The goal of this article is to determine which closure model should be used in simulating complex flows of liquid-crystalline polymers (LCPs). We examine the performance of six closure models: the quadratic closure, a quadratic closure with finite molecular aspect ratio, the two Hinch–Leal closures, a hybrid between the quadratic and the first Hinch–Leal closures and a recently proposed Bingham closure. The first part of the article studies the predictions of the models in homogeneous flows. We generate their bifurcation diagrams in the (U,Pe) plane, where U is the nematic strength and Pe is the Peclet number, and place special emphasis on the effects of the flow type. These solutions are then compared with the "exact solutions" of the unapproximated Doi theory. Results show the Bingham closure to give the best approximation to the Doi theory in terms of reproducing transitions between the director aligning, wagging and tumbling regimes at the correct values of U and Pe and predicting the arrest of period...


Marine oil spill incidents create concerns about human health risks, particularly in nearshore locations such as beaches used for recreation. To improve the timeliness of risk estimates during an oil spill, we need to expand modelling capacity for oil spill chemicals (OSCs) from predictions for chemical bulk measurements such as Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) to predictions of individual concentrations of the more toxic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)s.
 The objective of this study is to establish a relationship for TPH and PAH nearshore sampling concentration values with the oil mass landing and TPH hindcast from a 3D Hydrodynamic Fate and Transport Model (3D-FTM) for a past oil spill. The overall goal is to use this information to expand current modeling capacities to predict concentration distributions for individual PAHs as a starting point for health risk assessment.
 During Phase I of this study, historic sampling data for various matrices (weathered oil, seawater and sediments) were used to evaluate PAH concentration distributions within time-space specific categories. The categories corresponded to samples collected prior to nearshore oiling, post nearshore oiling and at no time impacted by oil as predicted by historic oil spill trajectories. For matrices within each category, concentration frequency distributions and concentration patterns were generated for a subset of PAHs. Results show differences in PAH concentration patterns within each matrix and for each category. Concentration frequency distributions for most PAHs in each category were log-normally distributed.
 Phase II is ongoing. Here we analyze PAH and TPH concentrations measured from surface weathered oil slick samples collected at the time of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. Preliminary results show that concentrations for a subset of PAHs in weathered oil slicks correlate well with TPH concentrations (R2=0.76).
 We are collocating the historic environmental sampling data with the output from the Oil-Connectivity Modelling System (Oil-CMS). The relationship between measured and model predicted TPH is explored by comparing values for samples that coincide in time and space with the model's particles. A subsequent step is to use output of the oil-CMS in combination with the physical and chemical properties for each PAH to predict concentration distributions for individual PAHs. The overarching goal is to improve risk estimates and, therefore, better guide public health decision-making.


As soon as I completed my training in neurology in 1977 in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, and started practising as a neurologist, I observed the huge number of people who suffer with headache and realised how poor my training had been in the subject. I was asked to create an outpatient clinic in the Ribeirão Preto University Hospital; I worked there until 2006 and collaborated in the training of successful headache specialists. I served for three terms as President of the Brazilian Headache Society, and for two terms as President of the Latin American Headache Society. Most of my career has been devoted to headache education throughout Brazil and Latin America. I have served on the IHS Membership and Education Committees for many years; I was co-opted to sit on the IHS Board of Trustees in 2009 and elected as a member in 2011. With the Brazilian and Latin American Headache Societies, I have been working successfully in helping to increase the number of IHS members from Latin America. The Brazilian Headache Society has just facilitated the first IHS Headache Master School in Brazil, a challenging project aimed at creating headache specialists in regions in the world where they are badly needed. With the guidance of such headache education experts as Allan Purdy and Alan Rapoport, a two-day course was held in São Paolo in September 2011. Online learning is ongoing, and a second course will be held in May 2012, to be followed by a final examination. The school attracted 117 delegates, mostly from Brazil, and their response to the school has been very encouraging.


Introduction Facial covering and mask use is generally considered a preventive measure in reducing spread of infectious respiratory illnesses. With the COVID-19 pandemic, covering of the face, except the eyes, has become the norm for the first time for most people. Social interactions and clinical observation rely heavily on non-verbal communication of which facial expression is of utmost importance. While clinicians, especially in mental health settings, are acutely aware of the loss of information transmitted through the lower half of the face, signs of tardive dyskinesia may be forgotten in the list of potentially missed information. Objectives To reflect on possible failure to detect orobuccolingual movements of tardive dyskinesia due to use of facial masks. Methods Reflection on a clinical case of a patient with a treatment refractory psychosis who presents to an outpatient appointment with a facial mask. After the appointment, a family member transmitted having observed what appeared to be involuntary masticatory movements in the patient. Results Facial masks and coverings occult signs that may be visible on the lower half of the face. Conclusions Facial masks and coverings are essential in preventing COVID-19 contagion. Clinicians must keep in mind loss of information when part of the face is not visible. Tardive dyskinesia with orobuccolingual movements may be missed behind a mask. Family or other people who cohabit with the patient are essential information providers.


This paper emphasizes some of key mechanisms to support QoS for mobile users that are divided into two abstraction levels:packet level QoS and connection level QoS.In the following, routing technology,resource reservation,and admission control are all discussed in this paper. Moreover,some approaches to support diverse QoS belonging to each category in wireless/mobile networks are discussed.


In recent years, with the rapid development of cloud computing and Internet of things, traditional enterprise storage (such as San and NAS) has been unable to meet the storage requirements of massive unstructured data. Network access storage, block storage, file storage and object storage have set off a new round of development wave. These storage systems adopt scalable system structure, store data on multiple independent devices, and use multiple storage servers to share the storage load, which improves the reliability, availability, access efficiency and scalability of the system. However, at the same time, when connecting storage servers to these storage systems and daily monitoring and testing these servers, the testing of these large numbers of servers has become a major difficulty. Manual testing is inconvenient and inefficient. The demand of manufacturers to test a large number of hosts and more test cases makes manual testing very difficult. Therefore, the problem of server automation test continues to be solved, so the cloud test platform came into being. The cloud test platform has the characteristics of high efficiency and flexibility, test automation, simple operation, friendly display of test results and so on. This paper will analyze and compare these test methods from the perspective of manual test and test platform, and analyze the common system architecture.


being siRNAs, but still has its own limitations like silencing off targets and no access to nuclear genes. Hence among alternatives, catalytic nucleic acids are the best candidates to bet upon. The aim of this study is to use the catalytic nucleic acids like Ribozymes and DNAzymes as a candidate to have a control on the replication of influenza virus in the host cells. Methods: The M1 gene of A/PR/8/34 (H1N1)) strains were cloned in pcDNA 3. The computer based secondary structures of RNA were analyzed to design the DNAzymes with 10-23 catalytic motifs and the hammerhead Ribozymes. The DNAzymes and Ribozymes were also used in combination. Results: The DNAzymes were able to cleave the M1 RNA at 137 nt position whereas Ribozymes targeted at163 nt position in the same target. These catalytic nucleic acids were highly efficient under the simulated physiological conditions. When DNAzymes and Ribozymes were used in combination the cleavage was enhanced as compared to when they were used alone. Further an siRNA-Ribozyme construct was also designed. We have also demonstrated the modulation of the expression of target gene in controlled manner at RNA level by RT-PCR and FACs. Conclusion: This combinatorial strategy can be used to design multi target DNA-enzymes and Ribozymes to delay the appearance of escape mutants because of the low probability of simultaneous mutations in both the target RNA sites.


We have proposed wavelength-selective directional couplers with dissimilar waveguides designed for ultrafast optical differentiation within the femtosecond regime (corresponding to processing bandwidths > 10 THz) in simulation.


Bitcoin and other altcoin cryptocurrencies use the Elliptic-Curve cryptography to control the ownership of coins. A user has one or more private keys to sign a transaction and send coins to others. The user locks her private keys with a password and stores them on a piece of software or a hardware wallet to protect them. A challenge in cryptocurrencies is losing access to private keys by its user, resulting in inaccessible coins. These coins are assigned to addresses which access to their private keys is impossible. Today, about 20 percent of all possible bitcoins are inaccessible and lost forever. A promising solution is the off-chain recovery transaction that aggregates all available coins to send them to an address when the private key is not accessible. Unfortunately, this recovery transaction must be regenerated after all sends and receives, and it is time-consuming to generate on hardware wallets. In this paper, we propose a new mechanism called lean recovery transaction to tackle this problem. We make a change in wallet key management to generate the recovery transaction as less frequently as possible. In our design, the wallet generates a lean recovery transaction only when needed and provides better performance, especially for micropayment. We evaluate the regular recovery transaction on two real hardware wallets and implement our proposed mechanism on a hardware wallet. We achieve a %40 percentage of less processing time for generating payment transactions with few numbers of inputs. The performance difference becomes even more significant, with a larger number of inputs.


OVER 25 species of the genus candida have been identified on the basis of their morphologic, colonial and biochemical characteristics and their pathogenicity for man and animals. Candida albicans is the prototype of the pathogenic candida and is listed in most standard textbooks1 , 2 as the only member of the genus with pathogenicity for man. C. albicans, tropicalis, pseudotropicalis, krusei, parakrusei, stellatoidea and guilliermondi are the members of the genus commonly isolated from man.3 All have been found in routine cultures of nose, throat, skin, vagina and gastrointestinal tract and are usually regarded as saprophytes. They are often encountered in the . . .


Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic disease with infectious character, with extended incubation period. It may present cutaneous, neurological alterations that can lead to disabilities and deformities. With a hyperendemic character in Tocantins. Objective: Make an integrative review of literature in national periodics concerning harms of a delay diagnosis in leprosy. Method: This is an integrative review with articles search through the virtual health library (BVS). Also Occured from december 2019 to February 2020. Publications from 2015 to 2019, 27 publications were included in the study. Results and discussions: The delay of acknowledgement the leprosy may increase the chance of disabilities. It also continue as a stigmatizing pathology that the affected suffers prejudices and may lead to depressives symptoms. Conclusions: The disabilities and desformities generated are associated with the delay of his acknowlegdment, and furthermore the potencial for biopshycosocial harms that lower the life quality of the affected population.


I present a new property of prime numbers that leads to a generalization of Cramer's conjecture. The study of the gap between consecutive primes is treated as a special case of the gap between consecutive terms of sequences having a certain property called pseudo equidistribution. Both rigorous as well as heuristic arguments are given in support of the generalized Cramer's conjectures.


The purpose of this qualitative research project is to investigate the strengths and weaknesses among high academic achievers faced in their senior high school years. In-depth interviews are used in the study to collect rich, nuanced material, which is then thematically evaluated to find major themes. Expectation and Pressure from Others, Losing Interest, "Procrastination and Cramming", Distractions, and Family Pressure are the five issues that the research focuses on.
The results show that high academic achievers experience tremendous external pressure from peers, teachers, and parents, which can cause stress and anxiety. Academic burnout is evident since some individuals also express a progressive loss of enthusiasm and love for their study. When used to handle workload and pressure, unhealthy coping techniques like procrastination and cramming have a negative effect on learning outcomes. Academic performance is further hampered by personal interests and technological distractions. Additionally, family pressure has a significant impact on how students experience school, highlighting the need of setting reasonable expectations and maintaining open lines of communication.
The study comes to the conclusion that high achievers in senior high school require specialized assistance and interventions. It's crucial to establish a welcoming workplace that values individual goals, encourages intrinsic drive, and supports a good work-life balance. Time management abilities, study habits, and stress management strategies should all be covered in interventions. Concentration and productivity can be improved by reducing distractions and encouraging focused study time. To combat family pressure and create a healthier family dynamic, it is essential that parents, students, and educators have open communication with one another.
Hence, this study adds to our understanding of the difficulties high academic achievers in senior high school confront and offers insightful information for legislators, parents, and teachers. Stakeholders may establish an atmosphere that supports the well-being, engagement, and academic success of high achievers by recognizing and resolving these problems, eventually supporting their holistic development and future successes.


Introduction 1 Starting the course 2 Warming up 3 Acting, reacting, interacting 4 Self-awareness and self-assertion 5 Values and values awareness 6 Self-knowledge and knowledge of others 7 Images and scenes - real and ideal 8 Closing the course Bibligraphy Index


A vertex v of a graph G is domination null in G if g(v) = 0 for every minimum fractional dominating function g on G. Packing nullity is defined analogously, with reference to fractional closed neighborhood packings. We give classes of examples and examine graph operations that produce or preserve such vertices; several open problems are posed.


Objective To explore the new gene therapy method for tumor, the recombinant Caspase 3 gene (r caspase 3) eukaryotic expression plasmid was constructed by molecular biologic method. Methods The eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/r Caspase 3 was constructed by rearrangement of the large subunit and small subunit of Caspase 3 and it was transfected into pancreatic carcinoma cells(PC Ⅱ). After being transfected, the expression of r Caspase 3 mRNA in pancreatic carcinoma cells was detected by RT PCR and it's apoptotic activity was detected by FCM. Results The sequence of r Caspase 3 showed that the recombinant molecules (r Caspase 3) now had its' small subunit preceding its' large subunit. After pancreatic carcinoma cells being transfected with the pcDNA3.1(+)/r Caspase 3 by liposomes, a 894 bp strap was observed by RT PCR. No strap was found in control groups. A transparent hypodiploid karyotype peak was found by FCM.Conclusion The plasmid of pcDNA3.1(+)/r Caspase 3 has been constructed successfully. r Caspase 3 has apoptotic activity and can be used as target gene in gene therapy for pancreatic carcinoma.


Systematic measurement on basic characteristics of surface detectors have been done in detail. These test are quite essential for reducing the systematic error in estimating the total number of charged particles in a giant air shower, so energy of primary cosmic rays. Some of those things, such as position sensitivity and temperature dependence of scintillation detector and surface sensitivity map of photo tubes were also measured. We found that all of these variation is within 10 to 15% and total performance of our scintillation systems are well inside our expectation.


This paper presents an efficient multi-node broadcasting algorithm in a wormhole-routed 2-D torus, where there are an unknown number of s source nodes located on unknown positions each intending to broadcast a message of size m bytes to the rest of network. The torus is assumed to use the all-port model and the popular dimension-ordered routing. Most existing results are derived based on finding multiple edge-disjoint spanning trees in the network. The main technique used in this paper is an aggregation-then-distribution strategy. First, the broadcast messages are aggregated into some positions of the tones. Then, a number of independent subnetworks are constructed from the torus. These subnetworks, which are responsible for distributing the messages, can well exploit the communication parallelism and the characteristic of wormhole routing. It is shown that such an approach is more appropriate than those using edge-disjoint trees for fixed-connection network such as tori. This is justified by our performance analysis.


Designing soft robots is difficult, time-consuming, and non-intuitive. Instead of requiring humans to engineer robots, this research uses genetic algorithms to evolve designs for robots that move when vibrated. Generative encodings are used to represent designs and are modified during the evolutionary process. A generative encoding is a set of rules that describe how to construct a 3D object. If the rules are applied over and over, it will create a larger and more complex robot. Current methods of evolving generative encodings fix a number of times to apply the rules a priori. This restricts the usefulness of the resulting encoding to one size. Instead, this research aims to create scalable solutions, with generative encodings capable of producing fit robots of various sizes. This is done by implementing the notion of a pareto frontier into the genetic algorithm. Each design produced is assigned to a category (small, medium, large, etc) and is judged on how well it can create robots that move when vibrated in each category. One design is deemed better than another if it can dominate across all categories. The resulting generative encodings should be able to produce soft robots of various sizes that can move when vibrated.


This collection presents new investigations into the role of heritage languages and the correlation between culture and language from a pedagogic and cosmopolitical point of view. Teacher Education and Pedagogy focuses on teacher education through key themes of research, theory, policy and practice feeding into critical discussions of transformative processes of teacher education policy and planning. This book provides analysis of effective practice and presents an alternative insight into initial teacher education.


The purpose of this study is to compare between online customer review and customer review survey also to see the performance mapping of culinary tourism in Bandung using 4A marketing mix namely acceptability, affordability, accessibility and awareness with comparative and descriptive methods. This study uses Mann Whitney on SPSS and Spider Web Chart. Online tracking on Google Review and survey questionnaire are used as a measurement to get 100 customer review online assessments and 125 customer review survey assessments. Based on research results there is a difference between marketing mix 4A online customer results Google review and marketing mix 4A customer review survey results. This is marked from the 3 sub-variables used in this study, namely acceptability (taste, portion, aroma), affordability (price, price: taste, price: portion) and accessibility (atmosphere, cleanliness, service), there are differences in the results of the assessment in sub accessibility variable (atmosphere and service). Then, the results of mapping the performance of culinary tourism in the city of Bandung both online customer reviews and customer surveys have good performance for subvariables acceptability (taste, portion, aroma) and affordability (price, price: taste, price: portion) but need improvement in the sub accessibility variables (atmosphere, cleanliness, service).


By interviews and questionnaire, the writer carries out an investigation on the present state of the extra-curriculum sports exercises in middle schools in Yancheng, and offers reference for wholly implementing Sports Work Rules and Regulations, for following through on new course standard and for reforming the sports teaching work.


ARTERIOVENOUS malformations are usually situated along the surface of the brain and, as a consequence, they produce a symptomatology characterized chiefly by convulsions or intracranial hemorrhage. When these lesions occur away from the cortical surface, they produce different clinical manifestations. Russell and Nevin' first described this lesion involving the great vein of Galen, and subsequent publicationsz4 have increased the reported cases to ten. This paper is concerned with an additional case and an analysis of the symptomatology produced by arteriovenous malformations of the great vein of Galen.


The Responsibility to Protect (R2P) is an international legal principle that places both general and customary international law obligation on States to protect their own citizens from mass atrocity core crimes of genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing. This paper adopts doctrinal research method in examining the legal and institutional challenges to the global implementation of the R2P principle. This paper finds that there exist some teething legal and institutional challenges that affect the effective implementation of the principle.Implementation has been mixed as the case studies shows. Where it had been implemented, as in Libya, the result was quite limited while in situations where it has not been implemented at all, as in Syria, it calls to question the genuineness and integrity of the legal, political and moral commitment of the international community of States to end atrocious crimes in many troubled regions of the world.Conclusively, the R2P principle is an emerging customary rule of international law but has yet to attain full status of "jus cogens" peremptory norm of international law.The paper therefore recommends that an advisory body be established by the United Nations to advise States on the limitation of the R2P principle. It is also recommended that building institutional capacity and preparedness by States backed by greater cooperation between States, the international community and international organizations to implement the R2P principle is central to guaranteeing an effective R2P regime that is properly implemented in a timely manner. It also recommends measures to remove the legal and political uncertainties surrounding the outer bounds and limits of the principle arguing for inclusion of environmental crimes and natural disasters as grounds for invocation of R2P.


The validity of using hindleg banding patterns for the identification of AnopheZes mews, An. quadriannuZatus and An. arabiensis was investigated in Natal. A high percentage of An. merus and An. quadriannulatus were correctly identified. Of two geographically separated An. arabiensis populations only one closely conformed to the identification criteria. Species identification of to the efficient management of lack of suitable morphological _ members of the AnopheZes gwnbiae complex is vital malaria vector control programs in Africa. Due to characters, species identification within this complex of mosquitoes has mainly depended on cytological (Coluzzi 1968) and biochemical (Miles 1978, 1979) techniques. Coetzee et al. (1982) and Coetzee (1986) demonstrated that An. gambiae/An. arabiensis could be distinguished from An. merus/An. quadriannuZatus by the width of the pale band at the apex of hind tarsomeres 3 and 4. Coetzee (1986) cautioned that the reported measurements might only apply to the localities sampled, and not to other areas in Africa. The reasoning behind this statement was not outlined by the author. Due to the practical implications of this technique for the field entomologist, an investigation was launched to evaluate the effectiveness of this method of INTROOUCTION


Outdoor robots are faced with a variety of terrain types each possessing different characteristics. To ensure a safe traversal a robot has to infer the current ground surface from sensor readings. Recent techniques generate a model which predicts the terrain class from single vibration signals disregarding the temporal coherence between consecutive measurements. In this paper, we present a novel approach in which the final classification relies on the analysis of not only one, but several recent observations. Therefore, the probabilistic framework of the Bayes filter is adopted to the problem of terrain classification. We propose an adaptive approach which automatically adjusts its parameters according to the history of observations. To demonstrate the performance of our method we further describe and compare another technique based on temporal coherence. The evaluation using data collected from our RWI ATRV-Jr robot shows that our approach is both reactive and stable enough to detect fast terrain transitions and selective misclassifications.


Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder and chronic lung disease that affect between 70,000 and 100,000 people worldwide. Patients have to take medication and perform daily airway clearance exercises in order to mobilize sticky mucus from the lungs caused by CF. These exercises are rather repetitive and not very engaging causing patients to skip despite the health repercussions. In collaboration with a physiotherapist, we have developed a virtual reality diving game that diegetically incorporates the breathing exercise by translating it into movement through the underwater world. Initial user tests have shown that our combination of physiological input and virtual reality creates a compelling and immersive experience. However, it was also shown to be a task with widely differing perceived difficulty so that further steps need to be undertaken to adjust the game to various user groups.


The classification of vascular tumors of the skeleton can be thought of as a spectrum of disease including both benign and malignant entities. Chapter 60 focuses on the benign entities, hemangioma and epithelioid hemangioma. The term hemangioma refers to a collection of blood vessels and vascular spaces, perhaps better classified as a slow-flow vascular malformation. Epithelioid hemangioma is a rare and controversial entity that may be confused with its malignant counterpart, the epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. This chapter will describe the clinical, pathophysiological, and imaging features of these benign vascular bone tumors, with a brief mention of treatment strategies. Familiarity with the imaging appearances and characteristics of these entities is essential in order to guide clinical management and to avoid unnecessary investigation into clearly benign lesions.


The inevitable conditions for exercise participation marketing would be exercise facilities. On the grounds of the regards of exercise environment by female, there might have an interdependent or interact relationship between exercise behavior and facility users' impressions. The reason of unfair and unfriendly exercise space distribution induced by gender norms often made female quit exercise indirectly. Accordingly, this research's main purpose was to explore the differences of female indoor stadiums using satisfaction and image from male's by multilevel exercise participation. Study participants including 264 female and 210 male university students completed "The Questionnaire of Indoor Stadiums Using Inquiry". All data was segmented by the level of exercise participation and analyzed by independent sample t-test progressively. The results of this study indicated low exercise participation female had lower stadiums using satisfaction and image than male. This might evinced the possibility of female exercise quit was related to the exercise environmental factor. Exercise promotion tactics and research trend for the future were discussed and suggested.


Electro-mobility represents a central development focus for the global automotive industry. Electric vehicles drive emission free and thus embody the future of our mobility. Achieving this goal requires overcoming many challenges. An example is the need for cost-effective high-volume manufacturing technologies to produce the required energy storage devices. A partial aspect of the development work addresses the cutting of the sheet materials for the three elementary components of lithium ion cells: the cathode, the anode and the separator. The active electrodes are built from multilayer metal foil (aluminum or copper) stacks, which are coated on both sides with graphite or lithium metal oxide. This combination of different materials causes challenges for the cutting process.


Abstract We determine the order of the automorphism group Aut $(W)$ for each member $W$ of an important family of finite $p$ -groups that may be constructed as iterated regular wreath products of cyclic groups. We use a method based on representation theory.


The objective of this study was to uncover the political strategy done by a female candidate so as to win the Village Head Election Contestation in Lauran Village. By using qualitative methods, the researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 20 informants including Maria FaniMasela as the elected village head candidate and several members of the winning team. The results show that the election of Maria FaniMasela as the head of the Lauran Village in the 2014-2020 period was due to the strengthening of the community's enthusiasm for the offer of Vision, Mission, and work program both in the field of community empowerment and infrastructure development that were deemed relevant to the community needs. This enthusiasm was then used by the winning team by visiting residents' houses to ask for political support. This movement was further strengthened by the Women's Concerned Democracy Group (KPPD) which actively mobilized the masses, especially female voters, to support Maria Fani Masela.


SUMMARY Pectolytic enzymes were studied in inoculated and uninoculated red clover (Tri/olium pratense) seedlings grown a septically in flasks containing distilled water or nitrogen-free saKs media. Enzyme activity in root exudates and root extracts depended on the conditions of seedling growth. Tests with sodium polypectate and citrus pectin indicated the presence of two enzymes, specific for pectic acid and pectin respectively. Both enzymes were produced by uninoculated seedlings, and in seedlings inoculated with Rhizobium tri[olii, R. leguminosarum or R. lupini, enzyme activity was not correlated with infectivity of the strainS.


Excerpt Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy is an increasingly common disorder, with an estimated annual incidence of 7.5 cases per 100 000 persons (1). Approximately 10 000 persons in the United Sta...


Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) is involved in fatty acid transportation in mammals. To verify its role in fatty acid metabolism in birds, the model of pigeon intestinal organ culture was established, and a full-length cDNA of I-FABP was cloned from the intestine of Columba livia by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method for the first time. The full length cDNA of C. livia I-FABP was 855 bp, including a 5′untranslated region (UTR) of 34 bp, a 3′UTR of 422 bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 399 bp encoding a protein of 132 amino acids with the predicted molecular weight of 15.13 kDa. Sequence comparison indicated that I-FABP of C. livia had high identity with other avian I-FABP and belonged to the first subfamily of FABPs. Using quantitative real-time PCR, pigeon I-FABP mRNA in duodenum and jejunum increased progressively with development stage. I-FABP mRNA was expressed at the highest level at 28 day post hatch in the duodenum, while in ileum, it reached the maximum at the day of hatch, and decreased subsequently. The effects of fatty acids on pigeon I-FABP expression were also investigated in vitro. The results showed that significant increases in the pigeon I-FABP mRNA level were induced by linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, whereas I-FABP gene expression appeared to be unaffected by oleic acid and αlinolenic acid. The results indicate that I-FABP may be indicative of intestine development in pigeon, and it could be regulated by n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids.


The paper analyzes the enlightening activity of the teacher Alexey Ivanovich Lyapustin. Thanks to the efforts of Alexei Ivanovich was launched active cultural life in the Kamensk district of Tomsk province. Being on a post of the head of the Department of public education of the Kamensky district of the Altai province, Alexey Ivanovich made a significant contribution to the expansion of the network of cultural and educational institutions, museum and tour of the case. Working as a teacher of Russian language and literature in school, Alexey Ivanovich paid great attention to the formation of creative abilities of students.


On the basis of field investigation of a 1 600m2 plot,We analyzed physiognomy,structure,the floristic composition and species diversity of a Rhodoleia championii community in Donguan Yinpingshan Forest Park,Guangdong.There were 153 vascular species,belonging to 116 genera and 73 families.Trop. Subtrop.elements were the dominant.The community was mainly dominated by Rhodoleia championii.The vertical structure of the community was composed of Tree layer,shrub layer,herb layer and rich interstater plants,and dominated by evergreen plants in Microphanerophytes.According to the Raunkiaer Frequency Law,species in 1-20% occurrence frequency dominated the community,accounting for 67.97% of the total species.Because of the human interference,the number of the Saplings and young Rhodoleia championii trees was less,which indicates the population was on the declining trend.The different diversity indices showed different trend among layers in the community except that the shrub layer had the highest diversity.


The aim of the work is to implement regression models of crime in practice, which will show the complex impact of various socio-economic factors on the state of crime in Russia, and determine the forecast for the near future. The result of this study is the construction of a linear multivariate regression model and a predictive ARMA model with three forecast options. Based on the correlation analysis, the factors that have the strongest relationship with the variable that characterizes crime are determined. The multiple regression model showed the interrelated influence of individual factors on the state of crime in the framework of the developed equation. The quality of the obtained models is confirmed by evaluation tests for statistical significance. The initial data of the study were: official statistical data of the Russian statistics for 1992–2020, an array of data from more than 500 observations was used.


As an integral part of the conference, the ICCCN workshop program provides international forums for scientists and engineers to exchange and share their experiences, research results, and new ideas on hot and emerging topics on computer communications and networks. This year we enjoyed the great privilege to have worked with researchers across the world in organizing nine workshops covering a variety of topics in the area of computer communications and networks. These workshops are: ContextQoS ? Context-Aware QoS Provisioning and Management for Emerging Networks, Applications and Services; PMECT ? Performance Modeling and Evaluation of Computer and Telecommunication Networks; WiMAN ? Wireless Mesh and Ad Hoc Networks; MCC ? Multimedia Computing and Communications; coHetNet ? Cooperative Heterogeneous Networks; MobiPST ? Privacy, Security and Trust in Mobile and Wireless Systems; NIME ? Networking Issues in Multimedia Entertainment; SecloT ? Security of the Internet of Things; and SN ? Sensor Networks.


The optical constants of molybdenum are determined by Drude's method for opaque films sputtered in air and in hydrogen, and for mirrors of massive metal, at wave-lengths 0.578μ, 0.546μ and 0.436μ. The indices of refraction and absorption, and the computed reflectivity are found to vary with the conditions of sputtering, and to be considerably less than for the massive metal. To eliminate any possible effect due to surface films formed by chemical action of the atmosphere, the final stage of polishing one of the bulk metal mirrors is carried out under kerosene, and the mirror is observed while immersed in kerosene. The results are not appreciably different when the same mirror is observed in air.


A new compact, portable device for rapid, high-definition meibomian gland imaging (LipiScan, TearScience) is an efficient screening tool for patients with complaints of dry eye and/or candidates for surgical procedures in which pre-existing dry eye could affect outcomes.


Nowadays, hormonal imbalance is proven to be a factor that influences initiation of malignant and benign breast tumors. To study the aspects of participation of sex hormones in damage to organs and tissues, it may be necessary to model a common womens pathology fibrocystic disease of mammary glands characterized by the most pronounced effects of this pathogenetic factor, on experimental animals.
Aim. To create a model of fibrocystic disease of mammary gland with the subsequent possibility of studying morphological manifestations of the disease in natural and drug-induced pathomorphism.
Materials and Methods. The pathology was induced by intramuscular injection of 0.5 ml of 2% synestrol and 0.5 ml of 2.5% progesterone to virgin female rats on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th days of the experiment. For examination, histological preparations of inguinal mammary glands were made. The preparations were described and studied using morphometric analysis.
Results. In the result of the experiment, pronounced macro- and microscopic alterations of mammary glands were found. Microscopic picture was similar to that observed in fibrocystic mastopathy in women. Almost all the morphometric parameters underwent reliable alterations in correspondence with the given pathology.
Conclusion. A model of fibrocystic disease of mammary gland was obtained that may be used for further study of morphogenesis and methods of correction.


This paper deals with a procedure for implementing iterative methods for nonlinear programming. For constrained problems, we examine the procedure in relation m the gradient-projection method. At each iteration, the domain of suboptimization is replaced by an infinite but discrete set of points, satisfying the tangential properties for the convergence of the algorithm. It should be possible to use this procedure on other iterative methods which proceed by a series of suboptimizations, if the domain of these suboptimizations is of small dimension.


The key encoder and display circuit are designed using CPLD EPM7128 and LED light bars HLMP2X50 series.This circuit can communicate with main control circuit through CAN bus.The circuit need few devices,and it is simple,reliable and brightness uniform.


The purpose of this study is to examine the types and the characteristics of students' spoken self-error correction relative to English proficiency level. This study was conducted in C university, Chungcheong-do, and 28 students took part in the study. The participants transcribed their spoken data and corrected errors by themselves. After that, they wrote learning journals regarding what they noticed about their errors. As research data, self-correction sheets and learning journals were collected and qualitatively analyzed. The findings of the study show that the advanced level group and the intermediate·novice group made similar results. Errors of misformation were the highest for both groups at 48%, followed by those of addition at 39%, and ommission at 13%. This research implies that teachers can give students appropriate feedback and effective teaching guidelines, depending on level, through understanding of student errors. Learners need to focus, not only global errors, but also local errors on their work. Lastly, teacher encourage students to do peer and group work for doing self-correction. It will help students to improve self-confidence and feel comfortable about communicating in English.


The objective possibility of increasing beef production due to the development of beef cattle breeding is determined by natural and economic factors, both in Russia and the Republic of Tatarstan, the presence of huge areas of natural forage lands and cultural pastures, which allow for full-fledged feeding of cattle throughout the calendar year with a full-fledged balanced feed diet. The material and technical production base in the agricultural sector of the Republic of Tatarstan at this stage fully meets the requirements of technological approaches to expanding the number of beef breeds of cattle (cattle) in this region, both in large agricultural enterprises, farmers, households and individual agricultural entrepreneurs. At the present time, the Republic of Tatarstan clearly shows the trend of long-term development of the beef cattle industry. However, in the current situation, the main share of beef in the Republic of Tatarstan is produced by agricultural organizations and representatives of small agricultural businesses engaged in the breeding of dairy and meat cattle. In the context of the introduction of innovations in the organization of agricultural production, industrial crossing of dairy cows with purebred bulls of meat breeds is used as one of the directions for the growth of beef production.


Anti‐glucose‐6‐phosphate isomerase (GPI) antibodies from K/BxN mice directly induce arthritis; however, the transfer of these antibodies from mice with GPI‐induced arthritis does not induce arthritis. CD4+ T cells play an important role in the induction and effector phase in this model; however, the roles of B cells and immunoglobulins (Igs) have not been elucidated. We investigated the roles of B cells and Igs in GPI‐induced arthritis by using adoptive transfer system into SCID mice. Transfer of splenocytes of male DBA/1 mice immunized with GPI into SCID mice induced arthritis on day 6 in the latter, in association with the production of anti‐GPI antibodies. Co‐localization of C3 and IgG on the articular surface was identified in arthritic SCID mice. Inoculation of IgG (or anti‐GPI antibodies) and CD19+‐depleted splenocytes from arthritic DBA/1 mice induced arthritis in SCID mice, but not CD19+‐depleted or CD4+‐depleted splenocytes from DBA/1 mice. In vitro analysis of cytokine production by splenocytes from DBA/1 arthritic mice demonstrated production of large amounts of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interleukin (IL)‐6 in an antigen‐specific manner (P < 0·01), and production was dominated by CD19+‐depleted than CD4+‐depleted splenocytes (P < 0·05). Addition of IgG from DBA/1 arthritic mice to the culture enhanced TNF‐α but not IL‐6 production, and this effect was blocked by anti‐Fcγ receptor antibody. In vivo analysis of neutralization with TNF‐α protected arthritis completely in SCID mice. Our results highlight the important role of B cells in GPI‐induced arthritis as autoantibody producers, and these autoantibodies can trigger joint inflammation in orchestration with inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF‐α.


A vehicle is provided with a gear which defines a chamber, and is provided in the chamber of an assembled spool. The coil defines a cavity. Furthermore, the vehicle includes a core having at least two projections radially spaced from the coil outward, and are angularly spaced apart to define openings therebetween. Further, the core includes a first and a second end that are interconnected by a cavity extending through the support.


Economic statistics can be used to inform policy as it is being designed, avoid policy design mistakes, or implement government programs once they are established into law. Oftentimes, statistics are used for all three purposes. This article considers the relationships between statistics and agricultural policy in the case of the United States. We address first the broad historical picture of U.S. official economic statistics concerning agriculture, and then turn to selected examples that relate policies to economic statistics in more detail. The examples show diversity in the interplay between statistics and policy. Over time, policymakers have asked for more detailed information about the financial situation of individual farm businesses and households, sources of risk in farm returns, and production practices that affect the environment.


A method and apparatus for increasing the inherent viscosity of the polycondensation melt at a negative pressure, a pressure of less than 20mbar dominant chambers (25 through a perforated plate or screen (16) a diameter having a plurality of openings 26 is less than 0.5mm ) to enter the melt. The melt is left on the thin strands to pass through the chamber 25, and at least one minute chamber 25 the lower reservoir (19) while by the free fall. The melt is constantly go to the store 19, and is discharged from the store 19 by the helical mixing and discharge unit (27).


The effect of the addition of volatile chemicals to water traps was examined for adult thrips species in New Zealand and the Netherlands. The chemicals ethyl nicotinate (3-pyridinecarboxylic acid), p -anisaldehyde (4-methoxybenzaldehyde), and benzaldehyde (benzoic aldehyde) increased trap capture (up to 35 times) for a number of flowerinhabiting thripid adults. Ethyl nicotinate increased trap capture of the New Zealand flower thrips, Thrips obscuratus (Crawford), by >100 times. The addition of ethyl nicotinate to water traps for early-season monitoring of T. obscuratus in a nectarine orchard significantly increased capture of adult male and female thrips (up to 27 times), and on several occasions thrips were caught in traps with ethyl nicotinate before traps without ethyl nicotinate. The addition of p -anisaldehyde to sticky boards for control trapping of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), in glasshouses increased capture of adult females between 1.8 and 6 times. Behavioral responses for thrips hostfinding are discussed with emphasis on the use of volatile chemicals for thrips pest management.


One of the most fundamental feature of freshwater systems is the spatiotemporal structure of their communities. In the present study, we used an artificial neural network model, i.e., self-organizing mapping, together with a likelihood ratio χ2 statistic for proportions to investigate the influence of each factor of a complex sampling scheme (i.e., site, year, month, and time of day) on the littoral fish community of Lake Constance (south Germany). Based on self-organizing mapping, four clusters of samples were defined characterized by distinct fish communities. The samples gathered in clusters 1 and 2 were significantly related to the factors month and time of the day, while those in cluster 3 were related to the factors month and site and those in cluster 4 to each of the four factors. The results are discussed with regard to the temporal patterns of species succession in lakes and their similarities with the spatial patterns observable in streams, the importance of plasticity with regard to the fish ny...


This paper presents a method to detect and construct a 3D geometric model of an urban area with complex buildings using aerial LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data. The LIDAR data collected from a nadir direction is a point cloud containing surface samples of not only the building roofs and terrain but also undesirable clutter from trees, cars, etc. The main contribution of this work is the automatic recognition and estimation of simple parametric shapes that can be combined to model very complex buildings from aerial LIDAR data. The main components of the detection and modeling algorithms are (i) Segmentation of roof and terrain points. (ii) Roof topology Inference. We introduce the concept of a roof-topology graph to represent the relationships between the various planar patches of a complex roof structure. (iii) Parametric roof composition. Simple parametric roof shapes that can be combined to create a complex roof structure of a building are recognized by searching for sub-graphs in its roof-topology graph. (iv) Terrain Modeling. The terrain is identified and modeled as a triangulated mesh. Finally, we provide experimental results that demonstrate the validity of our approach for rapid and automatic building detection and geometric modeling with real LIDAR data. We are able to model cities and other urban areas at the rate of about 10 minutes per sq. mile on a low-end PC.


Osmolality and electrolyte composition in duodenal aspirate of 10 subjects were studied following stimulation by a continuous infusion of secretin. It was observed that osmolality was variable within a single subject by more than 80 mOsm/kg in some experiments. This variation was found to be a function of bicarbonate concentration. In vivo and in vitro experiments lead to the authors' conclusion that this phenomenon is not the result of admixture of gastric or biliary secretion to pancreatic juice.


Imidacloprid is a new generation insecticide and highly active to protect the various vegetable crops, by controlling mites and insect pest. Imidacloprid is a systemic insecticide that enters the target pest via direct contact or ingestion. It is applied to seeds, soil and crops for controlling insects. Imidacloprid, a neurotoxic insecticide, belongs to family of the neonicotinoids. The analytical method using quick, easy, and effective for determination of insecticides in soil was developed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). 86 samples were collected from different region of U. S. Nagar, Uttarakhand to determine imidacloprid level, and positive samples were detected. The insecticide was extracted from soil using mobile phase acetonitrile and water (90:10, v/v). The determination of the target compounds were achieved in 8.0 min at flow rate of 1.0 ml/minute using reverse phase UV-detector for imidacloprid. The method showed that the limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.17- 0.25μg in all positive samples. A linear calibration curve was obtained by plotting area against concentration with a correlation coefficient of 0.995, while average recoveries were greater than 81 to 87 % in different samples. Out of 86 soil samples analysed 12 samples (10%) had detectable amount of residue levels for imidacloprid and 3 samples had residue levels above the recommended Maximum Residue Limit (MRL).


Bulk single crystals of Zinc Oxide(ZnO) were grown by the hydrothermal method.The ZnO single crystal is a hexagonal prism crystal and the exposed faces are hexagonal faces {1011},hexagonal cone faces {1010}and negative polar faces {0001}.Our results show that the temperature difference and filling factor influence the rate of growth and the morphology of ZnO crystallites.The study shows that the Au inner container is a solution for preventing impurity incorporation from the surface of the autoclave.


Software engineering paradigms such as service-oriented architectures are increasingly often applied in the field of factory automation. Functions like robot motion planning or object recognition are provided by cloud services. A crucial architectural aspect is the granularity, i.e. the scope and size of individual services. In our case study, we examine a service-based object recognition application for a robotic assembly use case. We implement three different granularity levels, measure their communication and computation times and discuss further architectural features. The fine-granular approach encapsulates individual image processing operations as services, which have high reusability but impose large communication overheads. The medium granularity approach is object-wise and offers best reuse efficiency and cohesion. The coarse solution offers the best performance.


A crude cell-free extract from cultures of Fusarium sp. strain C37410-90 possessed significant esterase activity and hydrolyzed the trichothecene mycotoxin 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON) to deoxynivalenol (DON) in high yield. Smaller amounts of 15-acetyl- and 3,15-diacetyl-esters of DON were also formed. The extract was capable of hydrolyzing a range of natural and semisynthetic trichothecene esters, and showed a high degree of regioselectivity towards position 3.3,4,15-Triacetylscirpentriol (TAS) was efficiently hydrolyzed to 4,5-diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), and no further transformation was observed. The enzyme activity was partially purified.


![Figure][1]

Enclosed in a stiff material, this cell shows numerous slow-growing, long-lasting microtubules (green).

For cells that build new blood vessels, a big life choice is whether to branch.

[Myers et al.][2] reveal how the extracellular matrix (ECM) influences this decision by


Never miss an opportunity for a good party. That is the first premise of any issue of Computer. The reason for our current celebration: we are remembering an early test of networking hardware back in October 1969. In that month, two sites in the United States, the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) and Stanford Research Institutes (SRI), had recently taken delivery of the routing hardware intended for the Arpanet, the network being built by the Advanced Research Project Agency (then called ARPA, now sporting the name Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or DARPA). At that point, the next step was obvious. You had two sites, two sets of hardware, and a phone line. There was no software to mention, but why should that stand in the way? The researchers at the two sites connected their hardware, wrote enough software to attempt a login from UCLA into the SRI system, and tested what they had created. The group made it halfway through the login command before the system crashed, and the researchers realized there was more work to do. The UCLA–SRI test was a kind of starting point for computing networking. The Arpanet had been under development for more than two years. Another 18 months would pass before the group could point to a stable system that behaved like a modern network. On that October morning, a handful of people, perhaps two or three dozen, knew that computing networking was going to happen and that it would be an interesting addition to computer science. Now, being Computer, we are not going to leave our party at that point. We are not going to engage in the mere celebration of one of many events that led to the creation of one of the foundational peer-to-peer networks. If we do that, we will have abandoned one of Computer's key missions. Our goal is to open the hood and show you something about how the system works. The Arpanet experience offers many practical lessons. Many people who developed the Internet protocol, TCP/ IP, were the people who learned their first lessons of networking from the host–host protocol of the Arpanet. They used ideas that they had developed in the Arpanet, they were employed in the same kind of organizations, and they worked in the same kind of way. There are substantial differences between the Arpanet and the Internet. The Arpanet was a single network. The Internet is a network of networks. However, the Arpanet was an important step toward building the modern aggregated computing environment. Beyond building their network, the Arpanet pioneers were also engaged in the process of building computer science. It is A Good Party


ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the effect of gum Arabic coatings of different concentrations (1, 5, and 10%) on quality attributes (dry matter [DM], water activity [aw], total soluble solids [TSS], pH, and browning index [BI]) of sun-dried raw and blanched tomato slices during storage (6 months). Coating at higher concentration (5 and 10%) coupled with blanching reduced the aw and rate of increase in DM content during storage. There was no significant difference in the TSS and pH of coated and uncoated slices. Also, coating of tomato slices reduced the BI during storage and this decreases with increase in the concentration of gum Arabic. Also, the blanching has a synergistic effect in reducing the BI compared to raw slices. High concentration of gum Arabic coating prior to drying is effective in increasing the shelf-life of tomato slices.


Security of ownership is a pre-requisite for the functioning of a land market. Real property rights must be registered and the ownership information should be easily accessible. The authorities should guarantee the content and transparency of the register. Kosovo Cadastral Agency is the authority that is responsible for the development of the legal framework and the coordination of its implementation relating to the cadastre and other matters concerning the cadaster land information system. The KCA's areas of competence are geodesy, surveying, geographical information systems, real property registration, mapping and legal issues related to land administration. The objective of Cadastre in Kosovo is the harmonization of the cadastral legal (textual) database with the GIS (graphical) database. This objective leads towards future`s vision regarding Land Administration, and meets the Cadastre's requirements from Cadastre 2014 and the general vision for the Cadastre 2.0 (2020), where the integration of legal and GIS databases is a significant step for the future Cadastre. Kosovo Cadastre Land Information System has been conceived of as an integrated multi-purpose system that is composed of a number of key conceptual modules and it is as a base system for NSDI in Kosovo. KCLIS is a dynamic system and is designed to grow and to develop further. Integrated legal and GIS databases in to KCLIS create better conditions for updating cadastral data, providing additional services, better functioning of cadastre, more effective management, high and fast quality control of data as well as for the security and IT support. This paper presents the developments of Cadastre in Kosovo towards general vision of Cadastre 2.0 (2020) and INSPIRE Directive, with main focus on the integration of legal and GIS information within KCLIS.


The habitat selection and breeding performance of Yellow-legged Gulls Larus cachinnans were studied in the Medes Islands colony, northeastern Spain, during 1995 and 1996. Of the three main habitats on the islands (shrubs, grass and bare areas), gulls first occupied those with the highest percentage of tall vegetation. Gulls tended to select nest sites with 20–75% cover despite great differences in the cover in the habitats and territories, suggesting that the presence of a suitable nest site may play a major role in the choice of breeding habitat. Nest-site tenacity did not influence the preferences of gulls at any level since the same pattern of choice was observed in an area subjected to annual culls (i.e. where most of the breeding pairs were culled annually and replaced by naive birds). In spite of great differences in the physical characteristics of the habitats, little difference was found in breeding performance of the gulls between habitats. Gulls nesting in the least preferred habitat (i.e. mainly bare) had smaller clutches than those nesting in the other two habitats, possibly as a result of their later seasonal laying. Despite the similar breeding success in different habitats, gulls did not seem to distribute according to the ideal free model reported for Herring Gulls Larus argentatus since the density in the preferred habitat (i.e. shrubs) was never higher than in the other two. We suggest that the habitat selection by Yellow-legged Gulls within the colony could follow an ideal despotic distribution.


Ifmen and women students, not only from all over England, but from all over the world, get together and talk, and listen, and pray, will not racial and social prejudices tend to disappear, and all manner of problems, economic, intellectual, ecclesiastical, social, be faced, with some hope of success 1 Certainly the leaders of the Student Christian Movement believe so, and feel that when they are organizing conferences and retreats; visiting colleges, art schools or other societies; publishing books to meet the needs of the students' enquiring minds or aspiring souls; raising money to relieve distress in foreign universities, they are bringing the Kingdom of God on earth appreciably nearer. Cynics would say that S.C.M. at least keeps undergraduates out of mischief. Idealists see on the heads of these young men and women the bright tongues of the Pentecostal flames.


Objective To study the side effects of prolonged pregnancy for mother and son and explore clinical measures. Methods The labor ways of prolonged pregnancy and the outcome of mother and baby were analyzed retrospectively.Results The operative rates and perinatal mortality in prolonged labor were higher than in mature labor. Conclusion To strengthen the prenatal period monitor,terminate pregnancy in good time can decrease the occurrence of prolonged pregnancy.


The processes of compensatory hypertrophy of the kidney to the period of puberty are insufficiently studied. Changes in renal parameters after contralateral removal are of scientific interest. The purpose of the study was to establish and compare changes in organometric parameters of the kidney that remained after nephrectomy in non-sexually adult male rats and in sexually mature male rats. Experimental study was performed on 84 non-adult white male rats weighing 53-71 grams, which were kept on a standard vivarium diet. All animals were divided into two groups (42 in each): the first - control, the second - the experimental group. In the control group, the abdominal cavity was opened under ketamine anesthesia, after wich the abdominal wall was sutured in layers. All animals of the experimental group performed surgical intervention - nephrectomy of the left kidney. Animals were withdrawn from the trial by intra-pleural administration of thiopental-sodium 50 mg/kg after 7, 14, 21, 30, 90 days after nephrectomy. Macroscopic evaluation and description of the kidneys of animals was performed after their removal. The statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the "STATISTICA 5.5" program, using parametric and non-parametric methods for evaluating the obtained results. It was found that in the immature rats, the weight of animals in the experimental group (after nephrectomy) was statistically significantly lower in all terms of the observation compared to the control group, and the weight of the kidney of animals in the experimental group, on the contrary, was statistically significantly higher in all terms of observation. The length, width, thickness, volume of kidneys of animals of the experimental group, as well as the magnitude of increment of these parameters with each term of observation are determined. The greatest increase in organometric parameters of the kidney was observed after 30 days of the postoperative period (p<0.05). Subsequently, on the 60th and 90th day, the magnitude of the increase in organometric parameters of the kidney significantly decreased. The index of hypertrophy of the kidney remained unpaired by nephrectomy, which varied from 52.24% to 63.21%. The highest rates of hypertrophy were observed between the 21st and 30th days.


Fluorescence yields and Coster–Kronig factors of the ruthenium L-shell are determined experimentally for the first time with reliable uncertainty budgets.


Single wall carbon nanotubes are insoluble in most organic solvents such as toluene. Improvements in the solubility of the single wall carbon nanotubes are however seen as a result of specific interactions with dye molecules such as terphenyl and anthracene. Suspensions formed in toluene with these dye molecules and the single wall carbon nanotubes are seen to be stable over prolonged periods. Spectroscopic analysis clearly shows an interaction between the carbon nanotubes and the dye molecules. It is proposed in this study that the use of these more simple molecular systems may provide a route towards selectively processing different types of tubes.


Acoustic Emission (AE) has been studied as a nondestructive testing method for real time damage detection and location studies. The method relies on the propagation of the elastic waves due to the formation of new crack faces. While the method is capable of detecting damage initiation and location with an array of sensors, the variations in geometries and material properties, which change the output response, limit the capabilities of the method in further quantifications in terms of damage size and orientation. The ability to accurately model elastic waves offers significant potential for understanding the AE data; however, the oscillatory nature of wave equation requires very fine meshing and small time step for a stable numerical solution. In this paper, the AE signature of the damage initiation is predetermined using effective numerical models. The numerical model reduces the required degrees of freedom about 60% as compared to conventional finite element formulation and the computational time. Through studying different geometries and materials, it is demonstrated that the crack size and orientation can be identified if the magnitude and the phase of the surface motion are preserved without any modifications due to data acquisition electronics. When the AE sensors are positioned properly, the phase difference of two sensors indicates the crack orientation and direction. The numerical results are validated on monotonic testing of aluminum coupon samples with induced notches at different angles. Understanding the crack orientation provides the directions of the acoustic wave patterns, which improves the source location accuracy with proper wave velocity selection.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


The author introduces the optimized procedure of orthogonal experiment conducted for the chemical composition of the material of the part of a slurry pump through which slurry flows and casting technology which is reworked out


Significance Actin polymerization is a divalent cation-dependent process. Here we identify a cation binding site on the surface of actin in a 2.0-Å resolution X-ray structure of actin and find evidence of three additional sites in published high-resolution structures. These cations are stable in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the filament, suggesting a functional role in polymerization or filament rigidity. Polymerization activates the ATPase activity of the incorporating actin protomers. Careful analysis of water molecules that approach the ATP in the MD simulations revealed Gln137-activated water to be in a suitable position in F-actin, to initiate attack for ATP hydrolysis, and its occupancy was dependent on bound cations. The structure of the actin filament is known at a resolution that has allowed the architecture of protein components to be unambiguously assigned. However, fully understanding the chemistry of the system requires higher resolution to identify the ions and water molecules involved in polymerization and ATP hydrolysis. Here, we find experimental evidence for the association of cations with the surfaces of G-actin in a 2.0-Å resolution X-ray structure of actin bound to a Cordon-Bleu WH2 motif and in previously determined high-resolution X-ray structures. Three of four reoccurring divalent cation sites were stable during molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the filament, suggesting that these sites may play a functional role in stabilizing the filament. We modeled the water coordination at the ATP-bound Mg2+, which also proved to be stable during the MD simulations. Using this model of the filament with a hydrated ATP-bound Mg2+, we compared the cumulative probability of an activated hydrolytic water molecule approaching the γ-phosphorous of ATP, in comparison with G-actin, in the MD simulations. The cumulative probability increased in F-actin in line with the activation of actin's ATPase activity on polymerization. However, inclusion of the cations in the filament lowered cumulative probability, suggesting the rate of hydrolysis may be linked to filament flexibility. Together, these data extend the possible roles of Mg2+ in polymerization and the mechanism of polymerization-induced activation of actin's ATPase activity.


Essentials Evidence suggests a comorbidity between hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Homocysteine (HC) could affect the β‐amyloid (Aβ)‐fibrinogen interaction in AD pathology. AD patients with concomitant HHC have increased fibrin and Aβ deposits in their brains. HC contributes to AD pathology via the Aβ‐fibrinogen interaction.


This study examines the degree to which Confucian ideology is evident in the practices of modern Chinese business leaders. Based on a review of the literature, the study uncovers evidence of four historical influences: Confucianism, Daoism, Mohism and Legalism along with one modern influence, Communism. In relative terms, Confucianism is the most dominant ideological influence and the one that most distinguishes the fundamentals of Asian business leadership from those of the West. A conceptual model of the archetypal Confucian business leader is developed and then applied to the content analysis of a recent biographical database of 200 Chinese business leaders. Four exemplars of Confucian leadership in the modern business context are described, one each from Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Malaysia/Singapore. It is proposed that this study has scholarly and pedagogical implications, including demonstrating the relevance of traditional Asian thought to extend Western-centric theories of leadership and identifying Asian leadership exemplars to enhance current business school curricula.


The creep behavior of Polypropylene and Polypropylene/Calcium Carbonate were investigated by tested them at different concentration of Calcium carbonate filler (filler addition is done by soaked pp samples in CaCO3 solution) at different temperatures. A dramatically changed in the FTIR was observed when pp soaked in CaCO3 solution comparing with pristine one. It was found that the creep rate was lowered comparing to the pure Polypropylene. The Creep behavior of the polymer formed was observed to increase with increase in temperature and stress, Calcium carbonate enhanced creep rate and rapture time.


In a larger release project, European lobsters (Homarus gammarus) under legal size have been captured, checked for magnetic microtags, externally tagged, and released to their home site for population and migration studies. To see if transplanted lobsters behave differently from native lobsters, four acoustically tagged males were released between three stationary hydrophones in an open sea lagoon and tracked continuously for 2–3 weeks. Lobster 1 was from the lagoon, Lobster 2 was transplanted less than 1000 m from its capture location, and Lobsters 3 and 4 were transplanted more than 5000 m. Within a few hours, Lobsters 1 and 2 took up residence in the area of their original home sites. Lobsters 3 and 4 took up residence in the lagoon after extended roaming. Six days after release, Lobsters 1 and 4 engaged in nocturnal activity, Lobster 2 changed locations occasionally without moving long distances, and Lobster 3 did not move. The odd movement patterns in the transplanted lobsters could be caused by their lack of local knowledge. Since rocks caused blocking of the acoustic signals, manual monitoring was needed to confirm the lobster positions. In cryptic animals such as lobsters, a continuous tracking system that can penetrate stones is required.


A project of base facility is a kind of routine developing in Indonesian Naval. In this developmentt is necessary to develop methods in measuring performance and evaluating project time through a more accurate critical path feature. The research problem statement is how to evaluate the project schedule related to the time and cost of the Indonesian Navy's facility construction project by conducting a case study as a study for project scheduling at a later stage. The research objective is to identify the critical path of the project through network analysis, determine the factors that cause delays and how to overcome them, and calculate the time effectiveness and cost-efficiency of the project based on the calculation of scheduling acceleration. In this study, project performance measurement was carried out using the Earned Value Method (EVM) and network analysis using the Precedence Diagram Method (PDM). The solution to overcome delays with the crashing project method. The results of the discussion identified 15 critical path activities. The factor causing the delay is the delay in activities on the critical path due to the low level of productivity of the workforce group. The crashing method through additional 2 hours/day overtime can solve the problem of delays so that project implementation can be accelerated from the implementation of 256 working days to 226 working days (11.72% effectiveness) with the initial project cost of Rp. 74,316,727,585.00 reduced to Rp. 72,152,162,704.00 (2.91% efficiency). It will be measurable and reasonable in responsibility when it was suitable with the target.

Keywords : Network Analysis, Naval Base, and Project Development.


The authors report the first measurements of the cross sections for collisional angular momentum mixing of very highly excited sodium nd (20<or=n<or=46) states by argon, krypton and xenon using selective field ionisation. The authors' experimental results are in fair agreement with a scaling formula obtained by Hickman that provides a rapid estimate of the l-mixing cross section for rare-gas collisions. The influence of an applied electric field on the l-mixing mechanism has been investigated. Marked changes in both the absolute value of the cross section and the final states distribution are reported. These results can be accounted for by simple energy transfer arguments based on the free interacting electron model.


A reliable, simple fast-rise-time diagnostic has been developed for measuring the breakout time of the detonation wave in a detonating high explosive. The intrinsic rise time of the signals generated is less than one nanosecond. The technique, called FAT (Fiber Arrival Time), consists of an optical fiber with one end coated with ~1500 A Aluminum. The coated end is placed in intimate contact with the surface of the explosive. The detonation wave interacting with the Al surface causes a prompt flash of light which is recorded at the output end of the fiber. The active area of the FAT probe end is 100 µm in diameter and centered to within ±10 µm also giving excellent spatial precision. When used in this mode, FAT overcomes difficulties of electronic and past fiber optic pins. When looking at a flyer plate arrival the time response appears to be a function of the metal plate velocity.


A study analyzed Framingham Offspring cohort participants with parents in the Original cohort with known smoking status during the offspring's childhood, evaluated every 2-8 years and being under routine surveillance for incident AF. Of 2,816 Offspring cohort participants with at least 1 parent in the Original cohort, 82% were exposed to parental smoking. For every pack/day increase in parental smoking, there was an 18% increase in offspring AF incidence (adjusted hazard ratio HR: 1.18; p=0.04). Additionally, parental smoking was a risk factor for offspring smoking (adjusted odds ratio OR: 1.34; p<0.001). Offspring smoking mediated 17% of the relationship between parental smoking and offspring AF (Groh CA et al, J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 74:1658-64).


A shear-tensile crack (STC) is presented as a suitable source model for acoustic emission (AE) events. The experimental data comes from an uniaxial compression test realized on the Westerly granite specimen using a 14 channel Vallen Amsy5 AE monitoring system. The advantage of the STC against the traditional MT is: (i) it is a physical source – contrary to MT, as STC describes straight the simple fracture modes anticipated inside the loaded sample, namely the shear-slip and both the opening and closing tensile crack, (ii) it is simpler, described by less parameters (5 instead of 6 for the unconstrained MT), which is essential in solving the inverse problem. Proposed STC procedure was tested on 38 AE events selected in the range of 50 – 98% of uniaxial compressive strength. Compare to the MT model, the STC model showed similar fit of the input data while providing by far smaller confidence regions. That means more certain determination of mechanism orientation but mainly the highly improved reliability of the decomposition components. Thus the use of STC model allow, besides other things, to better distinguish between tension and shear type of AE events, which may be a crucial in recognizing approaching failure. In this particular experiment, the application of STC model proved to be useful in recognizing threshold of unstable microcracking and indicative in determination of failure plain orientation. The AE crack length was found to be slightly above the range of the largest grains. The principle stresses orientation, inverted from the STC mechanisms, corresponded to the stress conditions of uniaxial compression test.


The article examines the ontology, the aesthetics and the semiotics of Ripper Street in order to highlight the inherent transnationalism of the series. As such it is paradigmatic of many 'quality productions' the BBC now engages in.


The data set was generated within the research project Constructing AcTive CitizensHip with European Youth: Policies, Practices, Challenges and Solutions funded by European Union, Horizon 2020 Programme
http://www.catcheyou.eu
Grant Agreement No 649538


The Individualized Educational Plan (RPI) is one of the approaches towards the achievement of the individual teaching and learning objectives for special education students. It also concentrates on the different level of individual achievement and ability. The aim of this research is to survey the implementation readiness of Individualized Educational Plan (RPI) among Islamic Studies teachers in Muar and Batu Pahat districts. This research is conducted by using a combination of methods which involves 93 of Islamic Studies teachers. Questionnaires and interview are used as instruments in this research. The data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows (version 19.0), using descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequencies and mean. This research found that attitude of teachers are positive in implementing Individualized Educational Plan. While, the level of knowledge and level of skills are high. On the other hand, the most teaching strategies by teacher is "teacher-centred", followed by "student-centred and third is " material-centred". There are no significant difference in attitudes, level of skills and teaching strategies based on teachers' accreditation categories in implementing Individualized Educational Plan for special education students in Islamic education. However there is significant difference the level of teachers' knowledge. In addition, the research found that almost all respondents indicated that they require special training courses to strengthen the Individualized Educational Plan implementation in the Islamic education. The finding of this research can be used as references and recommendations related to the implementation of Individualized Educational Plan for special education students in Islamic Education.


Purpose: To study the somatic molecular profile of the EGF receptor (EGFR) pathway in advanced colorectal cancer, its relationship to prognosis, the site of the primary and metastases, and response to cetuximab. Experimental Design: We used Sequenom and Pyrosequencing for high-throughput somatic profiling of the EGFR pathway in 1,976 tumors from patients with advanced colorectal cancer from the COIN trial (oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy ± cetuximab). Correlations between mutations, clinicopathologic, response, and survival data were carried out. Results: Sequenom and Pyrosequencing had 99.0% (9,961/10,063) genotype concordance. We identified 13 different KRAS mutations in 42.3% of advanced colorectal cancers, 2 BRAF mutations in 9.0%, 4 NRAS mutations in 3.6%, and 5 PIK3CA mutations in 12.7%. 4.2% of advanced colorectal cancers had microsatellite instability (MSI). KRAS and PIK3CA exon 9, but not exon 20, mutations cooccurred (P = 8.9 × 10−4) as did MSI and BRAF mutations (P = 5.3 × 10−10). KRAS mutations were associated with right colon cancers (P = 5.2 × 10−5) and BRAF mutations with right (P = 7.2 × 10−5) and transverse colon (P = 9.8 × 10−6) cancers. KRAS mutations were associated with lung-only metastases (P = 2.3 × 10−4), BRAF mutations with peritoneal (P = 9.2 × 10−4) and nodal-only (P = 3.7 × 10−5) metastases, and MSI (BRAFWT) with nodal-only metastases (P = 2.9 × 10−4). MSI (BRAFWT) was associated with worse survival (HR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.30–2.76, P = 8.5 × 10−4). No mutations, subsets of mutations, or MSI status were associated with response to cetuximab. Conclusions: Our data support a functional cooperation between KRAS and PIK3CA in colorectal tumorigenesis and link somatic profiles to the sites of metastases. MSI was associated with poor prognosis in advanced disease, and no individual somatic profile was associated with response to cetuximab in COIN. Clin Cancer Res; 19(15); 4104–13. ©2013 AACR.


Some solution of effectively asymptotic expansions are studied in this paper which would use powerful symbolic operation and control sentence provided by Mathematica system to a weakly nonlinear system u+ω 2 0u=ef(u,) ,and some of automatically solving problems of Lindstedt Poincares method are considered,such as method of effectively singular perturbations. On the other hand,we have realized automatically in solving limit cycle by this method.


Tension-torsion measurements were made with applied strain on ACSR, AACSR, ACAR, aluminum and aluminum alloy conductors, as well as on groundwires. Results were compared with predictions ofa model based on mechanical properties of constituent wires and the geometry of the multistrand cable. True tensile strength of each cable was predicted accurately. Deviations were found in the torque values of cables containing galvanized steel strands. Interstrand friction, not considered in the model, is thought to be responsible for the deviation. Friction less interaction of strands was found to be a reasonable approximation for aluminum and aluminum alloy strands.


Beam-to-column connections are very important in steel structure buildings, and have direct effect on safety and economic efficiencies of the buildings. Especially, they have rigidity and ductility that are necessary for behavior and stress transmission of buildings. Furthermore, they are also needed carry strength and strain with easy construction. The design and analysis of steel structure connections are generally considered to consist of rigid, semi-rigid or pin joint. Deformation characteristic of H-shaped beams with newly T-stub connections is investigated for the effect of these joints on inelastic behavior of the beams in this paper. This research applies the model of exponential function based on the equations of equilibrium and compatibility equations at the location of bolts. The prying action reducing both the ultimate load capacity and the fatigue of the bolts are not considered in this study. The elasto-plastic behavior has been studied through various models with parameters of the length of T-flange, distance of bolts and the diameter of bolts. The results indicated that the distance of bolts has a great effect on the ultimate strength and deformation capacity of Tstub connections. The presented method may be a useful tool for the design of T-stub connections.


We study the directed polymer model in dimension $1+1$ when the environment is heavy-tailed, with a decay exponent $\alpha\in(0,2)$. We give all possible scaling limits of the model in the weak-coupling regime, i.e. when the inverse temperature temperature $\beta=\beta_n$ vanishes as the size of the system $n$ goes to infinity. When $\alpha\in(1/2,2)$, we show that all possible transversal fluctuations $\sqrt{n} \leq h_n \leq n$ of the polymer can be achieved by tuning properly $\beta_n$, allowing to interpolate between all super-diffusive scales. Moreover, we determine the scaling limit of the model, answering a conjecture by Dey and Zygouras [cf:DZ] -- we actually identify five different regimes. On the other hand, when $\alpha<1/2$, we show that there are only two regimes: the transversal fluctuations are either $\sqrt{n}$ or $n$. This extends the results of Auffinger and Louidor [AL11], and Dey and Zygouras [cf:DZ], which considered only the cases where $h_n =n$, resp. $h_n=\sqrt{n}$. As a key ingredient, we introduce the [Entropy-controlled Last Passage Percolation] (E-LPP), which is a natural generalization of Hammersley's Last Passage Percolation where points can be collected by paths with the constraint to have an entropy bounded by a fixed constant -- instead of a $1$-Lipschitz constraint. We prove several estimates on the E-LPP in continuous and in discrete settings, which are of interest on their own.


For a physical layer message authentication procedure based on the comparison of channel estimates obtained from the received messages, we focus on an outer bound on the type I/II error probability region. Channel estimates are modeled as multivariate Gaussian vectors, and we assume that the attacker has only some side information on the channel estimate, which he does not know directly. We derive the attacking strategy that provides the tightest bound on the error region, given the statistics of the side information. This turns out to be a zero mean, circularly symmetric Gaussian density whose covariance matrices can be obtained by solving a constrained optimization problem. We propose an iterative algorithm for its solution: starting from the closed-form solution of a relaxed problem, we obtain, by projection, an initial feasible solution; then, by an iterative procedure, we look for the fixed-point solution of the problem. Numerical results show that for cases of interest the iterative approach converges, and perturbation analysis shows that the found solution is a local minimum.


In the 1940s and 50s, Florida modernist architects developed a regional house—The Florida Tropical Home—that the Miami architect Robert Law Weed (1897–1961) inaugurated with his design of the Florida Tropical Home at the 1933 Century of Progress Fair in Chicago. One of the attributes of the Florida Tropical Home was the unification of indoor and outdoor spaces, through a fusion of landscape architecture and the interior of the house. Architects deployed multiple design strategies to achieve this fusion of indoors and outdoors. An annual architecture magazine—Florida Architecture—documented the increasing unification of indoor-outdoor spaces from the 1940s into the 50s. The magazine's editorial advisory board comprised progressive architects such as—Weed, Wahl Snyder (1910–1989), Igor Polevitzky (1911–1978), Robert Little (1915–1982), and Alfred Browning Parker (1916–2011)—whose projects were featured as experiments in tropical homes. This paper will investigate how the Florida Tropical Home in the 1940s and 50s redefined the relationship between indoors and outdoors— from one of separation to one of unification. Through an analysis of the homes published in Florida Architecture, this study concludes that the architects developed a Florida regional architecture that was based on new relationships between indoors and outdoors.


Automobile styling design is an important part of the design chain. In the traditional automobile modeling evaluation, the process of project evaluation is more in-depth, and designers exchange ideas. Different designers have different evaluations of automobile styling. The evaluation process lasts a long time, which leads to the design cycle being too long and the efficiency of automobile modeling evaluation is greatly reduced. The introduction of virtual reality in automobile modeling evaluation can effectively optimize the evaluation process and promote the rapid adjustment of the model on the basis of development. From the virtual reality system based on mechanical engineering, we only need the parameters of the car model to observe the actual situation through VR technology, and use the measurement tools to directly and accurately evaluate the driver's field of vision. Through the application of virtual reality technology in the automobile design stage, the interactive and network-based remote research on automobile modeling will also make the automobile design process more convenient, easier to communicate with designers, and reduce the development cycle and cost of automobile design.


In studies of the carbohydrate metabolism of mammalian pancreatic β cells, Cartesian divers were used for analyses of the oxygen consumption of isolated surviving islets of Langerhans from obese-hyperglycemic mice. When single islets (dry weight 1–10 μg) were incubated in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer at 37 C, the islet cells respired at a constant rate for several hours. A rapid and pronounced elevation of the respiratory rate was observed, when the incubation medium was supplemented with D-glucose in a concentration of 3 mg/ml. The oxygen uptake increased with glucose concentration in the range 0.5–3 mg/ml. A smaller degree of stimulation of the respiratory rate was obtained with D-mannose and D-fructose. D-Galactose and 2-deoxy-D-glucose had no obvious effects on the endogenous respiration of the islet cells, whereas a slightly inhibitory effect was noted with D-mannoheptulose. In addition, the latter carbohydrate almost completely blocked the effect of glucose on the islet respiration and strongly inh...


Abstract : Between 1980 and 1985, budget authority for the Department of Defense (DoD) increased by 51 percent after adjustment for inflation. Unfortunately, the measures available to assess what has been accomplished by that buildup are severely limited. There exists today no direct, comprehensive measure that quantifies the likelihood that U.S. forces, together with those of our allies, would prevail in a future conflict. Nor are we ever likely to develop such a comprehensive measure. My testimony today is based on a Congressional Budget Office (CBO) review which had a more limited objective -- namely, to summarize for the Congress data on our military forces and their capabilities. CBO did not examine the growth in Soviet forces and their capabilities. Moreover, in assessing U.S. forces, CBO accepted the Administration's overall strategic framework and priorities. We can count the numbers and types of weapons; we can also assess improved capability in other areas, although with less certainty. But measuring overall cost effectiveness is virtually impossible, and definitive conclusions remain elusive. The measures I will review today show improvements in various factors that are generally accepted as important indicators of U.S. military capability. The measures fall into four categories: Force structure -- the number of combat units of various types; Modernization -- the replacement of older equipment with newer, more sophisticated equipment; Readiness -- the ability of U.S. forces to deploy and fight in the early stages of a conflict; and Sustainability -- the ability to sustain prolonged combat to a successful resolution. Based on those measures, there has been general improvement in all aspects of military capability between 1980 and 1985. With a few exceptions, such as quality of personnel, however, quantitative measures of performance show only modest improvements. In many areas, quality is, of course, harder to measure.


The crack is one of the most common defects during ammonia converter normal operation.It is analyzed and discussed by combining with the field detection.


: Objective is to explore the application effect of dancing therapy in the rehabilitation process of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: From January to December 2021, 60 patients with schizophrenia in the rehabilitation period of Chongqing Mental Health Center were selected and divided into the control group and the study group, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was given routine hospital rehabilitation, while the study group was given dance therapy on this basis. The psychological state, self-efficacy, mental rehabilitation effect and social function of the two groups were compared. Results: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in psychological state, self-efficacy, mental rehabilitation effect and social function between the two groups (P> 0.05); After the intervention, the psychological status score of the study group was lower than that of the control group, and the self-efficacy, mental rehabilitation effect and social function score of the study group were higher than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion Dance therapy can not only promote the recovery of mental state, self-efficacy and social function, but also improve the effect of mental rehabilitation.


Two classes of probability densities, the exponential Fourier densities and the exponential trigonometric densities, are introduced on the unit sphere, as well as four kinds of displacements. In general, neither class is closed under the operation of taking conditional distributions with respect to any of the displacements. A combined usage of both classes is required to study the estimation and detection models obtained from various combinations of the displacements. The merits and disadvantages of each model are discussed. Recursive formulas for the conditional densities and the likelihood ratios are derived for many of the models. The additive measurement noise case is also considered in detail. An error criterion for direction estimation is presented with respect to which the optimal estimates can be easily computed from the probability distribution. A deficiency of the models and techniques developed in this paper is that random driving terms are disallowed in the signal processes.


ABSTRACT In the pursuit of self-driving vehicles, pedestrian recognition plays an integral role. The following work proposes a pedestrian gesture recognition method based on a k-nearest neighbour algorithm combined with pyramid residual module to reduce computation and improve real-time performance of gesture recognition. The method was formulated using a data from Udacity, and subsequently compared with other recognition methods. The experimental results showed that the accuracy of the new method was as high as 92%, which is an improvement over the conventional histogram of oriented gradient method. The proposed method was further verified by other indicators, demonstrating its robustness and generality.


The invention femtosecond laser optical frequency comb diode is injected to the laser optical frequency comb only one mode, only the injection phase-locked (injection phase-locking) the single mode to obtain a laser light femtosecond laser optical frequency and interval of, that is, the repetition rate by varying with the semiconductor laser frequency scanning light frequency using an injectable femtosecond laser Gwangju mouth locking while having a single optical frequency desired synthesizer and relates to an optical frequency synthesizing method using the optical frequency synthesizer, the femtosecond laser lock as main laser mode and, as a slave laser, only the optical frequency comb component in the vicinity of the main laser diode laser of the femtosecond laser the laser light is injected in, and the main laser in the slave laser is a diode laser with the laser light through from the femtosecond laser oscillation wavelength diode such that injected into the laser It characterized by yirueojim including an interference filter. Femtosecond laser, a diode laser, a mode-locked, frequency synthesis, optical frequency comb