equivalency if it pursues all sides equally. Likewise, May and Fyfe's claim that the ICC inappropriately singled out Uhuru Kenyatta for prosecution overlooks counterarguments that such prosecution expressed important global condemnation of election-related violence. Finally, in arguing that certain particularly egregious crimes require international-level prosecution, the authors assert, but do not demonstrate, that such crimes "adversely affect humanity" in a way that distinguishes them from national-level crimes (p. ). May and Fyfe characterize their book as a strong rebuttal to critics whowish to abolish international criminal tribunals, yet many if not most of the scholarly works that they discuss share the authors' commitment to improving the international criminal justice system. For instance, in discussing punishment, the authors cite Mark Drumbl's concerns about the justifications for international punishment, but Drumbl's work clearly conveys an ambition to improve, rather than undermine or dismantle, the international criminal justice system. Like Drumbl, many of the authors that May and Fyfe cite as international criminal law "critics" would agree that "reform rather than disbandment is needed" (p. ). Only a small number of commentators advocate the abolition of international criminal tribunals, and the book's effort to rebut such abolitionism sometimes distracts from its laudable efforts to suggest institutional reforms. Indeed, the authors' focus on possible institutional destruction seems to limit the depth with which they engage existing debates about institutional reform. That preoccupation also prevents the kind of detailed comparative analysis that would be necessary to support the authors' claim that international criminal tribunals are the fairest venues for adjudicating particular kinds of crimes. Despite these omissions, the book's impressive breadth makes it an important vehicle for promoting debates about the normative underpinnings of global criminal justice. It is written clearly and accessibly, which will foster participation by a broad and diverse audience. Scholars will find the book useful as a resource for arguments about the normative strengths and weaknesses of international criminal tribunals, and practitioners of international criminal law should give careful consideration to the authors' prescriptive suggestions.


Synopsis Spring steels were invest iga ted with regard to the trace of their isothermal transforma tion diagrams, transformation behavior, and the re la tion be tween the iso thermall y transformed microstructure and the mechan ical properties. T he results found are summarized below: ( I) On the isothermal transformation diagram, plain C steel (C 0.56%) exhi bits the single C-form. The addition of Si separates the transformation diagram in to a doubly-curved form without recession of the nose. Cr add ition retards both transformations considerably and so contributes to improve the hardenabil ity. (2) Determination of the Ms poin t of Cr-Mn steel (C 0.54, Cr 0.85, Mn 0.88%), showed that stabili zat ion of austenite occu rs due to a reduction of cooling abil ity and results in a decrease in the martensite percentage. (3) A discontinuity in te nsile strengths was found due to diffe rences of carbide size in pearli te and ba inite. This tendency is remarkable in Cr-Mn steel. (4) 0 rela tion was foun d between the strength and the reduction of area. The latter is rathe r inAuenced by the carbide size and homogeneit y of the struct ure. (5) The iso thermal transformation ofSi steel (C 0 . .57, Si 1.65, Mn 0.87%) is ap t to produce a lattice strain due to the retardation effect of carbide forma tion by Si. It results in a remarkable decrease in yiel d strength and red uction of area and presents a special fea ture in ba initic structu re. R ecovery occurs at 450°C. (6) T he addition of elemen ts, such as Cr, tha t provoke the carbide format ion and inhi bit carbide grow th is suitable for iso thermal trea tment at low temperatu re, and yields high strength and ducti li ty at the sa me li me.


The processing technology of purple sweet potato noodles was optimized by single factor and orthogonal test design.Results showed that the optimal formula is:flour 80%,sweet potato flour 20%,salt 2%,carrageenin 1.25%,and oxidized starches 3.25%.The strip-breaking rate of the noodles is 0%,and cooking loss rate is 10.7%.


Edible oil industry is one of the most important food industries in Sudan. It has wide effects on surrounding environment like high emission of CO2, solid waste and contaminated water. It is necessary that the Edible oil industry requires to implementing clean production opportunities to reduce the risk to human and environment, optimum utilities of raw materials and energy and reduction of water usage as well as to reduce the cost of disposed wastewater. Olympic Edible Oil Factory was taken as case study. It is found that this factory uses fuel oil and electricity as source of power, it is advisable that fuel leaks and spills to be avoided and the operation is to be continuous. The factory use excessive water this increases contaminated water and also adds to the cost of disposing and treatment of contaminated water. In edible oil industry the air is contaminated by carbon dioxide (CO2) from fuel oil combustion. The emission of CO2 is too high as being determined and calculated. The contaminated water is to be tested COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, soap, oil and grease and gums. The factory only testes for BOD and COD. As conclusion the implementation of the clean production methodology will solve all such problems. INTRODUCTION UNEP DTIE (United Nations Environment Programme, Division of Technology, Industry and Environment) coined the term "Cleaner Production" (CP) in 1989 as "...the continuous application of an integrated preventive environmental strategy applied to processes, products, and services to increase overall efficiency and reduce risks to humans and the environment" (UNEP 2011). Cleaner Production principles, which are also practiced as waste minimization, pollution prevention, and ecoefficiency, are founded on the four Rs: Reduce, Recycle, Reuse, and Reformulate. Pollution control is an after–the-event, "react and treat" approach, whereas Cleaner Production reflects a proactive. "anticipate and prevent" philosophy. Prevention is as is always better than cure. When minimizing waste and pollution through cleaner production a reduction of consumption of raw material and energy is also achieved. Other concepts similar to cleaner production are:  Waste minimization ;  Pollution prevention ; and  Green productivity. Definition of Cleaner Production (UNEP) The continuous application of an integrated preventive environmental strategy applied to process, products, and services in order to increase efficiency and reduce risk to humans and environment. For production process: cleaner production includes conserving raw materials and energy, eliminating toxic raw materials, and reducing the quantity and toxicity of all emissions and wastes. For products: cleaner production includes the reduction of negative impacts along the life cycle of a product, from raw material extraction to its ultimate disposal; For service: cleaner production is to incorporate environmental concerns into designing and delivering services. II. MATERIAL AND METHODS Refining of Edible Oil in Olympic Factory Edible oils obtained from coconut, corn, cottonseed, olive, palm, peanut, soybean and sunflower etc. contain gums and other impurities which are removed by alkalization, bleaching dewaxing and deodorization processes. Clean Production In Edible Oil (Olympic Edible Oil Factory) www.ijres.org 77 | Page Olympic Oil Factory, processing steps: Fig (1): Olympic Oil Factory, processing steps Inputs and Outputs for Alkalization Process: Fig (2) Inputs and Outputs for Alkalization Process Table (1):Amount of Inputs and outputs of the Alkalization Process: Inputs Amounts Outputs Amounts Crude Oil 103 ton Soap + Gum + Sediment 2 ton Phosphoric Acid 0.035 ton FFA 0.028 ton Caustic Soda 0.17 ton Neutralized Oil 101.177 ton Water 60 ton Wastewater 60 ton Total 163.205 ton Total 163.205 ton Inputs and Outputs:For Bleaching Process Fig (3) Inputs and Outputs for Bleaching Process Table (2):Amount of Inputs and outputs of the Bleaching Process: Inputs Amounts Outputs Amounts Neutralization Oil 101.177 ton Bleaching Oil 101.174 ton Bleaching Earth 0.3 ton Spent Earth + oil 0.303 ton Total 101.477 ton Total 101.477 ton Inputs and Outputs:For Dewaxing Process Clean Production In Edible Oil (Olympic Edible Oil Factory) www.ijres.org 78 | Page Fig (4) Inputs and Outputs for Dewaxing Process Table (3):Amount of Inputs and outputs of the Dewaxing Process: Inputs Amounts Inputs Amounts Bleaching oil 101.174 ton Bleaching oil 101.174 ton Filter aid 0.03 ton Filter aid 0.03 ton Total 101.204 ton Total 101.204 ton Inputs and Outputs:For Deodorization Process Fig (5) Inputs and Outputs for Deodorization Process Table (4):Amount of Inputs and outputs of the Deodorization Process: Inputs Amounts Outputs Amounts Dewaxing oil 100.204 ton Refined oil 100.204 ton Table (5): Olympic factory limits for direct discharges of treated wastewater No Parameter Limits Unit 1 pH 5.5 9 2 BOD 100 mg/L 3 COD 250 mg/L 4 TSS ? Noticed: TSS test is not done. Oil Quality Control Unit Table (6): The laboratory of Olympic factory analysis:Step Tests Raw oil FFA not exceed 1% , moisture not exceed 0.5% , wax 1000ppm , P.V not exceed 10 millimole/kg , sediment from 0.5% to 1%, gum=1% Alkali FFA = 0.1% ,sediment from 0% to o.o5% , gum Bleaching FFA =0.1%% Dewaxing FFA = 0.1% , wax < 100ppm The calculation of the emission of co2 from gasoline burnings in factory:As in EPA emission facts gasoline carbon content per gallon =2,421 gram For all oil and oil product, the oxidation factor used is .0.99 To calculate CO2 emissions from a gallon of fuel, the carbon emissions are multiplied by the ratio of the molecular weight of Co2 (m.w.44) to the molecular weight of carbon (m.w.12): 44/12 Co2 emission from gallons of gasoline=2,421 grams * 0.99 *(44/12) = 8788 grams = 8.8 kg/gallon There are 31.75 gallons in 1 ton of gasoline. The emission of 4 ton of gasoline = 8.8*31.75*4=1117.6 = 1117.6 kg/gallon. III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION It is found that this factory uses gasoline and electricity as source of power, about 4 tons /day of gasoline and 1000 SDG is paid for electricity daily. Water is heated with gasoline to generate required steam. The boiler is controlled to avoid any explosion. It is advisable that fuel leaks and spills to be avoided. The operation is to be continuous as about 3 tons of fuel are needed for start up, shut down and restarting also has effect on factory equipment. The factory use about 60 tons per day of water. This excessive water consumption increases contaminated water and also adds to the cost of disposing of contaminated water. Treatment of contaminated water, reduce the problems and cost of disposing. The factory uses a feed of 103 tons per day of crude oil this produces 100 tons of net oil. It is necessary to prevent leaks and spills during unloading and storage. The chemicals used are 0.035 tons of phosphoric acid and 0.17 tons of caustic soda –for the above operationthe optimal use of chemicals reduces of loss of raw materials. In edible oil industry the air is contaminated by carbon dioxide (CO2) from gasoline combustion. The emission of CO2 is too high as being determined and calculated (1117.6 kg/gallon of fuel). The contaminated water is to be tested for COD, BOD, TSS, TDS, soap, oil and grease and gums. The factory only testes for BOD and COD (BOD = 100 mg/l and COD =250 mg/l). Unfortunately the water treatment unit worked for two weeks only and stopped, hence the water is disposed without treatment. Clean Production In Edible Oil (Olympic Edible Oil Factory) www.ijres.org 79 | Page The crude oil comes from Ukraine there is no problems for import it and the characteristics of it are shown in table (7). These specifications satisfy Sudanese standard except for the sediment. Table: (7) characteristics of Ukrainian imported oil. Test Result Standard Range Unit FFA Not exceed 1 2.00max % Moisture Not exceed o.5 o.5 max % Wax 100


This study is to evaluate the heavy weight impact sounds produced by impact ball and to examine the principle factors which affected the subjective responses to the floor impact noise on the basis of the factors extracted from the autocorrelation function (ACF) and interaural cross-correlation function (IACF). First, heavy weight floor impact sound was measured and recorded in apartment rooms which had different sound insulation treatment. Then paired comparison and semantic differential tests were conducted using the sound sources whose τ1 and re value were different. In addition, the effects of ACF/IACF factors on subjective responses and the effects of psychological factors on subjective evaluation were investigated.


Long-term ocean deoxygenation could lead to decline biological productivity and alter biogeochemical cycles. Ocean warming contributions to ocean deoxygenation are reasonably understood, however, there is a challenge to reveal the gaps about other modifying factors to explain different regional patterns and predicts the condition in the coming century. This study aimed to identify the deoxygenation areas in the eastern Indonesian waters, understand the variability of physical and chemical parameters as the deoxygenation drivers, and investigate the correlation between parameters. In-situ and satellite-derived data from 1995 to 2020 were analyzed with statistical methods and remote sensing techniques to enhance deoxygenation measures in higher spatial and temporal resolutions. Our findings revealed that significant deoxygenation was detected around the Arafura Sea. The oxygen minimum zone extended at 133.5° – 136.8° E in the depth of 350 – 1,000 meters, with less than 20 mmol/m3 of dissolved oxygen concentration. Nitrate, phosphate, and temperature were identified to have a strong reversed relationship with the oxygen concentration in the study area. This study also developed multiple regression model algorithms to estimate the oxygen concentration in specified depths.


We present a novel modeling approach to simulate FSW process that may have significant advantages over current traditional finite element or finite difference based methods. The proposed model is based on Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method, a fully Lagrangian particle method that can simulate the dynamics of interfaces, large material deformations, void formations and material's strain and temperature history without employing complex tracking schemes. Two- and three-dimensional simulations for different tool designs are presented. Preliminary numerical results are in good qualitative agreement with experimental observations.


It is now well established that the adrenal cortex is involved in some fundamental manner in the metabolic response to injury and illness, but the precise mechanism by which this gland exerts its influence remains clouded. Originally, based on the observations that certain of the metabolic responses to injury do not occur in the absence of the adrenal cortex, and on the evidence of increased secretion of adrenal steroids during stress, it seemed reasonable to interpret the metabolic changes which occur after stress as direct manifestations of hypersecretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and adrenocortical steroids (1, 2, 3). The demonstration that overdosage with ACTHor cortisone produced metabolic changes comparable to those after stress made such an interpretation even more attractive. However, as investigation in this area has been pursued, it has become increasingly apparent that the concept described above is an oversimplification and needs modification. Ingle, in a brilliant series of studies, beginning in 1943, has been chiefly responsible for demonstrating, in animals at least, that the adrenal cortex is not directly responsible for the changes under consideration, although adrenocortical hormone must be present for certain of the changes to take place (4, 5, 6, 7, 8). Thus, the adrenalectomized animal exhibits a normal metabolic response to injury if maintained with an amount of adrenocortical hormone which itself does not produce overdosage effects. Under such circumstances, no increase in adrenal activity is possible, and hence adrenocortical hormone may be considered as necessary but not re-


Transformational Leadership Principles within Small Businesses by Tiffany Suzanne McKinnon-Russell MBA, Pennsylvania State University, 2005 BA, Duke University, 2001 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University June 2015


PURPOSE: To form the subject compound as a precursor substance of α-naphthol in high yield and high selectivity by dissolving hexavalent chromic acid into an N,N-dialkyl acid amide to form a homogeneous catalyst, and oxidizing tetralin in a bubble column reactor with the resulted catalyst. CONSTITUTION: 1-Oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (α-tetralone) is prepared by the liquid phase oxidation of tetralin in a bubble column reactor using a homogeneous catalyst obtained by directly dissolving hexavalent chromic and in an N,N-dialkyl acid amide used as a ligand, or a heterogeneous catalyst obtained by dispersing chromic acid-supporting silica catalyst in the N,N-dialkyl acid amide. According to this method where the hexavalent chromic acid is dissolved in the used solvent α-tetralone can be obtained in high selectivity and high yield. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO


This paper introduces an immersive learning platform called Digital Exhibition Space (DES). It utilizes 3D technology to create a communal learning environment, in which student participation and contribution in online activities are positively driven and motivated via explorative, visualized and socialized learning experiences. To investigate the intrinsic-motivational perspectives of student learning experiences with DES, data was collected from semi-structured interviews with 13 students and 36 survey replies of student teaching and learning evaluations. Deductive content analysis, based on the Tripartite Model of Intrinsic Motivation, was carried out to interpret data. Results show that three types of intrinsic motivation, and associated stimulators and consequent behaviours are identified from the interview data, which suggests students perceive being driven by intrinsic motivations when learning with DES and validates the pedagogical design of DES.


In acute reduction of circulation, the activity of capillary enzymes was found to be reduced as well. The reduced activity of the K,Na-ATPase in a later period was followed by the return to its normal level.


Next generation wireless systems consist of heterogeneous wireless networks. Wireless LAN (WLAN) and cellular mobile radio systems will be important part of heterogeneous networks. Universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) provides wide-area coverage, high mobility but relatively low data rate. WLAN is designed for low-range, high/medium data rate access, low mobility and can be used as a complement to larger cellular mobile radio systems. In this paper, we consider a simple heterogeneous system of WLAN and UMTS cell. Vertical handover plays a vital role in ensuring quality of service in heterogeneous networks. In this paper, we proposed a vertical handover algorithm for an integrated cellular/wireless LAN system. The design goal is to provide the user the best available quality of service (QoS) at any time. Moreover, connections are handed over independently between UMTS and WLAN, aiming at seamless service continuity. Here we have taken handover rate, probability of outage and probability of handover as the performance metrics. Simulation results show that adaptive vertical handover algorithm improves the performance.


The publishing industry has a variety of gatekeepers that play a role in deciding which works become books. This article acknowledges the main gatekeepers as the agent and publishers, but also draws attention to the author, who is the first gatekeeper, and the reader, who is the last. The connections between gatekeepers highlight the role of power in these positions. Using Foucault's theories of archaeology and genealogy, this article argues that positions within the industry provide space for the gatekeepers to say what works deserve to be published. In doing so it highlights the dynamic flow of power, which rises from the bottom and provides a hierarchical structure within the industry.


It is much debated whether the concept of operator in the Anti-Unfair Competition Law covers hospital, law agency and guild, so that the law can be applied to them. The focal question is whether the operator should be profit-seeker, and which section law can be applied to it. Considering the special legal interest and object of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, it is appropriate to understand the concept of operator in the perspective of economic law rather than commercial law, now that the latter cares much whether profits have been made in transaction.


I have a lump on my neck and the biopsy indicates it is a lipoma. I looked it up and it is a tumor consisting primarily of fat cells. OK, that tells me a lot. Did that last can of Pringles park on my neck? What causes these? Should I be worried that it involves a lymph gland? It got REALLY big when I had an ear infection (that's when I first noticed it). Right now, the doctor is taking a "wait and see" attitude. Since it is benign, I'm not particularly worried about it — just wondering where I could find more information.


A solenoid coil was built for magnetic resonance imaging of the mice. A coil prototype composed of 5 turns, with a length of 4 cm and 2.5 cm radius was developed to acquire (whole) body mouse magnetic resonance images at 130 MHz and an insertable gradient coil set. Coil performance was measured using the Q factor for both the loaded and unloaded cases were 161.67 and 178.03, respectively. These Q factors compare very well with those values reported in the literature. The images were acquired with a clinical 3 T system equipped with a custom-built gradient insert coil and gradient echo image sequence. Both phantom and in vivo images showed good signal-to-noise ratio and uniformity. The electromagnetic interaction between the insertable coils and the solenoidal coil is poor, and no image artefacts are present in the whole-body image of the mouse. This preliminary experience has shown that consistent high quality MR images of the mice can be obtained using this particular hardware configuration, making it a promising method for acquisition of high-spatial resolution MR images of mice. Volume coils are still a good choice when combined with high field MR imagers and standard gradient echo sequences for the magnetic resonance imaging of the mouse.


Although mass coral bleaching events are generally triggered by high seawater temperatures, experiments have demonstrated that corals and reef-dwelling foraminifers bleach more readily when exposed to high energy, short wavelength solar radiation (blue, violet and ultraviolet (UVR): λ ~ 280 - 490 nm). In seawater, colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), also called gelbstoff, preferentially absorbs these shorter wavelengths, which consequently bleach and degrade the CDOM. Alteration and destruction of watershed and coastal wetlands have reduced natural sources of CDOM that are tidally flushed into reefal waters. We have measured absorption of UVR and UV irradiance at various reefs in the Florida Keys that differ in distance from shore and the degree of anthropogenic development of the adjacent shoreline. Our results show that reefs associated with intact shorelines tend to be exposed to lower intensities of UVR than reefs associated with developed shorelines. Absorption due to CDOM at 320 nm (ag320) was less variable at reefs associated with intact shorelines, and higher at inshore reefs compared to offshore reefs. UVR is attenuated more quickly at inshore than offshore, clear-water reefs at similar depths. Spectral slope of ag, S, was generally greater at offshore sites, indicating a higher degree of photobleaching of CDOM.


N THE LAST ISSUE of Athletic Therapy Today we outlined several issues related to work–family conflict for certified athletic trainers (ATCs). Much of the scholarly debate regarding quality-of-life issues for ATCs revolves around strategies to prevent job burnout, reduce jobrelated stress, and maintain a balanced life. Many of the factors that lead to these problems stem from long work hours and travel, inflexible work schedules, and inadequate staffing, as identified by the participants in Part 1. The purpose of Part 2 is to present strategies suggested by ATCs for administrators and supervisors to help reduce the work–family conflict of ATCs. The strategies discussed here emerged from individual interviews with 12 ATCs working at NCAA Division I universities.


Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are the next generation of embedded ICT systems designed to be aware of the physical environment by using sensor-actuator networks to provide users with a wide range of smart applications and services. Many of these smart applications are possible due to the incorporation of autonomic control loops that implement advanced processing and analysis of historical and real-time data measured by sensors; plan actions according to a set of goals or policies; and execute plans through actuators. The complexity of this kind of systems requires mechanisms that can assist the system's design and development. This paper presents a solution for assisting the design and development of CPS based on Model-Driven Development: MindCPS (doMaIN moDel for CPS) solution. MindCPS solution is based on a model that provides modelling primitives for explicitly specifying the autonomic behaviour of CPS and model transformations for automatically generating part of the CPS code. In addition to the automatic code generation, the MindCPS solution offers the possibility of rapidly configuring and developing the core behaviour of a CPS, even for nonsoftware engineers. The MindCPS solution has been put into practice to deploy a smart metering system in a demonstrator located at the Technical University of Madrid.


Disastrous situations result from the action of natural and technological (anthropogenic) factors. The technological disasters become more common due to the considerable progress in the field of modern industrial technologies. They represent a permanently threatening potential danger for the world as a whole, for Bulgaria and for the region of Varna as well. The production capacities and the stored and used industrial toxic substances along with the natural-geographic peculiarities contributing to the polluted territory after accidents in the region of Varna were analyzed. A flexible and rapidly adapting organization of medical service in case of disasters was created.


Stabilizing and aligning tables often presents a problem when in use. A self-balancing foot device is designed to solve these problems. The foot can automatically adjust its height according to the ground flatness, and an external force can be applied to finely change the height of table. However, as the stability of the foot is affected by the internal elastic element parameters, a large number of experiments are necessary to explore the stability of the foot under different parameters. Therefore, a test system for the foot is designed in this paper. The test system consists of displacement sensor, pressure sensor, pressure loading device and controller. In the experiment, the test system applies force to the table and detects current pressure and height variation to test the stability of the foot. Through the experiment, the most stable set of foot devices is found and verified to satisfy the use requirements.


Broadband data services are demanded even under high mobility environment, such as high-speed railway. In this paper, we consider single-carrier (SC) linearly distributed antenna network (DAN). The distributed antenna-mobile terminal (MT) link will be a line-of-sight link and therefore, fading can be characterized as the frequency-selective Nakagami-Rice fading. Distributed antenna diversity using single frequency network (SFN) can mitigate the impacts of path and shadowing losses as well as the frequency-selective fading. In this paper, frequency-domain space-time block coded-joint transmit/receive diversity (FD-STBC-JTRD) is employed as SFN linearly distributed antenna diversity. It is confirmed by computer simulation that FD-STBC-JTRD is a powerful diversity to improve the transmission performance under a high mobility environment.


QIAN Zhongshu made a profound and meticulous sorting about the female images in Fortress Besieged,then analyzed intellectual female′s social position and love.The rendering intellectual female in the novel,mostly full of ideas by themselves,beside theirs heart inner was very complex.Those female did every mean in order to reach what they wanted.They often played with the male in their controlled,but as the age limited,they were unable to shake off the shackles of patriarchal,they were eager to become a new female,but they could not shake off patriarchal constraints at the same.They also actively grasped their own destiny,they through studying abroad,keeping independent.Those female had not only common personality but also distinct personality.So did SUN Rou-jia.The novel revealed the 40s' Chinese female wanted to break through the traditional control but its uselessness.


The reactions of AgBF
 4
 and
[Au(tht)
 2
]PF
 6
 with
[Ru(η-C
 5
Me
 5
)H
 3
{P(C
 6

H
 11
)
 3
}] 1
(tht = tetrahydrothiophene) led to the adducts
[{Ru(η-C
 5
Me
 5
)H
 3
[P(C
 6

H
 11
)
 3
]}
 2
M]X
(M = Ag, X = BF
 4
 3;
M = Au, X = PF
 6
 4) similar to the
previously reported
[{Ru(η-C
 5
Me
 5
)H
 3
[P(C
 6

H
 11
)
 3
]}
 2
Cu]PF
 6
 2.
Variable-temperature 1
H NMR experiments were performed on
2–4 dissolved in organic liquids down to 130 K which complement
previous experiments on 1. Like 1 and 2, 3 and 4 display at low
temperatures exchange couplings between proton pairs in the trihydride
sites which increase with temperature and which depend on the molecular
structure. At higher temperatures a classical exchange between the
hydride protons occurred the rate constants for which determined by
lineshape analysis. As the coinage metal lowers the symmetry of the
trihydride spin systems from the AB
 2
 type in 1 to the ABC
type in 2–4, the 1
H NMR spectra also give information
about the rate constants of an intramolecular metal transfer leading to
an effective AB
 2
 symmetry of the trihydride spins. The
results indicate (i) the absence of kinetic hydrogen/deuterium
isotope effects on the classical hydrogen-exchange processes within the
margin of error in the temperature interval covered, (ii) only
small effects of the presence of Lewis-acidic cation on the classical
exchange dynamics, but (iii) important effects of these cations
on the quantum-mechanical exchange couplings. In particular, these
couplings increase with increasing electronegativity of the coinage
metal by favouring dihydrogen configurations.


Tuning the photoluminescence (PL) emission from QD structures is important for device applications and basic studies. This can be achieved by changing the III-V bandgap (composition) in the dotharrier materials [ 11, by adjusting average island dimensions for a given ternary composition [2], and by interdiffusion of the dotharrier interface [3]. The latter method has recently shown that large blue shifts are obtained with post-growth annealing in InGaAs/AlInAs/GaAs/AlGaAs QDs [4]. Appreciable shifts were also observed after hightemperature growths of upper cladding layers, making this issue relevant to devices.


This paper shows simulation results whose purpose is to study the impact occurrence between an anti-hijack pistol projectile and a thin metallic plate. The plate is made of aluminium alloy used in aeronautical structures. Laboratory tests permitted to analyse the mechanical behavior of the projectile's material. The shootings experiments have confirmed the expected impact behavior at given velocity. The model and simulation works were developped under AUTODYN/ANSYS. The simulation results are well proven by the experimental outcomes.


This study examines the additive manufacturing feasibility of functionally graded materials with insitu resources. A potential application of the outcome is for aerospace components and space habitats. At first, compatible in-situ resources for functionally graded materials and additive manufacturing (AM) suitable processes are investigated. Then powder characterization of three lunar simulants is performed to evaluate them for the fabrication tests. The chemical compositions, particle shape and size distribution, and thermal characteristics of the powders were analysed. This paper is a part of an ongoing study, with a final aim to develop a functionally-graded composite at the level of concept validation and evaluate it for thermal and mechanical properties.


Summary form only given. We provide a theoretical study of transmittivity of an ultrathin layer (of thickness smaller than an optical wavelength) consisting of oriented organic molecular aggregates (J-aggregates). In spite of the fact that those are complicated systems the excited states of which have the character of Frenkel excitons, an analysis of spectroscopic data of J-aggregates shows, that in a definite area of intensity of the incoming field such films can be modeled as an ensemble of inhomogeneously broadened two-level-systems. An appropriate renormalization of the spontaneous emission rate ensures, that mainly the fewest excitonic state couples to the radiation field. Because of a quite high concentration necessary for the aggregation process itself, in such systems a mechanism of optical bistability, that is due to coupling of the single aggregates via the far-zone field is shown to be possible.


Peter R. Thomas, T.S. Richardson, A.K. Cooke, 'Estimation of Stability and Control Derivatives for a Piper Cub J-3 Remotely Piloted Vehicle', paper presented at the AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference, Minneapolis, USA, 13-16 August, 2012.


This workshop was held on 29 August 2006 in Boston and concentrated on a specific problem: how to communicate through the plasma sheath generated around an air vehicle at high Mach numbers. This plasma sheath is generated at about Mach number 10 and higher and introduces a high attenuation factor – often leading to full blackout – for standard radio frequencies used in telemetry and other communications. The 37 attendees were either experts in this field or people actively involved in applications that require communications under these conditions.


It is known that the tooth flank geometry, assembly errors and the operating conditions of a gear pair have significant influence on tooth contact, load distribution and dynamic response. However, the study of the effects of assembly errors on the mesh characteristics and dynamic response for crossed beveloid gears has been limited due to the complicated geometry and time-varying mesh characteristics. In this study, three types of assembly errors including shaft angle, offset and gear axial position error are examined based on a synthesized mesh model and a three-dimensional elastically coupled rigid-body dynamic model. Also, the relation between a dominant geometry design parameter that is the crossed angle between the first principal directions of the tooth surface curvatures (FPD-angle) and the sensitivity of mesh characteristics and dynamic response subject to assembly errors is investigated. Through the sensitivity analysis with different FPD-angles, the shaft angle error is found to be the most sensitive factor affecting the mesh and dynamic behaviors of crossed beveloid gear set. On the other hand, the gear axial position errors have the least influence on the mesh characteristics and dynamic response. In most cases, the influences of assembly errors on mesh characteristics and dynamics become weaker with the increase of FPD-angle.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


Tourism seasonality is a major issue within tourism but is poorly understood. This paper argues for the adoption of a leisure constraints framework to develop more in-depth insights into seasonal variations in tourism. The structure of this argument consists of three parts: (1) the limitations of existing understandings of seasonality in tourism; (2) the nature of leisure constraints theory and its underutilisation in a tourism context; and (3) the benefits of adopting this theoretical framework in terms of its relative sophistication and hierarchical models.


Abstract Two teenage negro brothers with chronic hyperphosphatemia, one of whom exhibited heterotopic calcifications around large joints, underwent studies of phosphate metabolism. Both patients de...


were prepared, using ion-exchange chromatography, from a partial hydrolyzate ofchitosan with HC1. The oligosaccharides from (GlcN)2* to (GlcN)5 were obtained by this procedure with lower yield as their molecular weight increased, but a large amount of D-glucosamine was also produced in the acid hydrolyzate. We have reported2) that the chitosanase from Bacillus sp. No. 7-M produced dglucosamine oligosaccharides of high molecular weight in the degradation of chitosan and a slight amount of dglucosamine is detected only after prolonged incubation. D-Glucosamine oligosaccharides of high molecular weight have antifungal activity.3* In this paper, we describe how D-glucosamine oligosaccharides can be prepared with a high yield by the enzymatic hydrolysis of chitosan. Chitosan (the degree of deacetylation, 99%) was the product of Katakura Chikkarin Co., Ltd. Chitosanase was purified from the culture broth of Bacillus sp. No. 7-M by the procedure described previously2) and the active fraction separated by first CM-Sephadex C-50 column chromatography was used as the purified enzyme. The specific activity of the enzymewas 217 units per mgprotein. Chitosan solution was prepared by dispersing 15g of chitosan in 100ml of water, dissolving it with stirring with 70ml of 1m lactic acid and making up to 300ml with water. The pH value of the 5% chitosan obtained was 5.40. A mixture of 50ml of 5% chitosan and 5 ml ofchitosanase (52.5 units) was incubated for 6hr at 37°C, and then boiled for 3min.


Background: A major cause of morbidity and mortality for the working population of industrialized and developing nations is trauma, particularly blunt abdominal trauma. Objective: To assess the outcome of surgery for Blunt abdominal trauma. Methods: During the period of the study, 60 cases of blunt abdominal trauma were examined in a tertiary care hospital. Upon admission, the patient's medical history was reviewed, including the type of injury sustained and the time of the incident. In addition to a detailed physical examination, blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate were measured at the time of admission. A systemic examination of the chest, abdomen and central nervous system was also carried out. Injuries to the external, skeletal, and other parts of the body were noted. Likewise, the presence of hematuria was recorded. Results: Younger populations (21-0 years) are more likely to suffer trauma, with men (7:1) being more likely to suffer. Most of the injuries were caused by motor vehicle accidents (48.33%). The blind abdominal tap was 55% sensitive to hemoperitoneum, while ultra-sonography was 80% sensitive. CT was almost 100% sensitive for abdominal injuries. Spleen (46.67%) and liver (21.67%) were the common organs injured. Patients who got delayed for hospital admission and whose operations lasted over an hour had a higher mortality rate. Conclusion: Preventing abdominal trauma would prevent loss of productivity. It would be advantageous if trauma registries documented the care delivered, assessed the outcome, and implemented necessary changes as early as possible.


This study has the purpose to analyze the influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio and Non-Performing Loan on profitability of Commercial Banks. The sample of this study consists of 26 Commercial Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2019. This research used Multiple Regression Analysis to analyze the data gathered from audited financial reports of those banks. The results showed that the Capital Adequacy Ratio and Non-Performing Loan simultaneously affect the Profitability, which means that if there is an increase in Capital Adequacy Ratio and Non-Performing Loan, then it will be followed by an increase in Return on Assets. However, if it`s tested partially then it is only Non-Performing Loans that affect the Return on Assets. The influence was negative and statistically significant. The Capital Adequacy Ratio had positive influence on Return on Assets but not statistically significant.


Native yam starch was modified by oxidation (with sodium hypochlorite), acid, and enzyme (with gluco-amylase), respectively. Ash content, fat content, protein, and AM contents were reduced following modifications. All the modifications reduced swelling capacity whereas improved the solubility. The SEM of the native starch showed the presence of large oval or spherical to small irregular-shaped granules, however, oxidation and hydrolysis caused collapse of the granules. From the XRD, the typical C-type XRD pattern of the native starch changed to the typical A-type XRD pattern of the three modified starches. The above results also demonstrated that amorphous region of yam starch granules was preferentially degraded than crystalline region of granules. DSC showed that oxidation and acid/enzyme hydrolysis reduced peak temperature of gelatinization (Tp) of native starch significantly. Enthalpy of gelatinization (ΔH) of oxidation and enzyme starch was reduced but it has no obviously change following acid modification.


In this article we study the existence of shock wave solutions for systems of partial dierential equations of hydrodynamics with viscosity in one space dimension in the context of Colombeau's theory of generalized functions. Thisstudyusestheequalityinthestrictsenseandtheassociation of generalized functions (that is the weak equality). The shock wave solutionsaregivenintermsofgeneralizedfunctionsthathavetheclassical Heaviside step function as macroscopic aspect. This means that solutions are sought in the form of sequences of regularizations to the Heaviside function that have to satisfy part of the equations in the strict sense and part of the equations in the sense of association.


In this paper, we introduce a large-scale test collection for multiple document summarization, the Text Summarization Challenge 3 (TSC3) corpus. We detail the corpus construction and evaluation measures. The significant feature of the corpus is that it annotates not only the important sentences in a document set, but also those among them that have the same content. Moreover, we define new evaluation metrics taking redundancy into account and discuss the effectiveness of redundancy minimization.


Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial jurisdiction — Exemptions from restrictions upon territorial jurisdiction — Irregular apprehension — Defendant allegedly kidnapped from foreign country and tortured before being brought into United States — Whether irregular apprehension affects jurisdiction of United States courts to order his extradition — The law of the United States The individual in international law — Extradition — Conditions of extradition — Extraditable crimes — Dual criminality — The law of the United States The individual in international law — Extradition — Political crimes — Burden of proof — The law of the United States The individual in international law — Extradition — Procedure of extradition — Jurisdiction of court considering a request for extradition — Whether court has jurisdiction to order extradition of defendant who has been kidnapped from a third State — Whether alleged torture of defendant prior to hearing prevents court from ordering his extradition — Clerical errors in documents supporting request — Whether invalidating request — Dual criminality — The law of the United States


Abstract  The dike swarm of lamprophyres at Pishan on the SW margin of the Tarim terrane is composed of ultra‐potassic lamprophyres that have intruded into the Proterozoic hornblende schists. 40Ar/39 Ar dating data suggest that the isochron ages for phlogopite and whole rock separates of the lamprophyres are 231.7±0.3 Ma and 228.5±0.3 Ma, respectively. Geochemical data indicate that the dikes were derived from a subduction‐related or metasomatized mantle. During the Middle‐Late Triassic the western Kunlun area entered the post‐orogeny period, and thus the occurrence of the dike swarm in the study area may have been controlled by underplating.


This study aimed to describe the causes of the Minangkabau people migrated in the short story collection Pengantin Subuh karya Zulfemi Wimra, many interesting things to study, especially regarding the causes of the Minangkabau people migrated. Short story is one form of literature that is used as a means of letters in raising issues relating to the causes wander. One of them is the short story works Zulfeni Wimra Bride dawn. The short story tells a lot about the causes wander in terms of sociology of literature. The method used in this study is a qualitative method that produces written data and events, about the shape of the causes wander in the short story collection The bride Dawn Wimra Zulfemi work. The technique used is descriptive, which is to describe in detail about the shape causes the Minangkabau people migrated in the short story collection The bride Dawn Wimra Zulfemi work. The results of this study causes Dawn Bride wander in the short story works Zulfemi Wimra as economic, social, educational, cultural and religious.


Response of various soybean varieties [Glycine max (L.) Merril] againts peanut stripe potyvirus infection. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of PStV infection on soybean growth of various soybean varieties. Treatments were arranged in completely randomized design in split plot experiment with four replications. Main plots were virus-inoculated and uninoculated plants; subplots were eight soybean varieties (Wilis, Orba, MLG2521, Amerikana, Yellowbean, B3570, Slamet and Taichung). The results showed that infection decreased soybean growth indicated by reduction dry weight of soybean plant and reduction of soybean yield. Slamet variety compared to other varieties showed susceptible reaction indicated by the shortest incubation period (9,75 days), significant reduction of dry weigh of soybean plant, and the highest reduction of soybean yield (23,6%). Thaicung variety showed resistant reaction indicated by longest incubation period (14,3 days) and insignificant reduction of soybean growth and yield.


Expression of proteins in eucaryotic systems is often the only way to ensure the correct folding and processing necessary for protein function. Heterologous proteins, however, are commonly retained in the secretory pathway, so that secreted product yield is low despite a high level of transcription. A major limiting step in protein secretion is protein folding in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. This process is assisted by accessory macromolecules resident in this compartment, including chaperones such as the hsp70 homologue binding protein (BiP). Although induction of foreign proteins in yeast initially elicits a transient increase in local chaperone concentration, long-term protein expression lowers both chaperone and secreted product. A mechanistic model that can account for the experimentally observed role of BiP in secretion and the effects of BiP overexpression on the secretory pathway is described here. The model predicts that equimolar synthesis of chaperone and foreign protein should optimize protein secretion.


The paper reports research on automatic back-of-the-book indexing. It presents a methodology which brings together knowledge from different disciplines. It is inspired by human indexing methodology and the results are more similar to manually-crafted indexes than those produced by previous automatic approaches. Issues of evaluation and applications are addressed. Cette communication presente les resultats de recherche sur l'indexation automatique de livres. L'etude propose une methodologie qui rassemble des sources de connaissances provenant de disciplines differentes. La methodologie s'inspire de l'indexation humaine et les resultats se rapprochent plus de l'indexation manuelle que les autres methodes d'indexation automatique. Sont egalement touches les enjeux d'evaluation et d'applicabilite.


It is customary in the physicochemical literature to define the static transverse dielectric function of a polar fluid according to the relation eT(k) = 1 + 4πβST(k), where β=(kBT)−1 and ST(k) is a measure of the static fluctuations of the Fourier components of the transverse part of the electric polarization field in the fluid. In this work we evaluate eT(k) for models of two classes. (1) In a DS model each molecule is a hard sphere with a point dipole at its center. It is the simplest representative of models in which the long range intermolecular interactions are generated by a set of point multipoles located at a single point in the molecule. In this case ST(k) is SM,T(k), the static correlation function of the transverse part of the dipole polarization density M(k). (2) In a ζDS model fluid, comprising nonideal dipolar hard spheres, the long range interactions are accounted for by two opposite partial charges on either side of the sphere's center and separated by a distance l. The ζDS model is the simplest interaction site model (ISM) of a polar fluid. For an ISM the relevant structure factor ST(k) is SPμ ,T(k), the static correlation of the transverse part of the full electric polarization density vector Pμ(k). Here we compare eT(k) for DS and ζDS models with the help of the mean spherical approximation for the required structure functions. The ζDS–DS difference in eT(k) at large k is found to parallel the behavior of the static longitudinal dielectric function eL(k). However, eT(k), unlike eL(k), is a damped oscillatory function of k with no poles on the real k axis.It is customary in the physicochemical literature to define the static transverse dielectric function of a polar fluid according to the relation eT(k) = 1 + 4πβST(k), where β=(kBT)−1 and ST(k) is a measure of the static fluctuations of the Fourier components of the transverse part of the electric polarization field in the fluid. In this work we evaluate eT(k) for models of two classes. (1) In a DS model each molecule is a hard sphere with a point dipole at its center. It is the simplest representative of models in which the long range intermolecular interactions are generated by a set of point multipoles located at a single point in the molecule. In this case ST(k) is SM,T(k), the static correlation function of the transverse part of the dipole polarization density M(k). (2) In a ζDS model fluid, comprising nonideal dipolar hard spheres, the long range interactions are accounted for by two opposite partial charges on either side of the sphere's center and separated by a distance l. The ζDS model is the s...


The development of auto navigation technology and products in china are analyzed,and the current confronted questions about it are summarized.Finally the development of technology and products of car navigation are presented.


The linear sweep voltammetric study of Ni in molten LIF-NaF-KF eutectic was carried out at temperatures between 470 and 540°C by using an indicator electrode made of Pt bead. The observed reduction wave for Ni(II) was considered due to the reversible two-electron reduction, Ni(II) → Ni(0). Nickel(II) can be determined in molten LIF-NaF-KF eutectic with the detection limit of 4 x 10−4 mol/dm3. The diffusion coefficient of Ni(II) was found to be 5 x 10−6 cm2/S at 500°C and its activation energy, (5.86 ± 1.67) x 10−4 J/mol.


The nouns "element" and "radical" are prominent words in the chemist's vocabulary. That their meanings nowadays are radically different is a fact that is elementary to all, yet, given their prominence, it is striking that a millennium ago they were virtually synonyms. By the late eighteenth century, Lavoisier and his colleagues had assigned them different denotations. Given the fundamental status of these two words in modern chemistry, it seems of interest to sketch the synonyms' divergent histories, which are taken in this paper through the first decades of the nineteenth century. Inevitably, the evolution of words is about the evolution of ideas. In this case, it is the evolving complexity of our ideas about the fundamental nature of matter that acts as a wedge to drive their meanings apart.


The share of non-standard tests for contaminants in food and food raw materials during 2003 to 2009. in Nizhnekamsk varied from 0,3-3,3%. However, the proportion of contaminated toxic food products, both in town and in the pre-school organizations are increasing every year, reaching to 2009. in pre-school organizations 100%. Calculated the average daily load of chemical contamination of food with heavy metals for the child population Nizhnekamsk. Intake of cadmium of children associated with dairy products, to a lesser extent vegetables, bread and sugar. Average daily intake of mercury in food products due to dairy products, fish and meat. Most of lead by children comes from dairy products and sugar. Consequently, it is necessary to pay greater attention in the first place, heavy metal pollution of milk and dairy products.


Summary.  Important questions remain on the role of T cells in progression of hepatitis virus‐mediated liver pathogenesis: are T cells 'Good or Bad'? How could one maintain a beneficial balance, in which regulatory T‐cell (Treg) populations might play an important role? Treg are a heterogeneous population of cells, including the classical CD4+CD25+ subset expressing the transcription factor Foxp3, CD4 T cells secreting IL‐10 (Tr1) or TGF‐β (Th3), but also some CD8 T cells, double negative T cells and γδ T cells. The role of Treg in viral hepatitis, particularly HBV and HCV, seems to range from suppressing T‐cell responses directed against hepatitis viruses to down‐regulating the immune responses causing the liver damage. Questions also remain unresolved on which Treg populations are important and how to establish a beneficial balance, mostly due to the difficulties in studying the heterogeneous Treg populations but also due to the problem accessing liver, the principal target of hepatitis viruses. Here, we will review progress to date on understanding Treg populations in regard to viral hepatitis.


This article examines changing patterns of voting for parties on the left in the UK and Europe. It shows that while combined support for social-democratic, left and Green parties remains strong, the composition of the left's electorate has radically changed. Increasingly, left parties rely on a coalition of new middle-class voters and traditional and new working-class constituencies. This coalition is relatively cohesive on questions of economic redistribution, but divided on social and cultural issues. Recent instability in Labour's electoral coalition reflects broader structural trends facing left parties across Europe.


Akaganeite (βFeOOH) occludes chloride within its crystal structure and adsorbs it onto it surface during its formation. βFeOOH was synthesised by solid-state and aqueous precipitation routes. The amount of adsorbed chloride removed by a single aqueous wash was measured. The impact of the synthesised βFeOOH on the oxidation rate of iron was determined by using a remote oxygen sensing technique to record oxygen concentrations within a sealed vessel, internally controlled to 80% relative humidity and containing mixture of βFeOOH and iron powder. The oxidation rate of iron was directly related to the mass% of adsorbed chloride removed by the aqueous wash. This contributes to understanding of both iron corrosion and the development of conservation treatments.


The shape of the European economy was caused inquirer to maintain the opinion that the capitalist era had begun by at least the fifteenth century with negotiable bills, receivable bills of exchange, paper money namely with bank notes testify to new attitudes of mind and new needs. Even more significant is the role of the capitalist personality and activities. The capitalist as a merchant is a free man to act as he will, in contrast to the narrowed actions and specialized skills with artisan. The fifteenth century businessman is above all the manager of money and the head of enterprises. Opportunities for investment very increased by loan operations of all kinds, marine insurances, shares in


Objective. � e aim of study is to assess the inuence of liverbrosis, steatosis, patient weight and activity of hepatitis inammation to hepatic vein hemodynamic. Patients and methods. 176 consecutive patients with chronic virus hepatitis C underwent both liver biopsy and ultrasound with duplex-Dopplerography of right hepatic vein. Hepatic venous Doppler curve and patients body mass index was evaluated and compared with histologicalndings: Knodell liverbrosis score, hepatitis activity index and level of steatosis. Results. � e incidence ofattened waveforms (biphasic and monophasic) in patients with mild, moderate liverbrosis and without them was similar, 25% to 28.6%. In patients with severebrosis /cirrhosis it was 83.3%. � e pathologicalow pattern in patients with no steatosis, with mild, moderate and severe steatosis was found in 16 cases of 67 (23.9%), in 17 cases of 69 (24.6%), in 11 cases of 30 (35.5%) and in 4 cases of 9 (44%) respectively. No correlation was found betweenattened Doppler curve and hepatitis activity or body mass index. Conclusions. Severe liverbrosis or severe steatosis has strong inuence to hemodynamic of hepatic veins, what appears as � attened, biphasic or monophasic Doppler curve. Doppler ultrasound is not useful for diagnosis or dierentiation of mild or moderate liverbrosis. � e incidence of mono-and biphasic hepatic venousow has tendency to increase with increase of liver steatosis level, although this increase is not statistically signicant. Activity of hepatitis inammation and body mass of patient has no inuence to bloodow pattern in hepatic veins.


In most structural optimization problems the time-consuming implicit analysis must be repeated many times during the solution process. To alleviate this difficulty, the implicit analysis equations are often neglected or replaced by explicit approximations.

Assuming the force method analysis formulation, optimal solutions of two problems are studied and compared:

(a)
The equilibrium linear programme (ELP), where only explicit equilibrium conditions are considered in the analysis model

(b)
The non-linear programme (NLP), where the implicit compatibility conditions are included to obtain a complete formulation.

The effect of geometrical parameters on optimal solutions of both problems is investigated and geometries with particular properties are identified. The main observations that have been made are as follows:

(a)
Multiple optima of the ELP have been obtained for geometries where transitions in the set of active constraints at the ELP optimum occur. The NLP optimum for such a geometry might be included in the set of ELP optima.

(b)
Identical optimal solutions of the two problems have been found for geometries where transitions in the set of active constraints at the NLP optimum occur.

The explicit ELP can be solved instead of the implicit NLP for the two classes of transition geometries.

The relationships between optimal force distributions and objective function values for the two problems are studied and examples where compatibility conditions can be neglected are illustrated.


Objective To explore the effect of antibody response in mouse inoculated with Freud′s vaccine of outer membrance protein with molecular mass of 28-31 kd of campylobacter jejuni(Pur).Methods Thirty BALB/c mice were divided randomly into control group and immune group.Mice in three immune groups were subcutaneously(SC) injected Pur with different doses added the incomplete Freud′s adjuvant(IFA).Mice in control groups were treated with F and NS.Each mouse received five times of immunization at an interval of 6 d(0,7,14,21,28 d)at each same dose of Pur.On 10 d after the final immunization(38 d),the specific antibodies titer in serum were measured with double immunodifusion test and tubeagglutination test.The specific IgG,IgA,secretory IgA(SIgA) antibodies titer in serum and intestinal fluid detected by indirect-ELISA.Results After mice treated with three doses of Freud′s vaccine for five times,antibody titers of immune serum detected by double immunodifusion test were 1∶4-1∶16,and by tube agglutination test were 1∶320-1∶1 280,the levels of specific IgG,IgA and SIgA antibodies in serum and intestinal fluid were significantly higher in immune group than those in control groups(P0.05).No significant difference existed in two control groups(P0.05).Conclusion Freud′s vaccine of outer membrance protein with molecular mass of 28-31 kd of campylobacter jejuni purified by Sephadex G-75 after being extracted by glycine-hydrochloride buffered solution could induce specific antibodies response,especially high level SIgA in intestinal fluid,in BALB/c mice,which would be used as a promising subunit vaccine of campylobacter jejuni.


We have measured implanted and annealed depth distributions for the two elements adjacent to Si, Al, an acceptor in Si, and P, a donor in Si, using secondary ion mass spectrometry for the atom depth distributions and differential capacitance‐voltage profiling for the acceptor or donor depth distributions. Ions of Al or P were implanted into Si amorphized by Si implantation, into crystalline Si in a random orientation, and channeled into the three principal low index directions of the Si lattice, 〈100〉, 〈110〉, and 〈111〉. The ion energies were 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, or 600 keV and the ion influences were 3×1013, 3×1014, and 3×1015 cm−2 for the atom depth distributions, and 1.5×1012 cm−2 for the acceptor and donor profiles. Pearson IV fitting was used to obtain the values of the first four moments of the random depth distributions, the projected range Rp or μ, the range straggle ΔRp or standard deviation σ, the skewness γ1, and the kurtosis β2. For the channeling orientations, the maximum chann...


The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has always been plagued by what queer theorist Judith Butler calls gender trouble. In 2000, the IOC discontinued their practice of sex-testing because medical experts could not agree on what defined a genetic female and so an adequate medical testing measure could not be found. In response to outside pressure, the IOC adopted a policy enabling transsexual athletes to compete in the 2004 Olympic Games. This article argues that the IOC policy on sex reassignment does not operate to guard against discrimination and harassment against transsexual athletes but that it operates to maintain the popular illusion that there are two, binary gender designations. While both transsexual and Olympic bodies have unique histories and vastly different experiences in the social and political realms, using psychoanalysis we contend that the need to test gendered bodies is incited by an anxiety about bodily deterioration, aging, and, ultimately, mortality.


The concept of 'sustainable development' has a futuristic significance. It has evolved from the vision of a group of environmentalists that worked on the benefits of economic development by addressing the environmental issues caused by external factors. According to R.R. Harmon and H. Demirkan, the growth and development of a business often result from the confluence of powerful forces such as social changes, technological innovation, war, globalization, government regulations, resource constraints, and other factors and events that disrupt markets and business models. The dynamics of the market trends must be understood by the management and quickly adapt to market changes to gain a competitive advantage. [15] Green computing, green IT or ICT (information and Communication Technologies) Sustainability, is the study and practice of environmentally sustainable computing or IT. As defined by Murugesan, this can include "designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems — efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment" [5]. Two major problems have been identified with the increasing use of IT devices. Considering the short life span, energy consumption is significantly high especially if we consider the total life cycle of IT products and datacenters' power usage. Secondly, the discarded IT devices pose serious health and environmental hazard because of the presence of some toxic materials in electrical and electronic products (Hanne 2011). According to her, Green IT is mainly concerned with energy consumption, use of toxic substances and e-waste [7]. The concept of greener web browsing described by Bianzino, Raju, and Rossi (2011) is focused on power consumption of the Web from the end-user viewpoint, considering the variability of the websites, browsers, operating system, and hardware equipment. Because of several scripts running parallel in browser tabs, a potentially large source of power waste arises that needs to be addressed for absolute energy savings [8]. According to Murugesan and Laplante (2011), Green IT is also about the application of IT to create energy-efficient, environmentally sustainable business processes and practices. This way, the green IT companies can support, assist, and leverage environmental initiatives and help in creating greener, more sustainable environment while offering economic benefits [9]. Jain et al. (2011) presented an extended balanced scorecard approach that incorporates a new dimension for environmental and social sustainability perspectives. Using this new sustainable balanced scorecard, authors determine the organizational performance of recent green IT initiatives announced via press releases. Based on this analysis, they offer recommendations for top


The world cant able to run without two wheelers. People do not have the awareness of tuning their vehicle in the periodic interval and so harmful gas emission gets increased. Proper awareness should be created among the people about the harmful gas emission. In order to aware the people, there should be an indicator present in the two wheelers. This work introduce carbon monoxide indicator in the two wheelers. One can check the emission rate in the frequent interval and can take remedial action. This prevents degrading the environment from pollution. Keywords—Carbon monoxide indicator, Two wheelers, Environment, Pollution ,Awareness.


Sexual Adjustment in Marriage is an excellent example of this from the pen of a well-known Danish writer. His book gives us a comprehensive survey of the difficulties likely to be encountered by a married couple in the process of finding sexual adjustment, and, as the dust-cover points out, it "draws fully from a very wide and thoroughly grounded experience." This is undoubtedly true, but, unfortunately for the sales of the book, it is equally true of two or three dozen similar works that have appeared in the course of the last ten years. The utmost therefore that can be said for this new book is that it is well and clearly written and that it is one of the many works to be recommended to those requiring information on this important subject. KENNETH WALKER.


I discuss how employee turnover affects career success and firm performance in China. Based on the literatures the model about employee turnover, career success and firm performance is built. From the model it is found that employee turnover brings to employee input diminishing that could produce employee pay loss and cut down firm profit because of immature labor market in China. To verify the view, I give a demonstration based on data in which the result is consistent with the above theory. From the conclusion, the proposals are as follows: an employee should reduce turnover to avoid market risk, and a firm build the cohesion culture to attract its employees, and the government should establish the perfect labor market for employees.


The present invention relates to compositions which are suitable for the immunotherapy of tumor diseases. Such agents are tumor cells present in a human with a combination of MHC I and MHC II genes, wherein said genes are expressed, a tumor cell containing tumor cell library and the tumor cells comprehensive vaccine. Further, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of the tumor cells and the use of these as well as the vaccine and tumor cell library.


In the past few years, regional development initiatives in Taiwan have begun to attach more importance to eco-tourism, and have adopted the concept of the "eco-museum" to help preserve the special characteristics of local communities and support community development planning. With the additional boost provided by the government's Local Cultural Museum project, in the future it can be anticipated that more and more local communities will seek to develop their own eco-museums. This study forecasts the emergence of a new wave of eco-museum based eco-tourism in Taiwan over the next few years. It is clear from a review of the literature that, in the new era of the "experience economy", experiential marketing offers an effective means of creating value for tourists, thereby boosting tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty, and helping to attract more tourists to the regions concerned. The present study adopts an experiential marketing viewpoint, examining the perceived experiential value, satisfaction and loyalty of tourists participating in eco-museum based eco-tourism to formulate experiential marketing strategy recommendations for eco-museum based eco-tourism. It is anticipated that the adoption of these suggestions will help to increase the value that tourists gain from their experiences, and that in so doing they will help to strengthen tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty, which in turn will stimulate the further development of eco-museum based eco-tourism; the revenue from tourism can then be used to support sustainable development at the local level. The "Bali Left Bank" zone was the first museum-centered local development project in Taiwan to be completed, and the first eco-museum complex (built around a core museum) to actually begin operation. Bali Left Bank therefore has immense significance for the development of eco-museum based eco-tourism in Taiwan, hence the decision to focus on Bali Left Bank as a case study. Using a questionnaire survey and statistical analysis, the study examines the experiential value accruing to tourists that visit the Bali Left Bank zone. An experiential marketing grid based on that developed by Bernd Schmitt is then applied to the empirical results obtained in the survey, using a grid of seven "experience providers" (ExPros)and five "strategic experiential modules" (SEMs), to develop experiential marketing recommendations for the Bali Left


Hydrogels based on acrylamide (AM) and ethanol organosolv lignin (EOL) with high swelling and good mechanically elastic properties were synthesized in an alkaline solution. EOL was used as a reactive filler for the preparation of AM-based hydrogels. The impact of EOL addition on the physicochemical properties of AM-based hydrogels was investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and their mechanical properties were examined. The water swelling ratio of the prepared hydrogels increased with the increase of EOL content, and their maximum swelling ratio could reach up to 180. Mechanical measurements indicated that their tensile strength was highly dependent on the amount of EOL, and their elongation at break reached up to 1400%. The formation mechanism of EOL composite hydrogels was probably that most of AM was synthesized into the crosslinked poly(acrylic amide) network, and small quantities of AM was hydrolyzed to acrylic acid ions under alkaline condition. The chain transfer of free radicals from AM and/or AA to EOL molecules occurred in the polymerization process. With increasing EOL content in the hydrogels, an interpenetrating polymer network might be mainly formed by the hydrogen bonding between EOL and AA and/or AM molecules. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42638.


Salivary hybrid carcinoma (HC) is defined as when two or more kinds of carcinoma exist at the same location in a single mass. We reestimated and examined three cases of salivary gland HC. Case 1 involved a 76-year-old male. Case 2 involved a 74-year-old female. Case 3 involved a 66-year-old male. Histologically, case 1 involved a combination of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC). Immunohistochemically, the former was positive for gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP)-15 and androgen receptor (AR). Case 2 involved a combination of SqCC and neuroendocrine carcinoma. Immunohistochemically the latter was positive for synaptophysin and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Case 3 involved a combination of SDC and epithelial–myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC). Immunohistochemically, the former was positive for GCDFP-15 and AR, whereas the inner cells of the latter were positive for cytokeratin 7, and the outer cells of the latter were positive for actin. Because of the transitional zone between SDC and EMC, it was speculated that high-grade SDC arose from low-grade EMC.


Following the "empirical turn" paradigm,philosophy of technology of the Netherlands has created the "Twente Model" that is with the descriptive and normative dimensions under the post-phenomenological analysis framework.By means of dually focusing on ethical or non-ethical technological values "Twente Model" provided a research perspective of the philosophy of technology.In the meantime "Empirical turn" introduces and absorbs the cultural elements in the epost-phenomenological program of the "Twente Model",which will promote "cultural turn" in the philosophy of technology.


In the high-speed mobile environment,a high PAPR is a key factor affecting the system performance and achievement of OFDM.In order to reduce the large computation complexity of conventional TR,the basic principle of the TR algorithm was analyzed.An improved algorithm was proposed.The improved Newton-method was introduced based on the Tone Reservation algorithm.Compared with the traditional algorithm,the improved algorithm achieves a good compromise between the performance and complexity of computation with higher practicability


The drainage hole is usually indispensable to seepage control for hydraulic engineering,which influences greatly the safety and stability of structures.Thus optimization design of drainage holes is very important and it is necessary to simulate drainage holes correctly in convenience.Various schemes of drainage holes should be studied for optimization design,which contains multiple factors,while the preprocessing work of seepage analysis is troublesome and time consuming because of the existance of drainage holes.The orthogonal design method is adopted to reduce the times of seepage analysis for fewer schemes of drainage holes.The composite element method(CEM) is adopted for the convenience of preprocess,by which the drainage holes needn't be meshed out and optimization design needs only one set mesh for different schemes of drainage holes.The optimization design of drainage holes based on orthogonal experiments and CEM contains the following steps: determination of testing indexes,factors and levels;selection of drainage hole designs by the corresponding orthogonal table;seepage analysis by CEM;range analysis and selection of the optimized scheme.The optimized design of drainage holes can be obtained by the method,which is valuable for engineering application.The feasibility and effectiveness of the method are verified by practical project cases.


Objective To analyze the cognition on AIDS related laws among disease-preventing workers in primary hospitals and provide guidance for the related government departments in the training and education.Methods 48 township-level healthcare centers and 12 county or district-level hospitals were selected randomly.A survey on the cognition on AIDS-related laws was conducted among the randomly-selected workers from all positions.Results In terms of voluntary HIV testing,informing of HIV-infection and the treatment of occupational exposure,the cognition level among disease-preventing workers was higher than that in other medical workers(P0.05).In terms of HIV test acknowledgement in pregnant women,the charge,and the treatment of occupational exposure,the cognition level in disease-preventing workers was lower than that in county-level hospital staff(P0.05).In general,the cognition level on AIDS-related laws was low among primary healthcare workers,ranging from 48.5% to 53.8%.Conclusion The level of the cognition on AIDS related laws is still low among primary healthcare workers in the southwest of Zhejiang province,thus related training and education ought to be strengthened.


The article considers the problem of cognitivepragmatic representation of modal meanings and intertextual elements functioning in the English and Russian trial discourse. The provided multi-staged comparative analysis has revealed basic concepts of the trial procedure, types of correlating modal meanings, pragmatic and intertextual parameters of their language realization. Accordingly, the trial discourse is treated either as contest, or counsel, and the author's choice of language expressive means is predetermined by his intention: to alter the recipient's worldview (deontic modality), to describe it (epistemic modality) or to evaluate it (axiological modality).


The invention provides an electric air blower and an electric dust collector provided with the same. The invention aims at providing an electric air blower and an electric dust collector provided with the same advantageous in that, even under the condition that an electromotor is provided at the downstream of the electric air blower, and the air stream of the air blower is used for cooling the electromotor, high efficiency is provided. The electric air blower is characterized in that, the thickness of each diffusion blade (301) disposed on a diffuser (300) is made in a way that, the inner periphery of each diffusion blade (301) to the outer periphery is from thickening to thinning, making the position (313) of the largest blade thickness be in an adjacent joint with the outlet throat portion (303) of an overlapping portion (304).


This article describes and compares immigration control policies and their outcomes in different countries and migration systems in the last decades. In the three decades after the Second World War migration and refugees issues received little attention in public debates. The quest to control migration flows has in many senses proved elusive. Although governments have been keen to demonstrate their capacity to limit the number of immigrants, several domestic and international factors have combined to frustrate their attempts.


The syndrome of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenopathy (PFAPA) is a benign, self-limited, auto-inflammatory disorder. The attacks usually start at age 2 to 5 years and cease before the age of 10 years. Affected children grow and develop normally and experience no long-term sequelae. The course of PFAPA syndrome is attenuated by the carrier state of the familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) gene, MEFV. A high rate of MEFV mutations has also been reported in various hemato-lymphoid neoplasms. We describe a 19-year-old woman with PFAPA syndrome in remission who was diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Although mutations in the FMF gene were not found in this case, the association of PFAPA syndrome with FMF gene mutations and hematological malignancies is discussed.


This paper aims to provide a simple pragmatic approach for supply chain management, departing from the current mainstream chase on supply chain integration. We first summarise two dominant but opposite approaches, the decentralised traditional approach and the centralised supply chain management approach, each of which has its distinct strengths and obvious weaknesses. To take advantage of their strengths and overcome their weaknesses, an evolutionary approach is laid out by applying key insights of the theory of evolution - self-interest, adaptation, and natural cooperation, and of supply chain management - demand and supply evolution. We propose an evolutionary approach that integrates four rudimentary advantages: the organisation fulfils its own interest, the organisation is better adapted to its local environment, natural cooperation is built on direct reciprocity, and demand and supply evolution provides a differential preservation of interrelations between suppliers and buyers. A two-stage newsvendor game illustrates its practical implication, which confirms the evolutionary approach is a legitimate alternative to the current systems integration approach for supply chain management.


As the global economy moves towards the direction of gender equality, feminist movements have also become more predominant worldwide, including in Chinese society. The purpose of this research is to explore perceptions and opinions about feminism and women empowerment on feminism-related articles posted on Chinese media sites. This qualitative study looks into four articles on feminism-related topics and developed a codebook to analyze the comments of each of the four articles. The findings show that anti-feminists expressed beliefs that women are not a vulnerable group and that women receive more tolerance, assistance, and care in society. Also, according to the analysis of data, anti-feminists show the tendency of overgeneralizing feminism while pro-feminism comments present clarification or de-stigmatization for feminism. However, overall 49.5% of comments were positive, suggesting an overall positive view of feminist issues.


To the authors' knowledge, few data currently are available regarding the tolerance to chemotherapy in older cancer patients. This prospective pilot study evaluated the changes in functional, mental, nutritional, and comorbid status, as well as the quality of life (QOL), in geriatric oncology patients receiving chemotherapy.


Feral colonies of European honey bees living in the Arnot Forest, a 1651-ha research preserve in New York State, were studied over a three-year period, 2002 to 2005. This population of colonies was previously censused in 1978. A census in 2002 revealed as many colonies as before, even though Varroa destructor was introduced to North America in the intervening years. Most colonies located in fall 2002 were still alive in fall 2005. The Arnot Forest colonies proved to be infested with V. destructor, but their mite populations did not surge to high levels in late summer. To see if Arnot Forest bees can suppress the reproduction rate of mites, colonies of Arnot Forest bees and New World Carniolan bees were inoculated with mites from an apiary and the growth patterns of their mite populations were compared. No difference was found between the two colony types. Evidently, the stable bee-mite relationship in the Arnot Forest reflects adaptations for parasite (mite) avirulence, not host (bee) resistance. Apis mellifera / Varroa destructor / host-parasite relationship / tolerance / avirulence


...................................................................................................................... ix CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1 LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 2: CHARACTERIZATION OF COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AROUND ACTIVE AND DECOMMISSIONED OIL AND GAS PLATFORMS IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO .................................................................................. 14 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 14 METHODS AND MATERIALS .................................................................................. 17 RESULTS ..................................................................................................................... 23 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................... 40 LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................. 44 CHAPTER 3: SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF REEFASSOCIATED FISHES AROUND ACTIVE AND DECOMMISSIONED OIL AND GAS PLATFORMS IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF MEXICO ................................... 48 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 48 METHODS AND MATERIALS .................................................................................. 51 RESULTS ..................................................................................................................... 59 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................... 70 LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................. 76 GENERAL SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS............................................................ 79 LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................. 82 APPENDIX: SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES AND FIGURES ....................................... 84 VITA ................................................................................................................................. 90


OBJECTIVE To determine the content of baicalin in Xiongle Mixtures.METHODS HPLC was used the amalysis stical columa was ODS and the mobile phase was methanol water phosphoric acid(45∶55∶0 21)The UV detection wavelength was 280nm.RESULTS There was good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0 160~10 400μg of baicalin (r=0 9998).The average recovery was 98 20%,RSD=1 48%.CONCLUSION This method is simple fast and accurate.


The present invention provides a sodium ion secondary battery, and an object thereof is to suppress the precipitation of the sodium at the time of overcharging. The present invention, with a separator interposed between the positive electrode containing the positive electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material and the positive electrode and the negative electrode, an electrolyte, wherein the cathode active material, can reversibly occlude and release sodium ions and sodium-containing transition metal oxides include, the sodium-containing transition metal oxide, in a fully charged state, the ratio of the sodium atom to the transition metal atom and a Na /


We consider the density matrix for weakly damped quantum oscillators. It is proved that the locally time-averaged density matrix derived from the full density matrix satisfies a closed set of equations, which reduce under specified conditions to population rate equations. Rate coefficients in these equations include contributions from collision-induced transitions and internal collisionless transitions explicitly arranged as sequential processes. We compare solutions of the new rate equations with the full density matrix for a four-level driven system. It is shown that despite some notable success in matching locally time-averaged quantities by extending the Wilcox-Lamb formalism to the weak-damping limit, the new equations are more naturally suited for this limit. In contrast with the Wilcox-Lamb formalism, we show that the new equations give a representation of the local time average whose accuracy is limited only by the degree of time-scale separation between collisions and internal dynamics.


In this paper,a self-balance mobile robot is brought forward。 Based on the functional requirements of the system,the self balancing locomotion control system of the robot are established.The embedded control system,composed by PC104,digital I/O card,and motor drivers,is presented,assuring that the hardware system is characterized by great expansibility,flexibility,real-time processing,and low power consumption;Then,The effectiveness of the developed mobile robot is confirmed by the man-carrying forwarding and retreating experiments.


Road traffic accidents while at work are the single largest cause of occupational fatality in the United Kingdom. Work-related road accidents do not comprise a homogeneous group, but take many forms, encompassing the use of varying types of vehicle used for diverse purposes and including special sub-groups such as those working in, on, or near the highway. A sample of 2111 accident cases was considered, including 1009 in detail, from Midland police forces, involving drivers/workers of all ages and covering the years 1996-2004 inclusive. Each case was summarized on a database including the main objective features (such as time and place) and a summary narrative, a sketch plan and a list of explanatory factors. The summary narrative, in particular, included judgements by the researchers that emphasized the sequence of events leading up to the accident. The main findings were as follows: (1) There were six main classes of accident-involved vehicle, which covered 88% of the sample. These were company cars, vans/pickups, lorries - large goods vehicles (LGVs), buses - passenger carrying vehicles (PCVs), taxis/minicabs and emergency vehicles. Sub-groups in the remaining 12% of the sample included people driving miscellaneous vehicle types and those working in, on, or near the road. (2) The drivers of company cars, vans/pickups and lorries (LGVs) all appeared to have a high 'blameworthiness' ratio in their accident involvement. Company car drivers showed excess speed as a causal factor, whereas van drivers showed more observational failures, and LGV drivers showed more fatigue and vehicle defects as factors. (3) The drivers of buses (PCVs), taxis/minicabs and emergency vehicles showed a low 'blameworthiness' ratio in their accident involvement. Their problems seemed to be primarily with the other drivers/parties with whom they share the road. While they made a variety of mistakes or errors, they were more likely to become the victim of another party's mistake or error. (4) Workers on, in, or near the road seemed to come to grief through the behavior of drivers who sometimes seemed to be aggressively asserting their right of way over pedestrians with little regard to their safety.


Globalization, new technologies, culture shifts are some of the factors contributing to the fast-moving environment where organizations develop their activities. As a consequence, organizations hav ...


A sufficient condition of the local stability for a predator–prey model is obtained in terms of parameters of the problem under consideration. This condition is necessary and sufficient for the linear approximation.


General application and requirement of damping material for naval vessels are introduced and the process technology is offered.Furthermore,the cruces of process technology and means for quality control are discussed and the development direction of damping material for naval vessels is suggested from process technology point of view.


Metal halide perovskites are widely studied in photoluminescence and photodetection applications owing to their outstanding optical and electrical properties. The optoelectronic properties and stability of the material can be improved by the modification of the A‐site ions doping. Herein, a series of dimethylammonium (DMA) doped CsPbBr3 single crystals, Cs1−xDMAxPbBr3 (x = 0.1–0.4), is prepared by a solvent evaporation method. The phase, density, infrared spectra, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra, fluorescence spectra, and photoelectric response of the Cs1−xDMAxPbBr3 series are tested. The results show that as the DMA content increases, the lattice parameters increase, while the bandgap energy and the density decrease when x ≤ 0.3. The A‐site doping of DMA improves the optoelectronic properties of the crystals and shows the greatest photocurrent response at x = 0.1.


In 1864 the V&A (then the South Kensington Museum) purchased a large marble altar frame from a dealer in Florence. The quality of the frame identifies it as the product of a leading Florentine sculpture workshop, possibly that of Giuliano da Sangallo at the end of the fifteenth century. Its dimensions indicate that it would have housed a large altarpiece in one of the city's churches. The frame's provenance remains obscure, but this article offers the first critical evaluation of the object based on first‐hand examination. Comparisons with similar frames in Florentine churches (surviving and documented) suggest that the V&A frame can be identified as an example of a particular category of monumental altar that was popular in the city in the decades around 1500. This type combined painted panel altarpieces with sculpture, integrating both within impressive architectural superstructures comprising lateral columns, elaborate entablatures, and arched lunettes. Identifiable examples housed altarpieces by Perugino, Lorenzo di Credi, Piero di Cosimo, and Ridolfo del Ghirlandaio, each juxtaposed with tin‐glazed terracotta reliefs by the Della Robbia shop. The popularity of these arched frames was relatively short‐lived, but their brief heyday provides important evidence for the gathering appreciation of aesthetic integration, formal order and spatial symmetry within Italian church interiors in the years around 1500.


Background  Keloid pathogenesis involves an altered balance of extracellular matrix metabolism, mainly accumulation of type I collagen. This could be due to excessive synthesis or decreased degradation of matrix, or a combination of both processes. Prolidase, an imidodipeptide‐cleaving cytosolic enzyme, plays an important role in the collagen catabolic process by recycling proline for collagen synthesis. Collagen accumulation in keloids is due to an imbalance in the steady state of collagen turnover.


By introducing a new concept "Auxiliary Circle"about Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅱ crank-rocker mechanisims,based on the dwell district theory of crank fixed hinge center A,and on the precondition of the only parameter of the rocker angle ψ a series of important conclusions about the range and the maximum value of the crank angle θ between extreme positions and the advence-to return-time ratio K was obtained.These conclusions will have certain guiding significane for mechanism analysis and mechanism design.


The hirudin‐like factor 1 (HLF1) of Hirudo medicinalis belongs to a new class of leech‐derived factors. In previous investigations, HLF1 did not exhibit anticoagulatory activities. Here, we describe the analysis of natural and synthetic variants of HLF1 and HLF‐Hyb, a yet uncharacterized member of the HLF family. Modifications within the N terminus of HLF1 have a strong impact on its activity. Some variants of HLF1 exhibit thrombin‐inhibiting activity comparable to hirudins, whereas others have reduced or no activity. The analyses of HLF‐Hyb variants revealed a strong impact of the central globular domain on activity. Our results indicate a comparable mode of action of hirudins and thrombin‐inhibiting HLF variants. Finally, we propose and discuss criteria for classifying hirudins and HLFs.


Craft's is a company intended to the wholesale and retail distribution of accessories used for creating handicrafts. A construction of new name (MAKI) is proposed for this company, followed the creation of brand image, and advertising campaign. The purpose of this campaign is to promote the variety of products the company offers, and to position the brand in the customer's minds. To accomplish this, it's necessary to develop an effective and strategic communication method to address the target. Through the campaign we want to increase current customer's loyalty and generate curiosity and buying intention of potential customers.


The experiment of discolor zone indicates that Pleurotus ostreatus can selectively degrade lignin,and the rate of lignin degradation is 17.86% after 15 days' culture,the cellulose degradation rate is 2.44% and the Select Factor(SF)is 9.79.The rate of lignin degradation in the non-autoclaved straw which cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus is 50.24%.The result of the analysis to the degradation outcome of lignin by GC/MS and IR shows that the degradation effect by Pleurotus ostreatus is very effective.In the GC/MS analysis,lots of compounds containing benzene ring were detected.It proves that lignin polymer was degraded when Pleurotus ostreatus was cultured.The breakage first occurred on the side chain and the bond between monomers,such as Cα-Cβ,β-O-4 etc.,and formed the monomers.Then Pleurotus ostreatus exhibited its special degradation mechanism,methoxy was displaced by methyl,then the ring-opening reaction happened.It is different from the reported about the degradation mechanism of white-rot fungi.In IR analysis,the result is the same as that of GC/MS.In the degradation outcome by Pleurotus ostreatus there are some special groups such as guaiacyl and syringyl.The result proves that lignin is degraded by Pleurotus ostreatus,and the first oxidation is on the side chain of monomer.