In the months following the 11 September attacks on New York's World Trade Center, Gloria Anzald ua penned a powerful multilingual response to the event in the form of a thirteen-page nonfiction essay titled "Let us be the healing of the wound: The Coyolxauhqui imperative—La Sombra y el sue~no." This essay, which critiques the US military response to the attack and the ensuing "War on Terror," became the first chapter in Light in the Dark/Luz en lo Oscuro: Rewriting Identity, Spirituality, Reality, her PhD dissertation manuscript compiled and published posthumously by AnaLouise Keating in 2015. Anzald ua's postnational imaginary, her reliance on Azteca goddesses, and the bilingual nature of her writing in her response to 9/11 set the essay radically apart from the canon of post-9/11 literature in English, as defined by critics and creators of that canon. More specifically, literary critics have overlooked the significance of Anzald ua's 9/11 essay in the following ways: first, its centrality to what Paul Petrovic refers to as the "first wave" of the post-9/11 literary canon ("Emergent" x); second, its connection to the ethical, postnational imperative espoused by Judith Butler in Precarious Life: the Powers of Mourning and Violence (2004); and third, its instrumental role as the literary and philosophical bridge connecting Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza (1987) with Anzald ua's writing of the early 2000s in Light in the Dark/Luz en lo Oscuro. Anzald ua's dissertation should be considered a major part of her long literary career, particularly in light of the mythical figures she calls forth in her unique expression of mourning after 9/11; moreover, "Let us be the healing of the wound" expands post-9/11 American literature and establishes an important connection between Butler and Anzald ua in their joint embrace of global precarity. Anzald ua began to write her dissertation in 1974 in the English Department at the University of Texas at Austin and would work on the project intermittently (1975–77, 1988–2003) for over twenty-five years, nearly completing the task at the University of California, Santa Cruz, before her untimely death in 2004. It should be emphasized that despite its initial status as a "dissertation," Anzald ua breaks formal and institutional rules for academic writing by deploying personal anecdotes; Spanish, English, and Azteca prose; and her own poetry, but


A seven parameter model based on a modified Urey‐Bradley potential with long range Coulomb terms is used to describe the lattice dynamics of M2XY6 compounds. Optical data are used to evaluate the force constants for the case of Cs2UBr6. The model is to be used as a starting point for a comprehensive calculation of the vibronic structure of Cs2UBr6.


Background: Columellar skin necrosis is a rare complication of Septorhinoplasty procedures. However, it is more frequent in patients who undergo multiple revision procedures and have poor skin quality. Therefore, some patients require wound care immediately post-operation. Dressing of the columellar region is difficult due to the location and anatomical configuration. Case presentation: In this paper, we present a case of partial necrosis of the columellar skin following an open Septorhinoplasty procedure which was noted on the first post-operative day. Improving circulation to the affected area was the key target of the treatment approach. Conclusion: A topical hemoglobin-based oxygenating spray (Granulox, SastoMed GmbH, Georgsmarienhütte, Germany) was applied immediately on the columellar skin wound as it is a simple and easy dressing material and can lead to healing without obvious scarring. Key points Question: Would an early, minimally invasive intervention with a hemoglobin-based oxygenating spray in a patient who was diagnosed with partial columellar skin necrosis 24 hours post revision Septorhinoplasty - without the need for surgical management provide a satisfactory outcome? Finding and meaning: The treatment yielded a good aesthetic outcome in a short duration with no significant side effects and demonstrated the ease of treating a difficult complication without the need for more surgeries.


The dairy market is the most important area of agriculture not only in Uzbekistan, but throughout the world. There is constant competition in this area, which creates requirements for the quality of this product. The main task of producers is to provide the population with quality dairy products at an affordable price. An important role is played by transportation, transportation of dairy products, since export and import play a special role. This article analyzes the development of the dairy industry at present in the Republic. The production segments by the number of output are considered. Proposals have been made to improve the development of the dairy industry in the Republic of Uzbekistan.


The leakage current path in the vertical-type metal–semiconductor–metal structured device fabricated on a Fe-doped bulk GaN substrate with a V-shaped pit is investigated. Micro-Raman, micro-photoluminescence, and atomic force microscope show nonuniform distributions of the optical and electrical properties in the V-shaped pit. The distribution of carrier concentration is determined by the distributions of Si, O, and Fe impurities, which are further influenced by the incorporation efficiency of the corresponding impurities in the semi-polar growth facets. The mechanism of current leakage in a V-shaped pit is explained by the big difference between the resistance inside and outside the pit.


This paper studies the influencing factors of the internet bank transaction security and the requirement of security control.The evaluation index system of internet bank transaction security is built and a corresponding evaluation model is constructed based on AHP method.The model can be used for the management of internet bank transaction security.


In this note we continue the investigation of manifolds locally modelled on non-Riemannian homogeneous spaces, along the lines developed in [3], [4]. If H/J is a homogeneous space of a Lie group H, a natural but special class of compact forms of H/J (i.e., compact manifolds locally modelled on H/J) are those compact manifolds of the form Γ\H/J where Γ ⊂ H is a cocompact lattice for H/J , i.e., a discrete subgroup acting freely and properly discontinuously on H/J . It remains an open problem to classify those H/J that admit such a discrete subgroup or those admitting a compact form. This problem is not completely solved even for the basic test case of H = SL(n, R), J = SL(m, R), 2 ≤ m < n, and where the embedding J ⊂ H is the standard one. (See [2] for a survey on the general problem.) In this note we prove:


A bench scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was designed and tested for degradation of 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol (TNP) or picric acid‐contaminated wastewater or groundwater. Under varying temperatures (25, 15 and 10°C) and influent concentrations (40–200 mg/L TNP) a stable biomass was developed that was consistently capable of degrading the explosive compound to below regulatory drinking water limits (0.057 mg/L). The reactor was initially seeded with a nitroaromatic and nitramine degrading isolate Rhodococcus opacus strain JW01. Kinetic growth modeling was conducted revealing µmax values at 25, 15 and 10°C of 0.14, 0.08 and 0.04 d−1, while the modeled Ks values were 0.68, 1.11 and 1.24 mg/L, respectively. Overall TNP removal efficiency in the SBR was on average > 99.9% over the 2000 hours of operation. Removal of TNP to below drinking water standards, with low residual dissolved carbon and significant release of nitrogen from the parent compound was accomplished. Biotechnol. Bioneg. 2007;97: 1408–1414. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


BACTERJAL DISEASES Bacterial mouth manifestations furnish a large field for original research which has been neglected for the reason that the physician has been content to leave this line of investigation for the stomatologist. The dentist has been educated along such narrow lines that from his mechanical and commercial inclination and training he is totally unfit for and uninterested in original investigation. Medical workers in bacteriology are devoted to the general subject and rarely touch on special or local causes and results. Miller's "Micro-Organisms of the Human Mouth" is the only work along this special line


Using the real-time holographic interferometry, we have studied the way of variation of thermal expansion coefficient as a function of temperature. For this purpose we have used a particular set-up appropriate to in-situs developing process. In the reconstruction step, the observer will see-through the hologram ,a virtual image which is coincident with the wave diffracted by the object itself, and an interference pattern will appear. If then the temperature of the object is increased, this will cause the movement of fringe. Hype number of displaced fringes give measure to evaluatethe coefficient of the thermal expansion of the object. The corresponding curves is depicted.


An ostracode data base consisting of 273 samples from coretops and comprising 226 species was developed for the seas around the Japanese Islands to determine zoogeographic patterns and for application to Pliocene and Pleistocene paleoceanography in the area. Quantitative analyses of the 59 most common taxa between 0 and 300m water depth indicate that ostracode associations are controlled by the main oceanic water masses around Japan and that bottom water temperature is a key factor influencing species distributions. Ostracodes from the following water masses were studied: warm Kuroshio Current, Tsushima Current (Tsugaru Current and Soya Current), Japan Sea intermediate water, Japan Sea proper water and cold Oyashio Current. In order to apply the modem coretop data base to fossil ostracode assemblages, the modem analog technique (MAT) using a squared chord distance (SCD) measure of dissimilarity was tested as a means of comparing fossil and modem assemblages. SCD values of 0.25 or less adequately identify modem analogs from the coretop data set at the local ecological level (i.e. within the same modern bay), while values of 0.25-0.5 identify modem analogs at the level of the zoogeographic province. The MAT method was tested against 3 Pliocene and 11 Pleistocene formations in Japan to examine the use of the MAT in paleoceanographic reconstruction. INTRODUCTION The Japanese Islands span a wide range of marine climatic zones from the cold Sea of Okhotsk off NE Hokkaido to the warm, subtropical seas off the Ryukyu Islands. Marine climates on the Pacific side of southern and western Japan are dominated by the warm Kuroshio Current and by the cold Oyashio Current off northeast Japan (text-fig. 1). On the Sea of Japan side, surface water is dominated by the Tsushima Current, a branch of the Kuroshio Current entering the Sea of Japan through the narrow Tsushima Strait. The Tsushima Current also influences western coastal regions of the Japanese Islands: one branch flows through the Tsugaru Strait between northern Honshu and Hokkaido, while another branch flows east through the Soya Strait, bringing warm water to both these regions. Deep water, consisting of Japan Sea proper water, is uniformly cold (0?C), of 34/oo salinity and well oxygenated. Thus, late Neogene and Quaternary marine sediments exposed throughout many regions of Japan provide an excellent opportunity to determine the paleoceanographic history of the Sea of Japan and the western Pacific Ocean across a range of climatic zones. However, paleoclimatic tools such as ostracodes have not yet been adequately developed to conduct such studies. Marine ostracodes are useful in paleoceanographic studies because many species have geographic and/or bathymetric distributions limited by water mass properties such as bottom water temperature, oxygen and salinity. The utility of ostracodes is greatest, and the paleoceanographic inferences based on them are most reliable, when an extensive coretop sample data set of species' modern distributions is coupled with data on physical oceanographic parameters. For example, Cronin and Dowsett (1990), expanding on early work by Hazel (1970, 1975) and Valentine (1971), developed a factor analytic transfer function to estimate paleotemperatures on the basis of the Recent distributions of 59 genera from 100 moder ostracode samples from the western North Atlantic Ocean. This method was applied to fossil assemblages to estimate Pliocene and Pleistocene paleotemperatures (Cronin 1991a, 1991b). Wood et al. (in press) developed a similar Recent data set for the eastern North Atlantic Ocean, from West Africa to the Norwegian Sea, that also showed strong temperature control of species. Dingle and Lord (1990) have shown that intermediate and deep-water ostracode taxa are useful indicators of North Atlantic deep water, Antarctic bottom water and other water masses in the deep Atlantic Ocean. In Japan, Ishizaki's (1977) pioneering study showed the potential of ostracodes for paleoceanographic application. In this study, we describe an extensive modern ostracode sample data set for seas off the Japanese Islands and apply it to the paleoceanography of late Neogene and Quaternary deposits from various parts of Japan. Our main goals are 1) to determine the most common ostracode species and genera living off the Japanese Islands and in surrounding seas 2) to determine the zoogeographic relationship between modern ostracode assemblages and major water masses off Japan and 3) to test the modern analog technique (MAT) as a method designed to quantitatively and objectively compare fossil and modern assemblages and to estimate paleotemperature and paleodepth. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied ostracode assemblages from a total of 342 moder samples, some from unstudied areas for which there were no data and others from the published literature. Samples came from various types of box cores, piston cores and grab samples. Text-figure 2 shows the distribution of these samples and the major regions discussed below. In this paper we focus our study on 273 samples from waters of normal marine salinity, excluding inner-bay, brackish-water environments, thereby eliminating salinity as a factor controlling species' distributions. Station micropaleontology, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 263-281, text-figures 1-10, tables 1-5, 1993 263 This content downloaded from 188.8.131.52 on Wed, 25 May 2016 05:38:16 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms N. Ikeya and T M. Cronin: Quantitative analysis of Ostracoda and water masses around Japan: Application to paleoceanography


The 2016 WHO update of CNS tumours defines oligodendroglioma as a diffusely infiltrating glioma with IDH 1 or IDH 2 mutation and co-deletion of chromosomal arms 1p and 19q. We evaluated the role of 1p19q testing by Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the diagnosis and correct classification of CNS tumours in accordance with WHO 2016 classification and exclusion of morphological mimickers of oligodendrogliomas.

 A retrospective analysis of CNS tumours was carried out that were tested for 1p19q co-deletion by FISH over a period of fourteen months at our institute. Correlation with tumour morphology as well as other molecular tests (IDH mutation and MGMT) where available was then done. A tumour was considered to have 1p or 19q deletion when the 1p probe to 1q probe ratio (1p/1q) or the 19q probe to 19p probe ratio (19q/19p) was <0.80.

 A total of 125 cases underwent FISH testing for 1p19q co-deletion over a period of last fourteen months at our institute with 74 male patients and 51 women. Thirty-eight of the 125 evaluated patients demonstrated 1p19q co-deletion on FISH. These included 25 oligodendrogliomas, 9 astrocytomas (Grade II/III) and 4 cases of oligoastrocytomas by morphology. Out of these cases, 21 cases had a co-existent IDH mutation, while two cases were IDH wild type and for 15 cases the status was unknown. Rest of the 87 patients were negative for 1p19q co-deletion and included cases of oligodendroglioma, other gliomas (pilocytic astrocytoma, oligoastrocytoma, glioblastoma) and few glioneuronal tumours (ganglioglioma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour and central neurocytoma).

 1. Analysis of 1p19q co-deletion by FISH plays an important role in correctly identifying cases of oligodendroglioma as shown in our study. This is important as it is both a predictive as well as prognostic biomarker 2. In cases with co-deletion but IDH wild type status, the 1p19q status should be confirmed by other methods such as comparative genomic hybridization to confirm the presence of whole chromosome loss.3. FISH analysis also helps in excluding morphologic mimics of oligodendroglioma such as glioneuronal tumours and pilocytic astrocytomas in young patients. 4. However, in a resource limited country like ours, a good morphological diagnosis should still form the basis for FISH and other molecular tests to avoid unnecessary testing.


To the Editor: In November 2001, 2780 infants exposed to loratadine in utero were identified in The Swedish Medical Birth Registry. Among those infants were 15 cases of hypospadias, compared with 5.6 cases expected (based on a population rate of 1 case per 500 in the general population). The adjusted odds ratio for hypospadias and loratadine exposure was 2.4 (95% confidence interval 1.4–3.4). Continued monitoring suggested that the association was not readily consistent with occurrence by chance. Recently, the Swedish group repeated the analysis for the period 2002–2004 and reported a prevalence ratio of 0.47 (0.06–1.65), a value considerably lower than their earlier report. This new analysis was based on 1911 infants exposed to loratadine in early pregnancy. Other attempts to study this relationship have been hampered by insufficient data and inconsistent results. To examine this association, we conducted a large nationwide case-control study in Denmark, based on administrative medical health databases and linkage to the Danish nationwide prescription database. We identified all boys with hypospadias in Denmark born in the period 1996–2004 from the nationwide Hospital Discharge Registry covering all Danish hospitals. The codes for hypospadias in ICD-10 are Q54.0 (n 640), Q54.1 (n 173), Q54.2 (n 41), Q54.3 (n 9), Q54.4 (n 48), Q54.8 (n 10), Q54.9 (n 654). Using these codes, a total of 1575 cases of hypospadias were identified anytime after delivery. For each case we randomly selected from the Danish Medical Birth Registry up to 10 controls (live male births) without a diagnosis of hypospadias, matched by birth year and mother's residence. Through the nationwide prescription database, maintained by The Danish Medicines Agency, we identified all prescriptions to the mothers of cases and controls before the date of birth. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate prevalence ratios, controlling for potential confounding factors obtained from the databases, including maternal age, smoking status, birth order, preeclampsia, and prescriptions for ovulation-inducing drugs, antidiabetics, and antiepileptics (Table). We found a negative association between maternal exposure to loratadine and prevalence of hypospadias. Among 1575 cases of hypospadias, 7 cases (0.4%) and 88 controls (0.6%) were exposed to loratadine in the 30 days before conception and during the first trimester. The adjusted prevalence ratio for hypospadias among users of loratadine relative to nonusers was 0.6 (95% CI 0.3–1.4) and the corresponding prevalence ratio for other antihistamines was 1.3 (0.9 –1.9). The adjusted prevalence ratio for hypospadias among users of loratadine during the entire pregnancy relative to nonusers was 0.9 (0.5–1.6) and the corresponding prevalence ratio for other antihistamines was 1.0 (0.7–1.5). Thus, in this large populationbased nationwide study, we found strong evidence that maternal exposure to loratadine does not substantially increase the risk of hypospadias. Our findings do not corroborate the first Swedish study that initiated the hypospadias debate, but they are consistent with the other small studies that have reported on this topic. Several factors should be taken into account when interpreting this study. The full and independent nationwide registration of births, malformations, and prescriptions prevented several types of bias. Any noncompliance with the use of antihistamines and inaccurate data in the databases might bias the estimates of risk towards the null, since this imperfect specificity in routinely recorded data is most likely independent of prescription information.


At the end of the century Croatia will need additional quantities of natural gas. If there will be the depletion of gas domestic reserves, the new gas consumption can be assured by new imports. The increase of gas import from Russia is extremely doubtful. Even the quantities which had been negotiated and expected to be signed as the planned import increase are not signed yet. The transmission capacities are also engaged. For the new transmission capacity it would probably be necessary to have some new investment in order to revamp the old gas lines or construct partially the new lines. Only for the quantity needed by Croatia the investment costs could be very high. The solution could be to join one of the three project for Middle Europe supply as they have been planned in the right time for us, that is around 1997 D'ici la fin du siecle, la Croatie aura besoin d'importer de plus en plus de gaz naturel. Les possibilites d'importation sont analysees. La refection et l'extension du reseau de gaz sont etudiees. L'etat de developpement des projets POLPIPE et TRANSMED est presente


Risk investment has been approved an effective way to promote the development of high technology industry and small business.In US,venture funds are usually operated and controlled by non-government organizations and private business.It holds that as an RD plan subsidized by US government,ATP has given full play functions of venture capital,and greatly counteracted the weaknesses of private venture capital,though it isn't a venture fund founded by US government at all;on the basis of reasonable division,ATP and private venture capital have jointly promoted the development of high technology industry of US.Also,ATP is helpful to improve the management of our national science and technology plans.


CHENZHOU is a small scenic city in the mountains and a major stop on the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway. The recently opened Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway and National Highway No. 107 pass through the city, and it is only a four hour drive to Guangzhou and Changsha. Since opening of the Guangdong-Hunan segment of the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway in March this year, even more Guangzhou residents visit Chenzhou to enjoy its tranquil vistas.


Abstract. The wide bandgap, one-dimensional zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) and their heterostructures with other materials provide excellent pathways for efficient photovoltaic (PV) and light-emitting devices. ZnO NWs sensitized with quantum dots (QDs) provide high-surface area and tunable bandgap absorbers with a directional path for carriers in advanced PV devices, while ZnO heterojunctions with other p-type wide bandgap materials lead to light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with better emission and waveguiding properties compared with the homojunction counterparts. Synthesis of the structures with the desired morphology is a key to device applications. In this work, ZnO NW arrays were synthesized using hydrothermal method on ZnO and GaN thin films. Highly crystalline, upright, and ordered arrays of ZnO NWs in the 50 to 250-nm diameter range and 1 μm in length were obtained. The morphology and optical properties of the NWs were studied. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis revealed nonstoichiometric oxygen content in the grown ZnO NWs. Photoluminescence (PL) studies depicted the presence of oxygen vacancy and interstitial zinc defects in the grown ZnO NWs, underlining the potential for LEDs. Further, hydrophobically ligated CdSe/ZnS QDs were successfully incorporated to the NW arrays. PL analysis indicated the injection of electrons from photoexcited QDs to the NWs, showing the potential for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells.


"While continuing a full operative schedule, he graduated from the University of Washington Teaching Scholars Program and received the Julian S. Ansell Teaching Award for his original and constructive approaches to resident education... In addition to Dr. Joyner's local teaching responsibilities, he remains academically active on a national/international level and serves as a reviewer for journals such as Urology and Journal of Urology."


This is the first report of two ectoparasitoid wasps, Elachertus inunctus (Nees, 1834) in Iran and Elachertus pulcher (Erdös, 1961) (Hym.: Eulophidae) in the world, that parasitize larvae of the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lep.: Gelechiidae). The specimens were collected from tomato fields and greenhouses in Ahwaz, Khouzestan province (south west of Iran). Both species are new records for fauna of Iran. The knowledge about these parasitoids is still scanty. The potential of these parasitoids for biological control of T. absoluta in tomato fields and greenhouses should be investigated.


Introduction: Variations in bipolar electrogram (EGM) voltage peak-to-peak (Vpp) due to the orientation of bipolar electrodes produce ambiguous bipolar voltage maps. This could lead to erroneous characterization of a myocardium and thus treatment strategy. Using omnipolar EGMs, we can mathematically determine an equivalent bipolar EGM and its Vpp (OTmax) along a wavefront angle-of-incidence (AOI) which, in concept, is the largest bipolar Vpp measurable in any orientation. OTmax can be used to standardize voltage mapping. Methods: We electrically mappped on four rabbit and two human ventricles using different 2D high density electrode arrays (HD grid and HD plaque). We calculated bipolar EGMs and Vpps from adjacent electrodes in two orientations, horizontal (H) and vertical (V). Bipolar voltage maps were created. To compare, we calculated OTmax within an area enclosed by 4 adjacent electrodes with which we used to create standardized bipolar voltage maps. We quantified both Vpp distributions and consistenc...


The emergence of mobile health (mHealth) can be attributed to the ever-growing capabilities of smartphones as well as to their prevalence in modern society. These trends launched a platform on which the delivery of advanced healthcare services is becoming more feasible. It is estimated that more than 3.7 billion mHealth applications were downloaded from different online application stores in the year 2017 alone. The market value for wireless health and mHealth is projected to increase to over 156 billion U.S. dollars by the year 2020. This roughly constitutes %75 of the total value of the global digital health market (Berger n.d.; Research2guidance n.d.).


In order to investigate the acidic chlorinated compounds in pulp bleaching spent liquor, the lignin model compounds, coniferyl alcohol(mp ), -(2-methoxyphenoxy)-acetoguaiacone(mp ) and dehydrodiisoeugenol(mp ), were synthesized and chlorinated by chlorine in glacial acetic acid. From the chlorinated products, the following chlorine-containing aromatic compounds were identified by TLC. In coniferyl alcohol the chlorine-substituted compounds at 4-, 5-and 4,5-position of aromatic nucleus were identified and in -0-4 type the compounds substituted chlorine for alkyl group and/or hydrogen at land 1,4-position of aromatic nucleus expected to be formed by electrophilic displacement from -(2-methoxyphenoxy)-acetoguaiacone were not identified but the chlorine-substituted compounds at 4-, 5-, 6- and 5,6-position of aromatic nucleus were identified.


Improvement of the voltage control of transmission networks is nowadays becoming a challenging problem. This paper presents some preliminary results related to the perspective applications of the secondary voltage control on the Romanian power grid. System robustness with respect to the tripping of lines and generators is checked through simulations with and without secondary voltage control.


Background: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a pivotal role in cellular adaptation to decreased energy supply. In the vasculature, AMPK activates endothelial NO synthase, promotes angiogen...


Three common quality problems of hole,skewing and whiteness in fabric outside processing were investigated.Causes of these three problems and solutions were analyzed.


Psychological stress is a risk factor for primary polydipsia in adolescents without psychiatric comorbidity. Taking a detailed family and social history can help to distinguish primary polydipsia from diabetes insipidus in adolescents with challenging presentations of polydipsia and polyuria.


The Hedgehog (HH) pathway regulates a spectrum of developmental processes through the transcriptional mediation of GLI proteins. GLI repressors control tissue patterning by preventing sub-threshold activation of HH target genes, presumably even before HH induction, while lack of GLI repression activates most targets. Despite GLI repression being central to HH regulation, it is unknown when it first becomes established in HH-responsive tissues. Here, we investigate whether GLI3 prevents precocious gene expression during limb development. Contrary to current dogma, we find that GLI3 is inert prior to HH signaling. While GLI3 binds to most targets, loss of Gli3 does not increase target gene expression, enhancer acetylation or accessibility, as it does post-HH signaling. Furthermore, GLI repression is established independently of HH signaling, but after its onset. Collectively, these surprising results challenge current GLI pre-patterning models and demonstrate that GLI repression is not a default state for the HH pathway. GLI repression has been presumed to be the default transcriptional state and important for pre-patterning tissues. Challenging current models, the authors show that GLI3 repression is inert in the limb bud before the onset of Hedgehog signaling.


Stacking dice using die attach films is a very common approach to pack more and more memory and functionalities into the same foot print area. Devices with up to eight 35 µm thick electronic components stacked using 30 µm thick die attach materials are in mass production today. The next generation devices target die thicknesses of 25 µm and even 15 µm to be stacked using 5 µm thick adhesive layers. Picking and placing these types of ultra thin dies from the wafer mounting tape is extremely difficult. There are 3 areas to explore in order to improve the die bonding productivity for these ultra thin die. The equipment design, the method of picking, and the process used for placing the die. In this contribution a novel die bonder which picks and places a die in parallel allowing for reduction in the overall cycle time is discussed. The die attach process is investigated in detail and methods to improve throughput while maintaining quality are presented.


This research creates a steady headwind at a user position in the scaled Treadport Active Wind Tunnel (TPAWT). The TPAWT adds a wind display system to the previously developed Treadport virtual environment, and this research builds upon prior work to provide improved control of headwind angle at the user position. Key to this research is the addition of a negative pressure plenum at the rear of the treadport to improve nominal flow stability. The previous controller based upon the small gain theorem with a dynamic extension is then modified to provide wind angle feedback control. A conditional angular rate-switching controller is added to reduce wind angle oscillations at the user. A vorticity-meter is developed to assure that the wind flow is centered at the user position. As a result, this research reduces wind angle error by 75% compared to previous work.


The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of quince fruit powder and dill leaves extract in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia induced experimentally by feeding male albino rats with 0.5% w/w cholesterol in diet for 4 weeks. The results revealed that the cholesterol-fed rats were characterized by high serum levels of total lipids, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL- cholesterol, as well as a low level of HDL-cholesterol. Also an elevation in LDL/ HDL–cholesterol and a reduction in HDL-cholesterol /total cholesterol ratio. The present results also recorded highly significant increase in the indicative enzymes of hepatic and cardiac activities, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (AST), and creatine kinase (CK) in hypercholesterolemia rats. Moreover, the hypercholesterolemia diet produced oxidative stress as achieved by significant increase in liver and heart thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) indicating increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), in addition, a significant decrease in liver and heart glutathione content (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). However, the dietary supplementation with quince (10 % w/w in diet) or orally administration of dill at a dose of 50 mg/kg BW/ day for 4 weeks to hypercholesterolemic rats, showed a remarkable amelioration in the lipid profiles, hepatic and cardiac enzymes activities as well as oxidative stress markers. Hence the present findings give an overview about the beneficially intake of quince or dill for treating the dyslipidemia and oxidative stress and will provide a potential scope for future use of quince and dill as hypocholesterolemic agents.


This thesis consists of two different parts, having in common the fact that in both, conformal invariance plays a central role. In the first part, the author derives conditions for conformal invariance, in the large N limit, and for the existence of an infinite number of commuting classical conserved quantities, in the Generalized Thirring Model. The treatment uses the bosonized version of the model. Two different approaches are used to derive conditions for conformal invariance: the background field method and the Hamiltonian method based on an operator algebra, and the agreement between them is established. The author constructs two infinite sets of non-local conserved charges, by specifying either periodic or open boundary conditions, and he finds the Poisson Bracket algebra satisfied by them. A free field representation of the algebra satisfied by the relevant dynamical variables of the model is also presented, and the structure of the stress tensor in terms of free fields (and free currents) is studied in detail. In the second part, the author proposes a new approach for deriving the string field equations from a general sigma model on the world sheet. This approach leads to an equation which combines some of the attractive features ofmore » both the renormalization group method and the covariant beta function treatment of the massless excitations. It has the advantage of being covariant under a very general set of both local and non-local transformations in the field space. The author applies it to the tachyon, massless and first massive level, and shows that the resulting field equations reproduce the correct spectrum of a left-right symmetric closed bosonic string.« less


Nanotechnology seems to have a productive prospect for the future due to the realization that the NPs possess properties that differ significantly from those observed in bulk materials. However, as the outcome of unique properties of NPs especially in the field of military protection wears, and because of increasing potential for exposure to them, there are growing concerns about the toxicity of zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and carbon black nanoparticles, as they helpfully provide many advantage applications in this field.


Background Infliximab, a chimeric anti-TNF-alpha antibody has been used successfully for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in combination with methotrexate. Open studies with a few number of patients suggested that infliximab as monotherapy is also effective in active spondyloarthropathies. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of infliximab as monotherapy in patients with refractory and active spondyloarthropathy. Methods Thirty-eight week, open, multicentric and prospective trial, in 42 patients with spondyloarthropathy, according the ESSG and/or Amor criteria. All patients have disease duration of more than one year and persistent disease activity despite use of different drugs (NSAIDs, sulfasalazine, methotrexate or pamidronate). Infliximab is administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg, at 0, 2, 6, 14, 22 and 30 weeks. Clinical assessment was performed at these weeks at a week 38. Different clinical disease activity measures are performed, including BASDAI and patient global assessment of disease status. Disability is measured by BASFI and HAQ-Sp. ESR and CRP is used as laboratory parameters of inflammation. Results Preliminary results at week 0, 2 and 6 in 10 patients (3F/7M): 8 AS patients and 2 undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy; mean age: 36 ± 7 yr, mean disease duration: 14 ± 6 yr are presented in this Table 1. In all patients a significant improvement in clinical, functional and laboratory parameters were observed. This improvement was seen at week 2 (after the first dose) and is maintained at week 6.Abstract OP0059 Table 1 BASDAI (m ± sd) BASFI (m ± sd) GLOB ASSESS (m ± sd) ESR (mm) (m ± sd) CRP (mg/dl) (m ± sd) Week 0 7.47 ± 1.05 6.80 ± 1.31 8.06 ± 1.09 51 ± 32 35.8 ± 29.3 Week 2 3.52 ± 2.44* Not evaluate 3.97 ± 2.06* 18 ± 17* 4.5 ± 4.1* Week 6 3.12 ± 1.43 3.16 ± 1.85 3.38 ± 1.79 11 ± 18 3.5 ± 3.1* p < 0.01. Conclusion Preliminary results of this open study show that infliximab provides a quick and significant clinical improvement in refractory spondyloarthropathies.


THE stated meeting of the Buffalo Academy of Medicine was held at the Academy rooms, Public Library Building, Tuesday evening, January 28, 1902. The meeting was called to order by the president, Dr. Charles G. Stockton, at 8.45 p.m. The minutes of the last stated meeting were read and approved. The council recommended the election of Drs. Joseph B. Betz and Vertner Kenerson for resident membership. They were separately balloted for and elected fellows of the Academy. The section on obstetrics and gynecology provided the fol lowing program: Dr. William R. Pryor, professor of gynecology, New York, read a paper, entitled


This article analyzes the interdependency between the market for music recordings on the one side and the market for concert tickets on the other side, assuming that there are positive indirect network effects both from the record market to ticket sales for live performances and vice versa. In a model with two interrelated Hotelling lines, prices in both markets are corrected downward when compared to the standard Hotelling model. In the integrated business model, file sharing has an ambiguous effect on firms' profitability. As file sharing can indirectly increase demand for live performances, overall profits can either increase or decrease, depending on the strength of indirect network effects. Finally, file sharing may induce firms to switch from the traditional business model with two separate firms to an integrated business model where one agency markets both records and concerts (so-called 360° deals).


New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1999. 429 pp. $30.00. "I have lived a few lives, "observes Elie Wiesel, in the second volume of his memoirs. How these existences interrelate provides a key to understanding the thought of this remarkable survivor. Driven by the claims of memory, he has devoted his life to bearing witness. Universally known, recipient of the Nobel Peace prize and many literary awards, the author is indefatigable in his efforts on behalf of Jewish and human rights. In fact, he views the two as inextricably bound. For Wiesel, a central figure on the stage of contemporary history, universal lessons flow from the particular. Paradoxically, however, he remains a very private public figure. Nevertheless, distinguishing between the two volumes of his memoirs, Wiesel writes that in volume two, "The introvert will yield to the extrovert." He himself provides a crucial clue to reading his life when he observes, "I look for the life of the boy from Sighet in that of the orphan abandoned in Buchenwald." This volume is a veritable cornucopia of Wieseliana. From its pages the reader gleans much information about the author as writer, human rights activist, and, above all, a figure who is firmly and lovingly rooted in Judaism. Reviewing the landscape of his life for the past thirty years, Wiesel reflects on issues ranging from politics to piety. Early on, he tells the reader the he feels obligated to "turn my attention to those who have been judging me." His account of Simon Wiesenthal's boorish behavior is especially frank. Wiesel is reviled by extremists on both the left and the right. Deeply committed to the Jewish people, he is accused of being "Judeocentric." A staunch supporter of Israel, he is criticized for not living in the Jewish State. The French antisemite Jean-Marie Domenach vilely shrieks that certain Jews -- including Wiesel -- are collecting "the dividends of Auschwitz" for their own reasons. On the political level, Wiesel takes his readers into the labyrinthine world of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Council, especially as its members are forced to take a stand on President Reagan's infamous visit to Bitburg, the German military cemetery which includes graves of the SS. Wiesel vigorously opposes this visit. Unsurprisingly, Patrick Buchanan, a presidential advisor well known for Holocaust denial, contends it is crucial that the administration not be viewed as succumbing to Jewish pressure. Not to be outdone, Marshall Breger, a practicing Orthodox Jew and Jewish Affairs advisor to the White House, tries to dissuade Wiesel from his opposition. But for the author, the matter is not politics but a question of good and evil. Receiving the Congressional Gold Medal, and with President Reagan in attendance at the nationally televised event, Wiesel speaks truth to power. He reminds the president, for whom he has high personal regard, that his place is not with the murderers, but with the victims. In a chapter aptly titled From Sighet to Oslo, Wiesel, two years shy of his sixtieth birthday, describes two honors he receives in 1986. …


We hypothesized that an individual's state of health affects its response to stress. To test this, we used the natural history of inherited heart disease in hamsters as a sliding scale of organ vulnerability on which we superimposed a constant set of stressors. When the animal was stressed at an early point in its disease, heart failure did not develop. Later, after cardiac compensatory changes had developed, stress precipitated overt heart failure. Finally, stress administered when the animal was in overt heart failure further amplified the medical consequences of stress, and some animals succumbed.—Tapp, W. N.; Natelson, B. H. Consequences of stress: a multiplicative function of health status. FASEB J. 2: 2268‐2271; 1988.


In this paper we review the application of classical optical spectroscopy techniques, optical emission spectroscopy, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and absorption, to atmospheric-pressure discharges, with special emphasis on the importance of collision-induced transformations in electronic excited states. Collision processes will be reviewed that are relevant to the main atomic and molecular radicals of interest in the actual application framework. A critical discussion will be devoted to the available rate constant data for collision quenching and vibrational relaxation of N2(C 3Πu, v = 0–4) and , whose emissions are used for the spectroscopic determination of the reduced electric field by the nitrogen band ratio method. A further detailed discussion will address LIF measurements of OH in unknown He(Ar) + humid air mixtures.


Background

Complications associated with peripherally placed percutaneous central venous catheters (PCVC) in neonates include mechanical complications (catheter thrombosis, occlusion or dislodgement) and infection. Strategies to prevent catheter thrombosis and occlusion include the use of heparin. However, heparin is known to be associated with complications such as bleeding and thrombocytopenia.

Objectives

Primary objective: To assess the effectiveness of heparin for prevention of catheter related thrombosis.

Secondary objectives: To assess the effectiveness of heparin on catheter occlusion, duration of catheter patency, catheter related sepsis and complications associated with the use of heparin.

Search strategy

A literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL from their inception to December 2007, The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2007) and abstracts from the annual meetings of the Pediatric Academic Societies was performed without language restrictions.

Selection criteria

Randomized or quasi-randomized clinical trials of neonates where heparin infusion was compared to placebo or no treatment for prevention of any of the complications related to peripherally placed PCVC were included.

Data collection and analysis

The methodological quality of included trials was assessed using criteria for masking of randomization, masking of intervention, completeness of follow-up and masking of outcome measurement. Data on relevant outcomes were extracted and the effect size was estimated by calculating relative risk (RR), risk difference (RD) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Main results

Three randomized trials were identified. Two trials of adequate methodology met the eligibility criteria. These studies included 267 neonates. There was reduced risk of catheter occlusion (typical RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.15, 0.53, NNT 5, 95% CI 3, 8). There was no statistically significant difference in the duration of catheter patency when analyzed as continuous data; however, in one study survival analyses identified benefit with heparin (adjusted hazard ratio 0.55, 95% CI 0.36, 83); (Shah 2007). This could be due to higher incidence of elective removal of catheters in neonates at the completion of therapy in the heparin group (63% vs. 42%; p = 0.002) (Shah 2007). There was no statistically significant differences in the risk of thrombosis (typical RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.58, 1.51), catheter related sepsis (typical RR 1.96, 95% CI 0.50, 7.60), or extension of intraventricular hemorrhage (typical RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.25, 3.03) between the two groups.

Authors' conclusions

Implications for practice: Prophylactic use of heparin for peripherally placed PCVC allows a greater number of infants to complete their intended use (complete therapy) by reducing occlusion. Evidence from this systematic review support the prophylactic use of heparin for PCVC in neonates at a dose of 0.5 IU/kg/hr.

Implications for research: None of these studies was powered to evaluate a lower incidence rate of adverse events. If this therapy is adopted in routine practice, monitoring of side effects is indicated.

Plain Language Summary

Continuous heparin infusion to prevent thrombosis and catheter occlusion in neonates with peripherally placed percutaneous central venous catheters

There is now evidence to show the effect of heparin for preventing complications when used with central catheters to give access to the tiny veins of premature and critically ill babies

Critically ill or premature babies (born before 37 weeks of pregnancy) often need medication and feeding through their veins. These veins are small and fragile so repeated injections can be hard and painful for the baby. A central catheter is a small tube that can be inserted into the vein, allowing medications and other liquids to be given to the baby for a prolonged period. It can get dislodged, blocked or infected. The drug heparin allows to complete intended therapy in more patients without increasing complications of bleeding or allergic reactions. The review found that there was now evidence to show benefit of heparin. If it is used routinely, careful monitoring of side effects is warranted.


Problem of security provisions and suggested actions for recovery of agro industrial complex and Fish industry of Russia are presented in the article.


Objective: To evaluate possible effects of intake of a free, healthy school meal on overall meal frequency and watching TV while eating among 10-12-year-olds in Norway. Design: Quasi-experimental school-based intervention study. Children's meal frequency and watching TV while eating were assessed using a retrospective questionnaire. Odds ratio estimates, and confidence intervals, with breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper and TV watching while eating as dependent variables, were determined through multiple logistic regression analyses. Setting: Two elementary schools in the southern part of Norway in 2014/15. Subjects: A total of 164 children at baseline; 55 children in the intervention group and 109 children in the control group. Results: The offered free school meal for one year did not improve neither the overall meal frequency nor watching TV while eating in the intervention group compared to the control group. The intervention group had significantly lower odds for eating breakfast in the weekends compared to the control group at the second follow-up in the crude analyses (OR = 0.09 (95 % CI 0.09-0.84)). After adjusting for baseline values, gender and SES, this remained statistically significant (OR = 0.15 (95 % CI 0.03-0.72)). Conclusions: Serving of a free healthy school meal every day for one year showed no effect on improving meal frequency or decreasing the amount of TV watching while eating in the intervention group compared with the control group. Studies including bigger study samples and thereby higher statistical power, is needed to further investigate possible effects of school meals on meal frequency and eating while watching TV.


Statoil invented in the late 1990's the use of the controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) method for remote identification of hydrocarbons in marine settings. The method was successfully tested offshore Africa in 2000, and subsequent pilot tests proved CSEM as a tool with the potential to predict hydrocarbons before drilling. The early technical successes of the first test surveys, in particular the Troll calibration survey from 2003, created an enormous commercial interest. The industry quickly adopted the new technology and pushed applications into far more challenging areas. Among the success cases, also several vague and non-conclusive results followed, and the total commercial interest declined. In retrospect, we asked the question: Is CSEM data worth the money? A recent internal Statoil review of the CSEM performance in exploration shows a clear progress with time from the first early surveys to the more recent surveys. CSEM in hydrocarbon exploration has a short commercial history of less than ten years, and the progress can be explained by improvement during these years in acquisition, processing, interpretation techniques, experience, skills, and tools. The economical value of CSEM data can be predicted for specific exploration settings using standard decision analysis. Based on performance tracking and review of the prediction strength, conservative estimates of the economical value of CSEM data can be more than 10 times above the typical costs for a CSEM survey and analysis.


The utility model relates to a multi-frequency antenna for mobile phones. The antenna is arranged in an inner insulating cover, and matches with a coil which positions at the upper part of a supporting disk. The utility model is also provided with a contact piece, one end of which is positioned at the lower end of the supporting disk and the local piece of which is exposed outward. An outer sleeve pipe can be fixedly sheathed with the inner insulating cover which has assembled with built-in place components. One end of the coil is pressed on the inner top surface of the outer sleeve pipe, and the other end of the coil is pressed on the surface of the supporting disk. In the whole length of the coil, the coil comprises a sparse winding section and a dense winding section. The coil can cooperate with the matching conduction and connection between the contact piece and the supporting disk to form a multi-frequency antenna device, therefore, a desired multi-frequency antenna can be rapidly and conveniently manufactured under the assembly operating procedure of the existing components.


Nealy, A large amount of underground spaces is constructed the form of deep basement in construction work. During their service life, Underground spaces have been keeping to dry enough for habitable or utilitarian used. This method is of use for waterproofness in underground spaces.


Objective: The kernel from Podocarpus falcatus has potential for the production of edible oil. The oil is currently extracted using a traditional inefficient method for the purpose of household consumption. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of particle size and extraction temperature on the yield and quality of oil extracted from P. Falactus seeds by the aqueous method. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design that comprised of three aqueous temperatures (70, 80, and 900C) and three particle sizes (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75mm). Results: The maximum oil yield in this study was obtained at 22.29 and 22.38±2.10% at an extraction temperature of 70°C and the particle size of 0.5mm respectively. Particle size and oil yield have a correlation in that higher extraction were obtained (25%) as the particle size decreased. The particle size and temperature interaction had a positive effect on yield and maximum oil yield (25.25%) was obtained by the combination of 0.25mm particle size and 70°C. The peroxide, iodine, and saponification values were obtained with an acceptable range by the combination of 0.25mm and within the acceptable limit of edible oil 70°C. Yield and oil quality were influenced by extraction particle size and temperature.


Energy consumption of clean air-conditioning far higher than conventional air-conditioning system.In this paper,according to the characteristics of clean air-conditioning,from the design of air-conditioning systems,the selection of air-conditioning equipments,air-conditioning systems operations and management,etc.provide some energy-saving measures.Analysis showed that the indoor reasonable parameters design,appropriate use of highly efficient air-conditioning equipment,air-conditioning systems to strengthen the functioning and management,can effectively reduce the energy consumption of clean air-conditioning systems.


A physics-baseddata-driven model is proposed for forecasting of subsurface energy production. The model fully relies on production data and does not require any in-depth knowledge of reservoir geology or governing physics. In the proposed approach, we use the Delft Advanced Reservoir Terra Simulator (DARTS) as a workhorse for data-driven simulation. DARTS uses an operator-based linearization technique that exploits an abstract interpretation of physics benefiting computational performance. The physics-baseddata-driven model is trained to fit data increasing the fidelity of the model forecast and reflecting significant changes in reservoir dynamics or physics over its history. The model is examined and validated for both synthetic and real field production data. We demonstrate that the developed approach is capable of providing accurate and reliable production forecast on a daily basis, even if the exact geological information is not available.


In order to study the impact of pile length on the bearing properties of long-short piles composite foundation, distribution of the axial force and skin friction along pile, the bearing mechanics of long-short-pile composite foundation with long and short piles were studied based on laboratory tests in three different conditions: 60-centimeter-long long piles with 20-centimeter-long short piles, 60-centimeter-long long piles with 30-centimeter-long short piles and 60-centimeter-long long piles with 60-centimeter-long short piles in this paper. Keeping the length of long piles 60 centimeters, conclusions were as follows: the axial force of long piles decreased a little with the increasing of short piles length and the axial force of short piles increased obviously with the increasing of short piles length; No matter how the length of short piles changed, long and short piles always followed the law that the value of axial force of corner piles were the largest, followed side piles and then center piles; The value of long and short piles skin friction both decreased with the increasing of short piles length; No matter how the length of short piles changed, long and short piles always followed the law that the utilization degree of the skin fiction of center piles were the largest, followed side piles and then corner piles.


Surfactants in herbicide formulations eventually enter soil and may disrupt various processes. Research examined effects on nutrient uptake in corn caused by surfactants, herbicides, and surfactant-herbicide combinations applied to silt loam and silty clay loam soils in the greenhouse. Surfactants evaluated were Activator 90, Agri-Dex, and Thrust; herbicides were glyphosate, atrazine, and bentazon. Corn was planted in fertilized soils with moisture content maintained for optimum growth. Foliage (V8 growth stage) was collected for elemental analyses. Nutrient uptake differed with soil texture. Nutrient uptake from silty clay loam was more affected by surfactants and/or herbicides than in silt loam. Potassium uptake was significantly (P = 0.05) decreased in silt loam only by Thrust but uptake of phosphorus (P), potassium (K) calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) decreased by ≤30% in silty clay loam treated with surfactants. Surfactants and/or herbicides may interact with soil texture to affect nutrient uptake. Long-term field studies to validate changes in nutrient uptake and grain yields after annual applications of surfactants plus herbicides are needed.


Telang flower ( Clitoria ternatea L.) contains phenolic compounds which can act as antioxidants by donating hydrogen so as to stabilize the lack of electrons in free radicals. This study aims to determine the antioxidant potential of telang flower ethanol extract by looking at the IC 50 value. Telang flowers were extracted by maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent. The potential for antioxidants was determined by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method with a comparison of vitamin C which had been shown to have the potential of free radicals which were very potent. The results showed the IC 50 value of telang flower ethanol extract was 41.36 ± 1.191 μg / mL, based on that value the telang flower extract from the Sleman area was in the very potent category so that it could be developed as a source of antioxidants from natural ingredients.


We have proposed a very simple yet highly reliable face recognition algorithm using VQ histogram. This histogram, obtained by Vector Quantization (VQ) processing for the facial image, is utilized as a very effective personal feature. In this paper, we combine the VQ histogram with Markov Stationary Features (MSF) so as to add spatial structure information to histogram. Experimental results show maximum average recognition rate of 96.16% is obtained for 400 images of 40 persons from the publicly available face database of AT&T Laboratories Cambridge.


Mainly based on documentary data, on-site inspections, questionaires and experts interviews etc. methods, this essay analyzes the current situation and growing trend of cheering squad sport in China. The results show that the cheering squad sport, being large scale, is much sought after and its market is advancing day by day. Currently, the cheering squad sport program has develped into reasonable teams involving from promary schools, high schools to colleges and universities. It is facing sound development opportunities and prospects in school PE progress.


Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is of potential interest to agriculture due to mainly variability of fatty acid composition of seeds oil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate various exotic genotypes of safflower for agronomic traits, components of seed yield and fatty acid content. For this purpose, plant height (cm), number of first, second and third branches/plant, seed yield/plant (g), thousand-seed weight (g), oil content (%), and composition of fatty acid were investigated. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to develop fitted equation to predicate seed yield/plant. Analysis of variance of agronomic traits showed high differences among genotypes. Although the safflower oil genotype K2 had the highest oil seed content (42.8%), K13 obtained the highest percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Highest oleic type of safflower oil has been found in K13 and K26, which can be used as a source oil quality for plant breeding. Heritability as broad sense was high and ranged from 82% in number of secondary branches (NSB) and number of third branches (NTHB) to 99% in seed index (1000 seeds weight) and oil content. High genetic advance was found in plant height (PH), seed yield/plant (SYP) and 1000-seed weight, estimated at 43.41 cm, 21.34 g and 17.62 g, respectively. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that, 99.2% of the total variation in seed yield/plant could be explained by variation in yield of secondary (YSB) branches, yield of first branches (YFB), yield of third branches (YTHB), plant height (PH) and spiny as dummy variable. 23.56% of the total variation in seed oil percent could be explained by variation in yield of first branches (YFB), seed index and spiny as dummy variable. The information detected here may be a useful tool for the selection of parents in safflower breeding program.


Using mixed methods in social and behavioral research has become increasingly popular judging by the number of available texts. Importantly, several shorter texts (\200 pages) have recently been published that focus on how to conceptualize, conduct, and present mixed methods research (see, e.g., Bazeley, 2019; Creswell, 2014; Morse & Neihaus, 2009). Pat Bazeley's book is distinguished by its relatively comprehensive, highly practical, concretely anchored, and accessible introduction to mixed methods research. She touches on all relevant practical stages in the evolution of a mixed methods research investigation: developing conceptual frameworks and research questions, research design and implementation, ethics, integrative data analysis strategies, theory development, and integrative reporting. These stages are discussed in the context of business and management research, from which all her illustrations are sourced. Bazeley provides thought problems, exercises, and questions for students and researchers seeking to extend their toolkit as well as pointers on things to consider when writing. Bazeley's book is organized into five concise chapters:


Chapter 1 List of Figures Chapter 2 Foreword Chapter 3 Preface Chapter 4 Acknowledgments Chapter 5 Introduction Chapter 6 Endnotes Chapter 7 Part I: The Life Context that Shaped Takakura's Thought: Takakura the Human Being: Home and Family Personality and Character Experience of Meiji, Taisho, and early Showa Japan Conversion and Career Death Endnotes Chapter 8 Part II: The Christian Faith Conveyed to Takakura through the Church in Meiji Japan: Meiji Christianity's Socio-political Context Organizational Developments Theological Understandings Uemura Masahisa Endnotes The Christian Faith Conveyed to Chapter 9 Takakura's Articulation of the Christian Faith Within His contemporary Situation: Japanese Language and Context Fukuinteki Kirisutokyo The Historical Context of Fukuinteki Kirisutokyo Endnotes Chapter 10 Analysis of Takakura's Thought: The Development of Takakura's Thought Takakura's Thought in Relation to Western Systematic Theology Structural Elements in Takakura's Thought Endnotes Chapter 11 Conclusion Chapter 12 Endnotes Chapter 13 Appendix: Items for Further Research Chapter 14 Endnotes Chapter 15 Bibliography Chapter 16 Author Biographical Sketch Chapter 17 Index


To express and purify the Mycobacterium tuberculosis latent infection implicated protein (ICL),determine the bidogical activity and prepare the polyclonal antibody against ICL,the gene encoding ICL was amplified by PCR from genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain and inserted into prokaryotic expression vector pQE30 to obtain recombinant plasmid pQE30 icl. The recombinant vector pQE30 icl was transformed into E.coli after digestion by restriction endonuclease and sequence analysis, induced with IPTG. The product was analyzed by SDS PAGE and Western blotting. Then the expressed protein was purified by Ni NTA purification system. The enzyme activity of the purified protein was determined. The polyclonal antibody was prepared by immunization with the purified protein in New Zealand rabbits, and the specific antibody titer was determinded by double immunodiffusion.It was found that the sequence of icl obtained by PCR amplification had two nucleotides mutations,both were nonsense mutations.The expressed protein induced by IPTG in E.coli had relative molecular mass of 47 kDa. The Western blotting analysis showed the expressed protein could react with the serum from tuberculosis patients speicfically. The enzyme activity of the purified protein was 16.7u/mg. The specific antibody titer in the serum of rabbits immunized with the purified protein was 1∶32.Mycobacterium tuberculosis latent infection implicated protein ICL with enzyme activity was expressed successfully in E.coli. The polyclonal antibody of ICL was produced successfully in rabbit. Our study established some material foundations for researches against latent infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


The calculation method of nonlinear artificial neural network based on fuzzy evaluation algorithm is introduced. This method is used to evaluate the precision of micro machined machining and to find the influence factors of the precision of micromachining. The traditional machining precision control mainly adopts the linear control strategy, but the micromachining involves the mechanical characteristics of the micro field, and many linear machine adding precision control methods cannot effectively control the precision of the micromachining. Using fuzzy evaluation method, large data cluster training method can be used to fit the control curve of micromachining accuracy. The nonlinear mapping of the fuzzy evaluation algorithm is realized by the large sample training method, and the objective and effective parameter evaluation and precision control of the machining precision in the micro machined field are realized. It is proved that the fuzzy evaluation algorithm can accurately evaluate the precision of micro machined machining. Learning through large data samples can effectively improve the topology practicability and rationality of the algorithm.


Objective To evaluate the application situation and the developmental trend of antineoplastic drugs in our hospital. Methods Antineoplastic drugs used in our hospital during 2008 ~ 2012 were analyzed statistically in respect of drug varieties,DDDs and consumption sum. Results The number of varieties of antineoplastic drugs increased by 7 from 2008 to 2012. The consumption sum of antineoplastic drugs increased extraordinary,its average annual incremental rate was 37. 6%. The average annual incremental rate of the total amount of drug used in our hospital was 23. 2%. Top 10 of DDDs and top 10 of consumption sum had taken place some great changes over the five years. The other anticancer drugs and adjuvant drugs took more than 40% proportion in the consumption sum of antineoplastic drugs. The consumption sum of Yadanziyouru Injection,Tijiao Capsule,Lentinan for Injection,etc,had made tremendous growth respectively. Conclusion Current application situation and developmental trend of antineoplastic drugs in our hospital basically corresponded with the principle of the tumer chemotherapy. The direction was towards the use of antineoplastic drugs with individualized therapy,high efficiency and low toxicity,but great attention should be paid to the treatment effect of cancer and economic costs.


igneous), particle roundness and angularity, the presence of particle discontinuities, and pore fluids, in this case, trapped air due to rapid sedimentation in a desert environment and pore water (evident from pressure solution features, Kerrich 1978). To understand the role of brittle deformation in compaction and diagenesis of the selected sandstone, these aspects should have been considered, as they influence brittle deformation of particles. In relation to these aspects, the discusser would like to inquire about several aspects of their


Spatial planners often make "comprehensive" decisions on the location of public service facilities by using the concept of urban hierarchy: population centers at the upper level of the hierarchy (typically large cities) get the highest level facilities, such as specialized hospitals and universities, while the centers at the lower levels of hierarchy get lower-level facilities. Intuitively, this suggests that there should be a link between urban hierarchy designations and population dynamics in future periods. This link must be taken into account in planning decisions, as it suggests that today's decisions affect tomorrow's demand for services. Indeed, this link was assumed in a previously published planning model. Yet, no direct evidence of such a link appears in the literature. The primary goal of this article is to fill this gap by using the census data for Portugal for the period 1991–2001 and the changes in the urban hierarchy that were implemented during 1980s and early 1990s. While our results support the link between urban hierarchy designations and population dynamics that has been assumed in previously published work, the mechanism describing this link appears to be somewhat different from the one postulated previously. Several extensions and directions for future work are also discussed.


We present for the first time a quadruple array of MZI switches hybrid integrated on a single chip and package used to perform error-free clock, data recovery and label extraction for 40 Gb/s packets.


The study was conducted in Asaita and Dubti districts in northeastern Ethiopia to assess the contribution of Tendaho Irrigation Project to the improvement of the livelihoods of agropastoralists. Various data collection methods, including questionnaire surveys, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion and field observations were used. A total of 70 respondents were taken for questionnaire survey (35 from each districts). It has been found that irrigation agriculture, animal rearing and selling of fuel wood are the major sources of livelihood for the study population.  According to the key informants, 14, 532 hectare of land has been currently irrigated by the state and 12, 714 peoples are employed as permanent and temporary workers in the ongoing TIP. The livelihoods of the majority of respondents (74.3%) has improved due to the contributions of TIP with a significant difference at α 0.05 level. The difference in access and ownership of agropastoralists to the five livelihood assets before and after their involvement in TIP was found to be significant at α 0.01 level of significance. The TIP has facilitated the diversification of agropastoralists' livelihoods in which 48.6%, 25.7% and 25.7% of respondents have invested in rural trade, urban trade and other source of livelihood, respectively. Generally collaborative irrigation resource management of TIP has enabled agropastoralists to improve and diversify their livelihood.  To make the contribution of TIP to the livelihood improvement of the local communities more and sustainable, their participation at all decision making that directly or indirectly affect their lives has to be assured


The cation of the title salt, C7H11N2 +·C12H13O2 −·H2O, is planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0184 Å). In the crystal, the cation, anion and water molecule are linked by O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a chain running along the a axis.


In this work we explicitly calculate the thermal conductivity for a bidimensional dilute gas of neutral molecules by solving Boltzmann's equation. Chapman-Enskog's method is used in order to analytically obtain the transport coefficient to first approximation. The result is expressed in terms of a collision integral for a unspecified molecular interaction model. The particular case of a hard disks model is addressed yielding a T 1/2 dependence with the temperature which is consistent with the one obtained by J. V. Sengers [1] and widely used in the literature as the low density limit in the Enskog expansion. The corresponding value for bidimensional Maxwellian molecules is also obtained.


Explores the complex relationship humans have with the environment. It is one of both responsibility–including the sustainable or unsustainable management of natural resources–and emotion, like the elation gleaned from a beautiful landscape or the devastation experienced from a natural disaster.
 Human-induced damage to the environment has widespread consequences for Earth and its inhabitants that have already included sea level rise, increased wildlife extinctions, heatwaves, droughts, intensified air pollution, and water shortages.
 This book provides comprehensive coverage of the complex interactions between people and the environment. It presents three clear, honest, and down-to-earth essays that cover the devastating impact humans have on the environment; the equally devastating impact the environment has on humans at times; and the positive impact that increasing awareness of our effect on the planet is having on the movement to create a more sustainable future.
 In addition, in-depth entries on 60 key environmental geography terms, such as deforestation, ecotourism, and environmental justice, provide a deeper dive into the topic; 15 real-world case studies on topics like the Great Pacific Garbage Patch and the Great Green Wall of Africa illustrate geography in action; and 10 brief spotlights from around the world draw the reader in with relevant facts.


〈SUMMARY〉 We suppose the world where the offering price of an IPO is determined by investors' premarket demand. In stating the demand, however, investors cannot observe the market price and therefore have to bear more uncertainty in estimating the fundamental value. While this additional risk more or less depresses their pre-market demand, it disappears on the first day when the market price is observed. As a result, the positive initial return occurs on the average without information gap between investors.


An acylation method of 3,4-diaminofurazan was developed.Under the catalysts of p-Toluenesulfonic acid,3-amino-4-formylaminofurazan,3-amino-4-acetylaminofurazan,3-amino-4-propionylaminofurazan,3-amino-4-butylramino-furazan and 3-amino-4-benzoylaminofurazan were synthesized by acylation of 3,4-diaminofurazan with formic acid,acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and benzoic acid respectively.Also,3,4-diacetylaminofurazan and 3,4-dipropionylaminofurazan were synthesized by acylation of 3,4-diaminofurazan with acetic anhydride and propionic anhydride respectively.Compared with the traditional method which uses acyl halogen as reagent,our method reduced the reaction time and increased the yield and purify.The 3-amino-4-acylaminofurazan could be hydrolyzed to 3,4-diaminofurazan in ethanol with acid catalyst.


We propose the notion to define an architecture that realizes integrated notification between mobile devices and merchants. This architecture allows user to specify a wide variety of interest through various gateways. This is to aggregate data from numerous sources content and makes that type of interaction easy of use.


Recent cases about the constitutionality of compelled speech in the reproductive health care context contain an irony that is difficult to ignore. Whereas courts tend to be highly permissive when considering governmentally-mandated speech by physicians to patients seeking abortions, they have often been more skeptical of disclosure requirements imposed on crisis pregnancy centers (CPCs), which are nonmedical centers whose entire mission is to dissuade women from choosing abortion, and which have at least in some cases utilized deceptive techniques to accomplish that goal. In other words, it appears that non-physicians seeking to keep women from seeking a legal form of medical treatment have greater First Amendment protections than physicians who care directly for those women and who are generally entrusted by the state to exercise professional judgment.


The article discusses the introduction of interactive technologies into education of undergraduate students who are trained in the direction: "Applied Informatics in economics". Forms and methods of the organization of the occupations, based on use of network courses on platforms of distance learning, for the purpose of increase of interactivity of educational process are offered. The assumption that integration of interactive technologies into educational process allows to raise level of independence and informative activity of students when studying course "Information security" is made. As a result of research the main components of the mechanism of integration of interactive technologies in process of independent activity of students were defined.


Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) transmission / reception is being studied in LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) for further evolution of 3GPP LTE. Multi-site transmission along with coordinated scheduling will allow increased cell throughput and edge user data rate. It is foreseen that evolution of backhaul technology can accommodate increased backhaul requirements of CoMP in LTE-A deployment timeframe. In this paper, downlink CoMP schemes are discussed depending on backhaul capability and channel state information (CSI) / data availability in neighboring cells. Requirements on the feedback signal design to support different CoMP schemes are presented.


To examine density-dependent effects on growth in Cerastoderma edule (L.) (Bivalvia), growth rates of individual cockles established by chance at high and low densities on the same intertidal mudflat in two different years (1984 and 1989) were compared. Two-year-old cockles occurring at high densities (>2000 individuals m-2 in 1984) attained mean lengths from 16.1 to 18.8 mm on the lower shore at the end of their third growing season, while low-density cockles (<50 individuals m-2 in 1989) of the same age reached mean lengths in the range of26.5 to 30.3mm. In terms of individual weight the difference between cockles from the two periods was even more striking, as the flesh ash-free dry-weight of a cockle from 1984 constituted only 7% of that from a 1989 cockle. During both periods growth in cockles increased with the duration of tidal submersion, but the interannual growth differences exceeded by far the effect of differences in submersion time.


In this paper the authors describe a possible introduction of Meteorology into the new secondary education. A didactic approach, as well as examples of contents and activities, is proposed.


In this work, a method for fluorescent-quantum-efficiency determinations is presented. The method is based on the simultaneous measurement of photoacoustic and luminescent signals, after pulsed-laser excitation at different wavelengths. This method is applied to the case of Eu 2+ ions in KCl where a luminescent quantum efficiency of 100% is obtained


It is the purpose of this document to describe the proposed modifications to the cooling water treatment process used in reactor areas B, D, F, DR and H.


The dilation method is a practical way to experimentally simulate non-Hermitian, especially PT symmetric quantum systems. However, the time-dependent dilation problem cannot be explicitly solved in general. In this paper, we present a simple yet non-trivial exactly solvable dilation problem for two-dimensional time-dependent PT -symmetric Hamiltonians. Our system is initially set in the unbroken PT -symmetric phase, then goes across the so-called exceptional point, and ends in the broken PT -symmetric phase. For this system, the dilated Hamiltonian and the evolution of PT symmetric system are analytically worked out. By investigating the large time behaviors, we give an effective method to choose and adjust the dilation parameters. Our result also shows that the exceptional points do not have much physical relevance in a time-dependent system.


Recently it was shown by us that combined stimulation of hippocampus and dorsomedial hypothalamus resulted in suppression of the electroencephalographic seizure reactions and, respectively, manifestations of behavioral seizures reduced. It is expected, that augmentation of inhibitory processes in hippocampal neurons in the course of dorsomedial hypothalamus stimulation can trigger mechanisms preventing the development of epileptiform activity. Because of two important characteristics of the hippocampus—theta rhythm and epileptogenesis—these appear to be interrelated in respect of their cellular substrates, and as far as theta rhythm may modulate hippocampal excitability, a study of the functional relationship between theta rhythm and seizure activity was endeavored. The purpose of this study is to test this proposal by determining the effects on seizures of induction or suppression of hippocampal theta activity. Our findings show that: 1) against background of strong unusual sound stimulation (in our case-sound) blockade of local seizure reactions induced by hippocampal stimulation occurred; 2) the frequency of hippocampal interictal epileptiform dischargers increased with the transition from the awake state to drowsiness and a slow-wave sleep phase. After the animal came from slow-wave sleep to paradoxical sleep, epileptiform activity completely disappeared; 3) at threshold stimulation of hypothalamus when electrohippocampogram shows augmentation of the theta rhythm there is a significant reduction of seizure durations. When at hypothalamus stimulation instead of theta rhythm the electrical activity is desynchronized, there occurs a considerable intensification of seizure activity. Therefore, seizure-theta antagonism in our experiments could be interpreted as an adjustment of the inhibitory mechanisms when the theta rhythm is evoked.


Characteristics of stress reactions during surgical teaching procedures and recording of workrelated stress perception among resident physicians Background: Junior surgeons are exposed to high workloads inside and outside the operating theatre early in their careers. By using different measurement tools, it is possible to gain insight into the physiological and subjective stress levels of surgical residents. Aim and Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate differences in time-based stress parameters in two cardiothoracic surgery residents during surgical teaching procedures (n = 24) for aortocoronary bypasses with and without senior physician supervision by means of heart rate variability (HRV). In addition, subjective stress perception was recorded in relation to work-related behaviour and experience patterns (AVEM). Results: The time-related HRV parameters indicate higher psychological stress during the intraoperative phases without a senior physician (Mean HR: 96.1 vs. 89.4; Mean RR: 628.7 ms vs. 675.0 ms; RMSSD: 16.9 ms vs. 20.6 ms; NN50: 120.0 vs. 189.5). The stress index (14.37 vs. 12.27), PNS (–2.17 vs. –1.81), and SNS (2.90 vs. 2.08) values based on these data confirm this. Based on the results from the AVEM, the residents studied can be classified as risk types for a health-risk behaviour and experience pattern. Conclusions: The results illustrate the high psychological stress of assistant physicians and are further evidence of the high risk of burnout in the medical profession. The presence of senior physicians during operative activities seems to have a positive effect on the stress level of junior physicians. Keywords: residents – workloads – psychological stresses – heart rate variability – stress perception


Objective To observe the sedative effect of midazolam combining fentanyl in low dose in patients during percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods The patients with coronary heart disease(CHD,n=390) planed to have percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) were randomly divided into control group and observation group.The observation group was given midazolam(0.04 mg/kg) combining fentanyl(1 μg/kg) by venous injection and control group was given equivalent normal saline solution.The heart rate,mean arterial pressure(MAP),breathing rate(BR) and oxygen saturation(SpO2) were recorded before PCI,during PCI,at time of implanting stent,and at the moment of PCI end and 2 hours after PCI.The patients were given analgesic and sedative scoring after PCI,and anxiety scoring before and after PCI.Results The difference in BR had no statistical significance between two groups(P0.05).The value of SpO2 was over 96% in two groups during PCI.In observation group,MAP and heart rate were more stable during PCI than those in control group.The scores of sedation had significant and statistical difference between two groups after PCI(P0.01),but difference in analgesic effect had no significance(P0.05).The anxiety scores had no statistical difference between two groups before PCI(P0.05),and the difference in anxiety scores between two groups 2 hours after PCI,and the difference in observation group before PCI and 2 hours after PCI had statistical significance(P0.01).Conclusion Midazolam combining fentanyl in low dose has better sedative and anti-anxiety effects in patients with PCI,and can keep stable respiratory and hemodynamics.


The promise of optical information processing is a general purpose optical computer capable of programmable parallel operation on a large two-dimensional data field. The lack of high performance two-dimensional spatial light modulators (SLMs)(1), however, has hindered this development. Recently, systolic matrix architectures(2) have been suggested as a means of rapidly and efficiently processing two-dimensional data. The optical implementation of these architectures requires a high performance SLM with the property that data can be serially transferred without loss across the modulator. The multi-channel acousto-optic Bragg cell is an ideal SLM for realizing two-dimensional optical systolic parallel matrix processing.


This master thesis aimed to design a permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctancemachine (PMaSynRM) rotor for pump applications which were to be implemented inan existing Induction Machine stat ...


Background: Alendronate and teriparatide have been proved to benefit osteoporosis patients in some prospective studies. However, no data have been described about the clinical practice of these medications and their efficacy in Taiwanese people.Method: We reviewed the medical records of an outpatient clinic at National Taiwan University Hospital from 2008 to 2010, and collected data on the postmenopausal women diagnosed with osteoporosis or spinal compression fracture. Lumbar spinal bone mineral density (BMD) was recorded at baseline and at 6, 12, 18, 30, and 42 months after initiating therapy. We compared the patients' BMD before and after the treatment by paired t test. Mixed model for repeated BMD measurement was used to determine the effect of age, baseline BMD, and different medications on BMD.Results: Thirty-seven patients received alendronate and 25 received teriparatide. Mean T scores of BMD before treatment were -3.18 ± 0.57 and -3.30 ± 0.74 in the alendronate and teriparatide groups, respectively. After treatment, BMD increased significantly (alendronate group, p = 0.003; teriparatide group, p<0.001). The effects on BMD were comparable between the alendronate and teriparatide groups (p=0.74). Patients with higher baseline BMD responded to the medications significantly better than patients with lower baseline BMD. Adverse events were mild and few for both medications.Conclusions: Alendronate and teriparatide could increase lumbar spinal BMD in postmenopausal Taiwanese, with comparable efficacy between the two drugs. Patients with higher baseline BMD responded better to the medications.


GaInAsSb-GaSb quantum-well diode lasers emitting around 2.80 μm with a single device tuning range of 60 nm are presented. This was achieved by the implementation of binary superimposed metal gratings. The lasers work at room temperature in continuous-wave mode and show tunable single-mode emission with a sidemode suppression ratio of more than 30 dB. The optical output power of more than 1 mW makes them suitable for gas sensing.


A process of manufacturing a fertilizer from drainage sludge is provided to produce the fertilizer effective to derive normal growth of plants and crops, to activate repeated cultivation, to improve fertility of soil, and to sterilize harmful microorganisms by using active mineral liquid, blood meal, phyllite, olivine and microbial complex to treat the drainage sludge. The process includes the steps of: spraying 0.01-0.05wt.% of activated mineral liquid over collected drainage sludge while broadly spreading the drainage sludge on a conveyor belt and transporting the sludge; pouring 40-58wt.% of the treated sludge as well as 0.01-0.1wt.% of blood meal into an agitator and stirring the mixture; stirring again the mixture after introducing 10-28wt.% of calcium carbonate thereto when the drainage sludge is uniformly blended with the blood meal; and adding 0.1wt.% of the microbial complex, 10-28wt.% of phyllite, 10-28wt.% of olivine, 10-28wt.% of mica and/or peat to the mixture in order, stirring and fermenting the combination for 2-3 days by self-heating.


Remote monitoring in a continuous manner is a key component of ambulance transports for patients with severe diseases. The measurements of the patients, e.g. their heart rate, temperature, level of glucose and many more, should constantly be reported to the hospital with expert doctors to give instructions to people in ambulance so that the patient survives on the way to hospital where more instruments and expert doctors are available in hand. In rural areas, the coverage of communication services are not sufficient for transmission of such signals, so the available bandwidth should be used in an efficient manner, or severe irreparable damages can be caused for the patient. The available bandwidth can come from different sources like satellite communication, 2G/3G/4G communication from different carriers, or other wireless communications available for ambulances specifically. Given that the physiological states of a patient are of different priorities and that the different sources of communications have different bandwidths (and so different round trip time), an important issue is to schedule the right physiological state of the patient to the right communication channel, so that the cost incurred to the patient minimizes. In this paper, we investigate the performance of different scheduling algorithms on our system model, and propose an adaptive communication scheme for remote monitoring of critically ill patients who are receiving ambulance transport in rural areas with poor communication coverage to minimize the instantaneous incurred damage to these patients.


In its development, the embryo passes through a series of discrete steps, differing morphophysiological processes, functional load, duration, value for the further development of the plant. Principal stage of accelerated development of such biotechnology is identifying autonomy stage of embryo. Each of the stages of embryogenesis, despite all the diversity occurring at this time of processes aimed at the implementation of the morphogenetic potential of the embryo as well as the developmental program individuals in general. Systematic approach to differentiation of the embryo, taking into account the correlation of morphological and morphogenetic revealed a number of critical stages of embryogenesis of plants, during which rigid determination of the development of the embryo is being fixed. The purpose of the work consisted of the detection of the embryo autonomy stage in 10 hybrid combinations of spring soft wheat to the further elaboration to obtain drought-resistant samples. In the experimental conditions of embryo culture in vitro by using the hormone-free nutrition medium it was shown that the formed embryo (20 days after pollination, 2.1-2.2 mm of length) characterized by availability of all typical cereal embryo organs is in keeping with the stage of autonomy.


With the development of modern economy,the new concept core competence comes into being,as the further development of the traditional competition concept.As an integrating management system,it has an overall control power.A company should use full budgeting management to cultivate and enhance its core competence.


13 A four-year research project was ini tiated during the 2002 growing sea son to evaluate, on a regional scale, apple and peach pest management systems based on reduced-risk (RR) tactics that previous research and experience had indicated would be effective, sustainable, economically viable, and lead to enhanced biological control. The participating states were: Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia. The goal of this project was to design pest management systems that greatly reduced residues and worker exposure to organophosphorous (OP), carbamate, and pyrethroid insecticides. Using a uniform protocol across all states, side-by-side comparisons were made of RR and conventionally managed orchards (5to 10-acre plots) with 65 cooperating growers across seven states. Pesticide programs in conventional blocks were determined by individual growers or their consultants and relied extensively on OP insecticides; OPs accounted for 84% and 83% of insecticide active ingredient applied to apples and peaches, respectively. Pest management decisions in RR blocks were made by the PIs in each state, and relied on RR or OPreplacement insecticides and pheromonemediated mating disruption. Within each state, some apple RR blocks used handapplied pheromone ties (Isomate) for mating disruption of both codling moth (CM) and oriental fruit moth (OFM) (referred to as RR + PT) and others were managed with only RR insecticides and, in many instances, one or more sprayable OFM pheromone applications. All peach blocks relied on RR or OP-replacement Apple and peach pest management systems have traditionally been based on organophosphates, carbamate and pyrethroid insecticides. This project compared pest management systems based on reduced-risk tactics to greatly reduce residues and worker exposure to organophosphate, carbamate, and pyrethroid insecticides. By using sampling, monitoring-based spray decisions and reduced-risk materials, fruit damage from direct pests such as plum curculio, codling moth, oriental fruit moth, and apple maggot was as low as when organophosphates were used, and at a generally comparable per-acre cost when mating disruption is not used. Pest Management Efficacy and Economics in the New York Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program


are turned round and stood on their heads: his hospitality to Heracles is bad manners and unpardonable deceit, deplored by the Chorus in spite of the emphatic Syaucci (603) and by Heracles in spite of 855 ff. and 1147-8 (which is ambiguous only if TO AOITT6V be misunderstood), while his reluctant consent to shelter the unknown woman brought by Heracles is represented as a final ' unfaithfulness and moral defeat,' foreseen only too well by Alcestis and the Chorus earlier. Dr. v. L. speaks of a certain ambiguous quality in the play produced by the ' opposition between the realistic and mythical conceptions which are closely interwoven in the presentation of its characters ' ; substitute ' story ' for ' characters ' and I would cordially agree, but the change makes a deal of difference. In denying that the drama is ' satyric ' or ' comic' (cf. the Hypothesis) he is surely right. The ' metrical analysis' does not go beyond the attachment of a separate label to each line, in many cases, such as ' reizianum ' for 114,' glyconic with dactylic base ' for 244,' iamb. dim. with Doppelsenkungen ' for 224, obscuring rather than illuminating the phenomena. The English, apart from one or two slips, is excellent. For ' Herakles ' p. 7 read ' Death,' and for ' Parmentier' passim, ' M^ridier.' A. M. DALE.