he East African Community (EAC) was revived in July 2000. Since then, there has been some progress registered in expansion of trade between the five member countries, especially with the Customs Union that brought together Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda in 2004, with Rwanda and Burundi joining in 2008. According to the EAC Development Strategy for 2011/12 to 2015/16, intra-EAC trade grew by 40 percent between 2005 and 2009. Uganda's exports to Kenya increased from US$ 15.5 million in 2004 to US$ 172 million in 2009, while Tanzania's exports to Kenya increased from US$ 95.5 million to US$ 300 million over the same period. Growth in exports is expected to be facilitated by the Common Market which came into force in July 2010. The projected increase in trade and investment among the EAC partner states should improve prospects for economic growth and development. However, this expectation falls within on-going debates in policy making agencies, such as the World Bank, regarding the validity of the trade-economic growth nexus in developing countries. Thus, here we examine the export-led growth hypothesis for the EAC countries of Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Burundi using panel co-integration techniques to test the hypothesis that export expansion leads to increased output and economic growth, both in the long and short-run.


At present,more and more attention is paid to research about web information extraction based on ontology in information science.This paper takes the web information extraction from auto news web pages in NetEase as an example,designs and realizes a kind of web information extraction method based on domain ontology.


As one of the most widely investigated and used materials, TiO2 is expected to play a leading role in helping solve environmental and energy issues. In this work, we developed a facile, greener and more controllable approach of preparing anatase TiO2 mesocrystals with largely exposed {001} facets. This approach utilizes the solid–solid topotactic transformation of NH4TiOF3 to anatase TiO2 and only needs a simple sintering process. In order to obtain the exposed {001} facets on the surfaces of final products, the sintering temperature must be between 700 °C and 900 °C. Temperatures below 700 °C lead to unexposed {001} facets. Temperatures above 900 °C lead to a mixed phase of anatase and rutile. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 mesocrystals is much higher than that of the corresponding TiO2 polycrystalline materials and comparable with that of commercially available P25. The exposed {001} facets are believed to play a very important role in the photocatalysis process.


1. A method for altering the biological characteristics of an organism in the aqueous solution, the method comprising the steps of: (A) bringing the aqueous solution into electrical contact with the first electrode device; ! (B) bringing the aqueous solution into electrical contact with the second electrode device non-physical manner, and! (C) passing an electric current between the first and second electrode devices in order to establish an electric field in the aqueous solution. ! 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the biological characteristic is selected from the group consisting of growth, viability, the ability to reproduce, the timing of the cell cycle, the ability to absorb nutrients, integrity or permeability of a membrane or cell wall of the organism, buoyancy and motility. ! 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the biological characteristic is growth. ! 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the growth is increased growth rate. ! 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the biological characteristic is the timing of cell cycle. ! 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the timing of the cell cycle is the synchronization of the cell cycle in a population of organisms. ! 7. The method of claim 6, wherein synchronization of the cell cycle results in the synchronization of sporulation in a cell of an organism. ! 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the biological characteristic is the integrity of the membrane or cell wall of the organism. ! 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the change in membrane integrity or cell wall of the organism leads to cell lysis. ! 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the change in membrane integrity or cell wall of the organism leads to the electroporated cells. ! 11. method


Postdischarge risks of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection among carriers are unknown. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 199 patients newly detected as VRE carriers. Fifteen patients (8%) developed 27 VRE infections in the 18 months after detection. Among 10 postdischarge infections, 2 involved bacteremia and 3 resulted in readmission. As hospital length of stay shortens, it is increasingly important to evaluate postdischarge risks of healthcare-associated infection. Of the estimated 35 million hospital discharges in the United States in 2006, 58% involved hospitalizations of 3 days or less.1 Vancomycinresistant Enterococcus (VRE) is an important source of healthcare-associated infections and causes substantial morbidity and mortality among immunosuppressed patients.2–5 Because VRE carriage is often prolonged,6,7 studies assessing postdischarge risks of VRE infection are needed. We sought to assess the risk of VRE infection among all newly detected carriers both during hospitalization in and after discharge from an academic medical center. METHODS We identified a retrospective cohort of all adult patients from a 750-bed academic medical center in Boston, Massachusetts, who were newly detected with VRE colonization or infection during the period from September 1, 2003, through December 31, 2004. Using this cohort, we assessed the risk of VRE infection within 18 months after initial detection using in-patient and outpatient medical records at the same institution. Because rectal sample screening for VRE was performed at admission and weekly in all intensive care units (ICUs) using conventional cultures,8 all VRE carriers newly detected by means of ICU screening cultures were evaluated as a subgroup. The Brigham and Women's Hospital institutional review board approved this study. Demographic and antibiotic use data were obtained for all patients. Comorbidities were identified with use of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes recorded during the year prior to and during the hospitalization in which VRE carriage was newly detected. All comorbidities were verified by means of medical record review. Malignancies were recorded only if treatment was received during the © 2010 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved. Address reprint requests to Rupak Datta, MPH, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Health Policy Research Institute, 100 Theory, Suite 110, Irvine, CA 92697 (firstname.lastname@example.com). Presented in part: 18th Annual Meeting of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America; Orlando, Florida; April 5–8, 2008; abstract 279. Potential conflicts of interest. All authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 April 13. Published in final edited form as: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2010 December ; 31(12): 1290–1293. doi:10.1086/657332. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript preceding year. Antibiotic administration was recorded from the time of detection to the time of infection, death, or the end of follow-up and grouped into the following classes: broad-spectrum penicillins, third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and vancomycin. We also assessed whether patients were admitted to an ICU during the hospitalization in which VRE carriage was newly detected and whether patients underwent surgery during the prior 6 months. For patients whose initial positive culture results were detected during hospitalization, we assessed preadmission location, hospital length of stay, and discharge disposition. Medical records were reviewed to identify the body site that had been colonized or infected when the initial VRE-positive culture sample was obtained and whether the detection represented colonization or infection on the basis of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria.9 All VRE isolates found within 18 months after initial detection were evaluated for evidence of discrete infection. Two trained reviewers separately verified whether infections represented distinct and unrelated events. Subsequent infections were described according to the infection site and days since initial detection. We determined the proportion of patients who subsequently developed VRE infection within 18 months after initial detection of colonization or infection for all patients and for the subgroup of ICU patients newly detected as carriers by means of screening cultures. The proportion of patients who died within 18 months after detection, from all causes and from VRE, was also assessed. Death due to VRE was defined as VRE infection or bacteremia within 7 days of death and no other cause of death. Potential predictors of VRE infection were assessed using a matched case-control design in which each VRE carrier who subsequently experienced infection was randomly matched to 5 VRE carriers who did not subsequently experience infection. Among control patients, the duration of follow-up was required to be at least as long as the time to infection for the matched case patients. Antibiotic receipt was evaluated for the month prior to infection among case patients and for the corresponding month since time of detection among matched control patients. Potential predictors that yielded P < .10 with the univariate Fisher exact test were entered into multivariate models in which predictors were retained at α = 0.05. RESULTS Among 56,317 hospital admissions, 199 patients (0.4%) were newly detected with VRE colonization or infection. Of these patients, 99 were newly detected as carriers by means of ICU screening cultures (1% of 10,151 ICU admissions). Patient characteristics are summarized in Table 1. The mean age of patients at the time of detection was 65 years. Among in-patients, the median hospital length of stay at the time of detection was 19 days (range, 1–139 days), although 52 (28%) of 187 inpatients had a VRE-positive culture result within 2 calendar days after admission. Among the 100 carriers detected with clinical cultures, 22 (22%) were colonized and 78 (78%) were infected at the time of detection. Fifteen patients (8%) subsequently developed 27 discrete and unrelated VRE infections during the 18 months after detection. The proportion of patients who developed infection was similar among patients whose carriage was detected with ICU screening cultures (8 [8%] of 99) and patients whose carriage was detected with clinical cultures (7 [7%] of 100). The most common infections were urinary tract (10 [37%] of 27), primary bloodstream (7 [26%] of 27), soft-tissue (5 [19%] of 27), and gastrointestinal (2 [7%] of 27) infections. Eight infections (30%) involved bacteremia. More than one-third (10 [37%] of 27) of VRE infections developed after discharge, with 2 (20%) involving bacteremia and 3 (30%) Datta and Huang Page 2 Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 April 13. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript requiring rehospitalization. Most patients (14 [93%] of 15) developed infection at a site distinct from the site of detection. VRE infections occurred a median of 52 days (range, 2– 525 days) after detection of VRE carriage. Within 18 months after VRE detection, 89 (45%) of 199 patients experienced 217 readmissions. One hundred four patients (52%) died a median of 31 days after detection (range, 1–405 days). Of the 104 deaths, 88 (85%), 13 (13%), and 3 (3%) occurred during the first, second, and third 6-month periods after detection, respectively. One death was due to VRE. The results of univariate testing are shown in Table 2. In multivariate analysis, only hematologic malignancy was significantly associated with VRE infection (odds ratio, 9.1 [95% confidence interval, 1.4–60.4]; P = .02). DISCUSSION Among studies evaluating the risk of VRE infection among hospitalized carriers, none have evaluated postdischarge risks of infection. We conducted a hospital-wide study of newly detected VRE carriers and assessed subsequently occurring disease over 18 months. Among all hospitalized patients, new VRE detection was rare, even with an active ICU screening program. Overall, we observed an 8% risk of infection within 18 months after detection. The median time from detection to infection was 52 days, with more than one-third of infections occurring after discharge. Although the risk of later infection was relatively low, the risk of bacteremia, when infection occurred, was high (30%). Similar to prior reports, our findings show that hematologic malignancy is a risk factor for VRE infection.10 Our results also confirm that VRE carriage is commonly seen among severely ill patients. Among newly detected carriers, 52% died within 18 months. Moreover, the median time to death was shorter than the median time to infection. Thus, it is possible that the risk of infection may actually be higher in a less critically ill population. This study has several limitations. First, our comparisons are limited because of a relatively small sample size. In addition, our findings may be an underestimate, because we could not account for infections that occurred at other medical facilities. Nevertheless, this study is one of the largest to investigate VRE carriers identified across an entire hospital population. Although numerous studies of VRE colonization have been performed, studies of VRE infection have been relatively small and limited to specialized subpopulations.3,5 We also note that although patients are described as "newly detected," many newly detected carriers may actually be prevalent carriers, because VRE carriage is often prolonged.7,8 In our study, 28% of inpatients with newly detected VRE carriage had a VRE-positive culture result within 2 days after admissi


The teaching of Physics at college level is becoming monotonous due to several reasons. Majority of students take the course in Physics only because they feel chemistry and Mathematics more difficult to understand. The students only try to cover the syllabus for getting passing marks and are disinterested in any extra efforts. The students who are really interested and who enjoy the beauty of Physics are rare. This makes the teacher complacent and the teaching becomes a routine job. But then we have to make attempts to improve and find solutions to give life to the most important basic branch of Science. We have devised some methodology to make the classroom teaching interesting and we are trying to activate the interest of students in Physics. Our teaching is supported by following activities:A seminar contest in each term on basic topics of Physics where students are encouraged to participate in large number.A Physics Quiz to enhance the knowledge level of students.Physics exhibition on innovative ideas.Classroom demonstration of Physics experiments.Visits to places of scientific interest like science centers, TIFR, BARC, Planetarium, Sky watching etc.Arranging workshop for students to have hand-on experience of Physics basics.


Although surface sialic acid is considered a key determinant for the survival of circulating blood cells and glycoproteins, its role in platelet survival is unclear. We investigated the importance of sialic acid for platelet clearance using mice deficient in the ST3GalIV sialyltransferase gene (ST3GalIV −/− mice) and identified a novel clearance mechanism previously unrecognized for platelets. ST3GalIV catalyzes the addition of sialic acid onto exposed galactose residues of cell surface glycoproteins. ST3GalIV −/− mice have increased platelet surface galactose exposure, a 70% reduction in platelet count, and prolonged bleeding times. We report that ST3GalIV −/− platelets transfused into wild-type C57BL/6J mice exhibit markedly reduced recoveries and shortened survivals respectively compared to littermate wild-type platelets. Infusion of asialofetuin, an antagonist of the asialoglycoprotein-receptor (ASGPR) restored platelet recovery time and initial circulation of ST3GalIV −/− platelets to normal values. Immunohistochemical studies of organ specimens harvested shortly after transfusion of biotin-labelled platelets demonstrated the predominant clearance of ST3GalIV −/− platelets by the liver Kupffer cells and, unexpectedly, hepatocytes. Megakaryocytes cultured from ST3GalIV −/− mice produced proplatelets normally compared to megakaryocytes generated from wild-type littermates, indicating that the thrombocytopenia in the ST3GalIV −/− mice is not due to reduced platelet production. Comparison of ST3GalIV +/+ and ST3GalIV −/− platelet surface receptor expression as evidenced by flow cytometry and preliminary in vitro activation studies did not reveal any significant differences in the two genotypes. We conclude that the absence of terminal sialic acid residues on platelet surfaces exposes galactose residues to the lectin domain of ASGPR on both hepatocytes and liver Kupffer cells, resulting in platelet clearance from the circulation.


Rates for A(e, e'p) on the nuclei 2H, C, Fe, and Au have been measured at momentum transfers Q2 = 1, 3, 5, and 6.8 (GeV fc)2. We extract the nuclear transparency T, a measure of the importance of final state interactions (FSI) between the outgoing proton and the recoil nucleus. Some calculations based on perturbative QCD predict an increase in T with momentum transfer, a phenomenon known as Color Transparency. No statistically significant rise is seen in the present experiment.


We compare various eigenvector expansion techniques for a realistic heart-torso geometry using experimental data studied by other researchers in inverse electrocardiography. With this model, the recently proposed generalized eigensystem (GES) approach and the modified GES (tGES) technique perform better than singular value decomposition (SVD) and a modified SVD (tSVD) technique. The tGES and tSVD techniques are combination methods which constrain, the solutions like zero-order Tikhonov regularization but allow the truncation of modes like GES and SVD.


The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of physical activity (PA) and exercise behaviors in young students and to propose an evidence-based exercise practice program for undergraduates in a university setting in Lebanon. Methods: From October 2014 to April 2015, a cross-sectional survey using mixed methods was conducted among 253 young university students. Information regarding the participants' sociodemographic and environmental characteristics, experience with leisure time, physical Original Research Article Sabbah et al.; JAMMR, 22(6): 1-22, 2017; Article no.JAMMR.34388 2 exercise, and Stage of Exercise Behavioral Change (SEBC) were collected. Results: The participants' mean age was 19.5 years (SD=1.21), and 86.6% were women. In total, 8.3 and 23.7% of the participants were in the inactive stages of exercise behavior change (precontemplation and contemplation, respectively). A third (33.2%) of the students were in the preparation stage, and another third felt that they were in either the action (12.6%) or the maintenance (22.1%) stages (i.e., had regularly engaged in PA for longer than six months). There was a higher percentage of men than women in the action (23.5 vs.11.0%) and maintenance (32.4 vs. 20.5%) stages (P=0.002). Academic discipline was associated with PA behavior. Of the students who exercised, 99.4% were engaged in aerobic exercise and 70.9% were engaged in walking. University students reported many barriers to PA, including lack of access to facilities and resources (33.3%), lack of time (35.7%), and cultural and social context barriers (19%). Conclusion: The present study is one of the first to provide data on PA behavior among young Lebanese students. Despite the need for further research on this topic, universities should develop and implement effective interventions based on the transtheoretical model of change to promote sports among young students, increase PA, and thus improve their well-being.


(57) by repeatedly detecting the electromagnetic field of DC bio potentials at a plurality of test points Abstract: test area of the human body or animal subject disease state, the method of screening clogging detecting injury locations or physical condition and is a device. DC bio potential, analog connected to DC Bio potential sensor (12) at test points - is converted into a digital test signal by the digital converter (36, 38), DC Bio potential test sensor (12) and an analog - digital conversion vessel (36, 38) form separate bio potential detection unit from the processing unit to handle this accepts a test signal (46) to (48). Signals between the processing unit (46) Bio-potential detecting section (48) is transferred by the electrically insulating transport network two parts. Analog - conversion processing by the digital converter (36, 38), synchronized with the AC line frequency of the power supply of the device (42), and the digital test signal is filtered in the processing unit (46) by a digital filter (68) that. Each of the digital filter has a dedicated individual DC bio potential test sensor (12).


According to GLOMOsys (the GLObal versus LOcal processing MOdel, a systems account), an important distinction is that between a local and a global processing system: The former processes information in parts, the latter processes it globally. These systems can be activated by perceptual processing and carry over to subsequent conceptual processing, in particular to analytical and creative thought. A conceptual and a high-powered close replication of previously reported studies test predictions of GLOMOsys for analytical thought and for analytical and creative thought, respectively. The present studies found no evidence that processing style primed via the Navon letter task has an impact on creative or analytic thought.


Angle stability (both transient and oscillatory) is an important constraint in power system operation. The work presented in this paper describes a genetic algorithm (GA) based approach for solving the problem of angle stability constrained optimal power flow. The control parameter modeled in the chromosome of the GA is generation power of the units. The application presented here is the UK balancing market using balancing mechanism units (BMUs). The BMUs put into the GA list depend on either their bid/offer price or their impact of generation change on system stability. Sensitivity factors, obtained by doing perturbations, are used to represent a BMU's impact on system stability. A novel mapping method is employed to maintain power balance. Stability constraints are dealt with as penalty cost, and their contribution to the fitness of the objective function is evaluated independently, so that the search for the optimal solution concentrates on feasible solutions. Tests on a reduced UK system show that the proposed GA is able to cope with the highly nonlinear optimization problem. Numerical simulation results of the test system are presented.


Background: We previously developed stakeholder‐informed quality measures to assess end‐of‐life care quality for children with cancer. We sought to implement a subset of these quality measures in the multi‐center pediatric palliative care (PPC) database.


We examine the influence of corruption on migration for 111 countries between 1985 and 2000. Robust evidence indicates that corruption is among the push factors of migration, especially fuelling skilled migration. We argue that corruption tends to diminish the returns to education, which is particularly relevant to the better educated.


Abstract DURING the past three decades the poultry industry in the United States has undergone tremendous changes. From the family flock basis, where birds were kept principally as a source of meat and eggs, it has gradually changed until today poultry keeping in its various aspects is the primary enterprise of thousands of farmers. With this change many problems that were not of great concern in the family flock have developed. Of first rank among these problems is that of flock mortality, which instead of being on the wane seemingly is becoming a more serious menace year by year. Significance of Disease Loss The seriousness of mortality in commercial flocks has been emphasized in economic studies of poultry farming in various states. In New Jersey in 1915–16 the mortality was 7 percent (App et al., 1919); in Oregon in 1926–28 the average mortality was 13 percent (Scudder et al., . . .


The vertical distribution of benthic marine algae on a sublittoral cliff in the Isles of Scilly is described and briefly compared with that found in other parts of the British Isles.


ABSTRACT When the French critic Bernard Germain Lacépède identified minor harmony with inner pain, restlessness and torment (La poétique de la musique, 1785), he was recognizing what had evolved as a lopsided dichotomy within the tonal system: rather than viewing major and minor as equivalent, mutually defining opposites, later eighteenth-century musicians often viewed the latter as a site of disturbing associations and thus potentially problematic as the foundation for large-scale instrumental compositions. Against this backdrop, it is notable that Haydn ended most of his later minor-key works in major, and in the finales of his quartets Op. 76 Nos 1–3 he exploits modal reversal as a special theme by having each begin in minor before undergoing an artfully contrived switch to major. Because the tonality of two of these quartets was major to begin with, Nos 1 in G and 3 in C, this entailed a double reversal: from major to minor as the finale began, from minor to major at a crucial moment prior to the end. The finale of Op. 76 No.1 surpasses the others of this group in tonal range, intricate play of symmetries and palpable connections to its preceding movements. Crowning it is a coda that turns the movement's stark opening unison into a cheerful rustic tune. Thus opening theme and coda, although diametrically opposed in topic and imagery, are heard to share the same underlying identity. The result may be read as a vividly evoked musical subject whose vicissitudes trace a path from darkness to light, from turmoil and confusion to a state of pastoral joy and contentment.


The Location based services (LBS) are become increasingly important on telecommunication applications. Many LBS methods have been developed. Mobile station location technologies, including Cell-identification (CI), Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD), Observed Timed Difference of Arrival (OTDOA), and other third Generation (3G) location technologies, are evaluated in the paper. Above of all, the Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS) is analyzed to settle for emergency LBS. The technical advantages to widen AGPS to A-GNSS is developed to focus on the availability and accuracy of LBS. The architecture of software receiver for an integrated GNSS/UMTS is presented to meet the important requirements of seamless indoor/outdoor navigation and communication capability for emergency LBS. The principle platform of an integrated GNSS/GSM/CDMA based on the structure of " Single RF+PC" is implemented. By collecting and processing actual GPS data, the receiver is able to perform PVT calculations with high accuracy and rapid positioning.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to extend the knowledge of the antitumor activity of liposomes and to identify, for the first time, the antitumor effect of liposomes with the antioxidant β‐carotene. The administration of the carotenoid encapsulated in liposomes has the advantages of quantitation, facilitation, and most importantly an increased therapeutic response, resulting in the accentuation of regression of carcinoma in the hamster pouch. Tumors induced after the application of the carcinogen 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (0.5%) were injected with liposomes composed of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylethanolamine in a ratio of 1:1:1 (large unilamellar vesicles). Tumor‐bearing animals were divided into four groups, each containing 10 hamsters. The group treated with the liposomes of β‐carotene exhibited a significantly lower tumor burden (approx 5,000‐fold difference) than the control tumor group. Electron‐ and light‐micrographic analyses were used to substantiate the g...


This work investigates how signal representations affect the performance of a motor imagery recognition system, specifically we investigate on recognition accuracy and computational time of a brain machine interface designed using motor imagery. Experiments show that the signal length should not be larger than a critical range for good recognition accuracy. The results presented here is a part of our work on the design and development of a brain machine interface to operate a wheelchair. EEG motor imagery signals recorded from the motor cortex area using non-invasive electrodes, are used for recognition of four tasks namely, left, right, forward and stop. Experiments are conducted for 12 signal representations from signal lengths varying from 3s to 0.25s. From the results it is observed that good recognition accuracies (93.2% –94.2%) are obtainable for 2s to 3s signal representations


We present the fabrication and characterization of a subpicogram micromechanical oscillator in a slot waveguide that is actuated through optical gradient force. The tunable slot width in fact creates an optomechanical phase modulator on a Silicon-on-Insulator-Chip.


Cysticercus cellulosae, the larval form of Taenia solium, commonly known as the pork tapeworm, is rarely encountered infesting man. Modern meat inspection has enormously reduced its incidence in all civilized countries. Not only is it rare but its lesions are so distributed, and at times so few, that premortem diagnosis is often extremely difficult. The condition may be revealed only at the necropsy table. The frequency with which cysticerci are found in the nervous system in those otherwise infested with the disease is reported variously by different authors. Africa and Cruz 1 quote Vosgien, who in reviewing 807 instances found that the nervous system was involved 330 times, or in 40 per cent. Dressel 2 found the brain affected seventy-two times in eighty-seven cases, or in 82 per cent. Henneberg 3 states that in a series of 1,408 autopsies at the Charite in Berlin only three cases of cysticerci of


It was aimed to investigate the structural changes taking place in duodenal mixed micelles (MM) at fasted state with the incorporation of fatty acids (FA) and the morphological transformations in these MMs upon solubilization of β-carotene (BCR) through coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. All simulations were performed with GROMACS 2019 simulation package using the Martini force field. Lauric acid (LA), stearic acid (SA) and linoleic acid (LNA) were used to explore the effects of FA chain length and unsaturation. Micelle swelling was observed with the incorporation of all FAs. The increase in size was in line with increasing FA chain length and unsaturation. MMs incorporating LA and SA were ellipsoidal in shape, while polyunsaturated LNA resulted in a worm-like MM. Upon solubilization of BCRs, swelling was observed only in the MMs with long-chain SA and LNA. No micelle growth was observed in the plain and LA MMs despite their smaller sizes. This was attributed to their low-density hydrophobic cores, which allowed a condensation effect induced by the interactions between BCRs and POPC tails. It is inferred that when the micelle is large enough to solubilize BCRs, whether or not swelling will take place depends on the core density. The increase in micelle size was very small in the MM incorporating LNA compared to that in the MM with SA, which was accompanied by an elliptical-to-cylindrical shape transformation. This was due to the fluid nature of the worm-like LNA micelle, which readily allowed the solubilization of 3 BCRs within its core. By resolving the internal structures of BCR incorporated MMs, this study gives valuable insight into the effects of FA chain length and unsaturation on the solubilization behavior of dietary MMs. The results are expected to give direction to the development of rational design strategies for effective BCR delivery systems.


Located in the southwest of Hunan Province,Suining County is described as a magical oasis due to its beautiful nature and thick forests,which is not only the result of its unique geographical and climatic conditions,but also the protection from the warnings carved on dozens of inscriptions passed from time.The study,based on the data from the fieldwork of the ancient inscriptions in Suining County,is to make an introduction to their types and nature,and to discuss the forest protection mechanisms reflected on the inscriptions and their value in the study of ecological history.


Ceramics are considered as difficult-to-machine materials due to its high hardness and brittleness. Economic and efficient machining of ceramics including glass is still a challenging task for modern industries. In this study, a new technique of combining Electrochemical Discharge Machining (ECDM) and Cross Peripheral Grinding (CPG) has been attempted to machine borosilicate glass. The new technique can be called as Electrochemical Discharge Cross Peripheral Grinding (ECD-CPG). In this process, a rotating hollow diamond core tool with its bottom portion coated with diamond grits at the lateral and end face will be maintained as a cathode in the normal ECDM setup. The electrochemical discharges beneath the rotating tool initially smoothen the glass and the grinding action of the diamond grits remove the molten glass from the machining zone. Channels of 6mm width, 15mm length and 0.7mm depth are machined using the developed technique. A systematic study has been conducted to investigate the effect of process parameters like voltage, inductance, electrolyte concentration and tool feed on average areal surface roughness using response surface methodology. Channel with low surface roughness was achieved at a low voltage of 80V, low inductance of 80mH, low electrolyte concentration of 1M and low feed rate of 1mm/min. The technique proved its potential to extend its application for machining advanced ceramics with better material removal rate and accuracy.


In order to trace and identify the achievements of forest resources protection and development in China, the system of forest resources monitoring was built up to annually collect the forest information base on high-resolution data. The measurement analysis of forest resource was done in the 41 key counties. High-resolution SPOT5 images, RapidEye and other high-resolution remote sensing data had been handled through processes of orthorectified, image synthesis, data integration, enhancement processing, basic geographic information overlay, framing and cutting, etc., forming thematic imaging products for technical studies. The results show that there were information superiority for high-resolution satellite data in zoning interpretation and identification of forest type.


Empathic practices highlight teachers' emotional, social, and cognitive competence and play an important role in taking beneficial action in the classroom. The current manuscript explains the need and the significance of empathic proficiencies in meeting the present needs of promoting meaningful learning processes and dealing with the uncertainty and complexity of the educational field. The approaches, patterns of activity, and methods of qualitative researchers are proposed as a way to enrich the practices of educators in the context‐based reality in which they live and work. The implementation of these ideas is presented through the description of a "Museum Adventure" course in an undergradu ate education program for pre‐service preschool teachers. The course aims to promote students' social understanding, sensitivity, and involvement.


The anomalous ionization patterns, during the winter months, on the solar activity rise and fall branches are examined from the vertical sounding data at high-altitude stations in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It is found that upon reduction of the solar activity there is a shift of the moments of occurrence of the maximum anomalous ionization values toward earlier hours of local time and poleward displacement of the equatorial border of the region of anomalous ionization appearance. An oval shape of the anomalous ionization frequency isolines is maintained in all years of the solar cycle. In the anomalous ionization periods there is a marked change of the geometric parameters of the F layer and ionization at levels located above 180 to 200 km. In the maximum activity period the ion formation rate increases by 4 to 5 times in comparison with the period of minimum activity.


Typically, the sizing of GHXs is performed using the ground response functions (g-function). Since they can be prepared ahead of sizing processes for possible bore-field configurations, consequently allowing fast calculation. However, the process includes many assumptions, and it was developed for common geothermal applications. Modern geothermal applications are various, so a detailed simulation-based sizing would be useful. The main goal of this study is to use an optimization algorithm with a numerical model for sizing. In this study, the objective function is set to entering water temperatures (EWT) to heat pump. The TRNSYS type 557 and TRNOPT, the Trnsys optimization module, are used for carrying out an optimization process. Results show that the total length calculated by the proposed method is very similar to the conventional ASHRAE sizing method.


— Five kinds of silicon nitride samples with different microstructure were prepared in order to examine the effect of sintering condition on grain size and mechanical properties. The degradation in strength of ceramics caused by grinding is investigated in detail. It is shown that the critical process zone size is closely related to the grinding process. Futhermore, the crack size caused by grinding is estimated by the process zone size failure criterion and the Newman-Raju formula. It can be concluded that the process zone size failure criterion is useful when evaluating the sensitivity of ceramics to grinding.


An antenna test element group (TEG), used for the evaluation of wafer charging in semiconductor fabrication, is applied to ion milling in the fabrication of GMR heads. The antenna TEG can quantitatively evaluate the potential for ESD damage to the GMR heads. The differences between thermal electron and microwave plasma neutralization are discussed.


AIM
Tryptophan (Trp) and kynurnine (Kyn) are a pair of biomarkers for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase which closely related to the tumor immune escape. To evaluate the effect of drugs on the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity, the specific and accurate LC-MS/MS methods were developed and validated for simultaneous determination Kyn and Trp in mouse plasma and tumor tissues using surrogate analytes Kyn-d4 and Trp-d5 calibrators.

RESULTS
Plasma and tumor homogenates samples were pretreated with the solid phase extraction which assured the method having high recovery (>90% in plasma and >80% in tumor) and no matrix effect. The methods were validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision, recovery, matrix effect and stability using surrogate analytes Kyn-d4 and Trp-d5 in authentic matrices.

CONCLUSION
The validated methods have been successfully applied to the pharmacodynamic study of INCB024360 in CT26 tumor bearing mice after single dose and multiple dosing.


The problem of road traffic is one of the key challenges that cities will have to deal with in the future. It is also a problem directly related to the concept of sustainable development. Reducing the negative impact of road traffic in future cities can be achieved through cooperation in the following areas: social—shaping customer behavior and habits, economic—changing attitudes towards owning a car, and environmental—aimed at reducing the vehicle's impact on the natural environment. A literature review was used to identify the research gap concerning the impact of the incentive system on increasing the environmental performance of drivers under short-term rental. Referring to the research gap, the main goal of the article is to identify the attractiveness of eco-driving incentives for drivers under short-term rental. The study used the survey method. The study was based on 323 completed questionnaires (female—122 and male—201). The following methods were also used in the analysis of the results: Anderson–Darling, Mood's Median test and Kruskal Wallis multiple pairwise comparisons. The evaluation of the attractiveness of the incentive to eco-driving depends on the characteristic of the client who rents the car. Thus, it is possible to shape incentive systems for car rental customers that can shape their positive behavior on the road. Among the most attractive incentives for eco-driving in a rented car are: the possibility of upgrading a car in the next rental, discount for future rental and free car-wash.


The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci is a species complex that possessed several biotypes including different genotypic clusters within species, which may differ from each other genetically and physiologically but morphologically alike. This study was performed by molecular analysis for easy identification of whitefly and describes its biotype throughout Bangladesh. Whiteflies have been identified from different places of Bangladesh based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences analysis. The mtCOI sequences of BW3 (collected from eastern part of Bangladesh) whitefly were diverged by 14.5% and 15.1% compared with B and Q biotypes from Korea and it also diverged by 15.4% and 13.7% from each other compared to BW1 (collected from southern part of Bangladesh) and BW2 (collected from northern part of Bangladesh), respectively within the country. The 16S rRNA sequences of BW3 whitefly were more deviated by 41.5%, 10.7%, 42.7% and 12.6% compared with the country populations from BW1, BW2, B and Q biotypes, respectively. Moreover, it showed high divergences from indigenous whiteflies of southern and northern part of Bangladesh which clustered in a different clade on both mtCOI and 16S rRNA phylogeny. Therefore, till date three genotypic cluster of indigenous whitefly BW1, BW2 and BW3 are identified from Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40 (1): 1-16, March 2015


Malware programs have become a serious threat as it was developed to damage computer systems, spread over the network or Internet connections. Researchers are making great efforts to produce anti-malware systems with practical ways to detect malware protection and malware detection of computer systems.Two basic approaches were proposed: based on the signature and the heuristics rule detected, we can detect known malware accurately. However, signature-based detection techniques are regarded as ineffective due to cannot identify unknown malware, code obfuscation, packing, polymorphic and metamorphic malware. This survey paper highlights current detection and analysis methodologies used in malicious codes.


OBJECTIVE
The Lady Health Workers (LHWs) under the Ministry of Health and the Village-based Family Planning Workers (VBFPWs) under the Ministry of Population Welfare are mandated to bring services to the people and are often the only health care resource available particularly for women. This study was conducted to understand the problems faced by the LHWs and VBFPWs in their routine work.

STUDY DESIGN
A situational analysis followed by focus group discussions conducted with a cross-section of LHWs and VBFPWs in four districts, one from each province.

RESULTS
Findings reveal that LHWs and VBFPWs are faced with a number of problems that severely limit their effectiveness. Findings suggest that the population/health worker ratios vary considerably from one district to another. Moreover, these two categories of workers differ considerably in terms of level of education, training and skills. There is lack of well-designed client record cards, proper training and backup support, including emergency obstetric care, to cover the range of essential services demanded by the consumers and a lack of information feedback.

CONCLUSION
These issues need to be recognized and addressed to further strengthen primary health care and family planning services in the country. The paper presents some of the important findings of the survey and focus group discussions conducted by the Community Health Sciences Department of the Aga Khan University as part of a broader study funded by the United Nations Population Fund. These findings have serious implications for future primary health care and family planning policies in Pakistan.


To investigate the effect of graded level of acetic acid on the production performance and carcass characteristics of broiler, present study was conducted for a period of 35 days in a controlled shed. A total of 240 Cobb 500 day old broiler chicks were divided into four dietary treatment groups (T0, T1, T2 and T3), each group with three replications and each replication having 20 birds. Control group (T0) birds were fed with the basal diet without any acetic acid. Birds of T1, T2 and T3 group were treated with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% acetic acid in drinking water, respectively along with basal diets. Recorded data were analysed in SPSS software by using ANOVA and significance level was considered as 5%. Results showed that, acetic acid has significantly (P<0.05) improved live weight, live weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and some meat characteristics (carcass weight, thigh weight and breast weight) of experimental broilers. However, there were no significant (P>0.05) differences were observed between control group and acetic acid treated groups of birds in terms of feed intake, dressing percentage, liver weight, heart weight and abdominal fat. Net profit was higher in birds treated with acetic acid than the control group and the best performances were observed in the birds treated with 0.3% acetic acid.
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(3): 311-319, December 2021


Species and characteristics of wild poisonous amanita in Changbai Mountain are investigated based on archive editing.And its utilization,problems,development outlook and methods are discussed. Some original materials are provided to the study of amanita resources.


The frequency band 2500-2690 MHz partly being planned for TD-LTE system in China draws more and more attention especially for total spectrum planning. Therefore, Studies on the technical issues associated with mixed TDD/FDD frequency arrangements band are carried out by different countries and international organizations. This paper presents sharing study for mixed structure based on the Monte Carlo simulation. What's more, it also gives the simulation results of the impacts on the system performance in different scenarios. The conclusion enhances spectrum efficiency and utility and ensures both systems launch harmoniously in this frequency.


Politics feels the steady influence of the civilization factor first of all and mainly because for various reasons the way of its existence prevents the careful selection of optimal articulation, argumentation and rhetorical approaches; instead of this, the civilization factor works not so much within the limits of specific and historical priorities, as in a much longer retrospective and perspective.
Unlike politics, for civilization modernity is a minor episode, which becomes meaningful only in the context of some historical continuity and prospects for the future. At the expense of the closest possible association links with the civilization factor, politics tries to legitimize and raise its institutional status and ensure a respectable image. It tries to prove that it also works on the principles of historical continuity, and her argumentatively vulnerable memoranda are not without prospects for the future.


and thus, there is a need to focus attention on the research component in any medical program. In this paper, we will report the experience of integrating a Medical Research Program (MRP) within the 4-year Problem Based Learning (PBL) Medical Curriculum. The readers will be provided with a description of the program integration and assessment during the period between June 2004 and June 2009 (implementation until graduation of the second group of students).This observational descriptive research was conducted in 2010 in the Department of Medical Education at King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), College of Medicine (COM) in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The COM at KSAU-HS was inaugurated in 2004 to bridge the gap between the increasing demand for physicians in the country and the shortage in medical school graduates. The World Federation for Medical Education accredited the College in 2008 with more than 90% satisfaction of the basic and quality standards. The college accepts graduates from high school, science colleges, applied health sciences, and pharmacy and is implementing a PBL curriculum adopted from Sydney Medical School (SMS), Sydney, Australia.


It's a pity the efforts of myriad institutions striving daily to help students of diverse backgrounds are eclipsed by Ivy League tales, says Alan Ruby.


This guide seeks to help by providing national law and policy makers with practical information and guidance for developing of strengthening legal and institutional frameworks on alien invasive species, consistent with Article 8(h) of the CBD, as well as pertinent obligations under other international instruments. It provides a structured framework for dealing with alien invasive species issues and contains illustrations and practical examples to assist in understanding their impact


Brand is a useful tool for modern people living under the age of the brand, to explain the information of their products by differentiating themselves from others. It also represents the value of company and plays a major role convincing customers. Even living space brands are no exception. According to the development of marketing management ability, living space brands require the new sales strategy to dominate the market over the business competition, and plan differently for a changing market environment. On such account, companies are commercializing the living space via establishing its brands. Thus the study will cover the living space differentiation strategies for promoting the brand images of respective construction companies and will strive to compare and analyze the differentiation strategy factors that construction firms are pursuing through case analysis framework. Moreover, it's objective focuses on materializing the strategies of living space in accordance to the brand application elements.


Today's national spirit as highest embodiment,soul and the essence of Chinese excellent traditional culture,is also the ideological morals of common Chinese nation,value choice and the specification of morals refinement in the new period.Today's national spirit has characters of advance,times,historical inheritance and tolerance.To promote and cultivate today's national spirit should correctly deal with the relationship between promotion and cultivation,the establishment of socialist culture and respect people's creation.


The experimental observations of sequential double ionization (SDI) of Ar [A. N. Pfeiffer et al., Nat. Phys. 7, 428 (2011)], such as the four-peak momentum distribution and the ionization time of the first and second electrons, are investigated and reproduced with a quantum model by including and excluding the electron-electron correlation effect. Based on the comparison of experiment and simulation, the role of electron-electron correlation in SDI is discussed. It is shown that the inclusion of electron-electron correlation is necessary to reproduce the momentum distribution of electrons.


DEDI SOFYAN. Inhibition of Active Fraction of Clinachantus nutans Leaves Toward Sacchmomyces cerevisiae Growth as Anticancer Potential Test. Supervised by DUD1 TOHIR and GUSTINI SYAHBIRIN. In the beginning of bioactive compounds isolation, the leaves were dried and then powdered. The powder were macerated in ethanol, and then screened and tested for its toxicity using BSLT (brine shrimp lethality test), after that fractionated using flash chromatography with silica G-60 as a stationary phase and mobile phase consisted of a mixture ethyl acetate:hexane 8:2. The inhibition capability of the most active fraction provided by BSLT was tested toward Saccharomyces cerevisiae and identified by phytochemical screening. Moisture content of the fresh leaves was 72.76% and of the extract yield was 17.72%. The crude extract contained flavonoids, steroids, polyphenols and tannins. LCjo of the extract was 583.71 ppm. Flash choromatography was used in separating crude extract into five fractions. The second fraction was the most active fraction with 81.90 ppm in LC50 and the extract yield was 22.50%. Fraction 2 with concentration 1000 ppm toward S. cerevisiae gave the highest inhibition area of 5.53 mm. It means that fraction 2 gives moderate influence toward S. cerevisiae growth. Phytochemical assay of fraction 2 showed that it contains flavonoids, steroids, and polyphenols. INJ3IBISI FRAKSI AKTIF DAUN DANDANG GENDIS (Clinacanthus nutans) PADA PERTUMBUHAN Saccharomyces cerevisiae SEBAGAI UJI POTENSI ANTIKANKER


Administration of exogenous cytochrome C to rats poisoned with CCl4 prevented reduction of the cytochrome C content in the homogenates, and of cytochromes a+a3, b and c+c1 in the hepatic mitochondria; it also promoted the normalization of the histostructure of the organ.


At the present time, the necessity of accumulating information about structure diversity of roots and root systems of the species existing on Earth has occurred, due to development both of theoretical basis and methods of preservation of plant biodiversity. There are few publications on structural features of plant roots in botanical literature. Moreover, comparative anatomical studies of roots of higher plants are far behind the researches on structure of shoots. Due to this fact, so far there is an opinion among botanists about the structure uniformity of roots of higher plants, and root systems. We are not going to consider all the causes for lag of comparative anatomical studies on higher plant roots in botany. This was done as long ago as in 1960s by (Comparative plant anatomy, Chapter 7. Root. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, NY. pp 94–101), American anatomist. Let us remind just of the main causes: • Weak knowledge about intraspecific variation of root structure • Technical difficulties in collecting root samples, the same as shoot samples, etc. • Deficiency of monographs on rhizology, with comparative anatomical studies of roots, similar to those of other plant organs We had taken into account these causes in our long-standing rhizological researches from 1974 to 2010. L.G. Tarshis (*) • G.I. Tarshis University of Ekaterinburg, 620102, Belorechenskaj str., 9/4 – 27, Ekaterinburg, Russia e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com S. Mancuso (ed.), Measuring Roots, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-22067-8_1, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 3 1.1 Rhizological Research: Material, Methods, and General Principles Base material for the analysis of structure diversity of roots of rhizophytes was collected in natural populations of species during our expeditions to the Baltics, Ukraine, Russia (Ural, Siberia, Altai, and Far East). Along with wild-growing plants, we examined root structural features of introducents, which grow in the Russian botanic gardens. We have analyzed a total of 1,200 species of higher plants, which belong to various taxa and biomorphs. We extracted root systems from substrate using the method of dry excavation along the trench walls. Trench depth varied from 15 cm to 3 m, depending on the mechanical soil characteristics. We excavated roots of ten mature blossoming or sporificating plants of each species. The samples were described according to the biomorphological characteristics by Serebryakov's (1962). We washed the roots, sketched them or photographed them. After that we fixed them in 73% ethanol for further anatomical examination. Every new root sample was included into the collection of rhizomes. In laboratory by microtome, or manually by razor, we made cross-sections of ten roots of each species through the basal zone, middle zone, and apical zone. We examined and prepared microslides under the optical microscope according to anatomy standards (Kivenheimo 1947; Voronin et al. 1972). We used the ocular micrometer to measure root microstructures. To evaluate microstructure variation we applied the variation coefficient CV%. This value helped to compare features with different characteristics. Along with that, we developed structure models of roots in a form of graphical schemes. We used map symbols to mark topographic zones, systems of tissues, and some specific root structures, which had been found during microscope examination of the cross-sections. To create schemes we used computational microscope and the "Paint" program. A brief description of anatomic features was provided for each scheme. 1.2 Root System of a Plant: Specifics of Root Variability Manifestation All higher plants, rhizophytes, are characterized by structure variability of roots, though to a different degree. To a less degree structure variability manifests itself among primary homorhizic plants, which belong to the following divisions: Lycopodiophyta, Equisetophyta, and Pteridophyta. Conventionally, we named this form of intraspecific variability of root structures as endogenous variability. It means variation of structure features among the cognate roots of a specimen. Among present-day spore-bearing plants the endogenous variability is most pronounced in the representatives of the division Equisetophyta. We have studied five species of horsetails from natural populations of various geographical areas of 4 L.G. Tarshis and G.I. Tarshis


The Quercus suber decline is a serious problem on wide areas of cork oak stands in Portugal, and several studies have been developed in order to identify which factors are closely related to that disease in order to orient the application of adequate management solutions. Many of the studies indicate that soil properties can be related to the disease due to the restrictions they cause to plant development and vegetation, which can enhance pathogen aggressiveness, among them the Phytophthora cambivora and Phytophthora cinnamomi fungi. In the present study, a quantified set of site variables on ten experimental areas were selected in the northern and southern parts of the country, with a surface between 975 and 3150 m2.and an attempt was made to look for the site characteristics more closely related to the severity of the disease, quantified through the degree of defoliation. For site characterization, the following variables were selected: aspect, slope, distance to the summit, mean annual rainfall, mean annual temperature, density and height of understory vegetation, soil depth, soil compacity, coarse material, sand, silt and clay contents in the soil, soil organic matter content, soil exchangeable bases, and exchangeable acidity. The selection of those variables was supported by a wide agreement, although it is recognized that it is difficult to quantify some of them. The obtained information in the field and the analysis of results, supported by the multiple regression analysis, allowed the following conclusions: (i) Soil compaction, and density and height of understory vegetation, were shown to be the most responsible variables for the disease severity in the southern area of the country, which corroborates previous studies; (ii) The application of the multiple regression analysis using the 18 variables lead to a very low explanation of the disease severity – 17, 25, and 21 percent, respectively, for all the areas, the northern and southern areas, separately; (iii) The analysis of the obtained results of all the sampled areas showed some relations between the independent and dependent variables which are difficult to explain, while the separated analysis for northern and southern areas showed some relations which make sense and corroborates the field observations, but the difficulties in explaining some of the obtained relations continue; (iv) Thus, the statistical analysis of the results do not allow a clear identification of the variables closely related to the severity of the disease, which is ascribed to the interaction among variables and the difficulty in quantifying some of them.


The present Work of Professional Sufficiency entitled: "Functions Performed as Sales
Advisor in the Company CONECTA RETAIL S.A. (Efe Stores) City of Chepen: 2011 - 2016
'' aims to inform about the work experience obtained in the sales area. The present report consists of four chapters: CHAPTER I: Company Background Describes the background and data of the company Conecta Retail S.A. (Efe Stores); indicating a brief historical review, vision, mission, values and organization. CHAPTER II: Theoretical Framework It establishes what are the theoretical foundations of the Administration used to perform my functions. CHAPTER III: Professional Experience Report It indicates the areas of development of work experience, as well as the results obtained within the management carried out. CHAPTER IV: Critical Evaluation of University Education
A critical evaluation of the university education and the professional work carried out in
Conecta Retail S.A. (Efe Stores) with the objective of informing my professional growth
thanks to the knowledge imparted in the Faculty of Economic Sciences of the Administration School of the National University of Trujillo. Finally, the conclusions and respective recommendations of the present report of Experiences in the professional field are detailed.


"C astration law has passed," read a news title among the many seemingly surreal headlines in the post–coup attempt Turkey. The title was literal, and more. During the coup attempt and its aftermath, the law of the father was destabilized and reasserted in short order, and the symbolic threat of castration was unexpectedly redistributed. An exceptionally mighty president hid for his life for hours on a military coup night to reappear in early morning stronger on his way to a presidential system.The government's rule seemed so fragile one day and so absolute the next. It was during this time that a chemical castration regulationwashastily passed as a "treatment/punishment" for sex offenders (Asharq Al-Awsat 2016). Feminist and queer activists have tirelessly cultivated profeminist sensibilities against sexual violence and pushed back against the violent project of masculinist restoration (Kandiyoti 2013) and the consolidation of a religiously accentuated neoconservative familialism (Acar and Altunok 2013; Coşar and Yeğenoğlu 2011; Korkman 2015, 2016). They have reminded us, then and now, that sexual violence is not the product of a chemical pathology but an assertion of masculine power. They have insisted that the government proposals for castration as "remedy" reflects the same heteropatriarchal logic that produces sexual violence and is part of the AKP's efforts to replace gender-progressive measures with family-centered conservative policies (Bianet 2016; Duman Bilge 2011; Evrensel 2016b; T24 2016). I argue that the castration law and its peculiar timing reveals not only the centrality of neoconservative gender politics to the AKP's hegemony but also the centrality of the reiteration of the hegemonic relationship between power, masculinity,


Employee learning plays a vital role in corporate sustainability strategy. Past attempts to map sustainability learning (SL) in organizations have fallen short in explaining the interactions between key learning approaches and the dynamics within the learning environment. This paper is based on a study conducted to explore how employees learned sustainability in organizations and the contextual factors that facilitated their learning process. The study adopted the interpretivist qualitative approach in data collection. Semi-structured interviews were used as the main method, supported by participant observation and document analysis. The findings found evidence suggesting an interplay between several types of learning approaches in SL and highlighted important contextual factors that facilitated the learning environment. Based on the findings, this paper proposes an integrated model for sustainable learning that contributes to refining understanding of the SL process and can be used to assist organizations in enhancing their SL programs. This research addresses the dearth of studies on SL in the organizational setting. It also provides theoretical contribution by providing a clearer overview regarding how SL occurs among employees based on the perspectives of social, experiential, and transformative learning theories.


In order to hit several disease-relevant targets simultaneously, sulfonamido moiety, which is a pharmacophore of antimitotic agents, was conjugated to indolin-2-one. This resulted in the first series of indolin-2-one based inhibitors, such as J3944. Replacing phenyl ring on the 3-position of indolin-2-one by pyrrolyl ring led to more potent CDK2 inhibitor (IC50 = 0.4 μM). Modifications on linkages at the 5- or 7-position of indolin-2-one core resulted in much inferior compounds. In contrary, 6-arylureido-3-pyrrol-2-ylmethylideneindolin-2-one derivatives exhibited potency to multiple receptor tyrosine kinases in nanomolar range. Results of structure-activity relationship study showed that both position of linker on indolin-2-one core and carbonyl group in ureido moiety are crucial for kinase inhibition activity. The third series indolin-2-one based inhibitors were designed with malonamido moiety attached to the 6-position of indolin-2-one as the linker. Conformational restriction of malonamido moiety led to the fourth series inhibitors bearing pyridin-2-one and pyridin-4-one moieties. Biological studies showed that malonamide and pyridone compounds were potential Aurora-B kinase inhibitors with IC50 values in submicro- to nanomolar range. They also had cross activity to Flt-3. It is believed that the sequential inhibition of Flt-3 and Aurora-B kinase may provide potential therapeutic benefits to treat acute myeloid leukemia. In this thesis, the applicability of indolin-2-one as a reasonable starting point to develop potential protein kinase inhibitors was highlighted.


Resin rich mica tapes are used in the high voltage rotating equipment industry in a variety of applications, from stator bar insulation to repair work to high voltage connections. There are several types, and manufacturers, of these mica tapes available in the market. The purpose of this paper is to share experiences in the application and processing of common materials, focusing on the critical taping parameters to provide consistent performance of the insulation material, specifically for jumpers and connections. Comparisons will be made of several products regarding base properties such as thickness, mica and resin content, lay-down, cure schedule, flow and functional properties and critical processing parameters of these mica tapes will be discussed.


Urban areas are increasingly associated with negative environmental impacts due to concentrated resource consumption; however urban areas also offer economies of scale in terms of service provision. There is no accepted mechanism to aid decision-makers in policy selection to determine where to promote population growth or how to select settlement specific policies to improve sustainability of urban areas. There is strong political desire for methods assessing policy implementation impact on overall sustainability targets, but this has proved challenging, as views on the meaning of sustainability vary, and methods developed satisfying scientists' needs for rigor are deemed too complex and inadequately transparent by decision-makers. Sustainability measurement is vital to check whether a new policy, decision or technical innovation is helpful in enhancing sustainability. By 2055 estimates indicate that 75 percent of the world population will live in urban areas, highlighting the importance of promoting low cost policy decisions providing greatest environmental benefit, with short implementation timescale. This paper describes an evidence-based method developed and piloted to address these drivers and provide a decision support system for planners and policy-makers developed for Irish settlements with population range 500–20,000, which may have application elsewhere.


This essay introduces two new concepts into the international debate about the theory and practice of creative industries. These concepts are 'creative modernity' and the 'new cultural state'. The new cultural state has a double meaning. It refers to the new cultural condition we find ourselves in, what we call here creative modernity, and the form in which the modern state has governed, or intervened in, culture through law and other means of governance or regulation. In this process, the modern state — as it did in the United Kingdom for a while — sometimes becomes a part of the 'cultural' sphere through the project of creative modernity. As we see here in a rethinking of the case of the Department of Culture, Media and Sport in the British New Labour government, an experiment which is often cited approvingly in the creative industries debates around the world, creative modernity involves the social engineering of a 'new individualism' where citizens are remade as creative entrepreneurs. In this essay, it is argued that to move the arguments forward, the debate about creative industries should be re-situated within the wider framework of cosmopolitan sociology's analyses of modernity, the state and culture.


In this study, the effects of laser cutting on the fatigue properties of carbon fibre-reinforced polymers are investigated. For this purpose, unidirectional carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy laminate is cut by laser. The material to be cut evaporates directly in the laser beam and the laser beam can produce thermally induced damage, which is referred to as heat-affected zones. Specimens are cut with two different parameters (varying cutting velocity and break time between passes) to widths up to 15 mm for investigation of the heat-affected zones effects on fatigue behaviour. Prior to fatigue tests microstructure is evaluated using light and scanning electron microscopy with regard to cutting geometry and heat-affected zones. Fatigue tests are performed using multiple amplitude tests with a stress ratio of 0.1, instrumented with a video extensometer system and thermocouples for strain and temperature measurements to determine the influence on mechanical properties and evaluate the sensitivity of the used testing method and measurement instrumentation for this use case. Lower cutting velocities and break time passes lead to a larger edge angle and thus in different specimen widths on front (laser inlet) and bottom (laser outlet) of the carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy laminate. Therefore, the resulting true geometry was considered using statistical approaches to eliminate possible cross-sectional errors regarding mechanical stress application. The results show that the specimen widths and process parameters impact the fatigue properties, highlighting the importance of knowledge about heat induction and the detection of inflicted laminate damage.


Studying in a retrospective review of 21 cases,
diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of intra-abdominal cystic
lymphangioma (CL). Methods: Between 1992 and 2014, 21 patients were operated at
our institution for a CL. Clinical presentation, location, surgical management
and outcome were studied. Results: There were 14 women and 7 men. All CL were
diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound and/or abdominal CT scan. The most common
site was the retroperitoneum (24%) followed by equally by the mesentery, the
mesocolon and abdominal wall. Surgical treatment consisted of a complete
resection of cyst in 20 patients. This resection required a splenectomy in one
case for a splenic location and digestive resection in 2 cases. Two cases of
recurrence of CL were revealed. The first case was a result of partial
resection, but the second case occurred in a patient who underwent a total
cystectomy. These patients were asymptomatic, so we decided to monitor them. Conclusion:
CL in adult is a rare disease. The preoperative diagnostic has benefited from
the contribution of imaging mainly ultrasound and CT scan, treatment consisted
of surgical complete excision to prevent recurrences.


In this chapter we discuss model selection and predictive accuracy tests in the context of parameter and model uncertainty under recursive and rolling estimation schemes. We begin by summarizing some recent theoretical findings, with particular emphasis on the construction of valid bootstrap procedures for calculating the impact of parameter estimation error. We then discuss the Corradi and Swanson (CS: 2002) test of (non)linear out-of-sample Granger causality. Thereafter, we carry out a series of Monte Carlo experiments examining the properties of the CS and a variety of other related predictive accuracy and model selection type tests. Finally, we present the results of an empirical investigation of the marginal predictive content of money for income, in the spirit of Stock and Watson (1989), Swanson (1998) and Amato and Swanson (2001).


Biotechnology and society bovine somatotropin and the animal bovine somatotropin and the agricultural sector bovine somatotropin and the market-place. (part contents)


Objective To discuss the inhibitory effect of the polysaccharide from schisandra chinensis on human thyroid carcinoma SW579 cells and its mechanism.Methods 48 adult male Wistar rats were divided into negative control group and treatment group.The rats in negative control group were given 0.9%NaCl.The ones in treatment group were given the polysaccharide from schisandra chinensis pured for different doses.The SW579 cells were divided into control group,negative group and treatment group.The cells in control group were cultivated in RPMI-1640 medium containing 15% calf serum.The cells in negative group were cultivated in serum from the rats in negative control group;the cells in treatment group were cultivated in medium containing the rat serum in treatment group including low,medium and high dose drugs(100,200 and 400 mg·kg-1).The apoptosis of SW579 cells was measured by acridine orange under fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry.The proliferation of SW579 cells was detected by MTT assay.The expression of survivin was determined by Western blotting method.Results The flow cytometry results showed that the apoptotic rates in control group and negative control group were 4.23% and 4.10%;the apoptotic rates in low,medium and high dose treatment groups were 8.63%,35.63%,and 38.32%,respectively;there were significant differences between treatment groups and control group(P0.01).The MTT results showed that the inhibitory rate of cell growth in control group was(0.12±0.06)%.The inhibitory rates in low,medium and high dose treatment groups were(27.51±1.62)%,(34.69±0.79)%,and(45.83±1.33)%,respectively;there were significant differences between treatment groups and negative control group(P0.01).The expressions of survivin in low,medium and high dose treatment groups were lower than those in control group and negative congrol group(P0.01).Conclusion Polysaccharide from schisandra chinensis can inhibit the survivin expression in thyroid carcinoma SW579 cells and induce apoptosis of SW579 cells and inhibit cell proliferation


In the quote above, American grunge guru Jay Mascis suggests, perhaps by chance, something of the existential state that occurs in an artist's studio. Similarly, in Martin Scorsese's 1982 film The King of Comedy, the protagonist Rupert Pupkin's basement studio becomes a site for a pathological projection concerned with subjective transformation. Curiously, the ontologically aspirational experience as encountered in the studio can be connected to the experience of the art museum. These two spaces, more usually understood as conceptually separate, are closely linked in that they both relate to and rely upon complex formations of subjectivity.


Abstract This study examined the effects of mode of induction (video tape vs. live), general locus of control, and situational locus of control upon hypnotic susceptibility. A total of 62 student volunteers was hypnotized in eight small groups using the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility. Results confirmed that video taped inductions were as effective as live inductions. None of the other variables, singly or in interaction, significantly affected susceptibility scores. An analysis of variance was also performed upon Ss' subjective ratings of having experienced hypnosis. Results revealed that Ss with an external general locus of control (Rotter's I-E scale) rated themselves as having experienced hypnosis more fully. This was interpreted as a greater response to the demand characteristics of the hypnosis situation by externally controlled subjects. Discussion explores the potential flexibility provided by video tape hypnosis.


This study aimed to identify diabetes risk factors in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and explain why diabetes is rapidly spreading there, which examined some sociodemographic characteristics factors that might affect type 2 diabetes such as age, gender, alcohol consumption, and smoking, diabetes family history, and body weight. The data was collected from the hospital of diabetes named the center of diabetes in Sulaymaniyah city of Iraq, in which 218 diabetic cases were used for that purpose. According to the findings, some factors influence type 2 diabetes, such as Gender, Smoking, and Body Weight. For Gender, Females are more likely to have diabetes than males. Also, someone that smokes is more likely to have diabetes than those who do not smoke. Furthermore, with increasing each kilogram of body weight, the diabetes degree increases as well. On the other hand, regarding the results, some factors such as Age, Consumption of Alcoholic, and Diabetes Family History do not affect type 2 diabetes. Depending on the findings, it is recommended that people engage in regular physical activity and consume nutritious foods to minimize weight gain, which is one of the primary causes of diabetes as well as they should quit smoking.


Abstract A detailed investigation of microstructure in abnormal crystal grain boundary (GB) migration regions was carried out by TEM and STEM+EDS. It was shown that the crystal orientation of those regions swept over by the migrated grain boundaries (MGBs) are readjusted as compared with their parent grains. Strain induced β-phase is confirmed around those regions as well


Qiangtang Basin is located in the north of Qinghai\|Tibet(Qingzang)Plateau. It is difficult to do geological work. There are many questions to the stratigraphic classification and correlation. This article discusses the rock and biohorizon of the upper Jurassic according to the data of Donghu section in the north of Qiangtang Basin. Based on the difference in bivalve, brachiopoda, anthozoa fossils and lithostratigraphic character, the section can be divided into two formations.The lower limestone is Suowa formation which consists of hydrocarbons with Radulopectenfibrosus\|Gervillella aviculoides assemblages and the geologic age is Oxfordian stage, while the upper one is Bailongbinghe formation which consists of hydrocarbons and fragments with Radulopecten scarburgens, Euprionoceras sp.The geologic age is Kimmeridgian\|Berriasion stage.


Allergy has been such a difficult disease to cure. Some anti-allergic drugs on the market caused side effects such as dryness of mucous membranes, confusion, dizziness, dry mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating and blurred vision, bull neck and moon face. It is difficult to find anti-allergic drugs with minimum side effects. Aim. The research aimed to find alternative anti-alergic agent, it was aquoeous extract of Neem leaves. In particular, this study analysed modulation of aquoeous extract of Neem leaves to expression of Ig E and IL-4 in gingival tissue. Materials and Methods. A total 15 BALB/c Mice was divided into three groups, i.e controle group (no treatment were introduced), Ova group (On days 0, 7, 14 submucous injected with ovalbumine), Neem group (were given with aquoeous extract of Neem leaves 200 mg/day/kg body wieght and injected with ova). Ova injection was 25 μL (in 2 mg/mL PBS), while neem leaves extract were given by oral sondation. IgE and IL-4 were analysed in gingival tissue on day 21 by imunohistochemistry method. Parameters are amouts of leucocytes that expressed IgE and IL-4.  Results. ANOVA and LSD test showed that aquoeous extract of Neem leaves could decrease IgE and IL-4 expression significantly (p<0,05) in gingival tissue. Conclusion. Aquoeous extract of Neem leaves  could be used as an alternative for anti-alergic agent. Key words : Aquoeous Extract from Neem Leaves ; Azadirachta Indica ; Ig E ; IL-4 ; ovalbumine ; oral


Eggs or larvae of Chrysopa carnea Stephens were released on cotton in the field and in field cages to control the bollworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), and the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.). Two field releases totaling 292,000 C. carnea larvae per acre reduced populations as much as 96% and increased yield 3-fold. Releases of C. carnea eggs in field cages at rates of 50,000 and 100,000 per acre also provided effective control of the tobacco budworm.


Basic conditions for determination of minor impurity elements in lithium carbonate was investigated by ICP-MS,the appropriate sample preparation and the decomposition method were determined.The interfere of different elements was studied.The detection limits of method were 0.020μg/g for kalium,0.025μg/g for natrium,0.009μg/g for calcium,0.010μg/g for magnesium,0.050μg/g for sulfate radical.The recovery were between 94.0% and 102.0%.The precision(RSD) were from 0.5% to 2.1%.The method is simple,fast,accurate and practical.


The paper presents the experimental results concerning the performance assessment of electrodeposited epoxy films using electrochemical techniques (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy–EIS and anodic polarization) assisted by microscopical studies. The films were formed during the cathodic and anodic electrodeposition of a modified epoxy resin on carbon steel substrate. The specimens were tested in a normal aerated 3% NaCl solution at room temperature for a total period up to 1500 hours. Analysis of the impedance spectra has established an equivalent electric circuit with two time constants fitted to describe the electrodeposited epoxy film/carbon steel/electrolyte system. The time monitoring of the principal elements from the equivalent electric circuit were used to determine protective properties of the electrodeposited epoxy films. Results show a high performance of electrodeposited epoxy films, characterized by uniformity, insignificant porosity, very low water and ions permeability.


For the purpose of probabilistic risk assessment of long pipeline, pipeline was treated as a large-scale series system composed of a great number of segments. First of all, pipeline strength distribution was described with respect to different segment partitions. Then, the s-dependence among segment failures was expounded. Finally, a series system failure probability model was presented and the size-dependent variation of system failure probability was demonstrated. It was shown that there exists strong dependence among segment failures, and there exist an upper bound for the failure probability of a large-scale series system such as long pipeline.


The problem of reducing the severity of accidents is one of the most important. About 30% of accidents with serious consequences are those involving buses. One of the most dangerous types of bus accidents is overturning. The power structure of the body of multi-passenger vehicles are subject to the requirements regulated by the UNECE Regulations No.66. A separate specific group consists of shift buses on the chassis of trucks, designed for operation in harsh natural and climatic conditions in areas with an under-developed road network. It is known that, depending on the type, nature and structure, structural materials have different strength characteristics at a given temperature. The strength characteristics of the materials used in the construction of bodies have a primary impact on the level of passive safety of buses. Therefore, there is an urgent task of assessing passive safety of this type of buses in the entire temperature range of their operation. The present article presents some experimental dependences of the strength material characteristics used in bodies on the temperature. A detailed finite element model-specific for this class of body buses from sandwich panels is shown. Some characteristics of this type body simulation are also discussed. Results of the study of passive safety of a shift bus with a body of sandwich panels in the temperature range of the bus operation are obtained. The necessity of assessing the passive safety in the entire temperature range of operation of this specific category of buses is shown.


nens pollicis. The recurrent motor branch of the median nerve was iden¬ tified with difficulty and only after thorough exploration and identifica¬ tion of the median nerve branches in the palm. The nerve was seen to enter the thenar muscles about 1 mm. prox¬ imal to the line of their transection. The muscles and fascia were repair¬ ed with chromic catgut, the skin with fine nylon and the usual bulky dress¬ ing applied to the forearm and hand. His postoperative course has been unremarkable. This case illustrates the impor¬ tance of a knowledge of the detailed anatomy of the hand, without which


The invention discloses an automatic intersection management and control system which comprises a traffic manager (1) and at least one vehicular driving aiding device (2). The traffic manager (1) is wirelessly communicated with the vehicular driving aiding devices (2) through a wireless communication network. The vehicular driving aiding devices (2) transmit state information of vehicles and passing request information to the traffic manager (1) and receives guide information transmitted by the traffic manager (1). The traffic manager (1) schedules virtual lanes and passing speed for vehicles with the vehicular driving aiding devices (2) according to the state information of vehicles and the passing request information, generates the guide information according to the virtual lanes and passing speed, and transmits the guide information to the vehicular driving aiding device (2). By the system, passing efficiency of intelligent vehicles passing an intelligent intersection is improved.


Venlafaxine ion-selective electrode was constructed from poly(vinyl chloride) containing venlafaxine-silicomolybdate (VE-SMA) as the sensing element in the presence of DOP as the plasticizing solvent mediator.The best PVC membrane electrode was made of a composition of 46% PVC, 46% DOP and 8% ion-pair.The electrode showed a fast, stable and Nernstian response over a wide venlafaxine concentration range 1.0×10-21.0×10-6mol/L of the drug concentration with the slope of 58.8 mV/decade. The electrode exhibit good selectivity for the VE with respect to a large number of inorganic cations and organic substances of biological fluids. The method is precise as shown by the mean recoveries range of 99.69–101.94% with mean relative standard deviations 0.51–1.40%. Venlafaxine is determined successfully in pure solutions and in capsules using the standard additions and potentiometric titrations methods.


With the development of the state and society, changes in legal relations inevitably occur. The ongoing changes also apply to various categories of the population. Minors, often with unlimited access to the Internet using information technology, are at particular risk. This applies to negative information posted on the network, which often destroys moral principles and causes significant damage to education, even with the proper performance of their duties by parents. The situation is aggravated by the fact that the number of offenses and crimes committed by minors is increasing, which often occurs under the influence of a group or propaganda of Internet users. Both criminal and administrative legislation establish a certain age from which persons can be held liable for one or another type of responsibility. Civil law also limits the age at which a person can be fully liable. Responsibility for children under this age is borne by parents, since it is they who are entrusted with the duty of education. The Author examines the types of civil liability of minors. Law enforcement practice in civil cases involving minors is analyzed. An examination is given of such a new phenomenon as bullying, which has recently been actively covered in legal literature. This is primarily due to the fact that minors, due to mental immaturity, sometimes do not realize their behavior in a team, as a result, causing aggressive persecution of other minors. As a result, people who have been bullied inflict moral and sometimes physical suffering. Since there are no clear instructions in the civil legislation regarding the distribution of responsibility between the child's parents, the Author provides scientific views, as well as the interpretation of the legal relations in question in judicial practice. In conclusion, the results of the study are summarized, conclusions are drawn about the need to bring the norms of civil and family legislation into line and consolidate a unified procedure for recovering damages in case of causing it to minors


This paper proposes a new approach for determining optimal obstacle-avoiding paths in a dynamic 2D environment. The dynamic 2D environment is first mapped to a static 3D space-time workspace, represented by a monotone framed-octree (MF-octree). Based on interesting data structural and computational geometric techniques, our approach propagates a diamond-shaped path planning wave through the MF-octree in an accurate and efficient manner. In particular, for an obstacle-free leaf node F (called an MF-octant) of size n/sup 3/ (containing O(n/sup 3/) unit cells), we need to search only O(n/sup 2/) unit cells to propagate the wave through F. Our approach is much more efficient than other commonly used cell-decomposition methods while achieving at least the same level of accuracy. To model the optimality of the paths, we use a general cost function that relates the movements through space and time. Thus, time-optimal and distance-optimal paths are special cases of optimal paths based on this cost function.


In steep slope streams, torrential-hazards mainly result from abrupt and massive sediment deposits. Open check dams are regularly used in natural hazard mitigation to trap sediment and driftwood. A good comprehension of the phenomena that occur in these structures is needed to optimize their design. In this paper, we present new results from small scale experiments addressing (i) a validation of water stage discharge formula proposed in the literature for slit and slot dams; (ii) recommendations in the use of formula dedicated to deposition-thickness-estimation; (iii) geomorphic and hydraulics descriptions that seek to help field practitioners and numerical modelers to better understand what can be observed in labs and in the field and what kind of phenomena should be modeled. A special attention has been paid to highlight the implication of our results in the use of formula and in structure design and maintenance.


The sustainable agriculture concept emerges from the necessity to ensure food production to feed the human growing population, while the natural resources, water and soil quality, ecosystems and others are preserved. One way to implement the know-how and techniques in sustainable agriculture is through educational courses in the universities, such as MSc programme, by promoting communication between academics, researchers, agricultural workers and other experts. This paper examines the best practices to serve as a guide to develop a MSc programme in sustainable farming. A questionnaire was prepared and distributed to academics' expert in agrarian sciences in Greece, Italy and Portugal. The questionnaires were developed in order to define the fundamental competences/expertise, to identify the sustainable agricultural practices and the methods of training/learning that should be taken in consideration in a MSc programme in sustainable farming. The results allowed to identify the relevant best practices, the fundamental competences/expertise, the most important sustainable farming practices adequate forms of training/learning and the more efficient training methods that should be taken into account when developing the MSc programme.


The Regional Representative Council is a new institution that replaces the Group and Regional Representatives as well as functions as a legislative member. However, the existence of this DPD has not been used optimally and is not "equalized" to the position of the DPR. When viewed from the perspective of democracy and popular sovereignty the electing process of DPD members is the same as that of DPR members through the LUBER and JURDIL Legislative Elections. Therefore, in order to optimize its role and function, the DPD needs to be strengthened with a variety of understandings and argumentations that support it.


The present invention relates to a recording medium storing a computer program for the device, do so for a method and this purchase processing of an icon-based article, the terminal generates a goods icon according to a user request, the purchase information and the article icons required for purchases When mapping to store and purchasing a confirmation depending on your product icon is selected, as soon as that can be adjusted by selecting the icon to the number that corresponds to purchases process is performed, the number of articles you want to buy to buy, icon since the goods immediately buying only selection, the effect of overcoming the conventional complicated procurement procedures.


An optical building set comprising building blocks can be assembled with an eyepiece, an objective lens in blocks of a building body, and a convergence in the barrel between the eyepiece and the objective building blocks. The eyepiece blocks having a mesh tube, and can be inserted in the head tube several eyepiece. The barrel can be wound by a deflection and an object capable of reflecting light. Accordingly, the use of the building blocks of the assembly changes, with the building blocks to the eyepiece lens blocks, and readily available to the wound article barrel, to create a telescope, astronomy, microscopes and other optical devices ..., not only teach children about optics and optical configurations, and can play a highly creative, entertaining and educational purposes.


Recently, the security issues of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) have attracted considerable interest from both academic and industrial communities. Due to the open accessibility of wireless channels, wireless remote state estimation is vulnerable to various cyber attacks including jamming attacks with which adversaries can significantly impact the estimation performance by jamming the wireless communications. Moreover, by using higher power, the effect of jamming attack may be greater. In this paper, we consider remotely estimating the states of multiple systems and investigate the power allocation problem for the jamming attacker under its energy constraint. Through theoretical analysis, we show that, under a simple condition, the optimal power allocation scheme is to concentrate the attack power on one single system. Finally, numerical results are presented which validates the theoretical results.


Despite the clinical use of well-established and newer anticoagulant drugs, venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a major public health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality. The search for new anticoagulant drugs with an improved benefit/risk ratio is therefore a main challenge for the pharmaceutical industries. Success in this endeavour is driven by the right completion of the preclinical studies. In this work, a series of relevant and reliable pharmacological tools modeling thrombotic disorders was successfully developed and validated to evaluate prospective anticoagulant compounds. This preclinical platform consisted in three drug testing levels: (1) in vitro enzymatic assays on isolated coagulation factors (i.e. thrombin, factor Xa, tissue factor/factor VIIa complex and factor XIIa); (2) functional ex vivo thrombin generation assays in human plasma and (3) an in vivo venous thrombosis model induced by stasis and endothelial damages and coupled to thrombin generation assay in the rat. This preclinical testing platform was developed and evaluated during the evaluation of chemically distinct compounds selected for their potential anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties. Three types of products were investigated in order to identify promising innovative anticoagulants for the prevention and treatment of VTE: coumarins, the tick protein Ixodes ricinus contact phase inhibitor (Ir-CPI) and leaf extracts/fractions from Croton zambesicus.


Objective:To explorethe Correlationbetweendepression andAlexithymia inhighschoolstudents. Methods: 177 high school students. were investigated by SDS and TAS. Results: The results showed there was significantly correlation between total score OfSDS and it's facrors and to talscore Of TAS and it's factors (P 0. 05.P0. 01) Conclusion: It was tight Correlation betweenalexithymia and depression in high school students, it was important cause that depression formental health in high school students.