: Research Question (RQ): Research shows that organizations need employee energies to function, resulting in the processes of creation, the achievement of goals, and collaboration at all levels. In this research study, we are interested whether there exists an interrelated influence of Organizational Energy ( Productive Energy, Comfortable Energy, Resigned Inertia, Corrosive Energy ) and Autopoietic Endowments ( Self-Awareness, Conscience, Independent Will, Creative Imagination ) of employees. We selected Works Council members in Slovenian organizations as the target group for conducting the research study. Purpose: The purpose of the research was to examine the interrelated influence of organizational energy and autopoietic endowments of employees, assuming that a higher level of autopoietic endowments is reflected in a higher value of quality organizational energy. The purpose of this study was also to verify the research instrument. Method: We used a questionnaire as a measuring instrument to collect information for the pilot research. The questionnaires were based on two existing questionnaires and scholarly literature in our field of interest. Results: The research findings confirm the interrelatedness between Autopoietic Endowments and Organizational Energy of Works Council members. However, to check the influence of the independent variable on the dependent one, a larger sample would be needed. The results also revealed that the participants in the study had a higher value of quality- than low-quality energies, which indicates the participants constructive use of personal potentials. Organization: The existence of interrelated influences of Autopoietic Endowments and Organizational Energy is an important insight for organizations that contributes to the understanding of organizational energy management. Society: The conducted research represents a contribution to new findings in the field of implementation of workers' participation in organizations in Slovenia. Originality: There is a dearth amount of research on the topics and the authors did not find research that intertwines organizational energy and the principles of autopoiesis in the context of workers' participation, either in Slovenia or globally. Limitations / further research: The research was conducted in the form of a pilot study to verify the reliability of the questionnaire. The pilot study could be extended to a larger sample, but due to the separation of participants between the pilot and the main research, we decided to obtain a larger sample in the primary research. However, we tried to overcome the limitation by looking for a sample greater than 25, which is an acceptable number for conducting a pilot study to test the questionnaire. More evident are Comfortable Energy and most prominent Productive Energy, where participants rated statements much higher. These two types of energy are considered quality energies. The results thus show that the Works Council member participants in our study, have a higher value of quality- than low-quality energies, which indicates their constructive use of personal potentials.


A magnetic field sensor based on a ferrofluid infiltrated PMMA-microstructured optical fibre is presented. The infiltrated fibre sensor is operating in transmission mode while measuring magnetic fields up to 1250Gauss.


Based on the working experience, the author introduces some types of sliding bearing used in Ex motor, as well as their design features and the maintaining notices during the service. Moreover, the author contributes some suggestions for dealing with the failures that may occur in the operation on sliding bearings.


Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy is a serious health problem that leads to maternal mortality and morbidity. The current article was based on the record of a female patient with primary ovarian ectopic pregnancy.
Case Presentation: The patient was a 28-year-old female with regular previous menstrual cycle and without using any contraception method. She presented with right lower abdominal pain and amenorrhea. Transvaginal sonography findings revealed a gestational sac in the right ovary. Finally, primary ovarian ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed by laparotomy and confirmed by histopathology.
Conclusions: To prevent misdiagnosis, an awareness of this issue should be developed by gynecologists, surgeons, and radiologists.
Keywords: Ovary, Ectopic Pregnancy


Purpose: Ethnic minority entrepreneurs make a significant social and economic contribution with their entrepreneurial activities. This research, therefore, aims to clarify the meaning of ethnic minority entrepreneurship and highlight the factors that influence ethnic minority entrepreneurs' decision to engage in entrepreneurial activities.
Design/methodology/approach: In this secondary research, existing literature has been reviewed and integrated to highlight factors that influence ethnic minority entrepreneurs.
Findings: This research could also create opportunities for further research in the ethnic minority entrepreneurship domain and help policymakers in understanding the needs of ethnic minority entrepreneurs.
Research limitations/implications: These influencing factors are categorised into cultural aspects, disadvantage aspects, opportunity aspect and the resource aspect.
Practical implications: Insight of this paper could help to clarify the meaning of ethnic minority entrepreneurship and provide a better understanding of the drivers and barriers of it.
Originality/value: This paper is original
Paper type: Research paper


Only 5-6 years ago, blood transfusion in the Soviet Union was carried out in the overwhelming majority of cases in the form of citrated blood from a donor. Numerous adaptations, modifications, special devices for direct blood transfusion from a donor have not found widespread use and, one might say, are quickly forgotten at the present time. The main disadvantage of a blood transfusion from a donor is that the donor, being the central figure in each individual blood transfusion, is time-consuming and often difficult to not only examine but also receive it at every necessary moment.


This paper deals with principal local ideals in a class of weighted spaces of entire functions of one variable. Let p > 1 and q > 1, and define E,[p, q] (respectively, Ef[p, q]) to be the space of all entire functions f of one variable which satisfy lf(x + iy)j = O(exp (A lxlx + Al y lq )) for some (respectively, all) A > 0. It is shown that in each of the spaces E,[p, q] and E,[p, q], the local ideal generated by any one function coincides with the closed ideal generated by the function. This result yields consequences for convolution on these spaces. It is also proved that when p # q a division theorem fails to hold for either space E,[p, q] or E,[p, q].


Facial features localization is very important in face recognition by machine. In this paper a novel method which performs main facial features localization in color information is put forward. It utilizes only red component of the color image to simplify processing cost and improve SNR, segments high gray level region and low gray level region in order to localize facial features in segmented regions, first localizes the vertical position of chin, mouth, nose, and eyes with gray level projection, then localizes the horizontal position of them in associated vertical positions. In this method, nose is first localized to aid other features' localization. The output of this method is positions of eyes, position of nose tip and width of nose, position of mouth and width of mouth, and position of chin. Computer simulation shows that this algorithm has high accuracy and good robustness.


Abstract Thyroid cancer is an uncommon tumour and represents only about 1% of all malignancies. However, it is the most common malignant endocrine tumour; and in the UK the annual incidence is reported as being 2.3 per 100,000 women and 0.9 per 100,000 men. Approximately 900 new cases and 250 deaths from thyroid cancer are recorded each year in England and Wales. There is a well-recognized spectrum of pathological variants (Figure 1) and their incidence and prognoses vary considerably.


ABSTRACT This research target is test the influence of worker perception about invitation regulation in laborship area, the existence of union labor and the existence of union to the harmonization relationship between worker and entrepreneur: study of at trade union manager/union labor. The first questioner is to measure the influence about understanding of regulation of invitation in laborship area. The second questioner is to measure the influence workers perception about the labor prosperity, the third questioner to measure the influence workers perception about the existence of union labor, and the fourth questioner is the harmonization between worker and entrepreneur by using alpha cronbach value equal to 0.6. in this research used by an appliance test the doubled linear analysis regression and also test the classic assumption. The result from this research is to show the existence of positive influence and significant of among the influence of worker perception about invitation regulation in laborship area. Labor prosperity and harmonization relationship between worker and entrepreneur by simultant Keywords: worker, labor prosperity, union labor, harmonization relationship


Realistic behavior of deformable objects is essential for many applications such as simulation for surgical training. Existing techniques of deformable modeling for real time simulation have either used approximate methods that are not physically accurate or linear methods that do not produce reasonable global behavior. Nonlinear finite element methods (FEM) are globally accurate, but conventional FEM is not real time. In this paper, we apply nonlinear FEM using mass lumping to produce a diagonal mass matrix that allows real time computation. Adaptive meshing is necessary to provide sufficient detail where required while minimizing unnecessary computation. We propose a scheme for mesh adaptation based on an extension of the progressive mesh concept, which we call dynamic progressive meshes.


It is important for research the chaff cloud interference via digital simulation.An echo signal model of chaff cloud is established for high resolution radar firstly.Then,the basis for digitalizing according to range is deduced,the characteristics of Doppler shift and Doppler extend are pointed out,and the simulation result is given.Finally,the feasibility of simulating the Doppler shift and Doppler spread using VCO is discussed,and putting forward the method of generation chaff cloud interference by hardware.


The present work is motivated by problems in the Statistical analysis of experiments in the field of atomic and molecular spectroscopy. There, measured transition energies (spectral lines) represent differences be¬ tween the energy levels of the emittingor absorbing system. Such data are described by the simplemodel


The research field "Self organized mobile Sensor and Datanetworks" (SomSeD) is introduced. Its purpose is the investigation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). It benefits from interdisciplinary exchange between various institutes of the Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH). Due to different design constraints (such as energy-efficiency and package size) compared to well known classical computer networks, all aspects of the development of WSNs must be reconsidered. This paper describes the advantage of having experts of various faculties both in computer science and electrical engineering in a single research field. In addition to the introduction of the participating institutes, the deployment of a WSN on the TUHH campus will be outlined.


The importance of low frequencies to the perception of spatial impression in concert halls and multi‐channel surround systems is well established. The present paper reports the results of a series of subjective tests that demonstrate the influence of low frequency lateral energy on the perception of listener envelopment. The results show that the laterally‐arriving low frequency energy contributes significantly to listener envelopment, and new objective measures of listener envelopment are derived that account for this effect. The effect of the spatial distribution of low frequency energy on the perception of Bass is also discussed.


Processing for inputting PolSAR image data from an artificial satellite is executed (step S100), a position vector (Pv) and variation vector (Vv) are set from the inputted PolSAR image data, and an observed region is classified into any one of the categories of lake, grass, forest, and town on the basis of a learned type function and an input vector (Xi) in which the set position vector (Pv) and variation vector (Vv) are expanded to a quaternion (step S110). A terrain type can thereby be classified with good precision.


Men go through menopause, too! It's a real health condition and some are calling it "MANopause," and the symptoms of andropause are often misleadig.


An original anthology introducing children to poetry that doesn't rhyme - alliterative verse, riddles, imagist poems, dramatic monologues and fun poems that flaunt the rules of rhyme. The editor is a member of the Barrow Poets and a performance poet.


Introduction: orthopantomography has been widely used before, during and after orthodontic treatment to evaluate root parallelism. Canines are the teeth which usually show the biggest distortion when this technique is used. The position of this tooth is considered by many as a key element to obtain stability after orthodontic treatment. At present, radiographic devices such as Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) provide better precision and reliability in their image. The purpose of this study was to compare the mesiodistal angulation of canines as measured by Orthopantomography and CBCT, taken at the same time and under the same parameters. Methods: angulation was compared with respect to a vertical of the four canines in 29 patients undergoing the final phase of orthodontic treatment, obtained by Orthopantomography and CBCT, using a 3D Galileos® (Sirona®) radiographic device. The root canal and the pulp chamber were taken as reference points of the longitudinal axes of the tooth, RECIBIDO: AGOSTO 25/2009-ACEPTADO: MARZO 23/2010


Here the object is to estimate the effect of scattering by randomly rough seabed and surface waves on attenuation of low‐frequency sound waves in shallow water. The experiment was pursued with CW signals (100 and 230 Hz) in Barents Sea. The transmission loss and interference pattern of a sound field were measured within 100 km of the acoustic sources. Mesoscale relief of the bottom with spatial resolution 10 m and wind parameters were recorded as well. The experimental results (the average sound intensity) were compared with theoretical ones calculated with and without taking into account seabed and surface roughness. The calculation was carried out on the base of modal theory of sound scattering by rough boundaries in a waveguide. It was demonstrated that the random roughness substantially affects the transmission loss for long distances. In this paper the method is suggested for bottom parameter estimation using the statistical attributes of sound field in shallow water with random rough boundaries as w...


The CI chondrites are the most volatile-rich meteorites. Relative to the CI chondrites, the ordinary chondrites have lower abundances of refractory and volatile elements. Four types of fractionations are summarized in a table. Ordinary-chondrite/CI abundance ratios for moderately volatile elements in H- and L-group chondrites are presented in a graph. Possible explanations for the observed relations are considered, giving attention to several processes which could result in the separation of nebular solids and gases.


announcements of African vitality, ascribing these to the continued desire for Westerners to see their own Whiteness reproduced and justified by non-phenotypically white actors. Imagining Africa is a compelling and soundly historical analysis that turns a keenly critical eye to contemporary depictions of Afropolitanism and the waves of positive but ultimately narcissistic Western depictions of a commodified continent. Gabay's archival work is sound, his theoretical interventions are solid, and while he understates the nuanced and effective contributions of earlier scholars such as Achille Mbembe, Chinua Achebe, V.Y. Mudimbe and Stuart Hall at locating Whiteness's self-obsession even in African praise, Imagining Africa offers original and necessary arguments. Gabay begins and ends Imagining Africa with Richard Dyer's earlier plea that Whiteness 'must be made strange'. Imagining Africa makes considerable effort towards provincialising whiteness's universal pretensions and understanding the genealogy behind our contemporary views of the continent. It is a valuable and timely contribution. T . J . TALL IE University of San Diego


This paper proposes a methodology for continuous schedule reduction in construction projects. Based on concepts and principles of Lean Construction the methodology considers actions on three stages to produce improvements and changes: (1) pre-construction, (2) execution, and (3) post-execution. The methodology suggests the application of several tools in accordance with specific needs (detected and desired) on several potential areas of improvement. The methodology was applied to the construction of Gas Stations with the following results in the implementation: reduction of 35% in schedule with respect to original company projects of the same type and 18% reduction with respect to the best schedule ever achieved in previous projects. These results were obtained in a very adverse environment for implementation, therefore, the potential reduction for future projects considers a schedule reduced 43% with respect to the best schedule result obtained during the implementation.


The invention discloses a styrene/isoprene/butadiene tri-component random copolymer of a rare-earth catalysis system and a preparation method thereof. The styrene/isoprene/butadiene tri-component random copolymer is characterized by comprising the following components in weight percent: 5%-55% of styrene, 10%-70% of isoprene, 10%-70% of butadiene, 70%-98% of 1,4-polyisoprene, 70%-98% of 1,4-polybutadiene and 35%cis-1,4-polybutadiene or more. The rare-earth catalysis system is prepared from rare-earth carboxylate, methyl aluminoxane (MAO), indene and butadiene under the protection of nitrogen. The tri-component random copolymer in the invention has the characteristics of high styrene content, high cis-structure content, high random distribution, narrow molecular weight distribution and the like.


Collaborative-contextual learning strongly emphasizes group activities, learning interactions, and collaboration between students in carrying out tasks. In learning with collaborative-contextual methods directed so that students can be actively involved, by conducting learning activities such as presenting assignments, paying attention to explanations from lecturers or colleagues, discussing, asking questions, expressing opinions, and answering questions. The aim of collaborative-contextual learning to be achieved is to improve learning activities and student participation in geomorphology learning. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach and action. The target in this study as the research subjects were 21 students in the third semester who took geomorphology courses. Data collection method using observation (observation sheet), test (question / case study), and documentation (photo, video). Data analysis using interactive analysis. Based on the data obtained from the research results it can be concluded that, the stages of collaborative-contextual learning that have been applied have successfully involved students actively during the learning process. This is because, all stages of learning activities emphasize the involvement of students from the beginning to the end of learning. Students become more active, the learning atmosphere becomes more conducive, group discussion becomes more lively because all group members prepare the discussion material well. They also became more enthusiastic and active in every lesson. With better quality learning, students' understanding of the learning process becomes good and understanding of the lecture material also becomes better


The education is an integral process going beyond the limits of a formal educative system and, among the different educative actors and students; it has as an aim to achieve the all-round formation of the new generation with a personalized character which consists of the personal responsibility and a social character including the social or group responsibility. The orientation actions allow exerting a developing or restoring influence over the essential areas which define the growth of the future professor. With this, the group or students communication is carried out, to facilitate them to assume new roles and links to set them in a developing situation.


Under the background of economic globalization and technological revolution, industrial cluster has become a new successful model for regional economic development as a space framework of economic activity. First, this paper reviews the basic connotation and type of industrial cluster, and then expatiates the internal mechanism of the cluster from five aspects, such as level efficiency, uprightness efficiency, internal system environment, external relationship, right framework coming from equality and dependence. At the same time, the authors make a systematic research and analysis by integrating investigation data of Pudong IC industrial cluster. This paper considers that Pudong IC industrial cluster is the outcome of the industrial transfer from the multinational companies, and it is one of the largest IT-clusters in China. So at the very start, the IC industrial cluster has joined the global network. The multinational companies exert important influence on IC cluster development, but at the same time MNCs control the upgrading of the IC cluster, and impact passively the local innovations in the IC cluster. The paper points out that the IC cluster develops rapid, and has extensive external relationships. But the level relationship in the IC cluster is weak because of lack of good institutional environment. Finally, this paper concludes that only by reinforcing the local network relationships, arousing the desire for gain new knowledge collectively, paying attention to external relationships, grasping the initiatives in industrial development, and building a good institutional environment, can the IT cluster in Pudong develop well and fast in the future.


Submitted for the MAR15 Meeting of The American Physical Society Social consensus and tipping points with opinion inertia1 CASEY DOYLE, SAMEET SREENIVASAN, BOLESLAW SZYMANSKI, GYORGY KORNISS, Rensselaer Polytech Institute — When opinions, behaviors or ideas diffuse within a population, some are invariably more sticky than others. The stickier the opinion, the greater an individual's inertia to replace it with an alternative. Here we study the effect of stickiness of opinions in a two-opinion model, where individuals change their opinion only after a certain number of consecutive encounters with the alternative opinion.2 We focus on the scenario where initially a minority of the population adopts an opinion that is as sticky or stickier than that of the majority, and investigate how the critical size of the initial minority required to tip the entire population over to its opinion, depends on the stickiness of the minority opinion. We analyze this scenario for a complete-graph topology through simulations, and through a semianalytical approach which yields an upper bound for the critical minority size. We present analogous simulation results for the case of the Erdos-Renyi random network. Finally, we investigate the coarsening properties of sticky opinion spreading on twodimensional lattices, and show that the presence of stickiness gives rise to an effective surface tension that causes the coarsening behavior to become curvature-driven. 1Supported in part by ARL NS-CTA, ARO, ONR, and NSF. 2C. Doyle et al, preprint arXiv:1411.1723 Casey Doyle Rensselaer Polytech Institute Date submitted: 16 Nov 2014 Electronic form version 1.4


The mode-matching technique (MMT) is a very efficient method for modeling canonical waveguide junctions by using discrete modal fields. The treatment of open-ended waveguides, however, can not be easily handled in traditional MMT formulations without the introduction of tricky continuum of radiation modes. As an alternative, the method of moments (MoM) can be employed in conjunction with the MMT for solving the resultant (discretized) field integral equation numerically. The numerical calculations, however, make this hybrid approach less than ideal in terms of computational efficiency. In this paper, we present a mode-matching-based solution for modeling open-ended coaxial horns. Closed-form solutions are obtained by using the complex coordinate-stretching formulation of the perfectly matched layer (PML) and the invariance of Maxwell's equations under such analytic continuation. Numerical results presented show good agreement versus other well-established numerical techniques.


The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the micro-interactional processes by which powerful and powerless identities are locally reconstructed. The article specifically examines the interplay between consent and resistance to law-breaking identities. Data consist of transcripts of 45 incidents in which highway patrol officers issue traffic citations. These traffic stops are initiated by the officer's explanation of the citation. The second move, which is initiated by the driver, involves consent to the officer's authority but also forms of resistance to the law-breaking identity. In the third move, the officer reframes the conversation in terms of the officer's state authority and the laws of traffic. Civilians' accounts are analyzed in terms of footing shifts and Goffman's product format roles, offering a glimpse into the negotiation of power and agency between the participants.


Original cultural and historical development of the ancient inhabitants of the Kuril Islands in recent years attracted the attention of a number of native and foreign researchers. The article introduces into science the new archaeological materials from Matua, Paramushir and Shumshu Islands. It presents the description of the sites, stratigraphy and archaeological collection. It also discusses the results of faunal analysis and new radiocarbon dating along with the specification of indigenous source for one sample of obsidian. Discovered and previously known monuments were apparently abandoned by native Jomon, Okhotsk and Ainu cultures whose origins are associated with Hokkaido Island. A decisive influence on the life of ancient sea hunters on the islands were provided by the processes of active volcanism.


Disclosed is a lightweight composite material having high mechanical strength, excellent formability and excellent water resistance, which is reduced in burden on the environment. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing a composite material composed of a natural vegetable fiber and a synthetic polymer, which is characterized by comprising a step for chemically bonding a molecular chain of the synthetic polymer to the surface of the natural vegetable fiber, a step for kneading the chemically bonded fiber with a synthetic polymer which is the same as or different from the synthetic polymer used for the chemical bonding, and a step for forming the thus-obtained kneaded material into a certain shape.


In this essay Professor Janger considers the role of bankruptcy judges in public bankruptcy cases, in light of the scholarly literature on public law judging. He explores the extent to which bankruptcy judges engage in the fiscal restructuring of a municipality use tools, and face constraints, similar to those utilized by federal district court judges in structural reform cases, where constitutional norms are at issue. In both types of cases, judges face a legitimacy gap that exists when vindicating legal norms requires detailed contextualized relief. Successful judges in both contexts are able to create, in effect, a legitimacy feedback loop consisting of five elements: (1) norm; (2) information; (3) participation; (4) consent; and (5) enforcement. These five elements work together in a loop. First, the legal norm that gives the judge jurisdiction over the dispute at the front end, an intermediate institution for developing information and facilitating consent in the middle, and finally judicial power intervenes to review the agreement and enforce it at the back


In previous piled wharf design,the gantry crane rail subsections were generally kept consistent with the wharf structure subsections and the expansion joints were reserved.Since more long gauge rails are used to be the gantry crane rail on the piled wharf now,we start initial discussion of the influence on the gantry crane rail by temperature variation after the application of long gauge rail,and make relevant suggestions on setting expansion joints etc.


In this study, the flowfields around NACA0012 and NACA0002 airfoils at Reynolds number of 23,000 and the aerodynamic characteristics of these flowfields were analyzed using implicit large-eddy simulation and laminar-flow simulation. Around this Reynolds number, the flow over an airfoil separates, transits, and reattaches, resulting in the generation of a laminar separation bubble at the angle of attack in a certain degree range. Over an NACA0012 airfoil, the separation point moves toward its leading edge with an increasing angle of attack, and the separated flow may transit to create a short bubble. On the other hand, over an NACA0002 airfoil, the separation point is kept at its leading edge, and the separated flow may transit to create a long bubble. Moreover, nonlinearity appears in the lift curve of the NACA0012 airfoil, but not in that of NACA0002, despite the existence of a laminar separation bubble.


It is well known that a detonation wave progresses through a cylindrical explosive medium in concentric circles with a constant velocity in all directions providing that the diameter of the charge equals or exceeds the ideal diameter.


This report proposes a reformulation of U.S. ISO/RTO-managed wholesale electric power mar- kets for improved reliability and e ciency of system operations. Current markets do not specify or compensate primary frequency response. They also unnecessarily limit the participation of new technologies in reserve markets and o er insu cient economic inducements for new capacity invest- ment. In the proposed market reformulation, energy products are represented as physically-covered rm contracts and reserve products as physically-covered call option contracts. Trading of these products is supported by a backbone of linked ISO/RTO-managed forward markets with planning horizons ranging from multiple years to minutes ahead. A principal advantage of this reformulation is that reserve needs can be speci ed in detail, and resources can o er the services for which they are best suited, without being forced to conform to rigid reserve product de nitions. This should improve the business case for electric energy storage and other emerging technologies to provide reserve. In addition, the facilitation of price discovery should help to ensure e cient energy/reserve procurement and adequate levels of new capacity investment.


Six Methods",the foundation of the traditional Chinese painting,has assumed new connotations in the modern era. Only after we have gained a better understanding of "Six Methods" and learned how to use it adeptly can we make a good combination of new and old,of science and art. Only by doing so,can the artistic "language" and forms be enriched of the traditional Chinese painting.


The aim of this paper was to assess the impact of heat-waves on mortality in ten Czech cities, using data recorded during the summers of 2015 and 2016. Temperature-related mortality during heat-waves was investigated by comparing mortality figures on heat-wave days and those on other days by means of the Mann-Whitney U test. Results for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases (CVD+R) mortality, as well as for mortality in the over-65 age group, show statistically significant differences (p <0.05) during heat-waves compared with other days in seven of ten cities investigated. The effect of heat-waves on mortality did not reach statistical significance in Olomouc, Plzeň and Liberec. The results suggest that further studies addressing spatial patterns of mortality during heat-waves in urban areas are required to assess the vulnerability of the urban populations in particular cities and types of neighbourhood.


Solutions prepared from baicalin,berberine and houttuynia by decoction were used to test their elimination effects on resistance plasmid(R plasmid) of β-lactamase Staphylococcus aureus based on the minimum inhibitory concentration.The criterion was referenced the U.S.National Committee for Standardization promulgated standards for judgment of elimination.The results showed the three Chinese medicine,baicalin,berberine and houttuynia,had different elimination effects on resistance plasmid of two β-lactamase golden Staphylococcus aureuses and the elimination rate was 15.27%,14.58%,6.25%,5.56%,0.00% and 3.47%,respectively.


Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause severe damage to the skin and is the primary cause of most skin cancer. UV radiation causes DNA damage leading to mutations and also activates the Erbb2/HER2 receptor through indirect mechanisms involving reactive oxygen species. We hypothesized that Erbb2 activation accelerates the malignant progression of UV‐induced skin cancer. Following the induction of benign squamous papillomas by UV exposure of v‐rasHa transgenic Tg.AC mice, mice were treated topically with the Erbb2 inhibitor AG825 and tumor progression monitored. AG825 treatment reduced tumor volume, increased tumor regression, and delayed the development of malignant squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Progression to malignancy was associated with increased Erbb2 and ADAM12 (A Disintegin And Metalloproteinase 12) transcripts and protein, while inhibition of Erbb2 blocked the increase in ADAM12 message upon malignant progression. Similarly, human SCC and SCC cell lines had increased ADAM12 protein and transcripts when compared to normal controls. To determine whether Erbb2 up‐regulation of ADAM12 contributed to malignant progression of skin cancer, Erbb2 expression was modulated in cultured SCC cells using forced over‐expression or siRNA targeting, demonstrating up‐regulation of ADAM12 by Erbb2. Furthermore, ADAM12 transfection or siRNA targeting revealed that ADAM12 increased both the migration and invasion of cutaneous SCC cells. Collectively, these results suggest Erbb2 up‐regulation of ADAM12 as a novel mechanism contributing to the malignant progression of UV‐induced skin cancer. Inhibition of Erbb2/HER2 reduced tumor burden, increased tumor regression, and delayed the progression of benign skin tumors to malignant SCC in UV‐exposed mice. Inhibition of Erbb2 suppressed the increase in metalloproteinase ADAM12 expression in skin tumors, which in turn increased migration and tumor cell invasiveness. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Surveillance for hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women in Greece shows high rates of chronic infection among immigrants 5 and low vaccination-induced protection rates: preliminary results of a single center study Factors affecting the adherence to an antenatal screening programme: an experience with toxoplasmosis screening in France 21 Perinatal and congenital infections cause morbidity and mortality throughout the world. While there are a large number of pathogens that can occasionally be harmful for the unborn child, some are of considerable public health impact, for example rubella, varicella, syphilis, hepatitis B, toxoplasmosis, or infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The advances in the field of clinical microbiology have increased our options in terms of preventive strategies, early diagnosis, clinical interventions and therapeutic alternatives to combat these infections. When a considerable public health impact of a given infection is evident, preventive measures can be discussed in relation to the epidemiology, the available resources and the acceptance in the population. Information on hygienic measures and other means to avoid infection is another cornerstone in the preventive work. Immunisation before pregnancy is an option for rubella, hepatitis B and varicella. In cases where intervention to prevent damage to the unborn child is possible, large screening programmes can be organised in order to identify maternal infections that may otherwise not be recognised due to uncharacteristic or subclinical symptoms. Congenital syphilis can be prevented by antibiotic treatment in early pregnancy, transmission of HIV by antiviral treatment of mother and newborn, and transmission of hepatitis B by vaccination and immunoglobulin treatment of the newborn. Identification of a neonate with congenital CMV infection or toxoplasmosis allows treatment to reduce harm. Lack of resources and appropriate maternal care stand in the way of efficient programmes, but there is also a need of increased knowledge. Many of these interventions could be improved not only by a better understanding of the epidemiology and the impact of the diseases as well as further research into improved diagnostics and treatments and development of vaccines, but also by distribution of information to pregnant women and health care professionals. This issue of Eurosurveillance is dedicated to infectious diseases and pregnancy and contains a number of articles highlighting different aspects of the epidemiology and control and prevention efforts for diseases such as toxoplasmosis, rubella, varicella, sexually transmitted diseases e.g. HIV and hepatitis B, and cytomegalovirus infections. Safe vaccines against, for example, rubella, …


The optimal concentration of dietary protein for larvae of Tenebvio molitor, race F, Gembloux strain, has been the subject of various investigations. When casein provided the protein in the diet, the optimal level was between 2 or 3 and 20 % in one case (LECLERCQ & LOPEZ-FRANCOS, 1964) and 20 % in another (DAVIS, 1970). The difference in concentrations apparently was linked to the amino acid compositions of the caseins used in these investigations. When six oilseed meals provided the dietary protein for larvae of T. molitor, better growth was obtained with 10 % than with 3 % of dietary protein (DAVIS & SOSULSKI, 1972). Because comparative nutrition investigations are in progress using larvae of T. molitor and mice or rats, the question of optimal protein concentration in larval diets has again been posed. The mammalian diets regularly contain 10 % of protein; however, this amount of protein cannot be chosen arbitrarily as optimal for larvae of T. molitor. The present paper reports the effect on growth of larvae of T. molitor of graded concentrations of dietary protein from 1 to 32 %, provided by autoclaved protein isolate of soybean.


Fluid and solid coupling analysis system during rock damage-F-RFPA2D is used in this paper to simulate the roof damage process during mining.The whole process from distortion to damage and its damage rules are obtained.


Abstract 2580 Intravenously administered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are trapped in pulmonary vascular bed and only few MSCs home to bone or other tissues in physiological or pathological conditions. Following intracardiac injection MSCs pass the lung barrier but their homing to bone and tissue localization is uncertain. The aim of the study was to investigate trafficking and exact localization of human MSCs following intracardiac injection into unchallenged mice and a xenograft bone tumor model. MSCs were isolated from human fetal bones (ABR Inc, Alameda CA) and expanded in DMEM-LG medium supplemented with 10% FBS. Global gene expression profiling revealed that the cultured MSCs were devoid of hematopoietic cells and expressed typical mesenchymal markers such as CD166, CD146 and CD90. We have previously shown that these MSCs are capable of differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes and retain their differentiation potential after multiple passages (Haematologica 2006). The MSCs were transduced with a luciferase/GFP reporter in a lentiviral vector and were maximally passaged 8 times before used in vivo. Detection of MSCs in mice was determined by live-animal imaging and ex vivo bioluminescence activity using the IVIS system, by microscopic examination of GFP-expressing cells and by immunohistochemistry for GFP. MSCs (1×10 6 cells/mouse) were intracardiacly injected into unconditioned SCID mice (n=8) using Dovetail Slide Micromanipulator that ensures accurate injection. Following 2 or 7 days after MSC injection to SCID mice, live-animal imaging revealed bioluminescence activity mainly in the mice abdomen but not bone, while ex vivo examination detected MSCs in various abdominal organs, primarily in reproductive organs, intestine and pancreas. Careful microscopic examination revealed localization of MSCs in draining lymph nodes attached to these organs by connective tissue. Immunohistochemistry showed GFP-expressing MSCs in the adjacent mesenteric lymph nodes but not within the organs. To confirm our findings, MSCs were intracardially injected into C57BL6 mice (n=6) that harbor functional lymph nodes. Evans blue dye which is known to accumulate in and identify lymph nodes, was injected into the rear footpad or lateral tail base of the mice, 3 hours after MSC injection and 30 minutes prior to bioluminescence and florescence analyses. The Evans blue dye and GFP positivity were co-localized, indicating specific trafficking of MSCs to lymph nodes. Culturing of the dissected lymph nodes resulted in release of GFP-expressing MSCs which regained their in vitro morphology. For testing MSCs trafficking in a xenograft model, we used our SCID-rab system constructed by implanting a 4-weeks old rabbit bone into which human myeloma cells were directly injected (Leukemia 2004; Blood 2007). In this model myeloma cells grow restrictively in the implanted bone. MSCs injected intracardiacly into SCID-rab mice were mostly found in mesenteric lymph nodes but were also detected in the myelomatous bone 72 hours after MSCs injection, validating the ability of tumor cells to attract MSCs and that these MSCs are capable of transmigration. We conclude that MSCs primarily traffic to draining lymph nodes, partially explaining their in vivo immunomodulatory activity, and that understanding the mechanism by which MSCs traffic to lymph nodes may help develop approaches to shift their homing to desired organs. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that renders the sufferer susceptible to attacks of airway inflammation characterised by wheezy breathlessness. Hospital asthma admissions of epidemic proportions can be triggered by numerous events including thunderstorms. Allergens consisting of starch granules with diameters /spl les/ 1/spl mu/m have been implicated as the causal agent of these thunderstorm epidemics and are released as pollen grains rupture via osmotic shock upon contact with moisture. The meteorological conditions associated with thunderstorms therefore produce an atmosphere with a sufficiently high concentration of respirable allergens that too great an inhalation challenge is presented to sensitive individuals. The wind and rains required to produce this atmospheric abundance of allergens are, however, also found in association with other phenomena not coincident with a rise in asthma incidence and therefore a more specific thunderstorm related cause has been sought. There has been little systematic investigation into the electrical effects of thunderstorms and in particular the accumulation of charge by atmospheric particulates. The effect of particle charge on deposition within the lungs has therefore been investigated using numerical modelling techniques. Initial simulations were carried out using a one-dimensional implementation of Weibel's lung model of the complete airway. Applied particulate concentration was estimated based upon the levels of intact pollen available for rupture at the time of previously investigated asthma epidemics. Inhalation flow rate corresponded to 0.5 litres per second. The Rayleigh charging limit for particles with a 1 /spl mu/m diameter was calculated and deposition simulated using proportions of this unipolar charge level. It was found that increasing charge levels up to the Rayleigh limit affected a shift in peak deposition upward from the alveolar region. Particles of various diameters were then input into the simulation with charge equal to the half their Rayleigh limit. Reducing the particle size from 2 /spl mu/m to 0.25 /spl mu/m again affected a shift in peak deposition but this time into the alveolar region. Further simulation was then carried out using a two-dimensional implementation of Weibel's model of the lower airway only, modified to incorporate the branching structure and alveolated walls found in this region. Multiple breath simulations were performed showing the complex nature of particle residence and deposition within the alveolar region. Deposition efficiencies in the lower airway regions were found to increase with particle charge. This effect was observed to be greater with smaller particle diameters due to their increased mobility. The results of both simple and more complex simulations of the inhalation of particles with diameters appropriate to the respirable allergens thought likely to be the causal agent with regard to thunderstorm asthma have been obtained. An increase in the charge resident on these particles was found to alter the deposition throughout the entire airway and promote proportional deposition efficiency within the alveolar region where provocation of an allergic response is most likely. These results have implications not only for an increased understanding of thunderstorm related asthma epidemics but for the deposition of deliberately introduced particles such as respiratory drugs.


For the original paper see ibid., vol. 45, no. 1. p. 132-5 (1997). The commenter considers that the generalized impedance inverter described in the aforementioned paper with associated theory is essentially identical to that published by him previously (see ibid., vol. 21, no. 8, p. 519-26, 1973).


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate strategy adopted in facility management (FM) and to introduce a framework of studying FM strategy.Design/methodology/approach – The research reported in this paper adopted case study approach. In total, five case studies of FM practices of leading banks in Thailand were chosen. The key data and information were collected by using semi‐structured interview method supplemented by relevant documents. This study examined the FM practices profile, scope and operational programs by using a literature‐based analytical framework of FM strategy content.Findings – Four types of FM strategy were identified based on key value intent that FM attempts to deliver to its organisation: business value focused, workplace focused, facility performance focused and facility cost focused. Each strategy represents a particular domain focus of FM practice, determined to support the organisation's core operations. The paper discusses two levels of strategy concerning FM.Researc...


The main objective of the report was to establish the main appropriate business strategies BP Plc would apply to restore the confidence of the market and the benefits to the shareholders. Being among the top majors of the crude oil & gas extraction industry, BP had to face during the last two years the worst accident which could happen, the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. The strategies of its 3 SBUs have been reviewed and commented, generating recommendations at SBU and corporate level. The Extraction & Production segment (SBU1) needs to review its safety measures and implement a more ambitious policy. The Refining & Marketing segment (SBU2) is concentrating on the reorganization of its refining strategy, notably in the US. The Alternative Energy segment (SBU3) is providing good business thus is recommended to continue investing in bio-fuels and wind energy. At corporate level, BP has to manage carefully the spill trial to be held at the beginning of 2013 in New Orleans.


Loop directed mutagenesis leads to a cupredoxin withthe strongest copper–thiolate bond known to date, high reduction potential and imidazole binding properties.


The family of borazines [(SiCl3)NB(Cln(CH3)1–n]3 was synthesized and characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, as wellas by single crystal structure analysis. After cross-linking with methylamine, a soluble polymer was obtained that was transformed to anall-inorganic random network of nominal composition Si1.0B1.0N3.0C0.9O0.1 (idealized SiBN3C) at 1400 °C. With an on-set of weight loss at 1840 °C and a resistance against rapid oxidation in pure oxygen of up to 1300 °C, the new Si/B/N/C ceramic shows a high temperature performance similar to those of previously reported Si/B/N/C materials.


In this paper, we suggest a new iterative scheme for finding a common element
 of the set of solutions of a split equilibrium problem and the set of fixed
 points of 2-generalized hybrid mappings in Hilbert spaces. We show that the
 iteration converges strongly to a common solution of the considered
 problems. A numerical example is illustrated to verify the validity of the
 proposed algorithm. The results obtained in this paper extend and improve
 some known results in the literature.


The invention discloses a split type filter. The split type filter comprises a first filter part and a second filter part, wherein the first filter part is provided with a net-type filtering core; the second filter part is provided with a paper filtering core; the bottom part of the first filter part is provided with an end cover provided with an internal thread hole in the center; the top part of the second filter part is provided with a flange end cover provided with an external boss at the upper end; the first filter part and the second filter part are connected to form a whole body by threads; a main body of the first filter part is internally provided with a spring with certain pre-tightening force, and the spring abuts against a round baffle with a through hole; the round baffle is connected with a filtering-core lower baffle in a sliding manner; a self-sealing valve is arranged at the lower end of the flange end cover of the second filter part. The split type filter disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the integral type filter is divided into two parts, the structure design is simple, the installation space is reduced, and the installation, disassembly and cleaning are convenient; two-stage filtering capable of achieving respective and independent filtering function is adopted, so that the filtering accuracy is improved; if any part of the filter is damaged, normal working can be achieved by replacing any part and connecting with an undamaged part.


As two leasure elements,film and television and tourism play an increasingly important role in people's social activities and daily life.The film and television programs will be popular by the programs of tourism.The successful film and television programs also play a vital role in enhancing the status of tourism destination and even cause some new tourism landscape.By closely linking film and television industry,thinking film and TV culture as the breakthrough point,and paying attention to tourists' participation and experience,developing characteristic tourism products for different tourists' individuality demand,we should create a film and TV-tourism industry chain which will have special significance and meaning.


Nitrogen is required by plants in large quantities and its deficiency is mostly related to reduction in crop production. A study was conducted to assess the importance of nitrogen in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) transplant production. Transplants were propagated at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 mg∙L N applied as NH4NO3 while 30 mg∙L -1 P applied as NaH2PO4 and 30 mg∙L K as KCl were used. Fergitation was done by floating cavity trays in nutrient solution until the medium reached field capacity. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Sampling was initiated at 21 days after sowing and was done weekly until the transplants were ready for transplanting (when transplants could be pulled out of the cavity easily without breaking) at 42 days after sowing. Nitrogen supply had a pronounce influence on the transplant root and shoot growth. Observations throughout the experiment indicated that increased nitrogen application favoured shoot growth which is an indication that most of the assimilates were partitioned to shoots rather than to roots. Nitrogen application of 120 mg∙Lincreased fresh shoot mass and subsequently enhanced dry shoot mass. As nitrogen was increased from 0 to 120 mg∙L, it


The purpose of this study was to understand occupational therapists' attitudes and knowledge of working with clients in a palliative care setting. No research on the attitudes of working in palliative care has been done on occupational therapists who do not currently work in a palliative care setting. The present study attempted to fill this gap of knowledge by surveying a random sample of 1000 practicing certified occupational therapists licensed in the state of Ohio. One thousand surveys were sent out at the beginning of this study. Thirty one of those surveys were returned due to undeliverable addresses leaving a possible sample size of 969. Three hundred and thirty surveys were returned and 320 of those returned surveys were useable. Therefore the return rate was 34% and the sample population for this study was 320. Of the 320 participants, 10% were male, 90% were female and one participant left this section blank. The mean age of people who participated in this study was 40.82 years (SD = 9.84; range = 23-70). Participant's average years of experience was 15.09 years (SD = 9.43; range = 1-44). Of the 320 occupational therapists who participated in this study, 98% of participants agreed that there is a role for occupational therapy in palliative medicine. The top three roles chosen by participants were positioning, home modification, and caregiver education. The top obstacle that occupational therapists thought kept them from increasing their role in palliative care was lack of awareness of a need of occupational therapy in palliative setting. The United States population is aging and over the next few decades the demands for palliative care will dramatically increase. As previously mentioned, participants reported that there is a lack of awareness of a need of occupational therapy in palliative setting. Therefore, there is a need for occupational therapists to advertise and educate to other health professionals and patients on the variety of services that they can provide. Survey of Attitudes 3 Occupational Therapy and Palliative Care: A Survey of Attitudes and Knowledge "Although people lie dying, they are still living – living with the hope for improvements in some area of life despite acceptance that death is inevitable." – Pizzi, M. A. & Briggs, R., 2004 Researchers and clinicians have found that the process of dying should coincide with living out the remainder of one's life with meaning, purpose, quality, and dignity. Little research has been conducted regarding the role of occupational therapists in a palliative care setting. The studies that have been conducted focus on the perspectives of occupational therapists who work with terminally ill clients (Bye, 1998), how they view their role in a palliative care setting (Rahman, 2000), and their experiences in a palliative care setting (Prochnau, Lui & Boman, 2003). Our most important goal as occupational therapists is to increase our clients' quality of life. This is especially important when a person is dying. Health professionals should remember that dying is still a part of living and that this part of life should not be neglected. The role of occupational therapy in palliative care is focused on how to maximize the client's ability to engage in the former roles of self-care, work, and leisure. No research on the attitudes of working in palliative care has been conducted with occupational therapists who currently do not work in a palliative care setting. The present study will attempt to fill this gap of knowledge. In order to better understand the present study, a description of palliative care will be reviewed. A brief overview of the limited past research on the attitudes of occupational therapists working in palliative care will be presented followed by a description of the present study. Hospice and Palliative Care There is much confusion between the terms hospice and palliative care. Palliative care is the care for clients with a terminal illness. This type of medical care does not concentrate on Survey of Attitudes 4 finding a cure. Instead it focuses on symptom control, quality of life, living life to the fullest, and preparing for death. Hospice is not necessarily a type of medical care, it is a philosophy. When a cure is no longer possible, hospice provides the best in medical, nursing, emotional, and spiritual care. At the center of the hospice philosophy is respect for the decisions of each patient and family member. Hospice is not about dying; hospice is living every moment fully." (The American Hospice Foundation, 2009) Hospice delivers palliative care as a service with its primary focus on pain management and the comfort of a client above all else. Hospice is specifically geared towards the very end of life or the final phase of a terminal illness. In the United States a person can not enter into a hospice program unless he/she is in his/her last six months of life. Hospice services can be provided at a hospice facility, the patient's home, a hospital, or a nursing home. The Hospice Association of America reported that in 2006, 797,117 people were provided with palliative care in Medicare certified hospice settings alone. The Role of Occupational Therapy in Hospice The occupations that dying people experience are unique to each individual and span across both physical and psychological areas of need. Once a person is aware of an impending death, the occupations that he/she chooses to engage in take on greater importance. The actual experience of dying seems to intensify the significance of occupational choices for not only the dying person, but the families, friends, and staff as well (Jacques & Hasselkus, 2004). Optimizing levels of function in meaningful activities, occupational roles, and in functional mobility for as long as possible is one of the benefits that occupational therapy offers the client in palliative care (Pizzi & Briggs, 2004). Every Medicare certified hospice is structured to have an occupational therapist on staff. As the number of hospice programs nationwide continues to increase, occupational therapists Survey of Attitudes 5 need to assert the importance of their role in this setting. With many therapists working in home settings and 79% of hospice clients dying in a private residence (National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, 2006), a major opportunity is presented for home evaluations and the provision of assistive equipment. There are many challenges when working with terminally ill clients. Occupational therapists working in palliative care must be able to redefine their goals and objectives and be able to work in the immediate present, without a definite future to plan (Dawson, 1993). Therapists need to help clients live in the moment, have quality of life, and live out their last days engaged in activities they enjoy doing (Bye, Llewellyn & Christl, 2001). Therapists also should seek ways to help clients make the transition from life to death by addressing their need for closure in life and facilitating the necessary care they will require when they are no longer able to care for themselves (Bye et al., 2001). The aim is to affirm clients' remaining lives while helping them prepare for their death (Bye et al., 2001). In doing so, therapists can feel that they have made an important contribution to clients' lives, even when the final outcome is death (Bye et al., 2001). Occupational therapists in a palliative care setting should adopt a client centered approach to assessment, intervention, goal setting, and evaluation. They should frame therapy on comfort and quality of life rather than on rehabilitation (Trump, Zahoransky & Siebert, 2005). This helps to provide the patients with a sense of control and dignity. Interventions can include, but are not limited to, activity modification, environment modification, therapeutic activity, relaxation, stress management, client and caregiver education, preparing for death, and caregiver support. Occupational therapists have the ability to focus on how to maximize the patient's Survey of Attitudes 6 ability to engage in the former roles of self care, work, and leisure (Folts, Tigges & Weisman, 1986). In the early stages of the dying process slow-stream rehabilitation strategies can be allied for small improvements and maintenance of function for as long as possible (Bye et al., 2001). Throughout the middle stages of the dying process a traditional rehabilitative approach may no longer be an option. Therefore, compensatory strategies are introduced. With equipment and modified techniques, clients and families are assisted to maintain quality of life as function begins to decline (Bye et al., 2001). In the end stages of the dying process further decline in functional ability limits many activities and the client may require significant care and support from others. The individual is supported and assisted to engage in daily life as desired. At this time, therapists work with the family and the health team to assist clients and loved ones to have quality of life and to manage care at this stage (Bye et al., 2001). During the last stage of life, assessment targets the caregivers and the care environment more than the client and his or her functional status (Bye, 1998). The outcomes of therapy should help clients live as normally as possible within their otherwise changing reality to help clients achieve a sense of control in their lives. Helping clients and caregivers to manage the required care needed during the terminal stages allows them to feel safe and supported. Occupational therapy has the ability to facilitate a sense of closure in life by engaging in desired activities for a final time and making farewells to people, places, and things (Bye et al., 2001). Past Research on Occupational Therapy and Palliative Care Allan Kellehear (1990) emphasized the importance of having a good death and stated that there are five things that must occur to ensure this. F


A bstract: Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome with characteristics of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia can lead to the formation of excessive free radical compounds that trigger oxidative stress, especially on pancreatic β cells. Swallow nest contains amino acids which are insulin-forming compounds and glutathione that can act as a major reducing agent and antioxidant defense. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of swallow's nest water extract as a pancreaprotector through oxidative mechanism in rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) induced by streptozotocin. The rats induced by streptozotocin at a dose of 40 mg/kg BW and then randomly divided into 4 groups. Control groups were given aquades and 3 treatment groups, respectively were administered swallow's nest water extract at doses of 1, 10, 100 mg/kg BW for 21 days. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured on 7, 14 and 21 day. MDA measured after  the animal is determined  at day 28th.Level of  fasting blood glucose and MDA were analyzed by statistic using Kruskal Wallis test followed by multiple comparisons Mann Whitney test. There was a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose level with p = 0.04 in all treatment groups compared the control group. The administration of swallow nest extract significantly decreased MDA pancreas with p value = 0.000 and dose 100 mg/kgBW extract of swallow's nest significantly decrease pancreatic MDA level. The administration of swallow's nest water extract shows decrease of fasting blood sugar and has a protective effect on the rats' pancreas  through oxidative mechanism. Keywords: Swallow's nest extract, MDA


Horsfalls toxicity design and the method of control hypha germination were used to the toxicity test of jingangmycin A, diniconazole and their mixtures to Ustilaginoidea virens. The method of Wadley was used to estimate the synergistic interaction of fungicides in mixtures. The results showed that the mixtures in 3:1and 5:1 had synergistic interaction.


Based on the investigation, the paper introduced the production, import and export, and consumption of the natural gas in China, introduced the production technique and status of the coal to natural and predicted the future development ten dency. Based on the study on the present status and policy of the natural gas and the coal to natural gas, the development of the coal to natural gas was considered and the proposals were provided.


Elasticity decrease of the arterial system can be caused by adult diseases such as atherosclerosis due to aging and it can increase afterload of the heart and ultimately cause cardiomegaly or even cardiac failure. There have been a variety of studies about relationship between elasticity of the arterial system and the heart mechanics. However, there have been a lot of limitations in clinical and experimental in-vivo studies and numerical simulation has been an alternative method. In order to compute and analyze relationship between elasticity change of the artery and the heart mechanics, an integrative cell-system model was designed by linking previous novel vascular system models, cardiac muscle cell model, and biological Laplace heart model. Physiological sequential events were simulated from cross-bridge mechanics to the heart mechanics and vascular systems. Results showed that the heart reduces cross bridge elongation length to overcome higher afterload of the heart due to elasticity decrease of the arterial system.


Based on the analysis of globalization in civil engineering and education,this paper proposed the importance and necessity of setting up the course of international civil engineering management.It is further proposed the course should cover all aspects of the latest development in civil engineering,such as the common practices in project management,the impact of cultural differences,the challenging role of leaders and leadership,the complexity of market characteristics,and the operation and influence of professional and trade associations.In order to integrate theory with practice,it is highly recommended that case studies are used in the teaching and students are encouraged to work collaboratively towards their assessment.Finally,a multi-scale assessment is introduced to evaluate students' learning outcome,including their ability to think critically,their presentation skills and teamwork spirit.


The influence of gap between wooden members and displaced nail-plates in roof trusses is investigated by means of probabilistic calculations and structural optimization. The employed mechanical mod ...


The outbreak of COVID-19 poses great challenges to China in all aspects of disaster management from emergency medical care to city logistic support. The authorities are particularly aware of the need for psycho-social responses as COVID-19 demonstrated very high infectivity and its deceased rates at the beginning was very high in the congested city of Wuhan. When the city was locked down with short notice the whole community of Wuhan citizens were thrown to horror and immense anxiety. Volunteers of medical, counseling and social work background from all over the country joined to form support teams on line, though they have limited training in crisis intervention. This study derived from the records of supervising these interdisciplinary support teams analyzed the contents as well as stages of psychological reactions of the victims, including the suspected patients, patients and their family members, ex-patients, and average community residents who at any time may fell sick. Records showed that there was a prolonged "Impact Stage" as it took considerable time for central government to mobilize medical resources from other provinces to rescue. Heroic stage was almost non-existent, for patients and their families, as they felt defeated and absolute hopeless when medical resources was totally out of reach. Disillusionment, marked by anger, depression and frustration, immediately set in. The building of cabin hospitals brought to the victims a temporary sense of security and safety, which may be regarded as a phase of Honeymoon. However, disillusionment started to rise again when patients were discharged to the community. Ex-patients were found to have a strong sense of shame while prejudice against the sick was widely held by residents. As PTSD normally has a delayed effect, the findings pointed to the urgent need of providing community mental health services targeting at the victims and their families. Proper health education to correct misconceptions towards the recovered patients must be launched to prevent blaming the victims.


Web3D technologies have made it possible for users to browse and manipulate 3D CG model data on the Web. Usually, such data requires users to interact with it in order to see its attribute information and its attached behavior. To automatically present 3D CG data and its attribute information, it is necessary to create 3D CG animation in advance. However, much time and cost is needed to create 3D CG animation that introduces its shape and its attribute information. We aim at constructing a mechanism that automatically produces 3D CG animation from the original 3D CG model data and its attribute information. 3D CG data has become popular on mobile phones such as i-mode. It is, however, difficult for users to interact with such data on mobile phones, because of their limited interaction capability and small-size screen. To cope with the problem, we also need to have a mechanism that produces 3D CG animation in an autonomous manner. We propose a way to automatically generate 3D CG animation from the original 3D CG model data and its attribute information. With the proposed method, users can browse 3D CG data and its attribute information in a "less clicking and more watching" manner. The proposed system automatically generates CG animation synchronized with synthesized speech from 3D CG contents and their attribute data. We also propose a method to generate a presentation for multiple 3D CG objects, that emphasizes the major differences in their attribute information.


A longitudinal transmission locking device of a photoelectric tracking gas cutter comprises a frame, a manual operation mechanism, a driving device and an adjusting device, wherein the manual operation mechanism is arranged at one end of the frame, and the driving device and the adjusting device are arranged at the other end of the frame. The driving device comprises a guide shaft, wherein a guide seat on the guide shaft is fixedly connected with a guide plate, a servo motor, a reduction box and the guide plate can move together along the guide shaft, and an output shaft of the reduction box is connected with a gear which is meshed with a rack on a rail. The adjusting device comprises a rotary shaft, wherein a traction plate is arranged at the upper end of the rotary shaft, a wheel ejecting plate is arranged in the middle of the rotary shaft, a wheel ejecting shaft is arranged on the wheel ejecting plate, and a bearing is arranged at the lower end of the wheel ejecting shaft. A first bolt and a second bolt are arranged on the guide plate, a spring is arranged on the second bolt, and the other end of the spring is connected with the frame. One end of a steel cable is connected with the manual operation mechanism, and the other end of the steel cable is connected with the traction plate. By means of the longitudinal transmission locking device of the photoelectric tracking gas cutter, time taken by longitudinal walking of the gas cutter on the rail is shortened, and locking or unlocking transmission can be quickly performed on any machining position. In addition, the longitudinal transmission locking device of the photoelectric tracking gas cutter is simple in structure and convenient to operate.


The behaviour of building occupants can have a significant impact on in-use energy performance. In these pilot studies, based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model, interactivity was incorporated in the design of behavioural interventions to assess its effectiveness in promoting energy-saving behaviours. An interactive poster and an interactive prompt were designed to 'nudge' occupants' behaviours towards energy-saving. The poster was installed in an office building and was intended to encourage occupants to save energy by taking the stairs, rather than the lifts, by providing them with cumulative metaphorical feedback. The prompt was installed in student halls of residence and intended to act as a reminder to the occupants to turn the lights off by providing them with an immediate playful reward. The results showed that interactivity can 'nudge' occupants' behaviours when it is combined with a clear message/feedback. The results also suggest that simple immediate feedback can be effective in encouraging energy-efficient behaviours.


Trichomonasis, which is brought on by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, is the most prevalent non-viral, curable worldwide sexually transmitted disease that affects millions of individuals every year. Numerous immunological and biochemical elements were discovered to be involved in the pathogenesis of T. vaginalis. In our study, we sought to determine how T. vaginalis virulence and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) interact. 350 women (15–65 year) who visited a women's and gynecological hospital in Karbala between November 2021 and June 2022 for this study provided swabs of vagina, samples of urine and samples of blood took place. Routine urine analysis and examination of by direct microscopic to vaginal swabs were used to identify parasites, and its ELISA approach was used to calculate serum (LTB4) levels. Participating women filled out a questionnaire that asked about their age, place of residence, marital status, degree of education, reproductive potential, and use of contraception. As a result, only 100 of the 350 cases tested positive for T. vaginalis, with an age group (15–24 year) having the highest frequency and the age group 65+ having the lowest incidence (15-24). 55 years). -65) years. By educational background, 18 women (28.57%) were illiterate, 22 (29.33%) in primary education, 42 (28.18%) in secondary education, and 18 (28.57%) in bachelor level. They did not differ significantly from one another (P=0.998). In healthy, non-patient-infected women, the mean and standard deviation of serum (LTB4) were 19.14 and 7.14, respectively, but in patient-infected women, they were (96.41 and 25.9). did. (P 0.001) Significant difference. We can infer from the current study that women who had T. vaginalis infections had significantly higher serum levels of LTB4.


This article describes clinical experiences of therapists with autistic clients during early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic while engaged in remote intervention in Canada. The authors polled their team of mental health clinicians through an email questionnaire and infused their own practice experiences to summarize mental health themes, and adaptation to technology-based intervention. Clinicians shared responses to the pandemic and reported on their transition to remote intervention.


The device (1) comprises a lancet needle (2) axially movable inside a housing. When the tip of the lancet (2) is retracted the small blood sample is collected in a gap in the bottom of the housing. The lid is made of a test strip (9) with a particular area positioned above the receptacle and to be used for the examination by the laboratory technician. The devices (1) are injection molded in a row (13) beside each other in a first step, covered by the test strip material (14) in a second step, and finally separated for individual use.


This paper summarizes the functional mechanism of ultrasonic cavitation,and introduces the application of ultrasonic wave technology in aspects of the extraction process,emulsification and demulsification,membrane,polymer synthesis.


This is the third in a series of three articles in which the results of the NACADA Academic Advising Survey 2000 are presented. In this article, advisor satisfaction and suggested avenues for service and professional enhancement are reported. These factors are examined according to the type, mission, and size of the respondents' institutions. In addition, comparisons are made between faculty advisors and professional staff advisors, between advisors and academic administrators, between respondents from centralized and decentralized advising offices, and between advising offices located in academic units and administrative units.


Subject
 Brexit outlook.

 Significance
 If Prime Minister Theresa May can get the Withdrawal Agreement (WA) and Political Declaration on future relations approved in Parliament this week, the United Kingdom should leave the EU on May 22. However, it remains unlikely that her deal will gain a parliamentary majority, setting up a different deadline. The United Kingdom must come up with an alternative plan by April 12 or face the prospect of crashing out of the EU with no deal.

 Impacts
 The United Kingdom could have a new prime minister within weeks; a general election cannot be ruled out.
 The EU will remain distracted by Brexit as it heads into a season of political change beginning with European Parliament elections in May.
 As a final option, May could commit to resigning to get support for the WA from Conservative Party MPs.


A theory of classical limit is developed for quantum theories, the basic observables of which correspond to elements in some real Lie algebra L0. For both quantum and classical systems based on L0 the basic observables are contained in a unique universal algebra. This is the universal enveloping algebra U for the quantum case, and a universal commutative Poisson algebra L for the classical case. U and L are connected by a system of contraction maps. For certain sequences of representations and of vector states defined by them renormalized expectation values of the quantum variables are shown to converge to values of the corresponding classical variables at some point in the classical phase space. The classical phase space is obtained as a limit of certain systems of coherent states. The general theory is illustrated by several examples and counterexamples.


The article is based on an oral history interview with the longtime chairwoman of the "Work Group for Dutch-German Cultural Exchange" (Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft Deutsch-Niederlandische Kulturarbeit), Marta Baerlecken, nee Hechtle (*1906), who accompanied and contributed to the development of Dutch Studies as academic discipline in 20th century Germany nearly from the beginning onwards. The first part of the article focuses on the history of the Dutch-German Institute at Cologne University, founded in 1931 with financial and moral support from the Dutch Government, with which she was affiliated since 1935. Originally set up as modern bi-national area studies institute, it soon got under pressure from volkisch and national-socialist groups and became entangled into the aggressive German policy towards the West. Her report brings the internal scholarly and political debates and disputes to the fore, as well as the essential questions of resistance, accommodation or collaboration in an academic context in this time. The second part of the article deals with the development of Dutch Studies as academic discipline in early Post-War Germany and the Federal Republic.


Although social metadata has strengths in creating amount of user-contributed resource descriptions, its function is limited because of its non-systematic characteristics. This research proposed an alternative approach to semantic organization of social metadata. It analyzed the semantics of tags created in LibraryThing in order to provide bibliographic categories for describing information resources. Social information Architecture is adopted in generating the bibliographic categories so that social metadata framework can be constructed. This framework can provide the conceptual foundations for semantically organizing social metadata and is expected to be applied to the existing approaches to automatically organize social metadata. 키워드: 소셜 메타데이터, 소셜 인포메이션 아키텍쳐, 태그, 서지적 카테고리, 기술사항, LibraryThing Social Metadata, Social Information Architecture, Tag, Bibliographic Category, Resource Description, LibraryThing


This paper presents a hardware and a soft ware study results which can perform measurement, analysis, and simulation of EM (electromagnetic) environment that affects on mobile radio receivers. EM environment data with GPS (Global Positioning System) information were collected, and EM environment was simulated based on these. A simulation program which can be an evaluating tool for the analysis of receiver performance was developed


In their chapters, Shuichi Furuya and Cristián Correa have provided strong evidence to support the claim that there is a right to reparation for victims of armed conflict. Both have also emphasised the extent to which the right to reparation is recognised, particularly under international human rights law and not only in relation to victims of armed conflict. Indeed, it is under this branch of public international law that States have explicitly recognised this right in various treaties such as the United Nations (UN) Convention on Enforced Disappearance or the UN Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman andDegrading Treatment. Importantly, both chapters move away from a discussion about the existence of a substantive right to reparation of victims of armed conflict towards a discussion about its operationalisation.


Optimum conditions for the analytical determination of isonicotinic acids hydrazide in urine using ammonium methavanadate reactant are established. A noninvasive method for the indirect determination of N-acetyltransferase activity in humanhepoatocytes is proposed, which is based on the measurement of isoniazid fraction excreted with urine for 6 h.


In countries with secure property rights, corporate transparency improves investment efficiency and increases growth by alleviating information asymmetry. However, in countries with insecure property rights, greater transparency can increase the risk of government expropriation. Therefore some firms that would benefit most from transparency cannot take full advantage of it, as they set sub-optimal transparency levels. Using data from 59 industries in 69 countries, we find that in countries with weak property rights protection, industries that would benefit the most from transparency exhibit worse investment efficiency and grow more slowly than industries that can efficiently operate at minimal levels of transparency.


High density integrated optics on the scale of VLSI is of interest as it allows complicated optical interconnect circuitry to be mass produced. In this paper we present micron-sized high Q resonant cavity structures based on silicon on insulator devices. These resonant cavities may be used in channel dropping filters and modulators. Because of their small size, they have high packing densities on the order of one million devices per square centimeter. This technology has the added advantage in that it can utilize the embedded VLSI electronics manufacturing capacity. In previous work, we studied silicon on oxide photonic band gap (PBG) devices and demonstrated devices with a 400 nm stop band and with a defect which had a Q of 265 centered at a wavelength of 1560 nm. In addition, we fabricated 3 to 5 micrometer radii micro-rings with Qs of approximately 250 and free spectral widths of over 20 nm. In this work, we report results on micro-racetracks, which are oval shaped resonators, with resonances that are approximately 16 nm apart and Qs of about 1000. These racetracks incorporate a vertical coupling technology in which the bus waveguides and the ring are on separate planes. This vertical coupling scheme allows for independent control of the Q of the ring via the distance between the ring and the bus. We demonstrate higher order multi-resonator filters with similar Q and free spectral range to the single resonator filters. The individual resonators in each filter have slightly different resonant frequencies from each other resulting in multi-peaked resonances and lower drop efficiencies. Finally, we show that it is possible to thermally tune the resonances by 1 nm leading to a 10:1 contrast ratio.


Let the space Id(A) of closed two-sided ideals of a Banach algebra A carry the weak topology. We consider the following property called normality (of the family of finite subsets of A): if the net (Ii)i in Id(A) converges weakly to I, then for all a E A\I we have liminfi Ila + I ll > 0 (e.g. C*-algebras, L1 (G) with compact G,... ). For a commutative Banach algebra normality is implied by spectral synthesis of all closed subsets of the Gelfand space A(A), the converse does not always hold, but it does under the following additional geometrical assumption: inf{Ipll 0211;P1,(P2 E A(A),pi $o : } > 0.


It is well known that the circadian timing system is very sensitive to environmental light, which is not surprising given the continuous cycling of environmental light during the evolution of species and their biological clocks. Much less attention has been paid to the effect of temperature cycles on the circadian clock; these have, of course, also been present, coupled to light cycles, throughout the evolution of life. The present review addresses thermosensitivity of the neuronal substrate of the biological clock, and of the oscillations in behavior and physiology driven by the clock in ectotherms and homeotherms, which include humans. This overview of findings indicates that the biological clock is sensitive not only to local brain temperature but also, and possibly differentially, to skin temperature. Future research should be aimed at discerning the effects of these two thermal inputs on clock mechanisms. Thermosensitivity may be less pronounced than photic sensitivity. However, with a better understanding of the details of the circadian timing system thermosensitivity, it may prove feasible to apply temperature-cycle entrainment in order to ameliorate sleep-wake rhythm disturbances in blind, elderly and demented subjects that lack appropriate entrainment to light cycles.


THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FILLER ON pH, WATER CONTENT, FLAVOR AND ELASTICITY OF BEEF MEATBALL. This research was aimed to determine the effect of different fillers on pH, water content, flavor and elasticity of beef meatball. This study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and four replicates at each treatment. The treatments were involving 15% concentration of different fillers (R) including: R1 = tapioca flour, R2= sagu flour, R3 = corn flour, and R4 = wheat flour. The Variables were pH, water content, flavor and elasticity. The mean difference was tested using BNJ Test. The results showed that the filler of each flour in beef meatball significantly affected (P<0.05) on flavor, but did not affect the pH value, water content and elasticity onthe beef meatballs. It was concluded that the use of wheat flour(high protein) produced the best meatball quality of flavors, very preferred by panelists.Key words: beef, meatball, fillers.


There are some instructional tools that teachers must prepare before teaching such as students' worksheet and lesson plan. They are very necessary or the teaching and learning process. However, a scientific-based approach has not been implemented for grade 7th junior high school students in craft lesson. The purpose of this research is to develop valid, practical, and effective worksheet and lesson plan using the scientific-based approach in learning craft for grade 7th junior high school students to improve the learning process that is aligned with the 2013 curriculum. This research is a research and development that refers to 4-D model. The validity of students' worksheet and lesson plan are evaluated by experts judgment, their practicality is evaluated from the teachers' and students' respond, while their effectiveness is reviewed from the students' learning outcomes. Data collection techniques, as well as instruments used, are interview guidelines, observation sheet, validation sheets, questionnaires, and test. The results show that the developed students' worksheet and lesson plan are valid in terms of approach, content, form, language, graphic skills, components, formulation, and language used. They are also practical in terms of ease of use, usefulness, and time allocation. Then, they are effective because the students' learning outcome is increased to 87.18%. They pass the minimum passing grade. Thus, the developed students' worksheet and lesson plan have met valid, practical, and effective criteria.


Previous studies have shown that in addition to environmental influences, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a strong genetic component. The goal of the current study is to identify regions of linkage for T2DM in ethnically diverse populations.


Global Positioning System technique is widely used to monitor all kinds of buildings and constructions′deformations.According to the characteristics of the high precise GPS deformation monitoring,the theory and practice of the SSDM(Similar Single-Difference Methodology) for GPS deformation monitoring are introduced synthetically from the following six aspects.The backgrounds of the SSDM are introduced in the first part,the essential mathematic model is given in second parts.The error sources and control measurement are analyzed in the third,the monitoring schemes adopting the SSDM Methodology are introduced in the fourth part.The software is simply introduced in the fifth part and the important conclusions are summarized in the last part.In this paper,some arguments are given in mode of reference literatures.


In this paper, we investigate the problem of topology aggregation in QoS-based routing. We propose a new algorithm to perform full-mesh and modified-star aggregation, which is simple and effective in a network with additive and concave parameters constrained. The time complexity is O( b2 ) , where b is the number of border nodes. We extend the algorithm to topology aggregation with multi-parameters constrained. The simulation results show that our algorithm has very good performance in terms of success ratio.


We succeeded in fabricating the uniform spherical titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) hollow particles improved photocatalytic activity by doping nitrogen under visible light irradiation using new processing. To prepare the uniform spherical nitrogen-doped TiO 2 particles with monodispersed size distribution and monodispersed pore distribution, we performed the reaction crystallization within the con fi ned droplet by inkjet nozzle. The absorption edge of the TiO 2 particles shifted to the lower wavelength side with an increase in the sintering temperature. TiO 2 particles prepared by an inkjet process exhibited spherical porous structures with uniform size distribution, resulting that this process would be controllable to nitrogen-doped TiO 2 particles. The results indicated that the chemical states of the nitrogen doping and the light absorption characteristics of the TiO 2 particles could be controlled by the sintering temperature.


A series of styrene-vinylferrocene random copolymers is synthesised and characterised. Their adsorption from carbon tetrachloride and from chloroform is measured on to pyrogenic SiO2, TiO2 and Al2O3. The level of adsorption depends on the solvent, the adsorbent and the copolymer composition. From chloroform, very few vinylferrocene units are required to increase adsorption markedly above that of polystyrene, and further compositional change has little effect on the level of adsorption. The compositional dependence of adsorption of the copolymers from carbon tetrachloride is more complex. 1H NMR studies show that a very high proportion of repeating units are held close to the silica surface. With polystyrenes, the fraction of units of restricted mobility decreases with polymer molecular weight and with surface coverage; at partial surface coverage virtually all the phenyl groups of low molecular weight polystyrene (mol. wt. = 4000) are immobilised. The copolymers also show large restricted fractions, which decrease along the adsorption isotherm, but which show no significant dependence on polymer composition. Higher restricted fractions seem to be associated with poorer solvent quality.


The intrasubfamilial classification of Microdontinae Rondani, 1845 (Diptera: Syrphidae) has been considered a challenge ever since the name was first used in 1845. Although 59 genus group names are available, still more than 300 out of over 400 valid species names are classified in the single genus Microdon. The present paper is part of a project aimed at resolving the supraspecific taxonomy and classification of the subfamily, based on a phylogenetic analysis of both morphological and molecular data. This paper describes 174 morphological characters and evaluates their diagnostic value for separating the group and its taxa from other Syrphidae. Two sets of species were analyzed: a subset of 96 species for which also molecular data are available, and a total set of 189 species which includes 93 species for which only morphological data were available. The characters were analyzed in cladistic parsimony analyses, both under equal and implied weighting, and the results were compared with those of a combined analysis of morphological and molecular characters (the 'preferred tree' of Chapter 4). The estimation of 'appropriate' strength of the implied weighting function (k-value) was explored by comparing the results of a range of k-values. The analyses under implied weighting performed better than those under equal weighting in terms of the proportion of clades equal to the clades in the preferred tree. The following measures for evaluating the results under different k-values are discussed: SPR-distance, distortion coefficient sensu Goloboff, Robinson Foulds distance, the percentage of groups of the preferred tree recovered in the examined tree, number of nodes with Jackknife frequency >50%, average Jackknife frequency for all nodes in the tree, GC frequency difference. These measures are subsequently used for evaluating the trees obtained from an analysis of the morphological characters of the total set of 189 taxa. GC frequency difference is identified as a potentially useful measure for determining the k-value most suitable for analysing a dataset using an implied weighting function.


Anaphylaxis is the most common systemic allergic reaction caused by bee stings. Delayed-type allergic reactions, including serum sickness, occur much less frequently. We report a 27-year-old man who developed serum sickness reaction nine days after multiple bee-stings. He had complained of erythematous skin rash, fever, arthralgia, myalgia and proteinuria. High specific IgE to bee venoms (honeybee, yellow jacket, yellow hornet) were observed by CAP system and C3, C4 and circulating immune complex levels measured by C1q binding assay showed normal values. We report a case of serum sickness reaction caused by multiple bee stings.


Compared with healthy children, pediatric oncology patients have impaired sleep and engage in less physical activity (PA). Socioeconomic status (SES) may be one determinant of PA and sleep among pediatric oncology patients.


Digital Image Processing is an important field of computer science significantly focused on providing solutions to extract patterns and features from the given set of images. Image processing algorithms can very useful and can provide information such as edge detections in the given set of welded images. This technique to identify the edges can play a role in determining the quality of welding and thereby reducing the cost of maintenance. Edge detection algorithms such as Canny, Prewitt and Sobel are very efficient in identifying the spread of edges in the given greyscale welded images. In this research, the edge detections of the given set of greyscale welded images are compared with the edge detections of a quality welding images. The types of welding were considered for the comparison, namely, ARC and MIG welding of steel joints. Based on the results, it was found that samples obtained from the laboratory tests were have a quality of only 25% match in comparison with reference good welds.


*Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. On arrival in the anesthesia room, the patient's nares are sprayed with 4 per cent lignocaine, and a drop of 1 per cent ephedrine in oil is instilled into each nostril to shrink the mucous membrane. An ataractic is then injected intravenously through a Gordh needle. Mepazine or a chlorpromazine-meperidine mixture was used in a few cases but for the majority ThalamonaP, a 50:l mixture (2.5 mg.:0.05 mg.) of droperido1 and fentanyl, in a dose of 4 to 5 ml., was used.


Scrap metal collectors, working on the periphery of society, sustain the ground level operation of a lucrative global market. Benedicte Florin and Pascal Garret's immersive ethnographic study reveals the exploitation and illegitimacy yet resourcefulness of Roma and other marginalized workers in Paris, whose plight has worsened since COVID-19.