The educational area is a social sector where the COVID-19 pandemic impact involves making many exponential changes. In many countries, the transition from face-to-face education to on-line education implies a revolution in the hierarchy of job domains/jobs offer. Young people's career plans may be different under the impact of internal and external factors generated by this new context. Theoretical framework revealed that under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the career decision-making process becomes more difficult to assume by taking into consideration the job nature, the sense of belonging, and the balance between passions and risks involved. By referring to these aspects a question arises: Will the pandemic also create a crisis in the career-making decision process for young people? The research group consisted of 108 undergraduates' from 12 grades, attending high schools from cities under 10,000 inhabitants. Hypothesis: There is a tendency to focus on training areas dominated by the practical aspects than the theoretical one as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used a Romanian adapted version of the Myer-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Questionnaire used in counseling and carrier orientation services for identification of professional interests of the students. The obtained results show that it is important for high school students to receive quality services for carrier guidance and psycho-educational support to prevent over-introversion and over-critical attitude about others and themselves, self-isolation correlated with a high level of sensing and sensitiveness.


Objective:To study the pharmacokinetics of ferulic acid in rats in harmaceuticalproducts. Methods:The rats were administered using intragastric method.The concentrations of ferulic acid in plasma were determined by HPLC.Results:The absorption of ferulic acid is a first-order pocess.The Cmax of the seven harmaceuticalproducts and the two harmaceuticalproducts are 2.23,2.52μg· mL-1 and the tmax are 0.40h,0.80h. Conclution:The method was sensitive,accurate and precise,which was used to study the pharmacokinetics profile of ferulic acid in rat plasma after oral administration of medicin.


The present invention can overcome, and at the same time limits the mechanical alignment has to contribute to a camera arranged mechanically in the stereo camera module to be produced prior to mounting the stereo camera vehicle to develop a high-precision alignment method for a car stereo camera relates to a stereo camera calibration method and apparatus which allows, The stereo camera calibration method comprising: obtaining the left and right images on the chess board flat calibration plate having a plurality of positions via the left and right cameras; Extracting a feature point of the left and right images; While each step of the corrected left and right cameras using a monocular camera algorithm based on the extracted feature point, acquire and store the internal and external parameters and the distortion parameters of the right and left cameras; Phase that is based on the outside parameters of the right and left cameras calculates the relative movement and rotation between the left and right camera and the left and right alignment camera mechanically, based on the calculation result; The step of using the internal and external parameters and the distortion parameters of the right and left cameras, generates a radial and tangential strain is removed distortion-free image; And it may include the step of aligning the vertical position of the left and right images of the distortion-free image based on the relative movement and rotation between the right and left cameras.


This paper attempts to contribute to the growing literature focusing on middle-class parents, their educational strategies and their role in the construction of socio-educational advantages/inequalities especially in the contexts of Spanish educational discourses, to the de-naturalization of middle-class parental ideologies and the educational policies that are presented as ideologically neutral but are closely aligned to this middle-class ideological complex. The findings come from an action research project in a public (state-run) primary school in Spain, attempting to track and document the "natural history" of the various strategies of "school involvement" displayed by parents which range from collaboration with classroom, school and teacher-initiated activities, to surveillance of school policies and programming to open confrontation with the school administration and among parents. This case study uncovers a complex scenario in a relatively homogeneous (in socio-economic and ethnic terms) site where parental dynamics of school involvement are varied and shaped by a complex and heterogeneous set of interests and beliefs that seriously invite to reconsider "school-family continuity" in middle-class settings. Additionally, we would also like to use the case study to raise some ethical and methodological questions in relation to the complexities of holding multiple identities and roles in the field.


This study aims to explain the purpose of financial performance from an accounting perspective. In addition, this study aims to bring up and explain how the measurement of financial performance from an accounting perspective. Problems in this study can be formulated as follows : First, What is mean by financial performance : Accounting perspective? Second, How to measure profit from Accounting perspective? The basic theory used in this study is the theory of Management Accounting with a primary focus on financial performance and profit concept. The hypothesis of this research are, First company's financial performance is profit, second profit measured by profit period, comprehensive profit, profit according to financial capital and profit according to physical capital. Analyzer used to support this research hypothesis is earnings report by Current Operating Concept (Earnings) / Profit period and All Inclusive Concept of Income (Comprehensive Income) The results support the first research hypothesis that what is mean by the company's financial performance from an accounting perspective is profit. Similarly, the results of this study support the second hypothesis that financial performance from an accounting perspective is measured using period profit, comprehensive profits, earnings by capital financial and physical capital. The concept of profit period is intended to measure the efficiency of a firm by comparing the current period's profit with the previous year's earnings. Comprehensive profits and period earnings are complementary. Comprehensive profits bring up the profitability, effectivity, and activity.


Lower second premolars, closely followed by upper premolars, are regarded as the third most common teeth prone to impaction, after wisdom teeth and upper canines. Objective of this article is to show the possibility for spontaneous eruption of impacted premolars upon extraction of deciduous molars and removal of the follicular cyst as described in several clinical cases. The present paper reports four clinical cases supporting the thesis that regardless of the reason behind impacted premolars, undertaking preventive measures significantly improves the position of the germ of those teeth. Conclusions: The early extraction of the deciduous molar, monitoring the patient and reserving the space for the succeeding impacted premolar can lead to non-invasive or relatively short orthodontic treatment (secondary prevention).If root development is incomplete yet there is a good growth potential which could lead to spontaneous eruption (primary prevention). Age specifics particular to children such as the great regenerative abilities of the bone, provide a good prognosis for spontaneous eruption or significant improvement in the position of impacted premolars and facilitate the orthodontic treatment.


The tread parameters of a certain type of multiple units in operation are tracked and measured. The tread wear patterns are analyzed from the statistics aspect. And the effect of tread wear upon the wheel-rail contact geometry and the equivalent conicity is calculated. The ride comfort indexes before and after wheel turning are compared. The result shows that, after a certain period of operation, the tread of an unturned wheel will be quite different with the standard tread, the wheel-rail contact geometry is asymmetrical,and wheel turning can improve the dynamical performance of vehicles effectively.


This study assesses the awareness and perceived utility of two features Google Search introduced in February 2021: "About this result" and "More about this page". Google stated that the goal of these features is to help users vet unfamiliar web domains (or sources). We investigated whether the features were sufficiently prominent to be detected by frequent users of Google Search, and their perceived utility for making credibility judgments of sources, in one-on-one user studies with 25 undergraduate college students, who identify as frequent users of Google Search. Our results indicate a lack of adoption or awareness of these features by our participants and neutral-positive perceptions of their utility in evaluating web sources. We also examined the perceived usefulness of nine other domain credibility signals collected from the W3C.


The revolution in molecular biology over the past 50 years has given us an extraordinarily detailed parts list for life, but little understanding of how the parts integrate into the physiological function of the healthy and diseased human body. In contrast, the engineering sciences, from a detailed knowledge of its components, have successfully explained how a plane actually flies. The key difference is the use of mathematical models based on physical principles and a systematic approach to knowledge management. In this review, we describe the efforts of the Virtual Physiological Human (VPH) Physiome Project to address the challenge of integrating molecular, cellular and tissue/organ structure and function through the use of multiscale modeling based on the development of community standards, open source tools and web-accessible databases. We illustrate two applications of the framework, one to cardiology and one to bone fracture prediction in the elderly.


In this book, the theory for developing mathematical thinking in the classroom will be explained in Part I and illuminating examples of developing mathematical thinking using number tables will be provided in Part II. For preparation of those two Parts, this chapter briefly explains the teaching approach, called the "Problem Solving Approach," which is necessary to develop mathematical thinking. This chapter describes the approach and explains why it is useful for developing mathematical thinking.


Transition metal ions especially ferric ions can catalytically generate free radicals by the Haber-Weiss reaction and initiate lipid peroxidation. Such processes may contribute to the mechanism of acute toxicity by transition metals. Serum pools were prepared from normal blood donors and incubated with 1mM cupric or ferric ions at 37C for 24h. Lipid peroxidation products were subsequently measured by 2-thiobarbituric acid assay as described by Yagi and the values were expressed as {mu}mol/L malonaldehyde equivalents. In another experiment, lipoproteins were coprecipitated with other proteins by 10% phosphotungstic acid/sulfuric acid and precipitates in aqueous suspension were incubated with 1 mM cupric or ferric ions. When sera were incubated, the authors observed higher concentrations of lipid peroxidation products with cupric ions compared to samples supplemented with ferric ions. The mean value for peroxidation products in control group was 2.5 {mu}mol/L. However, the effect was reversed when protein precipitates were incubated in presence of such ions. Ferric ions also caused more peroxidation of linoleic acid and phosphatidylcholine isolated from egg yolk when compared to cupric ions. Such differential behavior may be attributed to different degree of chelation of ferric and cupric ions with serum proteins.


This study examines a paleokarst exhumed as a result of mining operations conducted by the Ancient Romans in the recovery of gold contained in Cenozoic sediment that previously covered the ancient karstic formations. Paleokarsts-related sedimentary deposits containing valuable mineral substances such as iron ores, bauxite, lead ores, precious stone deposits (Bosák, 1989) or gold (i.e., in the Urals (Filippov, 2006)) have been mined in many parts of the world. Known cases in the Iberian Peninsula have also shown that ancient mining operations coincided with areas of ancient karstification. For example, the Romans mined iron in Cerro del Hierro (Miras Ruiz & Galán Citation:


The checkerboard pattern in the differential conductance maps on underdoped cuprates appears when the scanning tunneling microscopy is placed above the O sites in the outermost ${\text{CuO}}_{2}$ plane. In this position the interference between tunneling paths through the apical ions above the neighboring Cu sites leads to an asymmetric weighting of final states in the two antinodal regions of $\mathbit{k}$ space. The form of the asymmetry in the differential conductance spectra in the checkerboard pattern favors asymmetry in the localization length rather than a nematic displacement as the underlying origin.


An anticoincidence shielded gamma-ray spectrometer has been fabricated using a 9@n. diameter by 8S-h. thick NaI(T1) crystal with a well of sufficient size to accommodate a 500 ml polyethylene bottle. The crystal is shielded from its phototubes by a 5-in. thick pure NaI light pipe. The crystal is enclosed in a 36-in. diameter by 36-in. thick plastic phosphor which serves as an anticoincidence annulus. A 4-in. thick boron-parafib shield located between the plastic phosphor and the massive lead shield serves to reduce the background contribution from cosmic-ray-produced neutrons. The background in the energy region of 0.1 to 4 MeV is reduced by fiveto thirtyfold by the combined shielding techniques. The Compton response for a "Zn point source is reduced by twoto threefold while that of 6oCo Compton response below the 1. 17 MeV photopeak is reduced by sixto sevenfold. For our standard geometry 500 ml aqueous samples the photopeak counting efficiency of 66Zn in the large well crystal is forty times higher than with a 3-in. x 3-in. crystal yet the background of a large well crystal is only two times higher.


Titanium was first discovered in 1791 in Cornwall by the Reverend William Gregor. The new element was named Titanium (derived from the Titans, the sons of the Earth goddess of Greek mythology) by the German scientist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. Titanium was discovered in its natural form as titanium oxide, and it was not until 1910 that pure titanium metal was produced, albeit on a small scale, by the American metallurgist Matthew Arnold Hunter at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in cooperation with the General Electric Company in the USA. Hunter obtained titanium by reducing titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) using sodium in an evacuated steel bomb.


Several different magnesium-rich clay minerals have been deposited in wells and surface lines in the Yamagawa field. The small quantity of those clay minerals has not caused a severe problem for fluid production. However, the occurrence of magnesium-rich clay minerals is important to characterize a near-coast geothermal system with hydrothermal fluid that is likely to be seawater origin. Examination by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microprobe, and energy dispersive X-ray analyses revealed that those clay minerals are divided into two groups by their structures; the 2:1 layered structure of saponite and the 1:1 layered structure of chrysotile. Saponite is common, and mostly has very poor crystallinity. Whereas, chrysotile is rare in comparison with saponite, and was not indicated in earlier stage of the production. The variation of 1:1 or 1:2 layered structures is probably derived from the Mg/Si molecular ratios of the hydrothermal fluid. The occurrences of chrysotile might denote a change in the hydrothermal system within the field.


Advanced industrial assembly lines often utilize large-scale robotic arms such as the Fanuc S 420-F. Such arms, and their end-effectors, are typically constructed from high-strength steel, which gives the systems superior rigidity at the cost of being very heavy. A new cutting-edge composite material, carbon fiber, offers the strength of steel at a fraction of the weight. To improve energy efficiency, this research project analyzed the feasibility of replacing the steel structure in an end-effector with a carbon-fiber composite, in addition to equipping the end effector with revolutionary 'Smart' technologies. Simulations performed in Siemens' Process Simulate Tecnomatix module helped to inform mechanical energy computations for an arbitrary pick and place task and energy cost estimations were analyzed with the end-effector constructed from both steel and carbon fiber. The projected change in energy consumption for performing the pick and place task was then compared to determine the potential benefit of the carbon fiber substitution. In addition to the advanced material use, this research project also investigated the possibility of implementing 'Smart' technologies in the custom end effector design to further improve energy efficiency. The proposed smart technology would utilize machine vision to actively direct vacuum pressure to only the necessary suction cups in a pneumatic gripper array. Possible energy savings associated with the smart end effector design were analyzed. Simulation results for a simple pick and place operation showed that the Smart Carbon Fiber End Effector required only 2.22 Kilojoules of energy, compared to the 3.92 Kilojoules of energy needed for a Passive Steel Framed End Effector. Through creation and simulation with Digital Design Tools, the feasibility of combining advanced new structural materials with integrated intelligence was explored to create a revolutionary new end effector design that could reduce the energy consumption for a pick and place task.


We present and evaluate a method for automatically detecting sentence fragments in English texts written by non-native speakers. Our method combines syntactic parse tree patterns and parts-of-speech information produced by a tagger to detect this phenomenon. When evaluated on a corpus of authentic learner texts, our best model achieved a precision of 0.84 and a recall of 0.62, a statistically significant improvement over baselines using non-parse features, as well as a popular grammar checker.


Based on the early-established spatial model for 3D representation of acupoints, a comprehensive visible human model was developed, incorporated with a linked symbolic description regarding anatomical terms and their relations, especially for description of the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) knowledge. The model of the intelligent object, the organization of the semantic network, the display mode of TCM concepts and the extension of TCM contents were discussed. The relationships of dangerous acupoints and their anatomical structures were also originally explored. The TCM knowledge base system based on the network of "intelligent object" was addressed. A 3D anatomical atlas of acupuncture is being prepared.


Microwave absorbing materials (MAMs) are widely researched due to their use in many practical applications including both civil and defense sectors. Irrespective of the humongous efforts of various researchers, the development of a wide bandwidth, thin coating thickness, and low-cost microwave absorber is still a challenging task. The existing materials have not been able to meet all the specifications together at once and require a trade-off in the performance parameters. In this paper, we have empirically corroborated a cost-effective technique using E-waste material for synthesising composite MAM. It is herein shown that the addition of different wt% of copper, graphite, and titanium dioxide in the E-waste successfully resulted in enhanced absorption due to altered electrical properties of the E-waste suitable for microwave absorption. The multilayering technique with the help of a genetic algorithm has also been used to broaden the bandwidth. As a result, a three-layer MAM with the total coating thickness of 3.2 mm has been synthesised showing the wideband absorption bandwidth of 8.47 GHz in the frequency range from 6.92 to 15.39 GHz. The results suggested that microwave absorption of E-waste can be drastically improved by appropriately tailoring electrical parameters such as permittivity and permeability.


. Over the past few years, VR and AR have been gaining popularity very fast. Implementations of new technologies caused the development of AR and VR. Both virtual reality and augmented reality is not yet widely used in higher education and the purpose of this paper is to provide a model for the development of integrated learning objects based on VR and AR approach where VR and AR objects could be integrated into other educational content as learning objects by creating integrated learning programs, learning scenarios or etc. This paper provides the literature review on virtual and augmented reality and analysis of integrated models for educational process implementation. The suggested model validates authors' conclusions and leads to recommendations for its implementation.


The calibration of a camera is an essential step for the metric reconstruction of the world. Intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the camera are computed using a one-to-one correspondence between 3-D and 2-D coordinates of control points on the calibration target. Three-dimensional coordinates of control points are given in advance, and 2-D coordinates are detected on the image. The calibration target uses cross lines, circles, and a chessboard pattern to improve detection of the control points on the image. We propose an algorithm to automatically detect the control points on an image, especially for a chessboard pattern. Two symmetric properties of a chessboard pattern related to geometric and brightness distribution are used, and two concentric circles are used as probes for the effective use of the two properties. The two symmetric properties of the chessboard generate the candidates of control points. Finally, a cross-ratio of four points on a line is used for verification. The experimental results using images that vary in scale, pose, and illumination demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm.


Minimizing a query means nding an equivalent one with the least number of joins. Although this problem was on eived over 25 years ago, no s alable algorithm exists today for several reasons. First, the problem is NP-hard even for onjun tive queries, whi h seems to pre lude a universally fast algorithm. More importantly, there was little need: histori ally most queries were handwritten and already minimal. Today view expansion has be ome a entral theme of many systems. This tends to result in queries that are highly redundant and in need of minimization. In addition, re ent theoreti al work on tree-de omposition has provided a new approa h to query ontainment, the major sub-problem in query minimization. We des ribe a query minimization algorithm that s ales to onjun tive queries with hundreds of joins. The algorithm in orporates four te hniques: a fast heuristi for tree-de omposition, randomization, table-pruning, and in remental re omputation. Our experimental evaluation shows that ea h ontributes signi antly to the algorithm's performan e.


Summary The purpose of the article is to present the notion of liquidation preference clause, to describe its types, as well as to discuss its application in the light of the principle of freedom of contracts and certain institutions of Polish commercial law. The article uses the following research methods: formal-dogmatic analysis of legal norms, analysis of case law and legal doctrine, comparative method. The liquidation preference clause entitles certain shareholders of the company to be satisfied in a certain amount before the other shareholders in case of a liquidation event. A liquidation event may be understood both as liquidation of the company and events unrelated to the liquidation, such as sale or merger of companies. The limitations of the liquidation preference clause are set by the principle of freedom of contract. The author of this article advocates the admissibility of such a construction of the liquidation preference clause, that in case of its application excludes some partners from participation in income obtained in connection with the liquidation event. Pursuant to the provisions of the Polish Commercial Companies Code, there is a possibility to include the liquidation preference clause in the capital company agreement, by using the institution of preference of shares or granting personal rights to certain shareholders. In the opinion of the author the more appropriate institution considering the purpose of the liquidation preference clause is granting of personal rights to certain shareholders, which is an entity right connected with the person of the shareholder, and not a right connected with shares.


IN IN AN earlier paper on a study of Dugesia (= Euplanaria) dorotocephala with Murray's modified Ringer solution (Watanabe, 1937) it was shown that definite and orderly variations in death frequency of pieces along the axis of body indicate a physiological differential or gradient of susceptibility to lethal action of the solution as with many other agents the disintegration processes in whole animals do. The present


In this thesis the reconstruction of tracks within the OPERA muon spectrometer is described as well as parts of the simulation software concerning the drift tubes. A method minimising the χ of the tracks is used for the fit, which is supported by liklyhood considerations during the pattern recognition. An analytical describtion of the time to distance relation for the OPERA drift tubes is introduced to be used in the fit. For simulated events of cosmics a resolution of 410±4 μm and an efficiency of more that 93% has been acquired. For real cosmic data from the OPERA detector a resolution of 374±3 μm and an efficiency of up to 84% has been reached. The acquired angular resolution of 1,2 mrad is sufficient to achieve a momentum resolution of 25% up to momentums of 25 GeV. Die Spurrekonstruktion für das Driftröhren-Myon-Spektrometer des Neutrino-Experiments OPERA Björn S. Wonsak 13. November 2007


The effect of transcranial electrostimulation on the laboratory (in vitro) parameters in farm animals has been studied. The data obtained show certain changes of indices depending on animals age and sex and the season of examination. The most informative indices proving the efficiency of transcranial electrostimulation are suggested as factors of humoral unspecific body defence in goats.


The research work analyzes the existing issues in the market of imported chocolate in Russia, the reasons for their appearance and growth. The author of this paper has developed the e-form and view technology about chocolate in labeling to solve the issues. The summary and stages of viewing information about the merchandise in the labeling, as well as the procedure for its use after application to the packaging and the directions of its further application are presented in detail.


#### Notable in Neurology this week

This issue features an article that investigates the differences in prevalence of depression after stroke between men and women; another, using network methods, determines that the way foods are consumed, not just the quantity, may be applicable for dementia prevention. A featured article examines whether surrogates for patients with severe acute brain injury can be identified based on a survey of their prioritization of goals-of-care decisional concerns.

### Stroke reperfusion therapy following dabigatran reversal with idarucizumab in a national cohort

Recent use of anticoagulants is a contraindication for the use of IV …


This paper describes the GROOVE solution to the "Class Diagram Restructuring" case study of the Tool Transformation Contest 2013. We show that the visual rule formalism enables the required restructuring to be formulated in a very concise manner. Moreover, the GROOVE functionality for state space exploration allows checking confluence. Performance-wise, however, the solution does not scale well.


This paper presents a new analytical method based on Genetic Algorithms (GA) for assessing the composite power system annualized reliability indices. In this proposed method, GA intelligently searches the numerous state spaces of a power system to find the most probable states contributing to system failure. A dynamic optimization load flow model is used for evaluation of sampled states. The proposed method is applied to a 6 bus RBTS and 24 bus RTS-96 reliability test system and the obtained result of program is compared with other conventional methods. Eventually the full set of composite system adequacy indices and load bus indices is calculated. The obtained results clearly demonstrate the capability of the proposed technique.


In this paper we develop a simple method which provides a solution for the Uncapacitated Facility Location Problem (UFLP). This method is based on two procedures, namely the dual ascent procedure and the dual adjustment procedure. The dual ascent procedure is executed first, if this procedure does not find an optimal solution, then this solution is improved by the dual adjustment procedure. We test this method on three standard problem instances of the UFLP, namely the Bilde-Krarup, the Galvao Raggi and the Gap B instances in order to check if this method works for different instances. We also check what happens to the number of established facilities and the total costs if the opening costs and the transportation costs increase or decrease.


The considerable attention paid by the author to the functions of the state illustrates the changing character of industrial negotiations and the growth of public responsibility. In a study of British industrial relations made for the ILO in 1933, Professor Richardson devoted less than a chapter to state regulation and significantly began with the trade union movement while leaving personnel management for a brief treatment oward the end. The present volume clearly reveals a recognition of the importance of managerial responsibility at the very outset. The first chapter of Part I begins,


Self-location is defined as the ability to recognize one's surroundings and reliably keep track of current position relative to a known environment. It is a fundamental cognitive skill for entities biological and artificial alike: living beings rely on it for performing key behaviors such as nest homing and predator evasion, whereas mobile robots require it to realize autonomous navigation. At a minimum, self-location requires the ability to match current sensory input to memories of previously visited places, and to correlate perceptual changes to physical movement. Humans and other mammals rely mainly on visual cues for place identification, hinting at the possibility of robot systems using cameras and computer vision algorithms for the same task. However, visual input, while rich, is notoriously hard to interpret algorithmically, and is subject to large variations from factors such as lighting conditions, changes to environment composition, and the presence of moving obstacles. This thesis proposes a new architecture for vision-based robot self-location, dubbed the Difference Image Correspondence Hierarchy, or DICH for short. DICH is inspired by research in biological cognition, constituting a self-location model that is perception-based instead of metric. Places, and robot location among them, are defined not in terms of geometric coordinates, but as memory and sensory patterns consistently correlated over time. At the same time, DICH has from the beginning been conceived as a pragmatic approach to autonomous navigation, intended to work under real-world conditions. Accordingly, a DICH implementation based on well-known software libraries and off-the-shelf hardware is also presented. A variety of experiments demonstrate the architecture's features, its strengths and weaknesses. The thesis concludes with a discussion on results achieved and directions for further research.


All the review papers and the short communications presented in this session are in this EAAP publication entitled "Indicators of milk and beef quality". Additional papers from invited authors were written in 2004 and then added to complete the publication although not all topics related to quality indicators are covered in the present publication. Review papers aim to describe the state of the art in different disciplines including genetics, physiology, nutrition, biochemistry as well as social and economic aspects. Short communications are recent and new results given as examples of the research done in these different areas. All the papers were peer-reviewed by international experts.


In this paper we study the possible second order Lax operators for all possible (1+1)-dimensional models with Schwarzian forms. If the Schwarzian form of a (1+1)-dimensional model can be expressed by two known conformal invariants (invariant under the Mobius transformation), the model has a second order lax pair. The explicit Lax pairs for some (1+1)-dimensional are given. The conclusions are also extended to some (2+1)-dimensional equations.


Forty mesio-buccal root canals of human extracted maxillary molars were used to evaluate radiographically the apical deviation after manual instrumentation with Flexofile, Flex-R and Onyx-R files, and mechanic-rotatory instrumentation with the Profile System series 29, taper 0.04. A platform was made to enable pre and post-operatory takings in same position. As to apical deviation, measured in milimeters, the results showed the occurence of apical deviation in all the groups. The Onyx-R files presented the lowest average of the deviation (0.0175 mm), followed by Flex-R files (0.1125 mm), Profile System (0.1225 mm) and Flexofile (0.215 mm). Significant statistical differences occurred between the averages of the Onyx-R and Flexofile files. Uniterms: Root canal, instrumentation. REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 1. ALODEH, M.H.A.; DOLLER, R.; DUMMER, P.M.H. Shaping of simulated root canals in resin blocks using the step-back technique with K-files manipulated in a simple in/out filing motion. Int. Endod. J., v.22, n.3, p. 107-17, May 1989. 2. AL-OMARI, M.A.O.; DUMMER, P.M.H.; NEWCOMBE, R.G. Comparison of six files to prepare simulated root canals. Part 1. Int. Endod. J., v.25, n.2, p. 57-66, Mar. 1992. 3. AL-OMARI, M.A.O. et al. Comparison of six files to prepare simulated root canals. Part 2. Int. Endod. J., v.25, n.2, p. 67-81, Mar. 1992. 4. BASTOS FILHO, E. et al. Análise "in vitro"da variação angular e da configuração apical quando do preparo de canais curvos com instrumentos de tipo e procedência variados. Rev. bras. Odont., v. 47, n.5, p. 110-4, set./out. 1990. 5. BOU DAGHER, F.E.; YARED, G.M. Comparison of three files to prepare curved root canals. J. Endod., v.21, n.5, p. 2645, May 1995. 6. BRISEÑO, B.M.; SONNABEND, E. The influence of different root canal instruments on root canal preparation: an "in vitro"study. Int. Endod. J., v. 24, n.1, p. 15-23, 1991. 7. BRISEÑO, B.M.; PISTORIUS, A.; WILLERSHAUSENZÖNNCHEN, B. Canal transportation caused by a new instrumentation technique and three standard techniques. J. Endod., v.22, n.8, p. 406-9, Aug. 1996. 8. CALHOUN, G; MONTGOMERY, S. The effect of four instruments techniques on root canal shape. J. Endod., v. 14, n.6, p.273-7, June 1988. 9. ELDEEB, M.E.; BORAAS, J.C. The effect of different files on the preparation shape of severely curved canals. Int. Endod. J., v.18, n.1, p. 1-7, Jan. 1985. 10. ESPOSITO, P.T.; CUNNINGHAM, C.J. A comparison of canal preparation with nickel-titanium and stainless steel instruments. J. Endod., v. 21, n.4, p. 173-6, Apr. 1995. 11. GAMBILL, J.M.; ALDER, M.; DEL RIO, C. Comparison of nickel-titanium and stainless steel hand-file instrumentation using computed tomography. J. Endod., v.22, n.7, p. 36975, July 1996. 12. HIMEL, V.T. et al. An avaluation of nitinol and stainless steel files used by dental students during a laboratory proficiency exam. Oral Surg., v.79, n.2, p. 232-7, Feb. 1995. 13. HUDSON, D.A.; REMEIKIS, N.A; VAN CURA, J.E. Instrumentation of curved root canals: a comparison study. J. Endod., v.18, n.9, p. 448-50, Sept. 1992. 14. INGLE, J.I.; TRAINTOR, J.F. Endodontia. 3 ed. Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara, 1989. 737 p. 15. LESEBERG, D.A.; MONTGOMERY, S. The effects of Canal Master, Flex-R, and K-Flex instrumentation on root canal configuration. J. Endod., v.17, n.2, p. 59-65, Feb. 1991.


Abstract This issue of the Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics is devoted to papers presented at the Seventh International Meeting on Thermodiffusion (IMT7), held in San Sebastian, Spain, May 29 to June 2, 2006.


A unified method is presented based on sensitivity of response in this paper for cabined structural and control optimizations of nonlinear mechanical systems.First,simple linear differential equations are used instead of nonlinear dynamical equation of the mechanical system based on sliding mode controller. The derivatives of the system with respect to the design variables are obtained.Then,a step-by-step integration technique is given to obtain numerical calculation of the sensitvity of intergrated optimization of structural and control variables using Newmark method grounded on above linear differential equations.Finally,the process of the algorithm in this paper is introduced by designing the Stewart platform.Simulation results show the validity of the method.


The delay-locked loop (DLL) is a device that is often used for PN-code tracking to synchronise direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) systems. A DLL with resynchronising capability, which is more robust against loss of lock, is presented. The new scheme has two modes: a normal tracking mode and a resynchronising mode. The structure of the new loop and its function are described.


A key intention of our original paper was to open up a discussion about the increasing influence that religious groups are having on social policy in the UK. In this regard, we very much welcome Professor Tariq Modood's response and contribution to the debate on 'multiculturalism's new fault lines'. The concern we expressed in our original argument focused on the increasing accommodation of religion within state multiculturalism in both general terms, and also in the case of particular substantive demands that were being accommodated. In doing so we argued that this represented a dangerously uncritical attitude to the growing influence of religious absolutism and fundamentalism, particularly in the UK and also further afield. Professor Modood has responded to this by characterizing our position as a form of 'radical secularism' and thereby implying that we want to exclude altogether the contribution to the public sphere of people who are inspired by religion. For him the affirmation of religious identities is essentially an expression of 'ethnic minority self-assertions, mobilizations and political claims-making', a new and important manifestation of 'multicultural citizenship'. Accordingly, within a framework of classic liberal multiculturalism, the policy challenge then becomes one of seeking out ways to extend citizen


In the context of globalization,cultural dissemination and communication has become a necessity.Chinese traditional culture is an important carrier of Chinese traditional culture,embodies the Chinese traditional core values,have important cultural value and social value.As a Chinese national precious intangible cultural heritage,its rich content of social life and beautiful art performance way has profound significance for the spread of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation.In Chinese opera and TV transmission mode,which is the combination of TV drama communication ability has been highlighted in the information age,showing the important value of the propagation.


The present invention is a smart key system, and relates to a driving method thereof, and more particularly, to a smart key device of the smart key, the occupant of the door touch when the vehicle carrying the fob of the system is to transmit the authentication information request signal through the human body communications with fob , to receive the authentication information about it to the UHF wireless communication on the human body communication smart key system and a driving method of controlling the release and locking of the door.


A total synthesis of racemic rosaprostol, an untiulcer drug, has been achieved in seven synthetic steps and in 42% overall yield starting from dimethyl methanephosphonate. The key steps include int...


Objectives. Prospective studies using specific outcome measures for the treatment of complex regional pain syndromes (CRPS) using spinal cord stimulation are lacking in the literature. The current prospective study followed 19 patients with the objective of analyzing such patients using specific outcome measures including the McGill Pain Rating Index, the Sickness Impact Profile, Oswestry Disability, Beck Depression Inventory, and Visual Analog Scale Scores.


To reveal the aspects for evaluation of odor is important for the building design. In this paper, odors emitted from five building materials that is wood (white cedar and oak), plywood, Tatami and concrete were adopted and the sensory evaluation tests by human subjects were conducted. As a result, the basic relations between the odor concentration and the aspects for evaluation of odor; intensity, hedonics, preference, impressions (familiarity, freshness, complexity and warmness) and acceptability, were investigated. The relations among each aspect were also investigated. Consequently the sensory evaluation of odor the psychological process of odor evaluation was proved by means of multiple regression analysis. SENSORY EVALUATION OF ODORS FROM BUILDING MATERIAL


Summary form only given. INTEGRAMplus is an initiative supported by the European Commission to provide access to a flexible design and prototyping service with a route to volume manufacture of novel products based on integrated microsystems. Its aim is to lower access barriers to integrated micro-nanotechnology (MNT) solutions by providing a portfolio of standardised multi- domain and multi-technology modules and prototyping platforms. The use of microsystem products in emerging markets such as biomedical and healthcare, environmental monitoring, etc requires integration of functions such as fluidic, optical, mechanical, electrical, biological, etc. No single material technology (silicon, polymer, glass) system can provide all these in a cost-effective way. For example, silicon is very attractive for its ability to provide very high liquid dispensing accuracy in microfluidics and also for integration with drive/signal processing electronics for intelligent sensors. However, other functions such as fluidic handling, interfacing and environmental packaging require hybridisation with other low-cost materials such as polymers. End-users without MNT expertise who would like to develop new functions and products or to improve their existing products through miniaturisation are guided through the complete development supply chain from concept, through design and feasibility studies, to prototyping and manufacturing. End-users who are familiar with MNT technology and/or have their own design concepts can access low-risk low-cost-of-entry prototyping services based on standardised processes, components and toolkits. Examples of the use of the toolkits available and case studies will be discussed in this paper.


An interesting model which was able to recuperate and reuse braking energy was investigated. It was named series hybrid hydraulic/electric system (SHHES). The innovated model was presented for heavy hybrid vehicles to overcome the existing drawbacks of single energy storage sources. The novelty of this paper was investigation of a new series hybrid vehicle with triple sources, combustion engine, electric motor, and hydraulic sources. It was simulated with MATLAB-Simulink and different operational mode of control system was investigated. The aim was to improve the efficiency of the energy-loading components in the power train system and the transmission system independently. The ability to store and reuse the kinetic energy was added to the system to prevent energy wasting while the vehicle was braking. Control models were also investigated to realize suitable control algorithms to offer the best efficiency in system components for different vehicle conditions. The torque control strategy based on fuzzy logic controller was proposed to achieve better vehicle performance while the fuel consumption was minimized. The results implied efficient storage and usage in the transmission system. A small vehicle model experimentally verified the simulation results.


The work examined terrorism and its impact on Education in Northern Nigeria. This study investigated how the rate of kidnapping and killing of school students and teachers in the Northern Nigeria has negatively affected the educational system. It also examined the level of attack on educational facilities in the North and how the Boko Haram sect has used schools as bases of its operation. Lastly, the study investigated the responses of the Nigerian government to protect school children, teachers and educational facilities from attack. The theoretical framework adopted for this study is the general systems theory. The study is descriptive in nature. It dwells primarily on secondary sources of data, namely, textbooks, journal articles, newspaper publications and the internet. The technique of analysis adopted is content analysis. The study found that Boko Haram has killed and kidnapped thousands of school children and teachers. The study also found that the sect has destroyed several educational facilities. The study further found that both Boko Haram and government forces have used several schools as their base of operation. All these have disrupted learning in the North. From the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made; the government should endeavor to find out the root cause of Boko Haram insurgency and why youths are being recruited easily to the terror group. Adequate security be made available to protect students and schools in the North so that children can continue their schools uninterrupted. Since poverty has been the number one harbinger of Boko Haram insurgency, efforts must be made to reduce the rate of poverty in the region. The Nigerian government must embark on effective poverty alleviation and human capital development programs for youth who are most vulnerable to recruitment and radicalization.


It is clear that a lot remains to be learnt about the role of the financial sector in African growth and development process. All three papers in this volume focus on the existing consensus in the literature that there seems to be a positive relationship between financial development and economic progress. Harris aptly draws attention to the broad association between financial sector development and economic growth, and Murinde even suggests that financial development may be as important as human capital accumulation. Andersen et al., in turn, are more sceptical and bring out the existing ambiguities, both theoretical and empirical, underlying the finance-growth consensus. They highlight that existing empirical results are far from robust, a point also clearly subscribed to by Harris. Consequently, the contributors are agreed that the usefulness of the existing literature is severely constrained when it comes to drawing up policy relevant conclusions. Copyright 2012 , Oxford University Press.


Increasingly college freshmen arrive on campus with a background in the humanities that extends beyond studies of English and American literature. From my experience I judge that about half of them, for instance, have studied Oedipus Rex. Thanks to broadened curricula and the diligence of high school English teachers, the need for a required general education humanities course for college freshmen is no longer patent. But sometimes the college teacher is faced with the job of undoing some of that earlier education. This is especially a problem with respect to understanding Greek tragedy. From his high school teachers, from outline manuals, or simply by a kind of cultural osmosis, the college freshman typically has acquired generalizations about Greek tragedy derived ultimately from Aristotle's Poetics: that its hero is someone of high estate who falls low, that he falls because of a "fatal flaw," that tragedy gives us a catharsis of pity and fear, and so forth. When accepted uncritically, such generalizations pose difficulties in reading and discussing particular tragedies. In his excellent book Greek Tragedy (Doubleday Anchor), H. D. F. Kitto has argued persuasively that Aristotle's theory simply does not apply to many plays. What is called for, I think, is a better understanding of the Poetics in order to forestall misapplication of its concepts. I propose to initiate such understanding by suggesting how Aristotle derived those concepts. One common misconception about the Poetics held by those who have read or heard references to it but have never examined the work itself is that in it Aristotle laid down certain a priori rules about drama


This study argues that the theory is an integral part of the scientific research and, therefore, indispensable to scientific development in accounting. To support this claim, we resorted to the theory of science from epistemology and philosophy of science, arising from the development of scientific language, expressed in syntactic and semantic approaches. In scientific practice, the choice of a theory occurs from certain virtues of the same as well as its success or failure is assessed by observation and experiment testing. In the accounting literature, the use and the construction of theories, which agrees with the suggested in this work were observed. Future research can investigate: the phenomenon of theory building in the area in order to discover which view prevails: the syntactic or semantic; the ways that these models are being tested; the results and the development of models and theories that do not yet exist, following the logic of scientific language treated here.


Medicinal plants are garnering widespread interest in scientific circles due to their consistent pharmacological activities, which make them beneficial in the treatment of a variety of ailments. Costus speciosus, commonly known as crepe ginger, is an herbaceous plant native to Mexico that belongs to the family Costaceae (zingiberaceae). Creep Ginger is known to have many medicinal effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potential antidiabetic activities. The aim of this review was to investigate the phytochemical compounds and potential antioxidant activity in Costus speciosus. The following information on the phytoconstituents of the species Costus speciosus was acquired from online scientific databases using NCBI, Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Molecules, Elsevier, and Research Gate searches. Phytochemical analysis from several studies showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic compounds, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins in the extract. The parts of Costus speciosus that are used as medicinal plants are usually the leaf, rhizome, and roots. The results suggest that the presence of a wide range of phytochemical compounds from extracts of Costus speciosus may be used to estimate potential antioxidant activity using the DPPH methods. Extracts with methanol as a solvent show that DPPH has considerable antiscavenging activity and the present study on alkaloids indicates that their contents are responsible for the high antioxidant activity. Antioxidant capacity is indicated by the values of EC50 and IC50. This review study may help future research activities on Costus speciosus by providing up-to-date information and relevant data.


From a historical point of view, this paper examines several important periods during the disciplinary development, from "Urban and Rural Planning" in the 1950s to "Urban Planning," and again to the present "Urban and Rural Planning"discipline which has been classified as the firstlevel subject. The paper expounds that the "Urban and Rural Planning" discipline is to reveal the urban and rural development law and to achieve sustainable development by means of planning, and it has its own scientific nature. Social equity and justice is one of the basic threads throughout the thought development of urban and rural planning.Theories from the Sciences of Human Settlement have built a theoretical system for today's Chinese Urban and Rural Planning discipline, which will further play a guiding role for the Chinese urban and rural construction. The paper argues that China's current Urban and Rural Planning discipline should strengthen the secondary-level subject in order to support the first-level subject, and construct a common fundamental platform for the planningeducation with various backgrounds, formulate a basic framework for the curriculum system, and establish an "access system" for the newcomers in order to ensure the quality of planning education.


Novel dendritic mixed-valence dinuclear ruthenium complexes were prepared and chemically cross-linked to form thin films on ITO electrodes. The cross-linked films exhibited an excellent electrochromism in the near-infrared (NIR) region and optical attenuation of 5.4 dB/μm in thickness at 1550 nm with a switching time of 2 s. A variable optical attenuator based on these NIR electrochromic ruthenium complex materials could be envisioned.


For an ad hoc network with limited resources in power and bandwidth, our previous work has shown the benefit of multipath routing with minimized average packet delay. The dynamic nature of a mobile network further requires that routing decisions be updated periodically. In this paper, we study the performance of congestion-optimized multipath routing over a mobile ad hoc network. A hybrid scheme which combines partial and complete route updates at different intervals is proposed to address the tradeoff in route update frequency. Network simulations are performed to evaluate different route update strategies for video streaming. Frequent route updates achieve up to 6dB improvement in received video quality over sparse updates. In comparison, the proposed hybrid scheme can save 70% of link state exchange overhead at the price of 1 dB loss in PSNR.


And John Hawthorne (2004) and Jason Stanley (2005) have argued that what it takes to turn true belief into knowledge is sensitive to the practical environment the subject is in. These authors seem to be suggesting there is, to use Jonathan Kvanvig's phrase "pragmatic encroachment" in epistemology. In this paper I'll argue that their arguments do not quite show this is true, and that concepts of epistemological justification need not be pragmatically sensitive. The aim here isn't to show that (PC) is false, but rather that it shouldn't be described as a pragmatic condition on justification. Rather, it is best thought of as a pragmatic condition on belief. There are two ways to spell out the view I'm taking here. These are both massive simplifications, but they are close enough to the truth to show the kind of picture I'm aiming for. First, imagine a philosopher who holds a very simplified version of functionalism about belief, call it (B).


A peparation of hybrid catalysts of SiO2·Al2O3–MgO (SA/MgO) and silanized MgO (SiOx/MgO) was attempted for the purpose of obtaining a new category of the acid-base bifunctional catalyst. The resultant catalyst was applied to the catalytic decomposition of alkylamines to yield acetonitrile via a dealkylation–dehydrogenation reaction.


Background: There are considerable implications for pain management in morbidly obese patients undergoing weight loss operations. The purpose of this study was to determine if a modified postoperative analgesic regimen and a dedicated postoperative bariatric team reduced pain scores, length of stay and postoperative complications. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of morbidly obese patients admitted to our medical center for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). Our previous postoperative pain regimen was ketorolac (30 mg IV plus 15 mg q6h) and patient controlled analgesia (PCA) morphine and was converted to ketorolac (30 mg IV and 30 mg i.m, plus 15 mg q6h), and IV PCA hydromorphone. Visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores from the post-operative care unit were collected retrospectively. The bariatric team was led by a nurse practitioner consisted of a psychologist, exercise physiologist, and nutritionist. Results: Eighty-five patients underwent bariatric operations in the year prior to implementation of the revised postoperative pain management regimen and 372 patients underwent bariatric surgery in the 2 years following implementation. Patient age, gender and BMI were evenly distributed for both groups. Mean VAS scores on postoperative days 1 through 5 were significantly lower after implanting our modified pain regimen (p<0.0001). Pain scores were significantly higher for patients that underwent LRYGB compared to LAGB (p<0.0001). Overall, length of hospital stay was unaffected by the new pain regimen, however a significant reduction was found in patients that underwent LAGB (0.8 days less; p=0.0001). Conclusion: Use of our modified pain regimen resulted in a more effective analgesic protocol and a reduction of hospital stay, without added complications or side effects.


This paper aims to assess how existing theories explain terrorism and its relations with traditional state system and how assumptions of constructivism fit in better compared to other IR theories. A constructivist approach thanks to its multidisciplinary understanding can give more plausible insights about the role of norms, ideas, time and context in shaping the relation between states and terrorism as non-state actor which is the core focus point of this paper. The marginal method of terrorism in order to interact and communicate with state and send policy messages makes it difficult to be explained and conceptualized by traditional IR theories. The word "terror" which means to fear and frighten gives an insight that terrorism does not include a peaceful and malleable human nature. a non-state actor which is able to access state instruments in power politics makes terrorism study more complex and problematic. While state-centric traditional IR Theories seem to have several weaknesses in explaining state and terrorism relations, constructivism, with its arguments on priority of persuasion, identity and social construction on material power and economic rationality, fits better in explaining many issues about terrorism study. Thinking about the changing nature of self-interest with its non-material determinants, the role of identity in defining actors and the problems in cooperation and coordination faced by traditional theories, constructivism seems a better-developed theoretical lens in terms of explaining global terrorism and its impact on changing state behavior. HOW TO STUDY TERRORISM: COMPARISON OF CONSTRUCTIVISM WITH TRADITIONAL IR THEORIES


Abstract This paper studies the solvency of an insurance firm in the presence of underwriting cycles. A small or medium-size insurance company with a price-taker position in the market is considered. Its premium income is assumed to obey an autoregressive process with cycles. Specifically, the premium income for a specific calendar year is influenced by the market experience for the last couple years. Under this classical AR(2) dynamics governing the premium income, an explicit expression for the ultimate ruin probability is derived, using a martingale approach, in the lighttailed claims case. Furthermore, the logarithmic asymptotic behavior of the ultimate ruin probability as well as the typical path to ruin are investigated. Then a comparison is made with the classical case where the same company operates on a market without such cycles. Asymptotically, the presence of market cycles is shown to increase the risk for the company. Numerical illustrations are performed on Canadian motor insurance market data and support the theoretical analysis.


This paper studied urban land intensive use from spatial difference aspect,which took Wuhan Metropolitan Area as a study region.By index appraisal system construction,principal component analysis and mapping,it analyzed the spatial difference of land intensive use of industrial zone of 1 plus 8 cities in Wuhan Metropolitan Area.Further it analyzed the reason for the difference and put forward some countermeasures for urban land intensive use.


A method for determining the quantitative content of meat proteins by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D). The method is designed to quantify muscle protein in raw meat samples through proteomic technology complex comprising a two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and densitometry obtained electrophoregrams computer.


The experiment as a current trend among methods of obtaining and supplying information in journalistic materials on Ukrainian television is studied. The popularity of the experiment in television journalism is explained by its compliance to postmodern era and game trends in the media. Simulated conditions intrigue the audience with an unknown end, creating the effect of «here and now» and require the viewer inclusion process and complicity. The audience is not just watching the action deployment, but runs through the situation together with its participants, which leads to greater impact on recipients. The infotainment's influence on using the simulated situations in TV stories is explored. The classification of the main types of experiments on the criterion of the role of a journalist is promoted: an observer, a moderator or a participant. The negative effects of some innovations, such as the viewer's entertainment with a loss of the informational component, are shown


Isotope effect of H− and D− productions with and without cesium vapor injection is studied theoretically as a function of plasma parameters. Model calculation in a tandem volume source is performed by solving a set of particle balance equations for steady-state hydrogen and deuterium discharge plasmas. In a pure volume case, as a whole, H− production is higher than D− production for various plasma conditions. This isotope effect is caused by mainly atomic collision processes, i.e., collisional cooling of vibrational molecules and collisional destruction of negative ions. Therefore, density of atoms plays an important role for deciding negative ion density. On the other hand, in a cesium case, there is no remarkable isotope effect on H−/D− production. Considering H−/D− surface production caused by both atoms and positive ions, H−/D− production is enhanced by a large factor and then isotope effect observed in pure volume case seems to be almost masked.


A new concept for a cold neutron scattering facility is described. A low energy, high intensity proton beam is used to produce the neutrons using (p,xn) reactions The advantages of this approach and the neutron source capabilities are outlined.


Analysis is made of the stresses around a rigid circular inclusion with cemented boundary in a rubber sheet which is under simple tension at a distance from the inclusion . The analysis is performed by the photoelastic method, in which data are obtained from observations of the changes produced in a beam of polarized light passing through the transparent model. The fund amental principles of the method and a detailed account of their application are given. The possibilities of the use of rubber as a model material are demonstrated. The stress-optical coefficient of a certain soft vulcanized rubber compound is found to be 2,030 brewsters. This is in agreement with the results of previous work. The maximum stresses near the boundary of the disk are found to be about 50 percent greater than the average applied stress. The experimental results are com pared with those given by a theoretical treatment of this problem, and quite satisfactory agreement is obtained. CONTENTS Page


An efficient micro-resistojet has been developed with thrust in the millinewton level, with a specific impulse of approximately 250 seconds and power input of 20 watts or less that is useful for applications of up to 1,000 hours of operation or more. The essential feature of this invention is a gas-carrying tube surrounding a central heating element. The propellant is flashed into vapor and then passes through a narrow annulus between the tube and the heater where it is cracked (in the case of methanol, into CO and H2) before being discharged through a de Laval nozzle to produce thrust. A multi-layer radiation shield around the gas tube minimizes heat loss. Also, if methanol is used as the propellant, the simultaneous heating and cracking does not need an additional device. This unit would be especially useful for small satellites, with mass up to 100 kg, and for delta v up to 500 m/sec, and is suited for use with green methanol as the propellant where a specific impulse of 220 seconds is expected. Noble metal alloys are the optimal materials of construction. While the microresistojet is especially suited to methanol, many other propellants may be used such as water or, in the case of de-orbiting, many other residual liquids onboard the vehicle.


The marked rise of FDI ?ows to high-income countries since the early 1990s has prompted substantial empirical research into the important determinants of FDI. This paper also has attempted to identify important determinants of FDI inflow for the selected high-income countries (23 countries) since 1990. Based on the related review of literature, six variables (Outflow, GDP, BOP, Export, Import and Labor) have been selected. Employing adding-up/multiple regression models, significant determinants were identified.


'How do they get away with it?' That was the question the team behind Vancouver's Transport 2021 strategy asked me when we discussed Melbourne. How, they wanted to know, could Melbourne's transport planners get away with providing such poor public transport when they had so much infrastructure to work with? How could they get away with spending so much on freeways and tollways when everyone knows these only make transport problems worse? 'Why isn't there a citizen's uprising?' one asked.


Migration is a global phenomenon, and while the number of people migrating from one country to another has been increasing world-wide, the rate at which it has been doing so is faster in some countries than others. Hong Kong is a 'city of migrants' and while it accepts migrants from other countries, for example the Philippines, Thailand and India, the majority of new residents come from Mainland China. Hong Kong has, in fact, been experiencing a particularly high influx of immigrants from Mainland China since 1995 when the 'One Way Permit' (OWP) migration scheme was introduced. Under this scheme, up to 150 immigrants per day are permitted to enter Hong Kong from Mainland China. Between 1983 and 2001 alone, a total of over 720, 000 new Chinese arrivals were admitted, the equivalent of almost 11% of the total population of Hong Kong (6.72 million) in 2001 (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region People's Republic of China, 2002). Among these immigrants from Mainland China, the proportion of females has increased significantly; while they already outnumbered male migrants in 1986 (59%), by 2003 woman accounted for three quarters of all migrants from the Mainland (see Table A.1.1 in Appendix A).


The following qualitative research-intervention, aims to contribute to generate elements to understand school´s violence through implementing a systemic intervention and through social-constructionism. It started from the voices from the agents of school´s violence in order to be able to understand de dynamics of school aggression in light of the context where these aggressions take place, it also started from intentions, beliefs, intended solutions, participants ´stories and from all the elements identified that help give meaning to those actions that take place during an aggression dynamic. This research-investigation was stated from the systemic paradigm framework due to the fact that it was identified how traditional understandings of school violence are linear and they privilege some causes over others, which limits understanding and has a counterproductive effect by designing intervention proposals of both prevention and intervention. Along results of this research it is important to highlight the relevance of generating interventions, where actors voices are taken into account, that foster searching for solutions and avoiding at the same time hunting for responsible or guilt and generating reflection-spaces where the consideration for the other is promoted, critical visions regarding the notion of respect, fear and power and where the transformation of some beliefs that allow the rise and maintain of aggression in school´s contexts is promoted.


Original Research Paper Received 13 October 2015 Accepted 16 December 2015 Available Online 23 January 2016 Wheeled mobile robots able to inspect pipe interior are typically used in industry. One of the major evaluations of these robots performance is mobility in limited spaces and special environments. Unanticipated area and obstacles along the robot path is one of the major challenges of robot success in missions. In this paper a novel module for increasing the robot traction when encountering small obstacles, paddle or large deposit is introduced. In addition, the mechanism increases the robot traction when moving in high inclination pipes. The mechanism consists of two links mounted beside the four wheel drive robot. When the robot is faced with an obstacle or a paddle and cannot move further, although the robot wheels rotate, contacting the module's links to pipe surface changes the balance of normal forces applied between the pipe and wheels. Further, when the links are extended to contact the upper part of pipe, the wheels normal forces are increased, providing a higher traction force consequently. Length of links may change in addition to its rotation. So, a two DOFs mechanism is provided in which one motor is used as actuator. For switching active DOF, a locking mechanism is utilized using shape memory alloys actuators. The analysis and simulations show the capability of mechanism in increasing the robot traction. The mechanism performance is validated through ADAMS dynamic modeling software.


Using an effective interionic interaction potential (EIOP), the pressure induced structural phase transformation from ZnS-type (B3) to NaCl-type (B1) structure in group III Post-Transition Metal Nitrides [TMN; TM=Ga and Tl] were investigated. The long range Coulomb, van der Waals (vdW) interaction and the short-range repulsive interaction upto second-neighbor ions within the Hafemeister and Flygare approach with modified ionic charge are properly incorporated in the EIOP. The vdW coefficients are computed following the Slater-Kirkwood variational method, as both the ions are polarizable. The estimated value of the phase transition pressure (Pt) and the magnitude of the discontinuity in volume at the transition pressure are consistent as compared to the reported data.


OBJECTIVE
To examine risk and protective processes for posttraumatic stress reactions and negative sequelae following the Northridge earthquake (EQ) among youths diagnosed for pre-EQ psychopathology.

METHOD
Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, general anxiety, and social impairment were evaluated using telephone interviews among 66 children participating in a family-genetic study of childhood-onset depression at the time of the EQ.

RESULTS
Significant predictors of PTSD symptoms 1 year after the EQ included perceived stress and resource loss associated with the EQ, a pre-EQ anxiety disorder, and more frequent use of cognitive and avoidance coping strategies. PTSD symptoms were associated with high rates of concurrent general anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and social adjustment problems with friends. The only significant correlation between sibling scores was on measures of sibling reports of objective exposure.

CONCLUSIONS
Preexisting anxiety disorders represent a risk factor for postdisaster PTSD reactions. Postdisaster services need to attend to the needs of these youths as well as those of youths experiencing high levels of subjective stress, resource loss, and/or high exposure. That children within families show significant variation in postdisaster reactions underscores the need for attention to individual child characteristics and unshared environmental attributes.


In this work is presented a computational approach for the analysis of the number of research articles generated by a group of researchers, the basic concepts of the theory of graphs are used to represent the quantity of the items generated by a researcher and as principal metrics is considered the number of collaborations between an author and co-authors as well as analysis of persistence and continuity of scientific collaboration.


In order to effectively evaluate and screen no-food biodiesel plant(NFBP) resources,nine characteristics of NFBP were evaluated comprehensively using the grey system analysis and the independibility weight was introduced in this study.The result showed that the weight coefficients varied from 0.090 to 0.136 and the first two highest weight coefficients were iodine value(0.136) and heating value(0.120).While the weight coefficients of other 7 indicators including the oil content,acid value,kinematic viscosity,cetane number,density,cold filter clogging temperature as well as the seed yield were all stable at 0.10.The equal-weight and weighting coefficients between the 23 oil species which satisfied the NFBP standards well and the simulated ideal specie were calculated and used for further screening.The result further exhibited that the equal-weight coefficient varied from 0.9065 to 0.9851 and the top species were Prunus davidiana Carr.(γ=0.985 1),Cephalotaxus sinensis Li.(γ=0.984 2) and Prunus salicina Linn.(γ=0.983 9),respectively.Comparatively,the weighting coefficient varied from 0.912 6 to 0.984 9 and the top three species were Prunus davidiana Carr.(γ=0.984 9),Prunus salicina Linn.(γ=0.983 9) and Cephalotaxus sinensis Li.(γ=0.983 7),respectively.Clerodendrum trichotomum Thunb.performed the poorest property compared to the rest species based on both methods.For the 23 plant species,the results of the two ranking methods were highly significantly(P0.01) correlated with a correlation coefficient of 0.998.Our results also demonstrated that the 9 evaluation indicators generally reflected the NFBP property and that the equal-weight grey system analysis could be directly used for NFBP evaluation and screening.


2,4-di(5-methoxy-2-thiazoyl)pyridine(MTP)was synthesized by 2,4-pyridyl dicarboxylic acid and characterized by IR,NMR and MS.A ratiometric fluorescence probe of pH(ranged from 1to 6based on the dual-emission of MTP)and Ag+was observed for MTP.


The buffer capacities and the characters of five types of red soils, which are originated from different materials in the subtropical area of Hunan Province, is compared through experiments. It shows that differences of the buffer capacities (BC) and acid damage capacities (ADC)exist among those soils while the soil buffer processes are similar. The relative order of the BC and ADC of those soils are proposed as follows: slate red soillimestone red soil granite red soil sandstone red soil quaternary red soil. According to the classified sensitivity degrees, three of those soils belonged to sensitive soils and the other two are extremely sensitive ones. Such study provides scientific proof for controlling the acid soils and for choosing the key harnessing acidic area.


The latest wildfires around the globe are evidence of growing global temperatures that are a threat to infrastructure resilience. Wildfires are exacerbated by drought and parched conditions, disease, dry lightning and increased interaction between humans and forests leading to accidental as well as purposeful ignition.


Epitopes of an intact antigen that elicit potent T cell activation are classified as immunodominant epitopes. By contrast, epitopes that fail to trigger a T cell response, but can bind to class II, are called cryptic epitopes. HLA-DM (DM), an important regulator of antigen presentation, determines the immunodominant and cryptic fate of epitopes. Notably, however, we previously reported that DM interacts weakly with HLA-DQ2 (DQ2), a genetic risk factor for celiac disease (CD). Here, using the T x B hybrid cell line, T2, transfected with DQ2 with or without higher than physiological levels of DM, we have investigated the contribution of DM in the presentation of different gliadin epitopes (VII). The presentation of digested gluten requires internal processing and was dramatically inhibited when APCs were fixed. Cells lacking DM efficiently presented all four epitopes to gliadin-specific T cells. Interestingly, cells expressing DM were significantly compromised in their ability to display the above epitopes despite the higher level of surface DQ2 in DM+ cells. We conclude that all fourgliadin peptides were DM-suppressed epitopes. We hypothesize that in vivo the inefficient interaction between DQ2 and DM influences the fate of these epitopes, changing them from cryptic to immunodominant, and inducing a gliadin-specific immune response in CD patients expressing the DQ2 allele.


There is no available petrogenic chronology data at present for the Bai′e granitic pluton,which is located in the Yushan metallogenic belt of South Jiangxi,This paper firstly attained its two groups of petrogenic ages,(174.1±5.4) Ma and(152.4±1.4) Ma by means of the Laser Ablation-Multicollector Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry(LA-MC-ICPMS) method,which shows that it had experienced two periods of tectonic-magmatic activity at intervals of 22 Ma.The former occurred in the second stage(170-180 Ma) of the early Yanshanian era,while the latter occurred in the third stage(150-165 Ma).Combining obtained achievements,the author considers the forming of the Bai′e granitic pluton to be related to lithosphere extension and partial melting of the continental crust resulting from crust-mantle interaction after Indosinian orogeny.Both of the magmatic activities occurred within the stages of large-scale metallogeny in southern China,which indicates their favorable ore prospecting perspective.The second time of tectonic-magmatic activity points to more potential in metallogeny due to the contribution of peak metallogeny in the Nanling area,especially that of W and Sn in southern Jiangxi.Additionally,the Bai′e granitic pluton may have experienced Indosinian magmatic activity according to information from other plutons in the Yushan metallogenic belt.


This paper describes the Transportation Research Board Committee on Pavement Monitoring, Evaluation, and Data Storage, which is concerned with data-gathering and processing issues in support of the other committees in the Section on Pavement Management. In this role, the committee focuses on means for documenting pavement responses to both traffic and the environment. For purposes of this committee, evaluation of such data is limited to interpretation for enhancing design and management decisions. Data storage issues are addressed as they relate to facilitating the use of such data in responding to inquiries on pavement issues. Primary focus is on the need to upgrade data acquisition and processing technology for the monitoring of pavement condition, which has not kept pace with other technological improvements over the past 10 years.


Objective To report our experience in repairing defected finger tips with free true skin graft with subcutaneous vascular network, and to verify the indication and clinical therapeutic effectiveness. Method Free skin graf, comparable in size with the wound with the subcutaneous vascular network retained, is taken from the medial part of the upper arm The wound on the finger tip was derided first, In cases the ossa digitorum manus and the muscle tendon are exposed, they are covered with soft tissue or part of the bone cortex is removed prior to primary repair with vascularized full thickness free skin graft. 25 cases of finger tip defects with wound areas ranging 1.0-3.0cm~(2) during the period 1997-1998 were reviewed. Results All of the skin grafts remained alive with satisfactory contour during the follow-ups for the period from 4 months to 1 year. The quality of the skin grafts as well as the sensation and the function of the repaired finger were all satisfactory. Conclusions This technique has a wide range of indications, especially in repairing finger tip defects where the wound area is relatively large. The surgical operation is simple and the function of the Tepaired finger can be greatly recovered.


Mung bean starch acetate has been successfully produced with transesterification reaction of the starch under microwave assistance using vinyl acetate (VAC) as esterifying agent and potassium carbonate (K2CO3) as a catalyst. Various concentration of potassium carbonate (0–0.117 mmoleq/AGU) was resulted in starch acetate with increased mood of the degree of substitution (DS = 0.003–0.27) in a short time. An increase in the degree of substitution, resulting in increase of the peak intensity of ester carbonyl group (CO) at 1742 cm−1, which was further proved by FTIR. Obvious change in the starch granules morphology, increasing in the hyrophilicity and decreasing in the temperature and enthalpy of gelatinization were noticed accordingly to the degree of the starch modification. The X-ray pattern of native starch was A type, with similar pattern in modified derivatives.


The goal of this paper is to implement the ORB-SLAM3 algorithm on underwater vehicles and evaluate its performance in the underwater environment. We tested the ORB-SLAM3 algorithm using the AQUALOC dataset, which is recorded in different underwater environments close to the seabed by ROVs. Additionally, we built an experimental platform based on the BlueROV2 equipped with a mono-camera and an inertial measurement unit (IMU). We calibrated the mono-camera based on a pinhole camera model and ran the ORB-SLAM3 algorithm with limited perceptional possibilities BlueROV2's sensors provide. The experiment shows that the visual-only module of the ORB-SLAM3 can effectively locate the underwater vehicle in structured areas, and its visual-inertial module can locate the ROV well even in unstructured areas.


Multiple-burner induction-heating cooking appliances are suitable for using multiple-output inverters. Some common approaches use several single-output inverters or a single-output inverter multiplexing the loads along the time periodically. By specifying a two-output series-resonant high-frequency inverter, a new inverter is obtained fulfilling the requirements. The synthesized converter can be considered as a two-output extension of a full-bridge topology. It allows the control of the two outputs, simultaneously and independently, up to their rated powers saving component count compared with the two-converter solution and providing a higher utilization of electronics. To verify theoretical predictions, the proposed converter is designed and tested experimentally in an induction-heating appliance prototype. A fixed-frequency control strategy is digitally implemented with good final performances for the application, including ZVS operation for active devices and a quick heating function. Although the work is focused on low-power induction heating, it can be probably useful for other power electronic applications.


A fun ride vehicle (10) comprising: a first track (12) having a pending release (24) of the first track; a second track (14) adjacent to the first track at least a first location, the second track a second launch incline (26) of the second track; a first vehicle (20) capable of movement along the first track; a second vehicle (18) capable of movement along the second track; a first elevator (36) to elevate the vehicle on the first vehicle launch incline of the first track; one second elevator (38) to raise the vehicle second vehicle on the slope of the second track pitch; and characterized by: a controller (50) attached to and controls the first and second vehicle lifts (36, 38), the controller having means for adjusting launching of the first vehicle (20) relative to the second vehicle (18), based on at least one vehicle weight, and vehicle performance in previous tours on the first and second tracks.


Abstract : Intracranial surgical procedures for cerebrovascular occlusive disease have become feasible with the development of microvascular surgical techniques. This study assessed the ability of microanastomosis of the superficial temporal cortical artery to augment cerebral blood flow after clip occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in the dog. A variable degree of flow depression and consistent disruption of the blood-brain barrier occurred after occlusion. Augmentation of cerebral blood flow after anastomosis was associated with widening of the hysteresis loop obtained on autoregulatory testing but was unrelated to the degree of clinical recovery.


Functionalised carbon nanotubes ( f - MWCNTs), derived from Multiwalled c arbon nanotubes ( MWCNTs) was synthesized and examined their cytotoxicity effect in drug release applications. MWCNTs were synthesized by chemical v apor deposition over Fe - MCM - 41 molecular sieves using acetylene as a carbon source. They were characterized by XRD , FT - IR, RAMAN, SEM, TEM and functionalized using H 2 SO 4 :HNO 3 mixtures. The MWCNTs and f - MWCNTs were tested for "invitro" MTT assay on culture d CT3 cells at different concentrations ( 0 , 5, 10 , 15 and 20 mg/ml) for 12 - 72 hrs. The results conf i rmed that f MWCNTs were less toxic than MWCNTs. This observation suggests the applicability of f - MWCNTs in drug release applications. For the treatment of H yperlipidemia and cholesterol control , f - MWCNTs could be novel potential materials.


The sanitation has become a major issue in Yogyakarta because of high contamination
of well water by domestic wastewater. The Government of Yogyakarta City has built
Communal WWTP using the DEWATS to treat domestic wastewater. In the implementation,
most of the Communal WWTP are not utilized properly even though the Government of
Yogyakarta City has conducted community capacity building. The purposes of this study are to
analyze the condition of Communal WWTP currently in the study area, to determine to what
extent the improvements of community capacity of Communal WWTP from community
capacity building process for self-management of Communal WWTP, to identify barrier in
community capacity building, to develop an indicator framework that contributed to community
capacity and to come up with strategies for improvement of community capacity to support
Communal WWTP sustainability.
Study areas of this research are Pandeyan and Pakuncen village as Communal WWTP
sample built by Environment Agency in 2005, as well as the village of Prawirodirjan and
Rejowinangun included in the Regional Settlement and Infrastructure Agency program of
Communal WWTP in 2010. This research uses qualitative method with case study and
participatory approach and descriptive analysis to describe existing condition of Communal
WWTP in study area. Laverack (2002) method is used to assess community capacity
improvement from Communal WWTP program. Methods of data collection are reviewing
documents, semi-structured interview and observation.
The results shows that in general Communal WWTP in the study area is able to treat
domestic wastewater. In the assessment of community capacity, both of Rejowinangun and
Pandeyan village ,capacity improvement occur in every domain of community capacity. While,
in the village of Pakuncen and Prawirodirjan, the capacity still needs to be improved due to the
lack of monitoring and outreaching. The indicators which affect the process of community
capacity building are economy issue, internal agent, women empowerment, role of government
and follow up. Some strategies could be proposed for community capacity building
improvement namely, identifying existing community capacities with capacity assessment,
determine short term and long term objective, local facilitator recruitment, linkages
establishment between stakeholder, developing information systems, perform support and the
monitoring of community capacity change.


The Babitonga Bay is an important subtropical estuary located in a Brazilian southern coast. There are governmental initiatives to transform this region in a Marine Protected Area (MPA). However there are few studies focused on fishes' assemblages. To assess the demersal fishes' assemblages, the main axis from Babitonga Bay was seasonally (summer, fall, winter and spring) sampled by 18 tows with otter trawl in three different sectors, inner, middle and outer from October 2007 to August 2008. A total of 122,909 individuals from 29 families and 73 species were caught. The families with the greatest species richness were Sciaenidae (16 species) and Carangidae (6). Stellifer rastrifer , Cathorops spixii , Stellifer stellifer and Pellona harroweri are the dominant species (92.83% of the total abundance). Considering the fish biomass, 1,8 tons were captured. Sciaenidae (64.19%) and Ariidae (28.28%) families dominated. Stellifer rastrifer (60.50%) and Cathorops spixii (26.54%) are the species which more contributed to the total weight. PERMANOVA (permutational ANOVA) analysis indicated significant differences (p-value <0,05) for sectors and seasons. Using Spearman's coefficient of 0.4 Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates (CAP) indicated that P. paru , C. leiarchus and C. edentulus were correlated to the fall samples, while G. Genidens , M. Furnieri and L. Levigatus to the summer and spring samples. C. bleekerianus and T. lepturus were correlated to the outer sector, G. Genidens and C. spixii to the inner sector and to middle sector P. Brasiliensis and S. rastrifer had the biggest influence. Dissolved oxygen, temperature and salinity respectively were selected by the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) as the most important environmental variables to describe the variability patterns. Temperature is most related to summer samples, while the bottom salinity is related to winter samples and OD to Spring samples. Demersal fishes of Babitonga Bay showed a greater species richness and lower abundance in the outer sector and higher abundance in the middle sector. The higher dominance of few species is expected to estuarine systems and it was corroborated in this study.


Pain at the upper extremity is similarly frequent like in the shoulder-region, also combined regularly. The patients often impaired strongly. In this contribution, manual-medical syndromes are described, that partially fit into existing ideas like epicondylopathy, but also represents independent entities. Typical manual-medical findings are represented on the basis of main symptoms. The differential-diagnostic delimitation, particularly to the neurological and orthopedic syndromes, is outlined extensively. The proposed manual-medical-osteopathic approach makes differential-diagnostic considerations possible beyond compression of peripheral nerves, bone or joint associated illnesses or circulatory disorders. It offers the possibility to an effective functional treatment-planning and could possibly replace invasive intervention in particular cases.


Ultrahigh-energy string scattering is investigated to clarify the relative role of string and gravitational effects, and their possible contributions to nonlocal behavior. Different regimes can be characterized by varying the impact parameter at fixed energy. In the regime where momentum transfers reach the string scale, string effects appear subdominant to higher-loop gravitational processes, approximated via the eikonal. At smaller impact parameters, "diffractive" or "tidal" string excitation leads to processes dominated by highly excited strings. However, new evidence is presented that these excitation effects do not play a direct role in black-hole formation, which corresponds to the breakdown of gravitational perturbation theory and appears to dominate at sufficiently small impact parameters. The estimated amplitudes violate expected bounds on high-energy behavior for local theories.


The heat dissipation performance of avionics is affected in an acceleration environment if the avionics utilize liquid as heat dissipation work media.In an acceleration environment,flow and heat transfer characteristics of ethylene glycol solution of 30%(volume concentration) in a rectangular microchannel are investigated by Finite volume method(FVM).The effect of magnitude and direction of acceleration on flow and heat transfer in the microchannel is studied.The effect of microchannel structure and work liquid flux on flow and heat transfer with acceleration is considered.It shows that compared with stable condition without acceleration,heat transfer in the microchannel dramatically declines whereas flow resistance coefficient rapidly rises during very short period of beginning.


2 psycholinguistic tasks, designed to assess speech imitation and speech comprehension abilities, were administered to 16 lower-class Negro children and 16 middle-class white children. The average age for the children in each group was 5 years. The study was carried out to discover whether gross environmental differences between the 2 groups would be reflected in their verbal performances. The children were tested for their control of 13 common syntactic structures. The results indicated that the middle-class white children's performance was superior to that of the lower-class Negro children, even when differences between their dialect and standard English were taken into consideration. Several possible sources of the group differences are examined.


An analysis of the comparative costs for reducing the sulfur content of current unleaded gasoline supplies in the U.S. to avoid sulfate pollution in use with three-way exhaust-gas catalysts, indicates that hydrodesulfurization of the fluid catalytic cracker (FCC) feed, which is mainly 316/sup 0/-538/sup 0/C straight-run gas oil containing 1000-4000 ppm sulfur, would cost a total of $3-$5 billion and would reduce the sulfur content of the product by 400-700 ppm. Hydrotreating of the heavy (intermediate) fraction of the FCC product gasoline to 1 ppm sulfur, followed by reforming to raise the octane rating, would cost about $48 million but would reduce total gasoline production by 5.Vertical Bar3<. Desulfurization of the 21/sup 0/-93/sup 0/C straight-run light naphtha fraction would cost $11 million, with no loss of gasoline production but with an over-all sulfur-content reduction of only 10-30 ppm. The cost of desulfurization is thus $0.04-$0.06/gal/1000 ppm sulfur reduction for the FCC feed or the FCC product gasoline, and $0.10-$0.30/gal/1000 ppm for the light naphtha. Finished unleaded gasoline with 200 ppm sulfur should be obtainable from FCC gasoline for $3-$5 billion; a similar fuel with 100 ppm sulfur should be obtainable from FCC gasoline and light naphtha for $4-$6 billion.


This paper focuses upon the problem of a monopolist who has no control over the rate of arrivals into inventory and who ships his product to distant markets where the price per unit is a randomly shifting inverse function of the quantity shipped. It is assumed that the firm seeks to minimize its expected losses over a many-period horizon where the quantity shipped during any period is subject to last minute reconsideration.

Given certain assumptions about the cost and revenue functions and the level of inventory, it will be shown that the optimal shipping quantity is a linear function of the storage level and that the solution of the many-period nonstationary problem can be expressed in closed form.


Applied modular structure and multiple branching selecting structure techniques and made feasible improvement on the hardware and software design of an elevator model based on PLC,the former more customized to handson practice and the latter more flexible and expendable.


The multicomponent nonideal gas lattice Boltzmann model by Shan and Chen (S-C) can be used to simulate the immiscible fluid flow. In this paper, we show that the relaxation constant τ ≤ 1 is a necessary condition for the immiscible fluid flow in the S-C model. In a system with very complex boundary geometry, for 0.8 ≤ τ ≤ 1, the S-C model describes the immiscible flow quite well, and τ=1 is the best.