My major project for the virtual worlds research group investigated, through experimental conditions, how relative "virtual world novices" made sense of virtual worlds, and how this sensemaking related to their being entertained by engaging with the virtual world, and their subsequent desire to continue engaging. I was especially interested in understanding what people focused on most in their assessments of engaging with a new media product, such as a virtual world. I sought to answer two questions. First, would the people attend most to making sense of the technology, the content, or something else? Second, what previous experiences would they draw upon to help them make sense of this new experience?


Various advanced computational, cognitive and innovative approaches have been developed in the last three decades to advance the fields of artificial intelligence and knowledge-based design systems. This paper reviews the development of generative design systems in the literature and of those developed by the author. It presents a framework of a generative design system with several real design examples. Finally, the paper examines the future direction for the advancement of generative design. A generative design system supports the generation and exploration of a large number of alternative design solutions, using automatic transformation algorithms of AI nature. It maintains a consistent style of all the explored solutions, but with design features and variables. It can also include an evaluation mechanism in the generative process for the system to search for the potentially optimum design solutions.


This paper evaluates the implementation of two well known machine learning algorithms, kernel k-means and logistic regression, using Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). The main goal was to do an implementation that exploited the processing power of GPU while keeping the implementation simple, easy to understand and modify. The paper presents an empirical analysis of the performance of the implementations under different execution scenarios.


Integrating Theory, Research, and Practice in Vocational Psychology: Current Status and Future Directions As a field, it is imperative that vocational psychology continues to ensure high quality integration of theory, research, and practice. Perhaps no place is more important for this integration to occur from a scholarly perspective than in the journal The Career Development Quarterly (CDQ). CDQ is the flagship journal of the National Career Development Association (NCDA). The journal publishes four issues a year, which are received by its entire membership consisting of thousands of career development professionals, most of whom are full time practitioners (NCDA, 2015). Accordingly, articles in CDQ have a high degree of visibility to individuals working in a variety of careerrelated professions. As a member of CDQ's editorial board and as an author of eight articles in the journal in the last ten years, I will discuss ways in which CDQ attempts to maintain quality integration, and I will also discuss opportunities to make this integration stronger and more accessible.


Abstract In the present paper we introduce some expansions for the Euler Gamma function and the Riemann Zeta function. The expansions involve the falling factorials. In the proofs we use the Faá di Bruno formula, Bell polynomials, Potential polynomials, Mittag-Leffler polynomials, derivative polynomials and special numbers (Eulerian numbers and Stirling numbers of both kinds). 2010 AMS Mathematics Subject Classification: 11B83, 11M06


The use of bioindicators of water is being proposed as a new tool to determine the
quality of aquatic ecosystems, this does not mean to displace traditional methods
such as physical-chemical analysis of water. Its use greatly simplifies the field and
laboratory activities, since its application only requires the identification and
quantification of organisms based on diversity indices and adjusted sensitivity
ranges that qualify the category of water quality.
In this study it was our objective to compare the protocols IBF, ETP, Alpha and
BMWCR as bioindicators of water quality in rivers Quevedo, San Pablo, Lulo and
Estero La Cadena. Apart from this specific point or goal, the research proposes
Identify macroinvertebrates present in these aquatic ecosystems that characterize
the area sections of rivers and estuaries. The hypothesis of this research was that
all protocols are equal bioindicators of water and apply to rivers and estuaries for
measuring water quality but their procedures are costly and are not identical and
applicable to our rivers and streams.
The best plan for dissemination of ETP protocol as bioindicator of water quality in
rivers and estuary is an excellent alternative proposal put forward in this research,
as it will help many professionals (environmentalists and engineers) devoted to the
study of water quality using this new technique.


The paper presents a reverse analysis and crack-found methodology with the functional model as the centre for OS trusted mechanism, pays attention to the functional model establishing of binary code and the description methodology. And it designs general XML-based storage structure to serve the storage and transformation of information cross levels in the level functional model of trusted mechanism, develops the plugin of IDA, which takes and stores routine Control Flow Graph and level functional model automatically from the binary code.


Over the past decade,the Mg/Ca ratio in foraminiferal tests has emerged as a valuable paleotemperature proxy.In this study we describe the application of the Mg/Ca paleothermometer with the aim of illustrate its use in the Mediterranean Basin.We value the influence of the salinity and diagenetic carbonate processes besides temperature as an important environmental factor controlling the foraminiferal Mg/Ca.For this purpose 3 species of planktonic


This paper presents an inverse method of wind-speed and wind-direction of the sea, which is based upon an integral equation model for the non-Gaussian distributed surface and neural network. Analysis and inversion examples show that this inverse method is feasible and effective.


The study was in preparation for a future randomized clinical trial (RCT) with oral hyaluronic acid (HA) in knee osteoarthritis. Its purpose was to evaluate the feasibility of i) ultrasonography (US) and range of motion (ROM) parameters as objective measurements to correlate the improvement of knee mobility with its pain reduction; ii) the planned recruitment monthly rate to estimate the resources for the main study. In addition, it should give by US, ROM, visual analogue scale (VAS) and KOOS questionnaire, preliminary data on efficacy. This open-label pilot trial was performed in an orthopedic clinic (Timisoara, Romania). Male and female subjects (from 50 to 70 years) diagnosed with symptomatic OA of the knee with i) mild joint discomfort for at least 6 months, ii) Kellgren/Lawrence score 2 by X-ray, iii) pain for at least 15 of the 30 previous days, were included. Exclusion criteria were: inflammatory arthritic condition; oral corticosteroids within 4 weeks; intra-articular injections of HA or corticosteroids within 3 months; anti-inflammatory or chondroprotective drugs within 2 weeks. Following protocol, 8 patients administered for 8 weeks Syalox� 300 Plus (River Pharma, Italy) a product based on HA of high molecular weight. US parameters improved from baseline, even if no statistically significant differences were found. ROM and VAS (at rest, on moving and on pressing) values improved significantly at week 4 and 8 in comparison with baseline. The correlation between objective improvement of knee mobility and subjective pain reduction was documented. The enrolment rate was 8 patients/month. The KOOS subscales scores evidenced statistically significant differences during the study. No adverse event. US and ROM can be used as objective measurements to correlate improvement of knee mobility with pain reduction. The recruitment capability evidenced a realistic estimation of time and budget for the main study. Preliminary data on efficacy using objective measurements (US, ROM) and subjective parameters (VAS, KOOS questionnaire) showed significant improvements and will be used for sample size calculation in the main study.


Summary In the second half of the eighteenth century a lively debate was going on in Germany about the nature of light. One important contribution to this discussion, namely a paper by Nicolas Beguelin, is studied in this article. In his essay, Beguelin compared the Newtonian emission theory of light and the wave theory of Leonhard Euler. Whereas others opted for one of the two theories by invoking arguments or authorities, Beguelin made a systematic search for experiments which he hoped would settle the dispute. Two of these experiments were most original. The first, which Beguelin himself performed, concerned light rays grazing a glass surface. For several reasons it did not have the impact it deserved. The second one was a thought experiment which was meant to illustrate a major tenet of the wave theory, that is, the analogy between light and sound. An analysis is given of these two experiments, and it is shown that neither of them brought the debate to an end.


Background: This study was aimed at evaluating the changes of collateral circulation, using MR angiography (MRA), which is a non-invasive and a useful tool for viewing the porto-systemic circulation as a whole, following endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS). Methods : 30 patients who have portal hypertension with esophageal varices have taken MRA before the sclerotherapy and followed up 1 month after the eradication. Results : The collaterals observed before EIS are as follows, left gastric vein 30 patients (100%), short gastric vein 2 patients (7%), gastro-renal shunt 2 patients (7%) and spleno-renal shunt 6 patients (20%). After the sclerotherapy, left gastric vein was obliterated in 12 patients (40%), decreased to 25% and 50% in 9 patients (30%) but, no change in 6 patients (20%), increased in 3 patients (10%). For short gastric vein, 25% and 50% size reduction was found in 2 patients. For gastro-renal shunt, no change in size was observed in 1 patient; increased to 25% in 1 patient. For spleno-renal shunt, it disappeared in 1 patients (17%) and decreased to 25% in 1 patient but; no change in 3 patients (50%), increased to 25% in 1 patients. Conclusion: Obliteration of left gastric vein was observed in many cases after the sclerotherapy and further evaluation is needed.


The use of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) in copolymer synthesis has received much interest, as the microbial polyester segments can bring interesting properties, such as biodegradability and biocompatibility. The synthesis, properties, and applications of graft copolymers containing poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) as main chain or branches are reviewed here, with emphasis on the different preparation methods, which fit into the three main synthesis strategies of graft copolymers: "grafting onto", "grafting from", and "grafting through" or macromonomer methods.Key words: poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates), graft copolymer, synthesis, properties, applications.


Time-sequential nonparametrics Miscellaneous time-sequential procedures Change-Point nonparametrics Recursive residual M-tests Nonparametrics of sequential estimation Sequential confidence regions Nonparametric case Nonparametric repeated significance tests Repeated multiple comparisons tests Nonparametrics of sequential tests Pitman efficiency: sequential case Nonparametric tests with Power One.


SYNOPSIS Comprehensive software programs to simulate building energy performances in dynamic conditions are available today for professional purposes. In fact their modern releases are characterised by easy management and by the use of common personal computers. But, in spite of their better precision than simplified steady-state methods, many designers and even various standards, continue to prefer traditional simplified procedures. The possibilities and limits of new transient simulation software packages are investigated. This analysis starts from the results obtained, in some typical application cases, from the use of the two famous programs DOE and BLAST.


Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and inflammatory diseases are now a day's one of the most popular topics of research. Previous studies have shown that the patients with SCH have increased levels of triglycerides and signs of low-grade inflammation (raised C-reactive protein levels). Disorder might be a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular and other inflammatory diseases. However, there is still some controversy concerning the inflammatory impact of SCH. Treating patients with thyroid stimulating hormone values of <10 mIU/L is not compelling, except in pregnant women. Fortifying the association between SCH and inflammation and a better understanding of research data may provide a more compelling argument for future treatment. Keywords: Thyroid stimulating hormone, C reactive protein, interleukin-6, inflammation


We prove three apparently new theorems related to the doubly tangent circles of conics including a generalization of the Dandelin theorem on spheres inscribed in a cone. Also we discuss the focal properties of doubly tangent circles of conics.


Abstract INTRODUCTION BUQUINOLATE * (ethyl 4-hydroxy-6, 7-diisobutoxy-3-quinolinecarboxylate), a new quinoline derivative, is effective against cocciodiosis in chickens (Porter and Johnson, 1966). It is relatively nontoxic, for it produced no signs of toxicosis when fed to broiler chickens from 1 day to 31 days of age at levels of 0.088% (Borgmann et al., 1966). Hematologic and blood chemical values were normal and microscopic examination of tissues and organs revealed no morphologic changes that could be attributed to drug action. Single oral doses of buquinolate from 4 gm. to 20 gm. per kg. body weight did not cause death in 7-day-old chicks. Single oral doses of buquinolate 7.5 gm. per kg. body weight did not cause death in mice or rats. Buquinolate had no effect on rats when fed at 213.5 mg. per kg. daily for 30 days, or on dogs at 450 mg. per kg. daily for 90 days. There were no behavioral signs . . .


Bilayer InAs/GaAs quantum dot(QD) lasers operating in the excited state at wavelengths that span the O-band are demonstrated. The higher saturated gain and lower scattering time of the excited states of the ensemble of QDs offers the opportunity for fast direct-modulation lasers. We predict an increase in K-factor limited modulation bandwidth from QD lasers operating in the excited state due to a reduction in carrier transport and scattering times whilst maintaining high peak modal gain.


Treatment of o-quinol acetates (5a, b) of 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-phenethylisoquinolin-6-ols (6a, b) with acetic anhydride in the presence of an acid (concentrated H2SO4, BF3 · Et2O or CF3COOH) gave 2-acetoxyhomoaporphines (4a, b) and/or aldehyde-amides (7a, b), and the ratio of the products was strongly dependent on the choice of the acid and the solvent. A mechanistic pathway is proposed.


Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is fast-maturing, easy-togrow root vegetable in both tropical and temperate regions. There are many agronomic factors influencing radish root production the important ones are proper time of sowing and optimum plant density. Though the suitable time of sowing varies with the locality, early planting helped in producing of higher yields and quality than late planting. Effect of plant density on yield parameters may be due to competition of plants for available nutrients, light and water. It is very difficult to raise the good quality radish roots because of excessive forking, splitting, cracking and pithiness, which is highly influenced by spacing and time of sowing. Hence, selection of optimum sowing time and spacing are key factors for successful radish production. A field experiment was conducted at College of Horticulture, Venkataramannagudem during the rabi season. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications having twelve treatments. The treatments comprised of the combination of four dates of sowing (1 st Oct., 15 th Oct., 1 st Nov., and 15 th Nov designated as D1, D2, D3 and D4) and three plant spacings (45x10 cm, 45x20 cm and 45x30 cm assigned as S1, S2 and S3). The seeds are sown on ridges at a depth of 1.5 cm. Thinning was done at 25-30 DAS by retaining one seedling per hill. The crop was nourished with 80 kg/ha of nitrogen and 50 kg/ha each of P 2 O 5 and K 2 O. Five plants were taken randomly from each experimental plot at different intervals. The yield parameters like days to maturity, root length (cm), root girth (cm), root weight (g) and root yield (t/ha) were recorded. Similarly the root quality in terms of physiological disorders like root forking, spiltting and cracking were recorded as percentage of disorders per plot.


A case of rhino-orbitocerebral mucormycosis is presented, illustrating the serious nature of this disease. Clinical features and their pathological correlations are demonstrated. The need for a high index of clinical suspicion, and an early biopsy of the affected area is emphasized so that the benefits of early diagnosis and therapy may be gained.


An ion etching assisted deposition apparatus for depositing a thin film on a substrate having a three-dimensional features, a similar angle to the substrate, and using an ion etching source and the deposition source which is disposed inclined with respect to each other. Angle a is selected to be substantially equal to the supplementary angle of the formed angle alpha 'between the three-dimensional features and the substrate surface on the substrate, in this configuration, the relative energy etching ions and the evaporated atoms such flow is adjusted so as to avoid the growth of low-quality deposition material.


Postcard depicting the Camp Pershing YMCA members in El Paso, Texas. There are 18 individuals standing in a group in front of a wooden structure. The wooden structure has a large sign attached to it that says YMCA. All of the men are wearing uniforms and some are wearing uniform hats.


Adopting CO2 as an alternative gas of SF6 in a gas circuit breaker from the environmental viewpoint, a 72 kV-31.5 kA class CO2 gas circuit breaker (CO2-GCB) model, which does not contain SF6 gas at all, was designed, and produced. In the CO2-GCB model, some effective technologies for current interruption by CO2 gas were adopted; namely, puffer pressure enhancing techniques utilizing arc energy during a current interruption and ablation phenomena of a polymer element located in the puffer cylinder. As a result of current interruption and electric insulation tests, the CO2-GCB model achieved practical levels of performance. Furthermore, it was found by carrying out a life cycle assessment (LCA) that the CO2-GCB model could reduce the global warming impact by about 40% compared to the latest SF6 gas circuit breaker in the same rating for 20 years operation including one maintenance opportunity.


Manoeuvrable, responsive satellite constellations that can respond to real-time events could provide critical data on-demand to support, for example, disaster monitoring and relief efforts. The authors demonstrate the feasibil-ity of such a system by expanding on a fully-analytical method for designing responsive spacecraft manoeuvres using low-thrust propulsion. This method enables responsive manoeuvre planning to provide coverage of targets on the Earth, with each manoeuvre option having a different target look angle, and requiring a different manoeuvre time and propellant cost. The trade-space for this analysis rapidly expands when considering multiple space-craft, targets and manoeuvres. To explore the trade-space efficiently, it is perceived as a graph in which connections are rapidly traversed to identify favourable routes to achieve the mission goals. The case study presented considers four satellites required to provide flyovers of two targets, with an associated graph of possible manoeuvres comprising 10726 nodes. The min-imum time solution is 2.59 days to complete both flyovers with 7.037 m/s change in velocity. Investigation of the graph highlights that selecting a good but not minimum time solution can allow the system to perform well but also have alternate options available to deal with possible errors in the manoeuvre execution, or changes in mission priorities. Restricting the prob-lem to consider only two satellites, with a smaller swath and less available propellant, reduces the graph to 510 nodes. In this case, the minimum time solution requires 9.04 m/s velocity change and takes approximately 2.59 days. The analysis also provides non-intuitive solutions, for example, that it is faster for one satellite to perform two targeting manoeuvres than for two satellites to manoeuvre simultaneously.


This article provides a design scheme for measuring microdisplacement.In this design michelson interferometer and the system of measuring and processing faint electric signal are applied.An experimental light path is built on the optical platform and then by the subsequent circuit photoelectric conversion and signal amplification are accomplished.After that a computer will be used to analyze the digital signals in order to realize the function of measuring micro displacement.


Background: Urinary stone formation is a common health problem worldwide. All forms of calculi are found in the renal and urinary tract of patients. Renal calculi are most commonly found in adults as compared to children. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the level of calcium,phosphorus and uric acid in the urine of patients with urinary stones. Methods: The study was conducted over a period of six months (from march to August 2013). It is a descriptive cross sectional study. 24 hours urinary calcium, phosphorus and uric acid levels were determined with the help of Dimension rxL fully auto analyser using the kits supplied by Siemens. Data was collected from 60 subjects. Results: The prevalence of urolithiasis in male patients was 63.3% and 36.7 % in female patients (p<0.05). 24 hour urinary calcium in patients and control was 315±102.5 and 255±175.3 (p<0.03). urinary phosphorus levels in patients with stones were stastically significant (330± 112.3). Conclusion: Higher levels of urinary calcium was found in patients with urolithiasis in this subjects. Urine phosphorus levels were also statistically significant.


The pollution of groundwater treatment for nitrate as oxidant of acid ISL uranium by ion-exchange adsorption, the tail solution of Ion exchange by neutralization with lime, and electrodialysis treatment Process, the groundwater quality has reached IV class standards. the concentrations of uranium reduce from 50.0mg/L to 1.0mg/L for pollution of groundwater by ion exchange treatment, the tail solution of Ion exchange by neutralization with lime, the pH from 2.0 to 7.0, the neutralize solution is treatmented by electrodialysis, Waste water containing nitrate by electrodialysis treatment, it can be transported to new mining area as oxidant or input the evaporation pools. for acid ISL uranium of nitrate as oxidant mining pollution of groundwater control provides references.


While the importance of the charitable deduction decreased in the 2017 tax reform, it has returned during the COVID-19 pandemic with the CARES Act. This Article lays out the reasons that the limited above-the-line charitable deduction authorized by Congress during the coronavirus pandemic should remain a permanent feature of U.S. tax law.


The inducer pump, designed and fabricated as a test article to evaluate the inducer/impeller pump concept for providing improved suction performance of large sodium pumps, met or exceeded all performance goals. The inducer stage in front of the centrifugal impeller dramatically reduces the size of pumps. It was demonstrated that the inducer can operate at suction specific speeds in excess of 35,000, whereas conventional centrifugal pumps have demonstrated capability to only 12,000. The inducer pump employs several components of the 2000 and 4000 gpm NaK pumps from the Connecticut Aircraft Nuclear Engine Laboratory (CANEL) Programs. Use of the volute, thermal barrier and shaft oil seal from the CANEL pumps allowed acceleration and cost reduction of the Inducer Pump Program.


Objective To study the pathogenic prevalence and genotypes of human astrovirus(HAtsV) in adult cases with viral diarrhea in Jiangmen, Guangdong province. Methods Adult cases with sporadic viral diarrhea in Jiangmen were first screened for Rotavirus and Norwalk-like virus with Rotavirus Group A Diagnostic Kit (Collodial Gold Device) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), respectively, and then followed by Real time TaqMan PCR for the detection of astrovirus. Astrovirus positive cases detected by TaqMan PCR were conformed by RT-nested PCR, and the DNA sequences of the amplified fragments were determined. Results A total of sixty five adult cases with acute viral diarrhea were collected during the period, and three cases showed positive in TaqMan PCR detection for astrovirus (5.4%), one of which was conformed by RT-nested PCR, and classified as HAtsV-4 with DNA sequence analysis. Conclusion Astrovirus infection was found in adult cases with viral diarrhea in Jiangmen. HAtsV-4 genotype was detected. No other associated gastroenteritis virus were found.


Dehalogenations of erythro-1-chloro-2-iodo-1,2-diphenylethane promoted by a variety of nucleophiles have been studied in methanol and, in the case of halide ions, also in NN-dimethylformamide. The susceptibility of iodine in this compound to undergo nucleophilic attack is extremely high and surpasses that of bromine by a factor larger than 106. An order of nucleophilic reactivity towards iodine bonded to a saturated carbon has been established. Dehalogenation rates follow approximately the Edwards equation with α and β values (2·13 and –0·12, respectively) indicating that polarizability and desolvation factors play a larger role than basicity in determining nucleophilic reactivity. The importance of the polarizability is also shown by the reactivity order of the halide ions in dimethylformamide which is I– > Br– > Cl–. As an electrophilic centre, iodine appears to have a susceptibility to be attacked by polarizable nucleophilies which is larger than that of the saturated carbon atom.


The Katherine Museum will get $70,000 to help its operations and promote the history of Katherine. Alice Springs' National Pioneer Women's Hall of Fame will get $56,000 to continue its work celebrating the role of women in Australia's development. A Collaborative Museums Education Project will run in the Barkly Region funded by a $61,000 grant, which will aim to bolster education outcomes at a cluster of central Australian museums. East Point Military Museum will get $28,000 for interpretive signage and professional development.


The study was carried to determinate the allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus globules and Azadirachta indica against Raphanus sativus and Lepidium sativum by adding their residues to the soil at rates of (3 , 6) gr / kg soil . The second part of study was to extract the oil seed and determine the biological activities against some pathogenic microorganisms namely Escherichia col, Klebesiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis. These oils used at cons. (2.5, 5, 10, 15)% prepared and separated by stem distillation. Agar well diffusion method was used in bacteria preparing, and comparing extracts effect by determining the inhibition zone. Residues of Eucalyptus and Neem added to the soil at rates of 3gr/ kg soil significantly reduced the seed germination number and shoot length. While adding 6gr/ kg soil inhibited the seedling growth. Also the result shows inhibitory effects of the Eucalyptus oils against E .coli, S. aurus and K. pnenumonia, put there was no inhibition against P. aeruginosa and P.mirablils treatments. In conclusion, it seem much useful to cultivated Eucalyptus and Neem trees at river bank and lake beach because their residues could be use as herbicides, antibacterial against same microorganisms which polluted the water.


Not regarded as paragons of consistency even at the best of times, some politicians quickly changed their tunes on electricity deregulation after a trying summer in which rolling brownouts and skyrocketing retail electricity prices in parts of California caused a public outcry amongst the unfortunate consumers who bore the brunt of those maladies. Where previously politicians had sung the virtues of competition amongst electricity generators, many in California and beyond have sounded a more wistful tune of late, calling into question the whole deregulation endeavor and recalling fondly the good ol' days of state regulation. In the search for causes of this summer's problems, those who would slow the pace of deregulation have managed to draw attention away from the most plausible explanation: that failure to deregulate quickly enough has led to a mismatch between consumers' demand for electricity and utilities' capacity to supply it. As economic growth continues to drive new electricity demand, similar problems may emerge in other deregulating states unless effective solutions can be found.


1. Michaelis-Menten parameters for the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl a-L-arabinofuranoside were measured as a function of pL (pH or pD) in both 'H20 and 2H20. 2. The variation of both Un,ax and Vn,ax / K0, with pL is sigmoid, the pK governing Vnax shifting from 6.34 + 0.05 in 1H20 to 6.84+0.07 in 2H20, and that governing Vmax. /Km from 5.89 + 0.03 in 1H20 to 6.38 + 0.05 in 2H20. 3. In the plateau regions there is a small inverse solvent isotope effect on VMax./Km (0.92), and one of 1.45 on VFax. 4. The variation of Vkax with isotopic composition is strictly linear, indicating that the isotope effect arises from the transfer of a single proton.


The semi-structured subject areas are one of the main study objects in the theory of artificial intelligent systems. As the largest intelligent management system in a semi-structured area, an intelligent railway transport management system is considered. The task of the constructing granular ontologies for a semi-structured domain that is different from the known device and data synchronization between granules is examined. An approach to measuring the similarity degree is proposed by the performed measuring analysis of the semantic proximity of the ontology contexts. The proposed approach is based on the graph representation of some ontologies; it is universal and applicable for intelligent decision support in semi-structured subject areas.


Injection of CO2 in depleted oil reservoirs is one of the most direct carbon management strategies. We present results of the first geologic CO2 sequestration field test in the US. The main objectives of the project are to monitor and predict migration and fate of CO2 injected into a depleted sandstone oil reservoir and to better understand CO2 sequestration related processes. The field test was centred around injection of about 2100 tonnes of CO2. Geophysical monitoring surveys, laboratory experiments and numerical simulations were performed in support of the field test. Results show that the response of the west Pearl Queen reservoir during the field test was significantly different than the predictions based on pre-injection characterization data.


This paper probes into the relations between the new production development and six aspects of resources of enterprise such as the strategy, marketing, production, technology, financial affairs and organizational structure, and analyzes on the resources development system for the enterprise to carry out the new production development.


An adaptive data transmission scheme based on variable spreading gain (VSG) is studied in cellular CDMA network in presence of soft handoff (HO). The processing gain is varied according to traffic intensity meet-ing a requirement on data bit error rate (BER). The overall performance improvement due to processing gain adaptation and soft HO is evaluated and compared with a fixed rate system. The influence of soft HO pa-rameters on rate adaptation and throughput and delay performance of data is indicated. Further truncated automatic repeat request (T-ARQ) is used in link layer to improve the performance of delay sensitive ser-vices. The joint impact of VSG based transmission in presence of soft handoff at physical layer and T-ARQ at link layer is evaluated. A variable packet size scheme is also studied to meet a constraint on packet loss.


Study Design. A control group study with repeated measures. Objective. To compare isometric force production parameters in low back pain and healthy study participants. Summary and Background Data. Recent evidence suggests that chronic patients with low back pain exhibit deficits in trunk proprioception and motor control. The control of force and its between-trial variability are often taken as critical determinants of performance. We compared various force time characteristics in patients with low back pain and healthy study participants. Methods. Fifteen control study participants and 16 patients with low back pain participated in this study. Study participants were required to exert 50% and 75% of the maximal trunk flexion and extension. In a learning phase, visual and verbal feedback was provided. Following these learning trials, study participants were asked to perform 10 trials without any feedback. Time to peak force, time to peak force variability, peak force variability, and absolute error in peak force were calculated. Time to peak and peak dF/dt were computed to determine if the first peak of dF/dt could predict the peak force achieved. Results. Two subgroups of patients with low back pain were identified. Controls and patients with low back pain with more pain showed faster time to peak force than patients with low back pain with less pain (331 ms and 341 ms vs. 574 ms, respectively). Linear regressions showed that, for control study participants and low back pain study participants with more pain, peak dF/dt explained 94.0% and 97.0% of the variance observed in peak force while 84.4% was explained for low back pain study participants with less pain. Peak force variability and absolute error in peak force were similar for all groups. Conclusions. Patients with low back pain were able to produce isometric forces with an accuracy similar to control study participants. The longer time to peak force and the smaller percentage of variance observed for the linear regressions suggest that some patients with low back pain adopted a control mode that was less "open-loop." It is possible that this mode of producing forces results from an adaptation to chronic pain or tissue degeneration. Spine 2004;29:311–317


Objective To determine whether intrave sically administered Adriamycin can prevent superficial bladder tumor to recur t hrough assessing the efficacy of with intravesical Adriamycin and without intrav esical Adriamycin after TURB-t. Method The search strat egy was made according to the demand of Cochrane Collaboration. Medline, Embase ,CBMdisc and the Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs. Data were extracted b y two reviewers using the designed extraction form. RevMan were used for data ma nagement and analysis. Results Thirty three relevant tri al s were searched, of which eighteen trials were included and fifteen trials were excluded. Meta-analysis showed intravesically administered Pirarnbicin(THP), Ep irubicin(EPI) and Adriamycin(ADM) can reduce the recurrence rate of superficial bladder cancer after operation during one or two years. Conclusions Intravesically administered THP, EPI and ADM can reduce the recurrenc e rate of superficial bladder cancer after TUPB-t's operation during one or two years. In addition, the factors affecting the prognosis should be performed, suc h as the dosage of irrigation of bladder, reserving time and the course.


Objective:To study an accurate digital model of urethral rectum fistula and its clinical applications. Methods:one patient with urethrorectal fistula was chosen to scan of urethra with CT before operation. Three-dimensional digital reconstruction based on these cross-section images of CT were made in mimics software and used to instruct operation procedures. Results:The established three-dimensional digital model allowed clear visualization of the urethrorectal fistula. With the digital models,the urethrorectal fistula could be analyzed from any angle or any orientation and the surgery can be designed before the procedure. Conclusions:The digital three-dimensional model could reflect the detailed information of the abnormal exactly and directly,which is helpful for diagnosis and treatment of urethrorectal fistula in male.


The utility model discloses an integrated device for dedusting, desulfuring and denitrifying and a high voltage power source of the integrated device. The high voltage power source includes a high voltage DC power source device, a high voltage coupling capacitor, a pulse generating device and also includes a pulse compressing device. The high voltage DC power device is connected with the high voltage coupling capacitor. The high voltage coupling capacitor is connected with the pulse generating device through the pulse compressing device. The high voltage coupling capacitor is connected with a magnetic compressing switch of the pulse compressing circuit adjacent to the high voltage coupling capacitor. The pulse generating device is connected with a capacitor of the pulse compressing circuit adjacent to the pulse generating device. The pulse compressing device compresses width of high voltage pulses. The high voltage coupling capacitor is used for overlapping high voltage DC base voltage and compressed high voltage pulses. Therefore, an aim of reducing the width of the high voltage pulses to a specific pulse width required for desulfuring and denitrifying is achieved. Further, the high voltage coupling capacitor is used for overlapping the high voltage DC base voltage with the compressed pulses, so that dedusting is realized.


The dependence of the disaccommodation spectra on the density of cation vacancies has been investigated in the manganese- and nickel-iron-rich ferrites and the results compared with the dependence predicted by Iida (1) . It is found that his model is not applicable to the disaccommodation effect occurring at room temperature. Iida's mechanism perhaps may be correct when applied to disaccommodation at high temperatures. Another model, based on the Slonczewski's theory of the Fe 2+ ion anisotropy, is proposed in order to explain the disaccommodation mechanism occurring at room temperature.


The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure of the thermocouple to maintain for long time the thermocouple to provide a high output in a short time using a chemical ten won at high temperatures, and A plurality of unit cells 11 are stacked in series or parallel cell stack section 10 is formed which is activated by heat and; Are respectively located above and below the cell stack section 10, the upper insulating portion (20) to block the heat radiation to the outside and a lower insulating portion (20 '); including, and the upper insulating portion 20 and the lower insulating bangpa layer 50 that prevents the thermal shock generated in the portion 20 'is delivered to the cell stack section 10 is characterized in that each disposed on upper and lower portions of the cell stack section 10. According to the heat-insulating structure of a thermocouple according to the invention, arranged a bangpa layer is modified to by preventing thermal shock of the propagation part cell stack occurs in the upper and lower heat insulating portion, the battery laminated unit cell portion in the cell stack of the upper and lower portions It does not occur, as well as the performance of the thermocouple is kept constant, so that the thermocouple can minimize the operation failure in a thermocouple or the like guided weapons which is mainly mounted.


Cryptographic processing is a critical component of secure Internet-connected computing systems. Furthermore, the methods employed to manage, store, and exercise a user's cryptographic keys greatly affect the security offered by cryptographic operations. Software-only user key management schemes contain numerous security weaknesses. Thus, many systems protect keys with distributed protocols or supplementary hardware devices, which include smart cards and cryptographic coprocessors. However, these key protection mechanisms suffer from various combinations of user inconvenience, inflexibility, performance penalties, and high cost. In this paper, we propose architectural features for general-purpose processors that facilitate virtual secure coprocessing. We describe modest hardware modifications and a trusted software library that allow generalpurpose processors to perform flexible, high-performance, and protected cryptographic computation. The hardware additions include a small key store in the processor, encryption engines at the cache-memory interface, a few new instructions, and minor hardware platform modifications. With these enhancements, users can store, transport, and employ their secret keys to safely complete cryptographic operations in the presence of insecure software. In addition, we enable users to securely access their keys on any Internet-connected computing device (that includes our modifications) without requiring auxiliary hardware such as smart cards.


The paper introduces the characteristics of CFG pile and the mechanism of the foundation reinforcement,studies the design points of CFG pile composite foundation from the aspects of the pile length,the pile diameter,the pile spacing,the strength grade of the pile body,the thickness of the cushion and the material,and describes the situation of the engineering application,points out that strengthening soft foundation by CFG pile has the good social benefit and the economic benefit.


Introduction to Cement-Based Materials Introduction to Multifunctional Cement-Based Materials Cement-Based Materials for Piezoresistivity (Strain Sensing) Cement-Based Materials for Damage Sensing Electrically Conductive Cement-Based Materials Cement-Based Materials for Dielectric Functions Cement-Based Materials for Thermal Engineering Cement-Based Materials for Damping


Proposed conformal bladder filled with tiny spheres called "microballoons," enables spine of accident victim to be rapidly immobilized and restrained and permit victim to be safely removed from accident scene in extremely short time after help arrives. Microballoons expand to form rigid mass when pressure within bladder is less than ambient. Bladder strapped to victim is also strapped to rescue chair. Void between bladder and chair is filled with cloth wedges.


In an orientation $O$ of the graph $G$, the edge $e$ is deletable if and only if $O-e$ is strongly connected. For a $3$-edge-connected graph $G$, H\"orsch and Szigeti defined the Frank number as the minimum $k$ for which $G$ admits $k$ orientations such that every edge $e$ of $G$ is deletable in at least one of the $k$ orientations. They conjectured the Frank number is at most $3$ for every $3$-edge-connected graph $G$. They proved the Petersen graph has Frank number $3$, but this was the only example with this property. We show an infinite class of graphs having Frank number $3$. H\"orsch and Szigeti showed every $3$-edge-colorable $3$-edge-connected graph has Frank number at most $3$. It is tempting to consider non-$3$-edge-colorable graphs as candidates for having Frank number greater than $2$. Snarks are sometimes a good source of finding critical examples or counterexamples. One might suspect various snarks should have Frank number $3$. However, we prove several candidate infinite classes of snarks have Frank number $2$. As well as the generalized Petersen Graphs $GP(2s+1,s)$. We formulate numerous conjectures inspired by our experience.


The tight competition in getting the customer gives a motivation for the businessmen to remain discipline in running the business specifically in the field of food and beverages provision service i.e.: Ijen Cafe N Restowhich engage n the field of food and beverages service should be able to understand the needs and the tastes which are desired by the customer and should give attention to price, promotion, service quality and location so Ijen Cafe N Resto can provide satisfaction of service properly to its customer. Customers form their expectation based on the message which has been received from the seller, other people, friend, and other source of information. If the seller improves a product excessively but they cannot feel the satisfaction, therefore the customers will experience futile expectation. When the level of discrepancy, expectation, and quality is getting high the customer's dissatisfaction is getting bigger as well. This research is meant to find out the influence of price, promotion, service quality, and location to the customer satisfaction of Ijen Cafe N Resto. The population is the customers who have ever visited and purchased the products which have been offered by Ijen Cafe N Resto. The data collection technique has been done by issuing questionnaires to 100 respondents who have selected as samples. The analysis technique has been done by using validity test, reliability test, model feasibility test, classic assumption test, multiple linear regressions test, and hypothesis significance test. The result of the research shows that price, promotion, service quality, and location have significant influence to the customer satisfaction of Ijen Cafe N Resto on Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim Surabaya. Keywords: Price, Promotion, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction.


During hibernation, ground squirrels fast for several months and rely solely on adipose stores to fuel metabolism. We showed previously that ionic permeability of hibernating squirrel intestine is 1.5‐fold greater than in summer squirrels, which is consistent with studies in non‐hibernating species that fasting and total parenteral nutrition can increase gut permeability. However, whether macromolecular permeability is also elevated during hibernation is not known. To investigate the severity of the permeability change, we gavaged summer squirrels and hibernators that were fully aroused (Tb~37 °C) with FITC‐labeled dextran (MW 4kD). Appearance of label in plasma 3 h later was ~10‐fold greater in hibernating (n=6) vs. summer (n=6) squirrels (P<0.05). Western analysis showed that cecal expression of the tight junction protein occludin is 3.5‐fold greater in hibernators (n=12 each group) (P<0.01). We hypothesize that in the setting of elevated gut permeability during hibernation, upregulation of occludin expression may help restrict microbes and their products to the gut lumen, thereby minimizing the risk of mucosal inflammation and sepsis.


Through lyrics, pitch, and rhythm, music is a natural way of expressing one's thoughts. As one of the essential music composition elements, lyrics composition is complicated as it requires creativity and follows a particular rhythm pattern. This thesis created two neural network models for composing lyrics in three genres and produced scoring functions to select and evaluate generated songs. We treat this problem as a text generation task. We analyzed the features of lyrics in different genres. The neural networks we have experimented with are generative adversarial network (GAN) based transfer learning for a deep learning model and recurrent neural network (RNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) based deep learning model. The lyrics evaluation functions consider lyrics' quality, rhyme density, and sentiment ratio. As a part of the quantitative evaluation, we also conducted user studies, and we invited 25 people to rate the generative songs selected by the scoring functions. We discovered that the GAN based models perform better than RNN-LSTM based models and the scoring functions are useful in choosing good songs.


With successive free recall lists primacy items are usually among the first to be reported on the initial list. Recency items will then take over and be first reported on later lists. This retrieval shift was studied under varied list conditions designed to counteract ordinary position effects, and proved to be a stable and resistent effect. One experiment had subjects practice on five different free recall lists over three trials, and the results agreed with the hypothesis that primacy reduction is caused by proactive interference rather than by the primacy to recency report shift. Experiments of the usual one-session laboratory type have consistently failed to show practice effects on serial lists with incompatible spatial and temporal order cues. In a case study of five subjects examined over a period of three months only slight improvement on single-trial lists was observed. However, when naive subjects were given four successive trials with the same type of cue-conflict list, prominent practice effects were easily demonstrated. Observations confirmed the assumption that repeated presentations of items located in middle list positions may counteract the privilege of primacy and recency positions. When repetitions were made within contracting and expanding lists, the results proved that active anchoring, making itself visible as primacy effects, is feasible with contracting lists but difficult with expanding lists. Active performance of list learning strategies generally results in primacy effects; whereas passive shortcut procedures, in learning and retrieval of information, produce recency effects. Predominant recency effects are symptoms of difficult task situations only partially mastered by the learner; primacy effects point to more successful elaboration. Overall, serial position effects do not seem to be due to structural memory stores so much as to the working of cognitive strategy factors. A problem-solving theory was presented as an alternative to information-processing models of serial learning and memory.


This paper is designed to critique the goal setting literature, with particular emphasis on the effectiveness of different types of goals for successful transfer in management development programme...


Hearing apparatus to be worn on the ear with - an electrical switching device having an actuating element (2) and a deformable with the actuator contact spring (4), for turning on and off of the hearing device, wherein - the contact spring (4) has a mounting portion (40) and a relative thereto movable portion (42), characterized, in that - the movable section (42) a first and a second tongue separated therefrom (43, 44) of the contact spring (4), which are connected together at their one ends, - the actuating element (2) for moving the movable portion (42) of the contact spring (4) at the first tongue (43) engages and - the second tongue (44) has a contact portion (48) for contacting a predetermined element.


This paper presents an approach called adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for the transient stability assessment by considering contingency conditions of networks. The contingency condition herein means a case of transmission outage and network configuration change. In addition, in this study all significant dynamic parameters of a power system (e.g. machine models, excitation systems, turbine governors, and load characteristic etc.) are considered for the estimation. We use the critical clearing time for the transient stability index. The 9-bus IEEE is applied for the power dynamic simulation. Finally, this study shows that the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system can be applied with the real-time critical clearing time estimation subject to contingency conditions and some parameters affecting the system's dynamic behavior are taken into account.


Tools such as genome-wide association study (GWAS) and genomic selection (GS) have expedited the development of crops with improved genetic potential. While GWAS aims to identify significant markers associated with a trait of interest, the goal of GS is to utilize all marker effects to predict the performance of new breeding lines prior to testing. A GWAS for grain yield (GY), yield components, and agronomic traits was conducted using a diverse panel of 239 soft winter wheat (SWW) lines evaluated in eight site-years in Arkansas and Oklahoma. Broad sense heritability of GY (H=0.48) was moderate compared to other traits including plant height (H=0.81) and kernel weight (H=0.77). Markers associated with multiple traits on chromosomes 1A, 2D, 3B, and 4B serve as potential targets for marker assisted breeding to select for GY improvement. Validation of GY-related loci using spring wheat from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in Mexico confirmed the effects of three loci in chromosomes 3A, 4B, and 6B. Lines possessing the favorable allele at all three loci (A-C-G allele combination) had the highest mean GY of possible haplotypes. The same population of 239 lines was used in a GS study as a training population (TP) to determine factors that affect the predictability of GY. The TP size had the greatest effect on predictive ability across the measured traits. Adding covariates in the GS model was more advantageous in increasing prediction accuracies under single population cross validations than in forward predictions. Forward validation of the prediction models on two new populations resulted in a maximum accuracy of 0.43 for GY. Genomic selection was "superior" to marker-assisted selection in terms of response to selection and combining phenotypic selection with GS resulted in the highest response. Results from this study can be used to accelerate the process of GY improvement and increase genetic gains in wheat breeding programs. ©2018 by Dennis Nicuh Lozada All Rights Reserved


Massive scale deep learning enables HPC systems to finish the training of the large-scale data sets (e.g. ImageNet) in several tens of seconds [1]. Therefore, even a small tail latency of a storage system relatively impacts the total training time. Most of the distributed deep learning applications adopt the data parallel approach, which runs multiple training processes for the different data set on different compute nodes. For each iteration of a training process, all processes exchange values with other processes with all-reduce operations in a synchronous manner. This type of data parallel distributed deep learning application is sensitive to delayed I/O operations. In most cases, training data sets are stored in shared parallel file systems, which usually have tail latency problems. Replacing the only a few fractions of training data set does not have major impacts so that we are developing a method to eliminate the effect of the I/O tail latency by discarding the delayed I/O requests.


To improve electrical properties a high temperature annealing treatment was applied to several transparent conductive oxides (TCO), namely tin doped indium oxide (ITO), Ga- or Al- doped ZnO (ZnO:Al/Ga), ion beam assisted deposited (IBAD) ZnO:Ga and Ga doped zinc magnesium oxide (ZnMgO:Ga). All these films were grown by magnetron sputtering. During the annealing process all TCO films were capped with 50 nm of amorphous silicon in order to protect the films from environmental impact. Increase in mobility up to 72 cm2/Vs and low resistivity of 1.6 × 10−4 Ωcm was achieved for ZnO:Al after annealing at 650°C for 24 h. Independent of the deposition conditions and doping or alloying material almost all ZnO based films show a consistent improvement in mobility. Also for ITO films a decrease in resistivity with partially improved mobility was found after annealing. However, not all ITO films show consistent improvement, but carrier density above 1021 cm−3 while ZnO films show no clear trend for carrier density but a remarkable increase in mobility. Thus we propose the healing of defects and the activation of donors to be most significant effects for ZnO and ITO films, respectively.


Graph-structured analytics has been widely adopted in a number of big data applications such as social computation, web-search and recommendation systems. Though much prior research focuses on scaling graph-analytics on distributed environments, the strong desire on performance per core, dollar and joule has generated considerable interests of processing large-scale graphs on a single server-class machine, which may have several terabytes of RAM and 80 or more cores. However, prior graph-analytics systems are largely neutral to NUMA characteristics and thus have suboptimal performance. This paper presents a detailed study of NUMA characteristics and their impact on the efficiency of graph-analytics. Our study uncovers two insights: 1) either random or interleaved allocation of graph data will significantly hamper data locality and parallelism; 2) sequential inter-node (i.e., remote) memory accesses have much higher bandwidth than both intra- and inter-node random ones. Based on them, this paper describes Polymer, a NUMA-aware graph-analytics system on multicore with two key design decisions. First, Polymer differentially allocates and places topology data, application-defined data and mutable runtime states of a graph system according to their access patterns to minimize remote accesses. Second, for some remaining random accesses, Polymer carefully converts random remote accesses into sequential remote accesses, by using lightweight replication of vertices across NUMA nodes. To improve load balance and vertex convergence, Polymer is further built with a hierarchical barrier to boost parallelism and locality, an edge-oriented balanced partitioning for skewed graphs, and adaptive data structures according to the proportion of active vertices. A detailed evaluation on an 80-core machine shows that Polymer often outperforms the state-of-the-art single-machine graph-analytics systems, including Ligra, X-Stream and Galois, for a set of popular real-world and synthetic graphs.


The following is a reconstruction from notes of remarks at a session welcoming participants to a conference on the labor process and the labor movement held under the auspices of the Department of Sociology at the Binghamton campus of the State University of New York, May 5-7, 1978. The conference was dedicated to the memory of Harry Braverman, whose great work Labor and Monopoly Capital provided the focus or starting point of most of the papers presented at the conference. -P.M.S.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


An X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and thermogravimetry (TG) study has been carried out to analyze the sintering of calcium supported on carbon during pyrolysis treatment and during CO 2 -carbon gasification. The following variables have been studied: (a) the heating rate effect during pyrolysis on calcium dispersion as a function of calcium content; (b) calcium sintering and deactivation during CO 2 -carbon gasification as a function of the reaction temperature and of the initial calcium dispersion, and (c) the effect of the chemical state of calcium (CaCO 3 or CaO) on the calcium sintering rate


Background & Objectives: Harvard step test has been given much attention to select highly physically active persons who will be capable of doing hard work so that they may be recruited in various sports & games or appropriate industrial occupations. The present study was carried out in medical students to determine the Harvard Step Test (HST). There is significant difference in Harvard Index (HI) or Physical Fitness Index (PFI) in male and female students because males are generally more aggressive and accepts challenges more than females, also there is significant difference in Height (Ht) and Weight (Wt) in males and females. So, PFI affected by body size as evidenced in the co-relation PFI with height and weight. Methods: The study was conducted in department of physiology, MNR Medical College, Sangareddy. A total of 133 subjects were selected, of whom 73 were male and 60 were female medical students whose age varied from 17 to 19 years. The subjects selected for this study were medical students admitted for First MBBS Course. The PFI or HI of the subjects was calculated by asking the subject to perform Harvard Step test. Prior to the test, age (Yrs), height (cm) and weight (kg) were recorded. Results: In the present study, the mean Harvard Index or PFI was 83.0101 in males and 60.2425 in females. Mean values of height and weight were 170.5603cms & 56.3219kgs in males and 156.14cms & 49.2Kgs in females respectively. Interpretation & Conclusion: Low mean value of PFI in female subjects compared to male subjects can thus be attributable to their lower body weight and height; also, males are generally more aggressive and accept challenges more than females. This present study is an attempt to modify Harvard step test with classification of score. But for Indians it is necessary to modify the step test because of short stature.


Microtoid cricetids are widely considered to be the ancestral form of arvicoline rodents, a successful rodent group including voles, lemmings and muskrats. The oldest previously known microtoid cricetid is Microtocricetus molassicus from the Late Miocene (MN9, ca. 10–11 Ma) of Europe. Here, we report a new microtoid cricetid, Primoprismus fejfari gen. et sp. nov., from the Junggar Basin of Xinjiang, northwestern China. The rodent assemblage found in association with this specimen indicates a late Early Miocene age, roughly estimated at 18–17 Ma, and thus more than 6 million years older than M. molassicus. While morphological comparisons suggest that the new taxon is most closely related to M. molassicus, it differs from the latter in a striking combination of primitive characters, including a lower crown, smaller size, a differentiated posterolophid and hypolophid, a faint anterolophid, the absence of an ectolophid, and the presence of a stylid on the labial border of the tooth. Arid conditions prevailing across the mid-latitude interior of Eurasia during the Early Miocene, enhanced by the combined effects of the Tibetan uplift and the gradual retreat of the Tethys Ocean, likely played a role in the appearance of grasslands, which in turn triggered the evolution of microtoid cricetids and, ultimately, the origin of arvicoline rodents.


In response to the rise of collaborative learning within education, two teacher educators redesigned their courses to explore the complexities of pedagogy within a New Learning framework. Multi‐age grouping provided opportunities for pre‐service teachers to work with others from different year levels on an interdisciplinary assessment task. As a result of this approach to teaching and learning, pre‐service teachers were challenged and resistance arose. These acts of student resistance provided opportunities for examining the dynamics and complexity of collaborative learning and the implications this has for teachers in new times. In particular, it explores the tension around intervening and ignoring students' resistances created by engaging in new learning pedagogy.


FIELD: hoisting equipment. SUBSTANCE: elevator comprises upper running rail, lower running rail and slide moving along the rails. Four driving rollers connected to drive are installed on the slide. In some embodiments each driving roller has independent driving unit made as geared engine. The geared engine has self-braking reduction gear. Driving roller is connected to output reduction gear shaft. In the first embodiment slide has frame with fixed carrying member and movable carrying member connected thereto. Each of fixed and movable carrying members has two driving rollers with geared engines. Movable carrying member may rotate about axis transversal to movement direction and is arranged so that space between movable carrying member and fixed one may be changed. The movable carrying member is urged towards running rail with resiliently compressed strut. In the second embodiment driving rollers are arranged from opposite sides of load-bearing plates. Reduction gears are made as bevel gears, wherein each drive of geared engine of each load-bearing panel is near reduction gear of another geared engine. EFFECT: simplified structure and increased reliability. 7 cl, 11 dwg


Regulation plays without doubt an important role in leveling the playing field in the bank-ing sector, but also in constraining the market players with the goal of financial market stabil-ity and consumer protection. In this paper we show that the impact of regulation goes beyond this, as the structure of the regulation process also directly shapes the market architecture of the regulated sector. Based on case study evidence on the introduction of Basle II in a national legislation, we describe from distinct perspectives how the regulation process has taken place, and formulate a set of propositions on the interactions and relationships between the regulator and regulated entities during the process as well as the impact on standard setting and on the strategic options of market players. The results suggest that, in the context of transformation of complex and to some extent vague regulations into the national legislature, the regulator is dependent on the interaction with major regulated entities in order to be able to set standards, especially when market players have an advantage in the relevant resources and capabilities. We show that this setting shows traits of club formation, in which club members become regulatory intermediaries during standard setting process, with an impact on the entire indus-try.


ABSTRACT In the previous study, the effect of date palm fibers on the shear strength of adhesively bonded joints has been investigated by the same authors. Nevertheless, the role of these bio-based fibers on the fracture energy of adhesives has not been explored. The current study was conducted to comprehend the influences of date palm fibers on mode I fracture energy (GIc ) of adhesives. To this aim, the fibers were collected from four different parts of a date palm tree (Bunch, Rachis, Petiole, and Mesh). After an alkalization treatment, they were cut into 0.5 to 2 mm and added to the adhesive in three various weight ratios (2, 5, and 10%). The fracture energy of the neat and reinforced adhesively bonded double cantilever beam (DCB) was then experimentally analyzed utilizing a compliance-based method. The outcomes prove the outstanding potential of the date palm fibers in enhancing the tensile fracture energy of adhesives. The highest improvement in GIc was achieved by 10 wt% Rachis fibers where the fracture energy of the enhanced adhesive was 7.6 times higher than the neat adhesive. The microscopic images of fracture surfaces revealed the significant roles of the considered fibers in the improvement of the GIc of the adhesive.


3568 Background: The geldanamycin analogue 17-DMAG inhibits the ATPase activity of HSP90, thus altering client protein & chaperone interactions and targeting client proteins for degradation. The plethora of oncogenic HSP90 client proteins offers the potential of combinatorial blockade across multiple, cancer causing signalling pathways in cancer. Methods: 17-DMAG was administered weekly to patients with advanced, solid tumours using a dose-doubling 3 + 3 Phase I design. The pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) analyses undertaken were validated to comply with U.K clinical trial legislation. Results: 10 patients, 7 male and 3 female with a mean age of 60 years (range 38 - 78) have received 107 infusions (mean 10.7 weeks, range 2 - 30) at dose levels of 2.5mg/m2, 5mg/m2 & 20mg/m2. No dose-limiting or drug related grade 3 or 4 toxicity has occurred in 9 patients eligible for toxicity assessment. A linear relationship exists between dose and AUC and Cmax (see table). Hsp72 induction and CDK4 depletio...


A novel unsymmetrical phthalimide-containing phthalonitrile (PIPN) was successfully synthesized. The chemical structure of the PIPN monomer was confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques. Rheology and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that the self-promoted curing reaction of the PIPN was an extremely sluggish process. The fully cured PIPN polymers showed excellent thermal properties revealed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and DSC. IR and solid-state UV-Vis diffusion reflectance spectra confirmed the formation of the triazine and phthalocyanine ring during the curing reaction. Rheometric studies suggested that the curing reaction of phthalonitrile with a phthalimide group was faster compared to the reaction with a benzimidazole ring, and a nucleophilic addition reaction mechanism was successfully introduced to explain this phenomenon.


A new method for the seismic performance assessment of structures subjected to a sequence of earthquakes is presented. The method is based on the cyclic pushover analysis of a multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) structure. Instead of relying on a single value of target displacement, as in the case of monotonic push-over methods, a simplified cyclic displacement history is derived from an equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) structure for the assessment of the MDOF one. The main advantage of the method is that it directly accounts for cyclic degradation of the actual MDOF system while retaining the simplicity and computational efficiency of SDOF systems for displacement demand evaluation, thus making it attractive for practical applications. The procedure is exemplified in detail using ductile and nonductile reinforced concrete (RC) frames as benchmark structures subjected to the Central Italy sequence. Further comparison with fully nonlinear time-history analysis and code-prescribed monotonic pushover is provided in order to assess the accuracy and advantages of the proposed method.


This paper is meant to provide a general overview of the subject of offshore outsourcing in America. The debate over offshore outsourcing has been triggered by the increasing trade deficit and steep decline in manufacturing employment over the latest business cycle. Furthermore, as technological advances allow for service functions to relocate abroad, a larger segment of workers are now faced with international competition. Most studies find that the current level of offshore outsourcing of services is benign compared to the net job creation in America. Estimates show that in the longer run, as many as 14 million service jobs are in danger. In manufacturing, still more areas are being affected by foreign competition. The offshore outsourcing of jobs and functions increases productivity and has a tendency to increase demand for higherskilled labour. It also lowers prices particularly benefiting lower-income families. On an aggregate basis, it provides America with a net gain. However, there is a growing concern that offshore outsourcing does not only imply transitional costs as the economy undergoes structural change, but that it creates a permanent downwards pressure on wages for many groups in competition with cheaper labour overseas. This entails more focus on the needs for adult training and education. Free world trade remains a precondition for globalisation and the exploitation of international division of labour. At both federal and state level of government, there is a trend towards more protectionism. The Chinese peg to the dollar and the opening of overseas markets for American goods and services have taken centre-stage. The author is currently serving as finance attache to The Royal Danish Embassy in Washington. The author would like to thank Cathrine Mann and Jacob Kierkegaard, Institute for International Economics, Kristjan Prikk, Estonian Embassy, and Soren Skydsgaard, Royal Danish Embassy for valuable comments and insight. Trine Rosenskjold, Majbritt Jacobsen, Daniel Hummel, and Elisabeth Crone Jensen, Royal Danish Embassy have provided essential assistance throughout the process. All errors and omissions are (as always) solely the responsibility of the author. Washington, 21 December 2004


At least about 50 wt% (N × 6.25) d. b. Pulses protein products having a protein content of extracts legumes protein source with a calcium salt solution in one form, is recovered in the processing of legumes protein source material for forming the pulses protein product. Resulting legumes protein solution separated from the majority of the residual pulses protein source, then treated beans protein solution removed finer residual solid, which was washed with optionally dried to provide pulses protein product. In another form, the legume protein source is extracted with water to remove most of the residual protein source, the resulting protein solution is treated with calcium salts is precipitated phytate. The precipitated with phytic acid, the initial separation step and a fine residual solid from remaining in solution is taken out from legumes protein solution, then washed and dried, optionally, provides pulses protein product.


Nowadays, knowledge about design and implementation models of current version of software system and also knowledge about application domain of software system are important for software engineering processes related to design, management, maintenance and modification of software system. Utilization of proper knowledge can streamline and speed up each phase of software system life cycle and increase quality of outcome software and length of its operation. This paper briefly analyzes types of knowledge which could be utilized in software development and maintenance process and the ways how they can be acquired and stored. Proposed model-driven maintenance is based on utilization of knowledge acquired from abstract models of software system, which could be used as easy readable and understandable source of essential knowledge for maintenance process. The paper also analyzes the need of representing the knowledge about application domain in form of ontologies and the possibilities of using OMG specification of Ontology Definition Metamodel as a basis for development of these ontologies.


In data transmission systems used to transmit numerical information over considerable distances for control or indication purposes, the information is sent as a serial train of digits to conserve bandwidth, each digit having two possible states. The paper describes a system for the transmission of such information using the Dekatron tube in a number of roles. These tubes enable the functioning of the timing system to be monitored so that faults may be quickly and easily located by visual observations of the behaviour of the glow discharges.


An F1 tetraploid hybrid between 4n sugarbeet and 4n B. corolliflora, highly resistant or immune to curly top virus, was obtained by V. Savitsky. The b1 and b2 hybrid generations were produced by po...


1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to reassess the property in terms of corporate management is to analyze how...


Based on the concept of virtual crack, the fatigue and fracture analysis of defected generator rotor are conducted, and the conclusion of unlimited life of the repaired generator rotor is gained.


Papers and discussions concerning the geotechnical applications of remote sensing and remote data transmission, sources of remotely sensed data, and glossaries of remote sensing and remote data transmission terms, acronyms, and abbreviations are presented. Aspects of remote sensing use covered include the significance of lineaments and their effects on ground-water systems, waste-site use and geotechnical characterization, the estimation of reservoir submerging losses using CIR aerial photographs, and satellite-based investigation of the significance of surficial deposits for surface mining operations. Other topics presented include the location of potential ground subsidence and collapse features in soluble carbonate rock, optical Fourier analysis of surface features of interest in geotechnical engineering, geotechnical applications of U.S. Government remote sensing programs, updating the data base for a Geographic Information System, the joint NASA/Geosat Test Case Project, the selection of remote data telemetry methods for geotechnical applications, the standardization of remote sensing data collection and transmission, and a comparison of airborne Goodyear electronic mapping system/SAR with satelliteborne Seasat/SAR radar imagery.


For the characteristics of long-term, widely-involved, methods-various in highway construction, the application demand of the trans-simulation in highway construction process is proposed. The core of the trans-simulation is model self-match algorithm. Based on the algebraic analysis methods of Petri nets,the re-lation between output and parameters of models is built, the model productivity expression, the definition of relative-degree of transitions as well as its calculation formula, the model time parameters adjustment for- mula are deduced,the flow chart of the self-match algorithm is summarized.


The new calix[4]arene derivatives 6 and 9, which are both readily prepared from the cone conformations of calix[4]arene tetra-ethers, are both ionophores which show some Na+/K+ selectivity; the derivative 6 with two cation binding sites shows evidence for cooperativity between the two mechanically linked sites.


Zigzag functions were deened by Brassard, Cr epeau and SS antha 1] in connection with an application to the construction of oblivious transfers (a useful tool in cryptographic protocols). They proved that linear zigzag functions are equivalent to self-intersecting codes, which have been studied by several researchers. In this paper, we begin an investigation of general (linear or non-linear) zigzag functions. In particular, we prove some bounds (i.e., necessary conditions for existence of zigzag functions) which generalize known bounds for linear zigzag functions.


Canada's doctors and patients have a collective responsibility to reform the delivery of health care so that they're getting the biggest bang for their buck, argued President Dr. Jeff Turnbull in his inaugural address at the Canadian Medical Association's annual general meeting in Niagara


With the development of the science and technology, a new business model for publishing tasks over the internet has emerged. This paper mainly focuses on the task completion of crowdsourcing platform and pricing scheme. By packaging tasks centrally, we establish a task pricing model based on partial least square regression and partial binary tree support vector machine. Traditional pricing schemes only consider the benefits of the platform but neglect the benefits of the users. Thus, it has the problem of low completion rate and dispersion of tasks. Comparing with the traditional pricing scheme, this model can not only improve the task completion rate but also maximize the benefits of both the task platform and the user. Besides, the model can avoid the problem of user congestion and make the model more secure and reliable. Keywords—partial binary tree support vector machine; genetic algorithm; crowdsourcing platform


Pyrazole and pyridine adducts of methyltrioxorhenium(VII) form bisperoxo complexes with excess H2O2 (see picture). Density functional calculations reveal that the increased efficiency of these complexes as catalysts for olefin epoxidation originates from their stability and from the moderate energies of the corresponding transition states. Nonaromatic nitrogen-base ligands reduce the catalytic performance of the adducts, in agreement with the computational results.


Transient wave processes in viscoelastic structures built from functionally graded material (FGM) still remain almost unexplored. In this article, the problem of the propagation of nonstationary longitudinal waves in an infinite viscoelastic layer of a FGM with plane–parallel boundaries is considered. The physical and mechanical parameters of the FGM depend continuously on the transverse coordinate, while the wave process propagates along the same coordinate. The viscoelastic properties of the material are taken into account employing the linear integral Boltzmann–Volterra relations. The viscoelastic layer of the FGM is replaced by a piecewise-homogeneous layer consisting of a large number of sub-layers (a package of homogeneous layers), thus approximating the continuous inhomogeneity of the FGM. A solution of a non-stationary dynamic problem for a piecewise-homogeneous layer is constructed and, using a specific example, the convergence of the results with an increase in the number of sub-layers in the approximating piecewise-homogeneous layer is shown. Furthermore, the problem of the propagation of nonstationary longitudinal waves in the cross section of an infinitely long viscoelastic hollow FGM cylinder, whose material properties continuously change along the radius, is also considered. The cylinder composed of the FGM is replaced by a piecewise-homogeneous one, consisting of a large number of coaxial layers, for which the solution of the non-stationary dynamic problem is constructed. For both the layer and the cylinder composed of a viscoelastic FGM, the results of calculating the characteristic parameters of the wave processes for the various initial data are presented. The influence of the viscosity and inhomogeneity of the material on the dynamic processes is demonstrated.


The rapid rise of online social networks like YouTube, Facebook, Twitter allows people to express their views more widely online. However, at the same time, it can lead to an increase in conflict and hatred among consumers in the form of freedom of speech. Therefore, it is essential to take a positive strengthening method to research on encouraging, positive, helping, and supportive social media content. In this paper, we describe a Transformer-based BERT model for Hope speech detection for equality, diversity, and inclusion, submitted for LT-EDI-2021 Task 2. Our model achieves a weighted averaged f1-score of 0.93 on the test set.


In order to improve the performance of cache for search applications,this paper proposed a new replacement algorithm — the Least Cache Value(LCV) algorithm.The algorithm took into account the object access frequency and size of the object.The set of objects in the cache which has the minimum contribution to Byte Hit Ratio(BHR) should have priority to be replaced.Moreover,the selection of optimal replacement set of objects was transformed into classical 0-1 knapsack problems and a rapid approximate solution and the data structure of algorithm were given.The experiment proves that the LCV algorithm has better performance in increasing BHR and reducing Average Latency Time(ALT) than algorithms of LRU(Least Recently Used),FIFO(First-In First-Out) and GD-Size(Greed Dual-Size).


Phan Chau Trinh (18721926) is one of the most typical reformist in Vietnam in the early twentieth century. The article analyzes his political views and the concept of national salvation he proposed. For a more complete and objective disclosure of the role of Phan Chu Trinh, archival documents, mainly collected in France, as well as proceedings of scientific seminars and conferences of recent years, were involved. In the context of the Đoi moi reforms carried out since 1986 and the country's course towards international integration, reference to the history of Vietnam and the activities of famous political figures such as Phan Chau Trinh, who made a huge contribution to the struggle for independence, is of particular relevance.


Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Humans spend up to a third of their life asleep, yet sleep problems are common in society [1]. Sleep disorders, such as insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea, not only affect optimal functioning and productivity, but have long term impacts on health. Over the last two decades, emerging research has linked sleep duration, quality and sleep disorders with CVD, metabolic syndrome and obesity. This essay will explore the role of sleep in maintaining a healthy heart, and how strategies to improve sleep can reduce CVD risk.


As a standardized approach of test and assessment, conformation test has been applied in many fields, such as IT, industrial robotization systems and integration, etc. but not in geographic information. This paper presents the main concepts, objects, processes and methodologies in conformation testing of geographic information, in order to promote application of the test in geographic information in our country.


Perspective dynamical systems arise in machine vision problems, in which only perspective observation is available, and the essential problem is to estimate the state and /or unknown parameters for a moving rigid body based on the observed information. This paper proposes and studies a Luenberger-type observer for perspective time-varying linear systems. In particular, assuming a given perspective time-varying linear system to be Lyapunov stable and to satisfy some sort of observability condition, it is shown that the estimation error converges exponentially to zero. Finally, a simple numerical example is presented to illustrate the result obtained. Keyword: nonlinear observer, perspective system, time-varying systems, observability, exponential stability.


Use map-reduce methods to set up tools for analysis of large data samples from the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland.


In this paper we obtain generating functions for the Legendre polynomials \(P_n (x)\) in its modified form by using Weisner's group theoretic method. Whereas, we deployed it to determine the new generating relations between the generalized Legendre polynomials and with easy way. The ideas in consent with proofs are originated from the book of McBride [8] and is used to determine new generating relations which involve modified Legendre polynomials.


The important roles of a nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) are widely accepted in various biological processes as well as metabolic diseases. Despite the worldwide quest for pharmaceutical manipulation of PPARγ activity through the ligand-binding domain, very little information about the activation mechanism of the N-terminal activation function-1 (AF-1) domain. Here, we demonstrate the molecular and structural basis of the phosphorylation-dependent regulation of PPARγ activity by a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, Pin1. Pin1 interacts with the phosphorylated AF-1 domain, thereby inhibiting the polyubiquitination of PPARγ. The interaction and inhibition are dependent upon the WW domain of Pin1 but are independent of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans-isomerase activity. Gene knockdown experiments revealed that Pin1 inhibits the PPARγ-dependent gene expression in THP-1 macrophage-like cells. Thus, our results suggest that Pin1 regulates macrophage function through the direct binding to the phosphorylated AF-1 domain of PPARγ.


x INTRODUCTION 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 6 Weight Estimates for Determining Grazing Capacity 6 Direct Estimates of Biomass 6 Relative Weight Estimates 13 Reference Plots 13 Clipped Samples as References 18 Indirect Estimates of Biomass 23 Integrated height and cover estimates 23 Visual Obstruction Readings 30 Electronic Measurements of Biomass 32 Measuring Capacitance 32 Canopy Analysis 35 Individual Biomass Contributions for Determining Ecological Relationships 36


The importance of trout enterprises which are the ones out of particularly fishery enterprises of fishery sector is gradually increasing in these days during which the globalization has gained speed. In this study the addresses obtained from the ministry of food, agriculture and livestock records were used. The Delphi survey methodology was applied to these trout enterprises. The followings have to be done to solve the problems of trout farming and to develop the trout farming according to expert opinions obtained from the survey results: establishing a trout enterprise, providing continuity in production and reducing the bureaucratic formalities required for putting the produced good on the market. Production of baby trout and egg free from any disease has to be promoted to provide a production of good quality and high efficiency. Fish-feed prices are high. Thus, the prices should be reduced without reducing the feed quality. Reducing the taxes may be a good option to solve this problem. It will be useful that the credit institutions provide alternative conditions to meet the credit requirements of the enterprises by taking into consideration the current situations of the enterprises. The enterprises should be promoted by the relative institutions both during establishment phase of the enterprises and the production phase. For the solution of the problems generally encountered in the enterprises, it is an obligation to become a cooperative. As a result, it is obvious that this sector will make progress both economically and scientifically by solving the problems determined by the experts working actively in trout farming sector in different regions of Turkey in a suitable way.


A damage limit prediction model was built due to fracture failure problems of aluminum alloy plates. Based on the global plastic collapse of the entire cross-section containing the defect, the relationships of crack width and depth of fracturing 7075 aluminum alloy plates with either shallow crack or deep crack was analyzed by using reference stress method. The damage limit curves of 7075 aluminum alloy plates with crack was drew, and safety zone of crack propagation under corresponding bending load was confirmed. Then the experimental verification was carried out, results show that calculated results are in good agreement with the test results during the shallow crack stage, while in the deep crack stage experimental results are slightly less than calculated results.


This study was aimed to investigate the effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on the production of bioactive total dietary fibres (TDF) and glucans (α- and β-glucans) in submerged cultures of wild Ganoderma australe and commercial Pleurotus ostreatus, both of Greek origin. The contents of glucans and TDF were determined by using the respective Megazyme enzymatic kits. Glucose and yeast extract (YE) were suggested as appropriate carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, for obtaining simultaneously high production of TDF and β-glucans by G. australe, which are compounds of great pharmacological interest, whereas maltose and YE were found favourable for high production of the above-mentioned functional components by P. ostreatus. The data obtained in this study provide useful information for further development of the studied mushroom fermentation process on a scale of the bioreactor aiming at enhanced TDF and β-glucan production.


Fertilized sea urchin eggs are concentrically located in the perivitelline space. However, after centrifugation or treatment with Ca-free sea water, most eggs came to rest on the bottom of the perivitelline space, and few fibers were detected within the perivitelline space by differential interference microscopy. In normal fertilized eggs with the fibers, the egg shifted to the anode under an electric field and returned to its original position after the field was shut off. In centrifuged eggs without the fibers the recovery to the concentric position was not achieved. Such invariable coincidence of the perivitelline fibers and the concentric position of the eggs shows that the fibers are the structure supporting the egg in the central portion of the perivitelline space.The mechanical properties of these fibers were studied by application of centrifugal and electrophoretic forces. The results indicate that: 1. the fibers show an internal viscous resistance against stretching and 2. tension of the fibers i...


Abstract Recovery from surgery can be facilitated by adaptive coping or it can be inhibited by maladaptive coping. Coping itself can be influenced by personal and social coping resources. Within a longitudinal design, 174 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery were surveyed before the event and interviewed afterwards. Presurgical personal and social resources, such as optimistic self-beliefs and social support, were examined along with social and ruminative ways of coping in terms of a variety of recovery outcomes. Wony, emotional states, mental activity, and physical activity were chosen as indicators of recovery. It was found that personal and social resources predicted recovery and that coping mediated presurgery resources and postsurgery readjustment. Covariance structure analysis revealed that seeking social support was an adaptive way of coping. It was positively associated with perceived self-efficacy and with recovery indicators, whereas rumination was negatively associate...


HERBAL COMBINATION OF THREE: EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVE TO BENZODIAZEPINESWithin a prospective observational cohort study data of 107 patients were included with regard to safety, tolerability and efficacy of Kytta-Sedativum ® Dragees during and after benzodiazepine taper. It could be shown that observed symptoms with respect to quality of sleep and daily mental state enhanced considerably.


Primary leaves of dark-grown barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Weibull's Ida) unroll in darkness when cut into sections shorter than about 2 cm; the shorter the more unrolling. The unrolling pattern of irradiated leaf sections longer than about 2 cm indicates a polarity in the leaves: the top end of the basal section of a divided leaf unrolls more than the base end of the distal section. Earlier reported findings of a stimulus transmission from irradiated to non-irradiated areas can be fully explained by light-piping and by mechanical, mutual influence between irradiated and non-irradiated areas.


A comprehensive study of the CO2 corrosion of carbon steel (X-65) at low partial pressures of CO2 is reported in this paper. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy (RS), synchrotron radiation-grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (SR-GIXRD), and electrode kinetic studies have confirmed that chukanovite, magnetite and siderite are the main corrosion products at low partial pressures of CO2. Chukanovite forms predominantly in the presence of CO2, while magnetite was found to be the major corrosion product in the absence of CO2, although the majority of previous work based on conventional ex-situ materials characterization techniques has implied that siderite is the main corrosion product. Here, it is shown that the nature of corrosion products is strongly dependent on the experimental conditions at low pressures of CO2, which has not been elucidated in previous studies. Accordingly, this study has made a significant contribution to identifying the true nature of corrosion scales formed at low partial pressures of CO2 allowing the development of effective anti-corrosive agents for the control and prevention of carbon steel corrosion at low CO2 partial pressures.


This bibliography provides a list of primary and secondary sources that are beneficial for the practice of law in Arizona. The authors created this bibliography to help Arizona legal practitioners. This bibliography begins with a listing of general publications often used in legal practice. The authors then provide information on Arizona practice books and treatises, which are grouped by topical areas of law. A brief description of each publication is included in the bibliography.


The implementation of the supervision of the principal so far has not been running as it should, even though this is an essential thing to increase teacher competence. This study aims to improve the quality of learning by implementing clinical supervision of the learning process carried out by elementary school teachers. This type of research is a school action research that aims to improve the situation or make school innovations to improve the quality of learning to produce students who think critically, creatively, innovatively, proficiently in solving problems. The design of this clinical supervision model consists of several stages, namely the meeting stage, the observation stage, and the feedback meeting stage. The subjects in this study were 12 school teachers. It collects data using observation techniques using observation sheets developed based on the clinical supervision model. From the results of the clinical supervision observation data analysis, it can be seen that the learning scores in the first cycle have increased in the second cycle. The average score in the first cycle is 70.00. Meanwhile, the average score in the second cycle increased by 95.00. The process of implementing the application of clinical supervision research instruments, observing the learning process, and conducting learning assessments. The analysis of the meeting stage was carried out to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the teacher in the learning process. Based on the results and research findings, it can be said that clinical supervision carried out in schools can improve the quality of teacher learning in terms of developing learning tools, implementing learning, and learning reflection.


A prototype system of a computer-based PCB (Printed-Circuit Board) piercing engine has been designed and constructed. The system utilizes the motors of otherwise unused LQ printers. The performance of the system is currently measured in terms of its time in completing the task of piercing a set of holes whose X-Y coordinates are given manually or semiautomatically by clicking the mouse on the holes of a pre-scanned PCB layout image. To enhance its performance, the sequence of holes to be pierced is generated by applying the nearest-neighborhood heuristics algorithm (NNH) to the given X-Y coordinates. Four methods of the sequence generation have been tested: the default (no optimization) sorter, the rowbased sorter, the column-based sorter, and the NNH. It is concluded that the NNH gives the fastest piercing process. The paper presents the design process, the current limitations of the implementation and possible solutions to tackle the problems.