This paper addresses some ergonomic issues in the ISO 9000‐based quality assurance. Ergonomics ‐ the study of human factors in engineering and design of systems is briefly touched on. Then, outlines of ISO 9001 and ISO 9004 quality system models are provided, and all 20 requirements requirements of the current ISO 9001:9004 standard are presented in an ergonomic light. Subsequently, human factors in the documentation and implementation of a quality system are illustrated. The relevance of ergonomic studies in the development of service systems is addressed. Finally, a blueprint for an ergonomic assurance system, defined as a set of interrelated resources and processes that function in order to achieve objectives related to ergonomic design and use of products and processes, is provided.


This study examined relationships between specific learning styles, attachment styles and psychological symptoms in a sample of female college students (N=246). The participants in this study were assessed on the above variables through completion of several self-report instruments measuring these variables. Significant relationships between specific learning styles, attachment styles, and psychological symptoms were found. In particular, there were significant relationships between attachment related anxiety and the Avoidant and Competitive learning styles and significant relationships between overall psychological symptoms and a variety of the psychological symptom subscales for the Avoidant, Competitive, and Participant learning style scores. Significant results were not found for the Collaborative, Dependent, and Independent learning style scores on overall score or any of the psychological symptom subscales. This study is intended to be foundational research developed with the intention of future in-depth study. Implications and future directions for research are suggested. Learning Styles. This study explores the relationships between learning styles, attachment styles, and psychological symptoms in college women. Learning styles are based on specific preferences that individuals have about how they learn (Sims & Sims, 1995). Grasha (1996) specifies six major learning styles related to interactions between a learner and his or her peers and instructors: Avoidant, Collaborative, Competitive, Dependent, Independent, and Participative. We selected Grasha's Learning Style Theory to identify the different learning styles because of Grasha's emphasis on social interactions, which relate well to the concepts of attachment and psychological symptoms and because of the reliable and user-friendly Grasha-Reichmann Student Learning Style Inventory (Grasha, 1996; Reichmann & Grasha, 1974). Avoidant learners tend to be uninterested and/or overwhelmed by the learning situation. They are not enthusiastic and do not participate in the learning process. Collaborative learners enjoy working with peers and teachers, and they believe they can learn by sharing ideas and talents. Competitive learners compete with their peers for grades and like to be the center of attention receiving recognition for their accomplishments. Dependent learners show little intellectual curiosity and learn only what is required. They look to authority figures, teachers, and peers for specific guidelines on structure, support, and what to do. Independent learners prefer to think for themselves and are confident about their learning abilities. They prefer to work alone, learning content that they think is important. Participant learners are the "good citizens." They are eager to please and will do as much as is required to meet requirements. They enjoy most learning activities and are likely to participate actively in the learning process. In various studies, Grasha (1996) examined the distribution of learning styles among college students. Overall, his results indicated that there are no significant differences with regard to learning styles and students' academic major, and learning style profiles tend to be similar for undergraduate and graduate students. As compared to learners in four-year institutions, learners in 2-year institutions, tend to use more Competitive, Dependent, and Participant styles. Regarding gender, female learners tend to have higher scores on the Collaborative learning style as compared to males overall. Students over 25 years of age scored higher on Independent and Participant learning styles as compared to younger college students. Younger college students were more likely to have higher levels of the Avoidant, Competitive, and Participant learning styles in the classroom. Finally, with regard to grades and learning styles, it is no surprise that students with an Avoidant learning style tend to get lower grades as compared to students with other learning styles (Grasha, 1996). …


The use of growth regulators through the herbicide subdoses is a promising alternative capable of reducing the size of plants, making them more compact and photosynthetically more active and efficient. The objective was to evaluate the effect of herbicide application on the development and production components of six soybean cultivars. The experiment was conducted in field under randomized blocks with four replications. Six soybean cultivars (M8644 IPRO, M8372 IPRO, M8349 IPRO and M8766 RR, NS7901 RR and CD251 RR) were submitted the application of three herbicides and their respective subdoses (2,4-D - 40.3 g ha-1; Imazetapir - 26.5 g ha-1 and Lactofen - 96 g ha-1). An additional treatment without the application of any herbicide was also evaluated (Control treatment). Subdoses of 2,4-D, Lactofen and Imazetapyr provided greater plant height, height of insertion of the first pod, branches per plant, number of pods and number of grains. A new adequacy in the doses of 2,4-D, Lactofen and Imazetapyr is necessary to contribute in the future to increase the productivity of soybean.


One says that a smooth manifold M is a pseudo-Riemannian manifold of signature (p,q) if the tangent bundle TM is equipped with a smooth non-degenerate symmetric inner product g of signature (p,q). Similarly one says that M is an affine manifold if TM is equipped with a torsion free connection. One says g is Osserman if the eigenvalues of the Jacobi operator are constant on the pseudo-sphere bundles of unit timelike and spacelike vectors. We extend this concept from the pseudo-Riemannian to the affine setting to define the notion of a projectively Osserman manifold. This notion is the focus of the paper. We establish some basic results concerning projectively Osserman manifolds and exhibit examples of this structure which arise in several different geometrical contexts.


This book addresses the extent to which publishing in, and for, the sciences is facing a paradigm shift brought about by a "perfect storm" of diverse and powerful external trends. These often-global trends impact on a tight, specialised and introspective research system which, in terms of the way it communicates, has witnessed little change over recent decades. The premise of this book is that these external drivers are leading towards greater "democratisation" of the scientific publishing process, created by more openness, interactivity, sharing and reach within an Internet-enabled and a more science aware society. But there are barriers which need to be overcome before scientific publishing (or STEM, science, technology, engineering and mathematics publishing) can be made fully in tune with emerging and powerful external social, technological, administrative and commercial contexts. This analysis describes the challenges facing the industry and offers suggestions how they may be overcome. Examples of the problems include how to ensure quality in a world enveloped by 'white noise' and digital data. Another is how to cope with the 'serials crisis' facing STEM publishing where supply factors are not aligned with demand. There are complaints about the business models which have been adopted in this sector. A further problem is how to make STEM more engaged with satisfying information needs of a broader and expanding unaffiliated knowledge worker (UKWs) community – a community which could benefit from easy access to STEM research outputs. STEM publishing also needs to adapt to new online communication mechanisms which render traditional publishing methods slow and outdated. These challenges are exasperated by negative effects the Internet is allegedly having on individuals, democracy and society, as suggested by influential writers such as Keen (2015), Carr (2010) and Greenfield (2014) amongst others. Though the Internet offers scope for greater involvement within a wider community there are weaknesses at a macro level in a system which enables fraudulence, divisiveness and anti-social activity to operate alongside the Internet's openness, scale and freedom. Addressing these issues involves a strategic rather than operational approach. It raises questions about the function, efficiency, effectiveness and viability of a system of communication within the scientific research process, and how the external environment will force changes to what has hitherto been a cautious, conservative, stable and, in many instances, highly profitable industry sector.


1 Threlfall TJ, Whitfort MJ, Thompson JR. Cancer incidence and mortality in Western Australia, 1992-1994: a report of the Western Australian Cancer Registry. Perth: Heaith Department of Western Australia, 1996. 2. Threlfall TJ, Thompson J. Cancer incidence and mortality in Western Australia, 1995: a report of the Western Australian Cancer Registry. Perth: Health Department of Western Australia, 1997. 3 Threlfall TJ, Thompson J. Cancer incidence and mortality in Western Australia, 1996: a report of the Western Australian Cancer Registry. Perth: Health Department of Western Australia, 1998. 4. Threlfall TJ, Thompson JR. Cancer incidence and mortality in Western Australia, 1997: a report of the Western Australian Cancer Registry. Perth: Health Department of Western Australia, 1999.


In order to cooperate with the reform of higher education,and to speed up the change of experimental teaching and the construction of lab facilities,the National University of Defence Technology(NUDT) decided to build a customized laboratory for the signal processing series of courses in undergraduate level. This document is an introduction of the construction procedure for the lab. It includes the guiding ideology of the construction,the experimental teaching system,experimental teaching content and the teaching group. The new lab will be able to support the undergraduate education and innovation activities in signal processing area with its advanced design and scientific planning.


Gives the finite element method to research concrete-filled steel tube elements using three-di-mensional isoparametric elements and considering both geometric and material non-linearity.and crack in concrete and cohesion between steel and concrete proves through analysis of typical examples and ex-periments made with concrete-filled steel tube elements that,this method is correct and applicable.


With extensive use of the polymer flooding,amount of produced wastewater from polymer flooding increases year by year.Compared with produced water from water flooding,produced wastewater from polymer flooding is more complex,and existence of the polymer makes water treatment more difficultly,which has become a problem to be urgently solved.In this paper,characteristics of produced water from polymer flooding were analyzed,treatment methods of produced water from polymer flooding were discussed,and some advices to treat produced water from polymer flooding in the future were put forward.


A survey of currently known extrasolar planets indicates that close to 20% of their hosting stars are members of binary systems. While the majority of these binaries are wide (i.e., with separations between 250 and 6500 AU), the detection of Jovian-type planets in the three binaries of Gamma Cephei (separation of 18.5 AU), GL 86 (separation of 21 AU), and HD 41004 (separation of 23 AU) have brought to the forefront questions on the formation of giant planets and the possibility of the existence of smaller bodies in moderately close binary star systems. This paper discusses the late stage of the formation of habitable planets in binary systems that host Jovian-type bodies, and reviews the effects of the binary companion on the formation of Earth-like planets in the system's habitable zone. The results of a large survey of the parameter-space of binary-planetary systems in search of regions where habitable planets can form and have long-term stable orbits are also presented.


In mobile communication between a base station and a mobile station, transmission power of the base station so as not to cause deterioration in the reception quality varies significantly. Signal code generated in accordance with the amount of variation of the transmission power of is transmitted from the base station to the mobile station. In the mobile station, via the detector 25 detects a code generated by the base station, in accordance with the detected by the detector 25 code, the receive gain to amplify or attenuate the signal transmitted from the base station set varied in the amplifier control unit 26, the signal transmitted from the base station, is amplified or attenuated by amplifier 21 at the set reception gain.


According to the characteristics of hazard in water transport engineering construction,combining with information technology,the warning management method of the hazard is carried out,the conception for building the informatization warning and control system of hazard in water transport engineering construction,which takes the identification model of construction project hazard,data processing model of hazard assessment by various evaluation methods,digital model of construction management as a core,is put forward.The system can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of hazard management,provide a platform for the exchange of experiences,and offer concepts for the safety of the water transport engineering informationization project.


Provided is a current-limiting reactor device with which the ratio of the increase in the fault current can be suppressed without increasing the process energy of a surge absorber possessed by a direct current breaker installed in a direct current system. This current-limiting reactor device (1) is equipped with: a reactor (2) connected in series with a direct current breaker; a surge absorber (3) connected in parallel with the reactor (2); and a switch (4) connected in series with the surge absorber (3). The switch (4) is turned on from the point in time at which the power system fault occurs until the point at which the current is interrupted by the direct current breaker (10).


This paper reviews the fundamental requirements of liquid hydrocarbon fuels for spark ignition engines, namely that the fuel should vaporise satisfactorily and burn in a controlled manner. The phenomenon of knock and the development of the octane scale are discussed. The variation in the pressure–time histories for different engines is discussed, together with the reason why this leads to different fuel requirements. The difference in the octane rating tests and the way in which engine downsizing exacerbates these differences in the pressure–time histories are discussed. The applicability of the research octane number and the motor octane number to modern engines is reviewed, together with the phenomena of low-speed pre-ignition and superknock. The effects of the hydrocarbon fuel distillation characteristics on the driveability and the emissions are reviewed and discussed with respect to the historical context and the current legislative requirements. Brief mention is made of other fuel requirements such as the density, the gum content and the aromatic content.


Modulation of the redox system in cancer cells has been considered a promising target for anti-cancer therapy. The novel MTH1 inhibitor TH588 proved tremendous potential in terms of cancer cell eradication, yet its specificity has been questioned by recent reports, indicating that TH588 may also induce cancer cell death by alternative mechanisms than MTH1 inhibition. Here we used a panel of heterogeneous neuroendocrine tumor cells in order to assess cellular mechanisms and molecular signaling pathways implicated in the effects of TH588 alone as well as dual-targeting approaches combining TH588 with everolimus, cytotoxic 5-fluorouracil or γ-irradiation. Our results reflect that TH588 alone efficiently decreased the survival of neuroendocrine cancer cells by PI3K-Akt-mTOR axis downregulation, increased apoptosis and oxidative stress. However, in the dual-targeting approaches cell survival was further decreased due to an even stronger downregulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR axis and augmentation of apoptosis but not oxidative stress. Furthermore, we could attribute TH588 chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties. Collectively our data not only provide insights into how TH588 exactly kills cancer cells but also depict novel perspectives for combinatorial treatment approaches encompassing TH588.


Economic valuation of natural resources is important method in regional development. By this term, all potencies, characteristics, and economic value (benefit, cost, and profit) of natural resources should be known.  It can be also a fundamental concept to create regional rules and to make simple adjustment with The Act of National Natural Resources. The management of natural resources in regional area should match with regional potency and national vision of natural resources management . Finally, the country has to maintain the natural resources and also take care of its sustainability. Keywords: Economic valuation, regional development


Aim To analyze the factors of ADR induced by huangqi injection for the purpose of providing reference for rational use of drugs.Method ADR induced by huangqi injection in Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Result Huangqi injection could induce the dermatology system reaction,circulation system reaction,and digestive system reaction.Conclusion Clinicians should know the characteristics of adverse reactions induced by huangqi injection so as to apply it rationally.


stated that the opposite tube was removed by Dr. Routh, whilst the opposite ovary was left in situ. Unfortunately this tube was not examined microscopically, so that there was only the clinical evidence to support the contention that it was diseased. Dr. Lockyer had no hesitation in accepting the belief that it was possible for a fertilized ovum to embed itself in the walls of a Fallopian tube damaged by an inflammatory disease.


The present invention is a printed circuit board (PCB: Print circuit board) of the hole (hole) embedded coins to a solution of the composition and an additive, and in more detail a hole embedding coins to a solution for the printed circuit board relates to the embedding method of holes using the same are for containing a water-soluble mercapto-containing organic brightening agent with one or more carriers or wetting agents and is configured to have a multi-charged N- containing organic compounds and fine leveling agent, stabilizers component to fill the holes in the printed circuit board, with this effectively It provides a plating method. Acid coins to the solution according to the invention, and luster are excellent with a long bath life, compared to a solution to the existing coins, inclusions (inclusion), by obtaining the free from defects uniform and good smoothness plating, such as a void (void) the final copper metal does not generate a coherent signal (coherent signal) and provides the advantage of minimizing the defect rate of the high-density and multi-layered printed circuit board material. A printed circuit board, a coin's solution, copper plating, an acid, a hole, an organic brightener, a carrier, a wetting agent, a leveling agent, refiner


The zebra mussel is a successful invasive freshwater bivalve that has colonised large parts of Europe and North America. Since in most cases its arrival has had severe economic and ecological consequences, attempts have been made to predict the further spread of the zebra mussel within Europe and especially North America. The aim of this study was to determine the possibilities and limitations for a global range expansion of the zebra mussel based on its biology, ecology and physiology. We propose that a range expansion by the zebra mussel is restricted to freshand brackish waters (with salinities ranging 0.007-14 ‰) within the temperature range of the 10°C isotherm of the coldest month and the 14°C isotherm of the warmest month where the environmental conditions meet the requirements for simultaneous reproductive activity within populations. The potential expansion is further most likely restricted to the northern hemisphere where mean dissolved calcium concentrations exceed the 12-15 mg l-1 threshold necessary for egg development and shell growth. Within these regions, ports and harbours within 3-5 weeks of cross-oceanic journey are likely to be colonised in the future.


With the development of the economic, the collaborative protection of the commercial secrets in the supply chain enterprises is increasingly important. In this paper, we analyze the necessity of the collaborative protection of the commercial secrets. The game modal is employed to analyze the actions and the benefit-based relationships between the core corporation and the supplier. Results indicated that the distribution of the net surplus between the core corporation and the supplier determines their payoffs and actions.


We study the index theory of hypoelliptic operators on Carnot manifolds -- manifolds whose Lie algebra of vector fields is equipped with a filtration induced from sub-bundles of the tangent bundle. A Heisenberg pseudodifferential operator, elliptic in the calculus of van Erp-Yuncken, is hypoelliptic and Fredholm. Under some geometric conditions, we compute its Fredholm index by means of operator $K$-theory. These results extend the work of Baum-van Erp (Acta Mathematica '2014) for co-oriented contact manifolds to a methodology for solving this index problem geometrically on Carnot manifolds. Under the assumption that the Carnot manifold is regular, i.e. has isomorphic osculating Lie algebras in all fibres, and admits a flat coadjoint orbit, the methodology derived from Baum-van Erp's work is developed in full detail. In this case, we develope $K$-theoretical dualities computing the Fredholm index by means of geometric $K$-homology a la Baum-Douglas. The duality involves a Hilbert space bundle of flat orbit representations. Explicit solutions to the index problem for Toeplitz operators and operators of the form"$\Delta_H+\gamma T$"are computed in geometric $K$-homology, extending results of Boutet de Monvel and Baum-van Erp, respectively, from co-oriented contact manifolds to regular polycontact manifolds.


Current US guidelines recommend that less than 30% of dietary energy (en%) in adults should derive from total fats, in part to limit excessive intake of saturated fats, which is linked to atherosclerosis, obesity and some cancers. Dairy foods are a major source of saturated fats, so such guidelines effectively advocate decreased consumption of dairy products to 2-4 servings daily. Milk containing increased unsaturated fatty acids has been produced by feeding cows with a protected feed supplement rich in oleic acid. Feeding of butterfat derived from this milk elicited decreased blood LDL-C in two of three trials. To resolve ongoing uncertainty concerning the efficacy of butterfat per se, we have investigated its blood lipid-lowering potential in 20 healthy male subjects using a double-blind, randomised, intervention trial. During this residential trial, all foods and beverages were provided during two intervention periods, comprising 3 weeks of high unsaturated modified' vs. 3 weeks of saturated 'control' butter feeding separated by a 4-week washout period. Diets were of typical composition of 39 en% fat (20 en% butterfat), 48 en% CHO, 13 en% protein. There were significant decreases in both total (p L'effet de l'apport de matiere grasse laitiere enrichie en acide gras insature (20%) est testee sur des adultes du sexe masculin. Le cholesterol total et le cholesterol LDL sont doses. Il n'y a pas de changement dans le poids corporel au cours de l'experience. Le cholesterol diminue de maniere significative. Cette source lipidique est donc efficace dans la prevention des risques cardiovasculaires.


As boundary spanners, salespeople are known to engage in opportunistic behaviors including fudging-"adjusting" sales numbers/orders to make them align with targets, and faking -"appearing" to follo...


Analyzing from the vibration of EMS vehicle bogie exited by track irregularity, this paper analyzed the changing characteristic of suspension air gap of suspension electromagnetic iron. The results showed that the range of attraction force of suspension electromagnetic iron of EMS vehicle was limited and EMS vehicle was hard to follow guideway condition. Therefore, we must strictly limit irregularity and dynamic deformation of guideway beam in order that we can ensure that the collision will not happen between suspension electromagnetic iron and long stator core under high speed running and realize EMS vehicle's safe operating. The maximum limit value of integrated guideway irregularity which is iteratively added is normal suspension air gap (that is 8mm-10mm). The analyzing result could provide necessary reference for drawing the standard of construction and regularity of maintenance of way of guideway beam.


Reservoir immersion is geological hazard caused by the groundwater level rise which may from reservoir water store and humun being engineering activities.Generally,according to the relationship between phreatic water level and the depth of groundwater buried,evaluation of reservoir immersion is determined.Compared with the non-cold regions,because of low temperature and freezing-thawing action in cold region,formation mechanism of immersion is complex.Therefore,how to reasonably determine the buried depth of groundwater is critical to evaluation of reservoir immersion in cold region.In order to research on buried depth of groundwater in cold region,investigation of the immersion is made in typical area.This paper provides corresponding reference for the evaluation and analysis of immersion in cold area.


Employees are the greatest threat to an organization's security. Their non-compliance with security policies not only threatens the integrity of the system, it also costs the organization a significant amount of money due to the loss of information or the man-hours spent fixing problems that the user causes. This paper looks at the man-hour cost due to non-compliance at a branch of a large university. We identified what constituted non-compliance and then had the IT staff track the number of hours they spent addressing these problems over a 13-month period. This paper also covers what actions and tools the IT department is using to combat the problem of user non-compliance.


Since 100 years or so, it has been usually accepted that the " conformal group " could be defined in an arbitrary dimension n as the group of transformations preserving a non degenerate flat metric up to a nonzero invertible point depending factor called " conformal factor ". However, when n > 2, it is a finite dimensional Lie group of transformations with n translations, n(n-1)/2 rotations, 1 dilatation and n nonlinear transformations called " elations " , that is a total of (n+1)(n+2)/2 transformations. Because of the Michelson-Morley experiment, the conformal group of space-time with 15 parameters is well known as the biggest group of invariance of the constitutive law of electromagnetism (EM) in vacuum, even though the two sets of field and induction Maxwell equations are respectively invariant by any local invertible transformation. As this last generic number is also well defined and becomes equal to 3 for n=1 or 6 for n=2, the purpose of this paper is to use modern mathematical tools such as the Spencer operator on systems of OD or PD equations, both with its restriction to their symbols leading to the Spencer -cohomology, in order to provide a unique striking definition that could be valid for any n. The concept of a " finite type " system is crucial for such a new definition.


Purpose: Efficacy and safety evaluation of Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) goniotomy vs iStent inject implantation. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study in patients that underwent goniotomy with KDB or iStent inject implantation, stand-alone or combined with cataract surgery. Main outcome parameters were intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications, proportion of eyes achieving >20% IOP reduction and number of eyes with postoperative IOP <19 mmHg at last follow-up. Results: A total of 29 patients (30 eyes) were included in the iStent inject group and 30 patients (32 eyes) in the KDB group. Mean follow-ups were 20.9±6.5 (KDB-alone) to 29.5 ±7.6 (phaco-iStent inject ) months. Pre- and post-operative IOPs were 22.2±5.8 mmHg and 15.9±4.3 mmHg ( P =0.004) in the KDB-alone, 24.2±6.8 mmHg and 16.2±6.7 mmHg ( P =0.001) in the phaco-KDB, 20.6±5.4 mmHg and 20.9±6.8 mmHg ( P =0.598) in the iStent inject -alone as well as 20.9±5.5 mmHg and 15.6±3.4 mmHg ( P =0.003) in the phaco-iStent inject subgroups. No major complications occurred. Conclusion: All KDB and iStent subgroups except the stand-alone iStent inject subgroup showed a clinically significant IOP-lowering effect as a stand-alone procedure or combined with cataract surgery. Goniotomy with KDB in this setting seems to offer an advantageous IOP reduction compared to iStent inject .


Performance analysis of different gas turbine power plant configurations is presented in this paper. The work includes the effect of humidity, ambient inlet air temperature and types of fuels on gas turbine plant configurations with and without cooling technologies. Investigation also covers economic analysis. 20 MWe GE 5271RA and 40 MWe GE-6561B frames are selected for the present study. GT PRO software has been used for carrying out the simulations for a given location of Saudi Arabia. The relative humidity and temperature have been varied from 30 to 45 % and from 80 to 100° F, respectively. Fuels considered in the study are natural gas, diesel and heavy bunker oil. Results show that variation of humidity does not affect the gas turbine performance for all types of fuels. For GT only situation, for a decrease of ambient inlet air temperature by 10 °F, plant net output and efficiency have been found to increase by 4%, 1 % respectively, for all fuels. However, with addition of, fogger, plant net output and efficiency further increase by 3 %, 1% respectively. For all GT frames with fogger, the net plant output and efficiency are relatively higher as compared to GT only case for all fuels. The net plant output and efficiency for natural gas are higher as compare to other fuels for all GT scenarios. For 40 MWe frame with and without fogger, break even fuel price and electricity price have been found to vary from 2.03 to 2.22 USD/MMBTU and from 0.024 to 0.026 USD/kWh respectively.


Polynuclear coordination complexes result from the interplay between the arrangement of the binding sites of a ligand, and their donor content, and the coordination preferences of the metal ion inv...


8:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.—APSA Convention Office and Press Room (West Lounge) 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.—APSA Short Course—Using Microcomputers for I Political Science Methods and Substance .9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.—APSA Council Meeting (Crystal Room) 1:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.—APSA Registration (West Lounge) 1:30 p.m. to 9:00 p.m.—International Studies Association Executive Committee Meeting (Private Dining Room 9) 6:30 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.—DDIR—Council Meeting (Private Dining Room 8) 8:00 p.m. to 9:45 p.m.—American Society for Political and Legal Philosophy Panel 1—Title unknown (Private Dining Room 7)


Abstract—Synchronous Drive Robots (SDR) are seeing increasing use as service robots in dynamic environments. Due to the changing scenery in dynamic environments, the accuracy of proprioceptive sensors such as odometry is of greater importance. This paper proposes a generic kinematic model for the translational systematic odometry error in an n-wheeled SDR (n¸3). An unexpected behaviour of SDR is the curved path when commanded to translate, which varies with wheel orientation (which changes when commanded to rotate.) This is caused by the traction force of each wheel around the centre of mass of the robot acting as a moment. There is a further odometry error due to wheel misalignment, which does not affect the path curvature, but creates a yaw. Compared to existing works, the proposed model is explicitly validated in the instance of a 3-wheeled SDR.


University–industry partnerships are rare on the humanities side of campus in contrast to the sciences. As a result, little is known about these partnerships, which tend to be with libraries and other not-for-profit organizations. Using the Implementing New Knowledge Environments: Network Open Social Scholarship (INKE:NOSS) as a case study, this research examines a humanities-based university–industry partnership from the academics' perspective. It explores the nature of the collaboration, associated benefits and challenges, and measures of success and desired outcomes. Overall, building upon several years of working with the partners, the interviewed researchers found that the benefits of collaborating outweighed the challenges. The benefits included the potential to move research towards production-orientated results. Among the many challenges, there was some hesitation about the ability to achieve publications and presentations needed for tenure and promotion. The academics contributed students, and in-kind and cash resources from their own research funds and those of the university to the partnership. At this point, the measures of success and desirable outcomes have not been quantified and instead focus on policy intervention and movement towards open social scholarship. These understandings about the nature of such a university–industry collaboration should provide a good foundation if partnership is funded.


Consider a simple closed rectifiable curve, C, in the plane. For points p and q on C, l(p, q) denotes the smallest positive arc length along C from p to q and d(p, q) denotes the usual Euclidean distance from p to q. Since arc length is measured by a limiting process using inscribed polygonal approximations, we might assume that sufficiently small sides of such polygons closely approximate the length of the part of the curve they subtend. In other words, we might expect that the arc chord ratio, l(p, q)/d(p, q), will be close to 1 when p and q are close to one another. A provocative first example is provided by a square. Although for any fixed p


Gravity in higher dimensions exhibits new, and perhaps unexpected, phenomena when confronting with intuition gained in 4 dimensions. Its understanding however is of key importance due to its role in trans-Planckian and gauge-gravity dualities in scenarios involving black holes. In this talk we present an overview of efforts to achieve this understanding in strongly gravitating scenarios through numerical efforts. In particular we discuss some relevant examples, immediate challenges and opportunities for near future endeavors.


INTRODUCTION 104 American agriculture is on the threshold of a major technological revolution, one that will be propelled by the combined forces of the electronic age and a new wave of innovations based upon biotechnology. This revolution portends sweeping changes, both in terms of enhanced farm productivity/efficiency and in the potential for a major restructuring of the agricultural industry.


&NA; MADS‐box genes similar to Arabidopsis thaliana SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) have been implicated in regulation of flowering in annual species and winter dormancy in perennial species. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain to be identified. In this study, the role of kiwifruit SVP2 was explored using ectopic transgenic expression in kiwifruit species with different chilling requirements and the model species tobacco, followed by transcriptomic analysis of transgenic kiwifruit plants. Ectopic expression of SVP2 affected the duration of dormancy in a high‐chill kiwifruit Actinidia deliciosa. This effect could be overcome by sufficient winter chilling. SVP2 had a minimal effect on the duration of dormancy in a low‐chill kiwifruit A. eriantha. Expression in a tobacco cultivar with photoperiodic regulation of flowering resulted in retarded vegetative growth but no impact on flowering. Transcriptomic analyses of the kiwifruit SVP2 transgenic and control lines identified 92 significantly differentially expressed genes potentially involved in SVP2‐mediated growth repression during dormancy, suggesting a role complementary to abscisic acid (ABA). This study has demonstrated that kiwifruit SVP2 has an integrative role in suppression of meristem activity to prevent precocious budbreak before the fulfilment of winter chilling requirements.


The invention relates to novel compounds binding to integrin receptors, to the production thereof and to their use as medicaments.


We present a method for evaluating the quality of acetabular fracture reductions in computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery (CAOS), which is analogous to evaluating the accuracy reached by a partial surface matching algorithm. We formulate the problem as a two-step procedure: (1) Characterizing the fracture surfaces and (2) providing a useful quantitative value to assess a fracture reduction procedure or a partial surface matching algorithm. To characterize 3D models of the fracture surfaces, we use clustering in conjunction with two similarity measures that we introduce in this paper. The similarity measures take into account features such as orientation and size of the triangles, as well as connectivity information. Our method for obtaining a quantitative value enables for the approximation of the interstitial volume left between bone fragments resulting from a fracture, and thus allows for the evaluation of the accuracy of the fragments' repositioning


Reservoir geochemistry theory and methods are applied to classification of oil family, study of source rock's hydrocarbon-generating history and analysis of petroleum migration direction in Jiuxi depression. Study shows that the crude oils from six fields in this depression belong to the same oil family which could further be divided into three groups of mature, high mature and low mature oils; the oil threshold depths of source rocks in its three sub-sags (Qingnan, Shibei and Dahongquan) range from 4 150 m, 3 000 m and 3 300 m, respectively. The crude physical parameters and carbazole parameters in nitrogenous compounds indicate that the direction of Jiuxi petroleum migration should be from west toward east, i.e., Qingxi field→ Yaerxia field→Laojunmiao field→Shiyougou field, while Shiyouhou and Laojunmiao fields also have vertical petroleum migration with directions from bottom to top, i.e., from L layer to K layer.


Consumers are influenced by different tastes and preferences in the market from time to time. There have been several factors responsible for the changing market scenario such as social, cultural, psychological, and behavioural situations. The changing consumer taste and preferences, which has brought a massive change in today's market scenario. Today, it has been seen a new era in the market by opening up Hyper Stores. The prime aim of the research study was to analyse consumer buying behaviour at Hyper Stores in Nagpur city. The primary data was collected through the method of circulating surveys, interviews, and observation and secondary data were taken from books, research papers, reports, magazines, websites, and newspapers. A simple random sampling technique was adopted for the data collection. 200 respondents were taken for the research.


A marine methylotrophic bacterium, AA-30, isolated from coastal water, obligately required Na+ for growth and had other physiological properties of marine bacteria such as cell lysis in distilled water after NaCl treatment. the to the of the the characteristics of the The identification of this be the is in contrast to terrestrial and because it is one of the important proterties in marine in the sodium-dependent growth of Methylophage sp.


With the development of information technology in society, many enterprises have set a set of enterprise information management systems for themselves. This paper proposes an Enterprise Management Information System based on the SSH framework for the Web. Firstly, the key technology in Web, Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE), is combined with Spring-Strut-Hibernate (SSH) framework, and a lightweight solution of J2EE Web application is adopted to build a Web application with a clear structure, good reusability, and easy maintenance in a short period. The functional design and development process of the information system is explored and studied in detail, and computer software design and development technologies, tools, and methods are used to build an information solution for the enterprise project management business. The internal functions of the system are divided into project planning, implementation, suspension, change, evaluation, and result management, which can provide information technology tools to support the enterprise project management business according to its actual content and management mode. All key information of this system is stored in the database, and the database tables can be divided into system-like tables and project-like tables according to the design and definition classification. Finally, the implementation of some major functional modules in this system. The integration of the system SSH and the main public functions are implemented, and then the details of how the key functions such as user login, project information filling, and auditing are implemented in the enterprise project management information system, and how the document generation function is implemented after project approval. In this paper, the enterprise management information system performance test showed that the system response time, average occupancy rate of CPU, and memory during the test have reached the expected requirement. The maximum response time of 2.423 seconds, CPU and memory (physical) maximum average occupancy rate of 21.24% and 25.25%, respectively, all conform to the requirements of the performance index.


Acknowledgements Introduction Alex Hughes (University of Birmingham), James S. Williams (University of Kent) 1. Bodies Cut and Dissolved: Dada and Surrealist Film Elza Adamowicz (Queen Mary College, University of London) 2. Diva in the Spotlight: Music Hall to Cinema Kelley Conway (University of Wisconsin-Madison) 3. Mon cul est intersexual?: Arletty's Performance of Gender Keith Reader (University of Glasgow) 4. For Our Eyes Only: Body and Sexuality in Reverse Motion in the Films of Jean Cocteau James S. Williams (University of Kent) 5. Setting the Agenders: Simone Signoret - the Pre-Feminist Star Body Susan Hayward (University of Exeter) 6. Gender, Modernism and Mass Culture in the New Wave Genevieve Sellier (Universite de Caen) 7. Austistic Masculinity in Jean-Pierre Melville's Crime Thrillers Ginette Vincendeau (University of Warwick) 8. Gender in the French Fantasy Film 1965-95 Guy Austin (University of Sheffield) 9. Going Through the Motions: Unconscious Optics and Corporal Resistance in Mieville and Godard's France/tour/detour/deux/enfants Michael Witt (University of Roehampton) 10. The God, the King, the Fool and OO: Anamorphosing the Films of Beineix Phil Powrie (University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne) 11. AIDS-Video: Representing the Body in Guibert's La Pudeur ou l'impudeur Alex Hughes (University of Birmingham) 12. Gender and Sexuality in New New Wave Cinema Dina Sherzer (University of Texas at Austin) 13. Running out of Place: Gender Space and Crisis in Ferreira Barbosa's Les Gens Normaux n'ont rien d'exceptionnel and Lvovsky's Oublie-moi Julia Dobson (University of Wolverhampton) 14. Identification and Female Friendship in Contemporary French Film Emma Wilson (University of Cambridge)


With the improvement of Additive Manufacturing technology, it has not been limited to traditional single-material homogeneous processing technology. Parts with multi-materials, functionally graded materials (FGM), colorful and true color surface texture mapping, etc. can be manufactured directly. 3D printing will be more popular in the future. In this paper, research and developments of Additive Manufacturing are summarized and some further potential developments are proposed.


The transformation of the South African higher education landscape resulted in, among other things, the merger of three distance education institutions: Unisa, VUDEC and TSA. The macro level of the merger will no doubt be studied in detail. This article explores a micro level process for two departments merged by a top-down decision that did not take cognisance of their dissimilar functions and structures. The result was both a merger and a demerging process. The two departments first had to confront the realities of their different functions and structures before a reconfiguration could occur, including the emergence of a strategic plan focusing on aspects such as specific contribution, drivers, objectives and structure. The change management principles adopted to ensure the success of the process are outlined, analysed and reflected upon.


An exponential impedance-transformer stalk was proposed for magnetically insulated induction voltage adders (MIVAs). Based on a 10-cell TLCODE model, performances of stalks with linear, stepped, and exponential profiles were quantified and analyzed as a function of m (the ratio of the adder output impedance to the one that is driver matched, m ≥ 1). Simulation results show that when m ≥ 1.5, stalks with the exponential profile result to the highest adder output voltages with a reverse voltage ~7.5% of the dominative voltage, and the η (the ratio of the subtraction between adder peak voltages with exponential and stepped profiles to the one with stepped profile) increases as the m goes up (when m = 5, η is as much as 8%). Simulation results also indicate that with exponential impedance profile, the highest feeding voltage of the 10 cells is ~2 MV when 1 ≤ m ≤ 10, and it always occurs at one of the last five cells. Moreover, it is found that with the exponential profile, the reverse coefficient β (the maximum ratio of the reverse peak voltages to the nominal) is ~9.5%.


The invention discloses an instant solid mango juice drink and a processing method thereof, belonging to the instant drink field. The drink comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-70 parts of lyophilized mango powder, 10-50 parts of lyophilized honey powder, 20-60 parts of corn non-dairy creamers and 3-20 parts of lyophilized plant spice powder. Each component of the drink is produced by freezing at the temperature below minus 25-35 DEG C in the absence of oxygen in vacuum, the intrinsic shapes are not likely to shrink, the thermosensitive substances are free from damage, the aromatic substances are not likely to be lost and the readily oxidizable substances are not likely to be oxidized; therefore, the shapes, colors, tastes and nutrients of the substances after processing and the fresh products are basically the same, and the drink is good rehydration property and is liable to mass production. Besides, the drink contains the essential vitamins and mineral elements for human bodies, can enhance the human immunity and is a new generation nutritious and healthy drink featuring quick use and convenient carrying.


In the article we tried to investigate theoretical ideas concerning actual students' reasons for education in the field of architecture in frame of the second level of higher professional education system. We present the results of survey that we conducted last year. We collected data about students' reasons to enrol for architectures' and others master programmes and their expectations of programmes' content, programmes' volume, curriculum structure, placement periods. We analysed the teaching methods, structure and trends in architecture's master programmes that was legally introduced by government standards. As a result, we concluded that the changes of education standards mostly meet expectations of master programmes contenders. However, the contenders will succeed in higher school only if their motivation is enough strong and appropriate.


Torque curves have been measured at 82°K on gallium- and aluminium-substituted single crystals of magnetite. The paper consists of two parts, one dealing with the values of the constants required to describe the intrinsic anisotropy of Fe3O4 below the crystallographic transition and the other concerned with the irreversible nature of the torque curves observed on some of the gallium-substituted crystals. A model based on the ordering of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions is proposed to explain this rotational hysteresis which occurs in higher fields than would be necessary for magnetic saturation.


Acoustic and musical components of consonance and dissonance perception have been recently identified. This study expands the range of predictors of consonance and dissonance by three analytical operations. In Experiment 1, we identify the underlying structure of a number of central predictors of consonance and dissonance extracted from an extensive dataset of chords using a hierarchical cluster analysis. Four feature categories are identified largely confirming the existing three categories (roughness, harmonicity, familiarity), including spectral envelope as an additional category separate from these. In Experiment 2, we evaluate the current model of consonance/dissonance by Harrison and Pearce by an analysis of three previously published datasets. We use linear mixed models to optimize the choice of predictors and offer a revised model. We also propose and assess a number of new predictors representing familiarity. In Experiment 3, the model by Harrison and Pearce and our revised model are evaluated with nine datasets that provide empirical mean ratings of consonance and dissonance. The results show good prediction rates for the Harrison and Pearce model (62%) and a still significantly better rate for the revised model (73%). In the revised model, the harmonicity predictor of Harrison and Pearce's model is replaced by Stolzenburg's model, and a familiarity predictor coded through a simplified classification of chords replaces the original corpus-based model. The inclusion of spectral envelope as a new category is a minor addition to account for the consonance/dissonance ratings. With respect to the anatomy of consonance/dissonance, we analyze the collinearity of the predictors, which is addressed by principal component analysis of all predictors in Experiment 3. This captures the harmonicity and roughness predictors into one component; overall, the three components account for 66% of the consonance/dissonance ratings, where the dominant variance explained comes from familiarity (46.2%), followed by roughness/harmonicity (19.3%).


Honda RD evaluate the trajectories of head, knee, pelvis and foot for different pedestrian stances in response to low and high vehicle impacts; compare dummy measurements with case injuries and human injury tolerances; and evaluate durability of the dummy and its utility for reconstructing actual pedestrian accidents. Findings showed that the Polar II dummy is a promising test device, but it seems that it currently remains a satisfactory device for evaluating only certain vehicle designs in certain situations for pedestrian aggressiveness. The global use of the device for evaluating other designs such as high profile pickup trucks remains unclear based on these tests. In terms of reconstructing cases with the Polar II dummy, it seems that we can get close to what happened in the accident, but it will be very difficult to match a case exactly by using the dummy due to issues with the dummy, as well as uncertainties in the case information.


ABSTRACT The scale and severity of property crashes following the global financial crisis has made vacancy a more visible and politically significant feature of cities. Although research has focused on urban experiments in vacant spaces, there has been less emphasis on how the contested property relations around vacancy remake urban governance. In this paper, we argue that debates about vacancy have been a central concern in post-crisis urban governance. In the first part of the paper we draw two conceptual approaches into a dialogue and apply them to an analysis of vacant space: that of Nicholas Blomley on property and Elizabeth Povinelli on "alternative social projects". In the second part of the paper, we critically analyse how three groups discursively construct the need to "activate" and "re-use" vacant spaces in Dublin: grassroots groups, urban policy-makers, and financial actors. We argue that governing vacancy will be a key feature of post-crisis urbanisation.


With the advent of green generation technologies in recent years, utilizing distributed generation (DG) such as photovoltaic and wind-based has gained a significant attention. In this paper, authors present a multi-objective probabilistic based method to determine the optimum capacity and location of wind-based DG in order to minimize the costs of Energy Not Supplied and annual energy losses as well as insure a desirable profile of voltage. A discreet GA is used to solve existing mixed integer optimization problem. To this end, a Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering is utilized to classify output power of DG units and load demands. Then, considering the center of each cluster and its respective probability, uncertainty in both of the load and wind-based DG has been considered. Proposed method is applied to an IEEE 33-bus test system. Results obtained from executing of proposed method, illustrates the effectiveness of the presented algorithm.


Text classification approach gaining more importance because of the accessibility of large number of electronic documents from a variety of resource. Text categorization is the task of assigning predefined categories to documents. It is the method of finding interesting regularities in large textual, where interesting means non trivial, hidden, previously unknown and potentially useful. The goal of text mining is to enable users to extract information from textual resource and deals with operation such as retrieval, classification, clustering, data mining, natural language preprocessing and machine learning techniques together to classify different pattern. In text classification, term weighting methods design appropriate weights to the given terms to improve the text classification performance. This paper surveys of text classification, process of text classification different term weighing methods and comparisons between different classification algorithms.


Most cancer deaths are associated with metastases resulting from the spread of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the primary tumor to vital organs. The existing methods for detection of CTCs as markers of metastasis progression are time consuming with several steps of sample processing, including red blood cell removal, labeling, immunomagnetic capture and isolation, which can lead to loss of CTCs. Here we introduce a method for detection and identification of CTCs using spectral absorption imaging of melanoma cells and optical clearing of whole blood samples. Verification of this approach was performed using phantoms of human melanoma cells and suspensions of mouse melanoma cells of line B16F10 alone and in mixture with blood. A method for improving detection sensitivity has been demonstrated applying optical clearing of mouse blood using biocompatible chemical agents. The findings suggest that the proposed diagnostic platform has the potential to detect quickly CTCs in whole blood samples from patients with melanoma.


PURPOSE: A method for hybrid medium access control for vehicle communication environment is provided to lower a competition probability between terminals by allowing terminal to dispersive access to slot. CONSTITUTION: A terminal determines whether or not a channel state about a time frame is idle state, if transmitted data frame is generated(S110). The terminal determines whether or not oneself is a slot owner about current slot, if idle state is not set(S160). A first competition window value is set when the terminal is equivalent to slot owner about the current slot(S170).


This study examined whether individual differences in two dimensions of emotional awareness (i.e., clarity of emotions, attention to emotions) are associated with individual differences in idiographic personal needs and the processing of one's psychological needs. Two types of idiographic personal needs were examined (i.e., psychologically minded, self-focused). Need processing was measured in response to nine scenarios designed to activate six different psychological needs (i.e., achievement, friendship, independence, control, respect, physical safety). There was some evidence of emotional awareness being associated with the types of needs people generated. There was strong evidence of attention to, and clarity of, emotions being associated with need processing (i.e., need activation intensity, need activation consistency, need differentiation, need processing style).


ABSTRACT The history of health care delivery systems have not shown satisfactory effectiveness in reducing the gap between proven health care techniques, and their application in the larger community. Effectiveness of communication in healthcare delivery is a major obstacle in the transfer of health care to the high health risk community population, and as that obstacle is diminished, there will be a concomitant decrease in the morbidity measures of the larger community. For example, the initiation of prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy is necessary to aid in the prevention of infant morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, an even greater cause for concern lies with African American adolescents. Although adolescent pregnancy has decreased over the last decade for all Americans, the African American birth rate remains two times greater than that of Caucasians. Since this group is more at risk than those of general population, interventions must be developed to eradicate this disparity.


The article is devoted to studying of the connection between premeditated murders and quintile ratio of differentiation of population income, as well as between premeditated murders and quintile ratio funds (general revenue). It is determined that there is a connection between the studied variables, the strength of the connection between it, as well as its direction is measured.


The authors of an April 2007 article (1) and the Journal were notified that the four lanes of the immunoblot image representing the loading controls in Figure 1D (bottom right panel) were similar to portions of loading controls included in other papers from the same laboratory. Due to the length of time since the original publication and the current unavailability of the original gels, the authors have decided that retraction of the article is the best course of action (not every author was able to be contacted). The authors state that they remain confident the conclusions of the article are valid.


On 11 March 2020, the Danish Prime Minister announced a forthcoming lockdown of Danish society due to the COVID-19 pandemic and shut down all public institutions, including the national church. Instructions for the lockdown of religious minority communities were issued a week later. The total lockdown of the Danish religious landscape is both historically unprecedented and radical in a global context, and it raises questions about mediatized religion and religion–state relations in a postsecular society. Building on quantitative and qualitative data collected during the lockdown and the gradual opening of society in 2020, this article examines the media usage of the Danish national church and of the 28 recognized Muslim communities. It reevaluates Heidi A. Campbell's 'religious-social shaping approach to technology' by examining how religious communities sought to establish continuity between their offline and online practices to maintain authority and community cohesion. We conclude (1) that the willingness of religious communities to cooperate with authorities was high, (2) that the crisis affected religious communities' organizational framework and societal position, and (3) that Campbell's approach needs to pay further attention to the conflict-producing aspects of negotiations on digitalized rituals, the importance of transnationalism, and differences between minority and majority religion.


Shorea robusta (Sal) Gaertn. F. a commercially and ecologically important forestry species of south Asia, is facing serious regeneration problem since last century. The continuously diminishing natural regeneration is associated with numerous abiotic and biotic factors, like edaphic, micro-climatic, physiological, genetic, anthropogenic, pathogens, insect-pests, etc. Following a good seed year and timely commencement of monsoon, Sal seeds germinate readily, and thousands of seedlings cover the forest floor. Subsequently, these get afflicted with die-back syndrome impeding shoot growth. Regular fire incidences during hot and dry season further aggravates the problem. Among biotic factors, Hoplocerambyx spinicornis , Cylindrocladium floridanum and Inonotus shoreae causes severe heartwood decay, blight and dieback leading to mortality. Moreover, over-exploitation, illegal felling, grazing, etc., have severely depleted the Sal forest. This review systematically explores the factors contributing to regeneration problem in S. robusta and opines appropriate silvicultural operations and management strategies for the conservation of Sal forests through SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis. We emphasized on the ecological aspects, soil characteristics, micro-climatic factors and importance of associated species to develop sustainable management regimes. Highlighting all facets of Sal regeneration problem and SWOT assessment, we suggest comprehensive weaknesses and threat perceptions to formulate strategies to seal the gaps.


This paper will provide a brief survey of work in progress on optical and computer methods of image analysis as applied to one particular macromolecular system of biological interest. Primary attention will be paid to the axially periodic structure of isolated filaments of the protein collagen. Although the collagen structure is presently being intensively studied in term of amino acid sequence, polymorphism, relationship between amino acid sequence and axial electron density, and helical arrangement of amino acids,*-3 these aspects will not be considered here. Instead, the stained collagen fiber is regarded as a convenient general test object for image-analytic procedures, some of which will have relevance to the problem of electron imaging with minimal beam damage. It is important to have confidence in the interchangeable nature of optical and computer image processing and the first section of the paper provides a brief comparison' of image processing of a high-resolution weak phase object (actually in effect the substructure of an "amorphous" evaporated carbon support film). This successful experiment introduces the computer-plotted binary filter'." acting as a deblurring filter for the deconvolution of a weak phase image for the phasecontrast transfer function of the imaging system. The binary filter provides a means to represent any two-dimensional complex function: the flexibility of such filters is illustrated by the production and test of a matched Fourier-plane filter for the asymmetric (within 650 A) axially periodic collagen structure as seen in bright-field electron microscopy. The creation of a matched filter implies a knowledge of the repeating "motif'' and Frank' has discussed the problems of its determination in nonperiodic objects. We have calculated the structure of the collagen-repeating unit from the image on the assumption" that, at the resolution achieved, the stained electron image may be interpreted in terms of a mass-thickness distribution." We envisage that the matched filter will have value both in the detection of axially periodic images under conditions of minimal electron il1umination"l and in assigning the relative directions of the asymmetric structure in separate-and randomly directedfibers. Image reconstruction of the collagen structure is also accomplished by optical methods using a filter to transmit only the discrete diffraction orders at the Fourier plane to form the final image. Two further methods of image reconstruction for the collagen structure are also described, by in-line and off-line electron holography" followed by optical processing. The special virtue of the in-line method in connection with the reduction of electron-beam damage is that images are recorded out of focus with focus conditions that are sufficiently flexible to allow presetting. Thus micrographs of beam-sensitive specimens (assuming a distribution of similar structures across a support) can be achieved with no pre-exposure for survey or focus reasons. Other


According to the teaching experience in recent years,we conducted reforms of Signals and Systems teaching from teaching methods,teaching means and practice.Practice has proved that all the changes lead to good teaching quality and effect.


The health sector and medical technologies are of an increasing importance in society and for regional and national economies. Much like other life sciences industries, the medical devices sector relies upon specific factors and knowledge processes that shape and support its innovation capabilities and competitiveness. Previous studies have shown that growth and innovation in this sector depend on specific local factors and conditions as well as on markets and knowledge-interdependencies at higher spatial scales. There is still a research gap on the detailed nature of these driving factors and relationships, however. In this research, we have investigated these issues for the Vienna medical devices cluster that is part of the wider life sciences sector in this region. The main aims of the study were to generate insights into how different economic, knowledge- and policy conditions, and their spatial scales, interact to support and hinder development of the medical devices industry in Vienna, and to draw policy conclusions based on these findings. (authors' abstract)


Preface 1. Introduction Iain J. Gordon, Julia Martin-Ortega and Robert C. Ferrier 2. What defines ecosystem services-based approaches? Julia Martin-Ortega, Didac Jord... Capdevila, Klaus Glenk and Kirsty L. Holstead Part I. Addressing Global Challenges: 3. Assessing climate change risks and prioritising adaptation options using a water ecosystem services-based approach Samantha J. Capon and Stuart E. Bunn 4. Operationalizing an ecosystem services-based approach for managing river biodiversity Catherine M. Febria, Benjamin J. Koch and Margaret A. Palmer 5. Water for agriculture and energy: the African quest under the lenses of an ecosystem services-based approach Maher Salman and Alba Martinez Part II. Applying Frameworks for Water Management and Conservation under an Ecosystem Services-Based Approach: 6. Using ecosystem services-based approaches in integrated water resources management: perspectives from the developing world Madiodio Niasse and Jan Cherlet 7. Implementation of the European Water Framework Directive: what does taking an ecosystem services-based approach add? Kirsty L. Blackstock, Julia Martin-Ortega and Chris J. Spray 8. How useful to biodiversity conservation are ecosystem services-based approaches? Craig Leisher Part III. Assessing Ecosystem Services: 9. The first United Kingdom's National Ecosystem Assessment and beyond Marije Schaafsma, Silvia Ferrini, Amii R. Harwood and Ian J. Bateman 10. Using an ecosystem services-based approach to measure the benefits of reducing diversions of freshwater: a case study in the Murray-Darling basin, Australia Neville D. Crossman, Rosalind H. Bark, Matthew J. Colloff, Darla Hatton MacDonald and Carmel A. Pollino 11. An ecosystem services-based approach to integrated regional catchment management: the South East Queensland experience Simone Maynard, David James, Stuart Hoverman, Andrew Davidson and Shannon Mooney 12. Policy support systems for the development of benefit sharing mechanisms for water related ecosystem services Mark Mulligan, Silvia Benitez, Juan Sebastian Lozano and Jorge Leon 13. Assessing biophysical and economic dimensions of societal value: an example for water ecosystem services in Madagascar Ferdinando Villa, Rosimeiry Portela, Laura Onofri, Paulo A. L. D. Nunes and Glenn-Marie Lange 14. Rapid land use change impacts on coastal ecosystem services: a South Korean case study Hojeong Kang, Heejun Chang and Min Gon Chung Part IV. Broadening the Perspective: 15. Ecosystem services-based approaches to water management: what opportunities and challenges for business? Joel Houdet, Andrew Johnstone and Charles Germaneau 16. Key factors for successful application of ecosystem services-based approaches to water resources management: the role of stakeholder participation Jos Brils, Albert F. Appleton, Nicolaas van Everdingen and Dylan Bright 17. Cultural ecosystem services, water and aquatic environments Andrew Church, Rob Fish, Neil Ravenscroft and Lee Stapleton 18. The psychological dimension of water ecosystem services Victor Corral-Verdugo, Martha Frias-Armenta, Cesar Tapia-Fonllem and Blanca Fraijo-Sing 19. The interface between human rights and ecosystem services Stephen J. Turner 20. Water ecosystem services: moving forward Julia Martin-Ortega, Robert C. Ferrier and Iain J. Gordon.


By use of nonhydroxylic solvents, the series of disulfides of the tetravalent transition metals of the left side of the periodic table are preparable via a simple metathetical reaction: TX/sub 4/ + 2A/sub 2/S ..-->.. TS/sub 2/ + 4AX. The crystallinity of the product TS/sub 2/ depends upon T and the conditions of the reaction, and particle sizes are in the submicron range. New amorphous phases have been found. The reactivity of these materials, in particular their intercalative behavior, is contrasted with those prepared by conventional high-temperature procedures. In certain cases, it is possible to obtain dispersions of TS/sub 2/, showing the effect of solvent.


Luteoviruses, poleroviruses, and enamoviruses are insect-transmitted, agricultural pathogens that infect a wide array of staple food crops. Previous cryo-electron microscopy studies of virus-like particles indicate that luteovirid viral capsids are built from a structural coat protein that organizes with T=3 icosahedral symmetry. Here we present the crystal structure of a truncated version of the coat protein monomer from potato leafroll virus at 1.57-Å resolution. In the crystal lattice, monomers pack into flat sheets that preserve the two-fold and three-fold axes of icosahedral symmetry and show minimal structural deviations when compared to the full-length subunits of the assembled virus-like particle. These observations have important implications in viral assembly and maturation, suggesting that the CP N-terminus and its interactions with RNA serve as a key driver for generating capsid curvature.


The thermal stability of inner wall tiles with different composition and different slip fineness is studied.It is shown that the thermal stability of the feldspathic inner wall tile is better and it is useful to improve the thermal stability if the remains which can't pass through 250-mesh screen is controlled within 0.38%~0.76%.


Bayesian Networks (BNs) are graphical probabilistic models representing the joint probability function over a set of random variables using a directed acyclic graphical structure. In this paper, we consider a road accident data set collected at one of the popular highways in Iran. Implementing the well-known parents and children algorithm, as a constraint-based approach, we construct a BN model for the available accident data. Once the structure of the BN is learnt, we concentrate on the parameter-learning task. We compute the maximum-likelihood estimates of some parameters of interest, specifically, conditional probability of fatalities in the network.


Abstract When phlogopites containing only a little iron are artificially altered with sodium tetraphenylboron solutions, the vermiculite-like products contain fewer interlayer cations than the original micas. Structural formulae of the products are calculated from the chemical analyses, together with infrared examination of the angular vibration band of water at 1650 cm−1 to distinguish between water of hydration and hydroxyl groups. The formulae obtained are consistent with the weight-loss curves and show that the products contain, more than 4(OH,F) per formula unit. The interpretation of these formulae is that the silicate layers lose net negative charge by protonation of structural oxygen anions to form new hydroxyl groups.


We wish to report a new method for attaching double-stranded DNA fragments to a solid support using DNA ligase. In a first step, a palindromic oligonucleotide containing a cohesive end (Xho 1, for example) is covalently linked via its loop to a Sepharose matrix. In a second step, a ds oligonucleotide with compatible cohesive ends (Xho I) possessing the sequence of interest is directly ligated in tandem to this primed matrix. The synthesis of the anchored 39-mer is accomplished by incorporating activated T residue (tT) (1) within the loop during the synthetic cycle (Scheme). The fully protected oligodeoxynucleotide A is condensed with 1,6-diamino- hexane in step 1 giving ES, which is then deprotected, classically purified and finally condensed to an N-hydroxysuccinimide-activated-Sepharose support as shown in step 2 to give a (2). The hairpin sequence is designed in order to facilitate the enzymatic ligation of DNA duplexes having a 3' protruding Xho I end; the extent of ligation can be easily measured by enzymatic cleavage using EcoR I or Hpa II. The direct tandem ligation of a ds oligonucleotide possessing an Xho I site typically results in 100 9g of DNA bound per mL of matrix for oligonucleotides between 20 to 40 base pairs in length (30-40% ligation yield). This protocol provides a "universal" matrix to which any DNA duplex possessing compatible ends can be attached. Contrarly to current techniques involving activation of Sepharose by CNBr, our method provides a reproductible and innocuous way for tethering a DNA duplex onto a solid support at a single point. We have used it for attaching concatemers of a self-complementary deoxyoligomer (37-mer)


This study aimed at observing the anatomy traits,microstructure and ultrastructure of the testes of the ostrich chicks and investigating the distribution of neuropeptide Y(NPY)immunoreactivity positive substance.Light and transmission electron microscopical methods were used to observe the morphological structure of ostrich testes.The location of NPY in the testes of the ostrich chicks was studied with immunohistochemical method,SABC.The results of the present study were as follows:there was albuginea composed of tenacious connective tissue on the surface of the ostrich testes,but the connective tissue in the testes was not abundant,and there were not mediastinum testis and lobules of testis in ostrich testis.The diameter of the seminiferous tubule of ninety days ostrich was 85-90 μm.The seminiferous epithelium was composed of sustentacular cells and one or two layers spermatogenic cell.The spermatogenous cells began to cleavage and generation,and the phase of cleavage was saw obviously.The primary spermatocytes was bigger,but few and were smaller the nuclei.There were less mitochondria,free ribosome and endoplasmic reticulum in the intracytoplasm of the spermatogenous cells,and the nuclear pores were obvious.There were abundant cell organs in the intracytoplasm of the primary spermatocytes.The sustentacular cells contained more free ribosome,but other cell organs in them were not abundant.There was clear margin between the sustentacular cells and the spermatogenous cells.The shape of leydig cells was irregular,and the number of lipid droplet was major in the leydig cells.The results of immunohistochemistry test showed NPY immunoreactivity positive substance was distributed in the periphery of seminiferous tubule and small vessels of the testes,spermatocyte and interstitial tissue of testis.


Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Society of Critical Care Medicine. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. Evidence of Steroids in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Coronavirus Disease 2019


One of the main goals of the experiments involving high-energy heavy-ion collisions is to create a high-temperature state of matter where quarks and gluons, the basic constituents of matter, are no longer confined inside hadrons (like protons and neutrons). This state of matter is commonly referred to as the quark gluon plasma (QGP). Such a de-confined state of matter will allow us to study properties like shear viscosity, thermal conductivity and diffusion for a thermodynamic system of quarks and gluons – a study that would not have been otherwise possible using a system of commonly observed hadrons in nature. It is like properties of hydrogen and oxygen that cannot necessarily be gauged by studying the properties of water. Both hydrogen and oxygen facilitate burning in contrast to that of water. There are compelling evidences that collisions of gold and lead nuclei at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) facility at CERN respectively, have produced such a de-confined state of matter, thereby providing a unique opportunity to study the properties of a thermodynamic system of quarks and gluons. For a system slightly away from equilibrium, according to the linear theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, the thermodynamic fluxes are proportional to the thermodynamic forces. The proportionality constants are known as the transport coefficients. Table 1 shows the thermodynamic fluxes and thermodynamic forces with their corresponding transport coefficients. Shear viscosity arises in a fluid when a velocity gradient is present. The shear viscosity coefficient η is a measure of how a fluid will flow under an applied force. The inverse of η is called fluidity. For a dynamic system as formed in the high-energy heavy-ion collisions, collective phenomena such as the flow of produced particles due to pressure gradients created in the system have been observed. These experimental data are then confronted with results from a viscous hydrodynamic modelling of the collisions to extract a dimensionless quantity, the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio (η /s) (ref. 2), where the flow in experimental data is quantified in terms of asymmetry in the momentum distribution of the produced particles. The hydrodynamic model is an effective theory that describes the slow long-wavelength motion of a fluid close to equilibrium. This is the most common approach used to extract η/s. Figure 1 shows a representative plot of a particular set (with different η/s values) of viscous hydrodynamic calculations compared to most recent highstatistics measurements from the experiments at RHIC and LHC. A small value of η/s reflects a high degree of fluidity; hence it is logical to ask if there is any lower bound to this number. In other words, how perfect can a fluid be? A lower bound on η/s can be obtained from quantum mechanical considerations. For a system of quasi particles, the shear viscosity is η ~ ετmft, where ε is the energy density and τmft is the typical mean free time. The entropy density is given as s ~ κB n, where κB is the Boltzmann constant and n is the number density. This implies η/s ~ ετmft/κBn. Considering ε/n as the average energy per particle and using uncertainty relation between energy and time, one finds η/s > h/2πκB. In addition, using string theoretical ideas it can be shown that η/s for strongly interacting quantum fluids has the value h/8πκB (ref. 4). The current status of extraction of shear viscosity to entropy density ratio (η/s) from high-energy heavy-ion collision experimental data and theoretical studies is summarized in Figure 2. The references to various calculations/measurements are given in the figure itself. Diverse estimates suggest that at both RHIC and LHC energies the value of η/s is less than four times the conjectured quantum bound. It is lower than that for liquid helium at its critical temperature, indicating that the system formed in the high-energy heavy-ion collisions is strongly coupled having the highest degree of fluidity per entropy. Even though


EUV photons expose photoresists by complex interactions including photoionization to create primary electrons (~80 eV), and subsequent ionization steps that create secondary electrons (10-60 eV). The mechanisms by which these electrons interact with resist components are key to optimizing the performance of EUV resists and EUV lithography as a whole. As these photoelectrons and secondary electrons are created, they deposit their energy within the resist, creating ionized atoms along the way. Because many photo- and secondary electrons can escape the resist through the surface, resists can become charged. Charging and energy deposition profiles within the resist may play a role in the sensitivity and line-edge roughness of EUV resists. In this paper, we present computational analysis of charging-influenced electron behavior in photoresists using LESiS (Low energy Electron Scattering in Solids), a software developed to understand and model electron-matter interactions. We discuss the implementation of charge and tracking and the model used to influence electron behavior. We also present the potential effects of charging on EUV and electron beam lithography by investigating secondary electron blur in charging and non-charging models.


:The damp and heat aging life expectancy of two industrial CSPE moistureproof coating has been reckoned. Considering the factors of water temperature of entrance exit, environment temperature , radiation and average-weighted exit water temperature of cooling tower, it is obtained that the life expectancy of two industrial CSPE coating is 26 and 14 years respectively in working at average temperature 30.3℃.


The present invention discloses a graft-modified organic chemistry and belonging to the friction surface modification art methods to reduce the friction coefficient of the surface modification. The first method is by ultraviolet irradiation treatment or plasma activation of the friction surface, the friction surface coated with a silane solution several times, chemically modified; the friction in the desired lubricant different conditions, such that the modified after the friction state in sufficient lubrication; friction work. The method may be simple, easy to reduce the coefficient of friction of about one order of magnitude on the basis of the original, and having a good friction reducing effect over a long period of time, may be applied to the various requirements of reducing friction surface grinding.


Improvements to heavy and light flavor energy loss models based on strong-coupling physics in quark-gluon plasma lead to qualitative agreement between the models and data from RHIC and LHC within the regimes of applicability of the calculations. Thus it is possible to describe self-consistently the dynamics of quark-gluon plasma from the lowest observed momentum modes to the highest from the AdS/CFT correspondence.


Based on the least square smooth filter of the target's bearing sequence,the law of smooth interval and smooth precition is found and the application of controlled smooth filter to determining target's moving element is studied.Validity of the method is illustrated.


A 62-year-old female complained of exertional dyspnoea associated with occasional wheeze over the past 10 years. She could not identify any trigger factors such as exposure to cold air, exercise or respiratory tract infections. She was treated empirically for bronchial asthma by her family physician with inhaled Salbutamol and inhaled Fluticasone without much relief in symptoms. She also recently complained of mild dysphagia on swallowing large boluses of food. There was no associated chest pain, weight loss or dyspepsia. The patient worked as a seamstress and was a non-smoker. Physical exam was remarkable for expiratory wheeze, which was monophonic. Her voice was normal and there was no associated cervical adenopathy or goitre on neck examination. A fl ow-volume loop showed variable intrathoracic upper airway obstruction (Fig. 1A). Spirometry was normal. The chest radiograph is as shown in Figure 1B. What is the diagnosis causing her symptoms? A. Intrathoracic goitre B. Paratracheal lymadenopathy C. Aortic aneurysm D. Vascular ring E. Teratoma The computed tomography scan of the chest (Fig. 2) confi rmed a right-sided aorta associated with a diverticulum of Kommerell, an aberrant left subclavian artery and the left carotid artery forming a vascular ring. Bronchoscopy showed a mild stricture of the mid-trachea due to extrinsic compression. Therefore this patient has congenital vascular ring anomaly causing narrowing and displacement of the trachea and esophagus resulting in dyspnoea and dysphagia lusoria.


The ab-initio quantum mechanical calculations (time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) method) of a series of ruthenium complexes have been carried out to compute electric dipole moment (μ), dispersion-free and frequency-dependent first hyperpolarizability (β) values. The one-photon absorption (OPA) characterizations have been also theoretically investigated by means of configuration interaction (CI) method. Our calculated results on the maximum OPA wavelengths and second-order hyperpolarizabilities are in good agreement with the observed values in the literature. According to the results of the TDHF calculations, the investigated molecules exhibit non-zero β values, and they might have microscopic second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) behaviour. We also give the computational results of the frequency-dependent second-order susceptibilities (χ(2)) for the examined compounds. The calculated results on dynamic (χ(2)) are quite consistent with the previous experimental observations.


Self-monitoring of measurement systems is usually restricted to the electrical part. In practice, however, most disturbances occur at the interface between the primary front-end sensor and the measurement object; this interface usually is not monitored. A distinction has to be made between self-monitoring measurement systems for product automation and for process automation. In process automation, systems are very complex, only one configuration exists, and engineering effort is limited. As a simple solution without much engineering, measurement systems should be related to or coupled with neighboring actors. Static behavior is sufficient, without any need for complex dynamic analysis.


In this paper, we propose a dual-calibration technique to improve the matching accuracy of digital-to-analog converter (DAC) elements and improve nonlinearity induced static errors in a current-steering thermometer DAC. The novelty of the proposed dual-calibration scheme lies in obtaining best samples from the error distribution using redundancy for improved matching followed by adaptively reordering these samples to reduce error accumulation. This technique exploits the 2-D nature of the DAC to achieve lower calibration time. We consider the statistical basis for each of these methods and demonstrate statistical modeling of the proposed technique. We demonstrate a 38% reduction in differential nonlinearity (DNL) and 55% reduction in integral nonlinearity (INL) through simulations. We fabricated an 8-bit current steering thermometer DAC in Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company 65-nm CMOS process. With only 2 redundant cells per row, we show an improvement of 36% in DNL and 50% in INL from the measurement of 16 chips over the baseline DAC.


Twenty-seven years after the inception of Bulletin of Development Planning (BPP) or 'Buletin Perencanaan Pembangunan' in 1990, the Ministry of National Development Planning decided to transform the outlet into a well-accredited journal by revamping its content and to renew the brand.
The first edition of the journal was published in 1990 by the then Minister of Development Planning/Head of Bappenas Professor Saleh Afiff. It lasted for two years, and between 1992-1994 it operated without a new publication. In late 1994, the new Minister, Professor Ginandjar Kartasasmita, took the initiative to reissue and reformat the publication to Magazine of Development Planning (MPP) or 'Majalah Perencanaan Pembangunan'. The magazine resumed publication in 2016.
This year, Minister Bambang Brodjonegoro issued Ministerial Decree No. 33/M.PPN/HK/03/2017 which is aimed to make the journal a solid academic basis for Bridging Knowledge to Policy—a foundation to ensure a sound and credible policymaking process.
Now called The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning, 'the Journal', or  'Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan' (JPP), the Board of Editors has decided that the Journal is a publication to promote Bappenas' role as a government think tank.
Bappenas realizes that the current government must be able to follow the progress of civilization, and to provide greater benefits for its people through the policies generated by science. Consequently, there is a great need for government think tanks that play a major role in accelerating the development of a country.
A government think tank basically serves as a bridge between science and government policy and is able to transform science into policy research so as to produce recommendations and policy solutions in the form of proven programs or regulations.
Particularly since late 20th century, government think tanks were able to provide benefits to many developed countries; South Korea is among the example. One of the world's economic giants, the once Japan-colonized South Korea has incarnated from a backward country with per capita income of only US$ 103 in 1964 to a big economy with a per capita income of US$ 25,000 in 2016.
What makes the country a powerhouse in world economy? One of the dominant factors is the long- and medium-term development scenario and well-orchestrated strategy by the government-owned think tank, the Korean Development Institute (KDI). KDI plays a conductor role in bringing together all of Korea's potentials, synergizing every government agency to develop and implement public policies.
KDI – which formulates a strategic plan that includes research investment, hightech development and provision of infrastructure – builds a strong manufacturing industry and improves the quality of human resources. It becomes a smooth bridge in delivering the stock of science to be synergized and implemented through government policy.
In the early days of its inception and of Korea's modern development, KDI tended to rely on expert judgment methods from scholars. As time went by, KDI grew to further accommodate all modern think tank tools ranging from research, working papers, discussion sheets, development reports, evaluation studies, and book publishing and policy journals. KDI formulated an integrated development plan that maximized Korea's potential; followed by a consistent implementation of the plan by the government.
In developed countries, think tank influences both the government-affiliated and private sector. Top universities in the United States, Britain, Australia and European countries are the largest suppliers of think tanks.
Global Go To Think Tank Index (2013) stated that the United States has the most number of think tank institutions with 1828; followed by China (426), Britain (287), India (268) and Germany (194). Regionally, as many as 1984 think tanks exist in North America, 1818 in Europe, 1201 in Asia, 662 in Latin America, 612 in Sub-Saharan Africa, and 511 in the Middle East and North Africa.
What about Indonesia? There are 27 think tanks in the country, one of which is the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) run by the government. In the central government structure, the functions of think tank are run by the Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas, which duties include policy review in the field of development planning, facilitation of central and regional agencies, and cooperation with universities.
However, if one compare the quality of Bappenas with developed think tanks, then the former is still left far behind.
The ministry, thus, is working to change that. JPP is one of the efforts to support the implementation of knowledge-based policy and bridging knowledge to policy. The Board of Editors is doing all they can to make the JPP strong in analysis and policy recommendations that contain tangible suggestions to be made by each level of government, whether central, provincial, or district / city.
For this edition, the Board of Editors presents a collection of manuscripts that carry the values above. All texts in the JPP are analyses accompanied by tangible policy recommendations, with sufficiently varied fields. There are themes of coal commodities, electrical energy, science and techno park development, planning and budgeting with gender mainstreaming, water mix, and discussion on government think tanks.


This paper investigates a new class of coupled and continuous (CGC) perpendicular media consisting of CoCrPt-SiO2 granular layer with magnetically-decoupled small grains. This paper describes the role of inter-granular exchange coupling in the recording performance of CGC media structure.


In this paper we present simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic observations of He 2-467 in the infrared, optical and satellite ultraviolet. It is found that He 2-467 consists of a G6 III star and a very hot (T∼2 10 5 K), luminous (L∼5 10 3 L ⊙ ) and compact (R∼0.06 R ⊙ ) companion. The reddening is found to be E B−V =0.35 and the distance d=2.0 kpc. The G6 III star does not fill its Roche lobe and the hot companion temperature and luminosity cannot be sustained by accretion from the late-type giant wind.


Minimal Nodal Domains for Strictly Elliptic Partial Differential Equations with Homogeneous Boundary Conditions by Charles E. Miller, Doctor of Philosophy Utah State University, 2006 Major Professor: Dr. Zhi-Qiang Wang Department: Mathematics and Statistics iii This work presents a proof of the dependence of the first eigenvalue for uniformly elliptic partial differential equations on the domain in a less abstract setting than that of Ivo Babushka and Rudolf Vyborny in 1965. The proof contained here, under rather mild conditions on the boundary of the domain , 80, demonstrates that the first eigenvalue of elliptic partial differential equation { Lu+ >..u = 0 in u=O on n an depends continuously on the domain in the following sense . If a sequence of domains is such that ni --+ n in ~n , then the corresponding first eigenvalues satisfy Ai --+ .>.. and .>.. is the first eigenvalue for { Lu+ >..u = 0 in U= 0 on n 80 The work also reviews and utilizes the Sturmian comparison results of John G. Heywood , E. S. Noussair, and Charles A. Swanson. For a continuously parameterized family of domains , say flμ with μ E I = [a, b], the continuous dependence of the eigenvalue on the domain combined with the Sturmian comparison results provide a theorem that insures, under certain conditions, that the elliptic partial differential equation


Guilt is like this: you're eating breakfast and the oatmeal doesn't taste like anything, so you add more jam, and it's your grandma's black raspberry jam, from when she was still alive, there's still jars and jars of it. You put your spoon down and rub the scruff on your chin and it hits you, that image again, her silent shriveled face, that gape. I ask her does she want a Popsicle, she hasn't eaten or drank anything besides ice in days, and she can't talk anymore, but I think I see her chin move, and I rush over to the freezer, which flavor, which flavor, I don't have time to ask her, time to wait for an answer, a nonanswer. I pick the red because it's my favorite, and Gil and Irene knock and then come in, they're the main hands on our dairy farm, and we cut off pieces of it with a butter knife and stick them between her teeth and leave the rest melting in a bowl, all of us with chairs pulled up around her, watching her not move, she's the goddamn baby Jesus dying in a manger. And the guilty part is, I had asked my grandma what she was hanging on for, anyways. Just days before. And I told her I didn't respect her. And once when we were coming back from the hospital, I missed an exit and got us lost, and we ended up going right by a restaurant where she and Grandpa ate on their honeymoon. I took her in, and she ordered all this food and then didn't eat it. I guess the food had gotten worse through the years. I was annoyed, and flicked a french fry at her, all covered in ketchup. And I'm a grown man. It bounced off her glasses. And you know how good she is? She didn't say a word. Irene brings a Crock-Pot of chili for me, and when their baby turned out to have a genetic disease, I didn't give them anything. I thought about it, but I couldn't figure out what to give that fit right with the situation.