It is increasingly present the understanding of the fact that achieving the objectives of multinational organizations imposes the finding and using of the most appropriate strategies to ensure the optimal valuing framework of human resources potential. Among these, the promotion of human resources becomes a constant and beneficial preoccupation for any other multinational organization. Therefore, the approach of some theoretical issues relating to the promotion of human resources in multinational organizations, and also the presentation of some results of a field investigation carried out in order to identify the peculiarities of promoting human resources in multinational organizations are the main objectives on which we focused in this paper.


This paper is a sequel to 'Scheduling for a share of the machine',1 and describes a new approach to the scheduling of work, now in service on the IBM 370/165 at Cambridge University, England. The new approach provides large amounts of immediate turnround while retaining the essential features of the older system, predictability, control of machine usage proportional to shares and 'fairness'. The approach in this paper, whilst being a natural extension of the Share system, represents a fundamental change in scheduling philosophy from the usual 'first in first out' or 'priority with ageing' approach, to a 'now or later' system. It is believed to be original, and to represent an important development in optimizing waiting time, be it for computer time or for hospital beds.


ABSTRACT A data acquisition system has been developed for the analysis of the performance of an experimental reactor unit for coal gasification. Pertinent data such as gas concentrations, temperatures, and pressures at several locations inside the reactor, and the flow rate of supply gases are collected. An automated calibration procedure of the gas analysis system is included. A minicomputer controls the time sequences of the individual events, allowing a high degree of flexibility. The intervals between two gas analyses can be made as short as 30 sec, the other data can be taken arbitrarily often. The system is suitable for expansion to monitor more physical quantities and to increase the number of observation points inside the reactor.


ABSTRACT To illustrate decision making as negotiation, this report utilizes P. H. Gulliver's theories concerning negotiation and two case studies of. decision making by cooperative labor-management Quality of Work Life (QWL) committees. Negotiation as jpint decision-making is discussed and two models that are central to. Gulliver's theories of processual negotiation are presented: a cyclical model of information exchange between the negotiation parties, and a developmental model that maps the progress of the negotiations, guiding'them with eight conceptually distinct phases that maT more or less parallel actual phases in time. The report describes two labor-management committees that are part of a QWL program established to improve both the quality of working conditions for municipal employees and the services provided by city governmeift. It then recounts the operating principles of the QWL program, its expansion, its committee based structure, and the consensus decision-making process it employed. A retord.of each committee meeting follows, with 'an abstract of the occurrences at each one. The first analysis section on negotiation as decision making concludes that Gulliver's theory presents little help in explaining why one committee acted successfully and a second inconclusively..The second analysis section concludes that the decision making of the successful committee may be viewed as negotiation because the committee built incrementally on a series of decisions made by the committee, consulted outside_ par tiesr_and__incorpoLated_the___diverse_ interests of different organizational,stakeholders in its operation-. (CRH)


A passive solar test structure was built to test design techniques that will achieve an internal bio-climatic comfort zone at high levels of humidity. These techniques include: the utilization of reflective exterior roof colors and angles, shading devices, and solar induced air cooled walls and attic spaces, thermal grounding of a large amount of shaded interior building mass, and interior air recirculation. (MHR)


The invention belongs to a new drug composite, in particular to a drug composite which adopts calcium 2,5-dihydroxysulfonate and ADP receptor antagonist as active ingredients. In order to find a composite drug composite for curing thrombotic diseases which can not only keep the fast and forceful anticoagulation activity, but also effectively reduce the bleeding risk, the inventor finds that usingthe drug composite containing calcium 2,5-dihydroxysulfonate and ADP receptor antagonist which are both used as active ingredients has best synergistic effect and better and faster anticoagulation function through serious and repeated experiments, the bleeding rate is reduced to the minimum and the bleeding risk is greatly decreased so as to increase the overall curative effect and patient compliance for curing thrombotic diseases.


According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO) diarrhea is a disease that affects 1.5 million children every year, which means almost all geographical regions in the world. Every year there are around 1.7 billion cases of diarrhea with a mortality rate of 760,000 children. Diarrheal disease is still one of the main problems in society which is very difficult to overcome. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of counseling on diarrhea prevention on the knowledge of grade 3 and 4 students at Budi Sastra Elementary School. Research This type of research is Quantitative. Pre-experimental design With the One Group Pre-Post Test Design. The population in this study were grades 3 and 4 of SD Budi Sastra totaling 104 people. The samples taken amounted to 84 respondents with the Proportional Random Sampling technique. The research instrument used a video and a questionnaire with a total of 20 questions about knowledge which was tested for validity with results obtained at 0.138 and a reliability test with a value of 0.87. Univariate data analysis using the frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results of the study showed that most of the respondents had a sufficient level of knowledge in the pre-test (55%) and in the post-test, most of the respondents had a good level of knowledge (70%). The results of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test obtained a significance value of P-value 0.000 <0.05, which means that there is an influence of counseling on prevention of diarrhea on the knowledge of grade 3 and 4 students. It is hoped that schools can work together with local health centers regarding diarrhea.


Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine, in the context of online news use, the predictive values of two factors: perceived bias in traditional media and preference for partisan news.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used data collected as part of the Pew Internet and American Life Project between December 28, 2009, and January 19, 2010. The data were analyzed using linear regression analysis.

Findings

The findings provide evidence of the values of two potentially significant predictors of online news use: a perception of bias in traditional media and preference for partisan news. In addition, higher levels of political partisanship were shown to intensify the positive effect of perceived bias in traditional media on online news use in new media outlets, reinforcing the impact of preference for partisan news on participatory online news use.

Research limitations/implications

Depending on individual decisions, the internet can either help to empower deliberative democracy (where diverse and different voices coexist) or lead to an extremely polarized society.

Originality/value

With the explosive growth of the internet as a news source, media scholars have explored the factors that encourage people to rely on the internet for news and information. Nevertheless, certain attributes of online news consumption originating from individual attitudes about and perceptions of the media environment remain underspecified. This research helps advance an understanding of the types of people who seek news online and how they use various sources.


The objective of this paper is to discuss the implementation of AI in a sector like healthcare, providing a methodology based on machine learning for the pattern recognition in the behaviour of a specific outbreak. With this purpose, this paper starts defining a conceptual map on artificial intelligence. Afterwards, the document deepens in machine learning concepts linking them with the usual learning processes and their corresponding applications, providing a view as well on Artificial Neural Network, in order to observe advantages of this useful tool. Subsequently, possible applications for medical issues are depicted. With that, a case study is described proposing an unsupervised learning process for the pattern recognition applying the Jensen-Shannon Divergence. This example is based on the behaviour of the reproductive number of a specific outbreak among different areas. Some conclusions are commented at the end, indicating as well possible future research lines on this field.


Financialization has become a new keyword to describe and analyze contemporary developments in economies and societies. It has also become a key concept in understanding recent trends in housing markets and policies. Since most scholarship that has initially studied these new trends was produced by scholars based in Europe, North America, and Australia and reflected on the dynamics of countries situated at the centers of the world economy, questions arose on the extent to which these trends could also be detected outside of these countries. The call for articles that originated this special issue was intended to collectively answer this question: Does the financialization of housing shape, and is it shaped by, housing policies and practices in countries situated at the peripheries of the global economy? The initial call for articles referred to these other territories and economies as the Global South. Although the term Global South is generally juxtaposed with the term Global North, which suggests a very strong binary, the idea was not to employ the term in this binary fashion. Rather, Global South was used as a shorthand or heuristic device to focus on countries other than Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United States, or those of Europe. We also could have opted for terms like nonrich, poor, non-Western, Third World, developing, or underdeveloped countries. The denominations born of postwar decolonization processes, which are founded on the discourse in which Truman launched the Point 4 Program, divided the world into advanced, modern, and developed countries on one hand, and traditional, backward, and underdeveloped countries on the other. Development aid was thought to enable everyone to reach, at some point, the desired stage of a developed country. In the 1960s, multilateral agencies and central universities adopted a new epithet in the same direction: developing countries. But like the term Global South, these are all problematic terms. They all have links to specific modes of organizing the globe that, throughout modern history, very often produced a dualistic view of the world. Most recently, denominations follow each other in quick succession and compete: South, Global South, emerging economies. Classification systems produce and reproduce a representation of the world and of the positions occupied by different individuals, social groups, and collective actors, but also by territories. South– North and Global South–Global North classifications are highly indebted to the tradition of geographic regionalization, which is based on homogeneities. In reality, there are more complex constellations of countries. We do not intend to resolve such issues in this special issue. Instead, we would like to focus on the financialization of housing in countries located at the peripheries of the world economy, with the specific goal of rejecting binary thinking about financialization processes. A common critique in the financialization literature is that the concept is used to suggest that the same process takes place across the globe and erases differences, resulting in increased convergence between countries and, in this case, their housing systems. This is not at all what we suggest. We see financialization as a process that unfolds across space—that is, it is structured by existing institutions in those spaces and it is restructuring those very institutions. Financialization is not a generalized process that erases existing differences across place and space. There is no model prescribing what


This study analyzes the short-run and long-run effects of interaction between fiscal and monetary policies on stock market performance in four emerging Asian economies, which are China, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia, by using ARDL model. The study covers the period of 2003:Q1-2020:Q1. The findings from this study show monetary and fiscal policies play an important role in determining stock market returns. Also, the results theoretically support Richardian neutrality hypothesis for China and Indonesia, Keynesian positive effect hypothesis for India, and classical crowding out effect hypothesis for Malaysia, and interest channel of monetary transmission mechanism only for China.


Summary - A rotai of 49 populations of the genus He/icoly/enchus Steiner, 1945 from various localities in South Africa were studied. H. de/anus sp. n., col1ected from the rhizosphere of Pinus panda is described. The species is characterized by the poste rior position of the vulva CV = 73-76%), reduced posterior genital branch (25-44 ~m), and position of phasmids (five annuli posterior ro anus) in females and by body length (497-629 ~m), position of excrerory pore (85-94 /lm from anterior end), stylet length (22-26 /lm), spicule length (18-23 /lm), and gubernaculum length (6-8 ~m) in males. H. krugeri Van den Berg & Heyns, 1975 is synonymized with H. martini Sher, 1966. H. paracana/is Sauer & Winoro, 1975 and H. variabi/is Philips, 1971 are new recorctings for South Africa. The male of H. indicus Siddiqi, 1963 is described for the first time and H. brevis (Whitehead, 1958) Fortuner, 1984, H. exallus Sher, 1966, and H. vu/garis Yuen, 1964 are redescribed. © OrstomlElsevier, Paris


One of the applications of high-Tc oxide superconductor is magnetic shielding. For example, it is very important to shield very weak fields produced in the human body from the geomagnetic field or fields generated by the electric instruments in order to detect precisely them. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between the shielding efficiency and the superconducting properties. The cylinders made up from Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox high-Tc superconductors with different critical currents and magnetizations were prepared by changing the sintering condition. The shielding efficiency in the cylinder was measured as functions of the shape factor of L/D of the cylinder and the internal position of the cylinder, where L and D are the lenght and inner diameter of the cylinder, respectively. The shielding efficiency, defined by the ratio of the transverse and applied fields, was logarithmically dependent on the shape factor and increased with the critical current and volume fraction of the superconducting component which is in proportion to the gradient of the initial magnetization curve. The efficiency, however, was independent of the magnitude of the magnetization and the frequency of the external AC magnetic field.


A pulsed direct current (dc) reactive ion beam sputtering system has been used to synthesize highly c -axis oriented aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films on (0002)-oriented 200-nm thin titanium layers deposited on a Si-(111) substrate. After a systematic study of the processing variables, high-quality polycrystalline films with preferred c -axis orientation have been grown successfully on the Ti (0002) layer using an Al target under a N2/(N2 + Ar) ratio of 70%, a 2 mTorr processing pressure, and keeping the temperature of the substrate holder at ambient temperature (no substrate heating). The crystalline quality of the AlN and the underlaying Ti thin films was characterized by high-resolution x-ray diffraction. Best ?- full width at half maximum values of the (0002) reflection for 1-µm thin AlN layers are 0.56°. Hence, the AlN layers show a high degree of orientation in the (0002) direction, which directly translates into a high Q value piezoelectric response. Atomic force microscopy measurements were used to study the surface morphology of the Ti layer in an attempt to understand its impact on the quality of the AlN films deposited on top of them. Transmission electron microscopy cross-section analysis has been carried out to investigate the AlN/Ti interface. Our observations reveal the presence of crack-free layers with a smooth surface and extremely low defect density. Even local epitaxy phenomena have been identified at the AlN/Ti interface. The processing conditions used to synthesize AlN layers on Ti at room temperature are efficient in reducing the dislocation density and in-plane residual strain. Such AlN/Ti bilayers can be applied to manufacture novel electroacoustic device structures (such as bulk acoustic wave filters) on silicon substrates in further investigations.


WEP protocol is a security standard in wireless LAN, which is used to provide the equivalent privacy as the privacy in wired network. The working and encrypting manner in 802.11 protocol is discussed first. Then the function and security vulnerabilities of WEP algorithm is analyzed. With this as the mathematic basis, discussion is made on the vulnerability and ways of being attacked in WEP. At last the method to prove the data security in wireless network by VPN is recommended, with its advantages briefly analyzed.


Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting people over 60 years old. Although many studies on PD focused on basal ganglia, it has been reported that other brain regions might be involved. The current work investigated the effect of 1-methyl-4-phenyl1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) injection on the brain cortex of PD rat model using Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence techniques against phophorylated neurofilament antibody (pNF). A highly significant increase of pNF protein level in the treated rats was recorded using western blot as compared to the control rats. At the same time, Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses showed that the neuronal perikarya of the cerebral cortex of MPTP-treated rats were strongly immunopositive towards pNF. Meanwhile, axons and dendrites of the cerebral cortical neurons were selectively immunoreactive for pNF in Original Research Article Fathy and Addelkader; ARRB, 6(6): 409-415, 2015; Article no.ARRB.2015.100 410 the control rats. This study suggested that MPTP injection increased the level of pNF protein and its perikaryal accumulation with axonal reduction in the cortex of PD rat model. These variations might have an important role in the understanding of the pathologic mechanism of PD.


Streams in Cyprus embody different climates from their surroundings due to their slopes on different directions, height differences between the streambed and slopes, air stream within a valley, temperature differences caused by sunshine durations depending on sunrise and sunset locations. Distinction in the geomorphological pattern of valleys and associated climate allowed the formation of various plant communities. While the microclimates formed within valleys assure the survival of some different plant species apart from the general vegetation cover, they also cause different physiological development of some plants. Generally, valleys in Cyprus have positive impacts on vegetation. Primarily due to their characteristics to form lower areas, they have mainly a positive impact through their holding humid weather and allow humid winds towards the interior. Valleys also have a major role in the protection of former natural vegetation of Cyprus. Nowadays, with the impact of global warming, the island with higher temperatures as well as aridification, encounters with the changes in climate and natural vegetation and even some plant species disappear. The valleys of Cyprus may become a place to survive and live for such plants while they may cause significant development and growth in size of some plants. Cedars (Cedrus libani brevifolia) in Cedar valley, Troodos, hazelnuts (Corryllus avellana) in Bitsilya valley, gray elms (Ulmus canescens,) Oriental alder (Alnus orientalis)in Diarizos and Stavros   and oriental planes (Platanus orientalis) in Karkot stream and Kamara stream have survived due to the microclimatic conditions of valleys. Therefore, the valleys located both in Troodos and north foothills of the Kyrenia Mountains shed light to the times with more humidity and are the evidence for the future significance of the impacts of valleys on diversification through their vegetation geography.


Display apparatus, a plurality of gate lines and the first and second to the data lines to the data driving circuit for outputting a data output signal to a display panel, in response to a data signal including a plurality of pixels coupled respectively, responsive to the control signal by a de-multiplexer circuit, and to said data drive circuit for providing the data output signal from the above data, the drive circuit of the first and second data lines and providing the data signal, for providing the control signal to the demultiplexer circuit comprising a drive controller, the demultiplexer circuit, the switching transistor, and the control signal comprising a first electrode, a gate electrode connected to the second electrode and a first node coupled to the first data line connected to the data output signal in response to a first time period of the one horizontal period has the switching transistor turns By so-charging a first node, and responsive to the control signal during the first interval of the second horizontal period and a switching control circuit for the charge discharge the first node.


In this paper, we mainly investigate the origin and impact of an anomalous peak observed on the intermediate frequency (IF) response of some 600 GHz Nb superconductor-isolator-superconductor (SIS) mixers. The dependences of the IF peak on temperature and magnetic field are studied to verify its Josephson-junction-like behavior. The cross sections of two SIS junction samples are analyzed by transmission electron microscopy to locate this parasitic Josephson weak link. Five different junction samples are measured to determine the impact of the Josephson weak link on the mixer performance. Finally, an equivalent circuit model is proposed to explain its behavior.


There is always an increasing demand for advanced materials with enhanced properties through economic processing routes with reference to their field of applications. Tailoring the mechanical properties of light weight Al-Si alloys through stir casting route by virtue of incorporating TiB2 reinforcement is much simple and convincing with the use of salt metal reaction. High strength to weight ratio, good wear and corrosion resistance, superior castability, machinability and thermal expansion coefficient of Al-Si alloys make them suitable for aerospace and automobile applications. One of the most effective routes of achieving these attributes is by grain refinement and modifying the eutectic silicon accompanied by the reinforcement of TiB2. In the present work, the synthesis and characterization of Al-Si eutectic and hypo-eutectic alloys with 2wt. % in-situ TiB2 through salt metal reaction with the help of stir casting method have been studied. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of in-situ TiB2 while microstructural changes due to the presence of TiB2 were observed on both optical as well as SEM micrographs. Enhanced mechanical properties and wear behaviour of these composites were observed with increasing Si content. Besides, worn surface analysis has also been carried out using SEM to study the tribological mechanisms supporting the wear test results.


Although significant research has been conducted to improve the standard of life of the blind person by using recent methods, it continues to be adequate for blindness rehabilitation. Increasingly, the computer vision system is being used to improve the performance of blind life's. In this paper, a technique is designed using histogram equalization and adaptive region growing to aid the blind person by giving the person information about the free space apart from the obstacles around him in all the directions for better mobility. It encompasses three modules, (i) histogram equalization (ii) segmentation and (iii) Kalman filtering. Histogram equalization module employs a canny edge detector to detect edges and then goes through with histogram equalization. Segmentation module makes use of an adaptive region growing for the segmentation process. Kalman filtering and comparison is made use of the final module to calculate the free space available. The input image is Kalman filtered and compared with the segmented image to have the free space calculation. The comparison is carried out with the help of the OR operator and the resulting figure give the free space. The proposed strategy is assessed under standard assessment measurements of False Positive, False Negative, True Positive and True Negative, explicitness, affectability, and precision for various group sizes. The simulations results obtained are plotted. This resulted in the following observations highest specificity, sensitivity and accuracy came around 0.90, 0.50 and 0.71 and similarly, average TP, TN, FP and FN came about 0.79, 0.5, 0.5 and 0.20 respectively. The high evaluation metric values indicate the good performance of the proposed technique in the area.


In this paper we employ a two stage Cournot duopoly model where firms can obtain outside funds only to finance production plans payouts to shareholders are not allowed. Debt, equity and capacity are chosen in the first stage and output is chosen in the second stage. In contrast to the existing literature in this area, we show firms always choose zero debt in equilibrium. The two important implications of our analysis are (a) while there are linkages between financial structure and product market decisions, these linkages have no real effect on the choice of optimal capital structure of a firm, and (b) the standard results in this area are not robust to model specifications.


A task force of the National Psoriasis Foundation Medical Board was convened to evaluate treatment options for psoriasis in the setting of excessive alcohol intake. Consensus on treatment algorithms was achieved. Background Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, multisystem disease in which alcohol abuse is higher than in the general population. Alcohol may exacerbate psoriasis and can complicate the choices for therapy given the potential for the combined toxicity of ethanol and treatment. Evidence-based data to guide clinicians in managing these challenging patients are quite limited. Objective Our aim was to create treatment recommendations to help dermatologists manage patients with psoriasis in the setting of excessive alcohol intake. Methods A literature review was conducted to examine treatment options for psoriasis in the setting of excessive alcohol consumption. Results Treatment should be dictated by the severity of disease and any patient comorbidities. First-line choices for extensive disease include phototherapy with narrowband ultraviolet B and photochemotherapy with psoralen plus ultraviolet A, as well as the tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors adalimumab and infliximab. Second-line choices are acitretin, alefacept, cyclosporine, etanercept, and ustekinumab. A third-line choice would be methotrexate. Physicians should be vigilant to check liver function tests regularly. Limitations There are few studies examining treatment options for psoriasis in the setting of excessive alcohol consumption. Thus, these recommendations are based on experience and expert opinions. Conclusion Management of psoriasis in the setting of excessive alcohol consumption requires a thorough understanding of the treatment options that are available. Therapy should be based on the extent of the disease balanced with patients' underlying comorbidities.


Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are expected to play a crucial role in the future of 5G and beyond. However, designing efficient routing protocols for UAV is challenging due to the mobility and energy constraints. This problem becomes harder in UAV-assisted 5G networks because of its impact on the time slot assignment for the uplink and downlink in Time Division Duplex (TDD) frame structure. Thus, in this paper, we propose a new optimum routing technique for UAV-assisted TTD 5G networks, the Optimized Load-Balancing Routing (OLBR). The optimum routing problem is formulated in such a way that the decision variables are used to compute the time slot assignment in the 5G connection between UAV nodes. The objective of the optimization model is to minimize the network-wide delay. By distributing traffic across different alternative routes, OLBR minimizes network congestion, resulting in shorter queuing delays. Such a load-balancing also decreases the possibility of node failure due to energy depletion. The proposed OLBR is compared to the shortest path routing using Monte Carlo simulation on two different network topologies at different network traffic loads. The simulation results show that the OLBR produces significant savings in network-wide packet delay compared to the shortest path.


Intracavity electrically-controlled scanning of laser radiation direction is a promising method of the non-mechanic laser beam sending to the given space point. In paper [1,2] the application PLZT-based electrically-controlled spatial-time light modulator (STLM) for scanning of the YAG:Nd laser and Cu vapor laser radiation was given for the first time.


ABSTRACT A simple, sensitive and selective spectrophotometric procedure was developed for the determination of imipramine hydrochloride, desipramine hydrochloride, clomipramine hydrochloride and trimipramine maleate belonging to dibenzazepine class of drugs. The method is based on the interaction of diazotized p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride with the drug in sulphuric acid medium. The resulting chromophore was measured at 565 nm, and was stable for about 2.5 hr. The commonly encountered excipients and additives do not interfere with the determination. Dibenzazepine drugs can be determined in the range of 0.1-4.0 μg/ml, with a relative standard deviation of 1.92% for ten replicate measurement of 2.0 μg/ml dibenzazepine drugs. Results from the analysis of preformulations and commercial tablets by this procedure agree well with those of the official method.


The purposes of this research were to study and compare environmental knowledge, environmental ethics and environmental volunteers before and after integrated instructional activities of environmental education by using community - based learning and active learning, to compare environmental knowledge, environmental ethics and environmental volunteers of students with different gender and Grade Point Average (GPA). The sample used in the study were 89 the first year undergraduate students in Environmental Education program, Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahasarakham University, which was derived by purposive sampling in environmental studies course. The research tools were the integrated instructional activities of environmental education by using community - based learning and active learning, environmental knowledge test, environmental ethics test and environmental volunteers test. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and hypothesis testing using t-test, F-test (One–Way MANOVA, One–Way MANCOVA and Univariate Test). The results of the research showed that: 1) The students had average score of the environment knowledge, environmental ethics and environmental volunteers in the posttest higher than pretest statistical significance (p .05). 3) There was statistically significant difference between average score of the environmental knowledge, environmental ethics and environmental volunteers of undergraduate students with different Grade Point Average (GPA) (p < .05).


Objective: To discuss the clinical value for diagnosis of IHPS by ultrasonography and the diagnosis standard. Methods: Pyloric diameter, muscular thickness and pyloric length were measured in 50 infants with IHPS and in 39 normal infants. Results: The pyloric length and muscular thickness in the IHPS group were apparently more than those in the control group. However,the pyloric diameter was apparently smaller.(P0.01).Conclusion: B-mode ultrasonography is very valuable for the diagnosis of IHPS.


In the 1970s there emerged the scientific-knowledge sociology that has deconstructed the traditional sci- entific philosophy,regarded scientific knowledge as philosophy ideas such as the truth and the actuality and dominated the status to explain the knowledge,and simultaneously constructed an appropriate pattern to carry out the sociological explanation of scientific knowledge.Being different from how the scientific researc"hshould"be conducted with attention by a philosopher,what the sociologists ponder i"show actually"people conduct the scientific research.Due to the difference of attention,the scientific-knowledge sociology chose the naturalism as the foundation of its methodology.The realization of naturalism appeal needs to draw support from the utilization of concrete method,and the manifestation that the scientific-knowledge sociologists appeal for naturalism is not isolated,but associates itself with empiricism method and descriptivist method to seek together the goal of the exploration of science.


In order to obtain the ceramic material which can be used to temperature-sensor for measuring high temperature fastly,the resistivity of aluminum titanate-mullite ceramic material was foundationally studyed,it will be helpful to design and optimize the outstanding material,so that exploiting the potentian applion of aluminum titanate-mullite.The findings indicated that,aluminum titanate-mullite is insulative material in the room temperature,resistivity is above 1 011 Ω·cm;at 342 ℃,it transformed from insulator to semiconductor;at 569 ℃,it transformed from semiconductor to insulator;at 1 000 ℃,it is also semiconductor.Aluminum titanate-mullite is subtractive temperaturemodulus material,resistivity in the heating and cooling process is irreversible.


The crystal structure of the R-phase was determined by combined use of the electron diffraction and the powder X-ray diffraction method. The Rietveld method was applied for the analysis of the powder diffraction data. The structure of the R-phase belongs to the space group P3 and is similar to that of ξ ' 2 Au-Cd martensite. The deviations of the atomic coordinates from the mirrorplane of the P31m are smaller than that of ζ ' 2 Au-Cd. The convergent beam electron diffraction patterns were also observed and discussed with the results.


The well-known Rodrigues' equations for the composition of two finite rotations were introduced in 1840 without a detailed derivation. Although later derivations are available, the one presented here is very simple, is based on rotation results due to Euler, is essentially self-contained, and makes use of analysis techniques familiar to engineering students. As the Rodrigues equations have a strong connection to quaternions, this matter is considered in some detail. Then the equations are used to derive some general results concerning the angle and axis of the composite rotation. If α, β, θ and a, b, d indicate the rotation angles and axes for the two individual rotations and for the composite rotation, respectively, some of the results are as follows. (a) The value of θ does not depend on the order of the two rotations. (b) The vector d is equal to the sum of two vectors, one in the plane Π spanned by a and b, and one perpendicular to Π. Moreover, the vector in Π is always between a and b. (c) The rotation axes for the two possible composite rotations are symmetric with respect to Π. (d) The angle θ decreases from α + β to α − β as the angle between a and b increases from 0 to π. Finally, the Rodrigues equations are used to derive the equations corresponding to the composition of infinitesimal rotations, which are also derived using alternative approaches.


The system bases on the theory of rolling-wheel to measure large diameter, by applying double counters to record the round grating's signal and using the method of three rolling-wheels paralleling data acquisition, redundancy measurement and error amendment and so on, realizes the measurement of large axis workpieces' diameter with high precision in on-line and dynamic condition. The experiment shows that the system can achieve the on-line dynamic measurement precision in m D µ 5 at the range of the diameter m m D 5 ~ 1 = complexly combining hardware and soft under the relevant control methods.


@nathan_stevens and you answer an older question. Those Hummingbird bots look a lot like they run on Scratch code...May need to beg school to order


The variational limit equilibrium method, formulated by BAKER and GARBER (1977) in the case of unreinforced slopes, has been used in the case of geotextile reinforced slopes. We have shown that the shape of the failure surface's trace of the reinforced slopes is a log-spiral of angle Or (reduced angle of internal friction of the sail). To evaluate the contribution of the reinforcements in the analysis of the stability, a theoretical model, based on a variational approach, has been elaborated. It allows ta determinate the tension mobilized at the intersection with the failure surface, for each layer' of reinforcement. This has been done owing ta the local equilibrium coupled with the geotextile and the interface (soil-geotextile) stress-strain relationships. Furthermore, it allows ta determinate the distributions of stresses and soil-geotextile displacements, for each point of the geotextiles. The originality of this approach is to permit the determination of the optimum position of the layer, sa that we obtain an extrema! tension at the intersection geotextile-failure surface. This modelization is based on arbitrary hypothesis concerning the stress distribution which action the above face of the membranes. Nevertheless, the numerical results indicate that the influence of these hypothesis is very little. A computer program has been developed. It allows evaluate the global stability of the reinforced slope, after having analyzed the local equilibrium of each layer of reinforcement.


Objective To investigate the frequency and clinical aspects of patients with neck pain who responded and did not respond to scapular repositioning and to determine the clinical features associated with a positive response. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Research unit, Department of Physical Therapy, Chiang Mai University. Participants Volunteers with non-specific neck pain aged 18–59 years were recruited between May 2020 and February 2021 from hospitals, clinics, university and community. Outcome measures Clinical data documented were neck pain (intensity, duration and disability), the presence of headache, type of scapular dysfunction, cervical musculoskeletal impairment (range of motion (ROM), flexion rotation test (FRT) and location of any symptomatic cervical joint dysfunction), upper limb functional limitation and self-reported disability. Manual scapular repositioning was performed on the side of neck pain. Participants were categorised as responsive or non-responsive based on a change in pain and/or cervical rotation range. Results A total of 219 people with neck pain responded to advertisements, of which 144 were eligible. Of the eligible participants, 107 (74.3%) demonstrated a clinically relevant improvement in either neck pain or rotation range or both following the scapular repositioning and 37 (25.7%) had no relevant improvement. The responsive group had a high incidence of scapular downward rotation, greater neck pain intensity, headache and cervical musculoskeletal impairment (reduced ROM, positive FRT and symptomatic C1-3 dysfunction) compared with the non-responsive group (p<0.05). A logistic regression model revealed that features strongly associated with a positive response were the presence of headache (Exp(B)=6.0, 95% CI 2.3 to 15.8), scapular downward rotation (Exp(B)=5.3, 95% CI 2.3 to 12.6) and a positive FRT (Exp(B)=4.0, 95% CI 1.5 to 10.6). Conclusion Almost 75% of neck pain patients with altered scapular alignment responded to scapular repositioning. The predominance of upper cervical dysfunction with a downwardly rotated scapular in this group suggests a role of poor axioscapular muscle function which might benefit from rehabilitation.


Hexapods are widely used for positioning objects in six dimensions of freedom with high precision down to submicron range. For applications in ultra high vacuum atmosphere a hexapod was developed using a driving principle with motors outside of the vacuum atmosphere. The new design further allows the integration of an active vibration damping in all axes.


Globally, the number of older subjects reached about 600 million, and this number is expected to be about 1.2 billion by 2025 and to reach 2 billion by 2050.1,2 Currently, about 70% of this number live in the third world countries.3 The current number of older subjects in Saudi Arabia is one million which equal about 4% of the whole population and this number is continually rising and their number is expected to be 2.5 million double by 2020 which equals about 7% of the whole population.4,5 Falls in older adults are a major public health problem; affecting 1 in 3 persons aged 65. These falls may lead to physical injuries and subsequent loss of independence, whereas sometimes which may lead to even death.6


In any welding process it is desirable to use modeling to reduce the time for processoptimisation and increase the amount of process innovation. Ideally the model wouldtake input process parameters and produce outputs in terms of joint performance. Thisrequires an integrated modelling approach incorporating coupled process, materialresponse and material performance models. This paper provides details of how this isbeing implemented for use in friction stir welding for application to aerospace structures.Currently the process model is a dynamic coupled fluid flow thermal model. Thematerial response models comprise microstructural and residual stress models. Thematerial performance models are targeted at mechanical properties, corrosion behaviourand fatigue performance. The paper highlights the state of development of each of thesub models and the degree of coupling together that has been achieved.


Over the past couple of years, a flurry of papers has altered the way we think about food allergy in young children. Instead of avoiding a potentially allergenic food, evidence is accumulating that deliberate exposure may be beneficial. Previously, Archivist has reported on two successful peanut allergy prevention trials, STOP II (April 2014; doi:10.1136/ archdischild-2014-306139) and LEAP (May 2015; doi:10.1136/archdischild-2015-308540), and the EAT trial involving multiple food allergens which produced equivocal outcomes (Sept 2016; doi:10.1136/archdischild-2016-311602). Now a randomised controlled trial from Japan adds to this evidence (PETIT trial. Natsume O, et al. Lancet 2016: doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31418-0). Infants with eczema, and hence at high risk of allergy, were recruited at age 4 to 5 months, before they had eaten any egg. About 150 were randomised to receive either hen's egg or placebo. Significantly the egg was in the form of heated egg powder, and in small, increasing doses: 50 mg a day from 6 to 9 months, and then 250 mg a day up to 12 months. The development of true egg allergy was assessed by open oral food challenges at 12 months. Their preliminary analysis, based on only 100 of the participants, showed a striking effect: 9% of the egg exposure group had developed allergy compared to 38% of the placebo controls (risk ratio 0.22 [95% CI 0.08–0.6; p=0.001]). Importantly, there did not appear to be an increased frequency of adverse events in the egg group, suggesting that early introduction is safe. They decided to terminate the trial early on the basis of these results. An editorial by Graham Roberts suggests that this trial was so much more definitive than previous studies because cooked rather than raw egg was used, and the 'dose' was much smaller (doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31661-0). He regrets the early termination of this trial, because effect size may have been over-estimated, and potential adverse effects may have been missed. Egg allergy is common, occurring in 3–4% of infants, and as evidence accumulates, it may soon come to be regarded as preventable. However it may be a difficult task to persuade parents to give their babies a food that they consider harmful, even in tiny quantities.


When the amount of free fatty acids (FFA's) in oils used for transesterification in biodiesel production is high, they react with the base catalysts (KOH or NaOH) used in the reaction forming soap. To avoid this soap formation, FFA level of the oils needs to be reduced by esterification of FFA with a short chain alcohol with the presence of an acid catalyst. Homogeneous acid catalysts are efficient in operation but cannot be reused. Therefore, heterogeneous acid catalysts are a better option, and a novel heterogeneous acid catalyst was synthesized from a low cost waste material; used tea powder for the pre-treatment of free FFA. It was prepared by direct sulfonation of tea waste powder followed by carbonization in the presence of nitrogen gas. The modified tea waste acid catalyst was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis (EDAX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). High porosity and acidity (5.2 mmol/g) were observed in the developed catalyst, which showed repeated usability with more than 80% FFA conversion even after 4 cycles at catalyst loading of 5 wt.%.


j~TOTIII~TG illustrates more forcibly the complexity of the sewage N problem than the history of the last six years. At tlle Congress of The Sanitary Institute held in Leeds in 1887, a group of papers was read, each of which Iiad a direct bearing upon the sewage purification question. In the discussion which followed, one of the speakers, with a pardonable touch of sarcasm, remarked tllt they were fortunate in getting that morning from the authors of these papers no fewer than three complete solutions of the sewage problem. Six years of added experience have not sufficed to convince the author that the principles which he then ventured to enunciate were erroneous or contrary to the teachings of science, nor does it appear to him tllat they


Objective: To investigate the efficacy and tolerance of 12‐hourly dosing with 2 mg 4 mL–1 of inhaled budesonide versus placebo in patients admitted to hospital with moderate/severe croup.


ABSTRACT The literature on social forum activists' gatherings takes for granted the fact that participants are engaged in global struggles. By comparing ten local social forums (LSFs) in France and Quebec, we show that whether one becomes a 'global activist' is an empirical question. More specifically, the article argues that the way LSFs are practised either facilitates or limits the process of becoming a global activist. More specifically, it shows that (1) the topography of events is important to ensure moments of non-planned meeting among participants and the possibilities of building a shared sense of belonging and (2) the formats of events vary in their explicit will to encourage talking (global) politics.


By taking tubesheet workpiece as example and studying on the elements of process dimension chain for machining holes series with NC machine by coordinate method,It conclude that construction of technological dimension chain is independent with moving path,machining sequence of the workpiece being machined. Analyzing the single hole location degree limiting error,center distance limiting error between two holes and influencing factors,analyzing the conclusion:the single hole location degree limiting error,center distance limiting error between two holes are relate to the produced hole location in machine tool coordinate,are not relate to moving path and machining sequence of the workpiece. It is of general significance for evaluating reasonably the quality of the produced part.


Distinguished Oral Background: Shared Healthcare Intervention to Eliminate Life-threatening Dissemination of MDROs in Orange County, California (SHIELD OC) was a CDC-funded regional decolonization intervention from April 2017 through July 2019 involving 38 hospitals, nursing homes (NHs), and long-term acute-care hospitals (LTACHs) to reduce MDROs. Decolonization in NH and LTACHs consisted of universal antiseptic bathing with chlorhexidine (CHG) for routine bathing and showering plus nasal iodophor decolonization (Monday through Friday, twice daily every other week). Hospitals used universal CHG in ICUs and provided daily CHG and nasal iodophor to patients in contact precautions. We sought to evaluate whether decolonization reduced hospitalization and associated healthcare costs due to infections among residents of NHs participating in SHIELD compared to nonparticipating NHs. Methods: Medicaid insurer data covering NH residents in Orange County were used to calculate hospitalization rates due to a primary diagnosis of infection (counts per member quarter), hospital bed days/member-quarter, and expenditures/member quarter from the fourth quarter of 2015 to the second quarter of 2019. We used a time-series design and a segmented regression analysis to evaluate changes attributable to the SHIELD OC intervention among participating and nonparticipating NHs. Results: Across the SHIELD OC intervention period, intervention NHs experienced a 44% decrease in hospitalization rates, a 43% decrease in hospital bed days, and a 53% decrease in Medicaid expenditures when comparing the last quarter of the intervention to the baseline period (Fig. 1). These data translated to a significant downward slope, with a reduction of 4% per quarter in hospital admissions due to infection (P < .001), a reduction of 7% per quarter in hospitalization days due to infection (P < .001), and a reduction of 9% per quarter in Medicaid expenditures (P = .019) per NH resident. Conclusions: The universal CHG bathing and nasal decolonization intervention adopted by NHs in the SHIELD OC collaborative resulted in large, meaningful reductions in hospitalization events, hospitalization days, and healthcare expenditures among Medicaid-insured NH residents. The findings led CalOptima, the Medicaid provider in Orange County, California, to launch an NH incentive program that provides dedicated training and covers the cost of CHG and nasal iodophor for OC NHs that enroll. Funding: None Disclosures: Gabrielle M. Gussin, University of California, Irvine, Stryker (Sage Products): Conducting studies in which contributed antiseptic product is provided to participating hospitals and nursing homes. Clorox: Conducting studies in which contributed antiseptic product is provided to participating hospitals and nursing homes. Medline: Conducting studies in which contributed antiseptic product is provided to participating hospitals and nursing homes. Xttrium: Conducting studies in which contributed antiseptic product is provided to participating hospitals and nursing homes.


There are strong relationships between overactive bladder (OAB) and psychological factors. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between OAB and attachment.


The photoprotective role of a family of compounds found in very different organisms is assessed by means of CASPT2//CASSCF computations. The potential use of these compounds in commercial applications in order to effectively dissipate light energy is explored.


The invention mainly relates to the field of paint coating, in particular to a coating composition with a ceramic imitation effect. The coating comprises primer coating, middle coating and top coating. The top coating mainly comprises a main agent and a curing agent, wherein the main agent mainly comprises the following components: 5-10 parts of butyl acetate, 4-10 parts of xylene, 80-85 parts of acrylic polyol resin, 4-8 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 0.5-2 parts of an organosilicon leveling agent, and 0.1-0.5 parts of an organosilicon antifoaming agent; and the curing agent mainly comprises the following components: 15-30 parts of butyl acetate, 15-30 parts of xylene, and 40-65 parts of an isocyanate curing agent. The coating composition provided by the invention can be used on prefabricates of plastic, glass or other materials, so that the prefabricates have a high ceramic imitation effect, and the ceramic imitating products not only have various advantages of ceramic products, but also reduces mining and use of organic soil and saves consumption of natural resources. In addition, the coating composition can be dissolved in soil, so as to reduce the pollution and destroy to the environment and reduce the harm to human bodies.


The purpose of this paper is to present two formulas which can be used with the maximum likelihood method to estimate the Weibull shape parameter from uncensored data. The first formula unbiases the shape parameters for sample sizes of 3 and up. If this formula is added to the standard ML method, the bias is reduced to typically >


Two-dimensional (2D) nano-materials, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and graphene, have atomic or molecular thickness, exhibiting promising applications in nano-electro-mechanical systems. Graphene is a one-atom thick carbon sheet, with atoms arranged in a regular hexagonal pattern. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) belongs to transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) semiconductor family YX2 (Y=Mo, W; X=S, Se, Te), with a layered structure. These 2D nano-materials can be integrated into nano-electromechanical systems, enabling ultra-sensitive mechanical mass sensors, with single molecule or even single atom sensitivities. Moreover, the mechanical resonators based on these 2D nano-materials would be a perfect platform to investigate quantum mechanics, opto-mechanics, material internal friction force, nonlinear physics, etc.


I the renovation years, the Party and State have paid attention to the lives of ethnic minorities. Many policies have been promulgated and implemented effectively, contributing to the progressive transformation in all areas of social life in ethnic minority and mountainous areas. However, besides the immense and undeniable results achieved, the process of implementation of ethnic policies also revealed a number of weaknesses, limitations, raised issues that need to continue to solve. It is necessary to evaluate objectively and comprehensively on this issue, which will serve as a basis for enhancing the effectiveness of the implementation of ethnic policies in the coming time.


The developed technique of economic evaluation of means of production in connection with their deterioration and matching representation of magnitude of deterioration by financial torrents is offered. Accounts by an offered technique ensure an estimation, adequate to an installation effective cost that is necessary at retrace of the engineering taken in leasing, at revaluations of property and in other cases of economic activities


Following the Exxon Valdez oil spill of March 24, 1989, in Prince William Sound, Alaska, Exxon conducted comprehensive, systematic shoreline surveys in cooperation with federal and state authorities to obtain information on the distribution and magnitude of shoreline oiling and to identify natural and cultural resources requiring special protection. Similar joint surveys were performed during the springs of 1990, 1991, and 1992 on all Prince william Sound and Gulf of Alaska shorelines that were suspected of having remnants of weathered oil and that would benefit from further cleanup. In the springs of 1990, 1991, and 1992, isolated pockets of subsurface oil were found, chiefly in small scattered zones in coarse cobble/boulder sediments in the upper intertidal or supratidal zones. In 1991, about one-third of the subdivisions in Prince William Sound with surface oil also contained some subsurface oil. The areal extent of this subsurface oil declined by nearly 70% between 1991 and 1992, from about 37,000 m{sup 2} to about 12,000 m{sup 2}. Moreover, where subsurface oil remained in 1992, it was present in lesser amounts. Rates of oil removal were greatest on coastal sections treated early in the spring and summer of 1989. Where shoreline treatment was delayed, themore » subsequent rate of removal of oil from the shore by natural processes was slower. 27 refs., 10 figs., 3 tabs.« less


plary clarity. By definition, intertextual analysis aims to reduce or even eliminate the uniqueness of any single work, and an element of the ironic therefore clings to claims about the individual, unusual qualities of the compositions that the intertextual analyst chooses to connect. Does Klein exaggerate in asserting of Brahms's intermezzo that it 'startles us with uncanniness, opening a world where we are alien' (p. 99)? Is it simplistic to conclude that, 'because strangeness in Brahms's intermezzo points to Wagner's Tristan, and because Tristan is about desire, so too is the intermezzo', on grounds that 'the desire signalled by the "Tristan" chord finds its double in the intermezzo and spreads through all of the apparent chords in Brahms's short text' (p. 105)? Is it more than playing with words to suggest that 'the intermezzo fights the deathless love and loving death that promise redemptive annihilation in Wagner's text' (p. 106)? In any case, the strangeness held to be essential to the music seems to be shared here by Klein's own text. Similarly, the fervent sermonizing with which he ends the book's last chapter appears to borrow its rhetoric from the comment of Lutoslawski's used as an epigraph, to justify interpretation of the Fourth Symphony in relation to 'the logic of suffering'. The composer's declaration that 'artistic creation may be thus viewed as a hunt for human souls resulting in a cure for the most acute of human sufferings, a sense of loneliness' (p.108) certainly seems at odds with the statement of his with which this review began, asserting the absence of 'content' from musical composition, and Klein seizes the opportunity to read the Fourth Symphony in terms of a 'peripeteia', a 'moment of suffering', from which 'one looks both backward and forward to find the expressive logic that emplots the peripeteia, joining it to the other musical events in a chain of causation that makes time human' (p. 120). From this starting point, Klein accumulates evidence to show how it is possible to feel that Lutoslawski's Fourth Symphony 'makes its narrative of suffering out of other narratives, gathering references to outcry in Musique funèbre, the Piano Concerto and Chain 1, branching out to music of Prokofiev, Mahler, Beethoven, and others unnamed. The symphony plays upon the idea of apotheosis in nineteenthcentury music, retelling the tale of Chopin's Fourth Ballade and retelling itself along its narrative path' (p. 134). This summary gives a good idea of the incremental impulses behind Klein's critical method, and even if one remains less convinced than the author about the role of the tragic, the pessimistic, and the defiant in the music (whatever the composer's moods while he was composing it) that is because such a narrative inevitably seems to find it more difficult to sustain appropriate levels of ambiguity (while remaining readable as prose) than the wordless, conceptless music does. On his way to Lutoslawski in the final chapter Klein is on firmer ground when he argues that 'if we wish to find in music a narrative impulse, we must look past the immediacy of the music as action, and attend to disruption, the clash of topics, and the mixing of genres in an intertextuality' (p. 117). This gives a good indication of what the scope of narratological analysis, embracing meaning as multiple and intertextual, should be. Yet, ten years after Robert Samuels's Mahler's Sixth Symphony: A Study in Musical Semiotics (Cambridge, 1995), there have been few if any other book-length enterprises of that kind. If this is because of commercial imperatives, it simply points up the problem in a situation where scholarship has evolved to the stage where the kind of projects most vital to the discipline's continued prosperity are precisely those that publishers find unviable. Even if Lutoslawski's Fourth Symphony is not itself the most obvious candidate for such extended treatment, I would be confident that a book in which Michael Klein was able to move on from the relatively general to the unambiguously particular would be even more definitely worth reading that the present one. Only if the question of how compositions embody meaning is addressed in sufficient structural and semiological detail can the scepticism which Lutoslawski brought to the topic, and which continues to be widely shared, be put in proper perspective. ARNOLD WHITTALL doi:10.1093/ml/gci172


This study aims to identify types of compounds in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and Jordanian Arabic (JA) by applying the cross‐linguistic criteria for compoundhood discussed in the relevant literature, with a special focus on English and Hebrew. These criteria – orthographic, phonological, syntactic and semantic in nature – have been proposed to make a distinction between compounds and phrases cross‐linguistically. The analysis reveals that the most reliable cross‐linguistic criteria to distinguish between compounds and phrases in MSA and JA are adjacency and referentiality. With regard to the former criterion, no intervening elements can be inserted between the head and the non‐head of compounds, whilst such insertion is allowed in phrases. With regard to the latter criterion, the non‐head of a compound is normally non‐referential, whereas the non‐head of a phrase is always referential. Other criteria have been found to be partially applicable, e.g. compositionality, possibilities for modification and coordination, and free pluralisation of the non‐head. In this study, I also suggest two reliable criteria that are exclusive to Arabic, or potentially Semitic languages in general. The first criterion is the appearance/absence of the possessive marker li‐/la 'for/of' when the first element is definite. The second criterion deals with the appearance/absence of the possessive marker li‐/la 'for/of' when the first element is preceded by a cardinal number. The study concludes with recommendations for further research.


The United States' Department of Energy has initiated the Used Fuel Disposition campaign to evaluate various generic geological repositories for the permanent disposal of used nuclear fuel and wastes. The development and evaluation of engineered barrier system (EBS) design concepts and their potential interactions with the natural barrier or with other EBS interfaces are inherently important to the long-term (i.e., tens of thousands of years) safety and performance assessment of the safety case. In some designs, copper cladding can be added on to the steel canister. Japan and Sweden currently incorporate this canister design.


Deleanu, Frei and Hilton have developed the notion of generalized Adams completion in a categorical context [4]. They have also shown that if the set of morphisms is saturated then the Adams completion of an object is characterized by a certain couniversai property. We want to prove a stronger version of this result by dropping the saturation assumption on the set of morphisms; we also prove that the canonical map from an object to its Adams completion is an element of the set of morphisms under very moderate assumptions. These two results are fairly general in nature and are applicable to most cases of interest. Further using these two results and introducing "modulo a Serre class C of abelian groups" [9] we have obtained the mod-C Postnikov approximation of a 1-connected based CW-complex, with the help of a suitable set of morphisms.


We improve and generalize a resummation method of post-Newtonian multipolar waveforms from circular (nonspinning) compact binaries introduced in Refs. 1,2. One of the characteristic features of this resummation method is to replace the usual additive decomposition of the standard post-Newtonian approach by a multiplicative decomposition of the complex multipolar waveform h{sub lm} into several (physically motivated) factors: (i) the Newtonian waveform, (ii) a relativistic correction coming from an 'effective source', (iii) leading-order tail effects linked to propagation on a Schwarzschild background, (iv) a residual tail dephasing, and (v) residual relativistic amplitude corrections f{sub lm}. We explore here a new route for resumming f{sub lm} based on replacing it by its l-th root: {rho}{sub lm}=f{sub lm}{sup 1/l}. In the extreme-mass-ratio case, this resummation procedure results in a much better agreement between analytical and numerical waveforms than when using standard post-Newtonian approximants. We then show that our best approximants behave in a robust and continuous manner as we deform them by increasing the symmetric mass ratio {nu}{identical_to}m{sub 1}m{sub 2}/(m{sub 1}+m{sub 2}){sup 2} from 0 (extreme-mass-ratio case) to 1/4 (equal-mass case). The present paper also completes our knowledge of the first post-Newtonian corrections to multipole moments by computing ready-to-use explicit expressions for themore » first post-Newtonian contributions to the odd-parity (current) multipoles.« less


The present invention provides an oil composition comprising blending a base oil viscosity, peroxide decomposing agents, friction modifiers, antiwear agents, metal deactivators, dispersants and free radical terminator; the radical terminating agent is selected from 2,6-di-butylphenol, butylated hydroxytoluene, 4,4-methylenebis (4-methyl-tert-butylphenol), dialkyl diphenylamine phenyl -α- naphthylamine, 2,6-di-tert-dimethylamino-p-cresol -α- of one or more; the total mass of the radical terminator motor oil composition 0.04 5.9%. Oil composition of the present invention in the premise of maintaining anti-wear and extreme pressure lubricity preferably lower, with excellent insulating properties.


In 2002, the SAAP Coordination and Development Committee (CAD) commissioned a SAAP data analysis project on older SAAP clients. CAD wanted to know how many older people were accessing SAAP services and what their circumstances were. As older people are not one of the specific client groups targeted by SAAP, CAD wanted to know if their needs were being met.


The aim of this study was to investigate the bone-like apatite forming
 ability of bioglass coated bones by immersing them in simulated body fluid
 (SBF). Various types of bioactive coatings with an average thickness of 15
 ?m were deposited on the surface of the cortical bovine bone by vacuum
 assisted infiltration.More intense apatite crystallization was observed
 using additives such as hydroxyapatite, sintered bone and ?-whitlockite in
 the base glass. The dissolution properties of the scaffolds were determined
 by ICP-OES and XRF methods. The consequence of the release of Ca and P
 during immersion in SBF on the mechanical properties was observed through
 measurements of microhardness, bending and compressive strength.


One‐dimensional infiltration experiments were conducted using hydrophilic and water‐repellent soils from the Guishui River Basin to study the effects of soil water repellency on cumulative infiltration (CI) and the infiltration rate (IR). The test results show that, for the hydrophilic soil (HS) sample, CI increases monotonously with time and IR decreases monotonously. For the water‐repellent soil (W‐RS), however, the following characteristics were observed: (a) There is an inflection point in CI and a sudden increase in IR. Larger values of the initial soil water content produce an earlier and more significant inflection point in CI, and a larger peak value of IR. (b) The post‐peak stable IR is greater than the pre‐peak value, ignoring the beginning of rapid infiltration, and the overall IR presents a single peak. The applicability of various water infiltration models was analysed for the two soil types. Numerical analysis suggests the following conclusions: (a) For both HS and W‐RS, the Kostiakov function, Gamma function, and Beta function (BF) models exhibit good applicability. (b) For W‐RS, the Gauss function model not only reflects the monotonous decrease in IR, but also produces a steady IR in the initial stage, a gradual increase before the peak value, and a gradual decrease after the peak value. Similarly, the BF model reflects the monotonous decrease in IR. A piecewise BF reproduces the U‐shaped change in rapid infiltration before the inflection point, as well as the gradual increase and right‐skewed distribution curve of W‐RS infiltration before and after the inflection point. The BF model achieves the best simulation accuracy and has the widest applicability.


EU Member States have in recent years designed national schemes to support the development of renewable energy. For example, in systems of feed-in-tariffs the states guarantee for a given period of time plants generating electricity from renewable resources the market price plus a premium. These feed-in-tariffs have normally only been awarded to electricity generated in-state. The preference given to in-state industry has been challenged in court as contradicting the principle non-discrimination on the European internal market. The decision by national legislatures to limit the availability of feed-in-tariffs to electricity generated in-state, however, has—to the surprise of many—been found justifiable by the European Court of Justice. This Article illustrates how the objective to ensure system stability has emerged as the strongest ground of justification in the context of cross-border electricity trade and how similar arguments have actually been used previously in the context of the health care service sector. While the reasoning of the court is defendable, the court could have developed an even more nuanced and informative position if it had taken notice of additional aspects that have popped up in the U.S. debate on similar questions.


FIELD: pharmacology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine and can be used for the application of the hydrochloride salt of 4-methyl-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]-N-[5-(4-methyl-1H-imidazole-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide in the form of monohydrate (nilotinib) for the manufacture of a drug for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Thus, the hydrochloride salt of 4-methyl-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]-N-[5-(4-methyl-1H-imidazole-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzamide in the form of monohydrate and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are dispersed in apple sauce. EFFECT: flexibility of dosing, reduction of difficulty in swallowing, bioequivalence of therapeutic results in the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. 1 tbl, 2 ex


In a computing system, information about a plurality of events are acquired to use the computing device, at least some of the increase in the time dependence of the activity for each is identified among those events. Interest by the user to the observed events is correlated with increased activities for the identified event. For review by the user, information about the activity at the time relating to the event it is provided. Events, TV shows, movies, are selected shopping transactions, and from the group consisting of musical song.


A hybrid filter which combines linear and nonlinear filters is proposed. It performs better than average filter and median filter on suppressing noise while retaining edge gradients of image, because of its reduced computation complexity.


FEMALE NURSES suffer less stress than male counterparts because of the protective properties of oestrogen, a research study has found.


"Health-Care Travel"is a newly-developed travel item stretched across the two big industries,namely health care and travel service.The high growth and great development potential of the health-care travel,as well as the flourishing internet technology and the approval and support of the multi-benefit and cooperation from the two big industries make it possible for the cooperative development model of the cross-industry between "health-care institutes" and "Travel Groups".Therefore,to build and perfect the professional groups with competitive force,introduce the international certification system,utilize the information platform of the internet,and perfect the management system of the industry are some effective means to construct this newly cooperative development model of cross-industry.


The paper adopts auditor size as a proxy variable of characteristics of auditor,classifies abnormal audit fees into abnormal increase and descent,and differentiates audit opinions into improvement and deterioration respectively.After that,we pay attention to the moderating effect of auditor size on the relationship between abnormal audit fees and audit opinion shopping in order to discuss the impacts of characteristics of auditor(substituted by auditor size) and actual abnormal audit fees on management behaviors of audit opinion shopping.


Although mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in cardiac remodeling in several experimental models, their role is controversial in obesity. This study analyzed MAPKs expression and cardiovascular parameters in rats with diet‐induced obesity treated with angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor blocker.


LAWALY is a LISP program which solves robot planning problems. Given an axiomatic description of its capabilities in some world, she generates her own procedures to embody these capabilities. She executes these procedures to solve specific tasks in the world. Hierarchies of subtasks guide the search for a solution. In sufficiently large worlds, LAWALY has routinely solved tasks requiring several hundred steps without needing to learn from previous tasks. The times to solution grow usually about linearly with the number of steps in the solution.

LAWALY is extensively compared to another robot planner based on a theorem prover.


In recent years, the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has attracted growing attention from experts and scholars. Edge-based traffic sign image segmentation is a key technology in the field of traffic sign recognition. Therefore, traffic sign edge detection technology is of vital importance. Edge detection is an image processing technology, which can quickly and accurately extract image edge information. Thus, improving the accuracy of edge detection has become a significant research direction. Furthermore, due to the influence of the complexity of external factors on actual images, the conventional edge detection algorithms present insufficient adaptability, so the improved performance of the operators needs to be further investigated. This paper mainly studies several traditional edge detection techniques and applies them to traffic sign maps using MATLAB. After comparing the results, we proposed an improved Canny algorithm and analyzes its applicability in traffic sign edge detection under different external interference factors.


The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze The influence of Total Quality Management on the managerial performance of the Muhammadiyah North Sumatra General Hospital with a reward system as a moderating variable, a case study at the North Sumatra Muhammadiyah General Hospital. Data was distributed and collected by convenience sampling technique to the respondents. The sample used in this study is Management and Employees with a total of 40 respondents. The analytical method used is simple regression analysis. From the simple regression results, it produces a hypothesis that shows its effect on managerial performance, namely Total Quality Management (TQM) has a significant effect on managerial performance. Meanwhile, from the results of the moderation regression analysis, the reward system variable does not moderate the Total Quality Management (TQM) relationship to managerial performance.


Oxygen carrier particles consisting of 60 wt % copper, iron, or manganese oxide supported on 40 wt % ceria (CeO2) or gadolinia doped-ceria (Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.9) have been manufactured and examined as oxygen carrier materials for chemical-looping combustion (CLC). Unlike conventional support materials, such as alumina (Al2O3), these ceria-based support materials are active under prevailing conditions in the fuel reactor and have the ability to participate in redox reactions. The oxygen carrier materials were synthesized via extrusion and were examined by successive oxidation and reduction cycles in a bench-scale fluidized bed reactor made of quartz. The experiments were conducted at 900 and 925 °C for copper-based materials, and at 950 °C for iron- and manganese-based materials. Methane or syngas (50% CO and 50% H2) using a flow rate of 900 mL/min for Cu-based materials and 450 mL/min for Mn- and Fe-based materials was used as the fuel. For all experiments, 15 g of oxygen carrier was used. The oxidation was per...


In this paper we give an overview of features and use cases that Intelligent Adaptive Assistance Systems (IAAS) in the literature commonly provide. For this, a literature research has been executed where 29 papers were selected for inspection. In the course of this inspection, most common features are noted, compared and assessed against the definitions we gave for an IAAS. It showed that the development of IAAS can benefit from an intensified research in cooperation with machine learning experts to further develop the intelligence and adaptivity


Edge designs are screening experimental designs that allow a modelindependent estimate of the set of relevant variables, thus providing more robustness than traditional designs. In this paper, new classes of D-optimal edge designs are constructed. This construction uses weighing matrices of order n and weight k together with permutation matrices of order n to obtain D-optimal edge designs. Linear and quadratic simulated screening scenarios are studied and compared using linear regression and edge designs analysis. An alternative method for constructing and analyzing expanded edge designs is introduced. This method provides a model-independent estimate of the set of active factors and also gives a linearity test for the underlying model.


Time series are hard to analyse because of their intrinsic variability which arises from the stochastic nature of the underlying process. Analysis is harder still if the underlying process is non-stationary. Further extrinsic variation may be imposed by the variability of the sampling process, e.g. by sampling at different or non-uniform time intervals. We explore the efficacy of some common distance/similarity measures - Euclidean (EUC), Neighbourhood Counting Metric (NCM), Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) and All Common Subsequences (ACS) - in a nearest neighbour classifier for classifying time series data with and without extrinsic variability. An artificial dataset containing trajectories of a 2-dimensional dynamical system and a real dataset, the Australian Sign Language Dataset (AUSLAN), are explored.


For a couple of decades, the idea of normative control has been challenged for not paying due respect to employee self-determination, self-actualization, autonomy, integrity and freedom to make mor ...


Abstract We describe a patient who within 2 months of undergoing radio-chemotherapy for glioblastoma developed an Epstein–Barr virus-positive primary diffuse large B-cell CNS lymphoma. To our knowledge, this is the first such case reported in the literature showing that new tumefactions following aggressive treatment for glioblastomata might represent secondary malignancies.


There are more and more photographic images uploaded to social media platforms such as Instagram, Flickr, or Facebook on a daily basis. At the same time, attention and consumption for such images is high, with image views and liking as one of the success factors for users and driving forces for social media algorithms. Here, "liking" can be assumed to be driven by image appeal and further factors such as who is posting the images and what they may show and reveal about the posting person. It is therefore of high research interest to evaluate the appeal of such images in the context of social media platforms. Such an appeal evaluation may help to improve image quality or could be used as an additional filter criterion to select good images. To analyze image appeal, various datasets have been established over the past years. However, not all datasets contain high-resolution images, are up to date, or include additional data, such as meta-data or social-media-type data such as likes and views. We created our own dataset "AVT-ImageAppeal-Dataset", which includes images from different photo-sharing platforms. The dataset also includes a subset of other state-of-the-art datasets and is extended by social-media-type data, meta-data, and additional images. In this paper, we describe the dataset and a series of laboratory- and crowd-tests we conducted to evaluate image appeal. These tests indicate that there is only a small influence when likes and views are included in the presentation of the images in comparison to when these are not shown, and also the appeal ratings are only a little correlated to likes and views. Furthermore, it is shown that lab and crowd tests are highly similar considering the collected appeal ratings. In addition to the dataset, we also describe various machine learning models for the prediction of image appeal, using only the photo itself as input. The models have a similar or slightly better performance than state-of-the-art models. The evaluation indicates that there is still an improvement in image appeal prediction and furthermore, other aspects, such as the presentation context could be evaluated.


An efficient method for incorporating incomplete prior information in regression analysis was developed by Theil [1963]. In this paper we take up the estimator of coefficients given by this procedure and study its robustness to departures from normality of prior estimators of coefficients. The use of incomplete or biased prior information in regression analysis is also considered and a new estimator for the regression coefficient is suggested.


Sequence variation in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) ribosomal DNA subunit was examined for sorghum midge obtained from introduced and native hosts in south-eastern and central Queensland. No variation was observed relative to host plant or geographical distance for midges collected from two introduced hosts, grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Johnson grass (S. halepense); however, sequence differences were observed between midges from introduced and native hosts and among midges from a single native host, slender bluegrass (Dichanthium affine). No evidence was observed of introduced midges on native hosts, or vice versa. These results agree with previously hypothesised host distributions for native and introduced midges in Australia, and expand the sample of introduced hosts to include Johnson grass. They suggest that Stenodiplosis sorghicola, the principal midge infesting grain sorghum, is also the most common species on Johnson grass. This confirms that Johnson grass plays a role in the population dynamics of S. sorghicola and suggests that midges originating from Johnson grass may influence levels of infestation in grain sorghum.


An attempt has been made to elucidate the nature of the reaction between alkaline hypochlorite and granular wheat starch. With this end in view various analytical determinations were carried out on starch samples oxidized under well-determined conditions. The reaction was found to be nonspecific, its main results being the formation of functional groups and the scission of glucosidic bounds. The functional groups formed were mainly carboxyls, some carbonyl formation taking place at lower pH values. The consumption of about 0.05 atom of oxygen/AGU resulted in an extensive degradation of both starch components. There are indications to the effect that degradation is random in type. On that assumption, 0.5 to 1 glucosidic bonds in 100 were scinded, each scission being accompanied by the formation of about two carboxyl groups and by an overall consumption of 4–5 oxygen atoms. The reaction apparently took place in the amorphous part of the granule. The amylose-amylopectin ratio, as well as the granule size remained unchanged. More than one-quarter of the total oxygen consumed reacted with the dissolved portion of the starch as the result of the oxidation.


This work consists on new tuning of Model Predictive Controllers using Fuzzy Logic method. Tree relevant parameters are automatically adjusted the prediction horizon Np, the input weight R and the output weight Q. The proposed controller is implemented in an Artificial Pancreas and tested under realistic conditions in a commercial platform of simulation. The result of the simulations revealed the success of such a method to improve the controller's performances compared to the previous ones.


This article opens by wondering, as many critics did during and after World War II, why a tradition named for its protesting impetus is today often marked by complacency and quietism. In conversation with political theorist William Connolly and Rev. Dr. William Barber's activism, this article suggests that Luther's unique articulation of the communicatio idiomatum might offer a compelling and coherent model for Lutheran ethical-political agency that can provide an alternative to—rather than reinforcing—the modern isolated subject cum homo economicus often associated with idealized images of Luther's protest before the Diet of Worms.


Context awareness is emphasized in order to provide automatic services in smart home. This paper uses case based reasoning as the reasoning method which solves the problem "in the first phase, we don't know exactly about the key processes and their interdependencies in smart home's context". The context's contents in smart home are described in this paper. Also, case representation, case storage and similarity calculation are discussed in smart home's context awareness. We propose a framework of context aware based on CBR, and discuss the case adaptation in detail.


The immune system is a major determinant of the pathophysiological inflammation, which may lead to gastrointestinal mucosal injury in patients with Crohn's disease. Cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor‐alpha are well‐known mediators of the immune system, and treatment with a chimeric anti‐tumour necrosis factor‐alpha antibody (infliximab) has been shown to be highly effective in patients with Crohn's disease. Recent evidence indicates that infliximab induces apoptosis in lamina propria T lymphocytes in these patients. To better understand the mechanisms of infliximab's effect on gastrointestinal inflammation, we investigated changes in the serum level of cytokines after treatment in these patients, and the effect of infliximab in inducing the apoptosis of T lymphocytes.


As techno-science advances and it improves, tourism grows. This article pursues to analyze the importance and interrelation of the technological-scientific advancement of transportation and its contribution to tourism. The theoretical support was based on investigators such as Hunziker and Krapf (1942), Leiper (1979), Nunez (2007), World Tourism Organization (OMT, 2011). Methodologically, the investigation was documentary, since the means of transportation have cooperated notably with the growth and development of the tourism sector, because man has searched for moving from one place to another and he has had the advances of science and technology. As a conclusion, as the means of transportation have been improved or perfected the tourist demand has grown vertiginously. In the world of trips, cultural, social, economic and political exchanges take place because means of transportation exist.


(75) Inventors: Parveen Kumar, Haryana (IN); U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Srinivasan Raman, Haryana (IN); 4,231,938 A 11/1980 Monaghan et al. ...... 260,343.5 Pardeep Narula, Delhi (IN) 4,319,039 A 3/1982 Albers-Schonberg ....... 560.256 4,432,996 A 2/1984 Gullo et al. ................ 424,311 (73) Assignee: Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, New 5,403,728 A ck 4, 1995 Jekkel et al. ... ... 435/125 Delhi (IN) 5,712,130 A 1/1998 Hajko et al. ...... ... 435/123 5,763,646 A 6/1998 Kumar et al. ..... ... 560,252 ck (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 6.825,015 B1 * 1 1/2004 Pfaum et al. ............... 435/125 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS U.S.C. 154(b) by 92 days. DE 30 O6 216 11, 1980


We addressed the roles of geohistorical and ecological factors on beta diversity patterns of woody plants in the Japanese archipelago. We scrutinized the contribution of recent diversification in shaping the woody plant diversity of insular areas in East Asia.


Agriculture plays a significant role in the North Great Plain Region. Organic farming is a sustainable farming method controlled by regulations. Active environmental protection and conservation play significant roles in organic farming, along with food quality and safety, originality and the monitoring of products. Organic farming offers opportunities to create employment, social safety and high profitability. As a result of these characteristics, organic farming could become one of the most important means of developing our region in the future.


Since its inception in 2014 [1], the modern version of in-memory computing (IMC) has become an active area of research in integrated circuit design globally for realizing artificial intelligence and machine learning workloads. Since 2018, > 40 IMC-related papers have been published in top circuit design conferences demonstrating significant reductions (>20X) in energy over their digital counterparts especially at the bank-level. Today, bank-level IMC designs have matured but it is not clear what the limiting factors are. This lack of clarity is due to multiple reasons including: 1) the conceptual complexity of IMCs due to its full-stack (devices-to-systems) nature, 2) the presence of a fundamental energy-efficiency vs. compute SNR trade-off due to its analog computations, and 3) the statistical nature of machine learning workloads. The absence of a rigorous benchmarking methodology for IMCs - a problem facing machine learning ICs in general [2] - further obfuscates the underlying trade-offs. As a result, it has become difficult to evaluate the novelty of IMC-related ideas being proposed and therefore gauge the true progress in this exciting field.


and engineers. Apart from a few exceptions, such as meteorologists with the National Center for Atmospheric Research or plasma physicists engaged in studies with the National Magnetic Fusion Energy Computer Center, supercomputer time was dominated by investigators involved with classified military or modern nuclear weapons development contracts. This situation changed dramatically in 1984-85, when the NSF Supercomputer Program established that any high-quality science program which required heavy number-crunching should be allowed access to the best possible computational instrumentation.


The key to the realization of office automation systematic releasing platform(OASRP) is the achievement that includes the interaction between the stage platform interface and the backstage platform interface and the interaction between web server and database. In accordance with the poor mutuality and vividness resulting from the realization of stage platform interface which bases on HTML, the thesis probes into the possibility of he realization of OASRP on the basis of the technologies in Flash, ActionScript, PHP and database. In addition, it expounds its designing principle and the concrete interactive interflowing process between the stage platform Flash and the backstage platform Database.


A Schiff bases is a nitrogeneous analogue of an aldehydes or may be ketones whose (CO) carbonyl groups has been replace by an imines group or azomethine group. It is sometimes referred to as an imines or an azomethines group. -C=N- group-containing compounds with the imine prefix. These substances are also referred to as imines, however Hugo Schiff, who initially created these substances, is remembered by calling them Schiff bases . pharmaceutical activity of A Schiff bases Showed Antibacterial activites ,Bacterial that displaied many antimirobial resistance are closely linked to the rise in the mortalities rate of infectiouss  illnesses Antifungal activitie fungall infectionss are not often restricted to the surface tissuess; in fact, a considerable rise in systemic fungal infections that can be fatal has been noted.Antiviralogy activity Vaccinationn might result in the eradicationn of viral diseases including rubella, polio, and smallpox.


This article defines and explores a set of methodologies for image-making that can be labelled as queer, based on concepts from queer and feminist theorists such as Jack Halberstam, José Muñoz or Donna Haraway. In order to do so, it builds on the author's own artistic practice and lived experience and references the work of various artists within the fields of visual and performative arts. Amongst others, it discusses the conceptual frames of queer failure, drag as assemblage and utopian world-building and the ways in which they exist as artistic methodologies specifically within the field of image-making and illustration.


ABSTRACT Laminar shear flows in channels with porous media bed are reinvestigated in the present study. The problem is similar to multiple-layered Poiseuille flow; the upper layer is homogeneous fluid, while the lower layer is rigid porous media flow. The conventional Navier-Stokes equation simplified by the fully developed channel flow condition is used to deal with the upper layer flow. The governing equation of laminar porous media flow derived in Song [7] is simplified and applied to the porous media bed. The analytical solution obtained in this study not only provides more reasonable fluid velocity inside the porous media bed than the one Darcy's law gives, but is also capable of clearly describing the partial-slip boundary condition given in Beavers and Joseph [1]. We further find that when the thinickness of the porous media bed divided by the square root of specific permeability approaches infinity, the nondimensional parameter α in the partial-slip boundary condition is only a function of porosit...


This historically prospective study analysed hospital costs and long‐term outcome in 249 consecutive patients who required intensive care including intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) for 48 h or more. The mean age of the patients was 46.7 years and the mean duration on IPPV was 9.1 days. Mortality in hospital was 43%, increasing to 54.6% five years after admission. The mean cost per patient treated was 22823 US dollars (USD (1980 value)). The mean cost to yield one survivor was 40035 USD. The mean cost per survivor was 26 056 USD, whereas that of a non‐survivor was 18 500 USD. The cost‐benefit ratio, i.e. calculated cost per year of extended life until the age of 75 years, averaged 1420 USD (range 360–7980 USD). With the exception of patients suffering from cancerous diseases, the cost‐benefit ratio found in this study was favourable in comparison to other high‐cost medical care. This is further emphasized by the fact that for the years saved, the quality of life was mostly good.


Magnetic amplifiers commonly use 50% nickel-iron core materials with oriented crystals. These materials are commercially named Delta-max, Hypernic V, Orthonik, Orthonol, Permenorm, Permeron, etc. They are used successfully in many applications, but frequently when they are used under-excited in magnetic amplifiers (where the power supply voltage is insufficient to drive the core from negative to positive saturation), instability and slow response time occur.


A review of evidence to support a business case to improve the frequency of the rail service between Nottingham and Lincoln, on behalf of Nottingham-Lincoln Stakeholder Board


The ideology of individualism undermines the foundation of social work theory and practice. Hyper-individualism drives cultural systems and institutions, rendering the social work profession fundamentally incapable of promoting social change for social justice. A radical communitarian counternarrative provides a critical analysis of the disconnect between the needs of individuals and the capacity of communities to meet those needs. A real-world application of radical communitarian principles is demonstrated in cohousing, a contemporary movement in community building. The cohousing model shows how social work might reorient its vision for professional theory and practice.


We show that the application of an electric field $F$ along the growth axis of a semiconductor superlattice results in a strong localization of the eigenstates, a blue shift of the optical-absorption edge, and the presence of oscillations periodic in ${F}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. These unique electro-optical properties are derived here within the framework of a tight-binding description of the envelope functions and also from numerical solutions of the Schr\"odinger equation for a finite set of coupled quantum wells.