Soil erosion is one of the global ecological and environmental problems, which is an important factor leading to land degradation. To scientifically and effectively control soil erosion, it’s necessary to improve soil erosion evaluation methods that can obtain the actual rates of soil erosion, rather than potential erosion. For this, about 300 sampling units deployed in the Loess Plateau used as the basic data in our study, combining the seven soil erosion factors (rainfall-runoff erosivity factor, soil erodibility factor, slope length and steepness factor, biological-control factor, engineering-control factor, tillage practices factor) involved in the CSLE model and 50 soil erosion covariates related to climate, soil, topography, vegetation, human activities, etc. Using machine learning methods to establish an optimal model, and spatially predict the soil erosion rate and make a soil erosion mapof the entire study area. The prediction results show that the explanation degree of the random forest spatial prediction model is 73%. Among the selected optimal characteristic parameters, terrain and vegetation-related variables are the most important factors affecting soil erosion, from high to low, the order is LS > B > NDVI (May to September). Compared to previous studies with USLE/RUSLE/CSLE and GIS integrated mapping methods, or sampling survey based interpolation method, improvements in this paper can be concluded to : (1) the use of machine learning instead of simple multiply by soil erosion factors (linear regression), (2) higher resolution interpretation results supported by the project of “Pan-Third Pole Project”, which provide soil erosion that closed to the actual rates of soil erosion. (3) considerate additional related covariates such as population density, precipitation, soil conservation measures and so on. Further development of soil erosion prediction could provide a more accurate soil erosion evaluation method. This method can not only monitor and evaluate soil erosion in real time, and provide the possibility for the dynamic change analysis? of soil erosion in the future, but also help decision makers take effective measures in the process of mitigating soil erosion risk.


Essentially, equity and efficiency are integral parts of any economic activities of sustainability though the correlation and causation between those two constructs are not considered significant. This study intends to evaluate if the contract farming system is a sustainable solution to the prevailing socio-economic aspects of the labor productivity problem in the tea estate sector of Sri Lanka, where female workers are highly depressed. This study has employed the survey strategy within the instrumental case of a selected tea estate to assess equity and efficiency of women-empowered contract farming system. The analytical results for gender equity on input and performance indicators have proven that gender equity is maintained in contract farming at the sample tea estate. The efficiency analysis results revealed that the output elasticity of tea bushes is significantly lower for female farmers than male farmers. However, there is no such significant difference revealed in the output elasticity of labor between gender groups. These findings explicitly reveal that the female workers in the tea estate sector are capable of managing labor although they are dominated by males in the domesticity. It further implies that a transformation of the male-dominant culture of the tea estate community would enhance the entrepreneurial and leadership capabilities of female workers if they are provided with equal opportunities and freedom.


From Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) measurements over deployed Multi-Core Fiber (MCF), we discuss several signal processing options to enhance the sensing sensitivity, namely core combination and longitudinal averaging.


This work uncovers the thermal properties of colloidal CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) associated with additional epitaxial strain at the core/shell interface. We investigate the temperature-dependent behavior of the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon frequencies of these QDs by Raman spectroscopy over a temperature range of $7--300\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. For wurtzite and zinc-blende structured QDs, a characteristic redshift of the CdSe and CdS LO frequencies with increasing temperature is found. The extent of this redshift, however, depends on the interplay between the two materials in the heterostructure as well as on the temperature. We propose a simple method to separate the pure thermal properties of each material from characteristics determined by the interaction of core and shell. Thereby, it is possible to determine positive thermal expansion coefficients of CdSe and CdS in the temperature range of $7--300\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ with high accuracy.


In the science of The Changes, Taiji represents holographic reflection that includes everything in it. Its mechanism is rigorous and scientific. What it reveals is the scientific implication of the theory that Taiji exists everywhere. It is a must for learners of the science of The Changes to make clear the serial implication of Taiji and the criteria of making Taijidrawings, otherwise they will be trapped in the vicious circle academy for academys sake, and science for sciences sake.


28 Background 29 Globally, about 11% of all live born infants are preterm. To date, data on prevalence and risk 30 factors of preterm birth (PTB) in Russia are limited. The aims of this study were to estimate the 31 prevalence of PTB in Murmansk County, Northwestern Russia and to investigate associations 32 between PTB and selected maternal factors using the Murmansk County Birth Registry. 33 Methods 34 We conducted a registry-based study of 52,806 births (2006-2011). In total 51,156 births were 35 included in the prevalence analysis, of which 3,546 were PTBs. Odds ratios with 95% 36 confidence intervals of moderate-to-late PTB, very PTB and extremely PTB for a range of 37 maternal characteristics were estimated using multinomial logistic regression, adjusting for 38 potential confounders. 39 Results 40 The overall prevalence of PTB in Murmansk County was 6.9%. Unmarried status, prior PTBs, 41 spontaneous and induced abortions were strongly associated with PTB at any gestational age. 42 Maternal low educational level increased the risk of extremely and moderate-to-late PTB. Young 43 (<18 years) or older (≥35 years) mothers, graduates of vocational schools, underweight, 44 overweight/obese mothers and smokers were at higher risk of moderate-to-late PTB. Secondary 45 education, alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus or gestational diabetes were strongly associated with 46 moderate-to-late and very PTB. 47 Conclusions 48 The observed prevalence of PTB (6.9%) in Murmansk County, Russia was comparable with 49 Maternal risk factors for preterm birth 3 data on live PTB from European countries. Adverse prior pregnancy outcomes, maternal low 50 educational level, unmarried status, alcohol abuse, and diabetes mellitus or gestational diabetes 51 were most common risk factors for PTB. 52 53 54 55 56 57 Preterm birth (PTB) is defined as birth before 37 completed weeks or 259 days of gestation. 58 Globally, about 11% of all live born infants are preterm, and the prevalence of PTB is region or 59 country dependent. In Europe, it comprises 6.2% with a 95% confidence interval of 5.8 to 6.7 for 60 all births and 5-10% for live births. Previous studies in Northwest Russia demonstrate varying 61 prevalence of PTB. In the city of Severodvinsk (Arkhangelsk County), 5.6% of spontaneous live 62 singleton births were preterm, while in Murmansk County the prevalence of PTB was higher 63 (8.7%) but included stillbirths. In Syktyvkar (the capital of Komi Republic, located next to 64 Arkhangelsk County), the PTB prevalence (from 28 weeks of gestation on) comprised 4.9% and 65 5.8% in 1980-84 and 1995-99, respectively. 66 67 PTB is a major contributor to under five year mortality and morbidity, especially those births 68 that take place before 34 weeks of gestation. Generally speaking, the mortality and morbidity of 69 preterm infants are inversely proportional to gestational age (GA). Since prognoses are GA70 dependent, the World Health Organization (WHO) divides PTB into three categories: extremely 71 preterm (<28 weeks), very preterm (28 to <32 weeks) and moderate-to-late preterm (32 to <37 72 weeks). 73 74 PTB has multiple causes such as chronic genital and urinal tract infections, young maternal 75 Maternal risk factors for preterm birth 4 age, heavy physical and/or occupational exertion during pregnancy, alcohol abuse, and low 76 educational level. Compared to women with normal body mass index (BMI), underweight 77 and overweight or obese mothers exhibit increased risk of PTB. Previous history of PTB is also 78 associated with the risk of current PTB. 18 79 80 Stillbirth, major congenital anomalies, placenta previa and abruption place women at a higher 81 risk of PTB independent of GA. General infection, drug abuse, and mental disorders are all 82 indicated to be major contributors to extremely and very preterm spontaneous PTB with intact 83 membranes, as does maternal tobacco smoking during weeks 27-33. Pre-existing or 84 gestational diabetes, general infection, drug dependence, and mental disorders are known 85 systemic comorbidities associated with spontaneous PTB at 32-36 weeks, while risks due to 86 maternal young age, incomplete secondary education and low BMI are enhanced at lower GA. 87 88 Internationally published data on prevalence and risk factors of PTB in Russia are limited. Low 89 level of maternal education, maternal stress, placental disorders (abruption/ antepartum 90 haemorrhage and placenta previa) and history of antenatal fetal loss have been identified to 91 increase spontaneous PTB risk in Severodvinsk. In the city of Monchegorsk (Murmansk 92 County), the prevalence of PTB is higher in unmarried women, for women with prior PTB and 93 smokers. In a recent paper on BMI among the current study population, maternal obesity was 94 associated with both very and moderate spontaneous PTBs; this risk also increased for 95 underweight mothers. To date, studies on GA-dependent multiple risk factors of PTB in Russia 96 have not been done. Clearly, PTB is a multi-causal process that involves the interaction of 97 multiple factors. In addition, insufficient data on risk factors and their interactions can limit 98 preventive interventions. Accordingly, the aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of 99 PTB in Murmansk County and to identify pertinent maternal predictive factors. The regional 100 Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR) provides the opportunity to conduct such research. 101 Maternal risk factors for preterm birth


The mission of the Folk Art Association of Hajdú-Bihar County (the Association) is to represent the profession and the interest of contemporary folk art artists, investigate, present and develop the values of folk art crafts. Among the systematic programmes of the Association, there are research programmes, collecting materials in museums and on site, creative camps, professional further training programmes, exhibitions, organisation of regional and national conferences. Among the priority programmes of the Association, the International Pottery Festival and the Handicraft Festival of Debrecen are representative. Regarding creative houses and folk art craft workshops, artists of the Association work in the "Tímárház" studio in Debrecen and maintain workshop galleries (in the towns of Nádudvar, Hajdúszoboszló, Hajdúnánás and Balmazújváros). Of the main research projects of the Association, the following are particular focal points:  The Association began to revive the traditions of the almost extinct "Debrecen style" pottery nearly two decades ago. As a result, nowadays eight potters are engaged in the modern interpretation of the pottery traditions of Debrecen in the town and county.  Renewing and reviving the "cifraszűr" (embroidered felt-cloak) and clothes made by felt application


The authors present broad and narrow bandwidth imaging of three southern elliptical galaxies which have flat-spectrum active radio cores (NGC 1052, IC 1459 and NGC 6958). All three contain dust and extended low excitation optical line emission, particularly extensive in the case of NGC 1052 which has a large H alpha + (NII) luminosity. Both NGC 1052 and IC 1459 have a spiral morphology in emission-line images. All three display independent strong evidence that a merger or infall event has recently occurred, i.e., extensive and infalling HI gas in NGC 1052, a counter-rotating core in IC 1459 and Malin-Carter shells in NGC 6958. This infall event is the most likely origin for the emission-line gas and dust, and the authors are currently investigating possible excitation mechanisms (Sparks et al. 1990).


The methods of processing the results of interlaboratory comparisons are described in the paper. The supplementary comparisons for national standards are carried out with the purpose of confirming measurement and calibration capabilities of the corresponding national metrology institutes. The Guideline on COOMET supplementary comparison evaluation does not take into account the presence of systematic error in the results of comparisons. The Guidelines on "Comparisons of groups of instruments for calibration of the same accuracy level" (MI 1832-88) take into account a systematic component of the measurement error, but the results of comparisons are not verified for consistency, which is an objective confirmation of stated uncertainties. Thus, we propose to combine these two methods for objective demonstration of measuring data reliability. To confirm the method selected for processing the comparisons results, an experiment was conducted, comparisons of voltmeters of one accuracy class with higher accuracy class were made. The results of comparisons and their processing by the proposed combined method are given in the paper. Thus, the proposed method allows evaluating the systematic component of uncertainty and its correction, hence, the laboratory comparisons data are recognized as such that confirm given uncertainties.


For animals that spend their lives sitting and waiting, as do most members of the two radiate phyla we considered in the preceding chapter, radial symmetry is ideal. One side of the animal is just as important as any other for snaring prey coming from any direction. But if an animal is active in seeking food, shelter, home sites, and reproductive mates, it requires a different set of strategies and a new body organization. Active, directed movement requires an elongated body form with head (anterior) and tail (posterior) ends. In addition, one side of the body faces up (dorsal) and the other side, specialized for locomotion, faces down (ventral). What results is a bilaterally symmetrical animal in which the body could be divided along only one plane of symmetry to yield two halves that are mirror images of each other. Furthermore, because it is better to determine where one is going than where one has been, sense organs and centers for nervous control have come to be located at the anterior end. This process is called cephalization. Thus cephalization and primary bilateral symmetry evolved together. The three acoelomate phyla considered in this chapter are not much more complex in organization than radiates except in symmetry. The evolutionary consequence of that difference alone was enormous, however, for bilaterality is the type of symmetry assumed by all more complex animals. c h a pt e r e i g h t


Post trans-sternal thymectomy, the patient may develop respiratory failure, usually due to myasthenic crisis or cholinergic crisis. These crises may prolong mechanical ventilation and impede on-table extubation. We report a case of respiratory failure due to unilateral phrenic nerve palsy in a case of myasthenia gravis. A 35 year old female, known case of myasthenia gravis was posted for trans-sternal thymectomy. Anaesthesia was induced with Propofol, Fentanyl and low dose of Atracurium. Thymoma was incasing right subclavian vein and was adherent with the pericardium, Masaoka Grade III. Blood loss was approximately 200ml. Immediate post operative period showed low tidal volume, tachypnea and tachycardia in spite of train of four ratio >0.9. Patient was kept intubated with suspicion of myasthenic crisis and the dose of Pyridostigmine was increased, but this lead to increased cholinergic symptoms. Pain was addressed with thoracic epidural analgesia. Chest radiograph done later in the evening showed elevated right hemi diaphragm, thereby, confi rming the diagnosis of phrenic nerve palsy.


Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Division of Prevention and Population Sciences, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT; Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA


Injection site for tubular medical connectors (1), comprising a perforable body (7) inserted in a seat (4) of the connector (1) delimited by an annular wall (5) having a retention edge (8) turned in against the outer end (9) of the perforable body (7), said outer end (9) being formed with a peripheral annular step (10) and with an exposed portion with reduced cross section (11) projecting axially. The peripheral step (10) is defined by an annular groove (12) having a shape complementary to that of the turned-in retention edge (8) of the connector (1), and the portion with reduced cross section (11) of the perforable body (7) connects up to the groove (12) through an annular surface (13) projecting radially above at least part of the turned-in retention edge (8) and resting against it.


Three–loop contributions to massive QED vacuum polarization are evaluated by a com- bination of analytical and numerical techniques. The first three Taylor coefficients, at small q 2 , are obtained analytically, using d –dimensional recurrence relations. Combining these with analytical input at threshold, and at large q 2 , an accurate Pad´e approximation is obtained, for all q 2 . Inserting this in the one–loop diagram for the muon anomalous magnetic moment, we find reasonable agreement with four–loop, single–electron–loop, muon–anomaly contributions, recently re–evaluated by Kinoshita, using 8–dimensional Monte–Carlo integration. We believe that our new method is at least two orders of magnitude more accurate than the Monte–Carlo approach, whose uncertainties appear to have been underestimated, by a factor of 6.


In this work a mathematical model of a continuous multistage evaporation crystallizer is established,involving equations of mass balance,heat balance,population balance,solubility and crystallization kinetics.A new iteration algorithm for solution of the nonlinear equations is proposed and it was found that the new algorithm has fairly good stability and convergence.The simulation results show good agreement with the literature data.The influence of temperature,effective volume distribution of crystallizers and the feed concentration on the CSD of the products was investigated by taking a three-stage KNO_3 flash crystallization process as a case study.


Objective To investigate the effects of diazoxide on neuronal apoptosis after middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)in male Sprague-Dawley rats.Methods The rat focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model was performed by 2h thread embolism of middle cerebral artery and 22h of reperfusion(I/R).Diazoxide,a selective opener of MitoK_(ATP),was infused into the right lateral ventricle 30min before MCAO.20 rats were as- signed to 4 groups randomly,which received 1 of the following pretreatments before I/R:sham operation,I/R,I/R after giving diazoxide and I/R after giving diazoxide and 5-HD,a selective blocker of MitoK_(ATP).DNA fragmentation was measured in paraffin sections with the use of a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)mediated dUTP- biotin nick end-labeling(TUNEL)method.Bcl-2 and Bax were measured by immunohistochemical method.Re- salts When opened MitoK_(ATP)channels by using diazoxide,apoptotic cells exhibiting DNA fragmentation decreased (83.2±9.04 vs 123.96±13.45),the expression of Bcl-2 protein increased(0.17±0.01 vs 0.13±0.01)while the expression of Bax decreased(0.15±0.02 vs 0.20±0.03)(P0.05).The effects of diazoxide were completely abolished by 5-HD(P0.05).Conclusion Diazoxide plays a benefit role in rat cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury through inhibiting neuron apoptosis,up-regulating Bcl-2 expression while down-regulating Bax expression.


We identify a necessary and sufficient condition for a L\'evy white noise to be a tempered distribution. More precisely, we show that if the L\'evy measure associated with this noise has a positive absolute moment, then the L\'evy white noise almost surely takes values in the space of tempered distributions. If the L\'evy measure does not have a positive absolute moment of any order, then the event on which the L\'evy white noise is a tempered distribution has probability zero.


In this paper we present our recent progress on far-field super-resolution enabled nanofabrication in photoreduction polymers. Pupil engineering and spatial photoinduction-inhibited methods will be employed to break the diffraction limit of the beam. The far-field super-resolution provides a revolutionary tool for three-dimensional (3D) imaging, lithography and optical storage.


Let a = ( a 1 , . . . , a r ) be a vector of positive integers. In continuation of a previous paper we present other formulas for the restricted partition function p a ( n ) := the number of integer solutions ( x 1 , ..., x r ) to (cid:80) rj =1 a j x j = n with x 1 ≥ 0 , ..., x r ≥ 0. restricted partition function, Sylvester waves, quasi-polynomial.


ABSTRACT:This paper analyzes Sergei Eisenstein's essay "The Form of the Script" (1929), focusing particularly on its publication and translation history. It reconstructs the missing parts and the logic of the essay based on its original Russian print and an early German translation. In so doing, the paper clarifies Eisenstein's position in the debates surrounding the various forms and formats of screenwriting. It additionally draws attention to the role of rhythm in Eisenstein's screenwriting theory and in his essayistic writing. Finally, this article offers a new translation of "The Form of the Script," which brings the essay as close as possible to its original publication.


The current stage in the evolution of logistics theory and supply chain management is characterized by an increasing interest in a range of new concepts, such as sustainable development, sustainability, strength, flexibility, adaptability, reaction speed, and reliability. The improvement of reliability and efficient organization of supply chains have an impact not only on the activities of individual economic entities included in this supply chain, but also on the pace and proportions of economic development of the Russian national economy as a whole.The article analyses domestic and foreign scientific works, which consider issues of supply chain reliability, essence and concept of strategic approach and strategic alternatives for optimal strategy formation of supply chain reliability improvement. Factors affecting the formation of reliability strategies in supply chains, requirements and methods ensuring reliability of supply chains are systematized. An integral indicator for evaluating the reliability of the supply chain is proposed and a system of reliability indicators is formulated. This indicator measures the quality of the developed strategy for improving the reliability of the supply chain and compares the reliability of the supply chain before and after the formation of the strategy and the reliability of the various supply chains.


A 10-year series of cases of acute intoxication in children observed at USSL 61 is analysed paying special attention to epidemiological, clinical and therapeutical aspects. Only a precise knowledge of the problem through an appropriate evaluation of epidemiological data will allow the prevention of acute intoxication to be tackled through legislative measures or the use of information and health education campaigns.


The aim of this research was to analyze the perception Sport Psychology importance for PE teachers, verifying the relationship among the topics studied by Sport Psychology and their necessity. The sample was composed by 10 students and 02 public school ́s teachers. It was applied a general interview. Most of the students considered the themes studied in the Sport Psychology important or very important. We can conclude that independently from age Sport Psychology is very important to help teachres. It is necessary futures studies to verify the differences between students and teachers point of view and differences between theory and practice in Sports Psychology.


In quantitative electron probe microanalysis uncorrected concentrations are obtained by measuring characteristic x-ray intensities from specimen and standard. Experimental aspects are discussed briefly. Corrections must be applied to take account of the following effects: absorption of x-rays emerging from the specimen, fluorescence excitation, electron backscattering and the variation of electron stopping power with composition. The physical basis of these effects and practical methods for calculating corrections are described. The special factors applying to the analysis of light elements (atomic number <11) are considered. The important part played by digital computers is discussed. Finally, the analytical accuracy obtainable at present and future developments in both theoretical and practical aspects are considered


The overall objective of this thesis is to develop a feasibility project CREATING A PRODUCTION COMPANY BIKE BIOAMIGABLES ENVIRONMENT BASED ON BAMBOO AND CANE marketing in Pichincha province, for which we have proceeded to make the four major studies have identified its feasibility.
First the synthetic deductive, inductive and analytical method based on this research they perform and techniques such as direct observation and market segmentation in this case was the PEA (economically active population) of the city were analyzed Quito 1'350.664 a number, of which a sample size 399 resulting surveys applying to said segmentation was performed.
In the market study was conducted in the city of Quito, allowed to determine that the project is feasible, the results obtained from the analysis of supply and demand is shown as follows: There is an unmet demand for 252 219 bicycles, which with the launch of the company.
The technical study an installed capacity of 9,360 bicycles made from bamboo cane determined, but start with 80% of it in the first year.
The company will take its name as bicycle company BIOAMIGABLES ENVIRONMENT BASED ON BAMBOO CANE "BICIGUADUA CIA. LTDA. "Logo and corporate image for identification and rapid market position. It will be marketed directly and the company will adopt a legal form - Administrative as a LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY, formed by partners and initially generate jobs between administrative and operational staff.
In the financial study the project reaches an investment of $ 105,513.06, and according to financial indicators which indicate favorable to the creation of the company results we have: A positive NPV of $ 1'003.525,58, the IRR of 153.77 %, one RB / C $ 1.27 $ determined that for every dollar invested earnings of $ 0.27 cents was achieved, and the Capital Recovery Period is 1 year, 3 months and 11 days while sensitivity analysis determined that the project would support an increase of up to 20.98% in its costs and a decrease of 16.48% in revenue.
Finally conclusions and recommendations with their respective annexes of the research project were performed


T YPHOID FEVER has been a foe of mankind from earliest times, but only since 1837 has the causative organism, the Bacillus typhosus, been recognized and differentiated from that causing typhus fever. This was first done by Doctors Gerhard and Pennock, working in the laboratory of the Philadelphia General Hospital. Since then, great strides have been made by science toward the prevention of the disease, including public sanitation, antityphoid vaccine, and public health education. After examining yearly medical reports on the prevalence of typhoid fever in our country, we can see what wonderful work public health teaching, sanitation, and individual immunization against typhoid fever have done, and it is our duty and privilege to continue to spread the good news of immunization. The course of treatment consists of three injections, intramuscularly, of antityphoid vaccine, given four to seven days apart. This vaccine is composed of killed typhoid bacilli in normal saline solution usually in a dilution of one billion per cubic centimeter, the dosage being as follows:


The estimation and assessment of toxic effects can be made clearer by direct observation of the target object — the living cell. Following this approach we continuously assess the reactions of cell cultures (at a range of densities) by using image analysis equipment. The parameters evaluated are: growth rate, alteration of cell cycle time, cell progeny, and mortality rate. The use of multi-well culture plates during the observation period enables the effects of different agents at different concentrations to be examined simultaneously under the same experimental conditions. The automatic observation of the fate of many individual cells permits the accurate quantification and characterisation of cytotoxic effects for the exposed cells and their progeny. Using this method, we have examined ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), cetyltrimethyl-ammonium chloride (CTAC), and Na-aciclovir (NaA), and we demonstrate the distinction between reversible and irreversible cell damage.


Objective: To determine the CT patterns of temporal bone cholesteatoma in patients presenting with chronic discharge from ear. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Radiology, Rehman Medical Institute Peshawar from January 2013 to June 2014. 78 patients with chronic discharging ear, who were referred from E.N.T outpatient department, were included in the study. All scans were performed on 128 slice Multidetector Computed tomography (MDCT) scanner.0.5mm reconstructed images in bone window and 3mm images in soft tissue window were viewed on 5.1 vitrea workstation in axial, coronal and sagittal planes. The CT studies were correlated with clinical examination findings, surgical and histopathology. Basic radiologic patterns of cholesteatoma described on CT scan were assessed. The data was processed using Microsoft excel 2007. Results: Cholesteatoma was present in 48 (61%) cases. The disease was bilateral in 7 cases (14 %), 39 (81 %) were unilateral. 25(52%) were left sided and 14 (29%) right-sided. 24 (30 %) patients were characterized as having otomastoiditis whereas 7(8%) patients were radiologically difficult to characterize if they were cholesteatoma or not. Conclusion: Cholesteatomas can cause bone erosions and should be detected early. The important role of MDCT lies in the early detection of cholesteatoma, and more conservative surgical procedures can be used to eradicate the disease.


In this paper the application of electrokinetic technology on the remediation of soil contaminated by chromium and the research status are summarized,the effects of valence,chemical form of chromium and its absorption on electrokinetic remediation are discussed and some improvements for this technology are listed.Finally the development of this technology is prospected and some suggestions on the research and development are put forward.


This article analyses Fernando Pessoa's Sonnet X ("As to a child, I talked my heart asleep") as a modernist parody of the Shakespearean sonnet. The presence of that highly constrained form is clearly recognizable at the level of both versification and language. At the same time, a number of "marked and essential differences" indicate that this poem is not a mere stylistic or thematic imitation of its model. The text's reflexive reference to the possibilities of splitting and binding sound to sense, on the one hand, and of splitting written self from writing self, on the other, highlight Pessoa's awareness of a self who is constituted in and through language. Weaving word-as-sound and word-as-sense with selfas-grammatical person, the text becomes the material evidence for the self-inventing and self-deceiving nature of literary activity.


The utility model provides a fibula distal end locking steel plate used for inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis separation, which comprises a steel plate with fixing screw holes formed thereon; the front fixing end of the steel plate is a elliptical arc structure; the aperture of the first fixing screw hole is larger than that of the fixing hole; and both sides of the first fixing screw hole are arc structured. By increasing the diameter of the main fixing screw hole and the width of the steel plate at the same time, the utility model eliminates the faults of complication increasing caused by inferior tibiofibular screw fracture or inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis separation; and has the advantages of simple structure and good fixing effect.


New flight deck-based applications of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) offer the potential to meet improved critical safety and economic targets for airport surface operations. Specifically, standards for ADS-B applications have been developed [1] to reduce and prevent runway collisions between aircraft on the airport surface using flight deck equipment. Such applications require surveillance information with position accuracy ranging between 10 to 30 meters 95 percent of the time. Global Positioning System (GPS) information without Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) provides sufficient position accuracy under most conditions; however, significant solar flare activities can change the ionization characteristics of the upper layers of the atmosphere which alters GPS signal propagation resulting in decreased position accuracy, potentially making the information unusable for ADS-B surface applications. This paper describes the results of an analysis of the impact of ionospheric disturbances on the position accuracy of a single frequency GPS receiver under a range of assumed operational conditions. The results are expected to be useful for an assessment of single frequency GPS technology for ADS-B surface applications and to help identify mitigations. The analysis assumes a nominal GPS constellation as defined in the GPS Standard Positioning Service (SPS) Performance Standards (PS) and a set of GPS receiver errors models. These include tropospheric, multi-path, and receiver noise error models, which are either adopted by the GPS WAAS aviation receiver performance standard or shown in open literature as representative of actual GPS receiver errors. Interference errors are assumed to be zero and interference risks are assumed to have been mitigated by airport operation authorities. The ionospheric errors are modeled based on the errors in actual GPS Navigation Message broadcast values under minimum, maximum, and average solar cycle activity conditions. Results show the impact of these activities on various position accuracy parameters and horizontal position, and include worst case conditions. Given the assumed models, the accuracy requirements for ADS-B surface applications were always exceeded for modern GPS receivers operating in all-in-view mode, suggesting feasibility of non-WAAS, single frequency GPS for ADS-B surface applications. The paper concludes with an outline of research needs and proposed next steps.


Purpose – Low-power consumption has become an important issue that cannot be ignored in system-on-chip (SoC) design. The key challenge encountered by system design is how to maintain balance between the estimation accuracy and speed. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate an accurate and fast power estimation technique. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology adopted in the paper is to use input patterns with the predefined statistical characteristics which helps to analyze the average power consumption of the different intellectual property (IP) cores and the interconnects/buses in SoC design. Similarly the paper has implemented genetic algorithm (GA) to generate sequences of input signals during the power estimation procedure. Findings – The GA concurrently optimizes the input signal characteristics that influence the final solution of the pattern. In addition to that, a Monte-Carlo zero-delay simulation is also performed for individual IP core and bus at high-level. By the simple addition of...


Inactivation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is one of the mechanisms mitigating anti-tumor immunity during tumor onset and progression. Epigenetic abnormalities are regarded as a major culprit contributing to the dysfunction of TILs within tumor microenvironments. In this study, we used a murine model of melanoma to discover that Tet2 inactivation significantly enhances the anti-tumor activity of TILs, with the efficacy comparable to immune checkpoint inhibition imposed by anti-PD-L1 treatment. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis further revealed that Tet2-deficient TILs exhibit effector-like features. Transcriptomic and ATAC-seq analysis further demonstrated that Tet2 deletion reshapes the chromatin accessibility and favors the binding of transcription factors geared toward CD8+ T cell activation. In summary, our study establishes that Tet2 constitutes one of the epigenetic barriers contributing to dysfunction of TILs, and that Tet2 inactivation could benefit anti-tumor immunity to boost tumor suppression. Citation Format: Minjung Lee, Jiangfang Li, Shaohai Fang, Wei Han, Margarita Moczygemba, Yubin Zhou, Jia Li, Deqiang Sun, Yun Huang. Tet2 inactivation enhances the anti-tumor efficiency of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Virtual Conference on Epigenetics and Metabolism; October 15-16, 2020; 2020 Oct 15-16. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(23 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-005.


Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a frequent degenerative disease representing an important health and economic burden. Symptomatic medical treatments available include intra-articular (IA) injections of corticosteroids (GC) but their efficacy is debated. In addition, safety signals regarding cartilage damage with IA GC have been highlighted in a few studies.To perform a meta-analysis of studies assessing IA GC efficacy and safety in knee OA.A systematic literature review and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of GC IA injections versus other interventions (IA Hyaluronic Acid, IA placebo, IA NSAID, oral NSAID or physiotherapy) in knee OA was performed. The effect of the interventions on pain and function were extracted from the single studies and pooled and are presented as short term (<6weeks), medium term (6-24 weeks) and long term (>24 weeks) follow-up period. Standardized mean differences (SMD) are reported.Of 520 studies screened, 23 were included in the SLR and 14 subsequently included in the MA. While IA GC showed a superior effect compared to control on both pain (SMD -0.61 (95% CI -1,25, 0.03)) and function (SMD -1.02 (95% CI -2.14, 0.10)) in short term follow-up; long term follow-up analysis favored controls (IA HA, IA NSAID, physiotherapy) for both pain (SMD 0.68 (95% CI -0.11, 1.47)) and function (SMD 0.88 (95% CI -0.36, 2.12) outcomes (Figure 1). No difference was found between interventions in the medium term. Safety data were reported in 18/23 studies (n= 1936/2314 patients); and side effects were reported as follows: arthralgia (69 IA GC patients, 146 IA HA patients, and 20 saline patients); site injection pain (7 in the IA GC group, 2 in the IA saline group, 14 in the IA HA group); 16 post injection knee swelling without signs of septic arthritis in the IA GC group and 24 in the IA HA group. In one study assessing cartilage effects of GCs, the rate of cartilage loss was greater in the GC group with a reduction of cartilage thickness at 2 year compared to placebo group. No difference was observed in the progression of cartilage denudation or bone marrow lesion. On the contrary, another study showed no effect of injections on the cartilage structure.We demonstrate in this work that IA GC injections reduce pain and improve function in the early phase (≤6 weeks) of treatment. In the long term (≥24 weeks), other intervention such as IA HA injections or physiotherapy seem to be more efficient, but this effect was largely driven by single studies with large effect sizes and the comparators were heterogeneous.Figure 1.Knee pain outcome at short term (≤6weeks) (A), medium term (>6 & <24 weeks) (B), and long term (≥24 weeks) (C) follow up.None declared.


The present study was carried out for isolation and characterization of Pseudomonas from oil spill soil and 10 isolates were isolated from different locations employing different morphological and biochemical attributes and on the basis of phosphate solubilisation and chitinase production three Pseudomonas isolates were employed in microbial consortium and used as effective microbe for treatment of STPs and different parameters were studied like N,P, K,C heavy metals, BOD and COD and it was found there was a decrease from original values after addition of Pseudomonas with other microbes.


This paper describes the implementation and packaging of the components, described in Part I of this paper, to realize a three-dimensional W-band distribution network.


Geophagic behaviour has been reported to increase exposure to Lead (Pb) that could influence the bioavailability and assimilation of iron and iodine through metal-metal interactions. Similarly, calcium that is naturally contained in kaolin tends to inhibit the absorption and assimilation of iron. In order to investigate these interactions 80 female albino rats aged 12 weeks and weighing between 212-261g were served with Pb contaminated kaolin pellets in a manner to simulate human consumption of this clay. The size, content of the thyroid gland in iodine, urinary/faecal iodine excretion and hemoglobin level were analytically monitored during this experiment and statgraphic 5.0 used for data analyses. The results show increased thyroid volume, decreased thyroid iodine content, increased urinary iodine excretion and adequate iodine absorption as kaolin is introduced into an iodine sufficient diet. Hemoglobin levels of the various test groups compared to the control group are statistically significant. The study reveals that that kaolin-eating does not influence iodine absorption but, it influences its assimilation at the level of the thyroid gland in albino rats. The study also reveals that the consumption of kaolin affects hemoglobin level.


This study describes the length–weight relationship (LWR) of Gobio sakaryaensis Turan, Ekmekci, Luskova & Mendel, 2012 from the Camkoru Pond (Ankara-Turkey). A total of 40 specimens were obtained by different nets throughout one year between August 2002 and August 2003. Total lengths ranged from 4 to 13 cm. The length–weight relationship showed a positive allometric growth (b = 3.217; R 2 = 0.97). This study presents the first reference on LWR for this species. The results also indicate a new maximum total length not previously reported in the international literature.


Frost rings are formed in tree stems when growing‐season frosts affect immature wood cells, producing collapsed cells within annual tree rings. Open boreal forests are most susceptible to record growing‐season frost because they lack the greenhouse effect commonly observed in closed forests. Here we present a novel method to construct regional frost‐ring chronologies in lichen‐black spruce woodlands of the boreal forest zone. Because the ability of trees to form frost rings depends on several factors (including bark thickness and ring width), we used two models to produce a Frost Composite Index based on a frost susceptibility window of cambial age <30 years. The frost‐ring chronology showed alternating periods of high and low frost activity that were highly consistent within and among sites. Reconstruction of growing‐season frost activity may be used as dendroclimatic proxies of climate variability and may give insights into future risks of frost damage in a warming climate.


The low frequency dielectric dispersion was measured of two 4-n-alkyloxybenzylidene-4′-n-hexylaniline in nematic, smectic A, C, B, F, and G phases. The results were discussed with respect to the molecular structure and the relaxation mechanism.

Die niederfrequente dielektrische Dispersion wurde fur zwei 4-n-Alkyloxybenzyliden-4′-n-hexylaniline in nematischer, smektischer A, C, B, F und G Phase untersucht. Die Ergebnisse wurden diskutiert im Hinblick auf die Molekulstruktur und den Relaxationsmechanismus.


The concept of EOL product management,recycling,close supply chain was first introduced in this article. Reengineering, refurbishing and recycling the EOL products is the main content of reverse logistics, and it is also the important component of enterprise management. The author makes analysis of the main factors for recycling choices. Based on this,the author proposes four recycling choices modes,which act as theory basis for enterprises EOL product management.And these four modes are all feasible. The author also analyzes advantages and risk brought by outsourcing and other modes.


The object of this communication is to place upon record the existence of Nummulitic rocks in South-Eastern Africa; the result of an examination of specimens brought me by their discoverer, Mr. David Draper, F.G.S., of Johannesburg, the enterprising Secretary of the Geological Society of South Africa.


The development of central solar heating plants with seasonal storage (CSHPSS) to cover part of the heating demand of buildings with district heating in the residential sector is becoming an economically viable option that can contribute significantly to the reduction of the consumption of fossil fuels. The calculation of CSHPSS systems, with a highly dynamic behaviour, is a complex process in which climatic, demand and design data are required. Simple calculation methods can be used to perform feasibility and pre-design studies enabling an estimation of the annual result. A review of several simple methods that have been proposed for the evaluation and design of the main components of CSHPSS is presented. The methods share some characteristics: main equipments considered, dependence with solar radiation and heating demand; and differ in other aspects: design parameters of the main equipments, secondary equipment considered, degree of detail of climatic and demand input data and equations of the model used to calculate the performance of the system. In this paper a description of each method is presented and results obtained for a base case (installation that produce 50% of the space heating demand for a community of 1000 dwellings in Zaragoza, Spain) are compared. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer review by the scientific conference committee of SHC 2013 under responsibility of PSE AG.


Significance Cyclopurines are bulky oxidative DNA lesions that strongly block RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to interfere with gene transcription and replication in mammalian cells. Cells developed a mechanism enabling slow transcriptional bypass of the cyclopurines. Similar to translesion synthesis by DNA polymerases, lesion bypass by Pol II can be highly mutagenic, leading to transcription errors that are reminiscent of the A rule. We elucidated the mechanism and determined the domain in Pol II responsible for error-free and error-prone lesion bypass. We also identified a positive role of mammalian factor TFIIF in lesion-bypass stimulation. Strikingly, Pol II uses a similar strategy for negotiation with different DNA lesions, such as cyclopurines, pyrimidine dimers, cisplatin, and abasic sites, to reduce the burden of DNA damage on genome stability. In human cells, the oxidative DNA lesion 8,5′-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (CydA) induces prolonged stalling of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) followed by transcriptional bypass, generating both error-free and mutant transcripts with AMP misincorporated immediately downstream from the lesion. Here, we present biochemical and crystallographic evidence for the mechanism of CydA recognition. Pol II stalling results from impaired loading of the template base (5′) next to CydA into the active site, leading to preferential AMP misincorporation. Such predominant AMP insertion, which also occurs at an abasic site, is unaffected by the identity of the 5′-templating base, indicating that it derives from nontemplated synthesis according to an A rule known for DNA polymerases and recently identified for Pol II bypass of pyrimidine dimers. Subsequent to AMP misincorporation, Pol II encounters a major translocation block that is slowly overcome. Thus, the translocation block combined with the poor extension of the dA.rA mispair reduce transcriptional mutagenesis. Moreover, increasing the active-site flexibility by mutation in the trigger loop, which increases the ability of Pol II to accommodate the bulky lesion, and addition of transacting factor TFIIF facilitate CydA bypass. Thus, blocking lesion entry to the active site, translesion A rule synthesis, and translocation block are common features of transcription across different bulky DNA lesions.


The field of "inorganic materials from ionic liquids" (ILs) is a young and dynamically growing research area for less than 10 years. The ionothermal synthesis in ILs is often connected with the preparation of nanomaterials, the use of microwave heating and in part also ultrasound. Inorganic material synthesis in ILs allows obtaining phases which are not accessible in conventional organic or aqueous solvents or with standard methods of solid-state chemistry or under such mild conditions. Cases at hand include "ligand-free" metal nanoparticles without added stabilizing capping ligands, inorganic or inorganic-organic hybrid solid-state compounds, large polyhedral clusters and exfoliated graphene from low-temperature synthesis. There are great expectations that ILs open routes towards new, possibly unknown, inorganic materials with advantageous properties that cannot (or only with great difficulty) be made via conventional processes.


Cyclical sensitivity in employment, wages, and hours worked are explored with reference to three industries and eleven US cities over the period 1972–1980. Conventional neoclassical discrete-exchange models of the labor market are shown to be inadequate because of marked rigidities in the patterns of short-run adjustment. Money wages are very stable, being dominated by a long-run trend, and firms tend to adjust hours worked and only then employment in the short run. There are, however, significant interregional variations in these patterns within the same industry. Spectral analysis and tests for periodicities in the patterns of residuals derived from trend-line estimates of money wages confirm a supposition that urban Phillips curves do not exist. The evidence supports the implicit notion of contract theory that continuous employer-worker relationships exist over the business cycle. The question of how useful, in general, this theory might be is left open for the present.


Reactive power optimization(RPO) is a multi-variable and multi-constraint nonlinear optimization problem.A modified particle swarm optimization(MPSO) algorithm was provided to solve it.In the MPSO the particles were initialized with chaos optimization method in its sub-area,which reduced the influence caused by the particle's initial position,and then the tentative behavior was introduced to particles,which made it more practical.Finally,mutation mechanism was introduced and three criterions had been given to judge whether the population was trapped into local optimum,when it happened.MPSO can help particles to escapes from local optimum,thus the particles has more great chances to find the global optimum.The method adopting MPSO algorithm was given to solve the reactive power optimization(RPO) problem,and was applied in IEEE 6,14 bus system.Numerical results show its validity and effectiveness.


Abbott, Clifford 2000 Oneida. Languages of the World, Materials 301. Munich: LINCOM Europa. 2006 Oneida Teaching Grammar. Available online at áhttp://www.uwgb.edu/ Oneida/Grammar.htmlñ. Abbott, Clifford, Amos Christjohn, and Maria Hinton 1996 An Oneida Dictionary. Oneida, Wis.: Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin. Koenig, Jean-Pierre, and Karin Michelson 2015 Morphological Complexity à la Oneida. In Understanding and Measuring Morphological Complexity, edited by Matthew Baerman, Dunstan Brown, and Greville Corbett, 69—92. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Lounsbury, Floyd 1953 Oneida Verb Morphology. Yale University Publications in Anthropology 48. New Haven: Yale University Press. Michelson, Karin, and Mercy Doxtator 2002 Oneida-English/English-Oneida Dictionary. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Michelson, Karin, and Catherine Price 2011 The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 1 to 12. Native Languages: A Support Document for the Teaching of Language Patterns: Oneida, Cayuga, and Mohawk Resource Guide. Ottawa: Ontario Ministry of Education.


USPC The present invention relates to methods for reducing or eliminating the non-specific release of a cytokine associated with a disease comprising administering at least one gluco corticoid and an immunostimulating antibody. Additionally, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition that contains at least one immunostimulating antibody and at least one glucocorticoid. Patent Application Publication -------...-swaxx-x &c., 8.8% www.xwks' worwww.


We discuss the philosophical implications of formal results showing the consequences of adding the epsilon operator to intuitionistic predicate logic. These results are related to Diaconescu's theorem, a result originating in topos theory that, translated to constructive set theory, says that the axiom of choice (an "existence principle") implies the law of excluded middle (which purports to be a logical principle). As a logical choice principle, epsilon allows us to translate that result to a logical setting, where one can get an analogue of Diaconescu's result, but also can disentangle the roles of certain other assumptions that are hidden in mathematical presentations. It is our view that these results have not received the attention they deserve: logicians are unlikely to read a discussion because the results considered are "already well known," while the results are simultaneously unknown to philosophers who do not specialize in what most philosophers will regard as esoteric logics. This is a problem, since these results have important implications for and promise significant illumination of contemporary debates in metaphysics. The point of this paper is to make the nature of the results clear in a way accessible to philosophers who do not specialize in logic, and in a way that makes clear their implications for contemporary philosophical discussions. To make the latter point, we will focus on Dummettian ∗The financial support of the SSHRC of Canada during the work on this paper is gratefully acknowledged. Vol. 4 No. 2 2017 IFCoLog Journal of Logics and Their Applications DeVidi and Mulvihill discussions of realism and anti-realism.


This paper presents an target detection algorithm focusing on making full use of both spatial and spectral features of the high spatial resolution hyperspectral (HSRH) imagery. It use the spatial relationship between pixels in the finite impulse filter with the low dimension data transferred from the original imagery. Experiments show it performs better than the method solely depending on spectral features.


Since Indonesia's implementation of its national curriculum, the country's madrasas have faced a significant challenge: conforming with the government's regulations and laws. This has not been limi...


Abstract : The emersion tolerance of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) was comparatively studied. Mussels (n = 60) were emersed at 15 deg C under relative humidities (R.H.) of 95 percent LT50 (i.e., time for 50-percent sample mortality estimated by probit analysis) in D. polymorpha ranged from 67.7 hr in 95-percent R.H. and SM(100) values (i.e., time required for actual 100-percent sample mortality), from 120 to 537 hr. LT50 and SM(100) value ranges for D. bugensis were 80A to 238.2 hr and 120 to 312 hr, respectively. Total water lost (TWL) during emersion (total water is corporal plus extracorporal water) was positively correlated with shell length (SL) and hours of emersion. While affected by TWL did not differ between species. -BKA


Calcium binding in unbuffered serum albumin solutions at pH 7.4 and ionic strength 0.15–0.16 is temperature independent when binding results are analysed in terms of a simultaneous temperature effect on the competing calcium and hydrogen ions for imidazole groups. The energetic functions are: δ G°=–4.9 kcal/mole, δ H°=zero, and δ S°=16 cal/degree/mole. Calcium is proposed to be chelated by ionized carboxyl groups, with a critical role played by an imidazole group, whose charged or uncharged form either renders the site inaccessible to calcium ions or enhances the stability of the chelate.


Background: Probiotics are live microorganisms intended to provide health benefits when consumed on sufficient dose. Probiotics can be obtained from dekke naniura in the form of lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria can produce chemical compounds in the form of bacteriocin and lactic acid which can inhibit fungal growth. Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the probiotic antifungal activity found in the naniura against Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Method: Lactic Acid Bacteria are isolated from dengke naniura by sprinkling dilution techniques. Morphological characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria isolates was carried out visually and microscopically, and biochemical characterization was carried out by catalase, TSIA test, and isolate growth at low and high temperatures. Antifungal activity testing was carried out by agar diffusion method with wells. Results: The results of this study obtained 4 isolates of Lactic Acid Bacterial colonies, namely BAL1 (oval shape of meat), BAL2 (oval shape of seasoning from soaking with naniura), BAL3 (round shape of meat), BAL4 (round shape of seasoning from soaking with naniura). The results of characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolates were obtained by oval and round colonies morphology, flat edge shape, flat and raised colony height, white, Gram positive, bacilli, negative catalase form, producing acid, living at 37 o C and 45 o C. The biggest test for antifungal activity was obtained by the largest inhibitory zone, BAL4 isolates against fungi T. mentagrophytes (18.53 ± 1.10mm) and the smallest diameters, which were obtained from BAL1 against C. albicans (11.53 ± 0.83mm) with a concentration of BAL 1x10 6 CFU. Conclusion: The results of antifungal activity from probiotics contained in dengke naniura from fermented of carp (Cyprinus carpio) against Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes gave positive results. The inhibitory power of probiotics found in dengke naniura on the growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes is greater than the inhibitory power on the growth of Candida albicans.


Abstract: Toluene, a volatile hydrocarbon found in a variety of chemical compounds, is misused and abused by inhalation for its euphorigenic effects. Toluene's reinforcing properties may share a common characteristic with other drugs of abuse, namely, activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system. Prior studies in our laboratory found that acutely inhaled toluene activated midbrain dopamine neurons in the rat. Moreover, single systemic injections of toluene in rats produced a dose‐dependent increase in locomotor activity which was blocked by depletion of nucleus accumbens dopamine or by pretreatment with a D2 dopamine receptor antagonist. Here we examined the effects of seven daily intraperitoneal injections of 600 mg/kg toluene on the content of serotonin and dopamine in the caudate nucleus (CN) and nucleus accumbens (NAC), substantia nigra, and ventral tegmental area at 2, 4, and 24 h after the last injection. Also, the roles of nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and the production of 3‐nitrosotyrosine (3‐NT), in the CN and NAC were assessed at the same time points. Toluene treatments increased dopamine levels in the CN and NAC, and serotonin levels in CN, NAC, and ventral tegmental area. Measurements of the dopamine metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) further suggested a change in transmitter utilization in CN and NAC. Lastly, 3‐NT levels also showed a differential change between CN and NAC, but at different time points post‐toluene injection. These results point out the complexity of action of toluene on neurotransmitter function following a course of chronic exposure. Changes in the production of 3‐NT also suggest that toluene‐induced neurotoxicity may mediate via generation of peroxynitrite.


The problem of hydrogeological parameters identification is actually a complex nonlinear program. With the limit of the slow convergence of the standard simulationannealing algorithm, a modified simulationannealing algorithm for the identification of hydrogeological parameters is proposed in this paper. Some strategies such as adding supplement constraint to the variables, setting up inner valve value and adding memory function in the inner loops are taken to quicken the convergence of the standard simulation anneal algorithm. Application of the method in practice shows that the proposed method is applicable to hydrogeological parameter and aquifer impervious boundary identifications with high accuracy. Additionally, several factors affecting the convergence of the algorithm are analyzed in the case study.


Small open reading frames (small ORFs/sORFs/smORFs) are potentially coding sequences smaller than 16 100 codons that have historically been considered junk DNA by gene prediction software and in annotation 17 screening; however, the advent of next-generation sequencing has contributed to the deeper investigation of 18 junk DNA regions and their transcription products, resulting in the emergence of smORFs as a new focus 19 of interest in systems biology. Several smORF peptides were recently reported in noncanonical mRNAs as 20 new players in numerous biological contexts; however, their relevance is still overlooked in coding 21 potential analysis. Hence, this review proposes a smORF classification based on transcriptional features, 22 discussing the most promising approaches to investigate smORFs based on their different characteristics. 23 First, smORFs were divided into nonexpressed (intergenic) and expressed (genic) smORFs. Second, genic 24 smORFs were classified as smORFs located in noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) or canonical mRNAs. Finally, 25 smORFs in ncRNAs were further subdivided into sequences located in small or long RNAs, whereas 26 smORFs located in canonical mRNAs were subdivided into several specific classes depending on their 27 localization along the gene. We hope that this review provides new insights into large-scale annotations and 28 reinforces the role of smORFs as essential components of a hidden coding DNA world. 29


Abstract: The mammalian pineal gland serves as a neuroendocrine interface to convert environmental lighting conditions into a humoral message, the nocturnally elevated synthesis of melatonin. Regulation and fine tuning of the circadian melatonin production in response to external cues requires complex interactions of transsynaptic signalling. These requirements are fulfilled by a high degree of plasticity on all levels between receptor activation and cellular response. Many receptors on pinealocytic membranes and enzymes involved in melatonin synthesis are linked to the second messenger cAMP. Cross talk between second and third messengers converges in the pineal gland—as in other tissues—eventually on a modulated activity of transcription factors. Of fundamental importance for genes involved in the transsynaptic signalling to create a circadian profile in melatonin synthesis is the cAMP‐inducible promoter element, the CRE (cAMP responsive element). Indeed, the CRE is shared by many pineal genes that are of physiological importance. Recently, the deciphering of molecular determinants regulating expression of cAMP‐inducible genes in the mammalian pineal gland, like NAT, c‐jun, or the β‐adrenergic receptor, suggests a modulation in their transcription by a dual regulatory mechanism: posttransiational activation of the early third messenger CREB (cAMP responsive element binding protein) stimulates, cis‐acting cAMP‐induced transcriptional upregulation of the late third messenger 1CER (inducible cAMP early repressor) inhibits genes with a CRE.


Historical geomorphometric studies are one of the modern trends in historical geography and in the historical study of rivers and their basins, whether small or large. The riverbed and basin are commonly the basic unit for geomorphometric research. These studies also contribute to clarify and define the environmental characteristics of rivers and how they were formed and the factors that helped this process. River valleys are one of the largest fields associated with human stability and activity, Such studies are needed as the river environment controls the work of current activities. The study focused on the historical aspects of the ancient climate, which determined the course of the Euphrates River and its geomorphological phenomena between the jurisdictions of Al Khidr and Basra. See map (1). The phenomena are prominent and extensive within and outside the course of the river, are in continuous change and have a substantial effect on human activity in the region. The search focuses on this topic, as it also seeks to benefit from detailed maps and remote sensing systems in describing and analysing several old phenomena and drawing maps showing the morphometric characteristics of the river.


Background : Schwannomas are very common, benign, encapsulated tumors of the peripheral nerves. They rarely emerge from the posterior tibial nerve. Case Report : Here we report a case of an unusual schwannoma measuring 10×5×4 cm in a 24-year-old man. The mass was painful, and Tinel's sign was positive. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that it originated from the posterior tibial nerve. En bloc resection of the tumor was performed. Histology revealed peripheral nerve schwannoma. Removal of tumor made patient pain free after surgery. Conclusion : A high index of suspicion with meticulous clinical examination is necessary for timely diagnosis of schwannoma.


Infertility has been af fl icting an increasing proportion of our society, with an estimated more than 70 million couples of reproductive age encountering problems getting pregnant. Interestingly, half of them relate to male infertility issues in one way or the other [1] . Majority of the male infertility features are attributed to oligospermia (semen with low concentration of sperms), asthenozoospermia (nonmotility or decreased motility of spermatozoa), or teratozoospermia (spermatozoa with altered structure) [2] . The present corresponding article highlights the salient predispose factors responsible for causing male infertility problems, especially during the current era of western diets dominating the lifestyle, and the signi fi cant role of healthy dietary models with nutritional interventions such as Mediterranean diets (MDs) in enhancing fertility and ameliorating the problems related to male infertility. There has been an intricate and complex relationship between the qualitative and quantitative aspects of dietary nutrients and the quality of sperms, as evidenced through earlier studies where sperm energetic metabolism has been directly affected by not only the amount but the quality of nutrients as well. For example, a diet rich in saturated fats or a diet low in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) having unbalanced omega-6/omega-3 PUFA negatively impact the sperm quality while supplementing the PUFA-rich diet ameliorates the above negative effects on sperm quality and preserving the male fertility [3] . It is suggested that a healthy diet based on plant foods or fi sh positively impacts sperm quality, increasing the mitochondrial enzyme activities responsible for gamete energetic metabolism and reducing oxidative damage,


In this work, we first examine whether the SH spectroscopic method can be used to probe thrombin ‐ Apt recognition. The absorption and SH spectra of free BODIPY SE in the presence of thrombin, the BODIPY ‐ Apt adduct without thrombin, and BODIPY ‐ Apt in the presence of thrombin are compared. In addition, we ascertain whether or not the G-quartet structure of other DNA sequences can be recognized by thrombin and whether or not these structures are distinguishable. Toward this end, we have compared the SH spectra of Oxy as well as the hairpin duplex d(CGCGT4CGCG) (abbreviated as HD) in the presence of thrombin. The HD sequence cannot form a G-quartet structure. [12]


Convection driven by centrifugal buoyancy in a cylindrical fluid annulus cooled from the inside, heated from the outside, and rotating about its axis is described. While at high values of the dimensionless rotation parameter τ convection rolls aligned with the axis are preferred, three-dimensional patterns of convection are introduced at low values of τ through either the cross-roll instability or a subharmonic varicose instability. The instabilities are studied in terms of simple analytical relationships as well as through numerical methods based on the Galerkin scheme. Analytical expressions for the steady three-dimensional patterns induced by the instabilities are also derived.


Currently, global research is being carried out to develop new materials with suitable properties for manufacturing photovoltaic devices to obtain energy from renewable sources and replace conventional ones. For environmental reasons, the materials should be non-polluting and abundant, and zinc sulfide (ZnS) meets these requirements. In this context, we synthesized ZnS thin films using the sol-gel method aiming at evaluating the effect of some zinc and sulfur precursors, complexing agents, and thermal treatment on ZnS obtention. The resulting solids were treated in an oxidizing atmosphere and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to establish the most suitable reaction protocol for ZnS preparation. Based on these results we were able to deposit ZnS coatings on glass-quartz substrates using the spin-coating technique. The films were also subjected to heat treatment based on gaseous nitrogen and elemental sulfur. ZnS coatings were characterized through XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Our results showed that the films deposited had suitable properties to be used as a buffer layer in solar cells.


Abstract Advances in several medical disciplines have resulted in greatly improved outcome and reduced morbidity and mortality in the management of complex gynecologic tumors. Early reports of central pelvic exenteration were discouraging and associated with high mortality (28%) and major complications (100%). Preoperative medical assessment, expert anesthesia, and postoperative intensive care have reduced perioperative mortality to less than 5%. For patients with recurrent cervical and endometrial cancer, who already had surgery, and for a minority of primary or recurrent sarcomas without distance metastases, the contemporaneous surgery offers a chance by bone extended resections.


This paper scrutinizes the selected poems of Kamala Das and Maya Angelou from the point of view of what Simone De Beauvoir has depicted in her masterpiece The Second Sex. Analyzing both of the authors and the critic, this paper identifies the old question blamegame against male and masculine force as the primary barrier against the coexistence of men and women. The further analysis scrutinizes how different phase of women life and their personal experience shape and reshape their idea of man. Finally, this paper shows that since woman sketch men based on their personal experience and revolve around masculine force to justify female existence, they should first come to a concrete and concise idea about male, rather demanding the equality at the first place. Without revising their facts and ideas, nothing will change and remain like the past.


We studied an alternative choice-based interface for preference elicitation during the cold start phase and compared it directly with a standard rating-based interface. In this alternative interface users started from a diverse set covering all movies and iteratively narrowed down through a matrix factorization latent feature space to smaller sets of items based on their choices. The results show that compared to a rating-based interface, the choice-based interface requires less effort and results in more satisfying recommendations, showing that it might be a promising candidate for alleviating the cold start problem of new users.


Because of the frequency of QC tests, it is important that the analysis be simple and straightforward. Further, numerical test results are very useful for accurate evaluation of camera performance. Our software meets both of these requirements. By providing analysis which is both independent of and complementary to manufacturer's proprietary software, our program gives a useful overview of a camera's current performance. Additionally, by allowing the user to plot test results versus time, gradual degradation in performance can be detected. Also, data from cameras of different brands can be used as input to our program and analyzed in a uniform way, allowing a fair comparison of different cameras' performance. Our software is currently being validated at the Vancouver General Hospital Department of Nuclear Medicine.


Computer vision techniques have demonstrated great success in being able to classify complex food products. The challenge however, lies in extracting any further information, such as the nutritional value in these products. We propose a method using grayscale features of the image to classify and extract information from an image. The discrete wavelet transform is used to create 4 combinations of high pass & low pass filters through which we are able to enhance the features by edge detection and fine-grain analysis at different levels. Outputs from the filters are coupled together to achieve a compressed image with enhanced features from which we extract our required grayscale feature data. The various vectors obtained are coupled as a singular tensor which is fed into a neural network to perform the classification task in form of a supervised learning, where we make use of the ingredients as our labels. Our solution assumes that the targets are clearly separable from the background which must be plain. Humans describe food items and their differences in terms of the ingredients contained within and the way these ingredients are arranged, so it makes sense that we should be able to learn extra information by extracting features at an intermediate ingredient level instead of just the pixel level. Our goal with this method is to achieve a good balance between classification accuracy as well as the time and processing power required to perform the same. Our largest challenge is the differences in volume of raw ingredients as well as the high intraclass variations within similar groups.


Drug-related intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is frequently associated with an underlying vascular malformation, researchers say. Cerebral bleeding in those who misuse drugs, such as Ecstasy (above), may be associated with vascular malformation.


Unique properties and potential applications of 2D materials draw much attention for mass production of thin-layer 2D materials. Ball milling exfoliation of 2D materials has been rarely used, in spite of a promising dry phase production method, because of the superficial information in the mechanism and the effect of the operating parameters on the yield, size and thickness. Here, we investigate systematically the ball milling operating parameters in the exfoliation of bulk MoS2 in the presence of sodium cholate (SC) as an exfoliant. The yield and dimensions of the exfoliated MoS2 nanosheet were monitored by changing the parameters such as the weight ratio of bulk MoS2 and SC (SC/MoS2), the filling ratio in the volume of milling ball and container (φ), milling ball size (dB), milling revolution speed (nR), and initial mass of bulk MoS2 ( m MoS 2 ). The yield of exfoliation is found to be 95% at the optimum ball milling conditions (SC/MoS2 = 0.75, φ = 50%, m MoS 2 = 0.20 g). In addition, yield and size of the exfoliated MoS2 were controlled by the conditions of the ball milling. As for the evaluation of the exfoliated MoS2, we developed a novel method by use of the XRD profile to determine the size and thickness of the ball-milled MoS2 powder with less than 30% difference from those determined by the well-known absorption method. Finally, the size and thickness of the MoS2 nanosheets prepared by ball milling exfoliation were correlated with their electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic activities.


The emergence of various climate campaigns and the establishment of numerous climate variables have been the backbone of this research framework. One of the Essential Climate Variables (ECV) called albedo was reported to be insufficiently recorded and documented in terms of its spatial scale and temporal resolution. Thus, the intensity of this variable towards the simulation of climate change effects needs to be quantified. This research aims to investigate and examine albedo pattern changes as a physical parameter to urban climate change effects generated through remote sensing and discover the functional relation with respect to the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. Therefore, the objectives are, to characterise the albedo pattern changes and their relationship with other biophysical, land cover and air quality parameters and their effects upon urban surface temperature; to explore and formulate a model and factorise the albedo of urban features based on selected variables (continuous air quality monitoring station (CAQMs) data and remote sensing biophysical parameters); to modify localised albedo for weather research forecasting (WRF) the Advance Research WRF (WRF-ARW) configuration; and to synthesize the impacts of localised land surface albedo towards urban heat island phenomenon. This research adopted a hybrid scientific approach combining inductive and deductive logic methodologies…


Objective To evaluate the dual source computed tomography(DSCT) on stents implantation in patients with coronary artery diagnostic significance of the situation of stent patency.Methods Fifty patients(fifty-nine stents) planned to review coronary angiography were selected in the study.Two researchers who did not know the results of coronary angiography assessed the coronary stent lumen with DSCT.Results Compared to coronary angiography results,the sensitivity, specificity,positive and negative predictive value of DSCT in coronary artery stent restenosis were 55.6%(5/9),97.8% (44/45),83.3%(5/6) and 91.7%(44/48),respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value of DSCT in diameter≥3 mm stents were 71.4%,100%,100%,94.4%;in diameter 3 mm were 50.0%,90.9%, 50.0%,90.9%,respectively.Conclusion Compared to coronary angiography,the specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of evaluation coronary stent with DSCT is higher,sensitivity is lower.The diagnosis clinical significance of DSCT in coronary artery stent restenosis is to exclude the patency of the lumen in patients,and also can be used as a noninvasive means in diagnosing in-stent restenosis.


We investigate theoretically the electronic structure of strained ultrathin InAs/InP (001) quantum wells (QWs), using the semiempirical sp 3 d 5 s* nearest-neighbors tight-binding model, the virtual crystal approximation, and the surface Green's function matching method. The energies of the bound states and the optical transitions are calculated for QW widths from 1 to 4 monolayers and for valence band offsets varying from 0.2 to 0.9 eV. The dependence of the transition energies on strain is investigated. The intermixing effects are studied for (i) graded interfaces with a diffusion concentration profile and (ii) InAs x P 1 - x /InP QWs of varying composition with abrupt interfaces. The effect of strain on the transition energies is found to be small for thin wells, whereas the effect of intermixing is significant and cannot be neglected. Comparing the results with experimental data, we conclude that the electronic structure of ultrathin InAs/InP (001) QWs cannot be accurately described within the simple model of a rectangular QW. The effect of intermixing however is sufficient to explain the experimental results within a reasonable range of band offsets and structure parameters.


As part of a new expansion effort, Stillwater Mining Company needed a tool for analyzing development and production scenarios in a new area of an underground platinum and palladium mine in Stillwater, Montana. We developed a large mixed-integer programming model that takes as input the planned mine layout, projected ore quality, and projected costs for basic mining activities, and produces as output a near-optimal schedule of activities that maximizes discounted ore revenue over a given planning horizon. We then used this model to evaluate various planning scenarios and make recommendations about development and production in this new area.


Abstract Caesar's speech Pro Bithynis is usually considered to be an expression of the positive relationships between Caesar and the Kingdom of Bithynia. The context in which the speech was delivered is, however, unclear. By means of a lexical analysis of the two extant fragments of the Pro Bithynis, this paper aims at providing a new interpretation of the speech and its historical background. Caesar probably delivered the speech not immediately after King Nicomedes's death – as commonly accepted – but after the Roman siege of Heraclea Pontica, when the proconsul M. Aurelius Cotta, Caesar's propinquus, was accused of having sacked the city. As had already happened in Macedonia (thanks to Dolabella's prosecution) and in Greece (Caesar represented some Greeks in a process against C. Antonius around 79 BC), the Bithynian affair represented a further occasion for Caesar to win over friends and allies among foreign communities.


The light-emitting device of the present invention, a plurality of light emitting portions formed on the (101) substrate, the first light emitting portion and the second light-emitting portion is disposed adjacent to the first light-emitting portion is covered by the at least one blue LED chip (102 ) and dispersed red phosphor (109) constituting the resin layer, the red phosphor (109) emits red light by the excitation light from the blue LED chip (102), the second light emitting section by at least one blue an LED chip (102) configuration. Thereby, without increasing the installation area, with a simple configuration can be easily adjusted light amount ratio of the blue light and red light.


Abstract Although prediction is one of the key tasks of intelligent brains, it often proves impossible in an unpredictably changing world. Hence, brains often decide what happened retrospectively. This framework of postdiction, the opposite of prediction, stands as an alternative or complimentary framework to prediction. I further show how motor-sensory recalibration demonstrates delay compensation at the perceptual level.


In Kenya in recent years, diapers have played a central role in anti-homosexual discourses, suggesting that anal sex results in chronic bodily incontinence. But rumors about adults in diapers do not pertain only to homosexuality. They also describe bodily ruptures resulting from sex work, illicit moneymaking practices, and " immorality," more generally. This article explores how the resonances between different deployments of diapers help constitute the homosexual body as a target of outrage, violence, and exclusion. I argue that rumors about adults in diapers identify and expose national threats in the hidden layers of intimate life to produce good citizenship. Drawing on Sara Ahmed's work, I approach diapers as "queer objects," because they offer an alternative entry point into discussions of intimate citizenship: they bracket the reified category of the homosexual and demonstrate how sentiments associated with homophobia emerge in a wider set of struggles with bodies, work, respectability, and progress. [sexuality, homophobia, objects, intimacy, citizenship, Kenya] NOTES Acknowledgments I acknowledge grants from the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs at Harvard University, which supported my field research in Kenya. I wish to thank Sarah Luna, Durba Mitra, Robert Reid-Pharr, Brad Weiss, and the three anonymous reviewers for reading earlier drafts of this article and offering helpful feedback. I presented this research CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY 35:4 598 at Harvard University and at Oklahoma University. I thank my audiences for their critiques and suggestions. 1. Personal communications with LGBTQ+ activists from these countries. 2. For Cameroon, see Peter Geschiere (2017, 11); for Ghana, see Nathanael Homewood (2020, 114–17); for Nigeria, see Benedict Hart (2014); for Uganda, see J. Lester Feder (2014). 3. In African contexts, anti-homosexual sentiment and violence have emerged not only through political leaders' incitements but also through transnational religious networks, popular reactions to neocolonialism, and changing forms of consumerism and gender (Msibi 2011; M'Baye 2013; Ndjio 2016). 4. Kenya National Assembly Official Record, November 12, 2008, 3407.


Cloud computing is used to store data from various resources by the user. It is difficult for the user to store entire data within the system; therefore clouds are formed to store the user data. User can store as much large amount of the data as user wants. This data stored in the cloud must be integrated, the integrity of the data is thus has to be checked and maintain with the help of Trusted third party. Only trusted third party has the authority to check and to maintain the integrity f the data. The main approach of this paper is to check the integrity of the data stored and to maintain the security by using cryptography method. Keywords— Multi-cloud storage, data integrity, cloud privacy, TTP, Cryptography, proofs of retrievability.


The application of jatropha oil as alternative lubricant basestock has emerged recently. However, the resistance to oxidation and thermal stability of this oil become a concern to its application as lubricant. In this study, the oxidation and thermal degradation of crude jatropha oil (CJO) have been studied. The oxidation of the CJO was investigated by air bubbling method. The viscosity and functional group changes due to oxidation were studied before and after oxidation test. The thermal stability of CJO was investigated by using Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) method in O 2 and N 2 gases environment. Jatropha oil was found oxidized by autoxidation mechanism produces high molecular species which capable to increase viscosity of the oil. The TGA results shows that CJO thermally stable in the temperature below 168°C in O 2 gas environment and below 225°C in N 2 gas environment.


In order to adapt new changes of residential user demand response business and regulate business scenario description, current situation of development of domestic and foreign residents in aspect of residential users demand response is presented; potentiality of residential users demand response analyzed; resource of residential users demand response under new situation concluded, new partition to demand response business conducted, concept of seller's and buyer's responses put forward, business functional modules and business architecture described. Finally, a business modeling method of residential users demand response based on unified modeling language(UML) is designed, and a concrete modeling example combined with seller's response business is given.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess factors that influence Chinese police supervisors' attitudes toward police roles, community policing, and job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach – Survey data were collected from police supervisors in a major Chinese city. Multivariate regression was used to assess the effects of officers' background characteristics and assignments on their occupational attitudes. Findings – Ethnic minority supervisors were more likely to have a broader order maintenance orientation, a narrower crime fighting orientation, and supportive attitudes toward quality of life activities. Less experienced supervisors were more inclined to favor the order maintenance role. Supervisors with a stronger order maintenance orientation tended to support problem solving activities and have a greater level of job satisfaction. Officers with military service experience also expressed a higher degree of job satisfaction. Research limitations/implications – Survey data collected from a ...


The essay attempts to define the concept of authority prevalent during the fourth and fifth centuries in the complex relationship between spiritual and temporal, highlighting the presuppositions in the internal dynamics of Church and Empire. The perception that the Christian authors of the period had of this relationship emerges as a decisive factor, given the increasing influence of culture in defining the appropriate parameters within which authority should be situated. The peculiarity of the spiritual is initially perceived in a confused manner, given the common organisation on the basis of homologous institutions; nevertheless common to both institutions is the use of imagery based on a regal model, with the shared objective of imposing authority on the people. The personal attributions of those individuals depicted with such imagery suggests a consistent sharing of some aspects of authority, giving rise to a characterisation more in terms of juridical attributions than moral qualities.


The LHCb experiment requires positive kaon identification in the momentum range 2-100 GeV/c. This is provided by two ring imaging Cherenkov detectors. The stringent requirements on the photon detectors are fully satisfied by the novel pixel hybrid photon detector, HPD. The HPD is a vacuum tube with a quartz window, S20 photo-cathode, cross-focusing electron optics and a silicon anode encapsulated within the tube. The anode is a 32/spl times/256 pixels hybrid detector, with a silicon sensor bump-bonded onto a readout chip containing 8192 channels with analogue front-end and digital read-out circuitry. An external magnetic field influences the trajectory of the photoelectrons and could thereby degrade the inherent excellent space resolution of the HPD. The HPDs must be operational in the fringe magnetic field of the LHCb magnet. This paper reports on an extensive experimental characterization of the distortion effects. The characterization has allowed the development of parameterisations and of a compensation algorithm. A calibration procedure based on the imaging of pre-defined test patterns that has been developed for the RICH detectors is also proposed.


This paper reports a bi-directional electrostatic microspeaker that has three main features: (1) a thin and flexible Parylene membrane for large deflection (>7.5 mum), thus, large acoustic pressure generation, (2) dual electrodes on both sides of the membrane to pull it in two opposite directions and overcome the weak restoration force of the polymer membrane, thus allowing the use of flexible membranes as a high-speed vibration element, and (3) bi-directional (forward/backward) packaged structures for symmetric and loud acoustic sounds of 113.4 dB (SPL: sound pressure level) at 7.68 kHz when actuated using a single electrode, and 98.8 dB (SPL) at 13.81 kHz when actuated using two electrodes at a distance of 1 cm from the microspeaker. By actuating two membranes, the microspeaker also produced symmetric sound pressures at both the front and back sides of the device. The generated sound frequency range is from 1 kHz (measurement cut-off frequency) to 25 kHz, and the sound level was reasonably uniform over a wide frequency range. The fabricated microspeaker has an active area footprint of 3 times 5 mm2, while the total packaged device (including electrical pads area of 3.5 times3.5 mm2) has a volume of 13 times 16 times 1 mm3. The micropump is built on two bonded silicon wafers and incorporates a flexible polymer, Parylene, membrane as the actuation membrane


Wat Khongkharam has served as the center of a large Mon community in Ratchaburi province since the early Rattanakosin period. Within the temple complex are a number of artworks that are related to Mon culture such as Mon-style pagodas, mural paintings on the interior walls of the ordination hall and pavilions, a 9-roomed, Thai-style monk's residence, and a folk museum; all of which are tangible cultural capital invaluable in historical, aesthetic, academic and social aspects. Those artworks constitute a body of knowledge essential for the development of Wat Khongkharam as a learning center of arts and culture of the Mon people in Thailand based on art history approach which emphasizes the acquisition of knowledge and understanding on the basis of academic foundations.


Allotetraploid Hybrids of Red Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus red var, abbreviated as RCC) (♀) and Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L, abbreviated as CC) (♂) is a species produced by distant hybridization. In this study, SWATH-MS were applied for quantitative proteomics profiling in gonad tissue of allotetraploid and its parents RCC (♀) and CC (♂) respectively. A total of 2338 unique proteins were identified in our proteomic profiling by SWATH-MS. Gene enrichment and network analysis based on differentially expression proteins revealed some metabolic enzymes involved in gonad growth and development of allotetraploid. Specially, the up-regulated gene TDRD1 (ratio=2.59, p=0.02) in allotetraploid play a significant role in spermatogenesis which could speed up the sexual maturation during the process of gonad growth and development. Protein-protein interaction and pathway analysis furtherly suggested that TDRD1 served as a hub protein in metabolic-related pathways and networks. It could regulate gonad development via regulating metabolic pathways in a synergistic way with surrounding regulatory factors including CS, GPIA, PGK1, IDH2. In addition, TDRD1 could directly regulate spermatogenesis in conjunction with PIWIL1, PIWIL2 and VASA. Quantitative proteomics integrated with network analysis explored the molecular mechanism that TDRD1 regulated sexual maturation, development and growth of allotetraploid in a synergetic way with metabolic genes and pathways. The proteomics data have been deposited ProteomeXchange Consortium via the iProX partner repository with the data set identifiers .


Introduction: Cancer is the main public health problem in the world and is already among the top four causes of death before the age of 70 in most countries. In this context, the interest in quality in the care of cancer services is evident. Because of this, several techniques and methods for this measurement are beginning to emerge, but so far there is no valid and reliable methodological strategy of consensus among researchers, except for the HUMAS and QUALISUS (Brazil) scale. Objective: To present the main strategies and criteria to propose a standard model for the validation of humanized care of oncological individuals from Brazil to the world, based on HUMAS international and QUALISUS in Brazil. Methods: The present study followed a review model of the main national and international public health legislation from Brazil (QUALISUS), WHO (World Health Organization), Health Professional Humanization Scale (HUMAS), and scientific articles. Results: Due to the automation of care, the concept of humanization of care has been increasingly discussed in the scientific literature. Respect for the patient's dignity, uniqueness, individuality, and humanity, as well as adequate working conditions and sufficient human and material resources, are the key elements of the humanization of care that were highlighted in this study's proposal. The factors that can contribute the most to the humanization process are the affection in the service, the friendliness and the smile, and the ones that can make it more difficult are the bad mood, the noise, and the punctual non-attendance. Conclusion: This study presented the main strategies and criteria to propose a standard model for the validation of humanized care of oncological individuals from Brazil to the world, strongly pointing out that hospital humanization must be experienced and felt by all who work in the hospital and need to reflect on the care offered to clients and their families.