This system uses SoC micro-controller and new ADuC848-controller as the core structure,uses AD8230 chip to amplify the voltage signal captured from the sensor.uses internal A/D conversion of ADuC848 chip to acquisition the analog quantity,Reduce the complexity of system design and the actual size of the PCB board.Finally,achieved to design the micro voltage signal real-time acquisition system that easy embedded within the work-device.Provides a convenient and practical method to acquisition information in uninhabited environment.


Objective: To observe the effect of the compound Qinbudan in treating Multi-drug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis of deficiency of both qi and yin. Methods: 72 MDR-PTB cases were included in this clinical randomized controlled research,divided into two groups in which the treatment group and the control group with 36 cases in each. The treatment group was treated with the compound Qinbudan while the control group was treated with the Feitai Capsule,comparing the index change after 3 months treatment of the integral syndrome of SF-36 life quality scores and adverse reactions. Results: ①Self-control study of the life quality: In the control group,the post-treatment scores of the total life integral,physical Functioning( PF),role limitations due to emotional problems( RE),role limitations due to physical health( RP),social functioning( SF) and general health( GH) were improved and had statistical difference. In the treatment group,the post-treatment scores of the total life integral,social functioning( SF),role limitations due to physical health( RP),role Limitations due to emotional problems( RE),physical functioning( PF),mental health( MH),energy,bodily pain( BP) and general health( GH) were improved as well and had statistical difference( P 0. 01 or P 0. 05). ②Comparison between groups with the life quality: After 3 months treatment,both groups had statistical difference in the scores of the total life integral,role limitations due to emotional problems( RE),role limitations due to physical health( RP),energy,mental health( MH),general health( GH) and bodily pain( BP),and the scores of the treatment group were higher than that of the control group( P 0. 05 or P 0. 01). ③Assessment of adverse reactions: 31 cases of the control group and 35 cases of the treatment group completed the research. Nobody was abnormal in the routine blood test and the liver and renal test,also nobody found intestinal disturbance in the treatment. Conclusions: The compound Qinbudan is extremely effective in treating Multi-drug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis of deficiency of both qi and yin,obviously improving the life quality of the patients with Multi-drug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Reference citation: LU Chenghua,LU Zhenhui,ZHANG Huiyong. Effect of the Compound Qinbudan on Life Quality of Patients of Multi-drug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Deficiency of Both Qi and Yin[J]. China Journal of Chinese Medicine,2015,30( 11) :1566- 1568.


Numerous conflicts and polemics have centred on the particular use that the autistic subjects do of the objects that accompany them. In this paper, it has been important for us to investigate the value and the function that the object acquires, considering the actual debates and the testimonies of autistic subjects. We begin from the Tustin ́s consideration of the autistic object as transitional and we analyze the consequences of this affirmation. That conception of the object is in tension with the Freudian theory of the fort-da and the singularity of the construction of the object that we infer from the analysis of the selected testimonies. The discussion, likewise, prospers with contemporary conceptualizations, such as "edge" and " forclusion of the hole".


The aerodynamics of rotary Phoenix tree samaras was experimentally studied. Smoke visualization and pressure measurement were performed using the rotating samara model in a vertical low-speed wind-tunnel. As a result, it was visualialized that the samara made separation vortices at the leading edge. The vatices produce high negative pressure, and contribute the production of thrust equals to the weight. Additionally, the relations between torque distribution and the shape of samara were also discussed.


With an 18‐term wavefunction, using 16 generalized Gaussian orbitals as a basis, we find a minimum energy of −1.3185 a.u. for H3+ in an equilateral triangular configuration having sides 1.66 bohr The A1′ normal mode of vibration has ω0=3610 cm−1. Several energy contours are presented and their relation to H2+D+→HD+H+ reactions is sketched.


This study aims to explore patient and nurse perceptions of patient safety to increase patient engagement so that patients can be aware of patient safety in the Hospital Hemodialysis Unit. This research method uses qualitative methods of conducting in-depth interviews with patients and medical personnel. The results of this study indicate that overall the patients said they were satisfied with the services provided; this was evidenced by the patient feeling very well known by the medical staff, both nurses and doctors. In conclusion, this kinship relationship is highly valued by the patient and accompanying family so that patients can be open to medical personnel so that effective communication can be well established.

Keywords: Hemodialysis, Patient Engagement, Patient Safety


Objective To observe the toxicity and efficacy of circadian injection of docetaxel on nude mice bearing human nasopharyngeal carcinoma.To provide the experimental data for the clinical use of docetaxel chronochemotherapy for therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Balb/c nude mice synchronized 3 weeks in 24 h programmable light regulated animal feeding cabinet(12 hours light,12 hours dark).Nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft model was established by inoculating human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line(CNE2) into the right axilla of nude mice subcutaneously.Seventy tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into 7 groups(6 treatment groups and 1 control group).Tumor-bearing mice in treatment groups were injected intraperitoneally with docetaxel at six time points:3,7,11,15,19,23 HALO(hours after light onset) respectively(10 mg/kg).Each mouse was injected 3 times.Mice were executed at 4th day after drug withdrawal.The tumor inhibition rate of each treatment group was calculated.White blood cell(WBC),hemoglobin(HB),platelet(PLT) values in peripheral blood were measured and the change of body weight were observed.Results Compared with the control group,nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft in nude mice was significantly inhibited after injection of docetaxel(P=0.000).The tumor inhibition rate ranged from 49% to 83%,with maximum in 7 HALO,minimum in 23 HALO.In contrast,weight loss was maximum in 23 HALO and minimum in 7 HALO(P0.05).WBC and HB values in peripheral blood in each treatment group were both decreased,but that in 19,23 HALO group's were significantly lower than that in 7,11 HALO group's(P0.05).Conclusion Docetaxel can significantly inhibit the nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft in nude mice.The efficacy and toxicity are different when drug is given at different circadian time.The optimal time of administration is at 7 HALO,while the worst is at 23 HALO.


We report a unique case of a 44-year-old man with paraneoplastic hyperparathyroidism due to an oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma (stage pT3N0R0M0, ENSAT 2 with a 4% Ki-67). Paraneoplastic hyperparathyroidism was associated with mild ACTH-independent hypercortisolism and increased estradiol secretion responsible for gynecomastia and hypogonadism. Biological investigations performed in blood samples from peripheral and adrenal veins revealed that the tumor secreted PTH and estradiol. Ectopic PTH secretion was confirmed by abnormally high expression of PTH mRNA and clusters of PTH immunoreactive cells in the tumor tissue. Double-immunochemistry studies and analysis of contiguous slides for the expression of PTH and steroidogenic markers (SRB-1, 3β-HSD and aromatase) were performed. The results suggested the presence of two tumor cells subtypes with large cells with voluminous nuclei producing only PTH and that were distinct from steroid producing cells.


The paper examines the decision making philosophy in choosing dry scrubbing technology for the flue gas cleaning process for the 4 plants upgraded, particularly for the two largest facilities at Coventry and Edmonton, London. At both these facilities the additional energy recovery possible from the adoption of totally dry scrubbing technology in place of the recognized BATNEEC of spray tower with lime slurry scrubbing, became a major decision influencing factor. The extent of work involved in bringing an existing facility into conformity with the new emissions to air legislation is detailed, and clearly demonstrates that this work is not simply an end of pipe solution, but entails the integration of several different modern technologies. Difficulties encountered during 2 years installation on a continuously operating waste disposal facility, without disruption to waste processing, energy recovery, production or revenue are highlighted, and the importance of a true project partnership between the client and the supplier. Emissions testing results are documented, clearly demonstrating that totally dry scrubbing technology for the treatment of incineration flue gases is more than capable of attaining the necessary maximum emission limits and maximizing the potential energy recovery from the waste in a manner which corresponds to declared Governmentalmore » policy. The lessons learned in the UK can be directly applied to the North American retrofit market« less


A new driver has been developed for the magneto-optic spatial
light modulator. This driver allows the user to feed video directly to the
spatial light modulator. Several characteristics of the spatial light modulator
have been measured and a binary joint transform correlator has been
built and tested. The results of these experiments as well as a description
of the video driver are presented here.


Amylase is one of the most important enzymes in mature koji of soy sauce,it played a key role in the decomposition of raw starch material and the formation of the soy sauce color,aroma,taste and shape.The amylase components in the mature koji were analyzed by the PAGE、Starch-PAGE and SDS-Starch-PAGE.The results indicated that there were four kinds of amylase components in the koji of soy sauce at least with molecular weight 88000,71000,60000,52000 Da,respectively.The highest active Amylase-2 was purified by the prepared PAGE method and was obtained reaching high purity.The molecular weight of the Amylase-2 was 52000 Da calculated by SDS-PAGE.The purified Amylase-2 was identified as α-amylase by Thin layer chromatogram.The optimum reaction pH and temperature were 6.2 and 50℃,respectively.


This paper examines the relationship and the direction of causality between average sectoral earnings and minimum wages in Malawi using annual formal employment data between 1968 and 1995. The policy of imposing minimum wages in Malawi was inherited from the colonial administration at independence in 1964, but culminated in national wages policy in 1969 and a wages restraint policy in 1971. However, changes in the nominal statutory minimum wages have been erratic and ad hoc, with only eight changes between 1965 and 1992. Using cointegration analysis, this study establishes the existence of a long-run relationship between real average sectoral earnings in the formal labour market and real statutory minimum wages. The results suggest the existence of a long-run relationship between real average earnings and real minimum wages in the formal labour market and in four of the eight sectors of the economy. We also find strong evidence that real minimum wages unidirectionally Granger-cause real average earnings in Malawi.


Computer Science and Software Engineering are majors to train students with practice and creative capabilities. They emphasize the trainings of software development abilities for integration and real projects. This paper suggests constructing the creative engineering laboratory at the two majors which provides the practice platform to students who would become advanced and creative talents. The paper researches on the creative engineering laboratory mode from construction the laboratory environment to management process, and also describes and improves the implementation process under computer science and software engineering undergraduates.


Understanding customers to build a strong relationship is prime focus in any successful enterprise across the globe. The concepts 'customer relationship' and 'customer service' are universal phenomenon which are applicable to all organizations or service systems. The library, a service center in any organization, is not exempted from this. From its historical beginning as a place to keep the records of civilization, it is the designated center for information source and services. Service is a concept that is fundamental in libraries and library users are the focus point of library services (Miao, 2006).


Objective To study the clinical significance between the levels of anti-cardiolipin antibodies(ACA),D-Dimer and lipoprotein(a)(Lp(a)) in sera of patients with cerebral infarction.Methods The levels of ACA,D-Dimer and Lp(a) were assessed in 63 patients with cerebral infarction,65 patients with other diseases and 38 healthy controls by ELISA and immunoturbidimitric method.Result Compared with the healthy controls,the levels of ACA,ACA-IgG,D-Dimer,and Lp(a) in sera of patients with cerebral infarction were significantly increased(P0.01).Compared with the other diseases control group,the difference of positive rate of ACA-IgM was not significant(P0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of ACA,ACA-IgG,ACA-IgM,and Lp(a) between the other disease control group and the healthy controls(P0.05).The levels of D-Dimer and Lp(a) in sera of patients with larger infarction area were significantly higher than those of the patients with smaller infarction area(P0.01,P0.05).Conclusion The results suggest that the levels of ACA,D-Dimer and Lp(a) are closely related to existence and development of cerebral infarction.They would be some important risk factors for diagnosis and prevention of cerebral infarction.


Since the mid-1980s, museum directors have understood that the key to their success lies in how well they manage change within their organisations. The large political and economic swings of the final decades of that century demonstrated to museums in many parts of the world that they had no assurance of a future unless they could demonstrate strong and costeffective, socially and politically endorsed, benefit. The history of museums demonstrates that this has always been so: the combination of precarious museum funding and continual change has led to erratic fortunes (Knell 1996; 2000; 2001; 2004).1 Yet every generation has held optimistic beliefs about the future: 'We may fairly presume, that the most liberal support will be given to an Institution, so well calculated to promote the credit and advantage of the town, and the intellectual improvement of its inhabitants, not only in the present day but in future ages' (Whitby Literary and Philosophical Society 1826). In the present age, one such vision comes to us from Europe.2 It pictures a world altered by technologies, but within which museums have a new and critical role. It is a vision worthy of closer attention as this future is destined to engulf us all, and with its cultural diversity, social complexity, established heritage and not inconsiderable investment in technological research, Europe's concerns and experiences are likely to be widely shared. It also provides an opportunity to ask questions about how a sector of society formulates a vision of the future, what makes this vision plausible and useful, and then what history tells us about its likelihood of coming to fruition.


This work presents an optimization of a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction approach of eleven fluoroquinolones in poultry muscle and kidney using a 33 Box-Behnken factorial design. All the data treatment was performed using Microsoft Excel® 2010. The suitability of the developed method was confirmed by two proficiency tests for ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin.


OBJECTIVE. The immunoglobulin G2 subclasses contain predominantly antipolysaccharide antibodies. It was therefore believed intuitively that low immunoglobulin G2 levels could predispose individuals to infections with encapsulated bacteria. Although many reports initially supported this notion, more recent studies challenged it. Regardless of the biological significance, the natural history of low immunoglobulin G2 levels has not been carefully studied. METHODS. We studied the outcome of low serum immunoglobulin G2 subclass levels in children. Thirteen patients who were referred because of recurrent infections were found to have low immunoglobulin G2 levels. Laboratory evaluation at presentation and follow-up visits included total serum immunoglobulins, immunoglobulin subclasses, and specific antibodies to protein antigens and to pneumococcal vaccine. RESULTS. Low immunoglobulin G2 levels resolved completely within 0.6 years to 6 years (median: 1.5 years) in all patients. All 13 patients responded adequately to vaccination with protein antigens such as tetanus toxoid and polio as well as to immunization with pneumococcal vaccine. Four of 13 patients had a previous history of transient hypogammaglobulinemia, raising the possibility that the other cases may simply represent the tail end of this condition. CONCLUSION. We have demonstrated that low immunoglobulin G2 detected in early infancy and childhood is likely to resolve completely within several months and up to 6 years from the time of presentation.


The feasibility of the intramolecular nucleophilic addition of the nitrogen atom in cyclic (thio)carbamates with a pseudo-C-nucleoside structure to the masked carbonyl group in aldose precursors in the synthesis of reducing (i.e., 5-hydroxy)6-oxaindolizidine frameworks is illustrated by the preparation of the 6-epi, 7-epi, 8-epi and 6,8a-di-epi diastereomers of the potent glycosidase inhibitor (+)-castanospermine. In all cases, the increased anomeric effect caused by the high sp2 character of the pseudoamide-type nitrogen atom resulted in the pseudoanomeric hydroxy group being anchored in an axial orientation in aqueous solution, as in the aglycons in α-glycosides. These analogs of the natural alkaloid showed a higher selectivity in the inhibition of α-glucosidases. Structure/glycosidase inhibitory activity studies indicated that inversion of any hydroxy group resulted in a dramatic decrease in the inhibition potency, confirming the critical importance of a correct hydroxylation profile. In the case of (+)-8-epi-6-oxacastanospermine derivatives, with a hydroxylation profile with a structural complementarity to that of D-galactose, a moderate but very selective inhibition of α-galactosidase was observed, supporting the importance of a defined configuration at pseudoanomeric centres for anomeric specificity. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)


Forward modeling by construction of synthetic data is usually practiced in a horizontal surface and a few subsurface structures. However, in-situ surveys often take place in such topographic changes that the corrupted field data always make it difficult to interpret the right signals. To examine the propagation characteristic of elastic waves on the irregular surface, a general mesh generation code for finite element method was modified to consider the topography. By implementing this algorithm, the time domain modeling was practiced in some models with surface topography such as mound, channel, etc. The synthetic data obtained by receivers placed on surface also agreed with the analytic solution. The snapshots showing the total wave-field revealed the propagation characteristic of the elastic waves through complex subsurface structures and helped to identify the signals on the time traces. The transmission of Rayleigh waves along the surface, compressive waves, and sheer waves was observed. Moreover, it turned out that the Rayleigh waves behave like a new source at the edge.


This paper focuses on the study of a deformation of Finsler metrics satisfying Ricci flow equation. We will prove that every deformation of Randers (Kropina)-metrics satisfying Ricci flow equation is Einstein, we will also show that a deformation of Einstein metrics with initial Randers (Kropina)-metrics remains Randers (Kropina). In other words the deformation of Randers (or Kropina)-metrics is exactly the fixed point of (un-normal and normal) Ricci flow equation.


A new structure for a nonradiative dielectric (NRD) waveguide directional coupler has been developed. The structure combines two NRD guides and a dielectric slab guide in order to utilize a leakage mechanism for coupling. The coupling depends on this leaky mechanism, but not on field interactions as in a conventional proximity coupler. A theoretical formula for calculation of the decay constant is derived. The field along the NRD guide and the decay constant are measured at Ka band (35 GHz) and compared with the theoretical data. Reasonable agreement between the measured and theoretical data is found. >


First studies of the lake ecosystem were performed in 1968–1969 in framework of the International Biological Program, as on a model lake for the observations on the natural dynamic processes. Further work had continued in 1972 and annually from 2002 to 2014. During all study period Cyanobacteria and Chrysophyta have been permanent representatives in phytoplankton. Cyanobacteria were mostly represented by small-cell species from Chroococcales, Многолетние изменения фитопланктона в оз. Кривое, северная Карелия 337


The essential oil isolated from the seeds and leaves of the plant Thymus serpyllum Linn were found to be associated with encouraging powerful antibacterial activity and therefore may find use in future as good antibacterial agent.


In clinical trials with multiple primary endpoints or with multiple observations on the same sampling unit, the maximum of all observations is a convenient statistic that controls the familywise error rate. The quantile of this statistic depends on the correlation among multiple observations. To simplify modeling, the compound symmetry (CS) covariance structure is frequently used. The assumption of exact compound symmetry cannot usually be justified, and further sensitivity studies under more varied correlations are recommended. The need for multiple simulations may impose an increased demand on computer and time resources. To evaluate the sensitivity of simulation results restricted to CS structure, we calculated the linear part of the Taylor expansion of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) for the maximum statistic. Furthermore, we derived the Taylor expansion for quantiles of the maximum statistic. Our simulation studies on the linear approximation of quantiles confirmed good performance of the linearization formula.


In this paper, fast algorithms for solving the unique solution of the inverse problem of AX = b in the class of the ULS r-circulant(retrocirculant) matrices over a field F are given by the largest common factor of polynomial. Examples show the effectiveness of the algorithm. Mathematics Subject Classification: 15A29; 65F15


In the course of an investigation on the fungi of Lahore soils, a member of the Eurotiales was repeatedly isolated at different soil depths. It has Thielavia-like ascospores but its peridium is colorless, an unusual feature in the Eurotiales and Perisporiales. A culture of this fungus was sent to the Commonwealth Mycological Institute for advice and Dr. C. Booth replied "Culture M4 (83279) should I think be placed in a new genus differing from Thielavia in the ascocarp wall." In accordance with this suggestion, the fungus is here described as the type of a new genus.


The article describes the psychological views on the problem of gender equality in Ukraine and the world. It is determined that the concept of "gender" appeared in the socio-humanitarian knowledge of the second half of the twentieth century. as derived from the concept of "gender", and gender is a set of cultural and social characteristics that covers all areas of human activity. It is noted that there are three main directions in understanding the term: gender as a biodetermined category, gender as a socio-biological category, gender as a socio-cultural category (outlined their essence and content). The peculiarities of gender as a social institution are presented, the peculiarities of gender as a social institution are expressed through: a certain system of management of gender processes; development of own system of functioning and control of reproduction of gender values; reproduction of gender practice by generations of people; large-scale coverage of people; satisfaction of basic human needs - biovital, social and spiritual-cognitive complexes of needs of women and men; developing both common and different gender values and norms; development of its material and technical base. It is determined that modern theories of gender relations prove that social differences between men and women do not have a biological origin, are not eternally given, but only acquired, attributed to the individual by society.


Use reference electrode 3 to the AC corrosion and corrosion conditions of the structure A in the external electrolyte can be accurately evaluated, in the vicinity of the structure A, the pseudo-member 1 of the structure A, the specific surface 12 outside provided in electrical contact with the electrolyte 6, and an electrolyte solution 19 and the external electrolyte 6 of the reference electrode 3 and electrical contact was in the vicinity of a specific plane 12 to measure the potential of the reference electrode reference pseudo member 1 to evaluate the corrosion and corrosion conditions of the structure a on the basis of the measured potentials measurement.


High-temperature spectroelectrochemestry was applied to study corrosion of various types of stainless steel in molten salts. The electronic absorption spectra of products of anodic dissolution of stainless steel major components (iron, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, manganese, titanium) were measured in NaCl-KCl melt at 750 0 C. The effectiveness and limitations of applying spectroscopic method for studying alloys corrosion was demonstrated on example of anodic dissolution of AISI 316L, 316Ti and 321 austenitic steels. The major corrosion products of steels are iron, manganese and chromium species. Prolongation of anodic dissolution leads to increasing chromium-to-iron ratio in the melt. Titanium in steels forms very stable carbonitride species that aren't dissolved during anodic oxidation.


The GENET (gene + net) Forum was designed as a contribution to help teachers and pupils to develop critical thinking, creativity, and values capable of assuring to future citizens an active and responsible involvement in societal evolution. This project (which includes a chat and online discussion forum) explores the ethical, legal, and social implications associated with biotechnology and genetics advances and aims to be a discussion catalyst. It is a place where European students and teachers can compare their opinions with those of their peers through the Internet. Some controversial issues related with biotechnology innovations are discussed. The forum asks all participants to give their opinions and/or discuss others' opinions (in Portuguese, Spanish, French, or English). This paper presents and discusses the results, potentialities, and difficulties of GENET's implementation. (Author/MM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization yiginating it. QrMinor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. 2 1 ECER 2000 European Conference on Educational Research Edimburgo, Reino Unido, 19 a 24 de Setembro de 2000 Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. TITLE The Genet Project The Discussion of Biotechnology and Genetics Controversies at Internet


The challenge of social and cultural diversity to contemporary European society is not new. But in the last decade, it has again become a sensitive political issue. The permanent presence of significant groups of immigrants – in particular what the Canadians [1] call 'visible minorities' – has led to new questions about the inclusion (or exclusion) of citizens and foreign residents, and the public recognition of religious (often Muslim) practices and badges of identity.


CD3γ and CD3δ are the most closely related CD3 components, both of which participate in the TCRαβ–CD3 complex expressed on mature T cells. Interestingly, however, CD3δ does not appear to participate functionally in the pre‐T‐cell receptor (TCR) complex that is expressed on immature T cells: disruption of CD3δ gene expression has no effect on the developmental steps controlled by the pre‐TCR. Here we report that in contrast with CD3δ, CD3γ is an essential component of the pre‐TCR. We generated mice selectively lacking expression of CD3γ, in which expression of CD3δ, CD3ϵ, CD3ζ, pTα and TCRβ remained undisturbed. Thus, all components for composing a pre‐TCR are available, with the exception of CD3γ. Nevertheless, T‐cell development is severely inhibited in CD3γ‐deficient mice. The number of cells in the thymus is reduced to <1% of that in normal mice, and the large majority of thymocytes lack CD4 and CD8 and are arrested at the CD44−CD25+ double negative (DN) stage of development. Peripheral lymphoid organs are also practically devoid of T cells, with absolute numbers of peripheral T cells reduced to only 2–5% of those in normal mice. Both TCRαβ and TCRγδ lineages fail to develop effectively in CD3γ‐deficient mice, although absence of CD3γ has no effect on gene rearrangements of the TCRβ, δ and γ loci. Furthermore, absence of CD3γ results in a severe reduction in the level of TCR and CD3ϵ expression at the cell surface of thymocytes and peripheral T cells. The defect in the DN to double positive transition in mice lacking CD3γ can be overcome by anti‐CD3ϵ‐mediated cross‐linking. CD3γ is thus essential for pre‐TCR function.


In this study, a sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) block copolymer was prepared from hydrophilic oligomer and hydrophobic oligomer. The structure of the prepared membrane was characterized by H-NMR, FT-IR and GPC. The Mw(weight-average molecular weights) of the polymer was 209,700 g mol and the molecular weight distribution(Mw/Mn) of 1.25 was obtained. The prepared membrane showed excellent thermal stability with gradual weight loss up to 200°C. The proton conductivity of SPAEK block copolymer reached the maximum of 9.0 mS cm at 90°C under 100% relative humidity (RH). From the observed results, it is necessary to do more aggressive attempt to study the possibility of application as an ion-conductive composite electrolyte.


PT. Freeport Indonesia is one of the mining company that process the copper and gold ore. One type of ore processed in this company is Super Grade Ore (SGO). The characteristics of SGO are wet and smooth, which can result some problems in transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to do blending process using material from Kokonao stockpile which tends to be drier and rougher, but has the lower grade than Cut of Grade of company. Applying experimental method, this research aims to figure out effects of the addition of Kokonao material in the blending process with SGO on concentrate grade and metal recovery resulted. Overall, the levels of Cu and Au reduce when the Kokonao material added at each various composition, with the lowest Cu grade is 100% Kokonao (1,97%) and the highest Cu grade is 10% Kokonao (25,69%). Meanwhile, the lowest Au grade is 100% Kokonao portion (3,26 ppm) and the highest Au grade is 20% Kokonao (38,16 ppm). In addition, All various compositions result in Cu recovery that is higher than the company standard (>80%). The highest Cu recovery is resulted by 50% Kokonao composition (97,12%).


783 April 2013 P OSTOPERATIVE respiratory failure is most commonly defined as the need for mechanical ventilation for more than 48 h or unplanned postoperative reintubation. Although postoperative respiratory complications can occur through a number of different mechanisms, including infection, transfusion injury, and inflammatory lung injury from sepsis, a common factor leading to the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation is the inability of respiratory muscles to support adequate oxygenation and ventilation. The first step toward preventing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) is a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of postoperative respiratory muscle dysfunction. In this issue of AnESThESIOlOgy, Sasaki et al.1 provide just such a comprehensive review. Postoperative respiratory failure is a major contributor to perioperative morbidity and mortality. For example, in a large cohort of surgical patients studied in the national Surgical Quality Improvement Program undergoing major vascular and general surgical operations, 3% experienced postoperative respiratory failure.2 The patients who experienced postoperative respiratory failure had a 30-day mortality of 26.5% compared with a mortality rate of 1.4% in those patients who did not experience postoperative respiratory failure. In addition to morbidity and mortality, these complications are expensive. Dimick et al.3 showed that the additional cost associated with postoperative respiratory failure was $62,704. Anesthesia providers play a key role in the prevention of respiratory muscle–related PPCs. Preoperative preparation, intraoperative management, and immediate postoperative care can have a major impact on the occurrence of this morbidity. For example, in a cohort of 279 patients scheduled to undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery, preoperative respiratory muscle training consisting of 2 weeks of daily incentive spirometry against an inspiratory load resulted in statistically significant reductions in pneumonia and reduced length of stay.4 The choice of anesthetic technique can impact the incidence of PPCs. Severe postoperative pain can result in shallow breathing and atelectasis, and treatment of this pain with opioids will reduce minute ventilation and respiratory drive. In a meta-analysis of patients undergoing thoracic and abdominal surgery, Pöpping et al.5 showed that odds of developing postoperative pneumonia was reduced nearly 50% in patients receiving epidural versus intravenous analgesia. Intraoperative use of neuromuscular blockade may also impact PPCs. In a recent prospective cohort study, grosseSundrup et al.6 demonstrated that the use of intermediateacting neuromuscular blocking agents was associated with postoperative oxygen desaturation (<90%) and reintubation requiring unplanned intensive care unit admission. Interestingly, train-of-four monitoring and use of reversal agents such as neostigmine did not reduce the incidence of these complications. Postoperatively, early use of continuous positive airway pressure for the prevention of hypoxemia reduced the occurrence of reintubation, pneumonia, sepsis, and intensive care unit length of stay compared with treating the postoperative hypoxemia with supplemental oxygen.7 Although PPCs are most commonly associated with respiratory muscle dysfunction, it is clear that overall muscle strength and conditioning in other muscle groups have a salutary effect on respiratory function. Early mobilization of hospitalized patients can reduce a number of complications, especially those associated with mechanical ventilation. Patients in the intensive care unit frequently suffer from muscle weakness, the cause of which is often multifactorial, but which can be ameliorated with early mobilization.8 Schweickert et al.9 randomized 104 mechanically ventilated patients to either early exercise and mobilization during periods of daily sedation interruption (intervention group) or routine care during sedation interruption (control group). Patients in the intervention group had a reduced incidence of delirium and 1.5 fewer days of mechanical ventilation. Finally, in patients subjected to mechanical ventilation, the way in which we provide ventilator support can affect outcomes. Patients requiring mechanical ventilation rapidly develop disuse atrophy of respiratory muscles. levine et al.10 obtained biopsy specimens from the diaphragms of 14 braindead organ donors before organ harvest. They showed that as early as 18 h after the initiation of mechanical ventilation, the Postoperative Respiratory Muscle Dysfunction


Objective To evaluate the value of CT in the diagnosis and treatment of diastematomyelia.Methods CT featurs and clinic characteristics in 12 patients with diastematomyelia proved pathologically or clinically were analyzed retrospectively.Results According to CT findings,the disease could be classified two types,each type was subdivided into complete form and incomplete one.The spetum(type Ⅰ) included complete form of osseous septum(7 cases),incomplete osseous septum(1 case),cartilage setpum(1 case) and fibrous septum(2 cases),another one was without septum(type Ⅱ)(1 case).All the cases had other congenital abnormalities.The correct rate of diagnosis was 92% in the 12 cases.Ten cases were treated by septum excision.Conclusion CT possesses characterical findings and significant clinical value in diagnosis of diastematomyelia.CT could show other abnormalities and provide evidence for surgical plan.


Early (Pre-hatch) gender classification of fertilized avian eggs is an important industrial and ethical problem as male chicks are manually identified and terminated after hatching in routine egg production pipeline. The chemical composition of male and female eggs are known to differentiate, yet there is no nondestructive method deployed. We propose to analyze the chemical combination of fertilized eggs by means of Raman spectroscopy. A genetic algorithm based classifier is trained and tested on a sample of 20 eggs. Preliminary results suggest the feasibility of the proposed method in industrial applications.


(197.9). 7) Hamlin D. J., Cockett A. T. H.: Computed tomography bladder: stagIng of bladder cancer using low density opacification tecnique, Vrology, I); 331 (1979). 8) Hounsfield G. N.: Computerized transverse axial scaninng (tomography). Part I. Description of system. Brit. J. Urol., 46; 1016 (1973). 9) Keel L.: Computerized tomography using the EMI general purpose scanner. Brit. J. Radiol., 50; 2 (1977). 10) Kenny G. M., Hartoner G. J.. Moore R. M., Murphy G. P.: Current result from treatment of stage C and D bladder tumors at Roswell Park Memorial Hospital. J. Vrol., ro7; 56 (1972). II) Lee J. K. T., Stanley R. Y., Evens R. G.: Accuracy of CT in detecting intraabdominal and pelvic lymph node metastases from pelvic cancer. Amer. J. Roentgenol., IF; 675 (1978). 12) Resnik M. J., O'Conor V. J.: Segmental resection for carcinoma of the bladder: review of 102 patients. J. Urol., ro9: 1007 (1973). 13) Sagel S. S., Stanley R. J., Evens R. G.: Early clinical experience with motionless whole body computed tomography. Radiology, H9; 321 (1977). 14) Scheffer B., Koehler P. R., Daniel C. A., Wohl G. T., Rivera E., Meyers W. A.: A critical evaluation of Iymphoangiography. Radiology, 80; 917 (1963). 15) Seidelmann F. E., Cohen W. N., Bryan P. J.: Computed tomography in bladder neoplasm. Radiol. Clin. North Amer., 15: 419 (1977). 16) Seidelmann F. E., Ternes S. P., Cohen W. N., Bryan P. J., Patil V .• Sherry R. G.: Computed tomography of gas· filled bladder: method of staging bladder neoplasm. Urology, 9; 337 (1977)' 17) Seidelrnann F. E., Cohen W. N .• Bryan P. G., Ternes S, P., Kraus D., Schoenrock G.: Accuracy of CT staging of bladder neoplasms using gas-filled method: report of 21 patients with surgical confirmation. Amer. J. Roentgenol., 1)0; 735 (1978). 18) Stephens D.• Hattery R. R.• Muhrn J. R., Hartman G. W .• Sheedy P. F.: Computed tomography of the body: initial clinical trial with the EMI prototype. Amer, J. Roentgenol., T27; 23 (1976).


We wish to investigate the development phase of a simple and reliable method allowing Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiaton retrieval at local scale (France). The 20% aimed precision should allow volatil organic compounds emission simulation through the Meso-NH atmospheric chemistry model developped together by CNRM (Centre National de Recherche Meteorologique) and LA (Laboratoire d'Aerologie). The process works with ten days synthetic datas from SPOT4/VEGETATION sensor, and allows ten days and kilometric scale LAI and FAPAR maps calculations, over any selected geographic box included inside the French territory. Satellite datas help identifying fonctionnal vegetation properties through spectral signatures of the vegetation cover over the year. The association of radiometric data with ground cover information derived from the Corine Land Cover database (250m resolution) shows evidence of a sufficiant relevance rate to allow identification of about ten different vegetation classes of interest. The radiometric VEGETATION signal is unmixed following Faivre (Faivre & Fisher, 1997) algorithm. The signal componants allow then direct estimation of LAI and FAPAR, using the semi-empirical Sellers approach (Sellers & Berry et al, 1992). Images therefore produced mix the calculations results over VGT pixels equivalent surfaces, meaning in the end a kilometric scale.


The authors proposed a new pattern encoding method of the visual 2D barcode based on halftone technology and texture features in halftone images. Combining the similarity of halftone texture with the distribution of encoded information in code-image, the authors also defined code-patterns to denote 0 and 1 and carried on pattern replacement to encode with the principle of consistency of local gray level. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the encoding capacity and visual effect of coded images.


The demand for career education is real and it is strong, concludes the author, who encourages educators to de bate the concept after reviewing its basic components, . current status, and implications.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of feline polycstic kidney disease in Persian cats presented to the University of Melbourne Veterinary Clinic and Hospital between February and August 1999.

DESIGN
A prospective clinical study using client owned animals was performed.

PROCEDURE
Two hundred and fifty Persian cats, ranging in age from 13 weeks to 10 years, were presented to the University of Melbourne Veterinary Clinic and Hospital for ultrasound examination of both kidneys. The cats were placed in dorsal and lateral recumbency and alcohol and ultrasonic coupling gel were applied to the skin. The kidneys were examined ultrasonographically in longitudinal, sagittal and transverse planes. Results were recorded for each cat at the time of examination as either negative or positive for PKD. In addition 14 Exotics (short-haired Persians), 4 Ragdolls and 3 British Short-Hair cats were examined.

RESULTS
Forty five percent of Persian cats examined were found to be positive for feline polycystic kidney disease on the basis of presence of anechoic cysts within the renal parenchyma. These cats ranged in age from 13 weeks to 10 years. Fifty per cent of the Exotic cats were positive for polycystic kidney disease whereas all Ragdolls and British Short Hairs were negative for the disease. Only one positive cat was reported to be showing clinical signs of renal disease.

CONCLUSION
The prevalence of feline polycstic disease in Persian cats presented to the University of Melbourne between February and August 1999 was 45%. Exotic cats were found to have the slightly higher incidence of 50%.


This essay links the prevalence of nonverbal characters in English melodrama to eighteenth-century deaf education and Enlightenment linguistic anthropology. It reveals how Thomas Holcroft's Deaf and Dumb (1801) and A Tale of Mystery (1802) draw upon the instructional practices of the Abbé de l'Épée, the founder of the first free school for the deaf; upon the origin of language debate; and upon the idea that gestural communication had the power to resolve linguistic conflict. Analyzing these associations advances insight into the rise of English melodrama, complicates notions of its inherent conservatism, and suggests that nonverbal signs, as they were practiced by deaf people and performed by actors on stage, provided one of Romanticism's most salient points of imagined access to expressive truth—a truth Holcroft believed to be key to social and political reform.


In accordance with the building of a tourist city and the building of a harmonious society put forward in "the resolution on major issues regarding the building of A hamonious Society by CCCPC",the paper tentatively puts forward the evaluation norms and calculation method and makes a calculation with Shenzhen as an example.


This article examines religious practices in the United States, which govern modesty and other dress norms for men. I focus both on the spaces within which they most collide with regulatory regimes of the state and the legal implications of these norms, particularly for observant Muslim men. Undergirding the research are those "gender equality" claims made by many religious adherents, that men are required to maintain proper modesty norms just as are women. Also undergirding the research is the extensive anti-Islam bias in American culture today. The spaces within which men's religiously proscribed dress and grooming norms are most at issue—indicated by First Amendment legal challenges to rights of religious practice—are primarily those state-controlled, total institutions Goffman describes, such as in the military and prisons. The implications of gendered modesty norms are important, as state control over religious expression in prisons, for example, is much more difficult to contest than in other spaces, although this depends entirely on who is doing the contesting and within which religious context. In American society today — and particularly within the context of growing Islamaphobia following the 9/11 attacks — the implications are greatest for those men practicing "prison Islam."


Hidroxyvouacapan-6α-7β, 17β-lactone (HVL) is a synthetic derivative of 6α, 7β-dihydroxyvouacapan-17β-oic acid (ADV) which was isolated from the fruits of Pterodon polygalaeflorus Benth. Both compounds showed anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
 According to studies conducted by Euzébio et al. in 2009 and 2010, ADV, HVL and some derivatives showed antiproliferative activity in different line of cancer cells, including the K562 leukemia. In this paper, we propose a combination of quantum-chemical methods, multivariate analysis
 and statistical to assess semi-empirical (AM1, PM3 and ZINDO), Hartree-Fock (HF) and DFT (B3LYP) methods in different basis set for determining which method better describes in sign and magnitude the geometric parameters of HVL compared to crystallographic data. PCA results were based on three
 main components, explaining 88.79% of the total variance for the geometrical parameters O2C6, O4C17C14C, C16O1C12, C6C7O3C17 and O3C7C8C14. DFT (B3LYP) method corresponded well with experimental data in hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The experimental and theoretical angles were analyzed
 by linear regression and statistical parameter (correlation coefficients, significance and predictability) were evaluated.


Because energy efficiency is gaining more importance these days and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) could be used to make use of potential everyday objects into Internet of Things (IOT) - a software, platform and vendor independent common service interface that can be used in such low resource devices has high potential. OPC UA is an emerging middleware solution that addresses the above points but is bulky due to its abundant features. Further optimization is necessary to bring the OPC UA into such resource-limited devices. We have scaled down the OPC UA protocol stack footprint down to the chip level [16]. In this paper, we propose an optimization approach to minimize the OPC UA network footprint.


Two new crown ether cyanine dyes,3,3′-diethyl-5,6,5′,6′-bis (15-crown-5)-thiacarbocyanine iodide (1),λ_(max)~(CH_3OH) 593nm,e=1.32×10~5,3,3′-diethyl-5,6-(15-crown-5)-thiacarbocyanine iodide (2),λ_(max)~(CH_2OH)575nm,e=1.0×10~5 and thier synthetic intermediates: 4-bromo-5-nitrobenzo(15-crown-5) (3),2,2′-dinitro-4,5,4′,-5′-bis(15-crown-5)-diphanyl disulphide (4),2-methyl-5,6-(15-crown-5)-benzothiazole(5)and 2-methyl-3-ethyl-5,6-(15-crown-5)-benzothiazolium iodide (6)were synthesized. The melting point (℃) and yield (%) of them are shown as follows.1,296~298,72; 2,279~281d.,71; 3,112~113,77; 4,212~213,81; 5,83~84,83; 6,192~194,87.


the paper discusses and attempts to analyze the impact of technological methods of forming fibrous composite materials (fCM) epoxy matrix (Lh 289) on the quality of the obtained laminates with different participation and the type of reinforcement. Presented aspects and the differences in production methods fCM injection of resin under pressure into the mold cavity, for example, the infusion methods and vacuum bag. In this paper for estimating parameters (lok, σmax) defining the strength fCM model was used the weakest micro volume is based on ineffective (critical – Lkr) the length of the gain. the model assumes that the three layer composite consists of components having an individual physico-mechanical properties. It was found that the destruction of hybrid composites made by decapitation and the boundary interface of the resin layer between two layers of carbon "biaxal" (with an angle of ± 45° fiber orientation), which was a layer of glass fabric. the model calculation provides the unified position, a tool for coordinated description of strength. It is shown that the model gives relatively good results.


The article is devoted to the development and formulation of the author's understanding of the organization object in criminal cases of corruption crimes. The place of the scientific paradigm of thinking is found in the formation of organizational activity in criminal cases of corruption crimes. The attention is focused on value-ideological foundation of the anti-corruption legislation law as a strategic component of the criminal proceedings on corruption crimes. The importance of libertarism is explained in standartization thinking of officials.


For current LESS robotic systems, the trade‐off between dexterity and payload capability is always present. This paper presents a novel LESS robotic platform equipped with controllable stiffness manipulation arms.


This paper probes into the general model of modern sci-tech information work,and puts forward a new concept of sci-tech information work that the modern sci-tech information work is based on knowing well one's own situation and that of the counterpart,and integrates various information resources in the whole economic activities and carries out through the operation of capital.


Based on Florian Mazel's book L'évêque et le territoire. L'invention médiévale de l'espace (ve–xiiie siècle), this article seeks to revisit the spatial turn that has marked medieval studies in France over the last thirty years. Historians of dominium in the feudal period draw on the phenomena of incastellamento or inecclesiamento to suggest a territorial anchoring of populations around the "poles" or "cells" of domination represented by the castle, the church, the cemetery, and the parish. Mazel, however, offers a reflection on another scale. He sees territory as a space for the expression of political sovereignty, with the Church and its establishment of a new form of spatiality—the diocese—preceding the state as an institution realized via a territorial construction. Through its focus on the diocese, this analysis concentrates on a scale which makes sense within a general hierarchical dynamic of ecclesial spatialization, from top to bottom, from local to universal. But it also and above all enables an interrogation of how the territorial practices of the medieval Church made possible the transition to space in the modern, homogeneous and isotropic, sense.


The release of textile azo dyes to the environment is an issue of health concern while the use of microorganisms has proved to be the best option for remediation.Thus in the present studyan attempt was made to examine the potential ofStereum ostrea,a white rot fungi for Decolorization of azo dye – Remazol Brilliant Violet (RBV). S. ostrea was grown in Koroljova liquid medium spiked with a concentration of RBV dye at 200ppm. RBV dye at 200ppm level was not toxic to S. ostrea as recovery of larger biomass from dye amended medium than from control. pH changes occurred in the culture medium within a range of 3.93 to 5.32 without dye upon growth of the fungal culture. Decolorization of RBV dye took place in culture broth during growth of S. ostrea in medium spiked with 200ppm level of dye. There was increase in Decolorization of dye from 14% within two days of incubation to 70% in 10 days of incubation.Impact of RBV dye on secretory capacity of S. ostrea was also assessed. Secretion of extracellular protein by S. ostrea was not affected by the presence of dye at 200ppm level. Soluble protein was secreted in to culture broth to the extent of 160 μg/ml in control as against 170 μg/ml within 6 days of incubation. The white rot fungus S. ostrea is known for secretion of ligninolytic enzymes – laccase, manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP). Therefore ligninolytic enzymes, secreted by S .ostrea in medium with/without dye were compared.Laccase appeared to be a dominant one in ligninolytic enzymes of S. ostrea as reflected by recovery of this enzyme in maximum titers. Yields of laccase, MnP and LiP obtained from medium ammended with 200 ppm dye were always higher than those of respective enzymes from control during course of growth of S. ostrea. At 10 th dayof incubation, secretion of three ligninolytic enzymes was enhanced 1.2 to 2.6 folds in medium with dye in comparison to control.


Diabetes mellitus (DM) occupies an important place in the structure of mortality, as well as among the causes of disability and deterioration in the quality of life of the population. In this regard, the study of phytopreparations is promising for practical medicine in order to identify new medicinal plants that actively affect metabolic processes to prevent complications of DM, and create new phytopreparations. That drugs could enhance the effect of sulfonamides and potentiate the effect of insulin, thereby reducing the dose of the latter, and it is important for long-term chronic diseases, such as DM. The aim. To study the prospects for the use of phytopreparations in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. The analytical, logical, generalization methods were used in the work. The analytical method of the study involved deepening the search for phytopreparations and the prospects for their use in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and generalization of the data obtained. The logical method of exploratory research of promising phytopreparations was applied in a certain logical sequence, as a result of which the specificity, stage-bystage and generalization of the relevance of the use of phytopreparations in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus was provided for scientific research. The generalizing research method was to determine and prove the characteristics of phytopreparations (analysis and synthesis) and their advantages over synthetic drugs. Results and discussion. The main directions of herbal medicine for DM are associated with reproduction of the effects of insulin, normalization of glucose uptake, stimulation of regeneration of β-cells of the Langerhans islets, elimination of excess glucose from the body – phytopreparations with diuretic properties; elimination of hypoxia – phytopreparations-antihypoxants. In DM, herbal medicine will reduce the frequency of side effects in classical antidiabetic therapy. For any type of diabetes, herbal medicine is prescribed to patients as an improvement in the microcirculation of tissues, normalization of the functions of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, kidneys and eyes. Conclusions. Despite a wide range of drugs used to correct the hemodynamic and metabolic manifestations of the insulin resistance syndrome, they do not fully meet the needs of practical medicine due to the presence of pronounced side effects. In addition, the pharmaceutical market of herbal medicines is very limited and represented mainly by species of medicinal plants, which have certain inconveniences in their use. All this indicates the relevance of the search, creation and introduction of effective and, at the same time, low-toxic drugs based on the medicinal plant raw material into medical practice for the pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes and its complications


tors or desirable standards of behaviour, operation or practice, usually for the purpose of bestowing some sort of formal recognition or acceptance. Thus standards for library education have been developed against which accreditors and library educators may evaluate library education. A review of the literature on standards in library education resulted in the isolation of the following five sets of standards in the English language and one set of international standards all of which had been published since 1960:


The level set method, because of its implicit handling of topological changes and low sensitivity to noise, is one of the most effective unsupervised change detection techniques for remotely sensed images. In this letter, an expectation-maximization-based level set method (EMLS) is proposed to detect changes. First, the distribution of the difference image generated from multitemporal images is supposed to satisfy Gaussian mixture model, and expectation-maximization (EM) is then used to estimate the mean values of changed and unchanged pixels in the difference image. Second, two new energy terms, based on the estimated means, are defined and added into the level set method to detect those changes without initial contours and improve final accuracy. Finally, the improved level set method is implemented to partition pixels into changed and unchanged pixels. Landsat and QuickBird images were tested, and experimental results confirm the EMLS effectiveness when compared to state-of-the-art unsupervised change detection methods.


This paper is motivated by the results of G. Mikhalkin about a certain class of real algebraic curves, called Harnack curves, in toric surfaces. Mikhalkin has proved the existence of such curves as well as topological uniqueness of their real locus.
The authors are concerned about an analogous statement in the case of a smoothing of a real plane branch (C, 0) _ (C2, 0) (an analytically irreducible germ of a real curve). They introduce the class of multi-Harnack smoothings of (C, 0) and prove its existence along with its topological uniqueness.
Theorem 9.3. Any real plane branch (C, 0) has a multi-Harnack smoothing.
Theorem 9.4. Let (C, 0) be a real branch. The topological type of multi-Harnack smoothings of (C, 0) is unique. There are at most two signed topological types of multi-Harnack smoothings of (C, 0). These types depend only on the sequence {(nj ,mj)}, which determines and is determined by the embedded topological type of (C, 0) _ (C2, 0).
In terms of the parameters, multi-Harnack smoothings are multi-semi-quasi-homogeneous, which lets the authors analyze also the asymptotic multi-scales of the ovals.


Book Details Weller, C. E. (2015). Retirement on the rocks: Why Americans can't get ahead and how new savings policies can help. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 236 pages, $50.00, hardcover, ISBN: 9781137395627.Synopsis and EvaluationThis book offers a thorough overview of the issues in retirement planning by an expert in the field. Author Christian E. Weller is a Senior Fellow at the Center for American Progress and a professor of public policy at the University of Massachusetts in Boston. He received a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Weller's areas of expertise include private pensions, Social Security, retirement income security, wealth inequality and asset development, financial institutions, and international economic development.In Chapter 1, the author demonstrates how retirement savings are affected by cycles of unemployment. These effects are influenced by public policy, and therefore need to be addressed through policy interventions. Determining one's ability to pay for basic living expenses and whether or not one has the resources to maintain a desired quality of life are the approaches that Weller indicates are used in the practice of capturing expected income needed at retirement. Approaches for retirement income adequacy are also influenced by public policy, such as Medicare, Medicaid, and regulations for defined benefit and defined contribution plans.Weller discusses the ways in which retirement savings are fragmented into separate mechanisms. The major avenues of retirement income include Social Security, defined benefit pension plans, defined contribution plans such as a 401 (k), and housing. Social Security and pension plans yield lower risk to the plan holder than the individualized 401 (k) savings plans. However, employers have shifted from pension plans toward individualized savings plans partly due to new funding rules that increase volatility. According to Weller, needed risk protections would include better managing the interests of financial institutions and the interests of the people, so that investment decisions are made for the people and not with the mindset of maximizing fees or commissions.Weller suggests that risks affecting these savings include unemployment and financial market risk. In the financial market, stocks assume more risk than housing when considering unexpected changes, but housing assumes more risk when considering liquidity. Therefore, Weller notes that diversifying by selecting investments whose rates of return are not correlated may protect investors from some financial risk. Individualized savings plans increase risks that households with pension plans are not exposed to, because the correlating links between the labor and financial markets tighten as individualized savings increase.Weller describes in Chapter 2 the risky asset concentration indicator for diversification, which is a ratio of the share of stocks and housing out of the total household assets-higher levels of debt relative to savings lead to higher risk exposure, which increases wealth inequality. He delves into the issues underlying wealth inequality in Chapter 3, arguing that wealth is influenced by race and education and thus stressing the need for higher education among all races. He argues that households with greater labor market risk (risk of unemployment) have less wealth. Data presented in Chapter 4 show that inadequate retirement savings is greater among communities of color, single women, and the less educated.In Chapter 5, Weller argues that the strains on Social Security are due to income inequality, as higher benefit amounts are received by lower wage earners. …


Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a challenging procedure used in the removal of colorectal neoplasms and various methods have been developed to improve its performance [1–3]. Among these, the pocket-creation method (PCM) allows the safe and efficient removal of neoplastic lesions, using precise submucosal dissection just above the muscularis propria [4, 5]. However, the pocket-opening phase of PCM is often cumbersome and time-consuming. We have invented a new technique using single-clip traction that we have called PCM with clip traction (PCM-CT), which we believe improves the speed and safety of the pocket-opening phase. PCM-CT creates submucosal traction by using a single hemoclip to affix normal mucosa from the distal side of the lesion to normal mucosa on the opposite colonic wall (▶Fig. 1). This elongates the submucosa, enabling clearer identification of the safest submucosal dissection line. A 20-mm, Paris IIa, nongranular, JNET 2B, laterally spreading lesion in the proximal ascending colon (diagnosed on pathology as being a well differentiated slightly invasive submucosal adenocarcinoma with a 400-μm invasion depth, negative lymphovascular invasion, and negative margins) was removed using the PCM-CT (▶Fig. 2; ▶Video 1). As per the standard PCM, a submucosal pocket was first created below the lesion. Next, a circumferential mucosal incision was performed approximately 7mm outside the margin


Using first-principles calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, we theoretically explored the potential applications of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) for H2/CH4 separation. The h-BN with appropriate pores possesses excellent H2/CH4 selectivity (>105 at room temperature). Furthermore, the adsorption energies (0.1 eV more or less) of both H2 and CH4 on the designed monolayer membranes are sufficiently low to prevent the blocking of the nanopores in a realistic separating process. Particularly, we demonstrate a highly promising membrane (h-BN with a triangular pore and a N9H9 rim) with a calculated diffusion barrier of 0.01 eV for H2 diffusion, and the simulated flux of H2 across the single layer is as large as 4.0 × 107 GPU at 300 K. Additionally, the estimated permeability of H2 significantly exceeds the industrially accepted standard for gas separation over a broad temperature range. Therefore, our results suggest that porous boron nitride nanosheets will be applicable as new membranes for gas se...


: The snacking habit of street food among school children has become a general habit in all socio-economic levels in society. Street foods are expected to contribute energy and other useful nutrients for growing school children (Manalu, 2016). The objective of this study was 1) to assess the quality of street foods in Elementary School with the indicator of Escherichia coli bacteria and 2) to recommend revitalising the school food safety team. The type of research was an observation that is descriptive with a cross-sectional design. The location was chosen based on the highest prevalence rate of diarrhoea in Surabaya. The research sample consisted of 109 street foods (including beverages) in 4 Elementary Schools. The results showed there were 42 (38.5%) food and beverages contaminated with potentially pathogenic E.coli bacteria and 4 (3.7%) food and beverages contaminated with pathogenic E.coli bacteria. It is expected to establish or revive the School Food Safety Team (TKP) to ensure that the food and drinks sold in the canteen and around the school are safe and healthy to consume.


In order to effectively reduce the vibration of motorcycle,the dynamic performance of motorcycle frame is analyzed and the mathematic model for structural optimization is established.Based on the finite element model of the motorcycle frame,the dynamic sensitivity and optimization design are investigated,and the structural parameters are optimized,such as the thickness of motorcycle frame's plates and tubes and the diameter of the pipe.The results show the optimization structural parameters can meet the needs of the constraints and can get better matching performance.Thus the vibration of motorcycle can be reduced remarkably.


The invention discloses high-chromium cast iron which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 2.3%-2.7% of C, 14%-16% of Cr, 0.4%-0.6% of Mo, 0.3%-0.5% of Ni, 0.3%-0.5% of Cu, 0.8%-1.3% of Si, 0.6%-1.0% of Mn, not more than 0.04% of S, not more than 0.04% of P and the balance of Fe. A preparation method of the high-chromium cast iron comprises the following steps: smelting in a smelting furnace to form molten alloy, deoxidizing, adding 0.3%-0.6% of a compound inoculant and 0.1%-0.2% of a compound modifier based on the total weight of the molten alloy for inoculating and modifying for the first time, and pouring the molten alloy into a casting ladle for inoculating and modifying for the second time, wherein 0.2%-0.4% of the compound inoculant and 0.3%-0.6% of the compound modifier based on the total weight of the molten alloy are prearranged in the casting ladle, the compound inoculant is a Ti-V-CaO-BaCO3-Zn compound inoculant, and the compound modifier is a rare earth ferrosilicon alloy modifier. According to the preparation method, the recession resistance of an inoculation and modification structure can be improved, so that the high-chromium cast iron is relatively good in bending strength and wear resistance.


THE object of the American Association is the advancement of science. This is a very different matter from the diffusion of human knowledge. The universities and colleges provide liberally for the latter subject, but neglect the former almost entirely. Science is advanced by many individuals who hold offices in the universities, but seldom as a part of their official duties. Few professors are allowed tb regard research as a portion of their college work, and still less frequently are appropriations made, or funds provided for original investigation. Astronomy is almost the only exception to this rule, and even here, in general, the time of the officers is mainly devoted to teaching. Observatories devoted to research, like Lick, McCormick, and Harvard, are supported by funds given specifically for their use, and receive little or no aid from the general funds of the universities with which they are associated. It is probable that American universities devote one hundred times as much money to the diffusion of human knowledge as to its advancement. The great progress made in America in some departments of astronomy is due to the fact that certain wealthy men and women have been willing to give large sums of money for this object. No other country is so fortunate in this respect, although in recent years, in Germany, large appropriations are being made by the Government for similar purposes.


Sensor networks can be applied to the deployment of intelligent monitoring of ecological environment with the fewest sensor nodes. First, determine the factors under monitoring and the critical points of relevant factors. Next, build the optimized mathematical monitoring model in terms of the monitored factors and critical points. Last, solve the mathematical model and find the critical points with the most properties as the preselected point. Keywords-internet of things (IoT); agricultural monitoring; sensor nodes; node deployment


A chiral, vaulted binaphthyl porphyrin (1) has been prepared from 5α,10β,15α,20β-tetrakis(o-aminophenyl)porphyrin and (R)-(+)-2,2'-dimethoxy-1,1'-bi-6-naphthoyl chloride in 79% yield. Asymmetric oxygenations of alkanes, alkenes, and alkyl sulfides were catalyzed with the chloroiron(III) and chloromanganese(III) complexes of 1 with good yields and high stereoselectivities. The first catalytic asymmetric hydroxylations are reported for 1-Fe III Cl with enantiomeric excesses in the range of 40-72%. The corresponding manganese catalyst, 1-Mn III Cl, gave much lower enantiomeric excesses. For catalytic asymmetric epoxidations, enantiomeric excesses were in the range of 20-72%. Prochiral alkyl sulfides gave sulfoxides with 14-48% ee with 1-Fe III Cl


Complex of β- or γ-cyclodextrin and α-tocopherol, characterized in that it consists of β- or γ-cyclodextrin and α-tocopherol in a molar ratio of 2: is first


The main purpose of this research is to analyze the university of Koya duty region, and the importance of this research is that it will be a road map for the planning and development of  Koya University region, and at the same time it will be clear to us The university has served different areas. In this research, we have relied on the use of the number of students received at the level of administrative institutions to determine the region of the University of Koya duties. For this purpose, the study hypothesizes that the research area has an important geographical position and location, and the university has developed extensively, and also assumes that the scope of koya university's job is as an administrator. In order to achieve the goal of the study, the researcher used regional research, analysis and comparison methods based on the number of students based on their geographical location.
    At the end of the study, it concluded that the university's job region crosses the administrative boundaries of  Koya district in most facalities, crossing the Kurdistan region and Iraq at the university's faculty level, and the degree of this effect varies from one region to another.


Introduction We developed a pilot programme to learn from adverse events in our unit, using in-situ simulation (ISS). Our programme focuses on Endoscopic Non-Technical Skills (ENTS) development as a means to improve learning. Methods A pilot study was designed to evaluate outcomes from the first year of our ISS programme. We conducted a pilot high-fidelity, multidisciplinary ISS session followed by debrief, based on an established simulation model. Faculty included a simulated patient, consultant endoscopist, resuscitation officer and research fellow with a simulation interest. An ENTS confidence score was developed and measured at baseline and after the ISS session. Participants were invited to a follow-up focus group to discuss learning opportunities. Results were collated and analysed thematically to inform the core structure of our ISS programme. Two further high-fidelity ISS sessions were run, with outcomes based on confidence scores and participant feedback. Analysis of ENTS scores was performed using pairwise Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Transcribed focus group discussions and participant feedback was analysed thematically. Results Across all simulation sessions there was a total of 84 participants, of whom the majority were band 5 nurses (50/84; 59.2%). Focus group outcomes were split into learning, barriers to simulation and improving training. Across 12 ENTS domains there was a significant improvement between pre and post confidence scores for all 3 scenarios (p Participant feedback revealed learning subthemes around teamworking, communication skills, leadership, decision-making, situational awareness, strategies for learning and personal development. Conclusions Our pilot study identified improved confidence in 8 of the 12 ENTS domains with learning focused on non-technical skills development. This study provides the basis for further collaborative work across other centres to validate its use as a teaching tool in endoscopy.


This paper not only discusses the related Data Warehouse Technology such as the system architecture of the web-based data warehouse,OLAP and DM and so on,but also describes the state and the issue of the current Telecom Network Management System. In this paper,From this, the solution of Telecom Network Management--Integrated Network Management System based on Web-based Data Warehouse Technology is put forward .Its creation is significant to the improvement of the current Network Management System.


This paper addresses a problem of the two-stage flexible flow shop with reentrant and blocking constraints in Hard Disk Drive Manufacturing. This problem can be formulated as a deterministic FFS|stage=2,rcrc, block|Cmax problem. In this study, adaptive Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization with Cauchy distribution (HPSO) was developed to solve the problem. The objective of this research is to find the sequences in order to minimize the makespan. To show their performances, computational experiments were performed on a number of test problems and the results are reported. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms give better solutions than the classical Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for all test problems. Additionally, the relative improvement (RI) of the makespan solutions obtained by the proposed algorithms with respect to those of the current practice is performed in order to measure the quality of the makespan solutions generated by the proposed algorithms. The RI results show that the HPSO algorithm can improve the makespan solution by averages of 14.78%.


The present essay investigates the logic of the "sovereignty" depicted in Chaucer's "Physician's Tale." In the tale, a father (Virginius) cuts the head of his own flesh and blood daughter (Virginia), whereby it represents the most heinous violence in the entire Chaucerian canon. Strangely enough, however, the narrative tends to justify this extreme violence by approving the power of life and death (Vitae Necisque Potestas) that Virginius holds over his daughter's life as the sovereign father. This essay surveys the political philosophy or logic that resides behind this extreme violence in terms of political theology. "The Physician's Tale" begins with its debate on the sovereignty of Nature as the "vicaire general" of God, and Nature's divine inscription of Her sovereignty on the body of Virginia--as represented by her beauty and virginity--makes her as a sacred subject. The very sacred inscription of Nature's sovereignty upon her body, nonetheless, makes her as an accursed subject at the same time as her beauty and virginity invite Apius's destructive gaze and desire for her. In other words, as its most ambiguous signification of the "homo sacer" denotes, because of the sovereignty inscribed on her body, Virginia becomes at once sacred and accursed being. The very logic of sovereignty makes her an object of her father's violence, since homo sacer is, as Agamben puts it, "the life that may be killed but not sacrificed." As a narrative of political theology, Chaucer's tale depicts how the sovereignty is transferred in the narrative--from God, then to Nature as His chief deputy, then to Virginius as the paterfamilias, and finally to the people who ultimately subvert the entire political order toward the end of the tale. In this process, the tale depicts how the sovereignty, as the power of defining "bare life," is deeply associated with the extreme violence that the tale represents.


This article provides an account of the rise of a bio-politics of governing families and children in Australia and its relations with liberal political reason. Drawing on Foucault's lectures on Security, Territory, Population it maps out the ways in which forms of liberal governing seek to define the nature and scope of norms and freedoms in a population through the practices of the human sciences. Bio-politics is shown to introduce new ways of calculating and intervening upon certain parts of the population and to create normalizing tensions with sovereign or judicial forms of governing.


Providing useful information on the geometrical topology and material properties, CT data has been widely used in the finite element modeling of bone. Many researches have demonstrated the relationship of apparent density of bone tissues and Hounsfield Unit (HU) and various empirical relationships between Young's modulus and the apparent bone density have been established. Due to the partial volume effect, especially the edge part of tissue, the HU value would be lowered down and further affect the reliability of FEM. By applying two methods for material assignment with one HU related and another HU unrelated on the same femoral CT data, this study is aimed to present the influence of partial volume effect on the finite element bone modeling.


The present invention is a novel food and that thereof relates to a process for the preparation, potato, sweet potato or pumpkin, such as steaming or removal of the cooling and shell then baked and then sugar, ice eye type or flakes type containing ice eye type or flakes type and there is an excellent effect capable of providing a novel food and a method having a by prepared by the addition of water milled mixture to a blender potato, sweet potato, pumpkin etc. as Genie the material-specific taste and aroma soft crisp distance texture. Potatoes, sweet potatoes, squash, ice, snow ice type, type of ice flakes, food


Article History: Abstract : Mushroom are functional food which has been consumed for long time due to the various benefits and are rich in nutrients for health. Even though it is not the main food ingredient, local people in Indonesia are accustomed to consuming wild mushroom in the vicinity. One of these mushroom is Scleroderma spp. which grows as ectomycorrhizal mycobiont usually around the Gnetum gnemon L. plant. This study aimed to provide the information regarding poisioning case of Scleroderma in Indonesia and also it's potential utilization. This paper is a literature-based quantitative research. Several previous studies have confirmed the benefits of this mushroom such as antioxidant, antibacteria, and anti-inflammatory which is beneficial for health. However, the result showed that during the last 10 years, there have been 6 cases of poisoning due to consumption of Scleroderma in Indonesia. A total of 54 people have become victims and 4 of them have died. Scleroderma spp. known to be easily found in various places throughout Indonesia. This mushroom is generally recommended to be consumed only in the young fruiting body phase. Some cases of poisoning are thought to be due to the sclerocitrin content in the fruiting body of this mushroom.


In the spring of 2020, autism intervention programs in Geneva, Switzerland, were forced to close during a state-mandated home confinement period, in the response to the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therapists from three programs were asked to move early, intensive intervention sessions to an online video-conferencing format, providing primarily remote parent-implemented intervention sessions over a two-month period. In this study, we assessed the participation and satisfaction of 45 families from diverse cultural and socio-economic backgrounds, with 43 young children on the autism spectrum, and 5 toddlers who were suspected of having autism, as they experienced intervention services via telehealth for the first time. We provided questionnaires, to both the parents and the therapists working with them. Parents, regardless of socioeconomic status or cultural background, were highly motivated and engaged to learn the intervention strategies, with most families reporting high levels of satisfaction with the intensive, remote parent coaching model. The majority of parents reported that they progressed more in their interaction skills with their child with the daily remote coaching sessions, compared to services they received prior to the pandemic. Additionally, parents reported a positive experience with a much higher frequency of coaching sessions than has previously been studied. In our monitoring of child developmental progress, we observed a pattern of continued significant improvement across domains, without any stagnation of progress during the telehealth period. Our findings support previous studies that have demonstrated the benefits of telehealth services for young families with children on the autism spectrum, and go further to demonstrate high levels of satisfaction and motivation with caregivers from diverse cultural and socio-economic backgrounds, when provided with a high frequency of remote parent-implemented intervention.


Clinical evidence indicates that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has a heritable basis (1, 2), at least in part, which could result from a genetic etiology, epigenetic changes, or an admixture of the two causes. The apparent heritable nature of the syndrome has led investigators to search for the gene (or genes) that contribute to development of the PCOS phenotype. One impetus for genetic studies of PCOS was to unravel the etiology of the syndrome and provide greater precision to the diagnosis. Unfortunately, the phenotypic variability of the syndrome represents a major hindrance to that goal because the PCOS phenotype is based on criteria marked by a constellation of features, currently defined by the Rotterdam criteria (3). Thus, the PCOS phenotype is not a clearly delineated disease entity, and there is imprecision of diagnosis. Patients diagnosed with PCOS may satisfy the diagnostic criteria by having different features of the disease. Stated differently, PCOS can be conceptualized as a pathophysiological state of acyclic ovarian function rather than a single distinct disorder. This imprecision in diagnosis raises the strong possibility that PCOS with different root causes will be lumped into the same "diseased category" for comparison with normal controls. Genetic studies of PCOS are also confounded by variability between different investigators, especially if the study design or diagnostic criteria used across studies are not the same. The group of Ewens et al. (4) has used standard diagnostic criteria throughout their studies (oligomenorrhea and increased testosterone levels) to distinguish cases from controls. A potential problem is that any variability in diagnostic criteria between investigators may impact the ability of putative candidate genes identified in one population to be replicated in other populations if the initial population studied was phenotypically dissimilar, as a result of different diagnostic criteria. Investigators conducting genetic studies of PCOS have used several different approaches in different populations. Some have used a candidate gene approach. Other investigators have used linkage studies, either of case-control or family-based sib pairs. Association studies have also been conducted. Another approach is the transmission disequilibrium test—briefly, a family-based test of association designed to minimize error due to population stratification (5). Despite a decade of collaborative efforts, including analysis of 37 candidate genes (6), efforts to identify loci associated with PCOS have been plagued by a lack of replication between association and linkage studies (reviewed in Ref. 7). It seems clear that neither follistatin (8) nor lamin a/c (9) is a critical PCOS gene. So what genes are associated with PCOS? Surprisingly, in 2010 the best evidence of an association of a single gene (locus) with PCOS is the dinucleotide repeat microsatellite marker D19S884 (4, 6, 10–13). The D19S884 marker lies within intron 55 of the fibrillin-3 gene (FBN3, NM_032447). Allele 8 of the D19S884 marker contains 17 "GT" repeats and has been associated with PCOS. In contrast, allele 9 containing 18 GT repeats and allele 13 with 22 GT repeats show no association with PCOS. Fibrillin is a large extracellular matrix protein that forms microfibrils and contains epidermal growth factorlike modules, some of which have a calcium binding consensus sequence (calcium binding-epidermal growth factor-like modules). Related fibrillin family members regulate TGF action, but the reason as to why fibrillin-3 hasbeenassociatedwithPCOSremainsunclear, especially


Alternatia crassa, a mycoherbicide for jimsonweed control, was tested for differential effects on growth, infectivity, and phenolic metabolism of two field-collected jimsonweed varieties. Seeds from field-grown redand green-stemmed jimsonweed varieties were grown in the greenhouse and spores were applied in aqueous solutions. Infection studies showed no significant differences between the two weed varieties when tested at various growth stages from cotyledonary to 8-leaf stage at 2.5 x 10 spores ml". Spore dose response tests with A. crassa spores (6.25 to 100 x 10 spores ml") showed no significant varietal differences in disease ratings. Extractable phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity increased nearly equally (2to 3-fold above control) in both varieties (8to 9-leaf stage) 48 to 72 h after treatment with 5 x 10 spores ml". The only significant differences between treated varieties occurred 72 h after treatment. Exposure to A. crassa lowered total ethanol-soluble phenolic levels in both varieties 72 h after treatment. Spectro photometry scans (400 to 700 nm) of ethanol extracts (72 h after treatment) indicated that infection caused some absor bance increases, especially in red-stemmed jimsonweed. Anthocyanin content was about 11-fold higher in red-stemmed than green-stemmed jimsonweed, and A. crassa treatment slightly increased the anthocyanin absorption peak of the red-stemmed variety. Nomenclature: Jimsonweed, Datura stramonium L . # 3 DATST; Altemaria crassa (Sacc.) Sands. Additional index words. Bioherbkide, biological weed control, D. stramonium L . var. stramonium, D. stramonium L . var. tatula, mycoherbicide, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase [E .C . 220.127.116.11], phenylpropanoid metabolism, DATST.


The behaviour of passively Q-switched solid-state lasers containing intracavity optical parametric oscillators(OPOs) is described in detail.A diode-pumped passively Q-switched Nd:YAG,Cr4+:YAG laser was employed to generate a high-repetition-rate,high-peak-power eye-safe laser beam with an intracavity optical parametric oscillator(OPO) by use of a KTiOPO4(KTP) crystal.Different ranges of repetition rates and pulse widths are obtained by using absorbers of different optical densities.With a Cr4+:YAG wafer of T0=80% low-intensity transmission,3.8 W average power at 1.572 μm wavelength and repetition rate up to 80 kHz with pulse width as narrow as 30 ns are obtained.The peak power is up to 1.58 kW.


Hong Kong is a crowded city with over seven million people living in an area of 1100km 2 . The Hong Kong Housing Authority (HKHA) is the major government institution responsible for constructing public housing as well as maintaining its housing stock of 730,000 units. The public housing is now home for over 2 million people since its first development 60 years ago. With an increasing number of public rental housing buildings approaching 40 years old, the HKHA is facing a major challenge in sustaining its aged housing stock to meet the needs of tenants with heightened expectations. In 2005/06, the HKHA launched a holistic strategy, embracing the Total Maintenance Scheme (TMS), the Comprehensive Structural Investigation Programme (CSIP), and the Estate Improvement Programme (EIP) with the purpose of enhancing sustainability of its buildings using pro-active, systematic and customer-oriented approaches. The TMS features proactive in-flat inspection in five-year cycles, prompt repair and education for tenants to prevent minor repair issues from blowing up into major problems. The CSIP aims to identify the root causes of structural defects, examines the vulnerability of structural elements, and forecasts the long-term structural health of aged buildings. Based on the investigation results, tailor-designed repair solutions are established to extend the service life of aged buildings for at least 15 years. Following the CSIP for an estate, an EIP is implemented to execute the proposed structural repairs together with facility improvements to address demographic changes and growing demands of the estate community. Indeed, the holistic strategy since its inception has been proven to be a success in extending the service life of aged buildings while meeting the sustainability challenges on environmental, economical, and social fronts.


On a freeway with long tunnel will raise a serious congestion in the access zone of the long tunnel during peak hour according to the experience on Freeway No. 5 in Taiwan, which has a long tunnel of 12.9 km in mountain area. The paper investigated the traffic congestion catastrophe characteristics by comparing with the traditional traffic flow model on the freeway. The results illustrate that there is the significant catastrophe characteristic dependent on the locations outside and inside of the tunnel. In this paper, using the catastrophe theory to model the macroscopic traffic model has higher correlation coefficients than the traditional traffic flow model. The catastrophe phenomenon on the entrance zone of the tunnel has more significant jumping feature than in the middle zone inner tunnel. Due to the traffic smoothing and safety following distance control within the long tunnel, the catastrophe feature will be reduced in the inner zone within the tunnel. According to the results, the traffic management strategy could help to reduce the catastrophe feature will be seen as effective alternative for improving the traffic performance of the freeway with long tunnel prospectively.


Recent developments have linked causal inference with Algorithmic Information Theory, and methods have been developed that utilize Conditional Kolmogorov Complexity to determine causation between two random variables. We present a method for inferring causal direction between continuous variables by using an MDL Binning technique for data discretization and complexity calculation. Our method captures the shape of the data and uses it to determine which variable has more information about the other. Its high predictive performance and robustness is shown on several real world use cases.


The fundamental educational task of Messiah College is to promote successful and meaningful learning and to help students attain the College-Wide Educational Objectives. Educational means devoted to helping students attain these objectives can be categorized into curricular or cocurricular programming, with curricular programs defined as those that lead to academic credit for the students and cocurricular programs being defined as programs that do not lead to academic credit. Recognizing the complementary and mutually enriching nature of these two types of programming, it is nevertheless important, for the purposes of governance, to make a functional distinction between those educators primarily involved with curricular programs and those educators primarily involved with the cocurricular programming.


This paper explores the problem of introducing low carbon vehicles in a context where original equipment manufacturers face 'nurtured competition' in the form of sizeable existing fleets of older vehicles embodying conventional (ICE) technologies. Following a review of complementary policy features in a national case study (Britain), it identifies the operation of the used car market as pivotal to the operation of the new car market. It concludes with a brief assessment of future modelling agendas, organised around a discussion of optimal vehicle life, to close the missing policy theme thereby exposed.


Variational inequalities (VI) problems have been generalized and expanded in various ways. The VI principle has become a remarkable study area combining pure and applied research. The study of variational inequality in mathematics is significantly aided by providing an important framework by fixed-point theory. The concept of fixed-point theory can be considered an inherent component of the VI. We consider a mixed variational inequality (MVI) a useful generalization of a classical variational inequality. The projection method is not applicable to solve MVI due to the involvement of the nonlinear term ϕ. MVI is equivalent to fixed-point problems and the resolvent equation techniques. This technique is commonly used in the research on the existence of a solution to the MVI. This paper uses a new self-adaptive method using step size to modify the fixed-point formulation for solving the MVI. We will also provide the convergence of the proposed scheme. Our output could be seen as a significant refinement of the previously known results for MVI. A numerical example is also provided for the implementation of the generated algorithm.


Psychological and sexual effects of Ovosiston (0.08 mg mestranol and 2 mg chlormadinone acetate) and Non-Ovlon (0.05 mg ethinyl estradiol and 1.0 mg norethisterone acetate) were studied in 186 healthy women. Patients were interviewed immediately before beginning hormonal contraception and after 6 months of treatment. Most (99) patients reported changes in mood initiative and elemental needs including appetite sleep need for warmth and sexual behavior. Changes in emotional pattern were reported by 73 patients. Alterations of sexual behavior were reported by 136 patients and were considered improvements by 108. A statistically significant correlation between impairment of sexual function and the incidence of other undesirable side effects was noted. Negative suggestion from the experiences of other women and from the media seem to play a minor role in changes of sexual behavior. There is a clear relationship however between negative suggestion and the incidence of negative emotional changes. Clinical significance of these findings is discussed.(AUTHORS MODIFIED)


A regional water quality control model is developed by linking a steady-state water quality simulation model with an optimization model. The water quality simulation model can be applied to complex river systems with both point and nonpoint loads using mUltiple interdepend€0t pollution parameters described by either linear or nonlinear equations. Twelve water quality parameters can be modeled simultaneously: four nonconservative constituents (or conservative constituents if the decay rate is set equal to zero); coliform bacteria (MPN); phosphorus; biochemical oxygen demand (BOD); ammonia (NH3); nitrate 3 ); dissolved oxygen (DO); temperature (OC); and algae. The water quality model is used to generate constraint equations for the optimization model. The optimization model is formulated as an integer programming problem in which the integer decision variables are wastewater treatment levels or diffuse source management practices to be determined for each load. The model considers the addition or upgrading of wastewater treatment with structural and nonstructural schemes for both point and diffuse pollution sources. A least cost solution is found subject to water quality standards at surveillance points. Additional constraints can include uniform and zoned uniform treatment. Low flow augmentation and bypass piping can be considered with slight water quality simulation model modification. A simulation model-optimization model iteration procedure is used to find an optimum solution. The regional water quality model is applied to two problems, a hypothetical problem and the Jordan River in Utah. The hypothetical