Motion along joints and fractures in the rock has been proposed as one of the sources of near-source shear wave generation, and demonstrating the validity of this hypothesis is a focal scientific objective of the source physics experimental campaign in the Climax Stock granitic outcrop. A modeling effort has been undertaken by LLNL to complement the experimental campaign, and over the long term provide a validated computation capability for the nuclear explosion monitoring community. The approach involves performing the near-field nonlinear modeling with hydrodynamic codes (e.g., GEODYN, GEODYN-L), and the far-field seismic propagation with an elastic wave propagation code (e.g., WPP). the codes will be coupled together to provide a comprehensive source-to-sensor modeling capability. The technical approach involves pre-test predictions of each of the SPE experiments using their state of the art modeling capabilities, followed by code improvements to alleviate deficiencies identified in the pre-test predictions. This spiral development cycle wherein simulations are used to guide experimental design and the data from the experiment used to improve the models is the most effective approach to enable a transition from the descriptive phenomenological models in current use to the predictive, hybrid physics models needed for a science-based modeling capability for nuclear explosion monitoring. The objective of this report is to describe initial results of non-linear motion predictions of the first two SPE shots in the Climax Stock: a 220-lb shot at a depth of 180 ft (SPE No.1), and a 2570-lb shot at a depth of 150 ft (SPE No.2). The simulations were performed using the LLNL ensemble granite model, a model developed to match velocity and displacement attenuation from HARDHAT, PILE DRIVER, and SHOAL, as well as Russian and French nuclear test data in granitic rocks. This model represents the state of the art modeling capabilities as they existed when the SPE campaign was launched in 2010, and the simulation results presented here will establish a baseline that will be used for gauging progress as planned modeling improvements are implemented during the remainder of the SPE program. The initial simulations were performed under 2D axisymmetric conditions assuming the geologic medium to be a homogeneous half space. However, logging data obtained from the emplacement hole reveal two major faults that intersect the borehole at two different depth intervals (NSTec report, 2011) and four major joint sets. To evaluate the effect of these discrete structures on the wave forms generated they have performed 2D and 3D analysis with a Lagrangian hydrocode, GEODYN-L that shares the same material models with GEODYN but can explicitly take joints and fault into consideration. They discuss results obtained using these two different approaches in this report.


Analysis of partner turnover rate and the lifetime number of sexual partners in Cape Town using generalized linear models Christianah O. Olojede Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa. Thesis: MSc. (Mathematical Statistics) June 2017 A large number of analyses have been carried out to investigate how sexually active people contracted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by using common indicators like the number of new sexual partners in a given year and the lifetime number of partners. In this study, the objective is to show that these are not always good indicators because what people report for these two indicators is not accurate nor consistent using generalized linear models such as Poisson and the negative binomial regression models. Generalized linear models are the types of models that allows for the distribution of the response variable to be non-normal. A cross-sectional, sexual behavioural survey was conducted in communities with a high prevalence of HIV in Cape Town, South Africa, in 2011 – 2012. We examined the effects of age and gender on the rate at which sexual partnerships are formed, using count data regression models. The age range of respondents was 16-40 years. The highest number of new sexual relationships formed in a year preceding the survey was 11 and the highest lifetime number of sexual partners was 15. A generalized linear regression model was used to examine the consistency between the reported number of new sexual partners formed in a year preceding the survey and the reported lifetime number of partners. We also assessed the predictive power of these two indicators for the respondent's HIV status. We found that these indicators are not consistent, and we conclude that they are not good indicators for predicting HIV status. ii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za


This article discusses the possibility of exploiting the statistics of word co-occurrence in text for purposes of document retrieval. Co-occurrence is defined and related to the mental processes of authors and readers; several means of quantitative measurement of word co-occurrence are then scrutinized. It is shown that the most strongly co-occurring word pairs, which are therefore "associated" in a statistical sense, can be represented in the form of an "association map." The last half of the article presents two modes of use of association maps in literature searching.


Abstract How does pedagogy differ from instruction? The paper discusses the differences between instruction and pedagogy in light of curriculum negotiation. Dewey's discussion of the instruction/pedagogy distinction, Eisner's notion of pedagogical adaptation as the artistry of teaching, and Pinar's notion of curriculum and study (instead of curriculum and pedagogy) inform this essay. Pedagogy involves the organic relation between curriculum and teaching, and it entails study-based, socially just, and ethically sound practices resulting from negotiations among the teacher, students, and others.


The enlightened generosity of certain anonymous Japanese gentlemen has given to the author of the Ku Chou P'ien the power to publish the outcome of some thirty-five years' researches on the ancient writing of China in the splendid form in which it now appears. As a scholar thus allowed to see such a result in his own lifetime, Mr. Tadasuke Tanata should he a happy man.


181Background: To evaluate whether metformin (Met) a widely-used, nontoxic oral antidiabetic drug with putative anticancer properties leads to improvements in prostate cancer (PC) outcomes in the CHAARTED trial. Methods: In the CHAARTED database where metformin use at baseline was recorded prospectively, we identified patients with metastatic PC who underwent either ADT alone or ADT and docetaxel (D) chemotherapy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the effect of Metformin on outcomes. Results: A total of 788 patients (median age, 63 y) had complete data after randomization. Comparison of ADT+D+Met (n = 39) to ADT+D (n = 357) and ADT+Met (n = 29) to ADT alone (n = 363) revealed similar clinicopathologic characteristics. Cause of death was PC in 13(81%) of ADT+D+Met, 72(85%) ADT+D, 9(82%) ADT+Met and 105(84%) ADT alone groups. See table for PC outcomes and overall survival by metformin use. Cox regression analysis for overall survival stratified by stratification factors at randomization...


What do users do when information seeking ? How should the search interface be designed to assist them ? We examine some models in information science and cognitive psychology. We analyze the validity of the models. An experiment conducted with experts and novices illustrates the ability of planning and constraints concepts to explain the search processes that users implement. System design orientations corresponding to each model are presented. A thesaurus, a classification, a semantic net is a conceptual layer. Getting it to be displayed and navigated should facilitate both planning and taking account of constraints. It could also better articulate the top down and bottom up search processes. Two experimental studies are exposed. Consecutively to their interesting and ambiguous results, some research topics are suggested.


Objective: To compare rates of major congenital malformations (MCM) and ventricular septal defects (VSD) within the UCB AED Pregnancy Registry (UCB Registry) to rates from other sources. Background The UCB Registry is a study designed to monitor pregnant women exposed primarily to levetiracetam (Keppra®) and their offspring. Design/Methods: MCM and VSD rates were calculated from the UCB Registry (interim data from 2004 through February 2011) and compared to published rates from a general population surveillance system (MACDP) and epilepsy patient registries: EURAP, UK registry, and NAAED. Results: MCM rates among levetiracetam monotherapy exposures were 7.7% (UCB Registry), 1.6% (EURAP), 2.1% (NAAED) and 0% (UK registry). An overall MCM rate for other AED monotherapies of 5.5% was reported by EURAP. MCM rates for individual monotherapy exposures in the first trimester were reported by NAAED: 9.5% valproate, 5.6% phenobarbital, 3.4% topiramate, 3.0% phenytoin, 2.9% carbamazepine, and 1.9% lamotrigine. MCM rates among levetiracetam polytherapy exposures were 12.5% (UCB Registry), 6.9% (EURAP), and 3.3% (UK). EURAP reported an overall MCM rate for other AED polytherapies of 9.2%. In an independent review of 59 published studies (Meador et al, Neurology 2008;71:1109-1117), the MCM rate was 7.1% in epilepsy patients and 2.3% in healthy women. The MACDP MCM rate was 2.8% and the VSD rate was 0.4%. VSD rates in the UCB Registry ranged from 0.8%–1.2% (n=5). Among epilepsy registries, VSD data was only available from EURAP in which one VSD was identified. Conclusions: Among the various registries, differences in observed MCM and VSD rates, as well as differences in the presence and impact of concomitant medications with a higher risk of birth defects, might be attributed to variations in study design. When an internal comparator was available, the rates of MCM and VSD were no greater in levetiracetam-exposed patients than in those treated with other AEDs. Supported by: UCB Pharma. Disclosure: Dr. Montouris has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma, Eisai, Lundbeck, Meridian, and Sunovion. Dr. Montouris has received person compensation in an editorial capacity for Epilepsia. Dr. Harden has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma, Pfizer, and GlaxoSmithKline as a speaker. Dr. Harden has received research support from Forest Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Albano has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma. Dr. Leppik has received personal compensation for activities with Caremark R11 and UCB Pharma, Inc. as a consultantDr. Leppik has received research support from UCB Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Miller has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma as an employee.


Abstract An experimental apparatus has been developed by means of which it is possible to measure with a high degree of precision the heats of vulcanization of rubber mixtures containing even very low percentages of sulfur, at temperatures as low as 110° C. Studies of vulcanization on a strictly thermochemical basis now appear both practicable and promising. An evolution of heat of vulcanization is accompanied by an improvement in the mechanical properties of a rubber mixture. The quantity of heat evolved does not seem to be a linear function of the percentage of combined sulfur, at least for low percentages.


Developments in therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have allowed the endoscopic creation of gastrointestinal anastomoses for gastric outlet obstruction [1, 2]. However, this approach is rarely performed for the lower gastrointestinal tract because of the technical challenge of EUS-guided colocolostomy. Herein, we describe EUS-guided colocolostomy in a patient with malignant obstruction affecting a long segment of the transverse colon after failure of enteral stenting. A 54-year-old woman with metastatic gastric cancer developed vomiting and abdominal distension 12 months after a Billroth II gastrectomy. Abdominal computed tomography demonstrated a long segment of stenosis affecting the transverse colon near the hepatic flexure with luminal dilatation and effusion in the ascending colon proximal to the lesion (▶Fig. 1). Colonoscopy revealed severe stricturing of the transverse colon (▶Fig. 2 a). A guidewire was passed through the stricture; however, colonic enteral stenting was unsuccessful. A nasobiliary catheter was placed across the stricture and a linear echoendoscope (GF-UCT260; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) was advanced into the descending–sigmoid colon flexure. Saline solution was instilled to facilitate puncture under EUS guidance from the descending–sigmoid junction (▶Fig. 2b). The dilated lumen was punctured with a 19-gauge FNA needle followed by a 5-Fr cystoenterostomy needle knife (Cook Medical, Indiana, USA), which provided sufficient force to create a bypass across the long obstructing segment (▶Video 1). A 16×15-mm electrocautery lumen-apposing metal stent (Axios-EC, Boston Scientific, USA) was then advanced into the hepatic flexure to form a colocolostomy (▶Fig. 2 c, d). Gastrointestinal radiography with contrast after the procedure demonstrated an unobstructed enteroenteral bypass. The patient was provided a liquid diet from postoperative day 1 and reported multiple subsequent bowel movements. A semiliquid diet was maintained until follow-up at 4 months after the procedure. EUS-guided colocolostomy represents a novel endoscopic method of managing colonic obstruction. This approach allows aggressive endoscopic interventions in patients where colonic enteral stenting has failed. E-Videos


The availability of accurate and timely information on timber volume is important for supporting operational forest management. One option is to combine statistical concepts (e.g., small area estimates) with specifically designed terrestrial sampling strategies to provide estimations also on the level of administrative units such as forest districts. This may suffice for economic assessments, but still fails to provide spatially explicit information on the distribution of timber volume within these management units. This type of information, however, is needed for decision-makers to design and implement appropriate management operations. The German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate is currently implementing an object-oriented database that will also allow the direct integration of Earth observation data products. This work analyzes the suitability of forthcoming multi- and hyperspectral satellite imaging systems for producing local distribution maps for timber volume of Norway spruce, one of the most economically important tree species. In combination with site-specific inventory data, fully processed hyperspectral data sets (HyMap) were used to simulate datasets of the forthcoming EnMAP and Sentinel-2 systems to establish adequate models for estimating timber volume maps. The analysis included PLS regression and the k-NN method. Root Mean Square Errors between 21.6% and 26.5% were obtained, where k-NN performed slightly better than PLSR. It was concluded that the datasets of both simulated sensor systems fulfill accuracy requirements to support local forest management operations and could be used in synergy. Sentinel-2 can provide meaningful volume distribution maps in higher geometric resolution, while EnMAP, due to its hyperspectral coverage, can contribute complementary information, e.g., on biophysical conditions.


This paper analyzes on the reasons of the seamless line track buckling and the premonitions before buckling, and advances some measures for preventing the track buckling and the treating methods adopted after the track buckling appears.


The material parameters to express the degree of discontinuity of hydraulic gradient in the developed model (Part I) are calibrated based on the sensible analysis of the experimental results, and then the applicability of the calibrated parameters is discussed. As a result, the material parameters are calibrated by the sensible analysis, and then its relevancy can be confined by another experiment. Moreover, it can be seen that the normalized permeability of concrete as a nonhomogeneous material by the initial permeability (homogeneous material) can be regressed with three straight lines in the crack width axis with the logarithm. Then the intersection point at the crack width axis shows the critical width at which leakage will not occur. The intersection point at the last two straight lines shows the critical Reynolds number at which flow becomes laminar to turbulent according to the experimental result.


1. Bushing chamber sporting pistol or rifle, belonging to the type of plugs having a tubular configuration, comprising a connecting duct to the inlet (2) and an outlet (4), characterized in that said connecting channel (8) is calibrated by deformation to a predetermined value depending on the output power vintovki.2 or sports pistol. Bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that the calibration comprises any deformation or compression of the connecting hole (8) or the outlet (4) or the inlet (2) or their sochetaniya.3. Bushing according to claim 2, characterized in that said sleeve (1) comprises a connecting channel (8) between the chamber (3) and compression of the outer part defining the deformed compressed outlet (4), wherein the diameter of said outlet opening (4) smaller than the diameter the connecting hole (8) .4. Bushing according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the outlet (4) comprises a cavity (9), which is partially placed centering element (7) .5. Sleeve fabrication process chamber sporting pistol or rifle relating to bushings type having a tubular configuration and comprising a connecting channel with an inlet (2) and an outlet (4), characterized in that (8), said connecting channel is calibrated by deformation to a predetermined predetermined value depending on the output power vintovki.6 or sports pistol. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the calibration comprises any deformation or compression of the connecting hole (8) or the outlet (4) or the inlet (2) or their sochetaniya.7. A method according to any one of claims 5 or 6, wherein


The late asthmatic response to bronchial allergen challenge and the associated increase in nonspecific bronchial reactivity provides a model for studying the acute inflammatory mechanisms in asthmatic airways. In 12 asthmatic patients (aged 22–37 years) with known dual reaction to allergen challenge, salmeterol 50 μg, 100 μg, or placebo was administered as a single dose 10 min before allergen challenge in a double‐blind, randomized order on three different study days 2 weeks apart. The bronchial reactivity (BH) to histamine was measured the day before and 24 and 48 h after allergen challenge. Salmeterol significantly inhibited the early (P<0.02) and the late (P<0.05) asthmatic reactions. After placebo, mean BH was significantly increased above base line at 24 and 48 h (P<0.02). After 50 and 100 μg salmeterol, BH was less than base line at 24 h and returned to prechallenge values at 48 h. Blood eosinophils increased significantly (P<0.05) 24 and 48 h after allergen challenge, and no difference was found between treatments. After pretreatment with placebo, serum eosinophil cationic protein (s‐ECP) and serum eosinophil protein X (s‐EPX) increased significantly (P<0.05) 24 and 48 h after allergen challenge. After treatment with salmeterol 50 μg, s‐EPX, but not s‐ECP, increased significantly 24 h after challenge, but was normal at 48 h. After salmeterol 100 μg, no change in s‐EPX or s‐ECP was found. The results showed that salmeterol eliminated the allergen‐induced dual asthmatic reaction and gave protection against increased BH. Measurement of blood eosinophils, s‐ECP, and s‐EPX indicated that salmeterol may modify this inflammatory cell activity, because raised s‐levels of ECP and EPX may be linked to eosinophil activation and granule secretion. In addition to inducing a long‐lasting bronchodilation, salmeterol may influence acute inflammation.


With the constant development of smaller, lighter, and more efficient electronic circuits; research efforts focus on develop new circuits and structures with a variety of new materials that could be use with or in place of traditional semiconductors such as silicon. The present project designed a model of a simplified electrolyte-gated field effect transistor to explore to what extent electrolyte solutions are capable to induce carriers in a semiconductor substrate affecting the overall conduction properties of the device, as function of the gate voltage applied and the electrolyte concentration. This project first characterized the device following a sample preparation method particularly easy; using silicon as the semiconductor, titanium wires as drain and source contacts, potassium chloride (KCl) as the electrolyte-gate and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode. The model successfully conducted electric current with possible large saturation currents and relatively high gate voltages (5V) where the electrolyte remained stable. Gate bias modulation proved to reduce the device resistance up to 90 Ω in the best case scenario. Similarly, it recorded a uniform increment of induced carriers in the order of 1 × 107 /cm3 and 3 × 108 /cm3as gate voltages increases. Finally, carrier mobility values were computed with results up to 3.48 ± 1.54 cm2/V s.


ABSTRACT The aim was to explore transformations of religiosity experienced by Danish Pentecostals following a crisis and religiously integrated group psychotherapy. The study included semistructured interviews with 18 participants. The qualitative method of interpretative phenomenological analysis was applied for generating and analyzing the data-material. The findings suggested that all participants encountered a secondary religious transformation following the personal crisis or religiously integrated group psychotherapy. From a religious development perspective, however, the transformations following the crisis could not all be considered mentally healthy although the religious transformations facilitated by the group therapy were mentally healthy from both developmental and meaning system perspectives.


The compound represented by the structural formula (I) are disclosed: Ring A is a substituted or unsubstituted, fused to optionally aryl group. Z Or -NR R X is a covalent R R


Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the fast-growing technology paradigms used in every sectors, where in the Quality of Service (QoS) is a critical component in such systems and usage perspective with respect to ProSumers (producer and consumers). Most of the recent research works on QoS in IoT have used Machine Learning (ML) techniques as one of the computing methods for improved performance and solutions. The adoption of Machine Learning and its methodologies have become a common trend and need in every technologies and domain areas, such as open source frameworks, task specific algorithms and using AI and ML techniques. In this work we propose an ML based prediction model for resource optimization in the IoT environment for QoS provisioning. The proposed methodology is implemented by using a multi-layer neural network (MNN) for Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) learning in layered IoT environment. Here the model considers the resources like bandwidth and energy as QoS parameters and provides the required QoS by efficient utilization of the resources in the IoT environment. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated in a real field implementation by considering a civil construction project, where in the real data is collected by using video sensors and mobile devices as edge nodes. Performance of the prediction model is observed that there is an improved bandwidth and energy utilization in turn providing the required QoS in the IoT environment.


Yasuo Omata Department of Internal Medicine, Branch Hospital, University of Tokyo. (Prof. Hideo Sakamoto) In performing the so-called Waaler-Rose test in rheumatoid arthritis, humon O erythrocytes sensitized with the rabbit anti-human O cell amboceptor were used and some clinical evaluations of this modified test were investigated. 69% of 39 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, 2.6% of 154 cases of other deseases and none of 11 cases of healthy persons showed positiv results. This modified method is considered to be well available in clinical use, although sheep red cells sensitized with the rabbit anti-sheep cell amboceptor have been almost always used in the Waaler Rose test.


Australia has reflected an international shift toward public participation in governance and science. Researchers have critiqued this shift as insufficient. Meanwhile, studies of how research funds are allocated also found room for improvement. This experiment tested a way to add value to the effort researchers put into research proposals by using them for deliberative public engagement. Three Australian events tested a model of deliberative participation in decision-making about science funding. These events were shorter than most deliberative processes, based on a model tested in the United Kingdom. Although recruitment was aimed at broad representation, participants had more formal education than Australia's average. Voting decisions were most influenced by potential benefits to society of the planned research, as well as participants' understanding of plans presented. Some reported that their decisions were influenced by whether benefits would happen locally. Results suggested that participants' voting decisions were more influenced by the research plans than who presented them. However, unconscious biases cannot be ruled out as factors in decision-making. Participants reported they would be keen to participate in such a process again; however, this enthusiasm was linked to a meal incentive. The impact of brevity on deliberative decision-making is discussed, along with potential modifications for future experiments.


With the development of VoIP technology in recent years,SIP soft phone has been gradually applied on wireless Mobile devices(PDA,Mobile phone,etc.).Windows Mobile 5.0 is the more popular Mobile device operating system at present.For the realization of audio-video calling function on the Windows Mobile 5.0 by using Internet technology,this paper completes the construction of SIP soft phone model and realizes its audio-video calling,which is based on SIP protocol,DirectShow technology and Windows Mobile 5.0 ensures the software have the advantages such as stable message,less delay,clear voice and fluent image.


Storage space required by an application is one of the problems on smartphones. This problem can result in a waste of storage space because not all smartphones have a very large storage capacity. One application that has a large file size is the RPUL application and this application is widely accessed by students and the general public. Large file size is what often causes this application can not run effectively on smartphones. One solution that can be used to solve this problem is to compress the application file, so that the size of the storage space needed in the smartphone is much smaller. This study describes how the application of the elias gamma code algorithm as one of the compression technique algorithms to compress the RPUL application database file. This is done so that the RPUL application can run effectively on a smartphone after it is installed. Based on trials conducted on 64 bit of text as samples in this research it was found that compression based on the elias gamma code algorithm is able to compress text from a database file with a ratio of compression is 2 bits, compression ratio is 50% with a redundancy is 50% . Keywords : Compression, RPUL, Smartphone, Elias Gamma Code


Abstract Reaction of N,N'-diphenyl-1,3-benzene-bis-carbohydrazonoyl bromide 3 with potassium thiocyanate, potassium selenocyanate, active methylene compounds and dipolarophilic alkenes were studied. Structures of the products were established on analytical and spectral data as well as chemical transformations. The results indicated that compound 3 is useful precursor for synthesis of a wide variety of 1,3-phenylene-bis-heterocycles.


In the context of general relativity, both energy and linear momentum constraints lead to the same equation for the evolution of the speed of free localized particles with fixed proper mass and structure in a homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lemaˆıtre-Robertson-Walker universe. In this paper we extend this result by considering the dynamics of particles and fluids in the context of theories of gravity nonminimally coupled to matter. We show that the equation for the evolution of the linear momentum of the particles may be obtained irrespective of any prior assumptions regarding the form of the on-shell Lagrangian of the matter fields. We also find that consistency between the evolution of the energy and linear momentum of the particles requires that their volume-averaged on-shell Lagrangian and energy-momentum tensor trace coincide ( L on − shell = T ). We further demonstrate that the same applies to an ideal gas composed of many such particles. This result implies that the two most common assumptions in the literature for the on-shell Lagrangian of a perfect fluid ( L on − shell = P and L on − shell = − ρ , where ρ and P are the proper density and pressure of the fluid, respectively) do not apply to an ideal gas, except in the case of dust (in which case T = − ρ ).


A new corticolous species belonging to the lichen family Pertusariaceae, Pertusaria grassiae Messuti & A.W. Archer, is described from Tucumán Province, Argentina. It is characterized by disciform apothecia covered by a white to greyish white pruina, single-spored asci, ellipsoid and double-walled ascospores and the presence of atranorin.


Packaging laminate (10) for a packaging container for a fermented liquid milk product, such as soured milk, yogurt and cream fraiche are provided. The packaging laminate (10) has a paper layer (11), and outer liquid-tight layers (12,13) on both sides of the paper layer (11). One of the outer layers (13) of the packaging laminate (10) has a whey protein surface coating (14).


This paper presents new integrated approach to the control design of SISO systems with constrained input. It is based on generalisation of two well approved control concepts - of the minimum time control [1,2,7,9] and of the linear pole assignment control [3] - and is applicable both to the systems with Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) as well as Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).


With the booming development in aerospace technology, the video satellite which observes the live phenomena on the ground by video shooting has gradually emerged as a new Earth observation method. And remote sensing comes into a "dynamic" era with the demand for new processing techniques, especially the near-real-time tracking and geo-positioning algorithm for ground moving targets. However, many researchers merely extract pixel-level trajectories in post-processed video products, resulting in fairly limited applications. We regard the video satellite as a robot flying in space and adopt the SLAM framework for the positioning of ground moving targets. The designed framework is based on the representative ORB-SLAM and we make improvements mainly in feature extraction, satellite pose estimation, moving target tracking and positioning. We coordinate a moving fishing boat with GPS-RTK (Real-time Kinematic) devices and a video satellite observing it simultaneously for verification and evaluation of our method. Experiments demonstrate that our framework provides reasonable geolocation of the moving target in satellite videos. Finally, some open problems and potential research directions are discussed.


Syn-and anti-isomers of 7-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-cephalosporins were synthesized selectively. These new cephalosporins exhibited excellent activities against a wide variety of bacteria including those which are resistant to β-lactamase susceptible cephalosporins currently available. The syn-isomers showed higher activities than the anti-isomers.


The Towboat Maneuvering Simulator consists of a mathematical description of the hydrodynamic response of an integrated river tow embodied in a computer program running continuously on a computer, with a control console and other graphic and hard copy devices attached for input and output. It is thus a real time, interactive simulator, constantly responding to console commands and immediately updating the console displays. This volume describes the use of the simulator, provides a block diagram of the program flow, and presents sample input and output. (Author)


High-speed, 1,600 Hz, visible imagery of the blast wave from 147 firings of a 152 mm howitzer were observed for three different propellant charges. Blast wave trajectories were determined at 0.5–13 m from the muzzle exit, yielding initial velocities of Mach 3–4 that decayed to near acoustic within the imager field of view. A piecewise treatment of the Taylor-Sedov point blast model was sufficient to describe the trajectories with an average error of 0.1 m. The trajectories were consistent with a three-dimensional expansion and constant rate of energy release. A Constant Breech Pressure gun model was used to estimate total energy of the muzzle flow, and the efficiency of depositing energy into the blast wave was 18–24 %. Plume temperatures of approximately 980–1,210 K were estimated by partitioning energy and were correlated with likelihood of plume combustion. Classification of charge type based on energy deposition rate was modest, characterized by a ratio of between-class to within-class variance of 1.3, for the very similar events.


The utility model discloses a speed change member used in an electric motor tool, comprising a driving component and a transmission device, wherein, the transmission device comprises a fork and a guide component, the fork is arranged at the guide component and can be moved in a straight-line direction, the transmission device also comprises an intermediate component and an elastic component, the driving component drives the intermediate component to move, the elastic component is arranged between the intermediate component and the fork, and the elastic component can storage potential energy and release instantly. The structure is easy for speed change and convenient for operation, and can be operated only by a single hand.


For the purpose of improving the operating efficiency in the plate bending by line heating, the invention provides a steel plate which exhibits large bending deformation even under the conditions of enhanced heating rate and shortened heating time and a process for production of the plate. The steel plate has both a chemical composition which contains by mass C:0.01 to 0.08%, P: <=0.05%, S: <=0.05%, Al: 0.002 to 0.1%, and N: 0.001 to 0.008% with the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities and a microstructure which comprises a non-deformed ferrite phase at an area fraction of 90% or above and in which the mean grain diameter of theferrite phase is 15 to 45mum and cementite particles having circle-equivalent diameters of 0.5mum or below are present in the ferrite grains at a number density of 100000 particles/mm2 or above. Further, the plate exhibits a yield strength of 235MPa or above at room temperature, a yield strength of 180MPa or below at 400‹C, and an average Charpy absorbed energy of 100J or above at 0‹C. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009


In this paper we explore the Vs‐optimality criterion that was proposed in Ginsburg and Ben‐Gal (IIE Trans. 2006; 38:445–461) as a new design‐of‐experiment (DOE) alphabetic optimality criterion. The Vs‐optimality criterion seeks to minimize the variance of the optimal solution of an empirically fitted model. We show that the Vs‐optimality citerion is well related to known alphabetic DOE criteria. However, it focuses on an 'optimization‐seeking' experimental approach rather than an 'information‐seeking' approach, which is often adopted by traditional optimality criteria. We illustrate the differences between these two approaches by a detailed example of a robust design of an RL‐circuit. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In order to resolve conflicting reports on the cholesterol concentration in chicken skin, we have assayed cholesterol in skin by gas-liquid chromatography. The mean content for six chickens was 71 mg/100g raw skin. Thus the suggestion that chicken skin is particularly high in cholesterol is probably not correct.


This article considers international environmental treaties and discusses the extent to which treaties produce tangible environmental results. It reflects on the faultline between the treaty instrument itself and the transition required to transform textual agreement into environmentally beneficial action. The article takes a particular evaluative comment from environmental expert Daniel Bodansky as a touchstone and proceeds to test this position by addressing the development of the 'environmental treaty environmental action' dynamic across modern times.


As a member of the editorial board whose work culminated in the Heath Anthology of American Literature, I have watched with interest during the last two years the debate on the American literary canon and the related issue of political correctness. Heretofore, I have not publicly addressed the issues of the debate. My intention is not to rehash them here, for one additional statement more or less will not matter much. What I wish to address, instead, is a matter related to the debate on the literary canon: the growing controversy between American Indians and American scholars. Presented first are the broad outlines of the controversy and some of its causes, followed by an analysis of what implications the debate might have for American studies that deal with Indian matters, particularly for the American literary canon and those whose scholarship concerns it During the past twenty years, American Indians have been critical of American scholars, especially the anthropologists, for whom their criticism has been relentless. In recent years, with ever increasing intensity, their criticism has spilled over to other American scholars as well. Depending on the political stand of the person making the statement, we have been naive, ignorant, racist, colonialist, or two or more of these in combination. In some instances, there is outright repudiation of our efforts. Oren Lyons, for example, "arunner for the Six Nations" and a member of the Onondaga council, has said to us, "We will determine what our culture is we are not going to be put in a museum or accept your interpretations of our culture." Elizabeth Cook-Lynn, the Sioux scholar and


The impact of economic freedom and income inequality on Digital Access Index (DAI) is examined using data from 118 countries. Two variables 'openness of the economy' and the 'extent of domestic credit to private sector' are used as controlled variables. Regression analysis shows that economic freedom, openness of the economy and the extent of domestic credit to the private sector have a positive impact on DAI. Furthermore, greater income inequality has a significant negative relationship with DAI. However, when countries are divided into high income, middle income and low income groups, the results are different. For low income countries, openness of the economy and the extent of domestic credit to the private sector are the only variables that are significantly positively related to DAI. In high income and middle income countries, all variables are significant with the exception of 'openness of the economy'. The paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of the results for IT strategists, policymakers and international development agencies.


Higher Education Intitution (HEIs) in making changes so that their competitive roles and leadership competencies are factors that need to be taken into account. This paper aims to identify the Job Competency Requirement (JCR) of top leader HEI or rector and analyse the matching of person competency with the JCR in order to placement the appropriate leader in order to achieve effective performance. Methodology using competency with called the Behavior Event Interview (BEI), is a semi structured interview in which the respondent is asked to recall recent, specific events in which he or she felt effective and quantitative methods with surveys using questionnaires. The sample uses HEIs which has excellent institutional accreditation, namely leaders, deans and Heads of Departments (HoD's). The research finding is that the competency requirements for leaders at HEI's are 15 competencies. Practical implications that competency can be used for selection, placement, succession plan, leadership development of HEIs and policy makers concern with leadership development .


Any lump in the male breast is considered as cancer until histologically ruled out otherwise. Breast asymmetry can result from unequal hypertrophy or neoplastic growth, leading fatty tumors to be clinically and radiographically difficult to differentiate from hypertrophy.2 Lipoma is one of the most common benign mesenchymal tumors derived from fatty tissue. Incidence ranges from 12 to 16% of all mesenchymal tumors. We present an unusual presentation of the huge right breast lump in male. A 46 years old male, painless giant sagging right breast. Underwent reduction mammoplasty. Excision biopsy revealed mature adipose tissue separated by thin fibro vascular septate with no neuronal component and malignant transformation. Huge lipoma in male are unusual, requires care evaluation for diagnosis. They associated with excellent prognosis, after successfully intervened. All surgeons should aware of this kind of presentation. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case of a huge lipoma of breast in a male. When considering for treatment, the challenging part is reconstruction the breast in full filling a normal symmetrical and aesthetic anatomic structure of the breast. various literatures.


The study sought to investigate the mediating effect of diversity climate on the relation between a destructive leadership style and employee attitudes of organisational commitment, job satisfaction, and intention to quit. Participants were employees from the financial, banking, retail, and manufacturing sector in Gauteng province, South Africa (N = 230). The employees completed measures of autocratic leadership, diversity climate, job satisfaction, intentions to quit, and commitment. Simple mediation analysis revealed a pro-diversity climate to mediate the relationship between non-destructive leadership, organisational commitment, and job satisfaction. Non-destructive leadership predicted a constructive diversity climate, lower levels of intention to quit, higher levels of job satisfaction, and improved organisational commitment. Non-destructive leadership was conducive to diversity climate improving on employee organisational commitment and job satisfaction.


The often debated issue of `ratios of small numbers of events' is approached from a probabilistic perspective, making a clear distinction between the predictive problem (forecasting numbers of events we might count under well stated assumptions, and therefore of their ratios) and inferential problem (learning about the relevant parameters of the related probability distribution, in the light of the observed number of events). The quantities of interests and their relations are visualized in a graphical model (`Bayesian network'), very useful to understand how to approach the problem following the rules of probability theory. In this paper, written with didactic intent, we discuss in detail the basic ideas, however giving some hints of how real life complications, like (uncertain) efficiencies and possible background and systematics, can be included in the analysis, as well as the possibility that the ratio of rates might depend on some physical quantity. The simple models considered in this paper allow to obtain, under reasonable assumptions, closed expressions for the rates and their ratios. Monte Carlo methods are also used, both to cross check the exact results and to evaluate by sampling the ratios of counts in the cases in which large number approximation does not hold. In particular it is shown how to make approximate inferences using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo using JAGS/rjags. Some examples of R and JAGS code are provided.


8529 Background: Patients (pts) with metastatic melanoma (MM) often develop treatment-resistant brain metastases (mets). Treatment includes fotemustine (FTM), which crosses the blood-brain barrier. Ipilimumab (ipi) has shown activity in pts with MM and asymptomatic brain mets (Heller et al. ASCO 2011; abs 8581). In the phase II NIBIT-M1 trial, MM pts with asymptomatic brain mets were eligible for treatment with ipi plus FTM. Here, data from this pt subset are reported. Methods: Eligible pts received induction therapy with ipi 10 mg/kg every 3 wks (Q3W) x4 and FTM 100 mg/m2 weekly for 3 wks, followed by ipi Q12W from Week (W) 24 and FTM Q3W from W9. The primary objective was the immune-related (ir) disease control rate (irDCR: complete/partial response [CR/PR] or stable disease [SD] using the ir response criteria). Secondary objectives included ir objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS); overall survival (OS), and safety. Tumor assessments were performed Q8W from W12 to W36 and Q1...


OBJECTIVE
Guidelines for opioid prescription post-operatively exist; however, the majority of these are for adults. Nevertheless, opioid risks are present for pediatric patients also. This study investigates the effect of a single institution's guidelines on post-operative opioid prescribing for pediatric orthopedic patients undergoing knee surgery. We hypothesized that a standardized set of prescribing guidelines would result in a decrease in opioids prescribed at discharge home after these surgeries.

DESIGN
Retrospective observational.

SETTING
Urban, tertiary care, academic orthopedic hospital.

PATIENTS
Pediatric, sports knee surgery, 23-month period.

INTERVENTIONS
Guidelines were implemented institutionally for post-operative opioid prescribing practices. We reviewed all post-operative opioid prescriptions for pediatric patients undergoing sports knee surgery with two pediatric sports surgeons for the 11 months prior to the guidelines and 12 months afterwards, totaling 316 surgeries.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Oral morphine equivalents (OMEs) prescribed on discharge from the hospital before and after implementation of guidelines.

RESULTS
There was a significant reduction in OMEs from 229 OMEs to 175 OMEs before and after opioid prescribing guidelines (p < 0.001). This is a decrease in approximately seven 5 mg oxycodone tablets per patient.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that at our institution, with a pediatric patient population having sports knee surgery, prescribing guidelines reduced the number of opioids prescribed at discharge.


This paper presents the surface acoustic wave (SAW) mediated realignment for molecular orientation of polyimide films in curing process. The order parameters of polyimide films were obtained by measuring the anisotropic infrared absorbance using polarized infrared absorption spectroscopy. Experimental results of the double layered specimens indicated that the monomer chains were aligned to parallel to the wave fronts of SAW. The double layered specimens were made of a well cured polyimide film subsequently coated with the second film. The first film provides attractive forces to anchor the molecules of the second polyimide film on the first film. In the present experiments, the molecular orientation order parameter of SAW processed polyimide film is 0.23. It is between the values of unrubbed film (0.069) and rubbed one (0.535).


Volleyball has been born a hundred years,depending on the age and physical conditions to create many new forms of exercise,air volleyball came into being on this basis.Characteristics of Volleyball through the air,to carry out gas in the vocational college volleyball theoretical significance and feasibility analysis,gas volleyball in the popularization and promotion of vocational colleges to provide information.


Content curation and open sources of information are two aspects that can be joined to serve quality journalism. Open sources can be one of journalists' main instruments in conjunction with other types of sources, and they have their own advantages and characteristics. For its part, content curation provides a strategic framework for the use of these open sources in an especially efficient manner.


ABSTRACT
 The research entitled Analysis of execution decisions not executed (decree number 1080 / Pdt.G / 2015 / PN.Sby) To know and analyze whether the judge's verdict in giving decision in case 1080 / Pdt.G / 2015 / PN.Sby accordingly with applicable regulations as well as to know and analyze what the legal consequences of land use for the establishment of residential buildings on the land rights of others.
 The research method used is normative, that is research by using approach of legislation and drawing legal principles related to decision immediately.
 Based on the result of research, it can be concluded firstly: That the reason of Judge in decision number 1080 / Pdt.G / 2015 / PN.Sby is still less precise, because there are rules in SEMA number 3 year 2000 less attention, that judge should pay more attention to decision immediately rulings that can be executed first and therefore if executed then there should be goods or collateral that the same value to the goods to be executed. And from the verdict there is no goods or guarantees of equal value to the goods being executed. In the case of wishing to erect a building on land not a property right, resulting in a legal matter against the parties claiming that the land which the building was building belongs to it.
Keywords: verdict Immediate, execution


The Trinity is the Christian doctrine that God is one yet existing in three eternal and equal persons, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, distinct but not separate, united in will, each fully God, all three involved in all divine operations.

Keywords:

Christianity;
churches;
classical civilization;
heresy;
intellectual history;
religious history


The concept and the model of the multiwavelet neural network are proposed.Its universal and L 2 approximation properties as well as its consistency are proved,and the convergence rates associated with these properties are given.Theoretical analyses and the experimental results show that multiwavelet networks can have obvious advantages in approximation performance over simple wavelet networks,and similar works have not been seen at home and abroad.


This research was conducted with a burning technique on the selection of a mixing foundation for makeup resistance on all skin types. The purpose of this research is to find out analysis and draw conclusions about the selection of the Mixing Foundation with the combustion technique because this combustion technique is an innovation and not all beauty experts can use this technique in facial makeup. This research method is to collect secondary data in the form of articles or literature review literature type. The results show the conclusions include 1) this burning technique can overcome and reduce the problem of errors in choosing the color of the foundation because the mixing of the foundation can produce the desired color, 2) the results of the mixing foundation with the burning technique provide a long-lasting effect on all skin types 3) It can make the application of products on the face easier, this will be very helpful if you use foundations of various types such as liquid foundations, cream foundations or solid foundations. Keywords: face makeup, Mixing Foundation, burn techniques.


To reduce power utilization and area are some of the most important criteria for the fabrication of Digital Signal Processing and high performance systems. Optimizing the speed and area of the multiplier is a major design issue. In most of the multiplication, the multiplier is an energyhungry component. To improve energy efficiency of multipliers, the choice of multiplier is very important. Here Wallace tree multiplier along with Carry Look ahead Adder (CLA) is used in order to achieve fast computation but CLA occupies more area. The structure of Carry SeLect adder (CSLA) is used to increase the speed and reducing the area in CSLA. This paper introduces a method that modifies the CLA using Binary to Excess one Converter (BEC) based CSLA. Experimental analysis illustrates that the proposed architecture achieve advantages in terms of speed, area and power consumption.


Emergency management has come to be regarded by many analysts as a critical part of the development of sustainable communities. The emergency management function has been linked to issues such as environmental stewardship and community planning. Especially important is the linkage between hazard mitigation efforts and community planning in the context of building sustainable communities. But this conceptual linkage has been difficult to implement in practice. The resolution of this difficulty and a clarification of the essential linkage of hazard mitigation to community planning will require a broader definition and a reformulation of the emergency management function. It will also require an assessment and the removal of impediments that currently stand in the way of the implementation of this linkage. Practical steps can be taken to begin this important chore.


A dual-band microstrip radio frequency identification (RFID) reader antenna with tree-like fractal resonator was designed. The measured results show that dual bandwidths of the antenna with -10-dB return loss are 4.4% and 3.1%, respectively. The tested results are in good agreement with that of the simulations.


Abstract
Fragmentation of medical care and medical records has evolved as a result of specialization and a mobile patient propulation. To supply optimum medical care in today's complex world, health care providers cannot continue to rely on memory and document-based systems. The computer is a powerful resource that is currently being explored which remembers, files, retrieves, and organizes information at lighting speeds.


The Authority was asked for information about treatment cycles in the UK since 2000 using mothers' own frozen-thawed eggs including cycles, pregnancies, birth events and babies born.


Abstract A brief account is presented of the evolution of Social Skills Training at the Ulster College. It attained its origin from the Stanford model of microteaching, and its analogue of microcounselling. The account considers two ways in which a Social Skills Training system may be utilised ‐ namely the Tandem method and the Echelon method. Highlighted are some of the disadvantages arising with microtraining. At the Ulster College many of the disadvantages incurred by micro‐training have been overcome with the introduction of minitraining.


Acknowledgements Special thanks to Peiyi Ye for his help and support throughout the summer. Also, thanks to William Herrera, Harsha Kittur, and Luke Shaw for making HSSRP possible. Finally, thank you to Professor Ya-Hong Xie for admission to his lab and to the entire Xie group for acceptance into their laboratory. References [1] P.E. Blackburn, M. Koch, H.L. Johnston, The vaporization of molybdenum and tungsten oxides, J. Phys. Chem. 62 (1958) 769–773 [2] Hanggi, P., Talkner, P. & Borkovec, M. Reaction-rate theory: fifty years after kramers. Rev. Mod. Phys. 62, 251–342 (1990). [3] Rasband, W.S., ImageJ, U. S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, http://imagej.nih.gov/ ij/, 1997 2014. Calculation allows for theoretical determination of optimal conditions MoO3's deposition rate is dependent upon MoO3's evaporation rate. MoO3's evaporation rate is precisely controlled by lowering the temperature in order to lower MoO3's vapor pressure. The relationship between temperature and MoO3's vapor pressure can be modeled with MoO3's Clausius-Clapeyron equation.


We discuss several applications of symbolic dynamics and topological analysis to problems in mathematics, physics, and engineering, based on a talk presented by Dr. 1. Introduction In September of 1997, Nick Tuullaro discussed some applications of symbolic dynamics to problems in mathematics, physics, and engineering in an IMA Industrial Problems Seminar. This article will discuss some of the applications from Nick's talk. The mathematical aspects of Nick's discussion included several topics, including kneading theory, horseshoes, and braid analysis. Two systems that he discussed were the quadratic map (and other unimodal maps), and the Rossler system of diierential equations. Some problems from physics that Nick discussed were the vibrating string and the Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction. The goals of an engineering application might include a problem such as detecting bifurcations in noisy experimental data. As an example from engineering, Nick discussed an application of symbolic dynamics in the study of cycle variability in internal combustion engines. The diierent emphasis of the applications in the diierent disciplines is summarized in Table 1. The recent applications in physics and engineering suggest that symbolic dynamics is emerging as a powerful tool in nonlinear system identiication. Nick outlined the general strategy for using symbolic dynamics as an analysis tool as follows:


This data acquisition and remote transmission system was designed accordance with the building requirement of solar chimney power generation testing apparatus. The system reads data from the sensors which were installed on the power station and stores them in a SQL database through the WLAN. Another add-on program is built to help users select and provide data in the database to facilitate their research.


Introduction And Background: Vaginal discharge is a common complaint in reproductive age group women2. Vaginal
discharge is one of the common reasons in women of reproductive age group seeking gynecological consultation. It is
the second most common clinical problem after menstrual disorders. Globally, it is estimated that one in ten women will
present with vaginal discharge in the course of one year and approximately, ten million office visits each year are
attributed to vaginal discharge complaints. The prevalence of vaginal discharge in India is estimated to be 30%3.
Ÿ Abnormal vaginal discharge predisposes to significant morbidity to the women in the form of pelvic inflammatory
disease, infertility, endometriosis, cuff cellulitis, urethral syndrome, pregnancy loss, and preterm labour.5
Ÿ Certain conditions such as prolonged use of combined oral contraceptive, pregnancy, malnutrition, diabetes,
neutropenia, prolonged antibiotic therapy, candida become pathogenic and causes candidiasis.8
Ÿ Isolation, identification, characterization, and susceptibility of candida species became critical management of
fungal infections.9
Need For The Study: The study was done to emphasize the role of laboratory investigations in patients with vaginitis, as
presumptive clinical diagnosis alone can lead to false interpretation and treatment mismanagement. TheMethods:
present study is a cross sectional observational study conducted from January 2019 to February 2020 for about a period
of one year among 300 women aged 15-49 years with vaginal discharge attending gynecology OPD, Government
Maternity Hospital, Tirupati. This study included 300 subjects with a mean age of 30.4 ± 7.26 years. Nearly halfResults:
of (49.33%) our study population was aged between 25 to 34years, a majority (47%) of women had bacterial vaginosis,
followed by Candida in 39.33%, trichomonas vaginalis in 14.33%, mixed infections in 6.67% and 6% with no organisms.
Among Candida species, 48.31% of participants had candida albicans, 23.73% had candida tropicalis, 19.49% had
candida krusei, and 8.47% had candida glabrata, and of them 38.33% participants had voriconazole sensitivity, 32.33%
participants had ketoconazole sensitivity, 26% participants had clotrimazole sensitivity, and 21.33% participants had
fluconazole sensitivity. Among 118 candida infected 106 (89.83%) participants came for follow-up, of which symptoms
subsided in 90 (84.91%) participants. In conclusion, our study with 300 women patients complaining ofConclusion:
vaginal discharge found a majority of them belonging to the sexually active age group. Vaginal discharge was more
prevalent in lower economic status and rural areas. Bacterial vaginosis was the most common and frequent etiology,
followed by Candida. TV was the least common etiology for vaginal discharge.


A novel simulator useful to design and analyze the functionality of advanced integrated optical chips is presented and demonstrated through an example of a wavelength converter operating at 40 Gb/s. Written in a modular graphical programming language, the simulator is intuitive, fast, flexible and powerful. It represents an attractive alternative to more traditional approaches


Husband exemption has a long history all over the world for special social background and the support of theories such as marital contract, vengeance and violence to harm. With the development of society and woman's liberation, this opinion encounters the challenge of criminal theory and practice. This article deeply analyses sexual right with the view of civil law, made it clear that what social relationship be offended by rape, posed that we should explain crime code article 236 of the criminal law according to the need of society and confess marital rape.


My friend, Mr. Rufus G. Mather, has recently examined the books of the Hospital of Santa Maria Nuova with reference to the sculptural decoration of one of its dependencies, the Ceppo Hospital at Pistoia. The indefatigable Milanesi had already examined these records and, both in his Miscellanea and in the annotations to his edition of Vasari's Lives, made records of value, but the documents themselves remain unpublished. It is important, therefore, that these documents be published in historical sequence for the light they may shed on the history of these notable decorations.


Bacteria are key players in biogeochemical cycles and control water quality in freshwater ecosystems. Nevertheless, little is known about the identity and ecology of riverine bacteria, especially during ice‐covered periods that are often mistakenly perceived as periods with negligible biological activities. Here, we analyzed in detail the effects of environmental and climatic conditions on freshwater bacterial community structure and diversity over a 2‐yr sampling campaign, targeting a seasonally ice‐covered river of the Quebec City (Canada) area, the Saint‐Charles River. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and 16S ribosomal RNA gene high‐throughput sequencing demonstrated a strong seasonal cycle of the bacterial community composition with rapid successions of bacterial lineages, reflecting the harsh climatic condition of the region. During the summer, the bacterial community was dominated by typical freshwater microorganisms such as Limnohabitans, Sporichthyaceae hgcI/acI clade, and Pseudarcicella. In contrast, the results suggest that during the cold season, the low water temperatures, combined with other prevailing conditions such as reduced light availability and minimal particulate inputs from the catchment, created various environmental niches for potential methanotrophic Gammaproteobacteria, such as Crenothrix and Methylobacter, other Betaproteobacteria, such as Candidatus Methylopumilus, Candidatus Nitrotoga, and Rhodoferax, as well as Verrucomicrobia and Parcubacteria. The presence of these taxa in the winter suggests active carbon, iron, and nitrogen cycling under ice, whereas summer lineages are dormant or in a phase of reduced activity. These results increase our understanding of bacterial dynamic and potential metabolic processes occurring in seasonally ice‐covered inland waters, providing evidence that winter can be an especially important period for freshwater ecological processes.


Earp, Lewis, and Hart (2021) write about the racism entrenched in policies criminalizing drug use and possession and describe the disparate impact that these policies have on certain racialized communities. They argue for supportive, rather than punitive, policy. Yet an important aspect of the "War on Drugs" that they do not discuss is the effect on children, specifically on infants with prenatal substance exposure and children with parents with substance use disorder (SUD). As the authors note, "responsible drug policy is about more than just drugs: it is about the flourishing of entire communities." The "War on Drugs" has played a large role in dismantling the communities in which children grow up. Children are important members of communities, who stand to suffer uniquely, and may stand to suffer most when their communities are not flourishing. As a group of pediatricians, we agree that supportive, rather than punitive, policies are crucial. Discussion of the historical and current impact of policies on drug use, as well as proposed strategies for addressing their harms, demands consideration of the impact on children, especially Black and Brown children. The criminalization of substances in United States history has been racialized from its earliest days in the 1800s. White doctors would prescribe opiates to white patients, while enslaved Black people were fed rations laced with cocaine to boost productivity. After Emancipation, Black laborers received part of their compensation in coca leaves. However, when the Harrison Act of 1914 outlawed all non-prescribed narcotics, it was the Black community's substance use that was now criminalized, and Black laborers who were jailed and subsequently forced to work without compensation, which interrupted the family structure (Cohen 2006). This early disparity was echoed in later years by the disparities in policing and sentencing for crack versus powder cocaine. Per the Anti-Drug Abuse Act, a person caught possessing 1,000 g of powder cocaine, used with greater prevalence in the white community, could be sentenced to 10 years in prison. Only 10 g of crack cocaine, used with greater prevalence in the Black community, would net the same sentence. These disparate sentences have led to mass incarceration, especially among Black and Brown communities, leading to more children in these communities growing up with absent, incarcerated parents, as Earp et al. note. The burden on mothers in the maternal-infant dyad extends beyond the legal consequences to increased societal and medical condemnation for substance use. In the 1980s, a widespread panic arose over the concern that a generation of babies would be neurologically damaged from maternal substance use. However, the research fueling this "Crack Baby Hysteria" consisted of preliminary, ungeneralizable speculation from a small cohort of only 23 mothers. Subsequent research has shown that babies born with cocaine exposure raised in supportive environments do very well, and in many cases may be indistinguishable from other children. In fact, while socioeconomic status is associated with a child's development, prenatal cocaine exposure does not predict overall


The noise generation and propagation of a subsonic round helium-mixture coaxial jet is analyzed by a hybrid large-eddy simulation (LES) acoustic perturbation equations (APE) method. The Mach number of the primary Map and the secondary stream Mas is Map = 0:6 and Mas = 0:9 and the Reynolds number based on the velocity and the diameter of the secondary stream is ReD = 40000. The helium-mixture jet serves as a test problem to show the impact of the formulation of the entropy source terms on the acoustic eld. To be more


A belt pulley is provided for a crankshaft in a vehicle. The belt pulley can be mounted on an end of the crankshaft projecting from an engine block. The belt pulley includes, but is not limited to a drive disc, which can be fixed on the end of the crankshaft projecting from the engine block in a rotationally fixed manner, vibration damper which includes, but is not limited to a bulge that is elastically connected to the drive disc and an end body, which includes, but is not limited to a hollow space. A sound-damping component is arranged in the hollow space and the hollow space is covered by means of a cover disc.


Since the 1980s, the study of prosody and intonation has shown significant growth from both empirical and theoretical perspectives, in large part due to Prosodic Phonology (Nespor & Vogel 1986, Selkirk 1984, 1986) and the Autosegmental Metrical (AM) model (Pierrehumbert 1980, Pierrehumbert & Beckman 1988). For Spanish, studies over the past three decades have discussed topics such as prosody-syntax mapping, representations of pitch accents in declaratives and interrogatives, prosodic manifestations of broad and narrow focus, acoustic correlates of stress, and phonetic cues to phrase boundaries, just to name a few. This particular study investigates one item from this list, the phonetic correlates utilized to divide discourse into prosodic phrases. Prosody is used to parse information into chunks that demonstrate definite size and internal structure ( . 2005, Selkirk 1984, Zubizarreta 1998). Based on AM theory, speech is organized in accordance with abstract, hierarchically leveled constituents. This arrangement is displayed in (1). In this hierarchy, each lower-level constituent is contained within higher-level constituents. Furthermore, concrete phonetic cues found in pitch contours correlate with the abstract constituents of this phonological hierarchy. While early studies in SPE Phonology (Chomsky & Halle 1968) assume strong overlap between prosodic and syntactic constituents, work in the past two decades posits that the elements in (1) are separate from (but related to) syntactic structure.


The self-compensating dynamic balancer (SCDB) is composed of a circular disk with a groove containing ball and a low viscosity damping fluid. The equations of motion of the rotating system with SCDB were derived by the Lagrangian method. To consider dynamic stability of the motion, perturbation equations were investigated. Based on the results of stability investigation, ball positions that result in a balanced system are stable above the critical speed with small damping (β′>3.8 case). At critical speed the perturbed motion is said to be stable for large damping (β′>2.3 case). However, below critical speed the balls cannot stabilize the system in any case.


Short radio waves propagate in the ionosphere - randomly-inhomogeneous medium of the upper atmosphere. Gain control system is one of the important parts of a short-wave radio receiver. Frequently the received signal has a wide dynamic range. A conventional approach for this problem consists of using an automatic gain control. In that case the receiver's gain is automatically adjusted to maintain a constant level using averaging filters with different time constants. It is enough in most communication tasks. Solving tasks of radio waves propagation or ionospheric parameters investigation, it is necessary to predict mean level of radio signal absolute value of the received signal. In this case an adaptive gain control system can be useful. We proposed the method of developing self-learning gain control system. Self-learning neural network is used to estimate mean value of the signal amplitude. Input vector of the neural network consists of previous samples of the signal, the network output is estimated gain level for next several samples. Since short-wave radio receiver is a self-contained device, the self-learning gain control system based on the neural network was realized on programming logic device. Keywords: First, second, third;


The tautomeric equilibria of 4-amino-1,10-phenanthroline, 4-amino-2,2′-bipyridyl, and certain of their N-substituted derivatives are assessed from pKa and u.v. spectral data. Comparison of pKT values for 4-amino-, and 4-anilino-1,10-phenanthroline with those for the corresponding pyridine derivatives indicates that in the former series a combination of intramolecular hydrogen bonding and destabilisation by lone pairs in close proximity reduces the predominance of the 'amino' tautomer by a factor of ca. 100.


Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas, with variable involvement of other regional tissues or remote organ systems. Its overall mortality is approximately 10-20%. There is a wide variation of the disease severity, ranging from mild, self-limiting disease, which is recovered within 3-5 days without morbidity to severe, life-threatening disease which carries mortality rate up to 30-40%. There have been many progresses in the diagnosis, severity staging and management of AP over the last decade and several guidelines have been published over the last few years. However, there are still many controversial issues left that need to be addressed and standardized. This review will summarize the concepts, recent knowledge and advances in the diagnosis, investigation and management of AP. In some issues, particularly those are very controversial, the author's personal opinions will be noted.


Terminal pads 2a on both sides, the passivation film 3a so as to cover the both surfaces of the semiconductor substrate 1 having a 2b, 3b are formed. The passivation film 3a, the 3b, terminal pads 2a, so as to overlap with the 2b, openings 3c, 3d are provided. Opening 3c, the inside of the 3d, through-hole 9 penetrating the terminal pads 2a and the semiconductor substrate 1 and the terminal pads 2b are formed. The inner surface of the through-hole An insulating layer 4, so as to cover the opening 3c, the terminal pads 2a in 3d, and 2b, a buffer layer 5 made of a conductive adhesive is formed. Furthermore, by electrolytic plating or electroless plating, etc., on the buffer layer 5, the conductive layer 6 made of a metal film is formed.


Introduction Introduction to Concerns About the Protection of Personal Data and the Possible Responses Thereto The European Union The Legislation of the Member States of the European Union The United States Possible Ways Forward Conclusion Appendix 1: Links to Relevant Web Sites Appendix 2: The European Directive on the Protection of Individuals With Regard to the Processing of Personal Data on the Free Movement of Such Data Appendix 3: Council of Europe: Convention for the Protection of Individuals With Regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data Glossary of Selected Internet-Related Terms Bibliography Index


This paper presents a unified dispatching management data query architecture of hierarchical storage in smart grid. With the concept of cloud computing, we take into account the integration IT infrastructure resources, to achieve the effective organization of different data resources. By dispatching data network located in the control center, we provide efficient data sharing, interactive, retrieval of various services for dispatching management business applications. In order to achieve with data-sharing target, we focuses on the analysis of integrated cloud data query architecture for the hierarchical storage management. The architecture can provide a theoretical basis for the overall design and application of the data query prototype system of dispatching management.


The 'silent' yeast mating‐type loci (HML and HMR) are repressed by sequences (HMLE and HMRE) located over 1 kb from their promoters which have properties opposite those of enhancers, and are called 'silencers'. Both silencers contain autonomously replicating sequences (ARS). Silencer activity requires four trans‐acting genes called SIR (silent information regulator). We have identified two DNA binding factors, SBF‐B and SBF‐E, which bind to known regulatory elements at HMRE. SBF‐B binds to a region involved in both the silencer and ARS functions of HMRE, but does not bind to HMLE. This factor also binds to the unlinked ARS1 element. SBF‐E recognizes a sequence found at both silencers. These results suggest that the two silencers may be composed of different combinations of regulatory elements at least one of which is common to both. Neither factor appears to be a SIR gene product. Hence the SIR proteins may not directly interact with the silencer control sites.


A new approach to control the grain size of Co alloy oxide perpendicular media by means of Ar-ion etching is presented. Ar plasma was applied to the surface of a continuous Ru1 layer, on top of which a granular Ru2+SiO2 layer was subsequently deposited. It was found that etching time and high Ar-ion energy have a significant effect on the surface roughness of the seedlayer, which in turn have a great effect on microstructure and magnetic properties of the media. A granular Ru2+SiO2 layer with mean grain size of 3.9±0.7 nm was obtained, and its oxide boundary thickness decreased with the decreasing Ru grain size. As a result, the mean grain size of the magnetic layer was greatly reduced to 5.3±0.8 nm from 7.6±1.3 nm of a controlled sample without Ar-ion etching. The coercivity (Hc) of the media is 2.7 kOe, while Hc of the controlled sample is 4.8 kOe. The small CoPt grain size, the possible oxidization of metal grains, and the resultant increasing c-axis dispersion of the magnetic layer can explain the dec...


The narrow correlator spacing algorithm,Multipath Estimations Delay Lock Loop(MEDLL) and Early Late Slope(ELS) suppress multipath algorithms of GPS receiver are studied in this paper,and the ELS algorithm is studied as an important point,this algorithm can effectively suppress code tracking error caused by multipath through estimating slope of both sides of correlation function peak in the addition of adequacy pre-correlation bandwidth.The simulation results show that the performance of the slope estimation algorithm is better than narrow correlator spacing algorithm,and close to Multipath Estimations Delay Lock Loop algorithm.But the slope estimation algorithm is propitious to implement in hardware,because it needs less correlators and simple algorithm.


Pyrolysis at 180–200° of N-aryldithiocarbamates, prepared from arylamines, affords isothiocyanates in high yield. In contrast to other isothiocyanate syntheses, this method does not require basic conditions or a strongly electron-withdrawing group on the thiol sulphur atom.


Correlation analysis of gamma-ray burst coordinates and nearby stars, registered on 2008-2011, revealed 5 coincidences with angular accuracy better than 0.1 degree. The random probability is $7\times 10^{-7}$, so evidencing that coincident stars are indeed gamma-ray burst sources. The proposed method should be continued in order to provide their share in common balance of cosmic gamma-ray bursts.


Article History: Received 15.06.2016 Received in revised form 11.09.2016 Accepted 22.10.2016 Available online 16.11.2016 The main objective of the present study is to investigate the university students' perceptions about the undesirable behaviors of the faculty members, their trust levels towards faculty members, students' class participation, and to scrutinize the relationship between these variables. Furthermore, the study aims to identify how and in which direction faculty members' undesirable behaviors affect the university students' trust for faculty members and active participation into class activities. Thus, the relationship between three variables were analyzed via structural equation modelling. Study group included 327 volunteering students who attended pedagogical formation program held in Inonu University during the summer semester of 2013–2014 academic year. "Undesirable Behavior in Faculty Members", "Confidence in Faculty Members", and "University Students Class Participation" scales were used to collect data. Findings indicated that the trust of students towards faculty members and faculty members' undesired behaviors affected students' active participation into class activities. It was concluded that the both variables explained the 16% of the variance in students' classroom participation level. © 2016 IOJES. All rights reserved


SYNOPSIS

During tunnel construction in fractured rock, a detailed hydrogeological description of the rock is of importance for successful grouting design and estimating leakage. A common simplification has been to assume the fractures as independent parallel plates; a 2D stacked model. However, analytical inflow predictions based on this model have not been sufficiently accurate. The aim of this work is to study whether a more realistic 3D fracture model, viewing the fracture system as a network of connected fractures, could better explain the sealing effects of grout compared to the 2D model.

Inflow into a tunnel and grout penetration have been studied in a three-fracture network model, using the numerical groundwater flow code DarcyTools, version 3.1.

Ideas developed from this study were then applied to a real case tunnel. Deviations from the analytical prediction of inflow into the grouted tunnel can be understood, in part at least, by taking the connectivity of the rock volume into account.

The results further enhance the importance of firm geological and hydrogeological characterization of the rock mass that needs to be sealed with grout to reach a tolerable inflow of groundwater.


In this paper, a probabilistic neural network (PNN) based approach for fault diagnostic in case of faults affecting asynchronous machines is proposed. Performances of the proposed probabilistic neural network are compared to those of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN), using a cross-validation procedure to provide better generalization of neural network classifiers. To perform efficient diagnostic results the cross-validation procedure input data is partitioned into three sets: a training set, a validation set and a test set. The stator RMS values of three-phase voltages and currents are used as model inputs to identify the different types of faults and the normal operating mode.


Four insecticides were evaluated for the control of pine needle scale at a commercial planation located on a Windsor loamy coarse sand. A vigorous herbicide program had reduced weed competition to a virtual weed-free site. Trees with an average ht of 4.5 ft were spaced at 4 ft between plants and 5 ft between rows. Granular aldicarb 10G was applied on 19 May at a rate of 10 grams of granules per tree in a single bar hole 4 to 6 in. deep at the dripline. Holes were closed with a kick of the heel. Rainfall in the test area from 19 May to 20 June was 4.08 in. Three foliar insecticides were applied on 20 Jun. when first instar scale crawlers were found active and moving about on the needles. Trees were sprayed to a thorough wetting with a Solo knapsack sprayer with a pressure of 30 lb/in2. Applications were made when the temperature was 80°F, windspeed was less than 3 mph, and skies were cloudless. Rainfall through the remainder of the test period totaled 4.25 in. The experimental design consisted of three trees per plot with a border row between plots. Each treatment was replicated five times and the test was randomized. On 10 ftug. infested needles were taken from the center tree of each test plot. From a random selection of needles from each treatment, percent mortality was obtained by counting 200 nymphs from a minimum of four needles per plot.


The effect of black soybean protein powder on the pasting properties and gelatinizing property was analyzed by rapid viscosity analyzer(RVA) and texture analyzer.The best cooking time,broken rate,water-absorptivity,loss rate of dry material,cutting properties,stretch properties and sensory evaluation of noodle with different amount of black soybean protein powder were also studied.The result showed that the viscosity and the gelatinizing property of wheat flour increased along with the addition of black soybean protein powder less than 15%.The flexibility and stretchability of noodle increased prominently when the addition of black soybean protein powder was 10%.


Hans Rosenberg, who died in Freiburg on 26 June 1988, was not only a critical historian, he was above all a self-critical one. Looking back upon his life during his last years, he always saw first what he had set out to do but had not accomplished, or what, in his judgment, had turned out less well than he would have wished. At most he granted that he had exercised a certain influence upon many historians of the next generation. "Not everything has been futile": that was the most positive statement he allowed himself to make about his work.


In the present work, TiO2 powders with an average diameter of 0.3 μm, 99.9% purity and rutile form were used as the received material. Non-stoichiometric titanium dioxide, TiO2-x compacts used as a thermoelectric material were prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) in a temperature range of 1073-1373 K for 5 min. Also, thermoelectric properties were measured from room temperature to 823 K in air. The reduction reaction caused to the graphite model was discussed. From the results, it is found that non-stoichiometric TiO2-x compacts were obtained by reducing TiO2 through the reduction reaction caused by the graphite model during SPS. The electrical resistivity was reduced considerably with increasing SPS temperature. Besides, the values of activation energy of TiO2-x were very small and also the change of the electrical resistivity with measurement temperature had near flat tendency. The values of Seebeck coefficient of the compacts were kept large ones over –300 μVK till 823 K. Power factor reached near 1×10 WmK at 823 K.


Subjects with congenital nystagmus (CN), 18 otherwise healthy and 3 with cochleo-vestibular disease, were assessed on a test of 'vestibular perception'. Subjects were seated on a motorised chair and tasked with returning themselves to a starting position, using a joystick control, in response to passive rightwards or leftwards displacements which had raised cosine velocity profiles of 3o7s or 6o7s and amplitudes varying from 30o to 180o. On average, normal subjects return to the starting position for displacements up to circa 150o and are slightly hypometric for larger displacements, undershooting the start because of the low frequency characteristic of vestibular transduction. Eight of the healthy CN subjects were normal. Six had responses which were mildly hypometric in one direction. Three subjects were hypometric in both directions. One subject had mildly hypermetric responses for one direction overshooting the start. The three CN subjects with otological disease had marked hypometricity in one direct...


A key challenge in network virtualization is to efficiently map a virtual network (VN) on a substrate network (SN), while accounting for possible substrate failures. This is known as the survivable VN embedding (SVNE) problem. The state-of-the-art literature has studied the SVNE problem from infrastructure providers' (InPs') perspective, i.e., provisioning backup resources in the SN. A rather unexplored solution spectrum is to augment the VN with sufficient spare backup capacity to survive substrate failures and embed the resulting VN accordingly. Such augmentation enables InPs to offload failure recovery decisions to the VN operator, thus providing more flexible VN management. In this paper, we study the problem of jointly optimizing spare capacity allocation in a VN and embedding the VN to guarantee full bandwidth in the presence of multiple substrate link failures. We formulate the optimal solution to this problem as a quadratic integer program that we transform into an integer linear program. We also propose a heuristic algorithm to solve larger instances of the problem. Based on analytical study and simulation, our key findings are: 1) provisioning shared backup resources in the VN can yield ~33% more resource efficient embedding compared to doing the same at the SN level and 2) our heuristic allocates ~21% extra resources compared to the optimal, while executing several orders of magnitude faster.


Sequential object-oriented languages have many constraints that cannot properly represent the real world with concurrency and execution on multiprocessor computers. We present a mechanism to support the concurrency in an object-oriented language. By doing so, the programming power and adaptabilities in various applications can be improved. The underlying concept of the mechanism is to unify the notions of object and process to the active object. So, the object and process can be treated in a consistent manner. We also try to improve the encapsulation and reusability that are advantages of object-oriented programming languages. We suggest an implementation method of the concurrent object-oriented programming language. The message passing mechanism used in this work supports both synchronous and asynchronous method calls. The object model is based on a single threaded one. We implemented the concurrent object-oriented system by using Lex/Yacc and Task library.<<ETX>>


Study of gauge symmetry is carried over the different interacting and non-interacting field theoretical models through a prescription based on Lagrangian formulation. And the prescription is capable of testing whether a given model possesses a gauge symmet...


ANTHONY, MARY K., see Kelley, C. G. ANTON, BONNIE B., see Bohachick, P. BARRICK, CHRISTINA B., DIANNE E. TAYLOR, and ELSA I. CORREA, "Psychometric Assessment and Clinical Application of the Correa-Barrick Depression Rating Scale," 363. BECHTEL-BLACKWELL, DEBORAH A., "Computer-Assisted Self-Interview and Nutrition Education in Pregnant Teens," 450. BLANK, FIDELA S. J., and HOWARD SMITHLINE, "Evaluation of an Educational Video for Cardiac Patients," 403. BOEY, KAM WENG, see Cheng, T. Y. L. BOHACHICK, PATRICIA, MELISSA V. TAYLOR, SUSAN SEREIKA, SARA REEDER, and BONNIE B. ANTON, "Social Support, Personal Control, and Psychosocial Recovery Following Heart Transplantation," 34. BROWN, JEAN K., JUI-YING FENG, and THOMAS R. KNAPP, "Is Self-Reported Height or Arm Span a More Accurate Alternative Measure of Height?" 417. CARRUTH, ANN K., LANA SKARKE, BARBARA MOFFETT, and CYNTHIA PRESTHOLDT, "Nonfatal Injury Experiences Among Women on Family Farms," 130. CHA, JENNIFER J., see Smith, C. E. CHANG, BETTY L., see Mayo, A. M. CHENG, TAVIA YUK LING, and KAM WENG BOEY, "The Effectiveness of a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Self-Efficacy and Exercise Tolerance," 10. CLEMENTS, FAYE A., see Smith, C. E. COOK, DAVID, see Smith, C. E. CORBETT, CYNTHIA F., see Crogan, N. L. CORREA, ELSA I., see Barrick, C. B. CRAIG, DOROTHY, see LeClerc, C. M. CROGAN, NEVA L., CYNTHIA F. CORBETT, and ROBERT A. SHORT, "The Minimum Data Set: Predicting Malnutrition in Newly Admitted Nursing Home


This solid-state imaging device (100) is provided with: a first semiconductor substrate part (21) having a pixel part (31) wherein unit pixels, each of which has a light receiving part (4) that performs photoelectric conversion of incident light from an imaging optical system, are two dimensionally arranged; and a second semiconductor substrate part (22) having a circuit part (33) that processes signals from the pixel part (31). The first semiconductor substrate part (21) has a first semiconductor substrate (5a) that has a smaller thickness than a second semiconductor substrate (5b) of the second semiconductor substrate part (22); the first semiconductor substrate part (21) and the second semiconductor substrate part (22) are joined with each other and form a multilayer structure; and a joined part (30) of the first semiconductor substrate part (21) and the second semiconductor substrate part (22) is provided with a reflection plate (6a) that reflects the incident light.


Based on brief discussion on the theory of human capital,the function of human capital investment in the training of new farmers was discussed.The main existing problems in the human capital of China were pointed out.The countermeasures for increasing the human capital investment for cultivating new farms were put forward.


Introduction Anorexia of females adolescents has a high mortality rate and heavy health, psychological, family consequences even in case of survival. Objectives To reduce the mortality rate and the consequences of anorexia by providing a theory that allows us to have early or even predictive diagnosis Methods 25 years ago I found blood type (O, A, B, AB) difference between an anorexic patient and her mother. Pregnancy had been with placental detachment and birth was traumatic, presumed causes of a mother/daughter blood contact. From that day on, I checked, in the case of Anorexia of the Female Adolescent, the blood types of the anorexic girl and her mother. Results In my collection of data (more than 100 cases in 25 years): only the girls who have a different blood type (O, A, B, AB) from the mother are anorexic and from the patient's history, we could think of a mother/daughter blood contact during the pregnancy. There are no exceptions in my data. My new theory is that Anorexia of the Female Adolescent, in addition to the girl's psychological causes, needs a "conditio sine qua non" (a necessary but not sufficient condition): Different mother/daughter blood types (O,A,B,AB) and traumatic contact between the two blood types during pregnancy and/or birth". Conclusions My theory facilitates early diagnosis (Preventive Medicine) by limiting observation, for Anorexia risk, to only daughters with a different blood type than that of the mother. Recognizing this "conditio sine qua non" for Anorexia of the Female Adolescent allows us an early diagnosis and a predictive hypothesis. Disclosure No significant relationships.


Granular mixing of identical particles that cluster together is a challenging and important engineering problem. Mixing requires the breakup of clusters, both by individual particle detachment and cluster fragmentation. We apply a population balance (distribution kinetics) approach to describe such size-distributed cluster processes. Expressions for mixing effectiveness and segregation measures are derived and expressed in terms of the rate coefficients for reversible cluster distribution kinetics. Analytical and numerical moment solutions illustrate how the novel method is implemented and also provide some realistic results. The method allows straightforward derivation of experimentally observed long-time power law or exponential asymptotic behavior of segregation metrics for various rate coefficient expressions. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 51: 406 – 414, 2005


The present study intends to analyse and quantify the effect of the electric exposure on the impact fatigue strength of carbon/epoxy laminates subject to a DC electric current flowing through-thickness at the impact point. For this purpose several laminates were tested with different stacking sequences: [0]16 and [0i,90i]S, i = 2, 3, 4, 5. The samples were submitted to a DC electric current of 1 A, corresponding to an electric current density of 0.142 (A/mm). The unidirectional samples were exposed over 2 h, 4 h and 8 h, and the cross-ply ones to 8 h. The tests were carried out using a drop weight-testing machine and a 10 mm diameter impactor. It was possible to conclude that the exposure to the electric current decreases the impact fatigue life, but the unidirectional laminates show to be much more sensible than the cross-ply ones as consequence of the higher predamages induced. Thicker samples are also minus sensible to the effects promoted by the electric current and, consequently, the impact fatigue life is less affected.


Yuldashev, Marat Mathematical Models and Simulation of Costas Loops Jyvaskyla: University of Jyvaskyla, 2013, 72 p.(+included articles) (Jyvaskyla Studies in Computing ISSN 1456-5390; 174) ISBN 978-951-39-5488-8 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-5491-8 (PDF) Finnish summary Diss. This work is devoted to the development of nonlinear mathematical models of Costas loops. A Costas loop was invented in 1956 by John P. Costas of General Electric. Nowadays, a Costas loop is widely used in many applications including telecommunication devices, global positioning systems (GPS), medical implants, mobile phones, and other gadgets. Costas loop is a phase-locked loop (PLL) based circuit designed to simultaneously perform two tasks — carrier recovery and data demodulation. To performs both of these tasks it has three non-linear elements. So, Costas loop is more complicated circuit than analog PLLs with only one nonlinear element and therefore requires special techniques for its analysis. All this makes the development of non-linear models of Costas loops a difficult task. For high-frequency signals, used in the modern devices, the transient time is thousands of times greater than the signal's periods. This property of Costas loop further complicates the application of analytical methods and numerical simulation. Also the signal waveforms involved greatly affect the behaviour of Costas circuits. In this work, nonlinear mathematical models of the BPSK Costas loop and the Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) Costas loop have been developed. These models allow to facilitate the application of analytical methods and reduce the numerical simulation time, which is a practically relevant significant problem. All theoretical results are rigorously proved. An effective numerical procedure for the simulation of Costas loops based on the phase-detector characteristics is proposed.


The glass-type electrodes based pH sensors suffer from the weakness of fragility and poor stability in acid/alkali solution. To overcome these disadvantages, a novel solid-state pH sensor based on a RuO2–IrO2 H+ sensitive electrode via a polymeric precursor method was developed in this paper. The electrochemical performance of pH sensor was tested in different conditions. The experimental results showed that the sensitivity of the pH sensor could reach a high level of 52.0 mV/pH in a wide pH range of 2 ∼ 10. Furthermore, the response of pH sensor was fast and the response time remained less than 2.2 s even under varying pH conditions. The experiment was repeated three times during a period of time, the potential difference of pH sensor was between ±0.3 mV and ±0.9 mV in different pH value solutions, demonstrating its good stability, repeatability, recyclability and small potential drift. The negligible interference of Li+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, to the proposed pH sensor was also proven experimentally.