Book synopsis: What is the relationship between philosophy, social theory and empirical research? In what ways can we claim to 'know' the social world? What properties does the social world possess and what are their implications? This ground-breaking and multi-disciplinary book brings together a distinguished team of leading thinkers to discuss issues surrounding and informing questions such as: what is the 'social', in what ways can we 'know' it, and how can our findings be validated? These issues are discussed in an accessible way, including the relationship of philosophical and research issues to each other, the nature of social reality, properties that may be ascribed to the social, research accounts and rhetorical 'persuasion', and the relations between 'gender and knowing'. The overall concern of the book is to clarify how and in what ways we can claim to know the social world and what implications and consequences this may have for social scientific practice. For too long philosophers, social theorists and methodologists have talked past each other, often unaware of the mutually beneficial insights that each offers the other. This book is intended to contribute to a more constructive encounter and dialogue in order to advance understanding of the problems and possibilities surrounding the quest to know the social world. With this overall aim in mind, it will be essential reading for advanced undergraduates and postgraduate students in the social sciences, as well as philosophers, social theorists, methodologists and social researchers in general.


Although the configuration-arrangmentig and system-designing of the current collective land expropriation practices the legislative concept of "land centrism",it towards an extreme forward.It demonstrates the housing compensation and resettlement be forgotten in collective land expropriation and result the "systemic-absence" in the level of positive law.These two states ultimately make the housing compensation and resettlement show the confusing the text,unfair compensation,resettlement way and so on in practice,which result lots of important disputes.From the response to the current reality demands,Strengthen the legal system construction of housing compensation and resettlement in collective land expropriation,it importment to give accurate positioning from the level of legal principles firstly,it is also the logical starting point of system building.Following the laws of the market value,protection living conditions of being imposed,fairness and anti-discrimination should be the basic principles of the system construction.


Replication is one of the key technologies in promoting the performance of mobile database systems. In this paper, a novel mobile database replication scheme, the transaction-level result-set propagation (TLRSP) model, is put forward. A conflict detection and resolution strategy based on TLRSP is discussed in detail and its implementation algorithm is proposed. In the TLRSP model, mobile users are allowed to access local replicas of the database and to submit local transactions when the system is disconnected. The locally committed transactions are sent to a fixed database server for conflict reconciliation and result-set incorporation when the system is reconnected. The TLRSP model uses the incremental refreshing method to synchronize database replicas and to maintain the consistency of the replicated mobile database system.


The Portrayal of Older Characters in Popular Children's Picture Books: A Content Analysis from 2000 to 2010 Jessica L. Danowski Department of Communications


This project focuses on solving the inpainting problem using both Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) approaches.


Nowadays the disposal of plastic waste is one of the greatest problem faced by us. It is started attracting public attention due to the various environmental and health hazards. Every year million metric tonnes of plastic produced in India. At the same time we are facing issues of failure of roads due to lack of properties and no timely maintenance. This review paper prepared by studying previously published research paper on use of waste plastic in flexible pavement. It also deals with the properties of polymer modified bitumen and application of plastic by wet process. This paper reviewed the polymers like Low Density Polymer (LDPE), High Density Polymer (HDPE), Polypropylene, Polystyrene which can be safely used in flexible pavement without causing environmental hazards. Titanium Dioxide is used as Smoke Absorbent .This review paper have also covered some major issues like leaching of soil , formation of HCL gas , breakdown of plastic into microplastics which may enter into soil or water.


The twenty-first century's emerging social,cultural,political,economic,and ethical values have encouraged a revival of
interest in Kauṭilya's Arthaśāstra,which is expected to gain more attention.During the last three decades,the science of
Financial Management has grown exponentially. It is so because the growing scarcity of resources, both human and
natural, will require better and more scientific Management of these resources.The Arthaśāstra holds a lot of potential
because it contains a lot of ideas and concepts that can be used in management science.The primary goal of this paper is
to find solutions from Kauṭilya's Arthaśāstra to the managerial challenges that today's economies encounter and assess
the relevance of Kauṭilya's model in today's management science,particularly in India.


The invention discloses an intelligent terminal with a detachable function module. The intelligent terminal comprises a main screen device, a storage device arranged in the main screen device and the detachable function module stored in the storage device, and a power interface and a data exchange interface are arranged in the storage device. The main screen device comprises a touchable display screen, a media device and a storage. When the detachable function module is stored in the storage device, the main screen device and the detachable function module conducts data exchange through the data exchange interface. When the detachable function module deviates from the storage device, the main screen device and the detachable function module conducts data exchange in a wireless mode. By means of the intelligent terminal, the wearing device is not required to be provided with a charger and a data line. Meanwhile, the wearing device can be arranged at the best place to meet the requirements of people for high efficiency, energy saving and convenience.


Power system reliability calculation is an important power system analysis method, which is always held in high regard by power system researchers and operators. In this paper, the probability parameters of power system components in various states can be calculated by Markov process based on the parameters of independent outage model and related outage model and Fault enumeration method is used to enumerate all possible faults and disturbances, and calculate the probability of various possible states. A power system reliability analysis system is developed based on PSASP. The application of the system shows that the system has perfect functions and friendly interface and can quickly calculate the technical indicators of power system reliability Evaluation system of the reliability technical indicators is complete, which can be used to evaluate the reliability of the power grid from various angles. The system can help electricity workers understand the weaknesses of power grid or load points in the actual operation of the grid in order to take appropriate measures to prevent accidents or minimize the impact of the accident. It can also provide scientific basis for decision making to workers considering the economy and reliability of power supply grid during making network planning in order to develop a rational power network planning.


We overview logical and computational explanations of the notion of tractability as applied in cognitive science. We start by introducing the basics of mathematical theories of complexity: computability theory, computational complexity theory, and descriptive complexity theory. Computational philosophy of mind often identifies mental algorithms with computable functions. However, with the development of programming practice it has become apparent that for some computable problems finding effective algorithms is hardly possible. Some problems need too much computational resource, e.g., time or memory, to be practically computable. Computational complexity theory is concerned with the amount of resources required for the execution of algorithms and, hence, the inherent difficulty of computational problems. An important goal of computational complexity theory is to categorize computational problems via complexity classes, and in particular, to identify efficiently solvable problems and draw a line between tractability and intractability. We survey how complexity can be used to study computational plausibility of cognitive theories. We especially emphasize methodological and mathematical assumptions behind applying complexity theory in cognitive science. We pay special attention to the examples of applying logical and computational complexity toolbox in different domains of cognitive science. We focus mostly on theoretical and experimental research in psycholinguistics and social cognition.


ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to establish the relationships among 44 chickpea (Cicer) accessions from a minicore collection including 30 cultivars, seven landraces from C. arietinum and seven accessions from C. reticulatum, C. echinospermum, and C. oxyodon species, all with economically important traits and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, by using six amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations. The reaction products were resolved on MetaPhor agarose gel. A total of 64 clear and reproducible AFLP markers were recorded. Mean of polymorphism information content (PIC) values were calculated for each primer pair which ranged from 0.155 (EcoRI-ACC/MseI-CAG) to 0.270 (EcoRI-ACC/ MseI-CTG) with an average of 0.237. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 90% of the total variance was due to differences within populations and 10% due to differences among populations. The results showed that the studied minicore collection is highly variable and could be used as the fundamental base in chickpea breeding programs.


Purpose To evaluate the safety and validity of the treatment of uterine myoma with high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU). Methods One hundred and eighty patients between 30-50 years old with symptomatic hysteromyoma who were suitable for hysterectomy and have had the children were involved. HIFU NIT9000 was used to treat the hysterectomys. Clinical symptoms, the quantity of Hb and the volume of tumors before and after the HIFU treatment were compared. Results No severe complications were found except 6 cases of the first degree burns of skin. Three months later, 92.9% patients of menorrhagia and 96.4% cases of urinary frequency recovered. The sign of anaemia improved with increased quantity of Hb after 3 months HIFU treatment. The volume of the tumors decreased significantly in 173 cases and only 7 cases were operated because of no significant change of myomas. Conclusions HIFU is an effective method for the treatment of uterine myoma with few side effects.


The idea of publishing structured and linked data on the Web started in the early stages of the World Wide Web (WWW) development. The original goal of


In the view of labor division and specialization,the article constructs the trade model of neuclassical economy about labor division and trade barrier and exchange rate.The model includes seven kinds of specialized labor division patterns:self-sufficiency pattern,domestic trade and specialized labor division pattern,domestic trade coexists with international trade pattern,international trade and completely international labor division pattern and other three kinds of economic patterns which possibly exist in the development of economy.The influences which division of labor,tariff and exchange rate have on international trade and one country's trade patterns are explained.It can be drawn the consumer-producer model of Yang xiaokai is only a special case of the model of this article,and it is a general one with the sense of universality.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to analyze if core-strengthening using a swiss ball will decrease pain and improve functional capabilities in chronic nonspecific low back pain. Experimental design with  pretest – posttest group design was applied in this research. There were 19 subjects that meet the inclusion criterias.  The subjects was trained to performed core strengthening exercise using a ball for 12 sessions 3 times per week. Pain intensity was evaluated with Pain numeric rating scale (pain-NRS) and functional capabilities was evaluated with Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Results: Of all 19 subjects which complete 12 sessions of exercise, there are significant increased of pain-NRS (p<0.0001) and ODI (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Core-strengthening exercise using a ball decrease pain intensity and improve functional capabilities in nonspecific chronic low back pain. Keyword: Low Back Pain, Core-Strengthening Exercise, Swiss Ball, Pain Numeric Rating Scale, Functional Capabilities ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis sejauh mana latihan core strengthening menurunkan intensitas nyeri dan meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional pada pasien nyeri punggung bawah nonspesifik kronik. Desain penelitian adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan pretest–posttest group design . Subjek penelitian adalah 19 orang dengan nyeri punggung bawah (NPB) nonspesifik kronik yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Perlakuan yang dilakukan adalah latihan core strengthening menggunakan swiss ball yang dilakukan 3x seminggu sebanyak 12 kali. Penilaian intensitas nyeri menggunakan Pain Numeric Rating Scale ( pain-NRS ) dan kemampuan fungsional diukur dengan Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Hasil: dari 19 subjek penelitian, setelah dilakukan latihan core strengthening menggunakan swiss ball sebanyak 12 kali didapatkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada peningkatan pain-NRS (p<0,0001) dan ODI (p<0,0001). Simpulan: Latihan core-strengthening dengan menggunakan swiss ball dapat menurunkan intensitas nyeri dan memperbaiki kemampuan fungsional pasien NPB nonspesifik kronik. Kata kunci: Nyeri Punggung Bawah, Latihan Core Strengthening , Swiss Ball, Nyeri, dan Kemampuan Fungsional


Social media campaigns such as #BlackLivesMatter have demonstrated Twitter as a powerful tool for anti-racist social activism. This article traces one local hashtag, #BeingMinorityatTCU, which has resurged on the TCU campus in the wake of a university lawsuit. Drawing from Critical Race Theory (Delgado, 1989; Martinez, 2014; Yosso, 2013), specifically counterstory, and public memory scholarship (Greer, 2017; Grobman, 2017; Crawford et al., 2020), this essay argues that digitally archiving tweets is one approach to amplifying marginalized voices that speak out against institutional racism. Curating hashtags is not just as an alternative to official university record keeping, but also an opportunity for both archivists and users to reflect, process, and move towards change together. "Those who benefit from white privilege can use their fragility as a weapon to take down #BLM protest posters, close off city streets to protect confederate monuments, and threaten minority movements with violent over-policing, but white fragility cannot stop hashtags." —Stephanie Jones, "#BlackStudy the Past to Find Hope in the Future" This is an institutional narrative:


Copolymers PMDAB-co-AA with excellent antibacterial activity were designed and prepared (MDAB/AA=methacryloxyethyldimethyl dodecyl ammonium bromide with acrylamide). The chemical structures of the copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR), 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and chemical titration. The antimicrobial activities and kinetics of the copolymer against E. coli and S. aureus were examined by viable cell counting method. The compositions of the copolymers could be easily controlled by the feed molar ratio of MDAB to AA. Furthermore, the highest antibacterial activity was achieved when the molar fraction of MDAB was in a range of 5%―20%, and the killing rate reached 100% under the test conditions. In addition, the antibacterial activity of PMDAB-co-AA was maintained and stable without any loss after 15 times of repeated usage. It was proved that the PMDAB-co-AA samples targeted at cell membrane, and caused serious damage to cell integrity and inner membrane permeation. The surrounding conditions, such as pH and inorgainc salts concentrations(CaCl2 or NaCl), also affected their antibacterial activities. Keywords Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate; Acrylamide; Quaternary ammonium salt; Antibacterial activity


The ability to link the macro and nano world has long been a challenge due to correlation and sample preparation difficulties. X-Ray microscopy is widely accepted as the standard for non-destructive interior tomography imaging of large objects with high resolution. The ability to access these interior objects for further analysis has previously been impossible due to sample damage and lack of precision in correlation when manually cutting the sample. Moreover, this technique requires careful chemical handling for systems of interest such as intact batteries which may have undergone cycling. The adaptation of a FIB-SEM with a femtosecond laser in a dedicated separate chamber has made this workflow feasible. In this work, we present a correlative workflow whereby an intact battery is imaged with an X-Ray microscope and a specific location is targeted for ToF-SIMS analysis through interpretation of the AI reconstructed X-Ray data. To do this, we introduce a major update of the ZEISS Crossbeam Laser, the world's first commercial femtosecond laser FIB-SEM system. Significant enhancements of the laser workflow are described, including the ability to remotely operate the system via robotic sample transfer and automated vacuum handling between the laser chamber and FIB chamber. We furthermore present the ability to automatically load the laser chamber via a robotic arm. Automation of calibration procedures are also enhanced allowing for a 2 micron precision for laser milling. A new capability of the femtosecond laser system, burst mode, further increases ablation rates whilst constraining sidewall slopes


In this paper, the realistic portfolio selection problem is studied and an algorithm named improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) is presented to solve this problem. At first, a realistic portfolio selection model, as an alternative to the standard Markowitz model, is formulated for selecting portfolios with transaction costs and quantity constraint. In addition, due to these complex constraints traditional optimization algorithms fail to work efficiently and heuristic algorithms can be the best method, so we present an improved particle swarm optimization to solve our problem. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate our proposed effective model and method. Experiment results show that our proposed method is an efficient method for solving realistic portfolio selection problem and more superior than standard PSO method.


Recently, a study by Dunford et al. (2019) found out that Canadian processed foods have the highest sodium content than other countries. Out of the twelve countries tested in the survey, Canada was ranked the highest. This survey sparked the interest in comparing the healthiness of domestically processed foods and imported foods available in Canada. Pasta sauce was particularly chosen for this research project. By comparing the sodium and saturated fat content between domestic pasta sauce and imported pasta sauce, the study aimed to determine whether imported pasta sauce is a healthier choice.


Abstract Small diameter (cladding and coating diameter of 100 and 135 μm) polarization maintaining photonic crystal fibres (SDPM-PCFs) possess many unique properties and are extremely suitable for applications in fibre optic gyroscopes. In this study, we have investigated and measured the stress characteristics of an SDPM-PCF using the finite-element method and a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, respectively. Our results reveal a radial and axial sensitivity of 0.315 ppm/N/m and 25.2 ppm per 1 × 105 N/m2, respectively, for the SDPM-PCF. These values are ~40% smaller than the corresponding parameters of conventional small diameter (cladding and coating diameter of 80 and 135 μm) panda fibres.


Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Previously, the consensus strategy against HCV infection was interferon mono-therapy. Now, pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) with ribavirin combination therapy for 24-48 weeks is used against chronic hepatitis C and can achieve a sustained viral response (SVR) in about 50% of patients with genotype 1b and high viral loads. The number of elderly Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C has increased compared to that in western countries. The efficacy of IFN therapy for elderly patients with genotype 1 and high viral titers is lower than in young patients, because the side effects of combination therapy with PEG-IFN and ribavirin are pronounced with a reduction in blood count. To avoid discontinuation of therapy and overcome the low SVR in elderly patients, ribavirin dosing, based on the total clearance of ribavirin (CL/F), may be considered to be increasingly valuable. Approximately 25% of HCV carriers have normal ranges of serum alanine amino transferase (ALT). The rate of SVR in patients with persistently normal serum ALT (PNALT) is almost as same as that in HCV carriers, in terms of IFN therapy. This evidence suggests that patients with PNALT should be considered for IFN therapy. Novel treatment options currently in development are focused on inhibition of HCV-specific enzymes, NS3 protease and NS5B polymerase, and several drugs have entered clinical trials. Now, patients with HCV and liver cirrhosis can be given IFN therapy, except in the case of genotype 1b and high viral loads. This therapy should contribute to an improvement in the prognosis. It would appears that interferon will remain an element of anti-HCV therapy for the immediate future, although new regimens will be necessary for advanced combination therapy. It is hoped that new forms of interferon that are more effective, less toxic, and more convenient can be developed.


The article is devoted to the problem of obtaining computationally efficient mathematical models of dynamic objects with viscoelastic properties on the basis of equivalent transformations of primary mathematical descriptions in the form of integro-differential equations to Volterra integral equations. This takes into account the significantly growing in recent years, the possibilities of computer engineering and software engineering, as well as the positive properties of integral models in their numerical implementation: computational stability, good convergence, resistance to high-frequency spectra of noise, a computational efficiency. Methods of transformation of dynamic models are given, which allow to reduce integro-differential equations to integral equations with Volterra operator, which simplifies the problem of creating modelling algorithms. In particular, the application of integral models in computer modelling problems, which are obtained from primary integro-differential models using the following methods of equivalent transformations: the method of variation of constants, the method of senior derivative, the modified method of substituting variables, which in numerical implementation using quadrature formulas allows to obtain recurrent formulas. An example of application of this method is given. The possibility of solving the direct and inverse problem of determining the impact on a multimass system using the integral form of the Cauchy problem is demonstrated. It is shown that the problem of developing more complete and thorough mathematical models of dynamical systems, namely in the form of integro-differential equations, is important and relevant, and their numerical implementation is necessary for a wide range of applied modelling problems.


Tree mortality plays a vital role in the accuracy of growth and yield calculations. Economic loss caused by Heterobasidion sp. and Armillaria sp. is a common issue in forestry. Estonian forests, which are mostly managed, are susceptible to fungal infection due to freshly exposed wood surfaces, such as stumps and mechanical wounds. External signs of infection are often scarce and may lead to incorrect stand vitality valuation. Modern devices, such as the PiCUS 3 Sonic Tomograph, can be used for non-destructive decay assessment. We assessed decay in two intensively managed Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) stands in order to identify the reliability of sonic tomography in tree vitality assessment. We hypothesize that the tomograph assessment is more accurate than the visual assessment for detecting the extent of decay damage in Norway spruce stems. The sample trees were first visually assessed without additional equipment. In the second phase, the same sample trees were measured with the PiCUS 3 Sonic Tomograph. In the last part of the study, the sample trees were assessed from the tree stumps following the clear-cut. We identified a relationship (p-value < 0.001) between the tomograph assessment and the stump assessment when major decay was present. We did not discover a relationship between the visual assessment and stump assessment, indicating that evaluating the decay from external signs is inaccurate according to our results. Our data also indicate that the tomograph is not able to detect the early stages of decay damage, since it has no substantial effect on the wood structure.


The present work is called "Proposal of Implementation of a System of Management of Occupational Safety and Health based on the OHSAS 18001: 2007 standards in the district municipality of Pacasmayo", proposes a proposal and describes the methodology to be followed to implement a system of management of health and safety in the work and that can be applied in similar companies of the public sector between the main studies realized we have: situational diagnosis, identification of hazards and evaluation of risks faith control, system of management of safety and health in the work , economic and financial evaluation.
The situational diagnosis presents studies and results in relation to the 193 established guidelines, indicating the sources of verification that have been used and those that did not reach. Compliance score, which results in 92.78% of these guidelines are not met and 7.22% of the established guidelines are being complied with within the public entity.
Hazard identification and risk assessment develops IPER analyzes describing the 9 field areas and 4 administrative offices, finding a greater degree of acceptability criterion in drinking water wells with 10.53% and pumping chambers 10.53%, followed by a 9.21% in the public cleaning collectors, and the other areas presenting a lower criterion of average acceptability less than 7%. Also, the control measures are taken based on the results of the IPERC analyzes, which are focused on reducing the degree of risk in critical areas. The occupational safety and health management system is developed on the basis of OHSAS 18001: 2007, in accordance with the logic of the Deming cycle for continuous improvement: plan, verify and establish improvement initiatives;
Finally, the economic evaluation was established, in which the viability of the project to implement the management system in occupational safety and health in the Pacasmayo district municipality was determined, analyzing for this the B / C, which is S /. 1.26.


Uppsala like many other Swedish cities is affected by heavy housing shortage, in terms of too few existing flats and residents within the city limits. Every semester thousands of new students are f ...


Abstract : The specific aims of this study were: (1) To define the types of whole blood, plasma and packed cell viscosity changes occurring following surgical stress and trauma, to relate these changes to metabolic derangements associated with such states, and to define the effects of cellular aggregation and disaggregation on these variables. (2) To serve as testing laboratory for Surgical Division, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, in evaluation of metabolic and blood physico-chemical effects of plasma expanders. (3) To determine the role of pulmonary microembolism associated with massive blood transfusion in development of pulmonary insufficiency.


S-metolachlor is a promising alternative to metolachlor. However, the extensive use of S-metolachlor as herbicide in vegetable fields in China has caused concerns about its environmental fate. Here we investigated the effects of temperature, relative humidity (RH) and PH on the degradation rate of S-metolachlor in vegetable soil. The degradation rates of S-metolachlor increased with increasing temperatures and RH and either acidic or basic PH facilitates S-metolachlor degradation. The degradation of S-metolachlor under these conditions followed the first-order kinetics resulting in the half-lives (T-1/2) ranging from 12.18 d to 70.71 d at 5–35°C, and 27.28 d to 53.72 d at RH 30–90%; and 29.62–19.69 d at pH 6–8. Stronger response of soil enzymes including catalase, dehydrogenase, urease and cellulase to S-metolachlor was detected in soil with high organic matter. PLFA profiles showed that, totally, the microbe populations including actinomycetes, fungi and bacteria increased gradually in the first 14 days after the treatment and decreased from 14d to 28d after the treatment. All the S-metolachlor treatments caused the increase of aerobe and anaerobe. High S-metolachlor concentration, 13.9 mg/kg, could cause significant variation at the first 2 weeks, stimulating growth of the entire soil microbial community. These findings might have practical implications for the fate of S-metolachlor residue in vegetable fields. Environmental factors, especially temperature, relative humidity and pH should be considered in combination with the appropriate application dose of S-metolachlor for achieving satisfactory weed-control efficacy, reducing runoff, and minimizing effects on environmental quality.


In this paper,the control ofa variable speed wind turbine with induction generator is described. The system to be controlled is multivariable with the inputs being the reference generator torque and pitch demand and the outputs the generator torque and generator speed. The most appropriate controller structure is a diagonal one, which simplifies the control design task considerably reducing it to two SISO problems. Below rated wind speed, control of generator speed is achieved via the reference torque. Above rated, speed control is achieved via pitch action and generator torque control is achieved via the reference torque. Care must be taken when implementing the control system since the control errors contain discontinuities.


Leaf phenotypic plasticity of 12 morphological, anatomical, and growth traits was investigated using four species of arctic Festuca (F. baffinensis, F. brachyphylla, F. edlundiae, and F. hyperborea). Plants collected around 78°N in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago were grown for 10 weeks at the University of Toronto in growth chambers in continuous light, under four regimes of temperature and moisture. Significant differences were found between leaves at the time of field collection and leaves of the same plant at the end of the experiment in (i) leaf blade length, (ii) surface vestiture, both in trichome density and angle of the trichomes to the blade surface, and (iii) characters seen in leaf cross sections: blade width, rib thickness, and inter-rib thickness. The four species responded similarly to the experimental conditions, indicating that most of these changes represent part of the developmentally inevitable component of plasticity rather than species-specific adaptations. Trichome density was the o...


Hajj wass a religious ritual that has been there for so long, starting from the
time of Prophet Ibrahim who was recognized as the father of divine
monotheistic religions such as Islam, Judaism and Christianity. Within Islam
itself, the pilgrimage to the autonomous pillars (arkanul al�Islam), binds its
adherents to carry harmony to Mecca once in their lives (mandatory),
especially for those who could be freed from the burden of the material and
social, economic, psychological, and others. By using the theories of cultural
pilgrimage studies see how the current developments, contextualization and
social dynamics of the changing religious practices make it full of a variety of
multi�mainly economic�political interests. Space shift from ethical to
estetisation pilgrimage, from religious ritual to ritual culture, from rationality
to rationality to the goal value, of the worldly asceticism to the hereafter and
so on, are the dynamics of the 21st century pilgrimage. Haji then entered the
vortex of globalization faced paced commodification, and commodities. No
doubt, the practice of pilgrimage and then shifted into shape once the
economy to worship zone is no longer a goal of developing values and
spirituality of the divine, the struggle equivalency of humankind and justice,
but rather to shift the domain of cultural performance, prestige, status, image
and lifestyle of the culprit, especially ONH plus pilgrims who had now
become an arena show upper middle class people, especially in Yogyakarta.


An accurate and realistic brain tissue deformation model with real-time performance is very important for virtual neurosurgical simulation. In this paper, a new finite element method (FEM) brain tissue deformation model, which is based on the optimization implicit Euler method, is introduced. Biomechanical properties of brain tissue such as anisotropy and viscoelasticity are incorporated into the model, which provides more accurate and realistic imitation of the deformation of brain tissue. A descent method with GPU-based implementation is used to solve the optimization problem, which makes it possible to achieve a high degree of computational efficiency. Simulation results show that both the anisotropic and viscoelastic behaviors are presented in the deformation model. The GPU-based implementation of the proposed model significantly improves the computational efficiency over CPU-based FEM models with the implicit integration scheme. Moreover, the result of the proposed model converges to the exact solution of implicit Euler integration after 96 iterations. The proposed model was implemented on the development of a neurosurgical simulator. A relative high degree of realistic brain tissue deformation was rendered at a refreshment rate of 32.5 frames/s on a regular PC.


This study aims to analyze the scientific research that has addressed the negative impact of technology in the educational field. The research is implemented from a methodological approach based on the bibliometric mapping of the scientific production registered in the Web of Science in the period 2008-2019. To do this, indicators of growth, production, impact, topics, keywords, journal references, and analysis of co-citations of authors and co-authors are analyzed. This bibliometric approach is complemented by the analysis of the density, frequency and degree of centrality of the main terms associated with the difficulties and problems of technology in education located in the abstracts and discussion of results in the period 2016-2019. For this purpose, graph theory is developed, using the sigma, cytoscape and graphology libraries. The results show that, among the most common disadvantages linked to the use of technology in education, are: privacy problems, discerning reliable and relevant information, the time required for the preparation of educational materials, the negative impact on academic performance of the students, the lack of resources for its implementation in the classrooms and the infoxication. Finally, it should be noted that in the last three years, the negative impact of technology in the psychosocial field and its impact on teaching-learning processes are beginning to be analyzed in greater depth.


By importing results from graph theory, in particular the theory of edge-colored graphs, we show that correctness of proof nets with the Mix rule can be decided in linear time, and characterize its sub-polynomial complexity. On the other hand, we establish the coNP-hardness of Pagani's visible acyclicity condition on MELL proof structures. 1998 ACM Subject Classification F.4.1 Mathematical Logic, G.2.2 Graph Theory


If you are still weighted down with reams of paperwork, take action now. Rosey Foster urges practice nurses to root out their practice copy of Patients not Paper and beat bureaucracy.


This paper exploits differences in the stringency of balanced budget rules across US states to estimate the effect of the cyclicality of fiscal policy on state GDP growth. While most states have passed laws restricting deficits, the nature and strictness of these laws vary greatly. States with more stringent balanced budget restrictions run more procyclical fiscal policy. We use the diversity in these laws as an instrument for the cyclicality of policy. We find evidence that a more counter-cyclical primary deficit increases a state's average growth rate per capita. This effect is robust to a number of alternative specifications. One concrete policy implication of this analysis is that a state could increase its annual growth rate by relaxing its balanced budget restrictions.


Blockchain is a distributed and secure database that can be applied to all types of transactions. Blockchain technology is growing in popularity because it allows for the development of applications whose information is traceable, immutable, transparent and reliable. Given the advantages that blockchain provides over other traditional systems, in this paper we present a decentralized application, called RectorDApp, for the management of university rector voting in a private, but transparent and immutable way, being able to verify publicly and in real time the election results. RectorDApp, capable of interacting with the Ethereum public blockchain network, was developed using the Truffle framework and the MetaMask software. The results demonstrate that RectorDApp is a highly useful application to address the digital transformation of university rector elections.


The twentieth century has witnessed the birth and the upbringing of performers' rights. Although performances in general are interpretations of works of authorship, the international community has not followed national doctrines that provide performers with copyright protection. Performers, producers of phonograms, and broadcasting organizations have been granted related or neighboring rights instead. The existing international treaties in this field, such as the Rome Convention, TRIPS, and the WPPT have cemented this approach and many legal systems have implemented it. The impressive scope of protection on the international level does not determine its national level. Its existence does not itself justify why a state chooses to join international treaties. I argue that only national law, specifically national constitutions, can furnish compelling legal - not political - reasons whether and to what extent to establish protection for performers. In particular, I analyze whether the national law requires protection of performers by giving them exclusive rights in their performances. Comparing the legals systems of the U.S. and Germany I argue that the United States Constitution does not require a state to protect performers against exploitation of their performances by others. German constitutional law offers a strikingly different approach. The state has a duty to protect its citizen's fundamental rights against interference by non-state actors. The property clause in the Basic Law requires protection for performers. Finally, I propose a method to balance the competing interests known as the proportionality principle.


A probabilistic analysis method is developed for frequencies analysis of turbine blade with uncertain restriction at the root of blade. An energy method is used to derive the eigenvalues equation of the rotating blade with uncertain root restriction. A matrix perturbation technique is employed for the probabilistic analysis to obtain the deterministic part of natural frequencies and vibration modes, the sensitivity matrix, the mean value, the covatiance matrix and the coefficient of variance (CCOV) for the nature frequencies. The coefficient of variance can represent the degree of dispersion for the nature frequencies, and the mean value and the variance can represent the probability distribution characters for the frequencies of blade. The effects of variations in the expectation and the variance of restriction rigidity on the expectation and the variance of the natural frequencies are investigated through an example.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a novel gamma-polymorph of Azelnidipine. As an active pharmaceutical ingredient, the novel gamma-polymorph of Azelnidipine prepared by the method is advantageous of good stability, fast absorption speed, high plasma concentration and long plateau phase.


Issue/problem

Impact assessment is an approach to estimate and anticipate the consequences of plans and policies. It is a key resources for achieving foresight in societal decisions. As such, impact assessment can and does play a crucial role in governing the health implications of policies in all sectors of society. However, human health is often not covered adequately in impact assessments focusing, for example, on environmental impacts. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) has emerged as a response. …


What was being studied in galvanic experiments, among its simple chains of frog legs and metals? Galvanic experiments promised a new technique for investigating the phenomena of muscular contraction, and the respective roles of nerves and muscle fibers and the action of stimuli in effecting contractions. Organic parts, frog legs capable of reacting to stimuli, were also used as sensi tive instruments for detecting weak forms of electricity. But galvanic experi ments seemed also to indicate new forms of electricity, an electricity generated in organic material or through metallic contact, that appeared to be related to and yet distinct from the artificial electricity generated by electrical machines and atmospheric electricity. Galvanic experiments were also productive of chemical changes in organic parts and metals, and thus suggestive of relations between chemistry, electricity and organic processes. Finally, they promised medical applications, as a new useful instrument for the treatments of cer tain ailments and for distinguishing merely apparent from actual death. But because galvanic experiments intersected with such a variety of phenomena and interests, it was not always clear in these experiments what was being studied. In galvanic experiments, what constituted the phenomena being investigated, what was the apparatus generative of the phenomena, and what was the instru ment reading the phenomena? This entanglement of phenomena, apparatus and instruments was at the centre of investigations of galvanic experiments in German settings. Reports of Luigi Galvani's remarkable experiments in German periodicals from 1792 framed them in the terms of Galvani's dispute with Alessandro Volta, and the question of whether Galvani's experiments had disclosed a new form of elec tricity, animal electricity, or whether the frog legs used in the experiments were


This paper is a critical review of the Fall 1992 issue of the Journal of Criminal Justice Education (JCJE), which focused on women in criminal justice education. The review concentrates on three educational areas: curriculum, pedagogy, and the campus climate for students and faculty. Feminism has had a clear effect in each of these areas, but it has not been enough to transform criminology/criminal justice education so that gender is a central organizing theme. Feminist criminology/criminal justice education seems to remain at the margins of the "male-stream."


Nowadays, distance learning education has been started to become familiar in behalf of classical face to face education (F2F) model. Web based learning is a major part of distance education systems. Web based distance learning can be defined shortly as an education type which doesn't force students and educators being into the same mediums. This education model has a student-cantered structure. In this type of education students can learn given lectures without dependency of time and place. And also students can communicate with their educators via various technology platforms. This is a fact that there are many factors have been effecting achievement of students in web-based distance learning. The success of students can be increased while determining weighted achievement factors. This study aims for determining critical achievement factors in a case study of e-mba distance education program held Sakarya University, by using structural equation model.


Band engineering conception of asymmetric quantum-well (QW) heterostructures widens possibilities to control functional performances of semiconductors lasers and other semiconductor optoelectronic devices. We have analyzed a new type of laser diodes and amplitudes based on asymmetric multiple-QW heterostructures having active layers of different thicknesses and component compositions. For such QW systems, it is possible to change the optical gain spectrum in a wide range and to control the set of definite amplification frequencies due to selecting the width, component composition, and doping of QW and barrier regions.


Nowadays, there are several researches conducted about design from Database for the real-time application. A real-time Database system is usually defined as a Database system in which the transaction is correlated with the deadline, right when their transactions are done. Along with the developing of the Database system these days, there are many theories emerged which combines the real-time system with the distributed Database and it is called Distributed Real-time Database System (DRTDBS). One of the foremost utilization of DRTDBS is using Replication. With Replication, all of the data will be sent from the original place to the destination place in real-time. On the other hand, Replication has many shortcomings, either from the consistency of the network or when the network is not working properly. This paper will discuss about how a DRTDBS application is built with the Client-Server concept by utilizing Replication and Binary Log from MySQL. This approach will contribute a new alternative and new concept on the process of synchronization Database in real-time with Binary Log file processing. It is also expected to give contribution in developing DRTDBS in the future.


A major issue in the industrial sector is the highly efficient and economical treatment of hazardous dye-based colour effluents. Spinel ferrite nanoparticles are more prominent for their unique qualities, such as their optical, catalytic, electrical, and magnetic properties. Moreover, physical characteristics of ferrites may be influenced as well as their catalytic properties by substituting metals like magnesium. In this context, herein, MgxCu0.5-xCd0.5Fe2O4 (x=0.1 to 0.5, and Δx=0.1) nano-ferrites were employed to examine the photodecomposition of methylene blue (MB) under visible light. To optimize the reaction conditions, the effects of different operational parameters including irradiation time span, catalyst amount, initial dye concentration, and pH for the degradation of MB dye were investigated. The maximum degradation efficiency of 93.54% was obtained by using 1 g/L catalyst and 10 ppm MB dye at pH 10 within 120 min reaction time. These results demonstrate the applicability of the Mg2+ doped Cu-Cd ferrite samples for water remediation.


A simple method is presented to characterize the dielectric probe for the near-field beam scanning in mm-wave domain. It is shown that the probe spatial-response can be modeled by Gaussian functions and then directly used in the convolution process to determine the actual measured field. Therefore, the complicated classic deconvolution operation can be replaced by an easy comprehensive analytical process for some usual cases. The measurement results are presented together with a short overview of the probe dynamic-range limits and geometrical concerns to improve the accuracy.


Telephone signaling is basically a matter of transferring information between machines, and between humans and machines. The techniques developed to accomplish this have evolved over the years in step with advances in the total telephone art. The history of this evolution is traced, starting from the early simple manual switchboard days to the present Direct Distance Dialing era. The effect of the increasing sophistication in automatic switching and transmission systems and their influence on signaling principles are discussed. Emphasis is given to the signaling systems used between central offices of the nationwide telephone network and the influence on such systems of the characteristics of switching systems and their information requirements, the transmission media and the compatibility problem. A review is made of the forms and characteristics of some of the interoffice signaling systems presently in use. In addition, the problem of signaling between Bell System and overseas telephone systems is reviewed with reference to differing information requirements, signaling techniques and new transmission media. Finally, some speculation is made on the future trends of telephone signaling systems.


During the " China and International Commercial Dispute Resolution" International Workshop and Roundtable held in the Law School of Xi'an Jiaotong University,famed experts and scholars carried out in-depth discussions and interflow on the international commercial legislation and arbitration,international investment arbitration,prospects of China's future international arbitration center,etc. It is held that international commercial legislation presents a trend of multilayer structure and regionalism,and international arbitration remains a dominant dispute resolution mechanism. Facing the fact that the investments of state-owned enterprises of China in foreign countries have undergone repeated setbacks,and China is experiencing the transformation of investment identity,China should address the international arbitration system in a more proactive way. In implementing the going-out strategy and actively participating in the international commercial activities,while China has obtained quite a lot of experiences,it has paid quite a lot of " tuition" as well.What is to be demonstrated in the professional international arbitration center is the good national image of Chinese governance and a prosperous China that is ruled by law will be a positive energy for the good governance of global economy.


1 The scope of Olympic intellectual property and the origin of its legal protection Olympic intellectual property means the exclusive rights applying to trademarks, specific symbols, patents, productions and other creative achievements, associated with specific Olympic entities. Safeguarding Olympic intellectual property entails protecting the relevant rights of individuals. Olympic intellectual property includes the following three types: (1) the property rights belonging permanently to the IOC including the Olympic name, symbol, emblems, flag, motto, anthem, and all matters relating thereto; (2) the property rights which emerge during the period of bidding, construction and organisation of Olympic Games including the Olympic symbol, name, motto, and so on; (3) the property rights obtained by organisations or persons through legal means including the broadcasting rights to Olympic programmes, authorised commodities of Olympic intellectual property, Olympic-related productions and patents relating to these (1). The concept of Olympic intellectual property began in the 1970s when Peter Ueberroth explored the Olympics' commercial operation; it developed rapidly in the 1980s. The legal protection of Olympic intellectual property arose from official agreement in the Nairobi Treaty, and in launching enforcement and safeguarding Olympic intellectual property, the IOC has registered the relevant trademarks for commodities and services. By 1981, 21 countries had signed the Nairobi Treaty, which stipulated that any State party to the treaty be obliged to refuse or to invalidate the registration as a trademark and take appropriate measures to prohibit using the relevant trademark or other sign for business purposes, as well as ban the use of any sign consisting of or containing the Olympic symbol, as defined in the Charter of the International Olympic Committee. By 15 July 2003, the number of signatories to the Nairobi Treaty had risen to 41, granting Olympic intellectual property further protection through legal channels. 2 Features of the protection of Olympic intellectual property When considering intellectual property, Olympic intellectual property certainly bears the general features of intellectual property generally, i.e. its monopolistic and geographical aspects. However, in terms of specific intellectual property, its legal protection features some differences compared to the general concept of intellectual property, with the main aspects being the following: 2.1 Legal protection of Olympic intellectual property is subject to the Olympic Charter. Although following the development of the Olympic movement as a whole, the Olympic Games bear an increasingly close relationship to the legal order, and while the movement enjoys legal protection and support, the Olympic movement is not subject to the laws of individual countries. The impact of the Olympic Games and the joint efforts of the many countries involved mean that the Olympic Charter is respected by the countries' individual legal systems, especially in terms of intellectual property as enshrined in the Olympic Charter. Many of these countries have adopted relevant regulations governing protecting Olympic intellectual property in their own legal systems. The protection of Olympic intellectual property is deeply rooted in the Olympic Charter. 2.2 The legal protection of Olympic intellectual property is without limitation. This is one of the key features in its protection of intellectual property, attaching particular obligations relating to Olympic intellectual property. Non-limitation has been enshrined definitively in the Olympic Charter, which states that: in terms of the Olympic Charter, all rights to the Olympic symbol, flags, motto and anthem are collectively reserved by the IOC; each NOC is responsible to the IOC for their observance of this provision. Furthermore, each NOC applies to use the Olympic symbol and Olympic emblems, which continue to be registered as trademarks. …


Abstract Wide-bandgap hydrogenated amorphous silicon-carbon and silicon-nitrogen films having optical gaps in the range 1.9–4.0eV have been deposited by the 13.56 MHz plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition technique from SiH4 + C2H2 (+H2), SiH4 + NH3 (+H2), gas mixtures. The deposition conditions have been chosen so as to obtain device-quality films already successfully applied in optoelectronic technology. The films have been light soaked in the average weather conditions solar spectrum (air mass 2.0) for times up to 90 h, monitoring the absorbed energy. The optical properties have been measured after each occurrence of damage, and the defect density evolution due to light soaking was determined by photothermal deflection spectroscopy. An increase in the density of defects with light exposure was observed in all samples strongly dependent on carbon or nitrogen gas sources, plasma conditions and initial properties.


The design of adaptive controllers for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) linear time invariant (LTI) systems is challenging due to the high dimension and parameterization issues associated with MIMO systems. In this paper we design and analyze a nonlinear control scheme for a general MIMO system to overcome some of the traditional parameterization issues. The design is based on switching and the theory of control Lyapunov functions. The new scheme guarantees stability and convergence of the output to a residual set by output-feedback if the plant parameters are known and by state-feedback if the plant. parameters are unknown. The size of the residual set depends on some of the design parameters and can be made arbitrarily small.


A �'IT�� GIIN E-responsive mnacrocytic aneimiia in children has been described.' The general nature of the anemia and its response to tocopherol are similar to that of the anemia which accompanies vitamin E deficiency in the n23 The monkey with anemia and creatinuria of vitamin E deficiency responds to treatment with the ti-chromanol of hexa� � �


ABSTRACT Field effect measurements have been carried out in a transverse magnetic field. A systematic study at different magnetic field strengths revealed that the polarity of the space charge layer could be inverted by a suitably chosen magnetic field. At the same time the behaviour of the magneto-resistance was studied. A qualitative interpretation of both phenomena is proposed.


Abstract A Chemiluminescence Enzyme‐Linked Immuno‐Sorbent Assay (CL‐ELISA) for determination and quantification of the fungicide thiram in honeybees was developed in an indirect competitive format. The assay was optimized by determining: the optimal coating conjugate concentration and anti‐thiram antiserum dilution, the effect of the incubation time on the competitive step, the tolerance to organic solvents. The IC50 and the limit of detection (LOD) values were 60 ng mL−1 and 9 ng mL−1, respectively, similar to those of colorimetric ELISA with a calibration range of 9–15,000 ng mL−1. Cross reactivity of some related compounds such as some dithiocarbamates, a thiocarbamate, the ethylenethiourea and the tetramethylthiourea were tested. The assay was then applied to honeybees sample extracts obtained by using the liquid‐liquid extraction or the graphitized carbon‐based solid phase extraction. The calibration curves in honeybee extracts from liquid‐liquid procedure gave an IC50 of 141 ng mL−1 and a LOD of 17 ng mL−1. In case of extracts obtained by SPE these values were 139 ng mL−1 and 15 ng mL−1, respectively. The average recovery value from honeybee extracts spiked with 75 ng mL−1 of thiram was 72% for SPE, higher than for liquid‐liquid extraction (60%). On the opposite, when the honeybees were directly spiked with 2 and 10 ppm the average recovery was higher for liquid‐liquid extraction (54%), than for SPE (31%). Finally, the assay was applied to honeybee samples collected during monitoring activities in Italy and Russia.


A liquid level controller for steam-liquid two phase flow is designed based on the fluid dynamics and physical properties of steam-liquid two phase flow. In this paper, equations are provided for the dimensions design of the main parts of the controller. The principle of the controller is elucidated and the controlling equations of adjusting system is established. Factors that influence the controlling performances are analyzed through studying of experiments and theory, which provides guidance for practical operations and stabilizations of adjusting system. It is demonstrated through applications that the controller can satisfy actual demand of industrial production process under 50% variations of work conditions. As there is no moving parts, the controller has a variety of advantages such as non-leaking, high safety credibility, strong adjusting capability, low coast, high economical efficiency and broad application expectations in steam-liquid systems where liquid level needs to maintain.


Virtual reality (VR) has recently become a popular subject in which effective 3D scene construction techniques are necessary for a smooth and fine reconstruction scene. Aiming at constructing a dense 3D scene from multipleperspective frames captured by six fisheye cameras, this essay will explore a novel technique which applies superpixel segmentation to frames in order to obtain densified 3D information of a piecewise planar. In combination with a structure-from-motion (SFM) algorithm, we shall demonstrate that this technique is a simple solution for dense 3D reconstruction and that is also efficient and effective. Furthermore, since it requires no further information concerning scale, object segmentation and other factors, it may be applied to a wide range of scenarios.


We thank the reviewer for their helpful comments and corrections that have substantially improved the manuscript. Below, we respond to each of the reviewers' comments and describe changes to the manuscript in response to these comments. Reviewer's comments are in regular text, our responses are in boldfaced text, and text added to the manuscript is in red. Note that citation numbers in this document refer to the bibliography at the end of this document, not the main text.


Abstract: On the population dynamics of Hyalopterus pruni Geoff. (Hom., Aphididae) in Tunis. In the Tunis area, the assessment of infestation levels by Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy on almond trees was established by considering only the proportions of colonies with more than 100 individuals per leaf. High, medium and low infestation levels were recorded during three years, 1992, 1993 and 1994, respectively. However, host infestation often started in mid‐February, reached a peak at the beginning of April and then declined and disappeared by the end of May. The responsible factors of this decline related to: 1) the gradual decreasing fecundity of apterae; and 2) alatae migration. On the other hand, the fundatrix larvae survival and reproductive potential expression of apterae were mainly influenced by the phenology and vigour of host plant. On peach tree, infestation was later (beginning of May) but could continue to the end of summer. The decline of population could be associated with premature leaf fall. Except for this, the combined effect of migration and natural enemies were allowed to maintain aphid population at acceptable level. Among abiotic factors very high summer temperatures (>43°C) led to total aphid mortality. The regulatory action of these factors has been analysed and discussed.


A PLL samples both the rising and falling edges of the reference clock and employs a new retiming method in the feedback divider. Fabricated in 28-nm CMOS technology, the prototype achieves an rms jitter of 20.3 fs from 10 kHz to 100 MHz with a spur of −66 dBc while consuming 12 mW.


Boryl ligands play a very important role in catalysis because of their very high electron-donating property. In this paper, NNB-type boryl anions were designed as tridentate ligands to promote aryl C–H borylation. In combination with [IrCl(COD)]2, they generate a highly active catalyst for a broad range of (hetero)arene substrates, including highly electron-rich and/or sterically hindered ones. This work provides a new NNB-type tridentate boryl ligand to support homogeneous organometallic catalysis.


The equine influenza virus, Ludhiana/5/87, isolated from the clinical material during the epidemic of equine influenza in India in 1987 was inhibited in haemagglutination-inhibition test by the antiserum against the prototype A/eq/Prague/1/56 (H7N7) virus and by post-epidemic horse sera. In haemagglutinin and neuraminidase analysis, the A/eq/Ludhiana/5/87 isolate appeared similar to the prototype A/eq/Prague/1/56 virus and was characterized as the H7N7 subtype.


Based on capacitive fingerprint sensor and USB bus interface, the capturing apparatus of fingerprint is designed and high quality of images is assured. A set of algorithms for preprocessing of fingerprint images is proposed, which is composed of smoothing, filtering, binarization and thinning. The algorithm can utilize the directional characteristic of fingerprint, enhance the fingerprint images, protect minutiae feature of fingerprint.


5 This document reports the Research and Development activities that were carried out in the software 6 and computing domains in view of the upgrade of the LHCb experiment. The implementation of a full 7 software trigger implies major changes in the core software framework, in the event data model, and in the 8 reconstruction algorithms. The increase of the data volumes for both real and simulated datasets requires 9 a corresponding scaling of the distributed computing infrastructure and resources. An implementation 10 plan in both domains is presented, together with a risk assessment analysis. 11


The operational characteristics of boron trifluoride proportional counters and fission chambers were analyzed experimentally in consideration of their use as thermal neutron flux detectors for nuclear reactor control. Particular attention was paid to the examination, from theory and experiment, of the possibilities of inherent differentiation between neutron and gamma radiation, with regard to the build-up of gamma pulses into the resolving time of the pulse counting systems. The continuous comparison of these two widely used types of neutron counters has afforded the definition of their operating ranges. (auth)


The piecewise linear current density recursive convolution finite-difference time-domain method of plasma is used to study the defect mode properties of transverse magnetic wave propagation in the two-dimensional unmagnetized plasma photonic crystals with a line-defect layer. In frequency domain, the transmission coefficients of electromagnetic differential Gaussian pulses are computed, and the effect of lattice constant, dielectric column radius, periodic constant, parameters of plasma and parameters of line-defect layer on defect mode properties of two-dimensional unmagnetized plasma photonic crystals are analyzed. The results illustrate that the frequency of defect mode cannot be tuned by changing periodic constant, position of the defect layer and plasma collision frequency, but be tuned by changing relative permittivity and radius of dielectric column in the defect layer, and central distance between defect layer and dielectric layer with the width of prohibit band gaps fixed. Furthermore, the defect mode and the width of prohibit band gaps can also be tuned by changing lattice constant, dielectric column radius and plasma frequency.


A procedure for uniform sampling in constrained domains is proposed. It is used to generate training data for construction of fast surrogate models of antenna structures with the region of interest defined by a set of reference designs optimized w.r.t. selected figures of interest. To set up the domain, the reference designs are triangulated and the resulting simplexes are extended in orthogonal directions. We demonstrate that the proposed technique provides significantly more uniform sample distribution than rudimentary random sampling, which leads to improved predictive power of the surrogate model. Our considerations are illustrated using a uniplanar dual-band dipole antenna.


Group technology based manufacturing systems offer the advantages of flow production as well as the production flexibility of batch manufacturing. In this paper, by employing new clustering techniques, the part-machine spectrum of the manufacturing system and the relevant manufacturing process are analyzed according to design, similarity of machining and product flow. This leads to an organization of the production system into self-contained and self-regulating groups of machines called machine cells. Each machine cell undertakes a maximal production of a family of parts having similar manufacturing characteristics. This paper carried out the ART-1 neural network approach in the analysis of the manufacturing similarity, and modified the basic approach to increase the efficiency of the classification procedure. Developed program packages ART-1 Simulator and FLEXY are used to create part families and machine cells within the group technology design.


We investigate the excitonic dynamics in MoSe2 monolayer and bulk samples by femtosecond transient absorption microscopy. Excitons are resonantly injected by a 750-nm and 100-fs laser pulse, and are detected by a probe pulse tuned in the range of 790 - 820 nm. We observe a strong density-dependent initial decay of the exciton population in monolayers, which can be well described by the exciton-exciton annihilation. Such a feature is not observed in the bulk under comparable conditions. We also observe the saturated absorption induced by exciton phase-space filling in both monolayers and the bulk, which indicates their potential applications as saturable absorbers.


The effect of choke ring position on the thermal and fluid flow in a SRU thermal reactor is investigated numerically. It is found that zone 1 is a higher temperature region while zone 2 is a lower temperature region. The average temperature and peak temperature in the SRU thermal reactor for a rich oxygen supply is higher than those of a normal oxygen supply. The temperature difference between zone 1 and zone 2 is smaller for a rich oxygen supply. The peak temperature for a smaller zone 1 is higher. The optimal location of the choke ring for the lowest peak temperature is 6m away from zone 1 corner. The highest sulfur concentration at exit occurs when zone 1 is the smallest.


1. Karnes JH, Wiener HW, Schwantes-An TH, Natarajan B, Sweatt AJ, Chaturvedi A, et al. Genetic admixture and survival in diverse populations with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020;201:1407–1415. 2. Sirugo G, Williams SM, Tishkoff SA. The missing diversity in human genetic studies. Cell 2019;177:26–31. 3. Al-Naamani N, Paulus JK, Roberts KE, Pauciulo MW, Lutz K, Nichols WC, et al. Racial and ethnic differences in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pulm Circ 2017;7:793–796. 4. Merz EL, Roesch SC, Malcarne VL, Penedo FJ, Talavera GA, Castañeda SF, et al. Social support, simpatı́a, and hypertension prevalence in Hispanics/Latinos: findings from the HCHS/SOL sociocultural ancillary study. J Lat Psychol 2016;4:131–141. 5. Non AL, Gravlee CC. Biology and culture beyond the genome: race, racism, and health. Am Anthropol 2015;117:737–738.


Taking H/D value of pot crucible,reducing ratio of V2O5,yield of V2O5,reducing ratio of TiO2 and yield of TiO2as input parameters and the yield of vanadium-based alloy V3TiNi0.56 as output parameters,trainlm function was used in training function.The optimization model can be applied to guide the practical process of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis for vanadium-based alloy.


Background:We evaluated the longitudinal course of the relationship between patient satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) in Chinese breast and nasopharyngeal cancer patients. Methods:A sample of Chinese breast (n = 250) and nasopharyngeal (n = 242) cancer patients were assessed during their first outpatient visit (baseline) and at 2 follow-up interviews (FU1 and FU2). The Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Scale (FACT-G (Ch)) was adopted to assess QoL. Patient satisfaction was assessed by the 9-item Chinese Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ChPSQ-9) and the cognitive subscale of the Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale (MISS-Cog). Linear mixed effects models were fitted to identify predictors of patient satisfaction and QoL. Results:Recurrence after baseline (std &bgr; = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.17, 0.98; P < 0.05) was the only predictor of MISS-Cog, age (std &bgr; = 0.01; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.02; P < 0.05) and depressed mood (std &bgr; = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.30; P < 0.001) of ChPSQ-9. After adjusting for sociodemographic and psychosocial variables, both ChPSQ-9 (std &bgr; = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.19; P < 0.001) and MISS-Cog (std &bgr; = 0.07; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.12; P < 0.05) independently predicted FACT-G (Ch) scores. Conclusions:These findings suggest both general emotional support and informational support are important in predicting QoL among Chinese breast and nasopharyngeal cancer patients.


The purpose of this paper is a presentation of a fully implemented platform (InfoNet), that has been installed in more than 120 Vessels. The described platform serves and facilitates the structured data transferring between the Operational Vessel's unstable environment and the Office one. In addition, it can apply business processes not only to office side but also to Vessel's remote environment. "InfoNet" platform is multipurpose and can interface with multiple components and modules of any ERP, CRM or other structured platform that the organization uses in both sides (vessels and/or Office). We are using the "InfoNet" platform for various implementations. The platform is composed of two main modules, e-Forms (e-Applications) and e-SMS (e-Documents). All gathered data, apart the operation usage, have been also used for further analysis. We have used the produced information of the above data in combination with other information from other resources such as Internet of Vessels Platform (IoT) [14]. Our vision and primary goal is to provide as much information as possible, from multiple sources to support decision systems or to an alerting system, back to the Maritime Company that manages Vessels.


Public Administration,as a new developing major in our country,has a good development prospect and multi-channel employment route.But in recent years,it doesn't have a good employment trend.The thesis has found out the main reasons for producing this kind of phenomenon,by investigating the employment state of the graduates majoring in public administration,and puts forward some feasible solutions,combining the current situation.


Objective To explore the neuroprotective effect of repeated preconditioning with cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Methods Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)for 120min.Fifty male SD rats were randomly assigned to five groups(10 each):rats in control group and dimethyl sulphoxide group(DMSO group)were intraperitoneally administered 0.3ml normal saline and 0.3ml DMSO once a day for 5 days.Rats in WIN 55,212-2 preconditioning groups(including WIN1,WIN3 and WIN5 group)received intraperitoneal injection of 1mg/kg WIN 55,212-2(dissolved with 0.3ml DMSO)once a day for 1d,3d and 5d,respectively.All animals underwent MCAO operation 24h after last pretreatment to reproduce temporal(120min)focal cerebral ischemia model.The neurological function score(NFS)was evaluated at 24,48 and 72h after reperfusion.Brain infarct was identified with 2% 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC)staining 72h after reperfusion,and the brain infarct volume was expressed as percentage of normal cerebral hemisphere volume.Results The NFSs of rats in WIN 55,212-2 preconditioning groups(WIN1,WIN3 and WIN5 group)were significantly higher,and the infarct volumes were significantly smaller than that in control group and DMSO group at 24h,48h and 72h after reperfusion(P0.05).The infarct volume in WIN5 group was significantly smaller than that in WIN1 and WIN3 groups.The NFS of rats in WIN5 group was higher than that in WIN1 and WIN3 group.However,there was no statistical significance in the infarct volume and NFS between WIN1 and WIN3 group(P0.05).Conclusion The neuroprotective effect of repeated preconditioning with cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 may be enhanced by increased time of pretreatment.


ABSTRACT: Objective: To determine chemical analysis of urinary stones of central sindh. Study design : Prospective and randomized study. Setting: Department of Surgery and Pathology of Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences Nawabshah . Duration of study: Three years from May2008 to May 2011. Material and Methods: Total 106 urolith patients who underwent open stone surgery were included in the study. EDTA Titration used for determination of calcium ions and determination of oxalate, phosphate, magnesium, ammonia, uric acid and cystine stones was carried out using spectrophotometer. These patients were asked to fill out a proforma with parameters of age, sex, radiological location of stone and chemical composition of surgically recovered stones. The stone analysis findings were reviewed and compared with other reported series Results: In this study 75(70.75%) patients were male and 31 (29.25%) female. Male to female ratio was of 2.41:1. The age ranged from 1 to 70 years with the mean of 22.69 years. The peak incidence of upper urinary tract stone in 20-30 years and lower urinary tract stones in both sexes was under 10 years. Anatomical location of stone showed 48(45.29%) renal, 13(12.26%) ureteric and 45(42.45%) bladder calculi. Chemical analysis revealed 56(52.8%) calcium oxalate, 7(6.6%) calcium phosphate, 11(10.3%) ammonium urate, 18(16.9%) uric acid, 13(12.2%) Sturvite and 1(0.9%) cystine calculi. Conclusion: It was concluded that urolithiasis is predominantly male disease. No age group was spared to stone disease. Calcium oxalate, uric acid, ammonium urate and mixed calculi are the main types in our study due to poor nutritional status, poverty and inadequate health facilities. Considering that  knowledge of stone composition is of utmost importance to modify the incidence of  urolithiasis. Keywords: Chemical composition, Urolithiasis.


Zisi is a representative of Confucianism in pre-Qin dynasty and there is a dispute on his birth and death age.We rebut the views represented by QianMu and Jiang Boqian and find the weaknesses of these groups.We also attempt to make a new ratiocination on Zisi's birth and death age according to some historical materials such as Kong Cong Zi.


The net income realized by owners of unincorporated businesses in this district has declined in recent years . Lihe~~" ise, individuals employed ozz a cnrllmission or fee basis ha~~c rcali~cd fcw~cr nr smaller commissions at fees . Qn the other hand, wage and salary workers have maintained their incomes. In fact, the latter are slor.~~ly" regaining the relative inc~me position thc~r occupied priozto World Wat II despite the small rise irz uneanploymerzt.


Polymorphism is a main mechanism of the object-oriented programming.Polymorphic dada structure is an expressive way of the polymorphism.This paper analyzes the mechanism of combining inheritance with dynamic binding.Features of virtual function to support dynamic polymorphism and the abstract class are discussed and the elementary method to construct the polymorphic data structure is proposed.Two examples of polymorphic array and polymorphic queue are presented to show the realization of polymorphic dada structure in the object-oriented programming C++ language.


A semantic analysis of inscriptions on T-shirts (slogans) as elements of everyday discourse is provided in the article. Attention is paid to slogans that convey meanings significant in youth communication. The scientific novelty of the presented work lies in the fact that for the first time the features of slogans placed on clothes are revealed, their content, pragmatic functions and lexical-semantic features, as well as the correlation of slogans with the linguistic personality of the owner of a T-shirt with an inscription are considered. The author revealed that the basic pragmatic functions of slogans are self-presentation, appeal and shocking. Each of these functions has a number of sub-functions. Self-presentation is the leading pragmatic function. It has been proved that slogans are important components of the modern socio-cultural environment, integral elements of the communication process, verbal markers of the peculiarities of a linguistic personality. The key features of the linguistic personality of a young man who implements communication through a slogan on clothes are openness to social contacts, demonstration of personal qualities, attitude towards others and towards society as a whole, social activity, dedication, unconventional worldview, innovative thinking.


It is intended in the present study to investigate direct application of the Griffith fracture criterion to the fracture of viscoelastic materials.In the experiment, a strip specimen of polybutadiene rubber with artificial flaw of razor cut was stretched up to rupture limit of elasticity under various temperatures and at various strain rates.The results obtained are as follows;(1) A simple relation similar to Griffith's criterion was obtained between the fracture strength σba and artificial cut length Ci even in viscoelastic materials, and this relationship depends remarkably upon temperature, that isσba_??_Ci-α(α=1/2∼1)(2) The authors attempted to apply Griffith's criterion to the fracture of viscoelastic materials by using modulus Eba at rupture point instead of Young's modulus E.Hence the fracture energy Γart.c which includes the configuration factor and surface free energy, strongly depends on temperature and strain rate (time).


This paper presents a demand response involved two-stage adjustable robust optimization model to obtain the optimal reserve capacity configuration strategy. The outer stage of the presented two-stage model corresponds to the day-ahead stage, which searches for the optimal configuration strategy considering the known worst-case scenario. The inner stage represents the real-time stage, which searches for the worst-case scenario and the corresponding adjustment strategy. The objective of the two-stage model aims at minimizing the dispatch and reserve cost. Price-based demand response (PBDR) and incentive-based demand response (IBDR) are involved in the day-ahead and real-time dispatch of reserve capacity. Column and constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm, duality theory, big-M method are employed to solve the two-stage model. Case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the presented model.


The Mercosur dispute settlement system possesses several limitations, which are linked to its transitory aspect and include, in particular, the limited access of individuals who are only able to present their demands via the National Section of the Common Market Group of the member state in question. The application of the advisory opinions' mechanism embodies a possible alternative in order to overcome the lack of access of individuals and civil society to Mercosur Tribunals. The referred mechanism enables national courts to question the Permanent Review Court exclusively with regards to the interpretation of Mercosur law. Therefore, it guarantees an indirect access of individuals to Mercosur Tribunals. However, there is still a very low number of advisory opinions solicited to the PRC, which are due, among other factors, to the lack of knowledge of Mercosur law and its mechanisms by lawyers and national judges. This challenged is combined with a normative limitation, i.e ., the double non-binding character of the advisory opinions, thereby contributing to legal uncertainty. Some alternatives have been envisaged, notably with the creation of a permanent court for Mercosur.


Malaysia has shifted from a labor-intensive, agriculture-based economy since its independence in 1957 to a knowledge and innovation-based economy. Human capital development (HCD) is a key enabler for driving and sustaining Malaysia's socioeconomic growth. The education and training system is the main platform for HCD intervention. To sustain and achieve goals, long-term survival, competitive advantage, and sustainability, the workforce is optimized through comprehensive HCD interventions to provide the necessary knowledge, skills, and competencies needed to work effectively in a rapidly changing and complex environment. Numerous efforts have been made by the government to ensure that the education and training system has the capacity to enhance the quality and availability of intellectual and skilled human capital to support the transition toward knowledge-intensive activities, sustain economic growth, and compete in the global market. The country's development plans and policies as well as the economic development which lead toward a knowledge-based economy with a knowledge-based workforce have charted out clear transformation journeys for the development of the human capital ecosystem. This chapter presents an overview of the landscape of HCD in Malaysia. Relevant reports, plans, policies, and strategies to strengthen human capital through education and training is reviewed. Finally, a few issues and challenges that Malaysia experiences are discussed.


PURPOSE: To obtain organic fibers excellent in softness and having good absorptivity for water and good antistatic properties without causing yellowing at high temperatures by impregnating the organic fibers with a specific organosilicon compound having a sulfonate group and applying the organosilicon compound thereto. CONSTITUTION: An organosilicon compound comprising a unit represented by the formula [R is a monovalent organic group; R 1 is H or a monovalent organic group; R 2 is a group -QSO. 3 M v [Q is a bivalent hydrocarbon; M v is a cation; V is equal to the reciprocal value of the charge of M); (a) is 0, 1, 2 or 3: (b) is 0, 1, 2 or 3; (c) is 0, 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that the organosilicon compound has at least one R 2 based on one molecule; the sum of (a), (b) and (c) is ≤3] and having the sulfonate group is converted into an aqueous dispersion and applied to organic fibers such as wool or cotton or synthetic fibers such as a polyester. Thereby, organic fibers excellent in softness and water absorptivity and antistatic properties are obtained. The resultant organic fibers do not cause yellowing even at a high temperature of 150-180°C. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO


A mathematical model was developed for simulating the transport phenomena in a porous cooling channel and the conjugate heat transfer in the surrounding wall. The numerical solution by the use of variable grid finite difference method was implemented by using MATLAB computing environment, a fourth generation programming language. Several case studies performed showed the behavior of the flow field in the porous cooling channel and the temperature distribution in the two domains of the problem. The use of MATLAB computing environment was shown to have several major advantages over the use of third generation programming languages such as FORTRAN and C. It was observed that when a numerical method involving extensive matrix operations was chosen, the built-in functions in MATLAB made the solution much simpler, requiring considerably less math background and programming efforts/skills. MATLAB also offered easy to use post-processing tools not available with other


RDA,which is attracted the cataloguing industry's attention,has been compiled and published.Its completion will cause a great change in the world of cataloging.The impacts will affect from the basic concepts to practices.At first,the thesis studies the concepts and functions of RDA,then analyses its inheritance and development relationship from AACR2、FRBR、FRAD、ISBD、ICP to MARC21.


This article examines the effects of counterfactual thinking on information processing. We conceptualize counterfactual thinking--a process of mentally undoing the outcome of an event by imagining alternate antecedent states--as a problem-solving process that will increase scrutiny of subsequently encountered information. Results from two studies indicate that measures of persuasion are more sensitive to the quality of message arguments when counterfactual thinking precedes message exposure. This research raises the possibility that counterfactual thinking may be an underappreciated cognitive determinant of ad responses. This research also represents a first attempt at striking a relationship between counterfactual thinking and information processing. Copyright 2002 by the University of Chicago.


The article deals with the main components of semantic structure of the inaugural addresses of the heads of regions and underlines specific peculiarities in the structure of certain speeches.


From the possible methods of fast capacity pick-up by reducing the load of heating bleeding, the most convenient for practical purposes is a complete opening of the low pressure section revolving diaphram. This ensured increase in capacity of 10 to 18% of rated turbine capacity. It was found that the supply of peak capacity by limiting the load of turbines heat bleeding and transferring it to additional installed peak water boilers with a number of hours of utilization of less than 850 h during the period with outside air temperature below 0/sup 0/C is more advantageous than by installing a gas turbine plant.


Mitomycin C (MC) is a DNA alkylating agent broadly used in chemotherapy. MC and Decarbamoylmitomycin C (DMC), a synthetic MC derivative which lacks the carbamoyl at the C10 position, can form interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) between the exocyclic amines of opposing deoxyguanosine moieties. These ICLs are responsible for the cytotoxicity of mitomycins towards cancer cells since they prevent replication of highly proliferating cells. MC and DMC can crosslink DNA in both 5'‐CpG and 5'‐GpC sequence contexts, and the crosslinking is diastereospecific: At 5'‐CpG, mitomycins produce trans‐ICLs whereas cis‐ICLs are found at 5'‐GpC steps. The major ICL formed by Mitomycin C in culture cells is the trans‐ICL whereas decarbamoylmitomycin C yields the stereoisomeric cis‐ICL preferentially. Our overarching goal is to synthesize oligonucleotides bearing the cisand trans isomeric crosslinks to investigate the relationship between ICL structure and cellular response. Our hypothesis is that the trans and cis‐ICLs trigger different cellular responses. There is evidence that the ICL produced by DMC triggers a p53 independent cell death and research uncovering mechanisms through which p53 independent cell death occurs is crucial to identify molecular targets to treat tumors with a mutant p53. These tumors represent at least 50% of all cancers. We present here the different synthetic routes to access cis and trans isomeric interstrand crosslinks formed by mitomycins in their reaction with DNA and preliminary label free proteomic studies to identify the stereoisomeric ICLs molecular targets. Proteomic studies were accomplished from MCF‐7 cells transfected with the purified ICLs for 24 hours. They showed several interesting proteins were differently regulated by the trans‐ and cis‐ICLs: (1) TBC1 domain family member 9 which regulates cell proliferation (increased 41% upon treatment with the trans‐ICL treatment, but decreased 50% with the cis‐ICL); (2) Core histone macro‐H2A.2, involved in DNA repair (decreased 75% upon treatment with the trans‐ICL, but increased 89% with the cis‐ICL); (3) Aurora kinase B which inhibits p21 expression and regulates cell cycle (increased 50% upon treatment with the trans‐ICL, but decreased 73% by the cis‐ICL); and (4) Membrane‐associated tyrosine‐ and threonine‐specific cdc2‐inhibitory kinase which acts a negative regulator of G2 to M transition (decreased 36% upon treatment with the trans‐ICL, but increased 5% with the cis‐ICL). In addition, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was conducted to identify the major molecular pathways impacted by each ICL treatment. In conclusion, we now have identified both ICL molecular targets and cellular responses involved in DNA repair and cell cycle regulation in MCF7 cell lines. Further validations are needed to confirm the results.


I has been found possible to produce viable barley seeds on culms cut from the plant at pollination and allowed to continue their growth in distilled water.1 Growth in length of the barley kernel is commonly nearly completed 9 to ~o days after pollination. The embryo, however, at ordinary temperatures continues to grow and differentiate rapidly for about another week. The attained size of barley embryos from spikes on excised culms possessing their three upper internodes and treated in the above manner was compared with those growing normally on the potted greenhouse plants. A number of spikes of Manchuria barley, C.I. 2330, were emasculated and bagged. When the flowers were well opened, a few culms were cut off just beneath the third node below the spike and their cut ends placed in distilled water. These spikes, together with a number of receptive spikes remaining intact on the plants, were then pollinated by dusting and allowed to grow side by side on the greenhouse bench at Arlington Farm, Virginia. On the 9th, ~oth, and ~ ~th days after pollination samples of three or four kernels of each lot were killed and fixed. These were embedded in paraffin, sectioned sagittally, and stained. The lengths of the median sagittal sections


A device for 3D ultrasound computer tomography system is currently under development at KIT with the goal of high-resolution images for early breast cancer detection. With its semi-ellipsoidal positioning of 2041 ultrasound transducers around the breast in space, full 3D images can be reconstructed. Calibration process of such a complex system is very time-consuming and difficult. This paper proposes a Newton's method based self calibration using time-of-flight measurements between each emitter and receiver. One unique feature of this method is the separation of each potential error sources in the system and sequential calibration according to their magnitudes. This enables the analysis of each error component in the system. Simulation and application on real data have both shown sub-wavelength accuracy in the calibration results.


Human users interact with artifacts in achieving their tasks. In such interactions, human users perceive information from artifacts as well as the related context, and make their decisions employing their cognitive and emotional processes, and then perform resulting activities. We study this kind of two way communication between users and artifacts. The structural entities of artifacts that contribute in providing affordances, that is, inducing natural activities and behaviors of users, are called affordance features. This presentation will show specific affordance features of typical medical support devices as identified through a systematic activity-function interaction method. Particularly, those medical products used by human users for themselves have been studied. Repository of such affordance feature will help designing for affordances.


Technological developments are growing day by day. The growing technology proves that human beings are able to create new things that can help in completing their work. With the development of technology, we can also be facilitated in taking decisions, such as in choosing human resources. This research is motivated by the absence of an objective calculation in the selection of computer lab assistants, the difficulty of determining the weight in the criteria of the selection of computer lab assistants, and the selection process that is still running manually. This research is done by using NoSql Firebase as a database, using Java and XML language, and Android Studio as tools to develop this application. Researchers apply the method of Simple Additive Weighting in searching for recommendations of computer lab assistants. Information gathering was done by field study, ie direct observation and interviews with the head of computer lab assistant, and literature study such as reading books, journals, and websites as supporting reference for this research. This application was created to implement the selection of computer lab assistants to be more objective and can assist in the search of computer lab assistant recommendations. Through the research process that has been done and the application development process that has been going on, the researcher concludes that the application that the researcher produces can provide the recommendation of computer lab assistants objectively and precisely, and get the weight on each criterion well.
Keywords: Simple Additive Weighting Method, Computer Laboratory Assistant, Android


Systemic administration of bone marrow‐derived mononuclear cells (BMDMCs) or bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) reduces inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in a murine model of Th2‐mediated eosinophilic allergic airway inflammation. However, since BMDMCs are a heterogeneous population that includes MSCs, it is unclear whether the MSCs alone are responsible for the BMDMC effects. To determine which BMDMC population(s) is responsible for ameliorating AHR and lung inflammation in a model of mixed Th2‐eosinophilic and Th17‐neutrophilic allergic airway inflammation, reminiscent of severe clinical asthma, BMDMCs obtained from normal C57Bl/6 mice were serially depleted of CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD3, CD19, CD31, or Sca‐1 positive cells. The different resulting cell populations were then assessed for ability to reduce lung inflammation and AHR in mixed Th2/Th17 allergic airway inflammation induced by mucosal sensitization to and challenge with Aspergillus hyphal extract (AHE) in syngeneic C56Bl/6 mice. BMDMCs depleted of either CD11b‐positive (CD11b+) or Sca‐1‐positive (Sca‐1+) cells were unable to ameliorate AHR or lung inflammation in this model. Depletion of the other cell types did not diminish the ameliorating effects of BMDMC administration. In conclusion, in the current model of allergic inflammation, CD11b+ cells (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells) and Sca‐1+ cells (MSCs) are responsible for the beneficial effects of BMDMCs.


Objective measures of physical capability are predictive of all-cause mortality among older people living in the community. Such measures may therefore provide useful tools for identifying those at greatest risk of death.


Management efficiency in the housing sphere acquires special importance in the conditions of economy transformation. The author of the article specifies real ways and some practical measures to increase it.