The invention relates to an electronic component, especially a laminate component, that comprises a dielectric element and at least one electrode. The dielectric element contains a composite material from a dielectric, ceramic material and an organic polymer. In order to produce the electronic component, the dielectric, ceramic material is mixed with a suitable monomer, the resulting compound is shaped and the monomer is polymerized. The inventive material facilitates the production of dimensionally stable ceramic elements that are processed to capacitors, antennae or other passive components by applying electrodes thereon. It is no longer necessary to sinter the electronic components.


The insecticidal activities and ability to synergize DDT of 16 fluorine-containing structural analogs of DDT were determined.

Of the 2,2-difluoro-1,1-di- p -halophenyl derivatives of ethane, ethanol and ethyl acetate, the p -bromo- and p -chloro- compounds were about equally toxic to susceptible house flies ( Musca domestica L.) and the p -fluoro-compounds were less toxic. The ethane, ethanol, and ethyl acetate derivatives decreased in toxicity in the order given. The t1uorodiphcnylethenes were not significantly toxic to house flies.

Maximum synergistic activity with DDT occurred in those derivatives containing p -chloro- or bromo-groups, fluoro- being inferior in all cases. Synergistic activity varied with the nature of the group attached to the alpha carbon atom in the following order: OH>H>OCOCH3. The fluorodiphenylethenes were the least active p -halophenyl synergists. The difluorodiphenyl compounds containing no halogen substituent in the benzene ring were devoid of synergistic activity.


The study of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems is becoming increasingly important both as part of design/engineering and in the modeling of biomedical processes. Examples include the design of new fighter aircraft, the study of the dynamics of heart valves, and the design of prosthetic heart valves. FSI problems are highly coupled and highly nonlinear problems which are challenging to solve. Furthermore, the solution of the discretized system of nonlinear equations is particularly challenging in cases where the solid and the fluid have densities of similar size; this is typically the case for the simulation of biomedical processes involving the deformation of tissue. In such cases, a simple fixed point iteration, in which the solution from a fluid solver is used to impose Neumann boundary conditions for a structure (elasticity), followed by an update of the fluid domain based on the structure solution (via the solution of an auxiliary problem for the update of the fluid mesh), may fail to converge. Instead, a more coupled approach such as a Newton or quasi-Newton method must be employed. In this note, we study the use of Newton's method to solve the fully coupled FSI problem. Typically, a Lagrangian formulation is used to describe the solid; that is, the solid equations are solved on a fixed reference domain (the initial configuration), while an ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian) formulation is used to describe the fluid. This means that the fluid domain is changing throughout the simulation of a time-dependent problem. The differentiation of the FSI problem, which is required to formulate Newton's method, therefore involves a differentiation with respect to the changing domain of the fluid problem. Such shape differentiation can indeed be used to derive the full Jacobian of the FSI problem; see Fernandez and Moubachir [3]. We here study an alternative approach based on mapping the fluid problem back to the initial configuration of the fluid domain. This alternative is advantageous since it allows the use of straightforward differentiation on a fixed domain. This also allows the use of existing tools for automatic differentiation of finite element variational forms such as those developed as part of the FEniCS Project [5-7]. The FEniCS form language UFL [1] is a domain-specific language for finite element variational forms which allows the FSI problem to be expressed in a language close to the mathematical notation. Forms may be differentiated automatically, and automatically assembled into matrices and vectors. The methodology is here applied to the fully nonlinear time-dependent FSI problem modeled by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and the St. Venant-Kirchoff nonlinear hyperelastic model.


The static compress and creep property of the Kenaf core buffer packing materials were studied.Comparing the analysis results,it indicates that the Kenaf core buffer packing material is a good elastic material with feasible hardness and compression strength.Under the external force action,it has no obvious yield point and is hard to collapse.The material shows outstanding cushioning property in a broad stress range and can keep its superior cushioning property after many impacts.The Kenaf core buffer packing material has a fine anti-creep property.By comparison,the creep ratio of the material in pre-test stage(1h before) is greater than the latter(24h after),in which the creep curve is nearly a beeline.The biggest creep ratio and residual strain rises with increasing static stress.Tested with different compressive loadings at 13.5kg(static stress52.92kPa),19kg(static stress74.4kPa) and 30kg(static stress117.6kPa) respectively,the greatest creep ratio corresponding is 0.0367%,0.0417%,0.050%,then unloading the material,after 24h,the residual strain being 0.0210%,0.0245%,0.0323%.


Polyaniline nanocomposites containing various concentrations of carboxylic acid functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PANI/c-MWCNT) were synthesized by in situ chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline monomer using ammonium persulfate in the absence of any added acids. The electrical conductivity measurements evidenced the effect of COOH groups of c-MWCNTs on PANI units. The morphology of PANI/c-MWCNT nanocomposites was studied using transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The uniform and thick coating of PANI on the c-MWCNT surface was observed. The electrical conductivity of PANI/c-MWCNT (3 wt%) nanocomposite is recorded about three orders of magnitude higher than that of pure PANI. In addition, the increase in the conductivity with respect to temperature revealed the semiconductor behavior of the nanocomposites. Similarly, the dielectric permittivity of the nanocomposites enhanced from 3.34 to 10.2 at 1 kHz as the c-MWCNT concentration increased from 0.5 to 3 wt%. The loss tangent was still low (<0.025) even at a higher concentration of c-MWCNT, i.e., 3 wt%. The response of permittivity to temperature is increased with increasing the c-MWCNT concentration in the nanocomposite. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 32: E760–E770, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21319


Indian honey bees are the important managed pollinators of several agricultural and horticultural crops in India. At present, bee colony decline is the biggest crisis amongbeekeepers. The use of neonicotinoid insecticides is considered the prime factor, and they were found to cause a direct impact on bees by mortality and indirectly impair the foraging behavior of bees. Hence, the study aimed to assess the impact of neonicotinoids on the foraging activity of Indian honey bees. The neonicotinoids viz., imidacloprid 17.8 SL, clothianidin 50 WDG, thiamethoxam 25 WG, and thiacloprid 21.7 SC, along with organophosphate dimethoate 30 EC (chemical check) and control (no spray) were sprayed at field recommended doses on cotton crop. Foraging activity of the bees,viz.,incoming foragers with nectar and pollen load and outgoing foragers were counted at the hive entrance during the morning (09.00-11.00), afternoon (13.00-15.00), and evening (16.00-18.00) hours of the day. The data were recorded at pre-treatment count and posttreatment count on different day intervals viz., 1DAS, 3DAS, 7DAS, and 15DAS. The mean number of incoming nectar, pollen foragers, and outgoing foragers were recorded to be maximum in control than neonicotinoid-treated plots. Hence, the reduction in foraging activity may lead to areduction in the food storage area and brood area ultimately lesseningthe overall colony growth. It's always better to avoid spraying cotton crop during the flowering period using neonicotinoids to dodge the residues even though cotton is not a food crop; meanwhile, it will safeguard the pollinators.


1703 Objectives: FLT PET has been used to non-invasively assess tumor proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with promising results. In addition, quantitative FLT PET imaging may provide a means of accurately assessing tumor response to cell cycle targeted therapies. However, current efforts at quantification are limited to metrics involving the entire tumor treated as a single volume of interest (VOI). We investigated the feasibility of generating parametric images mapping the voxel-by-voxel flux (KFLT) for FLT phosphorylation from dynamic FLT PET images, using a two-compartment model. Other parametric images such as that of K1 (FLT transport) were generated for a comprehensive understanding of the FLT kinetic model. Methods: Voxel-by-voxel kinetic analysis of FLT dynamic studies was performed using the VOXULUS kinetic modeling software (Philips Medical Systems) for 17 NSCLC patients, generating parametric images of the FLT model. VOXULUS is unique in that it uses closed-form analytical solutions to model time activity curves (TACs), permitting accelerated processing of parametric images. In addition, as cross-validation, VOXULUS modeling results generated from TACs derived from tumor VOIs were compared with the modeling results obtained using the PMOD software package (PMOD group, Switzerland). Results: Parametric images of the rate-constants characterizing the FLT model (KFLT, K1, k2, k3, k4 and Vb) were generated for all patients. KFLT images appeared visually similar to the 30-60 minute FLT distribution images, with K1 images providing information related to FLT transport. KFLT measures estimated from tumor VOIs with VOXULUS agreed very well with modeling results obtained using the PMOD package for multiple VOI definitions (Spearman's rank rho > 0.9). Conclusions: Using voxel-by-voxel compartmental analysis, quantitative KFLT parametric maps can be used to visualize proliferative regions in NSCLC patients. This method correlates well with compartmental analysis performed on VOIs, but presents the advantage of demonstrating biological heterogeneity within a tumor. In turn, this will facilitate future efforts for improved tumor volume definitions in radiation therapy planning procedures. Research Support (if any): This study is supported by NIH grants CA 107264 and CA 115559.


The utility model discloses a split type steel welding operation platform, which belongs to operation platforms for steel structure construction and comprises a first base, a second base and an enclosure component. The first base adopts a plate structure, and two laterally-extending support legs are arranged at the two ends of the plate structure; the second base adopts a plate structure and is fixed on the two support legs of the first base to form a hollow base together with the plate structure of the first base; the enclosure component is arranged on the base formed after the first base and the second base are connected; and an steel operation platform is formed through surrounding the circumference on the base. The steel platform, with simple structure, less components and convenient assembly and disassembly in case of being used at high altitude, avoids the problems that the conventional scaffold steel platform is provided with a plurality of components, so that the shedding or troubles of partial steel pipes can be generated, and the construction safety is affected.


As economic and social activities continue to increase, transportation is increasingly contributing to climate change, air pollution and other environmental damage. The growing concerns about the sustainability of transportation are forcing everyone in this field to think about solutions to keep our mobility environmentally, economically and socially sustainable. To provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and experiences from industry, academia and the public sector, we have recently held a series of seminars and the first Distributed/Decentralized Hybrid Workshop on Sustainability for Transportation and Logistics (DHW-STL), part of Distributed/Decentralized Hybrid Symposia on Sustainability for Transportation and Logistics (DHS-STL), and Distributed/Decentralized Hybrid Conferences on Sustainability for Transportation and Logistics (DHC-STL). This letter provides a brief report of the First DHW-STL and discusses the potentials, possibilities and perspectives driven by Intelligent Vehicles (IV) technologies to achieve sustainable intelligent systems for transportation and logistics.


Could the Montanists have included any of the Nag Hammadi writings among the "infinite number" of writings that Hippolytus of Rome reports they considered authoritative?Hippolytus, Haer. 8.19 (ed. Marcovich, 338). Heresiological sources give us little information regarding what might have been included within a Montanist canon. We know from the Church Fathers that the New Prophecy possessed its own inspired writings.Eusebius, Hist. eccl. 6.20.3 (SC 41:120); Didymus, Trin. 3.41 (PG 39:84); and later, Jerome, Ep. 41("Ad Marcellam"); Pacian of Barcelona, Ep. 1 ad Symp. 2. Indeed, in the fourth century Eusebius charges them with having created "new scriptures"Eusebius, Hist. eccl. 6.20.3 (SC 41:120); see also 5.18.5 in which Apollonius reports that the Montanist Themiso composed a new "catholic" epistle. In 5.16.17 Eusebius's anonymous source refers to "a work according to Asterius Urbanus" to introduce an oracle.—presumably the collections of oracular statements that Hippolytus claims circulated under the names of Montanus, Prisca and Maximilla, and about which the bishop of Rome complains that "they allege that they have learned more from these than from the law, and the prophets and the Gospels."Hippolytus, Haer. 8.19; see also Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7 on the Montanists' mistaken theological interpretations of the scriptures. On the other hand, Eusebius's late contemporary, Epiphanius, makes it clear that members of the New Prophecy did not reject more traditional scriptures.See Epiphanius, Pan. 48.7 and Eusebius, Hist. eccl. 5.17.3 on the Montanist use of the Hebrew Scriptures, including Gen 2:21, Num 12:7, Isa 1:2 and 6:1, and Ezek 4:8–12—all passages that justify ecstatic prophecy. The Christian canon was not yet fixed before the fourth century, making the categories of "canonical" versus "non-canonical" unhelpful here. Christine Trevett, Montanism: Gender, Authority and the New Prophecy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996) 132, suggests that the Montanists most likely knew and used the popular Shepherd of Hermas—part of many early canons although rejected as too recent a composition by the Muratorian Canon—as well as the non-canonical Apocalypse of Peter. For their barbs against their theological opponents, they adopted Matthew's castigation of "prophet-slayers";Compare, for instance, Eusebius, Hist. eccl. 5.16.12 with Matt 23:34. The Anonymous also quotes Matt 7:15; Apollonius quotes Matt 10:9–10 and 12:33. they also certainly favored Paul, upon whom they appeared to have drawn to justify their stance on prophecy, and—certainly by the fourth century—the Gospel of John, for their notion that Montanus himself was the Paraclete or "Spirit of God."An overview of the subject can be found in F. E. Vokes, "The Use of Scripture in the Montanist Controversy," in Studia Evangelica: Papers Presented to the International Congress of the Four Gospels in 1957 (Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1959) 317–20. For a refutation of the widely-held assumption that the Montanists drew upon the Gospel of John to assert that Montanus was the Paraclete, see Ronald E. Heine, "The Role of the Gospel of John in the Montanist Controversy," SecCent 6 (1987) 1–19. See also Trevett, Montanism, 129–31, who remains uncommitted as to whether or not the Montanists used the Fourth Gospel, but who emphasizes the importance of Paul. Their use of the Book of Revelation has been widely debated, but seems likely.Trevett, Montanism, 130ff. The argument for the primacy of Revelation in Montanist circles was first made by Hans von Campenhausen in Ecclesiastical Authority and Spiritual Power (trans. J. A. Baker; Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1969) 47–48; see also W. M. Calder, "Philadelphia and Montanism," BJRL 7 (1923) 309–54. But could the Montanists have read—and considered authoritative—any of the writings now preserved in the Nag Hammadi Library?


Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is one of the major global public health problems. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps to prevent transmission of HIV from infected pregnant women to the un-born babies. ART adherence rate, as high as 95% is crucial to effectively decrease maternal viral load and risk of vertical transmission of HIV. The aim of this study was to evaluate ART adherence level among HIV positive pregnant women in Ayder referral hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2016 at Ayder referral hospital. All HIV positive pregnant women who were on ART follow up during the study period were included. Data were collected through direct interview of participants and review of their medical records. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software.Results: A total of 41 HIV-positive pregnant women were interviewed. The mean age was 30.1 ± 2.3 years. Thirty eight (92.7%) participants were within the age group of 20-34 years. Forty participants (97.6%) were disclosed their HIV status to their husband and/or families. Nineteen (46.3%) participants were taking ART medication for less than 2 years. Thirty nine participants had good adherence rate (≥ 95%). Illiterate participants had lower adherence rate (71.4%) as compared to literates. The common reasons for missing a dose in the last one month were forgetfulness and side effect of the drug.Conclusions: This study showed a good ART adherence among HIV positive pregnant women. The main reasons for missing a dose in the last one month were forgetfulness and side effect of the drug.


Objective To evaluate the role of CT in quantitative assessment for hepatic steatosis.Methods We retrospectively assessed 215 liver grafts used in orthotopic liver transplantation (LT) from January 2006 to December 2009.Pathology and CT data were reviewed.The correlation between liver steatosis level and CT value of the liver were analyzed.The ratio of liver-spleen,liver-descending aorta,liver-inferior vena cava were calculated. Results There were 52 steatosis grafts diagnosed by pathologist and the steatosis level was from 2.78% to 56.8%.The CT value of the liver,the ratio of liver-spleen,liverdescending aorta,liver-inferior vena cava was 41.3 ± 7.5 HU,0.89 ± 0.16,1.02 ± 0.16,1.04 ± 0.15,respectively.There were significant linear negative correlation between the steatosis level and the CT value,the ratio of liver-spleen,liver-descending aorta and liver-inferior vena cava. The correlation index was -0.881,-0.817,-0.951 and -0.948,respectively. Conclusions The CT value of the liver,the ratio of liver-spleen,liver-descending aorta and liver-inferior vena cava could be used to quantitatively evaluate liver steatosis.The ratio of liver-descending aorta was the most sensitive index.

Key words:
Fatty liver; Tomography, spiral computed


18508 Background: High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplanatation has become standard of care for patients with relapsed, chemosensitive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). In an...


Conflicts between man and animal have existed and persisted for a very long time. The most common sources of conflict are predation and destruction of crops, as well as land, caused by wild animals. Studies have shown that the most usual causes influencing attitudes are profession, previous experiences, proximity to wildlife (i.e. where you live) and if you own any animals such as livestock and pets. In this study we compare attitudes between two groups of people with socio-demographic differences in Kenya. One group consists of rural residents of the Maasai tribe, who are pastoralists and keep livestock and/or farmland for a living. These Maasai live in community-based conservancies, which gives the local residents some income by wildlife and wildlife-related tourism. The other group consists of urban residents who work as bankers, opticians and mechanics etc. in the city of Mombasa. This last group have no contact with wild animals in their everyday life while the Maasai live close to the wildlife and usually come in contact with them on a daily basis. This study also compares the attitudes reflected in the interviews between these two groups of people with the prevailing attitudes of Swedish residents concerning the persisting wolf conflict there.

This study reveals that even though all of the rural respondents had personal experiences from predation and/or destruction of crops and farmland they were all positive towards the wildlife in the area. They all acknowledged that there were problems with wildlife but that the benefits received from them in form of money, employment and education were of greater importance than the negative ones. The majority of the urban respondents reflected on wildlife in a positive manner. However, they were of a different opinion as to why they regarded wild animals as something positive than the Maasai were. Their responses were emotionally stressed as they talked about the animals as "beautiful creatures" rather than sources of money.

Studies in Sweden show that attitudes towards wolves shift with distance from their territories; the closer people live to a wolf territory the more negative the residents seem to be towards the animal. This means that it is mostly rural residents who hold negative attitudes towards the wolf in Sweden. But what would happen if the Swedish government would implement benefit systems in accordance to the ones in the Maasai communities studied in this thesis? Would the attitudes shift and become more positive towards the animal in similarity to the Maasai communities?


A couple of years ago, when I was teaching in Middle Tennessee, a student that we will call "Johnny" signed up for "ag class." After about a week of lessons and videos pertaining to what he could do when he grew up, Johnny began to let me have it. "What's all this talk about career education, and why do I have to learn all of this leadership stuff. This is silly, I don't care about working with others and talking in front of people!" Little Johnny expressed the views many of his classmates had from time to time. However, that "leadership stuff" serves as the core material of any program built to prepare students for a career in agriculture. Agricultural education is faced with the challenge of providing young people with more opportunities than ever before in leadership and personal development for career and societal success. In 1998, vanLinden and Fertman found that "employers are more interested in adolescents who are leaders". Just ask your local feed store representative or computer salesman or tractor dealer. They will tell you leadership qualities are what they are looking for and that leadership qualities are what new hires are lacking the most. The National Association of Colleges and Employers conducted a study where six of the top seven skills desired by employers of new graduates were leadership related (Table 1). The same study listed the top ten personal qualities that employers seek (Table 2). FFA and other youth organizations have done a tremendous job of preparing leaders, but do all students in agricultural education programs take advantage of membership in the FFA? The answer is no. There is another tool to help our students in career education. We propose a comprehensive model for a formal leadership education curriculum that could better prepare our students for their careers. Such a model could supplement existing leadership opportunities and complete the arsenal of leadership knowledge that formal and non-formal agricultural education program can provide young people the skills needed to compete and be successful. The Model for Youth Leadership Development consists of five dimensions of leadership that should be taught or facilitated in three different stages. Each dimension represents the competencies of leadership that should be taught for students to successfully enter the "world of work." If an educator uses the model as a curriculum guide they could teach a unit on each dimension at each stage. Model of Youth Leadership Development Each stage of the Model for Youth Leadership Development, awareness, interaction, and integration calls on the educator to teach the competencies utilizing higher order thinking and learning procedures. A description of each stage follows: * Awareness - At this stage leadership is not a part of the student's life, but he/she is becoming aware of it. * Interaction - At this stage the student is starting to think about leadership and wants to explore. * Integration - At this stage the individual is focused on improving leadership skills and abilities. The model can be used to develop a specific curriculum for teaching leadership or it can be used as a guide for demonstrating the those skills that employers want in new employees. The dimensions of the leadership model are listed below: Leadership Knowledge and Information The dimension of "leadership knowledge and information" represents what youth need to know about leaders and leadership before they proceed with application of the leadership concepts. …


Abstract This article focuses on the relationship between a measure of creativity and the human brain network for subjects in a brain connectome dataset obtained using a diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging procedure. We identify brain regions and interconnections that have a significant effect on creativity. Brain networks are often expressed in terms of symmetric adjacency matrices, with row and column indices of the matrix representing the regions of interest (ROI), and a cell entry signifying the estimated number of fiber bundles connecting the corresponding row and column ROIs. Current statistical practices for regression analysis with the brain network as the predictor and the measure of creativity as the response typically vectorize the network predictor matrices prior to any analysis, thus failing to account for the important structural information in the network. This results in poor inferential and predictive performance in presence of small sample sizes. To answer the scientific questions discussed above, we develop a flexible Bayesian framework that avoids reshaping the network predictor matrix, draws inference on brain ROIs and interconnections significantly related to creativity, and enables accurate prediction of creativity from a brain network. A novel class of network shrinkage priors for the coefficient corresponding to the network predictor is proposed to achieve these goals simultaneously. The Bayesian framework allows characterization of uncertainty in the findings. Empirical results in simulation studies illustrate substantial inferential and predictive gains of the proposed framework in comparison with the ordinary high-dimensional Bayesian shrinkage priors and penalized optimization schemes. Our framework yields new insights into the relationship of brain regions with creativity, also providing the uncertainty associated with the scientific findings. Supplementary materials for this article, including a standardized description of the materials available for reproducing the work, are available as an online supplement.


A method for producing a hydrocarbon mixture (14) into synthesis gas (12), comprising a first step of the conversion process or pre-reforming step, wherein said hydrocarbon mixture comprising (14) and water vapor (16) processing the mixture (18) a preliminary catalytic conversion reaction, thereby obtaining a partial conversion product comprising hydrogen, carbon oxides and hydrocarbons (22); and a second step, or main reforming step, in which the partial conversion product (22) was transformed complete the reaction, thereby obtaining said synthesis gas (12), said pre-reforming step is carried out under isothermal conditions false.


As Black women, we are often challenged within organisations to critique incomplete and underdeveloped cultural competence/diversity organisational goals. Our Black bodies are used to meet a diversity/inclusion quota and create programming that appears representational of the larger community for the appearance of inclusivity. However, the white experience is set as the standard of living within systems connected to family, community and individual social and personal needs. Challenges transform to workplace stressors through unequal professional demands/workloads, racist tropes, silencing, questioning credentials, 'racial gaslighting', emotionally draining work, white fragility, and violence. At the core of our concern: Once the path has been traversed and it's time for us to move on to other professional or personal endeavors, what happens to the work created when Black women as change agents and leaders leave the space? What happens to the outcomes associated with the tireless work, accomplishments, and the intention for the work to continue? As Black women, we have found in providing cultural competency/diversity training that this instruction is steeped in whiteness and that presenters/teachers must pursue this education as a form of resistance as these presentations strengthen our pedagogy by addressing that whiteness and decenter whiteness for the betterment of our profession globally.


Within the frameworks of the ethno linguistic research one may speak about the possibility of reconstruction of the ethnic space according to the language data. A personality orientates in the world through the worldview that emerged in the process of education. In the most general aspect the concept as a basic mental formation reflects the semantic interpretation of a man in the world the reconstruction of which makes it possible to see general and specific in this perception.


Microminiaturization elements of communication systems contributed to development Internet of Things, which led the expansion of various railway transport services. One of the Internet of Things component's is the wireless sensor network (WSN). Feature of WSN is a dynamically changing spatial and information network environment. It complicates the adoption of promptly reliable management decisions based on assessments of the states of network elements. One of the directions of making a reliable decision in a complex network environment on the WSN is using cognitive maps in the WSN control nodes. In this article discusses various models of cognitive maps for assessing the states of network elements and network processes


In September 1966, the Ford Foundation announced a major grant to the Industrial Research Unit of the Wharton School to fund studies of the Racial Policies of American Industry. The purpose of the research effort, now in its fourth year, is to determine why some industries are more hospitable to the employment of Negroes than are others and why some companies within the same industry have vastly different racial employment policies, and to propose appropriate policy. The studies have proceeded on an industry by industry basis. This study of the railroad industry is No. 16 in a series of reports dealing with specific industries.


Abstract. This research was conducted to the General Secretariat employee of Riau Province which is agovernment agency that serves as the administrative agency in Riau Province Government structure.The purpose of this study is to determine how much the direct and indirect influence of supervision andorganizational climate on employee motivation and discipline of the General Bureau of ProvincialSecretariat of Riau. The population in this study were all employees in the General Bureau ofProvincial Secretariat of Riau which amount to 156 people. Determination of the sample number wasconducted using Slovin method so 112 respondents were selected through the appropriate randomsampling. The analysis tool used is the path analysis using SPSS 20. The research shows that thesupervision and organizational climate variables have no significant effect directly to employee'sdiscipline, while the motivation variable gives significant effect on employee's discipline. Indirectly,supervision and organizational climate variables significantly affect on employee's discipline andmotivation as an intervening variable. Thinking about these three variables, such as supervision,organizational climate and motivation, then the agency should pay attention to the indicators in orderto improve employee's discipline. In the supervision side, thing needs to be improved is the feedbacksupervision and performance evaluation which are more objective. In organizational climate side, thingneeds to be focused is a superior and subordinate relationship that still looks a little stiff. In motivationside, thing needs to be improved is the provision of opportunities for employees to be more active inappreciating the ideas. Keywords: Supervision, Organizational Climate, Motivation and Work Discipline


The delay of the vehicle from station to schedule the path according to the time schedule is determined. The path includes at least one guganreul. For determining the delay is based on a detailed schedule based on the time stamp representing the arbitrary reference position of the vehicle to operate on time. A request for a real-time delay of the vehicle is received by the user devices located in the vehicle. Request represents the current position of the vehicle at least. Delay of the vehicle is calculated on the basis of the current position indicated in the request, the time stamp and the time stamp based on the location of the detail based on the schedule. This calculated delay is returned to the user device. The calculated delay is stored in the logbook. In response to requests that do not show the current location of the vehicle, the delay is returned based on the logbook.


To realize secure communication and prevent eaves-droppers from detecting the existence of communication activities, covert communication has attracted substantial research interests. In this paper, we propose a dynamic spectrum control (DSC)-assisted scheme to achieve covert and reliable data transmission. Specifically, by constructing time-frequency division channels, the proposed DSC-assisted scheme generates sequences with iterative and orthogonal transformations. Authorized users can orderly occupy different frequency slots in each time slot under the guidance of these sequences, thus achieving simultaneous data transmission without interfering with each other. Then, the covert performance of the proposed transmission scheme is analyzed to provide the closed-form expressions of covert transmission rate and the reliable transmission probability. Simulation results are provided to validate the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve better covert and reliable transmission performances when compared with the existing scheme.


A method for the analysis of solitons in molecular crystals is proposed that takes into account the effects of exciton non-conservation. In the framework of this method it was possible to assess the influence exerted by the exciton non-conservation on soliton characteristics. It is shown that as a consequence of the exciton non-conservation, the internal soliton energy is increased and the effective mass is decreased. This means that the exciton non-conservation leads to an acceleration of solitons and is responsible for a spread of the soliton wave packet of some 5%.


1 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication © Copyright: All rights reserved. Retrieval Number: G0659034720/2020©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijmh.G0659.0741120 Journal Website: www.ijmh.org Abstract: Academic stress is one of problems experienced by students including the students of guidance and counseling major. Academic stress can be led by various reasons as if parental social support and self-efficacy. This study aimes to verify the effect of parental social support and self-efficacy of the academic stress on the guidance and counseling students at "X" university in Yogyakarta. Besides, the subjects of this study was all scholar of guidance and counseling study program at "X" University in Yogyakarta. Following this, the samples of this study were 100 people. Technique of the sampling used in this study was cluster random sampling. In addition, the data collection methods of this study utilized the academic stress scale, the scale of parental social support and self-efficacy scale followed by a Likert scaling model. The data analysis of this study used the multiple linear regression analysis,with assumption test consisting of normality test, linearity test, and multicollinearity test. The results of data analysis showed that the parental social support and self-efficacy could significantly influence the academic stress of students in the guidance and counseling study program at "X" university in Yogyakarta. Partially, there was a very significant influence between social support from parents and self-efficacy on the academic stress of guidance and counseling study program students at "X" university in Yogyakarta. Therefore, the implication of this research was the importance of parental social support and selfefficacy to control the students' academic stress.


A radio frequency (RF) linear power amplifier, and having an output transistor comprising: a circuit means for generating a bias signal, thereby producing a quiescent current flowing through the output transistor; a detector circuit for detecting the input to the RF input of the amplifier, and a drive signal of the RF input power level in accordance with generated; and an adaptive circuit for receiving said driving signal and automatically modifying said bias signal and said output transistor via the quiescent current. In the quiescent current of the output stage is reduced and optimized for use on all power output levels of the minimum dissipation and optimal linearity. For the radio frequency (RF) linear power amplifier circuit includes an adaptive bias circuit, the input to the output stage amplifier by automatic tracking RF signal to dynamically modify the quiescent current of the amplifier, the RF signal in the output power exceeds a specific threshold value of power range.


A catheter 7 preferably inserted via the femoral artery in the groin is used to access the heart. An engagement device 5 with a hook 6 engages a prolapsed mitral or tricuspid valve 4 and pulls it into alignment or coaptation with the other leaflet(s), a second tool which may be provided from the same catheter is then used to apply clips or other fasteners 9. The fasteners may be made of shape memory material.


The use of computers and the internet is very important for business improvement. Analysis of its use for delineation and development plans in order to provide a better role in the business field. The problem is that there is no information technology literacy map in Indonesia that can provide an overview for national policy formulation. The research was carried out to compile a map of mastery of information technology in Indonesia by data mining from the Central Bureau of Statistics and analyzed it into 4 clusters of mastery of information technology. The presentation results in the form of a spatial statistical map showing the mastery of information technology makes it easier for executive decisions to be made, which can be followed up with education, socialization and other floating plans to increase indications of mastery of information technology to increase business success.


The present invention relates to a recycling cyclone system, and more specifically, to a recycling cyclone system for efficiently collecting fine dust contained in the air or gas used during a production process in various industrial fields, and transferring the collected fine dust while minimizing the outflow of the fine dust to the outside. The recycling cyclone system comprises: a cyclone body of which the upper part is in a cylindrical form and the lower part is in a conical form, and which has an inlet pipe for supplying gas containing particles in a tangential direction through an upper one side wall, and a first discharge pipe mounted to penetrate the upper part so as to discharge particles which have not been collected among particles flowing through the inlet pipe; and a recycling body which is in a cylindrical form to be extended horizontally, of which one side is connected to the first discharge pipe and supplied the gas containing particles in a tangential direction, and of which the other side is connected to a circulation pipe connected with the inlet pipe after penetrated and extended in tangential direction, and connected to a second discharge pipe connected by horizontally penetrating the center.


In this study we investigated the materials which locate in the subway station and train cars. We checked the flammability of the materials such as the signboard, newspaper, wide color film etc. We reported some kind of the data such as oxygen index, optical smoke density, surface flame spread speed for that materials. We hope this data will be help to decide the guideline for such materials.


All bovine sera tested contained agglutinating immunoglobulins against encapsulated Streptococcus bovis. The immunoglobulins also were shown in predominantly parotid saliva. Cells grown in broth with added carbohydrate (sucrose) produced extracellular dextran (capsule) and were agglutinated by sera and saliva, but S. bovis cells grown in absence of carbohydrate were not agglutinated. The reacting material was established by adsorption with mono-specific anti-bovine gamma globulin to be an immunoglobulin. Sephadex adsorption studies showed the immunoglobulin specific to extracellular dextran. Sephadex adsorption also provided a way to isolate these immunoglobulins. Purified capsular dextran demonstrated a precipitin reaction with serum and saliva preparations. Because S. bovis capsule has been implicated in feedlot bloat, it is possible that antibodies reaching the rumen in bovine saliva may affect bloat.


This paper focuses on the leach ate pollution control project on the design of the basic principles,instates municipal solid waste landfill leach ate impact on groundwater pollution of the environment,as well as in plain and valley cities in landfill site engineering of mainly impermeable rock seepage technology and impervious materials.For example of the landfill project of Hasan,Weihai,Shandong,introduced the underground horizontal,vertical leakage control techniques,and cement composite impervious grouting material in the valley-type coastal city landfill construction of environmental projects.


An improved model has been developed for the analysis and design of directly embedded, single-pole transmission structures subject to high overturning moments. The model uses a multispring, nonlinear subgrade modulus approach to predict the load deflection response and ultimate capacity of direct embedment foundations placed in a multilayered soil subsurface profile, and with uniform or multilayered annulus backfill. To verify the predictive capabilities of the model, ten full-scale lateral load tests were conducted on directly embedded transmission poles. The model is described, and a comparison is made between the results of full-scale load tests and model predictions of the ultimate overturning moment capacity and load deflection behavior. The semiempirical model has been implemented in the computer program MFAD (Moment Foundation Analysis and Design) contained in EPRIs TLWorkstation. The results of 10 full-scale load tests demonstrate that the model, on the average, conservatively underpredicts ultimate moment capacity by approximately 20% and has a coefficient of variation of 12%. The model is also a good predictor of moment-deflection and moment-rotation response for well-compacted backfill materials, conservatively overpredicting deflection by approximately 16% and rotation by approximately 8%. >


apply a more circumscribed idea of "classical" — i.e. the usage of Cicero himself and his contemporaries (Waquet, 153; Howe, 126), sometimes vocabulary and wordchoice seems to be the measure of good Latin (Waquet, 155-56; Howe, 128). Sometimes she implies that the latinity of authors who wrote simply and correctly, but without care for ornament, is less classical than the language of authors who were more conscious of rhetorical effects (Waquet, 153, 157; Howe, 126-27, 129), forgetful, it seems, that some ancient authors, such as the anonymous writer of the rhetorical textbook Ad Herennium, treat technical subjects in a simple and clear but dry and unadorned style. It is above all astonishing that Waquet attempts to assess early modern latinity without taking account of the famous Renaissance disputes between the Ciceronians and their more eclectic opponents about the correct mode of Latin expression. She might have noted that very many even of the Ciceronians sanctioned the use of new or non-ancient words for post-antique concepts (for just a few examples, see Binns, op. cit. 288; IJsewijn/Sacre, op. cit. 2:412-15. A fuller treatment may be found in D. Gagliardi, / / Ciceronisnio nelprimo Cinquecento e Ortensio Landi [Neapoli, 1967]). One could go on with a more detailed commentary, but the examples given above should suffice to indicate where Waquet's work needs supplementation or correction. She has taken on an immense subject, one that actually deserves a much larger work, perhaps consisting of several volumes composed by a variety of specialists. Readers can be thankful to Waquet for bringing many issues and perspectives to their attention, but will gain by the realization that such details and perspectives, as often as not, represent just a part of the picture. TERENCE TUNBERG University of Kentucky


SUMOylation is a significant post‐translational modification (PTM) by the small ubiquitin‐related modifier (SUMO). Increasing evidence shows SUMOylation regulates GPCR signaling; however, very few GPCRs have been shown to be SUMOylation targets to date. In this study, we identified M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1 mAChR), a member of the GPCRs, as a new SUMO substrate. When the mAChR was activated by the agonist carbachol, the colocalization of the M1 mAChR and SUMO‐1 protein markedly decreased in immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays. SUMOylation of the M1 mAChR played an important role in increasing the ligand‐binding affinity to M1 mAChR, signaling efficiencies, and receptor endocytosis. Through the site‐directed mutagenesis approach, K327 was identified as the SUMOylation site of the M1 mAChR. Mutation of the consensus SUMOylation site of the M1 mAChR reduces not only the colocalization of SUMO‐1, but also the ligandbinding affinity and signal transduction. The function of M1 mAChR was regulated by SUMOylation through the stabilization of active‐state conformation revealed by molecular dynamics simulations. Our results provide evidence that M1 SUMOylation is an important PTM involved in regulation of the affinity for agonists and for activation of signaling pathways.—Xu, J., Tan, P., Li, H., Cui, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, H., Zhang, X., Li, J., Zhu, L., Zhou, W., Chen, H. Direct SUMOylation of M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor increases its ligand‐binding affinity and signal transduction. FASEB J. 33, 3237–3251 (2019). www.fasebj.org


Rastin Social Takaful (RST) is a financial subsystem of Rastin PLS banking system. RST provides necessary background for depositors' participation in benevolent activities of takaful and interest-free loans in various fields. Social Takaful includes two sections of "Social Takaful" which involves the duty of people of society in alleviation of other's penury, and "Ensure Dependency" that is obligation of government in fulfilling minimum livelihood of the people of the society. Mechanism of fulfilling Social Takaful, including grants and interestfree loans are defined under Rastin PLS banking. In this scheme, depositor permits the bank to invest their funds through Rastin PLS banking to donate takaful payments or interest-free loans from the principal, or profit of his investments to needy persons introduced by depositors or Social Welfare Organization, and report to depositor and supervisory authorities. Specific governmental authorities are responsible for supervision and surveillance of takaful payments.


A compact wideband operating from 3 to 20GHz MIMO antenna with quadruple notches is presented in this paper. The elements in MIMO configuration are arranged in orthogonal fashion with each other to minimize the coupling effects. The antenna consists of circular rings and a modified microstrip feed. By engraving a crescent shaped slot, split ring-shaped slot, circle shaped slot in the circular monopole, rectangular spiral shaped slot engraved along the feed line, quadruple notches are attained. The antenna operates from 3GHz to 18GHz with notches in the range of 3.3GHz–4.2GHz centered at 3.5GHz, 4.5GHz–5.5GHz centered at 4.9GHz, 6.2GHz–7.3GHz centered at 6.6GHz, and 8.1GHz–8.8GHz centered at 8.5GHz. The element has a very compact size of 0.28λ× 0.22λ× 0.016λ at 3GHz and is hence suitable for portable devices.


We detail the integration of amorphous silicon (a-Si) active pixel sensor (APS) test arrays with an overlying amorphous selenium (a-Se) x-ray photoconductor, and report on results of their x-ray response and imaging properties. The a-Se/a-Si APS arrays incorporate a two-transistor (2T) gate-switched pixel amplifier architecture designed to provide high detector array resolution, as well as a controllable on-pixel gain. The direct x-ray detectors consist of in-house fabricated, dual mode active and passive sensor arrays with detector element (del) pitches of 100 μm and 200 μm, coated with 80 μm thick stabilized amorphous selenium. These selenium layers were selected for preliminary work and represent a quantum efficiency (QE) of 69% for x-ray spectra (tungsten target, 2 mm Al filtration) of 30 kVp. Detector response was evaluated for a-Se biasing electric fields of both 5 V/μm and 10 V/μm. A detector dark current of 110 pA/cm2 (0.01 pA/100 μm del) at 10V/μm electric field, a controllable detector conversion gain up to 15.3 nA/mR at 30 kVp were measured. Active pixel gains of 6.7 and 9.6 were measured for 100μm and 200μm pitch detectors respectively. The amplified readout exhibits a better detection limit (by one order of magnitude) compared to the passive readout implemented on the same pixel. Capabilities of amplified pixels such as nondestructive readout, as well as programmable pixel conversion gain, and dynamic range control are demonstrated. In light of their adaptable gain and dynamic range, these detectors represent a promising technology for high-resolution high gain x-ray digital imaging, particularly in mammography tomosynthesis.


SUMMARY Sand is being evaluated in broiler houses as a potential bedding material. A concern regarding sand temperature has arisen as a possible brooding problem. In this study, surface and subsurface temperatures of bedding materials were evaluated for sand and pine shavings (PS) when used as litter in broiler houses. Temperatures were evaluated for new and used sand compared to new and used PS. Sand and PS were placed into 61 × 61 cm (2 × 2 ft) plastic trays 7.62 cm (3 in) deep. Electric brooders wereplaced 38.10 cm (15in) above the beddingsurface and set at45°C. Maximum temperature and time to reach maximumtemperature were measured. Temperature measurements were taken on the surface and 7.62 cm below the surface with an electric temperature/logger. Results showed a significant maximum surface temperature difference (P < 0.05) only when new sandandnewPSwerecompared(38.0vs.43.5°C).Therewerenosignificantdifferencesinmaximum temperature at 3 in below the surface (33.0 vs. 32.7°C) for PS and sand. Time to reach maximum temperature for new PS and sand surfaces were also NS (9.1 vs. 7.6 h), along with the measurements at 7.62 cm below surface (11.6 vs. 9.7 h). No significant differences were found when comparing maximum temperature and time to maximum temperature between used sand and PS at surface or 7.62 cm deep. In conclusion, new sand does not require extra heating time before chick placement in warm weather. Due to a lower maximum temperature (5.5°C less than PS), new sand should be placed during summer months. Used sand with adequate organic matter was numerically, but not significantly, cooler than new or used PS.


This paper examines tone features on the basis of an acoustic phonetic analysis of F0 and duration data from 10 speakers in Qimen Hui Chinese Dialect. The results show that there are 3 level tones, 2 rising tones, and 1 falling tone in Qimen. The fact that speakers use different F0 contours in the realization of different types of level tones sheds light on the understanding of underlying mechanisms of tonal production. Other relevant issues of tonal phonology, such as contour tones, binary usage of features, and tone register, were also discussed.


The structure of alkaline earth vanadate glasses of the compositions, xMO⋅(100-x)V2O5 (M=Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, x=30, 40, 45, 50, 55), has been investigated by means of IR spectroscopy with reference to various crystalline alkaline earth vanadates structurally known. It is found that the structure of alkaline earth vanadate glasses is very similar to each other and mainly consists of VO4-tetrahedra which form either (VO3)n-sin-gle chains as found in Sr(VO3)2 and Ba(VO3)2 crystals or the three dimensional arrangement of the cornersharing branched VO4-tetrahedral groups as found in molten and amorphous V2O5. It is stressed that the glass network of the V2O5-rich glasses, 30MO⋅70V2O5, also mainly consists of VO4-tetrahedra.


Blackledge, Jonathan Electromagnetic Scattering Solutions for Digital Signal Processing Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 2009, 297 p. (nid.), 2010 (PDF) (Jyväskylä Studies in Computing ISSN 1456-5390; 108) ISBN 978-951-39-3944-1 (PDF), 978-951-39-3741-6 (nid.) Electromagnetic scattering theory is fundamental to understanding the interaction between electromagnetic waves and inhomogeneous dielectric materials. The theory unpins the engineering of electromagnetic imaging systems over a broad range of frequencies, from optics to radio and microwave imaging, for example. Developing accurate scattering models is particularly important in the field of image understanding and the interpretation of electromagnetic signals generated by scattering events. To this end there are a number of approaches that can be taken. For relatively simple geometric configurations, approximation methods are used to develop a transformation from the object plane (where scattering events take place) to the image plane (where a record of some measure of the scattered field is taken). The most common approximation is the weak scattering approximation which ignores the effect of multiple scattering interactions and the first part of this thesis investigates the use of this approximation for electromagnetic imaging systems modelling. When scattering interactions become progressively more complex (e.g. multiple scattering from random media), the applications of deterministic scattering theory becomes difficult to use in practice. Consequently the inverse scattering problem can become ill-posed. For this reason, a number of other approaches are considered which include developing statistical models for the scattered field itself rather than the scatterer. In this thesis, we investigate the use of diffusion based models for solving the inverse scattering problem when strong scattering processes occur. We then extend this approach and consider the intermediate case by modelling the scattering processes using a fractional diffusion equation. Finally, a low frequency scattering theory is presented which leads to the proposition that light and other high frequency electromagnetic wavefields can be weakly diffracted by a low frequency scattered field. This leads to a new interpretation of gravity gravitational lensing which is investigated through the question as to why Einstein rings, observed in the visible spectrum, are blue?


In Malaysia, the issue of condom is still considered a taboo. Discussing and promoting the use of condom might be seen as against the culture and religiously sensitive. But with the knowledge that Malaysian adolescents had sexual intercourse for the first time at the early age of 23 (Durex, 2012) it is important to realize that the use of condom could protect human from HIV or others STI during sexual intercourse (Davis & Weller, 1999). This study is to explain and understand adolescents in Bukit Bintang believe towards the availability and intention of using of condom during sexual intercourse. I looked at the adolescent self efficacy, barriers of using condom and perceived benefit from using condom as the factors that influence their belief and intention of using condom. My research participants are selected 60 adolescents aged 14-19 years old at Bukit Bintang District. The data collected from the questionnaire distributed were analyzed using SPSS version 21. My findings reveal that the adolescents have no consistency in using condom during sexual intercourse with only 43.3% would refuse to have sexual intercourse without condom, 38.3% would insist on using condom and 35% would have sexual intercourse if there is no condom available. Analyzing the barriers, more than three quarter of the respondents (76.7%) confessed they would be embarrassed to buy condom while 23.3% disagreed with that statement, even though 66.7% of the respondents agreed that condom is easy to get while 33.3% did not think that way and about 63.3% of the respondents agreed that buying condom is not a crime while 36.7% disagreed with this statement. Looking at the perceived benefit of using condom, majority of the respondents agree that condom is an effective way to prevent unwanted pregnancy (58.3%), protect against HIV (60%) and STIs (58.3%). This positive belief could initiate the use of condom. This study could give the direction in understanding the adolescent belief and intention of using condom, which could help predict adolescent sexual behaviour.


Abstract In Ethics, Security, and the War-Machine, Ned Dobos highlights several negative consequences the preparation for war has for individuals and states. But he misses what I consider perhaps the most significant consequence of military mobilization for states, especially democracies: how war and the preparation for it affect deliberative politics. While many argue that all states, including democracies, require strong militaries—and there is some evidence that long wars can build democracies and states—I focus on the other effects of militarization and war on democratic states. War and militarism are antipodal to democracy and undermine it. Their normative bases are conflicting—democracy takes force off the table, whereas force is legitimate in war. Thus, while militarism and militarization can sometimes yield liberalization and the expansion of civil rights, they are arguably more likely to undermine democratic norms and practices.


This effort presents the results of investigation of cathodic protection process of a section of the main pipeline, which has been operating in cathodic protection mode for a long time and which insulation has completely exfoliated from metal surface, and a cavity between is filled with water and salt impurities. In this case, a decisive factor is a fact that a metal surface is covered with microroughnesses in the form of protrusions with almost conical shape. The surface is immersed in electrolyte. At the electrolyte-metal interface, a potential difference is formed - a corrosion potential, which creates an unstable equilibrium among the potentials of metal and electrolyte. A mathematical model is designed and implemented into a numerical algorithm and computer program. A computational experiment has been carried out to calculate the potential around microroughness. The model describes a change in potential in this area at incomplete and complete cathodic protection of metal surface. The basis of computational model is a selection of one of metal protrusions of material microheterogeneity and placing it in a cylinder, which diameter coincides with that one of the lower base of this protrusion, and its upper part passes through the apex of the protrusion. Mathematical model equations with corresponding boundary conditions and their discrete implementation are presented. The solution of problems is obtained by iterative procedures based on reference values of protective potential taken from practice. The results of computational experiment are presented in the form of graphs: 1) potential distribution in the field of electrolytes; 2) changes in electrolyte potential at the border with protrusion at different values of polarization potential; 3) changes in polarization resistance in the area (calculated). The geometry of computational domain was also varied, and the values of protective potential were determined to ensure the absence of corrosion. Keywords: corrosion, microroughness, protective potential, plastic current density, electrolyte


This article develops numerically the advection-diffusion equation problem, using Galerkin on characteristic lines and Streamline Upwind PetrovGalerkin (SUPG) methods. The dominated advective conditions in the solved problem showed that for cases where high Peclet numbers are encountered, characteristic lines don't achieve a stable solution, as SUPG does. * Autor de correspondencia: teléfono: + 57 +1 + 316 50 00, correo electrónico: firstname.lastname@example.com (D. Garzón)


• University and city/state • Degree and month/year of graduation • Major(s), minor(s), and concentration(s), if applicable • GPA. If stating Major GPA, include cumulative GPA too, and do not round up! • Include high school for First Year students. Sophomores can include it if returning home for an internship • Study abroad programs or other universities, if applicable, formatted the same as current university E D U C AT I O N ( R E Q U I R E D )


Scaffold as a biomaterial must fulfill some requirements to be safely implanted to the human body. Toxicity and biocompatibility test are needed to evaluate scaffold material in mediating cell proliferation and differentiation, secreting extracelullar matrix and carrying biomolecular signals for cell communication. An in vitro study with mesenchymal stem cells consisted of direct contact test and indirect contact test using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction assay was conducted on 4 scaffolds made of poly-L-lactic acid (PLA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and hydroxyapatite-poly (vinyl alcohol) composite. There were cells-substrate adhesion impairment, morphological changes, cell death and reduction in cell proliferation seen at 2nd and 6th day in most tested scaffold. Cell count result at day-6 showed proliferation inhibition of more than 50% cell death (inhibition value >50) in all tested scaffold. In MTT assay, two scaffolds were proven non-toxic. In con...


Aiming at the limits of traditional thinning algorithm, in addition to the character of the linear objects in maps, this papwr puts bring forward an innovative thinning algorithm. This algorithm based on the patch structure, by assuring the position and interrelation of the nodes. This algorithm utilizes the global information sufficiently, without thinning iteration, reduces the whole operation capacity, and avoids the aberration at the nodes quite well.


A load balancer (LB) is a vital network function for cloud services to balance the load amongst resources. Stateful software LBs that run on commodity servers provides flexibility, cost-efficiency, and packet consistency. However current designs have two main limitations: 1) states are stored as digests which may cause packet inconsistency due to digest collisions; 2) the data plane needs to update for every new connection, and frequent updates hurt throughput and packet consistency. In this work, we present a new software stateful LB called Concury, which is the first solution to solve these problems. The key innovation of Concury is an algorithmic approach to store and look up large network states with frequent connection arrivals, which is succinct in memory cost, consistent under network changes, and incurs infrequent data plane updates. The evaluation results show that the Concury algorithm provides 4x throughput and consumes less memory compared to other LB algorithms, while providing weighted load balancing and false-hit freedom, for both real and synthetic data center traffic. We implement Concury as a prototype system deployed in CloudLab and show that the throughput of Concury on a single thread can reach 62.5% of the maximum capacity of two 10GbE NICs and that on two threads can reach the maximum capacity.


Dear Editors, We thank the authors of this commentary for their interest and feedback on our paper, and the International Wound Journal for the opportunity to respond. We agree that pressure injury (PI) prevention in clinical practice is complex and challenging. Given the negative impacts of PI and the ongoing occurrence of PI in hospital and intensive care settings, further research targeted at guiding and improving PI prevention within these settings is much needed. We believe that our work contributes to the relevant evidence base and advances knowledge in this area. With regard to our statement that "PI prevention begins with a risk assessment, which should be undertaken using a structured risk assessment scale combined with clinical judgement", we would like to highlight that this was not a direct quotation from the international clinical practice guideline. Rather, in making this statement, we sought to emphasise that risk assessment scales must be used in combination with clinical judgement, which we believe is consistent with the international recommendations. However, we acknowledge how it may be misinterpreted and thank you for bringing this to our attention. The international guideline clearly states, "When conducting a pressure injury risk assessment: use a structured approach" and "...expert consensus suggests that the approach be 'structured' in order to facilitate consideration of all relevant risk factors" (p. 60). It is also stated that "When conducting a pressure injury risk assessment: supplement use of a risk assessment tool with assessment of additional risk factors" (p. 60), "...a risk assessment tool offers a structured approach to assessment but does not replace a comprehensive assessment..." and "a risk assessment tool is one form of assessment on which a health professional draws when using their clinical judgement" (p. 61). We agree wholeheartedly with these statements. In this context, we selected a risk assessment scale to structure and ground risk assessment within our research, and emphasised that "...clinicians must also employ their clinical judgement in recognising additional individual patient risk factors..." (p. 1123). We contend that use of a risk assessment scale assists in replicability, and furthermore, the selected scale (COMHON Index) is setting-specific and targeted at the relevant PI risk factors of the intended population (critically ill individuals admitted to intensive care). Use of this tool is congruent with the international guideline, which states "...pressure injury risk screening should follow a structured and replicable approach, which considers relevant pressure injury risk factors in the target population..." (p. 59). In their commentary, the authors contend that "there is no evidence that [risk assessment tool] use improves clinical decision making", citing the Cochrane review by Moore and Patton in support of this statement. This is a misrepresentation of this review, which investigated the "effect the use of risk assessment tools has on the development of new pressure ulcers" (p. 2). In fact, the review provides no evidence at all, either for or against, of their effect on clinical decision-making, as this was not investigated. A reference was made by Moore and Patton (p. 22) to measured processes of care implemented following a PI risk assessment in one included study, in which three groups were compared. Two groups were assessed for PI risk using different risk assessment tools, and a third was assessed for PI risk using clinical judgement alone. There were no significant differences in measured processes of care between the groups. However, the primary outcome was PI incidence; and, clinical decisionmaking based on risk assessment tool usage was not studied directly, nor were all processes of care measured. Yet, the conclusion of Moore and Patton that there is no evidence that conducting a structured risk assessment makes any difference to PI incidence is important to note. Received: 13 October 2020 Accepted: 20 October 2020


A Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes with no fixed infrastructure. The abse nce of central authorization facility in dynamic and di stributed environment affects the optimal utilizati on of resources like, throughput, power and bandwidth. Rate adaptation is the key technique to optimize the resource throughput. Some recently proposed rate adaptations use Request to Send/Clear to Send (RTS/CTS) to suppress the collision effect by differentiating co llisions from channel errors. This study presents a methodology to detect the misbehavior of nodes in MANET and proposed the new dynamic algorithm for rate adaptation which in turn can improve the throu ghput. The proposed approach is implemented in the distributed stipulating architecture with core and access routers. This method does not require additi onal probing overhead incurred by RTS/CTS exchanges and may be practically deployed without change in firmware. The collision and channel error occurrenc e will be detected by core router and intimated to the access router to choose alternate route and retain the current rate for transmission. The extensive si mulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed m ethod by comparing with existing approaches.


Results from the Zurich study have shown lasting associations between sport practice and mental health. The
effects are pronounced in people with pre-exising mental health problems. This analysis aims to replicate these
results with the large Swiss Household Panel data set and to provide more differentiated results.
The analysis covered the interviews 1999-2003 and included 3891 stayers, i.e., participants who were
interviewed in all years. The outcome variables are depression / blues / anxiety, weakness / weariness, sleeping
problems, energy / optimism. Confounding variables include sex, age, education level, citizenship. The analyses
were carried out with mixed models (depression, optimism) and GEE models (weakness, sleep).
About 60% of the SHP participants practise weekly or daily an individual or a team sport. A similar proportion
enjoys a frequent physical activity (for half an hour minimum) which makes oneself slightly breathless. There
are slight age-specific differences but also noteworthy regional differences.
Practice of sport is clearly interrelated with self-reported depressive symptoms, optimism and weakness. This
applies even though some relevant confounders – sex, educational level and citizenship – were introduced into
the model. However, no relevant interaction effects with time could be shown. Moreover, direct interrelations commonly led to better fits than models with lagged variables, thus indicating that delayed effects of sport practice on the self-reported psychological complaints are less important. Model variants resulted for specific subgroups, for example, participants with a high vs. low initial activity level. Lack of sport practice is an interesting marker for serious psychological symptoms and mental disorders. The background of this association may differ in different subgroups, and should stimulate further investigations in
this area.


Abstract Because of the diversity of terrorist groups and causes, there is no one terrorist "mindset." Within this diversity it is useful to distinguish two major categories: the "anarchic‐ideologues," such as the Red Army Faction, committed to destroying the world of their fathers; and the "nationalist‐secessionists," such as ETA of the Basques, who carry on the mission of their fathers. There is a tendency for marginal, isolated, and inadequate individuals from troubled family backgrounds to be attracted to the path of terrorism, so that for many, belonging to the terrorist group is the first time they truly belonged, and the group comes to represent family. This creates powerful pressures to conform within the group, for to disagree is to be seen as disloyal, and to risk losing the group. Organized against society, the group is seen as all good, and the outside society as all bad, this being the rationale for committing violent anti‐society acts.


The TCP/IP header compression (HC) problem on wireless channels is investigated. After a brief review of the existing HC algorithms, two novel HC schemes are proposed, discussed and tested by means of simulations. The proposed schemes outperform the well-known approaches for all possible channel conditions, and the results are very close to the ideal case of HC without loss of synchronisation.


The trigeminal neuralgia is triggered by various causes and has seriously impact on the patient health. However,there are no effective treatment methods because its pathogenesis remains unclear. The main treatment methods in clinical practice include drug,surgery,radiotherapy,Chinese medicine,and gene therapy et al. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages; gene therapy is one of the hottest research directions. This article reviews the recent progresses about trigeminal neuralgia treatment.


This paper proposes a model-free test for the strict stationarity of a potentially vector-valued time series using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) approach. We show that the DFT of a residual process based on the empirical characteristic function weakly converges to a zero spectrum in the frequency domain for a strictly stationary time series and a nonzero spectrum otherwise. The proposed test is powerful against various types of nonstationarity including deterministic trends and smooth or abrupt structural changes. It does not require smoothed nonparametric estimation and, thus, can detect the Pitman sequence of local alternatives at the parametric rate

 $T^{-1/2}$

 , faster than all existing nonparametric tests. We also design a class of derivative tests based on the characteristic function to test the stationarity in various moments. Monte Carlo studies demonstrate that our test has reasonarble size and excellent power. Our empirical application of exchange rates strongly suggests that both nominal and real exchange rate returns are nonstationary, which the augmented Dickey–Fuller and Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin tests may overlook.


In order to avoid the complexity of hybrid system combined with object continuous model and control discrete model,the mathematical model of internal combustion engine(ICE) was built according to ICE working cycle based on the principle of in-cylinder total energy conversion and the theory of heat transfer.For the ethanol-gasoline engine,the mode validity of model was analyzed,the digital PID controller was designed and the control effects were simulated.The model could be directly used in the digital controller design and fuel supply simulation.


Abstract Introduction. The essence of the nurse profession is to provide patients with comprehensive care that will help them achieve optimal health. During the time of planning a reform of the health sector and the time of introduction of managed health care, it is reasonable to consider whether the current professional role of the nurse will change. Method. Analysis of the literature in the field of health care and nursing systems reform from the period of 5 years. Results. Coordinated care has a chance of success only when the current thinking stereotypes are broken, because it is important to be aware of how important teamwork is to a particular patient with respect for one's own professional competences.


In this paper,the features and tendencies in vulnerability assessment study based on published literatures of vulnerability concepts,assessment contents and methods are synthesized systemically.The concept of vulnerability has been continuously widened and broadened towards a more comprehensive approach encompassing susceptibility,exposure,coping capacity and adaptive capacity,as well as different thematic areas,such as physical,social,economic,environmental and institutional vulnerability.Its assessment content has transformed from science-driven traditional assessments to policy-driven,multidisciplinary integration assessments.The assessment methods have tended to synthesize to meet decision-making needs for policy-makers.Case studies at local level have been intensified with main focus on identifying controlling factors that determine vulnerability,especially in places where climate change scenarios play a smaller role.The five aspects of assessing a vulnerable situation(system,attribute of concern,hazard,scale,and temporal reference) are represented for conducting a particular vulnerability assessment.Regional vulnerability assessment,various assessment methods,and advantages and applicability of these approaches are discussed.It is explored further that the concepts,assessment contents,scales and methods of the cryospheric vulnerability to climate change and vulnerability of human-environment systems to cryospheric change.


Linkage of different countries' domestic permit markets for pollution rights into a single international market alters governments' incentives, and may trigger adjustments of the number of allocated permits. First, this work finds that in a non-cooperative equilibrium, international emissions trading is likely to increase the total emissions. Second, although trading will give a more efficient cross-country allocation of emissions, efficiency may nevertheless fall, because an already inefficiently low abatement level is likely to be further reduced. Third, we find that large countries are likely to experience losses from linking their permit markets to the permit markets of smaller countries.


As an agriculturally based country, many rivers pumping stations are implemented in Myanmar. Currently, these pumping stations are operated with utility supply or diesel engines. For reliable energy supply and energy cost saving, the solar powered river pumping stations are now carried out in Myanmar. Most of these pumping stations are located at the dry zones especially at Magway, Mandalay and Sagaing Divisions. The main problem with solar powered river pumping station is the harmonic induced due to DC/DC boost converter and three phase inverters. Harmonics are the important problem in solar river water pumping system as they can shorten the life span of pumping motors and vibrations. Thus, harmonic filters become the main function of these system. In this research, the harmonic mitigation for Kanni river pumping system is executed using active and hybrid harmonic filter and their performances are compared. In this work, solar river water pumping system is designed firstly, and then modelled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. Harmonic contents and mitigation performances of each filter are analysed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) tool.


Abstract : Results of an empirical investigation of the diurnal phase variation of 10.2 kHz Omega signals are presented. Particular attention is paid to path defintion, including excitation regionas and spatial extent. Observed behavior is explained as the response of the ionosphere to incident solar radiation after consideration of characteristic but variable time constant. Anomalous electron production at sunrive, presumably due to photodeteachment, is shown to be important. (Author)


The paper presents the galactic cosmic rays intensities in vertical direction, south direction and north direction respectively observed by Guangzhou muon telescope (113°18'E, 23°6'N, 21m, 16 GV) before the January 1997 CME/magnetic cloud reached the earth. The enhancement in daily variation amplitude of galactic cosmic rays' intensity in vertical direction was obvious, while the north-south anisotropy was small. Based on standard transport theory and data observed in interplanetary space, the paper concludes that the enhancement of daily variation amplitude was due to the small angle between particle velocity direction and the magnetic force line, B × n drift was another reason for enhanced daily variation amplitude. The small north-south anisotropy was mainly due to the fact that the B × n drift with n around 16 GV was small.


Metal casting with investment casting method is metal casting which has the ability to produce accurate parts and has a controlled fineness. Current technological developments are very influential in the development of investment casting. One of them has been found mold-lay filament as a substitute for wax, which is now wax is one of the main components in investment casting process. Mold-lay filament is printed using a 3D Printer machine. In this study, the wax in the investment casting process was replaced by a mold-lay filament with the specifications 0.75kg / 0.55 lb of 1.75mm MOLDLAY filament, prints at temperatures of 170-180 ° C. The result show that  mold-lay flutes are also able to come out well from slurry molds, but require more time than wax, this is because one of the plastic mold-lay compositions, which takes a long time for the moldlay fillment to come out of the mold. Further research suggestions are needed further testing in terms of roughness of the product with moldlay filament and compared with wax. This will also see if there are any remaining moldlay filaments from the mold.


The gamma rays m Os 18s following beta decay of 18-h Re 18s have been studxed using coincidence and directional correlation techniques The results agree with the principal features of the decay scheme proposed by Johns et al 1) A number of new, weak transitions are observed and an additional level is proposed at 1.750 MeV Directional correlation measurements were made on six cascades From the directional correlation measurements, spins 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2 are assigned to the levels at 0 155 Me¥, 0 633 MeV, 1 086 MeV, 1.461 MeV, 1 765 MeV and 1 941 MeV, respectively The 0 478-MeV gamma ray is a dlpole-quadrupol e mixture with Q ~ 99 ~/o The 0 828-MeV and 1 308-MeV gamma rays are pure dipole


Self-determination of peoples I have chosen to review May's extremely inspiring book so that I first place it in a larger framework even if only some parts of this are discussed in the book itself. Then I proceed with a more descriptive highlighting of some of the issues raised, with only a few comments – I have very few quarrels with the content. Before or in the early phases of colonisation, several indigenous peoples had well-organised systems of formal education, including very high levels of literacy (e.g. the Cree in the USA and the Maori in Aotearoa/New Zealand). And all of them of course had an informal education system, something that is often overlooked in Western literature (see Timothy Reagan's excellent book on other educational traditions, 1996). One of the concomitants of colonisation was that these systems were destroyed. A destruction of indigenous cultures and often also languages, forced assimilation, and a grave disparity between the educationalachievements of indigenous and non-indigenous students were – and are – the long-standing legacies of this process. When indigenous peoples a few decades ago started using the human rights system to gain back at least some of their rights, all three main collective rights in international law (see, e.g. MacMillan 1998 for an application to Canada) were relevant: the right for the collectivity to exist, the right to self-determination, and the right to natural resources. The first two are of direct relevance to education; the third – even if it is not discussed in much of May's book – is indirectly equally relevant (see below). It was clear from the way the right to self-determination was formulated after the second 'world' war that it was meant to imply external self-determination, i.e. independence, and to apply to traditional (European) colonies, mainly in Africa and Asia. Because the right to self-determination was supposed to have been exhausted as most of the former colonies became independent, it was imperative to redefine 'self-determination' so as to include internal self-determination, i.e. autonomy of some kind. For most of the world's maybe 4–5000 indigenous peoples complete independence is either unrealistic or else something that they are not interested in. Likewise, self-determination was restricted to nations or 'peoples', not other groups. Entities defined as 'minorities' did – and do – not have the right to self-determination. When indigenous peoples wanted to claim the right to exist as distinct entities, it was thus important that they be defined as 'peoples', with the right to self-determination, i.e. distinct from 'minorities'. To some extent both reinterpretations are still contested but there is more and more acceptance of them, as, for instance, the discussions in Clark & Williamson's (1996) edited book Self-Determination: International Perspectives, show.


The risk factors affecting intracranial haemorrhage in warfarinised patients are described and an attempt made to calculate the risk of haemorrhage in warfarinised patients with minor head injuries. Using the data from studies of patients with spontaneous haemorrhage while taking warfarin, guidelines for treatment and given and the likely outcome predicted.


The X‐ray microanalytical spatial resolution is determined experimentally in various analytical electron microscopes by measuring the degradation of an atomically discrete composition profile across an interphase interface in a thin‐foil of Ni‐Cr‐Fe. The experimental spatial resolutions are then compared with calculated values. The calculated spatial resolutions are obtained by the mathematical convolution of the electron probe size with an assumed beam‐broadening distribution and the single‐scattering model of beam broadening. The probe size is measured directly from an image of the probe in a TEM/STEM and indirectly from dark‐field signal changes resulting from scanning the probe across the edge of an MgO crystal in a dedicated STEM. This study demonstrates the applicability of the convolution technique to the calculation of the microanalytical spatial resolution obtained in the analytical electron microscope. It is demonstrated that, contrary to popular opinion, the electron probe size has a major impact on the measured spatial resolution in foils < 150 nm thick.


Thermal stress reduces plant growth and development, resulting in considerable economic losses in crops such as soybeans. Nitric oxide (NO) in plants is associated with tolerance to various abiotic stresses. Nevertheless, there are few studies of the range of observed effects of NO in modulating physiological and metabolic functions in soybean plants under high temperature. In the present study, we investigated the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor), on anatomical, physiological, biochemical, and metabolic processes of soybean plants exposed to high temperature. Soybean plants were grown in soil: sand (2:1) substrate in acclimatized growth chambers. At developmental V3 stage, plants were exposed to two temperatures (25 °C and 40 °C) and SNP (0 and 100 μM), in a randomized block experimental design, with five replicates. After six days, we quantified NO concentration, leaf anatomy, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity, and metabolite profiles. Higher NO concentration in soybean plants exposed to high temperature and SNP showed increased effective quantum yields of photosystem II (PSII) and photochemical dissipation, thereby maintaining the photosynthetic rate. Under high temperature, NO also promoted greater activity of ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase activity, avoiding lipid peroxidation of cell membranes, in addition to regulating amino acid and organic compound levels. These results suggest that NO prevented damage caused by high temperature in soybean plants, illustrating the potential to mitigate thermal stress in cultivated plants.


The aim of this work is to investigate alternative strategies and technical solutions for the realization of low cost telecommunication networks based on miniature satellites. The research is particularly focused on nanosatellites, which represent a class of space vehicles weighing between 1 and 10 kg. Miniature satellites are advantageous as their design and production time is significantly lower than that of traditional satellites; moreover, their reduced mass results in very low production and launch costs, especially if piggyback launches are exploited. However, the reduced onboard resources still prevent the use of miniature satellites for complex or high performance applications. In this work, two strategies have been investigated to cope with the current limitations of miniature satellites.
The first strategy consists of using clusters of small, identical satellites with cooperation capabilities instead of traditional, large satellites, for the realization of telecom constellations. Such architecture implies several advantages; first, by replacing obsolete or damaged units with new ones it is possible to upgrade the system using more advanced technology, or to extend the system lifespan; second, if the amount of small satellites becomes sufficiently large – dozens to hundreds – then economy of scale applies, with significant cost savings. The analysis that was performed shows that such cost savings can sum up to 25% of the cost of constellations based on traditional, monolithic satellites with equivalent performance. Then, the technology gaps preventing the implementation of this strategy have been identified and discussed, the most critical one being the capability to autonomously execute proximity navigation and docking. Thus, as gap-filling technical development, a sensor for relative navigation suitable for autonomous cooperative spacecraft was designed, built and tested. This activity was carried out in the framework of the ARCADE-R2 experiment, which participated to ESA's Rexus/Bexus programme in 2013.
The second strategy consists of enhancing the communication capabilities of miniature satellites. Optical communication was selected as break-through technology, and the task of precision laser beam pointing was identified as the most critical issue that prevents the use of lasercom terminals onboard miniature satellites. To cope with this, two systems have been proposed and modelled. The first consists of an actively-stabilized platform conceived to provide a stable base to laser pointing systems onboard micro/nano satellites; the second is a coarse pointing system for 3U CubeSats. Both systems are based on the parallel platform configuration, and share many similarities from a technical point of view. Detailed numerical models have been developed and used to preliminary size the needed actuators and sensors. Then, a testbed have been built, which features an excitation stage used to simulate the residual attitude motion of a miniature satellite in LEO and a simplified prototype of the stabilization platform. Laboratory tests have been carried out to validate the models of the system and assess its performance.


The spectral angle method was used to extract water and urban information from the Landsat/TM image.The results showed that calculating the spectral angle through band 2 to 5 of TM image,and followed by the Angle2,Angle3 and Angle4 hypothetical color merging,the merged image could reduce the phenomenon of same spectrum of foreign phenomenon between water and urban.This method effectively reduced the mutual interference during the extraction of water and urban information process,and increased the distinction degree between these two surface features.


From the time immemorial, a large number of plant species are being used by the ethnic groups of North-East India for treatment of various ailments. Present study aims to explore the indigenous knowledge pertaining to utilization of medicinal plants by the Sonowal Kacharis of Dibrugarh District of Assam. Field exploration and study is done in this respect in villages inhabited by the Sonowal Kacharis. A total of 60 plant species belonging to 37 families were documented along with the parts used. The conservation of these plants is necessary for discovery of crude drugs.


Introduction:
 Cardiac fibrosis is mediated by the activation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, a cell state transition which involves the coordination of expression of hundreds of genes. Previous studies have demonstrated that inhibition of bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins attenuates fibrosis. We recently discovered a novel role of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), a BET family member, in maintaining genome folding by stabilizing the cohesin complex (necessary for genome-genome interactions). We hypothesize that BRD4-mediated genome folding is critical for maintaining the enhancer-promoter interactions at genes required for fibroblast activation.

 Methods:
 A cardiac fibroblast cell line was generated in which a degron epitope tag was appended biallelically to
 Brd4
 to enable acute BRD4 degradation. Fibroblasts were activated via addition of TGFβ.
 Meox1
 , a critical transcription factor mediating a broad fibrotic gene program, was used as a model locus to investigate chromatin looping. The proximity between the
 Meox1
 enhancer and promoter,
 Meox1
 expression, and protein occupancy at the locus were determined using DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization, RT-qPCR, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR, respectively.

 Results:
 The proximity between the
 Meox1
 enhancer and promoter and
 Meox1
 expression increased upon TGFβ-induced activation. BRD4 occupancy was enriched at the enhancer of
 Meox1
 upon activation, and BRD4 depletion reduced
 Meox1
 expression and the co-localization of the
 Meox1
 enhancer and promoter. BRD4 physically interacts with the cohesin agonist NIPBL, and we found that co-depletion of BRD4 and a cohesin antagonist normalizes the
 Meox1
 enhancer and promoter proximity and
 Meox1
 expression levels. Ongoing studies include genome-wide occupancy studies and expanding our findings to
 in vivo
 models of cardiac fibrosis.

 Conclusions:
 Our studies provide a mechanistic understanding of the functional relevance of genome organization during fibroblast activation. These studies will also expand our knowledge on how genome folding regulates cell plasticity and inform therapeutic approaches for targeting pathologic fibrotic remodeling.


Since Dr. Hu Shi and Feng Youlan established "Chinese philosophy" in early decades of 20th century, the dominant and exclusive methodology of the discipline has been held as "logical and scientific". It, however, hinders our understanding of the nonlogical and nonconceptual dimension of Chinese ancient philosophical thoughts. What is needed urgently now is to pluralize the study methods and give the research freedom in depth. That means, on the one hand, to encourage the revival of Chinese ancient ways of study, on the other, to introduce into Chinese philosophy study the new methodological perspectives of contemporary western philosophy that can at least potentially make stimulating dialogue with Chinese thoughts. With these efforts, it will be more possible for Chinese philosophy to find a lively and fruitful academic way in the contemporary world.


Software is assuming an increasing role in the aerospace industry, and by the same token it is also playing an increasing role in many recent incidents and accidents of both military and commercial vehicles. To better understand this role, we examine two case studies from the accident database of the Air Force Accident Investigation Board (AIB). We previously illustrated the limitations of the notion of "software failure" and developed, in its stead, the notion of software contribution to adverse events. We show here how specific operational scenarios, generally unconsidered during the software development and testing, trigger those contributions. We provide an analysis of the recurrent patterns of those mechanisms and preliminary recommendations for software development and testing. We also suggest ways to consolidate AIB reports' findings and to be more mindful of the chain of causality in the accident sequences.


ufacturing management. Recent changes render this section somewhat dated. Quoting from a third party, Pegels notes that Foxboro found that hiring skilled labor to manufacture industrial process controls in Shanghai-Foxboro's joint venture was "virtually impossible" (p. 137). In reality there is an abundance of well-qualified engineers in China. The chapters reporting survey data (drawn primarily from nonrandom samples of participants in the Dalian management-development program) are the weakest. The final chapters include case studies, which are really only interesting vignettes about a series of cooperative agreements between foreign firms and Chinese enterprises. Shanghai-Foxboro is not discussed among the joint ventures, even though it is China's oldest and perhaps one of its most successful joint ventures to date. The final chapter raises important issues about China's continued growth. Ultimately China must, as Pegels notes, answer at least in principle the questions posed in this concluding chapter. In all, this book is quite a good effort at outlining many of the important changes occurring in China today.