Our understanding of regional underdevelopment in Atlantic Canada has been slow to develop. For more than 50 years we have had extensive documentation of the existence of serious regional inequality in Canada. Attempts to explain the reasons for this have been less common. In the 1920s politicians active in the Maritime Rights movement catalogued the "unfilled promises" and "betrayals" of Confederation and demanded increased federal subsidies as compensation. A less subjective interpretation was proposed by S. A. Saunders, C. R. Fay and Harold Innis, who attributed the region's troubles to the new era of industrialism. For the Maritimes it was "prosperity so long as their face was towards the sea, and . . . struggle against adversity when the pull of the land increased". Like an "economic seismograph", the Maritimes registered the Shockwaves of a "rising tide of continental forces that were destined to dominate the economy of the Maritime Provinces". Recent studies have questioned this approach: an economic historian has challenged the myth of the "Golden Age"; an historical geographer has traced the domination of the region by outside forces during the colonial era; an economist has pointed out that during a decisive period in the 1830s and 1840s local entrepreneurs neglected the region's industrial potential.


It is known that stress corrosion cracking (SCC) found in the operational power plants show complex cracking behaviors and it's resulted in complex crack shape e.g. crack branching and its uneven crack front. For the cracking near the weldment, this is due to crack penetrated along the complex distribution of residual stress and strain hardened area. In this investigation, in order to advance the accuracy for crack growth prediction with considering such complex fields, theoretical formulation for SCC growth was further modified. Hardness of the materials, which is a measureable parameter even in operational power plant, was focused on to reflect strain hardening of the component like heat affected zone of the weldments. The theoretical formulation for SCC growth has terms with yield strength of the material and strain hardening exponent to describe crack tip strain rate. Strain hardening was simulated by cross rolling with the range of 4 – 32% as thickness reduction. Correlation between yield strength, strain hardening exponent at 288°C and Vickers hardness was obtained by means of tensile tests and hardness tests on 316L stainless steel. It was observed that a monotonic increase in Vickers hardness and yield strength with degree of reduction in thickness worked by cross rolling. Relationship between Vickers hardness and yield strength was found to have linear correlation. Further confirmation was made by plotting the reported mechanical properties data in terms of Vickers hardness. In addition, linear relationship was found between yield strength and strain hardening exponent. These relationships were introduced into SCC theoretical formulation and a SCC growth rate prediction curve in terms of Vickers hardness was proposed. SCC crack growth evaluation tests with selected work hardened 316L stainless steel were performed in oxygenated pure water environment at 288°C to confirm the predictability of the formulation. The prediction curve had a good agreement with available literature data as well as obtained crack growth rates in the hardness range of 140–300HV which was likely expected one in weld HAZ.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


As undergraduate student debt continues to mount, there is an active search for alternatives to student loans. As a Wall Street Journal opinion piece noted, the average debt load for students graduating in 2015 was $35,000, the highest debt load per student to date. The problem with an average is that some students will have less debt, but just as many students are carrying even heavier loads. Furthermore, the federal student loans market has created a bubble – investors have begun betting against the market due to its $1.2 trillion in size and about $100 billion of federal student loans being in default, 9 percent of outstanding balance.  Because of the ever-increasing post-graduation debt burden and its rippling repercussions across recent graduates' lives, policymakers and college administrators are on the hunt for new solutions.One of those solutions may be an old idea in new packaging. Specifically, Income Share Agreements, which can look an awful lot like indentured service contracts from hundreds of years ago.


Previously published works prove that evolutionary algorithms outperform the conventional optimization techniques in optimizing the design of water distribution systems. However, due to the high dimensionality (large number of optimization variables) and intensive computation (large number of solution evaluations), it is becoming a challenge to optimize the design of a system e.g. the Battle of the Water Network II (BWN-II), which is required to consider to schedule the pump operation over a long period of 168 hours and also compute water age. In this paper, a high performance optimization tool, based on competent genetic algorithm (GA), is employed for solving the problem. The solution method is formulated to allow optimization runs to be taken in multiple steps with the selected decision variables with the corresponding objective and constraints. The approach enable iterative optimization of parallel pipes, new pipe sizes, tank volumes to be expanded, and pump operation controls under normal operation conditions, and also the number of standby diesel engines to be installed at pump stations for power outage scenarios. With the parallelized competent GA framework, which can be run on single many-core computer and a cluster of many-core computers, the integrated method ensures computation efficiency speedup and achieves the optimized solution of good quality for BWN-II problem.


SUMMARY

1
The form and position of the bracts of various species of Anemone are described, and these are compared with the bracts of Eranthis hyemalis and with the sepals of Ranunculus Ficaria

2
A detailed account is given of the vascular supply of the bracts of species of Anemone and of the part played by the bract bundles on entering the axis.

3
Where no definite involucre is formed (A. japonica), there is little fusion between the bract bundles, and on entering the axis ring, only the midrib forms a main bundle. In species resembling A. nemorosa with a leafy involucre the characteristic features are:– (a) Division of lateral bundles, one half joining the midrib, the other half swinging over to the marginal. (b) Fusion of marginals of adjacent bracts so that in all six large bundles enter the axis. (c) The vascular ring on the axis below the node consists of five large bundles, all of bracteal origin, and of several smaller ones.

Species with an involucre of sessile bracts with reduced lamina and broad base (A. coronaria, A. fulgens) show a tendency to parallel venation, an increase in the number of bract bundles, lack of fusion between lateral and marginal; but the vascular system of the axis is still dominated by that of the involucre.

In A. angulosa and A. Hepatica, where the reduction of the lamina of the involucral leaves results in a calyx-like structure, there is no fusion between marginals of adjacent bracts; the part played by lateral and marginal in A. nemorosa is completely reversed–although the midribs still become main axis strands, the entry of the bract bundles causes relatively little disturbance of the axis ring, and peduncle bundles become main strands, while lateral bundles from the bracts show a tendency to divide.

4
The course of the sepal bundles of Ranunculus Ficaria resembles that of the bract bundles of A. Hepatica very closely; but here all the bundles entering the axis ring play a subsidiary part, and as a rule divide.

5
The vascular supply of the bracts of Eranthis hyemalis resembles that of A. nemorosa in all essentials.

6
The variations in vascular anatomy are considered in relation to the difference in function of the bracts.

7
The significance of the double ring of bundles which occurs in several species of Anemone is discussed; but the evidence obtained in this investigation is regarded as insufficient to be in any way conclusive.

8
The vascular anatomy of the bracts and the bract node of these species of Anemone appears to support the view of the homology of the involucre of A. Hepatica and the calyx of Ranunculus Ficaria.

I wish to express my thanks to Dr. H. S. Holden, who suggested this investigation, and both to him and to Miss Bexon, for their kindly help and oriticism.


The present invention is of the type having a pulley (18) supported by a bearing (16) is an improved locked center idler (10). The bearing is attached to a tension adjusting member (12). It is improved by the tension adjusting member cooperating with double function fastener (24).


The susceptibility of radar search antennas to radio-frequency interference (RFI) is determined to a great extent by the minor lobe structure. The use of detailed, three-dimensional patterns to predict RFI is not practical because the fine structure of the antenna pattern changes with frequency, range in the Fresnel zone, and site effects. Statistical gain studies have shown that the characteristics of individual antennas and the mutual gain characteristics of two Interfering antennas can be described with Gaussian curves. The statistical description Is Independent of in-band frequency variations and range changes (including Fresnel zone), but site effects cause small changes in the median gain.


Combined heavy‐ and light‐load ballistic training is often employed in high‐performance sport to improve athletic performance and is accompanied by adaptations in muscle architecture. However, little is known about how training affects muscle‐tendon unit (MTU) kinematics during the execution of a sport‐specific skill (e.g., jumping), which could improve our understanding of how training improves athletic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate vastus lateralis (VL) MTU kinematics during a countermovement jump (CMJ) following combined ballistic training. Eighteen young, healthy males completed a 10‐week program consisting of weightlifting derivatives, plyometrics, and ballistic tasks under a range of loads. Ultrasonography of VL and force plate measurements during a CMJ were taken at baseline, mid‐test, and post‐test. The training program improved CMJ height by 11 ± 13%. During the CMJ, VL's MTU and series elastic element (SEE) length changes and velocities increased from baseline to post‐test, but VL's fascicle length change and velocity did not significantly change. It is speculated that altered lower limb coordination and increased force output of the lower limb muscles during the CMJ allowed more energy to be stored within VL's SEE. This may have contributed to enhanced VL MTU work during the propulsion phase and an improved CMJ performance following combined ballistic training.


Cable stayed is used to cable suspension,but cable force is calculated by manual,and only for less than 5 segments,and the prescion is poor.This paper puts forward"Zero moment Method",which can not only calculate more segmental soupe force,but both temporary joint and fixed joint during construction.The Mechanical concept is clear,and it is easy for calculating.It is fit for program,and the illustrations prove that the methods are right.


Taking up the task set by George Yancy and as delineated in the title for contributions to this special issue of The Black Scholar necessitates, for me, first setting out important aspects of the historical context of the emergence of the call for, and agendas regarding, the very notion of black philosophy. For at the basis of the call, what had to be foundational to taking up the call, was the resolution of a profound existential challenge, namely, the reworking of the terms, meanings, and significances of one's racialized personal and social identities: What is it to become and be black? This was the self-understanding called for as the basis for praxis in academic philosophy if one were self-consciously black, necessarily so for the work of articulating black philosophy. There is the additional need, then, to sketch out some of the ways in which the very idea of, and efforts to conceptualize, black philosophy brought to the fore a number of very serious epistemological and political challenges. These challenges had to be resolved to bring into clearer conception, and bring into being, within and beyond institutions of higher education, a field of discourse of and for knowledge-production and articulation by black persons that would be of primary service to black peoples while meeting the credible challenges within such institu-


We consider the influence of a rotary brake-stabilizing system (h-s) on flight characteristics of a container. Longitudinal, lateral and side motions of the container body as well as h-s system rotation have been taken into account. Equations of the motion have been determined by the use of Boltzmann-Hamel eąuations for material systems with holonomic constraints. Numerical analysis results that illustrate nature of the changes of the body motion parameters as well as the influence of asymmetric, rotating h-s system on the values of these changes have also been presented.


For ray tracing in 2D complex media,the model parameterization system is proposed to describe the boundaries and the velocity distributions for complicated geological structure precisely. Based upon the characteristics of the velocity distribution within a layer or block,the system can save computational memory and speed up the calculation by local griding method. The ray tracing method not only can deal with the reflection and diving waves but also can calculate the head wave for concerned boundary by weak refraction.


During automated radiofrequency (RF) annotation‐guided pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), respiratory motion adjustment (RMA) is recommended, yet lacks in vivo validation.


KAMINSKY ATTEMPTS TO MODERATE between H Wheeler Robinson's views on corporate personality and those of Robinson's critics, including J R Porter and J W Rogerson Kaminsky maintains that Israelites did indeed have a nuanced understanding of corporate responsibility in matters of purity, holiness, and social morality Some development of individualism occurred in the later biblical tradition, but there was no simple evolution from corporate perceptions to individualism, as Robinson assumed Rather, the later deuteronomic and priestly theologians absorbed the older concepts of corporate responsibility into their theology to undergird their social and purity legislation In particular, both editions of the deuteronomic history evoked the corporate argument to explain the exile Punishment resulted from the actions of kings which affected all Israelites, and from the sms of the people as a whole To strengthen his argument, Kaminsky evaluates several texts in detail In Joshua 7 Aachen's family dies for his sin, not because of a simplistic view of corporate identity but because the family was Aachen's property, polluted by his sin In 2 Samuel 21 1-14 the "miasmic bloodguilt" of the Sauhdes led to their execution by David, who responded to the famine in his role as king and upholder of the covenant The emphasis upon the individual m Jeremiah 31 29 and Ezekiel 18 is not as great as is often assumed, for neither prophet lost the corporate emphasis in other oracles These texts inspired exiles to perceive God differently (not that God had changed) in order to take responsibility for their actions Thus, a complex interaction between corporate and individualistic imagery exists throughout Israel's intellectual Odyssey Our modern prejudice erroneously stresses individualism as an evolutionary advance over corporate perceptions, when in reality both are necessary components in a social worldview In religious discoui se the view of God as merciful to all people, for example, assumes a corporate understanding of divine-human relations


Abstract : Civil War history is usually concerned with the opposing field armies, their leaders, and their victories. Less has been written and discussed about the two navies roles during the War Between the States. The Federal Navy was heavily tasked by and critically important to the Lincoln administrations' war strategy. That strategy, General Winfield Scott's "Anaconda Plan," was energetically executed by the Union Navy and proved to be a significant factor for ultimate Union victory. The Confederate Navy attempted to counter Union strategy by developing two new types of ships (ironclads and blockade runners), as well as producing two new underwater weapons (submarines and mines). Though the new Confederate technologies were no match for the numerical advantage enjoyed by the Union Navy, their role in the Civil War was noteworthy, and they will be seen again in two upcoming world wars. The federal maritime strategy of blockading the southern coastline and seizing control of the Mississippi caused severe military, psychological and economic challenges for the South. Regarding combined Army-Navy operations employed by the North, Vicksburg proved to be a superb example of federal "joint operations" strategy. The Union Navy, which became Mr. Lincoln's "ace-in-the hole," was instrumental in many Union Army victories. It was the superior Civil War naval force and force multiplier which Mr. Lincoln and his strategists came to depend upon and which significantly contributed to preserving the Union.


A computer model of a "sense of humour" is proposed. The humorous effect is interpreted as a specific malfunction in the course of information processing due to the need for the rapid deletion of the false version transmitted into consciousness. The biological function of a sense of humour consists in speeding up the bringing of information into consciousness and in fuller use of the resources of the brain.


This is a comparative study of industrial relations between NTT(1) and the telecommunications side of the P.O.- R.P. Dore(2) made point-by-point comparisons on industrial relations between Japan and Britain taking two private firms, i.e. HITACHI and English Electric and characterises the differences as 'organisation- oriented' Japanese system and 'market-oriented' British system. The aim of this study is to make clear not only the differences between NTT and the P.O. but also the differences between the public and private sectors by fitting NTT and the P.O. onto the scale showing the differences Dore found between HITACHI and English Electric, However it is not possible to give a total picture of industrial relations in NTT and the P.O. as Dore did because this study is concentrated on institutional and material differences. Firstly, the organisation of telecommunications in Japan and Britain is taken up and five important features which will be relevant in the later discussions are extracted. They are (a) scale, (b) monopoly positions (c) technological uniformity and changes, (d) government control and (e) centralisation. Then the industrial relations of NTT and the P.O. are compared on five aspects, i.e. (a) employment system, (b) wages and other conditions of work, (c) union structure and membership, (d) management organisation for industrial relations and (e) collective bargaining structure. In order to show the differences not only between NTT and the P.O. but also between the public and private sectors, a four point spectrum for each of the thirteen most important features on five aspects mentioned above is created and given explanations as follows: (1) Dore contrasted the low mobility of HITACHI workers to the high mobility of English Electric workers. Although the P.O. workers show higher mobility than NTT workers, the turnover rates of NTT and the P.O. workers are lower even than those of HITACHI workers. (2) Dore found that while there is not a clear-cut difference in status between staff and manual workers in HITACHI, there are considerable differences between them in English Electric, However, there is not a clear-cut difference between them in both NTT and the P.O. (5) Dore contrasted systematic recruitment of HITACHI to less systematic recruitment of English Electric. Recruitment of NTT is more formal and systematic than that of HITACHI but that of the P.O. is, like English Electric, less systematic than that of the Japanese firms. (4) Dore found that while HITACHI provides to its employees continuous in-service training at its own vocational training schools, English Electric does not. However, both NTT and the P.O. provide more continuous in-service training at their own vocational training schools. (5) According to Dore main factors in determining wages of HITACHI is the comparability with other firms in the same business but those of English Electric are the same as market rules" However, both NTT and the P.O. attach great importance to comparability with the private sector, although the latter takes some market factors into account. (6) .Dore found that while principles governing the distribution of wage/salary bill in HITACHI have no relation to market situations, wages and salary are distributed on differentials in English Electric. Those of NTT is more J3.panese like than those of HITACHI excluding sex and merit and those of the P.O. move to some extent towards Japanese ones because of the incremental scales. (7) Dore contrasted indirect and multiform monetary incentives to indirect ones of English Electric under piecerate system. However, monetary incentives in both NTT and the P.O. are only through promotion. (8) Dore found that while HITACHI provides to its employees all-embracing welfare services, English Electric does not. Welfare services offered by NTT are better than those of HITACHI but the only significant welfare service of the P.O. is pensions. (9) Dore found that while HITACHI Union is an 'enterprise' union, there are several fragmented unions in English Electric which have members beyond the boundary of the firms. NTT union is also an enterprise union. Although there are several unions according to job grades in the P.O., most of them are organised within the P.O.


In pervasive computing environments, wide deployment of sensor devices has generated an unprecedented volume of atomic events. However, most applications such as healthcare, surveillance and facility management, as well as environmental monitoring require such events to be filtered and correlated for complex event detection. Therefore how to extract interesting, useful and complex events from low-level atomic events is becoming more and more important in daily life. Due to the increasing importance of complex event detection, this paper proposes a framework of Complex Event Detection and Operation (CEDO) in pervasive computing. It gives an event model and extends current detection by incorporating temporal and spatial settings of events and different levels of granularity for event representation. We first show research issues, related works, and main research problems in this area. Then our current research works and the preliminary results are introduced. Finally, the research plan of my PhD project is presented for discussion.


To meet the ever-increasing demands of high resolution and versatility of microprocessing technology, diffractive optical elements (DOEs) are used to get the desired focal pattern [1]. The simplest phase DOE is a diffractive lens (DL). The focal length of a DL is given by f=fo λo/λ being fo the focal length for the central wavelength of the laser λo. Within the paraxial approximation, the focal irradiance distribution of a long pulse focused by a refractive lens (RL) or a DL of the same numerical aperture (NA) and focal length is expected to show similar behavior [2]. However, for sub 100 fs pulses, important differences appear owing to the large spectral bandwidth of ultrashort pulsed radiation [3]. Recently, measurements of the intensity ablation threshold by defocusing a RL have been carried out for 100 fs pulses [4]. In this contribution, we compare the ablation region obtained under defocusing conditions for both RL and DL with sub 100 fs pulses.


The volume comprises a selection of contributions to the international conference Choice and Difference in Translation (Athens 2003, Factulty of English Studies, University of Athens). It tackles intercultural transfer situations between various languages in a variety of genres (Internet-related, politically relevant, film and literary discourses) and reveals the shaping force of translation on socio-cultural structures. The contributions foreground intercultural transfer situations in which translation has an innovative potential and situations in which the filtering effect of translation mediation has a displacing potential on local identities.


Temperatvre dependence of the surface potential (total bending of bands) in Si(111) surfaces ( n - and p -type bulk) deposited with a silicon dioxide and a silicon nitride was obtained by measuring the saturation value of surface photovoltage, in the range between 150 and 600°K. Substantially similar results were obtained for both the surfaces. Bands always bend upward in n - and downward in p -type Si. In Si crystals with relatively high impurity concentrations, the bending of bands was founds to decrease linearly with elevating temperature and in Si with relatively low impurity concentrations, the bending of bands also decreases linearly with temperature but levels off, tending to the flat bands. These results are well explained by assuming that there is a surface state band of a hyperbolic cosine from having a neutral point around the gap center and the Fermi level at the Si surfaces in nearly stabilized in a wide range of temperature. Total number of surface states estimated from the above distributio...


Editors of technical journals are usually in a favorable position to note the developments and trends in their field, and to comment analytically and constructively on these trends. Accordingly guest editorials from such editors have been invited. There follows such a presentation from the managing editor of both the Wireless World and the Wireless Engineer, who is also a Member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE England) and a Senior Member of The Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE). It is noted that whilst rivalry between journals of the technical press is essential it would be an unhealthy attitude to encourage as between the press and the professional institutions. These two should be complementary one to the other. The press should persistently aim to maintain and enhance the standing of the professional institution of its industry. The professional institution should guard against usurping the proper functions of the press. There should be little overlapping in the character of matter published by both but each should know his own sphere. The time has come, I believe, when the professional institutions of the radio industry and of its technical and trade press should come together to promote the best interests of both parties and seek to define their respective activities whenever overlapping or rivalry may arise.


In this contribution I exemplarily analyse two different ways of looking at the same environment, that is, the Etosha National Park in north-central Namibia. I portray the view of the western tourists visiting the area and on the other hand the perspective of the Hai||om, a San group which up to the 1950s resided within the park area and lived predominantly from hunting and gathering. It is argued that the perspectives – the spectator's view and, following Ingold's terminology (Ingold, 2000 , p. 189), the 'dweller's perspective' – are influenced by long-established cultural concepts and by the mode in which space is experienced and engaged. Both factors, the conceptualisation of and the engagement with space, are closely intertwined and have to be contextualised politically and historically in order to arrive at meaningful explanations of landscape visions and comprehension. The tourists' view is shaped by the Western aesthetical perspective of landscapes and a broad idea of how African sceneries should look. The tourists are located outside of the environment and visual features dominate their experience. The angle of the Hai||om is one from within and is affected by their active engagement with the land. For the Hai||om the Etosha


chapter, like the others, provides a rather general overview of the topic rather than a complete and exhaustive analysis of each subject area. Thus, this book best serves as a very solid reference for those who need a quick read on North Korea. It is less satisfying to readers who already have a good grasp of this subject and are in search of a much more detailed analysis. Nevertheless, the research is thorough and the references are helpful for pursing further independent research. One annoyance is the format of the footnotes, which are placed at the end of the book instead of at the bottom of each page or at the end of each chapter, but the authors are hardly responsible for a format chosen by the publisher. Ultimately, this book's greatest contribution is in its unique approach to a difficult and challenging topic, and it is most useful to the new student of North Korea. Unfortunately, it leaves the more knowledgeable reader wishing for greater detail. Nevertheless, this is an important addition to the existing literature on perhaps one of the most enigmatic societies on earth. • Balbina 1': Hwang, Department of Government Georgetown University


Shoulder and perinephric fat samples were obtained from 14 horses in October after the horses had been on pasture. Average shoulder fat composition (weight % fatty acids) was C14:0, 4.5; 16:0, 29.5; 16:1, 8.4; 17:0, 0.3; 17:1, 0.4; 18:0, 4.3; 18:1, 36.0; 18:2, 6.4; 18:3, 10.1; and 20:1, 0.1. Perinephric fat was similar in composition, but contained 41.7 ± 2.7% saturated fatty acids (C14:0, 16:0, 17:0 and 18:0) compared with 38.6 ± 3.1% saturated fatty acids for shoulder fat. The analyses indicated the unique composition of horse fat which contains very high levels of C18:3 and low levels of C18:0. Horses fed on pasture appear to have body fat composition similar to a monogastric, but modified by the high C18:3 present in forages. If saturation of fatty acids, similar to that occurring in ruminants, takes place in the cecum of the horse, such fatty acids are apparently absorbed in relatively small amounts.


Exploitation of mineral resources is one of the sources of state income, which amounted to Rp. 2.4 trillion in 1999. Income from mining activities contributed 5% to Indonesia's total export and 2.8% of the GDP (Price Waterhouse Coopers 2001). In the current crisis, the government is giving more incentives to mining companies in order to increase the state income. However, mining is an extractive activity that frequently has negative impacts on the environment and its biodiversity, particularly if conducted in protected and conservation areas. Mining area in Indonesia is 84,038,415 hectares (Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources 2000), about 11,038,415 hectares of which are located in the protected and conservation areas (FWI and KEHATI 2000). Other sources reported that the MEMR had given permit to 22 mining companies to operate forest areas amounting to 11,441,852 hectares in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku and Papua (Sinar Harapan 2002). On the one hand, through government regulation No. 28/1985 on Forest Protection and Presidential Decree No. 32/1990 on the Management of Protected Areas, the government prohibits cultivation and exploitation activities within protected areas. But according to a joint decree between the Minister of Mining and the Forestry Minister No. 969 K/08/MPE/1989 on Guidelines for Mining and Energy Activities in Forest Areas states that mining activities may be conducted in Nature Reserves and even in areas to be designated for national park. This joint decree is still effective now. It clearly shows there is dualism of government policies. On the one hand the government develops a policy to designate certain areas for conservation purposes. On the other hand, it provides an opportunity to exploit conservation area for commercial purposes. Furthermore, Acts No. 5/1990 (KSHDE) clearly prohibits cultivation (production) activities within nature reserves and national park areas as these will transform ecosystem integrity. This law should be treated as the highest in the legal hierarchy to be complied with (Sembiring 1998). Act No.41/1999 on Forestry also has firm provisions Box 4.7


We conjecture exact and simple formulas for some physical quantities in two quantum chains. A classic result of this type is Onsager, Kaufman and Yang's formula for the spontaneous magnetization in the Ising model, subsequently generalized to the chiral Potts models. We conjecture that analogous results occur in the XYZ chain when the couplings obey JxJy + JyJz + JxJz = 0, and in a related fermion chain with strong interactions and supersymmetry. We find exact formulas for the magnetization and gap in the former, and the staggered density in the latter, by exploiting the fact that certain quantities are independent of finite-size effects.


Abstract Many undergraduate geography courses lack field exercises. Applying scientific principles to field problems is paramount to understanding physical phenomena such as groundwater. However, undergraduate physical geography courses do not routinely use groundwater field stations. To facilitate field-based exercises, I implemented a low-cost well field for a hydrogeology course at the University of North Texas. Students use the station to collect and interpret data from wells. They study spatial hydraulic head measurements to comprehend groundwater flow, a physical process that operates near the Earth's surface. Hands-on activities help students understand how to construct and use wells. The field module is a valuable addition to the course and is an effective way to meld groundwater theory and practice.


Preface U.M. Franklin. Introduction G. Hanna. Part One: General Issues. Mathematics, Gender, and Research E. Fennema. Gender and Mathematics: Mythology and Misogyny M. Gray. Gender Equity: A Reappraisal G.C. Leder. Symbolic Interactionism and Ethnomethodology as a Theoretical Framework for the Research on Gender and Mathematics H. Jungwirth. Curriculum and Assessment: Hitting Girls Twice S.D. Forbes. Mathematics and Gender: Some Cross-Cultural Observations A. Hibner Koblitz. Part Two: Cross-Cultural Perspectives. Women's Participation in Mathematics Education in Sweden B. Grevholm. Gender and Mathematics Education in Norway K. Hag. Gender and Mathematics Education in Denmark B. Branner, et al. Gender and Mathematics Education in Finland L.M. Finne. Gender and Mathematics Education: A German View C. Niederdrenk-Felgner. Is Gender a Relevant Variable for Mathematics Education? The French Case. J. Adda. Women's Know-How and Authority: Italian Women and Mathematics R.M. Spitaleri. Gender and Mathematics in England and Wales T. Smart. Gender and Mathematics in the Context of Australian Education J.M. Gaffney, J. Gill. Mathematics, Women, and Education in New Zealand M. Clark. Gender and Mathematics Education: A Snapshot of China Rui Fen Tang, et al. Gender and Mathematics in Mexico C. Bosch, M. Trigueros. Female Participation in the Study of Mathematics: The US Situation S.F. Chipman. Index.


age in normal eyes and is reduced )to nothing in glaucoma, before the tension rises. The effect on the tension in the capillaries, in case of a normal tension, will thus be more or less subdued. In case of an increased tension, however, it will appear distinctly. Consequently, there must be two pathogenetically different forms of increase in tension (Duke-Elder is of the same opinion). We shall now try to elucidate under which circumstances either of these two forms of increase in tension makes itself felt: In order to facilitate the general view the following division has been made:


The influence on motoric skills of surgical treatment of scoliosis in 14 children with myelomeningocele was studied. Fifty percent of the children had increased flexion contractures of the hips at follow‐up, and all but one patient had impaired motor ability. There was no influence on activities of daily life, but 57% of children had lost some of their ambulation capacity. Postoperative physiotherapy is highly advisable. Intensive attempts to treat these children conservatively to prevent scoliosis progression is suggested.


Corresponding Author: Julien Gnonlonfoun Adounkpe Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey Calavi, Benin Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract: This study focuses on the spatio-temporal assessment of mercury pollution of the sedimentary environment of Lake Ahémé in southwestern Benin Republic. Sediment samples were taken from 32 sites in July 2018 and then in December 2019, covering the two major climatic seasons of the southern area of the country. Sampling was done according to a grid design of the entire area of the ecosystem. The surface sediment samples were collected at a depth between 0 and 5 cm in three takes at each site with a Van Veen grab. Samples were frozen, lyophilized at -40°C, crushed, sieved and homogenized. The fraction less than 63 μm in size was collected for the mercury determination by a Direct Mercury Analyser (DMA) operating by atomic absorption according to the US EPA 7473 method. The results obtained reveal that, in 2018, mercury is more concentrated in the northern and central part of the lake varying from 109 μg/Kg (center) to 132 μg/Kg (north) while in 2019, the central and southern zones of the lake were more concentrated in mercury, with 162 and 87 μg/Kg respectively. However, the values of the geo-cumulation index Igéo varies from 0 to 1, showing that Lake Ahémé is slightly polluted at these sites.


Abstract : The Philippine government may use two methods to procure defense articles from the United States, either Foreign Military Sales (FMS) or Direct Commercial Sales (DCS). This thesis examined the differences between FMS and DCS as methods of procurement used by the Philippine government in the acquisition of U.S. defense articles. The study identified the processes involved in using each of the two methods as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each when used within the socioeconomic and political environment of the Philippines. Issues and considerations that influence selection decision are also discussed. DCS may offer the lowest fixed price, timely/earlier delivery, easier countertrade arrangements, and penalty for non-compliance to the provisions of the contract. FMS is preferable because it is a government-to-government sale, provides opportunities for Philippine military training in the United States and enhances interoperability among coalition forces. In addition, FMS allows for financing of defense articles from the U.S. using Foreign Military Financing, thus conserving Philippine government funds.


Aim : To study the clinical changes of sIL-2R, TNF, and lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood for patients with colorectal cancer and the immunoregulation of cimetidine. Methods: A total of 40 patients were randomly allocated into two groups (cimetidine group, n =20,and control group, n =20) ,and 30 healthy subjects served as normal control. In cimetidine group, cimetidine was injected intravenously with a dose of 800 mg once per day for one week postoperatively, then 400 mg 3 times per day,orally. Blood samples were taken from peripheral vein before operation, and 7,14,and 21 days after operation. T lymphocyte subsets, serum sIL-2R,and TNF were detected by APAAP and ELISA. Results: The number of CD3+ and CD4+ positive cells and CD4 + /CD8+ rate were(57 ±5)% ,(34±4)% ,and (1.0±0.3) respectively in patients with colorectal cancer which were significantly lower than those in control group ( (63±5)% ,(40±3)% , and (1.4±0.2) ,P0.01) ; the number of CD8+ positive cells and the level of sIL-2R and TNF((33± 4) % , (616 ± 124) mg · L-1 , (242 ±46) ng · L-1 ) were significantly higher than those in control group ((28±3)%,( 262 ± 65 ) mg · L-1 , and ( 91 ±8)ng · L-1 ,P 0.01). The operation may aggravate the drop of the number of CD3+ and CD4+ positive cells and CD4+/CD8+ rate,and the raise of the content of CD8+ ,and these changes were convertible, but the drop of sIL-2R and TNF level were unconvertible. Cimetidine may accelerate the improvement of T lymphocyte subsets,sIL-2R,and TNF. Con-Clusion : There is limited immune function in the patients with colorectal cancer. Surgical trauma can aggravate the immune balance of the patients with colorectal cancer. Cimetidine may enhance the immune function of patients, and could be used as an adjunct in the treatment of colorectal cancer.


With the advancement in the Mobile Agent Technology, the use of Mobile Agents has extended to a lot of applications, where a coordinated approach is required to achieve certain tasks. In a co-ordinated approach, the roles that are being held by a Mobile Agent play a vital role. There are chances that a mobile agent fails while performing an operation inside a system, due to various factors. The system must be tolerant enough to encounter such situations. This paper introduces a special category of Mobile Agent named Adaptive Mobile Agent, which is designed to accept additional roles, while working inside an environment. This paper also introduces the eXtended Volunteer Algorithm, which performs role assignment in an efficient manner, reducing the overload due to additional roleassignment. This helps the agent to accept roles under dynamic conditions, based on the rules in the agent environment which would help to achieve a fault-tolerant system. The experimental results obtained with the usage of eXtended Volunteer Algorithm over the Adaptive Mobile Agents prove to be more efficient in fault-tolerance.


Inductive loop wire sensors embedded in the roadway surface are devices that indicate the presence or passage of vehicles and provide information that supports traffic management applications such as signal control. Malfunctioning in-roadway loop sensors can prevent traffic signals from sensing the presence of vehicles, a problem that can be particularly frustrating and dangerous for smaller vehicles, such as motorcycles and bicycles. To address sensor malfunction, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in 2006 initiated a Small Business Innovation Research project, "Step-Frequency (SF) Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) for Location and Evaluation of In-Roadway Sensors." This article describes this project, which was initiated to develop a nondestructive evaluation method employing GPR for detecting and assessing in-roadway inductive loop sensors. FHWA defined four objectives for the GPR detection of traffic sensor wires: (1) locate a loop wire sensor with a new SF GPR technique; (2) perform testing to determine whether the loop is functional; (3) scan the details of a sensor using GPR and classify the record based on the results of the previous step; and (4) perform detailed analysis of GPR data to assess the condition of a sensor, with the goal of detecting the causes of malfunction. Researchers developed and tested two complementary technologies: a passive probe sensor and a SF GPR-based method for data collection and analysis imaging. The passive probe successfully determines whether the loop is functioning and, if functioning, shows its location through a plot of its signal strength. The SF GPR method then images the loop wire in the pavement to evaluate potential cracks, defects, or deterioration in the wire or adjoining pavement. Although the loop wire imaging method developed and implemented in the FHWA study currently meets basic detection needs for many loop wire evaluation applications, improvements to the hardware and complementary software should lead to a commercially viable, high resolution product.


The Mixed Reality (MR) technology can be used to create unique collaborative experiences. In this paper, we propose a new remote collaboration platform using MR and eye-tracking that enables a remote helper to assist a local worker in an assembly task. We present results from research exploring the effect of sharing virtual gaze and annotations cues in an MR-based projector interface for remote collaboration. The key advantage compared to other remote collaborative MR interfaces is that it projects the remote expert's eye gaze into the real worksite to improve co-presence. The prototype system was evaluated with a pilot study comparing two conditions: POINTER and ET (eye-tracker cues). We observed that the task completion performance was better in the ET condition. And that sharing gaze significantly improved the awareness of each other's focus and co-presence.


Security is the primary issue nowadays because cybercrimes are increasing. The organizations can store and maintain their data on their own, but it is not cost effective, so for convenience they are choosing cloud. Due to its popularity, the healthcare organizations are storing their sensitive data to cloud-based storage systems, that is, electronic health records (EHR). One of the most feasible methods for maintaining privacy is homomorphism encryption (HE). HE can combine different services without losing security or displaying sensitive data. HE is nothing but computations performed on encrypted data. According to the type of operations and limited number of operations performed on encrypted data, it is categorized into three types: partially homomorphic encryption (PHE), somewhat homomorphic encryption (SWHE), fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). HE method is very suitable for the EHR, which requires data privacy and security.


Objective To explore the expression of TFF3 and the protective role of Teprenone and Rabeprazole in rats with acute gastric mucosal lesion. Method Forty wistar male rats were randomly assigned into normal control group,model group,teprenone group,rabeprazole group and teprenone / rabeprazole group,with 8 rats in each group. Acute gastric mucosal lesion model was induced by absolute ethylalcohol. Gastric tissue pathological changes were performed by hematoxylineosin staining,and gastric ulcer index was evaluated. Expression of TFF3 in gastric mucosa was detected by immune histochemical method. Results( 1) UI of drug treatment groups was significantly lower than that of model group( P 0. 01); UI of combination group was lower than that of teprenone group( P 0.05); UI of combination group was lower than that of rabeprazole group( P 0. 01).( 2) Hematoxylineosin staining results were as follows: Compared with control group,epithelial cells were deficient on gastric mucosa surface in model group,with a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration as well as muscularis and serosa destroyed; By comparison with model group,in rabeprazole group,teprenone group and rabeprazole / teprenone group deficiency of epithelial cells of gastric mucosa surface was less,mucous glands reappeared,and serous membrane structure was relatively complete with less inflammatory cells and exudate.( 3) Immunohistochemical results were as follows: Expression of TFF3 positive cells in model group and drug intervention group was significantly increased,which was significantly higher than that in normal control group( P 0. 05). Conclusion Rabeprazole and teprenone may protect gastric mucosa tissues by raising TFF3 expression,promote the healing of gastric mucosa and alleviate the acute gastric mucosa injury in rats.


Marine sponges, the sessile invertebrates of the Phylum porifera are invaluable tool in current research. They remain as a goldmine to chemist and pharmacologist due to its defensive weapons, the secondary metabolites. Endogenous peptides from marine sponges and associated microorganisms are promising lead compound for drug development. Some of the compounds are under clinical trials. These peptides can act against variety of diseases in humans including bacterial, fungal, protozoan, HIV, inflammatory and even tumor. This review focuses on sponge symbiotic association with other organisms, significance of peptides as secondary metabolites and its pharmacological effects by highlighting its role as antbacterial, antifungal, antiHIV and antitumor agents. Sponge-microbial associations are found to be very specific in the production of particular bioactive compounds.


The process of learning and mastering the match strategy is one of the most difficult table tennis skills for the juniors, as this skill requires the player ability to focus to discover his opponent strengths and weaknesses. In addition to this skill requires a great deal of experience to realize what strategies work against various styles. These things may be difficult for the junior stage, especially if there was a shortage in the level of their performance for some strokes. (11 : 144)


The main objective of this study was to estimate genetic and environmental correlations between Age at First Calving and various production traits in Gir cattle. The production traits studied were: Standard Lactation Milk Yield, Peak Milk Yield, Lactation Length and Dry Period. The production records on 345 Gir cows with 1257 lactations sired by 52 bulls, maintained at Cattle Breeding Farm, Junagadh, Gujarat, over 24 years (1987–2010) were studied. The analysis revealed positive environmental correlation of Age at First Calving with Lactation Length (0.224 ± 0.234) and Dry Period (0.039 ± 0.195), while negative environmental correlation of Age at First Calving with Standard Lactation Milk Yield (-0.194 ± 0.178) and Peak Milk Yield (-0.070 ± 0.200). Genetic correlation of Age at First Calving with Standard Lactation Milk Yield (0.006 ± 0.178), Peak Milk Yield (0.069 ± 0.200), Lactation Length (0.752 ± 0.234) and Dry Period (0.058 ± 0.195) were found during this study, in which genetic correlation between Age at First Calving and Lactation Length was found highly significant. These indicated that selection for Age at First Calving would not reflect upon Standard Lactation Milk Yield and Peak Milk Yield.


Solving the shielding factor of the grounding metal mesh to the electric field near the high-voltage transmission line can provide an important reference for the location selection and structure design of the grounding metal mesh. In this paper, the Iterative Charge Simulation Method is proposed to solve the shielding factor of metal mesh. Based on the Gauss Seidel iterative method, the solution procedure is constructed according to the different coupling relationship and coupling degree between physical quantities. Compared with the traditional Charge Simulation Method: 1. Each calculation only stores the self-potential-coefficient-matrix of transmission line units and metal network units, which means the storage of factor matrix is reduced from $\mathrm{O}((\mathrm{M}+\mathrm{N})^{2})$ to $\mathrm{O}(\mathrm{M}^{2}+\mathrm{N}^{2})$; 2. Since the coupling relationship of the transmission line units and the metal mesh units does not change with their relative positions, for the same metal mesh with different erection positions, it is only necessary to recalculate the mutual potential factor matrix between the transmission line units and the metal mesh units, which means calculation amount is reduced by $(\mathrm{M}^{2}+\mathrm{N}^{2}) /(\mathrm{M}+\mathrm{N})^{2}$; Numerical examples verify the correctness, accuracy and superiority of the proposed method.


The dependence of the impulse breakdown strength of a liquid dielectric on the natural oxide layer on the electrodes used for the test is considered. It is shown that an electric field may exist in the oxide layer owing to the chemisorption of oxygen, and that this would be expected to reduce the probability of electron emission from the cathode and thus increase the recorded breakdown strength. Results are given of experiments on the breakdown of pretreated transformer oil using stainless steel, brass, and aluminium electrodes which support this conclusion.


.................................................................................................................... xvi CHAPTER 1:  INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 1 1.1. Significance of Research and Motivation ................................................................ 1 1.2. Research Objectives ................................................................................................. 2 1.3. Organization of Thesis ............................................................................................. 2 CHAPTER 2:  REVIEW OF CURRENT LITERATURE ............................................ 4 2.1. Brassica carinata ..................................................................................................... 4 2.2. Conversion of Biomass into Value-Added Products and Fuels ............................... 7 2.3. Pyrolysis and Bio-Oil Production .......................................................................... 10 2.4. Characterizing Bio-Oils ......................................................................................... 12 2.5. Trends on Bio-Oils Produced from Feedstocks ..................................................... 12 2.6. Catalyst .................................................................................................................. 16 2.7. Auger Reactor Types ............................................................................................. 17 2.7.1. Fluidized bed reactor ....................................................................................... 17 2.7.2. Auger reactor .................................................................................................. 18


Abstract Iwasawa's classical asymptotical formula relates the orders of the $p$ -parts ${{X}_{n}}$ of the ideal class groups along a ${{\mathbb{Z}}_{p}}$ -extension ${{F}_{\infty }}/F$ of a number field $F$ to Iwasawa structural invariants $\lambda $ and $\mu $ attached to the inverse limit ${{X}_{\infty }}=\underleftarrow{\lim }\,{{X}_{n}}$ . It relies on "good" descent properties satisfied by ${{X}_{n}}$ . If $F$ is abelian and ${{F}_{\infty }}$ is cyclotomic, it is known that the $p$ -parts of the orders of the global units modulo circular units ${{U}_{n}}/{{C}_{n}}$ are asymptotically equivalent to the $p$ -parts of the ideal class numbers. This suggests that these quotients ${{U}_{n}}/{{C}_{n}}$ , so to speak unit class groups, also satisfy good descent properties. We show this directly, i.e., without using Iwasawa's Main Conjecture.


Micro film, also known as micro film, refers to a video short film with complete story and relatively small production cycle and investment scale. It is spread on the network platform, about 30–60 minutes. The content of micro films can be made into films independently or produced in series. Due to the "micro" characteristics of micro film, its physical space-time is absolutely limited, so the whole film must be compact in space-time. At the same time, the film nature of micro film requires it to have a complete film pattern. It can be seen that there is a contradiction between the physical space-time of micro film and the film pattern. It should not only meet the requirements of "micro", but also bring the audience visual and auditory appeal in the short film. In order to create a good micro film, it must be closely connected with the post-modern screenwriter creation, and create a huge space-time in the screenwriter for the use of micro film. Based on this back-ground, this paper studies the space-time design of micro film and the creation of postmodern screenwriters, hoping to provide theoretical reference for relevant staff.


Methodology.- Theories of programming: Top-Down and Bottom-up and Neeting in the Middle.- A Triptych Software Development Paradigm: Domain, Requirements and Software Towards a Nodel Development of a Decision Support System for Sustainable Development.- A Triptych Software Development Paradigm: Domain, Requirements and Software Towards a Nodel Development of a Decision Support System for Sustainable Development.- Real-Time Constraints Through the ProCoS Layers.- Real-Time Constraints Through the ProCoS Layers.- Monotonicity in Calculational Proofs.- Monotonicity in Calculational Proofs.- Programming.- The Alma Project, or How First-Order Logic Can Help us in Imperative Programming.- Type and Effect Systems.- Automation.- Proving Theorems About Java-Like Byte Code.- Multiple State and Single State Tableaux for Combining Local and Global Nodel Checking.- On the Existence of Network Invariants for Verifying Parameterized Systems.- Compilation.- Verification of Compilers.- Translation Validation: From SIGNAL to C.- Compilation and Synthesis for Real-Time Embedded Controllers.- Optimization Under the Perspective of Soundness, Completeness, and Reusability.- Application.- Verification of Automotive Control Units.- Correct Real-Time Software for Programmable Logic Controllers.- Formal Methods for the International Space Station ISS.- METAFrame in Practice: Design of Intelligent Network Services.


The effects of synthesis time and the number of synthesis layers were investigated on the synthesis of Na-X zeolite sublayer for fabricating a PEBA/Na-X hybrid membrane. The CO 2 /N 2 separation was considered as the objective function to obtain an effective Na-X sublayer. SEM and AFM studies of the synthesized sublayers reveal that 6 hour synthesis time and one synthesis layer give an Na-X sublayer (ZSL6-1) with sub-micron thickness (< 1µm), and roughness of 13 nm. The N 2 permeation ( 11900 GPU) shows the low mass transfer resistance through the ZSL6-1 sublayer. The ZSL6-1 sublayer in the hybrid structure of the membrane leads to the high stability of the multilayer structure via the anchoring effect of the polymer. Hydroxyl groups, along with positive and negative charges on the surface of the Na-X sublayer, cause to strong bonding of the polymer layer and prevent its delamination. The surface coverage of the sublayer by polymer has increased the mass transfer resistance just for N 2 and increase the perm-selectivity. These properties, along with the high affinity of the Na-X to the adsorption of CO 2 , results in a 56% increase in the perm-selectivity of CO 2 /N 2 ( ~ 70 ) compared to net PEBA ( ~ 40-50 ) and the recently reported hybrid membranes.


e18896Background: Defining value in healthcare if difficult because value is dependent on outcomes and results. The costs of providing care that leads to superior outcomes are often not factored in the value proposition. Porter states "measuring the total costs of care over a patients care cycle and weighing them against outcomes..."helps define the value proposition. We sought to determine value based on incremental costs associated with FDA approved supplemental drugs. Methods: We reviewed ten published randomized trials involving bevacizumab (3 studies), rituximab (2 studies), adjuvant trastuzumab (2 studies), adjuvant neratinib, sunitinib, and durvalumab ( 1 study each). We determined incremental costs based on 2017 pricing in US dollars. The formula we used is: Incremental per patient costs x the number of patients treated/ the absolute number of patients deriving benefit or the percentage of patients deriving benefit based on these randomized trials. Results: Disease Drug Annual Incremental Costs Co...


Introduction: the Integrated Care and Discharge Support (ICDS) Programme was introduced in January 2011, targeting older patients discharged from acute medical wards in a major teaching hospital in the north-eastern part of Hong Kong. The catchment area has a population 0.7 million, of which 11% or 77,000 are aged over 65 years. A statistical model that predicts the early (28-day) unplanned readmission rate in older patients is applied daily to all acute medical admissions. Those predicted to have > 20% chance of readmission will be assessed by a Link Nurse who will formulate discharge plans and assign services accordingly to individual patients' needs. These include case management, community nursing, home and personal care provided by social services and rehabilitation at the Geriatric Day Hospital. The above services are not mutually exclusive, and patients will spend on average 8 weeks in the ICDS programme. Patients with a moderate predicted risk of readmission of 30 to 40% will be offered 8 one-hour home visits by a Case Manager, who will provide comprehensive assessment, education focusing on chronic disease management and carer training. Objective: A pilot study was conducted to examine the use of iPad in the ICDS in 2 of the major components of the programme: discharge planning and case management. Assessment items were standardized and patient recruitment and follow-up attendances were recorded in an electronic health record. For the case managers, additional education material focusing on chronic disease management was loaded on to the iPads. Methodology: iPads were issued to the Link Nurses and Case Managers with preloaded electronic health records (e-forms) specially designed for the ICDS programme. The Link Nurse was responsible for opening newly recruited case files and conducting a comprehensive needs assessment. Case Managers documented home visits using templates designed for generic use


1. Specific vaccinia haemagglutinin has been identified in vaccinia materials derived from chick embryo, rabbit skin, rabbit testis and sheep skin. 2. The haemagglutinin is distinct from, and apparently unassociated with, the elementary bodies. 3. Centrifugation studies indicate that the haemagglutinin activity is associated with particles of the order of 65 μ in diameter and having an approximate density value of 1·;1. 4. Vaccinia haemagglutinin retains its haemagglutinating activity after boiling for 10 min. It is stable within the pH range 5·92–9·79. 5. The behaviour of vaccinia haemagglutinin to various chemical procedures and an attempt at its purification are described.


This article uses the exploratory spatial data analysis method,constructs the spatial lag and spatial error model of city panel data to examine the effect of producer services agglomeration on new urbanization.The empirical analysis shows that the producer services industry clustering and new urbanization autocorrelation phenomenon exists in the space,and has formed the high value of the eastern coastal city agglomeration area and the western city of low concentration area;New urbanization level in China are spatial dependent,and producer services industry agglomeration level has a significant role in promoting the new urbanization level.People's income also has a positive effect on the level,the significant effect of urban economic development has become insignificant,but the government policy support and foreign direct investment are having increasingly more significant influence on the new urbanization.The results can be used to effectively promote the urbanization process to provide new insight into new urbanization.


During his sojourn among the Feejee Islands, the author devoted much time to the anatomical investigation of recent Gasteropoda, with the view of discovering such indications of affinity in the details of structure as might serve as a basis for a natural arrangement of the order; and the present paper is designed to give a statement of some of the results of his researches, in order that the affinities of structure developed may be fairly examined and taken for what they are worth as principles of classification. After pointing out objections to the foundation of primary divisions among the Gasteropoda on characters derived from the shell or from modifications of the respiratory organs, the author observes in respect of the value of sexual characters, that when the distinguishing features of a class are once satisfactorily determined, and this contains forms in which the sexes are either separate, or combined in the individuals, no other characters can be of greater importance in establishing primary divisions. As a means of further subdivision according to natural affinities, he suggests distinctive characters derivable from the auditory sacs and concretions, and from the oral, lingual and gastric dental organs.


In most surveys, inference for domains poses a difficult problem because of data shortage. This paper presents a probability sampling theory approach to some common types of statistical analysis for domains of a surveyed population. Simple and multiple regression analysis, and analysis of ratios are considered. Two new methods are constructed and explored which can improve substantially over the common method based on sample-weighted sums of squares and products. These new methods use auxiliary variables whose importance depends on the extent to which they succeed in explaining certain patterns in the regression residuals. The theoretical conclusions are supported by empirical results from Monte Carlo experiments.


understand the global circulation of ideas. Ponzini introduces us to, among others, the UAE-based Emaar Properties and Broadway Malyan, the UK-based design firm that has morphed into a global enterprise, with offices in 10 international cities, including Sao Paulo, Mumbai, and Baku. He reconstructs the movement of narratives, plans, and capital between, among other connections, Abu Dhabi and Astana, Vancouver and Dubai, and Singapore and Chongqing. Many of the case studies are familiar, but even when it comes to much-covered territory, such as with the Guggenheim Museums or New York City's High Line, Ponzini's rich descriptions of the processes of exchange are welcome additions to conversations often easily reduced to ideological positioning or esthetic complaints. "Spectacularizaion is not the simple urban manifestation of a new and extreme age of global capitalism," he writes, "but it is, more concretely, produced by specific actors according to local goals of globalization and diverse ways of accomplishing them, in Dubai and elsewhere" (p. 140). One of Ponzini's rewarding methods is to compare how building plans "transferred" from city to city—such as between the Torre Agbar in Barcelona and the Burj Doha in the UAE—and in doing so he highlights the effects of politics, developers, and local context. It is surprising how difficult such knowledge is to come by, but an understanding of the processes of exchange and avenues of influence between the local and global is not merely an academic exercise. To know how narratives, plans, and ideas travel is, Ponzini argues, to be able to produce better projects and even cities. "By understanding these transnational forces and by contrasting any 'generic globalization' arguments, one can find room for maneuvering, for selecting better and more place-sensitive projects," Ponzini agues near the book's conclusion, "in other words, to make projects better and cities more suitable for different local populations" (p. 242). Here is Ponzini's exciting, if perhaps optimistic, route forward: the local can influence, collaborate, and when needed resist the global by learning the lessons of its processes through "thick description," adaptation and reflectiveness. Anna Greenspan's Shanghai Future, Lynn Sagalyn's Power at Ground Zero, Eric Mumford's Designing the Modern City and To Build a City in Africa, edited by Rachel Keeton and Michelle Provoost, come to mind as recent works of scholarship with which Ponzini's book might find fraternity. "Cities," he writes, "can learn from evidence and transfer knowledge beyond the simplified spectacle-fueled pro-growth narratives and beyond the assumptions about one dominant global ideology using such spectacles at the expense of the locale" (p. 121). Starchitecture pulled off a nifty trick, packaging spectacle—its fantastical buildings, sweeping vistas, and glossy pages—to offer an insightful, balanced take on spectacle. Transnational Urbanism is a different, harder book. It utilizes the thick description of planning details, corporate history, and subtle design shifts from project-to-project to reveal the mechanisms by which urban ideas move transnationally. If Ponzini is right, however, and the remedy to ideological extremes that simply celebrate or condemn variations of capitalism and their myriad buildings is just such description, then it is work well worth doing.


From the tunnel that hosted the now-retired CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso (CNGS) facility, AWAKE (Advanced Wakefield Experiment) is looking to revolutionize the field of particle acceleration. The 23-institute-strong collaboration aims to introduce a viable and more efficient alternative to traditional radiofrequency acceleration—with charged particles (in this case, electrons) "surfing" on the waves of a plasma field (or "wakefield") generated by a short, intense proton bunch fired through the plasma.


The purpose of this research is to improve learning outcomes using a modification of the ball hitting the bat in a game of fuel in class VI A Mojosongo III Elementary School Surakarta academic year 2012/2013. This research is a classroom action research (CAR). The experiment was conducted in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, action, observation and reflection. Subjects were students of class VI A Mojosongo III Elementary School Surakarta academic year 2012/2013 amounted to 40 students consisting of 21 male students and 19 female students. Data sources are from teachers and students, learning outcomes data obtained through the ball hitting performance tests, observation sheet used to collect data on the students' activities following the process of learning to hit the ball using a modified bat. Data analysis techniques used in this research is descriptive quantitative analysis based on percentage techniques. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: Improved learning outcomes that include aspects of affective, cognitive and psychomotor of 40 students only 13 students who achieve KKM or 32.5% in the initial conditions, increased to 52.50% or 21 students who reach the limit completed by the end of the cycle I. Furthermore, increased to 80% or 32 students who reached the completion by the end of the second cycle. Thus, action research in class VI A Mojosongo III Surakarta Elementary School in an effort to improve learning outcomes using a modification of the ball hitting the bat has been successful in improving learning outcomes in students hit the ball. Conclusions This study is the use of Modifications Improve Learning Outcomes Bat Hitting Ball Game Ball In fuels By Grade VI Elementary School A Mojosongo III Surakarta academic year 2012/2013. Keywords: hit the ball, bat, quantitative analysis


Defect arises in the part of flange shaft (casting) made of material GS42crMo4. After castings were made, they were inspected in inspection department by visual test and non-destructive test. If casting has minor defect then it could be repaired. If defect was major then it could not be repaired and casting was rejected. In one particular casting (the part of flange shaft) the crack was observed at the head, on radius portion, which was major defect. Due to heavy thickness section at the head side, the smaller radius may shrink. Crack was observed after final machining on radius portion. It was a blind crack inside the casting product, and it was invisible before machining. It was due to the stress concentration at the radius portion. So, it could not be repaired by grinding and welding. Due to this major defect the casting was rejected. We change the design at the radius portion; because defect was occur at the head of the casting on the radius portion. In the defective design there were two small radii at the head portion, where stress concentration was more, so there was a possibility of occurring crack. Then we change the design by making one big radius instead of two small radiuses, & stress concentration at the head portion was decreased and so we minimized defect of casting flange. KeywordsCasting Part, Stress Concentration, Kt Factor, Machining process, Cracks, Material GS42crMo4, Numerical


Automatic transmission vehicles have steadily increasing due to convenience and comfort for drivers. A damper clutch in automatic transmission system has some advantages of fuel economy and dynamic performance. In this paper, dynamic modeling was performed to confirm the effects of damper clutch operation. Using simulation program, fuel economy on a system with a lock-up control was compared with that on a system with a slip control on a test cycle. The result of simulation also depicted abnormal vibration during damper operation at low throttle condition. To analyze the abnormal vibrations in the drivetrain, simulations for several driving conditions was conducted. Two sides by a damper clutch operation were confirmed.


 Abstract: The concept of harmony does not play a very important role in contemporary analytic philosophy. In this paper, I argue that this peripheral status of the concept of harmony in analytic philosophy is not warranted. In fact, harmony might be the central normative concept: some philosophers think that complex unity is the metaphysical grounds of intrinsic value: whenever something is intrinsically valuable, it is so in virtue of the fact that disparate elements are brought into complex wholes. In this paper I discuss the possibility that harmony, rather than complex unity, plays this pivotal role. I conclude that, while there are some considerations in favour of this view, there are also considerations that speak against it; nevertheless, analytic philosophers should be more concerned with the concept of harmony than they have been so


The functionalisation of the 16-electron complex [Os(η(6)-p-cymene)(1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecarborane-1,2-dithiolato)] (1) with a series of Lewis bases to give the 18-electron complexes of general formula [Os(η(6)-p-cymene)(1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecarborane-1,2-dithiolato)(L)] (L = pyridine (2), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (3), 4-cyanopyridine (4), 4-methoxypyridine (5), pyrazine (6), pyridazine (7), 4,4'-bipyridine (8) and triphenylphosphine (9)) is reported. All 18-electron complexes are in equilibrium in solution with the 16-electron precursor, and thermochromic properties are observed in some cases (2, 3, 5, 8, and 9). The binding constants and Gibbs free energies of the equilibria are determined using UV-visible titrations and their stabilities investigated. Synthetic routes for forcing the formation of the 18-electron species are proposed, and analytical methods to characterise the equilibria are described.


RUN I of LHC took no significant new results. There are not super partners, no black holes, no extra dimensions, or dark matter particles, and so on. A single newly discovered particle turned out to be a hadrons multiplet but not Higgs.


With the increasing popularity of advanced language models and other artificial intelligence technologies, solutions that utilize AI are now widely used in various industries, such as software engineering and education. This article specifically examines the utilization of AI-assisted tools in programming courses at universities. It presents the existing tools available and discusses their practical applications, based on insights from a pilot project. Additionally, the article delves into the perspectives and attitudes of both students and teachers towards these tools.


The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of long distance running on bone metabolism, using the biochemical markers ICTP (the carboxyterminal cross‐linked telopeptide of type I collagen), PICP (the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen), osteocalcin and bALP (bone specific alkaline phosphatase) as well as parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum calcium. Twenty healthy, regularly exercising individuals, 10 women and 10 men, participated in a running competition. The mean age was 38 (range 22–55) and 39 (range 22–53) years respectively, the performed distance 15 (range 5–30) and 28 (range 15–30) km respectively, with a speed of 5:30, 5:02 per kilometer respectively. Fasting blood samples were drawn in the morning the day before the race, and also the day after and two days after. A decrease of PICP concentrations among women was evident the day after the competition (from 170±17 μ/l to 158±17 μg/l) which returned to pre‐exercise levels two days after the race (167±19 μg/l). Furthermore, a decrease of osteocalcin could be seen in the men one day after the exercise (from 12.1± 1.1 μg/l to 10.3±1.1 μg/l). In the men, there was also an increase of ICTP concentrations two days after (3.98±0.35 μg/l) this long‐term and demanding exercise, when compared with pre‐exercise levels (3.67±0.28). One single bout of longterm, exhaustive running exercise in well‐trained men and women seems to induce a temporary inhibition of bone formation as well as a stimulation of bone resorption.


The right to development, which is described as a third generation right, is a binding concept for both the state and the individual. According to the advocates of this right, the existence and functioning of the right to development is important for all human rights, including economic and social rights. The right to development, expressed by third world countries and recognized by the United Nations, has placed responsibility on many states. There are also controversies regarding the problems in practice and the lack of binding agreements regarding the right to development. The right to development is seen as a human right and whether this development can be achieved in this sense is determined as the research problematic of the study. In this study, the conceptual framework on the right to development has been put forward and definitions and explanations regarding this right have been given. Then the development of the right to development set forth in the legal sense and the activities done on it in Turkey, obstacles to the right to development and functioning are described.


The events bound with multiple and pair defects software and hardware in the dual frames of I&C systems are modeled of a not having built-in monitoring facilities of channels in which one is applied combined structural (hardware), temporary and version redundancy. The testability and fault tolerance of these systems using the determined measures are estimated. The guidelines are given at the choice of frames, which one differ by quantity of software versions and processing algoritms of the information.


A three-dimensional geodynamical model of the Baikal-Patom folded region and associated Pre-Patom pericratonic trough was developed using materials obtained in recent years from deep seismic observations of the CDPM along the Vitim River, results of several field seasons, involving data on the deep structure of folded belts of the world as well as the results of physical modeling. Its main characteristics are thrust-underthrust character, numerous, to varying degrees reworked duplex pileups, the Caledonian age, a very high degree of denudation in the southern part, which destroyed the upper allochthonous thrust plates in the area of Lake Baikal and exposed narrow, deep, root zones, extensive development of metagenetic processes that formed tectonoclastic strata. Analogues of hydrocarbon deposits in the southern part of the pericratonic area, including such giants as the Kovyktinskoye gas condensate field, can be found further north in autochthonous basal terrigenous Vendian productive horizons under allochthonous plates. Lateral movements of large tectonic plates, fluid migration over a distance of over 200 km allow researchers to confirm the high oil-and-gas prospects of the auto- and allochthonous intervals of the sedimentary cover of the Pre-Patom petroleum area.


This article examines a taxonomy for understanding and applying various facets of ethical argumentation and conceptualization to administrative practice. Initially, the importance of using such research findings and developing the ability of conceptual analysis is presented. Then, an explication of normative ethics is given; that is, both a prescriptive approach to ethics and the relevance of applied ethics for educational leadership is considered. This four part taxonomy is then applied to administrative practice. Finally, recommendations are given on the use of the taxonomy for educational leaders.


The aims of this research were to determine the hatching percentage of snakehead fish egg which incubated on different duration of aeration (oxygen supply). This research had been conducted in the Fish Breeding Unit "Batanghari Sembilan", Indralaya since October until November 2017. This research used Completely Randomized Design method (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications consist of; P1 (24 hours, aerated), P2 (24 hours non aerated), P3 (12 hours aerated, 12 hours non aerated), P4 (10 hours aerated, 14 hours non aerated) and P5 (8 hours aerated, 16 hours non aerated). The result of this research showed that the best hatching percentage, were P4 81.64%. Survival rate of pro larva (3 day old / D3), the best result were treatment 4 (P4), 86,54%. Baside on, hatching percentage and survival rate of prolarva parameter, P4 is the best treatment. Furthemore, time efficiency and cost of operation fish breeding program, treatment P4 suggested.


The properties and yield of a distributed feedback laser depends on the values of coupling coefficient κ and many other parameters. Multisegmented distributed feedback devices (consisting of grated and ungrated areas, quarter‐wave‐shifts, and potentially other features other) are becoming more common and have advantages over uniform grated devices. A multi‐segmented transfer matrix model is used to model the spectra, yield, and slope efficiency of multisegment and uniform distributed feedback lasers. The results give an excellent match to measured spectra of partially grated, quarter‐wave‐shifted, and uniform devices, and qualitatively agree with experimental data on the distribution of slope efficiency in devices. A study on partial grated devices suggested they may have advantages in single mode yield compared to uniformly grated devices. This method (and the specific software tool Glaparex) can be used to control device parameters in manufacturing and to optimize laser designs design.


BACKGROUND: Assessment of parent/caretaker satisfaction with child and adolescent mental health services in a tertiary care setting
METHODS: In this descriptive cross sectional study, 130 parents/caretakers of children aged ≤ 16 years were administered Parent/Caretaker Satisfaction Questionnaire which is a 20-item, 4-point Likert type scale, after their second visit/consultation with Child Psychiatric OPD via non-probability consecutive sampling directly as well as telephonically during six months period. Demographic variables were collected via Proforma. The data was analyzed using SPSS v 16.0. p- value <0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: 73.1% (n=95) were very satisfied (satisfaction level>60), 24.6 %(n=32) were satisfied (satisfaction between 21-60) and only 2.3%(n=3) were unsatisfied (satisfaction ≤20). No significant association was found between demographic variables and level of satisfaction.
CONCLUSION: Our study revealed a high level of parent/caretaker satisfaction with Child and Adolescent mental health services in a tertiary care setting. No significant association was found between socio-demographic variables and parent/caretakers' satisfaction.
KEY WORDS: Patient satisfaction, Quality of health care, Child Psychiatry, Mental health services


Electrolyte-plasma treatment has become widespread in the industry as an alternative to traditional chemical, electrochemical and mechanical methods of improving the surface quality of products made of metallic materials. Advantages of electrolyte-plasma treatment are a high intensity of microroughness smoothing, the use of low concentration salts solutions as electrolytes, the possibility of processing products of complex shape. The main disadvantage of this method is high power consumption, so the method can be considered in its classical form to the power-consuming. A possible way of reducing power consumption is treatment in unsteady modes that arise in the transition zone between a switching and stable electrolyte-plasma treatment process and is characterized by the periodic formation of a stable vapor-gas shell and a transition to an electrochemical process. The paper presents the results of a study of the influence of a high-gradient electric field under unsteady electrolyte-plasma treatment modes on the energy parameters of the process and the characteristics of the surface being treated. It is established that a high-gradient electric field has a significant effect on the decrease in specific power consumption, which is explained by a decrease in losses in the electrolyte and the influence of the field on the formation and maintenance of the vapor-gas shell. As a result of the study of the effect of a high-gradient electric field in unsteady EPT modes on characteristics of the surface layer was established that a significant impulse current density in the zone of predominantly electrochemical treatment leads to a selective etching of the surface and the formation of a characteristic micro relief of the surface with a developed porous microstructure with pore sizes from 0.3 to 2.5 microns. The most pronounced porous microstructure is provided at a voltage of 270–300 V and an additional inductance of 3.2 mH.


(1) Ethyl {2-hydroxy-9-methyl-6-oxopentacyclo[ 5.5.0.04, I 1.05,9.0s,' 2]dodec-2-en3-yl }carboxylate, CI6HIsO 4, M , = 2 7 4 . 3 2 , monoclinic, P 2 J n , a = * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed. ~" On leave from the Faculty of Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Yugoslavia. 12.564(1), b = 6 . 8 2 5 ( 1 ) , c = 1 6 . 0 8 8 ( 2 ) A , p = 101.38 (1) °, V = 1352.4 (2) ,/k 3, Z = 4, D x = 1.347 g c m -3, 2(Mo Ka) = 0.71073 A, # = 0.90 cm' , F(000) = 584, T = 294 K, R = 0.0407 for 1413 reflections. (2) Ethyl {2-hydroxy1,7-dimethyl-6-oxopenta4 II 5 9 8 12 cyclo[188.8.131.52, .0 ' .0 ' ]dodec-2-en-3-yl }carboxylate, C17H2004, M , = 2 8 8 . 3 5 , monoclinic, P21/n, a = 0108-2701/89/020263-05503.00 © 1989 International Union of Crystallography 264 C]6H1804, C17H2004 AND C14H2106P 8.167(1), b = 1 4 . 7 4 6 ( 2 ) , c = 1 2 . 6 7 9 ( 2 ) A , f l= 107.12 °, V = 1459.4 (3) A 3, Z = 4, D x = 1.312 g c m -3, 2(Mo Kct), p = 0.87 cm -1, F(000) = 616, T = 294 K, R = 0.0407 for 1690 reflections. (3) Dimethyl { 6-hydroxy-3-oxo-7-oxatetracyclo[ 7.3.0.04,12._ 05,1°]dodec-6-yl}methylphosphonate, C 1 4 H 2 1 0 6 P , M r = 316.29, triclinic, P1, a = 7.608 (1), b = 8.994 (1), c = 1 1 . 5 9 5 ( 2 ) A , a = 70-11(1), f l= 70.77 (1), y = 84.39 (1) °, V = 704.3 (2) A 3, z = 2, Dx= 1-491 g cm -3, ;I.(Mo Ktz),/z = 2.13 cm -1, F(000) = 336, T = 293, R = 0.0351 for 2270 reflections. Cage compounds (1) and (2) contain a four-membered ring, three five-membered tings and a six-membered cyclohexene ring. The four-membered rings are slightly puckered, the five-membered rings are in envelope conformations and the six-membered ring is in a half-chair conformation. Molecular mechanics calculations indicate the ring system of compound (1) is 9.6 kJ mo1-1 less strained than that of (2). Compound (3) lacks the fourmembered ring and the six-membered heterocyclic ring is in a chair conformation. The ring system in compound (3) is about 25 kJ mo1-1 less strained than that in (1). Introduction. As part of a program to explore the synthesis, chemistry and energetics of novel, substituted cage compounds (Marchand, 1988), we have prepared compounds (1), (2) and (3). The synthesis and structures of several compounds related to (1) and (2) have been reported (Marchand, "Arney, Gilardi & Flippen-Anderson, 1987; Marchand, Annapurna, Watson & Nagl, 1988). Compound (3) is included as a reference structure since the strain induced by the four-membered ring has been removed, and any unusual bond length variations related to this strain are absent.


We present a CLP-based method for the direct implementation of HPSG. We interpret uniication of typed feature structures under the restrictions of principled constraints as constraint solving in the CLP paradigm. Principles of grammar, viewed as licensing conditions applying to every node of a feature structure, take the form of conditional constraints. The constraint solving mechanism, implemented in a variant of SICStus Prolog allowing for uniication extensions, takes care of delaying the enforcement of conditional constraints on insuuciently instantiated feature structures and thus provides a general means to specify delay conditions. Finally, conditionals allow for reformulation of disjunctions into a conjunction of implications, thereby reducing the search space.


DaronAcemoglu contextualized the authors' paper as part of an ongoing debate about the origins of intercohort trends in labor market outcomes. He argued that differences across education groups have been studied extensively,whereas differences across cohorts are less understood.He contrasted two views on the subject. According to the first one, which he labeled the "early labor view," intercohort trends stem from differences in protections and unionization across cohorts. The second view, which Acemoglu labeled the "Card-Lemieux (2001) view" (David Card and Thomas Lemieux ["Can Falling Supply Explain the Rising Return to College for Younger Men? A Cohort-Based Analysis," Quarterly Journal of Economics 116, no. 2 (2001): 705–46]), imputes these trends to differences in educational attainments across cohorts. Acemoglu downplayed the importance of the first view. He suggested instead that a decrease in the relative supply of educated workers across cohorts is the most plausible explanation for the rise in the skill premium observed in the data. He noted that college graduation rates rose steadily for cohorts born before 1950, but educational attainments stagnated or even declined afterward. Acemoglu argued that the literature still does not have a good understanding of the source of this structural break. The authors agreed that the decline in educational achievements across cohorts is striking, especially because the skill premium rose over the relevant period. They would not speculate about the reasons underlying this trend but suggested that skill-biased technical changes might also have played a role for the rising skill premium. Valerie Ramey followedupon the subject andoffered a tentative explanation for the decline in educational achievements across cohorts. She highlighted the role of expectations for investment in human capital. She noted that the 1960s cohort (studied in the paper) turned 18 in the late 1970s, when the college premiumwas low and strong unions guaranteed


In recent years,the software process technology has attracted more and more attention in the software industry,and the definition of the software process has become an emphasis of research.A new method of software process definition is presented which is called Process Definition Method based on Web Service(PDMWS).This method is based on the language of software process definition SPEL4WS and combines the idea of the process program with the idea of the workflow.The ability of defining the software process is heightened through combining the graphic representation with the representation of the process description language.This method has many good features,and it will advance the progress of the software process technology and the improvement of the software process.


Provided is a coiled wave spring used for a diaphragm damper device arranged inside a combustion chamber partitioned into a housing and a cover. The coiled wave spring is configured so as to be arranged between the diaphragm damper in the diaphragm damper device and the cover and is also configured such that the diaphragm damper is fixed to the housing by the elastic force of the coiled wave spring. The coiled wave spring has a coil section, a winding-start section, and a winding-end section. The winding-start section and the winding-end section each form a flat seat winding section. The outer diameter of each of the seat winding sections is greater than the outer diameter of the coil section. The coiled wave spring is configured such that one of the seat winding sections is fixed to the diaphragm damper.


The Great Leap Forward was the socialist outlook cut off from the orbit of science. Its root and impetus was the raving for the greatness and success, and the eagerness for quick success and instant benefit. Its nature was full of illusion to shake off the yoke of the objective law and full of ambition to leapfrog in building the socialist society. Its basic pattern was to campaign the mass movement that disobeyed the law of construction based on the voluntarism and the mass line, and finally it led the casualty.


Background Myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV), measured by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, is a useful prognostic marker for patients who have undergone aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis. However, the prognostic significance of ECV measurements based on computed tomography (CT) is unclear. This study evaluated the association between ECV measured with dual‐energy CT and clinical outcomes in patients with aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter or surgical AVR. Methods and Results We retrospectively enrolled 95 consecutive patients (age, 84.0±5.0 years; 75% women) with severe aortic stenosis who underwent preprocedural CT for transcatheter AVR planning. ECV was measured using iodine density images obtained by delayed enhancement dual‐energy CT. The primary end point was a composite outcome of all‐cause death and hospitalization for heart failure after AVR. The mean ECV measured with CT was 28.1±3.8%. During a median follow‐up of 2.6 years, 22 composite outcomes were observed, including 15 all‐cause deaths and 11 hospitalizations for heart failure. In Kaplan‐Meier analysis, the high ECV group (≥27.8% [median value]) had significantly higher rates of composite outcomes than the low ECV group (<27.8%) (log‐rank test, P=0.012). ECV was the only independent predictor of adverse outcomes on multivariable Cox regression analysis (hazards ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.10‒1.41; P<0.001). Conclusions Myocardial ECV measured with dual‐energy CT in patients who underwent aortic valve intervention was an independent predictor of adverse outcomes after AVR.


Due to the huge number of points on three-dimensional point clouds captured by optical scanning devices, point-based simplification is a crucial step in model reconstruction. However, the loss of edge features of industrial parts after such simplification reduces reconstruction accuracy. This paper presents an edge-sensitive, point-based simplification method to eliminate redundant points and preserve more edge feature details. Firstly, a new geometrical descriptor is created for each point to generate a geometrical domain. A clustering scheme is then designed by applying two different clustering algorithms, to split the point cloud in the geometrical domain and the spatial domain respectively. The proposed method is capable of preserving edge features well, while reducing the original number of points to 10% or even 5%. The proposed method is compared with other simplification methods and the experimental results indicate that it performs better in simplifying industrial parts.


The production of (pseudoscalar) mesons in proton deuteron fusion to a ${}^3\textrm{He}$ nucleus and a mesonic system $X$ has been a topic of active research for almost 30 years. Nonetheless, it still poses some open questions, most notably in the $\textrm{pd } (\textrm{dp}) \rightarrow {}^3\textrm{He}\eta$ and $\textrm{pd } (\textrm{dp}) \rightarrow {}^3\textrm{He}(\pi\pi)^{0}$ channels. The WASA-at-COSY Collaboration performed a new measurement in 2014 using the Wide Angle Shower Apparatus located inside the Cooler Synchrotron of the Forschungszentrum Julich at 15 different beam momenta between $p_p = 1.60\; \textrm{GeV/c}$ and $p_p = 1.74\; \textrm{GeV/c}$ aiming to address some of these open questions. During the conference, recent preliminary results of the analysis of this new dataset were presented along with an outlook of the possibility this new dataset presents for the future.


Our research contributes to the understanding of the complexities that women face in business by investigating through a series of three experimental studies (N = 192, N = 160, and N = 320) how a n...


The demand for Intelligent Building is rapidly increasing as a result of constant research and technical development. Nonetheless, the economic analysis on the intelligent building project using the life cycle cost analysis has not been systematically studied. Especially, the researches related to the classification of intelligent buildings based on an intelligent building integration as well as the economic evaluation in terms of the classification of intelligent buildings have not been progressively developed. Therefore, two candidate projects built by a non-integrated system and partial integration system are selected in this paper. The life cycle costs (LCC) of the two candidate projects are estimated. The result indicates that the partial integration system is more efficient than the non-integrated system in terms of the reduction of LCC.