Supervision in school often discussed about the negative opinion of teachers because misunderstanding about the process and the concept of supervision. Thus, this descriptive study was conducted through a questionnaire survey on three schools in the Zone City Muar Johor. The purpose of this study is to identify the teachers' opinions towards supervision of instruction that has been implemented at schools, identify the practice of supervision of instruction carried out at school, identify whether there is a difference teachers' opinion towards supervision of instruction based on demographic factors (gender, race and experience teaching), identify whether there is a difference practice of supervision of instruction based on demographic factors (gender, race and experience teaching) and determine whether there is a significant relationship between opinion for the supervision of instruction with practice of supervision of instruction. The study sample involved 120 teachers from schools in SJK (C) Zone City Muar Johor. Questionnaires modified from previous studies were used as an instrument. The data were analyzed using SPSS and the results of the analysis were reported in the form of descriptive statistics. The reliability of the instrument using Cronbach Alpha was 0.644 for part B and 0.797 for part C. The results showed that teachers had a positive opinion for the supervision of instruction and practice of supervision of instruction was at a high level, the study showed no difference of opinion about the supervision of instruction based on gender and race, and found a difference of opinion about the supervision of instruction based on experience teaching. The findings showed there was no significant difference in teachers' opinions about practice of supervision of instruction based on gender, race and experience teaching. Finally, this study proves that there was a positive and strong relationship between the opinion for the supervision of instruction with practice of supervision of instruction.


In this paper, we give a proof of the DDVV conjecture which is a pointwise inequality involving the scalar curvature, the normal scalar curvature and the mean curvature on a submanifold of a real space form. Furthermore we solved the problem of its equality case.


After a brief description of the basic functions and characteristics of Lucence,the advantages and disadvantages of Lucence and other general databases were analyzed.A Lucence-based medical literature retrieval system was designed with Lucence as its bottom layer retrieval interface combined with databases concerning the application of medical literature retrieval system.The key techniques used in developing this system,especially the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese standard analyzer techniques,were discussed.


Based on Ontario cremation data, there has been a 12.8% increase in the number of deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the expected numbers of deaths informed by previous years' cremation data. The causes of these excess deaths include infection with SARS-CoV-2, as well as causes likely related to the pandemic but not due to COVID-19 itself.


Among those who have contributed to the development of Infinitesimal Geometry, Sophus Lie is distinguished by several important discoveries which place him in the first rank. He was not one of those who showed from childhood a very marked aptitude, and when he was leaving the University of Christiania in 1865, he was still hesitating between Philology and Mathematics. It was Plücker's works which made him fully conscious for the first time of his vocation. He published, in 1869, his first paper on the interpretation of imaginaries in Geometry, and by 1970 he was in possession of the ideas which guided the whole of his career.


This thesis is confidential until 16th July 2020. A Doctoral Thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Joint Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University and Nanyang Technological University.


Isoreliable and minimum expected cost design spectra are derived in the paper, and their respective significance for the assessment of the structure's safety under seismic threat is discussed. The structural model used is a sdof non linear hysteretic oscillator, with stiffness- degrading properties, while the seismic action is modeled by means of a non stationary random process with peak ground acceleration as intensity parameter. The random quantities considered include the yield strength and the natural period of the model, the ground motion and its peak acceleration, and the values of the response variable defining the thresholds of the various limit states considered. The probabilities of attaining different response levels have been calculated by using a beta- index method in which the actual distribution of each variable is considered. Isoreliable design spectra giving a constant probability for the first attainment of different limit states are produced. Using poisson assumption, the total expected cost due to future monetary losses and to parametrically valued so called "intangibles" is calculated and, through a minimization procedure, a minimum expected cost design spectrum is produced. The reliability implied in this latter spectrum is finally assessed (a).


This paper investigates the recovery capability in the distribution control of the multiple robots which may be broken through the simulation of space solar power satellite assembly with changing its scale. For this purpose, we conduct simulations with changing the failure rate of robots that employ our proposed deadlock avoidance method. Through the intensive simulations, we have revealed that (1) the recovery capability of our proposed method is revealed because the upward tendency of our method as increasing of number of robots and (2) the tendency changes when the ratio of broken robots is under 30%, which does not depend on the scale of the SSPS or the number of robots. From these findings, the recovery capability of our method is high without depending on the scale of SSPS so that the cooperation between robots works well in the robots broken case.


such as the Early and Middle Woodland periods. Readers with little background in archaeology will appreciate basic descriptions and definitions of terms for stone toolmaking, ceramic manufacture, and other technological processes. Those unfamiliar with the geography and environmental conditions of the Southeast are supplied with ample background information. The author and publication staff deserve special commendation for a generous combination of maps, chronological charts, photographs and drawings of sites and artifacts, and artists' reconstructions. Students will not feel burdened excessively by the pros and cons of competing explanations for any given phenomenon, but professionals might find some scenarios overly simplified. Environmental causation looms large in several stages. There seems to be no doubt that prehistoric southeastern societies can be sorted into groups known as bands, tribes, and chiefdoms. The dynamics of Mississippian religion and politics are described with more assurance than usual. Although occasional, arguably overconfident, inferences might be problematic for some of us, they should engage students and other beginning readers in archaeology and provide teachers with grist for the discussion mill.


Flight simulators are training marvels, but whatever lessons they impart at an aircraft's performance periphery are best left unlearned because they're likely to be wrong.


In this paper,interference item was introduced in the risk model of compound Poisson process.Adjustment coefficient and the formula of the ruin probability were derived.By the case,the relationship between the ruin probability and the initial capital of the medical insurance risk model of migrant works was discussed.


Objective To observe the clinical efficacy on toothache treated with self-prepared dahuang jili xixin decoction combined with acupuncture and moxibustion.Methods 136 cases were randomized into control group and treatment group,68 cases in each one.In control group,metronidazole and ibuprofen were adopted.In treatment group,self-prepared dahuang jili xixin decoction combined with acupuncture and moxibustion were used,the treatment of 3 days made 1 session.Results The total effective rate was 55.89% in control group and was 91.18% in treatment group after treatment,indicating statistical significant difference in comparison(P0.01).In comparison of the effect-time of analgesia between two group,the result in treatment group was superior apparently to control group,indicating statistical significant difference(P0.05).There was no statistical significant difference in persistent time of analgesia between two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Self-prepared dahuang jili xixin decoction combined with acupuncture and moxibustion can not only alleviate the clinical symptoms of toothache effectively and promptly,but also reduce the frequency of treatment.Hence,the therapy deserves to be promoted in clinical practice.


Mutations of the cytosolic protein nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐containing protein 2 (NOD2), which detects the synthetic bacterial cell wall fragment muramyl dipeptide (MDP), are implicated in making individuals more susceptible to Crohn's disease (CD). However, the mode by which these mutations affect the pathogenesis of this disease is not fully understood. Interestingly, studies suggest NOD2 positively and negatively regulates the expression of toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and the consequent production of inflammatory molecules upon activation. Like NOD2, TLRs can detect bacterial fragments and produce an inflammatory response via the NF‐kB pathway, though through distinct mechanisms. Stabilizing the NOD2 Crohn's mutants through protein‐ligand binding can be a potential therapeutic target for CD. A library of MDP derivatives with altering functionality at the 2‐amino position were synthesized in order to investigate the stabilization imparted to NOD2 upon binding. A simplified 7‐step synthetic route to prepare 2‐amino MDP and subsequent functionalization of the molecule with mild NHS coupling or acetylating conditions is utilized. Compounds are then tested for stabilization with the cellular thermal shift assay (CESTA). In this cell‐based assay, binding of a ligand to a protein stabilizes a protein and protects it against thermal degradation at increased temperatures, resulting in a thermal shift (ΔTm) when compared to the unbound protein. The activation of the NF‐kB pathway by these molecules is tested concurrently, using a luciferase reporter assay to determine if changes in functionalization also yield a modulated immune response.


The young female voice is routinely denied authority: cliches of girls as frivolous, silly, and deserving of contempt prevail in mainstream popular imagery. Yet popular music is widely understood as an important vehicle for allowing girls and women to "speak out" or "make their voices heard." This roundtable will explore the relationship between girlhood and voice in popular music. Drawing on their contributions to a new anthology of essays, Voicing Girlhood in Popular Music: Music, Performance, and Activism, the participants will address contexts as diverse as golden-age Hollywood musicals, early 21st century tween pop, and contemporary hip-hop twerking videos.


Increasingly, aquatic ecosystems are being impacted by the way these resources are being used and managed. Large population clusters in cities, agriculture and the expansion of the industrial sector increase the concentration of xenobiotic compounds in these ecosystems. Thus, the use of tests to analyze and monitor the environmental impacts occurred in these environments became necessary. The objective of this study was to evaluate, through physicochemical variables, the water contamination gradient of the Capibaribe River in order to identify water quality and possible anthropic action. Additionally, the genotoxic action of xenobiotic compounds in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) populations was verified. To this end, semi-annual water and specimens (15) of O. niloticus were collected during 2015, 2016 and 2017 at seven strategic points of the Capibaribe River, in addition to three supply dams and a water treatment plant (ETA). For physical and chemical analysis the following parameters were investigated: Temperature (Co), Turbidity (NTU), Conductivity (μS / cm), Total Dissolved Solids (mg / L), pH and Dissolved Oxygen (mg / L), besides metals. : Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn). For genotoxic and mutagenic analyzes were used the comet assay and the micronucleus test, respectively; in addition to the monthly rainfall provided by the Pernambuco Water and Climate Agency APAC. The data show that the waters of the investigated environment are impacted at different levels of contamination, presenting physicochemical values above those established by the National Environment Council CONAMA (Resolution No. 357/2005). High rates and frequencies of DNA damage (micro and macro lesions) were detected in relation to control samples in all periods and places investigated. However, the most significant occurred in environments where metal concentrations were higher, indicating genotoxic effects of these compounds. The greatest influence of the environmental impact caused on this ecosystem occurs in environments that receive waste from textile companies, urban sewers and agriculture, which presented a more significant pollution load and consequently a lower capacity to maintain aquatic life. This information may serve as a basis for decision making by regional environmental agencies responsible for water resources management, as the results can help to draw a conservation profile and thus generate improvements to rescue the water quality and life of the Capibaribe River.


Anterior uveitis is a painful, inflammatory disorder that is one of the most frequently observed ocular diseases in dogs. Intrinsic ocular abnormalities and multiple systemic diseases can trigger its development. Establishing the etiology is essential because inappropriate therapy may result in loss of vision. Appropriate therapy can be curative but sometimes is, at best, long term and palliative. Complications are common.


THE PURCHASE of Alaska in 1867 signified a marked departure in the expansionist policies of the United States. It presented problems of territorial government never before faced by the nation. The adverse climate, the primitive conditions of life, the hugeness of the land mass, the sparseness of its population, as well as its separation from the United States proper, were but a few of the problems which confronted the American government in attempting to administer this territory.' These problems, however, were relatively insignificant compared to the reluctance of the United States to take any positive action in governing the area, an attitude in contradiction to the one expressed in acquiring Alaska. In the treaty of cession of 1867, the United States government promised that the inhabitants of that territory


Former attorney general John Ashcroft has asked the US Supreme Court to block Oregon's assisted suicide law, known as the Death with Dignity Act. It was Mr Ashcroft's final move before his recent resignation and is the latest move in a three year battle between the state of Oregon and the federal Justice Department ( BMJ 2004;328:1337).

The act was approved by the state of Oregon in 1994 and reaffirmed in 1997. Oregon is the only state that allows assisted suicide by doctors, by administration of a lethal dose …


A new laboratory was tried out for a first course in physics, the subject matter being entirely Newtonian mechanics with calculus. The aim was to teach experimental methods from design of the experiment to final report, as well as to communicate some basic physical ideas. The use of experiments to discriminate between rival theories was emphasized. A high standard of maturity was expected. Except for one section, teaching assistants handled the instruction. The laboratory was successful in most of its aims and got moderately favorable reactions from the students.


Some network protocols tie application state to underlying TCP connections, leading to unacceptable service outages when an endpoint loses TCP state during fail-over or migration. For example, BGP ties forwarding tables to its control plane connections so that the failure of a BGP endpoint can lead to widespread routing disruption, even if it recovers all of its state but what was encapsulated by its TCP implementation. Although techniques exist for recovering TCP state transparently, they make assumptions that do not hold for applications such as BGP. We introduce application-driven TCP recovery, a technique that separates application recovery from TCP recovery. We evaluate our prototype, TCPR, and show that it outperforms existing BGP recovery techniques.


Objective To investigate the effect of triptolide (TPL) on proliferation of human choroidal melanoma cell line OCM-1, and analyze the mechanism of apoptosis induction. Methods OCM-1 cells were divided into control and experimental groups. 20μl TPL (final concentration was 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 nmol/L respectively) was used for experimental group, and an equal volume of serum-free RPMI 1640 medium for the control group. The culture time was 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. The effect of TPL on OCM-1 cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. The morphological change of apoptotic cells was observed by Switzerland-Giemsa staining. The expressions of TPL-induced OCM-1 apoptosis-associated proteins Bcl-2, Bax, survivin and caspase-3 were determined by Western blotting. Results TPL suppressed OCM-1 cell proliferation, at 48 and 72h, and IC50 concentration was 56.14±6.72 and 15.57±4.28 nmol/L respectively. After OCM-1 cells were cultured with TPL, apoptotic bodies were observed with Switzerland-Giemsa staining and subdiploid apoptotic peaks by flow cytometry. The expression of protein Bax was up-regulated (P<0.01), while Bcl-2 and survivin down-regulated (P<0.01), and caspase-3 was activated during apoptosis induced by TPL. Conclusion TPL could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human choroidal melanoma cell line OCM-1, and the proteins survivin, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 play an important role in the induction of OCM-1 apoptosis.

 DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2015.02.06


Saturday, June 14, [1862]. We found our new buffalo robes to be splendid to spread down on the ground in the tent to make our beds on, for the ground here is quite damp. Still cloudy this morning. Pretty soon after starting, we commenced to travel over and among the Black Hills. We left the river entirely. We had a very steep hill to descend and the men had to lock the wagons, i.e., with the regular brake-lock and with a log chain. We were all afraid to ride down, so we got out and walked. Near here one of the men in the train missed a cow belonging to him, so three men went back horseback to look for it. We can see Laramie Peak, though it is twenty-five miles or more away. We stopped for dinner near the river where there were many wild roses. It rained very hard while we stopped. After awhile those three men came up with the cow which they found back near where we had started from this morning, with a new born calf. They had to kill the calf as it could not travel and they did not wish to leave it to starve. Poor "Manda," the mother. It sprinkled occasionally all afternoon. We traveled over hilly and broken country and finally camped for the night on the side of a hill. There are plenty of pine and cedar trees growing near by, so we have no scarcity of fire wood. We get our water from a creek.1


This study is part of a cualitative research in San Cristobal de Las Casas, in Chiapas, Mexico. Mestizo women, that were born in San Cristobal and other mexican imigrants who live in that city, were interviewed about of their power relationships. The expectative of marriage, the emotional dependence and submission to avoid violence, are some of the reasons to have non consensual sexual relationships with difficulties to negotiate contraception leading to an unintended pregnancy.


Recreational therapists who have developed a level of understanding and awareness of other cultural norms, specifically East Asian cultural norms, will be better prepared to accurately interpret assessment results, to establish a treatment plan, and to implement the therapeutic recreation process within a recreational therapy setting. These therapists are more likely to provide effective healthcare services which will enhance the quality their clients' lives. In addition, the development of assessment processes that take into consideration the therapist's own cultural identity as well as the patient's cultural orientation, primary language, level of acculturation, acculturation stress, level of functioning, family relationships, support systems and concepts, and definitions of health, disease, healthcare utilization, and healing are necessary to foster successful therapeutic relationships and recreational interventions with East Asian clients.


Based on the perspective that many college students are infatuated in net chat ,net games, and net lovers etc ., through analyzing the psychological problems and the corresponding results of web fans ,this paper probes into the solutions .


Abstract:The question of what role civil institutions play in democratic life in the United States weaves through the entire work of historian Olivier Zunz. In honor of his long career, this special issue engages with Zunz's contributions to our understanding of this crucial feature of American social and political history, its five essays tackling his insights in original ways and opening new directions for research. To open this issue, the introduction links Zunz's scholarship to Alexis de Tocqueville's thoughts on democracy and the role of voluntary associations, retraces Zunz's engagement with Tocqueville's work, and ponders the relevance and limits of this theme when analyzing the United States today.


Project contractors need to consider their own conditions as well as the factors related to owners,project,competitors,etc.when make investment and decisions on construction projects.Analysis on various risk factors is also necessary.Considering the low level of informationization in the current domestic construction market and the difficulties in getting sufficient historical data,after reading plenty of the relevant literature both at home and abroad,the author in this paper proposes a fuzzy risk assessment method of tender based on credibility theory and also provides the calculation steps in detail.The feasibility and practicability of the method are also verified through examples in the final part of the paper.


The invention discloses an intelligent detection and rejection automatic and integrated packaging system for capsules. The intelligent detection and rejection automatic and integrated packaging system is characterized by comprising a PVC loading winding drum (1), a PVC conveying mechanism (2), a PVC preheating mechanism (3), a forming mechanism (4), a feeding mechanism (6), a photographing detection device (7), an aluminum foil conveying mechanism (8), a thermal sealing mechanism (9), a plate pressing mechanism (10), a blanking mechanism (13) and a scrap culling mechanism (14). The intelligent detection and rejection automatic and integrated packaging system for the capsules can finish the complete technical steps of PVC feeding, preheating, forming, aluminum foil feeding, photographing detection, thermal sealing, plate pressing, batch number printing and scrap culling in one time, and can also replace workers and realize automatic integrated production.


change to be deemed acceptable under the criteria of a benefit cost analysis, yet a reverse social change back to the original condition may appear equally desirable. Although this raises some interesting theoretical questions, as a practical matter well-done benefit-cost analysis applying the Kaldor-Hicks criterion can provide ample justification for social programs, if an attempt is made to balance income distributional


There are some problems such as high maintenance cost, poor accuracy in smart meters on-site verification. This paper presents a remote evaluation method for the measurement error of large-scale smart meters considering environmental factors. The measurement error model of smart meter considering temperature and humidity factor is established. By calculating the fluctuation percentage of measurement error, the operation error of smart meter in the station area is inferred. Based on the analysis of actual examples, the results show that the method can effectively evaluate the measurement error of smart meters in large-scale stations and improve the accuracy and speed of judgment.


Infantile hemangiomas are the most common type of vascular anomalies in children, occurring shortly after birth in about 5% of Caucasian infants [1], with more females affected than males. Many hemangiomas are well-circumscribed single lesions, but some are segmental and diffuse, often involving large areas of the extremities or the head and neck. Increased incidence of hemangiomas has been observed in preterm babies, and the vast majority of hemangiomas occur sporadically without a hereditary component. Infantile hemangiomas have a distinctive proliferative phase characterized by a rapid proliferation of capillaries within the first year of life, followed by an involuting phase characterized by spontaneous regression of the lesion with gradual replacement of vascular tissue with fibrofatty tissue [1].


For eight years I was associated with one of the most quixotic efforts in academic publishing—a journal concerned comprehensively with research about an area of the world. I must admit that when the Latin American Research Review (LARR) was about to move to Chapel Hill, I thought the original idea that had given birth to the journal had lost its vitality. The notion of reviewing research seemed restrictive and either excessively specialized or hopelessly protean. The dramatic increase in the training of Latin Americanists and the resulting explosion of publications about the region by the end of the 1960s seemed to threaten with extinction the rara avis that had been the journal's stock in trade, the review of the literature. In 1974, when John Martz and I assumed control of LARR, it was hard to imagine anyone repeating Richard Morse's feat in the two-part article on urban studies, "Trends and Issues in Latin American Urban Research, 1965-1970" (LARR volume 6, numbers 1 and 2 [1971]). The mere suggestion of surveying the field of colonial history in three articles, as James Lockhart, Karen Spalding, and Frederick Bowser had done in 1972, would have brought an incredulous curl to the nether lip of a student of that field just two years later. The fact that we received virtually no backlog of manuscripts from our predecessors appeared symbolic of the well having run dry.


The emergence of quinolone-resistant isolates of salmonellae has been related to the use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine, which causes an important impact on the selection of resistance (2, 3, 8). It has also been demonstrated that veterinary clones possess the same mechanism of resistance as human clinical isolates (10). Quinolone resistance in salmonellae is mainly associated with mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of the gyrA and parC genes (6, 10).

However, little is known about what the incidence of resistance in wild animals is and which of the mechanisms of resistance these strains have, although it is thought that wild animals are also integrated in the same epidemiologic cycle (1). The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of quinolone-resistant isolates of salmonellae from wild birds and determine the mechanisms involved.

A total of 45 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates were obtained from stool samples from wild birds just arrived to GREFA Wild Life Hospital. Seven strains (15.5%) were selected on the basis of resistance to nalidixic acid. The MICs of nalidixic acid (Sigma Aldrich, Madrid, Spain), ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin (Bayer, Leverkusen, Germany) were measured by a twofold agar dilution method and interpreted according to the recommendations of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards guidelines (4). To identify gyrA and parC mutations in resistant isolates, PCR and direct DNA sequencing were performed as follows. A 312-bp fragment of the QRDR of the gyrA gene was amplified from a genomic DNA template by using specific primers gyr A-1 (5′-GGTACACCGTGCCGTACTTT-3′) and gyr A-2 (5′-TCCACGAAATCCACCGTC-3′) corresponding to positions 17 to 137 and 311 to 328, respectively. These salmonella-specific primers were constructed on the basis of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium gyrA gene sequence data (GenBank accession number {"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"X78977","term_id":"1845586","term_text":"X78977"}}X78977). The primers for the amplification of the QRDR of the parC gene have been described elsewhere (9). The mutations in the gyrA gene leading to the amino acid substitutions and MICs are shown in Table Table11.

TABLE 1.

Susceptibility to quinolone and GyrA substitutions of S. enterica subsp. enterica isolates from wild birds

Strains S2, S9, S10, S14, and S20 carried a Cys-284→Ala transversion, resulting in a Ser-83→Tyr substitution in the GyrA subunit. This mutation has been described in Salmonella serotype Typhimurium strains resistant to nalidixic acid and reduced the susceptibility to fluoroquinolones isolated from food-producing animals (10). Strains S57 and S60 carried a Gly-259→Cys transition, resulting in an Asp-87→Asn substitution in the GyrA subunit. This mutation has also been described in Salmonella isolates of human and animal origin (2, 5).

No mutations in the QRDR of parC were detected. These results may confirm that parC mutations are not necessary to obtain a high level of resistance to nalidixic acid (7).

The mechanisms of resistance described here are the same as the ones described for humans and domestic animals. Therefore, it is possible that wild animals be included in the epidemiologic cycle of the spread of resistance and the dissemination of resistant bacteria among animals and the environment. Further studies are necessary to obtain more information about what is the real role of wild animals in these facts.


The recentdiscoveryof pulsars,which arebelieved tobe neutronstars,hasstimulatedconsiderableinterestin neutronstarmatterandin particularits superfluidity [1—3]. Severalauthors[3—6]havecalculated numerouspropertiesof superfluidneutronmatter suáhastheenergygap~, critical temperatureTc. All of thesecalculations(with theexceceptionof ref. [4]) haveassumedthat theuse of theBCS [7] Hamiltonianis justified in describingsuperfluidneutronstarmatter.The purposeof this letteris to point outthat theBCS theory in its original form maynotbe applicableto neutron starmatterat densities~ 10~'lg/cm3. An importantparameter in theBCS theoryis the coherencelength~= F/~ whereVF is the Fermi velocity.In metals~ is solarge(~10—~ cm) that there are a largenumberof overlappingCooperpairsover a range of theorder of ~. Thus,if thenumberdensityof electronsin a metalis (~irr~)1, we have~/r 5~l0~ in a typical superconductor. On the otherhandin neutron starmatter(for definitenesswe shalluse the resultsof Østgaard[6] we have* for theneutronFermimomentum kF = 0.5 fm 1, ~3.l3 MeV so that~/t~0.6. Herers correspondsto neutrons. Onenotesalso that L~/EF~O.6 whereas~/EF'~l03 to i0~in metals. In orderfor the BCStheoryto be applicable,the correctionsto theBCS groundstateenergydueto the differenceH' betweentheHamiltonianH andthe reducedHamiltonianHredmust be small. Thiscanbe estimatedin perturbationtheoryandonerequiresthat W', thecorrectionto the energydue to H', be small comparedwith W 0 (whereW0 is thedifferencebetweenthe normal andsuperfluidfreeenergy). Thishas beenestimatedby BCS [7, eq.(A 14)] for metalsand


In this research, an experimental and theoretical study was conducted to design a photodegradation mechanism of the amino acid tryptophan (Trp) in hair fibres.


Lorem Ipsum Dolor " … alcohol is used for the relaxation purposes and eventually habitual use leads to addiction in active or retired athletes... " In today's society we tie together both the enjoyment of watching sports and consuming alcohol as a form of social gathering. From commercials to tailgating, and from sports bars to advertisements, alcohol and sports are synonymous for going hand in hand. This overall angle taken for sports and alcohol consumption promote a glorified perception of the tie between the two. " Alcohol is considered by the ACSM to be the most commonly abused drug " (Torretta & Einhorn). The health and well being from a medical standpoint is a concern for athletes in today's competitive sports. Knowing that alcohol is a major portion of society's lifestyle, the use of the substance has been seen to enhance the overall performance for certain sports but also decrease the performance as well. For certain sports, those involved with aiming, such as shooting, archery, and darts, alcohol has been seen to have a more beneficial effect on performance than those involving strength and endurance. " Drinking


We measured signals at the "Guan" region of a radially arterial pulse using the prototype of a clamping pulsimeter equipped with a Hall effect device, which is passed signals through the voltage detecting hard ware system. The important four different measuring times of the period, systolic, reflective, and notch peaks for a temporally pulse signal are obtained and compared each other from the analysis for an arbitrary pulse wave of one position of small size permanent magnet. It is possible to measure the reproducible pulse rate and blood pressure by using the cuffless clip type pulsimeter without an unpleasant oppressive feeling due to the use of pressurization.


Recognizing and addressing the presence of special cohorts of college students has become a key aspect of college rubrics for retention and success (Lei, Gorelick, Short, Smallwood, & Wright-Porter, 201 1). At the same time, budget shortfalls influence the extent to which the needs of these students, and the faculty who serve them, may be met. Existing programs and services may be expected to expand their outreach, but the expansions may not be appropriate for students newly or increasingly recognized as at-risk. In response, new collaborations of instructors, program directors, and administrators that combine existing resources have emerged on many campuses to innovate outreach efforts (Mohamad & Boyd, 2010).The faculty collaborative in this study formed in response to greater numbers of atypical learners entering an urban community college (CUN Y Office of Institutional Research and Assessment, 2011) and, subsequently, developmental English classrooms. The higher incidence of students demonstrating atypical learning behaviors led instructors and tutors to voice their frustrations: They called for a larger repertoire of accommodating strategies as well as more open channels of communication across service programs and personnel. The Group, as it came to be called, set out a formal structure to address several areas: understanding the needs and behaviors of atypical learners as they impacted the developmental English classroom, planning strategies for improving educational outcomes, and allowing participants to reflect on their learning both individually and collaboratively. The collaborative merged a research-based focus with methodologies of problem-posing among community practitioners in the interest of retention and success for the atypical college learner.Models for CollaboratingTeacher collaboratives of various stripes have been forming successfully for some years. Many of these groups incorporate an action-research perspective and value an empirical basis for reaching out to colleagues, administrators, and others to leverage change. For new teachers and graduate students, a research focus conveys the relevance of day-to-day classroom experience to the research methods of graduate education programs. Teachers who are inclined to see research as unrelated to the classroom find that learning does not "[stop] at the knowledge level" and are encouraged toward increased scholarly production in the future (Paradise & Dufrene, 2010, p. 108). Similarly, experienced instructors accustomed to viewing the classroom as its own context may find a research affiliation with area professional schools of education invigorating, especially within a group context. The regular onsite availability of university-trained researchers can provide a pivotal asset to seasoned instructors (Kuriloff, Reichert, Stoudt, & Ravitch, 2009). Moreover, by imitating the inquiry process itself, teacher-researcher collaboratives exemplify a mode of learning which most student-centered constructivist-based classrooms also strive to support. As Kuriloff et al. (2009) note, the inquiry-based approach of many action research collaboratives provides a venue in which participants work together, "framing research questions, developing appropriate methods, conducting the research, identifying the actions or interventions that are suggested by the data and then iteratively evaluating those efforts, making appropriate alterations and identifying the next set of questions to explore" (Kuriloff et al., 2009, p. 34). Actively employing methods of inquiry, assessment, and analysis, teacher-researchers reaffirm the values of classroom-based inquiry to examine and shape their own classrooms and instructional behaviors. As Burn (2007) notes, it is through this integration of explicit knowledge and practical interests that educators come to acquire a professional identity.Many dynamic collaboratives also employ action research to support inquiry based on participants' immediate needs for problem solving in their professional environment (Vogrinc & Zuljan, 2009). …


In the battlefield situation display, betimes and accurately displaying the track of moving target on the electronic map is the essential requirement.This paper aim at the problem that moving target's track have some inaccurateness,which caused by the much more position interval of "BeiDou" Navigation Orientation System,a algorithm of optimizing road imitation is proposed,improve the display of track in battlefield situation.It also has program implementation.


Yang Kui went to study in Japan when the Japanese proletarian literary activity rises, he also interacted with proletarian literature writers, and his works were also influenced by many Japanese writers. However, under the influence of modern Japanese literature, researches about how he was influenced by another writers were few. Before Yang Kui went to Japan, he had read the two book of Osugi Sakae according to his interview. Osugi was killed by the military in the Kanto earthquake. and Yang Kui was shocked by this.This became the trigger of his thinking. The book which Yang Kui read first after he went to Tokyo was Osugi's book. Osugi Sakae proposed "The Peoploe's Theatre", which is triggered by the translation of Romain Rolland's "The People's Theatre" and based on it. Thus, "The People's Theatre" has a strong power which made the drama not to fall into the Pessimism and Sentimentalism. Osugi claimed that it is the art which comes from people and also be made for people. These elements were also applied to Yang Kui's work. In addition, many comments of Yang Kui and Osugi Sakae's "The People's Theatre" have the same opinions. Although, there is no records to show , but we can infer that Yang Kui also intended to show "The People's Theatre". The thesis collects Yang Kui and Yamakawaism and Fukumotoism as prior research, and will consider how he was influenced by "The People's Theatre". Secondly, comparing Yang Kui's works with Hayama Yoshiki , Kobayashi Takiji, Nakano Shigeharu, whom I think have the relevance with Yang Kui in the Japanese proletarian literary. By these comparison, the characters filled with hope and lightness, which Japanese proletarian literature has lost and seen in the Osugi Sakae's "The People's Theatre", and the viewpoint of colony , which the Japanese writer ignored will be clarified.


A b stract This study conceptualized organizational brand as a package of instrumental and symbolic attributes. This framework was used to formulate hypotheses to examine the brand of the Philippine Military Academy in terms of its attractiveness. The relative importance of instrumental and symbolic brand beliefs were examined across different groups of actual applicants: those who live most of their civilian life in rural country side and urban city.   This study aims to contribute to an increased knowledge of the factors influencing organizational attraction and adds a new marketing-based angle in the recruitment process and retention of military personnel. Results show that a combination of instrumental and symbolic attributes determines the brand of the Philippine Military Academy. The study revealed that perceptions on instrumental and symbolic attributes of the Philippine Military Academy do not make the academy more or less attractive for applicants from rural country side and from urban cities because the differences of applicant's perceptions are not significant. K e yw o r d s : Brand, Instrumental, Symbolic, Recruitment, Retention


In this essay, I analyze the discourses that American women generated on the subject of the Russian Revolution of 1917, a body of works that has for the most part escaped critical scrutiny. While the First World War slowed tourist traffic to Russia, by 1917 there was a substantial contingent of American women in Petrograd reporting on the revolution. Unlike male narratives of the revolution, women's literature avoids diagnosing the Russian condition, or expertly summing up the Russian character. These correspondents, rather than focusing on abstract political philosophies and political events, recorded the intimate ways that individuals experienced class warfare, political instability, and economic dislocations. I argue that this technique of vivid impressionism was perhaps a more suitable method to represent the revolution than as a coherent, logical, and transparent narrative. In this essay, I analyze the gendered travel narratives of the Russian Revolution, a genre that is unique as it is under-theorized, and reveal an unknown dimension to Russian-American relations.


Phenol-urea-formaldehyde(PUF) resins belong to a kind of new adhesives for wood,and curing behaviors and heat-resistance between PUF resin and commercial PF were almost same,but product cost of PUF resin was lower. Recent research developments of the synthesis methods,co-condensation reaction mechanisms,curing behaviors and influence factors of PUF resin were summarized.


APIs and their production and consumption are part of the core of most software development today. From the perspective of software developers APIs can be interpreted as a type of user interface used to solve programming tasks. In this context a small number of publications has investigated the analysis, evaluation and improvement of the usability of APIs under the term of API usability in the past. We propose to investigate if and to what extent a new paradigm of API usability engineering can be a useful complement to established paradigms of software engineering. To this end we present the first draft of a framework that aims to capture the dimensions of API usability as a domain for research and application and might serve as a basis for scoping the proposed field of API usability engineering.


Abstract A key feature of current economic policies in Saudi Arabia is the inclusion of women in the labor market. The lift of the ban on women driving was expected to have a positive impact on this goal. Using longitudinal interviews with Saudi university students (both men and women), we find that the ban on women driving configured individual mobility as family mobility, which affected women's options and men's obligations. Secondly, we find that mobility constraints, moderated by socioeconomic status, continue to restrict women´s mobility even after the lift of the ban, reinforced by societal and family opposition. Finally, we show that the mobility constraints that Saudi women face affect their labor market preferences, opportunities, choices, and outcomes. While remaining conservative social attitudes continue to restrict women's mobility, women's increased labor force participation erodes those attitudes, creating a reinforcing mechanism in which increased mobility and labor market access strengthen each other.


Gout is a clinical disease associated with hyperuricemia and caused by the deposition ofmonosodium urate crystals in and around the tissue of joints. The course of classic gout passes through three distinct stages: asymptomatic hyperuricemia, acute intermittent gout, and advanced gout/chronic tophaceous gout.1,2 Tophi; described as accumulation of articular, osseus, soft tissue, and cartilaginous crystalline deposits; is one of clinical manifestation of chronic tophaceous gout stage, and usually developedafter 10 or more years of acute intermittent gout.1,2 Although patients have been reported with tophias their initial clinical manifestation


Short-range DFT/long-range ab initio methods allow for a combination of the weak basis-set dependency of DFT with an accurate ab initio treatment of long-range effects like van der Waals interaction. In order to improve existing short-range LDA and GGA density functionals, we developed a TPSS-like short-range meta-GGA exchange-correlation functional and checked its performance in long-range CCSD(T) calculations for thermodynamical properties of the G2 set of molecules.


The primary aim of the edition is to present fully collated texts of those works which exist in a number of versions, both printed and manuscript, and to provide accurate texts of those works previously unpublished or which have become relatively inaccessible. The series is complete.


Abstract: Plasma membranes were isolated from C6 glioblastoma cells by two methods. In the first method cells were treated with concanavalin A and lysed in hypotonic medium. After partial separation of plasma membranes from other cell material, the lectin was displaced with a‐methyl‐D‐mannoside. In the second method untreated cells or cells iodinated in a lactoperoxidase‐catalyzed reaction were homogenized in isotonic medium. Membrane fractions obtaincd by either homogenization procedure were further purified by rate zonal and equilibrium centrifugations into linear density gradients. Disruption of the glioblastoma cell membrane gives rise to heterogeneous assemblies of mem‐ brane fragments. Two populations of plasma membranes were isolated from untreated and from iodinated cells: a "lighter")membrane fraction characterized by relatively lower sedimentation velocity and buoyant density, and a "heavier" membrane fraction of relatively faster sedimentation velocity and higher buoyant density. Both fractions showed electrophoretic patterns similar to those of 125I‐labeled cell surface proteins. Their specific (Na++ K+)‐ATPase activity was seven‐ to eightfold the homogenate activity (recovery, 13.1%). Both fractions were, however, still contaminated by smooth endo‐ plasmic reticulum, as judged from the activity 0: NADPH‐dependent cytochrome c reductase (recovery, 2.4%). It is suggested that plasma membrane fragments present in the two fractions might differ in the organization of their structures, e.g., membrane vesicle intactness and membrane orientation.


An vibration energy harvester which can work in fluid environments is fabricated.Piezoelectric cantilever structure is adopted.Ultrasonic energy in water is harvested.By changing relative dinection of ultrasonic and cantilever,and salinity weigh percent,it is discovered that generating efficiency in ultrasonic liquid enrironment is reduced with the salinity weight percent increases and the device achieves highest efficiency when the angle between ultrasonic transducer plane and cantilever beam is 45°~60°.The output peak-peak voltage reaches 5.04V excited by 32kHz ultrasonic frequency.


Multiexposure fusion (MEF) refers to image fusion methods that capture high dynamic range natural scenes from a set of low dynamic range camera images. In this letter, we study the problem of designing quality assessment (QA) algorithms to estimate the perceptual quality of images generated by different MEF algorithms. We develop our quality index by evaluating individual quality maps between a given fused test image and individual over-/underexposed images at multiple scales and orientations and then combining these maps across the over-/underexposed images. Our approach works on the premise that the true undistorted reference is contained across the over-/underexposed source images. We identify this true reference based on the notion of perceived image information using natural scene statistical models. It is shown that our approach outperforms the state of the art QA algorithms in terms of correlation with human perception of quality on a publicly available MEF database.


Since reform and open-up,population flow becomes a popular phenomenon and urban flow population mainly composed of peasant-workers rapidly increases.Legal rights of the flow population can not be fully protected while the flow population commits crimes more and more seriously.Criminal rate increase is closely related to that legal rights of the flow population can not be fully protected.The legal rights of the flow population should be protected by making an overall and high-efficient law and the crime of the flow population should be prevented.


This paper seeks to overcome the socially constructed, dichotomous margin-center paradigm which the feminist movement sought to overcome, but which it works within. In reaction to male patriarchy, the feminist movement has not reconciled the intersecting relationships of gender; class, and race. This paper seeks to resolve the problem through an Asian women's feminism, called yinist, which is holistic, dynamic, synthesizing, and complementary with yang, the male energy. Yinist feminism diffuses false sets of dichotomy deriving from the dualistic paradigm: male against female, human being against nature, God apart from human being, this world apart from the other world.


Irish writer Samuel Beckett's play Endgame portrays the living situation of the only four survivors in their waste world after World War II. It reflects the postwar trauma suffered by human beings as well as their neglect and disregard of culture, revealing westerners' survival and psychological crisis after World War II. The theme of postwar influence underlies seemingly absurd dialogues in the play. The emptiness and hopelessness embodied by the characters in Endgame are a reflection of westerners' disillusioned religious belief and psychological trauma. This paper explores the lingering shadow after the Second World War reflected in Endgame: westerners were fully aware of the fragility of human life, and thus felt extreme empty and hopeless; they realized the great lethality of weapons, which led them to overemphasize machinery and technology without valuing the importance of culture. By writing this play, Beckett warns people to face up to the postwar trauma, attach importance to cultural construction and development, and reshape their values to get out of their spiritual plight gradually.


IntroductionSocietal change, due to the complex functioning and globalization in many diverse and multiple dimensions, demands a different type of citizen. People need to live, work, develop and seek happiness locally under a global influence. Many previously well-established principles and values need to be questioned, re-examined and possibly challenged.The development and nurturing of the new local or global individual must acquire different competencies, master new skills, and operate with a more complex set of rules, in order to feel conscientious about protecting the environment and be compassionate about a fellow citizen who might reside on a different continent. How do we prepare young people for such a demanding life? What kind of an educational experience should they receive and what are the appropriate universal principles and values that must guide their actions personally and professionally?From an educational leadership perspective, the questions that accumulate experientially include: what curriculum and learning objectives do we need? Does it require a new way of assessing learning? What personal qualities and characteristics do faculty members need? Who should define these principles and values? What are the desirable qualities of educated people if they are to serve humanity?The author defined educational experience as 'the complete learning experience obtained from students academic, physical, spiritual and civic responsibilities'. (S. Gialamas and P. Pelonis 2009) Definitely, to answer all or some or many of these questions, we need to engage the minds of students, staff, faculty, administration, parents and friends of an academic institution with the underlying commitment to serve the family, the community, the nation and the world.Innovation and authentic leadership approaches are the enabling objectives to provide students with a unique, meaningful, high quality, holistic educational experience. Students will then use their academic knowledge to exercise wisdom in their decision-making as they become the keepers of the future of the planet.The educational institutions of the future require the following pillars:Innovative leadership.Meaningful curriculum and delivery modalities.Faculty as leaders.Ethos.Innovative leadershipInnovative leadership is the continuous act of effectively engaging all members of the institution, as well as utilizing their differences, their authentic energies, creative ideas and diverse qualities primarily for the benefit of the students and also for every other constituency of the institution. (S. Gialamas 2102) This type of leadership has three dimensions:1. Interpersonal: inspiring all members of the institution (constituencies) to strive for excellence to reach their maximum potential, guiding and motivating them towards exceptional performance, while being the example of inspiration and instilling confidence in advance for success.2. Setting standards: establishing standards of good conduct; serving as a model for meeting these standards; being laureates for truth and beauty and modeling integrity and ethos (as defined by the ancient Greeks). Ethos in Greek means 'character' - the guiding beliefs or ideals that characterize a community. Ethos is also a disposition that reflects the fundamental values peculiar to a specific person, cultural group, community or movement. According to Aristotle, the chief components of a compelling ethos are goodwill, practical wisdom and virtue. Virtue is moral excellence, righteousness and goodness.3. Serving humanity: education requires an emphasis on the entire civic spectrum, stemming from social awareness and interest, to social engagement and commitment.The author defines social commitment to a cause as a pledge to benefit the human condition. Striving for the betterment of a situation or enhancing quality of life then becomes a way of life for students, as they also develop a positive mindset toward improving any necessary aspect of society. …


Sparse symmetric indefinite problems arise in a large number of important application areas; they are often solved through the use of an LDLT factorization via a sparse direct solver. While for many problems prescaling the system matrix A is sufficient to maintain stability of the factorization, for a small but important fraction of problems numerical pivoting is required. Pivoting often incurs a significant overhead, and consequently, a number of techniques have been proposed to try and limit the need for pivoting. In particular, numerically aware ordering algorithms may be used, that is, orderings that depend not only on the sparsity pattern of A but also on the values of its (scaled) entries. Current approaches identify large entries of A and symmetrically permute them onto the subdiagonal, where they can be used as part of a 2 × 2 pivot. This is numerically effective, but the fill in the factor L and hence the runtime of the factorization and subsequent triangular solves may be significantly increased over a standard ordering if no pivoting is required. We present a new algorithm that combines a matching-based approach with a numerically aware nested dissection ordering. Numerical comparisons with current approaches for some tough symmetric indefinite problems are given.


OLDER PEOPLE should practise strength and balance exercises such as t'ai chi to reduce falls and fracture risk, according to experts from an international research group.


The image of Olympic Games is mixed. The Games are a monumental celebration, but its organisation and legacy are also seen as a threat to the sustainability of the city. This research distinguished three main actors, each with different aims for supporting the Games; The International Olympic committee, the host-city and the citizens of the host-city. Research showed that especially the wishes of the citizens are neglected in the organisation and legacy of the Olympics. This graduation project aims to enhance this citizens by researching the potentials for the Olympic legacy to enhance the social sustainability of the host city. If so, the Olympic Games can be of great additional value to the city and its inhabitants. This research looks into the concepts of mega-event planning, Olympic legacy, urban regeneration and social sustainability and the interrelation between these concepts. Eventually it sets up a theoretical framework for enhancing social sustainability in decisions based on location, projects and legacy of the Olympic Games. To evaluate social sustainability in former Olympic Games, a case study to 2012 Olympics in London is conducted. This knowledge is used to create a strategy and design for a future Olympic Games in the city district of Rotterdam South. The Olympic areas are located in Zuiderpark and Varkenoord North, with the neighbourhoods in-between as focus area. To counter the severe socio-economic and -spatial problems in this city district, a strategy consisting of seven proposals for a social Olympic legacy are implemented and further explored in design interventions. Eventually a design is made for Varkenoord North with use of these strategic proposals and changing the urban environment to a sport, transport and business node, creating a new identity as Feyenoord city. The area will be the representative image of a renewed Rotterdam South by using the Olympic Games for sustainable regeneration. During the graduation research design principles for enhancing social sustainability within Olympic legacy are gathered and collected in a separate booklet "Towards an Olympic legacy for all" Book 02.


Given the variable nature of the Lake Erie ecosystem, we investigated biotic and abiotic sources of variation for walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) growth, consumption, and population-wide predatory demand. We determined how temperature, population structure, and age-specific consumption influenced walleye growth and consumption during 1986-1995. For each year, we used individual-based bioenergetics modeling to compare growth and consumption by walleye in Lake Erie's western or central basin with those of walleye moving seasonally between basins. Population structure strongly affected walleye growth and consumption but had little influence on interbasin growth rate comparisons. Based on water temperature alone, growth and consumption by western basin walleye were generally lower than for central basin or migratory populations and were more limited by summer water temperatures. In simulations combining effects of population structure, temperature, and age-specific consumption, migratory walleye grew most rapidly, taking advantage of temperature-related growth peaks in both basins. Estimates of walleye predatory demand declined with population size from 1988 through 1995. With natural feedbacks, predatory demand interacts with prey production, limiting walleye reproductive potential when prey availability is low. However, immediate impact on predatory inertia is limited, complicating our ability to predict how predatory demand and prey availability interact in Lake Erie.


This study presents an innovative strategy for automatic evaluation of the variable fundamental frequency and related damping factor of nonlinear structures during strong motion phases. Most of methods for damage detection are based on the assessment of the variations of the dynamic parameters characterizing the monitored structure. A crucial aspect of these methods is the automatic and accurate estimation of both structural eigen-frequencies and related damping factors also during the nonlinear behaviour. A new method, named STIRF (Short-Time Impulse Response Function - STIRF), based on the nonlinear interferometric analysis combined with the Fourier Transform (FT) here is proposed in order to allow scientists and engineers to characterize frequencies and damping variations of a monitored structure. The STIRF approach helps to overcome some limitation derived from the use of techniques based on simple Fourier Transform. These latter techniques provide good results when the response of the monitored system is stationary, but fails when the system exhibits a non-stationary, time-varying behaviour: even non-stationary input, soil-foundation and/or adjacent structures interaction phenomena can show the inadequacy of classic techniques to analysing the nonlinear and/or non-stationary behaviour of structures. In fact, using this kind of approach it is possible to improve some of the existing methods for the automatic damage detection providing stable results also during the strong motion phase. Results are consistent with those expected if compared with other techniques. The main advantage derived from the use of the proposed approach (STIRF) for Structural Health Monitoring is based on the simplicity of the interpretation of the nonlinear variations of the fundamental frequency and the related equivalent viscous damping factor. The proposed methodology has been tested on both numerical and experimental models also using data retrieved from shaking table tests. Based on the results provided in this study, the methodology seems to be able to evaluate fast variations (over time) of dynamic parameters of a generic reinforced concrete framed structure. Further analyses are necessary to better calibrate the length of the moving time-window (in order to minimize the spurious frequency within each Interferometric Response Function evaluated on both weak and strong motion phases) and to verify the possibility to use the STIRF to analyse the nonlinear behaviour of general systems.


T HE man who has spent decades in developing a method of mapping vegetation finally arrives at a point where he feels that his system is the best of all. He becomes sensitive to differences and deviations, and, since few men have the leisure to devote much attention to the systems of their colleagues, he tends to overemphasize what are in fact but slight differences. For instance, the opponents of Braun-Blanquet assert that he designates different plant communities by the same name when they are dominated by one and the same species. The more scientific method, so they maintain, is to consider the floristic composition of the entire community rather than just the dominant species, because one species can well be dominant in two communities of different composition. If the men who make these assertions were correct at one time, they certainly are not now; for in the meantime Braun-Blanquet's system has been developed and refined and men such as Emberger and Tiixen, the chief promoters of Braun-Blanquet's methods, are doing precisely what their critics say they are not doing. An occasional visit of the leading phytosociologists to their colleagues would probably eliminate most of the more serious differences. Nevertheless, it is fortunate that these differences exist and are frequently referred to, because they force the authors of vegetation maps to consider and reconsider their ideas and all that they entail. It is because of this and also the amazing fund of information on the vegetation of Europe that the quality of European vegetation maps has soared so high. This has given them such practical value that the demand for them is growing steadily. Europe continues to lead the world in vegetation mapping, and as this field is growing in importance on all the continents and the need for vegetation maps is becoming more and more urgent in the United States, the chief European methods are described here in an effort to acquaint the American reader with some of the ideas involved. A large variety of vegetation maps are being published in Europe today, but they can be classified according to four schools of thought; these schools will be discussed here. In this country the term "vegetationist" is slowly becoming established, largely under the leadership of Frank Egler. In Europe, however, a vegetationist is usuallyregarded as identical with a phytosociologist, and a vegetation map is considered an intricate scientific tool, devised, developed, and employed by the phytosociologist. Knowledge and skill are required for the full utilization of a modern European vegetation map; in this respect a vegetation map differs little from any other scientific instrument. The centers that prepare vegetation maps for government and commercial agencies therefore add an elaborating "report," to analyze and interpret the information on the map for the benefit of those who are not versed in phytosociology.


Past research, guided by Piaget's and Kohlberg's theories of moral development, has shown that young children base their moral judgments on the consequence of the story protagonist's behavior while older children base their judgments on the protagonist's intent. Three age groups of children (144 subjects) heard four stories and were placed in three conditions to investigate whether their judgments could be influenced by asking them to pay attention either to why the protagonist did what she or he did or to what happened in the story, or given no instructions. As age increased, children's recall of stories and use of a protagonist's intention as a reason behind their judgments increased. Judgment scores followed the same pattern for all ages. Results were discussed in terms of social-emotional and cognitive development.


Two- and three-dimensional lithographic strategies were used to fabricate materials which enable control and study of biological processes with high efficiency. Electron-beam lithography was used to produce 2D patterns of micrometer-sized features of gold on silicon where dinitrophenyl end-capped ligand self-assembled monolayers were specifically immobilized to enable study of their interactions with specific receptors on mast cells. Two-photon lithography was used to produce 3D constructs of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-based hydrogels on microfabricated silicon neural prosthetic devices. The hydrogels were used to deliver neurotrophins to stimulate neuronal cells in order to promote neuron stability and to make highly efficient connections between device electrodes and neurons. Both these lithographic strategies and their application demonstrate the influence of chemistry and topography of materials surfaces on cellular responses.


Lead (II) nitride (Pb(NO3)2), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were used as starting materials. Lead titanate powder was formed by hydrothermal method at 150 C for 6h. The calcuim fluoride (CaF2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) were separately adapted as intermediate layer on p-Si (100) substrate. Lead titanate thin film was formed onto CaF2/Si and TiO2/Si substrates by spin processor. 100kHz C-V characteristics of PbTiO3 films were measured by impedance analyzer (LCR meter). Polarization-electric field (P-E) characteristics were measured for both MFIS (Metal/ Ferroelectric/ Insulator/ Semiconductor) structures by applying the same triangular wave electric field in order to allow their application in NVFRAM (Non Volatile Ferroelectric Random Access Memory). Keywords— hydrothermal synthesis, intermediate layer, CaF2/Si, TiO2/Si, hysteresis loop


The moment behavior of beam-column connections should be considered in advanced steel space frame analysis. A trilinear model and calculation method were presented. Based on the comparison with the FEM results, it has been proved that the M-θ relationship of semi-rigid end-plate connections can be accurately estimated by this simplified calculation method and satisfy the requirement of structural design. This calculation method is simple and ease of use, it benefits application of this kind of joint in actual structure engineering and provides the basis and reference for design of the semi-rigid connection.


Context: Bug triage aims to recommend appropriate developers for new bugs in order to reduce time and effort in bug resolution. Most previous approaches for bug triage are supervised. Before recommending developers, these approaches need to learn developers' bug-fix preferences via building and training models using text-information of developers' historical bug reports.
 Goal: In this paper, we empirically address three limitations of supervised bug triage approaches and propose FixerCache, an unsupervised approach for bug triage by caching developers based on their activeness in components of products.
 Method: In FixerCache, each component of a product has a dynamic developer cache which contains prioritized developers according to developers' activeness scores. Given a new bug report, FixerCache recommends fixers with high activeness in developer cache to participate in fixing the new bug.
 Results: Results of experiments on four products from Eclipse and Mozilla show that FixerCache outperforms supervised bug triage approaches in both prediction accuracy and diversity. And it can achieve prediction accuracy up to 96.32% and diversity up to 91.67%, with top-10 recommendation list.
 Conclusions: FixerCache recommends fixers for new bugs based on developers' activeness in components of products with high prediction accuracy and diversity. Moreover, since FixerCache does not need to learn developers' bug-fix preferences through complex and time consuming processes, it could reduce bug triage time from hours of supervised approaches to seconds.


Density stratified flows are classified into three classes uch as upper, middle and under layer flows. In this study, the time averaged mean profiles of velocity, density and temperature are discussed in stably stratified media, and also the theories of turbulent diffusion coefficients for momentum, mass and heat are developed. We consider the mixing length 1, at a density interface and assume a linear distribution of the mixing length in main flow region, and then theories of velocity profiles are established. Those of density and temperature profiles are also developed, assuming the distributions of mixing lengths for mass and heat respectively. The effects of density stratification in these profiles are evaluated by the changes of the distributions of the mixing lengths for momentum, mass and heat from the distributions in neutral stability. Turbulent diffusion coefficients for mass and heat are discussed directly on the basis of mixing length theory and predictive methods on them are presented. The theories developed in this paper show goodagreement with the experiments.


Identification of lightning type can provide directive guidance for the operation and maintenance of transmission lines. In this study, a corresponding relationship satisfied by the polarities of three phases of fault traveling wave current is built under the condition that a fault of transmission line is caused by lightning. On the basis of the lightning overvoltage theory and the boundary condition of transmission line, it is proposed that the back flash should be identified according to the differences and similarities in polarities of three phases of current traveling waves. Based on the modified energy ratio, a method is proposed for the judgment of the transmission line fault caused by lightning and shielding failure, in accordance with the energy variation feature of transient traveling wave. Finally, the identification of types of lightning on the transmission line is achieved. The method is proved to be correct and have good application value by performing simulations and field experiments.


Increasing potassium fertilizer rate up to 80 kg K2O/ fed significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic pigments concentration as well as stem anatomical characters. The highest weight was obtained due to application of 40 kg K2 As for the interactions, application of bostimulants, in particular, seaweed extract, significantly increased fresh and dry weights of potato shoot, photosynthetic pigments concentration as well as improved anatomical characteristics of potato stem grown under all potassium fertilizer rates with or without anaddition of effective microorganisms. The highest value was obtained under the treatment of 40 kg K O/ fed in the first and seconds season as compared with untreated plants. Exogenous application of biostimulants, in particular, seaweed extract significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic pigment concentration as well as increased the diameter of stem, pith and thickness of collenchyma layers, and xylem tissue as well as the length and width of large vascular bundle beside the thickness of external phloem as compared to control in both seasons. Addition of effective microorganisms to the soil significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments concentration as well as the diameter of stem, length and width of vascular bundle, and the thickness of xylem. 2 O/fed with addition of effective microorganisms and spraying plants with 500 mg/l seaweed extract as compared with control plant in the first and second growing seasons.


When using untrusted third parties to compress and transmit images in real‐life scenarios, it is vital to encrypt them before compression. In order to better address the issues of low security in the original image and poor reconstruction quality of the encrypted image during compressed sensing, this paper proposes a 2D compressed sensing scheme for encrypted images based on complex‐valued measurement matrix (2DCS‐CVM). Firstly, the SHA‐256 algorithm generates keys for the hyperchaotic Lorenz system, and then the chaotic sequences are used to create encrypted images with increased security through subtractive diffusion and global permutation. Secondly, the complex‐valued Vandermonde measurement matrix is utilized for 2D compressed sensing on the encrypted image, and the two‐dimensional projected gradient with embedding decryption algorithm is used to generate recovered images with improved reconstruction performance. Finally, the measurement matrix's computational complexity and transmission bandwidth are reduced through structural sparsification with sparse random matrices. Simulation results demonstrate that this scheme offers an optimal balance between storage, computational complexity, hardware implementation, and reconstruction performance while providing excellent security and robustness.


The results of experimental studies of the evaporation of the water-ethanol droplets with various concentrations of ethanol suspended on a thread are presented. Using high-speed microphotography, we studied the dynamics of changes in the size of evaporating droplets at various relative humidity of the surrounding air. As a result of experiments, it was found that the relative humidity of the surrounding air had a significant effect on the process of droplet evaporation. For all the considered concentrations of ethanol, it was found that the higher the concentration, the shorter the evaporation time of the droplets. Generalization of the experimental data on the evaporation time of the water-ethanol droplets of the corresponding concentration of ethanol at a relative humidity of 95% was carried out.


Since 2012, the concept of "special training needs" in Italian ministerial legislation has been connected to the concept of inclusion. In the Italian school system, students with disabilities are fully integrated in standard school activities. They can take advantage of the presence of a teacher who is a supportive figure for the whole class, who has received training in inclusion and the management of teaching strategies for dealing with disabilities. In order to train teachers who will fit that profile, a specialization course is organized by Italian universities to train teachers at every level of instruction. The chapter is contextualized to the last course of academic year 2016-2017, which took place at the University of Macerata, addressed to preschool and primary teachers. Exploratory research using a qualitative approach was run to highlight, on one hand, student teachers' preconceptions and expectations about the effectiveness of technologies for inclusion; and, on the other hand, their opinions about the activities proposed during the technology course.


We report that <IlO>-oriented Tic and NbC single crystal tips produce highly stable field emission currents after the surface-processing. The surface-processing consists of the tip heating at 900-1100°~ in the gas such as ethylene, oxygen or hydrogen sulfide, and the following continuous emission of about 10 p A for 30 minutes. The field emission patterns and the current stability were investigated in the clean and the surface-processed tips.


This paper introduces a design of intelligent switching regulated power supply based on TL494 which acts as a core element in controlling circuit,adopts advanced double closed-loop control technology of current and voltage.It can not only control stable output voltage through voltage feedback,but also protect output current overflow and output short circuit breakdown reliably through current feedback,moreover,it has the function of over-current protection.MSP430 is employed to realize the setting of output voltage and step adjustment.


Bacterial cellulose is a type of biopolymer produced by Acetobacter xylinum in high purity, high water holding capacity, good mechanical strength, elasticity and high crystallinity. In this research, pineapple waste is used as the carbon sources for the synthesis of bacterial cellulose. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of temperature, pH and concentration of pineapple waste in the production of bacterial cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum. Parameters investigated are varied from 40% to 100% for the concentration, while the temperature is between 28°C to 32°C and pH of 4.5 to 8.5. Besides, this study also aims to optimize the production of bacterial cellulose from pineapple waste by using response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD). The known value of the parameters is estimated earlier based on one factor at that time (OFAT). The results obtained from the OFAT showed the optimum condition is at pH 5.50, temperature 30°C and concentration of pineapple waste is 80 %, where the amount of bacterial cellulose dry weight is 3.3948g. According to the RSM result, the optimal conditions for bacterial cellulose were pH 5.15, temperature 30.51°C and concentration of pineapple waste is 83.32%. By using these optimal conditions, 3.4368g of bacterial cellulose is produced. The existence of bacterial cellulose is proven by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy analysis based on the appearance of absorbance peak which are C-C bonding, C-O bonding, C-OH bonding and C-O-C bonding. In short, the data presented in this paper showed that pineapple waste has a great potential to use as the carbon source in production of bacterial cellulose


We present a possible discrimination method by the combination of a neural network (NN) and QCD to separate the quark and gluon jets of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ annihilation. The network has been trained by jets of the same energy; thus only the internal structure of the jets has been considered. By the combination of the NN and the QCD matrix element, 92% accuracy in identifying jets has been achieved.


In this study, we introduced multitransient electromagnetic (MTEM) method as an effective tool for shale gas exploration. We combined the uniaxial perfectly matched layer (UPML) equation with the first derivative diffusion equation to solve for a finite difference time domain (FDTD) UPML equation, which was discretized to form an algorithm for 3D modeling of earth impulse response and used in modeling MTEM response over 2D South China shale gas model. We started with stepwise demonstration of the UPML and the FDTD algorithm as an effective tool. Subsequently, quantitative study on the convergence of MTEM earth impulse response was performed using different grid setup over a uniform earth material. This illustrates that accurate results can be obtained for specified range of offset. Furthermore, synthetic responses were generated for a set of geological scenarios. Lastly, the FDTD algorithm was used to model the MTEM response over a 2D shale gas earth model from South China using a PRBS source. The obtained apparent resistivity section from the MTEM response showed a similar geological setup with the modeled 2D South China shale gas section. This study confirmed the competence of MTEM method as an effective tool for unconventional shale gas prospecting and exploitation.


This study analyzes the influence of government expenditure and some other variables that affect the long-term economic growth at provincial level in Indonesia. This study uses panel data analysis which consists of 26 provinces during the period 1980-2006. Data used has been through stasioneritas tests using Augmented Dickey Fuller test (ADF) - Fisher for panel data suggested by Madalla and Wu (1999). The result, stationary data on the first level of difference. This study shows that the coefficient of real government spending is significantly positive. This means that government expenditure has an important role in improving economic growth in Indonesia. pengeluaran pemerintah secara agregat.


Standard, modified and non-linear k-e turbulence models are validated against three axisymmetric flow problems-flow through a pipe expansion, flow through a pipe constriction and an impinging jet problem-to underpin knowledge about the solution quality obtained from two-equation turbulence models. The extended models improve the prediction of turbulence as a flow approaches a stagnation point and the non-linear model allows for the prediction of anisotropic turbulence. Significantly different values for the non-linear model coefficients are proposed in comparison with values found in the literature. Nevertheless, current turbulence models are still unable to accurately predict the spreading rate of shear layers.


The substitution of a nonlocal interaction and a cutoff procedure for the local electron--photon interaction in the calculation of the electron mass in the low-energy limit introduces a small Pauli term, delta . The delta is calculated, first by using the precise anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, giving delta = 7.4 plus or minus 5 x 10⁻⁶, and then by using the Lamb sbift in the H atom, giving delta = --1 7 plus or minus 3 4 x 10⁻⁶ Calculation using the fine structure of positronium was also performed, resulting in delta = 2.5 plus or minus 9.8 x 10⁻⁵. It is concluded that there is no definite evidence for or against the existence of a Pauli term. The possible role of the Pauli term in quantum electrodynamical processes is discussed; it is similar to the modification in quantum electrodynamics at small distances. (D.L.C.)


ABSTRACT In early 2012, South Africa's Western Cape Province enacted new alcohol control legislation amid mounting concern with the costs of alcohol-related harms. This has focused on urban shebeen closure to control the informal, unlicensed trade and the harms it generates through crime, violence and injury. In contrast to policy discourse, this paper contends that rather than existing outside regulation, the city's shebeeners embrace multiple (self and collective) regulatory strategies to manage the inherent risks of their own informality. Drawing on novel empirical data including a 'business census' and interviews with the police and liquor traders across four Cape Town case study sites, the paper adds new depth to contemporary engagements with the appropriate and equitable regulation of the South African informal liquor trade.


There is increasing importance placed upon noninvasive assessment of gut inflammation. These tools are likely to be the key in differentiating intestinal inflammatory disease from functional disorders and in monitoring the response to intervention in individuals with known inflammatory conditions. Although various noninvasive markers are currently available, they have limitations and do not provide ideal utility. This review focuses on emerging markers of gut inflammation, highlighting the potential of specific markers.


Abstract Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended measurement of neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as a marker of population iodine status. A population is considered iodine sufficient when <3% of neonatal blood samples collected 3–4 days after birth have TSH concentrations >5 mIU/L. However, changes in technology and clinical practices have opened the WHO criteria to various interpretations. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of time of sampling, weight, and sex on neonatal TSH concentrations by analyzing neonatal TSH data, based on the WHO criteria for population iodine sufficiency. Methods: We analyzed the Western Australian (WA) Newborn Screening Program records for 198,826 babies born in WA between 2005 and 2011, to determine the relationship between neonatal TSH concentrations and time of sampling, weight, and sex. Results: The proportion of TSH results above the WHO cut-off was higher for samples collected 48–72 h after birth rather than later, for males, for birth weights below 2500 g, and when a cut-off of 5.0 mIU/L was used. Conclusion: Following changes in newborn screening protocols and earlier collection of blood samples, the WHO criteria appear inappropriate. We recommend that WHO revise current guidelines regarding use of neonatal TSH for monitoring population iodine status.


The main objective of this research is to evaluate the level of mastery of the learning objectives of the notions of psychology and pedagogy among the first year students of pedagogical humanities in some schools of the city of Kindu.
To analyze and process the data, we calculated the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the coefficient of variation, the yield, the analysis of variance and the Newman Keuls Qr test.

In general, the mastery of the concepts of psychology and pedagogy is unsatisfactory, mediocre.
The schools surveyed do not have the same degree of learning and assimilation of the concepts of psychology and pedagogy.

To improve the teaching of psychology and pedagogy, teachers can use functional didactics with active and participatory methods.


Influenced by human and natural disturbance,such as industrialization,urbanization and earth greenhouse effect,Hackensack Meadows,a wetland locating at the Northeast New Jersey,is facing many ecological stresses.Wetland area has shrunk two thirds in recent centuries. Landscape was fractured into12by roads,city and industrial zone.And the composition and structure of ecosystems became simple.At the same time,water contamination is becoming serious.Foreign species have been dominating more and more native wetland vegetation,and many native species disappeared.The wetland ecosystem had degraded sharply.In order to enhance the wetlands,conserve biodiversity and improve the environmental condition in this area,the New Jersey Wetland Commission and three other organizations in America set up a project(the special district management)to save the rest wetlands.The ecological restoration and management projects of Harrier meadow,Mill Creek marsh and Skeetill Creek marsh,a part of the project,were supported by the New Jersey Commission and had been finished in1998.Goal of the projects was to restore its original ecosystem,including ecological environment and biome.And the restoration engineering included rebuilding complex landscape,transplanting native plant,transporting substrates,restoring tidal pattern,reconstructing mitigating and nesting habitats for bird etc.And our research group conducted the management of their ecological restoration process.Growth of vegetation,control of foreign species and restora-tions of ecosystem biodiversity were chosen by us as the bioassays to indicate restoration trend of ecosystem function and sampled in the three restoration sites every season.Then database was set up and analyzed.Restoration process was evaluated two times every year for further management.The management of vegetation included investigation of composition and structure of vegetation,analyses of factors affecting restoration process and application of corresponding technology.The management of foreign species focused on mechanism of their population spread and methods to control the invaders.In the aspect of biodiversity,the enhancement of animal species and relati-onship between vegetation and animal biodiversity were studied especially.It was shown that the primary restoration on the three sites followed the restoration design on the whole.But the vegetation in Harrier meadow restored faster than other two sites due to the rich biodiversity surrounding the restoration site.The animal biodiversity in Mill Creek and Skeetkill Creek restored slowly as their vegetation was dominated by foreign species Phragmites australis and Solidago sempervirens.Restoring tidal pattern in restoration sites,harvesting overground parts and cleaning seedling could effectively control the spread of Phragmites and facilitate the growth of native plant species.


The invention relates to a bone repair stent material and a preparation method thereof, and the bone repair stent material can be used to overcome the defects of difficult obtainment of raw materials and ethical problems in the existing practice of taking a small bovine bone as the bone repair stent material. The bone repair stent material contains hydroxyapatite, the material is in a porous interpenetrating network structure, the porosity is 30%-85%, the macropore diameter is 100-800 microns, and the micropore diameter is 10-60 microns. The stent material can be widely used in repair treatment of bone defects and bone loss caused by diseases, traffic accidents, sports injuries and the like.


S – Posters Developing a translatable model system to investigate the chemistry of fungal-host ectomycorrhizal interactions Anne Murray, Purni Wickramasinghe, John Munafo Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee To establish translatable methods for studying chemical communication between ectomycorrhizal (EcM) symbionts and their host plant, a model system has been developed. This study investigates a model fungus Suillus punctipes, known as the spicy bolete, a fragrant edible mushroom whose plant host in the southeast is (often) the Loblolly pine, Pinus taeda. While the EcM fungal plant host relationship is characterized by the well-known exchange of essential nutrients and carbon, the chemical communication between the fungi and plant-host is poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we investigate different phases of the fungal host-plant colonization, with the consequent objectives: 1) the identification of fungal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by S. punctipes as part of the early stages of fungal-host plant colonization, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); 2) to identify the non-volatile compounds (nVCs) produced in the fungal-host interaction, where compounds are purified from P. taeda root and spiked into S. punctipes cultures, with the bio-transformed products (plant derived fungal metabolites) identified through tandem liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS); and 3) to quantitate fungal-host nVCs in an EcM inoculated tree population to establish a chemical profile of late stage fungal-host interactions. This poster highlights the development of a robust model to aid in the study of chemical communication pathways between symbionts by offering a clearer understanding of the complex interactions of organisms in the forest ecosystem.


Objective To surveillance clinical distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) in Zhuji People's Hospital from 2006 to 2010 and provide evidences for treatment and prevention.Methods A total of 1961 clinical Ab strains were isolated from the outpatients' and inpatients' specimens in Zhuji People' s Hospital from January 2006 to December 2010.And all of the strains were cultured and identified.Drug susceptibility tests were performed by K-B disk diffusion method.Variation of resistance rate,clinical distribution and specimens source were analyzed.Results Most of the Ab isolates (46.92%) located in ICU.The main source of specimens was sputum (90.52%).The resistance rate of Ab to cefoperazone/sulbactam was the lowest,and to chloramphenicol was the highest.And the resistance rates of Ab to imipenem and meropenem increased from 8.5% and 6.0% in 2006 to 53.4%and 65.0% in 2010.The resistance rate of Ab to 14 commonly used antimicrobial agents had increased with years from 2006 to 2010 (P < 0.05).Conclusions The detection rate of Ab in Zhuji People's Hospital increases year by year,and drug resistance of Ab is becoming more and more serious,effective measures should be taken to imrove the antibiotics stewardship,rational use and the infection control.

Key words:
Acinetobacter baumannii;  Drug resistance;  Clinical distribution


We present the results of a 6.7 GHz methanol maser survey from the Effelsberg 100 m radio telescope. A sample of 404 sources from the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS) 1.1 mm dust clump survey that met specific Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraodinaire (GLIMPSE) point-source color criteria was selected and 318 of these were observed. The new observations resulted in the detection of 29 methanol masers, including 12 new ones. Together with the additional 74 detections from the literature, this means that a total of 103 methanol masers are coincident with 1.1 mm dust clumps, yielding an overall detection rate of 26%. A comparison of the properties of a 1.1 mm dust clump and a 6.7 GHz methanol maser indicates that methanol masers with a higher flux density and/or luminosity are generally associated with more massive but less dense 1.1 mm dust clumps. The overall detection rate of 26% appears to vary as a function of the derived H-2 column density of the associated 1.1 mm dust clump. The methanol masers were primarily detected toward the brighter and more massive 1.1 mm dust clumps. A subsample of 194 sources that overlapped sources with observations of the 95 GHz methanol line was investigated in more detail for the properties of 1.1 mm dust clumps. The statistical analysis reveals that 1.1 mm dust clumps with both class I and II counterparts have much higher mean and median values of mass, column density, and flux density than those with only class I or II counterparts. Based on our much larger sample, we slightly revise the boundary defined previously for selecting BGPS sources associated with a class II methanol maser, wherein similar to 80% of expected class II methanol masers will be detected with a detection rate in the range of 40-50%.


Basing himself on the three-dimensional theory, HU Guo-heng makes a penetrating critique of the Chinese society distinctive of the tradition of valuing virtue in that he points out the alienation tragedy of the virtue-valuing society and the significance of the rational element contained in it to the Chinese modernization construction. Based on the three dimensional theory, his generalization and critique of the characteristics of the traditional Chinese culture provide us with a new mode of thinking and a new angle of view in doing researching work on the traditional Chinese culture.


SR Wilson, L The, LM Batia. Cell. 2013;155(2):285–295

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a cutaneous disorder characterized by inflamed and pruritic (itchy) skin. The proallergic cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is produced by keratinocytes and plays a central role in the pathogenesis of AD. Whether TSLP is directly responsible for the severe itching associated with AD is unclear.

Studies were performed with mice and human cells.

TSLP-mediated neuronal signaling was assessed by using calcium imaging and electrophysiology. TSLP-inducing signaling pathways …


Collaborative Research between Academy and Industry for the Development of Global Herbal Medicines in USA : Motilitone?? (DA-9701) and DA 9801


The ballot version of the 1997 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Guide Specifications for Seismic Isolation Design (March 1997) contains a number of modifications and improvements over its predecessor, the 1991 AASHTO Guide Specifications. Of these, two major changes are (a) the introduction of isolator Property Modification Factors, and (b) the specification of substructure Response Modification Factors that are lower than those of non-isolated bridges. This paper presents the rationale behind these modifications and some research results that led to the establishment of the aforementioned factors.