As a tumor involved in the urinary system, bladder cancer (BC) seriously threatens human health. Emerging as crucial biomarkers, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the regulation of many cancers. lncRNA NNT‐AS1 has been studied in a series of cancers, whereas its role and potential molecular mechanism was poorly understood in BC. Here, we found that NNT‐AS1 was upregulated in BC cells. Functionally, the silencing of NNT‐AS1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and endothelial‐mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, the apoptosis of BC cells was induced upon NNT‐AS1 knockdown. Later, miR‐1301‐3p, the downstream gene of NNT‐AS1, was found at a low level in BC cells. In addition, we found that miR‐1301‐3p targeted to PODXL. PODXL expression downregulated in NNT‐AS1‐silenced cells was restored by miR‐1301‐3p inhibition. Importantly, NNT‐AS1 was discovered to activate Wnt pathway, and the treatment of LiCl recovered the repressive role of NNT‐AS1 silencing in BC cell growth. Through restoration assays, we observed that PODXL overexpressing countervailed NNT‐AS1 depletion‐mediated suppression on BC cell growth and Wnt pathway. These data suggested that NNT‐AS1 enhances BC cell growth and activates Wnt pathway by targeting miR‐1301‐3p/PODXL axis.


To solve the problem of the robust prediction of neural networks, the paper proposed a universal method of nonlinear model identification. The method is based on the nonlinear partial autocorrelation. It could determine the order of nonlinear auto regression by investigating the irreducible dependence between current quantities of time series and high order historical quantities. Computer simulations perfectly supported our idea.


The excellent potential of benefit waqf has not been fully realized since nāẓir or the community failed to develop a strategy and did not innovate enough on the advantages of waqf and its administration. One of the successful principals in administering benefits waqf is the Tazakka Modern Boarding School with its innovation and programs on endowment benefits. This study intends to identify the benefit waqf development approach for Tazakka Modern Boarding School for economic independence. With a descriptive strategy, this study employs a qualitative methodology. The results of this study demonstrate that the development of benefit waqf in Tazakka is advantageous for economic independence with three distinct benefit waqf categories. So, for future researchers to be able to discuss professional nāẓir with good management and strategy, to maximize the potential and role of beneficial waqf in improving the economy and people's welfare.


The trauma patient is an injured person who requires timely diagnosis and treatment of actual or potential injuries by a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals to diminish or eliminate the risk of death or permanent disability.1 Because time is an important element of trauma system delivery, rapid transport of the patient with severe injury to definitive care is a cornerstone of modern trauma care.2 In clinical practice, the primary factors that contribute to reduced patient mortality are reduced prehospital time, treatment at a tertiary center, and direct transport from the scene to tertiary centers.3 One of the variables tracked in the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) is prehospital time by emergency medical services. The NTDB is the largest trauma registry and data collection in the United States, and annual reports are electronically published on the web site of the American College of Surgeons.4 The purpose of this study is to longitudinally evaluate the nature of these prehospital times. Because minimizing prehospital time has been an ongoing focus surrounding the delivery of emergency medical services, the hypothesis is that prehospital times have had decreasing trends over time. In this retrospective cohort study from 2008 to 2011, the median prehospital time was obtained from the NTDB for 17 defined categories of traumatic mechanisms and for different Injury Severity Scores (ISSs).4 Categories that included ''other'' were omitted from the analyses. These trauma categories were a mix of blunt and penetrating mechanisms. Simple linear regression was then performed with the calendar year as the independent variable and the median prehospital time as the dependent variable for each traumatic mechanism. Nonparametric statistics were performed for outcomes using an a 4 0.05 for statistical significance. From 2008 to 2011, there were 1,095,115 patients evaluated. For the 17 defined categories of traumatic mechanisms, the median change in prehospital time was +4 minutes (interquartile range: +2 to +7 minutes). Simple linear regression analyses using the calendar year as the independent variable and the median prehospital time as the dependent variable showed that there were three of 17 (17.6%) traumatic mechanisms with a negative slope for the least-squares regression line: motor vehicle, overexertion, and suffocation. There were zero of three (0.0%) mechanisms with statistically significant negative slopes for the leastsquares regression line. There were 14 of 17 (82.3%) traumatic mechanisms with a positive slope for the


This study aims to analyze the arrangements regarding the inheritance rights of children of different religions according to code of Civil law and Islamic law and settlement efforts regarding the distribution of inheritance rights of children of different religions according to Islamic law and code of Civil law.The results showed that the regulation regarding the inheritance rights of children of different religions according to Islamic law is regulated in the hadith and KHI in which non-Muslim children are not entitled to inheritance. However, in practice, in court decisions the judge still gives a share of the inheritance to children of different religions based on a compulsory will. This is against the requirements of Islam and KHI. However, the decision to grant the inheritance is to realize justice, benefit and legal certainty infamily life.Meanwhile, wills are used by judges in court decisions regarding the distribution of inheritance assets.
Keywords: Inheritance Rights; Children Of Different Religions; Code of Civil law


But forget her? No. She had such a breathless and startled expression, always, anytime you looked at her or asked her to recite. The sharp intake of breath and bashful apology at not knowing the answer were enough. You just forgave her. She was tall, mature, yet high-hipped and lean, a woman, even in tenth grade. And you could only surmise that "this one time" she wasn't pre pared, that anyone so lovely knew but had a perfectly good reason for not knowing. Not thinking about her for 10 or 11 years is different from forgetting all about her. Who else during these 10 years has forgiven her? Who else has known that such a tall and lovely, startled and breathless, shy and reserved lady couldn't be doing any fundamentally wrong thing or harm ing anyone? Or neglecting any thing? Or be really less than she appears? Who else besides me


Background: Psychoeducation is an effective way for people with diabetes mellitus in order to get good blood glucose control and increase motivation to recovery DM patient's. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of psychoeducation on the motivation of recovery and patient's blood glucose. Methods: This research used quasy experimental pre post test with control group design. The population of this research is all DM patient's in the area of Puskesmas Peterongan with 17 respondents of the sample for each groups. The technique of collecting sampling is purposive sampling. The variable of this research are: psychoeducation, motivation and motivation of recovery and patient's blood glucose. The way of collecting data is by using questionnaire and laboratory test. Result and analysis: The results showed that psychoeducation did not affect the motivation to recover DM patient's in either the intervention group or the control group, and blood glucose in DM patient's according to the wilcoxon test, the motivation score for intervention group (p=0,863 (p<0,05)), control group (p=0,677 (p<0,05)) and mann-whitney test (p=0,909 (p>0,05)). The second result shows that psychoeducation had an effect on blood glucose in patient's with DM in the intervention group but had no effect on the control group, according to the Wilcoxon test results, the blood glucose score for intervention group (p=0,003 (p<0,05)), control group (p=0,163 (p>0,05)) and mann-whitney test (p=0,080 (p>0,05)). Discuss and conclusion: Psychoeducation can improve blood glucose control quite well, but still needs integration with other components related to treatment and care in DM patients. Psychoeducation is not significant enough to increase the motivation to recover DM patients but with an increase in knowledge and psychology, it is hoped that they will be able to increase their motivation to support increased self-care abilities, change behavior and have activities in order to maintain glycemic control. Keyword: Psychoeducation, Motivation, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus


The fabrication of buried ridge DFB lasers on semi-insulating substrates is described. A novel contacting mechanism was employed to give a series resistance of less than 4 Omega . Devices were fabricated at both 1.3 and 1.53 mu m with lasing thresholds as low as 16 mA. Single longitudinal mode operation was achieved with SMSR greater than 30 dB at both wavelengths. The structure gives an inherently low capacitance, which together with low threshold currents, low series resistance and fabrication on SI substrates makes these devices suitable for integration and high speed applications.


We consider Volterra-type integration operators $T_g$ between Bergman spaces induced by weights $\omega$ satisfying a doubling property. We derive estimates for the operator norms, essential and weak essential norms of $T_g: A_\omega^p \to A_\omega^q$, $0<p\leq q<\infty$. In particular, the operator $T_g: A_\omega^1\to A_\omega^1$ is weakly compact if and only if it is compact.


OBJECTIVE: To study the induction and growth of Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils.var.biloba Rehd.et Wils. callus and to compare the content of active components in callus from different sources.METHODS: The factors influencing the induction and growth of Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils.var.biloba Rehd.et Wils. callus were studied by single factor analysis and orthogonal design. The contents of active components in callus from different sources were determined by HPLC. RESULTS: In the various explants, the apical buds and stem fragments exhibited the best ability of dedifferentiation to form callus, followed by pistils. The optimum culture medium of the callus induction was B5+NAA0.1 mg·L-1+6-BA1.0 mg·L-1, while the culture medium B5+NAA0.5 mg·L-1+6-BA4.0 mg·L-1 markedly improved the growth of the callus; after secondary culture of the callus induced by the WPM basic medium, the total content of Magnolol plus Honokiol ranged from 0.167 9% to 0.234 4%, but the induction rate of the callus was low at 33.08%~48.65%. Under the culture condition of MS+NAA0.5 mg·L-1+6-BA1.0 mg·L-1,the rate of callus induction was 62.12% and the total content of Magnolol plus Honokiol after secondary culture was 0.168 6%. CONCLUSION: The results serve as reference in the tissue culture of Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils.var.biloba Rehd.et Wils and the screening of the high production cell line.


This paper gives an account of some techniques for designing recursive frequency-selective filters which can be applied to data sequences of limited duration which may be nonstationary. The designs are based on the Wiener-Kolmogorov theory of signal extraction which employs a statistical model of the processes generating the data. The statistical model may be regarded as an heuristic device which is designed with a view to ensuring that the resulting signal-extraction filters have certain preconceived properties.


We present error analysis of fully discrete Galerkin finite element methods for the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations with the temporal gauge, where a linearized backward Euler scheme is used for the time discretization. We prove that the convergence rate is O(τ+hr) if the finite element space of piecewise polynomials of degree r is used. Due to the degeneracy of the problem, the convergence rate is one order lower than the optimal convergence rate of finite element methods for parabolic equations. Numerical examples are provided to support our theoretical analysis.


Making using of the method of least square and partial least squares regression,and performing contrastive analysis of the relations between expansive soil surface fracture parameters under drying and watering cycle action,and some relevant calculation formulas are deduced.It turns out that partial least squares regression method is more close to the measured values than fitting parameters relationship of least square method,and establishing calculation model under the condition of strong correlation of independent variable,and more efficiently solving multicollinearity problem between variables,and it has guiding significance analysis on geotechnical parameters problem.


Taras Mosiychuk Theoretical economics subdepartment post-graduate student State Higher Educational Establishment Vadym Hetman Kyiv National Economic University Kyiv, Ukraine E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT. The article examines impact of human resources availability in post-socialist economy on its rate of economic growth in conditions of high dependency on the import of intellectual labour products from developed countries. The thesis about meaningful constraints, which active involvement of European post-socialist countries in the international system of labour division impacts on the ability of such countries to overcome the lack of human assets in the medium term, is substantiated. Two legitimate reasons of such restrictions are identified in the article. A regular concentration of economic management functions that require the most highly skilled performers in economically developed countries is called the first cause. The institutional shortcomings of post-socialist countries, where social sphere was not transformed into a source of competitive advantage for national business is called the second cause. Received: January, 2014 1st Revision: April, 2014 Accepted: May, 2014


A high-performance Karhunen-Loeve transform for multi-spectral imagery suitable for remote-sensing applications has been prototyped on a platform FPGA, by means of a PC-based development board. Performance estimates suggest that the design will already outperform implementation on a high-end microprocessor, given due attention to I/O (input/output). General conclusions are reached for the utility of this architecture for fine-grained parallel processing, when the design is extended to massively parallel processing.


Colorectal cancer is the world's 3 rd most frequent malignant neoplasm and the 4 th most common cancer in Iraq. Leptin and Adiponectin are two major Adipocytokines produced by adipose cells that have opposite effects on the formation of colorectal tumors. Leptin induces tumor growth and metastasis, whereas Adiponectin inhibits it. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D controls and limits cancer cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Vitamin C deficiency, on the other hand, has been regularly detected in cancer tissues and has potent anti-cancer properties. The purpose of this study was to look at the biochemical role of circulatory Adipocytokine levels (Adiponectin and Leptin) as well as the anti-cancer potentials of Vitamin D and C in CRC patients from Iraq. The research looked at confirmed cases of CRC who were seen at Nanakali Hospital for Blood diseases and Cancer in Erbil before their treatment sessions. A total of 35 patients with confirmed CRC cases and 36 healthy participants who were age, gender, and BMI matched were recruited. ELISA technique was used to quantify serum levels of Adiponectin, Leptin, Vitamin D, & C. The results showed a significant increase ( P <0.0001) of serum Adiponectin levels (12.06±1.59) in CRC patients relative to the controls (2.05±0.96). On the contrary, the serum Leptin levels (24.09±2.92) were non-significantly lower ( P =0.098) in CRC patients in comparison to controls (53.84±1.54). Furthermore, serum Vitamin D (13.14±1.21) and Vitamin C (1.03±0.10) levels in CRC patients were significantly lower ( P <0.0001) when compared to controls (24.49±1.47, 5.78±2.16), respectively. The findings in the current study suggest an imperative biochemical role of Adipocytokines (Adiponectin and Leptin) and Adipose tissue dysfunction in the pathogenesis of CRC patients. Furthermore, decreased serum levels of Vitamin D and C reduce their effective anti-cancer effects, allowing Colorectal malignant neoplasms to survive and develop. Thus, the present study findings suggest Adiponectin and Leptin as potent prognostic and risk factors of CRCs. Also, Vitamin D and C deficiencies are the major risk factors among Iraqi CRC patients.


For weighted approximation in L p -norm, we determine strongly asymptotic orders for the average errors of both function approximation and derivative approximation by the Bernstein operators sequence on the r -fold integrated Wiener space.


Abstract Background Real-world data regarding clinical outcomes associated with first-line pembrolizumab (pembro) monotherapy among specific subgroups of NSCLC patients are lacking. Methods A comprehensive clinicopathological database of patients with NSCLC and PD-L1>50% treated with frontline pembro in 14 centers in Italy, Spain, Greece and Switzerland was retrospectively created. Post-progression outcomes have been previously reported. Clinical outcomes in specific subgroups of interest are presented in the current report. Analysis was performed using the SAS 9.3 software. Multivariate analysis was performed with the Cox regression model. Results Among 173 eligible patients, median age at diagnosis was 68 years, 65% were male, 88% were current or former smokers, 25% had an ECOG PS > =2, histology was 67% adeno, 21% squamous, 20% had brain mets, 15% had liver mets at diagnosis and 28% received steroids at the beginning and/or during treatment. Thirty patients (17.4%) received pembro despite having non-metastatic disease (stage I-IIIC), as deemed medically inoperable or ineligible for definite chemo-radiotherapy. Hazard Ratios for OS, with corresponding 95% CIs and p-values for specific subgroups were as follows: Elderly patients ( >70 years): HR = 0.85 (0.52-1.38), p = 0.51; Brain mets: HR = 1.17 (0.63-2.18), p = 0.63; Stage I-IIIC: HR = 0.56 (0.22-1.39), p = 0.21; PS > =2: HR = 1.73 (1.55-1.84), p  Conclusions Real-world data in a large retrospective cohort of patients with NSCLC and PD-L1>50% indicate that 1) Pembro frontline is also active in inoperable stage I-IIIC patients, 2) Elderly patients (>70 years) derive similar survival benefit to younger ones, except from those with PS > =2, 3) Steroid use at the beginning and/or during treatment is associated with a three-fold increase in the risk of death. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure G. Mountzios: Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: AstraZeneca Greece; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche Hellas; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Boehringer Greece; Honoraria (self), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Pfizer Hellas; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Bristol-Myers Squibb; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: MSD Hellas; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Astellas; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Novartis Greece. G. Banna: Advisory / Consultancy: Janssen; Advisory / Consultancy: Boehringer; Advisory / Consultancy: Roche; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: BMS; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: AstraZeneca; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Pierre Fabre; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Ipsen. A. Christopoulou: Honoraria (institution), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: MSD; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: PFIZER; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Sanofi; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: BMS; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: NOVARTIS. H. Linardou: Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: AstraZeneca; Honoraria (self): Boehringer ; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: BMS; Honoraria (self), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Merck; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: MSD; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Novartis; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche. A. Calles: Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: AstraZeneca; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Boehringer; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Pfizer; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Roche; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Lilly; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Novartis; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: MSD; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: BMS. A. Addeo: Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: MSD; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Roche ; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: AstraZeneca; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Takeda; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: BMS. P.A. Kosmidis: Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Pfizer; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: MSD; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: BMS; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Novartis; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Leo. M.C. Garassino: Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Lilly; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche ; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: PFIZER; Honoraria (self): MEDSCAPE; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): AstraZeneca; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): MSD Hellas; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): BMS; Research grant / Funding (institution): Clovis; Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Research grant / Funding (institution): Otsuka; Research grant / Funding (institution): Bayer; Research grant / Funding (institution): Novartis; Research grant / Funding (institution): Boehringer; Research grant / Funding (institution): GSK. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


Polycrystalline Bi1∕2Sr1∕2FeO3 was synthesized by solid state reaction method. Powder x-ray diffraction pattern of the sample was fitted using a noncentrosymmetric rhombohedral crystal system of space group R3c. The sample was found to be free from any secondary phases. This single phase material exhibits simultaneously ferrimagnetism and ferroelectricity with magnetic and electrical Curie transitions at TCM=745K and TCE=465K, respectively. Origin of this spontaneous magnetic order is discussed using the superexchange interaction between Fe ions. The observed ferroelectric polarization is explained based on the spontaneous ordering of 6s2 lone pair electrons of Bi3+ ions and a possible coexistence of charge-ordering of site- and bond-centered types.


In high plant cells,vacuoles play important roles in a variety of cellular events,including cell division,morphogenesis,and signal transduction.These intracellular structures undergo dynamic changes in their shapes and functions during cell division and differentiation,and to analyze these sequential structural changes,the vital labeling technique,using the green-fluorescent protein or other fluorescent proteins,has commonly been used to follow the localization and translocation of specific proteins.To visualize vacuoles,the tonoplast-intrinsic proteins and syntaxin-related proteins are available for selecting the appropriate fluorescent-protein fusion partner for vacuolar imaging.In addition,three-dimensional reconstruction methods are indispensable for localizing the widely distributed organelles within the cell.The maximum intensity projection method is suitable for cytoskeletal structures,while contour-based surface modeling possesses many advantages for vacuolar membranes.In this article,we summarize the plant vacuoles and the recent progress in living cell imaging of the plant vacuoles using various fusions with green-fluorescent proteins and three-dimensional imaging techniques.


The city of Rijeka (Croatia) developed from the old Tarsatica on the right and the newer Susak on the left side of the River Rjecina right on the river's mouth in the Adriatic Sea. The Rjecina was the driver of the city, it moved mills, supplied the city with drinking water (and still does) and along its flow the first manufacture, and later industrial plants of this city in development, were raised. Today these areas and industrial buildings along the Rjecina mostly do not fulfil their primary function and are waiting for their conversion and re-integration in the life of the city. This paper will show plans as well as already undertaken regulation, restoration and revitalisation works in the riverbed and the riversides of the Rjecina. These solutions try to achieve social benefits by connecting the city and its citizens with " their" river and the natural environment, valorise the areas along the river as well as the industrial and architectural heritage.


The understanding of ovarian malignancy pathogenesis has greatly increased with identification of varied genomic mutation profiles, which directs the clinical behavior of the tumors. The present case describes the rare subtype of pure transitional cell carcinoma which is no more included in the newer World Health Organization (WHO) classification as the WHO labels it as a type of high-grade serous ovarian cancer with transitional cell differentiation, although in our case no serous component was identified. Hence, with revised classification of ovarian malignancies, it is important to report all rare subtypes in order to understand their biology and behavior.


Limited range is one of the main drawbacks of battery electric vehicles. Especially at low temperatures the range is reduced due to low battery capacity and power as well as additional energy demand for auxiliaries. In order to compare different battery technologies regarding their in-vehicle performance, a model based approach is chosen. Several battery technologies are modeled and implemented into a simulation environment for vehicle systems. In addition, varying test cases are defined to analyze the battery characteristics and impact on the vehicle performance. For example, simulation results show that the energy demand of the power train rises significantly in urban surroundings and low ambient temperature conditions. This is due to the fact that recuperation of brake energy is limited by the reduced battery power capability. Furthermore, the efficiency of the battery and the power train is analyzed regarding varying temperatures, battery sizes and driving cycles. Eventually, the electrical range taking into account different driving cycles, temperatures, and auxiliary loads is studied.


In Tunisia, Phthorimaea operculella is an important pest in traditional, unrefrigerated potato stores. An integrated control approach including the use of biological control agents and specifically insect viruses is being developed. From this perspective, we carried out a screening and an evaluation of local Phthorimaea operculella granulosis virus naturally present in Tunisian pest populations. On the basis of symptomatology, P. operculella larvae were collected from different regions (North, Cap Bon, Sahel). Indirect ELISA using a serum raised against the purified Tunisian isolate of the virus was used to establish the geographical distribution of the virus. Comparison of the two approaches showed that symptomatology is not so virus-specific, as morphologically healthy insects were sometimes ELISA-positive. The serological technique therefore gives better detection of the virus.


Exact expressions of the copula and its density of the trivariate Rayleigh distribution with exponential correlation (TRDEC) are derived. The TRDEC is induced from the correlation among three aligned antennas displaced with equal distance.


Abstract. We describe a methodology for ensemble member's weighting
of operational seasonal forecasting systems (SFS) based on an enhanced
prediction of a climate driver strongly affecting meteorological parameters
over a certain region. We have applied it to the North Atlantic Oscillation
(NAO) influence on the Iberian Peninsula winter precipitation. The first step in the proposed approach is to find the best estimation of
winter NAO. Skill and error characteristics of forecasted winter NAO index
by different Copernicus SFS are analysed in this study. Based on these
results, a bias correction scheme is proposed and implemented for the ECMWF
System 5 ensemble mean of NAO index, and then a modified NAO index pdf based
on Gaussian errors is formulated. Finally, we apply the statistical
estimation theory to achieve the Best linear unbiased estimate of winter NAO
index and its uncertainty. For this purpose, two a priori estimates are
used: the bias corrected NAO index Gaussian pdf from ECMWF System 5, and a
skilful winter NAO index prediction based on teleconnection with snow cover
advance with normal distributed errors. The second step of the proposed methodology is to employ the enhanced NAO
index pdf estimates for ensemble member's weighting of a SFS based on a
single dynamical model. The new NAO pdfs obtained in this work have been
used to improve the skill of the ECMWF System 5 to predict both NAO index
and precipitation over the Iberian Peninsula. We show the improvement of NAO
prediction, and of winter precipitation forecasts over our region of
interest, when members are weighted with the bias corrected NAO index
Gaussian pdf based on ECMWF System 5 compared with the usual approach based
on equiprobability of ensemble members. Forecast skill is further enhanced
if the Best NAO index pdf based on an optimal combination of the two a
priori NAO index estimates is used for ensemble member's weighting.


Introduction, Aims of Applied Genetics, Revision of Basic Genetic Concepts and Terminology The Inheritance and Analysis of Qualitative and Quantitative Characters Regression, Transgression, Environmental Effects and Heritability, Correlations Between Characters, Genotype, Phenotype and Breeding Values Population Genetics: Allele Frequencies, Genetic Equilibria, Population Mixing, Genetic Drift and Gene Flow Types and Uses of Selection Departures from Random Mating Mutation and Its Uses Recombination, Mapping and Genomics Structural Chromosome Aberrations: Their Origins, Properties and Uses Changes in Chromosome Number: Their Effects and Uses Supernumerary ("B") Chromosomes Human and Medical Genetics Plant and Animal Breeding Methods and Examples Genetic Engineering in Plants, Animals and Micro-Organisms Genetic Variation in Wild and Agricultural Populations, Genetic Conservation Genetic Methods of Insect Pest Control Reproductive Physiology in Plants, Animals and Humans, Crossing Methods Applied Fungal Genetics The Economics of Agricultural Products and Breeding Programmes.


According to the requirement of economicaloperation, a mathematical model for reactive poweroptimiza-tion of capacitors in distribution network is presented. The objective function of this model is to minimize thenetwork losses, the main constraint condition is the number of switching times of capacitors. To find a proper switchingschedule for shunt capacitors in distribution network in this algorithm, the fuzzy dynamic programming is applied in which the objective function is fuzzified and the status of capacitors are redefined on the previous dynamic programming, So the number of status is obviously reduced. The results ofcalculation examples show that the presented algorithm iseffective and fast and possesses good convergence.


The uncertainty involved in HPLC method for the determination Rutin in Paishi Keli was analysed.Through establishing the mathematical model for HPLC determination,the factors affecting the uncertainty were deduced.Each component of uncertainty was evaluated and calculated,from which the combined uncertainty and finally the extended uncertainty and confidence level were obtained.Related results were as followed:The combined uncertainty was 0.026,extended uncertainty 0.007%,and the determined content of Rutin in Paishi Keli(0.13±0.007)%.The analytical method established is applicable to the uncertainty analysis of HPLC method in the determination of drugs.


ome literature on civil war has described specific authoritarian regime types as more susceptible to civil war onset than others. It is argued that certain institutional configurations of some of these regimes present more opportunity to rebel, whereas others can keep in check the opportunity to rebel. Of all the authoritarian regimes mentioned by Gurses and Mason86, for example, single party regimes are considered least vulnerable to civil war because of their ability to monopolize power and the political space in a country. Against this backdrop, this paper seeks to answer the question: why has the single party state in Mozambique experienced a civil war, while that of Tanzania has not? Mozambique and Tanzania are one of the few countries in Africa that openly pursued socialist strategies after independence with power largely concentrated on the ruling parties—Frente de Libertação de Moçambique (FRELIMO) and the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU, now known as Chama Cha Mapinduzi), respectively. Also both parties have remained in power to this day. The paper argues that the relative strength of the Tanganyika African National Union's (TANU) structures in Tanzania, the less significance of foreign intervention in the post-independence politics, and the lack of colonial violence preceding independence  86 Mehmet Gurses and T. David Mason. "Weak States, Regime Types, and Civil War," Civil Wars 12, no. 1 (2010), 140 – 155. accounted for its ability to avoid civil war. Whereas in Mozambique, the weakness of FRELIMO's bureaucratic structures, the high level of foreign intervention in the country's post-colonial politics and the high level of violence preceding independence increased the country's chance of being mired in civil war after independence. The structure of the paper is as follows: I begin with a brief survey of the literature on authoritarian regimes, with a specific focus on the single party variant and its manifestation in post-colonial Africa. A methodology section follows that provides key operational definitions of concepts and establish theoretical parameters for the argument, then the detailed case studies of Mozambique and Tanzania. The discussion section will then synthesize the findings in both cases as uncovered by the explanatory model, and take stock of other possible rival explanations. Lastly, the conclusion section will reiterate main points and discuss the implications of the study.


Types of transmissions that are used nowadays in tractors are discussed in brief at the beginning of this paper, with special emphasis on power split transmission. Two standard models of power split transmission which are widely-used nowadays are presented and explained. An analysis of the development of power split transmissions is given and, from the construction side, ClaasJarchow, Fendt ―Vario,‖ Steyr ―S-Matic,‖ ZF ―Eccom‖ and John Deere ―AutoPowr‖ power split transmissions are explained in detail. Their working principle and power flows for certain ratios are presented. They are the basis on which all contemporary types of power split transmissions have been developed. A calculation of hydro-mechanical transmission for a selected mediumpower tractor is made, proving that the proposed construction solution is satisfactory. This type of transmission is being used in highly-productive operations that require productive, precise and energy efficient transmission which is comfortable for use for the operator.


The present invention relates to: an improved metal filter having a plurality of apertures which are micropores having a taper shape by which the diameters thereof become narrower from an upstream end towards a downstream end in a state where the directions of the apertures are perpendicular to, or are at an acute angle with respect to the flowing direction of a fluid containing solid foreign substances; and a permanent filter assembly having a filtering pipe connected, in the form of a pitot tube, part-way along a flow pipe in which the fluid containing foreign substances flows, and having the improved metal filter communicatably mounted on the upstream end of the filtering pipe.


The properties of digitonin-solubilized ,B-adrenergic receptors from frog erythrocyte membranes were studied by gel exclusion chromatography on AcA 34 Ultragel. P-Adrenergic rece tor binding activity in these membranes can be identified by both an agonist ligand, [3H~hydroxybenzylisoproterenol, and the antagonist ligands, [3H~dihydroalprenolol and'251Iabeled hydroxybenzylpindolol. Occupancy of the ,adrenergic receptors with the [3H]hydroxybenzylisoproterenol agonist prior to their solubilization from the membrane leads to an increase in apparent receptor size. Alterations in the molecular size of the receptor cannot be mimicked by occupancy of the binding site with the antagonist ligands. Exposure of frog erythrocyte membranes to [3H~hydroxybenzylisoproterenol agonist in the presence of 10 pM Gpp(NH)p, a guanyl nucleotide analog that exerts multiple regulatory effects on the catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing); EC 188.8.131.52] system, results in the elution of the [3H]hydroxybenzylisoproterenol radioligand in both the region characteristic of the agonist-receptor complex and the region characteristic of the antagonist-receptor complex. The precise molecular interactions responsible for the agonist-induced increase in apparent f-adrenergic receptor site are still unresolved. However, the low concentrations of agonist that are capable of altering apparent receptor size and the sensitivity of this effect to guanyl nucleotides suggest that these phenomena may be intimately involved in eliciting the physiological effects of jB-adrenergic catecholamines at the molecular level. Several hormones and drugs, including ,B-adrenergic catecholamines, interact with cell surface receptors and subsequently activate adenylate cyclase [ATP pyrophosphate-lyase (cycling); EC 188.8.131.52], thus raising intracellular cyclic AMP levels (1). The first step in this sequence of biochemical events can be studied directly by using radiolabeled agents that retain their biological activity as tracers of drug-receptor interaction. For example, we have used the f0-adrenergic antagonist (-)[3H]dihydroalprenolol ([3H]DHA) to delineate the properties of ,B-adrenergic receptor binding in several mammalian tissues as well as in frog erythrocyte membranes, a useful model system for adenylate cyclase-coupled ,B-adrenergic receptors (2). Another high affinity antagonist, 125I-labeled hydroxybenzylpindolol (125I-HYP) has also been shown to identify physiologically relevant ,B-adrenergic receptors (3). Although fl-adrenergic antagonist agents recognize the j0adrenergic receptor with a high degree of specificity, they lack some of the fundamental properties associated with agonist drugs, namely, (i) stimulation of the adenylate cyclase enzyme, (tt) desensitization of the adenylate cyclase system concomitant with a decrease in functional receptor number (4), and (iii) reduction in apparent receptor affinity in the presence of guanyl nucleotides (5, 6). For these reasons a radiolabeled agonist, [3H]hydroxybenzylisoproterenol ([3H]HBI), was developed to compare the characteristics of agonist and antagonist The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertfsemevit" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. 228 binding (7). An important difference between [3H]DHA (antagonist) binding and [3H]HBI (agonist) binding is the kinetics of radioligand dissociation from the 13-adrenergic receptor. In contrast to the rapid and complete dissociation of [3H]DHA from frog erythrocyte membranes at physiological temperatures, [3H]HBI agonist binding is neither fully nor rapidly reversible except in the presence of guanyl nucleotides (7, 8). It is possible that the slow and incomplete dissociation of agonist binding may be directly related to the unique capability of agonist drugs to stimulate as well as to desensitize the adenylate cyclase-coupled receptor system (8). The manner in which receptor occupancy by agonist drugs results in the activation of the adenylate cyclase enzyme is still unknown. For this reason, the molecular events that accompany occupancy of the receptor by an agonist agent are of primary interest since they may be related to the mechanism of receptor-enzyme "coupling". In the present report, we describe an agonist-specific increase in the apparent molecular size of the frog erythrocyte 0-adrenergic receptor induced by the binding of radiolabeled [3H]HBI. Occupancy of the receptor with the antagonist [3H]DHA or 125I-HYP does not alter the apparent receptor size, assessed by gel exclusion chromatography. In addition, if [3H]HBI binding to the membranes is carried out in the presence of the guanyl nucleotide analog, Gpp(NH)p, the [3H]HBI radioligand elutes both in the region characteristic of the agonist-receptor complex and the region characteristic of the antagonist-receptor complex. The possible molecular events responsible for the agonist-induced increase in apparent 3-adrenergic receptor size and their relationship to receptorenzyme coupling in the adenylate cyclase system are discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials. (-)[3H]Dihydroalprenolol, 33 or 48 Ci/mmol, and (h:)[3H]hydroxybenzylisoproterenol, 20-26 Ci/mmol, were tritiated at New England Nuclear, as described (7, 9). 1251Labeled hydroxybenzylpindolol, 2000 Ci/mmol, was a generous gift from Keith Crutcher and was prepared and purified as described by Maguire et al. (3). AcA 34 Ultragel resin was from LKB Biochemicals. Sources of all other materials have previously been reported (10, 11). Membrane Preparation. Purified frog erythrocyte membranes were prepared fresh for each experiment by reported methods, and were suspended in 75 mM Tris-HCl/25 mM Mg9l2 at pH 7.5. Membranes were pretreated with [3H]HBI, [3H]DHA, 125I-HYP, or Gpp(NH)p for 30 min at 25°. Since pyrocatechol (0.7 mM) and ascorbic acid (4 mM) were included during the [3H]HBI preincubation phase to protect the radiolabeled agonist from degradation or oxidation, these agents were included in Abbreviations: [3H]HBI, (+)[3H]hydroxybenzylisoproterenol; [3H]DHA, (-)[3H]dihydroalprenolol; 125I-HYP, hydroxybenzylpindolol; Gpp(NH)p, guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75 (1978) 229 all preincubations to standardize the methodology. After the preincubation phase, membranes were washed with ice-cold buffer by centrifugation at 30,000 X g for 10 min. Solubilization. fl-Adrenergic receptor binding and adenylate cyclase activity were solubilized by suspending the membranes in 50 mM Tris/5 mM EDTA at pH 7.5 at 40 containing 0.6% digitonin and 4.5-5.5 mg of membrane protein in 3 ml of digitonin buffer, as described (11, 12). This suspension was stirred on ice for 30 min and then centrifuged for 60 min at 105,000 X g. The supernatant from this centrifugation represents the "solubilized preparation". Column Chromatography. The AcA 34 Ultragel resin was chosen for gel filtration in these experiments because of its reported exclusion properties (4 X 105 daltons) in comparison with Sepharose 6B (6 X 106 daltons), while it still allowed rapid flow conditions because of its polyacrylamide-agarose matrix. Predictably, the narrower molecular size fractionation range of AcA 34 resulted in considerably greater resolution of [3H]HBI-induced alterations in fl-adrenergic receptor profiles when compared with Sepharose 6B. Solubilized preparations, concentrated 10to 15-fold by ultrafiltration through an Amicon PM-30 membrane, were applied to AcA 34 Ultragel columns and eluted in the presence of 0.1% digitonin/75 mM Tris/25 mM MgCl2/1 mM ethylene glycol bis(fl-aminoethyl ether) N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, 1 mM 2-mercaptoethanol at pH 7.4 at 4°. The dimensions of the AcA 34 columns were 2.5 X 90 cm, and the flow rate was maintained at 18 ml/hr. We have refrained at present from calculating a corresponding Stokes radius, R,, for the eluted receptor and enzyme activities since, in contrast to our experience with Sepharose 6B, some of the soluble marker proteins used do not elute as predicted. The most marked deviation is observed with ferritin, or apoferritin, and may be due to direct interactions of this protein with the Ultragel. All elution profiles reported were observed in multiple experiments on three or four separate AcA 34 columns. Thus, the behavior of some of the calibrating proteins and, more importantly, the agonist-induced increase in apparent fl-adrenergic receptor size described in Results are not a consequence of abnormalities resulting from unusual packing of a particular column. Binding Assays. The methods used in this study for the assessment of "specific" fl-adrenergic receptor binding in particulate preparations with [3H]DHA (12) and [3H]HBI (7) and in solubilized preparations with [3H]DHA (11) have been previously reported. Adenylate Cyclase Assay. Adenylate cyclase activity was assayed as described for particulate (10) and solubilized (11) preparations. Proteins. Proteins were determined by the method of Lowry et al. (14), with bovine serum albumin as standard. When solubilized material was assayed, 0.6% digitonin buffer was simultaneously assayed as a blank.


According to Workflow Management Coalition's model for reference, and according to the new interface standard XPDL described by WfMC and relational database system, a general workflow engine have been studied. In the next phase of work, we will combine digital campus for further verification, so it can deal with more practical issues.


High-temperature cylindrical stainless steel-sodium heat pipes were fabricated and tested for transient and steady-state operations. Total length of the heat pipe was 1 m and the diameter was 25.4 ㎜. The thermal performance of each heat pipe was tested up to 2-㎾ thermal load (heat flux of 42 ㎾/m²). Thermal performance was investigated experimentally by changing internal wick structure as a function of the input thermal load and working fluid charge ratio. Thermal resistance and average heat transfer coefficients in evaporator and condenser sections were analyzed and discussed. Based on the experimental results, a commercial numerical tool was employed to simulate the characteristics of the high temperature heat pipe. Calculated temperature distributions of the heat pipe were compared with those of experiments. Effective thermal conductivity of a heat pipe was introduced in the modeling or performance estimation of which the values varied from 1,206 to 3,090 W/m ㆍ depending on the input thermal load.


Pattern recognition of abnormal control charts can provide clues to reveal potential quality problems in manufacturing process. It has been a necessary technology to realize the automatic recognition of abnormal patterns with the need of automation and intelligence of statistical process control (SPC). In this paper, a new neural network model named regional supervised feature mapping (RSFM) network is proposed to recognize the control chart patterns in the intelligent diagnosis system for machining quality. The performance of network is studied, and its parameters are optimized. Euclid distance discriminance is developed to recognize mixed abnormal patterns. Numerical simulation results show that this model possesses many advantages, such as quick training and good recognition performance, which can be used in an on line real time mode.


The aim of this work was to assess the influence of H2O, HCl, and H2S on the condensation and release of zinc. The condensation behavior of the zinc vapors was investigated in a heated flow channel reactor housed in a furnace with a gas cooling zone, where eight glass filters were placed on different cooling stages. The metal species deposited in the filters were determined by means of ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Experiments on the release of the inorganic vapors were carried out in a heated flow channel reactor coupled to a molecular beam mass spectrometer (MBMS). The experiments were carried out under two typical gasification conditions (H2/H2O/He or Ar) and atmospheric pressure with 50 and 500 ppmv of HCl and H2S. Hot gas analysis was done at 900, 800, 700, and 500 °C. The condensation experiments showed that zinc condensed as ZnO, ZnCl2, and ZnS under the conditions considered. The species detected in the gas phase were Zn, ZnO, ZnCl2...


Considering the errors of communication between producer and consumer during customization, this paper studies how to decision when information goods producer provides both standard and customized goods, and how to avoid the uncertainty originated from communication errors. In three kind competence circumstances, this study compares with the optimal conventional good prices, optimal customization ranges and optimal marginal earnest. The results show that under the market incompletely covered condition, the producer can increase his profits by adopting customization. Despite the uncertainty of customization goods' quality, producer can collect earnests to evade such risk and facing with different uncertainty the producer should adopt different competence strategy.


Since the mid-nineties the projects of Zoran Todorović have been dealing with different instances of biopolitical control in the frameworks of contemporary institutional regulations and dominant but conflicting ideas of social progress. They have been critically observing and exploring the ways in which body, its "products" and manifestations can be used as raw materials for disturbing actions/events that take place somewhere on the brim of cultural integratedness. In a number of projects, Todorovic challenged the limits of representation and participation, as well as ethical norms and aesthetic standards. Some of these projects are: Assimilation (1998, ongoing), the event of public consuming of food made out of remains of human body after plastic surgery; Agalma (2004, ongoing), the event of public washing with soap made of fat removed from the artist's body during a surgery; and Laughter (2001), for which he used nitrous oxide, a gas that acts upon the nervous system (causing laugher, but in too high a dosage also an outbreak of hysteria), which he released during a group exhibition in the Museum of Contemporary Art in Belgrade. Based on these projects, it has been said that Todorović is first and foremost interested in "potential or real affect/affects that the event of performing an artwork in its singularity there and then produces among human lives" and that we are dealing with events "without symbolic justification" that took place "in a singular situation among some people and for some people".[1]


Imperfections such as stacking faults and interfaces are recognized as decisive factors in modifying thermal properties and heat transport in crystal materials by scattering phonon and changing vibrational structure [1]. However, the effect of crystal defects on thermal conductivity is being theoretically treated by perturbation methods without taking into account the local change of phonon dispersion relation [2]. Direct observation of local vibrational structure at single crystal defect has not been realized until now. The main issue is the spatial resolution required to resolve individual defects is not achievable for most of phonondetecting techniques including optical, and inelastic X-ray and neutron spectroscopies [3]. Here we demonstrate that spaceand angle-resolved vibrational spectroscopy in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) enables the study of the vibrational structure of individual crystal defects. At a single stacking fault in a cubic silicon carbide, the acoustic vibration modes at X point undergo a red shift of several millielectronvolts, become enhanced, and are confined to within a few nanometers of the stacking fault. The detection of interfacial modes at an atomically thin Si-Ge interface will be discussed as well [4]. Our work opens the door to investigating phonon propagation around crystal defects, and provides guidance to the engineering of desired thermal performance for semiconductor and power electronic devices.


This project presents a study of the feasibility of the implementation of a company dedicated to the manufacture and marketing of threshed corn dough and white "corncakes" in three different presentations. To get the results of this project, it was necessary to build: market, location, size, technical and financial studies, which lead to the optimal path to follow to reach the goal of the creation of the company and its implementation in the city of Armenia, Quindio. During the development of the project, there are support studies which serve to argue the work and results, such as technical studies on the threshed white "corncake", market studies and sensitivity analysis affecting important variables when evaluating financially the project and the influence of the project to the community.


In the field of vibrational energy harvesting, the electromechanical conversion demonstrated the many advantages of using electrostrictive polymers. These materials present advantageous features such as high productivity and high flexibility. The aim of this work is to provide a solution for artificially increasing the current flowing through the sample when simultaneously driven by an electrical field and a mechanical excitation in order to determine the optimal range of deformation for a good efficiency of the electromechanical conversion. Thus, by using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, our experimental results, shown clearly that under certain conditions of strain S (S⟩4 %), the efficiency of energy harvesting becomes significant, indicating that the mechanical parameter S was a crucial parameter for a better efficiency of electromechanical conversion. Furthermore, a good agreement between theoretical and experimental results was found. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The present invention relates to a wheel house reinforcing structure for reinforcing the rigidity of the wheel house relates to a wheel house reinforcement structures, specifically. To this end, the wheel house reinforcement structure according to one embodiment of the present invention is a wheel house reinforcing structure for reinforcing the rigidity of the vehicle body the wheel house, to form an upper surface of the inner wheel house, equipped with a shock absorber mounting bracket mounting portion, formed integrally extending to downward from the inner end of the mounting portion, the rear on the upper side of the inner wheel house in forming a side, and the assembly hole is a quarter panels assembled to the lower formed cover portion and the mounting portion of the toward formed extending integrally includes the rear end portion of the trunk lid hinge mount having a mount hole hinge mounting end parts of the trunk lid is formed in the mounting.


Plasmin preferentially cleaves rabbit hemopexin at a single site, generating two nondisulfide-linked carbohydrate-containing fragments. In contrast, hemehemopexin is almost totally resistant to this enzyme and is more resistant than the apoprotein to digestion by trypsin, chymotrypsin, papain, subtilisin, and proteinase K as well. Plasmin digestion dramatically shortens the plasma clearance time of the molecule. The larger glycopeptide (I), shown to be derived from the amino terminus of the parent molecule by sequence analysis, has a molecular weight near 35,000 with a PI of 5.0. It binds 1 mol of heme per mol in a manner analogous to intact hemopexin, molecular weight near 60,000 and PI 5.8. The smaller glycopeptide (11) has a molecular weight near 25,000, a PI of 6.4, and does not bind heme. Of the four oligosaccharides of rabbit hemopexin, peptide I contains three oligosaccharides and peptide I1 contains one. At micromolar concentrations, the two peptides migrate together during centrifugation through sucrose gradients in the presence, but not in the absence, of heme. Peptide I has a far UV circular dichroism spectrum indicating it has some a-helical and extensive nonrepeating peptide structures whereas peptide I1 appears to be almost exclusively in a &sheet conformation. Peptide I1 is responsible for most of the positive ellipticity at 231 nm of native apohemopexin, but the increase in ellipticity at 231 nm characteristic of hemehemopexin is not seen when peptide I binds heme, even in the presence of peptide 11.


This brief presents a reconfigurable LC-ring structure and a programmable millimeter-wave low-power frequency multiplier that were combined together to achieve a maximum power-saving effect of 73% depending on operation modes. The proposed multiphase LC ring is reconfigurable to change the number of stages and thereby minimize current consumption depending on the number of phases necessary in an application. The programmable multiplier is implemented to reduce its current consumption by 82% through an inverter-type input circuit. A millimeter-wave frequency multiplier prototype, including the reconfigurable multiphase LC ring, was fully integrated in a 65-nm CMOS process and experimentally verified to provide programmable frequency multiplication over triple frequency bands of 12.6-15.2, 25.2-30.4, and 50.4-60.8 GHz, utilizing a 6.3 to 7.6-GHz multiphase LC ring.


The unique inwards interweaving morphology of polyamines and polyacids within agarose hydrogels that leads to the formation of striated shells with different porosities within the spherical scaffold is reported. Microcompartments with sophisticated structures are commonly used in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and other biomedical applications. However, a method capable of producing well‐defined, multiporous shells within a single compartment is still lacking. By the alternating deposition of polyallylamine (PA) and polystyrenesulfonic acid (PSS) in 1‐butanol, at equal mass ratios, multiple levels of porosity are generated within an agarose microsphere. Each level of porosity is represented by a well‐defined, concentric shell of interweaving PA and PSS layers. The number, thickness, and porosity of the striated shells can be easily controlled by varying the number of PA/PSS bilayers and the polymer concentration, respectively. The feasibility of utilizing this morphology for the assembly of a multi‐shell porous spherical scaffold is validated by trapping different molecular weight dextrans within different regions of porosity. The unique interaction of polyacids and polyamines in hydrogels represents a facile and inexpensive approach to the development of intricate scaffold architectures.


By analyzing earnings of observed immigrants workers, the literature on the economic assimilation of immigrants has generally overlooked two potentially important selectivity issues.First, earnings of immigrant workers may di?er substantially from those of non-workers.Second, earnings of immigrants who do not return to their native country may differ from earnings of outmigrants. Economic theory has contradictory predictions on the signs of these potential selection biases.This paper uses data drawn from 8 waves of the German Socio-Economic Panel and estimates a three-equation model of income, work and outmigration decisions taking into account time-invariant unobserved heterogeneity across individuals.We -nd strong evidence in favor of negative outmigration selection in both the earnings and work equations.Simulation results show that the magnitude of the outmigration bias is important.


This aim of this qualitative research study was to suggest an initiative
for promoting professionalism in English language teaching of
primary teachers, who work in rural small schools in Thailand. This
study was conducted in two phases; Phase I and Phase II. By
adopting convenience or opportunity sampling, ten primary teachers
in one educational service area office volunteered to take part in this
study. Grounded theory (Corbin & Strauss, 1998; Newby, 2010) was
adopted for data analysis.
In Phase I, data were collected from semi-structured interviews and
from supplementary data sources (i.e. research journals and
classroom observations). The results suggested that (1) teachers'
inadequate knowledge of English, (2) their difficulty in using the
English textbooks available, (3) a problem with materials and
equipment, (4) students' knowledge of English, (5) teachers' heavy
workloads, and (6) the impact of national examinations on regular
classroom learning were factors contributing to their difficulty in
teaching. Moreover, the results suggested that INSET programmes
failed to promote their professionalism in English language teaching,
and the teachers' comments on those programmes also provided
valuable implications for the design of the professional development
programme in Phase II.Exploratory Practice (EP) (Allwright & Lenzuen, 1997) was adopted
as a theoretical framework for the proposed programme in Phase II.
For qualitative case study research, two cases of teachers in doing
EP projects were selected for in-depth investigation. Data were
collected from focus group interviews and semi-structured interviews
and from supplementary data sources (i.e. research journals,
classroom observations, teacher diaries, recorded discussions, and
documents). The results suggested that these teachers gained
similar benefits from their experience in Exploratory Practice. First,
Exploratory Practice helped them to gain a better understanding of
their classroom context. Second, it helped them to design more
appropriate lesson plans, materials, and activities for teaching their
students more effectively. Third, it increased their confidence in their
ability to teach. Fourth, it influenced them to increase their
confidence in speaking. The teachers also had positive attitudes
towards English, and higher motivation to improve themselves and
sustain their professional development in English language teaching.
The results also suggested that group discussions supported the
teachers in preparing their project plans.
These findings suggest that Exploratory Practice was useful for
promoting the professional development in English language
teaching of two primary teachers and it is possible that Exploratory
Practice could have benefits similarly for others in this context and similar contexts where teachers work under similarly difficult
circumstances.


In this study, four lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides biovar. dextranicum) were screened in vitro for antifungal activity against twelve strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa), causal agent of the "Bayoud", the most destructive disease of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Algeria. The results of the direct confrontation of LAB against (Foa) on MRS agar and PDA medium showed that there is a better inhibition by the LAB on MRS agar. Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis gave the most effective rate inhibition, between 13.51 and 40.29 % on PDA medium and 41.17 and 100% on MRS Agar medium, followed by the other strains with inhibition reached 35.82 % on PDA medium and between 19.29 and 100 % on MRS agar medium. When we used cell-free supernatant, there was appearance of inhibition zones after 24 h incubation, with a percentage of inhibition reached 49.41 %. The microscopic observations in the areas of confrontation of the fungus with the LAB have shown that there is an inhibition of the conidia germination.


With the development of material growth and device technologies, the pixel density becomes much higher. The pixel size and the spacing between pixels have been becoming smaller and smaller, causing the cross talk of the neighboring pixels acuter. Linear InGaAs detector arrays with 25 μm pitch and 2 μm spacing were fabricated, and the modulation transfer function of detector arrays with infrared lens was measured using a system of collimator tube. A tiny light dot produced by the collimator tube was used to analyze and calculated the cross talk of the detector with conserved absorber around the photosensitive mesa, and the cross talk between two neighboring pixels was approximately estimated. With the conserved absorber structure, the electronic cross talk is dominant in the cross talks between neighboring pixels.


To explore the feasibility of 3D printed customized guides assisting the precise drilling of Kirschner wires in subtalar joint arthrodesis.


In this paper, we propose a new single-channel speech separation algorithm by l0 optimization using nonhomogeneous linear mean square estimation (NLMSE) quasi-KLT basis. First, we propose to construct NLMSE quasi-KLT bases from the single-channel mixture by diagonalizing the approximate autocorrelation matrices of speech sources, which are constructed by a linear combination of generated templates. Second, based on the NLMSE quasi-KLT bases, single-channel speech separation is performed by l0 optimization. Finally, simulation results demonstrating the effective performance of single-channel separation of two speech sources using the NLMSE quasi-KLT bases are presented.


Sheet metals of car bodies sometimes have small defects, e. g. dents or ripples with a depth of only a few microns. These defects usually are not visible until varnish is applied. It would be convenient to detect them in advance in order to simplify repairing. We demonstrate how they can be visualized by using optical 3-d sensors and optimum signal processing. For a German car company we developed a fast algorithm that is based on this visualization method.


The word-codeword mapping technique allows words to be managed in PPM modelling when a natural language text file is being compressed. The main idea for managing words is to assign them codes in order to improve the compression. The previous work was focused on proposing several mapping adaptive algorithms and evaluating them. In this paper, we propose a semi-static word-codeword mapping method that takes advantage of by previous knowledge of some statistical data of the vocabulary. We test our idea implementing a basic prototype, dubbed mppm2, which also retains all the desirable features of a word-codeword mapping technique. The comparison with other techniques and compressors shows that our proposal is a very competitive choice for compressing natural language texts. In fact, empirical results show that our prototype achieves a very good compression for this type of documents.


ABSTRACT The effective hydrocarbon field development requires a well-developed waterflooding strategy with surveillance plan for continuous efficiency monitoring. The modified capacitance resistance model (CRM) is proposed to monitor the efficiency of oil field waterflood. The model outcomes give and understanding of flooding response. Forties field data was used to test and present the waterflood performance based on proposed modified CRM model.


The self‐theories of students and teachers are a neglected aspect of higher education, yet are important mediators of students' development and achievement. Theoretical considerations and empirical findings are brought to bear on the implications of self‐theories for student development, and for the development of academic staff.


Abstract Two decades of research in the field of mentoring demonstrates that proteges reap a wide range of benefits from mentor relationships (e.g., increased academic and professional satisfaction and success). Unfortunately, not all graduate students establish and maintain mentorships. This article offers a profile of the excellent graduate school protege, and contrasts the traits and behaviors of successful proteges with those of graduate students less likely to be mentored. The article concludes with several strategies for graduate students committed to establishing and maintaining a successful graduate school mentorship. College faculty and counseling center staff might share this material with advisees and clients as a means of enhancing the probability that those students admitted to or enrolled in graduate programs will be mentored.


Abstract Experimental data for the reaction of hydrogen sulfide with calcined dolomite have been analyzed using the changing grain size model. The model provides an excellent match to both time-conversion and radial position-conversion data. At the higher temperatures (T ≥ 700°C), where the grain diffusion resistance is negligible, the changing grain size model is totally predictive. At lower temperatures, the experimental match is achieved by treating the grain diffusion coefficient as a "best-fit" parameter. Multi-cycle runs where a single pellet was subjected to more than one reaction/regeneration cycle were also successfully modeled by treating the initial specific surface area as an additional adjustable parameter (for all cycles except the first). The resulting decrease in specific surface area with cycle number is justified by postulating that additional sintering occurs during each high temperature cycle.


The FDA has approved the use of Thalidomide (Thalomid) for treating a leprosy-associated condition. However, Thalidomide can also be used for HIV-related conditions if a physician prescribes it for "off-label use". In HIV-positive people, Thalidomide has been shown effective in treating mouth, throat, vaginal, and rectal ulcers, and has also been successful in clearing severe diarrhea-causing microsporidiosis infections. The FDA has also granted permission to use Thalidomide for treating AIDS-related wasting and mycobacterial infections by giving Thalidomide an "orphan drug status". Severe restrictions have been established for use of Thalidomide by women, because of the drug's association with birth defects. Contact information is provided.


Student Evaluation of Mathematical Explanations in an Inquiry-Based Mathematics Classroom Ashley Burgess Hulet Department of Mathematics Education, BYU Master of Arts Students do not always evaluate explanations based on the mathematics despite their teacher's effort to be the guide-on-the-side and delegate evaluation to the students. This case study examined how the use of three features of the Discourse—authority, sociomathematical norms, and classroom mathematical practices—impacted students' evaluation and contributed to students' failure to evaluate. By studying three pre-service elementary school students' evaluation methods, it was found that the students applied different types of each of the features of the Discourse and employed them at different times. The way that the features of the Discourse were used contributed to some of the difficulties that the participants experienced in their evaluation of explanations. The results suggest that researchers in the field must come to believe that resistance to teaching methods is not the only reason for student failure to evaluate mathematical explanations and that authority is operating in the classroom even when the teacher is acting as the guide on the side. The framework developed for the study will be valuable for researchers who continue to use for their investigation of individual student's participation in mathematical activity.


With the continuous shrinking of process technology, FinFET overpowers conventional bulk CMOS in terms of reducing Short Channel Effect's, channel control, drive strength, high ION/IOFF current ratio. So, FinFET proves to be the best alternative to cope up with the Moore's law and the current semiconductor industry needs. In this paper most active component in Digital circuits, ALU is implemented in 7nm, 10nm, 14nm, 16nm, 20nm technologies using FinFET in CADENCE VIRTUOSO for High Performance(HP) Mode and Low Standby Power(LSTP) Mode. There is 99.94% and 49.68% decrease in power for the proposed ALU using CD Logic in 7nm for the ALU Design2 in LSTP and HP mode respectively.


Global localization (or place recognition) is a method of finding the current location of a robot on a map generated by a mapping process, and it is an open field that has not yet been completely solved in the field of mobile robotics. Most existing approaches to global localization are based on extraction of interest point features and their descriptors whether from raw laser scans or 2D occupancy grid maps. In this paper, unlike most approaches, we propose a novel method of extracting a statistical signature of geometric and structural features from a submap. A boundary and free-space features can characterize a geometric shape, while a reflection symmetry can quantify a structural shape of the submap. Experiments using five pre-built map publicly available demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the other state-of-the-art image-based methods by examining precision-recall curve especially when occupancy noise added to the submap is progressively increased.


The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-Cas12a (CRISPR-Cas12a) system is a new type of CRISPR-Cas system. As a unitary effector protein in this system, Cas12a recognizes 5'-TTTN-3' protospacer-adjacent motif and exhibits cleavage activity of double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), supplementing the toolbox of CRISPR system. Compared to CRISPR-Cas9 system, CRISPR-Cas12a system has the advantage of high specificity, which is a promising tool for genetic manipulation in the basic cancer research and clinical cancer therapy. To date, three Cas12a proteins including Acidaminococcus sp. Cas12a (AsCas12a), Francisella novicida Cas12a (FnCas12a), and Lachnospiraceae bacterium Cas12a (LpCas12a) have been applied in transcriptional regulation or genome editing through CRISPR RNAs complementary to target DNA or RNA in cancer cells or immune cells. This review summarizes the latest applications of CRISPR-Cas12a system in cancer research and its structural basis.


A new Pd-induced √3×√3–R30° superstructure on Si(111) has been studied by low energy ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) combined with LEED-AES. It has been observed that the Pd atoms giving rise to the √3 structure can be detected by AES but not by ISS, indicating that the Pd atoms are incorporated into the Si substrate. Possible models of the √3–Pd structure are presented.


The sand body distribution is relatively limited in this block, the lens-shaped sandbodies are more developed, the change of intergranular sandbody is fast and the internal architecture of the sand body is complex, which results in the difficulties of the arrangement of horizontal wells in the study area and the tapping of remaining oil in high water reservoirs. In this paper, taking an example of S2L4 10 sandbodies in Wen 79 Southern Block, rich drilling data, core data, logging data and geological research results accumulated over many years in Wennan Oilfield were applied to discuss the anatomical method of the reservoir architecture unit in the underwater distributary channel in the shallow delta front, the hierarchy of the internal architecture of the reservoir and the anatomy of the single sand body. On the basis of this, the sequence of the underwater distributary channel in the composite channel is determined by the cross section and the source profile. Under the guidance of the sedimentology principle, the formation process of the underwater distributary channel is restored and the evolution process of underwater distributary channel is recovered.


The book by Joshua and Anne-Lee Gilder , considered often to be a bestseller, could be described as a historical and biographical book with a criminal plot Tycho Brahe's death. Brahe's death has been repeate dly discussed and explained on the basis of testimonies of three Brah e's contemporaries – Kepler, Brahe's friend Jessenius and a doctor Wittich. It is known that on he 13 October 1601, at a banquet by Petr Vok from Rosenberg, Tycho Brahe – apparently without an y previous symptoms – was taken seriously ill, was unable to urinate and died on the 24 th October 1601.


varmi creates a dummy variable that takes 1 when all the variable in the varlist are missing. The dummy variable takes the value 1 when all variables are missing 0 otherwise. Useful for analysis of attrition. You may also assign a label to the dummy variable using the label option.


We derive the average capacity for an OFDM radio link that is impaired by phase noise and carrier frequency offset at both transmitter and receiver side. It is well known that, for OFDM, phase noise and frequency offset cause intercarrier interference (ICI). We first notice the dependency of the instantaneous capacity on the ICI power and on the fading channel. Using a Taylor series approximation, we show that the ICI power can be well represented in a quadratic form whose probability density function we derive. Using the derived distribution and assuming a Rayleigh-fading channel, we derive analytical expressions of average capacity. Different test cases are presented to study the sensitivity of the capacity on phase noise and frequency offset. The main observations suggest that, for reasonable phase noise levels, the capacity is practically insensitive to the frequency offset.


BAT triggered on GRB 070521 at 06:51:10 UT (Trigger 279935) (Guidorzi et al., GCN Circ. 6431). This was a 1.024-s rate-trigger on a long burst. XRT observations began at T + 77 s and discovered the X-ray afterglow. UVOT began observing at T + 82 s and did not find any optical counterpart. Our best position is the XRT location calibrated with UVOT astrometry RA(J2000)= 242.6608 deg (161038.60), Dec(J2000)= +30.2560 deg (+301521.8) with an error of 1.7 arcsec (90% confidence).


Recent technology innovations are enabling fundamental improvements in mobility systems, including options for new travel modes, methods, and opportunities to connect people with goods, services, and employment. A desire to quantify and compare both existing and emerging transportation options motivated development of the mobility energy productivity (MEP) metric described here. The MEP metric fundamentally measures the potential of a city's transportation system to connect a person to a variety of services and activities that define a high quality of life, relative to the convenience, cost, and energy needed to provide these connections. Fundamentally derived from accessibility theory, the MEP advances practice by using readily available travel time data (either from web-based application programming interfaces or outputs from an urban transportation model) combined with established parameters that reflect the energy intensity and cost of various travel modes, and relative frequency of activity engagement. The construction of the MEP metric allows for aggregation and disaggregation to the appropriate spatial, modal, and trip purpose resolution, as analysis needs dictate. The MEP could be used to compare alternative futures related to technology, infrastructure investment, or policy, providing a much-needed tool for planners, researchers, and analysts.


Abstract Chew and Cerbin (2021) offer a fruitful way of thinking deeply about teaching economics. In this article, the author offers several ideas on how to offload parts of three of the cognitive challenges they identify to an online module that any instructor could assign to their students. Ideally, this module would be described in an economics education publication.


Background/aim Frailty is an age-related syndrome characterised by reductions in strength, endurance, and physiologic function that increase an individual's vulnerability for developing dependence or death. Extensive research is being conducted to determine preventable risk factors and mechanistic pathways of this syndrome, whose prevalence in Europe and the US is around 10%–15% of the community-dwelling elderly. Methods Four studies were conducted. The first was a review of the scientific literature on the association between environmental pollutants, limitations in physical functioning, and frailty among older adults. The other 3 were observational studies aimed to evaluate: the association between secondhand tobacco smoke and the frailty syndrome in the nonsmoking community-dwelling US elderly population (n=2509); the association between biomarkers of lead and cadmium exposure and the frailty syndrome among US adults aged ≥60 years (n=5272); and the association between biomarkers of cadmium exposure and walking speed among US adults aged ≥50 years (n=3226). Results Very few studies have previously evaluated the association between environmental pollutants and frailty or its components. Lead, cadmium and secondhand smoke, are among the pollutants for which we have found evidence that they may be associated with the frailty syndrome. In our studies, the adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of frailty comparing the second, third, and fourth quartiles of serum cotinine to the lowest were, respectively, 1.44 (0.67–3.06), 1.46 (0.75–2.85), and 2.51 (1.06–5.95), p value for trend 0.04. The corresponding OR for lead tertiles were, respectively, 1.40 (0.96–2.04) and 1.75 (1.33–2.31), p value for trend <0.01. Finally, the highest (vs. lowest) quintile of blood cadmium was associated with a 0.18 (95% CI: 0.10 to 0.25) ft/sec reduction in walking speed, p value for trend <0.001. Conclusion There is a need for more studies to assess the effects of environmental pollution on frailty.Environmental and geriatric epidemiologists should work together to address important research challenges.


A 76-year-old male patient was admitted for exertional shortness of breath for the last month. Physical examination showed bipulmonary hypoventilation and fine crackles. The electrocardiogram was compatible with sequelae of anterior myocardial infarction, with borderline troponin-T levels, and no elevation of creatinine-kinase. Transthoracic echocardiography confirmed a large anterior myocardial …


Regulated under the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA), Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POT Ws) need to inventory and control their hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions, primarily from the aeration tanks. The spatial characteristics of hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions, primarily from the aeration tanks. The spatial characteristics of hazardous air pollutants in the form of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the aeration units of POTWs have been investigated by systematic monitoring and mathematical modeling. Using a verified off-gas sampling system and CC-MS analytical method, a large wastewater treatment plant has been tested to understand the air emissions from its aeration basins. Variations of VOC emissions along the length of the aeration units have been tested and modeled. Most VOCs have decreasing concentration profiles. A simple PFR model has been developed to obtain the spatial information of the VOC fate. This model can be easily used to validate model parameters and accurately simulate the process especially in the case where the aeration tanks are operated with varied airflow rates along the tank length. Using this simple model, air emissions can be accurately estimated and the simulation results are useful to support an emissions control analysis. This study also reveals thatmore » simple multiplication of measured off-gas concentration and total airflow over-estimates the overall emissions.« less


Abstract I present archaeobotanical evidence for intensive and long-term harvesting of edible geophytes in the Brodiaea complex, most likely blue dicks (Dichelostemma capitatum), during multiple seasons on California's Santa Cruz Island. Ethnographic data indicate that Brodiaea corms were an important food source throughout prehistoric California, usually harvested in the late spring–early summer, after flowering. However, at least two ethnographic sources may suggest multiple seasons of harvest, an idea supported by careful examination of seasonal morphological changes in modern and ancient Brodiaea corms. Archaeobotanical identification of features associated with these morphological changes allows inferences about the specific seasons in which Brodiaea corms were harvested, a conclusion that has the potential to provide higher resolution seasonality data for geophyte remains recovered in western North America and other areas around the world.


Technical risk assessment model of large-scale construction project has been established by using triangle whitening weight function of grey theory against the problems of technical risk assessment of large-scale construction project. In the end, through example verification, this model is approved to be feasible and have certain value of reference and utilization in similar problems.


Coded-aperture imaging is a two step imaging process where we here term the intermediate, coded, image the superposition image. The space-bandwidth product (SBWP = number of pixels) of this superposition image is generally much larger than that of the object. This fact leads to sometimes unnecessarily large processing arrays in digital decoding, or unnecessarily stringent specifications for optical decoders. We present here a method of reducing the redundancy present in the superposition image, thereby reducing the SBWP required of the decoding system. We present examples from flashing tomosynthesis: an X-ray imaging technique using a point-source array as the coded 'aperture'.


This paper tries to prove that in the second half of the 19th century there was in Spain a big clash between two ideologies or, in words from that time, two kinds of science: Christian and modern. This will be done through the analysis and research of an important source, the magazine La Ciencia Cristiana, and the work of its director, Juan Manuel Orti y Lara. On one hand, positivism, rationalism and experimental sciences from the most developed countries in Europe, such as England, France and Germany. The Catholic Church thought that trends such as Krausism and Darwinism damaged its ultimate truths. On the other hand, the so called «Christian Science», sponsored by Thomas Aquinas and powered by the popes Pius IX and Leo XIII, who with their encyclicals, Syllabus and Aeterni Patris, opposed foreign ideas attempting against the creation model, while they also defended the idea that the existence of God could be proven by philosophical and/or theological arguments. The Catholic magazine La Ciencia Cristiana (1877-1886) played a first-rate role in that enormous task, and so did its director, Manuel Orti y Lara, considered as the greatest proponent of Thomism in Spain while top promoter of the «Christian Science» advocated by Leo XIII.


The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) and Doppler pressure half-time methods and planimetry for echocardiografic estimation of the mitral valve area. Methods and results:We studied prospectively 49 patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis(MS),hospitalised in the Emergency County Hopsital Rm Valcea, from dec.2007 to aug.2011 . MVA(mitral valve area) was assessed with the PISA method (MVA pisa), PHT(MVA pht), and planimetry (MVApln) serving as the gold standard method. MVA pisa closely correlated with MVApln ( r=0,805 si p<0,0001) while MVApht and AVMpln showed a weaker, but still good correlation(r=0,65 , p<0,0001). Conclusions:MVA calculated with PISA method has a better accuracy than MVA calculated with PHT method, though is time consuming. Cuvinte cheie: Stenoza mitrala, metoda PISA( Proximal isovelocity surface area ), metoda PHT ( Pressure half - time), metoda planimetrica Rezumat: Scopul acestui studiu a fost sa compare acuratetea ariei valvulare mitrale (AVM) calculate prin metoda PISA si PHT raportata la AVM calculata prin planimetrie. Metode si rezultate: Am studiat prospectiv 49 pacienti cu stenoza mitrala reumatismala internati in Spitalul de Urgenta Rm Valcea in perioada dec.2007-aug.2011) .AVM a fost evaluata cu metoda PISA (AVM pisa), metoda PHT (AVMpht) si planimetrie(A VMpln), servind ca si gold standard. AVM prin metoda PISA se coreleaza foarte bine cu AVM pln ( r=0,805 si p<0,0001), in timp ce AVMpht arat o corelatie mai slaba dar inca buna cu AVM calculata prin metoda planimetrica. metoda (r=0,65 si p<0,0001). Concluzii: In evaluarea AVM, metoda PISA are acuratete mai mare decat metoda PHT, desi necesita mai mult timp.


. We survey some recent results in the theory of measurable graph combinatorics. We also discuss applications to the study of hyperfiniteness and measurable equidecompositions.


From the end of the 1980s, when foreign workers poured into Korea, until 1995, when there was a significant increase in international marriages, a multicultural situation has slowly been developing in Korea. However, because the traditional emphasis has been on a single-race nation, the Korean Church has not shown much concern for the multicultural situation. Apart from some megachurches and missionary groups, the Korean Church has not been concerned with inviting immigrants and receiving them as full church members. Recently, due to a rapidly aging Korean society and the influx of immigrants entering the workforce, Korea has abruptly changed into a multicultural society. Catching up with this change, the church has started to study building a multicultural church and shifting a congregation to a multicultural church; however, almost all of these studies focus on mission strategy, leadership, or working through conflicts in the church. Currently, there are a lack of studies on worship, specifically, how to facilitate worship among people from different cultural backgrounds and how worship can draw a multicultural congregation together as one body. This chapter will study how a multicultural church can plan its Sunday public worship from a liturgical and theological perspective. Additionally, I will research how a congregation made up of people whose cultural and theological backgrounds are different can become one body in worship. For this purpose, I will examine a multicultural church in Korea, mainly focusing on how the order and elements of worship can develop understanding and unity among the people. Based on this study, I will suggest some liturgical ideas and valuable strategies for multicultural worship in Korea with a sample liturgy of multicultural worship.


Book review of Borislav Chernev. Twilight of Empire: The Brest-Litovsk Conference and the Remaking of East-Central Europe, 1917-1918. U of Toronto P, 2017. xx, 308 pp. Maps. Illustrations. Glossary. Notes. Bibliography. Index. $77.00, cloth.


When a load is applied on to a crystal, then the fractomechanoluminescence (ML) emission takes place in the form of light pulses. The number of ML pulses and the time duration tc for the appearance of ML increase with increasing value of the load and the average ML intensity from a single ML pulse decreases with increasing value of the load. For a given value of the applied pressure, the total number NT of ML pulses, the total ML intensity IT and the time duration tc of ML emission increase with increasing size of the crystals. As the total ML intensity is directly related to the area of newly created surfaces, the pressure dependence of the total ML intensity indicates that initially the total area of newly created surfaces increases with increasing value of the applied load and later on it tends to attain a saturation value for higher values of the applied load. As the strain rate is maximum at a particular time after the application of load on to a crystal, the rate of the emission of ML pulses is maximum at a particular time after the application of load on to the crystals. The dependence of NT, IT, and tc on the applied pressure Po follows the following expressions, respectively NT = Mo V y [1 – exp{–δc (Po – Pf)}]


What evidence is there of discrimination by mortgage lenders? If discrimination is occurring, how powerful or significant a force is it? To answer these questions, the authors rely on statistical research, arguments from the lending industry, and transcriptions of two landmark federal court decrees. Important reading for the housing industry, regulators, advocates, and researchers.


Recognition of species is essential in a variety of domains, most remarkably biology, biogeography, ecology, as well as conservation. The genus Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) has over 120 species spread across Europe and Asia's temperate zones. According to the most remarkable current treatments, nine species recognize Stellaria in Iran. These species are categorized into two types. Despite the broad distribution of several Stellaria species in Iran, no research on their genetic variability, method of divergence, or dispersion trends is accessible. As a result, we conducted genetic and morphological research on six Stellaria species and two of their closest relatives gathered from various habitats in Iran. This research aims to 1) Can SCoT markers be utilized to recognize Stellaria species? 2) What are the genetic characteristics of the mentioned taxa in Iran? and 3) To examine the interrelation of the species. In this research, ten SCoT markers were employed for molecular analysis, and 112 accessions were utilized for morphological study. The genetic distances were calculated using the Jaccard similarity coefficient, and descriptive data on the populations were used to estimate genetic parameters. There were 98 polymorphic bands all over. The integration of morphological and SCoT data demonstrated that the Stellaria species of Iran could be delimited and recognized. The Stellaria species are genetically unique; however, they share some similar alleles, according to AMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses. Introduction The delimitation of species is significant in various biological fields, including ecology, biogeography, and plant preservation. Species delimitation is accomplished using both tree-based and non-tree-based methods. In the first technique, species are classified into distinct clades depending on synapomorphic traits (phylogenetic species concept); however, in the second method, species could be identified using any taxonomic feature and gene flow evaluations. Wiens and Penkrot (2002) recommended using DNA as well as morphological data for species delimitation. In contrast, Knowles and Carstens (2007) focused on how molecular data (for example, DNA sequence data is utilized to generate gene trees) could be utilized to delimitate species. The former writers utilized coalescent simulations for evaluating the species limitations and combined information from numerous loci. They demonstrated the relevance of population genetics in determining the boundaries of a species. *Corresponding author, E-mail: email@example.com; email@example.com College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China Department of Development, Faculty of Advanced science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran


Air pollution is a major environment issue in smart cities. Millions of people around the world are at health risk due to the air pollution. Real- time monitoring of Air Quality helps to identify the current situation of city which helps the government and inhabitants to take precautionary measures. Internet of things (IoT) based sensors have changed the way for monitoring of Air Quality Index (AQI). However, requirements of architecture for analyzing and monitoring of large data generated by the IoT devices are not fulfilled. In this article, we have proposed Apache Spark based architecture for smart urban planning which makes use of the big data analytics in classifying the air quality. The proposed architecture is implemented on the data set of vehicles pollution of Aarhus city in Denmark. The results show that the proposed architecture is efficient and accurate for analyzing and classifying the AQI.