This paper elaborated the logic connecttion of several concepts such as ecological security,ecological health,ecological service and ecological risk,pointed that ecological security was on the key position among them.Ecological security problem of a city could be researched in longitudinal or transverse way.As a try,this paper studied the problem in the longitudinal mode.Taking the city of Jinan as an example,the ecological security assessment indicators system was built on PSR(Pressure-State-Response) model which was improved.Index weights of ecological security assessment indicators were determined by comprehensive mathematical model based on AHP and entropy method.The ecological security situations and trends at the time scale(2000-2005) were analyzed with the composite index of Jinan ecological security assessment.The results expressed that the composite index of the city was increasing steadily since 2000,but with a small acceleration.On the foundation of study the forecast of ecological security was done with the temporal series analysis.Finally,suggestions on the management of ecological security in Jinan were put forward.


Abstract This article explores the contribution of Wole Soyinka's early dramatic plays to the oral and performed genre of guerilla theatre. The article analyses the idea, form and function of Soyinka's revues contained in three texts: My Father's Burden, The Night of the Hunted/ The House of Banigeji and Before the Blackout (thirteen sketches). It is argued that in order to understand Soyinka's later dramatic works, readers must pay attention to his involvement in street theatre in the 1960s as this was the seedbed for his better known plays. Common theatrical features in the sketches include a small cast, a relatively bare stage, action presented through music, dance and mime, and various types of flashback. These works comment critically on the political state, human dignity, freedom and liberty. More importantly, revues are performed and not necessarily meant to be read. This is what gives them the dynamism of oral literature.


In recent years,the students′ injury accidents happen frequently in the physical education.Using the law to save the dispute is a most important way.The authors made a deep analysis into the legal sphere,legal liability and absolution conditions applied in Campus physical education activities on the basis of law and facts.Meanwhile,a specific analysis is made of responsibility of the school and college teachers in such cases,and suggestions are given to prevent injury accidents in physical education classes of colleges.


This
paper
is
the
outcome
of
three
weeks
of
research
on
Left
politics
in
 Northern
Ireland.
Taking
the
2011
Assembly
Elections
as
my
focal
point,
I
 conducted
a
number
of
interviews
with
candidates
and
supporters,
attended
 meetings
and
rallies,
and
participated
in
neighborhood
canvasses.
These
 experiences
led
me
to
two
contrasting
conclusions:
in
many
ways
the
Left
in
 Northern
Ireland
appears
disconnected
from
contemporary
political
scene;
and
the
 Left
has
an
important
critique
to
offer
the
region
regarding
Sectarianism,
the
 economic
collapse
and
post‐Good
Friday
Accords
politics.
Finally,
by
discussing
 changes
to
the
Lefts
theories,
organizations
and
environment,
I
attempt
to
 reexamine
the
Left
and
illustrate
how
they
might
overcome
this
disconnect
and
gain
 support
for
their
proposals.
These
transformations
have
only
just
begun,
as
they
 take
shape,
the
Left
attempts
to
realize
their
platforms
will
become
more
important,
 more
dynamic,
and
more
critical
to
research.


The Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) is one of the problems of combinatorial optimization belonging to the NP-hard problems' class and has a wide application in the placement of facilities. Thus far, many efforts have been made to solve this problem and countless algorithms have been developed to achieve the optimal solutions; one of which is the Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm. This paper aims at finding a suitable layout for the facilities of an industrial workshop by using a Developed Simulated Annealing (DSA) method.


Over the past two decades a large variety of electronically and optically addressed devices for impressing information onto one- and two- dimensional optical wavefronts have been proposed.1−16 These spatial light modulators (SLM's) were initially developed for such applications as: 1−5projection and flat-screen display, page composers, laser printing, optical memory, incoherent-to-coherent conversion (e.g., for matched filtering and spectrum analysis), optical wavelength conversion, time-to-space conversion for optical signal processsing, and a reusable substitute for film (e.g., for Fourier-plane convolution /correlation filters, real-time holography, and synthetic aperture radar systems). Limited success in those applications has spurred proposals to employ SLM's in such more advanced contexts as: arithmetic operations (×, +, −, /) between image fields, nonlinear intensity processing (e.g., log, √, thresholding, inversion, A/D conversion), 2-D integrating detection, image-field light-level amplification and regeneration, white light/color image processing, optical feature extraction and pattern recognition (non matched-filtering approaches), edge detection, solution of partial differential equations, Boolean logic (AND, OR, NOR, XOR, etc), high-resolution adaptive optics, optical matrix algebraic computing, associative parallel processing, and optical interconnect. With continued SLM development, powerful general parallel optical computers and information processors can be seen on the horizon, probably targeted toward applications from such areas as robot vision and artificial intelligence.


The survey analytical study on consumer satisfaction towards Coca Cola. The research paper briefly explains Customers regularly consume a variety of products and soft drink is one of them. This paper explores the factors which play a crucial role in customer awareness, purchasing, consumption, disposal of products and also in customer satisfaction. The objective of the project is to know the consumers satisfaction for Coca Cola Drink, to study the Market Potential of   Coca Cola. The data collection used is based on secondary data and the questionnaire is closed ended. As we know the youngsters are consuming soft drinks more. In the study we have took the demographic region like age, family type, gender, employment status, and also the monthly income. So the research paper is all about the customer satisfaction towards Coca Cola and it is been briefly explained given below. The survey analytical study on consumer satisfaction towards Coca Cola. The research paper briefly explains Customers regularly consume a variety of products and soft drink is one of them. This paper explores the factors which play a crucial role in customer awareness, purchasing, consumption, disposal of products and also in customer satisfaction. The objective of the project is to know the consumers satisfaction for Coca Cola Drink, to study the Market Potential of Coca Cola . The data collection used is based on secondary data and the questionnaire is closed ended. As we know the youngsters are consuming soft drinks more. In the study we have took the demographic region like age, family type, gender, employment status, and also the monthly income. So the research paper is all about the customer satisfaction towards Coca Cola and it is been briefly explained given below.


The strategie objectives of the Four Modernization and the Moderate Prosperity were put forward by Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping respectively in the light of China's social and economie conditions in the 20th century. Deng Xiaoping's thoughts were based on the actual conditions of China's opening to the outside world and Zhou Enlai's correct ideas. Therefore, his thoughts are further development of the strategie objectives of the Four Modernization.


In 1922, in the midst of increasing infant mortality and the rampant spread of infectious disease, a small, but dedicated group of physicians founded the Canadian Pediatric Society in Toronto. Surprisingly, there was tremendous reluctance on the part of the Canadian medical establishment, comprised chiefly of academics and internists, in recognizing pediatrics as a distinct medical specialty. However, the early pediatricians were steadfast in their belief that the needs of a child were diverse, that children were susceptible to a different category of diseases and they required a continuum of care from infancy through to adolescence. They believed that only those trained to recognize these issues were qualified to nurture the growth and development of Canadian children. Dr. Lyon Pearlman, a pioneering Ottawa area pediatrician from 1938-1989, is an excellent example of an early practitioner who initiated changes at both the local and national level and helped to establish pediatrics as a specialty that integrates clinical, psychological and social issues in the management of illness. This paper will highlight some of his major contributions and place them within the context of the emergence of modern pediatrics.


Scattering by enhanced fluctuations from the electromagnetic proton cyclotron instability imposes an upper bound on the proton temperature anisotropy of the form T⟂p/T∥p −1 = Sp/β∥pαp. Here β∥p is the proton β based on T∥p and the directional subscripts indicate directions perpendicular and parallel to the background magnetic field. This paper describes the analysis of the proton temperature anisotropy in two-dimensional hybrid simulations of quasi-perpendicular shocks and their associated magnetosheaths. Three simulations are considered: at low, intermediate, and high upstream Mach numbers. Considering results from well downstream of all three shocks as one data set, an upper bound on the proton temperature anisotropy fits the above equation with αp=0.5. This compares favorably to αp values from other simulations and from sheath observations.


This paper discusses the IT industry in Botswana in the context of five major findings of recently conducted surver. Looking at the challenges and opportunities facing the industry, the paper provides proposals on what needs to be done by all stakeholders including the government, the private sector and individual institutions to mitigate the challenges facing the industry and build on the opportunities available to enhance IT growth in Botswana.


A catalog of images whose lightness has been changed in accordance with human vision is generated. Images (S11 ~ S15) are generated so as to respectively have reference shadow lightness, reference highlight lightness, desired lightness, lightness that is visually perceived to evenly divide the lightness between the image of the reference shadow lightness and the image of the desired lightness (S11 and S13), and lightness that is visually perceived to evenly divide the lightness between the image of the desired lightness and the image of the reference highlight lightness (S13 and S12). The images (S11 ~ S15) are included in a catalog image (G0).


A new double perovskite oxide holmium copper zirconate Ho2CuZrO6 (HCZ) is prepared by a solid state reaction technique. XRD study confirms a room temperature monoclinic phase. The frequency dependence of dielectric permittivity is investigated in a frequency range 44 Hz to 1 MHz and the temperature range from 40° C to 360° C by impedance spectroscopy. A relaxation is observed in the entire temperature range as a gradual decrease in real part of complex dielectric permittivity. The frequency dependence of the tangent loss peak is found to obey an Arrhenius law with an activation energy of 0.0239 eV. The scaling behaviour of dielectric loss spectra shows that the relaxation mechanism is temperature independent in HCZ.


The utility model relates to an electric motor cooling structure, in particular to a cooling structure with double water inlets and double water outlets. The cooling structure comprises an outer water sleeve, an inner water sleeve, an upper water sealing ring, a lower water sealing ring, a cooling water passage, a first group of water inlets, a second group of water outlets and a deflection rib. The deflection rib is arranged on the inner water sleeve. The outer water sleeve is sleeved outside the inner water sleeve. The outer water sleeve together with the upper water sealing ring and the lower water sealing ring forms an electric motor casing, and the cooling water passage is formed between the outer water sleeve and the inner water sleeve. The first group of water inlets and the second group of water outlets are respectively arranged at the electric motor casings of two sides, which pass through the circle center of the inner water sleeve and perpendicular to the radial symmetrical line of a connecting line cavity, and respectively connected with the same cooling water passage. The utility model has the advantages that the two sides of the electric motor can be used; and the utility model has interchangeability and has reasonable design and simple and convenient installation.


G (r) = c 1 ( E | r | ' ' n (r ® r) | r | " * ) , where (-cn) is the area of the unit sphere in R". We set ω ' = ydr, y = y(t, r), r € R n and consider the equation (2) y where Lv is the Lie derivative and ν > 0 is a constant. Proposition 1. If y satisfies (2), then υ satisfies the Navier-Stokes equation dtv + (i>V)i> = —. grad ρ + νΔΐ>, div υ — 0. Proposition 2. If y satisfies (2), y = v+ grad ^, then ψ satisfies the equation


In this paper we give a complete description of the ordering relations in the set of catacondensed hexagonal systems, with respect to a vertex-degree-based topological index. As a consequence, extremal values of vertex-degree-based topological indices in special subsets of the set of catacondensed hexagonal systems are computed.


Summary Candidiasic folliculitis is an almost exclusive disease of intravenous brown heroin abusers. This entity is due to a systemic infection by Candida albicans. A 42 year- old man, HIV negative and intravenous drug abuser, who was referred with painful, follicular papules and pustules located on hairs regions, of the beard, scalp, thoracic and genital areas is reported. The patient had also fever, general discomfort and arthromialgias. The ophthalmologic examination demostrated bilateral, candidiasic retinitis and left acute anterior uveitis. Histopathological study showed follicular microabcess and slight inflammatory infiltrate with perifollicular arrangement and composed of lymphocytes and neutrophils. Culture of the biopsy specimen isolated Candida albicans. In the decade of the nineties the incidence of the systemic candidiasis, diminished notably, being at present an exceptional entity although still it is necessary to be aware the process.


: Presently, estimation indicators used for engineering investment calculations are unable to meet market demands. We analyze the major issues that affect traditional estimation index preparation methods, and we propose a big data-based method for compiling estimation indicators. This new method uses data mining and the C4.5 algorithm. Considering the influence of time on the estimation index, sensitivity analyses were conducted to adjust certain estimation indicators. The effectiveness of the method is verified using a practical example, which has a certain guiding effect on both theory and practice.


One of the most important components in information systems security is the Access Control policy. In order to ensure the best Access Control policy, it is mandatory to proceed to a modeling phase that respects a set of indications and criteria of a predefined model. There exists several Access Control models, each with a specific contribution. This paper exposes the results found through a SWOT analysis on the well-known models, and presents the advantages and drawbacks of each model. Then, a comparative table between these models is elaborated, in order to get an overview on the types of problems encountered in Access Control and discover the common vulnerabilities between its models. The discovering of the covert channels is among the main results of this study.


This paper deals with a notorious vexata quaestio in the domainof the Epicurean philosophy of law and justice: will the Epicurean sage break the law if he can be sure that his deed will never be detected (εἰδὼς ὅτι λήσει)? Epicurus himself remained quite cautious on this topic, as appears from his answer that "the unqualified predication is not free from difficulty." After a discussion of several traditional interpretations, which often unduly neglect the paramount importance and far-reaching implications of the εἰδὼς ὅτι λήσει-presupposition, I argue that the Epicurean sage will in the end judge each case on its own merits, using pleasure as his only criterion while taking into account the particular circumstances.


A novel probability model with bounded support is introduced. The formulation of this new probability model is based on inverting the Slashed Pareto distribution. This new distribution has the merit of being very simple and not involving any complex mathematical function in its construction. Some interesting properties like moments, skewness and kurtosis, unimodality, L-Moments, L-skewness and L-kurtosis would be explored in detail. Various Survival properties including survival function, hazard rate function and mean residual life(MRL) like have been given. For estimating the parameters contained in the new model, methods like Method of Moments (MOM) and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) have been used.


An air handling unit (AHU) is a large piece of equipment that alters the temperature and pressure of air being distributed throughout a building. They are usually located in their own part of the building, often in the penthouse or basement. Heating ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC) systems consumes nearly 50 to 60% of the total power consumption in any building and thus, offers huge potential and challenge to reduce the energy consumption by employing various innovative systems designs. No-cost measures for reducing the energy bills. For air conditioning systems, the measures include selecting the right temperature [no overcooling or overheating], minimizing the space for air conditioning and closing of dampers / grills for areas where air conditioning is not


Objective To investigate the effects of pharmacotherapy to restore circadian rhythm of blood pressure on microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension. Methods 92 patients [58 males and 34 females, mean age(72.3?a5.2) years] were divided into two groups, dippers (n = 62) and nondippers (n = 30), according to nocturnal blood pressure reduction of less than 10%. Assigned to receive valsartan, amlodipine and indapamide by turns until normal blood pressure restored. Blood pressure was measured by ambulatory monitoring every 30 minutes for 24 consecutive hours and microalbuminuria was detected before and after 4 months of treatment in all patients. Results The nocturnal blood pressure and the microalbuminuria were significantly higher in non-dipper group than that in dipper group before treatment(P£1/40.01). But after treatment diurnal blood pressure, nocturnal blood pressure and microalbuminuria decreased significantly and no significant differences were detected between the two groups for the levels of blood pressure and microalbuminuria. Conclusion Microalbuminuria is greatly associated with essential hypertension. Microalbuminuria declines after restoring normal circadian rhythm and normal blood pressure by adjustment of medicine in both groups and this reduction is independent of the 24-hour blood pressure decrease but highly correlated with the decrease in nocturnal blood pressure.


The nucleus reuniens (NR) is an important anatomical and functional relay between the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the hippocampus (HPC). Whether the NR controls neuronal assemblies - a hallmark of information exchange between the HPC and mPFC for memory transfer/consolidation - is not known. Using simultaneous LFP and unit recordings in NR, HPC and mPFC in rats during slow oscillations under anesthesia, we identified a reliable sequential activation of NR neurons at the beginning of UP states, which preceded mPFC ones. NR sequences were spatially organized, from dorsal to ventral NR. Chemical inactivation of the NR disrupted mPFC sequences at the onset of UP states as well as HPC sequences present during sharp-wave ripples. We conclude that the NR contributes to the coordination and stabilization of mPFC and HPC neuronal sequences during slow oscillations, possibly via the early activation of its own sequences.


Internet of Things (IoT) is the concept of connecting multiple objects together in an Internet-based architecture. Applications built around this concept are constantly growing in variety and quantity. Technologies in IoT have been evolving rapidly and the alternatives also have increased quickly. As a result, it becomes challenging to conduct system and software trade-off analysis or select suitable IoT technologies for applications. The paper emphasizes variability management (consisting of alternative technologies) and aims to provide a framework as a result, which would allow or facilitate users to create their own IoT applications. In order to achieve this goal, we have adopted the idea of software product line engineering (SPLE) and created a framework with a layered architecture consisting of a Cloud Layer, a Central Hub Layer, and an End Devices Layer. The layers are loosely coupled with well-defined interfaces allowing for variability to be added at each layer. We were successfully able to create a framework which allows users to build their own applications, only being limited by the devices supported by the framework.


Report lamenting the high level of casualties on the Biafran side during the war and describing an appeal made by OXFAM.


This draft aims to analyze the role of a governmental think tank on the policy-process on institutional reforms resulting in the Lisbon Treaty. On 1st December 2009, the Lisbon Treaty entered into force. This latter has substantial impact on the European governance, largely due to central institutional changes. As outlined in the title, this draft analyzes the European governance through the Lisbon Treaty. Governance is generally defined as a co-production mode of decision-making among different types of actors. This governance will be analyzed through a specific actor willing to contribute to policy-making : the think tank, or research institute; defined as an organization generating policy-oriented research in an effort to enable policymakers to make informed decisions about public policy issues. Based on a theoretical framework on the influence of think tanks in Germany developed by Thunert, we hypothesize that strategies developed by the BEPA have a stronger visibility at the issue articulation stage; and a medium visibility at the policy formulation and policy implementation stages. This theoretical framework has been developed at a meso level. The purpose of this draft is to test it at a macro level: the EU level. The analysis of the governmental think tank will also enrich our understanding of the relationship between the BEPA and the European Commission. Do we face an instrumentalization by the European Commission of the BEPA? We might hypothesize that the European Commission uses the competencies developed by the BEPA in order to meet its own interests. Think tank could have an impact on three different stages (issue articulation, policy formulation and policy implementation). The model developed by Thunert could be transposed to the political process that led to the Lisbon Treaty; from the Laeken Declaration in 2001 to the signature of the Lisbon Treaty in 2007. On basis of a sequential analysis, working groups – were selected: the Amato group, the Convention on the Future of Europe; the Round table on "A sustainable project for tomorrow's Europe", also known as Strauss-Kahn report; and the Amato group.


The paper provides a differentiated answer to the question: Do infertile couples have a natural right to a child? The point of departure is Hans Jonas's text entitled Rights, the Law and Ethics: How do they react to the offer of the latest reproduction techniques? published in 1986 and two key documents of the Teaching Authority of the Catholic Church: Donum vitae published in 1987 and Dignitas personae published in 2008. The newest Czech and German bioethical resources as well as, for example, the relevant Czech legal norm (statute no. 373/2011 Sb.) are also taken into account and integrated. From the point of view of natural law and in the context of the stated reference texts, the question is answered negatively. In the concluding reflection the author demonstrates the strong claim, asserted by infertile couples in the current practice of assisted reproduction, has a relevant correlate in the natural rights of the child, which must be morally respected.


The problem of test node selecting in fault diagnosis is studied based on the diagnosis value measure.First,a new value measure method for test node selecting is developed,and by adopting benefit factor and penalty constant,the impact of diagnosis profit and measure cost upon test node selecting is studied.Finally,the test node selecting results of a typical fault diagnosis system show that the method is more effective than original method and more fits the reality.


The special recidivist shoul d n ot include the recidivist of drug crime in the Criminal Law of China in 1997 The dangerousness of person should be one o f important conditions constituting a re cidivist,but we should not adopt the amb iguity legislative pattern taken by thes e countries in which actor center theory is adopted We must generalize a conclus ion from the phenomena which show no or little dangerousness of person in crimin al law The latter-crime of minor crime a nd discontinuance of crime,the excessive perpetrator of act of removing social e ndangerment,the crime caused by place ri ghteousness above family loyalty,the cri me of criminal who not only voluntarily surrenders after committing the crime bu t also performs major meritorious servic es,and anyone who is coerced to particip ate in a joint crime as well,should not be regard as recidivist


The authors investigated the uncertainties in model predictions related to phenology. Bud burst observations of the Harvard site were used to determine model parameters and their uncertainties of 12 different phenology models. These models and parameters were then used to predict the bud burst at the Harvard site in the next century for two different scenario's. In addition the BEPS model is used to investigate the influence of phenology on the uncertainty of photosynthesis and evapotranspiration fluxes.


Objectives To investigate the effectiveness of Immunotherapy treatment on chronicurticaria and eczema.Methods 275 cases of chronic urticaria and eczema with allergic test andImmunotherapy. Results Through 4-year clinical observation showed that, among the 275 cases of chronicurticaria and eczema with Immunotherap ,the clinical total effctive rate was 80.0%.Conclusion Immu-notherapy has better efficiency aiming at cause of disease in treating chronic urticaria and eczema.


A collection of heavy, decorated papers, die-cut and blind stamped for removal and folding to form a variety of glueless boxes. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.


Competence education is one of the hot topics in education domain and is supposed to be the critical way for talent training in the twenty-first century. This paper has expounded the relationship between science and humanness in competence education in engineering colleges, analyzed the ideological detuning of current college students, and explored some measures for implementing humanness education in engineering colleges.


The article researches linguistic poetics. It reflects the next stage of work on the creation of the author's dictionary describing the word usage of A. Blok in the collection Poems about a Beautiful Lady. The reader is offered a detailed description of the semantics of lexemes that make up the opposition "LIGHT-DARKNESS" in this collection. When interpreting, the author uses the method of gradual expansion of the context from the level of collocations to the level of a complete work, which allows us to determine the set of semantemes used by A. Blok for each lexeme under study, to characterize combinatorial increments of meaning, to identify cases of words used in the author's meaning. Methods of immanent analysis of poetic speech are used. The description of the semantics of words included in the lexical-semantic group "DARKNESS" is carried out for the first time. The author concludes that the symbolism of light and darkness in the collection, although based on tradition, is still idiosyncratic. Light is an attribute of a Beautiful Lady. It symbolizes the meeting with the beloved, sacred knowledge, revelation. Darkness is associated with loneliness, end of passion, death, madness. But light and darkness can be both opposed and connected to each other through the image of the mystical beloved of the lyrical hero. The attribute of a Beautiful Lady is not only light, but also twilight. But if the light marks the appearance of Eternal Femininity in the world in full force, then the twilight precedes this phenomenon.


The 2 main unresolved issues inherent in coronary stents are in-stent restenosis (ISR) and late stent thrombosis (ST). ISR is largely due to vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, and ST is attributed to a lack of re-endothelialization. This thesis describes the conceptualization and development of a biofunctionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane poly(carbonate-urea) urethane (POSS-PCU) platform, for the express purpose of circumventing ISR and ST. A bare-metal stent is embedded between 3 layers of POSS-PCU facilitating endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) capture using antibodies, in tandem with sustained drug release using stealth liposomes. The luminal area is impregnated with anti-CD34 antibodies, covalently bonded to a POSS-PCU base platform, for EPC capture to enhance re-endothelialization. Results indicated successful antibody immobilization, with an increased propensity for EPC capture compared to controls. The abluminal area is integrated with paclitaxel-encapsulated stealth liposomes, with an ultrathin layer of POSS-PCU sprayed on top using an ultrasonic atomization spray system, for sustained drug release to inhibit VSMC proliferation. Results in this aspect demonstrated sustained drug release with augmented cell kill in a 28-day in vitro cell culture. Mechanical engineering tests performed on the finished product demonstrated superior mechanical functionality as a covered stent. Various sterilization techniques and a biodegradation model were also employed to robustly assess product viability, with results indicating that EPC capture potential and stealth liposomal drug elution were preserved. Taken together, this novel POSS-PCU covered stent can enhance re-endothelialization and inhibit VSMC proliferation, thereby addressing the issues of ST and ISR respectively. Furthermore, the covering membrane could also serve as a physical barrier against atherosclerotic plaque dislodgement to prevent thromboembolism. It is therefore hoped that the proof-of-principle demonstrated here in this thesis would serve as an impetus for further translational research, with the eventual goal of taking it from bench to bedside.


It is shown that strong field approximation (SFA) can be formulated in a gauge invariant manner order by order of the expansion with no need for various partitions of the Hamiltonian in different gauges.


We study the shear and bulk viscosities of partonic and hadronic matter – as well as the electric conductivity – as functions of temperature T within the Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) off-shell transport approach. Dynamical hadronic and partonic systems in equilibrium are studied by the PHSD simulations in a finite box with periodic boundary conditions. The ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density η(T)/s(T) from PHSD shows a minimum (with a value of about 0.1) close to the critical temperature Tc, while it approaches the perturbative QCD (pQCD) limit at higher temperatures in line with lattice QCD results. For T < Tc, i.e. in the hadronic phase, the ratio η/s rises fast with decreasing temperature due to a lower interaction rate of the hadronic system and a significantly smaller number of degrees-of-freedom. The bulk viscosity ζ(T) – evaluated in the relaxation time approach – is found to strongly depend on the effects of mean fields (or potentials) in the partonic phase. We find a significant rise of the ratio ζ(T)/s(T) in the vicinity of the critical temperature Tc, when consistently including the scalar mean-field from PHSD, which is also in agreement with that from lQCD calculations. Furthermore, we present the results for the ratio (η + 3ζ/4)/s, which is found to depend non-trivially on temperature and to generally agree with the lQCD calculations as well. Within the PHSD calculations, the strong maximum of ζ(T)/η(T) close to Tc has to be attributed to mean-fields (or potential) effects that in PHSD are encoded in the temperature dependence of the quasiparticle masses, which is related to the infrared enhancement of the resummed (effective) coupling g(T). We also find that the dimensionless ratio of the electric conductivity over temperature σ0/T rises above Tc approximately linearly with T up to T = 2.5Tc, but approaches a constant above 5Tc, as expected qualitatively from perturbative QCD (pQCD).


We prepared green and red light emitting InP/ZnSeS Quantum Dots (QDs) with remarkably high quantum efficiency (up to 90%) and the narrow spectrum width (less than 40nm). These environmentally friendly QDs are very competitive for the applications of color-saturated display compared to the previously developed Cd containing QDs. Although the III-V compound semiconductor nanomaterials are known to be sensitive to oxidizing atmosphere, synthetic process for mass production was successfully established. To complement the vulnerability of QDs to oxygen and moisture, matrix polymer and barrier layer were designed in terms of stability and cost effectiveness. The processes including the preparation of QD resin and large area coating were also well established. To improve the properties of QD film, much effort has been put for better efficiency and stability. Also, it has been suggested that the various forms of displays utilizing the benefit of the QDs would be followed in near future.


The move towards very small devices such as chip scale packages and flip chip assemblies is restrained by the density limitations of the conventional PCB technology. In most imaging processes used in PCB technology, it is difficult to get the pitch below 100 mum (4 mils) pitches. It is necessary to progress from old technologies to the new ones. One of an alternative to conventional imagining is new technology of laser structuring (LS). The LS technique is technology of creating a structure in resists (tin or organic coating) by laser direct ablation. After ablating the resist, the structure is etched and the resist is striped. The conference paper includes first experimental results of direct structuring of tin and organic coating to create masks for etching process. The target is to achieve line/spaces below 125 mum


This paper describes the construction and use of porous cement concrete in urban areas. Urban porous pavements (UPPs) act to store and channel water run-off and to absorb vehicle noise and reduce its emission. Specifications have been set for UPPs concerning the structure, the porosity of the materials involved and the thickness of the porous wearing course. UPPs are known as reservoir pavements as they hold back storm water to avoid flooding the sewer. The design of porous cement pavements involves mathematical calculation, environmental function and hydraulic design. Acoustic function tested so far has been similar to that of porous asphalt but the mix design can be improved. Further research is required in testing porous concrete in heavily trafficked areas.


By LARRY FIELD and MARC GOLDSTEIN The Sansom Committee proposed Friday a compromise plan for the redevelopment of 3400 block of Walnut Si reel which would reduce the size of the proposed office building and preserve the environment of the Sansom Street block for residential use. Klliot Cook, chairman of the Committee, announced the new proposal at a press conference Friday in I.a Terrasse restaurant. The plan calls for construction of a seven-story office building on the site of the demolished 3400 block of Walnut Street, with the first two levels of the structure to be used exclusively for retail outlets. The Sansom Street


. The indicator of region economic success can be measured by economic growth, presented by value of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). Java island has the biggest GDP contribution toward the Indonesian government, but not all of the region gives equality contribution. The C4.5, CHAID, and CART methods can be used for classifying the status of the region with nonparametric approach. The C4.5 and CHAID methods are non-binary decision tree, meanwhile the CART methods is binary decision tree. The purposes of this paper are to know how the classification and to determine the factors that influence on classification of the region. The dependent variable is status of the region which is divided into four categories based on Klassen typology. The result shows factors that have the biggest contribution on classification of status of the region on Java island based on C4.5 method are economic growth rate, electricity, gas, and water sector, and area. The factors that have the biggest contribution based on CHAID method are growth rate, manufacturing sector, and electricity, gas, and water sector, while based on CART method are growth rate, manufacturing sector, and electricity,


Our long standing interest in chiral pyridine ligands, has lead us to undertake the synthesis of ligands with a stereogenic plane featuring a pyridine ring supported onto a ferrocene backbone. More recently we employed the same procedures for the synthesis of chiral ferrocenyl bipyridine and ferrocenyl pincer ligands.
The key intermediate for the synthesis of targeted ligands, 2-Amino ferrocenyl carbaldehyde was synthesized in enantiopure form in 6-step from formylferrocene. The planar chirality was submitted using the chiral ortho-directing metalation.
By Friedlander condensation with a suitable methyl ketone, 2-Amino ferrocenyl carbaldehyde was readily converted into the targeted pyridoferrocenyl ligands.
The scope of these ligands in asymmetric catalysis was explored in the Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation of 1,3-diphenyl-2-propenyl acetate with dimethyl malonate. The conversion and enantioselectivity were highly dependent on the conditions of reaction. The best ee's have been scored in chloroform at low temperature with lithium acetate as a base and thus far are not higher than 80%.


Warning labels are widely used to convey information about the safe use of products. In an attempt to design better warnings, researchers are exploring factors that influence their effectiveness. One design factor that appears promising is an interactive label that requires manipulation by the consumer using the product. In the present research, the effectiveness of two interactive warning labels (with and without a color component) were compared to a standard label in the context of a realistic product-use task. Additionally, task load was manipulated (low vs. higher). The results showed that the interactive labels were noticed, recalled and complied to more often than the standard on-product label. No effect of increasing task load and adding color to the interactive label was observed. The results indicate that the interactive label is a viable means of facilitating warning effectiveness.


(1) Background: The Systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) has been proven to be an effective biomarker of human immune and inflammatory levels and has prognostic significance for most diseases. Handgrip strength (HGS) is a simple and low-cost strength measurement method, which is not only highly correlated with overall muscle strength but also accurately and reliably predicts the risk of multiple chronic diseases and mortality; (2) Purpose: Association between HGS and the SII is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between HGS and the SII in American adults; (3) Methods: We used the data from the 2011–2012 and 2013–2014 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), involving a total of 8232 American adults (aged 18–80 years). The SII was calculated as the Platelet count × Neutrophil count/Lymphocyte count; HGS was recorded as the ratio of the sum of the highest grip-strength values of each hand to body mass index taken as the relative grip strength. A weighted generalized linear regression model and analysis of restricted cubic spline regression, adjusted for confounding factors, were used in this study to assess associations between HGS and the SII in American adults; (4) Results: There was a negative correlation between the HGS and the SII of different sexes (p < 0.05), and there was a significant negative nonlinear relationship between the HGS and the SII in males (p for nonlinear = 0.0035), and the SII showed a downward trend with the increase in the HGS in males (Q2: β = −61.03, p = 0.01; Q3: β = −61.28, p = 0.04, Q4: β = −64.36, p = 0.03, p for trend = 0.04), when the HGS exceeds 3.16, with the HGS increasing, the downward trend of increasing the SII slowed down. The nonlinear relationship between the HGS and the SII in females was not significant (p for nonlinear = 0.1011), and the SII showed a linear downward trend with the increase in the HGS (Q2: β = −24.91, p = 0.25; Q3: β = −62.01, p = 0.03, Q4: β = −74.94, p = 0.03, p for trend = 0.01); (5) Conclusions: HGS is inversely and independently associated with SII levels, and although the limited cubic spline regression analysis showed gender differences, the overall trend of the HGS and the SII in different genders was consistent, with both showing that the SII decreased with increasing the HGS. In addition, HGS has high general applicability based on its ease of measurement; it is possible to understand one's own grip-strength level through routine grip-strength tests, and to make preliminary predictions on the current level of immunity and inflammation in the body.


The meiotic effects of the insecticide 0, 0-diethyl 0-3, 5, 6-trichloro-2 pyridyl phosphorothioate "Dursban" were studied. Vicia faba plants (V. Giza I) were sprayed with aqueous saturated "Dursban" solution for different periods of time, at the seedling and flowering stages. All the treatments induced a significant percentage of abnormal pollen mother cells (PMCs/plant). The perentage of the induced abnormalities decreased from the 1st to the 2nd meiotic division, and neither tetrads nor pollen grains were affected. The most dominant type of the observed anomalies was chromosome stickiness in the different meiotic stages. Its percentage reached more than 90% of the observed abnormal PMCs in most of the conducted treatments. Disturbed meta- and anaphase II, lagging chromosomes, chromosome fragmentation, micronuclei and anaphase bridges were observed, however, in a low percentage.


Aim: Okra is a vegetable that holds a significant share in both domestic and export markets, but it is prone to desiccation and fungal spoilage, leading to a short shelf life. A laboratory study was undertaken to determine the effects of hexanal containing aqueous formulation to improve the shelf life of okra with the objective to maintain the best quality of pods for end consumer acceptance.
Study Design:  Factorial Completely Randomized Design was followed with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in laboratory conditions, Department of Vegetable Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Coimbatore during 2021-2022
Methodology: In this study, TNAU released nanoformulation– TNAU FRUITY FRESH – ENHANCED FRESHNESS FORMULATION consisting of 2% Hexanal, 10% Formulation ingredients, 88% Deionized filler. and hexanal was used at varying concentrations for imposing treatments on freshly harvested, uniform sized undamaged tender pods of bhendi hybrid COBh H4 (TNAU released hybrid) using spray and dip methods under ambient and cold storage conditions and physiological parameters were assessed.
Results: As per the investigation, 2% Enhanced Freshness Formulation using dip method in cold storage conditions slower the physiological loss in weight, preserves the L*, a*, b* value, extend the shelf life and preserved the quality for consumer acceptance during storage 9 days as compared to control.
Conclusion: The study gave the knowledge of hexanal containing aqueous formulation and their effectiveness to use as post-harvest technology tool for okra.


Summary Economic thresholds of intervention against the hop aphid, Phorodon humuli, can be expressed using different parameters. Some of these parameters are calculated using measurements which are not easy to record directly, but which can be obtained from simpler measurements. In this paper, the functions relating two simple measurements to two more complex ones were obtained from two hop plots in León, Spain, in 2002 and 2004. The function relating the area of the hop leaf (y) to its length (x) is obtained by y = 1.13 (± 0.10) x2 – 3.55 (± 1.91) x + 3.64 (± 8.25). The functions relating the number of leaves (y) in the canopy volume formed by the area (x) of the bine section of the hop plant (which normally had two strings per rootstock and three bines trained per string) as a base and a height of 20 cm, to this area (x) are y = 0.020 (± 0.002) x + 5.291 (± 2.278), at heights of 2 m and 3.25 m from ground level, and y = 0.034 (±0.004) x – 0.419 (± 4.310), at a height of 6 m above ground level.


In this paper, we present an approach for performance enhancement of an antenna for millimeter wave (mmWave) applications. From mmWave band, a 30 GHz frequency is selected for designing a patch antenna as it is suitable for the number of applications. Then the designed antenna is modified by inserting a capacitive structure i.e., inter-digital capacitor (IDC) for better impedance matching. Insertion of IDC structure results in antenna size reduction along with the increased directivity and enhancement in gain. Similarly, this technique is capable of providing extra resonance with an advantage of fine tuning, as it offers control over both resonating frequencies independently. Further, a linear antenna array is designed with the same approach for mutual coupling analysis. From the results, it has been found that this technique is also capable of providing mutual coupling mitigation. Thus insertion of IDC structure provides overall performance enhancement in mmWave antenna.


The structure of α-synuclein (α-syn) amyloid was studied by hydrogen-deuterium exchange by using a fragment separation–MS analysis. The conditions used made it possible to distinguish the exchange of unprotected and protected amide hydrogens and to define the order/disorder boundaries at close to amino acid resolution. The soluble α-syn monomer exchanges its amide hydrogens with water hydrogens at random coil rates, consistent with its natively unstructured condition. In assembled amyloid, long N-terminal and C-terminal segments remain unprotected (residues 1–≈38 and 102–140), although the N-terminal segment shows some heterogeneity. A continuous middle segment (residues ≈39–101) is strongly protected by systematically H-bonded cross-β structure. This segment is much too long to fit the amyloid ribbon width, but non-H-bonded amides expected for direction-changing loops are not apparent. These results and other known constraints specify that α-syn amyloid adopts a chain fold like that suggested before for amyloid-β [Petkova et al. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA 99, 16742–16747] but with a short, H-bonded interlamina turn. More generally, we suggest that the prevalence of accidental amyloid formation derives mainly from the exceptional ability of the main chain in a structurally relaxed β-conformation to adapt to and energy-minimize side-chain mismatching. Seeding specificity, strain variability, and species barriers then arise because newly added parallel in-register chains must faithfully reproduce the same set of adaptations.


In this paper, we investigate factors that lead companies in China to be more likely to penalized by the government for their environmental performance. Theoretically, we unpack the mechanisms by which governmental attention is directed, and what types of environmental situations spur governmental action. We focus on two key types of environmental problems including general environmental degradation and environmental crisis potential, and the extent to which they attract governmental attention to firms' environmental performance. We also examine how firm-government relations and civil society activism shape governmental attention in light of these different types of local environmental conditions. We test our hypotheses on a unique dataset of environmental penalties given to Chinese firms between 2007 and 2011. We find that compared to general environmental degradation, firms in areas with higher environmental crisis potential are more likely to draw governmental attention. In addition, the effects of env...


Commentators have not given much attention to this remarkable use of 'oracle' in Romans. The R.S.V. has paraphrased it with 'But what is God's reply to him?'. But dAAoc TI Aeyei ocC/Tcp 6 XPTIUOCTICHOS; must be literally translated: 'But what does the oracle say to him?' We may be sure that Paul does not use the word casually. The context makes this clear. Paul is arguing that even in Elijah's day only a remnant of Israelites were obedient to God. In Romans xi. 3 he quotes Elijah's protest from I Kings xix. 10, 14 to the effect that the Israelites have killed the prophets, torn down God's altars, and that he only, a fugitive for his life, is left. Then follows the reference to the oracle. We must remember that the scene takes place in the cave on Mount Horeb. It is the 'still small voice' that is referred to as 'the oracle'. This is the only time Paul uses X P ^ ^ T I C ^ S In secular Greek the word can mean ' any public instrument or document'; it is used in this secular sense in II Maccabees xi. 17. Outside the LXX, the sense 'oracular response' is rare, though an instance does occur in a magical papyrus. In the LXX itself there are only two instances (besides that already mentioned in II Maccabees xi. 17). One comes in II Maccabees ii. 3, where xprinaTiauou yevriOevros is used of the divine guidance given to Jeremiah to hide the ark at the fall of Jerusalem in 587 B.C. The other is somewhat complicated, for it is based on a mistranslation. Proverbs xxxi. 1 runs in the R.S.V.: 'The words of Lemuel, king of Massa, which his mother taught him.' The LXX renders this: 01 euoi Aoyoi Eip-nvTcu UTTO TOO GEOO, (3CC<TIAE«S xPHl°5> ° Eiroci5£uaEV f) pf|TT|p CCUTOO. 'My words have been uttered by God, an oracle of a king, which his mother taught him.' We need not concern ourselves for the moment with the mistranslation in line one, whereby' Lemuel' supplies' my' to ' words' and also supplies ' by God'. But in the second line it is plain that Massa, which is here the name of a tribe in Northern Arabia, has been mistaken by the LXX translator for massa' 'burden, prophetic oracle'. By means of this double mistranslation, what was originally the title of a collection of proverbs has been transformed into a mysterious divine utterance. As a matter of fact there is evidence that this transformation had already taken place within Hebrew-speaking Judaism. This translation is also witnessed to in the Vulgate, which translates the Hebrew word in question with 'visio'.


Many genetically engineered mice display abnormal development of the central nervous system (CNS) and high‐frequency ultrasound (HFU) offers great potential for efficient, serial in vivo phenotyping of the developing embryonic mouse brain. However, HFU mouse‐embryo imaging remains challenging because of the orientation of the embryos and of the limited acoustic penetration depth of HFU. In this study, a 34‐MHz, five‐element annular array was excited using conventional mono‐cycle and chirp‐coded excitations. Synthetic focusing and pulse compression (for the chirp excitation) were used to form images with increased depth of field and penetration depth (for the chirp excitation). In utero, in vivo 3‐D data sets were acquired from 48 embryos over four stages from embryonic days E10.5 to E13.5, and CNS volume renderings were obtained. The chirp‐based renderings were more morphologically accurate than the mono‐cycle‐based renderings, and the chirp provided sufficient penetration depth to correctly segment the b...


Late Foucault completes his study about the phenomenon of power with the analysis of the so-called "Practices of Self" which define the moral formation of the subject. The concept of the "Practices of the Self" is related to the methods which affect the body, the soul, the thoughts and the behavior of the individuals so that they subsequently form themselves. Foucault discusses with the ancient Greek moral philosophy and describes a series of practices of living, through which the aesthetic experience of "living well" arises. In Xenophon's Oeconomicus an early ecosystem of the ancient Greek measure emerges, where starting from οικος = home the problem of the governing in relation to self and the closest others is posed. The self-control emerges as the condition for a financially self-sufficient home and by extension for a fair and happy town. The study attempts to answer the question to what extent the ecosystem of Oeconomicus can still be of use and applied in modern times which are characterized by radical individualisation and social disintegration. If, subsequently, the different socioeconomical structure of modernity in relation to the basically rural economy of antiquity renders unnecessary or not the association of these two levels. I. A methodoligal issue: Foucault's turn to subject – centred analysis of the power. We can notice in the French philosopher's Michel Foucault's work three methodoligal directions related to the study of the phenomenon of power : a) the archaeological method, b) the genealogical method and c) the subject-centred method of analysis through the connection of power with the moral questioning of self in the ancient world. The archaeological method studies the history of sciences through the way of the social structure of various phenomena so that the parts can be systematized in a context of rules, principles or values. Foucault in his work "The History of Madness" 1 studies for example the pre-history of Psychiatry and reveals that since the 18 th century and then the phenomenon of madness is defined as mental disease due to a certain structure of thought, in which madness constructs itself in terms of social exclusion. Gradually, the archaeological method comes out of the rigid field of the interpretative understanding and demands, here and now, the emergence of every speech manifestation before it can even be a known object of the political power. Foucault in his work "The Words and the Things" 2 claims that the newer forms of knowledge and science constitute a man-centred understanding of existence. The man did not even exist as a concept before or during the classical era since the thought remained captive inside the representation. Man became a problem in modernity when the language stopped existing in the limits of its representation, that is, when its representational function became a major problem. The representing subject turns into an object in order to attain a clearer idea of itself. Foucault, in his most structuralistic work of this period "Τhe Archaelogy of Knowledge 3 " studies the procedures and the rules, through which the "formations" of discourse emerged and were constituted in the science domain. Specific political, economic and constitutional "regimes of constructing truth" dominated the production of knowledge and as a result, they were rendered in controlled and disciplinary practices of the modern power from the beginning. The fundamental acceptance of the archaeogical method is clearly depicted in this work : The systems of thought and knowledge are regulated by rules beyond the ones of grammar and logic, that function beyond and beneath the individual consciousness in a specific historic time and place.The genetical error of the 1 Michel Foucault (2004), The History of Madness, Iridanos, Athens. 2 Michel Foucault (2008), The Words and the Things, An archaeology of the Sciences of Man, Gnosis, Athens. 3 Michel Foucault (1987), The Archaeology of Knowledge, Exadas, Athens. ISSN 2220-8488 (Print), 2221-0989 (Online) ©Center for Promoting Ideas, USA www.ijhssnet.com 28 archaelogical method is that it is impeded in the dialectical explanation of the causes that lead from the one way of thinking to the other. Subsequently, it does not offer a persuasive tool for the explanation of the power claims which are established in modern thought. The empirical search of the power practices is absent and, furthermore, the interpretation of speech practices in their authoritative function 4 . Foucault skips this difficulty with his turn to the genealogical method of work from the beginning of the 1970's decade. What is sought after now is the empirical analysis of the practices of power, in particular the truth claims that appear in the construction of its dominant speech. The connection of modern power with the practices of its domineering speech takes place through a constant attempt of historification of partial events without any reference to metaphysical principles and foundations. In his work, "Discipline and Punish" 5 the analysis of the disciplinary power though the punitive system shapes a positive-productive concept of power : it penetrates the social body from an extreme edge as it pervades all social practices and relationships. The first step to the understanding of the authoritative phenomenon as "power – knowledge" traversing all the thoughts, positions, activities and functions of the social body has been taken. Subsequently, Foucault worked on the concept of biopower in his work "The History of Sexuality" (volume 1 st ) 6 and on the way the modern techniques of power are used as stereotypes for the total control of the human body and through which, for the unimpeded development of the capitalistic organization of the production. The appearance of biopower characterizes historically that crucial moment for the modernity during which the subject became, body and soul, an object of calculation by the modern political systems. Until now, Foucault refuses to interpret subjectively the concept of power and he is barely interested in who exercises it and how. He only sees chain reactions against power but also in this case, this relation power-resistance is tautological and so, the resistance is not set as a substantial issue in contrast to a form of "substance" of the power but only as a capacity of the governed until the moment when they are inevitably involved in the power game. Thus, the power eliminates itself in its practices and its various abuses and compulsions. The question is if the course of social rationalization can be understood unilaterally through the genealogical method of analysis of the modern power relations or if it demands, furthermore, a necessity of emancipation and freedom which will allow the subject to seek the improved conditions of its individual and social survival.Foucault feels that id rationalization renders functionally equivalent to its power practices, then, any thought, over the construction of a moral subject insistently seeking the conditions of its emancipation, is automatically ruined. Thus, in its late work and specifically in "The History of Sexuality" (volume 2 and 3) 7 , the philosopher attempts his third and last methodological turn. Starting from classical antiquity he described those self practices that recommend the criteria of an "aesthetics of existence". The "aesthetics of existence" refers to codes of conduct of the antiquity which form a fourfold subject area of its moral reflection : a) the moral problem of pleasures, b) the dietetics of the body and the pleasures, c) the marriage bond and d) the problem of relations among boys. The new formulation of a genealogy of self-practices that will form a relation with oneself according to self-restraint, prudence and moderation on self-composure terms, dramatically changes the whole discussion so far.Foucault now focuses his attention on the subject that has to direct its course in such a way that it will free itself from its passions and endless use of pleasures. The subject which establishes a relation to oneself based on "domination obedience" becomes morally good and so an "autocratic" structure of the subject during the practical use of its pleasures is mentioned. 8 A deep, moral pluralism unfolds in Foucault's late work. The care of self presupposes the knowledge of self and the needed labour of a whole life for its attainment. The target is a subject able to govern itself relating the worse sides of itself and in continuation able to materialize the demand of the happy town in its relation to the others. The subject-centred turn of Foucault is subsequently combined with a demand of individual and collective euphoria. II. The paradigm of Xenophon's Oeconomicus : The ecosystem of ancient home as a model for the renewed interpretation of power by Foucault. 4 Tsiros Nikos (2017), Political legitimation and human rights in the work of JurgenHabermas, The turn of the modern social theory to the philosophy of law, Papazisis, Athens, pp.124-125. 5 Michel Foucault (2008), Discipline and Punish, The Birth of Prison, Kedros, Athens. 6 Michel Foucault (2011), History of Sexuality, The Will for knowledge (First Volume), Plethron, Athens. 7 Michel Foucault (2013), The History of Sexuality, The Use of Pleasure (second volume) and History of Sexuality, The Care of the Self (third volume), Plethron, Athens. 8 Michel Foucault (2013), The History of Sexuality, The Use of Pleasures (second volume), pp.90-91. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 9 • No. 3 • March 2019 doi:10.30845/ijhss.v9n3p4 29 I will present further on the way by which the "aesthetics of existence" in Foucault's work is connected with the idea of ecosystem and I will pose the question, if this idea can refer to modern ways of life. By ecosystem we mean a basic ecological unit consisting of the natural surroundings and the organisms that live in it. An ecosystem has the ability to


When 5 insecticides were applied as sprays to horses in large-cage tests, carbaryl (0.5% suspension) and malathion (0.5% emulsion) did not give control (>90% mortality) of stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.). Crotoxyphos (0.5% emulsion) gave 97% mortality of stable flies for 1 day but not for 3 days; coumaphos (0.125% suspension) gave 90% control of stable flies for 3 days; and pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide (0.1 + 1.0% emulsion) gave adequate protection from stable flies for 7 days (81% repellency on day 7). Crotoxyphos, coumaphos, and carbaryl gave satisfactory control of horn flies, Haematobia irritans (L.), for 2–3 weeks; malathion control of horn flies (90% mortality) for 7 days; pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide controlled horn flies for 10 days.


Minimizing carrier recombination at interfaces is of extreme importance in the development of high-efficiency photovoltaic devices and for bulk material characterization. Here, we investigate a temporary room temperature superacid-based passivation scheme, which provides surface recombination velocities below 1 cm/s, thus placing our passivation scheme amongst state-of-the-art dielectric films. Application of the technique to high-quality float-zone silicon allows the currently accepted intrinsic carrier lifetime limit to be reached and calls its current parameterization into doubt for 1 Ω·cm n-type wafers. The passivation also enables lifetimes up to 65 ms to be measured in high-resistivity Czochralski silicon, which, to our knowledge, is the highest ever measured in Czochralski-grown material. The passivation strategies developed in this work will help diagnose bulk lifetime degradation under solar cell processing conditions and also help quantify the electronic quality of new passivation schemes.


The notions of "financial interests"& "financial security threats" for insurance companies and its classifi-cation are characterized, the categories such as "danger" & "threat" are distinguished, the main and priority insurer's financial interests are determined.


Turkey's successful support of Azerbaijan in the November 2020 war in Nagorno-Karabakh seems to have encouraged Ankara to pursue new diplomatic and economic initiatives further east, in Central Asia. Its appears that Turkey is seeking to create markets for its exports in the region while gaining access to Central Asian oil and gas reserves. However, given the parlous state of its economy, Turkey is vulnerable to measures that China, Iran or Russia might to take to oppose these new initiatives.


The random amplified polymorphism DNA(RAPD) markers are used to study the genomic DNA polymorphism of four Erinaceus europaeus populations among four sites of Nanyang,Xinyang,Zhoukou and Puyang in Henan Province.Total 89 polymorphic DNA loci from 200 bp to 1 650 bp are amplified by 10 RAPD primers.Among those local populations,the percentage of polymorphic loci(P) is 89.89%,Nei's gene diversity(H) is 0.328 1±0.172 0,Shannon index(I) is 0.484 6±0.229 8.The results show that the genetic relationship between Xinyang and Zhoukou population is the closest,while that between Xinyang and Puyang population is the most distant.The results from this research indicate that geographical isolation can lead to more genetic diversity within populations of animal species.


An accurate knowledge of the geometry of the tip is necessary for different facets of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) : (i) It is the radius of curvature which limits the achievable lateral resolution. (ii) Edge profiles with sides steeper than the sidewall angle of the tip cannot be inspected with normal SPMs. (iii) Quantitative measurements which need deconvolution are impossible without the actual tip geometry.


Munyu wa Gicheru is one of the three known Pleistocene lakes in the southern Kenya rift. The other two are Olorgesailie and Kariandusi in the inner rift graben. This work aims at extending the paleoenvironmental studies carried out at the two inner graben fossil lakes to Munyu wa Gicheru at the rift flank, and to allow comparison of depositional conditions. A base map of the basin on which the fossil lake beds occur is prepared, the stratigraphic framework established through measurement, sedimentologic description and correlation of vertical columnal sections, and the geological map of the basin prepared. Munyu wa Gicheru lake beds occur on a step fault platform along the eastern rift flank at locality 1 12' S, 36° 35' E, about 35 kilometres north west of Nairobi. The beds occur at an elevation of about 1585 metres, and have been dated at 0.7 to 1.7 Ma using 40 39 Ar/ Ar method. ,.~-.. The lake beds comprise a thick series cif pure diatomite beds, silty diatomite, diatomaceous silt and subordinate volcanic units. The volcanic units in the studied area were geochemically analysed and characterized using X-ray fluorescence, and used as marker beds. The stratigraphy of the lake beds was established through measurement and description of sections at different parts of the basin, with help of the marker beds. The lake beds were divided into three informal units. A type section of the lake beds and the fence diagram linking different .p.&~tsof the basin shows that, the (lll) depositional conditions were not uniform during the deposition period but fluctuated with time and space. Sedimentological investigations entail a description of the lithology and structures. Grain size analysis of a distinct sand bed in the middle unit does not give any specific grain size distribution pattern, raising possibility that it could be of eolian origin. Four diatom species namely, melosira, cymbella, cocconeis and synedra were identified using SEM. The species are ~ll lacustrine and existed in the Pleistocene time. The occurence of lake beds at Munyu wa Gicheru appears similar to that of the inner graben fossil lakes although no fossils or artefacts were found.


Final Report: Ultra-high Thermal Conductivity of Spider Silk: Protein Function Study with Controlled Structure Change and Comparison Report Title In the past three years, we have conducted extensive research to study the structure of spider silks and investigate how the structure affects the silk's thermal transport. The comparison of thermal conductivity (k) and structural information between the naturally spun and manually spun spider silks demonstrates that the alignment of the antiparallel beta-sheet crystals in spider silks plays one of the most important roles in improving thermal transport. Various structural manipulations have been introduced by casting the silk protein into different shapes, varying the speed of manual silk spinning, using different silks from the same spider and silks from different types of spiders. The thin width of silks has been proved to significantly improve k. The silks from the spiders in unhealthy conditions also showed a higher k. Rough structures would enhance phonon scattering and thus lower k. A small range of the variation of the spinning rate in producing spider silks would not obviously increase k, when no significant shape change is induced. The organic solvent in silver paste involved in our experiment has little effect in decreasing k. On the other hand, to go deeper into the nanoscale nature of the structure of spider silks, X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been employed to study the crystallite size of spider silks. Also a lab-developed thermal reffusivity theory has been employed to study thermal properties of spider silks at low temperatures down to 10 K. The crystallite size obtained through XRD and mean free path of the defect-induced phonon scattering are nicely consistent with each other. (a) Papers published in peer-reviewed journals (N/A for none) Enter List of papers submitted or published that acknowledge ARO support from the start of the project to the date of this printing. List the papers, including journal references, in the following categories:


This work consists in the geometric survey of a big statue by means of a laser scanner and solid modelling. It has been chosen, for its complexity and singularity of the image. It's about the copy of the weather vane that crowns the tower of the Giralda of Seville, the well-known " Giraldillo ", carried out by traditional methods a few years ago. The big dimensions of the study object and its location in a public place make that other methods of obtaining of data cannot be applied without using auxiliary elements to be carried out, this would suppose to have disable its exhibition during a certain time. By means of this experience we will have opportunity to contrast the results of the application of technical of geometric survey with laser total station and threedimensional laser scanner.


The invention discloses a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a substrate, a semiconductor package including a semiconductor chip, and a connector between the substrate and the semiconductor package, the connector having opposing first and second planar surfaces, the first planar surface in contact with the substrate and the second planar surface in contact with the semiconductor package. The connector also includes a plurality of wires extending between the first and second planar surfaces to electrically connect electrodes of the substrate to electrodes of the semiconductor package.


The looks and glances borne by the individual throughout life have a decisive effect on the burgeoning of his or her psychic development. We adopted the hypothesis that taking photos of young mothers busy looking after their babies could sustain them in confirming and asserting their sense of existence, which so often proves to be tenuous. It is the session where these shots are viewed by the parties concerned that is so rich in virtue, with the young woman discovering herself as woman and mother and for the first time perceiving certain of her child's attitudes and reactions, especially pleasure. Thus, the photo, in allowing for what the author calls the "creative look ," could turn out to be an instrument for narcissistic reinforcement and access to a "loop of pleasure " dimension shared by two.


As one of the main payloads mounted on the Yutu-2 rover of Chang'E-4 probe, lunar penetrating radar (LPR) aims to map the subsurface structure in the Von Kármán crater. The field LPR data are generally masked by clutters and noises of large quantities. To solve the noise interference, dozens of filtering methods have been applied to LPR data. However, these methods have their limitations, so noise suppression is still a tough issue worth studying. In this article, the denoising convolutional neural network (CNN) framework is applied to the noise suppression and weak signal extraction of 500 MHz LPR data. The results verify that the low-frequency clutters embedded in the LPR data mainly came from the instrument system of the Yutu rover. Besides, compared with the classic band-pass filter and the mean filter, the CNN filter has better performance when dealing with noise interference and weak signal extraction; compared with Kirchhoff migration, it can provide original high-quality radargram with diffraction information. Based on the high-quality radargram provided by the CNN filter, the subsurface sandwich structure is revealed and the weak signals from three sub-layers within the paleo-regolith are extracted.


The present study is a detailed vibrational spectroscopy investigation on the ion–ion and ion–polymer interactions that exist post-solvation or complexation in a new class of quasi-solid polymer electrolytes. Fourier transformed infrared spectra of the synthesized semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) matrix of poly(ethylene-oxide)-polyurethane/poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether (P4K-PU/P2 (30:70)) complexed with LiCF3SO3 and LiN(CF3SO2)2 is deconvoluted for three primary stretching zones (ether, carbonyl, and amine) to isolate and identify the ionic species and polymer segments involved. The analysis revealed crucial information pertaining to the localized ion-association behavior, vital clues regarding the competitive interactions present, and important insights into the mechanisms of charge transport. The spectroscopic signatures imply favorable presence of positively charged triple ions or higher aggregate species along with a significant amount of "free" ions and a preferential solubil...


The sensitivity of a monitoring scheme depends on many factors including the variance of the charting statistic which is very important in the computation of the control limits. This paper discusses the computation of the variance of the recently proposed hybrid homogeneously weighted moving average (HHWMA) X¯ scheme which was based on an incorrect assumption. The correct variance is used to evaluate the run‐length characteristics of the HHWMA X¯ scheme. It is observed that the incorrect variance has a significant impact on the sensitivity (or performance) of the HHWMA X¯ scheme.


This paper focuses on best modelling of a photovoltaic cell by making it closed loop. This model is based on mathematical equations and is described through an equivalent circuit including a photocurrent source, a diode, a series resistor and a shunt resistor. The developed model allows the prediction of PV cell behaviour under different physical and environmental parameters. The model can also be used to extract the physical parameters for a given solar PV cell as a function of temperature and solar radiation. In addition, this study outlines the working principle of PV module as well as PV array. In order to validate the developed model. The PV model is connected into different grid systems and analysed the performance of different systems. The comparative study also made in accordance with ripple output voltage by using the result analysis dc grid connection and two stage ac grid connection is made closed loop for the best performance.


AbstractNinety five percent ethanol extract of Swertia chirata (Buch-Ham) was fed to healthy albino rats consisting of fed, fasted and glucose loaded models. Significant blood sugar lowering effect was observed in these models. Swertia chirata fed orally caused enhancement of the blood sugar lowering effect of tolbutamide in healthy albino rats.


My article traces the development, chronicles the impact, and explains the essence of Herbert Spencer's "The Philosophy of Style" (1852). Spencer's essay has had a significant influence on stylistics, especially in scientific and technical communication. Although in our generation Spencer's contribution to stylistics is not widely remembered, it ought to be. His single essay on this subject was seminal to modern theories about effective communication, not because it introduced new knowledge but because it was such a rhetorically astute synthesis of stylistic lore, designed to connect traditional rhetorical theory with 19th-century ideas about science, technology, and evolution. It was also influential because it was part of Spencer's grand "synthetic philosophy," a prodigious body of books and essays that made him one of the most prominent thinkers of his time. Spencer's "Philosophy of Style" carried the day, and many following decades, with its description of the human mind as a symbol-processing machine, with its description of cognitive and affective dimensions of communication, and with its scientifically considered distillation of the fundamental components of effective style. We should read Spencer's essay and understand its impact not so much because we expect it to teach us new things about good style, but precisely because: 1) it's at the root of some very important concepts now familiar to us; 2) it synthesizes these concepts so impressively; 3) we can use it heuristically as we continue thinking about style; and 4) it provides a compact, accessible touchstone for exploring—with students, clients, and colleagues—the techniques of effective style for scientific and technical communication.


This work was undertaken in order to determine the influence of the triphenylmethyl group on the course of the hydrolysis of the esters of secondary alcohols containing this group. The resolution of the hydrogen phthalic ester of triphenylmethyl phenyl carbinol is described. The hydrolysis of this ester in both acid and alkaline media gives rise to decomposition products of the carbinol; these reactions are discussed and compared with reactions of carbinols having similar constitutions. An unusual reaction of the hydrogen phthalic ester with Grignard reagents is described, together with the preparation of the optically active forms of triphenylmethyl phenyl carbinol by reduction of the optically active forms of the hydrogen phthalic ester with lithium aluminium hydride. A further section consists of a description, and discussion on their nature, of a series of crystalline molecular compounds formed by optically active triphenyl-methyl phenyl carbinyl hydrogen phthalate with a large number of solvents.


The optimistic parameters of liquefaction in the key technology of producing corn starch were studied by ternary quadratic regression model and inverse matrix analysis.It was established by contrast analysis of single factors and central composite design.The DE value and refractive index were measured as indexes to determine the liquefaction condition of corn starch which was enzymolysised byα-amylase bearing high temperature.The research showed that there was a significant differences in ternary quadratic regression model which was Y=13.62+0.27X1+0.80X2+1.52X3-1.84X21-0.84X22-0.29X23+0.032X1X2-1.55X1X3+1.08X2X3(P=0.000 3)with coefficient of determination as 0.965.It was indicated that the true DE value of corn starch liquefaction near to 13 mostly while the anticipant DE value was 13.002 2 when the parameters as temperature 79.21 ℃,concentration of starch 18.38% and dosage of amylase 19.98 U/g.


Heiner ROETZ: Introduction Masahiro MORIOKA: The Ethics of Human Cloning and the Sprouts of Human Life Robert HORRES, Hans Dieter OLSCHLEGER, Christian STEINECK: Cloning in Japan: Public Opinion, Expert Counselling, and Bioethical Reasoning Qiu RENZONG: Cloning Issues in China Ole DORING: Culture and Bioethics in the Debate on the Ethics of Human Cloning in China Gerhold BECKER: Chinese Ethics and Human Cloning: A View from Hong Kong Chin KYO-HUN: Current Debates on 'Human Cloning' in Korea Marion EGGERT, Phillan JOUNG: The Cloning Debate in South Korea Jens SCHLIETER: Some Observations on Buddhist Thoughts on Human Cloning Pinit RATANAKUL: Human Cloning: Thai Buddhist Perspectives Siti Nurani MOHD NOR: The Ethics of Human Cloning. With Reference to the Malaysian Bioethical Discourse Heinz Werner WESSLER: The Charm of Biotechnology: Human Cloning and Hindu Bioethics in Perspective Abdulaziz SACHEDINA: Cultural and Religious in Islamic Biomedicine: The Case of Human Cloning Thomas EICH: The Debate about Human Cloning Among Muslim Religious Scholars since 1997 Y. Michael BARILAN: The Debate on Human Cloning: Some Contributions from the Jewish Tradition Christofer FREY: Bioethics in the Perspective of Universalization Nigel M. de S. CAMERON: The American Debate on Human Cloning Thomas Soren HOFFMANN: Primordial Ownership versus Dispossession of the Body. A Contribution to the Problem of Cloning from the Perspective of Classical European Philosophy of Law Ilhan ILKILIC: Human Cloning as a Challenge to Traditional Health Care Cultures Hans-Martin SASS: Let Probands and Patients Decide About Moral Risk in Stem Cell Research and Medical Treatment Florian BRAUNE, Nikola BILLER-ANDORNO, Claudia WIESEMANN: Human Reproductive Cloning: A Test Case for Individual Rights? Nikola BILLER-ANDORNO: Epilogue: Cross-Cultural Discourse in Bioethics: It's a Small World After All Notes on Contributors


Education is a fundamental means to bring any change in a society, which is an accepted fact throughout the world. Education not only helps in the development of personality of the child but also determines his future. Women constitute almost half of the population in the world. But the prevailing masculine ideology made them suffer a lot as they were denied equal opportunities in the different parts of the world. The rise of the feminist ideas has however, led to the tremendous improvement of the women"s condition throughout the world in recent times. This paper tries to analyze the condition of women in India with respect to education which would empower them. Despite of reforms made by the Government, they do not have proper chance to learn and grow and access to education has been one of the most pressing demands of women rights. Thus, the paper attempts to discuss the various issues related to the education of women which would empower them to lead a life of dignity since women power is crucial to the economic growth of any country.


This study aimed to detect the superstitious thinking among the students of the Mutah University and its relationship to some variables. To achieve that a tool for The Superstitious Thinking was prepared and applied on the study sample which consisted of (1250) students
The study revealed that the subjects of the study sample were not convinced of the superstitious ideas, the average responses as a whole was low. The study showed significant differences in the superstitious ideas, according to the college variable, in favor of humanity colleges, and to the place of residence, in favor of village residents, and to the academic year between the students of the first and second academic years, in favor of the second academic year students, and between the students of first and fourth academic years, in favor of fourth academic year students. Also there were no significant differences in superstitious thinking according to the gender variable.


ROMERO, M. D. 1976.—Morfologia e identificacion.de las especies espanolas del genero Heterodera Schmidt, 1871 (Nematoda). Bol. Ser. Plagas, 2. 123-143. A study of the methods used for the systematic determination of nematodes of the genus Heterodera is made and likewise a brief description of the species appeared in Spain as well as of another species from the Mediterraneam Bassin, that could be found in our country. We have added the most morphological, biometrical, geographical and hosts data, proceeding from our works and from another authors ones, useful for their identification.


Case 1 A 52-year-old asplenic man who lived on Martha's Vineyard, an island off the coast of Massachusetts, was in remission for Hodgkin disease. One week before hospitalization, he observed a targetoid bruise on the back of his leg after having walked through tall grass fields on the island. He reported intermittent fevers, dyspnea, arthralgia, myalgia, and mild abdominal discomfort. A CBC revealed a WBC count of 6.2 × 103/μL (6.2 × 109/L), with 70% (0.70) neutrophils, 10% (0.10) lymphocytes, and 15% (0.15) monocytes. His hemoglobin value was 14.6 g/dL (146 g/L); platelet count, 138 × 103/μL (138 × 109/L); blood urea nitrogen, 14 mg/dL (5.0 mmol/L); and creatinine, 1.0 mg/dL (88 μmol/L). His liver enzymes were slightly elevated, and there was a mild indirect hyperbilirubinemia. A direct Coomb test was negative. Babesia microti was diagnosed on WrightGiemsa–stained blood smears, with a 2.7% parasitemia. Titers for Babesia IgM (>300) and IgG (128) were high. Babesia microti infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serologic test results for Lyme disease were also positive. The patient was treated with clindamycin, quinine, and doxycycline in addition to receiving supportive measures. He made a slow recovery and was discharged from the hospital 8 days after admission.


Carbon is one of the most important alloying elements in steel; a number of different properties have been attributed to strong interactions between interstitial carbon atoms and defects such as vacancies, dislocations and grain boundaries. The dissolution of carbonaceous materials such as graphite, coal, coke, chars etc. into molten iron is a key step in a range of ironmaking processes (Keogh et al., 1991; Cusack et al., 1991). While there have been some studies on the dissolution behavior of cokes and coal (Orsten & Oeters, 1988; Wright & Taylor, 1993; Mourao et al., 1993; Sahajwalla et al., 1994), most of the investigations have focused their attention on the dissolution behavior of graphite (Coller et al., 1994; Kosaka & Minowa, 1968; Ericsson & Melberg, 1981; Grigoryan & Karshin, 1972; Olivares, 1997). These studies both experimental and theoretical have provided a great deal of information about the reaction kinetics and various factors affecting the graphite dissolution rate, and have generally concluded that the dissolution of graphite is governed by mass transfer in the melt. This implies that the reactions at the interface are much faster than mass transfer and therefore do not control the dissolution kinetics. The dissolution behavior of coals, added either as lumps or fines, on the other hand is highly complex and involves volatile reactions and possible particle breakup. An understanding of the processes occurring at the carbon/melt interface is therefore of crucial importance; a fundamental understanding of the interfacial region is presently far from complete. In addition to carburization from carbonaceous materials, liquid steel can pick up small quantities of carbon from carbon-based refractories, which are expended in the areas of hot metal treatment and transport, steelmaking vessels, steel secondary treatment as well as continuous casting (Sasai & Mizukami, 1995; Schei et al., 1988; Chen et al., 2000). In ironmaking processes including the Blast furnace and direct ironmaking technologies, significant quantities of carbon are used for the reduction of oxide iron ore as well as for the carburization of reduced metallic iron. High rates of carbon dissolution are generally required for high process efficiency. However during the final stages of refining of steel just prior to its casting into finished products, the composition of steel and relative concentrations of alloying elements are carefully controlled. The pick up of carbon from


Visible light communication (VLC) has gained great attention from both the industry and the academia as it can potentially provide a solution to alleviate the congestion in the wireless spectrum, offloading the ever-increasing data traffic to the untamed optical spectrum while taking advantage of the pervasive lighting infrastructure. On the other hand, what is less obvious is that VLC has many unique characteristics which can in fact allows it to provide better support to existing applications or enable new applications, compared to its RF siblings. In this talk, I will touch upon a number of interesting elements in the latest research in the field: using cameras as a VLC receiver to enable pervasive augmented reality applications, alleviating traffic congestion on the roads and in the communication channels at the same time with vehicular VLC, and taking advantage of the invisible changes in visible light - light's polarization. I will close the talk by illustrating a number of open research problems and the roads ahead.


Abstract The paper considers the possibilities for implementation the Cloud technologies in the energy systems control and the expected benefits from this. The trends in the electric energy systems development and the challenges in front of the control are summarized. It is obvious that the introduction of information and communications technologies is unavoidable in order to achieve the main goals – effective, reliable, sustainable and safe operation of the energy system. A possible scenario is the development of a modern metering infrastructure based on smart sensor networks. Development and implementation of Internet of Things oriented solutions is expected to help the introduction of Cloud computing in the industrial and home energy management systems. Two models of IoT based solutions are explained. They consider the approaches for Internet connectivity of modern and legacy measurement and control equipment. Experimental results are given.


The invention relates to a space data index method and a system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring index key words; establishing inverted files of the index key words; calculating the positions of recorded IDs of an inverted list of the index key words in a hash table and establishing the hash table; calculating hash codes according to the index key words and acquiring the recording ID numbers of the inverted list of the index key words in the hash table; acquiring the IDs of all ground objects and the IDs of layers related to the index key words in the inverted files according to the recorded IDs of the inverted list; and acquiring specific coordinate values of the IDs of all ground objects and the IDs of layers in graphic data and displaying the specific coordinate values. The space data index method and the system learn the level ideas of multikey index, use a mode for combining the inverted file index and the hash table index to index space data from the angle ofthe user, and can improve the speed of the user for querying information by attribute data of the space data.


We propose Mixcoin, a protocol to facilitate anonymous payments in Bitcoin and similar cryptocurrencies. We build on the emergent phenomenon of currency mixes, adding an accountability mechanism to expose theft. We demonstrate that incentives of mixes and clients can be aligned to ensure that rational mixes will not steal. Our scheme is efficient and fully compatible with Bitcoin. Against a passive attacker, our scheme provides an anonymity set of all other users mixing coins contemporaneously. This is an interesting new property with no clear analog in better-studied communication mixes. Against active attackers our scheme offers similar anonymity to traditional communication mixes.


Equine as one of the most important branches of agriculture of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has a special place in the development of the northern regions of Yakutia. In order to assess the effectiveness of the use of horse, conducted research productivity and ways of increasing it. All this leads to the study of breeding and feeding technology Yakut breed horses under Verkhoyansk, which is very important.


The study assessed the impact of Vocational Technical approach on the teaching of music education in Masvingo urban secondary schools. The major recommendations of the Nziramasanga Presidential Commission of 1999 and analysis of the commission's impact on music education was the major focus of the study. In carrying out the research, a qualitative approach was used. The study used questionnaires, interviews and documentary analysis to solicit data from all urban secondary schools that offer Music as a subject in Masvingo. The population was made up of twenty school administrators, twenty Music teachers and hundred Music students from the five schools observed. Population sample, which was used included two school administrators, one Music teacher and twenty-five Music students per school. The research established that Music as a subject is now examined at "O" level. Of the schools under study, only Mucheke High and Kyle College do not offer the subject. It was also found that all the schools do not have proper music structures such as music labs, which are properly furnished with relevant, music material. It was therefore, concluded that implementation of Vocational Technical approach in Masvingo urban schools offering Music as a subject is still at infancy. It was also noted that the Zimbabwean economic situation at the moment is fragile and not supportive to technical and practical subjects due to the colonial legacy. The major recommendations of this study are as follows: School administrators are advised to implement equity in the distribution of resources. Music teachers need in-service training, workshops and seminars to enhance their music skills. Curriculum setters are encouraged to collaborate with music industry so that they come up with a curriculum that bridges the gap between the industry and the education sector.


Oscillating electric fields have shown great promise for indirect stimulation of damaged axons, classification of synchronizing neural networks, and inhibition of nociceptive signals. So far, models in this course have focused on modeling the membrane voltage dynamics of neurons based on their ionic components. Without altering the physical properties of neurons, electric fields also induce changes in the membrane voltage. With this in mind, we aim to analyze the effect of an external electric field on primary and secondary afferent neurons immediately following a nociceptive stimulus. The application of a field in this manner is expected to impede the downstream signal, thereby preventing the sensation of transient pain.


Since the 1970s, satellite communications have been continuously evolving and improving to provide services characterized by increasing complexity and quality. This evolution has been supported by the constant increase in the operating frequency for achieving the necessary high data rates. This contribution focuses on the long‐term key role of the Italian Space Agency in supporting research activities on (and the developments of) high‐frequency satellite communication systems. The Alphasat experiment is the most recent effort of the Italian Space Agency, in collaboration with the European Space Agency, to thoroughly investigate the severe detrimental atmospheric effects impairing radio waves at high frequency (specifically, Ka and Q bands) and the associated fade mitigation techniques (eg, uplink power control, site diversity, and adaptive coding and modulation) required to achieve the typical target quality and availability of modern satellite communication systems.


In a typical cryopreservation protocol, the system to be preserved is first equilibrated with chemicals known as cryoprotective agents (CPAs). CPAs have been shown to alleviate cell damage from either the solute effects or the formation of intracellular ice during the subsequent freezing process. Thus, an extensive body of literature reporting the effects of CPAs on cellular systems has been accumulated over the last 50 years; detailing largely experimental interactions between cell systems and chemicals. Recent advances in computational methodology now offer an additional dimension in our ability to understand the molecular interactions between cell membranes, idealized as lipid bilayers and CPAs at atomistic scales. Computer simulations provide unique capabilities for analyzing biomembrane properties from atomistic perspective with a degree of detail that is hard to reach by other techniques. The excellent agreement with the experiment obtained in various molecular dynamics (MD) studies [1] on simple model membranes has raised the confidence in applying the molecular dynamics simulations to even more complex systems. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is one of the most widely used solvents in cell biology and cryopreservation. During a typical cryopreservation protocol the DMSO composition of aqueous buffers inside and outside of the cell is known to differ considerably. To model and understand the structural changes in cell membranes in such a situation we performed MD simulations of an idealized lipid bilayer membrane which separates two aqueous reservoirs with and without DMSO. Zwitterionic dimyritoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) lipid bilayers was chosen as the model membrane.Copyright © 2008 by ASME