Objective: To assess the effect of three kinds of oral health education programs on the improvement of the freshmen's oral health awareness,oral health behaviors and oral health in the medical college. Methods: 1 022 medical college freshmen with caries and periodontal disease from different specialties in physical examination were randomly divided into 4 groups and received the same content of oral health education,but with different teaching methods. The first group was given the oral lecture( lecture group). The second group watched education video( video group). The third group studied the relevant content by themselves( self- learning group). The fourth group was taken as the normal control group. Questionnaires were given to all the freshmen from the four groups before the performance of health education program and two months after it to observe the changes in their health knowledge awareness and health behaviors and to assess the comparison of dental plaque index. Results: Compared with that before the performance of health education,there was significant improvement in health knowledge awareness and health behaviours of the most freshmen( P 0. 05); plaque index in the lecture group and the video group significantly descended compared with that before the intervention( P 0. 05); there was no change in self- learning group and and the control group( P 0. 05). Compared with that in the video and the lecture group,the improvement was most significant in the lecture group( P 0. 05),with the most freshmen willing to take the lecture as their way of having oral health education. Conclusion:Oral health education can produce a positive effect on the improvement of freshmen's oral health condition,oral health awareness and oral health behaviors in medical college.


As Language loss has brought many negative impacts,the network specified languages have attracted more and more attention.And tolerance,guidance,multi-angle,interactive and categories are the five principles of language specification.All these Principles are theories,so it is necessary to take a correct approach to standardizing the language effectively: first,language specification,such as the language standard of news,blog,etc.;second,the legal norms,which can be implemented by Government and major Internet media;third,ethic constraint,including the contents of the network language,refined,fair comments,and respect for others;fourth,education measures,teaching the educated a reasonable use of the network language.


Previous research has documented textile and basketry production at Moravian Upper Palaeolithic sites, c.27,000 BP. Recent research extends these technologies to Russia and Germany, and amplifies information on perishable fibre artefacts from France. Collectively, these data illustrate the ubiquity of perishable technologies across the late Pleistocene world.


The development of human rights and freedoms is an indispensable component of modern society. The world is built on the observance of certain rights, because if they are not observed, chaos will begin. In 2022, we can clearly see what a country's non-compliance with its rights and violation of someone else's territorial integrity leads to. The "neighbor" country brings chaos to the whole world, destroying everything and everyone in its path. But the civilized world will certainly stop pro-science and he will bear responsibility for all crimes.
Mentality is formed by the human community through cultural development. This formation becomes the foundation, the basis of the legal capabilities of a person in a specific region. That is, the legal capabilities of a person in each region can have its criteria, the organicity, naturalness of human characteristics in the form of their rights is changed in connection with nature. Society provides nature spontaneously, and the state actively.
It is difficult to imagine the modern world without human rights. Today, this is a very relevant topic. After all, one of the most important signs of a democratic society is the free and effective exercise of one's rights. It is thanks to the development of law that the country develops.
Human rights are closely related to the development of the state. After all, they are the so-called original legal yardstick for all processes taking place in the state. Human rights are in constant development, and therefore reflect certain changes in social relations, the growth of legal awareness of citizens, which is quite noticeable when considering rights according to historical periodization. We classify human rights as follows, namely: a) natural human rights (these are the rights that are granted to a person from birth, given by God and accompany a person until death); b) physical human rights (these are the rights that satisfy material, spiritual and other human needs); c) personal human rights (these are the rights that protect the rights, freedoms and interests of citizens).
If we talk about rights in Ukraine, we can say that certain changes are needed regarding people's rights. After all, too much in our country is built on material values. People have forgotten that they are, first of all, people and should give priority to moral values and help each other.


Singapore and Hong Kong are the least corrupt Asian countries according to their rankings and scores on Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index in 2018 and other indicators. This chapter explains why these two city-states have succeeded in minimizing corruption and identifies the four best practices which might serve as lessons for policy-makers in other countries.


Among the many causes of an event, how do we distinguish the important ones? Are there ways to distinguish among causes on principled grounds that integrate both practical aims and objective knowledge? Psychologist Tania Lombrozo has suggested that causal explanations "identify factors that are 'exportable' in the sense that they are likely to subserve future prediction and intervention" (Lombrozo 2010, 327). Hence portable causes are more important precisely because they provide objective information to prediction and intervention as practical aims. However, I argue that this is only part of the epistemology of causal selection. Recent work on portable causes has implicitly assumed them to be portable within the same causal system at a later time. As a result, it has appeared that the objective content of causal selection includes only facts about the causal structure of that single system. In contrast, I present a case study from systems biology in which scientists are searching for causal factors that are portable across rather than within causal systems. By paying careful attention to how these biologists find portable causes, I show that the objective content of causal selection can extend beyond the immediate systems of interest. In particular, knowledge of the evolutionary history of gene networks is necessary for correctly identifying causal patterns in these networks that explain cellular behavior in a portable way.


Marjorie P. SheldOD THOSE interested in the education of crippled children in the special class or school are sometimes confused by the usual factors that result from the child's handicap, and find it difficult to estimate their influence on him as an individual and as a pupil. For this reason it is interesting to consider some of the strains that the crippled child in school may experience as a result of his orthopedic handicap, and to determine, if possible, the part that his school program may play in causing or in relieving them. For the sake of clarity we shall assume that the child in question is at least average in his mentality; that his orthopedic improvement is assured in so far as is possible by regular attention from an orthopedic physician or clinic, that he is a pupil in a special public school, and that he is past the acute stages of his illness or orthopedic injury, and, therefore, no longer a sick child or in pain. There are . three basic strains to which the crippled pupil may, because of his handicap, be liable; the first two are referable more to his physical situation, the last is associated with his social-emotional development. The most obvious of these is what we may term a purely mechanical limitation. It necessitates an extra effort to perform more or less routine bodily movements with a body some part of which has suffered an orthopedic injury. We find this drag present because of the loss of strength of certain muscles as in infantile paralysis, in the disturbed motor control that follows a birth injury, in the limited joint action of post arthritic or tubercular joint infection, in the neural adjustments necessary to train a left hand to the skills previously done by the injured right hand, and in a variety of other orthopedic injuries that may throw the body out of alignment or interfere with its proper use. Now this extra effort or loss of efficiency, of course, varies greatly in different conditions but it is present to some degree in almost every orthopedic injury as anyone that has ever worn a temporary finger splint can


ABSTRACT Bacillus sp. is a Gram-positive bacterium that is commonly found in seawater. In this study, the genome of marine Bacillus sp. strain G3(2015) was sequenced using MiSeq. The fosfomycin resistant gene fosB was identified upon bacterial genome annotation.


For some time the Milky Way has been understood as a barred disk galaxy. Star count observations have provided evidence for two bars at apparently different orientations, the boxy bulge and a long planar bar. We report recent work in which we argued for a scenario where these observations can be reproduced with a single boxy bulge/bar: an evolved bar from the stellar disk and the corresponding boxy bulge generated from it through secular evolution and buckling instability. We calculated the star count distributions along different lines-of-sight for a simulated barred galaxy and an observer at the Sun position, and compared them with observations of red clump magnitude distributions. We found a good agreement between the model and the observations, even though the simulation has a single boxy bulge/bar. In this model, the different apparent orientations of the boxy bulge and planar bar are partially due to the volume effect and partially to the leading ends of the bar.


This study focuses on sustainability of rainwater harvesting system in meeting the house household needs of fresh water in Nepal. Review of literatures from different sources was the method of the study. Safe clean water is the utmost importance for the better health and also for the survival of human beings and because of severe water shortage at many places and people are struggling for water. This problem compels human being for the use of unsafe water for every purposes. In Nepal, due to country's geography, there are many places especially in rural area and at high mountainous settlement where conventional water supply systems are challenging to implement. At such places, as an alternate solution, rainwater harvesting system can be used to meet the demand of the water. The main problems of becoming dysfunctional of water supply systems are associated with four dimensions; socio-environmental, technical, financial/economical and institutional for the system. Frequent repair and maintenance of the system is required to meet the demand in the changing condition as well as enhancement of the local capacity at community level, administrative, financial and technical aspects must be strong for a sustainable rainwater harvesting systems in the rural areas of Nepal.


The objective of the present work was to investigate the effects of acetylated potato starch (APS) on the rheological and thermal properties and the microstructure of a heat-induced gel of whey protein isolate (WPI) using small-amplitude oscillatory rheometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The rheological results indicated that the elastic (G') and viscous modulus (G") of the WPI-APS systems increased as the concentrations of APS increased. During heating and cooling, the rheological profiles of the WPI-APS systems exhibited continuous increases in G' at temperatures more closely related to those observed for WPI rather than APS. DSC results indicated that increasing APS concentration had no influence on the individual phase transition of WPI and APS. An analysis of the Flory–Huggins parameter χ12 suggested an obvious phase separation between WPI and APS in the WPI-APS system. The comprehensive analytical results indicated that the gelatinization for APS was earlier than the denaturation for WPI, contributing to the formation of larger-sized WPI-APS aggregates. The results could provide a theoretical foundation for food preparation containing WPI and APS.


Deep neural networks have been developed drawing inspiration from the brain visual pathway, implementing an end-to-end approach: from image data to video object classes. However building an fMRI decoder with the typical structure of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), i.e. learning multiple level of representations, seems impractical due to lack of brain data. As a possible solution, this work presents the first hybrid fMRI and deep features decoding approach: collected fMRI and deep learnt representations of video object classes are linked together by means of Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis. In decoding, this allows exploiting the discriminatory power of CNN by relating the fMRI representation to the last layer of CNN (fc7). We show the effectiveness of embedding fMRI data onto a subspace related to deep features in distinguishing semantic visual categories based solely on brain imaging data.


We consider the robust algorithms for the $k$-means clustering problem where a quantizer is constructed based on $N$ independent observations. Our main results are median of means based non-asymptotic excess distortion bounds that hold under the two bounded moments assumption in a general separable Hilbert space. In particular, our results extend the renowned asymptotic result of Pollard, 1981 who showed that the existence of two moments is sufficient for strong consistency of an empirically optimal quantizer in $\mathbb{R}^d$. In a special case of clustering in $\mathbb{R}^d$, under two bounded moments, we prove matching (up to constant factors) non-asymptotic upper and lower bounds on the excess distortion, which depend on the probability mass of the lightest cluster of an optimal quantizer. Our bounds have the sub-Gaussian form, and the proofs are based on the versions of uniform bounds for robust mean estimators.


The Chang 8 Member of Yanchang Formation in Xifeng Oilfield is deposited by delta front, and the mircofacies contains distributary channel, mouth bar, sheet sands and interdistributary bay. The reservoirs within the Chang 8 Member are characterized by strong heterogeneity, great lateral change of facies and low permeability with a value of 0.1–10mD. It is significant for the effective development of these low-permeability reservoirs to divide the flow units accurately. Base on the principle that flow units are controlled by macroscopic sedimentation and microscopic petrophysics, a hierarchy analysis for flow units division was proposed. The reservoir unit can be subdivided into three hierarchies which comprises genetic unit, architectural unit and flow unit. Macroscopically, genetic unit is designated by sequence stratigraphic interpretation, and architectural unit is delineated within genetic unit by reservoir architecture analysis. Microscopically, flow unit is defined within architectural unit by petrophysical parameters measurement. The method was applied to divide flow units of low permeability reservoirs within the Chang 8 Member of Xifeng Oilfield. It was shown that the flow unit of type A and B with good development potential dominantly locate in the main part of distributary channel and mouth bar, and the flow unit of type C with poor development potential mainly locates in sheet sands, edges of mouth bar and distributary channel. The study indicates that the flow units are identified by the method which reflects macroscopic characteristics of sedimentation, as well as microscopic details of petrophysical properties.


Dating archaeological textiles based solely on visual qualities can produce uncertain results. While much can be determined by examining weave structure, fibers and decorative motifs, the general dearth of extant examples for comperanda, as well as lacuna in the historical record can result in the mislabeling of a textile's period of construction. Advances in scientific research can now determine age with ease, minimal sampling and accuracy. This paper will present the conservation treatment of a Coptic tunic from the Egyptian Museum of Turin which was originally stylistically attributed to 10-12 century AD yet radiocarbon dating revealed it was actually 500 years older. The strategy for choosing samples and the procedure for measurement will be discussed including examples of earliest uses of C-dating in Textile Conservation. The research was carried out in 2014 as part of a Master Thesis in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage at the University of Turin. Initially, the tunic was dated using standard art-historical criteria. Bibliographic research was conducted to compare the weave structure and pattern of the tunic carefully studied and digitally reconstructed using vector drawing software AutoCAD with that of other similar fragments present in museums and private collections. In the literature similar fragments were generally dated to 10-12 centuries. However, in light of recent radiocarbon dating to fifth to sixth centuries of three similar textile fragments at the Louvre, Abegg-Stiftung and Katoen Natie collections, radiocarbon dating was pursued too for the Turin tunic. The analysis was carried out at the INFN-LABEC (LAboratorio di Tecniche Nucleari per l'Ambiente e I BEni Culturali) in Florence using a 3 MV Tandem accelerator. The tunic was determined to have been produced between 415 and 560 AD during the full Byzantine period.


The Continuously variable transmission(CVT) has better fuel economy and acceleration performance than the limited step transmissions because it can infinitely change speed ratio within the ratio coverage. To get good performance in CVT. the optimal operating line of engine should be determined as the basic information for the line pressure control and the speed ratio control. In this study, the optimal operating points of engine are determined on the basis of the engine characteristic curve and tractive effort curve. And the operating line, speed ratio map and engine speed map are calculated for the economy mode and the power mode by simulation.


Summary. The clinical and haematological features of 15 patients with a rare variant of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) are described. The disease predominantly affects males in the sixth and seventh decades of life and presenting symptoms include fatigue, weakness, weight loss, sweats and fevers. Massive enlargement of the spleen (mean weight at autopsy 1383 g, range 227–3500 g) and to a lesser extent of the liver (mean weight 2445 g, range 2030–3079 g) are regular findings. In contrast, peripheral lymphadenopathy is inconspicuous or absent. The characteristic cell in the peripheral blood is a relatively large lymphoid cell with a large vesicular nucleolus, relatively well‐condensed nuclear chromatin and moderate amount of cytoplasm. The counts of these cells in the peripheral blood at the time of diagnosis are very high (mean 355 000/μl, range 26000–1 11 000/μl). The clinical response to methods of treatment that are usually effective in classical CLL (particularly alkylating agents and corticosteroid drugs) is uniformly poor and the patients'survival after diagnosis is in most cases quite short.


We synthesized a micro lens array with variable focal length by micromachining a gel which expands and contracts in response to pH stimulation. The silicone template was made as a mold for the lens array. Acrylic acid was polymerized on the mold and the polymerized gel was used as the lens array. The micro lens swelled and shrunk in response to pH change, The focal length change was investigated using the same composition of poly(acrylic acid) gel. In the future, we will create a device which can improve image processing efficiency by adjusting the lens focal length only in the region corresponding to the particular image to be sharpened among the images already captured on the light-receiving surface.


In response to a question posed by P. Erdös, B. H. Neumann showed that in a group with every subset of pairwise noncommuting elements finite there is a bound on the size of these sets. Recently, H. E. Bell, A. A. Klein and the first author showed that a similar result holds for rings. However in the case of semigroups, finiteness of subsets of pairwise noncommuting elements does not assure the existence of a bound for their size. The largest class of semigroups in which we found Neumann's result valid are cancellative semigroups.


Construction and characterization of a new microcavity electrode system, microfabricated into alternating layers of gold and polyimide, is reported. The cavities contain individually addressable recessed microdisk (RMD) and tubular nanoband (TNB) gold electrodes inside a small cavity with a third electrode accessible at its rim. The cavity is cylindrical, with a 53 μm diam and 8 μm depth. The electrodes were characterized with cyclic voltammetry in Ru(NH 3 ) 6 3+ /KNO 3 solution, and the experimental current was compared to that predicted from models. At slow scan rates (0. V s -1 ), the measured current for the TNB is within error of the current predicted from hemicylindrical diffusion models. The measured current for the RMD, which is about 300 times larger in area than the TNB, is within error of the model for hemispherical diffusion to planar microdisks. A similar current obtained for the RMD and TNB is consistent with the dominance of diffusion to the edges at these time scales. At faster scan rates (204 V s -1 ), the current for the TNB is significantly higher than predicted. At 204 V s -1 at the RMDs, the current is less than expected for the model for linear diffusion. This is probably partly due to uncompensated resistance and the manner in which charging current was subtracted from the total current. The quality of construction of the system was evaluated by determining the dependence of area-normalized capacitance on scan rate for both the RMD and TNB and comparing it to that for a macroelectrode. The data are consistent with good adhesion between the electrodes and polyimide insulator.


Organo-mineral fertilizer solid was generated from liquid-waste vinasse with the addition of other materials as variations such as filter cake, boiler ash, urea, and NPK through the evaporation of water content in the material. Each solid OMF has a different mixture. OMF A made of evaporated vinasse or sticky vinasse, OMF B made of vinasse and urea, OMF C made from vinasse and filter cake, omf D made of vinasse and boiler ash 2 : 2, OMF E made of vinasse and boiler ash 2 : 4, OMF F made of vinasse, filter cake, and boiler ash, OMF A3 made of vinasse and 3% NPK, OMF made of A6 vinasse and 6% NPK, OMF A9 made of vinasse and 9% NPK. OMF analysis includes NPK and C/N ratio. Solid OMF which meet the SNI (Indonesian National Standard) are OMF A3, OMF A6, OMF A9 based on the quantity of NPK and C/N ratio where NPK is a source of primer macro nutrients on the plant while the C/N ratio equilibrium will determine the equilibrium of the vegetative and generative stage. NPK content and C/N ratio of OMF A3 are 0,63%, 0,45% ,0,38%, and 10,30, respectively.OMF A6 was 0,59%, 0,52% ,0,41%, and 13,66, respectively as well as OMF A9 are 0,68%, 0,52% ,0,45% and 14,16, respectively. OMF that meet SNI applied to the watermelon plants. OMF that gives the best results in plants is OMF A9 compossed from vinasse and NPK 9% because the plants growth faster shown based on plant height and stem diameter, leaf shape, flower and fruit appearance time.


The authors present a comprehensive set of measurements to assess the impact of plasma processing induced damage on NBTI and hot carrier reliability as a function of technology scaling. The authors demonstrate for the first time that both hot carrier and NBTI are impacted similarly by device antenna ratio, transistor active area and gate oxide thickness, while failure distributions exhibit significant deviations from lognormal as a result of plasma damage. The authors develop a model to explain the observed experimental dependences and to accurately simulate failure distributions in the presence of plasma damage.


Abstract : Three scattering layers exist in the minimum O2 region of the eastern tropical Pacific. Maximum scattering within these layers was determined by decreasing echosounder gain. Regression analyses were made of various biological and chemical parameters, and correlation coefficients between these parameters and maximum scattering depths were determined. The correlation coefficients show peak nitrite concentrations to be intimately related to the shallowest migrating scattering layer. In addition, correlations between peaks of scattering in the surface layer and maximum C14 activity and chlorophyll a concentration suggested that these parameters may possibly be measured by high-frequency sound sources. Trawl data suggest small bathypelagic fishes and zooplankton as causes of the shallowest migrating scattering layer and large bathypelagic fishes as the cause for the deepest layer.


A signature of globalization is the prevalence of exotic trees along reforested urban and rural riparian zones in the Neotropics, but little is known about the instream processing of its leaf litter. In this study, leaf litter breakdown rates were measured during 35 days using mesh bags within a reference headwater stream for seven exotic and three native tree species commonly used in urban and rural reforestation. Artocarpus altilis , Schefflera actinophylla and Terminalia catappa scored the highest mass loss rates (>85 %; mean life: t 50 <15 d), while Cecropia sp. and Cespedesia macrophylla (mass loss =36 and 15 %; t 50 =58 and 172 d, respectively) scored the lowest rates. However, a broad range of rates was observed among the ten species studied. The carbon to phosphorus ratio (C:P) and toughness of the leaf litter were the best predictors of breakdown rates. However, these leaf properties were not correlated with the very low values of macroinvertebrates abundance and diversity, and the few morphs classified as shredders. Therefore physical rather than biological controls seem to best explain the observed variability of mass loss rates, and thus slow decomposing leaf litter species seems to provide a habitat rather than a food resource, particularly to collectors. This study suggests that riparian reforestation will propagate species-specific ecological influences on instream processes such as leaf litter processing depending on leaf quality properties, therefore ecosystem-wide influences should be considered for improving reforestation strategies. Future studies should test for differences in breakdown rates and colonization by macroinvertebrates relative for leaf litter species origin (native vs. exotic).


Long-term indoor radon measurements performed by LR-115 track etched detectors in Croatian homes during 2003/2004 showed the arithmetic means of radon concentrations in Lika-Senj and southern part of Karlovac counties were three times higher (198 Bq/m3) than in houses at national levels (68 Bq/m3). Recently, the radon measurements in randomly selected houses as well as radon in schools and kindergartens were investigated. Values obtained in houses in these new measurements have confirmed the values obtained ten years ago (average radon value in 225 investigated houses in this area is 223 Bq/m^3). At the same time, the average radon concentrations in schools and kindergartens in Lika-Senj County are both 337 Bq/m^3 while in southern part of Karlovac County are 536 and 506 Bq/m^3, respectively. Radon concentrations in soil gas in these areas were measured in September and October of 2012 and 2013 with the AlphaGUARD measuring system. The obtained average value classifies the soil of Lika-Senj County, according to the used soil classification, into soil of medium geogenic radon potential. It is important to emphasize that radon concentration exceeds the value of 100 kBq/m^3 in one third of the measured locations which classifies those areas into areas with high geogenic radon potential. Other radionuclides in soil (40^K, 137^Cs, 226^Ra, 238^U, 232^Th) were also measured and their values were commented and correlated with the values of radon and thoron. According to the obtained results the areas with elevated radon levels and radon-prone areas were identified (some micro locations in Korenica, Licko Lesce, Generalski Stol, Slunj, Ogulin) and visually presented in the form of maps using different geostatistical approaches. Radon concentrations in the municipal water supply systems were also measured with AlphaGUARD system using procedure for quick determination of radon values. The highest measured value was 11.2 Bq/l (Gospic) and is ten times lower than the usual reference level of 100 Bq/l. The estimated maximum annual radon dose, for children, received by drinking water (75 liters per year) from the municipal water supply Gospic is 2.9 μSv and is much lower than dose received by inhalation of radon and its short lived progeny.


The present work consists of a study of the dynamical stability of a three-body system that takes advantage of the Shannon entropy approach to estimate the diffusivity (DS) in a Delaunay's action-like phase space. We outline the main features of a numerical computation of DS from the solutions of the equations of motion and, thereupon, we consider how to estimate a macroscopic instability timescale, τinst, (roughly speaking, the lifetime of the system) associated with a given set of initial conditions. Through such estimates, we are able to characterize the system's space of initial conditions in terms of its orbital stability by applying numerical integrations to the construction of dynamical maps. We compare these measures of chaotic diffusion with other indicators, first in a qualitative fashion and then more quantitatively, by means of long direct integrations. We address an analysis of a particular, near-resonant system, namely HD 181433, and we show that the entropy may provide a complementary analysis with regard to other dynamical indicators. This work is part of a series of studies devoted to presenting the Shannon entropy approach and its possibilities as a numerical tool providing information on chaotic diffusion and the dynamical stability of multidimensional dynamical systems.


Cresylic are solvents for a broad range of wire enamel formulations. These are typically mixtures of cresylic isomers, primarily cresols, xylenols and ethylphenols. A survey of high solids polyester and polyester-imide formulations prepared using various cresylic acids is described. The variations in viscosity and solvency power are evaluated and compared.


Guanjiao tunnel is the key works of the Second Xining-Geermu Railway.The control and discharging of the groundwater is modeled and the sandy water-rich ground section is simulated by means of finite element method,so as solve the waterproofing and drainage problem of the water-rich section of Guanjiao tunnel.The relationship among the permeability coefficient of the water-stop circle,the thickness and the node flow amount is analyzed.Conclusions drawn are as follows: the parameters of the grouting circle in the water-rich section should be controlled in a certain range;the situation of the groundwater is verified by the node flow variation process;in the construction of tunnel in water-rich section,the thickness of the grouting circle should be 3 m and the permeability coefficient should be 2.1×10-3 m/d.The paper can provide reference for the control and release of the groundwater in tunneling so as to minimize the impact on the water resource environment.


Proton flare of May 13, 1981 with various emissions and with registration of loop shaped flare in hard X-ray range above new created flare channel in Hα and Hβ is related with flare loop-model published earlier at IAU Symp. No. 35 in 1967.


Purpose: Penile inversion vaginoplasty (PIV) is the most common gender affirming genital procedure for transfeminine patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of tranexamic acid (TXA), an antifibrinolytic, on bleeding and bleeding-related complications in vaginoplasty surgery. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on patients undergoing PIV from February 2018 through March 2020 by the senior author (K.G.) at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics. Patients who received TXA received a combination of topical and intravenous TXA. Data collected includes patient demographics (age, body mass index, race, comorbidities, and tobacco and illicit drug use), intraoperative data (duration of surgery, estimated blood loss, fluid administration, TXA use and dose, and complications), and postoperative data (drain output, complications within 30 days, and revision surgery). Subgroup analysis on the effect of TXA was performed using independent sample t-test. Results: Seventy-four patients were included in this study with 56 patients receiving TXA and 18 patients who had surgery prior to initiation of TXA protocol. There were no thromboembolic events observed in the TXA or the non-TXA group. Ninety percent of all complications were Clavien-Dindo Grade 1 and did not require intervention. There was a significantly lower EBL in the TXA group compared to the no TXA cohort (299.1 ± 64.3 vs. 347.2 ± 84.8, p=0.013). Patients who received TXA had significantly fewer wound related complications than those who did not receive TXA (21.4% vs. 66.7%, p<0.0001). Similarly, there were fewer neo-vagina skin graft failures in the TXA group, though this did not reach significance (0.0% vs. 11.1%, p=0.057). There was no significant difference in drain output between the two groups. Conclusion: No thromboembolic events were observed with intravenous and topical tranexamic acid use in transfeminine patients undergoing penile inversion vaginoplasty surgery. TXA was also associated with lower intraoperative blood loss as well as fewer wound healing complications. Further research is needed to further study its use in gender affirmation surgery.


The chromosomes karyotype of Agropyron mongolicum Keng was analyzed in this paper and the process of its mitotic division was observed and recorded.The results showed that the karyotype formula of A.mongolicum Keng was 2n=2x=12m(2SAT) + 2sm and the karyotype was 2A type.1~2 B chromosome can be observed and their shapes were dot or short-stick in the metaphase of mitotic.


Summary form only given. Plasmons, the collective oscillations of electrons in conducting materials, have the potential to interface electronic and photonic devices, and thus are widely studied in nanophotonics. Graphene, which has extraordinary optoelectronic properties due to its peculiar band structure [1], has proven to be an excellent plasmonic material, offering extremely strong, subwavelength electric field concentration with low loss. Thus, the aforementioned properties of graphene, in its nanostructured form, have generated a great deal of excitement in the nanophotonics community as an efficient platform for on-chip optoelectronic devices [2, 3]. Here we predict extremely compact on-chip electrical detection of single plasmons supported by nanostructured graphene. Our findings show great promise for the development of integrated plasmonic circuitry, as well as basic components for quantum information processors. Specifically, we calculate a ~16-fold increase in electrical signal across a graphene nanostructure junction when one of its plasmon resonance is excited. By either doping the whole junction or varying the size of the graphene nanostructure, a broad spectral range can be covered, suggesting that this graphene plasmon-meter can find application in future on-chip photonic detectors or sensors.


Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) may be required in neurosurgical patients with a persistently depressed neurological status or severe lower cranial nerve palsies. Such patients may have a coexisting hydrocephalus requiring cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion. Despite the risk of infection resulting from exposure to oropharyngeal flora by the pull‐through PEG technique and the secondary pneumoperitoneum seen in one‐third of patients, simultaneous peritoneal placement of CSF shunt catheters with PEG is the current practice. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of CSF diversionary procedures in neurosurgical patients undergoing PEG insertion and the occurrence of infective complications in patients with simultaneous placement of a PEG and a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt.


. Thispaper is devoted to the study ofdispersive estimates for matrix Schrödinger equations onthe half-line with general boundary condition, and on the line. We prove L p − L p (cid:2) estimates on the half-line for slowly decaying self-adjoint matrix potentials that satisfy (cid:2) ∞ 0 ( 1 + x ) | V ( x ) | d x < ∞ both in the generic and in the exceptional cases. We obtain our L p − L p (cid:2) estimate on the line for a n × n system, under the condition that (cid:2) ∞− ∞ ( 1 + | x | ) | V ( x ) | d x < ∞ , from the L p − L p (cid:2) estimate for a 2 n × 2 n system on the half-line. With our L p − L p (cid:2) estimates, we prove Strichartz estimates.


The National Trust was founded in 1895 to preserve land and its associated flora, fauna and buildings. The Trust's land holding has since increased to over 220000 ha, of which almost one-third is of high nature conservation value. The protection provided by Trust ownership is particularly important for certain species. In recent years land management for nature conservation has been transferred from volunteers to professional staff and links with other conservation bodies have been developed. A special programme began in 1979 to survey the wildlife of Trust properties. Research is encouraged where it will benefit management. In some areas where traditional management has lapsed the Trust has invested considerable resources into restoring former regimes.


Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Governmen and is in the public domain in the USA. Scientific publishing represents a three-component collaborative process consisting of the author(s), the journal (editor), and the technical reviewer(s). In terms of the benefits received, the process should be analogous to a three-legged stool. Unfortunately, all the legs on the publication stool are not the same length, which results in both an uncomfortable as well as an unstable seat for technical reviewers. The traditional journal benefits from the author(s) output because it provides a usable product that the journal sells for a profit. In today's world of publication metrics, if a paper is well cited, it improves the impact factor of the journal, which makes purchasing the journal (or having access to it) more desirable. Of course, the scientific community also benefits because the papers advance the science, as well as provide information that working professionals can use on problems/issues they may have to address. The author(s) also benefit from the process. The journal provides a platform that lets others in the field know what they are doing. Publication provides stature for the author(s) that ultimately can lead to recognition, promotion and higher salaries. The publication of a scientific contribution also provides self-satisfaction, at least to those not too jaded by the process. I am sure most of us still remember when our first paper was published, and still relish seeing our names in print. The third component of the process, the technical reviewer(s), ensures that papers submitted to a journal meet acceptable editorial and technical criteria. Other than the opportunity to read/learn something new ahead of the rest of the scientific community, technical reviewers obtain no direct benefits from the process. Despite this lack, I always considered reviewing part of the business of being a working scientist. If I do not review papers to assure their quality, why should I expect others to do the same when I submit a paper for publication; without competent reviews, the entire process falls apart. Good technical reviewing requires commitment from the reviewer. Based on personal experience, a thorough review of a 30–40 page double-spaced manuscript can take the better part of a day, even with today's electronic communications. I prefer to print out the paper, check the citations, and then, while reading the manuscript, make marginal notes relative to editorial and technical issues. I then have to transfer those comments to an electronic form, check that I have clearly made the points I think are important, and then transmit the package back to the journal (editor). As noted, there are few if any tangible benefits for technical reviewing, and the process takes time. As a result, it should be incumbent on both the author(s) and the journal (editor) to make the process as aggravation-free as possible. If nothing else, both the author(s) and the editor should remember that an annoyed reviewer is unlikely to be particularly patient or generous with a manuscript. There are several things an editor can do to facilitate the review process. The review request normally transmits a title and an abstract. Most reviewers also would like to know the manuscript's length; why is this information withheld? We are all busy people, and a manuscript's length


Formula having histamine H3 antagonistic activity of (I) 3- (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl) -6- (4-cyclopropyl-piperazin-1-yl) pyridazine, salts and solvates thereof pharmaceutical compositions It can be used for.


By molecular dynamics, the sputtering of a condensed N2 sample due to 100 eV N atom bombardment is studied. The features observed in general parallel those of previous studies of Ar sputtering. Time- and space-resolved measurements give novel information on the original position of sputtered molecules and the time dependence of their energy distribution. Rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom are underpopulated with respect to center-of-mass translational motion.


This paper states and proves the connection-determinant formula for any subdeterminant of a square matrix. Along the way we give a definition of connection, suitably generalized for arbitrary matrices.


The main thrust of this paper is to investigate if males who are in intimate relationships experience domestic violence by women and the likely implication(s) on their social well-being. The study relies on qualitative and quantitative data collected through focus group discussions and questionnaire respectively. The systematic random sampling technique was used to select 146 males and 112 females who are in intimate relationships. Qualitative data collected was sorted, transcribed, and reported verbatim while quantitative data were presented in simple frequencies and percentage distributions. Findings revealed that the male respondents most experience verbal violence (93.1%), sexual violence (86.9%), and physical violence (66.4%) from their female their female partners. The respondents also reported that their experiences of domestic violence from their partner le to reduced psychological health, low social well being, and loss of social esteem. As a coping means, the mail respondents engaged in extra marital affairs. The paper concludes with some policy options.


This paper reviews the domestic policy background and development history about electric vehicles(EVs),and forecasts the total amount of EVs,the amount of different kinds of EVs,the load profile and the scale of the charging station in Beijing in 2020 with the method of proportion amplification,based on the data from national and Beijing government report and planning file.Then the influence of scale charging facilities access to the urban distribution network is analysed.Depending on above,the response measures are proposed,including the coordinative charging strategy,the effective pricing regulation,the layout of the charging station,the utilization of renewable energy.Further more,under these regulations,the cost for customers are reduced,the load characteristics are mitigated,and the situation that regional load are gathered is settled.Some simulation examples and calculations on different pricing mode could provide the foundation for implementation of the measures.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence of uterine rupture in a rural hospital and to examine its cause, type and outcome.

DESIGN
A prospective study.

SETTING
Debre Markos Hospital, Ethiopia.

SUBJECT
All patients who were admitted and operated on for uterine rupture in the above mentioned hospital over a period of two years.

OUTCOME MEASURES
Parity, whether an attempt was made to deliver them preoperatively, diagnosis at admission, vital sign status on admission and type of operation.

RESULTS
There were a total of 1830 deliveries and seventy uterine rupture cases. Frequency of occurrence of uterine rupture was 3.8% or one in 26 deliveries. The peak incidence was between 25 to 29 years. Mean parity was 3.6 and grand multiparas (>5) accounted for most (34.2%). Intraoperatively 62 were found to have complete and eight incomplete rupture with 54.3% anterior rupture. Hysterectomy was done for 57 and repair for 13. The postoperative complication rate was 24.3%, sepsis being the most common cause of death.

CONCLUSION
Uterine rupture is relatively common mainly as a result of obstructed labour and multiparity. Improved healthcare delivery, accesss to prenatal care and family planning will improve the situation.


New epidemics of infectious diseases often involve health care workers. In this short communication we present a case report of a health care professional who became the first case of influenza H1N1 virus to be notified in the United Arab Emirates. There are several issues related to workplace considerations and general public health, including preventive measures, the need for isolation of the patient, dealing with contacts, return to work, and communication with the workforce.


Introduction: Impact craters represent temporally and stratigraphically distinct events in the geologic record of a planetary surface. They can be used to constrain the local and regional geologic history by combining relative and absolute age estimates for crater materials with observations of cross-cutting relationships between impact craters and other geologic features. Model ages derived for impact crater materials in Hesperia Planum (HP) are providing important temporal constraints on emplacement of the ridged plains material, ridge-forming events, and fluvial modification of the plains. This abstract presents results obtained from analyses of several large impact craters in the Hesperia Planum region. Geologic Setting: Hesperia Planum (> 2 million km in area) is characterized by a high concentration of mare-type wrinkle ridges and ridge rings [1-4]. Most of HP occurs between 1000 and 2000 meters in elevation; Eridania Planitia, located in southeast HP, forms a depression 0 to 1000 m in elevation. Hesperia Planum is stratigraphically significant and has been used to define the base of the Hesperian System [1,5]. Geologic mapping studies at local [6-8] and regional [e.g., 2,9-12] scales have identified areas within HP that do not represent typical "ridged plains." Some areas have been remapped as part of Tyrrhenus Mons, and other areas appear to have been formed or at least modified by fluvial processes. As a result, large areas of ridged plains within HP have been reclassified, suggesting a more complex and diverse geologic history. Approach: This study is compiling crater sizefrequency distribution statistics of materials associated with relatively fresh craters in HP that could serve as important stratigraphic markers. Similar studies in Deuteronilus Mensae [13,14] have provided temporal constraints on the formation of the highland-lowland boundary, fretted terrain development, and emplacement of lobate debris aprons. In this study, we select craters that are greater than 15 km in diameter, isolated from adjacent young craters, display pristine morphologies, and sufficiently covered by high-resolution images. The availability of highresolution images allows us to characterize crater populations at diameters as small as 50 m for determination of relative and absolute ages. The THEMIS daytime IR mosaic (100 m/pixel) serves as the regional base. We use high-resolution CTX (~5 m/pixel) and THEMIS VIS (~18 m/pixel) images to map materials associated with specific craters and identify and measure superposed craters; HiRISE (~1-2 m/pixel) and MOC (~2-12 m/pixel) images are used as needed. Images are imported into ArcGIS for each crater analyzed. The margins of the continuous ejecta blanket, crater rim, and crater floor deposits are mapped, and the diameters of superposed craters are measured. ArcGIS is being used to calculate unit areas and record crater diameters. Crater size-frequency distribution statistics are compiled using the methodology described in [1518]; all craters (D>50 m) on a given surface are counted while avoiding obvious secondary craters and secondary rays, chains, or clusters. These data are plotted on isochrons [16-18] to assess relative age (Martian timestratigraphic age) and estimate absolute age. The production function used to determine the isochrons includes both primaries and a component of "background" secondaries (i.e., secondaries not included in rays, chains or clusters) [16-18]. Cumulative crater statistics (i.e., N(2) and N(5), [7]) are also determined for comparison to statistics compiled in previous geologic mapping studies [1,2,6,7].


Keywords The objectives of this study were to apply different methods for diagnosis of caprine pneumonia and to study the correlation between vitamin D concentration and the immunoglobulin's (IgG, IgM, IgA) in goats up to one year in response to pneumonia. From October 2018 to February 2021, a total of 107 baladi goats were examined; 20 apparently healthy goats used as control group (group I, n=20) and 87 pneumonic Baladi goats were diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms, ultrasonographic, chest x-ray findings. Serum vitamin D, IgG, IgM and IgA levels were also measured. Pneumonic goats (group II, n= 87) were subdivided into two groups according to their vitamin D levels; pneumonic goat with normal vitamin D level (groupII a, n= 38) and pneumonic goat with decreased vitamin D levels (groupIIb, n= 49). Pneumonic goats were presented with fever, dullness, tachypnoea, bilateral mucoid or mucopurulent/purulent nasal discharge, cough, dyspnea and abnormal lung auscultation. Ultrasonography, the pneumonic consolidation exhibits a liver like echotexture. Abnormality in the chest x-ray revealed increased opacity that may be more gray or white and cotton wool like appearance. Pneumonic goats with reduced vitamin D concentration (group IIb) also revealed significantly lower IgG and IgM concentrations in comparison to both group I and group II a. Vitamin D was positively correlated with IgG. Histopathologically, the pneumonic lesions include interstitial pneumonia, acute suppurative bronchopneumonia and acute fibrinous bronchopneumonia. On the basis of all findings, decrease vitamin D level may be important predisposing factors for occurrence of pneumonia in goats up to1years.


This paper investigates the effect of control-loops interactions on power stability limits of the voltage-source converter (VSC) as connected to an ac system. The focus is put on the physical mechanism of the control-loops interactions in the VSC, revealing that interactions among the control loops result in the production of an additional loop. The open-loop gain of the additional loop is employed to quantify the severity of the control-loop interactions. Furthermore, the power current sensitivity, closely related to control-loops interactions, is applied to estimate the maximum transferrable power of the VSC connected to an ac grid. On that basis, stability analysis results show that interactions between dc-link voltage control and phase-locked loop restrict the power angle to about 51° for stable operation with no dynamic reactive power supported. Conversely, the system is capable of approaching the ac-side maximum power transfer limits with alternating voltage control included. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink are conducted to validate the stability analysis.


This paper examined curriculum content, gender, self - efficacy and acquisition of employability skills among business education graduates of universities in Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve the purpose of this study, two research questions and two corresponding hypotheses were formulated as guide for the study. Literature was reviewed in line with th e variables under study. Survey research design was adopted. The population for the study was 987 business education graduates between 2007/2008 and 2014/2015 academic sessions from the University of Calabar (UNICAL) and Cross River University of Technolog y (CRUTECH). The sample of the study was 200 business education graduates drawn purposively using accidental and snowballing sampling techniques. A validated researcher - made four point scale questionnaire titled 'Curriculum Content, Gender, Self - Efficacy and Acquisition of Employability Skills Questionnaire' (CCGSEAESQ) was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by four research experts. A reliability estimate of .72 to .84 was achieved for the instrument using Cronbach Alpha reliability c oefficient after a pilot test. The data obtained from the field was converted into values and analyzed using independent t - test statistical technique. All hypotheses were tested at .05 level of significance. Findings revealed among others that male univer sities graduates exposed to business education curriculum content were significantly different from their female counterparts in their acquisition of employability skills. Based on this, it was recommended that since biologically and genetically, males are distinctively different from the females, business education lecturers should intermittently reduce their pace during lesson delivery and be gender sensitive so as to carry along students with low intelligence quotient taking into cognizance their gender unevenness


PURPOSE: A nano filament structure containing nano filament having constant and strong support is provided. CONSTITUTION: A nano filament structure comprises: a first layer arranged on a substrate; a second layer which is arranged on the first layer and has a gap of nano meter; a catalyst layer between the first and second layers; and a nano filament. The second layer comprises a columnar structure, amorphous structure, and porous structure. The catalyst layer contains nanoparticle, and nanoparticle surrounded with surfactant. The first, second, and catalyst layer are conductive materials.


The passive protection devices TDI, TCDD and TCLI are required to prevent damage to the LHC in case of serious injection failures, in particular of the MKI injection kicker. A detailed particle tracking, taking realistic mechanical, positioning, injection, closed orbit and local optical errors into account, has been used to determine the required settings of the absorber elements to guarantee protection against different MKI failure modes. The expected protection level of the combination of TDI with TCLI, with the new TCLI layout, is presented. Conclusions are drawn concerning the expected damage risk level.


AbstractThere are differences in the choice of cooking fuel in Indonesian households. Some households still not yet used clean fuel for daily cooking, even though clean energy is crucial and included in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study examines the influence of several factors on household's cooking fuel choice using SUSENAS data. This study is based on conceptual framework and theory on several determinant factors, including income, education level of the household head, and energy prices. The testing of the hypothesis used the probit methods. In the estimation results obtained, socioeconomic and demographic factors, namely income, education level of the household head, location of the household in urban areas, positively and significantly impacts the decision to choose clean fuel for cooking. Meanwhile, the price of clean fuel types such as LPG and city gas negatively and significantly impacts the decision to choose clean fuels for cooking in Indonesian households.Keywords: Demographic Factors; Socioeconomics Factors, Energy Prices; Cooking Fuel Choice, Probit


The traditional theories of boiling heat transfer were analyzed, which demonstrated that classical boiling analyses typically employed a linear approach and averaged method. There are many evidences doubting the validity of the available models. Recent advances and new perspective on boiling heat transfer were summarized. Nonlinear sciences introduced into boiling heat transfer bring up new openings.


Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop a new folding method for modeling complicated folded fabric with surfaces of revolution.

Design/methodology/approach
Irregular wrinkles and mesh distortions easily appear in the fold modeling of a complex curved surface. Aimed at this key technical problem, the segmentation mapping folding method (SMFM) is proposed in this paper. First, high-precision flattened planes were obtained by using segmentation mapping techniques. Second, the segmented planes were transformed into a folded and continuous geometric model by using matrix transformations. Finally, initial stress was used to modify the geometric folding errors, which ensured agreement with the inflated flexible fabric's geometry and the original design.

Findings
Compared with the traditional folding method, SMFM has the advantages of good finite-element mesh quality, large radial compression rate, regular folds, etc. The surface area error and the volume error of the inflated single torus established by SMFM were only 1.2 per cent, showing that SMFM has high modeling accuracy. The numerical results of an inflatable re-entry vehicle are presented to demonstrate the reliability, feasibility and applicability of SMFM. Moreover, the stress modification reduced the problems of stress concentration and mesh distortions, improving the accuracy and stability of the numerical calculations.

Originality/value
In this paper, for the first time, a folding method for modeling complicated folded fabric is proposed. This methodology can be used to model the multidimensional compression and regular folds of complex surfaces of revolution that cannot be flattened and to improve the accuracy and stability of the numerical calculations.


This issue inaugurates another volume of the Journal of Agricultural & Food Information. When Amy and I began with Haworth, in January 2003, it was with an initial 3-year commitment. Six years have now flown by, the journal has a new publisher, and Amy has decided to move on to other pursuits. I am continuing as sole editor, with the support of a great Editorial Board. With this issue, Leslie M. Delserone formally joins the Board as the Society of the Quarter Column Editor. Welcome Leslie! This issue includes two articles originally presented in the Food, Agriculture & Nutrition (FAN) Division at the 2008 Special Libraries Association (SLA) Conference in Seattle, Washington. Valrie Davis and Chelsea Dinsmore describe the challenges an agricultural science librarian faces in serving the interdisciplinary needs of today's Family, Youth and Community Sciences Department. Mila M. Ramos, Luz Marina Alvare, Peter Shelton, and Hugo Besemer report on a collaborative project to enhance access to research generated by the 15 Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)-supported international centers, an effort which resulted in the launch of the CGVLibrary, enabling centralized federated searching of the various catalogs and databases, with hyperlinks to full-text CGIAR documents. Two additional articles round out the issue: Part 2 of Tony Stankus' comprehensive review of the literature concerning conjugated linoleic acids (with a specific aim of increasing CLA levels in meat as a "value-added," functional foods strategy) and A. J. Farinde and A. P. Atteh's analysis of farmers' willingness to pay for extension services in Niger State, Nigeria—a study which concluded that participation in private funding initiatives could succeed, depending on perceived economic benefits and relevance. Columns profile the American Wine Society, broilers as a commodity, and the Farm Sanctuary; and the "Book and Internet Reviews" section evaluates three new foodand ag-related publications. Enjoy the issue!


In order to assess the relative trophic importance of the spotted velvetfish in Changjiang Estuary and adjacent sea in summer,carbon(δ~(13)C) and nitrogen(δ~(15)N) stable isotope ratios were determined in spotted velvetfish and its potential food sources.Based on an organism's stable isotope ratios are an integration of the isotopic signatures of food sources that have been assimilated through time.The δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N values showed that the spotted velvetfish's food sources were composed of plankton 900 μm,Leptochela gracilis,common squid,Lantern cuttlefish,Beka squid, Common Japanese squid,larvae and juvenile and Japanese sand shrimp.plankton 900 μm was the most important food source,accounting for 69%-75% of the total food by weight.Food proportion of the spotted velvetfish varied among different classes of sizes.Cluster analysis dived the body lengths of the spotted velvetfish into two groups according to stable isotope ratios,60 mm and 60 mm,respectively.The food proportion of the plankton 900 μm was 68%-87% to 75%-88% for the 60 mm to 60 mm,while the proportions of larvae and juvenile,mollusk,Crustaceans to the larger group have a degree of increasing.The proportions of all food sources showed that plankton 900 μm was the most important prey,while others were eaten occasionally by the spotted velvetfish.If the production of plankton 900 μm decrease in some cases,the spotted velvetfish would increase the other food proportion,sharing the large size food with other organisms,which would decrease the production of high trophic level organisms or shorten the length of food chain.


Handled well, public relations can be as precise as advertising in reaching its target audience and achieving the desired goal. Careful planning and professional execution of a media relations campaign can, moreover, ensure that it is far more persuasive and cost-effective than an advertising campaign. In this guide, David Wraff takes the reader step by step through the practicalities of achieving effective media relations, such as public relations techniques; using media relations as a precise tool; matching the media and the organization; establishing relationships with the press; seizing opportunities; making the most of photography; the role of features; planning and co-ordination; assessing the results of media coverage; and containing costs through effective targeting. In the current economic climate when editorial space is at a premium, this book is particularly relevant. By adopting the methods described here, PR professionals are more likely to achieve their goal of getting cost-effective results from a well-planned and targeted campaign.


In cognitive radio network(CRN), a secondary user(SU) may utilize the spectrum resource of the primary user(PU) and avoid causing harmful interference to the primary network(PN) via spectrum sensing. In the traditional time spectrum sensing, the SU cannot detect the PU's presence during its transmission, thus increasing interference to the PN. In this work, a novel weighed cooperative bandwidth spectrum sensing method is proposed, which allows multiple SUs to use part of the bandwidth to perform cooperative spectrum sensing throughout the whole frame in order to detect the PU's reappearance in time. The SU's spectrum efficiency is maximized by jointly optimizing sensing bandwidth proportion, number of cooperative SUs and detection probability, subject to the constraints on the SU's interference and the false alarm probability. Simulation results show significant decrease on the interference and improvement on the spectrum efficiency using the proposed weighed cooperative bandwidth spectrum sensing method.


Interannual change of summer temperature in Qingdao was analyzed based on the monthly average temperature data during June and August in 1951—2010by using the method of principal component analysis and cluster analysis through SAS software.According to principal component analysis,the first principal component was the summary of summer temperature departure in Qingdao.The positive(negative)direction reflected the positive(negative)anomaly of temperature and the strength reflected its degree.The second principal component reflected the temperature difference among each month of the same year.The larger the absolute value of the second principal component was,the greater the temperature difference among each month was.Cluster analysis showed that the change of average monthly temperature in summer in Qingdao could be divided into three categories.The first type was that the temperature was low in June and July and warmed up in August.The second type was that the average temperature in July was the highest while in June and August it was relatively low.The third category was that the temperature in June was low and it got high in both July and August.The year of 1993and 2003were of the first type,2005of the second type and the other years of the third type.


The 2005 Utah Disability Law Center Report is summarized. A case study approach is used to examine/determine whether conditions have improved or not for physically handicapped and/or mentally/psychologically impaired individuals involved in Utah's legal system , in general, and Duchesne County's legal system, in particular, since the report was issued in 2005. The main conclusion is that conditions are worse than those reported in 2005 for Duchesne County.


Example embodiments provide a method of receiving packets, the control means receiving a first packet forwarding plane surface of the transmitting apparatus according to the present invention; means a first control plane message to obtain a first field associated with the first packet according to a first Unlike any field a field in the packet header of the first packet; means for generating a control plane forwarding entry, the forwarding matching entry domain comprises a first field; means for transmitting control plane to the forwarding plane update instruction means update instruction comprising forwarding entry, update instruction means for causing the forwarding plane in the update instruction forwarding entry to the forwarding plane forwarding device. Further, embodiments of the present invention further provides a method of transmitting packet and a corresponding apparatus. By the above aspect, the control means generating a plane forwarding matching entry domain may contain the fields other than the fields in the packet header to forward packets transmitted from the surface.


Project performance has gained prominence as a distinctive concept in management that is used in driving the objectives of the business alongside the economic agenda of a country that is still developing like Kenya. The current environment of business is characterized by various turbulences and cut throat competitive forces. These dynamics and competition are triggered by changes in technology, globalization, customers who are additionally requesting and more elevated levels of vulnerability which have resulted in challenges in organizational administration than previously. In some cases, the project deliverables fail even before they are handed over to the project sponsor while many others fail during the project liability period. Delays in completion, upward revaluation of project costs, poor quality workmanships and premature termination of major government projects are common phenomena in Kenya and are a major concern to researchers, project sponsors, contractors and other stakeholders and cast a major doubt whether the government is able to guarantee value for money to the taxpayers. It was on this background that this examination expected to survey the effect of managing of risk tools on performance of project at Kenya Airport Authority. The study specifically ascertained the effect of risk identification, risk reporting, risk analysis and risk control on project performance at Kenya Airport Authority. Systems theory, goal orientation and contingency theories were utilized to reinforce the research. The examination plan for this investigation was descriptive. The research population was made up of 281 staff which were from KAA projects' board division that have been dealing with various ventures at KAA throughout the previous 5 years. From this population, a sample of 141 staff was considered. The research relied on primary data collected through administering of the questionnaires. The analysis of research data was on the premised on inferential and descriptive (multiple regression analysis). Ethical considerations were duly complied with throughout the research. The study found that risk identification had significant effect on project performance at Kenya Airport Authority. The study found that risk reporting significantly affects project performance at Kenya Airport Authority. The study also found that risk analysis significantly contributes to project performance at Kenya Airport Authority. The study also documented that risk control is significant in predicting the project performance at Kenya Airport Authority. The study recommended that Kenya Airports Authority should put in place adequate institutional framework for effective identification of risks associated with projects. The study Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing Journal of Entrepreneurship & Project management Volume 5||Issue 1||Page 45-63||February||2021| Email: firstname.lastname@example.com ISSN: 2616-8464 46 recommended that effective risk reporting channels be put in place so as to ensure timely communication of identified risks to management. It is further recommended that Kenya Airport Authority provides enabling environment for proper risk analyses. The study further recommended that effective tools for risk control should be put in place by Kenya Airport Authority.


In the development of miniature opening and closing mechanism, piezoelectric element has been used as its actuator. This mechanism, however, tends to become larger and complicated as it needs a mechanism for displacement enlargement because of the infinitesimal output displacement. Therefore, an attempt applying buckling phenomenon of long column to the opening and closing mechanism has been made. An elastic member with a long strip shape was bent in the shape of M character, both ends fixed and the V-shaped common portion at the centre constituted to do reciprocating and translational drive. As a result, a simple miniature gripper with large rate of bending displacement at the finger tip to a translational displacement at the centre, namely the enlargement rate of the displacement G, has been developed. In this study, in addition to the development of element technologies for product, increasing of the rate of gripping force F to driving tensile force P on the finger, that is, gripping efficiency Z was aimed. The results obtained are as follows. (1) Hinge joints on supporting portions at both ends or the mid common portion of the fingers decrease initial load P0 beginning to grip. They, however, little contribute to the improvement of Z. Reduction of P0 is advantageous in energy. (2) Crossing an operating member at the centre in the shape of X character so as to enlarge an angle of the operating members to the finger increases Z. G, however, decreases, so that the angle should be decided based on the object. (3) Free support of an intermediate portion on a lateral surface of the finger allows the change of Z. When bending deformation outside at the centre in length of the finger is restrained, Z increases by about 2 times.


This article attempts to clarify the question of what the essential difference between the optimal and "clipped-optimal" control is that the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman or Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaacs partial differential equation is linear or nonlinear. An adaptive optimal control based on policy iteration to the constrained semi-active vehicle suspension system with a magnetorheological damper is presented. The problem of improving the optimal performance of semi-active control suspension system is converted to L2-gain optimal control problem. A two-player policy iteration scheme is employed to solve the Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaacs equation by use of neural networks to approximate optimal policies and value functions in the admissible global region. Simulation results demonstrate that the adaptive optimal controlled semi-active vehicle suspension system outperforms greater than that of the clipped-LQR controlled.


The invention relates to a battery storage system (10) for use in battery-powered electric vehicle systems comprising at least one energy storage module (11) and at least one power storage module (13) which is connected in series with the energy storage module (11). The energy storage module (11) comprises at least one battery cell (12) of a first type and the power storage module (13) at least one battery cell (14) of a second type that is different from the first type. An intermediate circuit voltage (U Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for individual adjustment of the power and energy content of a battery storage system (10) for use in a battery-powered electric vehicle system.


Cognitive linguistics proposes that metaphor not only is a special way of language use,but practically functions as an access of human beings to the unknown world.Hence the three-dimensional organism of metaphor combined with language,way of thinking and culture.The study on the similarities and differences between English and Chinese metaphors can simultaneously be carried on based on the cognitive features of metaphors.The generative idea and the language structure of metaphors are the same;while different cultures bring about the differences between metaphors.


In this study, a new informative prior is developed for the scale parameter of the mixture of Laplace distribution when data is censored and can be used to model various real world problems. The basic proposal is to merge both informative and non-informative priors for improvement of prior information. There are many real world problems in which investigator has different opinion than prior information e.g. one doctor provides information that the harmfulness of medicine is 20% and another chemist observes the chemical combination of medicine and thinks that medicine is harmful 30% due to one element, so if we combine both doctor and chemist opinion as a prior our analysis will improve. An inclusive simulation scheme including a large number of parameter is followed to highlight properties and behavior of the estimates in terms of sample size, censoring rate and proportion of the component of the mixture. A simulated mixture data with censored observations is generated by probabilistic mixing for computational purposes. Elegant closed form expressions for the Bayes estimators and their posterior risk are derived for the censored sample as well as for the complete sample. Some interesting comparison and properties of the estimates are observed and presented. The complete sample expressions for ML estimates and for their variances are derived and also the components of the information matrix are constructed as well. The Elicitation of hyper-parameters of mixture through prior predictive approach and a real-life mixture data example has also been discussed. The Bayes estimates are evaluated under squared error loss function and precautionary loss function.


Objective:①To observe the effect of autotraction on lumbar intervertebral space in normal persons from different angles; ②To exlpore the effect of autotraction on blood pressure and pulse in normal persons from different angles, and then determine the safety of autotraction therapy. Method:Twenty healthy students were chosen from a nursing school. Before autotraction, L-Spine LAT were obtained. Then the traction bed was tilted up to 60°slowly. The participant was hanged off the bed and autotractioned by gravity. The traction lasted 20 minutes. L-Spine LAT was taken immediately after the traction. The procedure was repeated 5 days later with the same method, just tilting the traction bed to 90°. Result:The width of each lumbar intervertebral space after autotraction with the angle of 60°and 90°increased to different extents compared with that before autotraction. There was significant difference(P0.05). The width of each lumbar intervertebral space after autotraction with the angle of 60°changed a little compared with that after autotraction with the angle of 90°(P0.05).Conclusion:Autotraction with the angle of 60° and 90° increase the lumbar intervertebral space and there is no significant elevation of BP and pulse. There is no significant difference of the therapeutic effects between autotraction with two angles.


In pit mining metallic mines, the classification of the developed ores, ores locked out, and stoping ground ores differs from mine to mine. The author discussed the terms and put forward a unitive classifying method for metallic mines.


In this study, the effects of using black carbon obtained as a recycling product from waste vehicle tires for stabilization of a road base floor on flexible road superstructure layer thickness and cost were investigated. Firstly, the properties of black carbon were determined by experimenting with weak soil sieve analysis, hydrometer consistency limits, and pycnometer test. Secondly, various mass ratios (2.5%, 5%, 10%,15%,20%) of black carbon were added to the mixture of stabilization samples. Pure and mixture samples were experimented with by using a proctor test according to the ASTM D698 standards. After 1 and 7 days curing period, they were experimented with under an unconfined compression test according to the ASTM D2166 standards. Experimental results showed that the highest strength values were obtained from the mass ratio of the 10% black carbon mixture sample. These samples were experimented with under a CBR test according to the ASTM D1883 standards after 1 and 7 days curing period. CBR value; It was determined that it increased 1.28 times at the end of 1 day of cure and 1.77 times after 7 days of cure. Using these CBR values, according to the AASHTO 1993 method; flexible road superstructure layer thicknesses were designed and their costs were evaluated. As a result of the calculations; It was determined that in case of improvement with 10% C by applying 1 and 7 days cure, the superstructure costs decreased by 5.13% and 14.37%, respectively.


We report Pd‐ and Ni‐catalysed, guided and regioselective CH arylations of a series of fused 3‐nitropyridines. The method described here is a facile tool for the chemical functionalisation of drug‐like fused pyridines. The scope and limitations of the reaction, the chemical potential of the nitro group and a putative reaction mechanism are discussed.


The methodology of using the comibination of high-order overmoded slow-wave structure (SWS) and multiple sheet electron beams to increase the output power of traveling-wave tubes or backward-wave oscillators operating in the terahertz-band is presented in this paper. In this paper, recent studies regarding high-order overmoded (HOOM) SWS based multiple sheet electron beam devices at the Shenzhen University have been presented. To realize such an idea, we have so far proposed several kinds of novel HOOM SWS and HOOM power coupling structures. Simulation and measurement results demonstrated that they have achieved good performace.


An improved semi-empirical formula including isospin effects for α decay and cluster radioactivity half-lives is proposed based on the WKB barrier penetrability. Compared with the original formula, a nuclear potential with an isospin related Woods-Saxon form is considered in total potentialenergyoftheradioactivesysteminthepresentwork. It is found that the inclusion of the isospin correlation term improves the agreement of the theoretical results of half-lives and the experimental data. Moreover, a statistical analysis is performed for the experimental detected cluster radioactivity. Predictions for α decay half-lives together with the branching ratio between the α decay and cluster emissions are proposed for some unknown superheavy nuclei with Z = 118, 120, 122, and 124 using this improved semi-empirical formula.


Characteristics of a C6116-02-N2 type combustion-driven CO2 gasdynamic laser, which should be a radiation heating simulator for re-entry of a planetary probe and AOTV, are experimentally and theoretically investigated. Small-signal gain coefficients are obtained for supersonic nozzle expansion ratios of 5, 7.5, 10, 15 and 20. The result shows : 1) qualitative agreement is obtained between the present measurements and the numerical analysis, 2) the small-signal gain grows as the nozzle expansion ratio is increased, and 3) there exists an optimum plenum pressure for small-signal gain coefficient under a certain expansion ratio of supersonic nozzle.


Carbon nanospheres (CNSs) are prepared with natural gas as a carbon source. The resulting sample as an anode material for LIBs delivers a reversible capacity of 552 mA h g−1 at a current density of 0.05 A g−1 with an initial coulombic efficiency of 68%. Moreover, the rate capability is evaluated at different current densities from 0.05 to 5 A g−1, and the coulombic efficiency can still be maintained above 90% after 300 cycles.


Multiple-partite networks exist in the real world, such as engineering constructions consisted of workers and machines. We build up random multiple-partite network models and show their topological properties by means of well-known methods appeared in the Barabási-Albert model. We find some new characters of the Barabási-Albert model and BA-type models, and show a connection between the degree distribution P(k) and the cumulative distribution Pcum(k), and discuss the velocities of the models for the goal of classifying network models.


e21567Background: Phase II randomized trials suggest that stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) improves progression-free and overall survival in patients with oligometastatic cancer, with phas...


Abstract : This Graduate Management Project (GMP) developed a regional method the TRICARE Southwest staff can use to obtain and evaluate community-level disease-specific data on eligible beneficiaries using TRICARE in both military and civilian settings. The first step divided the region into manageable data collection areas or communities, geographically determined by eligible beneficiary population concentration. The second identified information systems through which one can gather community-level and disease-specific data. Through DEERS, one can obtain demographic data for all Region 6 communities. Disease-specific MTF and CHAMPUS data were collected through CEIS in three sample communities, using the ICD-9 codes for one sample disease/illness. The third step determined potential community and regional benefits to obtaining, evaluating and proliferating this data. This GMP resulted in the identification of recommendations for the three sample communities, to include targeting the frequently presenting patients for case management efforts, improving coding accuracy, encouraging' comprehensive and planned care rather than emergency driven care and assessing CHAMPUS disease-specific costs in the community. This GMP also identified one method Region 6 can use to proliferate community-level disease-specific patterns and best practices throughout the region.


The internationalisation of higher education (HE) is a salient development and is regularly discussed at both institutional and system levels. In recent years, internationalisation has generated much policy-related, academic and institutional research. In this special issue we present examples of how HE researchers are beginning to undertake a broader range of studies related to the internationalisation of their sector, going far beyond the traditional (and much researched) focus on the commercial aspects of international HE (particularly international recruitment). Although the term 'internationalisation' means different things to different people. in different contexts, there is a growing recognition of the need to 'rethink' internationalisation to take account of these multiple perspectives and different meanings of the concept. Hudzik (2011) has called for a 'comprehensive' conceptualisation of internationalisation that is broader in scope and scale than traditional approaches and that can operate as an organising paradigm for institutions and sub-units. This conception goes beyond the dualistic 'internationalisation at home' and 'internationalisation abroad' categories that have traditionally been used in the field (Knight 2008). This wide-ranging conception is far-removed from commercial approaches that have both shaped and responded to human mobility needs and fuelled fierce competition in the international student and staff recruitment markets. This broadening of the internationalisation paradigm is also reflected in recent research, which has begun to focus in more detail on improving the quality of teaching and learning in an increasingly international and global HE environment. We are starting to witness a growing interest in research that seeks to explore ways in which international teaching-learning spaces in HE can be more inclusive and pedagogically compatible with the increasingly multicultural nature of these new learning spaces. This special issue provides a collection of articles from arguably some of the most passionate researchers in this emerging area of internationalisation and globalisation of HE. The articles provide a clear sense of the shift in Compare, 2013 Vol. 43, No. 1, 1–8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2013.746545


Christelle Beranger, Martinique This year Life+ Cap DOM was once again represented at Menigoute ! On the programme for the 2011 meeting were two lectures on Martinique, an exhibition "Birds of overseas, our shared nature" and a short film on the biodiversity of the overseas territories. Christelle Beranger, Project leader for Life+ Cap DOM, responds to questions on Radio Gâtine:


This article aims to analyze the role of intellectuals in times of a global pandemic, whereby their discourse is assumed as a counterbalance to the hegemony of experts. It takes as a case study several exemplar speeches by Noam Chomsky, linguist and political activist, which were produced since the beginning of March 2020 regarding Covid-19. We will try to show that what marks Chomsky's discourse is related to the ethos (Maingueneau 2020) of an "intellectual engagement" (Bourdieu 2003). Within the universe of possibilities for choosing intellectuals' speeches, who are not necessarily convergent on topics affecting the world, and who, in general, don't talk about the same things, we chose to circumscribe our research on a specific intellectual: Noam Chomsky. In our view, he is an actual example of "intellectual action", representing properly "the relations between intellectuals and power" (Bobbio 1997). Therefore, it is necessary to understand the statements of intellectuals like Chomsky in moments of global uncertainty, and as a discourse of a different nature that stands against the experts' power in major media corporations or in government technocracy. Thus, far from wanting to exhaust the possibilities of interpreting the role of the wider category of intellectuals during the pandemic, our proposal is to outline the main points of how an intellectual like Chomsky has been developing and taking the same political positions since the beginning of his activism, in the 1960s, which refers to a type of intellectual engagement similar to that taken since the Dreyfus Affair. In the Dreyfus Affair we have an "inaugural archetype" of the concept of an "engaged intellectual" (Bourdieu 2003, p. 73–74), from which the one who has social capital as an erudite, a scientist or a writer, comes out publicly criticizing the established powers and denounces crimes committed by "the reasons of State" (Chomsky 1973). Therefore, we understand that Chomsky comes from a lineage whose representatives are inserted into a form of intellectual activism; a lineage that became known as "the century of intellectuals" (Winock 2000), the intellectual conceived as the one who "tells the truth", as Chomsky (1996, p. 55) himself define the "intellectual's responsibility": "At one level, the answer is too easy: the intellectual responsibility of the writer, or any decent person, is to tell the truth." On the one hand, there is a patent argument of authority behind the experts, based on a "scientific discourse", but, on the other hand, there is a kind of "moral commitment to the truth" behind the intellectuals' discourse that becomes a "deeper criticism".  That is, a holistic view to ponder, in the case of Covid-19, the humanitarian problems created due to the pandemic, but also to think about relating this crisis to previous and further geopolitical reasons, from a freer position, not committed to companies and States. This position of the intellectual engagement is idealized in opposition to the "normal science discourse": the genre of the scientific discourse is produced under official means; it is plastered, blunted, does not allow the spokespeople of science to speak beyond what their research allows. In other words, the scientific experts are inscribed in discursive structures of "scenes of enunciation" (Maingueneau, 2006) that don't permit them to surpass the barriers of "objectiveness" and enter the field of moral judgment. Seeking to understand how Chomsky acts as an engaged intellectual during the pandemic, we searched his political network and the media in which he is involved. From that, we chose our corpus of analysis, selected from Noam Chomsky's innumerous speeches to a left-wing or clearly progressive press during the first months of Covid-19 pandemic in the form of interviews from March to June: an interview to Michael Brooks (2020), at the Jacobin Magazine (Brooks, M. 2020); an interview with his longtime interviewer, David Barsamian (2020), an Armenian-American journalist and political activist, published on the website Literary Hub; an interview with the British socialist newspaper Morning Star (2020); two interviews he gave to Amy Goodman (2020a, 2020b) for the American journal Democracy Now; an interview with the Croatian philosopher Srecko Horvat (2020), from which we will use only the parts of the transcript that we found published by Al Jazeera and not the video; an interview to the writer Chris Brooks to the magazine Labor Notes, channel for the proletarian movement; an interview to Cristina Magdaleno (2020) for the Euroactiv, a non-profit organization for democracy in European Union, as well as an interview Chomsky and Robert Pollin gave to C. J. Polychroniou (2020). We believe that through this corpus it is possible to cover the vast majority of Chomsky's speeches on the Covid-19 pandemic, centered on media where Chomsky usually features and that name themselves as having a more progressive bias. We assume that what gives Chomsky's speech authority to talk about the pandemic, to be invited multiple times to do so, is not his expertise in the subject; it is not his background in epidemiology studies, which he lacks, neither his linguistics theories, that do not relate to the topic, but his image as a great surviving intellectual. It's to say, what authorizes Chomsky to speak and, therefore, to make his contribution to the studies of this pandemic situation, is not what interests the State, or what would lead the actions of government officials, as they are in general centered on the discourse of experts. Instead, it is his trajectory as a critic without corporate scruples, engaged in telling another kind of "truth", as one that can discuss and propose a different future for humanity. So, with this article we intended to produce a discussion about the following problem: the type of discourse raised by Chomsky is not that of government experts, men of science who must anchor themselves in statistical studies on disease proliferation curves, researchers who need to give prevention guidelines or economists who provide "get out of the crisis" scenarios. In other words, differently from a biologist, a disease proliferation specialist or a market administrator, Chomsky conceives the pandemic beyond Covid-19, as a long-term crisis, which will cover economic, social and environmental aspects of much greater proportions. In short, with this article we seek to understand how Chomsky assumes himself as a spokesman for all of humanity and how he constructs this position discursively.  He is concerned with "bigger problems", not diminishing the dangers of the Covid-19 pandemic, but insisting on the fact that global warming and the economic crisis created by the debacle of neoliberalism, as well as nuclear war menaces, are much greater threats to human species survival and the maintenance of the planet. We also bring an overview of three important intellectuals who also acted and contributed their reflections on the Covid-19 pandemic during its inception. They are Judith Butler, Giorgio Agamben, and Byung-Chul Han. The purpose of incorporating these distinct views is, in the first instance, to compare to what extent they may resemble the Chomskyan discourse, but also to show how intellectual discourse is constructed in times of a global pandemic in the face of the discourses of health experts or specialists who occupy the spaces of intellectual speech authority.


Spherical harmonic analysis of the geomagnetic field is usually done by using the method of least squares in conjunction with a truncated spherical harmonic series. The results obtained are very dependent on the weighting used, the distribution of the observational data and the degree of truncation, especially for shallow sources that give rise to high harmonics. This research note discusses the inter-play between weighting and truncation by using simple sources for which the precise coefficients are known.


Introduction 1 Desirable Characteristics of a Sovereign Insolvency Regime 5 Experiences in Low-Income Countries 6 The Initial Model: Temporary and Short-Term Relief 6 The Current Model for Low-Income Countries: the "Fresh Start" 8 Further Reforms and Loose Ends 10 Experiences in Market-Access Countries 12 From Syndicated Bank Loans to Bonds and Collective Action Clauses 12 Market Based Swaps as a Mechanism for Restructuring 15 Conclusion: More Powerful Instruments are Needed 17 References 20


e23155 Background: Rural cancer patients have limited access to symptom management specialists. OASIS is an 8-week, web-based intervention addressing this access gap by providing the right symptom management to the right patients at the right time. This feasibility study seeks to describe recruitment and retention patterns and evaluate symptom severity, distress, and interference at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Methods: Eligibility included: advanced cancer diagnosis, > 18 years old, and living in small town or rural area. Reasons for non-enrollment and dropout were collected. Descriptive statistics were calculated to evaluate recruitment and retention rates along with symptom severity and interference at each time point. The mean severity and distress scores using the 0-10 NRS of the five symptoms with the highest rating was computed for each time point (i.e., baseline, week 4, and week 8). By averaging the five highest rated symptoms, we evaluated the worst symptoms the individual is experiencing at each data point. Results: Fifty-nine people were approached about the study over 18 months, 38 people signed consents, 12 dropped before completing baseline questionnaires, and 9 completed baseline questionnaires but did not start the intervention. Seventeen people completed baseline questionnaires and started the intervention. The recruitment rate was 66%, the retention rates were 50% and 33% at 4 and 12 weeks.Reasons for drop out included lack of bothersome symptoms, too busy, and generally overwhelmed. Mean age of sample was 62 years and majority men (62.5%). Fatigue (M = 6.4), drowsiness (M = 5.4), numbness/tingling (M = 4.4), and sleep disturbance (M = 4.4) were the most severe symptoms at baseline. Mean symptom severity was M = 3.03 and mean interference was M = 2.53 at baseline. For participants who received the full OASIS-WN intervention, between baseline and week 8, the mean interference rating decreased by 1.6±2.1 points (p = .019), mean severity and distress ratings for the five worst symptoms decreased by 1.72±1.72 (p = .004) and 2.2±2.4 (p = .006), respectively. Conclusions: Symptom severity, distress, and interference improved for participants who received the full intervention. Reasons for early drop out suggest symptom management ought to be provided when the situation is optimal for learning. Future research will evaluate the efficacy of OASIS.