Structural observation of layered double perovskite oxide La2CuSnO6 thin films grown epitaxially on SrTiO3 is reported by high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF‐STEM). Particularly the transition layer at the interface was observed, and the first B site layer at the interface was found to be almost formed by the Cu atomic layer as the random structure, followed by formation of the layered structure.


As China's entry into WTO brings about significant changes to economic operations in China, and the science and technology circles in China have to face up to wholly new challenges, it is inevitable for the electric power research and development institutes to turn into enterprises and act in the same way as their counterparts outside China. As No.1 man of the electric power research and development institute, the author expresses his personal views on turning of research and development institutes into enterprises: the transformation must expedite science and technology innovations and development of hi tech products, facilitate bringing up of experienced skilful workforce, and provide long term modern services up to standards to power generation and distribution enterprises.


On 11 April 2013, the Court of Justice of the European Union (ECJ) upheld an appeal by Mindo Srl against a judgment of the General Court that ruled that it was not required to adjudicate on…


We study a theta lift from a cusp form $f$ on $U(1,1)$ to a cusp form $\mathcal{L} f$ on $U(2,1)$ (the unitary Kudla lift of $f$). We give an explicit expression of the Fourier–Jacobi expansion of $\mathcal{L} f$ in terms of periods and Hecke eigenvalues of $f$. As an application, we give a criterion for the nonvanishing of $\mathcal{L} f$.


Controversies still exist regarding definition of the thrombotic risks in Ph‐ (BCR/ABL1‐) myeloproliferative disorders with thrombocythemia (MPD‐T). Platelet counts at diagnosis are currently not taken as a risk factor of thrombosis. In our cohort of 1179 patients with MPD‐T, prospectively registered for anagrelide treatment, we found that the median platelet count prior to the thrombotic event was significantly higher than at time points without any ensuing thrombosis (453 vs. 400 × 109/L, P < 0.001), albeit higher platelet counts at diagnosis tended to be connected with fewer thrombotic events (in contrast to WBC counts at diagnosis). The JAK2V617F mutation predicted both arterial and venous events, while age >65 yr, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, elevated triglyceride and homocysteine levels predicted arterial events only. For venous events, the specific thrombophilic risk factors (factor V 'Leiden' and others), antiphospholipid antibodies, and elevated factor VIII levels played a major role. During anagrelide treatment (± aspirin), we documented a decrease in both venous (6.7‐fold) and arterial events (1.8‐fold), while bleeding (mostly minor events) increased twofold compared to history. Our results suggest that keeping platelet counts at low levels may be a meaningful therapeutic measure to prevent thrombosis, although their counts at diagnosis lack any prognostic value.


The article uses the DEA to measure the efficiency and assess the operational efficiencies in medical institutions in Beijing, analyzing the reasons for existing resource allocation and operational efficiency. Based on the existing resource allocation and operational efficiency and combined with the characteristics of the development in medical and health institutions in Beijing, the article proposes that government should play an important role in the health care reform and resource allocation, making the market effective and the resource optimal; medical institutions should undertake the responsibility of people's basic medical services, improving their operational effectiveness and service quality to optimize the resource allocation; patients should change their recognitions and receive community health services and some lower-rated medical institutions services.


The analysis of popular music scenes has traditionally focused upon grass-roots music-making practices, without considering how these practices are rooted in the organizational and economic dynamics that characterize today's cultural economy. This article suggests the need to look at music production in music scenes as a more professionalized activity which requires entrepreneurial skills and economic sustainability. Drawing on the findings of a six-month fieldwork study of the music scene of Milan, this article will attempt to re-conceptualize our understanding of music scenes and to explain how the desire to make a living through music requires the members of a scene to be engaged to a significant degree in multi-tasking and multi-jobbing, which allows them to survive in a risky, precarious environment.


rhythm of speech is also a matter of blows and intervals. But here the syllabic blows (called by him 'syllicts'), dealt one on the vowel of each syllable, are organic, varying in strength, and occurring at various simple intervals (' quantities') relatively determinable by easy tests. Dr. Thomson puts this proposition forward as a close-knit web of fact and the absolute negation of systems that profess to measure, not intervals, but syllables. These systems, he maintains, by ignoring the rhythmical points of force from and to which measurements are effected, put themselves wholly out of court : they make the settling of quantities not a matter of measuring at all, but an esoteric mystery, an arbitrary, imaginative act divorced from experimental verification. Could these propositions be disproved, Dr. Thomson declares that his book would become so much waste paper and his labour labour in vain. The above summary, made by the author himself at my suggestion, indicates the general drift of this elaborate and interesting volume. I regret that I cannot myself accept Dr. Thomson's doctrine of ' blows', but space does not permit of any attempt to discuss it or its application to the verse of the ancient or modern languages, in detail. I must therefore content myself with referring readers of the Class. Rev. to the book itself, which should be studied respectfully, but critically, by all who are concerned with the basis on which the structure of verse, ancient and modern, rests. By ' experimental verification' Dr. Thomson means not the methods employed in phonetic laboratories, but a method of tapping with the finger which he uses as a means of measuring intervals of time.


The isotopic abundance ratio C-12/C-13 for the M supergiant alpha Orionis is derived from photoelectric high-resolution scans of the CN 2-0 red system and high-resolution interferometric spectra of the CO second-overtone bands. The two molecules yield consistent results and the final value for the C-12/C-13 ratio is 7.0 plus or minus 1.5. Rationale is offered for the causes contributing to an earlier suggestion that C-12/C-13 ratios from CO and CN were in disagreement.


The problem, how to detect orbit manoeuvre of an artificial satellite based on Doppler measurement is studied. In order to detect the orbital manoeuvre on the first day, the algorithm of equi-variance test for post-residuals is presented, and in order to detect the orbit manoeuvre on the 2nd or 3rd day, another algorithm of estimating Deltaalpha k using predicted residuals is also presented. The calculations show that the algorithm can reliably detect a change greater than 3 metres for the orbital semi-major axis, when the standard variance of the Doppler measurement is 0.2 cm/s


Characteristics of amorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) are highly dependent on the hydrogen (H) content within the device architecture, for example in the etch-stop layer (ESL) of the elevated-metal metal-oxide (EMMO) TFTs. The serious apparent "short-channel effect (SCE)" was caused by the H diffusion from source/drain (S/D) to channel. Such SCE deterioration can be suppressed by thermal dehydrogenation at a cost of long annealing time, especially for a transistor architecture with a-IGZO S/D covered with H-rich silicon nitride (SiNx:H) and further capped with metallic H-diffusion barrier. The dehydrogenation efficiency is found to be significantly enhanced by fluorinating the a-IGZO. By optimizing the device architecture and/or the fluorination process to enhance the dehydrogenation, the SCE can be efficiently eliminated with well-maintained performance even for ${2}~\mu \text{m}$ -long a-IGZO TFTs.


Aim. To compare survival after open liver resections and laparoscopic liver resection based on the experience of two large Russian surgical centers using the propensity score matching. Material and methods. The primary point of the study was the assessment of long-term overall and disease-free survival after laparoscopic and open liver resection. The secondary point were immediate outcomes. Propensity score matching was used for balancing covariates and reducing the drawbacks of observational study. Results. The study included data from 185 patients after 93 laparoscopic liver resection and 92 open liver resection. The immediate outcomes of 176 patients (95%) were analyzed. Long-term results were evaluated in 157 patients (85%) with propensity score based analysis. Forty-three pairs were matched. The blood loss and the hospital stay were less in the group of laparoscopic liver resection before matching. After matching, the blood loss was equal in both groups. The length of hospital stay remained significantly shorter in laparoscopic liver resection group after matching. No differences in severe morbidity was observed between groups. No death was registered after open and laparoscopic liver resection. The overall 5-year survival rate in the laparoscopic and open liver resection groups did not differ before and after matching (56%/68% and 72%/76%, respectively). Disease-free 5- and 4-year survival did not differ either, but revealed the trend to be longer after laparoscopic liver resection before and after matching (52%/10% and 58%/28%, respectively). Conclusion. Laparoscopic liver resection for colorectal liver metastases reduced the hospital stay. The overall survival of patients did not depend on the type of approach. Disease-free survival discovered the trend to improve after laparoscopic liver resection.


The discovery of the catalytic synthesis of ammonia must rank as one of the important discoveries by mankind. In addition to providing the fertilizer needed to feed an expanding population, Fritz Haber's recognition of recycle processing combined with the developing German technology to handle high pressures of hydrogen, led a major revolution in the chemical industry. In rapid succession, the Germans developed the high-pressure methanol synthesis and introduced the means to liquefy coal. One of the processes was the direct hydrogenation of coal at high temperatures and pressures that was introduced by the work of Friedrich Bergius and the other was the development of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide by Franz Fischer, Hans Tropsch and Helmut Pichler, the so-called FischerTropsch synthesis.


The article discusses the possibilities of using artificial intelligence in personnel management (interviewing job seekers, monitoring employee performance and control). Particular attention is paid to the issues of observance of workers' rights. It is concluded that, in some cases, the use of opaque algorithms of artificial intelligence may violate the prohibition of discrimination in the labor sphere provided for by Russian legislation. Changes to the current legislation are proposed.


This chapter begins with a survey of literary depictions of the Great Famine of the late 1840's, looking at the differences between what actually occurred and the recurring features of fictional Famine scenes: for example, there is often an assumption of cannibalism in Famine-set novels, though there is little historical data to support the idea that cannibalism actually occurred on an appreciable scale. Novelists of the time conceive of the desperation of the time as a 'hunger demon,' which possesses the deprived and drives them to monstrous acts; echoes of this concept can be seen in later Irish fiction, indicating the existence of a threshold beyond which the suffering victim of horror becomes its harbinger. The chapter proceeds from here to an analysis of Apocalyptic dread in Irish fiction.


This paper use a example of Block thrust face machining and final feature established to discuss significance of select logical process flow and process dimension for satisfy product feature request.And give a reference for similar feature machining in production.


The components of ecological li teracy comprise knowledge, attitudes, affect, behavior, and environmental activism. The goal of this paper is to establish whether environmental activism can be predicted on the basis of environmental knowledge, proenvironmental attitudes, affect, and behavior. In addition to this, the goal of the research is to examine to what extent individuals of different activism levels differ in terms of knowledge of basic environmental problems, expression of the attitude of ecological apathy, anthropocentrism, belonging to nature and connection with nature, as well as usual practices of pro-environmental behavior. By surveying a sample of adult respondents from Serbia who belong to a group devoted to an environmental problem (N=255), we have discovered that general environmental knowledge alone does not contribute to pro-environmental behaviors or environmental activism. The predictors of activism are pro-environmental attitudes, an affective attitude towards nature, and common pro-environmental behaviors, even though they help distinguish a group of barely active members from two groups of more active members, but they do not help distinguish those who are active in a virtual space from those who participate personally. The groups are further distinguished by other variables, such as the locus of control, values, and the phenomenon of quasi-activism. The established connection between knowledge and emotional affinity towards nature seems to represent a reciprocal relationship, and indicates that the right way to learn is to acquire knowledge, but while developing a love for nature.


By numerical simulations, it has been shown that a conven- tional cylindrical rod can be used as a hollow conic beam generator by illuminating a parallel laser beam inclined to the axis of the rod. Half of the conic beam is formed by the reflection at the surface of the cylindrical rod, and the opposite side of the conic beam by its transmission. We discuss the parameters to determine the size of the conic beam and the effect of the dielectric multilayer coating on the intensity distribution of the conic beam. The line beams of the shapes such as circle, ellipse, parabola, or hyperbola can be generated by this hollow conic beam gen- erator, depending on the position and orientation of the observing plane. © 2006 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.


A GIS-based approach is used in this study to obtain a better LCZ map of Berlin in comparison to the remote-sensing-based WUDAPT L0 approach. The LCZ classification of land use/cover can be used, among other applications, to characterize the urban heat island. An improved fuzzy logic method is employed for the purpose of classification of the zone properties to yield the GIS-LCZ map over 100 m × 100 m grid tiles covering the Berlin region. The zone properties are calculated from raster and vector datasets with the aids of the urban multi-scale environmental predictor (UMEP), QGIS and Python scripts. The standard framework is modified by reducing the threshold for the zone property impervious fraction for LCZ E to better detect paved surfaces in urban areas. Another modification is the reduction in the window size in the majority filter during post-processing, compared to the WUDAPT L0 method, to retain more details in the GIS-LCZ map. Moreover, new training areas are generated considering building height information. The result of the GIS-LCZ approach is compared to the new training areas for accuracy assessment, which shows better overall accuracy compared to that of the WUDAPT L0 method. The new training areas are also submitted to the LCZ generator and the resulting LCZ-map gives a better overall accuracy value compared to the previous (WUDAPT) submission. This study shows one shortcoming of the WUDAPT L0 method: it does not explicitly use building height information and that leads to misclassification of LCZs in several cases. The GIS-LCZ method addresses this shortcoming effectively. Finally, an unsupervised machine learning method, k-means clustering, is applied to cluster the grid tiles according to their zone properties into custom classes. The custom clusters are compared to the GIS-LCZ classes and the results indicate that k-means clustering can identify more complex city-specific classes or LCZ transition types, while the GIS-LCZ method always divides regions into the standard LCZ classes.


What eect does candidate race have on co-racial voter turnout? Recent studies suggest that the presence of a black candidate results in an increase in black turnout. We argue that much of these ndings can be attributed to the dierent design choices of previous researchers and the inattention to strategic candidate and voter behavior. In this study, we examine mayoral elections in the state of Louisiana between 1988 and 2011, matching cities along an important dimension{size of the black population. We nd that when we compare turnout levels in places with similar black populations,


This paper deals with some of the differences between subtitling and other kinds of translation. The major difference is that a text has to undergo more changes than a language shift before it can ...


To make analysis on the content,the knowledge arrangement order,compulsory and takes as an elective of High school mathematics series textbooks of the CIE Board of examination of England,The board mathematics series textbooks content compile the teaching material according to the different knowledge module,pure mathematics,mechanics mathematics,probability statistics.It is less difficulty to study than other Britain tast board textbook,The knowledge capacity is less than other Britain tast board textbook,systematic,the knowledge arrangement structure conforms to the student cognition rule,divides into two parts,compulsory and takes as an elective.Having certain enlightenment to revises and developed the Chinese teaching material.


The seminal article "Behavior of the Firm Under Regulation" by Harvey Averch and Leland Johnson has evoked extensive comment during the years since it appeared. Only in recent articles by Eytan Sheshinski and Alvin Klevorick, however, has the Averch-Johnson analytical framework been employed to deal with the question: If, for whatever reason, a rate of return constraint is the device that must be employed to control a monopolist's profits, at what level should the allowable rate of return be set? The answer to this question and pseudoempirical analysis of its implications are the subjects of this paper. Specifically, Section I provides a simpler development of Sheshinski's and Klevorick's main formal conclusions than was contained in their papers.^ Section II analyzes, as did Klevorick, the special case of constant elasticity demand and Cobb-Douglas production functions in a world in which income distribution considerations can be ignored and in which the regulatory process involves no resource costs. Expressions are derived and tabulated for the optimum allowable rate of return and for the effects on "social welfare" (i.e., the sum of consumers' and producers' surpluses), output, costs, and capital inten-


Introduction 1187 I. Clarifying the Thesis and Operationalizing the "Social Order Dynamic" 1188 II. Testing the Article's Examples Against the "Social Order Dynamic" Paradigm 1190 III. Probing "Social Order" and Its Inextricable Relationship to "Social Welfare" 1195 IV. Solving the Governance Problem with a "Family Impact Statement" Policy 1199 Conclusion 1204 INTRODUCTION Dr. Raphael Bostic argues that a phenomenon called the "social order dynamic" explains the negative effects on families of various past and current housing and land use policies. (1) Dr. Bostic defines social order dynamic in the following way: sometimes policymakers adopt policies to maintain the urban economic order, but "because domains rarely operate in isolation, efforts to maintain order along one dimension can exacerbate conditions and increase disorder in others." (2) "Families, particularly those with low incomes, often live at the intersection of these conflicting forces," (3) and suffer negative effects because of such policies. Dr. Bostic's article ("the Article") identifies examples of the social order dynamic, and then offers some suggestions for avoiding this dynamic or mitigating its effects, while still serving the original policy goal of maintaining the urban economic order. This response to the Article consists of four parts followed by a brief conclusion. First, I clarify the Article's thesis and operationalize the social order dynamic by clarifying its elements. Second, I compare the Article's examples of the social order dynamic with the refined definition of the social order dynamic. Third, I explore the meaning of social order in the Article and its inextricable relationship to social welfare. Fourth, in light of these discussions, I consider the Article's proposed solutions to the problem and offer an alternative. I. CLARIFYING THE THESIS AND OPERATIONALIZING THE "SOCIAL ORDER DYNAMIC" The Article aims to identify the social order dynamic as a distinct policymaking or governance problem: a situation in which policymakers adopt a particular policy to bring social order into one particular dimension of urban life (i.e., the economic one). (4) This policy, however, has the unintended effect of causing disorder in the "family" dimension of social life through some kind of spillover effect. (5) In other words, it is a problem of externalities (6) applied to policymaking. Because the Article invents a new phrase to name the problem it examines, I assume the problem is not just a standard application of the economic concept of externalities, nor is it just the traditional argument that every policy has unintended consequences. To follow and analyze the argument, it is necessary to flesh out the social order dynamic phenomenon--to make it operational and, therefore, testable. The Article views cities in economic terms as "the spatial realization of firms and households responding to" economic incentives to invest or to spend. (7) "[T]he focus of order in this context is the preservation of conditions that permit for an efficient functioning of urban markets, such that resources are primarily devoted to commerce and production." (8) This focus entails two goals: (1) limiting impediments to "establishing and operating businesses and buying and selling finished goods," (9) and (2) permitting "a maximal amount of private investment, so as to maximize the productive capacity of the regional economy." (10) In other words, the Article appears to embrace the standard economic view that governments create and maintain the conditions for well-functioning economic markets to maximize social welfare. It explains that certain "urban disamenities" (e.g., crime) create disorder, that this disorder leads to both private and public outlays to address it, and that these expenditures are inefficient because they represent money that could have been used for more productive purposes. …


In this letter we report observations showing, for the first time, the occurrence of a new, major transformation in the thermohaline cell of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. After 2 decades, during which waters of Aegean origin dominated the abyssal layers of that basin, the Adriatic Sea has returned to represent a major source of Eastern Mediterranean Deep Water (EMDW). The observed characteristics of such water, however, profoundly differ from those observed previously in the abyssal layers of the Ionian basin. In fact, the newly formed EMDW we observed there is saltier, warmer, and denser than EMDW observed before and during the Eastern Mediterranean Transient (EMT). Thus, during the past 2 decades, the thermohaline cell of the eastern Mediterranean, once considered steady, showed two large, abrupt, somehow opposite fluctuations. As in the case of the first one, origins, climatic implications, and fate of this second fluctuation have to be clarified.


The trypanosomatid Phytomonas nordicus parasitizing the predatory bug Troilus luridus was described at the twilight of the orphotype-based systematics. Despite its monoxenous life cycle, this species was attributed to the dixenous genus Phytomonas ue to the presence of long twisted promastigotes and development of flagellates in salivary glands. However, these characteristics ere considered insufficient for proving the phytomonad nature of the species and therefore its description remained virtually nnoticed. Here, we performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and region containing nternal trascribed spacers (ITS) 1 and 2 and convincingly demonstrated the affinity of P. nordicus to the genus Phytomonas. In ddition, we investigated its development in the salivary glands. We argue that in many aspects the life cycle of monoxenous P. ordicus resembles that of its dixenous relatives represented by tomato-parasitizing Phytomonas serpens. 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.


A meta-analysis of 34 primary studies yielding 438 independent findings shows that 20 specific parenting practices, in combination, can account for as much as one-quarter (23.10) of the variance in student achievement outcomes. Seven parenting practices, when combined, account for approximately one-sixth (16.30) of the variance in student achievement. These positive parenting practices are: (1) educational aspirations and grade expectations; (2) parent engagement; (3) authoritative parenting; (4) autonomy support; (5) emotional support; (6) providing resources and learning experiences; and (7) specific parent participation activities in school. Socioeconomic status, grade level, and ethnicity are three moderator factors. Eight negative parenting practices, in combination, also account for 31.9% of the variance in student achievement and are linked to a student's lack of success. (Contains 1 table, 2 figures, and 220 references.) (Author/SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. A Meta-analysis of Parenting and School Success: The Role of Parents in Promoting Students' Academic Performance Dr. Charlotte Rosenzweig Hofstra University American Educational Research Association 2001 Conference Seattle, Washington SIG ID# S-43-1 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) lieThis document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy.


To evaluate the effect of planting pattern on grain and oil yield, phenological and morphological traits in rapeseed cultivars of spring a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 1393 at the Agricultural Research Station and Natural Resources of Ardabil-Samian was carried out. In this project, the first factor of rapeseed cultivars in three levels (Hyola 308, 401, RGS003) and second factor, row spacing three levels (20, 30 and 40 cm) and the third factor are spacing between plants on two levels, (5 and 10 cm) is considered. Analysis of variance showed, that the 50% green, full green, branching, stem, growing period, reproductive period, total growth period, the number of primary branches, secondary branches, plant height, podded first branch height, number of leaves, number of plants per square meter, number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, number of grains per plant, thousands grain weight , grain yield, biological yield, pod length and width, Seed dry matter percentage, harvest index, grain protein percentage, Protein yield, nitrogen percentage under trilateral interaction (genotype × row spacing × spacing between plants) was significant Interaction of (genotype × Row spacing) hectoliter weight, oil percentage, potassium and sodium seeds and interaction of( genotype × spacing between plants) chlorophyll content traits to be significant. The main effects cultivar and row spacing were significant on yield oil. The results showed the highest grain yield, oil yield, protein yield and physiological performance was of hybrid and high yielding Hyola 308 of the combination treatment 20 × 5 cm, that seems more appropriate for the study region.


Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, ThailandFood quality and safety are major concerns in the food industry and bioplastics constitute an emerg-ing and innovative industrial segment which helps address these concerns. The bioplastics industryis characterized by new synergies and collaborations in the chemical, biotechnological and agricul-tural sectors, with antimicrobial packaging being one emerging technology that signi"cantly improvesfood safety. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the perceptions of stakeholders and leadusers of the adoption of innovative antimicrobial PLA "lms, the researchers conducted in-depthinterviews and used questionnaires. The target group for the study was the experts in the bio-basedmaterials and food industry. The effects of climate change mean that it is becoming increasinglyimportant for individuals to reduce their carbon footprints. Combining the concepts of bio-basedplastics with active packaging properties results an innovative product which is not only environ-mentally friendly, but also is attractive to consumers. Consequently, consumers may push for theuse of bio-based packaging materials as an alternative to materials produced from non-renewablesources. In this paper, we report on the factors that in"uence the commercialization of bioplastics bydescribing the use of innovative food packaging "lms in the processed meat industry as an exam-ple. Research on the role of stakeholders in the value chain, consumer demand for bioproducts,barriers to commercialization, supplier customer linkages, technology transfer, government policyand the acceptance of product premiums are all summarized herein.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether rocuronium, a reversible neuromuscular blocking agent, would provide safe, short-term immobilization to facilitate endotracheal intubation in turtles.

DESIGN
Prospective study.

ANIMALS
30 healthy adult Gulf Coast box turtles.

PROCEDURE
Turtles were given rocuronium, and responses were recorded every 3 minutes. Times to onset of effects, intubation, and recovery were recorded and analyzed for associations with dose and patient characteristics to determine an optimal dose range. Neostigmine and glycopyrrolate were given to augment recovery from neuromuscular blockade.

RESULTS
Rocuronium administered at a dose of 0.25 to 0.5 mg/kg (0.11 to 0.23 mg/lb), IM, permitted intubation; lower doses were not effective. Mean +/- SD time to loss of the palpebral reflex was 6.4 +/- 4.0 minutes, and mean time to intubation was 9.2 +/- 6.4 minutes. Mean time to return of the palpebral reflex was 44 +/- 13.2 minutes, and mean time to walking was 55 +/- 16.6 minutes. Time to onset of effects was not associated with dose, but recovery times were prolonged with higher doses of rocuronium. Cardiac arrhythmias were observed in 13 (43%) turtles.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Administration of rocuronium at a dose of 0.25 to 0.5 mg/kg is a safe and effective adjunct to general anesthesia in Gulf Coast box turtles. Because rocuronium does not provide any analgesic or sedative effects, the duration of neuromuscular blockade without anesthesia should be minimized to avoid undue distress.


We present the analysis of two analog modelling experiments that
studied the processes related to deformation in syntectonic "en echelon"
dykes. The analogue materials used are white plasticine for the brittle-ductile
host rock, and partially molten chocolate couverture for the melted dykes.The
results show the highly heterogeneous distribution of strain around the
deforming dykes due to the strong competence contrast between the
materials. Dykes stretch and rotate at a higher rate than the host material.
The higher strain is concentrated at the tips and the outer margins of the
dyke, where shear zones localize. New fractures grow and propagate across
dyke overlapping zones. The differences in the initiation and evolution of
ductile and brittle structures between the two experiments are related to the
initial arrangement of the dyke system (within the shortening or the
extensional strain field ). This work gives insight into the relations between
structures found in syntectonic dykes and the process and conditions
responsible for it developing in nature.


Abstract Only a few studies of nursing turnover have examined post-acute home health care. This study examines factors that are associated with home health licensed nurse turnover using linked employee-level and patient-level data from one of the five largest home health companies in the US. The data include variables from human resources and payroll systems, visit logs, discharge records, physical and mental health assessments, care plans, and patient encounters and is organized at the employee-day level. We measured turnover using human resources data, including measures of voluntary and involuntary job separation, and from exit interviews that allow classification of whether turnover was associated with agency-related factors (e.g., pay, schedule, supervisor, coworkers) versus personal factors (e.g., family needs, relocation). In bivariate and multivariate analyses, explanatory variables included nurse demographics, patient population characteristics, and the degree to which nurses can delegate tasks to home care aides. We found a downward trend in turnover for licensed nurses between 2016 and 2019. Attrition in the first year was 34% for full-time nurses and 45% for part-time nurses, most of it occurring in the first 180 days of employment. The rate of voluntary turnover was nearly four times as great as involuntary turnover. We found that agency factors accounted for 26% of monthly turnover on average, while personal factors accounted for 74%. In states in which licensed nurses could delegate more tasks to home care aides, turnover rates were slightly higher than in states with little delegation.


An evaluation has been made for using the Oxide Washer to wash water-soluble materials out of impure Pu oxide. It is found that multiple washes are needed to reduce the water-soluble materials to very low levels in the impure Pu oxides. The removal of the wash water from the Oxide Washer is accompanied by particulates of the impure Pu oxide, which subsequently need to be filtered out. In spite of the additional filtration needed, the overall level of manpower required for processing is still only about one third of that for an all-manual operation.


Introduction In 1986, O. J. Ginther stated that "gray-scale diagnostic ultrasonography is the most profound technological advance in the field of large animal research and clinical reproduction since the introduction of transrectal palpation and radioimmunoassay of circulating hormones." (Ginther, 1986). Transition of ultrasound technology from a specialized research tool to a practical tool for managing reproduction on dairy farms has already begun. Early integration of ultrasound technology to the cattle industry included applications such as transvaginal follicular aspiration and oocyte recovery (Meintjes et al., 1993; Pieterse et al., 1988; Pieterse et al., 1991) and as a complementary technology for embryo transfer procedures. These applications, however, are specialized and will not likely constitute widespread use of ultrasound technology.


The results are described of a series of current conduction tests with a thermal control blanket to which grounding straps have been attached. The material and the ground strap attachment procedure are described. The current conduction tests consisted of a surge current examination of the ground strap and a dilute flow, energetic electron deposition and transport through the bulk of the insulating film of this thermal blanket material. Both of these test procedures were used previously with thermal control blanket materials.


A new family of highly active olefin polymerization catalysts based on titanium−tungsten heterobimetallic dinitrogen complexes, [Cp'TiCl2(μ-N2)WCl(L)4] (1; L = PMe2Ph, 1/2 R2PCH2CH2PR2; R = Et, Ph), has been developed, in which the tungsten dinitrogen fragment acts as a novel metallonitrogen ligand to the catalytically active titanium center. Alkylation of 1d (Cp' = C5Me5, L = 1/2 Et2PCH2CH2PEt2) with MeLi gave di- and trimethyl derivatives 2d and 3d, which were structurally characterized.


Four concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) of smoke water extract beside tap water as control were used as soil drenching during seed germination and seedlings growth of pepper, tomato, carrot, onion, celery and lettuce cultivated in greenhouse, or in combination with foliar spray to study its effects on the productivity of Phaseolus vulgaris in an open field. The results indicated that all smoke water concentrations encouraged seed germination percentage and rate of pepper, celery and lettuce. However, both tomato and onion seeds positively responded to smoke water at the concentration of 1.0% compared to highly concentrated (1.5% and 2%), which causes an inhibitory effect. Meanwhile, the low level of smoke water (0.5%) was sufficient to obtain superior values on carrot seeds germination tests compared to the other levels. Also, the results indicated that the high concentration of smoke water extract (2%) was enough to support pepper, carrot and lettuce seedlings growth parameters expressed as height, fresh and dry weight, number of leaves and chlorophyll content. On the other side, all smoke water levels had negative effects on tomato, onion and celery seedlings growth. The maximum results of snap bean vegetative growth, green pod yield and the accumulation of plant dry matter percentage were obtained using smoke water at the 1.5% level as foliar spray combined with soil drenching. Meanwhile, the high level of smoke water (2%) led to a decrease in snap bean vegetative growth, total green pod (ton/fed), pod characters and pod chemical contents in the two seasons.


From the aspect of users,it researches on the space utilization rate,the sophistication of landscape infrastructure and the activity environment,points out the advantages and disadvantages of Xiuye square,so as to provide scientific reference for future campus square design.


Alberto Alesina and Francesco Giavazzi's book The Future of Europe asserts that Europe will inevitably decline economically and politically unless it adopts very large scale reforms that transform its markets and institutions into similar ones of the United States (US). The book argues that economic decline is already in progress. While the GDP per capita in Europe was 80 per cent of US GDP per capita in the late 1980s, it has recently dropped to 70 per cent. By Europe, the authors mean continental Western Europe, excluding the Scandinavian countries. Recent debt crises in Greece and Ireland that have required a European bailout along with serious financial difficulties currently experienced in Portugal, Spain, Italy and recently Belgium increase the importance of the analyses and recommendations of the book. The continuing financial problems of these countries threaten the Euro Zone, a very important step that the European Union has taken towards strengthening the market economy. Alesina and Giavazzi organize their book in 14 chapters ranging from ''Europe and the United States: Two Different Social Models'' to ''Americans at Work, Europeans on Holiday'' to ''A Wake up Call for Europeans''. According to the authors, the European social model, influenced by Marxist tradition, views market-induced inequality as a major evil and assumes massive government intervention to save people from poverty. However, the generosity of European welfare systems has caused financial problems for government budgets, created overprotected groups (''insiders'') against change, and introduced a cycle in which considerably higher taxes and regulations create more demand for the redistribution of income, taxation, and regulation. This is an important reason why Europeans work on average 400 hours less than Americans. The authors assert that high labor income taxation and union driven regulations along with the heavy cost of immigrants contribute to an expensive welfare state while discouraging innovation and productivity. The authors argue that European governments must stand up to unions to create labor market flexibility that has an important share in Europe's relative stagnation. According to the authors, labor market rigidity is also a major reason for 14 million unemployed people in Europe. High dismissal costs, union protection and labor laws encourage the retention of unproductive employees instead of redirecting them to sectors where they can be more effective. Speaking highly of the Scandinavian experience, the authors are not against unemployment subsidies, but want to make sure that the subsidies should not discourage unemployed people from finding new jobs. Alesina and Giavazzi think that besides political opposition to reforms by protected groups and their allies, insufficient innovation is the second important reason for the European economic decline. According to the authors, Europe is illprepared to innovate and is far from the technological frontier, in comparison to the US. Europe's failure to create innovative universities and firms greatly contributes to this problem. The best minds prefer the US over Europe for work and study, while an effective immigration policy cannot be Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis, Vol. 13, No. 3, 341–343, June 2011


We report an effectively single-moded, 1.7km long hollow core Nested Antiresonant Nodeless Fiber (NANF) with record-low 0.28dB/km loss from 1510 to 1600nm, which further reduces the loss gap with standard all-glass single mode fibers.


Reliable, robust methods for separation of granular materials that operate independent of gravity level would be useful for many applications in space exploration. Utilizing centrifugal force as the primary body-force, combined with shearing flow and vibratory motion the centrifugal-sieve separator can provide efficient gravity-levelindependent size classification of granular feedstock like lunar regolith. A test apparatus has been built using a size-separating screen at the outside of the flow that will separate particles, with the fines passing through the outer wall screen, and the coarse material passing axially through the continuous feed system. The test apparatus is designed for semi-autonomous operation during reduced-gravity flights, and/or under vacuum conditions.


IL‐7 is produced by stromal cells in bone marrow and is a major regulator of B and T lymphopoiesis. It is also a direct inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis in vitro. In this study we show that IL‐7–deficient mice have increased OC and decreased trabecular bone volume compared with WT mice but mimic WT mice in the amount of trabecular but not cortical bone lost after ovariectomy.


Objective To investigate the role of apoptosis-related gene survivin, caspase-3 and cyclin-B1 in gastric carcinoma by detecting the expressions of survivin, caspase-3 and cyclin-B1 in gastric carcinoma. Methods The expressions of survivin mRNA, caspase-3 mRNA and cyclin-B1 mRNA were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method in 30 gastric carcinoma specimens and 10 normal gastric tissue specimens. Results The positive expression rate of survivin mRNA in 30 gastric carcinoma specimens was 66.7%(20/30). While 10 normal gastric tissue specimens did not express survivin mRNA. Although all of 30 gastric carcinoma tissues and 10 normal gastric tissues expressed caspase-3 mRNA and cyclin-B1 mRNA, the expressions of caspase-3 and cyclin-B1 in 20 survivin-positive gastric carcinoma tissues were significantly lower than those of 10 survivin-negative gastric carcinoma tissues (P0.01) and 10 normal gastric tissues (P0.01). The expressions of caspase-3 mRNA and cyclin-B1 mRNA in 10 survivin-negative gastric carcinoma tissues were significantly lower than those of 10 normal gastric tissues (P0.01). And in gastric carcinoma tissues the expression of survivin mRNA was negatively related with that of caspase-3 mRNA (r=-0.923,P0.01) and cyclin-B1 mRNA (r=-0.886,P 0.01), the expression of caspase-3 mRNA was positively related with that of cyclin-B1 mRNA (r=0.892, P 0.01). Conclusion survivin enhances gastric tumorigenesis, caspase-3 and cyclin-B1 inhibit gastric tumorigenesis.


This paper recommends the billet ladle-puller of independent innovation,in which a mechanical lift and moving system and swing wheel structure,PLC controlling the speed are adopted so that the system is simple,reliable,easy to maintain and meets the requirements of the heating furnace,discharge conveyer,the arrangement of the building space and ensures the surface quality of the plate produced.


Welded joint generally has heterogeneity of strength, material, and fracture toughness. It is important to understand the characteristics of material strength and fracture in welded joint considering plastic constraint effect due to material heterogeneity. Furthermore, the material behavior becomes more complicated when welded joint receives dynamic loading like as earthquake. In this paper, the characteristics of strength and fracture in undermatched joints with strength heterogeneity under dynamic loading were studied by round-bar tension tests and thermal elastic-plastic analysis. These strength and fracture in undermatched joints are evaluated by considering the effects of strain rate and temperature including temperature rise due to rapid plastic deformation. The differences of fracture characteristics such as ductile-to-brittle transition behavior are considered from the plastic constraint effect and strain rate effect, and they are precisely explained in terms of the stress-strain distribution obtained by numerical analysis.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


A critical success factor for ubiquitous user interfaces is the extent to which they can adapt to changing situations. Currently, the adaptive behavior of such user interfaces is defined by designers and developers at design time. However, what designers might have sketched to be a useful adaptation could be perceived by users as a disturbing system behavior or an adaptation that does not match with user's expectation. Thus, in this paper we introduce our approach to enhance the trust of the user into automatic context sensitive layout generation.


Lakes—quintessential features of Earth's surface prized from perspectives of water security, aquatic ecosystems, and recreation alike—are shrinking in water‐limited regions of all of Earth's inhabited continents. Here we assessed Landsat‐derived long‐term decrease in global lake area relative to historical lake extent aiming to determine the role of recent Anthropocene levels of irrigated agriculture in the global phenomenon of lake desiccation. As of 2015, 11% (1.8 · 105km2) of global lake area has already been lost, primarily due to increased water consumption in support of irrigated agriculture in endorheic basins within water‐limited regions. However, current levels of irrigated agriculture portend substantial additional shrinkage of global lakes before reaching new equilibria with present‐day inflows, with an additional 60–130% increase in endorheic lake loss anticipated. The time required for shrinking lakes to attain new equilibria ranges from decades to centuries depending on lake hyposometry. Even a small decrease in lake area can portend lake transition from exorheic to endorheic and dramatic reductions in water quality. Thus, lake area changes severely understate the perilous condition of global lakes. The watershed area contributing to shrinking (endorheic and exorheic) lakes accounts for 18% of Earth's land area, far too large for the irrigated agriculture therein to be transferred elsewhere in order to save these lakes, though continued developments in the efficiency of water consumption in agriculture and urban areas can save significant quantities of water. This suggests that global lake shrinkage may be a harbinger signaling mankind having exceeded Earth's sustainable carrying capacity.


Research background: In the last few years, e-commerce market has increased in population shares, but the situation has changed dramatically since the Covid-19 pandemic. Electronic marketplaces have changed due to rapid digitalization and shopping. Online services offer the possibility to choose a different delivery method such as home delivery or out-of-home delivery. This aspect of the e-commerce market faces an increased interest among practitioners and academia in the field of sustainable last mile deliveries. Interestingly, the subject literature consists of papers analyzing the e-commerce impact on the last-mile delivery. However, the identification of factors for choosing a delivery method and factors that motivate e-customers to choose an eco-friendly delivery method is still an unrecognized field of research.
Purpose of the article: The authors of the paper focused on the e-customer perspective on sustainable deliveries in cities. Thus, the main purpose of the paper is to compare factors among the generations that motivate e-customers for choosing a delivery method.
Methods: The research was conducted among 1.110 e-customers in Poland in 2021. The paper aims to answer the following research question: what factors motivate each generation for choosing a delivery method? To answer the above-mentioned question, the correspondence analysis (MCA) is prepared that help to identify and compare factors in each generation.
Findings & value added: The original research procedure focused on the use of multivariate statistical methods in the study of e-customers' preferences. The analysis revealed three clusters of e-customers in terms of pro-sustainable factors: (a) aged 65+ without pro-sustainable tendency, (b) aged 18–64 with pro-sustainable attitudes, and (c) mixed with no identified delivery preferences. As a result of the research, it can be concluded that the parcel price and the possibility of free return are still the most important factors in choosing the delivery method. From a business/practical perspective, the research results can be used by companies that are the main stakeholders in last mile deliveries, including mainly forwarders and transport companies.


The aging of an industrial thermoplastic elastomer polyurethane (TPU)-coated fabric, based on a polyether diol and an aromatic diisocyanate, is studied in artificial weathering tests. It is noticed that the degradation of this TPU-coated fabric leads to a weight loss, to the formation of a reticulated layer in sample surface, and to a change of surface relief. The degradation layer and the surface relief have been observed by optical microscopy. The weight loss has been followed with aging time. The main degradation products causing weight loss are volatile. Therefore, they have been analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The weight loss degradation takes place in the exposed part of the reticulated layer by volatile products emission, which implies the urethane and the polyether bonds. Water is involved in degradation process: without external water supply, weight loss is limited; with a permanent contact of vapor or liquid water, the weight loss rate is constant and depends on aging conditions.


In this paper, a new species of the genus Macrocheles is described and figured. Macrocheles jiangsuensis sp. nov. (figs. 1-9)Female (figs. 1-5)This new species resembles Macrocheles nataliae Breg. et Corel., 1960, but its female differs from the latter in D2-D6, Ⅰ and F2 setae being simple; the length of sternal plate longer than its width; the ventro-anal plate gradually expanded and reduced posteriorly; the meta-sternal plate slender and femur Ⅳ with two dilated pilose bell shap (fig. 5).Holotype female, allotype male and paratype 7 females, 4 males were collected off the litters of Apodemus agrarius in May 1984, from Danyang County (32°N, 119.5°E), Jiangsu Province. Type species are deposited in the Department of Parasitology, Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, China.


This presentation explores the effect of transducer directivity on the focusing properties of time reversal acoustics. Time reversal is a signal processing technique that can be used to focus sound to a location in space for source reconstruction, communication, and intentional sound focusing. One loudspeaker and one microphone are used to produce a time reversal focus in a reverberation chamber. The primary axis of the loudspeaker is oriented in various different directions to produce a time reversal focus for each orientation. Since source directivity depends on the frequency of the sound emitted, these experiments are conducted for a low frequency band and a high frequency band such that these two frequency bands have fairly different directivities. Properties of these foci are compared to determine the overall effect of directivity on the time reversal focus.


Racism remains a pervasive problem in society. Beyond iconic photographs that capture a distinct moment in history that prompt reflection on racism, art can be a powerful prompt to encourage society to reflect on this persistent difficult truth. Norman Rockwell and Samuel Bak reconfigured highly recognized photographs into portraits with the intention to explore questions about racism. The photographs and the art they inspired feature a single child in the midst of surrounding racism. Through the use of these images, Rockwell and Bak move audiences beyond the immediate consideration of racism, toward healing, and to future transformation.


If several harmonic excitations of different frequencies act on a non-linear vibratory system, and if the sum or differences of the excitations is close to the natural frequency of the system, the system may resonate and a vibration at a frequency equal to the sum or difference of the exciting frequencies may occur; this is known as a combination tone. This paper considers the case of a rotating shaft system supported in ball bearings, where various forces due to unbalance of the rotor, irregularity of the balls, and so on, act and produce combination tones. The characteristics of various types of combination tone are discussed experimentally and theoretically.


This paper focusses on the application of simulation techniques to the detection part of a re detection system. The behaviour of the detection algorithm in re and nonnre situations is the point of interest. Especially the latter aspect has to be stressed in light of the currently developing multi sensor detection technology. Desirable simulation results are the detection times and probabilities in the re case and the false alarm rate in the nonnre case. A way to obtain these is to model all relevant input and output signals of the detection algorithm, then run a computer simulation using the models and estimate the desired parameters from the simulation results. The principal approach, prerequisites, chances, and limits of this simulation technique will be discussed.


An empirical semi-classical model have been proposed to investigate the nature of dynamic moment-of-inertia , of the super-deformed (SD) bands in nuclei of mass 150 region. The model incorporates an additional frequency dependent distortion, to the dynamic moment-of-inertia term akin to a vibrational component to explain the extreme spin structure of these bands. Using this model two separate components to the dynamic moment of inertia, $\Im^{(2)}$ have been identified for the SD band structure for the mass 150 region. Three distinct nature of the moment-of-inertia, also have been identified using the two parameter model.


Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach has been widely accepted in current second language classrooms. One of the key elements of CLT is its...


This paper analyzes the understanding of in-street pedestrian crossing signs and the signing preferences of pedestrians and drivers at university campus crosswalks. These perceptions are contrasted with a safety assessment based on field data collected at crosswalks with in-street signs and at crosswalks with other types of treatments. Two opinion surveys, one for pedestrians and one for drivers, were conducted to document and analyze perceptions and preferences. In addition, pedestrian and driver behavior including yield rates, courtesy yield, and pedestrian looking behavior, together with pedestrian-vehicle conflicts, were evaluated based on field data from intersection and midblock locations. Results indicate that in-street pedestrian crossing signs are perceived by both pedestrians and drivers as significantly safer than other pedestrian signs, but only 50% of them correctly understand the meaning of the signs. The other half has different degrees of misunderstanding that may create false sense of security, thereby increasing the potential for pedestrian-vehicle conflicts. Field data showed that at locations with in-street driver yield rates were significantly higher (over 80% of lead pedestrians were yielded) than with typical pedestrian signs; the occurrence of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts at crosswalks with the in-street signs was comparable to marked crosswalks (4% at intersections, 2.4% at midblocks); and a slightly lower percentage of pedestrians looked both ways before crossing the street.


Recently, Abdussamatov (2012) claimed that a period of deep (>1.0 o C) global cooling–a new Little Ice Age–will begin soon. The question of future climate variability is not merely of scientific interest but of huge significance for the wellbeing of mankind. We examine here in detail the statements of Abdussamatov (2012), which have received appreciable response in the popular media. We revealed that the prediction of a significant drop in global temperature in the next few decades has poor scientific basis. We conclude that this cooling projection is based on: (a) a number of either arbitrary or erroneous assumptions, (b) lack or ignorance of experimental data, (c) and a more or less flawed forecasting technique. Possible scenarios of future climatic variation are discussed.


Kriging is one of the most often used prediction methods in spatial data analysis. This paper examines which steps of the underlying algorithms can be performed in parallel on a PVM cluster. It will be shown, that some properties of the so called kriging equations can be used to improve the parallelized version of the algorithm. The implementation is based on R and PVM. An example will show the impact of dierent parameter settings and cluster configurations on the computing performance.


It discloses a path planning device and a method of generating a robot path plan for controlling the movement of the robot. By applying the RRT algorithm improved upon, expand the tree to satisfy the constraint in configuration space can be applied to the tree that hastily kkeokyi or less bypassed contain concise and smooth natural motion demands a portion of the robot. Path, trajectory, motion, robotics, RRT algorithm


The purpose of this study is to estimate both quantitatively and qualitatively, the worker and societal risks attributable to four photovoltaic cell (solar cell) production processes. Quantitative risk values were determined by use of statistics from the California semiconductor industry. The qualitative risk assessment was performed using a variety of both governmental and private sources of data. The occupational health statistics derived from the semiconductor industry were used to predict injury and fatality levels associated with photovoltaic cell manufacturing. The use of these statistics to characterize the two silicon processes described herein is defensible from the standpoint that many of the same process steps and materials are used in both the semiconductor and photovoltaic industries. These health statistics are less applicable to the gallium arsenide and cadmium sulfide manufacturing processes, primarily because of differences in the materials utilized. Although such differences tend to discourage any absolute comparisons among the four photovoltaic cell production processes, certain relative comparisons are warranted. To facilitate a risk comparison of the four processes, the number and severity of process-related chemical hazards were assessed. This qualitative hazard assessment addresses both the relative toxicity and the exposure potential of substances in the workplace. In addition to themore » worker-related hazards, estimates of process-related emissions and wastes are also provided.« less


Traditional correlative matching algorithm is too slow to meet the real time requirement.We analyzed the target characteristics in infrared image and proposed an improved Sequence Similar Detection Arithemetic(SSDA).The algorithm made full use of edge feature and grey scale information of the image,which could decrease the calculation cost while keeping the matching accuracy.The introduction of monotone descending sequence increased the calculation speed further.


Abstract This paper presents the kinematic structure of a cold frontal rainband associated with a secondary cold front which moved over southwest of France on 4 June 1984. Observations were performed during the French cooperative field experiment LANDES-FRONTS 84 and data used in the present study come primarily from dual Doppler radar, upper air soundings, surface meteorological mesonetwork and satellite imagery. The mesoscale reflectivity field is characterized by a 80 km-wide rainband oriented along the surface front and normal to the vertical shear of the horizontal wind with precipitation cores (spaced 30–40 km apart) elongated in the direction of this shear. It appears that both synoptic ascent (Warm Conveyor Belt), slantwise convection along the tilted frontal zone and upright convection in the first 10 km at the leading edge of the system are present. The characteristics of the rainband are analyzed in terms of the relevant dynamical mechanisms, including (i) the frontogenetical forcing of the pre...


Remedies Cases and Materials in Australian Private Law presents a selection of cases and legislation to introduce students to the remedies available under Australian law. It offers the depth and context required to understand and analyse the application of private law remedies. Developed to accompany the second edition of Remedies in Australian Private Law, and following its accessible and systematic structure, this casebook contains carefully curated extracts from landmark cases, legislation and secondary sources. The selected extracts offer a comprehensive yet concise guide to the application of remedies. Each chapter includes clear explanations of topics and links to material in the principles text, along with flowcharts and diagrams to summarise complex cases and concepts. Review questions encourage students to analyse decisions from important cases and test their knowledge. Written by an expert author team, Remedies Cases and Materials in Australian Private Law is an invaluable resource which enables students to understand remedial law.


In a number of letters, Paul urges his readers to imitate certain examples. The principal models are those of himself, Christ and God, but he also directs the attention of his readers to the behaviour of other individuals, and occasionally reminds them of the example of other churches. In addition to these injunctions to be imitators, there are also exhortations that his readers become 'models' for others to imitate. It would seem that both to imitate appropriate examples and to be an example to others are commendable characteristics of the Christian life. In recent years, questions have been asked regarding the motivation behind Paul's use of these injunctions. This article seeks to reconsider the relevant Pauline texts and evaluate the author's use of the mimesis motif


In the nineties, a number of performances - Peter Sellars' Persians, Olivier Py's Requiem pour Srebenica and Groupov' s Rwanda 94 - and of theatrical texts - Gabily's Violences, Lagarce's J'etais dans ma maison etj'attendais que la pluie vienne, and Kermann's La Mastication des marts, explore the problematics of death and disappearance through the use of different modalities of the theatrical chorus.


ABSTRACT For decades, cytostatic drugs have been widely used in chemotherapy. However, many of these chemicals are classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic compounds, triggering widespread concerns about the drug-related occupational exposure and eco-toxicological risks to the environment. Moreover, cytostatics cannot be successfully removed from wastewater by conventional mechanical-biological wastewater treatment, which is due to the physicochemical properties of these drugs, e.g. low value of octanol-water partition coefficient (logKo/w), high solubility in water, low biodegradability, and sensitivity to photolysis. The present work is a review of data concerning the removal of cytostatic drugs by means of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that were reported in the period 2005–2016. Until now, AOPs-based methods for the cytostatic drug removal from water and wastewater, such as ozonation, UV/oxidant, UV/Fenton reaction, UV/photocatalyst, and electrochemical oxidation at active and non-active anodes, have been investigated. In this paper, we review the effectiveness of AOPs in the removal of cytostatic drugs from aqueous media. Moreover, we discuss the mechanisms of cytostatic drug decomposition based on the identified intermediates. The analysis of biodegradability and eco-toxicity of effluents after AOPs-based treatments is also presented.


With the rise of ubiquitous computing, the use of research in-the-wild approach in both Ubicomp and HCI context has become more viable, but not without its challenges. End-users and communities can be great beneficiaries of such an approach if actively involved in the process from an early stage and throughout the whole process. We start by presenting a future case study, the Cue Band study, which revolves around the creation of a wristband cueing device for people with Parkinson's that experience drooling. We present an approach for research in-the-wild, which draws on participatory action research theory, that places the end-user at the centre of the process, aiming to first and for most to create a workable product for the end-user, before engaging in a formal study. In the last section, we explore the appropriation of existing open-source hardware for in-the-wild research, by describing problems and solutions associated with developing Ubicomp technologies for large-scale studies.


Objective:Enhancing the degree of reliability of the consequence of evaluation on uncertainty for a laboratory under the circumstance without changing the existing laboratorial system of the verification of duplicate sample.Methods:The uncertainty was evaluated by making full use of repetitiveness data of 12 batches of all previous routine inspection.Results:The result of all previous routine inspection was U=3.6 %,k=2,veff=15;The result of single routine inspection was U=3.9 %,k=2,veff =0.004.Conclusions:The degree of reliability of the consequence of the evaluation on uncertainty of the previous routine inspection data is 3750 times as the single.


Abstract A novel distributed intelligent system has been designed to control aerodynamic instabilities caused by stall and surge in variable geometry axial turbo compressors. The multiagent control system autonomously adjusts the angles of individual vanes and optimizes compressor efficiency.


Orthognathic surgery is thought to have a great impact on aesthetic appearance and psychology, and there are also cases where mental illness appears after surgery. Anorexia nervosa is a mental disorder characterized by per-sistent caloric intake restriction and a strong fear of weight gain and becoming obese; treatments include behavioral therapy. We report on the safe perioperative management without worsening of anorexia nervosa successfully treated by behavioral therapy with orthognathic surgery. The case was a 32-year-old female. A clinical diag-nosis of skeletal mandibular prognathism as a chief complaint was made; we aimed to improve her occlusal position, and so decided to perform surgical orthodontic treatment. There was a history of cleft palate, anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging, and attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. All treatment in a behavioral therapy program for psychosomatic medicine of another hospital was interrupted, and the body weight dropped to 20kg one year before the jaw corrective surgery. Aiming to increase weight for surgery a few months before surgery, she was hospitalized in another department of psychosomatic medicine. When her weight increased to 35kg and meals of up to 1,600kcal/day could be eaten, it was judged that surgery was possible. Body weight at the time of hospitalization was 34.5kg, and on the day after hospitalization, bilateral sagittal split ramus osteot-omy was performed under general anesthesia, and postoperative sedation was attempted with dexmedetomidine until the day after surgery. In addition, the bone frag-ment was fixed to a metal plate, and after arousal, only intermaxillary rubber towing was performed. During hospitalization, no restrictions were imposed on drinking of water and favorite foods except during the fasting and prohibition of drinking water due to general anesthesia, and they were consumed mainly when the patient was able to ingest. Nutrition started with a high nutrient fluid diet from the day after surgery. This was changed to whole porridge and soft meal on the second postoperative day, and she was able to ingest the whole amount at discharge. The weight at the time of discharge was 36.7kg, and overeating or self-induced vomiting was not observed during hospitalization. It was thought that close cooperation with psychosomatic physicians before surgery, and perioperative management for behavioral therapy led to good results.


In this paper a test bench dedicated to the analysis of a lubricated spherical pair is presented. The experimental set-up has been used to validate a numerical code that has been developed by the authors in order to simulate a complex lubricated spherical pair that affects the reliability of a novel continuous variable transmission (CVT). The test bench is modular and can be adapted to other lubricated pairs, either cylindrical or spherical. The stand is equipped with an I/O control card and allows the on-line acquisition of some important parameters. As for the numerical code, the finite-difference method has been used to solve the indirect problem in the lubricated spherical pad, under the condition of hydrodynamic regime, with externally pressurized inlets. Two simulators are needed since the physical properties of the test bench and the real system are different. The one that simulates the behavior of the spherical pair in the test stand has been used to ascertain the numeric approach prediction capability. Indeed, the experimental tests gave results which are in very good correspondence with the numerical predictions. Hence, the second simulator, which has been tailored on the particular spherical pair the CVT is equipped with, gained reliability in predicting the behavior of the real system under different load and speed conditions. These predictions have been useful in achieving new insights into the novel CVT, which, under this new light, has been criticized by making the point that its range of application in automotive is, at the actual state of the art, rather limited, in spite of a high intrinsic complexity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In general, knowledge-intensive data mining methods exploit background knowledge to improve the quality of their results. Then, in knowledge-rich domains often the interestingness of the mined patterns can be increased significantly.

In this paper we categorize several classes of background knowledge for subgroup discovery, and present how the necessary knowledge elements can be modelled. Furthermore, we show how subgroup discovery methods benefit from the utilization of background knowledge, and discuss its application in an incremental process-model. The context of our work is to identify interesting diagnostic patterns to supplement a medical documentation and consultation system. We provide a case study in the medical domain, using a case base from a realworld application.


Biometric information is unique to a human, so it would be desirable to use the biometric characteristic as the private key in a cryptographic system to protect data security and privacy. In this paper, we introduce a notion called two-factor decryption (TFD). Informally speaking, a TFD scheme is a variant of the public-key encryption (PKE) scheme. In a TFD scheme, messages are encrypted under public keys as that in a standard PKE scheme, but both private keys (i.e. the first factor) and biometric inputs (i.e. the second factor) are required to decrypt the ciphertexts and obtain the underlying plaintexts. We first describe a framework of TFD, and then define a formal security model for TFD. Thereafter, we present a generic construction on TFD based on the cryptographic primitives of linear sketch and functional encryption (FE) with certain properties and analyse its security. In addition, we give instantiations of TFD by applying concrete FE schemes into the generic construction and show their applications.


Cover crops (CCs) provide several benefits in row crop production systems. Long-term studies show that the effect of CCs vary with CC species, soil types and cropping systems, and it often takes a long time for CCs to deliver a significant benefit to a particular production system. Comprehensive studies to understand the effectiveness of a mixture of CCs versus single or double CCs are limited. In this study, we evaluated and compared the effect of single CC, double CCs and the soil health mix (SHM, a combination of five species recommended by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)) on soil quality and crop production. The study was conducted at the Research and Education Center in Milan, TN. Soil samples were collected from a 3-year and a 15-year long corn-soybean rotation system integrated with several treatments of CCs. The results showed an increase in soybean yield after 3-years of SHM treatment. SHM treatment also showed a significant increase in the soil moisture content. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and water extractable nitrate content did not change across the cover crop treatments. However, the cereal rye/hairy vetch double species treatment and the SHM increased the inorganic nitrogen content. These differences were observed only from the short-term experiment. Soil properties from the long-term experiment were statistically similar across the single species CC treatments in this experiment. This indicates that SHM, a combination of five CCs, has a good potential for enhancing soil quality and crop yield in the western TN.


The goal of this senior project was to create an easy to use website that will allow people to design and order their own custom skateboard grip tape. Custom skateboard decks are a large business, however the top, more visible, part of the board is largely ignored by custom shops. With the help of a local entrepreneur, I aim to enable skateboarders the ability to get custom grip tape shapes that they can stick on their board to spice it up from the normal black tape that everyone uses. The website was completed over the course of 4 months, in about 50 hours of work.


Objective:To establish a rat model of stable pancreaticoduodenal transplantation.Methods:50 rats received pancreaticoduodenal transplantation using duodenal drainage.12 dead tats were dissected and the causes for death and the complication were analysed.Results:Among anterior 25 cases,10 rats died after operation one week,the survival rate was 60%;among posterior 25 cases only 2 rats died,the one-week survival rate got 92% by improving operation,which can prevent the complications effectively.Conclusion:Most of complications were related with operation.


Objective: To study the relationship between prophylactic hypervolemia and delayed ischemic neurological deficit(DIND) after intracranial aneurysm surgery.Methods: Two hundreds and sixty patients who were diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage and underwent aneurysm surgery were included in this retrospective study.The possibly contributing factors,including gender,age,mean transfusion volume within 3 days postoperatively,preoperative classification,administration of calcium antagonists,application of colloid,operation timing,location of intracranial aneurysm,operation type(clipping or intervention operation) were investigated.The relationship between DIND and the factors mentioned above was analyzed with Logistic regression analysis.Results: No relationship was found between hypervolemia and DIND.The results of Logistic regression analysis indicated only preoperative classification and administration of calcium antagonists were significantly correlated with DIND(P 0.05).Conclusion: Prophylactic hypervolemia could not prevent DIND.The preoperative classification and administration of calcium antagonist is the risk factor and protective factor for DIND,respectively.The probability of postoperative DIND can be effectively predicted by routinely available information.


The overall goal of intelligent home furnishing control system is through the use of computer, network, control and integration technology to build the domain family and even the whole city integrated information service and management system, in order to improve residential high-tech living environment. Optical fiber is mainly composed of three parts: the core, the cladding and the buffer coaTIng. Optical fiber sensor can change its reflection according to the environmental temperature and strain change wavelength. The paper proposes build intelligent home furnishing control system by Microcontroller GSM and Optical fiber sensor. This paper construct intelligent network by using GSM short information system for wireless communication, and using GSM as wireless data transmission network.


Advances in technologies relating to the provision of medical care are rapidly proliferating globally. These advances are being addressed piecemeal through a bevy of new laws, policies and regulati...


Islets of Langerhans in atrophic pancreas of duct-ligated rats have been explanted in organ culture and 47 explants have been studied by electron microscopy. The ultrastructure was essentially preserved for at least 4 weeks of cultivation leaving aside rapidly vanishing degenerative alterations during the first few days in vitro. Two different concentrations of glucose were used (0.1 and 0.4 g/100). At both levels, β cell granules showed increased variability in shape, size and electron density. Even at the higher glucose concentration the number of granules was about the same as at the lower one.


Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplification (OPCPA) is a well established technique to amplify high-energy ultrashort pulses [1]. To improve the compactness, cost, stability and the alignment easiness of these bulky systems, fiber-OPCPA (FOPCPA) systems are a very promising alternative. Their potential [1–3] has already been experimentally reported in the picosecond regime by some of us in Ref. [4] and by Zhou et al. [5] at the same time in the telecommunication windows. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that these experiments can be transposed to 1 µm in the femtosecond regime where most of potential applications are realized [1], thanks to the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) technology. The experimental set-up is fully described in Ref [6]. It is composed of an all-fiber pulsed pump, an Öffner triplet to achieve the signal stretching and a PCF.


Glasses containing Au nanoparticles have been synthesized in the base glass of composition 30Li2O–70B2O3 using gold chloride (HAuCl4.3H2O) as a dopant. The characteristic ruby color has been observed which is attributed due to surface plasmon resonance of the Au nanoparticles. The hue of the color increases with the increase of concentration of the dopant. Presence of the gold nanoparticles has been confirmed by studying the optical absorption spectra in the visible range which show a characteristic absorption peak at ~560nm. XRD and SEM studies show that the addition of Au increases the kinetics of growth and crystallization. ESR studies indicate that the electronic state of gold is either Au 0 or Au + .


In Mexico, chronic renal failure (CRF) is a major public health problem with 4000 new cases per year where the outcome is usually the peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis with high probability of terminal prognosis. This research explored Templer´s Death Anxiety Scale adapted in Mexican subjects by Rivera-Ledesma and Montero-Lopez Lena (2010). The sample consisted of 83 diabetic patients with terminal CRF treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis with a mean age of 53.5 years (SD = 15.3), 71% of the sample were Seniors between 50 and 82 years old. It showed two factors that together accounted for 57.1% of the variance with an internal consistency alpha of .91, partly coinciding with the structure suggested by the adapted version. The two factors and total scale correlated significantly to each other suggesting homogeneity in the construct that determines the instrument. Additionally, the scale correlated significantly with Depression and Anxiety (between .38 and .48, p < .01), discriminating higher levels of these two variables between subjects with low and medium anxiety about death and those with a high degree of this anxiety (F = 5967, df = 2, p =. 004 and F = 7685, df = 2, p =. 001). It is possible to conclude that those subjects with high death anxiety may represent a group characterized by depression and significant anxiety. In addition, differences about sex: Women seem to have a highest average death anxiety (Mean = 26.9, S = 10.5) than men (Mean = 22.8, SD = 7.0, t = 2.04, df = 73.8, p = 0.044). It is desirable to promote psychological assistance to patients with terminal CRF to facilitate their adaptation to the chronic condition.


Chilean universities were classified in various homogeneous groups in terms of their makeup and the heterogeneity among them. This research aims to identify potentially and statistically significant differences among the variables typically used to characterize the Chilean university sector. The analysis is developed for all institutions of higher education that existed in Chile. The results indicate the clear existence of three clusters in higher education institutions, with 13, 2, and 4 universities, respectively; and shows evidence of variables that are not significant in the formation of each of the clusters. The insights from this research provide information to various stakeholders to make better decisions in terms of policy as well as on how to invest resources.


In the AMESim environment,this article establish the simulation model of pressure relief valve by the column and simulation,the column reached the roof in the rapid sinking,receive the valve element's movement curve and curve of the mouth of the pressure and flow curves when the pressure relief valve is overflowed.By analyzing the results of the simulation shows the appropriate increase in the stiffness of the spring,can reduce the oscillation of the spool,to achieve the optimization of pressure relief valve dynamic nature.


Abstract: A μ‐opioid receptor protein (μ‐ORP) purified to homogeneity from bovine striatal membranes has been functionally reconstituted in liposomes with highly purified heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins (G proteins). A mixture of bovine brain G proteins, predominantly GoA, was used for most of the experiments, but some experiments were performed with individual pure G proteins, GoA, GoB, Gi1, and Gi2. Low Km GTPase was stimulated up to 150% by μ‐opioid receptor agonists when both μ‐ORP and a G protein (either the brain G protein mixture or a single heterotrimeric G protein) were present in the liposomes. Stimulation by a selective μ‐agonist was concentration dependent and was reversed by the antagonist (−)‐naloxone, but not by its inactive enantiomer, (+)‐naloxone. The μ selectivity of μ‐ORP was demonstrated by the inability of δ and κ agonists to stimulate GTPase in this system. High‐affinity μ‐agonist binding was also restored by reconstitution with the brain G protein mixture and with each of the four pure Gi and Go proteins studied. The binding of μ agonists is sensitive to inhibition by GTPγS and by sodium.


In order to satisfy some customers in real life that they have some requirements about time during the process of distribution, this paper added the time constraints of the customers based on saving method, and proposed the improved saving method. The model was built, and the model assumptions and constraints was put forward. The objective function was listed and the solving process was given. Taking a vegetable wholesale center for example in Fuxin to analysis, the optimization scheme was put forward. The results show that this method can satisfy the time constraints under the condition of save delivery time, and shorten the distance between distribution, and cost savings. This method optimized the preceding of path optimization method,and join the time constraints which has more realistic significance and helpful to such routing problem solving.


In this presentation, I will discuss how the oligodendrocyte responds to chronic injury, either from processes that affect the cells themselves or from those damaging the axon. The mechanics of remyelination will not be discussed. Cuprizone demyelination, whch remains a very good model of easily traceable, consistent demyelination is achieved by poisoning all ohgodendrocytes, with no damage to other cell types. This latter point is emphasized because of its relevance to multiple sclerosis (MS). In their elegant previous presentations, both Lassmann et al [l] and Raine 121 have shown chronic MS plaques with very heavy ghosis in some cases separating a background of sparse axons. In cuprizone demyelination however, the axons are all left intact and in place, and the interstitium consists of relatively mild gliosis. I c is important to distinguish between the two situations, as the degree of axonal injury or loss will have implications for remyelination. In the Cuprizone model, when the toxin is removed, almost complete remyelination occurs with thinly remyelinated sheaths around axons. In a similar manner, in typical MS plaques there are thinly remyelinated axons at the edges; the point should be made again that in this location, the interstitium is not all that dissimilar to that seen in the Cuprizone model, with many axons and very little in the way of ghosis. In looking at the requirements for remyelination, it has become clear that the first obvious necessity is the need for the provision of adequate numbers of oligodendrocytes. Whether these are derived from immature cells or from surviving or mature oligodendrocytes has been touched on by some of the other speakers and will be discussed later. Cells may arise from endogenous cells, or from exogenously grafted cells, which is what Dr Van Evercooren will discuss. Second, the oligodendrocyte or its precursor has to be able to migrate and actually reach and extend processes to reach the axon. Third, oligodendrocytes have to adhere to axons, and finally there is a very complex oligodendrocyte-axon signaling, which will be discussed later. It is important to test, in the intact animal, the resilience of the endogenous oligodendrocyte system as a whole, in addition to determining the regeneration capacities of individual cells at different maturational stages. One has to ask not only what cells survive, but also whether the cells are surviving a direct attack on the myelin or oligodendrocyte, or whether there is, in addition, an indirect effect secondary to axonal damage? What cells can proliferate? What functional reserve do these cells have after they have proliferated? Are oligodendrocytes involved in other functions such as phagocytosis, which may compromise their capacity to recover and remyelinate? Finally, a very important question to be answered, as we have seen from MS, is whether myelination always follows in situations where axons and oligodendrocytes are present. Dealing with the last issue first, in collaboration with Dr Szuchet we looked at mixed cultures of dorsal root ganglia cells from the rat to which were added, in the first instance, rat gllal cells C31. In these cultures good compact myelin is easily made. When the experiments were repeated with highly purified mature sheep oligodendrocytes, we found the following things. The cells adhere very well and preferentially to the axons rather than to the collagen bed. This selective adherence has been described before. Subsequently, as has been shown before, the act of adherence immediately stimulates these cells to start production of myelin proteins, in this case, specifically myelin basic protein (MBP), although other myelination proteins may also be produced. Further experiments show that proliferation of these cells occurs, both when they are first seeded onto neurons and axons and also when they are established in culture and futther dorsal root ganglia neurons are added. Therefore, these cells can accomplish the necessary prerequisites for myelination; i.e., they adhere preferentially, they turn on their proteins, they proliferate. However, although they wrapped spirally around the axons with inner and outer tongues in the characteristic manner, the last step was not complete and they did not make compact myelin. There are a small number of phagocytes, macro-


Virginia Woolf once described Thomas Hardy's mind "flashing its light fitfully and capriciously like a lantern swinging in a hand" ("Half of Thomas Hardy," Nation and Athenaeum 24 Nov. 1928, 289). There's nothing fitful or capricious about Roger Ebbatson's mind, but Woolf's simile kept returning to me as I was reading Landscape and Literature 1830–1914: Nature, Text, Aura. In the introduction to this excellent study, it is Theodor Adorno, appropriately, who is called upon to describe Ebbatson's distinctive concerns and method here and in his previous ventures in the "critical juxtaposition" of continental philosophy and nineteenthand early twentieth-century English literature (5). Interpretation, Adorno writes, "does not meet up with a fixed meaning which already lies behind the question, but lights it up suddenly and momentarily" (qtd. in Ebbatson 3). The crucial concept for Ebbatson's study is "that of the dialectical image which, in Benjamin's formulation, is an image that emerges suddenly, in a flash, an image . . . manifesting itself in the 'now of its recognisability'": an image "wherein what has been comes together in a flash with the now to form a constellation" (14). Only in such flashes can we see what a work of art from the past is revealing to us about us, and see what only we can see in that same work of art from where we stand. But the work of art is only the half of it. In Woolf's description of Hardy's mind, the lantern flashes its light across a human landscape. This is the real focus of Landscape and Literature 1830–1914, which combines the phenomenology of Martin Heidegger and Maurice Merleau-Ponty and the "inflected Marxian analysis founded in [the] Frankfurt theorisation" of Adorno and Walter Benjamin (7). Hence the key word in Ebbatson's subtitle: "aura." This familiar but still perplexing term of Benjamin's describes a cluster of ideas that he kept working at over a long period. The best known of these ideas is that from "The Work of Art in the Age of its Mechanical Reproducibility" (1936): in Miriam Hansen's words, "the particular qualities of traditional art that [Benjamin] observed waning in modernity, associated with the singular status of the artwork, its authority, authenticity, and unattainability" ("Benjamin's Aura," Critical Inquiry 34.2 [2008], 336). Ebbatson is most interested in the wider aesthetic implications of the idea of the aura—which is nevertheless always fading or withering—as "a form of perception that 'invests' or endows a phenomenon with the 'ability to look back at us,' to open its eyes or 'lift its gaze'" (339). Benjamin's emphasis on the subjective act of perception as that which invests a phenomenon with the capacity to "return the gaze" is crucial to our experience of nature in


Atopic dermatitis (atopic eczema) is the most common inflammatory skin disease and has a significant burden on the quality of life of patients, families and caregivers. Its pathogenesis is a complex interplay between genetics and environment, involving impaired skin barrier function, immune dysregulation primarily involving the Th2 inflammatory pathway, itch, and skin microbiome. Restoration of skin barrier integrity with regular emollients and prompt topical anti‐inflammatory therapies are mainstays of treatment. Systemic therapy is considered for moderate to severe disease. New understanding of inflammatory pathways and developments in targeted systemic immunotherapies have significantly advanced atopic dermatitis management. Dupilumab is a safe and effective treatment that is now available in Australia. Other promising agents for atopic dermatitis include Janus kinase, interleukin (IL)‐13 and IL‐31 inhibitors.


OBJECTIVES:
The objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of shoulder reduction developed by Prakash.
METHODOLOGY:
This descriptive study was carried out at Rehman Medical and Surgical Center District Buner and Naseer Teaching Hospital Peshawar from June 2017 to December 2019. All patients with a history of trauma to either shoulder were subjected to anterior-posterior shoulder radiograph. Those having shoulder dislocation were enrolled in the study. Data including age, gender, previous dislocation history, duration of dislocation and associated fracture, and fracture type were recorded in patient case sheet. Patients having recurrent dislocation, polytrauma, low GCS, fracture-dislocations, and more than a week history of dislocation were excluded from the study.
RESULTS:
This study was performed on 30 patients. The mean age of the patients was 36.46±11.58 years. Among them, 83.3% (n=25) were male and 16.7% (n=5) were female. While dislocation occurred on the right shoulder in 63.3% (n=19) and in 36.7% (n=11) on the left side. All the patients have dislocation for the first time. The reduction was performed using Prakash's method. The success rate was 90% (n=27) and 10% (n=3) the reduction failed, which was then reduced under anesthesia using the Hippocratic method.
CONCLUSION:
The Prakash's method for reducing anterior shoulder dislocation requires minimum assistance with no anesthesia, it is safe, less time consuming, has a high success rate, less pain, and has minimal complications.


The purpose of this study is to propose the model to confirm the direct and indirect relationship between service quality, customer loyalty, customer satisfaction, electronic word of mouth and price sensitivity. In order to reflect true phenomenon, the model is split into the service quality model and the electronic word of mouth model. The major findings are as follows: (1) service quality, customer loyalty and electronic word of mouth show significant direct effects on price sensitivity; (2) with good service quality and high electronic word of mouth, customers feel low price sensitivity; (3) customer loyalty has a significant indirect effect on both service quality and price sensitivity. Customer loyalty has a significant indirect effect on both electronic word of mouth and price sensitivity; (4) there is a significant correlation between service quality and electronic word of mouth.