This article has three aims. First, it seeks to advertise the existence and establish the provenance of a previously unlisted manuscript of the Latin prose Brut chronicle, which may be added to the nineteen recently catalogued by Lister Matheson.1 This manuscript, Cambridge, Trinity College, MS R.7.13, fols 1^sup r^-50^sup v^ (hereafter T), is the second to come to light in which the Brut is continued from 1437 to 1456 with material concerning the Benedictine abbey of Sherborne in Dorset. In content it is essentially identical to the other manuscript with a Sherborne continuation, British Library, MS Harley 3906 (hereafter H), variations consisting of a few words at most.2 It will be shown that T was copied from H, and that both have a Sherborne provenance. Secondly, a brief review of the contents of T, and by extension H, and an indication of the sources used in their compilation, will be provided as a contribution to the classification of Latin Brut manuscripts generally. The character of the Latin Brut has never been adequately defined,3 and the material presented here is intended to shed light on the problem in so far as the two manuscripts with a Sherborne continuation are relevant to it.4 Thirdly, a brief discussion of the relationship between T and H, an issue that naturally arises given their similarity, will be included, both for its bibliographical interest and for what it reveals about ownership of the Latin Brut in a medium-sized Benedictine house during the later fifteenth century.5 Charles Kingsford thought the Sherborne appendix to H, in common with other localized continuations of the Latin Brut, unique, 'written with no other object than to bring the particular copy ... a little more up to date'.6 That there were multiple copies is further evidence of the interest that Sherborne's monks had in the history of their institution, and its place in a broader historical spectrum. This historical awareness is also manifest in other surviving late-medieval manuscripts from the monastery, and in the vault paintings of the now-destroyed chapter house, which John Leland tells us represented bishops of Sherborne.7 The short continuations of T and H are, however, the only surviving examples of domestic historiography proper produced at the monastery.T was noted a century ago by M. R. James in his catalogue of Trinity's manuscripts.8 He listed it as 'Chronicon' but did not describe it, and this, along with its unusual (for a Brut) opening ('Adam pater generis humani genuit Seth qui genuit Enos ...'), may explain why it has been overlooked. Following T is a copy of the second recension of William of Malmesbury's Gesta pontificum (fols 58^sup r^-186^sup r^), of which the fifth book is omitted for want of space.9 Although the Gesta pontificum was completed in a post-medieval hand, its first two books are by the scribe of T. The deliberate (and unique) combination of these texts is also a declaration of their difference; R.7.13 was, like other manuscripts containing the Latin Brut (Lambeth Palace, MS 99, for example), planned as a historical compendium incorporating the essentials of both secular and religious history. On the recto of the fourth flyleaf is the beginning of what may have been intended as another Latin Brut (it contains part of an abridgement of the Albina prologue) written in a different but broadly contemporary hand.10 This is not continued on the verso, however, and thus it cannot be regarded as a further, fragmentary Brut manuscript.11 On the fifth flyleaf are two post-medieval notes, the first describing the Brut as 'Epitome Chronicae Angliae', the second identifying it as the work of John de Taxter (a thirteenth-century monastic historian of Bury St Edmunds), the latter an error corrected by a subsequent reader. Although T was copied from [Hamiltonian (script capital H)], it seems unlikely to have been written long after 1456, for it breaks off at the same point (with the appearance of Halley's Comet) despite the provision of four blank leaves for further updating of the text. …


Scanning electron microscopy and magnetic force microscopy were used to conduct the metallographic study of the surface microstructure of KS25 grade Co–25%Sm sintered rare-earth magnets after Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM). The chemical composition of the studied samples: Sm – 25 wt.%; Fe – 18 wt.%; Cu – 5 wt.%; Zr – 3 wt.%; Co – the rest. One of the sample surfaces was subjected to EDM in various ways with changes in such EDM parameters as the straight-line processing speed and offset. The microstructure of magnets contains four coexisting phases: SmCo5, Sm2Co17, Zr5Co3FeSm and Sm2O3. The grain size is 10–50 μm. Crystals of the Zr5Co3FeSm intermetallic compound are 1–5 μm in size, and globular inclusions of Sm2O3 samarium oxide are 2–10 μm. EDM affected the thickness and chemical composition of the defective layer. In general, the chemical composition varies slightly in the direction from the defective layer inward the sample: the content of Sm, Cu, O, and Zr decreases; the content of Fe and Co increases. At a distance of 500 μm from the defective layer inwards the sample, the grain size increases by 40–50 %, while the porosity decreases. At the same time, the size of Sm2O3 oxides slightly increases. The study of the magnetic structure on surfaces perpendicular to the axis of magnetization by means of magnetic force microscopy revealed the presence of a complex domain structure of grains in the form of a labyrinth with a domain size of ~3÷5 μm. Separate singledomain grains ~30÷50 μm in size were also found. Due to the material heating and oxidation, EDM promotes the domain structure of grains appearing in the form of a labyrinth instead of single-domain grains, and the SmCo5 → Sm2Co17 phase transition, which causes a decrease in coercive force.


The present invention in a circumferential intramural of the preform, which to create the injection molding apparatus and injection molding method for laminating a predetermined colored layer of a layer thickness in high accuracy Presence layer in a predetermined range to problems, solving this problem and the injection in order configuration of the forming apparatus is resident resin and joining the second resin to parts of the nozzle that forms the joining can delay, from the outside, oeyu resident resin to flow to, and the path in which the second resin to flow placing the, by the confluence of these oeyu in my presence resin from the flow passage and the cylinder are two resins are joined shape and, also, with a first joining portion a predetermined interval in a joining of a oeyu, joining of the path and disposed in the second joining portion downstream of the furnace, slidably joined to the insert disposed a shut-off pin in a cylindrical shape, and by the sliding position of the shut-off pin, a first joining portion or a second It is to say a structure ryubu, or the ability to block or open the both exerted.


To enhance robotic computational efficiency without degenerating accuracy, it is imperative to fit the right and exact amount of information in its simplest form to the investigated task. This thesis conforms to this reasoning in environment model building and robot localization. It puts forth an approach towards building maps and localizing a mobile robot efficiently with respect to unknown, unstructured and moderately dynamic environments. For this, the environment is modeled on an information-theoretic basis, more specifically in terms of its transmission property. Subsequently, the presented environment model, which does not specifically adhere to classical geometric modeling, succeeds in solving the environment disambiguation effectively.
The proposed solution lays out a two-level hierarchical structure for localization. The structure makes use of extracted features, which are stored in two different resolutions in a single hybrid feature-map. This enables dual coarse-topological and fine-geometric localization modalities.
The first level in the hierarchy describes the environment topologically, where a defined set of places is described by a probabilistic feature representation. A conditional entropy-based criterion is proposed to quantify the transinformation between the feature and the place domains. This criterion provides a double benefit of pruning the large dimensional feature space, and at the same time selecting the best discriminative features that overcome environment aliasing problems. Features with the highest transinformation are filtered and compressed to form a coarse resolution feature-map (codebook). Localization at this level is conducted through place matching.
In the second level of the hierarchy, the map is viewed in high-resolution, as consisting of non-compressed entropy-processed features. These features are additionally tagged with their position information. Given the identified topological place provided by the first level, fine localization corresponding to the second level is executed using feature triangulation. To enhance the triangulation accuracy, redundant features are used and two metric evaluating criteria are employ-ed; one for dynamic features and mismatches detection, and another for feature selection.
The proposed approach and methods have been tested in realistic indoor environments using a vision sensor and the Scale Invariant Feature Transform local feature extraction. Through experiments, it is demonstrated that an information-theoretic modeling approach is highly efficient in attaining combined accuracy and computational efficiency performances for localization. It has also been proven that the approach is capable of modeling environments with a high degree of unstructuredness, perceptual aliasing, and dynamic variations (illumination conditions; scene dynamics). The merit of employing this modeling type is that environment features are evaluated quantitatively, while at the same time qualitative conclusions are generated about feature selection and performance in a robot localization task. In this way, the accuracy of localization can be adapted in accordance with the available resources.
The experimental results also show that the hybrid topological-metric map provides sufficient information to localize a mobile robot on two scales, independent of the robot motion model. The codebook exhibits fast and accurate topological localization at significant compression ratios. The hierarchical localization framework demonstrates robustness and optimized space and time complexities. This, in turn, provides scalability to large environments application and real-time employment adequacies.


With modern day medicine & its commercialization, one of the price the society has to pay is in terms of weakening of the doctor-patient relation trust. It results from unfavourable treatment result, increasing patient awareness & patients' tendency to blame the doctors for their sufferings, & sometimes mere negligence itself, on the doctor's part. Hence there is increasing trend of medical/dental litigation by unsatisfied patients. This has made the Indian Supreme Court to lay down guidelines for the criminal prosecution of the doctors, in cases where gross negligence has occurred. Hence, it is important both for the doctors as well as the patients to know this laid down protocol, which has been elaborated in this review article. Thus the aim of this review article is to present the protocol to be followed for criminal proceeding against the medical/dental professionals in cases of gross negligence.


V-634; The name ACUTE BOVINE PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA
(abbreviated ABPE in this circular)
describes a severe disease affecting the lungs of
cattle.


The emergence of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) solves the problems of vanishing gradient and exploding gradient in traditional Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). LSTM, as a new type of RNN, has been widely used in various fields, such as text prediction, Wind Speed Forecast, depression prediction by EEG signals, etc. The results show that improving the efficiency of LSTM can help to improve the efficiency in other application areas. In this paper, we proposed an advanced LSTM algorithm, the Extreme Long Short-Term Memory (E-LSTM), which adds the inverse matrix part of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) as a new"gate"into the structure of LSTM. This"gate"preprocess a portion of the data and involves the processed data in the cell update of the LSTM to obtain more accurate data with fewer training rounds, thus reducing the overall training time. In this research, the E-LSTM model is used for the text prediction task. Experimental results showed that the E-LSTM sometimes takes longer to perform a single training round, but when tested on a small data set, the new E-LSTM requires only 2 epochs to obtain the results of the 7th epoch traditional LSTM. Therefore, the E-LSTM retains the high accuracy of the traditional LSTM, whilst also improving the training speed and the overall efficiency of the LSTM.


The literature pertaining to the nutrition of cestodes, including attempts to cultivate the organisms .!.!'!.vitro, is re1 1 viewed. On the basis of findings to date few definite conclusions can be made concerning either the specific food requirements of tapeworms or the functions the host's tissues play in fulfilling these needs. Because of the worms' largely anaerobic environment, glucose is considered to be the most probable energy source for cestode~ because its lower respiratory quotient makes possible a more efficient utilization of oxygen than would be the case for either proteins or fats. All workers are of the opinion that fats and fatty substances present within cestodes are waste products of the organisms' metabolism rather than evidence of assimilated food materials. Protein in some form is undoubtedly necessary for cestode growth and reproduction. While the source from which tape worms absorb these nitrogenous compounds has not been established, the host's tissues rather than the host's diet would seem to supply the necessary factors. Vitamin G, when absent from the diet of the female host, exerts an inhibitory effect on the establishment, growth, and reproductive capacity of Hymenolepis diminuta, but otherwis 47.


Already in the 1930ies psychologists mentioned the tendency of people to see the self as the center of social judgment. This leads to egocentrically biased judgments when assessing others behavior. Since the first demonstration of this social projection bias in a study 1977 by Ross, Greene, and House a lot of studies followed. They show the effect in different contexts and the false consensus effect became a widely accepted phenomenon. In this paper we analyze the false consensus effect in a financial context. We use simple lottery questions and ask subjects to state certainty equivalents for the own person and also to predict the average certainty equivalents of other subjects. We find a strong correlation between the own judgment and the prediction of others'. The bias is stronger in situations with ambiguity. We also asked participants to give an interval, i.e. a lower bound that they think will not be gone below by more than 5 % of the participants and also an upper bound which is not exceeded by more than 5 %. We find that people strongly underestimate the variation in others' risky choices.


This exceptional Biwat painting, photographied in its totality by Margaret Mead in 1932, was bought in 1935 at Rabaul, a thousand kilometers from its place of origin, by members of the Korrigane expedition. Three quarters of the original painting were kept for fifty years at the Musee de l'Homme while one-quarter became part of the private collection. The Korrigane show (2001-03) at the Musee de l'Homme was the occasion to put together all four parts of the painting and to restore this rare exemple of the artistic heritage of the Biwat people. This painting will be exhibited in Paris in the new Musee du Quai Branly.


A specially configured 16.6 foot (5.1 meter) Disc Gap Band (DGB) Spin Parachute has been designed, developed, integrated with a sounding rocket, and qualified by flight testing. Design requirements include (1) stable parachute should successfully deploy in the altitude region of 260,000 feet (80 kilometers) from a Super Arcas launch vehicle; (2) after deployment, parachute and payload spin rate should be greater than three rpm; (3) four electric field sensors should be mounted on parachute shroud lines and have provisions to be electrically connected to the suspended payload; and (4) time above 100,000 feet (30 kilometers) should exceed five minutes. The successful meeting of these requirements provided the first known high-altitude deployment of a Spin Parachute.


At the advent of global financial crisis conventional monetary policy has failed to regulate the money market and the consequence of which was seen in the global financial and capital market. This paper takes an attempt to give a brief outline of how Islamic monetary policy can be a sustainable alternative to the conventional. In order to understand Islamic monetary policy better we went back to early Islamic period and discussed how money was evolved and monetary policy was performed at that time. Reemergence of Islamic economic system in the latter half of the last century encouraged scholars in this field to have a fresh look at this issue. Comparative analysis shows that Islamic monetary policy can adopt many conventional instruments which are in line with the Shariah guidance such as: Legal Reserve Ratio, Credit Rationing, Selective credit control, Issue of directive, and Moral suasion etc. As interest rate, the key tool of conventional monetary policy regulation, is prohibited in Islamic economic system, the need for sustainable alternative is the order of the day. Unfortunately, Islamic banks and financial institutions set their benchmark based on London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) which raises doubt and controversy of the uniqueness of Islamic finance. Literature shows that this a growing field of knowledge and many theoretical works have been conducted in this area but little empirical work, moreover, very few on alternative benchmark for Islamic economic system. By analyzing literature we propose in our study that GDP growth rate adjusted for inflation can be set as a benchmark for money market instrument and reference for financial and capital market as we argue GDP growth rates reflect real balanced growth potential of an economy as it is correlated with national income, savings, inflation, exchange rate and investment compare to real interest rate, which is fixed in the money market and does not take into account the real sector.


Summary. Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology is characterized by accumulation of "senile" plaques (SPs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in vulnerable brain regions. SPs are principally composed of aggregates of up to 42/43 amino acid s-amyloid (As) peptides. The discovery of familial AD (FAD) mutations in the genes for the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilins (PSs), all of which increase As42 production, support the view that As is centrally involved in the pathogenesis of AD. As42 aggregates readily, and is thought to seed the formation of fibrils, which then act as templates for plaque formation. As is generated by the sequential intracellular cleavage of APP by ssecretase to generate the N-terminal end of As, and intramembranous cleavage by γ-secretase to generate the C-terminal end. Cell biological studies have demonstrated that As is generated in the ER, Golgi, and endosomal/lysosomal system. A central question involving the role of As in AD concerns how As causes disease and whether it is extracellular As deposition and/or intracellular As accumulation that initiates the disease process. The most prevalent view is that SPs are composed of extracellular deposits of secreted As and that As causes toxicity to surrounding neurons as extracellular SP. The recent emphasis on the intracellular biology of APP and As has led some investigators to consider the possibility that intraneuronal As may directly cause toxicity. In this review we will outline current knowledge of the localization of both intracellular and extracellular As.


This paper proposes a coordinate control scheme for the single VSC tieddoubly-fed induction generator (DFIG). In this control scheme, both the gridpower and battery SoC (State of Charge) are maintained to provide an un-interrupted power supply. During the continuous operation of DFIG in thesub synchronous region, there is scope for complete battery discharge. Henceto overcome this drawback, the coordinated control scheme maintains thebattery SoC level within the limits. If the SoC falls below the specified lowerlimit, then the proposed scheme curtails the grid power. Instead of dischargingthe battery, the control shifts the battery to charging mode until the safelimit of SoC is attained. During the continuous operation of DFIG in thesuper synchronous region, if the SoC reaches its upper limit, the proposedscheme discharges the extra power to the dump load. Further, this controlscheme also introduces the low voltage ride through (LVRT) aspect accordingto IEGC (Indian electricity grid code) of 15% of nominal voltage and also an enhanced rotor position computation is implemented for the effectiveestimation of rotor position for single VSC tied DFIG. This control makesthe topology more robust and improves the reliability of the system. Theproposed scheme is validated for a test system of 3.7 kW Wound RotorInduction Machine based DG unit and investigations are done in MATLABsimulation.


Risk aversion implied in the market prices of different  financial assets in Argentina The article aims to determine the degree of risk aversion that is implicit in the market price of the US dollar, the Argentine monetary policy rate and the leading actions of the S&P Merval index. Methodologically, we apply the concept of certainty equivalent, modeling the behavior against risk of the agents based on the utility function with constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) and the function of three flexible parameters (FTP). The results show that the implicit risk aversion coefficient takes values between 0.50 and 0.89 under the assumption of CRRA, while it fluctuates between 0.4622 and 1.1038 when FTP is assumed. The limitations of the paper include the extension of the time series and utility functions chosen. The originality of the study lies in the proposed methodology, the types of assets considered, the comparative use of two utility functions and their application in an emerging market. As a main conclusion, a risk aversion behavior with both functions is identified, which varies from moderate to very high depending on which one is used.


The main purpose of this study is to analysis the impact of marketing culture aspects of healthcare on marketing creativity. The research was conducted at healthcare sectors in Kurdistan region of Iraq. The researchers employed quantitative research method via using a survey to measure the current study. However, the researchers were able to gather 161 completed questionnaires. The researchers applied hierarchal multiple regression analysis and Sobel test to measure the current study; the findings revealed. The findings proved that there is a positive and significant direct and indirect relationship between cultural value and cultural satisfaction as marketing culture aspects and marketing creativity, moreover cultural experience has a positive and significant mediating role between Cultural value as marketing culture aspect and marketing experience. However, a key element in improving patient-endorsed healthcare systems is an emphasis on cost savings and increased quality, as well as differentiated industry. This are achievable with the acquisition of new technology and well-trained and driven workers who can use their expertise for the good of society in a way that carves out a distinct market that rivals can seldom replicate or copy at a high cost.


Exploring the characterization laws of image data and improving the efficiency of image data characterization knowledge is essential to promote the development of the Internet of Things technology. Considering that images in the real world usually contain multiple objects, and the objects are closely dependent. For these reasons, it brings great challenges to the robust representation learning of multilabel images. In general, researchers model the relationship between objects based on a class activation map and use graph convolution to mine the dependencies between objects. However, graph structure data often contain noise, which means that the edges between nodes are sometimes not so reliable, and the relative importance of neighbors is also different. Based on this, our goal is to reduce noisy connections and false connections between objects, eliminate multilabel image representation bias, and learn robust representations. Therefore, we propose a robust representation learning method for multilabel images driven by graph attention network (RRL-GAT). Specifically, to reduce the accidental false connection of objects in the image, we propose the class attention graph convolution module (C-GAT) to mine the strong association structure between categories. Besides, for the dynamic correlation between objects in the image, we propose an adaptive graph attention convolution module (A-GAT) to capture the subtle dynamic dependencies in the image. The results on two authoritative data sets show that our method is significantly better than all current state-of-the-art methods. Besides, the visualization results show that RRL-GAT can capture the semantic relationship of a specific input image and has sufficient recognizability.


A wideband speech coder in accordance with one embodiment includes a low band encoder and highband encoder. Lowband encoder, the low band portion of the wideband speech signal, and a filter parameter, and is configured to encode a set of the encoded excitation signal. Highband encoder is configured to calculate values for the encoding parameter for specifying a spectral envelope and temporal envelope of the highband portion of a wideband speech signal. Temporary envelope is based on the highband excitation signal derived from the encoded excitation signal. In one such example, the temporary envelope is based on the level difference between the high band portion, the synthesized highband signal. Here, the synthesized highband signal includes a highband excitation signal is generated in accordance with a set of highband filter parameters. .The 10


ABSTRACT This paper draws on the recent Science and Technology Scholarship to criticise the dominant understanding of the role of science on which most of the existing transnational regulation is based. In particular, it employs the concept of epistemic subsidiarity suggested by Sheila Jasanoff to the science-based regulation in the EU to explain why the formal authority of the genetically modified organisms regulators is crumbling, while some transnational regimes with no formal legal foundation flourish. It argues that to build their own authority, transnational regimes must not dismiss local concerns as 'unscientific' and 'political', but should themselves seek to take these concerns into account. This paper explores several ways in which this might be done in a multilevel system and concludes that instead of seeking to circumscribe the domains, we should strive to make their boundaries more porous.


: Deep submicron CMOS circuits are currently confronting a significant technological issue with power consumption. Because of the high transistor density, low voltage, and thinner oxide layer, leakage power considerably and quickly rises as process technology becomes more advanced. Sub-threshold leakage current increases in CMOS devices as channel length is scaled down. In this paper, three low-power architectures—LECTOR, GALEOR, and DRAIN GATING— are contrasted. This paper aims to give a thorough analysis and comparison of the above mentioned leakage power reduction techniques that have been used. The power consumption and propagation delay of the fundamental CMOS NAND gates using the low power techniques are compared. With no or little change in the critical route delay of the circuits as a whole, significant power savings are accomplished. A performance analysis is done on a D flip-flop that is made using the above mentioned low power techniques. It is found that LECTOR based low power technique is the most efficient architecture. A frequency divider circuit is built using the most efficient D-flip flop, which can split frequencies by 2, 4, and 8. Cadence Virtuoso is used for the design and analysis using 45nm technology. comparison of three low power techniques – LECTOR, GALEOR and DRAIN GATING The power and propagation delay of simple CMOS NAND gates using low power techniques are compared. Performance investigation is carried on a d flip-flop built using the aforementioned low power techniques. The most efficient architecture is found to be LECTOR-based low power strategy. A frequency divider circuit can split frequencies by 2, 4, and 8 is built using the best D-flip flop.


Time is one of the most important and critical parameters in a distributed control and measurement system. It is especially crucial when we need to interpret correlation of different archived process variables (PV) during the time. Advanced Light Source (APS) and Swiss Light Source (SLS) are using a very similar control system toolkit (EPICS) [1] and the same mechanism for timekeeping. Many input/output controllers (IOC) around the accelerator complex (including beamlines), run under a real-time operating system, and carry out the controls and data acquisition. Each IOC is responsible of keeping its own local time and time-stamps the local PV's but tightly synchronized with a central timing IOC. Dedicated timing hardware and network makes it possible to maintain synchronous timestamps with real-time clock. In this paper we describe the principle of this mechanism, its advantages, our experiences and further improvements.


The Dummy Rounds Side-Channel Attacks countermeasure scheme for digital design has been proposed in earlier work. Its experimental evaluation and analysis revealed weaknesses that resulted in the proposal of an enhanced Dummy Rounds scheme. In this paper, we present the implementation of the proposed enhancement of Dummy Rounds scheme in PRESENT cipher and provide its experimental evaluation using Welch's t-test. We further propose several novel modifications of Dummy Rounds scheme as a solution to other security problems we have encountered. Novel Dummy Rounds scheme, namely its modifications proposed in this paper, are superior to earlier proposed schemes in terms of side-channel leakage prevention.


BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Trauma can lead to widespread vascular endothelial dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Strong inward-rectifier potassium channels (Kir2.1) play a critical role in the dynamic regulation of regional perfusion and blood flow. Kir2.1 channel activity is modulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), a minor membrane phospholipid that is degraded by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in conditions of oxidative stress or severe inflammation. We hypothesized that PLA2–induced depletion of PIP2 impairs Kir2.1 channel function. METHODS A fluid percussion injury model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats was used to study mesenteric resistance arteries 24 hours after injury. Patch-clamp electrophysiology in freshly isolated endothelial and smooth muscle cells was performed to monitor Kir2.1 conductance, and the functional responses of intact arteries were assessed using pressure myography. We analyzed circulating PLA2, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and metabolites to identify alterations in signaling pathways associated with PIP2 in TBI. RESULTS Electrophysiology analysis of endothelial and smooth muscle cells revealed a significant reduction of Ba2+-sensitive Kir2.1 currents after TBI. Additionally, dilations to elevated extracellular potassium and BaCl2- or ML 133-induced constrictions in pressurized arteries were significantly decreased following TBI, consistent with an impairment of Kir2.1 channel function. The addition of a PIP2 analog to the patch pipette successfully rescued endothelial Kir2.1 currents after TBI. Both H2O2 and PLA2 activity were increased after injury. Metabolomics analysis demonstrated altered lipid metabolism signaling pathways, including increased arachidonic acid, and fatty acid mobilization after TBI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a model in which increased H2O2-induced PLA2 activity after trauma hydrolyzes endothelial PIP2, resulting in impaired Kir2.1 channel function.


A three-dimensional (3-D)high-voltage flat-panel display scan driver composed of high-voltage offset-gate SOI output circuits merged with low-voltage bulk CMOS control-units has successfully been fabricated by using a CW-Ar laser recrystallization technology. The SOI high-voltage circuits are operated as a power-supply voltage of 60 ∼ 180V with an output current of more than 100mA for a channel length of 10µm and offset length of 20µm. With this technology, a monolithic integration of high-voltage output circuits and well-established low-voltage bulk VLSI can easily be realized.


The conserved Hippo pathway regulates organ size, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis. Interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein 2 (IRF2BP2) was originally identified as a transcriptional corepressor. However, the association between IRF2BP2 and the Hippo pathway remains largely unknown. In addition, the biological function and regulation mechanism of IRF2BP2 in liver cancer are poorly understood.


High adjuvant reactogenicity is the main limitation for increasing the effectiveness of vaccine therapy. The aim was to reduce the immunotoxicity effects of complete Freunds adjuvant (CFA) in warm-blooded animals. Materials and methods. The study examined Wistar rats by dividing animals into negative control (solvents); positive control (single subcutaneous CFA injection of 0.1 ml/200 g body weight (b.w.)); the minimum and maximum (per os administration of 1:4 citric and succinic acids in ratio of 17 and 88 mg/kg b.w. during 4 weeks after immunization of CFA) experiment. Body weight, hematological (complete blood count) and biochemical (hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, catalase activity, mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity) parameters were dynamically investigated. At the end of the experiment, necropsy was performed and the relative internal organ mass coefficients were calculated. The spleen and connective tissue (knee joint) were examined histologically. The median, C25C75 quartiles, MannWhitney U-test were calculated. Results and discussion. it was found that parameters examined were within normal range in animals of negative control group. Immunization of warm-blooded animals with CFA was accompanied by transition of acute-to- chronic inflammatory reaction (week 3 and week 7, respectively). The total leukocyte count increased from 12.5 109 (negative control) up to 26.6 109/L (P = 0.01) on week 3 followed by its decline down to 19.2 109/L (P = 0.01) by week 7. Platelet count also increased significantly: from 506 109 (negative control) up to 656 109/L (P = 0.01, week 3) followed by decrease down to 610 109/L by week 7 (P = 0.01). Activation of lipid peroxidation was manifested by malondialdehyde (MDA) level elevated by 55.861.8% (P = 0.01); the general CFA-related toxic effect resulted in 11.7% weight loss (P = 0.01), spleen swelling and thymus reduction. Administration of antioxidant acids led to a dose-dependent decline in inflammation (leukocyte count at the minimum dosage 19.6 10920.9 109/L; at the maximum 16.6 10916.0 109/L), as well as normalized the platelet/leukocyte index up to 29.536.3 (positive control 24.6, negative control 40.5). The acid-related protective effect was also manifested as maintained body weight, activated catalase and inhibited lipid peroxidation. The therapeutic effect in alleviated degenerative changes in the spleen and connective tissue were revealed: reduced hemorrhagic focuses and swelling as well as preserved histoarchitectonics. Conclusion. The use of citric and succinic acids contributes to profoundly lowered CFA toxicity due to increased total antioxidant status, inhibited lipid peroxidation, improved mitochondrial metabolic activity, which ultimately lead to a decline in general systemic inflammation and allows to recommend such acids as immunoprotectors from oil adjuvant-coupled effects.


Background Greater cerebral metabolic suppression may increase the brain's tolerance to ischemia. Previous studies examining the magnitude of metabolic suppression afforded by profound hypothermia suggest that the greater arterial carbon dioxide tension of pH-stat management may increase metabolic suppression when compared with alpha-stat management. Methods New Zealand White rabbits, anesthetized with fentanyl and diazepam, were maintained during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) at a brain temperature of 17 degrees Celsius with alpha-stat (group A, n = 9) or pH-stat (group B, n = 9) management. Measurements of brain temperature, systemic hemodynamics, arterial and cerebral venous blood gases and oxygen content, cerebral blood flow (CBF) (radiolabeled microspheres), and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) (Fick) were made in each animal at 65 and 95 min of CPB. To control for arterial pressure and CBF differences between techniques, additional rabbits underwent CPB at 17 degrees Celsius. In group C (alpha-stat, n = 8), arterial pressure was decreased with nitroglycerin to values observed with pH-stat management. In group D (pH-stat, n = 8), arterial pressure was increased with angiotensin II to values observed with alpha-stat management. In groups C and D, CBF and CMRO2 were determined before (65 min of CPB) and after (95 min of CPB) arterial pressure manipulation. Results In groups A (alpha-stat) and B (pH-stat), arterial pressure; hemispheric CBF (44 plus/minus 17 vs. 21 plus/minus 4 ml *symbol* 100 g sup -1 *symbol* min sup -1 [median plus/minus quartile deviation]; P = 0.017); and CMRO2 (0.54 plus/minus 0.13 vs. 0.32 plus/minus 0.10 ml Oxygen2 *symbol* 100 g sup -1 *symbol* min sup -1; P = 0.0015) were greater in alpha-stat than in pH-stat animals, respectively. As a result of arterial pressure manipulation, in groups C (alpha-stat) and D (pH-stat) neither arterial pressure (75 plus/minus 2 vs. 78 plus/minus 2 mm Hg) nor hemispheric CBF (40 plus/minus 10 vs. 48 plus/minus 6 ml *symbol* 100 g sup -1 *symbol* min sup -1; P = 0.21) differed between alpha-stat and pH-stat management, respectively. Nevertheless, CMRO2 was greater in alpha-stat than in pH-stat animals (0.71 plus/minus 0.10 vs. 0.45 plus/minus 0.10 ml Oxygen2 *symbol* 100 g sup -1 *symbol* min sup -1, respectively; P = 0.002). Conclusions At 17 degrees Celsius, CMRO2, with pH-stat management is 35-40% less than that with alpha-stat management and is independent of CBF or arterial pressure differences between the techniques.


Abstract. We study an independently tunable Fano resonance from quasibound state in the continuum and polarization-independent toroidal dipole resonance in hybrid graphene–dielectric metasurface consisting of a nanoring and a cross-shaped nanobar. The unique structural properties of the proposed metasurface can support directional toroidal dipole mode, where the asymmetric magnetic field enhancement can be dynamically switched on and off while maintaining polarization-independent Fano spectral response. Through reducing or increasing inner radius of nanoring, an additional quasi-BIC dominated by magnetic dipole moment can be excited and independently tuned by altering the polarization direction of the incident wave. In addition, the quasi-BIC can be effectively modulated via adjusting the Fermi energy and layer numbers of the graphene. Our results can be of practical interest for a variety of applications including optical modulator, filter, switches, and light trapping.


Background
Since the introduction of this stent, anticoagulant regimens have changed from an aggressive protocol (aspirin, heparin, and warfarin) to a simplifed regimen (aspirin and ticlopidine). In this study our experience with this stent is reviewed, and acute and chronic outcomes with the two anticoagulant protocols are compared. All patients undergoing ACS Multilink stent implantation between July 1993 and June 1996 were included. The clinical and angiographic characteristics were documented and outcomes recorded. The two anticoagulant groups were compared: 103 patients (94 males, age range 41–80 years, mean 59) received 124 stents: 68% had Canadian Cardiac Society (CCS) grade III or IV angina prior to the procedure; and 73% underwent bail-out stenting. High pressure inflations (> 14 a) were used in 40% of cases. Eighty-four (85%) received aspirin and ticlopidine only. The initial success rate was 99%. Two patients underwent emergency surgery. There were no deaths and no cases of subacute stent thrombosis. Clinical follow-up is available on 66 patients (mean 190 days). Of these, 56 patients (54%) are in CCS grade 0 or 1. One patient has required surgical revascularization. There is one case of documented restenosis within the stented segment.


We fabricated an organic light emitting diode (OLED) with MoO3 inserting in m-MTDATA/NPB interface as hole injection buffer layer,incorporating an n-doping transport layer which comprises 8-hydroxy-quinolinato lithium (Liq) doped into 4,7-diphyenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen) aseolectron injection layer(ETL) By comparing the J-V curves of only devices,the doping rate was set as w(Bphen)∶w(Liq)=65∶35. The device performance was enhanced significantly after using Liq and MoO3. However,the performance was saturated when the thickness was over 1nm. In order to find the reason for improvement in performance,hole-only and electron-only devices were fabricated. It's the use of MoO3 and n-doping in ETL that facilitated the hole injection and electron injection and transport respectively,reached effective carrier balance in emission zone and improved the device luminance efficiency greatly. The cur-rent efficiency,power efficiency and luminance of the devices were improved by about 62%,about 98% and about 60%,with the voltage reduced by about 28%.


Objective To study the value of ultrasonography in preoperative predicting whether or not lymph node and greater omentum produce metastasis for patients of gynecologic malignant tumors.Methods Forty five patients with greater omentum and lymph node of para aorta,iliaca communis,iliaca interna,iliaca externa and obturatoria were observed by 2 D US and CDFI.Results About the prediction of greater omentum and lymph node metastasis,their accuracies were 88.9% and 88.9% ,sensitivities were 80.0% and 82.4% ,specificities were 96.0% and 92.9% ,negative prediction rates were 85.7% and 89.7% ,positive prediction rates were 94.1% and 87.5% ,respectively.In the patients with greater omentum and lymph node metastasis blood flow inside tumors was richer than those without metastasis of greater omentum and lymph node (P0.01).In the patients involved with greater omentum metastasis RI values less than 0.50 were 65.0% ,and those without involvement were 12.0% (P 0.01 ).Conclusions It provides an effective method for predicting whether there are lymph node and greater omentum metas tasis in gynecologic malignant tumor and for the stage division and the choice of its clinical treatment plan.


The adult guardianship system was introduced into Korean civil code in 2011 and will be put into force in July 2013. It is necessary for us to discuss...


Objective: The purpose of this study was to present a report of two cases of portal biliopathy in children with portal vein thrombosis. Case Report: Cas...


The different mapping techniques that are used increases the details on surfaces without increasing the number of polygons. Image Based Sculpting tools in the program Modo and Z-Brush is used to cr ...


33 ince the inception of managed care, the overall healthcare delivery system has changed significantly. Contemporary payers are demanding physician responsibility in clinical decision making and in financial aspects of patient care delivery. The payers would like to know that doctors are spending efficiently and responsibly. Managed care organizations strive to apply the principles of quality improvement from other industries—which have been shown to be extremely effective to the healthcare industry. To this effect, they encourage rationalization and standardization of practice and demand outcome studies. To achieve rationalization and standardization, they established evidence-based medicine and clinical pathways, respectively. Another important measure of quality improvement is outcome measures. Because good outcome in prescribing pain medicine involves patient satisfaction, measuring outcome in the administration of pain medicine is difficult. Documenting patient satisfaction as a medical treatment outcome is difficult for two reasons: (a) being healthy is not simply being free of illness, but it is an intimate personal concept that varies widely in a population; (b) physicians do not have a validated tool or instrument that can be used to measure patients' satisfaction. Indeed, there are many simplistic questionnaires that ask the patient at time of discharge (or post-discharge sent to the patient's residence) if they were satisfied with the healthcare service. However, this kind of questioning is not conducive to estimating patients' satisfaction with their life; it simply reflects their satisfaction with the service. Also, if these surveys are generated by the health institution's personnel, they can easily devise the questions in a manner that will always portray a positive response from the respondents. Therefore, it appears that there is a need for a validated measure of outcome that reflects patients' satisfaction with their lives. In this regard, quality of life (QOL) seems to be the right measure.


any difference between evoking our sympathy and manipulating it. Gosta and Fields claim that NTB's is the first recording in which one singer doubles the roles of Dido and the Sorceress and that also 'offer[s] a historically informed interpretation'. However, Laura Pudwell did take both roles for Niquet (Glossa) in 2000—whether 'historically informed' or not—and I find the casting as unconvincing now as I did then. For one thing, the Sorceress's music lies substantially lower than Dido's—and apparently less comfortably for Tubb, to judge by some of the grotesque vocal devices she employs. Notwithstanding Fields and Gosta's trendy allusion to 'go[ing] to the edge in the search for dramatic and emotional truth' the results don't sound all that different from the vocal antics of many another Sorceress. I hear Tubb's Sorceress as a villain of the dotty bag-lady persuasion, fairly conventional, albeit broadly projected. If Tubb's interpretations of the two roles do affect one another, it is only in the sense that the extravagance of her Dido mannerisms obliges her to send the Sorceress even deeper into the realm of caricature. NTB's supporting Witches (like CdA's) cannot resist dramatizing their roles, though their task is really to sing them. Here, their vocal gurning so mangles the long melismatic suspensions in 'But ere we this perform' that the punning implication of 'drive' would not be noticed even by a 17th-century listener. They render 'took' in an even drier staccato than CdA's. (Is this the new rock 'n' roll?) NTB's Aeneas, Thomas Meglioranza, gives a thoughtful and sympathetic performance that sends a breath of fresh air blowing gently through the opera. His soft-grained voice and confiding manner suggest from the start a softhearted hero who really could win the heart of a young widowed queen. And he shows considerable understanding of Purcellian declamation—at least when left to himself, for in his scenes with Tubb she seems to draw him towards her own less disciplined quasi-recitative. NTB's instrumental forces are more modest than CdA's (ten string players with no 16-foot bass and no additional wind), but they share with the larger ensemble such habits as breakneck speeds and a spiky overdotting. The NTB performance is also marked by a tendency to scatter ornaments just about everywhere—ornaments based indiscriminately on Lullian, Cavalier or Handelian models. And Gosta ends 'With drooping wings' in the same affected way, with the crotchet silences between the pairs of 'never' quavers getting longer and longer. These three recordings will give a great deal of perfectly licit pleasure to a great many listeners. If my review of them seems unremittingly negative, it is because I wish us to avoid a too-easy embrace of what's offered—to raise the bar of our expectations higher. These days we can take it almost for granted that a new period-instrument recording of a 17th-century work will get all the basics right: singing and playing will be well phrased and in tune, ornamentation and rhythmic inequality will be applied, and so on. But, just as predictably, many of the tempos will be too fast, ornamentation and inequality will belong to no particular time or place, and the instruments will produce an all-purpose 'Baroque' sonority. Most of the instruments in such a recording will be as well crafted, and in large part as deftly played, as they were 300 years ago. But it's hard to feel such confidence regarding the most important period instrument of all—the human voice. Both Niquet and Haïm use several 'big' voices which seem to belong to a late 19th-century tradition which values 'projecting' over communicating. The voices in New Trinity Baroque's Dido are better scaled to the music, but NTB's idiosyncratic agenda leads down a stylistic cul de sac, more postmodern than post-Restoration. 'Historically informed' performances should trust Purcell's delicate contrapuntal sense, his versatile control of harmonic rhythm, and his 'peculiar Genius to express the Energy of English Words' to speak to modern audiences without gimmicky enhancements or hard-edged spotlighting. King Arthur has a more nuanced sense of humour and theatrical flair than Niquet show us: Dido has more to tell us about the heartbreak and nobility of the human condition than we will learn from New Trinity Baroque or the Concert d'Astrée.


Chuandong Relic,which is about 4.5km away from the south-west of country town,includes many tourism,as superiority of tourism resources centered by historical sites and objects,intricate ground water,thick and pure Culture of Bu Yi nationality,and so on,Tourism can be expanded preferentially with archaeology exploration rest and recreation,such as enjoying flowers,buing some local specialty,and folk custom feature in tourism.


We investigate the stability of $f(R)$-rotating (Kerr) black hole obtained from a limited form of $f(R)$ gravity. In order to avoid the difficulty of handling fourth order linearized equations, we transform this form of $f(R)$ gravity into the scalar-tensor theory by introducing two auxiliary scalars. In this case, the linearized curvature scalar equation leads to a massive scalaron equation. It turns out that the $f(R)$-rotating black hole is unstable because of the superradiant instability known as the black-hole bomb idea.


Objective: The earliest histopathological feature of celiac disease (CD) is increased intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL). The aim of this study is to find out the normal IEL count and to describe the histopathological features of CD among Jordanian population. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 207 patients, 99 with CD cases and 108 normal controls. IEL were counted in all cases and controls. Histopathological features including villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia were evaluated in CD cases and were classified according to the Modified Marsh classification. A two-tailed t-test was used to compare the means of variables and a P value of <0.05 was considered significant. Pearson correlation was used to measure relationships between histopathological features in CD cases. The cut-off point was suggested as the mean of normal+ 2 standard deviations (SD). Results: The mean number of IEL in normal biopsies is 11.7. The upper limit of normal is 17, this figure (17) is also the mean + 2SDs. There is no statistical difference of the number of IEL between males and females in the normal group (p = 0.54) or the CD group (p = 0.807). The number of normal IEL significantly decreases with higher age of 49 (p = 0.034). Conclusion: Using 17 as a cut-off point is sufficient to detect CD. Higher thresholds result in missing cases. The cut off points of IEL can vary among geographical areas and thresholds should take these differences into account.


Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology | July-September 2015 | Vol 31 | Issue 3 429 4. Brain Trauma Foundation, American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS), Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS), AANS/CNS Joint Section on Neurotrauma and Critical Care. Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury, 3rd edition. J Neurotrauma 2007;24:S1-106. 5. Maas AI, Dearden M, Teasdale GM, Braakman R, Cohadon F, Iannotti F, et al. EBIC-guidelines for management of severe head injury in adults. European Brain Injury Consortium. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1997;139:286-94.


Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a pervasive complexity of diabetes mellitus and represent critical bleakness, mortality, and medical care uses. It is assessed that 19–34% of patients with diabetes are probably going to be influenced with a diabetic foot ulcer in the course of their lives, and the International Diabetes Federation reports that 9.1–26.1 million individuals will foster DFUs every year. These numbers are disturbing, as the clinical ramifications for the advancement of a DFU are not unimportant. Patients with DFUs were likewise found to have a 2.5overlap expanded danger of death contrasted and their diabetic partners without foot wounds. Treatment of DFUs represents around 33% the absolute expense of diabetic consideration, which was assessed to be U.S $176 billion in direct medical care uses in 2012.Despite these high medical services costs, about 20% of patients have unhealed DFUs at 1 year [1]. Despite the fact that there are grounded standards to overseeing DFUs, treatment of DFUs is regularly difficult. Wound debridement includes evacuation of all necrotic and devitalized tissue that is inconsistent with mending, just as encompassing callus. This interaction helps in granulation tissue arrangement and re-epithelialization and lessens plantar pressing factors at callused areas.9 Debridement additionally assumes a significant part in disease control, as devitalized tissues give a nidus to bacterial multiplication, go about as an actual hindrance for anti-microbials, and limit safe reaction to battling contamination [2].


The article presents methods of implementing atmos pheric precipitation and snow cover using techniques of modern computer graphics. Metho ds applied in the Jaskier image generator and probl ems of image continuity in multiple display monitors are d iscussed. The results obtained are discussed in the summary.


Students enter pre-service teacher education programmes with certain preconceptions about what the world is like, what classrooms are like and how students acquire literacy. In our increasingly multicultural society, teachers in pre-service teacher education courses are often not representative of the wider population. The present paper reports on a study in which reflective writing by first-year students was used to illustrate the sorts of questions teacher trainees are asking about classrooms, and the extent to which their preconceptions as to their learners' needs have been disrupted by their readings about diversity. Themes to be explored are dialects and varieties, importance of pupils' talk, cultural diversity and creative thinking. A critical discourse analysis also revealed students' beliefs and developing understandings about second language learners. It will be argued in this paper that a small amount of information, though provided with the best of intentions, may inadvertently reinforce previously held negative opinions about second language learners, and that care needs to be exercised in how information about ESL pupils is presented.


Recent advances in genetics and molecular biology make possible the cloning and genetic manipulation of genes for insecticidal activities from natural insect pathogens. Using recombinant DNA methods and site-directed mutagenesis of specific gene regions, production of new and improved biorationals should be possible.


A novel chip I/O technology, which enables high-bandwidth signaling, embedded microfluidic cooling and power delivery for high-performance 2.5D (silicon interposer) and 3D integrated circuits is presented. It features annular-shaped fluidic microbumps with 150 μm inner diameter and 210 μm outer diameter and fine-pitch electrical microbumps with 25 μm diameter and 50 μm pitch. Silicon dice with the novel electrical and fluidic I/O interconnections and die-level embedded microfluidic cooling were successfully fabricated and assembled. Following assembly, the measured resistance of a single electrical microbump is 13.50 MΩ ± 1.82 MΩ. Fluidic testing was conducted by pumping DI water into the bonded dice at a flow rate of up to 50 mL. No leakage or pressure drop change occurred during testing, and thus, demonstrating the feasibility of the novel fluidic I/O interconnections. In addition, the impact of the number of power delivery microbumps and die thickness (as a result of embedded microfluidic cooling) on power supply noise is analyzed using a compact physical model.


Based on the analysis of the hobbing machine workbench structure,analyze the reasons of the workbench to radial jumpiness,shaft jumpiness over tolerance,and point out the removal method of various breakdowns.


In this book, the authors document the widespread poisoning of wildlife with the carbamate pesticide, carbofuran, and describe steps taken over the past 20 years by conservation groups and other wildlife advocates that have led to the banning of the product for agricultural uses in the United States, Canada, and Europe. In chapter 1, the reader is introduced to the chemical and analytical methods available for detecting it in environmental samples or animals suspected of being poisoned. Written by Stephen Donovan, Mark Taggart, and the book editor, Ngaio Richards, the chapter is helpful for those who are not familiar with environmental chemistry and provides a good introduction to the topic. In the second chapter, Pierre Mineau, Stuart Porter, and Carol Meteyer summarize signs of poisoning in wildlife species and how to treat birds suspected of being poisoned by carbofuran or other cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides (carbamates and organophosphates [OPs]). The emphasis of this chapter and throughout the book is on birds, as they are much more sensitive to cholinesterase inhibitors than are mammals because of their lack of A-esterase, an enzyme that metabolizes and detoxifies these chemicals. With these chapters as background, the history of wildlife poisoning by carbofuran and, to a lesser extent, other agrochemicals throughout the world is described in the remainder of the book. Carbofuran is manufactured primarily by FMC Corporation (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA) and was first introduced in the 1960s. It is one of the most acutely toxic of the carbamate and OP pesticides, particularly since parathion and ethyl parathion have been withdrawn from the market. As such, it appears to be the chemical of choice for intentional poisonings of wildlife. This is particularly the case in Kenya (chapter 3), where protein from wild animals is more highly valued over that of domestic livestock and the belief that historical methods of carcass preparation, as well as government regulation of pesticides, negate concerns about possible human health effects of eating poisoned animals. Human-wildlife conflicts in India are aggravated because of increasing human population density, particularly around nature preserves (chapter 4), and many carbamates and OPs, including carbofuran, are used in an attempt to reduce crop and livestock depredation. In Eastern Europe, including the Czech Republic and Hungary (chapter 5), the end of Soviet rule in the 1990s resulted in privatization of land and various agricultural practices which, in turn, have made agrochemicals more widely available to the general public. Again, human-wildlife conflicts result in intentional poisonings, such as otters (Lutra lutra), White-tailed Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), and other piscivorous wildlife around historical (human-made) fish-rearing lagoons. In chapter 5 is described how birds of prey and predatory mammals are intentionally poisoned with many pesticides and rodenticides in some areas of the Netherlands, in an attempt to reduce nest predation on various species of birds whose eggs are prized by people, and in Austria by hunters to boost the amount of small game. In Croatia, introduction of game species such as Eurasian brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos), wild boar (Sus scrofa), golden jackal (Canis aureus), wolf (Canis lupus), fox (Vulpes vulpes), and fallow deer (Dama dama) to several nearshore islands to boost tourism has been opposed by local residents, some of whom resorted to the illegal use of poisons,


This study was carried out to improve the physical and mechanical properties of Pupulus alba glandulosa treated by the heat and compression. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The specific gravity of the wood was conspicuously increased by the lincreasing of pressing level. 2. The shrinkage of the wood was increased. by the increasing of pressing level. The radial shrinkage was 6.41-8.81%, the tangential shrinkage was 8.98-19.81 %, and the longitudinal shrinkage was 1.46-1.91 %. Comparing to the untreated stock, the rate of increase was 48.7-104.4% in radial direction. 1.7-124.4% in tangential direction and 60.4-109.9% in longitudinal direction, respectively. 3. The rate absorption of 30% compressed stock was Similar to that of untreated stock. but the rate of absorption of 40 % or more compressed stock was increased highly. 4. The thickness swelling of the wood was not changed in radial direction at pressing level, but was conspicuously increased in tangential direction under the pressing level of 40% and 50%. 5. The heat and compression treatment affected on the mechanical properties of the wood. The longitudinal compressive strength was increased under the pressing level of up to 40%, but was decreased under the pressing level of 50%. The bending strength was not changed under the compression percentage of up to 30%, but was decreased under the pressing level of 30% or more. And, the absorbed energy in impact bending was increased to 128% under the pressing level of up to 30%, but was decreased under the pressing level of 30% or more. Conclusionly, the mechanical properties of the wood was improved by the heat and compression treatment, but the strength of the wood was decreased under the pressing level of a certain level or more(in this study, pressing level of 30% or more). This was because of the wood deterioration due to the deformation(shrinkage, crack, failure) of wood tissues induced by the heat and compression treatment, the heat analysis of wood components induced by the heating, and the drop of the degree of polymerization.


There is so much that is sane and sensible in Michael Howard's article, "On Fighting a Nuclear War," that I believe a brief public dialogue may be fruitful. This is not one of those all too frequent occasions when representatives of radically opposed schools of thought attack cardboard figures and talk past each other. I cannot do justice to the richness of Professor Howard's article in the space of a letter, but I do hope to suggest that he and some, at least, of the more "war-fighting" minded strategists, are not that far apart. Since I was identified several times in the article as an advocate of policies of which Professor Howard (and the late Bernard Brodie) disapproves, I must assume that my views have some representative character. First, I would like to identify some important common ground. I agree with Professor Howard (and Bernard Brodie) that: nuclear war would be so terrible as virtually to warrant description as an obscenity; a policy of firm containment of the Soviet Union is necessary; credible (as opposed to incredible) threats should be posed; war, if it must be waged, must be waged only for clear political objectives that are in balance with the military means applied; a policy of strategic (inter alia) nuclear deterrence is a regrettable necessity; and, finally, that the Soviet system is manifesting many very serious internal weaknesses and vulnerabilities. On all of that we can agree. Where I find Professor Howard's (and Bernard Brodie's) analysis to be deficient is that it appears to stop when the buttons are pushed. At the very point where we need strategic thinking most, no recommendations are discernible. Of course it is preferable to deter war rather than to wage it; that is not at issue. But what is the connection between prospective prowess in the conduct of war and preor early intra-war deterrent effect? Furthermore, what should we do if war occurs? Perhaps an East-West war can be deterred, or prevented by policies aimed at political stabilization, indefinitely. But what if it cannot be so deterred? What advice would Professor Howard proffer to American SIOP planners?


Advanced experimental setups to prepare and manipulate Bose-Einstein Condensates open the possibility to realise quantum field thermal machines (QFTMs), the analogue to classical heat pumps acting on the quantum field of a gas. With the aim of enhancing the performance of such systems, this work studies the dynamics of the experimental quasi condensate within mean-field theory and for non-zero temperatures. Optimal trajectories for a complete cooling cycle are derived that minimise mean-field excitations whereby different approaches are compared. A minimum variance estimator is designed to adapt parameters of the mathematical model based on experimental data. In studying the condensate at non-zero temperatures, we find that trajectories that minimise mean-field excitations also alleviate undesired heating during the cooling sequence.


Objective of this article is to develop a method for lithium chemical current sources diagnostics, which would ensure high reliability in assessing their technical state (primarily, the discharge degree) close to potentially achievable introduction of the acoustic spectroscopy method. Today, microcalorimetric studies and methods of impedance and noise spectroscopy make it possible to predict the lithium chemical current sources service life. However, implementation of the microcalorimetric studies result requires a lot of time accompanied by using stationary and large-size equipment, which is practically impossible in the autonomous conditions. Application of the impedance spectroscopy method provides satisfactory results only with high degrees of discharge. In the range of 0--30 %, it is very difficult to determine the discharge degree, since noticeable alteration in the correlate within its deviation from the mean value is missing. In this regard, it is proposed in order to provide diagnostics of the lithium chemical current sources in the region of initial degrees of discharge to introduce the noise diagnostics method. In order to increase reliability of the diagnostic estimates, it is advisable to use acoustic spectroscopy as a physically independent method in diagnosing the state of lithium chemical current sources. Results of the preliminary measurements analysis confirm the prospects of using the acoustic spectroscopy method in assessing the current state of primary lithium chemical current sources. Experimental studies of the lithium chemical current sources response to acoustic (mechanical) action made it possible to determine a set of parameters characterizing the proposed methodological approach. This provided a possibility to search for correlation dependences of the lithium chemical current sources spectral characteristics on the degree of their discharge. This makes it possible to use the method of acoustic spectroscopy in prompt and reliable diagnostics of the primary current sources in the region of low discharge degrees


Objective: To determine frequency of hepatitis-C in dialysis patients at start of hemodialysis, seroconversion from HCV negative to HCV positive over study duration and factors affecting seroconversion. Methods: This descriptive prospective observational study done in dialysis center of DHQ hospital Sheikhupura, Punjab, Pakistan. The study was conducted from October 2016 to October 2017. Data was collected on Performa and later followed prospectively in same cohort of patients. All the patients on maintenance hemodialysis for more than one month were included in the study. Patients with acute kidney disease and on dialysis less than one month were excluded. Patients were analyzed by dividing them in three groups, group-I patients who were HCV positive at start of dialysis, Group-II who were negative and seroconvert to HCV positive, Group-III who were negative and remained negative. All seronegative patients were followed at one, three, six and twelfth months on being hemodialysis for seroconversion. Results: Out of 230 surveyed patients 52 were HCV positive at start of dialysis and 19 were loss of follow up. Out of remaining 159 HCV negative patients 95 became HCV positive, only 64 patients remained HCV negative by end of study. Conclusion: Frequency of HCV seroconversion among chronic hemodialysis patient is found to be 53.37%. Arteriovenous access, number of dialysis, reuse of dialyzer and blood transfusions are important risk factors.


A comparative analysis of kinetic data and the polarity of the interfacial layer of a reverse micelle demonstrated that the hydrolysis of O-ethyl-O-p-nitrophenylethylphosphonate in sodium dodecylsulfate-butanol-water reverse-micelle system is controlled by the polarity of the microenvironment of the reactants and by the effect of concentrating the compounds involved in nanoaggregates.


Patterns drawn by the patients during digital Luria's alternating series tests are analysed in this paper to support diagnostics of the Parkinson's disease. There are two main components that distinguish the approach proposed in this paper. The first one is the application of digital Luria's alternating series tests. In spite of its simplicity battery of the Luria's alternating series, tests allow not only to diagnose the disease but also may help to uncover on which level motor functions are affected. The second component is that kinematic and geometric features are computed not on the basis of the entire pattern but its "logical" constituents. Such an approach is justified by the fact that there is no formal description of the errors possible during the testing. Finally, it is demonstrated that classification decisions may be traced and interpreted.


How do people record information about the outcomes they observe in their environ- ment? Building on a well-established neuroscientific framework, we propose a model in which people are hampered in their perception of outcomes that they expect to seldom encounter. We provide experimental evidence for such "outlier blindness" and discuss how it provides a microfoundation for neglected tail risk by investors in financial markets. and invalu-able


A simple graph G = (V,E) is a finite nonempty set V(G) of objects called vertices together with a (possibly empty) set E(G) of unordered pairs of distinct vertices of G called edges. In chemical graphs, the vertices of the graph correspond to the atoms of the molecule, and the edges represent the chemical bonds. Dendrimers are hyper-branched macromolecules, with a rigorously tailored architecture. They can be synthesized, in a controlled manner, either by a divergent or a convergent procedure. Their applications in chemistry, biology and nano-science are unlimited. A single number which characterizes the graph of a molecular is called a graph theoretical invariant or topological index. The connectivity index is one of the most popular molecular-graph. Recently, some researchers investigated m-order connectivity indices of some dendrimer nanostars, where m = 2 and 3. In this paper, the 4-order connectivity index of an infinite family of polyphenylene dendrimers is investigated.


The main objective of this study is to determine
the optimal mechanization levels on different sized
farms ln semi-arid areas with respect to the current
level of labour force and land size. The study also
I
attempts to explore the optimal levels of mechanization
with increasing labour and farm Size.
Chapter one of this thesis points out the role
played by agriculture in the Kenyan economy and also
states the problems facing the small scale farmers in
semi-arid areas with respect to land, labour, farming
systems and mechanization. Chapter two reviews the
literature on the role and effects of mechanization
in agriculture with special reference to cultivation.
Chapter three consists of the objectives of the study
and the methodology used both ln data collection and
analyses. It is in this chapter that the different
models and analytical techniques are depicted.
Chapter four gives the findings of the study while
the summary, conclusions and recommendations are
found in Chapter five.
The data used were derived from a field survey
of 56 farmers in three sub-locations of lower
Kirinyaga, during the period between November 1978
and February 1979. Linear and parametric programmlng
were the main tools ~f analysis.
Of the different mechanization levels, it was
found that ox-cultivation gives higher'returns than
hand and tractor cultivation on all the different
farm sizes. The major constrains to increasing
production were found to be human labour, oxen and
tractor services as well as operating capital. As
a result these constraints, it was found that hand tools
operators can optimally ma~age only a two-hectare farm,
a three-hectare farm with tractor operators while oxen
users can manage four hectares. It was also found

that maize/beans mixture 1S a more profitable
enterprise than cotton. It is concluded that to
increase agricultural productivity in semi-arid areas,
ox-cultivation (using own oxen) should be encouraged
and the level of general farm management raised.
Further re,search aimed at finding suitable ox cultivation
implements should also be carried out


BACKGROUND: Family support during stroke treatment at home is crucial. However, post-stroke patients' longterm care will be a problem for families, reducing the level of life satisfaction and physical burden for caregivers. Furthermore, families may experience depression. AIM: Analyzing family conditions related to physical, psychological, and spiritual conditions that receive home-based health worker interventions. METHODS: Study implemented systematic review design with Prisma guidelines, initially with the identification of article sources, following by article screening, checking the eligibility of studies then appraised the selected articles. Three databases were used, Ebsco, PubMed, and PROQUEST. Only studies using quasi-experimental, pre-experimental, and RCT designs were included in this study. Furthermore, those articles were published between 2014 until 2019, full type article and conducted anykind of home intervention for stroke patients and/or family member.


The prehistory of the Maghreb region has a long history of research and discovery. Since Bleicher in 1875, the region's numerous cave sites have provided researchers with a wealth of well-preserved archaeological deposits. These discoveries have over the years permitted the elaboration of the region's Pleistocene past and demonstrated the presence of Acheulean, Mousterian/Middle Stone Age (MSA), Aterian and Ibero-Maurusian cultures. Of these it is arguably the Aterian that has generated the widest interest: its antiquity and association with modern human skeletal remains, perforated shell beads and other examples of behavioural modernity has led to it being described as amongst the first indications of identity and ethnicity (D'Errico et al. 2009).


We discuss the question: Is symmetry a useful tool in neuroscience? Even though symmetry has been important in many aspects of physics and engineering, it may appear to be an unlikely part of the structure of the nervous system. However, there are at least three rather different areas of neuroscience where symmetry does have a role to play: animal gaits, the visual cortex, and the vestibular system; and this talk will describe how symmetries enter into the these areas. My point of view is the one discussed in The Symmetry Perspective [17]. As an overview Schöner, Jiang, and Kelso [32] and Collins and Stewart [10] point out that standard quadrupedal gaits (walk, trot, pace, etc.) are highly stylized symmetric motions. Collins and Stewart observe that these symmetries suggest a structure for locomotor central pattern generators (CPG), where a CPG is a collection of neurons that produce the rhythms associated to the varous gaits. Moreover, understanding the rhythms associated to these gaits leads to interesting mathematics concerning the spatiotemporal symmetries of periodic solutions of ODEs. Ermentrout, Cowan, and Bressloff [12, 5, 6] exploit symmetries in the connectivity of the primary visual cortex (electrical signals are sent from the retina to the lateral geniculate nucleus and then to the primary visual cortex) to create models for this system, and use the symmetries to explain the form that geometric visual hallucinations take. Finally, McCollum and Boyle [29] show that the neuroconnectivity between the semicircular canals in the inner ear and the ring of muscles surrounding the neck has octahedral symmetry. In each of these examples, the symmetry group needs to be identified either through the symmetries found in system outputs (gaits, hallucinations) or in the actual neurobiology (primary visual cortex, vestibular system). In addition, in order to be useful in modeling, the spaces on which these symmetries act must be identified — and usually these spaces are understood using the phase spaces of coupled systems of ODEs [35, 23]. For example, the simplest models for quadrupedal gaits are based on the group Z4 × Z2 acting on R 8 (its right regular representation); the simplest model for orientation sensitivity in the visual cortex is given by the planar Euclidean group E(2) acting on itself by group multiplication; and the simplest model of the canal-neck projection of the vestibular system appears to be the octahedral group (rotational symmetries of the cube) acting on R. How important are these symmetries? That remains to be determined. But, at the very least, these are curious and interesting observations. We discuss each in turn. The presentation on gaits follows [18, 17]; the presentation on the visual cortex follows [5, 16]; and the presentation on the vestibular system follows [22].


This paper is concerned with the numerical solution of the unified first order hyperbolic formulation of continuum mechanics proposed by Peshkov & Romenski (HPR model), which is based on the theory of nonlinear hyperelasticity of Godunov & Romenski . Notably, the governing PDE system is symmetric hyperbolic and fully consistent with the first and the second principle of thermodynamics. The nonlinear system of governing equations of the HPR model is large and includes stiff source terms as well as non-conservative products. In this paper we solve this model for the first time on moving unstructured meshes in multiple space dimensions by employing high order accurate one-step ADER-WENO finite volume schemes in the context of cell-centered direct Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) algorithms.
The numerical method is based on a WENO polynomial reconstruction operator on moving unstructured meshes, a fully-discrete one-step ADER scheme that is able to deal with stiff sources, a nodal solver with relaxation to determine the mesh motion, and a path-conservative technique of Castro & Pares for the treatment of non-conservative products. We present numerical results obtained by solving the HPR model with ADER-WENO-ALE schemes in the stiff relaxation limit, showing that fluids (Euler or Navier-Stokes limit), as well as purely elastic or elasto-plastic solids can be simulated in the framework of nonlinear hyperelasticity with the same system of governing PDE. The obtained results are in good agreement when compared to exact or numerical reference solutions available in the literature.


The gold, silver and selenium content of copper refin ery slimes are recovered by first leaching the slimes with dilute sulfuric acid at an elevated temperature and at a partial pressure of oxygen of between about 5 and 50 psig, to obtain a leach solution containing at least about 98% of the copper content of the raw slimes. The decopperized leach residue is dried and then roasted in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of about 400' to 800° C. to obtain effluent roaster gases containing substantially all of the selenium content of the raw slimes in the form of selenium dioxide, the effluent roaster gases being treated to recover the selenium diox ide content thereof. The deselenized roaster residue is mixed with dilute acid and ferric chloride to form a slurry through which chlorine gas and air are continu ously bubbled for a period of at least about 5 hrs. to obtain an extraction liquor containing the gold content and a chlorination residue containing the silver content of the raw slimes. The auric chloride-containing extrac tion liquor is then treated to recover the gold content thereof, and the silver chloride containing chlorination residue is treated to recover the silver content thereof in pure metallic form.


ed by Md. Dilsad Ahmed, an assistant professor in the Core Curri culum Program, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences at Prince Mohammed Bin Fahd University in Al Khobor, Saudi Arabia, and Ferman Konukman, an assistant professor in the Department of Physical Education at Qatar University in Doha, Qatar.


Pseudoaneurysm (PA) following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a rare and dangerous complication. In recent years endovascular approach has been preferred to open surgery as it is less invasive and reduces complications in an already operated neck, especially cranial nerve injuries. We report a case of large post‐CEA PA causing dysphagia, successfully treated by deployment of two balloon‐expandable covered stents and coil embolization of the external carotid artery. A literature review dealing with all cases of post‐CEA PAs since 2000 treated by endovascular means is also reported. The research was conducted on Pubmed database using keywords "carotid pseudoaneurysm after carotid endarterectomy," "false aneurysm after carotid endarterectomy," "postcarotid endarterectomy pseudoaneurysm," and "carotid pseudoaneurysm."


Oil and gas exploration in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria began some fifty four (54) years ago. Since the early sixties till now, oil from this region of the Nigeria has been the major foreign exchange earner for the sustenance of the economy. Unfortunate to note is the fact that since oil exploration and exploitation began in the country in the Niger Delta, the region had not been at peace. The region had suffered all forms of environmental degradation resulting from crude oil spillage and gas flares. The peoples' source of livelihood has been destabilized thereby leading to high rate of poverty, social crises/conflict and involuntary migration of people for both security and succour. The people of the region are thus in severe pains and risk of extermination should the present trend of environmental degradation and negligence persist. Thus, this paper addresses the plight of the Niger Delta as a case study of the effect of environmental degradation on human vulnerability. It is believed that continuous existence of the Niger Delta people as a social sect is dependent on how prompt efforts are made to combat the environment nuisance in the region.


Introduction The aim of this paper is to introduce and demonstrate a simple, yet effective, mathematical model of a directly modulated analog fiber-optic (FO) link for transmission of radio-frequency (RF) signals in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI.) Cable shield currents remain a serious safety and image quality concern in applications of RF coils for medical MR imaging. Furthermore, the cable management is becoming an increasingly important issue in coils with 16 and larger number of channels, due to the size, weight, and the rigidity of the conventional coaxial cables. RF signal transmission via an analog optical fiber link has long been recognized as a possible solution [1]. The experiments [2], although very encouraging, also confirm the adverse effects of the shot noise, which is due to the quantum nature of photon and electron processes, and the relative intensity noise (RIN) and non-linearity, which are due to the practical limitations of electro-optical devices. These effects had made it impossible in the past to simultaneously satisfy all the requirements of an ultra-high performance RF front-end such as typically implemented in a MRI scanner [3].


We report the first rotation powered pulsars discovered in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) in more than a decade. PSR J0043–73 and PSR J0052–72 were discovered during a Parkes Multi-Beam (PMB) survey of MCSNR J0127–7332, and five new, optically selected, supernova remnant (SNR) candidates identified by the XMM–Newton survey. In addition to the candidates, we adjusted the PMB rotation to include additional nine SNRs and pulsar wind nebulae. We searched for young pulsars (1–200 ms) employing a Fourier analysis with PRESTO, as well as a search for longer period pulsars (200 ms–360 s) with a fast folding algorithm. Our targeted survey had a limiting flux density of 0.039 mJy for periods greater than 50 ms. Although not the main target of this search it was also sensitive to millisecond pulsars. PSR J0043–73 has a period and dispersion measure of 937.429 37 (26) ms and 115.1 (3.4) pc cm−3, respectively, and PSR J0052–72 has a period of 191.444 328 (46) ms and a DM of 158.6 (1.6) pc cm−3.


The dramatic growth of portable computing over the past few years has been the driving force behind research and development in the area of amorphous silicon thin film transistor array technology. The focus has been on improving yield, lowering manufacturing costs, and increasing aperture ratio to improve battery life. More recently, however, we have seen a renewed effort aimed at increasing the size and resolution of LCDs, with a view to replacing CRTs for some applications. These applications push the limit of a-Si:H TFT array technology and present some very different challenges. The author reviews the progress made in both these arenas and highlights some of the key areas of focus for future R&D.


Ultra-narrow linewidth tunable hybrid integrated lasers are built from a combination of indium phosphide (InP) and silicon nitride-based TriPleX™. By combining the active functionality of InP with the ultra-low loss properties of the TriPleX™ platform narrow linewidth lasers in the C-band are realized. The InP platform is used for light generation and the TriPleX™ platform is used to define a long cavity with a wavelength-selective tunable filter. The TriPleX™ platform has the ability to adapt mode profiles over the chip and is extremely suitable for mode matching to the other platforms for hybrid integration. The tunable filter is based on a Vernier of micro-ring resonators to allow for single-mode operation, tunable by thermo-optic or stress-induced tuning. This work will show the operational principle and benefits of the hybrid lasers and the state of the art developments in the realization of these lasers. High optical powers ( 100 nm) wavelength range and a low relative intensity (< -160 dB/Hz).


The frost occurred is lies on many factors, such as condition of weather, landform, soil texture, bacterial population and vegetation itself etc. To monitor the frost by using remote sensing, we have to solve many problems, for example, the precision of temperature retrieval and distribution of vegetation by using NOAA data. In addition, we have to consider to both the aerosol and humidity effect on the temperature retrieval. Due to above mentioned reasons, monitoring the frost by remote sensing is rather complicated and difficult. \; Based on the analysis of the characteristic and the law of the frost, using the data of NOAA and weather station during 1991 to 2000,as well as using the data of the frost damage, there are three methods were introduced to monitor the frost in Ningxia in this paper. The first is difference vegetation index (DVI) which monitoring the frost by means of the difference of vegetation index between fore\|frost and after\|frost. The second is temperature reference (TR) which monitoring the frost by compare to the difference between the temperature retrieval and frost index of crops. The third is the area of cold valley (ACV) which obtained ACV by integral the temperature below the frost index. We have examined the monitoring precision of those methods, the results show that each is available to monitor the different type of frost in Ningxia.


A separable-potential, Faddeev-type calculation of {Lambda}-deuteron scattering near the threshold for {Sigma} production is shown to produce structure (a resonance peak) in the cross section which lies below the {Sigma} threshold for two different YN ({Lambda}N-{Sigma}N coupled-channel) potential models. In one case the {Sigma}NN eigenvalue corresponds to a pole which lies below threshold (bound) and in the second case the poles lies above the threshold.


The reliability of internal combustion engines becomes an important aspect when traditional fuels with biofuels. Therefore, the development of prognostic models becomes very important for evaluating and predicting the replacement of traditional fuels with biofuels in internal combustion engines. The models have been made to model AVL 5402 engine emission, vibration, and sound pressure parameters using a three-stage statistical regression models. The fifteen parameters might be accurately predicted by a single statistic presented here. Both fuel type (diesel fuel and HVO) and engine parameters that can be adjusted were considered, since this analysis followed the symmetry of the methods. The data analysis process included three distinct steps and symmetric statistical regression testing was performed. The algorithm examined the effectiveness of various engine settings. Finally, the optimal fixed engine parameter and the optimal statistic were used to construct an ANCOVA model. The ANCOVA model improved the accuracy of prediction for all fifteen missing parameters.


Effects of hole shapes on film cooling effectiveness downstream of film cooling holes were investigated. Experiments on dust pan shaped holes, cone shaped holes and round holes have been conducted with secondary flow Reynolds number ranging from 10,000 to 25,000 and blowing ratio ranging from 0.3 to 2.0. Measurements are taken for 26 conditions. Results show that the optimal blowing ratio is 1.0 for the cone shaped holes, 0.7 for the dust pan shaped holes and 0.5 for the round holes. The film cooling effectiveness and cooled area of dust pan shaped holes and cone shaped holes are evidently superior to those of round holes in cases of blowing ratios greater than 0.7.


The advances of components,treatment and comprehensive utilization of high boiling silane resulting from the synthesis of organo-silicone were introduced.The production methods and technical features of monosilane,silicone oil,silicone water-proofing agent and silicone resin using the high boiling silane were described.


A liquid crystal display panel according includes a gate line and a data line crossing each other on a first substrate, a common electrode formed in parallel to the data line, a common line connected to the common electrode and arranged in parallel to the gate line, a gate insulating film formed between the gate and data lines to cover the gate line, the common line and the common electrode, a thin film transistor formed at a crossing part of the gate and data lines, a passivation film covering the thin film transistor, the data line and the gate insulating film, a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, a spacer hole penetrating the gate insulating film and the passivation film, and at least one ball spacer formed in the spacer hole.


Aiming at the low utilization rate of resources in multi-project scheduling,the multi-mode and multi-project scheduling model with activity splitting was proposed.Duration-cost-quality-resources were optimized comprehensively by multi-attribute utility function to enhance utilization rate,shorten duration and realize the maximization of total utility in multi-project scheduling.Randomness and stability of cloud droplet in Normal Cloud Model was used for designing cloud genetic algorithm to generate the priority of activities and scheduling plan of multi-mode multiproject with activities splitting.The effectiveness of the model and algorithm were verified by a case study.


Mission Statement The mission of the Institute is to advance intercultural initiatives' promote international education, coordinate international student services, develop international/intercultural studies, and promote and coordinate ESL initiatives. Through the Institute students and faculty are supported in their efforts to engage in intercultural and interdisciplinary learning opportunities both in the U.S. and abroad. The Institute supports a number of study-abroad programs sponsored by affiliated organizations such as the Council of Christian Colleges and Universities and the Consortium for Global Education. On campus, the Institute develops programs and services that enhance the international and intercultural awareness of the entire campus community, with particular focus on interdisciplinary and global service-learning endeavors.


Resumen en: The purpose of this research was to examine the difference of lower extremity alignment between subjects with and without ACL reconstruction. 20 ACL-inju...


Visitors have a significant impact on the indoor climate of buildings housing works of art, and the relationship between the number of visitors, the indoor air quality and the protection of exposed works of art is an important factor in the overall study of the indoor climate of heritage buildings without mechanical ventilation and/or air-conditioning systems. In view of these concerns and the lack of studies on natural ventilation in heritage buildings, this study aims to analyse the performance of natural ventilation in the São Cristóvão Church in Lisbon, Portugal. For the preparation of this study, an analysis of the natural ventilation of this church was carried out by creating a model in the CONTAM software, and the indoor air quality was analysed based on different international standards and guidelines for carbon dioxide levels and air flow rates (ACH). Estimating the current ventilation strategy, an average ACH of 0.75 h−1 was estimated during the time the church is open, and an ACH of 0.15 h−1 was estimated during the time the doors were closed. In a yearly analysis, an average ACH of 0.30 h−1 was obtained. These air exchange values guarantee EN 16798-1 category I air quality for 72% of the year and category II air quality for 18% of the year. Different natural ventilation strategies were analysed: (a) three scenarios exploring different cross ventilation scenarios; (b) a scenario assuming that the church is closed all year round; and (c) a scenario estimating an increase in the number of visitors, giving an idea of the variations in human pollutants and possible consequences. Taking into account the air infiltration and the fact that masses, an occasional situation with a high number of visitors, are always held just before the church closes, it is guaranteed that carbon dioxide levels will never exceed the limit of 350 ppm above the outdoor values imposed by EN-13779, registering a maximum of 291 ppm.


Increasing the filler content in paper and board is of great interest for reducing raw material and energy costs as well as improving product quality. However, the substitution of cellulose fibers with fillers, like calcium carbonate and clay, reduces the strength of the finished sheet. Other problems that arise, when the filler content is increased include an increased difficulty of retaining the filler particles in the paper and an increased difficulty of maintaining an even distribution of fillers across the three-dimensional sheet structure. Nalco Company has been developing technologies to address these issues and effectively deliver cost-efficiency to paper producers by allowing them to utilize less expensive raw materials. In this paper, Nalco FillerTEK technology was demonstrated to enable papermakers to increase filler content, while maintaining sheet strength properties by EuroFEX gap-former pilot machine and commercial paper machine; Nalco VELOX technology was demonstrated to improve filler retention and dewatering.


We develop an assignment model for a city with central and suburban labor markets connected by commuting. We show that not all workers benefit from the agglomeration economies created by the dense central business district. Low-skilled workers in the suburban district are worse off by being close to the dense central business district. High-skilled workers gain more from the urban scale. The existence of labor mobility costs induces only high-skilled workers in the suburbs to commute to the central business district, which results in a decrease in the local contact efficiency for the left-behind low-skilled workers. The empirical evidence from a Belgian linked employer–employee dataset confirms this novel finding.