This paper tells the story of how a group of staff and students set out to establish a subersive teaching and learning project: Student as Producer, within a neoliberal university in England. Faced with the recuperation of its radical practice, the paper recounts how staff and students involved with Student as Producer moved outside of the university to set up a cooperative form of higher education: the Social Science Centre, Lincoln, where students can attain higher education awards without the burden of debt, along with the experience of running a workers' cooperative. This subversive practice is grounded in a Marxist 'critique of value', underpinned by a politics of abolition based on the work of Thomas Mathiesen (1974). The paper concludes that it is possible and necessary to create new dissident institutions 'in and against' the organisational forms of capitalist society as the embodiment of revolutionary theory.


This paper outlines prevention strategies using mar keting techniques in the area of intrafamilial child sexual abuse for the Hispanic community. Data from a study of child sexual abuse in the hispanic community are presented. These data point out a few of the sociocultural similarities and differences between Hispanic and non-Hispanic cases. The paper suggests the use of broadcast media, Spanish language formats targeting audiences, and the use of spokespersons as factors in prevention program development.


Effects of environmental dielectric materials on cross-polarized excitons of semiconducting carbon nanotubes are theoretically studied in an effective-mass scheme. When a nanotube is surrounded by a medium, the bright exciton, shifted to the high-energy side by depolarization effect, becomes weaker and disappears with the increase of the dielectric constant. When a nanotube contains a medium inside, the bright exciton becomes more eminent. The dark exciton, brightened due to electron-hole asymmetry, is enhanced with the increase of the dielectric constant both for outside and inside materials. Consequently, the relative intensity of the brightened dark exciton normalized by the bright exciton is strongly enhanced by environmental screening, in particular, for outside materials.


As pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of one or more MDR inhibitors matches the PK structure of one or more active drugs, one or one or more active drugs method of treating a patient exposed to or more MDR inhibitors comprising administering a comprising at curing with, or preventing the development of multidrug resistance (MDR), or or MDR occurs MDR .


Renewable sources of energy such as wind, have been focus of many studies in recent years. The clean and economic nature of renewable resources makes them very appealing candidates for the future's energy planning, however the uncertain nature of them makes the integration process complicated. One method of dealing with this uncertainty is to use new storage technologies and the other way is to procure reserve dedicated to these renewable sources of energy. This paper suggests a method for wind producers to buy reserve from other non-renewable sources to mitigate the uncertainty. This paper investigates the usage of Black and Scholes mathematical model not only for pricing the options but also for estimating the amount of possible errors in wind energy forecast for a future time span. As far as the authors are aware of, such a novel approach has not yet been investigated. This method utilizes the concept of historic volatility in finance and introduces the historic volatility of wind energy which can be used for wind energy forecast error estimation. Further to the authors' previous research on the use of "binomial tree" as both financial and energy forecast model, this research applies the Black and Scholes model and reports on the advantages of the latter.


With congressional partisanship at record highs and congressional approval ratings at record lows, the federal government's so-called "first branch" should consider reform. Two recent white papers (one analyzing the House;1 the other, the Senate2) cast light on the nature of the admittedly complex problem. Together this research suggests that a significant amount of power has shifted to the chambers' leaders. The legislature has shifted from a "transformative legislature," which generates and develops legislation, toward an "arena," which functions to display political clashes or position-taking on externally generated legislation.


The author contends that the proposed IEEE Std 519 has more constraints than its 1981 predecessor. The new standard has distortion limits for power producers. The table has been expanded to list three entries for maximum individual harmonic voltage distortion based on the bus voltage at the point of common coupling. Current distortion limits are given. The table lists twenty-five entries for maximum individual current distortion and five entries for total demand distortion. These distortion limits are based on the short circuit current at the point of common coupling and the maximum demand load current. An analysis of a power system evaluated using the 1981 standard is made based on the proposed standard.<<ETX>>


Abstract The motion of diatomic ions in moderately dense fluids under the action of an electrostatic field is studied through a nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation method. The method simulates the motion of the ions and the fluid molecules that constitute their immediate environment. Thus, effectively, the dissipation of the excess energy of the ions is reproduced leading to steady drift motion. Results revealed the effect of the fluid density on mobility, ion-effective temperatures and diffusion coefficients parallel and perpendicular to the field at various field strengths for a model diatomic ion in Ar. Extension of the method to dense fluids and to polyatomic ions and neutral molecules is discussed.


The survey of diseases what were epidemic in some region can be very useful to the work historiographical. An epidemic outbreak, generally, causes in the social group, impacts relevant depending on the layer social that affect. And, moreover, the relations established between disease and society depend on the mentality of an era, in other words, these relations are historical. In this article, it is intended, through documentary sources as chairman of the provincial reports and news stories, show how the diseases can be largely ignored or opposed by the public power in accordance with the interests in vogue. Here will be analyzed the smallpox and the yellow fever on capital of Santa Catarina and in the country, so extensive during the late nineteenth century, the early years of the Brazilian Republic.


This paper deals with the problem of function approximation from a given set of input/output (I/O) data. The problem consists of analyzing training examples, so that we can predict the output of a model given new inputs. We present a new approach for solving the problem of function approximation of I/O data using Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNNs) and Genetic Algorithms (GAs). This approach is based on a new efficient method of optimizing RBFNNs parameters using GA, this approach uses GA to optimize centres c and radii r of RBFNNs, such that each individual of the population represents centres and radii of RBFNNs. Singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to optimize weights w of RBFNNs. The GA initial population performed by using Enhanced Clustering Algorithm for Function Approximation (ECFA) to initialize the RBF centres c and k-nearest neighbor to initialize the radii r. The performance of the proposed approach has been evaluated on cases of one and two dimensions. The results show that the function approximation using GA to optimize RBFNNs parameters can achieve better normalizedroot-mean square-error than those achieved by traditional algorithms.


This paper investigates spatiotemporal feature extraction from temporal image sequences based on invariance representation. Invariance representation is one of important functions of the visual cortex. We propose a novel hierarchical model based on invariance and independent component analysis for spatiotemporal feature extraction. Training the model from patches sampled from natural scenes, we can obtain image basis with properties of translational, scaling, and rotational features. Further experiments on TV videos and facial image sequences show different characteristics of spatiotemporal features are achieved by training the proposed model. All these computer simulations verify that our proposed model is successful for spatiotemporal feature extraction.


This article introduces the texts of Manchu shamanistic prayers recorded in a manuscript by Sergei A. Polevoi, a Russian and an American Sinologist from the first part of the twentieth century. The Manchu original text of these prayers (but not the Polevoi's variant) was recently published by Ye (2018), which, however lacks detailed linguistic analysis. Polevoi's texts are in the slightly outdated romanization of Manchu with no linguistic analysis, translation, and commentary that are provided below by the author. While this publication will be of minor interest to the specialists on Manchu shamanism, it would be important to linguists specializing in the Manchu and Tungusic languages and philology, as the text reflects in all probability the eighteenth century Manchu preserved in romanization, and, therefore priceless for the linguistic analysis.


Treating pain in burn patients with a history of opioid or drug abuse is challenging. There is no consensus on pain management for burn patients with a history of drug usage. Our aim was to study the association of previous drug addiction and the treatment of acute burn patients, focusing on daily morphine milligram equivalent (MME) requirements and outcomes. We compared patients with (group 1) and without (group 2) a drug addiction history who were admitted to an American Burn Association verified burn center using the Premier database from 2013 to 2018 (n = 3046). Primary outcome was daily MME usage. Secondary outcomes included mortality, expected mortality rate, length of stay (LOS), and number of surgeries. Linear regression was performed to predict MME usage. In total, 16.6% of patients had history of drug abuse. In unadjusted analysis, group 1 had more males (68.1% vs. 57.3%, p < 0.001) and was younger (median 47 vs. median 53, p < 0.001) compared to group 2. In the adjusted analysis, group 1 required 84.1 additional daily MME usage than group 2 (p < 0.01). Drug addiction was associated with an increased number of surgeries, LOS, and higher daily MME usage. Patients with a history of drug usage required almost 60 mg of additional oxycodone per day.


This paper tryes understand the state of mind originated by the tension produced by the contardictions of an old society of contrasts an the obsolescence of the structures created by the conquest in the rural areas of the Andes. We also have tryed to relate the colonial peace in the XVIIth century the great crisis of the XVIIlth century which could be considered as the prologue of the independence.


Elastography is used to map the local elasticity of tissue. It can detect areas inside the body with a different elasticity from that of surrounding tissue indicative of pathologies like tumors. Shear wave elastography imaging produces an elasticity map by analyzing the propagation of shear waves. One source of shear wave is the acoustic radiation force produced by ultrasound. The prediction of the acoustic radiation force and of the shape and amplitude of the ensuing shear displacement is crucial. In this study, we present simulations of the radiation force produced by an ultrasound transducer and of the shear displacement it produces using the software package "k-wave." Results from simulations in a homogeneous and isotropic medium are compared against analytical solutions and results from a finite element modeling software. The obtained shear displacements from k-wave are very similar to the analytical solution with a root mean square error around the focal zone below 9% and 21% for short and large pro...


A method for analyzing the topological relation of any two peptide fragments in a protein structure is given by making analogy of the two fragments with a braid. Knotted relations are analyzed by calculating polynomials for the two fragments separately and for the two as a whole, respectively. Twisting is calculated from the writhe number, which is a measure to the internal relative rotation during formation of the protein structure. Statistical analysis on the internal rotations of all known structures found that the relative rotation like a one-dimensional random walk with decreasing step lengths.


The effect of uniaxial tensile stress on the atomic structure and relief of the subsurface layer of molybdenum ribbons has been studied. The destruction of the Mo (100) face with the formation of crystallites was revealed near the crack tip. At the same time, the block structures are found to rotate both in the lateral plane and in its perpendicular plane. The surface layer structure in the lateral plane of the ribbon is fragmented into sections, which is associated with the surface relief at different scales. With a help of the concept of multifractal formalism, the spectra of singularities of the initial, loaded and ruptured surface are calculated. It is found that the width of the singularity spectrum, can serve as an indication of the forthcoming rupture.. Keywords: molybdenum ribbon, mechanical load, annealing, destruction of material, block structures, surface, multifractal formalism.


Drawing on the relevant literature and the researcher's own experiences and works the study investigated the effects of Gender variables and Students Professional Career, Choice on occupational future prestige of students in the University of Uyo. One hundred and eighty randomly selected University students constituted the sample of the study. The sample consisted of 95 young adults men and 85 young adult women of University of Uyo. Their age ranged between 16 and 19 years with a mean age of 15.6 years and standard deviation of 0.64 years. Career factor inventory and career-decision-making self efficacy scales were the two main instruments employed in the study. Data were analysed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was a significant main effect of treatment on the occupational future of the participants. The two instruments were also superior to the control group on the measure of Gender variables and students' career choice of the participants. The results further indicate that career decision-making selfefficacy and the gender moderated the causal link between treatments and the criterion measure. Based on the findings, it was suggested that conscious efforts should be made by school counselors and relevant shareholders to adopt career planning course and career exploration intervention as tools for handling undergraduate students career-related-concerns. It was further observed that gender and career self-efficacy which are seen to impinge on the career behaviour of students should be taken into account when providing career counselling. In our society today much importance is placed on the type of work an individual does. This is so because some careers enhance influence, prestige and monetary values than others. Career has been defined as one's occupational development and activities throughout the entire life span of man. Pietrofesa and Splate


In a recent paper[J. Korean. Phys. Soc. 49 (2006) 459], two GHZ-state-based quantum secure direct communication protocols were presented. Here we point out that an eavesdropper can utilize a special property of GHZ states, i.e. "correlation-elicitable" to obtain half information of the transmitted secrets without being detected in both protocols. The particular attack strategy is demonstrated in detail. Furthermore, a possible improvement is proposed, which makes the protocols secure against this kind of attack.


Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first pathogenic human retrovirus to be discovered. It was isolated in 1979 from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) (1). Following years of research to find a retroviral agent involved in ATLL, Yoshida and Yamamato isolated a retrovirus from an ATLL patient in 1986 that they named adult T-cell leukemia virus. Soon, the similarities between HTLV-1 and adult T-cell leukemia virus were confirmed, and the name HTLV-1 was chosen. Shortly thereafter, the closely related virus HTLV-2 was isolated from the splenic cells of an individual with hairy cell T-cell leukemia (2).


Zirconium-alkyne complexes or zirconacyclopentenes, which were easily prepared in situ from alkynes, reacted with acrolein diethylacetal to afford vinyl ether derivatives. The C–C bond formation proceeded exclusively at β-position of the α,β-unsaturated acetal. Zirconium catalyzed C–C bond formation reactions of α,β-unsaturated acetals with EtMgBr also proceeded at β-position exclusively.


E. S. Zuck: Mr. Lincoln states on the first page of his paper that all metals can be welded. This is true from a theoretical standpoint. Practically it is open to question, especially if the welding is to be done by the electric arc process. I would like to ask Mr. Lincoln whether he would recommend an electric arc welding outfit for a foundry or a machine shop doing cast iron work exclusively.


Maria is the seventeen-year-old daughter of Juan, a known labor organizer in a small Latin American nation. In attempting to crack down on dissent activities, the authoritarian government abducts both Maria and her father. If Maria is raped in order to punish Juan, does this action fall within the definition of torture? Under the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (hereinafter the Convention), "torture" is defined as:


Three parsimonious models are hypothesized to represent com yield response to nitrogen and phosphorus. Each model imposes specific restrictions with regard to the elasticity of factor substitution and growth plateau. Nonnested hypothesis tests are used to evaluate the competing hypotheses. The results support the restrictions imposed by the Mitscherlich-Baule model. For these data, corn response is characterized by limited substitution between nitrogen and phosphorus and a growth plateau. Further, the cost of using optimal input levels implied by the Mitscherlich-Baule if it were not "true" is small relative to the other parsimonious forms and a translog approximation.


In the cation of the title compound, C 16 H 18 NO 2 + .BF 4 - , the pyridyl ring makes a dihedral angle of 12.4(6)° with the phenyl ring. The cations are packed in an antiparallel fashion along the a axis through pπ-pπ and dipole-dipole interactions, and form layers through C-H...O hydrogen bonds. The anions are located between the layers.


A local equilibrium approach for the kinetics of a simplified protein folding model, whose equilibrium thermodynamics is exactly solvable, was developed in Zamparo and Pelizzola (2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 068106). Important properties of this approach are (i) the free energy decreases with time, (ii) the exact equilibrium is recovered in the infinite time limit, (iii) the equilibration rate is an upper bound of the exact one and (iv) computational complexity is polynomial in the number of variables. Moreover, (v) this method is equivalent to another approximate approach to the kinetics: the path probability method. In this paper we give detailed rigorous proofs for the above results.


The NIH Guide :innounces scientific initiatives and provides poliq and administratixreinformation t o indivi duals and organizationswho nerd to be kept infornied ofopportunities. requirements, and changes in extra mural programs administered b!. tlw National Insritiites ofllealth. 0 Check here if your address has changed and you wish to con tinue receiving this publication Make corrections below and mail this page to: NIH Guide Distribution Center National Institutes of Health Room B4B-N-08, Building 31 Bethesda, Maryland 20892


This paper empirically examines three possible reasons for the high and rising unemployment of low-skilled employees in Germany: (i) an upsurge in inter-industry trade, (ii) a skill-biased technical change, and (iii) a failure of labour market adjustment. The empirical analyses indicate that an exogenous wage-setting process as well as a bundle of factors, including a skill-biased technical and structural change, have contributed to the decline in relative demand for low-skilled employees in Germany. Thus, economic policy in Germany should focus on improving the employability of workers in the lower segment of the labour market and on raising the adjustment flexibility, above all the flexibility of the wage structure, of the German labour market. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2003.


Deep-sea fans range from small fan-shaped depositional bodies with relatively simple internal structure to large variably shaped depositional bodies with complex internal structure. Their shape depends on several important factors: (1) the topography of the basin floor and shape of the basin in which they are deposited; (2) the number and distribution of submarine canyons or sea gullies transporting sediment to the ocean floor; (3) the strength and direction of bottom currents; (4) the effects of the Coriolis force; (5) the grain-size distribution of the sediment being fed to the fan; (6) the rate of sediment supply; (7) the presence of syndepositional tectonism either along basin-margin slopes or on the sea floor; and (8) the position of the shoreline and effects of sea- evel changes. Fans in trenches can be extremely long and narrow, whereas those on flat ocean floors have more regular fan shapes. Fans fed by single submarine canyons are relatively simple, whereas those fed by sea gullies that extend outward from deltas are more complex. Bottom currents can redistribute fan deposits, and the Coriolis effect causes hooking of modern fan channels. Fans built primarily of sand from submarine canyons are highly channelized, whereas those containing a mixture of sediment sizes have well-developed non-channelized facies. The rate of sediment supply, strongly affected by sea-level changes and tectonism, provides overall constraints on the size and shape of fans. Fans constructed along California-, Japan-, Andes-, and Atlantic-type margins have distinctive geometric, petrographic, and dispersal characteristics. End_of_Article - Last_Page 758------------


Although it is relatively easy to equip mobile robot with Kinect sensor, implementation of mapping algorithm can be non trivial. In this article, we describe sensor device, robot map formats and two main approaches to 3D reconstruction, problem closely connected to SLAM mapping problem with Kinect sensor. We experimentally evaluate reference implementations of both algorithms, compare their results and discuss published and possible improvements of both approaches.


Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases regulate a variety of cellular processes in response to extracellular and intracellular signals. MAP kinases are activated through a protein kinase cascade in which a MAP kinase kinase kinase (or MEKK) activates a MAP kinase kinase (or MEK) that in turn activates the MAP kinase by phosphorylation. These MAP kinase modules are often associated with scaffold proteins, but the molecular roles of these scaffolds has remained elusive [1]. In yeast, distinct MAP kinase pathways regulate mating, invasive growth and the response to high osmolarity (Figure 1) [2]. Because the MEKK Ste11p functions in all three MAP kinase pathways, a problem of specificity arises: how does Ste11p know by which upstream signal it has been activated (referred to as pathway specificity)? Indeed, mutationally activated Ste11p simultaneously induces all three pathways [3,4]. Recent work now demonstrates that pathway specificity is mediated at least in part by scaffold proteins.


In this paper, we propose a new proactive routing algorithm for MANET called NPR, which is inspired by a Modified Ant Colony Optimization (MACO) framework and uses "ants" for route discovery, maintenance and improvement. Simulation results are used to draw conclusions regarding to the proposed algorithm and compared it with the standard AODV protocol. Conducted experiments showed that our proposed algorithm exhibits superior performance with respect to reactive AODV routing algorithm in terms of packet delivery ration and end-to-end delay.


PURPOSE: A semiconductor device including a guard ring and a semiconductor system including the same are provided to stabilize an operation by reducing the gain of a parasitic bipolar transistor. CONSTITUTION: A transistor is formed on a substrate and includes a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode. A first guard ring (162) with a first conductivity is adjacent to the transistor. A second guard ring (153) with a second conductivity is adjacent to the first guard ring. The first guard ring and the second guard ring receive a first bias.


The paper discusses an innovative multi-functional façade system with building-integrated solar collectors (BISC) that generates on-site renewable energy, is highly energy efficient, and produces a new vocabulary for sustainable construction. The work includes a preliminary evaluation of the system applied to a doubleskin unitized curtain wall for a re-cladding project on a high-rise building in New York City. The study presents a workflow implementing the latest digital parametric tools, pairing environmental analysis with geometric form finding, so that factors such as solar irradiation, sun angle and sun shading inform a novel and differential façade system tailored to its environment and orientation. Preliminary energy analysis shows approximately 48.5% energy savings, resulting from both the interactive effects of individual energy conservation measures, sun control, and the production of electricity from façade integrated photovoltaics, fulfilling the target of a net-zero lighting retrofit for a Class-A office building.


Based on the concept of current tourist souvenirs and cultural resources in Heze and under instruction of product semiotics analysis and suggestions on new principles,it outlines the pitfalls on current tourist souvenirs' development and comes up with concept of tourism commodities and furthermore the promotion of professional institute construction and cultural symbols conversion and transference.Bringing forward the specific countermeasures for the exploration of folk culture tour keepsake,so that to offer helps for promoting the industry of folk culture and tourism.


The paper is concerned with two theories that proport to explain fertility variations in developing countries. The first of these theories is based on supply or natural fertility considerations while the second looks to (the underlying) costs and benefits of children as one source explanation for fertility differences. These theories indicate that demand consideration do explain some of the systematic variation in fertility even among "noncontracepting" populations. Knowledge of factors that influence fertility levels and, therefore population growth rates is a vital input into a variety of policy decisions in developing nations. At this time, there is only limited information on what it is about couples' environments, backgrounds, and personal characteristics that result in their having many or few children, but among the competing theories, two have emerged as leading contenders - the supply or natural fertility theories, and the demand or choice theories. These two theories lead to substantially different recommendations with respect to policies aimed at lowering population growth rates. Efficient resource allocation would, therefore, be well served if there were some evidence on which of these theories best fits the fertility behaviour of couples in low income and developing nations. The research presented below is an attempt to supply this evidence for one important empirical relationship observed in most developing countries - the negative partial correlation between a wife's


Investor and philanthropist George Soros once described Africa as one of the few bright spots on the gloomy global economic horizon. While the economic squeeze has brought more than a few tears to the eyes of many businesses across the world over the past number of years, Africa included, there is still a flicker in the eye of investors who view Africa as new hunting grounds for business.


This chapter presents the frequency allocation and frequency sharing of fixed-satellite services. Some of the FSS allocations in the international table of frequency allocations are shared with primary allocations for other satellite services. Section 9.2 below also deals with the sharing of spectrum between GSO FSS networks. In Section 9.5 deals with the national regulation and spectrum management of FSS.


therapeutic composition for treating burns. This composition comprises: sub-liquid lead acetate, aluminum potassium sulfate, vinegar, cologne, anise and water. The weight percentages of these components are between the following values: sub-liquid lead acetate between 0.2 and 1%, aluminum potassium sulfate from 0.1 to 0.5%, colony between 8 and 12%, anise between 3 and 7%, vinegar between 17 and 23%, the remaining percentage being water.


Received: 10 May 2020 Accepted: 16 December 2020 The purpose of research presented in this paper is to study the thermal and hydrodynamic effect of the non-isothermal laminar flow of a Al2O3-water nanofluid having shear thinning behavior in a mechanically stirred tank using the finite element method. Numerical simulation has been performed for a non-stationary two-dimensional flow controlled by certain influencing parameters such as the Reynolds number (1 ≤ Re ≤ 200), the behavior index (0.6 ≤ n ≤ 1) and the volume fraction of the alumina nanoparticles (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.1). The simulation results obtained show that the addition of the Al2O3 nanoparticles in the base fluid leads to a significant enhancement in the heat transfer in the stirred tank compared to the base fluid. On the other hand, we note a slight decrease in the heat transfer with the decrease in the behavior index. It has also been noted, that the agitation power increases relatively with the volume fraction of the Alumina nanoparticles.


The invention relates to a weak luminescence image processing method based on regional augmentation and regional extraction in the technical field of image processing. The method comprises the following steps: converting unidimensional original data sequence of a background image and an original weak luminescence image under the lighting condition into a two-dimensional array structure, and carrying out logarithm transformation on the two-dimensional array structure; then removing noise of the weak luminescence image through morphological weighting median filtering, extracting a boundary of the weak luminescence image by a Canny differential operator, and then filling a luminescent region by a boundary closely extracted by a morphological template; obtaining a binary image with a marked luminescent region; checking a luminescent region of the image, and superposing the region onto the background image after pseudo color treatment; adding a marker on the image brightness by an image luminescent illumination calibration method; and finally recording image experimental conditions, image source and other additional information. The invention provides the reliable weak luminescence image processing method and realizes a treating process from inputting original image data sequence to outputting an image result.


Development of intelligent decision-making systems for complex problems, such as land covers classification of hyperspectral remote sensing (HSRS) images, requires efficient interpretation of available information through conceptual rather than numerical level. Granular neural network (GNN) in combination with the granular representation of information using linguistic terms is one such system. GNN takes the fuzzified input information and processes them with neural network (NN) architecture, where the network structure is transparent enough to interpret the processing steps. Further, knowledge encoding has been considered as one of the principal elements of intelligent decision-making systems. This paper proposes a new model of knowledge-encoded GNNs for land cover classification of HSRS images. Knowledge encoding is done using neighborhood rough sets (NRSs) that explore the local/contextual information. The encoded knowledge using NRS is obtained in the form of dependency rules with respect to the output class labels of land covers and these rules determine appropriate number of hidden nodes of GNNs. The dependency factors obtained during rule generation are used for initializing the connecting weights of GNNs. NRS is also used here in the selection of a subset of features for reducing the burden of high-dimensional fuzzy-granulated feature space of HSRS image. The proposed model thus explores jointly the advantages of fuzzy granulation, GNNs, and feature selection and knowledge encoding using NRS. Superiority of the model to similar other methods are justified in land covers classification of two HSRS images acquired by different remotely placed sensors.


The aim was to evaluate the effect of 3M dimetilsulfoxide (DMSO) on the morphological preservation of vitrified ovarian preantral follicles (FOPA) of cavies (Galea spixii spixii). Pairs of ovaries from two females (n=2) were collected. From each female, one ovary was immediately destined to morphological analysis, and the other was subjected to the solid surface vitrification procedure, and stored in cryobiologic containers. After two weeks, samples were rewarmed, and the histologic procedure was performed to morphological evaluation. The FOPAs were classified as morphologically normal or degenerate. A total of 200 FOPA were analyzed and a mean of 87% of morphologically normal FOPA was observed for control group. After vitrification the morphology of 57% FOPA remains preserved. In conclusion the use of 3M of dimethilsulfoxide was efficient for the preservation of in situ preantral follicles morphology after solid surface vitrification process of Galea spixii spixii ovaries.


A new approach, for developing a finite element grid for the computation of light transfer in virtual three-dimensional environments is presented. In this work the finite element, mesh, is instantiated by the internal structures of two artificial neural networks which are trained for learning the three-dimensional geometry and the light flow relationships. Based on the networks' topologies the finite element method is performed. Through the use of a neural network type. with specific outstanding function approximation, and clustering facilities, the approach outperforms classical approaches in its accuracy and in its robustness concerning huge geometries where classical approaches run into a lack of computing resources.


This paper report for the first time petrology and geochemistry of highly serpentinzed ultramafic rocks from South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Their petrogenesis and their geodynamic significance were also discussed


The present work is the Business Plan of CONEXION SHOES Company that will be located in Quito; its vision is to become the first plant producing sports shoes for casual wear in the next 5 years. The shoes leather are produced with gum plants their look alike are the shoes called "Free Style" offered primarily by Adidas, Nike and Converse and whose orientation is toward fashion rather than sporting performance. The target markets is composed of young people between the aged of 15 and 25 years of middle class, the amount of inhabitants add up to 808.449 in Ecuador and of which 71%, that is 574.000 inhabitants, use ssport shoes as part of their regular clothing.
In spite of hard existent competition in the country, legal and illegal entrance of imported products and according to the current situation both politically and economically there is a real opportunity to undertake long-term use at this manufacturing sector that will contribute to the generation of employment and economic development in the country.


This paper describes the vacuum system for the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) which is now under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The system will consist of an electron linac, booster, vuv and x‐ray storage rings, and up to 44 experimental beam lines. The pressures will range from 10−7 Torr in the linac and booster, to 10−10 Torr (without beam) in the storage rings. Stringent quality control and cleaning procedures are necessary to reduce the adverse effects of hydrocarbon contamination on optical elements which are used for beam handling. This thought is also reflected in the selection of materials, pumps, and other vacuum components, as well as in fabrication techniques. Sputter ion pumps are used throughout with distributed ion pumps and titanium sublimination pumps on the storage rings. Rough pumping is done with liquid‐nitrogen‐trapped turbomolecular pumps. In situ argon glow discharge conditioning is planned for the storage rings to reduce the desorption due to synchro...


This study utilized a Straussian grounded theory approach to create a theory of being and becoming a tattooed person. Co-researchers were chosen using purposive and snow-balling sampling. A semi-structured interview was audiorecorded. This study answered the grand tour question "What does it mean to be a person with tattoos?" The data was meticulously transcribed, coded, and analyzed using constant comparative analysis. The findings revealed that there were quite a few changes that happened after acquiring a tattoo. Changes in physical, social, emotional, and mental aspect were shown. However, the perception of the society about tattoos was explored wherein those in favor of tattooing urges others to acquire tattoos, yet negative ideas are still associated with tattoos like delinquency. Prejudice and its psychological and social effects were also tackled in this study. Moreover, there were concepts and roots expounded in uncovering the decision making in undergoing tattoo. Thus, 13 categories emerged from the data and were connected and analyzed to create a successful theoretical grounding and process on becoming a tattooed person.


In this paper, the system of generalized optimization is divided into four modules such as function and scheme optimization, product modeling and planning module, collaborative optimization, and solution analysis and decision-making. Then we concentrate on the discussion of some key techniques and strategies for the collaborative optimization, including analysis on properties of the coupled factors, and the expression of tasks. Some methods and measures for handling the couplings have been discussed as well. In order to support collaborative optimization, some related techniques such as characteristics recognition and optimal model diagnosis, control and visualization system of calculation, data-base supporting system, and corresponding optimal algorithm system are also investigated.


Karl Barth's theology has been characterized as the theology of the triumph of divine grace. This characterization arises from Barth's concept of ultimate reality and his understanding of the real world. For Barth, the ontological reconciliation and fellowship between God and man eternally carried out within the trinitarian history is ultimate reality, and the reconciled world established by both the Christ event and salvation history is the real world.' If the significance and ground of creation are predestination and reconciliation, the meaning of creation is revealed in salvation history.2 In Barth's theology, therefore, election-God's fellowship with man-functions as the ground of creation and providence, and creation and covenant are the two sides of election. This implies that election unfolds itself as salvation history, and that creaturely history, including even natural history, is predestined to participate in the history of covenant.3 In Barth's theology, therefore, the history and fellowship within the trinitarian God unfolds itself as election, reconciliation, and salvation history. Von Balthasar is quite right when he identifies his concept of being with Barth's concept of the all-embracing decision of God (reconciliation), and within this framework of ultimate reality he finds a proper place for the well-known contrast between grace and nature.4 For von


Among all cosmological quantum-gravity or quantum-gravity-inspired scenarios, only very few predict a blue-tilted primordial tensor spectrum. We explore five of them and check whether they can generate a stochastic gravitational-wave background detectable by present and future interferometers: non-local quantum gravity, string-gas cosmology, new ekpyrotic scenario, Brandenberger-Ho non-commutative inflation and multi-fractional spacetimes. We show that non-local quantum gravity is unobservable, while all the other models can reach the strain sensitivity of DECIGO but not that of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA, LISA or Einstein Telescope. Other quantum-gravity models with red-tilted spectra (most loop quantum cosmologies) or with exceptionally tiny quantum corrections (Wheeler-DeWitt quantum cosmology) are found to be non-detectable.


Currently, there is a rapid compaction of urban areas, which inevitably leads to the need for more active and integrated use of the underground space. In conditions of dense urban development, for the construction of underground structures or underground parts of buildings, it is necessary to design and realize deep excavations with vertical walls under the protective of the retaining structures, including supporting systems. The most common support is a system of metal elements -distribution beams and pipes (struts). The article deals with the calculation of the real excavations, taking into account the elastic and elastoplastic behavior of the support elements, the influence of this factor on the resulting internal forces and the stability of entire retaining system. Questions about the correctness of calculations by elastic models for structural elements used in geotechnics, are raised.


The hemolysin export process is directed by two specific membrane-located secretion proteins HlyB and HlyD, which are encoded by genes contiguous and coexpressed with the hlyC and hlyA genes responsible for synthesis of cytolytically active t o ~ i n ( I ~ 7 ~ ~ ) (Fig.2). HlyB and HlyD are predicted to be 80 kDa and 54 kDa respectively and are present at very low levels in the cell membrane fraction, primarily due to down regulation of secretion gene expression. This is achieved by uncoupling operon transcription of the synthesis and secretion genes via transcript termination at a rho-independent terminator within the ~ p e r o n ( ' ~ , ~ ~ ) , an effect probably accentuated by differential stability of thc truncated and elongated transcripts. Expression of the specific hemolysin export function is mediated by transcript antitermination at the hlyA-hlyB intergenic terminator and this is dependent on structural elements, including the h/yR locus, which are positioned upstream of the hly operon promoter sequences and which are thought LO act as binding sites for regulatory proteins involved in both hiy transcription activation and antiterm i n a t i ~ n ( ~ ~ , ~ ~ ) . A recently identified activator of hlyCABD gene expression is the 18 kDa product of the hlyTlocus. This is allelic to the rfuH (sfrB) gene which positively regulates transcript initiation and possibly antitermination in the opcrons encoding synthesis of surface sex pilus and lipopolysaccharide of E.coli and Salmonella(20). The HlyB secretion protein is thought to comprise a number of CM-spanning regions and an extensive C-terminal domain located in the The C-terminal domain in particular shares close homology with a wide range ofproteins (Table 1) which are involved or implicated in the transport of various relatively small molecules such as sugars, chemotherapeutic drugs, ions, peptides and pheromones across membranes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, most dramatically the mammalian proteins such as those central to tumour multidrug resistance, the development of cystic fibrosis and the presentation of intracellular peptides on the cell membrane in association with the major histocompatibility complex. This feature has been extensively reviewed Summary The hemolysin toxin (HlyA) is secreted across both the cytoplasmic and outer membranes of pathogenic Escherichiu coli and forms membrane pores in cells of the host immune system, causing cell dysfunction and death. The processes underlying the interaction of HlyA with the bacterial and mammalian cell membranes are remarkable. Secretion of HlyA occurs without a periplasmic intermediate and is directed by an uncleaved C-terminal targetting signal and the HlyB and HlyD translocator proteins, the former being a member of a transporter superfamily central to import and export of a wide range of substrates by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The separate process by which HlyA is targetted to mammalian cell membranes is dependent upon fatty acylation of a non-toxic precursor, proHlyA. This is achieved by a novel mechanism directed by the activator protein HlyC, which binds to an internal proHlyA recognition sequence and provides specificity for the transfer of fatty acid from cellular acyl carrier protein.


Starting in 2015, Avanzi et al. (2016) have launched several online surveys to inquire about regionalisms in European French (France, Belgium and Switzerland). Here, we investigate the use of data from these surveys for automatic speaker geolocalisation, both as a playful incentive to attract participants for further inquiries and as a scientific analysis method of the already collected data. Following Leemann et al. (2016), the problem of automatic speaker geolocalisation consists in predicting the dialect/regiolect of a speaker (typically, a speaker that has not participated in the survey) by asking a set of questions (typically, a small subset of the surveyed variables). Given our motivations, the success of a speaker geolocalisation method should not only be assessed by the percentage of correct answers, but also by its ability to entertain and surprise potential participants. Three parameters influence this success: - The number and type of questions to be asked. No more than 20 questions should be asked to keep the attention span short. - The number and type of the areas to predict. The areas should reflect the reduced amount of regional variation in current French, but too large areas could make the problem look trivial and uninteresting. - The accuracy of the predictions. The method obviously should make as good predictions as possible, but we estimate that about 2/3 of correct predictions are required for a sustainable level of participant involvement. We present a simulation framework that allows us to evaluate different parameter settings, using solely the survey data in a leave-one-out fashion. In a first set of two experiments, we start by determining an areal partition based on political or on linguistic criteria (e.g. hierarchical clustering), and then apply the shibboleth detection algorithm of Prokic et al. (2012) to find the most characteristic set of questions for each area. In a second experiment, we do not fix the areal partition in advance, but keep the original localisation information (i.e., departements, provinces or cantons). In order to find the optimal set of questions, we use recursive feature elimination (Guyon et al. 2002). Once the questions are determined, we dynamically expand the predictions to n-best areas or neighbors. With both methods, we reach the desired accuracy threshold with comparable area sizes and number of variables (about 20). However, the variables selected by the second approach intuitively correspond better to the variation patterns observed in the original survey data.


The paleoclimatic change since the Tertiary period was recorded in coral reefs in the South China Sea. It had a direct effect on the changes in Mn2+ ESR signals of coral reefs. The mineral composition, content of Mn and Mn2+ ESR signals of coral reefs in Sanya, Hainan Island, suggest that the normalized Mn2+ ESR signal on the basis of 100% aragonite is a new and sensitive paleoclimatic indicator, the paleoclimatic changes indicated by Mn2+ ESR signals show a very similar chaping pattern to the Holocene paleoclimatic fluctuations of China revealed elsewhere. For example,the warmest period from 8.5 to 3.0 ka B. P. corresponds to the most intense ESR signals of Mn2+ in the well Sanya-3 drilled on Hainan Island ,and the violently fluctuating climate during 5.6 to 3.0 ka B.P. and a remarkable short-term lowering of temperature around 5.5ka B.P. and a rapid rising after that time are also demonstrated by the ESR signals. The ESR signals of Mn2+ are positively correlated to the calcite content but inversely to aragonite content in the coral reef.This can be explained by the fact that the redius of Ca2+ ions in aragonite is different from that in calcite. The mechanism that ESR signals of Mn2+ or Mn content in coral reefs record paleoclimatic changes may be tentatively interpreted as climatic control over the input of run off-carried terrigenous marerials into the sea. During warm periods, more terrigenous materials were carried into the sea by runoffs, increasing the concentration of Mn2+ in seawater and thus more Mn2+ being incorporated into latuces of coral reefs. But during cold times, the case is reversed. Although ESR signals of Mn2+ and Mn content in coral reefs can both reflect paleoclimatic changes, the former is more sensitive and reliable than the latter. For example, the shortterm lowing of temperature around 5.5ka B.P. is clear in the figure of ESR intensity shown by Mn2+ change with the depth but it cannot be seen in the figare for the Mn content. These paleoclimatic changes are also consistent with the distributions of mammal fossils in China.


We describe a `disordered local moment' (DLM) first-principles electronic structure theory which demonstrates that tricritical metamagnetism can arise in an antiferromagnetic metal due to the dependence of local moment interactions on the magnetisation state. Itinerant electrons can therefore play a defining role in metamagnetism in the absence of large magnetic anisotropy. Our model is used to accurately predict the temperature dependence of the metamagnetic critical fields in CoMnSi-based alloys, explaining the sensitivity of metamagnetism to Mn-Mn separations and compositional variations found previously. We thus provide a
finite-temperature framework for modelling and predicting new metamagnets of interest in applications such as magnetic cooling.


ABSTRACTThe diagnosis and management of CKD, incredibly advanced CKD, can have a major impact on the patient's life due to the limitations of daily activities that the patient experiences, whether at work, traveling, or socializing. The author formulates the research design and methodology, as seen in Figure 2.2. In this research, both the external and internal analysis plays an important role in defining the clear gap of dialysis access and barriers and understanding the competitive advantages of klikdialisis.com. KlikDialisis.com is a health application platform based on socioeconomics by connecting patients, especially kidney patients, with dialysis service providers and other kidney health facilities.


Structure loss impairs the quality of monocrystalline ingots and represents a major productivity loss for crystal growers. If structure loss could be predicted in advance it could help reduce the lost production time or preventive measures could be initiated. For this reason, feature engineering and machine learning by long short-term memory (LSTM) is used to assess if structure loss could be predicted from sensor data collected during growth of ingots. The method is not able to predict structure loss in advance, and the predictions may likely be based on the length of the signal, which is shortened for structure loss ingots as their growth is interrupted, and not actual features in the sensor readings. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Øyvind S. Sortland


The requirements for success are changing. Individuals and organizations are being judged by measures at once as old as civil society but at the same time as new as the 21 century. No longer is it sufficient merely to generate a healthy financial bottom line, but increasingly we are being challenged to justify our success in terms of how well we support one another and how we care for the natural world on which all life depends.


We discuss the strong convergence for weighted sums of linearly negative quadrant dependent(LNQD) random variables under suitable conditions and the central limit theorem for weighted sums of an LNQD case is also considered. In addition, we derive some corollaries in LNQD setting.


Abstract : Because of the complex nature of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, it has not been possible to develop a reliable model of the cholinergic binding site. For example, the receptor has a molecular weight over 250,000 daltrons, five homologous subunits, and essential membrane bilayer. Small peptides of the region 170-210 of the a-subunit of the receptor have been shown to bind cholinergic agonist and competitive antagonist with binding profiles equivalent to the whole alpha-subunit and comparable to the whole solubilized receptor. It is likely that the folded structure of these peptides is similar to the folding of this region in vivo, and to some degree, is determined by the hydrophobic interaction of the residues within the relatively short region of a(170-210). By reducing the investigation primarily to this region, a considerably simpler model may provide a practical quantifiable model for understanding the underlying process of cholinergic binding at the molecular level. The research proposed investigates the structure of the putative cholinergic binding region of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and the contribution of the lipid bilayer membrane to cholinergic binding.


Results are presented from the full wave analysis of an active integrated antenna using the FDTD method as extended to include circuit elements. A microstrip active circulator is integrated with a short-circuited inset fed quarter wavelength microstrip antenna to form a transceiver. The concurrent simulation of circuit devices and antennas permits prediction of the transmit-receive isolation and radiation patterns taking into account the coupling introduced by the compact arrangement. INTRODUCTION Active antennas involve direct integration of active devices with antennas. Direct incorporation of active devices (transistors, diodes) results in considerable improvement in the antenna performance. Active antennas commonly used are based on planar(microstrip) configurations. In this case active devices are mounted on the same substrate with the antenna. Because of the close interaction of active devices with the radiating structure, electromagnetic modelling of these antennas demands a full wave approach. Conventional approaches, depending on separating the active device circuitry from the antenna, are inadequate for modelling such structures. A computational method that can handle both the circuit and the antenna parts taking into account the electromagnetic coupling is needed. The extended FDTD method, by inclusion of circuit elements, provides the capability to take into account accurately the interaction between devices and fields (Sui et al.[1], Piket-May et al.[2]). DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTIVE INTEGRATED ANTENNA Active circulators have been introduced in MMICs as an alternative to the bulky conventional ferrite circulators. Recently an active circulator in HMIC form has been suggested by Cryan et al.[3] based on phase cancellation. The circulator can be integrated with a quarter wavelength patch antenna to form a transceiver (fig.1a). The circuit incorporates three 50Ω gain blocks in a ring arrangement. There are two possible signal paths from one port to another; there is a direct path from transmit to receive and a path via the antenna port. By adjusting the lengths of the lines and the gains, satisfactory isolation can be achieved. The positioning of the antenna inside the ring structure to achieve a compact arrangement introduces the necessity for concurrent modelling of the integrated antenna because of the antenna-circuit coupling. METHOD OF ANALYSIS To simulate accurately this configuration, very fine resolution is needed to cope with the many and different line widths resulting to 500x500x50 cells. The fine lines are introduced for impedance matching purposes. Simplification of the geometry is achieved by using 100 Ohm gain blocks(fig.1b). In addition to that we incorporate a simple model of a linear gain block which is realised in two different nodes of the Yee cell, two cells apart (Kalialakis et al.[4]). In each node the resistive voltage source is used; E t z R x y t z R x y E t t z R x y H t t z R x y V R x y z n S


Finding a simple network traffic model described by a reasonable number of parameters that enables powerful analysis methods and provides accurate results has been a challenging problem during the last decades. This paper proposes a discrete statistical description of network traffic, known as histograms, and a stochastic analysis method based on the concept of statistical convolution. Unlike other histogram based methods, it does not require approximating traffic to a Poisson distribution (or any other distribution) nor solving queueing models. The method shows that the buffer length problem is a stochastic process that converges to a steady state probability when the average traffic arrival rate is less or equal t the output service rate, although this arrival rate can be higher during transient overloads. The paper shows that workload isolation is a desirable property of traffic scheduling algorithms that highly eases the analysis and makes it algorithm independent. A more accurate method based on calculating interferences among workloads is sketched for the case of the GPS algorithm. The proposed method has been extensively evaluated using synthetic and real traffic traces. These evaluations analysethe influence of some factors on accuracy and show that the method improves the results of queueing models. Applications of this model are very wide: analysis and prediction of QoS parameters, network dimensioning and provisioning, trafficadmission control, etc.


The antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of hot aqueous extract from Asparagus albus (A. albus) leaf against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats were investigated. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and condensed tannin contents of hot aqueous extract from A. albus leaf were determined. The antioxidant activity of hot aqueous extract from A. albus leaf was evaluated using the antioxidant capacity, DPPH free radical-scavenging ability and reducing power assays. Different polyphenolic compounds, namely gallic acid, vanillic acid, 3,4 dimethoxybenzoic acid, catechin, rutin, and quercetin were identified. Oral administration of hot aqueous extract from A. albus leaf to male Wistar, intoxicated with CCl4, demonstrated a significant protective effect by lowering the levels of hepatic marker enzymes (aspartate and lactate transaminases) and by improving the histological architecture of the rat liver. The hot aqueous extract from A. albus leaf attenuated oxidative stress by restoring the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. This study demonstrated that the hot aqueous extract from A. albus leaf protects rat liver from CCl4-induced injury and suggests a potential therapeutic use for A. albus plant.

Practical applications
The hepatoprotective effects of plant extracts are mainly related to their richness in phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites widely found in plants, mostly represented by phenolic acids and flavonoids. The growing interest in these bioactive antioxidant components is principally due to their antioxidant potential and the association between their consumption and the prevention of some diseases. In this study, a remarkable hepatoprotective effect of the hot aqueous leaf extract obtained from Asparagus albus was detected against CCl4-induced liver injury in rat and its mechanism was related, at least in part, to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity on account of the presence of polyphenols.


NaGdF4: Yb,Er nanocrystals with different morphology including nanoparticles,nanospheres,and nanorods were synthesized successfully through hydrothermal method. The morphology of samples was controllable when introduced different surfactants into reaction system. Upcoversion photoluminescence test indicated that the NaGdF4: Yb,Er samples of hexagonal crystal form and rod morphology had higher emission intensity.


Since the addition of citric acid was shown to slow gastric emptying, it was originally believed that the higher accuracy of a citric acid containing test meal would be the consequence of a prolonged contact time of bacterial urease with the 13 C-urea test substrate [8] . However, more recently it was quite convincingly demonstrated that citric acid exerts the benefi cial effect more likely via acidifi cation of the bacterial environment and urease release [9] . The concept of a higher test drink acidifi cation was taken on in the study by Shirin et al. [10] presented in this edition of Digestion . The authors increased the citric acid content from 1 to 4 g in a 200-ml test drink administered together with 13 C-urea. They found that this modifi cation of the test fully maintained its accuracy with the advantage of a reduced time interval following H. pylori eradication therapy. The authors indeed demonstrated that by shortening the interval to 14 days (after eradication) the test was still accurate in 96.8% of patients. The main message of the study is that by rendering the test meal (drink) more acidic it is still well tolerated and allows the correct assessment already 2 weeks after the end of H. pylori eradication. This is certainly useful information although its clinical relevance appears overemphasized by the authors. Is it truly an important gain to obtain the information of the The 13 C-urea breath test ( 13 C-UBT) is the gold standard among non-invasive tests for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection. The test has the same accuracy as the endoscopy-based examination with multiple biopsies for histology and culture [1] . It is easy to handle, well accepted with the same performance in adults as well as in children. The test is well standardized with 13 C-labelled urea (75 mg in adults, 50 mg in children) that includes also a test drink made up with citric acid (200 ml liquid with 0.1 mmol citric acid). It took some time and experimental work before it became clear that the acid test drink together with the 13 C-urea is an essential requirement [2, 3] . This combination allows the maximal detection of bacterial urease activity via their degradation products. With current standardization the test provides the same accuracy before and after therapy; however, it requires an interval of 4 weeks to avoid false-negative results [4] . Reasons for this time interval are (a) persisting bacterial suppression for several weeks as a consequence of the antibiotic therapy, and (b) the urease inhibiting effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) if given concomitantly [5] . PPIs used for eradication in the triple therapy or in patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms, especially in patients with gastroesophageal refl ux disease, possess a strong urease inhibitory effect in vitro as well as in vivo [5–7, 9] . Published online: July 13, 2005


It has been recognised that policy and practice regarding war, weapon and superhero play are considered to be influenced by practitioner's own attitudes and experiences (Holland, 2003). This case study explores practitioner attitudes towards this play in a large urban Primary school, Nursery and Children's Centre. The study explores how current attitudes in this setting may influence practice and the factors that may influence those attitudes. Data was gathered through questionnaires, that were completed by class teachers and teaching assistants in Year one of Key Stage One (KS1) and Early Years Foundations Stage (EYFS) practitioners from the Nursery and Creche in the same setting. Interviews with a selection of these participants were conducted to further understand patterns and issues that arose from analysis of responses to the questionnaires. The data collected reflected the issues that were evident in the exploration of literature on this subject. It also identified factors that may influence practitioner attitudes and how these attitudes shape current practice; therefore shaping children's learning experiences and construction of childhood. The study emphasised the importance of reflective practice and continued professional development, as well as a whole school approach to a variety of play types.


In this paper, a tannic acid-Fe layer-by-layer (TA-Fe LbL) modification process was developed to modify the highly curved surfaces of nanospheres. In contrast to the traditional TA-Fe one-step assembly method, TA-Fe coordination complexes were uniformly coated onto the surface of Fe3O4@SiO2 nanospheres by the TA-Fe LbL modification process with no TA-Fe aggregates forming on the nanospheres or in the reaction solution. By virtue of the reduction capability and effective immobilizing effect of TA, Ag nanoparticles (NPs) with small sizes (2–10 nm in diameter) and a narrow size distribution were formed in situ on the surface of the modified nanospheres. The resultant nanocomposites exhibited excellent catalytic performance and good stability for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. This strategy can be extended to modify various highly curved surfaces to fabricate a variety of functional nanocomposites.


The Manufacturing and Operations Information System (MOIS) is designed for the preparation of Flight Operation Plans, automatic execution of operational and test procedures for satellites. It also features additional mission planning and schedule execution modules. MOIS has supported more than 80 spacecraft to date and is the standard software used at ESOC for ESA missions. The software is also used by a range of other international satellite operators such as DLR, CNES and ASI. In addition to operations it doubles as a tool to manage AIT/EGSE test procedures, allowing for easy transition between satellite manufacture and operations, and is used by major European satellite manufacturers including EADS-Astrium, Thales Alenia Space, OHB, Surrey Satellites in Europe as well as the US manufacturer Orbital Sciences Corp. RHEA manages the MOIS software and offers a student edition free of charge for use on educational missions. This provides educational institutes with access to the latest professional software, and gives students valuable experience in the same tools used by industry and the major European space institutes. A key feature of MOIS design is its flexibility; it currently supports a wide range of operational and test scripting languages including PLUTO, elisa, STOL, CGS, tcl/TOPE. The flexibility is further demonstrated by the range of satellite missions it supports. The system is scalable from the most complex deep space missions (Herschel-Planck, BepiColumbo), constellation missions (Galileo) down to the simplest microsatellites or individual instruments.


Nonlinear response of piles is the most important source of potentially nonlinear behavior of offshore platforms due to earthquake excitations. It is often necessary to perform dynamic analysis of offshore platforms that accounts for soil nonlinearity, discontinuity condition at pile soil interfaces, energy dissipation through soil radiation damping and structural nonlinear behaviors of the piles.


The present work is based on electrical treeing test performed on several EVA and on XLPE polymer materials. The output of PD digital measurements, the outcome (images) of video monitoring and the times-to-breakdown were recorded, off-line processed and analysed. Two main results were obtained. The existence of a linear relation between a specific quantity derived from the PD data and the times-to-breakdown was proven and allows to implement lifetime predictions (applicable to laboratory treeing tests on EVA polymers). In parallel, a different processing of the PD data patterns allowed to link the shape of phase-number PD histograms to the tree shape during treeing growth. While the first obtained results offer a possibility to shorten the testing times (and the relevant costs), the second ones demonstrate that the different shapes of an electrical tree can be detected also in opaque materials, as non visual means can be used. The tested procedures are deemed to have a potential for diagnostic applications.


Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) including the hookworms Necator americanus and Ancylostoma spp., Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura affect over 1.5 billion people worldwide and are estimated to have caused 1.9 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). With the concerted effort in expanding and improving targeted mass drug administration (MDA) programs over the past decade, along with decreasing prevalence, infections in several endemic areas tend to be of low intensity. Conventional microscopy-based methods recommended for the detection of STH in parasitological surveys have been shown to be less sensitive in these low-intensity settings. As communities progress towards STH elimination through MDA and improved sanitation, there is a pressing need for highly sensitive techniques that detect the true prevalence of STH to evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing programs and interventions. Molecular methods that involve analysis of DNA rather than the morphology of the organism are highly sensitive and specific, allowing for both quantitation and species discrimination. The following review discusses different sample collection strategies, pre-processing steps, DNA extraction platforms, and nucleic acid detection methods available for diagnosis and surveillance of STH. We have contrasted the utility of these molecular tools against conventional microscopy-based methods currently used in most endemic settings. While the detection methods are primarily qPCR based, several newer technologies have also become available along with automation and increased throughput, making these molecular tools increasingly cost-effective and potentially amenable for use in low-resource settings.


This article presents a detailed overview of the hardware realizations for Artiflcial Neural Network (ANN) models and their variants appearing in academic studies as well as in commercial use. We outline underlying design issues encountered while mapping an ideal ANN model onto a compact and reliable hardware implementation and survey a wide range of illustrative examples with a speciflc focus on recent advancements. Issues related to the evaluation parameters for hardware implementations and hardware speciflc learning methodologies are outlined. Chip designs at neuronal level and as complete systems including neurocomputers built from accelerator boards as well as neurochips are studied. Parallel implementations including bit slice, systolic, and SIMD architectures have been described. Also discussions on optical implementations as well as Neuro-Fuzzy hardware are presented in addition to an outline of the recent trends and potential future research directions.


A roof mount antenna device for a vehicle, having high waterproof characteristics and a simple configuration and capable of being assembled easily. A roof mount antenna device for a vehicle is provided with an antenna base (10), a molded resin (20), an antenna cover (30), and a seal pad (40). The antenna base (10) is a plate-like body and is provided with a screw hole (11) for antenna connection and also with a screw hole (12) for fixation to the roof, the screw holes (11, 12) penetrating from the front surface side to the rear surface side of the antenna base. The molded resin (20) has formed thereon a side wall (21) which has an opening open in the axial direction of the screw hole (12) for fixation to the roof and which protrudes in the axial direction so as to surround a periphery of the screw hole (12) for fixation to the roof, said periphery being located on the front surface side of the antenna base (10). The antenna cover (30) is provided with a lid section (31) for covering the front surface side of the antenna base (10) and engaging with the side wall of the molded resin (20) to seal the opening of the side wall of the molded resin.


Recently, the building of an intermodal transportation system has become the most important policy in the establishment of a national-wide sustainable transport system. In the case of rail and public transport, an intermodal connecting improvement policy is essential due to the lack of trip completeness. In particular, high-speed rail has brought dramatic changes to the transportation system in Korea and the idea of high-speed rail stations as major transportation nodes to be linked to various travel modes needs to be analyzed in terms of an intermodal network. Thus, this study proposes a new connectivity analysis method to objectively and quantitatively evaluate intermodal connecting performance for highspeed rail in terms of an intermodal network around high-speed rail stations. Seoul, Busan, Ulsan, and Sin-gyeongju stations were designated for a range of spatial analyses; detailed connecting performance indexes of travel modes connecting highspeed rail stations, and the influence sphere of these stations are analyzed, except for internal transfer facilities. Finally, this study proposes a connectivity analysis method that applies the structural equation model and develops a connectivity index.


: In recent years, the era of Internet + has arrived, and there have been new developments in network technology and communication technology. Cross-school study for credits, the operation is relatively complicated. To this end, we can make full use of the online university city to make active explorations in teaching mode, teaching management, and credit system. This article sorts out and analyzes people's views and needs in the online university city through the form of questionnaire survey and statistical methods. The survey results show that 28% of people are satisfied with the connections between groups on the network platform, and some people think that the sharing of learning resources on the network platform is obvious to all. This will undoubtedly encourage the construction of online university towns.


Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations of adult onset Still′s disease,in order to increase the rate of thediagnosis.Methods The clinical manifestations and related examination of32 patients with adult onset Still′s disease were retrospectivelyanalyzed.Results Spiking fever(≥39.0℃),transient erythema,arthralgia,elevated leukocyte counts and neutrophils,increasing e-rythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-rection protein,serum ferritin level and swallowof liver,spleen and lymph nodes were the most com-mon clinical manifestations.Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs plus hormone and/or immunosuppressor were common measures of thetreatment.Conclusion Clinical manifestations and examination of adult onset still′s disease are non-specificific,so it is diagnosed by thereference standard and with the exclusion of other diseases.


An attempt is made to review the Maharashtra Rural Credit Project (MRCP)--a microcredit scheme--by focusing on the process of implementation and its implications for targeting, empowerment of women, and trade-off between coverage of the poorest and sustainability of this scheme. Attention is drawn to deficiencies in the design and implementation of this scheme that limit the participation of the poorest and the benefits accruing to them. Moreover, it is argued that there is a risk of overstating the trade-off between the coverage of the poorest and sustainability of the MRCP if these deficiencies are overlooked.


In this paper, a special type of beam element is developed with three nodes and with only translational degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) at each node. This element can be used effectively to build low degree-of-freedom models of rotors. The initial model from the Bernoulli theory is fitted to experimental results by nonlinear optimization. This way, we can avoid the complex modeling of contact problems between the parts of squirrel cage rotors. The procedure is demonstrated on the modeling of a machine tool spindle. © 2018 by ASME.


The impact of climate change is considered one of the major challenges that the winter sport tourism industry faces today. Salen, one of the major skiing destinations in Sweden, is situated in the ...


This study examined adolescents' anger, implications for classroom instruction. Adolescent anger is a response to a threat or the perception of a threat against an individual or a group. The types of threat that tend to trigger anger response are broad in scope and include both physical threats and psychological threats or threats to adolescents' are pride or dignity. This is the reason adolescents' anger behaviours differ according to their psychological environment, such behaviours influence their academic achievement. Adolescent anger may be passive or active. Some possible causes of adolescent anger and its effect on adolescents that appear in form of learning difficulties and social adjustment problems were discussed. Strategies and tips to address these problems were provided to help in guiding and improving teaching and learning. This is the reason the researcher recommended that school teacher that has the mastery of the strategies to handle the teaching of students in schools where adolescent anger is exhibited will be properly curbed for effective academic performance of the adolescents. Exhibition of these behaviours in school situation challenges teacher's competence in


1. P.G. Scholar, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, NIA Jaipur. 2. P.G. Scholar, Department of Dravyaguna, NIA Jaipur. 3. P.G. Scholar, Department of Panchakarma, Parul Institute of Ayurveda Vadodara. Gujarat. 4. Professor and HOD, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, NIA Jaipur. 5. Pharmacologist Mahatma Gandhi Ayurveda College Hospital & Reasearch Centre, Salod (H) Wardha. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 25 June 2020 Final Accepted: 30 July 2020 Published: August 2020


Objective:To observe the effect of compound qingdai pill and compound antaisu on active psoriasis.Methods:72 patients were randomly separated into two groups:observation group with oral administration of compound qingdai pill,compound antaisu and vitamin C,and external application of triamcinolone acetonide acetate urea ointment with continuous 2 weeks as a course;control group with the same treatment except for qingdai pill.Patients had return visit every week during treatment period.Results:Healing rate and total efficacy of observation group was significantly different from control group after 2 courses(P0.05).Conclusion:Combination of compound qingdai pill and compound antaisu is effective,safe,economical and with little side effect.


High spatial resolution column atmospheric water vapor amounts were derived from spectral data collected by the airborne visible-infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS), which covers the spectral region from 0.4 to 2.5 μm in 10-nm bands and has a ground instantaneous field of view of 20×20 m from an altitude of 20 km. The quantitative derivation is made by curve fitting observed spectra with calculated spectra in the 1.14-μm and 0.94-μm water vapor band absorption regions using an atmospheric model, a narrowband spectral model, and a nonlinear least squares fitting technique. The derivation makes use of the facts that (1) the reflectances of many ground targets vary approximately linearly with wavelength in the 0.94- and 1.14-μm water vapor band absorption regions, (2) the scattered radiation near 1 μm is small compared with the directly reflected radiation when the atmospheric aerosol concentrations are low, and (3) the scattered radiation in the lower part of the atmosphere is subjected to the water vapor absorption. The technique is directly applicable for retrieving column water vapor amounts from AVIRIS spectra measured on clear days with visibilities 20 km or greater. The precision of the retrieved column water vapor amounts from several data sets is 5% or better. Based on the analyses of an AVIRIS data set that was acquired within an hour of radiosonde launch, it appears that the accuracy approaches the precision. The derived column water vapor amounts are independent of the absolute surface reflectances. It now appears feasible to derive high spatial resolution column water vapor amounts over land areas from satellite altitude with the proposed high resolution imaging spectrometer (HIRIS). Curve fitting of spectra near 1 μm from areas covered with vegetation, using an atmospheric model and a simplified vegetation reflectance model, indicates that both the amount of atmospheric water vapor and the moisture content of vegetation can be retrieved simultaneously because the band centers of liquid water in vegetation and the atmospheric water vapor are offset by approximately 0.05 μm.


The Central Anatolian Fault System, which is the third longest strike-slip fault in Turkey, initiates at the north from Duzyayla (Sivas) and runs through Kayseri, Camard› (Nide), Kam›fll›, Pozant› and the Gulek Pass whe- re it finally passes through the north of Mersin and reaches Anamur with a trend of N60E. The part of the Cen- tral Anatolian Fault Zone (CAFZ) that lies between the east of Gulek and Namrun is called the Namrun Fault Zone. In this study, geological and morphotectonic features of the Namrun segment around Namrun town and its vicinity to the south of the Central Taurides, were investigated. The basement rock is composed of the Ce- hennemdere formation of Jurassic-Lower Cretaseous age represented by dolomite, dolomitic limestone and


A new and general proof of theorem [1] is presented, which accommodates directed angles and covers all possible configurations of line and conic. A sign convention for the use of directed angles in this setting is developed, and examples are given showing how this fundamental theorem can be used to establish, much more directly and succinctly, the many tangent/focus properties of conies.


To the Editor.— I was amazed and chagrined at the EDITORIAL "Drug Abuse: Pandemic," ( 214 :2327, 1970), which correctly called for an epidemiological approach, but dangerously and naively suggested that physicians become allies of the police by extracting and reporting information about drug pushers. It was with relief and gratitude that I read the EDITORIAL opposing this suggestion on sound ethical and therapeutic grounds ( 215 :1147, 1971). There is also a practical reason for physicians to avoid this course: it would do no good. The drug-using host is not passively assaulted by the agent as in infectious disease. He most often actively seeks out the pusher, who may be merely filling a market-place need. Pushers cannot be "identified, revealed, and removed" fast enough to make a significant dent in the problem, as the abysmal failure of the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs over the years has demonstrated. The epidemiology


The utility model discloses an improved newborn stomach irrigator which structurally comprises a washing fluid tank, a fluid collecting tank and a stomach washing tube. A negative pressure generator is arranged on the fluid collecting tank, the stomach washing tube is of a two-layer structure, an inner tube body is connected to a third joint of a three-way tube, an outer tube body is connected to an inflating tube, an air bag communicated with the outer tube body is arranged at the top of the stomach washing tube, rubber protrusions are evenly arranged on the outer side of the air bag, a through hole communicated with the inner tube body is further formed in the surface of the air bag, the stomach washing tube is connected with a uniparted hyperboloid-shaped tooth socket in a slideable and sleeved mode, the contact surface of the uniparted hyperboloid-shaped tooth socket and the stomach washing tube is provided with a damping layer, a fluid sucking hole is formed in the lower surface of the uniparted hyperboloid-shaped tooth socket, a negative pressure sucking tube is connected to the fluid sucking hole, and fixing bands are arranged on the upper surface of the uniparted hyperboloid-shaped tooth socket. According to the improved newborn stomach irrigator, the defects in the prior art can be overcome, use difficulty of the improved newborn stomach irrigator for medical personnel is reduced, and risks of injuries to the newborn in the stomach washing process are reduced.


Background: Myringoplasty is a procedure used to seal(reconstruct) a perforated tympanic membrane using a graft material by underlay or overlay techniques . Temporalis fascia is the commonly used graft material.Aim of study: to evaluate the difference in outcome of myringoplasty in cases of active and inactive chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma.Patients and Methods: a prospective study of 54 cases of myringoplasty in adult age group whom age ranges from (20-40 years) and the duration of the disease ranges from (6-24 months). All patients were complaining of chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma assessed clinically, audiologically and radiologically, all cases operated under general anesthesia and temporalis fascia grafting (underlay technique) via post-auricular incision.Results: twenty six (48.2%) patients had an active chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma while the remaining twenty eight (51.8%) patients had an inactive chronic otitis media without cholesteatoma those with an active disease 21 (80.8%) cases have successful closure of the perforation while in those 28 cases with an inactive disease 24 (85.7%) cases have successful closure of the perforation. Factors of gender, age, side of the perforation, duration of the perforation, and the pre-operative management for the active ears had no significant effect on the outcome of myringoplasty, P values = 0.5, 0.1, 0.9, 0.5, 0.6, 0.6 and 0.7 respectively which are > 0.05. The overall percentage of success of grafting was 83.3% and the failure of grafting was 16.7%.Conclusion:- The activity of the middle ear (infection) has little impact on the success rate of closure of tympanic membrane perforation.


This paper focused on an overview of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of Change, which has been the basis for developing effective interventions to promote health behavior change and demonstrated applications of the TTM. The TTM which describes how people modify a problem behavior or acquire a positive behavior and an integrative model of behavior change, developed by Drs. Prochaska and DiClemente in 1983. Key constructs from other theories are integrated: the central organizing construct of the model is the stages of change and the model also includes the processes of change, the decisional balance and the self-efficacy/temptation. Based on the review of Korean literatures and interventions using the TTM in this paper, future studies in nursing practice are suggested: 1) a study including a larger sample size; 2) a study testing the key constructs of the TTM and/or a concept analysis in Korean population including the consideration of a cultural context and measurement`s issues; 3) a factor analysis and/or discrimination analysis for the most influential mechanisms/strategies which can discriminate each changing stages; and 4) an intervention study examining its effectiveness in a variety setting including an appropriate measurement of the key constructs of the TTM.


Nodulation and rhizobium population in root nodules of 5- year old Leucaena leucocephala; Gliricidia sepium and Acacia mangium were assessed. Nodules of these tree legumes were quantified in terms of their numbers, lateral and vertical distribution while the rhizobium population in cultured nodules was counted as colony forming unit (Cfu/g). Leucaena leucocephala has the highest number of modules (24) followed by Gliricidia sepium (23) and least in Acacia mangium (18). The number of nodules in Acacia mangium was significantly (p,>0.05) lower than those of Leucocephala and G. sepium . Lateral and vertical distribution of nodules for the tree species varies significantly, with higher number of nodules found at 60cm from the base of the tree than at 30cm from the base of the tree except for Acacia mangium . Significantly, higher number of nodules occurred at the upper 20cm soil layer than at the deeper 40cm layer for all the three legume species. Microbial population in the nodules of Gliricidia sepium (24.6cfu/g) and Acacia mangium (19.0cfv/g.) were significantly higher than for Leucaena leucocephala (13.0cfu/g).
 Nigerian Journal of Soil Science Vol. 17 2007: pp. 65-70


Psychology scientific production indicates the exis tence of methodological and epistemological controversies. The emergency of new epistemological perspectives requires a discussion on the possibilities and the ch allenges of the knowledge construction process. Discussion ranges fro m the acknowledgement of subjectivity in the process of scientific investigation, which, in fact, underpins the overcom ing of dichotomical trends in the understanding of Psi phenomena, and subverts the positivist organization of thought. Si nce new ways for knowledge building are suggested, new concepts are provided as subjectivity factors. The researcher's labor becomes closer to that of the bricoleur's. Im plications in knowledge production are acknowledged and tension fields are c reated that facilitate a new understanding of the wor ld. The process of knowledge construction organizes and assures a more complex glance on Psi phenomena.


We have demonstrated zero-IF DPSK coherent optical detection at 1Gbit/s without the use of multiple receivers and special optical couplers. To achieve this, we have added a 1GHz sinusoidal phase switching signal to the NRZ phase modulator drive. The measured sensitivity of −37.5dBm, compared with a theoretical estimate of −54.8dBm, is impaired mainly by nonideal electronic circuits.


In this paper we propose the use of Discrete Cosine Transform Type-III (DCT3) for multicarrier modulation. There are two DCT3 (even and odd) and, for each of them, we derive the expressions for both prefix and suffix to be appended into each data symbol to be transmitted. Moreover, DCT3 are closely related to the corresponding inverse DCT Type-II even and odd. Furthermore, we give explicit expressions for the 1-tap per subcarrier equalizers that must be implemented at the receiver to perform the channel equalization in the frequency-domain. As a result, the proposed DCT3-based multicarrier modulator can be used as an alternative to DFT-based systems to perform Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing or Discrete Multitone Modulation.