* Chairman, Department of Pediatrics, Delaware Valley Hospital, Bristol, Pa., and Parkview Hospital, Philadelphia. ** Associate Pediatrician, Delaware Valley Hospital, Bristol, Pa., and Parkview Hospital, Philadelphia. Mailing address: 1621 Farragut Avenue, Bristol, Pa. 1pEVEN the most valuable drugs may produce troublesome side effects. Recently one of our patients experienced a phenothiazineinduced extrapyramidal reaction, and this prompted us to review our experience with this problem. Phenothiazines, although valuable and widely used, have reportedly shown frequent side effects, particularly extrapyramidal reactions.


Long Yingtai was a Taiwanese representative at the first Greater East Asia Literary Conference in 1941, Zhou Jinbo was the Taiwanese representative at the second. At these conferences they published papers concerning the themes of war and literature as well as the rhetoric of Japanese imperialism; the times in which they lived left them deeply ingrained in the imperial mobilization effort for the Pacific war, and in the idea of risking their own lives. This essay sets out to compare these two authors, exploring their impotence and dejection as they looked on at everything that happened, particularly in Zhou Jinbo's later works, such as 'Climate, faith and sickness' (Qihou, xinyang he suji), 'Homesickness' (Xiangchou), and 'Untitled' (Wuti) and in Long Yingzong's novels. Their work is filled with an irrevocable sense of fate, a sense of passive loss thrust upon them by the hand of fate and the changing times, which lends it the tone of a funeral dirge for the impending destruction of the Taiwanese folk and their land under the colonial regime. The themes of 'death' and 'disappearance' appear prominently in the work of both writers. The first part of this thesis starts by exploring the context of the works of Long Yingzong and Zhou Jinbo, including their experience of the Kominka movement, the war, literary events and literary movements that contributed to the production of their work. Firstly, Japanese imperial policies harnessed education, social structures and Shinto religious beliefs to promote traditional Japanese culture and beliefs, completely replacing Taiwanese customs; at the same time, the Kominka movement combined 'assimilation' with 'enlightenment' in their civilizing imperialist policies under the guise of modernization, in fact the Kominka education policies had hidden religious aspects to them which put them in conflict with 'modernization'. The works of both Long Yingzong and Zhou Jinbo reflect their preoccupations and doubts about the policies that colonial Taiwan was faced with. Long Yingzong uses countless dead to represent the hopelessness and emptiness that young Taiwanese people felt in their pointless deaths under the reality of the colonial regime; Zhou Jinbo, in his work, tirelessly attempted to differentiate between modernization and the Kominka movement, and how they had been fused under the colonial regime, at the same time he recognized that as Kominka was perceived to be the same as modernization, this would be the sorrowful end to Taiwanese folkways and customs, chased out by Japanese culture. The second part deals with how the differences in the authors' backgrounds affected their writing. Long Yingzong's poverty-stricken background, meant that he was helpless but to confront the harsh and turbulent reality with which Taiwan was faced, it also meant that the outlook of the young Taiwanese characters he created was very different from the 'leadership' mentality held by the young elite returning from study abroad that feature heavily in Zhou Jinbo's work, rather reflecting the frustration and impotence of the non-elite Taiwanese intellectual class. However, from the perspective of that which they shared in terms of background, a time in which literature had been tainted by the hues of war, the two authors were ostensibly in line with colonial policy, forwarding the trope in which the Taiwanese should die as Japanese. At the same time as they were eulogizing the greatness of sacrificing oneself for Japan, their work also satirizes the meaninglessness of the imperial mobilization of young Taiwanese for the cause. From this perspective, Long Yingzong and Zhou Jinbo both wrote about the reality of colonial Taiwan, that Taiwanese dead were just sacrificial lambs in the Japanese imperial war, their acts of sacrifice seen in turns as both heroic and hollow, as both grand and trivial.


AbstrAct: Keyphrases precisely express the primary topics and themes of documents and are valuable for cataloging and classification. Manually assigning keyphrases to existing documents is a tedious task; therefore, automatic keyphrase generation has been extensively used to classify digital documents. Existing automatic keyphrase generation algorithms are limited in assigning semantically relevant keyphrases to documents. In this paper we have proposed a methodology to refine the result set of automatically generated keyphrases by Keyphrase Extraction Algorithm (KEA++), so that the key-phrases accurately and precisely represent the content of the document. Our approach is an additional layer at the top of KEA++ and exploits semantic relationships and hierarchical structure of the controlled vocabulary to filter out irrelevant keyphrases from the result set generated by KEA++. The methodology was applied on different sets of academic publications for evaluation. Evaluation demonstrates that the proposed refinement methodology improves the quality of generated keyphrases.


We consider the skew diffusion processes and their simulation. This study are divided into four parts and concentrate on the processes whose coefficients are piecewise constant with discontinuities along a simple hyperplane. We start by a theoretical study of the one-dimensional case when the coefficients belong to a broader class. We particularly give a result on the structure of the resolvent densities of these processes and obtain a computational method. When it is possible, we perform a Laplace inversion of these densities and provide some transition functions. Then we concentrate on the simulation of skew diffusions process. We build a numerical scheme using the resolvent density for any Feller processes. With this scheme and the resolvent densities computed in the previous part, we obtain a simulation method for the skew diffusion processes in dimension one. After that, we consider the multidimensional case. We provide a theoretical study and compute some functionals of the skew diffusions processes. This allows to obtain among others the transition function of the marginal process orthogonal to the hyperplane of discontinuity. Finally, we consider the parallelization of Monte Carlo methods. We provide a strategy which allows to simulate a large batch of skew diffusions processes sample paths on massively parallel architecture. An interesting feature is the possibility to replay some the sample paths of previous simulations.


Complex I, a component of the electron transport chain, plays a central functional role in cell bioenergetics and the biology of free radicals. The structural and functional N module of complex I is one of the main sites of the generation of free radicals. The NDUFV2 subunit/N1a cluster is a component of this module. Furthermore, the rate of free radical production is linked to animal longevity. In this review, we explore the hypothesis that NDUFV2 is the only conserved core subunit designed with a regulatory function to ensure correct electron transfer and free radical production, that low gene expression and protein abundance of the NDUFV2 subunit is an evolutionary adaptation needed to achieve a longevity phenotype, and that these features are determinants of the lower free radical generation at the mitochondrial level and a slower rate of aging of long‐lived animals.


Dynamical decoupling is the leading technique to remove unwanted interactions in a vast range of quantum systems through fast rotations. But what determines the time-scale of such rotations in order to achieve good decoupling? By providing an explicit counterexample of a qubit coupled to a charged particle and magnetic monopole, we show that such time-scales cannot be decided by the decay profile induced by the noise: even though the system shows a quadratic decay (a Zeno region revealing non-Markovian noise), it cannot be decoupled by periodic spin echo pulses, no matter how fast the rotations.


When designing service-learning programs, catch-words like 'community engagement' and 'community partners' comes to mind. As undergraduate students seeking funding for research-service projects abroad, we are told to work with and through 'the community' and to have 'community-centered' project design. The dominant rhetoric gives rise to a homogenizing and simplifying view of 'community' that is implicit to 'community engagement' initiatives. In June 2010, we traveled to Belize on a research grant with the goal of installing slow-sand water filters in a rural community. Our perceptions of 'community' profoundly shaped the way we designed and implemented our project, and we quickly found that our initial conception of the 'community' was incorrect. We saw that there is a large difference between how the 'community' is treated in service-learning discourse and actual on-the-ground realities. This paper offers a unique student perspective on the definition of 'community.' We hope that other students will learn from our experiences and that educators will be able to more critically examine how the concept of 'community' is presented to students. KEYWORDS service-learning; community engagement; definition of community; student perspective


A new class of optical devices is proposed -- optical fuzzy sensors, or optical fuzzifiers. The devices make fuzzification process in fuzzy logic controllers easier and faster because convert input crisp data into output fuzzy sets. The optical fuzzy sensors may be used for fuzzy expert systems also.


Applications of microwave radar, imaging, security and communication technology require cost-effective implementation of intelligent electronic control antenna systems. In this paper, an original low cost radiator system at WirelessLAN frequencies has been carried out. This system is capable not only of steering the radiating data signal, but also to radiate noise signals in any other direction with a minimum at the appointment of interest. The up converter electronic control system is based in two PHEMT active mixers to supply the antenna array. The antenna consists of three patches exciting by slot. The external radiators are exciting in phase opposite for obtaining the radiation pattern at the interest direction and the internal one is exciting in phase giving a null at the same direction and noise at the rest. Experimental characterization has shown a good behavior.


Abstract The standard rotation-vibration decoupling approximation for liquid water is tested using a method based on the split of the molecular dipole fluctuation correlation function into pure rotational, pure vibrational and crossed terms. Our results corroborate the total decoupling between vibrational and rotational motions in liquid water at ambient conditions and provide a tool able to test the reliability of this approximation for molecular liquids at different states.


Attempts were made to localize the site of replication of polyoma virus DNA in mouse embryo cells. Although newly synthesized viral DNA was clearly confined within the nucleus, no evidence was found to indicate that replication takes place either on the nuclear membrane, or in the nucleolus, or in association with any other large structure. In all nuclear fractions examined, the mature and replicative forms of the viral DNA were found in the same proportions, but as parts of DNA–protein complexes with unique sedimentation properties.


This note examines the sensitivity of the basic economic-order-quantity inventory model to lot-size errors when holding costs are assumed to be a strictly increasing (though not necessarily linear) function of average inventory. In particular, we show that the penalty associated with ordering either too much or too little is a function not only of the size of the error but of the shape of the holding-cost curve as well. We demonstrate that, under certain conditions, even relatively small lot-size errors can be extremely costly.


For the problem of mobile service selection, this paper gives a context-aware service selection algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm. In this algorithm, a tree encoding method, a fitness function, and a fitness-better strategy were proposed. The tree encoding mode made Genetic Algorithm support selection of various types of service combinations, for example, sequence composition, concurrence composition, probability composition, and loop composition. According to the encoding method, a fitness function was designed specially. The fitness-better strategy gives the direction of population evolution and avoids the degradation of population fitness. Some experiments analyses show that the provided service selection algorithm can get better service composition.


Laser Doppler velocity meter with microlens at the end of the fiber tract is described. Experimental data on the effect of aperture characteristics of the fiber by the width of the output signal.


Effect of the magnitude of lipid lowering on risk of elevated liver enzymes, rhabdomyolysis, and cancer: insights from large statin trials. Pollicino C, et al. Cholesterol treatment trialists' (CCT) collaborators. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90 056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. on behalf of the PROSPER study group. Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): a randomised controlled trial. et al.; for the UPID Investigators. Benefits of pravastatin on cardiovascular events and mortality in older patients with coronary heart disease are equal to or exceed those seen in younger patients: results from the LIPID Trial. et al.; for the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial Investigators. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Gaber A, et al. HMG-CoA reductase expression in breast cancer is associated with a less aggressive phenotype and influenced by anthropometric factors. et al. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) increase endothelial progenitor cells via the PI 3-kinase/Akt pathway. 36. Pearson GW, Hunter T. PI-3 kinase activity is necessary for ERK1/2-induced disruption of mammary epithelial architecture. on behalf of the TNT Steering Committee and Investigators. Beneficial effects of aggressive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering in women with stable coronary heart disease in the Treating to new Targets (TNT) study. Sir, We present a case of an 81-year-old female presenting with one week worsening dyspnea on exertion Figure 1. Electrocardiogram showing ST depression in the inferolateral leads and ST elevation in aVR and V1-2.


In this article is considered social-economic problems on the basis of archives documents of State Archive of Astana. The author made his own conclusion about this problem.


Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide with a particularly high mortality rate. Treatment options for HCC are limited. Curative treatments including surgical resection and liver transplantation are only applicable to early diagnosed patients. For advanced HCC patients, the currently available first-line molecularly targeted medications are suffering from low rates of response and high inter-patients variability providing limited survival benefits. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are plasma membrane-associated protein kinases which control the activation of intracellular signal transductions in response to the extracellular stimuli. Activation of specific RTKs has been implicated in various kinds of human cancers, and pharmacological inhibition of cancer associated RTKs is one of the key strategies of modern targeted therapy. However, a comprehensive and systematic assessment of the RTKs dysregulations in terms of expression and mutation in HCC is still much awaited. In this study, RNA-sequencing analysis was performed in paired HCC tissues to examine the expression profiles of 58 RTKs. Also, the mutational status of these RTKs in HCC tissues was examined by targeted DNA-sequencing analysis. Our systemic analyses have revealed that Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 3 (HER3) was significantly upregulated and recurrently mutated in HCC. Independent qPCR analysis for HER3 in 101 paired HBV-associated HCC tumor and non-tumorous samples validated that HER3 was upregulated in HCC. More importantly, upregulation of HER3 was found to be significantly correlated with the presence of metastatic features of HCC including tumor microsatellite formation (p=0.015) and venous invasion (p=0.001). Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) is the best-known ligand for HER3. Stimulation of HER3 activation by the ligand NRG-1 could induce HER3 phosphorylation, and activate the downstream PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, and signficantly promoted the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. Conversely, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HER3 knockout in Huh7 and PLC cells significantly reduced the NRG-1 induced functional changes. Consistently, our preliminary results demonstrated that HER3 knockout Huh7 cells forms relatively smaller tumors in a subcutaneous tumor xenograft model in vivo. Together, our results demonstrated that HER3 dysregulation plays a supporting role in HCC development. Targeting HER3 may potentially derive new therapeutic strategy for treatment of HCC. Citation Format: Sheung In Ming, Lo Kong Chan, Daniel W.H. Ho, Irene O.L. Ng. Examination of the epidermal growth factor 3 (HER3) dysregulations in hepatocellular carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 3757.


We fabricated hybrid complementary inverters with n-channel zinc oxide (ZnO) transistors as the n-type inorganic material and p-channel organic transistors using pentacene as the p-type organic material. The complementary inverter exhibited a large voltage gain of 10 to 12 and a cutoff frequency of 0.5 kHz. ZnO thin film transistors show n-type semiconducting properties having field-effect mobility of 2.1×10−3 cm2/Vs. On the other hand, pentacene thin film transistors show p-type semiconducting properties having field-effect mobility of 3.2×10−2 cm2/Vs. We describe basic charge transfer characteristics of ZnO thin films. The results obtained here demonstrate that it is important for the transistor using ZnO to be injected charge from electrode to semiconducting material effectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 92(9): 36–42, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10085


The present invention provides a modified synthetic gasoline has a true boiling point (TBP) in the range of 50-300 deg.] C, a sulfur content below 1ppm, 1ppm or less nitrogen content, aromatics content between 0.01% -35% by weight, an olefin content between 0.01 to 45%, benzene content at 1.00 wt% or less, an oxygen content of between 0.5-3.0% by weight, more than 80 RON and MON of 80 or more. The present invention also provides a method for producing a modified synthetic gasoline, synthetic products wherein Tropsch synthesis reaction fed to the cracking reactor to produce a synthetic gasoline stream by the fee, and followed by an oxidation reactor, and optionally one kind of MTBE reactor composition dehydrocyclodimerization C5 reactor and isomerization reactor, making this synthetic gasoline stream fractionation and modification. This modification can be used for the synthesis of gasoline as a fuel.


Financial reporting of the repo and reverse repo transactions is assessed in this study taking into account international accounting and financial reporting standards. Firstly, the related principles envisaged in IAS 32, IAS 39 and IFRS 7 are considered and then the question of whether financial reporting practices of the banks and the intermediary institutions operating in Turkey are compliant with these principles or not is searched. Lastly, proposed amendments regarding the derecognition of the financial assets in IAS 39 and IFRS 7 by IASB are assessed in order to develop answers for the questions of what they will change the financial reporting of repo and reverse repo transactions how they will effect the accounting practices of the banks and intermediary institutions and repo and reverse repo market. It looks that some grey areas in the proposed amendments need the reassessment.


We present single-dish H I spectra obtained with the Green Bank Telescope, along with optical photometric properties from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, of 20 nearby (D ≲ 70 Mpc) luminous compact blue galaxies (LCBGs). These ~L*, blue, high surface brightness, starbursting galaxies were selected using the same criteria as were used to define LCBGs at higher redshifts. We find that these galaxies are gas-rich, with MH i ranging from 5 × 108 to 8 × 109 M☉ and MH iL ranging from 0.2 to 2 M☉ L, consistent with a variety of morphological types of galaxies. We find that the dynamical masses (measured within R25) span a wide range, from 1 to 1 × 1011 M☉. However, at least half have dynamical mass-to-light ratios smaller than those of nearby galaxies of all Hubble types, as found for LCBGs at intermediate redshifts. By comparing line widths and effective radii with local galaxy populations, we find that LCBGs are consistent with the dynamical mass properties of Magellanic (low luminosity) spiral galaxies and the more massive irregular and dwarf elliptical galaxies, such as NGC 205.


Stroke survivors and their carers face a multitude of challenges. Literature suggests the need for new approaches to address an identified lack in the provision of information following discharge from hospital. This exploratory study evaluates the effects of a program using stroke survivors and their carers (defined as mentors) to provide information on available services and resources to current stroke in-patients and their carers in an acute setting. Mentoring has been successfully used in breast cancer, ischaemic heart disease and traumatic brain injury but an extensive literature search has found no evidence of evaluation of this form of intervention in


On the occasion of the 200th birthday of Hermann Günther Grassmann1 (1809– 1877), an international and inter-disciplinary conference took place from the 16th to the 19th September 2009 in Potsdam and Szczecin. For four days more than 75 scientists from four continents – mathematicians, logicians, softand hardware specialists, physicists, engineers, historians, philosophers, scholars of religious studies, pedagogues, Indologists, musicologists, and many more – participated in an inter-disciplinary dialogue on the work of Grassmann and his significance for current research. Shortly before this conference, the first comprehensive English-language biography of Grassmann appeared,Hermann Grassmann – Biography. In addition, the newly published volume Hermann Grassmann – Roots and Traces presents many previously unpublished documents on the life and work of Grassmann and his family. The present book, which includes the Proceedings of the Bicentennial Conference as well as additional documents related to Grassmann, is the third and concluding volume of this Grassmann-Trilogy.2


Background: The global increase in tobacco smoking with a water pipe (hookah, narghile, or shisha) has made understanding its health consequences imperative. One key to developing this understanding is identifying and quantifying carcinogens and other toxicants present in water pipe smoke. To do so, the toxicant yield of machine-generated water pipe smoke has been measured. However, the relevance of toxicant yields of machine-generated smoke to actual human exposure has not been established. Methods: In this study, we examined whether carbon monoxide (CO) and nicotine yields measured with a smoking machine programmed to replicate the puffing behavior of 31 human participants who smoked a water pipe could reliably predict these participants' blood-level exposure. In addition to CO and nicotine, yields of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, volatile aldehydes, nitric oxide (NO), and "tar" were measured. Results: We found that when used in this puff-replicating manner, smoking machine yields are highly correlated with blood-level exposure (nicotine: r > 0.76, P < 0.001; CO: r > 0.78, P < 0.001). Total drawn smoke volume was the best predictor of toxicant yield and exposure, accounting for approximately 75% to 100% of the variability across participants in yields of NO, CO, volatile aldehydes, and tar, as well as blood-level CO and normalized nicotine. Conclusions: Machine-based methods can be devised in which smoke toxicant yields reliably track human exposure. Impact: This finding indicates the basic feasibility of valid analytic laboratory evaluation of tobacco products for regulatory purposes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(11); 2457–60. ©2011 AACR.


1but the behavioral health consequences for them have been well documented. These historical events have been linked to acculturation stress and identity conflicts, and rapid social change has been associated with significant health problems among Indigenous young people. 2–5 Conversely, studies have consistently found robust correlations between positive affiliation and engagement with their culture and Indigenous young people's well-being and resilience. 6–9 Resilience, consists in the processes by which people overcome life challenges to achieve their sense of well-being. Although the connection between culture and these processes are clear, previous studies have neglected to describe how cultural identity plays into Indigenous youth wellness and resilience. Specifically, they have failed to explain how a strong and positive link to their culture supports young people, especially as they encounter and respond to hardships. In this article, I will present a model for understanding the role of ethnic identity development in Indigenous youth resilience and will point to the value of historical consciousness in that process.


Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDPEs) and, for the first time, methoxy-polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDPEs) have been positively identified and quantified in various biotic samples including herring, salmon, seal, man (only PBDPEs), and commercial fish oils. The presence of these compounds was confirmed in the above samples by mass spectra and accurate mass determinations and verified by comparisons to gas chromatography− mass spectrometry (GC−MS) of available reference material. Concentrations were measured by GC−MS and found to vary from the low to moderate nanogram per gram of lipid range, with the highest levels in seal blubber and salmon muscle. Data for the studied samples suggest that these compounds bioconcentrate. The presence of polychlorinated diphenyl ethers and methoxy polychlorinated diphenyl ethers was indicated in a screened seal tissue. Potential environmental sources of the MeO-PBDPEs are discussed.


Poster: "ECR 2013 / C-0480 / Quantitative diffusion tensor tractography of the cingulum: reproducibility, normal values and findings in traumatic brain injury" by: "T. Kurki, O. Tenovuo; Turku/FI"


Abstract : The project has produced new computational models and algorithms for coordination, prediction and planning in situations involving multiple decision makers that operate over an extended period of time in either collaborative or adversarial domains. This includes the development of the decentralized partially-observable Markov decision process (DEC-POMDP) model, memory-bounded algorithm for solving finite-horizon DEC-POMDPs, sparse representations of agent strategies using finite-state controllers, bounded policy iteration algorithms for infinite-horizon DEC-POMDPs, and algorithms for solving DEC-POMDPs using non-linear optimization methods. The project produced the best existing exact algorithms for these problems as well as scalable approximation techniques and benchmark problems that are now widely used within the multi-agent systems community. The report describes these research accomplishments and provides references to published papers and PhD dissertations that include detailed descriptions of the results.


Changes in the structure and magnetic properties of Fe-N films prepared by ion-assisted vapor deposition were examined, varying the ion current density and substrate temperature. The film structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques and the magnetic anisotropy was evaluated by torque curve measurements. When both the ion current density and the substrate temperature are low, a uniaxial anisotropy is induced by ion bombardment. The origin of the uniaxial anisotropy is not known. With increasing ion current density and substrate temperature, a cubic film texture develops, and an anisotropy with four-fold symmetry appears. As the directions of closest-packed atoms in the film microstructure are coincident with the direction of ion incidence, it is thought that the dependence of the sputtering yield on the grain orientation causes the texture development. The results of experiments using other ion species (Ar, Ne) are also indicated.


A variable-voltage hybrid-electric powertrain is constructed and tested to acquire data and understand the fundamental characteristics of the system. The powertrain is examined component by component, with over 500 test points, from the engine alone to the engine–generator, to the engine–generator with four distributed propulsors, in an instrumented test bed. The principal conclusion is that generator voltage is a key parameter that needs careful control relative to rotor speed to minimize engine-specific fuel consumption. For any operating state—defined by rotor torque and revolutions per minute (RPM)—the generator voltage should be minimized. In general, the system is influenced more by the engine–generator than electric motors. Hence greater rotor torque and lower rotor RPM is desired in general, implying the need for collective control on the rotor. The overall understanding gained from this work is that the effectiveness of a hybrid-electric powertrain for vertical take-off and landing is closely coupled with controls and aeromechanics. Reliable design and simulation will require integration with these disciplines—a powerplant designed in isolation will be suboptimal. The data reported in this paper can provide a basis to build and validate models that can be used for this purpose.


The invention discloses a cylinder cover combustion system of a middle-arranged oil atomizer for a direct-injection gasoline engine. The system comprises a cylinder cover, air inlet valves, an oil atomizer, a spark plug, air exhaust valves, an air inlet channel and an air exhaust channel, wherein the oil atomizer is arranged on the top surface of the cylinder cover, a connecting line of the oil atomizer and the spark plug is perpendicular to a vertical center line of an air cylinder, the oil atomizer is arranged at an air inlet side, and the spark plug is arranged at an air exhaust side. The cylinder cover combustion system of the middle-arranged oil atomizer is very compact, and under the condition that the position relation between the oil atomizer and the spark plug is reasonably arranged, namely, the combustion stability is effectively guaranteed, an arrangement relation of a cylinder cover combustion chamber of the middle-arranged oil atomizer for a gasoline engine with high power per liter is provided.


The two immiscible liquid phases in equilibrium with a single liquid phase have been observed during the phase diagram study of an organic analog of a metal–nonmetal system involving pentachloropyridine (PCP)–succinonitrile (SCN). The phase equilibrium shows the formation of a monotectic and a eutectic, with large miscibility gap in the system, containing 0.0456 and 0.9658 mole fractions of SCN, respectively, and the consolute temperature being 99.0 °C above the monotectic horizontal line. The heat of mixing, entropy of fusion, roughness parameter, interfacial energy, and excess thermodynamic functions were calculated based on enthalpy of fusion data determined via the differential scanning calorimetry method. The effects of solid–liquid interfacial energy on morphology of monotectic structure as well as the variation of interfacial energies with temperature have been discussed. The microstructures of monotectic and eutectic show peculiar characteristic features. The material properties of PCP and PCP doped with SCN crystals, grown by the Bridgman–Stockbarger method, have been studied via studying second harmonic generation efficiency, transparency range, and mechanical hardness.


This article examines the creative manipulation of translation theorizing and practice in Vital d'Audiguier's French version of the Persiles. In paratexts, in episodes of the novel that represent France and Spain, and in interjections by Cervantes' fictional translator-narrator, the French translator fashions himself as a figure of authority, posing a bold challenge to Cervantes' own prestige. Latching on to the structures of fictional translation already present in the original novel, d'Audiguier depicts himself as the 'corrector' of the Spanish master and 'author' of a more perfect text in French than could ever have been possible in the original Castilian. D'Audiguier's work reflects the deep contradictions in seventeenth-century thinking about translation, and indicates the purposes for which individual translators exploited them.


The present invention relates to a gait generation method of a humanoid robot, particularly to generate the walking pattern of the humanoid robot how to walk in any of a variety of walking direction and the walking range. Gait generating method of a humanoid robot according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the steps determining the ZMP position that will later walking according to the direction of movement of the humanoid robot, using a cycle step module the walking pattern generated according to the ZMP position information a second step of obtaining a first condition for, the method comprising: generating a walking pattern of the ZMP and COM for the initial step, depending on the initial value obtained from the initial state of the first condition and the humanoid robot by using the transient step the module, a top step module used in 2 it includes generating the walking pattern of the ZMP and COM for the last step with the steps of generating a walking pattern of the ZMP and COM for the top step in accordance with the ZMP position information, the transient step module. Humanoid, walking robot, walking modules, zero moment point, the total center of mass, inverted pendulum model


To effectively mitigate the tremendous pressure on livestock/poultry sector to fulfil the gap between demand and supply of livestock/poultry food products, the genetic improvement is one of the methods that can be employed to improve the production efficiency of livestock/poultry. In most of the farm animals/poultry, crossbreeding and different approaches for combining ability is generally employed to utilize the advantage of heterosis and to make a perfect combination of different traits which are of economic importance (Razuki and Al-Shaheen, 2011). In species with high prolificacy and short generation interval, such as swine and poultry, the diallel crossing system is most commonly used. A diallel cross is a scheme of mating which has been utilized for investigating the genetic underpinnings of traits with quantitative nature (Crusio et al., 1984). In it, all the available parents are crossed in such a way that so as to make hybrids in all possible combinations, with the main aim to identify the genetic makeup with most profitable combination (Orengo et al., 2009). Since, it is difficult to manage full diallel crosses when the number of parents are large, thus in such cases, several International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 8 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Concentrated solutions of naphthalene in toluene and in cyclohexane show a pronounced structureless excimer emission band, whose profile is unchanged in the presence of various quenching agents.


Reports from Europe (Nicol and Edwards, Brit. J. Venereal Diseases 29:141, 1953) have previously indicated that the common human genital mycoplasma which produces "large colonies" on agar is Mycoplasma hominis type 1. "Large colony" refers to the cultural characteristic that differentiates these strains from the T strains of Shepard (J. Bacteriol. 71:362, 1956). North American studies (Norman, Saslaw, and Kuhn, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 75:718, 1950) suggested that a different antigenic type of mycoplasma existed in the genital tract, and this was subsequently called "M. hominis type 2," the prototype being strain Campo. Recently, the nature of M. hominis type 2 has been questioned because of serological identity to M. arthritidis (Lemcke, J. Hyg. 62:199, 1964). In view of this uncertainty, and also because the frequency with which M. fermentans (Edward and Freundt, J. Gen. Microbiol. 14 :197, 1956) occurs in the human genital tract has not been evaluated, a study was made of the antigenic types of "large colony" human genital mycoplasmas. Vaginal swabs were taken from women admitted to the city jail. Urethral swabs and scrapings were obtained from both normal males and patients with nongonococcal urethritis. These swabs and scrapings were plated on PPLO Agar (Difco) supplemented with 10% horse serum, I % Oxoid yeast extract, and 1,000 units of penicillin per ml. The cultures were incubated by Fortner's method. "Large colony" mycoplasmas were subcultured in similar broth, and antigenic typing was performed by the growth-inhibition method of Clyde (J. Immunol. 92:958, 1964). Stock strains of the oral and genital human mycoplasmas were obtained from R. M. Chanock of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Md.; M. pneumoniae was obtained from G. E. Kenny, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. Rabbit antisera were obtained by the intravenous injection of saline-washed deposits of horse serum broth cultures. The injections were given three times weekly for 2 weeks, followed by a booster injection at the end of the third week. The rabbit antisera were tested by the growth-inhibition test of Edward and Fitzgerald (J. Pathol. Bacteriol. 68:23, 1954), by use of serial dilutions of the sera in agar. At a dilution of 1:20, complete inhibition of growth was obtained; this inhibition was absolutely strainspecific. No cross-inhibition occurred with any serum or strain. Partial inhibition was demonstrable with all sera in dilutions varying from 1:100 to 1:800. For the antigenic typing of unknown strains, the disc inhibition method of Clyde was found to be simple, specific, and easily read. A broth culture of the unknown strain was evenly spread over the surface of an agar plate, 0.1 ml for a plate 100 mm in diameter. After drying for 1 hr, six blotting-paper discs (6 mm in diameter) were placed equidistantly on the agar, each one having been previously moistened with approximately 0.02 ml of the respective typing antiserum. After 5 days of incubation at 37 C, the plates were examined for zones of inhibition around the discs. Of the 100 strains isolated from women, 94 were inhibited by M. hominis type 1 antiserum; none was inhibited by M. hominis type 2 antiserum. Six strains were inhibited by none of the antisera employed; each of these strains fermented glucose with the production of acid. They were considered to be M. fermentans-like strains, and were forwarded to R. M. Chanock for further antigenic study. All of 17 strains isolated from men were inhibited by M. hominis type 1 antiserum. It is concluded that M. hominis type 2 is not present in the genital tract of individuals in this city. It is also concluded that M. hominis type 1 is the usual "large colony" mycoplasma in the human genital tract, but that about 5% of "large colony" human genital strains are closely related to M. fermentans.


Aiming at the problem of network carbide in large-size bearing steel bars which could not be effectively controlled with the existing controlled cooling technology at a plant, through using a pre-water cooling box and combined with controlled cooling after rolling, the network carbide was effectively controlled. In order to establish a reasonable pre-water cooling technology, firstly, the temperature field of φ45 mm bearing steel in the stage of pre-water cooling was simulated by using finite element simulation software Marc, and then rolling industrial test was performed according to simulation results.The results indicate that: in the production of large-size bearing steel, using pre-water cooling box and adjusting its process parameters can achieve the low temperature rolling. Moreover, carbide precipitation is effectively restrained and the grade of the network carbide in the steel decreases with water pressure increasing. When the water pressure is 0.4MPa, the grade of the network carbide at core part is 2.0 and near quarter surface is 1.5, which meets the requirements of users.


Self concept is the core of a person's personality development pattern that affects a person's personality traits or personality which is divided into five aspects including; body image, self ideal, self esteem, self role and self identity (Hariyanto, 2013). Punk community is a social image of street children whose existence is considered unsettling for residents. One of the factors causing their entry into the street environment is the low level of education. The low level of education possessed by the punk community has an impact on the emergence of uncontrolled behavior resulting in aggressive behavior (Tentama, 2013). The general objective of this study was to determine the self concept of the punk community in Garut Regency in 2018. The research design was descriptive, data collection was carried out in the District of Garut Kota on 95 punk children with a total sampling technique. Data collection using questionnaires and direct interviews. Data analysis with frequency distribution based on the median value of each aspect of self concept. The results showed that almost all of the self concept in the punk community (73.68%) was positive and almost half (26.32) was negative. The results of research on each aspect of the self concept of punk community showed that the body image was mostly (67.37%) positive, the ideal self was mostly (60%) positive, the self esteem was mostly (72.63%) high, the self role was half (50.53%) was negative, and self identity was mostly (53.68%) negative. The punk community values themselves positively and feels more confident about doing activities in their daily lives and is able to accept themselves as they are. The negative stigma from society does not become an obstacle for them to behave well. The self concept of punk community in Garut Regency generally has a positive self concept


It has been reported that the absorption of sugars and amino acids from the small intestine can increase, decrease or remain unaltered after fasting or after restricted food intake (reviewed by Karasov & Diamond, 1983). At least part of the confusion produced by these contradictory interpretations arises because of a failure to standardise the morphological base intestinal weight, length or surface area to which transport rates are referred (Diamond et al. 1984). Since absorption takes place across the apical surfaces of villous epithelial cells, and since proximodistal gradients of regional transport rates are accompanied by gradients of villous surface area (Fisher & Parsons, 1949, 1950; Diamond et al. 1984), it is preferable to express physiological data in terms of surface areas rather than in terms of weight or length. Intestinal weight decreases following reduced food intake (Steiner, Bourges, Freedman & Gray, 1968; Debnam & Levin, 1975; Lipscomb & Sharp, 1982) and it has been shown that transport per mg of intestinal weight can increase in experimental animals even though transport per cm2 of villous surface area declines (Diamond et al. 1984). Unfortunately, little information is available on villous surface area in fasted animals or even in controls (Mayhew & Middleton, 1985). In this paper, advantage is taken of recent developments in intestinal morphometry (Mayhew, 1984) to investigate the effects of fasting on mucosal dimensions in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of rats. Special attention is given to the surface areas and volumes of villi.


The ion beams are produced by a cylindrical thermal contact‐ionization plasma source with an electrostatic lens system. The source plasma is produced at the inside surface of a 5‐mm‐diam 20‐mm‐long Re foil cylinder protected with a W cylinder. The surface is heated up to 3000 K by electron bombardment. The material to be ionized is fed to the surface through a guide pipe from a reservoir. Generation of all alkaline metal ions have been tested and a beam current of hundreds of μA is obtained. The efficiency for Li+ production is 30%, while that for Cs+ is nearly 100%. Alkaline earth ion beams, except Mg, are generated. A current of Ba+ up to 200 μA is obtained, while a Tl+ beam of over 200 μA is achieved. Halogen negative ion beams, except F−, of the order of 10 μA are also obtained when alkali halides are used. Attempts to extract Li− from the source are also being made.


Energy poverty is one of the main obstacles for developing of Low income OIC countries. It is widely recognized that adequate, reliable and relevant information on energy requirements, primary energy supply and end use, and energy conservation is not available. In order to solve the energy problems of low-income groups, new strategies emphasizing the rational use of non-commercial alternative energy resources and adopting new technologies are needed. Since the Low income countries are well endowed with renewable energy resources, exploitation of renewable energy sources is particularly relevant to the needs of these oil-importing countries. This paper reviews the requirements, challenges and priorities of Energy policy for Low income OIC countries.


A mechanism is proposed that can predict the textures as well as the influence of austenite grain size on martensite starting temperature in steels. The anisotropic elastic energy by shape change of martensite changes depending upon variants in neighbour austenite grains, whereas it does not in immediate parent grains in which martensite grows. A mechanism based on this behaviour of elastic energy can explain not only the texture formation of martensite but also the well-known austenite grain size dependence of Ms, particularly the abrupt drop of about 30K in the grain size range below 20 μm.


We developed a web-based phishing attack targeting the iOS mobile platform, specifically exploiting the full-screen touch-based user interface. Our demonstration attack requires no special access or modification to the device and mimics the native application GUI to pass casual observation. We then developed a proof of concept defense against this and other similar spoofing phishing attacks. Our system logs user keystrokes and warns the user when potentially sensitive information is about to be entered while running an untrusted application. Our defense system works for malicious website in a mobile web browser as well as all thirdparty applications we tested.


Adam Smith belongs in the mainstream of modern jurisprudence and cannot be omitted from any full understanding of how we have come to think as we do about the law. That is the message of this wide-ranging and ambitious study of Smith's legal and constitutional thought by Swiss scholar Daniel Briihlmeier. Most readers know that modern economics owes a lot to Smith, but it may come as a surprise to discover that modern legal thought, including constitutional law, is also heavily Smithian. Failure to discover this, and failure to read Smith,' condemns us to perpetual efforts to rediscover the wheel. Indeed, the author of this book documents numerous instances in which something that Smith said has later been presented as something


Our keynote lecture will be given by Dr. Hugh Herr from MIT. Dr. Herr is Associate Professor within MIT's Program of Media Arts and Sciences, and The Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology. He is the director of the Biomechatronics group where his research program seeks to advance technologies that promise to accelerate the merging of body and machine. His methods encompass a diverse set of scientific and technological disciplines, from the science of biomechanics and biological movement control to the design of biomedical devices for the treatment of human physical disability. Professor Herr's group has developed powered orthotic and prosthetic mechanisms for use as assistive interventions in the treatment of leg disabilities caused by amputation, stroke, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis.


The identification and analysis of the indicators of regional competitiveness is the most important phase of the process of measuring competitiveness. However, prior to the measurements, it is necessary to determine whether there is a high correlation between the selected indicators or not. The aim of this paper is to determine whether there is a high correlation between the most important indicators of regional competitiveness or not. The subject of this paper are the indicators of competitiveness in Serbia's regions, whose values are measured in the 2011-2013 period. For the indicators unrelated to each other or those having no logical mutual influence, no correlation was revealed. On the basis of these results, it turns out that there is a high correlation between the GDP of the region, the number of companies in the region, the number of employees, the extent of the cluster, investments in innovation and confidence in business institutions. The Pearson correlation coefficient statistical method has been used in the estimation. These data, whose measure cannot be achieved through quantitative measurement, have been obtained in the survey.


Two nonlinear processes, namely, two-photon absorption (TPA) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in Na2W2O7 crystal at a wavelength of 523.5 nm, are studied theoretically and experimentally depending on the polarization of the incident picosecond laser radiation. It was found that, due to the anisotropy of the band gap structure, the TPA coefficient at 523.5 nm strongly depends on the pump radiation polarization. For radiation along the c axis with polarization parallel to the a axis, the TPA coefficient was measured to be 1.28 cm GW−1, and no SRS process was registered. However, for polarization parallel to the b axis, no measurable TPA was detected and SRS with a gain of 6.5 cm GW−1 was observed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the competition of two nonlinear processes in one crystal depending on its orientation.


Thank you very much for reading systematic analysis of university libraries an application of cost benefit analysis to the mit libraries. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their favorite books like this systematic analysis of university libraries an application of cost benefit analysis to the mit libraries, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their laptop.


Sexuality is an important topic in rehabilitation counseling. Nonetheless, little is known about the state of training on sexuality for rehabilitation counseling students. This study surveyed rehabilitation counseling students on how much training they received on sexuality during their education. Less than half of the sample reported receiving graduate-level training on sexuality. Implications for research, training, and practice are discussed.


Immune active peptides is originated from the multifunctional compounds of protein,it can promote and adjust the immune function.With its advantage of high activity,wide source and strong stability,it attracts extensive attention,and lots of inquiries and tests have been done.This article intends to make a summary of the latest different sources of various active peptide.


BACKGROUND
Concentrations of the neonicotinoid insecticides clothianidin, thiamethoxam and imidacloprid were determined in honey collected in Spring 2013 from a variety of locations in England. The honey was produced before the moratorium in the EU on the use of neonicotinoids in pollinator-attractive crops became effective.

RESULTS
Neither imidacloprid nor its metabolites were detected in any honey samples. Concentrations of clothianidin ranged from <0.02 to 0.82 µg kg(-1) , and thiamethoxam concentrations were between <0.01 and 0.79 µg kg(-1) .

CONCLUSION
Neonicotinoid concentrations were below those likely to cause any chronic mortality. The concentrations detected should provide a useful baseline against which the effectiveness of the moratorium in reducing exposure of honeybees can be measured. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.


Patient 1 was a 73-year-old woman with chief complaints of abdominal pain and prolapse of bowel through the anus. About 10 cm of the intestine had prolapsed through the anus, and a mass was observed at the invasive front. Computed tomography (CT) revealed the classic target sign of an intussusceptum inside an intussuscipiens, where the sigmoid colon had intussuscepted into the rectum. Patient 2 was a 92-year-old woman who presented with a chief complaint of melena. About 5 cm of the intestine had prolapsed through the anus, and a mass was observed at the invasive front. CT showed the classic target sign in the rectum. Based on physical examination and CT findings, both cases were diagnosed as intussusception caused by progression of colorectal cancer. Manipulative reduction was attempted before surgery, but neither intussusception could be reduced and thus Hartmann ' s operation was performed for both patients. Patient 1 had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged on hospital day 36. Patient 2 developed prolonged paralytic ileus due to unsuccessful mobilization and was discharged on hospital day 80. Abdominoperineal resection is required for irreducible prolapse of intussusception through the anus due to colorectal cancer, and this invasive procedure can cause complications. Many patients with this condition are elderly adults with weak pelvic supporting tissue, and thus treatment suited to each individual patient must be selected.


In the training of the classifier, Android malware detection based on the traditional SVM algorithm often mixed with some feature vector, which increase the burden of the training device and reduce the computational power of the classifier, the actual effect of test and training time is often affected. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposed an Android malware detection technology based on improved SVM algorithm. After the feature vector extraction of normal software and simulated malware, the training sample set is obtained. When training the classifer, the algorithm optimizes and complements the training set to make the training data more reasonable. Experiments show that the Android malware detection system based on improved SVM algorithm is superior to the traditional SVM algorithm in the classification accuracy and detection rate of false positives, and with the increase of the training sample set greatly reduces the training time, this Android malware detection technology is more suitable for Android malware detection environment.


We construct new examples of Monge-Ampère metrics with polyhedral singular structures, motivated by problems related to the optimal transport of point masses and to mirror symmetry. We also analyze the stability of the singular structures under small perturbations of the data given in the problem under consideration.


The utility model relates to a gas mask used for three-protection medical rescue, which comprises a mask and a canister, wherein the outer side of the mask is fixedly connected with a liquid oxygen storage tank, and an oxygen supply pipe connected to the liquid oxygen storage tank leads into the mask. According to the utility model, an emergency treatment gas mask has a working mode of independent positive pressure air supply, and is suitable for being used for and rescuing the wounded with cardiopulmonary failure; and the gas mask not only ensures the positive pressure oxygen supply needed for the wounded, but also facilitates medical rescue workers to carry and use on site, is suitable for being used in field operations and three-protection medical rescues, and can also be used emergently under an anaerobic condition so as to ensure timely oxygen supply to the wounded.


We present a relativistic quark model for baryons, based on the Bethe-Salpeter equation in instantaneous approximation. Confinement is implemented by an interaction kernel which essentially is a linearly rising potential with a spin-dependence chosen such as to minimize spin-orbit effects. The fine structure of the baryon spectrum follows from an effective quark-interaction based on instanton effects. Results for the spectra of all baryons build from u, d, s-quarks are presented. In particular it is found, that the present relativistic setup can account for the low position of Roper-like resonances in all sectors.


We present several state-of-the-art first-order methods for well-structured large-scale nonsmooth convex programs. In contrast to their black-box-oriented prototypes considered in Chapter 5, the methods in question utilize the problem structure in order to convert the original nonsmooth minimization problem into a saddle-point problem with a smooth convex-concave cost function. This reformulation allows us to accelerate the solution process significantly. As in Chapter 5, our emphasis is on methods which, under favorable circumstances, exhibit a (nearly) dimension-independent convergence rate. Along with investigating the general well-structured situation, we outline possibilities to further accelerate first-order methods by randomiza-tion. 6.1 Introduction The major drawback of the first-order methods (FOMs) considered in Chapter 5 is their slow convergence: as the number of steps t grows, the inaccuracy decreases as slowly as O(1/ √ t). As explained in Chapter 5, Section 5.1, this rate of convergence is unimprovable in the unstructured large-scale case;


This paper proposes the design and implementation of an inductor with a stepped air-gap for a buck converter with improved feedback control. Typically, a power converter needs to maintain stable operation during any load transient. When designing the compensator for a converter according to the traditional method for continuous conduction mode (CCM), the same compensator is employed from light load to full load, which leads to poor response at some operating points, especially at light load. To achieve a better system response, a stepped air-gap inductor is proposed to increase the inductance at light load, which is analyzed and compared with a traditional inductor. The proposed stepped air-gap inductor reduces the influence of the magnetic flux leakage on the winding. The effect of having two different inductance values on the controller design is discussed, and the conditions for discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) at light load with the stepped air-gap inductor are outlined. A 48-V to 12-V buck converter rated for 60 W is built and tested to verify the proposed stepped air-gap inductor. With the proposed stepped air-gap inductor, experimental results show that undershoot and overshoot were improved 50% and settling time was decreased to 20% and 30% during light-to-full load transients, compared to the traditional inductor. Hence, the proposed stepped air-gap inductor can effectively improve system response.


Young people in England are drinking less. Evidence from multiple surveys shows a consistent
pattern over 10-15 years of reduced participation in drinking, reduced consumption levels
among drinkers, reduced prevalence of drunkenness and less positive attitudes towards
alcohol. Similar changes are seen across the UK, Europe, North America and Australasia. The
downward trends are also not limited to alcohol. Declines are also seen in smoking and illicit
drug use among young people.

This report launches a new four-year study funded by the Wellcome Trust, which aims to
examine the patterns and causes of the decline in youth drinking. In this first publication, we
bring together data from two long-running, nationally-representative surveys, the 1988-2016
Smoking Drinking and Drug Use amongst Young People in England surveys (SDD) and the
2001-2016 Health Surveys for England (HSE), to present the most comprehensive picture to
date of the downturn in alcohol use among young people aged 8 to 24.


This paper presents test results from several IEEE1588 Transparent Clocks (TC) under realistic network conditions. Imperfections are documented that may impact the end-to-end synchronization performance between Master Clocks (MC) and Slave Clocks (SC). To help service providers select and configure these devices to meet their synchronization performance needs, a new test methodology for characterizing TC performance under real-world conditions is presented. The "Correction Factor Error" test method is introduced which could serve as the basis for future IEEE1588 test standards for these devices.


According to accident causation theory and on the basis of system safety analysis and incidental accidents analysis,a multiple evaluation system for the safety of mine ventilating system was built.By using AHP and Matlab software,the weights of subsystem and index of multiple evaluation system were determined.Combining practical experience,the membership degree of each index was firstly constructed in the light of safety norms,then,based on the evaluation set,trapezoidal distribution membership function was constructed,and the ultimate membership degree,fuzzy relationship matrix and the comprehensive evaluation matrix of index for the evaluation set were achieved.At last,the integrated score for the safety of mine ventilation system was attained,the safety evaluation rating was divided,and the disposal measures were put forward for each rating.The application of this evaluation method to Taoyuan United mine of Kaixian in Chongqing City showed that this method could achieve a satisfactory result.


Background: Freezing of speech (FoS) and other repetitive speech behaviours can frequently occur in parkinsonian syndromes, worsening the efficacy of language functioning, hampering social interactions, and thus reducing quality of life. Pharmacological treatment are ineffective and other interventions have not specifically developed so far. Aim: To test the efficacy on a pilot rehabilitation program for freezing of speech based on cueing. Setting: Outpatient clinic. Population: Singlecase. Methods: We developed a pilot rehabilitation program based on visual, auditory and sensory cueing. The patient underwent the protocol for a 6month period (1hour sessions, 3 times weekly). Perceptual This document is protected by international copyright laws. No additional reproduction is authorized. It is permitted for personal use to download and save only one file and print only one copy of this Article. It is not permitted to make additional copies (either sporadically or systematically, either printed or electronic) of the Article for any purpose. It is not permitted to distribute the electronic copy of the article through online internet and/or intranet file sharing systems, electronic mailing or any other means which may allow access to the Article. The use of all or any part of the Article for any Commercial Use is not permitted. The creation of derivative works from the Article is not permitted. The production of reprints for personal or commercial use is not permitted. It is not permitted to remove, cover, overlay, obscure, block, or change any copyright notices or terms of use which the Publisher may post on the Article. It is not permitted to frame or use framing techniques to enclose any trademark, logo, or other proprietary information of the Publisher. ! COPYRIGHT© 2013 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA ! 4


The purpose of this paper is pulsation-analysis of the swash plate type axial piston pump for excavator and the method of side branch hose application, which is used normally in construction equipments. In this paper, draw the mathematical modeling for pressure pulsation mechanism of the swash plate type axial piston pump for excavator, expression the flow pulsation in the pipelines by transfer matrix method, programmed simulation for pulsation by AMEsim software, and the reliability of that was verified by the comparison with the experimental results.


MP3 players are often described as music collections in our pockets or the pocket jukebox. Indeed, it would seem that MP3 players have significantly transformed music collections, music collecting practices, and contemporary understandings of the music collection. The MP3 player may be used to store, retrieve, and reproduce digital music files, and, therefore, it can be described as a portal—if we define the term portal as an entrance, doorway, or gateway—into these simulated (Baudrillard, 1983) mobile music collections. It is an interface between the human body and archives of digitally compressed music. This can perhaps be understood as constituting a kind of musical cyborg, a cybernetic organism, a hybrid of human and machine (Haraway, 1991). The MP3 player, in this hybridised sense, is a gateway into the digital, virtual, or simulated (Baudrillard, 1983) material cultural realm of music, a mobilised cyber-collection. The question then is what becomes of the music collection and the music collector when music shifts from the objectified disc and spool to the digital compression format and MP3 player portal? And, what are the social and cultural implications of the MP3 player portal's increasing pervasiveness and embeddedness in the flows of everyday life? The purpose of this article is to briefly introduce and discuss these questions alongside some of the technical details of the MP3 player. This article aims to use the material and technical details and definitions of the MP3 player to open up a range of possible questions that may be pursued in future research in this area. I will begin by defining the MP3 and the MP3 player.


This article summarizes research that has been done on state legislative elections since the ICPSR released computer files of these elections for the 1968-1986 period. The major topics include incumbent success, the effect of national trends, electoral causes of divided government, effects of districting systems on outcomes, and campaign finance. Suggestions are made for further research, and some of the methodological problems of such research are discussed. Particular attention is given to the need for merging these data with other electoral and contextual data. This is difficult because these data are seldom broken down by legislative district. There is a need to more clearly distinguish between incumbent advantages and the partisan control of districts in explaining incumbent success—an issue that raises methodological problems.


The advent of the energy crisis has placed a greater reliance on coal and other high sulfur fuels. When any sulfur-containing fuel is burned, sulfur dioxide is released as a by-product. By burning ad ditional amounts of coal, we will be introducing greater amounts of sulfur dioxide into the air. Sulfur dioxide is a toxic pollutant in its own right, but by the action of air, sunlight, and moisture, sulfur dioxide is converted to sulfuric acid aerosol. The main problem with an aerosol is its lack of mobility as compared to a gas such as sulfur dioxide. The low mobility of the acid aerosol raises the possibility of high localized concentrations. This Dissertation will discuss the measurement of sulfuric acid aerosol, Including sampling, separation, and analytical finish. It was evident early in our work that most sulfate methods would not perform properly at the levels necessary (1 to 50 M®)• A new method for determining sulfate was developed where sulfate was precipitated as the perimidylammonium sulfate [(PDA)2S04], When the (PDA)2S04 was heated at 5OO0 in a nitrogen-purged oven, sulfur dioxide is quantita tively evolved. The West-Gaeke procedure was used to measure the evolved sulfur dioxide. The sampling of the acid was accomplished by using a O .5 M> Fluoropore Teflon filter. Once a sample was collected, the sulfuric acid waB separated from the gross air sample by heating the filter to I250 for 2 hours. A small petri dish was placed over the air sample and the acid was trapped on the inside of the dish by using a suitable


Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem chronic disease with a relatively high mortality rate in children, despite improvements in prognosis and survival rate over the past decade. Studies on the predictors of mortality in children with SLE, especially in low- and middle-income countries, are limited.
Objective To determine the predictors of mortality of children with SLE.
Methods This was case-control study using data from medical records of children with SLE at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, between 2009 and 2017. Subjects were children aged <18 years diagnosed with SLE. Cases were those who died within one year of diagnosis; the controls were those who were discharged alive. From subjects' medical records, we collected clinical data including age, sex, date of diagnosis, nutritional status, anti-dsDNA antibody, antinuclear antibody (ANA), hypertension, disease activity based on the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score, proteinuria, thrombocytopenia, mortality/survival outcome, date of death, cause of death, and clinical data including fever, seizures, antibiotic used, microbial culture outcomes, and infection-related diagnoses. We performed bivariate analysis of the association between predictor variables (SLEDAI score, proteinuria, infection, hypertension, and seizures) and mortality outcome (survival or death), followed by logistic regression analysis.
Results Eighty-four patients with SLE were included, of which 72 were female.  Median age at diagnosis was 14 (range 4-18) years. Twenty-three patients (27%) died within one year after diagnosis. The most common causes of death were infection and renal failure in 8/23 and 7/23 subjects, respectively. On bivariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with mortality were hypertension (OR 3.34, 95%CI 1.22 to 9.14) and infection (OR 3.71; 95%CI 1.36 to 10.12). Seizures, proteinuria, and SLEDAI score were not found to be significantly associated with mortality. On logistic regression analysis, infection was the only significant predictor of mortality (OR 3.22; 95%CI 1.15 to 9.05).
Conclusion Among the factors studied, infection is significantly associated with mortality in children with SLE.


The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of firm size, profitability, leverage, firm age, ownership of the company, and the type of Islamic banking for the intellectual capital disclosure. This research used 34 annual reports of Islamic Bank (IB) and Sharia Business Unit (SBU) registered to the Financial Services Authority in 2015. Samples were selected by purposive sampling method. This research used multiple linier regression analysis. The result showed that the type of Islamic banking affects the intellectual capital disclosure. IB has its own annual report so that the information disclosed is more than the SBU that the report contained in the annual report of a


In 1986 four idealistic researchers at XEROX PARC, informally crossing organisational and spatial boundaries, spent two weeks working by video link. As this medium created a new space between them, they called it the Media Space. The field blossomed; within ten years researchers delineated place from space, and later work articulated principles for designing distributed place for collaborative creativity and recognised the Ba-Principle (場) of enabling contexts. In 2020 hundreds of millions of us find ourselves in a prolonged version of the same experiment, but rather than convivial workplaces we observe participants fatigued by bare virtual meeting rooms with ephemeral surfaces, void of boundary objects, only weakly affording ambient presence, staging, social signalling or situated action. By contrasting these observations with known design principles, we reveal which are most lacking in contemporary systems and propose a path back to constructing shared meaning in distributed place.


This paper simply introduces the background of Z 6-equivariant system. Using qualitative theory and bifurcation theory of differential equation, we seek out finite and infinite critical points, judge the types of critical points with eigen-value, discuss all possible phrase portraits under the condition of parameter space according to equivariance and uniqueness and give their explicit form. There are five cases and sixteen phrase portraits.


This study investigated parents , image of their infants and their views by the sematic differential technique . The differences between investigated


Resumen en: Introduction. Two constructs that have received a great deal of attention in Educational Psychology research are Achievement Orientation and Identity Sta...


Drawing upon the resource-based theory of IT business value research, a firm's ability to effectively integrate and deploy IT resources in combination with other resources, can create unique competitive advantage and intangible assets for a company. This study aims to investigate the impact of IT governance on IT capability, and the effects of both IT governance and IT capability on firms' sustainable competitive advantage. We hypothesize that both IT governance and IT capability are positively related to firm performance, and IT governance is positively linked to IT capability. A research model is proposed.


An investigation was made of a passive switch utilizing a mixture of dye solutions 3955 and 3323-u for mode locking in a YAG:Nd3+ laser. Optimal conditions for lasing were identified. The use of a mixture of dyes made it possible to shorten the duration of the pulses and at the same time simplify the construction of the resonator.


The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze a unique and innovative appraisal and development system. The Performance Management System (PMS) is the formal vehicle used by Corning Glass Works managers to measure and improve the performance and potential for advancement of approximately 3,000 managerial and professional employees. The current design of PMS is the result of several years of research and development work by staff psychologists and personnel specialists at Corning along with applied psychological research conducted in other organizations. PMS is distinguished from most appraisal systems by the following characteristics: (1) Its emphasis on both psychometric accuracy and practical utility; (2) Its emphasis on development as opposed to evaluation; (3) Its use of ipsative measurement; (4) Its integration of results with behavior centered appraisal. This paper is comprised of an introduction, reports on the initial research, the design and introduction, the evaluation and revision of PMS, and an overall summary. The strategies, results, and problems encountered at each phase of PMS development will be described and analyzed.


Many different applications long period chiral fiber grating LPCFG with many advantageous properties which can be readily utilized in provided. LPCFG of the present invention (10) is a fiber grating having a pitch exceeding the wavelength of light propagating through them. LPCFG (10) has many of the reduction unit to the transmission spectra, also not reflected any part of the signal passing through it. LPCFG is sensitive to changes in the (refractive index or LPCFG coating covering the cladding (14) (16)) the refractive index of the external environment. In response to an external change in refractive index, transmittance decreased portion is moved in proportion to the change in refractive index, thereby making it possible to use LPCFG as fiber sensor elements. Furthermore, LPCFG is sensitive to polarized light, a wave of one handedness of one circularly polarized light is strongly coupled to the cladding mode from the waves of the other polarization optical rotation.


In this paper an improved plan about second-order neural network adaptive control is presented. An approach using second-order neural networks for on-line process identification and control is also presented. Simulating experiments show that the control system has good control result and stronger capability of identification and control. And it is very simple in design of controller.


Impedance spectra obtained on high‐performance Ni/yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) cermet anodes at 1000°C in gas mixtures are considered. An impedance arc with a characteristic frequency of about 10 to 100 Hz is related to finite diffusion limitation by considering the dependence on water partial pressure, apparent thermal activation, and effect of the inert gas component. By experiments in different test geometries the diffusion zone is demonstrated to be a stagnant gas layer outside the anode structure. An estimated stagnant gas layer thickness of about 1 mm is arrived at. The diffusion impedance is demonstrated to be avoidable by using a setup geometry with two coupled electrodes in direct electrical contact through opposing sides of a contacting mesh. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.


The importance of a transportation terminal's transfer efficiency to passengers is well known. However, it is still a problem of how to combine the various indicators into a single indicator that can be used to quickly compare transportation terminals' transfer efficiency and identify those terminals in need of intervention. This paper presents a study that is reflective of such an effort. Using the transfer data obtained from 10 transportation terminals in Beijing, the individual performance measures were combined into a single comprehensive measure through the data envelopment analysis (DEA). Efficiency is allowed to be measured by DEA when decision making units have multiple inputs and multiple outputs. The input variables are the transfer area, operating expense, (the number of) staff in the terminal and the capacity of buses. The output variables are measured by the transfer safety and average transfer time of all the transfer passengers. This paper gained the efficiency order of the 10 transportation terminals in Beijing, and provides the potential improvements of each efficiency indicators. The findings and limitations of DEA are also discussed.


We associate to each right-angled Coxeter group a 2-dimensional complex. Using this complex, we show that if the presentation graph of the group is planar, then the group has a subgroup of finite index which is a 3-manifold group (that is, the group is virtually a 3-manifold group). We also give an example of a right-angled Coxeter group which is not virtually a 3-manifold group.


Absolute truth, when interpreted as a type of truth or knowledge of complete correctness, should be abandoned as a false concept; yet when viewed as the opposite of relative truth, completing it in the attribute composition of truth, the concept should be retained. Subordinate to dialectics, the relation between absolute truth and relative truth should be established according to the law of unity of opposite. Also in this way the relation between them in textbooks and other relevant problems find their solution.


The presence of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in natural waters has become a significant concern recently because of its detrimental effects on human health and ecological environment. To address this issue, it...


Objective Staudy on the status of schizophrenia-like phychosis in nosology and its relationship with schizophrenia.Methods The brief psychiatric ratiry scale was used to evaluate 42 schizophrenia-like psychosis patients and 45 schizophrenia patients,Collectiry their positive family history and the frequency of schneider first rank symptoms and their cooperation degrec.Results There are some difference between schizophrenia-like psychosis and schizophrenia,but they are connected with each other.Conclusion The existence of schizophrenia-like psychosis as an independence is still necessary,but take the disease period as the only distinguish with schizophrenia is still limited.


In the present day scenerio of manufacturing industry, quality and productivity play a significant role. Surface roughness and material removal rate are indicators of quality and productivity. Hence surface roughness and material removal rate are considered as response characteristics. This article focusses on an approach based on Grey relational analysis and Desirability function analysis for optimizing the process parameters during turning of AISI 8620 alloy steel with CVD coated tool with multiple performance characteristics. Experimentation were carried out on a CNC lathe using L9 orthogonal array based on Taguchi design of experiments. The influence of spindle speed, feed and depth of cut were analysed on the performance of surface roughness and material removal rate. The optimal turning parameters are determined by composite desirability index and grey relational grade. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine the influence of parameters which significantly affect the responses. From the study, it is concluded that machining performance is significantly improved.


Discussion The technique described here with a combination of Erbium:YAG laser Introduction Type I neurofibromatosis (von Reckling hausen disease) is a genetic disorder that is characterized by the presence of numerous neurofibromas. Lesions may be cutaneous, subcutaneous, or plexiform. Disfiguring cutaneous and subcutaneous neurofibromas on visible parts of the body are particularly distressing for the patient. The standard treatment for these small tumors is excision. This is associated with scarring and, if several excisions are necessary, is very timeconsuming [1]. Thus in recent years carbon dioxide laser has increasingly been used for quick removal of neurofibromas [2, 3]. Yet Ostertag and colleagues have shown that CO2 laser therapy involves a significantly greater risk of hypertrophic scarring [4]. To help prevent scarring, we use a combination of Erbium:YAG and CO2 laser.


blade allowing the scope to be retracted separately. The ETT was suctioned to remove any residual plastic pieces and ventilation was resumed, with a proper increase in saturation. Ventilating options included pushing the scope further into the trachea, which would risk occlusion of the trachea by a foreign body; attempting to remove the ETT in a patient known to be difficult to ventilate and intubate; cutting the ETT above the site of the foreign body; or an emergent tracheostomy in a patient with an innominate artery compressing the trachea (bleeding risk). A retrospective review of 4273 bronchoscopy reports by Pue and Pacht (3) did not reveal any complications owing to adherence of the scope to the ETT wall. Two other reports demonstrate similar scenarios in which the scope and the ETT were removed as one unit and the patient was reintubated. In one case, reintubation was not difficult because the patient lacked a history of difficult intubation (4). Siegel and Coleprate recommend that 'if any difficulty be encountered in removing a FBB from an ETT, that the ETT be removed ... as rapidly as possible with the bronchoscope in place' (4). In our case, the risks of extubation with complete airway loss were deemed too high. In the second case, saline application helped dislodge the FFB from the ETT (5); we were not as fortunate. Modalities for diagnosing vascular rings, including barium esophagography and aortic arch arteriography, may fail to identify tracheal compression by either enlarged cardiac chambers or innominate artery, both of which were present in our patient (1). FBB was chosen because it would readily identify compression by an innominate artery. Only with rigorous attempts and countertraction on the ETT were we able to peel and remove the protective plastic covering on the scope without dislodging the ETT. Inspection of the FBB prior to use did not show any visible defects. On follow-up, we found no record of recent repairs or issues with this particular scope. Initially, we considered using a smallerdiameter scope, but image output was poor. The patient underwent imaging studies and a noncomplicated tracheostomy. He remained stable with no further complications. A M A R D E E P H E Y E R* Y U R I S H E V C H E N K O †


Purpose Pseudomonas aeruginosa appears as the main pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF) involved in recurrent pneumonia and pulmonary exacerbations. The type III secretion system (T3SS) is one of its main determinants of virulence and is associated with poor clinical progression and increased mortality. This study determined the relationship of clinical features of patients with CF and P. aeruginosa T3SS virulotypes. Materials and Methods From January 2018 to March 2019, P. aeruginosa were isolated from sputum and/or oropharyngeal swabs. T3SS markers (exoS, exoU, exoT and exoY) were detected by PCR. Clinical severity according to Shwachman-Kulckycki score and spirometry data were associated with T3SS virulotypes. Results A total of 49 patients had positive cultures for P. aeruginosa. T3SS virulence-related markers were detected as follows: exoS 97.9% (n=48), exoU 63.2% (n=31), exoT 95.9% (n=47) and exoY 97.9% (n=48). The prevalence of exoS+/exoU+ virulotype was higher than previously reported in CF settings, being detected in 61.2% of the evaluated isolates, present in 70% of intermittent infections and with a significantly higher frequency in cases of exacerbations. The presence of exoU in chronic infection was not associated with poor clinical results. In chronic infections, the exoS+/exoU− virulotype prevailed (77.8%) and was associated to worse clinical results according to the Shwachman-Kulckycki score and spirometric. Conclusion Our findings revealed a high prevalence of the atypical exoS+/exoU+ virulotype among P. aeruginosa isolates from patients with CF, which was associated with intermittent infection and early clinical alterations, while the exoS+/exoU− virulotype was associated with chronic infection and worse clinical results. Finally, the presented data highlight the relevance of T3SS virulence markers in the clinical progression and disease severity in CF patients.


Objective To observe the clinical effect of ornidazole combined with mesalazine in ulcerative colitis.Methods 140 cases patients with ulcerative colitis were divided into observation group and control group,each of 70 cases.Control group were treated with mesalazine enema.Observation group took oral ornidazole treatment on the basis of control group.After treatment,compared the efficacy and adverse reaction of two groups,follow-up after 1 year compared recurrence situation of two groups.Results After treatment,total effective rate of observation group(95.7%) was higher than that of control group(85.7%) ,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05) .Follow-up after 1 year,the recurrence rate of observation group(11.1%) was significantly lower than that of control group(16.3%) ,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05) .Conclusion Ornidazole combined with mesalazine in ulcerative colitis has the advantage of curative efficacy,low recurrence rate and small adverse reaction,is worthy of clinical application.


The first field discovered in the ADCO concession came on stream in 1963 and is one of the largest Hydrocarbon accumulations in the UAE. In 40 years of production about 700 boreholes penetrated the main reservoirs, however virtually no seismic was acquired over the field. In 2001, the decision was taken to acquire high-quality 3D seismic across the field after extensive field tests to optimize acquisition parameters and after incorporation of the learning's on the 3D seismic imaging in other ADCO fields. The actual seismic acquisition took 2 years over an 1800 km area with 640 fold coverage in 12.5 m * 12.5 m bins. It resulted in an extremely high-quality dataset. Extreme care was given in processing to preserve amplitudes and frequencies to enable quantitative seismic attribute analysis. The seismic offers the unique opportunity to study a Middle East Carbonate reservoir after 40 years of production at an unmatched resolution of 100 Hz bandwidth at target level at 3 km depth. Conventional interpretation started in conjunction with advanced seismic analysis (inversion & forward modeling while the data processing was still ongoing. The studies indicate that information on structure, rock properties and fluid effects can be extracted from the seismic to a much greater detail than possible in any other seismic dataset of ADCO. So far, immediate impact on the field development was obtained as: • several fault systems were observed and tied to the main orogenetic phases of the Arabian plate; inclusive of the Paleozoic and Proterozoic trends. Faults can be observed on seismic down to a throw of 5 ft and were confirmed by drilling results. • depositional geometries and stacking patterns within the main Carbonate reservoirs were detected. They were used to develop new insights into the reservoir depositional cycles; • Flat spots at the edge of the field and water-indicating isochron values around water injectors in the main reservoirs strongly suggest that fluid effects appear to be visible. Analysis on well and seismic data indicates that the effects of porosity and fluid change on the acoustic impedance can be separated in the studied Carbonate reservoirs. IPTC 10745 Impact of High-Quality Seismic on the Field Development of a Mature Supergiant Cretaceous Carbonate Field—Onshore Abu Dhabi M. Boekholt, R. King, A. Al-Hamedi and F. Al-Shekaili, Abu Dhabi Co. for Onshore Oil Operations D ow naded rom http://oetro.org/IPTC O N F/procegs-pdf/05IPTC /Al5IPTC /TC -107-ABSTR AC T/18446980745-abstract.pdf by gest on 08 N ovem er 2021


It is known that all modular forms on SL_2(Z) can be expressed as a rational function in eta(z), eta(2z) and eta(4z). By utilizing known theorems, and calculating the order of vanishing, we can compute the eta-quotients for a given level. Using this count, knowing how many eta-quotients are linearly independent and using the dimension formula, we can figure out a subspace spanned by the eta-quotients. In this paper, we primarily focus on the case where N=p a prime.


The invention relates to an optical module (100) for emitting laser beams (LB) emitted from an optical emission system, comprising a mirror holder (20) which can rotate around a rotary shaft (30). For reducing wear due to concentricity and thus the long-term provision of precise movements of the mirror holder (20), the invention provides that at least one weight element (50) on the mirror mount (20) is arranged.


We present an operational semantics of the membrane systems, using an appropriate notion of configurations and sets of inference rules corresponding to the three stages of an evolution step in membrane systems: maximal parallel rewriting step, parallel communication of objects through membranes, and parallel membrane dissolving. We define various arithmetical operations over multisets in the framework of membrane systems, indicating their complexity and presenting the membrane systems which implement the arithmetic operations. Finally we discuss and compare various sequential and parallel software simulators of the membrane systems, emphasizing their specific features


In this paper we give a non-existence property of real hypersurfaces in complex two-plane Grassmannians G2(ℂm+2) which have a shape operator A commuting with the structure tensors {φ1, φ2, φ3}. From this view point we give a characterisation of real hypersurfaces of type B in G2(ℂm+2).


In this paper, we summarize the status of X-band RF power source development for the Japan Linear Collider (JLC) project. The periodic permanent magnet (PPM) klystrons are under development in the two-year/two-stage project with Toshiba. The goal is to produce 50MW output power at 1.5 µs pulse length at the first klystron and then to advance to 75MW at the second one. The high power testing of the first klystron is scheduled to start in July 2000. The multi-mode RF windows have been high power tested at KEK and SLAC. The window with smaller diameter (53mm) achieved a circulation power of 80MW with 1.5µs duration at 30Hz repetition. It was not destroyed during the testing. As for the modulator, the SIthyristor solid state switches were tested successfully. KEK is developing the multi-mode 2x2 DLDS (Delay Line Distribution System) power distribution system, in which the stability of linearly polarized TE12 mode in a long (up to 160m) waveguide is the key for low loss power transport. The experiment was carried out successfully in the ATF linac tunnel in collaboration with SLAC using a specially installed 55m long waveguide. Details of these developments and measurement results are presented.


Under the best of circumstances—meaning when cataract surgery is performed in an eye with a normal cornea by expert hands and with use of an advanced IOL power calculation formula—the achieved refractive outcome will be more than 0.5 D off target in 1 out of every 11 eyes.


Vitrification in plant tissue culture from different organs and tissues is a common phenomenon resulting from many elements, including micro-environmental conditions in cubation, genotypes of explants, endogenous hormones, physiological condition of plants, etc., which were summarized in this paper. And those specific methods for preventing and controling vitrification phenomenon in plant tissue culture were raised.


Background

The size of the carrier influences the aerosolization of drug from a dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation. Currently, lactose monohydrate particles in a variety of sizes are preferably used in carrier based DPI formulations of various drugs; however, contradictory reports exist regarding the effect of the size of the carrier on the dispersion of drug. In this study we examined the influence of the intrinsic particle size of the polymeric carrier on the aerosolization of a model drug salbutamol sulphate (SS).

Methods

Four different sizes (20–150 lm) of polymer carriers were fabricated using solvent evaporation technique and the dispersion of SS particles from these carriers was
measured by a Twin Stage Impinger (TSI). The size and
morphological properties of polymer carriers were by laser
diffraction and SEM, respectively.

Results

The FPF from these carriers was found to be increasing from 5.6% to 21.3% with increasing the carrier size. The FPF was found to be greater (21%) with the highest particle size of the carrier (150 lm).

Conclusions

The aerosolization of drug was dependent on the size of polymer carriers. The smaller size of the carrier resulted in lower FPF which was increased with increasing the carrier size. For a fixed mass of drug particles in a formulation, the mass of drug particles per unit area of carriers is higher in formulations containing the larger carriers, which leads to an increase in the dispersion of drug due to the increased mechanical forces occurred between the carriers and the device walls.


This season plays less realities, but gets more personal. It's a good season, but only if you were alredy into the characters. Still enjoying the


We evaluated the effectiveness of phages on meats and goat cheese contaminated with Salmonella Enteritidis (SE). In meats, reductions of SE were observed during the whole experiment, while in goat cheese a reduction was only observed at day 3. We discuss the relevance of phages as a biocontrol in food.


In order to measuring the true density of organic powder accurately and quickly,how to determinate the organic powder true density using pycnometer ultrasound settlement method and the factors that effected on the determination results were discussed.The process for determination of powder density was introduces and the calculation formula of the density was proposed.Finally,through discussing the three methods,determing organic powder true density by ultrasonic method was more accurate.


. Most students and pupils are still educated in classes based on frontal teaching. Analyses of effectiveness of teaching methods show clearly that learning based on frontal approach is not so effective as approach based on the combination of problem based learning and project based learning. In this paper are discussed problems connected to the pendulum, different types of experiments for both: high school students and younger pupils. These experiments are practical part of problems solved by students and allow them obtain skills to solve specific types of problems and at the same time they will learn some new information from physics. The student projects are based on idea that most effective method for teaching sciences is independent work of students, which are self-inventing natural phenomenon or laws. That in this case students will be able to acquire a deeper knowledge through active exploration of real-world challenges and problems. The problems and experiments realized by students are technically undemanding experiments financially unpretentious. Experience shows that pupils under the age of 15 are able to discover themselves and thus an abstract thing as a method of determining the moment of inertia of a complex body.