The invention relates to an ecological restoration method for a city watercourse. The ecological restoration method for the city watercourse is characterized in that the polluted city watercourse is comprehensively restored with the combination of physical, biological and ecological technologies, the ecological theory is used for reference in the treatment process, the ecological idea is used as the guiding thought, a complex water ecosystem structure is constructed and restored, the original natural state of the watercourse is restored, the self-cleaning capacity of a river system is improved, the environment is beautified, and the local city microclimates are improved at the same time. The ecological restoration method mainly comprises the steps of (1) controlling a pollution source, (2) modifying the river bank, (3) optimizing the environment of the river bottom, (4) modifying the watercourse, (5) conducting aeration and oxygenation, (6) constructing an aquatic plant community, (7) constructing a fish and macrobenthos community, and (8) maintaining the system. The watercourse ecological system restored through the ecological restoration method has the certain anti-interference capacity, on the premise that a large amount of exogenous pollution is cut off, the certain-strength interference can be resisted, and the good ecological environmental effect is obtained. After one-time input, the better ecological benefit can be obtained only with a small number of maintenance costs.


This paper presents a brief overview of the situation with the domestic public service broadcasting, with reference to its past and future development trends. In this paper, a special emphasis is given to the process of media digitalization in Serbia. Due to the negative effects of the global economic crisis, we will try to clarify how and under what financial conditions, the Serbian public service broadcasting sector plans to carry out the digitization process. Having in mind the low standard of living in Serbia, the paper will be focused on the expenditures of the Republic of Serbia (as well as the financial cost to citizens) in the transition to digital signal. The digitalization process in Serbia will be financed by international financial institutions, while the national government will provide financial help only to the socially underprivileged population. Digitalization should be concerned as a long term investment that will improve operations of the domestic media sector. In Europe, the digitalization process is far ahead (in a more advanced stage). In comparison to EU and CEE countries, the digitalization process in Serbia is in delay.


Primary carcinoma of the ileum is a relatively uncommon disease. We have recently encountered a case of primary carcinoma of the ileum associated with intussusception, which is presented here with a review of 18 cases reported in Japan in the past 10 years.The patient, a 73-year old woman, was admitted to our hospital with the chief complaint of abdominal fullness. Ultrasonography revealed a tumor associated with intussusception. Barium enema examination showed a tumor in the caecum. It was diagnosed as intussusception at the ileocaecal region by an upper gastrointestinal series. At surgery a Borrman type 1 tumor (4.5×3.5 cm), which is associated with intussusception into the ascending colon, was identified in the ileum 8 cm from Bauhin's valve. The resected tumor was histologically diagnosed as well-differentiated adenocarcinoma with no metastasis in the regional lymph nodes.Carcinomas of the ileum usually occur in patients between 50 and 70 years old and predominate in men. Their rarity and nonspecific presenting features make their diagnosis difficult to establish. In the 18 cases we reviewed, they were often diagnosed as ileus. The tumors were within 30 cm from Bauhin's valve in 15 of the cases; the diameter was more than 4 cm and the shape was polypoidal in many cases. Most adenocarcinomas were well differentiated.


The increasing specialization of modern science is generating a wide variety of new disciplines that are rarely combined in research projects. It is argued that it is necessary to combine disciplines in order to have a comprehensive understanding of complex social phenomena. Although research projects can be approached from different perspectives, this article focuses mainly on potential contributions from mathematical non-linear dynamic systems. We posed questions such as: What is it understood by complexity? How can it be studied? How can it contribute to Social Science and to solve specific social problems? We conclude the article by answering these questions based on a review of the following topics: 1) different approaches to the study of complexity, 2) background of the mathematical perspective, 3) development of social sciences and their relation to the mathematical approach, 4) state of the art of the mathematical approach to complexity sciences, 5) contributions from studies of complexity to the understanding and solving social problems, 6) emotional behavior and decision making, and 7) non-disciplinary teaching of complexity.


The ventilation air–methane (VAM) released from underground mines is often transported into regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) devices and burnt into heat energy. This study numerically investigates the scenarios where explosion occurs inside the RTO and the flame and pressure waves propagate back quickly towards the VAM discharge duct. Possibilities of secondary explosion in the discharge duct, hence in the downstream underground mines, are examined. The results critically showed that when the methane concentration accumulated in the RTO reached 7.5% or above, the flame generated from the explosion jumped to the evasé of the discharge section (over a distance of 29.4 m) and could induce explosions in underground mines.


A three‐stage evolution model proposed for the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) by Bhowmik is an incomplete model for the zone and has flaws regarding (a) the status of the Tirodi Gneiss vis‐à‐vis the Sausar Group, (b) the time of granulite metamorphism with respect to the deposition of the Sausar Group, and (c) the style of orogeny, direction of subduction, and position of suture. The author needs to clarify some of the regional structural and stratigraphic relations to support the conclusions drawn in the paper.


An in‐vitro perifusion system was used to investigate spontaneous ACTH release from human fetal (21–23 weeks gestation) and adult pituitaries. The pattern of ACTH release from fetal pituitaries (n= 7) exhibited a remarkable pulsatile character with a mean (± SEM) pulse interval of 11.3 ± 0.8 min. The mean pulse amplitude was 49.7 ± 6.3 pg, with a nadir to peak increment of 90.7 ± 10.4%. The mean ACTH release rate was 87.2±13.3 pg/2 min. Addition of the calcium chelator EGTA (4 nM) to the perifusion medium induced a significant (p±0.01) decrease in both ACTH release rate (from 102.0 ± 8.5 to 52.0 ± 9.9 pg/2 min) and ACTH pulse amplitude (from 57.7 ± 2.8 to 31.3 ± 4.6 pg) (n= 3). Administration of either 2 nM corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) or 56 mM KCl induced 10‐ and 2‐fold increases in ACTH secretion, respectively (n= 2). Quarters of adult human pituitaries (n– 6) also secreted ACTH in a pulsatile fashion, with a pulse interval of 14.8±1.7 min, pulse amplitude of 86.7± 10.0 pg, nadir to peak increment of 84.5 ± 9.8%, and overall release rate of 167.2 ± 8.8 pg/2 min. These studies demonstrate that ACTH release from the isolated human pituitary in vitro is characterized by high frequency/low amplitude pulses, independent of hypothalamic stimulation. Accordingly, this spontaneous calcium‐dependent pulsatile ACTH release apparently reflects the activity of an intrinsic intrapituitary pulse‐generating mechanism.


1 Faculty of Forestry, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, J and K, 19112, India. 2 Division of Pomology, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, J and K, 19112, India. 3 Division of Statistics, SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, J and K, 19112, India. 4 Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.


This paper describes the experimental apparatus and analysis techniques now in place at the US Army Tank-automotive and Armaments COMmand Visual Perception Lab in Warren, Michigan, and the results of some preliminary trials using these methods. The tools will be used to develop and analyse experiments to better understand how drivers use various displays and viewing systems intended to aid drivers in poor visibility conditions, particularly at night. Visible and infrared road scene imagery obtained from the field were displayed simultaneously and subject eye fixation and point of gaze measured using a magnetic head tracker and near infrared eyetracker. Results were analysed to determine if personal differences between the various subjects caused them to prefer one display to another. The goal was to see if people prefer to use the heads up display or the direct view for driving at night.


The present invention relates to a cream filler composition which comprises: a lipid fraction, a fat fraction which is at room temperature, the SFI of 0 vegetable oil, the lipid fraction of total saturation 0% -5% w / w of the total and partially hydrogenated lipid fraction of 0% -1% w / w fat fraction composition, powder sweetener composition, and a wheat gluten fraction having a gliadin wheat gluten in native increased protein content compared to the content of gliadin. The present invention further relates to the preparation of the cream filler composition and food compositions comprising a cream filler composition.


Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of spinal manipulation (SMT) compared with spinal mobilization (MOB) onpain,disability,qualityof life,sciaticaandgeneralperceptionof recoveryinindividualswithlumbardiskherniationwithradicu-lopathy (LDHR). Methods: Atotalof 40individualswithLDHRwillberandomlyallocatedinto2groups;20participantseachinSMTandMOBgroups. Each participant will be assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks of intervention. Outcomes will also be assessed at 6th and 12th months of follow-up. Outcomestobeassessedwillincludepain(VAS),functionaldisability(RMDQ-RollandMorrisdisabilityquestionnaire), sciaticabothersomenessindex(SBI),sciaticafrequencyindex(SFI),qualityof life(SF-36),generalperceptionof recovery(GROC)and objective functional impairment (TUG-timed up and go test). Discussion: This trial will determine the difference in outcomes between spinal manipulative therapy and spinal mobilization groups in individuals with LDHR.


United States Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Florida,United States Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD). Chief Scientist: Bill R. Lewelling. Boomer data (navigation) of field activity 95LCA03 (J-3-95-FL) in Peace River (west-central Florida, from east of Bartow to east of Wauchula) from 10/31/1995 to 11/09/1995, http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/j/j395fl/html/j-3-95-fl.meta.html.


Following his classic fine-structure mapping of the rII locus in phage T4 (Benzer 1959, 1961), Seymour Benzer decided in the mid-1960s to switch focus to apply genetics to the study of behavior using Drosophila as a model. The field that he established is now referred to as "neurogenetics." Benzer, then a professor at Purdue University, spent a sabbatical year (1965–1966) in Roger Sperry's laboratory in the Gordon A. Alles Laboratory for Molecular Biology at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), although much of his time was spent learning how to breed and take care of Drosophila from Ed Lewis, whose laboratory was around the corner from Sperry's.


Student Advisoring System have been develop for Faculty Science Computer and Information System students that follow the Science Computer Integration course. This is a system that can give a susgestion solution for a student's problem in their academic. The development of this system use expert system concept that support Artificial Inteligence principle by using prototype methodology and knowledge engineering. Case Based Reasoning technique and search strategies will be use to process susgestion of the solution that it will be output of the system. LISP as Artificial Artilegence language will be use to program the system. Conclusion, hopefully the output of this system could have a same dicision from those who expert.


It's coming again, the new collection that this site has. To complete your curiosity, we offer the favorite fundamentals of human lymphoid cell culture book as the choice today. This is a book that will show you even new to old thing. Forget it; it will be right for you. Well, when you are really dying of fundamentals of human lymphoid cell culture, just pick it. You know, this book is always making the fans to be dizzy if not to find.


'The development of dabigatran and the first results from the use of the novel anticoagulant in the RE-LY trial mark an extremely important time in medical history; the first time in 75 years that physicians have agents that are better than the extremely effective warfarin in secondary stroke prevention.'


The present study focuses on the investigation of 2,2′,2″-nitrilotrisethanol (triethanolamine) as an entrainer to effect the separation of an isopropanol–water mixture. The vapor–liquid equilibrium...


Two focused Mars missions that would fit within the guidelines for the proposed Discovery line are discussed. The first mission would deal with the issue of the escape of the atmosphere (Mars') to space. A complete understanding of this topic is crucial to deciphering the evolution of the atmosphere, climate change, and volatile inventories. The second mission concerns the investigation of remanent magnetization of the crust and its relationship to the ionosphere and the atmosphere.


An accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and an exclusion of other dementias is important in many clinical studies. Obtaining such a clinical diagnosis in epidemiological studies and clinical trials that recruit large numbers of patients is time consuming.


Gonadotropin Induced Trancient and Cell Specific Expression of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogenactivator Inhibitor Type 1 Leads to a Controlled and Directed Proteolysis During Ovulation


One of the major problems of nuclear power industry is associated with large amounts of radioactive wastes. Contemporary reprocessing technologies of spent nuclear fuel generate significant volumes of liquid high-level wastes, containing a great number of various nuclides. At present, fractionation is agreed to be the most promising and environmentally safe strategy of treating such wastes; however, this raises the problem of partitioning of minor actinides and lanthanides. Counter-current extraction in two-phase aqueous solution – organic phase systems is considered as the most efficient approach. Analysis of the extractant systems proposed to date, including systems with non-selective extractants (phosphine oxides, phosphoric acids, diamides of dicarboxylic acids, etc.) for joint recovery of lanthaniedes and actinides and systems with selective extractants (sulfur-containing compounds, N-heterocyclic compounds, diamides of N-heterocyclic dicarboxylic acids, etc.) for partitioning of actinides and lanthanides is presented. Modification methods for the known extractant systems, particularly the role of diluents, is discussed. The application of water-soluble complexing agents selective to actinides, including the possibility of combining extractants with complexants with opposite affinities, is considered. The bibliography includes 232 references.


The invention provides a 3D-printing preparation method for tablet medicines through spraying medicaments on a matrix material. The method comprises the steps: firstly, carrying out three-dimensional scanning and layering treatment on a medicine required to be printed, then, mixing main ingredients and a binder of the medicine so as to prepare a printing raw material, and meanwhile, selecting a biodegradable material as the matrix material for printing the medicine; finally, laying the matrix material on a three-dimensional forming platform through a 3D printer firstly, and then, spraying multiple layers of the printing raw material on the matrix material of each layer. According to the method, by adopting the novel printing method that the medicaments are sprayed on the matrix material, some problems in tablet preparation by the traditional process can be effectively solved; meanwhile, the variety and content of a disintegrant and the binder in the medicine can be independently controlled during printing, so that the effective dispersion speed and gradient of tablets can be quantitatively regulated and controlled, and the blood entering speed of effective ingredients is increased.


Hyla gouveai n. sp. is described and illustrated and it is closest to the bigger individuals of the species in the group "circumdata", not presenting, however, the characteristic pattern of dark transversal bands on the posterior inner coxal surface.


The productive management automatic control system of Sulige gas field was put into production in Nov. 2006.The system absorbs the Experion PKS automatic control system developed by Honeywell,it includes the SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system of gas field management center and the DCS( Distributed Control System) system of No.1 Sulige gas central processing facility.The system undertakes the funetion of collecting,han- dling,displaying,alarming,produeting report forms and automatic control,etc..It can distribute control the produc- tion process,centralize watch on the production process and dispatch the production process.It improve salty function, reliability and the level of management.This article discusses from composition of Experion PKS,the application in Sulige gas field productive management automatic control system,etc.,get some eonelution,point out the disadvan- tage,and give some feasibility suggestion.


According to some researches, 85% major depression followed by anxiety. Many research about anxiety especially experimental research shows that mu sic therapy has a significant effect to reduce anxiety and increase positive emotions. Music therapy has two roles or goals that are reinforcement and punishment. In this paper, the writer focus on music therapy as reinforcement or drivers of behavior change toward more positive. Expected that these changes can be settled, attached, and continuous on related individuals. Based on those explanation assumed that music therapy can be used with its role as a reinforcement to be lowering the intensity of postpartum depression in some women postpartum. This paper written with library study methods and techniques of content analysis. Keywords: postpartum depression, woman, music therapy, lowering, reinforcement


Statistical control charts are often used in industry to monitor processes in the interests of quality improvement. Such charts assume independence and normality of the control statistic, but these assumptions are often violated in practice. To better capture the true shape of the underlying distribution of the control statistic, we utilize the g-and-k distributions to estimate probability limits, the true ARL, and the error in confidence that arises from incorrectly assuming normality. A sensitivity assessment reveals that the extent of error in confidence associated with control chart decision-making procedures increases more rapidly as the distribution becomes more skewed or as the tails of the distribution become longer than those of the normal distribution. These methods are illustrated using both a frequentist and computational Bayesian approach to estimate the g-and-k parameters in two different practical applications. The Bayesian approach is appealing because it can account for prior knowledge in the estimation procedure and yields posterior distributions of parameters of interest such as control limits.


Ch. 1 Introduction 1 Ch. 2 The development of the Antwerp market before 1500 17 Ch. 3 Antwerp's foreign merchant communities 40 Ch. 4 The Germans in Antwerp 60 Ch. 5 Commerce and urban networks 95 Ch. 6 The infrastructure of Antwerp's German trade 114 Ch. 7 Trade between Antwerp and Germany in the sixteenth century 128 Ch. 8 German activities in the second half of the sixteenth century and the decline of the Antwerp market 172 Ch. 9 The German contribution 184 App. 1 Money 191 App. 2 Merchants with exports to Germany over 1000 [pound] Flemish Groot (1543-1545) 193 App. 3 Total value of exports from Antwerp to various German cities (1543-1545) 195 App. 4 Value of principal products exported from Antwerp to South German destinations (1543-1545)


Background Nowadays there is a great variability in evaluation and management of patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases during fertility, pregnancy, post-partum and breastfeeding, in part due to lack of knowledge. Objectives To develop recommendations on the evaluation and management of patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases during fertility, pregnancy, post-partum and breastfeeding based on the best evidence and experience. Methods Recommendations were generated following nominal group methodology and Delphi technique. A panel of experts was established (12 rheumatologists). A systematic literature review and a narrative review (websites, clinical guidelines and other relevant documentation) were performed and presented to the panel in the 1st panel meeting to be discussed and to help define recommendations. A first draft of recommendations was generated and circulated for comments and wording refinements. A national survey analyzing different aspects of this topic was undertaken separately. Then, a Delphi process (2 rounds) was carried out. Recommendations were voted from 1 (total disagreement) to 10 (total agreement). We defined agreement if at least 70% voted ≥7. The level of evidence and grade or recommendation was assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine Levels of Evidence. Results A total of 14 recommendations (see figure) were generated on the pre-conception period (oral and hormonal anticonception, reproductive techniques), pregnancy (planning, treatment and follow-up), and breastfeeding (treatment and follow-up). High risk situations were included as lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome. A consensus >90% was reached in all but one recommendation. Conclusions These recommendations are intended to provide rheumatologists, patients, families and other stakeholders a consensus on the evaluation and management of patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases during fertility, pregnancy, post-partum and breastfeeding. Disclosure of Interest None declared


This paper analysed the mutual relationship between binary number and decimal number based on the basic principle of numerical system conversion.The method of converting binary number to decimal number is obtained.An example of converting 8 bit binary number to 3 bit decimal number based on the method is put forward.


Women's self-monitoring orientation was investigated as a moderator of self-presentational efficacy (SPE) and social physique anxiety (SPA) reactions to variations in sex of instructors and co-exercisers in exercise class settings. High (n = 30) and low (n = 49) self-monitors reported SPA and SPE after imagining participation in exercise classes in which sex of the co-exercisers and the instructor varied. For low self-monitors only, SPA was higher in conditions with mixed-sex co-exercisers (p < .05, ηp2 = .10) and men instructors (p = .001, ηp2 = .21). High self-monitors reported higher SPE than low self-monitors, and SPE varied by condition. Women's SPA reactions to exercise environments depend on self-monitoring orientation, which should be considered in research on self-presentational concerns in exercise.


Accelerator magnets made from blocks of permanent magnets in a zero-clearance configuration are known as Halbach arrays. The objective of this work is the fusion of knowledge from different measurement sources (material and field) and domain knowledge (magnetostatics) to obtain an updated magnet model of a Halbach array. From Helmholtz-coil measurements of the magnetized blocks, a prior distribution of the magnetization is estimated. Measurements of the magnetic flux density are used to derive, by means of Bayesian inference, a posterior distribution. The method is validated on simulated data and applied to measurements of a dipole of the FASER detector. The updated magnet model of the FASER dipole describes the magnetic flux density one order of magnitude better than the prior magnet model.


1. Adaptive changes in shade occur in Fundulus heteroclitus when placed on white, gray, and black backgrounds. This adaptation is brought about by the contraction or expansion of the melanophores.2. On colored backgrounds for short periods, adaptation in only shade occurs.3. Prolonged stimulation by colored backgrounds brings about adaptation in color. This occurred in yellow, red, green, and blue environments.4. The experiments with spectral lights of different wave-lengths but of the same radiant energy or intensity, show that the melanophores respond similarly at all wave-lengths, the contraction being due to light intensity.5. The response to the longer wave-lengths, red and especially yellow, in causing an expansion of the xanthophores, though intensity was the same as in the blue on short wave-length end of the spectrum, shows that the quality of light or wave-length has a specific influence on the coloration of Fundulus.6. The stimuli causing changes in shade and color are received through the eyes...


This paper is concerned with the problem of giving a correct analysis of function statements as they are used in biology. Examples of such statements are (1) The function of the myelin sheath is to insulate the nerve fiber and (2) The function of chlorophyll is to enable photosynthesis to take place. After criticizing analyses of such statements developed by Braithwaite, Nagel and Hempel an analysis is presented by the author. Finally the question of whether function statements are explanations is discussed briefly.


In order to improve the ability of obtaining intelligence of forest police officers,local forest publics ecurity departments must formulate a scientific model based on the actual situation of the local conditions.In thiss tudy,on the basis of the objective investigation on China's forest police training,the author scientifically summarizesn ecessary training content for the improvement of the intelligence ability for Chinese forest public security.Accordingt o the study,intelligence gathering capability,information processing ability and the ability to use information aret he main content that are needed to adapt to the current capacity of China's forest police intelligence training,andt hrough the comparative analysis,this thesis provides a reference for the training of forest police intelligence and information.


A pH-responsive polyzwitterionic acid [PZA)], poly[3-(N,N-diallylammonio)propanephosphonic acid], and an alternate copolymer PZA·SO2, poly[3-(N,N-diallylammonio)propanephosphonic acid-alt-SO2] have been prepared via cypolymerization. Aqueous two phase systems (ATPSs) of polyoxyethylene (POE)–(NaOH-treated PZA or PZA·SO2)–water (NaCl) have been investigated. To construct the tie lines, the compositions of the phases were determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The addition of 1, 1.5, and 2 equiv NaOH transform the (±) zwitterionic polymers to their corresponding (±−) zwitterionic–anionic, (±−)/(=) zwitterionic–anionic/dianionic, and (=) dianionic polyelectrolyte. The influence of NaOH and salt (NaCl) on the binodals have been examined. Increasing the amount of added NaOH pushes the binodals toward lower concentrations, thereby requiring a lesser amount of polymers for phase separation. The NH+ and the OH functional groups in (±) PZA and (±) PZA·SO2 provide the required motifs for the base-induced change of the ...


Evidence-based practice is an increasingly popular term, used in a variety of clinical settings and situations. Practitioners are encouraged to use best evidence as part of clinical decision-making when caring for individual patients. This evidence, combined with practitioner expertise and knowledge, aims to inform practice, ensuring that accurate, effective and safe treatment options are utilized.


Summary The multiple-beam induction linac approach to a heavy ion driver for inertial confinement fusion features continuous current amplification along the accelerator and a minimum of beam manipulations from source to pellet. Current amplification and bunch length control require careful shaping of the accelerating voltages. MBE-4 is designed as a four-beam induction linac that models much of the accelerator physics of the electrostatically focused section of a significantly longer induction accelerator. Four space-charge-dominated Cs+ beams, initially about one meter in length at a current of 13 mA, are focused by electrostatic quadrupoles and accelerated in parallel from ZOO to nearly 600 keV. The energy will reach approximately one MeV when the accelerator is complete. Experiments have proceeded in parallel with the construction of the apparatus which began in FY 85 and is now more that half complete. The results show a current amplification, so far, by a factor of 2.8 in good agreement with the longitudinal acceleration calculations. Abstract Using the Single Beam Transport Experiment (SBTE) at LBL, we have measured the emittance of a well-matched 4.6-mA beam of 122-keV cs+ to be conserved from injection into through exit from an 80-lens segment of the AG focussing channel. We then mismatched the beam into the same channel such that the maximum (minimum) radius of the beam at the midplane between lenses was about 1.5 (D.5) times the former value. We caused mismatches in the envelope of the beam in both transverse dimensions (labeled a and b) in modes both symmetric (oa ob) and antisymmetric (oa -ob). We found the mismatch amplitude to decay during the beam transit through the channel for both modes of mismatch, although more so for the antisymmetric mode. We also found the emittance of the symmetrically mismatched beam to be the same as for the matched beam, while the emittance of the antisymmetrically mismatched beam grew by as much as a factor of four over that for the matched beam. .. ... Abstract A particle-in-cell computer simulation code has been used to study the transverse dynamics of nonrelativistic misaligned space-charge-dominated coasting beams in an alternating gradient focusing channel. In the presence of nonlinear forces due to dodecapole or octupole imperfections of the focusing fields or to image forces, the transverse rms emittance grows in a beat pattern. Analysis indicates that this emittance dilution is due to the driving of coherent modes of the beam near their resonant frequencies by the nonlinear force. The effects of the dodecapole and images forces can be made to effectively cancel for some boundary conditions, but the mechanism is not understood at this time. a its Abstract In order to examine problems and phenomena associated with space charge in a beam bending system, the beam dynamics code HICURB has been written. Its principal features include momentum variations, vertical and horizontal envelope dynamics coupled to the off-axis centroid, curvature effect on fields, and images. Preliminary results for an achromatic lattice configuration are presented. Abstract Emittance growth of beams during transverse com bining has been studied computationally and experimentally for Heavy Ion Fusion applications, and the theory and results are presented. A hardware design is also discussed. Abstract In this report we compare two physics designs of the low energy end of an induction-linac-ICF driver: one using electric quadrupole focusing of many parallel beams followed by transverse beam combining; the other using magnetic quadrupole focusing of fewer beams without beam combining. Because of larger head- to-tail velocity spread and a consequent rapid current amplification in a magnetic focusing channel, the overall accelerator size of the design using magnetic focusing is comparable to that using electric focusing.


Anaphylaxis/ anaphylactoid reactions Anaphylaxis is a serious, potentially life-threatening reaction that involves multiple organs and usually rapid in onset. At its most severe, there is bronchospasm, upper airway angioedema and hypotensive shock. Anaphylaxis is an IgE mediated type 1 hypersensitivity reaction that results in mast cell activation and release of multiple mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, TNF and various other cytokines. Anaphylaxis is the most serious and life-threatening form of systemic allergic reactions.


By considering the idle resources cost in resources distribution process,this paper proposed a multi-objective coordination optimization model with the cost of multi-project duration daly and idle resources integrated synthetically,aiming at achieving integration scheduling optimization of resource-constrained multi-project.This model improved the efficiency of resource utilization,and achieved intergration scheduling in the case of minimal target cost in theory.Making comprehensive used of the advantage of simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm,it designed an annealing genetic algorithm to solve the model.It carried a case study out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and model.


In this paper,Points out that display factors of packaging decoration design,Analyzes the internal programming interface(SAI) and the external programming interface(EAI) of X3D,Uses the interaction method of X3D dynamic scene to show the packaging decoration design,Proposes an interactive display frame for packaging decoration design based on X3D.With a box of fruit juice drinks brand decoration design analog display to illustrate the specific implementation methods,For the same type of three-dimensional virtual interaction provides a useful way of thinking.


This paper is a reflection on my participation in one international research project of viewing Asia by Asian scholars. It will include accounts of the complexity and fascination of one Indonesian researcher when examining popular theatres in Sri Lanka. The underlying assumption is that Asian people have rich and diverse forms of cultural heritage that can provide resources for cultivating a culture of peace. However, despite the similar history and geopolitics between Indonesia and Sri Lanka, the task was not made any easier, given, first, the politico-economic implications and, second, psychosocial repercussion of the project. This paper argues that both factors as well as the researcher"s own cultural baggage need to be attuned to the contextual condition in order to address adequately issues of war, reconciliation, and ethnicity that this lived experience research seeks to explore.


The design method of FIR digital filter is introduced in this paper,and the design and simulation of FIR digital filter by the use of FDATOOL and SIMULINK simulation toolbox in MATLAB are presented.The results show that the design scheme of digital filter is fast and simple,with high reliability,which can meet the technical requirements.


The method relates to a manufacture method of a variable cross-section reed with high strength of more than 1800 MPa, which sequentially comprises the steps of: 1, blanking the reed; 2, processing a center hole; 3, commonly shot-blasting; 4, forming a variable cross-section; 5, trimming a coiled lug; 6, quenching and annealing; 7, controlling the temperature and shot-blasting by stress; 8, processing by preserving the temperature; 9, freely shot-blasting; 10, assembling an assembly; 11, prepressing and strengthening, and the like. The invention optimizes and improves manufacture process of the variable cross-section reed with high-strength, is not only suitable for manufacturing variable cross-section reeds with high-strength of more than 1800MPa by using 60Si2CrVA(improved), but also suitable for manufacturing the variable cross-section reeds with high-strength by applying various kinds of spring steels of 51CrMoV4, 60SiCrV7 and the like, improves the surface quality of the reed, increases the residual press stress after the shot-blasting by the reed stress, increases the capability of improving the stress relaxation resistance of the reed and the fatigue service life, and meets the requirements for reducing the weight, prolonging the service life, improving the comfort and the like of vehicles.


Unhindered phenols were oxidized with PbO2 in the presence of nitrosobonzene and nitrosodurene. The phenoxyl radicals generated are trapped in their resonance form as ortho‐carbon‐centred radicals. Depending on the substitution of the spin trap, two types of aminoxyl radicals are formed. Stable diarylaminoxyls are the final products of the spin‐trapping reaction with nitrosodurene. The adducts of the ortho‐carbon‐centred phenoxyl radicals with nitrosobenzene are rapidly rearranged to the phenoxazine‐10‐oxyl radicals, the only radical products observed. Some exceptions to this rule are discussed. Radical products were characterized by their EPR parameters.


The secondary emission coefficient is a valuable parameter for numerical modeling of the discharge process in gaseous insulation. A theoretical model has been developed to consider the effects of the radial electric field, non-uniformity of the axial electric field, and radial diffusion of charged particles on the secondary emission coefficient. In the model, a modified breakdown criterion is employed to determine the effective secondary electron emission, γeff. Using the geometry factor gi which is introduced based on the effect of radial diffusion of charged particles on the fraction of ions which arrive at the cathode, the geometry-independent term of γeff (Δi) was obtained as a function of the energy of the incident ions on the cathode. The results show that Δi is approximately a unique function of the ion energy for the ratios of d/R = 39, 50, 77, 115, and 200. It means that the considered mechanisms in the model are responsible for the deviation from Paschen's law.


We are exploring an MLDD (Multi-Layered Design Diversity) architecture that applies natural design diversity to an application program layer, an operating system layer, and a hardware layer based on the TRON standardization project. We have devised a backward error recovery mechanism for the operating system layer, and to implement it, we have developed a mechanism that automatically exchanges diverse operating system implementations. The paper presents an error-check generation method for the operating system layer. In this method, which is called SBACCG (Specification-Based Adaptive Consistency Checks Generation), one set of consistency checks is derived from a formal specification, and the checks are adapted to each implementation. We experimentally evaluated the effectiveness of our backward error recovery mechanism that uses the error checks generated through SBACCG.<<ETX>>


'Sharing knowledge and experience': in traditional Africa, knowledge and experience are shared in the communion of communal performance. In the contemporary global dispensation, sharing knowledge becomes increasingly a literary and technological process, and experiencing knowledge increasingly virtual, other-distancing.
This book is presented as a biography of Kwabena Nketia, no doubt the most internationally-recognized pioneer-scholar in the field of African music. Nketia's life and career are presented in two parts. The first part, chapters 1 to 5, is a historical summation of Nketia's life as well as his professional and scholarly output. Part two, chapters 7 to 9, is the author's attempt to evaluate Nketia's contributions as a scholar and composer.


Two-dimensional nanocrystals and monolayer of transition metal dichalcogenides show fascinating changes in its properties such as transition from direct to the indirect bandgap material. Due to light interaction with these monolayers optical absorption is enhanced in visible range a lot. Here, we report the synthesis of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) nanocrystals through a time dependent sono-chemical liquid exfoliation method and its structural and optical analysis. The prepared nanocrystals of MoS2 have exhibited high crystalline quality with strong diffraction to the (002) plane at 14.44° in the X-ray diffractrogram. It was observed that the concentration of nanocrystals in the dispersion inclined by increasing the sonication time. The optical absorption study revealed an optical band gap of 1.84 eV.


A series vented explosion experiments in a 0.00814m~3 cylindrical vented vessel with central bottom ignition, were performed. The effects of different failure pressure, different vent area and different stoichiometric ratio of methane/air mixture on venting were investigated. The results show that there exists the typical rupture shock wave and the second explosion wave in the external flow field during venting. The value of the rupture shock wave declined all the time, and the value of second explosion wave rose to the maximum and then declined. The peak value of the second explosion rose with the increase of failure pressure, vent area and stoichiometric ratio of methane/air mixture respectively.


The design of multilayer directional couplers with septa is often done using the spectral domain technique. This consists in taking the Fourier transform of the boundary conditions and then expressing the charge distribution on the conductor, p/sub l/, and the septum, p/sub s/, as a function of G/sub ij/, the Green's function. The Galerkin optimization technique is then used to compute p/sub l/ and p/sub s/ as a summation of arbitrarily chosen basis functions. A proper choice of basis functions determines the precision and convergence of results. Presently, the choice of p/sub ln/ and p/sub sn/ is commonly done on an intuitive basis, which may result in imprecision of the impedance value. Since no technique has yet been developed for the optimization of p/sub ln/ and p/sub ls/, the authors compute explicitly the charge distribution value, using the finite-difference method. These results are used to develop precise design curves for the multilayer coupler with septa. The methodology can also be applied to other multilayer circuits.<<ETX>>


Purpose: To evaluate efficacy and safety of intravitreal injections of bevacizumab(avastin) in the treatment of macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Methods: Retrospective, consecutive case series. Study was done on 52 eyes of 52 patients. Outcome measures include: Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) by spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and complications. Results: BCVA improved by a mean of 3.2 lines from an initial mean BCVA: 0.1 (counting fingers: 1 m-0.3) to a mean BCVA 0.4 (0.05-0.8) over the follow-up period of 6.9 months (4-12 months). CMT was reduced from an initial mean of 613 (401-959 μ) to the mean of 400 μ (274-623 μ) at the end of the follow-up period. This was achieved through a mean number of injections: Four with a range (3-6 injections). Conclusion: IVB is an effective treatment for ME secondary to BRVO. There was a significant improvement of VA and significant reduction in macular thickness in many cases, but not in all cases.


We evaluated the added value of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) to CT in the evaluation of cystic‐cavitary lung lesions. We aimed to compare morphological parameters, including wall thickness and inner wall irregularity, and to determine whether DCE‐MRI with morphological and dynamic parameters was useful in indeterminate lesions. We also aimed to investigate the added value of DCE‐MRI in terms of whether to biopsy, and if so the site of biopsy.


The present invention provides novel use of the MK family that is used alone as an agent for proliferating hematopoietic Stem cells and hematopoietic precursor cells. The invention also provides an agent for remarkably enhancing the above described effect for promoting the proliferation of hemato poietic Stem cells and hematopoietic precursor cells, com prising the MK family in combination with known hematopoietic factors such as IL-3, IL-6, G-CSF, GM-CSF, M-CSF, SCF, and EPO.


Glucosinolates pattern of two cruciferous vegetables genus (Brassica and Armoracia) was estimated according to the data obtained by using high performance liquid chromatography of desulphoglucosinolates, assisted by UV-Diode Array and FL-detection. The peaks of desulphoglucosinolates in the vegetables samples analyzed were resolved and identified by the elution order and UV-spectra analyses. A profile of individual glucosinolates varied among the different genus as well as between the same genus and varieties. Glucosinolates found in borecole, cabbage, cauliflower, kale and kale sprouts were the mixture of aliphatic and indole glucosinolates with predominant content of 3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate, while horseradish contained about 90 % of allyl glucosinolate. This systematic approach was needed in order to estimate the glucosinolates pattern existing in various cruciferous vegetables, which are daily consumed by people of Croatia, and have different physiological effects on human beings. Namely, the glucosinolates consumption has been linked with antinutritive effects or with reduced risk of developing cancer, depending on glucosinolates composition and prevalence of hydrolysis products.


Video content is the basis for effective video management.As video is characterized by multi-modality and multi-level structure, this paper presents a 3-D model of video content.Furthermore,it proposes an open framework for video management,in which video data and the contents of video are stored and managed separately.The connection between video data and contents was maintained by an associating mechanism,through which multiple logical descriptions between video data and contents could be created.This framework is applicable to the management of different videos while users can search them with "multi-modal query" as well.


Income is the main goal in trading or transacting. Assigning income at other times in the production or service cycle may reflect a better recognition of activities in a period. While specifically the merchant's income is the income received on the number of goods sold multiplied by the price. This study aims to determine the income of accessories traders in Tana Toraja. The data used in this research is primary data using observation data collection techniques, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used is discourse analysis to obtain the income dimensions of accessory traders. The results of this study indicate that the income earned by accessories traders in Tana Toraja is based on the level of conditions that can change the people's standard of living. There are various responses and expectations expressed by accessories traders or the public who have different meanings so that conclusions are drawn using the Creswell setting, and the meaning process picks a premise that becomes a hypothesis and arrives at a conclusion. It was concluded that income is a source that is uncertain or not based on the level of conditions that can change the standard of living of the community. And income is an uncertain source and a definite source of consequence continuous activity.


In case you happen to be seeking to understand how to get Building a New South Africa eBooks, you need to go thorough study on well-known search engines with all the search phrases download Jean Gondo Tompihe PDF eBooks in order for you to only get PDF formatted books to download that are safer and virus-free you will find an array of sites catering to your requirements. Most of these web sites possess a huge collection of PDF eBooks which you are able to use to your advantage.


This study proposes detailed theoretical background and a comprehensive literature review on herding behavior in various financial markets. In recent times, there has been much interest in imparting ideas from social sciences in the economic and finance research. Behavioral finance is the application of psychology to financial behaviour and herd behaviour is one of its most interesting concepts. Herding in financial markets can be defined as mutual imitation leading to a convergence of action. In the behavioral finance literature, herding is often used to describe the correlation in trades resulting from interactions between investors. The paper find the contradictory results in different financial markets and suggest for the development of a methods that can be used across all the markets so that a greater uniformity could be obtained.


Chemical Engineering (ChE) is one of the engineering disciplines with the highest participation of women. This article describes theexperiences of Black and White women in chemical engineering programs that stand out because they attract and retain women athigher rates than peer institutions. We use a mixed-methods approach, quantitatively describing the trajectories of Black and Whitestudents at three Selected and seven Other institutions using data from a large, multi-institution dataset and qualitatively describingthe experiences of seven Black and nine White women through focus groups at those Selected institutions that were identified as''pockets of success'' for women through the quantitative findings. We find that Black and White students have better outcomes atSelected institutions than at Other institutions; they are more likely to graduate within six years and more likely to remain in ChE.We find through focus groups that women are attracted to their institutions and departments due to institutional reputation andidentify six reasons that these women stay in ChE at these institutions: Sisterhood, Real-World Experience, Real-World Examples,Faculty Caring, Sense of Accomplishment, and ''I Got This Far.'' We conclude that institutional reputation is a factor in studentschoosing the institution but that the elements of reputation are different at the Selected institutions. Persistence in ChE appears tobe most highly associated with relatedness. This can manifest through relatedness with other students, faculty who care, and thelarger professional community through real-world experiences and examples.


Objective:  This study used the population of the Central Valley of Costa Rica (CVCR) and phenotyping strategies alternative to DSMIV classifications to investigate the association of neuregulin 1 with schizophrenia.


The taxonomic revision of the genus Crinodendron utilizes several lines of evidence including herbarium and field studies, cytotaxonomy, and wood anatomy. Crinodendron comprises four species: C. patagua, C. tucumanum (including C. boliviensis), C. brasiliense, and C. hookerianum. Crinodendron hookerianum and its close relationship to Dubouzetia of the South Pacific is discussed. Dubouzetia is retained as an independent genus until the specific limits of that genus can be studied in full. Tricuspidaria is a synonym of Crinodendron. Crinodendron Molina is a genus comprising four completely allopatric species growing in central and southern Chile, northwestern Ar- gentina, central Bolivia, and southern Brazil (fig. 1), from sea level to 2800 meters in elevation.


Electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential method for the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The weak biomedical signal buried in all kinds of noise will result in the useful information lost or false information on the wavelet decomposition. According to the characteristics of ECG signal and wavelet transform, a discrete wavelet soft threshold denoise processing method is used to remove the interference of electrical power frequency, electromyography and baseline drift, and a favorable effect is obtained through the simulation.


Peter Herring, London Borough of Enfield's Deputy Librarian and Cultural Officer assures NLW that this is a true story of what happened to the new mobile library during its first week.


: This article focuses on methodological issues arising in a study of character development, using illustrations of ' sharing behaviours. ' Based primarily in six early years settings in southeast England the research records naturalistic observations of peer interactions for 55 children aged three to six years. Applying grounded theory to the processes of observing, analysing and interpreting evidence required a cautious and collectively re fl ective approach. The methodology sought to moderate the in fl uence of the researchers ' prior knowledge of ' grand theories ' of moral development and assumptions about relevance to the observation records. The study ' s originality lay in the exploration of moral development without reference to any particular grand theory as an explanatory framework; and in the reluctance to be drawn to potentially simplistic rationalisations of the children ' s intentions on the basis of their observed behaviours. Exploring young children ' s subjective experiences, this research provides insights into the intricacy of this process, steering away from ' neat ' fi ndings and attempting to re fl ect the sophistication of the children ' s skilful and sometimes surprising negotiations of moral dilemmas. Implications for practice relate to the complexities involved in attempts to unravel the developing moral characters of young children and the practice through which this may be nurtured.


Katuk leaves extract (Sauropusandrogynus L. Merr) is a medicinal plant that has been studied because it has many benefits. Katuk leaves in animal feed can be used in the form of meal and extract. The advantages of Katuk Leaves Extract (KLE) in the diet are easy to store, need in a relatively small amount and low fiber content. This experiment was conducted using one hundred fifty six female Japanese quails starting at 4 weeks old and raised uptill 10 weeks of age. The parameters observed were the content of cholesterol, fat, vitamin A and E in the meat, liver, and eggs. The treatments were control diet (R0); control diet with 0.15% KLE (R1) and control diet with 0.30% KLE (R2). The quails were divided into 3 treatment groups with 4 replications (13 quails in each replicate). The data of quail performances were analyzed by a completely randomized designed and further with Duncan's test if there were any significant differences in the treatments. The data of the cholesterol, fat, vitamin A and E inthe meat, liver, and eggs were analyzed descriptively. The advantages of giving KLE in quails' diet were decreased the content of cholesterol, fat in the liver and eggs, and increasedthe vitamin A and Econtentin the meat and eggs.


The conceptual framework of custom prescribed tillage (CPT) is used as a tool and an aid in developing tillage system concepts and in designing necessary implements. The prescribed tillage system presented for an adhesive clay soil in a specific location with a specific climate shows much promise; however, it needs further development and refinement before production use. The framework of the CPT concept is used rather qualitatively to obtain the solution to a management problem associated with a particular clay soil structure.


The concentration of dissolved Sr and its 87Sr/86Sr has been measured in the headwaters of the Krishna River System and west flowing Western Ghat rivers, all of which have their drainage almost entirely in the Deccan Traps. The Sr concentration follows that of Ca and Mg with Sr/Ca and Sr/Mg ratios similar to that of Deccan basalts, suggesting that all these alkaline earths are released to waters nearly congruently from the Deccan basalts during chemical weathering. The 87Sr/86Sr range from 0.70614 to 0.70986, within that reported for the Deccan basalts. The dissolved Sr flux from the Deccan calculated from the measured data is ∼1.35 × 108 moles yr−1, ∼0.4% of the global riverine flux, which is nearly the same as the proportion of area covered by Deccan basalts relative to the global drainage. The flux, however, is a factor of ∼3 lower than that reported for the Narmada‐Tapti‐Wainganga (NTW) rivers draining the northern Deccan. This difference in Sr flux among rivers draining the various regions of Deccan could be natural spatial/temporal variations and/or due to supply of Sr to NTW rivers from nonbasaltic sources. Model calculations on the role of emplacement and weathering of Deccan on marine Sr isotope evolution around KTB and late Tertiary show that Deccan basalts can be an important contributor to the decline in 87Sr/86Sr during these periods. It is shown that to account for the pre‐KTB dip in 87Sr/86Sr, the flux requirement from Deccan at that time would have to be several times the contemporary flux with 87Sr/86Sr of 0.705–0.708. Considering that the area of Deccan at KTB was about thrice the present area and that the weathering rate of Deccan basalts may have been much higher in early stages following eruption, such high fluxes at about KTB seem feasible. The disproportionately higher flux requirement for Sr is similar to that invoked to explain the pre‐KTB decrease in 187Os/188Os. The calculations also show that the supply of unradiogenic Sr from basalts can have significant control on the long‐term, ∼66 to ∼55 Ma, decline of marine 87Sr/86Sr.


This paper deals with the development of a handling-oriented stiffness control strategy using multichamber suspensions. Indeed, being this technology capable of stiffness variability, it is particularly indicated for improving the vehicle handling performance, here intended as the reduction of roll and pitch angles during maneuvers. The proposed strategy exploits the multichamber's inner features in order to enhance the performance: simulation results show improvements up to 12% compared to the best passive stiffness configuration, still preventing deterioration of the driving comfort.


A topologically chiral [2]catenane was synthesized and resolved by a diastereomer method. The [2]catenane consisted of a Cs symmetrical crown ether and a Cs symmetrical ammonium macrocycle was obta...


A new eudesmanolide has been isolated from Cadaba farinosa. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic studies including 2 D-NMR (J-resolved, COSY-45 and hetero COSY experiments).


The quadrate waveform generator has period of 8μs was failure analyzed after exposed in the shed under the environments of tropic seashore and inland industry climate. The primary factors are found, which lead the failure of military electro-parts in different climate.


We give the exact solution to the Ising model in the shortcut network in the 2D limit. The solution is found by mapping the model to the square lattice model with Brascamp and Kunz boundary conditions.


Indexation of record books is one of the most important tasks related to genealogical research. Proper selection of the form, as well as the use of the appropriate form of indexation are the basic activities before starting the creation of the database, which is its final result. Thanks to this, you can find information about your ancestors very quickly. Indexation is an extremely difficult and arduous work, and during it we can come across many pitfalls that may result in entering incorrect data. The development of indexation, as well as the often accompanying digitization, are extremely important activities aimed at preserving and protecting record books, as well as civil status books from destruction.


Digitalization and signal compression technologies have led to an explosive growth of new media products and services with the characteristics of mobility, connectivity, interactivity, and expanded choice. This study attempts to shed light on adoption patterns of new media technologies by focusing on interactive TV—a service launched in Hong Kong as the first of its kind in January 1998. Using a probability sample, a telephone survey was conducted in November 1997 to assess attitudes and other factors affecting subscription intention, the findings of which have important implications for advertising strategies in Cultural China.


Every year in the world, arterial hypertension is the cause of death in about 9 million cases. Blood pressure control in patients has not yet reached the appropriate level, and the percentage of resistant arterial hypertension remains high. According to the definition of the American Heart Association, those patients whose condition requires taking four or more drugs to control blood pressure should be considered resistant to treatment. It should be understood that uncontrolled hypertension is not synonymous with RAH. The presence of RAH significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, contributes to serious damage to target organs. Preliminary diagnosis of RAH definitely requires the exclusion of secondary hypertension, which is a rather heterogeneous group of diseases that is poorly recognized.
The goal of the work. To acquaint general practice - family medicine doctors with the algorithm of treatment of patients with resistant arterial hypertension at the ambulatory stage.
Treatment of patients with RAH should be carried out in stages, with increased therapy, using the most simplified scheme of taking drugs. Today, the combination of ACEI (perindopril), BCC (amlodipine) and diuretic (indapamide) is considered as the most optimal triple combination of antihypertensive drugs. Medicines containing three antihypertensive drugs in one tablet are offered precisely for RAH patients.
Conclusions. The implementation of the algorithm for the examination of patients with RAH, recommendations for changing their lifestyle and a step-by-step therapy plan allow improving the control of blood pressure. Treatment of patients with RAH should include optimization of dosages and the appointment of rational combinations of antihypertensive drugs in order to enhance synergistic effects. Optimization of pharmacotherapy by prescribing drugs with fixed combinations can improve control of drug administration. The fixed combination of amlodipine-indapamide-perindopril may have the important advantage of increasing treatment adherence due to the principle of "one pill per day".


ABSTRACT A new phosphorescent (CQ-BP)2Ir(acac), (CMQ-BP)2Ir(acac), (BQ-BP)2Ir(acac) was synthesized for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). OLEDs using phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes attract enormous attention because they allow highly efficient electro phosphorescence. The donor-acceptor type ligands for the Iridium(III) complexes were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction. The ligands through changes in oxidative addition materials (electron-acceptor) and organic borane (electron-donor) to get the red color were to study the appropriate Iridium(III) complexes. Oxidative addition materials were used such as 2-chloro-4-methylquinoline, 1-chloroisoquinoline and 2-bromoquinoline. 4-tert-Butylphenyl-boronic acid was used as organic borane. The dopant was synthesized by Nonoyama reaction. Red dopants were observed with an emission peak at approximately 600 nm. Iridium(III) complexes were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL). The phosphorescence emission maxima were dependent on the electron density of donor and acceptor moiety of the ligands.


The authors consider the application of a tactile image sensor in robotic applications like assembly. Different types of tactile image sensors are discussed as well as a preprocessing system for reducing the data rate to the robot controller. This unit transforms the tactile data into features for the robot controller. The features that are of interest to the controller can all be determined from the object contour. Algorithms for contour scanning and detection of vertices are developed. An algorithm that matches the database objects with the measured vertices is given. A requirement for these algorithms is that they have to be implementable in hardware. An overview of the controller hardware and the use of tactile image data in combination with algorithms for force control and active compliance is given.<<ETX>>


Prediction of cancer cells from lung image is such a difficult task for physicians and researchers. Direct observation from images may not give exact identification of nodules present in the lung image. Optimization technique may give a better solution for analyzing the variety of cells from the images and economically it is good way of approach. The MATLAB tool box is a sufficient tool for optimization. This paper gives a brief survey on performance of different classifiers for lung cancer analysis.


Production phase, utilization phase and recycling phase of a product. Realization and results; cumulated energy expenditure of aluminium castings manufactured by squeeze-casting, thixocasting und New Rheocasting; cumulated energy expenditure of the aluminium production; cumulated energy expenditure of the component manufacture; cumulated energy expenditure for utilization and disposal. Economy. Summary and outlook.


THE invitation of your Council to deliver the Wright Brothers Lecture in commemoration, on this occasion, of forty years' development in aviation is an honour of which I am deeply sensible. The responsibility of doing justice to it would be heavy at any time. The turn of the tide of our joint fortunes in this War makes it greater rather than less. For the burden of success, whether in war or in peace, is far greater than that of failure. But so also is the stimulus to our courage.


Abstract Of all known neurotransmitters, 5-HT is the one most frequently mentioned in the pathophysiology of migraine. This review focuses on the relationship between the efficacy of sumatriptan and other migraine agents and their effects on specific 5-HT receptors in rodent models. These agents are seen to have effects on vascular constriction and the release of vasoactive and inflammatory peptides from trigeminovascular sensory neurons. Specific subtypes of the 5-HT1 receptors appear to mediate these effects.


At the same time it must be admitted that the information given about the majority of these places is but small, and unfortunately it is just in regard to the little known places that the information given is most scanty, while those which are dealt with in greatest detail are those about which most people at liast know something. We have looked carefullythrough a considerable number of the articles, and, so far as regards places which are known to us, they seem up to date and free from error. The list of diseases and places where they are most effectu\lly treated is a thing with which some medical men will perhaps find fault. It might be better to substitute the word "commonly" for "effectually," but after all ihe effectiveness of baths and waters in any particular disease depends so much upon the appliances being properly arranged for the treatment of the disease in question that we do not feel inclined to quarrel even with this chapter, which seems the only one to which anyone will be likely to tike exception. As a reference book on the


This paper studied the extracting technology of lignin by microwave.The effects of the operating conditioins on the lignin yield were analyzed.The results showed that the lignin yield raised 23.35% under the optimal technological condition than that of non-microwave.The optimal extraction conditions were concluded as follows: microwave power 850 W,treatment time 30 s,volume fraction of ethanol 50%,ratio of solution to material 8∶1,catalyst amount 6% and heated for 1 hour.Therefore,extracting lignin by microwave was proved to be an efficient method.


This is an informal overview of the origins and history of the study of Alexander invariants in algebraic geometry. As I am neither a historian nor an archeologist of mathematics, I shall merely present my idea of major contributions in the subject..


In IPGG SB RAS prototypes of small-sized multipurpose IG-1MS and IG-1MP engineering hydrolocators (in a stationary and portable configurations) are developed and made. The devices designed for express monitoring of shallow reservoir pollution have passed State testing and are included into the All-Russian classifier of the Products. A modified circuit of monopulse location developed by IPGG SB RAS is used in the hydrolocators to ensure high spatial resolution. Small-sized hydrolocators being installed on auxiliary floating crafts -boats, motor boats, ferriesare designed for topographic investigation of water obstacles.


Cu3Sb1−xSnxS4 samples with 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0 were synthesized from pure elements by mechanical alloying combined with spark plasma sintering. The structural and electronic properties of these compounds were characterized by powder X-ray and neutron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), magnetic susceptibility and electrical and thermal transport measurements, and the experimental results compared against those calculated from hybrid density functional theory. A full solid solution is found between famatinite (Cu3SbS4) and kuramite (Cu3SnS4), with low x-value compositions in the Cu3Sb1−xSnxS4 system exhibiting the ordered famatinite structure and compositions above x = 0.7 showing progressive disorder on the cation sublattice. The semiconducting behaviour of Cu3SbS4 becomes increasingly more metallic and paramagnetic with increasing Sn content as holes are introduced into the system. Neutron diffraction data confirm that the sulfur stoichiometry is maintained, while XPS results show Cu remains in the monovalent oxidation state throughout, suggesting that hole carriers are delocalized in the metallic band structure. The order–disorder transition is discussed in terms of the defect chemistry and the propensity towards disorder in these compounds.


D. J. CROCKETT, Ph.D. University of British Columbia The development of language between the ages of 18 months and 5 years has been well documented (McNeill, 1970; Slobin, 1971 ). However, the 5-yearold lacks the language facility of an adult speaker. Beginning with Templin (1957), researchers (Anisfeld, Barlow, & Frail, 1968; Anisfeld & Gordon, 1968; Anisfeld & Tucker, 1967; Berko, 1958; Bruce, 1964; Menyuk, 1968) have convincingly demonstrated the changes which occur in the child's ability to identify and articulate language sounds after the age of 5. Studies (Loban, 1966; Menyuk, 1964; O'Donnell, Griffin, & Norris, 1967) have also demonstrated the steady development in syntactic form from age 5 to adolescence. Furthermore, experimenters have also shown that both hori-


The finance service is critical in the construction of e-government system. It needs to be established based on the CA security certificate, and it implements connections and system-platform independent data exchange with financial groups or agencies. This paper gives the multi-tier architecture of the finance service platform and functions, and its security design on the basis of credible Web services.


In this paper I hope to elucidate some considerations governing Aristotle's notion of place as developed in the Physics. It is, in fact, these considerations which betray the profound nature of Aristotle's thought with respect to this issue, even though his own solution to the problem of place is itself highly inadequate. Aristotle begins his discussion of place with the words, "For everyone supposes that things that are are somewhere, because what is not is nowhere-where, for instance, is a goatstag or a sphinx?"' This assertion is full of meaning, at once delimiting and channeling at the outset the direction of Aristotle's thoughts about place. A distinction is introduced in passing between that which can be thought, but which is not (such as a goat-stag or a sphinx) and that which is. That which is must be somewhere; being somewhere or having a place is thus a necessary precondition for our predicating objective (as opposed to merely ideal) reality to a thing. This condition thereby serves as a criterion through which to distinguish between objectively real and imaginary entities. This thought is not explicitly taken up again by Aristotle in his discussion of place, but it relates in important ways to the rest of the discussion; in fact, it serves as a presupposition through which Aristotle rejects both Platonic and Atomistic understandings of space. Aristotle's assertion is reminiscent of Plato's words in the Timaeus at 52b, "And there is a third nature, which is space and is eternal . . . which we, beholding as in a dream, say of all existence that it must of necessity be in some place and occupy a space, but that which is neither in heaven nor in earth has no existence."2 Hence, Aristotle's words are not only


here and are the subject of a dedicated chapter. Can the classroom be apolitical? This brings us back to Edward Said's work and the present day challenges of teaching literature and the Humanities (In some important ways, one point I took from the book was that the 'lessons' are also relevant in the current Higher Education climate in the UK); and questions we may have as to the status of work(s) that also underpinned colonial inequality and injustice. As the above will hopefully have indicated, this is a very broad ranging book, impeccably researched and referenced, and highly informative on colonial Algeria, francophone writers, and some challenges currently faced by all those working in the Humanities.


approved: Total US lumber production in 2011 was 77.9 million cubic meters. Its primary use was for housing and construction. There is a growing concern that the structural properties for wood are being reduced as trees are harvested at much younger ages as the wood supply shifts from older to younger forests. Goal of this study is to promote the inclusion of wood properties, density and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) in pre-harvest inventory of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Hitman ST-300, a non-destructive method based on acoustic velocity, was used to estimate MOE. Results from Pearson correlation showed a highly significant relationship between MOE with density (.405), acoustic velocity (.860) and DBH (-.327). A linear model was fitted to estimate MOE as function of acoustic velocity. Slope and intercept are significant for this model (p-value <.001) with an R 2 of .739. A second linear model was fitted including acoustic velocity and DBH as predictor variables. Slope and intercept are significant for this model (p-value <.001) with a R 2 of


FoCaLiZe is a development environment allowing the writing of specifications, implementations and correctness proofs. It generates both OCaml (executable) and Coq code (for verification needs). This paper extends the language and the compiler to handle termination proofs relying on well-founded relations or measures. We propose an approach where the user's burden is lighten as much as possible, leaving glue code to the compiler. Proofs are written in the usual way in FoCaLiZe, using the declarative proof language and the automatic theorem prover Zenon. When compiling to Coq we rely on the Coq construct Function.


A colored photosensitive resin composition is provided to ensure a good balance of sensitivity and solubility, and to be superior in sharpness of pixel edge and adhesiveness with a substrate. A colored photosensitive resin composition includes (A) a photopolymerizable compound, (B) a photopolymerization initiator, and (C) a colorant. The photopolymerizable compound(A) comprises a resin obtained by reacting a reaction product of an epoxy compound(a-1) and an unsaturated group-containing carboxylic acid(a-2) with a polybasic anhydride(a-3). The resin is a compound having a biphenyl skeleton.


The invention provides a floor and a paving structure thereof. The floor comprises two groups opposite edges. One group of the opposite edges is provided with locking structures, wherein the locking structure of one edge is a male tenon, and the locking structure of the other edge is a female groove. The other group of the opposite edges is provided with hasp structures, wherein the hasp structure of one edge is a male hasp, and the hasp structure of the other edge is a female hasp. The floor has the advantages that solid wood floors are spliced by the locking structures and the hasp structures, fixation by using glues or nails can be avoided, and convenient and firm assembling is achieved; the hasp structures which are simple in structure and simple to combine can be made into large size, the force among floors during thermal expansion and cold contraction can be well borne and transmitted, floor crack, warping and the like in a geothermic environment can be avoided, and the floor can well adapt to the geothermic environment.


Abstract A comparative case-study method grounded in phenomenology with the use of interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) demonstrated similarities and differences between two men's experiences with engaging in extramarital affairs who were married to women in either a monogamous or a non-monogamous union. Despite the difference in their marital arrangements, both men were unfaithful to their wives and demonstrated similar themes in their lives, which included religious obligations, communication conflicts, loss of connection in marriage, deception, sexual restriction, absent fathers, compartmentalization of sexual behavior, guilt, and addiction. Differences included how men created boundaries, emotional connections with affair partners, power differentials, and sexual experiences.


A compression means (2) on a spinning machine for compressing a fiber strand following in a pair of output rollers of a drafting condensing zone comprises a the fiber composite transporting through the compression zone circulating air-permeable transport belt (5). The compression zone is a, the conveyor belt (5) along a partial stretch of its circulation path leading the suction pipe (3) disposed with a in the suction pipe (3) suction slot and with a transport band (5) at a distance from the suction pipe (3) leading deflecting guide (4) assigned. Between the suction pipe (3) and the deflection guide (4) is arranged a spacer (10) having a first clearance surface (12), with which the deflection guide (4) held at a distance from the suction pipe (3), wherein the conveyor belt (5) is tensioned. The spacer (10) is held between the intake manifold (3) and deflection guide (4) movable to bring the first clearance surface (12) is disengaged and to be able to change the distance between the intake manifold (3) and deflection guide (4). A spacer of a compacting device (2) comprises at least a first, preferably also a second clearance surface (12, 13) and a pushing device (11, 21).


A s a student in the public schools of Utah, I—not surprisingly—thought very little about education governance and policy in my state. I grew up in Cottonwood Heights, near Salt Lake City, just a few minutes from two dramatic canyons. In the morning, the sun broke sharply over the mountains, and at night they blotted out a large section of the sky, rendering in sharp relief a jagged line of stars. Had you asked me, I would not have been able to define the role of a school board or even name our superintendent. When I became aware of attendance zones and school district boundaries, I understood them only vaguely and experienced them primarily as a way of structuring high school athletic competitions. I might have been able to name our governors, but certainly not their stances on education. I could have, and would have, told you plenty about wonderful, devoted teachers or an elementary school principal who softened his rebukes with a smile and a bowl of candy. I loved my schools, and I am grateful beyond measure for the opportunities they created, what they taught me about community, and how they cultivated me as a citizen and a scholar. Looking back, ten years into my career as a professor and researcher, I can see beyond my teachers, principals, homework, and field trips to recognize the significant impact of social and economic stratification on my experiences in school. My parents' educational backgrounds, relative economic security, and high level of involvement created cascading advantages, ensuring that I arrived at school ready to learn and was exposed to great teachers, placed in advanced classes whenever possible, able to participate in extracurricular activities, and supported when I encountered obstacles.


On Thursday and Friday, 27nd and 28th October 2016, the third semi-annual meeting of the US-German Project Agreement (PA) on "Advanced Technologies for Rotorcraft (ATR)" was held in Buckeburg, Germany. The purpose of the meeting was for reporting the status of the two technical tasks conducted under the PA, and for proposing future topics.


to reorganise their research and development agencies including the university sector of higher research. Given the importance of this subject, the Department of Theory and Research at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, organised a Symposium on Changing Trends in Science Policy: On the Theory and Practice of Science Policy from 23 to 25 November 1995, in association with the International Council for Science Policy Studies. It is our pleasure to include in this issue a select group of papers (under the theme Changing Trends in Science Policy) concerning the developing world presented at this symposium. On behalf of the Editorial Board we wish to express our sense of gratitude to the organisers of this symposium, particularly Merle Jacob and Professor Aant Elzinga, for accepting our invitation to prepare a special issue on the above theme for the journal. We also thank them for undertaking the task of Guest Editors for this section. Given the limitations of space and time, we were not able


Abstract Background: The diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common clinical issues that face medical practitioners. Myocardial ischemia can be noninvasively assessed with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), which has become an emerging modality. Objective: Determine the accuracy of dipyridamole stress CMRI by using stress and rest perfusion combined with delayed enhancement imaging for detecting CAD. Methods: Thirty-nine patients (24 men, 15 women; mean age 64±11.4 years) who had experienced prior myocardial infarction or had suspected CAD were enrolled. Dipyridamole stress CMRI with subsequent coronary angiography was performed within a mean time interval of 16 days (range: 1-30 days). The dipyridamole stress CMR protocol included stress and rest perfusion followed by delayed enhancement imaging. Per-vessel analysis was done according to 17-segment model recommendation by the American Heart Association. Results: Coronary angiography depicted significant coronary artery stenosis (>70% stenosis of major epicardial artery) in 26 patients (55 coronary arteries). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the combined stress and rest perfusion with delayed enhancement imaging for detection of significant coronary artery stenosis were 76-96%, 79-96%, 87-93%, 83-96%, and 85-95%, in left anterior descending, left circumflex, and right coronary arteries, respectively. Without delayed enhancement imaging, stress and rest perfusion produced slightly lower sensitivity (69-92%), specificity (73- 96%), positive predictive value (79-93%), negative predictive value (80-92%), and accuracy (79-92%). Conclusion: Dipyridamole stress CMRI combined with delayed enhancement imaging yielded high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of coronary artery disease. This modality allows the clinical application for detection of CAD in selected group of patients.


A method for reducing the metal oxide content of a particulate ore to the metallic state, the ore having a particle size such that at least about 85% thereof will pass through a 200 mesh screen. The particles are entrained within a turbulent stream of reducing gas for the metal oxide for a time and at a temperature sufficient for the reducing gas to react with and reduce the ore to a finely divided metal to at least partially oxidize the reducing gas. The turbulence imparts to the particles sufficient kinetic energy to prevent agglomeration thereof.


With the continuous popularization of computer and other information technologies, computer-aided teaching has become one of the effective teaching methods for all ages, which has positive practical significance for English education in China. Compared with traditional teaching methods, computer-aided teaching has the advantages of stimulating students' interest in learning, creating a learning atmosphere and improving classroom efficiency. This paper first briefly introduces the basic concepts of computer-aided English teaching, then expounds the problems in computer-aided English teaching, and finally puts forward some techniques and strategies for computer-aided English teaching.


Summary Using an isolated perfused dog lung system, studies were carried out to ascertain the role of plasma factors in the increase in alveolocapillary permeability induced by the administration of endotoxin. Heat treatment of dog serum (56° for 30 min) abolished the capacity of endotoxin to induce permeability increase. In contrast, serum treated with potassium thio-cyanate to inactivate the complement components C3, C4, and C5 did allow the increase in endotoxin-induced permeability, as did a 5.8% solution of human serum albumin and a 6% dextran solution. Pretreatment with a massive dose of hydrocortisone sodium succinate decreased, but did not abolish, the endotoxin-induced permeability increase in albumin-perfused lung. The studies suggest that endotoxin may affect the alveolocapillary membrane directly, by a process which is independent of the complement system. Heat treatment of serum impairs the endotoxin effect due to a mechanism other than complement inactivation.


The article presents data on the mechanism of action of sulfasalazine and 5-ASA preparations. The latest meta-analysis and polish and ECCO recommendations for the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis are also included.


INTRODUCTION When a potato tuber is cut into slices, the oxygen uptake of the slices increases gradually. In previous paper regarding this phenomenon1,2), it was reported as follows: 1) The increased oxygen uptake is caused by tyrosinase. 2) The oxygen uptake of tyrosinasedioxyphenylalanine system is suppressed by the presence of dehydrogenase system linked to DPN in vitro. 3) The dehydrogenase activity of the slices linked to DPN decreases but the activity linked to TPN increases in the lapse of time after cutting into slices. The change of carbon path related to these changes of enzyme activities, is studied in this report. METHODS AND MATERIALS 1) Phopshatase. The phosphatase was obtained as a crude preparation from sweet potato juice by fractionation with acetone and ammonium sulfate according to Watanabe3). 2) Hexokinase. The enzyme was obtained as a crude preparation from a baker's yeast extract by fractionation with ethanol according to Kunitz and McDonald4). 3) Glucose-1-C14 was purchased from Daiichi Pure Chemicals Co., Japan. 4) ATP (adenosine triphosphate). It was purchased from Nutritional Biochemicals Corporation U. S. A. 5) Other chemical materials were described in the previous report3). 6) Preparation of soluble part of potato juice. After a potato tuber was cut into slices, the slices


The present invention provides an elevator door device which can prevent door dropping through a prior-art threshold without replacing a threshold at an elevator hall side in reconstruction and maintenance. The door device of elevator hall comprises the following components: a sliding type door (1); a threshold (2) which is provided with a guiding groove (2-1) at a lower edge of the door in a length direction; a guiding boot (13) which is equipped to a lower end of the door (1) and is guided by the guiding groove (2-1); and a plate-shaped anti-dropping component (3) which is composed of the elements of: a holding part (5) which has one end that is fixed to the lower end of the door and the other end that extends in a vertical direction, and an L-shaped bent part which is connected with the holding part (5) and is inserted into the guiding groove. The L-shaped bent part of the plate-shaped anti-dropping component is composed of a first edge which is connected with the holding part, and a second edge which comprises a front part. The first edge is obliquely connected relatively to the holding part (5), and the length of the second edge is larger than the width of the guiding groove.


This paper analyses and traces the causes of the errors made by the Norwegian students in their Chinese composition.It concludes that the Norwegian students face their own difficulties in learning Chinese,and the teachers should adopt suitable approaches according to the actual situation.


Agroecosystems are systems managed by man for food production, in the past centuries these systems were changed by the green revolution causing great damage, by changing the structure and form of the traditional handling process (conservation of natural vegetation edge, heterogeneous landscapes and lower costs in its production), turning it into homogeneous systems, monoculture, with higher maintenance costs, as well as reducing the fauna. The main objective of this work is to determine the different assemblies of rodents in agroecosystems in the Valley of Libres-Oriental Puebla (Mexico). The field work was carried out in five different sites (traditional agriculture "active and inactive", irrigation agriculture, "active and inactive" and natural vegetation). There were 126 individuals found, the most representative in the frequency of occurrence of the species P. maniculatus, presented different assemblages in agro-ecosystems and in the natural vegetation, which is why the gradient of agricultural intensification is not important, on the other hand human intervention is important because this provides benefits for its distribution and permanence in man-made habitats. While, the species with less abundance was the M. mexicanus with 1%. In the statistical analysis it was observed there was no significant difference only within the sampling seasons (dry and wet), except with the species L. Irr (U = 33; Z = 2.6231; p = 0.008). Our results support the hypothesis that traditional agricultural systems are important for maintaining the diversity of mammals in processed ecosystems because composition is very similar to the natural vegetation.


The insect resistances and evaluations on important agronomic and economic characters of 6 Bt-transgenic sugarcane lines,such as Y2,Y3,Y4,T1,T2 and T3,were studied both in the field and room.The results showed that the insect resistances of these Bt-transgenic sugarcane lines in the field were similar to those in the room,and the Bt gene expression was stable.All of these tested lines had stronger insect-resistance than their wild types,in which Y4 and T2 lines were the strongest and T3 line was the weakest.The cane yield and sugar content in Y3,Y4 and T3 lines were similar to those in their relative original lines,but the sucrose content of these transgenic lines was lower than that in original lines.In addition,although T2 line had higher sucrose content than original line 'ROC16',its main agronomic traits were worse with low cane yield and sugar content.


Allah Almighty not only created man but bestowed him with divine book of rights and responsibilities also; hence, have made him authoritative. However, unlike the rest of the creatures, mankind has been declared the noblest of all the races; and hence, are accountable in the hereafter for their deeds in mortal world. Islam clearly defines the rules and regulations that encompass every aspect of life. Allah has bestowed man with the right of ownership on things he created. Likewise the prevalent system of capitalist economics, Islam reveres the rights and status of an individual, even considers individual's ownership and authority seminal in all aspects of its jurisdiction. In the same coin, Islam expects individuals to respect the others' ownership on things Allah has granted. This is what makes man distinctive from the rest of the universe that he follows His word and is technically considered as His second.


The parameters matching for drive system are carried out with a towbarless aircraft tractor driven by in-wheel motor. Two representative simulation software of EV (Electric Vehicle) are analysed and compared. The simulation models for drive system of target towbarless aircraft tractor driven by in-wheel motor, main including: vehicle module, wheel module, motor module, battery module and engine module, are designed according to the actual working conditions based on the ADVISOR. Simulation results show that the matched parameters greatly meet the drive targets in the cycle which is established according to the actual working conditions. It lays the foundation and provides technical support for subsequent research and development.


Infants and children with positive PCR test results have been forcefully separated from their parents—unless their parent(s) also test positive and can therefore accompany them to a quarantine facility. On 29 March 2022, a headless robotic dog, carrying an electronic loudspeaker on its back that broadcast a pre-recorded message, walked along an empty, sunny street inside a residential compound in Shanghai (Figures 1 and 2). The app specialises in promoting podcasts (播客) and fostering podcast communities, distinguishing itself from other audio apps such as Ximalaya.FM, which feature a wide variety of audio programs such as audio books, music, comic dialogues, and news briefs (McHugh 2022: 223–25;Xu and Morris 2021). [...]a sound diary contains many elements that are hard to communicate in a written form, such as changes in pitch and volume, laughter, background music, ambient sounds, and even equipment noises from phones or recorders—all of which are open to the aural and affective perceptions of podcasters and listeners.


Failure of southwest monsoon rainfall during 2002 highlighted again the need for examining the impact of intense low pressure systems (Tropical depression and above) over North West Pacific (NWP) on Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) with a longer series of data. Month wise tracks of NWP intense low pressure systems, located west of 140°east from June to September for 38 years from 1963 have been considered. These include 27 All India normal/excess and 11 deficient monsoon years. These data have been analyzed with All India monsoon rainfall (AIMR) of the same years. It has been observed that NWP systems located west of 120°east and AIMR are positively correlated with correlation coefficient (CC) of +0.368. When an NWP system is located west of 120°east and a low pressure area (LPA) is observed over the Bay, monsoon depression (MD) forms over the Bay, otherwise an LPA forms over the Bay. Under these conditions east-west trough is seen up to 500 hPa and it continues up to the NWP system. The situation enhances the rainfall activity over India. It has been also observed that excess cyclone genesis over Northwest Pacific during summer monsoon is not the cause of monsoon failure over the country. Correlation coefficient (CC), computed between AIMR and total number of systems that crossed 30° north, are negatively correlated (-0.438). Both types of correlation coefficients suggest that NWP systems influence ISMR in both ways but they can not alter normal/ excess monsoon conditions into deficient monsoon conditions and vice versa.


Purpose/Objectives(s) : Women with biologically favorable early stage breast cancer are increasingly treated with accelerated partial breast techniques. However, many alternative techniques require costly specialized equipment not routinely available in most radiation oncology facilities. In addition, suboptimal cosmetic outcomes have been reported with the external beam technique, possibly related to large post-operative treatment volumes. To address these issues, we designed a phase I dose-escalation protocol to determine the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of a single radiosurgery treatment delivered preoperatively to the intact tumor plus a small margin. Materials/Methods: Women aged 55 or older with clinically node negative, ER and/or PR+, HER2-, T1 invasive carcinomas were enrolled (n = 26). Patients with low/intermediate grade in situ disease Tumor tissue was obtained from diagnostic and lumpectomy specimens. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for Fas was performed on paraffin-embedded samples before and after radiation. A histoscore was created using the average membrane and cytoplasmic staining intensity multiplied by the percentage of positive cells. Results: Thirty-two women were treated, 8 each at the 15, 18, and 21Gy dose levels with an additional expansion cohort at the final 21Gy dose level. The maximally tolerated dose was not reached. Three patients required post-operative conventional radiation due to high-risk tumor features (ex. larger primary, nodal involvement). At a median follow-up of 6.8 months, primarily mild toxicities (grade 1-2 dermatitis, fibrosis, and pain) were noted. At 6 months (n = 20), all reported cosmetic outcomes are excellent or good. At 12 months (n = 10), 80% are excellent or good. Both patients with a fair/poor cosmetic outcome received radiosurgery plus post-operative conventional treatment; one experienced grade 3 breast atrophy. There have been no local or distant recurrences to date. Post-treatment MRIs were obtained in 20/32 patients, with early indicators of decreased cell density and increased vascular permeability. Sixteen patients had evaluable paired IHC and six demonstrated significant Fas up-regulation after radiation. The mean combined post-treatment histoscore was about twice as high as the mean pre-treatment score. Conclusion: Preoperative stereotactic radiotherapy to the intact breast tumor can be delivered with widely available clinical tools in a convenient single fraction, and provides a unique opportunity to study breast cancer radiation response. 21Gy did not yield dose-limiting toxicity and will be utilized for future studies. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-14-04.