Brazil's national health system is expanding toward universal coverage as a result of the Family Health Strategy (FHS), a community-based approach where interdisciplinary health care teams provide primary care for a geographically defined population. FHS teams are composed of a physician, a nurse, a nurse assistant and four to six full-time community health agents and each team member has defined roles and responsibilities.1 Community health agents are lay members of the community selected and trained to provide care management around where they live. Each agent provides a set of activities in health promotion and basic clinical care. They verify if patients have been taking their medications regularly, help patients to schedule appointments in the healthcare unit, look for risk factors such as smoking and symptoms of common chronic disease and identify warning signs of violence, neglect or drug abuse 1. The access and adherence of the families to the FHS can be strengthened by the patient-centered communication approach once it promotes partnership between the patient and health professionals, offering the opportunity to empower patients to become more active in managing their health.2,3,4 Patient-centered communication approach has been associated with improvement of clinical parameters of chronic diseases.4 The "Project Leonardo" demonstrated the benefits of a collaborative "team" consisting of physicians, care manager nurses and specialists working as "patients partners" to change in a positive way some clinical indicators related to cardiovascular disease such as LDL levels, BMI rating and blood pressure values 4. For this reason, communication skills should be part of the undergraduate medical curriculum and of the healthcare professional team training.4,5 However, instruction in doctor-patient communication skills remains a challenge for many medical schools with some concerns regarding the diversity of faculty specialties and the lack of faculty training in communication skills.5,6 Therefore, faculty should be prepared to teach these abilities.5


Organisations are – as communication studies know – constituted through communication. Against this theoretical background, the International Labour Organisation (ILO), which was founded in 1919 after the end of the First World War as a sub-organisation of the League of Nations, is examined here. It came into being in the course of the Versailles peace negotiations with the aim of harmonising the rules and standards of labour internationally and creating common standards for this purpose. The primary function of the ILO was to collect and disseminate information and communication on labour conditions in the world in order to adopt conventions and make recommendations on the basis of this information (e.g., on daily working hours, night work, women's and children's work, etc.). The external constitution and the internal structure of the organisation were designed for this. The prevalence of the ILO's communication is also confirmed by the considerable communication costs and the wide range of communication instruments it used. Methodologically, this is a hermeneutic examination of the sources produced by the ILO in the process of its foundation and establishment. The organisation documented and archived its activities extensively from the beginning.


To build new intelligence science and technology specialty,the research and practice of professional guidance for freshman are explored.The necessity of freshman professional guidance is analyzed,and the particular guidance principle is proposed.This paper focuses on the detailed method of freshman professional guidance.And the implement experience of various extra-curricular innovative practice activities for freshman is discussed in detail.Practice proves that the enrollment education which carried out in centralization relatively and the regular curricular extra-curricular professional guided education throughout the "freshman" phase galvanize students' interest,cultivate students' ability of innovation practice,and improve the quality of talents training.


The article considers the results of studying Internet news resources covering social and political issues. External biological analogies used in these media are analyzed. The ap-plication of abstract and concrete analogies and comparison with fictional and real crea-tures are shown. Parallels with parts of the organic body, manifestations of life, as well as with the actions of people (hunting, research, treatment) where objects are living be-ings are mentioned. The systematization of external biological analogies used on news sites is presented.


The Saba watershed is the main water source for irrigation areas downstream of the Saba river. The Titab Reservoir was built to be able to meet the continuity of irrigation water supply, especially during the dry season. This study aims to analyze the fulfillment of irrigation water requirements provided by the Titab reservoir. The study began by collecting data first, in the form of primary and secondary data. Primary data is used to see the existing conditions. Secondary data is used for irrigation requirements analysis and simulation. The secondary data used for manual calculations are 15 daily rainfall data, 15 daily measured discharge, and climate data for 10 years from 2006-2016. The output of these data is the need for irrigation water, the potential evaporation, and the discharge reliability used for the simulation. The simulation was carried out using the RIBASIM 7.01.24 program by entering the calculated data and the existing reservoir data. The simulation results show that the irrigation water needs supplied in each irrigation area are not sufficient according to the plan and the reservoir reliability value is low, namely 57.35%.


This article presents a case of application of geostatistical methods in geotechnical engineering: There is a railway platform, going to be built on compressible soils which presents important settlement. Geotechnical data were analyzed by a geostatistical approach using GIS software to characterize the spatial variability of the thickness of the compressible soils and their deformation Module. Then these data were crossed with settlement calculations by oedometer method to estimate the distribution of soil compaction on the entire site. I. INTRODUCTION Soil, whatever their nature, are deformed under the effect of loads applied to them with highly variable amplitudes. And it is this degree of deformability that allows classifying soils into highly compressible soils (soils that may undergo significant settlements) and slightly compressible soils. A calculation of the settlements is then necessary to ensure that they are acceptable for structures to be built. This paper presents a geostatistical approach to estimate the settlements of compressible soils located below a platform for a High-Speed Line (HSL). First, we present an approach for estimating an elastic Module of compressible soils by using the results of odometer tests performed on samples taken by core drilling. Then these values are used to calculate soil compaction, based on the compressibility characteristics obtained from odometer tests. The settlement values obtained depend on the geology of the site; lithological variability is therefore taken into account. A geostatistical treatment of these values allows finally to establish a map showing the spatial distribution of the settlements across the study site.


Increased polyamine biosynthesis activity and an active polyamine transport system are characteristics of many cancer cell lines and polyamine depletion has been shown to be a viable anticancer strategy. Polyamine levels can be depleted by difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), however, malignant cells frequently circumvent DFMO therapy by up‐regulating polyamine import. Therefore, there is a need to develop compounds that inhibit polyamine transport. We have previously shown that the pattern of uptake of a series of polyamine analogues in a Drosophila model epithelium shares many characteristics with mammalian cells, indicating a high degree of similarity between the mammalian and Drosophila polyamine transport systems. Here, we focused on the utility of the Drosophila epithelial model to identify and characterize polyamine transport inhibitors. We show that a previously identified inhibitor of transport in mammalian cells has a similar activity profile in Drosophila. The Drosophila model was also used to evaluate two additional transport inhibitors. We further demonstrate that a cocktail of polyamine transport inhibitors is more effective than individual inhibitors, suggesting the existence of multiple transport systems in Drosophila. Our findings reinforce the similarity between the Drosophila and mammalian transport systems and the value of the Drosophila model to provide inexpensive early screening of molecules targeting the polyamine transport system.


We present optical and X-ray observations of GRB 050904. Multi-wavelength observations showed an optical flare simultaneous with the X-ray one. We performed a spectral and temporal analysis in the X-rays, and found evidence for a variable absorption in the XRT data. We discuss the interpretation of the first flare in light of a thick-shell fireball scenario and other models.


This research presents an analytical study of the rewritten folktales of Iran in 20 century, and investigates the ideological omissions and revisions of oral tales as textual productions in modern Iran. Focusing on the problematic role of folktales as tales about the unreal and the fantastic serving a political purpose, this study traces the creative exercises of Iranian storytellers who apply ideological codes and meanings to popular folk language. The works of Mirzadeh Eshqi (1893-1924), Sadegh Hedayat (1903-1951), Samad Behrangi (1939-1968) and Bijan Mofid (1935-1984) are examples of a larger collection of creative writing in Iran that through the agency of folklore shape the political imagination of Iranian readers. While Eshqi's revolutionary ideas are artistically imbedded in oral culture of the Constitution era, Hedayat's fiction follows with an intricate fusion of folklore and tradition. Later in the 20 Century, Behrangi introduces politically charged children's tales to an invested audience, and Mofid dramatizes the joys and sorrow of Iranian culture through a familiar fable. Revisiting the past and reframing the present, these writers invite the readers to participate in a political discourse the consequences of which extend beyond their era to encompass the lives of other generations of Iranians.


The spaser (a plasmonic nanolaser) has rapidly advanced as a subwavelength light source candidate. Herein, we introduce a spaser based on a quantum-dot, mesoporous-oxide, and metal structure from top to bottom consisting of CdS/ZnS core/shell quantum dots, a mesoporous silica film (MSF), and an Au film, respectively. Two-photon pumping using femtosecond laser pulses at 800 nm creates amplified spontaneous emission at approximately 451 nm. The advantages of MSF as a dielectric gap layer are examined through numerical simulations. Measuring the dependence of the luminescence intensity on the average pump power confirms the occurrence of two-photon up-conversion luminescence.


Objective To investigate the efficacy of γ-interferon(IFN-7)gene-modified hepatocytes against hepatic fibrosis by intrasplenic transplantion.Methods Levels of INF-γas well as t)rpe I and Ⅲ collagen in the mice infected by S.japonieum were dynamically analysed by ELISA and immunohistochemical assay.At the 16th week,the infected mice were intrasplenic transplanted with murine hepatocvtes transfected with INF-γgene-combinant adenovirus.Results At the 4th week 0f post-infection,murine INF-γ leve was increased markedly and reached to a peak at the 12th week,but decreased dramatically after the 16th week of post-infection,while the levels of type I and Ill collagen were increased continuouslv.Meanwhile,the intrasplenie transplanted IFN-γgene-modified hepatocytes steadily expressed IFN-γ and obviously reduced the synthesis and deposition of type I and Ⅲ collagen as well as the severitv of hepatic fiI and Ⅲ collagen,while IFN-γ gene transplantation can inhibit hepatic fibmsis in Sehistosomiasis japonica effectively.

Key words:
γ-Interferon Gene-therapy Schistosomiasis Liver cirrhOsis


We study the concept of dissipativity in the sense of Willems for
nonautonomous linear-quadratic (LQ) control systems.
A nonautonomous system of Hamiltonian ODEs is associated with such
an LQ system by way of the Pontryagin Maximum Principle.
We relate the concepts of exponential dichotomy and weak disconjugacy
for this Hamiltonian ODE to that of dissipativity for the LQ system.


In recent years, the container loading problem has important industrial and commercial application because the cost of physical distribution has risen. This paper combines genetic algorithms and neural networks to solve this problem. The searching purpose of genetic algorithm is to seek the weight of some important factors of packing for minimizing the unused space in the container. In addition, this research extracts the features from different problems and obtains the optimal weight combinations by using generic algorithms. Finally, these solutions are learned by neural network, so that the results of this research can be used widely


An experiment was conducted to study the influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and plant growth regulators on growth, quality parameters, petal senescence and post harvest life of gladiolus cv. Jessica. The field experiment was laid out in randomized block design, replicated thrice, with two levels of gibberellic acid, i.e. 100, 200 and kinetin, i.e., 50 and 100 ppm by dipping the corms overnight and foliar spray during growth period. The laboratory experiment was laid out in completely randomized design, replicated thrice, with sucrose 4 per cent and 8-HQC at 200 ppm as vase solution to increase the post-harvest life of flower. Pre-soaking and foliar spray of kinetin 50 ppm + AM was found to be the best for plant height, early emergence of spike, number of florets per spike and vase-life followed by pre-soaking and foliar spray of gibberellic acid 100 ppm + AM and pre-soaking with kinetin 50 ppm + AM. Reduced level of total protein, reducing sugar, starch, total anthocyanins, and total carotenoids content; and increased level of non-reducing sugar, and phenol content were noticed during petal senescence as compared to fresh, fully grown petals. However, higher concentration of kinetin and gibberellic acid reduced growth and post-harvest life of florets relative to lower concentration.


Various metamorphic tunnel junction designs, targeted for application toward Ga0.56In0.44P/GaAs0.9P0.1/Si triple-junction and GaAs0.75P0.25/Si dual-junction solar cells, grown via both molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), have been demonstrated. Ga0.56In0.44P/GaAs0.9P0.1 double heterostructure tunnel junctions, grown by MBE on Si substrates at both target lattice constants, yielded at least 50% improved electrical performance (peak tunnel current and resistance-area product), with nominally reduced optical losses, compared to previously demonstrated GaAs0.9P0.1 homostructure devices. Initial MOCVD-grown Al0.4Ga0.6As0.9P0.1/GaAs0.9P0.1 heteroface tunnel junctions were also fabricated and exhibited a > 3x electronic performance improvement over comparable GaAs0.9P0.1 homostructure devices. Such tunnel junctions reveal great promise for use within Si-based multijunction solar cells for both one-sun and concentrator applications.


We believe that the scope of software security is much wider than those heavily studied research areas. The second workshop on Software Assurance should provide a platform for practitioners and researchers to exchange ideas, experiences, tools and techniques in software security beyond its traditional scope. Eight intriguing papers have been selected for presentation in this workshop, covering a broader view of the software assurance topic.


The inhibition efficiency (IE) of various concentrations of a TIPA(triisopropanolamine)-TSC(trisodium citrate)-Zn system in controlling corrosion of mild steel immersed in aqueous solution containing 60 ppm Cl was evaluated by a weight loss study. The formulation consisting of 100 ppm of TIPA and 50 ppm of Zn showed 62% inhibition efficiency. When TSC (250 ppm) is added the inhibition efficiency increases to 100%. In the presence of TSC has excellent inhibition efficiency. Polarization studies reveal that TIPA-TSC-Zn function as an anodic inhibitor. AC impedance spectra suggest that a protective film is formed on the metal surface. FTIR spectra reveal that the protective film consists of Fe TIPA, Fe TSC complex and Zn(OH)2.


© 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. BACKGROUND: This work evaluates hollow fiber liquid-liquid membrane contactors (HFMC) as a polishing step for the removal of low levels of ammonium from water purified by (or being supplied to) a membrane distillation unit in order to fulfil the conductivity requirements of hydrogen production by water electrolysis. RESULTS: The influence of the operating conditions (flow, pH, ammonium concentration, buffer capacity) were evaluated under a closed-loop setup in order to achieve a reduction of total ammonia concentration in water, from 15 to 1mgL-1 to assure the production of water in the membrane distillation with a conductivity lower than 1 µS cm-1. These values were used to validate a numerical algorithm describing the system performance. In order to reach the ammonia concentration requirements and considering the low concentration of bicarbonate (low pH buffer capacity) in the treated water a buffer agent was added to the working solution. CONCLUSIONS: HFMC technology is a suitable solution to remove low levels of ammonium from water to values as low as 1mgL- 1NH3 through appropriate control of pH. The ammonium removal efficiency of the HFMC was improved by raising the pH or the flow rate. Finally, the model proposed provides a good description of the membrane contactor performance with minimal deviations when compared with experimental results.


Almost every region in the nusantara has its own regional script, one of which is in Bali the people know the Balinese script as a script commonly used by their ancestors in writing. In order to keep this Balinese script sustainable and not extinct, learning about this script is applied in schools in Balinese language subjects. In addition to applying learning about script in schools, it would be better if learning about Balinese script could be done in more interesting ways and concepts. One of them is by making an educational game for the introduction of Balinese characters. Which in this application the user will provide input in the form of Balinese script characters written on the application, which then the input will go through a preprocessing process then proceed with diagonal feature extraction, then the results of the feature extraction will go through a classification process using the Learning Vector Quantization method. . The result is a web-based application that can recognize Balinese script writing using the Learning Vector Quantization classification method with an accuracy rate of 58.6% and get a good response from each respondent who has tested the application.


Frame technology adapts generic componenentq into custom information structures. Its facility for maximizing reuse and redundancy has demonstrated dramatic improvements across software's life cycle.


Among Callitrichids, scent secretions have been identified as carrying information regarding species, subspecies, gender, social status, individuality, hormonal status, and timing of ovulation. We propose that information regarding familiarity and reproductive status is also communicated. Seven male–female pairs of cotton‐top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus oedipus) were presented with several drops of distilled water, a scent secretion from the female of that pair, scent secretions from unfamiliar, reproductively mature but noncycling females, and scent secretions from unfamiliar, reproductively cycling females. Behavioral responses from both males and females were recorded over a 10 min period. Differences in behavioral response for both males and females were significant across all four conditions. This indicates that cotton‐top tamarins are capable of discriminating a familiar scent from an unfamiliar scent as well as the reproductive status of an unfamiliar female. The communication of this information may play an important role in regulating mate selection, reducing reproductive competition, and stabilizing transfers in and out of groups in the wild. Am. J. Primatol. 45:337–349, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


We craft protocols for solving two problems related to sharing a large partitionable bag-of-tasks workload in a heterogeneous network of workstations (NOW) N. In the NOW-Rental Problem, one must complete W units of work and wishes to "rent" N for as short a time as necessary. In the NOW-Exploitation Problem, one has access to N for L time units and wishes to accomplish as much work as possible. Our protocols are crafted within an architectural model that characterizes N via parameters that measure its workstations' computational and communicational efficiencies; hence, our solutions are robust across a broad range of actual NOWs. The protocols determine both an allocation of work for each of N's workstations and a schedule for transmitting that work; hence, they are self-scheduling. The schedules provide a value for either L or W, given the other, thereby solving both motivating problems. By studying two specific protocols, we prove that the intuitive strategy of supplying as much work as possible to faster workstations is not optimal; this nonoptimality is often discernible for values of L less than one minute.


We give combinatorial proofs of some binomial and q-binomial identities in the literature, such as ∞ ∑ k=−∞ (−1)kq(9k2+3k)/2 [ 2n n + 3k ] = (1 + q) n−1 ∏ k=1 (1 + q + q) (n ≥ 1),


BACKGROUND: Dyes used in textile industries and released to their wastewaters are serious ecological problems as they are hard to degrade by common means used in wastewater treatment plants. White-rot fungi can biodegrade textile dyestuffs using their extracellular enzyme system. However, it is difficult to keep them in functional form in conventional wastewater treatmentsystems,because of their specific nutritionaland physiological requirements.Selection of a suitable bioreactor type and mode of operation are crucial for successful implementationof white rot fungi in waste water treatmentprocesses. RESULTS: Both Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) and Reactive Orange 16 (RO16) were decolorized efficiently in the trickle-bed reactor. A degree of decolorization exceeding 80% was achieved within 2 days with all mycelium carriers and both dyes. In reactors packed with plastic kitchen scourers and luffa sponge slices the decolorization degree reached 90% within 2 days. The initial rate of decolorization of RBBR dye was notably higher than the rate of RO16 decolorization. The lowest liquid hold-up value (1‐1.5%) was achieved in the reactor packed with the plastic kitchen scourers, the largest hold-up value (3‐5%) was observed in the reactor filled with luffa sponge. The longest mean retention time, 430 s, was achieved in the reactor with the luffa carrier at a liquid flow rate of 6.81 cm 3 min −1 ; the shortest mean retention times (10‐20 s) were achieved in the reactor filled with the plastic kitchen scourers. Broad liquid residence time distributions were observed in tracer experiments at all volumetricflow rates. CONCLUSIONS: The ability of I. lacteus to secrete laccase and manganese peroxidase enzymes in a trickle-bed bioreactor with threemyceliumcarrierswasprovedandquantifiedexperimentally.ThedecolorizationcapabilityoftheI.lacteusmyceliumwas only marginally influenced by the kind of carrier used. Basic operational characteristics of the reactor ‐ residence times, axial dispersion and liquid hold-up ‐ were determined at various liquid flow rates. c � 2009 Society of Chemical Industry


Otolith and Maculae were removed in the condition as fresh as possible by means of the particular method from frog, guinea-pig and hen. The nature and formation of otolith were studied and the results were as follows : (1) It was shown by pressure method, X-ray diffraction technique and electron microscope that the otolith was in a gel-like condition in vivo. But when otolithic membrane became to non-physiological condition by the chemical and physical stimuli, the extremely samll crystals got to gather and developed to form the otolith which has been observed as large crystals. (2) Ca45 was used as a tracer to study the formation of otolith. The rise and fall of Ca45 as tracer were investigated. Ca45 moved rapidly to the otolith and mostly disappeared in 72 hours aftet the injection. It seemed that there were calcium metabolism was present in the otolith. (3) Carbonic anhydrase was demonstrated in the otolithic organs of hen and frog, especially in high concentration in the otolithic membrane and so called Smith's extramacular portion. (4) As the results of the administration of various enzyme inhibitors, it was demonstrated that carbonic anhydrase was related to the formation of calcium carbonate in the shell. (5) From these studies, it seems that carbonic anhydrase plays an important part in the formation of otolith.


The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the effect of lockdowns on COVID-19 mortality based on available empirical evidence. Lockdowns are defined as the imposition of at least one compulsory, non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI). We employ a systematic search and screening procedure in which 19,646 studies are identified that could potentially address the purpose of our study. After three levels of screening, 32 studies qualified. Of those, estimates from 22 studies could be converted to standardized measures for inclusion in the meta-analysis. They are separated into three groups: lockdown stringency index studies, shelter-in-place-order (SIPO) studies, and specific NPI studies. Stringency index studies find that the average lockdown in Europe and the United States in the spring of 2020 only reduced COVID- 19 mortality by 3.2%. This translates into approximately 6,000 avoided deaths in Europe and 4,000 in the United States. SIPOs were also relatively ineffective in the spring of 2020, only reducing COVID-19 mortality by 2.0%. This translates into approximately 4,000 avoided deaths in Europe and 3,000 in the United States. Based on specific NPIs, we estimate that the average lockdown in Europe and the United States in the spring of 2020 reduced COVID-19 mortality by 10.7%. This translates into approximately 23,000 avoided deaths in Europe and 16,000 in the United States. In comparison, there are approximately 72,000 flu deaths in Europe and 38,000 flu deaths in the United States each year. When checked for potential biases, our results are robust. Our results are also supported by the natural experiments we have been able to identify. The results of our meta-analysis support the conclusion that lockdowns in the spring of 2020 had little to no effect on COVID-19 mortality. This result is consistent with the view that voluntary changes in behavior, such as social distancing, did play an important role in mitigating the pandemic.


Five conifers height growth functions have been established by SAS software.The final heights of five conifers were predicted in the research zone, changes of height velocity of growth were given, height velocity of growth were compared at different stages and stages of height growth were classified by height-age model analysis. Management measures are proposed.


Model order reduction (MOR) is a very powerful technique that is used to deal with the increasing complexity of dynamic systems. It is a mature and well understood field of study that has been applied to large linear dynamic systems with great success. However, the continued scaling of integrated micro-systems, the use of new technologies, and aggressive mixed-signal design has forced designers to consider nonlinear effects for more accurate model representations. This has created the need for a methodology to generate compact models from nonlinear systems of high dimensionality, since only such a solution will give an accurate description for current and future complex systems.
The goal of this research is to develop a methodology for the model order reduction of large multidimensional nonlinear systems. To address a broad range of nonlinear systems, which makes the task of generalizing a reduction technique difficult, we use the concept of transforming the nonlinear representation into a composite structure of well defined basic functions from multiple projection bases.
We build upon the concept of a training phase from the trajectory piecewise-linear (TPWL) methodology as a practical strategy to reduce the state exploration required for a large nonlinear system. We improve upon this methodology in two important ways: First, with a new strategy for the use of multiple projection bases in the reduction process and their coalescence into a unified base that better captures the behavior of the overall system; and second, with a novel strategy for the optimization of the state locations chosen during training. This optimization technique is based on using the Hessian of the system as an error bound metric.
Finally, in order to treat the overall linear/nonlinear reduction task, we introduce a hierarchical approach using a block projection base. These three strategies together offer us a new perspective to the problem of model order reduction of nonlinear systems and the tracking or preservation of physical parameters in the final compact model.
DESCRIPTORS. Compact Model Generation, Nonlinear Model Order Reduction, Model Order Reduction, TPWL Methodology


Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apartis perhaps the most successful African novel and was recognized almost from its very first appearance as a world classic. One masterpiece is undoubtedly a great achievement for a writer; and few are able to produce more than one or two in a lifetime. In Achebe's case, where the acknowledged masterpiece is the author's very first work, there have been occasional remarks to the effect that it was a lucky shot, and nothing more. But the fact is that with all the attention mostlyon that first work, the others have not been given enough attention to determine their true worth. They certainly deserve serious and individual attention, each being distinctive as a narrative in terms of structure and overall significance and responsive to various different literary theories. Using identity theory, but thinking hermeneutically, this paper will shed new light on the author's five novels. The functioning of each major character at a critical juncture where the vital exchanges causing changes both in individual life and in his life-world means that notwithstanding the nature of the sequences in which they attempt to realize themselves, the works all have the seriousness of ‗historical' novels. With the combination of identity theory and hermeneutics, therefore, we shall be able to see more clearly the ways in which the different characters understand themselves and enact their identities in their different social environments, what roles they have and what these roles mean to them, the nature of the blockages they encounter in their attempts at self-verification and what the defeat of these efforts entails both to them and their life-worlds.


A systematic single-stage power conversion method is achieved through a Full Bridge Three-Port DC- DC Converter (TPC) suitable for Industrial Drive  applications. In the proposed topology, the switches are driven by phase-shifted PWM signals, where both phase angle and duty cycle are the controlled variables.


Recent work has demonstrated that Canadians overreport church attendance at rates similar to respondents in the United States. Overreporting in the United States has been attributed to the importance of religious identity; causes of Canadian overreporting have not been examined. This article draws upon Stryker's identity theory to explain why Canadian survey respondents overreport church attendance. The 2005 Canadian General Social Survey contains observed measures of attendance from both a conventional survey question and a time diary, allowing a direct and rigorous test of the identity explanation. Findings suggest that rates of Canadian overreporting, at about 50 percent, rival rates of overreporting in the United States. Moreover, like overreporting in the United States, Canadian overreporting may be affected by an identity process during the survey interview. Finally, implications for measuring religiosity in both countries are discussed.


Objectives: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has become an increasingly recognized diagnosis contributing to morbidity in the adolescent and young adult population over the past decade. Our ability to treat such pathology with hip arthroscopy has grown in parallel. As the number of hip arthroscopy cases performed annually continues to rise, so will the number of patients requiring revision surgery. Trending outcomes and indications for revision hip arthroscopy is essential to improve surgical techniques, facilitate accurate diagnoses and address pathology appropriately. The purpose of this study was to report outcomes for revision hip arthroscopy and assess if outcomes vary by indication. Methods: A single-center hip preservation registry was reviewed to identify patients who underwent revision hip arthroscopy for the treatment of FAI between 2012 and 2019. Patient demographics and primary indications for revision hip arthroscopy were determined, patient reported outcomes were collected preoperatively and at an average follow-up of 5.2 years post-operatively. Results: A total of 239 patients met inclusion criteria for this study. The top 4 primary indications for revision were: Residual FAI 67.8%, instability 14.6%, heterotopic ossification (HO) 4.6% and adhesions 4.2%, trends in indication did not vary over time. On average patients improved significantly from pre- to post-operatively in mHHS 20.4(95% CI: 16.6 - 24.1), HOS ADL 15.0 (95%CI: 11.9 -18.2), HOS SS 23.8 (95% CI: 18.8 – 28.9), iHOT-33 30.2 (95% CI: 26.0 – 34.3), p<0.001. Rates of achieving MCID varied from 62.9%-78.3%, SCB 44.9-56.6% and SCB by absolute value at final follow-up of 32.1-65.9%. In a subgroup analysis, significantly lower pre-operative function was noted in the instability cohort compared to the impingement cohort as measured by HOS SS only, p=0.004. Post-operatively this instability cohort demonstrated significantly worse outcomes as measured by mHHS, HOS ADL and iHOT33. Rate of re- revision arthroscopy was 6.4% and 8.7% of patients required THA or were planning soon. Conclusions: The most common indication for revision hip arthroscopy in the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement remains residual impingement. Capsular complications have significant consequence for function and may represent a subset of patients who demonstrate more dysfunction both before and after revision arthroscopy. Lastly, heterotopic ossification is third most common reason for revision hip arthroscopy underlining the importance of postoperative prophylaxis.


Poly(ethylene glycol)-peptide- and glycosaminoglycan-peptide conjugates obtained by a regio-selective amino acid protection strategy are converted into cell-instructive hydrogel matrices capable of inducing morphogenesis in embedded human vascular endothelial cells and dorsal root ganglia.


The invention provides a wireless communication device and a wireless communication method, wherein the method comprises an antenna unit that is shared by a first wireless communication circuit and a The invention provides a wireless communication device and a wireless communication method, wherein the method comprises an antenna unit that is shared by a first wireless communication circuit and asecond wireless communication circuit; in a first mode, the first wireless communication circuit is used for implementing wireless radio frequency identifying communication by the antenna unit; and insecond wireless communication circuit; in a first mode, the first wireless communication circuit is used for implementing wireless radio frequency identifying communication by the antenna unit; and in a second mode, the second wireless communication circuit is used for implementing wireless radio frequency identifying communication by the antenna unit.a second mode, the second wireless communication circuit is used for implementing wireless radio frequency identifying communication by the antenna unit.


Radar, short for "radio detection and ranging," was first conceived in the 1930s as means to provide early warning of approaching aircraft. It operates by transmitting an electromagnetic (EM) wave and processing the received echoes to measure the distance, velocity and scattering properties of objects and their surroundings. As radar transceivers themselves have become smaller, lighter in weight, and lower in cost due to advances in solid-state microelectronics, so has radar emerged as a key enabler in newer fields, such as automotive sensing and self-driving vehicle technology, gesture recognition for human-computer interfaces, and biomedical applications of remote health monitoring and vital sign detection. The proliferation of radar is indeed remarkable and presents a vast arena where deep learning, cybernetics, and artificial intelligence can enable disruptive technological advancements.


The main part of work piece has difficulty in small ring section,slender thin wall,larg welding zone and bad machining performance,which was welded construction.Two processing technic were proposed and analyzed,and the processing technic of expansional and tightened mandrel was applie to machining slender thin wall pipes for cylindrical turning.The result indicated that the rigidity of wor piece was increased and the generated deforming was also avoided.The dimensional accuracy and posi tional accuracy of work piece were effectively controlled by expansional and tightened mandrel.


Predictive learning services perform aggregation and homogenization of open data from public sources, in particular from the online recruitment agencies. However, the sample of vacancies may contain various percentage of noise due to the frequent occurrence of homonyms. This article will consider two approaches of noise reduction: the first one is based on the cosine similarity and the second one is based on the contextual words.


This type of module supports and simplifies the design of new converters by enabling an easy scalability of the output power. Besides the power module characteristics, the system and bus bar design, the routing of the load conductor and the gate-driver characteristics have significant impact on the current sharing between paralleled devices. A certain deviation of losses, resulting in different junction temperatures among the power modules, is the result. A current derating will be defined in order to operate the paralleled power modules safely within their specification.


Chytridiomycosis, caused by amphibian chytrid
fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, infects
the keratinised layer of the stratum corneum in adult
amphibians. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is suggested
to cause amphibian morbidity and mortality
by disrupting the function of the skin for osmoregulation
or respiration, or by the release of toxins. We
investigated whether, under conditions of stress,
chytridiomycosis altered water balance or metabolic
rate of experimentally infected Southern bell frogs,
Litoria raniformis. Frogs exhibited symptoms of
chytridiomycosis for 1 week after they had been
infected with B. dendrobatidis zoospores. Rehydration
was significantly inhibited, but metabolic rate
was not altered. Five months after L. raniformis were
infected with B. dendrobatidis, all but one of the
infected frogs had survived and all surviving frogs
were still infected. Yet, control and infected subjects
showed no difference in water balance or metabolism.
The lack of difference in these physiological
responses between control and B. dendrobatidisinfected
frogs does not support the hypothesis that
chytridiomycosis affects amphibian skin function.


Due to the constant increase of water resources requirements for domestic, agricultural and industrial use in our country the alternative of water reuse is becoming increasingly important. Groundwater is a very important source of water resources in arid and semiarid areas, such as the Copiapo River Valley and in all the northern part of Chile. Soil Aquifer Treatment, SAT, is a wastewater treatment system in which primary or secondary effluents of treatment plants are incorporated into the unsaturated zone to simulate a process of natural infiltration. During the movement of the water through the unsaturated zone an additional depuration of this effluent is produced. The objective of this study is to characterize the hydraulic behavior of a SAT system in a real scenario, Copiapo river valley, by means of experimental data from laboratory experiments (Infiltration Columns and Permeameter) and from a pilot plant on site (infiltration lagoons). In addition, numerical modelling of flow and transport processes on the unsaturated zone is also included.


The response of 'Hull Thornless' blackberry (Rubus spp.) to annual applications of three N rates (0, 41, and 123 kg N/ha) and straw or wood chip mulch plus 41 kg N/ha was studied. Pruning weight per plant increased linearly with increasing N rate in 1986 and 1987 and with straw mulch in 1987. Plants mulched with wood chips had the largest mean cane cross-sectional area, while neither N rate or straw mulch had an affect. Number of lateral branches per cane was not affected by any treatment. Yield increased linearly with N rate. Plants that received straw mulch produced yields that were greater than or equal to the high N rate. Mean fruit weight increased in response to straw mulch and increasing N levels in 1986, but only to the straw mulch in 1987. The number of flowers per cane and per inflorescence increased with increasing N rate, but inflorescence number per cane and fruit set were not affected. As N rates increased, yield per square centimeter of cane basal cross-sectional area increased. Both mulches decreased inflorescence number per square centimeter of cane basal cross-sectional area, but did not influence any other components of yield. Mean cane cross-sectional area, lateral branches per cane, inflorescences per cane, flowers per inflorescence, and mean fruit weight were significantly and positively correlated with yield per plant in 1987. Averaged over years, as the fertilizer N rate increased, primocane foliar N content increased, P declined, and K, Ca, Mg, and Mn were not affected. Mulching had no effect on nutrient element content.


R.A. Rosenthal et al. (eds.), Principles and Practice of Geriatric Surgery, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6999-6_6, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 Optimal nutritional support in the geriatric population, of which I am a grateful living member, is obviously important not only for the maintenance of optimal structure, body composition, cellular and system function, health, wellbeing, and life style, but also for productive longevity and vitality. Life itself, the quality of life, and living life to its full capacity are all clearly dependent upon, and related to, the quality of all aspects of nutritional support and fitness. Nutrition support is an amalgamation of art and science, as is the rest of the broad field of medicine including geriatrics. Both had their origins in curiosity, empirical observations, ideals, concepts, philosophy, innovation, experimen tation, and the application of newly accumulated and evaluated knowledge to practical use. This has been the basis for the practice of medicine for millennia, and advances have been made arithmetically and tediously for hundreds of years until the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, when discovery, creativity, science, and technology virtually exploded, and have continued to advance logarithmically to the current day. Moreover, this rapid increase in knowledge and technology is likely to continue in the foreseeable future and has a significant influence on the application of nutritional support to the practice of geriatrics, especially geriatric surgery. When I was a first year surgical resident in 1962 at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, I experienced an epiphany from which I have not recovered nor deviated to this day. While caring for the complex, critically ill patients of my chair and mentor, Dr. Jonathan E. Rhoads, on a particularly devastating weekend, I was unable to support them adequately after technically successful major operations performed earlier that week, and despite my best efforts to provide them with the highest possible state-of-the-art care available in that venerable tertiary care academic institution at that time, three of the patients, all elderly in their seventh and eighth decades of life, died. I was disheartened, disappointed, and discouraged by my helplessness and ineffectiveness in achieving success in our therapeutic goals, and I unabashedly expressed my frustrations to Dr. Rhoads on rounds afterward. Indeed, I informed him that this series of ultimate failures indicated to me that I was not likely to become an effective surgeon and that I was seriously considering leaving the surgical residency to train in another specialty or even a different profession. Dr. Rhoads listened patiently to my lamentations, and then gave me the most significant tutorial of my life. He explained to me that surgical operations were only one important part of patient care: that the procedures undertaken might have been maximally technically proficient, but that the patients could not withstand the sum of the series of insults imposed by the pathophysiologic condition, the major operative injury (sometimes multiple within a short time period), the general anesthetic side effects, the associated comorbidities, complications including pneumonia and sepsis, and the resultant poor nutritional and metabolic state. Indeed, he pointed out to me that the common denominator contributing to the death of these patients was clearly malnutrition, which severely compromised their ability to recover, to restore normal cellular function, and to survive, and even though the operation was a technical success, the overall functional reserve capacity of the patient was exhausted beyond the requirements essential to provide endogenous substrates to support immunocompetence, healing, and vital bodily functions. Essentially, although the patients starved to death, they manifested their malnutrition clinically and functionally by serial failure of their cellular and system functions. This concept, of which I had not previously been aware, was not only surprising, but also foreign and difficult for me to accept initially. After all, the surgical mantra at that time was, "cut well, sew well, do well." The master had patiently and skillfully converted what started out to be quite a negative encounter to the most positive turn-around in my embryonic career. My life was forever transformed from that moment, and I have pursued the "holy grail" of providing optimal nutrition to all patients from that point forward and will likely be obsessed with attempting to perfect the technology and results until my own end. S.J. Dudrick (*) Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, Saint Mary's Hospital/Yale Affiliate, 40 Beechter Street, Naugatuck, 06770 Waterbury, CT, USA e-mail: email@example.com; firstname.lastname@example.com Chapter 6 Invited Commentary


Our destination is fixed on the perpetual motion of search. Fixed in its perpetual exile. Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, Dictee Errant Storytelling In the beginning of her personal memoir, "Leaves from the Mental Portfolio of an Eurasian," Sui Sin Far, the half English, half Chinese, Asian American writer, reconstructs her first experience as a storyteller. Only four years old, Sui Sin Far attempts to report to her mother what the nurse has been telling others about the family. However, in the telling the story is garbled, and the nurse informs Sui Sin Far's mother, "Little Miss Sui is a story-teller" (218). In response, her mother slaps her. For Sui Sin Far, it is a significant childhood moment because "I first learned that I was something different and apart from other children" (218). Sui Sin Far is referring to her Eurasian background and the influence this difference will have on the rest of her life, but what the reader cannot also help but notice is that storytelling, whether consciously or unconsciously on Sui Sin Far's part, is immediately associated with deceit. The slap Sui Sin Far receives is due to the fact that her mother thinks she is lying when, in actuality, it is the nurse who lies to cover up her gossip. Deceit is present, but it is not the "story-teller" who is guilty. In fact, it is the nurse who introduces deceit by both lying to the mother and by using the word "storytelling" to signify the untruth. Instead of explicitly blaming the nurse in her recollection, Sui Sin Far places the burden of proof upon herself: "I fail to make myself intelligible. My mother does not understand" (218). Based on the fact that Sui Sin Far grows up to be a professional storyteller, it would seem she learns a valuable and lifelong lesson from this childhood incident: the failure to make the truth apparent through representation results in misunderstanding and injustice. Because her story is not clear, her mother is prohibited from knowing the truth, from discerning fact from fiction, thus resulting in Sui Sin Far's punishment. This may not seem like an enlightening lesson, but for Sui Sin Far disclosing the truth to the world about the Eurasian and the Chinese becomes her mission in life. She explicitly states this in another autobiographical recollection: "I attended school again and must have been about 8 years old when I conceived the ambition to write a book about the half Chinese. This ambition arose from my sensitiveness to the remarks, criticism and observations on the half Chinese which continually assailed my ears, also from an impulse, born with me, to describe, to impart to others [all] that I felt all that I saw, all that I was" ("Sui Sin Far" 289). Writing, for Sui Sin Far, offers an opportunity to share a glimpse of the other's interior identity. Thus, it is imperative that Sui Sin Fat's representation of herself and others like her be accurate in order to promote greater understanding of and sympathy toward the other, which in this case is the half Chinese. In addition, like other writers, Sui Sin Far attempts to turn storytelling, or rather fiction, into a vehicle for disclosing the truth. Representation must rewrite the injustices against the other, the half Chinese, as well as redeem its own reputation. (1) However, if Sui Sin Far intends to reveal to her audience the interiority of her experiences as a half Chinese, thus proving her humanity, the representation of herself through her autobiographical writing is suspect. Born Edith Maude Eaton of a Chinese mother and British father, Sui Sin Far renames herself when she begins publishing Chinese-American stories in 1896. Sui Sin Far's biographer, Annette White-Parks, draws attention to the fact that the author refers to herself as Sui Sin Far throughout "Leaves," even though she adopts this name only when she is an adult. Thus, if the memoir reconstructs an actual experience, the authenticity of the recollection is thrown into doubt because of the fact that in her narration the nurse calls her "Little Miss Sui," a name that will not exist until she is older. …


In recent years, multibeam sonar has become the most effective and sensitive tool for the detection and quantitation of underwater gas leakage and its rise through the water column. Motivated by recent research, this paper presents an efficient method for the detection and quantitation of gas leakage based on a 300-kHz multibeam sonar. In the proposed gas leakage detection method based on multibeam sonar water column images, not only the backscattering strength of the gas bubbles but also the size and aspect ratio of a gas plume are used to isolate interference objects. This paper also presents a volume-scattering strength optimization model to estimate the gas flux. The bubble size distribution, volume, and flux of gas leaks are determined by matching the theoretical and measured values of the volume-scattering strength of the gas bubbles. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method have been verified by a case study at the artificial gas leakage site in the northern South China Sea. The results show that the leaking gas flux is approximately between 29.39 L/min and 56.43 L/min under a bubble radius ranging from 1 mm to 12 mm. The estimated results are in good agreement with the recorded data (32–67 L/min) for gas leaks generated by an air compressor. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve effective and accurate detection and quantitation of gas leakages.


This work aims to optimise the axial fan used in cooling system of a portable air compressor to obtain a lower power consumption of its drive motor that uses an internal combustion engine. The methodology starts with the thermodynamic modelling of compressor element and fan selection by comparison between fan manufacturer curves and experimental ones. At last, exergoeconomic analysis provides a cost estimation for products associate. Selecting a commercial fan-based more accurate according to cooling system data provided indicates that it is possible to reduce the ventilator power consumption, 21.5% for this case study. Based on the results of this study there is a reduction of 2.58% in fuel consumption, keeping the air flow in the cooling system indicating that the fan could be changed so that compressor to increase its energy efficiency and therefore operating costs of the equipment as it is directly reflected in spending on fuel.


Steganography surpasses other mechanisms of securing data from potential threats. The modern digital arena calls for robust information hiding techniques and, thus, it has always been a flash point for researchers and academicians. Nowadays, transmission is susceptible to numerous hacks while sharing secret information through typical correspondence channel. Accordingly, everybody needs the classification, respectability, and realness of his or her privileged information. Particularly, different techniques are used to take on these security issues like advanced declaration, computerized mark, and cryptography. Nevertheless, these strategies alone cannot be negotiated. Steganography is a revolution where current information compression, data hypothesis, spread range, and cryptography advancements are integrated to meet the requirements for protection of data over the Internet. This study investigates and critically analyses various existing cover steganography techniques and identifies the valuable region that everyone can be benefited. Moreover, we present a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts with in the domain of the steganographic methods and steganalysis. These systems have been depicted in numerous areas of the steganography such as spatial space, transform domain, and adaptive space. Moreover, each space has its particular traits. A few regularly involved techniques for improving the steganographic security and upgrading steganalysis capacity are elaborated, summed up; and conceivable examination patterns are talked about. We also systematically separate different methodologies in our review and show their pros and cons, qualities, challenges and significance.


Regression analyses of a long series of light-trap catches at Narrabri, Australia, were used to describe the seasonal dynamics of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner). The size of the second generation was significantly related to the size of the first generation, to winter rainfall, which had a positive effect, and to spring rainfall which had a negative effect. These variables accounted for up to 96% of the variation in size of the second generation from year to year. Rainfall and crop hosts were also important for the size of the third generation. The area and tonnage of many potential host crops were significantly correlated with winter rain. When winter rain was omitted from the analysis, the sizes of both the second and third generations could be expressed as a function of the size of the previous generation and of the areas planted to lucerne, sorghum and maize. Lucerne and maize always had positive coefficients and sorghum a negative one. We extended our analysis to catches of H. punctigera (Wallengren), which declines in abundance after the second generation. Winter rain had a positive effect on the sizes of the second and third generations, and rain in spring or early summer had a negative effect. Only the area grown to lucerne had a positive effect on abundance. Forecasts of pest levels from a few months to a few weeks in advance are discussed, along with the improved understanding of the seasonal dynamics of both species and the significance of crops in the management of insecticide resistance for H. armigera.


Power line communication is a way that transport infermations by using the media of the existing electrical wiring. This paper designs a control system of power line communication. The system adopts CMOS chip SC1128 to realize madulation. And then uses PC as control terminal to actualize the transmission of signals on power line.


Saffold virus (SAFV) which belongs to the species Theilovirus of the genus Cardiovirus of the family Picornaviridae is a novel human cardiovirus identified in 2007. However, the pathogenicity of SAFV to humans still remains unclear. Recent studies by the phylogenetic and recombination analyses of Theilovirus suggest that there are no recombination events between viruses of the different type (e.g. SAFV and Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV)). Information on the recombination events of these viruses will be helpful to better understand the host specificity and pathogenicity of SAFV. In the present study, we performed the reverse genetic analysis to investigate the possibility of the recombination between SAFV and TMEV. The recombination of the capsid protein (VP1 and/or VP2) by reverse genetics between SAFV and TMEV did not happen, although the recombination of the non-capsid protein, L, occurred. These results strongly suggest that the shift of host range from rodents to humans or from humans to rodents by natural recombination of capsid protein(s) within Theiloviruses does not happen. The present results will provide the valuable information for the studies on the pathogenicity of SAFV.


In this work, establishment of Ankos Open Acess and Institutional Repositories Working Group, its goal, objectives and work; initiatives taken on open access in Turkey; cooperative work with Sparc are examined.


Measurements are reported of the frequency modulation (FM) response of InGaAsP buried heterostructure distributed feedback (DFB) lasers and the system performance of a 1.7-Gb/s and 622-Mb/s incoherent frequency-shift-keyingn (FSK) system using these lasers. The measured lasers include 1.55- mu m conventional DFB lasers and quarter-wave shifted DFB lasers. The thermal dips in the FM response of quarter-wave shifted DFB lasers usually occur at the lower frequencies, compared with that of conventional (250- mu m-long) DFB lasers. A receiver sensitivity of -32.5 dBm (-39.5 dBm) for a 1.7-GB/s (622-Mb/s) incoherent frequency-shift-keying (FSK) system was achieved using a quarter-wave shifted DFB laser. >


A novel method using a fuzzy practicable interval to characterize non-statistical uncertainty in dynamic measurement is proposed. The method permits the uncertainty being estimated under the conditions that the number of measurements is very small and the probability distribution unknown. The feasibility of the method is validated by computer-simulation experiments.


For the last 20 years, the Ohio Department of Transportation has been conducting studies to identify appropriate strategies for the mitigation of reflection cracking in in-service composite pavements. Several projects were constructed using various fractures slab techniques, namely crack and seat, break and seat and rubblization, to demonstrate the ability of such techniques as a rehabilitation strategy for retarding reflection cracking in asphalt concrete overlays. Based on an analysis of performance of constructed projects, in conjunction with key variables namely, type of pavement breaker used, extent, pattern and size of broken fragments, traffic, environmental conditions, soil type and condition, ODOT intends to establish a cost-effective rehabilitation strategy for composite pavements. This information will enable the department to better determine what role various fractured slab treatments should play in the overall pavement rehabilitation program.


Construction industry is one of the largest industry in the world but in this industry, through millions of labours are associated with a variety of works mostly repetitive type. Those labours are getting their skills by observation through years on site. So it is necessary to provide them safe workplace so that they do not face work-related musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSD). In this review, nearly 53 research papers from 17 different countries are studied and it was found that researchers have collected data using mainly by questionnaire. But in some cases, they have used methods like interviews, OMR sheets, video recordings, accelerometer, gyroscope etc. For analysis they have used methods like,1.PATH, 2.OWAS 3.3DSSPP, 4.MATLAB, 5.CLI, 6.MSEXCEL 7.Ergo Master 8.RULA,9.MATLAB,10.RII, 11.System Dynamics,12.Fuzzy Logic. etc It was observed that in most of the cases, due to repetitive work, labours are facing WMSD. Physical health of the labours also plays an important role in ergonomics. IndexTerms labour, ergomonics,productivity,WMSD.


ONE of the most incongruous love-matches of spring 160o was the marriage of Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford, to Mistress Frances Pranell. The groom was the son of Edward, the Protector, and attainted Duke of Somerset (executed in 1552), and the bride was the widow of a London wine-seller, a shopkeeper rolling in money, but with no breeding at all. Hertford was a man over sixty (he was born 12 October 1537), who had been married twice before, and who had spent much of his life in disgrace with Queen Elizabeth. Mistress Pranell was a young, stunning beauty in her early twenties, the daughter of Viscount Howard of Bindon, and the grand-daughter of the Duke of Norfolk and the Duke of Buckingham. When she had married her vintner, Henry Pranell, before she was twenty, she had descended very far down the social scale: her fine pedigree and aristocratic Howard blood must have seemed wasted (to her at least) on an alderman's son. Indeed, Pranell himself was so abashed by her grandness that he wrote a letter to Lord Burghley apologizing for his audacity in marrying her. But the lady's social discomfort did not last all that long. Pranell died on 20 December 1599, and only a year later, after a decent interval as a widow, Frances had ensnared the old Earl of Hertford. Predictably, there was gossip. In a letter dated 22 December 600oo, John Chamberlain observed that 'Mistris Pranell is like to make a wide stride from that she was to be countesse of Hart-


A new concept for improvement ofquality ofbreeding stock used for mass-rear ing of tephritid fruit flies for sterile release eradication programs is reported. According to this concept, high quality individuals are those that are numerically dominant in the wild population anil, hence, the)' would be selected for breeding purposes. To recognize dominant variants among the wild males of the oriental fruit fly, Itactnitera donalis (Mendel), intraspecific


The survey is undertaken in response to feedback received from readers on earlier surveys conducted by the author in different areas of economics. The present survey of economic development intends to enhance the quality of teaching and will enable instructors to update their reading lists. Students might find the information valuable in completing term projects and assignments. Publishers might utilize the data, especially Arabic numerals in parentheses to arrive at decisions with regard to reprinting of edited volumes, journal articles and monographs. Librarians might use the information from the survey to develop a balanced collection, which is important in the light of budget cuts and rapid inflation in books, journals, and microform prices. To fulfill these objectives, a questionnaire is designed and directed at heads of economics departments requesting information pertaining to course objectives and/or content, readings assigned, prerequisites before enrolling in given courses, methods of grading and recent shifts of emphasis to new areas of teaching in the past ten years. The questionnaire asking for information was sent to a sample of 97 American universities and to all Cana dian universities.


Toxicity of organophosphates (OP) is mainly ascribed to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme at the cholinergic synapses. This results in cholinergic crisis leading to various muscarinic, nicotinic and central effects. Additionally, there are several non-cholinergic effects of OP which are likely to exacerbate the toxicity and complicate diagnosis. The present study reports the dose (0.125 - 4.0 LD50) and time (1 h - 14 d)- dependent acute effect of diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP) on mice body weight, organ-body weight index (brain), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and β-glucoronidase (BG) activity in plasma, AChE activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in brain, and DNA damage in brain (agarose gel electrophoresis) and blood (comet assay). The study reveals a dose and time- dependent BChE inhibition up to 24 h and AChE inhibition up to 7 d. However, elevated BG levels were observed up to 1 h only after 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 LD50 DFP. Diminished GSH levels up to 24 h and increased MDA levels at 4 h indicated oxidative stress. None of the treatments produced any DNA damage in soft tissues. In addition to cholinesterase, the study suggests possible relevance of measuring BG levels (non-cholinergic marker) in the diagnosis of OP poisoning.


Abstract Background: Pasteurella multocida is a small, gram-negative coccobacillus, which most commonly causes soft tissue infections due to animal bites or scratches, mainly from cats and dogs. Immunocompromised hosts, such as cancer patients, are more likely to develop systemic complications as a result of P. multocida infections. Objective: Retrospectively analyze the medical records of four afflicted patients being managed at Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA between 1999 and 2009, and careful study for additional 32 cases of P. multocida infection among cancer patients with variegated histology found in the current medical literature. Methods: Of 36 subjects, 67% of the patients had been diagnosed with a solid organ cancer, whereas 33% had a hematologic malignancy. Clinical scenarios described fever as the most frequent initial presentation and bacteremia as the most prevalent mode of infection. Results: Forty-seven percent of the patients had experienced some sort of animal contact and 41% showed evidence of skin or soft tissue infection. The status of the white blood cell count, was available in 22 patients (of 36 patients), and 27% demonstrated neutropenia. The survival percentage of the patients with known clinical outcome was 77%. Conclusion: Medical management mostly involved antibiosis with beta-lactams. Atypical scenario of Pasteurella multocida infection may involve bites or scratches (specifically from cats or dogs) in a cancer patient presenting with sepsis and accompanied by skin or soft tissue or respiratory tract infection. A high level of suspicion for P. multocida as a possible pathogen in cancer patients would facilitate an amelioration in morbidity ameliorating, and timely initiation of specific antibiotics.


Thermoanalytical (TA) studies including differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses were carried out to measure characteristics of dried mixtures based on two unsaturated polycarboxylic acids. Model 9% treatment (pad) solutions of maleic (M) and/or itaconic (I) acid, with and without potassium peroxydisulfate (K) as the free-radical initiator, were prepared with sodium hypophosphite (H) as the catalyst and vacuum oven-dried. DSC thermograms varied with each component; even the presence of a small amount of component K was evident. TG residue production and maximum rates of weight loss were the most useful thermal parameters. Residue/rate factors, used previously as predictors, were calculated. Previous studies indicated that high residues and low rates were indicators of combinations of reactants that resulted in good durable press treatments for fabrics. Residue/rate factors were used to rank the six mixtures that reflect actual fabric treatment combinations: MH, IH, MIH, and those same three with the initiator present. Rankings indicated that the presence of the initiator significantly increased the residue/rate factor for IHK and for MIHK. The presence of the initiator appears more beneficial to itaconic acid than to maleic acid. The rankings by the TA predictor agreed with textile properties measuring appearance and strength. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Objective To optimize the examination and treatment of transient cerebral ischemia and reduce its misdiagnosis in elderly patients with limb shaking by analyzing its clinical and imaging characteristics.Methods Clinical features of transient cerebral ischemia in 5 patients with limb shaking were analyzed.Of the 5 patients who underwent cervical ultrasonography,head MRI and angiography,2 underwent cephalo-cervical and CT angiography,! underwent digital subtraction angiography,1 underwent simple photon transmission CT,and 3 underwent encephalography,and their findings were analyzed.Results Of the 5 patients,3 were found to have paroxysmal limb shaking and 2 were found to have a weak strength of the limbs accompanying limb shaking.After expansion of the vascular stenosis and occlusion and antiplatelets treatment,the symptoms of those with limb shaking were improved.Conclusion Transient cerebral ischemia should be considered when limb shaking is found in patients with crebrovascular stenosis,especially in those with a weak limb strength.Vascular expansion and antiplatelets therapy are the effective treatment modalities for it.


There are 97"Wu"in the representative literature Lao Zi of the philosophy"Dao".They have different signification in the different context.I expect to give a little help to the readers to undersand the Dao's philosophy through interpreting their signification when they were used as a metaphysical word or a normal verb in this article.


Since, alpha-stable noise signals similarity can only be gauged by Fractional Lower-Order Auto-Covariance (FLOAC), therefore, the role of impulsiveness and skewness parameters, in generation and detection of the skewed alpha-stable ($\text{Sk}\alpha\mathrm{S}$) noise signals, has been analyzed several times in the past. However, in this paper, a thorough analysis on the role of fractional powers in changing the FLOAC of $\text{Sk}\alpha\mathrm{S}$ noise signals has been carried out. The two associated fractional powers of FLOAC has been maneuvered in three possible ways to observe the probable trend of $\text{Sk}\alpha\mathrm{S}$ noise signals in the presence and absence of Gaussian noise. According to the observed results, the fractional powers largely and solely affect the FLOAC when they are manipulated collaboratively or even individually where the analyzed results can be handy in enhancing many $\text{Sk}\alpha\mathrm{S}$ noise signal processing techniques, especially, in the detection of $\text{Sk}\alpha\mathrm{S}$ noise carrier signals in Random Communication Systems.


We analyze the combustion characteristics of single component samples and mixed samples of municipal solid waste(MSW) using thermogravimetry.The ignition temperature,burnout temperature and comprehensive combustion characteristic parameters are obtained.The activation energy of samples is acquired by analyzing combustion kinetics.The results show that the MSW combustion process includes pyrolysis,a small molecule combustion process,and a fixed carbon combustion process.Paper and fabric have the most violent and shortest duration combustion,while plastic has the longest duration.Although the thermogravimetric peak value changed little,as a whole,the combustion characteristics of every component are expressed on the combustion characteristic curves of the mixture samples.


The iodine content of table salt in cooking simulation was determined by UV spectrophotometry.The results showed that iodine content kept good linearity relationship in the scope of 0-1.6 μg/ml at the maximum absorbance wavelength of 350 nm.And the regression equation was A=0.383 7C-0.001 5.After different cooking temperatures and adding seasoning of cooking simulation samples,all the iodine content of iodized salt was lost.


Objective To study the growth inhibition mechanism of arsenic trioxide on bladder cancer T24 cell line in nude mice. Methods Bladder cancer T24 cell line cultured in vitro was inoculated in nude mice. Arsenic trioxide (5,10 mg·kg-1·d-1), Mitomycin C (MMC) and saline were injected from via tail vein into nude mice for 7 consecutive days, respectively. Morphologic changes were observed under electron microscopy. Apoptosis were studied under flow cytometry and the expressions of Caspase 3 were detected by immunocytochemical method. Results Under electron microscopy, the cells of arsenic trioxide-treated groups showed the typically morphological characteristics of apoptosis. The sub-G1 peaks were observed by flow cytometry on solid tumor specimen of arsenic trioxide groups and the apoptic rates were 10.67% and 23.42% respectively,they were higher than control group (0.83%). High expression of Caspase 3 were detected in arsenic trioxide groups (33.54% and 56.22% ) and were higher than control group (6.25%). Conclusions Arsenic trioxide can inhibit growth of bladder cancer T24 cell by induced apoptosis in nude mice.


This paper discusses two Al-Cu alloys for aerospace applications, one of which has an addition of between 1.6 and 2.0 wt.% of Li. The alloys are AA2024-T3 (Al-Cu) and AA2099-T8E77 (Al-Cu-Li). Microstructural analysis via Field Emission Gun Transmission Electron Microscope (FEGTEM) and Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscope (FEGSEM) utilising Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Electron Backscatter Detector (EBSD) techniques have been used to characterise the two microstructures and phases contained within them. Anodic polarisation and immersion testing in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution have been carried out and a comparison of the corrosion mechanisms has been made. AA2024-T3 had a fine, equiaxed grain structure, whereas AA2099-T8E77 had a substantial amount of recrystallized grains. Finer grains were also observed on AA2099-T8E77, however, the vast majority were larger than the maximum detection limit of the EBSD technique. Intergranular and pitting corrosion were observed on both alloys following immersion testing, however, the intergranular corrosion (IGC) was more prominent on AA2099-T8E77. Anodic polarisation indicated that AA2024-T3 was more noble, highlighting that the Li-containing AA2099-T8E77 alloy was more susceptible to corrosion. The T1 (Al2CuLi) phase within AA2099-T8E77 was seen to be highly active following immersion and anodic polarisation tests. The corrosion pits on AA2099-T8E77 were seen to propagate to a depth of ~ 80 to 100 μm, with a maximum of 126 μm recorded. For AA2024-T3 the maximum depth recorded was 77 μm and the average depth was between 60 and 70 μm.


In the past, College Physical Education was relatively single and the content was boring. Integrating the links of sports games into the teaching can enliven the classroom atmosphere and promote students' interest in sports gradually, so as to improve the physical health level of vocational students and Physical Education teaching effect of physical quality.


With ever-increasing network connectivity, message integrity and authenticity are critical. The primary building component of message integrity is cryptographic hash the functions. Hash functions are utilized and developed in a variety of ways. The purpose of this study is to a propose and discuss the new keyed hash function. The Hash function and the Henon map are used in this suggested technique. For whatever length of input, this technique generates a 128-bit hash code. The function hashes a message with a key so that an intruder who doesn't know the key can't fabricate the hash code, and so it meets a security, authentication, and integrity requirements for the communication in a network. The paper explains the function design an algorithm, as well as its security and implementation details. The simulation findings suggest that a text authentication and forensics algorithm with strong tampering localization ability may be utilized to authenticate and forensics text authenticity and integrity.


Abstract The article aims to identify the shortcomings of the statistics describing the size and structure of passenger car parc in Poland, and to formulate the consequences of these limitations for geographical research. Analysed in detail, the shortcomings are divided into three groups: (1) 'dead souls', i.e. an overestimation of the number of vehicles which have not been on the road for a long time but remain on the register; (2) 'cars with a grid' (cars registered as trucks in which the cargo part is separated from passenger seats by a metal grid), i.e. an underestimation of the number of passenger cars and overestimation of the number of trucks related to the mass phenomenon of registering passenger cars as large goods vehicles (LGV-approved cars); and (3) company cars, i.e. an overestimation of the number of vehicles in cities where leasing companies and large enterprises owning those cars have their headquarters. The article determines the scale of car ownership overestimation in Poland and the areas where this overestimation is the highest, using districts (PL: powiaty) as basic spatial units. We conclude that the present motorisation statistics do not fully reflect the real geography of car ownership in Poland.


A densification temperature of a ceramic material by microwave sintering is quite lower than the temperature by conventional sintering. However, the ceramic material is self-heated by electromagnetic energy during the microwave sintering processing, so that possibility of temperature measuring error is considerably high. Then it is difficult to prove that the densification temperature by microwave sintering is lower than the temperature by conventional sintering.There is a problem of sintering Si3N4 that sintering temperature is higher than decomposition temperature in atmospheric pressure of N2 gas, and a specimen can not be high density if a powder bed is not used. The decomposition rate becomes fast at the densification temperature. Furthermore, sintering density is lowered with the rise of sintering temperature since the decomposition rate becomes faster. Because of that, Si3N4 is sintered in high pressure N2 gas, or in atmospheric pressure of N2 gas with powder bed.When a Si3N4 specimen which included 5 w% Al2O3 and 5 w% Y2O3 as sintering aids, was sintered at 1700°C by conventional heating in atmospheric pressure of N2 gas without powder bed, sintering density reached 88%. And the density is lowered when the heating temperature was higher than 1700°C. The density more than 88% was not obtained even the sintering temperature was higher.On the other hand, when the specimen was sintered by microwave treating in atmospheric pressure of N2 gas at 1600V without powder bed, the sintering density was 98.1% and 98.7% at 1650°C and reached 99.0% at 1700°C.This shows clearly that the densification temperature by microwave sintering is lower than decomposition temperature. In other words, this shows that the densification temperature by microwave sintering is lower than the temperature by conventional sintering.


Microwave has been used for the fine particle formation, the monodisperse distribution and the surface modification in the field of hydrothermal synthesis and emulsion polymerization. However, nano-particle behavior such as aggregation and dispersion under microwave irradiation has not been clear. In this study, the effect of the power and the irradiation time on the nano-particle movement was dynamically analyzed using microwave reactor equipped with dynamic light scattering. Microwave will affect on surface charge of particle, which is related with electric double layer.


Objective To explore the protein C activity and cytochrome P4502C19(CYP2C19) gene expression in the patients with acute deep vein thrombosis(DVT) to determine the relationship of these two genetic factors( protein C system and the expression of CYP2C19) with DVT and to study the role and importance on these both genetic factors in the pathogenesis of patients with DVT. Methods The protein C activity and expression of CYP2C19 gene were detected in 213 cases of DVT patients so as to mastering the hereditary protein C deficiency, CYP2C19 gene mutation affecting to the incidence and significance of DVT. Results The protein C activity decreased in the group of the patients with DVT with fractures, trauma, and surgical history primary decreased protein C activity compared with control group of 126 cases. The difference is statistically significant between two groups(P 0.05). CYP2C19 gene variant including intermediary metabolism and slow metabolism had no significant distribution characteristic.The difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Hereditary protein C deficiencies plays an important role on the pathogenesis of the patients with DVT and CYP2C19 gene is also important for the prognosis of the patients with DVT. And no evidence showed that there's relationship between the protein C and CYP2C19 gene expression in the patients with DVT.


As the earthquake risk in Korea has increased, it has become necessary to cultivate the efficacy of individual citizens by their participation in earthquake response training as a matter of everyday life. This research investigates how confidence in government management capability (CGMC), cognitive evaluation of earthquake risk (CER), and fear as a mediator can promote intention to participate in earthquake response training (IPERT). Data were collected through surveys distributed to Seoul residents at 25 district offices (n=1,148) in Korea. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), with valid measurements tested by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). CGMC plays an important role in increasing IPERT directly and indirectly. While CER does not increase IPERT directly, it indirectly increases IPERT via the mediation of fear.


PURPOSE: A non-volatile memory devices and a method of forming the same are provided to prevent electric filed form concentrated on the top of a floating gate by forming a low dielectric area between the floating gate and a gate insulating layer. CONSTITUTION: In a non-volatile memory devices and a method of forming the same, a tunnel insulating layer is formed on a substrate(100). A floating gate(122) is formed on the tunnel insulating layer. A gate isolation layer(152) is formed on the floating gate. A low-K dielectric domain is formed between the floating gate top and the gate isolation layer. A control gate(162) is formed on the gate isolation layer.


Bucks has a highly skilled workforce, comparatively low unemployment rates and
particularly high GCSE attainment and staying-on rates following compulsory education.


Abstract : This report documents a comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigation of the deformation behavior of high-purity, polycrystalline alpha-titanium. A series of monotonic uniaxial compression and tension tests were carried out at room temperature under quasi-static conditions to quantify the plastic anisotropy and the tension-compression asymmetry of this material. The evolution of microstructure and texture during deformation was studied using optical image microscopy (OIM) and neutron-diffraction techniques to elucidate the role of deformation twinning and its effect on the macroscopic response. To characterize the material's strain rate sensitivity, Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar tests at strain rates of 400 to 600 sec-1 were performed along the axes of symmetry of the material. The experimental activities were complemented with multi-scale model development in the framework of plasticity theory. To describe the quasi-static macroscopic response of the material, a new anisotropic elastic/plastic model was developed. Key in its formulation is a yield criterion that captures strength differential effects. Anisotropy was introduced through a linear transformation on the Cauchy stress tensor applied to the material. This integrated experimental-theoretical effort appears to have resulted in the description, for the first time, of the anisotropic stress-response of high-purity titanium at room temperature.


Possibility for development of tourism in certain area is affected by relief characteristics as stimulating or limiting factors. Landforms contributions to geodiversity of area by increasing its scientific, educational and recreational-touristic potential. Evaluation of relief for purposes of recreation and tourism in the example of Ravna Mountain and Pale Valley was carried by usage of AHP multi-criteria analysis and rating method. The evaluation process of the relief is determined by five criteria: elevation, slope, vertical dissection, aspect and morphographic characteristics. In the process of reclassification were used criterion maps made in the GIS. Results of the evaluation showed that the relief in the studied area has a significant impact on the ability for development and application recreational tourism. Relief features of Ravna Mountain have real possibilities for improvement of existing and development of new, mass tourism activities, particularly during the summer months. Qualitatively most valuable fields, favourable for recreation, covers almost one third of the studied area.


Using the technique of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, essential oil composition was studied for species Agastache rugosa, A. scrophulariifolia, A. foeniculum, A. urticifolia, A. mexicana, cultivated under the conditions of the Middle Ural. It has been found that there prevail menthone (42.2 %) and isomenthone (18.8 %) therein.


OF DISSERTATION Homeodynamic space (HDS) shrinks as vulnerability increases with aging and repeated damage to the cells. HDS is lost in alcoholic pancreatitis patients due to overconsumption of alcohol, smoking, and high fat diets. Etiologically relevant animal models for study of chronic pancreatitis (CP) are needed. In order to begin filling this gap a central purpose of this dissertation research was to examine relationships between the alcohol and high fat diet (AHF) and pancreatitis with attention to hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviors. The AHF diet induced pancreatitis described here etiologically mimics human risk factors of AHF consumption for advancement to alcoholic CP. In this study one group of mice was fed long term with a diet of high fat and alcohol for comparison with a group fed normal chow. Mice consumed a liquid diet containing 6% alcohol and a high fat supplement ad libitum over a period of five months. Each group was evaluated for heat and mechanical hypersensitivity, and histology indicative of CP. The association of pancreatitis pathology with anxiety has been understudied. Anxiety, like pain, is useful as a transient state but when anxiety is prolonged it is termed a disorder. Anxiety is often comorbid with pain and depression. Therefore, it is important to determine anxiety in mice with CP histology. This model was characterized for the interaction of pancreatitis histology, as well as persisting pain-, anxiety-, and fear-like behaviors. The AHF diet mice developed hypersensitivity, demonstrated anxiety-like behaviors, and showed concurrent histology consistent with CP. Nontransgenic mouse models where pancreatitis is induced only by a combination of ad libitum liquid food with added alcohol and lard supplementation do not currently exist, nor has an in-depth study of anxiety-like behaviors been conducted in this mouse model. This dissertation research addresses this knowledge gap.


An examination of the literature reveals that studies on new product development processes have been carried out mostly in western contexts using sequential models. This study was conducted using the innovation systems approach and a sequential model to analyze new product development processes in selected technical and vocational colleges in Nigeria. Using a questionnaire survey method, the sequential model revealed that most of the respondents (91%) conceived of their products through job experience and only 4.9% conceived of product ideas through R&D, showing a weakness in science-based enquiries in the invention stages. In addition, 73.9% developed prototypes while 82.2%, 80.4%, and 69.2% conducted feasibly studies, business analyses and market surveys, respectively. These results imply capability in the commercialization stages of the sequential model. The systems of innovation approach however revealed very weak linkages with universities and R&D institutes which could have complemented lack of R&D activities in the technical and vocational colleges. While some useful and beneficial technological products have been developed in the colleges, we conclude that the use of sequential models and systems of innovation approach may bring a fresh perspective to the product development process.


Simulation of distributed electromagnetic effects of electrically large structures is no longer a luxury but a necessity in the accurate prediction of modern day circuit performance. In this regard, integral equation based methods have steadily gained in popularity but suffer from the time and memory bottlenecks arising from the resultant dense matrix. Fast linear complexity solvers have been introduced in the past but with the growing complexity of circuit layouts parallel implementations are the only viable options in addressing practical circuit layouts. In this paper, we present a parallel implementation of the low-rank compression based fast solver with linear cost reduction capacity with respect to the number of processors. The main problems in parallelizing a hierarchical algorithm are discussed and the advantages of the implemented scheme are highlighted. The new solver enables the simulation of full-chip problems consisting of millions of unknowns with acceptable accuracy and modest time and memory requirements


Ananda Devi's Les Jours vivants (2013) is hauntingly prescient in tracing, against the backdrop of a city propelled ever forwards by cycles of production and consumption, striking contemporary connections between social division, isolation, and racialized violence. At the time of writing this article, the news has been dominated by the Covid-19 pandemic and by global responses to acts of racialized brutality during the summer of 2020. Reading Les Jours vivants with the specificities of urgent global issues in mind, this article draws attention to a sensory trope at the heart of contemporary experience: the life and the suffocation of breath. In the article, I follow the flow of air and breath through the city, between bodies, and on the borderlines of life and death in Les Jours vivants, as a means of disclosing the unequal power relations inherent in the struggle for breath as a defining feature of our living days.


Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were fabricated by chemical vapor deposition using alcohol as a feeding gas of carbon. From the results of Raman spectroscopy with four kinds of exciting laser and consideration of chirality using the Kataura plot and chirality map, we found that the SWNTs grew with sizes from 0.92 to 1.41 nm in diameter, the possible chirality of which was 30. Metallic and semiconducting SWNTs grew. However, when irradiating 800 nm free-electron laser (FEL) during growth, the SWNTs of 1.1 nm diameter grew with a reduced possible chirality of 5, the electric property of which could be semiconducting. We revealed that the irradiation of FEL was effective to control the chirality of SWNTs to achieve ultrahigh-dense field effect devices.


Microfabricated transducers enable the label-free detection of biomolecules in nanoliter size samples. We have recently developed a new resonant micromechanical mass sensor that is exceptionally well suited for the detection of biomolecular interactions in a microfluidic framework. Our approach completely eliminates viscous damping by confining the fluid to the inside of a hollow resonator of less than 0.1 nL volume. However, previously we had not been able to integrate all device components and the connecting fluidics in a single package. In this paper, we present for the first time a complete chip-level package that enables efficient fluid delivery and, at the same time, provides integrated electrical contacts to actuate the resonator electrostatically. Combining these components required the development of a new packaging process: thin gaskets of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) are micromolded and then bonded in selected areas to a metallized and patterned carrier substrate. While the process flow was specifically developed for the resonant sensor described below, the result is a general technique that can greatly simplify the packaging of many other biomedical devices using microfluidics.


A survey of the physical condition of faculties and staff members in colleges and universities,shows that there is a high incidence in chronic and noninfective diseases among them, and the condition is even worse among professors, with a rate of subhealth accounting for 69.18%. This paper deals with the pattern the integration of community health services,including precautions, medical service, medical care, convalescence, health education, and family planning and points out that it is the very prospect for the reformed hospitals. In addition, after referring to the experience from other institutions, the author propounds some specific ideas about the establishment of local community health service with the only purpose of benefiting all the faculties and staff members with lower medical cost but superior service. The fundamental way out for the reformed hospital lies in development.


the Old Tales Retold is an important resource to understand the latter part of Lu Xun's creativity and ideas which were contained in the new changes and the weaving of the Old Tales Retold.In particular,the changes of the Old Tales Retold include changes in the plot and themes、the art of characteristics of the new variable,such as changes in from myth to fiction、the adoption of an indirect approaching and metaphor、the subjective and psychological-based description of a large number of intervention、the value on the orientation as non-governmental positions.In addition,the inconsistencies between the Collected Works of articles and the creation time of articles reflected the changes of Lu Xun's creative ideas.


Purpose Knowledge of the prevalence of blood group antigens in a given population is important for the prevention of hemolytic reactions. The MNS blood group system (002) has four polymorphic antigens—M, N, S, and s. Anti-S and anti-s antibodies may result in immediate and delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions, and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn may occur. The present study investigated the frequencies of the main antigens and phenotypes of the MNS blood group system. Subjects and Methods We randomly obtained 149 samples from anonymous Saudi blood donors living in Jazan Province. Serotyping was conducted using a gel card to investigate (M, N, S, and s) antigens and phenotypes. Results The frequencies of MNS antigens were as follows: M = 89.26%, N = 51.67%, S = 61.07%, and s = 82.55%. Regarding the MNS phenotypes, nine phenotypes were observed in the study population. The most common phenotype was M+N–S+s+ (n = 36, 24.16%), in contrast to the least common phenotype M+N–S–s– (n = 1, 0.67%). The prevalence of the MNS phenotypes in the current study population was highly and significantly different from that in Europeans (P = 0.044) and African Americans (P = 0.000). Conclusion In summary, this study reports the frequencies of the MNS antigens and phenotypes in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia. The most common phenotype was M+N–S+s+, whereas the least observed phenotype was M+N–S–s–. The outcomes of this study may assist the blood banks in Jazan Province to establish an extended phenotyping protocol including the MNS antigens, in particular S and s antigens, to preclude any alloimmunization events.


Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are composed of magnetizable particles (iron particles) and a soft rubberlike matrix. Their mechanical properties, including modulus and damping capability, depend on both an external magnetic field and an environmental temperature. To systematically investigate thetemperature-dependent mechanical properties, six different kinds of MREs samples based on a mixed rubber matrices (cis-polybutadiene rubber and natural rubber) and their mass ratios of BR and NR were 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:100, were fabricated in this study. The steady-state and dynamic mechanical properties of the samples were measured under different conditions by using a rheometer. The results revealed that storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G′′) of samples, which contained only cis-polybutadiene rubber (BR), decreased linearly with the temperature increment. However, the modulus of sample which contained much natural rubber (NR) showed different characteristic, and the relationships...