Children in the third-grade class at Shadowlawn Elementary School in Naples, Florida, engage in many of the same activities as children throughout the country--they write letters, read stories, conduct science experiments and play games. This class is unusual, however, in that these youngsters do some of their experiments with children in England, read and write stories via a modem with other children in New Zealand, and learn about Alaska from a tour guide in Fairbanks.[1] Through telecommunications, classrooms in Florida are no longer bound by four walls, but are open to include students, experts and learning experiences from around the world. Thanks to the Florida Department of Education, the only ongoing expense for these international "interchanges" is the standard cost of a local telephone connection. * Florida Information Resource Network (FIRN) The Florida Information Resource Network (FIRN) was established by the state legislature and the Florida Department of Education a dozen years ago, in 1982. It was based on the existing state university systems' network and other resources. Initial FIRN goals included providing equal access to computing resources for all public educational entities in the state and reducing the data burden on teachers and administrators.[2] In 1991, FIRNMAIL, an electronic mail component, was added to the system. Access to FIRNMAIL is provided completely free of charge to all public educators in Florida. There is no charge for connect time, and local dial-up numbers are available statewide. In its under-three-year lifespan, FIRNMAIL has grown to over 8,000 registered users. Almost 900 new users register for accounts each month.[3] FIRN is having a major impact on teachers and instruction. Over 50% of FIRNMAIL users are in K-12 schools, with the single largest component in the elementary schools.[3] Further, when K-12 FIRNMAIL accounts are analyzed by subject area, it becomes clear that classroom teachers are the primary users of the system. As illustrated in Figure 2, school administrators only account for 4% of the total K-12 FIRNMAIL use.[3] * Using FIRN in Classrooms There are numerous ways in which the educators and students of Florida use the FIRN system. Major categories of use include electronic mail exchanges, participation in online conferences, remote research and access to classroom resource lists. Electronic Mail Exchanges Via FIRNMAIL, educators in Florida have easy access to each other, without playing telephone tag or incurring long-distance telephone charges. Available e-mail activities include scheduling a meeting with other educators, participating in professional development exchanges and conducting student-centered projects. For example, students in several classrooms in various parts of the state conducted research and wrote papers about Indians from their regions. The papers were then uploaded into FIRNMAIL and shared with students at other participating schools.[4] The FIRNMAIL system also offers e-mail access to the Internet; students and teachers can send and receive international messages directly from their FIRNMAIL accounts. Through the Internet connections, numerous projects are now underway that provide interactive exchanges with students in Russia, Antarctica, Australia, the United Kingdom and other places around the world. Online Conferences The FIRN system offers over 50 different online conferences for Florida's educators. These conferences provide a forum for messages, announcements, questions and answers. Conferences differ from electronic mail in that the messages are not addressed to specific individuals; instead, they are posted for anyone who is a member of the conference to read. Conferences in FIRN include a General Announcements bulletin board, a Media Exchange forum, and special topics in subject areas such as Elementary Education, Science or Archeology. …


We propose a view-dependent adaptive subdivision algorithm for rendering parametric surfaces on parallel hardware. Our framework allows us to bound the screen space error of a piecewise linear approximation. We naturally assign more primitives to curved areas while keeping quads large for flatter parts of the model and avoid cracks resulting from the polygonal approximation of non-uniform patch subdivision. The overall algorithm is simple, fits current GPUs extremely well, and is surprisingly fast while producing little to no artifacts.


Next summer, if all goes well, the first Mars data in 15 years will begin streaming back to Earth thanks to three missions launched within a 4-week period this month and next: NASA's Global Surveyor, launched last week; Russia's Mars '96, scheduled for 16 November; and NASA's Mars Pathfinder, planned for 2 December.


A novel pyrene‐substituted thioethyl‐porphyrazine (PzPy) and the formation of supramolecular assembly with nanocarbons demonstrating photoinduced electron transfer ability are designed. As revealed by spectroscopic and electrochemical studies, PzPy displays wide spectral absorption in the visible range, charge separation upon photoexcitation, as well as bandgap and highest occupied/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO) energy values, matching the key requirements of organic optoelectronic. Moreover, the presence of a pyrene moiety promotes attractive interactions with π‐conjugated systems. In particular, theoretical calculations show that in the PzPy the HOMO and LUMO are localized on different positions of the molecule, i.e., the HOMO on the pyrene moiety and the LUMO on the macrocycle. Therefore, HOMO–LUMO excitation gives rise to a charge separation, preventing excitons recombination. Two kinds of noncovalent hybrid composites are prepared by mixing the PzPy with single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and graphene nanoflakes (GNFs), respectively, and used for photocurrent generation through charge transfer processes between PzPy and nanocarbons. Photoconduction experiments show photocurrent generation upon visible light irradiation of both PzPy/SWNT and PzPy/GNF composites (0.78 and 0.71 mA W−1 at 500 nm, respectively), demonstrating their suitability for optoelectronic applications and light harvesting systems.


This paper,concernes with the weaker Lipschitz condition which is satisfied by the m-th Frechet-derivative of operator.A new Lipschitz-type condition is provided and a convergence theorem for Newton's method is given under this condition.This result is more convenient to apply.Hence,it has theoretic and practical value.


efore the introduction of democracy on the 29th May, 1999, Nigeria B witnessed economic and political instability arising from policy inconsistency and lack of sincerity and commitment on the part of political actors and elites in the country hence, this paper examines public policy and sustainable development in Africa with specific reference to Nigeria's foreign policy from 1999 to 2007. The study adopted the institutional approach in explaining the subject-matter while the sources of data were based on secondary sources (text books, published articles, journals and materials from the internet etc.). Data from these sources were analysed through qualitative and descriptive method based on content analysis. Findings in the study revealed that the introduction of democracy in May 1999 helped to restore peace, and sustainable development in Nigeria. Further findings revealed that Nigeria's foreign policy actions under former president Olusegun Obasanjo in 1999 was based on: Re-integrating Nigeria into the world, management of Nigeria's external debts, renaissance Africa, and the recovery of looted monies/funds. Thus, the leader to leader approach adopted to drive its policy actions also yielded positive results through the signing of several multilateral and bilateral agreements which equally led to increased volume of trade and foreign direct investment inflow to the country coupled with the re-admission of Nigeria into the comity of nations at the international level. However, for African states and leaders to address the socio-economic and political problems confronting the African continent, policy actions and measures must be supported with appropriate implementation strategies and framework in other to avoid policy inconsistency, summersault and corrupt tendencies.


Equality is one of the core issues of Marxist political philosophy,and many western scholars have taken this issue as axis to achieve the political turn in studying Marxist Philosophy. There have been three representative viewpoints:first,the neo-positivist Marxism,who believe that in terms of equality concept,Marx completely "copied"that of Rousseau; second,analytical Marxism represented by Cohen,who believe that Marxist equality theory has failed in effectiveness,and propose the alternative of "advantage-accessible equality"; third,the autonomous theory represented by Gould and Negri,who believe that liberty and equality are not the products of changes in social relations,but the result of workers' autonomy. These three viewpoints have their share of theoretical value,yet they have misunderstood and distorted the essence of to Marxist concept of equality to various extents.


Today, COVID-19-patient health monitoring and management are major public health challenges for technologies. This research monitored COVID-19 patients by using the Internet of Things. IoT-based collected real-time GPS helps alert the patient automatically to reduce risk factors. Wearable IoT devices are attached to the human body, interconnected with edge nodes, to investigate data for making health-condition decisions. This system uses the wearable IoT sensor, cloud, and web layers to explore the patient's health condition remotely. Every layer has specific functionality in the COVID-19 symptoms' monitoring process. The first layer collects the patient health information, which is transferred to the second layer that stores that data in the cloud. The network examines health data and alerts the patients, thus helping users take immediate actions. Finally, the web layer notifies family members to take appropriate steps. This optimized deep-learning model allows for the management and monitoring for further analysis.


Non- alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commest liver disease worldwide. In Western countries, prevalence between 20 and 30 % is reported among the adult population. Nutrition, excess eating food rich in saturated fats and high caloric food, along with decrease in eating vegetables, fruits, proteins, and 3-Fatty Acids are main contributors of NAFLD growth. Human beings have nearly one thousand bacterial organisms and several millions of bacteria, with 150-time more genes than the human genome colonizing in the human gasterointestinal tract. Lactobacillus, Peptoniphilus, Ruminococcus, Clostridium, and Eubacteria), Bacteroides, and Prevotella are the two main phyla in the human intestines. However, the components and presence of gut microbiota varies due to a high heterogeneity among people due to several factors as age, sex, general conditions, pregnancy, hormonal changes, travelling, infection, and drugs as chemotherapeutic agents or proton pump inhibitors. Our aim is to demonstrate the effect of gut microbiota in development of NAFLD.


It has been determined that application of methodological references State of the (standard) of accounting 14 "Lease" for calculating leasing payments leads to groundless rising of leasing payee expenses, so they don't facilitate leasing in Ukraine.


Today, virtually all publishing is digital to some extent, whether content is delivered electronically or in print. But every publishing family is digital in its own way. Some, like journals and reference publishers, have moved so far toward electronic publishing that they are beginning to abandon print. Others, like magazines and catalogs, have focused more on digital production technology and, with newspapers, on integrating workflow for print and online publication. E-books still seem tentative, although they present big advantages, especially to publishers of textbooks and scholarly books. This introduction examines these different sides of publishing today to provide some perspectives on the many aspects of publishing in the digital era that this Guide discusses in depth in subsequent chapters. This overview ends with some suggestions of important technologies that deserve special attention from publishers today.


Single chip integrated power switching circuits can generate huge substrate noise, which impacts the circuit performance of noise sensitive blocks on the same chip. In this paper, the effects of several schematic and layout techniques to reduce substrate noise, including optimizing gate resistors and capacitors, merging NWELL of power devices, adding PEPI around NWELLs, using separated PADs for less noisy blocks, are validated by both simulation and silicon experiments.


We propose two schemes to generate entanglement between a pair of mechanical oscillators using parametric amplification. In contrast to existing parametric drive-based protocols, both schemes operate in the steady-state. Using a detuned parametric drive to maintain equilibrium and to couple orthogonal quadratures, our approach can be viewed as a two-mode extension of previous proposals for parametric squeezing. We find that robust steady-state entanglement is possible for matched oscillators with well-controlled coupling. In addition, one of the proposed schemes is robust to differences in the damping rates of the two oscillators.


Early prediction of liver disease is very important to save human life and take proper steps to control the disease. Decision Tree algorithms have been successfully applied in various fields especially in medical science. This research work explores the early prediction of liver disease using various decision tree techniques. The liver disease dataset which is select for this study is consisting of attributes like total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, age, gender, total proteins, albumin and globulin ratio. The main purpose of this work is to calculate the performance of various decision tree techniques and compare their performance. The decision tree techniques used in this study are J48, LMT, Random Forest, Random tree, REPTree, Decision Stump, and Hoeffding Tree. The analysis proves that Decision Stump provides the highest accuracy than other techniques.


Objective: This study assessed the efficacy of lignocaine infusion as a treatment for painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) groups compared to chronic pain (non-PDN group) in challenging cases where conventional treatment is not helpful. Methods: A total 11 patients participated in the study with 7 patients referred from pain clinic (non-PDN group) and 4 for patients referred from diabetic foot clinic (PDN group) for lignocaine infusion as a treatment for chronic pain. Both groups of participants were on multiple combination of pain medication with minimal help. All the subjects gave consent for participation and filled out McGill short form (SF) questionnaire before and after the lignocaine infusion. Results: The results show 33% reduction of visual analogue pain score after lignocaine infusion in PDN group compared to 11% reduction of visual analogue pain score in non-PDN group. These data were statistically significant (p 0.05). All 11 patients had no reported adverse effects and their observations were in normal limits throughout the lignocaine infusion. Conclusion: Overall, the study showed that lignocaine infusion is both effective and safe in reducing chronic intractable pain when conventional treatments are intolerable or not helpful. It is more effective in painful diabetic neuropathy patients compared to other causes of chronic pain.


The study raises the question of whether it is possible to verify Rowntree's and Chayanov's models of recurrent poverty and economic tensions during the life course of proletarian families, by using recent French studies on peasants and urban workers since the seventeenth century. Using evidence from preindustrial France about the poor, the study examines family size and the amplitude of social differentiation in the rural and urban context. The number of children living at home does not appear to have a negative influence on the standard of living. No correlation was found in Rheims between the appearance or nonappearance of families on the tax rolls and the vital evolution of the family life course. These findings indicate the absence of family-regulated poverty over time.


Respiratory infectious diseases present a major health problem among military conscripts. To examine determinants of hand washing and their relations to trust in authority-provided health information, a social-cognitive model was applied to cross-sectional data from 140 Finnish conscripts aged 18 to 22. The results show that trust in authority-provided health information is associated with higher self-efficacy, higher knowledge, higher perceived effectiveness, and lower perceived risk; that higher self-efficacy and higher disease worry are associated with hand washing; and that trust in authority-provided health information has a direct, independent effect on hand washing. The results give information for designing behavior change interventions.


1. Introduction There have been critical discussions on the IS curriculum design during the last several years (Topi et al. 2010). The most notable trend in the IS curriculum renewal movement is to develop more new IS electives to meet the needs of the job market of IS graduates (Drinka and Yen 2008). This need in the job market has considerable implications for the designing of IS elective courses in the educating of the next generation of IS professionals. IS students must acquire the fundamental theories of IS as well as the essential practical skills of the computer applications, while developing the life-long learning ability in information technology during their IS education. (Surendra and Denton 2009; Topi et al. 2010). Technical skills should focus more on problem solving and practical applications (Downey et al. 2009). The IS curricula have changed over the past years to meet the requirements of the job market as well as the requirements of the accreditation organizations such as AACSB and ABET. Nevertheless, programming remains a core requirement in most IS programs, which is one of the most difficult subjects in the IS curriculum (Sleeman 1986; Malik 2000; Palma 2001; Robins et al. 2003; May and Dhillion 2009). This paper reports how this challenge is met by designing the contents of a course of multiple server-side computer programming languages for undergraduate IS majors. 2. Overview of the Course In the modern service-oriented age, the development and maintenance of Web based applications still relies heavily on applications of third generation computer languages regardless of the advances in fourth generation computer languages and a variety of software packages. To meet the challenges of the ever-changing information technologies, educators need to offer courses of important server-side programming languages for their undergraduate IS majors. On the other hand, undergraduate IS majors cannot afford to learn multiple server-side computer languages on the one-language-one-course basis. The key to the solution to this problem is to make a pedagogical paradigm shift and to develop a course of multiple server-side computer languages. Few guidelines for IS elective courses of server-side computer programming can be found in the literature or on the Internet. The selection of server-side languages for a course is a crucial task for the pedagogy design. The design components of such a course are based on four considerations. First, the selected server-side languages must be commonly used in the industry. Second, the selected server-side languages must be representative, and should cover essential features of all kinds of server-side languages. Third, the selected server-side languages do not require additional computing resources in our computing lab. Fourth, the total workload for students should be manageable. Taking these factors into account, three major server-side computer programming languages were selected for our course. These languages are ASP.NET (with VB.NET), PHP, and XML (with XSLT, DTD and XML Schema). Due to time constraints, it is impossible for students to learn all these server-side languages in great detail. Nevertheless, students in this course are expected to have general knowledge of server-side languages as well as to be able to develop basic skills of programming. The central methodology applied to this course is the learning of languages through typical examples. Specifically, we teach typical problems of Web applications and their solutions through the use of these computer languages. The course described in this paper is entitled "Web Application Development and Programming," and is designed as an elective course for junior IS majors who are pursuing the careers as application developers or Web content managers. The prerequisite of this elective course is an introductory computer programming course, which provides an introduction to client-side computer languages. …


Chick-pea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important grain legumes in the food diet of human kind. It isn't so much tolerant to low temperature. In order to determine cold tolerance of eleven chick-pea genotypes a split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design was carried out in agricultural research centre of west Azerbaijan province in 2011-12 years. Two planting dates (October and November) were considered as main plots and eleven chick-pea genotypes arranged at sub plots under field conditions. Also, lethal fifty percent temperatures (LT50) of genotypes under cold stress were measured in green house conditions. Results analysis of variance showed significant differences for traits of grain yield, 100-kernel weight, grain per pod, number of pod per plant and number of survival plants after cold stress. Survive plants were predominant in Flip 82-150 and Flip 93-174 in comparing other genotypes. Flip 93174 at the first and second planting dates had higher grain yield 143 and 149g/m 2 , respectively. Flip 93-174 with LT50=-9°C was the most cold tolerant. In contrast genotypes of Qazvin and Flip 92-169 with LT50= -1°C were the least value.


The text objective present a mapping of the academic research in Education (thesis of doctorate and paper of the masters degree) produced in Brazil up to 2006, that had as main theoretical reference or complement portuguese sociologist Boaventura de Sousa Santos. As referencial theoretician-metodologico for this inquiry, we use Bardin (1977).


This thesis work was performed as a collaboration between the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm and Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery in Finspång. It was undertaken with the purpose of investigating the use of CFD methods in ANSYS CFX to predict flow mixing in gas turbines. The results were evaluated against experimental data gathered as part of an international collaboration; The FACTOR project. The experimental data investigated were total temperature and total pressure at nozzle guide vane inlet and outlet. The results thus focus mainly on nozzle guide vane inlet and outlet due to the nature of the available experimental data. The distribution of these parameters was also investigated in the NGV flow channel and on the vane surface, but it is appreciated that any conclusions drawn from these results are speculative in nature due to the lack of experimental data. Any conclusions drawn must be placed in perspective of the evaluation of NGV inlet and outlet, for which experimental data is available. The focus was on the mixing of the total temperature and total pressure in a nozzle guide vane connected to a combustion chamber simulator. The methods investigated were RANS-SST, SBES and LES-WALE. The main conclusions are that the inclusion of a combustion chamber mesh and thus simulating the CC flow increases the accuracy of the nozzle guide vane results for RANS-SST simulations. It is also observed that in general the SBES and LES-WALE method yield highly similar results under the investigated circumstances, and that both these methods show a general improvement over the RANS-SST method.


The study discusses expressionism not only as a school of art but as a stylistic reflection of a subjective attitude towards life and a world concept also; as a reflection of the atmosphere of the age. According to Russian literary studies of 90s the expressionist work of art is examined by a new, a philosophical aspect in view: this way expressionism is related to existentialism and personalism. The artistic world concept-which is a reflection of the trag-ical atmosphere of the beginning of the 20th century-is connected with the collapse of humanist scale of values, with moral and existential doubts of the individual. In the arts this crisis appears as a collapse of aesthetic norms. V. Majakovskij's drama "V. Majakovskij. Tragedy" is examined on the one hand as a tipical expressionist work of art, and on the other hand as a part of contemporary Russian art (related to futurism in literature and neoprimi-tivism in painting). The characteristic features of expressionist drama are discussed by a phi-losophi...


With more and more frequent population movement between different cities, like users' travel or business trip, recommending personalized cross-city Point-of-Interests (POIs) for these users has bec...


Experiments show that the combined e ̈ect of acceleration of the §ow due to the passage of the combustion wave from a larger-diameter tube into a smaller-diameter tube and through turbulizing obstacles signi¦cantly reduces the run-up distance of the strong shock wave€ reaction zone complex in a stoichiometric methane€air mixture: such a complex can be formed in a tube with turbulizing obstacles within a distance of ∼ 1 m (∼ 14 diameters of the test section) from the ignition source and can propagate in such a tube at a velocity of 1300€1400 m/s. After the passage of the shock wave € reaction zone complex from the tube portion with turbulizing obstacles into the smooth portion, it propagates there at a velocity of 850€900 m/s, without substantial attenuation, at least over a distance of 0.5€1 m.


This essay intends to analyze some elements that make up the aesthetics of the novel O ano da morte de Ricardo Reis, among them the fact that the main character is fictional double, which leads us to the hypothesis that José Saramago, writing this novel in 1984, more than a tribute to Fernando Pessoa, also seems to want to play around with how to make fiction. His literary writing may be done in this * Professor doutor da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA / CNPq). ** Doutoranda no Programa de Pós-graduação em Literatura e Cultura da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA). Márcio Ricardo Coelho Muniz e Maria Rita Sousa Barbosa Revista ContraPonto, Belo Horizonte, v. 3, n. 4, 2013. 13 more intensely labyrinthine book, to transform heteronym protagonist in a novel whose most symbolic and multiple dialogues take place between him and his creator Fernando Pessoa. In a game of ambiguity and representations, the plot develops in a hazy, ghostly atmosphere, where history and fiction intertwine, creating multiple possibilities for reading, like the novel, as a genre, is recreated in a game of mirrors, images and markedly contemporary aesthetic representations. Starting from the theory of the novel, as explained by Mikhail Bakhtin (1988) and also the sensible thesis by Maria Alzira Pebble (1986), whose speech confirms the driving force of this genre in the Portuguese literary activity, this text still dialogs with other important names in critical literature, such as Schwartz (2004), Blanchot (1987) and Reis (1988).


As an economic entity a bank has an important role in the  country's growth and development. The bank itself depend on their customers, a loyal and old customer . The loyal customers is an asset, so that this research is to find out the relationship berween customer trust and corporate image bya asking 100 customers. The sample was picked by using Simple Random Sampling method of Probability Sampling research technique. This study uses Product Moment analysis with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics 24 software for analyzing the primary data. The results of this study show that : 1) Corporate Image has positive and significant effects to Customer Loyality, 2) Customer Trust has positive and significant effect to Customer Loyality, 3) Corporate Image and Customer Trust simultaneously have positively effects to Customers Loyality. It is suggested to further expands the scope of this research to other institutions or business. Customer loyality is not only gained by Corporate Image and Customer Trust, but also the bank has to maintain good service for the existing customers. So the customers will be satisfied and loyal.


Previous studies indicated that the autonomous maintenance barrier factors are affected the maintenance efficiency. However, most of these studies were conducted in the service industry but not in the manufacturing industry. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify the most critical barrier factors towards maintenance efficiency and also to identify the relationship between autonomous maintenance barrier factors and maintenance efficiency in manufacturing industries. Five research hypotheses were examined while considering the autonomous maintenance barrier factors which including lack of top management commitment, lack of training, lack of maintenance knowledge, resistance by employees, and lack of tools and instrument. The findings of this study revealed that lack of tools and instrument is the most critical barrier factor. This quantitative case study is crucial to the manufacturing industry in Malaysia because it provides a broad insight into the correlation between the autonomous maintenance barrier factor and maintenance efficiency.


In the context of rising energy costs and the need to use new energy sources, works aimed at raising the surface temperature of heat radiators with reduced energy consumption are of particular importance, and it is especially important if these processes are also accompanied by the effects of self-stabilization. Bulk materials do not possess these properties. However, materials whose dielectric matrix is also an active element can provide up to 10 - 30% of the thermal energy that will be released in the material, thereby increasing the surface temperature and without increasing energy consumption. Therefore, the study of composite materials with different matrices is relevant.
This article the influence of the matrix material on the electrical properties of composite materials was examined. It was established that the microstructure morphology of resistive materials changes significantly depending on the matrix type. In composites based on matrix AlN, for the entire range of concentrations HfC, conducting cluster is formed with a metallic conductivity. For composite systems Al2O3-HfC and Si3N4-HfC thermoactivated hopping conduction between nearest neighboring states observed. Thus, for materials based on Si3N4 matrix at temperatures up to 300°C observed reduction of charge carriers concentration with increasing temperature.
The approximation of the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity was carried out on the basis of the following possible variants of the nature of the electrical conductivity, namely: jump conductivity (nonlocalized states, localized states in the tails of conduction and valence bands, localized states near the Fermi level), tunneling.
It can be assumed that the formation of conductive clusters occurred under the influence of two factors: magnetic field and mechanical loading. When using the AlN matrix, the influence of the magnetic field on the structure formation is smallest. This conclusion can be drawn from the fact that the formed conductive clusters have the appearance of a linear chain structure.


Abstract The lack of common ecumenical ethics is often argued to depend on the differences of ecclesiological concepts. This paper takes up the debate and points out that there are some more different basic assumptions making the development of ecumenical ethics difficult


Apparently with two thirds of the earth's surface covered by water, it is evidently clear that water is one of the most important elements responsible for life on earth. It is not only vital for sustenance of life, but equally essential for socio-economic development. Water is the unique gift of God and the basic requirement of life. Due to the high indulgence and exploitation of human being with nature, the global environment is changing every day. As a result the water resources are depleting gradually. The global fresh water shortage and food security issues related to the teeming billions of population necessitated the shifting of fresh water from agriculture to other more pressing uses. The country is facing the worst ever crises of water shortage for last many years, as water available for any given use has become increasingly scarce. The rapidly growing population, expanding of irrigation areas, and growing urban & Industrialization are putting more stresses on water resources. Therefore, building of more reservoirs and an effective management strategy are the needs of time. The problem of water shortage particular in Sindh is crucial as being the end user and lower riparian on the Indus basin irrigation system.


From the *Lower Saxony Institute for Peptide Research (IPF), D-30625 Hannover, Germany; the * TheodorKocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; the ~ Department of Anatomy, Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany, IIBoehringer Mannheim Ltd., D-82377 Penzberg, Germany; the 82 of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany; and the **Department of Anatomy, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Ziirich, Switzerland


Presently, world history is a topic increasingly in the spotlight. Current talk of a global village reflects the world-wide intertwining of commerce and communication, but contrasts oddly with the complex problems historians encounter when they write or theorize about world history. One of them, perhaps the central problem, is the obligation, spelled out by the term "world history" (rather than "the world's histories," that is, the histories of the many peoples of the world) to construct a unified account of it all in the face of the multitude of


Diffusion is a standard model for the vertical migration of radionuclides in soil profiles. Here we show that diffusivity values inferred from fallout 137Cs profiles in soils on the Fortymile Wash alluvial fan, Nye County, Nevada, have a strong inverse correlation with the age of the geomorphic surface. This result suggests that radionuclide‐bound particles are predominantly transported by infiltration rather than by bulk‐mixing processes such as wetting/drying, freeze/thaw, and bioturbation. Our results provide a preliminary basis for using soil‐geomorphic mapping, point‐based calibration data, and the diffusion model to predict radionuclide transport in desert soils within a pedotransfer‐function approach.


The invention discloses a job scheduling method and system. The job scheduling method comprises the steps of establishing a job library stored with job configuration information and a logic rule configuration library stored with logic rule information of jobs, receiving a job starting indication and then reading job configuration information in the job library, scheduling jobs according to the job configuration information and sending a job executing indication carrying the job configuration information to a target terminal, receiving job processing information sent by the target terminal executing the jobs and then determine whether jobs associated with job logics exist or not according to the job processing information and logic rule information, scheduling the jobs associated with the job logics when determining that the jobs associated with the job logics exist, and achieving collaborative operation of isomorphic and heterogeneous jobs in a distributed architecture.


The optical scanner is a mature scanning device, which is mainly used in change light path, with high scanning speed, with advantages of scanning angle and frequency fast adjustable and steady. Now widely used in laser scanning system of the laser labeler and dual-beam spectrometer. When a certain angle beam incident scanner and the deflection angle were constant, the reflecting beams produce a certain range of scanning angle. With the deflection angle of the scanner changes, the scanning angle of the reflecting beam will change. The author make an intensive study of the relationship between deflection angle and scanning angular founds that follows a definitive evolution and verified it. This conclusion has very important instructional significance in the practical application and research of the optical scanner.


Mesoporous graphitic carbon nitrides were synthesized by a thermal-induced polymerization of NH4SCN on the surface of silica nanoparticles as the templates. The catalysts thus obtained were used as visible light photocatalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants in water. The physicochemical properties of catalysts were characterized by several techniques. The photocatalytic activity of samples was evaluated by the decomposition of chlorophenol and phenol in aqueous phase. Results demonstrated that mesoporous graphitic carbon nitrides can photocatalytically oxidize and eventually mineralize organic pollutants in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The photocatalysts can induce the formation of reactive oxy-species such as H2O2, ˙OH and ˙O2−/˙OOH under visible light irradiation, while keeping a high photocatalytic reactivity during recycling operations. The higher activity of mesoporous carbon nitrides compared to nonporous carbon nitride can be attributed to their enlarged surface area and enhanced light-harvesting effect, facilitating the photogeneration of active oxy-radicals in water.


After total knee arthroplasty, we measured bone mineral density in femoral condyles, using the DEXA method. This study was to investigate factors affecting bone mineral density around the prosthesis. The subjects of this study were 46 cases, 54 joints, with osteoarthritis (the average age at operation was 73.4), and about 25 cases, 36 joints, with rheumatoid arthritis (the average age at operation was 63.1). Advantim prostheses (by Wright Medical) were implanted in all cases. DEXA methods were used to measure bone mineral changes, and for each femoral condyle, the anterior femoral condyle (area A), central femoral condyle (area B) and posterior femoral condyle (area C) were established, and bone mineral densities were assessed at intervals at each area. Three patterns of bone mineral density change were found :type 1, with density increase in area C. type 2, with density increase in area B. type 3, with density increase in areas B and C. We have observed that various bone mineral changes were generated regularly by load-bearing transmission in femoral condyles after TKA. For example, bone atrophy was produced in anterior condyles by stress shielding, and bone ingrowth created in posterior condyles by load-bearing. Loadbearing is much affected by gait.


Use of a copolymer of (meth) acrylate anionic partially neutralized, consisting of polymerized units in the radicals of 40 to 60% by weight of alkyl C1 to C4 esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and 60 to 40% by weight of monomers (meth) acrylate having an anionic group, where more than 10 to 50% of the contained anionic groups are neutralized by a base, for the preparation of a pharmaceutical form with a core containing an active ingredient which is coated with the copolymer (meth) acrylate partially neutralized anionic and which releases at least 30% of the active ingredient contained in the space of 30 minutes at a pH in which the active ingredient is sufficiently soluble and stable and in which corresponding drug form, which is coated with the copolymer of (meth) acrylate unneutralized anionic, less than 10% release of active ingredient in 30 minutes, where the coating the dosage form may contain up to 30% by weight of other film-forming polymers that do not have or have only insignificant amounts in ionic side groups.


Ageing is intrinsically associated with a progressive decline in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as measured by peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Improving CRF through physical activity contribute to better and healthy ageing. High‐intensity interval training (HIIT) is a potent method of improving CRF among seniors, yet comparisons between this type of training and traditional endurance training (ET) are equivocal especially among older adults.


The dynamics of a jet of an inviscid incompressible liquid spiralling out under the action of centrifugal forces is considered with both gravity and the surface tension taken into account. This problem is of direct relevance to a number of industrial applications, ranging from the spinning disc atomization process to nanofibre formation. The mathematical description of the flow by necessity requires the use of a local curvilinear non-orthogonal coordinate system centred around the jet's baseline, and we present the general formulation of the problem without assuming that the jet is slender. To circumvent the inconvenience inherent in the non-orthogonality of the local coordinate system, the orthonormal Frenet basis is used in parallel with the local non-orthogonal basis, and the equation of motion, with the velocity considered with respect to the local coordinate system, is projected onto the Frenet basis. The variation of the latter along the baseline is then described by the Frenet equations which naturally brings the baseline's curvature and torsion into the equations of motion. This technique allows one to handle different line-based non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinate systems in a straightforward and mathematically transparent way. An analysis of the slender-jet approximation that follows the general formulation shows how a set of ordinary differential equations describing the jet's trajectory can be derived in two cases: $\mathit{We}=O(1)$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}\mathit{We}=O(1)$ as $\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}\rightarrow 0$ , where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}$ is the ratio of characteristic length scales across and along the jet and $\mathit{We}$ is the Weber number. A one-dimensional model for the propagation of nonlinear peristaltic disturbances along the jet is derived in each of these cases. A critical review of the work published on this topic is presented showing where errors typically occur and how to identify and avoid them.


Introduction: Most of the smokers remain as active smokers and unrecognized their nicotine dependence (ND) level. ND was an important reason to addict smoking. The study determined the prevalence of smoking and ND among adult males and their difficulties to quit smoking.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 296 males aged 18 years and above from Felda Bukit Goh at Kuantan, Malaysia in 2015. Socio-economic status, history of smoking, quit attempt and reasons for failing quit were explored by using a self-administered questionnaire. Level of ND was assessed by validated Malay version of Fagerstrom Test for ND questionnaires. Stratified analysis on relationship among socio-economic status and current smoking status, level of ND was done.
Results: The prevalence of current smokers was 61.1% and the prevalence of low and moderate to high ND level was 76.2 % and 23.8 % respectively. Among them 54.1% of smokers were tried to quit smoking ranging from 1 to 30 times by self-awareness (48%) and their main reason to fail was addiction (71.9%). Smokers with monthly household income (RM2000-2999) was independently associated with moderate to high ND with AOR=4.73 (95% CI 1.83-12.18) compared to those with income (less than RM2000).
Conclusion: Despite high prevalence of smoking, majority of smokers have low ND and addiction was the main reason to fail quit attempt. Household income was a contributing factor for moderate to high ND. The finding provides hope for the success of smoking cessation programme if it is to be done in this locality.


The main problem of this study is about the content suitability of financial accounting module published by Erlangga which used at 11th grade first semester of accounting class in SMK Trunojoyo Jember according to SK-KD and presentation aspect. This study aims to determine and to describe the content suitability of financial accounting module published by Erlangga which used at 11th grade first semester of accounting class in SMK Trunojoyo Jember according to SK-KD and presentation aspect in 2013/2014 academic year. The type of this research was evaluative research. The object determination methode in this study is purposive method that has taken by financial accounting's module published by Erlangga written Dwi Harti. Data collection method in this research are documents, interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The research instrument which used a checklish that have been developed. Technique of data analysis with using descriptive qualitative. The results of study showed that the level of the content suitability of financial accounting's module published by Erlangga written Dwi Harti seen from SK – KD reaches 80.44% is suitable category and from the presentation aspect reaches 74.77% is suitable category. The high percentage content suitability of the module obtained showed that the module were to be used in accounting learning.


The goals of this study are to determine how to advance from present capabilities of underwater glider (and hybrid motorglider) technology to what could be possible within the next few years; and to identify critical research issues that must be resolved to make such advancements possible. These goals were pursued by merging archival flight data with numerical model results and system spreadsheet analysis to extrapolate from the present state-of-the–art in underwater (UW) gliders to potential future technology levels. Using existing underwater gliders (legacy gliders) as calibration, this merger approach was applied to six basic glider types that were conceived to satisfy the requirements of five functional classes. Functional classes were posed based on an evaluation of the attributes and limitations of underwater gliders in the context of a broad range of potential Navy needs in the littoral and deep-water regimes. Those functional classes included: Depth- Unlimited Roaming; Depth-Limited Roaming; Virtual Station Keeping; Payload Delivery; Level-Flight Hybrids.


Catenary-free trams powered by on-board supercapacitor systems require high charging power from tram stations along the line. Since a shared electric grid is suffering from power superimposition when several trams charge at the same time, we propose to install stationary energy storage systems (SESSs) for power supply network to downsize charging equipment and reduce operational cost of the electric grid. To evaluate the trade-off between component cost and operational cost, an optimisation problem, which integrates type selection, sizing, energy management and different installation configurations of the SESSs, is introduced and formulated in terms of an annual cost. Disciplined convex modelling is applied to obtain a computationally tractable solution for a case study on an existing line in China. Results show that the optimal solution may reduce tramline cost by 11.48%.


As we already know that the majority of work accidents in mining in Indonesia are fatal. Advances in technology and shifting work practices can increase the number of work accidents due to a lack of understanding of workers at work locations. As a result, we need tools that can reduce the number of work accidents and the number of deaths due to work accidents. Microcontrollers are now very widely used because they are very useful and very helpful in solving problems. Microcontrollers are widely used in everyday life, for example traffic lights. Therefore, the author has the idea to create an automatic tool based on the Atmega microcontroller using the Research and Development (R&D) method. The design of this tool uses the Arduino Atmega microcontroller as a controller and the HC-SR04 sensor to detect the fill level in the laddle and a servo motor to open and close the filling valve. With this tool, it can overcome the problems of the mining industry in the form of human labor in very dangerous areas in the mining industry. The results of this study are that this tool is capable of filling, lifting, carrying and pouring matte nickel laddles automatically.


Although the term technology transfer is relatively new, the business of moving technology and ideas between originators and implementers has been going on almost since time began. With the accelerating pace of technology development and the pressing issue of increasing competition on a global scale, the formerly ad hoc approach to such activities must become more systematically planned and scientifically based. Engineers have been slow to adapt to this need and must begin to recognize that the practice of technology transfer is an integral part of their activities that directly influences the effectiveness of many of their efforts. The paper begins with a discussion of the mythology that has grown up around technology transfer activities. This mythology now often impedes the implementation of effective and properly designed technology‐transfer programs. Using this discussion as a base, a generic framework is developed that defines the different levels at which such programs apply. A clear distinction is ...


We give an overview of the key components on the physical and the data link layer of 10 GbE and discuss how these can be scaled to next generation 100 GbE, both for metro and core networks. (4 pages)


Magnetometers are used for measuring the characteristics of magnetic field and magnetic properties of the material. A changeable source of a homogeneous magnetic field is necessary for verification and calibration of magnetometers. Often the Helmholtz coil is used for generating magnetic homogeneous field, but homogeneous field area generated by Helmholtz coils is confined to a small volume in the center of the coils. The paper describes result of modeling a coils system to generate a homogeneous magnetic field with increased volume in comparison to Helmholtz coils.


The Paper attempts to translate an Igbo poem 'Atilogwu' by Chidi Emenike into English with a view to sharing his indigenous Igbo creativity with English readers. Literature and development are inseparable as every era has its philosophical undertone. Literary traditions of international repute often include translated literature. African multilingualism has given birth to a generation of African Scholars who not only create artistic works in African and non-African languages, but contribute greatly to world literature through literary translation. The Igbo of Southeastern Nigeria are rich in creative works expressed in Igbo language and other international languages like English, French and German. Bearing in mind the fact that the beauty of poetry lies in its sonorous presentation of the subject-matter, efforts have been made to reproduce in English the most dynamic and most natural equivalent of Chidi Emenike's original message in his poem 'Atilogwu.'. Although there is a significant loss of certain sonorous effects in our translation, English readers cannot but appreciate Chidi Emenike's poetic ingenuity as he eulogizes the Igbo dance 'Atilogwu' in this poem. It is concluded that literary creativity in indigenous African languages should be encouraged without fear of the artists being unknown to the international community as Africa's multilingualism has produced indigenous scholars who can translate African literary thoughts into English and other languages of the world.


The reaction of 4,4-dimethyl-3-oxobutanoic (or pentanoic) acid esters with the lactim ether of 2-pyrrolidone in the presence of 2-hydroxypyridine produces condensation producs in 57-72% yield. Acidic hydrolysis of these products affords furandione system in 75-81% yield


According to the symmetrical characteristics of groundwater table in horizontal drainage system,a kind of isolation body is selected to study the law of groundwater movement in the body of slope.The drainage hole is simulated as a type of conductive pipe with strong permeability, the seepage model of the isolation body is establishes. Adopting the numerical method,this paper simulates and analyzes the seepage distribution features of groundwater in the dewatering process of the horizontal drainage holes.It is shown from a practical example that the reasonable results can be obtained,the method can be used in assessment and design of horizontal drainage project.


The level of contamination with organochlorine pesticides and the occurrence of their degradation products in the basins of the two main rivers, San Juan and Jachal, of the Province of San Juan, Argentina, were determined. Surface and ground water samples from both river basins were evaluated by capillary GC and results confirmed with Mass Spectrometry. Chemicals investigated were: alfa-hexachlorocyclohexane (a-HCH); beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (b-HCH); gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (g-HCH); delta-hexachlorocyclohexane (d-HCH); Heptachlor; Heptachlor epoxide; Aldrin; Dieldrin; Endosulfan I; Endosulfan II; 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2 bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p´ DDT; 1,1-dichloro-2,2 bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p-'DDE); 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p,p'-chlorophenyl) ethane (p-p'DDD); 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis-(o,p'-chlorophenyl) ethane (o-p'DDD); Methoxychlor; Endrin. Concentrations found for b-HCH and Dieldrin were above the maximum permissible values recommended by international organizations (E.C. Council Directive 1980). Mean values found in positive samples were 14.20 mg/L (0.01 - 208.10) and 9.35 mg/L (0.07 - 145.00) for b-HCH and Dieldrin, respectively. For a total number of 314 samples, the percentage of positive samples ranged from 68.6 % for Heptachlor to 16 % for Aldrin. Concentration values and the percentage of positive samples in ground water were significantly lower than those found in surface water. In some surface samples, the values were higher than the allowed maximum (1 to 3 mg/L). Samples taken in different seasons did not show significant differences


The minimum resources needed to use accident statistics and other data effectively for highway safety program administration are directly related to the problem identification, goal setting, and evaluation tasks outlined in the Highway Safety Program. The problem identification process involves the following steps: identification of data sources and collection of data; collection of normalizing data; analysis of data; development of the problem identification report; and ranking of identified problems. Each of these steps is discussed briefly. The first step in the goal-setting process is to establish initial goals and objectives for each problem area identified. The second step is to combine the goals for the individual problem area into overall goals for the highway safety programs. Various approaches to program evaluation are described. Program evaluation requires experimental design and data processing skills. State program evaluation includes a general review and program summary emphasizing accomplishments, particularly those of innovative and impact projects.


There are many forces at work in a design process. Each element of a design sketch reacts to ones before and after it. As an designer, one must be able to look at each as an individual and as part of the whole. In addition, the ideals and experience brought to a project works its magic as well. It is the tension and the balance between the elements and ideals that create architecture. With a Bed and Breakfast as a project vehicle, the connection to the site, the relationship between public and private areas, and how the materials and structure for m spaces were studied. These considerations led to a process of discovery and the challenge to weave the site, structure, and materials in a cohesive design. "Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference."


While the Prophet was alive, the Companions had consulted to him personally for the solution of every religious matter and to the Qur'an and Sunnah after his death. On the issues that they could not find information in the two sources mentioned, they have made judgments by making ijtihad. Those who were not at the level to make ijtihad obtained information by consulting to people who were experts in religious matters. The Muslims who came after them continued to follow the same path. Later on, fatwa books were prepared and these works began to be used in the field of qada as well as fatwa. Although the proposal for codification of Islamic law was made by Ibn Mukaffa' (d. 142/759) at a very early period, this proposal was not realized and the act of codification started too late. So much so that the Islamic world has lagged behind the West in legalizationThe codification activities that started in the modern western world after the French Revolution in the nineteenth century also affected the Islamic world, and as a result, the codification activities began to appear in the Islamic world too. These activities, initiated by the Ottoman State, pioneered the codification activity in the Islamic world, and then codification activities continued in other Islamic countries. Laws prepared by the Ottoman State, such as al-Majalla al Ahkam al Adliyyah (The Ottoman Courts Manual) and the Family Law Decree continued to be in force in some other Islamic countries a long time after they were declared abolished in Republic of Turkey. In addition, they affected directly or indirectly the law of Islamic countries such as Afghanistan that were never under Ottoman State's rule. In this article, the effects of Ottoman law on Afghan law will be discussed in the context of criminal law, family law and law of obligations.


Exposed roots were used to estimate soil and bedrock erosion on the cut slopes of a 45-year-old road constructed in granitic soils of the Idaho Batholith. The original roadcut surface was defined by projecting a straight line from the toe of the cut past the end of the exposed root to the intersection of a straight line projected along the surface of the hillslope. A cross-sectioning technique was then used to determine erosion to the present roadcut surface. A total of 41 exposed root sites were used to estimate erosion on a 1350 m-long section of road. Average erosion was 1·0 and 1·1 cm/year for soil and bedrock respectively. Buttressing by tree roots caused lower erosion rates for soil as compared to bedrock. Both soil and bedrock erosion rates showed statistically significant correlations with the gradients of the original cut slope. The bedrock erosion data provide a reasonable estimate of the disintegration rate of exposed granitic bedrock exhibiting the weathering and fracturing properties common to this area. The road is located in a study watershed where long-term sediment yield data are available. Sediment data from adjacent study watersheds with no roads were compared to sediment data from the roaded watershed to estimate the long-term increase in sediment yield caused by the road. The increase amounts to about 2·4 m3/year. This figure, compared to the average annual on-site road erosion, provides an erosion to sediment delivery ratio of less than 10 per cent. Based on study results, road construction and maintenance practices are suggested for helping reduce roadcut erosion.


Ten iron-based alloys and nickel-based alloys were subjected to oxidation treatment in a hot air environment for various periods. In this investigation, all alloys contained a certain amount of Cr, and Cr 2 O 3 and (Mn, Fe, Cr) 3 O 4 spinel compounds are generated on the surface oxides. Other spinels that contain Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni are also formed on it; the compositions depend on the composition of the steels and any other materials that are in contact with the interconnects. Accordingly, the role of spinels in the oxidation of interconnects must be understood.


Machine learning as a service (MLaaS) has brought much convenience to our daily lives recently. However, the fact that the service is provided through cloud raises privacy leakage issues. In this work we propose the compressive privacy generative adversarial network (CPGAN), a data-driven adversarial learning framework for generating compressing representations that retain utility comparable to state-of-the-art, with the additional feature of defending against reconstruction attack. This is achieved by applying adversarial learning scheme to the design of compression network (privatizer), whose utility/privacy performances are evaluated by the utility classifier and the adversary reconstructor, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that CPGAN achieves better utility/privacy trade-off in comparison with the previous work, and is applicable to real-world large datasets.


The American Review of International Arbitration, Vol. 3 (Essays in Honor of Hans Smit), eds. by Thomas Carbonneau and Viatislav Pechota. Published by Transnational Juris Publications Inc., New York (1993, xi and 264 pp., incl. Contents, Prefatory Note and Introduction ). Hardback. US$120.00.

This third volume of The American Review of International Arbitration is wholly devoted to a collection of essays dedicated to Professor Hans Smit of the Parker School of Foreign and Comparative Law at Columbia University on the occasion of his 65th birthday. The standard of the work is worthy of its celebration. The essayists are a team of eminent international scholars and practitioners, some with a foot in each camp, whose collective contributions …


Describes the architecture of the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and its advantages in various industrial applications. A prototype of cooperative neural fuzzy controller, CONEFCON, has been developed to demonstrate the feasibility of FLC.


Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase(P5CS) is the key enzyme in the proline synthesis from glutamate.As the main osmoregulation substance in plants,proline accumulation is positively correlated with the adaptability of plants to drought stress.Samples were chosen from three tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea) plants,Qiancao No.1(QC1),Qiancao No.2 with narrow leaf(QC2n) and broad leaf(QC2b).The upstream and downstream of P5CS genes from three samples were cloned by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method.The complete P5CS genes of QC1,QC2n and QC2b were spliced with open reading frame of 2 151 bp in length and encoded P5CS protein consisted of 717 amino acid residues.Compare to the known genes deposited in GenBank,the highest homology of P5CS genes from QC1,QC2n and QC2b with Puccinellia chinampoensis is 94%.Furthermore,six different amino acids were found from the Glu-5-kinase domain of the encoded P5CS protein among QC1,QC2n and QC2b samples,in which amino acids at site 37,85 and 142 were changed from hydrophobic residues into positively charged hydrophilic ones.The enzyme activities of P5CS and the proline content of leaves in sample QC1 were the highest and those of QC2b were the lowest.The results suggested that the amino acids changes in the Glu-5-kinase domain of P5CS might be pivotal for the enzyme activity,proline biosynthesis and the drought tolerance of F.arundinacea.


hemically blended thermoplastic IPN(CBT-IPN) and mechanically blended thermoplastic IPN(MBT-IPN) were prepared by combining polymer Ⅰ, a linear styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS) triblock copolymer with polymer Ⅱ, an ionomer prepared from a random copolymer of styrene and methacrylic acid(10: 1,by volume). Their morphology and glass transition behavior were investigated by transmission electron microscopy(TIM) and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy (DMS). The experimentel results showed that compatibility was increased after forming IPN from precursors and that CBT-IPN were more compatible than compositionally equivalent MBT-IPN. All of samples exhibited two glass transition temperature and two phases which separated from each other. Analysis of moduli data with the theories of Budiansky and Kerner disclosed dual phase continuity and phase continuity of polymer Ⅱ was decreased with increase of SBS content.


In actual examples of population game, it should be considered how agents of population make decision under multiple targets. Therefore, this paper puts forward the definition of weakly Pareto-Nash equilibrium of bi-objective population game on the basis of simple target of population game and multiple target game. Further, this paper also gives the reason of the existence of the equilibrium point of the bi-objective population game.


The introduction of input devices with natural user interfaces in gaming hardware has changed the way we interact with games. Hardware with motion-sensing and gesture recognizing capabilities remov ...


Abstract : Operational commanders could reduce their reaction time, lengthen their endurance and increase their lethality during short-notice military operations anywhere in the world by complementing carrier-based air operations with land-based strategic aircraft. A forward-based CVBG represents a quick, highly organized response, but lacks the sustainability and lethality of air operations the commander needs. Likewise, strategic aircraft can bring enhanced capabilities to a fight quickly, but lack a constant forward presence and on-scene command structure. While neither carrier-based nor strategic air power can independently give the operational commander the speed, sustainability and lethality he needs, the combination of the two could. Operational commanders could greatly enhance combat effectiveness right away by embracing the doctrine envisioned by Joint Vision 2020, with assets from different branches actually working in concert rather than just in close proximity. By providing carrier battle groups with strategic air assets, operational commanders could prosecute quicker, longer and heavier attacks simply by employing their current assets with greater synergy.


A new and reliable MAC protocol is proposed to reduce the number of control handshake messages, such as RTS (Request-To-Send) and CTS (Clear-To-Send), incurred prior to data transmission in ad hoc wireless networks. Such a handshake is currently being used in the IEEE 802.11 DFWMAC (Distributed Foundation Wireless MAC) protocol. Our protocol is power efficient since fewer control messages are being used. By overhearing the ACK message sent by the upstream node, a node can gain advance knowledge that data would be arriving and hence need only to initiate a CTS later on. In addition to this, we introduce reliability into the protocol using an acknowledgment message to indicate that the data transmitted has been reliably received. Issues related to collision of control messages are also addressed in this paper. The communication performance of our protocol is evaluated via simulation and we also compare it with the IEEE 802.11 DFWMAC. Results show that our protocol outperforms DFWMAC with fewer control overheads incurred and smaller end-to-end delay.


An application of the Wave Iterative Process (WIP) is presented in the case of the study of the scattering of an electromagnetic plane wave by a system of 5 arbitrarily placed metallic dipoles.


The topic is important because it addresses a current problem, through the question: Does serious and irreversible facial disfigurement deserve to be typified as an independent criminal offense given the serious damage it causes to the mental health of the victim? The objective: to establish the degree of affectation that this type of attacks represent in the mental health of the victim in order to justify its typification as an independent penal figure in the criminal legislations of the world. The methodology is descriptive, documentary - bibliographic, cross-sectional, the technique used was the survey. The face is the letter of presentation of the human being, this type of damage causes affectations in the mental health, self-esteem, and self-concept of the individual.


Every organization reflects the background of its most powerful top managers and what the organization does and the way it carries out its functions, could be explained, in part at least, by the pr...


As the highest plateau on the Earth,the Tibetan Plateau influences the climate of its adjacent regions and even the whole Asia or the whole world.However,knowledge on its precipitation pattern is very limited due to the sparsely distributed rain gauges,especially in its western part.Besides,the plateau is geomorphologically complicated,making it even harder to carry out conventional meteorological observations.Satellite data for precipitation estimation has the advantage of full spatial coverage and can be used to solve the problem of climatic data shortage.In this article,the 0.25-degree resolution Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) 3B43 product from 1998 to 2011 was analyzed to depict spatial and seasonal precipitation patterns over the plateau.But,TRMM 3B43 data often overestimate the amount of rainfall in the arid areas and underestimate rainfall in the extremely humid regions.Kriging interpolation method was chosen to improve the accuracy of TRMM data based on the difference between observational and TRMM-derived data.The results confirmed the generally recognized spatial patterns of precipitation decreasing from southeast to northwest and from south to north,the existence of rain shadow in the northern flank of the Himalaya Mountains and the cold-arid core of the Eurasia.Some new spatial patterns of precipitation were also revealed,such as the dry region in the Ali-Karakoram Mountains,a relatively humid region in the heartland of the plateau and a comparatively arid region in the central part of the Hengduan Mountains.Seasonal patterns of precipitation in the Tibetan Plateau vary greatly from southeast to northwest.The ratios of precipitation in Spring(from March to May),Autumn(from September to November) and Winter(from December to February) to annual precipitation are all 20~ 30% in the northwest of the plateau,while the ratio for Summer(from June to August) is 30%~40%,a little more than that in other seasons.In the southeast,precipitation occurs mainly in summer(40%~60%),some in spring and autumn(20%~30% each),and less in winter(lower than 10%).


The present invention, using conventional semiconductor processing techniques, comprising a reproducible fin minimum having a smaller pitch and width can be obtained by photolithography, a method of manufacturing a dual gate FET. The first layer (3) and the second layer (4) formed in the projection (2) on a substrate (1), then, to expose the upper surface of the projections (2). A portion of the first layer (3), by selective removal relative to the protrusion (2) and the second layer (4), to form a fin (6) and trench (5). Also provides a method of forming a plurality of fins (6) and trench (5). Dual-gate FET is to form a trench (5) a gate electrode (7) in, is formed by forming a source region and a drain region. Furthermore, having two gate electrodes exerted separately biased to provide a method for producing the minimum and asymmetric dual-gate FET.


This study was carried out in Umfakarin natural forest reserve, South Kordofan, Sudan. The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of tree density and tapping tools on productivity of gum talha from Acacia seyal Del. var. seyal and also to estimate the probability of Acacia seyal to produce gum talha when exposed to different tapping techniques. Data for the study were collected during September 2007 to February 2008. A total of 167 Acacia seyal trees grown in pure natural stands, in dense, medium and slight strata, were selected based on diameter at breast height (DBH ranged from 6.7 to 36.9 cm). In order to investigate the influence of tapping on gum yield, trees were exposed to tapping on the 1 st of November using local tools ( saunkey and makmak ) in comparison to untapped trees which were used as a control. Nine treatments (a combination of 3 strata x 3 tools) were executed. Comparison of means, correlations and logistic regression models were applied. The results of the study indicate that individual trees of Acacia seyal in different strata vary in gum yields. The overall mean of the gum yield was 13.68 g/tree/season. The average yield per tree/season was 7.1, 11.0 and 22.8 g in medium, dense and slight stratum respectively. Non-producing trees comprised almost more than 50 percent of the total sample. 73 percent of the selected trees produced gum below 10 g/season. Although tapping trees using makmak in slight stratum produced the highest gum yield (25.78 g/tree/season) but the results of the study show no significant differences between the treatments in gum yield. The outcomes of the logistic regression model showed that 59.3 percent of the predictions were correctly classified. However, when other variables are incorporated, 64.7 percent of the predictions were correct. The results of the study may be of great importance for future studies in order to improve the predictions of gum talha yield and to manage Acacia seyal trees for multipurpose objectives.


ain objective of the contribution is the introduction of a simplified mathematical approach that describes the progression of larval growth in hemimetabolous insects. The model is founded on a distinction between hormonal growth rate (Wh) and intrinsic growth rate (Wi), the latter of which includes the increase of larval size due to food consumption. In addition, any dependence of these growth rates on environmental temperature is considered. Evaluation of model validity was conducted by using experimental growth data that were determined for larvae of the two cricket species Teleogryllus commodus Walker 1869 and Acheta domesticus (L., 1758). Correspondence between theoretical and practical results varied according to the species and temperature regarded, with Pearson's correlation coefficients adopting values between 0.97 and 0.99. Insect growth models may help to obtain a better understanding of the life cycles of such organisms, which is of high essence for targeted pest control and effective rearing of food animals.


This paper introduces computer science as the new scientific partner of ergonomics in the design of works. In particular the last ten years have seen the development of software ergonomics, which is concerned with the design of the interaction of man and computer. More recent developments both in software ergonomics and in computer science indicate a widening of the approach and a move to more comprehensive questions of work design.


Non-small-cell lung cancer is one of the leading causes of deaths from cancer worldwide. There have been remarkable advances in the targeted treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) over the past several years. Survival outcomes are steadily improving as management paradigms shift in the diagnosis and treatment of advanced NSCLC. Customizing treatment based on histology and molecular typing has become a standard of care in this era of targeted therapy. Even as new chemotherapeutic agents are proving effective, a pivotal role for platinum-based chemotherapy doublets has been confirmed. Maintenance chemotherapy has become an option, but determining which patients will most benefit from it remains controversial in the real-world setting. Ongoing efforts to overcome resistance to targeted agents utilizing combination regimens of chemotherapy plus targeted agents, are currently being explored and optimized. This review highlights recent developments in novel chemotherapeutics. Despite advances in molecular medicine, there remains an essential role for chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC, even in the recent targeted therapy era.


Incompressible developing entry flows through square ducts with 90 degree bends are studied numerically by using an efficient implicit SMAC scheme with different boundary conditions. This study eventually aimed at passage flow analysis of turbomachinery elements with a strong curvature such as centrifugal impeller or draft tube. The generalized implicit scheme used in the present study has been developted to solve the threedimensional Navier-Stokes equations by the author. Numerical results for some different numerical conditions are obtained and compared with each other.


The problem researched is that there presently does not exist a set of success factors which are common across organizations and have some predictability relationship to software reuse. For completeness, this research also investigated possible predictive relationships between software reuse and both productivity and quality. A 1995 survey was conducted to determine the state-of-the-practice. The data from the survey was statistically analyzed to evaluate the relationships among reuse capability, productivity, quality, and the individual software reuse success factors. The results of the analysis showed some of the success factors to have a predictive relationship to software reuse capability. Software reuse capability also had a predictive relationship to productivity and quality. Based on the research results, the leading indicators of software reuse capability are: product-line approach, architecture which standardizes interfaces and data formats, common software architecture across the product-line, design for manufacturing approach, domain engineering, management which understands reuse issues, software reuse advocate(s) in senior management, state-of-the-art tools and methods, precedence of reusing high level software artifacts such as requirements and design versus just code reuse, and trace end-user requirements to the components (systems, subsystems, and/or software modules) which support them.


graph of the sucking lice of the world, additional new species have been discovered and species complexes have been divided into groups of closely related species. Cook and Beer (1959) described two new species of Hoplopleura, H. ferrisi and H. onychomydis, and Johnson (1959) has divided Neohaematopinus sciurinus complex into Neohaematopinus sciurinus (Mjoberg), N. sciuri Janeke, and N. semifasciatus Ferris based on good morphological characters and host associations. Additional research has revealed at


Increasingly, federal organizations must work together with other organizations to jointly produce public value. Thus, it is important for public employees to develop critical collaborative skills. The National Academy of Public Administration affirmed this by calling for a focus on collaborative competencies, but the question remained: What are collaborative competencies? Many skills are theoretically connected to collaboration, but these links have not been tested empirically. Following the methodology developed by McClelland and furthered by Spencer and Spencer, this article presents the results of a collaborative competency study. This investigation involved the use of matched criterion samples (superior versus average collaborators) from the federal government. Individuals in the criterion samples were interviewed using the behavioral event interview design to identify differentiating competencies and create a competency model for future validation.


As a new trend of modern reservoir project, landscape reservoir planning breaks through the tradition, it not only considers the functions of flood control and water utilization, but also especially pays attention to harmony with its surrounding environment, the planning thoughts, ideas , planning course and results of the landscape reservoir are introduced. It can play certain reference role in the planning of reservoir project in our country.


This article analyzes America Today, a United States Information Service publication circulated to Southeast Asian Chinese between 1949 and 1952. Although the federal government had no intention of lifting immigration restrictions, the magazine promoted the idea that the United States provided humanitarian assistance and abundant opportunities to Chinese immigrants as well as their American-born Chinese counterparts to achieve upward mobility, form a conjugal family, and enjoy patriarchal authority. The stories demonstrated an attempt to inspire Chinese male readers in Southeast Asia to support the United States and the "free world," rather than Communism and the People's Republic of China.


Africans in America have been interpreting Deuteronomy since kidnapped Africans first reached Jamestown in 1619. This chapter recovers precritical or pastoral interpretations of Deuteronomy by people from Africa and the African diaspora. This interpretation of their freedom narratives explores the language of Deuteronomy. Already in the 1990s, black theology understood the importance of these once-named "slave narratives" and precritical biblical interpretation and theology, but now even mainstream biblical criticism recognizes their importance. The use of Deuteronomy in the Harlem Renaissance by Zora Neale Hurston and in the civil rights movement by Martin Luther King Jr. picks up more on its narrative plot rather than its poetics. Recent readings by Harold V. Bennett and my own work focus on the historical and close reading of the Hebrew text.


Linear programming (LP) is an important tool for many inter-disciplinary optimization problems. The Simplex method is the most widely used algorithm to solve LP problems and has immense impact on several developments in various fields. With development of public domain and commercial software solvers, it has been automated and made available for use. A serious bottleneck in implementation of Simplex algorithm is the efficient implementation over application-specific processors and parallel hardware platforms such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays. Such implementation could result in drastic speed up in execution of linear programming models. In this paper, we implement Simplex algorithm over FPGA with both low-level design language namely VHDL and high-level design and modeling packages for hardware generation. In addition, we have also modeled the design in Simulink to serve as an intermediate design for migration from software to hardware. A comparison with existing works promises large speed-ups. KeywordsLinear Programming; Simplex; Simulink; Xilinx System Generator; VHDL programming;


Purpose - This study surveyed real estate financial consumers and financial company staff regarding the components of the financial consumer protection system to seek detailed improvement plans for the Financial Consumer Protection Act. Design/methodology/approach - The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique is applied. Findings - Both consumers and staff highly evaluated the importance of the preventive measures in the main classification factors. Regarding the sub-classification factors of preventive measures, consumers emphasized the responsible management of investment staff and financial institutions; however, the staff stressed the principle of effectiveness and efficiency. Regarding the elements of ex-post remedies, consumers answered that fast remedy would have a significant effect. At the same time, staff believed that punitive measures hinder free trading and investment activities. Regarding the sub-sub classification factors of prevention measures, the consumers value responsible management of staff and financial companies, while the staff tend to prefer the importance of the self-regulatory governance. Research implications or Originality - Based on the above results, financial regulatory authorities should find a balance between preventive and ex-post components once focusing on preventative measures. Our paper is one of the first research findings in this field of financial consumer protection system in Korea.


Using goal-setting techniques can increase workers' motivation and performance. Goals are especially effective if the work task has a simple structure. Individual work goals can increase performance, whether assigned by management or chosen by the worker. Even when monetary incentives are already high, complementing those incentives with goal setting can improve performance. Similar to the effect of monetary incentives, goals help to focus attention on the most important parts of the work task. eLeVator PitCH


This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction The Adaptive Control Algorithms Flight Control X-43A-LS Autolander LoFLYTE ?? Optimal Control LoFLYTE ?? Stability Augmentation Design for Uncertainty with Hard Constraints Fusion of Soft Computing and Hard Computing Conclusions


Taman Baca Masyarakat (TBM) is one of the non-formal education programs developed by the government with reference to the legislation regarding the National Education System. Pondok Sinau Lentera Anak Nusantara (LENSA) is one of TBM that was established in Malang since 2015. With the number of books reaching 518 books, it was found that in this place sevice not well organized, because it's done manually. Information technology through digital QR Code book system is one of the answers for TBM to further increase flexibility and convenience for management and community in getting information quickly and precisely. A black-box testing software testing is done to see the system functionality being built. Furthermore, questionnaires were distributed to determine of usefulness system, and found that the existence of this information system provided a value of benefits and a positive impact on the development of TBM, with a satisfaction value of 94.8%.


In the last five years, researchers have seen a notable increase in difficulty of collecting valid and useful survey data. Respondents, likely attracted to the prospect of receiving prizes or other compensation after survey completion, submit survey responses that are irrelevant to the questions asked, relevant but unusable due to the respondent not identifying as a member of the target population, or comprised of nonsense (such as paragraphs of lorem ipsum text or copy-pasted from other sources). As a result of experiencing a high volume of invalid survey responses to a qualitative survey aiming to research identity narrative formation among Irish women, this project highlights the forms in which invalid survey responses appear and analyzes the ways in which this might be avoided. Previous research has suggested the use of internet protocol (IP) address analysis and attention checks to prevent survey nonresponse as well as responses from non-target populations and invalid responses. For this project, tactics such as attention checks, skip logic, CAPTCHA, and highly specific population-relevant questions were experimented with to lessen invalid responses from both human respondents and bots, as well as to lessen the amount of data cleaning needed to find relevance in responses. Analysis of these methods and a conclusion of suggested best practices to avoid survey nonresponse and noncompliance are offered for future surveying.


Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common type of dementia. To date, no curative treatment exists. Over 35 million people worldwide currently suffer from dementia and as the population ages numbers increase as well as the urgency to develop adequate therapeutics. An important part of the AD pathology is marked by beta-amyloid (Abeta) deposits, called plaques. D-enantiomeric peptides (D-peptide) were developed that specifically reduce Abeta oligomers which are thought to be the most toxic species. D-peptides are less immunogenic and better protease-resistant than L-peptides, therefore thought to remain longer in the body providing more time to be therapeutically active. Here, we show pharmacokinetic studies of one of those D-peptides. The peptide's distribution through the body was assessed for the most important organs such as liver, kidney, brain and plasma. To do so, radioactively labelled peptide was administered via several administration routes and organs were harvested at different time points. The amount of D-peptide in the organ homogenate was measured by scintillation counting. Furthermore, binding to plasma proteins as well as brain membranes was determined, also using radioactively labelled peptide as indicator. Results show that the D-peptide indeed reaches the brain where it is thought to exhibit its therapeutic function. Furthermore, a long half-life and small elimination constant in plasma as well as a good bioavailability confirm the peptide's value as AD-therapeutic on its way to clinical studies.


There are many different kinds of auditory training programs available for use by children who are deaf or hard of hearing. However, there are only a few that are appropriate to be used by high school students and even fewer still that relate to the student's academic courses. An auditory training curriculum for deaf and hard of hearing high school students was developed relating to a New York State regents course in biology using the CardMaster 2020 from Califone. Fifteen key vocabulary words from three biology units were chosen for use in this curriculum. Five of these fifteen words were not practiced by the students but served as a control. The ten vocabulary words that were to be practiced were also placed in ten sentences to be listened to and written down. All vocabulary words and sentences were recorded onto magnetic cards that were listened to using the CardMaster 2020, a magnetic card reader. Participants were able to improve their scores from the pre-test to the posHest after they practiced listening to the magnetic cards. Proiect Overview: This project contains three units of auditory training lesson plans based on a New York State High School Biology curriculum. The three lesson plans contain key words from biology units on Life Processes, Interdependence of Life, and Cell Function and Structure. Each lesson plan has fifteen key vocabulary words, pronunciation keys, and their definitions written out. In addition, each of these vocabulary words is recorded twice onto a magnetic card to be used in the CardMaster 2020, a magnetic card reader. A pre-test and post-test for each unit of vocabulary words has been created as well. Each unit also contains ten sentences that include ten of the fifteen vocabulary words in them. Magnetic cards have been recorded for each of these ten sentences to be listened to by the student. Each sentence has been typed up with a confidence


In the past few decades, much attention has been paid to the bubbling problem for semilinear Neumann elliptic equation with the critical and subcritical polynomial nonlinearity, much less is known if the polynomial nonlinearity is replaced by the exponential nonlinearity. In this paper, we consider the following semilinear Neumann elliptic problem with the Trudinger-Moser exponential growth: \begin{equation*}\begin{cases} -d\Delta u_d+u_d=u_d(e^{u^2_{d}}-1)\ \ \mbox{in}\ \Omega,\\ \frac{\partial u_d}{\partial\nu}=0\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \mbox{on}\ \partial \Omega,\\ \end{cases}\end{equation*} where $d>0$ is a parameter, $\Omega$ is a smooth bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^2$, $\nu$ is the unit outer normal to $\partial \Omega$. We first prove the existence of a ground state solution to the above equation. If $d$ is sufficiently small, we prove that any ground state solution $u_d$ has at most one maximum point which is located on the boundary of $\Omega$ and characterize the shape of ground state solution $u_d$ around the condensation point $P_d$. The key point of the proof lies in proving that the maximum point $P_d$ is close to the boundary at the speed of $\sqrt{d}$ when $d\rightarrow0$ and $u_d$ under suitable scaling transform converges strongly to the ground state solution of the limit equation $\Delta w+w=w(e^{w^2}-1)$. Our proof is based on the energy threshold of cut-off function, the concentration compactness principle for the Trudinger-Moser inequality, regularity theory for elliptic equation and an accurate analysis for the energy of the ground state solution $u_d$ as $d\rightarrow0$. Furthermore, by assuming that $\Omega$ is a unit disk, we remove the smallness assumption on $d$ and show the maximum point of ground state solution $u_d$ must lie on the boundary of $\Omega$ for any $d>0$.


The peak temperature and temperature gradient of DPF would increase rapidly and even led to DPF damage if the engine dropped to idle speed during the active regeneration.In order to solve the problem,DPF active regeneration temperature control based on idle speed enhancement was researched.The results show that the temperature and temperature gradient around the center of DPF exit are maximum after the drop-to-idle.With the increase of idle speed,the peak temperature and temperature gradient of carrier decrease step by step.When the idle speed increases to 1 100r/min,the highest temperature peak decreases by 22.9%from 820 ℃to 632 ℃ and the highest temperature gradient decreases by 66.7% from 30 ℃/cm to10 ℃/cm.


Apelin is one of the adipokines. Acne vulgaris is a very common dermatological disease with a multifactorial background and hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are considered to play a pivotal role in its development and severity.

 To evaluate serum apelin levels in acne vulgaris patients and to reveal the possible relation between its serum levels and the insulin resistance state in acne vulgaris patients.

 Thirty-two acne vulgaris patients and thirty-two healthy controls were enrolled into the study. The blood levels of apelin, insulin and glucose were measured in patients and controls. Homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR) was calculated to evaluate the insulin resistance state.

 Acne vulgaris patients experienced significant higher levels of fasting insulin, serum apelin, and HOMA-IR compared to controls.

 These results suggest that serum apelin and insulin resistance may have a role in the pathogenesis of acne.


We show that for every mean zero log-concave real random variable X one has k X k p ≤ pq k X k q for p ≥ q ≥ 1, going beyond the well-known case of symmetric random variables. We also prove that in the class of arbitrary log-concave real random variables for p > q > 0 the quantity k X k p / k X k q is maximized for some shifted exponential distribution. Building upon this we derive the bound k X k p ≤ C 0 pq k X k q for arbitrary log-concave X , with best possible absolute constant C 0 = e W (1 /e ) ≈ 1 . 3211 in front of pq , where W stands for the Lambert function.


The 1980 UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Status of the Artist emphasised the importance of including artists in the policy-making process. However, 30 years later, evidence suggests that artists often have only marginal involvement in the policy-making of UNESCO member states. This paper explores how visual artists in England relate to arts policy-making. An overview is provided of how artists fared in arts policy during the 50 years following the creation of the Arts Council of Great Britain (ACGB) in 1946. A more detailed account is then given of how visual artists featured in the policy-making of Arts Council England (ACE) and the Department for Culture Media and Sport (DCMS) during the period of the New Labour government, 1997–2010. The conclusion is drawn that, despite an official rhetoric which claimed artists occupied a priority position within English arts policy during this period, in reality artists continued to lack visibility and influence.


Objective: To determine the value of low-field magnetic resonance fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery(FLAIR) technique and diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)technique in the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction.Methods: Eighty-two patients with cerebral infarction,including 40cases in acute stage,29 cases in subacute stage,13cases in chronic stage,underwent routine MR examination through T1WI,T2WI,FLAIR,DWI scan to detect the scope of lesions,border and contrast.Results: Of the detection of the scope of lesions,FLAIR and DWI were better than routine T1WI,T2WI,especially the DWI.Conclusion: FLAIR and DWI techniques are better than T2WI in the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction;DWI technique has higher sensitivity in the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction,and may undergo quantitative evaluation of acute cerebral infarction.


The ethyl cellulose (EC)/Nylon-1010 blends of various proponions (5-25wt%) were prepared by using small single screw extruder, and the blends were studied in terms of WAXD, DSC, rheological experiment, mechanical mechanical etc.. The results showed that the morphology and structure of the Nylon-1010 were changed in the blends while the strength and modulus of the EC/Nylon-1010 blends were somewhat increase. In usual injection rate region, the viscosity was significantly decreased. Espedally, when the content of the EC in the blends is 15% and 20%, the improvement of these properties is more distinct.


Fermented beverages have high expression in the market for beverages in general, is increasingly valued in situations where the characteristic aroma and flavor of the material that gave rise to them are kept after processing. The passion fruit ( Passiflora edulis ) is a well-known fruit in Vietnam. Our study focuses on investigation about some parameters including sugar content, pH, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation and fermentation time to get the good fermented passion fruit beverage. Our results are as follows: pectinase supplementation 0.15 ml/100g (0.15%), water dilution 50% with juice, incubation at 40 o C in 1 hour with 1.5% yeast, pH of fermentation 4.0, fermentation temperature 26 ± 1oC; fermentation time 72 hours, syrup adding 65 o Brix. The final fermented passion fruit beverage has sensory score at 16.6. This investigation is suitable for a completely fermented passion fruit beverage production.


We show that, for two non-trivial random variables X and Y under a sublinear expectation space, if X is independent from Y and Y is independent from X, then X and Y must be maximally distributed.