In their article, Andrea Kern and Henrike Moll (2017) argue in support of a certain vision of shared/collective intentionality and its role in understanding our cognitive capacities. This vision is based on two aspects: a negative one, i.e. a theoretical diagnosis of the contemporary debate on shared/collective intentionality, and a positive one, referring to the proposals for shared/collective intentionality. As regards the negative aspect, the main thesis concerns the arbitrary assumptions underlying the whole debate on shared/collective intentionality. According to Kern and Moll (2017), this assumption prevents us from capturing the transformative character of shared/collective intentionality and therefore the uniqueness of the human being. This paper is not so much a detailed criticism or discussion of said article, as rather an opportunity to formulate my own position in the colloquy with Kern and Mole's position. This approach states that understanding the transformative character of SI/CI requires taking into account a broader approach to the constitution of the mind, in which, apart from the personal and the sub-personal level of explanation, there is also a third level of explanation  the interpersonal level of explanation. Thus understood, Received March 25, 2019. Revised December 12, 2019. Published online February 19, 2020 © 2020 by Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń


As utilities switch coals and install equipment such as low NOx burners, this has usually been accompanied by an increase in fly ash LOI. Carbon levels have always been important for ash marketing as well as combustion efficiency considerations. The most widespread application for coal ash continues to be for cement replacement in ready-mix concrete. However, increases in carbon content can make the fly ash unsuitable for this high value market. The ASTM C618 specification limits LOI (loss on ignition) to 6%, largely because the higher LOI levels often result in discoloration, poor air entrainment, and segregation of mix components. Air entraining agents (AEA) are used to stabilize the small air bubbles which provide freeze-thaw resistance in concrete. The presence of higher carbon levels can adsorb these surfactants, often resulting in the need for undesirable large AEA dosages.


The aim of this investigation was the production of wear and corrosion resistant coatings on magnesium base alloys. In particular it was proposed to generate by laser layers which operate as cylinder liners in a magnesium engine block thus replacing the currently used cast iron cylinder liners used in aluminium engines. These layers were produced using a 10 kW CO 2 laser and powder mixtures of aluminium + copper, aluminium + silicon and an alloyed aluminium-silicon powder in the single step process. The properties of these layers were characterised by metallographic investigations such as optical and scanning electron microscope and hardness measurements. The corrosion resistance has been determined using a modified immersion test in sulphuric acid with drying cycles in air. These conditions are comparable to the conditions found in combustion engines where the layers are to be used. Positive results were obtained with respect to the microstructure formation. Intermetallic phases can ensure a good wear re...


This study investigated whether social position (e.g., gender, migration, family status), intrapersonal-level (e.g., online risk behaviors, motives of Internet use), interpersonal-level (e.g., victimization and bullying), family-level (e.g., parental mediation), and class-level (e.g., teachers' mediation, ethnic diversity) variables predict bias-based cybervictimization. Self-report questionnaires were completed by 1,018 Austrian adolescents (52.3% girls), aged 12 to 17 years ( X ¯ = 13.55, SD = 0.88). The logistic part of a multilevel zero-inflated Poisson model showed that higher levels of offline victimization and a higher proportion of immigrants in classes were predictors for students reporting at least one form of bias-based cybervictimization. The Poisson part of the model showed that being a girl, higher levels of cybervictimization, lower levels of avoiding online risks, and more discussions about media use with teachers in classes were predictors for students reporting a higher number of bias-based cybervictimization. Implications for prevention are discussed.


It has been observed that Mergers and Acquisitions (MA there are periods of high MA mergers on the other hand generate wealth losses for the acquiring firms across all periods.  It was also found that the overall movement in the stock market affects the magnitude of the gains/ losses of acquiring and target firms. Key Words: Mergers, Acquisitions, Shareholders Wealth, Event Study Methodology, India.


This paper deals with the issue of calculating daily Value-at-Risk (VaR) measures within an environment of thin trading. Our approach focuses on fixed income portfolios with low frequency of transactions in which the missing data problem makes VaR measures difficult to calculate. We propose and implement a methodology to calculate VaR measures with an incomplete panel of prices. The methodology is composed of three phases: Phase I, generates a complete panel of prices, using a term-structure dynamic model of interest rates. Phase II, calculates portfolio VaR measures with several alternative methods using the complete panel data generated in phase I. Phase III, shows how to back-test the VaR measures obtained in phase II using the original incomplete panel of prices. We provide an empirical implementation of the methodology for the Chilean fixed income market. The proposed methodology seems to provide reliable VaR measures for thinly traded markets addressing an important issue for financial risk management in emerging markets.


The purpose of this research is to find out the policy of structuring and collecting of advertisement tax in Surabaya city, the data is the primary data. The result of the research analysis shows that the potency of advertisement tax in Surabaya city is considered to be great considering the trading and business which is getting improved. Local Department of Revenue and Fiscal Management (DPPKD) of Surabaya, as the management of local financial management in carrying their tasks and functions is influenced by the environmental factor, both internal and external, and some barriers of tax collection both passive and active resistance. It has been found from the result of analysis taxpayers (WP) do not comply to pay the tax, it can be seen from many advertisements which are delinquent in paying tax on the research location. Based on the result of the research it can concluded that there are many taxpayers (WP) who do not comply to pay the tax, it can be seen from many advertisement which delinquent in paying tax on the research location, the socialization which has been done by Local Department of Revenue and Fiscal Management (DPPKD) of Surabaya is held once a year only, this socialization only discusses about the local own source revenue (PAD) which has been obtained on the previous years, so it is considered to be insufficient in providing information about advertisement tax and many taxpayers (WP) who do not attend to the event, therefore there are many taxpayers (WP) who do not know the information about the collection of Advertisement Tax, and the effectiveness level to the potency of the realization of the revenue of advertisement tax has not optimal yet, since it is influenced by some constraint factors such as Tax Avoidance (paying tax in credit), Tax Evasion (paying the advertisement tax under the real potency). Keywords: Advertisement Tax, Surabaya City and Effectiveness


An experimental study was carried out of periodically operated NOx (NO + NO 2 ) storage and reduction on a model Pt/BaO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst powder. The effect of the reductant (propylene) injection policy on time-averaged NOx conversion was evaluated in terms of feed composition and temperature, reductant pulse duration, and overall cycle time. Conditions giving time-averaged NOx conversions exceeding 90% were identified. The reluctant-to-oxidant ratio during the injection and the total cycle time are both found to be critical factors to achieve high conversion. The time-averaged conversion is bounded above and below by the steady-state conversions obtained with feeds having the same compositions as that during the rich and lean part of the cycle, respectively. For a fixed supply of propylene, short pulses of high concentration are much more effective than longer pulses of reduced concentration. The NOx conversion achieves a maximum value at an intermediate overall cycle time when the propylene pulse of fixed duty fraction is net reducing. High conversions are sustained over a wide temperature window (200-400°C). A simple storage-reduction cycle is proposed that elucidates the main findings in the study. The key factor for high NOx conversion is the temporal production of oxygen-deficient conditions coupled with high catalyst temperatures, both resulting from the intermittent catalytic oxidation of propylene.


This paper is a humble attempt to get a bird's eye view on Bharati Mukherjee's Desirable Daughters by examining exclusively and obsessively the problems faced by the south Asian Immigrant women, especially Indian women immigrants as dealt with by her with an emphasis on Diasporas experiences and double identifications that do constitute hybrid forms of identity and to show how such forms of identity differ from the essential notion of national and ethnic identity. It beautifully reveals how she represents in her novels the women's struggle to attain a selfhood especially in cross-cultural crisis by portraying a protagonist who not only craves to establish her own identity against the tradition. This paper also makes the readers understand to know how in Desirable Daughters, Mukherjee considers different pattern of belonging in the global perspectives from in-between temporality to assimilative permanence and further, hyphenated an unmixed nationness.


Contents: Introduction, Sarah Hibberd and Richard Wrigley Hearing through the eye in eighteenth-century French Opera, David Charlton Nihil per saltum: chiaroscuro in eighteenth-century lyric theatre, Mark Darlow Musical mutualism: David, Degotti and operatic painting, Mark Ledbury Music, theatre, and the Gothic imaginary: visualising the a "Bleeding Nuna (TM), Thomas Grey Belshazzara (TM)s Feast and the operatic imagination, Sarah Hibberd Romantic painters as costumiers: the stage as pictorial battlefield, Olivia Voisin Delaroche off stage, Stephen Bann Performers and spectators: viewing Delaroche, Patricia Smyth Delaroche and the drama of history: gesture and impassivity from The Children of Edward IV to Marie-Antoinette at the Tribunal, Beth S. Wright Playing with excess: Maria Malibran as Clari at the ThA(c)A tre Italien, CA(c)line Frigau Manning All mixed up: Etienne-Jean DelA(c)cluze and the thA(c)A tral in art and criticism, Richard Wrigley Bibliography Index.


In particular, gas-tight locking to a valve, with a locking device (3) for the locking means (3) in the closed position of the valve opening (1), wherein the locking means (3) during the closing process from a first position of maximum opening starting at least the at least one actuator in a first portion of the link in a direction so as to having a linear motion component (22) towards its closed position (4) is moved, and for having locking means (3) of the moving components of the actuator movement (4) embodiment of the closing stroke with linear stroke direction (23), wherein the actuator (4) with respect to the locking device (3) thus being arranged such blocking means on a first portion of the segment starting from a first position of maximum opening is provided between (3) a linear motion component (22) and the actuator (4) of the linear stroke direction (23) has a non-0 ° and the angle of 180 °.


THE INVENTION CONCERNS A DEVICE FOR SCREENING RECURSIF SIGNAL COMPOSITE VIDEO. According to the Invention, IT INCLUDES AN INPUT TERMINAL FOR APPLICATION 10 SIGNAL COMPOSITE VIDEO ; MEANS CALIBRAGECOMBINAISON 20 TERMINAL WITH FIRST ENTRY TERMINAL CONNECTED TO 10, WITH INPUT TERMINAL AND SECOND WITH OUT TERMINAL OR IS AVAILABLE ONE WAY RECURSIVE FILTER SIGNAL; A WAY WITH DELAY 26 COUPLED INPUT TERMINAL TERMINAL EXIT 20 AND MIDDLE WITH TERMINAL EXIT THE MIDDLE 26 DELAYING THE SIGNAL WHICH IS ESSENTIALLY AN APPLIED IMAGE PERIOD; AND MEDIUM 28 WITH TERMINALS INPUT AND OUTPUT COUPLED RESPECTIVELY TERMINAL OUTPUT BY 26 AND THE SECOND TERMINAL INPUT BY 20 TO APPLY SIGNAL COMPOSITE VIDEO DELAYED BY 20 WHICH IS DELAYED CONNECTION SIGNAL TO COMPOSITE VIDEO INPUT SUBSTANTIALLY BUT NOT EXACTLY A PERIOD IMAGE. THE iNVENTION APPLY ESPECIALLY TELEVISION.


Food reformulation aimed at improving the nutritional properties of food products has long been viewed as a promising public health strategy to tackle poor nutrition and obesity. This paper presents a review of the empirical evidence (i.e., modelling studies were excluded) on the impact of food reformulation on food choices, nutrient intakes and health status, based on a systematic search of Medline, Embase, Global Health and sources of grey literature. Fifty‐nine studies (in 35 papers) were included in the review. Most studies examined food choices (n = 27) and dietary intakes (n = 26). The nutrients most frequently studied were sodium (n = 32) and trans fatty acids (TFA, n = 13). Reformulated products were generally accepted and purchased by consumers, which led to improved nutrient intakes in 73% of studies. We also conducted two meta‐analyses showing, respectively, a −0.57 g/day (95%CI, −0.89 to −0.25) reduction in salt intake and an effect size for TFA intake reduction of −1.2 (95% CI, −1.79 to −0.61). Only six studies examined effects on health outcomes, with studies on TFA reformulation showing overall improvement in cardiovascular risk factors. For other nutrients, it remains unclear whether observed improvements in food choices or nutrient intakes may have led to an improvement in health outcomes.


Radiation curing is an established technology used in many industrial manufacturing processes. New applications and technical specifications stimulate the continuous development of tailor-made photoinitiators which can efficiently meet specific requirements. A new class of radical photoinitiators,
 bisacylphosphine oxides (BAPO), give four initiating radicals per photoinitiator molecule and undergo photo-bleaching of the low-energy absorption band. These features make the compounds highly efficient for radiation curing of highly opaque white pigmented systems, thick coatings, or fiber-reinforced
 formulations.


A new algorithm for the velocity vector estimation of moving ships using Single Look Complex (SLC) SAR data in strip map acquisition mode is proposed. The algorithm exploits both amplitude and phase information of the Doppler decompressed data spectrum, with the aim to estimate both the azimuth antenna pattern and the backscattering coefficient as function of the look angle. The antenna pattern estimation provides information about the target velocity; the backscattering coefficient can be used for vessel classification. The range velocity is retrieved in the slow time frequency domain by estimating the antenna pattern effects induced by the target motion, while the azimuth velocity is calculated by the estimated range velocity and the ship orientation. Finally, the algorithm is tested on simulated SAR SLC data.


A stress analysis was performed on the LOFT pressurizer surge line (hereafter called the surge line) to determine if it met the requirements of the ASME BPV Code Section III, for Class 1 components. Dead weight, thermal expansion, seismic, design LOCE and LOCA loads were considered. After the addition of restraints (specified in letter, HIK-12-75, ''LOFT Pipe Hanger Requirements on Main Feed, Main Steam, Pressurizer, and ECC Systems,'' Nov. 24, 1975) the primary and secondary stress levels were found to be acceptable.


This paper is intended to preserve all that is of general interest from a more detailed account of physical properties written for the shipboard report. The measurements described here were undertaken in the hope that they would be relevant to the results of the Oblique Seismic Experiment and interest in them waned when damage to the ship made it impossible to carry out that experiment. The compressional wave velocities (VP) obtained are summarized in Figure 1. They fall comfortably within the normal range of similar laboratory measurements made on submarine lavas and show the usual approximately linear relations to density and porosity. There was no evidence of consistent anisotropy. The calculated grain densities enable these basalts to be divided into two groups and the divisions correspond with divisions based on lithology and chemistry. Because specimens for laboratory measurements must be drilled from blocks that are not cracked, and because the measurements are made with high frequency sound, it is not safe to assert that the histogram of Figure 1 necessarily represents the velocities with which seismic waves would traverse the lava pile.


This paper describes the application of an integrated pavement management optimization model that includes both Life-cycle assessment and Life Cycle Cost Analysis, on a road network. The objective of this paper is to find an optimal maintenance plan at the network level that minimizes the total cost to society, which is the sum of: (i) the environmental impact cost during the entire pavement life-cycle; (ii) agency costs (i.e. cost of pavement maintenance and improvement works); and (iii) user costs (or vehicle operating cost, VOC). The model explores the relative significance of each phase of a pavement Life-cycle assessment on the overall environmental footprint of a road, namely: (i) production of materials, (ii) transportation, (iii) placement and maintenance activities, (iv) usage, and (v) the end-of-life. The paper also shows how change in components such as traffic or unit price of CO2 may have an impact on the overall results.


Since the first demonstration of oxide TFT driving AM‐OLED, oxide TFT technology has attracted explosive interesting and has been developed for the mass production. The performance of oxide TFT has been verified and the remained issue is bias temperature stability. In this paper, we report the effect of interface process including channel and back channel on the oxide TFT performance in a top gate and a bottom gate structure. We also demonstrate transparent AM‐OLED driven by highly stable Al doped ZTO TFT.


Bohai offshore oilfield in China is characterized by high oil viscosity, strong reservoir heterogeneity and big inter-well distances, which leads to the breakthrough of injection water in deep reservoirs with poor sweep efficiency and development effect. To solve this problem, this paper evaluated the performance of self-adaptive microgel system (SMG), and introduced its application in field trial.
 The self-adaptive microgel is a kind of microsphere in various sizes with strong deformation ability. In this paper, the physical and chemical properties of the self-adaptive microgel are studied by means of metallographic microscope and the statistical principle. Also, the extreme permeability value of the self-adaptive microgel which allows it to flow though the core is determined through core flow experiments and the evaluation method of resistance factor and residual resistance factor. Furthermore, a long core is used to evaluate the fluid diversion ability of the self-adaptive microgel under the condition of constant speed and constant pressure flooding. Finally, a field trial case study of the self-adaptive microgel is analyzed.
 Experiment results suggest that the self-adaptive microgel has good water swelling properties, narrow particle size distribution, huge inaccessible pore volume and large accessible pore volume of its carrier fluid. When the self-adaptive microgel with micron and submillimeter particle size flow through the core and the injection pressure stays stable, the permeability limit is 237×10−3μm2 and 712×10−3μm2, respectively. Since the self-adaptive microgel enters larger pores and generates plugging effect, while its carrier liquid enters smaller pores and displaces oil. So it obtains combined effects of "plugging" and "flooding". Moreover, the oil increment of the self-adaptive microgel under constant pressure flooding is higher than that under constant speed flooding. The case study shows that self-adaptive microgel flooding can increase oil production and reduce water cut obviously, which obtains technical and economic success.
 Also, this paper preliminarily establishes a property evaluation method for the self-adaptive microgel, analyzes its mechanism and displacement effect. Furthermore, the field trial effect of self-adaptive microgel flooding is explored. In summary, the research results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the application of self-adaptive microgel flooding technology.


Premise of the study: Microsatellite markers were developed for Ilex kaushue (Aquifoliaceae), a medicinal plant with extremely small wild populations that exists in fragmented habitats, to assess and protect its genetic diversity. Methods and Results: Using 454 GS FLX Titanium sequencing, 16 microsatellite primer sets were isolated and characterized. Fifteen of these markers were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to nine across 22 individuals from both cultivated and wild populations. The observed and expected heterozygosity in these two populations ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 and from 0.000 to 0.785, respectively. Conclusions: These markers will be useful in studies on genetic diversity of I. kaushue.


Based on the Three Respresentative Thought the paper points out the importance to adhere to the right political orientation during the reform of SOEs.There are three points to emphasize,first,to understand the reform of SOEs from political as well as economic views;second,adhering to public Ownership Economy and upholding the leading role of the state owned Economy;third,reling whole heartedly on the working class.


The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina, by John Locke, 1669. Image from Wikimedia Commons. [2]The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina [3], called the "Grand Model," provided the form of government and society for the Carolina colony [4] from 1669 to 1698. The Lords Proprietors [5] of Carolina first issued the constitutions in 1669, then disseminated revisions in 1670, January 1682, August 1682, and 1698. The constitutions were suspended from 1693 to 1698.


No, We should not Learn to Live with Terrorism, we should Work toward a World without terrorism. I refuse to bow to the civilisation shock


1. Research background The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant triggered a massive evacuation of about 164,000 from the government-designated evacuation zone and its adjacent areas (Fukushima Prefecture, 2017). People have moved to different destinations with different temporal-spatial patterns. The population displacement has caused significant demographic impacts in the disaster-affected areas, particularly the disrupted population decline and the increasing aging population (Fukushima Prefecture, 2015). The demographic changes then accelerated labor shortage in the affected


GAMES creatively take place in imaginative worlds informed by, but often not limited by, real-world challenges, and this advantageously provides an accelerated environment for innovation, where concepts and ideas can be explored unencumbered by physical or conventional restrictions. This editorial considers the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in GAMES in the context of emerging systems seemingly beginning to exhibit artificial general intelligence (AGI) and where there is much fertile ground to be found in synthetic constrained worlds to explore, understand, and prepare for its increasing presence in our lives.


Economists involved in offering policy advice to developing countries have often expressed frustration at the extent to which political factors within developing countries have thwarted the implementation of effective economic reform. While the focus of economic policy in the first few decades after World War II was on overcoming market failures, since the 1970s the focus has been on overcoming government failures. This paper examines how politics interacts with economic policy, in particular to consider if the new political economy can help us to achieve the political reform that seems essential if economic reform programmes are to be effective. The conclusion is that economic advice, and advisers, must understand the political environment within which policies will be implemented.


The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges has achieved consensus on 12 alcohol competencies for all trainees, including the effects of alcohol and other drugs on the unborn child, children, and families.1 2 3

Risk and actual harm to health in family members …


The estimation of past population levels continues to be an important aspect of archaeological research. Here Antonio Curet offers new formulae for estimating prehistoric populations in lowland South America and the Caribbean using data derived from houses and settlements.


We formulate -fold supersymmetry in quantum mechanical systems with reflection operators. As in the cases of other systems, they possess the two significant characters of -fold supersymmetry, namely, almost isospectrality and weak quasi-solvability. We construct explicitly the most general one- and two-fold supersymmetric quantum mechanical systems with reflections. In the case of , we find that there are seven inequivalent such systems, three of which are characterized by three arbitrary functions having definite parity while the other four characterized by two arbitrary functions. In addition, four of the seven inequivalent systems do not reduce to ordinary quantum systems without reflections. Furthermore, in certain particular cases, they are essentially equivalent to the most general two-by-two Hermitian matrix two-fold supersymmetric quantum systems obtained previously by us.


There are several reports in the literature of infarction of the liver associated with hypoprothrombinemia, hemorrhagic manifestations and failure to respond to vitamin K therapy. All the patients have been adults. In 1930, Zimmerman described an instance of infarction of the liver in a newborn infant who died of traumatic intracranial injuries thirty-one hours after birth. No other hemorrhagic manifestations were noted clinically or at necropsy. Since studies of prothrombin were not performed, the relationship of cerebral hemorrhage to hypoprothrombinemia, so strongly stressed in recent literature, was not established in this instance. 1 We are reporting herein for the first time such an association of conditions in an infant, a newborn baby who during its six days of life exhibited severe hemorrhagic manifestations, hypoprothrombinemia and failure to respond to presumably adequate therapeutic dosages of vitamin K. At necropsy an extensive infarction of the liver was found. REPORT OF A CASE


RF-sputtered gallium tin zinc oxide (GSZO) thin films for application in transparent amorphous oxide semiconductors (TAOSs) have been investigated. Morphological, structural, electrical, optical properties and its mechanical robustness have been studied on polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrates using variety of characterization techniques. The films deposited on PEN substrates retained amorphous structure even after annealing for 12 hours in vacuum at 200°C. The optical band edge is ~ 3.3eV, greater than ZnO films. Best µ Hall of 3 cm 2 V -1 s -1 have been observed on annealed GSZO films at 200°C. The critical radii of bending improve from 14.5mm to 11mm with decreasing RF power of deposition from 90W to 80W, indicative of its suitability for flexible electronics.


The paper explored the Traditional knowledge of rural women on processing of Shotti (Curcuma angustifolia; FamilyZingiberaceae) - a rhizome based ethnic weaning food, its collection patterns and temporal availability in the Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal, India. The information on preparation of weaning food and medicinal uses is based on the exhaustive interviews with local healers, practicing traditional system of medicine and elderly rural women. This knowledge is mainly confined to native people of North Bengal especially to the women of Rajbansi ethnic group. Details of the plant, parts used, method of preparation, dosage and mode of administration have been reported.


With the popularity of the Internet, computer technology has been applied to various industries, which also requires us to deal with and manage the daily work of the computer. Therefore, data security has become an important issue, which will directly ensure the safe operation of computer Internet. Therefore, we must continue to strengthen the research of computer data security management system (hereinafter referred to as DSMS), which will better improve the security of computer data. Through the gradual improvement of reliability, data security technology has gradually met people's basic needs. However, for some special information, we must strengthen the data security management, which will prevent hackers and virus attacks. Through the DSMS, we can effectively prevent the leakage of sensitive data. Therefore, we must realize the effective management of computer data security, which needs to improve the corresponding system. By improving the computer operation ability, we can ensure the safe and reliable operation of the computer, which will bring users a safe and convenient service experience. In the new era, this paper mainly analyzes the key technology of DSMS. Then, this paper puts forward the implementation method.


In the article 'Chemokines in tumor progression and metastasis' by Tanaka et al. (Cancer Sci 2005; 96: 317–322), an incorrect version of Figure 1 was printed due to publisher error. The correct version of Figure 1 is below. Furthermore, the fourth author's name was incorrectly spelt in the title information. The correct name for the fourth author is Bo-Gie Yang. The publisher and authors apologise for these errors.


System simulation in industrial production and management is widely used,which is the important teaching content for the comprehensive development of agriculture university.In this paper,the main simulation methods and aims in system simulation application were summarized and the knowledge system and structure for the system simulation teaching in agricultural university was pointed out.


The invention discloses a plastic part water-based primer. The plastic part water-based primer comprises hydroxyl acrylic acid resin, 6-methanol etherification amino resin, paint, an addition agent and distilled water. The plastic part water-based primer comprises the following components in percent by weight: 45 to 55% of the hydroxyl acrylic acid resin, 10 to 15% of the 6-methanol etherification amino resin, 20.5 to 26% of the paint, 5.7 to 11.9 % of the addition agent and the balance of the distilled water. The viscosity of the hydroxyl acrylic acid resin is 150 to 700 mpa.s, the solid content is 40+/-5%, the hydroxyl value is 60, the acid value is 8 to 9 mgKOH/g, the vitrification temperature is 85 DEG C, the lowest film-forming temperature is 45 DEG C, and the hydroxyl acrylic acid resin is light yellow transparent liquid and does not have visible impurities. The viscosity of the 6-methanol etherification amino resin is less than 100 mpa.s, the solid content is 40+/-2%, the chlorine content is 12%, the partical size is less than 1 micrometer, and the 6-methanol etherification amino resin is milky white transparent liquid from the appearance. The primer is nontoxic after detection, and the VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) discharge is less than 20 g/L.


Over the past several years,with increasing dependence on oil imports from the Middle East,the political,economic,diplomatic and strategic relationships between China and Middle East turned into rapid developmental periods and the Middle East oil increasingly played an important role in China's energy security strategies,which has brought multiple challenges to Beijing.As an important part of national foreign strategy,China's Middle East policy needs to be reviewed and readjusted and,the role of the Middle East in China's foreign strategy should be upgraded and China must highlight the importance of the energy cooperation mechanisms between both sides to help ensure China's oil supply security.In addition,China's energy interest in the region has caused competition with the US and posed a sort of threat to the West's strategic goals and national interest,hence giving rise to energy-related geopolitical conflicts between China and the US.Therefore,China's policy towards the Middle East should also balance the Beijing's relations with the West and the US,spotlighting their common interest in Middle East oil security and broaden areas of cooperation.


A large number of outstanding talents of tourism with overall qualities are needed to develop coastal and marine tourism industry, and English quality is an important aspect among them. This article puts forward ways of improving the teaching of tourism English and some specific measures, such as reforming teaching mode and teaching materials, building teachers' teams, etc.


The EU integration is a complex process that involves a series of coherent actions taken by the New Member States which must give priority to both nominal and real convergence in order to eventually succeed to adopt the single currency. Romania has made a significant progress, but the vulnerability of the economy was quite high when the spread of the economic-financial crisis occurred,since the economic development has not reached a sustainable level and it has been based on ineffective principles (too much consumption and indebtedness). The forecasts concerning the integration showed the growth would continue for 3-4 years, but it was proved to be inappropriate, because Romania, along with some of the new members have considerably suffered from external negative phenomena triggered by the global crisis.


Many biochemical studies have been contributing to the resolution of the mechanism of epilepsies. We are interested in the alteration of transmembrane signal transduction in a kindled brain.2 G proteins, a family of GTP binding proteins, mediate transmembrane signaling between receptors and enzymes or ion channels. Recently the alterations of G protein functions have been reported in the rat brains treated chronically with lithium chloride' and in the postmortem brains in bipolar affective disorder patients.' Chronic electroconvulsive treatment augments coupling of Gs to adenylate cyclase.' Neural dysfunctions in kindled animals may be induced by alteration of the functicn and state of G proteins. There were few reports on the alteration of the function and state of G protein in kindled animals. We have already reported the change of specific [3H]GTP binding in the cerebral cortex of kindled rats.3 In this study, specific L3H]GTP binding in the hippocampus, which is an important region for kindling, was examined to elucidate the neurochemical basis of epilepsies.


Ab initio molecular electronic structure theory has been applied in an investigation of the methylcarbyne-vinyl radical isomerization (CH{sub 3}C{r_arrow}CH{sub 2}CH). The reaction has been studied on both the ground-state (doublet) and lowest-lying quartet-state potential energy hypersurfaces. Methylcarbyne, the vinyl radical, and the transition state connecting them have been located using the self-consistent field (SCF) and configuration interaction including all single and double excitation (CISD) methods with several basis sets, the largest being of triple {zeta} plus double polarization (TZ+2P) quality. Harmonic vibrational frequencies have been obtained at the SCF level of theory. The true ground state activation energy is estimated to be 6 kcal/mol, or about 4 kcal/mol higher than that for the well-characterized vinylidene species. 24 refs., 1 fig., 9 tabs.


Recently, the available synthetic drugs to treat immune related diseases have been reported to produce many side effects to the consumer. For instance, corticosteroids are used to reduce inflammation during infection but able to cause adverse effects such as bruising, muscle weakness, pathologic fractures, weight gain and sleep disturbances. As an alternative for a safer alternative for preventive and treatment agents with low risk of side effect, Zingiber officinale which is known as ginger or 'halia' in Malaysia has a good prospect. It is because this herb is used as traditional medicine among community to treat several ailments, including immune and infectious diseases. Several studies have shown that crude extracts and bioactive components of Z. officinale possessed diverse pharmacological properties such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and immunomodulatory. The objective of this research is to find out the effects of Z. officinale on the immunomodulatory activities from the selected previous studies from year 2000 to 2020. Briefly, this study involves 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that determined immunomodulatory activities of Z. officinale. The results of systematic analysis showed that Z. officinale exhibits immunomodulatory activities for both in vitro and in vivo evaluations. However, some limitation should be aware with the detailed reporting on the controls used in the included studies. Future well-designed RCTs with detailed reporting on the controls are required for providing additional data to prove the consequences of Z. officinale on the immunomodulatory as well as safety data of consuming this plant.


A RF tunable active bandpass filter with active inductor using Q-enhancement circuit is presented. The RF active filter was implemented by the TSMC 0.35 mum 3P3M BiCMOS process. In order to improve the quality factor of the active inductor, the Q-enhancement circuit was used to compensate the loss of the active inductor. The insertion loss of the RF tunable active filter is about 0.5dB, and the tuning range of center frequency is from725MHz to 2050MHz.


In tele-operation, visual communication plays an important role as a source of information for control of a remote machine. The main objective of this thesis is to investigate the image merging in a dynamic visual communication system (DVCS) that can provide better visual presentation of the remote machine's working environment to the operator. The conventional VCS such as television cannot provide wide field of view (WFOV) and high resolution at the same time without significantly increasing the number of pixels and the bandwidth which is difficult and expensive. One of the proposed alternatives is to have a high resolution insert at the area of interest (AOI), determined by the observer's current eye orientation, projected into a cutout in the low resolution wide field of view (WFOV) background. This system is called a dynamic VCS (DVCS) in this thesis because of its active feedback control over the viewing scene. A DVCS requires a multi-channel imaging system, dual-resolution presentation, an eye tracker controlling the location of the AOI insert within pixel level accuracy, and an image merging system that can register and fuse AOI and W F O V images, all in real time. This thesis discuss some of these issues, mainly focusing on the design and implementation of the image merging in such a system. Several possible approaches are analyzed with regard to the free parameters in the implementation, and experiments are carried out on seven sets of AOI and WFOV images. These images are taken by off-the-shelf cameras with different rotational angles, zooms (scale), and optical centres (translational change) (RST). The optical axis for AOI and W F O V imaging are kept parallel. Based on the analysis and experiments, a new multi-process approach was designed and implemented which can trade off performance characteristics for various imaging conditions. This approach requires only rough estimation of the RST values to start with and presents a registered and fused dual resolution image to the viewer. This processing is also calibration free and can relax the specification requirements of the position sensor and camera control devices. A new study of using comer attributes to recover RST values leads to a derivation of an analytical representation of the significance value for detecting scale-consistent corners. There are many other issues to be studied in the future for a better D V C system.


Two representative strains of Japanese encephalitis virus known to differ in the mouse pathogenicity, Nakayama-token and JaTH-160, were investigated in more details for biological and biochemical properties as well as for morphology as seen under the electron microscope, using purified virus materials, and compared with each other to find out difference (s) which might account for the low and high pathogenicities for mice of these two strains. The results so far obtained indicate that the former strain possessing a low pathogenicity, as determined by the peripheral route infection, is covered with a rough surface envelope, on which are placed cylindrical and spike-like subunits 7-8mƒÊ long with a central hollow in a radially manner; it showed an optimum pH 6.2-6.4 in hemagglutinin activity, and was more stable in the HA activity and infectivity than the latter. In contrast, the latter strain possessing a high pathogenicity has been found to be covered with a smooth envelope 6-8mƒÊ thick ; it showed an optimum pH of 6.6-6.8 in the HA activity, was less heat-stable in HA activity and infectivity and had a high ratio of CF titer/HA titer. Furthermore, a marked difference in the content of C24 long-chain fatty acid was found in a lipid fraction of the latter strain, as compared with low contents thereof in Nakayama-token strain. Serine, glycine and threonine contained in JaTH-160 was detected in higher amounts than in Nakayama-token strain. However, contents of phenylalanine, lysine and histidine were very high in the latter strain. The buoyant density of Nakayama-Yoken strain was determined to be 1.34-1.35gm/cm3 in CsCl solution, while it was 1.30-1.31gm/cm3 with JaTH-160 strain. Those differences mentioned above between the two strains are discussed in relation to their different pathogenicities for mice as tested by the neural and extraneural routes.


RF photoinjectors for next generation spin‐polarized electron accelerators require photo‐cathodes capable of surviving RF gun operation. Free electron laser photoinjectors can benefit from more robust visible light excited photoemitters. A negative electron affinity gallium arsenide activation recipe has been found that diminishes its background gas susceptibility without any loss of near bandgap photoyield. The highest degree of immunity to carbon dioxide exposure was achieved with a combination of cesium and lithium. Activated amorphous silicon photocathodes evince advantageous properties for high current photoinjectors including low cost, substrate flexibility, visible light excitation and greatly reduced gas reactivity compared to gallium arsenide.


Objective To validate specific anti-viral effects and mechanism of apolipoprotenin B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide like 3G(APOBEC3G) on replication and expression of hepatitis B virus in vitro.Methods After transfection of pcDNA3.1 Human AP OBEC3G-Myc-6Xhis into HepG2.2.15 cell line,the expression of APOBEC3G were detected at mRNA and protein levels by RT-PCR and Western Bolt,respectively.ELISA and RT-PCR were applied to measure the alteration of expressions of HBsAg and HBeAg in supernatant of HepG2.2.15 cell lines.Simultaneously,another group cell transfected with empty vector was used as a control group.Results Compared with the control group,the expression of APOBEC3G was obviously increased in the HepG2.2.15 cell line transfected with pcDNA3.1 Human APOBEC3G-Myc-6Xhis at mRNA and protein levels.The amount of HBsAg and HBeAg in the supernatant of HepG2.2.15 cell line transfected with pcDNA3.1 Human APOBEC3G-Myc-6Xhis was apparently decreased by 70.38% and 62.88%,respectively.Conclusion It is powerfully verified that APOBEC3G can inhibit HBV replication in vitro.The result indicates APOBEC3G has potential to be chosed and developed as a novel anti-HBV agent.


Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a popular vegetable crop, grown for its roots, which are used for salad and cooking purpose. World production of radish is estimated to be about 7 million tons per year, representing roughly 2% of all vegetables (Kopta and Pokluda, 2013). Radish is grown in Pakistan on an area of 9769 hectares and its production is 160265 tons (GOP, 2016).But unfortunately, most of the seed available in the market is imported from abroad by national and multinational seed companies, because of poor quality of locally produced seed. Low quality of locally produced seed is because of faulty seed production techniques, starting from seed sowing to harvesting and postharvest handling of seed (Ziaf et al., 2017). Seed crop must be healthy; otherwise seed will be of poor quality. Among these factors, planting geometry is very important that affects the ambient environment of the seed crop field, which in turn modifies the crop phenology (Singh et al., 2013), ultimately affecting yield (Baumhardt et al., 2018) and seed quality (Ashraf et al., 2016). Optimum plant population is of prime importance to get higher yield (Kang et al., 2015). Optimized plant spacing can increase nutritional availability and biomass production of plants (Horbe et al., 2016) and ultimately affect seed quality. Optimal row spacing avoids competition for nutrient elements and soil moisture among the crop plants (Chaudhary et al., 2015) as well as with weeds (Ashraf et al., 2016), rather suppresses weeds (Champion et al., 1998). Moreover, appropriate plant spacing allows a larger proportion of incident radiation to be intercepted by the crop canopy (Pandey et al., 2013) and thus affects photosynthetic efficiency and seed yield (Hussain et al., 2012). Oliveira et al. (2011) reported that spatial arrangement of seed plants affected the quality of fodder radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleiferus) seeds; 0.2 m spacing, keeping a population of 30 seeds m, was the best. Similarly, seed yield and yield components were significantly influenced by row spacing in forage turnip (Bilgili et al., 2003). Moreover, less planting spacing can cause lodging of the seed crop (Oliveira et al., 2011; Bilgili et al., 2003) and attack of diseases such as Alternaria spp. in radish (Oliveira et al., 2011). Gonge et al. (2004) recorded highest seed yield of Indian radish (Raphanus sativus L.) varieties at closer spacing (60 × 15 cm) but wider spacing (60 × 60 cm) produced highest quality seed. But such studies are scarce in radish varieties grown in Pakistan, specifically in Punjab, namely Mino Early and Forty Days. Forty Days is the only cultivar for very sowing during the hot summer months (July-August), while Mino Early is a popular cultivar grown during winter season in Punjab. So, this study was conducted to determine the suitable planting geometry for getting high yield of good quality seed of these two important radish cultivars. This expedient information will be helpful for public and private seed sector dealing in radish seed production as well as serve as base in other research work related to radish seed production. Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 57(3), 637-643 ; 2020 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/20.8679 http://www.pakjas.com.pk


To investigate the M• − σ relation, we consider realistic elliptical galaxy profiles that are taken to follow a single power law density profile given by ρ(r) = ρ0(r/r0) −γ or the Nuker intensity profile. We calculate the density using Abel's formula in the latter case by employing the derived stellar potential in both cases, we derive the distribution function f(E) of the stars in presence of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the center and hence compute the line of sight (LOS) velocity dispersion as a function of radius. For the typical range of values for masses of SMBH, we obtain M• ∝ σp for different profiles. An analytical relation p = (2γ + 6)/(2 + γ) is found which is in reasonable agreement with observations (for γ = 0.75 1.4, p = 3.6 5.3). Assuming that a proportionality relation holds between the black hole mass and bulge mass, M• = fMb, and applying this to several galaxies we find the individual best fit values of p as a function of f ; also by minimizing χ2, we find the best fit global p and f . For Nuker profiles we find that p = 3.81 ± 0.004 and f = (1.23 ± 0.09) × 10−3 which are consistent with the observed ranges. Subject headings: galaxies: bulges — galaxies: elliptical — galaxies: kinematics and dynamics — galaxies: nuclei — galaxies: structure.


Food wastage is a global problem receiving increasing attention from policy makers, researchers and everyday consumers alike. Many of the existing solutions to this problem are focused on reducing the quantity of waste to address related issues such as th


The previous explanations of the grammar meaning of the sentence with the word "Ba" didn't grasp the basic characteristics.We consider that the requirement of the basic semantics of the sentence with the word "Ba" is to indicate the activity of action,and it has external and internal modes of semantic transmission because of the difference of narrative viewpoints,and some concrete classifications of the meaning of the sentence that have been evolved.The grammar meaning of the sentence with the word "Ba" is the gradational system formed of basic semantics,mode of semantic transmission and concrete classifications of the meaning of the sentence.


An optical notch filter has been designed based on a silicon-slab Photonic Crystal (PhC) W1 waveguide. Birefringence originated usual performance degradation of notch filters has been eliminated by optimizing the slab-thickness and radius of the holes to embed a TE pass filter in the same structure. This resulted in TE and TM transmittances as <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\approx$</tex-math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{-1.5}$</tex-math></inline-formula> dB and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\approx$</tex-math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{-28}$</tex-math></inline-formula> dB respectively at the wavelength <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{1550}$</tex-math></inline-formula> nm. Structural parameters of the device are represented by normalizing them with respect to the lattice constant such that the structure can be scaled based on the application wavelength. Thereafter, generation of the mini stop band (MSB), i.e. notch-band, has been studied for various relative longitudinal-shifts of the lateral cladding for different filling fractions. Two different longitudinal-shifts are combined in a footprint of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{9.8 \times 7.35}$</tex-math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mu \rm {m}^{2}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> to realize a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{10}$</tex-math></inline-formula> nm notch-band having a notch suppression of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\approx$</tex-math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{27}$</tex-math></inline-formula> dB. Application of the notch-filter as a refractive index sensor has been investigated that exhibits its sensitivity as <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{500}$</tex-math></inline-formula> nm/RIU. The potentiality of the device in applications like - bio-sensing (e.g., detection of morphological forms of certain bacteria, and some typical viral particles) and industrial measurements (typically, sensing of Ethyl Alcohol percentage in aqueous solution) has also been explored.


We show how to reconstruct a two-dimensional surface, the drift field, and the diffusion tensor from a planar projection of trajectories of a diffusion process on the surface. The reconstruction is based on the stochastic differential equations of the projected motion, whose drift and diffusion tensor depend on the local curvature of the surface. The reconstruction process requires the solution of new partial differential equations that we derive. Our analysis can be used to distinguish between the effective drift due to local curvature and that of the stochastic differential equation on the surface. We provide numerical examples of reconstruction from statistical estimates of the drift field and diffusion tensor of the projections.


A new Research and Education Fund ()f the Green Section has been established :by the USGA. Its purposes are to sponsor research on turf and its management and to help educate workers in turf, especially -new workers. The work financed by the Fund will be done primarily by educational institu1 1ions and agricultural experiment stations. Expenditures will be made mainly us grants, fellowships and research assistantships. The USGA is inviting subscriptions to the Fund from anyone interested. Each subscriber will determine the amount of his annual subscription, but the following minimum amounts are suggested: Firms and organizations 100. Individuals 50. There is no limit on the amount accept.able. The entire income to the Fund will be expended for research and education 8.5 -outlined above. No part will be retained by the USGA for administrative costs. The USGA will contribute money from its own resources to the Fund, as well as the services of staff members. The Green Section will keep in touch ",vith work in progress and will be alert to needs for new research. This will be done through the Green Section's National Research Coordinator, Dr. Marvin H. Ferguson, and the several Regional Directors in various parts of the countrv. This will help to insure efficient use ~f funds, to minimize duplication of research efforts, and to transmit results promptly to golf courses, through the USGA Regional Directors. Subscribers to the Research and Education Fund will receive the following benefits: 1. An organized national program of research and education for better turf. 2. One subscription to the USGA JOURNAL AND TURF MANAGEMENT (seven. times a year) and to all Turfletters issued by all USGA Regional Offices (each office issues approximately six editions a year.) 3. Assistance from Green Section agronomists on turf and related matters, through correspondence. 4. Right to attend small group meetings conducted by Green Section Regional Directors with golf course superintendents and club officials twice a year. The Research and Education Fund is separate from the Green Section's Regional Turf Service to USGA members.


Time series forecasting aims at improving energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) by reducing the amount of data traffic. One such technique has each node generate a model that predicts the sampled data. When the actual, sensed data deviates from the model, a new model is generated and transmitted to the sink. Reductions in application data traffic as high as two orders of magnitude can be achieved. However, our experience in applying such forecasting in a real world deployment shows that the actual lifetime improvement is significantly less due to networking overheads. The study reported here reveals that careful, coordinated network parameter tuning can leverage the reduced traffic of forecasting techniques to increase lifetime without compromising application performance.


Like several previous publications, the central theme of the books under review is their concern about the violation of human rights in Idi Amin Dada's Uganda. Unlike some of the earlier publications, however, these authors have unquestionable credentials for the task they embarked on. Although, for instance, Gwyn and the Meladys are foreigners, they lived in Uganda and studied Amin at close quarters. Kyemba, on the other hand, was born and raised in Uganda and worked as a cabinet minister in Amin's government before defecting. Respectable as these authors are, however, the question which still remains unanswered is: what portion of their writings is a myth and what can be taken as a reality? While raising this question may be like hair splitting where there is no hair to split, note should be taken that although Amin is generally portrayed as a ruthless dictator, there are individuals who believe that such an assessment is due to bias rather than the realities of the Ugandan situation (N. Y. Amsterdam News, 7 May 1977). Furthermore note should be made of the fact that even some serious academic works on contemporary Uganda have been criticized for lack of depth. For example, able as Ali Mazrui is, his writings on Uganda have been questioned on grounds that they are not an "empirically disciplined explanation of the African process (Yeager, 1977: 293) or "because Mazrui seldom develops his arguments in any detail before moving on to another area, nor does he attempt to gather the necessary empirical support for his hypotheses" (Ravenhill, 1976: 725). Given the existence of such doubtful views on interpretations of recent Ugandan history, this paper will focus on the question of myth versus reality in examining the subthemes of Amin's rise to power, his expulsion of Asians, the killings that followed, and the world reaction to these events.


Inexpensive (<$300) real-time particulate matter monitors (IRMs), using laser as a light source, have been introduced for use with a Wi-Fi function enabling networking with a smartphone. However, the information of measurement error of these inexpensive but convenient IRMs are still limited. Using ESCORTAIR (ESCORT, Seoul, Korea) and PurpleAir (PA) (PurpleAir U.S.A.), we evaluated the performance of these two devices compared with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Equivalent Monitoring (FEM) devices, that is, GRIMM180 (GRIMM Aerosol, Germany) for the indoor measurement of pork panfrying or secondhand tobacco smoking (SHS) and Beta-ray attenuation monitor (BAM) (MetOne, Grants Pass, OR) for outdoor measurement at the national particulate matter (PM2.5) monitoring site near an urban traffic hotspot in Daejeon, South Korea, respectively. The PM2.5 concentrations measured by ESCORTAIR and PA were strongly correlated to FEM (r = 0.97 and 0.97 from indoor pan frying; 0.92 and 0.86 from indoor SHS; 0.85 and 0.88 from outdoor urban traffic hotspot). The two IRMs showed that PM2.5 mass concentrations were increased with increased outdoor relative humidity (RH) levels. However, after applying correction factors for RH, the Median (Interquartile range) of difference compared to FEM was (14.5 (6.1~23.5) %) for PA and 16.3 (8.5–28.0) % for ESCORTAIR, supporting their usage in the home or near urban hotspots.


In this paper, we study games with externalities. In the presence of externalities, the worth of a coalition depends on the coalition itself and a partition of the player set. In the presence of externalities, superadditivity is no longer sufficient for the efficiency of the grand coalition: some partitions may yield more surplus than the grand coalition. This result was indicated by Hafalir (GEB 61:242-258, 2007), who proposed convexity as the sufficient condition. We attempt to extend the results of Hafalir and explore certain weaker sufficient conditions to achieve the efficiency of the grand coalition. Our approach features two types of externalities: positive and negative. Furthermore, we examine a condition for the non-emptiness of the core. In the presence of externalities, the definition of the core is not unique. In this light, we specifically analyze the optimistic core which is the smallest of all types of cores. We prove that a combination of negative externalities and particular conditions can induce the nonempty optimistic core.


The meeting point of History and sciences of Hadith, is to provide information about the past. However, significant differences between them is available in. Criticism system can briefly described as: to distinguish between right and wrong. This is for both branches of science is also vitally important. History criticism system, has been used since ancient times. This criticism methods, developed over time and now has been systematized in the titles of internal and external criticism. In our research, firstly, criticize methods, which used in the hadith and history, are briefly summarized. Then, these methods, are compared, under certain substances. As a result, the following conclusions were reached: Criticism system, has been used more precise and detailed in the science of Hadith


The following message was addressed last June by the President of the ICRC, the President of the League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and the Chairman of the Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent to the Third Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly on Disarmament, which was held from 31 May to 25 June 1988. In this message, the Movement draws the international community's attention to the terrible damage caused by modern weapons, which are hideously cruel, in particular antipersonnel mines, which are often used without discrimination and which kill or maim numerous innocent victims, bullets that cause especially appalling wounds and chemical weapons. The Movement requests States to respect the rules prohibiting or restricting the use of such weapons, to ensure that these rules are strictly observed and to give favourable consideration to the drafting of additional rules. It reminds States that the 1977 Protocols additional to the Geneva Conventions reaffirm the fundamental principles in this connection and that the 1980 Convention states the rules pertaining to the prohibition or restriction of the use of certain conventional weapons. All States are invited to accede to those instruments.


The seismograph described has a nearly uniform response to ground oscillations whose periods he between 1.5 s and 12 s, which is the range of particular interest for research on microscisms generated by sea waves. The seismograph consists of a 1 s pendulum which measures ground acceleration over the range of frequencies of interest, and an electronic circuit performing double integration to give a signal proportional to ground displacement. The 1 s pendulum has negative feedback which allows simple damping arrangements and easy absolute calibration, as well as improving stability and linearity. A horizontal-component instrument has been built, but the principle should be equally applicable to measuring the vertical component.


After laying the groundwork by suggesting that ancient texts that offered supernatural explanations for natural phenomena demonstrated curiosity about the natural world as well as scientific imagination, authors Yao Jianbin and Wu Yan give an overview of major Chinese science fiction authors and trends since the late nineteenth century, when science fiction per se was introduced into China. Tying the development of science fiction in China to the nineteenth-century importation of Western science and science fiction, Yao and Wu trace the fortunes of this kind of literature through the turbulent decades of the twentieth century. They further connect the resurgence and international success of science fiction from China to China's rise as a technological innovator and world power.


Purpose: Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) has become a feasible and acceptable surgical technique for treating early gastric cancer. However, there are no reports about the role of the first assistant on LADG. The aim of this study is to compare between an experienced first assistant and an inexperienced first assistant surgeon for conducting LADG to treat early gastric cancer. Methods: The data from 32 consecutive patients with early gastric cancer and who underwent LADG by one surgeon between May 2008 and December 2008 was reviewed. The operation times of 32 consecutive patients were reviewed. Other indicators such as the transfusion requirements, the time to first flatus, and the postoperative hospital stay were also evaluated between an experienced first assistant and an inexperienced first assistant surgeon. Results: No significant differences between an experienced first assistant and an inexperienced first assistant surgeon in terms of the patients" clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical outcomes were found, but there was a statistically significant difference in the operation times between the two groups. Conclusion: After the operator has overcome the learning curve and standardization has been established, LADGs are minimally affected by the role of the first assistant.


ABSTRACT:This article seeks to open a discursive space in which to reflect on issues of Holocaust historiography arising from emerging research on personal archives collected by "ordinary" people in relation to the Holocaust. The explorations, intended as a discussion piece, are anchored in a specific context, namely that of the Dorrith Sim Collection (DMSC) which is held in the Scottish Jewish Archives Centre (SJAC) in Glasgow. This collection offers a focus to concretize the historiographical discussion in a largely un-researched collection, while enabling consideration of a range of related collections and publications. The article investigates the historiographical practices of those involved in the collection, preservation, presentation, and publication processes, and considers the inherent ethical choices, choices that highlight the agency of the family, the archivist, and the scholar. Ethical choices, here, the investment of specific meanings and claims to significance, are amplified in this context because of their connection to genocide. I suggest that a "transparent historiography" that accounts for the research process within the published narrative could address the challenges arising from the necessity to be selective about what to collect, preserve, and write about, and how to do so. I borrow from other fields of research and professional practice to highlight possible avenues along which to advance historiographical discussion.


In this paper we prove a Poincar e lemma for forms
tangent to a foliation with nondegenerate singularities given by an
integrable system on a symplectic manifold. As a consequence, the
Kostant complex in Geometric Quantization is a ne resolution of
the sheaf of
at sections when the polarization is spanned by the
Hamiltonian vector elds of the rst integrals of this integrable
system.


Ingestible sensors have become smaller and more powerful and allow us to envisage new human-computer interactions and bodily play experiences inside our bodies. Users can swallow ingestible sensors, which facilitate interior body sensing functions that provide data on which play experiences can be built. We call bodily play that uses ingestible sensors as play technologies "ingestible play", and we have adopted a research-through-design (RtD) approach to investigate three prototypes. For each prototype, we conducted a field study to understand the player experiences. Based upon these results and practical design experiences, we have developed a design framework for ingestible play. We hope this work can guide the future design of ingestible play; inspire the design of play technologies inside the human body to expand the current bodily play design space; and ultimately extend our understanding of how to design for the human body by considering the bodily experience of one's interior body.


804 Figure 1Terms admissions in 2020 and 2019 cross site: A (1st site) B ( 2nd Site)[Figure omitted. See PDF] 804 Figure 2Reasons for admissions to SCBU in 2019 audit prior to transitional care provision[Figure omitted. See PDF]ConclusionWe have noted an overall improvement in term admissions rates and reasons of admissions to SCBU. Almost all admissions were for primary concerns around the care of the baby.Term admission rate is 39% in 1st hospital site and 32% in 2nd hospital site. (In 2018-2019 audit, rates for sites were 56% and 50% respectively). Term admissions rate was 58% in England In the years 2012–2013.ATAIN (Avoiding Term Admissions Into Neonatal Units) aim is to prevent harm leading to separation of mother and baby.Respiratory concern was noted to be the main reason for term admissions and this is potentially unavoidable in a significant proportion of cases.We conclude that the phased introduction of transitional care service may have made a substantial overall improvement in term admission rates to SCBUs support e.g. by reducing admissions for neonatal jaundice, suspected sepsis, neonatal hypoglycaemia when appropriate and safe to not separate the infant and mother.


This work is devoted to analyzing 5G and Beyond as well as 6G potentials in the mid-term. Further development of emerging radio communication technologies will concern better coding, new MIMO antenna technologies, and modulation approaches. A special meaning has the appearing approaching the so-called Shannon's limits for the channel capacity (Post-Shannon effect) nowadays. Some examples and case studies in MATLAB and Python are provided.


Objective:To study the effect of active and cognitive impairment on diffuse axonal injury.Method:128 patients with diffuse axonal injury were divided randomly into traditional treatment group and rehabilitation treatment group. The traditional treatment group underwent drug and basis nursing to prevent pneumonia, urinary tract infection and decubitus. The patients exercised with themselves. The rehabilitation treatment group was based on the traditional treatment. They performed active, cognitive and ADL treatment. The evaluations of FMA,ADL,LOTCA before and after 3 months rehabilitation treatment were compared. Result:FMA,ADL,LOTCA of rehabilitation treatment group were improved significantly(P0.05).Conclusion: The rehabilitation treatment combined with active and cognitive impairment can significantly improve the locomotion and cognitive function and ADL.


OBJECTIVE
To study the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR in the lungs of the patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and to explore the possible autoimmunity mechanisms of lung fibrosis.

METHODS
Methods Immunohistochemistry (SP method) was used to detect the expression of HLA-DR in the lung specimens from 10 IPF patients and in 5 specimens of normal lung tissue immediately adjacent to lung carcinomas as controls.

RESULTS
HLA-DR antigens were expressed in the hyperplastic bronchi-alveolar epithelial cells in IPF, but not in the epithelial cells of the normal control lung tissues. The accumulated positive scores of HLA-DR of the IPF group was 27, significantly higher than that of the control group (2, Z = - 3.002, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Inappropriate HLA-DR expression is present in the bronchi -alveolar epithelium in IPF. Immune dysfunction may play an important role in the development of IPF.


The theory on the ideology is an important component part in the system of Marxist theory.To recognize and exert of the ideological function enough,it is significnt for us that we active to meet the challenge of the socialist ideology in our country,and assume the scientific countermeasure.


The agro-industrial sector in Russia today is steadily developing, the purpose of which is to satisfy consumer demand with high-quality products and reduce Russia's dependence on other countries. Despite the effective development of the rural sector, the agro-industrial complex faces a number of problems while maintaining the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex. Sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex is a driver of sustainable development of the agricultural industry of the country, since the state of the economy of the region and the industry as a whole depends on its equilibrium. The relevance of the research topic is due to the presence of problems in rural areas that hinder the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex. The article discusses the directions of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia contributing to the development of the agricultural sector and the introduction of innovative technologies, products and methods.


This work reviews key considerations and challenges in the implementation of lunar power transmission for the 40 kW Fission Surface Power (FSP) System. The overall FSP electric power flow is presented


Economic Problem of introducing desulphurization process in China was investigated.The desulphurization byproduct produced by desulphurization process was effectively improved the alkali soil,making provisions production from the improved soil.Therefore two of Chinese environmental issues,SO2 pollution and alkali soil,could be solved.


In this paper, the usage of railway lines across the Alps is evaluated, both at present and after the new lines and base tunnels will be in operation. The railway network of a large part of Europe has been modelled through a graph, and the best routes between some of the most important origin/destination pairs in Italy and Europe have been determined. A new cost function has been developed for the links of the network. The proposed cost function is an improvement of those existing in the literature, because all cost components are taken into account in detail, while the traction cost and the number of locomotives utilized explicitly depend on the geometrical characteristics of rail lines. This last aspect is crucial in analyzing the rail lines across the Alps, as they are often operated in double or triple traction. The results of the study show the importance of new Alpine rail lines and base tunnels: the Ceneri base tunnel will remove a bottleneck on the Gotthard line, while the Brenner and Frejus base tunnels will take up a quota of demand currently served by other lines. Moreover, the new Alpine lines will create an east–west rail connection, through the Italian Padan Plain, alternative to the rail route which currently bypasses the Alps to the north.


Acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) is an enzyme that converts fatty acids to acyl-CoA-derivatives for use in both lipid catabolism and lipid synthesis, including of arachidonic acid mediators that promote inflammation. ACSL1 has also been linked to the pro-atherosclerotic effects of diabetes in mice. ACSL1 expression has been reported to be upregulated in monocytes and macrophages by hyperglycemia, as well as enhanced by inflammatory stimuli, yet surprisingly little is known about the mechanisms underlying its transcriptional regulation. Here we show that increased Acsl1 mRNA expression in mouse macrophages by hyperglycemia is via transcription initiation such that nascent ACSL1 RNA and Acsl1 promoter activity are increased. We further demonstrate that the hyperglycemic-dependent induction of Acsl1 mRNA is governed by the glucose-sensing transcription factor, Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein (CHREBP), since the hyperglycemic upregulation of Acsl1 mRNA is lost in mouse bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) from Chrebp knock out mice. In addition, we show that LPS treatment of mouse BMDMs increased Acsl1 mRNA, and this is attenuated by an NF-kappa B inhibitor that blocks p65 subunit binding to DNA. We further show that LPS treatment increased ACSL1 protein abundance and stimulated ACSL1 protein localization to membranes where it likely exerts its activity. Using an ACSL1 reporter gene containing the promoter and 1.6 Kb of upstream regulatory region, which contain multiple predicted CHREBP and NF-kappa B (RELA) binding sites conserved between the human and mouse ACSL1 gene, we found a synergistic increase of ACSL1 promoter activity when CHREBP and RELA were co-expressed. Thus, we have identified pathways controlling the expression of ACSL1 by hyperglycemia and inflammation through CHREBP and NF-kappa B.


Optical methods allow investigating biological tissue noninvasively without ionizing radiations. Moreover, considering low absorption processes in the tissue in the near-infrared wavelengths range, biological tissue can be deeply investigated. In this field, we studied the resolution limits of the detection of one and two tumour-like heterogeneities embedded in the middle plane of a slab that mimics a breast enclosed between two transparent plates. We used the diffusion equation in order to model the photons propagation in such slab. It is solved in the time-domain by means of a finite element method. We computed time-resolved trans-illumination data based on lateral scan of the slab. The timedependent transmitted light, received at the opposite of the source, was transformed in the frequency-domain and the modulation and phase-shift of the signal are then obtained. The resulting phase-shift considering the embedded objects was analyzed versus the distance between the objects. Then, the resolution limits were estimated considering different modulation frequencies and a noise level. The overall combinations took into account a set of optical properties that mimics realistic optical properties for healthy breast tissue and tumours.


Technology and the internet are useful in learning recently. One of them is through digital portfolio assessment as a whole part of learning for special needs students. The purpose of this study is to find out a theory that digital portfolio is not only useful for figure out the progress of achievement of special needs students, but also become a way of self-reflection for teachers and students in learning. The method used in this study was a grounded theory approach with the following steps: 1). Theorization of research by collecting theories on portfolio/digital portfolio assessment as well as self-reflective teachers and students in inclusive school, 2). Collecting data and relevant theoretical samples to the topic, 3). Data analysis to produce a new theory. The results showed that the digital portfolio assessment benefits for increasing the achievement of the development of special needs students as well as self-reflection for teachers and special needs students. As a self-reflection, digital portfolio assessment fulfills the following elements: 1). Increase emotional intelligences, 2). Connecting knowledge and feelings with learning experiences, 3). Emotional engagement with learning experiences.


A method is described for deriving a quasi-optimal feedback control scheme for stabilizing power systems. This is achieved by minimizing a functional which is a linear combination of response time and control effort. The transient repsonse of a power system obtained using this control strategy is found to be superior to that achieved with a controller based on a linear regulator approach. This scheme, in a slightly modified form, is easily implemented in practice. The modification does not affect the effectiveness of the scheme to control transients. Simulation results are included.


Artistic creativity can be demonstrated in several ways, one of which is in the area of intertextuality as a literary endeavour. Intertextuality is the by-product of wide scholarship, which Christopher Okigbo exemplifies in his poetry. No work of art exists in a vacuum, as every writer is said to operate within a given literary tradition that has preceded him. This being the case, the issue of virginal purity in works of art is ruled out completely, if not partially. And rather than being a vice, this artistic device is a virtue. If anything, it is a demonstration of literary creativity; how a writer is able to re-echo the theme, structure and style of other writers before him. That is to say, no text is totally independent of the influence of other texts. Accordingly, Christopher Okigbo in his Labyrinth With Path of Thunder re-echoes the themes and style of other texts such as the Bible, classical literary sources of ancient Babylonian, Greek, Roman and some nineteenth and twentieth century literary traditions of Hopkin's The Wreck of the Deutschland, Debussy's Nocturne, Melville's Letter to Nathaniel Hawthorne, Eliot's Waste Land, etc. LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research Vol. 3 () 2006: pp.109-120


Purpose Senior nursing and medical interns' lack of familiarity and confidence with respect to practicing universal precaution for the prevention of occupational needlestick or sharp injuries may harm themselves. Trainees' self-reported needlestick or sharp injury rate was known to be especially high during the first 2 months of internship in Taiwan. This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the effect of newly developed virtual reality (VR) game, which uses Gagne's learning model to improve universal precaution for needlestick or sharp injury prevention and decrease the rates of needle stick or sharp injuries in new-coming medical and nursing interns in Taiwan. Methods From 2017 to 2019, the VR system was developed and applied in training of 59 new-coming nursing and 50 medical interns. Occupational needlestick or sharp injury prevention was sought to be achieved through a game of right and wrong choices for safe or unsafe universal precaution behaviors. Results In comparison with medical interns, a higher proportion of nursing interns had past experiences of deep occupational needlestick or sharp injury. Before VR training, the familiarity and confidence for needlestick or sharp injury prevention were higher among nursing interns than medical interns. Trainees with past experiences of deep needlestick or sharp injury exhibited better performance on the accuracy rate and time needed to complete 20 decisions than those without past experiences in VR practice. All trainees showed an improved performance after VR training. A high proportion of trainees reported that the VR-based training significantly decreased their anxiety about needlestick or sharp injury prevention. Conclusion This self-developed VR game system using Gagne's flow improved universal precaution for needlestick or sharp injury prevention and reduced the needlestick or sharp injury rates in the first 2 months of nursing and medical internship.


Research on remote sensing image classification significantly impacts essential human routine tasks such as urban planning and agriculture. Nowadays, the rapid advance in technology and the availability of many high-quality remote sensing images create a demand for reliable automation methods. The current paper proposes two novel deep learning-based architectures for image classification purposes, i.e., the Discriminant Deep Image Prior Network and the Discriminant Deep Image Prior Network+, which combine Deep Image Prior and Triplet Networks learning strategies. Experiments conducted over three well-known public remote sensing image datasets achieved state-of-the-art results, evidencing the effectiveness of using deep image priors for remote sensing image classification.


ABSTRACT Drawing on social learning and social information processing theories, this study proposes and tests a model of the association of green-inclusive leadership on pro-environmental behaviors (task-related pro-environmental behavior (PEB) and organizational citizenship for the environment) through climate for green initiative. Using data collected in two waves from 254 employees working in the hospitality industry (restaurants) and utilizing structural equation modeling, our results suggest that green-inclusive leadership is a promising leadership style in encouraging task-related PEB and organizational citizenship for the environment (OCBE). The results also suggest that climate for green initiative is an effective underlying mechanism between the green-inclusive leadership-pro-environmental behaviors linkages. Our model is novel in that the associations proposed and tested were not investigated before. Furthermore, the research is the first of its kind to introduce climate for green initiative in the research of pro-environmental management practices. Discussion, implications and limitations are presented.


The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) promises new and exciting possibilities for our personal health, transport, the environment, and many other areas. However, it does of course pose privacy and security problems. This article argues that there are six complex and difficult privacy concerns that are specific to the IoT. The situation is made even more complex because it isn't clear who should regulate the IoT, and how best to do it.


Nowadays, real-time detection and recognition of objects is a vital task in image processing and computer vision. This study presents an embedded powerful technique for real-time object detection and recognition that runs at high frames per second (FPS) on an embedded platform with movidius neural compute stick (NCS). This can be done by applying a deep learning for computer vision. We recommended an object detection and recognition for real-time video by using deep learning technique and OpenCV libraries. It includes the single shot detector (SSD) algorithm with a MobileNet architecture that are trained with caffe framework. In this paper, Raspberry Pi 3 was utilized to implement this system. So, it helps to monitor and captures the frames and detect and recognize the objects. Also, we used movidius neural compute stick that can be utilized with the Raspberry Pi 3 to achieve high FPS. The proposed method applies a few enhancements such as default boxes, multi scale features and depthwise separable convolution. These enhancements permit the proposed system to get a high accuracy in detection and recognition of objects. Engineering


As Enterprises and Service Providers upgrade their brown field or
green field MPLS/SR core to an IPv6 transport such as MPLS LDPv6, SR-
MPLSv6 or SRv6, Multiprotocol BGP (MP-BGP)now plays an important role
in the transition of the core from IPv4 to IPv6 being able to continue
to support legacy IPv4, VPN-IPv4, and Multicast VPN IPv4 customers.
This document describes the critical use case and OPEX savings of
being able to leverage the MP-BGP capability exchange usage as a pure
transport allowing both IPv4 and IPv6 to be carried over the same BGP
TCP session. By doing so, allows for the elimination of Dual Stacking
on the PE-CE connections making the peering IPv6-ONLY to now carry
both IPv4 and IPv6 Network Layer Reachability Information (NLRI). This
document now provides a solution for IXPs (Internet Exchange points)
that are facing IPv4 address depletion at these peering points to use
BGP-MP capability exchange defined in [RFC5549] to carry IPv4 (Network
Layer Reachability Information) NLRI in an IPv6 next hop using the
[RFC5565] softwire mesh framework.


Although the ecological significance of dew is the focal point of the review, dew formation, dew measurement, and dew utilization by the plant are examined in detail. Consequently most of the published research on dew is covered either in the 123 papers cited or in the papers cited therein. The absence of a sustained research interest in dew throughout the last 200 years is considered. The author attributes this to the disappointment that must have prevailed each time it became apparent that dew is rarely if ever a limiting ecological factor. Against this background the thesis is developed that perhaps dew plays an important role in plant interactions and the relative ability of plants to dominate a site-a role yet to be evaluated.


In this paper, such as battery power or solar energy and fuel cells generated from Renewable energy sources, high voltage to low voltage DC-DC Converter for converting the design of the study. System consists of low voltage (24~28 [VDC]) and Boosts the voltage (270 [VDC]) for a 3 [㎾] DC-DC converter and control circuit is configured as, Power switch the ST Tomson's Automotive low voltage high current MOSFET switches STE250NS10S (temperature 250A) was applied to the two parallel. Also, Controller's processor used ATMEGA128, and Gate Drive applies and composed Photo Coupler TLP250. development. Input voltage (24V) and output voltage (270V) for Conversion in the H-bridge converter topology of the circuit output side power and voltage to control the implementation of the Phase shift angle control applied. And, 3㎾ of power to pass appropriate specification of the secondary side as interpreted by the high frequency transformer, and the experimental production and analysis of the experiment.


Gravitational perturbations about a Kerr black hole in the Newman-Penrose formalism are concisely described by the Teukolsky equation. New numerical methods for studying the evolution of such perturbations require not only the construction of appropriate initial data to describe the collision of two orbiting black holes, but also to know how such new data must be imposed into the Teukolsky equation. In this paper we show how Cauchy data can be incorporated explicitly into the Teukolsky equation for nonrotating black holes. The Teukolsky function $\ensuremath{\Psi}$ and its first time derivative ${\ensuremath{\partial}}_{t}\ensuremath{\Psi}$ can be written in terms of only the three-geometry and the extrinsic curvature in a gauge-invariant way. Taking a Laplace transform of the Teukolsky equation incorporates initial data as a source term. We show that for astrophysical data the straightforward Green function method leads to divergent integrals that can be regularized like for the case of a source generated by a particle coming from infinity.


The article discusses the features of non-verbal communication in the process of television communication. The first feature of non-verbal messages their situational: the tone of voice indicates the current state of the speaker and his attitude to the subject and audience. The second feature of nonverbal messages their syncretism ( expressive behavior is difficult to be decomposed into individual units). Involuntariness, spontaneity many nonverbal actions one more of their feature. Particular attention is paid to the work group gestures that exhibit some traits interlocutor and relevant to the situation. On the example of the famous TV personalities by federal channels author cites the interpretation of gesticulations. We found that in the process of non-verbal communication people acquire information and, firstly, it is the identity of the communicator. Secondly, this information regarding relationship the participants with each other. Third, this information regarding the participants in the communication of the situation itself, allowing them to regulate interaction.


Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) concurs with excessive uncontrolled inflammatory immune responses that lead to the loss of immune tolerance. Dendritic cells (DCs) are important and determinant immune cells that regulate immune responses. Tolerogenic DCs with regulatory markers and cytokines could induce regulatory immune cells and responses. Tolerogenic probiotics are capable of producing regulatory DCs from monocytes in in vitro conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus rhamnosus on the production of DCs in an in vitro condition. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from the healthy and SLE donors. Monocytes were cultured with optimized concentrations of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL‐4) to produce immature DCs (IDCs). An IDC uptake assay was performed, and IDCs of healthy and SLE donors were divided into three subgroups following 48 hours of treatment with GM‐CSF and IL‐4, along with L. delbrueckii, L. rhamnosus, and mixed probiotics for the production of tolerogenic DCs. The surface expression of Human Leukocyte Antigen‐antigen D Related (HLA‐DR), CD86, CD80, CD83, CD1a, and CD14 was analyzed using flow cytometry, and the gene expression levels of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO), IL‐10, and IL‐12 were measured using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. We observed significantly reduced expression of costimulatory molecules and other surface markers in the probiotic‐induced mature DCs (MDCs) in both healthy and SLE donor groups in comparison with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced MDCs. In addition, the expression of IDO and IL‐10 increased, whereas IL‐12 decreased significantly in probiotic‐induced MDCs compared with LPS‐induced MDCs. IDCs and especially mature tolerogenic DC of SLE patients highly expressed IDO. The results of the current study suggested that live probiotics could modify properties of DCs to modulatory cells, which might contribute to the induction of tolerance and renovation of immune hemostasis.


Abstract A tetranuclear zinc-oxy (benzothiazole)-2-thiolate aggregate whose structure has a C3-axis passing through ZnO unit relating three other zinc ions and a tetranuclear copper(I) phenylthiolate aggregate having each thiphenolate ligand bridging three copper ions are reported. These aggregates were prepared by hydrothermal reactions of 2,2′-dithiobis-(benzothiazole) with zinc nitrate or copper(I) iodide, respectively. The reaction of zinc nitrate passed through in situ abstraction of a oxy ligand from moisture to form a Zn4O core holding six 2-benzothiazolethiolate ligands, and during the formation of the aggregate, cleavage of S–S bond of 2,2′-dithiobis-(benzothiazole) took place. Whereas, an aggregate formed by self-assembling of copper(I) phenylthiolate was formed after extensive degradation of 2,2′-dithiobis-(benzothiazole) during solvothermal reaction.


Neuropsychology,as well as cognitive neuroscience investigates the process of human cognition using several in vivo systemic approaches in order to explore neural mechanism.Besides the routine clinical neuropsychological assessments,up to date the latest neuroimaging techniques based on acoustics,optics,electricity and magnetism,have been applied to construct three-dimensional neuroimaging representations through mathematic models,and to identify functional areas or lesions in the brain.Presently,the combined use of functional MRI(fMRI) and event related potential(ERP) techniques is pioneering,especially when integrated synchronously.


This study examined the effect of violent video games on the behaviors of 33 female university students and what moderates or mediates this effect, using a between-subjects design with three treatment conditions: (a) playing a video game in which violence was highly rewarded, (b) playing a video game in which violence was not highly rewarded, and (c) watching a movie that was not violent. Degree of hostility of feeling, negative mood, physiology indexes, and inactivity were subsequently measured after the participants played video games or watched a video. Each participant then had an opportunity to apply electrical current to other participants, so that aggressive behavior could be assessed. The results showed that playing violent video games increased aggressive behavior, and that reward moderated this effect. Negative mood and inactivity mediated the effect of violent video games on aggressive behaviors.


Despite the statutory requirement for secondary schools in England to secure independent careers
advice for all pupils, our survey of over 13,000 Year 11 students suggests that fewer than two-thirds
of students aged 15-16 report having received careers education and only half of all students have
had work experience.
Moreover, our data shows that where there is careers education provision, this is patterned by
social inequalities, leaving those most in need of it without adequate, or any, independent careers
support. White males are most likely to receive careers education - whereas girls, students from
minority ethnic or working-class backgrounds, lower-attaining students and those who are unsure of
their aspirations are all significantly less likely to report receiving careers education.


neither even of these cases is there any analogy between the constraint under which we feel ourselves and an effect produced by "the sum of the conditions." Moreover, there are multitudes of cases in which, under the general motive to do the best we can, different courses appeal to us and we freely choose between them." One of the great merits of Muirhead's book as a whole lies in the wide range of his illustrations. He does not confine himself to purely individual activities, but discusses also some of the actions of social groups. The practical activities of the human world as a whole are thus brought vividly and comprehensively before us. Altogether, it can hardly be denied that it is incomparably the best general introduction to Ethics that we have.


For the elderly people, adequate environment to compensate for increasing frailty and sensory loss are crucial. Normal age-related changes to the eye decrease the amount of light reaching the retina impacting both vision and circadian rhythm. Some attempts have been made recently to conduct tunable white lighting and vary lighting levels and Correlated Colour Temperature (CCT) for health and wellness. However, how to translate such Human-centric Lighting (HCL) concepts proven in laboratory studies into built environments are still in early stage and lack of largely proven practices and strategies on an operational level. This research project aimed to explore HCL design strategies in nursing homes in Singapore. Firstly, state of the art HCL and aging studies were discussed. We then captured the views to illustrate a HCL framework in a tropical context, whereby the quantitative and qualitative approaches were considered. The preliminary design strategies were developed based on this framework and exemplified in a selected nursing home in Singapore. Also, pre-/post implementation user surveys together with quantitative evaluations (involving horizontal and corneal illuminance measurements) were conducted for assessing the performance of the HCL design strategies. These pilot study findings provide initial insight into HCL design-related knowledge and serve as the solid basis towards the HCL best practices in the environment of nursing home in Singapore.