The part of the province of Simbrisk lying to the north of Alatyr, in the angle between the Soura and the Alatyr rivers, is formed of Lower Cretaceous strata, chiefly Neocomian clays, covered by Boulder-clay (which is not rich in boulders), and part by Glacial and Æolian sands. The same Neocomian clay expands widely to the south and to the east from the town of Alatyr. Upon the northern border of the Alatyr valley, and on the right side of the Soura river, these clays are covered by ancient alluvial sands, deposited probably at the time when the great ice-sheet dammed the course of the Soura in the lower part of its valley, and caused colossal overflowings of its waters, the traces of which are preserved in the great masses of alluvial sands covered with fir wood, and much resembling the "Haidesand" of Northern Germany.


The Argument The paper begins by addressing the notions of technological pessimism, society and environment from the point of view of geography and planning. It identifies two pessimistic waves in the recent history of geography and planning thought: "technological or explanational pessimism" in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and "understanding pessimism" in the late 1980s. The first is a distrust of positivist geography and rational planning to explain and control the environment; the second adds to the first a distrust of that part of social theory which in the early 1970s was thought to provide the alternative to positivism — a distrust of structuralist-Marxist-humanistic (SMH) geography and planning to understand (and thus to control intellectually) the individual, society, and the environment. The paper proposes that at the root of both types of pessimism is the essentially causal, mechanistic, and thus aspatial, property of social theory as a whole. It then examines the conjunction of Bohm's orders and Haken's synergetics as a source for optimism — not to control, but to participate and dialogue.


The existence of pulse radio frequency interference (PRFI) severely affects the signal processing and image interpretation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR), which cannot be ignored. In SAR data processing, the detection accuracy directly affects the performance of the PRFI mitigation algorithm. However, most of the existing detectors can only detect the occurrence of PRFI, but cannot locate the PRFI. Based on a two-step process combining eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) with short-time Fourier transform (STFT), in this paper, a novel PRFI detector, which has the capability to detecting and locating PRFI, is proposed. In the proposed detector, the first step is the detection of PRFI occurrence, which is based on the Hankel structure and EVD. The second step is the location of PRFI, which is based on the STFT and a simple ratio operator. Experimental results, which are based on simulated and measured SAR data, validate the performance of the proposed PRFI detector.


Courses PDGOGY 1250 Brass Techniques: 2 semester hours Prerequisites: Consent of the Department. The objective of this course is to familiarize students with materials and techniques for teaching all brass instruments including trumpet, horn, trombone, euphonium, and tuba in the school setting. PDGOGY 1260 Woodwind Techniques: 2 semester hours Prerequisites: Consent of the Department. The objective of this course is to familiarize students with materials and techniques for teaching all woodwind instruments including flute, clarinet, oboe, bassoon, and saxophone in the school setting. PDGOGY 1270 String Techniques: 2 semester hours Prerequisites: Consent of the Department. The objective of this course is to familiarize students with materials and techniques for teaching all string instruments including violin, viola, cello, and bass in the school setting. PDGOGY 1280 Percussion Instrumental Techniques: 2 semester hours Prerequisites: Consent of the Department. The objective of this course is to familiarize students with materials and techniques for teaching all percussion instruments including snare drum, tom-tom, bass drum, cymbals, drumset, timpani, mallet instruments and miscellaneous percussion instruments in the school setting. PDGOGY 1560 Piano Pedagogy: 2 semester hours Prerequisite: Equivalent of AP MUS 1361 or permission of instructor. A study of methods, repertoire, and technical problems pertaining to private studio teaching for all levels of performance ability. PDGOGY 2220 Jazz Pedagogy: 3 semester hours Students will participate in interactive sessions that will " boost the jazz teaching chops " whether students are seasoned teachers or novices in the field of jazz education. A wide range of jazz teaching methods will be studied, including those that have been successful in the instructor's nationally recognized jazz camps. Lab groups will be formed for " hands on-minds on " teaching and learning. Students will experience jazz teaching techniques, examine jazz method series, listen to a variety of jazz styles, and examine and perform jazzliterature from different styles. PDGOGY 4000 Directed Study: Variable Topic: 1-5 semester hours Prerequisites: Consent of Instructor. Directed independent study of selected topics in music. May be repeated, but no more than 5 hours may be applied toward a degree. PDGOGY 5110 Graduate Jazz Pedagogy: 3 semester hours Students will participate in interactive sessions that will dramatically strengthen jazz teaching strategies, introduce new jazz rehearsal techniques, and examine the best in jazz education literature and materials. A wide range of jazz-teaching methods will be studied, including those that have been successful in the instructor's nationally recognized jazz camps. …


e20058 Background: The aim of the study was to investigate whether the non-sentinel node (NSN) status after nodal dissection affected prognosis in melanoma patients with positive SN. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological data of 1,096 consecutive patients treated from 2000 to 2014 at a single institution, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy, who underwent completion lymph-node dissection (CLND) after a positivity of SN. The most frequently involved nodal basins were axilla, groin and neck; 507 positive SNs were detected in axillar basin, 477 in the inguinal-iliac one and 112 in the neck basin. Results: In the axillar nodal basin 18,7% of cases showed one or more positive further LN after the CLND. A similar rate of positive NSNs (18,5%) was found in patients who had inguinal and pelvic lymphadenectomy; of these cases, 23.2% of further positive nodes were observed in the inguinal basin while 13.8% were located in the iliac one. In the neck basin was detected...


As IPTV users increases, the need of new network service topology has emerged because of the limitation of existing network. DSON (Dynamic Service Overlay Network) is an architecture that creates virtual network topology to provide and compose IPTV services such as virtual community services. This paper proposes the architecture of DSON that enables virtual community based IPTV service by users' requests.


We have repaired larger detect of limbs after emergent debridement using the thoraco-umbilical flap on 13 cases, 6 of which were vascular island flaps, 7 were free flaps. The size of the flaps was 10 cm x 26 cm to 12 cm x 42 cm. All the flaps survived completely. The advantages of the flap are: (1) the pedicle of the flap is long and has a large diameter, (2) the flap can be made quite long so as to cover the whole ulna or tibia, (3) the flap can be used to repair bony defect by carrying a rib as an osteocutaneous flap.


Introduction Years of youth development research have yielded consensus by researchers, practitioners, and government representatives regarding what young people need for healthy development (Eccles & Gootman, 2002). Both environmental and social factors are now seen as critical elements for youth develpment programs. Addressing these factors creates a foundation for the development of a healthy sense of self and the formation of a positive identity—traits especially important for youth with disabilities. The combination of environmental and social factors also creates 1) a holistic platform for providing support services to youth with disabilities, and 2) the necessary conditions for youth to become leaders. This brief outlines findings of youth development research, describes the components and benefits of Youth Leadership Forums (YLFs), and introduces the Iowa and Kansas YLFs.


Er3+-doped Lu2O3 nano-powders were synthesized by co-precipitation process with NH4HCO3 as precipitant and(NH4)2SO4,PAM,and PEG-400 as dispersants,respectively.The decomposition process of the precursor and effects of dispersants on the particle size distribution and dispersivity of obtained Lu2O3∶Er3+ nano-powders were investigated by FTIR,TG-DSC,XRD and SEM methods.The results indicate that powders calcined at 1 000 ℃ for 2 h with the doping of(NH4)2SO4 and PAM exhibit homogeneously spherical morphology and good dispersivity,and the particle size are between 50 and 70 nm.The up-conversion luminescence properties of the Lu2O3 ∶Er3+ nano-powders under excitation of 980 nm laser diode(LD) are also discussed.


Objective: To study the clinical efficacy of gardenia powdar on patients with lumbar disc herniation. Methods: 70 patients with lumbar disc herniation were randomly divided into experimental( n = 35) and control groups( n = 35). The control group were given oral treatment of low back pain tablets and hot compress. The experimental group given control group methods and be treatment by gardenia powdar application,two groups were treated for 1 weeks.Treatment for two weeks,four weeks after the symptoms of various quantitative score,clinical signs and symptoms score( JOA score),overall clinical efficacy efficiency before and after treatment,and CT examination. Results: After 4 weeks of treatment,the two groups within the JO A score and symptoms various quantitative score difference was statistically significant( P 0. 05); CT symptoms was no significant difference( P 0. 05). Conclusion: gardenia powdar can improve liver and kidney deficiency of lumbar disc herniation partial Yang patients with clinical symptoms and signs,improve the quality of life of patients and the overall efficacy of the disease. It has the characteristics of effective,safe,non- toxic side effects,is worthy of clinical application.


A modulated electron beam generated plasma has been used to dry etch standard photoresist materials and silicon. Oxygen–argon mixtures were used to etch organic resist material and sulfur hexafluoride mixed with argon or oxygen was used for the silicon etching. Etch rates and anisotropy were determined with respect to gas compositions, incident ion energy (from an applied rf bias) and plasma duty factor. For 1818 negative resist and i-line resists the removal rate increased nearly linearly with ion energy (up to 220nm∕min at 100eV), with reasonable anisotropic pattern transfer above 50eV. Little change in etch rate was seen as gas composition went from pure oxygen to 70% argon, implying the resist removal mechanism in this system required the additional energy supplied by the ions. With silicon substrates at room temperature, mixtures of argon and sulfur hexafluoride etched approximately seven times faster (1375nm∕min) than mixtures of oxygen and sulfur hexafluoride (∼200nm∕min) with 200eV ions, the diffe...


Herein, the effects of Si addition on the microstructure and solidification behavior of a new Ni–Co‐based superalloy are investigated. The microstructure of the as‐cast alloys is mainly composed of γ, γ′, (γ–γ′) eutectics, and MC‐type carbides. The results demonstrate that Si addition significantly decreases the size and volume fraction of (γ–γ′) eutectics, while promoting the formation of Si‐rich phase precipitated in front of the (γ–γ′) eutectics. The formation of a Si‐rich phase is induced by the rejection of Ti and Si into the residual liquid during the γ matrix formation. With the increase in Si content, the size distribution of (γ–γ′) eutectics decreases due to the formation of the Si‐rich phase consuming the forming element of (γ–γ′) eutectics. The solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy decrease with the increase in Si. However, the range of melting temperature increases. The Si addition promotes the segregation of alloying elements, and Si tends to segregate in the interdendritic region.


in the American view of poverty is that peo ple are poor because they do not work. Edin and Lein (1997) summarize this view say ing, "Lazy women had babies to get money from the welfare system, the story went, and then let lazy boyfriends share their beds and live off their benefits. These lazy and immoral adults then raised lazy and im moral children, creating a vicious cycle of dependency" (p. 21). What their study shows, however, is that this highly agentic view ignores important structural limita tions, and that most of the poor work. The following exercise helps dispel students' misconceptions about the working poor. Through extensive primary-data collection and assembling a budget for low-skilled workers, the exercise 1) challenges stu dents' current thinking about concepts they hear every day such as the "American dream" and "equal opportunity," 2) pro vides insight into the everyday challenges of the working poor, and 3) helps students gain a better understanding of government programs targeted to the poor. We have used this exercise in a variety of courses, including the freshman-level intro ductory course when discussing stratifica tion, in freshman-level courses on urban sociology when discussing inner-city pov erty, and as a capstone project in an upper level stratification course. We used this


Speech enhancement requires some principle by which to distinguish speech and noise, and the most successful separation requires strong models for both speech and noise. If, however, the noise encountered differs significantly from the system's assumptions, performance will suffer. In this work, we propose a novel speech enhancement system based on decomposing the spectrogram into sparse activation of a dictionary of target speech templates, and a low-rank background model, which makes few assumptions about the noise other than its limited spectral variation. A variation of this model specifically designed to handle transient noise intrusions is also proposed. Evaluation via BSS EVAL and PESQ show that the new approaches improve signal-to-distortion ratio in most cases and PESQ in high-noise conditions when compared to several traditional speech enhancement algorithms including log-MMSE.


Basic causes of damaged die were found by analysing the failure features of previous die.And through the punching experiments with different clearances under the guidance of theoretical principle,the influence of die clearance on quality of the hole was obtained.A set of applicable clearances which could meet the punching quality requirement and decrease the die wear were gained by studying the relation between the clearance,burr,hole diameter,material,strength and thickness respectively.Finally,the punching effect and situation of mould were tested by the feature of euphotic belt.


Japan's Maritime Quarantine Law, enacted in 1899, became a model of the standard rules of colonial countries around the 20th century. Also, the quarantine administration centered on the police system and the public health system has become a standard quarantine system in Japan and its colonies. However, the status of the maritime quarantine rules in East Asia was different. The rules of each country had different grades, with Japan''s law, Taiwan Government-General''s decree and colonial Korea''s order being issued. In addition, quarantine administration in East Asia was conducted on different levels.
Since the 20th century, cholera has not been a great threat to Japanese society, but in 1919-20 it has had a fatal impact on not only Japan but also other East Asian countries.
Among them, colonial Korea suffered the most damage. On the other hand, colonial Taiwan suffered relatively little damage in 1920, compared with other countries. Taiwan has become an immediate target of invasion by cholera, which has been in vogue off China''s southeastern coast. Nevertheless, Taiwan Government-General conducted maritime inspection as a key base for the first defense, with the headquarters'' direct maritime quarantine. The most important step in Taiwan''s maritime inspection is that it has expanded the selection of endemic sites, institutionalized the establishment of quarantine camps and inspections on board. The inspection on board was initiated by commercial motives of Japanese shipping companies, which were suddenly accepted by the Japanese Interior Ministry and the Taiwan Governor-General as a way to enhance quarantine efficiency. The expansion of selection of epidemic sites led to an increase in the number of quarantine targets, and the establishment of quarantine camps and inspections on board were a landmark policy in the quarantine administration in that it could strengthen quarantine inspections and quarantine measures.
On the other hand, the maritime quarantine in colonial Korea was conducted as part of the police administration under the jurisdiction of the Police Inspector-General, and resulted in failure in the maritime quarantine, a key base for the first defense. Only 0.3 percent of patients were found through maritime quarantine. It has only achieved less than 1 percent in quarantine of cholera patients coming from outside the country, such as train and passenger inspections, as well as maritime quarantine. In fact, the cholera quarantine of colonial Korea was forced to shift to a way to strengthen domestic quarantine, such as house-to-house inspection.
While Taiwan''s house-to-house inspection accounted for around 10 percent of the total, Korea''s house-to-house inspection accounted for around 60 percent of the total. The house-to-house inspection in colonial Korea, centered on the sanitary police, was not aimed at strengthening the efficiency of quarantine administration, but was an inevitable step due to quarantine failures at border and coastal areas.


e13536Background: Patients with microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancers (MSI-H CRCs), which have been heretofore conventionally divided into hereditary (Lynch syndrome, LS) and sporadic categories, have poor post-relapse prognosis according to consensus molecular subtyping. Fusion kinases exist in less than 2% of all CRCs and do not seem to cluster in a subtype of the disease. In response to reports of some MSI-H CRCs' resistance to immune checkpoint blockade, we sought to identify a therapeutic target. Methods: MSI testing was done on approximately 2,800 resected colorectal tumors; whole-exome sequencing, transcriptome sequencing, and methylation array were done on 149 out of 162 tumors showing MSI in BAT25 and BAT26 loci. Results: Males accounted for 47% (68/146). Sporadic MSI-H CRCs were further classifiable into somatic mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutation (Lynch-like, LL) or MLH1 methylated (MM) types. Methylation of other MMR genes (MSH2/MSH6/PMS2) was not detected. The mutational and clin...


On May 29, 2004, one of the outstanding Czech University teachers Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. František Nožička died at the age of 86 years. He had devoted all his efforts to scientific research, educational and organizational activities at the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of the Charles University, Prague. He achieved significant scientific results in many branches of mathematics, among which especially, differential geometry, theory of relativity, theory and methods of optimization, and operations research should be mentioned. Professor Nožička was a member of the editorial board of the journal Mathematische Operationsforschung und Statistik starting from its first issue – Number 1, 1970. In 1977, this journal was split into the two journals Optimization and Statistics, and he continued his support as an editorial board member with the first issue of Optimization until Volume 24, Numbers 3–4, 1992. We are very grateful to Professor Nožička for his valuable collaboration and contributions for so many years. His long-standing cooperation with mathematicians at the Humboldt University in Berlin, which lasted more than 25 years, contributed substantially to establishing Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. František Nožička, 5 April 1918–29 May 2004


Background Having a relative with inflammatory bowel disease increases the risk for Crohn's disease but may also increase its severity in affected patients. Aims To evaluate the influence of a family history on Crohn's disease course and severity. Methods 1316 patients followed in the same unit were studied retrospectively. Age at onset, duration of illness, site, and extent of disease were determined in patients with and without a family history. Additionally, disease severity was estimated by the need for medical therapy (steroid and immunosuppressive requirement) and the frequency and extent of excisional surgery. Results 152 (12%) patients had a family history of inflammatory bowel disease. Duration of follow up was longer in patients with a family history and there were more operations for perforating complications in familial cases. However, the importance of medical therapy, and the incidence and extent of excisional surgery were similar in familial and and sporadic cases. Kaplan-Meier estimated time to prescription of immunosuppressive drugs and first intestinal resection were similar in familial and sporadic cases. When the 152 patients with familial Crohn's disease were paired for sex, location of disease at onset, date of birth, and date of diagnosis with 152 patients with sporadic Crohn's disease, the disease severity remained similar in the two groups of paired patients. Conclusion Patients with Crohn's disease and a family history of inflammatory bowel disease do not have a more severe course.


Understanding how capital flows within rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa can provide important insights on the nature of poverty and the effectiveness of financial intermediation interventions. In this paper, we use unique individual level savings and borrowing data to study the flow of funds within a sample of 104 Ugandan savings groups. We show that poor households borrow from wealthier households, which implies that the marginal benefit of money is decreasing in wealth. The result suggests that savings groups are effective at channeling funds to their poorest members.


Based on archival resources, this study examines how accountability and internal auditing practices emerged and evolved within the distinctive setting of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church. Traditionally, this organisation was reluctant to account to its constituents in conventional financial terms. The Church administration prioritised notions of righteous accountability, while the general members of the church were concerned primarily with their own eternal accountability. That is, and reflecting its religious character, an emphasis on accountability relationships at a higher plane permeated the organisation: the Church with carrying out the mission it believed it had been entrusted with, and individual members with their own religious salvation. However, reservations over a perceived lack of monetary stewardship subsequently came to the fore. This precipitated an increased emphasis on financial accountability, with the adoption of an internal auditing function identified as a key outcome of this change.


Three new homologous TEMPO oxoammonium salts and three homologous nitroxide radicals have been prepared and characterized. The oxidation properties of the salts have been explored. The direct 13C NMR and EPR spectra of the nitroxide free radicals and the oxoammonium salts, along with TEMPO and its oxoammonium salt, have been successfully measured with little peak broadening of the NMR signals. In the spectra of all ten compounds (nitroxides and corresponding oxoammonium salts), the carbons in the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine core do not appear, implying paramagnetic properties. This unpredicted overall paramagnetism in the oxoammonium salt solutions is explained by a redox equilibrium as shown between oxoammonium salts and trace amounts of corresponding nitroxide. This equilibrium is confirmed by electron interchange reactions between nitroxides with an N-acetyl substituent and oxoammonium salts with longer acyl side chains.


Environmental context. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is of utmost importance for a toxic metal's fate and ecotoxicity in the aquatic system, but the complex nature and variable composition of DOM makes the quantitative understanding of DOM's role in the environment very difficult. We have demonstrated that the assumption that the properties of a DOM mixture are the sum of the properties of its individual fractions can capture the main trends characterising the role of DOM in lead speciation and adsorption by freshwater microalgae. This was done by mixing the isolated, well-characterised fractions of DOM and measuring levels of free lead ion and Pb adsorbed and internalised by algae. Abstract. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of ill-defined components, which makes the quantitative understanding of DOM functions in aquatic systems a challenging task. The traditional approach for studying such complex mixtures involves their separation into groups of different components, while assuming minimal or no alteration of their properties. By mixing the pre-isolated and well-characterised individual fractions of the DOM, including humic, fulvic and alginic acids, we have demonstrated that the free Pb ion concentrations and the adsorbed Pb plus Pb internalised by the alga Chlorella kesslerii in the presence of DOM samples of different compositions can be predicted on the basis of the experiments performed in the presence of the individual DOM fractions. An additivity model assuming that the properties of the mixture can be considered as the sum of the properties of the individual components captured the Pb speciation and adsorption behaviour in the presence of DOM of variable compositions. Similarly to the results with the individual DOM fractions, internalised Pb concentrations in the presence of the reconstituted DOM were greater than that predicted by the corresponding free lead ion concentration. An improved fit between experimental observations and the model predictions of adsorbed plus internalised Pb in the presence of DOM of different compositions was observed by assuming that each individual component adsorbed by the algae gave access to additional binding sites for Pb. Furthermore, the contribution of the Pb-DOM complex to total cellular Pb was dominated by the humic and fulvic acids, whereas the contribution of alginate was minimal.


Aim:  To develop an approach to enhance polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production via the coexpressed phaCAB and vgb genes controlled by arabinose PBAD promoter in Escherichia coli.


We simulated several structures of dilute nitride quantum well InGaAsN semiconductor lasers that work at the wavelength of 1047 nm. InGaAsN is a new semiconductor alloy system having the remarkable property that the inclusion of only 2% of nitrogen reduces the bandgap by more than 30%. This alloy system can be successfully used for long wavelength laser systems and high-efficiency multi-junction solar cells. In this paper we compared several structures of dilute nitride quantum well InGaAsN semiconductor lasers in terms of the electrical properties such as the threshold current and the slope. By also comparing the optical properties of these structures, and taking into account the results obtained for the electrical properties, one can choose the structure with the best overall performances for being used in practical applications.


textabstractThe skeletal muscle is the body's largest tissue, accounting for about 40% of
the total body weight (Biressi et al. 2007). More importantly, it plays critical roles
in movement, respiration, stabilization of the skeleton, glucose homeostasis, and
thermoregulation. The basic structural and functional units composing the adult
skeletal muscle tissue are the muscle fibers, also known as myofibers (Figure1).
They are multinucleated, elongated, and membrane-bound cells. Each fiber is surrounded
by connective tissue called endomysium. Several fibers are associated to
each other to form the fasciculi. A layer of connective tissue called perimysium
surrounds each fasciculus. The fasces forming the muscles are surrounded by a last
connective tissue called epimysium. Finally blood vessels and nerves wander the
muscle fibers. Myofibers translate the neural pulse into contraction through the
motoneuron innervation. Thus, myofibers form highly specialized syncytia site of
the muscular contraction.


Vision is such a complicated phenomenon and is dependent on so many variables that no single test can be devised by which it can be accurately measured for all purposes. In practical life, however, no doubt the most important factor in visual acuity is the resolving power of the eye. This is commonly measured by determining the smallest visual angle perceptible, the minimum separable. Such determinations, however, do not reveal the full resolving power of the eye, for the best possible vision shown by them corresponds to a visual angle of only about 30 seconds, whereas by certain methods which measure the alining power it can be shown that the eye is capable of much finer discrimination than this. It should not be assumed from this fact, however, that tests based on the minimum separable are necessarily less precise than those based on the alining power. While, so far


The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the subjective consciousness and life satisfaction of the elderly, and to see how depression affects this relationship. This includes a new way of thinking about the causes of the elderly's life satisfaction, not only for individual factors, but also for subjective class consciousness. For this aim, we examine the degree of subjective class consciousness, life satisfaction and depression of the elderly, and verify mediation effects of depression between subjective class consciousness and life satisfaction. This study utilized data obtained from the 5th version of the Korea Longitudinal Study on Aging 2014, and considered data from 4,222 elderly aged 65 and over. As a means of study, a structural equation model analysis was conducted. The results were as follows: First, it was confirmed that the subjective class consciousness of the elderly may influence life satisfaction. It was also confirmed that the subjective class consciousness of the elderly also affected depression and life satisfaction among the elderly. When subjective class consciousness was high, depression was low and life satisfaction was high. When depression was low, life satisfaction was high. Second, depression had the mediation effect in which subjective class consciousness affects life satisfaction. Based on these results, this author suggests practical and political issues concerning social welfare to prevent and reduce depression and increase life satisfaction through improving the subjective class consciousness of the elderly. First, policy measures should enhance social capital through housing support policies and leisure use support to enhance the subjective class consciousness of the elderly. Second, the provision of services for the elderly through the establishment of a community-based network to reduce depression should be promoted.


Background: A relationship between plasma concentrations and viral suppression in patients receiving lopinavir (LPV)/ritonavir (RTV) has been observed. Therefore, it is important to increase our knowledge about factors that determine interpatient variability in LPV pharmacokinetics (PK). Methods: The study, designed to develop and validate population PK models for LPV and RTV, involved 263 ambulatory patients treated with 400/100 mg of LPV/RTV twice daily. A database of 1110 concentrations of LPV and RTV (647 from a single time-point and 463 from 73 full PK profiles) was available. Concentrations were determined at steady state using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. PK analysis was performed with NONMEM software. Age, gender, height, total body weight, body mass index, RTV trough concentration (RTC), hepatitis C virus coinfection, total bilirubin, hospital of origin, formulation and concomitant administration of efavirenz (EFV), saquinavir (SQV), atazanavir (ATV), and tenofovir were analyzed as possible covariates influencing LPV/RTV kinetic behavior. Results: Population models were developed with 954 drug plasma concentrations from 201 patients, and the validation was conducted in the remaining 62 patients (156 concentrations). A 1-compartment model with first-order absorption (including lag-time) and elimination best described the PK. Proportional error models for interindividual and residual variability were used. The final models for the drugs oral clearance (CL/F) were as follows: The predictive performance of the final population PK models was tested using standardized mean prediction errors, showing values of 0.03 ± 0.74 and 0.05 ± 0.91 for LPV and RTV, and normalized prediction distribution error, confirming the suitability of both models. Conclusions: These validated models could be implemented in clinical PK software and applied to dose individualization using a Bayesian approach for both drugs.


This paper in the sociology of knowledge explores the influence of common sense on the theories produced by the human sciences. These theories very often include principles drawn from what can be called commonsensical linguistics, epistemology and logics. Because of their familiarity, these principles go often unnoticed, or are perceived as `going without saying', however. So, a theory can easily be perceived as true while it is false, or as more valid than it deserves to be, if it includes beside its explicit statements implicit unnoticed commonsensical statements, which, although valid in everyday life, are not of universal validity. The theory developed in the paper identifies a typical process by which theories or ideas can easily gain much more credibility than they deserve. It is illustrated by several famous examples drawn from economics, sociology and the philosophy of science.


The Electric Power Research Institute is developing new techniques that will reduce the labor costs of building and maintaining power-distribution systems. The new tools include a cable plow for underground cables, concrete cutters, an underground borer, tree growth retardants, and other devices which reduce labor requirements and cause less environmental disruption. 2 references. (DCK)


The Model for Architectural Design Education is a professionally orientated teach training of students of architecture in the form of organised learning in a planned, structured procedure. Starting with the design task, it encompasses the totality of leading to the definition of objectives, preparation and production of a design and the documents required by the planning authorities. It must however be noted he in its totality cannot be solved exclusively in an objective, formalisable manner, b creative decisions are also required.


The trematode Schistosoma mansoni causes intestinal schistosomiasis. It has a complex developmental plan including six stages of life and experiencing two kinds of hosts an invertebrate and a vertebrate. Our objective is to understand transcriptional regulation of components of proteasome 19S and Comorphogenesis 9 ‐ COP9 signalosome (CSN) through parasite development. CSN is an evolutionary conserved protein complex that resembles the lid subcomplex of proteasomes. Using S.mansoni databases we searched for sequences CSN 1 to 8 like and the subunits of lid and base of PA700. RT‐ PCR was performed using specific primers and total RNAs from adult worms, cercariae and eggs to evaluate the levels of lid and COP9 transcripts. Northern Blot for adults and cercariae were performed as well. Our results evidence that both lid and COP9 are conserved in this parasite, and expression of the RPN1 and RPN9 is 20 times more abundant in adults than cercariae. In contrast of proteasome lid subunits, CSN3 and CSN7 are 3 times more abundant in cercariae than adults, suggesting a downregulation of lid, thus modulating proteasome activity, which would explain the low proteolysis rate in cercariae. It may suggest that COP9 may play a role as an alternative lid for proteasome 26S in developmental stages of parasite. Pull‐down assays using other parasite forms in cercariae‐adults transition would confirm this statement. Future prospects towards investigation of this pathway will clarify some aspects of parasite's development.


Describe room temperature curable epoxy adhesive. The adhesive epoxy resin, the acetoacetoxy-functionalized compounds, metal salt catalyst, 1 amine equivalent per least first amine curing agent having an equivalent weight of 50 g, and 1 amine second amine having an equivalent weight of less per equivalent 45g it is intended to include a curing agent.


Here, the author attempts a description of the problem and situation that necessitated Paul's teaching on matters relating to expressions of Christian faith that are considered un-orthodox during worship. Insisting that the word of God is a symbolic entity that requires interpretation, the author proposes an attentive reading of 1 Cor 12:1-3 as one out of many preventative measures the Church has taken to preserve both the deposit of faith and the image of God that the word reveals.


Employees who make up a company remain the organization's unique and biggest asset whilst they provide performance, organizations aim to reward them in an equitable manner fairly, unbiased and consistently in accordance with the value they create in the organization. Reward system exists with a specific end goal to motivate employees to work towards accomplishing vital objectives which are set by entities. This study clarified the phenomenon of reward systems and corporate efficiency. It additionally reviewed other research findings in the range of reward systems. It assessed emerging and critical issues that inform reward decisionmaking. It again raised issues for example, the issue of measuring comparability and the concern of recognition programmes. This study concludes that the reward system plays an essential role in motivating workers to perform innovatively.


We have compared the efficacy and toxicity of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter and the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) promoter for expressing genes for adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Mouse MSCs (mMSCs) were isolated from the femurs and tibias of 6-week old, female BALB/c mice and ex vivo expanded in MEM-alpha containing 20% fetal bovine serum, 100 u/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 250 ng/ml amphotericin B, and 2 mM L-glutamine. To transduce mMSCs with adenovirus, the cells were plated at a density of 10,000 cells/cm 2 in 6-well plates and cultured overnight. The cells were counted and then exposed to fresh culture medium containing adenovirus at 0 to 2,000 multiplicities of infection (MOI) for 48 h. Two adenoviral vectors with CMV promoter (Adv/CMV) and two adenoviral vectors with RSV promoter (Adv/RSV) were used in this study. Transduction efficiency and cell survival were then determined. The Adv/CMVs, i.e. AdvCMVlacZ and AdvCMVIL-10, were more potent in terms of transduction efficiency and transgene expression than their corresponding Adv/RSVs, i.e. AdvRSVlacZ and AdvRSVIL-10. However, both vectors exhibit a dose-dependent relationship between the adenoviral vector MOI and the percentage of transgene-expressing cells. Furthermore, no toxicity was observed in Adv/CMV or Adv/RSV transduced mMSCs.


A golf lesson teaching aid that operates cooperatingly with a golf lesson server is provided to perform authentication based on a golf swing position assigned to a user and therefore to offer systematic, customized lessons suitable for the user personally. A golf lesson teaching aid(100) that operates cooperatingly with a golf lesson server includes: a wireless communication section(110) to perform user authentication or receive information on a golf club; a motion sensor(120) to record or capture swing and motion of a user; a data storage(130) to store IDs of golf swing positions assigned to users; a key input section(140); a display section(150) to output a swing motion image or information on an indoor driving range; a network connecting section(160) to perform communication with the golf lesson server via a wired/wireless network; and a controller(170) to provide a golf lesson service to the user and to receive/play at least one of the swing motion, lesson images, and professional golfers' swing motions.


An exploratory factor analysis has been studied for capabilities transformation from design firm to own branding company. Many Taiwan's companies are trying to upgrade from OEM, ODM to OBM with the assistances from design firms or in-house design departments. That is to say, Taiwan design firms act as part of the manufacturing supply-chain. Lots of small design firms in Taiwan also put their efforts to transform to own-branding from their design basis. Sekond Creative Design is one of the small design firms, which want to build their own brands from different industries. A previous study as "unpublished" [1] using participant observation method obtained the results of the capabilities transformation from the design firm to own-branding by a resource-based view. This study has emphasized on finding the key factors, which can help design firms in Taiwan understand their strength and weakness. The questionnaires were distributed to the 133 customers who purchased Sekond Creative Design company's products or visited its branches located in Taipei and Tainan. A LIKERT scale with five points was used to evaluate the degree of preferences for each question. Seven factors were identified using an exploratory factor analysis. The factors, which are important for design firms in Taiwan to transmit the product value to the consumers and to meet their needs, are product design creativity, patent barriers building, product and brand identity, marketing communication, marketing positioning, channel management, quality satisfaction, and sales team management. The survey results also showed positive responses from customers to these factors.


AbstractPrequalification of engineering consultants in the Iranian public procurement system is suffering from arbitrary processes and criteria that cannot effectively shortlist the increasing number of potential bidders. This study aims to develop a prequalification model that can serve as the basis for revising the existing regulations and criteria. The authors conducted interviews among experts to localize a framework of prequalification criteria. Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), accompanied by a survey among industry participants, was used to determine the importance level of decision criteria. The results confirmed that the existing guidelines cannot meet the expectations of the industry due to the overemphasis on the past performance of consultants and disregarding their current capabilities. For the international audience, this study clarifies that (1) the working culture of industry participants impacts their judgments on the importance level of intangible and tangible criteria used for ...


The postal communication form and the message-oriented communications within Interplanetary Networks (IPNs) and Deep-Space Communication Networks (DSCNs) leads to converting the communication process to a pure s ignaling process executed through exchanging messages between the communication parties. Based on that, the definition of the term " Service " takes a new dimension, namely, the interaction ef ficiency and effectivity achieved under these conditions. Therefore, it is m ore efficient to describe the service quality based on the interaction quality of related communi cation session(s). In that respect, the QoS model used in terrestrial communication networks will not be sufficient for describing message-oriented and time-delayed communication networks. Therefore, we introduce the Quality of Interaction (QoI) concept as an alternat ive model to QoS as well as a basic model for describing the efficiency and effectivity of co mmunications in IPNs and DSCNs. For this purpose, the message-oriented communication characteristics are firstly addressed and accordingly the QoI model is developed, where low-l evel and high-level QoI are suggested. This paper deals with the low level QoI and discuss es the main parameters required to estimate the QoI of a communication process. Moreover, the proposed QoI concept can also be used as a basis for resource management in future IPNs and DSCNs. Finally, although QoI is designed for high-delay communication networks like IPNs and DSCNs; nevertheless, it can also be used as a basis for improving the ne tworking efficiency in conventional networks and terrestrial Internet.


Among venture capital in China,funds from government occupy a large proportion.This paper studies the impact of VC backed by government on China's SME's IPO underpricing and post - IPO return.The results indicate:VC backed by government have little impact on IPO underpricing and post - IPO return of companies financed.Hence,the results suggest that the government should not invest too much on venture capital,but focus on improving the development of environment of venture capital.


Motion Characteristics of the world's largest Semi-Submerged Catamaran (SSC) or Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull (SWATH) type support ship "KAIYO" for underwater research are described. The KAIYO was completed in May 1985 and has successfully operated in various sea conditions including severe sea states of 7 to 8, since the delivery. Because of the unique hull shape which provides small motions and accelerations, it is possible for researchers and crew to achieve their tasks more efficiently and to be engaged in long-term projects. This paper presents the outline of the KAIY0 and her seakeeping performance, referring to the motions and accelerations measured during her actual operation off Japan.


This paper presents the development of a Java applet to simulate three-phase power system when harmonics is being introduced. The applet-based makes the simulator a very useful visual tool in understanding how harmonics affects the shape of sinusoidal waveform and thus the quality of power resulted thereof. The use of Java applet also enables the simulator to be run through internet via web-browser, and hence improves its availability and accessibility. The skeleton of the simulator will first be described. Then, discussion on how to operate the simulator follows which includes an example with snapshots to demonstrate the execution of the simulator.


In this investigation, we use a socio-environmental multi-proxy approach to empirically test hypotheses of recurrent resilience cycles and the role of climate forcing in shaping such cycles on the Iberian Peninsula during mid-Holocene times. Our approach combines time series reconstructions of societal and environmental variables from the southern Iberian Peninsula across a 3000 yr time interval (6000–3000 cal yr BP), covering major societal and climate reorganisation. Our approach is based on regional compilations of climate variables from diverse terrestrial archives and integrates new marine climate records from the Western Mediterranean. Archaeological variables include changes in material culture, settlement reconstructions and estimates of human activities. In particular, both detailed chronologies of human activities evolving from the Late Neolithic to the Bronze Age and mid- to Late Holocene climate change across the mid-Holocene are compared, aiming to assess potential human responses and coping processes associated with abrupt mid-Holocene climate changes.


This paper evaluates the employment effects of active labour market programmes for Danish welfare benefit recipients, focusing on private sector employment (PSE) programmes. Using a latent variable model that allows for heterogeneous treatment effects among observationally identical persons, we estimate commonly defined mean treatment effects and the distribution of treatment effects. We find no significant mean treatment effect of PSE programme participation as compared to participation in other programmes for PSE programme participants. However, we find substantial heterogeneity in the treatment effects, and those most likely to participate in PSE programmes are those who benefit the least from such programmes.


THE PURPOSE of this paper is to inquire how far factors other than price competitiveness were responsible for variations in the U.S. share of world exports of manufactures over the period from 1953 to 1958. The U.S. share in exports of manufactures from the 11 leading industrial countries declined sharply from 1953 to 1955, rose slightly from 1955 to 1956, and declined thereafter, particularly from 1957 to 1958 (Chart I). However, the sharp fall in the U.S. share between 1953 and 1955 was due primarily to a reduction in military shipments. In any assessment of U.S. export performance, there is a strong case for excluding changes in military shipments, since they are directly associated with changes in military aid and since the great decline in U.S. military shipments after the early 1950's had no counterpart in the exports of the other industrial countries.' When military shipments are excluded, the U.S. share in industrial countries' exports of manufactures declined from 26.5 per cent in 1953 to 25.0 per cent in 1955, rose to 26.2 per cent in 1957, and fell to 23.6 per cent in 1958. However, neither 1953 nor 1957 is an appropriate base year for a comparison of trends in the U.S. share of world exports. Much of the decline in the U.S. share of world trade between 1953 and 1954 was due to the exceptionally rapid increase in German and Japanese exports, which by 1953 had not fully recovered from the effects of the war. In order to lessen the effect of this factor, the average of 1953 and 1954 has been chosen as one benchmark. Again, 1957 was an atypical year, being exceptionally favorable for the United States owing to the effect of the Suez crisis in increasing U.S. exports to Western Europe and limiting Western Europe's exports to certain other areas. Therefore,


From the Peripheral Vascular Service, Dept. of Medicine, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York. There is a definite time limit experimentally (1) within which it is possible to bring about the revival and survival of nerves by completely restoring the previously interrupted blood supply of the nerve. Impairment of neural function occurs in obliterative diseases of peripheral arteries when the ischemia involves peripheral nerves. Sensory defects, loss of motor function and causalgia are its manifestations. This experimental conclusion gives a sense of urgency to the need for a correct diagnosis of ischemic neuritis and the prompt institution of therapy which will restore blood flow. The neuropathy in partial occlusions often develops so gradually that it is long past revival time when discovered. Neural manifestations can be completely overshadowed by severe pain and impending gangrene in sudden complete occlusions. We have been prompted to report on two aspects of the problem-diagnosis and treatment-by the success with which it was possible in some patients to revive neural function by the use of arterial infusions of histamine.


The paper presents the results of a preliminary investigation into the use of Albizia lebbek seed pods for water softening by the adsorption of calcium. These results show that at 25°C, the adsorption increased with the pH value. An analysis of the adsorption rates by three different techniques suggested that the sorption of the calcium ions was the rate limiting stage in the overall process. The data were found to conform to both the Langmuir and the Freundlich equations and the values of the equation constants confirmed that a better adsorption was achieved at a pH value of 10.82 than at one of 5.95. The maximum specific adsorption (Qo) derived from the Langmuir equation was 63.36 mg Ca/g at the higher pH value of 10.82


Computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS), as an advanced methodology, has been applied in many industry fields. There is, however, little research on the application of CIMS in the garment industry, especially on the integrated approach to CAD, CAPP, and FMS in garment CIMS. In this paper, the current situations of CAD, CAPP, and FMS in the garment industry are discussed, and information requirements between them as well as the integrated approaches are also investigated. The representation of the garments' product data by the group technology coding is proposed. Based on the group technology, a shared data base as an integration element can be constructed, which leads to the integration of CAD/CAPP/FMS in garment CIMS.


The ability to analyses critically is a skill that one develops during academic education, and which is thus also of importance in professions based on academic qualifications. The aim of the study ...


Abstract ▪ As the largest lymphoid organ in the body, the gastrointestinal tract is a potential reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficienc...


A new-type automatic take-up of the endless rope towing vehicle with the hydraulic cylinder as actuator was introduced,and the configuration and operational principle of the system were analysed.The model of real-time feedback enhances based on the current-load relation was built and the dynamic tensile force on the wire rope was actualized.The extra load was reduced,the energy was saved and the safety performance was enhanced.


A method for the determination of Hg in underground water by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry(ICP-AES) has been developed.Hg(Ⅱ) was separated and enriched according to the coprecipitation of Hg(Ⅱ) by Cu(Ⅱ) and DDTC chelate compound in water.In order to detect the accurate value of Hg,different amount of Cu and DDTC was loaded into Hg standard solution to optimize the added amounts of Cu and DDTC.The lowest detecting concentration of Hg was 0.1 μg/L after selecting optimal analyzing line,correcting background reasonably,and condensing the volume of water from 200 mL to 5 mL with enrichment factor of 40.Certified Reference Materials and practical samples were analyzed and the results were in good agreement with the certified values obtained following national standard methods.The relative standard deviation(RSD,n=12) is less than 10%.Therefore,the proposed method meets the requirements for determination of trace Hg in underground water.


It is of importance to investigate the operation performance of axial flow fan cluster for the optimal designing and economic running of direct air-cooled system in power plant.Based on the parallel running of two axial flow fans,the performance diagram of parallel axial flow fans was drawn.The influence of stagger angle of axial flow fan upon the operation performance of parallel running was obtained.The cluster factor was introduced and the performance diagram of axial flow fan cluster,the resistance characteristics of the fin-tube banks of air-cooled condenser as well as the working point of the direct air-cooled system were presented.The results show that the flow rate of each fan of the fan cluster is between that of each fan of the parallel running fans and that of individual fan.The performance of the axial flow fan cluster depends not only on the performance of each fan,but also on the number and array way of the fans.The non-linear effect becomes more remarkable with the air-cooled system capacity increasing.It explains the non-linear enlargement of the heat transfer area of air-cooled system with the capacity of the air-cooled unit increasing to some extent and can be used as one of the theoretical bases of the air-cooled system designing.


(Purpose) In order to identify a large-scale rabbit farm fungal pathogen of skin and rabbit skin for the rapid detection of fungal disease to provide a molecular biological methods.(Method) based on rDNA sequences of fungal skin-specific primers(5'-CACCGCCCGTCGCTACTAC-3 'and 5'-TTTCGCTGCGTTCTTCAT-3'),and other known isolates specific detection of microorganisms,etc.;application of the primer by taken to cut out diseased rabbits and 35 samples of clinically healthy rabbits 5 copies of the PCR detection and sequencing.(Results) the primers immunogenicity of four common skin fungal isolates amplified a 400bp-500bp in between the bands were Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes was 460bp,Microsporum canis 500bp,gypsum kind of small spores as 400bp,but other micro-organisms and rabbit cells were not similar to the fragment amplified,indicating with specificity;33 of clinical disease 35 compound were amplified a 460bp band for the hair ringworm genus,with the sequencing results.Healthy rabbits of a similar sample not amplified fragments.(Conclusion) In this study,universal primers for rabbit skin fungal PCR,and is fast,simple and specific characteristics of strong,large scale rabbit skin can be used for the diagnosis of fungal disease and have important public health significance of.


The influence of the deposition rate on the microstructure and hardness of TiO2-SiO2 and TiO2-MgF2 composites and their single component films prepared by reactive ion-assisted coevaporation in the deposition rate range 0.14 to 2 nm/s are investigated using an x-ray diffractometer, a transmission electron microscope, and a microhardness tester. It is found that the hardness of the composite films and their single components increase with a decreasing deposition rate. However, the hardnesses of TiO2-SiO2 and TiO2-MgF2 composite films were generally lower than that of pure SiO2 and MgF2, respectively, at the same component deposition rate. This indicates that the addition of TiO2 reduces the hardness of Si02 and MgF2 films. The ultrahigh hardness of pure MgF2 films deposited by ion assistance at the deposition rate of 0.14 nm/s probably results from the high packing density, low lattice defects, and the small grain size (<20 nm) with the preferred orientation of [110]. Furthermore, the homogeneous dispersion of these hard nanoscale MgF2 grains within the amorphous TiO2 matrix causes the hardening of the composite film.


The world should sever the dependence of fossil fuel to solve serious global environmental issues. Recently, although the dissemination of the nuclear plant was promoted because of the low CO 2 emission in the world, it will be controlled by the accident of the Fukushima nuclear plant due to the East Japan great earthquake. Therefore, renewable energies such as the sunshine, the wind forces and biomasses are paid to attention as an alternative energy of the fossil fuel and nuclear power, and the dissemination of the fuel cell such as Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells and Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells is greatly expected from the world, especially. However, these fuel cells are too expensive by use of the noble metal catalyst, a high manufacturing cost, a low lifetime and insufficient ensuring hydrogen. Therefore, as the development of a low-cost fuel cell is expected, microbial fuel cells (MFC) are paid to attention. The cost of MFCs can be reduced because microbes as a catalyst can be manufactured from the genetic operation at a low price, and organic waste such as sludge and food residue etc. become a fuel for MFC. Therefore, MFC are expected to apply to from large-scale sewage plant to a portable power source. However, the MFCs performances such as power density, stability, durability and so on are worse than that of other fuel cells and power source. Therefore, we aim to solve these issues by improving the mechanical factors. However, it is difficult to evaluate the performance of the MFCs accurately because the growth and extinction of a microbe greatly depend on the experimental condition such as temperature, power generation and fuel quantity etc. Wherein, we made two trial products of MFC that used the commercially available active dry yeast as an anode catalyst, evaluated its performance, and have extracted the problem of MFC. As a result, we obtained the max power of 0.85 - 1.0 mW/cm 2 by two trial products of MFC. Moreover, the influence of the fuel diffusion polarization on the performance was larger than conventional fuel cells. It was clarified that the cell structure such as an interelectrode distance and a shape of fuel tank in each pole etc. influences the cell performance. Additionally, the fixation in electrode of microbe and the effective supply method to microbe of fuel should be further examined to improve the cell performance.


We show that the general low-energy Bogoliubov-de-Genness Hamiltonian in a multiband superconductor with broken time reversal and preserved inversion symmetry is a generator of real four-dimensional representation of $SO(4)$. In the particular representation such an effective Hamiltonian is a purely imaginary matrix, and it is proportional to the antisymmetric tensor of a fictitious electromagnetic field which one can define in the momentum space. The quantum time evolution of the low energy quasiparticle state becomes this way closely related to the classical relativistic motion of a charged particle in the presence of the Lorentz force that would derive from such an electromagnetic field configuration. The condition for the emergence of a Bogoliubov-Fermi surface can then be understood as orthogonality of the fictitious electric and magnetic fields, which would allow zero Lorentz force. The corresponding zero-energy eigenstates are identified as the physical time-like and the unphysical space-like solutions of the Lorentz force equation. We study the looming instability of the inversion-symmetric Bogoliubov-Fermi surface in presence of electron-electron interaction by formulating a concrete interacting model on Lieb's lattice that features the requisite $SO(4)$ kinetic energy term together with nearest-neighbor two-body repulsion. The latter is shown to favor dynamical breaking of the inversion symmetry. The inversion symmetry in our lattice model indeed becomes spontaneously broken at zero temperature at infinitesimal repulsion, with the original Bogoliubov-Fermi surface deformed and reduced in size. General features of this symmetry breaking phenomenon are discussed and a comparison with other works in literature is presented.


Following a brief overview of the underlying theory, experimental results are presented for the first time showing circulator action in a semiconductor junction structure. An axially magnetized indium-antimonide disc fixed in a three-port finline structure and cooled to the temperature of boiling nitrogen, 77 K gives circulation across K/spl alpha/-band. For a dc magnetic bias of 0.73 T, a 15-dB isolation is recorded from 28 to 40 GHz, or a fractional bandwidth of at least 35%. Typical insertion loss is less than 1.5 dB from the WG22 reference plane at the test fixture ports. Continued operation above 40 GHz is predicted, but has not yet been measured. Measurement suggests that circulation is evident even where the effective propagation constant is imaginary, although better theoretical agreement is achieved when this is a real quantity. This new device makes millimeter-wave broad-band circulation a possibility and confirms the current model based upon the Drude-Zener approximation. A theoretical example is then given for a design operating to 140 GHz, yielding a fractional bandwidth of 110%.


As an important aspect of quality education, environmental education is closely connected with the improvement of people's environment quality in the West region and leaves positive influence upon the sustainable development of the West region. It must be combined with advanced theory of global environmental education, experience and lessons gained in the East China, based on the cultural traditions of the people there, local natural and humane environment, living and production practices. It should aim at future and suit measures to the local conditions as well. The inheriting and changing of the customs are the same important.


The author assumes that pure liquid metal is composed of molecular oscillators whose energy states are classified into two subgroups, i.e., A and B states, each being accesible to either one of the two sorts of lattice sites. The partition function involves constants characteristic of substance, which are obtainable from the Debye characteristic temperature assigned to its solid state. Calculation has been made for the various thermodynamic properties such as the vapor pressure, the entropy, and the heat capacity of liquid metals of GroupⅠelements over the temperature range from the melting points to the boiling points. The theoretical values thus obtained are in good accordances with those observed, within experimental error, although a slight derivation is observed in the atomic heat capacity.


Physical ultrasonics is a mature field and in this review some branches of the subject are discussed. After a brief introduction, various ultrasonic transducers like piezoelectric, ceramic, capacitive, electromagnetic and optical methods for generation of ultrasonic waves have been discussed. Some linear and non-linear ultrasonic phenomena are then summarized. In the case of non-linear phenomena, parametric arrays, acoustic cavitation, sonoluminescence and sonochemistry have been presented. A discussion of surface acoustic waves and devices, optical storage cell, acoustooptic effects and underwater acoustics is then given. Finally some special topics such as, acoustic emission, acoustic microscopy, sound amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, medical diagnosis and ultrasonic lithotripsy are discussed briefly


A rhododaurichromanic acid A derivative was synthesized from the naturally occurring daurichromenic acid in enantiomeric pure form. Its absolute configuration was elucidated by applying VCD, ECD and DFT calculations.


Objective To compare the application of common and ultrasound-guided peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICC) catheterization methods in the hospitalized patients of the department of gastroenterology.Methods One hundred and six the hospitalized patients of the department of gastroenterology with PICC catheterization were divided into the common group (n =71) and the ultrasound-guided group (n =35).The success rate of puncture,the degree of comfort and the incidence rate of complication were compared between two groups.Results No differences were found in the success rate of first puncture (94.4% vs 94.3%) and the total success rate of puncture (98.6% vs 100%) between the common group and the ultrasound-guided group (x2 =0.03,0.50,respectively; P > 0.05).The incidence of complication in the ultrasound-guided group (2/35,5.7%) was significantly lower than that of the common group (22/71,31.0%),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =8.548,P <0.01).The degree of comfort in the ultrasound-guided group was significantly better than that of the common group in the tumor patients with chemotherapy,and no difference was found between the acute and chronic pancreatitis patients.Conclusions The success rate of ultrasound-guided PICC is higher than that of the common PICC,and the ultrasound-guided PICC can significantly reduce the incidence rate of comphcation,and improve the degree of comfort in tumor patients with PICC.

Key words:
PICC ;  Ultrasound-guided;  Complication ;  Gastroenterology department


This paper is proposed based on the risk of corrosion online monitoring (CROM) of oil and gas field station key equipment integrity management system, the key for the key equipment of oil and gas field station (industrial pipeline and equipment), through on-line monitoring technology on corrosion and continuous monitoring of key equipment service condition, obtain the evolution process of key equipment performance, evaluation the corrosion risk level of key equipment, prediction of critical equipment service life.


Aiming at the characteristic of cooling tower with gas flue,the rigid model and aero-elastic model in the wind tunnel are carried out,the data gained in the test are loaded to calculate the structural response,through the comparison with the response under earthquake excitation,it is obvious that the responsese of annular base and tower shell are wholly controlled by wind loading,their influencese of supporting columns are not obvious,which work with deadweight.The value under wind load is much greater than the value under earthquake excitation,the stress concentration is found around the hole,the reinforcement must be adopted through the stability analysis.


Technology and bureaucracy are relations of systems and products of scientific knowledge. Village bureaucracy in the current reality is bureaucracy that relies on the concept of good corporate governance. The role of technology in this case is its power in forming a system that is compatible with village conditions. This article will examine how the Village Information System was designed and the extent of its contribution as a vehicle for communication. In this context it is certainly related to the development of village communities. This article is a literature review with secondary data sources including scientific publications, scientific documents and other artifacts. The result of the study is that the Village Information System provides a good communication function for stakeholder two-way communication with village communities. The geographical profile of villages in Indonesia is not all connected to the internet, so the design of SID ( Sistem Informasi Desa- Village Information System ) limited. It needs equitable development of communication - information infrastructure in Indonesia.


Focusing on Egypt's occupation by the French (1798–1801) and the British (1882–1954), this book tries to answer the classic question of why the colonizers' culture appeals to the colonized. In theoretically fluent, and often brilliant, close readings of original texts and translations by Napoleon Bonaparte, Hassan al-'attar, Rifa'a al-Tahtawi, ali Mubarak, Muhammad al-Siba'i, Muhammad Husayn Haykal, Taha Hussayn, 'abbas Mahmud al-'aqqad, and Naguib Mahfouz, Shaden Tageldin examines crucial moments in the history of translation from French and English into arabic from 1798 to 1947. She argues that major Egyptian intellectuals and translators were "seduced" by European orientalists' mastery of, and apparent reverence for, the arabic language and its literature.


In this paper, we consider the weighted problem \begin{document}$ \Delta (|x|^{-\alpha} \Delta u) = |x|^{\beta} u^p, \qquad u(x)>0, \qquad u(x) = u(|x|)\qquad \text{in}\; \; \mathbb{R}^n\backslash{\{0}\}, $\end{document} where \begin{document}$ n\ge 5, -n and \begin{document}$ (p, \alpha,\beta, n), p>1 $\end{document} belongs to the critical hyperbola \begin{document}$ \frac{n+\alpha}{2}+\frac{n+\beta}{p+1} = n-2. $\end{document} We give two type-homoclinic functions \begin{document}$ v(t): = |x|^{\frac{n-4-\alpha}{2}}u(|x|), t = -\ln |x| $\end{document} . On the other hand, for radial solution \begin{document}$ u $\end{document} with non-removable singularity at origin, \begin{document}$ v(t) $\end{document} is periodic and classification for all periodic functions are obtained with \begin{document}$ -2 ; while for \begin{document}$ -n there always exists a solution \begin{document}$ u(|x|) $\end{document} with non-removable singularity and the corresponding function \begin{document}$ v(t) $\end{document} is not periodic. It is also closely related to the Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality, and we get some results such as the best embedding constants and the existence in radial case. In particular, for \begin{document}$ \alpha = \beta = 0 $\end{document} , it is related to the \begin{document}$ Q $\end{document} -curvature problem in conformal geometry.


The purposes of this study were to investigate three-dimensional gait characteristics of hip, knee and ankle joints, and ground reaction forces in young Thai male and female subjects. Twenty healthy volunteer subjects (10 male and 10 females) in the age range 17-25 years were tested. Gait analysis was acquired using a Motion Analysis TM six-camera system and two force platforms with OrthoTrak TM II software. Seventeen spherical reflective body markers were attached to the left and right sides of the body. Subjects were asked to walk across the camera fields of view. Three trials of preferred speed walking were collected for each subject. The temporospatial characteristics, the sagittal angular displacements of hip, knee and ankle joints, and ground reaction forces (GRF) were calculated and analysed. Comparisons of gait characteristics between left and right lower extremities, and between male and female subjects were also reported. The results revealed no significant differences in temporospatial characteristics between the male and female groups. There were consistent patterns of motion for the hip joint in female subjects were greater than those in the male subjects, while the sagittal angular angular displacements of the knee joint in the male subjects were greater than those in the female subjects. A typical pattern of vertical GRF was demonstrated in all subjects. The results of this study have shown symmetrical gait characteristics between left and right lower extremities in both the male and female groups.


Kim I, Kim JH, Rhee JY, Kim JW, Cho HJ, Cho E‐Y, Lee J‐E, Hong Y‐C, Park SS, Yoon S‐S, Park MH, Park S, Kim BK. Patient HSP70‐hom TG haplotype is associated with decreased transplant‐related mortality and improved survival after sibling HLA‐matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Clin Transplant 2010: 24: 459–466.
© 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.


We describe the dynamics of magnetic skyrmions in synthetic antiferromagnets (SAF), with a finite interlayer coupling. Due to the opposite gyrovector of the skyrmions in the two SAF layers, the coupled skyrmions reach a stationary regime with a spatial separation, in a direction orthogonal to their velocity. As a consequence, and contrary to the ferromagnetic situation, a transient regime necessarily occurs, with a finite acceleration, related to an inertia, and that limits its time response. The formalism developed here, based on two coupled Thiele equations, allows a quantitative description of this phenomenon. The time constant associated to the transient regime scales inversely with the antiferromagnetic coupling constant. We also show that the coupling force reaches a maximal value at a finite skyrmion separation. This sets a maximum velocity limit, beyond which the the coupling force cannot stabilize the bound state.


Some binary black hole systems potentially observable in LISA could be in orbit around a supermassive black hole (SMBH). The imprint of relativistic three-body effects on the waveform of the binary can be used to estimate all the parameters of the triple system, in particular the mass of the SMBH. We determine the phase shift in the waveform due to the Doppler effect of the SMBH up to second order in velocity, which breaks a well-known exact degeneracy of the lowest-order Doppler effect between the mass of the SMBH and its inclination. We perform several parameter estimations for LISA signals including this additional dephasing in the wave, showing that one can determine accurately all parameters of the three-body system. Our results indicate that one can measure the mass of a $10^8\,$M$_{\odot}$ SMBH with an accuracy better than $\sim 30\%$ (resp. $\sim 15\%$) by monitoring the waveform of a binary system whose period around the SMBH is less 100 yr (resp. 20 yr).


Wepresent ageneral framework andanefficient algorithm fortrackingrelevant video structures. Thestructures tobetracked areimplicitly defined byaMatching Pursuit procedure that extracts and ranks themostimportant imagecontours. Basedontheranking, thecontours areautomatically selected toinitialize aParticle Filteringtracker. Theproposed algorithm deals withsalient video entities whosebehavior hasanintuitive meaning, related tothephysics of thesignal. Moreover, astheinteractions between suchstructures areeasily defined, theinference ofhigher level signal configurations canbemadeintuitive. Theproposed algorithm improves theperformance ofexisting video structures trackers, while reducing the computational complexity. Thealgorithm isdemonstrated onaudiovisual source localization. IndexTerms-Videosignal processing, tracking, feature extraction, audio-visual processing.


Summary For simple models of the movement on a fault during an earthquake the temperature on the fault plane is shown to reach the melting temperature for short periods if the slip is sufficiently large. The displacement required to produce melting depends on the magnitude of the regional stress and also on the friction stress. If both stresses are one kilobar melting can occur for displacements as small as one millimetre. If, however, both stresses are ten bars melting is impossible for any observed displacement. It is estimated that the width of the melted zone could be between 2 mm and lcm. Melting on fault planes during earthquakes is not in disagreement with geological and geophysical observations, and suggests a new explanation for some mylonites. Melting may be important because the molten film rock formed on the fault may act as a lubricant and in the case of large earthquakes allow the release of almost all the elastic strain in the region of the shock. This would provide an important constraint in estimating the state of stress along a fault.


The World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84) is the global reference frame upon which Global Positioning System (GPS) observations are referenced to. Observations in the frame are in latitudes, longitudes and ellipsoidal heights. For use in a particular locality, it is necessary to convert these into the local coordinate system. In Ghana, the datum and ellipsoidal parameters for Ghana War Office and Clarke 1880 are used for the transformation of the GPS coordinates from the WGS 84 datum system to the Ghana National Grid System. This paper therefore examines post processed DGPS data using these two datum and ellipsoidal definitions separately. Dual frequency DGPS data were collected from 19 survey pillars (ie SGW D224/14/1 to SGW D224/14/19) and post processed using Clarke 1880 datum and ellipsoidal parameters. The raw data was also post processed using Ghana War Office datum and ellipsoidal parameters. The results for the two indicated an average difference of 7.23 m (23.72 ft) for 19 stations. This certainly does not fall within the tolerance set by Survey and Mapping Division (SMD) of the Lands Commission for cadastral plans production, which is +/- 0.9114 m (+/-3 ft). A composite plan using the post processed data from the two datum and ellipsoidal definitions was produced. The plan shows an overlapping area by the use of the two coordinates to plot, an indication of a potential conflict between ownership on paper which may not necessary exist on the ground.


The invention disclosed an activating agent for producing dissolving pulp, and a preparation method of the activating agent. The activating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-400 parts of alkyl polyglycoside, 100-200 parts of xylanase, 0-20 parts of alkali, 30-60 parts of glycerol, 10-30 parts of sodium chloride, 10-30 parts of saccharose and 260-650 parts of water. The activating agent not only improves the reaction performance of the dissolving pulp, but also reduces the production cost; furthermore, the activating agent is non-toxic and harmless, thus being an environment-friendly product and meeting the requirements of clean production of pulping enterprises.


In order to improve the sharp return characteristics of the flutter mechanism, and then increase the downward power of the flutter aircraft, reduce the drag of the wing upward, and increase the flight efficiency, this paper designs a flutter drive mechanism with sharp return characteristics based on the eccentric crank slider flutter structure. Firstly, the kinematic model of the eccentric crank slider mechanism is established through motion analysis, and then the simulation model of the flutter mechanism is established in SOLIDWORKS to simulate its motion and verify its theoretical analysis. The results show that the designed flutter mechanism has an upper limit angle of 17°, a lower limit angle of -34°, and a travel speed ratio of 1.35, which are consistent with the flight parameters of the selected bionic bird, so it has good aerodynamic performance. And the kinematic parameters obtained from the simulation are consistent with the theoretical calculation, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical calculation.


This paper addresses legislative attempts to limit the executive's authority to conduct detention operations during the course of an armed conflict. I wrote this article in response to the President's recent veto of the National Defense Authorization Act because of - in part - separation of powers issues.


An attempt has been carried out to accelerate Ras cheese ripening by pre-treatment of cheese milk with β-galactosidase. Milk was treated with a β-galactosidase enzyme preparation, namely lactozym (1 ml/kg milk), at 33°C for 1 h or at 4°C for 18 h and used for Ras cheese making. Flavour intensity, formation of soluble nitrogen compounds, free amino acids and liberation of free fatty acids were enhanced in cheese made from β-galactosidase treated milk. In addition, the ripening period was reduced to 2 months compared with 4 months required for control cheese. Treatment of cheese milk with β-galactosidase at 4°C or 33°C showed a similar effect on the properties of cheese.


We study trajectories of collective spin states of an ensemble of spinors. The spinors considered here are either trapped ions in free space or atoms confined in a cavity, both systems of which are engineered through their interactions with light fields to obey an effective Dicke model. In an appropriate limit of the Dicke model, one obtains one-axis twisting dynamics of the collective spin and evolution after a finite time to a spin cat state, or, in the long-time limit, the Dicke state |S, 0〉x, conditioned upon there being no photon emissions from the system (i.e., no quantum jumps). If there is a jump, however, the system evolves probabilistically into one of a finite number of entangled-state cycles, where the system then undergoes a persistent sequence of jumps between two Dicke state superpositions in a rotated basis. The different cycles can be distinguished by the frequency at which jumps occur.


It is challenging to provide accurate attitude estimation for a quadrotor during aggressive maneuvers, which involve violent and fast motion with uncertainty on sensors. In this unique case, we propose a fast adaptive Complementary Filter, which fuses raw measurements from a MARG sensor system and could cope with the large range of quadrotor manuvers. The performance of the filter is validated on an actual quadrotor platform, by comparing with the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and the Error State Kalman Filter (ESKF) simultaneously. The experimental results show that the proposed CF has better estimate accuracy, low time-latency and stable orientation outputs in a quadrotor's attitude estimate.


Relevance of earnings for explaining equity prices is investigated by many value relevance studies. This study investigates whether fiscal year end earnings as a proxy for next period's earnings have additional information, beyond the information incorporated in contemporaneous equity price, for explaining next fiscal period's end equity price. Results show that earnings have statistically significant additional information for explaining next fiscal year end equity price, even though the explanatory power of earnings is very low as not considerably supported for model utility. As Ohlson (1995) explores informativeness of fiscal year end earnings as a proxy for next period's earnings, two alternative models are suggested, where next fiscal year end equity price and price change are considered as the dependent variable and fiscal year end (current) equity price is accommodated as an additional explanatory variable. However, using stationary price change as the dependent variable would be much useful in value relevance studies for econometric reasons. In this context, fiscal year end equity price provides a benchmark to assess additional informativeness of earnings and facilitate the estimated coefficients of earnings to capture and represent the information incorporated in the earnings data.


Electromagnetic scattering from an infinite and a finite length PEMC circular cylinder, illuminated by an arbitrarily oriented dipole, is investigated theoretically. An electric dipole as a source of excitation is considered first, and then a magnetic dipole as a source of excitation is treated. In contrast to the case of an axially directed dipole, it is shown that no additional terms are needed to incorporate the cross-polarized component of the field for the case of radial and circumferential dipoles. Numerical verifications are presented to verify the validity of derived results and numerical code by comparing results with the published literature.


In his early treatise De Ente et Essentia (1250-1256), Thomas Aquinas briefly sketches an argument for the existence of God that begins with the real distinction of essence and existence (esse) in the things of our experience. From there, the argument says that a cause is needed to explain the esse of said things, and that such a cause ultimately needs to be something whose essence is identical to its existence (aka. God).1 Hence, a crucial step of the argument is to establish a real distinction between essence and existence. In the De Ente, Aquinas puts forward two arguments to defend such a step: (i) the so-called intellectus essentiae argument, and (ii) an argument from multiplicity. Out of the two, the first one has been highly controversial in the History of philosophy, even among Thomistic philosophers themselves. Aquinas's own statement of the argument goes as follows:


"The song of youth" is a typical "red growth" novel.By using a series of narrative tactics,it describes the progress that the protagonist LIN Dao-jing grows up gradually.The revolutionary leaders' preaches and the baptism ceremony during the progress of the protagonist's growing are religious rhetoric techniques,Revolution ideal replacing love choice is the growth ideology techniques,Revising and standard text are the growth compensation narrative techniques.It can be found out that the narrative techniques on growth are the "legality" of Nation-state modernist imagination.


We propose and motivate an API for programming distributed applications using a structured overlay network of peers as infrastructure. The API offers simple primitives and powerful mechanisms, in a way that is independent from the underlying overlay. The dynamic set of participants is abstracted by providing a flat space of keys, transparently scattered across all participants in the overlay. The API primitives allow application instances to send messages towards individual keys. Two different kinds of messages can be exchanged, namely, unidirectional and request-response; the latter takes place in a split-phase non-blocking way, so that the application can be made latency-tolerant and thus more performing. The request-response pattern is also shown to be crucial for those applications demanding a degree of user anonymity. The semantics of messages is not defined by the API itself. Rather, the API offers a mechanism to allow the application to set up handlers, which are upcalls to run upon message arrivals at each peer. The overall behaviour of the application is thus shaped by the handlers. The API also allows to define application-level handlers for other two typical tasks of any dynamic peer-to-peer system, namely, the migration of keys across peers after new peer arrivals, and the regeneration of missing keys after peer departures.


Thermo-responsive wettability is studied for adaptive surface, which can potentially help to enhance the performance of thermal devices under various operation conditions. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) or PNIPAAm polymer brush can be grafted onto solid surfaces so that at temperatures below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), the surface is hydrophilic, while at temperatures above LCST, it automatically becomes more hydrophobic. In this study, PNIPAAm is grafted on to aluminum alloy 6061, which is a multipurpose alloy commonly used in thermal mechanical systems. It is demonstrated by water static contact angle experiment at varies temperature that, the surface is hydrophobic at temperatures above LCST, and hydrophilic below LCST. The results are compared with bare aluminum surface at similar temperatures. Grafting PNIPAAm polymer brush on roughened aluminum surface would result in the ability to automatically switch between superhydrophobic state and superhydrophilic state in response to temperature change.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


The article proposes a computational method for determining the concentrations of pollutants inside a ventilated or cleaned room, taking into account the initial conditions and parameters of the flow rate, incoming or purified air, the volume of the room, the initial concentrations of the pollutant in the atmospheric air and in the room air, the parameters of the efficiency of the air cleaner. The article proposes the solution of two mass transfer equations under known initial conditions for two methods of cleaning rooms. When solving the first equation, a direct mass transfer calculation was carried out, which makes it possible to determine the effect of natural or artificial ventilation used indoors with small linear dimensions on the change in the concentration of the selected air polluting substance in the form of a chemical compound or an aerosol containing biological or chemical pollutants. When solving the second equation, a direct mass transfer calculation was carried out, which makes it possible to determine the effect of the operation of an air purifier used indoors with small linear dimensions on the change in the concentration of the selected air polluting substance in the form of a chemical compound or an aerosol containing biological or chemical pollutants. Calculations allow us to determine the time during which a residential office or industrial space is saturated with pollutants or cleaned to the required air quality standards, taking into account the influence of factors such as pollution of the surface layers of atmospheric air, the appearance of pollutants inside the room, the performance and efficiency of ventilation or air purification systems. The proposed calculation methods can be used to determine changes in the quality of indoor air over time, including taking into account changes in oxygen concentrations and pollutants indoors, determining the effectiveness of ventilation and air purification systems of various capacities in residential, office, medical and industrial premises. Ethics. The study does not require the submission of a biomedical ethics committee opinion or other documents.


Drawing especially on an important essay by Martin Heidegger, entitled "Science and Reflection" (1977), this article argues that case reports can, and should, be written for scientific use. This issue was brought to the fore early on in Freud's career, upon his realization that his own case studies read like short stories and that they lacked "the serious stamp of science." Consoled by the fact that "the nature of the subject" was responsible for this and that more traditional scientific procedures "[led] nowhere," he would continue with such writing and, through it, continue to fashion and refashion psychoanalytic theory. Freud, therefore, arrived at something of a paradox: even though by traditional standards—including, on some level, his own—his case studies seemed questionable in regard to their scientific utility, it was precisely these studies that yielded the desired insight. Knowingly or not, Freud abided by what is, arguably, the first and most fundamental responsibility of the scientific enterprise: fidelity to the phenomena. Given the clear and obvious value of case reports, it follows that the meaning of "science," as customarily conceived, is problematically restrictive and that it ought to be reconceived in such a way as to include, rather than exclude, the kinds of literary pursuits that psychoanalysts and narrative psychologists more generally have found to be so central to their efforts to understand and explain the movement of human lives. Portions of this essay appeared under the title "Wissenschaft und Narration" in Journal für Psychologie, 15(2).


The paper discusses NCATE,the evaluation of teacher education institutions of US,including its evaluation scope,standards and procedure.And it also puts forward some implications from the evaluation system which is of value and can be used to the research in theory and practice in this field in China.


A film deposition apparatus for forming a thin film by supplying a first reactant gas and a second reactant gas in a vacuum container includes a rotation table, a first reactant gas supply unit and a second reactant gas supply unit extending radially at a first angular position and at a second angular position with respect to a rotation center, respectively, a first purge gas supply unit disposed at a third angular position between the first angular position and the second angular position, a first space having a first height in an area including the first angular position, a second space having a second height in an area including the second angular position, a third space disposed in an area including the third angular position having a height lower than the first height and the second height, and a heating unit configured to heat the first purge gas.


The winter wheat dual-mulching experiments were carried out with plastic film mulching on ridges and other different mulching materials in furrows in Weibei dryland from September 2007 to June 2009.The results showed that: The treatment of plastic film and straw dual-mulching can increase wheat yield significantly,the highest rate of increase is 39.62%(P0.05) compared with the CK(no covering on ridges or in furrows),and the two-year average yield of wheat in the treatment of dual-mulching with plastic film and black liquid film increased by 32.16%,and the treatment of only plastic film mulching on ridges increased by 29.99%.The treatment of dual-mulching with plastic film and straw has obvious effect of preserving soil moisture within 0~40 cm soil depth,which can effectively improve soil moisture content.The soil moisture content of 0~40 cm soil depth increased by 15.81% in heading stage.The treatment of dual-mulching with plastic film and black liquid film has a good water-retention effect in the early growth period of wheat,which increased the water content by 11.01% within 0~40 cm soil depth at jointing stage of winter wheat.The water use efficiency in the treatments of dual-mulching with plastic film and straw,and dual-mulching with plastic film and black liquid film were increased by 31.11%(P0.05) and 26.20%(P0.05) respectively compared with the CK.


A primary goal in any hazardous materials situation is to make sure that physicians, nurses, and other emergency department personnel do not become


Lingbao Converter Station plays a key role in HVDC back-to-back interconnection project between Northwest China Grid and Central China Grid.Located in Jiaocun Town,Lingbao City,Sanmenxia District,Henan Province,It is the northwest boundary of Central China Grid.The distance is 400m to Zidong substation of Central China Grid,and 82km to LuoFu substation of Northwest China Grid.It covers 6.8 hectares,Lingbao converter station is the first HVDC back-to-back transmission project in China.Rated transmission power of Lingbao converter station is 360MW,and the power transmission is bidirectional.The capacitor plays an important part in the primary equipment of Lingbao Converter Station,which is the origin of reactor for the Lingbao Converter station's safe and stable work and has a higher failure rate compared with other devices.The capacitor's stable work indirectly influences on Lingbao converter station's safe and stable work..In order to assure the inspection quality of recovery processing,This paper summarized the treatment methods of the malfunction of the capacitors in the converter station.It introduces the methods in detail in three aspects such as the determination means of the malfunction capacitor,the detection means of the balance of the capacitor bridge,and the balancing adjustment means of the capacitor bridge,so that it offers the experience of treatment methods of the malfunction of the capacitors.Lingbao converter station's safety and stable work is very significant to transmit power from west China to east China,develop national industry and promote nationwide power system grid interconnection.


In-depth speech outline. Subtitle: "Value Analysis in Terms of the Thinking of Managers--Not Doers." Main headings are: "Why Value Analysis; How Different; What Do I Do; What Problems; What Results."


Freelancing human experts play an important role in Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs). Expert ratings partially reflect the reciprocal network of ICO members and analysts. Ratings predict ICO success, but highly imperfectly. Favorably rated ICOs tend to fail when more ratings reciprocate prior ratings. Failure despite strong ratings is also frequent when analysts have a history of optimism, and when reviews strike a particulary positive tone. These findings help illuminate the workings of ICOs for funding new ventures, and the rich data also yield insights pertinent to the literature on equity analysts and rating agencies.


The products and features of process,main equipment and automation system of a domestic 3800mm heavy plate rolling line were introduced.