Reflected in the growing body of literature, urban heat mitigation is increasingly relevant as cities experience extreme heat, exacerbated by climate change and rapid urbanisation. Most studies focus on urban–rural temperature differences, known as the Urban Heat Island, which does not provide insight into urban heat dynamics. Here, we synthesise current knowledge on spatio-temporal variations of heat sources and sinks, showing that a targeted and absolute understanding of urban heat dynamics rather than an urban–rural comparison should be encouraged. We discuss mechanisms of heat sinks for microclimate control, provide a clear classification of Blue Green Systems and evaluate current knowledge of their effectiveness in urban heat mitigation. We consider planning and optimisation aspects of Blue Green Infrastructure (greenery and water bodies/features), interactions with hard surfaces and practices that ensure space and water availability. Blue Green Systems can positively affect urban microclimates, especially when strategically planned to achieve synergies. Effectiveness is governed by their dominant cooling mechanisms that show diurnal and seasonal variability and depend upon background climatic conditions and characteristics of surrounding urban areas. Situationally appropriate combination of various types of Blue Green Systems and their connectivity increases heat mitigation potential while providing multiple ecosystem services but requires further research.


We investigate the quantum dynamics of two-boson and two-level systems interacting with a one-mode photon field. The time evolution of the population for each state is calculated in terms of the Jaynes–Cummings model. We find the collapses and revivals of the order parameter for the Bose–Einstein condensation. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 84: 401–408, 2001


The article analyzes the special role of legal fictions and presumptions as the tools of the Succession Law regulation in comparison or Russian and American Law. Author depicts the difference of methods of these instruments use, concerning theories, classifications in relation to succession. The mechanism of legal paradoxes as the consequences of fictions is revealed.


The growing bacteria drug resistance has seriously threatened the "antibiotic miracle", while traditional approaches for new antibiotics discovery could not combat this problem and novel solutions are urgently needed. Recently, new methods and technologies such as novel screening model establishment, genome mining and combinatorial biosynthesis have revolutionized the screening of natural products. Applying these technologies offers a unique opportunity to re-establish actinobecteria as a major source for drug discovery. These new advances and technologies are described in this review.


An evaluation of two approaches to localized hotspot cooling is conducted through both numerical modeling and experimental demonstration, with the advantages and limitations of each approach highlighted. The first approach, locally increasing the density of pins in a micro pin fin heat sink, was shown through numerical modeling to deliver a factor of two enhancement in effective heat transfer coefficient by doubling the pin density near the hotspot. This simpler approach to maintaining temperature uniformity eliminates the need for hotspot specific fluid routing and delivery, and also has minimal impact on the larger flow field. Dedicated hotspot coolers, on the other hand, have the ability to dissipate significantly larger heat fluxes while maintaining manageable pressure drops, because the flow rate to the dedicated cooler can be closely matched to the demands of the hotspot. Dissipation of hotspot heat fluxes in excess of 2 kW/cm2 is demonstrated experimentally using a two phase dedicated hotspot cooler. However, dedicated coolers require additional fluidic routing and manifolding to efficiently deliver the coolant to the hotspot. These integration concerns are considered in concert with the performance of the hotspot cooler itself to enable better informed thermal design for both system level and device level cooling.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


Radioactive ruthenium labelled microspheres 15 ± 3 μm in diameter were used to determine distribution of cardiac output in unfed control (35 °C) and unfed cold stressed (5 °C) piglets 3.5 h of age. The cold stress produced an average 7.1 °C drop in rectal temperature and a redistribution of blood flow. In cold exposed piglets the adrenal fraction of cardiac output was significantly (P   0.05) affected by cold exposure.


A process for producing cellulolytic and / or hemicellulolytic enzymes uses the residue of the ethanolic fermentation of enzymatic hydrolysates of cellulosic or lignocellulosic materials. This method can be integrated into a process for producing ethanol from cellulosic or lignocellulosic materials which comprises the following steps: 1) the chemical and / or physical pretreatment of a cellulosic or lignocellulosic substrate; 2) enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated substrate using cellulolytic and / or hemicellulolytic enzymes, 3) ethanol fermentation by an appropriate alcoholic microorganism of the hydrolyzate from step (2) and obtaining a fermentation must; and4) separating the alcoholic microorganism used in step (3), separating / purifying the ethanol and obtaining an aqueous phase constituting a residue; and wherein said residue is for producing the cellulolytic and / or hemicellulolytic enzymes used in step (2).


Summary: Initial reliability and validity of the Urologic Health Self-management Scale were obtained. The Urologic Health Self-management Scale can be used in clinical practice and related research to assess women's urologic health self-management behaviors or effects of relevant interventions. Content Outline: Introduction: Poor urologic health has negative effects on individuals' general health, daytime functions, and quality of life. Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in women is higher than that in men. However, information related to women's urologic health self-management behaviors is limited. We generated a scale to assess women's urologic health self-management behaviors and initially evaluated the scale's psychometric properties among a sample of women with type 2 diabetes. Body: The initial version of the Urologic Health Self-management Scale contained 40 items. After the evaluations of the 40-item scale's content validity and a pilot study, the 41-item Urologic Health Self-management Scale was generated. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify latent factorial structure of the developed scale. The EFA resulted in a 34-item version scale with 8 aspects (factors) which explained 66.62% of the total variance. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of the 34-item Urologic Health Self-management Scale were adequate. Conclusion: Initial reliability and validity of the Urologic Health Self-management Scale were obtained. The Urologic Health Self-management Scale can be used in clinical practice and related research to assess women's urologic health self-management behaviors or effects of related interventions. First Primary Presenting Author Primary Presenting Author Yuan-Mei Liao, PhD, RN National Yang-Ming University Institute of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing Associate Professor Linong Street Taipei City Taiwan Author Summary: Yuan-Mei Liao is an Associate Professor at the National Yang-Ming University. Dr. Liao is engaged in several research projects related to women's health, urologic health care, and symptom assessment/management. Dr. Liao turns her attention to urologic health care since 1998, and her dedication to women's health is unwavering. Second Author Yi-San Tsai, MSN, RN Taipei Municipal WanFang Hospital Department of Nursing Assistant Head Nurse


The southernmost 200 km of the San Andreas fault in California, from Cajon Pass
southeast to Bombay Beach on the Salton Sea (Figure 1), has not produced a major earthquake
within the historic record. Both geodetic evidence of continuing strain accumulation (Savage et al,
1986) and the occurrence of recent prehistoric large earthquakes (Sieh, 1986; Sieh and Williams,
1990), however, lead us to conclude that this fault segment will eventually produce great
earthquakes that pose one of the greatest hazards to southern California. An estimated 1.0-1.5
million people now live adjacent to the San Andreas fault within the projected zone of severe
shaking for such an earthquake. A magnitude 7.5 to 8.0 earthquake on this segment would also
cause widespread damage to San Bernardino, Imperial, Riverside, Orange, and Los Angeles
counties, which together have over 12 million inhabitants. For these reasons, the Southern San
Andreas Fault Working Group was formed in 1989 to recommend how the scientific community
might best respond to anomalous geophysical activity along the fault, increase our understanding
of regional seismotectonics, and offer timely scientific advice to state and local governments.


It is found that the volatile products of methyl methacrylate plasma can very actively initiate the polymerization of the monomer to produce ultrahigh molecular weight polymers. This polymerization of MMA occurs by a livlng free radical mechanism with instantaneous initiation and monomer transfer.


Original scientific paper In this article, we present the control framework and services scenarios of provisioning N-Screen services in interactive digital signage. Digital Signage provides a variety of high-resolution content and information displays at different public places and events. Provisioning N-Screen services in interactive digital signage enables the service providers to provide content to heterogeneous devices, allows the end user to share content from the digital signage to the user N-Screen devices and vice versa at different locations and times. We provide N-Screen services in interactive digital signage by adapting the content user interface according to user's N-Screen device size, layout, localized content adaptation, synchronization and session continuity over heterogeneous devices. We introduce the N-Screen User Interface Management Server (NUIMS), Digital Signage Management Server (DSMS), and Localized Content and Session Management Agent (LCSMA) to support N-Screen services. Furthermore, the N-Screen Devices Repository (NDR) at the DSMS keeps the users N-Screen devices static profile in order to share the content across all of their devices, and the LCSMA maintains the dynamic profile to synchronize content on heterogeneous devices. In addition, we suggest procedures, protocols and service scenarios to share the content of the digital signage to user's N-Screen devices, methods to synchronize the content display over heterogeneous signage displays with content session continuity and to share with other users using the user information server.


The starting position before the elections to the Hamburg parliament was favorable for the governing red-green coalition . The citizens of Hamburg expected an exciting neck-and-neck race between SPD Mayor Peter Tschentscher and his Green challenger Katharina Fegebank, who passionately advocated a turnaround in climate and mobility policies . The duel of the Red-Green top politicians in Hamburg caused the opposition to disappear . The more intensively the issues were discussed during the election campaign, the more the mayor was able to distance himself from his challenger as a guarantor of "basic city functions" . On the election evening, the SPD felt itself as winner - with a score of 39 .2 percent and a 15-point lead over the Greens, and vice-Chancellor Olaf Scholz, Tschentscher's predecessor in the office of Hamburg's mayor, re-emerged as the SPD's candidate for chancellor . But the election's real winner was the Green party . Compared to the 2015 election, they managed not only to double their vote share, but to also achieve their second-best result in a German state election . In the end, the SPD was nevertheless largely able to prevail over the Greens in the coalition negotiations owed to their campaign finish and the pressure to reach an agreement that ensued from the coronavirus crisis, which set in in mid-March .


Objective To clear the biomechanical properties of three fixation instruments in tibia proximal fracture,and 28 cases of patients treated with intramedullary interlocking nail were followed up.Methods 32 tibia specimens were divided into four groups at random,one group was normal contrast,the other groups were made into oblique fracture modals in Ⅱarea of the tibia,and were fixed by Grosse-kempf nails,L-dynamic compression plates(L-DCP) and unilateral external fixations.Bone density of proximal tibia were examined by quantitative compute tomography.The compression test,three-bending test and stress-strain test were conducted on each specimen.All the patients treated with intramedullary interlocking nail were followed up.Results(1) Bone density of individual test groups did not differ significantly from each other.(2) The rigidity of anticompression shows G-K nail is the strongest,and anti-bending test shows L-DCP is the strongest,there is significant difference in all groups.External fixation is the least.(3) The varies of stain in G-K nail is the weakest compared to L-DCP and external fixation.(4)Clinical study were evaluated according to the criterion of Joher-Wruhs,the excellent and good rates are 78.1%.Conclusion Interlocking intramedullary nail can achieve the firm fixation and stress shielding is the least in the proximal fracture of tibia.


The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between married couples' premarital expectations and marital satisfaction in the Bole sub-city of Addis Ababa. A quantitative descriptive survey was employed in this study. A sample of 100 married couples (200 participants) was used as a primary source of data. The sampling technique employed was a convenience sampling method. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from primary sources. Pearson's correlation, standard linear regression, one way ANOVA, and independent T-test were used as data analysis techniques with an acceptable significance level (p < 0.05). The result of the study indicated that there was a significantly positive relationship between premarital expectation and marital satisfaction. Marital communication was observed to have a statistically significant predictor effect on marital satisfaction. Socio-demographic factors assumed to have a contribution to variance in premarital expectations and marital satisfaction of couples have been identified; educational level, religious affiliation, and source of marital information were identified to have a contribution to differences in premarital expectation. Age, religious affiliation, income level, and duration of courtship were identified to have a significant contribution to differences in marital satisfaction of married couples. The findings of the study have practical implications in marriage counseling, couples capacity building training, couples conflict resolution, and for researchers in the area of marriage and marital relationship.


Considerable practical interest exists in being able to automatically determine whether a recorded magnetic resonance image is affected by motion artifacts caused by patient movements during scanning. Existing approaches usually rely on the use of navigators or external sensors to detect and track patient motion during image acquisition. In this work, we present an algorithm based on convolutional neural networks that enables fully automated detection of motion artifacts in MR scans without special hardware requirements. The approach is data driven and uses the magnitude of MR images in the spatial domain as input. We evaluate the performance of our algorithm on both synthetic and real data and observe adequate performance in terms of accuracy and generalization to different types of data. Our proposed approach could potentially be used in clinical practice to tag an MR image as motion-free or motion-corrupted immediately after a scan is finished. This process would facilitate the acquisition of high-quality MR images that are often indispensable for accurate medical diagnosis.


A 72-year-old woman was admitted in the Cardiology Department for respiratory insufficiency. ECG revealed atrial fibrillation, and echocardiography revealed heart failure with an estimated left ventricular ejection fraction of 25%. Chest roentgenogram revealed multiple nodules, and chest CT scan revealed multiple dense nodules surrounded by ground-glass attenuation (halo sign) with …


In this paper, the idea of Mid-point ellipse drawing algorithm on a hexagonal grid is proposed. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared to that of the conventional ellipse drawing algorithm on a square grid. The qualitative and execution time analysis proves that the proposed algorithm performs better than the conventional ellipse drawing algorithm on a square grid.


Aquarium-bred adult and juvenile Tilapia mossambica Peters can produce sounds ofvarying frequency, duration and intensity. However, minor environmental disturbancesmay cause the fish to fall silent for long periods. The sounds produced by excited feedingfishes are different from those produced by territorial males and from those emitted by fryswimming in school formation. The frequency of the sounds recorded varied from about1–16 kHz; no data are available on frequencies lower than 1 kHz. The sound producingmechanism consists of a single ventral and two dorsal pharyngeals located in the buccalcavity and provided with numerous small teeth. These teeth have a specially modifieddistal surface area which is already evident in younger fish. Young Tilapia, including3-week old fry, are able to emit sounds as soon as a sufficient number of teeth havedeveloped in the pharyngeal region.


The present invention is a medicament container and the solution was the communication with the plastic vessel containing a mixture of fully sterile solid and a powder and freeze-dried or liquid medicine after communication to easily operate and the solution was in a single touch with the medicament container plastic container that through the communication with the receiver on the one-piece container having a one-piece structure that can perform in a short time, and once the connecting member in communication with the medicament container installation, where the discharge member for discharging in order to scan the inside of the drug solution to the other end installed a plastic container; A protective cap which is formed integrally with the connecting member receiving a medicament container therein; And a one-piece container comprising a fluid communication with the needle moved forward direction medicament container is inserted into the connecting member for communicating the plastic container and the drug container through the stopper of the medicament container. Fluid containers, injection kits


In order to analyze the influence of spinning triangle shape change on ring spun yarn properties,based on diagonal spinning theory,a spinning triangle shape variation model was established.Conventional and diagonal spinning were conducted on different type ring frames to obtain the diagonal spinning triangle shape change,respectively. Yarn properties at various spinning triangles were compared and analyzed,and experimental verification is performed on the theoretical analysis results. Experimental results indicated that twisting effective transport and corresponding diagonal yarn guide mode could effectively reduce the area of the twisting triangle,improved the fiber holding effect of the triangle,and reduced resultant yarn hairiness,and the experimental results agreed with the theoretical analysis.


A blanking and forming combined action die for manufacturing the strange shape ring was introduced. Compared with the traditional dies,this die combined three operations within single stroke,and the productivity was improved distinctly. The whole structure and working process of the die were stated,and the main points for die design and manufacturing were listed to obtain high forming quality. This design method can be used to the forming of other similar parts.


Recently the (G'/G)-expansion method was proposed to find the traveling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. This paper shows that the (G'/G)-expansion method is a special form of the truncated Painleve expansion method by introducing an intermediate expansion method. Then the generalized (G'/G)–(G/G') expansion method is naturally derived from the standpoint of the nonstandard truncated Painleve expansion. The application of the generalized method to the mKdV equation shows that it extends the range of exact solutions obtained by using the (G'/G)-expansion method.


Diversity status of knife fish (Chitala spp.) in Tulang Bawang River (Lampung Province) based on morphometric characters and indeks of fluctuating asimetric. By: Arif Wibowo, Mas Tri Djoko Sunarno, and Subagdja Research on the status of knife fish (Chitala lopis) diversity in Tulang Bawang River (Lampung Province) based on morphometric charactes and indeks of fluctuating asimetric had been carried out during 2005 at Tulang Bawang River (Lampung Province). Diversity was estimated based on morphometric characters using coefficient variation values, which is derived from dividing the standard deviation characters by its mean, on 25 morphometric characters from 26 knife fish (Chitala lopis) specimens. Fluctuating asimetric indeks of knife fish (Chitala lopis) Tulang Bawang River were estimated using Palmer and Strobeck formula, and then see CV DI as the estimate of diversity, as previously conduct T test analysis to find signification character between the right and left of the body. Coefficient variation values derived on morphometric character classified four categories, CVd"25% = as highly uniform, 25%<CVd"50% = middle uniform, 25%<CVd"50% = middle variation, and CVe"75% = highly variation. Meanwhile fluctuating asimetric value employed three rate clasification, low variation (CV DI =0.1), middle variation (CV DI =0.5), and high variaton (CV DI =1). Based on coefficient variation value, most of the morphometric characters were middle uniform 72% (25%<CVd"50%) and middle variation 28% (50%<CVd"75%), with means value is 47.60% classified as middle uniform. Based on indeks CV DI shown 60% asimetric characters classified as variation middle and high variation (CV DI =0.5 and CV DI =1), 40% identified had low variation. Research confirms that knife fish (Chitala lopis) at Tulang Bawang river were in state of closing uniform or presumby have low genetic variation.


The United States Supreme Court is often guided by rules of law which make the disposition of cases depend upon singular combinations of circumstances. It is a relatively simple procedure to go through the cases in a subject matter area and compile a list of the facts the justices seem to have considered material to their solution of the issue at hand. But the identification of the peculiar combinations of events which push the decisions in one direction or the other is more difficult. The number of possible combinations is almost endless: with as few as twenty specified circumstances there are more than one million possible combinations. And the weight of a particular circumstance may depend on the combination of factors in which it appears. Fred Kort has pointed to the "concrete differentiation of factual elements" which seem decisive in cases involving such procedural civil rights as protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, coerced confessions, and unfair trial procedures.


Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), increasingly vital to the success of military operations, operate in a complex and dynamic environment, sometimes in concert with manned aircraft. We present an extensible modeling framework for the solution to the dynamic resource management (DRM) problem, where airborne resources must be reassigned to time‐sensitive tasks in response to changes in battlespace conditions. The DRM problem is characterized by diverse tasks with time windows, heterogeneous resources with fuel‐ and payload‐capacity limitations, and multiple competing objectives. We propose an integer linear programing formulation for this problem, where mathematical feasibility is guaranteed. Although motivated by airborne military operations, the proposed general modeling framework is applicable to a wide array of settings, such as disaster relief operations. Additionally, land‐ or water‐based operations may be modeled within this framework, as well as any combination of manned and unmanned vehicles. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010


For motive power VRLA batteries,higher paste density of positive and higher tin content of positive grid alloy is helpful to increase the cycling life.In some cases,the additive of electrolyte with SnSO_4 can also improve cycling life of VRLA batteries.


We determine exact recurrence relations which help in the evaluation of matrix elements of powers of the radial coordinate between Dirac relativistic hydrogenic eigenstates. The power $\lambda$ can be any complex number as long as the corresponding term vanishes faster than $r^{-1}$ as $r \to \infty$. These formulas allow determining recursively any matrix element of radial powers --$r^\lambda$ or $\beta r^\lambda$, $\beta$ is a Dirac matrix-- in terms of the two previous consecutive elements. The results are useful in relativistic atomic calculations.


The waves generated by a sinusoidally oscillating wedge have been measured, analysed and compared with some published theory. The wave celerity, wavemaker efficiency and reflection from the beach have each been considered. A fast Fourier transform technique has been used to determine the magnitudes and relative phases of the fundamental and second harmonic components of the wave at discrete locations in the wave flume. From the overall pattern of waveform variation down the flume, it has been possible to identify the total wave motion in the flume as being the sum of several components. These are a second order Stokes wave, a free second harmonic wave and reflected components at both the fundamental and second harmonic frequencies.


Note presenting the effect of compressor-outlet air bleed on turbojet engine performance, which is calculated by the use of an analysis based on experimentally determined component characteristics of a centrifugal-flow turbojet engine with a constant-area jet nozzle. A range of engine speeds from 0.9 to 1.0 of rated engine speed and air-bleed rates fro 0 to 0.10 of compressor air flow are considered at a flight Mach number of 0.52 and an altitude of 24,000 feet. Results regarding the effect of air bleed on pumping characteristics and effect of air bleed on engine performance are provided.


Since 2011, an electronic registration system, called the OV chip card, has been in use in the Netherlands for the payment of all public transport. As a result, the Dutch Railways (NS) have implemented all the necessary equipment to support the sales and validation processes of this system. Another company (Thales, the agent) has been hired to maintain all these resources on behalf of NS (the principal). In this paper, qualitative and quantitative research into the current maintenance process has been carried out. This research shows that various inefficiencies occur in the current maintenance process. The most important ones are unnecessary process steps for the mechanic at Thales, multiple Work Order Tasks to solve single incidents and the difficulty to plan efficiently due to the many fatal failures. Additionally, this study shows that collaboration between the principal and the agent is an essential factor which can undermine efficiency. An important example of inefficiency due to poor collaboration is the occurrence of repeated failures. This is caused by a lack of transparency on past maintenance of particular resources. In this case study, four crucial improvement directions are identified. In no particular order, these are a different maintenance strategy, the prevention of unnecessary and repeated processes, transparency in data and demand-driven failure prioritisation. Generalisation of this research is difficult, but this study shows that in complex maintenance situations problems can be solved with both technical and procedural adjustments, as well as by improved cooperation between the party that commissioned the maintenance and the party who then performs the maintenance.


Isolation and separation of the target microbe or cell from a large heterogeneous population is quite important. We propose a new touch sensor that is used for the separation of the target microbe with a pipette. This sensor is sensitive enough to protect the fragile pipette tip from abrupt collision. Using this sensor, we developed a novel separation system for screening a target microorganisms from the randomly distributed samples in the dish with the local viscosity control of the thermosensitive hydrogel. With this system, the target yeast cell was extracted successfully.


Biological and physiological value, and also microbiological and toxicological safety of albuminous pastes BM-Optima andBMS-Optima, received of fish raw materials of the Volgo-Caspian pool of small size is investigated. Possibility of use of thereceived albuminous pastes in a compounding of foodstuff of different function is established.


Background: It has been widely accepted that there is a close relationship between the land use type and water quality. Land use/cover type can influence surface water quality either positively or negatively depending up on the cover type of the study area. Methods and Materials: This study aims to analyze the influence of various land use types on the water quality within three sub watersheds based on water quality monitoring data for the selected water quality parameters and DEM and Google earth image of 2016 used for watershed delineation and land use/cover classification of the study sub-watersheds. Result: The result indicated that there were significant differences among the land use/cover types in deteriorating water quality. Agriculture dominated surface water values for total nitrogen, total suspended solids & acidity (5.09 and 65.68mg/l, 4.67), respectively, was greater than the others two land uses, this is because of use of inorganic fertilizer and runoff from cultivated land, whereas, Urban dominated surface water was greater in total dissolved solid (111.7mg/l), it is due to urban dissolved solids runoff to the downstream. Forest dominated surface water has fewer amounts of TDS, TSS &TN (62.66, 18,28,2.95 mg/l), as compared to other land use types. Total phosphors(TP) values of Urban, Agriculture& Forest dominated surface water were 0.74,0.56 &0.0001mg/l, respectively, which was greater in Urban followed by Agriculture dominated surface water. Besides, correlation among water quality indicators were analyzed for each land use/cover type, the results of correlation analysis indicated that almost all water quality parameters of forest and agriculture dominated sub-watershed values were positively correlated with each other, except TSS and TN of forest and TN and PH of agriculture were negatively correlated. Whereas, more of urban dominated surface water quality parameters values were negatively correlated to each other, except TN and PH at 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: Surface water quality depends on the available land use/cover type at the buffer zone of surface water. Forest dominated sub watershed had contributed less amount for all water quality parameters to the surface water as compared to others land use/cover types. Forest cover helps to control runoff by retaining of water and increasing water infiltration rate of the soil. Therefore, surface water quality can be improved only if an appropriate watershed management practice is in place.


In order to investigate the effect of different electric fields on gas explosion generation, the flame speed and peak overpressure under uniform electric fields and electrode fields were measured. Flame and pressure transducers were used to track the explosion front velocity. It was found that flame speed (Sf) and peak overpressure (Pmax) were higher under the uniform electric field, and they show an upward trend with increasing applied voltage. The flame speed decreases and the peak overpressure reduces under the electrode field. It was concluded that the mechanism of the effect of uniform and electrode electric field on gas explosion generation was different. The uniform electric field increases the ion collision probability to quicken reaction and result in violence explosion. The electrode field weakens L-D instabilities and diffusive instabilities to decrease the explosion strength. The results can be references in how to improve the combustion efficiency and suppress gas explosion.


"The encounter of Native practices and in?uences with mainstream art created a community in which the relationship between art and indigenous sensibility was recognized and nurtured. These artists have shown in galleries in the heart of SoHo, written articles for publications such as Art in America, and produced work that incorporates the visual strategies of Abstract Expressionism, pop, conceptualism and various strains of postmodernism." -- Distributor's website.


(1) Background: In this study, the potential use of Dioscorea rotundata hydrocolloids was evaluated to develop low-fat mayonnaise. (2) Methods: The effect of different concentrations of hydrocolloids on the physicochemical, microstructural, and rheological properties of mayonnaise was evaluated. (3) Results: Physicochemical analyses showed pH values that were stable over time but decreased with increasing hydrocolloid concentration. The color parameters showed a decrease in luminosity and an increase in the values of a* and b* over time, which can be translated into an increase in yellow and a decrease in white, with a greater accentuation in the control sample. The rheological study allowed us to obtain a non-Newtonian flow behavior of the shear-thinning type for all samples, and the flow curves were well-fitted by the Sisko model (R2 ≥ 0.99). The samples had an elastic rather than viscous behavior, typical of dressings and emulsions. This indicates that the storage modulus was greater than the loss modulus (G′ > G″) in the evaluated frequency range. (4) Conclusions: hydrocolloids from Dioscorea rotundata have potential as a fat substitute in emulsion-type products.


The invention relates to a vehicle cluster with high speed warning indicator. An instrument cluster system for a vehicle includes a speedometer gauge having markings indicative of speeds of the vehicle, a pointer, and a speed warning indicator including adjacent lights arranged in position to correlate with the markings. A control unit receives inputs including a speed of the vehicle. GPS provides a location of the vehicle so that the control unit can obtain a posted speed limit of a road on which the vehicle is located. The control unit sends processed data to the cluster so that the cluster can control the lights based on the posted speed limit, such that lights correlating with speeds below the posted speed limit can be illuminated green and lights correlating with speeds above the posted speed limit can be illuminated red, thereby providing a visual warning to a driver as to whether the vehicle is operating above or below the posted speed limit.


The accessibility of online news media today offers a major opportunity for individual's to receive as much information as possible. Thus it becomes the main political news platform for the local people. On the other hand, it creates an opportunity for online media companies to use their influence to promote a particular political agenda and a particular candidate instead of being neutral. Based on the observations, it seems that online news media is being used by political elites to promote oneself and increase their chances of being elected in the various elections. Hence we can find evidence of political elites promoting oneself from the headlines and the contents of the news. This research uses framing analysis methodology. In this case, the news that has been taken from the online media in North Sulawesi will be analyzed using agenda setting theory and the concept of political personalization. As such we can identify individual's political intention's that has been put in the content of the news. Keywords—online media; personalization of politics; political strategy.


Complete flat Lorentz 3-manifolds with nonamenable fundamental group bear a striking resemblance to hyperbolic Riemann surfaces. For example, every nonparabolic closed curve is freely homotopic to a unique closed geodesic, which is necessarily spacelike. In his seminal papers on the subject, Margulis introduced a function α : π1(M) −→ R which associates the signed Lorentzian length of this geodesic to a conjugacy class in π1(M). In this paper we show that the conjugacy class of the linear holonomy representation π1(M) −→ SO(2, 1) and Margulis's invariant completely determine M up to isometry.


Bambuterol is an oral terbutaline carbamate product with a prolonged bronchodilator action that allows a once- daily administration in the evening.
The objective of this research was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of 10 mg oral bambuterol (Bambec) once daily (in the evening) with 2 mg oral albutamol (Ventolin) administered four times daily in 20 patients. Those were 18 to 60 years old and diagnosed with asthma or COPD, as defined by the American Thoracic Society. Three patients with asthma and 7 patients with COPD comprised group 1,and four patients with asthma and 6 patients with COPD formed group 2.
The investigation was designed as a cross-over, randomized study with a 1-week run-in period and 4 weeks of treatment. Lung function (FEV1, FVC, FEF25%-75%, FEV1/FVC) and systemic variables (heart rate, blood pressure) were monitored prior to the administration of the drug. Both treatments showed a good safety profile, and they were well tolerated. There were few side effects and no significant difference between the treatments in any of the efficacy variables (FEV1, FVC, FEF25%-75%, FEV1/FVC, PEFR morning, PEFR evening, and effect score).
In conclusion, once-daily (evening) oral bambuterol is a convenient, effective, safe alternative to oral salbutamol four times daily in patients with COPD or asthma. The limitations of the study include a small sample size and the heterogeneity of disease and age in the two groups.


From flies to people, the protein called Polycomb and its partners turn off genes and even an entire chromosome during development. They may also play a role in cancer.


404Background: Few data exist on practitioner type, initial dosing regimens, and survival for patients with HCC treated with sorafenib in a real-world setting. Methods: HCC patients exposed to sorafenib were identified from the VA CDW using ICD9 codes and pharmacy records. ICD9 codes, CPT codes, AUDIT-C surveys and laboratory tests were utilized to characterize underlying liver disease, calculate Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) and MELD scores. Two abstractors achieved 100% chart verification of tumor number, size, macrovascular invasion and extrahepatic spread on imaging immediately proximate to sorafenib initiation to quantify Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage and to determine the provider specialty initiating sorafenib. Results: 4838 patients prescribed sorafenib for HCC between 2008 and 2015 were included in this interim analysis. Median age was 62; 98.8% were male, 61.8% white/26.0% black; 44% EtOH/54% HCV/5% HBV/29% other; CTP A 58%/B 37%/C 4%; median MELD 11; 96% ECOG < 2; and pre-sorafenib BCLC...


Assessment of the distribution of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, phenols, steroids and flavonoids in ten Nigerian plants belonging to different families was carried out. All the plants investigated contained flavonoids but lacked steroids. Apart from Afzelia africana and Detarium microcarpum, the rest contained alkaloids. Glycosides were present in all except Gongronema latifolium. Phenols occurred in all the plants except A. africana, D. microcarpum and Azadirachta indica . Saponins were absent only in G. latifolium, A. indica and Cola nitida while tannins occurred only in Piper guineense, G. latifolium, Myrianthus arboreus, A. indica , and C. nitida . In quantitative estimation of each phytochemical present in the plants, C. nitida showed the highest percentage alkaloids (7.76%) and Treculia africana the highest percentage saponins (4.24%) while the highest percentage tannins was recorded in A. indica. T. africana had the highest percentage glycosides (24%) and phenols (48%) while A. indica and C. nitida showed the highest percentages of flavonoids. The medicinal uses of the plants understudy were reviewed. Keywords: Alkaloids, Saponins, Tannins, Glycosides, Phenols, Steroids, Flavonoids, Nigerian plants


In present time surgical resection still remains the only potential curative therapy in gastric cancer patients. Exept the patients should receive post-surgical chemotherapy for treatment of resedual tumor or metastasis. Splenectomy is often performed to facilitate the extended lymphadenectomy, but the possibility of the negative impact of splenectomy has been questioned in several studies. One of the perspective methods of the treatment of gastric cancer patients in the post-operative period is adaptive IL-2/LAK immunotherapy.


Endurance plays an active role in basketball games as a support for implementing strategy and tactics, so players must have excellent endurance. The study aims to determine the impact of interval training on high school basketball players' endurance. The research applied the experimental method. The samples are ten participants of the As-Shofa basketball team determined through a total sampling technique. The research uses the one-group pretest-posttest design. The instrument in this study is a bleep test. Based on the test analysis, the tcount value obtained was 2,371, and the ttable value obtained was 1,833. These values indicate that the tcount value is greater than the ttable at a 0,05 sig. value. The results of this study can conclude a significant influence of interval training exercises on high school basketball players' endurance. The determinant value of endurance is 67% contribution. Thus, high-intensity interval training significantly increases the Vo2max endurance capacity.


ABSTRACT Chicago, Oct. 9, 1897.To the Editor: —In your Journal of Oct. 9, 1897, you published an article by J. A. Murray, M.D., entitled "Ligation of the Dorsal Vein of the Penis for Functional Impotence With Report of five Cases."In this article the Doctor states that he has seen no litera ture on the subject, but further says that he does not claim priority of discovery for the operation.The first case reported advocating this operation was by Dr. Waugh formerly of Philadelphia, and now of this city, in the Southern Clinic, 1893, Vol. xvi.In 1893 I did the operation for the first time after having seen Dr. Waugh's article, and have since then performed it twice. In all three cases I had good results.


Ethical hacking involves computer and network professionals who use their expertise to safeguard the networks of an organization on behalf of its owners. In order to test a security system, they seek vulnerabilities that a malicious hacker could exploit. Ethical hacking is also known as penetration testing, intrusion testing, and red teaming. An ethical hacker is sometimes called a white hat while the other one is called black hat. Ethical hackers collect and assess information on issues like loopholes which are truly a security threat, the depth to which a hacker can get into via one of these holes and the patching requirements in order of priority. The ethical hacker aims to help the organization take anticipatory measures against malicious attacks by attacking the system himself; all the while staying within legal limits. The most important point is that an Ethical Hacker has authorization to probe the target. The reason is that as technology advances and organizations depend on technology increasingly, information assets have evolved into critical components of survival and need to be protected at any cost


Bone metastases are a common source of malignancy in the skeleton and occur much more often than primary bone cancer. Several works were ongoing to identify early markers for bone metastasis and novel drug targets to improve patients' quality of life. As some concerns exist with the [18F]sodium fluoride in positron emission tomography (PET) bone imaging, there has been an increase in the number of targeted radiopharmaceutical markers for bone metastases imaging in its competitor, 68Ga. Since 18F properties are superior to those of 68Ga, there is a distinct motivation for developing 18F radiopharmaceuticals for bone metastases imaging.


Abstract : Theoretical estimates of high frequency sound attenuation and backscattering strengths from suspended sand particles in the ocean and in an estuary are given. The estimates are obtained using the measured volume concentrations of suspended particle in the upper layers of the ocean, from the particle size spectra near the clear water minimum, and from measurements of suspended sediments at different depths from the bottom of an estuary. Estimates are given for frequencies in the 1-10 MHz region. Contributions to acoustic attenuation from scattering, viscous drag and thermal conduction are evaluated separately using existing theoretical models. Contribution to attenuation from thermal conduction is negligible at the frequencies used. For particles in the sub micrometer to 10 um range attenuation is predominantly due to viscous drag. For large particles scattering is the main cause of attenuation. Estimates reveal attenuation and backscattering near the bottom of the estuary is quite high. At 5 MHz, attenuation at a depth of 80 cm and 10 cm from the bottom are approximately 0.1 dB/m and 10 dB/m respectively. At this frequency backscattering strength at 80 cm and 10 cm depths from the bottom, are approximately - 25 dB and -5dB respectively. (AN)


: Despite the large number of studies conducted on teachers' oral corrective feedback, the findings of these studies have been mainly limited to cognitive orientations rooted in experimental designs and the verbal discourse of the teacher as the main object of inquiry. Considering teachers' affective concerns regarding their corrective feedback and the shift from negative psychology to positive psychology in the field of second/foreign language teaching as well as the entirety of the teacher's corrective repertoire, in this case study, we aimed to explore the enjoyment building capacity of a teacher's multimodal corrective feedback in a university general English course. We video-recorded the teacher's multimodal corrective feedback including verbal and nonverbal semiotic resources like gesture, gaze, and posture while observing the learners' emotional experiences for eight sessions. We also conducted stimulated recall interviews with some learners and collected their written journals about the experiences of enjoyment with regard to the teacher's multimodal corrective feedback scenarios. The teacher's multimodal corrective feedback was analyzed through systemic functional multimodal discourse analysis (SF-MDA) and the content of the interview transcripts as well as the written journals were qualitatively analyzed. The findings indicated that the teacher's inherent multimodality in his corrective feedback broadened the main dimensions of enjoyment by raising the learners' attention to their errors, heightening their focus on the correct form, and increasing the salience of his corrective feedback. Further arguments regarding the findings are discussed.


Central core disease (CCD) is mainly a disease of infancy and childhood and represents a member of a group of muscular disorders known as "congenital, benign (non-progressive) myopathies". It is an uncommon disease of infancy and early childhood, and presentation is rare in adulthood. The disease is mainly familial with an autosomal-dominant pattern of inheritance, yet sporadic cases can occur. The diagnosis is based on a muscle biopsy, which documents unique morphological abnormalities of focal loss of oxidative enzyme in type I muscular fibers. The basis for this loss of such activities is represented by a near-total absence of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum in the cores. We describe a 58-year-old man diagnosed with CCD, who is one of the oldest individuals reported with CCD diagnosed by a muscle biopsy. The clinical, pathological and genetic features of this rare entity are discussed herein.


The article consideres theoretical and practical researches aimed to develop a new design of the valve pairs of drill piston pump. The result of the research is a new design of the drill piston pump valve according to the specified requirements.


The omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in patients with breast cancer with a negative finding on sentinel node biopsy (SNB) has reduced arm morbidity substantially. Early follow‐up reports have shown the rate of axillary recurrence to be significantly lower than expected, with a median false‐negative rate of 7 per cent for SNB. Long‐term follow‐up is needed as recurrences may develop late.


To determine the optimum fermentation procedure,4 mixed micro-organisms were used to ferment the cow's concentrate and investigate the effects of organism proportioning,water amount and fermenting temperature.The results showed that the optimum proportioning of the mixture includes 1.5 mg/kg bacteria,0.5 mg/kg yeast,1.5 mg/kg Lactobacillus Acidophilus,and 1.5 mg/kg Propionibacterium freudenreichii;the optimum amount of water addition is 600 mL/kg to 650 mL/kg;the best fermentation temperature is 20℃-25℃ for 10 d-12 d.The crude protein content of concentrates after fermentation increased from 14.69% to 17.55% by 19.47%;pH decreased from7.0 to 3.2;the counts of lactobacillus increased from 5.1×102 cfu/g to 4.1×106 cfu/g,the volatile fatty acids contents in the concentrates reached to 23.25 g/kg.


Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is indigenous to India and belongs to the family Santalaceae. It is a vulnerable species as listed in the Red Data Book. Sandalwood has a high demand for its highly valued essential oil and wood. The oil extracted from the heartwood of Santalum album is used as a fragrance enhancer and preparation of costly perfumes. It was strongly associated with Indian religious and culture. The seeds of sandalwood have inherent morphophysiological dormancy, low and prolonged germination and poor establishment of seedlings. To overcome this problem, a research was carried out to study the effect of GA3, cow urine, cow dung slurry and chemicals such as HNO3, KNO3, Thiourea and H2SO4 on seed germination and morphological parameters of sandalwood at ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Anand, Gujarat. It was observed that GA3 @1500ppm proved the best treatment for breaking the seed dormancy along with better germination and seedling growth of sandalwood. Significantly maximum seed germination percentage (41%), collar diameter (3.05mm), fresh weight of root (0.53g), fresh weight of shoot (1.06g), fresh weight of foliage (2.92g), fresh weight of plant (4.51g), root length (11.52cm), shoot length (22.42cm), dry weight of shoot (0.27g), dry weight of root (0.15g), number of leaves (17.60) and dry weight of foliage (0.32g) was recorded as compared to the untreated seeds and also other treatments. From this study, it can be suggested that treating Santalum album seeds with GA3@1500ppm gave higher germination percentage and better growth of the seedlings of sandalwood.


The development of any new design requires an extensive use of resources. During the preliminary design phase the changes of shape and subsequent analysis must be performed as fast as possible. The method of singularities, or panel method is still the fastest three-dimensional method of solution for potential flows and therefore is still widely used in the aerospace industry. This paper describes a robust doublet based method that accurately describes the flow around the junction region. It allows the imbrication (intersection) of the separate components while computing the exact flow solution correspondent to the external surface. The intensity of all internal panels are automatically zero by the use of the doublets. To demonstrate its application the method is applied to compute wing-body interference coefficients for typical missile configurations in supersonic flow. The results are compared with previous analytical methods and present an excellent match. The use of this technique allows the computation of the interference coefficients for any arbitrary combination of body shape and fins.


Bearing currents are stressing industrial drives which include switching power supplies. Researchers frequently propose new countermeasures. One of the promising approaches is the reduction of parasitic capacitive couplings inside an electrical machine. Slot-opening-embedded electrostatic shields are considered a viable concept. In this work, a way to further increase the effectiveness of the approach is presented. The importance of taking the end windings into account is recalled, and a design of extended slot-opening-embedded electrostatic shields that cover also the winding overhangs is studied. The effect of the suggested extension is examined via modeling electric machines with different power ratings. In addition, the paper closes the knowledge gap of the scaling behavior of the previously introduced capacitive coupling elimination technique, based on the slot-opening-embedded grounded electrode.


Nowadays, it's an important duty of elementary education to cultivate innovative persons who are good at thinking, bold in making innovations, but not satisfied with the present situation. It is also the unshirkable duty of every educator. In the respects of combing their own practice with creations of circumstances, thought training and calling questions, the article talks about maths teaching and cultivation of students' creative ability.


During the previous years, the high attention is focused on the combination of renal dysfunction and anaemia in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Works of previous years assume, that presence of concomitant anaemia worsens current CHF and promotes progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Even the moderate anaemia correction in CHF patients leads to improvement of quality of life, tolerability of physical activities, structural and functional indices according to echocardiography and reduction of quantity of hospitalizations, however there are no data of the influence of correction of anaemia on long-term survival rate of patients.


RF power amplifiers can save much energy if they are supplied with a variable voltage as described in the state of the art. The design of the power supply of these amplifiers is challenging since many requirements have to be accomplished: very low output voltage ripple; wide output voltage variation at kHz frequencies; fast load current steps; etc. A typical solution is the use of a multiphase dc-dc converter based on the buck topology. In this paper, we propose the use of digital control for these power supplies. The main advantage is that current loops are removed. The design of this control circuit and main trade-offs are discussed. The results obtained from a 240 W prototype show the advantages and the limitations of this proposal.


As the density and complexity of FPGA-based designs has increased to 10,000 gates and beyond, the use of high-level design languages (HDLs) is rapidly supplanting schematic entry as the preferred design entry format. However, to obtain the best results, the hierarchical design techniques already familiar to schematic users can be even more critical in an HDL-based design. Furthermore, the choice of partition size can be critical to meeting capacity and performance goals, as demonstrated by the implementation of a 15,000 gate design.


The study of Dracontomelon macrocarpum community in Xishuangbanna is based on phytocoenology Dracontomelon macrocarpum (Anacardiaceae)and Pometea tomentosa(Sapindaceae) are the upper dominant species of the community. The community are divided into A,B,C and D layer. The community is mainly charactered by evergreen megaphaenerophytes and mesophaenerophytes with simple, chartaceous, entire, caudal mesophylls. There are many woody lianas and epiphytes in the layers. The biological diversity in the community is rich. It is the north extension of the tropical seasonal rain forest of Laos. The individual number of trees is few. The dynamic structure is stable, the distribution area is limited, its ecosystem so fragil that cries out for urgent protection.


The paper expounds the components of China social system and the concept, function and characteristics of profession association. The profession association plays an important role in constructing credit system from three aspects: 1. It is the product of market economy and the main body of credit system. 2. It is the carrier of government reform and the strategic cooperative fellow of government. 3.It mainly depends on its self-discipline to make the most of its special function of credit. At last the author suggests the ways of constructing credit system of profession association.


The overall task of this program was to provide an assessment of currently available technology for treating commercial low-level radioactive waste (LLRW), to initiate development of a methodology for choosing one technology for a given application, and to identify research needed to improve current treatment techniques and decision methodology. The resulting report is issued in four volumes. Volume 1 provides an executive summary and a general introduction to the four-volume set, in addition to recommendations for research and development (R and D) for low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) treatment. Generic, long-range, and/or high-risk programs identified and prioritized as needed R and D in the LLRW field include: (1) systems analysis to develop decision methodology; (2) alternative processes for dismantling, decontaminating, and decommissioning; (3) ion exchange; (4) incinerator technology; (5) disposal technology; (6) demonstration of advanced technologies; (7) technical assistance; (8) below regulatory concern materials; (9) mechanical treatment techniques; (10) monitoring and analysis procedures; (11) radical process improvements; (12) physical, chemical, thermal, and biological processes; (13) fundamental chemistry; (14) interim storage; (15) modeling; and (16) information transfer. The several areas are discussed in detail.


Autonomic services in the enterprise are becoming more and more of a requirement in all types of networked environments. With an ever-increasing number, type, and complexity of network services available to individual computing systems comes an increasing complexity in establishing and maintaining the configurations of these services. Many network services are already self-configuring today, but this capability is not yet universally available for the broad spectrum of network services or networked environments. Without wide-reaching network services self-configurability, the benefits of reduced management complexity will remain unrealized. We begin by examining existing network services configuration technologies and identifying incomplete or inconsistent capabilities for dynamically self-configuring these network services. We present for consideration the requirements of an architecture for dynamically self-configuring network services that drives enhanced yet simplified capabilities both to end users and to IT technicians and engineers in a corporate IT environment, as well as to roaming wireless users and home networks. We then continue by examining the practical implementation of autonomic network service configuration. Purely autonomic systems cannot easily be built today due to a lack of comprehensive framework support. However, substantial pieces of autonomic technology exist in forms suitable for early adoption. Specifically, we focus on the IBM Autonomic Computing Toolkit * , an open set of Java *-class libraries, plug-ins, and tools created for the Eclipse development environment. The IBM Autonomic Computing Toolkit represents a * Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners. modern framework for enterprise software integration. We examine the toolkit's standard interfaces and data formats to identify its applicability to network services configuration problems. We conclude with a summary of findings and recommendations for prospective enterprise developers and integrators of autonomic toolkits.


This paper applys a binary differential evolution algorithm with hybrid encoding(HBDE)in feature selection.Aims to adjust the size of feature subset adaptively,a method which combines randomization with optimization is proposed.the combination of random and the principle of superior is priority is advanced.And apply the weight and correlation analysis in the evaluation criteria.The instance of the malignant lymphoma morphology feature selection shows the method is available and feasible.


We study the problem of nonstochastic bandits with expert advice, extending the setting from finitely many experts to any countably infinite set: A learner aims to maximize the total reward by taking actions sequentially based on bandit feedback while benchmarking against a set of experts. We propose a variant of Exp4.P that, for finitely many experts, enables inference of correct expert rankings while preserving the order of the regret upper bound. We then incorporate the variant into a meta-algorithm that works on infinitely many experts. We prove a high-probability upper bound of $\tilde {\mathcal{O}}\left( {{i^{\ast}}K + \sqrt {KT} } \right)$ on the regret, up to polylog factors, where i* is the unknown position of the best expert, K is the number of actions, and T is the time horizon. We also provide an example of structured experts and discuss how to expedite learning in such case. Our meta-learning algorithm achieves optimal regret up to polylog factors when ${i^{\ast}} = \tilde O\left( {\sqrt {T/K} } \right)$. If a prior distribution is assumed to exist for i*, the probability of optimality increases with T, the rate of which can be fast.


Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) solar cells offer a compelling low-cost alternative to conventional thin-film solar cells, mainly due to its outstanding performance compatibility with CuInGaSe2 (CIGS) and CdTe solar cells manufacturing while only consisting of earth-abundant and non-toxic constituents. To date, the record efficiency of Se-rich Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 (CZTSSe) cell is 12.6%, which is still substantially lower than its CIGS counterpart with a record efficiency of 22.9 % . This performance gap can mainly be attributed to the large open circuit voltage (Voc) deficit (Eg/q – Voc, Eg is the band gap, q is the electron charge), with a huge gap between the experimentally obtained and the theoretical maximum value. Several factors have been suggested to contribute to this Voc deficit including bulk defects and band tailing in the CZTS bulk [4,5] and recombination at interface defects. We have reported 9.3% efficiency CZTS solar cells by using Cd-free ZnSnO buffer and found that the interface recombination at CZTS/ZnSnO heterojunction is a key issue for the further performance improvement of Cd-free CZTS solar cells. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) could provide precise modification at the interface due to its self-terminating process, which enables atomic-level control over the coating thicknesses and conformal coverage over large area substrates. Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) deposited by ALD has been well accepted as a very effective way to passivate pand n-type silicon through chemical and fieldeffect passivation . The combination of these effects has led to low recombination velocities and high-efficiency devices in the silicon community. Despite the previous work with ALD-Al2O3 to improve the interface passivation in Cu(In, Ga)Se2, CdTe, and CZTS solar cells, the application and mechanism of the heterojunction passivation via ALD-Al2O3 in CZTS/ZnSnO devices is still not investigated yet.


A model for FPGA implementation of multilayer perceptron neural networks is presented. The model tries to incorporate object oriented design principles in the analysis, training, and design of components using hardware description languages. The synthesis will be based on the tools supplied by the FPGA vendors. The results indicate that the method can be utilized, and it can be further improved to create a general methodology that bridges the gap between hardware and software in embedded system design.


In the operation of lip carcinoma, although it is important to completely remove the tumor in this region, it is equally important for immediate reconstruction for patient's prompt social return.In the present, many study reports of lip carcinoma recommend immediate reconstruction.There are four reconstructive classified methods: Abbe-Estlander method, mental flap method, buccal flap method, and distal flap method.In this report, we performed immediate reconstructive operation in two cases according to Fries method. This method is a modification of the Bernard method which belongs to buccal flap method. In consequence, satisfactory results were obtained from functional and aesthtic standpoints.


In the next 40 years, the eight counties of the San Joaquin Valley are projected to double in population from 3.3 million to more than 7 million (Great Valley Center 2006). The region faces many challenges with respect to its capacity to accommodate this dramatic increase in population while maintaining its environmental infrastructure and preserving its diminishing natural resources. In response to these growing pressures, Governor Schwarzenegger announced in June 2005 the formation of the California Partnership for the San Joaquin Valley (Partnership) to "… improve the economic well-being of the Valley and the quality of life of its residents" (Department of Business Housing and Transportation 2006a). This 26-member Partnership, led by the Secretary of the Business, Transportation and Housing Agency, is composed of eight state government members (primarily cabinet level appointees), eight local government members (primarily members of county boards of supervisor), eight private sector members (representing leadership in various business sectors), and two deputy chairs. The Partnership region includes San Joaquin, Stanislaus, Merced, Madera, Fresno, Tulare, Kings, and Kern Counties. The Information Center for the Environment (ICE) at UC Davis supported the Partnership by providing geographic information system (GIS) data and growth allocation build-out scenarios.


1 During the 1980s, there was growing epidemiological evidence that aerobic training lowered blood pressure (BP). Early intervention studies had not always supported this conclusion. Such studies were limited by methodological shortcomings. Few studies had used normotensive individuals or women alone. 2 Exercise training is an attractive lifestyle strategy in the prevention of hypertension. In our studies in men, vigorous intensity cycling did not lower resting BP. 3 Vigorous exercise reduces day time ambulatory BP and, in combination with calorie restriction, had a synergist effect to reduce night‐time and 24 h BP. 4 Exercise is a positive and effective adjunct to other lifestyle measures in the prevention of hypertension. Adherence to either supervised or unsupervised moderate‐intensity exercise is sufficient to reduce BP in the short and long term. 5 Further studies need to be performed to evaluate the clinical significance and mechanisms for the increase in resting BP observed in older women. 6 Older individuals with hypertension should be monitored when taking up a swimming programme. 7 Exercise induced changes in BP seen in the laboratory are also observed in the community setting.


Aims: 3C345 was recently identified as a gamma-ray emitter, based on the first 20 months of Fermi-LAT data and optical monitoring. In this paper, a connection between the gamma-ray and optical variability of 3C345 and properties of its parsec-scale radio emission is investigated. Methods: The Fermi-LAT data of 3C345, covering an energy range of 0.1-300 GeV, were combined with 32 Very Long Baseline Array observations of the object made at 43.2 GHz in the period of January 2008 - March 2010. Results: The VLBA data reveal morphology and kinematics of the flow on scales of up to ~5 milliarcseconds (mas; deprojected linear distances of 380 parsecs). The brightness temperature, T_b(r), measured along the jet first decreases with distance proportional to r^-(0.95 +/-0.69) and later exhibits a break at ~0.3 mas, with T_b(r) proportional to r^-(4.11 +/-0.85) at larger separations. Variations of the gamma-ray, optical and parsec-scale radio emission show a similar long-term trend persistent during the entire VLBA monitoring period. The gamma-ray and optical variations on shorter time scales are related to structural changes in the jet on scales of ~0.3 mas (~23 parsecs, deprojected), with the gamma-ray and optical flares possibly related to the evolution of four distinct superluminal components identified in the flow. Conclusions: The observations indicate that both the quiescent and flaring components of the gamma-ray emission are produced in a region of the jet of ~23 pc in extent. This region may mark the Compton-loss dominated zone of the flow and its large extent may favor the synchrotron self-Compton mechanism for gamma-ray production in the relativistic jet of the quasar 3C345.


A confluence of industry drivers including increased deployment of renewable generation, cost for managing grid peak demands, and capital investments in grid infrastructure for reliability and smart grid initiatives are creating a new interest in electric energy storage systems. This paper will review the role and value of energy storage systems to the electric grid. It will present findings from EPRI's research in 2009, which examined the current markets and applications for electric energy storage systems in the U.S.


The unitary–federal dichotomy is used as a standard means for taxonomizing state forms. However, its classificatory power has been increasingly stretched by heterodox cases such as Spain, Italy, So...


The objective was to study the growth of the area of melon subjected to the effects of irrigation frequency and water drip. In Irrigation District Baixo Acarau, set up an experiment using the experimental design in randomized blocks with 20 treatments and 3 blocks in a factorial 4 x 3. The treatments resulting from the combination of 5 irrigation levels (L1 = 60%, L2 = 80%, 100% = L3, L4 and L5 = 120% = 140% of ETc) and 4 rates of application of water (F1 = a blade split in 3 times a day, F2 = the blade split in 2 times a day, F3 = applied to the blade once a day, and F4 = a slide in once on alternate days). The amount of water applied was determined by the need for replacement of losses of crop evapotranspiration by tank Class A. It was found that the factors blades and irrigation frequency characteristic were indifferent to the number of sheets; blade made variable effect on leaf area only to DAS 41; blade made variable effect on leaf area only to DAS 41; Most matter production dried melon is conditioned by the higher irrigation, the largest and the smallest increment of dry matter during the growth phase, were obtained with the blades of 266.19 and 159.41 mm, corresponding to 94.36 and 83.20 %, the increase in daily dry matter intake increased proportionally to the applied irrigation depth up to 41 days after sowing.


Inspired by research on social movements, we extend the idea that activists look for opportunities to target firms to the realm of financially motivated shareholder activists. Focusing on activist hedge funds, we argue that hedge fund campaigns are more likely to succeed when boards are slow and less united and that, compared with more homogeneous boards, demographically diverse boards tend to act more slowly and with less unity. Although these attributes make demographically diverse boards more effective under "normal" circumstances, they become a liability in confrontations with activist hedge funds. We, therefore, hypothesize that when subject to governance and performance problems, firms become more likely targets of activist hedge funds when they also have demographically diverse boards. To further probe our theory, we explore the opportunity recognition of activist hedge funds in two ways. First, we posit that this opportunity will be recognized and exploited primarily by experienced activist hedge funds. Second, we argue that activist hedge funds' opportunity recognition is correct in so far that demographically diverse boards respond to activism campaigns in ways that are likely to benefit activist hedge funds. Using data on United States-based activism campaigns, we find support for our theory. By simultaneously studying problems and opportunities, this study establishes a foundation for examining when the disciplinary effect of shareholder activism may go awry and reveals why a strict business case for demographic diversity may be insufficient to align all shareholders behind board diversity. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2023.1679 .


In this paper, we analyze the constraints of harmonics control in power electronic systems. Based on an equivalent circuit of a typical power converter application and its parameters, we have derived an analytical expression for calculating the maximal amplitude of controlled harmonic current. This expression has been successfully verified on an experimental setup, designed around a single-phase grid-connected bidirectional inverter. The pulse width modulated (PWM) driven inverter has been controlled by multiple resonant controllers, each of them providing individual control of a selected harmonic current. By using the derived expression and taking into account the parameters of converter application, power electronics designers could quickly determine the limitations of harmonics control.


Cumming D. C. (1979) Recurrent non immune hydrops fetalis. Obstet Gynecol54,124-126. Etches P. E. & Lemon J. A. (1979) Report of 22 cases of non immune hydrops fetalis including 3 siblings. Pediatrics 64,326-332. Hansmann M., Gembruch U. & Bald R. (1989) New therapeutic aspects in non immune hydrops fetalis based on four hundred and two prenatally diagnosed cases. Fetal Ther 4,29-36. Potter E. L. (1943) Universal oedema of the fetus unassociated with erythroblastosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol46,13&134. Schwartz S. M., Viseskul C., Laxova R., McPherson E. W. & Gilbert E. F. (1981) Idiopathic hydrops fetalis: Report of 4 patients including 2 affected sibs. Am J Hum Genet 8,5946. Silverstein A. J. & Kanbour A. I. (1981) Repetitive idiopathic fetal hydrops. Ohstet Gynecol57,18S-21S.


In this paper, a new method for distributed simulation of differential algebraic equation systems is developed based on purely decentralized sliding mode control. Due to the large amount of computation and communication associated with large scale matrix inversion problems in the existing centralized approaches, this new distributed method is much more efficient. The necessary conditions for stability of the distributed approach are developed. The new method is applied for simulation of a triple pendulum system to demonstrate the validity of the approach


This paper: (i) examines the latest IMF government spending projections for 181 countries by comparing the four distinct periods of 2005-07 (pre-crisis), 2008-09 (crisis phase I: fiscal expansion), 2010-12 (crisis phase II: onset of fiscal contraction) and 2013-15 (crisis phase III: intensification of fiscal contraction); (ii) reviews 314 IMF country reports in 174 countries to identify the main adjustment measures considered in high-income and developing countries; (iv) discusses the threats of austerity to development goals and social progress; and (v) calls for urgent action by governments to adopt alternative and equitable policies for socio-economic recovery.


BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to review the current literature on the role of laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) in the treatment of primary adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC; European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors [ENSAT] I-III) in adults.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Nonrandomized controlled trials published between January 1999 and February 2017 were identified by searching the Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. Primary and secondary endpoints included surgical and pathological parameters (patients age, tumor size, ENSAT stage, type of surgical approach, and period of follow-up), surgical outcomes (operative time, estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay, conversion rate to laparotomy, R0 resection, and surgical margin's status), and oncological outcomes (rate of recurrence, disease-free survival [DFS], and overall survival [OS] rates).

RESULTS
A total of 13 studies encompassing data on 1171 patients were included in the review. Compared with open approach, LA demonstrated lower tumor size, shorter operative time, lower intraoperative blood loss, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and equivalent local recurrence rates. No significant differences were observed between groups treated with an open or laparoscopic approach for the following criteria: R0 surgical resection status, tumor overall recurrence, and postoperative DFS and OS rates.

CONCLUSIONS
LA appears to be equivalent to open method for localized/locally advanced primary ACC (ENSAT I-III) in terms of R0 resection rate, overall recurrence, DFS, and OS, therefore suggesting that the extent of surgery with adequate tumor resection is the predominant endpoint, rather than the surgical approach itself. Multicenter randomized controlled trials with long follow-up time periods exploring the long-term oncological outcomes are required to determine the benefits of the laparoscopic over the open approach in adrenocortical carcinoma.


We investigate phase-coherent transport in InN nanowires of various diameters and lengths. The nanowires were grown by means of plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Information on the phase-coherent transport is gained by analyzing the characteristic fluctuation pattern in the magnetoconductance. For a magnetic field oriented parallel to the wire axis, we found that the correlation field mainly depends on the wire cross section, while the fluctuation amplitude is governed by the wire length. In contrast, if the magnetic field is perpendicularly oriented, for wires longer than approximately $200\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$, the correlation field is limited by the phase coherence length. Further insight into the orientation dependence of the correlation field is gained by measuring the conductance fluctuations at various tilt angles of the magnetic field.


O‐GlcNAcylation (O‐linked β‐N‐acetylglucosaminylation) is an important post‐translational and metabolic process in cells that is implicated in a wide range of physiological processes. O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is ubiquitously present in cells and is the only enzyme that catalyses the transfer of O‐GlcNAc to nucleocytoplasmic proteins. Aberrant glycosylation by OGT has been linked to a variety of diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and diabetes. Previously, we and others demonstrated that O‐GlcNAcylation is notably elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The overexpression of O‐GlcNAcylation promotes cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we report the identification of HLY838, a novel diketopiperazine‐based OGT inhibitor with the ability to induce a global decrease in cellular O‐GlcNAc. HLY838 enhances the in vitro and in vivo anti‐HCC activity of CDK9 inhibitor by downregulating c‐Myc and downstream E2F1 expression. Mechanistically, c‐Myc is regulated by the CDK9 at the transcript level, and stabilized by OGT at the protein level. This work therefore demonstrates that HLY838 potentiates the antitumor responses of CDK9 inhibitor, providing an experimental rationale for developing OGT inhibitor as a sensitizing agent in cancer therapeutics.


The optimal selection of measurements in finite and infinite dimensional filtering systems is considered. The function space approach is followed and an optimization procedure, in a general operator formulation, is established for systems with continuous dynamics and continuous-time or intermittent measurements. The optimality index follows from the functional properties of the covariance operator and it is deduced to be the trace of the operator at the system terminal time. For computational purposes, orthogonal collocation is used to transform the infinite dimensional systems into finite dimensional ones, and the conditions under which minimizing the trace of the covariance operator is equivalent to minimizing the trace of the resulting covariance matrix are established. The kernel representation of the optimization procedure for the tubular-flow reactor system with intermittent, point-value measurements is presented. The optimal locations of sensors placed either simultaneously or sequentially in the s...


Background: Purpose of this systematic review update was analyzing resistance exercise (RE) intervention trials in breast cancer survivors (BCS) regarding their effect on breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) status. Articles published until 31 September 2017 were included. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted utilizing PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases. Included articles were analyzed regarding their level of evidence and their methodological quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Altogether, 23 articles could be included of which 16 were independent RE intervention studies and seven additional articles. Lymphedema assessment was so heterogeneous that conduction of a thorough meta-analysis regarding lymphedema status was still impossible. In all but one study, which reported a small but methodologically weak increase in arm volume, no negative effects of RE on BCRL was recorded. Conclusions: RE seems to be a safe exercise intervention for BCS and not to be harmful concerning the risk of lymphedema. Lymphedema assessment methods that allow for a qualitative analysis of arm tissue composition should be favored. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Breast cancer-related lymphedema affects a considerable proportion of breast cancer patients and is debilitating on the physical, functional, social, and psychological domain. At the current time breast cancer related lymphedema is incurable but well manageable by a number of physical therapy modalities, especially complete decongestive therapy (CDT). One of the encouraging treatment methods is resistance exercise. ARTICLE HISTORY Received 13 December 2017 Revised 28 May 2018 Accepted 22 June 2018


The Greek word hypomonē frequently has a more active quality than translations such as "patience" or "endurance" suggest. This is particularly the case in the book of Revelation, where some scholars have suggested translating it as "resistance" or "nonviolent resistance." This article argues that "enduring resistance" is the most appropriate way of rendering this word in John's Apocalypse. This translation highlights hypomonē as part of Revelation's call for its audience to engage in nonviolent resistance to the evils and seductions of the Roman Empire.


A group of 100 primigravidas with breech presentation at term were managed prospectively according to a preconceived plan. Ten percent of the group had cesarean sections; the perinatal mortality was 4%. Specific criteria are set forth which determine whether such a patient should be managed expectantly, given a trial of labor, or subjected to elective cesarean section. Guidelines for the use of oxytocin for the induction or stimulation of labor are outlined.


In the present study, the antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of aqueous extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn (ABAE) fruits were evaluated. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg body weight). Oral administration of aqueous extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn (ABAE) (50mg/kg body weight) and metformin (100 mg/kg body weight) to diabetic rats for 60 days significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose, lipids and lipid peroxidation, but increased the activities of plasma insulin and antioxidant enzymes, like catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase. The cytotoxicity of hepatic and renal tissue were ameliorated by treatment with aqueous extract of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn (ABAE) and metformin on histopathological examination. The Averrhoa bilimbi Linn (ABAE) aqueous fruit extract supplementation is useful in controlling the blood glucose level, improves the plasma insulin, lipid metabolism and is beneficial in preventing diabetic complications from lipid peroxidation and antioxidant systems in experimental diabetic rats; therefore, it could be useful for prevention or early treatment of diabetes mellitus. INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a serious metabolic disorder with micro and macrovascular complications that results in significant morbidity and mortality. The increasing number of ageing populations, consumption of calorie rich diets, obesity and sedentary life-style has lead to a tremendous increase in the number of patients with diabetes worldwide 1 . The World Health Organization (WHO) has predicted that the worldwide number of patients with diabetes will double by the year 2025, from the current number of approximately 150 million to 300 million 2 . QUICK RESPONSE CODE DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(11).4981-88 Article can be accessed online on: www.ijpsr.com DOI link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(11).4981-88 Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species causing oxidative damage 3 . Oxygenated compounds, especially aldehydes such as malondialdehyde and conjugated dienes, are produced during the attack of free radicals to membrane lipoproteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus oxidative stress plays an important contributory role in the process of aging and pathogenesis of numerous diseases like diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and respiratory tract disorders. Diabetics and experimental animal models exhibit high oxidative stress due to persistent and chronic hyperglycaemia, which there by depletes the activity of antioxidative defense system and thus promotes de novo free radicals generation 4 . In diabetes mellitus, protein glycation


Background: I.v. bisphosphonates may be a new alternative for patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) who cannot tolerate oral treatments. The DIVA study is investigating the efficacy and safety of novel intermittent i.v. ibandronate (Bonviva) injection regimens compared to daily oral dosing in PMO. After 1 year, substantial increases in lumbar spine BMD were observed with the investigational i.v. regimens (2mg every 2 months [2mg q2mo], 3mg every 3 months [3mg q3mo]) and approved oral comparator (2.5mg daily oral ibandronate; 3-year vertebral fracture risk reduction: 62%(1); Table) (2). Both i.v. regimens were proven non-inferior and superior (p<0.001) to the oral comparator for lumbar spine BMD gains (2). Objectives: As treatment effects can vary depending on baseline patient characteristics, lumbar spine BMD gains were prospectively analysed across patient subgroups in DIVA. Methods: Participants were receiving daily calcium (500mg) and vitamin D (400IU), plus 2mg q2mo or 3mg q3mo i.v. ibandronate injections or 2.5mg daily oral ibandronate. Lumbar spine BMD at 1 year was prospectively analysed in the overall study population and across patient subgroups (Table). No formal non-inferiority testing was performed for the subgroups. However, treatment effects versus the active comparator were evaluated post-hoc based on 95% confidence intervals. Only clinically relevant subgroups consisting ∼20% of the overall patient population were considered. Results: In the patient subgroups analysed (Table), increases in lumbar spine BMD were of a similar magnitude, and consistent with those observed in the overall study population (Table). Treatment effects were also similar between the i.v. regimens. For each patient subgroup analysed, both i.v. regimens met the criterion for non-inferiority (lower boundary of 95% CI >–1.0 [non-inferiority margin for overall population]; Table) versus the daily regimen.


Acceptance for NPP in Japan was approximately supported by half of the population. This was composed by 11% in favour of expansion and 42% in favour for at least maintaining the current plants in operation. In comparison to previous reports, there is virtually no change in the percentage of those supporting NPP expansion but the remaining have shifted to a more sceptical or opposed view towards NPP.


Since the pioneering teachings of Brian Haynes in 1982, teaching and research on obtaining, applying and ex-tending the best scientific evidence for decision-making in Brazil has been under development. Since 1996, with the founding of the Brazilian Cochrane Center and the creation of the Internal and Therapeutic Medicine Program of Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (Unifesp), it has been possible for around 150 postgraduate students to study for master's and doctoral degrees in this field, now called Evidence-Based Medicine. It has also been possible to make access to the scientific production of the Cochrane Collaboration available, via the Cochrane Library, to the whole population of Brazil and Latin America. This is both freely accessible and free of charge. It has been achieved with sponsorship from the Pan-American Health Organization (through the Regional Library of Medicine, Bireme) and, recently, from the Brazilian Agency for University-level Personnel Advancement (


By using an OpenFlow/stateless PCE integrated control plane with significant protocol extensions, we successfully demonstrate and quantitatively evaluate dynamic end-to-end path provisioning and lightpath restoration in a transparent WSON employing flexible transmitters/receivers.


Overview, Case Study (OCS) Physics is an effort to integrate recent results from physics education research into instruction for introductory university physics courses that emphasize problem solving. Students actively construct a knowledge hierarchy on a foundation of qualitative understanding. They analyze physical processes and problems using methods similar to those used by experienced scientists. Students receive repeated exposure to concepts in a variety of contexts over an extended time interval. Preliminary trials of OCS Physics have produced promising gains in student qualitative understanding, in their ability to solve problems, and in their ability to form and access a knowledge hierarchy.


Along with the development of the age of the world particularly in the field of information technology that uses computer technology very rapidly, preformance of the homepage is one of the most deve loped parts of the Internet as new media in the electronic publication of information presented and can be seen by millions of people around the world.


Abstract: Fake news has been a problem since the internet boom. Websites that keep us up to date with what's going on in the world are the perfect breeding ground for bad news and fake news. Fighting fake news is important because the world is knowledge-based. People do not make important decisions based on information; they also form their own ideas. Incorrect information can cause serious damage. It is not possible to identify all messages from a contact. This article attempts to speed up the fake news detection process by recommending a reliable fake news classification method. Machine learning contains different algorithms like naive Bayes, passive-aggressive classifiers and deep neural networks used eight different datasets from different sources. The text also includes the analysis and results of each model. With the right standards and the right tools, the task of detecting fake news will not be trivial.


ABSTRACT Facebook meme groups created by Muslim students at American universities are sites of intensive daily productivity, where members post memes they create, or share memes they find elsewhere, joking about the everyday lived experience of practicing Islam as part of a family, a community, and a society. Through the practice of making memes about Muslim piety, members of these groups articulate a form of cultural citizenship in Western liberal secular society through humor. Young Muslim women engaged in meme-making must contend with the intersections of gender and religion while making claims to American citizenship, doing the work of re-shaping belonging both in terms of American citizenship and in terms of Islamic practice and belief.


In this paper, the computer image visual communication system is designed and the function of this system is analyzed. Then, based on the hardware design, this paper re-confirms the position, proportion and Angle information of 3D human body. Machine learning algorithm is introduced to integrate visual experience data with user data. This completes the filling of visual experience data. Finally, the texture information to be rendered is transformed into rendered texture by texture mapping method. Complete 3D animation rendering based on the difference between input points pixels. Finally, the design of computer graphics visual communication system is tested. The test shows that this system has powerful drawing function and can be used in many occasions.


Objective:To observe the effect of Atorvastatin combined with Wenxin Granules in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.Methods:94 paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients were enrolled and randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The treatment group were treated with Atorvastatin and Wenxin Granules,and the control group only with Amiodarone.Followed up 12 months,we observed the effect of two groups.Results:Compared with the control group,the sinus rhythm maintenace rate in treatment group was higher,and the recurrence rate in treatment group was lower,heart function improved obviously,LVEF increased remarkably,LAD shrank obviously,CRP levels were lower,there were significant differences statistically in comparison between two groups.Conclusion:Atorvastatin combined with Wenxinkeli can be used to treat patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and prevent the recurrence.


The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of Al-Fe intermetallic compounds on the strength of friction stir spot welded (FSSW) joints. The tool rotational speed and dwell time were the studied process parameters. The microstructure of the joint interface was characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopes. Tensile-shear testing results showed that the strength of the welds improved with the enhancement of dwell time for all of the applied rotational speeds. Furthermore, for a given dwell time, higher rotational speeds led to stronger joints. Microstructural observations revealed that the strength of the welds increased with the growth of the intermetallic layer thickness up to 5 µm.


Particulate matter (PM) pollution is a major global concern due to its negative impact on human health. To effectively address this issue, it is crucial to have a reliable and efficient forecasting system. In this study, we propose a framework for predicting particulate matter concentrations by utilizing publicly available data from low-cost sensors and deep learning. We model the temporal variability through a novel Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network that offers a level of interpretability. The spatial dependence of particulate matter pollution in urban areas is modeled by incorporating characteristics of the urban agglomeration, namely, mean population density and mean floor area ratio. Our approach is general and scalable, as it can be applied to any type of sensor. Moreover, our framework allows for portable sensors, either mounted on vehicles or used by people. We demonstrate its effectiveness through a case study in Greece, where dense urban environments combined with low cost sensor networks is a peculiarity. Specifically, we consider Patras, a Greek port city, where the net PM pollution comes from a variety of sources, including traffic, port activity and domestic heating. Our model achieves a forecasting accuracy comparable to the resolution of the sensors and provides meaningful insights into the results.


Plant regeneration from tissue cultures of many species has been reported so far, but various groups, families and genera are still regarded as recalcitrant, and tools susceptible to distinguish as early in culture as possible the regeneration-competent cells and tissues from those that will never regenerate would be of interest, whatever the regeneration pathway. We have examined various cytological parameters to identify those that might serve as early indicators of cell competence to undergo somatic embryogenesis and/or organogenesis. Water potential of the culture medium declined preceding the onset of embryogenesis while intracellular osmolarity and cell surface increased concomitantly in embryogenic cells. In addition, cellulose accumulated in the walls of non-embryogenic cells while cell walls became thinner with onset of embryogenesis, and diminished further as embryos matured. In parallel experiments, the cytogenetic, proteomic and molecular processes governing the competence for embryogenesis and/or organogenesis from plant cells were studied with Arabidopsis thaliana, and more recently also with Medicago truncatula and pea, both by flow cytometry, immuno-cytohistology, mono and bidimensional electrophoresis and comparing insertion mutants and RNAis with their respective wild types. The implications of these results when applying biotechnology approaches for grain legume breeding, and in terms of plant regeneration competence in general are discussed.