The work of the faculty has like never before been under scrutiny. Questions are been asked about the quality of productivity and its outcomes. The public is concerned about what results the taxpayers' money are producing in higher education, the lack of concern for undergraduates, and the irrelevancies of some researches (Johnrud, 2002). Other questions, including the priority given to teaching over research by certain institutions, have become common especially with the rising cost of education. Attention is now paid to the cost and benefit of the investment in higher education. Therefore, the call for more scrutiny and reform has never been louder with the 2006 National Conference of State Legislatures' (NCSL) issued report on the state of higher education in the United States. The report declared that there is a crisis in higher education while demanding a higher level of productivity. This article reports a study into this circumstance. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. www.ijicc.net Volume 2, Issue 1, May 2015 Introduction The work of the faculty has like never before been under scrutiny. Questions are been asked about the quality of productivity and its outcomes. The public is concerned about what results the taxpayers' money are producing in higher education, the lack of concern for undergraduates, and the irrelevancies of some researches (Johnrud, 2002). Other questions, including the priority given to teaching over research by certain institutions, have become common especially with the rising cost of education. Attention is now paid to the cost and benefit of the investment in higher education. Therefore, the call for more scrutiny and reform has never been louder with the 2006 National Conference of State Legislatures' (NCSL) issued report on the state of higher education in the United States. The report declared that there is a crisis in higher education while demanding a higher level of productivity. Eugene Rice (1994), in the foreword to Ann Lucas's work on Strengthening Department Leadership asserts: "the time has come for us as faculty members to fundamentally reframe how we think about what we do and move from "my work" on to "our work" (pp. xi-xii)" . The social and political context continues to demand improved performance and productivity. The social factors include public requirements for faculty to justify the use of their time, which in effect results in productivity. The political context arises out of the demands by stakeholders for faculty to justify the use of taxpayer money in the midst of dwindling state funding. The issue is no longer how hard faculty work but what they should be doing with their time (Edgerton, 1993). To thrive in the midst of complex challenges, higher education will have to create new ways to "do more with less" (Massey, 1995; Seymour, 1995). To be able to bring about this shift in a complex system, Green (1992) suggested a need for cultural changes within institutions that can foster creativity. According to Schuster and Finkelstein (2006), the domain of higher education is a "grounded portrait of a complex enterprise" (p. 323). Higher education operates in academic systems organized along departmental, college, or faculty lines. The typical college or university administration is formalized. The challenge for most International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. www.ijicc.net Volume 2, Issue 1, May 2015 complex organizations is how to manage innovation in a complicated environment (Snowden & Boone, 2007). Every discipline and department has its separate values and sub-culture, even though it is interdependent and has a common institutional culture. However, it is the interaction of these interdependencies, disciplinary cultures, standards and changing dynamics that help foster creativity (Marion, 2008). The goal of this paper is to examine the connection between complexity dynamics and faculty creativity, using the measures of Partial Least Square to understand how the complex systems of higher education work to foster faculty creativity. Complexity and Higher Education Complexity is a theory that describes interactive systems or networks of patterned human behavior. According to Marion (2012), complexity is about patterns of behavior that emerge from interactive dynamics among groups. The parts of a complex system are constantly changing as they interact with one another. In complicated systems, by contrast, the parts are unchanged by their interactions; a ship, for example, is complicated and not complex (Cilliers, 1998). Higher education is complicated because it is comprised of formalized, unchanging, and typically bureaucratic-structure. Higher education system is, however, also complex because of the interaction of academic parts and their capacity to learn and produce new ideas. The question then is, how is complexity and creative activities enabled in an organization like higher education? How can people be creative either as collectives or individuals in their workplace environments? How can a creative environment be fostered within higher education? How can faculty be reoriented to lead from a complexity perspective? In complexity, therefore, attempts are made to understand how interactions emerge and how they generate creativity. The traditional approach to leadership is that a leader is the central figures who controls. organizes and initiate change. This is a top-down approach to leadership. Theories like leader-member exchange (LMX), servant leadership and transformational leadership describe a leader centric interaction in some form. The traditional approach that views leader as the central actor suggests a cause and effect, linear and top bottom approach to leadership (Christensen, 2011). However, organization in higher International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. www.ijicc.net Volume 2, Issue 1, May 2015 education is too complex, not static, and certainly not linear. Higher education is comprised of interactive agents who are interdependent and dynamic (Uhl-Bien, Marion, & McKelvey, 2007). The structures that emerge from these processes of interaction and interdependency are called mechanisms and their outcomes manifest in the generation of new ideas, creativity and innovations (Marion, 2008). Complexity from a problem solving perspective is viewed as "catastrophic interruption" (Hoffman, Cropley, Cropley, Nguyen, & Swantman, 2005, p 165). This process can be explained through the evolution of complexity theory. Essentially, complexity is an intrinsic understanding gained from the task or activities carried out. This knowledge is learned over time and considered commonly understood views of the world by those in the field. As time goes on, new knowledge is explored, construed, invented, and implemented. One characteristic of dynamic complex higher education systems is the amount of information that is generated. Universities are known as the citadel of learning and marketplace of ideas with much information processed on a daily basis. Complex organizations like higher education have at their disposal the ability to efficiently process large amounts of information that constantly are undergoing change. Each discipline and field in higher education constantly generates, gathers, and processes changing knowledge. Knowledge and information are disseminated through teaching, presentations, and publications. Such constantly changes information and knowledge are transformed into ideas, products, presentations, and publications by interactive agents in the system. Higher education systems are complex because they employ interactive interdependent agents that cut across disciplines for problem solving. They are interdisciplinary, multi-disciplinary and trans-disciplinary in problem solving. The benefit is that problems are approached from multiple perspectives and in a decentralized manner to achieve faster and more effective outcomes. Dynamic complex systems of higher education are adaptive to change. They have multiple stakeholders and varying influences from the environment; they are equally susceptive to the changes because they are change agents that respond quickly to influences from the environment. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. www.ijicc.net Volume 2, Issue 1, May 2015 Theoretical Framework The KEYS constructs and complexity theory was used for this study. The KEYS model by Teresa Amabile (1996) identified inhibitors as obstacles to creativity in an organizational environment. Inhibitors in organization were divided into organizational impediment and workload pressure. The organizational impediments include organizational culture, management style, and organizational policies. The workload pressure could represent how faculty members spend their time and the implication of workload pressure on teaching and research productivity. The workload pressure mentioned by the KEYS model and pressure by complexity theory are similar, even though complexity extends the meaning of pressure to include task related conflicts. Additionally, Uhl-Bien et al (2007) identified the features of complexity as interdependence, heterogeneity, interaction, workload pressure and psychological safety (with psychological safety representing job security, risk taking, supervisor support etc. The two theories constructs were used in this study to examine and measure the intersection between complexity and faculty creativity in higher education. Methodology This research sought to understand the connection between complexity (collectivist) dynamics and creativity (individual) among faculty members in higher education. In this paper, a non-experimental design was adopted which"in which the researcher collects data without introducing any new treatment or data" (McMillan & Schumacher, 2001; Polit & Hungler, 1983, p. 618). The complexity theory and the KEYS model constructs were employed as a f


The national production of Mexican vegetal pear (Sechium edule) is located at the present time in more than 130,000 ton/year. The vegetal pear that produced in the center zone of the state of Veracruz is known in international markets; however it is a product that practically has not been studied. This work identifies the rheological behavior of vegetal pear (Sechium edule). A rheometer MCR301 of Anton Paar was utilized for viscosity and shear stress measurements. The objective of this experimental was modeling the rheological behavior of vegetal pear suspensions at three concentrations (1, 2 and 3% w/w), three particle size (1.00, 1.19 and 1.40 mm), at the same conditions of temperature (25, 40 and 70 °C). The results showed that all the suspensions there was a phenomenological behavior as a dilatants fluid (n>1) the performance of flow was represented by the Herschel‐Bulkley model, and present values of "yield stress" between from 0.1 to 15 Pa for the different experiments. During evaluation of the acti...


A new way for the study of diffusion processes in liquid metals in solid/liquid-liquid/solid trilayer systems is proposed. The design of this kind of trilayers enables diffusion processes to take place, without effect of gravity-induced convection and Marangoni-convection. The Ta/Zn-Sn/Si trilayers were selected as an example and the interdiffusion of liquid zinc and tin at 500 degrees C was investigated.


FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to α-olefin gaseous polymerisation in reactor with fluidised bed in the presence of polymerisation catalyst. Fluidised bed reactor 1 is equipped with fluidisation grid 3, circulation circuit R and solid product discharge pipeline 13. Circulation circuit comprises vertical 10 and air conveyor pipe 11. Vertical 10 communicates fluidisation grid 3 with top zone of reactor 1. Solid product discharge pipeline 13 communicates via control valve 12 with vertical 10. EFFECT: reduced amount of gas removed from plant together with polymer. 22 cl, 1 dwg, 4 ex


A mouth dissolving drug delivery system is developed to facilitate ease of medication and the field has become a rapidly growing area in the pharmaceutical industry. They are designed to be dissolved on the tongue rather than swallowed whole. Such formulation provide an opportunity for product line extension in the many elderly person who have difficulties in taking conventional oral dosage form (viz., solution, suspension ,tablets, and capsules) because of hand tremor and dysphagia. Further, drugs exhibiting satisfactory absorption from the oral mucosa or intended for immediate pharmacological action can be advantageously formulated in these dosage forms which dissolve rapidly in saliva without chewing and additional water. Taste masking of active ingredients becomesessential in this system because the drug is entirely released in mouth.


Pavement markings on public roads provide driver guidance, convey advisory or warning information to the driver, or both, and are often used as a supplement to other traffic control devices without redirecting the focus of attention from the road. Adequate visibility of pavement markings at night is an important element of driver safety, especially in the absence of public lighting. Increased lateral separation between double center stripes could increase the detection distance because the human visual system would spatially integrate over the lateral space between the parallel lines to form a more visible target that subtends a greater visual angle. Most of the technical literature has shown that there seems to be no available pavement marking visibility data on begin-and-end detection distances. Also, no data are available on the effects of lateral separation between double solid center stripes and the interaction between lateral separation and line width. The current study was conducted to provide a scientific basis for quantifying the effects of lateral separation between double solid center stripes. It is current standard practice in Ohio to implement double solid yellow center stripes (0.1 m wide) with a lateral separation of 0.1 m. On the basis of a field experiment involving 48 subjects, average begin-and-end detection distances were established and psychometric curves were plotted. An ANOVA and Scheffe post hoc test failed to find any significant systematic effect caused by lateral separation between the center lines. On the basis of the findings of this study it is possible to tentatively conclude that an increase in the lateral separation (from 0.05 to 0.2 m) between the double center stripes does not appear to be a useful method to increase driver visibility. In addition, as expected, the amount of retroreflective material (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, or 0.2 m width, double solid versus dashed, gap/stripe ratio of 9.15/3.05 m versus 10.98/1.22 m) has a fairly small effect on the 85th percentile end detection distances, thus indicating a relatively small marginal gain in visibility with a substantially increased retroreflective area. In fact, calculations indicate that an increase in area from 0.122 to 2.44 sq m for each 12.2-m-long center line segment (20-fold increase) is required to increase the average end detection distance from 82 to 128 m, which in only an increase of 56%.


As a place of holy worship, a Catholic Church should posses a sacred interior and exterior expression. Modernization has caused a good deal of this sacred expression of the Catholic Church to fade. As Catholic Church is a place of worship that supports all liturgical activities, semiotic theory are used to analyze and decipher its architecture to preserve sacredness.
The research methodology that was employed was qualitative methods using Peirce's semiotic principles and their implementation in Church architecture. The principle was then used to analyze two case studies in every detail of their draw up. The area of planning encompassed: (1) Scope of the surrounding environment; (2) Scope of the site; (3) Scope of the form. This analysis employed semiotic principles that were elaborated with Catholic Church principles to create a guideline in the architectural planning of a Catholic Church.
The purpose of this research is to find the most dominant sacral expression between Santo Petrus Church and the Santa Perawan Maria Tujuh Kedukaan Church by means of the symbols attached to the architectural elements between these two Catholic Churches.


The development of shale has coincided with an explosion in the availability and accessibility of data on prices, costs, inputs and outputs for upstream activity. Using data from a variety of sources to measure these variables, I create a quantitative history of the North American Eagle Ford shale. Given the broad features of this history, I then construct a theoretical, dynamic optimization model to understand how scarce mineral rights (leases) and long-lived capital required by production operations shape the pattern of development when prices are set exogenously in a world market.


•High number of optimization parameters ⇒ exhaustive search of discretized parameter space very time-consuming •The frequently used Box-Least-Square algorithm is not directly applicable to multi-planet systems, as phase-folded signals w.r.t. the period of one planet are likely blurred by signals of the remaining planets •Thus we approach the problem by heuristic techniques, i.e. a (μ, λ)−Evolution Strategy, a self-adaptive population-based evolutionary algorithm


The nanoindentation studies were performed on two austenitic stainless steels, AISI 304L and 316L. The steel samples have undergone two different electrochemical treatments, standard (EP50) and a high‐current density electropolishing (EP1000). Firstly, the observations of the steels' surfaces were done with the optic images of the AISI 304L and 316L SS after these two treatments displayed. Presented in the paper results have shown clearly that the high‐current density close to 1000 A/dm2 allows for obtaining the passive nanolayers with other mechanical properties than those obtained after a standard electropolishing (EP50). The prediction of these results has been confirmed by the preliminary XPS studies allowing for modeling of the steels' surface layers. The main finding of the study is revealing a new method of electrochemical treatment (EP1000) allowing to obtain the reduced Young's modulus of the stainless steels lower than that obtained after EP50. This feature is of high importance regarding the use of these steels as biomaterials. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This experiment was performed by using the characters of opal that is high hygroscopicity,high porosity and good absorption,and can release H 2O - when it is given energy.The paper studies the application of opal raising the moisture absorption of synthetic fibre,and forecasts the wide prospect.


BACKGROUND: Healthy city is one of the health development strategies in Indonesia that has been started since 2007. Implementation of healthy city in Makassar has entered its 12th year.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the implementation of healthy cities based on aspects of the level of involvement.
METOHDS: This research method uses a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach where research departs from phenomena found in the field and then is developed in depth. Informants in this study were 13 people. Data collection techniques are in-depth interviews and documentation.
RESULTS: The results showed that the involvement of women in the implementation of healthy cities in Makassar was shown from the large number of female workers who were directly involved in various programs launched by the city government related to healthy cities. In addition, many women play an important role by being the head of a healthy subdistrict program in nine subdistricts in the city of Makassar. Whereas the political commitment indicator shows the results that the Makassar city government's political commitment to the implementation of the healthy city is seen from the achievement of the Makassar city government which has succeeded in getting the highest award in the healthy city, Swasti Saba Wistara 4 times since 2007. After interviews and document review, the evaluation of the impact of the implementation of healthy cities based on women's involvement and political commitment of the government shows quite good and significant results since the implementation of healthy cities.
CONCLUSION: However, coordination at the government level is expected to be further improved, because there is still frequent miss communication between several Satuan Kerja Pemerintah Daerah in the implementation of tasks to achieve healthy city indicators.


Surface reconstructions for MBE grown GaN are identified. Different cases are considered according to the type of substrate or crystal symmetry and surface phase diagrams are obtained. Through different examples, it is shown how growth monitoring can be efficiently achieved through the use of surface reconstructions. Finally, from the observation that a residual arsenic overpressure in the MBE chamber changes the surface reconstructions of cubic (001) GaN grown onto 3C-SiC (001) substrates to that commonly observed for GaN growth on (001) GaAs, it is proposed that arsenic might be a surfactant for nitride growth.


Considerable number of women are enjoying swimming, however, the chest-region of swimsuits including cup inserts are not stable during swimming. The purpose of this study was to explore alternate designs and methods of stabilizing the breast cup to the swimmer's body by using 3D technology to design and position the pad and cup pattern of the swimming suit. To position the pad optimally, a 3D pattern of a nude woman was divided into blocks and different reduction rates were applied to blocks around the outlines of the breast. Two types of 3D patterns were developed. The first, referred to as the 'basic 3D pattern' provided for the curved surface of the breast point to be maintained with the remaining slack distributed evenly along the neckline, armhole and side seam. The second, referred to as the '1/3 shoulder moved 3D pattern' ignored the curved nature of the breast point by overlapping, with the resulting position of the shoulder strip moved toward the center. Three women of corresponding size and body shape evaluated the two 3D pattern designs as well as the conventional 2D pattern style of swimsuit. Respondents rated the'the basic 3D pattern' design highest in terms of stability and easy of movement in the chest region.


This paper analyzed the background, the cause, the violence process, and the lead influence of the overseas-Chinese exclusion that took place in 1931. Unlike the general understanding that the exclusion in 1931 started spontaneously, it was thoroughly planned and run by organizations made up of young adults and students. Moreover, a movement defending Korean Residents in Manchuria was in commenced and developed into violent riot, which involved rallies gathering crowd and attacking the overseas-Chinese. After in its inception in Incheon, the movement expanded all across the country. Dong-Ah Ilbo reported the overseas-Chinese exclusion as the result brought on by ignorance and violence of the ignorant class. But is that really the case? This paper begs to differ. It would be irresponsible to categorize the overseas-Chinese exclusion as an emotional explosion of the ignorant. This event was begun by premeditation within the nationalism camp, and Japan played a role in wrongful dismissal of it. The protagonist of this event is clearly Chosun`s nationalists. The overseas-Chinese exclusion of 1931 comprises speculations and effort towards revitalizing Chosun`s nationalist movement. Following the settlement of Shinganhoe, there was a need in the nationalism camp to enhance the nationalist movement through practice. When the Wanbao Mountain Incident broke out, uncompromising nationalism camp tried actively to use the opportunity. To this day, the two events Shinganhoe and the overseas-Chinese exclusion were considered independent events. Nevertheless, it is the author`s opinion that they have an intimate correlation. In the development of Shinganhoe, the overseas-Chinese exclusion of 1927 played a significant role. The overseas-Chinese exclusion of 1931 was the deja vu of the exclusion in 1927. While the exclusion in 1927 played a role of revitalizing organization of Shinganhoe`s branches through movement of defending Korean Residents in Manchuria and uniting nationalism`s capacity, the exclusion of 1931 played a significant role in expanding the camp of uncompromising nationalism. Just as the exclusion in 1927 started based on false rumor that it is overall establishment of Korean Residents in Manchuria, the exclusion in 1931 began based on false information that a Chosun person was murdered by a Chinese official at Wanbao Mountain. The organizations that circulated this information were Chosun Daily News and Dong-Ah Daily News, Chosun Daily News being more active of the two in circulating it. The articles on Korean Residents in Manchuria was the ideal opportunity to avoid censorship of Japan while inspiring nationalism among the Chosun people. Not only that, enabled to defend Korean Residents in Manchuria, it was an opportunity to openly expand the influence upon nationalism; moreover, it provided an opportunity to unite the left and right camps. The overseas-Chinese exclusion is strongly believed to have occurred to establish are presentative organization of unified Chosun by enhancing a mass movement of uncompromising nationalism camp. Mass movements were enhanced through the overseas-Chinese exclusion and various activity spaces were opened; however, it did not go as far as establishing an organization representing unified Chosun.


This study aims to test the determinant of the capital structure consisting of variable profitability proxified by return on asset (ROA), asset structure, liquidity projected with current ratio (CR) and the size of the company against the structure of capital in the mining business of the coal subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018. This research sample was obtained by purposive sampling method. Based on the criteria for selection of the sample, 10 companies were sampled for the study. The data analysis technique used is the regression of the data panel with the selected model random effect model. . The Value Adjusted R-square (R2)=0.434760 means that independent variables are able to explain the variation of dependent variables by 43.47%, while the remaining 56.53% is explained by other factors beyond this study. The F test of 0.00000 is smaller than the level of significance of α=0.05, noting that simultaneously independent variables have a significant effect on the capital structure. The results show liquidity variables had a significant negative effect on the capital structure. While variable profitability, asset structure and size of the company have no effect on the capital structure.


In recent years, medical assistant robots have been widely used in the medical profession. Previously, for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, we developed a robot-assisted system for gastroscope intervention to relieve the surgeon from heavy workload. On the basis of the original gastroscope, we can make use of the robot-assisted system replace endoscopist to operate a gastroscope. In the process of gastroscopy, the gastroscope will show different bending States. The gastroscope presents a kind of flexible instruments and improper torque applied has certain risk damaging the gastroscope and cause injury to patients' digestive tract. In this paper we analyzed typical shapes of gastrascope during intervention and test the torsion transmission characteristic of gastroscope with multi groups of experiments. Angle difference between the distal tip and proximal handle was used to evaluate the transmission performance. The results indicate, with the increase of gastrascope deformation, the angle difference increases showing poor torsion transmission capability.


Graphics performance is very important in the growing multimedia market. The demand for high-speed and low-cost memory for graphics is becoming higher, corresponding with large displays, massive image processing and graphics compression/expansion. A high bandwidth between the microprocessor unit (MPU) and graphics memory is necessary to do graphics expansion. Video random access memory (VRAM) suits graphics systems because of its multi port organization, but the bandwidth to the MPU is the same as for DRAMs. VRAM is expensive because the die size is bigger than for dynamic RAMs (DRAM). Hitachi is producing synchronous DRAM and synchronous graphics RAM to meet the market demands of high speed and low price. These products achieve high bandwidth in order to operate at high frequencies by pipe-line and dual bank techniques. In particular, synchronous graphic RAM (SGRAM) drawing performance is higher because of block write and mask write functions. Frame memory for graphics systems is being produced as well. This product is used in a system which produces digital graphics data from analog graphics data in the multimedia market.


The conglomerates developed in the piedmont areas would form a "velocity trap" for seismic data processing vulnerably, which makes it difficult to set up an exact velocity model and affects the reliability of the interpreted traps. Gravity, magnetic and electromagnetic (EM) responses, especially EM data, are sensitive to the existence of conglomerate masses. EM data can apparently indicate the existence of the conglomerate mass, but due to the volume effect, we can not interpret the conglomerate layer in more details along the vertical direction only with EM data. Seismic data can't identify conglomerate,but it gives more details, which make it possible to identify the strata and trace it. EM and seismic data complement each other. This paper mainly introduces 3D inversion and interpretation technologies with gravity, magnetic and EM data, and a software platform which realize joint interpretation of gravity, magnetic, EM, seismic and drilling data and so on. The mode of comprehensive interpretation was developed from qualitative comparison to joint fine description. The conglomerates are developed widely in D area, T basin shown by the data of drilling and outcrops, but the distribution of them is not clear. The uneven distribution of the conglomerates with high velocity affects the seismic imaging of deep structures, which results in an inaccurate interpretation of the deep structures, and even results in different understanding of the basic structural model. Therefore, to predict the distribution of the conglomerates and its lithology and lithofacies accurately, and to obtain an accurate velocity model is an urgent problem to be solved for the exploration in the piedmont areas. The accurate distribution of conglomerates was obtained by using 3D gravity, magnetic, EM and seismic data. The velocity model obtained is used in the pre-stacking depth migration, greatly improving the resolution of traps prediction. The three wells illustrate that the predicted gross thickness of conglomerate layer has the error only 3% compared with the drilling data. The velocity model is used on the pre-stacking depth migration of seismic data, greatly limiting the influence from the high velocity layers and decreasing the error of the predicted depth. So the drilling risk is greatly limited. Non-seismic methods can provide a more accurate velocity model for seismic prestack depth migration and improve the accuracy of interpreted traps.


ABSTRACT These volumes represent the work of a classical morphologist assisted by four co-workers. Gersh brings to the fields of electron microscopy and submicroscopic cytology a formidable technical proficiency combined with biological insight of a high order. The result is a highly distinctive contribution to rational biology. At the same time, ultrastructural research is raised to a new order of sophistication.Adapted to the demanding requirements of electron microscopy is Gersh's method of ultrarapid freezing and drying that he pioneered in histochemistry a generation back and that is being independently validated in the field of biological cryoresearch. Added is his technique of fixation by cross-linking, using organometallic vapors and other reagents in vacuo. This method, introduced ten years ago, is now refined to include reactions for proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates, with a specificity defended by a multiplicity of tests. Characteristic is the constant attempt to validate methodology and interpretations


Abstract. Scanning electron microscopic studies of the gills of Rhinomugil corsula and Sicamuqil cascasia reveal interspecific variations in distribution, density and architectural plan of the mucous glands and the cytochemical nature of the mucus secreted by them. The gill arch and gill filame~t epithelium of Rhinomuqil corsula contains numerous mucous cells, but Sicamuqil cascasia has few mucous gland openings on its gill arch and gill filament epithelium: In both the mullets the secondary lamellar epithelium lacks mucous gland openings, which is discussed. The presence of blue, blue-red, red and red-blue mucous cells [AB-pH 2·5 periodic acidSchilI] in the gills of Rhinomuqil corsula signifies the acid and neutral nature of the glycoprotein of the mucus secreted by them. However, the presence of only blue mucous cells indicates the presence of acid glycoprotein in the mucus of the gills of Sicamugil cascasia.


Pyocyanin is a pigment produced by 95% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and exhibits antimicrobial properties that can be used for different purposes. In this work, PMMA-based nanoparticles that were encapsulated into 200 µg/mL of pyocyanin (Np-Pyo) were produced by the nanoprecipitation method. They were evaluated with respect to antifouling activity against Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. With an encapsulation efficiency of 56%, the NpPyo remained stable for 90 days. Their characteristics were satisfactory for the following parameters: average size (616.90±38.30 nm; blank: 282.58±22.89 nm), polydispersion index (0.51±0.01; blank: 0.45±0.78), zeta potential (-5.13±0.41 mV; blank: -6.44±1.12 mV) and pH (6.18±0.03; blank: 6.42±0.01). The in vitro biofilm formation assay was performed on dolomite coupons measuring 1 cm2, on which the formulation was applied. There were tested conditions with and without immersion for 72h at 30 ºC. In the tests with the immersed coupons, there was fungal colonization; this was, however, lower than that observed in the control. A. niger decreased by 3 log units. No growth was observed on the coupons that were not immersed. The results were promising and demonstrated viability as a means of antifouling protection, particularly on dry surfaces.


AGEP alumni from ISU, UoI, UNI were survey in 2012 as part of the closeout activities of the NSF AGEP grant. Here is a summary. Overall BLOCKINdecision BLOCKINof BLOCKINstudents BLOCKINto BLOCKINcomplete BLOCKINdegree  Note the two groups of students " considered leaving " and " did not consider leaving " both graduated. Observation 1. Almost half students considered leaving, while 15% students did leave


The present invention discloses a liner ram means belonging to the field of press-fit tool liner. One kind of liner ram apparatus of the present invention, comprises a guide block, the ram body, a guide sleeve, cylinder piston rod, and the cone axis adjusting screw seat, is connected to a lower portion of the cone axis passes through the seat adjustment screw guide block, the guide block inverted conical lower portion; lower pressing member is connected to the guide block through the upper portion of the cone axis, uniform outer diameter and outer diameter guide when contracted condition of the lower ram block body; upper ram body by cylinder piston rod is connected with the guide sleeve. The present invention not only to ensure the liner is not out of round while automatic reclaimer, but also automatic centering function, ensuring accurate ram body is pressed into the liner, but also to ensure an accurate press-fitting the cylinder liner; Further, also timely automatic feedback pressure changes during the press-fit, can be monitored in real time, and thus real-time control.


Today's internet world has changed a lot from the previous decades. YouTube is one of the video sharing and streaming platform in social media which plays a vital role in internet users. In this paper discuss, how video creators will earn revenue from YouTube and what are the possible ways to generate revenue from it. Also, it explains how the advertisers will select the video and how the earnings will distribute to the video creators on YouTube. This review paper has sourced with many secondary data and comparison. Also, this paper deals with the revenue generation model on YouTube. It describes the types of ads on YouTube and the possible conversion rates of views into revenue. This article is helpful for those who are interested in video blogs, online business, e-commerce, etc to generate more income revenue by doing so.


Residual stresses in PDC cutters arise from the difference in thermal expansion between the polycrystalline diamond layer and the supporting tungsten carbide substrate after sintering at high pressure and temperature. If not managed correctly, these stresses can significantly reduce the toughness of the cutters, especially as the diamond-layer thickness increases. Current industry trends favor thick diamond cutters to take advantage of increased cutter life. This paper outlines the potential benefits of using thick diamond layers and details a mechanism for mitigating the related high residual tensile stresses. Finite-element models, laboratory tests, and field results are presented. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION HIGHLIGHTS Early attempts at US Synthetic to manufacture thick diamond PDC cutters with a flat interface resulted in delamination-type failures of the finished product. Residual stress was assumed to be responsible for these failures and cracks visible on the outer diameter of finished thick-diamond parts. Finite-element analysis was utilized to model the residual stresses present in PDC. Experimental measurements of surface residual stress agreed well with FEA model predictions when the model was subjected to a –650 °F temperature change. FEA models of thick diamond PDC showed a high tensile stress region in the diamond table above the interface on the cutter outer diameter. The location of this high tensile stress correlated well with observed cracks and fracturing after side impact loading. The models also revealed that a diamond hoop around the cutter perimeter with a portion of substrate material internal to the diamond table eliminated this harmful residual stress zone. Laboratory heavy-wear tests of .160-in thick PDC incorporating the diamond hoop produced a significant improvement in wear life, nearly five-times greater than a .030-in thick cutter. Subsequent field tests of the .160-in thick cutter confirmed the extended wear life observed in the lab. In addition, the delamination-type failure of flat-interface thick diamond was not observed with the hoop interface. PRODUCTION OF THICK-DIAMOND PDC Since their introduction over 20 years ago, polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters have gained wide commercial acceptance in the oil and gas drilling industry [1]. Bits equipped with PDC cutters now account for a significant portion of the total footage drilled [2]. Major advances in PDC performance have been achieved by adding non-planar interfaces between the diamond layer and substrate and by increasing the diamond thickness from the standard .030-in. US Synthetic has recently introduced a line of cutters with typical diamond thickness on the order of .160-in. Increasing the diamond thickness enables more diamond to be in contact with the formation during drilling, which increases wear resistance and improves the thermal characteristics of the cutter. However, tests have shown that as the diamond thickness increases the impact resistance or toughness of the cutter can be compromised. Flat interface PDC cutters manufactured with a diamond layer thickness exceeding .100-in have a propensity to crack. The cracks form in the diamond table slightly above the diamond/carbide interface. A typical crack in a planar interface PDC with a .120-in thick diamond table is shown in Fig. 1. The cracking incidence increases as the thickness of the diamond table is increased. It was also found that these cutters fractured easily under a side-impact load. The impact failure appeared to originate at the same location as the crack. The subsequent fracture propagated roughly parallel to the interface, removing the entire diamond Fig. 1. Ultraviolet dye-penetrant test showing crack in PDC with a .120-in thick diamond layer. table. Residual stress was assumed to be responsible for this failure mechanism. Work was then initiated to accurately model the residual stresses in thick diamond cutters and determine a way to mitigate their harmful effects. This paper shows the reasons why thick diamond cutters delaminate and presents a way to control harmful residual stresses, a major obstacle to the production of thick diamond PDC. RESIDUAL STRESS MODEL PDC is sintered under conditions where diamond is the thermodynamically stable phase of carbon and where metal solvent/catalysts enhance the diamond-to-diamond bonding kinetics (1500 – 2000 °C and 50 to 70 kbar) [3]. The individual diamond crystals bond together and to the substrate under these extreme pressure and temperature conditions. As pressure is released and the PDC is allowed to cool, the diamond layer and substrate material respond at different rates, giving rise to residual stresses in the PDC. Volumetric strain provides a simple model to illustrate the origin of these residual stresses. Assuming hydrostatic conditions and homogeneous, isotropic properties, the volumetric strain of a material can be written as


This study explores the processes of intercrisis and intracrisis learning and the link between them, drawing on South Korea's responses to the COVID-19 pandemic as an example. The crisis management literature suggests that intracrisis learning is less likely to occur than intercrisis learning due to inherent barriers that hinder learning and adaptation in the heat of crisis. Based on the conceptual framework of problem-oriented governance and crisis learning, we unpack how prominent outcomes of intercrisis learning facilitate intracrisis learning during the acute phase of an emerging crisis. We postulate that learning after 2015 MERS crisis developed the core capabilities for problem-oriented governance which, in turn, have facilitated learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also posit that these capabilities continue to be enhanced through ongoing intracrisis learning processes. Our findings indicate that, in South Korea, such capabilities— reflective-improvement capability, collaborative capability, and data-analytic capability—have been substantially developed after 2015 MERS crisis and are getting more sophisticated as a result of on-going intracrisis learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Theorical and practical implications for crisis learning are discussed.


To the Editor, A deep association between cardiac function, particularly global longitudinal strain (GLS) and COVID‐19 is receiving great concern. Khani et al. demonstrated that both right and left GLS were significant prognostic predictors in patients hospitalized to treat COVID‐19. Several concerns have been raised. In their study, both right and left GLS were correlated with various other echocardiography parameters, respectively. They used only hypertension to adjust in the multivariate analyses. Other potential confounders including echocardiography parameters might exist. Also, the assessment to investigate the superiority of GLS to other echocardiography parameters would be of interest. Baseline lower GLS was associated with mortality following COVID‐19 infection, but its detailed mechanism remains uncertain. Data on the cause of death should more clarify the association between GLS and mortality. Were most death related to cardiovascular diseases? The authors measured GLS on admission. Some COVID‐19 survivors seem to have a persistent myocardial injury, which was assessed by decreased left GLS and elevated high‐sensitivity troponin levels. Prognostic impact of such a persistent myocardial injury remains the next concern. FUNDING INFORMATION Teruhiko Imamura receives grant support from JSPS KAKENHI: JP20K17143.


This article reports on a demonstration project designed to develop a psychosocial model of services for treating depressed Cuban American elders. Data were collected to identify client variables (age, sex, time in the United States, and education) and treatment variables (life enhancement counseling, medication, and number of sessions) that are differentially predictive of treatment effectiveness with depressed Hispanic elders. Data are reported on a sample of 100 elders. Treatment effectiveness was measured using a factorially derived composite criterion. Residualized gain scores and factor-analytic techniques were used to conduct an analysis of the outcome criteria structures and to create the outcome composite. Multiple-regression techniques were employed to identify client and treatment variables differentially predictive of treatment effectiveness. The results of these analyses indicated that treatment success was independent of client variables, while two treatment variables, extent of life enhancement counseling and medication, were significantly predictive of treatment outcome.


When John Paul Lederach theorized that the nature and characteristics of contemporary conflicts suggest the need for a set of concepts and approaches that go beyond traditional diplomacy, he was promoting a paradigm shift away from customary conflict resolution practices, which typically emphasize short-term, top-down efforts. Instead, he advocates a holistic approach that encompasses not only peacebuilding, but also peace keeping. Since many conflicts are identity conflicts, which are fundamentally relationship-based, Lederach contends that conflict resolution specialists should begin the process with an exploration of shared meanings, perceptions, and responses to conflict based on social realities, experiences, and cultures. The foundation of this constructive process is transforming relationships to sustain a peaceful existence, and the cornerstones of this structure include truth, mercy, justice, and peace. With a solid base, the building and sustaining of peace is a realistic aspiration. In his effort to understand identity conflicts, Lederach searched for patterns and common characteristics of deeply divided societies, and discovered that identity conflicts occur when individuals disrespect essential needs, refuse decision-making participation, and deny an equitable distribution of resources. As a result, the conflicts are rights-based, with the conflicted parties fighting for a fair distribution of scarce resources and their collective rights. Their reality is based on a zero-sum mentality, which promotes a "For me to win, you must lose" attitude. Some other interrelated commonalities of identity conflicts that intensify them include:


Abstract The re-activation of calf-intestinal alkaline phosphatase inhibited by zinc is used for the determination of 14 to 126 1μg of barium in the presence of similar amounts of calcium or magnesium.


The fourth vaccination dose confers additional protective immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection in individuals with no prior coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19). However, its immunological benefit against currently circulating BA.4/5 is unclear in individuals who have received a booster shot and been infected with Omicron variant BA.1/2. We analyzed immune responses in whom had been boosted once and did not have COVID‐19 (n = 16), boosted once and had COVID‐19 when BA.1/2 was dominant in Korea (Hybrid‐6M group, n = 27), and boosted twice and did not have COVID‐19 (Vx4 group, n = 15). Antibody binding activities against RBDo BA.1 and RBDo BA.4/5, antigen‐specific memory CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell responses against BA.4/5, and B‐cell responses against SARS‐CoV‐2 wild‐type did not differ statistically between the Hybrid‐6M and Vx4 groups. The humoral and cellular immune responses of the Hybrid‐6M group against BA.4/5 were comparable to those of the Vx4 group. Individuals who had been boosted and had an Omicron infection in early 2022 may not have high priority for an additional vaccination.


Tudor domain‐containing proteins (Tudor proteins), which recognize and bind to methyl‐arginine/lysine residues, play important roles in diverse epigenetics, gene expression and the regulation of various small RNAs. Using the complete set of 23 Tudor proteins from Drosophila, together with the available functional information, we propose a putative link for different types of Tudor domains (histone‐binding, SMN and SND1) and the four functional groups of Tudor proteins (Group 1, binding the methyl‐lysine/arginine of histone tails; Group 2, binding the methyl‐RG/RA box of ligand; Group 3, binding the methyl‐RG/RA box of microRNPs; and Group 4, binding the methyl‐RG/RA box of PIWI proteins). Tudor domain types are distinguished by the nature of the sequence flanking the canonical Tudor domains. Sequence analysis indicates that Tudor domains experienced stepwise transit from one type to another during evolution. Tudor proteins of Group 4, collectively representing the great majority of Tudor proteins in Drosophila, are characterized by multiple Tudor domain repeats, which might be required for associating with several molecules of the same germ granule components. Tudor domain, a segment of approximately 60 amino acid residues, has been found in fungi, protozoa, unicellular eukaryota, plants and metazoa but not in the Guillardia theta nucleomorph. Similar frequencies of Tudor‐containing genes (Tudor genes) among vertebrates and the frequent occurrence of orthologues among vertebrates, along with similar observations within arthropods suggest that Tudor genes are inherited largely vertically during evolution within different phylogenetic lineages.


The article presents some theoretical elements of a new understanding about the role of the young people for the initiation of intergenerational family business. It is expected these new elements to be the mainstay of some further international scientific research on the development of small family business through intergenerational linkages and sets.


The paper reports on efforts of the Periodicals Librarian at Long Island University's Brooklyn Campus, a mid-sized urban institution, to measure the awareness of open access (OA) publishing among faculty and document methods that proved effective in raising awareness of the advent of, and debate over, OA publishing. The author reports his survey findings; interprets their implications; reports on the means available at LIU to promote OA and those that proved worthwhile; notes the departmental and committee relationships integral to the process; proposes ideas for future initiatives at LIU/Brooklyn. The findings in the paper will add to the body of literature on OA by focusing on LIU's academic culture in the context of the OA endeavor.


COVID-19 is the greatest humatarian challenge the world has faced and effected agriculture and allied sectors. The study was carried out to know the Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on farmers and allied sectors in terms of Social, Economic, Psychological, Situational parameters. The Google form Questionnaire was used to collect the information from randomly selected 120 farmers of Nalgonda district. It was observed that non-celebration of important events (98.33%), high labour wages coupled with low market price of horticulture produce drastically affected the farmers returns (85%) and majority of farmers had fear of increasing debts due to low market price of produce (80%) and non availability of agriculture labour for performing field operations (70%) etc. were the major Social, Economic, Psychological and Situational effects on farmers respectively. In case of impact on agriculture and allied sectors, despite the problem few of the farmers adopted alternative mechanism of door-to-door supply of fruits and vegetables, few of the villagers aggregated their vegetable produce and marketed to nearby local towns and cities. Majority of the farmers found that technology driven advisories issued by KVK, Kampasagar, Nalgonda District has helped the farmers to tackle the problems timely.


In this paper, presented a ground plane effect performance of an array 2 × 1 Ice Cream Cone UWB Antenna for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) communication is being proposed. The antenna designs have been simulated using CST Microwave Studio. The antenna covers the UWB spectrum from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, and had a return loss below than 10 dB throughout the entire band. The basic antenna analysis has been done including the analysis of antenna performance due to ground plane effect. A compact antenna area of 70 × 80 mm2 is obtained. The material used is FR-4 epoxy glass substrate that has dielectric constant, εr= 4.4 and the dielectric thickness; h=1.6mm. The antenna also gives omni directional radiation characteristics with reasonable gain values over the same frequency band.


There has been much discussion in scholarly literature as to whether or not civil society exists in Russia. Some argue that, due to its totalitarian past, Russia lacks the networks of interpersonal trust and state-independent voluntary organizations necessary for the emergence of a vibrant civil society. Others find that the inflexibility and inertia which citizens encounter in political institutions has resulted in a new form of civil society with greater emphasis on smaller units of cooperation between family and friends. However, it turns out to be no simple matter to determine who is right. Even a fleeting glance at the literature makes clear that no clear conception of civil society exists. This paper seeks to transcend this war of words by approaching the problem in a different way. There may be no consensus as to a definition of civil society. Yet it would not be difficult to reach agreement on some set of regimes that would be widely, ir not universally recognized as possessing a vital civil society. Civil society refers to a significant measure of autonomy from government. Where civil society is robust, society or parts of it mobilize to resist and oppose attempts of governments to exceed established boundaries of legitimacy. Such boundaries may differ from one society to another. So may be the mechanisms by which society resists illegitimate government incursions. However, regimes under which society regularly demonstrates its autonomy can be identified. Their typical government-resisting behaviour can be observed and objectively described. We will attempt to assess the state of civil society in Russia by keeping such regimes in view.


The project investigated the impact of stresses, both natural and imposed on aquatic invertebrates in Dandenong Creek and Darebin Creek, two Melbourne streams drastically affected by residential development. Results indicated that the invertebrates were adversely affected by poor water quality, and habitat modifications such as stream straightening and flow regulation.


alisation and allow protracted interaction of the mineralised system with the water table, resulting in considerable subsequent supergene enrichment (McInnes et al. 2005). The sub-economic Kassiteres porphyry – epithermal system is a key exemplar of post-collisional porphyry – epithermal mineralisation (Voudouris et al. 2006). Kassiteres is hosted by an Oligocene pluton within the Maronia Magmatic Corridor, and lies 10 km south of the Kechros Fault, a basal detachment of the Rhodope Metamorphic Core Complex. High-precision U–Pb zircon ages, in combination with detailed field observations and Al-in-hornblende geobarometry, suggest an exhumation rate for Kassiteres of >5 mm/yr; up to an order of magnitude higher than typically observed in porphyry – epithermal systems. Widespread argillic alteration and blank quartz-magnetite veining is observed over an area of at least 4 km with localised acid vents and Si-lithocaps suggesting considerable interaction between the wallrock, hydrothermal fluids, meteoric waters and the atmosphere. We propose that the extremely rapid exhumation of this system during porphyry emplacement led to a transition from intrusive to eruptive magmatism. As a result, the mineralising fluid was dispersed through the overlying highly permeable pyroclastic units leading to a breached porphyry system and the observed, sub-economic mineralisation.


In the autumn of1730, David Dunbar, the Surveyor General of Woods for the British Government, visited Maine, the eastern frontier of Massachusetts. His purpose was to inspect whether "the White Pine Act" was being observed. This act, which prohibited cutting certain sizes of white pines in New England, besides those belonging to private properties granted before1691, was enacted by the British Parliament to reserve white pines for the use of the British Navy. Although Dunbar intended to admonish the mill owners to observe the Act, he found himself dismayed as soon as he visited the area. For example, there were a very small number of persons in the region surrounding Casco Bay, but the lands were "generally called private property". When Dunbar ordered the mill owners owning lands to present something to prove their title, almost all of them refused. And the patent some of them showed him with reluctance was one which the Governor of the New England Dominion, Edmund Andros, granted in1688. When Dunbar pointed out to the owner "the reserves


Testosterone deficiency is strongly associated with erectile dysfunction (ED). Inadequate penile arterial flow is one of the major causes of ED. Considering that blood flow to the corpus cavernosum is derived from the internal pudendal arteries (IPA), we hypothesized that castration induces impairment of IPAs reactivity and structure, contributing to ED. Male Wistar rats were studied 30 days after castration (Cast). Functional and structural properties of rat IPA were determined in wire and pressure myograph systems, respectively. Castrated rats exhibited impaired erectile function, represented by decreased intracavernosal pressure/mean arterial pressure ratio [ICP/MAP (sham = 0.5 ± 0.1; castrated = 0.2 ± 0.1; 20 Hz. p <0.05)]. Castrated rats exhibited decreased phenylephrine (Phe)- [(% Kcl) Control: 175.4 ± 4.6 vs Cast: 134,9 ± 11; Emax] and electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced contraction [(% Kcl) Control: 213,0 ± 7.1 vs Cast: 137 ± 6.1; 12Hz] and decreased acetylcholine (ACh)- (Control: 79.7 ± 2.2 vs Cast: 49.8 ± 2.8; Emax) and EFS-induced vasodilatation (Control: 54.6 ± 2.1 vs Cast: 35.5 ± 1.6; 12hz). IPAs from Cast rats exhibited decreased internal diameter [Control (μm): 499.9 ± 35.9 vs Cast: 413.0 ± 14.8; 60 mmHg], external diameter [Control (μm): 669.4 ± 40.1 vs Cast: 552.0 ± 30.0; 60 mmHg], thickness of the arterial wall [Control (μm): 81.2 ± 6.4 vs Cast: 55.8 ± 7.5; 80 mmHg] and cross-sectional area [Control (μm2): 157217 ± 12533 vs Cast: 116383 ± 12424; 30 mmHg]. Castration decreased nNOS expression (60%) and increased p38 (Thr180/Tyr182) phosphorylation (450%), as well as cleavage of caspase 3 (270%). In conclusion, testosterone deficiency is associated with impairment of IPA reactivity and structure and increased apoptosis signalling markers. Our findings suggest that hypogonadism may contribute to IPA dysfunction, which can leads to ED. Financial support: FAPESP and CNPq.


The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and its inverse transform (IFFT) processor are key components in many communication systems. An optimized implementation of the 8-point FFT processor with radix-2 algorithm in R2MDC architecture is presented in this paper. The butterfly — Processing Element (PE) used in the 8-FFT processor reduces the multiplicative complexity by using a real constant multiplication in one method and eliminates the multiplicative complexity by using add and shift operations in other proposed method. The pipeline architecture R2MDC has been implemented with the 8-point module and simulation results show that this module significantly achieves a better performance with lower resource usage.


), has carried out rescue digs of all kinds. He is at present preparing his doctoral thesis on the petrography of polished stone axes. The discovery of the stone axe-fmtmy of Sklidin in the commune of Plussulien (C&es-du-Nord), the subject of this article, is the result of work done in this field; work that was begun by Professor P.-R. G o t and Professor J. Cognk in 1949. Following


Eleven hybrids and one check variety of sunflower were evaluated for their stability of seed yield and five other metric traits in rainfed vertisol over years. The genotypes showed significant differences among them over environments and genotype x environment interaction was significant for all the characters viz, plant height, head diameter, number of leaves per plant, days to maturity and seed yield except days to 50% flowering. AH 1, AH 3, AH 4, AH 6, and AH 8 are desirable hybrids for adverse environments and head diameter and number of leaves can serve as useful selection indices.


The invention discloses a glass fiber composite which is prepared from the raw materials in parts by weight: 61-64 parts of SiO2, 0.2-0.3 parts of Fe2O3, 2.1-2.8 parts of Al2O3, 1.6-2.5 parts of B2O3, 30-32 parts of CaO, 3-5 parts of MgO3, 0.8-1.2 parts of KO, 0.3-0.5 parts of NaO, 0.2-0.9 parts of LiO and 2.0-2.5 parts of TiO2. The glass fiber composite has an extremely high alkaline resistance property and can be used in cement as an addition agent to effectively enhance the alkaline resistance property of the cement, thereby widening an application scope.


We propose a cam based assistive content perusing system to help blind persons read content names and item bundling from hand-held questions in their day by day lives. To confine the item from jumbled foundations or other encompassing protests in the cam view, we first propose a proficient and compelling movement based system to characterize a locale of investment (return for capital invested) in the feature by asking the client to shake the article. This system concentrates moving article locale by a mixture-of-Gaussians-based foundation sub-footing strategy. In the removed return for capital invested, content restriction and recognition are directed to secure content data. To consequently confine the content districts from the item return for money invested, we propose a novel content limitation calculation by learning angle gimmicks of stroke introductions and circulations of edge pixels in an Adaboost model. Content characters in the confined content areas are then binarized and perceived by off-the-rack optical character distinguishment delicate product. The perceived content codes are yield to visually impaired clients in discourse. Execution of the proposed content limitation calculation is quantitatively assessed on ICDAR-2003 and ICDAR-2011 Strong Reading Datasets. Exploratory results exhibit that our calculation accomplishes the condition of human expressions. The verification of-idea model is additionally assessed on a dataset gathered utilizing ten visually impaired persons to assess the viability of the framework's equipment. We investigate client between face issues and survey strength of the calculation in removing and perusing content from distinctive articles with complex foundations.


This report reviews work on vibrational spectroscopy of N-donor ligand metal complexes from 2008–2013. The particular focus is on the examination of excited states using resonance Raman spectroscopy, transient resonance Raman spectroscopy and time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. The report describes some of the basic concepts around each technique and then highlights work from the review period that exemplifies the utility of each method. In addition tables are included that summarise the work using these methods over the review period.


The dilepton invariant mass spectra and integrated branching ratios of the single and double Dalitz decays P → l + l − γ and P → l + l − l + l − ( P = π 0 , η , η ′ ; l = e or μ ) are predicted by means of a data-driven approach based on the use of rational approximants applied to π 0 , η and η ′ transition form factor experimental data in the space-like region.


Tire for heavy vehicle having a tread (10) provided on one side of the equatorial median plane with a sculpture of a first type (1) and on the other side of the equatorial median plane with a sculpture of a second type (2), the first kind of tread pattern comprising at least three grooves (11, 12, 13) of circumferential general orientation, these grooves delimiting at least two ribs (111, 112, 113) of circumferential general orientation, these ribs being provided with a plurality of incisions (3) oriented transversely or substantially transversely, the second type of pattern comprising at least two grooves (21, 22) of generally circumferential orientation and a plurality of grooves (24, 25) orientation transverse general, these grooves delimiting a plurality of blocks (211, 212 of each type of sculpture, it is defined a hollow flux rate, this tread being characterized in that the rate surface trough of the first kind of sculpture is equal to the trough level of the second type of sculpture. Arrangements two tires on a steering axle of a heavy vehicle and arrangement of four tires on a driving axle of a heavy vehicle.


Pyrolysis is a new technology for scrap tires treatment and reuse. NATPC (non-activated tire-based pyrolytic char), the solid products from waste tire pyrolysis without subsequent activation procedure, was used in this paper to determine its potential ability as an adsorbent. The adsorption performance to Methylene Blue (MB) by NATPC was analyzed. Based on Uniform Design theory, the influence of pyrolysis parameters, temperature, heating rate, heating time and particle size were discussed. The adsorption of MB onto NATPC was conducted under different contact time, adsorbent dosage, MB concentration, pH and temperature. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were applied and the corresponding sorption constants were evaluated. The maximum amount of MB adsorbed was 53.41mg·g-1 at 20°C, which indicated NATPC can be used as an excellent adsorbent with good efficiency, simple manufacture and low cost.


A bstract . This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model to improve student learning outcomes. This research is important because the lecture learning model makes learning meaningless so it impacts on low learning outcomes. This research uses quasi experiment using control class and experimental class. Respondents in this study were students of class X SMK 8 Semarang Academic Year 2017/2018. Sample selection using random sampling, class X1 is used as a control class and X2 is an experimental class. The experimental class was given an intervention by learning Teams Games Tournaments (TGT), while the control class used lecture learning. The effectiveness of the model was measured by the student test analysis method. then analyzed by completeness test and average difference test. The findings of this study are the learning outcomes of experimental class students achieving better learning outcomes than classes using the lecture method. Keywords : Learning Model, Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) . Students Daftar Pustaka Bofota, Y. B., & Bofota, Y. B. (2017). The impact of social capital on children educational outcomes : the case of Tanzania The impact of social capital on children educational outcomes : The case of Tanzania . Cahuc, P., Shleifer, A., & Algan, Y. (2014). Teaching Practices and Social Capital . (6052). Catts, R., & Ozga, J. (2015). What is Social Capital and how might it be used in Scotland ' s Schools ? (36). Flint, N. (2017). Full report Schools , communities and social capital : building blocks in the ' Big Society ' Contents . Goddard, R. D. (2016). Relational Networks , Social Trust , and Norms : A Social Capital Perspective on Students ' Chances of Academic Success . 25 (1), 59–74. Eddy Prasongko, 2017. Team Game Tournament. Bandung. Jawa Barat Endang Poerwanti, dkk. 2008. Asesmen Pembelajaran SD. Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Hargreaves, A. (2015). School Social Capital and School Effectiveness . 37 , 119–136. Kurnia, Inggridwati. dkk. 2018. Perkembangan belajar peserta didik . Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Purwanto. M Ngalim. 2015. Psikologi Pendidikan . Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya Siddiq, M. Djauhar. 2018. Pengembangan Bahan Pembelajaran SD . Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. Sugiyono, 2005. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan Rn D, Bandung Aftabeta Lash, D., & Belfiore, G. (2017). 5 Essentials in Building Social Capital Report 4 of the MyWays Student Success Series . (October). Mikiewicz, P., Jonasson, J. T., Gudmundsson, G., Blondal, K. S., & Korczewska, D. M. (2011). Comparative research between Poland and Iceland . Schlesselman, L., Borrego, M., Bloom, T. J., Mehta, B., Drobitch, R. K., & Smith, T. (2015). An Assessment Of Service-Learning In 34 US Schools Of Pharmacy Follow Up On The 2001 Professional Affairs Committee Report. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education , 79 (8). https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe798116


Wild waterfowl are considered the natural reservoir of influenza A viruses. The recent outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in Asia which has now spread as far as Africa highlights the importance of defining the influenza virus gene pool in these birds and understanding the potential role played by migratory waterfowl in such HPAI outbreaks. Seventy-three influenza viruses were isolated from 16,724 samples collected from feral waterfowls or their fecal droppings during 2003-7 at Mai Po Marshes and Lok Ma Chau in Hong Kong. A diversity of influenza viruses representing hemagglutinin subtypes of H1, H2, H4, H5, H6, H7, H8, H9, H10 and H11; neuramidinase subtypes of N1, N2, N3, N4, N6, N7, N8 and N9, were isolated. Seventy-two of these 73 positive isolates were collected during the winter period coinciding with the southern migration of waterfowl along the East Asian flyway. No HPAI H5N1 viruses were isolated from healthy birds sampled in this study, though H5N1 viruses have been isolated from dead wild birds found in Hong Kong. Phylogenetic analyses of the HA gene of the H5 viruses isolated in the study showed that they clustered with other LP H5 viruses isolated from Hokkaido, Mongolia and Siberia but they seemed not to be very closely related to the HP H5N1. Six of 150 blood sample collected from wild ducks and one of 43 from shorebirds were tested to have antibody by neutralization tests for H5 subtype hemagglutinin.


horn sculpin is actuated by contractions of the deep cranioclavicular muscles on both sides. The resulting periodic movements of the pectoral girdle are believed to produce the actual sound vibrations of th; surrounding medium. The previously suggested source of the vibrations, pectoral-pelvic girdle stridulation ( 2 ), was disproved by amputating the pelvic girdle, without injury to the pectoral girdle, in three specimens. For more than 24 hours after the operation, all three fish readily produced apparently normal sounds. In the absence of antagonistic muscles for the production of a reciprocating movement, it is suggested that the deep muscles produce unidirectional movement and that the return movement is produced by the elastic nature of the pectoral-girdle articulations. Further analysis of the sculpin soundproducing mechanism is in progress. The preliminary results from this species suggest that analogous electrophysiological techniques may assist in providing positive identification of un8nown-soundmaking structures in other species. SAULB. BARBER* WILIIAMH. MOWBRAY Narragansett Marine Laboratory, C'rriveisity of Khode Island, Kingston


In wireless research area, efficient routing algorithms can provide remarkable benefits in Ad-hoc networks, including higher throughput, lower average end-to-end delay, less number of dropped data packets and generally an ameliorated network performance. Many routing protocols for such networks have been proposed so far. My research work, an attempt has been made to compare the performance of three prominent on-demand reactive routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks: DSR and AODV, along with the traditional proactive DSDV protocol. A simulation analysis with MAC and physical layer models is used to study interlayer communication and their performance implications. Experimental results obtained, showed that the On-demand protocols, AODV and DSR perform much better than the table-driven DSDV protocol. Although DSR and AODV share similar On-demand behavior, the differences in the protocol mechanics can lead to significant performance differentials. For a variety of scenarios, as characterized by mobility, load and size of the ad-hoc network were simulated. The performance differentials are analyzed using varying network load, mobility pattern, and Network size.


In modern cosmology, the precision of the theoretical prediction is increasingly required. In cosmological $N$-body simulations, the effect of higher-order Lagrangian perturbation on the initial conditions appears in terms of statistical quantities of matter density field. We have considered the effect of third-order Lagrangian perturbation (3LPT) on the initial conditions, which can be applied to Gadget-2 code. Then, as statistical quantities, non-Gaussianity of matter density field has been compared between cases of different order perturbations for the initial conditions. Then, we conclude that we should apply the initial conditions with 3LPT for predictions of precision cosmology,


Abstract : Energy-level and Grotrian diagrams were completed for all stages of ionization of manganese. Funds were provided under this grant to permit completion of the energy-level and Grotrian diagrams for the element manganese in all stages of ionization. Such drawings were to extend the series of volumes dealing with the pictorial representations of data gathered from atomic spectroscopy. Previous work along this line led to the publication of two volumes and an addendum volume; a third volume is now in the final stages of publication. It is a pleasure to report that the manganese project has now been finished. All the drawings have been inked and corrected. The text which is to accompany the drawings is currently being prepared; all systems through Mn VII have been described and the relevant references summarized. In addition, certain mechanical work having to do with the clarity of representation of the data is in progress.


Abstract : Under suitable conditions, monitored natural attenuation (MNA) can be a cost-effective strategy for restoring contaminated aquifer systems either as a stand-alone technology or in combination with other engineered remedial actions. However, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidance specifically requires MNA to achieve site-specific cleanup objectives within a reasonable time frame. Thus, it is necessary to provide estimates of cleanup times whenever MNA is proposed as part of a cleanup strategy. In response, a screening tool NAS was developed for estimating time of remediation (TOR) for MNA with varying degrees of source area remediation. NAS is designed to make complex analytical and numerical solutions of the TOR problem accessible to remedial project managers (RPM) and their contractors using site-specific remediation objectives. Conventional screening tools for MNA are not designed to address source zone remediation options or simulation plume reduction. The Natural Attenuation Software tool was co-developed by the U.S. Navy, USGS, and Virginia Tech. NAS consists of a combination of computational tools implemented in three main interactive modules to provide estimates for: (1) target source concentration required for a plume extent to contract to regulatory limits, (2) time required for contaminants in the source area to attenuate to a predetermined target source concentration, and (3) time required for a plume extent to contract to regulatory limits after source reduction. Natural attenuation processes that NAS models include are advection, dispersion, sorption, non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) dissolution, and biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, or any userspecified contaminants or mixtures. The objective of this demonstration is to evaluate the NAS capability to provide reasonable estimates of MNA cleanup time frames in a variety of environments and sites throughout the United States.


Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates from Daping Hospital to antimicrobial agents commonly used during 2008.Methods Disk diffusion method was performed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility.Data was analyzed by WHONET 5.4 software.Results A total of 3 303 clinical isolates were colleted,including gram-positive cocci 35.5 %(1 173/3 303)and gram-negative bacilli 64.5%(2 130/3 303).The top ten pathogens from non-ICU patients were P.aeruginosa,coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,E.coli,Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae,S.aureus,Enterococcus spp,Burkholderia cepacia,Enterobacter cloacae,Xanthomonas maltophilia..The top five pathogens from ICU patients were Acinetobacter baumannii,Burkholderia cepacia,coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,S.aureus,Klebsiella pneumoniae.The prevalence of MRSA in ICU and Non-ICU were 76.9% and 54.9%.The prevalence of MRCNS in ICU and Non-ICU were 87.3% and 66.3%.None of gram-positive cocci was found resistant to glycopeptides.The prevalence of ESBLs-producing E.coli was 77.5% and 49.2% in ICU and Non-ICU.The prevalence of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was 49.5% and 38.4% in ICU and Non-ICU.The Acinetobacter baumannii and P.aeruginosa isolated from ICU patients were more resistant to the commonly used antimicrobial agents than those isolated from Non-ICU patients.Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli were dominant isolates in our hospital during 2008,Carbapenems are highly active against to Enterobacteriaceae.Non-fermentative microorganisms are increasing with heavy resistance.ICU than non-ICU isolates of serious resistance,detection rate of multiple drug-resistant strains of high,The isolates from ICU patients are more resistant than those isolated from non-ICU patients.


Problem statement. The article is aimed at determining the characteristics of the specialty in the study of subjects provided by the educational program. The purpose of the article is to highlight the main problems in learning related to the process of mastering the profession and its branches. As the specialty is quite wide due to a set of problems, teachers and students do not have the necessary materials. Training of future specialists in the changing modern conditions, especially with the expansion of the non-productive sphere, poses new tasks for teachers of specialized universities. The article meets the requirements of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine for scientific articles. Purpose. The specialty (civil security) and its integral part, labor protection, are an integral part of educational programs for the training of specialists at the bachelor's level of higher education. The purpose of the article and specialty − to identify opportunities to provide competencies needed to ensure effective management of civil safety and labor protection in the organization, creating students' sense of responsibility for personal and collective security, awareness of the importance of implementing regulatory conditions in the workplace and production. Conclusions. The study of disciplines is to provide students with knowledge, skills and abilities to effectively solve professional problems, taking into account the requirements of civil safety and labor protection, ensuring the safety, health and efficiency of workers in various fields of professional activity, including non-productive sphere, safety and labor protection. In order to fulfill the set tasks, the competence approach in the educational program of the Bachelor of Civil Security and the use of modern methodological approaches to professional training should be used in teaching.


The utility model discloses a semi-automatic hot drilling plan machine, which includes a feed mechanism arranged on a machine frame, a plan bonding mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a receiving mechanism, as well as an automatic control circuit board and a control panel mounted inside a machine platform, wherein the feed mechanism, the plan bonding mechanism, the cutting mechanism and the receiving mechanism are arranged and mounted on the machine frame in sequence from left to right or from right to left. The utility model combines the construction of the mechanical structure with the control of the automatic control circuit, realizes the whole process including automatic hot paper feeding, automatic hot paper separation, automatic hot plan cutting and automatic receiving, saves manpower, improves labor efficiency, and further reduces labor cost.


Background : COVID-19 infection in pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of progression 99 to severe disease, but vaccine uptake by pregnant women is hindered by persistent safety 100 concerns. COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy has been shown to reduce stillbirth, but its 101 relationship with preterm birth is uncertain. Objective : The aim of this study was to measure the rate of COVID-19 vaccine uptake 103 among women giving birth in Melbourne, Australia, and to compare perinatal outcomes by 104 vaccination status. Study design : Retrospective multicenter cohort study occurring after the June 2021 106 government recommendations for mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy. Routinely 107 collected data from all 12 public maternity hospitals in Melbourne were extracted on births 108 > 20 weeks' gestation from 1 st July 2021 to 31 March 2022. Maternal sociodemographic 109 characteristics were analyzed from the total birth cohort. Perinatal outcomes were 110 compared between vaccinated and unvaccinated women for whom weeks 20-43 of 111 gestation fell entirely within the 9-month data collection period. The primary outcomes 112 were the rates of stillbirth and preterm birth (spontaneous and iatrogenic) in singleton 113 pregnancies of at least 24 weeks gestation, after exclusion of congenital anomalies. 114 Secondary perinatal outcomes included the rate of congenital anomalies among infants 115 born > 20 weeks gestation; and birthweight < 3 rd centile and newborn intensive care unit 116 (NICU) admissions among infants born without congenital anomalies at > 24 weeks 117 gestation. We calculated the adjusted odds ratio of perinatal outcomes among vaccinated 118 versus unvaccinated women using inverse propensity score weighting regression 119 adjustment with multiple covariates; p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.


The 3D extinction and structure are studied for the Taurus, Orion, Perseus, and California molecular clouds based on the LAMOST spectroscopy. Stellar color excess is calculated with the intrinsic color index derived from the atmospheric parameters in the LAMOST DR8 catalog and the observed color index in the Gaia EDR3 and the 2MASS PSC. In combination with the distance from the Gaia EDR3 parallax, the 3D dust extinction maps are retrieved in the color excesses EGBP,GRP and EJ,KS with an uncertainty of ∼0.03 mag and ∼0.07 mag respectively. The extinction maps successfully separate the clouds that overlap in the sky area and manifest the structure of the individual cloud. Meanwhile, a bow-like structure is found with a distance range from 175 to 250 pc, half of which is a part of the Per-Tau Shell in similar coordinates and distance while the other half is not. Three low-extinction rings are additionally discovered and briefly discussed.


Through process control, from BOF down to finishing lines, has been developed and implemented. It features real time on line control of defects, risk assessment and the prediction of the mechanical properties. This innovative process control makes it possible to reduce drastically the standard work load of the Metallurgy and Quality Department. The experienced staff can then be appointed new ambitious objectives towards the industrial excellence: "The right product at the right time for the right cost", "Meeting customer needs" and "Respect the firm's economic objectives". To achieve this, business organization must be adapted. Key factors are intelligent listening to the final customer needs and process route optimization from the BOF to our customer facilities, paying particular attention to synergies between the hot and the cold mills.


Four fullerene dyads with different cabazole units, named a, b, c, d, were studied by using a femtosecond laser with 780nm wavelength using Z-scan methods. Interestingly, all of them show strong two-photon induced excitedstate
absorption behaviors, which were observed firstly in femtosecond timescale. The values of their excited-state absorption cross-section were up to 6.07 × 10?18, 7.27 × 10?18, 3.86 × 10?18 and 4.51 × 10?18 cm?1 for a, b, c,
and d, respectively.


The first part of this paper describes Andres Bilbao conception of liberalism versus Keynesianism as variants of the economic theory that have inspired the economic policy of western countries during the 20th century. The political conditions that have allowed the viability of each option are highlighted, focusing on the transition to liberalism or economic orthodoxy since the 70's. The second part places the discussion on a broader context, the establishment of economics as a grammar that articulates social relations in modern times and based on the work of Andres Bilbao on classical authors such as Smith, Marx and Weber.


Multiple antenna systems MIMO (Multiple input multiple output) are widely used in LTE-Advanced mobile systems and in the IEEE 802.11 radioaccess standards. In the international standard of 3GPP for mobile communication systems 5G New Radio (Release 15), MIMO systems are regulated as a fundamental technology of the new Air interface. In this paper, we consider algorithms for quantization of information about the channel state using Grassmann manifolds, which significantly reduce the amount of channel state information required for transmission. The results of computer simulation allow to evaluate the noise immunity of precoding algorithms based on Grassmannian manifold quantization.


This article attempted to construct a multi-factor quantitative stock selection model, analyze the financial indicators and transaction data of listed companies in detail via the big data statistical test method, and to find out the alpha excess return relative to the market in the case of short stock index futures as a hedge in the Chinese market.


ABSTRACT The paper presents design of a 2×2 multiple input multiple output (MIMO) LTE Downlink using OFDM with 16-QAM scheme, operated in a spatial Multiplexing (SM) mode. An urban Microcell Winner channel model is assumed to investigate the performance of the system. The focus of this paper is to understand the effect of antenna spacing of end transceivers on the performance of 2×2 MIMO LTE Downlink. The performance parameters like Capacity, Throughput and Bit error rate are determined for different antenna spacing at Base station (BS) as well as at mobile station( MS) for single user. Further the quantitative superiority of closed loop MIMO over Open Loop MIMO is established and discussed. The results depicted in the paper could be of vital importance for commercial deployment of MIMO based systems to fulfill requirements of contemporary wireless baseband technology.


In the second of our series looking forward to the Scottish referendum in September, Brad MacKay writes that up until now business leaders have been less vocal in the debate as speaking out risks alienating different groups. If the polls begin to close, however, they may feel compelled to be more assertive about their positions on the debate.


We present the statistics of faint submillimeter/millimeter galaxies (SMGs) and serendipitous detections of a submillimeter/millimeter line emitter (SLE) with no multi-wavelength continuum counterpart revealed by the deep ALMA observations. We identify faint SMGs with flux densities of 0.1–1.0 mJy in the deep Band-6 and Band-7 maps of 10 independent fields that reduce cosmic variance effects. The differential number counts at 1.2 mm are found to increase with decreasing flux density down to 0.1 mJy. Our number counts indicate that the faint (0.1–1.0 mJy, or SFRIR ∼ 30–300 M☉ yr−1) SMGs contribute nearly a half of the extragalactic background light (EBL), while the remaining half of the EBL is mostly contributed by very faint sources with flux densities of <0.1 mJy (SFRIR ≲ 30 M☉ yr−1). We conduct counts-in-cells analysis with multifield ALMA data for the faint SMGs, and obtain a coarse estimate of galaxy bias, bg < 4. The galaxy bias suggests that the dark halo masses of the faint SMGs are ≲ 7 × 1012 M☉, which is smaller than those of bright (>1 mJy) SMGs, but consistent with abundant high-z star-forming populations, such as sBzKs, LBGs, and LAEs. Finally, we report the serendipitous detection of SLE-1, which has no continuum counterparts in our 1.2 mm-band or multi-wavelength images, including ultra deep HST/WFC3 and Spitzer data. The SLE has a significant line at 249.9 GHz with a signal-to-noise ratio of 7.1. If the SLE is not a spurious source made by the unknown systematic noise of ALMA, the strong upper limits of our multi-wavelength data suggest that the SLE would be a faint galaxy at z ≳ 6.


The paper discusses the approach to analytical calculation of the cogging torque in PM brushless motors. Magnetic field energy in the air gap has been used to calculate the torque. Two equations have been derived: with the PM width taken into account, and simplified equation, i.e., without the effect of the finite width of the PM. The effect of eccentricity has been included too. Analytical results have been compared with laboratory test results.


The similarity solutions of the effect of variable viscosity on unsteady mixed convection boundary layer flow over a vertical surface embedded in a porous medium are obtained by using HAMAD formulations. Using HAMAD formulations the partial differential equations governing the flow and the heat transfer transform to ordinary differential equations. The fluid viscosity is assumed to vary as an inverse linear function of temperature T. Numerical results for the flow and heat transfer characteristics are obtained for various values of the mixed convection parameter e, the unsteady parameter A and the variable viscosity parameter θe. The numerical results for the steady case are calculated and compared with previous work.


The mortality rate is one of the most important criteria for assessing the health of the population. However, it is important to use analytical indicators correctly, especially when evaluating time series. The value of the "gross" mortality is closely linked with a specific weight of persons of elderly and senile ages. All international publications (WHO, IARC, territorial cancer registers) assess the dynamics of morbidity and mortality only by standardized indicators that eliminate the difference in the age composition of the compared population groups. In Russia, from 1960 to 2017, the share of people of retirement age has increased more than 2 times. The structure of mortality from malignant tumors has changed dramatically. The paper presents the dynamics of gross and standardized mortality rates from malignant tumors in Russia and in all administrative territories. Shows the real success of the Oncology service. The medium-term interval forecast until 2025 has been calculated.


Cincau (Cyclea barbata) is a plant whose leaves can be squeezed thick for the contents of a drink. This plant is a species of the cyclea genus. Green grass jelly leaves are found in various places in Indonesia, from traditional markets to modern shopping centers. This plant is known as camcao (Javanese), camcauh (Sundanese), juju, kepleng, krotok, tarawalu, tahulu (Malay). There are several types of grass jelly known today, namely green grass jelly, black grass jelly, and oil grass jelly. Indonesian people are fond of green grass jelly because the physical nature of green grass jelly leaves (Cyclea barbata) is thin and limp so that it is easier to form into gelatin or into gelatin. So far, research that examines quality improvement in the processing process has not been given much attention, because many think that the process currently carried out meets the standards. For this reason, through this research, efforts were made to improve the quality of Cyclea barbata leaves through the initial stages of the Cyclea barbata leaf processing process. The stalks and leaves of the henna must be separated from the beginning of the processing process before being processed further, so that the pure processed material comes from Cyclea barbata leaves which produce the best Cyclea barbata leaf powder, so that it is expected to produce quality Cyclea barbata leaf products. For that we need a separator for the leaves and stems of the Cyclea barbata plant. This research is needed to produce a design for separating the stem and leaves of the Cyclea barbata plant. The design of this tool needs to refer to the physical characteristics of the leaves and stems of the Cyclea barbata plant, so that power requirements are reduced and operational costs decrease.


Purpose
This study aims to propose iStage, i.e. an intelligent hybrid deep learning (DL)-based framework to determine the stage of the disaster to make the right decisions at the right time.

Design/methodology/approach
iStage acquires data from the Twitter platform and identifies the social media message as pre, during, post-disaster or irrelevant. To demonstrate the effectiveness of iStage, it is applied on cyclonic and COVID-19 disasters. The considered disaster data sets are cyclone Fani, cyclone Titli, cyclone Amphan, cyclone Nisarga and COVID-19.

Findings
The experimental results demonstrate that the iStage outperforms Long Short-Term Memory Network and Convolutional Neural Network models. The proposed approach returns the best possible solution among existing research studies considering different evaluation metrics – accuracy, precision, recall, f-score, the area under receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under precision-recall curve.

Originality/value
iStage is built using the hybrid architecture of DL models. It is effective in decision-making. The research study helps coordinate disaster activities in a more targeted and timely manner.


Gluema korupensis Burgt (Sapotaceae), a new species from the southern part of Korup National Park in Cameroon, is described and illustrated. In total 176 trees 2 25 cm in stem diam. were found. The tree from which the holotype was collected was 42 m high and 125 cm in diam.; the largest tree was 238 cm in diam. The seeds are dispersed ballistically and sometimes by water


Health care transportation costs have increased dramatically in the United States and in many developed countries. Public health programs in the U.S that includes the Medicare and Medicaid programs rely on nonemergency transport companies to provide access to health care providers and facilities for vulnerable populations. Spending on these services are expected to increase to over $4 Billion in coming years. Recent studies from government sources and other research finds that these programs have fraud and waste associated with providing the service. We find that much of the waste and fraud is a direct result of inefficiencies largely driven by outmoded legacy technology systems and further suggest that blockchain applications can mitigate fraud, waste and abuse while providing better access to care and improved health outcomes for vulnerable populations.


Please cite this paper as: Schaaf J, Mol B, Abu‐Hanna A, Ravelli A. Trends in preterm birth: singleton and multiple pregnancies in the Netherlands, 2000–2007. BJOG 2011; DOI: 10.1111/j.1471‐0528.2011.03010.x.


Introduction. Establishing a  diagnosis of COVID-19 requires technology and tools  that are quite sophisticated.  To establish the  diagnosis of COVID-19,  a technology and tool are needed that are able to identify the presence of genetic  material of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, the existence of  PCR  equipment cannot be spread   evenly  in various regions of Indonesia, because it is quite difficult to operate and requires laboratory facilities that adequate. The radiological image of  the  thorax is a promising supporting examination to  be developed as a supporting  examination to diagnose COVID-19.    This study aims to get an overview of  thoracic  radiological photos  of COVID-19 patients at Undata Hospital, Palu,  Indonesia.
Methods.  The study was  descriptive observational.   A total of  20  research subjects took part  in the study.  Observation  of  radiological images of the  thorax is presented univariately, in the form of  frequency distribution of  data with SPSS software.
Results.  Study subjects  with mild degrees of COVID-19, had  a normal thoracic  photo image. Meanwhile,  research subjects with moderate degrees of COVID-19 generally have a photo image of the  thorax in the form of infiltrate.  Study subjects  with  severe COVID-19  had  a photo image of the  thorax in the form of consolidated-ground glass opacity.
Conclusion.  The more severe the  degree of  COVID-19  in line with the  higher inflammation in  lung tissue, giving rise to a   radiological photo image of the   thorax  in the form of a consolidated-ground glass opacity image.