Which facial characteristics do people rely on when forming personality impressions? Previous research has uncovered an array of facial features that influence people's impressions. Even though some (classes of) features, such as resemblances to emotional expressions or facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR), play a central role in theories of social perception, their relative importance in impression formation remains unclear. Here, we model faces along a wide range of theoretically important dimensions and use machine learning techniques to test how well 28 features predict impressions of trustworthiness and dominance in a diverse set of 597 faces. In line with overgeneralization theory, emotion resemblances were most predictive of both traits. Other features that have received a lot of attention in the literature, such as fWHR, were relatively uninformative. Our results highlight the importance of modeling faces along a wide range of dimensions to elucidate their relative importance in impression formation.


Trace impurity elements in high purity silver nitrate affect performance and quality.In order to improve the accuracy of analysis of modern testing technology for trace impurity elements,removing the silver by precipitant or deoxidizer to reduce matrix effect is the primary problem.A method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 15 trace impurity elements in high purity sliver nitrate by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS) with precipitation treatment.10 mL 10 g / L citric acid and 5 g / L glycolic acid were used as complexing protectant to protect trace impurity elements during sample pretreatment.12 mL 100 g / L ammonia chloride was used as precipitant to separate the matrix silver.The factors affecting the analytical results such as the concentration of complexing protectant and precipitant,the selection of isotope to avoid mass spectra interference,the matrix interference and the experimental blank values were comprehensively investigated and optimized.Under the optimized conditions,good linear relationships were obtained when the content ranges of Cu,Pb,Ni,Mn,Au,Pd,Pt,Rh,Ru and Ir were 0- 100 ng / mL and Fe,Hg,Bi,Cr and Sn were 0- 250 ng / mL.The detection limits of the method are 0.005- 0.062 ng / g,the recovery rates are 94.1%- 103.1% with precision of 0.6%- 2.6%RSD(n = 11).Compared with the existing analytical technique,the impurity elements and complex matrix could be separated completely using complexing protectant and precipitant.This new method is simple and practical with lower detection limits.Precision and accuracy meet the requirements of the simultaneous separation and determination of trace impurity elements in high purity silver nitrate samples.


Using the first level products of Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) and three algorithms to estimate the shortwave radiation,longwave radiation and net radiation of Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University(SACOL) from April to August in 2007,and further the coefficients of WKC algorithm were modified using observed data of SACOL from June to August in 2006.Compared to the observed values,the result showed that the accuracy of estimated shortwave radiation was better than longwave radiation in the satellite transit time.Based on the components of the surface radiation,the accuracy of estimated net radiation was good,and the minimum mean absolute percent error was 9.98%in the satellite transit time.The daily net radiation which obtained by using the time scale expansion method was close to the measured data,and the mean absolute percent errors were less than 25.0%.The daily net radiation which estimated based on the shortwave radiation directly was deviated from the observed value,but the correlation was good.However,the result had improvement after it was modified by the measured data of SACOL,and the deviation between the estimated result and observed one was the minimum.It was worth noting that each radiation component was can be retrieved by MODIS products directly and did not need any other auxiliary data,and accuracy of estimated net radiation was only after the modified algorithm in the satellite transit time.The biggest advantage of the algorithm which estimated net radiation based on the shortwave radiation directly was avoid the longwave radiation estimated,and the accuracy of the algorithm was better after it was modified by the observed value,but it required measured auxiliary data.So,in the case of having the ground observed data,the net radiation can be estimated by using the modified algorithm based on the shortwave radiation.In the case of absence the ground observed data,it provides an effective way to estimated the net radiation by estimating the radiation components.


Summary: Institution support, resources and training for international programs are needed. The establishment of official policies and procedures related to fiscal responsibilities, university requirements, safety considerations, and other aspects of executing global experiences for both faculty and students are infrastructure needs to ensure success of global initiatives.


Heritability was estimated for weaning liveweight of 7030 Coopworth sheep from 10 flocks representing 92 sires by derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood procedures using an animal model. Similar analyses were used for yearling liveweight and greasy fleece weight with over 4000 animals, fat depth on 2184 animals and fibre diameter on 966 animals. The fixed effects of flock-year-management group, sex, birth type, rearing type and age were significant for most traits. Estimates of heritability were 0.45 ¦ 0 - 07 for weaning liveweight, 0.38 ¦ 0.07 for yearling liveweight, 0 28 ¦ 0.05 for greasy fleece weight, 0.18 ¦ 0 08 for fibre diameter and 0.13 ¦ 0.04 for ultrasonic fat depth at the C site. The genetic correlations of liveweights with greasy fleece weight were positive, but close to zero with fibre diameter. The genetic correlation between greasy fleece weight and fibre diameter was 0.422 ¦ 0.25. Fat depth was highly genetically correlated with liveweights at weaning (0.53 ¦ 0.22) and yearling (0.64 ¦ 0- 20) ages, was highly negatively correlated with fibre diameter (-0.55 ¦ 0.28) and had a small positive genetic correlation with greasy fleece weight (0.15 ¦ 0.34).


The acoustical tomography scheme for inferring a three-dimensional sound-speed field within some area based on the measurements of horizontal refraction angles is reviewed. The numerical simulations made so far were based on the assumption of the adiabaticity of low-frequency mode propagation. In this paper, an inversion scheme is presented that accounts for the acoustic mode interaction. We found that, generally, the interaction weakly affects the horizontal refraction angle, and it can be accounted for by iterations. Numerical simulations for the case of an Atlantic "meddy" corresponding to a strong double channel stratification are presented. Only three iterations were required to retrieve the exact strong sound-speed-field inhomogeneity within an area of 500 km/spl times/500 km.


SummaryA general practice multi-centre, double-blind crossover study was carried out in 90 patients with mild to moderate hypertension to compare the antihypertensive effect of 50 mg atenolol 3-times daily with that of 250 mg methyldopa 3-times daily. After an initial 4-week standardization period, during which patients originally on a beta-blocker were transferred to atenolol and patients on methyldopa continued at the standardized trial dosage, patients were given each trial drug, in random order, for 4 weeks. All then received 100 mg atenolol daily for a further 8 weeks. During the double-blind phase of the trial, there was no statistically significant difference between blood pressure control attained by atenolol and that achieved by methyldopa. At the end of the open phase, however, it was found that the diastolic pressure was significantly lower than that produced during the double-blind phase by either drug. Pulse rate during atenolol treatment was significantly lower than it was during treatment w...


Abstract People struggle regularly with the selfish impulse to maximize personal benefits and the prosocial impulse to care for others. However, little is known about how people naturally react in crises. We propose that people with lowered state self-control are more inclined to help in crisis situations. Four studies showed that individuals with lower self-control (both measured and manipulated) were more likely to help, share, and volunteer in high-crisis scenarios (Studies 1, 2, and 3b) and in an earthquake simulation (Study 4). The results were not merely a semantic priming effect of crisis descriptions (Study 3a). This research suggests that people naturally have different altruistic tendencies when faced with a crisis versus everyday situations.


Population aging on a global scale has occurred simultaneously with rapid technological developments. In the context of using technologies to improve quality of life, digital games can offer several benefits for a healthy aging, such as physical and mental well-being, and socializing with other players. However, to achieve such benefits it is required that the interfaces of these games be accessible to the elderly public. In this way, it was noted the need for evaluation methods that consider the characteristics of elderly users while interacting with games. In Literature, there is a scarcity of methods that evaluate digital games, so, the objective of this work is to propose a specialization of the Cognitive Walkthrough (CW) method to evaluate digital games considering elderly users. Two case studies were also carried out, the first with the intention of verifying in practice how the CW method is applied. Based on the theoretical studies and the results of the first case study, a specialization of the CW method was proposed, called Cognitive Barriers Walkthrough (CBW). A second case study was carried out to verify its applicability and provide a comparison with the traditional method. The comparison results suggest the effectiveness of the proposed method over the traditional method.


Popovych, I. S. Transformation function of social expectations of a person / I. S. Popovych // Proceedings of the 1st International Academic Congress «Fundamental and Applied Studies in the Pacific аnd Atlantic Oceans countries», 25 Oct. 2014, Japan, Tokyo. – Vol. I, «Tokyo University Press». – Tokyo, 2014. – P. 582–585. [In Ukrainian].


The objective of this article is the evaluation of the work methodology proposed for a teaching laboratory designed to reduce the risks associated with the work of students in the laboratory. This design establishes protocols for action which with the help of mobile technology seek to enable students to incorporate preventive attitudes to their work routines in order to minimise the risks associated with their own work in the laboratory and to include safety regulations connected with the labels of the chemical reactants being handled. The work was carried out in the Food Technology laboratories of the Higher Polytechnic School of Zamora of the University of Salamanca.


The peer-to-peer networking technologies and systems provide a rapid and scalable content distribution mechanism for the increasing client population to access an explosive volume of media files on the Internet. Whereas the BitTorrent protocol and its derivatives are the most popular peer-to-peer file sharing applications, this paper proposes the performance measurement and analysis of BitTorrent protocols with an extensive volume of real trace logs. This examination reveals many new characteristics and information into the virtue of BitTorrent protocols in terms of downloading-side metrics, including overall download time and download bandwidth utilization, which have not been well specified in prior works that mainly focused on system-oriented and uploading-side performance measurements.


Abstract Air pollution is one of the most serious environmental issues. In Malaysia, the emission of air pollutants has increased in recent years. This study aimed to examine the impact of air pollution on sectoral indices in Malaysian stock market. The dependent variables used in this study were the daily return of 13 sectoral indices, while the independent variables were as follows: (i) the lagged daily return of sectoral indices; (ii) the lagged standard deviation of sectoral indices; and (iii) the Air Quality Index (AQI). The sample period of this study covered from 5 July 2019 to 8 April 2022. The findings showed that the lagged daily return only significantly affected the daily return of few sectors. Meanwhile, the lagged standard deviation significantly affected the daily return of all the sectoral indices, but not under all the market conditions. The lagged AQI and AQI also significantly affected the daily return of eight sectors, which included finance, property, construction, healthcare, technology, energy, utilities, and consumer sectors. Hence, investors need to observe the changes in the air pollution level and market conditions when making investment decision. These findings could help investors in identifying the environmental factors that need to be considered before investing in the stocks of particular sectors.


Malaysia had launched the National Education Blueprint (Higher Education) 2015-2025 aimed to improve higher education. There are six learner's aspirations that have been identified to promote excellence in higher education. The blueprint aimed to develop the attributes of students and graduates in line with the world of 21st century education. One of the attributes that have been emphasized is Creative Problem-Solving (CPS) skills. CPS skills refer to the ability of individuals to solve problems through the development of creative and brilliant ideas. Thus, this paper will present the concept of creative problem-solving skills among university students. Furthermore, this paper will describe the issues and challenges in creative problem solving and the factors that influence this skill. Additionally, a review of creative problem solving (CPS) skills theory is proposed to understand the information processing in order to approach the problemcreatively among students and university lecturers. Therefore, this paper will provide inputs to empowering students and higher institution for creative problem-solving skills.


The results of numerical simulation using Ansys Fluent software of the droplets trajectories formed during the atomization of water-coal fuel (WCF) using pneumatic mechanical nozzles are presented. The trajectories of two qualitatively different systems are modeled: coal "particle droplets" and water-coal droplets. It is found that the trajectories of moving "particle droplets" and WCF droplets in the vortex chamber have the form of spirals, while the residence time of burning "particle droplets" and WCF droplets in the furnace is proportional to their diameter, which makes it possible to ensure their near-complete burnout.


In this paper, a qualitative consequence assessment method for damaged urban natural gas pipelines is proposed. It focuses on identifying reputation loss factors according to stakeholders' (investors, customers, employees, and communities) perceptions. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method is applied to prioritize these factors. Results show that the loss of customer confidence ranks as the highest contributor to an operator's reputation loss due to a pipeline accident. Thus, better risk assessment of pipeline damage due to corrosion will be achieved with the inclusion of reputation loss in the consequence assessment. Hence, decision making in pipeline repair, inspection, and maintenance can be improved as well as a company's annual profit margin.


Subtitle: While not exactly drowning in red ink, many global 3PL players are hoping that they can stay afloat until the demand (and debt) cycle makes its full turn. Here are some of the current trends in the 3PL market that shippers need to understand heading into 2010.


In communities on the central coast of Venezuela, massive poisonings occur that cause fish mortality and effects on the health of people and domestic animals. To understand the dynamics of these phenomena, it is necessary to know the community structure of phytoplankton during events. With the support of the community, samples of phytoplankton were collected during three massive poisonings that occurred in 2010, 2014 and 2015. And also, physicochemical variables of the water were determined. As a result, a diverse community was obtained with the presence of diatoms, dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria, and euglenophytes with significant differences in the composition in each event. However, in the three massive poisonings, an overgrowth of dinoflagellates of the genus Ostreopsis coincides, accompanied by the euglenophyte Eutreptiella gymnastica, which are widely known for their toxic effects on algal blooms when they reach densities greater than 1,000 cell/liter. When comparing these conditions with those in which there is no intoxication, it can be seen that the proportion of the density of Ostreopsis spp with respect to the rest of the dinoflagellates exceeds 50%, which could serve as an indicator during harmful algal blooms of these species.


We prove an $L^{p}$ estimate $$ \|e^{-itL} \varphi(L)f\|_{p}\lesssim (1+|t|)^s\|f\|_p,
\qquad t\in \mathbb{R}, \qquad
s=n\left|\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{p}\right| $$ for the Schr\"odinger group generated by a semibounded, selfadjoint operator $L$ on a metric measure space $\mathcal{X}$ of homogeneous type (where $n$ is the doubling dimension of $\mathcal{X}$). The assumptions on $L$ are a mild $L^{p_{0}}\to L^{p_{0}'}$ smoothing estimate and a mild $L^{2}\to L^{2}$ off--diagonal estimate for the corresponding heat kernel $e^{-tL}$. The estimate is uniform for $ \varphi$ varying in bounded sets of $\mathscr{S}(\mathbb{R})$, or more generally of a suitable weighted Sobolev space. We also prove, under slightly stronger assumptions on $L$, that the estimate extends to $$
\|e^{-itL} \varphi(\theta L)f\|_{p}\lesssim (1+\theta^{-1}|t|)^s\|f\|_p,
\qquad \theta>0, \quad t\in \mathbb{R}, $$ with uniformity also for $\theta$ varying in bounded subsets of $(0,+\infty)$. For nonnegative operators uniformity holds for all $\theta>0$.


Psychosocial factors have been advanced as an explanation for the development of chronic disability in 20 to 30% of patients treated by lumbar disc surgery.
Aims: The overall aim of this thesis was ...


In dealing with custody and access matters and, perhaps, issues of property as well as principle relief, sexual behaviour is not likely to be wholly irrelevant. It is the purpose of this article to examine the Australian case law in order to see how far the courts will, or will not, take sexual behaviour into account when making decisions under this no-fault legislation.


After surgical treatment for locally advanced oral tumors with resection of soft tissues, mucosal membrane, and facial skeletal structures, there are penetration combined defects, removal of which is a challenge for reconstructive surgeons. Mandibular repair is one of the problems in the correction of combined oral defects. Surgeons use different grafts to remove mandibular defects. One-flap transplantation does not always solve all reconstruction problems and ensure the repair of the mucosal membrane, a soft-tissue component, skin integuments, and facial skeleton. The authors describe a clinical case of successful single-stage correction of penetration combined orofacial defect after resection of the tongue, mouth floor, en bloc resection of the lower jaw and mental soft tissues, bilateral cervical supramyochoroidal lymphadenectomy, stage LCL CM mandibular defect formation after J. Boyd, by using two microsurgical autografts (a peroneal skin-muscle-skin autograft and a radial skin-fascia one) in a 39-year-old female patient clinically diagnosed with carcinoma of the left mandibular alveolar ridge mucosa, Stage IVA (T4аN0M0). The Department of Microsurgery, P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Ministry of Health of Russia, has gained experience in comprehensively correcting extensive combined maxillofacial defects with two or more grafts in 27 patients who underwent autografting with a total of 73 flaps. The most functionally incapacitating and life-incompatible defect was removed at Stage 1 of reconstructive treatment. Delayed reconstruction was made after a complex of specialized antitumor therapy and assessment of treatment results in the absence of progressive growth. A great problem during multi-stage defect correction is presented by the lack of recipient vessels after cervical lymphadenectomy, the presence of soft tissue scar changes, trismus, temporomandibular joint ankylosis, contractures and displacement of the edges of the resected mandible, and autografting into the chronically infected area. Single-stage repair, including that using a few microsurgical autografts, is the operation of choice for adequate anatomic and functional rehabilitation, permits the promptest recovery of patients, reduces a postoperative period, and allows them to undergo an antitumor treatment cycle. However, the repair is possible, when the risk of disease progression is low, in specialized centers and when there are trained head and neck surgery and reconstructive microsurgery specialists and anesthesiologists.


This is a co-authored introduction to the edited book Manifesto Now! The introduction provides an in-depth discussion of the notion of the contemporary manifesto in the context of existing literature on the 'golden age' of the manifesto - Modernism. The introduction argues that contemporary artists and philosophers are increasingly (re)turning to the manifesto as a form, including exploring the notion of performance and activism as forms of manifesto in their own right.


This article summarizes our effort, since 2004 up to the present time, for improving the current industrial Systems-on-Chip and Embedded Systems design by joining the capabilities of the unified modeling language (UML) and SystemC/C programming languages to operate at system-level. The proposed approach exploits the OMG model-driven architecture—a framework for Model-driven Engineering—capabilities of reducing abstract, coarse-grained and platform-independent system models to fine-grained and platform-specific models. We first defined a design methodology and a development flow for the hardware, based on a SystemC UML profile and encompassing different levels of abstraction. We then included a multithread C UML profile for modelling software applications. Both SystemC/C profiles are consistent sets of modelling constructs designed to lift the programming features (both structural and behavioral) of the two coding languages to the UML modeling level. The new codesign flow is supported by an environment, which allows system modeling at higher abstraction levels (from a functional executable level to a register transfer level) and supports automatic code-generation/back-annotation from/to UML models.


     , a long queue of young women wearing blue striped dresses and spotless aprons proceeds up the aisle to take their seats at the front. One of them mounts the podium with her head bowed. An older woman dressed all in white takes one of the dozens of small white headdresses on a table in front of her, and solemnly places it on the young woman's head. One by one, the young women enact this ritual, after which they together recite a pledge to "pass our lives in purity and to practice our profession faithfully." These young women are student nurses who have survived a grueling six-month probation and have earned the right to wear the precious nurse's cap, placed on their heads by the director of nursing. The nurse's cap is one of the most evocative garments ever associated with an occupational group. Worn for over one hundred years, it has inspired poems and folklore, pride and sometimes loathing, as well as its own rituals such as the capping ceremony. This paper will explore this familiar, but curious, headwear by tracing the sources and development of its design, its materials and maintenance, and its highly symbolic role in defining rank and identity, as well as its professional rites of passage. The focus will be on nursing in Canada, but within the context of its antecedents and parallels in Europe and the United States. How did nurses come to wear a small piece of folded white cloth on their heads? For those of us born before nurses began to don scrubs, this was just what nurses wore; the look was naturalized, not questioned. But decoding this unique object can reveal much about the ethos of nursing.2 Tracking the changing design and messages of the cap illuminates the development of the nursing profession and women's role within it. Nurses' caps and uniforms are particularly suited to revealing the construction of a unique ideal of femininity within the masculine structure of the hospital. As this ideal was challenged later in the twentieth century by a restructuring of nurse training, the women's movement, and the entry of The Nurse's Cap and its Rituals


This article deals with the legal liability of collective person in the age of globalization. It touches the problem of the "person" in such fields as law, philosophy and sociology. The article presents the influence of globalisation on identity and the question of individualisation. Identity is defined as a process of internal and external adjustment. The processes of globalisation may contribute to the loss of cultural identity. The diverse nature of globalisation has given rise to new identities. Concurrently, the article also presents the challenges posed by globalisation, for instance: identity and freedom of individualisation versus community and belonging. The author aims to make a short analysis according to the liability of collective persons throughout the history of civil and criminal law.


Mao Zedong's idea of opening to the outside world developed from the idea of doing business with foreign countries to that of introducing foreign capital and encouraging foreigners to initiate enterprises in ChinaIn a word,Mao Zedong raised a call:Learning from foreign countriesMao Zedong's idea of opening to the outside world was not implemented because of the economic blockade,embargo and encirclement of the New China by imperialist countries led by the USA,because of the broke-off of-the Sino-Russian relationship in the early 1960s and even because of the serious Left mistakes made by Mao Zedong in his late life


An unusually severe freezing rain and snow disaster of continuous low temperature covered a wide range of southern China in early 2008. This caused significant loss to human's work and life, especially on forests. There are many studies focusing on damaged forest ecosystems. This research project searched out and summarized all the relevant research information about the effects of freezing rain and snow disasters on forests, to discuss the connection between damage impacts and the elements of weather sever-ity, site conditions, tree characteristics and stand characteristics. The project also researched the recovery and reconstruction rates of forests from freezing rain and snow disasters. Compared to existing researches, we found their shortages on depth and orientation. Then the article put forward several recommendations to help with future research.


Unemployment among school leavers and graduates of tertiary institutions have been a bane causing death of marketable skills and skills mismatch in Nigeria, besides restiveness and other social vices. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have been increasingly promoted as a key solution for comprehensive development, poverty alleviation and the empowerment of historically disadvantaged groups. ICT-based business initiatives have been hailed as "potential goldmines; hence the need for acquisition of functional and marketable skills, especially in ICT and related modern skills, becomes indisputably imperative. The benefits have far-reaching consequences for the economic and social development of a country, as ICT businesses can foster new avenues for education, communication and information sharing; increased productivity and speed of work; improved accuracy as computers tend to make fewer mistakes than humans; faster communication; and savings in labour costs since fewer workers may be required. This paper, motivated by the potentially powerful role that ICTs can play in the empowerment of the unemployed, poor and underdeveloped individuals in Nigeria, is an attempt to suggest possible ICT initiatives that can be used to create self-sustainable enterprises and entrepreneurs. It is anticipated that the insights developed in this study would be useful both for purposes of policy formulation and effective programme- and self- development.


In previous studies, the authors have shown that successful modular construction depends on using the correct types of joint connections. In this experimental study, steel beam–column joint connections were shown to be very efficient in facilitating the construction of modular frames while ensuring sufficient flexural moment capacity at the joints to resist lateral loads. This research also included an investigation of the behavior, the crack pattern, and the flexural moment capacity of concrete columns with hybrid composite joints by means of structural experiments on three specimens. Three column specimens were subjected to cyclic loading under displacement control using an oil jack. The influence of including steel sections at the beam–column joint upon the flexural moment capacity of the column was studied, and the use of concrete–steel hybrid composite joints was found to increase the flexural structural performance of the concrete columns. The flexural moment capacity in the maximum load limit state of a concrete column with steel joints was 43.2% greater than that of a conventional reinforced concrete column without steel joints. The steel section in the joint was found to greatly contribute to the flexural moment capacity and to the modular construction technologies.


An apparatus and a method for providing additional information about a broadcasting program and a mobile information communication terminal are provided to transmit a sound of a program which is being broadcasted through various media through the information communication terminal and conveniently receive the additional information associated with the broadcasting program without complex key operation. A program storing unit(21) receives and stores broadcasting programs broadcasted according to broadcasting channels. A database unit stores and manages electronic program guide provided from a plurality of broadcasting systems and additional information associated with the broadcasting programs. A wireless transmitting and receiving unit(22) transmits and receives signals to and from a mobile information communication terminal through a wireless communication network by wireless. An audio encoding unit(23) encodes an audio signal received from the mobile information communication terminal through the wireless transmitting and receiving unit. The audio signal is a broadcasting sound of a broadcasting medium received through a microphone of the mobile information communication terminal according to the request of a user. A channel search unit(24) mutually compares the audio signal encoded in the audio encoding unit with the broadcasting programs stored in the program storing unit, and searches an identical channel. An additional information search unit(25) searches additional information associated with a program which is being broadcasted from the channel searched in the channel search unit by referring to the EPG, and transmits the searched information to the mobile information communication terminal through the wireless transmitting and receiving unit.


Hair dye poisoning has been emerging as one of the important causes of intentional self harm in the developing countries like India. Hair dyes and their ingredients have moderate to low acute toxicity. Contact sensitisation to hair dyes has been a safety issue, mainly as a consequence of unprotected professional exposure. Although the use of hair dyes has dramatically increased in industrialize d countries during the last decades, the prevalence of sensitisation to hair dyes in the general and professional populations has stabilized or declined. In vitro genotoxicity tests on hair dye ingredients frequently had positive results, although their correlation with in vivo carcinogenicity for the chemical class of oxidative hair dye ingredients (aromatic amines) is uncertain. Positive in vivo genotoxicity results on hair dyes are rare. Studies in man found no evidence of genotoxic effects of hair dyes or their ingredients. On the basis of mechanistic studies, some in vivo positive hair dye ingredients (p-amino phenol, Lawson) have been shown to pose no or negligible risk to human health. Although a recent casecontrol epidemiology study suggested an association of hair dye use and bladder cancer, a number of other studies, including prospective investigations on large populations, found no or negative correlations for bladder or other cancers. Although in vivo topical carcinogenicity studies on hair dye ingredients or commercial formulations yielded no evidence for systemic toxicity or carcinogenicity, oral carcinogenicity studies on hair dye ingredients at oral doses up to the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) suggested that some ingredients are carcinogenic in rodents. Human systemic exposure to various 14C-labelled oxidative hair dyes under conditions of use was below 1.0% of the amount applied. Conservative risk assessments suggested no or negligible cancer risk, including for ingredients that were found to be positive in oral carcinogenicity studies. In conclusion, the weight of evidence suggests that consumer or professional exposure to hair dyes poses no carcinogenic or other human health risks.


Abstract The light use efficiency (LUE) approach is a well-established method for estimating gross primary productivity (GPP) over large areas using Earth observation data. The present study aims to determine maximum light use efficiency (LUEmax) values specific to the northwest Himalayan foothills of India. It also aims to estimate the spatio-temporal variability of GPP from 2001 to 2020 using remote sensing data in combination with eddy covariance data in the LUE-based model. The model was parameterized using different sets of default and calculated parameters. The study showed that the use of PFT-specific LUEmax and temperatures increased the accuracy of the model predictions. On validation, the LUE-based model predicted GPP showed R2 = 0.82 for moist deciduous and R2 = 0.83 for dry deciduous PFTs. The study revealed that with rigorous model parameterization, RS data can be used in an LUE-based model to achieve accurate spatio-temporal estimates of GPP.


Gibberellic acid-treated Napoleon' sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruit were firmer but lost more weight during brining than nontreated fruit. GA 3 treatment delayed fruit softening, thereby extending the harvest period. Mean fruit weight was increased by GA 3 only in fruit harvested at a more mature state. GA 3 delayed soluble solids accumulation in one of two years


Matured African catfish (Heterobranchus bidorsalis), size ranging from 1.40-2.00 kg average total body weight (TBW) and mean length 44.50 cm were procured from a private fish farm and transported in perforated 50 litre water holding capacity jerry can to the hatchery and maintained for 2 weeks. They were fed with 40% crude protein commercial diet with good water quality management before being used for breeding. Incision at variation length 2.50, 3.40 and 4.00 cm were made on the abdominal region (gonad position) of the male spawners after anaesthetic treatment using sterilized surgical instrument to extract milt to fertilize egg. The incised position was sutured using simple interrupted suture pattern with catgut chromic 2/0 stitch. The spent spawners after operation survived on gradual healing and recuperation within 14 days postsurgery. Fecundity, volume of milt extracted, percentage fertility and hatching differed significantly (P<0.05) among treatments. Treatment 3 (3.40 cm) was the most effective incision length that gave best results in term of percentage hatching (92.04), weight gain (28.37), specific growth rate (2.36) and Original Research Article Yisa et al.; AJEA, 10(2): 1-7, 2016; Article no.AJEA.20510 2 percentage survival (68.77±4.224) of the bred hatchlings as compared to other treatments. The male spawners of H. bidorsalis could be incised (cut) on abdominal region (gonad position) at length of 3.40 cm to effectively extract milt to fertilize egg without adverse effect on the fish to enhance fingerling production.


Due to the explosive growth of electronically stored information, automatic methods must be developed to maintain and use this abundance of information effectively. In particular, the sheer volume of redundancy present must be dealt with, leaving only the information-rich data to be processed. This paper presents a novel approach of attribute reduction based on attribute similarity, to greatly reduce this data redundancy. The work is applied to the quantitative computation of reservoir parameter, considerably reducing dimensionality with minimal loss of information. Experimental results show that the method used in this paper is not only more powerful but also finer than the conventional rough set-based approach, and it has high fitting precision and quick rate of convergence


The outstanding but controversial position of Wilhelm Ostwald as a scientist and philosopher was highlighted exhaustively last year, in this journal among others, to mark the 150th anniversary of his birth. Yet among the many diverse activities Ostwald engaged in during his life, his artistic work and its impact on his philosophical ideas has generally been overlooked. During his scientific life, and especially after his formal retirement in 1906, he dedicated much time and energy to artistic endeavors. His favorite leisure activities were painting, playing the viola, and writing poetry. But Ostwald)s interest in the arts was not incidental to his scientific and philosophical theories; rather, the two were interwoven. This is particularly evident in his work on color, which exerted a marked influence on the industry and fine art of his own period. Little has been said about the interaction of Ostwald)s ideas with fine art, and here we hope to close this gap somewhat by describing an historically rare mutual concordance between science and the arts, in which Ostwald and the personalities of the Bauhaus school of art, architecture, and design appear as the main actors.


One sphere in which corrosion has presented little or no problem is that of bright anodized exterior trim on motor vehicles. A brief survey is made in this paper of the principal aluminium alloys used for this purpose, the nature of the anodizing process, and methods used for quality control.The excellent service performance is a result of the use of high-purity materials coupled with the extreme care and cleanliness required at all stages of production and fabrication to produce materials of anodizing quality. Reference is also made to maintenance, design, fixing, and painting of anodized trim.


To explore the relation between the Cognitive Assessment System(CAS) and the Wechsler intelligence scale for testing children,WISC-CR and CAS are taken in survey on 37 mildly retarded children.The results show that there is no significant difference in full score between WISC-CR and CAS;the correlation is coefficient between CAS full score and FIQ,VIQ,PIQ of WISC-CR;planning and attention are the weakest link in the four cognitive processes for MMR;with multivariate stepwise regression analysis,CAS full score may predict the learning achievement.The conclusion is that CAS can reflect intelligence level of MMR,and it provides the research on intelligence test with a brand-new angle.


The invention provides a split plate for casting an aluminum alloy composite round ingot blank. The split plate comprises a split plate body and at least three split openings formed in the split plate body, wherein the split plate body is round or square and is made of fire-resistant heat insulating materials. The split plate is matched with a round ingot crystallizer and has a hot top effect simultaneously, so that the heat gradient of aluminum liquid in the crystallizer in all directions can be distributed consistently, and the aluminum alloy composite round ingot blank is ensured to be cast smoothly.


Rural tourism is a special cultural form which is based on the intrinsic value factors of general culture and acts on the life process of tourism relying on the elements of tourists. It is the sum of material civilization and spiritual civilization in the process of tourism. Tourism is the embodiment of human civilization, a cultural activity in a broad sense, a consumption of culture and a creation of culture. In the construction of Liuzhou Junwu Forest Park tourism culture, the perfect combination of folk culture and forest culture of Miao, Yi and Yao nationalities, and the characteristics of rural tourism areas with forest ecological culture, folk culture and food culture as the core.


Results of the study on the best charge length of enriched fuel to be used in the reactors Indicate that with the present quality of fuel elements there is no economic incentive to change the charge lengths from those currently being used. The expected returns for operating D and C reactors at optimum conditions with different length enriched fuel charges are given in figures. Detailed results from calculations concerning the other reactors would also exhibit similar trends.


This article examines the pedagogic vacuum in media education in Malaysia where critical inquiry has been made subservient to the acquisition of technical skills. It suggests that vocational oriented communication courses should engage in constructing alternative representations, meaning and values so that what is experienced by the students and the community is a mutual educative process of participatory communication.


Graphene, which is a layer of carbon atoms in a hexagonal lattice, has been reported to have excellent mechanical, electrical, thermal, and gas barrier properties. One of the most widely used applications of graphene is graphene-polymer composites, which are one of the most promising solutions, since highly functional materials can be produced with a small amount graphene flakes incorporated in a lightweight polymer matrix. Graphene-polymer composites have been investigated for various types of applications such as thermal interface materials, electromagnetic interference shielding materials, gas sensor materials, and gas barrier materials.


We carried out a nondeterministic analysis of flow in a fluidized bed. The flow in the fluidized bed is simulated with National Energy Technology Laboratory's open-source multiphase fluid dynamics suite MFiX. It does not possess tools for uncertainty quantification. Therefore, we developed a C++ wrapper to integrate an uncertainty quantification toolkit developed at Sandia National Laboratory with MFiX. The wrapper exchanges uncertain input parameters and key output parameters among Dakota and MFiX. However, a data-driven framework is also developed to obtain reliable statistics as it is not feasible to get them with MFiX integrated into Dakota, Dakota-MFiX. The data generated from Dakota-MFiX simulations, with the Latin Hypercube method of sampling size 500, is used to train a machine-learning algorithm. The trained and tested deep neural network algorithm is integrated with Dakota via the wrapper to obtain low order statistics of the bed height and pressure drop across the bed.


Glomus jugulare tumours are the commonest example of the otherwise rare group of tumours (paragangliomas) arising from chemoreceptor areas of the carotid body, jugular bulb, and promontory of the middle ear. They generally arise from the dome of the jugular bulb and are usually slowly growing benign tumours that penetrate the surrounding structures.Typically these tumours cause dysfunction of the lower four cranial nerves and the ear (jugular foramen syndrome). The signs and symptoms are well documented in several studies (Cole, 1977; Ghan et at, 1983). Facial nerve involvement is usually late. We report a case where the tumour presented solely as a facial palsy.


Drug delivery systems are now designed to achieve prolonged therapeutic effect by continuously releasing medication over an extended period of time after administration of a single dose. Copolymer of maleic anhydride withmethyl methacrylate was synthesised and used as binder for paracetamol tablets. The effect of this polymeric binder on physical properties of the resulting tablets was studied. The in vitro drug release was studied over different pH by following the elution of paracetamol from the copolymer matrix into buffer solution at regular time intervals using Spectronic 21 UV/VIS spectrophotometer at 43 nm. A mathematical model for predicting the dissolution time for variation in binder concentration and dissolution medium pH for the given system was developed. This paper describes the mathematical model for predicting the release profile for an extended release paracetamol under effect of change in binder concentration and pH of dissolution medium.


The water samples were collected from farmland ditches in the suburban mixed area near to Caohai natural reserve for the investigation of nitrogen and phosphorus contents as well as their distributive characteristics.The results showed that the concentration of TN NH4+-N and TP were 3.30 ~ 14.35(7.06 ± 2.44) mg / L,0.05 ~ 11.92(3.77 ± 2.72) mg / L and 0.06 ~ 2.97(0.49 ± 0.39) mg / L,respectively,in the water of farmland ditches,and the average values were worse than that of grade Ⅴ water,which was chiefly ascribed to the direct discharge of sewage.Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations differed depending on the distances between sampling sites and the city,and the cause for the quality variation of ditch water was also due to the pollution source.Farmland ditches might retain nitrogen and phosphorus,and the retention rates of farmland ditches for TN,NH4+-N and TP were 25.2%,53.8% and 14.3%,respectively.


The synthesis of substituted metallophthalocyanines bearing phenoxyacetamide moieties was achieved by cyclotetramerization of 1,2-bis(phenoxyacetamide)-4,5-dicyanobenzene in the presence of metal (Zn (4), Mg (5), Ni (6)) salts. These compounds were purified by several techniques such as crystallization, column chromatography, and wash with different solvents. The new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR, and UV-Vis spectral data. The ground-state geometries of the complexes were optimized using density functional theory (DFT) methods at B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level. The results of thermal analysis of novel phthalocyanines 4–6 have also been reported herein.


By using the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) framework, this study aims to investigate the factors that influence the usage intention of e-wallet applications, especially LinkAja, to make payments in today's digital era. Through the data collection process carried out by surveying 100 respondents, the results found show that the technological innovativeness (IT) variable can indirectly affect usage intention through the variable perceived ease of use and perceived playfulness, besides that it was also found that the variable perceived ease of use (PEU) and perceived playfulness (PP) has a positive effect on usage intention. By investigating digital payments using e-wallets as a means of transactions, this study is expected to contribute to the development of the LinkAja application as one of the largest e-wallet companies in Indonesia, because the digital economy is one of the stimuli that could support the economic development of a country. In addition, the digitization of monetary transactions around the world is also a major factor requiring the use of e-wallets by the public, thereby increasing the number of users in the future. This research is certainly quite important to do because it is hoped that it can add insight to the public about the LinkAja e-wallet and also help the LinkAja company to find out what things affect people's intentions to use LinkAja as their e-wallet so that the company can adjust its development. going forward with variables that do affect the desire to use LinkAja.


The problem statement of multi-objective optimization problem ( MOP) is firstly presented.The goals of problem solving are to guide the search process towards the global Pareto-optimal region and maintain population diversity in the Pareto-optimal front.After reviewing MOP techniques using genetic algorithm (GA) ,two methods are presented and compared.The frameworks of these methods are introduced.And lastly,two practical examples are carried out.The results show that: (1) the drawbacks of weighted sum approach using GA for Pareto set generation is observed,and (2) Multi-objective genetic algorithm have the advantages of the diversity of population and the uniform spread of Pareto-optimal solutions.


Summary The effect of biological pretreatment of sisal with several white rot fungi on the energy consumption in refining and on the mechanical properties of the pulps was evaluated in this investigation. Improvements were realized in all the mechanical properties (22–66 %) and a reduction in the energy consumption of > 39% was realized for the treated pulps with the different fungi. The best strength improvement and energy reduction results overall were obtained with the white-rot fungus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. The incubation time was optimized for this fungus with the optimum mechanical properties obtained with a two week treatment time.


Mining industry activity has a positive and negative impacts on life.The positive impacts of the mine are to meet the needs of industry, energy and other things that are important to life. However, on the other hand, mining activities will lead to land degradation. The mining site needs major attention due to environmental damage caused. In addition to causing erosion and sedimentation, mining activities can lead to increase of heavy metal content in soils potentially entering the aquatic environment, decreasing the quantity and quality of water. Therefore, a repair or rehabilitation effort on post mining land is needed so as not to cause sustained damage.PT Bukit Asam in Muara Enim regency is one of the largest mining and mineral resource company in Indonesia. Recovery of land in PTBA is done by utilizing ex-mining land as urban forest as well as to increase recreation facilities in Muara Enim community.This study uses a data collection technique including field observations, interviews, documents review, narratives and questionnaires. The analysis used in the study include the analysis of natural physical conditions, users, activities and space requirements, site analysis, infrastructure analysis and Urban Forest Canopy Concepts. The results of this study are Urban Forest Park designs by applying Urban Forest Canopy Concepts.


Abstract Adhesion loss caused by salt corrosion is proposed to occur by the following process: 1) During a salt corrosion test, the NaCl solution rises in the cavity located at the steel-cord center. 2) An electrochemical oxygen concentration cell is formed. 3) OH− is produced by the reduction of oxygen. 4) An increase of the NaOH concentration causes the reverse of ion tendency between brass and steel. 5) Dezincification and dissolution of brass take place in the brass plating. The same process also occurs in the corrosion of a bare brass plated steel cord immersed in NaCl solution. Compounds containing cobalt stearate and a compound free from cobalt show adhesion deterioration by the process described above. Many other cobalt salts suppress the corrosion of brass in NaCl solution. At the same time, the underlying steel changes to become ignoble compared with brass, leading to the production of a large amount of rust. In view of the above considerations, it is desirable to remove the cavity located at th...


Resources related to remote sensing data, computing and models are scattered all over the world. On-demand computing for disaster monitoring applications with remote sensing data begins with modelling. In order to achieve an integrated description process based on modelling, management, and distributed computing, this paper researches on discovering and analyzing the computational characteristics among a wide variety of disaster monitoring algorithms and proposes a hierarchical mapping approach to a model description. Finally, an example is given to explain the description process of this method proposed.


In recent work, various scholars have suggested that large language models can be construed as input-driven theories of language acquisition. In this paper, we propose a way to test this idea. As we will document, there is good reason to think that processing pressures override input at an early point in linguistic development, creating a temporary but sophisticated system of negation with no counterpart in caregiver speech. We go on to outline a (for now) thought experiment involving this phenomenon that could contribute to a deeper understanding both of human language and of the language models that seek to simulate it.


Neodymium-doped zinc oxide (NZO) thin films were deposited on glass substrates by spray pyrolysis technique. X-ray diffraction patterns have shown that both undoped and Nd-doped ZnO films exhibit the hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure with a preferential orientation along (0 0 2) direction. The effective doping concentration has been determined by Rutherford backscattering measurements show- ing that the neodymium is not incorporated easily into ZnO host matrix. The surface roughness was shown to increase with Nd doping. NZO films are highly transparent in the visible region. The lowest electrical resistivity value of about 4.0 10 �2 Ω cm was obtained for 1% Nd effective doping.


A finite strip analysis of sandwich wood panels is presented. The panels consist of upper and lower plates stiffened by beams (joists) in one direction only. The analysis considers a Fourier series expansion in the stiffeners' direction and a polynomial finite element approximation i n the direction normal to the stiffeners. The number of degrees of freedom is 34, which includes also the lateral and torsional deformation of the joists. This permits consideration of the effect of joist bridging on the maximum deflection and bending stresses. A maximum of 20 joists per panel can be analysed. The modulus of elasticity(E) of the joists may be selected randomly from a distribution, and controlled to be within a given range. The upper and lower plates may possess orthotropic properties. Nails connect the plates to the joists. Nai l ing may be considered either as a continuous or as discrete connectors. The loading may be in the form of an uniformly distributed load spread over the entire panel or over a maximum of 20 smaller (concentrated) areas of the top plate. Numerical investigations have been carried out to verify the program. Parametric studies have been done to understand the behavior of the model. Lastly, the formula for shear lag given by C S A Standard CAN3-086.1-M84 is checked against the shear lag obtained from the current computer program.


Two new state-of-the-art galleries at the MFA opening later this year will house over 800 objects from the Museum's world renowned collection of Classical art.


Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Short- and long-term effects of GDM on both mother and child depend on the severity of the condition and blood sugar level. Currently, relatively standardized guidance on management of GDM in China has greatly improved maternal and infant outcomes. Moreover, standardized postpartum management and monitoring are also essential for the prevention of long-term complications in this population. The guidelines issued by America Diabetes Association (ADA) and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) in 2018 recommended that GDM patients should be followed up at 4-12 weeks postpartum for a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. For those who is normal at the first postpartum follow up, it is necessary to have their blood glucose tested once every 1-3 years. However, for those who is abnormal, medication should also be initiated when necessary in addition to more frequent follow-ups and nutritional intervention and physical exercise.

Key words:
Diabetes, gestational; Postpartum period; Follow-up studies; Patient care management


REFERENCES  Parkinson's disease (PD) impacts executive and motor function1. Walking requires executive function and attention2, but performing a secondary task while walking (i.e., dual-tasking) can impact the performance on one or both tasks3.  Locomotor function is reflected in stride-to-stride fluctuations, notably by the amplitude (coefficient of variation) 4 and the temporal organization (scaling exponent α-DFA) 5 of stride time intervals.  Primary aim: To determine the effect of an attentiondemanding task on gait variability in people with PD. METHODS


Elderly people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are considered at heightened risk to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). This research was an attempt to develop an AD diagnostic tool under a hypothesis: Mirror Neuron System (MNS) decreases its function due to the disease pathology. Nowadays, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an effective tool for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. However, it is very hard to detect the disease in patients without pathological symptoms or in early stages. Therefore, this research aims to extend the use of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to study the functional connectivity among brain regions and effects of stimuli through modeling neuronal interactions from fMRI time-series using Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) method. Objectives were to build model of brain regions in three groups (20 normal control, 5 MCI, 7 AD: matched by age 60-70 years old) and investigate connectivity changes from all groups. All 32 subjects were MRI scanned with visual stimuli to study a functional MNS network. Results revealed major activated areas including precentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, inferior occipital gyrus, and supplementary motor area. Moreover, results from DCM analyses showed functional connectivity at all connections were different in all groups and significantly different in inferior occipital gyrus to precentral gyrus and inferior occipital gyrus to SMA. The connection strength of normal group was stronger than those of MCI and AD groups. With further larger group study, the DCM connection strength information may be helpful in evaluating the memory impairment state allowing physicians to detect the diseases in early states, and then intervening the memory deterioration. Manuscript received on July 26, 2014 ; revised on November 25, 2014. 1Advanced Diagnostic Imaging Center (AIMC) and the Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. email: email@example.com 2 Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand.


This study presents the recovery patterns of COVID-19 patients in the Philippines using survival analysis in the multiple decrement setting. A total of 152,203 patients during the period January to December 2021 were included in the study. Data processing using Python and exploratory data analysis were employed. Probabilities were obtained using basic actuarial principles on two decrements: recovery and death. Kaplan-Meier estimation was then applied to obtain estimates of the survival function. The average length of treatment before recovery and death was also obtained. Results showed that older patients have higher risk of dying from COVID-19 compared to younger patients. While infection is higher among female population, the risk of death is higher among male patients. Based on the survival rates, the probabilities of recovery are highest during the 3rd week from onset of symptoms and the average length of treatment before recovery is determined to be 6 days.


In at least one embodiment, one and the expansion chamber, at least one through vortex leading to one of the disk pack turbine having a plurality of discharge ports to a single discharge chamber communicating with the discharge port of water of one to filter system and method is provided. In yet one embodiment, the system includes one suction module, one vortex modules, one disk pack turbine modules, and one motor for driving the disk pack turbine. Suction module supplies water to the system, and sends the vortex module to increase the water to swirl flowing in at least one disc pack turbine to discharge into a single discharge chamber connected to the discharge port. Disc pack turbine includes a plurality of disks that are spaced apart to form a plurality of chambers between the plurality of disks for providing at least one path between the expansion chamber and the discharge chamber. .Field


Injections of progesterone were given to ewes to suppress ovarian cycles; pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (pms) was administered within 2 days of the final injection of progesterone. Oestrus, numbers of ovulations and follicle growth were observed during the week following treatment. In some experiments, ewes were mated to fertile rams and fertility and fecundity were recorded. Experiments were carried out at different stages of the breeding season. Relationships between methods of suppression of ovarian cycles (dose and frequency of injections of progesterone) and methods of ovarian stimulation (dose and time of administration of pms in relation to the final progesterone injection) for each of the responses were examined. The most important finding was that for comparable dosage levels of pms, the numbers of ovulations were greater after progesterone injections on alternate days than after daily injections. Stage of the breeding season and introduction of rams influenced the results.


We propose a contraction of the de sitter quantum group leading to a Poincare quantum group in any dimensions. The method relies on the coaction of the de Sitter quantum group on a non-commutative space, and the deformation parameter q is sent to one. The bicrossproduct structure of this gamma -Poincare quantum group is exhibited and shown to be dual to the one of the kappa -Poincare Hopf algebra, at least in two dimensions.


It was Sun Tzu who wrote the classic The Art of War. Applied in the commercial sphere, it's just as effective.


The author analyses the economic characters of production function.Such as the homogeneity,skewness,and greatest value,and reveals the nature of "scale reward increase and decrease","marginal output"and "essential condition of profit maximization"etc.


Voltage source converter (VSC) based HVDC (VSC-HVDC) technology is a kind of newly developed HVDC transmission technology. Based on analyzing the fundamental functions of VSC-HVDC, a dynamic mathematic model based on energy conservation principle is developed in this paper. The process of energy conversion and dynamic operation mechanism are analyzed. Theoretical analysis and the control system are validated by simulation on software PSCAD/EMTDC


Choice of a biological indicator depends upon selecting a strain with the optimum balance of desirable properties. Screening 20 strains of Bacillus spp. for sporulation on three defined media has shown the wide variation that occurs in requirements for sporulation and properties of the resultant spores. Comparison of germination index and moist heat resistance of resultant spores suggest that a combination of high germination index, high heat resistance and linear inactivation may not be possible.


This study was conducted to determine the company's strategy in raising hotel revenue during the low season. The purpose of this research is to find out the prioritized marketing strategies during the low season. The research method of this study is a combined qualitative and quantitative method. The key respondents of 6 staffs including managers in the Sales and Marketing Department. The data analysis techniques used are Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS) and External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS), Internal-External (IE) Matrix, SWOT Analysis, and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) Analysis. The results showed that the hotel's internal and external factors were influential in increasing revenues. Based on the IFAS matrix, the main strength of the hotel is the service by prioritizing the quality of the restaurant and Spa at the hotel, the downside is not having direct access to the beach. In the EFAS matrix, it is known that one of its chances is very good internet speed and can be reached until the basement; the threat is many competitors offer cheaper room rates. The result of the IE Matrix Assessment puts the company in the position of Growth cell I (Concentration through Vertical Integration). SWOT analysis has resulted in 8 alternative marketing strategies. The main strategy with a value of TAS (Total Attractive Score) of 158.80 resulted from QSPM analysis is expanding restaurant and spa promotion through social media.


The scope of this paper is to present a systematic and versatile method, with minimal computational requirements, that incorporates the use of new electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures in stealth technology. Grounded structures are used to ensure zero transmittance resulting to angle independence of the incident radiation. A possible future realistic scenario is simulated and experimentally examined where a metallic plane is fully covered by EBG structures and the monostatic radar cross section is measured. Varying the angle of incidence from 0 ° to 90 °, it is observed that for the worst case scenario the reduction of the monostatic radar cross section (RCS) is almost 19 dB. Finally, to verify our idea, the RCS of a metallic cube also fully covered by EBG structures was examined. The assets of the proposed concept, applied to the design of different patterns, appear to be potentially beneficial for various electromagnetic interference/electromagnetic compatibility configurations.


Objective To investigate the proliferation, migration and opoptosis of endothelial cells treated by baicalein(elective inhibition of 12-LOX) in vitro.Methods The morphological changes of cell line ECV-304 from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and its apoptosis rate in sub-G1 phase were observed with invert,light electron microscope,flow cytometry,MTT assay and migration assay after treatment with or without baicalein at different concentrations.Results After treatment with baicalein at 0.1~100 μM for 1~5 d or up to 6d at 30μM,ECV-304 cells tended to elongate into a shuttle-like sparse appearance,some cells turned into degeneration and necrosis in some degree.All these alteration was in a time-and dose-dependent manner.With flow cytometry,baicalein-treated ECV-304 cells displayed cell cycle inhibition at G0/G1,especially at the 48th h.the cells in sub-G1 phase were significantly increased,and reached its peak at 12 h(10.6%)(P0.01)after baicalein treatment.The defect area in baicalein treatment group was much larger than that in control group(P0.001)in same times.Conclusion:baicalein can inhibit the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells,and induce apoptosis, and might also inhibit angiogenesis.


The existing Highway LA-1 of US is required to be replaced for covering increasing regional demands of transportation such as Hurricane evacuation and oil industry. This 28 km crosses wetlands and is a sensitive environmental area. Huge amount of soil investigation and laboratory tests were performed with best efforts to overcome inherit errors of sampling, disturbance, and testing procedures for this project. The data scattering was corrected through using central tendency theory.


ABSTRACT Building a library's collection requires more than collecting print materials and shelving them in the stacks. The growth of e-books and e-serials over the past decade has been phenomenal. Given the scope of its collection building, the Library of Congress (LOC) has been required to actively pursue the acquisition and management of e-books and e-serials in its permanent collection. This article surveys how the LOC has taken advantage of existing structures and how it has pursued new paths to succeed in this undertaking. Finally, it lays out some of the outstanding problems that the LOC faces as it attempts to build a digital equivalent to its print collection.


Ear pressure sensor partially inserted into the ear canal to detect signals from tongue movements. Credit: Vaidyanathan, et al. ©2007 IEEE. Using the pressure waves in the ear caused by tongue movements


From development through manufacturing an IP core undergoes many different stages that can affect the overall quality and characteristics of the core. When a project is slowed or halted because of a problem with the IP core then who is responsible? Is it the IP provider who provided a core that worked at delivery, the integrator that made changes as necessary or perhaps the manufacturer? This panel will explore the many possible causes of problems with an IP core, but more importantly it will examine what is being done to minimize the risk associated with third party IP and who is responsible.


The South African-German Dialogue on Science for Sustainability (D4S) between the South African Department of Science and Technology (DST) and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) was initiated in December 2007 in Pretoria, South Africa.


In wine productions, temperature control of the wine-making process and the built spaces intended for conservation and aging represents one of the main factors of energy consumption. Consequently, the rising energy costs entail a drag on competitiveness of farms. Therefore farmers and producers, as well as public institutions concerned, are interested in the research of constructive solutions and systems that maximize energy efficiency of buildings and facilities, through the optimization of the respective thermal control. This study is part of a broader research aimed at the definition of optimized buildings-design criteria for farm wineries, in terms of functional layout and energy efficiency. This research involves the evaluation of the energy performance effects of various design choices, such as location, orientation, building technologies, materials, and technical solutions. In particular, The purpose of this study is to assess the energy efficiency of different design solutions for wine storage, through digital modelling and thermal simulations. We considered a case study represented by a farm winery located in the Imola district (Emilia-Romagna, Italy), whose farmstead consists of several buildings hosting different activities of the production process: wine-making, storage, aging, commercialization, and services. During one-year period of monitoring, the outdoor climatic parameters and the indoor thermo-hygrometric data were recorded, respectively through a meteorological station located outside the winery, and data-logger sensors. The built system was surveyed and the storage building, which is the focus of this study, was modelled using Open Studio program. The numerical model was based on the definition of suitable thermal zones, i.e., volumes of air at a uniform temperature including their boundary surfaces having defined properties of heat storage and transfer. The model was integrated with the climatic parameters and the indoor thermal data, which defined the boundary conditions, and then imported into the thermal simulation program Energy Plus. This software can calculate the heating and cooling loads necessary to maintain thermal control setpoints in buildings. For this purpose, we created suitable libraries of building materials, both traditional and innovative, through the specification of the characteristics inherent to the thermal behavior (thickness, density, conductivity, and specific heat). The considered materials include cement plaster, masonry of bricks or hollow bricks, polyurethane, coniferous wood, with various geometric configurations. On the basis of the resulting models , we compared the current conditions of the building with different stratigraphic compositions of its envelope, identifying those materials which can be used as integration or replacement of the existing building envelopes, to help maintain constant levels of temperature and humidity, suitable for conservation of wine, while minimizing the energy needs. This methodology proved suitable to guide the choice of building materials and technical solutions in the design of new wine storage buildings, and in the thermal adaptation of existing ones, identifying the most energy-efficient solutions.


Objective To analyze epidemic characteristics of Meriones unguiculatus plague foci during 1969 to 2006, to provide scientific basis for plague control and prevention. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was carried out. Results There were infected rodents of 6 species, vector fleas of 3 species, mite of 1 kind, raptor of 1 kind and isolated Yersinia pestis of 321 strains. During 1969 to 2006, there were 17 year-time of plague prevalence in 4 surveillance counties, that is, 11 year-time in Yanchi county, 2 year-time in Pingluo(originally Taole County), Yinchuan and Lingwu City, respectively with the yearly positive rate of 30.56% ( χ2 = 14.61, P 0.01). Conclusions During 1987 to 2006, plague prevalence in rodents tended to increase with the highly prevalent area in Yanchi Country.


Abstract A new technique is described for estimating daily rainfall by means of visible and infrared geostationary satellite imagery. It is designed for the tropics and warm-season midlatitudes. Because it operates on a grid of points and measures time changes at these points, the technique has been named "grid history." It is assumed that at any grid point in some image belonging to a sequence, by means of spectral, textural and evolutionary information, it is possible to classify instantaneous rain rate as nil, light, moderate or heavy. Then the total rainfall over a day is the sum over three classes of the product of frequency and class average rate. The class average rates have been determined by least-squares multivariate linear regression of frequencies on observed rainfalls. The areas treated are South China Sea, India, Arabian Sea, tropical North Atlantic Ocean and Amazonia. Inland India had the lowest (driest) class average rates (coefficients), coastal India the largest (wettest) coefficients. D...


Watershed management is an age old practice in the history of India. There are evidences of watershed intervention in arid semi-arid parts of the country in different civilization in different parts of India. During British India the government took several measures based on watershed activities. However in the independent India in true sense watershed management started with the incorporation of Damodar Valley Corporation in 1950 which was inspired by the Tennese Valley Corporation of USA. As a matter of fact the government was in great concern at growing environmental degradation trends that the country was reeling with particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Subsequently government took many such measures related to watershed interventions and of course there was time to time modification of approaches and methods keeping the ever changing requirements.


Abstract Aim: Most tobacco smokers have attempted to quit smoking, but they find it challenging to succeed in these attempts. Still, some people do manage to stop. The present study was set to explore the nature of a successful quit attempt and what differentiates it from failed attempts. Methods: We used a constructivist grounded theory methodology. The constructed theory was developed from the accounts of participants' first-hand experiences of becoming a nonsmoker. Results: The theory developed in this paper uncouples the process of giving up smoking from the one of becoming a nonsmoker and it focuses on the latter. The theory also introduces the concept of 'nonsmoking' as a contextually framed and relational practice. The theory proposes that it is the practice and naturalization of nonsmoking, and not giving up smoking per se, that leads smokers to become nonsmokers. The naturalization of 'nonsmoking' is facilitated by interacting with what is here called a nonsmoking milieu, a context where nonsmoking is a normal social practice. This interaction enables processes different from giving up smoking, which in turn advance the naturalization of nonsmoking. Conclusion: The theory explains the process of becoming a nonsmoker as a relational and contextually sensitive one. It moves beyond an individual-focused understanding of the process, and underscores the benefits of reexamining assumptions embedded in how smoking cessation is commonly approached.


Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been well-recognized as one of the most common multi-resistant bacteria threatening human health. Broad-spectrum recognition of multiple MRSA strains can meet the urgent demands for efficient diagnosis and subsequent decision of relevant treatment of MRSA-induced infections. Here, recombinant cell binding domain (CBD) and green fluorescent protein-fused CBD (CBD-GFP) of MRSA bacteriophage were expressed in soluble form. Distinct from the strain-specific MRSA bacteriophage, the both recombinant CBD proteins displayed broad-spectrum recognition capability towards all five SCCmec types of MRSA. Furthermore, they did not display any lytic activity towards the host bacteria, which facilitated the capture of MRSA whole cells with ideal flexibility for downstream manipulation and tracing. To demonstrate their application potential, a flow cytometry method employing the recombinant CBD proteins as the recognition agents was established to detect MRSA within a dynamic range of 1.5 × 102 - 1.5 × 106 CFU mL-1. The method can exclude potential interference from methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus strains and other bacterial species. The recombinant CBD proteins were also successfully employed in antibiotic susceptibility testing of MRSA with a microplate-based method. The obtained results were consistent with those by the standard broth microdilution method. The satisfying results demonstrated their great application potential in clinical diagnosis and treatment of MRSA-induced infections.


Worship is a part of a people's response to God's love and grace. The home and the church become a family as the church that allows fellowship to be established in building faith and trust to the response of God's love and creation for humans and Christian teaching is carried out. Since the Covid-19 pandemic, church activities and related services must be carried out in other forms, namely by doing worship in their home and it was guided by a liturgy that has been prepared and provided by the Synod and Klasis. Worship at home by involving children who have a different character and spiritual growth based on their era. Menconi in his efforts towards an intergenerational church gave an area of service in the church, namely: Intergenerational worship which then became the writer's scalpel in analyzing research data and described qualitatively. The results of this research become a reference when the church implements worship at home during a pandemic, so the family is called the center of early education for a child and by worshiping at home, it can be said that there is a division of roles in worship together within the family. All of the families s in turn are given roles and functions to carry out the duties and responsibilities of the service. It has a positive impact where family fellowship is used as the initial basis for growth and development in ministry. The Children will understand about worship is an inseparable part of the reality of life and the challenges faced during a pandemic. This is a concern and the role of the church as an institution to assist the government in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic by reducing the number of people exposed or dying, and the church as a community remains awake and it does not eliminate the meaning of worship itself by worshiping at home.


Nowadays spontaneous coronary artery dissection is an increasingly recognized cause of an acute coronary syndrome. This article presents data on the epidemiology, predisposing factors, risk groups, factors contributing to the development of this disease. In this article we report the case of a 53-year-old woman with an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction secondary to a spontaneous dissection of the right coronary artery.


The course of establishing university dynamic packaging website was discussed including the establishing of packaging database,the linking of database,and the design of webpage.The purpose of the web development is to implement the communication between the universities with packaging program and packaging enterprises of China and provide interaction between demand and supply,thus speeding up the progress of packaging industry of our country.


Endocytosis of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) in coated pits employs the clathrin adaptor protein ARH. Similarly, agonist-dependent endocytosis of heptahelical receptors in coated pits employs the clathrin adaptor β-arrestin proteins. In mice fed a high fat diet, we found that homozygous deficiency of β-arrestin2 increased total and LDL plus intermediate-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 23 and 53%, respectively (p < 0.05), but had no effect on high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. We therefore tested whether β-arrestins could affect the constitutive endocytosis of the LDLR. When overexpressed in cells, β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 each associated with the LDLR, as judged by co-immunoprecipitation, and augmented LDLR endocytosis by ∼70%, as judged by uptake of fluorescent LDL. However, physiologic expression levels of only β-arrestin2, and not β-arrestin1, enhanced endogenous LDLR endocytosis (by 65%) in stably transfected β-arrestin1/β-arrestin2 double-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Concordantly, when RNA interference was used to suppress expression of β-arrestin2, but not β-arrestin1, LDLR endocytosis was reduced. Moreover, β-arrestin2–/– MEFs demonstrated LDLR endocytosis that was 50% less than cognate wild type MEFs. In fusion protein pull-down assays, β-arrestin2 bound to the LDLR cytoplasmic tail stoichiometrically, and binding was abolished by mutation of LDLR Tyr807 to Ala. Mutation of LDLR cytoplasmic tail Ser833 to Asp enhanced both the affinity of LDLR fusion protein binding to β-arrestin2, and the efficiency of LDLR endocytosis in cells expressing β-arrestin2 physiologically. We conclude that β-arrestin2 can bind to and enhance endocytosis of the LDLR, both in vitro and in vivo, and may thereby influence lipoprotein metabolism.


The study focused only on five local Government Areas of the State where incidents of various kinds of crime, particularly cattle herders attacks, cattle rustling, armed robbery, banditry, kidnappings and farmers-herders conflicts do occur regularly. A sample size of 18 (n-18) was determined for the study. The interview participants were recruited using the referral approach that was based on the purposive sampling technique of selecting persons with enough stock of knowledge, experience, and expertise on the topic of this study. The participants were recruited from the Nigeria Police, DSS, Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps, and community vigilante groups in Makurdi, the State capital located in Makurdi L.G.A (Benue North-west Zone) and four other Local Government Areas , namely, Agatu (Benue South zone), Logo, Kwande, and Katsina-Ala (Benue North-east zone),where all manner of criminal activities, particularly armed robbery, banditry, kidnapping, herders attacks, farmers-herdsmen clashes, and cattle rustling take place on regular basis. Data analysis was done using thematic analysis approach. Lincoln & Guba's 3-step model was applied with the aid of NVivo 11.The finding of the study was that the management of the collection/collation phase of information meant for intelligence production, including the various agents and tools used for that process (informants, surveillance, technologies (ICT), community policing, and interrogation) predisposes criminal intelligence management to be very relevant to the fight against crime. The finding of the study also showed that how the intelligence analysis phase of the intelligence production process, particularly intelligence analysis is managed makes criminal intelligence management have much relevance and implications to the fight against crime and insecurity.


We present a theory which demonstrates how the diffusion of photogenerated carriers affects the impulse response of a resonant-cavity enhanced photodetector (RCE). Analytic expressions for carrier densities and short-circuit current are derived, The theory indicates that diffusion introduces a significant tail in the temporal response of photodetectors. The influence of diffusion rises as the absorption width decreases, and a discrepancy in bandwidth as high as 35% between our results and previous theoretical predictions is observed. Therefore, the effect should be taken into account while calculating the critical parameters of RCE photodetectors with thin absorption region.


During project implementation, risk becomes an integral part of project monitoring. Therefore. a tool that could dynamically include elements of risk in project progress monitoring is needed. This objective of this study is to develop a general framework that addresses such a concern. The developed framework consists of three interrelated major building blocks, namely: Risk Register (RR), Bayesian Network (BN), and Project Time Networks (PTN) for dynamic project monitoring. RR is used to list and to categorize identified project risks. PTN is utilized for modeling the relationship between project activities. BN is used to reflect the interdependence among risk factors and to bridge RR and PTN. A residential development project is chosen as a working example and the result shows that the proposed framework has been successfully applied. The specific model of the development project is also successfully developed and is used to monitor the project progress. It is shown in this study that the proposed BN-based model provides superior performance in terms of forecast accuracy compared to the extant models.


New absorbent polymer blends are disclosed. The blend has a first absorbable polymer type is a copolymer of poly lactide polymer or lactide and glycolide, and a second absorbable polymer type is poly (p- dioxanone), the first absorbable polymer type, or the second absorbent polymer type or the first absorbent polymer type and a second absorbable polymer type, further comprising a first polymer component and second polymer component. The first polymer component has a high weight average molecular weight than the second polymer component, at least one of the said components are at least partially end-capped with a carboxylic acid group. Novel polymer blend has an in vivo designed degradation and breaking strength retention, are useful for making medical devices having dimensional stability. Also, novel absorbent medical devices made from these novel polymer blends, as well as novel manufacturing method is also disclosed.


NGC 6791 is an old, metal-rich star cluster normally considered to be a disk open cluster. Its red giant branch is broad in color yet, to date, there is no evidence for a metallicity spread among its stars. The turnoff region of the main sequence is also wider than expected from broadband photometric errors. Analysis of the color–magnitude diagram reveals a color gradient between the core of the cluster and its periphery; we evaluate the potential explanations for this trend. While binarity and photometric errors appear unlikely, reddening variations across the face of the cluster cannot be excluded. We argue that a viable alternative explanation for this color trend is an age spread resulting from a protracted formation time for the cluster; the stars of the inner region of NGC 6791 appear to be older by ∼1 Gyr on average than those of the outer region.


Abstract:The satirically insulting cantigas de escarnio e maldizer at the court of Alfonso X of Castile appear to flagrantly contradict the laws on injuria outlined in the Siete Partidas, the statutory code compiled under that very same king. Considering the importance of gesture to the crime of injuria, it is reasonable to assume that the performers of these linguistically transgressive poems also embraced gestural insult. By reading the cantigas directed at Maria Perez Balteira, a well-known soldadera, in the context of the laws with which segreles toyed, this essay begins to reconstruct the illicit poetic performances that may have been enacted in the Alfonsine court. Despite their elite, intellectual audiences, such transgressive performances encourage the reading of these poems through the lens of the carnivalesque. This essay goes on to argue that the suspension of decorum and regulation functioned as a safety valve—a cathartic release from social pressures—to solidify the king's authority as poets competed for his patronage. Even at court, then, it is impossible to separate medieval laughter from a temporary suspension of the status quo, in the ultimate service of power.


There are at least two discernible aspects to globalization. The first arose following the photographs of the earth taken by the astronauts aboard Apollo 8. The iconic "Earth Rising" photograph gave rise to the "spaceship earth" concept. The idea that we are a small isolated "spaceship" existing alone in space, and that we had better ensure that we take a holistic perspective to ensure the wellbeing of our craft, and hence our survival. The popular bumper sticker, "Think Globally, Act Locally," arose from this concept. It became particularly identified with and by the environmental movement. This seems sufficiently innocuous that it could hardly have given rise to the violent confrontations of Seattle and Italy. This seems to be a different variant of globalization, one that focuses on the light speed fund transfers that encircle the globe to the detriment of local populations. It is this Janine facet of globalization that led Zygmunt Bauman (1998, p. 1) to describe it as a Shibboleth, coming to be seen as the cause of all happiness and maladies. As a totalizing theory, globalization tries to enfold more and more experience, and in so doing becomes opaque. Bauman sets himself the task of elucidating the phenomenon with a precision that has been obscured by the proponents and opponents of globalization. His stated purpose is not only bringing clarity to the phenomenon, but also in so doing elucidating its human consequences, and the human condition. He has undertaken this explication through three volumes, which together form a trilogy. Rather than standing


All the ingredients of agricultural origin in a product must be organic, with two exceptions : wild gathered/collected fruits and environment-friendly fisheries.


Phenol is an important chemical compound since it is a precursor of the industrial production of many materials and useful compounds. Nowadays, phenol is industrially produced from benzene by the multi-step "cumene process", which is energy consuming due to high temperature and high pressure. Moreover, in the "cumene process", the highly explosive cumene hydroperoxide is produced as an intermediate. To overcome these disadvantages, it would be useful to develop green alternatives for the synthesis of phenol that are more efficient and environmentally benign. In this regard, great interest is devoted to processes in which the one-step oxidation of benzene to phenol is achieved, thanks to the use of suitable catalysts and oxidant species. This review article discusses the direct oxidation of benzene to phenol in the liquid phase using different catalyst formulations, including homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts and photocatalysts, and focuses on the reaction mechanisms involved in the selective conversion of benzene to phenol in the liquid phase.


This article presents the derivation and validation of a low order model for the non-linear dynamics of cross-ply bi-stable composite plates focusing on the response of one stable state. The Rayleigh–Ritz method is used to solve the associated linear problem to obtain valuable theoretical insight into how to formulate an approximate non-linear dynamic model. This allows us to follow a Galerkin approach projecting the solution of the non-linear problem onto the mode shapes of the linear problem. The order of the non-linear model is reduced using theoretical results from the linear solution yielding a low order model. The dynamic response of a bi-stable plate specimen is studied to simplify the model further by only keeping the non-linear terms leading to observed oscillations. Simulations for the dynamic response using the derived model are presented showing excellent agreement with the experimentally observed behaviour. Additionally, deflection shapes are measured and compared with the calculated mode shapes, showing good agreement.


BACKGROUND: Essential skills for respiratory therapists extend beyond the traditional scope of therapy. Respiratory therapists are expected to communicate effectively, deliver bedside education, and practice within interprofessional teams. Respiratory therapy entry-to-practice program accreditation standards require evaluation of student competence in communication and interprofessional practice. This study aimed to determine if entry into practice programs include curriculum and competency evaluation for oral communication, patient education, telehealth, and interprofessional activities. METHODS: The primary objective was to identify the curriculum and method of competency evaluation. The secondary objective was to compare degree programs. Directors of accredited respiratory therapy programs were invited to complete an anonymous survey with regard to degree program type, oral communication, patient education, learning strategies, telehealth, and interprofessional activities. Degree programs were classified as associate's of science 2 year, associate's of science < 2 year, or bachelor's of science. RESULTS: Of 370 invited programs, respondents in 136 programs (37%) completed the survey. Oral communication competence was evaluated by 82%. Patient education curriculum and competency evaluation were reported by 86% and 73%, respectively. Telehealth was rarely included or evaluated. Interprofessional activities were included by 74%, of whom 67% evaluated competency. Bachelor's of science programs were more likely to include a specific patient education course (P = .004), evaluate oral communication competency with unpaid preceptors (P = .036), and evaluate interprofessional competence through formal interprofessional programs (P = .005). Associate's degree 2-year programs used laboratory proficiency for patient education competency evaluation more often than other programs (P = .01). associate's of science < 2-year programs were more likely to include simulation experiences that involved motivational interviewing (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Differences exist among program types for curriculum and competency evaluation. Telehealth was rarely included or evaluated at any degree level. Programs should evaluate the need for enhanced patient education and telehealth instruction.


Accompanying autistic findings in a child with down syndrome with hearing loss Down Syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality in the general population. Hearing loss is common in children with DS. It has been denoted that the rate of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) finding is quite frequent in individuals with DS. Early detection of autism characteristics is important for appropriate intervention. The presented case is a child with DS who was diagnosed with mild/moderate SNHL at the age of 7 months and recommended a hearing aid, and despite receiving intensive special education and rehabilitation program and appropriate family support, his development was very limited. Since his development was very limited, he was diagnosed with ASD when he has been referred to child psychiatry again. This case report shows the importance of directing the child to other disciplines to elucidate the factor causing limitation in cases where speech and language development is limited despite early diagnosis and intervention. Besides, it reveals the importance of routinely screening these children in terms of ASD, due to the high rate of coexistence of ASD in children with DS. Keywords: Down syndrome, hearing loss, autism spectrum disorder, speech and language development, early diagnosis