Autism affects approximately 1 person in every 150. People with autism have problems with social interaction and communication and can become preoccupied with objects and routines or rituals in a way that interferes with their day to day life. Many individuals with autism have intellectual impairment, but among these people some have islets of normal or even above normal ability. Autism causes problems for the individuals and for their families and carers; and intensive services such as special education, multidisciplinary health care and community support services are often needed. Because autism is such a profound problem, parents and carers can be drawn to a wide variety of therapies. That said, the mainstay of treatment in early life is behavioural, educational and specific (such as speech) therapies. Drug treatment has a smaller, but nevertheless important, role and our Cochrane review examines the evidence for one class of these, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or SSRIs (1). In recent years, prescribing of serotonin enhancing drugs has increased more than any other medication class for autism, with the rationale being that serotonin is thought to mediate some of the brain processes that are likely to occur in autism. However, the SSRIs have gained a negative reputation among children and adolescents, because they have been associated with an increased risk for suiciderelated behaviours. Amidst these doubts about the safety of the drugs, our review was needed to find out whether there is sufficient evidence on their potential benefits and harms to be able to recommend the use of serotonin enhancing drugs in autism. We found that there were few trials, most of which were small, of uncertain quality and had used a wide variety measure to measure a wide range of outcomes. From the studies available, we couldn't find any evidence of a positive effect for children, and the results for adults were equivocal. Only one study in adults assessed depression and anxiety outcomes, and one other study assessed improvements in aggression. All the trials were short term, typically giving the drugs for a matter of weeks, even though we know that long term therapy over months and years would be required if serotonin enhancing drugs did reduce the problems created by autism. Regarding safety, a child taking citalopram in one of the trials experienced a prolonged seizure but we found no information suggesting an increase in suicide-related behaviours. After doing the review, it is clear that gaps remain in the evidence base. These gaps would be resolved by the conduct of one or two large studies with a low risk of bias to investigate the serotonin drugs that have already been studied in small trials, as well as the serotonin enhancing drugs that have yet to feature in autism research. At the moment, though, and on the basis of the available data, we cannot advise the universal use of serotonin enhancing drugs for children who have autism and no other conditions. Where someone with autism does have other problems, such as obsessive compulsive disorder, depression, or anxiety, for which serotonin enhancing drugs might also be used, decisions about the use of the drugs should be made on an individual basis.


This research project seeks to gauge the autonomous power of the European Commission within the Open Method of Coordination (OMC), a new mode of governance coined at the Lisbon European Council in March 2000 and based on the principle of the voluntary cooperation of Member States. Two cases form the basis of this inquiry, namely, quality in work, a policy issue addressed under the banner of the European Employment Strategy, and child poverty and social exclusion, a key item on the agenda of the OMC for Social Inclusion. A primary impetus at the heart of this project is one of ontological pluralism. Rejecting a zero-sum interpretation of the rationalist/constructivist debate, this study constitutes a plea for a conversation across paradigms. The domain-of-application model employed here works by preserving the integrity of individual theories while specifying a particular scope condition under which constructivist and rationalist insights are likely to prevail. Selecting two cases on the basis of the critical scope condition of issue sensitivity, a central postulate informing this integrative research design is that high issue sensitivity (quality in work) invites strategic interaction among pre-constituted social actors driven by a behavioural logic of utility-maximization, while low issue sensitivity (child poverty and social exclusion) allows for a fundamentally norm-guided behaviour. Concretely, in effecting this theoretical dialogue, two sets of causal hypotheses are examined. On the one hand, rational choice institutionalism (principal-agent theory) offers a number of suppositions about the Commission's institutional power, that is, its ability to transform the conditions of action of self-seeking national governments. On the other hand, sociological institutionalism conceptualizes the Commission's productive power (i.e. its power to constitute the interests and identities of individual agents) through the lens of discourse analysis. Testing theoretical predictions against collected data makes plain the superior explanatory value of independent variables and causal mechanisms of rationalist lineage in capturing the essence of the Commission's autonomous power in the case of quality in work and the congruity of sociological institutionalism's original conjectures in the area of child poverty and social exclusion. Crucially, this strict correspondence corroborates the pertinence of the critical scope condition of issue sensitivity in delineating the explanatory ambit of both theories and attests to the co-existence of different forms of autonomous power wielded by the Commission within the framework of the OMC.


Low-doses of radiation, such as those received in the nuclear industry, are associated with a small excess risk of developing cancer, according to an international study published online in the BMJ on 29 June 2005 and coordinated by WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC (Risk of cancer after low doses of ionising radiation retrospective cohort study in 15 countries, British Medical Journal Online First, accessible at http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/onlinefirst_date.shtml.)


A reentrant transition from an incipient charge-ordered (CO) state to a charge-delocalized ferromagnetic (CDFM) state has been established in the manganate Nd0.25La0.25Ca0.5MnO3, in which the average A-site ionic radius is 1.19 Angstrom. The reentrant CDFM phase is associated with a first-order phase transition that reduces the orthorhombic distortion of the lattice, in contrast to the CO transition in other manganates where the orthorhombically distorted CO state is stabilized at low temperatures. At the CO-CDFM transition, there is a collapse of the charge-ordering gap as measured by vacuum tunneling spectroscopy.


In this paper, a constant of motion of charged particle motion in homogeneous electromagnetic field is derived from Newton's equations and the characteristics of partial differential equation, the related Lagrangian is also given by means of the obtained constant of motion. By discussing the Lie symmetry for this classical system, this paper obtains the general expression of the conserved quantity. It is shown that the conserved quantity is the same as the constant of motion in essence.


The reasons of DC voltage distortion are analysed.Measurement method is given based on analog filtering and virtual instrument technology,which can get DC voltage distortion factor and distortion spectrum of aircraft electrical system.This method accords with military standard GJB181A-2003.At last,the test result of a aircraft electrical system is given.


Abstract The development of science, which has been observed in recent years, shows that engineering knowledge and activity are becoming more and more interdisciplinary. Up to the late 80-ties of the previous century, the experience and interest of engineers covered mainly hard sciences that directly followed their education. After this period, the engineering knowledge and solutions proposed in one discipline started to be applied successfully in other domains. This tendency can be seen especially in Biomedical Engineering, which development is based on achievements made in the rest of hard sciences, even if they seem to be as distant as Environmental Engineering.


The structure of spinnerettes for PET filament was analyzed based on the characteristics of PET filament products and the development of production technology. The material,microcellular structure and rearrangement of the spinnerettes were also discussed. It was suggested that the guiding groove,single transition hole and processing accuracy should be increased so as to enhance the production capacity.


Scattering phase shifts for the relativistic corrections to the ordinary Coulomb interaction between two protons are calculated in the first Born approximation. The scattering matrix resulting from these phase shifts is obtained and shown to agree with the results of the preceding paper.


We aimed to identify risk factors for recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) after unprovoked pulmonary embolism. Analyses were based on the double-blind randomised PADIS-PE trial, which included 371 patients with a first unprovoked pulmonary embolism initially treated during 6 months who were randomised to receive an additional 18 months of warfarin or placebo and followed up for 2 years after study treatment discontinuation. All patients had ventilation/perfusion lung scan at inclusion (i.e. at 6 months of anticoagulation). During a median follow-up of 41 months, recurrent VTE occurred in 67 out of 371 patients (6.8 events per 100 person-years). In main multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio for recurrence was 3.65 (95% CI 1.33–9.99) for age 50–65 years, 4.70 (95% CI 1.78–12.40) for age >65 years, 2.06 (95% CI 1.14–3.72) for patients with pulmonary vascular obstruction index (PVOI) ≥5% at 6 months and 2.38 (95% CI 1.15–4.89) for patients with antiphospholipid antibodies. When considering that PVOI at 6 months would not be available in practice, PVOI ≥40% at pulmonary embolism diagnosis (present in 40% of patients) was also associated with a 2-fold increased risk of recurrence. After a first unprovoked pulmonary embolism, age, PVOI at pulmonary embolism diagnosis or after 6 months of anticoagulation and antiphospholipid antibodies were found to be independent predictors for recurrence. Residual pulmonary embolism is an independent predictor for recurrence after unprovoked pulmonary embolism http://ow.ly/jf0X30fQQGf


Objectives: To explore the correlationship of plasma Apelin and angiotensin II (Ang II) with blood pressure and early renal damage in hypertensives. Methods: 354 apparently healthy people and 317 patients with essential hypertension were selected from a cross-sectional investigation of community population aged above 30 and lived more than 5 years in coastal area of Fujian Province to test the levels of Apelin, Ang II, urine creatinine and urinary albumin. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to find out the relationships separately between blood pressure and Apelin, blood pressure and Ang II, urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) and Apelin, UACR and Ang II. Results: (1) The levels of Apelin in hypertensives were lower than those in the healthy controls (P < 0.01), but the levels of Ang II and UACR in hypertensives were higher(P < 0.01). (2) Mean arterial pressure (MABP) was negatively associated with Ln(Apelin) (P < 0.01), but positively associated with Ln(Ang II) (P < 0.01). This association existed after adjustments for sex, age and blood lipid, etc. (3) Ln(Apelin) was negatively correlated with Ln(Ang II) (P < 0.01). This association existed after adjustments for age, sex, etc. (4) In the group of hypertension with early renal damage, the level of Apelin was lower (P < 0.05) and the level of Ang II was higher (P < 0.05). Ln(UACR) was negatively associated with Ln(Apelin) (P < 0.01), but positively associated with Ln(Ang II) (P < 0.01). This association existed in the controls of sex, age, MABP and blood lipid, etc. Conclusion: (1) As blood pressure elevated, the level of Apelin went down and the level of Ang II went up. (2) Apelin was negatively correlated with Ang II. (3) In hypertensives with early renal damage, the level of Apelin was low and the level of Ang II was high.


- One of the toughest parts of being an administrator is to make the most suitable decisions in the circumstances faced in school. This study is guided by progressivism and has showed the significance of the problem-solving approach in education specifically in decision-making by using the forecast methodology termed as progressive anticipation. The researcher has identified some of the key problems faced in educational management and has proposed the use of a computer software that is capable of analyzing fragments to show the best options to solve the encountered school problems. The research output has also identified the software framework which will guide the programming of the aforementioned software.


Abstract: By focusing on differences between Islamic and common management, present paper attempts to study "goal" issue in both approaches and represent theoretical objective pattern in Islamic management. By studying Islam, liberalism and socialism as the communicators with practical experience in establishing political systems, it has expounded the difference of their attitudes toward human being and its destination, their doctrine and Palladian pillars in management arena, base and two destinations of felicity or adversity these two aspects. Present study has attempted to represent a paradigmatic pattern on goal theory in Islamic management by using databased theory and community consisting of 27 Islamic sources as Islamic management cognitive resources. The findings indicate that despite of some similarities in this ambit, there are basic differences between these two approaches in content and method of "goal" issue. In western common management, the manager and personnel are both human beings who serve organization (as asset holders) for purpose of gaining benefit and more enjoy in passing life and all planning in this kind of management is toward deficit and discriminatory securement of human material world. Be Islamic governance at its government level and its organizations as the intermediary between man and God, in aspects like God central, perfection-seeking, security central, law central, right central, God moral central, knowledge central, unity central, deny ignominy special, dignified independence central, construction central, God correction central providing the field to human proximity to its creator and eternal happiness. Keywords: God, Human, goal, management, Islamic management, Western management.


Pakistan has the history of occurrence of severe weather phenomena in different parts of country - mainly in northern and central parts of country. A tornado occurred at Chak Misran, Bhalwal in Sargodha district on the evening of March 28, 2001 at about 1530 PST. This tornado reaches F2 intensity (120 miles/hour) and caused considerable loss of lives, injuries and destruction across the path of the Tornado. A well marked low pressure area was lying over Northern Areas of the Punjab, as evident on surface level charts of March 28, 2008 from 0000 UTC to 0900 UTC, appreciable pressure gradient existed further north-westwards of he low pressure system. The system was extended upto mid-tropospheric level (500 hpa). There was appreciable incursion of moisture from North Arabian Sea and a cold air was penetrating into North Western parts of the country. Thunderstorms activity has been reported by a number of meteorological observing stations of North Punjab. In this study effort has been made to understand the synoptic feature of this particular event. Suggestions have also been presented to better forecast the tornadoes and its preparedness.


The research was conducted on a forest road on the territory of the State Forests in Poland, in the Brzeziny Forest District, where eight test sections with a total length of 422 m were created with different pavement system on a low-bearing soil substrate (clay, silt loam) as part of the road reconstruction in 2016. The bearing capacity of the pavement was evaluated based on the static strain modulus ME MN·m−2 by measuring with a statistic plate (VSS), the dynamic deformation modulus Evd MN·m−2 obtained from lightweight deflectometer measurements, and the elastic deflection of the pavement Us mm evaluated from Benkelaman beam measurements. It has been shown that pavements made of crushed aggregate and common gravel on timber roller substructure maintain good bearing capacity parameters, where the average values of secondary modulus of strain are above 130 MN·m−2, and in the case of pine rollers, this modulus has increased. Pavements on low-bearing soils reinforced with willow brushwood mattresses have low bearing capacity parameters, with averages of 26.09 ≤ MEII ≤ 53.93 and 22.1 ≤ Evd ≤ 39.1 MN·m−2, but the technical condition of the pavement makes it possible to continue carrying out forestry-related transportation. The research confirms the possibility of reinforcing soils with poor bearing capacity with wooden rollers, and in the case of willow mats for roads with light truck movements.


As PCS networks aim to provide 'anytime-anywhere' cellular services, mobile terminals' (MTs) locations should be managed continuously. Location management (LM) includes two processes; registration and paging. Registration concerned with reporting MTs current locations, while, paging locates the callee MT. Both processes incur signalling cost across the wireless channel, which need to be reduced due to the scarcity of PCS wireless bandwidth. In spite of its minimal latency, blanket paging, used in current networks, wastes the network bandwidth. This paper aims to reduce the paging signalling cost under delay bounds. The paper contributions can be summarised as: 1) establishing a family of paging strategies under two proposed probability based LM strategies (PBLM and MPBLM); 2) introducing a novel topology for PCS registration area called the 'hot spot topology' (HST); 3) based on HST, another new LM strategy called 'flower based location management' (FBLM) is introduced. The proposed paging strategies substantially lower the signalling cost compared with the blanket one. Also, experimental results have shown that FBS dramatically reduce the signalling load (up to 80%) with a minimal increase in paging delay.


Because of the vagueness and ambiguity of natural language on its expression form of logical reasoning can not guarantee the accuracy, resulting in a fuzzy between logic and other disciplinary boundaries,Frege had the idea of constructing a formal language of pure thinking.He constructed the concept notation"by imitating the arithmetic language.This language avoid the distinction of subject and predicate, and eliminated the ambiguity of natural language.Then he formalized propositional logic and predicate logic and constructed their axiom system. Concept Notation achieved the turning from traditional logic to modern logic, and led to the birth of analytic philosophy and the philosophy of language.


Background: Much emphasis is put on providing evidence to assist policymakers in priority setting and investment decisions. Assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions is one technique used by policymakers in their decisions around the allocation of scarce resources. However, even where such evidence is available, other considerations may also be taken into account, and even over-ride technical evidence. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the most effective intervention to reduce HIVrelated morbidity and prolong mortality. However, treatment provision in the developing world has been hindered by the high costs of services and drugs, casting doubts on its cost-effectiveness. This paper looks at Thailand's publicly-funded antiretroviral initiative which was first introduced in 1992, and explores the extent to which cost-effectiveness evidence influenced policy. Methods: This article reviews the development of the national ART programme in Thailand between 1992 and 2004. It examines the roles of cost-effectiveness information in treatment policy decisions. Qualitative approaches including document analysis and interview of key informants were employed. Results: Two significant policy shifts have been observed in government-organised ART provision. In 1996, service-based therapy for a few was replaced by a research network to support clinical assessments of antiretroviral medication in public hospitals. This decision was taken after a domestic study illustrated the unaffordable fiscal burden and inefficient use of resources in provision of ART. The numbers of treatment recipients was maintained at 2,000 per year throughout the 1990s. It was not until 2001 that a new government pledged to extend the numbers receiving the service, as part of its commitment to universal coverage. Several elements played a role in this decision: new groups of dominant actors, drug price reductions, a pro-active civil society movement, lessons from experience on treatment benefits, and global treatment advocacy. Unlike previous policy discourse, human rights, ethics and equity notions were explicitly raised to support therapy extension. Conclusion: In the early decision, moving from a relatively limited ART service to a research network was clearly influenced by cost-effectiveness data. But in the 2001 decision to include ART in the universal coverage package, cost-effectiveness arguments were over-ruled by other considerations. Thai ART policy was shaped by many factors, and was not a simple rational process which relied on evidence. Published: 30 December 2006 Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation 2006, 4:21 doi:10.1186/1478-7547-4-21 Received: 25 August 2006 Accepted: 30 December 2006 This article is available from: http://www.resource-allocation.com/content/4/1/21 © 2006 Tantivess and Walt; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation 2006, 4:21 http://www.resource-allocation.com/content/4/1/21


In a recent paper published in this journal, Marsballa and Nesbitt (1986) present an economist's point of view of OPEC pricing. In particular, they compute profit maximizing price strategies using a dynamic representation of the world oil market. The purpose of this paper is not to dispute the calculated numbers but to question the qualitative validity of the calculated optimal paths. The claim of this note is that it is very unlikely to generate smooth paths -- e.g. the price strategies shown in their paper -- the presented framework.


The Council decided to recommend to the Representative Body that a board of science and medical education should direct the B.M.A.'s medico-scientific and medico-sociological work, other than its publications, through special panels or committees. Minister of Health asked to set up an independent and comprehensive inquiry into the question of entry into the central list of the supplementary ophthalmic service. Report of B.M.A. Committee on Therapeutic Abortion published (B.M.7., 20 January, p. 171). General Medical Council asked to receive a joint deputation from the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the B.M.A, to discuss the ethical position of doctors under the Abortion Act. Memorandum of evidence sent to Monopolies Commission in response to its request to professional bodies for information on nature and extent of restrictive practices affecting professional services. A second report on vocational training for general practice, prepared by the G.M.S. Committee's Advisory Committee on Vocational Training and Continuing Education for General Practice, approved " as an indication " of the way the G.M.S. Committee thought vocational training should develop. New salary scales and a revised salary structure for public health medical officers announced. The Council lifted its ban on advertisements in the B.M.J. for local authority public health medical appointments.


A composite air-conditioning apparatus and air conditioning method, the air conditioning apparatus comprising a first body, comprising: a first housing system comprising a first housing provided with a housing air discharge port; a first air systems, inclusive are respectively provided with an air delivery conduit and a first air suction port of the first air outlet, the air delivery pipe line is provided with a first air conveyor, the first air outlet disposed in the first box body; a first liquid system for delivering or discharging a first liquid, the first liquid to the first box body to be treated into contact with air in which the occurrence of one or more contaminants or a physical or chemical action or a biological reaction, so as to be purification; possible to adjust the temperature of the air after purification by controlling the temperature of the first liquid, or by controlling the water content and / or within the first desiccant liquid to adjust the humidity of the purified air. The present invention also provides a method of using the air conditioning the composite air-conditioning equipment.


Like today's masses, the characters in J. G. Ballard's Crash are fascinated by what Jean Baudrillard calls the accident, especially when it involves the death of a celebrity. Ballard's characters, however, reenact their accidents as sexual rituals of a marriage between technology and death that are beyond the realm of moral judgment, making Crash sci-fi, hypothetical, unrealistic. Calling Crash "the first great novel of the universe of simulation," Jean Baudrillard has drawn heavy criticism for missing the alleged moral point, both in Crash and in the still-real world. As a fiction writer, Ballard is given a wide moral berth, but when Baudrillard's theory turns sci-fi, the question of ethical boundaries is broached, and leniency is less likely. In defense of Baudrillard, I read him, like Ballard, in the Nietzschean tradition of a purposefully amoral, negative aestheticism, which I argue is of value to ethics and radical politics in a world governed by instrumental simulacra.


As the HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to grow, it continues to be a huge threat to the social and economic well-being of a society. Studies show that the epidemic has significantly affected the development of Kenya. Numerous interventions by different bodies (e.g. the national government, international donors, civil society organizations) to prevent its spread continue to be put in place. Male Circumcision has been proven to reduce the risk of HIV transmission. A statistical model that shows the relationship between male circumcision and HIV prevalence is therefore of great importance as it can be used to bring out the inverse relationship between the two response variables and hence support male circumcision as an effective intervention for prevention of HIV spread. We use Bivariate Probit regression to model the correlation between Male Circumcision and HIV prevalence while looking into factors affecting both HIV and Male Circumcision.


We discuss the organisation of internet communities, focusing on what we call the principle of "bait and switch": founders of internet communities often find it advantageous to recruit members by promising inducements which are later not honoured. We look at some of the dilemmas and ways of attempting to resolve them through two paradigmatic examples, Wikispaces and Wordpress. Our analysis is to a large extent motivated by the demands of CALLector, a university-centred social network we are in the process of establishing. We consider the question of what ethical standards are imposed on universities engaged in this type of activity.


This standard describes a method for encrypting data using the RSA public-key cryp-tosystem [1]. Its intended use is in the construction of digital signatures and digital envelopes , as described in PKCS #7 [2]: • For digital signatures, the content to be signed is first reduced to a message digest with a message-digest algorithm (such as MD5 [3]), and then an octet string containing the message digest is encrypted with the RSA private key of the signer of the content. The content and the encrypted message digest are represented together according to the syntax in PKCS #7 to yield a digital signature. This application is compatible with Privacy-Enhanced Mail methods [4,5]. • For digital envelopes, the content to be enveloped is first encrypted under a content-encryption key with a content-encryption algorithm (such as DES [6]), and then the content-encryption key is encrypted with the RSA public key(s) of the recipient(s) of the content. The encrypted content and the encrypted content-encryption key are represented together according to the syntax in PKCS #7 to yield a digital envelope. This application is also compatible with Privacy-Enhanced Mail methods. The standard also describes a syntax for RSA public keys and private keys. The public-key syntax would be used in certificates; the private-key syntax would be used typically in encrypted private keys [7]. The public-key syntax is identical to that in both X.509 [8] 1 Versions 1.0–1.3 are superseded by this version. The earlier versions were distributed to participants in RSA Data Security, Inc.'s Public-Key Cryptography Standards meetings in February and March 1991.


Three species of the family Noctuidae –Phlogophora striatovirens (Moore, 1867), Usbeca kulmburgi (Rebel, 1918) and Feliniopsis leucostigma (Moore, 1867) – are reported for the first time from China. Photographs of adults and genital characteristics are provided.


Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), which include some of the most widely prescribed drugs in Pakistan and world over, produce fewer adverse effects than other types of antidepressants. But their use can be associated with disruption of the action of antidiuretic hormone in the body, which wreaks havoc with homeostasis. This may lead to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), which is characterized by hyponatremia, a potentially fatal condition that is typically asymptomatic until it becomes severe. SIADH is more likely in some populations, including people who are elderly or who take diuretics. Serum sodium levels should be monitored closely in those at higher risk [1].
CASE REPORT
A 40 years old male was admitted to surgical ward on account of abdominal pain and vomiting of 2 days duration. While in the ward he developed a generalized tonic clonic seizure, which was witnessed by the paramedical staff. He was shifted to the medical care unit and investigated. He complained of generalized weakness and anorexia and there was no past history of fits. On examination he was drowsy, had tongue laceration and urinary incontinence. There was no focal neurological deficit and systemic examination was unremarkable. While in the surgical unit he received omeprazole infusion, ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and metoclopromide along with normal saline and ringer lactate for provisional diagnosis of acute abdomen. His preliminary laboratory results revealed hyponatremia (Serum Na 114 mmol/L), serum hypo osmolality (245.2 momol/L) and urine hyper osmolarity (534.4 mosmol/L), leading to the provisional diagnosis of SIADH. In order to establish the cause of SIADH, all other investigations including serum cortisol, renal function tests, thyroid function tests and pituitary function tests were done and were within normal range. His CT scan brain and CT scan and ultrasound examination of abdomen were also unremarkable.


Application of the concept of risk in the building industry has only recently commenced[1,2] although such concept has been conceived for some time[3]. On the other hand, risk characterisation has been extensively carried out in other industries, such as nuclear industries[4], petrochemical industries[5] and process industries[6], for decades. Arup is a multi-disciplinary engineering consultancy firm that has its operation divided into Americas, Australasia, East Asia, and Europe Regions with over 7,000 employees in more than 70 offices. Arup Fire is a specialist group in the firm with a total of over 150 professional Fire Safety Engineers working in different Regions. Over the last few years, quite a few fire risk assessment projects were carried out by Arup Fire in the four Regions, however the numbers and types of such project differ greatly among the Regions. This paper serves to provide an overview of the fire risk assessments undertaken by Arup Fire in the four Regions, and attempts to crudely decipher the reasons behind the differences in the fire risk assessment projects among the Regions. A fire risk assessment that is carried out in the commercial world is given as an example. Difficulties encountered in the studies based on our project experience are identified and recommendations on further research are provided.


The survey of facades is a defendant process in several areas like architectural design and planning. The photogrammetry provides high geometric accuracy and but allows us to see the texture of the object. With the emergence of free software in this area, it turns into one of the most accessible techniques. To demonstrate the potential of this technique, we present here three examples of facade surveys of different types, made with this technique and using free software, using for that an uncalibrated conventional camera.
It also includes a study that shows an analysis of the accuracy achievable with this process, and a direct comparison with two conventional surveying instruments. The work shows, therefore, as close-range photogrammetry allows a cheaper and quick, accurate and efficient survey of facades.


This paper presents an experimental determination of the buckling load and the buckling coefficient of a circular, annular plate with constant thickness that is made of an elastic-plastic hardening material. The annulus is simply supported and uniformly loaded on the outer edge, the inner edge is free and not loaded. The unstable state appears when the stress state is already in the elastic-plastic domain. The experimental results are compared to the results obtained from a mathematical model, which can take into account an idealized elastic, linear hardening, rheological model or a measured stress-strain curve. The paper describes the measuring procedure, the equipment and the choice of the material and the geometry of the specimens, which ensure that elastic-plastic buckling occurs during the experiment. The difference between the experimental and numerical results is 5.5 %.


Background  Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease of the skin and has been associated with a significant morbidity and an increased mortality rate.


Objectives: Decidual polyps (DPs) are highly associated with spontaneous abortion and preterm birth, although the management still remains to be established. We aimed to meticulously observe the sequential ultrasoundgraphic findings of DPs which were treated with cervical cerclage (CC) because of the shortening of cervical length (CL) and evaluate their clinical outcome. Methods: The patients who presented DPs which had more than 8 mm stalks in its diameter protruding out of the external os from upper side of the internal os were retrospectively reviewed. Polypectomy was not performed in any cases. CC was performed using McDonald method for the patients whose CL was less than 25mm before 25 weeks of gestation. Results: Fifteen patients were diagnosed with DPs between 2016 to 2018. Migration of DPs into placental parenchyma and the shortening of cervical length were observed simultaneously in eight cases and CC was performed. Median values and ranges were as following at the time of surgery: gestational age (GA), 18+6 (11+5-22+3) weeks / WBC, 10700 (7300 13000)/μl; CRP, 0.18 (0.02 0.79) mg/dl; CL, 14.5 (0-21.6) mm. Median GA of delivery was 36+5 (35+0-38+5) weeks and all the mothers and neonates discharged uneventfully. Conclusions: CC was successfully performed even in the cases with internal migration of DPs. Clinical obstetricians should keep in mind that CC might be effective in the patients who suffer from threatened abortion or preterm delivery because of DPs. EP03.06 Assisted reproductive technology and the risk of preterm birth


INTRODUCTION: REFUGEES, IMMIGRANTS, AND EDUCATION IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH: LIVES IN MOTION Lesley Bartlett & Ameena Ghaffar-Kucher Chapter 1 STATE, MARKET, XENOPHOBIA: MAKING HAITIAN EDUCATIONAL MIGRANTS IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Kiran Jayaram Chapter 2 AM I MY BROTHER'S KEEPER?: HAITIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SENEGAL Toni Cela Hamm Chapter 3 THE PERILOUS TREK: ZIMBABWEAN MIGRANT CHILDREN AND TEACHERS IN SOUTH AFRICA Jonathan Crush & Godfrey Tawodzera Chapter 4 "THERE IS VIOLENCE EITHER WAY SO LET VIOLENCE COME WITH AN EDUCATION": SOUTHERN SUDANESE REFUGEE WOMEN'S USE OF EDUCATION FOR AN IMAGINED PEACEFUL FUTURE Ginger A. Johnson Chapter 5 TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL CAPITAL AND EMERGENT LIVELIHOODS: CULTURAL STRATEGIES AMONG REPATRIATED SOUTH SUDANESE MaryBeth Chrostowsky & David E. Long Chapter 6 TRANSNATIONAL SCHOOLING IN PUNJAB, INDIA: DESIGNER MIGRANTS AND CULTURAL POLITICS Kaveri Qureshi & Filippo Osella Chapter 7 TRADITION, ENLIGHTENMENT, AND THE ROLE OF SCHOOLING IN GENDER POLITICS AMONG SOMALI GIRLS AND WOMEN IN DADAAB Patricia Buck & Rachel Silver Chapter 8 REFUGEE CAMP EDUCATION: POPULATIONS LEFT BEHIND Susan Banki Chapter 9 EDUCATION FOR MIGRANT CHILDREN ALONG THE THAILAND-BURMA BORDER: GOVERNANCE AND GOVERNMENTALITY IN A GLOBAL POLICYSCAPE CONTEXT Kim Johnson Chapter 10 THE CONSEQUENCES OF STATUS: THE SCHOOLING OF IRAQIS IN JORDAN Carine Allaf & Kate Washington Chapter 11 IMPENETRABLE CITIZENSHIP: TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF NON-CITIZEN STUDENTS IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Cambria Dodd Russell &Tatyana Kleyn Chapter 12 MARGINAL INTEGRATION: THE RECEPTION OF REFUGEE-BACKGROUND STUDENTS IN AUSTRALIAN SCHOOLS Joel Windle & Jennifer Miller Chapter 13 THE MAKING AND UNMAKING OF "IDEAL IMMIGRANT STUDENTS": WORKING CLASS SOUTH ASIAN TEENAGERS IN HONG KONG Wai-chi Chee Chapter 14 THE CONSEQUENCES OF MATERNAL MIGRATION ON EDUCATION ASPIRATIONS OF MEXICAN CHILDREN LEFT BEHIND Gabrielle Oliveira Chapter 15 CULTURAL CAPITAL ACQUISITION THROUGH MATERNAL MIGRATION: EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES OF FILIPINO LEFT-BEHIND CHILDREN Asuncion Fresnoza-Flot


For gas well HB1,high wellhead temperature and high water production make the throttling effect unapparent.Separation equipment at room temperature is difficult to effectively separate natural gas with saturated water vapor at high working temperature.High temperature out of station leads to more liquid loading in the output pipeline and frequent pigging,which makes operating costs increased.The problems of gas-water separation system at the gas well HB1 are analyzed.Combined with the actual situation of the well site,the treatment of gas-water separation is discussed for the wells with high water production at high temperature.The key of the solution is to throttle after most liquid water is separated and to drop working temperature of the separator.The first level of throttling work may be done at the front of filter separator and to the rear of horizontal separator,which can improve horizontal separator pressure and reduce pressure on the downstream processes.It may solve the problem of poor effect of gas-water separation.After the horizontal separator separates the most liquid water,throttling effect of natural gas with saturated water is obvious,and condensate liquid water may be separated by filter separator and gas-liquid coalesce.The calculation results show that the temperature out of the station should be controlled below 25℃,which can make less produced water into gas piping,pigging for less times and production cost saving.


ABSTRACT The impact of child sexual abuse (CSA) disclosure on parents' psychological health has been documented among samples of nonoffending parents. Much less is known about the parents' physical health. This study assesses the longitudinal impact of CSA disclosure on both the mental and physical health of parents and explores potential gender differences. Interviews with 92 mothers and 32 fathers were completed approximately 12 months and 18 months following disclosure. Generalized as well as mixed model analyses revealed that mothers reported more psychological distress, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and activity limitation than fathers. With the exception of PTSD symptoms which showed a significant reduction over time, all other psychological and physical symptoms persisted. The findings highlight the importance of ensuring services for an extended period for the small proportion of parents who display especially high vulnerability.


This paper presents a near-field photonic pillar array for particle sorting. The phonic pillar array is generated based on the evanescent coupling in a nano-waveguide array. When particles with different sizes are flowing through the array, they undergo different optical force and hence are separated. The size of each pillar can be changed from 9.8 to 5.3 µm by changing the refractive index from 1.332 to 1.430. In the experiment, the 2-µm and 0.5-µm particles are successfully separated by the photonic pillar arrays. This method has high potential in nanoparticle and biomolecule sorting.


*Mixed phases of hydrometeors including ice and snow play important roles in winter precipitation microphysics and corresponding processes such as accretion/breakup, deposition/sublimation and precipitation in all seasons (Rauber et al. 2000). Understanding and effectively representing ice microphysics are required in developing accurate and efficient parameterization schemes for numerical weather prediction (NWP). Ice and snow particle size distributions (PSDs) and rain and cloud drop size distributions (DSDs) are an essential part of bulk microphysics (BMP) parameterization schemes commonly used in NWP model. Given that rain DSDs are much more frequently measured as the surface using distrometers, melting models that link up snow PSDs and rain DSDs can be very valuable for understanding ice processes, and for comparing and verification surface and elevated microphysical measurements. Although melting models (Straka 2009: Chapter 11) exist in the context of BMP parameterizations, a simple model for directly interpreting observations is generally not available. In this work, two simple melting models are developed to investigate how a snow PSD is related to a rain DSD when snowflakes are completely melted to raindrops. Using the melting models, snow PSDs are converted to rain DSDs to explore possible relations with the measured DSDs during the rain period.


Objective To analyze the characteristics of traffic accidents victims, and to provide references for health education. [Methods] Statistic analysis was made on the information about traffic accidents for recent 4 years provide by the department of traffic police in Zhuhai. [Results] The percentage of male victims with injuries or death was 2 to 3 times of that of female; those of the age groups between 16~40 years old are comparatively high, each reached more than 10%. The percentage of double-wheel motorcyclists in the victim groups of motor vehicle drivers was the highest, and that of cyclists in the victim groups of non-motor vehicle drivers was the highest. The pedestrians took more risks of death than the people by vehicles. The percentage of out-comer victims was higher than that of the local people. [Conclusion] Health education should be strengthened according to the characteristics of traffic accident victims in Zhuhai.


over a rock of uniform conductivity. Another model, with the same overburden resistivity but with a resistive layer gives rise to a faster temporal decay, with a maximum contrast occurring at typically at t=2-10s depending on the depth of the resistivity layer (HCs). The method has been verified on the relatively challenging Luva field, where our observed data have been found to carry a signature of the gas column there. This gas column has a relatively low resistivity contrast and is located at a depth of 1700 meters below the sea floor.


The present paper is dedicated to a suggestion of a new method of storing the objects into databases. This suggests a new way so that storing large objects into database does not slow down the performance of the databases at the same time, the database size also doesn't grow drastically, at the same time, the query processing becomes easier and more user friendly, that the user doesn't need to make a system call to read the desired object from file. The object is virtually stored within database only, whereas, physically it is stored somewhere separately into the file system, and only a pointer to that is actually stored into the database .


By investigating and interviewing teachers of science of high schools in Guizhou Province,we conclude that most science teachers agree on the importance of ability in students' scientific exploration but lack effective methods in appreciating the ability.Though they are unsatisfied with present way of written examination in assessing the ability,they lack effective guidance.Top priority should be given to the varied and effective ways in evaluating students' ability in scientific exploration.


GRAHAM, ELIZABETH. Greece to Glome: The Christianization of a Pagan Myth. (Under the direction of Dr. Christopher Cobb.) The purpose of this thesis is to examine the differences between the Cupid and Psyche tale found in Lucius Apuleius's The Golden Ass and C.S. Lewis's Till We Have Faces, with particular attention to how Lewis created a didactic non-allegorical mythopoeic Christian fantasy work from the original possibly allegorical pagan myth. The thesis focuses on the development of the Cupid and Psyche myth in Apuleius's work, then draws comparisons to the significant differences Lewis makes in his own novel. Lewis's basic Christian beliefs, specifically in relation to mythology, are discussed. This thesis was conceived as there is very little critical work that focuses on Till We Haves Faces and no in-depth research done comparing it to the second century story upon which it is based. GREECE TO GLOME: THE CHRISTIANIZATION OF A PAGAN MYTH


The cerebral venous sinus and venous thrombosis is a special type of ischemic cerebrovascular disease, which easily occurs in women during pregnancy and the puerperium. Despite advances in the recognition of cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis(CVST) in recent years, yet the low incidence, complex clinical manifestations, and high mortality and morbidity still puzzle us. Therefore, we should pay more attention to it because good prognosis can be got by the early intervention. This review will focus on early diagnosis and the analysis of misdiagnosis, in order to facilitate clinicians' early identification of hazard warning, so that they can make an early diagnosis, avoid misdiagnosis and get timely intervention for those patients.


Introduction. The article reveals the inconsistency of the tendency in the international media space to question the universal principles of international law on the example of the discussion on the preservation of the provision of protection against torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment and punishment of people in the context of global terrorist threats. The activity of international governmental and nongovernmental organizations in the fight against torture is analyzed. The main emphasis is placed on the peculiarities and law enforcement practice of international legal legislation in the area of prohibition of the use of torture. Problems related to the prevention and spread of torture are studied, the dynamics of the development of national legislation in some states regarding the legalization of torture is examined, an example of violation of the prohibition of torture is given, as well as the position of the European Court of Human Rights regarding the use of torture.Materials and methods. The author of the article carries out a systematic analysis, comparative and formal legal methods of international legislation against torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Scientific and general scientific methods of cognition of the specifics of international legal legislation in the field of prohibition of the use of torture and the death penalty as a capital punishment, - namely descriptive, - are applied in this article.Results. For several decades, a system of international law has been created, which has given an interpretation of the concept of "torture", has introduced a complete ban on the use of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. The prohibition of torture is absolute. Torture is prohibited by international law, the laws of most countries in the world, the UN Convention against Torture, the Geneva Conventions and other international documents. This prohibition is absolute and does not allow any exceptions, which, however, is not always the case, giving rise to national and world media outlets to intensify discussions on the admissibility of revising these norms of international law in the interests of countering terrorist threats.Discussion and Conclusion. Despite the development of legislation in the field of combating torture, there are a number of problems of compliance with this norm of international law. Among them: the problem of defining the concept of "cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment", the problem of violation of international legal acts in this area, the ethical factor in the use of torture and others. An important problem is the issue of classifying the death penalty as the highest measure of torture and punishment, discussions about which will continue for a long time. In this situation, the important priority areas of the UN and other international organizations are the fight against the use of torture, the call for the introduction of a complete ban on torture, the strengthening of guarantees of the rights of citizens to be protected from them or the right to humanitarian, economic and psychological assistance in the event of torture in relation to him, encouraging the conduct of awareness-raising activities at the civil level, explaining their unconditional legislative prohibition, immorality and inhumanity. An important task for all states is to continue work to achieve a universal and complete prohibition of torture, protect the rights of citizens and build an inclusive, multilateral and trusting dialogue between all states, members of international organizations, as well as its provision at the federal, regional and local levels with the use of information and communication media policy tools and with the participation of the entire civil society.


Aiming at the condition maintenance decision problem of multi-failure mechanism system,a degradation shift model was presented by analyzing multiple different failure mechanisms.According to the state failure process, different failure time of failure mechanism was estimated,and the failure sequence of system was calculated.Based on the degradation shift model,the maintenance strategy of multi-failure mechanism system was analyzed,and the expectation model of average maintenance costs and availability were constructed.For the constructed multi-decision variable model,a combine optimization algorithm of Nelder Mead Algorithm(NMA)and Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)was designed to solve it.The simulation data of sensor was applied to demonstrate the efficiency of the presented model and methods.


The invention discloses a pipe-shrinkage machine, the technical scheme has the main point that: the machine comprises a main shaft in which an outer mold cavity is arranged, a mold core component is arranged in the outer mold cavity, a tapered mold cavity is arranged in the mold core component, the mold core component comprises a plurality of mold core blocks that are provided with tapered circular grooves at the inner sides and can slide in the outer mold cavity in the radial direction, the tapered mold cavity is combined by the tapered circular grooves, a roller seat is sleeved outside the main shaft, a plurality of rollers are disposed between the roller seat and the main shaft annularly, a radial strip-shaped hole extending axially along the main shaft is arranged on the main shaft, an elongated top block is arranged in the radial strip-shaped hole, the top block is butted between the rollers and back sides of the mold core blocks, and the outer end of the top block can extend between two adjacent rollers so as to loosen the mold core blocks. The invention also discloses a manufacturing method and a moulding mold of a specially shaped taper pipe.


The effect of OH- concentration on the morphology of the hydroxyapatite (HA) nanorod synthesized using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method has been investigated. The growth of HA nanorods was achieved on polished titanium substrates. The electrolyte used in this study was prepared by dissolving calcium acetate (Ca (CH3COO)2H)2O), and Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4) in distilled water without any surfactant, and was maintained at 80-130°C. Two electrolytes with OH- concentration of 10-4 and 10-10 were prepared. A highly homogeneous HA nanorods deposited on the titanium substrates were obtained after 1 h in the electrolytes with higher OH- concentration of 10-4. On the other hand, a flower-shaped HA nanostructures composed of needle-like HA crystals were obtained in the electrolyte of lower OH- concentration of 10-10. The deposits were identified as HA crystal rods grown along the c axis and perpendicular to the substrate. The HA deposits were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) while detailed structural characterization was done using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns.


The Wahid administration was formed in Indonesia in October,1999,as caused the beginning of the process of democratic reform.Compared with his predecessors,great changes can be perceived in his domestic and foreign policies.This thesis conducts deep analysis of such following issues as what adjustments he has made to the policy toward China,and to the policies toward Indonesians of Chinese origin,how such policies have proceeded and executed,and what the future tendency would be.


A limitation for quantifying photosynthesis with existing equipment is that they were designed to measure of plant parts, such as one leaf or group of few leaves, which has a great variability over the whole plant. As a consequence, it is difficult to integrate accurately the measurements taken on plant parts in order to assess the process over the entire plant. The objectives of this work were to show in detail a chamber built to measure whole plant photosynthesis and present measurements taken with this apparatus on coffee plants under field conditions. The chamber makes possible to obtain reliable measurements of CO 2 assimilation rates over canopies of different LAI and levels of light exposure. The plant with LAI equal to 1.84 had higher assimilation rates for the whole canopy, but autoshading decreased assimilation rates per leaf area unit, as compared with the plant with LAI of 0.86.


There is evidence of a significant increase in air temperature in the northern hemisphere over recent decades, with consequent changes for anemophilous pollen. In this work we present the effects of climatic change on Platanus spp. pollination in different areas of Italy and Spain, characterized by different climates. In particular, the historical series of pollen monitoring and meteorological data of two Italian stations, Perugia (1982 – 2003) and Torino (1985 – 2003), and two Spanish stations, Santiago de Compostela (1992 – 2003) and Vigo (1994 – 2003), were analysed. The changes recorded in all stations included the timing and behaviour of pollen release. However, no or minimal influence on the total pollen emission was found. Research has linked the changes in phenological events to an increase in temperature, moreover in this study temperature changes are believed to be mainly responsible for the variations recorded in the pollen season of Platanus. A previous start of pollination (−0.66; −1.21; days/year) is reported in both Italian stations where the temperatures have significantly increased and a delay of 0.2 – 0.8 days/year in Spanish stations where a different trend of temperature is recorded. Other important data is given regarding the type of discharge of pollen grains during the pollen season. Pollination curves are examined by two statistical shape parameters (kurtosis and skewness) which show that pollen release is more gradual with higher temperatures or faster under colder conditions. A regression analysis links the atmospheric pollen presence to mean air temperature.


ABSTRACT The 'FCSHlee' program proposed by ESPOL Polytechnic University's School of Social and Humanistic Sciences (FCSH, acronym in Spanish), consisted in the implementation of a reading requirement of culturally enriching book by subject. This study shares the experience of an academic literacy initiative in the Ecuadorian university, ESPOL's case. The program aimed to enhance undergraduate students' cultural level as well as oral and written communication skills. We develop a significant sample (N = 387) of the students that were part of the program and collected the data through surveys after its completion. The study describes details of the program, its scope, implementation, statistics, and conditions. Among the careers studied at the FCSH, Economics was the one that had a bigger margin of appreciation towards the program, which is a factor that could indicate that these groups of students possess reading orientation given the analytical characteristics of their study program.


The register of real estate right is the recognition and exposing of the real estate, which is significant whether for the nation or for the individuals with the real estate right. The development and perfection of the present register system of real estate right could benefit the estate industry of our country.


Twenty-nine patients with bilateral psoriasis were treated with clobetasol propionate ointment on one side of the body and fluocinolone acetonide ointment on the other in a double-blind clinical trial lasting 6 months. With one exception, after the first month of treatment, all patients responded better on the clobetasol propionate treated side. There was a tendency for any relapses to be less rapid and less severe in clobetasol propionate treated lesions. No adverse effects from either steroid were observed.


Bisimulation-based Structural Summaries of Large Graphs Shahan Khatchadourian Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Computer Science University of Toronto 2016 With an increasing number of heterogeneous entity descriptions available as large graphs that grow to millions of nodes and billions of edges, it is a challenge to understand, explore, and query these large graphs. Bisimulation-based structural summaries have often been used as a compact representation of the dataset that can improve query performance. However, current bisimulation summary construction techniques for large graphs do not scale and do not facilitate the use of summaries within existing systems. We address these challenges with three contributions. First, we describe bisimulation summary construction techniques for large graphs that leverage a novel singleton optimization which drastically reduces construction time. Second, we show how structural summaries can be used to improve query performance within existing RDF systems. Third, we give an ontology for describing structural summaries as RDF that enables their use and verification with existing RDF tools. Our work also demonstrates that the S+EPPs system, built on top of existing RDF processors, is an efficient, scalable, and flexible approach to exploring and querying large graphs using bisimulation-based structural summaries.


The utility model discloses a flow control device for a cooling pump of an ice water making machine, which comprises temperature sensors arranged at a water inlet port and a water outlet port of a condenser respectively, a programmable controller electrically connected with output ends of the temperature sensors and a frequency converter electrically connected with an output end of the programmable controller. The frequency converter is in control connection with the cooling pump, the programmable controller conducts the temperature difference calculation according to temperature signals collected by the two temperature sensors and compares with a set temperature difference value to adjust the output frequency of the frequency converter, thereby controlling the flow rate of the cooling pump by controlling the rotation speed thereof and achieving the energy-saving purpose.


The whole Swiss energy industry is in a big transformation period at the moment. The energy market is changing drastically due to several influences. Those influences lead to diverse challenges for energy providers and other companies operating in the energy market. New challenges like the market opening in 2018, emerging alternative energy sources, the upcoming nuclear exit and an emerging amount of data bring different problems for Swiss energy providers. Energy data management (EDM) is the keyword in this area to enable the management of all types of energy data. Data need to be collected, integrated, analysed and exchanged. Furthermore, new products could be established based on those data. An EDM system manages this process and became the system with the highest relevance in the market. Because of various constantly growing data types like meter data, market data and data for analysis and predictions, the data amount is growing drastically and new requirements to handle such a data amount are arising.


This paper deals with the reduction of the order of controllers. The approach suggested herein is to introduce a static feed-through between the measurement residual and the control signals, in order to render any preselected eigenvalues of the given controller unobservable. and/or uncontrollable. The resulting reduced controllers preserve the stability of the closed loop system. Such order-reducing feed-through loops are parametrized.


approved: Redacted for privacy -7 Jo-Ann Ching Leo g The virion protein patterns of 72 isolates of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of S-methionine labeled virus. This analysis led to the classification of these virus isolates into 4 or more types. Type 1 virus is characterized by a nucleocapsid protein with an approximate molecular weight of 40,500 daltons. The type 2 and 3 viruses have N proteins of 42,800 and 43,250 daltons respectively. Virus belonging to Type 2 was responsible for the recent epizootics of IHN among fish in the lower Columbia River. The California IHNV isolates were Type 3 with the exception of those isolated from fish at Coleman Hatchery on the Sacramento River. These Coleman Hatchery isolates belonged to a Type 4 virus group which are characterized by a larger G or glycoprotein of approximately 70,000 daltons. All other viruses examined have G proteins of 67,000 daltons. The Type 5 virus isolates were not sufficiently distinct to warrant classification into a separate type. These findings have been useful in determining that (1) a particular virus type is characteristic for a geographic area and will infect many different salmonid species in that area and (2) the same type isolated from parental fish is responsible for the subsequent outbreak of the disease


The Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) and the Infectious Bovine Rinotraqueitis (IBR) are two diseases of viral etiology, highly contagious, of easy transmission and of wide distribution through out the world . The reproductive loses may well be the principal consequence associated with the infection by these agents as they are two of the main diseases that affect reproduction all over the most important dairy region of Uruguay. At present, the excessive use of conventional vaccines has distorted the serological results, making the evaluation of the real incidence of these diseases difficult. Therefore, except for the areas where the vaccination is administered, the presence of antibodies shows the exposure of the animals to such viruses. Moreover, it is worth noting that in Uruguay there is no National System of Information and Monitoring of Animal Health that deals with this type of reproductive diseases that mainly affect the herds and not human health or trade. As a result, the country is facing a decline in the efficiency of the animal productive systems. In addition, as sanitary aspects have not been considered in the development of national technology packages, the impact of these problems has not been dimensioned or quantified. The aim of this study was to establish the seroprevalence for BVD and IBR in dairy cattle population of the southern region of Uruguay, by means of comparing two transversal seroepidemiologic studies, between 1998-2003.


Rod pinch diodes have shown considerable capability as high-brightness flash x-ray sources for penetrating dynamic radiography. The rod pinch diode uses a small diameter (0.4–2 mm) anode rod extended through a cathode aperture. When properly configured, the electron beam born off of the aperture edge can self-insulate and pinch onto the tip of the rod creating an intense, small x-ray source. Sandia's SABRE accelerator (2.3 MV, 40 Ω, 70 ns) has been utilized to optimize the source experimentally by maximizing the figure of merit (dose/spot diameter2) and minimizing the diode impedance droop. Many diode parameters have been examined including rod diameter, rod length, rod material, cathode aperture diameter, cathode thickness, power flow gap, vacuum quality, and severity of rod–cathode misalignment. The configuration producing the greatest figure of merit uses a 0.5 mm diameter gold rod, a 6 mm rod extension beyond the cathode aperture (diameter=8 mm), and a 10 cm power flow gap to produce up to 3.5 rad (fi...


The present invention provides a reaction cartridge, a method for amplifying and detecting nucleic acid sequences, comprising the steps of the method of: (i) providing a sample comprising at least one nucleic acid molecule, (ii ) in the first reaction chamber of the cartridge, to provide reagents for the amplification reaction, (iii) mixing the amplification reagent and the sample, one at least in the first reaction chamber (iv) the cartridge One of amplifying the nucleic acid, (v) including a probe set, respectively, the second and third reaction chambers of the cartridge, to move at least a portion of the amplification reactions, however, (a) each probe set at least consists of three probes, (b) each of said at least three probes specific for the nucleic acid sequence, (c) Serial least two probes are present have the same labels in each set, (d) each of the probes with the same label in the predetermined probe set, other probes with the same label in the probe set have different melting temperatures exceed 2 ℃ (T


INVESTIGATIONS of the changes in the maternal circulation in the third trimester of normal pregnancies (Thomson et al., 1938; Caton et al., 1949, 1951; Gemzell et al., 1954; Cope, 1958) have shown that during this period there is a fall in the plasma volume and blood volume related to the date of delivery. Cope (1958) postulated that these changes were due to a partial closure of the arterio-venous shunt in the placental bed before the onset of labour. At the same time, there is a rise in the peripheral packed cell volume and as this was related to the date of delivery, it seemed possible that the increase might be used to predict the date of delivery. Studies on clinic patients by Kerr and Davidson (1958) and others, have shown that if iron was not given as a dietary supplement in late pregnancy, the foetal requirements were only provided at the expense of the mother, who consequently developed anaemia. The extent of this anaemia would, of course, depend upon the normal average iron intake in the mother's diet. There are therefore two factors in late pregnancy acting antagonistically on the peripheral blood picture, the changes at the arterio-venous shunt and the foetal demand for iron. This study of the peripheral packed cell volume pattern in late pregnancy was undertaken to determine, first if a sudden increase in the peripheral haematocrit occurred which might be used to predict the date of delivery and secondly to see if iron supplements were necessary in all patients in late pregnancy. SELECTION OF CASES


Composites material with polymeric matrix and fiberglass, because of their physical and mechanical properties, bring up special problems at the remaking by splinting. In this current article is present a comparative study of results obtained in determining the drilling torque regression at drilling. Determinations were done on three types of composites polymeric matrix with different concentrations of fiber glass.


Originally the subject of Identity was a domain of sociology and social psychology. Since the basic contributions of H. E. Erikson in the 1950s, it has also involved psychoanalysts and become an approach for understanding the emergence and function of a "social" self. With Jacobson, Mahler and modern infant research it was absorbed by the concept of the Self and became a component of self-psychology without being regarded as an area of its own. Not until the last decade of the 20th century did an increasing interest in identity re-emerge among psychoanalysts. It was based on the rapid social change of the western world and culture, which caused what social human sciences conceptualised as a collective identity crisis. The question how the changed environmental conditions affect the psychic constitution and whether or how identity changes under the influence of the conditions of the modern world tends to become more and more pressing today. It turns out that Erikson's idea of a gradual development, which, after the individual has gone through the "normative" identity crisis during adolescence, leads to a relatively long lasting identity state, can hardly be maintained in our time. Instead, another aspect, which was already contained in Erikson's developmental model, became predominant – the idea of a long-lasting identity process. According to current ideas the identity process does not come to an end after the individual has passed through the normative identity and developmental crises, particularly during adolescence and young adulthood. Facing permanently changing role offers and interaction possibilities, today's individual is in a continuous developmental crisis. The identity process therefore lasts all life long and comes to end only with the end of our life. In the present discussion identity proves increasingly to be a construct, which has to be considered from two sides. Actually, there are two dimensions coming into focus: content and function. In regard to content, identity contains the sum of identifications with patterns adopted from of emotionally important others and according to Erikson convey the sense of continuity and i ividuality. We can only attain that sense when we match the ourself-concept in the eyes of others. The sense of identity arises from adapting to roles. It implies latent tension between role xpectations by others and the self-concept. One must assume today that the variety and multiplicity of roles induces an unlimited potential space in which "modern" identity occurs. One can no longer imagine identity as being related to one or a few concepts from outside (Others) or inside (Self), but rather as a condensation of partial identities, a network in which the Self is looking for its place in conformity with its actual need of identity, which depends on the context. The second dimension thereby gets increasing importance: Identity as a function. This function is the conjunction of different, partly disparate identities into a continuous sense of identity. It requires consciousness of the past in the present. This function is realized by what one may call the "identity principle", which serves the aim of maintaining a feeling of continuity and accordance with oneself. It is based on integrative ego functions, which serve to resolve tensions between the inside and the outside, between the past and the present and between partial self-aspects and social role offers. It has to do with the balance between drives and social roles and expectations. Today's discourse on Identity is also devoted to the development of identity particularly in early i teractions. They correspond with the developmental research and make use of its results. Thus, concepts like the success of very early intersubjective exchange processes move into the centre of the theory formation, like mirroring, reflexive functioning or basic fitting together in the primary care relationship. The crucial question arising in this discussion, is whether and how the feeling of being unique and separable from others


Federation became clear to me for the first time recently - at least fifteen years after I served on the Celebration of Federation Committee chaired by Joan Kirner. That was the first time I had been able to witness this deft politician in action, and I learned a lot. But for all the tactics and intrigue, the great conversations and the miraculous process of gaining some kind of accord among so many different views, I didn't really feel federation in the blood. Prior to my Epiphany-on-Murray, the best measure of understanding had been the matter of a national defence force. Had we not federated, we would not have been able to send troops to World War I. Had that not happened, there would have been no slaughter and sacrifice, and subsequently perhaps fewer anomalies in the evolution of our day of choice for sounding pride, nationalism and identity.


The purpose of this article is to review methods for automating the classification of text documents and describe the features of solving this problem using Oracle tools (in particular, Oracle Data Mining and Oracle Text).


Electric furnaces, such as graphite or carborandum furnaces, are usually manufactured I 'n the shape and size, decided empirically, which are widely di任erentamong those of several makers, as it is found under a minuter study. Here, a suitable shape of the furnace was sought from the point of view of the minimum heat loss and then the method for improving power factor in that shape, that is, the arrangement of conductors In such a way as reducing inductance, was surveyed. The results are as fol'ows : 1. When an electric furnace is shaped long in the direction of electric current, under the same capacity, the ar伺 ofvertical section to the current is decreased and the resistance of the furnace is raised generally, so that it can be operated under higher voltage and lower current. 1n this case, the heat los from the terminal can be reduced but the surface area of the furnace wall, namely, the heat radiation area is enlarged, thus incr回 sesheat loss. Accordingly, the most suitable shape can be decided in view of these two points. CaJculations indicate that the best shape is that in which the heat los5 from the furnace wall becomes twice as much as that from the terminal 2. The inductance of the above furnace can be minimized by arranging several conductors at intervals of adequate length which are placed, to transmit electricity, at one side or both sides of the side walJ. 3. At further study of (2) above, in the case of three conductors placed in one side, the effect of inductance decrease by the middJe one is smal within the range of interval length, possibJe to be handled practically, and on the contrary, the inductance is sometimes increased. 1t follows therefore that the number of conductors must be considered as wel' as their interval length. (Received October 30, 1959) • Tokyo Engineering Department. Shi .n Nippon Chisso Hiryo K.K. 3-2 Marunouchi 2-chome, Chiyodaku. Tokyo The original written in Japanese can be seen in J. Eleclrochem. Soc. Japan 28. 465 (1960).


The invention relates to a method for routing information by means of a transmitting and receiving device located in a first vehicle comprising the steps of: - determining a hold state of the first vehicle - determining a position of the first vehicle - receiving information of a first transmitter of a vehicle and / or an infrastructure unit - forwarding the information from the first transmitter means of the transmitting and receiving device in a second vehicle when the position of the first vehicle is within a predetermined range to a receiver. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for performing the method.


Abstract Spectral measurements of fresh and dehydrated Douglas-fir foliage, from trees cultivated under three fertilization treatments, were acquired with a laboratory spectrophotometer. The slope (first-derivative) of the fresh- and dry-leaf absorbance spectra at locations near known protein absorption features was strongly correlated with total nitrogen (TN) concentration of the foliage samples. A particularly strong correlation was observed between the first-derivative spectra in the 2150-2170 nm region and TN, reaching a local maximum in the fresh-leaf spectra of — 0-84 at 2160 nm. Stepwise regression was used to generate calibration equations relating first-derivative spectra from fresh, dry/ intact, and dr/ ground samples to TN concentration. Standard errors of calibration were 1.52 mgg−1 (fresh) 1-33 mgg−1(dry/ intact) and 1-20 mgg− 1(dry/ mground), with a goodness-of-fit of 0-94 and greater. Cross-validation was performed with the fresh-leaf dataset to examine the predictive capability of the regr...


Test power, volume, and time are the major test cost parameters that must be minimized while achieving the desired level of fault coverage. Unlike prior research in delay fault testing that has focused on at most two test cost parameters, the hybrid (LOS+LOC) scheme proposed here simultaneously considers all three cost parameters and achieves better fault coverage than prior schemes, as demonstrated by experimental results. A factor of (n/logn) reduction in test power is achieved by the use of a nonlinear double-tree-scan (DTS) structure instead of linear scan chain of length n. Concomitantly, by exploiting the permutation feature of DTS, whereby the same test data can be loaded in multiple ways, we also achieve substantial reductions in the test-data volume. By incorporating the Illinois scan (ILS) within this framework, we minimize not only the test time but also achieve further reductions in test-data volume.


Photometric properties of deep Tautenburg Schmidt plates in the UBV system over the whole field and over a wide range of stellar magnitudes are discussed. Different reduction models based on the calibration curve alone and with additional terms containing colour and plate coordinates are considered.

With the filter-emulsion combinations used the Johnson UBV system can be reproduced quite well by the Tautenburg telescope. The accuracy of photometric data can be improved if geometrical terms are taken into account. For deep plates with a significant effect of background nebulosity a supplementary term is to be included in the reduction model. The polynomial coefficients vary in dependence on spectral bands and individual properties of each plate.


A frequent survey was conducted in order to study the fungal disease of teak of natural forest, plantation and nursery of Jalgaon. About five severe fungal diseases of nursery of social forestry department, plantation and natural forest of Jalgaon were studied. Five pathogens were identified with the help of available literature and confirmed by experts. Pathogens were Uncinula tectonae, Olivea tectonae , Rhizoctonia solani . Armillaria mellae and Phellinus sp. The control measure for the diseases were suggested.


The article presents a case report of a patients with acute stroke in vertebrobasilar artery system. Arterioarterial embolism from pathological kinking left internal carotid artery underlay in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain lesion. The aspect of pathological kinking of extracranial parts of cerebral arteries as the source of cerebrovascular insufficiency is discussed. Surgical treatment is proved to be the basic management and prevention option for pathological cerebral arteries kinking.


As the times are changing and the developing countries are more and more actively participating in world affairs, the so-called issue of"human rights of the third generation"such as the right for development and the right to enjoy a good en- vironment has emerged in response to the proper time and conditions.These human rights highlight the position of the collective human rights and render the viewpoint well known that human rights,which form an entity,cannot be separated from each other. The most important thing is that all developments beth at the national and international levels should put humans above everything else and that they must be sustainable ones.The concept of sustainable development considerably well embodies the unity of the development right and the right for environmental improvement,but there is still a long way to go in the process of fulfilling hu- man rights in the real sense of the concept and in terms of actual effects.


Abstract : The Surface Drifter Project was carried on from 1975 through 1978, during which time 15,684 drifters were launched in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. The launches were usually made in batches of 20 or 25 drifters and were deployed at 748 distinct locations on 35 cruises. As of 1 January 1979 there had been 2,127 drifters found and the locations reported indicating a return of 14%.


Fluxes and energy distributions of trapped electrons and fluxes of trapped protons have been measured at the lower edge of the inner radiation belt following two different energy selective redistributions of electrons at 1.34 Me v and at 0.74 Mev. Each of the two groups of electrons decayed at a rate that was in agreement with atmospheric scattering calculations. Thus it is concluded that at the time of the observations in October–November 1963, scattering by atmospheric collisions was the dominant over-all loss mechanism for electrons trapped on magnetic shells with 1.145 ≲ L ≲ 1.160. All electrons on a given L shell with 0 ≲ hmin ≲ 350 km decayed at approximately the same rate, consistent with theoretical calculation. The unexpectedly large fluxes of electrons for 0 ≲ hmin ≲ 150 km and for 1.145 ≲ L ≲ 1.160 indicate a rather steady injection of electrons at high B values by processes in addition to small-angle atmospheric scattering. The time behavior and the energy spectrum variations suggest that these electrons originated from a pitch-angle redistribution of some of the electrons trapped at higher altitudes on the same or nearby magnetic field lines. The integral fluxes of protons above ∼70 Mev trapped on magnetic field lines with 1.145 ≲ L ≲ 1.160 were steady during this same time period. For 200 km ≲ hmin ≲ 350 km, the measured proton spatial distribution is consistent with that calculated using a source that is uniform in time and space (in this region) and a loss mechanism consisting of atmospheric ionization and excitation. For hmin ≲ 200 km the fluxes of trapped protons did not fall off with decreasing hmin as rapidly as predicted.


Rally Ctub M emb ers Cher eh ex la Fern me What was at first taken to be un official Rally club meeting on the north side of the field Saturday, turned out to be an extemporaneous attempt on ths part of the boys in the Rally club to make the little French yell leader (yea, the last one on the right) feel at home. Just giving the lil' girl a hand. With firm intentions of further cementing the friendly relations between the schools, three members reluctantly tore themselves away from the rooting section and hurried over to the L. S. U. side on this high-minded mission. As reports kept trickling back, more and more of the boys drifted over. It is reported that at one time, if any motion had come before the house, that there would have been a sufficient majority to have passed it. also be on hand to see that everyone has a good time. gathering will hold a huge pep meet-j October 15 ing immediately in the lobby of the' Jefferson hotel, just across the street from the railroad station. The hotel is the headquarters for the Owl football team and many Rice alumni who will be there as luncheon guests u f Dallas alumni before the game. Officials have announced that tickets will be sold to blanket tax holders for $1.10. For all others the price will be $2.75. This admission includes the federal tax and also entrance to the Dallas fair. Wiley George, head yell leader, announced that a fleet of taxis and cars will be on hand to take the Rice delegation to the football stadium. On the train the band will sell sandwiches , candies, and cold drinks. The profits from this concession will be used to buy equipment-for the band. Autry house. Junnita Luck as Mrs Page, the sloppy, lazy middle-aged woman who is resting in a little out-of-the-way English village, gave an excellent performance. It was necessary lo show in the role, by facial and vocal expression , that this indolent, peaceful woman was in reality the famous Kng-lish actress, Beatrice Page, whom we do not see as her real self until the last few minutes of the play. Miss Luck shows great possibilities and should be seen in a larger rob iat.'r. The boyish enthusiasm, and subsequent depression and rise to joyfuliviss again of the young Englishman was …


The present invention is to provide an improved the uniformity of a pattern shape in which a pattern forming method improves the productivity, a manufacturing method of a color filter, a method of producing a color filter, an electro-optical device and an electro-optical device. Before forming the colored layer (38R), a colored layer forming region 36 to form a concave-convex surface 32, on an uneven surface 32 of the reflection area (Rr), to form the product of the reflection layer solution mixture uneven surface ( a reflective layer (37) having a shape corresponding to the concave-convex shape of 32) was formed. Then, the reflective layer 37 and the transmission region (Rt) an uneven surface (32) over the colored layer a solution of the minute (微小) a liquid drop is discharged, the coloring layer formation region 36 extended wet colored layer a solution of liquid which the whole of the to form small, and to form a colored layer (38R) of a uniform shape. Pattern, the colored layers, irregularities, the droplet, the reflective layer


Taking thrips as experimental materials,with method of the yellow and blue sticky coloured cards trapping thrips.The trapping effect of that against thrips in a day while 8:00,10:00,12:00,14:00,16:00,18:00,20:00and at suspension height while 20 cm,0cm,-20 cm,-40 cm,-60 cm were studied.The results showed that at different suspension time,yellow and blue cards had the best trapping effect at 16:00against thrips.In the trapping proportion analysis,the blue card had trapped thrips more than yellow card,and illustrated that the taxis of thrips to blue card had been higher than yellow card.The results of different suspension heights showed that,trapping thrips effect of yellow and blue cards had been best at 20 cm of suspension height,and that had been lower with the farther down,which may be related to the feeding habits of thrips.In production,that scientifically select sticky card type and suspension height could control the population of thrips adults,and provide scientific basis for non chemical control of thrips.Suspensing sticky card could effectively reduce the density of larva to obtain control effect against thrips,while greenhouse thrips occurre early.


Bred vectors (BVs) are a computationally efficient method used to generate flow-adapted initial conditions for ensemble forecasting that project onto unstable growing modes. Such ensembles, however, often lack diversity and may collapse to a low-dimensional subspace. We introduce two stochastic methods, tailored for multi-scale systems, to increase the diversity of these BV ensembles that still feature the original method's simplicity and low computational cost. We describe how to create stochastically perturbed bred vectors (SPBVs), which constitute an effective sampling of the invariant measure of the fast dynamics in regions of phase space which are likely to grow. It is shown that SPBVs lead to improved forecast skill over BVs as measured by RMS error, as well as more reliable ensembles as quantified by the error-spread relationship and Talagrand histograms. The approach is dynamically informed and aligns with the unstable subspace as characterised by the covariant Lyapunov vectors, thereby retaining original local dynamical information about the system. We also develop random draw bred vectors (RDBVs), which are overdispersive and not dynamically informed but provide improved forecast skill over the SPBVs. We additionally extend the stochastic method approach to systems without any scale separation. Here, it is shown that the SPBVs are still dynamically informed and generate reliable ensembles provided that they do not destroy the spatial correlations of the perturbation. We illustrate the advantage of SPBVs and RDBVs over BVs in numerical simulations of the single-scale and multi-scale Lorenz-96 model.


This paper presents a single-phase power conversion system (PCS) consisting of photovoltaic part, battery storage part and inverter part. The topology contains a full-bridge LLC converter and a bidirectional buck-boost for storage interface, a boost converter for PV interface and a HERIC inverter for grid interface. This article innovatively designs three modes to handle different kinds of operating state. Mode1 and Mode3 corresponds to the off-grid state while Mode2 corresponds to the on-grid state. The droop control method in the storage interface, a double closed loop control method in the invertor interface and a voltage loop control method in the PV interface are adopted in this system respectively. Multi-mode energy management has significant advantages in high efficiency and reliability. An experimental prototype of this system is built to verify the feasibility of the system structure and mode switching strategy.


Disclosed is a steam-water separator, which comprises a tank body, wherein a gas inlet is arranged at the middle portion of the tank body, a gas outlet is arranged at the upper portion of the tank body, a bypass port is arranged on the lateral side of the tank body, an inner tube which is connected with the gas inlet and extends into the tank body is provided with a 45-degree elbow, and a porous baffle plate is arranged above the gas inlet. Because the elbow facing the inner wall of the tank body is arranged in the tank body, steam entering the tank body rebounds after striking the inner cavity wall, steam flow eddies and is blocked by the porous baffle plate, water drops heavier than gas in the steam strike the inner wall of the tank body and the baffle plate and are absorbed on the inner wall of the tank body and the baffle plate, and then the water drops slowly flow to the bottom of the tank wall and are discharged along a water outlet, and finally, gas is exhausted from the gas outlet to enter the next process to be used. The utility model increases steam-water separating effect, guaranteeing dryness of gas, and prolonging service life of subsequent equipment.


Human intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) proliferate minimally in response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), but produce as much interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) as do peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The addition of sheep erythrocytes during activation of IEL with PHA markedly augments both T cell functions. This study evaluates the ability of IEL to produce interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and to develop suppressor and cytotoxic activities when stimulated with mitogens in the presence or absence of sheep erythrocytes. PHA‐activated IEL produced as much IFN‐γ as did PHA‐activated peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes. IEL activated by concanavalin A (Con A) demonstrated less suppressor activity directed against T cell proliferation than did Con A‐activated peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes. IEL generated less mitogen‐induced cellular cytotoxicity and lymphokine‐activated killer cell activity than did peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes. The addition of sheep erythrocyte lysates during mitogen stimulation of IEL markedly enhanced their proliferation and lymphokine production but did not affect their suppressor or cytotoxic activities.


A new divalent Mg complex, hexaaquamagnesium(II) bis(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate) ([Mg(H2O)6](C6H4NO3)2) (1), was synthesized by reacting Mg(NO3)2.6H2O with 6-hydroxypyridine-3-carboxylic acid (6-hpca) in the presence of aminoguanidine bicarbonate. Here, 1 was studied by elemental,...


: As for the running tunnel section between Wuyuanwan satation-Liuwudian station of Xiamen metro line 3, the construction method of "dismantling shield in the subsea first, and continually excavating the rest of section by the drilling-blasting method" is adopted. It is required to overcome such technical difficulties as shield dismantling in a confined space, long-distance single-line transportation, long-distance blind ventilation, protection of formed segments, waterproofing of joint structures, etc. The paper systematically expounds the transfer technology of various construction methods in Wuyuanwan station-Liuwudian station section and mainly introduces the solutions to the above construction difficulties. It has been proved in practice that this technology can greatly improve the construction progress under the premise of guaranteeing construction safety and structural function completeness, having reference significance for the subsea tunnel constructed by multiple combined method.


The early modern Mediterranean was a space of expansive linguistic mixing, and multilingual discourse was a common response to the exigencies of communication within this context. There is a growing body of scholarship on male multilingualism; however, women have been largely overlooked. This article argues that far from marginalized outsiders, as they were often depicted, women were active participants in the Mediterranean linguistic ecology. They developed communication strategies and techniques to navigate language difference in trade, travel, work, diplomatic, and domestic settings. The numerous and varied spaces that they occupied were not barriers but doorways to their participation in the multilingual Mediterranean.


Using the analysis of residual deviance, the separability of input in the Quebec dairy industry between 1990 and 1998 is examined. A nonparametric production regression function based on the theory of generalized additive models is estimated by using the spline smoothing approach. Results support that all additive inputs are separable.


An anharmonically coupled local mode model for a tetrahedral molecule is constructed with new higher-order coupling terms, and applied to the vibrational spectrum of silane by properly chosen parameters. Our results are better than those of other models.


The configuration of security functions in computer networks is still typically performed manually, which likely leads to security breaches and long re-configuration times. This problem is exacerbated for modern networks based on network virtualization, because their complexity and dynamics make a correct manual configuration practically unfeasible. This article focuses on packet filters, i.e., the most common firewall technology used in computer networks, and it proposes a new methodology to automatically define the allocation scheme and configuration of packet filters in the logical topology of a virtual network. The proposed method is based on solving a carefully designed partial weighted Maximum Satisfiability Modulo Theories problem by means of a state-of-the-art solver. This approach formally guarantees the correctness of the solution, i.e., that all security requirements are satisfied, and it minimizes the number of needed firewalls and firewall rules. This methodology is extensively evaluated using different metrics and tests on both synthetic and real use cases, and compared to the state-of-the-art solutions, showing its superiority.


Classical Yucatec Maya has two different sets of inflection: unmarked and marked verb forms. When a nondirect argument—an adverbially functioning word or phrase—is fronted to a preverbal position, the verb appears in a marked form. The marked verb forms in question show split ergative morphology, which is controlled by both aspect and person. Since adverbially functioning words and phrases are the same in form as nonadverbial adjectives, nouns, past participles etc., I argue that adverbial function is marked on the verb. Unlike other Mayan languages, which have invariant verbal suffixes for fronted nondirect arguments, Classical Yucatec employs a complete set of aspectual markers to signal the adverbial function of a fronted constituent. I propose that the strategy of marking adverbial function on the verb is available to Classical Yucatec because it is a head‐marking language, where markers tend to appear on heads rather than dependents.