PURPOSE
The increase of serum activity of gamma-glutamyltranferase (gammaGT) through the action of enzyme-inducing anticonvulsant drugs has been widely documented; however, the behaviour of its multiple forms and its relationship with the degree of enzyme induction has received little coverage. This subject is the major aim of our paper.

METHODS
An electrophoretic study of the serum gammaGT isoforms was made in 90 adult epileptic patients under chronic treatment with phenobarbital, phenytoin and carbamazepine in polytherapy.

RESULTS
A significant correlation was found (p<0.001) between the drug score and urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid (DGA) (r=0.773), total gammaGT (r=0.382), gammaGT1 (r=0.398) and gammaGT2 (r=0.361). In a group of 11 patients with the gammaGT3 isoforms, considered a sensitive test for cholestasis, serum activities of total gammaGT, gammaGT1, gammaGT2 and 5 -nucleotidase were found that were significantly higher than in the 79 patients without the gammaGT3 isoform (p<0.001); however, for the drug score and excretion of DGA, no significant differences were found, suggesting a similar degree of enzyme induction in both groups of patients.

CONCLUSIONS
The presence of cholestasis, at least biochemically detectable in some of these patients, appears to be a factor of paramount importance when interpreting the effect of enzyme-inducing anticonvulsant drugs on serum gammaGT. This fact may contribute towards explaining its highly varied response to the administration of these drugs.


We construct, in the style of Dirac, the square root of the lattice Laplacian. The resulting action is chiral invariant for zero mass. In four dimensions, fermions are packed 16 times more densely per gluon degree of freedom than in the Kogut-Susskind action. The naive continuum limit manifests a fourfold degeneracy.


Richard Rorty' concept of post-philosophical view on culture, with his theory of multidimensional culture based on anti-essentialism, and his small letter philosophy as its basic content, is, in essence, about the state ideology of the US, representing and serving the fundamental interests of his country, as well as the American unilateralist values expressed in philosophical terminology. His anti-essentialism is essentially about going against what is truly essential of humanity as a whole in their intertwined social relationships; it's about attaining absolute freedom from social constraints in an attempt to transcend the given social relations in reality, considering what the anti-essentialists are faced with is an ever closer human relationships in the context of trendy globalization; and their denial of the true existence of this social relationships is, in reality, a rejection of the notion of existence of nature proper. It is this denial that leads to their resorting to nihilism in their pursuit of truth, and accordingly, to their seeking to transcend the capitalized Philosophy characterized by its attempts to capitalize truth, and to achieve its identification with the object under discussion.


As the globe gradually entered the post-pandemic phase, electronic portfolio practises during the COVID-19 pandemic should be examined for future implementation. During the lockdown, electronic portfolio use was observed in higher education institutions by urging the provision of teaching and learning in a virtual mode. Under these conditions, the study analyses empirical e-portfolio practices and proposes a co-design model for effective e-portfolio implementation. This study is based on a systematic review, which included searching for and retrieving 221 papers from academic paper databases in English, Chinese, and Spanish; systematic screening using the Rayyan tool and the PRISMA model; and finally, extracting 12 publications, which were analysed by VOS Viewer and Nvivo, focusing on collaboration. The data collected allows for gathering several patterns of collaboration in e-portfolio practice. Based on the results obtained, a co-design strategy is suggested, which includes collaborative frameworks in e-portfolio implementation processes such as the community of inquiry (CoI) and community of practice (CoP). The co-design strategy provides the formulation of implementation recommendations related to collaborative e-portfolio. Conclusions reflect on utilising e-portfolios collaboratively in higher education settings by presenting a co-design strategy that is supported by the CoI and CoP frameworks.


Test engineers are constantly challenged to reduce the costs and time associated with developing new test systems, while they strive to improve throughput, test coverage, and quality. Test software design and development often represents a significant portion of overall test system development time and cost. Therefore, any component, tool, or technique that minimizes the test system development effort required has value in meeting the challenge. Many instrument manufacturers and T&M software vendors now provide IVI instrument drivers designed to help test engineers incorporate their equipment and software into test systems. IVI drivers are the latest industry effort to provide an improved interface between test software and test instruments. Building on SCPI and VXIPnP drivers, IVI drivers offer features and functions with real potential to address test system development challenges. However, IVI drivers aren't appropriate for every situation; realizing the full potential of the improvements incorporated in them requires a good understanding of driver architecture, features, and functions. This paper provides a guided tour of IVI instrument drivers, designed to help test engineers understand how to obtain the maximum benefits from using them. First, the different styles of IVI drivers are described. The basic architecture of drivers is discussed, as well as guidelines for installing, configuring, and using them. Techniques for optimizing performance, evaluating tradeoffs, and troubleshooting are described. The tour concludes with a discussion of more advanced topics, including simulation, multithreading, and extending and modifying driver functionality.


An 81-year-old woman was admitted to our institution with bradycardia, weakness and presyncope. At admission physical examination revealed a pulse rate of 42 per minute, blood pressure of 95 / 50 mmHg, and an oxygen saturation of 93 % on room air. The interrogation of the device showed a correct ventricular sensing and a threshold for ventricular pacing of 6.5 V at 1 ms pulse width. Analytic test showed a creatinine 3.78 mg / dl, Urea 187 mg / dl, sodium 133 mEq / L, potassium 6.2 mEq / L, and pH 7.37. Our patient showed a moderate acute hyperkalemia, which caused pacemaker exit block and capture failure.


Objective To explore the correlation between adenoid hypertrophy and secretory otitis media. Methods The cases of adenoid hypertrophy were screened and selected by nasopharyngeal lateral X ray. We chose 58 normal children after the clinical examination as control group. In accordance with the degree of adenoid hypertrophy,they were divided into three groups:the normal group,middle-grade and high-grade groups of adenoid hypertrophy with the association between the degree of adenoidal hypertrophy and the incidence rate of secretory otitis media analyzed. Results There was no difference in the incidence rate of secretory otitis media between the normal and middle-grade groups. The incidence rates of secretory otitis media were significantly different between the normal and high-grade groups(P 0.01). Conclusion The incidence of secvetory otitis media and the degree of adenoid hypertrophy showed positive correlation. The greater is the size of adenoids,the severer is the degree of obstruction of the nasopharyngeal cavity and the higher is the incidence of secretory otitis media.


The commercial zone exemption is something with which everyone involved in interstate transportation is familiar. This knowledge is gained from a person's day-to-day experiences in carrying out the duties of his employment and the particular problems he will experience will depend upon by whom and where he is employed. The involved statutory provision creating commercial zomes, Section 203(b)(8) of the Interstate Commerce Act, has had a remarkable durability and has survived the test of time, for it has not been changed since it was enacted as part of the Motor Carrier Act of 1935.


THE subject of the present paper involves many facts which have been already demonstrated as far as the batrachian heart is concerned. It will be best first to recall these facts and then to detail experiments made with a view to ascertain how the heart of the eel behaves under similar conditions, namely, when varying solutions are circulated through it. In the case of the batrachian hearts a saline (86 0/,) solution fails to sustain ventricular contraction'. When saline circulates through the frog's ventricle the contractions rapidly get weaker; after a while a partial recovery may occur, but in about twenty minutes the heart ceases its spontaneous beats and is inexcitable by even strong induction shocks. When the contraction is weakened dilatation of the ventricle is delayed, and later on the same delay reveals itself in the systole. In the same series of experiments it was shewn that in physiological doses potassium salts added to the circulating saline do not enable it to maintain the contractility of the ventricle, indeed under their influence the ventricle ceases to contract sooner than when simply saline is circulated. It was also demonstrated that bicarbonate of sodium in saline cannot support the heart's contractility. This salt has the power of restoring contractions in some degree when these have stopped, owing to the ventricle being fed with saline; but after some minutes, subsequent to the addition of the soda salt, the beats again cease and the ventricle stops in partial systole.


To evaluate the anxiolytic and antidepressant activity of saponin fraction of Trichopus zeylanicus (SFTZ) at 75,150 and 300 mg/kg. Anxiolytic activities of SFTZ were assayed by elevated plus maze method, light- dark test, and antidepressant activities were assayed by tail suspension test and force swimming test on mice. The various doses of SFTZ 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg, i. p have shown significant (***p< 0.001) increase in percentage of entries in open arm and time spent in open arm. Similarly it has also shown increased time spent in light box and decreased time in dark box significantly (***p< 0.001). In antidepressant study SFTZ at various doses of 75,150 and 300 mg/kg, i.p. have shown significantly (***p< 0.001) increased in immobility time in forced swimming and tail suspension method of antidepressant activity in mice. The present study confirmed that SFTZ 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg has shown promising anxiolytic and antidepressant activities.


The role of global networks is increasingly important in influencing state's decision on grand project. Tactics and strategies are employed across borders to build up cases and arguments to influence state's decision. Global actors such as the non-governmental organizations particularly environmentalist groups adopt strategies that bypass their state and search out for international allies to bring pressure on their state from outside. Sahabat Alam Sekitar (SAM) and other international allies who are members of World Commission on Dam (WCD) rally campaigns for the severe environmental and social structure effect on the Bakun dam project. Global networks presented their findings on eight large dams that have put pressure on the Asea Brown Boveri (ABB) and the Malaysian government to reconsider the big-dam project. Here the discussions on tactics and strategies by global networks are vital because a similar analysis can be applied in examining the impact of global networks on state's decision. However, actions from global networks have to be consistent and continuous to convince state actors. Local networks have to find ways to redefine issues concerning environments and people who are affected as a way to maintain endorsement from international networks. If supports are not consistent and continuous, the impact of collective efforts from global networks is rather subtle or perhaps forgettable.


$SiO_2-TiO_2-AgO$ 코팅박막을 졸-겔법으로 현미경용 슬라이드 유리판과 씰리콘 기판에 제조하였다. 이 박막의 열처리온도는 $500^{\circ}C$ 가 적절하였으며 5회 반복코팅한 박막의 두께는 310nm였다. AgO가 10mol% 첨가된 박막의 표면은 균일한 구조를 보였으나 첨가량이 많아질수록 박막의 표면에 pin hole과 AgO의 석출에 기인한 cluster를 보였다. 열처리온도의 증가에 따라 IR흡수의 정도가 점차 감소하였고, AgO 첨가량의 증가에 따라 반사율은 점차 감소하였으며 색상은 light yellow에서 무채색 쪽으로 점차 전이하였다. 【Coating films of $SiO_2-TiO_2-AgO$ have been prepared on soda-lime-silica slide glasses and single crystal silicon wafer by the sol-gel method using a spin-coating technique. Commercially available tetraethyl orthosilicate, titanium trichloride, and silver-nitrates were used as starting materials. The heat treatment temperature of this coating films was $500^{\circ}C$ properly, obtained from TG-DTA result. The films with thickness of 310 nm were prepared by 5 times coating. In the case of l0 mol% AgO, the film showed a crack-free and smooth surface, but the higher Ago content exhibited the more pin hole and the segregated cluster of AgO. The IR absorbance of the films decreased in the range of 400 nm to 700 nm with the increase of annealing temperature. And the reflectance of the coating films decreased and the color was changed light yellow to white yellow with the increase of Ago content.】


School literacy movement is one of the efforts to increase students' interest in reading and writing, so it needs to be applied in elementary school. This study aims to analyze the constraints with regard to implementation of the school literacy movement at SDN 2 Kalibening, Karanggayam,  Kebumen. This research is a descriptive study with research subjects involving 1 principal, 3 classroom teachers (grade 4, 5 and 6) and 15 students (grades 4, 5 and 6) state elementary school 2 of Kalibening. The research instruments used were questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis technique uses qualitative descriptive. The results showed that: (1) School literacy movement was still focused on literacy aspects of reading textbooks, (2) Teachers were less maximal in assisting students when implementing school literacy movements, and (3) The lack of facility to support the school literacy movement.


This study aims to identify the conditions and problems by means of community nursing diagnosis for the elderly residents in a housing complex facing rapid aging to age in place, that is, to live with dignity in an accustomed place to the last. Studied area was a mega-scale housing complex at a seaside area with the rate of aging of 30%. We analyzed the existing data including census and history, inspected the buildings and the elderly of the studied community, and conducted focus group interviews with 26 members of the organization for the aged, and finally analyzed these qualitative data. The five core categories regarding conditions and a problem were created: "both the physical environment and the resident's health status influence the continuity of living"; "the faint image of aging in place in the housing complex"; "little established models in facing the end of life with receiving family care"; "the urban culture that 原 著 Received : October. 31, 2016 Accepted : Febrary. 21, 2017 1) 横浜市立大学大学院医学研究科地域看護学分野


ABSTRACT This study was conducted to estimate the containation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in fruit juice, e.g. apple, grape, mango, orange, peach, and pineapple. The related studies regarding the concentration of PTEs in fruit juice which have been published in recommended databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus from 7 January 1969 to 20 February 2020 were analysed. Also, the health risk assessment for consumers due to PTEs ingestion via consuming various fruit juices was evaluated using target hazard quotient (THQ). Among 701 retrieved citations in the identification step, 44 articles were included in this conducted meta-analysis. In this context, the overall rank order of PTEs mean concentrations in the fruit juices were as follows: iron (Fe) >zinc (Zn)> copper (Cu)> lead (Pb) >nickel (Ni)> cadmium (Cd)> in apple and orange, Cu> Zn> Pb in grape, Fe> Zn>Cu>Ni>Cd>Pb in mango, Fe>Zn>Cu>Ni >Pb>Cd in peach and Cu>Zn>Cd>Ni>As in pineapple. Our results showed that the highest concentration of Pb and Cd were 0.075 and 0.204 mg/kg in orange and pineapple, respectively. The concentration of As in apple and orange juices was similar (0.003 mg/kg). Regarding Ni, Cu, Zn and Fe, the highest concentrations were 0.188, 0.508, 0.562 and 16.712 mg/kg in peach, mango and pineapple, respectively. The assessment of non-carcinogenic risk indicated that risk pattern was different in various countries. In addition, fruit juice consumers did not have a significant risk because of the ingestion of PTEs.


The reaction of ethanol with propylene oxide over calcined layered double hydroxides(CLDH) was investigated. The results show that CLDH has a good activity and a good selectivity, but the activity and the selectivity of CLDH decrease when CLDH reforms LDH- the so called "memory effect". The influence of the "memory effect" on the CLDH returning to LDH was studied by the hydration reaction. It is shown that the "memory effect" is not complete, and the decreases of the Mg/Al molar ratio of LDH and the crystallite size due to the increase of the hydration reaction time result in the drop of the activity and the selectivity.Keyworcds Ethanol, Propylene oxide, Calcined layered double hydroxide, "Memory effect", Hydration


Learning mathematics for early childhood is one of the aspects of cognitive development that must be developed. Mathematics in early childhood can be taught by helping with learning media, in the form of educational games tools. This study aims to provide an overview of the use of educational game tools in early childhood mathematics learning. Educational game tools can be used in mathematics learning to make it easier for teachers to deliver learning material. However, in reality, teachers rarely use educational game tools in mathematics learning. The research method used is literature study. In this literature study research, researchers use various sources of literature from books, journals and research results. The results of the literature review show that learning mathematics needs to be introduced from an early age, because learning mathematics can stimulate children's thinking abilities, so that children have readiness of the next stage of mathematics learning. The results of several studies indicate that the use of educational play tools can improve aspects of children's cognitive development, including children's abilities in learning mathematics. The use of educational play tools in learning mathematics makes learning mathematics fun and facilitates children's understanding of mathematical concepts.


A common narrative presented by performers is that by which they listen to a range of recorded performances, absorb the best elements from them, and develop outwards from here in a linear fashion in constructing their own interpretation. Drawing upon my own experiences as a pianist, I offer here an alternative model. This entails absorption of recordings and performance styles as a means of identifying their commonalities and limits, and examining these with a degree of detachment so as to conceive of the range of interpretive possibilities lying outside of this existing field. I argue that in many cases, especially with relatively standard repertoire, the existence of a wide range of recordings, far from necessarily encompassing an extremely broad range of musical possibilities, actually can serve to solidify and consolidate certain very particular practices, sometimes to the point of inertia; through the very familiarity of the reiteration of performance practices on recordings engenders, they become 'naturalised' from the perspective of listeners, and thus enter the realms of ideology. With musical examples both from recordings and given by myself at the piano, from works of Schumann, Liszt and Brahms, I argue not so much for a didactic negation of empirically observable practices so much as an appreciation of the very scope for manoeuvre that continues to exist for performers. I will also briefly touch upon the notion that certain approaches and attitudes to performance are intertwined with particular social expectations of music.


Lava lakes are the surface expression of conduits that bring magma to the mouth of a volcano from deep within the earth. Time-lapse data from a thermal imaging camera and a model of lava flow temperature variations were used to calculate the cooling rate and constrain the porosity of lava lake skin. Thermal footage taken at the Halema'uma'u Crater at the Kilauea Volcano in Hawai'i was analyzed to determine the cooling of two separate features of the lake's surface. First, we calculated the cooling rate of the skin immediately after large gas bubbles burst at the lake's surface. Second, the temperature of the skin was calculated as a function of distance from molten spreading centers on the surface, which provides evidence for cooling as a function of the skin's age. These two cooling rates were compared against cooling curves produced by a model that simulates lava flow cooling based on a myriad of physical factors. The comparisons revealed that the calculated cooling rates most closely corresponded to the cooling curves that were produced with a lava porosity value of at least 80%.


The International Conference on Family Planning in the 1980s meeting in Jakarta Indonesia in April 1981 led to the revelation of a strong commonality of objectives and strategies for the future on the part of the 150 participants from as many as 76 countries. The Jakarta Statement produced at the Conference provides clear guidelines for family planning in the decade of the 1980s. More detailed recommendations indicate the major elements and strategies for family planning programs worldwide. 3 major aspects that were discussed are: strategies; operational issues; and policies. On the subject of strategic issues in family planning emphasis was on orienting programs to the users point of view rather than that of the program planners or purveyors whether they be governmental or voluntary. On operational issues in family planning Dr. Attiya Inayatullah of Pakistan stressed that family planning begins with pre-counseling before services and continues with postcare after serivces. She identified 2 cardinal principles i.e. planned production and reproduction and community participation and group dynamics. A new trend in most areas of the world is the concept of integration. There was considerable debate at the Conference regarding its definition. Strong agreement was evident that while integration with other measures and pluralistic approaches were the direction to take family planning was clearly the anchor line and must retain the central focus. The point was made that few developmental programs have had as much impact as family planning within the same time span. The importance of the younger generation in all program activities was highlighted. References to the need for training indicated that training should be both role and output oriented and that its content should be pragmatic with an emphasis on the human dimension. There was considerable realism regarding the need to approve incentives of some types to individuals and communities who perform well in family planning. All participants upheld family planning as a basic human right. On the national level it was affirmed that governments should promote family planning as a basic human right and that government commitment should be strongly demonstrated.


The roots of the characteristic polynomial of the a djacency matrix A(G) of a graph G are called eigenvalues. The eigenvalues tog ether with their multiplicities constitute the spectrum of G. Graphs having zero as an eigenvalue are called singular graphs. Nullity of G is the multiplicity of the eigenvalue zero. T he null spread of the edge e is defined as ηe(G) = η(G) – η(G−e). Null spread of the edges of singular graphs depends on the null spread of its pendant vertices. The concatenation or edge gluing of two graphs G1 and G2 is the graph obtained by identifying two edges of G1 and G2. In this paper we study on the spectrum of the concatenation of two graphs. The effect of concatenation on energy is also a part of the inves tigation.


Measurement and characterization of small defects on large areas are time consuming but can be accelerated using high speed cameras and GPGPUs (general purpose graphic processing units). A height map of a filter glass with a 50 mm diameter scanned with a spatial sampling of 1 μm must present the data of more than 1000 single scans or 2.5 billion measuring points on a screen. Stitching processes of such data amount exceed the capacity of actual available metrology software packages even while operating on high end PCs. Resampling processes may result in a loss of information about surface roughness and small defects. Batch processing of the single scans is possible but make the interpretation of measuring results complicate and time consuming. Task specific data processing strategies overcome the given limitations. Disturbing residual stitching errors in overlapping zones are avoided and small scratches can still be observed in 3d maps of the complete sample. This simplifies the localization and provide information for preventive measures. Similar but adapted processing strategies are available to visualize local fluctuations of the surface textures. Test was done using the optical profiler smartWLI firebolt. The sensor operates on the measuring principal CSI - coherence scanning (white-light) interferometry and uses a 1.3 MP camera with 935 fps / full resolution. Data are processed in real time using a CUDA programmable NVIDIA graphic board which provides a calculation power of up to 82.6 FP32-TFLOPs. Thus, resulting in acquisition performance of up to approximately 1 single scan per second.


21 To determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of drug-resistant 22 tuberculosis in Hunan province, drug susceptibility testing and spoligotyping method 23 were performed among 171 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) isolates. In 24 addition, the mutated characteristics of 12 loci including katG, inhA, rpoB, rpsL, rrs1, 25 embB, pncA, tlyA, eis, rrs2, gyrA and gyrB among drug-resistant isolates were also 26 analyzed by DNA sequencing. Our results indicated that the prevalence of isoniazid 27 (INH), rifampin (RIF), streptomycin (SM), ethambutol (EMB), pyrazinamide (PZA), 28 capreomycin (CAP), kanamycin (KAN), amikacin (AKM) and ofloxacin (OFX) 29 resistance in Hunan province were 35.7%, 26.9%, 20.5%, 9.9% 15.2%, 2.3%, 1.8%, 30 AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 14 April 2014 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/AAC.02426-14 Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.


By combing Woolf's "A Room of One's Own " and other relevant papers, the ground-breaking role of Woolf's feminist thought to feminist poetics has been established. the article has discussed thoroughly Woolf's contribution to feminist poetics in two aspects: women's writing and women's reading .


Homogeneity studies in recent decades have segmented residents according to their attitudes. The aim of this work is to segment the residents of Punta del Este according to their attitudes toward tourism. Recently, there have been some segmentations of residents in diver's tourist destinations in the world. Resident segmentation has been performed with a cluster analysis using the K-mean algorithm, generating three groups: enthusiastic supporters (33.1%), supporters with nuanced opinion (45.2%), and people without a formed opinion (21.7%). The profile of the groups generated is quite similar and no groups with a clear opposition to tourism have been detected. The overall assessment of the residents surveyed in this research is positive.


Managing Solid Waste in Malaysia has become a challenging task especially in recent years due to rapid development, industrialisation, increase of population, and complexity in the types of waste being generated on daily basis. Adding to this problem, the number of landfill sites that are coming towards the end of its lifecycle are fast growing. Rapid development and industrialisation have also caused the price of land to increase significantly therefore the effort to develop new modern landfill sites become significantly expensive. On top of that, emerging type of waste such as e-waste is becoming new threats to the environment in Malaysia. Therefore new innovations in the approach towards managing solid waste are greatly needed. This paper is written to provide an analysis of how to address the issues by incorporating the present and future innovations related to solid waste management in Malaysia.


Objectives: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Cancer Fatigue Scale(CFS).Methods: After the translation,synthesis,back translation,expert committee review,and pretesting processes,the CFS was revised into a Chinese version(CFS-C).Totally 200 Chinese cancer patients completed CFS-C initally and 42 of them were investigated a week later to evaluate the test-retest reliability.Results:The CFS-C comprised 15 items and reflected 3 dimentions of physical,emotional and cognitive fatigue.The internal consistency reliability evaluated by Cronbach' a was 0.63-0.86 for the three subscales and the whole scale.The test-retest reliability was from 0.55 to 0.77.Factor analysis displayed good construction of the CFS-C.Conclusion: The Chinese version of Cancer Fatigue Scale(CFS) has good reliability and validity,meeting psychometric criteria.


Based on the documents analysis and concepts clarification,this research has behavioral events interview and semi-structured interview with front-line social workers,directors of social work service organizations and government departments which buy and use social work service,and professional social work teachers.According to the interview database,this thesis constructs the career competence model of professional social work talents,expounds its system framework in the realistic situation of current China,and discusses the main ways to improve the career competence of professional social work talents.


One day, a small opening appeared on a cocoon,a man sat and watched for the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole.


The paper refers to general presentation of international and European evaluation regarding breast cancer incidence and mortality as well as recommendations for prevention, screening, detection and treatment. The past years international research development in biomedical engineering has put a particular emphasis on the thermography use in breast pathology diagnosis and its main advantages, such as: an early diagnose of the breast cancer, in that stage when the mammography or ultrasounds can not easily detect the changes of the tissue; a totally non-invasive interaction with human body; very low costs and possibilities for the women to do a self thermographic


This thesis describes the different aspects of the design and implementation of a I2-bit 50M samplesjs pipelined non-binary radix 1.9 analog-to-digital converter. The converter architecture is made up of 14 stages with an interstage gain of 1.9 (non-binary radix). Each stage is made of one fully differential sample-and-hold amplifier (SHA), a I-bit sub-ADC (basically one comparator) and a I-bit DAC. The sub-DAC functionality is rolled in as part of the SHA switch capacitor architecture which is referred to as the multiplying DAC (MDAC). The self-calibration function is performed in a cyclical fashion and the entire pipeline is used to perform the calibration for each stage. The settling time on the MDAC is about 9ns with a gain of approximately SIdB. The entire pipeline has been implemented in a digital O.35/lm CMOS process.


Objective To study the expression changes of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha (CNTFRα) following optic nerve injury in rats. Methods The optic nerve injury model of rats was induced by crushing 5 mm optic nerve retrobulbarly. The eyeballs were removed at day 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 respectively after optic nerve injury, using normal rats as control. Western blotting method was used to detect the protein levels of CNTF and CNTFRα in the retina. Results There existed protein expression of CNTF and CNTFRα in the normal retina. The protein expressions of CNTF and CNTFRα were increased significantly at day 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 after injury, reached peak at day 7 and began to decrease at day 14.The protein expression of CNTF was still significantly higher than that in the control group at day 28 (P0.05). Nevertheless, the protein expression of CNTFRα was increased at day 28 with no significant difference compared with the control group (P 0.05). Conclusions The protein expression increase of CNTF and CNTFRα in the retina after optic nerve injury may be a self-protection response of the retinal neurons.


Traditionally, the U.S. dairy industry was driven by the domestic market; only a small fraction of dairy products was exported. Since about 2004, however, exports have accounted for a growing share of U.S. dairy product demand, reaching a value of nearly $7 billion in 2013. Export growth has been greatest for dry manufactured dairy products with relatively high skim-solids content (protein, lactose, minerals, and trace elements found in milk), such as nonfat dry milk (NDM) and dry whey. These products are You are here: Home / Amber Waves / Changes in U.S. Dairy Commercial Exports and Domestic Commercial Disappearance Stay Connected United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service


Electric discharge machining (EDM) is one of the most prominent machining processes, which is used across the world for machining and creating intricate shapes in very hard-to-cut electrically conducting materials. This comprehensive study aims to investigate the surface modification and characterisation of thin AISI-D3 tool steel sheets and provides thorough information about the material characteristics, which are quite vital from the design and reliability point of view. The analysis shows that the average improvement in the final surface finish of the machined surface is close to 12%. In addition, the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) images confirm the presence of 2.1% copper and 25.22% of carbon on the workpiece surface, showing the tool material transfer at the workpiece surface. Moreover, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images confirm the presence of a thinner recast layer, fewer micro-cracks and very less embedding of tool material on the workpiece surface as compared to the stationary tool process.


Aiming at the identification of common bean lines with anthracnose-resistance, 256 lines obtained from the backcrossing program of the donor parent G2333 (carrier of the alleles Co-4 2 , Co-5, and Co-7) with the recurrent parents ESAL 696 and CI 140 were used. These lines were inoculated with the three races 2047, 1545, and 73. In the lines with allele Co-4 2 , resistant to race 2047, we could not identify other resistance alleles, although Co-5, Co-7 or both might be present in some of them. In the lines without allele Co-4 2 (susceptible to race 2047) and inoculated with the races 1545 and 73, some lines were identified with pyramid Co-5 and Co- 7, some with Co-5 only, and others with Co-7 only. Lines carrying allele Co-7 only can be used for tagging.


A Jakarta diary, May 1998, Geoff Forrester the impact of the May crisis in Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara and East Timor, Richard Matthews the Indonesian economy - the strange and sudden death of a tiger, Hal Hill the crisis - contexts and prospects, Ken Young opposition and elite conflict in the fall of Soeharto, Ed Aspinall romancing the dual function - Indonesia's Armed Forces and the fall of Soeharto, Michael R.J. Vatikiotis trends in Indonesian student movements in 1998, Ikrar Nusa Bhaku between pesantran and palace - Nahdlatul Ulama and its role in the transition, Marcus Mietzner what will the post-Soeharto regime be like? Jamie Mackie Indonesian democracy, Harold Crouch a new regime, a more consolidated oligarchy, and a deeply divided anti-Soeharto movement, George J. Aditjondro Indonesia after Soeharto - more of the same, descent into chaos or a shift to reform? Richard Robinson the fall of Soeharto in comparative perspective, R.J. May chronology of events leading to the resignation of President Soeharto, Ikrar Nusa Bhaku President Soeharto's resignation speech.


The osmotic modulus of solutions of polybutadiene stars with f = 32, 64, and 128 arms have been measured from the dilute to the semidilute regime in the good solvent cyclohexane by static light scattering. Some complementary results on low molecular weight stars have been obtained using SANS. Values of the dimensionless virial ratio g ? A 3 /A 2 2 M0.62 for these many-arm stars accord well with the hard-sphere value (5/8). The concentration dependence of the osmotic modulus near the polymer coil overlap concentration, A 2 Mc 1, is characterized by a steep increase. This behavior agrees with arguments by Witten, Pincus, and Cates which indicate a steplike rise in the osmotic modulus where the step height scales as f 3/2 . In the semidilute regime the osmotic modulus becomes identical with that of a homogeneous linear polymer solution. A linear polybutadiene sample was also considered for comparison with the star polybutadiene measurements.


PART 1: THE COMMODITIES IN CIRCULATION - The Range of the Possible - A Wealth Rooted in the Soil - PART 2: NODES OF EXCHANGE: AN OVERVIEW - A Flurry of New Markets - The Distribution of Markets and Towns - PART 3: NETWORKS OF TRADE - Trade Between Towns - The Quest for Markets - Trade into Towns - PART 4: A CASE STUDY: HUNTINGDONSHIRE AND ITS ENVIRONS - A Regional Market System - A Regional Transportation System - A Regional Economy in Action


The utility model relates to a golf club head component, in particular to a club head component which can be simplified and assembled, which comprises a base with a plug part, an upper cover with an insert part, a striking panel and a connecting rod which is arranged on the striking panel; the striking panel is provided with a first embedding slot for the plug part to be embedded in, and a second embedding slot for the insert part to be embedded in, so that the base and the upper cover can be precisely contrapositioned and embedded with the striking panel; the design of the club head component can simplify the contraposition and save the time spent in contrapositioning, so as to provide convenience for the follow-up welding.


Boundary Element Method (BEM) and Radiosity Method (RadM) are established methods for numerical sound field computation. The BEM yields sound pressure amplitudes mainly for low frequencies, whereas for high frequencies geometrical methods are more efficient: ray and beam tracing and, well known in illumination simulation, the RadM. The latter, in contrast to the BEM, is based on an energy balance described by Kuttruff's integral equation. A comparison of BEM and RadM is interesting as both are based on a very similar data structure: a subdivision of the room's surface into a large number of patches and a matrix of factors describing the geometrical relationships between them. While the BEM requires surface impedances, the RadM uses absorption degrees assuming perfectly diffusely reflecting walls and yields, in its stationary version, the illumination distribution and from that the local sound energy densities and levels. Its iterative solution in time domain yields energy decay curves and thus reverberation times. With the BEM, these are computed by inverse Fourier Transform. A set of rooms with different local distributions of the absorption coefficient is examined, the results of both methods are compared with regard to sound pressure level and reverberation time.


Introduction: Female genital mutilation (FGM) comprises of various procedures that damage female genitalia for non-therapeutic intentions, and it offers multidimensional and interdependent effects. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether FGM versus non-FGM couples in Kermanshah in Iran vary in relationship characteristics, such as relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and mental health. Methods: To achieve this goal of research, a sample of 414 couples (206 FGM couples and 208 normal couples) of Uramanat area in Kermanshah Province, were selected by non-randomized sampling. Enrich Marital Inventory, 25-SCL Mental Health Inventory and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale were used for data collection. Data were analyzed between the two groups by utilizing independent t-test. The significance level was P < 0.05. Results: The findings indicated that there was a significant difference between FGM couples and normal couples. Besides, the results revealed that the two groups of participants had significant differences in mental health, marital satisfaction, and sexual function. Overall, FGM couples compared with normal couples had lower levels of mental health, marital satisfaction, and sexual function. Conclusion: FGM is associated with frequent psychosexual difficulties in Uramanat couples; notably orgasm difficulties, sense of incomplete sexual-needs fulfillment, and neurotic symptoms. Awareness of the psychosexual effects of this operation could help women cope with psychological and psychosexual problems, and could prevent the performing of this inhuman action on others.


von Willebrand factor (VWF)-cleaving protease (ADAMTS13), a 195-kDa plasma glycoprotein, preferentially cleaves "unusually large" VWF multimers and generates a range of VWF multimers with sizes from approximately 500,000 Daltons to 20 million Daltons. However, the molecular basis how ADAMTS13 prefers the larger VWF multimers to the smaller ones under physiological condition remains unknown. We hypothesize that coagulation factor VIII, which binds VWF in high affinity, may alter the susceptibility of VWF to ADAMTS13 protease. In the present study, a plasma-derived or recombinant VWF at final concentration of 150 nM was incubated for 3 min with 50 nM of recombinant ADAMTS13 in the absence and the presence of various concentrations of recombinant factor VIII (0–40 nM) in 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.5 containing 150 mM NaCl and 0.5 mg/ml bovine serum albumin under constant vortex-induced mechanic shear stress at rotation rate of 2,500 rpm. The specific cleavage products (the dimer of 176 kDa) were determined by Western blotting with rabbit anti-VWF IgG, followed by a fluorescence (IRDye800)-labeled anti-rabbit IgG and an infrared fluorescent image system. We showed that the rate of proteolytic cleavage of VWF by ADAMTS13 was markedly accelerated by an addition of recombinant factor VIII into the reaction. This augmenting effect was factor VIII concentration-dependent. The maximal augmentation in proteolytic cleavage of VWF by ADAMTS13 in the presence of 20 nM of recombinant factor VIII was approximately 10 fold over the baseline in the absence of factor VIII. The concentration of factor VIII that achieved half of the maximal effect on proteolytic cleavage of both plasma and recombinant VWF was nearly identical (approximately 3.0 nM). The B domain-deleted factor VIII appeared as efficacious as wild type factor VIII in accelerating the proteolytic cleavage of plasma-derived VWF by ADAMTS13, suggesting that the large, central B-domain of factor VIII is not required for its cofactor activity. Moreover, after being activated by thrombin, the activated factor VIII retained its cofactor activity initially, but rapidly lost its ability to enhance the proteolysis of VWF by ADAMTS13 within minutes, which was correlated with the dissociation (or inactivation) kinetics of the activated factor VIII heterotrimer. These data demonstrate that both factor VIII and activated factor VIII may be the cofactors that regulate ADAMTS13 protease function under physiological condition. The findings may provide a novel insight into how the larger VWF multimers are more susceptible to ADAMTS13 protease, likely because the larger VWF multimers are able to bind more factor VIII. The findings may also help design an optimal therapeutic regimen for treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.


The structure and properties of graphene,the synthesis methods of graphene and its composites are elaborated systematically.On this basis,the advances in water contaminant removal using graphene nanocomposites,including organic pollutants,inorganic pollutants and heavy metal ions,etc.,are introduced.


Street art is one of the forms of current contemporary art. On the one hand, street art is a relatively new phenomenon that has strongly marked urban nature and that is capable of existing only within public city space. Herewith, it interacts with the urban environment complementing and aestheticizing it or, on the contrary, disfiguring it with its irrelevance and unattractiveness [8, p. 3]. On the other hand, street art is a socio-cultural phenomenon suggesting that its works can be considered not only in a physical sense but also as an object reflected in consciousness [8, p. 3]. It is a cultural concept and at the same time a product of culture embodied in certain socio-cultural space-time and constantly produced and reproduced in various social practices [2]. The most important feature of street art is that, as has already been said, it often embodies ideas relevant to contemporary realities and hereby reflects problems of a social, political, cultural, etc. focus. In order to more clearly examine this feature we should analyze the most vivid examples of such nature of the street artists' messages. One of the most famous figures in this regard is English street artist Banksy. A large number of his works are drawn to the acute problems of modern society. Thus, for example, Napalm (2004) depicts Mickey Mouse and Ronald MacDonald leading a crying little girl by the hand. This image Banksy borrowed from the famous photograph of Nick Ut made during the Vietnam War and depicting a Vietnamese girl escaping from exploded napalm. The work holds and demonstrates the critique of modern society: the symbols of American culture − "Mickey Mouse and Ronald MacDonald — represent a consumer' greed and a self-deception of people who willingly close their eyes to more serious problems" [3], for example, world wars. Another work of Banksy The Flower Thrower (2005) depicts a rebel which keeps in his hand and throws a bouquet of flowers instead of a cocktail bomb. It's quite simply to understand this work's idea: the artist seeks to show that with the help of peaceful means instead of cruelty and aggression one can achieve much more goals. In 2006 the installation London Phone Booth made by him has emerged in London. In this case the true meaning of the artist's message is unknown, however, according to some art historians, the work symbolizes the devaluation of the real-life communication culture in the era of development and the increasing influence of the Internet and social networks. As one more, the last, example of Banksy works we can recall the one called Jungle (which was installed in Calais in 2015). Here Banksy depicts Steve Jobs as a migrant from Syria. With his work Banksy wanted to argue that not all migrants are terrorists, a striking example of which is Steve Jobs, the son of a Syrian refugee who came to the United States. Apart from Banksy, many other well-known world street artists choose acute social and political problems as the plot of their works. Thus, Os Gemeos, a team of street artists that are twin brothers from São Paulo, raise in their works the problems of corruption and social inequality. In one of their works, besides the painting itself, there is a striking writing: "How much does a member of the municipal council earn? And how much does a teacher earn?". The writing of even more provocative their object states: "I love my Brazil ... But not politicians!". A street artist from Italy with a nickname Blu, who paints murals all over the world, in a rather paradoxical way combines humor, criticism and a kind of satire about modern society in his creative works. His works themselves are executed in a humorous manner and can cause a smile when they are firstly encountered by someone, but upon more closer examination it becomes clear that they are deeply philosophical and, as some experts in the field of street art note, even pretty much brilliant. The figure 1 represents one of these works: the key-note that this object broadcasts is that in the world of constant consumption and satisfaction of our infinite needs humanity ceases to care for the planet depriving it of its resources. The problem of ecology is also reflected in the works of some other street artists. For example, the team from Switzerland Nevercrew became famous in the world of art for their images of whales, pandas, polar bears that are marginal animals (Fig. 2). So, for example, the DOI: 10.14529/ssh190315 The sTreeT arT's abiliTy To raise socially significanT problems


The heat production of fasted and fed littermate pairs of pigs weaned at 10, 17 and 24 days of age was determined between 16 to 34°C. Up to and including 34°C the post-weaning heat production of fasted pigs at 10 and 17 days of age decreased with rising temperature. Rectal temperatures of all 24-day-old fasted pigs were higher at 34°C than at 31°C. For fed pigs weaned at 10 days of age the heat production continued to decrease up to and including 34°C. The decrease between 28°C and 31°C and between 31°C and 34°C was comparatively small and rectal temperatures were slightly elevated at 34°C. The results indicated that for fed pigs weaned at 17 and 24 days the thermoneutral zone was in the region of 31°C and the lower critical temperatures were about 28°C.


A longitudinal study of the impact of three separate volunteer programs working with juvenile delinquents was undertaken at one juvenile court. The youth were followed for a period of one year with measures of official and unofficial delinquent behavior obtained four times during that year. Other data were also collected. The study results indicated two of the programs (i.e., volunteer probation officer and group counseling) had a negligible effect on reducing probationers' delinquent behavior compared to a control group. Youth who participated in the third group, a volunteer tutor program, actually increased their delinquent behavior when compared to a control group within the first 6 months of their probation. However, one year after probation, the differences were negligible. Recommendations are made which include divesting the juvenile court of client responsibility for providing volunteer services.


Abstract : East Harbor is a tidally restricted estuary north of Truro, MA, on Cape Cod. The Harbor is connected to Cape Cod Bay by a culvert with 2.2 m(expn 2) cross-sectional area and 200 m length leading to a poorly flushed marsh area which empties into East Harbor. The natural inlet on the north end of the estuary was closed via construction of a dike in 1869, which significantly changed the hydrodynamics of the system. This study examined the benefits of establishing a new inlet within limited property on the southern end of the estuary. The analysis maximized water exchange within East Harbor while minimizing impoundment at inlet structures extending into Cape Cod Bay. Methods include an analysis of the natural and altered channel equilibrium and flow characteristics; a sediment budget for the bay shoreline; and numerical modeling of waves, currents, and sediment transport. Numerical model results agree with channel equilibrium area calculations.


The work at hand deals with all the concerns of the final 20-layer prototype for the AMS TRD, which has been subjected to 2 high energy beamtest at CERN test facilities (X7,H6) in summer 2000. During these beamtests more than 3 million events of p, e−, π− and μ− data with beam energies up to 250 GeV have been recorded. The analysis of the measured data has determined the rejection factor for protons and pions against electrons as function of particle energy. In order to do so the frequently used Cluster Counting as well as three different Likelihood methods have been used. The best performance likelihood derived rejection factors for protons in the range from (1429 ± 408) at 20 GeV down to (143 ± 12) at 250 GeV beam energy. This same analysis carried out for the pion data results in rejections that range from (1000 ± 400) at 20 GeV beam energy up to (19.2 ± 0.7) at 100 GeV . This denotes on average an improvement by more than a factor of 2, compared to the Cluster Counting results. In the second part of this thesis, GEANT 3.21 simulations have been employed to reproduce the measured energy spectra and rejection factors. For that reason existing GEANT supplements to generate and detect transition radiation have been adjusted and optimised such, that a best agreement to the measured energy spectra was achieved over the full range of proton energies. Rejection factors derived from MC samples are in good agreement with those from the data over the full range of pion energies. Above 160 GeV though this comparison at first depicted a clear discrepancy between the data and MC proton rejection distributions. An additionally introduced simple model of diffractive proton proton interactions was capable of resolving this discrepancy up to the highest measured beam energies. Other attempts to resolve this disagreement failed to follow suit.


In recent years, intense concerns about the increasing resistance of weed populations to herbicide treatments, the low availability of bioactive ingredients for vegetable crops, as well as the expansion of organic farms for these niche crops have stimulated the development of new non-chemical methods of control or new approaches to those already used. In general, vegetable crops exhibit increased sensitivity to weeds compared to other crops. Therefore, weed control in organic vegetable crops is a real challenge for farmers, mainly using the so-called physical combat methods. Therefore, weed destruction is accomplished by using manual, mechanical, thermal or mulching means. The paper presents the preliminary experimental results obtained under laboratory conditions, referring to an innovative model of equipment for the ecological weed control in vegetable crops. It will achieve the destruction of weeds, combining the thermal method based on using hot water with the mechanical one, by equipping the machine with environmentally friendly active parts. The results obtained constitute an important premise for developing efficient equipment for the ecological weed control that can be used within integrated control systems, specific for organic onion, bean and bell pepper crops.


The consensus of the group′s decision-making data must be analyzed before group's opinions are integrated in multi-attribute group decision-making so that decision of group accords with the reality. This paper proposes three three-dimension hierarchy models;evaluating values of alternatives in individual decision-making are expressed by Euclidean distance;this paper puts forward coincidence indicator value α, which is judging basis of consensus of group data;also this paper proposes a group decision making approach on the basis of satisfying group consensus;finally this paper illustrates using step of this algorithm.


The State Library of South Australia holds a wide cross section of information about South Australia and its people, some of which relates to Aboriginal people, but specific information regarding families can sometimes require broad research.


Abstract The amino acid composition of egg shell membranes was determined on membranes from eggs from young (28 weeks) and old (72 weeks) hens having low, medium or high shell deformation. The amino acid composition of the shell membranes of the various treatment groups showed relatively small differences due to treatment. The shell membranes contained relatively large amounts of the sulfur containing amino acids, cystine (9–10%) and methionine (3–4%), suggesting that the protein is a keratin since no hydroxyproline was found. The use of stepwise discriminant analysis of the amino acid data enabled correct classification of the shell membranes by treatment groups and indicated the amino acids of greatest importance in the classification of the shell membranes.


To clarify the variation of chemical composition of fog water and size distribution of fog droplets, investigation was conducted over the northern North Pacific, where sea fog appears frequently in summer, during the KH-04-3 cruise of R/V Hakuho-maru in 2004. The sea salt composition is governed 65% of total concentration of inorganic ions and the non-sea-salt sulfate occupied 10% in the 90 sea fo gw ater samples. The average size distribution of liquid water content (LWC) of sea fog showed a bimodal pattern with peaks of 7.0 and 27.5 μ mi n diameter,while its distribution on land fog commonly showed a monomodal pattern. LWC, number concentrations of fog droplets and concentrations of sea salt composition were high at the edge of the fog area, and decreased toward the center of the fog area. The peak of LWC was shifted from 17.0μ ma t the edge to 36.5μ mi n the center area. Based on the rela- tionship of chemical composition between aerosols and fog droplets, the fog droplets are ex- pected to deposit with growing of its droplet size with coagulation and adsorbing reactive gases as a function of the distance from the edge of the sea fog area. In the northern North Pacific region, frequent sea fog appearance is important as one of scavenge processes of natural an da nthropogenic substances from lands as well as marine bio- genic substances.


Mammalian spermatozoa undergo extensive alterations during maturation in the epididymis, which give them the ability to fertilize. Some of these alterations involve modification of the sperm surface by components of the epididymal fluid, including absorption of proteins to spermatozoa and modification of preexisting moieties on the sperm surface. These alterations usually occur in distinct areas along the epididymis, and the new molecules are responsible for the differences in the surface properties of spermatozoa from different epididymal segments. Monoclonal antibody T21 recognized an antigen that appeared on the surface of the flagellum during epididymal maturation of mouse spermatozoa. The IgM antibody caused tail-tail agglutination of spermatozoa from the distal part of the epididymis. Immunohistochemical studies indicated that the antigen first appeared on the surface of spermatozoa in the midcorpus region of the epididymis, and staining increased as spermatozoa moved distally. Unlike SMA 4, a mouse sperm maturation antigen studied previously,' no staining was seen within or on the luminal surface of the epithelium, and the antigen recognized by antibody T21 did not appear to be secreted and attached to the sperm surface. The predominant form of the antigen present on corpus spermatozoa had an apparent molecular weight of 35,000, whereas that on cauda spermatozoa was 31,000. Current evidence suggests that the antigen arises by modification of preexisting sperm surface components. The antigen recognized by antibody T21 was lost from cauda spermatozoa that had been washed three times and suspended at 1 x lo6 cells/ml for 1 hr in modified Krebs-Ringer's solution (MKR) containing 2% bovine serum albumin (MKR/ BSA). The antigen, however, was retained if spermatozoa were not washed, if they were washed and incubated in MKR/BSA at 10 x lo6 cells/ml, or if they were incubated in MKR/BSA-containing epididymal fluid. Antigen loss was not affected by fluids from the female reproductive tract or accessory glands of the male. Antigen loss, however, was prevented by fluid from the testis. The effect of epididymal fluid on antigen loss was not destroyed by mild heating or repeated freeze-thawing, but was decreased by boiling for 10 min or trypsin treatment. Epididymal fluid from rat and hamster also inhibited loss of the antigen from mouse spermatozoa, but epididymal fluid from rabbit or guinea pig did not. These data suggest that a factor in epididymal fluid inhibited loss of the mouse sperm surface maturation antigen recognized by antibody T2 I . Gel filtration chromatography of mouse epididymal fluid indicated that the factor was 40,000 to 50,000 molecular weight. Similar effects of epididymal fluid were seen in a previous


Taylor bubbles are a feature of the slug flow regime in gas-liquid flows in vertical pipes. Their dynamics exhibits a number of transitions such as symmetry-breaking in the bubble shape and wake when rising in downward-flowing and stagnant liquids, respectively, as well as breakup in sufficiently turbulent environments. Motivated by the need to examine the stability of a Taylor bubble in liquids, a systematic numerical study of a steadily-moving Taylor bubble in stagnant and flowing liquids is carried out, characterised by a dimensionless inverse viscosity (Nf), and Eötvös (Eo), and Froude (Fr) numbers based on the centreline liquid velocity, using a Galerkin finite-element method. A boundary-fitted domain is used to examine the dependence of the steady bubble shape on a wide range of Nf and Eo. Our analysis of the bubble nose and bottom curvatures shows that the intervals Eo = [20, 30) and Nf = [60, 80) are the limits below which surface tension and viscosity, respectively, have a strong influence on the bubble shape. In the interval Eo = (60, 100], all bubble features studied are weakly-dependent on surface tension. This is Part I of a two-part publication in which its companion paper (Abubakar & Matar 2021) reports the results of a linear stability analysis of the steady-states discussed herein.


1. A botanical conservation index, derived from the national and local rarity of aquatic macrophyte species, and also hydrophyte-species richness, were determined for 57 ponds in East Yorkshire, England.

2. Ponds were selected to represent diverse origins (i.e. ancient moats, village ponds, gravel pits, clay pits, borrow pits and ponds of miscellaneous origin).

3. High conservation indices and species richness were found in gravel pits, clay pits and borrow pits.

4. When the ponds were grouped on the basis of water chemistry and on vegetation, using SPSS hierarchical cluster analysis and TWINSPAN respectively, the groups did not reflect conservation value or pond origin.

5. High conservation indices and species richness were, however, associated with the presence of adjacent freshwater bodies and bankside angling. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


1816—Hübner, Verzeichniss, 192. 1864—Pack., Proc. Ent. Soc., Phil., III., 122. 1874—Strech, Zyg. & Bomb., 191. The head is small and retracted; tongue obsolete, palpi very small and weak; antennæ moderately long, bipectinated in the male, simple in the female; the pectinations are long and extend to the tip; legs short and weak, all the spurs present, but very short: the two paris of the posterior tibiæ close together. The tarsal claws are as in Spilosoma, and, indeed, there is no structural difference between these two genera. Antarctia has shorter, broader wings, somewhat longer vestiture, and is not white!


For more than two decades, social enterprise movements in the United States and in Europe have taken on growing importance. Broadly defined as the use of non-governmental, market-based approaches to addressing social issues, social enterprise has become an increasingly popular means of funding and supplying social initiatives around the world. Yet while the trend and its ultimate objectives are similar, there remain vast differences in the conceptualization of social enterprise among different world regions. These differences stem from contrasting forces shaping and reinforcing the movement in each region. According to J. A. Kerlin, the concept of social enterprise in the United States is generally much broader and more focused on enterprise for the sake of revenue generation than definitions elsewhere. This remains true even when considering the definitional divide in the United States between academics and practitioners. In Western Europe, the trend toward social enterprise emerged somewhat later than in the United States and was focused on the simultaneous development of public interest services, and diversification of revenue generation in the third sector. Most social enterprises in Western Europe operate under the legal form of either a nonprofit association or a cooperative. Social enterprises are established as associations in those countries where the legal definition of association allows a degree of freedom in selling goods and services on the open market. In countries such as Sweden, Finland and Spain, where associations are more limited in this regard, social enterprises tend to take the legal form for cooperatives. In Korea, the Social Enterprise Promotion Act was enacted on December 8, 2006 and became effective on July 1, 2007. The social enterprise is defined as those enterprises which trade in goods or services for a social purpose through the employment of people from a disadvantaged community, and was recognized by the Minister of Labor. The legal form of the social enterprise is not limited to the non-profit organization. It ranges between association in the Civil Code and companies in the Commercial Code. The corporation of public interest, non-profit private organization, social welfare corporation, consumers' cooperation can be also social enterprise. The Minister of Labor can support the social enterprises with professional consultation for management, technique, tax, labor, accounting and other necessary information. The State or local autonomous governments can support the social enterprises by renting the state-owned or public land, and by reducing or exempting taxes. The criticism was raised to the recognition and promotion of the social enterprise by the government, because the social enterprises in the United States and Western Europe have appeared on the initiative of private organizations. It would be contradictory, if the government supports those activities in the field, where the government was not engaged. The requirement of social enterprise to employ people from a disadvantaged community is also difficult to be met, as those unskilled elderly people, women, disabled, most of whom were once excluded from the labor market, can hardly compete with the regular workers of the same business. Those problems have to be keenly observed in the implementation of the Social Enterprise Promotion Act and it will help the interest parties find the way to develop the young social enterprises in Korea.


This Discourse Analytical (DA) study explores the discursive
constructions of therapeutic practice within educational psychology. These constructions are taken from the perspective of fifteen Educational Psychologists (EPs) who are new to the profession. Drawing on data from four focus groups, comprising of three to four participants, I used Discursive Psychology (DP) to analyse the psychological themes emerging from participant talk.

My analysis indicated that five interpretative repertoires were used to talk about therapeutic EP work. These included: 'therapeutic-asskilled','therapeutic-as-eclectic', 'therapeutic-as-threatening','therapeutic-as-limited' and 'therapeutic-as-emerging'. A number of discursive devices such as disclaiming, excusing and blaming were also used. Participants were able to take up varying subject positions in relation to therapeutic practice, presenting themselves as both passive and active agents. When talking about therapeutic work participants positioned themselves as confused, reluctant and unconfident; as well as valuable, skilled and motivated
practitioners.

I concluded that the relational aspects of therapeutic EP practice are as important as the technical aids or tools used to facilitate this type of work. I have suggested that the uncertainty that exists around therapeutic work might reflect the uncertainty of participants' emerging EP identity. My research indicates that EPs, who are new to profession, have the sufficient agency to negotiate therapeutic practices with educational psychology. However, this will require further investment from leaders within the profession.


In recent years the reliability of end-user developed spreadsheet programs has been shown to be very poor. Surprisingly, relatively little research has been carried out in the areas of spreadsheet testing and debugging. With the aim of recording and analysing end-user behaviour and performance in spreadsheet error detection and correction, an experiment was conducted with 13 industry-based professionals and 34 accounting & finance students. The work utilised a novel approach for acquiring experimental data through the unobtrusive recording of participants debugging actions using a custom built VBA tool. Based on the findings from analysis of debugging behaviour, a simple debugging tool was developed by the authors, and its effects on debugging performance were investigated by means of a controlled experiment.


A case of bilateral anterior and intermediate uveitis apparently associated with omeprazole is presented. The patient, who is a 46-year-old black woman, first presented in June 2015 with a 4-day history of redness, photophobia, and floaters involving both eyes. Her symptoms started 7 days after she began taking oral omeprazole 40 mg daily for gastroesophageal reflux disease. On examination, she had keratic precipitates in both eyes, 3 to 4+ cells and 2+ flare in the anterior chamber in both eyes, 1 to 2+ vitreous cells in the right eye, and 1+ vitreous cells in the left eye. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography showed numerous hyperreflective dots within the vitreous and/or in the subhyaloid space, indicative of the presence of vitritis (Figures 1A and 1B, only right eye shown). The patient was diagnosed with anterior and intermediate uveitis of both eyes and was started on difluprednate drops. In the meantime, the patient also continued taking omeprazole for some time before finally discontinuing it. Her ocular inflammation eventually subsided (Figure 1C, spectral domain optical coherence tomography of only right eye shown), and she was able to be tapered off difluprednate in the right eye after 4 months and in the left eye after 5 months from the time of presentation. Her workup for potential causes of uveitis was negative. The patient presented again in June 2017 with similar symptoms of 4 days' duration, which started 3 days after she began taking oral omeprazole. On examination, she had keratic precipitates in both eyes and 2+ cells and 1+ flare in the anterior chamber cavity in both eyes. The patient was started on difluprednate drops. She returned 10 days later, at which time she also had punctate subhyaloid opacities in the vitreous cavity in both eyes. At that time the patient was advised to stop omeprazole and to avoid all proton pump inhibitors. Urinalysis done at that time showed 38 white blood cells/high power field, 14 red blood cells/high power field, and 2 hyaline casts/low power field (Table 1). The urine β2 microglobulin level was normal. Urine bacterial culture was negative. Her serum creatinine was found to be normal. When the patient returned 18 days after stopping the omeprazole, the inflammation had markedly improved in both eyes. At that stage, she began tapering the difluprednate, and she was able to be weaned off difluprednate for both eyes after taking it for a total of 2 months. The patient had not had any evidence of recurrence of her uveitis again when seen at her last follow-up in September 2019. The close temporal association between the administration of omeprazole and the onset of uveitis during both episodes of uveitis, with the second episode serving as a rechallenge test, and the rapid improvement of her uveitis after stopping the omeprazole during the second episode are highly supportive of the causative role of omeprazole. A score of 8 was obtained using the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale, suggesting omeprazole as the probable cause of the uveitis in this patient. There are numerous reports of interstitial nephritis associated with the use of omeprazole. However, even though uveitis can occur along with interstitial nephritis as part of tubulointerstitial nephritis uveitis syndrome that has been associated with a number of drugs, including a proton pump inhibitor—namely, pantoprazole—to date, there is no reported case of uveitis, available in the MEDLINE database, associated with omeprazole. Also, of note there are no reports of uveitis associated with H2 histamine receptor blockers. Drug-induced uveitis has been associated with a number of drugs, either locally or systemically administered. Most cases of drug-induced uveitis are believed to be immunologically mediated; however, in some cases, direct chemical toxicity targeting the uveal tissue could be involved resulting in inflammation secondarily. The time interval between the initiation of omeprazole administration and the onset of ocular symptoms—7 days during the first episode and 3 days during the second episode—suggests an immune-mediated pathogenesis in the case presented in this article. Even though omeprazole is widely used, the absence of any reported case of uveitis associated with omeprazole indicates that such an 890093 AOPXXX10.1177/1060028019890093Annals of PharmacotherapyShifera letter2019


The Pippard relations (C P vs. a P and a P vs. k T ) are examined at various temperatures up to 1200 K at zero pressure (P = 0) for the cubic gauche nitrogen. The specific heat (C P ) is related to the thermal expansion ( a P ) and the a P is also related to the isothermal compressibility ( k T ) as the Pippard relations for this solid structure. For those relations, experimental data are used from the literature. It is found that the variation of the C P with the a P and a P with the k T is linear. Using the linear relations dP/dT is predicted, which can be compared with the experimental measurements in the P – T phase diagram of cubic gauche nitrogen.


The objective of the study was actually the investigation of the effect of various organic wastes on the ability of urine in absorbing CO2. Urine alone or mixed with olive-oil-mill waste waters (O), poultry litter (P) or meat bone meal (M) was used on the absorption of CO2 from a gas bottle. The absorption capacity (1.35 - 2.85 gCO2/gNH4) was bigger than other solvents such as ammonia and amines. The range of CO2 absorption was significantly bigger for the organic mixtures P and PM with urine (9.1 - 11.8) g/L than urine alone 6.5 g/L. These organic wastes could be used to increase CO2 absorption in urine and reduce gas emissions.


As one of the oldest and most popular social insurance programs,the Republic of China established its occupational injury insurance soon after its foundation. From 1949 to 2009,though experiencing many blows and setbacks,it has got great progress through adjustments and reforms. Based on the growth of social economy and the reform of political system,its institutional structure has been established and improved. It means that the value of fairness has been admitted,the government responsibility has returned again,the insurance has initiatively played an active role in the society,Stakeholders have more harmonious and healthy relationship. Meanwhile,the occupational insurance will continue its reform towards the aim of "people oriented" and "protecting workers as much as possible".


As businesses are getting better, and many lifestyle changes. The movie community has not changed preferences. Many people still queue to pay for placement to watch movie in cinema houses. For those who hated queueing, they would buy a VCD or DVD to watch at home. The introduction of e-services has shown that e-commerce website can promote a trendy way for people to perform booking/reservation. As far as the subject matter is concerned, online booking systems can be developed for bus stations, airports, hotels, cinemas and other centers that engage in reservation. However, in this research, we developed an online booking system for cinema house called FLOW entertainments. We used Hypertext MarkUp Language, Cascading Style Sheet and JavaScript for the front end and MySQL database as the back end; and PHP as the scripting language. The designed system was implemented using the XAMPP package. XAMPP comes with the Apache as the server, NetBeans and Dreamweaver CSS were used at the customer-side for the development. The developed system was successfully tested on a computer system with a 4 gigabyte RAM and a DUAL CORE processor with a processor speed of 2.16GHz.


GERALD W. BRACEY is an associate for the High/Scope Foundation, Ypsilanti, Mich., and an associate professor at George Mason University, Fairfax, Va. His most recent book is Setting the Record Straight: Responses to Misconceptions About Public Education in the U.S. (Heinemann, 2004). He lives in the Washington, D.C., area. Gates said, "Today, most jobs that allow you to support a family require some postsecondary education," but only half of those who start ninth grade get any. Let us suppose that the governors do succeed and that all ninth-graders do persist and get some postsecondary education. That certainly solves an equity problem. A question that Gates and the governors have yet to answer, though, is, "Why don't most jobs the economy generates pay that family-supporting wage?" While most (but not all) of the fastest-growing occupations require skilled labor, the occupations with the largest numbers of jobs do not. The number of jobs in the low-level, servicesector category overwhelms the number of jobs in the skilled sector. Wal-Mart trumps Microsoft. This leaves us with other unanswered questions. First, if 100% of our students qualify for good jobs that can support families — if they are, let us say, 100% "proficient" — how will employers choose among them, and won't this oversupply of qualified workers drive down the wages for skilled labor? More important, who will do the unskilled jobs? If the governors get their wish, the country and its economy will collapse. (For an elaboration of this argument, see my essay "What If Education Broke Out All Over?" in the 28 March 1994 edition of Education Week.) Whatever the answers, dropouts remain a problem and one that is getting attention. In One Third of a Nation: Rising Dropout Rates and Declining Opportunities, Paul Barton, senior associate at the ETS Policy Information Center, summarizes the various studies of dropouts, including his own. The five studies he reports on put the graduation rate at somewhere between 66% and 71%. I don't think any of them include GEDholders among graduates. Some studies exclude them for legitimate reasons; some, for less defensible ones. For instance, Jay Greene omits GED-holders because he feels including them would give the schools credit when in fact they have failed students who drop out and because acquiring a GED is an inR ECALLING A study about public attitudes toward schools in various countries, I asked Jouni Valijarvi of the University of Juvaskyla how Finns perceived their schools and whether PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) results had any impact on their perceptions. Valijarvi was the senior author of The Finnish Success in PISA — and Some Reasons Behind It, a monograph that I summarized here in April. He replied:


An infiltration method was used to determine the relationship between hydraulic conductivity and moisture content for a slate dust. The necessary unsaturated conditions of the porous material were obtained either by maintaining the surface at a suction through a porous membrane or by maintaining an air pressure greater than atmospheric pressure in a dry material with the surface kept saturated. Measurements (which pertain to the wetting material) for a slate dust are compared with those from other methods. Details are described of the experimental procedure for the suction method and the pressure method. The moisture profiles furing the experiment are detailed. The results are discussed.


C에서는 하중속도가 증가함에 따라 SA508 Gr.1a 저합금강의 강도와 연신률이 모두 감소하였고 단면수축률은 감소 후 증가하는 비선형 거동을 보였다. SA312 TP316 스테인리스강의 강도, 연신률, 그리고 단면수축률은 하중속도에 관계없이 거의 일정한 값을 보였다. 시험 온도에 관계없이 SA508 Gr.1a 저합금강의 가공경화능력은 하중속도에 거의 영향을 받지 않았으나, SA312 TP316 스테인리스강에서는 하중속도가 증가함에 따라 가공경화능력이 감소하였다.Abstract: This study conducted tensile tests on SA508 Gr.1a low alloy steel and SA312 TP316 stainless steel piping materials under various strain rates at room temperature (RT) and 316°C to investigate the effects of loading rate on the deformation behavior of nuclear piping materials. At RT, the deformation behavior for both pipe materials showed a typical loading rate dependence, i.e., the strength increased and the ductility decreased as the loading rate increased. At 316°C, however, the strength and elongation of SA508 Gr.1a low alloy steel decreased as the loading rate increased, and its reduction of area non-linearly varied with the loading rate. For SA312 TP316 stainless steel, the strength, elongation, and reduction of area at 316°C were almost the same regardless of the loading rate. At both temperatures, the strain hardening capacity was nearly independent of the loading rate for SA508 Gr.1a low alloy steel, while it decreased with increasing loading rate for SA312 TP316 stainless steel.


In this work, top-down fabrication methods for fabricating high optical quality gallium indium phosphide (GaInP) nanopillar/disk arrays are investigated for optoelectronic applications. Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) measurements are used to characterize the fabricated nanostructures and the results are compared to the properties of a reference GaInP 'slab'. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra and carrier lifetimes are characterized for the fabricated GaInP structures embedded in a highly transparent film. Additionally, using GaInP structures on a gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate the effect of a sulphur-oleylamine based surface passivation procedure is investigated. This was done for the purpose of improving the PL intensities, increase carrier lifetimes and prevent photodegradation by passivating the surface states.


A simple reverse phase HPLC assay is described for the determination of the anticonvulsant compound, beclamide and its 3‐ and 4‐hydroxyphenyl metabolites in urine.


On Friday, July 11, 2008, Dr. Michael E. DeBakey passed away peacefully from natural causes at 9:38 p.m. in his sleep. He was 99 years old, less than 2 months from his centennial birthday. On October 1, 2008, the International Society for Rotary Blood Pumps (ISRBP) had planned to have his 100th birthday celebration in Houston as ISRBP's honorary President. This birthday celebration was to be held by inviting all members of ISBRP by the President of ISBRP, Dr. George Noon. The International Center for Medical Technologies (ICMT) would host this event for Dr. DeBakey. Originally, the 16th Congress of ISBRP was scheduled to be held this year in Salt Lake City, UT, USA by the Congress President, Dr. Jim Long. However, the board members of the society decided to hold the Congress in Houston in honor of Dr. DeBakey's 100th birthday. Dr. DeBakey initiated his professional life in Houston after his military service in 1948 and started at Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) and the Texas Medical Center (TMC). After approximately 50 years, the once third-class medical school became one of the top 10 medical schools and one of the largest medical centers in the world. At the entrance of the DeBakey Building at BCM, his portrait watches over us all the time (Fig. 1). The TMC is composed of 130 buildings, 16 hospitals, and 46 institutions. Patient visits/year total 5.5 million that provides approximately $10 billion/year economic impact to the city of Houston (Fig. 2). When this author completed 25 years of tenure at the Cleveland Clinic as the Chairman of the Department of Artificial Organs in 1990, Dr. DeBakey asked this author to help him to develop a successful center for Artificial Organ Development at BCM. This author was extremely grateful at that time that Dr. DeBakey offered this position that did not require any retirement due to age—the same as the position held by him at BCM. Dr. DeBakey maintained active in his position of Professor of Surgery for exactly 60 years until he passed away on July 11, 2008. He came to his office everyday. As a matter of fact, Dr. DeBakey was anxious for this author together with Dr. George Noon to initiate an experimental nonpulsatile total artificial heart program utilizing two MicroMed-DeBakey–Noon axial flow pumps 1 week before his death. Until his death, he was continuously dedicated to the development of better artificial organs and better cardiovascular surgery. One of his earliest contributions, a roller pump for blood transfusion (Fig. 3A), was developed when he was a medical student at Tulane University in 1934 (Fig. 3B). These DeBakey blood pumps were utilized for the first successful cardiopulmonary bypass by Dr. John Gibbons, Jr. in 1953. Dr. Gibbons had previously tried unsuccessfully to utilize a metal finger pump, but it was not dependable for clinical cardiopulmonary bypass (Fig. 4). Even now the majority of open-heart surgeries have been conducted by the roller pumps introduced by Dr. DeBakey. This is the first clinically applied nonpulsatile blood pump. Thus, he was asked to be the honorary president of ISRBP. As you know, the nonpulsatile blood pump is a smaller, simpler, less expensive yet effective pump as compared with the traditional pulsatile blood pump. Modern vascular surgery was initiated by him introducing a hand-made vascular prosthesis. Dr. DeBakey introduced a vascular prosthesis he himself fabricated utilizing a domestic sewing machine and Dacron fabrics utilized for white shirts (Fig. 5). In the field of cardiac prostheses, he had the first successful left ventricular assist device implantation for bridge to recovery in 1967 (Fig. 6). For this application the pump utilized for this patient was developed by Dr. DeBakey together with the engineering team at the Rice University (Fig. 7). Dr. DeBakey has been the Dean of the International Faculty of ICMT for 10 years. We asked him Artificial Organs 32(9):661–666, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2008, Copyright the Authors Journal compilation © 2008, International Center for Artificial Organs and Transplantation and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The current discussion of religious language has reached the point where it needs to become more specific. Religious language is not all of one sort, and it cannot be neatly separated from the variety of ways in which language functions in contexts not generally recognized as religious. This means that we must investigate carefully the variety of modes of language used by religious men, noting carefully the characteristics of each mode, the particular functions which each is intended to fulfill, and the kind of response from the hearer proper to each. Discussions in general of "myth," "symbol," "paradox," etc., may be helpful, but they are not sufficient. The manifold possibilities of language cannot be reduced to a few categories without loss. Therefore, the discussion will be furthered through study of important texts on the level of detail which has been characteristic of good Biblical exegesis. Biblical texts, in fact, are a good place for such study. Biblical scholarship has accumulated exegetical data and has developed scholarly skills which will be useful for the new task. Furthermore, we find in the Bible texts paradigmatic for religious expression, at least during the period of the Jewish-Christian tradition when men were unashamedly religious. To be sure, the discussion of religious language has attracted so much attention because traditional religious language, including Biblical language, has become dubious, because there has been a failure of language, and many who are concerned with the continuing vitality of Christian language find the problem, but not the answer, in the Bible. However, Biblical language is not simply identical with the language which has failed. The Bible contains a great variety of modes of language, a fact often ignored by its readers. Therefore, it may offer possibilities as well as problems for those interested in the continuing vitality of Christian language.


Recent trends in the leveraged loan market towards weaker creditor protection have raised concerns regarding the credit risk of loans originated and then sold to Collateralized Loan Obligations (''CLOs''). Relaxed due diligence on the part of CLO managers in the acquisition and sale of leveraged loans has the potential to exacerbate unmodeled systemic risk, or frailty. In this paper I examine a channel through which CLOs may contribute to the frailty posed by these trends: herding by CLO managers when they buy or sell a loan in the secondary markets. Consistent with a moral hazard hypothesis, the propensity to herd is negatively and significantly associated with the CLO performance. Consistent with its potential to exacerbate frailty, herding is positively related to the correlated holdings of collateralized assets. I also provide evidence that CLO managers engage in herding due to reputational concerns. The risk retention rule that increases CLO managers skin in the game significantly reduced herding.


Live-cell imaging of the exocyst subunit Sec8 reveals how the protein's spatiotemporal dynamics correlate with its roles in vesicle fusion.


Conventional analysis of spectral induced polarization (SIP) data consists of measuring impedances over a range of frequencies, followed by spectral analysis to estimate spectral parameters. For the quantitative and accurate estimation of subsurface SIP parameter distribution, however, a sophisticated and stable inversion technique is required. In this study, we have developed a two-step inversion approach to obtain the two-dimensional distribution of SIP parameters. In the first inversion step, all the SIP data measured over a range of frequencies are simultaneously inverted, adopting cross regularisation of model complex resistivities at each frequency. The cross regularisation makes it possible to enhance the noise characteristics of the inversion by imposing a strong assumption, that complex resistivities should show similar characteristics over a range of frequencies. In numerical experiments, we could verify that our inversion approach successfully reduced inversion artefacts. As a second step, we have also developed an inversion algorithm to obtain SIP parameters based on the Cole–Cole model, in which frequency-dependent complex resistivities from the first step are inverted to obtain a two-dimensional distribution of SIP parameters. In numerical tests, the SIP parameter images showed a fairly good match with the exact model, which suggests that SIP imaging can provide a very useful subsurface image to complement resistivity.


This article reviews the form and function of music at the Ketoprak Dor show that grew and developed in the land of Deli North Sumatra as a culture owned by the Javanese Deli community group. Departing from the phenomenon of the existence of the performance of Ketoprak Dor art in several areas inhabited by the majority of Javanese in the villages around Deli plantations, it led the author to begin to explore the problem of musical elements as one of the most important parts of this performance. Based on the study conducted by the author, it is indicated that the elements that form the Ketoprak Dor show have their own uniqueness, and can be distinguished from similar art in the island of Java. The forming elements of the show are: elements of dance, literature, fashion, stage, theater, motion and dance and elements of music have their own characteristics, and are very different from the ketoprak that is on the island of Java. On this occasion the author only specializes in the discussion of musical elements in the Ketoprak Dor performance art, which is about how the form of music and its function in the Ketoprak Dor performance art.


Abstract Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic infestation of the central nervous system and is the main cause of acquired epilepsy in developing countries. In pregnancy, neurocysticercosis is a rare, but important cause of first-time convulsions. We report a case of a 23-year-old woman at 30 weeks of gestation with hypertension complicating pregnancy who had three episodes of tonic-clonic seizures at home. She had no past history of convulsions. Her pregnancy was terminated in view of eclampsia. Later, CT imaging of the brain showed spherical ring-enhancing lesions and a diagnosis of neurocysticercosis was made. Neurocysticercosis should be considered in pregnant women presenting with seizures especially in early pregnancy. Keywords: Neurocysticercosis, Eclampsia, Taenia solium


e24067 Background: Advance Care Planning (ACP) ensures that patients receive care that is in line with their values and preferences. ACP is best done in the outpatient setting. Despite recognizing the importance of ACP, the rates of ACP completion continue to be low. We conducted a retrospective study to determine the rates of ACP in a resident run primary care clinic in Hartford, Connecticut, which serves the underserved community. We looked at patient characteristics to find correlation with ACP completion. We also aimed to determine the reasons which could decrease the completion of ACP. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review. Patients who met any of the inclusion criteria [i) Age>65 ii) End stage renal disease on dialysis iii) Metastatic/Recurrent cancer iv) End stage heart failure v) COPD Gold stage D] and were seen in the primary care clinic from September 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 were selected. Their charts were reviewed to see if ACP was documented during primary care visits over the past two years. The demographics of the patients were noted. Subsequently, a survey was distributed to residents to determine the possible causes of low rates of ACP discussion. Results: The characteristics of the 373 patients included in the study are shown in Table 1. Only 14 (3.8%) of the 373 had documentation of ACP during their primary care visits. The characteristics of the 14 patients in whom ACP was done are as follows: Sex- Female 9/14 (64%); Ethnicity- Hispanic 10/14 (71%), African American 4/14 (29%); Religious Affiliation- Christian 13/14 (93%), None 1/14 (7%); Married/Partner 2/14 (14%). Patient demographics including sex (p 0.6), religious beliefs (p 0.8), and marital status (p 0.6) did not show any correlation with the likelihood of ACP completion. Of the 31 residents who answered the survey, the most commonly listed barriers to ACP completion were the following: lack of time to conduct these discussions (94%), forgetting to conduct ACP discussions (48%), and lack of training (19%). All the residents believed that ACP discussion was beneficial to patients and medical providers. Conclusions: The rates of ACP planning in our clinic are much lower than the national average. African American and Hispanics, who make up the majority of our clinic population, traditionally have had low rates of ACP completion. This is an important issue that needs to be addressed. Advance care planning training should be also be strengthened during residency. [Table: see text]


he paper seeks to examine the impact of technical progress on output T growth in Nigeria's manufacturing sector for the last four decades (1985-2015). This paper uses the Cobb-Douglas production function and econometric analysis to shed more light on the impact of technical progress on the manufacturing output growth in Nigeria. The method of data analysis was the simple least square regression technique applied on time series data obtained from the Annual Statistical Abstract and Industrial Surveys of the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics (NBS) for the period under consideration. The paper reveals that the contribution of technical progress to output growth in the manufacturing sector is low. The weak performance confirms the existence of weak technological base which is largely responsible for the stunted growth of manufacturing output in the country. The paper recommends that government and policymakers should focus on practical science and technology development as well as encouraging research and development (R&D) at the enterprise level so as to boost manufacturing output and expand the production possibility frontier of Nigeria, amongst other recommendations.


The Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) project is mapping the extent, size, and severity of all large fires greater than 1,000 acres in the west and 500 acres in the east over the conterminous United States (CONUS), Alaska, and Hawaii. In 2012 the project reached a milestone, completing the mapping for all fires between 1984 and 2010. The MTBS project produces geospatial and tabular data using a consistent protocol for fire trend analysis at a range of spatial, temporal, and thematic scales. This paper reviews the objectives of the MTBS project, describes the data sets and information provided, and presents results of the analysis of the 1984-2010 MTBS data set for the United States.


Herein we present the exceptionally high oxygen buffer action of ceria quantum dots of size 3.7 nm. Ceria nanoparticles were obtained via a facile ammonia precipitation route, and were characterized using TEM, XRD, BET surface area analysis, XPS analysis and TPR study using H2 as the probe molecule. A supercharging effect that leads to low temperature oxygen release is observed in these ultra-fine ceria particles. Existence of under stoichiometry in the ceria nanostructures with practically no oxygen vacancies has been substantiated with experimental proof.


The paper briefly describes the diffraction method for measuring the diameter of long-length products such as metal wire, optical fiber, chemical fiber, metal ingots or nonmetal. A method and optical device for monitoring the diameter and surface temperature of such products are proposed. The main advantage of the proposed method is to monitoring the parameters of the heated product even on the defocused image. In this paper we propose a set of methods that can improve the accuracy of measuring the diameter and temperature of such products. The methods are based on optical phenomena and digital image processing methods.