A combined experimental and theoretical study of the electron donor 4-dimethylaminopyridine (4-DMAP) with the electron acceptor 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) has been made in acetonitrile (ACN) and methanol (MeOH) media at room temperature. The stoichiometry proportion of the charge transfer (CT) complex was determined using Job's and photometric titration methods and found to be 1:1. The association constant (KCT), molar absorptivity (ε), and spectroscopic physical parameters were used to know the stability of the CT complex. The CT complex shows maximum stability in a high-polar solvent (ACN) compared to a less-polar solvent (MeOH). The prepared complex was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, NMR, powder X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The nature of DNA binding ability of the complex was probed using UV–visible spectroscopy, and the binding mode of the CT complex is intercalative. The intrinsic binding constant (Kb) value is 1.8 × 106 M–1. It reveals a primary indication for developing a pharmaceutical drug in the future due to its high binding affinity with the CT complex. The theoretical study was carried out by density functional theory (DFT), and the basis set is wB97XD/6-31G(d,p), with gas-phase and PCM analysis, which supports experimental results. Natural atomic charges, state dipole moments, electron density difference maps, reactivity parameters, and FMO surfaces were also evaluated. The MEP maps indicate the electrophilic nature of DDQ and the nucleophilic nature of 4-DMAP. The electronic spectrum computed using time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) via a polarizable continuum salvation approach, PCM/TD-DFT, along with natural transition orbital analysis is fully correlated with the experimental outcomes.


This is a partial list of people named in the Pandora Papers as shareholders, directors and beneficiaries of offshore companies. In total, 35 current and former national leaders appear in the leak, alongside 400 officials from nearly 100 countries. More than 100 billionaires, 29,000 offshore accounts, 30 current and former leaders, and 300 public officials were named in the first leaks in October 2021.[1] An estimated $32 trillion may be hidden from being taxed, according to reports.[2]


The purpose of this research was to produce an interactive CD media on the processing of continental pastry to improve the quality of learning in continental and culinary courses. The quality of media feasibility is based on the assessment of media experts who consider the criteria "good," with the percentage criteria earned at 77.5%. The evaluation of media experts who review the rules "excellent" has a value of 90%. This media can be considered "feasible" as it can be used for learning in terms of media and technical aspects.


Anyone who undertakes to do an overview of so large an area as studies on "the South Asian bilingual's verbal repertoire and the functional allocation of languages" within so small a space as permitted by this review deserves her predicament. The problem lies in the complexity and diversity of the situation, and the danger of inanity resulting from oversimplification. However, since the alternative is to wait for book-length treatments which have yet to be written, and in the meanwhile, suffer the omission of a prime example of a multilingual region from a volume devoted to multilingualism, I shall compromise by treating only the broadly representative situations and trends and ignoring the (sometimes more interesting) particularities of a given language or an individual contact situation.


The authors define the concept as the most effective mechanism for interrelation between subject and metasubject knowledge in teaching literature. The article notes that notions, based on the concept, belong to the area of knowledge, while cultural meanings and individual associations make the metasubject content of the concept. The article discusses three stages of the concept development illustrated by the block of lessons and specifies instructional techniques used to realize the interrelation of subject and metasubject-knowledge.


Water and mud inrush are easy to occur in the process of karst tunnel driving, in order to reduce the risk of tunnel construction, TETSP is used in the prediction of karst cave, water gushing and mud gushing in a karst area of Longxing tunnel. The characteristics of TETSP geophone, detection principle and arrangement of observation system are introduced. The signal-to-noise ratio of TETSP data under blasting and hammering is compared. The corresponding unfavorable geology abnormal law of TETSP is summarized. Several conclusions are drawn as follow. Firstly, the TETSP geophone with direct coupling method has high installation efficiency and can obtain the original waveform with high signal-to-noise ratio. Secondly, the seismic reflection data collected by blasting is higher quality than that by hammering excitation. Thirdly, the abnormal law of the corresponding TETSP of large-scale karst cave and dissolution fracture zone present as that the P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity are low but Poisson's ratio is high. The prediction results of TETSP are consistent with the actual excavation of the tunnel which provide an important reference for the safe construction of the tunnel.


In this work, a new photochemical was isolated from the n-hexane extract of Mesua ferrea L. (seeds). The obtained compound was characterized to be an aliphatic compound namely, Pentatriacontan-8-one. The identification was done with the help of spectral techniques (IR, 1H NMR, Mass spectrum, elemental analysis) and chemical analysis. The compound being novel is first time reported by us.


A two‐layer frequency‐selective surface (FSS) is proposed for the suppression of far‐side lobes of radiating elements as an extension of the single‐layer FSS that is used for the suppression of near‐boresight side lobes. Based on the affinity of the proposed structure with the Fabry–Perot resonator, a method is developed for its analysis and design. The limitations of the method of analysis are discussed. A guideline is given for the design of a double‐layer FSS structure for the suppression of far‐side lobes of a radiating structure. A double‐layer filter is designed, fabricated, and used in conjunction with several radiating elements which achieve suppressed side lobes in the angular range of 40°–50° by 15 dB. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 428–432, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11239


In the context of the rapid development of Internet technology, information security is particularly important, especially at present there is growing incidence of attack targeting at the host and a variety of attacking means, which does a lot of harm. To do preventive work well is to figure out what risks threatening the host and formulate timely and effective measures to protect the host.The first computer in the world came out in 1946 in the USA. With the birth of this computer, the computer technology of humankind has made spectacular development for more than the last half century and penetrated into all aspects of our lives till today. Compared with traditional means of communication, the Internet has greatly facilitated our lives, which led to the growing dependence on the Internet as well. While technology is a double-edged sword, the Internet information security is also very acute problem, which greatly troubles people's work and life. As the most fundamental part of a computer system, the host security problem draws people's attention in particular.


Preface. Part I: THE AMERICAN DEMOCRACY. 1. Government and the People. 2. The Constitutional Framework. 3. The Federal System. 4. Civil Liberties and Citizenship. 5. The Struggle for Equal Rights. Part II: POLITICS AND PEOPLE. 6. Public Opinion. 7. Interest Groups. 8. The Media and Politics. 9. Political Parties. 10. Political Campaigns and Candidates. 11. Voting Behavior and Elections. Part III: THE POLICYMAKERS. 12. The Congress. 13. The President. 14. The Bureaucracy. 15. Justice. Appendices: The Declaration of Independence. The Constitution of the United States of America. Presidents of the United States. Selections from the Federalist Papers. Endnotes. Glossary. Credits. Index. Presidential Election Results, 1940-2004.


In magnetomotive ultrasound (MMUS), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are used as a contrast agent. A time-varying magnetic field displaces the MNPs which in turn move their closest surrounding - a motion detected with ultrasound. A limiting factor for MMUS is the magnetic force magnitude decay with depth, which restricts the imaging area. Several attempts to extend the imaging depth have been suggested, such as magnetic field generator configuration or choice of MNP core materials. In this study we present a new approach by modifying the design of the contrast agent using a commercially available nanoparticle with a nano-flower shaped iron oxide core (synomag®-D, micromod, Germany). In order to evaluate the performance of this particle, a conventional particle (perimag®, micromod, Germany), was used for comparison. Using an electromagnet with a cone shaped iron core as a field generator, the induced MMUS displacement of the two MNP varieties where analyzed when altering the magnetic field strength and magnetic field frequency. Further, by using a more clinically relevant magnetic field setup, the depth where the synomag MNPs could produce significant MMUS displacement, was evaluated. The synomag MNPs produced a 1.8 times larger displacement than the perimag MNPs. At 52mm, MMUS displacement was still detectable using synomag MNPs. This indicates that the particle design plays an important role in MMUS imaging. Moreover, this study also confirms that MMUS imaging at clinically relevant depths is possible.


Three types of mixed oxides with the perovskite-like structure: La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3+�/ , Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3+�/ and La2Ni0.9Co0.1O4-�/ were synthesised by the solid state method, and characterized. Analysis of XRD patterns revealed that differences in cation dimensions forming the perovskite structure are the reason of structural imperfections and lattice stresses. The manufactured powders were composed of one phase and revealed very low porosity of particles, which favours the obtainment of dense sinters. In order to improve the forming properties of the powders, granulates were prepared, that showed higher specio c surfaces in comparison with the original powders. The additional heat treatment during the fabrication of powders improved the perovskite-like structure of the studied materials. The manufactured membranes showed good mechanical strengths and relatively low thermal expansion coefo cients. SEM micrographs of membrane surfaces revealed the presence of large grains and narrow grain boundaries, which allowed transport of oxygen ions through membranes to be easy through the membranes. The highest value of oxygen permeation ? ux of 0.822 ml/(cm2·min) at 950°C was measured for the thin dense membranes fabricated from Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3+�/ .


The growth of population in the developing countries, depopulation, population «aging» and changes in ethnic composition in the developed countries demonstrate opposite trends in the modern world. In this connection, birth control is highly relevant issue.


Everyone is guaranteed the right to health and mental health protection. With reference to the above, the activity carried out by the entity using the environment (or a natural person) that threatens life or health of people, should be withheld by an authority competent in the area of environmental protection, by an administrative decision, which refers to any negative activity causing such a threat.


In the title compound, C40H44O3, the fluorene ring system is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.075 (3) Å, and forms dihedral angles of 70.62 (8) and 70.31 (8)° with the mean planes of the central benzene ring and the methoxyphenyl ring, respectively. Both the hexyl side chains have different conformations, i.e. an anti–gauche–anti–gauche conformation with C—C—C—C torsion angles of −169.3 (2), 74.2 (4), −178.0 (3) and −76.0 (6)° for one hexyl side chain and an anti–anti–anti–gauche conformation with C—C—C—C torsion angles of −177.9 (2), −176.5 (3), 171.7 (4) and 80.4 (9)° for the other. Four C atoms in one and two C atoms in the other hexyl side chains are each disordered over two sets of sites, with occupancy factors of 0.761 (3):0.239 (3) and 0.660 (6):0.340 (6). In the crystal, molecules are via pairs of C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers and resulting in R 2 2(28) graph-set motifs.


Basic and ultrabasic rock of Mesoproterozoic Era,classified into first term(I) of which rock occurs in layer,layer-like basic to ultrabasic complex as well as second term(II) of which rock occurs in basin-like intermediate to basic complex,developed in Baotan area,Northern Guangxi.The active form of second term magma is intruding from many centers with developed liquation and differentiation for deep magma together with favourable metallogenic condition for copper and nickel.Isotope chronology disclosed that the coppernickel sulfide deposit had been formed in two terms with its metallogenic model of two terms in several phases.It has also pointed out that the main metallogenic sites are the bottom of the magma dome structure,the intrusive channels of underlying magma as well as the fault structure in its vicinity.


This article presents a theoretical analysis of the modal dispersion curves of an annular waveguide with a core cross section bounded by two hypocycloids. This cross section can be conceived as having the shape of a distorted annular square and leads to a tolerance study of deformation in an annular square waveguide. We take a new and appropriate coordinate system (ξ, η, z) for the proposed geometry and impose boundary conditions under the weak guidance approximation. The characteristic equation is then derived analytically. Finally, we show some numerical results in the form of modal dispersion curves. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 142–145, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10849


It has been an honour and a privilege to serve as president of IWMSA and I thank members for their support over the past six years : four years as the chair of the KZN branch and two years as president.


Objective
To compare the prediction efficiency of four kinds of scale for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after emergency of a mass injury in Urumqi.

Methods
The 161 injured subjects were evaluated with 7-Item Screening Scale for PTSD (PTSD7), Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20(SRQ20) , Impact of Event Scale(IES) and Symptom Checklist90 (SCL-90) in the third or the fourth week after the injury , and 155 subjects completed the assessment.Two months after the injury , 128 injured subjects with 27 lost were interviewed and diagnosed based on the Structured Clinical Interview of DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (Patients' Edition).

Results
The highest critical scores of the scales' Youden index were 4 with PTSD7, 10 with SRQ20, 23 with IES and 158 with SCL-90 respectively.The sensitivity rates were 62.0%(31/19), 68.0%(34/16), 77.6%(38/11)and 69.6%(32/14), and the specificity rates were 78.7%(13/48), 78.7%(13/48), 65.6%(21/40)and 62.5%(21/35)respectively for the PTSD, which showed no significant differences (χ2=2.86, 6.38 , P>0.05). The areas under the ROC curve of the four scales were 0.782, 0.777, 0.756 and 0.775 respectively (P<0.01).

Conclusions
All of the four scales can predict PTSD efficiently.PTSD7 is simple and easy to use, so it's a desirable rating scale to predict PTSD.Traumatic events can cause comprehensive psychological impacts and the severity of psychological trauma may be the most important predictor of PTSD.

Key words:
Scale; Post-traumatic stress disorder; Prediction efficiency


To obtain capital and promote economic development, floating charge has been legalized in the British and American law. Floating charge is characterized by floating, the practices of which are not rare in china but not related legal provisions. The authors hold that floating charge should be legalized in China so as to perfect the country' s law of guarantee. However, the defects of floating charge system should not be ignored, and they can be minimized by proper system designing.


Background—Biodegradable polymers for release of antiproliferative drugs from drug-eluting stents aim to improve vascular healing. We assessed noninferiority of a novel ultrathin strut drug-eluting stent releasing sirolimus from a biodegradable polymer (Orsiro, O-SES) compared with the durable polymer Xience Prime everolimus-eluting stent (X-EES) in terms of the primary end point in-stent late lumen loss at 9 months. Methods and Results—A total of 452 patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to treatment with O-SES (298 patients, 332 lesions) or X-EES (154 patients, 173 lesions) in a multicenter, noninferiority trial. The primary end point was in-stent late loss at 9 months. O-SES was noninferior to X-EES for the primary end point (0.10±0.32 versus 0.11±0.29 mm; difference=0.00063 mm; 95% confidence interval, −0.06 to 0.07; Pnoninferiority<0.0001). Clinical outcome showed similar rates of target-lesion failure at 1 year (O-SES 6.5% versus X-EES 8.0%; hazard ratio=0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.40–1.68; log-r...


Direct liquid fuel cell 1 includes a cathode 4 and an anode 3, a fuel chamber (2), the anode of the at least one membrane (8) placed between the 3 and the fuel chamber (2). The membrane (8), a gas formed of a fuel chamber (2) towards the anode (3) from at or near the surface is configured or arranged so as to be accumulated in the vicinity of anode 3. Here, the gas is accumulated to the extent of substantially preventing the direct contact between the anode 3 and the liquid fuel. In addition, a method of preventing or reducing the fuel cracking on the fuel jeonjeo is disclosed. A liquid fuel cell, an anode, a cathode, a membrane, a capillary needle


Elastic-plastic wrinkling of compression loaded sandwich panels made with layered cores was studied analytically and experimentally. A core with a stiff layer near the sandwich skins can improve various properties, including wrinkling and impact strengths, with only a minor weight penalty. The 2D plane stress and plane strain bifurcation problems were solved analytically, save for a determinantal equation which was solved numerically. Experiments were performed on aluminum skin/foam core sandwich panels with different combinations of stiff and soft core materials. Good correlation between experiments and theory was obtained.


Administrative expenses of the new issues that may be shows performance of various aspects such as cost accounting (cost accounting), quality control, maintenance and maintenance, supply chain management, production, warehousing, health and safety, training and rehabilitation and other. Due to the nature of expenditure on these items is always a challenge between production managers and sales these costs are adjusted or extended. In order to measure the quality of a cost than the cost of prevention, quality assessment, internal failure and external failure costs are overhead and indicators related to the cost of the product cost of sales ratio was measured. The main goal of private companies the main research question in relation to increasing the company's profit margin is expressed as follows whether the focus is on quality costs can reduce the cost of goods? There were 4 main hypothesis and sub-hypothesis are. The relationship developed and the corresponding model in the company's 66 now in stock at 90 and 91 years, respectively. The results show the existence of an inverse relationship between the cost of quality and cost involved such a relationship between quality cost components is observed. The results indicate that increasing the cost of quality, the cost to sales ratio declining from. The results show inverse relationship between the sub-components of the cost of preventive and cost and quality assessment and cost involved with no significant correlation with other components. INTRODUCTION Cost is no economy in terms of total payments for a manufacturing unit of capital, land, labor and management to take action. The definition of this concept raises a concern that the economic outlook and management issues are not accepted as cost management disciplines and accounting for the introduction of commodity production is only expenses which stated they also always reduce the emphasis. In other words, the cost of corporate executives view accountants as sources of economic and monetary which is due to reach a certain goal or an obvious advantage in the past, consumed or consumed in the future. Between the costs associated with quality shipping are always controversial issues facing executives leave if the cost of quality which will lead to lower customer's satisfaction can affect a company's profitability. On the other hand, in some cases, reduce the cost of quality to safeguard the liquidity of the company and can reduce the cost of financing the company. Given that eliminates many of the costs of hedging and goods in order to reduce costs, increase customer's dissatisfaction and staff will naturally so many organizations as an essential component of quality to achieve customer satisfaction, leading to survival development and evaluation of a competitive situation. The concept of quality is beyond the reliability of the product and its purpose is to achieve a comprehensive quality also affect the performance of the organization. In addition, all quality-related activities are ultimately aimed at improving performance and increasing profitability must be at organizations in fact, this is the same problem that led to the formation and development of quality costs (Davis, 2003). Quality of costing can be obtained with the help of the company's balance sheet and compare the quality costs, the company's cost control and improved quality (Benevolent, 2005). Economic criteria in order to assess the cost of quality are a quality program and achieve everything that stakeholders expect companies which are also given. Cost of Quality is one method of identifying cost assessment carried out in the name of quality, activity-based costing determine the range of the feedback implementation costs were high. Costing, activity management tools create an ability to determine the actual costs associated with the production any technology product or service "costing activity" is the Cooper and Kaplan (1988) and its development partner Johnson tried them. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences ISSN: 2231– 6345 (Online) An Open Access, Online International Journal Available at www.cibtech.org/sp.ed/jls/2014/04/jls.htm 2014 Vol. 4 (S4), pp. 1586-1594/Ghasghaee and Fathollahi


This study concerns the problem of aperiodic-disturbance estimation and rejection in a modified repetitive-control system (MRCS). First, the configuration of an improved MRCS with an equivalent-input-disturbance (EID) estimator is constructed. The aperiodic disturbances are estimated by the EID estimator and their effect to the output channel are compensated by directly incorporating the estimates into the repetitive-control law. Next, the small gain theory and the separation theorem are used to derive the stability criterion. Then, the two-dimensional system approach and pole assignment are employed to constitute two independent design algorithms, one for the design of the state-feedback gains of the MRCS and one for the design of the EID estimator. Finally, a numerical example demonstrates the validity of the method.


The healthcare industry is shifting from motivating use of electronic health record (EHR) systems to promoting effective use of EHR systems as measured by patient care outcomes. This underpins the importance of understanding the process of actualizing the EHR affordances and learning how to motivate healthcare providers' use of EHR systems toward improving patient care. This study conceptualizes the process of perception and actualization of EHR affordances by drawing on the theory of affordances. We hypothesize and empirically investigate the role of user characteristics and patterns of use of EHR toward actualization of EHR affordances. To that end, we analyzed two-wave data collected from 91 healthcare professionals in an outpatient primary care clinic. Our findings support all the hypotheses. Our post-hoc analysis further shows the impact of different job roles on patterns of use of the EHR system. The theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.


At present, some problems such as inconvenient manual supervision, lack of real-time online supervision and poor online interaction during the implementation of soil remediation project. In order to solve the problems, the supervision method and system development of soil remediation project are studied based on sensing online and 3D mobile GIS technologies. The remediation environment are monitored with fixed sensors online and the heavy metal content are sampled with the mobile sensors. The status of soil remediation site is supervised in real time with video online. All the real-time sensing data are integrated and stored in the comprehensive database. The information of soil pollution and remediation environment is visualized with maps and charts in 3D geographic scenes in the system. In addition, the pollution degree evaluation and remediation effect analysis functions are implemented in system. It is proved with the project practice that the method and system are convenient for managers to monitor the environment on-site and supervise the status of soil remediation site in real time. The informationization and intelligence level of soil remediation project can be effectively improved.


Addition of calcium, strontium or barium nitrates to alumina powders promotes the crystallization "in situ" of calcium, strontium and barium hexaluminates during the sintering of green compacts. Calcium and strontium hexaluminates develop platelike structures randomly dispersed in the alumina matrix whereas barium hexaluminate does not. The strength and toughness of as-fired samples containing calcium or strontium hexaluminates are greater than those of the matrix. Materials containing barium hexaluminate have lower values. These composites maintain the same properties after aging for 30d at 35°C in aqueous or physiological solution and no chemical reaction between the ageing media and the hexaluminates was observed on examination by scanning electron microscope.


Background: Totally 10.4 million new tuberculosis cases are found during 2016 worldwide and 64 percentage of the cases are from India, Indonesia, China, Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria and South Africa. From the global perception (SEAR (South East Asian Region)), itis more important because it has 25 percentage of the world population, overall world level it has 30 percentage of poor population, this region is suffering from communicable and non-communicable. Due to the two-sword pandemic resurgence of HIV/AIDS & Tuberculosis, there is an increased mortality and morbidity prevalent worldwide. The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP), based on the internationally recommended Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse (DOTS) strategy, was launched in 1997 and implemented a phased expansion, achieving nationwide program coverage in March 2006 and currently reaches over a billion people in 632 districts/reporting units. Within the RNTCP, both diagnosis and treatment of TB are free. Objective: To examine RNTCP programme and study the challenges faced by the programme init's implementation. Methodology: A cross sectional quantitative study was conducted. For the purpose of getting data of TB patients, secondary data was used garnered via TB register maintained at UPHC. A complete enumeration sampling technique was employed for collection of data from TB patients via questionnaire. Result: It was found that the number of TB patients from 2015-2018 is almost constant every year. However, the numbers of MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients have increased during the years 20152018. There were certain challenges faced by the programme in its implementation, resulting in increased number of defaulter patients likeshortage of medicines, migration, stigma, addiction habits etc.


Objective To observe the incidence of myocardiac injury from the alternations of myocardiac enzymes spectrum in children with respiratory, intestinal or other systemic infective diseases, and discuss the value of the alternations of enzymes spectrum to the diagnosis of myocarditis.Methods The activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and its isoenzyme CK-MB, Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH),α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH) were tested in 1076 cases randomly selected in hospitalized children with infective diseases, 60 normal cases were served as control, and x+1.96s of the values of myocardiac enzymes spectrum as the upper limit of 95% was served as a standard value.Results Among 1076 cases, there were 839 cases with high values myocardiac enzymes spectrum, accounting for 77.97%. 602 cases with high levels of CK-MB singly account for 55.95%. According to the amendments to children myocarditis diagnosis submitted in Weihai conference in 1994, 239 cases were diagnosed as myocarditis, the incidence was 22.21%, 375 cases were suspected, 602 cases, accounted for 57.06%. According to the amendment to diagnosis submitted in Kunming conference in 1999 September the incidence was 6.04%.Conclusion The rate of cases with high myocardiac enzymes spectrum in infectious disease that myocadiac enzymes spectrum elevating was common. The reason may be that toxin produced by pathogens infected and tissue ischemia caused by diseases. Not all myocardiac enzymes spectrum elevating was caused by myocarditis or myocardiac injury.


With the development of computer science and the appearance of a great number of medical imaging equipments, large amounts of medical image data is produced in hospitals everyday. More and more medical images represent huge quantities of data that need to be safely stored, automatically processed and retrieved in an intelligent way. Thus people raised that Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) technology could be applied to medicine. The main idea of CBIR is to establish image feature vectors as their index which based on color, texture, shape and other information contained in images. Since most of medical images are gray images, the general color-based retrieval method is incapable, texture-based and shape-based retrieval methods are widely adopted. This article introduces how the texture feather of a thyroid gland SPECT image is gained by means of gray level co-occurrence matrix, and how the images from database which reveal the same disease as retrieval image be retrieved. Keywords-CBIR; texture feature; gray level co-occurrence matrix


William Smith's 1815 geologic map A Delineation of the Strata of England and Wales with Part of Scotland did not initially portray the stratum 'Trap Rocks'. He did, however, include 'Trap Rocks' on...


The two-dimensional CPN-1 model — a simple field-theoretic analogue of four-dimensional quantum chromodynamics (QCD) — is analysed and reviewed. The major themes are the temperature dependence of the CPN-1 model, and the analogy between CPN-1 and QCD. A detailed treatment of the 1/N approximation of the CPN-1 model is given. The main results emerging from this approximation are discussed at length. These are: asymptotic freedom, dimensional transmutation, confinement and topological charge nonquantization at zero temperature T = O, screening and topological charge quantization at finite temperature T. The analogy with QCD is explained in detail. A new, qualitative, analysis of the CPN-1 model at finite temperature is introduced. This approach exploits the conformal invariance of the model to "heat" an arbitrary CPN-1 field from T = O to finite temperature. This is achieved by conformal-transforming the flat Euclidean space-time of the T = O theory to the cylindrical space-time of the finite temperature theory.


Interactions between plasmas and their surrounding materials (plasma facing components) are of great interest to present and future magnetic fusion experiments, and ITER [ITER Physics Basis Editors, ITER Physics Exper Group Chairs, ITER Joint Central Team, and Physics Inte gration Unit, Nucl. Fusion 39, 2137 (1999)] in particular. This interest is the result of concerns with the survivability of these materials, as well as the impact of these interactions back on the plasma. These interactions begin on the surface, but can have consequences a few microns into the material.This mini-conference on these "first microns" was designed to bring to the Division of Plasma Physics Meeting experts on these topics who would otherwise not attend. At the same time, the mini-conference was intended to expose the broader fusion community to these issues. The mini-conference covered in three, half-day sessions the topics of lithium coatings and surfaces, mixed materials characteristics, and issues associated with graphite.


This essay analyses the similarities and differences between environmental history and Annals School from the perspective of humankind.One similarity between them is to renew and enrich the rule and activity of humankind,therefore,the historical texts of both Annals School and environmental historians did not only highlight the outstanding contributions and extensive activities of the elite,but also restored non-elite,forsaken by traditional historiography,from others of history to subjects.However,they have their own uniqueness on the knowledge of the relationship between men and environment,the cognition of the creators of history,the involvement with the sphere of human activities and their influences to nature,and the narration or reproduction of human activities.


PURPOSE: To simultaneously perform scanning and image change and to supply information on the position and size of an input medium for scanning it by supplying one of the plural input media to the scanning position of a scanner and scanning it. CONSTITUTION: A device for supplying plural cassettes 22 to the scanner 10 provided with one scanning position is provided with the device for housing the plural cassettes 22 at a prescribed position and the device for moving the desired cassette 22 between a specified position in the device for performing housing and the scanning position of the scanner 10.


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A simple calculation procedure for predicting quantities of residue left in a tank after cargo discharge has been developed. A comparison of calculated values and 38 data points obtained from measurements on board seagoing tankers (2000 t and 30000 t) and an inland tanker (1000 t) showed on average very good agreement -- despite the inevitable scatter in the measurements due, for example, to uncontrollable variations in cargo discharge and tank washing procedures. The importance of a well defined tank stripping procedure has been demonstrated.


Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) has been proposed as an independent predictor of ventricular arrhythmias. Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess if myocardial scar characterization could enhance the risk stratification for life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Methods We included patients with an indication for ICD or CRT-D implantation who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance for clinical proposes since February/2018 and in whom a 3D-LGE dataset was obtained. Patients with channelopathies (n=2) or inappropriate imaging quality (imaging artifacts; n=7) were excluded. Scar characterization using ADAS software was performed in 3D-LGE datasets in all but 5 patients, where 2D datasets were used. The primary endpoint was the composite of appropriate ICD therapy (classified as ATP or shock) or SCD. Results A total of 75 patients were analysed (mean age 63 ± 13 years; 83% male; mean LVEF 31 ± 13%; 50 patients with ischemic and 25 with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy; 14 patients received a device in the setting of secondary prevention). During a median follow-up of 1.4 years (IQR 0.7 – 2.4 years) there were 15 events (12 appropriate ICD therapies [8 shocks and 4 ATP] and 3 SCD). No statistically significant differences were found between patients with or without events in terms of scar mass, border zone (BZ) mass, BZ channels (BZC), BZC mass, number of channels detected, and scar heterogeneity (BZ mass / scar mass ratio) - all p values > 0.2 – Figure. Restricting the analysis to only primary prevention cases yielded similar results. Overall, 11 patients did not show any channel. Two of these experienced an arrhythmic event, yielding a negative predictive value of 80% (95% CI 75-83%) for the absence of channels. Conclusion In this cohort with still relatively limited follow-up duration, no single parameter reflecting scar tissue characterization was able to predict appropriate device therapies or sudden cardiac death.


Handmade somatic cell cloning(HMC) technology resolves the huge difficulty for the application of somatic cell nuclear transfer technology in the actual production which is the high equipment costs.It is not only save more costs by using self-made micro-knife,but also could fit user's customary well,so it improves cutting efficiency.The results showed that the speed of enucleation was 496 oocytes per hour by cutting oocytes used self-made micro-knife and the recovered rate was 88.14%.Moreover,the feature of Well of Well needle which was easy to produce and could be polished.It was play a important role in cost saving and improving efficiency of HMC technology.


In previous work we identified a group of children (n = 48) between the ages of 10-18 years whose diagnostic workup for chronic nausea unexplained by conventional diagnostic tests revealed that 60% had underlying cardiovascular instability (n = 30) presenting as orthostatic intolerance (OI). The OI could be sub-classified based on head up tilt (HUT) testing into three groups: Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), orthostatic hypotension (OH) and syncope. Children with OI in all three groups had a greater reduction in autonomic control upon HUT manifested as greater loss of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and heart rate variability (HRV) and higher norepinephrine levels compared to those in the non OI group. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with impaired vascular responses to vasoconstrictors and alterations in autonomic control mechanisms in adults. In this study we sought to determine if vitamin D level is lower in these pediatric OI subjects and if it correlates with the hemodynamic responses to tilt. Serum 25(OH)D tended to be lower in OI vs non OI (18.6 ± 0.7 ng/ml, n = 25, vs 22.2 ± 2.4 ng/ml, n = 15; p = 0.16). Most importantly 25(OH)D showed a high positive correlation with supine measures of BRS (seq ALL, R = 0.51, p = 0.05), HRV (rMSSD, R = 0.44, p = 0.02) only in the OI group and there was a trend for a negative correlation with sympathovagal balance ( LF/HF ratio: R =-0.35, p = 0.08). Low 25(OH)D correlated with greater loss of both BRS (R = 0.51, p = 0.01) and HRV (R = 0.44, p = 0.05) upon HUT. These findings support the concept that low vitamin D may contribute to impaired responses to tilt in OI subjects. Further work is needed to evaluate if vitamin D supplementation will improve the vascular and hemodynamic responses to tilt and help improve the OI symptoms. Our goal is to provide a safer therapeutic alternative for the treatment of OI in children.


In order to explore the overall competence of Chinese Man's Team of short-track speed skating,we through audio taping the games,surfing the Internet,comparing and analyzing the data statistically,sorted and analyzed the scores gained by male athletes in term of events and countries in Short-track Speed Skating 2007—2008 World Cup.This will provide reference for the future games.


Abstract Sennikov A. N.: Critical notes on the genera Hieracium and Pilosella (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) in the Himalayas. — Willdenowia 42: 85–88. June 2012. — Online ISSN 1868-6397; © 2012 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. Stable URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.42.42110 The species of Hieracium and Pilosella of the sunflower family tribe Cichorieae recorded from the Himalayas (within India and Pakistan) are revised from selected specimens. H. korshinskyi, H. kuusamoense and H. subramosum are reported in place of H. vulgatum, and H. robustum in place of H. crocatum. The presence of H. umbellatum and H. virosum is confirmed. Four species are new to India, one is new also to Pakistan. All the species are present also in Central Asia.


Minute volume, tidal volume, respiratory frequency, end-tidal carbon dioxide, and ventilatory response to carbon dioxide inhalation were studied during anesthesia at three different concentrations of end-tidal methoxyflurane, 0.19, 0.37, and 0.82 per cent, in 12 unpremedicated patients prior to surgery. Minute volume rose during light anesthesia and fell with increasing concentrations. Tidal volume decreased progressively from 0.49 liters awake, to 0.22 liters at the highest concentration, while respiratory rate rose from 11 to 22 per minute. End-tidal carbon dioxide rose progressively from 38.6 torr while awake, to 43.4 torr during deep anesthesia. More striking was the change in slope of the carbon dioxide response curve, which decreased progressively with increasing depth of anesthesia from 56 per cent of the control response in light anesthesia, through 28 to 9 per cent during deep anesthesia. An estimate of MAC for methoxyflurane in this study was 0.17 per cent, which agrees with previous reports despite employment of different criteria.


The effect of catalyst on the thermal decomposition of MgSO/sub 4/ and CaSO/sub 4/ in vacuum was studied as a function of time in Knudsen cells and for MgSO/sub 4/, in open crucibles in vacuum in a Thermal Gravimetric Apparatus. Platinum and Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ were used as catalysts. The CaSO/sub 4/ decomposition rate was approximately doubled when Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ was present in a Knudsen cell. Platinum did not catalyze the CaSO/sub 4/ decomposition reaction. The initial decomposition rate for MgSO/sub 4/ was approximately 5 times greater than when additives were present in Knudsen cells but only about 1.5 times greater when decomposition was done in an open crucible.


Systems Engineering (SE) has been variously defined as an approach, discipline, process, practice, or similar other terms. Each of these terms presents issues especially when compared to other traditional engineering specializations. It is best to think of SE as a skill‐set that can be promoted among the engineering population in general but, more importantly, in a smaller group whose members lead multidisciplinary groups (e.g. chief engineers). A specific skill‐set is derived from INCOSE and NASA competency models using a design structure matrix type approach. This framework uses commonly understood terms in the industry to encourage adoption by a company's engineering leadership. It is recommended that large engineering companies encourage the SE skill‐set by including key SE experts in technical career ladders. The formation of an SE tools and methods group is also recommended that can drive and harmonize SE practice in all technical areas of a large engineering company.


Novel palladium(II) complexes with bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methane ligands at the focal point of G0-G3 poly(aryl ether) Fréchet-type dendrons are reported. The molecular structures of the metallodendrimer series G0, G1, and G2 [(dend)CH(3,5-Me2pz)2(PdCl2)] have been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The three structures show a similar three-dimensional organization of the metal complex, which is progressively engulfed by the branches with increasing dendrimer generation.


In non-cooperative communication systems,the roll-off factor of the transmitter is unknown for the receiver.In order to demodulate the signal correctly,the receiver must estimate this parameter from the observed data.So it is of great significance to investigate the effects of roll-off factor error on the QAM system.This paper,based on the simulation,analyzes the effects of roll-off factor error on the performance of the receiver with symbol timing recovery and without processing.The results show that the effect is very small.It is reasonable to set the receiving roll-off factor to be 0.5-0.7 without knowing the transmitting roll-off factor,and thus it is of the smallest impact on receiving performance.This conclusion is very important in non-cooperative communication.


We introduce an extension of the incompressible Euler equations to General Relativity and show that the equations proposed correctly reduce to the incompressible Euler equations in the Newtonian limit as $c\rightarrow \infty$. For the case of constant energy density, we show that the "rescaled" pressure satisfies an elliptic equation on each of the hypersurfaces orthogonal to the fluid four-velocity. We expect that this elliptic equation generally induces infinite speed of propagation into the system.


The paper comparably clarifies the common characteristics of Cyberspace,philosophy of Jean Baudrillard and post-modernism literature.We deem the occurrence of Cyberspace actualizes the world that post-modernism philosophy and post-modernism literature described.Basing on the comparability we discuss the resemblance of the three.


Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and behavioral responses of pigs administered sodium nitrite, determine an ideal dosing rate by oral drenching of sodium nitrite for depopulation events, and evaluate the nitrite residue present in the ocular fluid and skeletal muscle after sodium nitrite administration. Materials and methods: Four groups of 10 market weight pigs (40 market weight pigs total) and 1 group of 10 sows were used. Each group of market weight animals received a different oral drench dose of sodium nitrite solution (1× [400-441 mg/kg], 2× [800-882 mg/kg], 2.5× [1000-1102 mg/kg], and 3× [1200-1323 mg/kg]) and was observed for distress behaviors. Two market weight animals in each treatment group were implanted with a monitor to measure body temperature, heart rate, and activity levels. The dosing rate with apparent best behavioral and physiological response was applied to the 10 sows and the same behaviors monitored. After death was confirmed, ocular fluid and skeletal muscle samples were collected from the sows. Results: An increased dosage of sodium nitrite greatly reduced the time to distress with a significant linear relationship. A higher frequency of vocalizations and the most frequent spikes in activity levels were observed in the lowest dosing group. No correlation was found between ocular fluid nitrite and skeletal muscle sodium nitrite concentrations. Implications: Oral drenching of sodium nitrite is a viable method for swine depopulation events. Higher doses of sodium nitrite have better welfare associations. Ocular fluid nitrite anion concentrations do not correlate with sodium nitrite skeletal muscle concentrations.


Have you ever had to take a c lass outside o f your m ajor that seemed com  plete ly inapplicab le to your actual field of study? I have heard enough com pla ints in my c lasses to suspect that m any will answer yes. Daemen hopes that the fre  quency o f such com p la in ts w ill be reduced w ith the help o f a new core, one that em phasizes sk ills, com petencies, and integrated learning and shows stu  dents how different d isc ip lines com pli m ent one another. Under the new core structure, students m ust fu lfill 45 credit hours, which are d ivided into 3 serv ice learning credits, 18 free e lective credits and 24 cred its in learning com m unity form at. These learn ing com m unities will be groups o f stu  dents who take s im ilar core courses, at least som e o f which are related to a cen tra l theme. The courses in learning com  m unity fo rm at m ust also focus on one of seven core com petencies critica l thinking and problem solv ing, literacy in in form a tion and m ultim edia technology, com m u nication sk ills , affective judgem ent, moral and eth ical d iscernm ent, contextual com  petency, and c iv ic responsibility. A lthough the inform ation about the core seem s com plex, Dr. Edwin Clausen, V ice President o f Academ ic Affa irs, stated that the new core design w ill be ju s t as easy, if not easier, fo r students to follow as the old one. A lso, he said that the core and its goals w ill be explained very c learly to incom ing students through counselors and a t orientation. The new core structure was created by a Core Design Com m ittee composed o f Daemen facu lty m em bers selected by the Facu lty Sena te o r by C lausen . They worked on the structure over the past two years a fte r the Educa tiona l Po lic ies Com m ittee (EPC) suggested that a change in the curricu lum m ight be warranted. According to Brogan, the Core Design Com m ittee rev iew ed lite ra tu re abou t in terd iscip linary stud ies and s im ila r pro gram s at o ther schools, corre lating both to create a proposal that the com m ittee believed would work at Daemen. C lausen said, "W hile ou r core is d istinct in the core com petencies we have chosen to em phasize, the way it is delivered is not new." He said that the best co lleges and un ivers ities in the country utilize in terd is cip linary programs. Professor M ichael Brogan o f the Physical Therapy departm ent served on the Design Com m ittee and is very enthusiastic about the new core. "I rea lly believe th is is an educational renaissance at Daem en," said Brogan. "I th ink students w ill have a great


In a recent Forum Essay in Pacific Conservation Biology, the well known ecologist Harry Recher argued that over the past three decades Australia had experienced a 'failure of science' and a concomitant 'death of nature'. In this essay we examine some of the propositions put forward by Recher (2015), with particular reference to the role played by neoliberal ideology in nature conservation in Australia. Since the early 1980s the neoliberal value system has effectively shaped a new paradigm for nature conservation in Australia with its own language, tools and institutions, and through such a process has redefined nature in its own terms. We focus on two of the most significant neoliberal, free-market mechanisms – (1) monetary valuation of biodiversity and of ecosystem services, and (2) the provision of complementary areas to offset losses of high-quality habitat – and show how they have come to dominate policy development and on-ground activities in wetland management and conservation in Australia. Despite the wide reach of neoliberal ideology, ecologists and conservation biologists seem largely unaware of its practical implications. In some cases, such as with offset programs and with carbon valuation, they have become complicit with the ruling ideology, without, it seems to us, being fully aware of their involvement, tacit or explicit, or of the likely connotations of that participation. Hedging the future of wetland conservation to 'market-driven environmentalism' is simply an expected overreach in the broader context of neoliberal economic and political ideology, and provides rich grounds for a critique in support of a more considered approach to nature conservation.


Marine bio‑resources have been utilized mostly by catch by mankind. In future however the marine bio‑resources are expected to be highly utilized by developing novel fi sh culture skills and food processing techniques. Fermentation skills are greatly contribut‑ ing to food producing and processing industries today. However most fermented products are terrestrial origin and marine origin products are quite limited. Especially a skill to fer‑ ment algal materials (plant materials of marine origin) has never been developed in the fi eld of fi sheries industry. The author fi rstly developed a skill to perform a lactic acid fermentation of seaweed. The following is a summary of the results obtained by the present study.


The public has become one of the main sources of pollution along with the population expansion and consumerism.In the meanwhile,global environmental management has been shifting from top-down regulations to multi-party participation.The public has been a key stakeholder in the environmental policy making.This paper is to study the readiness of Chinese citizen to pay environmental tax and/or fee based on the World Values Survey 2007.The logistic model shows environmental consciousness;development agenda and political trust are the three main key factors that influence people's support for government's economic tool to cure pollution.And these three factors are correlated and dynamic in the interaction between the government and the public.


An X-band MMIC power amplifier for radar application is developed using 0.25-μm gate length GaAs pHEMT technology. A bus-bar power combiner at output stage is used to minimize the combiner size and to simplify bias network. The fabricated power amplifier shows 38.75 dBm (7.5 Watt) Psat at 10 GHz. The chip size is 3.5 mm × 3.9 mm.


Laboratory experiments were carried  out in Technical college AL- Mussiab / Babylon during 2005  to study bioactivity of different concentration from ( aqueous , alcohol and hexane) extracts of bee venom collected from different workers of bees against some bacterial types that cause European Foul – brood Melissococcus plutom , Bacillus alvei and B. letrosporus which had been isolated from infected arched with disease . Two diffusion methods (digging and paper discs) were followed for the extraction of the venom . Results showed that digging diffusion method was more efficient for  test of bacterial inhibition which led to increase the activity of bee venom extract with general average 7.90 , 8.85 and 8.19  on M. pluton, B. alvei and B. letrosporus. Alcoholic bee venom extract showed high efficiency in inhibition for the same bacterial species above by digging method too with diameters average 8.15 ,9.76 and 10.59 mm respectively . while aqueous extract was the less efficient in bacterial growth of these bacterial species that reached 7.26 , 7.70 and 6.26 mm respectively in paper discs method  compared with control 6.00 mm. On the other hand 40% concentration of bee venom showed high effect of bacterial growth for  M.pluton , B. alvei and B. letrosporus with averages 10.60 , 15.60 and 15.60 mm respectively while 1% concentration had no effect in growth of these bacteria compared with control treatment 6.00 mm .Ther is an interaction between the diffusion method, concentration and the kind of the extract . The results reflected that Alcoholic extract at 40% con. by digging method gave a higher inhibition of growth 10.60 , 15.60 and 15.60 mm in M. pluton , B. alvei and B. letrosporus respectively.  40% con. of bee venom compounds however was more effective for bacterial species compared with Oxytetracyclin antibiotic that was very effective in B. alvei  and B. letrosporus and less effective in M. pluton bacteria .


This study aimed to describe the mathematical communication skills and personal
resilience students SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Ajibarang class X TKR 1. The
research is a qualitative descriptive. Sampling was done bytechnique, purposive
samplingthe subject of this research is based on the value of UAS which is
divided into three (3) groups, high achievement, a group of moderate
achievement, and low achievement groups. The instrument used to collect data is
mathematical communication ability tests, questionnaires, interviews, and
documentation. The results showed (1) Students with high achievements to master
all the indicators of the ability of mathematical communication is declared the
situation, the picture, the events of the day into the language of mathematics, and
in explaining the mathematical ideas in writing with the resilience of private
students proved to be good, where students use their potential himself in
completing a given task. (2) Students with achievement was less mastering
communication skills mathematical indicators that explain mathematical ideas in
writing with the students' personal resilience still depend on others to complete
tasks. (3) Students with lower ability not mastered all indicators mathematical
communication skills with the students' personal resilience still depend on others
and passive in asking, argue and in response to another friend's response.


The effect of temperature and salinity on sandstone permeability is critical to the feasibility of heat storage in geothermal aquifers. Permeability reduction has been observed in Berea sandstone when the salinity of the pore water is reduced as well as when the sample is heated. Several authors suggest that this effect is due to kaolinite clay mobilisation from the quartz grain surface; the mobilised particles subsequently plug the pore throats and reduce the permeability irreversibly. The expected hysteresis is observed when the salinity is reduced and increased; however, in contradiction with the throat plugging theory, the effect of heating is found to be reversible with cooling. In laboratory experiments we heated Berea sandstone from 20 o C to 80 o C and observed a reversible permeability reduction. The permeability of the heated samples increased at higher flow rates. We propose that in this case the mobilised kaolinite particles either remain suspended and thereby increase the fluid viscosity, or form porous aggregates that can be destabilized by hydrodynamic forces. To address how the pore scale distribution of kaolinite relates to the permeability of the entire sample, we relate permeability to the effective specific surface, Sp. The effective specific surface represents the average surface area that resists the flow through the sample of a volume of fluid. We propose that flow paths with a small Sp contribute more than proportionately to the total volume flux. Kaolinite mobilisation in pores with a small Sp diverts fluid flow through pores with a higher Sp, and thereby reduces permeability of the entire sample. In this paper, we use the DLVO theory to compare how temperature and salinity affect the surface interaction forces between quartz and kaolinite, as well as the interaction forces among kaolinite particles to evaluate whether heating can be expected to a) mobilise particles and b) result in kaolinite forming a suspension rather than plugging the pore throats.


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There are probably few places that conjure up images of desolation more than the depths of the earth's oceans. In these aquatic wastes there is little or no daylight, food is lacking and mates are in short supply.

Even so, going about your business undetected by predators in


We describe a new method for Automatic Gait Recognition based around the use of wavelet descriptors that model the periodic deformation of human gait. Wavelet descriptors have been used successfully to model the boundary of static or moving, rigid-bodied objects, but many objects actually deform in some way as they move. Here, we use wavelet descriptors to model not only the object's boundary, but also the spatio-temporal deformations under which the object's boundary is subjected. We applied this new method to the Large Gait Database, compiled at the University of South Florida (NIST/USF) and found that the wavelet descriptors obtained for each person appear to be unique and can be used for recognition. Successful recognition rates of over 94% were obtained from the Large Gait Database.


We investigated how the particles and the metals in RCA cleaning solutions contaminate wafer surfaces in 64M DRAM development process. The most dominant factor to keep the cleanliness of wafer in present process is the overall cleanliness of the system, rather than the purity of chemicals itself. The residual contamination on wafers can be kept below detection limits by optimizing the cleaning process and its operation parameters. Therefore the requirements of quality levels for the fed chemicals are supposed not so high for the present 64M DRAM development process.


The frequency of unauthorized actions to information systems (IS) in the process of their integration is steadily increasing, which inevitably leads to huge financial and material losses. According to statistics, internal users of IS, commit more than half of all violations. All of this forms "a dangerous group of risk". Existing approaches for IS security are mainly provided by specialized tools of differentiation of user access to information resources. The legal maintenance of information security is a set of laws, legal documents, regulations, instructions, manuals, requirements which are required in the information security system. Organizational and administrative support of the information security is a regulation of industrial activity and the relationship between performers in the legal and regulatory basis in the way that disclosure, leakage and unauthorized access to information come impossible or significantly hampered by carrying out organizational activities. The technical tools of protection include the hardware, software and cryptographic protection, which make difficult to attack, and help detect the fact of its occurrence, and help to get rid of the consequences of an attack. Behavioral methods, unlike signature, is based on models of IS with regular process operation and not based on information attacks models. The principle of behavioral methods is to detect discrepancies between the current modes of the operation of IS and full-mode model is laid down in the method parameters. Any such discrepancy is considered as an information attack. The algorithm of the signature method concerns to find the source of attack signatures in the data collected by the network and host intrusion detection system sensors. In the case that the required signatures are founded, intrusion detection system records the fact of the information attack, which corresponds to the signature found. The disadvantage of this group of methods is the difficulty of creating accurate models of the normal mode of IS functionality.


Plasmodium falciparum is a eukaryotic single cell which invades human erythrocytes. Within the host cell, the parasite is surrounded by the membrane of the parasitophorous vacuole. Parasite proteins are secreted either into the vacuolar space or are exported, by an as yet unknown mechanism, across the vacuolar membrane into the erythrocyte cytoplasm. In recent years, several groups have devised experimental approaches to follow the transport pathways of proteins from the parasite into the host cell. The concepts underlying these approaches and the peculiarities of the transport pathways are discussed and compared with protein transport in higher eukaryotes.


in every The of the a the be the only symptom lymphoblastic diagnosis. The article describes 3 clinical cases of patients with a lesion of the osteo-articular system in the onset of acute leukemia. Despite the current complex laboratory and instrumental research methods, a particular attention should be paid to the difficulties of differential diagnosis between acute leukemia and other lesions of the osteo-articular system.


Richard W. Budd and Brent D. Ruben, Beyond Media: New Approaches to Mass Communication (Rochelle Park, N.J.: Hayden Book Company, 1979—$9.95, paper) Robert F, Rich,"Knowledge Production and Utilization," a special issue of American Behavioral Scientist 22:3 (January/February 1979) James and Jean Morrow The Grammar of Media Kit (Rochelle Park, N.J.: Hayden Book Company, 1978—$295 for the complete set which includes 5 super-8mm films, 4 LP records, 20 comic books, 20 student workbooks, and one teacher's handbook, all available on a 30-day examination basis). Charles U. Larson Persuasion: Reception and Responsibility (Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth Publishing, 1979– S9.95, paper) Frank Brady and Joann Lawless' Brady & Lawless's Favorite Bookstores (Mission, Kansas: Sheed Andrews and McMeel, 1978—$12.95) Alan Wells, Mass Media and Society (Palo Alto, Calif.: Mayfield Publishing Co., 1979—price not given, paper) John L. Hulteng The News Media: What Makes Them Tick? (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1979—$7.9...


Objective To evaluate the short-term clinical efficacy and safety of 10-Hydroxy-camptothecin (10-HCPT) chemotherapy on gastrointestinal carcinoma. Methods We searched electronic database including CNKI (19952005), MEDLINE (19952005) and The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2005). More related research data were odtained by cantacting with researchers. Randomized controlled trials of gastrointestinal carcinoma chemotherapy comparing only or including 10-HCPT chemotherapy with normal chemotherapy on efficacy rate, digestive and hematology system toxicity were included. Data related to the clinical outcome were extracted by two reviewers independently. Statistical analysis was performed by using RevMan4.2.2. Results Twenty-five trials including 1 881 patients met the inclusion criteria. The results of meta-analysis were listed as follows: 10-HCPT could significantly improve the short-term chemotherapy efficacy for colorectal cancer ( RR 1.62, 95%CI 1.37 to 1.92)and gastric cancer (RR 1.48, 95%CI 1.18 to 1.85)in chemotherapy curative efficacy in short-term. 10-HCPT induced severe toxicity of lower digestive system(RR 0.96,95%CI 0.62 to 1.50) without statistical significance, while severe toxicity of hematology system was significantly higher than that of control with RR 1.27,95%CI 1.02 to 1.58. Conclusions Current evidence suggests that 10-HCPT can improve hematology system short-term chemotherapy efficacy for gastrointestinal carcinoma and increase the incidence of severe toxicity. Further research is needed to value its influence on the prognosis of gastrointestinal carcinoma.


The goal of this study was to use an inexpensive macroscopic imaging system to monitor tumor progression in mouse models in real‐time with minimal intervention.


Article is devoted to life and Romain Hary's creativity the French writer born in Russia, twice winner of the Prix Goncourt. The unusual humanity and spirituality of R. Hary's works makes him related to Russian literature.


The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the leisure participation of on their leisure satisfaction and school adjustment. The subjects in this study were 358 students at a middle school located in Gyeonggi Province, on whom a self- administered survey was conducted. The collected data were analyzed by the statistical package SPSS WIN 18.0. Statistical data on mean and standard deviation were obtained, and t-test and one-way ANOVA were utilized. Besides, Duncan test was carried out to make a post-hoc analysis. The findings of the study were as follows: First, as for differences in leisure satisfaction according to personal characteristics, there were significant intergroup differences according to both of gender and grade. Second, concerning differences in school adjustment according to personal characteristics, there were significant intergroup differences according to both of gender and grade as well. Third, regarding differences in leisure satisfaction according to the level of participation, there were statistically significant differences at p<.001 level of significance according to the experience, frequency and hours of participation. Fourth, as to differences in school adjustment according to the level of participation, there were statistically significant differences at the p<.001 level of significance according to the experience, frequency and hours of participation.


The fish biodiversity of the Ria de Aveiro has been analysed during the 20th century, as an indicator of the biological integrity of the ecosystem. Ninety-two distinct species and 38 families of Agnatha, Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes occurred during the period. The family and species richness showed two levels of magnitude, from the 1910s, with high values (26-28 families and 51-52 species), and during the last two decades with more variable values (20-27 families and 38-55 species). A total of 13 species (four non-sporadic species) have disappeared recently. The lagoon system has been affected by large-scale anthropogenic influences mainly the substantial development of industries and the increasing population in the watershed, in addition to overfishing, climatic changes and dredging. In general, as shown by an analysis of the ecotrophic guilds present, the area maintained a similar structure during the whole period. No significant differences in time were recorded for any of the designated guilds. The twenty-two frequent species, which occurred in six or seven surveys, were mainly estuarine resident species or marine adventitious species, living in the substratum (benthic fish), on soft substratum and vegetated bottoms. They were feeding either on invertebrates alone or on invertebrates and fish, and producing pelagic or benthic eggs. The 19 sporadically-recorded species, recorded only once, were mostly marine adventitious, demersal fishes, living above rough bottom and vegetation, feeding strictly on invertebrates, and producing eggs benthically or deposited into vegetation. It is concluded that the Ria de Aveiro estuarine coastal lagoon has supported similar fish communities during the past century and that these comprise representatives of various ecological types.


Education is a business that intentionally designed to achieve a set goal. Education aims to improve the quality of human resources. One effort to improve human resources is through the quality of school learning processes. Early Childhood Education (PAUD) is not a process of filling the brain with as much information as possible, but the process of growing, cultivating, motivating and providing an environment that enables children to develop their potential as optimally as possible. For this reason, managers and educators in Early Childhood Education are required to always explore, add and improve their knowledge and skills, because early childhood educators act as facilitators in developing the potential of students. The teacher has a very important role in the process of child development, it is undeniable that planning in learning needs to be prepared as much as possible. Currently the 4.0 industrial revolution echoed by the government is indeed a big challenge for educators. In the process of planning, the teacher must have innovation so that the designed learning becomes optimal.


Labour productivity and economic growth are the major factors to sustain and improve the performance and competitiveness of countries. The paper is devoted to the analysis of recent trends of labour productivity and economic growth in the European Union (EU) countries in post-crisis period in comparison with the trends in pre-crisis and crisis periods. The paper analyses the impact of changes in labour productivity and the effect on the macroeconomic indicators. The research focuses on the European Union countries that experienced the most severe crisis and afterwards the most rapid recovery in post-crisis period (as Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia). The research findings argue that there are weak or no relations between productivity increase and economic growth in pre-crisis period and the first phase of post-crisis period; however, the increase of productivity during the crisis is a significant driver of the economy after a period of time. The research covers the time period from 2004 to 2012 that can be subdivided into three periods – 2004-2007 (pre-crisis), 2008-2010 (crisis) and starting from 2011 (post-crisis). It should be stressed that "pre-crisis" period is defined only for research purposes (to compare pre and post-crises periods) and it is not an official definition of this time period, as well economic cycles strongly vary amid the countries. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.em.19.3.7819


This study of 19th-century local government examines the role of local government officials and the social origins of this growing bureaucracy. As the predecessor of the London County Council, the Metropolitan Board of Works was an important body and its officials formed and large and significant professional group, not hitherto studied in such depth.


Education and training in Australia are increasingly operating in an internationalised environment Overseas students are major sources of funds and enrolments, Australian institutions operate overseas and form a wide range of international partnerships, and holders of Australian qualifications work throughout the world. This paper discusses three sets of international developments and outlines their potential implications for Australian education and training: the development of bilateral Free Trade Agreements between Australia and individual countries in the Asia-Pacific region; the initiatives of groups of countries such as ASEAN and the East Asia Summit to strengthen educational cooperation on a multilateral basis; and, overshadowing all, the rapidly worsening international economic outlook. INTRODUCTION Education and training in Australia are becoming increasingly internationalised. In 2007 there were some 370 000 international students studying in Australia and a further 120 000 enrolled in Australian courses offshore. The number of international students studying in Australia has more than doubled since 2000. Australian institutions, students, teachers and researchers participate in an increasingly wide range of international activities. Around 18% of Australia's tertiary enrolments are by international students (OECD, 2008). This is the highest proportion among the 19 OECD countries for which comparable data are available, and is well above the OECD average of 7%. Among the other OECD countries only New Zealand (16%), the United Kingdom (14%) and Switzerland (14%) come close to the Australian proportion. The broad dimensions of international student enrolments in 2007 in Australia are outlined in Table 1. Just under 150,000 (40%) of all international students were enrolled in higher education, 94,000 (25%) were in VET, 81,000 (22%) were enrolled in English Language Intensive Courses for Overseas Students (ELICOS), 24,000 (6%) were in schools and a similar proportion were in other courses. The proportion of international students enrolled in higher education has fallen from about 47% in 2000 as enrolments in other sectors have generally increased more rapidly. Table 1 shows that the top eight source countries between account for just under two-thirds (64%) of international students in Australia (AEI, 2008a). China (22%) and India (14%) are by far the largest source countries. Economic and social developments in these countries are going to have the largest impact on international education enrolments in Australia. The table indicates that students from the main source countries differ in how they are distributed among the various sectors of Australian education and training. For example, the large majority (77%) of Malaysians studying in Australia were enrolled in higher education in 2007 and only 2% were in ELICOS. On the other hand, only 18% of Koreans studying in Australia were enrolled in higher education and 40% in ELICOS. These data underscore the need to be cautious of generalisation when discussing International developments 2 McKenzie international education as the factors that shape the demand for places in different sectors in Australia vary from country to country. Table 1: International students by source country and sector enrolled, 2007 Percentage distribution by sector Country Total students (% of all internat. students) Higher ed.


This paper used the vehicle-track coupling dynamic model to calculate the rail-wheel dynamic response,established a rail profile model,and built a FEM model of the rail welding joint under the real track condition.Analyses were made with this model.The stress distribution in the welding joint and the rail deformation trend were displayed.It was concluded that the stress concentration occurred at the connection of rail web and rail flange.The results checked with those from Japan Shinkanshen CWR welding joint.


This publication presents the role of clusters in the innovative capacity of regions based on the example of the Małopolska voivodeship. The background is the analysis of the relevant legislation and reference works. Any statistical data was derived from the resources of the Marshal's Office of the Małopolska Voivodeship, the Polish Patent Office and the Local Data Bank of Statistics Poland. Based on the reference works, the aspects of cluster structures in the innovative processes of the region were discussed in the article. The first part defines the notion of innovative capacity as an economic category which does not refer solely to the enterprise level but comprises individual regions as well. The above was connected with the cluster structure concept, identifying the benefits and opportunities resulting from entities' cooperation within clusters which translate into the innovation environment development as well. In the second part of the article, the individual aspects relating to cluster function in the Małopolska voivodeship were discussed, and their selected impact on the innovative capacity of the region was presented. To depict the innovation potential of the Małopolska voivodeship, four statistical indicators concerning the introduced innovations (when compared to the other regions) were linked to data on the cluster cooperation in the region. Referring to the traditional perception of the innovative capacity, the article's conclusions include relevant findings concerning the cluster structure's role in the innovative processes of the region.


The two types of design methods for nonlinear control systems have been proposed. One is based on the analytical approach, where a nonlinear controller is constructed through the energy balancing (EB) passivity-based control, and the other is based on the numerical approach, where a nonlinear controller is numerically approximated through a virtual optimal control algorithm, Moreover, those two methods are demonstrated to be efficient in the nonlinear situation through the design problem of a jet engine compressor model.


This article demostrates how the City of La Plata, headquarters of the Audiencia and the Archbishopric, became defined as the Provincial Court, the centre of courtesan life, and the ceremonial centre of the monarchy. Public ceremonies and etiquette served as an instrument for royal domination represented in the social hierarchy, which defined and limited the social mobility of protagonists in colonial society. Ruling class acceptance of norms of conduct identical to Royal Court, and a similar social hierarchy with similar norms allowed for the functioning of the competitive and antagonistic worlds of Charca´s society.


S OF THESES IN SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY FOR WHICH DOCTORATES WERE AWARDED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD IN 1999 JAGBlR JHUTII, A Study of Changes in Marriage Practices among the Sikhs of Britain. By settling in Britain pennanently, the Sikh community, like other ethnic minorities, attracted considerable interest. Studies in the 1970s and early 1980s focused on the prospect of a complete acculturation of ethnic minorities to British society. A 'cultural conflict' resulting from children being trapped 'between two cultures' was also expected. This study, for which fieldwork and interviews were undertaken between 1993 and 1997, moves away from such assumptions when considering how and why the institution of arranged marriages among the Sikh community has continued in Britain. Although the study shows that British Sikhs remain committed to maintaining their long-established cultural and religious traditions, this does not imply that cultural and religious practices have remained static. The changes that have Editors' note: The research theses in social and cultural anthropology listed here are those for which doctorates were awarded by the University of Oxford in 1999. The text of each abstract is as supplied by the author (though in one case the abstract has been shortened by the omission of all but the first three and last paragraphs). Those wishing to consult a particular thesis should apply to the Bodleian Library of the University or the British Library Lending Division (BLLD), which should be able to supply microfilmed copies or reprints on request.


In this paper we have presented a research for de-noising the EEG collected Brainstem Speech Evoked Potentials data collected in an audiology lab in University of Ottawa, from 10 different human subjects. Here the de-noising techniques we have considered are Yule-Walker Multiband Filter, Cascaded Yule-Walker-Comb Filter, Conventional Wavelet Transform estimation filters: Daubechies, Symlet, Coiflet Wavelet families, Translation Invariant (TI) Wavelet Transform estimation filter, FAST Independent Component Analysis (FASTICA) De-noising Technique, Combined algorithm of "Translation Invariant (TI) Wavelets and Independent Component Analysis" De-noising technique. The performance measures we have considered are Mean Square Error (MSE) and Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) values. Out of these techniques we found that cascading of Yule-Walker filter and Comb-Peak filter gave better De-noising performance than Yule-Walker Multiband Filter. Then conventional Wavelets performed far better than the cascaded filter, in those Daubechies family of wavelets worked better than all. Then FASTICA Algorithm worked near to the performance of Conventional Wavelets but far better than cascaded filter. Then we have utilized Translation Invariant (TI) wavelet algorithm which provided the excellent performance than above all. Then we have utilized combined Algorithm of "Translation Invariant (TI) Wavelets and Independent Component Analysis – CSTIICA" algorithm which found to be, it may perform better than TI wavelets algorithm. Ultimately TI and CSTIICA algorithms are found to be may be the best auditory artifact removal techniques and can be highly useful in auditory EEG data analysis to the best. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of organizing committee of the Eleventh International Multi-Conference on Information Processing-2015 (IMCIP-2015).


During the late Paleozoic (Pennsylvanian–Early Permian), the collision of Gondwana and Laurussia (Euramerica) created the Pangean supercontinent . That collision caused extensive tectonism along a then nearly equatorial zone that extended from eastern Europe to western North America . In the United States, from Illinois to Idaho, the Ancestral Rocky Mountains (ARM) formed as a lengthy belt of basement-cored uplifts (e .g ., Kluth and Coney 1981; McBride and Nelson 1998; Dickinson and Lawton 2003) . In New Mexico, these uplifts were mostly north-south oriented islands surrounded by shallow seas during the Pennsylvanian that were ultimately worn down and buried by alluvial sediments during the Early Permian (Woodward et al . 1999) . Deciphering many aspects of ARM tectonism in New Mexico has been difficult because few late Paleozoic structures are preserved intact (e .g ., Woodward et al ., 1999) . Indeed, most of these structures were reactivated by tectonism during the Late Cretaceous–Eocene Laramide orogeny or during the late Cenozoic tectonism associated with Basin and Range extension, notably of the Rio Grande rift . Perhaps the best documented ARM structures are those described by Bachman and Hayes (1958), Pray (1961) and others in the Sacramento Mountains of Otero County, where folded Pennsylvanian strata are truncated by nearly flat lying Permian red beds . Here, we document a small ARM structure in the southern Robledo Mountains of Doña Ana County . This structure is within the confines of the Prehistoric Trackways National Monument (PTNM) . The PTNM is approximately 2,137 hectares (5,280 acres) of land protected by an act of the U . S Congress primarily because of its world-class Early Permian trace-fossil assemblages (Lucas et al . 2011) . The trace fossils come from a lithostratigraphic unit referred to as the Robledo Mountains Formation of the Hueco Group (termed Abo Tongue or Abo Member of the Hueco Formation in older stratigraphic terminology, Seager et al ., 2008) . In the PTNM, the Robledo Mountains Formation is composed of approximately two-thirds drab-colored marine limestone and shale interbedded with one-third red terrestrial mudstone, siltstone and sandstone . The formation has an average thickness of 120 m . The siliciclastic red beds yield the trace fossils for which the PTNM was created . Voigt et al . (2013) recently argued that these sediments formed on a coastal floodplain during alternating wet and dry conditions . They based this conclusion on detailed sedimentological and ichnological analysis that indicates most of the trace fossils found in the Robledo Mountains Formation red beds were preserved on mud-draped surfaces within distal crevasse-splay siltstone to fine-grained sandstone . The physical and biological structures recorded in their study support the reconstruction of a freshwater ecosystem dominated


Immune responses rely on the rapid and coordinated migration of leukocytes. Whereas it is well established that single-cell migration is often guided by gradients of chemokines and other chemoattractants, it remains poorly understood how these gradients are generated, maintained, and modulated. By combining experimental data with theory on leukocyte chemotaxis guided by the G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) CCR7, we demonstrate that in addition to its role as the sensory receptor that steers migration, CCR7 also acts as a generator and a modulator of chemotactic gradients. Upon exposure to the CCR7 ligand CCL19, dendritic cells (DCs) effectively internalize the receptor and ligand as part of the canonical GPCR desensitization response. We show that CCR7 internalization also acts as an effective sink for the chemoattractant, dynamically shaping the spatiotemporal distribution of the chemokine. This mechanism drives complex collective migration patterns, enabling DCs to create or sharpen chemotactic gradients. We further show that these self-generated gradients can sustain the long-range guidance of DCs, adapt collective migration patterns to the size and geometry of the environment, and provide a guidance cue for other comigrating cells. Such a dual role of CCR7 as a GPCR that both senses and consumes its ligand can thus provide a novel mode of cellular self-organization. Description Dendritic cells modulate local chemokine gradients resulting in robust self-organizing patterns of collective migration. Editor's summary Dendritic cells (DCs) migrate over long distances to shuttle antigen from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes. Immune cell trafficking is mediated by chemotactic gradients, but whether DCs can modulate these gradients is unknown. Using a combination of live cell imaging and mathematical modeling, Alanko et al. identify a dual role for the GPCR CCR7 in controlling DC migration. In addition to sensing CCL19 through CCR7, DCs were able to modulate local chemokine concentration via Lfc-mediated endocytosis of CCR7, "sinking" CCL19 from the environment. This self-shaping of chemokine gradients facilitated the accurate migration of DCs, and these gradients could also be sensed by T cells. Together these findings demonstrate that CCR7 can function as both a sensor and a sink for CCL19, facilitating collective leukocyte migration. – Hannah Isles


An important area of research is that of the evaluation of e-health services. A holistic ehealth evaluation framework should address the aspects that are hampering the healthcare services from embracing the full potential of information and communication technologies towards successful e-health initiatives. Toward building a holistic evaluation framework for e-health services, this work is intended to address the challenges in developing such a framework, and to propose a roadmap that assists in dealing with the complexities in the development process of an e-health evaluation framework.


When a 67 year old woman on a flight bound for Florida developed crushing central chest pain radiating down her left arm, not one but 15 cardiologists leapt to her assistance. They were all en route to a cardiology conference in Orlando. Apart from the fact that she had more cardiologists in attendance than the average patient anywhere in the world, Minerva is curious to know whether they all wanted to follow the same protocol (BBC News Online 2 January 2004).


Thermal comfort is a comfort that relates to the room's temperature conditions such as heat and cold which is manifested from the sensor on the skin and conveyed to the brain. So, the body can adjust the temperature to the surrounding environment. According to the American Standard of ASHRAE 55 of 2009, The purpose of this study is to analyze the suitability of the thermal comfort standard at the At-Taqwa Mosque of the GegerKalong KPAD. The research is conducted by measuring the thermal comfort at the At-Taqwa Mosque. It uses an anemometer measurement tool. The aspects of thermal comfort measured are wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity. The measurement results show that the thermal comfort at the At-Taqwa Mosque is still below the standard. The results of this measurement are simulated on three digital software which are named Sunhour, Flowdesign, and CBE Thermal Comfort. The results of the simulations on these three software show the thermal comfort at the At-Taqwa Mosque doesn't approve to standard of ASHRAE 55 of 2009 because the highest temperature is on the western exterior area with 33.5 C and the lowest is on the eastern interior area with 23.6 C.


Resilience is the capability of a system to resist any hazard and revive to a desirable performance. The consequences of such hazards require the development of resilient infrastructure to ensure community safety and sustainability. However, resilience-based housing infrastructure design is a challenging task due to a lack of appropriate post-disaster datasets and the non-availability of resilience models for housing infrastructure. Hence, it is necessary to build a resilience model for housing infrastructure based on a realistic dataset. In this work, a Bayesian belief network (BBN) model was developed for housing infrastructure resilience. The proposed model was tested in a real community in Northeast India and the reliability, recovery, and resilience of housing infrastructure against flood hazards for that community were quantified. The required data for resilience quantification were collected by conducting a field survey and from public reports and documents. Lastly, a sensitivity analysis was performed to observe the critical parameters of the proposed BBN model, which can be used to inform designers, policymakers, and stakeholders in making resilience-based decisions.


As the potential for highly destructive cyberattacks grows, organizations must ensure that their procurement agents acquire high quality, secure software. ISO 12207 and the Software Assurance Competency Model, when used together, pro- vide a clear view of the activities, knowledge, and competencies required to procure secure software.


When I speak of a system of symbols, it must not be concluded that all symbolic systems are created by artificial conventions. Language and writing, all over the world, are natural systems, at least for the most part, and mathematical symbols are artificial systems. All symbolic systems, natural or artificial, serve extremely varied purposes in human life. It is here that the problem arises of the symbol's efficiency for the


Reviews the European Union Research programs in the area of personal mobile telecommunication systems and their position in the context of European telecommunications research and development. The ACTS program call for proposals was launched in 1994, and proposals are to be submitted by March 1995. This program will provide a unique opportunity for organizations to participate in, and influence, the development of future global third-generation advanced personal mobile communications systems. It is hoped that projects will be actively supported by telecommunications operators, equipment manufacturers, service providers, research institutes, universities and leading-edge users. The participation of users reflects the policy that ACTS projects must be user-driven to ensure that the research and development program benefits directly the application of the technology, and ensures that the projects are responsive to user requirements. By their very nature, mobile communications markets are global, which implies that different world regions need to cooperate, particularly in the area of standards development and frequency allocations, to ensure the widespread availability of advanced and affordable wireless services and applications. National and regional borders must be transcended, interconnection of networks, and interoperability of services and applications must he encouraged, all with the objective of ensuring, through the convergence of the telecommunications, computer and audio-visual industries, the enhancement of the quality of life in the mobile information age. >


Abstract Proximate composition and cholesterol content, fatty acid and amino acid profiles, selected mineral (Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Fe, Zn) and vitamin (niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, vitamin B12) content, total and soluble collagen content, and purine bases (adenine, guanine, xanthine, hypoxanthine) were determined in cultured sturgeon. White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), Italian sturgeon (Acipenser naccarii) and Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri) were individually analyzed. The results were reported as a whole, since no commercial distinction is made between the three species. Mean content (per 100 g wet weight) of protein, lipid, ash, and cholesterol was 19.23 g, 7.63 g, 1.09 g, and 66 mg, respectively. Saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acid contents were 1.76, 3.12, and 1.46 g/100 g wet weight, respectively;n− 3 PUFAs reached 1.18 g/100 g, whereasn− 6 PUFAs were 0.28 g/100 g. Then− 3/n− 6 ratio was 4.23. Compared to human requirements, sturgeon protein was especially rich in histidine and isoleucine (0.82 and 0.92 g/100 g wet weight, respectively) but rather poor in tryptophan (0.14 g). The Mg concentration was fairly good (46.8 mg/100 g), providing more than 15% RDA. Vitamin B12(1.27 μg/100 g), niacin (5.62 mg/100 g), and pyridoxine (0.44 mg/100 g) were able to meet 127, 31, and 22% RDA, respectively. Total collagen was 1.22 g/100 g wet weight, 68% of which was soluble. Xanthine was never detected. Adenine, guanine, and hypoxanthine mean levels were 15.47, 9.94, and 92.71 mg/100 g wet weight, respectively.


Resumen en: Mordenites with SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio (MR) of 13, 20 and 90 were exchanged with a Ni 2 + . The samples were characterized by XRD, EDS, DRS and TEM...


ABSTRACT Recently, we identified and classified 926 human endogenous retrovirus H (HERV-H)-like proviruses in the human genome. In this paper, we used the information to, in silico, reconstruct a putative ancestral HERV-H. A calculated consensus sequence was nearly open in all genes. A few manual adjustments resulted in a putative 9-kb HERV-H provirus with open reading frames (ORFs) in gag, pro, pol, and env. Long terminal repeats (LTRs) differed by 1.1%, indicating proximity to an integration event. The gag ORF was extended upstream of the normal myristylation start site. There was a long leader (including a "pre-gag" ORF) region positioned like the N terminus of murine leukemia virus (MLV) "glyco-Gag," potentially encoding a proline- and serine-rich domain remotely similar to MLV pp12. Another ORF, starting inside the 5′ LTR, had no obvious similarity to known protein domains. Unlike other hitherto described gammaretroviruses, the reconstructed Gag had two zinc finger motifs. Alternative splicing of sequences related to the HERV-H consensus was confirmed using dbEST data. env transcripts were most prevalent in colon tumors, but also in normal testis. We found no evidence for full length env transcripts in the dbEST. HERV-H had a markedly skewed nucleotide composition, disfavoring guanine and favoring cytidine. We conclude that the HERV-H consensus shared a gene arrangement common to gammaretroviruses with gag separated by stop codon from pro-pol in the same reading frame, while env resides in another reading frame. There was also alternative splicing. HERV-H consensus yielded new insights in gammaretroviral evolution and will be useful as a model in studies on expression and function.


Smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD) penalty is known to satisfy the desirable properties for penalty functions like as unbiasedness, sparsity and continuity. In this paper, we deal with the regression function estimation and variable selection based on SCAD penalized censored regression model. We use the local linear approximation and the iteratively reweighted least squares algorithm to solve SCAD penalized log likelihood function. The proposed method provides an efficient method for variable selection and regression function estimation. The generalized cross validation function is presented for the model selection. Applications of the proposed method are illustrated through the simulated and a real example.