Healthful dietary intakes are crucial for stemming the current childhood obesity epidemic. We examined the dietary intakes of 392 Michigan children aged 1–12 years. About 70% and 58% of children ate fruits and vegetables, respectively, each day; 26% drank sugar-sweetened beverages; and 31% ate with a television on. Children's vegetable intakes were significantly and moderately correlated with their parents' vegetable intakes (r = .34–.38), but their fruit intakes were more related to their grandparents' fruit intakes (r = .31). Due to the relative representativeness of our sample and similarities in eating patterns across the region, Extension professionals may consider our study findings when designing tailored nutrition education programs for families in the midwestern United States.


The classical and quantal theories of angular momentum and spin are related using the spherical top as a model. The quantum mechanical spectral operator kernel of the spherical top is evaluated and expressed exactly as a sum over classical paths of terms containing the classical action. A relation between corresponding values of the classical and quantal angular momentum is obtained which holds for all values of the angular momentum quantum number.


A 10-year old boy with bronchial asthma referred to allergy clinic for allergy work-up. He complained of abdominal pain and blurred vision 20-rmnutes after undergoing allergy skin scratch test. Physical examination showed clammy and cyanotic extremities, and hypotension. The skin test result showed positive rection for house dust, mite, and shrimp. Based on these findings the diagnosis of anaphylaxis associated with scratch test was made. The suggested offending extract was shrimp with possible interference of the other two extracts. Epinephnne 0.3 subcutaneously was initiated. The first dose gave a disappointing result, and then followed by the second dose which gave better result; dexamethasone was also administered. The eosinophilia, positive specific Ig E to shnmp, house dust and mite as indicated by RAST justify the atopic status of the patient. The management of the main disease consisted of house dust control, elimination diet, and symptomatic treatment were commenced.


ABSTRACTVarious forms of bioconversion of lactose from whey ultrafiltrate to absorbable carbon components have been studied with the purpose of utilizing whey ultrafiltrate as a substrate for synthesis of exopolysaccharides from the lactose-negative strain Rhodotorula acheniorum MC. In this connection, the influence of preliminary enzyme hydrolysis of lactose from whey ultrafiltrate on polysaccharides production has been studied. The biosynthetical ability of Rh. acheniorum MC grown together with Kluyveromyces marxianus var.lactis MC5 on whey ultrafiltrate has been tested as well as the symbiosis between the species Rh. acheniorum and Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei. It has been determined that the yeast strain-producer, when in association with the lactic acid strain Lactobacillus casei 91, shows higher activity in the production of polysaccharides (9.35 g/L) than when it is associated with K.marxianus var.lactis MC5 (7.8 g/L). The biological system including the Rh.acheniorum MC + K.marxianus var.lacti...


A BSTRACT In a farming community of the Igembe (a subgroup of the Kimiiru-speaking people) of the Kenyan central highlands, people do not rely primarily on judgements by specialists, professionals or experts for confl ict management; instead, they have recourse to conditional curses using oaths or the power of ichiaro. A conditional curse provides a mechanism that can be an alternative to reasoned judgement. The third party does not convict the disputants but enables them to wait for either party to recognise his or her responsibility and confess at any time in the future. In these respects, confl ict management in the Igembe community is confession-oriented. Confl ict management with ichiaro is egalitarian and democratic to the extent that every person has the power of ichiaro. Theoretically speaking, the power of ichiaro is universally given to all individuals of the Igembe. If one is born as a member of the Athimba clan, he or she is automatically mwichiaro to the Antuambui and Anduune clans. Such a biological determinism is, from the local perspective, a dominant means of identifying and understanding their ichiaro relationships. While everyone is eligible to represent his or her clan as mwichiaro, some individuals may be appreciated as more powerful mwichiaro than others. Nevertheless, as shown in a case study in this paper, ichiaro men are not required to identify themselves as 'experts' in their private capacity. This biological determinism thus serves to depersonalise the ichiaro.


Calcium supplement before fruit repening by two ways, spraying calcium solution on leaves or berries, could evidently increase calcium level in kiwifruit berries, but the former method was better than the latter. Leaf spraying Ca(NO_3)_2 got a better result than doing CaCl_2, with difference being significant, but the difference in selective absorption of Ca(NO_3)_2 and CaCl_2 by berries was not significant. It was observed that the berries harvested from the vines which received leaf spraying Ca(NO_3)_2 were better at storage property. The soft fruit ratio of either spraying CaCl_2 on leaves or on berries was 90%, when kiwifruit berries were stored for 28 days.


We demonstrate a cost-effective silicon microring-based bio/chemical sensor, which integrates vertical grating couplers, two cascaded microrings for optical sensing and electrical tracing, and Ge photodetector for direct sensing interrogation. Detection limit of 1.5×10-5 is demonstrated.


The copper complexes of bis[2-(3,5-dimethyl-l-pyrazolyl)ethyl]amine (1) and its benzylated derivative (2) have been studied as single crystals by X-ray crystallography and as powders and solutions by a variety of techniques. [Cu(1)·2NO3] (C14H25CUN7O7 including 1 H2O, 3) crystallized in the monoclinic space group Pc (No. 7) with a = 8.1596(9) A,b = 31.164(2) A, c = 7.7966(9) A, β = 94.75(2)°, V = 1975.7(3) A3, and Z = 4 (structure refinement converged to RF = 0.066 and RwF2 = 0.227); [Cu(1)C1O4·C2H5OH]C1O4 (C16H29CI2CUN5O9, 4) crystallized in the orthorhombic space group Pna21 (No. 33) with a = 13.3463(7) A, b = 10.3925(9) A, c = 17.511(1) A, V = 2432.1(3) A3, and Z = 4 (refined to RF = 0.063 and RwF = 0.052); [Cu(2)·2NO3] (C21H29-CuN7O6, 5) crystallized in the monoclinic space group C2/c (No.15) with a = 28.719(2) A, b = 8.6043(6) A, c = 23.034(2) A, β = 124.767(7)°, V = 4675.7(7) A3, and Z = 8 (refined to RF = 0.042 and RwF = 0.034); [Cu·(2)·C2H5OH·Y](C1O4)″ (C48H78Cl4Cu2N10O20, 6) (Y = H2O, n = 2, or C1O4−, n = 1) crystallized in the monoclinic space group P21/c (No. 14) with a = 10.9488(9) A,b = 17.030(2) A, c = 32.893(3) A, β = 92.185-(7)°, V= 6129(1) A3, and Z = 4 (refined to RF = 0.104 and RwF = 0.119). In complexes 3, 4, and 6, the ligand coordinated Cu(II) with a T-shaped arrangement of the nitrogen donor atoms. Ethanol coordinated in one of the apical positions in complexes 4 and 6. The amine nitrogen moved from the basal plane in 3 to the apical position in 5, where the copper had square pyramidal coordination geometry. The largest difference between 4 and 6 was a lengthening of 0.1 A in the bond between the Cu(II) and the amine nitrogen. Conductivity measurements revealed that the nitrate complexes behave as 1:1 electrolytes in acetonitrile solution, whereas the Perchlorate complexes behaved as 2:1 electrolytes. The half-wave potentials, measured in acetonitrile by cyclic voltammetry, were −0.01, +0.15, +0.10, and +0.28 V for 3–6, respectively. The high redox potentials of the copper(II) bis(pyrazole) complexes, in particular for complex 6, are explained by the fact that the Cu(II) complexes have the correct ligand geometry for the stabilization of Cu(I).


Background: Ectopic pregnancyis a major health issue in reproductive age group female.
Aim and Objective: Aim of this review article is basically to describe a case of ovarian pregnancy and to study by a review of literature, the clinical sign &symptoms, diagnostic criteria and management of particular pathlogy accordingly, promote conservative surgical management.
Conclusion: According to spigelbergcriteria,it is a diagnostic challenge to obstetrician. Diagnosis can be missed radiologically and intraopertively.


During 1907, D.D. Palmer went back to commerce briefly before returning to teaching chiropractic, and his former student Thomas Storey faced prosecution for injuries thought to have resulted in a patient's death. B.J. Palmer announced special chiropractic courses for osteopaths and medical practitioners and a one-off bridging course for 'pseudos.' He also established a night school, invested heavily in teaching aids, published Volume 2 of The Science of Chiropractic and made a number of practice aids available to the profession. In a premeditated test case, Palmer graduate Shegataro Morikubo and the Universal Chiropractors' Association (UCA) legal team established chiropractic as separate and distinct from medicine and osteopathy. The year was also characterised by catastrophic earthquakes, floods, mine explosions, rail disasters and shipwrecks, achievements in women's suffrage, an important scientific discovery and establishment of a number of modern icons.


The contribution deals with the risk regulation in the framework of Solvency II, which is the new regulatory system in insurance valid in majority of the EU countries since 2016. It concentrates on the underwriting risk (in particular, on the reserve risk) and on the counterparty default risk (i.e. mainly on the reinsurers' default risk), since such risks are crucial for insurance activities. Various actuarial approaches to the underwriting risk applied by subjects respected by insurance regulators and supervisors are surveyed. Moreover, one of them suggests by means of a real data example a simplified approach to the reserve risk, which may be appreciated in practice just for its simplicity. As to the counterparty default risk, the paper presents a method that can be suitable when the reinsurers form a small group of heterogeneous subjects imperilled by a common shock as a financial crisis or a natural catastrophe; this methodological approach is also demonstrated by a numerical example.


A review of the DVD video Kids with Down syndrome staying healthy and making friends (written, dreicted and produced by Will Schermerhorn. In this review, Julie Hughes praises the DVD as providing a valuable resource for parents and professionals working with children with Down syndrome.


Pacific regional organisations focusing on climate change have overlapping adaptation-related mandates. With the growing importance of regional organisations in supplying financial and technical resources for climate adaptation in small island developing states, it is important to understand how well these supranational organisations work together on these issues. In this paper, theories of regionalism and neofunctionalism, complex systems, and superordinate group identity are used to design an action research project that tests the level of coordination between Pacific regional organisations. It presents and discusses a pre-analysis plan for the project, the goal of which is to determine the ways in which virtual team structure can be used to enhance inter-organisational coordination of adaptation interventions across small, dispersed, resource-constrained country jurisdictions. The proposed study represents an important intermediary step in developing more robust climate-related organisational policies at the regional scale in the Pacific and beyond.


Using s-wave and large N approximation the one-loop effective action for 2d dilaton coupled scalars and spinors which are obtained by spherical reduction of 4d minimal matter is found. Quantum effective equations for reduced Einstein gravity are written. Their analytical solutions corresponding to 4d Kantowski-Sachs (KS) Universe are presented. For quantum-corrected Einstein gravity we get non-singular KS cosmology which represents 1) quantumcorrected KS cosmology which existed on classical level or 2)purely quantum solution which had no classical limit. The analogy with Nariai BH is briefly mentioned. For purely induced gravity (no Einstein term) we found general analytical solution but all KS cosmologies under discussion are singular. The corresponding equations of motion are reformulated as classical mechanics problem of motion of unit mass particle in some potential V .


Abstract Recent contributions on tax competition recognize the interaction between both horizontal and vertical tax externalities in a single federation. The possibility of dominant horizontal externalities leading to excessively low taxes or dominant vertical externalities associated with excessively high taxes has been subject to di¤erent empirical tests. In this paper, we extend the theoretical analysis to a framework with multiple federations (a Union). We show that the relative size of a federation in the Union determines not only the extent but also the direction of the tax ine¢ ciency. The equilibrium state tax is set at a lower rate if the country is small relative to the Union but surprisingly, vertical externalities are more likely to dominate, i.e. for a relative small federation, the non-cooperative local tax rate will be lower than for a relative large federation but the tax rate is still higher than the one observed in the absence of tax competition. This result seems to contradict recent theoretical …ndings where a lower equilibrium state tax is followed by a dominant horizontal externality. (JEL-Codes: H21, H7, H3)


In this paper,two methods to predication the power and energy loss are proposed,one is through the probabilistic distribution function of the total generator power;the other is through the expected value of the total generator power,and the validness of the two methods are testified in a real system. [WT5HZ]


On June 19, the People's Bank of China indicated—once again—that it would loosen its grip on the renminbi-dollar exchange rate and allow the renminbi to appreciate against the dollar. Since then, the renminbi has appreciated a meager 0.7 percent against the dollar. All else constant, a renminbi appreciation should raise the dollar price of Chinese goods, lower the renminbi price of U.S. goods, and whittle away at our trade deficit with that country. Still, unless the exchange rate moves by a substantial amount, we probably will not see much of an effect.


Objective To investigate the value of transabdominal lumbar discectomy (TALD) of L2-L5. Methods A total of 68 patients of lumbar intervertebral disc displacement, 53 of L4/5, 12 of L3/4, 3 of L2/3 underwent PALD under CT guidance except 1 patient. Local pressure was induced to drive the intestines out of puncture area. After the target intervertebral disc was punctured percutaneously with hollow fine needle, decompression was achieved through fetching the pith core of displacement. Results The total effectiveness rate was 93.94% (62/66), and no severe hemorrhage was found. Injury of sigmoid flexure was found in 1 case with serious intestinal adhesion. Conclusion TALD is a valuable complementary method to the treatment of intervertebral disc displacement of L2-L5. CT guidance is necessary to the performance of TALD. TALD is unfavorable for intervertebral disc displacement of L1/2.


In this paper we continue analyzing the introduction of negation into the framework of residuated logic programming [18], [19]; specifically, we focus on extended programs, in which strong negation is introduced. The classical approach to extended logic programs consists in considering negated literals as new, independent, ones and, then apply the usual monotonic approach (based on the fix-point semantics and the TP operator); if the least fix-point so obtained is inconsistent, then the approach fails and no meaning is attached to the program. This paper introduces several approaches to considering consistence (under the term coherence) into a fuzzy setting, and studies some of their properties.


In this paper, we will identify 'standardisation' and 'Celticity' empirically on the basis of the evidence provided by the British and Irish components of the International Corpus of English (ICE). With this approach, 'Celticity' amounts to those features of lexis, grammar, and discourse which appear in ICE-corpora and for which there exists a plausible case of transfer or reinforcing influence from Irish. We will show that such features, by appearing across a range of spoken texts from both the Republic of Ireland and from Northern Ireland, make those texts unmistakably Celticised. Despite this salient level of Celticisation, ICE-Ireland texts remain essentially standard, sharing features with standard English globally and showing few of the features historically associated with traditional dialects of Irish English. It is in this sense that we discuss the dual nature of Irish standard English, showing both the effects of the standardisation process common to all standard Englishes and the effects of Celticisation arising from a variety of circumstances. First, however, we feel it necessary briefly to describe the ICE methodology upon which our results and conclusions are based. For the study of Irish English, the ICE methodology offers several innovations. ICE does not depend on introspection, casual observation or question-


Chinese diasporas refer to the overseas Chinese population including foreign-born migrants (temporary and permanent) and native-born individuals with Chinese ancestry (Zhou, 2017). In the edited book Contemporary Chinese Diasporas, scholars discuss the similarities and differences of Chinese diasporas globally to provide a comprehensive overview of the reasons and impact of migration for social scientists, policy-makers, and practitioners. Through the description of the Chinese diasporas in Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, Oceania, Latin America, and Europe, the authors also aim to expand existing migration theories based on developed countries by incorporating the experiences of immigrants in developing countries. The book was created from an international symposium on contemporary Chinese diasporas. The editor of the book, Dr. Min Zhou is a professor of sociology and Asian American Studies and the director of Asia Pacific Center at the University of California. Interdisciplinary scholars from sociology, political science, history, anthropology, and ethnic studies around the world wrote different chapters of the book, which were organized by the immigration destinations (e.g., Africa, Asia). The authors demonstrated that the Chinese diasporas in various immigration destinations varied in size, regions of origin, settlement pattern, and ethnic cohesion (Zhou, 2017). The authors also explained these variations based on the social and policy contexts of both the host and home countries. The following sections present the major messages of the book.


A substituted porphyrin bearing a crown ether unit, H2(M18C6P), was synthesized from the reaction between (5-mono(o-aminophenyl)10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin) and the acyl derivative of the ether (4-carboxy-18-crown-6). The corresponding iron porphyrin, Fe(M18C6P)Cl, was obtained through iron insertion into H2(M18C6P). The new free-base porphyrin was analyzed by C, N, and H elemental analysis, UV-vis and IR spectroscopies, electrospray mass spectrometry (MS) and 1H NMR. It selectively extracts 18% of the K+ ions present in aqueous medium to the organic phase (chloroform). UV-vis spectroscopy studies showed that H2(M18C6P) is also capable of forming aggregates with K+, probably the 1:1 complex, in methanol. This happens because the ionic radius of the potassium ion is appropriate for its accommodation inside the cavity of the crown ether, and also because of the associative effect between the porphyrin and the crown ether unit. The iron porphyrin Fe(M18C6P)Cl was used as catalyst for the epoxidation of cyclooctene by iodosylbenzene or sodium hypochlorite, in methanol or biphasic water/dichloroethane system, respectively. The results obtained with sodium hypochlorite show that Fe(M18C6P)Cl is a potential catalyst for selective oxidations, because the crown ether unit can select or orient substrates. This iron porphyrin can also be employed as a catalyst in a biphasic water/organic solvent system, with no need of a phase transfer agent.


Tort liability for transportation agencies has become a growing issue across the country over the last 3 decades and consumes an increasing portion of agencies' already tight budgets. There is a need for a tort liability risk prioritization strategy that will allow for agencies to address the factors that lead to tort actions in an efficient and effective approach reducing the resources consumed and improving unsafe conditions. This paper develops a risk prioritization strategy based on fault tree analysis that utilizes data from a state Department of Transportation, to demonstrate an application as a case study. The case study shows that the risk prioritization strategy can provide both qualitative and quantitative results which 1) identify risks qualitatively, 2) evaluate risks quantitatively, and 3) identify and prioritize countermeasures. In addition, this paper demonstrates a method to quantitatively validate the fault tree which utilizes basic event probabilities calculated from state agency collected data. The probabilities of the fault tree cut sets are mapped to the specific claim types which allow for the occurrence of actual claims to be compared to the calculated probabilities. The validation did support the assumption that the percentage of claims increases with increasing cut set probabilities.


The aim of the study is to research the effect of group counseling integrated with play therapy on reducing the levels of social anxiety of primary school students. The study used an experimental "pretest-posttest" models. The research team of the study consists of fourth-grade pupil of elementary school located in the Selcuklu District of Konya Province of 2017-2018 academic year. At the beginning of the study, 8 pupils were applied to pupils with the highest level of social anxiety and were identified as an experimental group while another 8 were determined as the control group. All of them were pupils attending fourth grade CSAO-Y (Demir vd., 2000). In the study, eight groups of counseling sessions were applied to the experimental group. When the sessions were over, (CSAO-Y) the experimental and control groups were tested again. The difference between the scores before and after testing in the experimental and control groups, as well as the difference between the tests that passed the preliminary and subsequent tests, for students participating in the experimental group, were checked by Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The difference between the scores before and after the experimental and control groups was tested by Mann-Whitney U-test. As a result of the analysis, no significant differences were found between the scores before and after testing the control group and the scores in the experimental groups. A significant difference was found between the scores obtained after testing in the experimental group and the scores after testing in the experimental and control groups. A significant difference was found between the preliminary tests in the experimental group and subsequent tests.


Abstract Background: As SARS-CoV-2 infection is sweeping the globe, early identification and timely management of infected patients will alleviate unmet health care demands and ultimately control of the disease. Remote COVID-19 self-assessment tools will offer a potential strategy for patient guidance on medical consultation versus home care without requiring direct attention from healthcare professionals. Objective(s): This study aimed to assess the validity and interrater reliability of the initial and modified versions of a COVID-19 self-assessment prediction tool introduced by the Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP) early in the epidemic. The scoring tool was released for the public through media outlets for remote self-assessment of SARS-CoV-2 infection connecting patients with the appropriate level of care. Methods: We evaluated the initial score in the analysis of 818 consecutive cases presenting with symptoms suggesting COVID-19 in a single-primary health care clinic in Alexandria during the epidemic in Egypt (mid-February through July). Validity parameters, interrater agreement and accuracy of the score as a triage tool were calculated versus the COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Results: A total of 818 patients reporting symptoms potentially attributable to COVID-19 were enrolled. The initial tool correctly identified 296 of 390 COVID-19 PCR +ve cases (sensitivity = 75.9%, specificity = 42.3%, positive predictive value = 54.5%, negative predictive value = 65.8%). The modified versions of the MoHP triage score yielded comparable results albeit with a better accuracy during the late epidemic phase. Recent history of travel [OR (95% CI) = 12.1 (5.0–29.4)] and being a health care worker [OR (95% CI) = 5.8 (2.8–11.9)] were major predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in early and late epidemic phases, respectively. On the other hand, direct contact with a respiratory infection case increased the risk of infection by three folds throughout the epidemic period. Conclusion: The tested score has a sufficient predictive value and potential as a triage tool in primary health care settings. Updated implementation of this home-grown tool will improve COVID-19 response at the primary health care level.


32 male and 38 female (mean age 28.2 yr.) subjects were shown a video-taped counseling session in which they saw a woman who exhibited signs of depression, anxiety, and indecision resulting from an unplanned and unwanted pregnancy. Subjects rated the woman on 15 biopolar adjective pairs as to how they saw her now and for the future. Generally a married woman was seen more negatively than a single woman. More positive characteristics were attributed to the woman in the future, and female subjects tended to increase the positiveness of their ratings for the future more than did males. Abortion vs birth had no significant effect. Item analyses indicated that several adjective-pairs discriminated among the various conditions (marital status, sex, and problem solution). Multiple discriminant function analysis detected a group of seven adjectives which could be combined to classify correctly 58% of the subjects into groups.


In this work the dynamic instability of imperfect simply supported viscoelastic circular cylindrical shells subjected to internal flowing fluid and lateral harmonic loads is studied. Donnell's non-linear shallow shell theory is used to model the shell, assumed to be made of a Kelvin-Voigt material type and the linear potential theory is used to describe the effect of the internal axially flowing fluid. The fluid is assumed to be incompressible and non-viscous and the flow to be isentropic and irrotational.
A modal solution with eight degrees of freedom which takes into account the essential modal couplings and interactions is used to describe the lateral displacements of the shell. The Galerkin method is applied to derive a set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations of motion that are, in turn, solved by the Runge-Kutta method. Continuation techniques are used to study the influence of shell geometry, flow velocity and dissipation parameter and special attention is given to resonance curves and bifurcation diagrams. Obtained results show that geometric initial imperfections together with the viscoelastic dissipation parameter and internal fluid have significant influence on the dynamic instability of the cylindrical shells.


Objective To compare the curative effect about using alone mechanical entilation and combined application of mechanical entilation and lung surface active substances to treat neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS).Methods Ninety cases of NRDS patients were randomly divided into trial group and control group.The patients of the control group did mechanical ventilation treatment;the patients of the observation group did PS treatment on the base of mechanical ventilation treatmention.Results The cure rate of the control group was 62.2% and the observation group was 93.3%;after the treatment,the various indexes of the observation group was much better than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion To treat neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,the combination treatment of mechanical entilation and lung surface active material have complementary advantages effect,can quickly and effectively improve respiratory symptoms and cure rate,is worthy to be popularized.


A literature study on Mongolian drug Sugemule-7 is made. The traditional application, source of prescription, prescription explanation, chemical compositions, pharmacological effect, quality control, clinical research and other aspects of this Mongolian drug are elaborated, and the exiting problems in practical application and the study thinking of the next step are put forward.


th Floor, Oakland, CA, 94607 ABSTRACT: Pile foundations are to be used for a development project at the margins of the San Francisco Bay above approximately 30 feet of debris fill and municipal solid waste, 200 feet of soft clay, and stiffer underlying alluvium. The first building planned for construction would require piles on the order of 230 feet long, tipping out in the alluvial clays and sands. In order to optimize the axial capacity of these piles and provide insight into future development at the site, the authors designed and oversaw a pile load testing program. The test program consisted of 16 piles, twelve driven to final depth during initial driving, and four left at shallower depths to allow for better evaluation of shallow pile capacities. A pile driving analyzer was used to evaluate driving conditions and to provide input for Case Pile Wave Analysis Program (CAPWAP) capacity analysis under initial driving conditions and restrike conditions approximately 3 weeks later. The testing program allowed for optimization of pile capacity with pile section and provided verification of the general soil stratigraphy across the proposed building footprint.


Import is a very important activity for a country, from these activities the state obtains income or meets the needs of society. The impact of the pandemic affects companies engaged in the import of goods, by enforcing WFH (Work From Home) employees, or doing work in the office with strict health protocols, the company requires employees to do a rapid antigen test every 1 or 2 weeks. The purpose of this study is to describe the services of importing goods during the pandemic. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive method.The data collection method is divided into 3 parts, namely: direct observation method in the field, interview method, document method. From the results of the study, it was concluded that the service of importing goods during the pandemic implements an online system service. Slow networks are obstacles that cause all service processes to customers to be slow, so they require a good network for the smooth process of activities. Due to the pandemic there is a special demand for importers, which requires all truck drivers/crew entering the warehouse to be tested, this results in additional time and costs incurred.


Urban adolescents experience high rates of exposure to community violence, which is associated with sleep problems. However, less is known about the prospective relationships between community violence exposure and sleep problems across adolescence. This study investigated reciprocal relationships between community violence exposure and sleep problems across early, middle, and late adolescence. Participants included 84 urban adolescents (50% females, 95% African Americans) who reported on their community violence exposure and sleep problems at mean ages 13, 16, and 17. Results from an autoregressive latent trajectory model with structured residuals showed that exposure to community violence at age 13 predicted more sleep problems at age 16, but violence exposure at age 16 did not predict sleep problems at age 17. Sleep problems did not predict community violence exposure over time. These results point to early adolescence as a vulnerable period for the development of sleep problems in youth exposed to community violence.


Magnetic properties of spin glass materials [9,13] are close to quantum interpretation in their nature description [17]. Therefore, we can look for possible kinds of analogies in process of defining theoretic and practice conventions, rules and applications of the specific characteristics in elaboration quantum calculation strategies. We have not investigated possibilities to create directly quantum calculation units and practice calculation structures like qubits, registers, gates etc. [4,18], but dealing with spin and quantum definitions and descriptions we can try to involve these notices from different domains. Such a pragmatic approach only intuitively gives chances to create the transition theory and implement it even partially. Obviously, almost all of us have heard about quantum factorization, cryptography or teleportation but it is obtained as a result of exploration casually selected quantum properties and adapting them to mathematic problems. In our approach, we carefully investigate involutions among spin and quantum nature looking at possible implementation in molecular network.


Is a conventional air-conditioning machine is being used in a room that is improved by incorporating a variety of consumer electronics equipment is being used in a room, such as air-conditioning air purification system and heating ventilation air purification method purification method Indoor air purifier humidifier functions in a single machine. Purification of polluted air to the outdoor and indoor natural air supply function and reduce the use of various energy machine by diluting the indoor and outdoor air reduce the contamination levels and pull a fresh air without opening the window for ventilation to the room that is the natural the invention relates to the air circulation system. The principle of the water purification method is by the above-mentioned source by removing the method is contained in the dust of air pollutants indoor contaminants in air using the water absorbing water is used as a filter connected to the water the water to float in the air, in a manner as to precipitate. To a clean purified water additive fungicide or fragrance phytoncide essential oil solution, such as by dilution in water storage tank it is characterized in the article to purify the pollutants in the atmosphere. Indoor air and outdoor air is coming through (1) an exhaust port of the monovalent that passes through the washing chamber to the arcuate wash the method that is the air to the air cleaning filter the fine dust pollutants in the incoming direction and facing each other or a straight direction injection as a means Paesu wash the air is automatic water supply and drainage and the cleaning air and water is characterized because the antibiotic to pass through the charcoal filter ocher filter active acid filter cypress filter, filter for purifying the indoor dehumidification ball in a natural filter. Air purification method, such as conventional HVAC air cleaner with the room air cleaner is off in such a manner as to bypass the outdoor air in a way that purify repeated only in a body interior blocking of the external air circulation of air and purging only turbid room air indoors and outdoors of possible without opening to the air filter and the indoor ventilation window and to enhance the improvement of the conventional purification method and indoor air quality in the above-described features it is an object. Air Purifier, teokteu ventilation conditioner, air cleaner, humidifying, air-purifying plant, natural sterilizing washing, various natural filter (charcoal, yellow earth, activated carbon, antibacterial, phytoncide)


Dialogue system research is a very active topic nowadays. However, deployed systems are usually very specifically focused and are not able to hold a complex conversation. One of the reasons is that there aren't a lot of methods that would allow us to extend a trained system in a simple way. Moreover, training a system usually requires a large amount of well-annotated training data. Data annotation is especially problematic for dialogue systems due to its relatively high abstraction and complexity. Therefore, we propose to invent new learning methods for dialogue systems which would lead to quality improvement and widen dialogue systems use cases. We plan to use unsupervised methods that bring us the possibility of usingmuch larger unannotated corpora and hence more effective training of statistical models. We further focus on exploiting weekly annotated data using methods such as transfer learning or meta-learning (learning from similar tasks). These techniques would enable usage of partially annotated data for dialogue system training. These methods are still severely underexplored in the area of dialogue systems.


Siak River is one of four big rivers in Riau Province suffered from anthropogenic substances deriving from various human aciivities. The substances not only degrade the water quality but also influence aquatic organisms such as fish.


This study aims to Determine the effect of deferred tax assets, deferred tax expense, tax planning and managerial ownership of earnings management. The independent variables in this study are deferred tax assets, deferred tax expense, tax planning and managerial ownership. The dependent variable in this study is earnings management. The Data used in this study comes from the financial statements of LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2017. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling method, so the number of samples Obtained is 60 companies. The used method of data analysis is hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression. The results Showed that the burden of deferred tax and tax planning had a significant effect on earnings management. Meanwhile, deferred tax assets and managerial ownership have no effect on earnings management. Keywords: deferred tax assets, deferred tax expense, tax planning, managerial ownership, and earnings management.


This essay re-examines the global beauty culture and ideals as established by the West and continually re-imagined worldwide through three primary lenses of race, gender, and political economy. Based on this understanding, it then delves into how the beauty culture in Vietnam has been shaped and transformed since the country conducted economic reforms in 1986 and has become more integrated into the global economy today.


We present thermodynamic measurements of various physical observables of the two dimensional S=1/2 isotropic quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a square lattice, obtained by quantum Monte Carlo. In particular we have been able to measure the infinite volume limit of the uniform susceptibility up to the inverse temperature β = 40, the analysis of which reveals the correct asymptotic behavior in excellent agreement with the prediction of chiral perturbation theory. The issue of the existence of a crossover from quantum critical to renormalized classical regime is clarified.


A steady two-dimensional binary mixture flow of visco-elastic fluid past a flat stretching porous surface has been studied in presence of transverse magnetic field and external heat source. The constitutive equation of the binary fluid mixture is characterized by Walters liquid (model B') for short relaxation memories. A magnetic field of uniform strength B0 has been applied along the transverse direction to the surface to stabilize the system. Heat is generated within the system by energy dissipation due to viscosity. Governing equations of motion are transformed into ordinary differential equation using similarity transformation. Equations are solved numerically using MATLAB bvp4c solver method. Results are discussed numerically for various values of flow parameters involved in the solution.


We provide a complete characterization of substitution invariant inhomogeneous bidirectional pointed Sturmian sequences. The result is analogous to that obtained by


Formation of the synaptic basal lamina at vertebrate neuromuscular junction involves the accumulation of numerous specialized extracellular matrix molecules including a specific form of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the collagenic-tailed form. The mechanisms responsible for its localization at sites of nerve– muscle contact are not well understood. To understand synaptic AChE localization, we synthesized a fluorescent conjugate of fasciculin 2, a snake α-neurotoxin that tightly binds to the catalytic subunit. Prelabeling AChE on the surface of Xenopus muscle cells revealed that preexisting AChE molecules could be recruited to form clusters that colocalize with acetylcholine receptors at sites of nerve–muscle contact. Likewise, purified avian AChE with collagen-like tail, when transplanted to Xenopus muscle cells before the addition of nerves, also accumulated at sites of nerve–muscle contact. Using exogenous avian AChE as a marker, we show that the collagenic-tailed form of the enzyme binds to the heparan-sulfate proteoglycan perlecan, which in turn binds to the dystroglycan complex through α-dystroglycan. Therefore, the dystroglycan–perlecan complex serves as a cell surface acceptor for AChE, enabling it to be clustered at the synapse by lateral migration within the plane of the membrane. A similar mechanism may underlie the initial formation of all specialized basal lamina interposed between other cell types.


Software Defined Networks (SDN) determine a new paradigm for the development of a computer network. Up to now, SDN has gained attention from both the academic and industry communities. So far, it has been focused on the OpenFlow standard, a network protocol that made this approach possible. However, SDNs extend beyond OpenFlow, opening new perspectives in terms of abstractions, environment controls, and network applications. Thus, this work proposes an SDN-based mechanism for network management in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) using the OpenDayLight platform with a customized OpenFlow. For IoT, data collection and analysis is the point where the SDN provides the flexibility to include multiple scenarios. It is also discussed how OpenFlow and other proposals available in the literature contribute to the flexibilization of IoT networks. Experimental results showed the benefits that can be achieved with this architecture, including, energy savings, lower costs, and better traffic control. However, it is concluded that the OpenFlow protocol is not feasible for an IoT scenario due to the obtained high error message percentage while performing the management of an SDN network.


To improve efficiency, we allow a carrier in a TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) network to be shared by adjacent cells. This sharing of time slots is seriously hampered by the lack of synchronization in distinct cells. We study packing algorithms that overcome this obstacle by clustering calls. The results suggest that even simple greedy algorithms are nearly optimal, and that little extra performance can be gained either by allowing the rejection of calls or by repacking.


The social appearance has been changed a lot in Yulin since the great development of the mineral resources.Meanwhile,there are some problems as the waste of the resources,environment pollution.The main reason for it is the lack of the related law.Changing the ownership of the mineral resources,changing the profit distribution system and establishing and perfecting the management and supervision system are the basis to solve the problems.


This study determined the effect of X-irradiation on physiological and biochemical aspects in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seedlings. Using a medical X-ray device, 15-days-old seedlings were exposed to various X-rays doses (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1250 & 1500 rad). After growing the irradiated seedlings in soil for 2 months, chemical analysis was conducted. The data indicated that DNA content was dose dependent showing a significant increase with 5 rad, the lowest radiation dose tested and reaching the highest level at 25 rad. Similarly, the highest ions content was observed at 25 rad. A dose of 5 rad caused a significant increased sodium, potassium and phosphorus ions but a minimum dose of 10 rad was necessary to significantly enhance the content of calcium and magnesium ions. Conversely, total photosynthetic pigments started to diminish at 5 rad and continued to decrease with dose increases reaching the lowest level at 1500 rad. Significant reductions of chlorophyll a and carotenoids content started at 5 rad, whereas reduction of chlorophyll b occurred at 10 rad. This suggests that chlorophyll a and carotenoids are more sensitive to X-irradiation than chlorophyll b. © 2012 Friends Science Publishers


A series of novel thiazolium-bis(triflamide) based ionic liquids has been synthesized and characterized. Physicochemical properties of the ionic liquids such as thermal stability, phase transitions, and infrared spectra were analyzed and compared to the imidazolium-based congeners. Several unique classes of ancillary substitutions are examined with respect to impacts on overall structure, in addition to their carbon dioxide absorption properties in supported ionic-liquid membranes for gas separation.


A kind of new load path of internal pressure in tube hydroforming-pulsating load path was introduced.Tube pulsating hydroforming process was simulated by establishing finite element model.The influence of pulsating hydroforming on metal flow,thickness distribution and local thinning were analyzed by comparing the simulation results under different load paths.The results show that pulsating load path can achieve more benefits for preventing excessive local thinning,and for filling at the radius corner;the main reason for uniform deformation under pulsating load path is that the friction force reduction makes it easy for metal flow.


Photoconductive switching was investigated using polycrystalline ZnSe illuminated by a Coumarine 480 dye laser pumped by an excimer laser. An intracavity grating was used to tune the dye laser wavelength to maximize the output voltage. High mobility (>900 cm/sup 2//V-s), a carrier lifetime under 1 ns, and operation at DC bias fields of 45 kV/cm were observed. >


Many years of endoscopic investigation and observation proved that most infections of the paranasal sinus are rhinogenic, spreading from the nose into the sinuses. The common focus of infection in cases of recurring sinusitis is the stenotic areas of the anterior ethmoid, with infection recurring in the larger sinuses. The anterior ethmoid, especially its infundibulum, is thus a key location for infection or cure, and maxillary as well as frontal sinuses are fully dependent on the pathophysiologic conditions there. Histologic examination demonstrates that massive changes of the nasal glands are the reason for permanent mucosal thickening. Retention cysts, highly viscous mucus, mucus extravasations, and metaplastic epithelial changes add to the vicious cycle of blockage of the ostium-meatus unit.


Retracted: Pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome The Editor of the electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (eJIFCC) has retracted the article "Pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome" by Aganović and Dušek, which was published in eJIFCC. 2007 Feb 26;18(1):3-6 [1]. Upon notice from a reader, based on similarity index analysis, it was found that more than half the text is a copy of a previously published paper by Eckel et al [2].


Objective To explore the effects of maternal allergy symptoms on the cytokine level of umbilical cord blood of neonates.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among 136 pregnant women in Yiwu city from 1st July to 30th December,in 2012.A questionnaire on social economic charactertistics was used and blood sam-ple of pregnant women and umbilical cord blood sample were collected to detect the level of IgE,eosinophile granulo-cyte,Eotaxin,IL-9,IL-6,IL-4,IL-5,IFN-γ,IL-10.The differences between pregnant women with and without allergy symptoms were carried out.Results There were no significant differences in social and demographic characteristics between the two groups(all P〉0.05).Pregnant women with allergy symptoms had higher IgE level(0.13 IU/mL vs 0.10 IU/Ml,Z=-2.063,P=0.039),eosinophile granulocyte(0.39 ×109/mL vs 0.29 ×109/mL,Z=-2.548, P=0.011),Eotaxin(66.18ng/L vs 48.35ng/L,Z=-2.144,P=0.032),IFN-γ(927.81ng/L vs 338.65ng/L,Z=-2.051,P=0.040),IL-10(15.59ng/L vs 11.55ng/L,Z=-2.022,P=0.043) than pregnant women without allergy symptoms in neonates′cord blood.Conclusion Maternal allergy symptoms may increase the level of IgE, eosinophile granulocyte,Eotaxin,IFN-γand IL-10 of neonates′cord blood.

Key words:
Anaphylaxis Fetal Blood Immunoglobulin E Cytokines


I t is well recognized that lumbar epidural analgesia using local anesthetic with or without an adjuvant is a consistently effective method of pain relief during labor. However, newer adjuvants, such as clonidine and neostigmine, are associated with adverse side effects and may be less suitable in pregnant women. A potential alternative is dexamethasone, a wellknown anti-inflammatory drug. As there are limited studies regarding its intrapartum use, the authors of the present study evaluated the role of intravenous dexamethasone as an adjuvant to neuraxial analgesia for labor pain in a double-blind, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. A total of 80 parturients were randomized into 2 equal groups: a Dexa group (8mg of dexamethasone in 50mL normal saline given intravenously over 15min) and a Placebo group (50mL normal saline only). Standard hospital protocol was followed for epidural insertion and all patients received a continuous background infusion of 5mL/h of 0.1% levobupivacaine with 2 μg/mL fentanyl. If after 10 minutes, the patient still complained of pain, she was given another 5mL bolus of this solution. Patients then received patient-controlled epidural analgesia using a 5mL bolus of the same solution as needed with a lockout interval of 12 minutes. Patients were monitored for heart rate, noninvasive blood pressure, sensory and motor block, and pain score (visual analog scale) every 1 hour until delivery. Maternal and neonatal outcomes, maternal satisfaction, and adverse events were assessed and recorded. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. The study results found that average epidural drug consumption was significantly lower in the Dexa group compared with the Placebo group (10.34±1.79 vs. 11.34±1.83mL/ h, mean difference, 1.007; 95% confidence interval, 0.199-1.815; P=0.015). However, the median number of bolus doses did not differ significantly between groups [Dexa group, 4 (interquartile range, 3 to 5.75) vs. Placebo, 5 (3 to 6); P=0.162). In terms of secondary outcomes, the mean onset time of analgesia, sensory and motor block characteristics, baseline pain scores, change in pain scores, frequency of delivery types, neonatal outcomes, and maternal satisfaction were not significantly different between groups. These findings demonstrated that the use of 8mg of intravenous dexamethasone was safe, efficacious, and significantly decreased the hourly average drug consumption of a levobupivacaine/fentanyl epidural solution in laboring parturients. A limitation of this study was its small sample size.


In recent years, the study of the European Union's (EU) foreign policy and relations with its Eastern neighbours has been criticised for the dominance of EU-centric perspectives and theories, notab...


The Strategic Plan for Rural Rejuvenation (2018-2022) issued by the State Council of the Communist Party of China has refined the general idea of enforcing the rule of virtue as well as the rule of law into adhering to the unification of the rule of law and the rule of virtue on the basis of autonomy, making rural governance more operable in the new era. Under the new situation, to strengthen and improve rural governance and to consolidate the grass-roots foundation for rural rejuvenation, we should adhere to "taking morality first" and give play to the "leading," "prior," and "transcendental" roles of morality.


Phospholipase C (PLC, EC 126.96.36.199) enzymes specifically hydrolyze the C-O-P-bond in phospholipids, yielding sn-1,2(2,3)-diglycerides and a phosphate residue bearing the corresponding head group. Biochemical characterization of PLC requires methods for determination of activity. During characterization and purification, proteins are separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). For direct identification and visualization of PLC, a new assay for activity staining in native and renatured SDS-PAGE is described. Incubation of a gel containing an active PLC in the presence of α-naphthylphosphorylcholine leads to α-naphthol formation. This reacts with the diazonium salt Fast Red, forming a red dye which allows clear determination of PLC purity, molecular weight and substrate specificity. The assay was verified using commercially available PC-PLC and new PC-PLC-producing Bacillus cereus strains. The substrate α-NPC was prepared by chemical synthesis at an overall yield of 12%.


The adenine-sensing riboswitch from the gram-negative bacterium V. vulnificus is an RNA-based gene regulatory element that acts both in response to its cognate low molecular weight ligand and to temperature. The combined sensitivity to environ-mental temperature and ligand concentration is maintained by an equilibrium of three distinct con-formations involving two ligand-free and one lig-and-bound state. The key structural element that undergoes refolding in the ligand-free states com-prises a 35-nucleotide long temperature response module. Here, we present the structural characteri-zation of this temperature response module. We employ high-resolution NMR spectroscopy and photo-caged RNAs as molecular probes to decipher the kinetic and thermodynamic framework of the secondary structure transition in the apo-state of the riboswitch. We propose a model for the transition state adopted during the thermal refolding of the temperature response module that connects two mutually exclusive long lived and stable conforma-tional states. This transition state is characterized by a comparatively low free activation enthalpy. A pseudoknot conformation in the transition state, as commonly seen in RNA refolding, is therefore un-likely. More likely, the transition state of the ade-nine-sensing riboswitch temperature response mod-ule features a linear conformation.


The origins and focuses of adult education across Western countries are often about meeting adults' needs, and for purposes they have nominated, not those compelled by others. Unlike other sectors (e.g.schools, vocational colleges and universities) that were mainly initiated and sustained by church or state, adult education has long been grounded in communities and provided through hybrid institutions. Across Western countries, the term 'movement,' is often associated with adult education's origins, and it is sometimes regarded as a 'fourth sector' of education, apart from schools, vocational education and training and university studies. In recent times, the concept has expanded and diversified, however, making it more amorphous and less distinctive as an educational 'sector'. Nevertheless, one of the continuing features of 'adult education' has been its concern for adults' learning needs and preferences. This paper proposes that the formation and continuity of adult education have been based particularly on three key premises: i) meeting adults' specific but heterogeneous learning needs; ii) educational purposes and purposes being understood in the local context; and iii) the enactment of adult education being shaped by local considerations. Furthermore, the values underpinning 'traditional' adult education have not only been sustained in what is now more commonly known as Adult and Community Education (ACE) but have expanded into other educational contexts. Informed by considerations of selected research projects the authors have been involved with in recent years, this paper identifies how the three premises have emerged as features of other educational provisions for adults.


The great interest that the problem of optimal screen brightness holds in motion picture engineering is proved by the numerous researches on the subject in recent years. Besides the very interesting American papers published in this Journal, some recent German works are worthy of consideration. — In 1936 Zimmermann determined the dependence of the visual effect upon the screen brightness and found that a maximum value is attained at about 14 foot-lamberts. He investigated also the influence of light distribution, and temporary brightness changes. Finally he pointed out that the time the eye needs to see all recognizable contrasts varies, according to the brightness level, between 1/3 and 1/10 second. — In 1936 Rieck verified, under conditions similar to those in cinema theaters, the character of the contrast-sensibility relation that Brodhun and Konig had found in their classical research. — Very recently H. Frieser and W. Munch reported results obtained by projecting a detail test-object. They determined the contrast threshold function under conditions very similar to those of actual projection. They did not find a material increase in the number of distinguishable contrast steps for picture brightnesses exceeding 10 foot-lamberts. — It is to be hoped that the consideration of the results of (111 these investigations will form a basis for early temporary screen brightness standardization.


The incident electromagnetic field can be divided into two parts which are TM and TE waves relating to the radial direction. After introducing the Debye .POtentials, the general expressions of these two kinds of polarized fields in each layer of a multilayered sphere can be obtained by solving the equations of Debye POtentials. The recurrence relahonships of surface impedance (for TM wave) and conductance (for TE wave) have been derived by means of boundary conditions. Based on the surface impedance and conductance, the scattering fields of a sphere to TM and TE waves can be determined exactly. Finally, the scattering resPOnses of a multilayered sphere to plane wave, the fields from a radial diPOle and a transverse one have been discussed in detail.


This research was carried out to determine the physical and physiological characteristics of the seeds of the forage pea (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense L.) genotypes, and to compare the genotypes in terms of these characteristics in the laboratories of the Faculty of Agriculture of Bingöl University in 2019-2020. As a material, seeds belonging to Creakerjack, Kristal, Özkaynak, Servet, Taşkent, and TTAE-YB2010 genotypes of forage peas were used. Length, width, surface area, average arithmetic diameter, and thousand-grain weight from physical properties of these seeds, germination rate, germination time, and average shoot length from physiological properties were taken into consideration. In the study, it was determined that forage pea seeds had an average length of 6.730 mm, a width of 6.118 mm, a surface area of 34.117 mm2, an arithmetic diameter of 6.424 mm, and a thousand-grain weight of 191.96 g. It was determined that forage pea seeds germinated in an average of 1,335 days, the average germination rate was 99.5% and the average shoot length was 4.775 cm. As a result of the research, it was determined that the Kristal variety gave good results in terms of physical properties and the Özkaynak variety in terms of physiological properties.


The number of biomedical literatures is increasing at a considerable rate, and the information is growing continuously and fast as well. Accordingly, information retrieval is more and more important to support biomedical researches. However, it often retrieves too many literatures or too few literatures for the target gene/proteins or relations. And extremely various synonyms of the gene and protein names make information retrieval more difficult to support biomedical researches. To overcome these difficulties, we propose a unified biomedical workbench with mining and probing literatures. The proposed workbench is composed of searching/collecting, literature mining, relation probing, and statistics analysis. It provides searching and collecting literatures of Pubmed articles and USPTO patents. And, to extract biomedical relations, the collected literatures are mined using text mining techniques such as named entity recognition, gene/protein name normalization, and relation extraction. Users can probe their target relations using these extracted relation information, shown in form of relation network. Finally, the workbench provides statistics information of literature meta data such as authors, organizations, publication years and so on. That is, the proposed workbench provides unified literature-based functions from searching to probing, and including text mining and statistics analysis.


With the growth of economy and society, consumers of electricity are demanding supply of more reliable electricity that needs a superior performance of power system. Distributed Generation (DG) sources have obtained a lot of consideration in modern times because of their positive impact on the reliability of distribution system. System and load point reliability indices are found to be improved if DG is employed in distribution network. This article makes an effort to review different methodologies and techniques employed for the evaluation of reliability of distribution system when integrated with distribution generation (DG). Various techniques employed by different authors are analyzed, which are divided mainly into three categories: analytical techniques, Monte Carlo simulation and other probabilistic techniques. It is found that most of the studies in reliability of distribution systems with DG in the literature are formulated for specific study systems.


In this essay, I present a framework for assessing conflict resolution programs and indicate how practitioners or educators can do research which will enable them to productively reflect on their practice. There are many kinds ofresearch, all ofwhich have merit. They have different purposes and often require varying types of skills. There is a tendency among both researchers and practitioners to derogate research that does not satisfy their specific needs or does not require their particular expertise. This is a profound mistake since both professional researchers and practitioners have much to contribute to the development ofknowledge about conflict resolution programs.


A fluctuation model of cascading overload in power networks is developed in this paper. The aim of developing this model is to provide a new angle of view for the cascading overload phenomenon and find some regularities. An example in IEEE14 system is also provided for this aim. In this example, the fluctuation indexes are calculated on the basis of analysis for cascading overload. The results of study show that under the condition of random failures, the fluctuation index increases along with the flow level of the power network. This regularity is valuable for further study on the cascading overload phenomenon or the cascading failure phenomenon in the power network.


This series of 16 articles (8 original articles and 8 reviews) was written by internationally recognized scientists attending the 44th Congress of the European Radiation Research Society (Pécs, Hungary) [...].


John Searle's "The Construction of Social Reality" and Hernando de Soto's "The Mystery of Capital" shifted the focus of current thought on capital and economic development to the cultural and conceptual ideas that underpin market economies and that are taken for granted in developed nations. This collection of essays assembles 21 philosophers, economists, and political scientists to help readers understand these exciting new theories.


IntroductionIn previous works I have argued extensively that the notion of an African phi- losophy of education in the form of Ubuntu (human interdependence and humaneness) is capable of counteracting inhumane acts, such as genocide, torture, murder and the abuse of human beings (Waghid & Smeyers 2012; Waghid 2014). I have argued that Ubuntu is a moral concept that can contribute towards the eradication of human rights violations, which have become so endemic in many parts of African society - whether perpetrated by military rulers in oppressive Egypt after the Arab Spring (people's revolt against unjust state rule in several northern African countries), or the ongoing rape of thousands of women and the maiming of innocent children in the Democratic Republic of Congo by Hutu militia. These acts of human rights violations have not abated, and the very idea of Ubuntu has been questioned by several critics of the concept as being incapable of disrupting gross inhumanity since more and more people are suffering the fate of genocide, torture and abuse. It is with such an understanding of unabated human rights violations in mind that I offer a reconsidered view of Ubuntu - one that can deal more positively with the inhumanity that seems to be increasing on the African continent.Human Rights Violations on the African ContinentHuman rights violations, in the form of mass slaughter on religious grounds in the Central African Republic, ethnic targeting and civil war in South Sudan, massive loss of life (genocide) and atrocities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and political repression in Egypt by the militarydominated authorities, are poignant examples that all is not well on the African continent. Drawing on the 2014 Human Rights Watch World Report: Africa, the following gross human rights violations are reported in several countries: arbitrary detentions of political dissenters (Angola), ill-treatment and arbitrary arrests of religious worshippers (Burundi), raping of women and girls and destruction of villages by oppositional Seleka forces (Central African Republic), sexual violence against children (Cote d'Ivoire), war crimes against civilians by rebel forces (Democratic Republic of Congo), torture, prolonged detentions and unfair trials against political opposition (Equatorial Guinea), indefinite conscription and forced labour (Eritrea), massacre of civilians (Guinea), extra-judicial killings (Kenya), recruitment of children and child labour (Mali), Boko Haram violence against civilians with the intent to enforce a harsh form of Shari'ah law (Nigeria), genocide (Rwanda), al-Shabaab suicide bombings (Somalia), xenophobic attacks (South Africa), anti-insurgency abuses and ethnic conflict (South Sudan), illegal arrests and detentions (Uganda), and intimidation by security forces (Zimbabwe) (Human Rights World Report: Africa 2014:73-198).All the mentioned atrocities against humanity persist, despite African communities' apparent awareness that Ubuntu should be actualised in their lived experiences, particularly in relations between individuals and others. Ubuntu (human interdependence and humaneness) has been constitutive of African communal practices (and nowadays popularised through the media) for a very long time, to the extent that the practice has been linked to forms of communitarianism that should be actualised, such as having respect for elders, treating the destitute and helpless with care, and cultivating sharing and trust amongst Africa's peoples (Waghid 2014:58-62). One cannot deny the need for Ubuntu to manifest itself in the practices of people, considering the escalating levels of human indignity that have become endemic in certain parts of African society. There are those critics of Ubuntu who use the inhumanity that prevails in certain parts of the continent as reason to take issue with the practice, and even to question whether Africa has the moral commitment to remedy its own continuing societal demise (Horsthemke, 2004). …


Abstract : A large-scale research program, supported by the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery and the Office of Naval Research, has been initiated to investigate the relative importance of individual characteristics, environmental factors, and organizational stresses in illness incidence, job satisfaction, and organizational effectiveness in naval and civilian settings. A social systems model has been developed to order the large number of variables involved, and multivariate analysis techniques will be used to evaluate individual and situational variables and their interactions. Preliminary analysis of pilot study data has provided perceived habitability dimensions and organizational climate dimensions which differentiate among three types of ships. The major study now in progress provides a comprehensive set of descriptors of naval organizations and related these variables to health, job satisfaction, and individual and group effectiveness. (Author)


Reduced genetic similarity in Bidens pilosa, due to a significant outcross rate favors natural selection of genotypes resistants to herbicides used for control. The objective of present work was to determine the genetic similarity between resistant and susceptible biotypes to herbicides inhibitors of the ALS enzyme. Seeds were collected in Parana and Rio Grande do Sul States and sowed in the greenhouse at Federal University in Rio Grande do Sul, during 2004. Through the technique of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), it was possible to evaluate genetic differences among Bidens biotypes. All primers amplified and showed good band reproducibility. The average coefficient of genetic similarity was 43%. The low genetic similarity observed among ALS-resistant and susceptible accesses suggests that the occurrence of resistant genotypes is due to natural selection, acting on a wide spectrum of different genotypes: reduced genetic similarity linked to


The rate constants for the hydrolysis of N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)benzhydrazonyl bromide and its derivatives were determined by ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry at 20 and a rate equation which could be applied over a wide pH range was obtained. On the basis of rate equations derived and judging from the solvent effect, substituent effect, salt effect, thermodynamic parameter, plausible mechanisms of hydrolysis have been proposed. It may be concluded that the hydrolysis through SN1 mechanism via carbonium ion intermdiate to pH 3.0, and pH 10.0, the hydrolysis proceeds through 1,3-dipolar or SN2 mechanism.€က


Invasive aspergillosis (IA) has been reported only rarely among patients with solid tumors. In the current study, the authors retrospectively identified 13 episodes of definite or probable IA (using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer criteria) occurring in patients with solid tumors who were treated between 1994–2003. Nine patients had pulmonary IA and three patients were found to have IA of the brain. Seven patients (54%) had primary or metastatic brain tumors and 6 patients (46%) received systemic steroids within 30 days prior to the diagnosis of IA. The majority of patients (69%) had a lymphocyte count < 500/μL but only 1 patient was neutropenic within the 30 days before the diagnosis of IA was made. Nodular infiltrates and cavities were the most common radiologic findings. Seven patients (54%) responded to antifungal treatment. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.


Abstract An engine cycle simulation was developed to investigate the role of volatiles and liquid carriers on the combustion process and performance of a coal-fueled, reciprocating engine operating at 1000 rpm. Models for coal particle combustion and devolatilization, liquid droplet vaporization, fuel vapor combustion, cylinder heat transfer, piston work, and mass flow rates were combined with a thermodynamic analysis of the engine to yield instantaneous cylinder conditions and overall indicated engine performance. Four representative devolatilization rate expressions for bituminous coal were selecled from the literature for comparison in this study. With rapid devulatilization of the coal, no external energy source was necessary to ignite and completely combust the fuel for an initial (at BDC) gas temperature of 450 K. In contrast. for no volatile evolution, an initial gas temperature of 600 K was needed to achieve maximum engine performance. The initial gas temperature was identified as a significant pa...


Background: Pre-eclampsia is defined as a systemic syndrome characterized by the new onset of raised blood pressure >140/90 mm Hg and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive woman. Reduction of neonatal complications of pre-eclampsia is feasible by assessment of fetal well-being. Both fetal Doppler and NST are used for the screening of high-risk pregnancies.
Methods: It was a prospective comparative tertiary care hospital based study of pre-eclamptic women admitted in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lalla Ded hospital over a period of 18 months from March 2020 to September 2021. Written informed consent was obtained from the subjects prior to recruitment to the study. A total of 232 patients who were known case of pre-eclampsia or those who develop pre-eclampsia during hospital stay were included in our study.
Results: Both NST and fetal UA Doppler velocimetry were significantly correlated with the perinatal outcome. However; UA Doppler velocimetry had more sensitivity than NST. In contrast, NST had slightly more specificity than UA Doppler velocimetry.
Conclusion: The fetal umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry improves the sensitivity for the prediction of poor perinatal outcome when it is combined with the non-stress test. Both the tests are complimentary to one another in fetal surveillance of high risk pregnancies like pre-eclampsia.

Keywords: Pre-eclampsia, Umbilical arteries, Ultrasonography, Doppler, NST, Prenatal diagnosis


The global COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a complete lockdown of economic activities and movement across the world This provides an opportunity to evaluate the impact of minimal anthropogenic activities on forest fire occurrences in the Western Himalaya, India Significant reduction of 83 4% in the cumulative fire incidences during 24 March to 5 May 2020 was observed in this region compared to the average of fire incidences during the corresponding period of 2006-20 Though during the current lockdown period, precipitation was high (similar to 281 mm) compared to the average for the last 15 years (similar to 125 mm), it did not contribute to the build-up of soil moisture Comparatively higher NDVI (by 30 59%) and EVI (by 12 18%) in the lockdown phase unlike the average of previous years which showed declining trend, indicates that the lockdown provided an opportunity for the canopy to sustain and have higher vigour;this was not visible earlier due to fire incidences The present study emphasizes that anthropogenic activities play a major role in forest fire incidences in this region


l.amin:llions intlte \ll'f't'l l't·1mian ,.,."l'"ritc sc<lllt"II<T in I he I kbwan; lias in appear in the preevaporitc phase of the uppermost Bell Canyon Formation as altcrnatiom of siltstone and organic layers. The laminations then change character and composition upward to organi· c3lly laminated claystone, organically laminated calcite, the calcite-laminated anhydrite typical of the Castile Formation, and finally to the anhydrite-laminated halite of the Castile and Salado. Laminae are correlative for distances up to 113 km (70.2 tlli) and probably throughout most of the basin. Each lamina is synchronous, 3Jul each couplet of two laminatctl components is interpreted as representing an annual layer of setlimenta tion-;, varve. The thickness of each couplet in the 260,000varve sequence (a total thickness of H7.2 m, 1467 ft) has been measured individually and 1ecorded and provides the hasis for subtlividing and correlating major stratigraphic units within the basin. The uppermost \1.2 m (30.3 ft) of the Bell Canyon Formation contains about 50,850 van·e couplets; the 13asal Limestone .Member of the Castile about 600; the lowermost anhy· drite member of the Castile (1\nhvdrite I) cont3ins 3R,397; llalite I, I,Oii3; Anhvdrite II, 14,414; llalitc II, 1,7SK; i\uhydrite 1(1, '16.5\12: Halite Ill, 17,879; and 1\nhydrite IV, 54,187. The part of the Salado collected (126.6 m) con· tains 15,422 varve couplets. The Bell CanyonC1stilc sequence in the cores studied is appar· cntly continuous, with no recognizable uncon·


Introduction: The Unholy Alliance against Sovereignty The Editors 1. Politics Without Sovereignty The Editors 2. Sovereignty and the Politics of Responsibility Philip Cunliffe 3. National Insecurities: The New Politics of the American National Interest Alexander Gourevitch 4. From State of War to State of Nature: Human Security and Sovereignty Tara McCormack 5. State-Building: Exporting State Failure Christopher J. Bickerton 6. Country Ownership: The Evasion of Donor Accountability John Pender 7. European Union: A Process Without a Subject James Heartfield 8. Deconstructing Sovereignty: Constructing Global Civil Society David Chandler 9. Legalizing Politics and Politicizing Law: The Changing Relationship Between Sovereignty and International Law Michael Savage 10. How Should Sovereignty Be Defended? James Der Derian, Michael W. Doyle, Jack L. Snyder and David Kennedy


fact of our dual form of government, state and federal. While the Constitution attempted to define the powers and limitations of the two governments in the matter of taxation, it failed to anticipate the conflict that arose over the question of tax jurisdiction. Early in our history the state of Maryland attempted to tax the notes and operations of a branch of the second bank of the United States. The federal Supreme Court declared the Maryland law unconstitutional on the ground that if the states had the power to tax the instrumentalities of the federal government, they had the power to destroy it a power that was never intended by the American people. As a result of this and subsequent decisions, it is an unquestionable law of the land that no state can impose a tax upon the bonds of the federal government. This is precisely as it should be. If the states had been permitted to levy their two per cent property taxes on the holders of federal bonds, and their tax laws had been enforced, not only would the price of the bonds have been materially reduced, but the market price would have varied widely from one state to another on account of the variations in local tax rates. In other


Abstract : The text emphasizes an understanding of the complex interpersonal and social problems of the Air Force environment, and their impact upon flyer and doctor alike. Certain topics have been amplified or introduced beyond their consideration in the 'Flight Surgeon's Manual' or in Air Force Manual 160-1 (Medical Examination): Clinical diagnosis and psychosomatic problems are reviewed in the military setting; the Adaptability Rating for Military Aeronautics is explained in detail; neurological problems and psychological reactions to flying stress are emphasized. The vitally important work of the Flight Surgeon in mental health is introduced. The presentations serve to clarify and refine the Flight Surgeon's responsibilities and practice, and are in essential agreement with official Air Force publications on these subjects.


With the open use of the communication activities and the diversified applications of services with various functions, a tendency to utilize the communication network in various ways and for various purposes is observed. There is an increasing need to realize network management based on the prediction technique for the communication activities of the user. This paper proposes a modeling for the choice behavior of communication services by applying the disaggregate behavioral model used in the field of urban engineering as a means of estimating commuter demand. The possibility of application to the communication network management is demonstrated. First, the decision-making factors to be considered in the model are classified and then the general construction procedure for the model is presented. The qualitative and subjective decision-making factors are represented numerically using the cardinal scaling based on paired comparisons, and are then used as factors of the model. Assuming a communication service providing 28 kinds of information data concerned with daily life activities, a model construction experiment was made. An examination is made based on actual survey data regarding user intention. It is shown that an excellent performance is obtained in the prediction of service choice, learning based on accumulated data, and the evaluation of service functions. Based on the realized performance, the application of the model to the management and operation of the communication network is discussed.


This study aims to analyze the relationship between tourism policy, gender, and purusa culture in the provision of local labor and female gender, review gender-based tourism policies, compare theories such as the rule of law, welfare state theory, human rights theory, democratic theory. economics, and tourism empowerment theory. Also adopted the Boley & McGehee Population Empowerment model through the Tourism Scale (RETS). The method used in this study is normative juridical research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the systematic interpretive analysis show that the absorption of female labor is expressed as a product of structural and cultural forces, and domestic conditions around women's roles, therefore a combination of material and discursive analysis is needed to examine the socio-cultural relations of tourism policy production, the response to the absence of equality. gender in the middle of purusa culture. Workforce competency certificates that comply with the ACCSTP (ASEAN Common Competency Standards for Tourism Professionals) criteria are a preventive alternative for women to be able to target jobs in the public sector and the readiness of countries as ASEAN member countries.


The compactness is the key to quality control for the asphalt concrete pavement, since it the service life of pavement. In accordance with the clauses in the correlative specifications and the actual project cases, this article discusses the selection of standard density, the testing method of actual density and the compactness standard in detecting of compactness of asphalt pavement. ;


Short‐duration, pulse‐like long‐period (LP) events are a characteristic type of seismicity accompanying eruptive activity at Mount Etna in Italy in 2004 and 2008 and at Turrialba Volcano in Costa Rica and Ubinas Volcano in Peru in 2009. We use the discrete wave number method to compute the free surface response in the near field of a rectangular tensile crack embedded in a homogeneous elastic half space and to gain insights into the origin of the LP pulses. Two source models are considered, including (1) a vertical fluid‐driven crack and (2) a unilateral tensile rupture growing at a fixed sub‐Rayleigh velocity with constant opening on a vertical crack. We apply cross correlation to the synthetics and data to demonstrate that a fluid‐driven crack provides a natural explanation for these data with realistic source sizes and fluid properties. Our modeling points to shallow sources (<1 km depth), whose signatures are representative of the Rayleigh pulse sampled at epicentral distances >∼1 km. While a slow‐rupture failure provides another potential model for these events, the synthetics and resulting fits to the data are not optimal in this model compared to a fluid‐driven source. We infer that pulse‐like LP signatures are parts of the continuum of responses produced by shallow fluid‐driven sources in volcanoes.


Load shapes obtained from smart meter data are commonly utilized to understand daily energy use patterns for adaptive operations in applications such as Demand Response (DR). However, they do not provide information on the underlying causes of specific energy use patterns – i.e., inference on appliances' time-of-use (ToU) as actionable information. In this paper, we investigated a scalable machine learning framework to infer the appliances' ToU from energy load shapes in a collection of residential buildings. A scalable and generalized inference model obviates the need for model training in each building to facilitate its adoption by relying on training data from a set of previously observed buildings with available appliance-level data. To this end, we demonstrated the feasibility of using load shape segmentation to boost ToU inference in buildings by learning from their nearest matches that share similar energy use patterns. To infer an appliance ToU for a building, classification models are trained for inference on subintervals of load shapes from matched buildings with known ToU. The framework was evaluated using real-world energy data from Pecan Street Dataport. The results for a case study on electric vehicles (EV) and dryers showed promising performance by using 15-min smart meter load shape data with 83% and 71% F-score values, respectively, and without in-situ training.


Firstly, this paper analyzes the origin of low carbon city and find that low carbon economy and low carbon society have been put forward from the viewpoint of global action and national level, low carbon city is space carrier of low carbon idea and new practice of low carbon economy and low carbon society. Based on the analysis of the literature, the article point out that the current research of low carbon city concept mainly focus on three aspects: low carbon energy and low carbon idea, low carbon governance and low carbon planning, low carbon production and low carbon consumption. Then the concept of low carbon city was defined. According to the concept of low carbon city, the connotation of low carbon city focus on four aspects: In the time context, low carbon city is new practice in the process of converting from industrial civilization to ecological civilization, In the space scale, low carbon city is urban space response under the background of global low carbon action, Low carbon city construction is a process of socialization and systematic, technology innovation and institutional innovation are two supports of the low carbon city.


Purpose
Written by a librarian and history professor, the purpose of this paper is to describe a collaborative, primary source literacy project and report its effectiveness in teaching undergraduates to critically analyze information and develop primary source literacy.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology used included a research project with 24 undergraduates and a pre- and post-survey. The research project and student survey incorporated principles from the "Guidelines for Primary Source Literacy", published in 2017 by the ACRL's Rare Books and Manuscripts Section and the Society of American Archivists. The paper offers research and practical implications for librarians and instructors interested in strategies to teach information literacy. For instance, the paper includes a review of literature on "archival intelligence" or "primary source literacy" and describes the 2017 Guidelines for Primary Source Literacy.

Findings
Socially, the paper includes implications for how to create an inclusive learning experience for students with mechanisms such as a scaffolded assignment, hands-on instruction, imposter syndrome awareness and a no-Google policy.

Originality/value
Given that this is one of the first articles to document how practitioners are incorporating the new 2017 Guidelines, this is sure to be an original and valuable essay.


The administrative omission is one of important parts of the administrative act doctrine. The practice of administrative laws and regulations in China seldom involves in the laws and regulations of administrative omission and the remedy system for the private party in the administrative omission process is also very weak. So legislation of administrative omission in the future should be the better solution.


Protected areas are an important instrument for the conservation of natural resources. They were firstly demarcated in Brazil in the 1930s and, since then, they went through a long process of evolution resulting in the creation of a series of distinct typologies and categories of protected areas. The present study aims to analyze the evolution of these categories of protected areas in Brazil, in order to evaluate the logic behind their creation as well as their insertion in the main national and international political contexts. Aspects related to the management of the actual system are also herein discussed.


Titanium alloy is the material that difficult to cut.It is machined in high speed so as to guarantee the good quality of processing,cut instead of grinding,raise working efficiency and avoid many unfavourable factors of low speed machining.The data can be obtained and a diagram can be drawn by the test about high speed machining of Titanium alloy,and research the effect factory of the part's surface quality and the service life of cutter about the cutting speed,the feed and the angle of cutter.


Thelarge subunit binding protein, anabundant plastid protein implicated intheassembly ofribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase(RubisCO), hasbeenhighly purified fromleaves ofPisumsativum. The720kilodaltons purified binding protein iscomposed oftwotypes of subunits of60and61kilodaltons. Highly specific polyclonal antibodies havebeenraised against thebinding protein. Theantibodies donotcrossreact with thelarge subunit nordoanti-RubisCO antibodies cross-react with thebinding protein. A higher molecular weight formofthebinding protein isimmunoprecipitated fromproducts ofP.sativum polysomes translated inawheat-germ system, indicating that thebinding protein is synthesized bycytoplasmic ribosomes. Immunoblotting reveals thepresenceofbinding protein inextracts oftobacco, wheatandbarley leaves andcastor beanendosperm. Thepreviously reported dissociation ofthebinding protein-large subunit complex uponaddition ofATPinvitro hasbeenconfirmed andthe fates ofthedissociated subunits further investigated. Thedissociated binding protein subunits arenotphosphorylated oradenylated invitro byadded ATP.


The paper first reviews the increased internationalization of corporate logistics, existing carrier selection literature, and previous shipper‐carrier comparison studies. Then the results of a study involving 305 international shipper respondents and 27 global carrier respondents are presented. Both groups were surveyed about the importance to international shippers of a wide range of logistics service attributes. It appears that the service priorities of international shippers are consistent with the findings of previous (U.S. domestic) carrier selection studies. Reliability and transit time rank first, while cost follows in third place. The priority ratings of global carrier managers match those of the shippers, with one important difference: carrier managers significantly underrated the importance and ranking of transit time. Two other significant differences in ratings were also found. Carriers underrated the importance of carrier considerations, and overrated the importance of distribution services. These results are discussed and implications for carrier management are formulated.


Tremie pipes are used to control concrete flow rate and minimize bleeding and dilution when placed into deep, submerged excavations. The L-box test is designed to measure workability and flowability of tremie pipe concrete as an indirect index measure of concrete viscosity and plastic yield. This test has been simulated by a mathematical model of the representative partial differential equation (PDE) derived for one-, two-, and three-dimensional (1-D, 2-D, and 3-D) applications. The L-box model solves a dimensionless PDE in terms of the flow velocity along the L-box channel length as a function of time and distance, which is analogous to a nonhomogeneous heat conduction equation. An example problem for the 1-D application has been solved both numerically (by the finite difference method) and analytically (using Fourier analysis). The two methods and results are comparable and model the concrete flow behavior as observed in standard laboratory L-box tests.


The study examines four methods to allocate changes in employment to the various employment size categories. For annual data, the reference parameter should be the average size of the enterprise or a dynamic allocation procedure. Due to regression bias, job creation by smaller enterprises is overestimated when figures from the previous year or from start-ups are used. Using the final enterprise size overestimates job creation by large-scale businesses. Quarterly data are best served by a dynamic allocation to size categories. This method of allocation, used as its official method by the American Bureau for Labor Statistics, is the only one that allows allocating new formations and closures to the size categories.


To timely address current and projected issues in cotton farming, and for boosting its cotton production, Uzbekistan has paid a particular attention to develop "omics" science based cotton programs, established modern research facilities, prepared new generation of biotechnologists and molecular breeders, and enhanced global collaborations with advanced centres worldwide. Scientists have concentrated and significantly advanced on molecular marker technologies, genetic mapping of important loci conditioning complex agronomic traits, cloning and characterization of important cotton genes and sequence signatures, application of marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genetic engineering technologies that resulted in development of Uzbekistan's own 'biotech' and MAS-derived novel cotton cultivars, which are being commercialized in near future. Here the key achievements, current developments, and future perspectives were revisited.


Yield and nine components of yield were studied in seventeen semi spreading groundnut varieties. The coefficient of variability, heritability, genetic advance and phenotypic correlations were worked out. High heritability estimates combined with high genetic advance was observed in number of flowers, yield of pod. 1000-pod weight and 1000-kernel weight. The height of main stem had high heritability value with moderate genetic advance as well as positive and strong association with 1000-pod weight and kernel weight.


Bone marrow biopsy (BMB) is recommended as a part of the workup diagnosis in all patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). This is an invasive procedure that is mostly stressful for the patient and very rarely is associated with severe bleeding. We suggest that the clinician needs to weigh up the potential benefit of this procedure in each case in terms of changing therapeutic approach and prognosis. We think BMB is not mandatory in every patient with NHL and suggest recommendations for which patients we should continue to perform this procedure on.


These are the notes of some lectures given by the author for a workshop held at TIFR, Mumbai in December, 2011, giving an exposition of the Deligne-Lusztig theory.


Concentrating on the minimum death guarantee, this paper first compares the actuarial and financial approaches for pricing guarantees in unitlinked life insurance contracts. We end up with the conclusion that, at least at the reinsurer level, only the actuarial approach can be consistently applied. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we then obtain the probability distribution of the future costs associated with this guarantee. This allows us to determine the necessary elements to fill in a cash flow model that is used to fix the price for this cover. Using a cash flow model raises some questions that are not completely resolved yet. How much capital should we allocate? How to release it? What is the cost of capital? In this paper, we propose simple solutions but the questions are still open.


The pressure behaviour of a well can be easily measured and is useful in analysing and predicting reservoir performance or diagnosing the condition of a well. Since a well test and subsequent pressure transient analysis is the most powerful tool available to the reservoir engineer for determining reservoir characteristics, the subject of well test analysis has attracted considerable attention. A well test is the only method available to the reservoir engineer for examining the dynamic response in the reservoir and considerable information can be gained from a well test. A well test is the examination of the transient behaviour of a porous reservoir as the result of a temporary change in production conditions performed over a relatively short period of time in comparison to the producing life of field. The build up can be both the part of the test when the well is shut in and a value represented by the difference in the pressure measured at any time during the build up and the final flowing pressure. The most common megods of transient (time dependant) pressure analysis required that data points be selected such that they fell on a well-defined straight line on either semi-logarithmic or cartesian graph paper. The well test analyst must the insure that the proper straight line has been chosen if more than one line can be drawn through the plotted data. This aspect of interpretation of well test data requires the input of reservoir engineer. Equally important is the design of a well test to ensure that the duration and format of the test is such that it produces good quality data for analysis. The results obtained from transient pressure analysis are used to discover the formation damage by detemining skin. This experiment will be analyzed oil well which is NA-20 well in Senja field. The results from the analysis of the data obtained on NA-20 well is 4.84 mD permeability, skin +1.42, pressure changes due to skin (ΔPskin) 264.384 psi, and flow efficiency 0.842 with 851.61 ft radius of investigation. The result from the analysis of the well showed that NA-20 well in Senja field have formation damage.