OBJECTIVETo discuss new methods of curin g choanal hemorrhage and the effects of injecting of Xiaozhiling with different co ncentrations.METHODSThe choanal hemorrhage patients were ran domly divided to A and B of two groups. Group A was treated with pure Xiaozhilin g and 20mg/L of lidocaine in proportion 2∶2 and group B with pure Xiaozhiling and 20mg/L of lidocaine in proportion 1.5∶2.5, and the effects were obser ved and compared.RESULTSThere are no obvious differences betwee n two groups. 83 cases(74%) of choanal hemorrhage were stanched with once treatm ent, 110 cases (98%) with twice treatment and 112 cases (100%) with third trea tm ent, and there are no permanent side effects after repeated treatment. CONCLUSIONInfection of low concentration of the Xiaozhiling from t he p terygopalatine and pyerygopalatine fossa is one of effective methods for treatin g the choanal hemorrhage.


The case of a user walking with a smartphone in an indoor environment is considered. Instead of using traditional pedestrian dead reckoning approaches to estimate the user step-length, we define a deep learning based framework with an activity recognition model to regress the user change in distance and step-length. We propose StepNet - a family of deep-learning based approaches to regress the step-length or change in distance. In addition, we propose regressing a time-varying gain instead of a constant one used for traditional step-length estimation. A comparison is made between the proposed approaches and different network architectures. Experimental results show that the proposed deep-learning approaches outperform traditional ones for the examined trajectories.


It introduces the principle and features of low temperature floor radiating heat-supply,from the advantages of PB tubes,function comparison between PB tubes and other tubes,heat-supply methods,it discusses the advantages of choosing PB tubes,elaborates the paving constructing crafts of floor heat-supply tubes,in order to promote the development and improvement of this skill.


"Lived ancient religion" is a new approach to the religious practices, ideas, and institutions of the distant past. The notion of "lived religion", as it has been applied to recent phenomena that go beyond orthodox beliefs and religious organizations, cannot be transferred directly to a study of ancient religions because its methodology, inspired above all by anthropology and empirical sociology, requires some form of direct access to the living of the religion. This departure is implied by the oxymoronic form of "lived ancient religion", which juxtaposes the living of religion with an only incompletely accessible past in which the subjects of study are no longer living. What might have been deplored as a loss, has turned out to be a gain, allowing for a significant expansion of the concept. While still invoking "lived religion" as it is understood in modern contexts, "lived ancient religion" is neither restricted to "everyday religion" nor focused on subjective experiences. Rather, the focus on the ancient world, the past, the already lived experiences and events, provides the opportunity to study lived religion with a renewed and revitalized focus. This approach overcomes the dichotomy of official and institutionalized religion on the one hand and "lived religion" on the other. Rather, taking the perspective on individual appropriations to its extremes, it also allows studying institutions as sedimented forms of lived religion. Thus, as "lived ancient religion" a framework to analyze religious change is given, religion in the making even on a large scale (see Albrecht et al. 2018). As is indicated by the subtitle of the foundational project, "Questioning 'cults' and 'polis religion'", "lived ancient religion" shares a critical impetus with the study of contemporary "lived religion". Yet given the very different degrees of coherence and embeddedness of religious practices in ancient Mediterranean societies, and in the Roman Empire in particular, our project (2012–2017) aimed at a much broader re-description of ancient "religion" (Rüpke 2012). Fundamentally, it questioned the implicit assumption that all inhabitants of the Imperium Romanum were equally religious. Likewise, the tendency to focus upon civic, that is collective, institutionalized religious practices was questioned, as such a focus has led to the production of a series of sub-categories ("oriental cults", "votive religion", "funerary rites") in order to save those phenomena whose relation to civic practice is indeterminate. This shift in focus was


Background : On 31 st December 2019, the first case of infection with novel pathogenic corona virus (1-6) was detected in Wuhan city of Hubei province of China. Later, on 11 th March 2020, it was recognized by WHO as pandemic. Covid-19 infection is common in children and adults but remains uncommon in neonates. Objectives : To identify the clinical presentations and outcome of neonatal covid-19. Methods : It was a retrospective hospital based observational study conducted on neonates with covid-19 infection admitted in COVID ward and COVID NICU of Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College and Hospital, Barpeta, Assam. Results: A total 36 neonates tested positive for covid-19 infection. 17 (47.2%) neonates were asymptomatic, 4 (11.1%) neonates had symptoms attributable to COVID 19 infection and 15 (41.6%) of the neonates had associated co-morbidities. Out of 4 symptomatic babies, 2 (50%) had mild symptoms, 1 (25%) each had moderate and severe symptoms. There was no mortality during the hospital stay. Conclusion : Most of the babies with Covid-19 were asymptomatic, out of symptomatic babies half of them had mild symptoms and there was no mortality.


The effect of elevated pressures on the gas holdup and flow regime transition in a gas–liquid bubble column is examined. Experiments are carried out in a bubble column of 0.3 m diameter at system pressures between 0.1 and 0.6 MPa, using different liquids sparged with nitrogen. The following results are obtained. (1) The superficial gas velocity at the flow regime transition point (Utrans) increases with the system pressure. (2) In the bubbly flow regime, the gas holdup shows no notable change when the superficial gas velocity is maintained at a low value. However, in the churn-turbulent flow regime, the gas holdup increases with the system pressure. These phenomena are in agreement with those predicted on the basis of the equations for Utrans and gas holdup, proposed previously.


Health and education problems excite many years the advanced part of the public. In the XIX-XX centuries, the world science saved up large volume of theoretical knowledge and results of practical works in the field of prevention of emergence and progressing of the diseases connected with educational process. Nevertheless, the problem of preservation of health of pupils, especially in a century of an intensification of all aspects of life of the person, remains actual. Work is devoted to increase of efficiency of hygienic methods of prevention of emergence and progressing of school shortsightedness.


PURPOSE: To provide a suction catheter device which does not require another insertion instrument. CONSTITUTION: A suction catheter device which continuously sucks thrombi and emboli from a blood vessel includes a center catheter 2 and an outer catheter 1 surrounding the center catheter caoxially. In order to expand the blood vessel by inserting the catheter device into the blood vessel, a guide wire 4 and an expander 3 are provided. Blood clots are removed by a vacuum imparted to the center catheter 2. If the center catheter is closed by the blood dots when sucking the blood dots, the center catheter can be drawn out of the outer catheter 1 and replaced with a new center catheter 2. The treatment can be continued by connecting the new center catheter 2 to a suction device. In place of introducing the new center catheter 2, the outer catheter 1 is connected to the suction device after the center catheter 2 has been removed, whereby the suction treatment can be continued by the outer catheter 1.


1
Several genera of New World monkeys have high uric acid concentrations in serum and urine comparable to man and the higher apes. Like man these animals lack urate oxidase activity in liver tissue. The purine metabolism of these non-human primates appears to be similar to that of man as exemplified by fasting-induced hyperuricemia. These South American monkeys should provide an easily accessible experimental system for the study of purine metabolism in a species closely related to man.

2
Old World monkeys and prosimians have low uric acid concentrations in serum and urine. The urate oxidase activity of prosimian liver is remarkably stable whereas that of Old World monkeys was found to be quite unstable, a probable reflection of the gradual degeneration of this enzyme in primate phylogenesis.


Objective To evaluate diagnostic value of X-ray computed tomography(CT) neck masses in children.Methods Clinic,pathologic diagnosis and CT scans of 26 patients from Jan.2004 to Jun.2006 with neck masses which location,density,edge and near construction were reviewed retrospectively.Results Seven cases in neck anterior area,13 cases in neck lateral area,6 cases in other areas or unconfirmed.Eight cases with lower density than cervical muscles,2 cases with same density,2 cases with higher density,14 cases with mixed density.Inflammatory masses were observed in 13 cases,congenital malformation in 11 cases,thyroiditis in 1 case,pharyngeal tumor-like proliferation in 1 case.Conclusion CT scan is the best choice of diagnosis of neck masses in children,and is valuable to diagnosis associated with history and physical examination.


The effect of yttrium and molybdenum ion implantation on the lattice parameters, residual stress, and strain distribution (integral peak breadth) in TiN coatings made by chemical vapor deposition was studied by glancing incidence x‐ray diffraction in Seemann–Bohlin focusing geometry. It was found that there were no changes in the former two, but that the peak breadth was increased, and particularly between the {220} and {222} families of planes. It is considered that this may be due to grain size comminution or the development of a dislocation network down to depths of the order of 0.5 μm, which is well below the depth where the implant resides. The data also indicate that the limit of usefulness of the Seemann–Bohlin geometry is at the lower end of the angles of incidence set here, namely, 2°–3°.


Marx argued that value-creating (productive) labor was labor exchanged against capital, i.e., employed as wage labor. Thus capitalist services could create surplus value. But he saw capitalist services as 'insignificant,' and in relation to the finance sector argued that because value was created only in production and never in realization, commercial services were unproductive. Thus Marx predicted that the role of commercial-financial capital would decline vis a vis industrial capital. While he forecast both the growth of the public sector and the later policies of marketization, he failed to anticipate the future growth of the finance sector. Nevertheless, the discussion of 'commercial capital' in Chapter 17, Volume III of Capital was contradictory and unfinished. By amending Marx to account for the role of commercial businesses as productive capitals in their own right, as well as facilitators of value created elsewhere, a more convincing picture emerges. Copyright 1998 by Oxford University Press.


The conventional distributed secondary control is widely adopted for distributed energy resources (DERs) in DC microgrids to achieve bus voltage restorations and output current/power sharing. However, when the DER systems are under cyber-attacks, the control variables of the conventional distributed secondary control will deviate from the nominal parameters and the stability of entire DC microgrids may not be guaranteed anymore. To this end, a distributed sliding mode observer (DSMO)-based secondary control is proposed in this paper. Based on local and neighboring measurements, the DSMO initially detects the false signals. Then, the estimated false signals are compensated by the control variables of the secondary control to eliminate the adverse impact. The stability of DSMO is verified by the convergence of the state variables. Both simulation and experimental results have validated that the proposed DSMO-based secondary control can effectively regulate the DER systems to track the bus voltage references and the desired output current/power under various types of cyber-attacks.


Gravel soil is a kind of filling material with excellent mechanical properties, which can be widely used in roadbed filling. In this paper, the calculation by finite element analysis shows that the maximum tensile stress of the surface layer is reduced from 1.34MPa to 1.05MPa and that of the base layer is reduced from 0.54MPa to 0.42MPa after the new subgrade is completely filled with crushed stone soil. The maximum settlement value of unilateral widening is reduced from 11.43 cm to 8.7 cm. The use of gravel soil to fill new roadbed cannot only reduce subgrade settlement, but also reduce pavement deflection.


1. Purpose and Value of the Study The purpose of this study was to secure the judgments of highschool teachers on certain important professional problems which are frequently encountered in administration, and to analyze and evaluate the judgments with respect to their departmental significance. The attitudes of a teacher may reflect to some extent the quality of his teaching. A teacher who welcomes minute detailed instructions from his supervisor, for example, may lack the proper initiative to secure good classroom results. His attitudes as reflected in the judgments which he expressed may also indicate the degree to which he has kept informed


Abstract The magnetic domain structure has been studied extensively by transmission electron microscopy techniques in the Ni3Mn alloy, which becomes strongly magnetic with increasing atomic order. It has been found that the configurations of intermediate equilibrium long-range order consist of a mosaic structure of long-range ordered single non-contiguous magnetic domain rods in a disordered non-magnetic matrix, similar to that observed in the Alnico V structure. Magnetic domain walls are therefore not observed in these alloys. The fully ordered alloy, on the other hand, as well as alloys possessing homogeneous configurations of imperfect long-range order, show a well-defined magnetic domain wall structure. In addition some complex magnetic domain wall configurations in the vicinity of grain and twin boundaries have been observed and analysed. Long tails which are exhibited by the magnetization—temperature curves for alloys possessing imperfect order, and which are eliminated as the order becomes perfect,...


The production of low-resistivity, p-type CdTe thin films using the coevaporation of CdTe with Te is presented. Thin films of CdTe were deposited onto glass slides using the coevaporation of CdTe with Te with control of the source temperature. p-type thin films were produced, and the influence of the Te source temperature on the electrical and optical properties of these films was investigated. The resistivity could be reduced from 10/sup 6/ Omega cm for T/sub Te/=20 degrees C to <0.1 Omega cm for T/sub Te/>400 degrees C. The mobility of the films is shown to increase with an increase in T/sub Te/ to values >100 cm/sup 2/ V/sup -1/ s/sup -1/ for CdTe resistivities <50 Omega cm. Arrhenius plots of rho and mu are also reported, and the results are consistent with a decrease in the intergrain potential barrier height as the CdTe resistivity is reduced.<<ETX>>


Nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB) is a key player in the physiological outcomes of myocardial ischemic events including ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R), permanent occlusion (PO), and the cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Our lab has demonstrated that NF‐κB plays a protective role in late IPC and after PO, yet has an injurious role after I/R. Such results suggest the transcriptional activation of differential gene sets by each ischemic event. This was confirmed in our lab by a gene microarray analysis comparing I/R, PO, and IPC. Our microarray results also suggested potential cross‐talk of NF‐κB with other transcriptional networks, such as those regulated by HIF‐1α, AP‐1, and HSF‐1. Our aim is to deliver transcription factor decoys and interfering RNAs to the heart in vivo and begin to elucidate the relative role of these gene networks in myocardial ischemia. We have demonstrated nucleic acid delivery to the heart via novel polyglycoamidoamine (PGAA) glycopolymers that act through formation of nanoscale "polyplexes" and enhance cellular uptake via endocytosis resulting in nearly transmural transfection of the myocardium without eliciting cytotoxicity. Our work provides a high‐throughput in vivo approach to the study of the regulation of interlaced gene networks during myocardial ischemic events and will augment the identification of new clinical targets for the treatment of myocardial ischemia. This work was supported by NIH grant R01 HL63034 (WKJ) and NSF award number 0333377.


In order to solve the problem of star pattern identification quickly and reliably in a larger field for star sensor, star pattern identification algorithm that using the minimal convex polygon vertexes as the original star pattern identification and independent of magnitude entirely is proposed. By selecting the brightest stars in the given field, sequencing according to their coordinates and using an algorithm of generating convex polygon with the points on a plane, a unique convex polygon with stars as its vertexes can be obtained. Altogether 3832 convex polygons with unequal segment can be obtained in the whole celestial sphere. For demonstrating the effectiveness of the star pattern identification algorithm, a star map database for navigation is established and its storage datum is the line segments and interior angles moving clockwise from the shortest segment. The simulation results carried out on PC104 computer with a CPU of 33MHz show that the generation time of convex polygon in any field is less than 5ms. The star pattern identification rate based on convex polygon is more than 99% with stronger robustness.


Objective To observe the therapeutic effect on recurrent oral ulcers (ROU) by high dose thymosin combined with acyclovir,and to investigate the action mechanism.Methods 38 ROU patients were randomly divided into treatment group (n=25) and control group (n=13).The patients in treatment group were treated by a high dose thymosin combined with acyclovir;control group was treated by acyclovir only.Venous blood 2 ml was drawn from the patients three months before and after the treatment.The T cell subgroups was tested by immunoenzyme assay.Results There was no significant difference in recurrence rate between treatment group and control group within three months after the therapy,however,six months,one year and two years after the treatment the recurrence rate was 16%,32%,60% in treatment group and 30.76%,69.22%,100% in control group respectively.Three months after the treatment,in treatment group CD3,CD4,CD4/CD8 ratio improved significantly (P0.01),while CD8 was not changed obviously;in control group there were no remarkable changes in CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8 ratio.Conclusion Thymosin can prevent or suppress the recurrence of ROU by adjusting cellular immunologic function,treating ROU with high dose thymosin combined with acyclovir is a safe and effective method.


In Venezuela there is little research done in relation to the microorganisms associated with the seeds of forest trees, microorganisms that can benefit or affect these seeds. Therefore, a sample of seeds of Caro (Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb. The seeds were stored for two years in the Germplasm Bank of the National Center for the Conservation of Genetic Resources. A total of 300 seeds were analyzed in the Laboratory of Mycology of the Unit of Plant Protection of the Institute of Agricultural Research of INIA-CENIAP. The seeds were washed three times with sterile distilled water (EDW), separating them into two batches of 150 seeds each. The first batch was placed in trays with sterile absorbent paper and the second batch was seeded in culture medium of potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with streptomycin sulfate. The seeds were incubated for eight days at 25(±) 3 °C and exposed to alternating cycles of 12 h of darkness and 12 h of light. Through the stereoscopic and optical light microscopes, the structures were compared with those described in the specialized literature, with which it was possible to
determine the presence of Chaetomium globosum on Enterolobium cyclocarpum seeds.


HE purpose of this paper is to consider T Canada's mechanism of international adjustment from I946 through I957. Canadian loans and export credits amounted to approximately $2 billion during this period. The classical writers, i.e., Ricardo and Mill, as well as the modern Keynesians, primarily Metzler and Machlup, state that when a nation is involved in long-term lending, the capital account is the independent variable and as such induces equilibrating changes in the current account.' The two schools differ, however, with respect to the mechanism of adjustment. The classical writers claim that adjustment occurs through changes in prices and factor allocations, whereas the latter group claim that adjustment takes place through changes in purchasing power. The thesis offered here, however, is that the adjustment process from this capital outflow can be explained conceptually by a system of mutually interdependent equations. The paper is divided into three parts. The first outlines the adjustment process, utilizing simultaneous equations for two periods, I94650 and I95I-57, using a three dimensional model, the analysis of which is not amenable to geometrical presentation.2 Then an attempt is made to verify statistically the hypothesis presented in the model. The last section deals with the application of the model for balance of payments analysis. Adjustment Process Under the Simultaneous Equations Approach


A search for solar neutrons is reported from a balloon flight launched from Palestine, Texas on September 26, 1971. The Sun was observed from 8:30 to 19:30 CST. The neutrons were detected with a telescope consisting of two 0.5 sq. m. scintillation detectors spaced 1 meter apart using a double scattering time-of- flight technique. Upper limits for solar neutrons in the energy intervals 10 to 30, 30 to 50, and 50 to 100 MeV are 1.1 x 10/sup -4/,2.6 x 10/sup -4/, 5.9 x 10/ sup -4/ cm/sup 2/-sec respectively. These are combined into an overall upper limit of 5.1 x 10/sup -4/ n/cm/sup 2/-sec. (auth)


Chest x-rays are helpful in confirming the diagnosis of MAS. In this study, x-rays were evaluated as potential prognosticating tools for predicting the outcome. Eighty infants were studied retrospectively. Initial (0-12hrs) x-ray findings were tabulated without knowledge of clinical outcome. Twenty-five infants needed assisted ventilation; 14 died. X-ray findings were associated with: infiltration in 62 infants, hyperinflation 37, air leaks 25, cardiomegaly 17, segmental or lobar consolidation or atelectasis (C/A) 44. Respiratory failure and mortality were significantly higher (p<.001) in infants who had C/A than in those who showed other x-ray findings (23/44vs2/36; 13/44vsl/36). Pneumothorax was also associated with a higher (p<.05) incidence of respiratory failure but was not related to outcome. Although infants who had C/A had similar gestational age and Apgar score compared to those without C/A, they showed significant differences in initial RDS score (5.3+0.3vs3.9+0.3) and blood gases (Mean±S.E.).From this study, it appears that the initial chest film is of value in predicting outcome and that MAS may be divided into two groups; those associated with C/A having a worse prognosis than those without C/A.


Monoamine oxidase (MAO) plays a key role in metabolism of biogenic amines and serves as a marker of alcoholism and depressive disorders. Various isoforms of cytochrome This study was focused on the relationship between MAO activity and hepatic content of cytochrome P450 which reflects the state of microsomal oxidation. Methods. For vital integrative evaluation of hepatic microsomal oxidation in rats, the hexobarbital sleep test was used. Content of cytochrome P450 was measured in hepatic microsomes. Activities of MAO‐A and MAO‐B were measured in the whole brain and brain structures. Content of serotonin, a MAO substrate was measured in the brain and plasma. Intensity of oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring lipid peroxidation products and carbonylated proteins in brain. Results. Rats with short hexibarbital sleep time (SHST) had higher content of microsomal cytochrome P450 than rats with long hexobarbital sleep time (LHST). Whole brain MAO‐A and MAO‐B activities, serotonin and carbonylated protein levels were higher in SHST than LHST rats. MAO‐A and MAO‐B activities were higher in brain cortex of SHST rats; only MAO‐A activity was higher in hypothalamus and medulla of LHST. The same brain regions of LHST rats had higher concentrations of carbonylated proteins and lipid peroxidation products. Conclusion. Data obtained in this study showed a correlation between MAO activity and microsomal oxidation phenotype. Rats with higher hepatic content of cytochrome P450 had higher activities of MAO‐A and MAO‐B in the brain and higher plasma serotonin levels than rats with lower microsomal oxidation. These correlations may reflect contribution of biogenic amines to regulation of cytochrome P450‐dependent monooxygenases and a role of cytochrome P450 in metabolism of biogenic amines and hormones regulating MAO activity including glucocorticoids


This paper proposed a new algorithm to overcome the shortages of the traditional methods. The algorithm was based on identification mask and analysis of the finger character. It divided the whole process into two stages. The first stage was to find the alternative points. The second stage was to make sure the real core point using the identification mask. Verified the effectiveness of the approach on the fingerprint database of FVC2004. Experiments show that this approach can locate a core point with high accuracy for all kinds of fingerprints.


The issues of the general reasons for the existence of the shadow economy and the factors that determined its enormous scale in the contemporary realities of the economic system of Kazakhstan are the subject of consideration of many researchers. However, the authors try to evaluate the results of development programs and the activity of bodies contributing to the modernization of economic policy aimed at structural changes in the policy of counteracting the shadow economy, which have been previously considered ambiguously.
The main attention of the authors is given to the study of the phenomenon of 'shadow economy' as a special segment of a market economy, as well as to the development of practical recommendations for minimizing the disruptive mechanism's consequences of shadow activity in the post-socialist period. The impact of the shadow economy on the financial and economic development and security of Kazakhstan are comprehensively studied for understanding the scales of the phenomenon.
The authors analyze anthropological factors associated with the contradictory nature of man, economic factors inherent in the market economy and distortions in the state tax policy, insufficient saturation of the market with goods and services, imbalance between various spheres and sectors of the national economy, and low purchasing power of the population. The focus is made on legal factors that have arisen due to the imperfection of the legislative framework and coordination mechanism for combating economic crime, the insufficient activity of law enforcement agencies in the sphere of suppression of illegal and criminal economic activity.
The main reasons for the permanent strengthening of shadow activity in the modern economy of Kazakhstan are identified in their direct interrelation with the features of the national model of economic reform. These reasons include: the insecurity of small and medium private property rights from the arbitrariness of the state, the illegal nature of privatization, the dominance of monopolies in the economy and the repressive nature of taxation, etc. These factors have generated not only the traditional shadow activity in Kazakhstan, but the other forms have appeared: labor activity without official registration; manipulations with securities issued by 'quasi-private' structures; forceful elimination of competition by regulatory and law enforcement agencies in favor of certain companies and the export of capital from the country according to offshore schemes and technologies, etc.
The results of the study on the degree of influence of the features of reforming the Kazakhstani economy on the development of shadow activity make a certain contribution to the study of the phenomenon of the shadow economy in Economic Science.
The situation with the spread of the pandemic has once again demonstrated the scale of the shadow economy, the level of corruption of power structures and the steady growth of shadow capital in the country.


Despite the censorship that has traditionally surrounded sex, the fact remains that sexuality and eroticism are major forces of human life. Although sex-related matters have always been taboo, or precisely for this reason, sex is tempting, even fascinating, for us. In fact, people need to refer to sexual concepts somehow, no matter how much they may be embarrassing, shameful or socially sanctioned. In the process of taboo naming, metaphor—one of the most prolific devices of lexical generation—provides an effective way to refer to topics which are subject to moral and social censorship. The book under review, as its title indicates, offers an analysis of the sex-related metaphorical language used in the antithetical processes of verbal mitigation and offence—that is, euphemism and its opposite dysphemism—in a corpus of almost 200 postings taken from British and American Internet forums. It gives the reader a chance to reflect on the social and communicative functions that sexual metaphors perform in real language use nowadays. Following both a cognitive and a relevance-theoretic approach to language data, Crespo-Fernández widens the field of study of euphemism and dysphemism in the universal taboo area of sex, which he approaches from a wide range of perspectives (e.g. marital intimacy, medical advice, sexual addiction, pornography and sadomasochism). He starts out with the assumption that the interplay between cognition and pragmatics provides the basis for the euphemistic or dysphemistic force of figurative language in naturally-occurring discourse and can prove of invaluable help in exploring a number of key aspects of the dynamics of discursive practices in a corpus of real language data. The book is organized into two main parts: the first (containing two chapters) presents the theoretical issues, and the second (consisting of three chapters) is devoted to the analysis of the metaphors encountered in the corpus. There is also a preface, an introduction, which sketches out the book's topic and structure, and a foreword by Keith Allan, one of the best-known scholars worldwide in the fields of taboo, euphemism and dysphemism. For ease of reference, there are two appendices, one for euphemisms and one for dysphemisms, listing all the metaphorical items which appear in the corpus, 'classified by source domain' (p. viii). Australian Journal of Linguistics, 2017 Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 252–262


Although Rawls concludes that he "shall not pursue these questions," he writes that "certainly these questions call for careful examination. The long-run prospects of a just constitutional regime may depend on them."3 Following Rawls's exhortation, this paper takes up these questions in the light of his account of justice as fairness. In the end, I argue that justice as fairness, as Rawls suggests, grounds worker participation in the governance of economic enterprises more readily than might have been held in the past, but not necessarily in the form of workplace democracy.4 Workplace democracy, as I understand


The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is created under extreme conditions, such as the ones prevailing in heavy ion collisions. The characterization of the QGP can be done using high-pT probes such as the partons that are created through hard scatterings in the fireball. These fast-moving partons lose energy and momentum along their traveled path through the medium. The parton deposition of energy-momentum creates an in-medium disturbance that can be described using approximations within relativistic hydrodynamics in a defined regime of the QGP evolution. Based on earlier research in this field, we study the use of extended sources that depend on the location of the parton-jet in the initial stages of the QGP evolution. We explore this approach as a way to complement the current numerical landscape of hydrodynamical QGP studies and to eventually generate initial conditions that can be used as input of hydrodynamical numerical simulations.


In third-generation (3G) wireless data networks, mobile users experiencing poor channel quality usually have low data-rate connections with the base-station. Providing service to low data-rate users is required for maintaining fairness, but at the cost of reducing the cell's aggregate throughput. Some researchers proposed for enhancing cell throughput, while maintaining fairness. In UCAN[1], a mobile client has both 3G cellular link and IEEE 802.11-based peer-to-peer links. The 3G base station forwards packets for destination clients with poor channel quality to proxy clients with better channel quality. The proxy clients then use an ad-hoc network composed of other mobile clients and IEEE 802.11 wireless links to forward the packets to the appropriate destinations, thereby improving cell throughput. But this network architecture is not classic and has some disadvantages. Once a client has high data-rate connections with the base-station, it will always be selected to be proxy because of the average downlink channel rate that remains stable in a relatively larger time scale (in seconds or more depending on the moving speed of the mobile client). Accordingly, the energy consumption of this client will increase quickly. By all appearances, it is not fair and will make this client disabled with its energy used up. So in this paper, we will put forward a new architecture model as complement to increase the performance of UCAN network architecture named SUCAN (UCAN network architecture based on Subproxy-finding). This paper gives a minute discussion about the concept and application of Subproxy-finding. The theoretic analysis and extensive simulations show that it will extend the life-span of proxy and reduce overall energy consumption in the network.


Rent-to-income ratios have risen over the past two decades with large increases at the bottom of the income distribution, prompting concern about a housing affordability crisis. This paper uses minimum wage changes as a natural experiment to study the relationship between housing demand & policies affecting low-wage households. If their housing demand is relatively inelastic, an increase in income will causally decrease rent-to-income ratios. The results suggest a 10% increase in minimum wages increases income for affected households by 1.9%, increases housing consumption by 0.5%, and decreases rent-to-income ratios by 1.4%. These estimates suggest that housing demand is fairly income inelastic, and preferences over housing demand are non-homothetic. In a modeling exercise, this paper suggests that homothetic models may not match housing demand behavior and may underestimate welfare gains to low-wage households.


The reference environment is composed of a sensor network that conveys information towards earth stations (called sinks) that give access to the satellite backbone and, through it, to the destination. The choice of the sink where to convey sensor information may affect the overall communication performance. After introducing the application environment, the paper introduces a method to select the sink that assures the improvement of network performance in terms of energy consumption, load, and total time spent by information packets in the network, considering the fading level measured by earth stations. After selecting the sink, the technique how to propagate information within the sensor network has a main role. The paper compares flooding-based techniques on the basis of the metrics mentioned above.


11 The production of flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) briquettes has been tested at four 12 different temperatures (160, 170, 180 and 190ºC) and with four different compacting pressures 13 (17, 24, 35 and 48 MPa), selecting 180ºC and 35 MPa as the best briquetting conditions. In 14 addition, heterogeneous briquettes have been moulded employing 10, 18 and 25% of viscoelastic


The 21st century is the age of ecology. Therefore the theme of environmental conservation for the earth is an important theme concerning our daily life. Electrical railway transportation is extremely high energy efficiency in the fields of transportation for travelers and freight, and moreover is the transportation mode having the lowest volume of carbon dioxide exhaust, which is directly linked to global warming. About 2,500 silicon rectifier units for substations have been operating in Japan. These silicon rectifier units play an important role in the DC-powered urban railway substation, and the installed base has a total capacity of about 8,000 MW. For the last 20 years, Freon vaporization-cooling has been utilized as the standard cooling system in these units. Although the Freon vaporization-cooling system has many advantages, at the Montreal Congress in 1987, restrictions were imposed on the production of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), a specific Freon that had been used as the original cooling media, because its chlorine component is harmful to the ozone layer. Therefore per-fluorocarbon (PFC), which has no chlorine component, was subsequently adopted instead of CFC after the Montreal Congress. However, as a result of the Kyoto Congress in 1997, PFC together with SF6 gas is headed toward regulation as a substance that causes global warming. For the new problem of changing the cooling media of the silicon rectifier, Fuji Electric has successfully manufactured water vaporization-cooling silicon rectifiers and begun to deliver them. These rectifiers use pure water as the cooling media and do not burden the earth's environment. The authors introduce here the new type of silicon rectifier as follows. Its external appearance is shown in Fig. 1.


Non-heterosexual adolescents are at risk for developing emotional problems because of social stigma and adaptation difficulties. In Spain there are hardly any data on the state of this population during adolescence. The objective of this study was to ex-amine differences in self-concept, depressive symp-toms and social anxiety in adolescents based on their sexual orientation. Participants were 832 adolescents aged between 14 and 18, who reported their sexual orientation and completed the Beck Depression In-ventory (BDI), the Social Anxiety Scale for Adoles-cents (SAS-A) and the Marsh Self-Description Ques-tionnaire- abbreviated version (SDQII-S). Compari-sons were made between two groups: heterosexuals (n = 60) and non-heterosexuals (n = 56). Non-heterosexual adolescents had higher depressive symptoms, better self-concept in physical ability and lower in honesty. There were no differences in social anxiety between groups. This study shows that ado-lescents' sexual orientation is related to their self-concept and mood but not anxiety in social relation-ships. These data are useful to prevent and address early potential emotional problems in adolescents re-lated to their sexual orientation.


Strictly speaking,Chinese ancient art of folk vocality multiplied and developed from Haozi produced in work to song,dance and music which combined together,then it outcame song-dance,all kinds of drama,mixed drama,melody and folk song,till song-dance became a solitude kind of art.Chinese drama,art of speaking and singing and all kinds of folk music don't part from vocality.


From the use valuation of Scan-maker,the author study on the traditional method of regular or record plane trace material evidence and treatment technology of plane picture or graph scanning,point out emphatically the advantage of collecting the plane trace material evidence script and it's replica with Scan-maker,and probe into it's feasibility or necessity which replace traditional collecting technology with picture or graph direct scanning technology.


Feature selection in molecular classification is a basic area of research in chemoinformatics field. This paper introduces a hybrid approach that investigates the performances of chicken swarm optimisation (CSO) algorithm with genetic algorithms (GA) for feature selection and support vector machine (SVM) for classification. The purpose of this paper is to test the effect of elimination of the inconsequential and redundant features in chemical datasets to realise the success of the classification. The proposed algorithm was applied to four chemical datasets and proved superiority in achieving minimum classification error rate in comparison with different feature selection algorithms for molecular classification.


PurposeVarious theories predict that firm buyouts survive longer than newly created firms. The study aims to know whether it is the case for worker-owned firms (WOFs), i.e. firms owned and controlled mostly by their workers.Design/methodology/approachThe author conducted a comparative survival analysis of French WOFs distinguished by their entry mode (i.e. newly created, worker buyouts (WBOs) of sound conventional firms, WBOs of conventional firms in difficulty or WBOs of non-profit organizations).FindingsThe hazard of exit is 32% lower for WBOs of sound conventional firms than newly created WOFs, 18% for WBOs of conventional firms in difficulty and 64% for WBOs of non-profit organizations. The current study confirms that WBOs, even of conventional firms in difficulty, have on average a survival advantage over newly created WOFs. Surprisingly, the author also shows that this survival advantage is similar across sectors with different knowledge intensity but is lower in high capital-intensive sectors than in low capital-intensive ones.Research limitations/implicationsEndogeneity issues limit the scope of the results and should be tackled in future research. Overall, these findings show that WOFs are composed of groups with different survival likelihoods that are obscured if one only looks at the aggregate population.Practical implicationsWith caution, support agencies could foster WBOs of firms in difficulty and of non-profit organizations as viable forms of entrepreneurship.Originality/valueThe current study offers the first survival analysis distinguishing four modes of entry among WOFs.


Let U, V be two vector spaces of dimensions n and m, r e s p e c t i v e l y , over an a l g e b r a i c a l l y closed f i e l d F; l e t U ® V be t h e i r tensor product; and l e t R k(U®V) be the set of a l l rank k tensors i n U®V, th a t i s Rk(U(g>V) _ k = f z = Y y ! I ±'> 1 = »• ->k a n d y±'> 1 = »• • * i = l are each l i n e a r l y independent i n U and V r e s p e c t i v e l y } . We f i r s t o b t a i n c o n d i t i o n s on two v e c t o r s X and Y th a t they be members of a subspace H contained i n R^(U®V). In chapter 2, we r e s t r i c t our c o n s i d e r a t i o n t o the rank 2 ease, and d e r i v e a c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n of subspaces cont a i n e d i n R 2(U®V). We show that any such subspace must be one of three types, and we f i n d the maximum dimension of each type. We a l s o f i n d the dimension of the i n t e r s e c t i o n of two subspaces of d i f f e r e n t types. F i n a l l y , we show th a t any maximal subspace has a dimension which depends only on i t s type.


For any non-elementary hyperbolic group $\Gamma$, we find an outer automorphism invariant geodesic bicombing for the space of metric structures on $\Gamma$ equipped with a symmetrized version of the Thurston metric on Techim\"uller space. We construct and study a boundary for this space and show that it contains many well-known pseudo metrics including those coming from actions on $\text{CAT}(0)$ cube complexes, real trees and coned-off Cayley graphs. As corollaries we deduce length spectrum rigidity results, regularity results for Manhattan curves, optimal growth rate results for Anosov representations and results regarding continuous extensions of translation distance functions to the space of geodesic currents. Using our results for geodesic currents we settle a conjecture of Bonahon in the negative.


Background: Psoriasis is a common, genetically determined inflammatory and proliferative disease of the skin. Psychological stress can exacerbate the disease. Objectives: This study sought to investigate the depression and anxiety disorders among patients with psoriasis and control group. Material and Methods: This study was a comparative case-control study. It included 100 psoriatic patients who were compared to 100 controls. The patient group was recruited from the outpatient clinic of dermatology department of Career Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow and diagnosed by a consultant and a specialist dermatologists. The sample includes both sexes, ageing from 20 to 50. Results: From One-hundred patients in each group, 57 were male (50 control) and 43 were female (50 control). Depression score was 78% and 20% in psoriatic patients and control, respectively. The Beck depression inventory (BDI) of patients with psoriasis were significantly higher than scores of the control group (P < 0.001). Anxiety symptoms scored on BAI also revealed higher values than controls, with a highly statistically significant value (Chi-square= 35.8 and p<0.001). Conclusion: The results revealed that psoriatic patients reported significantly higher degrees of depression and anxiety than controls. Understanding their diverse mechanisms of coping can give them a better chance for a more comprehensive and beneficial management plan.


Fish muscle decarboxylases generate biogenic amines during spoilage. We monitored spoilage in plaice and whiting by assaying biogenic amines represented by the amine index (AI), and by using expert assessors to determine a freshness index (FI) for each fish. First we characterized the assessor- and fish species-related effects on FI, and then we sought to correlate changes in AI and FI by statistical data analysis. We propose rejection limits on the basis of our findings.


The results of a survey on the modern educational needs of the railroad industry, conducted with more than 90 senior-level members of the railroad industry, government agencies, suppliers, consultants, associations, and universities, are discussed. The consensus view is that the industry's educational needs can best be met by a combination of focused and practical seminars and short courses for present and prospective professional employees, support for enrichment of the railroad content of university course offerings in transportation, a university railroad research program, and support of fellowships. The railroads are having little difficulty in attracting talented people, but these new employees typically have no specialized railroad knowledge, and this adversely affects job expectations, career motivation, and employee retention. Railroads actively recruit the small number of new graduates who have training in the rail field. The other segments of the industry have greater recruiting problems and correspondingly greater needs for improved education programs. It is concluded that the recommended university programs will have an immediate and positive impact on railroad job recruiting and will help to strengthen innovation in the railroad industry. (Author)


This article analyzes the film Head of State's cultural imaginary of presidential blackness that signifies national progress while sublimating social conflict. The plot imagines a black man from the hood successfully running for presidency, living the American dream, and becoming an unconventional national icon. His symbolic blackness comprises two markers of difference: his identification with the disenfranchised hood and the black diaspora. As he challenges racial inequality in the U.S. as well as moral corruption among the élite, he unifies one historical fiction of America. I focus on how the film attributes an anti-establishment legacy to a minority president based on his countercultural identity performances although he remains complicit with foundational institutions of government. While the film projects hopes for future racial and economic equality upon a fictional black president and strategically redefines the American dream, I argue that it appropriates and revives American exceptionalist myths.


Bonuccelli et al. [1] conducted the first and largest study of the effectiveness and tolerability of duloxetine [serotonin--norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)] for the treatment of depression in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). That study showed that a 12-week course of duloxetine 60 mg/day was well tolerated and effective for treating depression in patients with PD and that it had no detrimental effects on the signs and symptoms of PD. The use of antidepressants for PD patients has been a common practice not only in psychiatry but also in neurology and primary practice. Hence, clinical issues in the use of antidepressants in PD patients should be more addressed. Although the etiology of depression in patients with PD is not yet fully understood [2,3], it has consistently been proposed that alterations in neurotransmitters other than dopamine -such as serotonin, noradrenalin, glutamate and acetylcholine -are involved in the development of depression in this population [4]. According to a recent positron emission tomography (PET) study [5], PD patients with significant depressive symptoms showed significantly raised C-DASB binding in the amygdala, hypothalamus, caudal raphe nuclei and posterior cingulate cortex compared with those without these symptoms, whereas the C-DASB binding values in other regions were similarly decreased in depressed and non-depressed PD patients compared with healthy controls. These data are consistent with the fact that abnormal raphe and limbic areas may contribute, in part, to the pathophysiology of depression and PD as well as justify the use of serotonergic agents. Additionally, pramipexole, a dopamine D2/3 receptor agonist that preferentially affects brain activity in the prefrontal and limbic cortices according to a PET study [6], was also found to be efficacious and safe for the treatment of depression by a number of placebo-controlled clinical trials [7]. Thus, currently available PET studies support the existence of both serotonergic and dopaminergic deficits in the specific brain pathways of such patients. Based on currently available data [8], tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have been the most popular agents for the treatment of depression in PD patients, with efficacy that is superior to that of newer antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). However, the significant tolerability issues of TCAs compared with those of SSRIs [8] should not be neglected in clinical practice, given that PD patients usually have comorbid medical conditions and are especially vulnerable to unwanted side effects due to polypharmacy [2,3,9-11]. SNRIs have weak effects on dopamine reuptake, whereas they have simultaneous effects on serotonin and norepinephrine 5-HT reuptake transporters, theoretically resulting in faster onset and relatively higher efficacy compared with SSRIs. However, the putative superiority of SNRIs over other antidepressants has not yet been confirmed. Indeed, duloxetine and venlafaxine were found to have lower acceptability and tolerability than SSRIs [12]. Thus, clinicians treating depression in PD patients must carefully


This study of the co-movements of the transaction prices and trading volumes reveal that the mean correlation of prices, and trading volumes alike, among different housing sub-markets increases during the market boom. After a financial crisis, the correlations drop dramatically and stay low. The distribution of the correlations changes from skewed to symmetric. All these coincide with the increase in the total variance of prices, as well as the share of the idiosyncratic component in the total variance after the crisis. These findings are consistent to a family of theories which emphasize on "regime switch" in expectation.


We address a model for atomic population kinetics in fluctuating plasmas. An analytical expression for the ensemble-average populations is obtained in terms of two statistical functions that can be retrieved experimentally, namely the probability density function and the autocorrelation of the plasma fluid fields. This expression, allowing for very fast calculations, is of great interest to thoroughly analyze the radiative properties of fluctuating plasmas. Two limits, where the fluctuations are either faster or slower than the atomic relaxation time scales, are discussed in detail. Finally, an application to atomic hydrogen is presented.


About this book what is the Internet? getting online using a browser searching the Web exploring e-mail downloading programs from the Net exploring space the natural world the world of sport music online making homework easier playing games on the Net finding out about films watching the weather discovering dinosaurs books and writing online the news food and recipes on the Net travel and tourism chatting to people on the Net shopping online green issues investigating the paranormal exploring disaster areas museums and galleries planning days out design your own Web page safety net.


Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of partial fluid air exchange at the end of 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy to prevent postoperative hypotony. Methods: Fifty-five eyes in 49 consecutive patients who underwent partial fluid air exchange at the end of 23-gauge sutureless vitrectomy by a single surgeon at Gil Hospital between August 2007 and February 2008 were recruited for this study. Intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity and post-operative complications were evaluated. Results: Surgical indications included proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n=31), epiretinal membrane (n=9), nondiabetic vitreous hemorrhage (n=5), vitreous opacities (n=3), and others (n=7). Two eyes showed hypotony (


AbstractThe construction industry, as one of almost every economy's major generators of environmental impact, can contribute in large measure to achieving the goals of sustainability. However, most publications in this field deal with sustainability with reference to selecting construction materials and improvements in the operating phase of buildings. When considering ecological sustainability the focus has to be extended from the finished building to the building process. Therefore the actors of the construction sector who are responsible for the production process have to be studied: the construction companies. The goal of this paper is to study the state of ecologically sustainable corporate business management in construction. The state of application of elements of environmental management systems (EMS) is used as an indicator of the current situation in German construction companies. EMS can help continuously to environmentally improve the operating processes of the firms. A broad survey about the ...


Background: Gastric outlet obstruction is a common condition due to various malignant and benign etiologies. Benign gastric outlet obstruction has been managed surgically by gastric resection or drainage procedures. Pyloroduodenojejunostomy (PDJ) is an old surgical procedure with very few descriptions in the literature and is rarely performed now. We present our experience of six cases of Roux-en-Y PDJ performed for benign gastroduodenal strictures causing gastric outlet obstruction. Materials and Methods: Prospective study of patients who underwent Roux-en-Y PDJ for benign gastroduodenal obstruction in the department of Surgical Gastroenterology in a teaching hospital in Northern India from January 2017 to December 2019. Side-to-side pyloroduodenojejunostomy was done with a Roux-en-Y limb of jejunum along with side-to-side jejunojejunostomy. A feeding jejunostomy was added in patients who were nutritionally poor. No vagotomy was performed. Results: Four male and two female patients with median (range) age of 42 (37–61) years underwent PDJ. There were no major postoperative complications in the study group. Etiology of benign strictures was tuberculosis in two patients and peptic in four. On mean (standard deviation [SD]) follow-up of 19.5 (5.12) months, all the patients were symptom-free. The mean (SD) weight gain was 10 (3.40) kg. Conclusion: Roux-en-Y PDJ is a useful alternative in the management of surgically difficult cases of benign gastroduodenal strictures with low morbidity and good outcome.


A self aligned technology has been developed and applied to AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors using wet etch and sidewall techniques.The DC current gain is more than 20,the current gain cutoff frequency, f T,is more than 30GHz and the maximum oscillation frequency, f max ,is more than 50GHz.The CW power measurements show that output power of 100mW(output power density:6 67mW/mm)with power added efficiency(PAE)of 61 4% at 1dB gain compression has been achieved from a single finger HBT and that output power of 112mW(output power density:7 48mW/mm)with PAE of 67% can be achieved at the power saturated point.


Introducction. Strategic purchasing is an important component of financing in the health system. It can enhance productivity, justice, and accountability in the health care delivery in case of considering the quality. This study, which was conducted as a systematic review, was aimed at investigating the status of quality in five domains of strategic purchasing in the health system to answer what, for whom, from whom, how to buy, and how much to buy. Material and Methods: This study systematically reviewed the articles published in the databases of Web of Sciences (WOS), Scopus, PubMed, Medline via Ovid, Embase from 2000 to October 2019. The keywords used to search the databases included the following: Health Care Sector, Delivery of Health Care, Quality Assurance, Quality Improvement, and Strategic Purchasing. A total of 182 articles were selected and reviewed by four researchers. Articles with irrelevant content were excluded. Data of the selected articles were analyzed using the content analysis method. Results: Of the 182 articles collected through searching the selected databases, 16 articles were analyzed. Based on the results of this study, strategic purchasing in the health system results in the delivery of services with higher quality. Conclusion: Strategic purchasing can enhance the performance of the health system through choosing the most appropriate provider and the most appropriate payment method, along with equity in providing quality health care services.


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of abdominal massage or oral lactic acid fermented milk to prevent constipation in patients immobilized after spinal surgery. Methods: Participants were 60 patients who underwent spinal surgery (20 in the abdominal massage group, 20 in the lactic acid group, and 20 in the control group). Preoperative constipation was assessed and after starting to eat following surgery, patients were given abdominal massage or lactic acid fermented milk for three days. Then bowel movements were checked using the constipation assessment scale and enemas. Results: Constipation score in the control group without treatment increased from 4.85±4.73 to 10.25±4.28 whereas, in the abdominal massage group or lactic acid group, the scores decreased from 6.40±3.71 to 5.23±3.43 and from 5.25±3.78 to 4.50 3.18 respectively. Also, enemas were given for 15 of 20 in the control group but only 7 of 20 in the abdominal massage group and 4 of 20 in lactic acid group. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that abdominal massage or lactic acid fermented milk to alleviate constipation in patients with immobility following spinal surgery is highly effective according to the constipation score and need for enemas.


Background Spontaneous cancers in companion dogs are increasingly recognized as robust models of human disease. This recognition has led to translational clinical trials in companion dogs with osteosarcoma, lymphoma, melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and soft tissue sarcoma. The ability to precisely track tumor-specific immune responses in such clinical trials would benefit from reagents to perform species-specific single cell T cell receptor sequencing (scTCRseq). This technology defines clones of T cells reacting to immune interventions and can help identify the specific epitope of response. Single cell gene expression data give insights into the activity and polarization of the T cell. To date, scTCRseq has not been demonstrated for canine samples. Methods Samples from two responding dogs in a trial of an autologous deglycosylated melanoma vaccine were selected to demonstrate applicability of scTCRseq in a cancer immunotherapy setting. A single-cell suspension of cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was prepared for 10X single cell sequencing. Full length 10X cDNA was amplified using a custom-designed nested PCR of the alpha/beta V(D)J region. A library made from this enriched product (scTCRseq) and a 10X gene expression (GEX) library (scRNAseq) were sequenced on the NovaSeq 6000. Results 1,850-2,172 estimated V(D)J-expressing cells yielded 87-103.7 million reads with 73.8%-75.8% mapped to a V(D)J gene (beta/alpha chains ratio 1.5:1). 43 TRAJ, 29 TRAV, 12 TRBJ, and 22 TRBV gene segments were observed representing 72.9%, 51.8%, 100%, and 62.9% of all known V and J gene segments respectively. A large diversity of clonotypes was captured with 966-1,253 TRA/TRB clonotypes identified. Both dogs also exhibited a small number of highly abundant T cell clonotypes suggesting the presence of an anti-tumor T cell population. GEX enriched libraries successfully defined large clusters of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells that overlapped with V(D)J-expressing cells. Discussion The developed reagents successfully generated scTCRseq data, for the first time, which allowed the T cell repertoire to be surveyed in dogs responding to anti-tumor immunotherapy. These reagents will allow longitudinal tracking of anti-tumor T cell dynamics in canine cancer immunotherapy trials.


The problem of the attitude recovery via three orthogonal magnetic torquers solely for a moment-biased microsatellite is investigated. Three orthogonal magnetic torquers are innovatively used to detumble the microsatellite and then recover the attitude. Feedback linearization method is adopted to obtain the linear attitude dynamics. Based on the linearization model a quasi PD controller is designed, meanwhile μ -synthesis control theory is adopted to synthesis the robust controller. The performance and robustness of the two type controllers are compared with the classical PD controller in a magnetic storm simulation scenario. The robustness superiority of the μ -synthesis controller over classical PD and quasi PD controllers is obviously.


Latin, Eighth and Ninth Grades: (KATHARINE M. STILWELL.) The students who began Latin in the Eighth Grade and those who began it in the Ninth Grade were found to be so near together in the quality of their work in January that they were put into one class, and January, therefore, was spent in helping them to become more familiar with the ideas and forms of expression used in Lessons I-VII and in the reading lessons of the Eighth Grade. Lessons IX and X were in consequence not taken up until February. In working out ' The Epitaph of a Fair Roman " it was thought best to add to this a full account of the Roman funeral that the


We employ a single-zone leptonic jet model, with synchrotron, synchrotron self-Compton, and external Compton (EC) processes, to reproduce the quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength spectral energy distributions in active and quiescent states of the narrow-line gamma-ray-loud radio source GB 1310+487. In the case of the EC process, the external seed photons from both the broad line region (BLR) and the dust torus are considered by assuming that the gamma-ray emission region is located at the outside boundary of the BLR and inside the dust torus. Comparing the energy density of external photon fields obtained by model fitting with that constrained from the BLR observations. We find that the location of the gamma-ray-emitting region of GB 1310+487 can be tightly constrained at the outer edge of the BLR (the dissipation distance of the γ-ray emission region from central black hole ). The ratio of magnetic energy and emitting-electron energy in the radiation blob ( ) is gradually increased from Flare 1, to Flare 2, to Post-flare, where the magnetic energy increases and the matter energy decreases. These results suggest that the conversion of the magnetic field and the matter (radiation electrons) energy and the location of the γ-ray emission region (or ambient photon field) may play an important role in different radiation states of GB 1310+487.


A new academic discipline, Survival Research, is proposed to investigate how the survival of the human species and its civilizations can be assured. Today nuclear weapons, overpopulation, and the deteriorating environment threaten our future. These phenomena are interconnected, and must be considered together in their complexity in an interdisciplinary manner. Some major obstacles to a wider awareness of the problems and solutions are described. Survival issues, primarily ecological ones, have lately lost ground, especially in the United States. It is essential that those still concerned, especially teachers and journalists, be informed about the problems and the urgency for finding solutions.


Environmental crime happened a long time and occurs every year in Indonesia. In carrying out law enforcement in the field of the environment, especially in the forestry sector would not necessarily be carried out by the Indonesian National Police in view of the many obstacles encountered made the police should be assisted by the Civil Servant Investigators Forestry Service and the High Court of Riau that has been set in the contitution authorities between law enforcement agencies to coordinate and cooperate in the prevention and eradication of forest destruction.The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of coordination that has been by the Directorate of Special Criminal Riau Police, Civil Servant Investigators Forestry Service and the High Court of Riau in prevention and law enforcement in the forestry sector in accordance with Law Number 18 Year 2013 on the Prevention and Eradication of forest destruction, to determine obstacles in preventing and combating forest destruction, and to know the effort in overcoming dam prevention and eradication of forest destruction.This type of research is a sociological research, because this research author directly conduct research on the location or point examined in order to provide a complete and clear picture of the issues examined. This research was conducted at the Directorate of Special Crime, the Forest Service and the High Court of Riau.The prevention and destruction of forest law enforcement, law enforcement officers in the value is less coordination and lack of cooperation among law enforcement agencies. For that law enforcement officers are expected to further improve coordination in order to create its enforcement of the law especially those in the forestry sector.


Abstract This work uses an experimental design with random assignment to test the effect of guilt on demand for ethical product attributes, with a focus on goods produced by monasteries and other religiously affiliated organizations. On average, individuals assigned a positive premium to organic and local attributes, but only those with a religious affiliation assigned a positive value to the monastic attribute. Induction of reactive guilt was found to increase non-religious participants' product ratings, but to decrease ratings among those with a religious affiliation. These findings suggest that the monastic attribute is not universally desirable despite that monastic, organic, and local producers share many of the same ethical principles. These results also underscore potentially important heterogeneity in moral cleansing behaviors by religious identity. The potential for religious identity to affect moral balancing has important implications for the study of pro-social and pro-environmental behavior, broadly, and ethical consumption, more specifically. Together, these findings contribute to the literature on the effect of moral emotions on economic behavior and provide the first analysis of willingness to pay for monastic goods.


. To analyse the phylogenetic relationships of members of the family Erebidae, the mitogenomes of two species name-ly, Hypospila bolinoides Guenée, 1852 and Lygephila dorsigera (Walker, 1865) were sequenced . H. bolinoides and L. dorsigera have circular genomes that are 15,640 bp and 15,567 bp long, respectively. Despite their diff erent lengths, both genomes contain an identical gene order, which includes 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes and an A+T-rich region. The nucleotide composition of the H. bolinoides mitogenome vis-à-vis the A+T rich region was 80.08%, which is higher than that of L. dorsigera (78.03%). The AT skew and GC skew were mostly negative for both species. The A+T-rich regions of H. bolinoides and L. dorsigera were 287 bp and 383 bp long, respectively, and confi ned to common characteristics of Noctuoidea. Concatenated sequences of 13 PCGs from 170 taxa belonging to the fi ve families of the superfamily Noctuoidea and two butterfl y mitogenomes used as outgroups were utilized for Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) analyses. The fi rst-ever comprehensive analysis of the mitogenomes of the genera Lygephila (Billberg, 1820) and Hypospila (Guenée, 1852) revealed that the superfamily Noctuoidea has a well supported monophyletic relationship with (Notodontidae + (Erebidae + (Nolidae + (Euteliidae + Noctuidae))). In support of previous partial genome analyses, the present study provides phylogenomic evidence that L. dorsigera , hitherto classifi ed as a member of the subfamily Erebinae, can be placed within the subfamily Toxocampinae.


Despite the ordinal nature of Self-Rated Health (SRH) variable, logistic regression models or regression models have been used without adequate justification for these applications. It is shown that ordered-logit regression model is the appropriate statistical strategy to estimate SRH, whereas the Ordinary LeastSquares model leads to biased conclusions.


Considering the wide coverage, the transparency from climate condition, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) possesses a great potential for the landcover classification as shown in many precedent researches. In addition to the capability of InSAR signatures such as amplitude and phase coherence, the temporal variations of them provide highly useful information to discriminate the landcover classes of the target area. Therefore we devise a landcover classification scheme using the time series analysis of InSAR pairs. Combining the temporal signatures by the non linear dimension compression, it was expected to provide a highly reliable information to interpret landcover. The prototype implementation was tested in Mountain Baekdu located on the border between North Korea and China and Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) of Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS). The algorithms combining kernel Principle Component Analysis (kPCA) to analyze the phase coherence and backscattering coefficient was established. The results using InSAR signatures from two polarization modes of ALOS PALSAR were validated compared with Moderate resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) landcover classification and showed good reliability for mining landcover and vegetation information. In addition, the potential with C band ENVISAT ASAR packet composition were further examined. It will be upgraded for the application of next generation C and L band spaceborne SAR imagery.


Experimental studies on rock damage process based on acoustic emission(AE) technique were carried out under cyclic loading.On the basis of damage theory and load/unload response ratio theory,a mathematical model of the relationship between rock damage and AE numbers was established to study the rock damage process and the precursor of rock failure.The results showed that acoustic emission principles can reflect the rock damage process.Under cyclic loading,rock damage increases with stress level during the unload phase,but the Y value of acoustic emission load/unload ratio decreases gradually.For most rock specimens,the Y value reaches 1 and fluctuates in a small range when rocks reach the later phase of elastic deformation,which can be seen as a precursory characteristic to rock failure and this is meaningful to the forecasting of rock unstable failure under cyclic loading.


A fully three-dimensional finite difference baroclinic model system for hydrodynamics and cohesive sediment trans- port is described. The hydrodynamic model is based on the hydrostatic and Boussinesq approximations. The simulation of co- hesive sediment transport processes is performed solving the 3D-conservative advection-diffusion equation. The model is ECOMSED (Estuarine Coastal and Ocean Modeling System with Sediment) developed by HydroQual, Inc., (2002) which is ap- plied to the transport of cohesive sediments in the Mahakam Estuary, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The model was run for 15 days (27 June-12 July 2000) driven by tidal forcing at the open boundary and river discharge at the upstream. The observed temperature, salinity, and suspended sediment data were available for the start of the simulation. Good agreement was found between model results and observed temporal and spatial variations in water elevation, currents, and suspended sediment con- centration (SSC) in the Mahakam Estuary. During the flood tidal condition, the tidal current advected the higher salinity water into the estuary, resulting in a relatively large salinity gradient inside the estuary. During the ebb tidal condition, the combined gravitational and tidal flows moved the low salinity water seaward from the upstream, leading to a rapid decrease of salinity near the mouth of the estuary. The simulation results of suspended sediment transport in the Mahakam Estuary nearly followed the salinity transport. The suspended sediments were mainly transported from Mahakam river towards Muara Pegah and Muara Jawa than Muara Berau and Muara Bayur. The SSC at Muara Jawa, Muara Pegah, and Muara Kaeli was mainly influ- enced by river discharge, meanwhile at Muara Bayur it was dominated by tidal current.


ABSTRACT This paper proposes a Fuzzy technique for the thrust control of small-scale turbo-jet engines, as an effective alternative to conventional PID techniques. Fuzzy rules have been preliminarly chosen and tuned so as to achieve rapidity and stability of response, as well as absence of overshoots, by simulating the transient operation of the Pegasus MK3 small-scale turbo-jet. Three experimental tests with large increases or decreases of set thrust have been carried out on the same engine: excellent results in terms of response speed, stability and absence of overshoots have been achieved. The proposed thrust control technique has general validity and can be applied to any small-scale turbojet engine, as well as to microturbines for electricity production, provided that thrust being substituted with the net mechanical power. INTRODUCTION Recently, the development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has increased the interest for small turbojet engines [1,2,3,4] derived from turbocharger rotor components. A small-scale turbojet engine can also be employed as gas generator core for small ramjet engines, powering supersonic UAVs. For both applications, i.e., for small portable power generation systems and for mini or micro UAVs, the potentially very high power density of the gas turbine allows a strong reduction in battery, and thus of the overall system weight [5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Such a rapid development makes it crucial to develop a fast and reliable thrust control system for these small-scale turbojet engines. Most of the automatic controls employed in industrial application are based on PID (Proportional, Integral, Derivative) algorithms, which are the most common and studied controllers. In addition to PID controllers, research is studying alternatives such as control systems based on Fuzzy logic: several authors report theoretical studies of Fuzzy controllers and applications to real systems [12-22]. Fuzzy logic is much closer to human reasoning than conventional algorithms: it is mainly based on the employment of degrees of partial truth, which allows to study a physical phenomenon thoroughly. For these reasons Fuzzy logic fits very well to nonlinear systems and to systems whose mathematical model is not known [12,15]. As for the conventional controllers, the controllers based on Fuzzy logic may have a proportional action (P), a proportional-integral action (PI) or a proportional-integral-derivative action (PID). This paper describes the application of a PI Fuzzy controller for the automatic control of the axial thrust of a turbojet engine, namely "Pegasus MK3". The paper will first propose a brief description of the Pegasus small-scale turbojet engine and of the experimental rig employed to test the turbojet engine. Then, characteristics of the closed-loop control are described and parameters of the Fuzzy controller are reported in detail. Some experimental tests will be finally presented to validate the proposed thrust control technique.


An increase in the number of patients with asbestos-related diseases was manifested by analysis of autopsy cases registered in the Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan (by the Japanese Society of Pathology), and the increase incidence implies that health hazard due to asbestos exposure has extended to asbestos workers and some residents in Japan. Asbestos body counts in the lungs of autopsies performed at random of 235 patients revealed that the positive rate was 97.4%. Pollution by asbestos has widely affected the residents in Japan. In addition, from the counts of asbestos bodies in asbestos-related diseases, approximately a half of malignant mesothelioma and 10% of lung cancer patients has been received an occupational asbestos exposure. In our selected asbestos-related diseases, mainly amosite and crocidolite were found in the lungs. The long fibers with a high aspect ratio were frequently found to be amosite fibers. Among crocidolite fibers, thin fibers with a high aspect ratio were also found frequently. It is thought that such size in both fibers has biologically strong effects. Asbestos bodies were frequently formed in long fibers with a high aspect ratio, and it means that their counts evaluate harmful fibers. Therefore, the evaluation of asbestos body counts is a good indicator for asbestos exposure.      It almost relies on the import for the use of asbestos in Japan, and an amount of the import was about 300000 tons until 1990. The latent period of the asbestos-related diseases is 20-40 year. Therefore, an increase of the patients with asbestos-related diseases will be worried in the future.


Momordica charantia, a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, is known as bitter melon, bitter gourd, balsam pear, karela, and pare. It grows in tropical areas of the Amazon, East Africa, Asia, India, South America, and the Caribbean and is used traditionally as both food and medicine. Bitter gourd was analyzed in two forms; whole bitter gourd powder and seed powder for proximate and vitamin C and products were developed using both types of powder followed by sensory evaluation using the 9-point hedonic scale. The results revealed that the presence of nutrients comprising moisture; 91.02 and 91.36, ash; 0.9 and 0.2, protein; 1.27 and 1.46, fat; 2.10 and 1.05, fiber; 0.57 and 0.86,carbohydrate; 4.74 and 4.02, and vitamin C; 86 and 92. Products developed from bitter gourd powder and bitter gourd seed powders were uttpam and palak patoda. Bitter gourd powder uttpam was more acceptable than that of control and bitter gourd seed powder, while control palak patoda was more acceptable than that of bitter gourd powder and bitter gourd seed powder palak patoda. This study suggests the need to explore this largely consumed twin trait vegetable, which should include the identification of antinutritional factors and the effect of processing on their reduction.


Recently, I was asked to be the technical editor for a book that purported to put in one volume all the knowledge gained from an MBA program. Since a typical MBA program requires two full years of study, this was an ambitious undertaking. Always up for a challenge, I decided to give it a look. First, I skimmed through the text. The section that caught my attention, and stopped me for a closer read, was the one on strategic planning.


Binary decision diagrams (BDDs) are used for automatic synthesis and formal verification of combinational and sequential circuits. However, a larger adoption of these technologies for sequential designs still depends on a more efficient use of BDDs. One important factor is the order of the variables in the BDD, which has a direct impact on the space (and time) requirements of the reachability algorithms. As the problem for finding the best order is NP-complete and requires, in practice, static and dynamic ordering heuristics, we introduce a new approach for finding an initial order for BDDs involved in the design of sequential circuits. This approach, called the weighting heuristics, has been implemented in the VIS toolset and favorably compares with state-of-the art heuristics.


The uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) is used to obtained a frequency-domain solution for acoustic point-source diffraction by a 90 degrees C step in a plane-surface with a hard boundary condition. The time-domain solution is then construction for an appropriate seismic pulse in which the low-frequency components are suppressed and the results presented in a form for geophysical interpretation. It is noted that results generated using the solutions thus obtained are in better agreement with experiment than numerical values based on the Kirchhoff method.<<ETX>>


This paper presents a new online health diagnosis method of the mine hoister based on the multi-sensor information fusion and fuzzy sets. A calculating method of the mass function for this system based on the fuzzy set was given. The correlation coefficients are replaced by the membership function using the fuzzy theory. The mass functions are obtained according to the object types. This method is suitable for the online health diagnosis systems. By using the Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidential theory, the information fusion is carried out. In the end, we used the above methods in the health diagnosis system of the mine hoister. The diagnosis result indicates that these methods can improve the accuracy and reliability of health diagnosis of the mine hoister effectively.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a pattern of interlocking directorates is emerging following reforms in Mexican corporations, and who, if any, are the powerful actors in this network. Drawing on the Bourdieusian notion of social capital, the paper also analyses theoretically the interlocking directorates, networks and powerful actors, and their influences on and potential implications for corporate governance mechanisms. Design/methodology/approach – The data used in the study consisted of 1,442 internal and external board members of the population of 126 Mexican corporations trading on the Mexican Stock Market as of January 2011. Use of social network analysis (SNA) demonstrates individuals' links with corporations and allows the production of spatial maps to visualise the network structure of interlocking boards. Findings – Using the measures of SNA developed by Freeman (1979 and Bonacich (1972), the authors identify the most powerful and influential directors in the networ...


The last ethnic conflict in the Balkans was ended on 10 June 1999. On the same day, the UN Security Council adopted resolution 1244, in which the Security Council announced their decision to deploy international civil and security presence in Kosovo, under United Nations auspices. Taking into account that the UN Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security, there is a question what did the UN Security Council do to avoid the conflict in Kosovo in 1999. The aim of the article is to find the answer to the question why the UN Security Council failed and why the NATO took the leading role in the wake of a deepening conflict in this region. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n9p436


In the research of phased array antenna's radiation antenna, the key point is the accurate characterization of the array element's radiation characteristic. In this paper, Huygens surface radiation theory was adopted to derive the radiation computing model of the printed dipole antenna array element. This model is different from the other wire dipole model because it has considered the array element's surface radiation characteristics. The numerical validation shows that the error of the model is less than 3dB.


Fire Draining,Blood Calming,Spleen Kidney Nourishing Therapy"was used to treat 35 cases of refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP).The bleeding condition,platelet count,platelet related antibody,T subsets were observed.Results showed that 2 cases got cure,7 cases excellent effects,11 cases good effects,11 cases improvement and 4 cases failure;that when the platelet related antibody obviously reduced,the bleeding lessened and general symptoms improved.


Five genotypes of melon were obtained from Cornell University named, Line 00-1107 (P 1 ); Line 00-1102 (P 2 ); Line 00-1117 (P 3 ); Line 00-1109A (P 4 ) and Line 00-1113 (P 5 ) which crossed in a half diallel mating design in Kaha Research Farm, Horticultural Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre in the Kalyobiya Governorate, Egypt, during the planting summer seasons 2021 and all genotypes were evaluated during 2022 season. The results indicated that the genotypes in the study possessed high variability for all the studied traits. There were high differences between the crosses for mid parent and better parent heterosis in all the studied traits. F 1 hybrids (P 3 ×P 4 ) and (P 4 ×P 5 ) gave the highest means for yield and yield attributes. The magnitudes of GCA and SCA effects were significantly which indicated the presence of both additive and dominance gene effect in governing all the studied traits. The GCA/SCA ratio was more than one which indicates that additive gene effect was more important in the inheritance of the studied traits. General combining ability analysis exhibited that P 3 and P 4 could be considered as promising parents in breeding programs to produce melon hybrids. Heritability in the broad sense was larger in values than their corresponding heritability in narrow sense, which indicates the large effects of the genetic variance on the expression of these traits. The obtained results of heritability evaluation presented additional evidence about predominance of dominance gene effect in the inheritance of the studied traits. Therefore, hybridization program could be used for producing superior promising melon hybrids.


This work presents the problem of integrating heterogeneous software tools and databases in a generic distributed platform focused on genomic applications. A new system concept, named GenoMEDIA is presented. This platform allows users to access in a uniform and transparent manner these heterogeneous data and tools. The user submits both data and goal to a generic query point of GenoMEDIA, which delivers him the result after processing. The data are passed through several corresponding services in order to reach the users goal. The services supported by GenoMEDIA could be either developed by the user itself or imported from any remote server. This platform is partially operational and was validated with various services and functionalities. Several applications are now available throvigh GenoMEDIA; most of them are focused on 3D modeling and processing of genomes. The platform integrates also a genomic database that informs and responds many users' and applications' requests, and on which various operations could be performed. Each service, offered by GenoMEDIA, is the results of one or several agents.


Estimation of the dimension of the signal subspace, or order detection, is one of the key issues in many signal processing problems. Information theoretic criteria are widely used to estimate the order under the independently and identically distributed (i.i.d.) sampling assumption. However, in many applications, the i.i.d. sampling assumption does not hold. Previous approaches address the dependent sample issue by downsampling the data set so that existing order detection methods can be used. By discarding data, the sample size is decreased causing degradation in the accuracy of the order estimation. In this paper, we introduce two likelihood estimators for dependent samples based on two signal models. The likelihood for each signal model is developed based on the entire data set and used in an information theoretic framework to achieve reliable order estimation performance for dependent samples. Experimental results show the desirable performance of the new method.


Market prices for timber are a crucial factor in forest management. Their variability over time is measured for
individual species by an index called the volatility index. This article provides a tentative approach to the
study of the volatility of timber prices. It proposes a method for calculating volatility and the difference
between volatility and standard deviation, which is another statistical element used to describe the fluctuations
of a variable. It then provides an order of magnitude of the volatility of some of the main forest
species in France on the basis of calculations using the data published every two months in the La Foret
privee review. Finally, these volatilities are analysed taking into consideration the particular species, the
grade of the wood and the period of assessment.


Emotional-processing deficits may be one of the characteristic features of impaired affect in individuals with psychopathy. These include shallowness and profound lack of remorse or empathy. Performances on standardized emotion discrimination tasks and mood induction tasks were compared between 17 patients with antisocial personality disorder (DSM-IV) and 17 nonpsychopaths. Subjects with psychopathic personality demonstrated poorer performance on emotion-discrimination tasks compared with controls. However, higher scores on factor "emotional detachment" of the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-R) were associated with better discrimination ability. Subjective ratings were comparable between groups during mood induction. Although the findings support the hypothesis of a significant association between impaired emotional processing and psychopathy, they also suggest a relationship between emotional discrimination and the core personality features of psychopathy. Aggr. Behav. 28:394–400, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


The present invention can be capable of improving the user's convenience Thus as presented to the user that in the case of reproducing a plurality of selectable content viewing form in which streaming distribution (distribute) via the network, the viewing form can be converted It provides a reproduction apparatus. Content reproduction apparatus control information indicating a selectable plurality of view types for the image contents and receiving means for receiving via a network from a content distribution system, and presenting means for providing to the user a plurality of view the form of choices, choices and the input accepting means for accepting a user input for selecting one from, and a request means for requesting the stream distribution of the video image contents by transmitting the information representing the selected viewing form in the content delivery system.


Pure aluminum (Al) thin films were sputter deposited under conditions of variable base pressure of the deposition tool. The purpose of the study was to identify if the base pressure had a key influence on the electrochemical properties, namely corrosion resistance, of the Al deposits. The corrosion resistance was found to increase with increasingly high base pressure (i.e. lower quality vacuum). Potentiodynamic polarization experiments, pit growth studies, TEM and XPS were employed. From the results is posited that improved corrosion resistance is due to the presence of oxygen (O) being incorporated into the films during deposition resulting an O-containing (i.e. Al-O) alloy. This effect is important to identify because of the many reports in the literature of high pitting potentials for Al thin films, from studies with widely varying base pressure. Vacuum system base pressure was found to have a large effect on the corrosion resistance. A maximum base pressure in the low 10-7 Torr range is recommended to minimize oxygen uptake into the film.


The optical properties of Ti2AlN and Ti2AlC were determined in the 2–80 eV energy range by electron energy loss spectroscopy and in the visible-ultraviolet range, from 1.6 to 5.5 eV, by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Both experimental techniques are angular resolved and in very good agreement over their overlapping energy range. We observe a dependence of the dielectric function as a function of the crystallographic orientation of the crystals. In particular, we notice a shift of the energy position of the plasmon absorption of Ti2AlC with respect to Ti2AlN. Moreover, a drastic change is also observed in the shape of the dielectric function as a function of the composition (or valence electron concentration). The dielectric functions are fitted to an empirical semiclassic Drude–Lorentz model to obtain physical parameters such as the relaxation times. These microscopic parameters are then used in a macroscopic model to yield the transport properties such as the static conductivity as function of the crystal o...


In this study, statistical analysis have been done for 447 earthquake occurrences data, between north (39.50-41.50) and east (26.00-32.50) coordinates in the Marmara Region from 1900 to 2000. It has been found that the probability density and distribution functions of magnitude random variable, and then the return period of earthquakes of various magnitudes have been found.


THE SPECTACLE APPEARS at once as society itself, as a part of society and as a means of unification As a part of society, it is that sector where all attention, all consciousness converges THE SPECTACLE IS NOT a collection of images;rather, it is a social relationship between people that is mediated by images [1]


Two n-type semiconducting polymers with alternating arylene (thiophene or selenophene)–tetraazabenzodifluoranthene diimide (BFI) donor–acceptor architecture have been investigated as new electron acceptors in polymer/polymer blend solar cells. The new selenophene-linked polymer, PBFI-S, has a significantly smaller optical band gap (1.13 eV) than the thiophene-linked PBFI-T (1.38 eV); however, both polymers have similar HOMO/LUMO energy levels determined from cyclic voltammetry. Blends of PBFI-T with the thiazolothiazole–dithienylsilole donor polymer (PSEHTT) gave a 2.60% power conversion efficiency (PCE) with a 7.34 mA/cm2 short-circuit current. In contrast, PBFI-S:PSEHTT blends had a 0.75% PCE with similarly reduced photocurrent and external quantum efficiency. Reduced free energy for charge transfer and reduced bulk electron mobility in PBFI-S:PSEHTT blends compared to PBFI-T:PSEHTT blends as well as significant differences in bulk film morphology are among the reasons for the large loss in efficiency i...


The slag-based glass-ceramics can be obtained by the molten steel slag casting process and the heat treatment process.The slag-based glass-ceramic samples have bean analyzed by XRD,electrical probe,and SEM.The results show that dominant crystalline phase is diopside[CaMg(SiO-3)-2];and the shape of the diopside is like the leaves,with the coarse,needle-like branches;and the sizes of the crystals are about 7m.


The invention provides a crosstalk value test device. The test device comprises a test base station which is used for placing a 3D display module, wherein the 3D display module comprises a 3D display screen; a first brightness test unit which is used for obtaining brightness values of a test point of the 3D display screen at a plurality of first detection angles, wherein the first brightness test unit and the 3D display screen are arranged in opposite at an interval; a second brightness test unit which is used for obtaining brightness values of the test point of the 3D display screen at a plurality of second detection angles, wherein the first brightness test unit and the 3D display are arranged in opposite at the interval; and a processor which is electrically connected with the 3D display module, the first brightness test unit and the second brightness test unit and is used for controlling a display image of the 3D display screen, calculating a right eye crosstalk value according to the brightness values obtained by the first brightness test unit, and calculating a left eye crosstalk value according to the brightness values obtained by the second brightness test unit. The test device is simple in operation, the test time is reduced, and the test efficiency is improved.