Bexagliflozin (bexa) is a potent and selective inhibitor of SGLT2. To demonstrate its effects in patients (pts) at increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events, pts with type 2 diabetes (T2D) ≥40 years old with HbA1c 7.5-11 % and eGFR ≥45 were enrolled in 1 of 3 groups: 1) established atherosclerotic CVD 2) heart failure (HF) or 3) ≥55 years with ≥2 CV risk factors. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c at wk 24. Secondary endpoints included change in SBP at 24 wks in pts with SBP ≥140 mmHg, weight loss at 48 wks in pts with BMI ≥25 kg/m2, and time to hospitalization for HF or CV death. MACE+ (CV death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or unstable angina) was tested in a non-inferiority analysis to demonstrate upper 95% CI Disclosure J.J.V. McMurray: Other Relationship; Self; AbbVie Inc., Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cardurion, GlaxoSmithKline plc., Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Theracos, Inc. M.W. Freeman: Research Support; Self; Theracos, Inc. J. Massaro: Consultant; Self; Theracos, Inc. S. Solomon: Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca, Theracos, Inc. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Theracos, Inc. P. Lock: None. M.C. Riddle: Consultant; Self; ADOCIA, Dance Biopharm Holdings, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline plc., Sanofi US, Theracos, Inc. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk Inc. E. Lewis: Consultant; Self; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Research Support; Self; Amgen, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Theracos, Inc. Y.C. Halvorsen: Research Support; Self; Theracos, Inc.


The electrical resistance measurement provides us with information on the most fundamental and important quantities in low temperature physics and engineering, such as, temperature and materials characteristics. A typical example may be the measurement on superconductors. The present paper discusses the general aspect of the electrical resistance measurement.


Cyclohexanedione herbicides using acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase(ACCase) or 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase(HPPD) as the target enzyme have become the promising new class of herbicides owing to their unique mode of action, safety, high activity and low toxicity. This paper has reviewed the recent advances on the herbicidal activity of cyclohexanedione derivatives classified by their different target enzymes and the future development is proposed.


The opening of the new sea-route accelerated the primitive accumulation of capital in Western Europe, led to the commercial revolution and reform of economic policies in west European countries and promoted the collapse of feudality and the development of capitalism.


A previous corpus-based study suggests that the uses of the verbs llegar a ser, ponerse, volverse, quedarse, convertirse, trartsformarse, and hacerse are not mutually exclusive. However, the corpus study has several drawbacks. A questionnaire was developed to address some of the problems inherent in the corpus analysis. Spanish speakers were asked to choose between the seven change of state verbs in order to complete a series of sentences appearing in specific semantic/syntactic contexts. The results of the questionnaire agree with the corpus study, and indicate a high degree of overlap in the uses of each verb.


Objective: To explore the effect of chemical components in Houttuynia cordata on the blocking of N-nitrosation reaction. Methods: UV-visible spectrum and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methods were used to determine the chemical components including flavonoids, vitamin C, polyphenols, polysaccharides and 2-undecenal in Houttuynia cordata for exploring their blocking capabilities to N-nitrosation reaction. Results: The contents of chemical components in Houttuynia cordata from different areas did not exhibit an obvious difference. Although the content of total sugar exhibited an increase trend, other chemical components exhibited a declined trend during the extension of drying time. The contents of vitamin C, flavonoids and total polyphenols were positively correlated with the blocking rate of N-nitrosation reaction. However, the contents of 2-undecenal and total sugar had no correlation with the blocking rate. Conclusion: Houttuynia cordata can prevent human endogenous nitro-compound synthesis. The major components for influencing N-nitrosation reaction were flavonoids, vitamin C and polyphenols.


Zincated metallocenes, prepared fom 1,1'-dilithioferrocene and 1,1'-dilithioruthenocene by treatment with anhydrous zinc chloride, have been coupled with 1,8-diiodonaphthalene in the presence of a palladium (O)catalyst. These reactions lead to oligomeric or low molecular weight polymeric metallocenes in which the separate metallocenes units are held proximate and face-to-face by the bridging peri-substituted naphthalene rings


This paper presents the adaptation of multirate Kalman filter to the multi sensor data fusion problem. Sensors operating at different resolutions and having different blurs observe the same phenomenon. The observations are modeled as the output of the analysis branches of a nonuniform filter bank with subband noise added to each branch. Multirate Kalman filter is used for obtaining minimum mean square error estimate from each sensor observation. The estimates weighted by the errror covariances in a specified way are then fused. Simultation results show an improvement in the SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) performance with the additional sensor data. The additional sensor observations even at lower resolution, improves the over all estimate considerably. I. INTRODUCTION


Background: An unusual disease syndrome of weaned (6-12 week old) piglets was identified in several "high health" herds in 1991 in western Canada and was first reported to the swine community in 1997 and 1998. The syndrome, now known by the acronym of porcine postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), is characterized by a constellation of clinical signs including progressive weight loss, jaundice and mortality rates of 10-40%. Initially, the syndrome was attributed to PRRS virus infection but all attempts to recover PRRS from these herds were unsuccessful and affected pigs were seronegative to known PRRS antigens. Gross manifestations of PMWS such as generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatitis, nephritis and pneumonia were most severe in weanling pigs. Any, all or none of these signs can be present in individual pigs within an age-matched group of affected animals. Histologically, the hallmark changes are systemic angiocentric granulomatous inflammation with syncytial giant cells and prominent, intracytoplasmic basophilic inclusion bodies in phagocytic cells. The etiologic agent has been identified as a porcine circovirus (PCV) with two known variants, an avirulent PCV-1 and a virulent PCV-2.


This paper presents a scalable 256-element Ku-band dual-polarized phased-Array SATCOM receiver. The array elements are spaced $\pmb{\lambda/2}$ apart at 12.25 GHz in the x and y directions. This phased array uses 64 silicon quad-core receive chips with 8 channels to feed a dual-polarized 2×2 quad antennas. Those silicon core-chip are QFN packaged and soldered directly on a 12-layer low-cost printed circuit board with integrated stacked patch antennas and Wilkinson combiners. The measured patterns of the 256-element phased-array show near-ideal patterns with a scan range of $\pmb{\pm 70^{\circ}}$ in E- and H-planes and low sidelobes. This array has a 3-dB instantaneous scanning bandwidth of 10.6-12.5 GHz. The design achieves a low cross polarization $\pmb{ < -27\mathrm{dB}}$ over a wide scan range of $\pmb{\pm 70^{\circ}}$ and it is scalable to allow large-scale phased-arrays construction of 1024 elements or larger. To our knowledge, this represents state-of-the art in Ku-band receive phased-arrays in terms of integration level. The array compact size of (19.7 cm x 22 cm) makes it suitable for a low-cost mobile Ku-band SATCOM terminal.


In this paper we present a new simple and efficient method for real-time automatic detecting and deleting blurry pictures while they are stored in digital cameras. Many digital cameras are equipped with auto-focusing and motion compensation functions to help the users take well-focused pictures. However, digital images can be degraded by limited contrast, inappropriate exposure, imperfection of autofocusing or motion compensating devices, limited knowledge of amateur photographers, and so on. In order to detect blurry images immediately after taking the pictures by digital cameras and delete them a reliable tool for image quality estimation is needed. This paper presents a new tool for automatic blurry pictures detection and deletion in digital cameras. The main conception used for this tool is the ratio value between a pre- and original images. The algorithm is also based on the prediction-error variance, and demonstrates its feasibility by using extensive experiments. This method is fast, easy to implement and accurate. Regardless of the detection accuracy, the proposed tool in this paper is not demanding on computation time.


The labour laws enacted in India is categorized as per the labour force working in Indian commercial Institutions. The less protection provided for revolutionary thoughts in their minds. On the other side, high protection provided to them can generate the situation of labour rigidness that results in less fruitful labourers and ultimately affects the nation's economy. A thorough analysis of the labour laws is required from time to time in order to understand the problems faced by the workers and for this, regular visit to the work fields of them is of utmost importance.


There is a considerable scope for developing hybrids in chillies. Impact of indigenously developed chilli hybrids was assessed for the major yield determining traits viz; number of fruits, fruit weight, pericarp weight, seed weight, fruit length, fruit width and fresh fruit yield. Difference among the genotypes was observed to be significant for all the traits. The indigenous chilli hybrids HYB-5 (36.69 t/ha) and HYB-1 (36.17 t/ha) contributed maximum green fruit yield as compared to the commercial hybrid 222-HYB (28.42 t/ha) and the local varieties [Tatapuri (16 t/ha) and Lounghi (4.60 t/ha)]. The traits like number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit weight, pericarp weight and fresh fruit yield not only exhibited high PCV and GCV values but also high worth of heritability in broad sense (86% to 99%) and high genetic advance (32.85% to 60.66%) which signified the existence of large variability, with the least involvement of the environmental factors on the expression of these traits which may be utilized through selection for better improvement. Moreover, the correlations (genotypic) were generally higher than the correlations at phenotypic basis. Fruit length, number of fruits per plants, pericarp weight and fruit weight were positively and significantly correlated to fresh fruit yield. This, in other, words signposted the involvement of additive gene action in the manifestation of these characters and can perform well to selection after establishing a meaningful correlation with fresh fruit yield. However, a nonsignificant correlation existed between fresh fruit yield and seed weight.


Strength properties' tests are conducted in the small clear sample. This paper aim to acquire the basic and grade stresses of some fast growing species thus identifies its strength group. Thus, the information of wood properties from different species and condition are acquired from strength property's test. The required information namely, bending parallel to the grain, compression stress parallel to grain, shear parallel to grain and modulus of elasticity. The condition of the trees which is referred to green and air-dry condition. Three different species which are referred to exotic species of Acacia mangium and indigenous species of Aras. The results from the study indicated that, Acacia mangium classified under the strength group SG5, whilst Aras was classified under the strength group SG7. The timber is of medium density Light Harwood ranging from 0.37-0.52g/cm3 air-dry condition.


A comparison of key parameters of seven different gel electrolytes for use in electrochromic devices (ECD) is reported. The ionic conductivity, transmittance, and stability of the gel electrolytes are important considerations for smart window applications. The gel electrolytes were prepared by combining polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with a salt and a solvent combination. Two different salts, lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) and trifluorosulfonimide (LiN(CF3SO2)2), and three solvent combinations, acetonitrile and propylene carbonate (ACN and PC), ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate (EC and PC), and Gamma-butyrolactone and propylene carbonate (GBL and PC) were investigated. Results show that gel electrolytes composed of a LiClO4 and GBL+PC combination and a LiClO4 and EC+PC combination are the best candidates for a smart window device based on its high conductivity over time and various temperatures, as well as its electrochemical stability and high transmittance.


This paper develops a model of noncooperative network formation. Link formation is two-sided. Information flow is two-way. The paper is based on Bala and Goyal (2000) with the following difference in assumption: the value of information decays as it flows through each agent, and the decay is increasing and concave in the number of his links. Thus, an agent may choose to avoid accessing an agent who possess many links since he is aware of the decay incurred through this agent. This avoidance leads to two particular results in the analysis of Nash networks: (1) Nash networks are not always connected; (2) Nash networks do not exist under some parameters. Since disconnectedness is reminiscent of a common feature of real-world network, the model may explain why real-world networks may exhibit this feature even when there is no heterogeneity among agents. Discussion on this insight is provided.


It is accepted knowledge today that repeated intoxication with organic solvents damages the central nervous system and causes persistent psycho‐organic symptoms. That long‐term but low‐level occupational exposure — typical of painters and other blue‐collar workers — can also induce such disorders has not generally been recognized. The present epidemiological study was undertaken to evaluate the possible neuropsychiatric effects of such exposure. 80 laquerers exposed to a mixture of industrial solvents (average hygienic effect 0.3) and 37 printers exposed almost only to toluene (average hygienic effect 1.0) were compared with a control group of 80 age‐matched non‐exposed subjects. In psychiatric inteviews, the painters showed more mental symptoms. Fatigue, nervousness and lack of manual dexterity were most important and formed a typical neurasthenic syndrome. A general decrease in conduction velocity and action potential amplitude was also observed for the peripheral nerves. The printers showed a large decrease of the nerve action potential amplitude only for the sural nerve. No EEG abnormalities were found. Nor could any increase in mental symptoms be detected through psychiatric interviews compared to the controls. The results are interpreted as evidence for a CNS affection with consequent neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms after long‐term occupational expo‐sure to mixtures of industrial solvents below the current threshold limit values (TLV) but not after exposure to a single substance like toluene at about the TLV. The differential effects may be explained by synergistic amplification of the toxicity of solvent mixtures.


In this paper I study the portrayal of Jean de Meun in Arsenal 3339, an early fifteenth-century manuscript collection in which the Rose precedes Jean's Testament, Codicille, and Tresor ou Sept articles de la foi. I marshal manuscript evidence to show how the person who masterminded the production of Arsenal 3339 refuted certain of the reproaches leveled against Jean de Meun in the 1401–1403 Debate about the Roman de la Rose. They were, in effect, that he had erred on key theological points and had moreover employed questionable instructional methods. Although the Arsenal mastermind, whom I provisionally identify as its compiler, objects to the way that Jean as Rose author had portrayed himself by means of a negative persona, Jean "Clopinel," which can be roughly translated as "Jean who limps," he nevertheless declines to join with Jean Gerson and Christine de Pizan to consign the book to the flames. I make the case that the compiler was an early fifteenth-century reader exceptionally well versed in the Rose, the Debate documents, and Gerson's sermons, who, by expertly designing the collection, seeks to rehabilitate Jean's professional reputation in response to criticisms lodged by his detractors in the Debate.


Abstract We have all read the dire statistics where most IS-related projects are late, over budget, lacking in functionality, or never delivered. Requirements drive the development process. Effective requirements management helps control quality, cost, organization, and schedule, thus substantially improving the odds of a successful project. This issue's look at requirements planning begins with a thorough overview of the requirements management process.


The Santa Montanha's Sanctuary originated from narratives about Saint Mary's apparitions, based on reports of three children from a small village located on the countryside of Minas Gerais state. These reports started a process of creating a symbolic world, where many elements have emerged and were aggregated continuously. This religious world was built by the people living in the surroundings of the village, who left their homes and formed a new community, creating a world/cosmos ruled directly by Saint Mary and Baby Jesus themselves.
The history of the Sactuary is related to important events in the nineties sixties, like the Second Vatican Council and the Brazilian military dictatorship.


For the past three years, since President Jokowi took up the office, Indonesia has been emphasizing its ambitious goal to transform the nation into a global maritime fulcrum and have been developing some projects and initiatives to achieve it. To transform Indonesia into the world maritime fulcrum was set to become the objective of the government. This paper discusses Indonesian policy regarding maritime, including the country's stance, strategy, and proposed actions resulted from the statutory regulations. It also analyzes whether the policy passed suffices the requirements to become the maritime fulcrum or not. The study uses a descriptive approach by reviewing and analyzing some of relevant statutory regulations relating to maritime affairs literature as the sources. It also reviews and examines the proposed actions in the regulations. This process draws the conclusion whether the country regulates sufficient policy or not and proposes strategy to achieve it. The results show that in order to achieve the world maritime axis, it has to regulate a comprehensive policy and law on maritime affairs which includes monitoring and evaluation from time to time to ensure the strategy and projects implemented effectively. Finally, this paper highlights the challenges and provides some recommendations to be considered to implement. Keywords–Maritime policy, Maritime law, Global maritime axis, Archipelagic nation


Said and Dickey (1984, Biometrika 71, 599–608) and Phillips and Perron (1988, Biometrika 75, 335–346) have derived unit root tests that have asymptotic distributions free of nuisance parameters under very general maintained models. Under models as general as those assumed by these authors, the size of the unit root test procedures will converge to one, not the size under the asymptotic distribution. Solving this problem requires restricting attention to a model that is small, in a topological sense, relative to the original. Sufficient conditions for solving the asymptotic size problem yield some suggestions for improving finite-sample size performance of standard tests.


Policy-makers have a critical role to play in transforming our food system to enable a sustainable future for our growing global population.1,2 Food production and consumption practices must shift to feed nearly 10 billion people by 2050 while respecting planetary boundaries and promoting human health.2 This requires a whole-of-system approach, including evidence-based policy to shift diet-related practice at the population level. This research aims to translate existing literature into practical terms for policy-makers by presenting a set of specific healthy and environmentally sustainable diet-related practices (Figure 1).


ABSTRACT Although vocational education and training (VET) is often sidelined in policy debates about innovation and how to promote it, some research and theory highlights ways the sector does contribute. VET can be, for example, positioned as an instrument of 'knowledge diffusion' and thereby an active element in so-called 'innovation systems'. But the role of work placement students in the overall contribution of VET to innovation has not been directly considered. This paper presents research into the possibility that VET placement students may indeed play such a role. This qualitative project involving an exploratory phase and four case studies indicates that placement students can, in some circumstances, play a discernible role in knowledge diffusion. The research also suggests that there are cases where students can play a direct role in small-scale innovation in the practice of organisations. At the same time, the research suggests employers, training provider staff and students themselves are influenced by stereotypes that may make it difficult to anticipate and acknowledge such innovation. With some work on stakeholder attitudes, it may be possible to tap into a hidden source of innovation.


Many problems can affect the efficiency of the face recognition such as illumination, posture, occlusion and so on, which can be summarized as the mixture of some linear and nonlinear interference factors. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a face recognition algorithm based on the Gabor wavelet, principal component analysis (PCA) and kernel PCA (KPCA). Specifically, bilinear interpolation is introduced to preprocess the original face database. Then, Gabor wavelets are used to extract the detailed features of the faces. The extracted Gabor features are dimensional reduced by two methods, respectively, they are: principal component analysis (PCA) plus linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and KPCA plus LDA. The two dimensional reduced features are then fused together with certain weights. All the experiments are based on the YALE face database and the ORL face database. The proposed algorithm can effectively improve the efficiency of face recognition in the complex environment.


Model SERVQUAL is widely used in the measurement of customer satisfaction has been popular. While, stillthere are many other models including the Kano Model. This model is also widely used in the field of qualitymanagement. In order to be able to identify the attributes of the better services that improve customersatisfaction levels, the integration model SERVQUAL and KANO's Model are used. The purpose of this study isto define the determine of strengths and weaknesses, as well as categorize the strengths and weaknesses of theservice quality of the logistics services providers This study found that the criteria for ranking service attributesby using the SERVQUAL model has a relationship with the Kano model. The model is illustrated through casestudies of services from the logistics service providers.


South Carolina, like other Southeastern States, is experiencing problems caused by excessive growth of submerged and emergent herbaceous aquatic macrophytes in lakes and streams. The primary problem is interference with boat travel, although water quality problems also occur. Six problem species have been introduced into the State from other continents. The distribution of the most abundant aquatic plants was mapped for 15 lakes and streams in the State in 1985 using a combination of remote sensing techniques and field surveys. In the 15 lakes and streams mapped, the areas most affected by aquatic macrophytes were the Cooper River, Back River Reservoir, Stevens Creek Reservoir, the Savannah River, and Lake Moultrie. The most abundant aquatic macrophytes were Brazilian elodea [Egeria densa), Smartweed [Polygonun dens!florin), Slender naiad [Nalas minor), Pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata), and Water Primrose CLudwigia uruguayensis). INTRODUCTION South Carolina, like other Southeastern States, is experiencing problems caused by excessive growth of submerged and emergent herbaceous aquatic macrophytes in lakes and streams. These aquatic macrophytes, often called aquatic plants or aquatic weeds, are non-woody plants larger than microscopic size that grow in water. Aquatic macrophytes may be free-floating or rooted in bottom sediment. The plants may be entirely submerged or may protrude from the water. The primary problem posed by these plants is interference with boat travel. Many boat launching areas, docks, river channels, and preferred fishing areas become overgrown with aquatic macrophytes in simmer, preventing or greatly hindering access by boat. Another problem associated with excessive growth of aquatic macrophytes is deterioration of water quality. Although the green parts of aquatic macrophytes produce oxygen through photosynthesis during daylight hours, this occurs primarily near or above the water surface. The oxygen-consuning process of respiration takes place throughout the plant, both day and night, and frequently causes depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water coliinn below the photosynthetic zone. Also, senescense and decay of the plants during hot weather in simmer and at the end of the growing season exerts an additional demand for dissolved oxygen. A significant fish kill in upper Lake Marion, South Carolina during August 1986 was apparently caused by movement of anoxic water from beneath aquatic macrophytes to an area where fish were congregated (Jim Bulak, South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, oral commun., May 1987). Other problems that have been attributed to excessive growth of aquatic macrophytes are stunting of fish growth and deterioration of aesthetics. Aquatic macrophytes are a natural part of aquatic ecosystems, especially where water is relatively shallow, clear, and warm. Macrophyte growth and sedimentation are the primary processes that are responsible for filling lakes and reservoirs. A moderate level of macrophyte growth is often considered beneficial to a lake or stream, providing cover and food for fish and other aquatic organisms upon which fish feed. Problems arise when the macrophyte growth becomes excessive. Several factors appear to contribute to the excessive growth of aquatic macrophytes in some lakes and streams of South Carolina (Harvey and others, 1987). One factor is the gradual decrease in the rate of sediment transport in recent years in many southeastern streams. Originally quite low during colonial times, the rate of sediment transport increased greatly during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries due to erosion related to farming practices in the Piedmont (Patterson and Cooney, 1986). During this period, growth of aquatic macrophytes was probably inhibited by turbidity-induced reductions in light penetration and by unstable substrates. A reduction in acreage of cropland since about 1920, along with improved farming practices and the construction of reservoirs, has begun to reduce the rate of sediment transport. This has resulted in reduced turbidity and greater light penetration in the water column, which has been accompanied by an increase in macrophyte growth, particularly in shallow areas. Another factor in the excessive growth of aquatic macrophytes is the introduction of exotic species of aquatic macrophytes into South Carolina. Many of these species have little competition and few native herbivores feed upon these plants. Some of the exotic aquatic macrophytes introduced into South Carolina lakes and streams are listed in table 1. One of the primary means of introduction of exotic macrophytes is the release of aquarium plants purchased commercially. Once introduced, plants rapidly spread to other water bodies by natural means and by transport of plant fragments on boats, motors, and trailers. Aquatic macrophytes can be controlled to some extent through the use of herbicides, biological control, mechanical harvesting, and water-level fluctuations; however, the control measures are expensive (S.C. Aquatic Plant Management Council, 1984). Surveys of the locations and extent of aquatic macrophyte problems in waters of the State, and of the species distribution within the problem areas are needed if State and local agencies are to make the most effective use of available control measures. Periodic surveys are also needed to determine the effectiveness of control programs and to monitor natural changes in the distribution of aquatic macrophytes. Table 1. Aquatic macrophytes introduced into South Carolina Common name Scientific name Origin Brazilian elodea Egeria densa South America Hydrilla Hydrilla verticillata Eurasia Slender naiad Najas minor Eurasia Parrot-feather Myriophyllum aquaticum South America Alligator-weed Alternanthera philoxeroides South America Water hyacinth Eichhornia spp. South and Central America Purpose and Scope The South Carolina Water Resources Commission, which is the lead agency on the South Carolina Aquatic Plant Management Council, and the U.S. Geological Survey began a cooperative investigation to survey aquatic macrophytes in State waters in 1985. The objectives of the investigation were to determine the areal extent of the significant aquatic macrophyte problems in the public waters of South Carolina, to determine the dominant species in the problem areas, and to document the information on maps that would assist the State and local agencies responsible for the management and control of aquatic macrophytes. The study involved field surveys by boat and remote sensing using aerial photography to map the aquatic macrophytes in 15 lakes and streams in South Carolina. This report presents the results of that investigation. Study areas By agreement among the U.S. Geological Survey, the South Carolina Water Resources Commission, and the South Carolina Aquatic Plant Management Council, 15 lakes and streams were selected for inclusion in this investigation. The lakes and streams selected were relatively large, publically-owned water bodies with significant aquatic plant problems. Certain public water bodies were excluded. State Park lakes were excluded because they were generally too small. Lake Marion, the water body with the best-known aquatic macrophyte problems in the State, was excluded because the distribution of aquatic macrophytes in that lake was being determined as part of the Santee-Cooper River Basin Water-Quality Study by the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (Welch and others, 1985; Welch and Remillard, 1986). The lakes and streams selected for inclusion in this study are listed in table 2 and their locations are shown in figure 1. Table 2. Lakes and streams included in the study Map reference number Lake or stream name Remark


Background For stage II colon cancer, understanding of high-risk factors (HRFs) that affect the overall survival (OS) and the benefit of chemotherapy is limited. Meanwhile, no stable predictor can effectively predict OS of stage II colon cancer to date. Our study is aimed to identify HRFs associated with OS of stage II colon cancer, to quantify the risk conferred by each HRF, and to evaluate OS benefit gained by chemotherapy. Meanwhile, we attempt to establish a nomogram model for stage II colon cancer. Methods The clinical variables of patients with stage II colon cancer between 2000 and 2018 were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to filtered out all the HRFs. We calculated the hazard ratios (HR) and evaluated the survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for each HRF and combinations of HRFs. Then, a nomogram model based on all HRFs was established and verified. Results A total of 39,103 patients with stage II colon cancer were included. T4b tumors were the highest risk for reduced OS [HR =2.821; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.949–4.082], mucin-producing tumors (HR =2.412; 95% CI: 1.326–4.388) the second, and lymph node (LN) examined less than 12 (HR =2.200; 95% CI: 1.786–2.710) the third. T4 tumors (HR =0.790; 95% CI: 0.542–1.151), poorly/undifferentiated tumors (HR =0.468; 95% CI: 0.237–0.924), and some combinations of HRFs containing either could benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Meanwhile, we established an effective nomogram model based on the identified HRFs. Conclusions The study has identified several novel HRFs for stage II colon cancer. Adjuvant chemotherapy has considerable OS benefit for stage II colon cancers with some specific HRFs, and treatment plans need to be individualized. Type and number of HRFs should be taken into consideration when recommending adjuvant chemotherapy. Our new nomogram model has better predictive ability and stability than the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage system of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system.


We make a systematic analytical study on the quantum interference properties of two typical energy configuration systems (i.e., Λ- and V-type) in rare-earth-ion-doped crystal with inhomogeneous broadening. We show that the destructive quantum interference exists in the Λ-type system for the weak control field, and can lead to a transparency window in the absorption spectrum, i.e., the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency. When the intensity of the control field is strong, the contribution of the quantum interference is negligibly small, the absorption doublet is mainly caused by the Autler–Townes splitting effect. For the V-type system, the transparency window opened in the absorption spectrum is due to the saturated absorption, and meanwhile, the quantum interference is constructive. The results obtained may have practical applications in solid-state all-optical quantum information processing and transformation.


Planar tilings with n-fold rotational symmetry (i.e., invariant by a rotation of angle 2π/n, see, e.g., Fig. 1) are commonly used to model the long range aperiodic order of quasicrystals. In this context, it is important to know which tilings are characterized only by local rules. Local rules are constraints on the way neighboor tiles can fit together. They aim to model finite-range energetic interactions which stabilize quasicrystals. They are said to be weak if they moreover allow the tilings to have small variations which do not affect the long range order.


We propose a method of approximation for the percentiles of the sample coefficient of variation based on the samples drawn from a normal population via Cornish-Fisher expansion. We derive the asymptotic expansion of the distribution of the sample coefficient of variation by using the normal approximation of the Chi-square variable and some useful expectation formulas. Finally, we observe the superiority of our result on the percentiles of the test statistic for one-sample problem by conducting Monte Carlo simulation under some selected parameters.


Twenty patients with end‐stage head and neck cancer, unresponsive to either acetaminophen with codeine or oxycodone hydrochloride, were placed on a four‐drug analgesic regimen consisting of methadone hydrochloride, Trilisate® or acetaminophen, a tricyclic antidepressant, and, in most cases, hydroxyzine. All drugs could be delivered through a feeding tube, making this regimen appropriate for dysphagic patients. The efficacy of this nonparenteral regimen was assessed by structured pretreatment and post‐treatment interviews that addressed pain intensity, activity, and sleep levels. All of the patients showed improvement in their pain levels and 16 of the 20 had a >50% improvement in all of their pain ratings (P<.01) that persisted until death (2 to 10 months later). Excellent results and ease of administration make this regimen a good choice for analgesia in terminal patients.


A considerable amount of progress has been made since the original studies on the lactogenic hormone of the anterior pituitary by Strieker and Greuter (1), Corner (2), and Nelson and Pfiffner (3, 4), toward an understanding of the physiology of milk secretion. These and other confirmatory studies were made on animals with intact hypophyses and thoroughly demonstrated the relation of the anterior lobe to the initiation of lactation. The ablation of the pituitary in lactating animals demonstrated the necessity of that gland for the maintenance of milk secretion. See Nelson (5) for a review of these studies. It was reasonable to suppose that the administration of lactogenic hormone to hypophysectomized animals would result in the initiation of lactation. However, the results of such studies have been conflicting. Lyons, Chaikoff and Reichert (6) and McPhail (7, 8) reported the initiation of lactation in hypophysectomized dogs, ferrets, and cats while Selye, Collip and Thomson (9) were unable to do so in the ...


In general, for essay topics you will be provided with starting points for references and information sources. You will then be required to write an essay describing the papers or book chapters you have read. You should include a clear and concise description of the topic, so that it is understandable by someone who has, for example, just completed CS612. The aim of the essay is then to demonstrate what you have found out and understood.


The article presents the study of the life cycle of three strains (Pk20j, Ch55 and Sv31j) of filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria Nostoccf. punctiforme Vauch. The wide distribution, high adaptation potential, tolerance to the artificial cultivation conditions, high growth rates and peculiar features of physiological and biochemical processes (propensity for oxygenate photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, etc.) make these microorganisms a convenient biotechnological object of research. Although Nostoc cf. punctiforme can find use in various fields of biotechnology, its life cycle is still poorly understood. The methods of the study were the pendent drop method and the microscope observation of bacterial cultures inoculated into fresh Gromov's medium No. 6. It was found that all the strains of cyanobacteria passed through several stages of development: the formation of hormogonia (status oscillatorioideus orsecondary hormogonia, day 2), the germination of hormogonia (statusoscillatorioideus, statuscylindrospermoideus and status anabaenoideus,days 2-5), the transition from filaments to colonies (status angulato-flexuosus, days 5-17), and the formation of colonies (status punctiforme, from day14 to more than a month; statussphaericus, status stratosus). The time of development in the laboratory heterogeneous population increases by 2-3 days as compared with the development of isolated hormogonia. The reproduction by secondary hormogonia can begin at any stage of the life cycle. Also, the three strains demonstrated different patterns of heterocyst formation. The obtained results indicate that cultivation conditions affect the life cycle of cyanobacteria and strains, isolated from different habitats, have intraspecific variability.


DURING World War II it was my good fortune to be stationed in the miniature, modern democracy of Iceland from April, 1944, until June, 1945. While there, besides performing the duties of intelligence officer for a Royal Canadian Air Force squadron stationed at Reykjavik, I also acted as liaison officer between the squadron personnel and the people of Iceland. This brought me into contact with numerous Icelandic people in various walks of life, from whom I learned a great deal about their customs and institutions. In fostering better relations between our servicemen and the Icelandic people, I conducted a number of tours to places of interest in and around Reykjavik. One place which the men most wanted to visit was the University of Iceland. We paid several visits to the university, as well as to some of the elementary and secondary schools in and near the city. At all times we found the educational authorities to be courteous and co-operative. From them we learned a great deal about the Icelandic educational system, and this information we supplemented by talking with Icelanders in every walk of life,' by reading various books and publications dealing with Iceland, and by our own observation. As we visited the schools of Iceland, we realized that America and Iceland have two things in common, namely, a deeply rooted faith in democracy and a firm belief in the power of education to improve human behavior. The people of Iceland are idealists, who have staked their very existence on the belief that the children of the nation are its greatest asset and that nothing is of greater moment than the proper care and education of the children. They consider that "all [youth] are to be given equal opportunities to live and learn.""2


Androgen excess disorders can be defined as those syndromes in which excessive androgenic signs and/or symptoms are present in women. The study of these disorders has been limited by the great number of possible patho-etiologies; by the complete absence of epidemiologic data; by the pau city of satisfactory animal models; by the scant avail ability of appropriate human tissue, in particular the adrenal cortex; and by the fact that the evaluation of symptoms usually occurs at a time well-removed from the initial onset of the hormonal perturbations. Nevertheless, significant strides have been made over the past decade in understanding these dis orders, particularly those of an inherited nature. In delineating future studies, it is most important that a working classification of androgen excess dis orders be used. The various etiologies can be di vided into those with a clear inherited pattern, those which are acquired, and those in which the exact nature is unclear. Currently inherited etiologies in clude the late-onset adrenal hyperplasias (LOAHs) and the syndromes of severe insulin resistance. While family studies and, frequently, molecular studies demonstrate a clear inherited pattern for these disorders, clinical differentiation from other less well-characterized syndromes remains a matter of severity Patients with 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) deficient LOAH demonstrate a 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) level 30 or 60 minutes after the administration of an IV bolus of an 1-24 adrenocorticotropic hor mone (ACTH) greater than 1000 ng/dl. However, a number of patients with androgen excess also dem onstrate stimulated 17-OHP levels above normal, although usually less than 1000 ng/dl. Some of these individuals may actually be carriers for the classic (or congenital) form of adrenal hyperplasia, who happen to also be hyperandrogenic. Another source of am biguity in the study of these disorders is evidenced by the difficulty in defining LOAH due to deficien cies of 11β-hydroxylase (11β-OH) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD). Some researchers have defined 11β-OH or 3β-HSD LOAH by an 11deoxycortisol or 11-deoxycortisol/cortisol, and a 17hydroxypregnenolone or 17-hydroxypregnenolone/ 17-OHP level following adrenal stimulation, respec tively, which is greater than two standard deviations of the control mean. However, based on experience with the much more clearly studied 21-OH deficient LOAH, other investigators, including ourselves, feel that the diagnosis of 11β-OH and 3β-HSD LOAH should be made when the post-stimulation level for the respective precursors is greater than 3to 6-fold the upper 95th percentile of controls. A more exact definition of disorders will arise only as molecular markers are used. A similar situation exists in defining the insulinresistant syndromes. While many patients with an drogen excess (including those with the polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS], androgenic tumors, and LOAH) demonstrate mild degrees of insulin resis tance, patients with the inherited syndrome demon strate much greater degrees of insulin resistance, which also results in the development of acrochordons and acanthosis nigricans. In our laboratory we have defined the hyperandrogenic-insulin resistance-acanthosis nigricans (HAIR-AN) syndrome in those patients presenting with androgen excess, acanthosis nigricans, and whose peak insulin level during a 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test is greater


This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of NO-carboxymethyl chitosan supplement on immune function of the broilers.The results showed that the diet with 0.1% NO-carboxymethyl chitosan could significantly increase the immune organ index compared to the diet with antibiotic(P0.05),and also present a rising tendency compared with the vacant control.Diet with 0.1% and 0.2% NO-carboxymethyl chitosan could improve leucocyte and lymphocyte counting significantly(P0.05).And supplement with NO-carboxymethyl chitosan could enhance the protective rates of broilers against experimental colibacillosis.The experiment suggested that NO-carboxymethyl chitosan could improve the immune function of broilers.


Wheeler diagrams provide a useful way to understand the temporal variations in a depositional system. Typically such diagrams are constructed by hand; the interpreter maps top and bottom of the strata on a cross-section and flattens the mapped events. This is laborious process in which information in X and Z (depth) is transformed to X and T (geologic time). In recent years automated Wheeler transforms were introduced in seismic interpretation. In such transforms 2D/3D seismic data is transformed into a 2D/3D Wheeler domains. Basically the Wheeler domain is a flattening of the seismic data along geologic time lines. In general seismic reflectors follow geologic time lines. A fully interpreted seismic volume, which can be achieved by auto-tracking hundreds of seismic horizons, is thus needed as input for the seismic Wheeler transform. In the construction of a conventional 2D Wheeler diagram, as well as in the automated 2D and 3D seismic Wheeler transform, valuable geologic information that is inherently present in the Z direction of the original data, is lost. We propose to put such information back in a 2D or 3D Wheeler diagram using a color overlay. The Z-value seems to be the obvious candidate for the 4th dimension in a Wheeler diagram. However, from an interpretation perspective we propose to use stratal thickness as a color-coded overlay. In the conventional Wheeler diagram stratal thickness can be computed directly from the mapped top and bottom interpretations. In the seismic Wheeler transform hundreds of geologic time lines exist, but there is no direct connection to top and bottom of the strata. Therefore, computing thickness requires an additional interpretation step in which the interval of interest is subdivided in stratal packages, or when possible, into systems tracts. We then compute the isochron thickness for these packages and display this attribute as the missing fourth dimension in the Wheeler diagram. As a result we can interpret how the accommodation space was filled over a relative geologic time period and we get a better insight into 3D depositional shifts. The benefits of this approach will be explained in a case study of the Pliocene interval of the southern North Sea.


This panel observed that women enter engineering out of a love of science and problem-solving, but often leave prematurely because of inflexible work options and slim promotion opportunities. In many countries, professional opportunities for women have opened up enormously over the course of the 20th century. But how much improvement has actually occurred and how has the situation changed for women engineers in particular? In the case of the United States, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has provided some illuminating numbers.


One exemplary multimode optical fiber includes a graded index glass core having a diameter in the range of 41 microns to 80 microns, a graded index having an alpha less than 2.04 and a maximum relative refractive index in the range between 0.6% and 1.8%. The cladding includes a depressed-index annular portion. The fiber has an overfilled bandwidth greater than 2.5 GHz-km at at least one wavelength between 1200 nm and 1700 nm.


Protein production by Aspergillus terreus GN1 grown on 1.0% alkali‐treated bagasse was studied under various cultural conditions. The maximum biomass protein content of 20.1% and protein recovery of 11.2% was obtained with an initial pH of 4.0, with 1/5 (v/v) inoculum in continuously shaken cultures grown for seven days. Protein content of the alkali‐treated bagasse was 3.0%. Highest crude protein percent also corresponded with highest carboxymethyl cellulase and filter paper enzyme activities.


Flea beetles (Podagrica spp.) have been a serious insect field pests of the family, Malvaceae or hibiscus crops most especially Okra in all growing nations. Field trial was conducted in the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria to determine their relative effectiveness of synthetic systemic insecticides in field management of Podagrica spp. insect pests of Okra. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and treatments consisted of two synthetic systemic insecticides: Dimethoate 40EC and Carbofuran 5G and control with no insecticide application. Early maturing Clemenson spineless Okra variety, Jokoso was used. The results showed that there were no significant (P > 0.05) effects on Flea beetles population before insecticide treatments at 14 and 28 Days after planting (DAP). There was also no significant effect of insecticide application on fresh pod and dry pod weight (kg/plot) at harvest. However, significant differences (P < 0.05) were obtained on Flea beetles population, number of infected plants (%), fresh pod quality/marketable pods (%) throughout the sampling periods after insecticide application and also on seed viability test after harvest (%). In general, insecticides treated okra plants performed better than the untreated ones with Carbofuran 5G treated plants having the best performance.


If you look up the definition of leader or leadership in several dictionaries, you will find a similar overall description of someone who leads, commands, or moves a group toward a goal. The newer, softer definitions include terms such as guide , influence , or inspire . Yet, although it is easy to find the "what" of leaders and leadership, it is difficult to find the "how" of leaders and leadership. How implies action, doing, effort, a process, a set of skills, a series of attributes. The good news is that the actions, skills, and attributes of effective leaders can be learned. The bad news is that the internal and external challenges that leaders face today may not be the ones to be faced in the future. So, will the actions, skills, and attributes of leaders be enough for tomorrow? In this Q&A, 4 experts with diverse backgrounds and leadership roles discuss leadership styles, leadership effectiveness, and mistakes leaders make. These individuals also provide advice for first-time leaders.

What is the most important skill that tomorrow's leaders will need?

Angie Morgan: Tomorrow's leader will need an open mind. Despite our country's current need for innovation, many individuals are resistant to change. I hear too often that when new ideas are presented, they are met with responses as to why those ideas won't work. After all, legacy is powerful: "The way we have always done things" has an amazing draw. I understand why this is. When I hear a seemingly off-the-wall idea, instinctually my response is to write it off or reject it. But more often than not, when I challenge myself to really listen and consider, I discover brilliance in new approaches.

As one example, one of my clients used to rely heavily on call centers, historically believing that to …


This research is aimed to develop supplementary speaking materials for fifth grade students. Belonging to educational research and development (R&D), this research employed a simplified six steps of Borg and Gall's model (1983). The six steps are as follow (1) conducting needs analysis, (2) constructing course grid, (3) developing course grid based on the combination of the 2006 Curriculum (KTSP) and the result of the needs analysis for young learners. The English speaking material was designed based on the principles of Language Curriculum Design proposed by Nation & Macalister (2010) and task-based language teaching proposed by Willis (2003) (4) the tryout of the course grid to the fifth grade students at SD Kanisius Ganjuran Bantul, (5) evaluation and revision of course grid by the experts, and (6) final product. The finding shows that the product relies much on pertaining KD of the 2006 Curriculum and the teacher expected that the students need to improve speaking skill since they have opportunity to speak English. English speaking materials are in line with student's wants who are young learners. The strengths of this product help students to improve their speaking skill especially the vocabularies, the language function used in spoken language. The tasks can fascinate the students on teaching and learning process of English lesson.


The componnds 2-(naphthyl)-5-(4-biphenylyl)-1,3,4oxadiazole (LNBD), 2-(4- metoxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4oxadiazole (MtPPD) were synthesized and also 1-(1- naphthyl)-2- (4-biphenylyl)-hydrazine and 1-(4-methoxypheryl)-2-phenylhydrazine which are the initial products in the production of the above-mentioned oxadiazoles. The spectral and scintillation characteristics of solutions of the substances LNBD, MtPPD, and PBD in toluene and polystyrene were studied. (auth)


With the rapid increase of computing power,the use of numerical simulation method of gas discharge process has become a hot spot. Numerical oscillation and numerical diffusion issues exist in solving hydrodynamic models derived from gas discharge theory,which belongs to convection- dominant equation. In this paper,the Galerkin weak form of weighted residual method is used to solve the model,and the streamer discharge process in a 10 mm rod- plate air gap is simulated. Simulation results show that the electron and positive ion's concentration in the streamer discharge process are both at the order of magnitude of 1016cm- 3,and negative ion's is at 1015cm- 3.Therefore,electron impact leads ionization,and the space charge has obvious distortion effect on electric field distribution.By this way the numerical oscillation and numerical diffusion are effectively eliminated.


We compared high frequency ventilation (HFV) to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) under normoxic and normocapnic condition in surfactant depleted rabbits with bilateral pneumothoraces. We hypothesized that lower airway pressures would be required with HFV under these conditions. We applied CMV and HFV in 8 anaesthetized rabbits with a prototype ventilator at frequencies of 30, 100,200, and 300 cycles/min. A positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) just below the pressure sufficient to open the air leak from the pneumothoraces was applied at all frequencies. Airway pressures, gas exchange, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure were recorded. Peak airway pressure decreased significantly from 2.50 to 2.10 kPa when the frequency of ventilation was increased from 30 to 300 cycleshnin. There were no significant changes in mean airway pressure, Pao2arterial pH, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure when HFV was compared to CMV. In conclusion, during HFV peak airway pressures measured at the mouth were decreased. Our ability to maintain adequate gas exchange in the face of ongoing pulmonary air leaks may reflect lower alveolar pressures. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1993; 16:354–357. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Language used in every advertisement should be able to catch the attention of the reader and motivate him to take immediate action. Despite the development of sophisticated non-verbal techniques, language continues to remain a powerful customer-catching tool. To evoke the desired responses advertisement use certain wordtriggers. These are used to bring about a close association of a particular quality or state with a particular product. The task of creating the language of advertisement is by no means an easy one. The ad maker has to stretch his creativity and fantasies the consumer goods. He has an almost unlimited scope for violating the rules and conventions of language to create advertisement literature. He may coin a telling phrase, an epigram or a rhyme to drive his message home but he must be conscious that his advertisement does not make false promise, exaggerate a claim or misinform the customer because they may lead to legal action. The present study focuses on the importance of language in advertisement. Objectives Of The Study • To study the importance of language in advertisement. • To study the various components of print advertisement. • To study the language characteristics of English advertisement.


The movements in oil prices are very complex and, therefore, seem to be unpredictable. However, one of the main challenges facing econometric models is to forecast such seemingly unpredictable economic series. Traditional linear structural models have not been promising when used for oil price forecasting. Although linear and nonlinear time series models have performed much better in forecasting oil prices, there is still room for improvement. If the data generating process is nonlinear, applying linear models could result in large forecast errors. Model specification in nonlinear modeling, however, can be very case dependent and time-consuming. In this paper, we model and forecast daily crude oil futures prices from 1983 to 2003, listed in NYMEX, applying ARIMA and GARCH models. We then test for chaos using embedding dimension, BDS(L), Lyapunov exponent, and neural networks tests. Finally, we set up a nonlinear and flexible ANN model to forecast the series. Since the test results indicate that crude oil futures prices follow a complex nonlinear dynamic process, we expect that the ANN model will improve forecasting accuracy. A comparison of the results of the forecasts among different models confirms that this is indeed the case.


Droughts make up a dominant reality and present until the present day with the same intensity the past, representing a social disaster since the seventeenth century. In the semiarid region of Northeast, droughts, while physical phenomenon constitutes a disaster of natural order. The impacts of semiaridez represent centuries, a framework of risk to its population. The lack of efficient management increases the risk of threats, falling directly in the process of social construction of risk, ie, the consequence of environmental degradation in the region is related to the dependence on natural resources, increasing deforestation, erosion and loss of soil fertility, siltation of waterways and desertification. The research literature is of order, organized through reference works, books of readings currents, articles and journals. The aim is to highlight the importance of knowledge of a risk event to encourage the development of appropriate strategies to prevent or minimize their negative impacts on the development of risk management. Among all vulnerabilities, vulnerability water was the most representative. Keywords : risk,vulnerability, semiarid


In this chapter, 60 reflection notes written by 20 students of continuing education for advisors in NAV are analysed. The research question is: What do the texts tell about the students' learning within the relationship between theory and practice? The intention of the chapter is to shed light on how the writing activity affects the students' thinking about their practice. The analysis follows two axes: on the one hand, the level of learning found in the texts is examined – how the learning is expressed in changes in behaviour/actions, and in thinking/assessment. The second axis shows the students' capacity for abstraction (theory formation) and for concretization based on theories. When these axes are put together, four categories emerge, which show different nuances in the relationship between theory and practice: 1) Synthesis (think 'up'), 2) Analysis (think 'down'), 3) Concepts promoted for practice, and 4) Testing of new methods.
The analysis shows that the students commute unproblematically between these categories. Practice is both a necessary breeding ground for learning and a benchmark for learning. Practice does not contradict theory. The writing activity helps to clarify theory and develop students' abstraction abilities. The teachers' responsibility is to formulate high quality assignment texts that bind together theory and practice and that would prompt the students to stretch their mental borders. The analysis categories developed in this chapter can help teachers successfully face this task.


Michael T. Tong and Surendra N. SinghalSverdrup Technology, Inc. _Lewis Research Center GroupBrook Park, OhioChristos C. ChamisNational Aeronautics and Space Administration __ Lewis Research CenterCleveland, OhioPrepared for the1994 Energy Technology Conference and Exhibition,"Materials, Design and Analysis" Symposiumsponsored by the American_Society of Mechanical EngineersNew Orleans, Louisiana, January 23-26, 1994


Wireless sensor network with the characteristic of real-time and emergency is an efficient method to handle the problem of safety operation in tunnel construction.With the special-application background about chain-type space,severe envi-ronment,and high accident potential,a cross-layer emergency communication protocol is proposed under the condition of emergency situation to ensure a rapid reconfigurable network.For fault recovery and dynamical change of network topology, the experimental results show that the communication protocol has advantages in real-time and reliability.It is not only suit-able for tunnel monitoring system,but also can be used in any other emergency networks.


The life orientation and mode of life of stylophorans are a subject of much ongoing debate. Examination of the ornamentation occurring both on the arm and theca in several cornutes and mitrates strongly supports the view that the life orientation was similar in all stylophorans and was 'flat‐surface down'. The presence of an asymmetrical ornamentation adapted to hinder, or minimize, back slippage of the organism in all stylophorans gives strong support to their interpretation as mostly sessile organisms, feeding with the arm facing the current and the theca downstream. The examination of a wide array of thecal morphologies and sculpture patterns displayed by the various groups of cornutes and mitrates allows the identification of three main modes of life in stylophorans: (1) an epibenthic mode of life, with the theca as main anchor to the substrate (e.g. asymmetrical cornutes, Diamphidiocystis); (2) an epibenthic mode of life, with the arm as main anchor to the sediment (e.g. symmetrical cornutes, Peltocystis, primitive Mitrocystitida, some Kirkocystidae); (3) an infaunal mode of life, with the theca buried in a slightly inclined attitude (e.g. some Kirkocystidae, Mitrocystitida with cuesta‐shaped ribs). The partially buried mode of life of Lagynocystis is intermediate between 2 and 3.


By use of Raney Nickel–Aluminium alloy in a saturated Ba(OH)2 solution, halophenols are easily hydrogenated at mild temperatures and at atmospheric pressure, giving the corresponding cyclohexanols.


Travel writing, often reflects the culture of the traveled land through the cultural lens of the traveler. This article attempts to analyze how cultural translation operates in a travelogue. The analysis is based on Bishwanth Ghosh's Tamarind City: Where Modern India Began, an account of his experience as an outsider in the city of Madras. One of the primary reasons for selecting this particular text is that not many authors have extensively written about Madras (Chennai), one of the oldest cities of India. The travelogue unlike others that are mostly records of passing travels is different in a way that it documents the transformation of a city on account of the author's stay there for almost a decade. The well acclaimed travel critic Mary Campell has elaborated on the major concerns of the traveler, while encountering a foreign culture. . It therefore represents not only the changing times, but also the intra-cultural transformations along with the socio-political and demographic changes, that happened in a city with a long history.


Dynamic systems such as glaciers can be studied using Displacement Field Time Series (DFTS), often derived from Satellite Image Time Series. Even if data mining patterns expressing interesting displacement evolutions can be extracted from DFTS, confidence measures coming along with these series have to be considered to focus on reliable evolutions. This paper introduces a new approach for selecting displacement evolutions that are reliable, informative and complementary. Reported experiments exhibit consistent displacement evolutions of Alpine glaciers and complete the current knowledge of the area.


Cough is one of the most common problem faced by all people. There are mainaly two types of cough one is dry cough and another one is wet cough. dry cough there is no mucous and secretion while in wet cough there is cough with mucous or secretion. Syrup is commonly used and popular dosage form which is used to cure cough and cold, because it having ease of patients compliance. Syrup contain Ginger macerated honey base and also Tulsi, liquorice, cardamom, fennel, adulsa, clove as an antitussive and expectorant. Quality of final herbal syrup was evaluated for pre formulation a post formulation parameter. Here by using honey base three batches were formulated having various concentration such as 35%, 40%, 45% w/v


FtsY is the docking protein or SRα homologue in E. coli. It is involved in targeting secretory proteins to the cytoplasmic membrane by interacting with the signal recognition particle, controlled by guanosine 5′‐triphosphate. Two different constructs have been used in crystallization studies: the full‐length protein and a truncated fragment with a his‐tag at the C terminus. Only the second construct resulted in crystals suitable for x‐ray diffraction. The crystals belong to the monoclinic space group P21 with cell dimensions a = 32.20 Å, b = 79.57 Å, c = 59.21 Å, and β = 94.45, and contain one molecule per asymmetric unit. At cryogenic temperatures the crystals diffract to a resolution limit of 2.5 Å by using a rotating anode, and beyond 1.8 Å by using synchrotron radiation. Proteins 28:285–288, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss Inc.


Determinants of health are characteristics and indicators, which affect the presence and development of risk-factor diseases. The presence of a risk factor, however, doesn't mean that the illness will certainly develop. Current prevalence of multiple risk factors increases the likelihood that the illness will break out. The majority of civilization diseases have several risk factors. The group of the most signifi cant determinants includes demographic, biologic and social-economic determinants, environment and healthcare. These factors affect our physical shape to a large extent, they add to the quality of our lives, its length and early mortality.


This case describes the situation of a newly recruited academic professor who volunteered to teach a course on Research Methods to first-term MBA students in a practitioner-oriented case method Business School. Research Methods is a unique course due to its relevance not only in business but also across all graduate programs. Instructional and managerial concerns highlighted in the case relate to new faculty member orientation, course allocation, and contrary teaching philosophies of different professors in a school that are relevant for educational leaders. The need to analyze this case from the perspectives of both the professor and the dean makes it not only interesting but also useful for management teams in higher education institutes that are responsible for change management.


This famous quote marked a unique historical event in the development of telephony and an early experiment involving hearing. Although our own Watson postdates that work (considerably!), the life and work of Charles S. Watson are true reflections of good science and significant growth in our knowledge of human hearing. On behalf of those speaking at and attending this session in honor of Charles S. Watson, we ask this Watson to ''come here!'' (or, perhaps as a colleague suggested, to ''come hear!''). We ask that he do so to permit us to pay tribute to the many ways he has influenced the fields of psychoacoustics and speech communication, in general, and our careers, in particular. This introduction will provide a very brief overview of Chuck Watson, the person, as well as the scholar. By doing so, this overview will lay a foundation for understanding the impact of this man and his work. Subsequent speakers will build upon this foundation, with special focus on Chuck's work in the area of the perception of...


Anonymous Referee #1 Received and published: 21 October 2013 In their paper entitled "Centennial-scale shifts in the position of the Southern Hemisphere westerly wind belt over the past millennium", Koffman and co-authors address an important aspect of the climate system, and potentially the carbon cycle, that is the reconstruction of the location and intensity of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds. The authors have analyzed different dust particle related parameters from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide deep ice core over the last ca. 2400 years. This archive allows working with an incredibly high resolution (sub-annual) and a precise age model (+/1 yr) based on annual layer counting, and provides invaluable records for paleoclimate reconstruction in the Southern Hemisphere high latitudes. The study presents new, valuable data, the data are discussed in details, the methods (although I'm not from the "ice core community"), results and their interpretations are convincing, and the manuscript is well-written. I have only a few remarks and suggestions (mainly) for the authors. I strongly recommend this study to be published in Climate of the Past after some revisions.


Objective:To investigate the effect of bronchial artery chemoembolization combined with radiotherapy,chemotherapy for stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:143 cases of NSCLC were divided into two groups.In group of chemotherapy and radiotherapy,71 cases had chemotherapy and radiation therapy synchronously.The intervention group of 72 cases with bronchial artery infusion chemotherapy and embolization had interventional radiotherapy on the second day for 2 cycles.Total dose of radiotherapy was 60-70 G in 6-7 weeks.3 to 4 weeks after,all patients used NP program,with a total of 2 to 4 cycles of chemotherapy.Results:Two groups completed treatment plan.The intervention group had CR 37.5%,PR 45.8%,efficiency 83.3%.The control group had CR 23.9%,PR 39.4%,efficiency 63.3%.In the intervention group,median survival time was 22.6 months,and it was 14.5 months in the control group.In the intervention group,1,2,3 year survival rate was 78.6%,44.3%,23.5%,respectively.And,in control group,it was 63.2%,33.4%,14.5%,respectively.The intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group,there was significant difference(P0.05).No serious complications occurred.Conclusion:Percutaneous bronchial artery chemoembolization combined with radiotherapy,chemotherapy in treatment of stage Ⅲ NSCLC can prolong median survival time,improve the survival rate of patients,have good clinical efficacy.


Maton is one of the best-known proponents of ''legitimation code theory'' (LCT), which arises from the work of the British sociologist Basil Bernstein and is heavily influenced by Pierre Bourdieu. The latter's concepts of field, habitus, and capital have informed the health professional literature particularly that concentrating on the sociology of the professions. At a first glance, this is not obviously a book about the health professions or interprofessional education. The 10 chapter titles focus on education in relation to the social sciences, mathematics, music, cultural studies, the arts, and humanities. But the text is about knowledge and the knowers of that knowledge with some interesting perspectives on what the author refers to as ''knowledge blindness in education''. In other words, Maton suggests that educational researchers have tended to concentrate on the idea of ''knowledge as power'', and how and why things are learned, rather than what is being learned. Furthermore, knowledge is typified dichotomously, for example, as either hard or soft, pure or applied, abstract or concrete (even perhaps preclinical and clinical). Such distinctions resonate with the contrast made between constructivist relativism and positivist absolutism: the quantitative–qualitative divide that may prevent an interdisciplinary and realist approach to evaluation and research. Maton argues that such divisions only describe the features of knowledge and tell us nothing about its structure. Maton suggests that research into knowledge tends to explore the ''extent, intensity, and comparative value of flows of knowledge rather than its forms and their effects'' (p. 2), i.e. how knowledge is used and transmitted rather than what it is. Moreover, during the process of learning, new knowledge, and existing knowledge are frequently not integrated so that the former does not build on and inform the latter. This can lead to students' learning becoming segmented and thus, to use a word in common usage in relation to IPE, siloed. In health professions education, we see examples of what are here described as hierarchical curricular structures (learning and teaching builds on knowledge introduced earlier, for example, the spiral curriculum) and horizontal curricular structures (knowledge and skills are fragmented with little discussion of the relevance between courses, for example, how professionalism and ethics relate to the biomedical sciences, or even how early interprofessional learning activities relate to clinical practice). The segmented learning of the horizontal approach inhibits transfer from one context to another. Thus students may do interprofessional learning but fail to see its relevance in their uniprofessional courses. The code theory is difficult to summarise in a short review of this kind. The reader new to this approach will feel overwhelmed in jargon to begin with but persistence pays off. The book highlighted for me a number of concepts that are useful for educators, in particular, the notions of the semantic wave and semantic gravity. Maton draws attention to the trend in professional education for authentic or situated learning, which provides students with access to working environments (he mentions journalism, we can think of clinical settings). Assessment of such learning frequently involves case studies in which students describe and analyse what they have observed in practice. In the health professions, we would hope that students reflect. Strong sematic gravity is when the learner remains rooted in a particular case and primarily describes what has been observed without relating this to his/her previous experiences or the wider literature. Weak semantic gravity (and the strong–weak adjectives are in no way judgmental) is when the learner extrapolates to other contexts, compares and contrasts, generalises, and abstracts to past and future cases. High achieving students move between these poles in semantic waves, whereas the weaker ones are too descriptive or too abstract. The book offers a different way of talking about knowledge and learning, and of reflecting on what makes a meaningful group learning session. Authentic learning environments may only work if students are able to move beyond that particular context and apply the knowledge cumulatively to other situations. But it is important to understand what that knowledge consists of and Maton proposes a way that we can code this. So this book is for those who want to take learning and knowledge in a new direction – you may not agree with everything here but there are certain challenges to the way we do things and potential areas for further research.


Based on the study of factors of ATP biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae WSH2, the mechanism of ATP biosynthesis was investigated.The results showed that toluene direct treatment with the final concentration of 0.50%(v/v) was beneficial for the improvement of penetrability of cell membrane.Magnesium ion greatly affected the synthesis of ATP,and the highest ATP production(9.02 mmol/L) could be achieved at 40 mmol/L.It was found that the rate of glucose phosphorylation was faster than that of adenosine phosphorylation.ATP was accumulated rapidly only in the final phase.In case of ATP biosynthesis,NAD regeneration was mainly conducted via the formation of glycerol and ethanol.While in metaphase and fast synthesis phase of ATP,NAD regeneration was mainly conducted by the formation of ethanol.


The implementation of the region autonomy had been done since 2001, it gave the authority andthe freedom to the district government of Tulang Bawang in developing the economic potency andthe financial resources in Tulang Bawang.To reach the purpose, the district government should do the analysis of the district economicpotency. It is important to be done because the pure income potency (PAD) from the district isvery low (about 10 %) from the budget in this year (APBD). While the fund from the centralgovernment especially it from the general allocation fund, the biggest fund is used to pay thedistrict officials.It motivates the district government to dig the economic potency in the improvement of thefinancial potency. The way is the optimalization of PAD in the use of the district affluence bymaking the retribution in Tulang Bawang.


Background: Skin ulcers and poor healing are serious problems in diabetic patients. Products of citrus herbal are promising in new studies. Many benefits of hesperidin especially for cutaneous functions including skin healing have been demonstrated. Aim of the study: The aim of this work was to evaluate the possible healing effect of hesperidin on diabetic skin injury in adult male albino rats. Materials and methods: Forty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (10 rats, each). Group I: the control; group II: hesperidin; group III: untreated diabetic rats; and group IV, diabetic rats treated with hesperidin. Skin specimens were obtained and processed for histological study using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E), Mallory trichrome (M.T) and immunohistochemical study using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Electron microscopic examination was done. Morphometric measurements of epidermal thickness and area percentage of collagen fibers were carried out followed by statistical analysis.Results: The untreated diabetic group showed incomplete closure and scab covering proliferating epidermis. Another area of self- healed malformed skin revealed reepithelization with increased thickness of epidermis significantly. Epidermal cells showed loss of polarity and in between hyaline material. The underlying dermis revealed a significantly increased disorganized collagen fibers and massive inflammatory cell infiltration. Also, moderate VEGF immunoexpression was observed. Diabetic skin treated with hesperidin revealed complete closure of the wounds with thin apparently normal epidermis. The underlying dermis revealed a normal amount of well-organized collagen fibers with few inflammatory cells infiltration and spaces between collagen fibers. Strong positive VEGF immunoexpression was observed reflecting enhanced angiogenesis.Conclusion: Diabetic skin injuries are healing badly in relatively prolonged time. Hesperidin can be used as an adjunctive or alternative agent in diabetic wound giving good cosmetic results.


We made use of the audiomagnetotelluric method to study a major Precambrian boundary between the Congo Craton and the Pan African mobile belt. We have used case studies of areas where magnetotelluric soundings and gravity survey methods have been employed and results analysed and interpreted to show the usefulness of coefficients of anisotropy in magnetotelluric prospecting. We have succeeded in showing that an on the spot calculation of coefficients of anisotropy can, in addition to the method of rotation, be a very useful tool in determining the direction of structural trend of the geologic features in a particular region of prospecting. We have also shown that iso-anisotropy contour maps can provide a more effective and efficient representation of the variation of apparent resistivity with depth for a vertical cross-section through a slice of Earth under consideration. Furthermore, we have used calculated values of coefficient of anisotropy to determine in a vivid manner the types of rocks formations in the region of investigation


The article deals with the questions related to the termination of contractual obligations arising from thelease contract. The grounds of termination, their features and legal consequences of lease contract are beingresearched.


In a recent contribution [MRM 38:269–274 (1997)], it was reported that an excitation by a series of sinc‐shaped slice‐selective RF pulses with binomial amplitude ratios and complete spin refocusing between consecutive pulses leads to water‐ or fat‐selective images of high quality. A method for simultaneous water and fat imaging in multislice operation is presented based on the principle of alternated line scanning and linear superposition of several excitations. For example, a 1‐3‐3‐1 pulse train with suitable interpulse delays results in a water‐selective excitation, whereas a 1 ‐ 3 ‐ 3 ‐ 1 train leads to a selective excitation of fat (transmitter frequency corresponds with the Larmor frequency of water protons). Phase cycling of the excitation (1 ‐ 3 ‐ 3 ‐1 for the even line numbers in k‐space, but 1 ‐ 3 ‐ 3 ‐1 for the odd line numbers) causes a shift of n/2 lines in phase‐encode direction for the fat signals in an n × m matrix. The principle of linear superposition explains why an excitation of 2 ‐ 0 ‐ 6 ‐ 0 for the even lines and 0 ‐ 6 ‐ 0 ‐ 2 for the odd lines results in a final image with unshifted water signals and shifted fat signals. Both water and fat portions are simultaneously exhibited and separated without any signal loss. Examples recorded by a gradient‐echo sequence demonstrate the potential of the new technique that allows a reduction of up to 50% of measuring time compared with former frequency‐selective imaging methods.


The main goals of fuel development for pressurized water reactor are effectiveness and economic efficiency. Both requirements can be achieved by gradual increase of discharged fuel burn-up and prolongation of fuel cycle. The mentioned effects can be reached by optimisation of fuel assembly profiling, fuel enrichment raise, and by parasitic absorption reduction. These methods were used in VVER-440 fuel assembly optimisation, described in this paper. Fuel pin configurations with enrichment limit 5 % and also enlarged one up to 5.95 % U235 were designed. Reduction of parasitic absorption was limited by carcass frame of the assembly. Basic characteristics of the best assembly proposals are presented and effects on equilibrium fuel cycle of VVER-440 reactor are characterized.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Background and purpose: Microbial electro-Fenton system as a novel technology can be employed in removal of resistant organic pollutants along with generation of renewable electrical energy through the activity of anaerobic microorganisms. This study aimed at investigating the performance of this process in treatment of synthetic wastewater containing tetracycline and generation of electricity in different electrical circuit conditions. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, a two-chambered microbial electro-Fenton reactor equipped with anodic and cathodic carbon felt electrodes and Nafion membrane, along with 2000 mg/L substrate and anaerobic sludge as inoculum in anodic chamber and 10 mg/L tetracycline in cathodic chamber was used in open, closed, and short circuit conditions. The effect of electrical circuit type on the removal efficiency of tetracycline and generation of electrical energy was investigated during the operation of the reactor. Results: Microbial electro-Fenton system was found to be more efficient in removal of tetracycline in short circuit condition due to improved generation of current density. In this study, 260 mV and 93.13 mW/m 2 in current density of 695 mA/m 2 were obtained in short circuit conditions. Conclusion: The study showed that the microbial electro-Fenton system can be utilized as a suitable method in removal of various pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater while producing renewable and clean energy in open, closed, and short electrical circuits.


Extracted from text ... 163
The book offers guides and solutions to problems - taking
a stand on issues, rather than being blandly objective. In so
doing, the author really does provide 'a guide to sustainable
living'. However, one dilemma that arises (pg 241: resource
management) is the desire to 'improve the quality of (human)
life' and the concomitant increase in consumption that degrades
the environment through over-exploitation. There is no solution
offered on this issue, other than the hope that 'personal attitudes
could change', outside of market forces (driving increased cost
for scarce resources).
I would recommend this book to lecturers and ..


In order to study the method and its feasibility of applying the GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) to predicting the water content of road structure layer, on the basis of Guangzhou~Shenzhen expressway in China, the type of SIR-3000 GPR was adopted to make field measurement for 1300m test section. The water content of structure was measured respectively with the method of core-drilling and TOPP empirical equation, and a comparison was made among the results from these two ways mentioned above. Facts and figures find that among 632 drilled cores, the estimation value of water content of 485 drilled cores is nearly equivalent to the lab measured value, as the maximum and the minimum difference value is 7.4% and 3.1%, while the difference value is obvious of the other left 147 drilled cores, as the maximum and the minimum difference value reaches 23.2% and 8.6% respectively. It shows that the application of GPR and TOPP equation to predict the water content for road structure layer is feasible to some extent, but also the certain error is existed, and it is necessary to improve the spot detection method and this empirical equation when predict the water content of road structure layer with the method of GPR. Results can provide certain reference for non-destructive detection of water content for road structure layer.


Pre-school education is very important to the development of human's sociality and personality.Pre-school period is the fastest and most important development period for children's cognitive formation.It is the critical base of cognitive ability in whole life.But the pre-school education is very weak and fall behind in under developed China northwest.This paper used the SWOT(strength.weakness,opportunity,threat) method to deeply analyze the pre-school education development in China northwest.The strategies of promoting pre-school education are also proposed.


The land reform debate in South Africa has always been as contentious as it is controversial. Up to now, however, it has not reached the intensity of bringing about changes to South Africa's fundamental law. In February 2018, Parliament resolved in favour of adopting an amendment to the Constitution that would allow government to expropriate private property without being required to pay compensation.1 This began a process that eventually culminated in the December 2019 publication of the draft Constitution Eighteenth Amendment Bill. This is the first time since the Constitution was enacted that an amendment has been introduced to change a provision in chapter 2, in this case section 25. The basic structure doctrine is a judicial doctrine that features most prominently but not exclusively in the constitutional law of India.2 The doctrine's essence is that constitutional amendments, despite complying with the formal requirements for amendment set out in the constitutional text, might still be struck down by a court because the amendment offends the constitution's foundational principles, its identity, character, or logic — its basic structure.3 In 2005, Devenish wrote that the basic structure doctrine has been implicitly recognised by the Constitutional Court as applicable in South Africa, but that 'the doctrine is waiting in the wings, since, should certain circumstances and a crisis situation arise, the Constitutional Court could invoke its application'.4 At the time of Devenish's writing, there was no pending amendment of the Bill of Rights, unlike today. In this paper, I briefly summarise the amendment procedure set out in section 74 of the Constitution, and the process that has taken place between February 2018 and June 2020. Thereafter, I briefly discuss the basic structure doctrine and its potential application in South Africa. Finally, I consider whether the basic structure doctrine could be employed as a viable challenge to the draft Constitution Eighteenth Amendment Bill. The question that is inevitably considered: Has the crisis, that Devenish referred to, arrived?


A Weyl type algebra is defined in the paper (see [2],[4], [6], [7]). A Weyl type non-associative algebra and its restricted subalgebra are defined in the papers (see [1], [14], [16]). Several authors find all the derivations of an associative (Lie or non-associative) algebra (see [3], [1], [5], [7], [10], [16]). We find Der() of the algebra and show that the algebras and are not isomorphic in this work. We show that the associator of is zero.


Highly crystalline, NaYF4 and NaYF4:Ln (Ln = Yb, Er, Tm) crystals with upconversion fluorescence were successfully grown by the cooling of the solo NaF flux at a holding temperature of 1100 °C and cooling rate of 5 °C·h−1. The basic forms of NaYF4 and NaYF4:Ln crystals were a sphere. The crystal system, form, and size were affected by cooling rate. The red, green, and blue upconversion fluorescence of NaYF4:Ln crystals were clearly observed under 980 nm laser irradiation by a two- or three-photon upconversion process. The upconversion fluorescence of NaYF4:Ln crystals was successfully controlled by changing the cooling rate and type of dopant. Furthermore, the NaYF4:Yb,Er crystals were successfully grown using a mixed NaF-KF flux cooling method at a relatively low temperature of 800 °C.


Intellectual Capital Disclosure (ICD) is one of the current issues in finance. This study is different from traditional Intellectual Capital that is used VAICTM to measure Intellectual Capital of the company (Pulic, 1998). This study uses ICD index developed by Bukh et al (2005). ICD index is consisting of 78 items. ICD is closely related to efforts to reduce the occurrence of information asymmetryy. If the company discloses more information, it will affect investors' perception that the company has a good IPO quality. This study examined the effect of ownership retention, leverage, company size, company age, and underwriter reputation on ICD of companies making initial public offering (IPO) in Indonesia Stock Exchange for periode 2008-2017. There are 68 companies as the population and 65 companies the selection criteria. The data are secondary data generated from company's website and IDX website. Multiple linear regression is used to analyze the data. Results show that there are three variable have positive effect on ICD namely ownership retention, company age, and underwriter reputation. However, other factor such as leverage and company size do not have significant effect on ICD. Ownership retention is a positive signal to investor to show the quality of the company. Companies that have been for years in the business will disclose more IC information. A reputable underwriter will encourage company to disclose more information. Companies with high level of leverage do not disclose more information because they want to mantain its reputation. A large companies do not disclose more IC's information because they want to keep the company's competitive advantages.


Love is power. And Rumi once said, "gamble everything for love if you're a true human being." If there is no love, and the leader does not relate and serve (love) well, the followers and the people have nothing. The academician-practitioner researcher here discusses key leadership ideas and lessons, as what and how he views it, from the works of the spiritual master, better known in the English-speaking world as Rumi. There should not be fear; rather, love should prevail.


The effect of sublethal concentrations of formalin on the weight gain of Nile tilapia fingerlings was investigated under laboratory conditions during a 12-week exposure at concentrations of 25.00, 12.50, 6.25, 3.125, 1.56 and 0.00 (control) mg•l·1. The toxicant led to depressed weight gain in the fish. The severity of this depression was directly proportional to the toxicant concentrations. However, at 1.56 mg·l·1 concentration, no significant depression in weight gain (P>0.05) was observed in the test fish. Precautions in the successful use of formalin to control ectoparasites in aquaculture are discussed.


The conventional way of managing libraries cannot go with the requirement of the knowledge economy times,but rather knowledge management,as a new idea and tool,has achieved a lot in many businesses both at home and abroad.The paper looks at the relations between the management of a library and that of knowledge.


The SCR reaction mechanism of NO with C3H6catalyzed by CuO was studied by the method of Density Functional Theory(DFT)at the B3LYP/LanL2DZ levels.The optimized geometries of the stationary points on the potential surface were obtained and the transition state was confirmed by IRC and vibration analysis.The activation energy was calculated being 34.26 kJ/mol.It was shown that propylene reacted firstly with Cu forming intermediate,and then nitrogen monoxide immediately reacted with the intermediate to be reduced.It was proved to be a direct interaction mechanism.


Due to its good prognosis despite local recurrence, more and less invasive methods for surgical treatment of parosteal osteosarcoma (POS) have been described. Aim of this retrospective single‐center study was to investigate differences in outcome after biological and prosthetic reconstruction.


Electrical resistivity (ρ) and low‐field magnetization (σ) have been investigated as a function of temperature (T) on Dy‐Sm alloys containing 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 at.% Sm. Anomalies in the ρ vs T and σ vs T curve have been used to determine the magnetic transitions in this system. A magnetic phase diagram for the Dy‐rich alloys has been proposed. X‐ray studies have been employed to establish the structural features of this system.


This paper presents an L1 adaptive state feedback controller with proportional adaptation law for a class of linear systems with input-gain uncertainties and unmatched nonlinear disturbances. The proportional adaptation law provides an adaptive estimate that is directly proportional to the error between the output of the system and the state predictor. One of the advantages of this new adaptation law is the additional phase margin in the estimation loop, which allows for modification of the state predictor towards accommodating first order sensor dynamics. An additional benefit is the reduction of the required computational resources, since the error bounds reduce at a rate directly proportional to the adaptation gain as compared to the square root of the adaptation gain achieved by the L1 adaptive controllers using gradient descent adaptation laws. Simulations verify the theoretical findings.


This paper analyses mixed preschool linguistic education (CPBE) based on orienting convergence. The research steps are: i) we put orienting of fusion method system into mixed attribute data orienting problem, ii) we generalize the orient Ensemble Method, iii) apply the orient ensemble concepts to solve mixed attribute data orienting problem, iv) we establish the algorithm framework, v) put forward the objective function and algorithm, and finally vi) test the effectiveness of the algorithm on actual data.


In multiply-twisted superconducting cables in a transverse external magnetic field, the strands of multifilamentary wires are exposed to a spatially periodic field component longitudinal to the strand axis. It is predicted theoretically in 50/60Hz region that the AC loss of the wires for the longitudinal component is not neglected or comparable with that for a pure transverse field in the multiply-twisted cables with cabling pitches of several cm and more. In the present paper, the AC loss in the spatially periodic longitudinal field was experimentally evaluated by means of measuring electromagnetically the AC loss of short multifilamentary wires in a 60Hz uniform longitudinal one. It results from a theoretical consideration that the above two types of losses are equivalent to each other within errors of 5%, where the sample length corresponds to a half of the wavelength of the field. The measured loss was quantitatively explained by the theoretical expression for spatially periodic longitudinal field above mentioned. These results suggest that the AC loss in the cables for AC use should be minimized under consideration of the longitudinal loss in addition to the usual transverse losses.