The number of attacks against computer systems is steadily increasing. Network administration personnel often have a wide variety of response measures against these attacks at their disposal. In previous work, a methodology was introduced for efficiently assessing the effects of countermeasures on network resources before their actual application and thus determining the most appropriate response. Building on this, we now propose a method of dynamically weighting the metrics used to evaluate the different responses. Instead of a fixed linear combination of metrics we introduce Pareto optimal combinations of the individual metrics and the combined cost measure. This allows a more flexible way of emphasizing the importance of individual metrics in different situations. The methodology was prototypically implemented in CoCoViLa, a powerful simulation engine for visually specified optimization problems.


Service-oriented design concept is adopted for integrated information platform(IIP) of reservoir dispatching with energy-saving,efficiency-enhancement.Reservoir dispatching automation system will be enriched and expanded due to this system's development,Also it is in favor of hydropower resources and clean energy better utilized.The latest information integration styles,multi-tier software structure and electricity generation models are combined with IIP to implement dispatch operation.Study on this platform is conducive to further development of reservoir dispatching automatic system,and will provide references to information integration of automatic system and development of intelligent reservoir dispatching.


GCM-derived climate differences between the last glacial maximum (LGM) and thepresent day play a strong role when used as forcing in ice sheet models in determiningkey glaciological predictors, such as ice volume, ice sheet surface area andthe timing of maximum ice volume. Given this strong dependence, the role of climateforcing on the results of ice sheet models warrants close examination. Using theECBILT/CLIO coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice model we have generated climatedata spanning the period from LGM to present day at 200 yr resolution. The atmosphericcomponent of this model generates the ice sheet model forcing and is a T21,3 level, quasi-geostrophic model. Time dependent forcing for ECBILT/CLIO modelconsists of changes in ice sheet elevation and albedo, solar insolation, and the concentrationsof greenhouse gases. The climate data generated in this manner is thenused in anomaly mode from the present day as a high temporal resolution forcing inthe ice sheet model. This procedure generates an ice sheet history more in agreementwith the geomorphological evidence than when generated using simple two time slice(LGM and present day) climate forcing using GRIP ice core data to interpolate climatestates over a glacial cycle. To examine the specific effect of the role of ECBILT/CLIOderived climate forcing for the ice sheet model, model results are presented using reducedtemporal resolution forcing and also using linear interpolation instead of GRIPdata.


This paper studied the cement efficiency factor (k factor) of high calcium Class F fly ash. This k factor represents a unit of fly ash with efficiency equivalent to k unit of cement. The high calcium Class F fly ash was used to replace cement in concrete. The modified Bolomey`s law with linear relationship was used for the analysis of the result of compressive strength, cement to water ratio (c/w) and fly ash to water ratio (f/w) by using the multi-linear regression to determine the k factor and other constants in the equations. The results of analysis were compared with the results from other researcher and showed that the k factor of high calcium Class F fly ash depends on the fineness of fly ash, replacement level and curing age. While the amount of CaO content in Class F fly ash not evident. Furthermore, necessary criteria and variables for the determination of the k factor including the use of the k factor in concrete mix design containing fly ash were proposed.


A certain mathematical model of a multi-machine power system, which is suitable for transient stability studies and allows for machine damping, is Bhown to satisfy the generalized Popov criterion, within a limited range. Hence it is possible to use a systematic method to construct a Lur'e-type Liapunov function for the system. The Liapunov function obtained in this paper contains damping terms whose weight can be adjusted by a variable parameter. The variation will have corresponding effects on the estimates of the system's stability region.


Recommender systems have been introduced to help consumers navigate large sets of alternatives. They usually lead to more sales, which may increase consumer surplus and firm profit. In this paper, we ask whether firms may hurt consumers when they choose which recommender systems to use. We use data from a large scale field experiment ran using the video-on-demand system of a large telecommunications provider to measure the price elasticity of demand for movies placed in salient and non-salient slots on the TV screen. During this experiment, the firm randomized the slots in which movies were recommended to consumers as well as their prices. This setting readily allows for identifying the effects of price and slot on demand and thus compute consumer surplus. We find empirical evidence that consumers are less price elastic towards movies placed in salient slots. Using the outcomes of this experiment we simulate how consumer surplus and welfare change when the firm implements several recommender system, namely one that maximizes profit. We show that this system hurts both consumer surplus and welfare relative to the systems designed to maximize the latter. We also show that, at least in our setting, the system that maximizes profit does not generate less consumer surplus than some recommender systems often used in practice, such as content-based, lists of most sold, most rated and highest rated products. Yet, how much extra rent the firm can extract from strategically placing movies in salient slots is still a function of the popularity and quality of movies used to do so. Ultimately, our results question whether recommender systems embed mechanisms that extract excessive surplus from consumers, which may call for better scrutiny.


I deal with the impact of the pregnancy on the inner world of the parents – the mother and father as a whole person rather than the objects of the child's phantasies – from a psychoanalytic perspective. In the tradition of S. Freud, M. Klein and W. Bion we look at the "inner reality" of the parents and the reorganisation of the inner objects as a conscious and unconscious preparation for parenthood. Their cathexis of the body and archaic images of their mothers' body will influence their image of the "imaginary baby". As case examples, I present narratives of two couples about their experience of pregnancy and parenthood and of an autobiographic report of a mother who had a miscarriage.


A lot of university graduates can't be successful in one time and more or less bound to be employment frustration in the social background of increasingly severe employment situation.From psychological reflections of employment frustration of undergraduate,the paper analyzes the subjective and objective reasons of employment psychological frustration,and puts forward some countermeasures for university students.


In ancient times,it was very important to praise heroes,and it was also very urgent to cultivate heroes. So the adult ceremony of males should be themed with how to foster heroes in specific place and at particular time. This situation of the national survival and people's lives became a preferred subject among excellent poets,which could both spread knowledge and win popularity for those heroes. The overall planning,characters arrangement and verbal expressions in the epic Odyssey displayed Homer's success with his unique artistic charm in interpreting the process of how adult Telemachus be a hero,which left rich historic materials and a typical case for future generations to study.


Four samples of thermal spray coatings, each made from different core wire consumables by twin wire arc spray, were exposed for 18 months in a coal-fired boiler environment. The tests are described and the performance of each coating is evaluated. Results indicated that the four consumable wire alloys showed remarkable resistance to fly ash erosion and corrosion over the period of the test.


Gastric emptying was obtained in 19 patients operated upon with parietal eel] vagotomy (PCV) without pyloroplasty. As test meals were used saline and 10% glucose solution respectively. The emptying tests were performed preoperatively, one month, six months, and one year after surgery. Gastric content and meal remaining 10 minutes after the instillation of saline and 30 minutes after the instillation of glucose solution were estimated. Both gastric content and meal remaining of the saline meal were significantly less one and six months postoperatively but one year after PCV there was no significant difference compared with preoperatively, a fact which gave the impression of a normalization of the gastric emptying of the saline. Gastric content and meal remaining of the glucose solution were significantly less at every test occasion after PCV compared with preoperatively. When volume emptied, i.e. gastric secretion and meal, was calculated, this volume was significantly larger at all saline tests as well as...


A compact high efficient inductive power transfer (IPT) topology based on pulse position control is proposed for wireless charging of electric vehicle. Near-field wireless charging is efficiently achieved by the resonance-enhanced IPT technique. The system sustains high power transfer efficiency under contingency in misalignment of pickup coil and load variations. The performance evaluation of the proposed system under the occurrence of anticipated perturbation in load and mutual inductance is studied numerically. Experimental results from the developed prototype corroborate the theoretical and simulated results discussed in the proposed study.


In the teaching practice of sightsinging and ear training, music reading training is an important part. While in music reading training , ability of the height, length of tone should be grasped, and rhythm, intonation and understanding and performance of music should be solved first in students' music reading training. Therefore, I am talking about how to do music reading training from several above sides with my own teaching practice.


Cavenagh, Donovan and Drapal (2005) gave a construction for 3-homogeneous latin bitrades which was proved by Cavenagh (2006) to give every 3-homogeneous latin bitrade. A corollary is that every 3-homogenous latin bitrade may be partitioned into three disjoint transversals. Using a permutation representation for latin bitrades developed by Drapal, we provide a shorter proof of these results, and then give a construction for a family of separated 4-homogeneous latin bitrades.


(57) Abstract: A method for producing a touch panel, the coated glass substrate has resistance layer (50), the conductive edge electrode pattern (54) and the conductive wire trace patterns (56,58,64,68) is is applied to the resistive layer (50), the conductive edge electrodes (54) is electrically insulated from the conductive wire traces (56,58,64,68), and boundary protective insulating layer edge electrodes (54) and wiring traces (56 , it is applied over the 58,64,68). Coated glass substrates of the resistive layer (50) on one surface (52), the pattern of the edge electrodes on the resistive layer (50) (54), the resistive layer (50) on the wiring trace pattern (56, 58, 64, 68), the groove of the resistive layer (50) in between the wiring trace pattern (56,58,64,68) and the edge electrode pattern (54), the edge electrode pattern (54) and wiring traces (56, 58 manufacturing method for a touch panel having a boundary protective insulating layer, over 64, 68).


The association between malignancy and dermato-/polymyositis has been largely described and confirmed by numerous epidemiological studies. The temporal relationship between the two pathologic conditions can vary: malignancy may occur before, at the same time or following the diagnosis of myositis. Myositis debut requires a doctor of high vigilance in terms of the likelihood of developing cancer. The article presents the clinical features of paraneoplastic myopathies and clinical observation.


Decreasing k1 factors require improved empirical models for full-chip OPC treatment. We have investigated the improvement in calibrating experimental data using a vector thin film compared to a scalar optical model. This optical model was first compared to a commercially available resist simulator with good results. In the OPC tool used, the predicted aerial image is further modified by a variable threshold process model describing resist effects. A number of parameters in the optical portion of the model were varied to improve the final fit including focus, sigma, diffusion, pupil apodization, spherical aberration, and thin film stack parameters. It was found that the goodness of fit for the entire model (optical + process) was significantly improved (for both scalar and vector models) when diffusion and apodization were employed. The goodness of fit for the vector model was quite sensitive to stack parameters, especially the index and absorption values of both the resist and BARC. A preliminary optimization using the vector model resulted in a fit at least as good as that for the scalar model, and slightly better in defocus.


The transition of rural surplus labor is a key problem in the development of economic society in China. Starting with the basic situation of rural surplus labor, the paper: reconfirms the essence of transition of rural surplus labor; lays stress on restricting factors, points out appropriate measures such as accelerating the construction of small towns; suggests the development of town-level enterprises; promotes agricultural development; and calls for the transfer of labor to big cities and abroad as deemed appropriate.


Part 1 Sensors in analytical chemistry: analytical chemistry at the turn of the XXI century analytical information what is a sensor? sensors and the analytical process types of sensors general features of (bio)chemical sensors (bio)chemical sensors and analytical properties commercial availability trends in sensor development. Part 2 Fundamentals of continuous-flow (bio)chemical sensors: definition classification the active microzone flow-through cells continuous configurations regeneration modes transient signals measurement modes the role of kinetics requirements for proper sensor performance. Part 3 Flow-through sensors based on integrated reaction and detection: flow-through sensors based on an immobilized catalyst flow-through immunosensors flow-through sensors based on an immobilized reagent flow-through sensors based on an in situ produced reagent. Part 4 Flow-through sensors based on integrated separation and detection: integrated gas diffusion and detection integrated liquid-liquid separation and detection integrated retention and detection flow-through sensors for multideterminations based on integrated retention and detection ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) and ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs). Part 5 Flow-through sensors based on integrated reaction, separation and detection: integration of gas-diffusion, reaction and detection integration of dialysis, reaction and detection integration of sorption, reaction and detection.


This paper presents the research on the atmospheric corrosion rates of carbon steel, zinc and copper in Chongqing, which was a corrosion subprogram of an international project, Regional Air Pollution in Developing Countries. We performed field exposure tests of carbon steel, zinc and copper at an urban site Guanyinqiao and a rural site Tieshanping inChongqing, then used grey relational analysis, based on the database of the whole corrosion project, to determine the order of the effect of environmental factors on corrosion rates of tested metals, and established dose-response functions for these three metals. The results showed that the two crucial agents of acidic environment, SO2 and H+, were common factors that contributed most to the corrosion of the tested metals. The established dose-response functions for outdoor carbon steel and zinc are proved applicable to use in Chongqing, but the function for copper needs further modifying. We employed these dose- response functions and general environmental data to elaborate the maps of corrosion rate respectively of carbon steel and zinc by geological information system (GIS) technique which help to identify areas of high corrosion damage risk. An acceptable annual average SO2 level of 21 μg/m3 for carbon steel and that of 61 μg/m3 for zinc are also put forward to control the air pollution impact on atmospheric corrosion in Chongqing urban areas.


Stroke rehabilitation focuses on reducing impairments and functional disability. Regaining functionalindependence in stroke patients in order to participate in usual self-care and daily activities as independentlyas possible in the final aim. .For this New treatment approaches to enhance recovery are been tried outglobally. Implementing this requires timely understanding of disease in order to decide right approach.Clinical decision making for correct assessment strategies will largely influence appropriate treatmentstrategies. It is therefore necessary to find out evidences for understanding traditional strategies and learnnewer skills for treatment


According to historical sources during second Gepidic occupation of Pannonia Secunda, along with capital Sirmium, Cibalae was second most important stronghold, the most western one. Finds of urban degradation, new types of dwellings and intra muros burials, along with continuity in pottery workshops proves the life continuity in 5th and 6th century. This paper presents general picture of historical and archaeological sources with emphasis on some small finds and selected pottery types.


The defects within optical gap of the amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) before and after bias temperature stress (BTS) are studied using in situ photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. After applying positive BTS, the TFT threshold voltage (Vth) increased, and intensity of deep-level PL emission peak at 1.82 eV became stronger. The exact opposite is observed when negative BTS is applied. Both the 250-nm bulk a-IGZO film and 50-nm channel region TFT show the same PL peak locations of 3.35 and 1.82 eV. From the measured results and density of state model of a-IGZO, the radiative recombination between electrons trapped in oxygen-related acceptor-like states and holes in the valence band is responsible for the deep-level PL emission. This method of measuring the PL response within the TFT channel region could be used as a tool to evaluate the quality of a-IGZO TFT manufacturing processes.


Electrochemistry studies reduction-oxidation reactions, or reactions that involve transfer of an electron, with a particular emphasis on the reactions occurring at the interface between the electrode and the solution. Multiple electrochemical techniques can provide valuable insight into the thermodynamic properties of analytes and their chemical mechanisms. Extensive efforts have been invested into developing a quantitative description of the dynamics of electron transfer and ensuing mass transport where the analyte itself can undergo direct reduction/oxidation on the surface of the electrode. However, more complex cases where a redox-active analyte requires one or more redox-active mediators to transfer an electron to/from the electrode received less attention. Additional complexity may arise from the kinetic limitations of such multi-step reactions and the inherent nature of electrochemistry: it relies on the detection of electric currents, which report on the rate of a chemical process, while often focusing on the thermodynamic properties of the analyte, which represents equilibrium conditions. This conundrum requires a balance between detectability (fast processes) and accuracy (slow processes). Therefore, in most cases electrochemical studies are conducted under pre-equilibrium conditions.


The aim this research are to identify the most common morphological process through word formation  found in the lexical of English Internet slang, and to identify the most common type of shift of meaning used by netizen on social media.The research Methodology applied in this research is descriptive qualitative-textual analysis (Bhawna & Gobind (2015) and Smith (2017). The data sources are taken from facebook, twitter and teenage English Slang that are selectively chosen on the basis of criteria.The Theory of English Internet Slang taken from Crystal (2003, 2005,  2011, 2013), Gua and Dai (2019). The research findings are:No Morphological process 72% , derivation  consisted of  16%, Compounding 4%, Coinned 4%, Clipping 4%. Whereas  the type of semantic changes, mostly  narrowing consists of 78%, The words that do not change the meanings are 28%. It is recommended for further reseach which is still open for semantic field, especially under the discussion on figurative meaning Tujuan peneltian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi proses morfologi yang paling banyak ditemukan di dalam pembentukan kata internet slang berbahasa Inggris,  dan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis pergeseran makna yang paling banyak digunakan dalam kata  internet slang berbahasa Inggris. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan yaitu descriptive qualitative –textual analysis dari (Bhawna & Gobind (2015) and Smith (2017). Teori Internet Slang Berbahasa Inggris yang digunakan dalam penelitian berasal dari Crystal (2003, 2011, 2013), Gua dan Dai (2019).Temuan penelitian ini yaitu: tidak terjadi proses morfologis 72%, derivation  consisted of  16%, Compounding 4%, Coinned 4%, Compounding 4%. Sedangkan jenis perubahan semantik, yaitu: narrowing yang terdiri dari 72%, Makna kata yang tidak mengalamii pergeseran, yaitu 28 %. Peneliti merekomendasikan untuk penelitian selanjunya  yang  masih terbuka terutama di bidang semaantik dalam pembahasan makna figurative


The company also has a number of ongoing R&D projects, including a collaboration with Zhengzhou University, into new varieties of alumina to extend its portfolio. Zili is presently developing a very dense type of tabular alumina for sliding gates as well as a microporous material for special applications. "We have already produced the microporous tabular alumina on an industrial scale and plan to conduct further comparative testing next year," [Elton Zhao] said.

sourcing the appropriate mineral grades. Zili currently sources its alumina from China, supplemented by some alumina powder from global aluminium producer Alcoa Inc. "We are looking for different sources of alumina in China, mainly from Guangxi, Henan and Shandong provinces," Zhao said.


Abstract The Hazard Ratio (HR) is a well-established treatment effect measure in randomized trials involving right-censored time-to-events, and the Cardiovascular Outcome Trials (CVOTs) conducted since the FDA's 2008 guidance have indeed largely evaluated excess risk by estimating a Cox HR. On the other hand, the limitations of the Cox model and of the HR as a causal estimand are well known, and the FDA's updated 2020 CVOT guidance invites us to reassess this default approach to survival analyses. We highlight the shortcomings of Cox HR-based analyses and present an alternative following the causal roadmap—moving in a principled way from a counterfactual causal question to identifying a statistical estimand, and finally to targeted estimation in a large statistical model. We show in simulations the robustness of Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (TMLE) to informative censoring and model misspecification and demonstrate a targeted learning analogue of the original Cox HR-based analysis of the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results (LEADER) trial. We discuss the potential reliability, interpretability, and efficiency gains to be had by updating our survival methods to incorporate the recent decades of advancements in formal causal frameworks and efficient nonparametricestimation.


Introduction. Transplantation is the one of the most challenging procedures of modern medicine. The kidneys, the liver and the heart are the most commonly transplanted organs. Aim. To evaluate the impact of selected social determinants: age, gender and education on the knowledge and attitudes regarding transplantation among Poles. Material and methods. The study involved 59 men and 141 women (200 respondents in total) in four age groups: 18-25 (127 people), 26-40 (44 people), 41-50 (12 people) and over 50 (17 people). Only 3 respondents had primary education, 87 had secondary education, and 110 – higher education. The anonymous survey used in the study consisted of closed single and multiple choice questions. The study was conducted between December 2015 and March 2016. Results. The level of knowledge on transplantation among Polish people is average. However, study results indicate general positive attitudes towards transplantation: a high percentage of participants reported willingness to become bone marrow and stem cell donors (38% of women and 24% of men) and organ and tissue donors to family members or friends (90% of women and 83% of men) or to a person they do not know (75% of women and 69% of men). The respondents also accepted organ donation from their deceased relatives (90% of women and 83% of men). Women were found to have generally better knowledge and more positive attitudes towards transplantation. Respondents in the oldest age group, 50 years and over, had the best knowledge on transplantation, yet their attitudes were the most negative. The education variable influenced both the knowledge and attitudes, however the vast majority of participants had secondary and high education, with only 3 participants having primary education. Conclusions. Actions aimed at increasing knowledge and awareness regarding transplantation should be focused on social campaigns, educational programmes and popular science programmes, which would be targeted at a wide audience and touch on issues related to donation, problems of people who await transplants or who underwent transplantation and the need to communicate one's consent or objection to organ donation. What is more, actions should be undertaken to increase the level of knowledge and empathy among the medical personnel. In particular, they should be trained to classify patients as organ donors, talk with donors' families and popularise knowledge on donation and declarations of intent. Further studies should be conducted for a more comprehensive analysis of the problem on larger samples including other determinants, such as marital status, place of residence, material status and social background. Results and conclusions of such studies might be crucial for further development of transplantation medicine and consequently lead to an increase in the number of transplantations performed in Poland.


Background: Kre6 is required for fungal β-1,6-glucan synthesis. Results: Genetic and protein-protein interactions between ER residents (Rot1, Keg1, calnexin cycle member homologues) and Kre6 are required for folding and plasma membrane localization of Kre6. Conclusion: Action of ER chaperon-like proteins is essential for β-1,6-glucan synthesis. Significance: Kre6 was identified as the first potential target of yeast calnexin homologue. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kre6 is a type II membrane protein essential for cell wall β-1,6-glucan synthesis. Recently we reported that the majority of Kre6 is in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but a significant portion of Kre6 is found in the plasma membrane of buds, and this polarized appearance of Kre6 is required for β-1,6-glucan synthesis. An essential membrane protein, Keg1, and ER chaperon Rot1 bind to Kre6. In this study we found that in mutant keg1-1 cells, accumulation of Kre6 at the buds is diminished, binding of Kre6 to Keg1 is decreased, and Kre6 becomes susceptible to ER-associated degradation (ERAD), which suggests Keg1 participates in folding and transport of Kre6. All mutants of the calnexin cycle member homologues (cwh41, rot2, kre5, and cne1) showed defects in β-1,6-glucan synthesis, although the calnexin chaperon system is considered not functional in yeast. We found synthetic defects between them and keg1-1, and Cne1 co-immunoprecipitated with Keg1 and Kre6. A stronger binding of Cne1 to Kre6 was detected when two glucosidases (Cwh41 and Rot2) that remove glucose on N-glycan were functional. Skn1, a Kre6 homologue, was not detected by immunofluorescence in the wild type yeast, but in kre6Δ cells it became detectable and behaved like Kre6. In conclusion, the action of multiple ER chaperon-like proteins is required for proper folding and localization of Kre6 and probably Skn1 to function in β-1,6-glucan synthesis.


This is the first review on the genus Tycherobius Bolland since its establishment in 1986. We studied characters of the genus, provide distribution and habitat information, and described four new species from Australia: Tycherobius stipula sp. n., from grasstree litter in Brisbane and wetsandy heath litter in Cooloola, T. australis sp. n., from forest litter in Brisbane, wet-sandy heath litter in Cooloola, T. acicula sp. n., from litter in African Mahogany plantation in Far North Queensland and T. elongata sp. n., from forest litter in Brisbane. We also give a key to adults of the genus.


BACKGROUND
The viviparous aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a serious threat to Lathyrus sativus L. (Fabaceae), commonly known as grass pea, crop yield. Synthetic insecticides are applied to control this insect pest, which are not safe to environment. Hence, it is necessary to find out volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from two cultivars [BIO L 212 Ratan (BIO) and Nirmal B-1 (NIR)] of L. sativus plants causing behavioral preference of A. craccivora.

RESULTS
The VOCs from undamaged (UD), insect-damaged (ID) [plants on which 50 or 100 adults of A. craccivora fed for 4 hr (ID 50 or ID 100)], and mechanically damaged (MD) plants were identified and quantified by GC-MS and GC-FID analyses, respectively. Total VOCs were higher in ID plants compared to UD plants of each cultivar. But, total VOCs were higher in NIR cultivar compared to BIO cultivar for either UD or ID plants. Benzyl alcohol was predominant in volatile extracts of all treatments. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, females showed preference towards volatile extracts of UD, ID, and MD plants of each cultivar compared to the control solvent (CH2 Cl2 ). Insects preferred certain synthetic blends comparable to volatile extracts of UD, ID, and MD plants of each L. sativus cultivar against the control solvent.

CONCLUSION
Females preferred a synthetic blend of benzyl alcohol, 1,3-diethylbenzene, thymol, and 1-hexadecene at ratios of 142.49 : 62.03 : 1.18 : 1 dissolved in 25 μl CH2 Cl2 in olfactometer bioassays, which could be used in developing lures to control this insect pest. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Abstract: Estimates of monopolistic markups are relatively scarce in the literature mostly due to lack of appropriate data and methodological difficulties, while their behavior has important implications for the conduct of monetary policy. We estimate the monopolistic markups in the Polish economy in the period 1995–2009 using firm-level data. We show that price cost margins are countercyclical with respect to the macroeconomic cycle and procyclical at the sectoral level and we associate these two effects with demand and supply driven shocks. We investigate the association of the markup level with the sectoral characteristics, type of good produced and the form of ownership, as well as show the impact of both internationalization and competitive pressure on the level of markups. The results of our study show a robust increase in markups after the accession of the Polish economy to the European Union in 2004.


Copper/silicon carbide composites (Cu/SiC) and copper/alumina composites (Cu/Al_2O_3) were fabricated by the powder metallurgy method. The influence of reinforcement particles contents on the relevant properties of the composites and the microstructure of Cu/SiC and Cu/Al_2O_3 composites were studied. The reinforcement effects of nano-SiC and nano-Al_2O_3 particles were compared. The experimental results show that with the increase of the amount of nano-SiC and nano-Al_2O_3 particles, the density of the both composites decreases, the resistivity increases, whereas the hardness increases firstly and then drops. The softening temperatures of the composites are above 700℃ which is far higher than that of the pure copper, leading to the improvement of the thermal stability of the composites at high temperatures. Considering all factors, the reinforcement effects of nano-SiC are better than those of nano-Al_2O_3 when their contents are the same in the copper matrix.


bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis) residue was subjected to steam explosion treatment to produce superior fibers for binderless boards.Then,lignin was isolated from extract-free bamboo meal,steam exploded pulp,and binderless boards with characteristics being determined by thermo-gravimetry (TG),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).Results showed that:1) the yield of lignin directly extracted with dioxane-water from steam exploded bamboo pulp(SEBPL) and binderless board (SEBBL) was higher than that of milled bamboo lignin (MBL).Also,the yield of SEBBL was lower than that of SEBPL.2) FTIR results showed cleavage of ester and ether bonds between lignin and p-coumaric acid during steam explosion treatment.3) SEBBL showed two glass transitions at 115℃and 200℃, while MBL gave one glass transitions at 155℃.And 4) the modulus of rupture(MOR) and modulus of elasticity(MOE) decreased with an increase in steaming time;whereas internal bonding(IB) increased.In all cases the dimensional stability of boards did not exceed the maximum requirements for type GB/T 11718- 1999.


In this paper we examine the growth of entire curves of lower order λ < 1. We give a precise estimate for the magnitude of the deviation of a (p–1)-dimensional vector from a fixed admissible system of vectors A, indexed in the sense of decreasing magnitudes of deviation. The hypotheses are the same as those in [7].


The TCP congestion control principle and source of dynamic routing protocols DSR are introduced,then the reason for the network congestion on Ad hoc network is analysed.On this basis,the way to increase the smallest congestion window properly is proposed which can improve the data throughput and the network performance of TCP.And taking the DSR routing protocol as an example,the results show its effectiveness compared with the simulation experiment.


With East Asian international relations in flux since the end of the Cold War, Japan's security role is critical in influencing the region's future. In this article, the author examines Japanese opinion leaders' attitudes toward relations with Asian countries, the U.S.-Japan security alliance, the role of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces, and Japan's culpability for the Fifteen-Year War of 1931-45. The four major contemporary security strands in Japan—pacifism, mercantilism, normalism, and nationalism—are analyzed. The author argues that normalism continues to rise in the post-Cold War era as the rightist conservatives (normalists) gradually gain predominance over the moderate conservatives (mercantilists).


This paper proposes a novel framework to encode time series data into two-dimensional (2-D) images, and aggregate the images into one single image to solve multiple time series classification problem. In this research, Gramian Angular Summation Field (GASF) and Gramian Angular Difference Field (GADF) were applied to encode time series into images. The proposed image aggregation method which appends multiple images into a single image is suggested. After transformation and aggregation, the 2-D images passed through a convolutional neural network (CNN), which is outstanding in solving computer vision problems, for classification. An open wafer dataset was used to validate the proposed method. The preliminary results of the experiments find that encoding time series data into images and aggregating the images by the appending method are helpful on increasing classification accuracy. The statistical test also showed that the proposed image appending is "order-free" on the sequences of 2-D images.


This paper discusses a multiscale stochastic stress analysis of a heterogeneous material via the stochastic homogenization analysis. In particular, a nonuniform microscopic random variation is taken into account in this paper. The influence of the nonuniformity on the random variation of the microscopic stresses is investigated. Monte-Carlo simulation or the first order perturbation-based stochastic homogenization method is employed for the analysis. The Coefficient of Variance (CV) of the microscopic stress is analyzed for several cases of nonuniform microscopic random variations. With the numerical results, influence of the nonuniform microscopic random variation on the CVs of the microscopic stresses is discussed. Also, applicability of the perturbation method to the analysis is investigated in comparison with the Monte-Carlo simulation


Besides cellulose, starch in terms of consumption figures constitutes the most important renewable raw material for paper manufacturing. In 1995, approx. 1.3 million tons of starch were processed in western European paper mills alone. Despite its impressive role in the paper industry, there are very few publications on starch which give a broad overview of its raw materials and its possible modifications in the context of its implications for the overall paper manufacturing process. The authors undertake a summary of the application differences of starches and the impact of these differences on papermaking. The starch products used in the wet end are described in terms of their raw materials, i.e. corn, potatoes, waxy maize, and of their modification processes. Starches for use in surface treatment and as coating binders are discussed under environmental aspects as well as with their potential modifications in starch plants or in paper mills. The starch products employed for surface treatment and coating purposes are also covered with regard to their effects in the wet end and on waste waters.


Abstract : The objective of this work unit is to provide technology on managing wildlife species and their habitats using ecosystem-based strategies. The emphasis is on methods that improve natural resources for a variety of species rather than single species. This note provides an overview of the characteristics of hedgerows and fencerows that allow them to function as wildlife habitats. It describes structural design, establishment, and management, as well as possible negative impacts caused by their use. Emphasis is placed on using native plant species rather than nonnative species to provide wildlife benefits on Corps lands.


Abstract In this paper, the process of bimetallic backward rod extrusion through a conical punch, by means of upper bound method and finite element method is investigated. An admissible velocity field is developed and then by calculating the internal, shear and frictional powers, the extrusion force is estimated. The extrusion process is also simulated by using the finite element code, ABAQUS. Analysis and simulations are done for two types of bimetallic rods: aluminium as core, copper as sleeve (Al-Cu) and copper as core, aluminium as sleeve (Cu-Al). The extrusion force from the upper bound method is compared with the finite element results. This comparison shows that the upper bound predictions are in good agreement with the finite element results. The results also show that, the extrusion force in the case of Cu-Al rod is smaller than Al-Cu rod and in both types of bimetallic rods, the aluminium leaves the deformation zone sooner than the copper. Finally the effects of various extrusion parameters, such as the friction factor, reduction in area and semi-punch angle upon the extrusion force are investigated and the optimum semi-punch angle is determined.


This study is conducted to comprehend the politicization of religion typology based on the use of Al-Qur'an language on the narrative of the politic in Indonesia. The politicization of religion is a widespread phenomenon among Indonesian people. Some political events in Indonesia cannot be separated from religious symbols, for example, conveying Al-Qur'an theorems to spread political agendas. Al-Qur'an, its communicative language characteristics, is frequently used as a mediator to spread particular narratives for power. This study uses a qualitative approach by gathering contents or narratives related to Al-Qur'an verses for a political power struggle in Indonesia. This study uses the linguistic method to see how the discourses of Al-Qur'an as a language of religion become a tool to build a social identity related to politics. The result of this study shows that Al-Qur'an can be a mediator in the spread of political narratives. Besides, the characteristics of the Al-Qur'an language, which tend to have communicative feel, can potentially be used as a political communication tool. This study has a contribution toward the development of politicization of religion typology through the Al-Qur'an language. Al-Qur'an and its user have a connection with various discourses and debates in particular contexts. Therefore, to comprehend an interpretation, it is essential to see the context and society's need when analysing a text.


We present a theoretical description of different types of accretion disks and jets near supermassive black holes (SMBHs) that can be observed in the (sub)millimeter wave band. Special attention is paid to the possible formation of the shadow of a black hole illuminated by an accretion disk or a jet. We suggest a simple criterion for identifying such a shadow in current and planned SMBH observations using very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). As an example, we propose a number of potential SMBH candidates satisfying this criterion for observations with the future Millimetron space observatory in the VLBI regime and with the Event Horizon Telescope.


Two ring cavity tunable erbium-doped fibre lasers are coherently combined by employing a Mach–Zehnder interferometer in the laser cavity. The combining efficiency is about 95% over the tuning range from 1530 to 1565 nm, which is further improved to be larger than 97% by moving the optical tunable filter from the common arm to the branch arm of the Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The proposed combining scheme is expected to exhibit the potential ability of efficiently combining lasers with different powers and even different output coupling ratios.


It is a main key for a country to cultivate creative personnel.The basic features and patterns of creative education are analyzed.The condition of the growth of the personnel,the basic features of the existing university teaching pattern and the problem are discussed.The contents and methods of establishing a new creative training teaching pattern is put forward.


We study the biogeography of small non-volant mammals in mesic montane sky islands of northern Venezuela. Fieldwork, examination of museum specimens, and critical use of literature yielded species lists for the Cordillera de Mérida, Cordillera de la Costa, Serranía de San Luis, and Cerro Santa Ana. Fieldwork confirmed the species known from Cerro Santa Ana and added 12 species for the Serranía de San Luis. Richness decreases with smaller area. Furthermore, the faunas are highly nested, with taxa dropping out at successive depressions. Species deviating from nestedness provide a signal indicative of in situ speciation in rodents but not in marsupials.


NPR jazz critic Kevin Whitehead frames his intended goals in writing Play the Way You Feel as "partly about jazz movies as a narrative tradition with recurring plot points and story tropes" (p. ix) as well as "how jazz and its people are regarded in American culture and how filmmakers depict jazz subculture" (p. xi). With a primarily chronological organization that works its way from the 1920s to the present in topical chapters, such as "Origin Stories," "Suffering Artists," and "The Jazz Musician (and Fan) as Character," the book is written as a guide for a jazz-loving but not necessarily academic audience. The deep knowledge of jazz film history in America Whitehead offers is impressive, but those topical threads prove difficult to track over 350 pages of prose for both scholar and layperson alike. The book's strength resides in the detailed knowledge Whitehead provides about the individual films on which his book focuses. Many of the films covered, particularly those from the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, are either obscure or lesser known. Whitehead's topics focus on the flaws and failings of the films' content, but his approach foregrounds their positive traits—or at least those elements worthy of a second look. This decidedly "kleinmeister" approach to music history, in which unknown works are highlighted as worthy of scholarly attention, is well-known in the musicological discourse, and this book would have benefited from addressing head-on the shortcomings of that approach. Yet it is Whitehead's treatment of film narrative that prevents the book from negotiating any larger considerations of his stated goals: "jazz movies as narrative tradition" or "how filmmakers depict jazz subculture." Whitehead's discussions of individual films offer play-by-play walkthroughs of the plot with occasional statements that nod to larger issues. He prioritizes detailed narrative summary over analysis. For example, in his discussion of St Louis Blues (1929), Whitehead states that "St. Louis Blues is a male director's woman's picture; the heroine suffers for our entertainment" (p. 7). Whitehead never explains what he means, nor does he thread that connection, tying it to later discussions. This specific point itself is buried in the middle of a paragraph and is situated as more offhand, unsupported aside than analysis. This approach to narrative summaries proves difficult to follow throughout the book. Whitehead is most concerned with the process of film adaptation and accuracy: what details from a jazz performer's life were excised, changed, or chronologically compressed to fit the film narrative. Whitehead peppers his text with anecdotes and offhand observations in search of a larger, unifying argument. Similarly, he occasionally draws connections between narrative, cinematography, and other elements of a production's mis-en-scène. But he fails to link them as part of the larger arguments he frames in the introduction. Especially in the later chapters, Whitehead jumps from detail to detail, when topic sentences would have helped the reader understand why those details are compelling or important. Snippets of dialogue from the selected films are occasionally


Part 1. Overview. Part 2. DNIC: physico-chemical properties and biological activity. Part 3. S-nitrosothiols: physico-chemical properties and biological activity. Part 4. Nitrite as a NO source in cells and tissues. Part 5. Dithiocarbamate iron complexes: implication for NO studies.


Aspects of screening and confinement are reassessed for a model with topological mass with the gauging of spin. Our discussion is carried out using the gauge-invariant, but path-dependent, variables formalism. We explicitly show that the static potential profile is the sum of a Yukawa and a linear potential, leading to the confinement of static external charges. Interestingly enough, similar results are obtained in a theory of antisymmetric tensor fields that results from the condensation of topological defects as a consequence of the Julia-Toulouse mechanism.


This paper proposes KT-ORAM, a new hybrid ORAM-PIR construction, to protect a client's access pattern to outsourced data. KT-ORAM organizes the server storage as a k-ary tree with each node acting as a fully-functional PIR storage, and adopts a novel delayed eviction technique to optimize the eviction process. KT-ORAM is proved to protect the data access pattern privacy at a failure probability negligible in N (N is the number of exported data blocks), when system parameter k = logN . Under the same configuration, KT-ORAM has an asymptotical communication cost of O( logN log logN · B) when the recursion level on meta data is of O(1) depth, which can be achieved if block size B = N ε (0 < ε < 1), or O( log 2 N log logN · B) when the number of recursion levels is O(logN). The costs of KT-ORAM are compared with those of several state-of-the-art ORAMs. The results show that, KT-ORAM achieves the best communication, storage and client-side computational efficiency simultaneously, at the price of requiring O( log 2 N log logN · B) computational cost at the storage server for each data query.


There are few growth studies evaluating within-season effects of N on vegetative growth and.N accumulation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Growth analysis of field-grown tomato for a number of Florida locations and management systems is presented here. Severe N stress resulted in fewer and smaller, but thicker, leaves. With increasing N, average leaf area index (LAI) increased from 0.75 to =3, but radiation use efficiency (RUE) typically increased less then 30%. Lower RUE under N-limited conditions reflected a decrease in N concentration of the most recently matured leaves from 40 mg g -1 to as little as 15 mg g -1 . Over the life of well-fertilized crops, leaf N concentrations dropped from 55 to 65 mg g -1 during initial growth to 20 to 35 mg g -1 at final harvest. Corresponding N concentrations for fruit and for stems were 30 to 35 mg g -1 and 15 to 25 mg g -1 . Severe N stress affected leaf and stem N concentrations most drastically, whereas N in fruits was less variable. With lower N supply (N < 180 kg ha -1 ) under careful management, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for field-grown tomato was 0.4 Mg fresh fruit (kg N) -1 and average crop N accumulation increased from 37 to 210 kg N ha -1 as N fertilization increased from 0 to 333 kg N ha -1 . As a fraction of the fertilizer N applied N fertilizer recovery ranged from 0.36 to 0.74 and 0.61 to 0.96 for drip-irrigated and subirrigated crops, respectively.


Demand response (DR) enables customers to adjust their electricity usage to balance supply and demand. Although commercial and industrial DR have been in use for decades, residential DR is still emerging. The goal of this paper is to design a DR scheme for residential customers. We consider households operating various appliances and propose a distributed DR scheme to manage the appliances to keep the total demand of the households below a certain limit. Customer preference is captured by utility functions which measure the customer's benefit or comfort obtained from running a particular appliance. The loss of comfort for customers in DR is minimized by maximizing the aggregate customers' utilities. The proposed residential DR scheme is fully distributed and customer privacy is protected in the DR process in terms of no appliance-level information being exposed. As one demonstration, we apply the proposed DR scheme at the distribution level to solve the distribution transformer overloading problem. An interesting rebound effect of DR which creates a new peak after the DR ends is observed in the simulation. We study the effect using a worst-case analysis and propose to add a protection period in the DR schedule to prevent the rebound effect.


In an increasingly complex business environment, companies need to reassess their strategic choices on a regular basis. However, companies are struggling to collect and efficiently interpret the relevant information on their business environment. Whereas market information is often analyzed, influences from the broader environment (e.g., society) are often neglected. This paper argues that companies often lack a systemic approach to their strategy development process, and that environmental influences are only considered selectively. We suggest that companies themselves need to be seen as systems that are embedded in a complex environment. To develop a successful strategic orientation, a systematic screening of the environment must be coupled with a thorough analysis of the firm's internal circumstances (e.g., competencies). Therefore, the paper proposes a holistic framework for conceiving companies as systems. Furthermore, we discuss how the scenario technique could support a systematic analysis of the company's environment. The paper also aims to provide practical guidelines for managers and contributes to integrating a systems thinking approach into strategy development.


Using a sample of 335 young adults and their parents, this study investigated the intergenerational transmission of marital attitudes from parents to their children and how parental marital quality moderates that relationship. Results suggested that the marital attitudes of both mothers and fathers are related to the marital attitudes of their children. Parents' marital quality had little direct impact on the marital attitudes of their young adult children but did moderate the relationship between fathers' marital attitudes and their young adults' marital attitudes. The association between fathers' marital attitudes and their children's marital attitudes increased at higher levels of marital quality.


In this paper, a nonpolynomial spline technique is applied to solve the ninth order linear special case boundary value problems. The end conditions are derived to complete the definition of a spline. Three examples are numerically illustrated to check the efficiency of the method. The comparative analysis shows that the proposed technique gives better results than the homotopy perturbation method and the modified variational iteration method.


In order to develop the "single window" mechanism in Russia, the article analyzes the foreign experience of its application. The analysis of foreign experience in the development and implementation of the "single window" mechanism has shown that the simplification of the customs control procedure not only in the EAEU, but also in many countries of the world, indicates the effectiveness of such a mechanism in terms of documentary control over goods and vehicles of international transportation. It is established that all authorized state regulatory bodies of foreign countries use a single platform for obtaining and processing data on goods and participants of foreign economic activity, which allows linking the work of such state bodies into an integrated system. Such platforms are DAKOSY (Germany), PortNet (Finland), UNI-PASS (Republic of Korea), TradeXchange (Singapore) and ORBUS (Senegal). It was noted that the introduction of the "single window" mechanism in all foreign countries was carried out in stages. In addition, significant funding was allocated from the public-private partnership to create such a mechanism. The problems hindering the development of the "single window" mechanism in the EAEU are identified. The directions of development of the "single window" mechanism are developed taking into account foreign experience. In particular, a model of information interaction within the framework of the "single window" of the Russian Federation is proposed.


Whitmore for research assistance. The opinions presented here are the responsibility of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Freddie Mac, or the Internal Revenue Service. All remaining errors are the responsibility of the authors. There is an earlier series of surveys done by the University of Michigan with sponsorship of the 1 Federal Reserve. However, these surveys were largely intended for purposes other than the measurement of the distribution of financial characteristics. This paper describes the construction of the analysis weights for the 1992 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF). The weighting procedures described here are a significant extension of those used by Kennickell and Woodburn [1992] for the 1989 SCF. The SCF sample is complex in a way that makes it very difficult to apply any of the standard methods of variance estimation, such as balanced repeated replication, without substantial assumptions and simplifications. Moreover, for disclosure reasons, it is not possible to release publicly the information about the sample that would be necessary to make these calculations. Here we develop a bootstrap procedure that mimics important dimensions of the original sample design to select replicates from the set of completed cases. For each of 1,000 such replicates, we compute a weight using all the steps involved in the calculation of the main analysis weight. To demonstrate the use of these weights, we estimate some key statistics of the distribution of household net worth and their associated confidence intervals. The next section of this paper gives a brief overview of the SCF, and the following section gives a summary of the sample design. Section III and the following section discuss the development of weights. One important goal of this section is to identify weak points in the weight construction in order to clarify the most important areas for further research. In the fourth section, we discuss the construction of the replicate weights for variance estimation, and as an example of how these weights can be used, we provide some estimates of the distribution of net worth along with some confidence intervals. A final section discusses our proposals for future work. at the University of Chicago has collected the data since that time. The SCF is intended to provide information on the financial characteristics of U.S. households. The questionnaire takes, on average, about 75 minutes to complete, though …


Objective: To compare the results of the preoperational 1H MRS with PET/CT, electroencephalogram(EEG) and postoperational pathology of the patients with temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE) and to determine the relative utility of the preoperational 1H MRS for the diagnosis and presurgical lateralization of temporal lobe epilepsy. Methods: EEG and PET/CT were performed in all of the 16 patients. 1H MRS was performed in 16 patients with TLE and 28 healthy volunteers. Signals from N-acetylaspartate(NAA), creatine(Cr) and choline-containing compounds(Cho) were observed. The focus of 3 patients was resected with the intraoperative monitoring of EEG and the pathological examination were performed. Results: Analysis demonstrated the difference of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and NAA/(Cho+Cr) among the abnormal side, contralateral side and control group had statistical significance (P0.05). On the basis of NAA/(Cho+Cr) ratio, lateralization was achieved in 14 cases. Bilateral abnormalities were showed in 11 cases with the ipsilateral side more severe than that of contralateral side. Unilateral abnormalities were showed in 5 cases. 1H MRS had a sensitivity of 87% for lateralization of seizure in TLE. Conclusion: 1H MRS could contribute to the location of seizure focus and detection of bilateral abnormalities, consisting with the findings of EEG and PET and pathologic alterations very well. 1H MRS is a useful noninvasive diagnostic technique for preoperational evaluation of patients with TLE who are eligible for surgery.


The invention concerns a process and electronic device for conveying regionally applicable radio information to a driver or passengers in a motor vehicle, both service programmes offered by local service providers and regionally applicable information data from transmitting stations being transmitted to the vehicle.


In this article, an efficient parallel implementation scheme of relational tables is proposed and evaluated. The scheme implements a relational table by employing an extendible multidimensional array. Data allocation is a key performance factor for parallel database systems. This holds especially for data warehousing environments in which huge amounts of data have to be dealt with. In our scheme, an efficient data allocation technique is used, based on the notion of extendible array. The dynamic load balancing is conducted when load on each processor is not uniformly distributed in order to maximize processor utilization.


Recent policy proposals call for setting up a benchmark indexed bond market to prevent "Sudden Stops". This paper analyzes the macroeconomic implications of these bonds using a general equilibrium model of a small open economy with financial frictions. In the absence of indexed bonds, negative shocks to productivity or to the terms of trade trigger Sudden Stops through a debt-deflation mechanism. This paper establishes that whether indexed bonds can help to prevent Sudden Stops depends on the "degree of indexation", or the percentage of the shock reflected in the return. Quantitative analysis calibrated to a typical emerging economy suggests that indexation can improve macroeconomic conditions only if the level of indexation is less than a critical value due to the imperfect nature of the hedge provided by these bonds. When indexation is higher than this critical value (as with full-indexation), "natural debt limits" become tighter, leading to higher precautionary savings. The increase in the volatility of the trade balance that accompanies the introduction of indexed bonds outweighs the improvement in the covariance of the trade balance with income, increasing consumption volatility. Additionally, we find that at high levels of indexation, the borrowing constraint can become suddenly binding following a positive shock, triggering a debt-deflation.


I. Jensen KM-E, Jorgensen JB, Mogensen P (1985): Reproducibility of uroflowmetry variables in elderly males. Urol Res 13:237-239. 11. Jorgensen JB, Jensen KM-E, Bille-Brahe NE, Mogensen P (1986): Uroflowmetry in asymptomatic elderly males. Br J Urol 58:390-395. 111. Jensen KM-E, Jorgensen JB, Mogensen P, Bille-Brahe NE (1986): Some clinical aspects of uroflowmetry in elderly males. A population survey. Scand J Urol Nephrol 20:93-99. IV. Jensen KM-E, Jorgensen JB, Mogensen P (1987): Relationship between urinary flow curve patterns and symptomatology in elderly males. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl 104:69-71. V. Jensen KM-E, Jorgensen JB, Mogensen P (1988): Urodynamics in prostatism. I . Prognostic value of uroflowmetry. Scand J Urol Nephrol 22:109-117 and [Suppl] 114:63-71. VI. Jensen KM-E, Jorgensen JB, Mogensen P (1988): Urodynamics in prostatism. 11. Prognostic value of pressure-flow study combined with stop-flow test. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl 114:72-77. VII. Jensen KM-E, Jfirgensen JB, Mogensen P (1988): Urodynamics in prostatism. 111. Prognostic value of medium-fill water cystometry. Scand J Urol Nephrol [Suppl] 114:78-83. VIII. Jensen KM-E, Jorgensen JB, Mogensen P (1988): Urodynamics in prostatism. IV. Search for prognostic patterns as evaluated by linear discriminant analysis. Scand J Urol Nephrol [Supplj 114:84-86.


The invention discloses a storage monitoring system. The storage monitoring system is higher in using rate. According to the technical scheme, the storage monitoring system comprises a warehouse body, a plurality of cameras are distributed on the warehouse body, the warehouse body comprises an unloading area, a large object area and a small object area, and is provided with a first conveying track, and the first conveying track comprises a feeding end, a discharging end and a large and small object sorting device; the feeding end is arranged in the unloading area, the large object area is divided into a large valuable object area and a large common object area, and the small object area is divided into a small valuable object area and a small common object area; the unloading area, the large valuable object area and the small valuable object area are each provided with a storage input scanning system, the numbers of the cameras distributed in the small object area and the unloading area are larger than the number of the cameras distributed in the large object area, the small valuable object area is provided with an automatic tracking spherical camera and a panorama camera, and a panorama camera is arranged in the large valuable object area.


Historically, open-source FPGA synthesis and technology mapping tools have been considered far inferior to industry-standard tools. We show that this is no longer true. Improvements in recent years to Yosys (Verilog elaborator) and ABC (technology mapper) have resulted in substantially better performance, evident in both the reduction of area utilization and the increase in the maximum achievable clock frequency. More specifically, we describe how ABC9 — a set of feature additions to ABC — was integrated into Yosys upstream and available in the latest version. Technology mapping now has a complete view of the circuit, including support for hard blocks (e.g., carry chains) and multiple clock domains for timing-aware mapping. We demonstrate how these improvements accumulate in dramatically better synthesis results, with Yosys-ABC9 reducing the delay gap from 30% to 0% on a commercial FPGA target for the commonly used VTR benchmark, thus matching Vivado's performance in terms of maximum clock frequency. We also measured the performance on a selection of circuits from OpenCores as well as literature, comparing the results produced by Vivado, Yosys-ABC1 (existing work), and the proposed Yosys-ABC9 integration.


Objectives. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that there was no measurable difference in academic performance in required or elective courses between off-campus nontraditional PharmD students and on-campus PharmD students. Methods. This retrospective analysis for academic years 1997-1998 and 1998-1999 employed raw course scores and course grades as primary outcome measures of academic performance. The course structure and content of the curricula for the on-campus post-bachelor of science doctor of pharmacy degree and the off-campus PharmD degree and the use of a standardized delivery method made it feasible to directly compare the course performance of students enrolled in the 2 programs without the confounding effect of the delivery method. Paired analysis and the general linear model were used to evaluate the study data. Results. Overall, the differences in academic performance between the study groups were not significant. For courses or years in which a significant difference was noted, the difference usually reflected a more positive performance by the off-campus PharmD students. Conclusion. While these findings cannot be generalized to every off-campus PharmD program or to all formats for course delivery, the results provide some level of confidence that pharmacy students in off-campus distance-learning programs perform at least as well as campus-based students enrolled in courses with the same delivery method, comparable course material, and the same outcome measures (course scores and grades).


Four different fresh and dried herb species (sage, thyme, mint and lemonbalm) were evaluated to study the effect of drying process on the total phenolics, antioxidant activity, flavonoid contents and color properties. Fresh mint had the highest contents of total phenolics (335.4 mg GAE/100 g), whereas lower levels were respectively found in sage (316.4 mg GAE/100 g) followed by lemonbalm (303.2 mg GAE/100 g) and thyme (299.2 mg GAE/100 g). Dry processing significantly decreased the phytochemical contents of all investigated herbs. Compare to air drying, total phenolics, antioxidant activity and flavonoids content in herbs decreased apparently by oven dried. Fresh mint had the highest antioxidant activity (87.46%) and flavonoids content (298.51 mg CE/100 g), while the fresh sage, thyme and lemonbalm were found to have antioxidant activity values of 86.81%, 86.56% and 85.26%, respectively. Results showed that air drying herbs contained more total phenolics, antioxidant activity, and flavonoids than oven drying herbs.
Keywords: herbs, drying process, antioxidant activity, flavonoids
DOI: 10.3965/j.ijabe.20150802.1496


To investigate whether the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters alterations in the in hypoxia‐related neuroanatomical localizations in patients after COVID‐19. Additionally, the relationship between DTI findings and the clinical severity of the disease is evaluated.


The idea of building power conversion systems around Power Electronic Building Blocks (PEBBs) was initiated by the U.S. Office of Naval Research in the mid 1990s. A PEBB-based design approach is advantageous in terms of power density, modularity, reliability, and serviceability. It is obvious that this approach has much appeal for pulsed power conversion including the International Linear Collider (ILC) klystron modulator application. A hierarchical control architecture has the inherent capability to support the integration of PEBBs. This has already been successfully demonstrated in a number of industrial applications in the recent past. This paper outlines the underlying concepts of a hierarchical control architecture for a PEBB-based Marx-topology ILC klystron modulator. The control in PEBB-based power conversion systems can be functionally partitioned into (three) hierarchical layers; system layer, application layer, and PEBB layer. This has been adopted here. Based on such a hierarchical partition, the interfaces are clearly identified and defined and, consequently, are easily characterised. A conceptual design of the hardware manager, executing low-level hardware oriented tasks, is detailed. In addition, the idea of prognostics is briefly discussed.


The October 1996 Gjalp eruption beneath Vatnajokull glacier led to one of the largest jokulhlaups (glacial floods) in Iceland in the twentieth century. A catastrophic discharge of meltwater and sediment swept across the Skeidararsandur flood plain to the sea. Tephra from the eruption consists of vesicular sideromelane shards with a basaltic andesite composition (53% SiO 2 , 3% MgO, 0.8% K 2 O). After the flood, sediment samples were collected from the flood plain and off the southeast coast of Iceland, where a major sediment plume had been created by the discharge. Compositions of glass shards from flood-plain and seafloor deposits do not match those of the Gjalp magma. Flood-plain samples consist primarily of blocky to poorly vesicular sideromelane clasts with compositions that are characteristic of Grimsvotn volcanic products (∼50% SiO 2 , 5.5% MgO, 0.4% K 2 O). Marine samples collected near the jokulhlaup outflow into the sea also consist primarily of blocky to poorly vesicular sideromelane clasts with compositions that are, for the most part, similar to products of the Grimsvotn volcanic center. Distal marine samples have more vesicular sideromelane clasts with compositions that are similar to products of the Katla volcanic center (e.g., 48% SiO 2 , 4.5% MgO, 0.8% K 2 O). Significant deposition to the seafloor was apparently limited to an area just offshore of the Skeidararsandur. There is no indication that juvenile volcanic material from the Gjalp eruption was carried by the 1996 jokulhlaup onto the flood plain or into the ocean. Instead, the jokulhlaup carried primarily older volcaniclastic material eroded by the flood.


In this study, relationships between body weight and testicular characteristics were investigated in Şavak Akkaraman rams. Measurements taken from 60 rams in 7 traditional breeding farms were subjected to variance analysis to determine effects of the ram's age and the farm, and correlations between traits were calculated. Live weight (LW) average in rams was determined as 74.74±1.33 kg. Scrotum circumference (SC), scrotum width (SW), scrotum length (SL), scrotum thickness (ST), scrotum-ground distance (SGD), right testicular length (RTL), left testicular length (LTL), right testicular diameter (RTD) and left testicular diameter (LTD) values were calculated as 32.98±0.28 cm, 11.27±0.11 cm, 19.11±0.28 cm, 0.597±0.20 cm, 26.30±0.41 cm, 14.31±0.14 cm, 13.91±0.14 cm, 7.15±0.07 cm, 6.78±0.07 cm, respectively. Positive and significant correlations were determined between the body weight of the rams and testicular characteristics, except for SGD measurement. Correlation coefficients between LW and SD (0.620), RTL and LTL (0.541 and 0.524), RTD and LTD (0.676 and 0.561) were high. This study is the first study to determine the relationship between body weight and testicular characteristics in Şavak Akkaraman rams. Due to the limited number of studies on Şavak Akkaraman rams; considering the correlation findings between testicular measurements and live weight, it can be said that morphometric testis measurement results can contribute to future studies as a preliminary information and a descriptive study.


Cancers belong to a group of disorders which are very important for researchers.  Because they have several types and cause mortality in human beings. Many  investigations are performing in order to introduce cheaper drugs with lower side  effects especially with natural sources. Ferula genus grows all over the world but  some of them are endemic to Iran. Many investigations have proved different biological activity of these plants. It has been established that some  Ferula species have cytotoxic activity. In the present study, cytotoxic effects of F. persica var. persica and F. hezarlalezarica which are endemic to Iran have been evaluated against tumor cell lines MCF7, HepG2, HT29, A549, and a normal cell line MDBK using MTT method. Total extracts of the plants aerial parts were prepared by 80% methanol and maceration method. Different fractions of the plants were obtained using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, pure or 50% methanol. Total extracts and different fractions were used for MTT assay. The results showed that among the examined samples, only hexane and chloroform fractions of the plants had cytotoxic effects up to concentration of 100 μg/ml. So that, extracts of F. persica var. persica were more cytotoxic than F. hezarlalezarica (IC50s, 22.3-71.8 μg/ml for F. persica var. persica and 76.7-105.3 μg/ml for F. hezarlalehzarica). It seems that both plants are suitable for further investigations in cancer researches.


Panonychus citri (McGregor) infesting potted citrus plants in 2 greenhouses were suppressed or controlled when the surface of the foliage was sprayed with a mist of viral inoculum (0.05 or 1.0% infected mites with a non inclusion virus triturated and suspended in distilled water buffered at p H 6.0). At Chula Vista on the coast where the summer was cool, the citrus red mite was effectively controlled; at the inland station in Riverside where temperatures were much higher, the populations of adult citrus red mites were materially suppressed hut not economically controlled, though repeated applications were made in an effort to perpetuate the infection. Since summer temperatures in both greenhouses were favorable to the mite, the higher temperatures were obviously less favorable to the virus.


We have been developing a localization method for an autonomous robot without using any prior knowledge or assumptions about the environment. The method is general and robust and can be used in real world robot tasks. With a map description based on a reduced image sequence, we detect a frame sequence in the map which matches an input frame sequence, by means of reference interval-free continuous dynamic programming (RIFCDP). The method can cope with changes in the robot's speed because RIFCDP can spot arbitrary frame sequences by nonlinear matching. In this paper, we show a real-time localization system, and we illustrate the effectiveness of our method in the real world by some evaluation experiments.


The present invention discloses a heat sink material and its preparation method, which was prepared from the following components in percentage by mass is obtained by: In 63% -65%; Sn 22% -25%; Bi 11% -13%. The preparation method comprises the following process steps: 1) Select In, Sn, Bi powder uniformly mixed ratio according to the formula, to obtain a mixed powder; 2) The mixed powder was placed in the Griddle, into a high temperature box furnace, a heat box furnace evacuated to a vacuum degree of 10 Pa, nitrogen gas; 3) adjusting the high-temperature box furnace temperature of 400-500 degrees C, for 30 minutes, mixed powder of melting; after 4) melting, cooling, open furnace, the material was removed, to give a bulk solid material; 5) the bulk solid material into a strip mill is used in close, then cut into a sheet, to obtain a heat dissipating material. Heat dissipating material according to the present invention has a low melting point, good heat transfer efficiency and low cost.


In Japan, PV system market has been dominated by residential application because the national government has been implementing subsidy programs for residential PV systems. In July 2012, new Feed-in Tariff Program will start and it is expected that this new incentive program will completely change the market segment of PV system in Japan. Especially it will drive non-residential sector including utility scale applications. It is also assumed that MW scale PV power plants will contribute to the energy situations after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Nuclear power plant failures. This paper will describe opportunity and challenges of deployment of PV system in Japan especially focusing on opportunities and challenges of the PV market after implementation of new Feed-in Tariff Program.


The evolution from card catalog to MARC is a great leap in the development of the library catalog system. However, the emergence of MARC does not mean the end of card catalog. In a certain period of time to come, the two will, and should coexist so as to serve the readers of diverse levels.


Dactimicin,* produced by Dactylosporangium matsuzakiense, is a new member of fortimicingroup antibiotic.1-3) Structurally, this antibiotic is the first aminoglycoside having a formimino moiety. We wish to report here the first synthesis of dactimicin (1). The starting material, 1,2'.6'-tri-N-Boc-fortimicin B4) (2) was prepared from fortimicin B by treatment with di-t-butyldicarbonate in the presence of triethylamine. The 4-methylamino group of 2 was acylated with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole ester of N-Cbz-glycine to afford 2"-NCbz-1,2',6'-tri-N-Boc-fortimicin A (3) (78 yield). The 2"-N-Cbz group of 3 was removed by catalytic hydrogenation with 10% palladium on charcoal in a mixture of ethanol and acetic acid to give 1,2',6'-tri-N-Boc-fortimicin A (4) (92 % yield). The free amino group on 2"-C was converted into a formamidine by treatment with ethyl formimidate hydrochloride'.'' in dry ethanol to yield 1,2',6'-tri-N-Boc-dactimicin** (5). Removal of the Boc groups in 5 with 90% trifluoroacetic acid, followed by salt-exchange with dilute sulfuric acid gave (1) as the disulfate trihydrate (72//0 yield from 4). The synthetic dactimicin showed IR and NMR spectra, optical rotation, retention time in HPLC and antibacterial activity identical with those of natural one.


Sulfide toxicity is a common disease generally associated with iron toxicity which occurs in rice fields when the Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria (SRB) produce sulfides ions in anaerobic conditions. The high quantity of sulfides ions in the soil solution upsets the mineral element balance in the rice, affects its growth and causes crop yield losses. In Burkina Faso, many rice field soils are abandoned due to sulfides toxicity. The present study was developed to evaluate the impact of subsurface drainage on SRB dynamics and activity during rice cultivation and the incidence on rice production. Twelve concrete microplots with a clay-loam soil and a rice variety susceptible to sulfides toxicity (FKR 19) were used for the experiment. Soil in microplots was drained for 7 days (P1), 14 days (P2), and 21 days (P3), respectively. Control (T) microplots without drainage were prepared similarly. The evolution of SRB populations and the content of sulfides ions in the paddy soil and in soil near rice roots were monitored throughout the cultural cycle using MPN and colorimetric methods, respectively. Data obtained were analyzed in relation to drainage frequency, rice growth stage, and rice yield using the Student's t-test and XLSTAT 7.5.2 statistical software. From the results obtained, the subsurface drainage did not affect significantly SRB populations (P = 0.187). However, the drainage affected significantly sulfides concentration in the soil near rice roots (P = 0.032). The concentration of sulfides (P < 0.0001) in soil near rice roots and the number of SRB (P < 0.0001) were significantly higher during the rice tillering and maturity stages. Although no significant difference was observed for rice yield among treatments (P = 0.209), the P2 subsurface drainage showed the highest yield and a low concentration of sulfides in soil near rice roots.


The 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill caused extensive natural resource damage to the Prince William Sound. Lawsuits addressing this natural resource damage resulted in a settlement that required Exxon to pay $900 million over time to trustees charged with spending this money to restore the damaged environment of the Sound and nearby areas. The settlement included a "Reopener Clause," which pledges Exxon to spend an additional $100 million to fund restoration or rehabilitation of resources whose injuries were not foreseeable in 1989. This Article urges the State of Alaska and the United States to seek enforcement of the Reopener Clause, to restore natural resources and Native subsistence uses that were not addressed in the initial settlement and have not recovered from the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Alternatively, this Article urges Native entities to intervene in the case and seek enforcement of the Reopener Clause.


Highly uniform coalescent moniliforme-shape α-Fe2O3 straight nanochains built up of single crystal building blocks are synthesized via a facile one-pot solution-phase route at 180 °C using FeCl3, which have interesting magnetic behaviors based on their unique structure. Surprisingly, an exceptionally high TM (Morin transition temperature) is observed.


Several ferrocenyl-based oligomers with a pendant nitro group have been synthesized and characterized. The crystal
 structure of the compound (E)-(η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4)–CHCHC6H4NO2 is described, showing a centrosymmetric arrangement
 as already proposed by several authors. The nonlinear optical properties of the compounds have been
 measured by means of the HRS technique, showing the highest β values for any organometallic compound with a pendant nitro group reported to date.


Objective To study the role of chloride channel blocker 5-nitro-2-( 3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid( NPPB) on proliferation of bovine corneal endothelium cells induced by endothelin-1( ET-1). Methods The experiment was set up seven groups,including control group,1 g·L -1 dimethyl sulfoxide ( DMSO) group,200 pmol·L -1 ET-1 group,200 pmol·L -1 ET-1 combined with 1 g· L -1 DMSO group,and three experimental groups with 200 pmol· L -1 ET-1 combined with 50,100 and 200 μmol·L -1 NPPB respectively. The morphous of bovine corneal endothelium cells were observed with inversion light micro-scope. Cell proliferation was observed by MMT assay and cell survival rate was calculated. The expression of proliferating cell nu-clear antigen ( PCNA) was detected by immunocytochemistry staining and the average light absorption value was analyzed by computer medical image analysis system. The phase change of cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry and cell proliferation in-dex was calculated. Results NPPB could make cell aberrant morphogenesis,induced to decrease intra-cellular cleavage phase. Compared with 200 pmol·L -1 ET-1 group,50,100 μmol·L -1 NPPB decreased significantly MTT light absorption value,cell survival rate and the average light absorption value of positive expression of PCNA of cultured bovine corneal endothelium cells,and showed a concentration dependent. At the concentration of 200 μmol · L -1 NPPB,cells tended to die. Compared with 200 pmol·L -1 ET-1 group and control group,after treated with 100 μmol·L -1 NPPB,the rate of G1 stage increased,the rate of S stage and G2 /M stage and cell proliferation index decreased significantly,and obvious apoptotic peak presented. Conclusion NPPB concentration dependent had the inhibition effect on proliferation on bovine corneal endothelium cells induced by ET-1,and resulted in the cell cycle arrest at G1 stage.


The advanced bioinformatics technologies are accepted for usefulness in medicine and public health. It can be useful for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease. The neuroinformatics is a specific subject of bioinformatics dealing with omics technology for neurology. Several new software and computation tools are developed for serving as databases as well as simulation tools in neuroinformatics [1]. The good example of network in neuroinformatics is CATI, "a platform dedicated to multicenter neuroimaging" which was initiated by the French Alzheimer's plan [2].


Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of different dose/schedule EP regimen in treatment of the patients with non small cell lung cancer. Methods: Between March 13,1998 to May 20,2000, 156 cases of non small cell lung cancer were radomized into four groups A(40 cases), B(36 cases), C(42 cases), and D(38 cases),and were respectively treated with Ep regimen of different dosage and port of administration. Results: The response rates in these groups were 45%(18/40),47.22%(17/36),45.24%(19/42),and 47.37%(18/38), respectively. The median remissive times were 4,4.2,3.8 and 3.5 months, respectively,which was not significantly (P 0.05) different. But the toxicity was significantly different (P 0.05). The incidence of leukopenia, nausea, vomiting, and alopecia of the group C was the lowest,while group B was the highest. Conclusion: Ep regimen of intravenous dripping low dose cisplatin with p.o etoposide for patients with non small cell lung cancer is an active,practical regimen with relatively low toxicity,and it is aspecially suitable for elderly patients and patients who need low cost medical care.


Based on new understanding of nondopaminergic pathways involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathophysiology, a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, istradefylline, shows promise for the treatment of PD.


The "self learning" teaching philosophy has gradually become the main trend, but classroom teaching remains the main form of medical courses teaching. Through teaching supervision, we found that some teachers in the classroom teaching process remains no aware of the teaching plans, course and teaching objectives, and did not grasp the material content systematically and comprehensively. For solving these problems, teachers should strengthen teaching training and lesson preparation, and enhance the application of interactive teaching methods in the classroom, correctly use the teaching means, and make the lectures scientifically and ideologically etc, so as to improve the overall quality and effectiveness of medical courses.


Gas chromatography with capillary column(HP-5) was applied to the determination of residual amounts of nitrobenzenes in water.The sample was extracted with benzene and the extract was used for GC analysis with electron capture detector.Ten nitrobenzenes were separated satisfactorily and determined within 28 min. Values of detection limit(2S/N) and RSD's(n=7) of 10 nitrobenzene compounds found were in the ranges of 1.0×10~(-3)-7.0×10~(-2)μg·L~(-1) and 1.5%-1.5%respectively.The proposed method was used in determinations of nitrobenzene compounds in samples of surface water and waste water,giving values of recovery ranged from 80.2%to 104.5%.


LABORATORY experiments on animals do not necessarily indicate the usual course of events taken in the spread of trypanosomiasis, and, as the high mortality of the disease prevents experiments on the huma~ subject, recourse must be had to field observations, when conditions are favourable, to obtain a guide as to the relative importance of man and beast in the spread of sleeping sickness. The author had under observation for some twenty-two months a small ou~break of this infection which, owing to its limited scope and the fact that the inhabitants were not allowed to leave the area, gave certain opportunities for observation. This outbreak took the form of a small local epidemic, or "flare-up," in a much larger endemic area in the south-eastern part of. Tanganyika Territory, where sleeping sickness appears to h(l.ve existed for some considerable time. . The trypanosome responsible was held to be Trypanosoma rhodesiense, since the common species of tsetse fly was Glossina morsita1lS, and posterior nucleated forms were foundin experimentally infected rats. G. pallidipes and G .• brevipalpis were, however, occasionally found, the latter limited to a very small area. PAST HISTORY OF THE OUTBREAK.


The air-source heat pump (ASHP) is a relatively new, highly efficient technology which has been proven to be a feasible alternative in mild temperature climates. However, an ASHP's application tends to be limited by outdoor temperature in cold climate zones. This study was intended to explore the feasibility of ASHPs in conjunction with traditional furnaces to serve as an innovative energy efficient method for heating homes in Canada. The goal was to quantify the cost and emissions savings of an ASHP hybrid heating system as compared with a furnace-only system for a residence in three Canadian cities. A prototypical residential building with a hybrid heating system was generated for heating load calculations. The theoretical analysis included the determination of the outdoor-temperature-dependent heat loss rate from the residence and heat supply rate of ASHPs. The building model has proved to be useful for further analyses, while the feasibility of the hybrid system has been determined to be highly region dependent.


This study is principally designed to examine the changes in the efficiency, effective resource allocation and future operation strategies of Taiwan's international tourist hotel in global economic downturn. At first, we set up critical input and output factors and construct an assessment model using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for analysis of relative efficiency. Further, we apply an allocative efficiency model for additional considerations of each input cost and analyse proper and effective resource allocation. Finally, there are significant changes in overall efficiency of international tourist hotels under global financial crisis. We can also reach an effective allocation of the overall resources. In such cases, lowering cost has become a key issue for sustainable operation of international tourist hotel. Finally, the greatest contribution of this study is to further classify the competitiveness and optimal cost allocation of Taiwan's international tourist hotels into seven categories based on the study results and propose strategic planning of future operations for hotel administrators' reference in making improvements in the future.


The detection and tracking of targets in cluttered, shallow water locations have become increasingly important for both maritime security and coastal environmental monitoring. Ambient noise contributions from snapping shrimp, as well as recreational and commercial ship traffic, can limit target detection performance. Few studies have investigated the possibility of enhanced passive acoustic detection in these locations using multiple arrays. Two synchronized 24 element arrays with 300 Hz–50 kHz bandwidth were deployed at the Kilo Nalu Nearshore Reef Observatory (University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI) in an "L" shape configuration with a vertical array within the 12 m water column and horizontal array orthogonally aligned on the seafloor. This subtropical site is located between Honolulu Harbor and a recreational boating and diving area. Broadband snapping shrimp noise, which dominates the background levels, has a diurnal variation. A series of experiments examined the feasibility of passive acoustic monitori...


The present paper aims to explore drug resistance of 72 non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates and the clinical characteristics of resulting enteritis in children.Stool specimens from 1 665 children experiencing intestinal infection were collected by the Digestive Disorders Ward of Zhongshan Boai Hospital from March 2009 to October 2010.The drug sensitivity testing on 72 non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates was conducted after strain identification and separation.The clinical characteristics of non-typhoidal Salmonella infection were retrospectively analyzed.The results demonstrated that sensitivities of non-typhoidal Salmonella to cefoperazone-tazobactam,Tienam,levofloxacin,piperacillin-tazobactam,and ceftazidine were 100%,98.61%,95.83%,87.50% and 77.78%,respectively.Antibiotic resistance rate of these non-typhoidal Salmonella to the first and second generation cephalosporins,aminoglycosides,non-enzyme penicillin and cephamycins were all 80%.Children with intestinal infection by non-typhoidal Salmonella typically presented with clinical characteristics specific to invasive enteritis such as mucous bloody stool,omitting and fever.Older children reported more abdominal pain and showed more abdominal distension and some may deteriorate to non-typhoidal Salmonella sepsis.This study suggests that non-typhoidal Salmonella may have a high sensitivity to carbapenems,enzyme-containing β-lactam compounds,and fluoroquinolones.Therefore,antibiotics should be chosen reasonably and prudently based on drug sensitivity testing as treatment for effectively controlling infection,and preventing the occurrence of further deterioration in patients.


We present and analyze the performance of constellation precoded beamforming. This multi-input multi-output transmission technique is based on the singular value decomposition of a channel matrix. In this work, the beamformer is precoded to improve its diversity performance. It was shown previously that while single beamforming achieves full diversity without channel coding, multiple beamforming results in diversity loss. In this paper, we show that a properly designed constellation precoder makes uncoded multiple beamforming achieve full diversity order. We also show that partially precoded multiple beamforming gets better diversity order than multiple beamforming without constellation precoder if the subchannels to be precoded are properly chosen. We propose several criteria to design the constellation precoder. Simulation results match the analysis, and show that precoded multiple beamforming actually outperforms single beamforming without precoding at the same system data rate while achieving full diversity order.


Why a Swedish journal of sociology?The article discusses the problems of the journal "Sociologisk forskning", such as low scientific impact, and proposes a change of publishing policy in order to c ...


A method of transferring data from a hand held electronic device (10) to a target electronic device (66) includes establishing a wireless interface between the hand held electronic device and the target electronic device. A transfer motion that includes rotation of the hand held electronic device is detected. Upon detection of the transfer motion, the data is transmitted from the hand held electronic device to the target electronic device over the wireless interface. The wireless interface may be initiated and configured using a localized communication link.


Valsa canker is a destructive fungal disease for the apple industry, especially in Asian regions. Here, individuals in "Jonathan" × "Golden Delicious" hybrid population were phenotyped by off situ inoculation with Valsa mali isolates 03‐8 and xc56 from 2012 to 2015. Thirty‐one QTLs for the resistance were detected using high‐density genetic maps. Based on year‐stable and isolate‐robust QTLs, resistant loci G13‐1 and G13‐2 were mapped on chromosome 13 of the male parent, meanwhile locus J15‐1 was mapped on chromosome 15 of the female parent. Using the parental whole‐genome resequencing SNP databases, eighteen SNPs that could change predicted cis‐elements of gene or led to non‐synonymous substitution were screened in the three loci. After segregation analysis in hybrids and gene expression verification, three SNPs in an RNA‐binding protein gene, a serine/threonine‐protein kinase gene and a MYB transcription factor gene showed a close relationship to Valsa canker resistance in apple. These results will be useful for the application of marker‐assisted selection for Valsa canker resistance in apple.


This paper defines a theoretical framework based on Markov Decision Processes (MDP) to deal with call control algorithms in links with variable capacity supporting multiple classes of service. The variable capacity problem, which arises in wireless network scenarios, is addressed by incorporating the link model into the MDP formulation and by introducing, beside the standard call admission policy, a call dropping policy. The proposed approach is capable of controlling class-level quality of service in terms of both blocking and dropping probabilities. The resulting MDP is scalable with respect to the number of link states in the link model.


This paper examines the General Environmental Law of Bolivia which was recently passed by its Congress. It is a multi-purpose law with two primary objectives: (i) the protection and conservation of the environment; and (ii) the promotion of sustainable development. In this law, environmental benefits are emphasized by stating general principles, not by attempting to define the means. Regulations setting forth the means are left to the writing of subsequent complementary codes. This paper shows that much of the controversy surrounding the legislation disappears when it is seen as a guideline rather than an operational part of Bolivia's industrial policy. In essence, the law addresses environmental awareness in a region that is more anxious than ever to speed economic growth.