It is increasingly recognized that Tobin's conjecture that investment is a function of marginal q is equivalent to the firm's optimal capital accumulation problem with adjustment costs. This paper formalizes this idea in a very general fashion and derives the optimal rate of investment as a function of marginal q adjusted for tax parameters. An exact relationship between marginal q and average q is also derived. Marginal q adjusted for tax parameters is then calculated from data on average q assuming the actual U.S. tax system concerning corporate tax rate and depreciation allowances. IN THE LAST DECADE and a half, the literature on investment has been dominated by two theories of investment-the neoclassical theory originated by Jorgenson and the "q" theory suggested by Tobin. The neoclassical theory of investment starts from a firm's optimization behavior. The objective of the firm is to maximize the present discounted value of net cash flows subject to the technological constraints summarized by the production function. It seems useful to divide the neoclassical theory into two stages. The earlier version of the neoclassical approach developed by Jorgenson [11] derives the optimal capital stock under constant returns to scale and exogenously given output. To make the rate of investment determinate, the model is completed by a distributed lag function for net investment. This earlier version of the neoclassical investment theory has a couple of drawbacks. The assumption of exogenously given output (which makes the optimal capital stock determinate) is inconsistent with perfect competition. The theory itself cannot determine the rate of investment; rather, it relies on an ad hoc stock adjustment mechanism. Some sort of adjustment costs are introduced implicitly through the distributed lag function for investment.


described this overlap syndrome. No cases of familial neurodegenerative disease concurrent with parkinsonism and ALS have been found in the literature. This paper presents the authors' own case of two siblings, one of whom is observed to have parkinsonism with ALS syndrome; and the other had Parkinson's disease.


Abstract An agricultural cluster in Norway is investigated through a combination of analytical perspectives from studies of industrial clusters and industrial districts within economic geography and agricultural geography. Both the emergence of the cluster and its current operation are analysed. The sociocultural dimension of the cluster has been important for the evolution of the cluster. The notion of the diligent farmer is central to the expansion and stability of the cluster. The emergence of the diligent farmer is related to the religious and moral values prevailing in the region, which has been instrumental to the cluster's identity. The role of a specialized labour market is less important than in industrial clusters. Specialized knowledge and service providers are present. The cluster is now in a sustained mode, partly due to reduced heterogeneity.


With the development of our country's urbanization,people oriented trend has been an important characteristic of lighting environment design. This paper analyzed the night scene lighting environment design of The Bailuzhou Park in Xiamen from both technique of expression and aesthetic experience point of view.


Cooling device (1) of the high temperature superconducting device of the present invention, the turbo compressor (2), a main heat exchanger 3 and the expansion turbine (4), a refrigerant unit heat exchanger to heat the gas and the cooling fluid (5), and a circulation pump 7 and, with the temperature measuring means 10 for measuring the temperature of the cooling fluid, with a first waste oil (L1), and a to the second waste oil (L2) that circulates the cooling liquid, the sub heat exchanger ( 5) has a first heat exchange section (5a) and a second heat exchange unit (5b for heat exchange with the refrigerant gas to the cooling liquid counter) that has a path to the refrigerant gas flows in parallel, the heat exchange with each other the refrigerant gas.


After the initial excitement over the potential of RNAi to target any cancer gene, the field is now being viewed with caution and a bit of skepticism. Delivery system issues need to be solved and substantial clinical data of patient responses from early-stage trials need to be shown for the field to look promising.


A frozen aerated confection, containing no orchid product, and with an overrun of 15% to less than 40%, and containing an effective amount of polysaccharides selected from the any of xanthan gum, guar gum, CMC or mixture thereof.The and 1 wt .-% to 5 wt .-% soy protein, characterized in that it contains coconut oil and 0.4 wt .-% to 0.9 wt .-% guar gum.


Objective: Hyperthyroidism(hyperthyroidism) and hypothyroidism(hypothyroidism) in patients with sex hormone levels in order to explore its clinical significance.Methods:Chemiluminescence's methods were used to detect levels of thyroid hormone and sex hormones.Results:Women with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism of FSH,LH was significantly higher than the control group.Male Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism group E2 was significantly higher than in the control group,significantly decreased T hypothyroidism; women with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism E2 group than in the control group decreased.PRL in the female Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in both groups increased,male hypothyroidism increased.Conclusion:Because of changes in thyroid hormone levels,which led to the hypothalamic pituitary gonadotropin axis tone 2Section dysfunction,male sexual function may decline and male infertility, menstrual disorders,and women may be female infertility.


ABSTRACT With the passage of the Affordable Care Act, health care workers will need skills in engaging and treating increased numbers of Americans seeking help for substance use disorders (SUDs). Unfortunately, students in social work and related fields have been found to hold negative views of persons experiencing an SUD. This study examined whether a 15-week course changed graduate social work students' attitudes regarding persons with SUDs and the philosophy and practice of harm reduction. Results indicated that, though students' beliefs about harm reduction approaches were more positive after completing the course, there was no change in student attitudes toward those who struggle with SUDs.


This research examines the correlation between perceived organizational support and job embeddedness. Subjects of research were 105 employees in a startup company in Yogyakarta. Sampling using a random sampling technique. Data collection using two instruments, scale of job embeddedness (42 items with α = 0.939) and scale of perceived organizational support (49 items with α = 0.966). Data analysis using the Spearman rho method to determine whether there is a correlation between independent variable and dependent variable. The analysis obtained that there is a significant correlation between perceived organizational support and job embeddedness (r = 0.759 with p = 0.000). While the value of r.square is 0.665, which means the effective contribution of perceived organizational support to job embeddedness is 66.5%. This research concluded that there was significant positive correlation between perceived organizational support and job embeddedness of PT X employees in Yogyakarta and the high perceived organizational support equivalent with the job embeddedness.


Recently,majority of steam condensers applied in power plant are belonging to the type of water-cooled and air-cooled condenser,which has a large energy and water consumption.In order to solve this problem,a scheme of introducing high efficiency and hybrid condenser(HEHC) into power plant cooling system is put forward.Condensing technology of the HEHC and its advantages compared with traditional ones are introduced.Meanwhile,the latest domestic and foreign researches and specific applications of HEHC are analyzed.In conclusion,using HEHC to take place of traditional water-cooled condenser to save more water,or using one as supplement of air-cooled condenser at the peak power moments in summer to complete condensation task is not only feasible,but also have practical and economic significances.


Abstract Social correlates of regional divorce rates were explored for seven nations, and little consistency was found. The most consistent social correlates of regional divorce rates were unemployment and, to a lesser extent, population size, homicide rates, percentage of elderly, birth rates, death rates and crime rates.


This paper presents a hierarchical motion control system design for a fully actuated observation class Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV). A Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller (NMPC), which uses the position measurement from an onboard Short Base Line (SBL) acoustical positioning system, is designed to control vehicle. The NMPC uses the measurement model to optimize vehicle trajectories with practical velocity and transponder visibility constraints to generate a reference velocity vector. The dynamics of the underwater vehicle is identified by using a polynomial representation of Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Moving Average with eXogenous input (NARMAX) model and using an onboard Doppler velocity log (DVL) sensor. The structure of the identified model is determined via Orthogonal Forward Regression (OFR) algorithm. The model parameters are selected based on the Error Reduction Ratio (ERR) criterion and are updated using a Recursive Extended Least Squares (RELS) algorithm. To track the reference velocities generated by the kinematics controller, a Control Lyapunov Function (CLF) based inverse optimal control law is synthesized. The proposed control scheme is validated both numerically and experimentally showing that dynamics of vehicle can be captured successfully by the proposed method. It is also shown that the proposed controller can effectively track the desired references.


The present study examined longitudinal relationships among early pretend play, divergent thinking, and academic achievement in school-age girls. Theoretically, processes in pretend play should relate to divergent thinking and academic achievement. The aim of the present study was to establish longitudinal correlates of pretend play in school-age girls. It was hypothesized that early measures of pretend play would predict divergent thinking and academic achievement, controlling for verbal intelligence, at a 4-year follow-up. Thirty-one girls in the fourth through eighth grades participated in the study. Four years before the present study, these children received the Affect in Play Scale and a divergent thinking task. Children in the present study were administered a divergent thinking task (Alternate Uses Task). In addition, AIMSweb scores of academic achievement in reading and math were collected from school records. As hypothesized, early pretend play predicted later divergent thinking. Children whose pretend play was more imaginative and organized generated more alternate uses for common objects. Positive affect in play predicted originality of responses. In addition, both pretend play and divergent thinking predicted girls' mathematics achievement longitudinally. Divergent thinking and play combined accounted for 31% of the variance in math achievement over time. All results remained significant when verbal intelligence was controlled. The present study provides important longitudinal evidence for the predictive power of pretend play in children's development and adaptive functioning, particularly as it relates to divergent thinking and math achievement in girls.


As technology scales, interconnects dominate the performance and power behavior of deep submicron designs. Three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D ICs) have been proposed as a way to mitigate the interconnect challenges. In this paper, we explore the architectural design of cache memories using 3D circuits. We present a delay and energy model, 3DCacti, to explore different 3D design options of partitioning a cache. The tool allows partitioning of the cache across different device layers at various levels of granularity. The tool has been validated by comparing its results with those obtained from circuit simulation of custom 3D layouts. We also explore the effects of various cache partitioning parameters and 3D technology parameters on delay and energy to demonstrate the utility of the tool.


A rare case of uterine inversion immediately following delivery is reported. The uterus was successfully repositioned by a combined abdominal and vaginal approach.


Investigations of compact bone tissue mechanical behaviour under cyclic loading provide the important information for oral implantology and orthodontics. The problem of jaw bone-dental implant interaction regards, in particular, the effects induced in the surrounding bone tissue under the application of functional cyclic loading. The evaluation of stresses in bone can be the basis of an analysis of the efficiency and reliability of the shape or dimensions of endosseous implants. This is a crucial aspect in determining the possible risk of implant failure. The analysis of the results obtained by various researchers showed that there is no data concerning the behavior of mandibular compact bone tissue under cyclic loading. The objective of this investigation was to study the fatigue behaviour of pig jaw compact bone specimens subjected to cyclic compression loads.


Translational-energy dependence of emission cross sections was measured for H* (n=4) produced in collisions of methane, ethane, ethylene and acetylene with electrons through analysis of Doppler profiles of the Balmer-β line. Emission cross sections were calculated for the translational energies of 0-2, 2-4, 4-6, 6-8 and >8 eV. The translational-energy dependences of emission cross sections are similar for the four hydrocarbons. The five segments can be classified into 3 groups. The first group, 0-2 eV, is dominant at lower electron energies. The second group, 2-4 and 4-6 eV, is dominant above 40 eV. The third group, 6-8 and >8 eV, has some contribution at higher electron energies.


The mucosa of the oral cavity is exposed to a plethora of commensal and pathogenic microbes. Many such microbes are able to produce riboflavin metabolite antigens that can be presented by MR1 molecules for activation of Mucosa-associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells. In this issue, Sobkowiak et al. found that MAIT cells are part of the human buccal mucosal antimicrobial immune defenses. Buccal MAIT cells are enriched in the functionally specialized CD4-CD8subset and can be further sub-divided based on the tissue residency markers CD103 and CD69. Buccal MAIT cells have polyfunctional response profiles distinct from those of circulating MAIT cells, and, in particular, the resident CD103+CD69+ population produces high levels of IL-17 and low levels of IFN-γ. These findings improve our understanding of immune homeostasis and antimicrobial defense at this important barrier site.


Introduction.—In nearly all tbe previous determinations of tbe ratio of thi specific beats of gases, from measurements of tbe pressures and temperature before and after an adiabatic expansion, large expansion chambers of fror 50 to 130 litres capacity bave been used. Professor Callendar first suggeste< tbe use of smaller vessels, and in 1914, Mercer (' Proc. Pbys. Soc.,' vol. 26 p. 155) made some measurements with several gases, but a t room temperature only, using volumes of about 300 and 2000 c.c. respectively. He obtainec values which indicated th a t small vessels could be used, and that, with prope: corrections, a considerable degree of accuracy might be obtained. The on< other experimenter who has used a small expansion chamber, capacity abou 1 litre, is M. C. Shields (£ Phys. Rev.,' 1917), who measured this ratio for ar and for hydrogen a t room temperature, about 18° C., and its value for hydrogei a t — 190° C. The chief advantage gained by the use of large expansion Cham bers is th a t no correction, or a t the most, a very small one, has to be made foi any systematic error due to the size of the containing vessels, but it is cleai that, in the determinations of the ratio of the specific heats of gases at lov temperatures, the use of small vessels becomes a practical necessity in ordei tha t uniform and steady temperature conditions may be obtained. Owing, however, to the presence of a systematic error depending upon tht dimensions of the expansion chamber, the magnitude of which had not beer definitely settled by experiment, the following work was undertaken with thf object of investigating the method more fully, especially with regard to its applicability to the determination of this ratio a t low temperatures. The present experiments relate to air and hydrogen. Further experiment8 of a similar nature on other gases are in progress. Air was selected in the first instance on account of its convenience, and because the value of the ratio of the specific heats a t ordinary temperatures is known with greater accuracy than for other gases. The results obtained for air in the present experiments


For a field that was described as being a "slough of careless boredom,'" in the "educational doldrums," and virtually ready for interment, the social studies have made a rapid and miraculous recovery. Since 1960, no aspect of social studies instruction has remained unaffected. Agitation and ferment have replaced complacency and torpor. The signs of ferment are varied and numerous." A new vocabulary is emerging. The terms "process,' "structure," "discovery," "inductive," and "concept" permeate professional journals and are used comfortably in conversations. Traditional conceptions of classroom organization, one teacher and 25 students, are being contested by team teaching. Junior high school students absorbed in "The Game of Empire,'" simulating the trading system of the British Empire in the eighteenth century, prove that learning can be challenging and fun. A veritable flood of paperback pamphlets and booklets threatens the continued dominancy of the cloth-bound textbook in social studies classes.Doring the past five years a greater number and variety of texts on methods have been published than during the previous two decades. That seamless and complex web pertaining to human affairs, the social studies curriculum, has not remained unaltered.


This research encompasses three related papers to address some of the influencing factors in structural and pricing decisions in supply chains with manufacturing and remanufactunng We consider new and remanufactured products that are vertically differentiated, that is, the consumers perceive the remanufactured product as of a lower quality and thus they are not willing to pay for them as much as they would for the new product Examples of such products are seen in computer systems, automotive parts and office equipment In the first paper, we consider a closed loop supply chain that includes a manufacturer, a remanufacturer and a retailer We investigate the pricing decisions for the new and remanufactured products under different coordination structures between members of the chain while taking into account the consumers' perception of the remanufactured product versus new and the quality of returns as two major parameters In addition, we find which coordination structure is a better option for the closed loop supply chain members Particularly, we find that although a lower price is charged for the new product when the retailer and the remanufacturer are coordinated (RREMC) compared to the completely decentralized (CD) structure, a higher number of new products are sold in the completely decentralized structure A similar result is found for the remanufactured product when comparing the CD structure with the one in which the retailer and manufacturer are coordinated (MRC) We also find that MRC results in the highest total profit while RREMC results in the lowest In the second paper, we analyze the pricing decisions for a firm that produces both new and remanufactured products and also collects the used product returns (known as cores, which are used in remanufactunng) The firm needs to define the core acquisition price as well as the selling prices for both new and remanufactured products In our models, we capture the quality of returns (by assuming a stochastic collection yield rate) and the competition between new and remanufactured products, and show how they influence the optimal expected prices and profit of the firm We provide managerial insight on how varying the optimal prices could help the firm optimally accommodate for different conditions (1 e with respect to changes in the consumers' perceptions of the products, the yield rate, and the salvage value of the cores) For example, we find that when the firm sells low margin products, a small change in the consumers' perception of the remanufactured products versus new could increase the firm's expected profit by more than 10% Finally, in the third paper, we consider two core collection structures for a firm that produces both new and remanufactured products In the first structure (known as the centralized channel), the firm collects the cores directly from the consumers, while in the second structure (known as the decentralized channel), the firm uses a third-party collector to take care of the core acquisition We assume that the demands for new and remanufactured products are influenced by the product prices and also by a stochastic component We jointly find the optimal prices and lot sizes for each product and investigate the impact of the competition between products (1 e consumers' perception of the remanufactured product versus new), the quality of returns (1 e the collection yield


The possibility of fueling a magnetically confined plasma using particle sources located inside of the plasma is studied by computer simulation. Magnetic plasma expulsion [R. E. Phillips and C. A. Ordonez, Phys. Plasmas 25, 012508 (2018)] would serve to keep the magnetically confined plasma away from the particle sources without adversely affecting plasma confinement. The simulations show how charged particles can be injected into a plasma by using particle sources located directly between two current-carrying wires that create a magnetic expulsion field. Plasma fueling with the average energy of injected particles greater than the average energy of plasma particles may serve for heating the plasma. Also, plasma fueling with positive and negative particles injected at different rates may serve for changing the neutrality of the plasma. Conditions for plasma fueling are investigated using a classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulation. Two types of particle sources are considered, and the fraction of emitted particles that reach (and fuel) the magnetically confined plasma is evaluated for each.The possibility of fueling a magnetically confined plasma using particle sources located inside of the plasma is studied by computer simulation. Magnetic plasma expulsion [R. E. Phillips and C. A. Ordonez, Phys. Plasmas 25, 012508 (2018)] would serve to keep the magnetically confined plasma away from the particle sources without adversely affecting plasma confinement. The simulations show how charged particles can be injected into a plasma by using particle sources located directly between two current-carrying wires that create a magnetic expulsion field. Plasma fueling with the average energy of injected particles greater than the average energy of plasma particles may serve for heating the plasma. Also, plasma fueling with positive and negative particles injected at different rates may serve for changing the neutrality of the plasma. Conditions for plasma fueling are investigated using a classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulation. Two types of particle sources are considered, and the fraction of emitte...


Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common cardiac anomaly that is estimated to affect 1-3% of the general population [...].


Non-propagating surface resonance modes have been observed on epitaxial W/Ni/W and W/Ni films. These modes are excited when the surface of the W buffer layer exhibits some roughness. The resonance fields of the modes are independent of the thickness of the Ni, the modes exhibit exceptionally small linewidths and very weak intensities. The results are interpreted using the model of surface spin waves, related to the variations of the exchange constant near the interfaces.


Another fascinating challenge he poses is practicing scales by memory, starting on a note other than the tonic. It is amazing how accustomed we are to starting C major on C. Try starting Eb harmonic mirior on Cb, being careful to finger as Eb minor. The practical sense of firmness. Mr. Heifetz was an avid hard-ball tennis and ping pong player which may have been an influence in his thinking on this particular exercise. This strength approach to tone production never creates harshness or ugliness at a distance if it is coupled with vibrato intensity. The vibrato is varied according to musical or emotional needs and, equally important, it balances the bow pressure. One important aspect to [ascha Heifetz's left hand technique is his fingering philosophy. Of course, he is famous for his fleetness of finger and effortless command of every technical hurdle. The philosophy is probably due to his ability to play almost anything anywhere on the violin. He insists that his students follow the same regimen that he practices himself. Scales, scales, scales and more scales in every shape or form are fundamental and practiced in varying lengths, speeds and fingerings. For instance, strict differentiation of fingering is adhered to for enharmonic scales like F# and Gb major. There are distinctive differences in the sound quality that is produced by the best-known, outstanding violinists of the mid-twentieth century. Leopold Auers' method of violin teaching allowed for a diversity of student development. So a Zimbalist and a Heifetz could come from Auers' class, both with a sense of beauty of tone. Yet the technical ingredients of the finished artist could be so uniquely individual. Most likely, any keen listener, after a few exposures, would be able to distinguish the "Heifetz sound" amongst a choice of recordings. The brilliance, intensity and dynamism of his tone is unique. He seems to penetrate the very core of each note. The vibrato is fast and gives the impression of narrowness because of the almost infallible pitch accuracy. A poor imitation would seem nervous and produce a thin sound. But in Heifetz's playing, the fast vibrato equates with vibrancy and allows a very strong bow pressure. The Heifetz sound has a definite grittiness when the listener is in close proximity. The audience, however, hears only a pleasant bite and sense of excitement which carries very well in a large auditorium. On recordings, the grit is controlled by placing the microphone so the brilliance remains and the surface noise does not become a distraction. Gb The clean pitch lets the overtones ring true, adding fullness and richness. Students who have worked with Heifetz, mostly in masterclasses, 'learned as much from his demonstrating his art in class as from his comments on their playing. For instance, his grip of the bow is amazingly firm and yet the wrist and arm are flexible. I remember one example he showed of holding the bow by gripping the whole frog with the thumb around the pearl and silver trim. This was to enforce the Diana Steiner here shares her remembrances of studying with Jasha Heifetz. A graduate of the Curtis Institute and Universityof Southern California, shestudied with Heifetz overa period of several years in theearly 1960s,Herfirstexperience was in a masterclass one of only two in the class. Later shewas his studentfor nearly three years when he taught at USc. In a small class shereceived about seven hours a week instruction and covered the equivalentofa full concert program each week for 16 weeks. (Parts of this article were previouslypublished in a1982 issueofthemagazine of the Music Teacher's Association of California.)


A 47-year male received renal allograft from his mother on 17 November 2020 for basic disease, chronic interstitial nephritis. The study has ethical review board approval. During pre-transplant work-up, both patient and donor were COVID-19 real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) negative. Patient received Thymogloblin induction and tripleimmunosuppression (tacrolimus, mycophenolate and steroids). Post-transplant course was uneventful and creatinine at discharge was 1.12 mg/dl. A week after discharge, evaluation for fever revealed patient to be COVID19 positive. Investigations showed haemoglobin of 8 gm/dl, total leucocyte count (TLC) of 22 500/cmm, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) of 340 (1.5%), platelets count of 218 000/cmm. Ferritin level 379 ng/ml, D-dimer–211 ng/ml and IL-6 32.3 pg/ml. Patient opted for home quarantine and no thrombo-prophylaxis was given. Four weeks after transplant he presented with fever and graft pain. On examination temperature was 101.3 F, pulse 108/min and BP 130/80 mm Hg and graft was tender. Investigations revealed haemoglobin of 8.3gm/dl, TLC–19500/cmm, D-dimer–1719 ng/ml, CRP-84 mg/L, creatinine of 6.34 mg/dl and tacrolimus blood level was 7.8 ng/ml. Urine exam showed 3–5 pus cells and 10–15 RBC/hpf. Urine and blood cultures were sterile. He was tested covid-19 RT-PCR negative. Diagnosis of graft pyelonephritis was considered. Graft doppler showed poor blood flow in the graft and angiography confirmed thrombosis. Our patient had no past h/o thrombosis, had normal thrombophilia workup (Table 1) and no surgical issue. He was maintaining normal graft functions, however, prothombotic state induced by COVID-19 infection resulted in graft renal artery thrombosis (RAT). High D-dimer levels at admission was a pointer. The efforts for local thrombus removal/thrombolysis ware unsuccessful and graft was lost. The case highlights that RAT can be a dangerous complication of COVID-19 infection leading to graft loss. COVID-19 induces pro-thombotic state due to endothelial dysfunction, cytokine storm, hypoxia related injury and hypercoagulability. 16%–53% of hospitalized patients have evidence of thrombosis. D-dimer is an independent predictor of thrombosis. Experts has recommended thrombosis prophylaxis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. However, despite thrombo-prophylaxis a large ICU based data shows 34% incidence of arterial or venous thrombosis. RAT a dangerous complication, is reported in 0.2%–7.5% of cases. Atherosclerotic vessels, kidney donation from extremes of age, past history of thrombosis, antiphospholipid syndrome and surgical technical issue are some of the common causes of graft RAT. To the best of our knowledge, this is first case of graft RAT associated with COVID-19 infection.


Washington — The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has announced proposed changes in regulations governing formulation, testing and labeling of over-the-counter sunscreen products claiming to offer protection from ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B radiation.


Flow field plate is one of the key components in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In the present work, the polarization curves were measured under the different operating conditions with hydrogen and oxygen as reactant gases. The effects of gas flow distributor structures and geometric dimensions on the performance of a PEM fuel cell were experimentally studied. The experimental results showed that the combined polar plate PEMFC is the best.


Developing countries are endeavoring to advance into the 21st century information age. Their progress, however, is hamstrung by the dire lack of trained, skilled and knowledgeable IS workers who are able to interact with online and off‐line information sources. These countries can tap from the rich intellectual capital lying dormant within the ranks of disabled people to boost the pool of IS workers in their societies. However, before developing countries can draw on the information systems capabilities of disabled workers, these workers themselves must be able to function at par with their able‐bodied counterparts as information workers. This presupposes the availability of special‐purpose information systems devices and approaches developed for disabled users. In this paper, therefore, we examine several issues that are pertinent to IS and disabled people in developing countries, and propose an integrated infrastructure to enhance the interaction of disabled people with on‐line information sources. The ...


The invention discloses sugar-juice syrup floating clarification process used in carbonation method. The sugar-juice syrup floating clarification process comprises two processes, namely, a preparation process of crude syrup and a preparation process of white granulated sugar, wherein the preparation process of crude syrup comprises ten steps, namely, primary heating, first carbonation, secondary heating, filtering and the like and the preparation process of white granulated sugar comprises five steps, namely, secondary sulfitation, sugar boiling, crystallizing, crystallization promoting and honey separation. Since the syrup floating impurity removal process added in the traditional sugar production process by virtue of the carbonation method, high-quality materials are provided for material boiling in each section of the subsequent sugar boiling so that the product quality is improved, brown granulated sugar remelt syrup can be treated at a certain ratio, the colloid and impurities in the remelt syrup can be effectively removed, the honey production factors are decreased and thus the viscosity of the material is reduced and the boiling of various sugar pastes and sugar recovery are facilitated.


O-LinkedN-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a dynamic post-translational modification abundant on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Recently, we demonstrated that the murine estrogen receptor-β (mER-β) is alternatively O-GlcNAcylated orO-phosphorylated at Ser16. Analyses of mER-βs containing mutations in the three adjacent hydroxyl amino acids at this locus confirmed that Ser16 is the major site ofO-GlcNAc modification on mER-β and that mutants lacking hydoxyl amino acids at this locus are glycosylation-deficient. Pulse-chase studies in transfected Cos-1 cells demonstrate that the turnover rate of the mutant containing a glutamic acid moiety at Ser16, which mimics constitutive phosphorylation at this locus, is faster than that of the wild type receptor. Whereas, the mutant without hydroxyl amino acids at this locus is degraded at a slower rate, indicating thatO-GlcNAc/O-phosphate at Ser16modulates mER-β protein stability. Luciferase reporter assays also show that the Ser16 locus mutants have abnormal transactivation activities, suggesting that the two alternative modifications at Ser16 on mER-β may also be involved in transcriptional regulation. DNA mobility shift assays show that the mutants do not have altered DNA binding. Green fluorescence protein constructs of both wild type and mutant forms of mER-β show that the receptor is nearly exclusively localized within the nucleus. It appears that reciprocal occupancy of Ser16 by eitherO-phosphate or O-GlcNAc modulates the degradation and activity of mER-β.


Objective: Nurses experienced many psychological problems during the COVID-19 outbreak. Considering that spirituality can be a strong factor in controlling stressful situations, this study aims to investigate the effect of spiritual self-care education on the resilience of nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs) dedicated to patients with COVID-19 in Iran. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 64 nurses working in ICUs dedicated to patients with COVID-19 in Ziaeian Hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2021 who were selected by a census method and then randomly (by coin toss) assigned to the intervention (n=32) and control (n=32) groups. The intervention group received the spiritual self-care education at 6 sessions of 45 minutes every other day. Data were collected using a demographic form and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale and entered in SPSS software, version 25 and analyzed using independent t-test, paired t-test, and chi-square test. The significant level was set at 0.05. Results: The Mean±SD score of resilience before the education in the intervention and control groups were 48.0±5.28 and 46.44±6.05, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (P=0.275). After the education, the mean of resilience in the intervention and control groups were 74.65±3.35, 49.38±6.49 respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.0001). Conclusion: It is suggested that spiritual self-care education should be provided to nurses in ICUs dedicated to patients with COVID-19 to improve their resilience and thus help them provide better services to patients.


Aiming at the problem that traditional underwater detection technology has been unable to meet the detection requirements, a new type of power-frequency (50Hz) magnetic field detection method is proposed. The space power frequency magnetic field model of the ferromagnetic cylindrical underwater target is deduced, and the magnetic anomaly of the ferromagnetic cylindrical underwater target rotating 0°, 30°, and 90° along the axis direction under the background of the power frequency magnetic field is simulated. The field distribution is further analyzed for the three-component magnetic anomaly spatial distribution law of ferromagnetic underwater targets. Through experiments on the scaled model, the magnetic induction intensity of the scaled model is measured, and the correctness and consistency of the spatial distribution of the power frequency magnetic anomalies of the ferromagnetic cylinder are verified, which is provided thinking for the design of power frequency electromagnetic detection of underwater targets.


This paper presents the accuracy and uncertainty of fuel rod behavior calculations performed by the transient Fuel Rod Analysis Program (FRAP-T6) during large break loss-of-coolant accidents. The accuracy of the code was determined primarily through comparisons of code calculations with cladding surface temperature measurements from two loss-of-coolant experiments (LOCEs). These LOCEs were the L2-3 experiment conducted in the Loss-of-Fluid Test (LOFT) Facility and the LOFT Lead Rod 3 (LLR-3) experiment conducted in the Power Burst Facility (PBF). Uncertainties in code calculations resulting from uncertainties in fuel and cladding design variables, material property and heat transfer correlations, and thermal-hydraulic boundary conditions were analyzed.


A case of adenocarcinoma of the jejunum arising at the site of non-absorbable surgical material is reported. This appears to be a unique observation.


This study concern on the simulation of production line, conducted at Podoyo Plastics(M) Sdn.Bhd., Jalan Tun Mutalib, Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Tenggara, 81000 Kulai, Johor Darul Ta'zim. This simulation study focused on the facsimile product called PC 201.All the involved processes of the pc 201 production line are modelled by computer modelling. The purpose of this production line simulation is to imitate the actual behaviour of a production line and to investigate the best solution of the identified problems.It will also investigate the weaknesses of the existing process and thus will assist the management in increasing the production to a higher volume.The execution of the simulation has generated statistic output such as totals of product, defective product and percentages of operator utilization for 12 hours.The simulation has been developed by using ProModel network version 4.22. An alternative system which include extra number of operator and extended period of working time has been proposed in the study.


Corporate scandal in 2018 involving well-known public accounting firm in Indonesia is predicted to be caused by the quality of audits on financial statement that distort the decision-making process by users. Meanwhile, based on agency theory, agency problems between management as the preparer of financial statements and shareholders as users of these reports can be mitigated through the high quality of audit process. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the factors that affect audit quality such as audit engagement tenure, public accounting firm's rotation and size, auditee size, as well as auditee economic sector. The population in this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2017. By using secondary data sources from audited financial statements and random sampling method in obtaining the data, a total of 438 companies during 3 years of observation were used in this study. The results show that tenure and the auditee size have a negative effect on audit quality. This information can be used as a consideration for professional bodies and regulators in formulating policies related to the limit of audit engagement period to maintain the quality of audit results. In addition, the auditee size can be used by the auditor as the main indicator of audit complexity which in turn implies the audit strategy formulation.


In an effort to reduce early hospital readmissions, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) implemented a transitional care coordinator (TCC) to provide careful coordinated follow up care for stroke patients after hospital discharge. The aim of this study is to compare all cause thirty- day readmission rates of adult patients with a primary diagnosis of stroke before and after the implementation of a stroke services TCC. All adult patients admitted to VUMC with a primary diagnosis of stroke; ischemic, hemorrhagic, and TIA; and readmitted within the first thirty days following hospital discharge between January-June of 2015, 2016, 2017, & 2018 were analyzed. Readmission data from 2015 & 2016, prior to the implementation of the TCC was compared to readmission data from 2017 & 2018, after the TCC was implemented. A total of 1911 charts were reviewed for the timeframe January-June of 2015-2018. In 2015 there were 369 stroke admissions and 120 (33%) were readmitted and in 2016 there were 474 stroke admissions and 112 (24%) readmissions, before the TCC role was implemented. In 2017 there were 540 stroke admissions and 62 (11%) were readmitted and in 2018 there were 528 stroke admissions and 74 (14%) readmissions, after the TCC role was implemented. Hospital readmissions were reduced significantly after implementing a TCC.


Growth of nm-thick yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films by sputtering and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) properties in the films were studied. The FMR linewidth of the YIG film decreased as the film thickness was increased from several nanometers to about 100 nm. For films with very smooth surfaces, the linewidth increased linearly with frequency. In contrast, for films with big grains on the surface, the linewidth-frequency response was strongly nonlinear. Films in the 7–26 nm thickness range showed a surface roughness between 0.1 nm and 0.4 nm, a 9.48-GHz FMR linewidth in the 6–10 Oe range, and a damping constant of about 0.001.


China's entry into WTO would influence urbanization in the country. Based on the analysis of the changes in overall economic operation and factors influencing the urbanization, this paper has put forward some countermeasures to adapt to WTO.


Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been identified to transduce fibrogenic signals via inducing the activation of their receptor (RAGE)‐mediated pathway. Recently, disrupting AGE‐RAGE interaction has become a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic heart failure (CHF). Endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is close to the cardiac fibrosis pathological process. Our previous studies have demonstrated that knockout RAGE suppressed the autophagy‐mediated EndMT, and thus alleviated cardiac fibrosis. Plantamajoside (PMS) is the major bioactive compound of Plantago Asiatica, and its activity of anti‐fibrosis has been documented in many reports. However, its effect on CHF and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Thus, we tried to elucidate the protective role of PMS in CHF from the viewpoint of the AGEs/RAGE/autophagy/EndMT axis. Herein, PMS was found to attenuate cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction, suppress EndMT, reduce autophagy levels and serum levels of AGEs, yet did not affect the expression of RAGE in CHF mice. Mechanically, PMS possibly binds to the V‐domain of RAGE, which is similar to the interaction between AGEs and RAGE. Importantly, this competitive binding disturbed AGEs‐induced the RAGE‐autophagy‐EndMT pathway in vitro. Collectively, our results indicated that PMS might exert an anti‐cardiac fibrosis effect by specifically binding RAGE to suppress the AGEs‐activated RAGE/autophagy/EndMT pathway.


In order to explore the rational suspender layout of reticulated suspender steel box tied arch bridge, eight different suspender layout schemes were established by using finite element software Midas civil, taking a real bridge as the background and the constant inclination angle of suspender as the research variable. The structural stress characteristics of vertical suspender and reticulated suspender layout were analyzed and compared. The results show that the bending moment of arch rib and tied beam of reticulated suspender system is smaller, and the stress of arch beam is closer to the ideal state of "arch rib is compressed, tied beam is pulled". The results show that in the range of 60 ~90, the smaller the inclination angle is, the more favorable the stress of the structure is, but the lower the moment reduction efficiency is when the inclination angle of the suspender is less than 60.


In this paper we propose a method of creating a secure operating environment for Internet voting system server, which eliminates the causes of public distrust about the possible falsification of results or disclosure of the secretsof the vote. The method is based on the concept of the security kernel. Portion of memory is allocated in the server, where exclusive access to the data of the vote counting process has previously verified open application. To prevent access to this memory portion of any other processes is used an open operating system, which does not have functions for such access. Furthermore, conditions have been created for the remote monitoring of the integrity of any and all files and processes on the server, as well as all of the personnel server administration from an unlimited number of controllers that can become any person concerned. It is shown that the proposed method in conjunction with known methods of protecting information transmitted via open channels, it makes it possible to identify any and all possible threats to disclose the secrets of the vote counting and distortion of the results of Internet voting systems. The introduction of this method can be useful in many areas for all public and expert remote surveys that require counting accuracy and secrecy of the vote in full confidence to any and all participants in the electoral process.


Takeovers. Hostile takeover's terget characteristics. Antitakeover provisions. Why do management team oppose bids? What drives M&A in the pharmaceutical industry?


Stream flow forecasting on a monthly time scale is essential for optimal water resources management and planning. In this paper using the predictions obtained from the ECMWF climate model, monthly stream flow forecast was made in Shahroud river Subbasin, part of Sefidrood basin northwest of Iran. To this end, using monthly precipitation forecasts from ECMWF climate model in tandem with SVR data-driven modelling, as a rainfall-runoff model, the stream flow was predicted based on the predicted precipitations. First, the results of precipitation forecast for the desired historical period and up to a 3-month forecast horizon for the study area were obtained from the Climate Data Store. Then, by using the SVR driven model, a linked Climate-Data-driven model was developed to predict the flow up to a 3-month forecast horizon. The results showed that flow forecasting based on climate forecasting models for the forecast horizon of the next month is more accurate than that of two and three months. The forecast horizon of the next month had the highest Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients of 0.77 and 0.48 in calibration and validation, respectively. It alo had the highest correlation coefficients in calibration (0.87) and validation (0.69), the lowest root mean square error in calibration (6.8 million cubic meters) and validation (6.3 million cubic meters) and moreover had the best relative bias value for calibration (0.96) and validation (1.1). Furthermore, based on the POD and FAR probabilistic indices, the results showed that the developed predictive model has a high ability to detect different states of stream flow events, especially for extreme flows event.


The objectives of this study were to assess the safety drug use and search for factors influenced safety drug use in contracting unit of primary care-CUP in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. The methods were divided into 2 parts: analyzed from quality drug use criteria by National Security Health Organization in 2009 and used focus group method among pharmacists from 20 community hospitals (74.07 percent), conducted from February to March 2010. It was found that the safety drug use in contracting unit of primary care had adverse drug reaction (ADR) surveillance system and high alert drug (HAD) system coverage 100 percent, drug utilization evaluation (DUE) or drug utilization review (DUR) system coverage 85 percent and antibiotic smart use (ASU) system coverage 70 percent. Factors influenced safety drug use were 4 groups: 1) system factors: (1) hospital accreditation development; (2) drug policy in contracting unit of primary care of district, provincial and national level; (3) pharmaceutical therapeutic committee (PTC) development; (4) national drug list guideline or district common drug list guideline (5) non-government organization for drug consumer protection in community; 2) prescriber factors: (1) knowledge and skills for safety drug use;(2) good attitude and concerns for safety drug use; (3) concerns to follow up treatment and drug side effects; 3) administrator factors: (1) knowledge and skills for safety drug use; (2) good attitude and skills to communicate and stimulate for cooperation among professional personnel to provide safety drug use for consumers; (3) information and proper advice about safety drug use for consumers; 4) consumer factors: (1) demographic characteristics in education and knowledge in self care; (2) consumer  drug needs; (3) culture and consumer beliefs about drug use. Policy recommendations; (1) safety drug use development integrated along with hospital accreditation development; (2) district pharmaceutical therapeutic committee requirement; (3) district common drug list requirement and (4) non-government organization for drug consumer protection requirement in community. Key words: safety drug use, contracting unit of primary care, Nakhon Ratchasima Province


The reactions 4,6-dihydrazino-5-nitro-, 2-methylthio-4-hydrazino-6-chloro-5-(p-alkoxybenzyl)pyrimidines with carbonyl compounds and aryl-, cyclohexylizothiocyanates have been studied. The influence of products on DNA methylation and their antitumor. Pproperties have been studied.


Abstract This paper provides a systematic approach for the analysis and design of construction supply chain operation models. Based on the Supply Chain Operations Reference Model of the Supply Chain Council, this research studies sup- ply and demand behavior, using a bridge superstructure construction process as a case study. This paper uses the SCOR Model and applies Dynamic Simulation software, namely, "SIMPROCESS", to assist in establishing a hierarchical model to explore the behavior of the construction supply chain process and develop a performance evaluation method that can help improve the supply chain management (SCM) of the construction project.


This is a study of the effect researchers and their methods have on the process of community organizing. It specifically focuses on Heritage Common, a subsidized housing development in Lawrence, Massachusetts with a population comprised of 81% Latino residents. A survey on the social service needs of the residents was conducted for the owner and management company, The Community Builders (TCB). During the survey process, the residents of Heritage Common voiced their desire to organize a Tenants' Committee that would be formally recognized by the management and have a say in the future of their community. The project started as a social services needs assessment and became a community organizing case study with an interest in the role of the researcher and the research methods as catalysts in the process. The results of the survey were used to inform the residents about which groups within the community as well as which social services could be identified as targets for organizing efforts. This project was begun in October 1999, and as of May 2000, Heritage Common has established a formal Tenants' Committee. The first meeting between management, the Tenants' Committee and the residents to address community concerns will be held on May 18, 2000. Thesis Advisor: Aixa N. Cintr6n Title: Assistant Professor of Urban Studies and Planning


The randomness and time variability of power load are the main problems in the load modeling, in which the model error and measurement noise greatly affect the modeling accuracy. In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy logic strong tracking based load modeling method is proposed. The problems of load characteristics and parameter identification of load model are transformed into a real-time tracking of load. The optimal model set is first selected from the initial load model set, and according to the mixing probability, the state estimation and error covariance are mixed as the input of the filter. In order to reduce the model error in the parallel filtering, the strong tracking filter (STF) is constructed based on the orthogonality principle and the filter gain is adjusted by introducing a time-varying fading factor. The adaptive fuzzy logic strong tracking filter is constructed by combining the fuzzy logic with the STF to adjust the covariance matrix of the STF according to the change of measurement noise. Moreover, the weights of each sub model are updated in real time by the parallel filtering, and the sub models are fused to get a comprehensive load model which can reflect the actual load characteristics. The effectiveness of the method is verified by the simulation of IEEE 39-bus system. This method can establish an accurate load model and has good robustness.


Health physicists are professionals who recognize, evaluate, and control health hazards—an expertise that permits the safe use and application of radiation. These professionals typically have broad knowledge in radiation (ionizing and non-ionizing), biology, ecology, and safety. We believe that health physicists, possessing this wealth of expertise, make useful partners in an effective security culture. Accordingly, we have offered to health physics and radiation protection professionals, during the past three years, seven professional enrichment courses, both nationally and internationally. Five have been through the Health Physics Society meetings, one was through the International Radiation Protection Association meeting, and one was held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. This paper will briefly introduce these courses and will include learning objectives and descriptions of courses' content. Although the documented feedback from participants was limited, since only 1 of the 7 courses used formal written course evaluations, both written and verbal feedback (and other forms of written feedback) to the instructors made it clear that the courses were well received.


Industrial defect inspection plays a crucial role in maintaining the high quality of the product. Although deep learning technologies have been applied to conduct automatic defect inspection, it is still difficult to detect industrial surface defects accurately due to complex variations. This study proposes a novel approach to industrial surface-defect detection that segments defect areas accurately and robustly from the complex background using a deep nested convolutional network (NC-Net) with attention and guidance modules. NC-Net consists of the encoder-decoder with nested residual U-blocks and feature enhancement modules. Each layer block of the encoder and decoder is also represented as a residual U-block. In addition, features are adaptively refined by applying the attention module to the skip connection between the encoder and decoder. Low-level encoder features are refined through edge guidance, and high-level encoder features through mask guidance, which can keep local and global contexts for accurate and robust defect detection. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted to verify the novelty and robustness of NC-Net using four datasets, including magnetic tile surface defects, steel surface defects, rail surface defects, and road surface defects. The proposed method outperformed previous state-of-the-art studies. An additional dataset was also evaluated to prove the extensibility and generality of the proposed approach.


Let M(n, s) be the number of n × n matrices with binary entries, row and column sum s, and whose rows are in lexicographical order. Let S(n) be the number of n×n matrices with entries from {0, 1, 2}, symmetric, with trace 0, and row sum 2. (The sequence S(n) appears as A002137 in N.J.A. Sloane's Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences.) We give two proofs to show that |M(n, 2)| = |S(n)|. First, we show they satisfy the same recurrence. Second, we give an explicit bijection between the two sets. We also show that the bijection maintains the cycle structure of our matrices. Let Ms(n, 2) be the set of symmetric matrices in M(n, 2). We will show |Ms(n, 2)| satisfies the Fibonacci sequence.


An adult male Nile Hippo aged 14 years and weighing about 3000 kilograms was administered with 20 μg/kg of detomidine for trimming of its overgrown canine tusks at the lower arcade. Detomidine provided standing sedation for 42 minutes enabling oral examination and trimming of the tusk.


ABSTRACTThis research uses Pragmatics approach, focusing on suggestions as the object ofthe analysis. This research applies descriptive qualitative research which takespurposive sampling technique. The data are taken from the dialogues containingsuggestions uttered by both male and female characters. There are 32 data whichare analyzed.This study gains three findings. The first finding shows that there are three typesof suggestions presenting in the data, they are direct suggestion, conventionalizedform of suggestion and the last is indirect suggestion. All the direct suggestionsare issued by female characters, while conventionalized form of suggestions aremostly employed by female characters. Surprisingly, indirect suggestions aremostly spoken by male characters in the novel.Second, in terms of politeness strategy, the research shows that all of the directsuggestions always employ bald on record. On contrast, the indirect suggestionscan never use bald on record strategy. While the other type, suggestions inconventionalized form are mostly loaded with bald on record, but can beoccasionally loaded with another politeness strategy, such as positive politeness.Finally, the last finding shows that although gender is not a significant factor, butgender may influence the choice of suggestions. Other factors which influence thechoice of suggestions are power, social distance and the size of imposition.Keywords : suggestions, speech acts, politeness, gender, novel.


Effects of hydration on the elastic properties of transition zone minerals Prof. Steven D. Jacobsen Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, USA Water, dissolved as hydroxyl into the solid silicate minerals of the upper mantle, can reduce elastic wave speeds through associated defects. Efforts are underway to use new mineral physics data on how hydration affects mineral elasticity to interpret regional seismic tomography images showing potential spatial variability in mantle hydrogen content. Because the water storage capacity of olivine, wadsleyite, and ringwoodite approaches one weight percent at depths of 300-660 km, the effects of hydration on the elastic properties of transition zone minerals are needed to evaluate seismic anomalies that are not easily explained by temperature anomalies alone. I review recent and forthcoming mineral physics data on the high-pressure elastic properties of hydrous olivine, hydrous wadsleyite, and hydrous ringwoodite measured using Brillouin spectroscopy and GHz-ultrasonic interferometry. Beneath the eastern US, a recent tomographic study [Van der Lee et al., 2008, EPSL 273, 15-27] reveals a large low S-wave anomaly above subducted oceanic lithosphere, which is interpreted to have derived from subducted oceanic lithosphere during Farallon subduction from west. Because the eastern-US tomography study is situated away from active plate boundaries and known sources of heat anomalies, the region provides an ideal location to test hydration effects on mineral velocities through forward modeling of the mineral physics data. Elevated pressure derivatives of the moduli for hydrated mantle phases reduces expected anomalies at depth and predicts possible velocity crossovers at 3-5 GPa for olivine and 8-12 GPa for wadsleyite and ringwoodite. The results suggest that low-velocity anomalies above subducted slabs beneath 300 km depth, if explained by hydration, require major influence of anelasticity. Alternatively, one may interpret the low-velocity anomalies as caused by factors other than hydration.


Background and purpose: Tetrandrine, a well-known naturally occurring calcium antagonist with anti-inflammatory, anti- oxidant and anti-fibrogenetic activities, has long been used clinically for treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and arrhythmia. However, little is known about the effect of tetrandrine on cardiac hypertrophy. The aims of the present study were to determine whether tetrandrine could attenuate cardiac hypertrophy and to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Experimental approach: Tetrandrine (50 mg·kg -1 ·day -1 Abbreviations: Ang II, angiogensin II; BrdU, bromodeoxyuridine; BW, body weight; CSA, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area; DCFH-DA, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein dilacerate; ESR, electron spin resonance; FS, fractional shortening; GAPDH, glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; HR, heart rate; HW, heart weight; HW/BW, heart weight/body weight; hydroxy-TEMPO, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl; IKK, IkB kinase; LVEDD, left ven- tricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; LVPWD, left ventricular posterior wall, diastolic; LVSD, left ventricular septum, diastolic; LW, lung weight; LW/BW, lung weight/body weight; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T cells; NF-kB, nuclear factor-kB; PWT, posterior wall thickness; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SBP, systolic blood pressure


The performance, egg characteristics and lipid profile of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) fed diets containing different levels of Maxigrain as a feed additive were investigated. A total of 225 (7 weeks) old Japanese quails weighing 235-248 g at the point of lay were allotted to 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized experimental design with 5 replicates of 9 birds each. Dietary treatments for the entire 56 of days the feeding trial included: T1: 0 g of Maxigrain kg-1 diet, T2: 0.5 g Maxigrain kg-1 diet, T3: 1 g Maxigrain kg-1 diet, T4: 1.5 g Maxigrain kg-1 diet and T5: 2 g Maxigrain kg-1 diet. The results  of the study showed that values for average daily feed intake, egg length, egg diameter, egg shape index, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, albumen weight, albumen height and yolk height were not affected by the treatment (P > 0.05), while dietary  treatment significantly (P < 0.05) affected the values for the average daily weight gain, egg weight, egg mass, egg yolk weight and shell thickness among the treatments with T4 and T5 having the highest values of the above variables. It was concluded that T4 and T5 treatment could be safely included in the diet for improved performance in laying quail.


In China steroid contraceptive pill has been applied clinically for over 30 years. Clinical laboratorial observation for many years have accumulated considerable data on its effectiveness and side effects but there are few reports about the effects of long-term administration of steroid contraceptive pill on genetics. In order to guarantee the safety of long-term administration of steroid contraceptive pill we observed its effects on human lymphocyte chromosome. With healthy rural women taking steroid contraceptive pills continuously for 5-15 years as the experimental objects comparing with women with the same economic cultural inhabited environment conditions who used IUD and taking occurrence rate of peripheral lymphocyte micronuclei as index we observed damage to chromosome for different age groups and different periods of drug administration. Results: Table 1 shows that long-term administration of domestically manufactured contraceptive pill 1 has no obvious effects on human peripheral lymphocyte micronuclei (P>0.05). Table 2 shows the relationship between administration age and lymphocyte micronuclei rate. It can be seen from the table that the micronuclei rate of administration group increases with age but the comparison group shows the opposite trend. However for different age groups lymphocyte micronuclei rates in both the administration group and the comparison group have no statistical difference (P>0.05). Except for the over 40 groups the lymphocyte micronuclei rate is all within normal value (0~1%). Table 3 shows the lymphocyte micronuclei rate for groups with different periods of drug administration. The lymphocyte micronuclei rate of women who had the drug for over 10 years is slightly higher than that of the group who had the drug for 5 years. However there is no significant statistical difference (P>0.05). (authors)


Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors that belong to the nuclear receptor super family and represent promising therapeutic targets for several inflammatory and metabolic disorders. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is also a well-known transcription factor that regulates genes involved in inflammation.[...]


Let $\mathbf{G}$ be a unipotent group scheme defined in terms of a nilpotent Lie lattice over the ring $\mathcal{O}$ of integers of a number field. We consider bivariate zeta functions of groups of the form $\mathbf{G}(\mathcal{O})$ encoding, respectively, the numbers of isomorphism classes of irreducible complex representations of finite dimensions and the numbers of conjugacy classes of congruence quotients of the associated groups. We show that the domains of convergence and meromorphic continuation of these zeta functions of groups $\mathbf{G}(\mathcal{O})$ are independent of the number field $\mathcal{O}$ considered, up to finitely many local factors.


The fundamental heat and mass transport processes in a partially premixed, nonpremixed flame stabilized between counterflowing streams of a fuel A, and fuel B premixed with an oxidizer C and an inert gas are analyzed. The gas phase chemical reaction between fuel A and the oxidizer C and between fuel B and the oxidizer C is approximated as a one step process. Asymptotic analysis is performed in the limit of a large value for the ratio of the activation energy characterizing the chemical reaction to the thermal energy in the flame. The flame sheet approximation is employed and finite rate chemistry effects are introduced as a singular perturbation. The flow field is assumed to be inviscid. The energy equation characterizing the perturbed structure of the inner reaction zone is integrated. An explict algebraic relation is obtained relating the Damkohler number at extinction to the ambient conditions in the counter flowing systems thermophysical properties of the reactants, and the overall chemical kinetics rate parameters characterizing the gas phase oxidation of the fuels.


The effects of laser irradiance and quencher concentration on photochemical electron transfer in a RuII-bpy derivatized, polystyrene polymer have been studied. The polymer was a 1:1 copolymer of styrene:p-chloromethylstyrene with, on the average, ∼30 repeat units in which each of the chloro groups was replaced by a [RuII(bpy)2(4-CH2O-4'-CH3bpy)]2+ chromophore by nucleophilic substitution. The abbreviation for the resulting polymer salt is [co-PS-CH2OCH2-(RuII30)](PF6)60. Upon visible excitation by laser flash photolysis at high irradiances, multiphoton excitation in the presence of high concentrations of the reductive quencher phenothiazine leads to individual polymeric strands that are reduced, on the average, by up to seven electrons to give PS-CH2OCH2-(Ru2+23Ru+7)]53+.


Representation of individual welded joints within large fabricated structures has always been problematic, especially when the aim is to predict dynamic structural behaviour. In this paper, the Finite Element model updating of a welded tubular H-frame is attempted using an iterative eigenvalue sensitivity approach. Two methods for parameterising the welded connections of the H-frame are investigated - a simple spring connectivity method and a geometric offset approach. Using experimental modal data, the updating of the H-frame FE model is attempted and the results from the different joint representation schemes presented.


Point mutations and structural alterations of the RET tyrosine kinase gene cause multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) and papillary thyroid carcinoma, respectively. RET activation by glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is essential for the development of the enteric nervous system and the kidney. The signal through RET tyrosine kinase requires several adaptor proteins including the DOK (downstream of kinase) family of proteins. Of the seven members of the DOK protein family, DOK‐1, ‐4, ‐5, and ‐6 have been reported to play roles in the GDNF–RET signaling pathway. Although DOK‐6 has been shown to bind to RET and promote GDNF‐induced neurite outgrowth in mouse Neuro2A cells, DOK‐6 function in human cells remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of DOK‐6 in GDNF–RET signaling in human cells including neuroblastoma cells. DOK‐6 was constitutively localized to the plasma membrane via its pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, and was phosphorylated following RET activation via a MEN2A mutation or GDNF stimulation. However, DOK‐6 could not significantly affect downstream signaling and neurite outgrowth in human neuroblastoma cells. The binding affinity of the DOK‐6 phosphotyrosine‐binding (PTB) domain to RET was much lower than that of the DOK‐1, DOK‐4, and SHC PTB domains to RET. These findings indicate that DOK‐6 is involved in RET signaling with less influence when compared with DOK‐1, DOK‐4, and SHC.


A LIBS technique was used to investigate the antibacterial activity of calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs). CaO NPs were prepared using a Q-switched Nd: YAG pulsed laser with a fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm at different energies (400-600 mJ) and constant frequency (6 Hz). A calcium powder sample was prepared after being pressed into a disc with a diameter of 1 cm. Analyzing X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the crystalline structure of CaO NPs, crystalline size was 30.99±2 and 34.20±2.2 nm for laser energy 500 and 600 mJ. (FE-SEM) to reveal the topography of produced CaO NPs, the results showed a homogenous compact and dense surface with the formation of CaO NPs like flakes, cubes, and tubes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has shown that the CaO NPs were nanoscale and had a coordinated surface structures. The results also revealed the stabilizing zeta potential of the prepared CaO NPs, average (ZP) -18.3±1.6 mV in 600 mJ and -8.8±2.3 mV for 500 mJ. Different laser energies used in preparing CaO NPs resulted in the varying killing of the number of bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Complete bacterial inhibition or cell growth inactivation was found when the laser energy prepared for the CaO NPs was 600 mJ.


A laboratory investigation was conducted to study the mean flow characteristics of radial turbulent flow. The fluid—air in this case—is supplied from a pipe at the center and spreads out radially between two parallel plates separated by a small distance. The distribution of pressure and shear stress on the front plate and the velocity at different radial distances from the center has been studied. The velocity distribution has been analyzed in a manner similar to that for radial wall jets—with appropriate velocity and length scales to get similarity profiles. The information obtained enables one to predict the velocity if the discharge and geometric characteristics of the flow configuration are known.


Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) are pial-lined, interstitial fluid-filled structures that do not directly communicate with the subarachnoid space, accompany penetrating arteries and veins and can be visualized on magnetic resonance imaging. This article reviews the imageology characteristics, the functions, the causes and the relation with neurological disorders of VRS.


In the UK, there is a relatively high incidence of people returning to education after having left to take-up full-time employment. This might represent a society functioning properly; people renew their skills as newly opened areas of opportunity are identified. On the contrary, it might signify that they were ill advised to leave full-time education in the first place—mismatch. This paper uses National Child Development Survey data in order to identify individuals who return to full-time education. The background characteristics of returnees are examined and a model of the decision to return is estimated. It is found that the decision to return is in part explained by background, suggesting that initial mismatch does in part explain the decision to return to education.


Security is a key challenge for any IIoT network and more so for constrained IWSN deployments. Novel methods are thus required to enhance security, taking into account the lossy and low power nature of the IWSN. The use of ICMP ping packets is proposed and tested as a method to generate fingerprinting information for IWSN devices. The ICMP ping based method was evaluated on three different IWSN nodes in a star and multi-hop topology. The results showed that the effect of the physical layer can be averaged out of the measurement if enough samples are available. A linear relationship was found between hop count and round-trip time for a static network which can be used in the design phase of the IWSN network or alternatively as a method to fingerprint routing anomalies in real-time.


This investigation was designed to determine the relation between age and risk taking for male and female community college students. Scores on risk taking were obtained using a multiple choice procedure suggested by Slakter (12). Results of correlational analyses indicated that the proportion of linear risk taking variance explained by age and sex was low (approximately .01) but that a moderate proportion (.37) of nonlinear variance was associated with variation in age. High school students evidenced higher risk scores than mature adults, who, in turn, evidenced higher risk scores relative to young and middle-aged adults, suggesting the possibility of a nonlinear age function for risk taking from the second the seventh decade of life.


Abstract Aim: The mucocutaneous changes observed during vitamin B12 deficiency in children have been published only as case studies and small case series. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the frequency of mucocutaneous changes (particularly hyperpigmentation) seen during vitamin B12 deficiency and resolving time of these symptoms with vitamin B12 treatment. Material and methods: This prospective study was conducted at the pediatrics outpatient clinic of Harran and Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine, among 57 patients, aged between 6 and 24 months, who were diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency following various examinations and tests. A detailed examination was performed in respect to skin and mucosal findings. Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency were administered intramuscular cyanocobalamin. Prospective examination was continued, and resolving time of symptoms after treatment was recorded. Results: The mean age of the patients enrolled in the study was found to be 12.75 ± 4.75. Hyperpigmentation was reported in 49 (85.96%) patients enrolled in the study; atrophic glossitis in 40 (70.17%), brittle and matt hair in 13 (22.80%), skin lesions (particularly diaper dermatitis) in eight (15.78%) and cheilosis in four (7.01%) patients. Three months after the treatment initiation, hyperpigmentation improved in 87.75%, atrophic glossitis in 97.5% and brittle and matt hair in 92.3% of the patients. Five patients (8.77%) with continuing pigmentation by the end of sixth months were considered as nonresponsive to the treatment. Conclusion: Deficiency of vitamin B12 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of infants who present with skin and mucosal lesions.


This study explores the civil society organisations that engage in drug policy advocacy in Europe. An Internet search in English, French and Spanish combined with information from national sources in 30 countries identified 218 organisations actively seeking to influence drug policy. The paper categorises the organisations, looking at their advocacy objectives and orientations, how they pursue these, and at what political levels they operate. Table of contents: â?¢ Summary â?¢ Introduction â?¢ Advocacy â?¢ Identifying and categorising advocacy organisations â?¢ Overview of advocacy organisations in Europe â?¢ Exploring the forms of advocacy organisations in Europe â?¢ Advocacy organisations operating at the European or international level â?¢ Conclusions â?¢ Annex â?¢ References â?¢ Acknowledgements


Unemployment is experienced differently by different age, gender and geographically located groups, and disabled and chronically sick people are particularly vulnerable to unemployment, under-employment and downward mobility in employment. The rationale and selection procedures of rehabilitation need to be reviewed at times of high unemployment and recession, but the challenge of therapy may then be how to prepare people for unemployment in the short or long term.


Total of 102 patients who received blood transfusion for their cardiovascular surgery were the materials of this investigation.The incidence of post-transfusion hepatitis in correlation to guanase (guanine deaminase) activity was studied.Diagnosis of post-transfusion hepatitis was made when a patient showed elevation of s-GPT over 100 units in three weeks after surgery. The follow up periods were ranging from three to six months.13 patients were developed post-transfusion hepatitis which accounted 12.7% of incidence. Patients were divided into two groups according to the level of guanase activity. Significantry high incidence was observed in the groups of patients who received transfusion with guanase activity over 2.6IU/L (12.7% VS 64.3%, χ20=18.06>χ20 (1, 0.001)=10.83)The guanase activity in transfusion blood may be feasible as a parameter for the prevention of posttransfusion non-A, non-B type hepatitis.


The diagnose system for any disease are greatly required nowadays. The use of information technology in diagnosis and treatment of illnesses has highly increased. The recognition of heart disease from symptoms features or signs are a multi layered problem. The knowledge and experience of specialists and clinical data of patients assist the diagnosis procedure. The automated prediction about the heart disease of patient made treatment easy. The intelligent and effective heart attack prediction system using fuzzy inference system is designed in this paper. The main factors or symptoms of heart attack are discussed. Keywords—Fuzzy, Heart predictions, FIS.


Carbonic anhydrase II is one of the forms of human α carbonic anhydrases which are ubiquitous metalloenzymes that catalyze inter-conversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and proton, overexpression of which leads to disorders such as glaucoma. 2D and 3D Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship studies were carried out on previously synthesized series of sulfanilamide derivatives by VLife MDS software using stepwise variable, multi-linear regression and k-nearest neighbor molecular field analysis methods. 2D-QSAR model depicts contribution of halogens (such as chlorine and fluorine), methylene and oxygen atoms to inhibition of human carbonic anhydrases II activity. Using k-nearest neighbor molecular field analysis method two 3D-QSAR models (model A and B) were generated from which model A was found to be the best validated model with q2 (0.9494), pred_r2 (0.7367) and q2 _ se (0.2037). It displayed the fact that the inhibitory action of sulfanilamide derivatives against human carbonic anhydrases II is influenced by hydrophobicity and electro positivity.


There is a little doubt that the topic of the target article is extremely important—how to provide guidance for making medical decisions that are based on evidence concerning which interventions are likely to work well in practice. The hope for this enterprise, now called CER for 'comparative effectiveness research,' which is similar to the previously used 'evidence-based medicine,' is to use the voluminous amounts of data often routinely collected in our society, such as for insurance and other administrative uses, or from federal, state, and private sample surveys, to learn about the relative effectiveness of all sorts of medical interventions. The target article itself is rich in its statement of goals and general objectives, but it seems to me to be quite thin in its statement of (a) specific suggestions for what characteristics the data sets should possess to make such effectiveness comparisons plausibly accurate or (b) what methodological techniques are most likely to be appropriate to apply to the data sets to achieve these goals. Even the specific examples cited, at least those with which I am familiar, seem to me to be relatively poor sources of guidance for either the kinds of data sets needed or for the kinds of statistical techniques to be applied to them to achieve credible answers. In my limited experience in trying to address such topics, I find that there is too little thoughtful guidance for the correct design and analysis of investigations that use complex data sets, mostly non-randomized observational ones, to estimate the effects of medical interventions; an exception is Cochran [1], but that article does not reflect the substantial changes that have taken place over the last half century in statistics, computing, medicine, and routinely collected databases. It is important for me to emphasize that much of the required effort when attacking a causal question using observational data takes place before any of the usual statistical analyses of the data are initiated, just as with welldesigned randomized experiments. Moreover, often the inevitable conclusion of a thoughtful attack may be that there are no reliable answers available from existing data sets, or even from summaries of them based on meta-analyses [2], effect-size surface estimations [3], or from research syntheses [4]. It is my firm view that it is better, for eventual progress, to know that we cannot yet reliably answer questions than to pretend that we know the answers based on bogus assumptions and hopelessly inadequate data. My comments are admittedly somewhat idiosyncratic in that they rely largely on references to my own work or work with which I have substantial familiarity, although there are many fine sources of ideas on the topics. I do this mainly because, when thinking about the issues that the target article raises, many of these concern what is needed to create a reliable observational study, and I have spent a large amount of time thinking and writing about this in the context of real problems for more than four decades.


Some commentators have characterized adverse possession as a "strange and wonderful system," others as "legal[ized] land theft." 1 Like Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, it has two faces. The positive face, a doctrine of repose, provides a way to cure title problems and promotes stability of title and of boundary lines. Its negative face allows wrongful possessors to gain title, occasionally makes headlines, causes consternation in first-year law students, and no doubt affirms the general public"s suspicion of law. 2


Within the last decade, advances in the acquisition, processing and transmission of data from seismic monitoring has contributed to the growth in the number structures instrumented with such systems. An equally important factor for such growth can be attributed to the demands by stakeholders to find rapid answers to important questions related to the functionality or state of "health" of structures during and immediately of a seismic events. Consequently, this study aims to monitor the storey building based on seismic response i. e. earthquake and tremor analysis at short time lapse using accelerographs data. This study used one of storey building (X) in Jakarta city that suffered the effects of Kebumen earthquake January 25th 2014, Pandeglang earthquake July 9th 2014, and Lebak earthquake November 8th 2014. Tremors used in this study are tremors after the three following earthquakes. Data processing used to determine peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), peak ground displacement (PGD), spectral acceleration (SA), spectral velocity (SV), spectral displacement (SD), A/V ratio, acceleration amplification and effective duration (te). Then determine the natural frequency (f0) and peak of H/V ratio using H/V ratio method.The earthquakes data processing result shows the value of peak ground motion, spectrum response, A/V ratio and acceleration amplification increases with height, while the value of the effective duration give a different viewpoint of building dynamic because duration of Kebumen earthquake shows the highest energy in the highest floor but Pandeglang and Lebak earthquake in the lowest floor. Then, tremors data processing result one month after each earthquakes shows the natural frequency of building in constant value. Increasing of peak ground motion, spectrum response, A/V ratio, acceleration amplification, then decrease of effective duration following the increase of building floors shows that the building construction supports the increasing of shaking and strongly influenced by local site effect. The constant value of building natural frequency shows the building still in good performance. This monitoring is very important and useful for help public safety by recommend to rehabilitate the functionality of structures.


BACKGROUND Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal CRS-HIPEC is associated with a varying rate of postoperative complications including postoperative deaths and needs early suspicion and intensive care monitoring. and inflammatory response after which may be as in view of the nature of surgery combined with of heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy. blood the and complications line and


Eosinophils are characteristic of the IgEmediated allergic reaction and may be classified as EGl-positive cells or EG2-positive cells. Author measured the number of EGland EG2-positive cells in the nasal mucosa of the perennial allergic rhinitis patients using an immunohistochemical procedure. Thirty-six patients with HD mite (D. f, D.p) nasal allergy without treatment (Group II), twenty patients treated with topical steroid spray (Group III), and twenty normal controls (Group I ) were studied by staining with monoclonal antibodys EGl and EG2 using a LSAB kit. The number and the ratio of EG1and EG2positive cells were correlated with nasal symptoms and severity. In addition the relationship between EG2positive cells and the RAST score was examined. In untreated patients (Group II), the number of EGland EG2-positive cells and the ratio of EG2/ EGl-positive cells were significantly higher than in patients treated with topical steroid spray (Group III) (p<0.05). A significant correlation between the number of EG2-positive cells and severity of symptoms as noticed seen in patients who did not receive treatment (Group II) (p<0.05). In conclusion, we have demonstrated a role for EG2-positive cells (which contain the secreted form of ECP) in the pathophysiology of perennial allergic rhinitis, and the use of topicalsteroid spray can modulate the infiltration and activation of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa.


To date, empirical analyses on the adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) in teaching primarily took a US-educator's perspective, and largely neglected the "customer's" (student's) point of view. Given the importance of students' acceptance for the successful implementation of ICT in the classroom as well as the increasing interaction of US educators with overseas students, this paper aims to address both research biases. Based on a sample of 221 university students with different levels of ICT exposure, the paper documents the use of ICT in Austria and tests a number of hypotheses regarding students' attitudes toward the use of ICT in the classroom.


ABSTRACT Objective: The key objective of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials [OMERACT] initiative is to improve outcome measurement through a data-driven, interactive consensus process. With increasing research interest and emerging new therapies for treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome, there is a need to develop a consensus on a core set of outcome measures that should be assessed and reported in all clinical trials. Method: At OMERACT 7, the Fibromyalgia working group was established to achieve this aim. Through patient-focus groups and Delphi processes, potential domains to be included in the core data set were identified. A systematic review has shown that instruments measuring these domains are available and are at least moderately sensitive to change. Construct and content validity of these domains were established by data mining of 10 randomized control trials. The proposed core data set was supported by high consensus among attendees at OMERACT 9. Conclusions: The OMERACT core data set should improve quality of clinical trials and facilitate meta-analysis and indirect comparison in fibromyalgia syndrome.


This paper aims to show the importance of having an FLE manual in public schools in Macapa-AP to support the foreign language teaching-learning process, since one method provides didactic support for teachers and students in teaching and learning in the target language. Questionnaires were applied and answered to French teachers from three public schools in Macapa-AP and four manuals were analyzed, of which two are indicated as pedagogical support for elementary and middle school levels, respectively: Le Kiosque 1 and Taxi 1.


Background. Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases. In spite of the 200-year scientific study of PD, its etiology remains unknown until today. Earlier the latent and premotor phases were found to 4–10 years precede the development of the standard manifestations of PD. Triggers determination of clinical manifestation of PD motor symptoms is still an open question. The goal of the study is to determine the most frequent triggers of PD's motor symptoms manifestation through a questionnaire survey of patients. Materials and methods. One hundred and twenty PD patients were interviewed. The author designed questionnaire aimed to identify the factors provoking PD manifestation. There was a statistical analysis of clinical data and the results of the interview. The level of significance ( p ) sets at 0.05. Results. 53.33 % (64 patients) associated the development of PD motor symptoms with a previous significant acute psychotraumatic situation (distress). The time interval between the stress factors action and the debut of the disease ranged from 1 day to 4 years (median (Me) 5.2 months; 95% CI 2.1–9.1 months). 3.33 % (4 people) noted acute respiratory infections at the time of PD manifestation or 2–4 months before the disease debut. 8.33 % (10 people) detected pain syndromes of varying localization. 35 % (42 respondents) noted the absence of triggers. Processing of clinical data (gender, age, PD debut and BP clinical forms structure) did not reveal any statistically significant differences between groups with different triggers for PD manifestation. Conclusions. Manifestation of PD motor symptom in some patients may be triggered by a number of factors, among which distress is. Further experiments have to verify author's hypothesis of the formation of the absolute refractory area in dopaminergic system after stress exposure before the onset of PD motor symptoms.


The invention discloses a weathering type stone coal vanadium ore beneficiation method; a raw ore bulk density is 1-2g/cm cubic, a specific surface area is 80-110 m2/g, a porosity factor is 45-50%, a Mohs hardness is 2-3, and the raw ore has more than 20% of 0.037mm fraction size. The grinding ore method comprises the following steps: screening the raw ore so as to obtain oversize products and undersize products, crushing the oversize products into granularity 15mm so as to be combined with the undersize products, and the screening particle fraction is 15mm; b, the combined ore material and grinding agent are added in a grinding machine, so granularity 0.074mm ore material can take 55-70wt% of the grinding ore after grinding; c, grading the grinded ore material so as to obtain coarse grain products and fine grain products, wherein the coarse grain products serve as tailings for direct discarding, and the fine grain products serve as vanadium concentrate. The weathering type stone coal vanadium ore beneficiation method improves resource utilization rate, and reduces beneficiation cost.


In Legality Scott Shapiro seeks to provide the motivation for the development of his own elaborate account of law by undertaking a critique of H.L.A. Hart's jurisprudential theory. Hart maintained that every legal system is underlain by a rule of recognition through which officials of the system identify the norms that belong to the system as laws. Shapiro argues that Hart's remarks on the rule of recognition are confused and that his model of law—though commendably more sophisticated than any model propounded by earlier legal positivists—is consequently untenable. Shapiro contends that a new approach is vital for progress in the philosophy of law and, with his lengthy presentation of his own Planning Theory of Law, he aspires to pioneer just such an approach. Except for a very terse observation in the final main section, this article does not directly assess the strengths and shortcomings of Shapiro's piquant planning theory. Instead, I defend Hart against Shapiro's charges and thereby undermine the motivation for the development of the planning theory.


To enable a rapid, customer dependent and precise adjustment of the directional characteristic of a hearing device to a hearing device (22) with a signal processing unit (3) is provided for carrying out a processing algorithm, the signal processing unit (3) is provided at least one construction-related parameters of the hearing device (22) available , and the signal processing unit (3) executes the processing algorithm based on the construction-related parameter of the hearing device (22). Particularly advantageous in the inventive hearing device (22), the fact is to be considered that a processing algorithm can be carried out particularly accurately and depending on the customer based on the provided design-related parameters of the hearing device (22).


The present study was to determine the optimum irrigation volume for paprika pepper
cultivation ( Capsicum annuum L) by the Evaporimeter Class A Tank method, and the
FAO Penman- Monteith method, in San Ricardo's farm, "Laguna Larga" sector, Olmos
Valley, Lambayeque.
The study sector was divided into 3 treatments: first, a control treatment, which consisted of
applying mean irrigation layers obtained from previous research, the second which
consisted of applying irrigation layers obtained with the evaporimeter class A tank method
and The third treatment was to applied layers obtained with the F AO Penman - Monteith
method. Each one with three replicates.
The response of the crop was determined by evaluating the biometric features of the plant,
the externa! quality of fruit and yield components.
The volume of water used in each method was: control treatment (5550.50 m3/hectare)
Penman - Monteith treatment (5372.54m3/Ha) Evaporimeter Class A tank treatment
(5132.39 m3/hectare), accounting for an average daily irrigation layer of : 3.58mm/day,
3.51mm/day, 3.35mm/day respectively. These irrigation volumes do not present significant
statistical difference on the paprika pepper yield.
The paprik:a yield obtained as a dried product was: control treatment 3.44 TM 1 Ha, Penman
- Monteith treatment 3.50 TM 1 ha and Evaporimeter Class A Tank treatment 3.30 TM/Ha.
It was observed that the highest yield was obtained with Penman- Monteith treatment.