A novel method for the kinetic resolution of unsymmetrical acyclic allylic carbonates and the concurrent synthesis of enantioenriched secondary amines using a commercially available chiral catalyst is disclosed.


The Aging and Technology special issue showcases twelve papers spanning a range and diversity of international scholarly research within the field of ageing and technology. The collection of papers demonstrates the positive impact technology can have on the lives of older people including improving cognitive performance, physical and mental health and people's daily activities and practices. There are still barriers to use, including psychological issues of motivation, attitudes, privacy and trust and social issues involving learning to use the technology. In conclusion, to help overcome these barriers, it is recommended that research and development of technology involves older people as co-developers working with stakeholders from different disciplines and backgrounds.


The assessment of visual physiology has been done for several years with different technologies and tools that vary significantly in cost and accuracy. One of the most studied measures in this field is visual acuity since this is essential in ophthalmological examination with an eminent relevance in the diagnosis of pathologies, legal medical decisions and clinical research processes, and basic sciences. Visual evoked potentials make it possible to reduce the subjectivity of visual acuity tests. Achieving the repeatability of these methods with portable and low-cost equipment is a challenge that has been developed and for which the need for a tool is established that allows speeding up the acquisition process under visual stimulation accompanied by an environment protocol. The tool developed in this project allows to record of the visual potentials in a steady state and to visualize of the signals in real-time with a portable tool, a friendly interface, with a simple, efficient, and affordable assembly protocol. In addition, it delivers the maximum power values in a frequency range limited by the stimulation frequency, in each of the presented acuity levels, and the exact frequency in which this maximum peak occurred, additionally, it allows to visualization of previously registered signals. Another important result is the time-frequency image that allows us to observe at a general level the behavior of frequencies over time, this image is commonly used in signal analysis with machine learning methods.


From the student Left, over the last few years, has come the charge that sociology is a form of bourgeois ideology, its function defined as the legitimation of the status quo, in so far as it ignores or minimises the r61e of class conflict in society and fails to grasp the dialectical character of social change.' Marxism is counterposed to sociology as constituting a more viable social theory; one which strives both to comprehend and to change the world. Most sociologists emphatically reject the view that their science is ideological and criticise Marxism as outdated, dogmatic and wholly ideological. Yet Lenin himself equated the dialectical method of Marxism with the method used in sociology." Why then should sociology and Alarxism be antagonistic, for both attempt to analyse the social world objectively, to provide an empirically verifiable account of the processes of social change, of the persistence of social structures, of the major social institutions and their consequences for individuals? It might perhaps be argued that any difference is merely a matter of emphasis, that Marxists and 'bourgeois' sociologists study certain selected aspects of society and that it is a question of perspective. If so, then the problem might be solved through synthesis; the 'true' parts of Marx being added to the 'true' parts of Durkheim and Weber, with the finished product called the 'genuine' social science." This paper will argue, following Weber,* that no such joining together of perspectives is possible and that the aucial difference between Marxism and sociology must be sought for both historically and at the level of method. It will be claimed that sociology through Comte, and Marxism through Marx were originally in opposition as social theory through their contrasting treatment of political economy.


The concept of quality of life (QOL) has become an important public policy and service delivery issue within the mental retardation/developmental disabilities field. QOL measurement focuses on a number of personal and environmental factors, including Independence, productivity, living/residential environment, interpersonal and community relationships, and activity patterns. Three implications of this emphasis on QOL are discussed: cultural factors supporting the QOL concept; the conceptualization and measurement of QOL; and QOL enhancement practices. Cultural factors supporting QOL include values, legal concepts, and the way in which issues are addressed and problems solved. A QOL model is presented, proposing that a person's perceived QOL results from three aspects of life experiences (personal characteristics, objective life conditions, and perception of significant persons about individuals with disabilities) and is reflected in tne measured indicators of independence, productivity, community integration, and satisfaction. Quality of life enhancement practices are then discussed, including fostering healthy environments, implementing Q0L-orientcd services, and fostering natural supports. (44 references) (JDD) ***************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the Ilest that can be made from the original document. ************************** ** W ** **************************************** UAL DIPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational INNialitch and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER tERICI Wofitha clOcuthent has bean raprOducad as rCohvera from the parson or organization Originating it r minor Chang la have teen made 10 imptora raprOduCtion duality THE CONCEPT OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE LIVES OF PERSONS WITH MENTAL RETARDATION Robert L. Schalock, Ph.D. Hastings College and Mid-Nebraska Individual Services, Inc. POIMS of view Of opinions stated in this clOCW mem 0


Lisa Guerra has 27 years of experience in the NASA aerospace community. Ms. Guerra is currently affiliated with NASA Headquarters working policy issues. She recently completed a 2-year assignment with the UTeachEngineering Program developing a model high school engineering course. She also fulfilled an assignment from NASA to establish a systems engineering curriculum at The University of Texas at Austin, as a pilot for national dissemination. Ms. Guerra's previous position at NASA Headquarters was Director of the Directorate Integration Office in the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate. In that position, her responsibilities involved strategic planning, international cooperation, cross-directorate coordination, architecture analysis, and exploration control boards. Ms Guerra also spent 3 years at the Goddard Space Flight Center as Program Integration Manager for future high-energy astrophysics missions, particularly the James Webb Space Telescope. She began her career at the Johnson Space Center working for Eagle Engineering and SAIC, focused on conceptual design of advanced spacecraft for human missions to the Moon and Mars.


Ecospirituality synthesizes aspects of ecology, spirituality, and feminism, emphasizing reciprocity and relationship. It can be seen as a spiritual expression of environmentalism, offering hope and ways to cope during the Anthropocene. During this era of heightened uncertainty and grief related to ecological collapse, one key capacity, imagination, will serve humanity as it recalibrates and restructures in response to the climate crisis. This textual analysis, creative research, and reflection will explore the process of cultivating an ecospiritual imagination, a relational mindset supported by embodied experiences such as rituals and contemplative practices that honor a reciprocal relationship between humans and the natural world, including other species, the elements, and processes of birth, death, and regeneration. This project contributes to the current conversations about an ecological identity across academic disciplines while also adding to the growing body of heuristic research. The author investigates how ritual and contemplative practices support a deepened connection with the natural world. By undertaking a heuristic investigation into the role of ritual and embodied contemplative practice to cultivate an ecospiritual imagination, this project contributes to the discourse related to situated knowledge, Celtic spirituality, contemplative practices, ecological grief, and environmental humanities.


Background: Self-medication is becoming a Universal entity wherein, drugs are given over-the-counter without prescription, providing a low cost alternative for people, irrespective of rural-urban differences[1], which might be horrendous when not applied with proper medical knowledge. It enjoys a paramount significance among medicos as they are the future practitioners of medicine with easy access to drugs.
Aim: To assess the prevalence and pattern of self-medication practice among undergraduate medical students.
 Material and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among the undergraduate medical students of a tertiary care medical college in Tamil Nadu, India during February to March 2016.
Results: 400 students accepted for the study and took up the given questionnaire. 9 incomplete questionnaires were expelled and the remaining 391were analyzed. It was found that 273 (69.8%) respondents practiced self-medication, which was common in females (53.5%) than in males (46.2%).The practice was widely prevalent among the pre final year students (84.3%) followed by final year students (74.6%) and second-year students (48.8%). The main symptoms for seeking self-medication included fever (36.6%), common cold (27.8%), heartburn (16.4%), and abdominal pain (8.4%). Drug groups commonly used for it were analgesics-antipyretics (31.09%), antihistamines (28.9%), antibiotics (22.7%), antacids (16.8%) and antispasmodics (9.5%). On analyzing the reason for self- medication, 52.7% students felt that their illness was not so severe while 34.1% stated previous experience with similar illness, 8.4% cited constrain of time and 4.8% mentioned easy access to drugs. The commonest source of information for self-medication were previous prescriptions (59.7%) and family (19.8%). 35.2% of the students prescribed medication to others. 98.2% respondents felt self-medication practices can be horrendous and 88.7% suggested health education to put an end to self-medication.
Conclusion: Our study reflects the prevalence of self-medication among the undergraduate medical students, which can be brought down by the faculty through their efforts to educate and create awareness among the students.


77 Oro-facial granulomatosis6-8, a non-caseating, granulomatous disorder involving the tissues of the mouth and the face, has been recognized in the literature since the end of the nineteenth century. Although this is frequently a localized entity, Dudeney and Todd", in 1962, established a clinical relationship in some patients between the oral and intestinal granulomatous lesions of regional enteritis. A finding confirmed by several other workers10,11. Traquair House, a notable Scottish border property, is the home of the Maxwell Stuart family who have lived there since the fifteenth century. It is, therefore, claimed to be the oldest house in continuous residence in Scotland. The family are direct descendant of the Royal House of Stuart and, as well as retaining their Roman Catholicism, ardently supported the Jacobite cause for the restoration of a Stuart to the throne of the UK. Since neither of these beliefs was popular, the family was not involved in government and lived for the most part relatively isolated in their country home. Further, there was no upset to family management of the house and, consequently, much of the important correspondence is retained with examples lying' on display in the Museum Room of the house. Prominent in the collection is a large number of letters from Mary, Countess of Traquair, to the family physician, Dr Pitcairne of Edinburgh. Archibald Pitcairne (1652-1713) was an eminent member of the medical profession in the city and a founder member of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. Following an unfortunate dispute with this College, Pitcairne moved his allegiance to the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. An extremely well educated man, he was acknowledged as having one of the finest libraries in Scotland and also to be a noted poet in Latin. He first recognized the importance of Harvey's work on the nature of the circulation and, although unaware of the existence of capillaries, predicted their presence using a mathematical model. A man of strong feelings, Pitcairne was arrested and imprisoned on one occasion for criticizing the government. His defence, that the remarks had been made while inebriated, was accepted and he was accordingly discharged with only a reprimand. His final gesture to the Jacobite cause was to leave a jeroboam of claret to be


BackgroundSurgery cancellation is a challenging and costly event resulting in operating theatre inefficiency and psychological and financial problems for the patients and their families. This study aimed to find out the incidence and reasons for surgical cancellation at a Rwandan hospital.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 736 patients' files obtained from theatre registry lists of surgical operations done from January to March 2017. The American Association of Perioperative Nurses (AORN) checklist for documenting cancelled surgical cases was used to establish the rate and reasons for cancellation. Data were analyzed using frequency and percentage descriptive statistics.ResultsOut of the 736 surgeries booked, 179 (24.3%) were cancelled as follows: Orthopedic and general surgeries (28.2%) respectively, gynecology and obstetrics (27.4%), urology surgeries (15.5%), maxillofacial surgeries (15.9%), ENT (15.6%) and plastic surgeries (13.3%). Time constrain/long list (19.6%), acute change in medical status (10.6%), non-turn-up of the patient (8.4%), and abnormal lab findings (7.8%) were the most prevalent reasons.ConclusionThe surgical cancellation rate at the study hospital was 24%, increasing with the number of patients booked and the type of surgical procedure. A prospective study is required to gain more insight into the reason for cancellations, mostly amenable to mitigation measures.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(3):379-386


Indonesia is one of many countries in the world so called resource-rich country.Natural resources abundance needs to be managed in the right way in orderto avoid dutch diseases and resources curses. These two phenomena generally happened in the country, which has abundant natural resources. Learned from Norwegian experiences, Indonesian Government need to focus its policy to prevent rent seeking activities. The literature study presented in this paper is aimed to provide important insight for government entities in focusing their policies and programs to avoid resources curse . From the internal audit perspective, this study is expected to improve internal audit's role in assurance and consulting .


In this paper, we propose a framework to recognize complex human interactions. First, we adopt trajectories to represent human motion in a video. Then, the extracted trajectories are clustered into different groups (named as local motion patterns) using the coherent filtering algorithm. As trajectories within the same group exhibit similar motion properties (i.e., velocity, direction), we adopt the histogram of large-displacement optical flow (denoted as HO-LDOF) as the group motion feature vector. Thus, each video can be briefly represented by a collection of local motion patterns that are described by the HO-LDOF. Finally, classification is achieved using the citation-KNN, which is a typical multiple-instance-learning algorithm. Experimental results on the TV human interaction dataset and the UT human interaction dataset demonstrate the applicability of our method.


Objectives:  Transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a promising approach for revascularization of tissue. We have used a natural and biocompatible biopolymer, fibrin, to induce cell population growth, differentiation and functional activity of EPCs.


In this report, road safety developments in the Netherlands during 1948-1998 were analysed at the macroscopic level. The purpose of these analyses was to find models that, so accurately and simply possible, describe developments of mobility (exposure) and casualty risk. Based on this, prognoses were made for future developments in mobility, casualty risk, numbers of road deaths and in-patients up to 2010. These were then compared with the target numbers for road deaths and in-patients for 2010. The following annual numbers for the Netherlands were used in this analysis: the total number of road deaths, the total number of registered in-patients, and the total number of motor vehicle kilometres driven. These last have been used as an indication of Dutch mobility. Apart from these, two derived variables (from these annual totals) play a central role in the analyses: (1) fatal or death risk; and (2) non-fatal risk. When compared with the target numbers of road deaths for 2010, the prognoses show that these target numbers appear achievable. This is on condition that the effectiveness of the road safety policy does, during the coming years, result in a greater annual decrease in fatal risk than was achieved during 1991-1998. When compared with the target numbers of in-patients for 2010, the prognoses indicated that these target numbers will probably not be achieved.


Ukraine's electricity sector has undergone considerable structural reforms in the past decades. In 2019, Ukraine introduced a new regulatory framework to liberalise its retail electricity market and establish a wholesale market with a competitive market structure. Nevertheless, outstanding obstacles to competition remain. Further reforms are needed to reduce regulatory distortions and attain a fully efficient competitive sector, of key importance as part of Ukraine's future reconstruction efforts


Charlie Brooker and Julie Repper present the complex worlds of mental health service provision and delivery in a refreshingly simple, authoritative, comprehensive and focused way. Their use of language is appealing and accessible to service users, carers, clinicians and non-clinical personnel.


OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of local delivery of ornidazole for treatment of periodontitis.METHODS The 0.5g of ornidazole with 0.75mg of dexamethasoneand and 10ml of glycerol were transferred into uniform paste.All 160 patients were all taken teeth scaling technique,bags and other wall curettage treatment of periodontal surgery at first.Patients were rinsed alternately with 3% hydrogen peroxide and saline.The observation group was treated with a cotton twist on the preparation of ornidazole agents paste about 50mg on the basis of the above and transferred into the periodontal pocket with a probe,2 times a day for 7 days,attention was paid to oral hygiene during the treatment.The teeth before and after treatment of plaque index(PI),gingival index(GI),probing depth(PD),pain(PS) were recorded and observed.RESULTS The effective rate of the observation group was 94.07%,while the control group was only 55.05%,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05);the differences in PI,GI,PD and PS before and after the treatment were statistically significant(P0.05) there were not adverse reactions that occurred in any patient.CONCLUSION The effect of local delivery of ornidazole for treatment of periodontitis is good without any adverse reaction.


in the ICS group, the difference in mortality rate was not statistically significant (Hazard Ratio: 0.77 CI: 0.52; 1.15). However, there was a significant quality-of-life benefit in favor of ICS. CONCLUSIONS: Despite a lack of significance in survival benefits, joint considerations of quality of life and survival indicate that ICS could be considered potentially cost-effective. Imputation methods can be employed to address missing data issues when the extent of missingness is not too extreme.


made possible only through "government regulation and intervention" – i.e., the Civil Rights Acts of 1866 and 1964 – and then only because the government could no longer withstand the pressure from the world community to reform its racist social system. In the absence of such pressure, he argues, and with big business's preference for and exploitation of overseas labor pools for maximum profit making, blacks have – and certainly will continue – to find their middle class stagnating and then spiraling down fast. No doubt whites will soon follow. So like William J. Wilson and others before him, Bowser finds solution for to breaking the "historic stranglehold of injustice" for all only in broad-based, race-neutral structural change: "At minimum, this would require absolute reduction in the national debt, long-term and deep investment in education (rather than the kind of disinvestment that is occurring now), and an opportunity for everyone who can work to find jobs that pay living wages." The real value of this work becomes clearer the further one reads. The early pages feel as though they are intended for a rather narrow, studentonly audience. And the word choices at times made for tedious sentence structure. In time, however, these distractions become much less a problem and one comes to truly appreciate where Bowser is determined to take us. The conclusions ultimately drawn in The Black Middle Class are not new. Still, Bowser manages to effectively re-create in us a sense of unquestionable urgency.


The paper reports on a corpus study of German light verb constructions (LVCs). LVCs come in families which exemplify systematic interpretation patterns. The paper's aim is to account for the properties determining these patterns on the basis of a corpus study on German LVCs of the type 'stehen unter' NP' ('stand under NP').


Abstract The safety of road networks is crucial for the well-being of the society. Corrosion is a common problem facing bridges. Traditionally, the reliability analysis is performed on individual bridges and maintenance strategies are laid out based on the reliability profiles resulting from this analysis. This paper aims to investigate how to allocate maintenance resources for a group of bridges in a transportation network. Performance indicators associated with connectivity between different nodes in the bridge network are selected as the objectives of the optimization associated with this allocation. Correlation profiles associated with resistances of bridges subjected to corrosion are taken into account in the optimization process. Two approaches to determine life-cycle maintenance strategies are considered: (a) ranking the importance of bridges in terms of their contribution to connectivity; (b) performing optimization to obtain optimal maintenance strategies associated with objectives related to connectivity and maintenance cost. For each approach, the strategies associated with different O (origin)-D (destination) pairs as well as a performance indicator illustrating the overall connectivity within the bridge network are investigated. The results show that different O-D pairs may have different optimal maintenance strategies under the same maintenance budget to maximize the probability of network connectivity. The correlation of bridge resistances has a significant influence on the probability of network connectivity, and as a result, needs to be accounted for.


Excitation of the $3s^{3}S^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ and $3p^{3}P$ states of atomic oxygen has been studied in detail for electron impact energies from 13.87 to 100 eV by use of a close-coupling approximation. The target states included in the expansion of the total wave function are represented by accurate configuration-interaction wave functions. The present results are in good agreement with the recent experiments for the dipole-allowed $^{3}P\ensuremath{-}3s^{3}S^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ transition, but for the forbidden $^{3}P\ensuremath{-}3p^{3}P$ transition a large unresolved discrepancy exists.


Inductively coupled transponder systems are the method of choice for wireless communication with sensor and ID transponders in metallic and hydrous environments. It is desirable to combine the freedom of software defined radio with the reliability of an individualized analog receiver circuit. A new concept for a digitally controlled analog front end with a demodulation technique, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been applied for transponder signals so far, is presented. It enables handling of different antenna coils optimized for the particular application. The presented demodulation technique is implementable with a low complexity and nonetheless suitable for signals with a very low degree of modulation. Furthermore no analog filter is needed in the direct signal path, which allows a free carrier frequency adaptation.


Applying distributed constraint optimization problem (DCOP) solution techniques to domains such as service-oriented agent networks can violate key limiting assumptions behind standard DCOP formulations. We extend the multi-constrained (MC-) DCOP to model problems where each agent controls multiple variables, calling this multi-variable (MV-) MC-DCOP. The MV-MC-DCOP formulation abstracts away some problem details including those about task ordering, so we have developed an ordered variation O-MV-MC-DCOP. We empirically show that the [O-]MV-MC-DCOP approach can fruitfully prune the space of joint policies that service-oriented agents would otherwise explore.


The author considers the dynamic feedback control problem of a class of real-time discrete event systems with deterministic state sojourn times. After introducing the model and the concept of the real-time controllability of a certain language, it is shown that, for a given system G and a given language K, there is a complete supervisor S such that L(S/G)=K if and only if K is real-time controllable. A computational procedure is given to compute the supremal real-time controllable sublanguage of a given language, and its convergence is proven in the case when G is a finite state.<<ETX>>


There is increasing evidence that both borderline personality disorder and PTSD can be partly understood as damage to the attachment system. Research on primates has shown how severe are the effects of a damaged attachment system. Distress symptoms produced by separation are similar to those seen in narcotic withdrawal and involve aggressive behaviour. Chronic stress in children can cause dysregulation of the normal stress response and maladaptive brain activities. Secure, avoidant, anxious-ambivalent attachment in childhood can now be measured. Insecure children show needless aggression; avoidant children can become either abusers or victims. Disorganized attachment is a mixture of avoidant and anxious-ambivalent behaviour and may lead to adult borderline personality disorder. Patterns of attachment are self-perpetuating and may be transmitted across generations. PTSD is a syndrome resulting from a terrifying state of helplessness. Its manifestations are similar to those seen with disorganized attachment behaviours. Individuals can appear to cut themselves off from memories and feelings that are too painful to acknowledge. As a result trauma can become organized at a sensory and somatic level which is difficult to change. PTSD appears to alter neurophysiology and neuroanatomy. Traumatogenic stimuli may produce abnormal brain activity and, for example, an inability to speak. 'Flips' of mental state have been recorded both in patients who have been through childhood abuse and in borderline patients. The goal of treatment for borderline personality disorder should include the integration of dissociated self-states. Copyright © 1999 Whurr Publishers Ltd.


Elevated serum parathyroid hormone concentration (sPTH) is associated with higher prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases. The objective of this study was to examine the differences in cardiometabolic parameters in overweight or obese (Owt/Ob) individuals categorized into a low and high PTH group.

 A total of 116 Owt/Ob men and women with a body mass index (BMI) between 24.7 to 43.2 kg/m2 and ages 20 to 70 years participated in this study. Blood samples were obtained for analyses of sPTH, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s25OHD), serum ionized magnesium (iMg), inflammatory cytokines, insulin, fasting glucose, and triglyceride. Body composition information was measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Participants were categorized into either a Low PTH Group (sPTH < 55pg/mL) and High PTH Group (sPTH ≥55pg/mL).

 The mean sPTH in the Low PTH Group was 39.8pg/mL ± 10.0 (age = 33.5years ± 11.3, BMI = 28.9 kg/m2 ± 3.4), and in the High PTH Group was 79.5pg/mL ± 19.9 (age = 40.7years ± 12.5, BMI = 29.5/m2 ± 4.6). The High PTH Group had a higher fat mass % (36.7% ± 8.4, P = 0.029) and lower lean mass % (59.8% ± 7.9, P = 0.015) compared to the Low PTH Group (33.0% ± 9.7; 63.7% ± 9.1 respectively). After controlling for age, fasting blood glucose was significantly higher (P = 0.024) in the High PTH Group (97.6 mg/dL ± 3.1SEM) compared to the low PTH group (97.6 mg/dL ± 2.9SEM). There were no differences between BMI, body composition, s25OHD, iMg, inflammation cytokines, insulin, and triglyceride between PTH groups after controlling for age.

 Higher sPTH was associated with a higher fasting glucose in Owt/Ob, but otherwise healthy adults. Attempts to lower sPTH in this population may delay the onset of metabolic conditions and should be explored in prospective studies.

 American Heart Association, Drexel University College of Nursing and Health Professions.


The presence of boron associated with salt affei ted soils in the Midle Valley ot' thc Ebro rivcr was studied. The analysis of soil and water samplcs indícales the existence of Boron toxicity levéis associated with high E.C. and S.A.R. valúes, as well as with some specific ions in the soluble phase. Further studies indícate that the mechanisms involved in the adsorption of Boron in tlicse soils nave lo be determined bef'ore any reclamation procedure is undertaken.


Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history with its special features in the treatment of dermatoses. In abroad, TCM belongs to alternative medicine or traditional medicine. As a traditional medicine, TCM emphasizes individualized treatment. The differences between the fundamental conceptions of TCM and Western Medicine lead to the misunderstanding of TCM. A series of studies have confirmed the efficacy of TCM in skin disorders. This article is to elucidate the efficacy, mechanism of action and side effects of TCM in the hope that dermatologists will get a better understanding on the therapeutic effect of TCM.

Key words:
Medicine, Chinese traditional;  Drugs, Chinese herbal;  Skin diseases


Radar observations in the stratosphere and mesosphere have been carried out during a minor stratospheric warming in February 1980 using the SOUSY-VHF-Doppler-Radar (Germany). Enhanced echoes have been received from the stratosphere up to an altitude of about 36 km and from the mesosphere in the height range between 58 and 96 km. Aspect sensitivity has been observed at stratospheric heights, where the signal power can decrease by 10 dB between the vertical and 7° off-vertical directions. No such effect has been observed in the mesosphere. The background wind speed and the wind direction have been deduced from Doppler measurements made in three different beam directions. The observed 3-hour average wind speed in the stratosphere reaches a maximum of 60 m s−1, while that in the mesosphere reaches 40 m s−1. In particular, quasi-periodic signal power variations, which are associated with vertical velocity oscillations at periods of about 12 to 15 min, have been observed in the mesosphere.


Observational and analytical data files are stored with metadata in a relational database. Each data set includes a bibliographic citation and is persistently identified using a Digital Object Identifier (DOI). Data can be archived as a supplement related to an article or as an independent citable data-publication. The content is distributed through library catalogs, search engines and portals by web services. The retrieval in 350 000 data sets, consisting of 9 billion data points is enabled by a search engine. A data warehouse allows the compilation of multiple studies, datasets and sources into new collections, a favourite tool for modeling and synthesis.


In this paper, two approaches of Fault-Tolerant Control for Discrete Event Systems are compared: the Fault-Hiding approach [4] and the control reconfiguration approach [5]. They are applied on a single case study in order to be compared. Then, a discussion on processing capacities, model sizes and limitations of the two methods is proposed.


The USA300 and USA600 clonal lineages are the cause of many serious Staphylococcus aureus infections. Here, we report the complete genomes of two methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strains isolated from the healthy skin of adults in Colorado, which are most phylogenetically similar to the USA300 and USA600 lineages. ABSTRACT The USA300 and USA600 clonal lineages are the cause of many serious Staphylococcus aureus infections. Here, we report the complete genomes of two methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strains isolated from the healthy skin of adults in Colorado, which are most phylogenetically similar to the USA300 and USA600 lineages.


Introduction:
 Kawasaki Disease (KD) leads as a cause of acquired cardiovascular disease among children in developed countries. Around~20% of patients are refractory to high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), the standard treatment, and are at high risk of developing coronary artery aneurysms.

 Hypothesis:
 Whole genome sequencing (WGS) will identify specific predictors of non-response and inform the mechanism of IVIG action.

 Methods:
 KD patients were diagnosed by the American Heart Association and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AHA/AAP) criteria and treated by AHA guidelines. IVIG refractoriness was defined by persistent or recurrent fever (>38C)>36 hours after completing infusion. We performed a case-control study with WGS on DNA from saliva or blood from 107 responders versus 103 non-responders. After processing informatics using the pipeline of Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK), additive genetic models were assessed for all common variants using logistic regression. We adjusted for age, gender, and race based on principal components. We also conducted SNP-set (Sequence) Kernel Association Test (SKAT) with common and rare variants in the gene regions with the most statistically significant SNP results.

 Results:
 Average sequencing depth was 30x and with a total of 34,548,910 variants. While SNPs in genes previously indicated in the IVIG pathway were confirmed, multiple novel SNPs in various gene regions were also statistically significant (often p< 10-6; Figure-Manhattan plot). SKAT analysis suggested joint effects of multiple SNPs in individual gene regions.

 Conclusions:
 We confirmed SNPs in genes from previous reports and identified multiple novel ones, indicating plausible previous unsuspected IVIG mechanisms pathways. Potentially, functional disruption of these genes could lead to non-response. Further, a panel of these SNPs can be a prognostic tool for identifying at-risk KD patients that require therapy intensification.


For the existence of an n-vertex polyhedral map of type {p, p}, it is known that n must be ≥ (p − 1)2 and equality holds if and only if K is weakly neighbourly. We have seen in [Brehm et al. 02] that there is a unique polyhedral map of type {5,5} on 16 vertices. In [Brehm 90], Brehm constructed a polyhedral map of type {6,6} with 26 vertices. In this article, we prove that there do not exist any polyhedral maps of type {6,6} on 25 vertices. As a consequence, we show that the minimum number of edges in polyhedral maps of Euler characteristic −25 is > 75.


(2) Method of entry of the invading organism. No cutaneous wound was present; entry was probably effected through the left tonsil. (3) The close resemblance of this case to purpura hmmorrhagica, and the possibility of such cases being really due to ,an infection with a similar orgamsm. (4) The abnormality of the white cell count, i.e., leucopenia with relative lymphocytosis of sixty-one per cent, and polymorph decrease to twenty-one per cent. We are indebted to Lieutenant-Colonel A. A. MeN eight, I.M.S., cGmmanding Indian Military Hospital, Quetta, for permission to publish the notes on this case.


Objectives :To investigate effective human sperm antigens for contraceptive vaccines. Design :Experimental molecular biology study. settings :Histology and embryology laboratories in medical universities.MethOds :mRNA was isolated from total RNA in human testis. cDNA was synthesized by using AMVreverse transcriptase and DNA polymerase with mRNA as template. cDNA was recombined withλgtII vec-tors and with Y1090 as infected bacteria。 Human testis cDNA library was constructed. After the library wasidentified using genetic and plaque lift hybridization,cloning human sperm antigen genes ( HSG)werescreened with rabbit's anti-human sperm antibodies. HSG expression sperm antigens( HSGAg)and corre-sponding antibodies (HSGAb) were isolated and their biological activity was determined. Results(1)In human testis cDNA library 1. 82X 106pfu of recombinantλgtII,were obtained. Geneticmethod showed that recombinant rate was 67%, plaque lift hybridization was 51%. (2)among 2 X 104pfu ofrecombinant λgtII 8 positive clones( named 1~8 ) were found which wereλgtII recombined with humansperm antigen genes.(3)Human and rabbit anti-booies of the expression products of HSG2 and HSG8 couldinhibit the motility of human sperm. (4) In the course of acrosome reaction,the exposure of Con A recep-tors on the surface of sperm was inhibited by the rabbit antibody derived from HSG3. ConclusiOn : The expression products of HSG2, HSG3,and HSG8 could be used as candidates for prepa-ration of sperm vaccines.


Discourse humbly presented by Richard Hadsor to his most gratious soveraigne the right high and mightie prince James Kinge of England Scotland Fraunce and Ireland defender of the faith etc. Importing the auncyent divisions of the kingdome of Irelande into sundry Provinces before the Conquest thereof, by kinge Henry the Second kinge of Englande about Fower hundred and Fourtie yeres past, And how yt ys nowe devided; And who at this present doth Inhabitt the same, And by what lawes yt ys gouverned, And also declaring some causes of the infynite chardge the Crowne hath been putt unto by the Rebelles in that Realme; And shewing some meanes for the more peaceable gouvernment thereof, without such contynuall greate expenses, to the better contentment and inritching of the Inhabitantes and saveing of the daily exhausting of the treasure in the service of that Realme, And touching the repeale of some prejudiciall Statutes in England and Irelande against Scottish men and in England against Irishe men.


Reducing misconduct is a critical mechanism to maintaining prison safety. Disciplinary confinement constitutes one tool used by the corrections system to achieve this goal. Only a handful of studies explore how disciplinary confinement works and fewer examine whether this punishment exerts variable impacts on women. This paper will address this research gap by providing a systematic assessment of the effect of exposure to and length of disciplinary confinement on misconduct patterns with a focus on gender, using a longitudinal dataset, and random effects regression analyses. Results find disciplinary confinement has little deterrent effect on misconduct but gender variation exists. Implications for theory, research, and policy related to the relationship between in-prison penalties, misbehavior, and the gendered prison experience are discussed.


As a promising Phase Change Material (PCM) candidate for low-to-medium temperature (100–250 °C) latent heat storage, sugar alcohols undergo serious supercooling during cool-down for crystallization. Technical efforts need to be dedicated to suppression or control of the supercooling of sugar alcohols. In this work, the supercooling of D-dulcitol, with a melting point of around 186 °C, was attempted to be reduced by mixing with a solid-solid PCM Pentaerythritol (PE) as the nucleation agent, which has a solid-solid phase transition temperature (∼186 °C) similar to the melting point of d-dulcitol. Such novel binary mixtures were prepared by dispersing PE powders at various mass fractions into d-dulcitol melt. The non-isothermal phase-change-related properties, with emphasis on the crystallization properties, were tested on a heat-flux differential scanning calorimeter at a constant heating/cooling rate of 5 °C/min. The preliminary results showed that both the crystallization point and latent heat of crystallization strongly depend on the mass fraction of PE, and both decrease in magnitude with the increasing in mass fraction of PE. The degree of supercooling of the binary mixtures also depend on the mass fraction of PE, and a reduction of up to 10 °C was obtained at 50 wt.% PE, as a result of the decrease in the melting points of the binary mixtures.


This paper presents a compact 50–62 GHz monolithic passive subharmonic pumped resistive mixer (SHPRM) using a 0.15-μm GaAs pHEMT foundry process. The proposed mixer requires only a half of the LO frequency compared to a fundamentally pumped and is designed in a resistive structure advantages for no drain bias and low DC currents. The mixer includes an IF filter and a scale-down marchand balun with capacitance load. To reduce conversion loss, a quarter-wavelength shorted stub at LO frequency is in parallel with LO input line, it appearing as an open circuit to the LO frequency and also provide the return paths for the RF signals. This mixer achieve a down-conversion loss of 6.55 ± 1 dB when fix LO frequency at 25 GHz and RF frequencies range 50–58 GHz, a down-conversion loss of 4.6 ± 0.6 dB when fix LO frequency at 28 GHz and RF frequencies range 56–62 GHz. In addition, the proposed mixer exhibits more than 18 dB and 30 dB of isolation for the second harmonic of the LO signal at the radio frequency (RF) ports and at the intermediate frequency (IF) ports, respectively. The chip size is 0.85 × 1.41 mm2 only. The total dc power consumption is ∼ 0mW.


This paper presents some examples of quantum reliability function for the quantum communication system in which classical information is transmitted by quantum states. In addition, the quantum Cut off rate is defined. They will be compared with Gallager's reliability function for the same system.


This very effort has established an economic order quantity (EOQ) structure for declining matters. That has considered trial product with cubic order and inconsistent declining rate. Deficit has also been accepted and moderately retreated. The retreat rate is an inconsistent and relies exclusively on the up next refilling waiting time. The principal significance of the model is to establish an optimal frame. Finally sensitivity analysis of a variety of parameters with due optimal resolution has also been carried out within the domain.


India is rich of traditional medicine knowledge. Due to inadequate protection on its traditional medicine knowledge, some of them have been illegally possessed or used by other countries, resulting in huge economic and cultural losses. In order to prevent such issues from happening, the Indian government has formulated a series of policies to protect and rationally develop traditional medicine knowledge, taken up many effective measures, such as collecting and archiving traditional medical knowledge, formulating laws and policies, establishing an administrative supervision system for traditional medicine knowledge, establish a Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL), as well as build a traditional medical knowledge registration and invention patent system. It also establishes an investment foundation, and conducts intellectual property culture building. At present, India has formed a relatively complete protection system for traditional medicine knowledge, which has achieved good results and gained recognition. To summarize the experience of traditional medicine knowledge protection in India can provide reference for China.

Key words:
Intellectual property; Medicine, traditional; India; Protection; Overview; Reference


A previous paper1 by the author in 1935 established the genus Arundanus to include a group of species previously described in Thamnotettix and Chlorotettix and collected from species of cane, Arundinaria. At that time several species were known from only one sex, particularly the female and in several cases the males were not available for obtaining diagnostic characters. Since that time the writer has had an opportunity to obtain a considerable amount of material from the Carolinas and certain of the Gulf Coast states.


The organization of computer space supposes an increase in the level of culture for end users, as well as for the programs that they use in communication with «the number». There is a misunderstanding in the scientific community of this problem, such that the main ideas of hypertext are not realized. That's why we need the representation of this basic meaning. The culture of end users' communication must be founded on the resources given by the hypertext.


Real Estate Prices and Economic Cycles 1 I NTERNATIONAL R EAL E STATE R EVIEW 1999 Vol. 2 No 1: pp. 1 - 20 Real Estate Prices and Economic Cycles John M. Quigley * University of California, Berkeley, USA or firstname.lastname@example.com. Keywords Real Estate Prices, Economic Cycles. Introduction Studies of the linkages between real estate prices and general economic conditions have an extensive history, beginning with tabulations suggesting the ways in which long swings in construction and price development were synchronized with long swings in aggregate economic activity (Gottlieb, Recent studies have explored the implications of alternative representations of investor expectations upon real estate construction and the cyclical behavior of housing prices and the rents for non-residential properties. These models trace through the effects upon supplier and demander behavior of differing price expectations in the real estate market. The earliest models tease out the dynamic paths of housing prices and commercial rents which arise from exogenous expectations about the future course of prices. More sophisticated models assume that households and firms have adaptive expectations about the future, assuming, for example, myopic behavior on the part of economic actors (in which they forecast that current conditions or current rates of change will continue into the future). In the most modern formulation of market dynamics, actors are assumed to have rational expectations. That is, in response to unanticipated shocks in the A previous version of this paper was presented at the third annual meeting of the Asian Real Estate Society, Taipei, August 1998. I am grateful for the comments of Chin -Oh Chang and Robert Edelstein and the assistance of Christian Redfearn.


In ruin theory, the De Vylder and Goovaert's conjecture [Homogeneous risk models with equalized claim amounts, Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 26 (2000) 223–238] is an open problem about the comparison of the finite time ruin probability in a homogeneous risk model and the corresponding ruin probability evaluated in the associated model with equalized claim amounts. We provide the first ingredients to solve the conjecture by showing that the integrals of the ruin probabilities with respect to the initial risk reserve are uniformly comparable.


With the hybrid characteristics of a refinery, it is very challenging to schedule crude oil operations. This work intends to solve this scheduling problem by decomposing it into two sub-problems hierarchically. At the upper level, a refining schedule is found, while a detailed schedule is obtained to realize it at the lower level. Given a refining schedule at the upper level, this work focuses on the detailed scheduling problem at the lower level. Based on a control-theoretic perspective, the problem is transferred to a problem of assigning charging tanks to distillers such that meta-heuristics can be applied. Then, a genetic algorithm (GA) approach is innovatively developed to solve it. An industrial case study is used to show the application of the proposed approach. It shows that the method works well and is applicable to real-life problems.


Studies on the influence of various fabrication parameters viz., calcination temperature, grinding period, sintering temperature and soaking time, on the initial a.c. permeability and Q-factor of Nickel-Zinc-Ferrite (Ni0.3Zn0.7 Fe2O4 samples, were made with a view to develop ferrite cores, for use at high frequencies. A higher calcination temperature, a lower sintering temperature and a shorter soaking period have been found desirable to attain reasonably high density coupled with a low initial permeability and high Q. Repeated calcinations interspaced with wet grinding resulted in further improvement of the properties.


: Multipath is one of the main causes of degraded position accuracy in the Global Navigation Satellite System ( GNSS ) because portions of the signals can be reflected by high buildings in dense urban areas. Multipath mitigation techniques based on hardware enhancement or signal processing help to improve GNSS accuracy for high-precision surveying. Geographic Information System ( GIS ) is also used in the signal propagation model to predict multipath effects. In addition to these existing approaches, we found that spatial statistical methods are useful in multipath mitigation because a unique spatial distribution of user positions can be produced by the multipath. In this paper, we present a spatial statistical method for mitigating multipath and improving the accuracy in GNSS positioning. Multipath tends to be associated with spatial outliers in simulated user positions ( SUPs ) and contributes little to the spatial clustering of SUPs. Using these spatial characteristics, we developed a method for identifying multipath satellites, which consists of the components of deviation distance, deviation load, and deviation ratio. Once the identified multipath satellites are excluded, a user position is determined using a mean spatial center of the SUPs from the remaining satellites. The effects of such multipath mitigation were validated by examining whether our method correctly identified multipath satellites and by comparing the position errors with and without the method. We demonstrated the applicability of our solution with a simulation experiment for Shin-juku, using a precise ephemeris for the Global Positioning System ( GPS ) and the orbital parameters for the proposed constellations of the GALILEO and the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System ( QZSS ) .


Genre classification of Tamil songs is done based on mood, emotion etc. of the listener. The musical genre classification is based on three levels as base, mood and style. Our proposed methodology is comparison of genre based Tamil songs classification using Term Frequency and Inverse Document Frequency ( tf-idf ). So for this methodology has been applied for English and Korean songs only. In this paper, we are classifying the Tamil songs using the method based on tf-idf scores. The classifier establishes a relation between the features of the training samples and related categories. The frequency of word usage is identified by term frequency and inverse document frequency. Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm and Naive Bayes algorithm (NB) are used in Weka classification tool for analysis. We have compared the experimental results of both the algorithms in musical genre classification. From the experimental values obtained using various parameters, we have shown that the Naive Bayes algorithm has classified the genre marginally better than Support Vector Machine algorithm. We have considered 2000 Tamil songs for testing the genre classification. At present we have considered two genres for classification and the same classification can be extended to other genres in future.


A 1.1 um pitch pixel array fabricated by 45 nm 3D stacked technology, can be switched to peripheral circuits on same wafer or to other stacked wafer for process and signal integrity verification. It supports through silicon connection or direct connection to increase the flexibility by separating pixel array and sensing circuit. The novel wide operation range VCO and low power serializer are implemented to reduce the total power and noise.


Radio transmitters have been used in ecological studies on a wide array of species. Over the past decades many different types of attachment techniques have been employed. Many of these techniques have altered behavior and other life history aspects of the study species. Here we describe a modified version of the leg harness that allowsprefabrication before entering the field and results in a precise fit for the individual bird. This harness technique uses materials that degrade shortly after the life of the transmitter to ensure that the individual does not migrate with the burden of the transmitter. This technique has been applied to a variety of species from warblers (7-9.5 g) to moderately sized honeyeaters (40 g).


Detection of architectural distortion(AD) in mammograms is one of important approaches in breast cancer diagnosis.Using support vector machine(SVM) to detect AD can achieve high accuracy rate,but it is also with slow speed,making it not suitable for clinical application.To solve the above problems,a method to detect AD in mammograms based on relevance vector machine(RVM) is proposed.Firstly,the discrete wavelet transform is applied to extract features in region of interest(ROI).Then the cross validation(CV) method is used to determine the optimum type and parameters of RVM kernel function.Lastly,RVM is applied to classify the test samples to obtain the detection results of AD.The proposed method is evaluated on mammograms from the mammographic image analysis society(Mini-MIAS) and those from the breast cancer of Peking University People′s Hospital.The results show that compared with SVM method,the proposed method achieves essentially the same sensitivity with much higher speed of detection,which can shorten the detection time of AD more than 90%.The proposed method is more applicable for mammograms with different characteristics of both oriental and occidental women.


An analytical method is derived to determine the tearing resistance of a material using the double-cantilever-beam specimen. The analysis makes use of a beam-on-elastic foundation model to determine the elastic deflection of the specimen and the Dugdale model to simulate the stress field at the crack tip. J resistance curve of 2024-T3 aluminum material is obtained based on the experimentally observed load and crack extension and is compared with those deduced using compliance method and finite element method.


Receiving area for receiving a rod for coupling a bone anchoring element, comprising the reception area a receiving body (5) with a receiving piece rod (9) having a channel (12) for receiving the rod, and an area (16) receiving head for accommodating a head (3) of the bone anchoring element, having the zone (16) head receiving an open end (17) and being flexible to allow introduction and clamping of the head; one locking ring (8) surrounding the reception area of head, the locking ring exerting a force on the reception area there head to lock the head; and a ring preblocking (80, 80 ', 80' ', 80' '') surrounding the reception area of head, exerting ring prefixing a force on the reception area head in order to hold the head a preset condition, wherein the condition of fixing of the head, the locking ring (8) is movable relative to the ring preset (80, 80 ', 8' ', 80' '').


When in spring 2002 thousands of Argentineans protested against their government's economic policy, their anger was directed against, amongst other issues, the economic liberalization of the 1990s. After decades of protectionism, the Latin-American state followed the recommendation of the IMF, as did its neighbors, and systematically opened its markets of goods and capital. Critics of globalization considered the Argentinean crisis as an affirmation of their skepticism towards the "Washington consensus", namely the recipes of liberalization and deregulation. According to their interpretation, economic integration instigates socio-political conflicts because of the redistributive effects of liberalization. While capital owners and multinational firms profit from the renunciation of import substitution and other protectionist measures, the working population and the local industry are, in this perspective, the losers of the new policy. This view suggests that increasing social and political instability will accompany the "Rush to Free Trade" (Rodrik, 1994) onto which many developing countries have embarked within the past two decades. Although this thesis plays a central role in the debate on globalization, it was not systematically tested until now. The majority of the economic literature deals with the causes but not with the consequences of economic interdependence. The increasingly professional research on the causes of civil war refers only partially to economic conditions as potential explanations of intrastate conflicts.


India occupies sixth position globally in marine capture fish production. An estimated 1.0 million people are directly involved with fishing in India and 4.0 million people depend for their livelihood on the marine fisheries resources. The Indian marine fisheries sector is currently faced by several issues like over-capitalization, over-exploitation and climate change. The impacts of climate change on marine fisheries are amply visible in the Indian EEZ. The features associated with climate change like rise in sea surface temperature, change in season and intensity of monsoon, variation in current pattern, ocean acidification etc. are likely to make changes in the community structure and phenology of marine fishes. Such impacts have brought perceptible changes in the fishery of some species, forcing fisherfolk to make changes in fishing operations.
Fishes are poikilothermic–their body temperature varies with the surrounding environmental
thermal conditions. While most poikilothermic organisms are capable of functioning over a wide
range of temperatures, the metabolic costs of this are likely to be high. Some fishes are also
affected by climate change during embryonic development and in fishes exhibiting temperature-
dependent sex determination, differences in temperature as low as 1-2°C can significantly alter the
sex ratio of populations. Phenological changes also abound. Spawning activity has shifted in some
species to comparatively cooler months, and hatching success decreases at higher temperatures.
It has been predicted that pelagic fishes, which generally spawn year round, and have higher generation turnover, will adapt faster than their benthic counterparts. Adaptation at different rates will cause shifts in the current ecological balance, resulting in loss of biodiversity. Some species may also suffer changes in their distributional range. Thus, it has become exceedingly clear that the varied risks posed by global warming and climate change present a significant danger to the health and survival of the denizens of the marine world, necessitating timely action and global cooperation to avert such a disaster.


The incidence of and risk factors for Jarisch-Herxheimer (JH) reaction were investigated prospectively among 240 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and 115 HIV-uninfected patients with syphilis who received penicillin treatment. The overall rate of JH reaction was 31.5% (34.6% in HIV-infected patients and 25.2% in HIV-uninfected patients). In multivariate analysis, risk factors for JH reaction included high rapid plasma reagin (RPR) titers (per log(2) RPR increase, risk ratio [RR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.37), early syphilis (RR, 8.59; 95% CI, 4.75-15.56), and prior penicillin treatment (RR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.20-0.78).


In the reported study it was examined whether the modality effect in multimedia learning is caused either by more cognitive resources being available when studying pictures accompanied by auditory text or by the need to split attention between written text and pictures. Ninety-eight students learned about the development of tornados. They heard or read the verbal explanation concurrently with, before, or after the corresponding picture. Learning was measured by verbal recall, pictorial recall, and transfer. For pictorial recall a modality effect was found with simultaneous presentation but not with sequential presentation. This indicates that the modality effect is caused by a split of attention with visual text and picture and not by enhanced cognitive resources with auditory text and picture.


This article presents the fundamental principles of constitutionalism. The author reveals their meaning and system. In author's opinion each principle isn''t absolute. They can be fulfilled only together but restrict one another. They develop influenced by the social solidarity, which is one of the most important and general human society principles.


The invention discloses a method for utilizing waste heat of an aluminum electrolyzing cell. The method is characterized in that thermoelectric modules arranged on the outer wall of the aluminum electrolyzing cell can convert excessive heat energy generated by the aluminum electrolyzing cell into electric energy while keeping normal electrolyzing temperature in the aluminum electrolyzing cell; the thermoelectric modules acquires the heat energy by the outer wall of the aluminum electrolyzing cell; the low-temperature ends of the thermoelectric modules are cooled by wind or heat-conducting medium; the thermoelectric modules output the electric energy; and the aluminum electrolytic cell is provided with a plurality of the thermoelectric modules which are in series, parallel or series-parallel connection with each other. By adopting the method, the energy consumption in the aluminum electrolyzing process is reduced, and the energy utilization in aluminum electrolysis is improved by 0.5 to 5 percent; moreover, because a thermal balance control system of the aluminum electrolytic cell is added in the method, the original aluminum electrolytic process is not affected when the heat energy is utilized to generate the electric energy.


Let E be a locally free sheaf of rank r on a smooth projective surface S. The Quot scheme QuotSl(E) of length l coherent sheaf quotients of E is a natural higher-rank generalization of the Hilbert scheme of l points of S. We study the virtual intersection theory of this scheme. If C⊂S is a smooth canonical curve, we use cosection localization to show that the virtual fundamental class of QuotSl(E) is (−1)l times the fundamental class of the smooth subscheme QuotCl(E|C)⊂QuotSl(E). We then prove a structure theorem for virtual tautological integrals over QuotSl(E). From this, we deduce, among other things, the equality of virtual Euler characteristics χvir(QuotSl(E))=χvir(QuotSl(O⊕r)).


The purpose of this research is to improve the learning outcomes of Elementary School (ES) students through the implementation of Children Learning in Science (CLIS) in grade V SDN 1 Sudimampir Regency West Bandung (KBB). The research design was conducted using experimental research design. The study population is 60 students divided into two classes. Data collection techniques used include: tests, observations, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used were prerequisite analysis test consisting of: normality test, homogeneity, and final analysis using t-test. Based on the results of hypothesis test data learners learn that the value of t count of 2.941 and t table of 1.677 (t count > t table), so Ho rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of CLIS proved effective against the learners' learning outcomes in science learning material changes in the properties of objects.


CLASS (Communication Link Analysis and Simulation System) is a software package developed for NASA to predict the communication and tracking performance of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) services. The methods used to verify CLASS are described. The usefulness of a software tool such as CLASS depends strongly on the reliability and accuracy of the results it produces. For this reason, considerable attention was paid to validation throughout the CLASS development.


As many recreational tourists know, long queues of vehicles at park entrance stations during peak season are a problem for many national parks and monuments. In some instances, on holiday weekends the lines are known to extend 1 mi or more. Information is presented on the capacity of entrance stations as determined from data collected at Arches National Park in Utah, supplemented by data collected at Grand Canyon National Park. At Arches National Park the capacity of an entrance station lane is 112 vehicles per hour. This value can be used as a general guide by other parks. The service time per vehicle at a park entrance station will vary from park to park depending on (a) the proportion of visitors who hold a previously purchased pass (short transaction time), (b) the amount of printed information and safety advisories given to the visitor, (c) the proximity of a visitor center at which the visitor can ask questions, and (d) other factors. The capacity of an entrance station lane is important and useful information to the National Park Service for analyzing the number of needed lanes at an entrance station, the benefits of a lane dedicated to automated entry, and other possible solutions to the queuing problem. A number of national parks have implemented automated lanes at entrance stations. An overview of the operation of automated lanes also is provided.


The application of CTcP has been gradually increased in the printing markets because of its compatibility to the traditional Presensitized plate.In order to control the CTcP plate-making process and improve the dot reproduction quality,the dot reproduction characteristics in CTcP and CTF plate-making processes were researched by experimental method,in which a special test form was designed and 6 cases of platemaking experiments were carried out.Micro-structures of dots were detail analyzed too.The results showed that the dot reproduction characteristics are influenced by the platemaking process,screen ruling and output resolution.The CTcP process has better performance in dot reproduction with more accuracy,more uniformity,smoother reproduction curve,and better process controllability than CTF process.


The intelligent monitoring of complex scenes usually requires the adoption of different sensors depending on the type of application (i.e. radar, sonar, chemical, etc.). From the past few years, monitoring is mainly represented by visual-surveillance. In this field, the research has proposed great innovation improving the surveillance from the standard CCTV to modern systems now able to infer behaviors in limited contexts. Though, when environments allow the creation of complex scenes (i.e. crowds, clutter, etc.) robust solutions are still far to be available. In particular, one of the major problems is represented by the occlusions that often limit the performance of the algorithms. As matter of fact, the majority of the proposed visual surveillance solutions processes the data flow generated by a single camera. These methods fail to correctly localize an occluded object in the real environment. Stereo vision can be introduced to solve such a limit but the number of needed sensors would double. Thus, to obtain the benefits of the stereo vision discharging some of its drawbacks, a novel framework in stereo vision is proposed by adopting the sensors available in common visual-surveillance networks. In particular, we will focus on the analysis of a stereo vision system which is build from a pairs of heterogeneous sensors, i.e., static and PTZ cameras with a task to locate objects accurately.


A unique wide band receiver for radio astronomy has been designed and constructed. Receivers used for radio astronomy consist of two parts, the front end cold electronics and the back end warm electronics. While the cold electronics provides for a low noise amplifier and receiver calibrations, the warm electronics provides analog signal processing that shapes and filters the signals before digitizing. The following describes the unique features of the warm electronics receiver built by Caltech for installation on China's Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST).


An analysis is made of an oscillatory device consisting of two rods, one of which is driven at a certain frequency and one end of which impacts one end of the second rod. This is a particular case of a family of oscillators in which impacts between portions of the system are fundamental to their operation. The conditions under which oscillations can occur is discussed. Subharmonic oscillations may be generated, and consequently such devices may be used as simple mechanical frequency dividers. The qualitative behavior of such a device was checked experimentally and was found to be as predicted by the theory.


AbstractIn the light of increased public concern over transport of radioactive materials it is absolutely necessary to ensure the safety of the public and to protect the environment. Risk assessment activities have been undertaken, aiming to evaluate the risk categories that may arise either during accident free transport or in an accident during the transport of waste to the disposal centre. The radiological risks of transporting radioactive materials have been determined using probability safety assessment (PSA) techniques and have been evaluated in terms of the expected additional latent cancer fatalities, by using data generated on accident severities and frequencies. To generate input data, a large body of information available with national authorities was analysed. Two risks were estimated: that resulting from normal (accident free) transport and that resulting from transport accidents involving radioactive shipments. The accident risk calculation incorporated accident probabilities and package rel...


Abstract. In hyperspectral remote sensing imagery, the sensor, atmosphere, topography, and other factors often bring about some degradations, such as noise, haze, clouding, and shadowing. Due to inevitable tradeoff between spatial resolution and spectral resolution, low spatial details of hyperspectral images (HSIs) also limit the range of potential applications. Compensating for these degradations through quality improvement is a key preprocessing step in the exploitation of HSIs. A comprehensive analysis of the quality improvement techniques for HSIs is presented. The closely connected techniques, such as denoising, destriping, dehazing, cloud removal, and super-resolution, are linked as a whole by a general reconstruction model in a variational framework. Furthermore, we classify the methods into four categories according to their processing strategies for HSIs, including single-channel prior-based model, cross-channel prior-based model, tensor-based model, and data-driven prior-based model. Then, for several specific tasks, we briefly introduce their architectures of quality improvement, which combine different models and available complementary information from other spectral bands and/or temporal/sensor images. Some experimental results in different tasks are presented to show the effect of variational framework and draw some meaningful conclusions. Finally, some advantages on variational framework are discussed, and several promising directions are provided to serve as guidelines for future work.


The article is devoted to the impact of reflexive control technologies on the process of constructing an inclusive security architecture in the Middle East. The author analyzes various types of reflexive control technologies. The situation and processes in the Middle East are characterized, as well as the features of the functioning of the inclusive security architecture. The article provides examples of the use of various technologies of reflexive control by Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Israel. The author then attempts the effectiveness of the use of reflexive management technologies by individual states of the Middle East in the context of bilateral relations, as well as the expediency of Russia's application of reflexive management in relation to states and processes in the Middle East in order to achieve its national interests and strategic objectives.


Author(s): Adriana Zaharijevic
Title (English): Dreams about Time
Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture
Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje
Page Range: 64-65
Page Count: 2
Citation (English): Adriana Zaharijevic, "Dreams about Time," Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 1 (Summer 2020): 64-65.


T is commonly stated that on his third and last voyage Captain James Cook, the great navigator, discovered Nootka Sound, on the northwest coast of America. Though we now know as a fact that Juan Perez, the Spaniard, had preceded him by almost four years, yet Cook's discovery was officially published to the world soon after the return of his vessels, • and when, about sixteen years later, the Spanish government gave out the first brief account of Perez's voyage s it was too late to disturb the settled belief.


The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition containing a new virtue tree extract as an active ingredient. After the new virtue tree According to the present invention, a cosmetic composition is provided which contains a new virtue tree extract having anti-wrinkle, anti-oxidation activity and skin whitening effect as an active ingredient. New virtuous wood extract, fractions, whitening, anti-oxidation, anti-wrinkle


As I listened to Richard Connolly's memorable interpretation of James McAuley's life and work. I concluded that there was very little left to write or say. The testimony to his ultimate integrity, the quality on which his poetic achievement was finally based, had been given by persons who knew him well - Leonie Kramer, Alec Hope, John Douglas Pringle, among others. There was little left to write, except perhaps a personal memoir of an association of great significance to me, and perhaps of some significance to him.


The purpose of this research is to realize the significance of aged sports industry and to give some theoretical reference to constructing the aged sports industry of our nation from the points of view of resolving the social problem of aging population and deepening sports reform throughout putting up the conception of aged sports industry. This research expects to do some favor for developing the aged sports market and for leading aging population consumption and for high-quality living of the aged.


The factors affecting soil-Shatang citrus ecological system are investigated by soil geochemical characteristics analysis in Sihui city,Guangdong province.The research indicated that the earth\'s surface environment conditions,such as sunshine,temperature,humidity and terrain are important factors affecting the growth of Shatang citrus,while parent rock type of soil,physical-chemical qualities of soil(such as pH values,organic material content,exchangeable base cations and Eh values) are also affect in different degree on the soil-Shatang citrus ecological system.


It is increasingly evident that advanced forms of speculative value that have become the driving engine behind the inflated global art market are nonetheless inextricably bound to and dependent upon more informal market systems that operate through the spontaneous organization of exploitable, precarious, marginalized, and ultimately undervalued forms of labor. This fact makes labor a pivotal site where the linkages between these two purportedly independent markets (and their respective systems of value and exchange) come into focus and can be more tangibly assessed and critiqued. This paper will follow this current by first contextualizing the function of labor within two contrasting historical traditions/tendencies of art and cultural production that explicitly reference labor as an essential structuring condition of the work. It will then develop a detailed case study of a recent exchange between two contemporary media/video artists in Los Angeles that demonstrates the complexities of how the market value of art is implicated within a precarious trans-national wage labor system in the neoliberalist global economy.


Caniato, Michele. The jazz ensemble companion: a guide to outstanding big band arrangements selected by some of the foremost jazz educators. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Education, 2009. xix, 213 p. ISBN 9781607092773 (hbk.; alk. paper). ISBN 1607092778 (hbk.; alk. paper). ISBN 9781607092780 (pbk.; alk. paper). ISBN 1607092786 (pbk.; alk. paper). ISBN 9781607092797 (electronic). ISBN 1607092794 (electronic). LC 2009-015761.


The objective of this work is to determine the feasibility of using potassium permanganate to destroy or defunctionalize organic complexants in tank waste supernatant to facilitate metals removal. Parameters considered during this testing included dry permanganate addition versus permanganate solution addition (i.e., wet addition), operating time, permanganate concentration, operating temperature, and chelating organic source. The effects of permanganate addition upon total organic carbon, nitrite and distribution of {sup 90}Sr, {sup 241}Am, and {sup 238,239,240}Pu as well as bulk metals between the supernatant and solid phases will be discussed. In addition, the simulant and actual waste test results will be compared.


The peak intensity ratios of [M]+.vs. [MH]+ were measured in the fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra of readily available test compounds with 3-nitrobenzyl alcohol as the matrix. For simple aromatic amines, the ratio increases as the ionization energy of the substrate decreases. 4-Substituted benzophenones showed preferential formation of [MH]+ ions, regardless of the nature of the substituents. This is probably due to the fact that the benzophenoes have carbonyl groups which can form hydrogen bonds with the matrix molecule. The peak intensity ratio is roughly proportional to the Hammett σ+. Among 4-substituted biphenyls, both bromo and chloro substituents afforded abnormally high peak intensity ratios. The effects of the substituents in these compounds are discussed semi-quantitatively in terms of the Hammett correlation and the hard and soft acids and bases principle. The mechanism of ion formation in FAB and chemical ionization (CI) ion sources appeared to be different because some of the compounds studied showed an intense [M]+. peak with a relatively weak [MH]+ peak in FAB spectra but exhibited a strong [MH]+ peak in ordinary CI spectra.


The European Federation of Journalists and the International Federation of Journalists joined their member union in the United Kingdom and Ireland, the ...


Long-baseline interferometric observations of the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A on projected baselines of up to 34,000 lambda reveal that its structure at 81.5 MHz is remarkably similar to that observed with the VLA at 1381 MHz. Variations in spectral index over the source are apparent, but the measurements show that it does not contain a single steep-spectrum compact component with a flux density of more than a few Jy. These new findings are in sharp contrast with much of the existing low-frequency data on the remnant.


Herein, we report a simple green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) by the reduction of aqueous silver salt solution using leaf broth of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. The profile of synthesized silver nanoparticles was evaluated by using UV-visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffractometer, atomic force microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope and scanning electron microscope. Surface plasmon resonance peak of silver nanoparticles appeared at 425 nm in UV-vis spectra of silver nanoparticles. XRD studies clearly confirmed the crystalline nature of the synthesized nanoparticles. The EDX analysis disclosed the arranged inorganic composition of the synthesized Ag NPs. Atomic force microscopy investigation revealed 3D surface profile of nanoparticles. From the SEM images, the silver nanoparticles were found to be more or less spherical with an average diameter range of 110-250 nanometers.


Phosphorescent organic light emitting device (PHOLEDTM) technology has demonstrated record high efficiencies and long operational stability. Here we report on the introduction of an additional charge transporting dopant into the device emissive layer to further improve the luminous efficiency and device lifetime. The performance enhancement is attributed to the separation of polarons and excitons in the device emissive layer, which results in reduced triplet-triplet and triplet-polaron interactions as well as minimizing self quenching and reabsorption. Specifically we report a 50% improvement in the luminous efficiency of a red PHOLED and a 3 fold improvement of the device lifetime due to the use of dual doping. A dual doped sRGB red device with 28 cd/A and the lifetime over 300,000h at 1,000 nits is demonstrated.


ABSTRACT Given the efficiency loss regarding the Chinese capital market, it is necessary to examine ways to improve pricing efficiency. Thus, this study considers A-share market listed companies (2005–2019) and adopts the proxy variable of pricing efficiency from the price adjustment speed to examine the effect of exchange traded funds (ETFs) holding shares on stock pricing efficiency. It also examines the effect of ETFs' entry and exit regarding the underlying stocks on the stock pricing efficiency relative to traditional mutual funds. Accordingly, the pricing efficiency of ETF-holding stocks is significantly higher than that of stocks not held by ETFs. Pricing efficiency is significantly improved after ETFs enter the underlying stocks. Contrarily, there is a significant decline in pricing efficiency when ETFs exit the underlying stocks. Moreover, whereas ETFs can help improve the pricing efficiency of the Chinese stock market, traditional mutual funds have somewhat harmed market pricing efficiency. Further, mediating effect model tests showed that ETF improves the stock pricing efficiency mainly via a trading rather than a governance channel. Thus, this study provides a new theoretical basis for improving the pricing efficiency of China's capital market.


Work on PHIGS PLUS is nearly finished. A final editing meeting was held in November in Hood River, Oregon, to consider the comments received in the final round of voting. This meeting was attended by delegates from France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Final text was prepared and has been submitted to ISO for publication. It should be available from ANSI in the third quarter of 1992. As part of the normal standards maintenance mechanism, ISO has established a PHIGS defects reporting committee. The U.S. members of this are David Larson from Hewlett-Packard and Tom Gaskins from Sound Software. They are currently working on a group of 39 defects which have been reported to ISO. Most are simply matters of clarification. A U.S. position on these defect reports is being prepared. Two ad hoc subgroups of X3H3.1 have been active for several months studying two areas of possible extension to PHIGS. One area is considering the impact of adding specific support for window management systems to PHIGS. At present, the subgroup appears to be leaning toward a group of registration items which would allow consistent behavior of PHIGS when operating in a windowing environment. The other subgroup is preparing a strawman specification for processing non-retained data in PHIGS. A trial implementation of the resulting "immediate mode" specification will then be conducted to evaluate the feasibility of submitting the specification for formal standardization. This project is intended to address requirements of some applications who simply wish to use PHIGS to paint on the display surface without having to store the graphical elements in structures. Once important use of this functionality is to allow an application to create its own quick update methods.


The Suban gas field is located in the north western Corridor Block Production Sharing Contract (PSC) Area which is operated by ConocoPhillips Indonesia Inc Ltd. The Suban reservoir covers an area of 96 km 2 and contains a gas column in excess of 1000 meters of gas column. The reservoir is geologically complex and consists of Tertiary age limestone reef, sandstone and conglomerate overlying fractured pre-Tertiary basement. The Suban water injection study focused on constructing a mechanistic sector model to evaluate the injection of produced water into the basement reservoir and predict the water disposal response and impact on offset producers. This study used a mechanistic approach with explicitly gridded fractures to model the impact of water injection into the Suban fracture basement. The model focused on the area containing the Well-A5, Well-A7 and Well-A8 wells that were candidates for a field injection trial. These wells we are previously used as a pressure observation wells on the flank of the field and are +/- 2-4 km from the closest producing wells in the reservoir section. Fractured basement reservoirs have a high degree of heterogeneity and complex geological characteristics. They have always faced major challenges and risk in both the exploration and production phases. A wide range of reservoir and fracture descriptions were used to evaluate the impact of injection into the Suban fracture basement.


To the Editor: We read with great interest the article by Mody et al. on assessment of pneumonia in elderly patients, and we would like to contribute to this topic, presenting data obtained on 125 elderly patients consecutively admitted with a diagnosis of pneumonia to our Acute Care for the Elderly Medical Unit (ACE-MU) in Brescia, Italy, during a 14-month period. Admission to the ACE-MU is mainly through the emergency department (82%). We have compared the characteristics and the survival at 6 months of pneumonia inpatients admitted with and without functional impairment. A trained staff of geriatricians performed a multidimensional evaluation, including information on demographics (age, sex, education, living site before admission and after discharge, living conditions, and caregiver or formal support availability), cognitive and affective status, physical health, functional abilities, and social support, on the first day after admission using a standard protocol. Cognitive status was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination and depressive symptoms using the Geriatric Depression Scale. Self-reported disability was assessed using the Barthel Index (the lower the score, the higher the degree of disability) and the Lawton and Brody instrumental activity of daily living scale. A premorbid Barthel Index score (2 weeks before admission) of less than 90 was considered to be a marker of disability. Somatic health was evaluated by the detection of single symptomatic diseases uncontrolled by therapy and comorbidity (computed using the Charlson index). Severity of pneumonia was measured according to Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and APACHE II acute physiologic subscore (the higher the score, the higher the severity). The number of currently administered drugs was also recorded. Pneumonia was diagnosed according to clinical signs and chest radiography, and treatment was performed according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines. Six-month mortality was the outcome measure of the analysis. Table 1 gives the demographic, functional, and clinical characteristics of the population affected by pneumonia according to their premorbid functional status. As expected, severity of somatic, biological, psychological, and functional conditions was higher in patients with pneumonia with premorbid functional impairment than in those without functional impairment; 6-month mortality was significantly higher in patients with functional impairment (34.4%) than in independent patients (14.1%). We have reasons to agree and disagree with the results of Mody et al. Our patients with pneumonia had similar


This round table is a new installment in the series of round tables devoted by the Societe d'Etudes Anglaises Contemporaines to recent British literature and follows in the steps of the SEAC 2013 symposium on contemporary British literature (Ebc 45) and of a first round table (2013, Ebc 47). The present round table focuses on recent titles that offer different insights into fiction's relation to the present, in direct link with the central topic of the present issue.


Model tests of a top-tensioned riser model were carried out as a part of a joint industry project, with the purpose of verifying the calculations of the riser analysis program RIFLEX. Sinusoidal motion in one direction was imposed at the top end of the riser model to simulate vessel motion. The tests were carried out in still water. Bending strain and acceleration were measured in both in-line (IL) and cross-flow (CF) directions along the riser model, so that the global response could be obtained through post-processing of the measured signals. Numerical simulations were performed and the results were compared with results from the model tests. This paper discusses interesting aspects of this comparison as well as the general dynamic behaviour of the top tensioned riser. It was found that the dynamic responses of a top tensioned riser with vessel motion can consist of not only the in-line responses due to vessel motion at the riser top end, but also cross-flow vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) under conditions when Keulegan–Carpenter number is relatively small. Cross-flow VIV response is estimated using the VIVANA software and compared to the measured response. The main conclusion is however that the riser analysis program RIFLEX can predict the global dynamic responses sufficiently well.


Tungsten disulfide, which possesses a well-defined layered structure, has been intensively studied as an anode material for lithium ion batteries, but it usually suffers from poor cycling stability because of its large volume changes during lithium insertion and extraction processes. Herein, we develop a self-assembled double carbon coating to enhance the anode performance of WS2 via a self-assembly process between oleylamine-coated WS2 nanosheets and graphene oxide and subsequent pyrolysis treatment. When employed as an anode material for lithium ion batteries, the as-prepared WS2@C/reduced graphene oxide (WS2@C/RGO) composite exhibits excellent cycling stability and rate capability when compared to WS2@C nanosheets. A reversible capacity of 486 mA h g–1 and around 90% capacity retention were obtained after 200 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g–1. Even under 10 A g–1, a high reversible capacity of 126 mA h g–1 can be retained. The good electrochemical performance could be attributed to the external ...


Tests were concluded by a testing apparatus for ROTT/HOTT, which could continuously control the gasket temperature up to 450°C, under either the stress controlled condition or the strain controlled condition, while the conventional tests were conducted under the stress/strain mixed condition with the temperature fluctuation. The sealing performance of asbestos and non-asbestos gaskets was examined. For the non-asbestos SWG (Spiral wound gaskets) tested by the HOTT, the values of Tp at temperature 210°C and 300°C are distributed over 103 ∼104 , while the value of Tp at 420°C is shifted to the relatively lower level of 102 ∼103 . The non-asbestos SWG has same sealing performance as the substitute for the asbestos SWG between 210°C∼420°C. The PHOTT (Preheated Hot Operational Tightness Test, proposed in this study) is also carried out to compare the evaluation of sealing performance at 300°C with that at 210°C. The difference of sealing performance between the HOTT and the PHOTT at 300°C appears. The PHOTT is unavailable as a simplified substitutive test for the HOTT.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


Digital libraries will replicate many of the features of traditional libraries, but they may also draw on techniques developed by video rental companies and bookstores in making information both readily accessible and attractively presented. A generalized schema for global information systems of this type is essential; it must address issues of data structure and system interoperability so that information of all types can be freely exchanged across whatever platforms may develop in the future. The ability to search, identify, and retrieve not only text but recorded sound and complex images depends on a systematic approach to handles and metadata. The mode of access to data will be partly determined by economic and social forces and could require additional tagging. The global digital library may well be an inevitable next stage in the evolution of information sharing, but its implementation requires a plan that addresses the complexities of these issues on a broadly conceived and coherent basis. "In the end, the location of the new economy is not in the technology, be it the microchip or the global telecommunications network. It is the human mind."


[1] The annular nature of the leading patterns of the Northern Hemisphere winter extratropical circulation variability is revisited. The analysis relies on principal component analysis (PCA) of tropospheric geopotential height fields and lagged correlations with the stratospheric polar vortex strength and with a proxy of midlatitude tropospheric zonal mean zonal momentum anomalies. Results suggest that two processes, occurring at different times, contribute to the Northern Annular Mode (NAM) spatial structure. Polar vortex anomalies appear to be associated with midlatitude tropospheric zonal mean zonal wind anomalies occurring before the stratospheric anomalies. After the polar vortex anomalies, zonal mean zonal wind anomalies of the same sign are observed in the troposphere at high latitudes. The timescale separation between the two signals is about 2 weeks. It is suggested that the leading tropospheric variability patterns found in the literature represent variability associated with both processes. The tropospheric variability patterns which appear to respond to the polar vortex variability have a hemispheric scale but show a dipolar structure only over the Atlantic basin. The dipole resembles the North Atlantic Oscillation pattern (NAO), but with the node line shifted northward.


Based on the current blockchain technology, a new member point platform was built jointly by the companies from different industries this year. In order to make this platform more efficiently, we should make arrangement for logistics, current funds and supply-chain management system in advance. Therefore, the forecast on the customers of the platform is important for a system. In this paper, we showed the time series dataset abstracted from the member point platform system, gave a comparison of the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network model and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model with the prediction effectiveness on the number of new increased users on this platform, and analyzed both disadvantages and advantages of the two models.


This paper presents a novel network structure with illumination-aware gamma correction and complete image modelling to solve the low-light image enhancement problem. Low-light environments usually lead to less informative large-scale dark areas, directly learning deep representations from low-light images is insensitive to recovering normal illumination. We propose to integrate the effectiveness of gamma correction with the strong modelling capacities of deep networks, which enables the correction factor gamma to be learned in a coarse to elaborate manner via adaptively perceiving the deviated illumination. Because exponential operation introduces high computational complexity, we propose to use Taylor Series to approximate gamma correction, accelerating the training and inference speed. Dark areas usually occupy large scales in low-light images, common local modelling structures, e.g., CNN, SwinIR, are thus insufficient to recover accurate illumination across whole low-light images. We propose a novel Transformer block to completely simulate the dependencies of all pixels across images via a local-to-global hierarchical attention mechanism, so that dark areas could be inferred by borrowing the information from far informative regions in a highly effective manner. Extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods.