We study sequential compound decision problems in the context of sequential prediction of real valued sequences. In particular, we consider finite state (FS) predictors that are constructed based on a hierarchical structure, such as the order preserving patterns of the sequence history. We define hierarchical equivalence classes by tying certain models at a hierarchy level in a recursive manner in order to mitigate undertraining problems. These equivalence classes defined on a hierarchical structure are then used to construct a super exponential number of sequential FS predictors based on their combinations and permutations. We then introduce truly sequential algorithms with computational complexity only linear in the pattern length that 1) asymptotically achieve the performance of the best FS predictor or the best linear combination of all the FS predictors in an individual sequence manner without any stochastic assumptions over any data length n under a wide range of loss functions; 2) achieve the mean square error of the best linear combination of all FS filters or predictors in the steady-state for certain nonstationary models. We illustrate the superior convergence and tracking capabilities of our algorithm with respect to several state-of-the-art methods in the literature through simulations over synthetic and real benchmark data.


The title compound, C21H23NO7S, is an important intermediate in the synthesis of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers. The cyclohexane ring adopts a chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 69.5 (2)°. The molecules are linked into a zigzag chain along the b axis by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.


Inthis paper amulti-domain optical service environment isenvisioned todemonstrate therole ofthedistributed control plane andmanagement processes based ondifferent standardization approaches. Emerging reliability requirements arediscussed andtheperformance ofoptical networks isinvestigated bysimulations onseveral control and/or management failure cases. Thesimulation results areextended towards multi-domain environments using practical considerations toprovide simple analytical models onconnection provisioning delay.


An in-house electromagnetic code based on the finite element method (FEM) called HOFEM, a higher order finite element method, has been developed by the authors in the last years. HOFEM has been developed to work in high-performance computing (HPC) environments. Among other features, it makes use of a non-standard mesh truncation technique for open region wave propagation problems as those of scattering and radiation. This mesh truncation technique works in an iterative fashion providing an asymptotically exact absorbing boundary condition while minimizing the size of the FEM domain and preserving the original sparse nature of the finite element matrices. Thus, it is suitable for large scale computations. Numerical results obtained on an HPC system corresponding to the scattering analysis of the radar cross section of a military helicopter are shown.


Abstract : The material consists of interviews and questionnaires from approximately 5,000 eighteen year old boys. The investigations were made by the Institute of Military Psychology and The Recruiting and Replacement Office of the Armed Forces. Of special interest are the comprehensive anonymous inquiries with 3,942 boys from the Stockholm area and 1,063 from the administrative district of Gavleborg. The difference in narcotic drug habits between the populations in the large city and in the province is pronounced. (Author)


This paper addresses how we should deal with underlying representation (UR) in Optimality Theory (OT), focusing in particular on the proper method of Lexicon Optimization (LO), a mechanism in OT that determines a 'real' input among various possible inputs. After closely examining previous proposals, I conclude that Kager's (1999) model of LO is most promising, only if it is controlled by a meta-principle, Input-Output Isomorphy, that guarantees a UR to be identical to its surface form in the cases where underlying contrasts are expressed at surface level. I demonstrate that LO performed in this way provides a good account of UR for allomorphy cases without posing any problem to Richness of the Base, one of the fundamental concepts in OT.


Adam Smith, following Grotius, defined justice as the virtue that is violated when an injury is committed. Justice in the economic sphere means abstaining from the possessions of others. Smith did not, therefore, as some writers have claimed, regard questions about distribution (including the question of how propertyless individuals could sustain themselves) as matters of justice. Smith's narrow definition of justice followed from his thoery of property. The absence of divinely sanctioned original rights in Smith's system relieved him of the need to show, as a matter of justice, how self-preservation for those without property was possible. Copyright 1994 by Scottish Economic Society.


Single carbon source recovery of bacteria and ERIC-PCR techniques were employed in this experiment, to detect the fluctuations of microbial community and diversity in rhizosphere of rice plant after application of transformed Enterobacterera cloacae strain E4 into plant rhizosphere, and to evaluate the safety of releasing strain E4 into fields. Results demonstrated that metabolic fingerprint and DNA fingerprint of microbial community in rhizosphere changed after application of strain E4. Southern blotting profile revealed that E4 turned to be the dominant microbial species in rhizosphere, which is assumed to be beneficial to plant growth without any adverse effect.


This paper deals with the case that an algorithm of continuous-time sliding mode control in which feedback gain coefficients are switched is digitally implemented in a digital computer. Since these coefficients are changed only at sampling instants, the system trajectory cannot be perfectly confined on a sliding hyperplane. As a results, the performance deterioration occurs. In this paper, the range is shown in which the switching control input guarantees to drive the state trajectory toward the sliding hyperplane and the swtching control algorithm is modified to be effective in it. A control algorithm is also proposed to keep the system trajectory in the narrowest neighborhood of the sliding hyperplane after the trajectory moving outside the range. The same discussion is further done for output tracking systems using sliding mode control. Finally, a numerical example is given for demonstrating the validity of the theoretical results.


Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma is a rare mesothelial proliferation that predominantly affects the peritoneum of female patients. Due to its relatively indolent clinical behavior, it recently has been renamed well-differentiated papillary mesothelial tumor (WDPMT) by the World Health Organization1 . Clinically, most WDPMTs are incidental findings during surgery or radiologic examination for other reasons. Several well-defined lesions are more common that solitary ones and rarely the tumor shows multiple miliary nodules on the peritoneum or serosal surfaces of internal organs2-4 .


Career is an important and major agenda of every individual .a effective way to follow a career is to be passionate and focus on achieving the goal .The aim of the study to identity gender difference in career decision making among pre-university students from 11 and 12 Arts stream in Goa city. The non-experimental comparative research design was used. The data was assessed using career decision making scale (CDMS-ks) by Dr. Kirandeep Singh. The sample comprised of 120 (60 females, 60males) for both the domains i.e career decidedness and career indecision .the sampling method employed was convinces sampling method. Frequency, descriptive statistics and Independent t -test was used for data analysis. The results indicated that there was no significant gender difference found in career decision making among the pre-university students.


Plasticity and commitment of T helper (Th) cell lineages are concepts still under debate. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a β-galactoside-binding protein, was originally thought to mediate immunoregulation exclusively through its pro-apoptotic effects on activated leukocytes; however, new data suggests that Gal-1 also promotes Th2 skewing, and synthesis of tolerogenic dendritic cells driving differentiation of Type 1 regulatory (Tr1) cells. In this report, using our dimeric Gal-1 hFc, we demonstrate that Th1 and Th17 cells express similar Gal-1-binding glycoprotein repertoires and specifically, CD45, as a predominant binding partner. Furthermore, we show that, at high micromolar concentrations, Gal-1hFc drives caspase-independent apoptosis on Th1 and Th17 cells characterized by nuclear translocation of mitochondrial endonuclease G, but not cytochrome c release. Additionally, at a 10-fold lower concentration, Gal-1hFc incubations during Th1 and Th17 cell priming or after full differentiation caused both pro-inflammatory subsets to synthesize IL-10. In vivo confirmation using murine B16 melanoma cells overexpressing (B16 Gal-1hi) or deficient in Gal-1 (B16 Gal-1KD) showed that mice inoculated with B16 Gal-1hi cells contained higher levels of IL-10+ Th1 and Th17 cells than mice inoculated with B16Gal-1KD cells. This novel property reinforces Gal-1's role in immune evasion of cancer and highlights its importance as a molecular 'thermostat' to help control T cell-mediated inflammation.


Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs, also called drones) have been widely deployed in our living environments for a range of applications such as healthcare, agriculture, and logistics. Despite their unprecedented advantages, the increased number of UAVs and their growing threats demand high-performance management and emergency control strategies. To accurately detect a UAV's working state including hovering and flying, data collection from Radio Frequency (RF) signals is a key step of these strategies and has thus attracted significant research interest. Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been applied for UAV state detection and shown promising potentials. While existing work mostly focuses on improving the DNN structures, we discover that RF signals' pre-processing before sending them to the classification model is as important as improving the DNN structures. Experiments on a dataset show that, after applying proposed pre-processing methods, the 10-time average accuracy is improved from 46.8% to 91.9%, achieving nearly 50% gain comparing with the benchmark work using the same DNN structure. This work also outperforms the state-of-the-art CNN models, confirming the great potentials of data pre-processing for RF-based UAV state detection.


On the tea bushes four year afer transplanting, yields of 1st and 2nd crops were compared among 13 major cultivars at Mizobe, Kagoshima in 1990. Susceptibility to frost injurry was also examined.In 1990, several times of frost were recorded after the bud opening of 1st crop. Early budding cultivars such as 'Yutakamidori' 'Asatsuyu' 'Yamakai' 'Asahi' and 'Ujihikari' were severely damaged by the frost. Late budding cultivars, however, were resistant.Among the tested cultivars, results of relative earliness to the optimum plucking time were the same as those previously reported elsewhere, except for 'Yutakamidori' which reached the plucking time five days later than expected.In experiment I where two-year-old seedlings were transplanted, 'Kanayamidori' showed the greatest yield among the cultivars in both 1st and 2nd crops. 'Yutakamidori' exhibited significantly lower yield than the others in 1st crop. This was due to the frost injury.In experiment I where one-year-old seedlings were transplanted, 'Sayamakaori' 'Goko' 'Yabukita' and 'Okumidori' showed greater yield than the others in 1st crop. Among the four cultivars, however, number of opened leaves on a plucked shoot was different. This seems to be important for analyzing the yield component in future. In 2nd crop, 'Sayamamidori' and 'Yabukita' were superior than the others with respect to the yield. 'Komakage' and 'Ujihikari' showed the least yield among the cultivars in both 1st and 2nd crops.Concerning the relative yield of the 13 varieties, the resluts obtained in the present experiment were mostly the same as those previously reported from other area of Japan.


The evaluation of effects of some non-genetic factors (sex, litter size, age of dams and year of study) on the growth of 85 kids of the Brown Short-haired breed was carried out in a period of two successive years. The analysis of the growth of all kids revealed that in the time interval from birth to Day 90 of age daily gain and final body weight were 181.3 g and 19.52 kg, respectively. As far as the effect of sex was concerned, the intensity of growth was significantly higher in males than in females (P ≤ 0.01) in all periods under study. From birth to Day 90, the respective daily gains of males and females were 200.6 g and 162.0 g. As far as the litter size was concerned, it was found out that daily gains of singles and triplets were higher than those of twins and that the differences between single kids and twins were significant (P ≤ 0.01) in all periods under study. Specifically, daily gains of single kids, twins and triplets in the time interval from birth to Day 90 were 201.4 g; 167.1 g and 175.6 g, respectively. The analysis of the effect of age of dams on daily gains revealed significant effects of this factor on daily gains in the time intervals of Day 30 - Day 60; Day 60 - Day 90; Day 30 - Day 90 and from birth to Day 90 (P ≤ 0.05). With the exception of the period from birth to Day 30, the highest daily gains were recorded in kids of four-years-old dams in all other periods under study. In both years of study, all kids were reared under nearly identical conditions but the effect of year of study on the growth was significant.


During the last sixty years many attempts have been made to take photographs underwater at depths varying from just below low-water to many thousands of feet. The pioneer work of Boutan (1893) showed clearly that the essential requirements were a relatively light apparatus fitted with a good source of illumination. Ewing, Vine & Worzel (1946) gave a list of workers who have obtained underwater photographs at wading or diving depths. In their own work Ewing, Vine & Worzel have designed a number of underwater cameras with which they have taken some thousands of pictures of the sea-bottom. In their free-floating cameras the apparatus is allowed to sink to the bottom with a ballast weight. On touching the bottom a trigger sets off the camera which takes two pictures with a time interval of 30 sec. After this the ballast is released and a float brings the apparatus to the surface. In their suspended cameras the component parts are mounted, as in the free-floating cameras, on a vertical pole, with the camera near the top and a trigger at the base. Activation of the camera occurs when the trigger touches the bottom. Their most satisfactory light source proved to be the photoflash bulb. With one or other of these cameras they have obtained large numbers of clear photographs in depths ranging from 10 to 2400 ft., and have used these in studies of bottom deposits, sand ripples, and the distribution of animal life. (See also Ewing, Woolard, et al, 1946.)


This thesis describes research in the design and implementation of multiprocessor resource management and related areas. Application requirements motivated the major research areas, processor scheduling and non-uniform memory management, as these areas contain the most important problems raised by the changing design and use of multiprocessors.
A variety of processor scheduling problems are addressed by this work. A major contribution is the design and implementation of a processor allocation and control facility for the Mach operating system that allows processors to be dedicated to applications. The implementation of this facility has been validated by production use, and it is one of the first successful applications of policy-mechanism separation to multiprocessor scheduling (and, in particular, to the problem of dividing a multiprocessor among competing applications). The techniques of Discouragement and Handoff Scheduling are introduced to address the communication and synchronization problems of applications with more active entities than processors. Support for timesharing has been preserved by integrating the new features into the Mach timesharing scheduler. In the process, it was necessary to redesign the scheduler from scratch, and a number of lessons were learned about the design and implementation of timesharing schedulers, including how to collect accurate processor usage information based on timestamps instead of interrupt-driven sampling.
The non-uniform memory management research takes a different approach, predicated on obtaining more information from hardware. Current implementations of non-uniform memory management are restricted by the available reference information. Hardware reference and modification bits indicate only that a page was referenced or modified at least once sometime in the past; they do not indicate how many references were made or how long ago. If more reference information were available, more sophisticated (and hopefully better) management techniques would be possible. This research assumes that any desired information about the access history of any region of memory is available and designs competitive replication and migration algorithms that can take advantage of this information. A case study examines how these algorithms could be incorporated into the Mach operating system.


The study of ageing is becoming increasingly prominent in academic research, the media and policy debates with the rapid growth of the world's ageing population. In particular is the perception that older people should engage in active leisure pursuits to address the actual and perceived effects of the ageing process. However, there remains limited understanding of the experiences of ageing, longevity and lifestyle choices. This paper addresses this by drawing on fictional accounts of ageing, which are viewed as an important gerontological resource for understanding how ideas about ageing are shaped by culture, and how alternative images of ageing may be constructed and made possible through literary fiction. This paper is framed by a critical interactionist perspective. Fiction, whether written, sung or acted, is itself a form of symbolic interaction, since the audience members use their imagination to interpret the script according to their own sense of self and ideas about social life; in this way, fictional representations of ageing may develop understanding of the personal and social aspects of growing older. I will explore the ways in which fictional representations of older people might perpetuate and/or challenge stereotypes of ageing and influence involvement in leisure activities in later life.


A case of a combined laryngocele is presented, including clinical features, the histopathological findings, and the treatment of the disease. The article stresses the value of imaging methods such as CT-scan and high-resolution real-time sonography for preoperative diagnosis. Especially note-worthy is the fact that the internal and external parts of laryngoceles, filled with fluid and with air, can be shown by sonography.


traditional missile testing equipment can't fulfil the need of modern warfare.to improve our army response ability.We designed and manufactured missileintegrated testing system adopting industrial control computer as the control core, the design precept is intelligentized and integrated and modularized. It can offer convenience when we test missile real time.


Significance Membraneless organelles are assemblies of highly concentrated biomolecules that condense through liquid–liquid phase separation. One major question in the field is how proteins assemble into multilayered condensates. Understanding mechanisms of formation of these systems is important for understanding the function and regulation of multiphasic organelles, such as P granules and nucleoli. A second outstanding question is how the size of biomolecular condensates is controlled. In this work, we generated amphiphilic proteins that localize to the surface of condensates. We observed diverse assemblies, including condensates enveloped by surfactant-like films, as well as complex multiphasic morphologies. In some configurations, these surfactant-like proteins influence condensate size. Our results suggest an important role of protein amphiphiles in establishing membraneless organelle structure and function. Cells contain membraneless compartments that assemble due to liquid–liquid phase separation, including biomolecular condensates with complex morphologies. For instance, certain condensates are surrounded by a film of distinct composition, such as Ape1 condensates coated by a layer of Atg19, required for selective autophagy in yeast. Other condensates are multiphasic, with nested liquid phases of distinct compositions and functions, such as in the case of ribosome biogenesis in the nucleolus. The size and structure of such condensates must be regulated for proper biological function. We leveraged a bioinspired approach to discover how amphiphilic, surfactant-like proteins may contribute to the structure and size regulation of biomolecular condensates. We designed and examined families of amphiphilic proteins comprising one phase-separating domain and one non–phase-separating domain. In particular, these proteins contain the soluble structured domain glutathione S-transferase (GST) or maltose binding protein (MBP), fused to the intrinsically disordered RGG domain from P granule protein LAF-1. When one amphiphilic protein is mixed in vitro with RGG-RGG, the proteins assemble into enveloped condensates, with RGG-RGG at the core and the amphiphilic protein forming the surface film layer. Importantly, we found that MBP-based amphiphiles are surfactants and influence droplet size, with increasing surfactant concentration resulting in smaller droplet radii. In contrast, GST-based amphiphiles at increased concentrations coassemble with RGG-RGG into multiphasic structures. We propose a mechanism for these experimental observations, supported by molecular simulations of a minimalist model. We speculate that surfactant proteins may play a significant role in regulating the structure and function of biomolecular condensates.


weight taken during digital sensitive scale while the IotaI length were collected using a tape rule graduated in millimeter centimeters. Cannibalism was eradicated by feeding the fry adequately and timely. All dead fry were and recorded on daily bases just before using siphoning of the in aquarium daily. Temperature pH (Hydrogen ion concentration}, Alkalinity (rngl,"), Free Carbon oxide (mg/L) and Dissolved Oxygen (mL· 1) in water used for each treatment were collected in depth of2cm below the water surface. The methods of APIlAlAWWA/WPCF (1985) were employed. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive ABSTRACT Fry management ill aerated and 11011 aerated aquarium and hapa system 1111'1'(' determined Hatchcrv of Facultv Agncuhure, Shabu Lafia assess condition factor. percentage survival rate total body length and percentage weigh, gam, 100 hatchlings of Cgariepinus .II)' and without acratot . hapa '.,ith aerator and hapa without aerator ill J replicates Till: hapus were made of brown colour plankton net, Thefry' were fed wuh .5% of their body weight with Anemia shell free four times daily for the period of sixteen days. Temperature (17.45±0. 05 0 q, pH (7.56~n.(J3): Dissolved o.\)'gell (8.20:r:{J.OJmg/L), total alkalinity (15 J6±U UJ IIIgIL) and Free carbon dioxide (4. JO:r:O.03 mg/l.) monitored ill each of water qualitv parameter of the I'a/,IOIL~ treatments was not significantly differctu from each other. Tire Percentage weight gain (l l l Zand 1067), percentag« survival rate (92.83 (111(/ 91.33). 10101 body lell8Ih(J.07 and 1.07ell1) and condition [actor (J 1.99 and 11.44j of c. guriepinus fry ill hapa system (aerated and 11011 aerated respectivelv) are .I'ignrjicalll(r(p<O.05) higher than those ofaquarium ill the .5l11d)' although' they are lint stgnificontly different (P ;. 0.05) frum each other. Tire lI~e of hapo as all improved S),SICII/ for mass producuon of C. gartepinus fry is Iriglr!.) recommendable 1111111.; laree bodv of water.


This paper analyzed the problem that appeared in the first competition of numerical control. It sums up the direction of the major of numerical control in vocational and technical colleges. We should meet the needs of market and develop skilled talents. It pays attention to combine the traditional practical training with the skills of numerical control machines in the content of teaching as well as the manners of teaching. The teaching plans shouldrecompose the similar subjects and also divide into different parts in order to shorten the teaching period and achieve more good results.


The orbit of the Upper Devonian piscine osteolepipod Eusthenopteron foordi has a distinct endocranial depression postero-ventrally at the base of the basipterygoid process and lateral to the hypophysis. Compared with what is known of extant osteolepipods, this depression is a myodomus retractricis bulbi. From the evidence of this myodome for attachment of retractor bulbi musculature, the hypothesis is presented that Eusthenopteron foordi had a palpebra tertia and, as a corollary, that it also had a musculus levator bulbi, a glandula palpebrae tertiae and a ductus nasolacrimalis. These annexal eye structures would have made it possible for this pulmonate fish to leave the water to bask without being dazzled by sunlight.


This report sets the record straight on immigration in America. Drawing on the 1990 Census, INS statistics, and Urban Institute reviews of the substantial literature on the subject, the authors cover immigration policy past and present, give a detailed picture of who America's immigrants are and where they live, and provide the facts needed to address the key questions: What impact does immigration have on the wages and jobs of native-born Americans? What impact does immigration have on the public sector?


Recent methods for the synthesis of 1,4-diketones are briefly reviewed.Zinc and phenacyl bromide in dimethoxyethane afforded 1,4-diphenylbutane-l,4-dione in moderate yield, but other solvents or metals examined gave no or a lower yield. The route is unsatisfactoryfor aliphatic 1,4-diketones. Attempts to use 'levulinyl chloride' to acylate olefins or acetylenes were fruitless. Routes involving aldol condensations of hexane-2,5-dione or its monoacetal had very restricted success, as did those depending on the halogenolysis of acyl derivatives of phenacylmalonic ester. A fairly general route to 1,4-diketones was found in the sequence: valine to N-acylvaline to oxazol-5-one to Michael addition product with an α, β-unsaturated ketone followed by alkaline hydrolysis.The Michael addition is not regiospecific and valine derivatives may also be isolated. Yields of 1,4-diketones are only moderate but the synthesis is quick and convenient.


This paper focuses on teaching problems in the stage "1" of "2+1" mode after illustrating education reform of higher vocational colleges with the example of NC specialty.The construction of teaching system outside campus,the design of individual intern guide,teaching outside campus,video classes on internet,and field-tutoring by front-line experts from enterprises are all discussed in this paper.The experience shows that the stage "1" is very important for success of education reform.


The design, fabrication and testing of the beryllium vacuum chamber within the Mark II detector at SLAC is described. The Be chamber encloses one interaction point of the PEP circulating ring and is a part of its beam pipe. The Be chamber is captured within the Secondary Vertex Detector (SVD), a drift chamber, which is in turn centered in the Mark II drift chamber. Both ends of the beryllium pipe are brazed to aluminum/stainless transitions for connection to stainless steel bellows. A concentric radiation-screen liner of titanium foil runs the full length of the beryllium pipe.


As the particles comprise one or more network forming compound to self-associate in the dilute solution to a large structure of the three-dimensional having a density of less than 0.5 g / cm 3, comprising a compound or substance therapeutically active as an option, to be used for the treatment, pharmaceutical, preferably to flow freely particles inhalable porous.


Introduction: Malaria is among the most widespread infectious diseases known to humans. Electrolyte imbalance is one of the major consequences of malaria with studies reporting change in the serum sodium and potassium concentration. Since electrolyte imbalance is relatively unexplored complication. The present study was conducted to determine distribution of sodium and potassium level in patients with different type of malaria and to determine the most common serum abnormality. Material and methods: This was an observation cross sectional. The diagnosis of malaria was made with examination of the peripheral smears and malarial antigen detection rapid card test. 114 diagnosed cases of malaria were enrolled in the study. Evaluation of serum electrolyte (Sodium, Potassium) was done. The data was collected in pre -prepared proforma and then transferred to a master chart for analysis. ANOVA test or Kruskal-Wallis non parametric ANOVA test was used. Level of significance was considered as P≤0.05. Software used for analysis was Graph Pad Prism. Results: Plasmodium Vivax was the most common type of malarial infection. The average serum sodium and potassium among study participants was 132.41 ± 3.11 mEq/L and 3.67 ± 0.40mEq/L respectively. Average serum sodium level was less in the patients affected with Plasmodium falciparum infection. Mild hypokalemia was seen in 50 (43.85%) patients whereas moderate was seen in 1.75% patients. Conclusion: Hyponatremia was the most common electrolyte abnormality followed by hypokalemia seen in malaria infection. Electrolyte abnormalities is a common feature in malarial infection and should be monitored regularly.


Several patients suffering from neuromuscular disorders, trauma-related problems of limbs and congenital deformities require orthotic support. Presently available rehabilitation aids like calipers, braces, and other appliances made of metallic parts have a distinct disadvantage of being heavy and cannot be managed by patients whose muscles are already weakened. Since they have normal intelligence and other faculties, if the physical disability is taken care of, they will be useful members of society. The present paper is an analysis of our efforts to use polypropylene for the fabrication of lower limb orthotic appliances. Over a follow up period of one year with 200 patients fitted with custom made polypropylene orthotics we found very encouraging results.


A test facility has been developed in Australia to enable study of the performance of a high temperature superconducting (HTS) synchronous machine under dynamic operating conditions. The test facility will allow exploration of the opportunities and challenges of the use of such machines in maritime applications. This paper presents details of the demonstrator machine, test facility, and initial modeling and test results.


Using Contraves' computerized rotary chair system, sinusoidal harmonic acceleration (SHA) test and trapezoid rotation (TR) test were performed on the same day on 25 normal subjects and 110 patients with the peripheral vestibular disorders, to evaluate the meaning of "phase lag" detected by the SHA test.The patients tended to show lower "gain" of VOR by TR test, and a more dominant "phase lag" was recorded by SHA test.A "phase lag" was detected by SHA test in 56.5% of the subjects, and this incidence was similar to that of "vestibular asymmetry" detected by TR test.Although "vestibular asymmetry" was frequently detected in the vertiginous stage, "phase lag" was noted not only in the vertiginous stage but also in the non-vertiginous stage of the peripheral vestibular disorder."Phase lag" was thought to be a useful parameter of abnormality of the vestibular system.


an integral part of the successful practice of medicine that he inserted his maxims on the doctor's ethical obligations into his medical textbook, "Enchiridion medicum." In the late 19th century, when Japanese medicine began to follow the German pattern, a group of leading physicians adopted Hufeland's work and extracted from it the ethical precepts as a basis for a Japanese code of medical ethics. While the Japanese gave grateful credit to the German author, they were obviously quite unaware of Hufeland's own source of inspiration and of the fact that their new code bore a close resemblance to the Hippocratic Oath. Of course neither Hufeland nor the newly westernized Japanese physicians were the only ones who felt the need of expressing their medical credo. Throughout the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th an endless number of small treatises and large tomes appeared in print, bearing titles such


SUMMARY

In Agrostemma githago (Caryophyllaceae) starch reserves are located outside the embryo in the perisperm. One of the main degradative enzymes, α-amylase, is synthesized in and secreted by the cotyledons.

The synthesis and secretion of amylase were shown to be under axial control. Benzylaminopurine (BAP)1 or gibberellic acid (GA3) replaced axis requirement. BAP probably acted by a general enhancement of metabolism, whereas GA3 had, like the axis, a specific effect on the cotyledons. The degradation of storage proteins in the cotyledonary tissue was controlled in a similar way.

Two arguments raised in the literature against hormonal regulation of reserve breakdown in dicots are 1) that the axis withdraws otherwise inhibitory hydrolysis products from the cotyledons and 2) that reduced activity of hydrolytic enzymes in detached cotyledons is an artefact due to lack of oxygen. These arguments were shown to be most likely invalid.


Language policy efforts related to sign languages have been concentrated on a number of concerns: efforts to achieve official recognition of sign languages, the provision of bilingual education programs for deaf students, and the teaching of sign languages to hearing individuals as foreign languages. There has been considerable controversy related to beliefs and attitudes about the nature of sign languages and as to whether they count as "real" languages. Also relevant in considerations about the role of sign languages, both socially and educationally, are the related issues of linguicism and language rights—both, topics on which there are extensive bodies of literature. This entry will discuss the legal and constitutional status of sign languages and then explore the nature, role, and purposes of language policy with respect to sign languages, with a focus on the impact of ideological beliefs on linguistic judgments and policies.

Keywords:

Deaf Communication;
Educational Linguistics;
Language Policy


It is useful and necessary to adjust and improve the compensation for the use of domestic oil and gas resources tax structure system so as to make the level of tax burden on oil and gas enterprise resources in a reasonable range and enhance the international competitiveness.However,oil-gas resource tax reform was executed isolated,and other taxes(fees) of oil-gas resource paid use system did not adjusted accordingly.To resolve the tax system of paid use of oil and gas resources issues,system of subsidies on oil and gas resources depletion must be established,special oil income levy threshold to be designed should be of flexiblity,special gain levy payment and basic premium should be collected on the part of crude oil exported.


Further exposition of Chinese spirits,cultural personality,humanity ideas,artistic state and space-time significance which come down in one continuous line with Chinese paintings will recognize standards of originality,technicality,aesthetic tastes and value including Chinese paintings' cultural origin,artistic quality;pattern standard,value significance and national spirits and draw the conclusion that Ancient Calligraphy tasting,new idea of homology of Drawings and Paintings,the connotation of Chinese Paintings,creation of Chinese Paintings,assessment of Chinese Paintings and outlook of Chinese Paintings.All these reveal particular and multi-cultural and artistic spirits and aesthetic value of Chinese paintings.


Seven common normalization strategies are compared for unstopped citation tone F0 in the Chinese dialects of Shanghai, Cantonese, Fúzhōu and Zhāngzhōu. A z-score normalization is shown to give clearly superior clustering as quantified by normalization index, but no indication of superiority for a prior log transform of F0 is found.


The construction of the mechanical and electronic components for the sextupole-corrected subangstrom resolution scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) has been completed. They are now in the process of being tested. The required software for the control measurement diagnosis and operation of this instrument has been written. We have successfully obtained a beam from the field emission source and have achieved stable emission current.


ABSTRACT Establishing biological reserves or "hot spots" for endangered and threatened species is critical to support real-world species regulatory and management problems. Geographic data on the distribution of endangered and threatened species can be used to improve ongoing efforts for species conservation in the United States. At present no spatial database exists which maps out the location of endangered species for the US. However, spatial descriptions do exist for the habitat associated with all endangered species, but in a form not readily suitable to use in a geographic information system (GIS). In our study, the principal challenge was extracting spatial data describing these critical habitats for 472 species from over 1000 pages of the Federal Register. In addition, an appropriate database schema was designed to accommodate the different tiers of information associated with the species along with the confidence of designation; the interpreted location data was geo-referenced to the county enumeration unit producing a spatial database of endangered species for the whole of US. The significance of these critical habitat designations, database scheme and methodologies will be discussed.


The design and measurement of the two identical single-ended amplifiers as well as differential amplifier on one die manufactured in AMS 0.35 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology are demonstrated. The realized IC is a part of an ASIC circuit family designed for implementation in the recent UWB radar system architectures.


This paper describes in VB6.0 by calling ActiveX Controls to produce multi-media audio、video player,and giv-en the appropriate procedures for example.


Agreement concerning the settlement of mutual historical property claims (with exchange of notes concerning shares, bonds and other securities). Signed at Beijing on 5 June 1987


Potentiostatic electrolysis and potentiodynamic triangular sweeps were used to study the electrochemical effects observed at the gold electrode in solutions containing glycine, NaI, and NaClO/sub 4/. It was found that in this system gold dissolves rather rapidly when anodically polarized, so that with 30 min of electrolysis one can obtain solutions with a metal concentration of over 70 mg/liter. The iodide ions present in the solution are responsible for this process, as they can be oxidized at potentials above 0.5 V (nhe) and enter redox reactions with the gold. The anodic gold dissolution is slower when glycine is present, which can be attributed to glycine adsorption on the gold electrode occurring under the conditions studied.


The problems and difficulties in school security management center around the proper use of funds,the confirmation of responsibility and indemnification,security institution establishment and staffing level,the environment around campus and so on.To solve these problems,the legislation for campus safety must be established and improved.An important breakthrough and innovation should be made in the mechanism of funds,institution setting up,responsibility confirmation and indemnification.


Based on large data, this paper takes sixteen prefectures in Yunnan Province as the object of study to establish the evaluation system with land use performance as the destination layer and land input level, land use degree, land use efficiency and sustainability of land use as the criterion layer for elevating the land use performance by collecting land use and social & economic development data in the study area from 2005 to 2014 by the method of TOPSIS. And it gets conclusions as follows: (1) The overall level of land use performance in Yunnan Province is not high. Most areas experienced a low to intermediate transition in land use performance, and thus the level of land use is low; (2) From 2005 to 2014, the land use performance in Kunming, Qujing, Baoshan and Honghe was on the rise, while that in the other twelve regions, including Lijiang and Dali, was fluctuating upward; (3) There is a big gap in land use performance within Yunnan Province.


Abstract The steady-state solutions of a barotropic double-gyre ocean model in which the wind stress curl input of vorticity is balanced primarily by bottom friction are studied. The bifurcations away from a unique and stable steady state are mapped as a function of two nondimensional parameters (δI, δS), which can be thought of as measuring respectively the relative importance of the nonlinear advection and bottom damping of relative vorticity to the advection of planetary vorticity. A highly inertial branch characterized by a circulation with transports far in excess of those predicted by Sverdrup balance is present over a wide range of parameters including regions of parameter space where other solutions give more realistic flows. For the range of parameters investigated, in the limit of a large Reynolds number, δI/δS → ∞, the inertial branch is stable and appears to be unique. This branch is antisymmetric with respect to the midbasin latitude like the prescribed wind stress curl. For intermediate valu...


Summary The diploid set of O. ranae from two localities, small rivers Penaquilla (Alicante province) and Gaibiel (Castellon province) in Spain, contain 22 chromosomes. The structure of karyotype was: 1st M+2nd T+3rd, 7–10 th SM+4th-6th ST+11th M-SM. Chromosomes of the first pair constitute 19.75% of the total haploid set length. A comparative karyological analysis of geographically separate O. ranae populations (from Spain, Poland and Crimea) showed the great karyological stability. Insignificant interpopulational differences in the morphology of 1st, 4th, 5th, 7th and 10th chromosome pairs were detected, which occurred as a result of small pericentric inversions.


In this paper, we consider the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based bidirectional transmission where a pair of users exchange information with the assistance of a decode-and-forward (DF) relay. Each user can communicate with the other via three transmission modes: direct transmission, one-way relaying, and two-way relaying. We jointly optimize the transmission policies, including power allocation, transmission mode selection, and subcarrier-node assignment for maximizing the weighted sum rates of the two users with quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees. We formulate the joint optimization problem as a mixed integer programming problem. By using the dual method, we solve the problem efficiently in an asymptotically optimal manner. Particularly, we derive the capacity region of two-way DF relaying in parallel relay channels. Simulation results show that the proposed resource-allocation scheme can substantially improve system performance compared with the conventional schemes.


Background: The incidence of sudden cardiac death is maximal in the morning hours. Although ventricular arrhythmias have been implicated as a potential mechanism, and several neurohumoral factors affecting myocardial excitability have been shown to be raised in the early morning hours, it is not known if there is any circadian variation in the dynamics of ventricular repolarization when studied on a beat‐to‐beat basis. The objective of this study was to examine the range, diurnal variations, and circadian distribution of the variability of the QT interval in healthy subjects.


To leverage on KDD architectures designed for business databases, original unbounded RDF data has to be transformed. We report on a use case consisting in adaptation of linked data, around a nucleus of public procurement data, for a data mining challenge event. The generic problems addressed are: linked data sampling; (generalised) concise bounded description extraction; propositionalisation to CSV using SPARQL SELECT; and aggregation behaviour assigned by checking conformance to eligibility criteria formulated as SPARQL queries.


[1] During the Coastal Mixing and Optics Experiment in 1996 and 1997, an integrated dye and microstructure experiment was done to measure and compare mixing rates on the continental shelf. The results of the dye experiment are presented in the companion paper by Ledwell et al. [2004]. In this paper, we explore the results from microstructure measurements using a vertical profiling instrument. We measure temperature and velocity microstructure and, along with simultaneous measurements of salinity and temperature as well as a shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), are able to estimate the vertical diffusivities of heat, mass, and momentum. In three of four dye injections performed, we were able to make a comparison of the diffusivity from both dye and microstructure measurements. Although the mixing rates were quite small (vertical diffusivity of heat, K T < 10 -5 m 2 s- ), the two techniques yielded consistent results. A comparison of the vertical diffusivities K T and K ρ (the vertical diffusivity for density) allowed us to determine a flux Richardson number of R f = 0.16 ± 0.03. R f showed little dependence on either the buoyancy frequency, N, or gradient Richardson number, R i . A clear relationship was found between the ratio of diffusivities, K m /K T and R i consistent with K m /K T = 5 R i . Turbulence levels were extremely low, with Cox numbers in one experiment of about 20 and in the other three of about 5 (i.e., K T about 20 and 5 times molecular diffusion, respectively).


Introduction Objective of this article is to evaluate the current multimodality treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and to gain more insight in tumour biology. Patients A group of 201 single institution multimodality treated LARC patients with T4 and T3 tumours growing less than 2 mm from the mesorectal fascia were compared with a second group consisting of 316 patients with a T3 resectable rectal tumour, included in the Dutch TME trial. Results Overall survival after 3 years was not diff erent (76% for TME, 67% for LARC, p = 0.071). Local recurrence rate (LR) was signifi cantly lower in TME patients than in LARC patients at 3 years: 5% and 17% (p = 0.0001). In 83% of the LARC patients a negative circumferential resection margin could be realised, compared to 75% of the TME patients (p=0.037). Both circumferential margin status and lymph node status were important outcome parameters in both groups. Conclusion In both groups circumferential margin involvement and nodal positivity are independent prognostic factors in local control and survival. Outcome for a LARC patient is similar to resectable TME patients in absence of these factors. However, when chemoradiation did not result in achieving tumour regression and subsequent negative resection margins and negative lymph nodes, prognosis of LARC patients is signifi cantly worse. Benchmarking the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer 133


Based on features and developing tendency of E-book,this paper analyses the impact to libraries from E-book and the strategies which libraries adopt.


The purpose of this study was to examine the association between adiposity measures, ultrasound image quality, and preclinical markers of atherosclerosis in young adults.


Ultrafast temporal unequally-spaced spacetime conversion and recognition technique for Dammann-type filters is analyzed. The multiple pulse Dammann-type filter for specific unequally-spaced and equal-intensity filter were designed.With the simulation of a Gaussian spectral distribution,the correlation between the perfect uniformity of the generated multiple ultrafast temporal pulses and the repeated number of modulation periods of the mask in the spectral plane is discussed.Moreover,experimental result of recognizing the two ultrafast femtosecond pulses by the frequency-resolved optical gating(FROG) technique is also given.


The burden of Japanese encephalitis (JE) is still very high despite better vaccine coverage (Campbell et al., 2011). JE is now endemic in 24 Asian and Oceanian countries with an estimated 67,900 JE cases occurring annually (Campbell et al., 2011) with about 3 billion population is at risk. JE virus belong to the genus Flavivirus under the family Flaviviridae and is classified phylogenetically (Uchil, 2001; Li, 2011; Mohammed, 2011) into five genotypes (G1-G5) and the mode of JE virus dispersal study throughout the Asian countries using Bayesian Markov ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 1 (2014) pp. 160-166 http://www.ijcmas.com


DNA from Agropyron elongatum is introduced into the winter wheat 86(6)002 by the method of extraneous DNA introduction through the pollen tube channels Variations in the aspects of plant height, plant type, spike type, disease resistance and stress tolerance have been observed, and a new variety Jinan 18 has been released Experiments have revealed that, as for Jinan18 seedlings, there is a lower saline damage index and higher saline tolerance A very high ratio of SOD activity of flag leaves to the top second leaves has been observed The field experiments of multi-location for tow years in the dry and pickled region demonstrated that Jinan18 has a higher saline and drought tolerance, with the average yield 857% higher than Lumai 10 in plot test and 87% higher in large area experiment


1. A process for preparing a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst comprising the steps of! (A) providing a melt comprising a mixture of at least one oxide of iron metal and a catalyst promoter selected from the group consisting of at least one of the following: a source of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal source,! (B) affect the melt flow of the fluid to disperse the melt into droplets containing metallic iron oxide and a catalyst promoter, and! (C) quenching the melt drops carried out in order to obtain a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst in the form of solid particles containing a metal oxide and a catalyst promoter. ! 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal oxide is magnetite (Fe3O4). ! 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal oxide may comprise a mixture of iron oxides. ! 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst has a total content of metallic iron from 68% to 73%. ! 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the alkali metal source is selected from a source of group elements IA, and alkaline earth metal source is selected from Group IIA elements. ! 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst promoter comprises a mixture of a source of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal source. ! 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid stream is a gas or a liquid. ! 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid stream is a pressurized water from 50 to 150 bar. ! 9. The method of claim 1, wherein for spraying the melt into droplets using a spray bottle. ! 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the melt drops are cooled temperature 1600-1700 ° C to a temperature of 15-20 ° C. ! 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid particles IME


Modeling of fluid flows requires corresponding adequate and effective approaches that would account for multiscale nature of the considered physics. Despite the tremendous growth of computational power in the past decades, modeling of fluid flows at engineering and system scales with a direct resolution of all scales is still infeasibly computationally expensive. As a result, several different physics-based methodologies were historically suggested in an attempt to "bridge" the existing scaling gaps. In this paper, the origin of the scaling gaps in computational fluid dynamics and thermal hydraulics (with an emphasis on engineering scale applications) is discussed. The discussion is supplemented by a review, classification, and discussion of the physics-based multiscale modeling approaches. The classification is based on the existing in literature ones and distinguishes serial and concurrent approaches (based on the information flow between microand macro-models) with their variations. Possible applications of the data-driven (machine learning and statistics-based) methods for enabling and / or improving multiscale modeling (bridging the scaling gaps) are reviewed. The introduced classification distinguishes error correction (hybrid) models; closure modeling (turbulence models, two-phase and thermal fluid closures); and approaches aimed at the facilitation of the concurrent physics-based multiscale modeling approaches. A comprehensive review of data-driven approaches for turbulence modeling is performed.


Moxalactam, like cefoxitin, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime, shows little or no interaction with penicillinases. Resistance of moxalactam to cephalosporinases, however, appears to be considerably greater than that of these other recently discovered p-lactam antibiotics. Moxalactam is a p-lactamase inactivator and inactivates most of the cephalosporinases produced by gram-negative bacteria. The process of inactivation is specific and follows time-dependent or progressive kinetics, as is the case for a class of enzyme inhibitors called "suicide substrates." Moxalactam is the first p-lactam antibiotic shown to possess this property of inactivation of 3-lactamases, a property that explains its excellent resistance to p-lactamases.


Democracy involves submission to the will of majority. It is a pact that keeps 'countrymen' in the single body politic and is between free men, not between rulers and the ruled. It is in this context that the rule of law becomes the norm. However, Nigerian laws are deliberately punctuated with loopholes so as to serve the interest of successive ruling elites. The social cognitive theory explains the path-ways through which leaders in government perpetrate their guided dictatorship in the name of democracy, as well as why the leadership elite may never surrender to popular democracy as anticipated by the social contract theory; hence corruption among these elites has made most citizens very poor. This scenario engenders distrust, alienation, a sense of deprivation and frustration among the citizens, and culminates in lack of group cohesion, unrest and insecurity as many citizens flout the laws to survive. Thus the investment atmosphere becomes adversely affected. Keywords: Psychology; Law; Democracy; FDI.


In this paper, we propose an effective single image super-resolution method for unaligned face images, in which the learning-based hierarchical clustering regression approach is used to get better reconstruction model. The proposed face hallucination method can be divided into two parts: clustering and regression. In the clustering part, a dictionary is trained on the whole face image with tiny size, and the training images are clustered based on the Euclidean distance. Thus, the facial structural prior is fully utilized and the accurate result of clustering can be obtained. In the regression part, only one global dictionary in which atoms are taken as the anchors, will be trained in the entire training phase. Therefore, the time complexity can be effectively reduced. More importantly, the learned anchors are shared with all the clusters. For each cluster, the Euclidean distance is used to search the nearest neighbors for each anchor to form the subspace. Moreover, a regression model is learned to map the relationship between low-resolution features and high-resolution samples in every subspace. The core idea of our method is to utilize the same anchors but different samples for clusters to learn the local mapping more accurately, which can reduce training time and improve reconstruction quality. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms some state-of-the-art methods.


In this study, the effects of the addition of salt to treatment with acids (one of several organic acids and salt in various solutions including rich or minimal broth, buffer, or distilled water) on the reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 were investigated. The protein expression profiles corresponding to acid stress (acetic acid) with or without salt addition were studied using a comparative proteomic analysis of E. coli O157:H7.


There is at present no series of crop yields available for early modern England. This paper describes a method for calculating estimates of grain yields in bushels per acre using data derived from English probate inventories. Results are presented of 10-year average yields for wheat, rye, barley, oats, and peas for the two counties of Norfolk and Suffolk during 1587–98, 1628–40, and 1660–1735. These results are compared with other yield figures for the periods before and after these dates, and used to revise existing estimates of the progress of productivity changes.


A first episode of psychosis (FEP) is a significant life event for both a young person and their parent. This life event highlights a period of transition which is negotiated within the young person-parent relationship. The way in which the dyad reacts to and copes with the experience is important throughout the episode of FEP. Aims: This study aimed at describing how young people and their parents understand their experiences of FEP, and analysing how their relationships influenced recovery, and how psychosis and recovery affected the relationship itself. Method: A sample of ten participants, five young people who experienced psychosis and five parents were recruited. Data were collected using individual grounded theory interviews. Narratives were analysed using Grounded Theory. Results: A theory of recovery in the context of a parent-young person relationship was developed encompassing five core categories which were constructed through common pathways in which stories of recovery were told. These included formative experiences, independence, safe haven, secure base and parental distress. These categories were reflected across and within the relationships of parents and young people. Conclusions: This study provides an understanding of the process of recovery from the context of a parent and young person relationship. Therefore, offers a basis to explore further both relational and systemic factors important in the recovery from psychosis.


Summary A critical review of old records of Algae of Saldanha Bay accompanies accounts of more recent surveys within this bay. The range of habitats includes rocky and sandy substrata, shores comparable with those of open coasts in terms of surf stress and those in which water movement is so reduced as to be little more than tidal ebb and flow. The conclusion is reached that the algal flora is basically of the South African west coast; modifications are imposed by protection from wave stress.


GaN and InxGa1−xN were grown using a gas-source molecular-beam epitaxy method. Sapphire substrates were used for GaN growth. Ammonia (NH3) gas was used as the nitrogen source gas. As a result, GaN and InxGa1−xN crystals with mirror surfaces were obtained using uncracked ammonia gas. Photoluminescence measurements of InxGa1−xN and GaN were investigated. No deep-level emission was observed and only the band-edge emission spectra of InxGa1−xN and Si-doped GaN crystals were observed. It was confirmed that, in the case of undoped GaN growth, the yellow luminescence disappeared upon increasing the V/III flux ratio.


Declarations of interests made at meetings in the period 13 May 2018 - 24 May 2019. This indicate a conflict of interest with respect to one of the topics being discussed.


Northampton Borough Council's housing service is offering its tenants and leaseholders the opportunity to enrol in free training and information courses this summer.


Abstract : In this research, human subjects repeatedly endured prolonged high-G simulated aerial combat to the point of loss of vision or physical exhaustion. Some profiles included over twenty plateaus at 9 Gz. Measures of cognitive and neuromuscular function, mental workload, and physiologic status were taken throughout the exposures, as well as neuropsychologic examinations after the exposures. Results indicate that more advanced protective systems not only allow longer endurance, but provide adequate support for maintained cognitive performance throughout the extended exposure. Although measures were affected by the type of protective system the subject was wearing as well as individual ability and coping strategies, consistent target tracking task performance, rapid recall decision reaction scores, and sufficient arterial oxygen saturation were maintained throughout extended exposures to a point preceding termination by only a second or two. No neuropsychological decrement was demonstrated post exposure.


This essay discriminates a set of synonyms including eight characters (six characters are not included in Chinese Cognate Characters Dictionary by Wang Li) and proves that it is an effective way to analyze and differentiate synonyms through the etymologic angle of view. This essay contacts the characters coming from the same origin strictly according to the standard of initial consonant and simplelcompound vowel that is determined by Chinese Cognate Characters Dictionary by Wang Li in order to decide the etymologic meanings of characters.


The applied catalyst can be removed by easy filtration and dried under vacuum after washing with ethyl acetate before reuse.


After a decade or more of mild indifference the collegiate curriculum has reappeared as a priority topic in the literary lists of higher education. This revival comes after a period of eclipse by matters of management, plan ning, governance, and educational technology. The eclipse was only partial and a steady stream of works kept alive the traditional issues such as gene ral education (Bell, 1966; McGrath, 1976; Hook, 1975), the relevance of con tent, (Axelrod, 1969; Phenix, 1964; Kaysen, 1973; Ford, 1964), and the nature of student choice (Mayhew, 1969; Stern, 1970; Knoell, 1973). Recently, how ever, the Carnegie Council in its role as agenda-maker for higher education has moved to erase aly impression of neglect toward the curriculum that might have been generated by critics of the Commission studies.


Canada has been a strong supporter of Bangladesh since the latter9s Independence in 1971. Though bilateral trade relations have yet to blossom, Bangladesh was the top Asian recipient of Canadian aid in 1999––2000. Nevertheless, Bangladesh, with little diplomatic weight, generally loses bargaining power in bilateralism, as it has with Canada, whose aid significantly benefits Canadian economic interests.


The primary goal of this article is to highlight briey, but objectively, the main economic issues involving the two world wars, and its imminent impact on the structural dynamics of the capitalist system in the twentieth century. It should be noted that after the end of World War 1, the U.S. economy, in 1922, entered a virtuous cycle that had its ending abruptly in what became known as the Great Depression of 1929. In the period 1929-1937, despite the depth of the depression and the huge drain on foreign capital, many countries could rely on greater degrees of freedom in external terms. Moreover, it becomes clear that the involvement of the great powers in World War 2, the defense policies of the economy, and the new management of economic policy led to an apprenticeship for a future planner bureaucracy, and an interventionist state.


Aminoglycosides are bactericidal agents that are used in the treatment of life-threatening infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens. They exert their antibacterial property by blocking the peptide bond-forming translocation process through binding to the aminoacyl site (A-site) of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) that constitutes the bacterial 30S ribosome.


For the problem that the purge gas from the synthesis loop of methanol plant wasn't utilized in high value,an optimal utilization of the purge gas to double its value was proposed,which was to separate all the components from the purge gas by cryogenic method for more valuable use.The proposed concept is valuable for promotion.Especially for the natural gas-based methanol coproduction plants,it could provide a good way for utilizing the purge gas better and also regulate the methanol output.


Bending rotating fatigue properties and fatigue crack growth(FCG) characteristic of a medium-carbon TRIP steel at different tensile strength(Rm) levels were investigated.The results show that the fatigue limitsσ_(-1) of austempering(AT) specimens are higher than those of quenching and tempering(QT) specimens at the strength levels of 1100 MPa and 1300 MPa.The ratios ofσ_(-1) to R_m (σ_(-1)/R_m) of AT specimens can reach 0.56,which are higher than those of QT specimens(0.51-0.52), and the FCG results show that the stage-Ⅱfatigue crack growth rates da/dN of AT specimens are lower than those of QT specimens at the same tensile strength level.Moreover,the differences in fatigue limit and da/dN between AT and QT conditions decreased with the increase of tensile strength from 1100 MPa to 1300 MPa.


Critical transitions describe the occurrence of sudden changes of behaviour in the dynamics of complex systems in nature, technology and society. We identify certain critical transitions with bifurcations in both random dynamical systems and set-valued dynamical systems and describe fundamental aspects of both approaches in detail. We also address the question of predicting critical transitions. This talk is based on three papers, with co-authors J.S.W. Lamb, G. Malavolta (Imperial College London), Doan Thai Son (Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology), C. Kuehn (Vienna University of Technology) and C.S. Rodrigues (MPI Leipzig). ∗Speaker sciencesconf.org:equadiff2015:72411


In this paper, we present a homomorphism from a higher dimensional de Bruijn graph to a lower dimensional de Bruijn graph. This homomorphism is simple and efficient. Applications of this homomorphism on embedding the large size complete binary trees, rings, and shuffle-exchange networks to the smaller binary de Bruijn networks are presented.<<ETX>>


: Extensive Journal Writing (EJW) in Academic Writing Classes (AWCs) has been shown to have a positive impact on students' writing ability (Ho, et al, 2022). This case study reports undergraduate student perceptions on the usefulness of writing about musical genres (a 'music journal'). Several major themes that surfaced from responses were: 1) an improved ability to express feelings;2) an increased sense of awareness and connection to others; the idea that journals were 3) fun and motivating; and lastly, 4) increased English language production and writing skill. These themes indicate that music journals (MJs) may help reduce the stress of academic writing whilst meeting practical AWC production aims, and be seen as engaging alternative to more traditional EWJ formats.


Background
Different depthes or distances are prompted with many visual cues on the flat screen.Which kind of depth cues plays a major role in the accommodation of human eyes, in addition, whether this effect exists in the different distance are still below understood.

Objective
This study was to research the effect of the monocular space depth perception on accommodative response at different distances, and to analyze the effect of linear perspective and size-constancy perceptual depth cues on the level and amplitude of accommodative fluctation.

Methods
Four groups of visual targets were designed by FLASH software and placed at the front of eyes with the distance of 50 cm or 33.3 cm, representing static change from far to near and dynamic change from far to near, from near to far respectively.Twenty-six healthy volunteers aged 22-26 years were included in this study, with the spherical power of (-4.06±1.99)D and cylindrical power of (-0.38±0.41)D under the informed consent.The accommodative response and accommodative fluctuations during monocularly watching the targets were recorded at 5 times/second by Grand Seiko WAM 5500 automatic infrared refractor.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Wenzhou Medical University, and written informed consent was obtained from each subject before entering the study group.

Results
At the distance of 50 cm, the accommodative response caused by the depth perception of near was (1.52±0.46)D, the one of distance was (1.37±0.46) D, with a significant difference of 0.15 D under the combined effect of linear perspective and size-constancy (P=0.016). The accommodative response caused by the depth perception of big car was (1.43±0.35)D, and the one of small car was (1.43±0.36)D, without statistically significant difference under the effect of size-constancy alone (P=0.467). At the distance of 33.3 cm, the accommodative response caused by the depth perception of near was (2.40±0.53)D, and the one of distance was (2.35±0.51)D, without significant difference under the combined effect of linear perspective and size-constancy (P=0.379). The accommodative response caused by the depth perception of big car was (2.38±0.48)D, the one of small car was (2.39±0.52)D, without statistically significant difference under the effect of size-constancy alone (P=0.820). In addition, the total curve of accommodative microfluctuation showed apparent fluctuation periodically caused by the distance perception involving linear perspective only.

Conclusions
Monocular space depth perception has some impacts on the accommodative response at certain distance.Linear perspective, which is one of the depth cues of space perception, plays a major role in the accommodative response.Compared with the size-constancy, linear perspective can provide depth perception at higher level.The size-constancy has a little or contrast impact to the accommodation, because it depends on the assistance from other depth cues like linear perspective.

Key words:
Accommodation, ocular/physiology; Cues; Humans; Depth perception/physiology; Psychophysics; Pattern recognition, visual/physiology


Abstract The increasing number of recognized hybrid unisexual complexes among invertebrate and vertebrate animals has promoted investigations about their composition and origin. Morphological, karyological and genetic (protein and DNA) analyses clearly show that, owing to their persistence and incomplete reproductive isolation from ancestors, several all‐female complexes are much more diversified than generally assumed and that they may also have an evolutionary role. Here the case of the stick‐insects of the genus Bacillus is reported in some detail. This holomediterranean genus comprises three well differentiated species that in Sicily have hybridized repeatedly. The Bacillus mate‐recognition system has not followed the species‐specific differentiation of the allozyme‐coding loci, allowing interspecific crosses to occur in areas of species sym‐patry with the production of two hybridogens, a corresponding allodiploid parthenogen and a trihybrid triploid parthenogenetic species. Hybridogenetic females eli...


Renton (Ewan McGregor) – the fifth main character in the original film and in this sequel – returns to Edinburgh from 20 years in Amsterdam with a bitter monologue:

> 'Choose life
>
> Choose Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and hope that someone, somewhere cares
>
> Choose looking up old flames


University Psychological Counseling should not only follow the general principles of psychological counseling.such as the principle of faith,respect,understanding,self-discipline and confidentiality.Meanwhile,according to the characteristics of university psychological counseling,we should follow these principles including guiding principle,coordination principle,initiative principle,knowing principle,self-growth principle The article discusses these principles and their application.


The method of forecasting of the generation of solar power plants on the basis of the theory of artificial neural networks is proposed. Creating a predictive model has been carried out in the STATISTICA software package. To predict the energy of solar radiation for 24 hours in advance, the so-called "time window" method was used. To predict the intensity of solar radiation, measurements of hydro meteorological station were used. During simulation, the width of the input "time window" was set to 24 hours, the width of the output "time window" was set to 1 hours. Thus, the "time window" was shifted 24 times. The practical results of the article are offered to the use of enterprises operating solar power plants.


Low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) or photobiomodulation therapy is emerging as a promising new therapeutic option for fibrosis in different damaged and/or diseased organs. However, the anti‐fibrotic potential of this treatment needs to be elucidated and the cellular and molecular targets of the laser clarified. Here, we investigated the effects of a low intensity 635 ± 5 nm diode laser irradiation on fibroblast–myofibroblast transition, a key event in the onset of fibrosis, and elucidated some of the underlying molecular mechanisms.


The aim of this study were: to describe the level of learning problem and the teacher's strategies applied in teaching and learning process. The population is 3rd semester of ust yogyakarta and the sample is about 26 students. The data analysis technique was quantitative including mean score, standard deviaton and product moment. The main results of this study were: the students learning problem in listening could becategorized as low with the mean score 77.56. the students achievement could be categorized as "moderate" with the mean score 42.05. concerning the correlation between the two variables it was revealed that there was a significant and positive correlation between the student's learning problem and their achievement


We study how the outputs of research spill over technological and geographic space in the context of the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research program. We infer input-output links using text analyses and identify the marginal costs of producing patents using noncompetitive grant matching policies. Due to technological spillovers, the costs of spurring specific types of patents are substantially larger than the costs of spurring any patent. Due to geographic spillovers, roughly 80% of the patents generated by the program are from inventors who never participate in the program. The cost effectiveness of research subsidies crucially depends on which outputs count. JEL Codes: O31, O33, O38 ∗This project was conducted partly within a National Academies of Sciences (NAS) review of the Department of Energy's (DoE) Small Business Innovation Research program. The views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the review committee, the NAS, or the DoE. Portions of the text, mostly pertaining to the setting, data sources, and data construction, may appear in the documents that we assisted in preparing for the review. We appreciate helpful comments from Maryann Feldman, Scott Stern, Josh Lerner, Shane Greenstein, Joshua Graff Zivin, Douglas Hanley, Adam Jaffe, Riitta Katila, Iavor Bojinov, Xavier Jaravel, Sharon Belenzon, Adrien Matray, Jennifer Kuan, and Daniel Armanios. James Bouse from the U.S. Department of Transportation and John Hardin from the North Carolina Office of Science Technology and Innovation were also very helpful in sharing and interpreting the data. All errors are our own. †Harvard University, Harvard Business School (corresponding author), email: email@example.com. ‡University of Oregon, Lundquist College of Business, email: email@example.com.


Jaggery from different sugarcane varieties CoJ 82, CoJ 85, CoJ 86, CoJ 87 and 'CoP 211 was prepared (during the month of February) and evaluated for its physicochemical properties. Jaggery of varieties CoJ 82 and CoP 211 was rated as very good, CoJ 86 as good and CoJ 85 and CoJ 87 as medium in quality. Fresh jaggery was kept open at ambient temperature for 0, 30, 75, 110 days after preparation (DAP) before its transfer to tightly closed glass containers (GC) for further storage at low temperature (7-9°C) and at ambient temperature. On the basis of overall visual observations and post-monsoon analysis of stored jaggery (240 DAP, during the month of October), the best method for preservation of jaggery was worked out. The results revealed that storing of jaggery dried at ambient temperature for 75 days, till its moisture content reached 3.5%, followed by its transfer to tightly closed GC and kept at low temperature was the best method for preservation of jaggery to retain its good quality, colour, appearance and complete check in microbial growth for more than a year. Quality of fresh as well as stored jaggery of CoJ 82 was adjudged the best as compared to the jaggery of other varieties.


With Dalian Bingyu National Geological Park as the research object, different evaluation factors were selected to establish the evaluation system of plant community landscape, each plant community landscape was ranked in terms of its landscape quality. The results showed that the plant community landscape of the Geopark was slightly above the medium level, and the plant community there is more prominent in the diversity of species composition and in the compatibility with the surrounding landscape.


Bearing capacity of RC beam calculated by using typical dynamic computing methods can not define the truly distributed internal force all over the deflection from the beginning of load; the main reason is the change of the form of deflection and internal force to time are not taken into account. The dynamic responses of simply supported beam under shock wave are established. Based on beam dynamic equations, some formula set to solve the problem of random load is gained by using the free vibration mode method. The expression of the bearing reaction of beam is reverse under shock wave. In order to avoid bearing separation, special structure measure must be adopted.


Gunung Subang and surrounding area are located in the western part of Southern Mountain Zone. Lithology of the area is composed of tuff and andesite rock unit that took place as host rock of mineralization. The NW-SE fault trending is the major fault in the area. Based on lineament analysis, there is coincident similarity of trending between extension pattern and vein in NE-SW. The mineralization is associated with quartz vein which has NNE-SSW trending. The alteration type consists of silisification, argilic and prophylitic. The major element data show the adularia (K-feldspar) - sericite alteration tendency. The mineral assemblage consists of galena, sphalerite, pyrite, and chalcopyrite and quartz as dominant gangue mineral. The hydrothermal fluids temperature has interval between 210°


The issue of life imprisonment is always a contentious one. Some people argue that life imprisonment should mean what it means, namely 'wholelife'. In Uganda, life imprisonment continues to mean imprisonment of 20 years. However, in 2005 the Constitutional Court ruled that life imprisonment should mean 'the whole of a person's life'. This decision is not yet law, because the particular case is on appeal before the Supreme Court, which will either uphold the Constitutional Court's ruling or not. This article deals with the constitutionality of long prison sentences that the Constitutional Court suggested could be imposed to avoid prisoners being released after 20 years. It also argues that the Supreme Court should reject the Constitutional Court's ruling that life imprisonment should mean the whole of the prisoner's life. The human rights and administrative implications of 'whole-life' imprisonment are discussed in detail to support


The possibility to apply and efficiency of complex treatment with collapso-therapy of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis in teenagers were investigated. Pneumoperitoneum was used as a method of collapse-therapy. We obtained good results as for cessation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis release and elimination of destructive lesions in the lung. Tolerability of pneumoperitoneum was good, complications were not recorded.


Objective:In view of some industry insiders proposed Huangdineijing and so on in the Chinese medicine ancient book literature has the acupuncture eardrum treatment deafness record,and plans to report the correlation scientific research topic the situation,the proving,discriminates it really falsely,cleans up 'in the Chinese medicine ancient book literature to have the acupuncture eardrum treatment deafness record';this academic proposition,for the correlation teaching,the scientific research,clinical,the management provides the solid historical document foundation,the reliable academic basis and the Chinese medicine,the acupuncture and moxibustion theory support,defends stubbornly the acupuncture and moxibustion scientific and academic real.Method:Retrieval Huangdineijing and so on key medical nationality literature,consults the domestic correlation authoritative scholar,and the senate by modern medicine use treatment catarrh tympanitis and so on the eardrum puncture,intubation methods,uses in the speculation scientific research method the induction,the textual research,discriminates various method to trace its historical elaboration,the inspection modern medicine correlation remedial measure,cleans up the acupuncture eardrum treatment deafness law to originate really falsely.Conclusion:The Chinese medicine since old times namely a non-acupuncture eardrum treatment deafness law,pierced the eardrum needle of with the acupuncture and moxibustion also not to see the literature record.Deafness which by law treatment catarrh tympanitises and so on the puncture,intubation causes creates for the modern medicine,but my Chinese medicine,the acupuncture and moxibustion definitely may use,the declaration scientific research topic also may.


A 2D electron gas (2DEG) interdigitated transducer (IDT) in Gallium Nitride (GaN) resonators is introduced and demonstrated. This metal-free transduction does not suffer from the loss mechanisms associated with more commonly used metal electrodes. As a result, this transducer can be used for both the direct interrogation of GaN electromechanical properties and the realization of high Q resonators. A 1.2 GHz bulk acoustic resonator with mechanical Q of 1885 is demonstrated, with frequency quality factor product (f·Q) of 2.3×1012, the highest measured in GaN to date.


To his worthie & most honored ffreind, John Raven Doctor of Phisike, &c George Wither wisheth all happines, & sendeth as a token of his hartie love and thankfullnes, these follow ing Poems. It cannot, SIR, in Reason well be thought, That, when the Romaines Guifts & Offrings brought To all the Gods, their Festivalls to followe, That, they forgot the SONNE of great APOLLO: fior, ALSCVLAPIVS (as a powre-Divine) Wthin their great Pantheon, had a shrine: And, such an Error, might have made them feare There would have follow'd, but a siklie year. As this had beene, in their Divnitie [sic], A Solsescime; So, in humanitie, No lesse Absurditie in me it were (Now many other ffreinds remembred are Wth such pore presents, as my state allowe) Jf of yo' ffreindship, J forgetfull growe, Whose Love & Art, hath not, alone, been free, On all Occasions, both to mine & mee: But, also, next to God, the Meanes became Whereby this Day, J live, to say, I AM. What Good soever, J of late had powre To put in practise, in some sort, is Yours; And you may claime a part, in evrie thing Woh to effect, my Witts, hereafter, bring: Because, you have p'serv'd them, by that propp Wherewth you did sustaine their Working shopp; W"h was nigh ruinde by that Dysenterie Whose fflouds halfe sunk mee to Po.'Elysian fferrie.


A disorder parameter is constructed which signals the condensation of vortices. The construction is tested by numerical simulations. Advances in the understanding of the basic properties of QCD vacuum will be reported. Three main subjects will be touched: 1) Condensation of monopoles and confinement. 2) Topology, or instanton physics. 3) Gauge invariant field strength correlators, and their behaviour across the deconfining phase transition.


This study was conducted among pregnant women admitted to two major public hospitals of Fortaleza Ceara Brazil with the diagnosis of loss of pregnancy during October 1 1992 and September 20 1993 using questionnaires and medical records while maintaining the anonymity of the patients. 2084 abortion cases were classified as induced abortion during this period. 2074 patients of these admitted having attempted to terminate their pregnancy themselves. Only 10 cases were classified as induced abortion based on clinical signs (cervical laceration and/or foreign objects in the vagina or the uterus). 59.7% of the women were 20-29 years old and 22.6% were under 20 years old. 4.3% were illiterate and 73.2% had up to 8 grades of elementary education. 61.5% were either singles or did not have a stable relationship. 34% of the patients were homemakers and 10% were students. 26% of the sample had had a previous live birth and 33.1% had had 2 or more previous births. Only 7.7% of the respondents were multiparas with five or more births. 22.2% had a history of previous induced abortion while 11.8% had experienced a previous spontaneous abortion. 61.1% did not use any method of contraception; 12.3% used oral contraceptives 5.3% used condoms 11.2% used the rhythm method 6.4% relied on coitus interruptus and only 1.7% used injectables. 66% recounted having used misoprostol for the induction of abortion either alone or in combination with another abortifacient. 34% of the patients reported inducing abortion by other means including herbal medicines injections and insertion of foreign objects into the vagina. Among the 1369 women who admitted having used misoprostol 89.8% mentioned the ingestion of the drug and simultaneously introducing it into the vagina. Approximately 4.0% and 6.4% respectively admitted having used misoprostol exclusively vaginally or orally.


A novel liquid crystalline epoxy resin containing biphenyl and aromatic ester-type structure 4-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)biphenyl,4''-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)phenyl-4'carboxylate(EBEPC) was synthesized.The structure and phase behavior of the synthesized product were characterized by means of IR,1H NMR,DSC and POM.The result showed that a clear single axis homeotropic nematic droplet texture was obtained.The liquid crystalline epoxy resin was cured with a curing agent diaminodiphenylmethane(DDM).The results displayed that EBEPC/DDM system had a lower curing reaction temperature than the ordinary epoxy resin E-51 system which was also cured by DDM,and the apparent activation energy(Ea) of liquid crystalline epoxy resin system(54.5kJ/mol) was lower than E-51 system(60.7kJ/mol).It indicated that the EBEPC system had higher reaction activity than the E-51 system.


WITH this issue, IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies starts its second decade of publication. Over the first 10 years, the journal has gradually established itself as one of the top journals in the field of educational technology. Its popularity has increased year after year—for example, the number of paper downloads in IEEE Xplore has been doubling every two years while the Impact Factor has risen from 0.823 in 2011 to 2.267 in 2016. The journal is moving into its second decade with a few important changes. Most importantly, the IEEE Educational Society that was a co-sponsor of the journal for the first 10 years, is now the leading and only financial sponsor from this issue onward, with the IEEE Computer Society continuing as the technical co-sponsor. Accordingly, the journal's home page has moved to the Web space of the IEEE Educational Society. Second, the annual page allocation for the journal has been further increased from 450 to 550 pages. This is an important change that will help us reduce our backlog and further shorten the time between acceptance of a paper and its assignment to a specific issue. Finally, due to an increase in publication costs, the journal is changing its open access policy. As the readers know, for its first 10 years the journal was published online using a delayed open-access policy under which paying subscribers and per-article purchasers had access to newly published content, and then, 12 months after the publication of each issue, all readers had access to the content free of charge. As of February 1, 2018, the delayed open access policy has been suspended: all manuscripts submitted by January 31, 2018 will be published (when accepted) under the original 12 months delayed open access policy, but new manuscripts submitted on and after February 1, 2018 will be accessible (when accepted) only to subscribers and per-article purchasers. The paid open access option will remain available to individual papers. The journal remains committed to the idea of delayed open access and plans to restart this policy, but changing from 12 months to N years: i.e., papers will be open access after N years from first publication. The specific number (N) of years will be decided in the future, according to the financial evolution of the journal, and will be applied to all the papers published until that date, not only to papers submitted from that date. That is, all the papers published N or more years ago would be available in open access. In this first issue of 2018, we would also like to bid farewell to several retiring editorial board members. Specifically, we thank Sven Esche, Marcelo Milrad, Christoph Rensing, and Julita Vassileva who have completed two consecutive three-year terms as associate editors. We also thank Ulrike Cress, Effie Law, Euan Lindsay, and Mykola Pechenizkiy who are retiring from the board to focus on other responsibilities. They were an important part of our success. To compensate for this loss of expertise, we are adding new editorial boardmembers – stay tuned for the announcement in the next issue. Finally, it is time to introduce the first issue of 2018, which is a special issue focused on "Innovation in Technologies for Educational Computing." This issue is a joint project between two IEEE Journals, the IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies and the IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing. A team of guest editors including Fabrizio Lamberti, Gwo-Jen Hwang, Baltasar Fern andez Manj on, andWenpingWang carefully planned this issue, directed submissions to one of the two journals, selected the most interesting papers, and shepherded them through several rounds of reviewing and revision. The first part of the special issue was published last year in the IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing. This issue presents the second and the last part of this project. The guest editors provide a separate introduction to the special issuewhere they also briefly review the papers published there. Enjoy your reading!


The insult necessitating admission to the intensive care unit propels the patient along a course involving increasing oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, and adverse outcomes. As the largest immune organ with the greatest microbial burden, the gastrointestinal tract may change the speed and direction the patient follows along this pathway. The gut's influence is mediated by a complex process of cross-talk immune signaling between the intestinal epithelium, the liver, and the microbiome. Agents which invoke this response vary from mitochondrial DNA, inflammatory cytokines, and bacterial organisms to short chain fatty acids and bile salts. The site of action of these agents again varies widely from Pattern Recognition Receptors, G protein receptors, and Farnesoid X receptors in the gut and liver to transcriptional factors in epithelial cells, hepatocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. While the initial focus of response may be local within the gastrointestinal tract and liver, the process extends in a systemic manner to affect immune tissue and various organs at distant sites. The gut can modulate this cross-talk signaling through numerous strategies in design of nutritional therapy. The physiologic response to luminal nutrients and short chain fatty acids, and more novel approaches like use phosphorylated polyethylene glycol, bovine serum-derived immunoglobulin, and specialized pro-resolving molecules may help slow disease progression and even reverse the patient's course toward one of health and recovery. The optimal benefit to be derived from nutritional therapy may have more to do with the degree to which immune cross-talk signaling can be modified by such innovative strategies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Although, income inequality and poverty are being subtly addressed; the often-neglected link is that poor labour force participation among women has serious implications on endemic income inequality and poverty. Even though, women are acquiring knowledge, skills, abilities and other labour related characteristics like their men counterparts, they face considerable discriminations in the employment market. The continued labour participation imbalances against women are suggestive that, the current employment landscape is not yet inclusive and robust. In the current employment terrain, women are disproportionately disposed to making a compromise between paid job and home caring responsibilities. Although, the current review is not an exhaustive designed to cover every issue connected with gender labour participation disparity, the study will achieve the following key objectives. First, to bring into perspective the, underlying structural imbalance in female labour force participation. Second, to provide policy intervention which are necessary to improve female labour force participation. The review found that, while significant improvements have been made in terms of educational opportunities and economic liberalization which improved women participation, there are substantial structural, cultural and institutional impediments that are still holding women back. These obstacles require robust public policy advocacy, committed leadership in implementing relevant gender supportive behaviours.


The efficiency of the trans-critical CO2 cycle can be increased by recovering the work with expander.A two-cylinder rolling piston expander was proposed on the basis of single-cylinder rolling piston expander,and the inlet mecha-nism analysis shows that the clearance volume exists and will reduce some expansion work.Also the entire process of inlet,expansion and outlet was analyzed.A two-cylinder parallel rolling piston expander was designed in the operating condition,and the movement analysis and calculation of the forces were done according to the designed structural parameters.The re-sults show that friction forces between sliding vane and piston are balanced,and so are the gas forces between working fluid and piston.Therefore,only the moment of inertia is needed to be balanced.


The procedure or activity of provoking blind's position and planning and following a route in an internal system. Source Localization is one of the forthright setbacks in incorporation sonar, countless spans, microphone arrays, radar, teleconferencing or videoconferencing mobile phone locale discovering exploration and globe positioning arrangements exact positioning of earthquake epicenters and subversive blasts, robots micro seismic events in mines sensor webs, tactile contact in novel profound human-computer interfaces talker dogging surveillance and sound basis tracking. Our objective is factual period elevated precision wideband sound basis outdoor localization. An extensive hypothesis is traditional for locating exactly to these sound. Conveying a localization prearrangement in suitable wide range of point of a localization zone frequently diminishes the echo degree and in an internal system it use microphone arrays to locate specific voice, remarkably for soaring objects. Additionally countless such sound basis signals are baseband signals. Moreover, indoor raised precision sound basis localization in district climates wants remarkably sensitive and elevated appearance.


This paper proposes a robust load-dependent controller synthesis to improve the lateral stability and performance of an A-double vehicle (tractor-semitrailer-dolly-semitrailer) at high speeds and consequently road safety by active steering of the dolly unit. The mass of the semitrailers resides in an interval between empty and fully-loaded scenarios and can be measured online. The yaw moments of inertia of the semitrailers can significantly change depending on loading conditions. In order to design a gain-scheduled controller with the mass of the semitrailers as scheduling parameters and to guarantee the system performance against the yaw moment of inertia variations in the semitrailers, a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based design framework has been utilized. In this formulation, a descriptor-form representation of the vehicle model is used in order to avoid dealing with rational parameter dependency. The controller synthesis is formulated as an $\mathcal{H}_{\infty}$ -type static output feedback (SOFB), which uses information from one articulation angle which is easily measurable in practice. The simulations results indicate significant improvements in the high-speed lateral performance of the A-double in various loading conditions by suppressing undesired oscillations in the yaw rate of the last semitrailer during sudden lane change manoeuvres.