Controllable fabrication of compositionally graded Gd0.1Ce0.9O2‐δ and Y0.16Zr0.84O2‐δ electrolytes using co‐sputtering is demonstrated. Self‐supported membranes were lithographically fabricated to employ the new electrolytes into thin film solid oxide fuel cells. Devices integrating such electrolytes demonstrate performance of over 1175 mW cm−2 and 665 mW cm−2 at 520 °C using hydrogen and methane as fuel, respectively. The results present a general strategy to fabricate nanoscale functionally graded materials with selective interfacial functionality for energy conversion.


China has a wide-range of patent-specific and other patent-related policies in-place, many of which are at least partially meant to stimulate patents and "indigenous innovation." However, the analysis in this paper discusses how some of these policies in effect can actually discourage quality patents, and highest-quality patents in particular, and related innovation.


In this paper, we present an experimental evaluation of the recently standardized Opus codec used in a VoIP context. Opus operates in both narrow and wideband modes, similar to Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR). Through the use of the Wideband Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (WB-PESQ) metric, we have conducted an extensive set of experiments using multiple audio samples encoded at different bit-rates, to investigate the impact of packet loss on resulting speech quality. Using these results, fitting functions for each bit-rate were computed to provide a straightforward manner of evaluating speech quality when given a specified packet loss rate. Using ns-2, a simulation analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of background traffic on transmitted Opus streams. We observed that, when using different levels of background traffic, the observed packet loss rates varied heavily depending on the stream bit-rate. By correlating this information with the fitting functions derived previously, we were able to define switching thresholds. These are points where the speech quality of a lower bit-rate stream is greater than that of a higher bit-rate stream for the same levels of link bandwidth saturation.


Deeply embedded cultural assumptions about appropriate women's and men's work have persisted throughout human history. Embedded in attitudes about professions and technologies are cultural notions of manhood and womanhood. The author discusses two examples, one from the ancient province of Lagash in present day Iraq around 4000 years ago and the other from mid-19th century America. These examples illustrate the hidden dimensions and gendered assumptions that underlay historical processes. They also demonstrate that barriers to change can be culturally mediated by employing effective strategies that balance present needs with prevailing perceptions about appropriate gendered workplaces and professions.


This disease is probably a genuinely new disease. It apparently only exists in Great Britain, and it seems unlikely that it was present in this country before 1984. It is a slowly progressive encephalopathy of adult cattle producing, microscopically, a spongiform appearance of sections of brain tissue. It runs a relatively lengthy course which invariably ends in death. It is probably due to an "unconventional viral" agent similar to that of scrapie.


Graphics processor units (GPUs) are designed to efficiently exploit thread level parallelism (TLP), multiplexing execution of 1000s of concurrent threads on a relatively smaller set of single-instruction, multiple-thread (SIMT) cores to hide various long latency operations. While threads within a CUDA block/OpenCL workgroup can communicate efficiently through an intra-core scratchpad memory, threads in different blocks can only communicate via global memory accesses. Programmers wishing to exploit such communication have to consider data-races that may occur when multiple threads modify the same memory location. Recent GPUs provide a form of inter-block communication through atomic operations for single 32-bit/64-bit words. Although fine-grained locks can be constructed from these atomic operations, synchronization using locks is prone to deadlock. In this paper, we propose to solve these problems by extending GPUs to support transactional memory (TM). Major challenges include supporting 1000s of concurrent transactions and committing non-conflicting transactions in parallel. We propose KILO TM, a novel hardware TM design for GPUs that scales to 1000s of concurrent transactions. Without cache coherency hardware to depend on, it uses word-level, value-based conflict detection to avoid broadcast communication and reduce on-chip storage overhead. It employs speculative validation using a novel bloomfilter organization to increase transaction commit parallelism. For a set of TM-enhanced GPU applications, KILO TM captures 59% of the performance of fine-grained locking, and is on average 128×faster than executing all transactions serially, for an estimated hardware area overhead of 0.5% of a commercial GPU.


In an Important Study Published in 1982, Newhouse, Williams, Bennett and Schwartz (Nwbs Hereafter) Analysed the Geographical Distribution of Physicians Using Us Data and Emphasized That the Physician's Ability to Create Demand Is Neither Necessary Nor Sufficient to Yield a Prediction of Nondiffusion. the Object of Our Paper Is Twofold. Firstly We Present a Simple Model in Order to Formalize the Theoretical Considerations of Nwbs and to Show Under What Conditions Their+ Conclusions Are Consistent with Those Predicted by the Model. Secondly, We Present an Empirical Analysis of the Model Using Probit Procedure and Data for the Province of Quebec. in Conclusion, Our Results Are Summarized and Policy Implications Are Discussed.


Ottoman legal history has traditionally been a marginal field – and Ottoman law an ambiguous study hovering at the edges of a number of methodological voids. It is like any other field in that it has seen its share of conventions established, challenged, and re-imagined. But it is also relatively unique in that it has never assumed its own centrality. Indeed, if there has been a running theme in most legal histories of the Ottoman Empire, it is that the best way to define Ottoman law is by explaining what it is not. This article will address some of the comparative frameworks that have shaped Ottoman legal history, and discuss the ways in which these frameworks are now being re-evaluated.


In this paper, statistical methods for the reliability of repairable systems have been applied to provide an estimate for the failure rate of cross-country crude product pipelines based on historical failures. The pipelines are assumed to follow minimal repair models, and the failure data are tested against the Homogenous Poisson Process (HPP) and the non-Homogenous Poisson Process (nHPP). Two statistical tests, Laplace test and the MIL-HDBK 189 are used to test the null hypothesis that the process is an HPP against the alternative that the intensity is increasing, following a nHPP. The statistical tests conducted reveals that HPP is an acceptable model that describes the number of corrosions that occur in onshore crude product pipelines. The intensity function and the Mean Time Between failures (MTBf) of the pipelines are determined to study the dynamics of failures between API 5L X42 pipelines installed at different periods. It is found that all other factors being equal, similar pipelines installed relatively at the same time would show similar MTBf and failure intensity. The result of the work will be valuable in formulating effective inspection and maintenance policies for cross country pipelines. after failure. Therefore, statistical methods for the reliability of repairable systems can be applied to model their failures (Rigdon and Basu 2000). 1.2 Statistical reliability of pipelines A number of researchers have worked on risk assessment and reliability of pipelines using different approaches. (Muhlbauer 2003) developed a qualitative index to rank pipelines based on level of risk. Semi quantitative methods such as Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) (Dey et al 2004 and Al Al-Khalil et al 2005) and AHP-fTA (Dawotola et al 2009) have been applied to subjectively estimate pipeline failures and provide risk management framework for operating pipelines. (Cagno 2000 & 2003) have utilized AHP as an elicitation method of expert opinion to obtain a priori distribution of failures of pipelines. The expert result was further combined with historical data of failures by Bayesian analysis. Probabilistic approaches, using limit state models (Ahammed and Melchers 1997 & Caleyo et al 2002) have been applied with some success. Statistical approaches such as the work of (Sosa and Alvarez-Ramirez 2009) have studied the time distribution of hazardous materials pipeline incidents. failures of both low and high severity index were analyzed using historical data obtained


This chapter studies international law in Cambodia. Cambodia's evolving relationship with public international law must be understood in the context of the nation's unique history and circumstances, which are marked by colonization, conflict, Vietnamese occupation, territorial administration, civil war, transitional justice, and state-building. Cambodia's legal system has undergone significant changes from the early days of unwritten customary laws, to the imposition of French civil law, and thereafter the 'legal vacuum' created by the ultra-Marxist Khmer Rouge regime that left Cambodia in a state of war and international isolation until the 1980s. The chapter then outlines key aspects of international law in and apropos Cambodia that illustrate Cambodia's reception of public international law, and its position as an active participant in the international legal system. Cambodia has certainly taken strides in its participation in dispute resolution on the international plane. However, its tryst with international law is a fractious one.


Data-based decisions have been being made in various fields due to the development of sensors throughout the industries. Likewise, in the power system field, data-based decisions are being made in various tasks, including establishing distribution investment plans. However, in order for it to have validity, it is necessary to get rid of abnormal data or data with low representativeness of a temporary nature. Although in general, such a series of processes are done by preprocessing, the those of power system data should be handled not only noise but also data fluctuations caused by temporary change in operations such as load transfers, as mentioned above. In addition, the characteristics of load data of distribution lines (DLs) can be different depending on the characteristics of the load itself, the characteristics of the connected DLs, and regional characteristics of each DLs, so it is essential to propose and apply the optimized preprocessing method for each DL. In this study, therefore, an optimal preprocessing algorithm for each DL was proposed by mixing standard pattern calculations and polynomials based statistical method, and its appropriateness was verified by comparing the results with actual load transfer records. As a result of the verification, it was confirmed that the load transfer detection accuracy of the proposed method was 88.89%, and the maximum load of the target DL can be reduced up to 11.59% by removing the load transfer data.


This technical report describes the development and mounting of a double-pass system to quantify the optical quality of the human eye. The system consists of a point and coherent light source whose image is formed on the retina of the eye measured and a high-sensitivity camera that records the image reflected on the retina. This image is processed to obtain the point spread function of the system (PSF) that shows how the optical system of the eye degrades the image of the object. The system has a Badal to correct the ametropies of the eye, a fixation test designed to avoid lens accommodation, and a camera to control the pupilar size. A program controls the system variables and generates images of the PSF and of the modulation transfer function (MTF) from which several parameters characterizing an eye can be computed.


The oxidation of [3-'3C]pyruvate and [3-13C]propionate was studied in vivo in infused rats. The infused [3-'3C]pyruvate was quickly converted to [3-13C]lactate in the blood, and the [313C]lactate formed was well metabolized in both normoxic and ischaemic hearts. Large differences (200-600%) in the 13C enrichment of alanine (C-3) and acetyl-CoA (C-2) compared with lactate (C-3) were found in both normoxic and ischaemic hearts, suggesting that the extracellular [3-'3C]lactate preferentially entered a region ofthe cytoplasm which specifically transfers the labelled pyruvate (formed from [3-l3C]lactate) to the mitochondria. The highly enriched mitochondrial pyruvate gave high enrichment in alanine and acetyl-CoA, which was detected by 1Hand 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Ischaemia increased 13C incorporation into the main cytoplasmic lactate pool and decreased


An Iron Age monument was built by an elite that on religious ground tried to strengthen its position. To display its power a new monumental element was erected in a setting that had been symbolically loaded for generations". This is a hypothesis based on the results from the excavation at the Svarteborg 116 site in Bohuslän. The largest construction was the so-called "monument" that measured 37 m in diameter. It was built on and around a small oval-shaped cliff at the lowest part of a minor grave field, in connection with a settlement from the Pre-roman Iron Age period. On the cliff, underneath the stone paving of the monument, rock carvings were encountered, together with marks of a wooden platform and hearths in the soil. The archaeological analysis of the Svarteborg 116 site has just started and in this article I discuss problems connected with dating the "monument". Six of seven graves on the site were classified as stone-settings. The oldest of them has been 14C-dated to 3440 ± 60 BP and the youngest to 1475 ± 55 BP. The "monument" is probably the last construction erected on the burial ground.


Although nitrite-to-NO transformation at various transition metals including Fe and Cu are relatively well explored, examples of such a reaction at the redox-inactive zinc(II) site are limited. The present report aims to gain insights into the reactivity of nitrite anion, nitrous acid (HONO), and organonitrite (RONO) at a dizinc(II) site. A phenolate-bridged dizinc(II)-aqua complex [LHZnII(OH2)]2(ClO4)2 (1H-Aq, where LH = tridentate N,N,O-donor monoanionic ligand) is illustrated to react with tBuONO to provide a metastable arene-nitrosonium charge-transfer complex 2H. UV-vis, FTIR, multinuclear NMR, and elemental analyses suggests the presence of a 2:1 arene-nitrosonium moiety. Furthermore, the reactivity of a structurally characterized zinc(II)-nitrite complex [LHZnII(ONO)]2 (1H-ONO) with a proton-source demonstrates HONO reactivity at the dizinc(II) site. Reactivity of both RONO (R = alkyl/H) at the phenolate-bridged dizinc(II) site provides NO+ charge-transfer complex 2H. Subsequently, the reactions of 2H with exogenous reductants (such as ferrocene, thiol, phenol, and catechol) have been illustrated to generate NO. In addition, NO yielding reactivity of [LHZnII(ONO)]2 (1H-ONO) in the presence of above-mentioned reductants have been compared with the reactions of complex 2H. Thus, this report sheds light on the transformations of NO2-/RONO (R = alkyl/H) toNO/NO+ at the redox-inactive zinc(II) coordination motif.


SUMMARY

Three-month-old needles of Sitka spruce were less susceptible to Elatobium abietinutn than 15-month-old needles. Symptoms appeared after longer aphid feeding times but only a proportion of damaged needles fell. After short feeding periods symptoms appeared in more Norway spruce needles than in Sitka spruce, whereas longer feeding periods resulted in more needles producing symptoms in the Sitka spruce. The symptoms took 4—6 days longer to appear in Norway spruce, and needle fall followed a longer feeding period than on Sitka spruce. Following 72 h feeding, needle fall occurred more quickly on Sitka spruce than on Norway spruce. The time taken for needle fall to occur was inversely related to the feeding time in Sitka spruce but such a response was not evident in Norway spruce. The results are discussed in relation to the differences exhibited in the probing behaviour of the aphid on the two spruces.


AIM:Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2) was a significant pathogen recognition receptor in innate immune system.The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of TLR2 polymorphisms in the general population of Chinese Cantonese.METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 200 unrelated healthy Chinese Cantonese individuals.The functional regions of TLR2 locus,including promoter region and all three exons with their surrounding intronic regions were amplified using PCR and sequenced in a random sample of 24 subjects.TLR2 genotyping in other 176 subjects was performed using PCR-sequence specific primer and PCR.RESULTS: A total of 5 single nucleotides polymorphisms(SNPs) were detected,the two of which were novel.SNPs located in the coding region were all synonymous substitutions.The most common SNP was rs3804099 with the minor allele frequency of 26.3%.One 22 bp insertion/deletion(INDEL) polymorphism was found in exon 1 with the deletion allele frequency of 31.8%.All polymorphic sites were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.Neutrality test suggested that TLR2 in Chinese Cantonese did not significantly deviate from the neutral model.Linkage disequilibrium(LD) analysis showed complete LD between SNP-18945 C/T and SNP-18 883 C/G,and strong LD between SNP rs3804099 and SNP rs3804100.CONCLUSION: This is the first report on the distribution of TLR2 polymorphisms in the general population of China.It provided some ethnic specific polymorphisms,which might help in the further studies of disease association in Chinese.


This study aimed to prove the effect of company size, financial leverage, and profitability on stock overpricing. The population of this research was the companies which conducted initial public offering (IPO) which were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2009 - 2018. This research used purposive sampling technique and the number of samples obtained was 31 companies. The results of this study indicate that the variable company size and financial leverage have no effect on overpricing. In contrary, the profitability variable has a positive effect toward overpricing.


24 The incidence of cardiovascular complications associated with hyperglycemia is a growing, 25 global health problem. This review discusses the link between hyperglycemia and cardiovascular 26 diseases onset, focusing on the role of recently emerging downstream mediators, namely oxidative 27 stress and glucose metabolic pathway perturbations. The role of hyperglycemia-mediated activation 28 of non-oxidative glucose pathways (NOGPs), i.e. the polyol pathway, hexosamine biosynthetic 29 pathway, advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) and protein kinase C in this process is extensively 30 reviewed. The proposal is made that there is a unique interplay between the NOGPs as well as a 31 downstream convergence of detrimental effects that affect especially cardiac endothelial cells, 32 thereby contributing to contractile dysfunction. Here the AGE pathway emerges as a crucial mediator 33 of hyperglycemia-mediated detrimental effects. In addition, a vicious metabolic cycle is established 34 whereby hyperglycemia-induced NOGPs further fuel their own activation by generating even more 35 oxidative stress, thereby exacerbating damaging effects on cardiac function. Thus NOGP inhibition, 36 and particularly the AGE pathway, emerges as a novel therapeutic intervention(s) for the treatment of 37 cardiovascular complications such as acute myocardial infarction in the presence hyperglycemia. 38 (177) 39 40 41


Since the global financial crisis of 2008-09, the asset quality and profitability of Indian banking deteriorated. The Gross NPA ratio rose sharply to 7.5% in FY16 compared to 2.2% in FY09. Once the account is classified as NPA, income from NPA is not recognized on accrual basis and the unrealized interest that was taken to Profit and Loss account on accrual basis shall also be reversed as the policy of income recognition. Operational effectiveness of the banks is affected by the quality of advances, which in turn has an impact on the profitability, cost effectiveness, liquidity, and solvency position of the banks. Hence, an attempt was made to study the impact of NPAs on the bank's performance. Data was collected on Scheduled Commercial Banks in India from RBI reports, and simple correlation and regression applied in order to establish linkages between selected variables—Profit, ROA, ROE, Cost to Income ratio and Provisions, and NPA. The results of statistical analysis indicate that NPAs have insignificant inverse relationship with profit, significant negative impact on ROA, ROE, and a significant positive impact on Cost to Income ratio and Provision. As such, NPAs put detrimental impact on the bank's performance.


This paper discuss the unified blind method for single image blur de-convolution(SIBD), multi-image blur deconvolution(MIBD) and multi-image super-resolution(SR or MISR) on low-resolution images offended by the aliasing, additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN) and linear space-invariant(LSI). In this paper the proposed method is based on alternating minimization(AM) algorithm which is use for unknown blur and high-resolution(HR) image and the Huber-markov random field(HMRF) process used for the regularization method for HR image. The edge-emphasizing smoothing operation method is use in blur estimation under the proposed adaptive BSR method, which improve the quality of blur and by toward step edges enhancing the strong soft edges to estimate the blur. In filter domain the blur estimation process can be done rather than the pixel domain, that means which uses the gradient of HR and LR images for better performance. The results based on both reallife and synthetic images and confirm the effectiveness and robustness of proposed technique.


Coastal erosion has been occurring at Somers in Victoria ever since it was first settled as a holiday resort in the early 1920's. This paper describes the nature of the problem in general terms and outlines the various protection methods that have been used to try to halt the shoreline retreat. Based on the experiences at Somers it warns about the use of certain techniques.


The utility model provides a traditional Chinese medicine health-care pillow interior. A traditional Chinese medicine insert bag is arranged on the pillow interior, a traditional Chinese medicine bag is put in the traditional Chinese medicine insert bag, and far infrared fibers are filled in the pillow interior. The utility model also provides a traditional Chinese medicine health-care pillow comprising a pillow case and the traditional Chinese medicine health-care pillow interior. A pillow interior adjusting cushion can be inserted between the pillow case and the back surface of the traditional Chinese medicine health-care pillow interior for adjusting pillow height. The height of the traditional Chinese medicine health-care pillow interior and pillow can be adjusted according to requirements, and sleep quality can be effectively improved.


This paper deals with the optimal fault-tolerant operation of a 5-phase permanent magnet (PM) brushless DC (BLDC) drive. In particular, this paper (Part I) proposes the modelization used to optimize the motor current supply to obtain the maximum power in healthy conditions and its analytical solution is presented. In the companion paper (Part II) the drive is considered both in healthy and faulty conditions and the optimization problem is solved numerically. In all cases the solution is compared with the one obtained with a "Maximum Torque Per Ampere" objective.


We present an analysis of dynamic processes for the electromagnetic wave packet passing through the opaque media with quasi-free charges. We consider plasma sheath surrounding the spacecraft as it passes through the dense layers of the atmosphere. In order to provide effective tunneling of the signal to the receiving antenna, the dielectric "resonator" between the surface of the vehicle and plasma is supposed. We discuss the peculiarities of such radio frequency telecommunication channel and analyze in detail tunneling of the wave packet to the resonator and the decay processes for excited oscillations in the resonator. The peculiarities of tunneling through the nonstationary plasma layer are analyzed.


[Problem] The present invention provides improved adhesion of the adhesive tape base film and the adhesive layer is interposed between the base film and adhesive layer of the adhesive tape primer composition, and the use of the adhesive tape of the primer composition. [Solution means] A primer composition having a graft polymerization of 15 to 65 mass% of the methyl group on 100 parts by mass (solid content) of natural rubber graft polymer formed by methyl acrylate, and 25 to 300 parts by mass of a carboxyl-modified acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber.


We found out that 49.2 percent free normal students will fulfill the agreement without a doubt and 33.3 percent students may fulfill through the questionnaire investigation of the graduating wish of free normal students.Focused on the policy of the graduation of free normal students,there are a clear contradiction between the will of free normal students and the provision of returning to the province where the students come from,and a contradiction between the will of normal students and the provision of engaging in educational practice directly after graduation.This research suggests that government should definite the approach of teaching across province and diversify the approach of upgrading in academic,and establish a national coordination system based on the management measurement in province and the supervising system existing in central government.


Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play key roles in regulating cell signaling in health and disease processes. Recent advances in mass spectrometry enable comprehensive investigation of PTMs. However, identifying functionally relevant PTMs and protein domains implicated in disease remains a key challenge. We present CLUMPS-PTM, an algorithm for spatial clustering of PTMs to propose functional domains. We apply CLUMPS-PTM to the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) dataset (one of the largest proteogenomic pan-cancer PTM datasets) comprising 1110 samples spanning 11 tumor types.
 First, we map over 14K phospho-sites and 13K acetyl-sites detected in the CPTAC dataset to protein data bank (PDB) files. We expand this to the predicted AlphaFold proteome and recover additional 12K phospho-sites and 10K acetyl-sites exceeding model confidence (pLDDT) of 70%. Consistent with previous research, phospho-sites are found on residues with lower AlphaFold prediction confidence than acetyl-sites due to their abundance in unstructured domains (p-value < 1e-4).
 To identify functionally relevant protein domains in the pan-cancer context, we characterize the 1110 samples by applying SignatureAnalyzer, a Bayesian non-negative matrix factorization method, to discover multi-omic patterns. This analysis identifies strong signatures associated with DNA damage response (DDR) and stratifies the CPTAC cohort into DDR-high (n=442) and DDR-low (n=668) groups. Next, we applied CLUMPS-PTM to differentially modified phospho/acetyl-sites between these groups. We identified 22 proteins (including GMPS, NCBP1, and ANPEP (CD13)) with significant clusters of differentially phosphorylated sites (q-value < 0.1) in DDR-high samples. ANPEP is a zinc-dependent aminopeptidase with a significant cluster (q-value = 0.0129) of differentially phosphorylated sites in the ERAP1-C domain that faces peptidase active sites known to have proliferative activity via the MAPK pathway. CLUMPS-PTM also identified a significant cluster of acetyl-sites on ARID1A (a SWI/SNF chromatin remodeler known to be mutated in cancer) in DDR-high samples (q-value = 0.085). The ARID1A cluster is on the C-terminal tail of the protein within the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) domain, an upstream regulator of proteins that increase catabolism, reduce inflammation, and increase cell survival. Increased acetylation may block a ubiquitination site at the C-terminus of the protein, resulting in increased protein levels, likely due to reduced ARID1A degradation, and increased GR signaling.
 Overall, CLUMPS-PTM is an open-source tool that allows near proteome-wide spatial analysis with the growing availability of PTM data. We anticipate that it will be useful to the broader proteomic community for the discovery of novel targets and generation of insights into functional mechanisms.
 Citation Format: Shankara K. Anand, Yifat Geffen, Yo Akiyama, Francois Aguet, Gad Getz. CLUMPS-PTM: Spatial clustering of post-translational modifications across cancer types [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3132.


Offshore wind farms in the North Sea and China were among the largest projects funded in 2015. In Europe, the 580MW Race Bank project cost $2.9bn, the 336MW Galloper project cost $2.3bn and the 402MW Veja Mate project cost $2.1bn. China's Longyuan Haian Jiangjiasha and Datang & Jiangsu Binhai, both 300MW developments, cost $850m apiece.

Rare earths are used to make magnets for wind turbines, some electric vehicle (EV) motors and are even used to make "green" tyres for cars. Graphite and lithium, as well as cobalt, are the main raw material inputs to lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, which are used to power EVs and energy storage systems.

US geological journal, the National Geographic, citing US government data, said that since 2008, prices have fallen 60% for large scale solar projects and 40% for wind projects. It quoted Alex Klein, senior director of renewables at IHS Energy, describing solar and wind energy as being "competitive in many countries", notably against natural gas, used to power energy producing plants.


Infrasound monitoring of geophysical and human-sourced activity, such as explosions, eruptions, earthquakes, and avalanches, may be impacted by burial of sensors in a snowpack. We studied the frequency-dependent attenuation of sound, vertical sound speed, and wind noise reduction in a natural snowpack using earthquakes as a natural source of infrasound. Our experiment used a 2 m vertical distribution of sensors deployed during the 2021–2022 winter in the Sawtooth mountains of Idaho. We recorded 38 earthquakes and their primary infrasound propagating vertically upward through the snow. For these events, average attenuation appeared negligible between 0 and 8 Hz, rose to 0.1 dB/cm at ∼12 Hz, and remained at this level for higher frequencies. Using timing lags across the vertical profile the speed of infrasound in the snow was measured at 160 ± 51 m/s, significantly subsonic and indicative of pore-space waves. Finally, we quantified the significant reduction in the amount of background noise measured for snow-buried compared with free-air sensors. The 24 dB of reduction of noise observed for high wind speed conditions was evident with only 20 cm of snow burial and demonstrates the powerful capability of snowpack as a noise reduction filter. This study provides a clearer understanding of how snow burial filters infrasound and minimizes noise levels and has implications for monitoring of both natural and human-made hazards.


The lexical dialect usage of Oklahoma has been well-studied in the past by the Survey of Oklahoma Dialects, but the acoustic speech production of the state has received little attention. Apart from two people from Tulsa and two people from Oklahoma City that were interviewed for the Atlas of North American English, no other acoustic work has been performed within the state. This dissertation begins to fill in these gaps by presenting twelve respondents interviewed by the Research on Dialects of English in Oklahoma (RODEO) project. For each speaker, a brief biography is given, including some of their regional and speech attitudes of Oklahoma. Then acoustic data from a wordlist and reading task are presented and compared. Analysis will consider plots of each speaker's vowel system as a whole, and will also examine many environments in isolation. These environments were chosen for their likely presence in Oklahoma, and include such dialect features as the Southern Shift, the pin/pen merger, the caught/cot merger, monophthongization of the PRICE vowel, and neutralization of tense vowels before /l./ After considering each respondent separately, some of their results will be pooled together to give a preliminary sense of the state of dialect within Oklahoma. Demographic variables such as age, gender, and urban/rural upbringing will be related to speakers' attitudes and acoustic production. This will serve two goals – first, to compare modern-day production to the findings of previous scholars, and second, to suggest a dialect trajectory for the state that could be studied further in additional research.


In this study, we propose a method to classify genre-based films using film screenplays. The proposed method vectorizes films into two aspects, i.e., film content (i.e., what films tell viewers) and screenplay structure (i.e., how the films narrate stories), and classifies film genres using the support vector machine method. We applied the Doc2Vec algorithm to screenplay structure and to handle film content. In film production, for vectorizing films, we used the statistics of the four screenplay elements: scene, action, dialogue, and transition. Compared with baseline methods, the evaluation showed that the proposed method is better for classifying films of specific genres.


Objective To analyse the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its gene polymorphism in old patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its clinical significance.Methods The plasma levels of TNF and its gene polymorphism in 40 patients with CHD were measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 30 healthy subjects were used as the control.Results The frequency of TNF gene polymorphism in CHD group was not different significantly from that in the control group,but the level of plasma TNF in CHD patients was markedly higher than that in control.Conclusions TNF gene polymorphism may be not a correlative gene of essential CHD.Neither TNFA nor TNFB gene polymorphism is related to the elevation of plasma TNF a level.Thus,other factor may be more important in CHD.


: Letter/character position information plays an important role in visual word recognition. In this article, we review three representative models of letter position encoding, i.e. the Open-Bigram Model, the Spatial Coding Model, and the Overlap Model. In addition, we review main experimental findings on letter/character position encoding in alphabetic language reading and Chinese reading. Finally, we point out some remaining open questions regarding Chinese character position encoding, and propose some new trends in this line of research.


Ethical aspects of consumption of products in the fast moving consumer goods category, such as food and fibre products, have received increased attention in the last decade. In part, this is explained by an increased awareness among consumers at large of environmental and social issues that are embedded in the production of food as well as fibre products. But, to what degree is this awareness expressed in attitudes and consumption behaviour? This project aims to describe consumer behaviour regarding garment products. The focus is put on purchasing and donating garments. As a fibre product, that requires a lot of resources in the production and extensive supply chain is well known for its social challenges, it is assumed that extending the use of a garment is associated with improved sustainable development. Research questions of particular interest are therefore related to consumer attitudes and behaviour in terms of second hand options. The empirical study was executed in two parts; as self-completed survey among 170 consumers and a focus group, targeted in a city environment (in Uppsala) in 2012. The research design was inspired by a recent consumer study that was carried out in a small town setting (Ekstrom et al., 2012). A tentative hypothesis, that garment consumption patterns may differ in a small town versus a city environment, was explored. The preliminary results show that the following factors influence the attitude towards recycling garments: age, gender, where the respondent is living and where he or she has been raised. Given no official recycling program, as is the case for paper, glass, metal, batteries and plastic materials in Sweden there is a need for a program to guide consumers at large in their ethical choices.


Keratoconus is an anterior segment disease associated with corneal ectasia and progressive loss of vision. Fifteen or soyears ago, the standard treatment protocol for keratoconuswas limited and prettymuch still based on either ''conservative'' with contact lenses and glasses or ''surgical'' with a conventional penetrating keratoplasty. What was considered a perfect indication for penetrating keratoplasty in the last millennium is now labeled as a corneal disease with expanding possibilities of surgical and nonsurgical treatments. Although the exact etiology and pathogenesis of the condition are still not fully elucidated, great strides have beenmade over the past decade. Significant progress has allowed us to detect and diagnose the disease earlier with better imaging modalities. We have seen exciting new and promising developments to alter the natural history of keratoconus in a favorableway.Much credit should be given to visionary colleagues such as Seiler T. and Colin J. (the latter whom we have sadly lost in 2013). Nowadays, the treatment paradigm has shifted and many options in various refractive modalities are possible in between the above 2 ends of contact lens and penetrating keratoplasty. Approval for newer technology may be slightly easier in Asia; however, some of the issues in our region would be accessibility and affordability. For more rural communities, both physical access and cost would be relative hurdles that our patients would have to overcome. We have witnessed an increasing number of scientific research and publications on keratoconus in recent years. Ali et al analyzed the citation metrics of keratoconus-related publications in ophthalmic journals. Interestingly, the 10 most cited articles included 3 articles on corneal biomechanics and collagen cross-linking, hinting at the future trend in scientific research in keratoconus. As expected, the big-bubble technique article of Anwar and Teichmann is undoubtedly the most cited surgical technique article as far as innovations in the surgical management of keratoconus are concerned. With the increasing popularity of lamellar keratoplasty techniques for corneal disorders, these numbers are expected to go up. Another noteworthy fact about the top 10 cited articles is that most of them continue to be cited until recently, that is, 2014. The article by Randleman et al on the prediction of risk factors for postlaser-assisted in situ keratomileusis ectasia was published in 2003 and continues to be cited until January 2014. Although not directly related to keratoconus, we believe that this is 1 area of research where the specialists need to focus in the future especially with increasing popularity of refractive procedures worldwide. Of the 10most cited articles, 4 were published in cataract and refractive surgery journals. However, the top 250 articles appeared in prominent ophthalmology journals. Publication of keratoconus-related articles in nonsubspecialty journals would encourage researchers to publish widely, thereby further increasing citations on this topic. Although 2 review articles were featured in the top 10 list, there were very few, if any, meta-analyses. As compared to literature reviews, meta-analyses are considered to provide more robust evidence on any topic. This may reflect the lack of meta-analyses on keratoconus and related fields in ophthalmology. Another area of focus that has gained popularity is keratoconus genetics. With more publications in this field in the recent 5 years, we can expect the citations to increase in this decade. Overall, the list compiled byAli et al gives a peek into the future of research and publications on keratoconus. These are exciting times for keratoconus andwe can expect evenmore articleswith high citation potential to come. EDITORIAL


Abstract : The author discusses U.S. dependence on overseas sources of strategic minerals essential to sustain its economy and defense sector. U.S. vulnerability to a loss of access to important mineral supplies is more pronounced now than at any time since World War II. The uneven distribution of strategic mineral reserves and their concentration in a handful of politically unstable countries make it essential that U.S. policymakers ensure mineral availability in the new world order. The author considers the geographical imbalance of mineral trade patterns, evaluates the stability of the major strategic mineral producing countries, and assesses the potential for mineral supply disruption. He also examines several policy options for reducing U.S. vulnerability to a loss of strategic mineral supplies including retention and modernization of the National Defense Stockpile. Strategic minerals, Mineral trade patterns, National Defense stockpile, Minerals vulnerability, Mining Law of 1872.


We use network coding to improve the speed of distributed computation in the dynamic network model of Kuhn, Lynch and Oshman [STOC '10]. In this model an adversary adaptively chooses a new network topology in every round, making even basic distributed computations challenging.
 Kuhn et al. show that n nodes, each starting with a d-bit token, can broadcast them to all nodes in time O(n2) using b-bit messages, where b > d + log n. Their algorithms take the natural approach of token forwarding: in every round each node broadcasts some particular token it knows. They prove matching Ω(n2) lower bounds for a natural class of token forwarding algorithms and an Ω(n log n) lower bound that applies to all token-forwarding algorithms.
 We use network coding, transmitting random linear combinations of tokens, to break both lower bounds. Our algorithm's performance is quadratic in the message size b, broadcasting the n tokens in roughly d/b2 * n2 rounds. For b = d = Θ(log n) our algorithms use O(n2/log n) rounds, breaking the first lower bound, while for larger message sizes we obtain linear-time algorithms. We also consider networks that change only every T rounds, and achieve an additional factor T2 speedup. This contrasts with related lower and upper bounds of Kuhn et al. implying that for natural token-forwarding algorithms a speedup of T, but not more, can be obtained. Lastly, we give a general way to derandomize random linear network coding, that also leads to new deterministic information dissemination algorithms.


Taking Capsicum annuum L.cultivar'Shijihong'as test material,a mixture of triple peat contained one time pearlite and vermiculite as control.The basic physical and chemical properties of mixed substrates with corn straw as the major component were determined,the effects in pimiento plug seedling were investigated.The results showed that the growth indices of plant under treatments T2(corn straw∶vermiculite=2∶1)and T5(corn straw∶pearlite=2∶1),including seeding shoot height,main root length,relative growth rate,leave number,dry and fresh weight,seedling index and G value,were significantly higher than those of other treatments.However,the volume density,total porosity,seedling dry matter content and ratio-shoot ratio of treatment T2were better than T5.In short,the result of treatment T2(corn straw∶vermiculite=2∶1)was the best in all the treatments.


Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences and therapeutic effect of femal infertility caused by prolactinemia.Methods:Prolactine(PRL) was perfomed on serum from 640 patients with female infertility and 270 with health women,the two results of PRL were compared,the clinic cases were observed after bromoeriptin therapy.Results:The results showed that 240 of them had hyperprolactinemia(37.5%) and statistically significant differences among the two groups(P0.01).the PRL was lower and therapeutic effect was better by bromocriptine therapy.Conclusions:The study showed that hyperprolactinemia was one of the leading causes of infertility.It was very important for infertility to examine PRL.


Along with the development of city,the city construction of aesthetic culture has been paid more and more attention to. Taking Xuzhou as an example,this paper does concrete analysis of the inheritance of traditional mainstream culture in the construction of aesthetic culture and the creation of folk culture in Xuzhou city,concluding that we should inherit the traditional mainstream culture as well as develop the folk culture from the perspective of jointly constructing the mainstream culture and folk culture.


Quality online teaching resources can provide a guarantee for realizing an online teaching goal,but its update is a difficult problem to need be resolved urgently.Through analyzing its characteristics including resources design stage and learning stage.Discussing the related monitoring with teaching resources in the monitoring process of online teaching.The update flow of teaching resources was given.Proposing association strategy and classification strategy for dynamic update and adjustment of online teaching resources.


The article analyzes the peculiarities of the information-network economy influence on the employment nature. Also there are examined the main issues appearing in the sphere of socio-labour relations and requiring the transformation of institutes and regulation in terms of the information networks developing.


Water sustains California. Although it is the nation's most populous state with the sixth largest economy in the world, it is also an arid state with an average annual rainfall of 23 inches. California must actively manage its water not only to nourish its population, agriculture, and industry, but also to preserve its environment. California's Senator Dianne Feinstein recently said, ''...the energy crisis we are now experiencing in California foreshadows what could happen with water if we fail to plan ahead...the population has now grown to 34 million and is projected to reach 50 million by 2020. We must act now to ensure an adequate water supply for our state.'' By 2020, if no extraordinary water management actions are undertaken, the difference between demand and supply is estimated to be between 2 and 6 million acre-feet per year. This estimation is from the latest ~1998! California water plan update. California's water needs are being reevaluated with extensive public input in Update 2003, discussed below. Although the actual value of the difference is arguable, almost all will agree action must be taken now to avoid large differences in the future. This editorial discusses the actions California has undertaken and plans to undertake to avoid significant water-supply shortages in the future and advocates for a continuation of a strong and cohesive vision by leaders in the state and federal governments and by key water stakeholders so funding can be obtained to make the vision a reality. Without a shared sense of purpose and direction, funding will evaporate, actions will be fragmented and incomplete, and California will be facing severe water shortages in the future.


In this paper, seven new species of the Phyllocoptini (Acari: Eriophyidae: Phyllocoptinae) from China are described and illustrated. They are Calvittacus swidanus sp. nov. on Swida macrophylla (Cornaceae); Vasates desmodius sp. nov. on Desmodium sp. (Fabaceae); Epitrimerus nyingchicus sp. nov. on Cotoneaster ambiguus (Rosaceae); Calepitrimerus painus sp. nov. on Rhododendron sp. (Ericaceae); Calepitrimerus cotoneaster sp. nov. on Cotoneaster buxifolius (Rosaceae); Phyllocoptruta deutzianus sp. nov. on Deutzia sp. (Saxifragaceae) and Phyllocoptruta smilanus sp. nov. on Smilax sp. (Liliaceae). All the eriophyoid mite species described here are vagrants on the undersurface of host leaves.


It would appear that aerated silica gel of the type used is not entirely inert in rats since there appears to be a significant change in the body associated with its continued administration. A comprehensive investigation of chronic oral toxicity of aerated silica gel seems necessary before its oral use can be approved.


We propose a new limited feedback scheme for the downlink of multiuser MIMO OFDM systems based on fixed linear beamforming, i.e. the linear beamforming vectors are chosen from a fixed transmit codebook. The proposed feedback method allows the base station to uniformly approximate all multiuser rates for any selection of users and any combination of beamforming vectors defined by the transmit codebook; thus providing all degrees of freedom for the user selection. The approximation of the multiuser rates is enabled by using an additional codebook for the feedback. This has several advantages: the transmit codebook can be designed independent of the feedback codebook, the accuracy of the approximated rates can be scaled by changing the size of the feedback codebook and the feedback codebook can be adapted to the environment. We show how feedback codebooks can be designed for arbitrary environments using the LBG algorithm. Moreover, we show how the computational complexity of the proposed feedback method can be reduced without a significant performance loss. In the simulations we demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other methods within the LTE context.


............................................................................................................................ i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................. iii PRELIMINARY NOTE ...................................................................................................... iv INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1 FRAMEWORK OF THE RESEARCH .............................................................................. 9 Chapter 1 SUSTAINABLE CARTOGRAPHY ................................................ 11 1.1 Scientific and Cultural Dimensions of Cartographic Representations ........................ 13 1.2 Canonical Assessments of Sustainability in the Built Environment ........................... 25 1.3 Sustainable Orientalism .............................................................................................. 33 1.4 First World Dreams in the Twenty-First Century ....................................................... 43 Chapter 2 EMERGING LANDSCAPES ........................................................... 49 2.1 The Scale and Magnitude of Emerging Landscapes ................................................ 51 2.2 The Hybridization of Rural, Emerging, and Metropolitan Landscapes ................... 59 Chapter 3 MEXICAN CONTEXT ..................................................................... 65 3.1 Historical Representations of Human Landscapes in Mexico .................................. 68 3.2 The Contemporary Dispersion of Human Landscapes in Mexico ............................ 78 3.3 A Bioregional Approach to Contemporary Mexico .................................................. 84 Chapter 4 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................ 89 4.1 Triangulation Methodology ........................................................................................ 91 4.2 Grounded Theory ........................................................................................................ 93 4.3 Interpretive Analysis Methodology .......................................................................... 101 4.4 The Representation of Three Ecological Landscapes ............................................... 104 4.5 Visual Methodology ................................................................................................. 105


A printed circuit board (PCB) assembly task requires that a set of components be picked from their respective pickup locations and then be placed at their respective placement locations on the card being assembled. An automated assembly machine consists of a robotic arm which performs such an assembly task. The overall assembly time depends on two different decision variables: (i) the pickup locations of the components, and (ii) the sequence in which the pickup and placement of components is performed. In this paper we develop a technique based on integer programming to determine optimal values of both the decision variables. Since such a technique is computationally intractable, we also obtain near optimal solutions-that are computationally tractable-using the techniques of: (i) minimum weight matching for determining an optimal assignment of pickup locations, and (ii) traveling salesman problem for determining an optimum sequence of pickups and placements. Finally, we use simulations to compare the saving in overall assembly time using the techniques developed here and some of the techniques that are currently in use in industrial settings.


The theoretical preswitching temperature, resistivity, and current-density distributions within the thin-film device were obtained from the solution of the transient two-dimensional heat equation. The results of the computer simulation, obtained for the case where conductivity is dependent on both temperature and electric field, show that current crowding occurs at the center of the device and that thermal runaway develops in a few tens of nanoseconds for voltages above a critical value. A simulated conductive irregularity forces the filament to nucleate away from the center and closer to or at the inhomogeneity. The excellent agreement between the experimental data and the simulation lends support to the idea that the fundamental switching mechanism is thermal in nature. >


The promotion and development of modern agriculture is not only the need for advanced technical resources and high-quality factor , but also need for reform and innovation of the institutional arrangements.In this paper, the author analysed some institutional barriers,such as China's rural land contracting rights, credit, allocation of resources, agricultural production cooperative organizations and human capital formation which the development of modern agriculture is currently facing.And then, the author proposed corresponding reform measures.They are useful reference for getting rid of those obstacles to the development of modern agriculture.


Quick clay is known to be a hazard in formally-glaciated coastal areas in, e.g., Norway, Sweden and Canada. The properties of quick clays are reviewed in order to find a suitable, integrated and multi-disciplinary approach to accurately identify the occurrence of quick clay and map their extent both vertically and laterally. As no single geophysical method yields optimal information, one should combine a variety of methods with geotechnical data for an in-depth quick clay assessment of a given site. Such integrated approach allows moving towards a 2D or pseudo-3D site characterization for quick clays. The integrated approach is applied in practice on two Norwegian quick-clay sites. The collected data and preliminary site characterization will illustrate the high diversity of quick-clay grounds as well as the complexity related to an integrated approach.


Metal blanking is awidely used process in high volume production of sheet metal components. The Research work is carried out for investigating the effect of potential parameters, influencing the blanking process and their interactions. This helped in choosing the process leading parameters for two identical products manufactured from two different materials blanked with a reasonable quality on the same mold. The study has helped to evaluate the influence of tool clearance, sheet thickness and sheet material thus optimizing clearance which affects other process parameters. The designs of experiments (DOE) approach by Taguchi method is used in order to achieve the intended model objectives. Design of experiments are an efficient and cost effective way to model & analyze the relationships that describe process variations.This thesis deals with the issue of the accurate prediction of blanked edges and will therefore focus on the optimization of clearance. This research paper presents a method for optimum clearance prediction of sheet metal blanking processes by using "Design of Experiment".


Superordinate to first-person pronouns,self-addressing terms play an important role in communication.This paper examines the types of self-addressing terms and their referring functions in both Japanese and Chinese.


Left ventricular failure was produced in dogs by inducing mitral insufficiency and the cardiac muscle was examined for ultrastructural changes in thsese failing hearts after 5-10 months of mitral insufficiency. The left ventricular failure was established by haemodynamic measurements, chest X-ray and examination of the heart. In the failing heart, the increased number of mitochondria showed close approximation with the sarcolemmal membrane in the T-tubules as well as in the intercalated discs (ID); this is in contrast to what is seen in normal hearts, where T-tubules were mostly coupled with sarcoplasmic reticulum. It is possible that in the heart failing on account of mitral insufficiency mitochondria may be taking over the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Although ID were jumbled up in the failing heart, the intercellular gap and specialized membrane junctions (gap and tight junctions, desmosomes) were quite comparable to normal, indicating that intercellular communication at ID in this type of heart failure is probably maintained. Nuclear chromatin in the failing heart was condensed and lined the inner nuclear membrane. Microbodies with a single limiting membrane were frequent and so were lipofuscin granules. The latter could be an end product of degenerative mitochondria. Golgi bodies in the failing heart were also present in locations away from the nucleus.


This research had as an objective to analyze the communication on the internet directed to distinct genders, as a form of direct marketing strategies appropriated to the profile of each segment . Four starting points were the bases that sustained this research: a) social values, which involve a scale of variables linked to the context in which the individual is inserted. This also is applied to social and cultural influences; b) life and time factors, which which influence the ways as how men and women use their time;c) synthesizer dynamics, where we analyze the capability of processing information, and; d) communication patterns that point to different patterns and expressions in communication. The data collection, with a quantitative focus, was realized through a structured on-line questionnaire, reaching a sample, with a reliable margin of 95%. The participants in the study were selected through social communities of online . The results obtained showed that differences of perception exist between men and women regarding communication on the Internet and they highlighted that women were more aware of the lack of information provided on Internet sites and most of the men spent very little time on sites that did not provide sufficient information and did not go back to these sites.


Transmission for motor vehicles, with a housing (1), in which a shift rail (2) arranged for controlling switching elements, characterized in that the switching rail (2) is formed so that (along a moving direction of the shift rail (2) a fixing screw 14) can be screwed into the selector shaft (2) to lock in a tow state movement thereof optionally, wherein the fixing screw (14) and (in the towing state of the transmission through a housing opening 10) of the housing (1) thereof in the housing ( 1) arranged end (in the shift rail 2) can be screwed, and (with a control sleeve 13) which is concentric (the fixing screw 14) (in the case opening 10) can be screwed, and the screw (14), wherein the adjusting bush (13) up to an end stop in the housing (1) is screwed and the control sleeve (13) in this end stop position a stop for the movement of the shift rail (2) in a position forms, in which the switching rail (2) shifts the transmission into a neutral position.


Subsidies play a vital role in the economy of a country as they ensure equitable utilization of the resources for the people. Subsidies are a part of a comprehensive plan towards the essential goal: feeding more people. At the same time subsidies are not without consequences as they have reported to have led to the deterioration of resources which otherwise would not have been so had the farmers made to use the resources without subsidies. This paper tries to bring out the importance to agricultural subsidies by the world nations and India in particular over the years. Apart from showing whether subsidies have resulted in the deterioration or over exploitation of resources, the paper also lists out the cross border effects of subsidies. It also shows that the subsidies have led the governments to compromise on the need of public investments. The paper recommends that there is an urgent need to put into effect an expenditure switch from subsidies to investment to lift Indian agriculture from its current stagnation. The most alarming aspect of the surging subsidies is not the size, but the manner and purpose of spending on them. Subsidies provided in India suffer from both inclusion error (wrong kind of people benefiting) and exclusion error (deserving people left out of subsidies). It recommends that three Ts are important to make subsidies efficient: transparent, targeted and temporary. It also recommends that subsidies need to be differential for rain-fed and perennially-irrigated farms. The amount of subsidy must also be inversely propositional to increase in the size of land holding.


Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are growing more and more complex due to the availability of cheap hardware, sensors, actuators and communication links. A network of cooperating CPSs (CPN) additionally increases the complexity. This poses challenges as well as it offers chances: the increasing complexity makes it harder to design, operate, optimize and maintain such CPNs. However, on the other side an appropriate use of the increasing resources in computational nodes, sensors, actuators can significantly improve the system performance, reliability and flexibility. Therefore, self-X features like self-organization, self-adaptation and self-healing are key principles for such systems. Additionally, CPNs are often deployed in dynamic, unpredictable environments and safety-critical domains, such as transportation, energy, and healthcare. In such domains, usually applications of different criticality level exist. In an automotive environment for example, the brake has a higher criticality level regarding safety as the infotainment. As a result of mixed-criticality, applications requiring hard real-time guarantees compete with those requiring soft real-time guarantees and best-effort application for the given resources within the overall system. This leads to the need to accommodate multiple levels of criticality while ensuring safety and reliability, which increases the already high complexity even more. This thesis deals with the question on how to conveniently, effectively and efficiently handle the management and complexity of mixed-critical CPNs (MC-CPNs). Since this cannot be done by the system developer without the assistance of the system itself any longer, it is essential to develop new approaches and techniques to ensure that such systems can operate under a range of conditions while meeting stringent requirements. Based on five research hypothesis, this thesis introduces a comprehensive adaptive mixed-criticality supporting middleware for Cyber-Physical Networks (Chameleon), which efficiently and autonomously takes care of the management and complexity of CPNs with regard to the mixed-criticality aspect. Chameleon contributes to the state-of-art by introducing and combining the following concepts: - A comprehensive self-adaption mechanism on all levels of the system model is provided. - This mechanism allows a flexible combination of parametric and structural adaptation actions (relocation, scheduling, tuning, ...) to modify the behavior of the system. - Real-time constraints of mixed-critical applications (hard real-time, soft real-time, best-effort) are considered in all possible adaptation conditions and actions by the use of the importance parameter. - CPNs are supported by the introduction of different scopes (local, system, global) for the adaptation conditions and actions. This also enables the combination of different scopes for conditions and actions. - The realization of the adaptation with a MAPE-K loop instantiated by a distributed LCS allows for real-time capable reasoning of adaptation actions which also works on resource-spare systems. - The developed rule language Rango offers an intuitive way to specify an initial rule set for LCS in the context of CPS/CPNs and supports the system administrators in the process of rule set generation.


72:103–109. DeLisa, J. A., and N. Walsh. 1999. Are we overlooking the needs of the disabled? Acad Med 74:8. Engel, G. 1977. The need for a new medical model: A challenge for biomedicine. Science 196:129–136. Kuczewski, M. 2001. Disability: An agenda for bioethics. The American Journal of Bioethics 1(3):36–44. Silvers, A., D. Wasserman, and M. B. Mahowald. 1998. Disability, difference, discrimination: Perspectives on justice in bioethics and public policy. Oxford: Rowman & Littleaeld.


Abstract: Responding to audience expectations about female characters' scarcity, the filmmakers of four popular adaptations of Hamlet—Laurence Olivier (1948), Franco Zeffirelli (1990), Kenneth Branagh (1996), and Michael Almereyda (2000)—attempted to enhance Ophelia's character. By providing additional scenes and denser mise-en-scène, they tried to give the character greater agency.


Copper(I) oxide (Cu2O) with cubic cuprite structure is known as an intrinsic p-type semiconductor. Cu2O is used as a solar cells material because it has 2.1 eV band gap and high optical-absorption coefficient (~10 cm). Cu2O is often used in connection with n-type ZnO to fabricate p-n junction solar cells. In this case, -oriented Cu2O is favorable considering the lattice match with {0001} plane of wurtzite ZnO, giving high permeability of light in the crystal. Potentiostatic electrodeposition of Cu2O from aqueous solutions containing lactic acid and hydrated cupric salt has been reported [1], where orientation of the electrodeposited Cu2O seemed to depend on the pH. For instance, -oriented Cu2O was electrodeposited at −0.344 V vs. SHE from a weak base (pH 9.5), while -oriented Cu2O was electrodeposited at −0.344 V and −0.644 V from a strong base (pH 12.5). In addition, galvanostatic electrodeposition of Cu2O from an aqueous solution containing lactic acid also suggested pH dependence on Cu2O orientation together with current-density dependence [2]. However, as far as we know, the pH dependence of the orientation of electrodeposited Cu2O has not been studied in detail. In this study, we electrodeposited Cu2O from aqueous solutions containing lactic acid and hydrated copper(II) acetate. pH and/or cathode potential dependence of the preferred orientation was examined. pH was ranged from 9.5 to 12.5, while the cathode potential was controlled between −0.167 V and −0.644 V. The orientation of the obtained Cu2O was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku RINT2000) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Keyence VE-7800). At −0.344 V, electrodeposited Cu2O from pH 9.5 and 10.0 solution oriented and those from pH 10.5, 11.5 and 12.5 solution oriented (see Fig. 1). Notably, even from pH 9.5 and 10.0 solution, we obtained -oriented Cu2O below −0.492V. Previous study has suggested that preferred orientation of Cu2O can be explained qualitatively by considering the elementary formation rate CuOH (v(CuOH) = k[Cu ][OH]) proportional to current density, where lower v(CuOH) gives orientation, while higher v(CuOH) gives [2]. Therefore, the orientation obtained below −0.492 V from pH 9.5 and 10.0 solution should result from increased current density due to lowered cathode potential (about 2.0 mA cm for −0.492 V and about 0.11 mA cm for −0.314 V). The SEM images of -oriented and -oriented Cu2O are shown in Fig. 2. The grains of -oriented Cu2O were square pyramidal in shape, while those of -oriented Cu2O were tetrahedral. Based on given thermodynamic data [3], we drew E-pH diagram of water-Cu-lactic acid (see Fig. 3(a)). According to the E-pH diagram, when pH > 8, Cu ion hydrolyzes and precipitates as hydroxide (Cu(OH)2). However, in our experiment, Cu2O was electrodeposited without any precipitation such as Cu(OH)2. This implies that the stability regions for cupric lactate complexes of some kind are larger. The XRD results are indicated in Fig. 3(b), which exhibit that -oriented Cu2O can be electrodeposited even from pH 9.5 solution by lowering the cathode potential. [1] K. Mizuno et al., J. Electrochem. Soc., 152, C179 (2005). [2] T. Shinagawa et al., Cryst. Growth Des., 13(1), 52 (2013). [3] R. M. Smith et al., Critical Stability Constants, Vol. 5, First Supplement, (Plenum Press, NewYork, 1982), p.291.


Introduction: Cultural diversity in health education has been identified as a point of interest and discussion for curriculum review and proposition of more inclusive models. Goals: to understand how an undergraduate nursing course of a private institution develops practices and organizes teaching from the perspective of respect for cultural diversity in primary care. Methods: Qualitative case study, based on the documentary analysis of the pedagogical project of the course, in two stages: initially, the general text of the PPC was analyzed with the Iramuteq software to observe the general model of teaching management; also performed direct verification of the text of the menus of disciplines related to environment, health and society, after definition of categories of analysis, and units of registration. The theoretical framework was the DCN specific to the nursing course, the emerging contexts of multicultural relations, and leininger's cross-cultural theory. Results: Iramuteq revealed three classes, profile of the graduate (35.9%); course organization (36.2%); skills and abilities (27.9%), which define an institutional profile open to change but with vertical and technical management. The direct analysis of the menus confirmed insufficiency in the cross-cultural approach. Among 160 UC verified, in the theoretical-practical cycle, forty-two (26.2%) had an incomplete approach. In the supervised stage (ninth period), only four UC were found, and two (12.5%) mentioned cultural diversity. Conclusions: The analysis demonstrated a partial or insufficient curricular approach to human rights, ethnic-racial relations, and Afro-Brazilian and indigenous culture in primary health care. It is necessary to broaden the academic reflection on cultural diversity in primary care to propose a new revision of the PPC of the course. Documental analysis associating direct verification with software-mediated is more effective to guide curriculum reviews.


The gravitational potential of a binary system is described by the Roche model where each star dominates the gravitational potential inside regions called Roche lobes.The two Roche lobes meet at the inner Lagrange point along the joining of the two stars. Figure 1 shows equipotential surfaces in the orbital plane for a binary system. As may be seen from Fig. 1, there are five equilibrium points( i.e. ∇φ = 0) three of which i.e., L1,L2,L3,are along the line centers. Two are peripheral to the masses and lie as the critical points along equipotentials that envelope both stars. two other points ,i.e., L4,L5 lie opposite to each other, perpendicular to the line of centers. These are quasi-equilibrium points for which local orbits are possible because of coriolis acceleration. If either star fills its Roche lobe, matter will stream from the Roche lobe filling star through the inner Lagrange point to the other star in a process known as Roche lobe overflow(RLOF). This actually occurs before the photosphere reaches the Roche lobe radius in the absence of magnetic fields or other constrains on the mass flow. This mass transfer affects both the evolution of the components of the binary as well as the binary properties such as orbital period and eccentricity. Roche lobe overflow can be triggered by the evolution of the binary properties or by evolution of the component stars. On the one hand, the orbital separation of the binary can change so that the Roche lobe can shrink to within the surface of one of the stars. On the other hand, stellar evolution may eventually cause one of the stars to expand to fill its Roche lobe. When both stars in the binary are main-sequence stars, the latter process is more common. Since the more massive star will evolve first, it will be the first to expand and fill its Roche lobe. At this stage, the mass exchange can be conservative (no mass is lost from the binary) or non-conservative (mass is lost). Depending on the details of the mass exchange and the evolutionary stage of the mass-losing star there are several outcomes that will lead to formation of a relativistic binary. The primary star can lose its envelope, revealing its degenerate core as either a helium, carbon-oxygen, or oxygen-neon white dwarf, it can explode as a supernova, leaving behind a neutron star or a black hole, or it can simply lose mass to the secondary so that they change roles. Barring disruption of the binary, its evolution will then continue. In most outcomes, the secondary is now the more massive of the two stars and it may evolve off the main sequence to fill its Roche lobe. The secondary can then initiate mass transfer or mass loss with the result that the secondary also can become a white dwarf (WD), neutron star (NS), or black hole (BH). The relativistic binaries that result from this process fall into a number of observable categories. AWD-MS or WD-WD binary may eventually become a cataclysmic variable once the white dwarf begins to accrete material from its companion. If the companion is a Main Sequence star RLOF can Davood Manzoori Department of Physics, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P. O.Box. 179, Ardabil Iran 8


(57) Abstract: The present invention exopolysaccharides degrading enzyme, the enzyme composition may degrade the exopolysaccharides, and particularly reduction or removal of biofilms on surfaces, and to the prevention of biofilms formed on the surface . More specifically, the present invention provides an aqueous (water retention system, fluid system) decreased biofilms on the surface of, removal and / or for the prevention, enzymes and / or enzyme compositions (at least one exo the use of containing polysaccharide degrading enzyme). Furthermore, the present invention provides a bacterial strain producing exopolysaccharides degrading enzymes, and to exopolysaccharides degradation enzyme prepared from freshly isolated strains of Streptomyces. Specifically, it exopolysaccharides degrading enzyme of the present invention is a cholanic acid-degrading enzyme.


Currently ultrasonic B-scan images combine many acoustic properties and imaging system parameters to form the image. It may, however, be advantageous to image acoustic properties individually or in select groups to obtain a more direct interpretation of the results. This report describes two methods of quantitative ultrasonic imaging which we are pursuing. The two methods are: single-feature parametric imaging and multi-feature tissue-type imaging. Trade-offs among contrast, noise, and spatial resolution using computer simulations and phantom measurements are discussed.


Abstract The announcement in March 2006 of UK Government plans to modify the 1983 Mental Health Act is the latest attempt to update the laws by which individuals experiencing mental illness may be detained against their will in England and Wales. This proposal is the most recent in a long succession, dating back to 1998, whereby the Government originally set out to comprehensively revise existing legislation. The present paper analyses the policy process and substance surrounding these developments and the associated delays. An analytical framework combining claims-making and reception with Lindblom's 'disjointed incrementalist' conception of policy-making is developed and applied. While claims-making is implied within much of the literature, there is little explicit discussion of how claims based around risk and need are articulated and moreover received by policy-makers. Focusing on claims made by interest groups, the media, and parliamentary reports, the incorporation or preclusion of claims in government bills is explored. The indifference of Government to needs-based claims, yet that these claims have been made by such influential bodies as the Royal College of Psychiatrists, has resulted in rhetorical rather than substantive changes to previous proposals, the Government's latest, incrementalist approach, and the muddling of proposed legislation.


The kinetic oxidation of ascorbic acid; vitamin C; (H 3As) by Potassium dichromate ( 22 7 Cr O ) has been investigated spectrophotometrically at � = 360 nm in aqueous and in the presence of 10 mM of both an anionic surfactant sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (AOT) and cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) at pH = 8 and temperature = 25 o C. The reaction followed first-order kinetics with respect to [H 3As] and [ 22 7 Cr O ]. The k obs values are found to be independent on pH values lower than pH = 6 and higher than pH = 9. Increased cationic CTAB concentration found to increase k obs values whereas those of AOT decrease the k obs values. The effect of added anions, such as chloride, bromide, and iodide has been studied and discussed. The activation parameters ΔH * and ΔS * were also evaluated.


There is provided a remote access control method and system, and a recording medium used. The method is performed on at least one peripheral device connected to the network of the plurality of monitors, the method comprising: if an event occurs to change the at least one peripheral device, the monitor changing a file system in the peripheral device; monitor is about information transmission system to change file server; displaying information about the changed file system; server control command information about the file system shown in accordance with the received, and transmits the control command to the monitor; monitor and receive a control command in accordance with the operation of the control command and the operation result to the server; and a server is operated according to the operation result received from the monitor.


The diffusion of CO 2 molecules on a reduced rutile TiO 2(110)-(1×1) surface has been investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The STM feature associated with a CO 2 molecule at an oxygen vacancy (VO) becomes increasingly streaky with increasing temperature, indicating thermally activated CO 2 diffusion from the VO site. From temperaturedependent tunneling current measurements, the barrier for diffusion of CO 2 from the VO site is estimated to be 3.31 ± 0.23 kcal/mol. The corresponding value from the DFT calculations is 3.80 kcal/mol. In addition, the DFT calculations give a barrier for diffusion of CO 2 along Ti rows of only 1.33 kcal/mol. © 2011 American Chemical Society.


A growing concern about the health of the world oceans resulting from multiple stressors as for instance effects of climate change and increasing offshore activities leads to the need of better observational tools and strategies. The objective of the NeXOS project is to serve those needs by developing new cost-effective, innovative and compact integrated multifunctional sensor systems for ocean optics, ocean passive acoustics, and an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries (EAF), which can be deployed from mobile and fixed ocean observing platforms, as well as to develop downstream services for the Global Ocean Observing System, Good Environmental Status of European marine waters and the Common Fisheries Policy.


The design of electrode with high volumetric performance in energy storages still remains as a significant challenge because it simultaneously requires a high packing density of active materials for high energy density and a conductive porous structure for facile charge transfer. Here, a novel assembly process is introduced for thin‐film anodes for Li‐ion battery with a high volumetric energy density and rate performance by systematically controlling the interfacial structure between metal‐oxide nanoparticles and/or metal clusters. For this study, oleic‐acid‐stabilized Fe3O4 nanoparticles are layer‐by‐layer assembled with small organic molecules through a ligand exchange reaction, which enable a high packing density. During layer‐by‐layer deposition, periodic Pt‐sputtering onto multilayers significantly reduces the internal resistance of the electrodes but maintains the nanopores formed among the nanoparticles. The resulting anode exhibits an extremely high volumetric capacity of ≈3195 mA h cm−3 and rate performance, which are far superior to that reported for Li‐ion battery anodes. Additionally, all components in the electrodes have a stable covalent bond network between the metal atom and the amine group of organic molecule linker, allowing good cycle retention. This approach can be widely applied to the fabrication of various nanoparticle‐based electrodes, enabling maximum charge storage performance in confined volumes.


The right undersdanding of sliding friction force and static friction force is stressed by an explaination about a typical topic.


We consider the future of cloud computing and ask how we might guide it towards a more coherent service we call sky computing. The barriers are more economic than technical, and we propose reciprocal peering as a key enabling step.


In this study we observed the changes of immune functions in 43 patients with breast cancer done radiotherapy after radical operation.The results showed that the total count of WBC and the absolute count of lymphocytes(LYC),subpopulations(TC,BC)and subgroups(Tr,Tu)of lymphocytes all decreasfd, and the response of LYC to PHA also decreased in the patients during therapy and at end of therapy,especially decreased obviously during therapy. The WBC,LYC,TC,BC and Tr in the patients with recurrence or metastasis all were lower than those in the patients with no recurrence or metastasis,and more lower than those in healthy individuals.The cellular immune functions in the patients during therapy,at end of therapy and within 3 month after therapy all presented a inhibiting effect.The changes of above-mentioned immune parameters have important value for judging the prognosis of the patients with breast cancer.


As a counterwork for preventing phage growth in industrial L-glutamic acid fermen tation, the screening of effective chemical agents was carried out. Of the sixty chemicals such as surface-active agents, antibiotics, organic acids, dyestuffs and others, citrate, oxalate and trior tetrapolyphosphate showed the selective inhibition for phage growth . The concentrations of these chemicals required to inhibit phage growth were 5 x 10-2 M for citrate or oxalate, and 0.140 for trior tetrapolyphosphate, respectively. Application of these selected chemicals to L-glutamic acid fermentation resulted in the complete inhibition of phage growth without affecting on L-glutamic acid production. These results show that the addition of citrate, oxalate, sodium trior tetrapolyphosphate to the medium is a promising mean for preventing phage infection in the plant.


In a 1996 article in the American String Teacher, James Kjelland asked an important question: "Where have all the string teachers gone?" In the article, Kjelland stated, "Th e shortage of string teachers is a major topic of concern today, and the long-term solution would be to recruit more string education majors to our colleges" (Kjelland, 1996, p. 91). Th is solution has been echoed by other researchers examining the string teacher shortage in K-12 schools (Gillespie & Hamman, 2002; Smith, 1997). Th ere has been little focus, however, on where string teachers go when they leave the profession, and what implications this migration and attrition may have on the profession as a whole. Th erefore, a possible follow-up question to the one posed by Kjelland may be: Where do all the string music teachers plan to go? In a recent survey of ASTA members who identifi ed their primary occupation as teaching in the K-12 schools, string teachers were polled about their future career plans for the following year as well as in the next fi ve years. Of the nearly 3,000 members of ASTA teaching in a K-12 school, 304 string teachers responded.


Abstract Alkyl aryl ketones on treatment with SiCl4/urea–hydrogen peroxide (UHP) or SiCl4/iodosylbenzne reagent systems afforded α-chloroketones in excllent yields, while ketones with higher enol content provide exclusively α,α-dichloroketones under exceedingly mild conditions. The reaction proceeds via the initial formation of silyl enol ethers. A polarized chlorine intermediate that resulted from the coordination of SiCl4 with the in situ formed trichlorosilyl hypochlorite Cl3SiOCl is thought to be the active chlorinating agent.


INTRODUCTIONCareer and professional developments vary with the individual practitioners and the day to day challenges of fulfilling core responsibilities. Librarians recognise the importance of career development for achieving both personal and professional goals as well as the contributions to the success of libraries in which they work (Martorana et.al, 2004). Therefore, they have developed different on-the-job training models suitable to effectively nurture professional development. Some commonly used Continuing Professional Development (CPD) models are workshops, seminars, conferences, professional institutes, one-on-one training, job exchanges, coaching, mentoring and self-directed study (Trainer, 1989). Many of these programmes deserve greater attention in developing countries such as Nigeria. Mentoring as a CPD programme for librarians in the university libraries has received little attention. Researchers have thus suggested mentoring for the purpose of assessing potential career directions, setting long term goals and enhancing leadership skills (Martorana, 2004). Besides, most of the evaluation studies on librarianship have focused on users' services, facilities and job satisfaction directed at specific objectives. The assessment of information organisation and database managers is essential and complementary to human resource training because they sustain effective resource organisation and retrievals in the library systems. Few studies have examined and evaluated the perception of cataloguer librarians on the use mentoring in libraries. Therefore, this study presents complete survey on the opinions of catalogue librarians on the use of mentoring in Nigerian academic libraries. In addition to an earlier exploratory study published by the authors, this study presents a more comprehensive data from a larger number of university libraries. The paper has broad discussions. The survey re-validates preliminary study and presents additional findings that may be of benefit to the professionals in developing countries. The research questions focus on the state of mentoring in Nigerian universities libraries; a) Do catalogue librarians in Nigerian university libraries practise mentoring? b) Which mentoring programmes are practiced by catalogue librarians in Nigerian university libraries? and c) What are the assessments of catalogue librarians' mentoring programmes in Nigerian university libraries?LITERATUREMentoring helps mentees to improve particular career areas and explore their potential in development areas yet untapped as well as acquaint them with the organisation if newly hired (Triple Creek, 2009). Mentoring has been acknowledged orient younger librarians in the field as well as address diverse questions of mid-career librarians (Martorana et.al, 2004). A study on the effect of coaching and mentoring on librarians in Makerere University, East Africa by Nassali (2009) reveals that through guidance over procedural obstacles and challenges, new librarians' opinion changed from perceiving LIS as desert profession to seeing it as more challenging. The respondents afterwards developed love for the profession and became proud librarians.Mentoring has been affirmed to challenge mentees' thinking, increase selfawareness, improve mentees' ability to create relationships which sustain business, and nurture an independent and confident spirit (Clutterbuck & Abbott, 2009). It is therefore significant to explore the mentoring opinions of cataloguers for development. Supporting mentoring needs for cataloguers is also borne of the fact that student's and employer's expectation for mastery of technical skill are unmet (Intner, 2002; Hall-Ellis, 2006; Hill & Intner; 2007). As more LIS graduates are being discovered to lack knowledge of even technical terms among others. Partnerships between cataloguers in libraries and LIS educators to mentor in support of cataloguers' skills development and training have been suggested. …


The development of paser recreational sports (final stage) as a new attraction in the Cacaban reservoir tourist attraction. Judging from the natural resources and characteristics of the Cacaban Reservoir, Tegal Regency, the recreational sport of Paser is very suitable to be raised and developed because it has the potential to make a new attraction in increasing tourist visits. The purpose of this research is to produce a product that did not exist before, so that it can be used as a reference in organizing Paser whether it is recreational or recreational sports activities. Paser is an event that can become a new attraction in Cacaban Reservoir. This research is an umbrella research that uses the Research and Development (RnD) method with a sequence of research stages which are divided into three major stages, consisting of several implementation procedures, namely: 1) Initial stage, 2) Advanced stage, and 3) Final stage (selected focus in this article). The results of this development research indicate that the results of the second stage product expert test scores from the experts can be concluded that the Paser stage II recreational sports book product has an average score of 3.45 which is included in the "Very Eligible" category. The conclusion in this study is the development of recreational sports Paser has the potential to be a new attraction in the Cacaban Reservoir Tourism Object, Tegal Regency.


DOI: 10.21276/sjmcr.2018.6.2.5 Abstract: Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a rare genetically determined disease characterized by cutaneous and mucosal blistering secondary to minor trauma. The recessive form presents the greatest oral alterations leading to microstomia, ankyloglossia, vestibule obliteration and multiple decayed teeth associated to poor oral hygiene. The aim of this article is to describe the specific clinical manifestations of a patient diagnosed with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa as well as dental treatment difficulties including the measures that dentists should adopt in order to provide an effective treatment and improve the patient's life quality.


Recent Refereed Publications • "Portable Medical Records Accessibility and Privacy of Multi-cultures", (Ruijian Zhang), Proc. The 2007 CAFIC & IAICS International Conference, June 2007. • "A Cargo Transportation Security Tool", (Ruijian Zhang), Proc. The 2006 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics (2006SOLI), June 2006, pp. 12-17. • "Enhance Data Mining Techniques Using Genetic Programming and Symbolic Regression", (Ruijian Zhang), Proc. The 11 World Congress of International Fuzzy Systems Association, Vol. 1, Fuzzy Logic, Soft Computing, and Computational Intelligence, July 2005, pp. 515-519. • "Portable Medical Records Accessibility", (*Ruijian Zhang, Rebecca Medley, Pranay Jauhri, Debra Schwartzman, Willian Obermeyer, Evelyn FitsGerald), Proc. 2005 ACM SIGPLAN Mid-Atlantic Student Workshop on Programming languages and Systems, April 2005, pp. 8.1-8.7. • "Using Constructive Induction to Enhance the Predictive Accuracy of the C5 Machine Learning Environment", (Ruijian Zhang), Proc. The 2004 International Conference on


An overview will be given about recent developments in Solid State Lighting Technologies, with an emphasis on inorganic LEDs. The paper will end with an outlook.


This note presents a method of reduction for the solution of the eigenproblem in structural dynamics using a modification of the dynamic condensation method. The proposed modification substantially reduces the number of numerical operations required in the application of the method and still provides accurate solutions for the higher modes of the system. This modification is presented after a brief discussion of the static condensation method and a review of the original dynamic condensation method.


This paper presents an intelligent predictive PI temperature control using particle swarm optimization - real coded genetic algorithm (PSO-RGA) for transfer molding modules in semiconductor die packaging machines. The system parameters of the transfer molding process are obtained by using the well-known reaction curve method. The best control parameters of the PI controller are offline tuned by using PSO-RGA algorithm. The set-point tracking, disturbance rejection, and robustness capabilities of the proposed method are well exemplified by conducting simulations and experiments on a real transfer mold process.


ABSTRACT This article explores how deafblind Australian Sign Language (Auslan) users, who communicate through an alternative range of modalities including tactile (hands) and kinetic (body movement) inputs, manage turn transitions. Studies of deafblind communication have typically employed a signal-based approach. In contrast, this article applies broader Conversational Analysis (CA) frameworks, which have been developed based on interlocutors who primarily rely on auditory-vocal and visual resources but have been productively applied to a range of languages, participants, and settings. Through fine-grained analyses of a single case study, this article examines how tactile Auslan signers orient to the relevance of turn transitions at possible completion points. The research illuminates the mechanics of how tactile Auslan signers negotiate turns and advances our understanding of both the analytical potentials of CA and the ways particular deafblind Auslan signers coordinate sequences, actions, and multimodalities in their interactional choreography. Data are in tactile Auslan.


Hardt and Negri's Empire is to welcomed for, among other things, introducing a distinctive Marxist voice into the debate about globalisation, but it is seriously weakened by its claim that interstate conflict is being supplanted by the impersonal, decentred network of Empire. Tarak Barkawi and Mark Laffey in `Retrieving the Imperial' rightly criticise the apologetic tendencies in Hardt and Negri's analysis, though they argue that International Relations as a discipline fails sufficiently to attend the imperial, conceived as a transnational dimension of domination and competition. The point is well-taken, but they are mistaken in claiming that an American-dominated `international state' is in process of constitution. The world of imperialism, as it was portrayed by Lenin and Bukharin during the First World War—an anarchic struggle of unequal rivals—still exists, with the United States as first among unequals.


Magnesium is proving itself as a new generation metallic biomaterial which has the natural ability to biodegrade itself due to corrosion when made to interact with human tissues along with aqueous body fluid to treat, improve or replace anatomical elements of the human body. Magnesium based implants serves as temporary scaffold when they are placed in vivo and vitro which acts as temporary support for the part to be healed and was found that the healing took at a faster rate. After a deep search studying and observing different study work it was found that these implants were physiologically compatible, nontoxic, cytocompatible and stimulates bone growth with other favorable characteristics. Magnesium based alloys are very much helpful in different structural body parts such as orthopedic, dentistry, cardiovascular, craniofacial, otorhinology. Main concentration of this review was to discuss some of the more commonly available and frequently used methods for development of bio implant materials and their strengthening mechanism. This review work puts a light on the summary of magnesium based material development for different biomedical applications, with their biocorrosion behavior with advantages, weaknesses and characteristics, as well as a biological translation for these results. This will help the new researchers, scientists, scholars to find a better light material as bioimplant which are in them biodegradable and reduces the pain of secondary surgery. Copyright © 2018 VBRI Press.