Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the usefulness of three-dimensional reconstructive images using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for thoracic traumatic patients visiting emergency room. Materials and Methods: 76 patients with fractures of the 105 patients who visited our emergency room with complaints of thoracic trauma were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients had thoracic MDCT performed and the three-dimensional reconstructive images were taken. The fractures were confirmed by axial CT, the clinical information, whole body bone scanning and the multiplanar reformation images. Plain x-ray images were analyzed by the fractured sites in a blind comparison of two radiologists'readings, and then that finding was compared with the axial CT scans and the three-dimensional reconstructive images. Results: The fracture sites were rib (n=68), sternum (n=14), clavicle (n=6), scapula (n=3), spine (n=5) and combined fractures (n=14). Plain x-ray and axial CT scans had a correspondency of 0.555 for the rib fractures. Axial CT scans and the three-dimensional reconstructive images had a correspondency of .952. For sternal fractures, those values were 0.692 and 0.928, respectively. The axial CT scans and three-dimensional reconstructive images showed sensitivities of 94% and 91% for rib and other fractures, respectively, and 93% and 100% for sternal fracture, respectively. Three-dimensional reconstructive image had an especially high sensitivity for the diagnosis of sternal fracture. Conclusion: While evaluating thoracic trauma at the emergency room, the three-dimensional reconstructive image was useful to easily diagnose the extent of fracture and it was very sensitive for detecting sternal fracture.


ABSTRACT The recent decade of scandals, financial crisis, and loss in moral values questioned the soundness of firms' governance structure and held them more accountable to their societies. This put corporate boards under increased pressure to acknowledge their monitoring needs and respond to societal obligations. This paper offers a deepened understanding of the CSR-firm welfare relationship by suggesting its reliance on the participation of independent directors on corporate boards. Our findings show that higher board independence increases social disclosures. We also show that the effect of social disclosure on the firm's risk and performance is favorably affected by the participation of independent directors on corporate boards. Accordingly, we demonstrate that board independence not only facilitates firms' CSR reporting, but also positively influences the CSR-firm performance association. Board independence enhances the efficacy of CSR reporting by elevating the reliability of the disclosed informati...


We systematically compare an event-by-event transport+viscous hydrodynamics hybrid model to data from the RHIC beam energy scan using a general Bayesian method. We demonstrate how the inclusion of multistrange hadron observables affects the outcome of the Bayesian analysis and conduct an in depth analysis of the viability of ϕ and Ω as probes of the transition region between a deconfined quark-gluon plasma and hadronic phase in heavy ion collisions at higher-end RHIC collision energies. Utilizing UrQMD to model the final hadronic interactions, we examine the collision rates of ϕ and Ω and the modification to their transverse momentum spectra due to these interactions.


AbstractThe paper describes the pottery from Hurbat Rosh Zayit in the Lmver Galilee. This is a one-period site, rich in finds, with a proposed mid-ninth-century B.C. destruction attributable to Shalmaneser III in 841 B.C. This provides a terminus post quem for the local and Cypro-Phoenician pottery. The author suggests a mid-tenth to mid-ninth-centuries B.C. date for the pottery assemblage. These chronological limits provide a basis for more precise dating of other Phoenician and Cypriot pottery assemblages.


We present results from the first recorded stellar occultation by the large trans-Neptunian object (174567) Varda that was observed on September 10$^{\rm th}$, 2018. Varda belongs to the high-inclination dynamically excited population, and has a satellite, Ilmare, which is half the size of Varda. We determine the size and albedo of Varda and constrain its 3D shape and density. Thirteen different sites in the USA monitored the event, five of which detected an occultation by the main body. A best-fitting ellipse to the occultation chords provides the instantaneous limb of the body, from which the geometric albedo is computed. The size and shape of Varda are evaluated, and its bulk density is constrained, using Varda's mass known from previous works. The best-fitting elliptical limb has semi-major (equatorial) axis of $(381 \pm 3)$km and an apparent oblateness $0.043\pm0.036$ corresponding to an apparent area-equivalent radius $R'_{\rm equiv}= (373\pm8)$km and geometric albedo $p_v=0.097\pm 0.004$ assuming a visual absolute magnitude $H_V=3.81\pm0.01$. Using three possible rotational periods for the body (4.76~h, 5.91~h, and 7.87~h), we derive corresponding MacLaurin solutions. Furthermore, given the low-amplitude ($0.06\pm0.01$) mag of the single-peaked rotational light-curve for the aforementioned periods, we consider the double periods. For the 5.91~h period (the most probable) and its double (11.82~h), we find bulk densities and true oblateness of $\rho=(1.52\pm0.05)$ g cm$^{-3}$, $\epsilon=0.232\pm0.036$ and $\rho=(1.25\pm0.04)$ g cm$^{-3}$, $\epsilon=0.079\pm0.044$. However, it must be noted that the other solutions cannot be excluded just yet.


The article is devoted to the analysis and empirical study of the most promising developmental tasks of the modern educational environment for the development of new approaches to the organization and psychological support of the development of a person's productive activity. These tasks clearly demonstrate the relationship between the motivational sphere of the individual and the social environment, the effectiveness of the influence of social factors on the development of the individual, the importance of studying their hierarchization according to the degree of influence. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the study of the possibility of a targeted impact through social factors, norms, requirements on the motivational-need sphere of a developing personality will allow to determine to a large extent, the direction of its development.
Our research is based on the assumption that the analysis of the motivational profile will allow us to understand how student youth comes to the realization of the need to coordinate the goals, requirements, wishes of the external environment with their own motivation. The aim of the study was to study the influence of the individual's objective attitudes on the structure of professional activity motives. To solve the set tasks, the following methods were used: the motivational profile of S. Ritchie and P. Martin, the test "20 statements". The results obtained by the method of S. Ritchie and P. Martin confirmed our hypothetical assumption, the respondents predominantly chose the objective components of the motivational structure, which were substantively related to the social expectations of the subjects (from society to themselves). The results obtained confirmed the prospects of studying the influence of social factors on the development of the motivational-need-related sphere of the individual. The analysis of social factors makes it possible to study and model the conditions that contribute to the rethinking of the actual situation by the individual and the creation of new meanings of activity that provide for a wider non-utilitarian social context that goes beyond the current situation.


Arthrosis of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint is a well-described source of shoulder pain. When nonoperative treatments fail, AC joint surgical resection arthroplasty, often called a Mumford procedure or distal clavicle excision or resection, may be offered. Most studies comparing open distal clavicle excision and arthroscopic techniques have demonstrated arthroscopic techniques to be less painful and afford an earlier return to activity. Two different arthroscopic AC joint resection surgical techniques, including a superior direct approach and an indirect "trans-bursal" subacromial technique, are described in detail. Regardless of technique, a thorough understanding of arthroscopic anatomy, and adherence to the technical principles presented here can help avoid technical failures such as inadequate, uneven resection or iatrogenic AC joint instability.


Obesity is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Recent studies identify mechanisms common to both disease linked through an interorgan communication orchestrated by Fetuin-A,Adiponectin and 5'-AMP activated protein kinase(AMPK).In liver and kidney,the energy sensor AMPK is pivotal to directing podocytes and hepatocytes to compensatory and potentially deleterious pathways,leading to inflammatory and profibrotic cascades culminating in end-organ damage.Regulation of these early upstream pathways may provide new therapeutic targets for these common sequelae of obesity.


Patrik Aspers is professor of sociology at Uppsala University (Uppsala Universitet). Maya Shmidt conducted this interview in Uppsala, Sweden, in September 2016. Aspers introduces readers to differe ...


Abstract In the period 2011–2013 a technological characteristic of the Ukrainian clone Aligote 61-6 was made at the Institute of Viticulture and Enology – Pleven. The Bulgarian candidate-clone Aligote N 10 was used for control. During the grapes ripening, the dynamics of sugar accumulation was monitored. Upon technological maturity the indicators of the yields were accounted and mechanical analysis was performed. The chemical composition of the must, the obtained wines and their organoleptic qualities were analyzed. In its mechanical composition, Aligote 61-6 was typically wine one and it did not differ significantly in the texture and structure of the cluster and berry from the control. The theoretical yield of both clones was high. They exhibited good sugar accumulation and similar acid content. Grapes from the control had better technological indicators for obtaining wines of optimal chemical composition and quality. In the 2011 and 2013 vintages, the control wines exceeded those of the Ukrainian clone in terms of sugar-free extract content. The experimental wines Aligote N 10 had higher titratable acidity compared to the Ukrainian clone. The difference in the phenolic substances ratio and the colour intensity in the samples from both clones were insignificant. The control wines were superior in their organoleptic qualities to those of the Ukrainian clone.


The present invention is a RFID signal, the RFID repeater according to relates to a RFID tag identification system using a mobile communication terminal comprising: a RFID repeater and the RFID tags, the mobile terminal with the RFID reader to recognize an RFID tag over the air It relates to an RFID tag identification system using a mobile communication terminal, characterized in that for amplifying passes. Low-power reader using the above described present balmyeongneun, the terminal - in the RFID tag identification system for tag communication; The tag information on the skin complexes and at least one RFID tag and; Receiving the tag information to the RFID tag and wireless communication with the RFID repeater for amplifying the tag information signal; Relates to an RFID tag identification system using a mobile communication terminal, characterized in that includes a mobile communication terminal that is from the RFID repeater comprises a RFID reader that can read the tag information A mobile communication terminal, RFID tags, RFID repeater, RFID communication unit


The emergence and transformation of disputes, especially before they enter formal legal institutions, is a neglected topic in the sociology of law. We provide a framework for studying the processes by which unperceived injurious experiences are-or are not-perceived (naming), do or do not become grievances (blaming) and ultimately disputes (claiming), as well as for subsequent transformations. We view each of these stages as subjective, unstable, reactive, complicated, and incomplete. We postulate that transformations between them are caused by, and have consequences for, the parties, their attributions of responsibility, the scope of conflict, the mechanism chosen, the objectives sought, the prevailing ideology, reference groups, representatives and officials, and dispute institutions. We believe the study of transformations is important. Formal litigation and even disputing within unofficial fora account for a tiny fraction of the antecedent events that could mature into disputes. Moreover, what happens at earlier stages determines both the quantity and the contents of the caseload of formal and informal legal institutions. Transformation studies spotlight the issue of conflict levels in American society and permit exploration of the question of whether these levels are too low.


Experiments have been performed on the flow generated after the breaking of laboratory-generated water waves. Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV) was employed to make flow-field measurements in the post-breaking region of both spilling and plunging breakers, for a range of times close to breaking. The development of the technique in order to study the temporal evolution of the flow with high resolution CCD cameras is outlined. The visual record generated by PIV is presented in the form of a large set of vorticity and velocity maps. This information is used to describe the flow and its evolution over time. The raw data is then further processed in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of PIV in measuring complex turbulent characteristics. Energy and velocity profiles, temporal decay of turbulent kinetic energy and power spectra are calculated and the results compared with other experimental, numerical and theoretical work. Similarities and differences are considered and explanations offered.


Diversity and distribution of macrofungi in relation to rainfall and humidity in the man-made Pitchandikulam Forest of Tamil Nadu, southern India were studied. The 335 samples from five study plots were composed of 18 species assigned to 14 genera and eight families. Species density ranged from 46 to 87 individuals per plot. Of these, 164 collections were from soil, 147 from leaf litter, 21 from twig and 3 from dead wood. The Shannon diversity index ranged from 0.64 to 0.91. Overall, four species, i.e. Lycoperdon sp. (63 individuals), Marasmiellus nigripes (58), Termitomyces sp.1 (53) and Marasmiellus sp.1 (39) were recorded from all the plots. The species rank abundance measures were used to visualize distribution. Linear regression indicated no relationship between rainfall and species density. The quantitative analysis of macrofungi revealed a positive trend towards re-creation of forest too.


Among the periodontal infections, gingival recession is a separate clinical entity which demands a permanent solution plan. Treatment therapies are based on either elimination (as in case of Miller's class I/II recession) or increasing the width of keratinized gingiva for prevention of further progression (as in case of Miller's class III/IV recession). From the centuries, graft surgeries like free gingival graft, lateral pedicle and Coronally advanced flaps have been successful in the  treatment of gingival recession. As every technique has its own merits and demerits, clinicians have tried to stress upon addition of certain adjuncts or biomaterials to ensure rapid healing and less post-operative discomfort. Platelet concentrates are an excellent biomaterials for increasing width of attached gingiva and enhancing wound healing. They are cost effective, do not require donor tissue for harvesting and contain variety of growth factors for initiating regeneration. In this paper, Platelet-rich fibrin a 2nd generation concentrates has been used as an adjunct to Coronally advanced flap with a purpose of increasing width of keratinized gingiva, obtaining complete root coverage and achieving gingival harmony.


Decision makers are often faced with the problem of grouping inventory into categories for cost-effective and efficient management and control of inventory. The classical ABC inventory analysis has been applied widely in industry. However, the approach is associated with practical limitations: the desired service level and budget allocation constraints are not considered simultaneously, there is no guarantee for optimal solutions, and qualitative decision criteria are not modelled explicitly. It is desirable to develop models that can capture quantitative and qualitative criteria, from a multi-criteria optimization view point. In light of these limitations, the purpose of this research is to model the inventory grouping problem using grouping genetic algorithms approach. We first assess the grouping structure of the inventory classification problem, and then model the grouping problem from the grouping genetic algorithm perspective. Further research prospects and applications are evaluated and presented.


In this paper, block-based compressive ultra low-light-level imaging (BCU-imaging) is studied. Objects are divided into blocks. Features, or linear combinations of block pixels, instead of pixels, are measured for each block to improve system measurement SNR and thus object reconstructions. Thermal noise and shot noise are discussed for object reconstruction. The former is modeled as Gaussian noise. The latter is modeled as Poisson noise. Linear Wiener operator and linearized iterative Bregman algorithm are used to reconstruct objects from measurements corrupted by thermal noise. SPIRAL algorithm is used to reconstruct object from measurements with shot noise. Linear Wiener operator is also studied for measurements with shot noise, because Poisson noise is similar to Gaussian noise at large signal level and feature values are large enough to make this assumption feasible. Root mean square error (RMSE) is used to quantify system reconstruction quality.


The invention provides an electronic ink screen ghost shadow removing method, a display method and a corresponding electronic device. The electronic ink screen ghost shadow removing method comprises a trigger condition detection step and a ghost shadow removing step. The trigger condition detection step comprises the process of detecting whether a trigger condition to perform ghost shadow removing on the electronic screen is satisfied, and the ghost shadow removing step comprises step of refreshing the image of the electronic ink screen through a preset refreshing mode when the fact that the trigger condition is satisfied is detected. The invention targets the electronic ink screen product. When the ghost shadow is needed to be removed, the ghost shadow removing operation is triggered through checking the corresponding trigger condition; the invention can remove the ghost shadow at the moment when the user is interfered the least when guaranteeing the removing effect of the ghost shadow and eliminates the flickering of the screen. As a result, the invention can minimize the discomfortableness of the refreshing operation, and dramatically improving the comfort of the user during the usage of the electronic ink screen.


This paper outlines the broad legal framework governing cloud seeding activities in California.  This legal framework has largely developed from other forms of water regulation. First, this paper describes cloud seeding and explains why entities use cloud seeding in California and why it is likely to increase.  Second, this paper analyzes the role of the federal government and Native American Tribes in water law and, by extension, the law governing cloud seeding activities. Third, this paper examines the constitutionality of cloud seeding under both the United States and California Constitutions. Fourth, this paper examines the applicability of current California surface water and groundwater regulations to cloud seeding activities. Fifth, this paper examines potential interstate conflicts resulting from cloud seeding. Lastly, this paper examines the effects of Federal and State Environmental laws on cloud seeding activities.


Abstract : A cost and systems effectiveness analysis was performed for Marine Corps Divisions comparing two new consolidated feeding systems (designated XM-75 and XM-76). The results demonstrated that both of the new systems were superior to the conventional Marine Corps system. Of the two new systems, the XM-75 is preferred providing a relative worth of 39% more than the conventional system and 5% more than the XM-76.


Reinforced concrete corners have inherently more flexural strength across the corner than at other sections when subjected to negative bending moments. The modes of failure and cracking characteristics of negative moment corners, and the reliability of different conventional reinforcement arrangements at corners are studied. The results show that the cracked section moment capacity of the corners should be considered reliable. Channel shaped frame specimens, with and without initial flaws at the corners, are used in the study. Three types of reinforcement arrangements are investigated. Corner efficiency rating is obtained.


Hypocotyl-derived callus from the Helianthus annuus L. inbred line SS415B regenerated significantly more plants if the seedlings were grown in the light. The difference between light- and dark-grown seedlings was not correlated with differences in seedling ethylene production, but seemed to be due to a difference in sensitivity to ethylene at a specific time during seedling growth. Treating 3-day-old dark-grown seedlings with 10 μM aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) effectively inhibited ethylene production for at least 7 days. Hypocotyl callus derived from AVG-treated seedlings gave the same amount of regeneration as callus from light-grown seedlings. Promotion of regeneration by AVG was not seen unless the 3-day-old seedlings were grown for 4 additional days prior to culturing hypocotyl explants. The effects of AVG could be reversed by treatment with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) during these 4 days. After the 4 days, ACC was no longer effective.


The paper considers the relation between monetary policy expectations and financial markets in the case of Europe. A number of money market instruments are compared, with the result that the 1-month forward interest rates extracted from the Libor yield curve has the best prediction power of the future monetary policy path. These forward rates have been used to study the evolution of market expectations regarding the monetary policy of the European Central Bank (ECB). The sharp increases and the following decreases in interest rates during 2000–2001 have reduced the predictive power of money market instruments, but smoother management of interest rates and better communication from the ECB has helped to improve the forecasting power of money market instruments.


The basic principles of spray droplets formation,their impaction and adhesion are described with particular emphasis on the effect of surfactants and polymers.Pargicular attention is given to the dynamic process of adsorption and its effect on the droplets formed.This is followed by a section on drift reduction.The role of high molecular weight polymers in reducing droplet size is explained in terms of polymer coil overlap which results in a large increase in the viscosity of the solution.The principles of long term stability of sprayable emulsions formulation are disˉcussed.The emulsifiers used must prevent any flocculation and/or coalescence.The high molecular weight polymer added(thickener)reduces or eliminates creaming or sedimentation by increasing the viscosity at lowshear stresses or shear rates and producing a"yield value".An example of an effective emulsifier/thickener system for sprayable formulation is given.This is based on a mixture of non-ionic surfactants and two ploymers namely Mannan and Xanthan gum.The emulsifier mixture prevents flocculation and/or coalescence by steric stabilisation.The Mannan/Xanthan mixture produces a high viscosity at low stresses or shear rates,at low concentrations.The spray droplets produced using these surfacˉtant/thickener mixtures were larger than100μm,thus preventing drift.This is in contrast with commercial sprayable formulations which gave droplet sizes in the region of54μm that gave significant drift.The sprayable formulations based on the present emulsifier/thickener systems also showed rapid elastic recovery and this gave good skin effl and spreading of the formulation.


Carotenoids are the main pigments responsible of the colouration of Citrus fruits. The β-cyclization of lycopene, catalysed by the lycopene β-cyclases (β-LCY), seems to be a key regulatory step of the carotenoid pathway. In the present study, two β-LCYs from orange fruits (Citrus sinensis), named Csβ-LCY1 and Csβ-LCY2 have been isolated and the activity of the encoded proteins was demonstrated by functional analysis. Csβ-LCY1 was expressed at low levels and remained relatively constant during fruit ripening while Csβ-LCY2 showed a chromoplast-specific expression and a marked induction in both peel and pulp of orange fruits in parallel with the accumulation of β,β-xanthophylls. The potential involvement of Csβ-LCY2 in the accumulation of lycopene, characteristic of some Citrus species such as red grapefruits, was investigated. Expression of Csβ-LCY2 and another seven carotenoid biosynthetic genes were studied in the peel and pulp of the high lycopene-accumulating grapefruit, Star Ruby, and compared with those of ordinary Navel orange. In Star Ruby, the accumulation of lycopene during fruit maturation was associated with a substantial reduction in the expression of both β-LCY2 and β-CHX genes with respect to Navel orange. Moreover, two different alleles of β-LCY2: β-LCY2a and β-LCY2b were isolated from both genotypes, and functional assays demonstrated that the lycopene β-cyclase activity of the allele b was almost null. Interestingly, Star Ruby grapefruit predominantly expressed the unfunctional β-LCY2b allele during fruit ripening whereas Navel oranges preferably expressed the functional allele. It is suggested that the presence of diverse alleles of the β-LCY2 gene, encoding enzymes with altered activity, with different transcript accumulation may be an additional regulatory mechanism of carotenoid synthesis involved in the accumulation of lycopene in red grapefruits.


Background: Intravenous thrombolysis is an approved treatment method for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and is recommended by multiple guidelines. However, it seems that it is less frequently used in the developing countries compared to the developed countries. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the percentage of patients with AIS, eligible for intravenous thrombolytic therapy, at the main referral center in Northwest Iran and to determine the main barriers for implementation of this method. Patients and Methods: Over one year, 647 patients who were admitted to the emergency department and met the Cincinnati Stroke Scale were enrolled into the study. The center to which patients were admitted, is a tertiary university hospital that has the required infrastructure for thrombolytic therapy in AIS. Factors recorded were neurological examinations and time between onset of symptoms and hospital arrival, hospital arrival and performance of brain computed tomography (CT) scanning, and hospital arrival to complete the investigations. Patients eligible for intravenous thrombolytic therapy were identified according to the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. Results: Mean time interval between hospital arrival and completion of brain CT scanning was 91 minutes (range: 20–378 minutes) and mean time from hospital arrival to completion of investigations was 150 minutes (range: 30–540 minutes). A total of 159 (31.3%) patients arrived at hospital within 3 hours of the onset of symptoms (early enough for intravenous thrombolytic therapy). However, 81.7% (130/159) of these patients missed thrombolytic therapy due to delayed performance of brain CT scanning and laboratory tests and 38.3% (61/159) had contraindications. The remaining 16 patients (10% of those who arrived within 3 hours and 3.1% of all cases) were eligible for thrombolytic therapy. Conclusions: The major barriers for thrombolytic therapy for patients with AIS in this setting were delays in the provision of in-hospital services, like initial patient assessment, CT scans or laboratory studies. These results were in contrast with previous reports.


Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu Tampere University of Applied Sciences Degree Programme in Media Option of Interactive Media GIAM, YEE FENG: Setting up an Online Store for Selling Art Prints Bachelor's thesis 48 pages, appendices 7 pages December 2017 In the era of crowdsourcing and online entrepreneurship, there is an abundance of opportunities for makers such as artists, illustrators and designers to obtain funding for creative projects, as well as to sustain income through selling artworks online. However, as with most issues concerning the Internet and its extensiveness, it requires skill and time to sieve through oversaturated information to find the right tools for launching a creative business online. Therefore, this thesis was initiated to gather information on existing platforms and marketplaces for makers like myself who wish to sell prints of our own artworks, to analyse their functionalities through a user experience perspective, and to prepare a guide on setting up an online storefront. The study was constructed with information collected from online and offline reading materials about usability and user experience design for e-commerce platforms. Various existing platforms relevant to selling artworks online were identified, and a comparative analysis including trial setups was conducted. The final part of the thesis containing documented process of setting up the online store —Foodman by Chrystal—concludes with the observation that substantial information and straightforward guidelines are crucial in helping makers find the best option to pursue online entrepreneurship in their field of interest.


During Texas's decade as a republic, its newspapers never galvanized into a truly partisan press. The newspapers of Texas were political, but rather than focusing on party principles, they opposed or supported political candidates during the republic's four presidential elections, with two-term President Sam Houston as the pivotal figure. The independence of most newspapers from party patronage and influence and their patriotic elevation of the good of the country over loyalty to any faction demonstrated that editors did not fully adopt the American style of press partisanship they experienced before moving to Texas. Elections in the republic revolved around personalities instead of policies.


The automotive industry is an important sector of the European economy, based on a complex system of innovation clusters that are found in every EU country. The study focuses on a detailed research regarding the automotive field in Romania in terms of growth, its place and role in the auto industry and the European economy. The research also aims to study the competitiveness of the automotive clusters in terms of indicators such as employment, exports turnover. The results revealed that only 0.47% of the employed population work in automotive clusters and sector exports are growing steadily, reaching in 2014 to 24% of country's total exports. The automotive industry is currently one of the most competitive in Romania and the Romanian economy engine.


Many diseases are associated with incredible pain and suf fering. Others impair func tion and independence to the extent that human dignity is  eroded. In many instances the natural history of such conditions often leads to death within a reasonable period of time. In some cases, protracted ill health, pain, suffering and indig nity ensue. Such circumstances have since time immemorial triggered the debate on euthana sia – a debate on what it means to have a good death. Acting compassionately, many South African doctors have, to some extent, either passively or actively assisted patients in achieving a good death.


This paper explores the relationship between church attendance (religiosity) and reasons for not drinking alcohol among undergraduate college student in historically black university. The data for this study was based on a selfadministered survey of 188 student volunteers from various classes from a 4-year historically black university in Southwest Georgia. The findings indicate that church attendance and the number of alcoholic beverages consumed are not independent but strongly related. Analysis of the data suggests that those who attend church regularly tend to drink fewer alcoholic beverages than those who attend church less regularly.


Report presenting an investigation of stores on the Douglas D-558-II research airplane in the wind tunnel and in flight using various store configurations. The drag measured for all store configurations was high, from two to three times the free-air drag estimated for the store and pylon. Results regarding longitudinal characteristics and lateral characteristics are provided.


Simple Summary Emotions play an important role in animal survival through better cohesion and coordination, and affect behavioral, physiological, and cognitive responses in animals. Improving positive emotions and reducing negative emotions has been advocated for better compliance with animal welfare and to improve the productivity of animals. The preslaughter handling of animals is a very crucial stage of meat production as it affects animal welfare and meat quality. The slaughter environment could lead to emotional stress in animals. There is a need to study the effect of exposure to the slaughter environment in goats. Abstract Recent advances in emotions and cognitive science make it imperative to assess the emotional stress in goats at the time of slaughter. The present study was envisaged to study the electroencephalogram and physiological responses as affected by slaughter empathy in goats. A total of 12 goats were divided into two groups viz., E-group (goats exposed to slaughter environment, n = 6) and S-group (goat slaughtered in front of E-group, n = 6). The electroencephalogram and physiological responses in male Boer cross goats (E-group) were recorded in a slaughterhouse in two stages viz., control (C) without exposure to the slaughter of conspecifics and treatment (T) while visualizing the slaughter of conspecifics (S—slaughter group). The exposure of the goat to the slaughter of a conspecific resulted in a heightened emotional state. It caused significant alterations in neurobiological activity as recorded with the significant changes in the EEG spectrum (beta waves (p = 0.000491), theta waves (p = 0.017), and median frequency MF or F50 (p = 0.002)). Emotional stress was also observed to significantly increase blood glucose (p = 0.031) and a non-significant (p = 0.225) increase in heart rate in goats. Thus, slaughter empathy was observed to exert a significant effect on the electric activity of neurons in the cerebrocortical area of the brain and an increase in blood glucose content.


Two criteria for ROF link with vector signal transmission are proposed, which are not only applicable for V-band (57–64 GHz), but also fit for W-band (75–110 GHz), 802.11n (2.4GHz, or 5GHz), or any other bandwidth.


KAIST installed the practical facility using the solar air-conditioning system (SACS) at the northwestern part of Jeju island to investigate and improve the performance of SACS. Flat-plate solar collectors, absorption chiller and air handling unit are used for this facility. The research on the SACS is not limited to the analysis of the performance of equipments, but is extended to develop the automatic control system and the data acquisition system for SACS. Specification of the whole system has been made through theoretical analysis and basic design. This is the first one for the series of the research report for the improvement on the performance of SACS by KAIST.


Sow functional teat number (FTEAT) is positively associated with piglet preweaning survival and litter throughput. The objective was to estimate the value of FTEAT in relationship to litter size to optimize the number of pigs weaned. Number of pigs born alive (NBA) and total teat number (TTEAT) were counted at farrowing on 836 multiparous purebred sows between March and September, 2020. Teats were evaluated by trained staff at farrowing and considered functional based on visual appraisal of teat morphology. Litter size at weaning (LSW) was recorded after a 26.5 d lactation length (LL). Sow was the experimental unit and all data were analyzed as a function of the biological sow. Number born alive was categorized by quartile: Q1 ≤ 10 NBA (n=185; µ=8.2); Q2 = 11 to 12 NBA (n=194; µ=11.6); Q3 = 13 to 14 NBA (n=238; µ=13.5); Q4 ≥ 15 NBA (n=219; µ=16.3). Data were analyzed in PROC GLM of SAS with farm, breed, and NBA quartile as categorical effects and LL and FTEAT as linear terms. The interaction of NBA quartile and FTEAT was also included. Mean TTEAT, FTEAT, LSW and preweaning survival were 15.4, 14.5, 11.3 and 89.4%, respectively. As a linear term, a one teat increase in FTEAT improved (P< 0.01) LSW by 0.3±0.1 pigs. Yet the value of an additional functional teat increased with increasing NBA. A one teat increase in FTEAT improved (P< 0.01) LSW in Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 by 0.12, 0.27, 0.33, and 0.38 pigs, respectively. The analysis demonstrates the impact of FTEAT on sow performance increases with increasing litter size, and highlights the importance of functional teats to optimize litter throughput and maximize the genetic potential of a maternal line.


Objective:To evaluate the effect of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) on renal function by comparing between the severe OSAHS patients and healthy controls. Methods:A total of 124 severe OSAHS patients and 75 non-snorer healthy controls were recruited to detect the serum creatinine(Scr),uric acid(UA),cystatin C(Cys C) and the urine microalbumin. Results:There were no significant differences in Scr and UA between OSAHS group and healthy controls.The level of Cys C was higher in the OSAHS patients than in healthy controls (P0.01).As compared with that in healthy controls,the level of urine micro-albumin was increased in OSAHS patients(P0.05).Conclusion:The levels of Scr and UA had no difference between OSAHS patients and healthy controls,but the tendency to increase in the OSAHS patients still could be observed.As compared with healthy controls,the levels of Cys C and the urine micro-albumin were increased in the OSAHS patients.The abnormal renal function might exist in the severe OSAHS patients.


In this paper, a ring coupling-based fault-tolerant control scheme is proposed to synchronize multi-robot systems with actuator faults. The control scheme includes a sliding-mode control law and a sliding-mode observer. The sliding-mode control law is given via the ring coupling strategy for a multi-robot system. To observe the status of unmeasurable variables and unknown fault control information, a sliding mode observer is designed such that the unknown fault information is accurately reconstructed by using the equivalent principle of sliding-mode variable structure. Based on the observed status value and fault reconstructed value, the sliding-mode control law can be adjusted online and thus the collaborative fault-tolerant control is realized online. Finally, simulations and experiments are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


ABSTRACT Objectives Despite therapeutic vancomycin is regularly monitored, its dose requirements vary considerably between individuals. Various innovative vancomycin dosing strategies have been developed for dose optimization; however, the utilization of individual factors and extensibility is insufficient. We aimed to develop an optimal dosing algorithm for vancomycin based on the high-dimensional data using the proposed variable engineering and machine-learning methods. Methods This study proposed a variable engineering process that automatically generates second-order variable interactions. We performed an initial examination of independent variables and interactive variables using eXtreme Gradient Boosting. The vancomycin dose prediction model was established based on the derived variables. Results Based on the evaluation of the model performance in the validation cohort, our algorithm accounted for 67.5% of variations in the vancomycin doses. Subgroup analysis showed better performance in patients with medium and high body weight (with the ideal predictive percentage of 72.7% and 73.7%), and low and medium levels of serum creatinine (with the ideal predictive percentage of 77.8% and 73.1%) than in other groups. Conclusion The new vancomycin dose prediction model is potentially useful for patients whose population profiles are similar to those of our patients and yielded desired reference of clinical indicators with specific breakpoints.


Mining fleet management is fundamental to the transportation infrastructure in a mining nowadays. Several factors influence the success of a new system adoption, such as changes in the project design, operational maturity, direct leadership engagement, and senior management participation. To start with, the main objective of this study is to present the results obtained with the implementation of the Fleet Management System in a mining company located in the Southeast region of Brazil. In this study, the chronology of the implementation of the technology was presented, comparing the operational factors and environmental impacts to the operation results. As a result, there was a 23% increase in the transportation fleet performance, which led to a monthly potential reduction in the emission of 136 tons of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere because of the reduction of the transportation fleet required for ore movement. Furthermore, these gains may be enhanced over the years, expanding its possibilities with the use of new techniques and research.


Amyloid accumulation in the brain is the major pathological hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD). Amyloid beta (Aβ) is cleared by the endosomal‐autophagy‐lysosomal system, which is impaired in AD pathogenesis by an unknown mechanism. Pseudoginsenoside‐F11 (PF11), an ocotillol‐type ginsenoside, has been demonstrated to decrease the level of Aβ in APP/PS1 mouse brain and to protect neurons by inhibiting the activation of microglia in vitro. The present study showed that PF11 was capable of increasing the uptake and degradation of oligomeric Aβ in cultured microglia. Oligomeric Aβ (oAβ) interrupted the autophagy‐lysosomal degradative system by regulating the nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master factor in lysosomal biogenesis. Conversion of Rab5 to Rab7, which is important for the mechanism of cargo progression from early to late endosomes, was also interrupted by high‐concentration oAβ. Notably, in the PF11‐treated microglial cells, a dramatic increase of the lysosome‐associated proteins and enzyme expression were observed, along with the intracellular pH steady state, indicating the improvement of lysosomal function. In addition, PF11 induced TFEB nuclear translocation in microglia treated with high‐concentration oAβ. Furthermore, PF11 was able to restore Rab conversion, suggesting an effective role of PF11 in the maturation of endosomes. These data provide evidence that PF11 can reverse the dysfunction of the endosomal‐lysosomal system induced by high‐concentration oAβ in microglia, and this might be the main mechanism by which PF11 facilitates oAβ clearance. Accordingly, we propose that PF11 should be considered as a potential agent for treating AD.


The article is devoted to the analytical study of macroeconomic indicators characterizing the development of the national economy of Ukraine and the agrarian sector of the economy. The conducted researches were based on information from open official sources and determined that in Ukraine for the period 2001 - 2018 a stable level of growth of the domestic gross product was ensured. It was found that significant contribution to the positive stabilization of key indicators of the domestic economy, including GDP, was made by enterprises of agriculture, forestry and fisheries. It is determined that the agrarian sector forms the economic basis of Ukraine, and it is a determining factor in the formation of macroeconomic and social indicators. Specificity of agrarian production determines the peculiarity of its functioning. Many products of the agricultural sector are parts of the production process, bypassing the scope of commodity circulation. It was found that the GDP structure at the state level changed the structure of GDP by income categories. The average value of gross profit, mixed income in the agricultural sector is twice as much as in the national economy; the increase in net profit in the agricultural sector was even faster at the national economy. The higher ratio of net profit excess over the gross profit is explained by the lower average level of consumption of fixed capital in the agricultural sector of economy. Differential features of agriculture are associated with significant intermediate consumption of own-produced products, which does not take the form of a final product intended for sale. It is substantiated that further preservation of the positive tendency of macroeconomic indicators is possible under the condition of positive dynamics of development of institutional sectors of the economy, including the agricultural sector, provided the specificity of its production process.


The ultrastructure of intracytoplasmic meronts and macrogamonts of Eimeria s.l. boveroi in the small intestine of the gekkonid lizard Hemidactylus mabouia from Belem, Para north Brazil is described. Young meronts, and some of the fully grown macrogamonts, are coated with a glycocalyx which, in cross-section, has the appearance of a series of fine tubules. The wall of the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) is a single membrane, lined on the host-cytoplasm side with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) which sometimes expands into large cisternae filled with electron-lucent, globular material. The membranal edges of the ER, canaliculi and cisternae have regularly spaced indentations filled with an electron-dense substance. Vesicular mitochondria are present in addition to those of the conventional type. Macrogamonts develop the characteristic type 1 and type 2 wall-forming bodies, and in some zygotes the cisternae containing the latter are grossly expanded. Both types of wall-forming bodies persist in young oocysts that have a distinct oocyst wall.


In this paper, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP) non-wovens were modified by a dielectric barrier discharge in air, helium and argon at medium pressure (5.0 kPa). The helium and argon discharges contained a fraction of air smaller than 0.1 %. Surface analysis and characterization were performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, liquid absorptive capacity measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The non-wovens, modified in air, helium and argon, showed a significant increase in liquid absorptive capacity due to the incorporation of oxygen-containing groups, such as C—O, O—C=O and C=O. It was shown that an air plasma was more efficient in incorporating oxygen functionalities than an argon plasma, which was more efficient than a helium plasma. SEM pictures of the plasma-treated nonwovens showed that the hydrophilicity of the nonwovens could be increased to a saturation value without causing physical degradation of the surface. The ageing behavior of the plasma-treated textiles after storage in air was also studied. It was shown that during the ageing process, the induced oxygen-containing groups re-orientated into the bulk of the material. This ageing effect was the smallest for the argon-plasma treated non-wovens, followed by the helium-plasma treated non-wovens, while the air-plasma treated non-wovens showed the largest ageing effect.


The efficiency of cereal-based biotechnological processes closely linked to both their chemical composition and selection of cell-wall degrading enzymes. Degradation of cell-wall polysaccharides during processing, by means of added or naturally occurring endogenous xylanases, may also affect the quality of the end-product. The aim of the present study was determination of the apparent activity of endogenous xylanases in four winter rye varieties and in two newly developed rye hybrids. The influence of variety and climatic conditions on apparent endoxylanase activity was investigated. Rye cultivars were grown on different soils at three Plant Breeding Stations of Lithuania in 2003 and 2004. The apparent endoxylanase activity was studied in the albumin type extracts from meal of the rye kernels (pH 4.5; 40 °C) by an assay based on dinitrosalicylic acid. The arabinoxylan used as substrate was isolated from wheat bran, and the reducing sugars were purified by cationexchange chromatography. The results showed the significant influence of the genotype and agro-climatic conditions on the endoxylanase activity varying between 5.1±0.6 and 23.6±0.9 nkat/g grain. No significant correlations were found between Falling number (FN) and apparent endoxylanase activity in rye.


In the present scenario all software systems are because they cannot be built with mathematical or physical certainty, Hence in this research paper the comparison of various software development models has been carried out. According SDLC e ach and e very model have the advantage and disadvantage so in this research we have to calculate the performance of each model on behalf of some important features. The concept of system lifecycle models came into existence that emphasized on the need to follow some structured approach towards building new or improved system.


Background: Breast cancer accounts for 29.7% of cancers in Nigerian females. 1 The incidence among Nigerian women is increasing, with a peak at 35-45 years age bracket. 2 Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the awareness and practice of self breast examination as a screening tool for early detection of breast cancer among female traders and shoppers in Sagamu. The objectives were: to assess the awareness of self breast examination among the study group; to find out what proportion of them do practise self breast examination; and to find out factors that are associated with the practice of self breast examination. Method: It was a cross sectional study of female traders and shoppers, who were aged 15-65years. Questionnaires were administered by interviewers on women who were selected by two-stage sampling technique. Analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 17.0. Results: Four hundred and thirty four women (84.3%) were aware of breast cancer; 349 (67.8%) were aware of self breast examination; and 269 (52.5%) were aware of its advantage in detecting breast cancer. The rate of practising self breast examination was 29.5%, Age (P=0.446) and religion (P=0.121) did not have any significant association with the practice of self breast examination. The educational status (P=0.016) was significantly associated with the practice of self breast examination. Conclusion: In this study 52.5% of the women knew that self breast examination is a screening tool for early detection of breast cancer. However the practice of self breast examination was low (29.5%).


The spin correlation coefficient C/sub kp/ in elastic protonproton scattering was measured for an energy of 660 Mev at an angle of 90 deg in the c.m.s. C/sub kp/ (90 deg ) was found to be 0.22 plus or minus 0.18. (auth)


Thirteen species in five genera of the Libellulidae family were collected in a survey of dragonflies (Odonata) of Shiraz and its vicinity, involving 19 locations, The presented records of the libellulid dragonflies taken from the Fars province comprise a first time collection of two genera, Sympetrum and Pantala, and seven species, Orthetrum anceps Schnider, Orthetrum taeniolatum Schneider, Orthetrum chrysostigma Burmeister, Sympetrum fonscolombii Selys, Sympetrum meridionale Selys, Crocothemis servilia Drury, Trithemis kirbyi Selys, and Pantala flavescens Fabricius. A map of the localities of  Fars province was provided as a table of the species' distributions and an identification key was presented for the genera and species the Libellulidae family of Shiraz and its vicinity.


The main objective of this study was to score v ariability of fertility traits of boars as influenced by breed, age at first ejaculation/collection (AFE), the lean meat content (LM), lifetime average daily gain (ADG) and age of boars. The following fertility traits were analysed: libido, duration of eja culation (DE), ejaculate volume (VOL), the density of the ejaculate (DEN) and sperm motility (MO) of boars. Boars' libido was assessed on the basis of duration of prepar ing to collection (DPC). The study included 7987 ejaculates from 105 boars of three breeds: Swedish Landrace (SL; n=34), Large White (LW; n=39) and Duroc (n=32). Impact assessment was carried out using the GLM procedure of the statistical package SAS 9.1.3 (SAS Inst. Inc., 2002-2003). Of all the traits analysed, only the DPC and VOL varied under the influence of all investigated impacts . Boars of SL and LW breeds demonstrated superiority in the trait VOL (+12.53 and +11.25 ml) compared to Duroc. Ejaculates of boars with AFE from 23 to 27 weeks had the highest VOL, but with the lowest qualitative properties. Contrary to the negative trend in the manifestation of libido, increas e of LM and ADG indicated the trend of increasing DE and VOL. Boars with LM of 61% and higher had the highest VOL, and the differences in relation to the first and second class were +6.32 ml (P<0.01) and +5.18 ml (P<0.05), respectively. The ejaculate volume of the boars with the highest ADG compared to the other classes was higher (P<0.001) by 10.88 and 9.81 ml. Boars in different ADG classes produced ejaculate with differing qualitative property DEN. Correlations between production traits and fertility traits were negligible, and unlike the ADG, only the correlation between LM and DPC was statistically significant ( P<0.001).


Recent results on KL rare decays from Fermilab E799, based on data from the 1991 run, are reviewed. Final results on KL→e+e−e+e−, π0νν are presented.


We consider the caching problem in an online learning perspective, i.e., no model assumptions and prior knowledge for the file request sequence. Our goal is to design an efficient on-line caching policy with minimal regret, i.e, minimizing the total number of cache-miss with respect to the best static configuration in hindsight. Previous studies such as Follow-The-Perturbed-Leader (FTPL) caching policy, have provided some near-optimal results, but their theoretical performance guarantees only valid for the regime wherein all arrival requests could be seen by the cache, which is not the case in some practical scenarios like caching at cellular base station, content dissemination via DNS, etc. Hence our work study the partial-feedback regime wherein only requests for currently cached files are seen by the cache, which is more challenging and has not been studied before in the online learning perspective. We propose an online caching policy combining the FTPL with a novel popularity estimation procedure called Geometric Resampling (GR), and show that it yields the first sublinear regret guarantee in this regime. We also conduct numerical experiments to validate the theoretical guarantees of our caching policy.


If a fruit fly on a near-starvation diet smells food odors, some of the life-stretching effects of the diet disappear, researchers report in a study published online by
 Science
 this week (www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1136610). (Read more.)


The present invention relates to a process for producing granular fertilizer prilling tower, comprising a tower body (50), in the upper part of the granulation tower platform (30), the roof of the tower (20) at the top of the tower, the tower cap (20 ) and granulated internet (exhaust means (40) between the 30), inlet means (60) and closing the hopper (70) located in the lower portion of the tower, wherein the tower (50) is a steel structure, comprising a mounting column (10) and a pillar (10) is connected to the base of the cross member (51) formed of a frame structure, the pillar (10) and beams (51) are made of steel. The advantage is the use of materials and steel plate manufacturing, and therefore lower cost than reinforced concrete tower, construction of fast, good quality, can reduce investment costs.


For the first time, the mineral composition and gemological characteristics of the petrified wood from the Ulyanovsk region, of jewelry and ornamental quality, have been studied. The petrified wood is associated with the Lower Cretaceous deposits and consists mainly of calcite (up to 73 mass. %); pyrite, apatite, gypsum are present; dolomite, anhydrite, hematite, pyrolusite, organic matter and X-ray amorphous substance have been fixed. According to the technological and decorative characteristics, the petrified wood of the Ulyanovsk region is a quality jewelry and ornamental material of the florogenic group.


Quantum computing plays a vital role in the next generation computing platforms as researchers have achieved quantum supremacy by proving that quantum computers can outperform classical computers. These high performance computers will pose a serious threat to the security of the conventional cryptographic algorithms. The secret key of the conventional cryptographic algorithms when implemented by quantum circuits can be recovered easily with the help of Grover key search algorithm. The Grover's algorithm requires low cost quantum implementation of cryptographic algorithms in order to mount the quantum key recovery attack successfully. Hence the low cost quantum implementation of conventional cryptographic algorithms to mount quantum key recovery attack using Grover search algorithm is an active area of research. For the first time in literature, this work proposes a novel quantum circuit implementation of two lightweight block ciphers namely PUFFIN and PRINT. Inplace method is used to optimize the quantum resources in these two ciphers which helps to build compact quantum circuits without extra ancilla inputs. The performance metrics considered in this work to quantify the quantum resources of the proposed circuits are number of quantum gates, quantum cost, latency and number of qubits. In addition, the quantum resources are also estimated to mount the quantum key recovery attacks on the proposed quantum circuit implementations of PUFFIN and PRINT using Grover-based key search algorithm.


A gene regulatory network describes the influence of genes over others. This paper attempts to model gene regulatory network by a recurrent neural net with fuzzy membership distribution of weights. A cost function is designed to match the response of neurons in the network with the gene expression data, and a differential evolution algorithm is used to minimize the cost function. The minimization yields fuzzy membership distribution of weights, which on de-fuzzification provides the desired signed weights of the gene regulatory network. Computer simulation reveals that the proposed method outperforms existing techniques in detecting sign, and magnitude of weights of the regulatory network.


Chua's oscillator is a simple autonomous third-order nonlinear circuit with a rich variety of dynamical behaviour. This paper presents a simple approach to synchronisation of Chua's oscillators using a state observer in control theory, which can be used as an interesting example for educational purposes in control systems, showing the students a simple way of coping with chaotic dynamics.


We study the problem of synthesizing a policy that maximizes the entropy of a Markov decision process (MDP) subject to expected reward constraints. Such a policy minimizes the predictability of the paths it generates in an MDP while attaining certain reward thresholds. We first show that the maximum entropy of an MDP can be finite, infinite or unbounded. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions under which the maximum entropy of an MDP is finite, infinite or unbounded. We then present an algorithm to synthesize a policy that maximizes the entropy of an MDP. The proposed algorithm is based on a convex optimization problem and runs in time polynomial in the size of the MDP. Finally, we extend the algorithm to an MDP subject to expected total reward constraints. In numerical examples, we demonstrate the proposed method on different motion planning scenarios and illustrate the trade-off between the predictability of paths and the level of the collected reward.


We present a new algorithm for finding vertexmagic total labelings of disjoint unions of triangles. Since exaustive searches are infeasible for large graphs, we use a specialized algorithm designed to find labelings with very restrictive properties, and then attempt to generate other labelings from these. We show constructively that there exists a vertex-magic total labeling, VMTL, for each of the feasible values of 7C3, 9C3 and 11C3.


This preliminary study characterized the adequacy of planned diets in two community-based, supported-living arrangements for adults with intellectual/developmental disabilities in Montana. The goals were to clarify the residents' nutritional risks and to identify appropriate areas and means for intervention. Observations, interviews, and analyses of menus, shopping lists, and grocery receipts led to conclusions about the residents' dietary adequacy. We conclude that the food systems, with their strong (and unhealthful) food traditions, lend themselves to systematic environmental changes, including targeted practice guidelines and support materials, to improve the diets and food habits.


This paper examines the perceived enjoyment of college students toward ads in online social networks. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 147 students from a higher education institution in Puerto Rico. The research ex-amined the social influence variables and the advertising-related variables in online social networks. Findings indicate that perceived enjoyment of college students positively affects the group norms, group intention, perceived ad relevance and response to social networks ads. In this way, the ads can be directed to consumers according to their interests, values, and beliefs within the virtual community, thus maximizing the use of social networks as a digital marketing tool.


Non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) is a common endocrine malignancy with a genetic basis that has yet to be unequivocally established. In a recent whole genome sequencing study of five families with recurrence of NMTCs, we shortlisted promising variants with the help of bioinformatics tools. Here, we report in silico analyses and in vitro experiments on a novel germline variant (p.V29L) in the highly conserved oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding domain of the Protection of Telomeres 1 (POT1) gene in one of the families. The results showed that the variant demonstrates a reduction in telomere-bound POT1 levels in the mutant protein as compared to its wild-type counterpart. HEK293Tcells carrying POT1V29L showed increased telomere length in comparison to wild type cells, strongly suggesting that the mutation causes telomere dysfunction and may play a role in predisposition to NMTC in this family. This study reports the first germline POT1 mutation in a family with a predominance of thyroid cancer, thereby expanding the spectrum of cancers associated with mutations in the shelterin complex.


H. METZNER described 2 a model for the photosynthesis of green plants consisting of a) the photolysis of AgCl sensitized by chlorophyll, reaction of Cl with H2O to give O2 and Cl⊖, and b) regeneration of Ag⊕ by reductive cleavage of Janus Green (1) by Ag. It is shown that under reaction conditions described the latter process is of no importance the main reaction being the well-known sequence a), and in part destruction of 1 by Cl formed in the course of a).


Kerr nonlinearity and Kerr-like nonlinearity induced via terahertz generation and the electro-optical effect in ZnTe crystal are investigated. In general, these nonlinear effects are concomitant and difficult to quantitatively analyze in the time domain. Even Z-scan technique, which is a simple and sensitive single-beam method to determine both the sign and magnitude of the nonlinear refractive index as well as the nonlinear absorption coefficient of a given material, cannot quantitatively analyze the contribution of each nonlinear effect directly. A method is proposed in the spectral domain to distinguish between Kerr nonlinearity and Kerr-like nonlinearity. Experimental results agree with theoretical analysis.


Cup quality of Coffea arabica coffee blends was evaluated through quantitative sensory tests. Aroma, acidity, bitterness, body, and global impression were measured and physicochemical analysis of pH, acidity, and beverage solids were made. Ripe, wet processed, naturally fermented, and sun dried coffee of cultivars Colombia, Caturra, Bourbon, and Typica from Chinchina, was used. No differences in cup quality of pure coffee varieties were detected for mean roasting ranges. Intensity of organoleptical qualities varied with the degree of roasting: the higher, the more intense bitterness and body, and less organoleptical and titrated acidity. All blends had very good characteristics and were balanced and soft, as corresponds to Colombian coffee. There was more balance in quality in the blends than in pure samples. The best sensory properties were for roasting weight losses of 14 to 15%. Pure varieties showed special characteristics that may be emphasized with roasting or may be balanced by blending. The highest sensory acidity was obtained in blends containing yellow-fruit Colombia variety.


An apparatus for a modular prosthesis having a stem and a neck comprises a handle and the adapter. The handle extends along an axis. The handle has a distal end and a proximal end. The proximal end has a blunt surface structure of which is hit. The adapter has a structure of the male end portion coupled to the inside of the stem bore. The adapter further has a surface structure that is coupled to the distal end of the handle. The adapter has a structure having an inner portion and outer portion. The inner portion has a relief such that the structure in which when the adapter is rotated with respect to the system separately from the stem.


1Formerly with Berkshire Farm for Boys, a private training school where the research reported here was conducted. This paper has been adapted from his master's thesis, Religious Beliefs and Attitudes of Delinquent Boys: An Exploratory Study, submitted jointly at Garrett Theological Seminary and Northwestern University in 1962 and available in the Northwestern University Library. 2Formerly with Berkshire Farm for Boys as U. S. Public Health Service Post‐doctoral Fellow (MPD‐13,256‐C1). Part of the work was done during the period of the Fellowship, the support of which is hereby appreciatively acknowledged.


This meta‐analysis aims to evaluate the performance of atrial sensing dipole in single lead implantable cardioverter defibrillator (VDD‐ICD) recipients in particular diagnosing new‐onset atrial high‐rate episodes (AHREs) defined as rate threshold of 200 beats per minute, or subclinical atrial fibrillation (SCAF) defined as device‐detected AF without symptoms. We comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Studies comparing contemporary single‐ and dual‐chamber ICD (VVI‐/DDD‐ICD) versus VDD‐ICD were included. Restricted maximum likelihood method for random effect model and Mantel‐Haenszel method for fixed effect model were used to estimate the effect size of new‐onset AHREs, or SCAF detection in each group. Three prospective studies were identified and total of 991 participants were included. There were 330 (33.3%) in VDD‐ICD and 661 (66.7%) in VVI‐/DDD‐ICD. Most (78%) participants were men. Median follow‐up was from 365 days to 847 days. VDD‐ICD has a higher likelihood of detecting AHREs or SCAF as compared to VVI‐/DDD‐ICD [(OR random effect : 2.6; 95% CI: 1.2, 5.8; p = .018); I‐squared = 67.8%, p = .019]. This difference was more apparently seen in the comparison between VDD‐ICD and VVI‐ICD [(OR random effect: 3.8; 95% CI: 2.1, 6.6, p < .001), I‐squared = 0.0%, p = .518]. The result is same as fixed effect. Rate of AHREs detection observed in VDD‐ICD was not statistically different when compared to the only group with DDD‐ICD from SENSE trial. In conclusion, this meta‐analysis reveals that the use of floating atrial sensing dipole in VDD‐ICD increases the detection of new‐onset AHREs or SCAF when compared to VVI‐ICD, with similar atrial sensing performance to DDD‐ICD.


The recent publication of "Environmental Life Cycle Comparison of Algae to Other Bioenergy Feedstocks" in Environmental Science & Technology by Clarens et al. (1), has generated significant attention within the bioenergy field. The authors of the study report that algae has greater greenhouse gas emissions, higher nutrient requirements, and greater water use relative to corn, switchgrass, and canola bioenergy feedstocks. The analysis presented by Clarens et al. (1) contains numerous assumptions that significantly affect the published result that algae is inferior to current terrestrial bioenergy feedstocks from a life cycle analysis (LCA) perspective. The most serious critique of the Clarens et al. (1) analysis is that the negative lifecycle analysis for algal fuel is directly determined by the choice of input values and assumptions. Source of CO2. Clarens et al. (1) assume that algal production must use CO2 and that the source of this CO2 will be derived from fossil-fuel sources. The choice of CO2 and production technology significantly affects the results and will determine the ultimate environmental and economic sustainability of an algal fuel industry. The result that using steam reformed CO2 for algae production is not environmentally or economically viable has been well-known for numerous years and as such, it is generally accepted that the CO2 will be derived from waste streams in any commercial system (2-4). By choosing steamreformed CO2, the authors are forcing a negative LCA calculation and then reporting this as a new result. Geographic Areas Chosen. An interesting feature of the Clarens et al. (1) study is the use of Virginia, California, and Iowa as the geographic areas upon which production values and resource uses were calculated. The production yields in Virginia and Iowa on currently cultivated land for corn and other terrestrial crops is not well suited to algal production. Numerous researchers at Sandia National Laboratories, Los Alamos National Laboratories, Pacific Northwest National Laboratories, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and others have determined that the southwestern states of: New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, and Nevada, as well as portions of California and Utah are ideal for growing algae due to solar insolation rates and average temperatures (4). These same areas also have abundant brackish water resources for capture as inputs to production. Agricultural Fossil Fuel Based Fertilizers. It is important to note that Clarens et al. (1) conclude that the energy and GHG profile of algae changes substantially when municipal waste sources are utilized. This conclusion has been reached by many researchers in algae, and was a prominent feature of the Algal Biomass Organization (ABO) summit in October 2009, with multiple publications on the topic. There is significant progress around the world on utilizing municipal, dairy, and industrial effluent streams for algal fuel production. Clarens et al. (1) LCA calculation was based on the use of agricultural, fossil-fuel based nutrients. Flocculation and Centrifugation Harvesting. It is wellknown that using centrifugation will result in an algal system that is uneconomic and unsustainable, and this is a key area where research funds are being expended by institutions like Los Alamos National Laboratories (5, 4). Energy Content of Algae. The choice of the energy content estimate is a key component in an LCA of any biomass crop. Publically available and standardized measures of the energy content of algae are less available than for those of switchgrass, canola, and corn. For corn and canola the authors compute a mass-weighted average HHV, but do not do this for algae. Fuel Conversion Energy Use. A final assumption used in the Clarens et al. (1) analysis that can lead to misinterpretation of their findings is the end-point of the LCA. For first generation systems that use steam reformed CO2, agricultural land in rainy areas, and fossil-fuel derived nutrients, the cultivation impacts will swamp any conversion and transportation benefits from algal fuels. However, once a second-generation system is analyzed using waste CO2, waste nutrients, and nonfresh water the conversion and energy density of algal fuels become significant (4).


Previous research suggests that a characteristic of the construction industry is a lack of technological innovation. Since this is seen as a problem, much theoretical development within construction management focuses on explaining the lack of innovation. Less effort has been expended on using such explanatory theories for investigating those rare exceptions in which construction firms succeed in the unlikely: successfully developing a new technology. This article makes use of the recently suggested framework by Dubois and Gadde. They describe the construction industry as a 'loosely coupled system' with four types of couplings, discuss why the particular mix of couplings in the construction system leads to a lack of innovation, and suggest types of couplings that construction firms should experiment with and change in order to boost innovation. A case study of a contractor developing a new technology is presented in terms of Dubois and Gadde's concepts and implications. The findings partly support and partly contradict their hypotheses. It seems that innovation is possible even if only a few of the existing couplings are changed. The most important changes relate to the tightening of intrafirm sequential inter‐project couplings enabling learning from project to project, and contract‐related couplings especially the design‐construction interface.


In this paper, we propose a cascade control system design based on linear active disturbance rejection control (SMC&A-LADRC) to address the following quadrotor UAV problems: that the path is easily yawed when disturbed, the control parameters are difficult to optimize, and the tracking accuracy is low. The strategy can effectively eliminate external disturbances and adjust the controller parameters online so that the quadrotor UAV always flies on the optimal path to achieve energy optimization and long-endurance flight. The proposed cascade control system combines the advantages of sliding mode control (SMC) and linear active-disturbance rejection control (LADRC), using the linear extended state observer (LESO) to estimate the uncertain external disturbances and unmodeled internal dynamics of the quadrotor system, compensate for the uncertain signals under SMC chattering, optimize the PD controller parameters online using adaptive control to eliminate the effects of parameter deviations, and simplify the parameter adjustment process. Finally, a stability analysis of the quadrotor cascade control system is carried out by using the Lyapunov theorem of stability, and a simulation analysis is carried out using MATLAB to compare the results with those obtained with classical LADRC. The test results indicate that the control strategy of this paper is reasonable for utilization with a quadrotor attitude and displacement control system, allowing the quadrotor to fly on the optimal path with good anti-interference ability and a fast response speed.


Inpatient geriatric consultative teams consist of health care professionals seeking to maintain functional abilities in the hospitalized elderly person. These teams also teach geriatric fellows, resident physicians, and medical students. The purpose of this article is to report on a half-day symposium given by geriatric medical educators to explore the composition and activity of these teams in medical practice and as educational vehicles.


The article introduces functional fibre and clothing which can be antiultraviolet, bacteria resistant, deodorizing, smooth washing antielectrostatic if nanometer materials are added into fibre and clothing. Application of nanometer technology in the dyeing and finishing is briefly stated.


This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/IJFS.14569 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved DR. UROŠ NOVAK (Orcid ID : 0000-0003-0561-8427) Article type : Original Manuscript Active chitosan-chestnut extract films used for packaging and storage of fresh pasta Kristi Kõrge, Marijan Bajić, Blaž Likozar, Uroš Novak 1 Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 2 Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia


A novel low-sidelobe microstrip antenna with sum and delta channels is designed.The low sidelobe corner-fed printed square patch antenna is studied.A hybrid ring circuit located on the center of the antenna performs the addition and subtraction of the signals from different ports.The antenna is capable of acquiring the range and angular information of all obstacles in its field-of-view simultaneously without using a scanning or switching antenna.Design,simulation and optimization are carried out using softwares of Ansoft Serenade and Ensemble.The results of experiment is similar to the results of simulation.It is obvious that this kind of antenna is able to meet the design target.


ABSTRACT Relaxation dynamics of unentangled polymer melts (with a chain length below N = 100 for polyethylene) can be studied by performing either Rouse mode or relaxation mode analysis, such as proper orthogonal decomposition. The former mode analysis can be derived analytically from the linear equation of motion of polymers with the inclusion of inertia term, whereas the latter is designed for the case when the numerical solution to a highly nonlinear equation of motion is known, such as MD simulation data. This article presents a summary of both approaches and their applications in the evaluation of zero-shear viscosity of polymer melts.


In this paper, we study the maximum degree in non-empty induced subgraphs of the Kneser graph $KG(n,k)$. One of the main results asserts that, for $k>k_0$ and $n>64k^2$, whenever a non-empty subgraph has $m\ge k{n-2\choose k-2}$ vertices, its maximum degree is at least $\frac 12(1-\frac {k^2}n) m - {n-2\choose k-2}\ge 0.49 m$. This bound is essentially best possible. One of the intermediate steps is to obtain structural results on non-empty subgraphs with small maximum degree.


A 1-year-old-male child presented with cyanosis and failure to thrive. A transthoracic echocardiogram established the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot, and the patient was referred for a CT angiography (CTA) for further evaluation. CTA confirmed the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot. An anomalous


The design of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) requires the fulfillment of several design requirements. The most important one is optimizing the battery's lifetime, which is tightly coupled to the sensor lifetime. End-users usually avoid replacing sensors' batteries, especially in massive deployment scenarios like smart agriculture and smart buildings. To optimize battery lifetime, wireless sensor designers need to delineate and optimize active components at different levels of the sensor's layered architecture, mainly, (1) the number of data sets being generated and processed at the application layer, (2) the size and the architecture of the operating systems (OS), (3) the networking layers' protocols, and (4) the architecture of electronic components and duty cycling techniques. This paper reviews the different relevant technologies and investigates how they optimize energy consumption at each layer of the sensor's architecture, e.g., hardware, operating system, application, and networking layer. This paper aims to make the researcher aware of the various optimization opportunities when designing WSN nodes. To our knowledge, there is no other work in the literature that reviews energy optimization of WSN in the context of Smart Energy-Efficient Buildings (SEEB) and from the formerly four listed perspectives to help in the design and implementation of optimal WSN for SEEB.


A cost control is a key of mine construction project management.The effect of the cost control would directly affect to the economic operation quality and economic benefit of the enterprise.In the recent years,the coal enterprises pay special attentions to the cost control during the mine construction period.The cost control,schedule control and quality control are the key contents of the mine construction project management.There is an interconnected relationship between the cost control,schedule control and quality control and the well coordinated three relationship would be the key of the cost control.The paper analyzed the cost control status of Mataihao Mine construction and stated the series work and measures conducted to strengthen the cost control during the mine construction process.with the schedule control,quality control,optimized design,contract management and bid management and other means,the optimized project management strategy of the cost control could be realized.


Nowadays the internet is not controllable and manageable due to its weak abilities of measurement and awareness,so the key to solve this problem is to enhance the ability of network awareness.Therefore,the study of the future internet,network-awareness has an important function as the internal network,and provides users with the perceived service.How user requests quickly and accurately matches the corresponding services are the key technologies that need to be addressed.To solve this problem,this paper presents an ontology based service semantic matching algorithm PSMA(perceived service matching algorithm).This algorithm is semantically matching user's request to service's description,and returning the results according to the comparison similarity.Test experiment results prove higher recall and precision than based and similarity-based matching algorithm.


Researches in the development of bio-diesel from woody oil-bearing plants were reviewed from the aspects of plant species,distribution,characteristics of the bio-diesel,and the current situations of the development and application of the bio-diesel.The significance of the development of bio-diesel from woody oil-bearing plants in China was discussed.


Abstract : Can deterrence be effectively executed in cyberspace? Ultimately, some aspects of deterrence as we understand it can be effective in cyberspace, but cyberspace is so unique and complex that we must broaden our knowledge of deterrence and qualify its application to have any strategic effect there. This paper will examine the concept of deterrence theory, reflect on the environment that has enabled nuclear deterrence, describe the cyberspace environment, contrast the two environments, discuss current deterrence policies, and make recommendations regarding the applicability of deterrence in cyberspace.


Background: Rotavirus disease is associated with a substantial financial burden. Rotavirus gastroenteritis in children under 5 results in considerable medical resource utilization and burden for parents and society. Methods: For this study a modeling approach was employed to assess the financial burden of rotavirus disease in 4 European Union countries (Belgium, France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom). Both direct medical costs to health authorities and indirect costs borne by society, parents, and employers were calculated. Results: The Purchasing-Power-Parity-adjusted direct cost expressed as a cost per exposure year, per child under 5, was highest in France (&U20AC;12.26) and Belgium (&U20AC;11.80) compared with the Netherlands (&U20AC;8.13) and the United Kingdom (&U20AC;7.67). The Purchasing-Power-Parity-adjusted indirect cost was estimated to be highest in the United Kingdom (&U20AC;15.47) and the Netherlands (&U20AC;15.33) compared with France (&U20AC;11.31) and Belgium (&U20AC;10.24). The sum of the direct medical and indirect costs of rotavirus disease management was estimated to be &U20AC;23.11 ± &U20AC;0.70/yr per child under 5 years for all 4 countries. Conclusions: In countries where more emphasis was placed on first-line intervention (United Kingdom, the Netherlands), direct costs were lower than in countries where access to second-line healthcare support was more open (Belgium, France). The data suggest that the greater burden of financial responsibility of managing rotavirus disease in children was borne by society (higher in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands than in France and Belgium). In Europe investment in rotavirus disease management is substantial, therefore the medical and economic benefits of a vaccination strategy should be considered to reduce the medical and financial burden associated with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis.


Recently, 3D packaging has been regarded as an important technical means to continue Moore's Law. However, excessive stacking will increase the longitudinal dimension, and one chip with high-density bondings packaging is still needed. Thus, it naturally places higher demand on thermal cycling reliability due to the decreased joint size to satisfy high-density packaging. In this work, the nano-Al2O3 (1 wt.%) modified Sn-1 wt.% Ag-0.5 wt.% Cu low-Ag solder was applied as a solder sample to evaluate the associated thermal cycling reliability. The investigated results revealed that the nano-Al2O3 modified solder did present enhanced thermal cycling reliability, as evidenced by the delayed microstructure coarsening and the inhibited atom inter-diffusion at interface caused by the adsorption of nano-Al2O3 on grain surfaces, and the resultant pinning effect. Worthy of note is that the potential of the newly developed nano-Al2O3 modified solder for high-density packaging applications (e.g., BGA, QFN, and CCGA) was evaluated based on the Finite Element Modeling.


Abstract : Flight measurements of the stability and control derivative characteristics have been made up to Mach numbers approaching the design limit (6.0) of the X-15 airplane and to angles of attack as high as 17 degrees. These data are, with minor exceptions, in generally good agreement with the predictions from wind-tunnel tests and theory. No adverse longitudinal characteristics have been uncovered; however, an area of reduced lateral-directional stability and poor lateral-directional control has been observed at moderate angles of attack due to a positive trend in the dihedral derivative for Mach numbers above approximately 2.2.


Objective: To study the clinical features and diagnosis methods of neurologic maintain of Lyme disease in Xinjiang. Methods: By means of IFAT,ELISA to test the antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi in the blood,CSF and MRI.SPECT EMC and so on for patients with Lyme disease. Result: It was confirmed that 56 cases were caused by Lyme disease spirochetes, including meaning encephalitis 7, Facial nerve palsies 5, Vestidular neuronitis 3, Headache 19, Polyneuropathies accompany muscular ache 8. Optic neurotic 4 cases.Epilepsy 4. Ulnar nerve palsy 1.Conclusion: When the cause of nervous system disorders were not clear,it is essential that the disease is differentiated from neurological Lyme disease and as early as possible get to serodiagnosis of Lyme disease.


A computationally efficient scheme for multi-path and multiple source location estimation, based on the EM algorithm is presented. The proposed scheme is optimal in the sense that it converges iteratively to the exact Maximum Likelihood of all source location parameters simultaneously.


This article aims to reconstruct the context of emergency of the historical didactics in Germany and the challenges of the new historical didactics in Brazil. To that end, it analysis the generational conflict in post-war German society, the legitimation crisis of History in the Sixties, the rising of the new historical didactics as an answer to this crisis and the differences between his theoreticians. Finally, it reflects about the influence of the German historical didactics in Brazil, analyzing the differences between his adepts and how the Brazilians theoreticians builds a new historical didactics who tries to answer the needs of orientation of our own experience in time


Aim: The objective of this study were to compare the reduction of cardiovascular response of ketamine between oral clonidine and intravenous lignocaine Methods: In a randomized, prospective, parallel group, double blinded study, 150 patients were recruited and allocated into three groups. Group I( n=50) received ketamine 2mg/kg with normal saline 10 ml, Group II (n=50) received ketamine 2mg/kg with lignocaine 1.5mg/kg made upto 10ml and Group III (n=50) received ketamine 2mg/kg with oral clonidine 3mg/kg with normal saline 10ml. The patients were observed for pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, before induction and for 10 minutes after induction. Results: The difference in pulse rate was much less in Group III 84.26 +/9.99) in comparision to Group I (99.14 +/15.11) bpm and Group II (93.48 +/14.86) bpm which is statistically significant (P= 0.0428). The mean arterial pressure of group III 100.2mm hg in comparision to group II 109.4 mm hg and group I :112.2 mm Hg was statistically significant ( P= 0.0006). Conclusion: Oral clonidine attenuate the increase in heart rate and blood pressure of intravenous keatmine effectively than intravenous lignocaine in puerperal sterilization.


Olefinic fatty methyl esters (undec-10-enoate (1), octadec-Z,9-enoate (2), methyl 12-hydroxyoctadec-Z,9-enoate (3)), on reaction with N-halosuccinimides (4 and 5), i.e., N-bromosuccinimide (NBS, 4) or N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS, 5), and dimercaptoethane (6) in diethylether gave the gemini surfactants (β,β'-dibromodithioethers) (7−12).


The nature of dark matter is one of the major puzzles of fundamental physics, in-tegral to the understanding of our universe across almost every epoch. The search for dark matter takes place at different energy scales, and use data ranging from particle colliders to astrophysical surveys. We focus here on CMB-S4, a future ground-based Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiment, which is expected to provide exquisite measurements of the CMB temperature and polarization anisotropies. These measurements (on their own and in combination with other surveys) will allow for new means to shed light on the nature of dark matter.


Quaternion analysis is considered in full details where a new analyticity condition in complete analogy to complex analysis is found. The extension to octonions is also worked out.


An electronic apparatus housing constitute a barrier to electromagnetic radiation. A typical cross section of such housing by three parallel layers. An outer surface layer and inner surface layer is suspended therein a conductive filler polymeric base material, giving the surface layer has a higher conductivity. Wherein the intermediate layer is a suspension with a high magnetic permeability material filled polymeric base material, giving the middle layer relatively high magnetic permeability.


Two‐electron processes produced by electron‐electron interaction in collisions of slow, highly charged ions with atoms are reviewed. These dielectronic processes are observed as manifestations of dynamic electron correlation in the collision systems 60‐keV O6++He and 60‐keV C6++He. In particular, the dielectronic process of autoexcitation is shown to create the configurations 2lnl ' (n≥3) of non‐equivalent electrons. Instrumental problems due to the detection of low‐energy Coster‐Kronig electrons in O6++He collisions, can be resolved by measuring K‐Auger electrons in the C6++He system. Calculated mean Auger yields are found to deviate significantly from unity in C6++He collisions indicating that stabilization effects are important for that system. Recent measurements of angular distribution of the K‐Auger electrons are shown to provided evidence for alignment effects in the state attributed to 2l3l ' and 2l4l '.


Based on Kirchoff Theory and First-order Vector Perturbation Theory, the relationship between backscattering polarization structure and incident angle, temperature of surface is discussed, when surface is either very rough or microrough. Based on exiting instrument,a new measurement set is designed, and some data are gotten from it. Some conclusions have referenced value on the research of the laser radar field.


In 1954, the International Federation of Societes d'Aviron (FISA) organized the first European women's rowing championship in Macon, France. Female rowing athletes around the world had actively participated for years, competing not only in local and national competitions, but also in international level. Apart from the historical evidence that women could indeed compete at the international level, the FISA delegation found it more appropriate to limit women's international participation by shortening the distance of women's competitions to half of male athletes and limiting the number and the type of race. Although women's international athletes were limited, the introduction of women's races at European championships created opportunities for female athletes to show their abilities to the public while challenging social and historical discourse about Indonesian women's participation in rowing. Eversince this first race, female athletes and coaches had a desire to achieve gender equality in sports that are usually associated with men and masculinity. In 2003, their efforts culminated with the acceptance of women at European Championships, World Championships, and the Olympics, the change in the distance of women's rowing from 1,000 meters to 2,000 meters, and the introduction of women's lightweight class at World Championships and the Olympics. This study examined the complex negotiations that had taken place since 1986 when Indonesian women's first rowing participated in the 1986 Asian Games until 2018 through collecting data from archival material and in-depth interviews, with current and previous athletes and coaches, to document and to examine the history of Indonesian women's involvement in rowing sports between 1987 and 2018.


The Synthesis distributed operating system combines efficient kernel calls with a high- level, orthogonal interface. The key concept is the use ofa code synthesizer in the kernel to generate specialized (thus short and fast) kernel routines for specifrc situations. We have three methods of synthesizing code: Factoring Invariants to bypass redundant computations; Collapsing Layers to eliminate unnecessary procedure calls and context switches; and Executable Data Structures to shorten data structure traversal time. Applying these methods, the kernel call synthesized to read /dev/mem takes about l5 microseconds on a 6g020 machine. A simple model of computation called a synthetic machine supports parallel and distributed processing. The interface to synthetic machine consists of six operations on four kinds of objects. This combination of a high-level interface with the code synthesizer avoids the traditional trade-off in operating systems between powerful interfaces and efrcient implementations.


This report describes the evaluation of nickel- and iron-aluminide blades for cutting fabric as opposed to conventional steel blades. The aluminides were selected as blade material because of their extremely high work-hardening rate and the possibility of forming aluminum oxide on the surface to further enhance the wear resistance. Unlike steel blades, they do not require heat treating to become strong. A testing facility using an Eastman cutter was designed and built at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for testing of blades. Denim fabric supplied by Levi Strauss was used. For lack of sufficient fabric, heavy paper was also used. Extensive testing revealed that there were several issues in getting the true comparison between various blades. The most important issue was the consistent sharpening of the blade edge. With all of the effort and precautions, identical edges could not be put on the blades of all the different materials. The second issue was the limited availability of fabric to evaluate the end-of-life limit for the blade edges. Two nickel- and three iron-aluminide compositions were evaluated. Under test conditions, the iron-aluminide alloy (PM-60), based on FeAl, was found to outperform other aluminides and the steel blade. Based on the datamore » presented in this report, the authors recommend that additional testing be carried out on both the steel and aluminide blades to determine the number of times each blade can be sharpened prior to its replacement. However, the recommended testing needs to be conducted on blades for which the identical cutting edges and sharpening are incorporated. They further recommend that if the iron-aluminide blade is truly superior, a cost analysis be performed to determine its commercial feasibility. The best aluminide blades should be tested by commercial textile companies.« less