Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of interventional treatment of sodium hyaluronate for temporoman-dibular disorders in the aged.Methods An outcome analysis of interventional treatment of sodium hyaluronate(SH) for temporomandibular disorders in the aged.40 TMD aged patients with limited mouth opening and temporomandibular pain were choosed who suffered conservative treatment.Then we dividing them into the two groups,the experiment group(injection SH after pouring intra-capsular),another group was the contrasrive group(only pouring intra-capsular).The mouth-opening and pain-cured of two groups were observed.Results After a course of treatment(once per week,three weeks),it seems that SH group was better than the contrastive group,not only on mouth-opening and pain-cured,but also on the mandibular motion.The data was significant difference in statistics(P0.01).Conclusion It seems that the way of injection SH after pouring intra-capsular can gain better outcome than only pouring intra-capsular,SH can improved significantly the mouth-opening and pain-cured of the aged TMD patients.


A plasma enhanced pilot including a swirler mechanism is configured to be inserted into an existing blank (purge air) or liquid fuel (dual fuel) cartridge space within the centerbody of a lean, premixed land-based gas turbine combustor fuel nozzle.


This article concerns the problem of creating intellectuallized instruction programs. We suggest applying intelligent agent and multi-agent technologies for the creation of such programs. Two examp ...


In this article, to solve trajectory tracing problem and vibration suppression for a planar two-link rigid-flexible manipulator subject to joint-velocity measurement noise, a novel uncalibrated visual servoing control is proposed. To begin with, the manipulator's dynamic model is established by the assumed mode method (AMM). On this basis, based on the singular perturbation theory, two subsystem controllers are designed, one is slow subsystem controller, and the other one is fast subsystem controller. In the slow subsystem, to cope with the complication of the camera calibration, an adaptive algorithm is formulated to evaluate the parameters of a fixed camera online. Aiming to overcome the challenge that exact joint-velocity measurement may be disturbed by external noise, a nonlinear sliding observer is developed to estimate the state of joint velocity accurately. The asymptotic convergence of image tracking error is proved by means of Lyapunov analysis. Additionally, for the purpose of restraining the flexible beam's elastic vibration, a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) approach is adopted in the fast subsystem control design. The realistic comparing simulation experiments are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller.


The nonprofit consortium California Colleges for International Education (CCIE) is a working example of how a formal association involving community colleges uses collaboration to achieve a fundamental goal of increasing student awareness of international issues through study abroad programs. For over 30 years, CCIE members have worked together to advocate internationalization and to sustain organized efforts that share best practices and forge partnerships between colleges within a state system. CCIE member colleges have worked together to advocate and initiate the growth of study abroad programs through institutional collaborations.


Mobility in education can be caused by families moving from city to city or state to state as employment and housing changes for them; however, it can also be the result of families moving their children from one school to another within the same area, for other, more personal reasons. As the student mobility rate rises, concerns about its impact on the young learner increase (Wright, 1999). This research investigated student mobility in a regional area in northern Queensland where the mobility rate increases each year. Through interviews with school personnel and some parents, a number of issues surrounding student mobility were examined. These included antecedents to mobility, perceived impact of mobility on students and strategies to address issues of mobility.


Abstract : The report examines the logistical implications of the U.S. Army's doctrinal evolution for AirLand Operations. The operational cycle for AirLand Operations is reviewed to determine possible logistical requirements and doctrinal implications deduced from those requirements. Particular emphasis is placed on command, control, organization, plans, execution, and functions for logistics. Both combat support and combat service support are analyzed to assess support needs for the nonlinear battlefield. The role of the multifunctional support organization is also examined. The report concludes that new concepts for logistics will be needed.


Transient electronics is an emerging field oftechnology where the controlled, programmable vaporizationof a device is needed because retrieval is not possible or adifferent form of disposal is desired. Decomposable polymersare of interest and may be used to form electronic componentsand packages. The ability to trigger these polymers todepolymerize and vaporize at ambient conditions can lead tomany applications. Low ceiling temperature polyaldehydeshave been evaluated for transience. Incorporation of morevolatile monomer units significantly increase the evaporationrate of decomposition products. The stimulus fordisappearance is a photochemical reaction that has beenextended from the ultraviolet to the visible region. Chemicalamplification of the trigger source has been demonstrated withacid amplifiers.


This study examines library media teachers' perception of information literacy, their current levels of information literacy competencies, and the factors affecting information literacy implementation in secondary schools. 36 library media teachers from Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Kuala Lumpur participated in this self-report questionnaire-based survey. Respondents knew what information literacy is and perceived it as much needed skills. Skills to identify information needed obtained a mean of 3.94 and skills to synthesize information scored the lowest mean of 3.47. They need continuing education opportunities, professional development, information literacy and LIS training. The country needs a national information agenda, policy and guidelines to implement information literacy. Introduction As the information world changes, the development of technology and information resources creates a vast range of information. It is becoming readily available in different forms, which in turn require different techniques to access and utilize this information. This contributes to diverse, complex, and excessive information in the education environment (Bruce, 2002; Pinto, Cordón, & Gómez Díaz, 2010). The learning of information literacy skills becomes necessary in order for someone to be able to differentiate needed information from the vast information sources. Unfortunately, information literacy is still a new concept for developing countries. It tends to be confused with information communication and technology literacy. They know about information literacy concepts but are in need of more exposure and training in information literacy (Diao & Chandrawati, 2005; Educational Technology Division, 2005; Norhayati, 2009). At present, schools, as well as school libraries, are in many cases equipped with modern infrastructure and facilities, such as multimedia teaching courseware, computing facilities and internet connections, to enhance the students' academic achievement. However, in many places, the education system still emphasizes the traditional content based curriculum to determine students' achievement. The use of the available technology without clearly understanding and utilizing the information skills does not help students to become information literate, which is very necessary for lifelong learning (Combes, 2005). Information literacy, simply stated, is the ability to find the right information and knowing how to use it. Thus, the need of information literacy is crucial for students to learn and equip themselves with the skills and knowledge to distinguish valuable information from the unwanted. These skills are not innate but are to be learned and best inculcated to students by information literate library media teachers (Boekhorst, 2003; Henri, 2001; Horton, 2006; Ranaweera, 2008). Various research studies have shown that library media teachers have expertise in pedagogy, information skills, knowledge of resources, teaching skills, providing in-service training to teachers, and managing an 'information portal' (Combes, 2005; Spence, 2005). They are ideally the key persons who have the overarching curriculum knowledge, the collaborative background, and ability to manage the curriculum resources across the school to provide the benefits of inculcating information literacy in secondary school students (Combes, 2005; Abrizah, 2008;). The criterion for the selection of library media teachers were set in the Education Ministry circular, appendix 2a (2005). Although library media teachers are trained teachers, they still need to fulfill the requirement of having a minimum of three years teaching experience. Once their services are confirmed with at least three years of teaching experience, they are eligible to become library media teachers. The minimum library 2 © 2010 IASL, SLAQ and therein by the authors. Diversity Challenge Resilience: School Libraries in Action Proceedings of the 12 Biennial School Library Association of Queensland, the 39 International Association of School Librarianship Annual Conference incorporating the 14 International Forum on Research in School Librarianship, Brisbane QLD Australia, 27 September – 1 October 2010. science qualification required is the Basic Thirty-five Hours School Resource Centre Management Course and the highest qualification is the Masters' degree in Library and Information Science or Education Technology or Information Science Studies. However, these criterions are flexible. Teachers who do not have any basic library science qualifications would be recommended to attend the Basic Thirty–five Hours School Resource Centre Management Course followed by the Advance Forty-five Hours School Resource Centre Management Course prior to or subsequent to their appointment as library media teachers (Abrizah, 1999). Although there are, continuity courses such as the Fourteen Weeks and One Year In-Service School Resource Centre Management courses but these courses are non-compulsory courses. Moreover, qualified library media teachers who have attended these courses may not be guaranteed appointments as library media teachers in schools. Library media teachers are key stakeholders in the implementation of information literacy. But how well equipped are these library media teachers themselves to implement information literacy? It is assumed that having gone through a library education programme, and perhaps some continuing education programmes, or self-development programmes, these library media teachers would be prepared to teach information literacy. Do they really understand the concept of information literacy? Are they familiar with the pedagogy of it? How well can they deliver it? These are among the questions that beg answers to ensure that these critical stakeholders are able to play their roles effectively. Statement of problem Library media teachers are important stakeholders in the Malaysian school system. They help to achieve the goals of information literacy in schools. However, teaching information literacy seems to be the responsibility of library media teachers but unfortunately, all information literacy activities are isolated from everyday classroom practices. The concept of information literacy has yet to become part of the curriculum unit or pedagogical issues (Chan, 2002). After all, information literacy is necessary in the building of a knowledge society. Information literacy education is a prerequisite for the attainment of information literacy status in all target groups. The recent and growing attention given to information literacy is timely, and policy makers in many countries have to be made aware of the state of information literacy practices in their countries (Educational Technology Division, 2005). However, Malaysia experiences the lukewarm situation without any proper proactive action to move ahead with implementations. Other researchers emphasize the need to build a concept of information literacy in their nations. They aim to verify the presence of information skills in educational policy documents. To achieve this, it is necessary to change the school culture and the conception of learning and to improve the training of library media teachers and the information infrastructure (Campello, 2009). Thus, Norhayati (2009), asserted that the information literacy knowledge and implementation are minimal for them and the training of information literacy and implementation is not put into practice in Malaysia. Added to this, many library media teachers and principals are not aware of its importance and it is not yet used systematically and comprehensively in the schools (Diao & Chandrawati, 2005). Therefore, indeed there is a gap to investigate how much library media teachers know about information literacy. In the early days, the integration of information literacy into library media teacher preparation and development has not occurred. Library media teachers cannot prepare their students to be information literate unless they themselves understand how to find and use information. If they are to use information so that others can learn from them, then library media teachers must be information literate (Carr, 1998). As a result, many library media teachers often lack adequate information literacy skills and are unprepared to teach information literacy concepts and research strategies to their own students. Some library media teachers only have adequate information literacy skills in their own subject area, in one language. Their skills are not interdisciplinary. Therefore, library media teachers must be information literate if they are to effectively prepare students to actively participate in the education process (Boelens, 2006; Duke & Ward, 2009). Further research in local scenario finds that the library media teachers also generally perceive themselves to have 'average' to 'poor' levels of information literacy including the technology skills and information 3 © 2010 IASL, SLAQ and therein by the authors. Diversity Challenge Resilience: School Libraries in Action Proceedings of the 12 Biennial School Library Association of Queensland, the 39 International Association of School Librarianship Annual Conference incorporating the 14 International Forum on Research in School Librarianship, Brisbane QLD Australia, 27 September – 1 October 2010. retrieval skills in the self-report study. This brings to light that there is a need for further training and support, although a detailed study of their actual skills needs to be carried out first. For that reason, this research attempts to unearth the facts and realities of the library media teachers' information literacy vagueness in Malaysia (Tan & Diljit, 2008). Other reasons due to the progress and innovation of information technologies, traditional physical part of school libraries have developed into virtual online libraries with automation systems, digital systems, online facilities and the integration of these


Infusion of soybean oil-based Intralipid is a major risk factor for parenteral nutrition (PN)–associated cholestasis that often occurs in infants treated with prolonged PN for short bowel syndrome. Parenteral fish oil–based lipid emulsion (Omegaven) has been reported to treat this condition, but it is not readily available in the United States and still requires a central venous catheter for administration. Enteral administration of Microlipid has been shown to decrease ostomy output and facilitate weight gain in infants with enterostomies. We describe 2 premature infants with short bowel syndrome who received early supplementation with enteral Microlipid and fish oil after bowel resection, and became independent of PN without cholestasis.


We have designed an all-silica capillary-based Fabry-Perot ultra-high-pressure sensor with minimized thermal response, which exhibits a pressure sensitivity of 21.638 nm/MPa from 0 to 16 MPa and a low temperature-cross sensitivity of 1.761×10−4 MPa/°C.


The invention in providing an e may be the electronic algae flow to the display in real time over which the start-up vessel for smooth progress of the test and marine pollution in case of rapid control of the algae flow makes it possible to perform the task means in the area. The invention assignment to data to the electronic chart 10, the node extracting unit 20 divides a region at a predetermined grating structure to extract the nodes from each of the lattice of, assigned to the grid and a node of the node extracting unit 20 ( 30), and a real-time time slot flow and the main server 40, which is intensity, etc. are stored, the current location information to the DGPS phase associated with the electronic chart 10 of the birds to the node extracted from the assignment (30) to said data and vessel position receiving section 50 for receiving a current position and a certain area or with the main server 40, the area selected to be connected to the mode (60) to select a time for the region selected by the region selection mode (60) bird display means 70 for displaying the flow and intensity, and is connected to the main server 40 is provided with a display unit 80 for outputting a selected area information algae flow and intensity for a particular area the user is randomly selected display unit 80 can display Even with the electron 70 also characterized in that the display with the bed 10.


In the radio frequency range antennas make it possible to direct the emission of an oscillator in a very controlled way towards the receiver. In the optical frequency range, particle plasmons, i.e., collective resonant oscillations of the electrons in a metal nanoparticle, are a good candidate for antennas. Albeit, simple downscaling of concepts from radio waves is not possible, as, for example, losses in metals are much higher in the optical range. In this project, our 'oscillator' is a single GaAs semiconductor quantum dot which shows very stable photoemission. The 'antenna' is a metal nanowire in close proximity. The nanoantenna modifies the radiative emission rate krad of the quantum dot, but also absorbs power, i.e., modifies the non-radiative rate kNR. Both can be deduced by their influence on the luminescence intensity I and lifetime τ of a single quantum dot.


Background: Ropivacaine is a new local anaesthetic available for spinal and epidural anaesthesia. When new drugs are being introduced for spinal application, their effect on spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) should be studied for safety and toxicological aspects. In the present study, SCBF was studied after intrathecal (i. t.) application of ropivacaine and bupivacaine with and without epinephrine.


Zinc-containing electric steelmaking dusts belong to the least recyclable group of solid wastes, and are mostly stored in the tailings pond. Using pyro-metallurgical methods for processing of such raw materials is complicated by a high consumption rate of reducing agent, corrosion of furnace linings, and low quality of zinc obtained. Application of hydrometallurgical technologies is constrained by the fact that zinc in the dust is often found as zinc ferrite, which can hardly be recovered by alkalis, while acids are almost impossible to use due to the reaction of transition into solution of iron. The authors studied the process of hydrometallurgical zinc extraction from anthropogenic dust with a salt solution at the "Severstal" Public Joint-Stock Company. Experimentally determined, that under optimal parameters of ammonium chloride leaching it is possible to have almost complete and selective zinc recovery into the solution to form ferrous cake suitable to be re-used in the blast furnaces. Isolation of zinc from leaching solution is possible due to zinc hydroxide deposition by means of ammonia distillation, followed by drying and calcining of the deposited hydroxide to obtain a marketable zinc oxide. It is concluded that increased levels of zinc ferritization in the leached material make a very slight adverse effect, insignificantly reducing the degree of zinc extraction in the solution, while maintaining the level of iron transition into the solution at the minimal level.


We consider the problem of computing the family of operator norms recently introducedin [1]. We develop a family of semidefinite programs that can be used to exactly computethem in small dimensions and bound them in general. Some theoretical consequencesfollow from the duality theory of semidefinite programming, including a new constructiveproof that for all r there are non-positive partial transpose Werner states that are r-undistillable. Several examples are considered via a MATLAB implementation of thesemidefinite program, including the case of Werner states and randomly generated statesvia the Bures measure, and approximate distributions of the norms are provided. Weextend these norms to arbitrary convex mapping cones and explore their implicationswith positive partial transpose states.


ABSTRACT In this work, we consider the problem for an infinite medium with a spherical cavity on temperature-dependent properties subjected to a stress shock and thermal shock under the fractional-order theory of generalized thermoelasticity. The modulus of elasticity and the coefficient of thermal conductivity are taken as linear function of temperature. The governing equations for the problem are formulated and then solved by Laplace transform together with its numerical inversion. The nondimensional temperature, displacement, radial stress, and hoop stress are obtained and illustrated graphically. In the calculation, the emphasis is focused on investigating the effect of temperature-dependent properties on the variations of the considered variables. The graphical results indicate that the temperature-dependent modulus of elasticity plays a significant role on all the physical quantities.


Nine crosses, involving three alleles, were used in a study of recombination at the pdx-1 locus of Neurospora. In two of the crosses, an unusually high ratio of apparent gene conversion was observe...


A 21 T superconducting magnet system has been developed and improved at the National Research Institute for Metals in Japan. As the steady progress of high-T/sub c/ superconducting coils required a larger bore for testing their performance, a new innermost coil has been developed. We increased the available bore from 50 mm to 61 mm. The new coil employed three kinds of rectangular (Nb,Ti)/sub 3/Sn conductors. External copper stabilized these conductors, with a Cu:SC ratio of only 0.25. The new coil operated in a 160 mm diameter clear bore with a background field of 18 T in saturated superfluid helium, generating a central field of 21.5 T without any training behavior. A double walled dewar, the outer diameter of which was 60 mm, was also developed. With this dewar, the new system provides a temperature-variable bore of 50 mm.


What does it mean to be a young writer? Not much, unless you've made it onto one of ''the lists.'' These lists—the New Yorker's ''20 Under 40,'' Granta's ''20 Under 40,'' et al.—turn young writers into Young Writers. Now you are the object of fascination, of jealousy, of applause, sometimes even disdain. Now the public has been invited not only to celebrate your talent and productivity but also to consider, explicitly, your youth. The National Book Award's ''5 Under 35'' series is such a list. The writers chosen to receive this year's honor—Melissa Moustakis, John Corey Whaley, Danielle Evans, Mary Beth Keane, and Shani Boianjiu (whose book has not yet been published and so will not be discussed in this space)—provide us with an opportunity to consider what it means to be a Young Writer, not only in terms of their exceptional early promise but in the nature of their work itself. This year's winners have written works that should rightly be celebrated at any age. Yet each is Young in his or her outlook—and by this I don't mean that the writing isn't mature, or that the authors write about young people (though all of them do). Rather, it is their positioning within and toward the literary conversation they are entering that makes their writing fundamentally Young. Each of these books charts new terrain within a familiar literary landscape, giving readers important clues to the ideological orientation of fiction in the decade or so to come.


This paper discusses the use of diary‐keeping as part of an evaluation of a complex, community‐based health promotion initiative, using the Mobile Information Bus (MIB) as an example. The MIB was designed to provide health and related information for living adolescents in rural areas of Northeast Scotland. The general strengths and limitations of diary‐keeping as a research method are discussed alongside an account of the evaluators' experiences of using this method within the MIB context, as well as suggestions for improving the efficacy of diary‐keeping as a research method. In addition, the results of an extensive literature search on the topic of diaries as a research method are reported. As part of the MIB evaluation, the diary provided a contemporaneous, in‐depth account of the intervention in operation. Those engaged in evaluation of similar types of projects (particularly related to process evaluation) may find the use of a project diary a useful adjunct to other research methods.


Background. It is difficult to analyze the energy efficiency of 110 kV electrical networks due to the lack of the possibility to conduct experiments on operating equipment, namely on power transformers. The existing methods of mathematical calculation of electrical networks do not provide a wide opportunity to study the modes of 110 kV networks. Computational experiments to analyze the energy efficiency of equipment operation reduce the risks of equipment damage and injury of maintenance personnel. Also, it allows you to explore the necessary operation modes of a 110 kV electrical network, including power transformers. Materials and methods. The transformer model is developed in the Matlab virtual laboratory using the Simpowersystem toolbox. Results. The passport data of the transformer of the type TDTN-25000/110-U1 are given. The use of a star circuit instead of a T-shaped equivalent circuit is studied since the transformer has three windings. Virtual models are developed to conduct short circuit and open circuit experiments. The calculation of the magnetization curve of the transformer core is carried out. Using a new virtual model of a transformer of the TDTN-25000/110-U1 type, the processes of short circuit and open circuit are studied. The correspondence of the simulation results and the passport data of a real transformer is presented. The oscillograms of the magnetizing current inrush are obtained. They also correspond to the real ones. Conclusions. The model error in comparison with the passport data of a real transformer does not exceed 5 %. The model is recommended to be used to analyze the energy efficiency of 110 kV electrical networks. The promising trend to research the model of a power transformer is to add the voltage regulator under load as the operation condition.


The research is aimed to investigate and analyze the soundness of commercial banks, based on Financial Services Authority Circular Letter Regulation No. 14/SEOJK.03/2017. The sample in this study was PT. Bank JTrust Indonesia Tbk, period 2014-2018. The analytical tool used is the Bank's health report on factors that use the net performing loan (NPL) ratio and the ratio of loans to deposits (LDR), corporate governance factors using self-assessment reports of good corporate governance (GCG), profitability factors with using the ratio of return on assets (ROA) and net interest margin (NIM) and capital factors using the capital adequacy ratio (CAR).The results of this study indicate that from the results of the study, commercial banks, commercial banks with results that are less healthy and unhealthy. Based on the NPL ratio in 2014 with unhealthy results, based on the LDR ratio in 2016 and 2017 with fairly healthy results. Based on the factors of corporate governance / GCG in 2014 the results of the assessment were not good.Based on the ROA ratio in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2018 with unhealthy results and in 2017 with fairly healthy results. Based on the NIM ratio in 2014 with Unhealthy results and in 2015 with Unhealthy Results. And based on the CAR ratio of all banks in the healthy category (very healthy, healthy, quite healthy).


Local buckling behavior of cold‐formed steel wall studs with rectangular web perforations is investigated experimentally and analytically. Stub column tests on short sections not subject to overall buckling are examined. The unified effective width approach to local buckling presented in the 1986 Specification for the Design of Cold‐Formed Steel Structural Members of the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) is modified to model the perforated section. The web is idealized as two unstiffened elements extending the length of the member. In addition, the current AISI stub column‐based empirical approach and a "simplified" method used by some designers are examined. In the simplified approach, perforation effects are ignored unless the perforation is located in a portion of the web that is at least partially effective. Comparisons made between predictions of post‐buckling strengths using the unstiffened strip approach and the stub column test results show the unstiffened strip model to be a useful design ...


Research of plant development and metabolism has drawn lots of attention with the fast development
of science of mycorrhizal biology, molecular biology and metabonomics technology. It has become one of
hot fields in the study of endophytes and plant, which would affect plant 's metabolite composition. This would
provide opportunity for appraising and modifying traits to medicinal plant, and would also perfect the tranditional
standpoint on forming reason of medicinal plant genuineness. Here we provide a review of theory and
mechanism, research and application of interaction between plant and endophyte. This review may enhance
understanding of medicinal plant, and evaluating the quality of herbs in production.


Accurate detection of nanometer CMOS circuits is one of the most critical issues for tolerating the negative bias temperature instability (NBTI). In this paper, a fully digital on-chip aging detector, which achieves a direct correlation between the threshold voltage degradation (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\Delta }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Vth) and the phase difference, has been proposed. The linear correlation is realized based on our revised Schmitt triggers in which the stressed and the fresh devices are embedded. Moreover, the readout circuit has been designed to count, lock, and output the samples through a parallel-to-serial converter. The main contributions include: 1) good linear correlation between <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\Delta }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>Vth and the pulse width is provided; 2) the measurement resolution can be adjusted by changing the input slope; and 3) the circuits are almost independent to process and voltage due to the symmetrical structure and layout matching. The prototype chip has been fabricated in a 1.1 V, 36-nm CMOS technology. The measured equivalent resolution is 3.4 ns/mV under <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1~{\mu }\text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> rise-time sawtooth input, which is sufficient to suppress the unwanted recovery. Compared with the traditional testing, the proposed detector can satisfy the surveillance of NBTI degradation. This flexible architecture can be easily revised to accommodate other aging mechanisms, such as PBTI and HCI.


Aspects of the reproduction of Bolbocoleon piliferum N. Pringsheim, a common, small, filamentous, endophytic marine green alga, were examined by LM and TEM. These observations were combined with phylogenetic analysis of nuclear‐encoded small subunit rRNA gene sequences to assess the phylogenetic position of B. piliferum. Quadriflagellate zoospores and planozygotes derived from fusion of isogametes yielded plants with identical morphology. Zoosporangia and gametangia divided by sequential cleavages. Plugs at the apices of zoosporangia and gametangia formed during development; tubes were found at zoosporangial and gametangial apices after swarmer release. Flagellar apparatuses of zoospores and gametes were similar to those of algae in the Ulvales (Ulvophyceae), except that terminal caps were entire rather than bilobed and rhizoplasts and "stacked" microtubular root configurations were absent. Structures associated with planozygotes were identical to those observed in other algae currently assigned to Ulotrichales and Ulvales. Molecular phylogenetic analyses placed B. piliferum within the Ulvophyceae, at the base of a clade that contains representatives of the families Ulvaceae, Ulvellaceae, and Kornmanniaceae. The results support an earlier hypothesis that B. piliferum constitutes a distinct lineage. Analyses including Kornmanniaceae recover monophyletic Ulotrichales and Ulvales, whereas analyses omitting the Kornmanniaceae indicate that Ulotrichales is paraphyletic. The structures associated with gamete fusion are conserved within Ulotrichales and Ulvales and perhaps more widely within Chlorophyta.


Abstract The Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) numerical system established since 2002 for jet-noise computation is first evaluated in terms of recent gains in accuracy with increased computer resources, and is then used to explore the relatively new microjetŽ noise-reduction concept (injection of high-pressure microjets in the vicinity of the main jet nozzle exit), which currently attracts significant attention in the aeroacoustic community. The simulations are found to capture the essential features of the flow/turbulence and the far-field noise alteration by the microjets observed in experiments, and to reveal the subtle flow feat uresresponsible for the effect of injection on noise. They also confirm the experimental observation that in static conditions micr ojets provide a noise reduction comparable with that from chevrons in the low-frequency range, and probably have a less pronounced high-frequency penalty. This positive evaluation of the microjets concept is, however, mitigated by results of simulations in f lightconditions, which were never studied experimentally. The latter results, which are awaiting an experimental verification, make apractical use of the concept in its current form rather unlikely. © 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.


The study examines what characterizes situations that facilitate young children´s participation in exploratory scientific dialogues in outdoor education. By using action cameras mounted to the chest of three children (5-6 years) and two pedagogues during an outdoor session, recordings of 106 scientific dialogues are identified and analyzed in terms of categories describing the communicative project (the purpose) of the dialogues. These categories are: exploring, informing/presenting, and calling for attention. Children´s findings of nature elements initiated 60% of the scientific dialogues between children and pedagogues. Children´s utterances as "Look at this!" are often starting points for these dialogues. It is showed how pedagogues can extend the dialogue by using follow-up questions and encouraging children in applying their senses when exploring their findings. The study also indicates that visiting an area that offers rich possibilities of experiences and findings of nature elements, could enhance the children´s participation in exploratory scientific dialogues.


Abstract This paper reports on the dry erosive wear performance of Inconel 718 clads deposited on SS-304 substrates through microwave hybrid heating technique. Clads were deposited using a domestic microwave applicator at 2·45 GHz and 900 W. The microstructural observations of the Inconel 718 clad indicate good metallurgical bonding with the substrate and revealed no visible interfacial cracking. The microhardness of the clads was assessed using a Vicker's microhardness tester and the average microhardness in the clads was 564±22 HV. Erosive wear performance of the clads was evaluated using an air jet erosion test setup as per ASTM G76 standard. The effect of varying impact angle was studied; the results have been discussed with the help of SEM images of the worn surfaces. It was observed that the improved erosive performance of the Inconel 718 clads was due to presence of strengthening intermetallic phases (Ni3Ti, Ni3Al) in the tough Ni–Fe–Cr matrix.


Objective To prepare doxorubicin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles and evaluate its biocompatibility and function of delivering doxorubicin into cancer cells.Methods Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSN)were achieved by condensation methods.The morphology was examined by transmission electron microscope and dynamic light scattering particle size and analyzer.Doxorubicin loaded MSN was achieved by stirring.The encapsulation efficiency,drug loading rate and in vitro cumulative release rate were evaluated by UV-Vis spectrophotometry.The biocompatibility of MSN was measured with MTT assay.Confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM)was employed to study its function of delivering doxorubicin into cancer cells.Results Nanoparticles distribution was uniform.The average particle size was about 70 nm(PDI0.1).The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading rate was above 20%(w).MSN shows good compatibility and could easily be uptaken into MCF-7 cells.Conclusions Mesoporous silica nanoparticles with high drug encapsulation efficiency can be used as the carrier of anticancer drug doxorubicin.


August Strindberg, an outstanding playwright, novelist, and short-story writer, who in his works combined the Darwinian theory, studies of human psychology, further definition of naturalism as well. Miss Julie is supposed to be a naturalistic tragedy. It is the Darwinian struggle in life and self- analysis through dreams that compose the characteristics of this naturalistic masterpiece. In the preface to the play, Strindberg offers readers hints by dint of suggesting a special scene in biological links. He says, "Life is not so mathematically idiotic as only to permit the big to eat the small; it happens just as often that the bee kills the lion or at least drives it mad." Through the suggestion, Strindberg offers readers much space to think the question about the so-called "survival of the fittest", which is keyed to the understanding of the fatal ending of the play in the light of the social class and living attitude.
This thesis is divided into five chapters. The philosophical and literal background of Strindberg's time, the introduction of the playwright and the play will be included in the first chapter. An analytical study of the characters: Julie, Jean and Kristin will be respectively discussed in the following three chapters. It is the difference of social class that contributes the different living attitudes of Julie, Jean and Kristin. Confucius' doctrine of "Rectification of Name" maintains the social order, however. Because lacking of self-consciousness of their class, Julie and Jean misstep into the net of doom. It means a lot to us that only Kristin leads a peaceful life even she is soft and not striving. I guess perhaps the Ancient Chinese philosopher Lao-tzu might have already known the truth.


New aromatic polyamides (aramids) having inherent viscosities of 0.5–2.6 dL/g were prepared by the direct polycondensation of 4,4′-diaminotriphenylamine with various aromatic dicarboxylic acids in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. These aramids were amorphous and soluble in a variety of solvents such as N,N-dimethyl-acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and pyridine, and afforded transparent and tough films by solvent casting. The glass transition temperatures of these aramids were in the range of 280–310°C, and the 10% weight loss temperatures were above 430°C in air.


Abstract Some of the first Europeans in Australia speculated that the centre of the continent hid an inland sea surrounded by well-watered plains. In the late twentieth century, this utopian imagination transferred from an imagination of water to one associated with Indigenous Australians. In an era of global cultural traffic, the painting movement from remote Australia constitutes a utopian communication that wants to bring about better relations between Indigenous people and the rest of the world. Despite the many dystopian images of Indigenous communities and the Aboriginal art industry presented by scholars and media alike, here I want to argue that this painting is itself a utopian communication. It is, first, associated with Indigenous communities whose values are contrary to those of Australian capitalism. Historically, utopian fiction and utopian theory has been critical of capitalism. Painting from remote communities continues this utopian tradition, as it represents an alternative way of life. Second, the very act of painting is itself utopian, its communication between cultures staging a means for greater understanding. The Indigenous intervention, then, is one that is both critical of Western society and hopeful for better cultural relations.


Calcineurin, which is a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase, is a key mediator in calcium signaling in diverse biological processes and of clinical importance as the target of the immunosuppressant FK506. To identify a mutant(s) in which calcineurin is activated, inhibiting cellular growth as a result, we screened for a mutant(s) whose temperature sensitivity would be suppressed by FK506 from the budding yeast non-essential gene deletion library. We found that the temperature sensitivity of cells in which the conserved Verprolin VRP1 gene had been deleted, which gene is required for actin organization and endocytosis, was suppressed by either FK506 or by cnb1 deletion. Indeed, the calcineurin activity increased significantly in the ∆vrp1 cells. Finally, we demonstrated that the ∆vrp1 strain to be useful as an indicator in a positive screening for bioactive compounds inhibiting calcineurin.


Basic principles and techniques of construction of bored pile foundations of highway and railroad bridges by using pile-wall and single pile construction methods are discussed and different possibilities of necessary pile head support in massive or steel superstructures are described as examples.


The paper holds that, although, with half a century's development, the higher education of West China has accomplished tremendous achievements, it nevertheless is challenged in the new era by the more demands for higher quality, more efficient structure, a balanced layout and steady talent supply, and in order to further the higher education in West China measures ought to be taken to accommodate it to the broader strategy of the West China Development Policy.


Revolving around the purpose,function,characteristic connotation and target positioning orientation of topic-choosing of academic journals,as well as the relationship between journals' topic-choice and editors' ability of choosing topics in colleges and universities in minority areas,the author discusses the means of cultivating editors' ability to choose topics and puts forward the four training models and three necessary practice links in order to improve editors' ability.


THE PRESENT communication concludes our study of the effects produced by the chronic treatment of animals with implants or extracts of pituitaries of the same species. In our last publication on this topic (Katzman, Wade and Doisy, 1939), we reported that the sera obtained from sheep during 262 days of treatment with sheep pituitary extract continued to exhibit progonadotropic activity when tested with the same pituitary extract in immature female rats. In no instance during this period did this serum manifest inhibitory activity. Data were also presented showing that the sera of pigs treated for as long as 364 days with pig pituitary extract failed to exhibit consistent augmentatory or inhibitory properties. At this time we wish to present the data which we have obtained from a continuation of the above studies. The animals Sh 2 (ewe), Sh 3 (ram), Sh 4 (ram) and Pg 2 (sow)


Rhythms are a common feature of brain activity. Across different types of rhythms, the phase has been proposed to have functional consequences, thus requiring its accurate specification from noisy data. Phase is conventionally specified using techniques that presume a frequency band-limited rhythm. However, in practice, observed brain rhythms are typically non-sinusoidal and amplitude modulated. How these features impact methods to estimate phase remains unclear. To address this, we consider three phase estimation methods, each with different underlying assumptions about the rhythm. We apply these methods to rhythms simulated with different generative mechanisms and demonstrate inconsistency in phase estimates across the different methods. We propose two improvements to the practice of phase estimation: (1) estimating confidence in the phase estimate, and (2) examining the consistency of phase estimates between two (or more) methods. Significant Statement Rhythms in the brain can coordinate the activity of individual neurons and communication within brain networks, making these rhythms a target for therapeutic interventions. Brain rhythms manifest in diverse ways, appearing with sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal waveforms, multiple peak frequencies, and variable durations. Across this diversity of rhythms, an important feature to characterize is the rhythm's phase. In this manuscript, we demonstrate the ambiguity inherent in estimating phase from neural data. We propose estimating uncertainty in the phase and comparing multiple phase estimators improves phase estimation in practice.


Career decision-making self-efficacy and the Big Five traits of neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness were examined as predictors of career indecision in a sample of 181 undergraduates. Participants completed an online survey. I predicted that the Big Five traits and career decision-making self-efficacy would (a) interrelate moderately and (b) each relate significantly and moderately to career indecision. In addition, I predicted that career decision-making self-efficacy would partially mediate the relationships between the Big Five traits and career indecision, while the Big Five traits were predicted to moderate the relationship between self-efficacy and career indecision. All predicted correlations were significant. Self-efficacy fully mediated the relationship of Extraversion to career indecision and partially mediated the relationships of Neuroticism and Conscientiousness to career indecision. Conscientiousness was found to moderate the relationship of self-efficacy to career indecision such that the negative relation between self-efficacy and career indecision was stronger in the presence of high conscientiousness.


Spinoza's notion of freedom confronts us with a paradoxical idea: on the one hand, freedom requires us to act with rational insight into the causally determined order of the natural world. On the other hand, grasping this order seems to leave us with the insight that there is nothing that could be justly termed a human person. As I see it, the key to resolving this tension is to be sought within a special reading of Spinoza's theory of the striving for selfpreservation (conatus): I shall argue that Spinoza's conatus doctrine entails an appropriation thesis: according to Spinoza's account, we ought to re-describe our personal histories in terms of a gradual appropriation of the natural order and take supposedly external causes as our own reasons for action. The present paper tries to set out this solution and its difficulties against the background of the contemporary debate on freedom.


A new approach for the linearization of calibration curves in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) with Zeeman background correction was tested experimentally in an intermediate concentration region before rollover. The computational procedure employed the Newton method of successive approximations and was based on the theoretical model of L'vov et al. The calculations were based on three measured parameters: the rollover absorbance, Ar; the sensitivity ratio at the rollover point, R′; and the original background-corrected peak absorbances Az. This computational procedure generated corrected normalized integrated absorbance values A0,n with the slope identical to the slope of the original linear part of the calibration curve. The new computational procedure was employed for the linearization of calibration curves of chromium, copper, lead, manganese, silver, and thallium in Zeeman GFAAS under stabilized temperature platform furnace (STPF) conditions. Overall, the new computational procedure was able to extend the linear range of the calibration curves by a factor of 2–3 for the tested elements.


Review(s) of: Clic. Cultura E Lingua D'Italia in CD-ROM, culture and language of Italy on CD-ROM., by J. J. Kinder, Novara: Interlinea, 2008, ISBN 978-88-8212-637-7.


Background: Abdominal wall reconstruction persists as a challenging surgical issue with a multitude of management strategies available. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of resorbable synthetic mesh onlay plane against biologic mesh in the intraperitoneal plane. Methods: A single-center, two-surgeon, 5-year retrospective review (2014 to 2019) was performed examining subjects who underwent abdominal wall reconstruction in the onlay plane with resorbable synthetic mesh or in the intraperitoneal plane with biologic mesh. A matched paired analysis was conducted. Data examining demographic characteristics, intraoperative variables, postoperative outcomes, and costs were analyzed. Results: Eighty-eight subjects (44 per group) were identified (median follow-up, 24.5 months). The mean age was 57.7 years, with a mean body mass index of 30.4 kg/m2. The average defect size was 292 ± 237 cm2, with most wounds being clean-contaminated (48.9 percent) and 55 percent having failed prior repair. Resorbable synthetic mesh onlay subjects were significantly less likely (4.5 percent) to experience recurrence compared to biologic intraperitoneal mesh subjects (22.7 percent; p < 0.026). In addition, mesh onlay suffered fewer postoperative surgical-site occurrences (18.2 percent versus 40.9 percent; p < 0.019) and required fewer procedural interventions (11.4 percent versus 36.4 percent; p < 0.011), and was also associated with significantly lower total costs ($16,658 ± $14,930) compared to biologic intraperitoneal mesh ($27,645 ± $16,864; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Abdominal wall reconstruction remains an evolving field, with various techniques available for treatment. When faced with hernia repair, resorbable synthetic mesh in the onlay plane may be preferable to biologic mesh placed in the intraperitoneal plane because of lower long-term recurrence rates, surgical-site complications, and costs. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, III.


The utility model provides an improved generation rolling linear guide pair, includes slider and guide rail, and the guide rail top is located to the slider, and the slider contains the body, and both ends are returned to the ware outside, to the ware by the interior internal return that is equipped with in proper order outside to around the body, and the internal return is to the ware and return outward to a formation transition channel between the ware, open the slider lower part has first recess, and first recess both ends symmetry is equipped with the slide, establishes the ball in the slide, is close to first recess both ends on the slider and is equipped with and returns to the passageway with the slide corresponds, returns to being equipped with transition channel between passageway and the slide, the border middle part is for the straightway in the slide that meets with first recess, and the straightway both ends are the slope section respectively, and slope period number is greater than slope section and the probe distance of straightway friendship boundary point to the slide central line in the probe distance of the extreme point of slide tip and slide central line, the internal return lies in together a bit in the extreme point of slide tip with slope period number to the tip of ware, the internal return is close to in the slide border one side to the ware outer wall and sets up a transition slope, and transition slope both ends and internal return meet at the border in to ware, slide.


Solanum torvum Swartz (Family: Solanacea) is a popularly used medicine in Tamilnadu for treating various illnesses in the native system of Medicine. The hydroalcoholic extract of fruits of this plant at dose level 200 mg/ kg b w showed promising hepatoprotective activity as evidenced by biochemical parameters like SGPT (Serum glutamate pyruvate transminase), SGOT (Serum glutamate oxaloacetate transminase), Cholesterol, Bilirubin, Total protein and LDH after CCl4 administration to rats. Further histopathological examination of the liver was also studied. Nevertheless the overall hepatoprotection exhibited by the extract is found to be low in comparison to standard drug silymarin at a dose of 25 mg / kg. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the plant in question was attempted. The results are highlighted and discussed.


Proclaiming radical changes in policing has become too familiar a practice over the past quarter-century. A procession of policing models have been heralded as the next great thing, only to be casually, and sometimes caustically, dismissed a few years later as a new revolution in policing rises phoenix-like from the ashes of its predecessor. Consequently, we can be excused for a good deal of cynicism about contemporary pronouncements about how a new focus on intelligence is about to fundamentally transform policing and security. Nonetheless, there is much occurring under the banner of intelligence that deserves critical commentary, including new technologies and organizational models. The recent publication of the 9/11 Commission Report and James Sheptycki's report to the Home Office on strategic intelligence and organized crime provide an opportunity for critical reflection on the embrace of intelligence as an axial principle in policing/security. Both documents point to the greater use of intelligence and information as best practice solutions to contemporary developments in crime and terrorism. Both are also concerned with events in 2001. Sheptycki conducted his research during that year, and the attacks of 11 September 2001 (hereafter 9/11) are the hub around which the 9/11 Commission Report revolves. These reports are, however, of a different order. The 9/11 Commission Report is a landmark historical document providing illuminating insights into the efforts and failures of the US government that culminated in the terrorist attacks on the Pentagon and World Trade Center. Written under intense pressure from the victim's families,


This paper examines the role of social connections on the career trajectory of Pakistani employees in local organisations. Scholarship (Syed,2016; Saher & Mayrhofer, 2014; Mangi et al., 2012; Saher, 2010;Chatterjee, 2007; Khilji, 2003; Budhwar, 2001; Lyon, 2000; Sparrow & Budhwar, 1997; Mendonca & Kanungo,1994) has already highlighted the significant impact of social connections on the professional growth of individuals in India and Pakistan. However, in response to the calls for contextualising HRM practices and research, this paper is developing a culturally specific framework to reveal pervasive practices of career progression in Pakistan. Qualitative research has been conducted to get in-depth data on the issue at hand. This paper will extend a rare insider's view and future research directions.


Introduction - Chen Kane & Egle Murauskaite Part I: The Helsinki Process 1 Cautious Optimism - Lynn M. Hansen 2 A Zone in the Middle East - Rolf Ekeus Part II: Perspectives from the Region and Outside 3 The Helsinki Process and the Middle East - Nabil Fahmy & Karim Haggag 4 The Helsinki Process and its Relevance in a Changing Middle East - Ehud Eiran 5 Nuclear-Weapon- Free Zone in the Middle East: a Political View - Turki Al Faisal & Awadh Al-Bad 6 Domestic Politics in Iran and a Future Regional Process - Ariane M. Tabatabai 7 Lessons learned - Nilsu Goren Part III: The Middle East Today 8 The Helsinki process in the Middle East -Gershon Baskin & Hanna Siniora 9 The Future of Arms Control in the Middle East - Bilal Saab 10 The Middle East and the Helsinki Process - Mike Yaffe 11 Civil Society Dialogues and Middle East Regional Security - Peter Jones Part IV: Possible Futures 12 A Helsinki Process for the Middle East - Patricia Lewis & Karim Kamel Conclusion - Chen Kane


Summer Bridge Programs: Supporting All Students. ERIC Digest........ 2 RANGE OF ACTIVITIES AND TYPES OF SUMMER BRIDGE PROGRAMS............................................................... 2 RESEARCH TO SUPPORT THE IMPORTANCE OF SUMMER BRIDGE PROGRAMS....................................................3 BENEFITS FOR STUDENTS................................................. 3 MODEL PROGRAMS: INDIVIDUALIZING TO MEET TARGETED CAMPUS NEEDS......................................................... 4 EVALUATION OF PROGRAMS..............................................5 SUMMARY....................................................................... 5 REFERENCES.................................................................. 5


An experimental programme of large-scale diesel pool fires has been carried out to obtain an understanding of the behaviour of pool fires in degrees of confinement representative of offshore modules, and simultaneously to provide benchmark data against which compartment pool fire models can be validated. The test compartment was a 135m 3 insulated steel rig with variable ventilation at the Norwegian Fire Laboratory operated by SINTEF, Trondheim. Data on heat fluxes, temperature, burning rate, and combustion product concentrations were obtained during fire development to quasi-steady state under different ventilation conditions. Fire severity is similar to that of jet fires, except that it is worst in over-ventilated, but confined conditions. The results are compared with predictions of global stoichiometry to demonstrate the validity and limitations of a zone modelling approach, which is then used as a basis for guidance on the hazard severity.


A submersible analyzer (Geochemical Anomaly MOnitoring System, GAMOS-IV) powered by micro-diaphragm pumps has been developed for in situ monitoring of time-series changes in manganese concentrations. The analyzer determines dissolved manganese in a continuous manner using a H2O2-luminol chemiluminescence method. The analyzer operates with a sample and reagent flow rate of approximately 60 μl/min, with a detection range up to 10 μM manganese, and has a 98% response time of approximately 6 min. The GAMOS-IV was tested during test deployment at 1,379 m in diffused hydrothermal fields at the Suiyo seamount. The ratio of manganese concentration to temperature (Mn/ T) varied with different admixtures of source fluids.


Chiton are marine mollusks who use heavily mineralized and ultrahard teeth to feed on epilithic and endolithic algae on intertidal rocks. To fulfill this function, chiton teeth must be tough and wear‐resistant. Impressive mechanical properties are achieved in the chiton tooth through a hierarchically arranged composite structure consisting of a hard shell of organic‐encased and highly oriented nanostructured magnetite rods that surround a soft core of organic‐rich iron phosphate. Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses combined with finite element simulations are used to probe the ultrastructural features and uncover structure–mechanical property relationships in the fully mineralized teeth of the gumboot chiton Cryptochiton stelleri. By understanding the effects of the nanostructured architecture within the chiton tooth, abrasion‐resistant materials can be developed for tooling and machining applications, as well as coatings for equipment and medical implants.


Concentrating solar power is a family of solar energy technologies that have been used for decades to produce power. These technologies have a unique advantage, which is the ability to store thermal energy for prolonged periods of time such that stable and dispatchable energy can be provided to the electricity grid. However, concentrating solar power has been recently losing market share to photovoltaic technology due to the former's significantly higher initial cost. There are many efforts worldwide to develop innovative solutions that reduce the cost and/or increase efficiency of concentrating solar power systems. However, concentrating solar thermal energy already has great promising area of application that is still largely unexplored, and that is high-temperature industrial process heat. This study attempts to make the case for using concentrating solar thermal energy in process heat applications by examining the economic feasibility (represented by the levelized cost of energy) for three scenarios of deployment, where the temperature levels are 400°C, 550°C, and 700°C, respectively. The first scenario uses parabolic trough collectors, while the second uses a central receiver system, both with 12 hours of molten salt storage. The third scenario uses a central receiver system that employs the innovative falling particle receiver concept to push the operating limit to 700°C, and silica sand is used to store thermal energy for 12 hours. The location chosen for this analysis is Alice Springs, Australia, due to its high direct normal irradiance and the presence of mining industries in its vicinity. The analysis shows that all three scenarios have a lower levelized cost of energy when compared to natural gas. To further confirm these findings, the analysis needs to be extended to other locations to account for different solar resources and different economic constraints.


The timing of pollen appearance in the atmosphere provides a general idea of the flowering onset of plants over a wide area. Woody plants in temperate regions have evolved mechanisms to preserve cells from the risk of frost during adverse weather conditions in the period prior to flowering regulated mainly by temperature. A number of indices have been developed to quantify the rest and heat requirements of temperature, which will enable the plant to adapt to environmental conditions. However, flowering is a dynamic and complex phenomenon and it is difficult to separate individual effects of different meteorological parameters. The use of modified bioclimatic indices could be a major step forward. In this study the Alnus glutinosa flowering in four different areas in north‐western Spain in the period 1995–2003 is examined, and trends identified by means of information gathered by Hirst pollen traps. Temperature plays an important role in the maturation of reproductive organs and pollen production. Comparison with bioclimatic indices showed that temperature during the 25–55 days preceding pollen release was the main controlling factor, and that relationship between flowering time and bioclimatic indicator values differs according to local conditions. In colder areas, rest and heat temperature requirements are greater because the trees need protection over a longer period; in the Mediterranean region of north‐western Spain, the rest temperature requirement and the threshold temperature are both higher than in Eurosiberian areas. Ombrothermic, Continentality and Thermicity indices are thus useful tools for characterizing the various bioclimatic areas of north‐western Spain.


Abstract Carbon metabolism was studied in Eubacterium limosum , an anaerobic acetogenic bacterium. Stationary cells fermented glucose 13 C 1 to acetate-2- 13 C and butyrate-2- 13 C or butyrate-4- 13 C. Reductive acetogenesis was demonstrated by feeding cells with Na + H 13 CO 3 -. Acetate alone was synthesized, and the doubly labelled isotopomer was the dominant product. The biosynthesis pathways for amino acids were examined, using the incorporation of 13 C. With glucose-1- 13 C as substrate, the label was found mainly on the methyl groups whereas 13 C from carbonate is incorporated mainly on carbonyl groups. The pathways operating in Eubacterium limosum were delineated with reference to the biochemistry of other microbes. It was found that Eubacterium limosum incorporates carbon through acetyl-CoA and pyruvate and the reductive TCA cycle.


The present invention relates to a liquid, relates particularly to a method of filtration and / or stabilization of beer, a precoat filter applied in the method, a water inlet for stock, and stock solution chamber, a plurality of which are disposed in the stock solution chamber about precoated filter comprising a filter container comprising a filter candle and the filtrate for the water outlet. To achieve a reduction of improving the mixture of precoated placing at least one stock solution drainage port for mass chamber. .FIELD 1


Background In lung cancer, early diagnosis is the strongest predictor of survival and stage 1 is detected in only 15% of patients incidentally. To improve the outcomes, screening for cancer in the early stage in high-risk groups is a promising strategy. Aim The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes and knowledge of lung cancer screening practice in chest physicians. Patients and methods A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a total of 75 chest physicians and the data were analysed. Results The survey illustrated that chest physicians believe that low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is the most useful tool in screening for lung cancer in former and current smokers (31.3–62.5%) and it is a very effective screening test in reducing cancer mortality in never, former and current smokers (70%, 61.3 and 85%, respectively). Despite 90% of doctors having LDCT available in their geographic areas, 82.5% do not provide lung cancer screening for risk groups. Conclusion In Egypt, chest physicians believe that the use of LDCT screening for patients at high risk of lung cancer is an evidence-based recommendation by most programmes. Still most of them do not follow any screening program for risk groups. Education for doctors may increase the awareness, accuracy and efficacy of screening of high-risk patients.


The presence of what was interpreted as bacteria was reported appearing between fibers of suture material placed in oral tissues of dogs (Oral Surg 26: 592, 1968; Oral Surg 28: 432, 1969; Oral Surg 33: 152, 1972). The ability of sutures to inoculate bacteriologic chambers has also been studied (LILLY ET AL, IADR abstract no. 355, 1972) . Periodontal surgery often results in the placement of sutures in close approximation to incised edges of gingival tissue. It may be clinically significant to demonstrate bacterial plaque on sutures removed from healing periodontal wounds. This communication reports the development of a method to study the surface of suture material after its removal from human periodontal tissues. After surgical correction of interproximal periodontal pockets, Widman-type flaps were closed with interrupted sutures of alternating 3-0 and 4-0 black braided silk, 5-0 green braided nylon, 5-0 and 6-0 monofilament nylon, and 4-0 polyglycolic acid. Clinically, it seemed that intraoral sutures could be removed from seven-day healing gingisa with little surface frictional disturbance. Since plaque could adhere to the suture material, whereas casual bacterial contaminants should wash free in fixative, this method was considered feasible to attempt. Therefore, sutures were recovered by first identifying that portion of the material penetrating the tissue, cutting the material, and carefully withdrawing it from the tissues. The tissue-imbedded portion was dropped into labeled vials of 10%o neutral Formalin. Intraoral and sterile controls were obtained


Development of tourism areas was planned to support the target of 20 million foreign tourists and 275 million domestic tourists visiting Indonesia in 2019. In order to accommodate these tourists, road infrastructures need to be improved so that its quality and quantity meets the characteristics of tourism area. Importance and satisfaction analysis of road service performance was used as an approach to determine the public road criteria which were needed to be improved. Results showed that the trips security to the tourism area, the placement of signage and the trip convenience were the criteria that have very high importance and satisfaction rating and needs to be continued maintained. However the criteria which were needed to be improved were the number of road lighting and the number of roadside station/rest area.


Previous research has shown consumers to be highly aware towards halal food production in Malaysia. However, little research has tried to investigate determinants of consumer demeanors with regard to halal food. The paper presents the results of a survey which was carried out in Malaysia to investigate the formation of consumer demeanors towards halal food production. This study involved 150 Muslim consumer in Malaysia. All respondents completed a set of self-developed questionnaire. The tools for statistical analysis employed in this study were descriptive, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)
using IBM SPSS 20.0. Results show that Malaysian consumers turned out to be significantly have positive demeanor towards halal foods. The pattern matrix revealed that 17 items were loaded into four determinants; attitude, perceived behavioural control, subjective norm and religious belief. Overall, the present study has given a meaningful information to all consumers about halal food, therefore it is a valuable guideline for them to choose the right food in the market.


Plants have been used since the earliest times to manage various diseases, and many
of these plants are being used as conventional remedies for various disorders today. Biologically
active ingredients isolated from medicinal plants and extracts are receiving a lot of attention these days, partly because modern-day medication has a lot of side effects and somewhat because
pathogenic microorganisms are becoming more resistant to antibiotics and many other treatments. Artemisia is the broadly dispersed genus of the family Asteraceae and encompasses almost five hundred species. Amongst these species, Artemisia absinthium L. is a familiar herb
called Wormwood in English and Urdu, generally known as Afsanteen. In history, this species
was recognized as important, and in old Europe, it was called "the most important master
against all exhaustion". A. absinthium has various benefits in treating pathological conditions
such as gastric problems, fever, inflammation, and urinary disorders. The official European medicine uses A. absinthium in both allopathy and homeopathy. The herb was used to treat bladder
diseases, anemia, helminthiasis, insomnia, fever, and trouble healing wounds and to treat gastrointestinal disorders in Asian and European traditional medicine. Mono and sesquiterpenes are the
major pharmacologically active constituents of A. absinthium. Wormwood is a valuable resource
of chemically new constituents and requires comprehensive screening approaches to emphasize
the phytoconstituents and pharmacological actions at the molecular level. The core focus of this
review is to provide complete information about the scientific evidence-based pharmacological
activities, traditional uses, and phytoconstituents from A. absinthium. The collation of literature
has been done by using references from main databases such as PubMed, Research gate, Scopes,
Science Direct, Google Scholar, Chemical Abstracts, Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Abstracts, classical books, and pharmacopeias.


The aim of this paper is to identify the drivers of labor market outcomes for the Spanish Roma population. Our analysis reveals that discrimination and education have an influence on the labor market outcomes of this ethnic group, and social networks also play a key role, via ethnic and cross-ethnic social contacts and family background. Discrimination and family background have a significant effect on unemployment rates of this population, while education and ethnic social contacts have an important influence on the levels of self-employment.


PURPOSE: A liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing the same are provided to enlarge the aperture of switching device such as TFT and color filters in order to make an on-array color filter structure liquid crystal display device. CONSTITUTION: A liquid crystal display device includes a transparent dielectric substrate(1), a switching device, a passivation layer, color filters(13), a black matrix(15), an overcoat layer(14), a pixel electrode(9), an output electrode, and a contact hole(II). The switching device is formed on the transparent dielectric substrate(1). The passivation layer is formed to protect the switching device. The color filters(13) is formed on the passivation layer. The black matrix(15) is formed on the passivation after the formation of the color filters as a light barrier. The overcoat layer(14) is formed on the black matrix. The pixel electrode(9) is formed on the overcoat layer. The output electrode is provided to each of the switching device to be coupled with the pixel electrode. The contact hole(II) is formed through the overcoat layer and the passivation layer in order to connect the pixel electrode with the output layer.


Objective To study the effect of Jintiange capsules on osteopontin(OPN) and matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3)level in postmenopausal knee osteoarthritis.Methods One hundred and eighty postmenopausal women were randomly divided in Jintiange capsule group(Group A),glucosamine hydrochloride capsule group(Group B),and Xianlinggubao group(Group C),with 60 women in each group.Serum levels of OPN,MMP-3,estrogen(E2),CTX,and PINP were measured using ELISA method.Results JOA and VAS scores in Group A and Group B were obviously better than those in Group C after 4-w eek and 6-w eek treatment(P 0.05).The expression of MMP-3 was improved obviously in Group B after 4-w eek treatment,better than other groups(P 0.05).The expression of OPN and MMP-3 was obviously improved than the other tw o groups after 6-w eek treatment(P 0.05).Meanw hile,CTX and PINP levels were significantly improved in Group A and C,better than Group B(P 0.05).Conclusion Jintiange capsules can relieve the symptom of postmenopausal knee osteoarthritis by improving the function of the joint cartilage through regulating the expression of OPN and MMP-3.


It was not a hot summer in Geneva in July 2008, yet the atmosphere at 154, Rue de Lausanne, the WTO headquaters was tense and almost suffocating. This was the final sprint in the Doha Round. Since July 20, trade ministers from the key WTO members had been doing their utmost to achieve compromise in negotiations day and night in the famous Green Room located on the second floor of the building. Over the past one week of negotiations, the faces of all the ministers were full of weariness and anxiety. US Trade Representative Susan Schwab was restless and in a frustrated mood; some of the ministers who were unable to participate in the Green Room negotiations and had to endure the long wait outside, returned to their home countries. On July 29, the negotiations finally collapsed due to irreconcilable disputes on the agricultural special safeguard mechanism between Schwab and the Indian Union Cabinet Minister of Commerce and Industry Kamal Nath.


This study presents an overview of THz time-domain experiments evidencing that the interaction of a high power femtosecond laser pulse with the metal surface leads to generation of a picosecond pulse with a broadband spectrum in the THz range. Thin gold films deposited onto dielectric substrates are used as samples. The generated electromagnetic field is studied in reflection geometry as a function of pump fluence, film thickness, incidence angle and polarisation.


In October 2003 Intermap Technologies announced its intent to remap the continental United States. By the end of 2006, over 2.3 million km² (900k mi²) or 29% of the country will be collected including the entire states of California, Florida, Mississippi, Hawaii and parts of many others. NEXTMap® USA follows the successful completion of NEXTMap® Britain; a program that remapped England, Wales and Scotland to similar specifications. In November 2005 the Company raised over $60 million to fund the completion the program in the next three years. Intermap uses proprietary STAR technology (based on airborne Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar technology (IFSAR)) as its primary data collection tool. NEXTMap® USA data includes national coverage of the continental USA in the form of detailed Digital Surface Models and Digital Terrain Models. An Orthorectified Radar Image (ORI) is also produced from the data gathered. The elevation data has a data point every 5 meters, each point having a 2 meter horizontal and 1 meter vertical accuracy. The orthorectified image has a 1.25 meter pixel size that is also spatially accurate to 2 meters. The NEXTMap® data has proven to be superior to available national data in both accuracy and currency. Current users of NEXTMap® data include the USDA, NASA, FEMA, NGA, NOAA, the USGS and many commercial and state agencies. This paper describes the NEXTMap® USA program and presents a number of applications presently being used and/or developed for the data set.


We find that firms with less product market differentiation exhibit significantly lower rates of fraudulent activity. This relationship is more pronounced for complex firms and is robust to controlling for various measures of competition and industry heterogeneity. Exploiting IPOs by product-market rivals as a shock to a firm's information environment, we find that more publicly available information from comparable firms facilitates the detection of fraud. Moreover, this effect is stronger for firms with ex ante less similar public rivals. These findings suggest that greater product market overlap with rivals disciplines firms by providing benchmarks for auditors, regulators, and investors. _____________________________ We thank Umit Gurun, Joerg Picard, and Gerard Hoberg, as well as seminar participants at Clemson University, Southern Methodist University, Universidad de los Andes, University of Nevada Las Vegas, and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for helpful comments. †Texas Christian University, ‡Michigan State University, §U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The Securities and Exchange Commission disclaims responsibility for any private publication or statement of any SEC employee or Commissioner. This article expresses the authors' views and does not necessarily reflect those of the Commission, the Commissioners, or other members of the staff.


Increasing the number of antennas for wireless communications, while concealing them within their environment, is an area of great importance as demand for wireless devices increases. One method to achieve this goal is to use the existing conducting objects in an environment as antennas. This requires altering the natural current distribution on conducting objects such that optimal radiation properties can be obtained. In this paper, a composite dielectric bead element is introduced for this purpose on electrically large wire structures. The operation of the bead element is described using transmission line theory, and a wire model of the element is given. Using the wire model, the loading for several electrically large wire structures is designed such that they resonate and radiate similarly to a half-wavelength dipole


Due to the changes of subgrade in the operating environment,the changes of physical and mechanical properties of the fill were caused,displacement and deformation happened in the retaining wall.On the basis of analysis on deformation,joint reinforcement of pre-stressed anchor cable and anti-sliding pile was proposed with good effect.The paper introduced the design of reinforcement scheme and the construction technology of pre-stressed anchor cable for anti-sliding pile.


We present Monte Carlo based calculations of electron transport in InAs, AlAs and InAlAs based devices. The calculations are performed using a three valleys ensemble Monte Carlo model that includes numerical formulations of the phonon scattering rates and ionized impurity scattering rates. Calculations are made for the zincblende phase of these materials. For all materials, we find that electron velocity overshoot only occurs when the electric field is increased to a value above a certain critical field. This critical field is strongly depen- dent on the material parameters. Results from the various materials are finally compared.


This paper provides a comparison between hardness and elastic modulus data measured using a mechanical properties microprobe (MPM), the acoustic microscope and two techniques based on resonant frequency to measure the elastic moduli of oxide systems. Measured values for bulk oxides, namely AI2O3 and Cr2O3, have been used to compare the various measurement systems. The comparison is then extended to measurements on oxide scales. In general, hardness values measured using the MPM technique agree with reported bulk values, although differences between laboratories have been identified which may be attributable to the position of indentation within the scales. Hardness values for scales are found to be similar to hardness values for the bulk, lying in the range 21–30 GPa for A12O3 scales and 18–33 GPa for Cr2O3 scales. Young's moduli for recrystallized AI2O3 have been measured using the mechanical properties microprobe, acoustic microscopy and resonance methods. Data determined using the MPM technique give th...


Acute lung injury is a syndrome with a diagnostic criteria base on hypoxaemia and a classical radiological appearance, with acute respiratory distress syndrome at the severe end of the disease spectrum. Its incidence is common, it is likely to exist outside the intensive care setting and therefore is a condition relevant to all clinicians. Genetically predisposed individuals are subject to environmental triggers which can be intra or extrapulmonary in nature. An inflammatory response causes damage to alveolar epithelial cells and vasculature, impairing gas exchange and can lead to multiple organ failure. Management centres around supportive care and treating the cause, but evidence supports use of low tidal volume ventilatory settings and conservative intravenous fluid strategies. Long term outcomes are related to neuromuscular, cognitive and psychological issues rather than pulmonary, and rehabilitation during recovery needs to focus on this. Acute Lung Injury (ALI) is a continuum of clinical and radiographic changes affecting the lungs, characterised by acute onset severe hypoxaemia, not related to left atrial hypertension, occurring at any age. At the severe end of this spectrum lies Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and therefore unless specifically mentioned this review will address ARDS within the syndrome of ALI. It was first described by Ashbaugh in the Lancet in 1967. This landmark paper described a group of 12 patients with "Respiratory Distress Syndrome" who had refractory hypoxaemia, decreased lung compliance, diffuse infiltrates on chest radiography and required positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) for ventilation. 1


interest in the field of computer science. Trust models are seen as the solution to interactions between agents (computer systems) that may not have previously interacted with one another; as is often the case in the uncertain world of e-commerce. These models are seen as facilitators to the definition and development of interaction between two such agents. Trust models rely heavily on a knowledge-building process to evaluate the value, or in some instances to become aware of the risk of communicating with another agent. The observation of other agents or the sharing of knowledge between agents accomplishes this. Thus, trust models rely heavily on the flow of information between machines. The problem this paper addresses is: How do we lessen the number of communications a single agent has to deal with in order to allow the agent to have sufficient time and resources to accurately analyse these interactions? The suggested solution involves adding a prejudice filter to current trust models. This paper investigates the value of reducing network overload by limiting communication through prejudice and suggests possible filtering factors that can be used in such a scenario. These factors are based on existing security and trust implementations in order to simplify the incorporation of prejudice into current trust models and trust model architecture. Any opinion, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and therefore the NRF does not accept any liability thereto.


The major problems facing the world today can be solved only if we improve our understanding of human behavior" (Schlinger, 2005, pg. 48) and how it affects our educational experience in high school. The purpose of this study was to explore and examine to what extent there exists a relationship between social and academic study skills and its significance. The study answered, specifically, (1) if there exists a relationship between social and academic skills, (2) the extent of the relationship, and (3) what can educational leaders and teachers do to assist the student making improvement in social and academic skills. The research design chosen for this case study was a random non-experimental design, spanning across five (5) states that included eighteen (18) teachers and eighteen (18) students. The inquiry took its lead from the view-point of Burrhus Frederic Skinner, one of the most outspoken behaviorist psychologist. Skinner was the forerunner of the "behaviorist theory" which postulated that learning has nothing to do with the mind; rather learning occurs with the acquisition of new behavior. The study utilized a ten (10) question survey and reviewed the responses from the teachers regarding the specific student's academic skills and social skills.


The environment-dependent electrical performances as a function of temperature for sol-gel derived amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) thin film transistors are investigated in this letter. In the ambients without oxygen, thermal activation dominates and enhances device performance. In oxygen-containing environments, mobility and drain current degrades and the threshold slightly increase as temperature increases. We develop a porous model for a-IGZO film relating to the drain current and mobility lowering due to film porosity and oxygen adsorption/penetration. It also relates to the threshold voltage recovery at high temperature owing to the varying form of adsorbed oxygen and the combination of oxygen and vacancies.


Observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) is one of the trilateration based positioning techniques adopted in 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) release 9. It can estimate user's location by using received time difference of positioning reference signals (PRS) from eNBs. When user detects PRS, quantization error can occur due to low sampling resolution of narrow bandwidth signal in time-domain, and it can seriously degrade positioning performance. For that reason, carrier aggregation (CA) based bandwidth extension has been discussed in recent 3GPP standardization meeting; however, it requires a single fast Fourier transform (FFT) suitable for the extended bandwidth, and it is only available with a new design of PRS and reporting table of reference signal's time difference (RSTD). Meanwhile, early-late gate detector (ELD) based timing synchronization algorithm can be considered. It can exactly estimate reception timing of PRS; however, quantization error still occurs during RSTD reporting due to the minimum resolution of the reporting table. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel quantization error reduction method using multiple PRS transmission. The proposed method utilizes a new sampling structure of higher resolution than the conventional ones which occur in case of PRS in LTE. The sampling points of the new structure can be derived from a relationship among the sampling points of multiple PRSs which have different size of bandwidth and sampling resolution. We verify that the proposed method can effectively reduce the quantization error without additional bandwidth extension or a new reporting table.


This article reports on the first 4 years of an effort to develop comprehensive and sustainable mathematics education reforms in high poverty middle schools. In four related analyses, we examine the levels of implementation achieved and impact of the reforms on various measures of achievement in the first 3 schools to implement the Talent Development (TD) Middle School Model's mathematics program that combines coherent research-based instructional materials from the University of Chicago School Mathematics Project with a multi-tiered teacher support system of sustained professional development and in-class coaching. A moderate level of implementation was achieved. TD students outperformed students from control schools on multiple measures of achievement. The average effect size, A, by the end of middle school was .24.


2 3 Preface In developing countries, one tenth of the children under five years of age dies due to dehydration. The dehydration is mainly caused by too many of severe incidences of diarrhoea. The main cause for getting diarrhoea is the ingestion of food not having the appropriate standard regarding the hygienic condition. The hygienic standard of a food is based on the processing and handling of the food, as well as on the conditions of the raw materials. A food item prepared with water contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms will successively become contaminated, and a health risk. It is known that pathogenic microorganisms normally found in food will not be able to grow in an acid environment, that is at pH below four. This acidity is normally found in lactic acid fermented food. This thesis deals with the production and properties of lactic acid fermented food. At the beginning of the fermentation step, the food is vulnerable to contamination since it does not have any acidity. This work has followed the development of the acidity by measuring the rise in lactic acid content during the process. In addition, the ability of the acid environment to suppress pathogenic bacteria has been studied. The studies have been made on cereal-water slurries, a common base for the production of gruels, pancakes, porridges, puddings and other food items. It takes 12 to 24 hours for the type of food studied to reach an acidity level that is safe regarding common pathogenic microorganisms. It is also shown that a strain of enterotoxinogenic Escherichia coli can not withstand the acidic environment produced in this process.


Under ultraviolet radiation,the Nano-TiO2 photocatalytic products can produce hydroxyl(·OH),which is a strong oxidation.It can oxidize I-to produce I2,which can form blue complex with water-soluble starch.Based on this,a new method was proposed for evaluating the photocatalytic activity of photocatalytic products.Compared with the traditional methyl orange degradation method,the proposed method characterized with higher sensitivity and speedy.The proposed method was successful applied to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of some photocatalytic products which bought from market,and the results were more consistent with traditional methyl orange degradation method.


The article analyzes the development trends of the primary and secondary residential real estate market in Ukraine for 2020-2021 and identifies the main changes in the investment environment in this market. The economic essence of the concept of "investment attractiveness" and related concepts "investment process", "investment activity" and "investment climate" are clarified. A comparative analysis of the investment attractiveness of residential real estate in different regions of Ukraine revealed that in 2020 the secondary housing market was more attractive for investment, but in 2021 the investment attractiveness of the primary and secondary residential real estate market generally deteriorated. It was found that the main reason for the decline in the investment attractiveness of the national housing stock is that in 2020-2021 apartment prices in the most attractive regions of Ukraine continued to grow, although their pace slowed down. It is substantiated that in order to intensify investment activity in the real estate market in Ukraine it is necessary to create a favorable investment climate for all business entities on a civilized basis and in accordance with the principles of transparency and social conditions. To improve the investment climate and improve the investment attractiveness of the residential real estate market, the Ukrainian government is recommended to develop effective measures aimed at significantly reducing mortgage interest rates to a level where mortgages will be available to most citizens.


The modernization of technology on the Internet has become a very lucrative business and has placed a material value on our personal data. In this regard, we will study the emergence of the right to be forgotten as a novel legal response in the field of digital networks to try to limit the negative consequences in the free and open of personal data to Internet systems and services. From a doctrinal and jurisprudential point of view, this work offers a study of the personality rights and fundamental rights affected in this area and the most relevant judgments that have helped to regulate this right in the community sphere and consequently at a national level. The main door opens to this right through a Judgment of the European Court of Justice to which we will refer and that resolves a specific case and in which it recognizes with some limitations the right to be forgotten. This sentence addresses the importance of knowing if we have the right to ask to be forgotten because we no longer want to be remembered in Internet, and we will know the opinion of a part of the doctrine that dissents from it.


The formula was introduced including the choice of solvent,film forming material and inhibitor.Results of laboratory tests and practical use showed that the oil was appropriate for sealing and rust preventing of machine tool metal parts etc.


Over time companies have resorted to diverse methods to improve their processes. Today, in the midst of a highly competitive and globalized economic environment, organizations focus on standardizing their processes as this facilitates internal communications on the operation of the business, smooth transfers in the processes and make it possible to generate comparative performance indicators. In this sense, companies engage in organizational design methods, which in turn comprise sit in two scenarios: the external part or external environment in which the organization is developed and the analysis of internal relationships, i.e. the organizational culture and the organizational structure.

Considering the above, the case was taken of La Industria INC., a Colombian organization of the music production market, for a comprehensive analysis in terms of its organizational structure and the establishment of its mission, vision, objectives and values Organizational. It was identified that the company lacked an organizational structure which resulted in employees' ignorance of their specific functions and the line of command and communication that they had to follow within the organizational hierarchy. Given this situation, the hierarchy of positions, the division of labour, the definition of posts, the assignment of tasks and the design of surveys were analyzed and established in order to accurately identify the organizational design that most aligned with the know the perception of other workers in the face of these changes.


The electromigration effects upon the Sn∕Ni–7wt%V interfacial reactions are examined. A ternary T phase was formed in the Sn∕Ni–7wt%V couple reacted at 200°C in the early stage. The reaction phases became T∕Ni3Sn4 and an interesting T∕Ni3Sn4∕T∕Ni3Sn4 alternating layer structure with longer reaction time. The passage of electric current of 500A∕cm2 density through the couple alters the reaction rates and the phase progression time. At the interface with electrons flow concurrently to the diffusion of Sn atoms, the reaction rates are enhanced.


Majority of the glioma studies rely on using radiomic-features extracted only from conventional MRI and noticeably limited in SWI. Main objective of the current study is to evaluate the role of SWI in glioma grading aided by machine-learning (ML) methods, in terms of ITSS-vasculature-volume(IVV), radiomic features and by combining both. We conclude SWI to be the one of the useful sequences in the glioma-analysis as it contributes to calculate the IVV, which can singlehandedly improve the glioma grading. When IVV is combined with radiomic-analysis used in combination with PCA feature reduction and RF ML classifier, the performance is marginally improved.