Nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide digestion system and electric hot plate digestion method were used to digest the Ningxia drynaria powder and its decoction respectively.Then 17 elements such as K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn and Mn et al were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES).The experiment had good accuracy and precision(recoveries of 90.0%—110.0%and the relative standard deviations of 0.009%—1.26%).The experimental results showed that contents of K and Ca were abundant in the Ningxia drynaria,so were Mg,Fe,Zn and Mn relatively.And in decoction,the dissolution rates of several other elements were higher too,in addition to iron.The determination of trace elements in drynaria could provide a scientific basis not only for further discussion of the medicinal correlation for its powder and decoction,but also for further development and research of the Hui ethnical orthopedic medicine.


"The problem that the South now presents," asserted
Walter Hines Page in an Atlantic Monthly article in 1902, "has at
last become so plain that thoughtful men no longer differ about it.
It is no longer obscured by race differences nor by political differences.
It is simply the training of the untrained masses." Education,
Page was sure, would build a new "democratic order of society"
in the South, would, as he had asserted in a famous 1897
speech, "develop the forgotten man .... The neglected people
will rise," he went on, "and with them will rise all the people."


showed little interest in such intent on the part of the regime's enemies. This carefully researched, remarkably empathetic, and insightful book has some unfortunate errors, a few of which should be noted. It was President Hindenburg's appointment of the National Socialist leader as Reich Chancellor on January 30, 1933, not the March 5, 1933, "elections that brought Hitler to power" (p. 87). Helmuth James von Moltke led his own resistance group, later called the Kreisau Circle; he was not "a member of Dietrich Bonhoeffer's resistance circles" (p. 125). Contrary to Nelson's view that the Americans "were still trying to steer clear of war" in summer and fall 1941 (p. 228), President Roosevelt told Churchill during their meeting in Placentia Bay in August 1941 (as Martin Gilbert in Churchill VI, p. 1,168, quotes Churchill) that "he would wage war, but not declare it, and that he would become more and more provocative," and that "he would look for an 'incident' which would justify him in opening hostilities." Nelson's book was "born of a human rights perspective"; she modestly calls it a "good-faith effort in making sense of this complicated tale" with the material she could find (p. 339). But in some respects her work is exemplary, as a balanced addition to existing literature for Englishand German-language readers (a German translation, Die Rote Kapelle. Die Geschichte der legendären Widerstandsgruppe, Munich: C. Bertelsmann, was published in 2010). This moving account of the convictions, motivations, lives, and deaths of the Berlin group of intellectuals and working-class resisters supersedes the biased and distorting cold-war accounts, the eastern version of which presented the Rote Kapelle as a purely communist-directed organization, while in the west the view of the group as contemptible traitors prevailed. Nelson presents a balanced account of the Berlin group's heterodox antifascism, its priorities and actions, and its involuntarily limited involvement in the transmission of intelligence to Moscow.


When effort cannot be costlessly monitored, Pareto optimal employee compensation schemes require that owners and managers deviate from perfect risk sharing to improve the work incentives facing the manager. This article investigates the implications of this misallocation of risk for the behavior of firms in which managers make decisions for owners. The presented model predicts that, from the owner's perspective, managers will exhibit excessive risk aversion and underinvest in risky projects.


Two mouse hepatocarcinoma ascites syngeneic cell lines,a Hca-F with lymph node metastasis rate of 75% and a Hca-P with low lymph node metastasis rate of 25%were established and well maintained in our laboratory.The different expressed proteins between the two cell lines were separated and compared with fluorescent two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis(2D DIGE),the expression levels of differentially expressed proteins were quantified by DeCyder software and protein identifications of interested protein spots were performed via the high performance liquid chromatography-nano electrospray HPLC-nESI-MS/MS approach.Among the total 116 protein spots obtained by the 2D DIGE,62 protein spots were observed up-regulated in Hca-F and 54 protein spots up-regulated in Hca-P cell lines,respectively.109 unique proteins were identified from all the 116 different expressed protein spots.Part of the identified protein candidates have been reported to be associated with the occurrence,invasion and metastasis of a variety of tumors.However,most of the proteins identified in current were for the first time revealed to be involved in the mouse hepatocarcinoma due to the lymphatic metastasis.


This study analyzed the effect of farm and nonfarm livelihood activities on the well-being of arable crop farmers in Yenagoa Local Government area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Nigeria. Data were collected through well-structured questionnaire from 100 arable crop farmers. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The result showed that poultry rearing (=3.5), swine rearing (=3.3), cassava cultivation (=3.3), maize cultivation (=3.1), rice cultivation (=2.9) were the farm and non-farm livelihood activities which had effect on arable crop farmers well-being. The result further showed that 60.0% of arable crop farmer had block house as the shelter and 40% had meal ratio of 1:0:1 daily. The regression result indicated that the coefficient of well-being of arable crop farmers (2.521) was positive and statistically significant at 1%. The study concluded that farm and non-farming livelihood activities had positive effect on arable crop farmers. Hence, it was recommended that arable crop farmers should be encouraged to also engage in non-farm livelihood activities.


Material hardness of natural fiber composites depends upon the orientation of fibers, ratio of fiber to matrix, and their mechanical and physical properties. Experimentally finding the material hardness of composites is an involved task. The present work attempts to explore the deformation mechanism of natural fiber composites subjected to post-yield indentation by a spherical indenter through a two-dimensional finite element analysis. In the present work, jute-polypropylene, sisal-polypropylene, and banana-polypropylene composites are considered. The analysis is attempted by varying the properties of Young's modulus of fiber and matrix, diameter of fiber, and horizontal and vertical center distance between the fibers. The analyses results showed that as the distance between the fiber's center increases, the bearing load capacity of all composite increases nonlinearly. The jute fiber composite shows predominate load-carrying capacity compared to other composites at all

 L
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 ratios and interference ratios. The influence of subsurface stress in lateral direction is minimal and gets reduced as the distance between the fiber centers increases. The variation in diameter of fiber influences significantly, i.e., beyond the

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 ratio of 1.0; for the same contact load ratio, the bearing area support is double for jute-polypropylene composite compared to sisal-polypropylene composite. Compared to the sisal-polypropylene composite, for the same interference ratio, the load-carrying capacity is two times high for banana-polypropylene composite, whereas four times high for jute-polypropylene composite, but this effect decreases as the

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 ratio decreases. In all the composites, the subsurface stress gets distributed as the

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 ratio increases. The ratio of fibers center distance to diameter of fiber influences marginally on the contact load and contact area and significantly on the contact stress for all the fiber-reinforced composites.


Recent studies suggest that prostaglandins of the E and F series may cause release of the adenohypophysial hormones, ACTH, growth hormone (GH), prolactin and LH. Evidence for the stimulation of ACTH release from the rat pituitary by prostaglandin has been presented by de Wied, Witter, Versteeg & Mulder (1969); Peng, Six & Munson (1970) and Hedge (1972). Hertelendy, Todd, Ehrhart & Blute (1972) observed that intravenous doses (20 \g=m\g/kg) of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in castrated rams rapidly induced a significant increase in the plasma concentration of GH. Vermouth & Deis (1972) found that two intraperitoneal injections of PGF2\g=a\ on Day 18 of pregnancy in rats resulted in a biphasic elevation of plasma prolactin at 12 and 20 hr. Indirect evidence exists which indicates that PGF2\g=a\ may stimulate LH release in the rat (Labhsetwar, 1970; Orczyk & Behrman, 1972; Varavudhi & Chobdieng, 1972).Systemic infusion of PGF2\g=a\ in sheep with autotransplanted ovaries resulted in an increase in progesterone secretion rate (in contrast to infusions directly, into the ovary). This increase might have resulted from a direct or indirect effect of PGF2\g=a\ on the pituitary (McCracken, 1971). Further evidence for a pituitary effect was obtained, following the subcutaneous injection of PGF2\g=a\ into normal ewes while studying oestrous cycle control (McCracken, Barcikowski, Carlson, Green & Samuelsson, 1973). In four ewes,


This chapter argues that a more joined-up appreciation of the genealogical relationships so widely argued to exist between ancient and modern theories of narrative helps us to better understand both. It explores the ways in which literary theory both shapes and is shaped by its canon. Aristotle's decision to take tragedy as his touchstone and to extend its poetics to explain all other kinds of (mimetic) poetry will have produced a very different model than if he had chosen Aristophanes' absurdist comedy or Sappho's lyric poetry instead. Twentieth-century narratology would have produced a very different set of theories if it had chosen Roman rhetoric or Hellenistic poetics as its starting point. In choosing Plato and Aristotle as its foundational touchstones, modern narratology is similarly moulded by these parts of its canon, its own structures patterned by those exhibited in its objects of study.


A brief account is given of renewed interest in lens regeneration in rabbits from the epithelial cells along the equator of the lens after removal of the crystalline body from the lens capsule. This interest is due to the claims by some recent investigators that better lens regeneration takes place in the presence of implanted cytolyzed fetal tissue within the lens capsule. However, overwhelming evidence has now accumulated to show that the presence of cytolyzing cells does not favor lens regeneration over that of normal controls. The evidence for lens regeneration after complete lentectomy is reviewed for all classes of vertebrates. After the original lens is removed from the eyes of several species of salamanders a new one regenerates from a budding process along the pupillary margin of the dorsal iris. Except for two species of fishes and one species of frog-tadpoles, lens regeneration following lentectomy has never been observed in any of the other vertebrates. Many experiments show that cells with the potential for lens regeneration in the newt eye are confined to the dorsal part of the eye and are scattered over the dorsal iris and even among the retinal pigment cells in the dorsal wall of the eye. Many experiments by the author on the eyes of adult newts are cited, dealing with the release of lens regeneration by a retinal factor and with the apparent inhibitor effect by living lens tissue.


Let G be a finite group, and let p 1,…, p m be the distinct prime divisors of |G|. A complete Sylow product of G is a product P 1,…, P m , where each P i is a Sylow p i -subgroup of G, 1 ≤ i ≤ m. Let R(G) be the solvable radical of G, and let H(G) be the intersection of all complete Sylow products of G. It is known ([8]) that R(G) ≤ H(G) for any G, while characterizing the groups G for which R(G) = H(G) is an open question. New results (Corollary 15) about this question are obtained by studying the average Sylow multiplicity of PSL(2, q). The multiplicity of g ∈ G in a sequence P 1,…, P m of Sylow p i -subgroups is the number of factorizations g = g 1…g m such that g i ∈ P i . It is proved that the properly normalized average of the multiplicity over all Sylow sequences as above (for a fixed ordering of the primes), is a character of G, and a general formula for its irreducible decomposition is given. It is shown that G is solvable iff the average Sylow multiplicity character is the trivial character, and the connection to a solvability criterion of Gallagher is explained.


The current study aims to know the relationship between psychological resilience and communication skills among a sample of students of the Faculty of Education at the University of Damascus, and whether there are statistically significant differences between the average degrees of psychological resilience and communication skills for males and females, as well as between the average scores of the sample members according to academic specialization and academic year. The study sample consisted of (140) male and female students, including (84) students from the Department of Psychology, and (56) students from the Department of Psychological Counseling. By Samer Radwan (Rudwan, 2018) The Communication Skills Scale was built based on previous studies. He also extracted for the two scales the necessary validity and reliability coefficients, and the results that resulted from the study, the existence of a statistically significant correlation between psychological resilience and communication skills. A high percentage, and this indicates a high degree of psychological flexibility among the students of the Faculty of Education at the University of Damascus, the members of the research sample. Medium percentage, and this indicates the presence of a medium degree of communication skills among students of the Faculty of Education at the University of Damascus, members of the research sample. In addition to the absence of statistically significant differences between the average scores of the sample members on the scale of psychological resilience and the scale of communication skills according to the gender variable, while there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the research sample according to the variable of the school year in favor of the fifth year on the scale of psychological resilience. There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the sample members according to the academic specialization, and the scale of communication skills, and the researcher interpreted these results in the light of the research data based on the theoretical framework and previous studies.


Coordination of operation of hydrothermal power systems is in line with optimum reduction of energy generation costs. Researches for preparation of operational models for planning of hydrothermal power systems have been started since 50 years ago. HTCOM software package as one of these models was developed in 1997 in McMaster University ,Canada. This model determines long-term operational policies for a hydrothermal power system with multi-pwpose reservoirs. This nonlinear model considers stochastic inflows by scenario analysis. However, energy demand is considered deterministic. Considering capabilities of this model in dealing with hydrothermal planning and to improve its performance, uncertain energy demand is applied to this model in this paper. The improved model has been utilized in a real world system in the Khuzestan province in Iran, comprising of multi-purpose reservoirs and thermal power plants.


Objective:To investigate characteristic of lipid profiles and atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes(T2DM),and to explore effect of different intensive interventions on these aspects.Methods:Three hundred and eighty two patients with newly diagnosed T2DM and 68 people with normal glucose tolerance were included to assess the lipid profile,fasting plasma glucose,height,weight,waist and hip circumference.Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were carried out in patients with T2DM.Body mass index(BMI),waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),AIP acute insulin response(AIR),HOMA-B and HOMA-IR were calculated.Patients in T2DM group were randomly assigned to therapy with insulin(CSII or MDI)or oral hypoglycaemic agents for initial rapid correction of hyperglycaemia.Treatment was stopped after normoglycaemia has been maintained for 2 weeks.Baseline measurements were repeated after treatment.Results:Comparing with control group,proportion of dyslipidemia was significantly higher in T2DM(81.7% VS.67.6%,P0.01);triglyceride(TG)increased significantly(median:1.75 mmol/L VS.1.12 mmol/L,P0.01),so did AIP(0.19±0.32 VS.-0.01±0.29,P0.01).In T2DM group,AIP was significantly higher in male than in female(0.23±0.33 VS.0.10±0.28,P0.01)and positively correlated with BMI,WHR,Homa-IR,total cholesterol(TC),TG and LDL-C;while negatively correlated with HDL-C.Lipid profiles of T2DM patients were improved after 2-5 weeks of intensive hypoglycemic therapy with no significant difference among different treatment groups.Conclusion:There is high prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM presenting as increased TG and AIP.And AIP is positively correlated with index reflecting insulin resistance.Dyslipidemia and AIP of patients with newly diagnosed T2DM can be effectively improved by different short term intensive hypoglycemic interventions.


I review the data published during the last 5 years on the effects of early treatment of prostate cancer on survival.


The evolving agricultural technologies used mostly for remote access and modernization in farming connected via the Internet of Things (IoT) have been grown rapidly. However because of the wide size of all its broadcaster's propagandizing existence, it has some significant concerns with respect to security and privacy. We utilize blockchain to address such security breaches, allowing the development of a decentralized distributed blockchain system that's also exchanged between the IoT cluster heads. This article's major focus is provide smart greenhouse farmlands with a portable blockchain-based infrastructure which offers integrity and confidentiality. Where, green-house IoT sensor nodes are function as a blockchain centrally controlled to optimize the energy consumption by utilizing secure immutable ledgers. Furthermore, we present a significant solution that integrates blockchain technology via IoT devices to offer Smart Greenhouse cultivation with an enhanced secure communication.


The Digha Nikaya or "the collection of long doctrinary lectures" delivered by the Buddha is first of the five Nikayas or collection belonging to the Suttapitaka or the basket of (Buddha's) discourses which is one of the three major collection of Buddhist texts in Pali, the other two being Vinayapitaka and Abhidbamnapitaka.


In these three forest comedies, where the motif of the hunt is so prominent, the borders between the human and the animal worlds are blurred, thus allowing old myths and 'antique fables' to return. Ovid's Metamorphoses provided an almost inexhaustible source of material to be used in this respect, both as an immense repertoire of stories, names and imagery and as the most extraordinary encyclopedia of the vagaries and monstrosities of love and desire. This paper aims at following up some of these Ovidian trails in MND, MW and A YL, where animal metaphors and the theme of metamorphosis occupy a central position. Although these three plays are rarely studied together as they belong to different periods of Shakespeare's dramatic creation and are allotted various positions in Shakespeare's comic spectrum (romantic comedy, bourgeois comedy or farce and pastoral comedy), it seems to me that the three present us with three successive variations on the common theme of comic or grotesque metamorphosis. My view is that Shakespeare explored and exploited all the dramatic possibilities of this theme by tackling it each time from a different angle and at another level of its genetic development using as his sources Ovid's text as well as the non-written traditions of Warwickshire folklore. In his Select Bibliographical Guides to Shakespeare, Stanley Wells rightly points out that «there is no comprehensive study of the important influence of Ovid» on Shakespeare.F This remark is particularly relevant for a play like MND where the teeming world of The Metamorphoses has been so brilliantly transposed for the stage by Shakespeare, not only in the burlesque mode but also from the point of view of poetry and fantasy. Ovid's text has been so intimately woven into the fabric of the play that besides the explicit allusions to such well-known episodes as those of Theseus and Hippolyta, Hercules and Cadmus, Orpheus and the Bacchanals, Pyramus and Thishe, there are almost endless secondary associations between the two. It would be wrong, however, to present Shakespeare's text as a mosaic of Ovidian allusions since these are so constantly adapted, disguised, reworked to fit his dramatic ends that they never look as artificial as in Lyly's Gallathea or The Maydes Metamorphosis (an anonymous comedy attributed to Lyly). Shakespeare has also been careful to filter these allusions through other sources like Chaucer's The Knigh t 's


To provide a control valve that allows to ensure a perfect tightness between one petal and the next petal when closing the valve. A fully open position and the full plurality of petals being rotatable between a closed position (segment or sector); provided with a (6,6 '7,7'), different shapes and sizes rotatable petal (6,7; 6 ', 7') is, in the control valve for connection unit for a flexible hose which is arranged in pairs alternately along the periphery of the connecting unit (5,5 ') is there. Small petals (6, 6 ') is straight lateral sides (33) and in contact with the flow tightly against the curved portion (34) straight lateral sides corresponding large petals when the valve is closed ( 38) and having a substantially triangular shape with a rounded end (36). The said curved end portion and the lateral sides (38) of small petals (6, 6 ') (36), removably secured to the remote end of said substantially circular cross-sectional lateral sides (38) seal gasket having an end portion (82) is accommodated and held, having a cavity (80) consecutive with there shaped cross section and a small lateral inlet. .FIELD 5


The analytic solution for inverse scattering in optical coherence tomography is formulated for fields that are non-paraxial. Such a solution is important in high numerical-aperture experiments where the paraxial approximation may not be valid.


In Reply. —Dr Civerchia addresses some interesting and controversial areas. I will direct my response to the two general areas she discusses: (1) eyelid tattooing and (2) high-volume surgery. I am pleased that Dr Civerchia and her patients have found eyelid tattooing to be "delightful" and that "no patient has ever lost an eyelash." Unfortunately, I have even lost isolated eyelashes in patients from trauma as minor as local anesthetic injections and am surprised that local anesthetic injections plus the multiple trauma from the eyelid tattoo needles in the lash follicles (even if no pigment were injected) has never resulted in an eyelash being lost. Every procedure has at least minor complications, and I strongly doubt that thousands of these operations can be performed without any lash loss or problems, as would be suggested by some surgeons who have performed very large numbers of eyelid tattoo operations. I must admit


JUAN RUIZ DE ALARCON, LETRADO Y DRAMATURGO: SU MUNDO MEXICANO Y ESPANOL. By Willard F.King, translated by Antonio Alatorre. (Mexico City: Colegio de Mexico, 1989. Pp. 290.) FOOTLIGHTS ACROSS THE BORDER: A HISTORY OF SPANISH-LANGUAGE PROFESSIONAL THEATRE ON THE TEXAS STAGE. By Elizabeth C. Ramirez. (New York: Peter Lang, 1990. Pp. 194. $43.95 cloth.) A HISTORY OF HISPANIC THEATRE IN THE UNITED STATES: ORIGINS TO 1940. By Nicolas Kanellos. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1990. Pp. 240. $38.00 cloth, $15.95 paper.) MEXICAN AMERICAN THEATER: LEGACY AND REALITY. By Nicolas Kanellos. (Pittsburgh, Pa.: Latin American Literary Review Press, 198Z Pp. 125. $10.00 paper.) THE DIALOGICAL THEATRE: DRAMATIZATIONS OF THE CONQUEST OF MEXICO AND THE QUESTION OF THE OTHER. By Max Harris. (New York: St. Martin's, 1993. Pp. 211. $45.00 cloth.)


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to the area of medicine and a visualization agent containing a collagen-binding peptide (CBP) and the visualization group. The invention also suggests a predecessor for obtaining the visualization agent and the pharmaceutical composition containing the visualization agent. EFFECT: high binding affinity with collagen. 5 cl, 20 ex, 1 dwg


Through investigation on the relationship between public administration and economic development in U S A, the article intends to make a profound analysis of the following aspects concerning U S.government: transformation of the structure and economic function of U S.government; the efficiency of its policymaking; the influence of interest groups on policymaking; decentralization and balance of governmental powers among functional departments like U S.Federal Reserve and the Accounting Office, the government's macro-economic control and economic growth.


On the basis of AVHRR GIMMS NDVI and MODIS NDVI, we constructed monthly NDVI sequences covering Northeast China from 1982 to 2009 using a per-pixel unary linear regression model. The expanded NDVI passed the consistency check and were well used for analysis. The monthly NDVI trends were highly correlated with climatic changes. Spatially averaged NDVI in summer exhibited a downward trend with


The spread of E-commerce services based on distributed applications has raised the need to analyze what management techniques are suitable to control and monitor the resources implied in its operation. These management methods have the goal of improving the performance and the reliability of these applications, and making easier configuration and security tasks, which are key issues to maximize the quality of service offered. This paper gives an analysis and comparison between different techniques utilized for the management of brokerage services developed in the ACTS ABS and ABROSE European projects.


A distributed control method is proposed to simultaneously optimize the power sharing among sources of islanded dc microgrids, while regulating the distribution bus voltage. During the optimization process, an economic dispatch problem is solved to minimize the total generation cost by setting the output powers of the dispatchable sources. To this end, the voltage set points of individual dc-dc converters are adjusted using a voltage regulator and an optimizer, which regulates the average voltage of the sources to establish the generation-consumption equality constraint and matches the incremental costs, respectively. Afterward, the proposed optimizer is modified to exclude the sources from the incremental cost consensus protocol upon reaching their generation limits, enforcing inequality constraints. This coregulation and cooptimization paradigm is developed in a fully distributed fashion. The dynamical model of the proposed controller is established. The steady-state analysis verifies the fulfillment of the control objectives, i.e., voltage regulation and cost minimization. Experimental results verify the controller performance and validate its resiliency against cyber and physical faults.


It is a known fact that invasive plants perform better in their introduced range than in the native range.  The invasion-driven modifications of the soil microbial community and alleolopathic compounds are considered as factors contributing to their success over co-occurring natives.  Here we present evidence to show that Austroeupatorium inulifolium invasion has altered the soil microbial population to facilitate its own growth.  A pot experiment showed higher growth increments in Austroeupatorium when grown in soil with a history of Austroeupatorium invasion compared to that with no history of invasion.  The native, Psiadia ceylanica showed no parallel growth increments when grown under similar conditions.  In support, the enzyme activities (catalase and dehydrogenase) and soil microbial biomass carbon also recorded higher values in invaded soils compared to un-invaded soils. Further, Austroeupatorium showed higher dependence on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) than that of the native, Psiadia .  The results suggest that Austroeupatorium invasion has enhanced soil microbial populations and functions in order to take the advantage over other natives.


The construction of information-based foreign language teaching mode based on computer and network technology is an effective way to reform the teaching of college English courses. The integration of information technology and college English teaching is a hot issue in the process of information technology education, and it is also an inevitable trend of college English teaching. This paper briefly introduces the concept of the integration of information technology and college English teaching, and probes into the significance and ways of the cultivation of college English teachers' information technology literacy and teaching integration ability, which is of great practical significance for promoting the development of college English teaching.


In the context of teacher formation the use of coercion is criticized, but in practice the teacher seems to make use of such strategies and ignore alternatives for interaction and teaching practices. The objective of this work was checking the correspondence between the description and the practice of coercion events in the student-teacher interaction with four Elementary-School female teachers in a public school. To do that, a combined methodology was used: questionnaire and direct observation. The results showed the occurrence of a level of non-correspondence between what they say and what they do in all participants. The conclusion points to the need, as shown by the literature, to focus on the analysis of the behaviors in relation to what is reported in the same reality.


The present invention discloses an encryption and description method to digital and authorization. The present invention includes a public key PK which is generated by a terminal agent, a private key SK, a plaintext digital content which is generated by authorized servers, a DK, a RO and a CEK. The authorized server encrypts the digital contents of the plaintext with CEK and gets the contents of the encrypted text. The authorized server encrypts the digital contents of the plaintext CEk with PEK and gets the contents of the encrypted text CEk. The authorized server encrypts the digital contents of the plaintext RO with DK and gets the contents of the encrypted text RO. The authorized server encrypts the digital contents of the plaintext DK with PK and gets the contents of the encrypted text DK. The contents of the encrypted text, encrypted text CEK, encrypted text RO and encrypted text DK are sent to the terminal. The authorized server decrypts the digital contents of the encrypted text DK with SK and gets the contents of the plaintext DK. The authorized server decrypts the digital contents of the encrypted text RO with DK and gets the contents of the plaintext RO. The authorized server decrypts the digital contents of the encrypted text CEK with the plaintext PEK in the plaintext RO and gets the contents of the plaintext CEK. The authorized server decrypts the digital contents of the encrypted text with the plaintext CEK in the plaintext RO and gets the contents of the plaintext. The present invention realizes protection for the digital content and authorized copyright of DRM systems.


One of the most persistent legacies of Karl Marx and the Young Hegelians has been the centrality of the concept of "ideology" in contemporary social criticism. The concept was introduced in order to account for a very specific phenomenon, viz. the fact that individuals often participate in maintaining and reproducing institutions under which they are oppressed or exploited. In the extreme, these individuals may even actively resist the efforts of anyone who tries to change these institutions on their behalf. Clearly, some explanation needs to be given of how individuals could systematically fail to see where their interests lie, or how they might fail to pursue these interests once these have been made clear to them. This need is often felt with some urgency, since failure to provide such an explanation usually counts as prima facie evidence against the claim that these individuals are genuinely oppressed or exploited in the first place. There is of course no question that this kind of phenomenon requires a special sort of explanation. Unfortunately, Feuerbach, Marx, and their followers took the fateful turn of attempting to explain these "ideological" effects as a consequence of irrationality on the part of those under their sway.1 While there are no doubt instances where practices are reproduced without good reason, the ascription of irrationality to agents is an explanatory device whose use carries with it significant costs, both theoretical and practical. In this paper, I will argue that many of the phenomena traditionally grouped together under the category of "ideological effects" can be explained without relinquishing the rationality postulate. Using the example of a collective action problem, I will try to show how agents can rationally engage in patterns of action that are ultimately contrary to their interests, and how they can rationally resist changing these patterns even when the deleterious or self-defeating character of their actions has been pointed out to them. I think that an approach such as this, one that is sparing in its ascription of irrationality and error, has two principal advantages. First, it allows one to engage in social criticism while minimizing the tendency to insult the intelligence of the people on whose behalf the critical intervention has been initiated. This may reduce the tendency exhibited by some members of these groups to reassert their autonomy precisely by rejecting the critical theory that impugns their rationality. The second major advantage is also practical. The vast majority of oppressive practices, I will argue, are not reproduced because people have false or irrational


Presents the text of the Executive Order 10988 on the employee-management cooperation in the federal service in the United States. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)


Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age‐related disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and corresponding motor deficits. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in the neurodegenerative process in PD. Although dietary restriction (DR) extends lifespan and reduces levels of cellular oxidative stress in several different organ systems, the impact of DR on age‐related neurodegenerative disorders is unknown. We report that DR in adult mice results in resistance of dopaminergic neurons in the SN to the toxicity of 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). MPTP‐induced loss of dopaminergic neurons and deficits in motor function were ameliorated in DR rats. To mimic the beneficial effect of DR on dopaminergic neurons, we administered 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (2‐DG; a nonmetabolizable analogue of glucose) to mice fed ad libitum. Mice receiving 2‐DG exhibited reduced damage to dopaminergic neurons in the SN and improved behavioral outcome following MPTP treatment. The 2‐DG treatment suppressed oxidative stress, preserved mitochondrial function, and attenuated cell death in cultured dopaminergic cells exposed to the complex I inhibitor rotenone or Fe2+. 2‐DG and DR induced expression of the stress proteins heat‐shock protein 70 and glucose‐regulated protein 78 in dopaminergic cells, suggesting involvement of these cytoprotective proteins in the neuroprotective actions of 2‐DG and DR. The striking beneficial effects of DR and 2‐DG in models of PD, when considered in light of recent epidemiological data, suggest that DR may prove beneficial in reducing the incidence of PD in humans. J. Neurosci. Res. 57:195–206, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Abstract In this study, we compared the effectiveness of ratio and allometric scaling for normalizing power and strength in elite male rugby union players. Rugby union forwards (n = 18) and backs (n = 20) were assessed for squat jump and bench throw peak power, and box squat and bench press one-repetition maximum strength. The performance data for the forwards and backs were compared using ratio (P/BM) and allometric scaling (P/BMb ), where P represents performance, BM is body mass in kilograms, and b is a power exponent. A proposed allometric exponent (0.67) and exponents (±95% confidence intervals) derived for the box squat (0.33 ± 0.31), bench press (0.45 ± 0.30), bench throw (0.46 ± 0.36), and squat jump (0.64 ± 0.31) exercises were used. In general, the absolute expression of power and strength was superior for the heavier forwards, but after ratio scaling these performance measures then favoured the lighter backs. There were no performance differences between the forwards and backs after allometric scaling using either the proposed or the derived exponents. Thus, allometric scaling may provide a more effective method for normalizing power and strength in elite athletes when body size is a confounding variable.


Aim. To evaluate the management and outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients (ACS) comorbid with atrial fibrillation (AF) during in-patient period and in 12 months from ACS onset. Material and methods. Into multicenter prospective registry (CCH № 29 of Moscow), beginning December 2013, during 12 months, all consecutive patients included, with ACS, and AF on baseline ECG. Follow-up was continued during hospitalization and in 12 months from ACS (phone call). Results. Totally, 234 patients included. Mean age 72,0±11,6 y.o., 65+73,5%, females — 68,8%, anamnesis of myocardial infarction (MI) — 35,9%, diabetes — 23,9%, known AF before ACS — 65,0%, non-ST-elevation ACS — 97,9%, Killip >I — 7,3%, ST depression on baseline ECG — 89,9%, high troponin level — 59,0%, GRACE risk of fatal outcome >140 points. — 75,2%, median CHA2 DS2 -Vasc — 5 pts. At discharge from hospital, 44% patients received double antiplatelet treatment (DAT), 38% — aspirin with oral anticoagulant (OAC), 33% — warfarin, 23% — new OAC (NOAC). During hospitalization (median 14 days) 7 patients died (3,0%). In 12 months the outcomes were followed in 210 patients (89,8%). By 12 months from ACS onset, 18,1% patients died, and in 12 months but after discharge — 15,3%. New MI after discharge had 1,5%, stroke — 2,5%, and bleeding — 3,5% patients. The part of fatal outcomes in 12 months did not differ in DAT or aspirin with OAC groups (12,1% vs 12,8%; p=0,88). The "remained" prescription rate (i.e. adherence) in 12 months after ACS was maximum for aspirin, OAC and NOAC (71%, 58%, 63%, resp.) and minimum for DAT and aspirin with OAC (20% and 27%, resp.). The independent predictors of death after discharge from hospital up to 12 months from ACS onset were the baseline hemoglobin 140 pts. (OR 6,88; 95% CI 1,44-32,80; р=0,015) and non-prescription of aspirin in discharge (OR 3,21; 95% CI 1,20-8,61; р=0,02). Conclusion. The results of observational study of ACS and AF patients, admitted to Moscow city "non-invasive" clinic, showed high rate of fatal outcomes in 12 months after ACS (18,1%), low adherence to the prescribed treatment after discharge. Also, in the group studied, there were predictors of fatal outcomes in 12 months after ACS.


International summits and conferences bring together a variety of stakeholders including highlevel government actors, to discuss and agree on resolutions to tackle global problems. However, the extent to which the resolutions are implemented varies. Likewise, the extent to which governments and other stakeholders can be held accountable for the commitments that they make at the conference or summit varies.


This paper is concerned with the Cauchy problem to Euler-Poisson equations for 1D unipolar hydrodynamic model of semiconductors with time-dependent damping effect − nu (1+t)λ for λ∈ (−1,0)∪(0,1), where the damping is strong for λ<0 and weak for λ>0. For the strong damping case with λ∈ (−1,0), the system is proved to possess a unique global smooth solution time-asymptotically converging to the steady-state in the sub-exponential form O((1+ t)|λ|e−α(1+t) 1−|λ| ) for some constant α>0. For the weak damping case with λ∈ (0,1), when the doping profile is completely flat, the system is further proved to admit a unique global smooth solution converging to the constant steady-state in the sub-exponential form O((1+ t)− |θ+λ| 2 e−β(1+t) 1−|λ| ) for some number β>0. Specially, the index θ∈ [λ,∞) relies on the initial perturbation and could be large enough once the initial perturbation is sufficiently close to zero, such that the convergence rate involving the part of algebraic decay can be arbitrarily large. A new observation is that the time-dependent damping essentially affects the asymptotic behavior of solutions to Euler-Poisson system, and both the weak and strong damping effects cause the decay rates to be sub-exponential, which are slower than the regular exponential decay in the case of λ=0. The adopted approach for the proof in this paper is based on the elementary L2-energy estimates but with some technical development.


Genetic Algorithm(GA) is applied to the global Robot Path Planning in this article.A novel modeling method is presented for GA for global robot path planning,which is implemented only dependent on the positions of the start node and the goal node of the robot.This method avoids the disadvantages of the complexity of the MAKLINK Graph modeling and the most popular Grid modeling method,such as the difficulty of allocating grid grain,the inconsistence of the chromosomes' length and the complexity of calculation.Genes lie in the vertical lines of nodes that equally divide the line from the start node of the robot to the goal node,and are denoted in single value .To speed up the convergence of GA,the positive feedback from the Ant Colony Optimization(ACO) is introduced to the crossover operation and the mutation operation.The experiment results demonstrate this algorithm can immediately find a path even in complex environments.


•  Introduction •  Transcription factor PU.1: expression distribution and function –  Functional domains of PU.1 protein –  Structure of PU.1 ETS domain and its binding to DNA –  PU.1 gene regulation •  PU.1‐interacting proteins –  NF‐IL6β (C/EBP‐δ) –  c‐Jun –  CBP –  GATA‐1 –  Antagonism between GATA‐1 and PU.1 –  Synergistic interaction between PU.1 and GATA‐1 –  C/EBP‐α –  c‐Myb –  AML‐1 –  AML‐1/ETO –  Pip/NF‐EM5/IRF‐4 –  PU.1‐protein interactions and HSC fate determination •  Concluding remarks


Introduction: Social reward is a result of human interactions that motivates and gives happiness. In this study, an attempt was made to understand various domains of the social reward of dental staff. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the individual differences in the value of social reward among dental staff working in teaching health-care institutions. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based study was conducted on dental staff working in teaching health-care institutions. Demographic data were collected. The social reward was assessed using Social Reward Questionnaire on a seven-point Likert scale. The mean value of each domain was calculated and compared based on the academic experience of the staff. The significance difference was tested using one-way ANOVA. Results: A total of 290 dental staff members of a mean age of 33.4 ± 6.2 years participated in the study. Those with academic experience of <1 year had a highest mean value with regard to domains such as admiration and sociability. The staff members of >11 years of experience had the highest mean value with regard to pro-social interaction. Conclusion: Understanding the individual differences in valuing social reward is useful to organizations in promoting a better work environment, contributes for pro-social behaviors among staff, helps in sustaining the worth, and contributes for positive human interactions.


The claim of multiculture is significant for solving cultural conflicts,withstanding cultural aggression and cultural convervatism,as different cultures communicate more frequently.In order to put this claim into effect,it is necessary to reform the education,ie,to carry out the research on the theory of multicultural education,form an idea of the multicultural education,offer the multiculture course in school,and train teachers to qualify them for effective multicultural education.


In recent years, the application of deep learning prediction models in predicting stock price trends has attracted extensive attention from researchers, which can help investors make better investment decisions. Therefore, we aims to use the data set provided by Jane Street to establish a stock forecast model and develop a trading strategy. In this paper, we proposed a stock prediction model based on LightGBM. Experiments show that our model has better predictive power and higher returns compared with other machine learning models. Specifically, our LightGBM-based stock prediction model has a return rate of 24.7% higher than that of the Xgboost model and 8.9% higher than that of the Nerual Network.


The Law on Strengthening the Ties of the School with Life and Further Developing the Public Education System in the USSR has substituted compulsory universal eight-year education for all children between the age of 7 and 15 to 16 for compulsory universal seven-year education which had been in effect before.


The powerful power supplies system (up to 3 – 4 GW in impulse) was developed for the electromagnetic mass accelerator. Unique blocks of repeated switching rated on high currents (up to 1.2MA and voltage up to 5KV) are considered. In this paper various designs of the mass accelerator system and its power supplies are described.


We present partial branching fractions for inclusive charmless semileptonic B decays (B) over bar -> X(u)l (nu) over bar, and the determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element vertical bar V-ub vertical bar. The analysis is based on a sample of 383 x 10(6) gamma(4S) decays into B (B) over bar pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II e(+)e(-) storage rings. We select events using the invariant mass M-X of the hadronic system, the invariant mass squared, q(2), of the lepton and neutrino pair, the kinematic variable P+, or one of their combinations. We then determine partial branching fractions in limited regions of phase space: Delta B = (1.18 +/- 0.09(stat) +/- 0.07(syst) +/- 0.01(theor)) x 10(-3) (M-X 8 GeV2/c(4)). Corresponding values of vertical bar V-ub vertical bar are extracted using several theoretical calculations.


Development of optimal design methods for general 6 degree-of-freedom parallel manipulators is important in obtaining an optimal architecture or pose for the best kinematic performance. Use of a performance index such as the condition number of the Jacobian matrix that is composed of nonhomogeneous physical units may lack physical significance. In order to avoid unit mismatch in the Jacobian matrix, the paper presents a new Jacobian formulation by use of three point generalized coordinates, which results in a (9/spl times/9) dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian matrix. The condition number of the new Jacobian matrix is used to design an optimal architecture or pose of parallel manipulators for best dexterity. A design example with a Gough-Stewart platform parallel manipulator by using the proposed formulation is shown to generate the same optimal configuration as from using the other Jacobian formulation methods.


In this paper we introduce a new technology based on a mild chemical pretreatment process prior to mechanical pulping. Chips are treated with a dilute solution of oxalic acid (OA) for only 10 minute at 130°C, in a typical example. The properties of the pulp produced by this OA process are quite different from those obtained via conventional chemical pretreatments, providing a much more valuable pulp, and at higher yields. Refining results obtained at the Andritz Pilot Plant in Springfield, Ohio show an outstanding combination of strength improvements, energy savings, and shive and triglycerides reduction, with only a modest loss in brightness. Under suitable conditions the light scattering coefficient of the oxalic-treated treated chips was fully recovered without losing the above benefits. Maintaining light scattering coefficient with this treatment is of great interest, particularly to those mills producing lightweight coated paper (LWC). Refining results are presented here, along with an evaluation of the process economics for a LWC example case. Based on strength improvements (kraft replacement in the final furnish) and energy savings, the production cost savings are substantial. For the LWC example, at least $9 million/year net savings before license fees can be realized in an operation producing 372 t/d of OA mechanical pulp for 600 t/d of blended LWC furnish. Based on this strong economic potential, several mechanical pulp mills have expressed interest in conducting in-mill evaluations. Planning for mill trials is currently underway. INTRODUCTION Presently about 25% of the world's wood pulp is produced by mechanical pulping. This volume is expected to increase as raw materials become more difficult to obtain: With twice the yield of chemical pulping processes, mechanical pulping is a practical way to extend these resources. Mechanical pulping is electrical energy-intensive (a mill producing 300-ton pulp per day spends about $10 million in electricity cost per year) and yields paper with less strength compared to paper produced from chemical pulping processes. These disadvantages limit the use of mechanical pulps in many grades of paper. In many cases, chemical (kraft) pulp is blended with mechanical pulp to impart strength to the paper produced. However, chemical pulp is expensive and produces large amounts of both air and water pollutants in its processing. The new OA process modifies the internal bonding in the wood fiber composite structure, producing chips that behave significantly differently during the subsequent refining operation of mechanical pulping. The resulting pulp has substantially better fiber properties, giving much higher strength while at the same time providing energy savings in the refining process. Development History The OA process had its origins with the biopulping research [1-2] conducted at the University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center and the USDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory (FPL), Madison, WI. That research clearly demonstrated the removal of calcium from wood chip cell walls during two-week fungal pretreatment. Addition of calcium (up to 2000 ppm on a dry weight basis) to the wood chips at the time of fungal inoculation completely inhibited biopulping efficacy (Akhtar et al., unpublished). Observed deposition of calcium oxalate on the surface and inside of the wood chips, and the lower pH of the fungus-treated chips, were suggestive that oxalic acid produced by the fungus could be involved in biopulping. Several follow-up experiments were conducted by Akhtar et al. wherein pretreatment of southern yellow pine chips with a dilute solution of oxalic acid prior to mechanical pulping resulted in substantial energy savings and fiber strength improvements. Process development work was conducted in the University of Wisconsin Department of Chemical Engineering, in collaboration with BioPulping International (BPI), Madison, WI, and with the assistance of FPL. A PCT application on the new technology was filed by the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (WARF). Process development and optimization has continued to date, with process commercialization by OxaTech, Inc., a subsidiary of BPI. Figure 1. Representative OA process scheme and relationship to TMP line. OA Process Overview The OA process is incorporated into the mechanical pulping line in a manner similar to that of traditional chemical pretreatments. Figure 1 depicts the general components needed for the process and shows the relation to the existing components of a TMP line. Feed chips are intercepted after washing and screening. The process typically involves presteaming, impregnation, a reaction residence-time vessel, and deimpregnation. Yield loss is approximately 3−3.5% in the case of southern pine. Results of TMP refining testing at Andritz Southern yellow pine chips were treated with dilute OA solution for 10 minutes at 130°C. The treated chips were subsequently TMP-refined at Andritz to a series of freeness levels. Untreated chips from the same supply batch were refined analogously for comparison purposes. Energy requirements were determined and the pulp properties were analyzed. Table I presents the results for three-pass refining to 40 CSF. Table I. TMP refining results at 40 freeness. Untreated OA Process Treated


Purpose – Reserve Options Mechanism (ROM) is a new policy tool of Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (CBRT). In this study, it is aimed to examine the effect of the ROM on USD/TL exchange rate volatility. Design/methodology/approach – The effects of the ROM and the direct foreign exchange interventions and auctions of CBRT on the USD/TL exchange rate volatility are analyzed by applying GARCH (1,1) model and using the data for the period 09.30.2011-06.03.2016. Findings – It is found that the ROM significantly decreases the exchange rate volatility, which indicates the effectiveness of the ROM. The interventions of the CBRT also decrease the volatility but they do not play a significant role. Research limitations/implications – Although all available data for the ROM since the beginning of the mechanism are used, one of the limitations of the study is that the ROM and also the interventions of the CBRT are not the only explanatory variables for the USD/TL exchange rate volatility. However, the results imply that the ROM is an efficient policy tool and contributes to the financial stability. Originality/value – Since the ROM is introduced by CBRT recently, there are only a few empirical researches examining the effect of the ROM on exchange rate volatility. This study covers a longer and more recent time period than previous studies.


Charges in conjugated polymer materials have a strong impact on the photophysics and their interaction with the primary excited state species has to be taken into account in understanding device properties. Here, we employ single-molecule spectroscopy to unravel the influence of charges on several photoluminescence (PL) observables. The charges are injected either stochastically by a photochemical process or deterministically in a hole-injection sandwich device configuration. We find that upon charge injection, besides a blue-shift of the PL emission and a shortening of the PL lifetime due to quenching and blocking of the lowest-energy chromophores, the non-classical photon arrival time distribution of the multichromophoric chain is modified towards a more classical distribution. Surprisingly, the fidelity of photon antibunching deteriorates upon charging, whereas one would actually expect the opposite: the number of chromophores to be reduced. A qualitative model is presented to explain the observed PL changes. The results are of interest to developing a microscopic understanding of the intrinsic charge-exciton quenching interaction in devices.


A long tradition of macroeconomic analysis accords monetary policy only a transient role in driving real outcomes. At the same time, a large body of evidence highlights the long-lasting impact of boom-bust cycles. We present a model where monetary policy, through its impact on and reaction to the financial cycle, influences long-term economic trajectories. The core setup is an overlapping generations model featuring bank financing – the creation of bank loans and inside money – which is critical for production and consumption. Monetary policy attains the first-best allocation by sustaining an efficient flow of financing. We then introduce coordination-failure frictions among lenders, which give rise to an endogenous boom-bust cycle in bank financing and an intertemporal policy tradeoff. A forward-looking policymaker optimally leans against excessive risk-taking during the boom, trading off short-term activity with longer-term stability. An inordinate focus on short-term outcomes can lead to 'monetary policy hysteresis', where low interest rates increase the vulnerability to financial busts over successive cycles. As a result, low rates can beget lower rates. On my view, there is no unique long-period position of equilibrium equally valid regardless of the character of the policy of the monetary authority. On the contrary there are a number of such positions corresponding to different policies.


This paper compares ineasuremenK of / ' made using interferometer, absorption, reflectivity and deviation of a prism techniques at, or near, the /^-absorption edges of calcium, nickel, copper, the L2and /.3 absorption edges for gold, and the AT-absorption edge of uranium. It considers the effectiveness of the present scalar dermition ot/ ' and comments on recent attempts to give a tensor fonnahsm for f


It is desirable to maintain both high accuracy and runtime efficiency in lane detection. State-of-the-art methods mainly address the efficiency problem by direct compression of high-dimensional features. These methods usually suffer from information loss and cannot achieve satisfactory accuracy performance. To ensure the diversity of features and subsequently maintain information as much as possible, we introduce multi-frequency analysis into lane detection. Specifically, we propose a multi-spectral feature compressor (MSFC) based on two-dimensional (2D) discrete cosine transform (DCT) to compress features while preserving diversity information. We group features and associate each group with an individual frequency component, which incurs only 1/7 overhead of one-dimensional convolution operation but preserves more information. Moreover, to further enhance the discriminability of features, we design a multi-spectral lane feature aggregator (MSFA) based on one-dimensional (1D) DCT to aggregate features from each lane according to their corresponding frequency components. The proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods (including LaneATT and UFLD) on TuSimple, CULane, and LLAMAS benchmarks. For example, our method achieves 76.32% F1 at 237 FPS and 76.98% F1 at 164 FPS on CULane, which is 1.23% and 0.30% higher than LaneATT. Our code and models are available at https://github.com/harrylin-hyl/MSLD.


Service Level Agreements are always the key for the success of any sort of cloud service. Various SLA principles and factors play a pre-dominant factor. This chapter extends our cloud security model further provisioning of SLA where user satisfaction has been designated as a primary goal of SLA. Various cloud service SLA principles are studied and user feedback session based SLA mechanism is presented and using ―Cloudsim‖, certain user feedback sessions have been created and tested for the fulfillment desired SLA.


The current study was designed to evaluate the comparative effects of three selected chemicals such as emamectin (insecticide), acetochlor (herbicide) and topsin-M (fungicide) on haematology, biochemical profile and histopathology of grass carp (Ctenopharyngdon idella). A total of forty C. Idella was collected from fish farm Hattian Kamra and transported to the Chemistry lab of Government Post Graduate College Haripur in plastic bags containing dissolve oxygen. After acclimatization for a week they were randomly segregated in four groups (E0, E1, E2 and E3) and treated with 5ppb emamectin, acetochlor and topsin-M respectively. After 96hrs of chemical treatment, blood and tissue samples were collected from both control and treated groups for investigation of biochemical and histopathological alterations. Obtained results exhibited significant alteration in haematological parameters i.e. total white blood cells count, MCV, MCH and number of platelets significantly (p<0.05) increased while Red blood cells count, hemoglobin, PCV and MCHC significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the experimental groups E1, E2 and E3 as compared to control group. Significant (p<0.05) changes were observed in biochemical parameters i.e. increase in serum glucose, bilirubin, albumins, blood urea, uric acid, cholesterol, serum calcium, phosphorous, sodium, potassium, serum lipase, CKP, LDH and CK MB, while significant decrease in creatinine, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, serum iron, serum amylase, SGPT, alkalinity and Phosphate was observed. The observed Histopathological changes in gills include epithelial e-mail: email@example.com DOI: 10.15244/pjoes/142145 ONLINE PUBLICATION DATE:


The synthesis of 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazole from 2-nitro-2′-hydroxy-5′-methylazobenzene over Pd/γ-Al2O3 in a fixed-bed reactor was investigated. Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by two methods and characterized by XRD, TEM, H2-TPR, and N2 adsorption–desorption. Employed in the above reaction, the palladium catalyst impregnated in hydrochloric acid exhibited much better catalytic performance than that impregnated in ammonia–water, which was possibly attributed to the better dispersion of palladium crystals on γ-Al2O3. This result demonstrated that the preparation process of the catalyst was very important. Furthermore, the reaction parameters were optimized. Under the optimized conditions (toluene, NAB/triethylamine molar ratio 1:2, 60 °C, 2.5 MPa hydrogen pressure, 0.23 h–1 liquid hourly space velocity), about 90% yield of 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazole was obtained. Finally, the time on stream performance of the catalyst was evaluated, and the reaction could proceed effect...


The symposium presented issues involved in the development of scheduling systems that can deal with resource and time limitations. To qualify, a system must be implemented and tested to some degree on non-trivial problems (ideally, on real-world problems). However, a system need not be fully deployed to qualify. Systems that schedule actions in terms of metric time constraints typically represent and reason about an external numeric clock or calendar and can be contrasted with those systems that represent time purely symbolically. The following topics are discussed: integrating planning and scheduling; integrating symbolic goals and numerical utilities; managing uncertainty; incremental rescheduling; managing limited computation time; anytime scheduling and planning algorithms, systems; dependency analysis and schedule reuse; management of schedule and plan execution; and incorporation of discrete event techniques.


The fundamental limits of localization accuracy can be characterized by the information-theoretic bounds on position estimation. Tight bounds can be used not only as performance benchmarks for practical localization systems, but also criterion for assessing the effects of various sources of information (e.g., map awareness and ranging measurements) on localization performance, thus providing guidelines for the design and operation of localization systems. In this paper, we derive the Ziv-Zakai bound (ZZB) and Weiss-Weinstein bound (WWB) for map-aware cooperative localization, in which agents cooperate for position estimation with the aid of map information. The benefits from exploiting map awareness and agent cooperation are corroborated from both theoretical analysis and numerical examples, yielding important insights into how and when the map awareness can significantly improve the performance of cooperative localization.


PURPOSE Rituximab with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) represents the standard of care for first-line treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, many patients are unable to tolerate R-CHOP and have inferior outcomes. This study aimed to develop a practical tool to help physicians identify patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL unlikely to tolerate a full course of R-CHOP. METHODS We developed a predictive model (Tolerability of R-CHOP in Aggressive Lymphoma [TRAIL]) on the basis of a training data set from the phase III GOYA trial (obinutuzumab with CHOP v R-CHOP in 1L DLBCL) using a composite binary end point, identifying patients who prematurely stopped or required reductions of R-CHOP. Candidate predictive variables were selected on the basis of known baseline characteristics that contribute to patient frailty, comorbidity, and/or chemotherapy toxicity. TRAIL was developed using an iterative trial-and-error modeling process to fit a logistic regression model. The final model was evaluated for robustness using a GOYA holdout data set and the phase III MAIN (R-CHOP with or without bevacizumab in 1L DLBCL) R-CHOP-21 data set as external validation. RESULTS TRAIL includes four simple predictors available in the routine clinical setting: Charlson Comorbidity Index, presence of cardiovascular disease or diabetes, serum albumin, and creatinine clearance. Model generalization performance estimated by the area under the curve was around or above 0.70 across GOYA training, GOYA holdout, and MAIN data sets. Classifying patients into low-, intermediate- and high-risk categories, the proportion of patients experiencing a tolerability event was 3.3%, 12.4%, and 32.9%, respectively, in GOYA holdout, and 9.7%, 9.7%, and 34.2%, respectively, in MAIN. CONCLUSION TRAIL may be useful as a clinical decision support tool for treatment decisions in patients with DLBCL who may not tolerate standard chemoimmunotherapies. TRAIL - A simple model to predict R-CHOP toxicity was developed, the TRAIL score, consisting of the following routinely collected clinical labs and medical history


In this paper, we present a concept for a compact ultra-wideband multielement antenna (MEA) for massive MIMO indoor base stations. The antenna concept is based on the simultaneous excitation of different characteristic modes on each element of the MEA. This enables an effective 484 port antenna using only 121 physical antenna elements. Thereby, a size reduction of 54% compared to a generic MEA based on crossed dipoles is achieved. The antenna operates in the ultra-wide frequency band of 6-8.5 GHz with a reflection coefficient of sii <; -10 dB and the interelement and intraelement mutual coupling of the antenna ports is sji ≤ -20 dB.


ABSTRACT: This paper documents the history of the Rhode Island Fire Music Therapy Project. In February 2003, The Station nightclub caught on fire, killing 100 people and injuring over 200 people. The American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) and the New England Region of AMTA joined together to provide services to the survivors and loved ones of the fire. Despite repeated efforts, the project was unsuccessful at providing services to those affected by the fire. The reasons for the lack of success for the project are explored. The paper concludes with recommendations for action by the individual members of AMTA and AMTA leadership in order to provide music therapy services to individuals affected by disasters and traumas in the future. Introduction On a cold February morning in 2003, New England and the country awoke to the news that a popular nightclub in Warwick, Rhode Island, had caught on fire the previous night. Around 11 p.m. on February 20th, the band Great White started their act with the song "Desert Moon" at The Station nightclub (Eyewitness News, 2004). Over four hundred people had come to see Great White perform that evening. Within moments of the start of the display, the pyrotechnics ignited the sound proofing foam around the stage (Eyewitness News, 2004). The concertgoers rushed to the exits as the fire quickly spread. Within minutes, the entire building was burning. The fire claimed 100 lives, 96 at the scene (Eyewitness News, 2004). The victims included concertgoers and the guitarist from Great White. The fire injured over two hundred people; at least 164 people were hospitalized throughout New England (Eyewitness News, 2004). The Development of the Project On March 10, 2003, Andi Farbman, Executive Director of American Music Therapy Association (AMTA), contacted Michelle Glidden, President of the New England Region of AMTA (NER/AMTA). Farbman asked if there was interest and availability of music therapists in New England who could provide services to the victims and families of The Station fire. Officials from MusiCares Inc., a foundation of the National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences, had expressed interest in the possibility of providing funds for music therapy services. Farbman proposed a feasibility study of the local mental health agencies, hospitals treating the survivors, and other involved agencies. Glidden emailed the NER/AMTA board about her phone call with Farbman, asking for volunteers. Initially, six NER/AMTA music therapists volunteered: Heather Bloam-Wagner, Nichole Boucher, Mollie Caravello, Lisa Summer, Karen Wacks, and I. On March 24, 2003, a conference call was held with the volunteers from the NER/AMTA, Andi Farbman, and Tami Zavislan. First, the call started with a discussion of each volunteer's experience and expertise. Second, the discussion turned to the history of music therapy's response to disasters including the earthquake in Northridge, CA, the bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City, the school shootings in Littleton, CO, and San Diego, CA, and the 9/11 disaster in New York City. Third, the group agreed that a needs assessment needed to be conducted, which would include analysis of the current psychosocial services being offered and other factors that would influence how music therapy services could be involved in the relief efforts. I volunteered to become the coordinator of the project. Fourth, the group discussed the possibility of MusiCares' or another organization's monetary support of the needs assessment and the project. The conversation ended with the action plan of Farbman, Zavislan, and me developing an outline for the needs assessment. More people joined the project over the next few weeks, including Jodi Levine. In addition, Michelle Forinash was added to serve as a liaison with the Executive Board of AMTA. The Initial Funding Efforts Unfortunately, over the next few weeks, the funding for the project never materialized. …


This paper presents a new common grounded (CG) multilevel boost inverter (MI) topology for single-phase grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) applications. The proposed topology has the capability to fully eliminate the leakage currents in PV systems due to the using of the CG connection. Additionally, the proposed topology benefits the high boosting factor capability of the low PV voltage. The proposed topology represents a single stage power conversion system with reduced power components compared to the traditional two-stage PV power conversion systems. In addition, model predictive controller (MPC) is proposed in this paper to control the proposed topology. The proposed controller can control multiple objectives simultaneously without using cascaded controllers. The simulation results with the different case studies are provided. The results confirm the superiority of the proposed CG boost MI topology and the proposed MPC method. Furthermore, fast tracking of the grid active and reactive power demands is achieved using the proposed MPC method.


Poor solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients has been a significant and enduring issue in the industry, and it has become even more challenging following the adoption of high-throughput screening techniques in the mid-1990s. Nearly 90% of drug products approved since 1995 are estimated to have low solubility or poor permeability, and more than 40% of new chemical entities in discovery and development pipelines are estimated to have little or no water solubility. 1 Poor aqueous solubility of actives can be caused by a number of factors including high lipophilicity to strong intermolecular interactions of a target molecule. The goals for solubilization of an active can be multifactorial and are often determined based on the relative potency of the active itself, the desired dosage form, and treatment duration that is ultimately targeted or commercially reasonable. To overcome these solubility chal


In this study was investigated of possibility using the recorded micro tremor data on ground level as ambient vibration input excitation data for determination and application Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) for GFRP benchmark structure. As known OMA methods (such as FDD, EFDD, SSI-UPC/SSI-PC/SSI-CVA and so on) are supposed to deal with the ambient responses. For this purpose, analytical and experimental modal analysis of GFRP benchmark structure for modal properties was evaluated. 3D Finite element model of the building was evaluated SAP2000 for the GFRP benchmark structure based on the design drawing. Ambient excitation was provided from the recorded micro tremor ambient vibration data on ground level. Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition (EFDD) is used for the output only modal identification. From this study, very best correlation is found between mode shapes and frequencies. Natural frequencies and analytical frequencies in average (only) %1.24 are differences.


Euclidean volume ratios characterizing the typicality of entangled and separable states are investigated for two-qubit and qubit-qutrit quantum states. For this purpose a new numerical approach is developed. It is based on the Peres-Horodecki criterion, on a characterization of the convex set of quantum states by inequalities resulting from Newton identities and Descartes' rule of signs and on combining this characterization with standard and Multiphase Monte Carlo algorithms. Our approach confirms not only recent results on two-qubit states but also allows for a numerically reliable numerical treatment of so far unexplored special classes of two-qubit and qubit-qutrit states. However, our results also hint at the limits of efficiency of our numerical Monte Carlo approaches which is already marked by the most general qubit-qutrit states forming a convex set in a linear manifold of thirtyfive dimensions.


Abstract Objective We aimed to identify sociodemographic, lifestyle and behavioural determinants of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) among adults in Cambridgeshire, UK. Design Cross-sectional data were obtained from a cohort of 9991 adults born between 1950 and 1975. An FFQ was used to assess consumption of beverages and other dietary factors. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine potential determinants of consuming SSB and ASB (≥1 serving/d). Setting Recruitment from general practice surgeries to participate in the ongoing population-based Fenland Study. Subjects Adults (n 9991) aged 30–64 years from three areas of Cambridgeshire, UK. Results Prevalence estimates for daily SSB and ASB consumption were 20·4 % (n 2041) and 8·9 % (n 893), respectively. SSB consumption (OR; 95 % CI) was more common in men than women (1·33; CI 1·17, 1·50) and among those reporting lower income (<£20 000/year) than those reporting higher income (>£40 000/year; 1·31; 1·09, 1·58). In contrast, daily ASB consumption was more common among women than men (1·62; 1·34, 1·96), those on weight-loss diets than those who were not (2·58; 2·05, 3·24) and those reporting higher income than lower income (1·53; 1·16, 2·00). Factors associated with higher consumption of each of SSB and ASB included being a younger adult, being overweight/obese, having shorter education, eating meals or snack foods while watching television, and skipping breakfast (P<0·05 each). Conclusions Frequent consumers of SSB and ASB differ by several sociodemographic characteristics. However, increased BMI, younger age and unhealthy eating behaviours are common to both groups.


This study reveals a change in the growth cycle of metropolitan with analyzing the population of Seoul metropolitan area and identifies the characteristics of each urban area. For this, the exponential growth of the city, Roxy index, which in recent years been actively studied in Japan, has applied. As a result, the entire metropolitan area and central areas, and the southern region are about to move to the accelerating centralization phase. In the phase of suburbanization are highly likely to turn into the new phase of regression phase. In addition, the northern and eastern suburbs are currently in progress with the accelerating decentralization phase and are expected to be converted in the decelerating decentralization phase. Through this implication in Seoul metropolitan area, it is necessary to carry out the policy responses about regional maintenance by connecting to the changes in direction and speed of cycle phase of city. The results of this study can be used as basic data to determine the long-term future growth and decline of the metropolitan area.


In this paper, a multipurpose and scalable smart lighting control system for indoor environments developed and implemented for wireless sensors networks (WSNs). The main goal of the developed control system is to improve both security and user visual comfort. The Artificial intelligence of Neural Networks (NNs) are employed to model the system. The lighting system is modeled using the feedforward neural network. According to the desired lighting conditions (the maintained illuminance and illuminance uniformity), the luminaires dimming levels are determined. The user data is entered to the system via a touch panel and the user is warned by text messages and emails. The designed system is implemented in a real test environment and the experimental results show 98% accuracy in determination of the maintained illuminance and illuminance uniformity in the indoor test area.


With the purpose of improving the reliability of inductive power transfer (IPT) system, a three-coil hybrid IPT topology with improved tolerance to coupling variation and load-independent output is presented, which can ensure constant output of the system under the condition of load and coupling coefficient changing simultaneously. The topology adds two mode switches and an auxiliary compensation capacitor to the receiver side of the system to switch the series–series (SS) topology with constant current output feature and the series-inductor–capacitor–capacitor (S-LCC) topology with constant voltage output feature. Moreover, the transmitting coil adopts two coils in reverse series to improve the misalignment tolerance. The topology retains the merits of SS and S-LCC topology, such as soft-switching operation, decoupling between output and load, zero phase angle input, and the output features, that do not depend on the coupler parameters. Meanwhile, there is no need to build wireless communication between the receiver and the transmitter, which can simplify the control method. This article systematically describes the operating principle of the presented hybrid IPT charger, and the design ideas of compensation network parameters and coupler are also given. A 460-W experimental prototype is built to test the performance of the presented hybrid IPT charger.


The objective of this study was to find out about the desired and actual number of children the acceptors of terminal methods of contraception had. The site was the headquarter village of the primary health center, Dayalpur in Faridabad District, Haryana, India, part of the Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project. Out of 728 eligible couples, 236 were sterilized (142 tubectomies and 94 vasectomies). It was intended that all tubectomy patients and 50% of vasectomized men would be interviewed in their homes using a structured pretested questionnaire. Ultimately, 139 tubectomy and 42 vasectomy patients were successfully interviewed. The acceptors of terminal methods of contraception had an average of 4.27 children, whereas the average number of children desired was 2.74. There was a trend toward an increase in the average number of children after 1975 and a gradual decline after 1981. The reasons for having more children were fear (19.9%), indecision (16.0%), unfavorable attitude of others (12.2%), lack of knowledge (10.5%), and desire for a male child (9.9%). More than 90% of the sample wanted only 2 or 3 children. The average number of male and female children desired was 1.56 and 0.75, respectively, but in fact they had 2.46 male and 1.86 female children. All patients had 1 or more male children and 10% of them wanted to have more than 2 male children. About 30% wanted no female child and most of the rest wanted only 1 female child. The present population policy advocates the 2-child norm; however, the preference for male children may require the modification of this policy because a 1988 survey of 32,000 couples indicated that most of them wanted not only 3 or more children but also wanted 2 of them to be male.


This paper introduces Rm6240B/C computer collecting and disposing system of organic signal and its application to Human Anatomy and Physiology with illustrations from experiment.


We present an approximate Lie algebraic method to deal with a forced optomechanical Hamiltonian. We show that the approximations made in order to linearize the interaction Hamiltonian are fully justified by means of a comparison between a purely numerical calculation of the number of photons, phonons and linear entropy using the full Hamiltonian and the results obtained by means of our approximate time evolution operator.


With regard to system configuration, file structure and function, this study has compared and analyzed KITLAS developed by KIT Library and CD-ROM BiblioFile, which is selected among CD-ROM Catalog Production Products, the mass storage media, produced by the fast-growing laser technology and information technology. Furthurmore, this study illuminates how to improve the reliability of bibliographic database, implementing downloading and uploading processes which make possible the conversion and online, mass transmission of CD-ROM MARC records at once.


Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a polygenic and multifactorial complex disease, whose etiopathology is still unclear, however several genetic factors have shown to increase the risk of developing the disease. Purine nucleotides and nucleosides play an important role in the brain. Besides their role in neurotransmission and neuromodulation, they are involved in trophic factor release, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. These mediators may also have a pivotal role in the control of neurodegenerative processes associated with AD. In this report the distribution of the exonic G/A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) gene, resulting in the amino acid substitution serine to glycine at position 51 (G51S), was investigated in a large population of AD patients (n = 321) and non‐demented control (n = 208). The PNP polymorphism distribution was not different between patients and controls. The polymorphism distribution was also analyzed in AD patients stratified according to differential progressive rate of cognitive decline during a 2‐year follow‐up. An increased representation of the PNP AA genotype was observed in AD patients with fast cognitive deterioration in comparison with that from patients with slow deterioration rate. Our findings suggest that the G51S PNP polymorphism is associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline in AD patients, highlighting the important role of purine metabolism in the progression of this neurodegenerative disorder. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Purpose – The aim of this paper is to proposes a simple and unified method for generating the aliasing pattern of two‐ and three‐level fractional factorial designs be they regular or non‐regular. The paper also demonstrates how the aliasing patterns obtained using the postulated method can be used to render the main measures of aliasing severity.Design/methodology/approach – The proposed method is based on viewing the fractional factorial designs geometrically. It entails regarding the columns of any design as vectors. On the premise that any two vectors are orthogonal if they are at right angle and bearing in mind that aliasing is a form of departure from orthogonality, the proposed method determines the degree of aliasing between any two columns by assessing the extent to which the angle between them differs from 90°.Findings – Three examples were used to illustrate how the proposed method can be applied and to validate its results. The first dealt with a regular two‐level L8 25−2 design whereas the sec...


Part 1: recent trends in protection and assistance for IDPs, Roberta Cohen problems and opportunities of displacement, Jon Bennet internally displaced children - just scratching the surface, James Kunder comparative trends in forced displacement, 1964-1996, Susanne Schmeidl current issues in recent publications, Louise Ludlam-Taylor. Part 2 Regional profiles: west Africa central and east Africa Horn of Africa southern Africa Latin America and the Caribbean north-east Asia south Asia Central Asia Caucasus Middle East and north Africa Europe.


A novel frequency coordination control method is proposed for a PV-diesel hybrid isolated microgrid. In the proposed coordination control strategy, the photovoltaic system (PV) are adjusted by output power command based on the estimated load value to reduce the frequency deviation. Considering the load is also variable in the microgrid, the disturbance observer(DOB) is designed to estimate the variable load. In the simulation results, the proposed frequency control method can reduce the frequency deviation induced by the load changes and the hybrid renewable energy fluctuation. This method can reduce the energy storage device hardware investment in the process of large-scale microgrid construction.


Paphiopedilum fairrieanum, P. spicerianum, and P. venustum (Orchidaceae: Cypripedioideae) are reported to occur in Bhutan, of which the former is known to be Critically Endangered and the latter two are Endangered.  Based on numerous field trips conducted over the last decade, populations of P. fairrieanum and P. venustum were located in Bhutan.  No individual of P. spicerianum, however, was found despite many search attempts.  Its occurrence in Bhutan may have been originally erroneous.  Based on the accessibility of the habitats, six 10m × 10m quadrats were defined to enumerate the plant species found in the Paphiopedilum habitats.  Vegetation analyses and cluster dendrograms of the plant species composition indicated the presence of three forest types with distinct species compositions.  Paphiopedilum fairrieanum was found growing mainly as a lithophyte on seasonally dry limestone cliffs or on limestone outcrops with a comparatively open forest canopy.  These populations were mostly located on southwest- or northwest-facing slopes with soil pH ranging from 7.1 to 7.8.  Paphiopedilum venustum, in contrast, was a ground-dwelling species restricted to relatively dense forests with soil pH ranging from 7.1 to 7.5.


To evaluate the safety and efficacy of golimumab through 5 years in adults with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had not previously received methotrexate (MTX).


Acorrding to the composition of the electronical control system of high cannon and the structure and futures of the electronical control system's circuit,this paper presents the design of the automatic fault diagnosis system based on neural networks,the hardware composition of system,the software structure of system and some relative commands.It also presents the algorithm of fault diagnosis based on neural networks.


Beneficiation reagents exist in a great variety,with high toxicity and complex material structure,and it is difficult to be used by microorganisms quickly and efficiently.They can stay for a long time after they go into the environment.It is difficult to guarantee the organic flotation reagents in the water to discharge down into standard values and to be steady for a long time by physical and chemical methods.So,it is imperative to recycle the beneficiation wastewater and to achieve the drainage standard by biological methods.The Anaerobic-Aerobic reactor starts by using the method of gradually increasing the floating agent concentration and fixing the hydraulic retention time.The treatment efficiencies of COD and floating agent and the changes of biofacies are analyzed.The results show that during the biofilm formation and the domestication,the removal rate of COD is mainly concentrated in the aerobic reactor.Anaerobic reactor has also a certain removal effect,but far below that of an aerobic reactor.40 days after a reactor starts,the total removal rate of COD is stable at a level of 55% and the total removal rates of aniline aerofloat,diethyldithiocarbamate and butyl xanthate reach 92%,84% and 82%,the biofacies are steady and the biofilm is formed successfully.


PT.XX is an industrial manufacturing company engaged in the assembly of instrument clusters for motorcycles. Increased production capacity in 2015 PT.XX previously as many as 2500 units / day to 3,000 units / day impact on the increase in the number of materials that are stored in the warehouse. Problems that occur in the warehouse PT.XX is not able to accommodate the material to be produced, so that the placement of the material is done by not according to standard. Therefore it is necessary for the removal of material from the old warehouse to the new warehouse. In designing the layout for the new warehouse authors consider the following points, namely: Standart material storage, warehouse area calculation, the determination of the amount of material, the required number of pallets and pallet layout aims to maximize storage and easy retrieval of material. After relayout, warehouse capacity increased 31.7% from the previous, and storage of materials in accordance with company standards.


The suppression and modification of high-energy processes, like jets, in heavy-ion collisions provides an important window to access the degrees of freedom of this exotic material on different length scales. Despite increasingly precise and differential measurements of the properties of jets in heavy-ion collisions, however, it has remained challenging to use jets to make unambiguous and model-independent statements about the quark–gluon plasma. Here I will give a personal take on some origins of these challenges, including the difficulty of modelling and biases from jet selection that obfuscate the direct interpretation of jet modification measurements. I will discuss a few model studies that have helped to disentangle the source of non-intuitive effects in measurements, and finally highlight data-driven approaches as an interesting opportunity toward studying the quark–gluon plasma in a model-independent way.


Multistep water price has an important significance in improving the consciousness of saving water,water resource utilization and distribution efficiency.This paper analysis the problem that formulating the multistep water price should be considered from three aspects: residents of water price capacity,water supply cost and the social demand of water saving.This paper divides water into different steps,as different commodities,according to water consumption,the paper establishes the simulation model of the relationship between the multistep of water price and the water demand,to provide basis for multistep water price.We take Xiaoshan district,Hangzhou as an example,using established simulation model,simulate the effect of multistep water price implementation,and verify the operability of this model.


The purpose of the study is to clarify the source potential of the Ukrainian Diplomatic Archive for studying the specifics of the activities of the Japanese Consulate in Odesa in the interwar period. The research methodology is based on the principles of scientificity, historicism, systematicity and general scientific and special scientific methods, in particular archival heuristics and source criticism. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the reconstruction of the Ukrainian component of the source base of the activity of the Japanese consulate in Odesa in the interwar period. Conclusions: The main array of documents related to the activities of the Japanese consular institution in Odesa in the interwar period was not preserved in Ukrainian archives. At that time, Ukraine was part of the USSR, was deprived of the right to engage in foreign policy activities and interacted with foreign missions within the framework of all-Union instructions. Soviet special services also supervised foreign missions. The Branch State Archive of the Security Service of Ukraine holds a relevant documentary complex, which includes three thematic groups: reports on the results of supervising the heads of the Consulate of Japan in Odesa; reports on the results of supervising consulate staff; copies of intercepted consul reports on the economic and social policy of the USSR, the state of industry and agriculture. The source base for the study of the activities of the Japanese Consulate in Odesa is wider than the documents of the special services and is part of the Ukrainian Diplomatic Archive in the segment of Ukrainian-Japanese relations. Despite the fact that the activity of the consulate can be considered only as a diplomatic presence of Japan on the territory of the Ukrainian SSR, documentary information indicates direct contacts of Japanese diplomats with Ukrainian state bodies, plans to start trade relations with the Ukrainian SSR, etc. Documents on this topic are also in the Central State Archive of Supreme Authorities of Ukraine, state archives of Odesa and Mykolaiv regions. The creation of the Diplomatic e-archive will help expand access to documents about the activities of foreign missions in Ukraine and Ukrainian-Japanese relations


Background: Thirty-one cases of fever with rash were reported among students of a college in Pune, India, from March to May 2014. The clinical profile was similar to that of measles and 7 of them tested positive for measles-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM). An outbreak of measles was declared, and epidemiological investigation was carried out to assess the situation and suggest preventive measures. Methods: An epidemiological case sheet filled for each case to identify the source and likely contacts. Medical and administrative authorities were sensitized about the increase in incidence and clustering of cases. A surveillance system was set up for detection of new cases and follow-up of contacts. Throat swabs and blood samples from 12 cases were tested by ELISA method for commonly occurring viral exanthematous fevers to confirm the diagnosis and 7 were positive for measles-specific IgM antibody. Preventive measures were advised to control the outbreak. Results: A total of 31 cases of fever with rashes were reported among students of a college in Pune, India, during the months of March–May 2014. Most of the students were in the age group of 18–24 years. Samples from 12 cases were sent for testing and 7 tested positive for measles-specific IgM antibodies. Seven cases were epidemiologically linked to a lab-confirmed case. All cases had fever, maculopapular rash, and sore throat and gave a history of vaccination for measles in childhood. Conclusion: An epidemiological investigation was carried out for outbreak of measles in a young adult population of college students from Pune. It is reported that, with increase in overall coverage of vaccination, there is a rise in incidence of measles in vaccinated individuals. The age profile also shifts to higher age groups. Investigation of such outbreaks provides an opportunity to identify high-risk groups, changes in measles epidemiology and weaknesses in the routine immunization programs.


We prove Bourgain's Return Times Theorem for a range of exponents $p$ and $q$ that are outside the duality range. An oscillation result is used to prove hitherto unknown almost everywhere convergence for the signed average analog of Bourgain's averages. As an immediate corollary we obtain a Wiener-Wintner type of result for the ergodic Hilbert series.


Abstract Intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) susceptibility of irradiated, thermally sensitized type 304 (UNS S30400) stainless steels (SS) was studied as a function of neutron fluence and correlated with mechanical responses of the materials. Neutron irradiation was carried out to neutron fluences up to 5.4 × 1023 n/m2 (E > 1 MeV) at 290°C and to 1.1 × 1024 n/m2 (E > 1 MeV) at 340°C in the Japan Material Test Reactor. Irradiated specimens were examined by slow strain rate tensile testing (SSRT) in 290°C pure water of 0.2 ppm dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, by SSRT at 290°C in argon gas, and by microhardness measurements. IGSCC susceptibility increased with neutron fluences up to 1.1 × 1024 n/m2 regardless of irradiation temperatures. The 0.2% proof stress (PS) and the grain-boundary (GBHV) and grain-center microhardness (GCHV) increased. The uniform elongation (UE) decreased with neutron fluences up to 5.4 × 1023 n/m2, but 0.2% PS and GBHV and GCHV decreased, and UE increased at 1.1 × 10...