Straiving increase the quantity of new students of the Panca Marga Univercity Probolinggo. From the general illustration five years later, the condition of the instituation to find out one problems is : the decrease of quantity students at 20013-2013 academic year. The decrease of the quantity students is threatment principally for the in instituition countinuity, so the thesis topic choice is what the efforting to increase the quantity of the students from 834 students at 2013-2014 to be up until 1500 student at 2014-2015. This thesis used the survey method to investigation and collected by : 1). Analysis document investigation, 2). Observation investigation, 3). Interview investigation, 4). Quisioner unvestigation. The data analysis by discription with percentation numerial for the data observation and used the SWOT analysis by the bussines management system. That means which the factor to be choose from the basic function is ready to use. So situational target can get. Internal and external analysis factor and indicator prepared to use for give point 8 point that decided. The solving problem alternative start from the function that have readyable low until the function that readyable high. From 12 basic function, decided 8 basic function and 7 basic function not yet readyable for as arrange : 1). Personal management function, 2). Equipment and material management function, 3). Production management function, 4). Transaction management function, 5). Market planning management function, 6). Customer target function, 7). Financial management function. The efforting to increase of the quantity the new students for arrange as : 1). Give program studies professional and good service, 2). For the faculty that has one program study to develop one, 3). The factor not have readyable yet change to be the factor readyable, 4). Make a hall, testroom/laboratorium for each faculty, 5). In order prepare the function as planning product research and growth developing product and marketing research.


Back pain is one of the common health problems among health care professionals and is considered higher among nurses. To determine the prevalence of low back pain and its associated factors and how it affects daily live activities among nurses who are working in Riyadh hospitals a descriptive, correlational study was conducted in hospitals that are under the General Directorate of Health Affairs in Riyadh Region and 352 nurses participated. Data collected electronically by a developed questionnaire and Oswestry Disability Index was used. The prevalence of back pain in this sample was 79%. The disability score showed that most of the nurses had moderate to severe disabilities. Also, findings indicate a positive relationship between disability and back pain, Duration, severity. It is recommended to develop comprehensive educational programs on effective body mechanics and physical exercises to reduce back pain and evaluate its effectiveness among nurses. Also, enhance the use of aiding devices while providing care for patients.


Introduction: E. coli is one of important causes of illness in children, elderly and people with weakened immune systems in the developing countries This Bacterial Agent several illness such as sepsis, UTIs, meningitis, gastroenteritis. The most prevalent gram-negative bacilli isolated from the patients with sepsis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli blood culture sample used in hospital patients Shahid Sadoughi Yazd to achieve rapid and appropriate treatment information for patients. Methods : This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 in Yazd hospital Shahid Sadoughi. Between 6429 blood samples were evaluated by bacteriological tests of 104 samples were infected with bacteria E. coli .The antibiotic resistance E. coli strains were assessed disk diffusion method and then the data were analyzed by software spss18. Results: Among the samples that were obtained in 104 patients (1/67) and Escherichia coli by testing for microbiological and chemical isolated and then from 9 antibiotics that were used gentamicin (GM) 1/34 and meropenem (MEN) 2/69, the lowest resistance and the highest resistance ceftriaxone (CRO) 20/62 and Cefixime (CFM) 22/42. Conclusion: According to a study was conducted antibiotics in the treatment of disease caused by the E. coli, which can be used have been successfully meropenem (MEN) and gentamicin (GM)


Suppose that G = SL(n;C), SO(2n + 1;C), Sp(2n;C), or SO(2n;C), and let K be any symmetric subgroup of G (i.e., K = G for an involution of G). Let S K be a maximal torus. We use equivariant localization to determine formulas for the S-equivariant fundamental classes of closed K-orbits on the ag variety G=B. Taking such formulas as a starting point, we then outline the combinatorics of each orbit set, and indicate how divided dierence operators can be used to determine formulas for the S-equivariant fundamental classes of all remaining orbit closures.


Energy management strategy (EMS) is a key technology for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The energy management of PHEVs needs to output continuous variables such as engine torque, as well as discrete variables such as clutch engagement or disengagement. This type of problem is a mixed-integer programming problem. In addition, the hybrid powertrain system is highly nonlinear and complex. Designing an efficient EMS is a challenging task. We establish a control-oriented mathematical model for a BYD DM-i hybrid powertrain system from the perspective of mixed-integer programming. Then, an EMS based on continuous-discrete reinforcement learning is introduced, which can output both continuous and discrete variables simultaneously. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified by comparing EMS based on charge-depleting charge-sustaining (CD-CS) and Dynamic Programming (DP). The simulation results show that the reinforcement learning EMS can improve energy efficiency by 10.08% compared to the CD-CS EMS, and the fuel economy gap is about 6.4% compared with the benchmark global optimum based on DP.


This research aims to analyze the phenomenon of religious symbolism in the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, understanding why the incorporation of this as a rule of faith in the life of the believer. The references made to the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God mostly only address questions about the media, tithes and possible scandals iurdiano high clergy. However, items such as the doctrine of prosperity theology, and a liturgy filled with mysticism and magical symbols because they say that they differ in some of the shamans and medicine men of the tribes, or even the incorporation of concepts of ritual of Umbanda and Candomble Spiritualism that reportedly are condemned and criticized by the priesthood of the church. However, the symbol of the Universal Church is not seen as a mere representation of the sacred, rather it is the sacred. Faithful lay beliefs about their branch of rue anointed or the holy water of the Jordan River, as if these figures were the only way to achieve the desired blessing. Important symbols of the Christian creed as the Bible or the Eucharist, became the means of achieving something desired. The legitimacy and acceptance of the symbolic pantheon are given through the priestly discourse, as well as their own body language that is sometimes perceived in the cults. The cult is now a large theater, where the main characters are the pastor and his clientele eager for the change of life, while the true motive of worship and praise is forgotten or sometimes referred to as rewards: Jesus Christ! Key-words: Symbol, Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, faith. VII Jornada de Iniciacao Cientifica 2011


Surface quality is one of the most important criteria for establishing the optima cutting parameters needed to perform a machining process. Usually, the evaluation of the degree of the surface finishing requires to apply metrological techniques which involve times out in the production. As a consequence of this, a loss in both the economy of the process and the fiability of the tests reproducibility can be produced. In this work a relation between cutting force and surface roughness has been studied for the turning process of an Al-Cu alloy. From this relation, the surface quality of the machined samples can be evaluated by using the cutting forces values acquired during the cutting process.


The effects of oxygen partial pressure and annealing temperature on the microstructure, electrical properties, and film adhesion of Pt thin-film resistors with PtxOy as the adhesion layer were investigated. Pt/PtxOy films were deposited on alumina substrates by radio frequency sputtering and annealed in a muffle furnace at temperatures in the range of 800–1000 °C. The microstructure and chemical composition of Pt thin-film resistors were examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The experimental results show that annealing will lead to the formation of bubbles on the surface of the film, and the film prepared at 20% oxygen partial pressure has the least bubbles. The Pt thin-film resistors with a PtxOy adhesion layer sputtered with 10% oxygen partial pressure had the highest TCR (temperature coefficient of resistance) of 3434 ppm/°C, and the TCR increased with increasing annealing temperature. Repeated experiments show that Pt thin-film resistors have better stability at annealing temperatures of 800 °C and 900 °C. Comprehensively considering the TCR and stability, the optimal adhesion layer of Pt thin-film resistors was prepared at an oxygen partial pressure of 10% and an annealing temperature of 900 °C.


Notable differences in the prevalence of dental caries have been demonstrated between the children of the town of Heliconia, Colombia, and the nearby town of Don Matias (R. MEJIA, F. ESPINAL, H. VELEZ, and A. VELEZ, Bol Of Sanit Panam 66:50 1-507, 1969). The mean number of decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth per child was 5.5 in Heliconia, and 13.9 in Don Matias; the latter figure is typical of this region of South America. Gross dietary factors and other factors known to influence dental caries, including fluoride ion consumption, do not account for the lower rate of caries in Heliconia (K. J. ROTHMAN, R. L. GLASS, F. ESPINAL, and H. VELEZ, J Public Health Dent, in press). Since it has often been hypothesized that trace metals in soil influence dental caries, presumably by a dietary effect, we examined samples of soil in Heliconia and Don Matias to determine whether the level of various trace metals in soil is associated with the caries dif-


Variant Pronunciation is a special phenomenon in chinese phonetic alphabets,which brought much trouble to promote and learn chinese mandarin.Variant Pronunciation Character and Variant Pronunciation Word are different definition,and their generation derived form a good deal of reasons.To spread using common language spoken smoothly and reduce the barrier in pronouciation standardization,we should take some effective measures to lower this kind of phenomenon to the greatest extent.


The aim of this study was to assess the ancient techniques of natural dyeing to contribute to the viability of this important intangible cultural heritage. The locations where natural dyeing is still currently practiced were identified. The original techniques were used and optimized based on factors such as temperature, time, pH, mordant class and amount of plant material. 21 treatments were performed based on the methodology of the artisans and 50 treatments with variations of the most influential factors. The dyes were applied to alpaca fiber and sheep wool. 71 shades were obtained, ranging from intense yellow to pink, crimson, orange, and dark brown. The colors obtained from the application of the dye extracted from Brachyotum confertum, Junglans neotropica and Dactylopius coccus were classified as interesting tones due to the apparent intensity they pre-sented. Control tests such as the strength of color in light, manual washing and rubbing showed that the dyeing with most of the species used had satisfactory results according to the grayscale assessment to measure color change.


-1 and GA4+7 at 5-10 mgL -1 during petal- fall at 7-10 days 3 time again. All applied concentration of GA3 and GA4+7 reduced russeting in Golden Delicious cultivar significantly and significant difference was found between GA3 and GA4+7 actions. The application of GA3 or GA4+7 caused fruits to shift to elongated shape due to increase of L/D ratio. The application of GA3 or GA4+7 caused to increase the weight of Golden Delicious fruit significantly. When GA3 or GA4+7 were separately sprayed on Golden Delicious, it resulted in considerable decrease in russeting neither return bloom nor were fruit set influenced by treatment.


The patchwork of states that constituted Renaissance Italy and the shifting alliances which characterized Italian politics encouraged the exploitation of state rivalries and predatory military behaviour, including sacks and massacres of towns and cities. A deliberate strategy of terror, which may be viewed as an expression of sovereign authority, was followed by successive princes. It is also the case that a massacre might be a manifestation of calculated punishment for supposed rebellion, revenge for an affront to honour or some other injury, but also as a consequence of an army's thirst for plunder. The siege, sack, and massacre were often connected events and the process that led from one state to another was well known and shaped by precedent and the laws of war.


Time-dependent performance degradation due to transistor aging caused by mechanisms such as Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) and Hot Carrier Injection (HCI) is one of the most important reliability concerns for deep nano-scale regime VLSI circuits. Hence, aging-resilient design methodologies are necessary to address this issue in order to improve reliability, preferably with minimal impact on the area, power and performance. This work offers two major contributions to the aging-resilient circuit design methodology literature. First, it introduces a novel sensor circuit that can detect the aging of pipeline architectures by monitoring the arrival time of data signals at flip-flops. The area overhead of the proposed circuit is estimated to be less than 45% compared to that of previous approaches, which are over 95%. To ensure the accuracy of its operation, a comprehensive timing analysis is performed on the proposed circuit including the influence of process variations. As a second contribution, this work presents an innovative correction technique to reduce the probability of timing failures caused by aging. This method employs novel reconfigurable flip-flops, which operate as normal flip-flops as long as the circuit is fresh, but function as time-borrowing flip-flops once the circuit ages. This unique flip-flop design allows utilization of the advantages of the time-borrowing technique while avoiding potential race conditions that can be created by employing such a technique. It is shown via simulations that by employing the proposed design methodology, the probability of timing failures in the aged circuits can be reduced by as much as 10X for various benchmark circuits.


Introduced the fire protection design of National Super Computing Center in Shen Zhen,mainly discussed the characteristics of fire protection designing for mainframe room.According to the specific circumstances on mainframe room designing,put forward the difficulties and solutions.Along with the rapid development of national economy,there are more and more mainframe room projects.Hope this paper will do some help for this kind of projects designing.


The significance of apoptosis and its association with high‐grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) in urine cytology has yet to be determined.


The Trinity Health Fellowship Program provides an educational experience for individuals who are interested in management responsibilities in nonprofit, multi-unit health care systems and who have demonstrated the potential for high-level executive leadership in the field. The program is open to individuals holding graduate degrees in health care administration, business administration, mission services, ethics


The negative impacts of climate change are becoming increasingly clear and cities around the world are a driving force behind these problems, accounting for over 70% of all greenhouse gas emissions. In recognition of the need to act quickly, over 2300 jurisdictions, including 653 in Canada, have recently made climate emergency declarations (CEDs). Yet because most of these CEDs have only been made over the past few years, very little research has been completed focused on what cities are doing after making these decisions. Informed by a literature review on CEDs, urban governance, citizen engagement, communication and place branding strategies, we seek to advance understanding in this important area. To do so, we present a study that centered around two Decision Theatre workshops conducted with climate, energy and communication professionals (n = 12) working for or with local governments in four Canadian cities that have declared CEDs. Workshops were transcribed and analyzed via thematic analysis to identify and understand a series of solutions and challenges facing cities. The top solutions recorded were creating targets/action plans, the importance of collaboration, and sharing information with communities. The top two challenges identified were the diversity of city staff and getting the message out. The study closes with a discussion of the broader implications of this work, including recommendations for cities and calls for future research in this critical area.


Summary The optimal combination of the basic elements of the ecosystem the heredity of animals and the environment for their existence is a prerequisite for full realization of genetic potential and is environmentally safe products. Systemic effects of hereditary and morphological features of adaptation to the milk production of cows of different ecogenesis are 0,852 ± 0,012.


During the 12 th Five-Year Plan period,the promotion of the development of rural communities in the process of urbanization has become a major issue of the transformation and leaping development in the economic less-developed areas. At the end of 2011,the cultivated lands under the Litai Country's street office jurisdiction in Yangling of Shaanxi Province have all been expropriated,all the agriculture accounts have transferred to urban accounts because of the transition from"villager to city dweller". In 2011,the per capita net income of residents of the"villager to city dweller"was 9 156 yuan,while the city residents per capita disposable income was 25 999 yuan. In this article,the development status of urbanization was introduced,as well as experiences and lessons during the urbanization of countries in China,with the agroeconomics,the sociology of agriculture,agrogeography,science of agricultural zoning,and development economics as study tools,so as to provide new approaches for the urbanization of similar countries.


We present a superfluid theory of a polarized dipolar Fermi gas with an effective dipole-dipole pairing interaction. Treating each dipole as a molecule consisting of two atoms with opposite charges to each other, we show that the well-known ultraviolet divergence in the theory of dipolar Fermi superfluids can be eliminated without introducing any cutoff prescription. Using this cutoff-free superfluid theory, we discuss how the deformation of the Fermi surface coming from the anisotropic nature of the dipole-dipole interaction affects the superfluid order parameter at T = 0.


Abstract Current approaches to determining the value of insect pollinators to crop yieldassume that plants are primarily pollen limited. This is particularly relevantin a crop such as lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium , where no fruitwill set without insect-mediated cross-pollination. However, such valuationsusually ignore other factors that are necessary to maximise crop yields.We conducted an experiment to test whether yields of lowbush blueberryattributed to pollinator activity increased independently of pest management.The experiment was a 2×2 factorial design, incorporating two intensities ofpollination (25% or 100% of flowers), and two levels of insect and diseasemanagement with recommended fungicide and insecticide sprays ('full inputs'or 'no inputs'). We demonstrated an interaction between these two factors,suchthatincreasedfruitsetatharvestwasonlypossibleif100%pollinationwascombinedwiththe'fullinput'treatment.Furthermore,increasesinfruitweightamong the remaining treatments were only realised in the 'full input' plots.Theseresultssuggestthatthevalueaccordedtopollinatoractivityinblueberriesis strongly dependent upon pest and disease management of the crop.Insect pollinators play a vital role in achieving highyields in a number of crops across the world (Klein


Anchovy (Engraulis japonicus), a commercially and biologically important fish species in Korean waters, is a small pelagic fish sensitive to environmental change. Future changes in its distribution in Korean waters with significant environmental change remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the projected changes in the seasonal anchovy habitat in Korean waters in the 2050s under three representative concentration pathways (RCPs; RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5) by using a maximum entropy model (MaxEnt). The MaxEnt was constructed by anchovy presence points and five environmental variables (sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, sea surface current speed, mixed layer depth, and chlorophyll-a concentration) from 2000–2015. Future changes in the anchovy habitat in Korean waters showed variation with seasonality: in the 2050s, during winter and spring, the anchovy habitat area is projected to increase by 19.4–38.4%, while in summer and fall, the habitat area is projected to decrease by up to 19.4% compared with the historical period (2000–2015) under the three different RCPs. A substantial decline (16.5–60.8%) is expected in summer in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea—main spawning habitat. This considerable decrease in the spawning habitat may contribute to a decline in the anchovy biomass, relocation of the spawning area, and changes in the reproduction timing in Korean waters. Our findings suggest that seasonal variation of the anchovy habitat should be considered to ensure effective future management strategies for the effect of climate change on fisheries resources, particularly for environmentally sensitive species, such as anchovy.


In order to investigate the biological properties of calreticulin(CRT),a protein present in the mammalian cells with highly conservative and multiple biological properties,a short fragment of mouse CRT was amplified through RT-PCR method and then was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pDET28a(+).The recombinant protein CRT was induced by IPTG in E.coli BL21(DE3) and the expressed protein was detected by Western blotting.The purified protein was used to immune mouse to prepare polyclonal antibody and the specificity and titer of the antibody were detected by ELISA,Western blotting and FCM.It was demonstrated that the recombinant prokaryotic expression plasmid pET28a(+) /CRT was successfully constructed and the CRT protein was expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3) with high efficiency.Western blot assay showed that this recombinant protein was characterized with its antibody.Mouse immunized with the purified protein produced high titer of antibody.Western blot assay displayed that the CRT protein was highly expressed in some of eukaryotic cells and could specifically combine with the antibody.FCM assay displayed that the antibody could also specifically combine with the membrane extracellular region of CRT.It is evident that the preparation of recombinant CRT and its polyclonal antibodies have a strong specificity to match with the CRT protein from mouse and human.


Does the spirit and the sense of place
influence the quality of life of inhabitants? Is it
possible to find any relationship between the
reactionary behavior of inhabitants of the so-called
French banlieuse and the lack of the sense of the
place? The social-architectural evolution of those
quarters developed in Rome by the Institute for Social
Housing at the beginning of the 20th Century, gives us
the possible answers to the problems of nowadays
cities and to the improvement of life quality. Those
quarters, built for the working class, are considered the
best examples of urban-architectural composition of
the 20th Century; the real estate market valued those
houses like the historical centre, and the inhabitants
are extremely proud of their neighborhoods,
differently from what is happening in more recent
developments.


Wind well is a space form which can regulate the micro-climate in architecture.As an element of the distinctive plastic forms of ecology buildings,the wind well directly reveals the function of natural ventilation with its own contents.In order to avoid unappropriate application of wind well as an abstract label at will,this paper presents an analysis of the three important aspects including the working principle,form classification and the optimization of its function and so on,and then a proposal of the designing principle of wind well.


The single hydroxyl-terminated urethane acrylate oligomers were synthesized from 2-mercaptoethanol (2-MEOH), alkyl (methyl, butyl, and 2-ethylhexyl) acrylate, and 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN, initiator), with dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) as a catalyst. 2-MEOH was used as a functional chain transfer agent. Poly(alkyl urethane) acrylate oligomers were obtained by the reaction of single hydroxyl-terminated polyalkyl acrylates and 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate. They were characterized by NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, rheometer, and DSC. Because poly(alkyl urethane) acrylate oligomers have lower Tg and viscosity than hydroxyl-terminated polyalkyl acrylate oligomers (HTPAO) non-containing urethane groups, they can be used for ultraviolet (UV) curable coatings, inks, and adhesives.


In this paper, we propose an asynchronous distributed algorithm for the computation of generalized Nash equilibria in noncooperative games, where the players interact via an undirected communication graph. Specifically, we extend the paper "Asynchronous distributed algorithm for seeking generalized Nash equilibria" by Yi and Pavel: we redesign the asynchronous update rule using auxiliary variables over the nodes rather than over the edges. This key modification renders the algorithm scalable for highly interconnected games. The derived asynchronous algorithm is robust against delays in the communication and it eliminates the idle times between computations, hence modeling a more realistic interaction between players with different update frequencies. We address the problem from an operator-theoretic perspective and design the algorithm via a preconditioned forward-backward splitting. Finally, we numerically simulate the algorithm for the Cournot competition in networked markets.


Objective: Clone and Prokaryotic expression of buffalo testicles LDH-C4,Study its biological activity.Method: Total RNA was extracted from buffalo testes and was reverse transcribed RT-PCR.The full length ORF of cattle Ldhc was amplified by PCR.Ldhc gene linked with expression vector pET-32b to construct the recombinant expression plasmid pET-32b-Ldhc,and then transformed into the E.coli BL21(DE3) competent cells.The expression was induced by IPTG,and the products were analyzed by SDS-PAGE.Ni-NTA His Bind Resin affinity chromatography was used to obtain purified LDH-C4 proteins.The antibody bond ability was tested by Western blot assay.The enzyme activity of LDH-C4 was detected by isozymogram.Result:Prepared the expression plasmid pET-32b-Ldhc successful.The molecular weight of the expression products were approximately 56kDa,Purity of the LDH-C4 proteins90% after purified by Ni-NTA and renaturation,Western blot showed that the recombinant protein with a specific antibody binding activity,and the isozymogram demonstrated its biologic activity as lactate dehydrogenase.Conclusion:These results showed that we successfully prepared the testicular LDH-C4 protein of buffalo,and validated its biological activity preliminary,which will establish a basis for further developing the function of LDH-C4 and preparing immunization vaccine.


It is shown that the commutative magnetic translational symmetry of the effective Hamiltonian for a Bloch electron in a magnetic field is, in a well-defined sense, a subgroup of the translation group for zero magnetic field. Based on this group-subgroup relationship a proof is presented for the splitting of an energy band into N magnetic subbands in the framework of the effective Hamiltonian approximation


A difference histogram-based reversible data hiding algorithm was proposed for authentication and covert communications of vector maps.Each information bit was embedded by modifying the difference of two adjacent vertices.To decrease embedding distortion from difference expansion,a difference histogram-based selection scheme was introduced,which gave priority to the differences with small magnitude.Compared with current algorithms,this algorithm has better embedding rate,better quality of the output image,and more accurate capacity control capability.


Spatial competition has dealt with a single city over which firms compete. This paper extends it to a model with multiple cities. Specifically, we construct a spatial Cournot model with circular cities where consumers can choose which city to go under the spatial distribution of firms as determined by a location-quantity game. As a result, firms can agglomerate at a point even in the circular cities in equilibrium due to their ability to enhance consumer surplus at their locating city and rob more consumers of the rival city if they agglomerate to commit to the lower price. A welfare analysis shows excess agglomeration.


Competent qualified professional training is highly necessary but not sufficient. The current professional is required to be a person of integrity while being capable of maintaining a personal and ethical identity when facing changing circumstances. However, we are witnessing an early specialization in education that does violence to the formation of youth since it ignores the fact that an integral, humanistic and universal education is the most adequate way through which professional competence has to be developed. The path described by Jacques Maritain, as well as the principles included in some of his works, is valid for finding new answers to the educational problems arising in our time. This work aims to analyse the importance of training the whole person in the light of Maritain's pedagogical claims, paying particular attention to the need to ensure the development of the comprehensive unity of all dimensions of man. Therefore, we will first refer to the ontological foundations of education, second to its epistemological value, and finally we will explain the implications and educational requirements. Key words: Jacques Maritain, education, ontological foundations of education.


The western Principal Cordillera consists of thick volcanic successions accumulated in an extensional basin and deformed in Early Neogene times during tectonic inversion of the basin. In the study region, key-layers are lacking and, for this reason, geometrical reconstructions are difficult. The main structure is a N-S-oriented syncline bounded by faults. Reconstructions using the fault-propagation fold and trishear models indicate that this structure is controlled by faults, a western (WF, cut-off angle ~40-60o) and an eastern fault (EF, cut-off angle ~20o). WF, the most important one, is interpreted as an inverted normal fault associated with basin inversion, whereas EF is interpreted as a short-cut related to WF. Shortening is 2-3 km (~30%).


PURPOSE: To efficiently decompose alkyl phosphate by reacting the alkyl phosphate with hydrogen peroxide at a higher temp. than the outside and also in the presence of a transition metal catalyst such as a Cr compound. CONSTITUTION: Alkyl phosphate alone or alkyl phosphate dissolved in a hydrophobic organic solvent is reacted with the hydrogen peroxide which is gradually added to an aqueous liquid at a higher temp. than the outside under the presence of the transition metal catalyst to decompose the alkyl phosphate. More concretely an effective amount of Cr compound as a catalyst, is used and an aqueous phase of hydrogen peroxide is maintained at a specified pH range from mild acidity to mild alkality, while an alkali buffer is present in the speed and pH ranges enough to neutralize the acid generated by decomposition of the alkyl phosphate. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


Surface flows of Jupiter and Saturn are characterized by the broad prograde zonal jets around the equator and the narrow alternating zonal jets in midand high-latitudes. ``Shallow'' models can produce narrow alternating jet sin midand high-latitudes, while the equatorial jets are not necessarily prograde. On the other hand, ``deep'' models, can produce equatorial prograde flows easily, while it seems to be difficult to generate alternating jets in midand high-latitudes. Heimpel and Aurnou (2007) proposed thermal convection in rapidly rotating thin spherical shell models and show that the equatorial prograde zonal jets and alternating zonal jets in midand high-latitudes can be produced simultaneously when the Rayleigh number is sufficiently large and convection becomes active even inside the tangent cylinder. However, they assume eight-fold symmetry in the longitudinal direction and calculate fluid motion only in the one-eighth sector of the whole spherical shell. Such artificial limitation of the computational domain may influence on the structure of the global flow field. For example, zonal flows may not develop efficiently due to the sufficient upward cascade of two-dimensional turbulence, or stability of mean zonal flows may change with the domain size in the longitudinal direction. On these accounts, we performed long time numerical experiment of thermal convection in the whole thin spherical shell domain, where the experimental setup is same as that of Heimpel and Aurnou (2007). The result shows that the banded structure disappears and one broad eastward zonal jet appears in midand highlatitudes of each hemisphere, suggesting that the solution of Heimpel and Aurnou (2007) is not a statistically steady state but a transient state. However, this solution where the inverse cascade efficiently operates presumably depend on the stress free dynamical boundary condition on the inner and outer spheres. Therefore, in this study, we change the stress free condition to the no-slip condition at the inner sphere to examine effects of dynamical boundary condition on the emergence of surface banded structure. The no-slip condition at the lower boundary may be more realistic for the application of the gas giant planets, since MHD drag is thought to operate in the transition between the neutral and electrically conducting layers. We consider Boussinesq fluid in a spherical shell rotating with constant angular velocity. The non-dimensionalized governing equations consist of equations of continuity, motion, and temperature. The non-dimensional parameters appearing in the governing equations, the Prandtl number, the Ekman number, the modified Rayleigh number, and the radius ratio, are fixed to 0.1, 3x10, 0.05, and 0.85, respectively. The thermal boundary condition is fixed temperature. Free-slip condition is adopted at the top boundary, while no-slip condition is applied at the bottom boundary. The initial condition of the velocity field is state of rest and that of the temperature field is conductive state with random temperature perturbations. After time integration for about 12000 rotation period, a strong equatorial prograde surface zonal jet and weak alternating banded zonal jets emerge. In contrast to the case of free-slip condition at both boundaries, this banded structure in midand high-latitudes is maintained until about 19000 rotation periods. The reason why the banded structure does not disappear is considered to be MGI22-P09 Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2016


This study was carried out in apple orchards under conventional and organic production systems, aiming to identify differences between them, in terms of soil microbiological and chemical attributes, with multivariate canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) and canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Soil samples were collected under the canopies of 24 plants which were arranged in a 45x54 m grid, in conventional and organic orchards. Samples were collected in two seasons and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), total organic carbon (TOC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), total nitrogen (TN), MBC:TOC ratio, MBN:TN ratio, basal respiration (C-CO2), and metabolic quotient (qCO2), and soil chemical attributes determined. The canonic discriminant analysis identified MBC as the most important microbiological attribute that discriminates orchard management systems, followed by qCO2 and MBN:TN rate. The microbiological and chemical attributes related to carbon were more sensitive to the orchard management systems than attributes related to nitrogen. The canonical correlation between microbiological and chemical attributes was highly significant, with a higher contribution of MBC for microbial attributes, and of pH H2O and aluminium for chemical attributes.


Restoration of a degraded image from motion blurring is highly dependent on the estimation of the blurring kernel. Most of the existing motion deblurring techniques model the blurring kernel with a shift-invariant box filter, which holds true only if the motion among images is of uniform velocity. In this paper, we present a spectral analysis of image gradients, which leads to a better configuration for identifying the blurring kernel of more general motion types (uniform velocity motion, accelerated motion and vibration). Furthermore, we introduce a hybrid Fourier-Radon transform to estimate the parameters of the blurring kernel with improved robustness to noise over available techniques. The experiments on both simulated images and real images show that our algorithm is capable of accurately identifying the blurring kernel for a wider range of motion types.


Objective:To predict the resistance tendency of houseflies to phoxim. Methods:The houseflies were selcected with phoxim in the laboratory.The resistance level to insecticides in the housefly was measurd by topical experiment. The susceptibility of houseflies to phoxim was surveyed in the laboratory without pressure of any insecticides.The biological differences of housefly strains were studied. Results:The resistance level (RF) rose from 38 to 633 folds treated with phoxim for 8 generations in the laboratory. However, it declined from 44 to 16 folds when the selection was removed. The housefly selected with phoxim was more susceptible to tetramethrin, permethrin and cypermethrin,whose LD 50 decreased by 71.7%,54.1% and 45.1% respectively,and more resistant to acephate,EBT, fenitrotrion and deltamethrin,whose LD 50 increased by 271.0%,105.7%,66.0% and 55.0%.Meanwhile, the mortality of 24h of the housefly treated with 5% propoxur was 20% only.The outburst of low-resistant population was earlier than that of high one and the former of which pupae within first 6 days account for 50% of amounts in the whole pupa period,and that of the later account for 25% merely.Conclusion:The development of resistance to phoxim in the housefly is at high speed. On the contrary,the decline of resistance is very slow.It is improper to control houseflies continually with phoxim only. Phoxim should be alternated with tetramethrin, permethrin or cypermethrin.Chemicals should be applied in the earlier period of bursting to control low-resistant population and the methods of sustainable effect should be taken to control high-resistant population.


Some 335 sedimented samples of phytoplankton collected in 91 Spanish reservoirs (cold season of 1974–75) were counted. More than 250 species were recognized. A principal component analysis has been performed on the correlation matrix of the log-transformed densities of 41 species or groups of species, those preceded by a dash in Table 3 (Figure 1). The second component is related to mineralization (alkalinity, Figure 5), the third component to the fertility of water, and the fourth to the degree of stratification. The distribution on the plane defined by components III and IV segregates life-forms. The ordination of the reservoirs, according to their scores on the components II and III, is geographically coherent (Figures 3 and 4) and makes limnological sense (Table 3). These results can be compared with the ordination of the same reservoirs suggested before, and independently based on chemical data and on the composition of the phytoplankton collected with a net (1972–74). The agreement is satisfactory, ...


A method for in situ preparation of fluorescent AuNPs@AuNCs core/shell nanoparticles by the template of BSA coated gold nanoparticles was developed. The as-prepared AuNPs@AuNCs core/shell nanoparti...


We measured anti-Stokes fluorescence cooling (optical refrigeration) in ytterbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG). Pumping the 2.3% Yb3+:YAG crystal with 1.8 W of 1030 nm laser light produced a temperature drop of 8.9 °C from room temperature. The high thermal conductivity and ruggedness of this crystal make it an attractive material for use in optical refrigerators. Our spectral studies show that pure crystals of this material could be efficient for optical refrigeration at temperatures above ∼100 K. Photothermal deflection measurements show that our current crystals can cool at ∼250 K. Additionally, we measured optical refrigeration in a 5% Yb3+:Y2SiO5 crystal when pumped at 1050 nm.


Background: The objective of present study is to investigate the feasibility of proposed methodology in present Indian scenario, to enhance fracture repair in cases of impaired healing with the implant in situ using autologous bone marrow concentrate. During critical analysis, the existing study also aimed to assess the outcome (both objective and subjective) as well as to document complications specific to the proposed therapy if any. Materials and Methods: First the marrow is aspirated from posterior iliac crests. After that Ficoll-Paque technique of density gradient separation for the isolation of mononuclear cell populations enriched with stem cells is employed. Later, the concentrate is injected into critical-sized defects of eight patients with stable fracture delayed/nonunion via fluoroscopic guidance. New bone formation was evaluated by X-rays in two standard planes (anteroposterior (AP)/lateral). Level of statistical significance was set at a P < 0.05. Result: The critical osseous defect reached radiographic observable union by a mean of 12.28 ± 1.38 weeks. A distance of 5 mm or less between the fractures′ ends resulted in healing in seven cases (87.5%). The results of the Likert four-point scale showed that majority were very satisfied with the outcome of the procedure (Cronbach′s alpha coefficient (follow-up): 0.93 (6 week); 1.0 (1 year)). There were no adverse events reported during the procedure. Conclusion: Our preliminary results indicate that the approach proposed is feasible and effective in the management of stable (implant in situ) fracture with impaired healing. In context of its cost-effectiveness, we recommend to follow proposed methodology in present Indian scenario.


Hope bay gold deposits are located in West Kitikmeot region of Nunavut territory, Canada and consist of several world-class gold deposits including Doris North, Madrid (Naartok) and Boston, which are porphyry-type deposits situated in a greenstone belt and are currently turned into producing mines. In 2015 a large part of Hope bay field was surveyed with SkyTEM system in order to gather additional information about geology of the area. The data were severely affected by IP to such degree, that some 40% of the coverage were not suitable for interpretation. The data were further transferred to Aarhus Geophysics, ApS in order to carry out multiparametric inversion with simultaneous extraction of four Cole-Cole parameters, including improved and corrected electrical resistivity (), chargeability (m0), relaxation time () and frequency parameter (c). Introduction The gold deposits of hope bay (Figure 1) are hosted in Hope Bay volcanic belt. The deposits were found in early 90's and yield altogether 17 MT of ore with average gold content of 6 g/T. Figure 1. Location of Doris, Madrid (Naartok) and Boston gold deposits, Hope Bay area, Nunavut, Canada (this image is courtesy of TMAC resources). In 2015 a SkyTEM survey was flown over the prospect. SkyTEM data were subject to heavy IP effects. The data were initially inverted by the data provider (Auken and Christiansen, 2004), however due to severe IP effects, resulting in negative recorded voltages in data (Figure 2), the inversion was very challenging. Figure 2. Example of SkyTEM transient (high moment and low moment) affected by IP. Grey: raw transients, blue: processed transients. It became evident, that up to 40% of the data cannot be inverted using this classical 1D approach and therefore over 8000 line km of data (or the entire northern half) were further transferred to Aarhus Geophysics for inversions in IP mode (Fiandaca et al., 2012). Spatially Constrained Inversion of SkyTEM data SkyTEM data were inverted using Spatially Constrained Inversion algorithm (SCI, Viezzoli et al., 2008), modified as per Fiandaca et al. (2012) to accommodate Cole-Cole modelling. The multiparametric inversion algorithm allows to simultaneously extract four Cole-Cole parameters. Prior to the inversion, the data had to be post-processed in order to eliminate noisy data, while retaining those data, affected by IP. This procedure is thoroughly discussed in Kaminski and Viezzoli, 2017. As an example of such processing, Figure 2 is showing original transients delivered by data provider drawn in grey colour and the post-processed transients drawn in blue colour. Case studies: Hope Bay gold deposits The inversion was carried out over 20-layered model with simultaneous recovery of four Cole-Cole parameters: electrical resistivity (), chargeability (m0), relaxation time () and frequency parameter (c). Due to excessive amounts of data, the inversion had to be splt up in four tiles, with each tile not exceeding 40,000 stations. Each inversion has converged to target misfit and was compared to the original 1D inversion, carried out by the data provider (Figures 3 -5). In Figure 3 a comparison is shown between a conventional 1D inversion carried out by the data provider (left) and an SCI inversion in IP mode, carried out by Aarhus Geophysics. As it can be seen in the figure, in case with conventional inversion there are some blanks, which correspond to those areas, where negative data had to be excluded from the inversion. Such blanks compose up to 40% of the area. In general, the calculated misfit is greater in other areas, compared to the SCI inversion with IP modelling, which can be attributed to poor data fit for those data, severely affected by IP, but not showing negative voltages in transient, which had to be deleted in the conventional 1D approach. Figure 3. Comparison of inversion misfits. Left: conventional 1D inversion carried out by the data provider. Right: SCI inversion with IP modelling carried out by Aarhus Geophysics. Case studies: Hope Bay gold deposits In Figure 4 a comparison is provided between electrical conductivity distributions, as recovered by conventional 1D inversion approach, calculated by data provider (left) vs SCI multiparametric inversion approach with IP modelling provided by Aarhus Geophysics (right). In general, the SCI inversion yields better coverage, as well as more interpretable results. Some conductive structures, which are consistent with known geology can be clearly interpreted from the SCI results, as opposed to conventional 1D results, where the conductive response from structures may be either missing or severely deteriorated (Figure 5). In this figure there are three examples shown of conductive structures, which are present in the SCI Cole-Cole inversion and are either absent or deteriorated in the conventional inversion results. Figure 5 does non constitute any valid drill targets and is shown only as example of inversion quality. Inversion in IP mode has generally proven to provide more correct results in elecrical resistivity domain, including porphiry gold deposits (Kaminski et al., 2016). In addition to corrected and more complete coverage of recovered electrical conductivities, the SCI inversion yields recovery of chargeability (Figure 6), along with other Cole-Cole parameters, which may be used for more advanced interpretation, especially in complicated geologies, such as porphyry deposits in volcanic belt with resistive background (Oldenburg et al., 1997; Kaminski et al., 2016). Figure 4. Comparison of inversion results. Left: electrical conductivity at 50 m depth as recovered by conventional 1D inversion carried out by the data provider. Right: electrical conductivity at 50 m depth, as recovered by SCI inversion with IP modelling carried out by Aarhus Geophysics. Case studies: Hope Bay gold deposits Figure 5. Close-up of electrical conductivity distribution comparison around Madrid deposit. (a) Conventional 1D inversion. (b) SCI Cole-Cole inversion. Case studies: Hope Bay gold deposits Figure 6. Chargeability recovered as a result of SCI inversion in IP mode over Hope bay prospect, Nunavut. Case studies: Hope Bay gold deposits


This study investigated the association between behavioural problems and reading ability in gender contexts. Specifically, its goal is to determine to what extent of girls and boys differ in the development of reading skills and behavioural problems, and how the relationship between these variable changes based on gender perspectives. This research employed a correlational method whose purpose is to find out the relationship among multiple variables—genders, behavioural problems, and reading skills. To elicit all data of these variables, we focused on nine schools located in the capital city of West Java province, Indonesia. The participants in this research were 500 students from kindergarten to fifth grade which encompassed females (N=260) and males (N=240). The age of the participants ranges from 58 months to 11 years old and they originated from public and private schools. We used Dynamic Indicator of Basic Early Literacy (DIBELS)— which is a set of standardized and validated early literacy indicators—to measure reading skills; We employed Office Discipline Behaviour (ODB) to measure students' destructive behaviour or behavioural problems. Findings of the research revealed that reading skills and behavioural problems were significantly different for each learning levels from kindergarten to fifth grade. In addition to correlation between behavioural problems and reading skills, we found a strong correlation for them both of boys and girls. Thus, the gender differences contributed equivalent or similar to reading skills showing this variable has lack of contribution to differences of reading skills.


FIELD: biotechnology, microbiology. SUBSTANCE: method involves culturing halophilic microorganisms in the presence of encapsulated adsorbent and/or antioxidant up to the stationary growth phase in preparing the seeding material. Then in submerged culturing fresh medium is added by portions in the amount 1/3 of the final volume of cultural fluid followed by contacting cultural fluid with an encapsulated adsorbent and/or antioxidant, and additional feeding with dry or concentrated medium is carried out. The amount of dissolved oxygen is maintained at the level 5-10% of the equilibrium level. Invention provides increasing the level of accumulation of biomass, to enhance the specific content of bacteriorhodopsin in halophilic microorganisms biomass and the total yield of bacteriorhodopsin at the minimal content of carotinoids in biomass, and to reduce consumption of nutrient medium also. EFFECT: improved preparing method of biomass. 1 tbl, 10 ex


Vaughan (Sociology, Boston College) (Corresponding author email: firstname.lastname@example.com) © London School of Economics and Political Science 2005 ISSN 0007-1315 print/1468-4446 online. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148, USA on behalf of the LSE. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-4446.2005.00074.x On the relevance of ethnography for the production of public sociology and policy


Up till the middle of 1949 the Intra-European Payments Plan functioned reasonably satisfactorily. In the third quarter of 1949, however, the disequilibrium in intra-European payments increased sharply mainly because of the rapid deterioration in the position of the U.K. The period since the devaluations shows striking changes in the pattern of intra-European payments although it is still too early to say whether these changes are lasting. Under the Intra-European payments agreement two distinct types of operation are conducted. First, the balances of individual countries with other individual countries at the end of each month are reduced by compensation operations with the agent operating much in the manner of a clearing house among commercial banks. Second, a system of drawing rights was set up in advance whereby certain countries agreed to make available given amounts of their currencies to certain other countries on condition that, when they did so, they would receive grants of ERP dollars. In the third quarter of 1949, the disequilibrium in Intra-European payments increased mainly because of the rapid deterioration in the position of the United Kingdom.


Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe otolaryngologists' emotional reactions to errors and adverse events, their efforts to take responsibility, and their attempts to implement improvements.


The DEISA Consortium continues its work in the DEISA2 project with EU FP7 support from 2008 to 2011. DEISA2 focuses on the provisioning and operation of infrastructure services which allow its users to work efficiently within a distributed high performance computing environment. DEISA supports both single projects (via DECI) and Virtual Communities.


The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of period of action and levels of sodium lasalocid on total diet apparent digestibility. Experimental design used was a 4 x 4 Latin Square with repeated measures on time using four rumen cannulated cows, with average of 500 kg of body live weight. The experiment was conducted in subperiods of 42 days, divided in 28 days for data collection and 14 days for eliminating the carryover effects of treatments. Diets were formulated using Coast Cross hay (82 % neutral detergent fiber and 8% crude protein) and concentrate (8.5% soybean meal, 41% ground corn and 0.5% of mineral supplement) in a proportion of 1:1. Treatment arrangements included four different times of action (0 to 7, 8 to 14, 15 to 21 and 22 to 28 days) and four levels of sodium lasalocid per animal per day (zero, 50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg). Results showed no effects of treatments x time interaction on diet apparent digestibility. Levels of sodium lasalocid did not alter crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract apparent digestibility or the total digestible nutrients, however, dry matter digestibility was increased (8.0% to 8.3%) linearly by levels of sodium lasalocid and, a quadratic effect on non nitrogen extract was registered. Based on results obtained in this study it can be concluded that sodium lasalocid had no effects on total diet apparent digestibility (CP, CF, EE and TDN), except for DM and NNE apparent digestibility.


Around three quarters of drivers in England regularly use a GPS system to guide them on journeys yet prefer to use a smartphone or personal device for navigation and wayfinding, rather than a factory-fitted system. For car manufacturers, therefore, it is important to consider the potential for novel Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs) that are more integral to the vehicle. For the research community, there is also a fundamental desire to understand the balance required between HMIs for navigation systems as 'uncertainty minimisers' (the prevailing approach emphasising the desire for low workload/distraction) and a longer-term perspective in which engagement with the drivers' surroundings is encouraged.
This PhD, co-funded by the University of Nottingham and Jaguar Land Rover, explored the way in which drivers and passengers interact when navigating as a means of informing future HMIs. The work proposes that Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) can be created which mimic this social relationship, allowing personalised, context-sensitive, environmental information to be presented.
Four on-road studies were conducted in the Clifton area of Nottingham, UK, aiming to explore the relationships between driver workload and environmental engagement associated with 'active' and 'passive' navigation systems. In a between-subjects design, a total of 61 experienced drivers completed two experimental drives comprising the same three routes (with overlapping sections), staged one week apart. Drivers were provided with the navigational support of a commercially-available navigation device ('satnav'), an informed passenger (a stranger with expert route knowledge), a collaborative passenger (an individual with whom they had a close, personal relationship) or a novel interface employing conversational natural language NAV-NLI). The NAV-NLI was created by curating linguistic intercourse extracted from the earlier conditions, and delivering this using a Wizard-of-Oz technique. The different navigational methods were notable for their varying interactivity and the preponderance of environmental landmark information within route directions. Participants experienced the same guidance on each of the two drives to explore changes in reported and observed behaviour. Results show that participants who were more active in the navigation task (collaborative passenger or NAV-NLI) demonstrated enhanced environmental engagement (landmark recognition, route-learning and survey knowledge) allowing them to reconstruct the route more accurately post-drive, compared to drivers using more passive forms of navigational support (SatNav or informed passenger). Workload measures (TDT, NASA-TLX) indicated no differences between conditions, although objective workload dropped significantly, in the Informed and Collaborative passenger conditions, on their second final drive. Moreover, satnav users and collaborative passenger and NAV drivers reported lower subjective workload during this second drive. The research demonstrates clear benefits and potential for a navigation system employing two-way conversational language to deliver instructions. This could help support a long-term perspective in the development of spatial knowledge, enabling drivers to become less reliant on the technology and begin to re-establish associations between viewing an environmental feature and the related navigational manoeuvre.


The scope of this paper is the concept of modularity of language, which is a key to understanding the complexity of human cognitive system. The author of the paper presents various arguments in favor of the thesis that both moderate and extreme modularity-related theories allow, too much greater extent than non-modularity theories, for reconstruction and description of complex structures of the language perception and production.


Let IF q be the finite field with q elements,where q is a power of a prime.The graph γ induced by m-flats of n-dimensional affine space AG(n,IF q)over IF q is studied.In particular,the distance between any two vertices in γ is determined by means of dimension of their join,and the neighborhood of any vertex in γ is given in a explicit form.


The cladistic analysis of the genera of Labeninae by Gauld is reviewed. The tribus Brachycyrtini is removed from Labeninae. While generic relationships within Gauld's tribus are essentially unchanged, a different set of tribus relationships was found. At the generic level, Apechoneura Kriechbaumer 1 890 is synonymized with Certonotus Kriechbaumer 1 889 (n. syn.) Macrogrotea Brethes 1 9 1 6 is synonymized with Grotea Cresson 1 864 (n. syn.) and Echthropsis Brethes 1 9 1 6 maintained a s a synonym o f Grotea. The mature larva o f Labium Brulle 1 846 i s described for the first time. The Brachycyrtini are hypothesized to be the sister-group of Phygadeuontinae + Ichneumoninae, and are elevated to subfamilia rank. Within Brachycyrtinae, Habryllia Walkley 1 956 is synonymized with Brachycyrtus Kriechbaumer 1 880 (n. syn.).


Objective To investigate the effects of sleep deprivation (SD) on learning-memory and hippocampal IL-1β in Rats and the role of SB203580 intervention.Methods Male Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control,model,SB203580-treated groups.SD models were established by the modified multiple platform methods.Morphological changes were observed with light microscopy.The IL-1β expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Learning and memory function was monitored with Morris water maze.Results Compared with control group,neuronal structure was obviously damaged,the density of survival neurons decreased,the IL-1β expression increased and learning and memory function significantly decreased with time of SD in model group.Compared with model group,the density of survival neurons was increased,IL-1β expression obviously decreased,but the ability of learning and memory function enhanced in SB203580-treated group (P 0.05).Conclusions SD could increase IL-1β expression and finally result in cognition injury.However,SB203580 improved learning-memory function by attenuating IL-1β expression.


In this paper we present a statistical method for inferring historical social networks from biographical documents as well as the scholarly aims for doing so. Existing scholarship on historical social networks is scattered across an unmanageable number of disparate books and articles. A researcher interested in how persons were connected to one another in our field of study, early modern Britain (c. 1500-1700), has no global, unified resource to which to turn. Manually building such a network is infeasible, since it would need to represent thousands of nodes and tens of millions of potential edges just to include the relations among the most prominent persons of the period. Our Six Degrees of Francis Bacon project takes up recent statistical techniques and digital tools to reconstruct and visualize the early modern social network. We describe in this paper the natural language processing tools and statistical graph learning techniques that we used to extract names and infer relations from the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. We then explain the steps taken to test inferred relations against the knowledge of experts in order to improve the accuracy of the learning techniques. Our argument here is twofold: first, that the results of this process, a global visualization of Britain's early modern social network, will be useful to scholars and students of the period; second, that the pipeline we have developed can, with local modifications, be reused by other scholars to generate networks for other historical or contemporary societies from biographical documents.


The proportionality factor (p) is a parameter used for fractal root system modelling. It describes tapering along root axes and is calculated by the ratio of total cross sectional area (CSA) before and after branching. The exact point where the area of the parent branch is measured is often not defined. By measurement of the CSA adjacent to a branching point tapering without branching is not included in factor p. In this study p was measured on six tropical tree species (Clethra revoluta, Graffenrieda emarginata, Vismia tomentosa, Weinmannia loxensis, Clusia sp. and Styrax foveolaria). The measurement was conducted in three different ways, quantifying (i) tapering of roots by branching (pbranch), (ii) tapering without branching (pwithin), and (iii) total root tapering (ptotal). For five species ptotal was significantly higher than pbranch (p < 0.05). For three species pwithin contributed significantly more to ptotal than pbranch. There was only a weak correlation between p and root segment diameter. The slope of the regression line was often higher for pwithin than for pbranch. The results suggest that the exclusive use of pbranch in fractal branching models leads to an underestimation of total root system tapering and to an overestimation of total root system biomass and root length in fractal branching models. Furthermore in some species self-similarity decreases when tapering without branching is included in the proportionality factor p. This may imply that models should allow p to change with increasing


Beginning with the 1979 Shi'i Iranian revolution and the subsequent success of the Sunni mujahideen's resistance to the Soviets in the 1980s, acts of violence committed in the name of Islam have risen sharply. Increasingly, the role of martyrdom has taken a central position in violent campaigns conducted by Islamic groups. The suicide bomber has become the ideal of Islamic martyrdom, simultaneously appalling Western audiences and captivating Islamic ones. What seems to have gone unnoticed, however, is how the concept of Islamic martyrdom has undergone a transformation that blends and synthesizes notions that were once limited to one or the other of the main Muslim sects. In order to better address the challenge of Islamic violence, it is necessary to examine both the Islamic world's attachment to such behavior and to understand better how the role of the martyr has changed with the times. EVOLVING ISLAMIC MARTYRDOM Martyrdom in Islamic history has taken on a variety of shapes and relied on numerous contexts for justification and implementation. Over the last century, new strains of martyrdom have moved across the umma (the global Islamic community) from Mandatory Palestine, French Algeria, and revolutionary Iran to everywhere between Morocco and Indonesia. Evolutions in martyrdom's place within Islamic thought expose shifts within Muslims' own sense of self as well as changes in culture. In Arabic - Islam's sacred language - several words refer to variations on the concept of the martyr. Shahada, often translated as "martyrdom," literally stands for the act of "witnessing," and depending on context, it can mean the "confession of one's submission to God" or "death for God's sake." Istishhad literally refers to the act of martyrdom. Shahada then refers to incidental death during jihad (i.e., a soldier falling in battle) whereas istishhad indicates deliberate death during jihad. The former connotes a "willingness to die," the latter an explicit "eagerness to die."1 Today, shahid best describes one who dies during jihad rather than one who simply dies for Islam. In popular usage, the sha h id refers primarily to the perpetrators of suicide attacks but has expanded to include those deemed martyrs by Muslim society at large, i.e., participants in jihad who have died one way or another. Palestinian society views both the shahid and the istishhadi as martyrs who deserve the rewards of paradise.2 Indeed, Palestinians often speak about both the istishhadi (one who puts himself forward knowingly to die during jihad) and the shahid (one who incidentally attains martyrdom during jihad) as shuhada' (martyrs). These terms are embedded within a surrounding "culture of martyrdom," a phrase often applied to some contemporary Muslim societies, whether a relatively small one like that of the Palestinian Arabs or a larger, transnational one, like AI-Qaeda and its socalled affiliates, that promote self-sacrificial terrorism, including suicide bombings and other "martyrdom operations."3 The culture of martyrdom also refers to those elements such as music videos, popular poems, textbooks, rallies, memorabilia, etc., that support ideas of jihad, shahada, and istishhad, or commemorate a past shahid. Less tangible elements such as popular acceptance and praise of shahids as well as other forms of popular consent, (e.g., limited or no condemnation by authority figures) are aspects of the culture. Such a culture has roots deep in Islam's historical narrative. DIFFERENT PATHS TO MARTYRDOM One major trajectory for martyrdom's importance within the Muslim tradition derives from the Shi' i narrative that developed following the death of Muhammad's grandson Hussein in 680 CE. Hussein and his followers did not choose martyrdom at the Battle of Karbala in the manner of most other Islamic martyrs in successive generations. Nevertheless, Shi'i tradition embellishes his death with prophetic foreknowledge of the outcome. …


In this work nanowires of magnetic metals (Co,Ni and Fe) were obtained via matrix synthesis, using etched track polymer template. The new data on electrodeposition of Ni was obtained. Two effects- the growth rate decrease (while the growing metal nanowires are filling the pores) and current density increase were investigated and discussed. The results of X-rays analysis obtained using synchrotrone source demonstrated the dependence of structure and composition of nanowires on the deposition voltage. Mossbauer spectroscopy was used for investigation of Fe samples. The obtained data are in good agreement with X-rays results.


Results on the resistivity of stage-1 and stage-2 ${\mathrm{CoCl}}_{2}$ graphite intercalation compounds (GIC's) as a function of temperature (T) and magnetic field (H) are reported. The anomalies observed in the resistivity measurements at the magnetic phase transitions are explained by an interaction based on \ensuremath{\pi}-d electron coupling. The contrasts in the T and H dependences of the resistivity between the stage-1 and stage-2 compounds for T${T}_{\mathrm{cl}}$ and H${H}_{c2}$ are attributed to the different correlation lengths in the c-axis antiferromagnetic ordering. The magnitude of the interplanar antiferromagnetic coupling constant (J') in stage-1 ${\mathrm{CoCl}}_{2}$ GIC's and the \ensuremath{\pi}-d exchange coupling constant (${J}_{\ensuremath{\pi}\mathit{\ensuremath{-}}d}$) are estimated from the transport measurements. Magnetic exchange mechanisms are proposed by considering the relative contributions of the superexchange, dipole-dipole, and Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interactions. We conclude that the superexchange interaction is the dominant magnetic interplanar coupling mechanism in pristine ${\mathrm{CoCl}}_{2}$ and stage-1 ${\mathrm{CoCl}}_{2}$ GIC's, and is of comparable importance to the dipole-dipole interaction in stage-2 compounds. The dipole-dipole interaction is the dominant mechanism in higher stage GIC's (n\ensuremath{\ge}3). The RKKY interaction is always found to be negligibly small, due to the quasi-two-dimensional electronic properties of these acceptor GIC's.


Abstract: A Longnose stingray Hypanus guttatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) embryo with a major asymmetrical morphological abnormality to its pectoral fin was obtained from commercial shrimp fisher's bycatch, off the coast of the Amazon River Mouth in northern Brazil. The specimen and the deformity, which would presumably have impeded its long-term survival, are described and documented in detail. We herein provide the first report of an abnormal individual of this species for the Brazilian coast.


ABSTRACT Bacillus alveayuensis strain 24KAM51 was isolated from a marine hydrothermal vent in Milos, Greece. Its genome depicts interesting features of halotolerance and resistance to heavy metals.


This paper is paid attention to the assessment of ductile cracking limit under large-scale cyclic loading of local buckled pipe with internal pressure. The ductile cracking limit is evaluated with the "advanced two-parameter criterion" that has been proposed by author, and its applicability is first demonstrated for the pipe without internal pressure by conducting experiments and FE-analyses. On the basis of the advanced two^-parameter criterion, the effects of mechanical properties on ductile cracking limits are analyzed with focusing on a 1) work hardening and 2) Bauschinger effect of pipe steel. The pipe with higher yield-to-tensile ratio Y/T gives higher critical loading cycle, whereas the critical angle for local buckling by bending moment is smaller in the pipe with higher Y/T. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that controlling the Bauschinger effect of pipe steels could be one of the efficient methods to increase a cyclic ductile cracking resistance, even though steels have the same uniaxial stress-strain curves.


Abstract Quasi-completeness was considered in [16], where a quasi-completion was constructed for any quasi-nearness biframe. In this paper, we compare the familiar notions of compactness and total boundedness with quasi-completeness. We investigate the uniqueness of quasi-completions, using the full and balanced biframes of [17]. In the case of quasi-uniform biframes it makes sense to compare this quasi-completion with the completion of [13] and [14] – surprisingly, they need not coincide.


In this Letter, via idealized and realistic case studies, we have documented the limitations of several conventional metrics in validating Cn2 profile predictions. We have introduced the (normalized) Kantorovich metric as a viable alternative and demonstrated its prowess.


Manganese tetraphenylporphyrin as a guest molecule was intercalated in situ into the layered host material phosphatoantimonic acid. The porphyrin immobilized in the layered structure exhibits a fairly catalytic capability for the epoxidation of cyclohexene and the oxidation of n-octane by hydrogen peroxide, due to the prevention of the formation of μ-dimers.


Using nighttime light intensity data of prefecture-level cities and counties as a measure of economic development of China from 2005 to 2013, we make an attempt to explore whether underdeveloped areas can catch up with developed areas by evaluating ranking persistence of regional economy year by year. Our analysis suggests that underdeveloped areas cannot successfully catch up with developed areas during this period of time and the regional economy ranking did not change statistically significantly. Moreover, we should consider the uneven development of regional economies and the real effect of varieties of regional revitalization programs in China.JEL classification numbers: O11, R11, R58Keywords: regional economy, satellite light data, China economy


Questionnaires of extraversion, neuroticism, rigidity and extreme response set were given to 146 normals, 108 neurotics and 56 schizophrenics. It was found that rigidity and extreme positive response set, which intercorrelated significantly, were relatively independent of extraversion and neuroticism. Correlations with various performance scores were quoted to suggest that rigidity of the kind described may play an important part in the measurement of the normal personality.

Particular emphasis was placed on the relevance of rigidity to abnormality. Rigidity and extreme response set differentiated significantly between normals and both abnormal groups. Differentiation was in general as effective as with a neuroticism questionnaire. A specific effect was described showing that schizophrenics score significantly higher on positive extremes than neurotics, while the latter score significantly higher on negative extremes.


Conclusion The Mental Health Act 2001 offers a unique and valuable opportunity to bring Ireland's mental health legislation more into line with international standards, such as those outlined in the United Nations' 'Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and the Improvement of Mental Health Care.'" In order to ensure successful implementation, there are strong needs for (a) The provision of ongoing training for mental health workers and ongoing information for all stakeholders in mental health services; and (b) A careful re-consideration of the resources available for mental health services, in order to ensure both the effective implementation of this important legislation and the provision of an adequate standard of mental health care.


Objective Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a common but potentially lethal complication after pulmonary resection.Currently,there is still controversy over the appropriate management strategy for BPF,especially when pleural space contamination develops.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of surgical repair fistulas combined with pedicled muscle flaps coverage in patients with early BPF after pulmonary resection based on our experience with 23 cases.Methods The clinical data for 23 patients who underwent surgical repair of early BPF from January 1999 to December 2010 at our hospital were reviewed.Thirteen patients had undergone a prior pneumonectomy and 10 patients had undergone a prior lobectomy.BPF occurred from postoperative day 5 to40 (mean postoperative day 21 ).Nine patients had a contaminated pleural space.After BPF was clearly diagnosed,prompt closed pleural drainage was instituted,followed by surgical repair of BPF.Four patients underwent a direct suture repair of fistula,ten patients underwent stump revision and suture closure,seven patients underwent stump revision and bronchoplasty or carina plasty,and a pedicled muscle flap was sewn to the edges of the fistula in two patients.The stump was covered with various muscle flaps,including interostal muscle flap in five cases,latissimus dorsi muscle flap in ten cases,serratus anterior muscle flap in six cases,and erector spinae muscle flap in two cases.Postoperatively,the pleural space was routinely irrigated and drained.Results No intraoperative or early postoperative death occurred.Four patients developed severs complications,including respiratory failure in two cases,pulmonary embolism in one case,and empyema in one case.All four cases recovered well after treatment.The mean duration of hospitalization was 33 days (range 8 - 120 days ).Surgical repair of BPF was successful in 21 cases (91.3%) but failed for 2 patients..BPF recurrence developed in only one patient two years postoperatively due to stump recurrence.He died of extensive metastatic disease 2 years after BPF recurrence.Conclusion Excellent results can be achieved by early surgical repair combined with stump pedicled muscle flaps coverage in patients with BPF who can tolerate reoperation,even if they have a contaminaled pleural space.

Key words:
Pulmonary resection; Bronchopleural fistula; Early; Surgical repair


The electrochemical oxidation of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), a monomer for biopolymer production, caught attention as a route to renewable materials. However, this process is mostly performed in...


Author(s): Esman, Daniel | Advisor(s): Radic, Stojan | Abstract: Agile wideband radio frequency receivers capable of not only detecting a signal with high accuracy, but also processing and classifying the data simultaneously is the Holy Grail for receivers spanning applications in defense, communication, nature, and biology. Conventional radio frequency receivers perform poorly over wide bandwidths and rely on complex electrical processing, limiting the performance and requiring a large dissipation to operate. In this dissertation, a new processing and detection engine is introduced to address both the need for detecting wideband signals and processing them simultaneously. The cornerstone of the engine is the use of two optical frequency combs. The low noise tunable frequency combs allow for an unprecedented engine with agile tuning and computation free processing.The capabilities of the developed engine are demonstrated across a wide range of applications. Specifically, a subnoise communication link with the potential to solve the current radio frequency spectral drought is introduced with the core enabler being the developed engine. Next, a transient signal detector is proposed with the potential to revolutionize a variety of different fields that require accurate detection of single events. Finally, a signal classification scheme capable of taking a large spectral bandwidth and simultaneously processing the data for signal intelligence is introduced. The core engine for each of these applications is also shown to be packaged into a standard telecommunications box, paving the way for a revolutionary device that is readily implementable across a variety of fields.


This paper examines the effects of a first language (L1 ) orthographic system on second language (L2) word recognition strategies. Lexical judgment tests using Japanese kana (a syllabic script consisting of hiragana and katakana) were given to native English and native Chinese learners of Japanese. The visual familiarity and length in test words were controlled to examine the involvement of phonological or visual coding in word recognition strategies. The responses of the English and Chinese subjects were compared on the basis of observed reaction time. The results indicated that (a) Chinese subjects relied more on the visual information in L2 Japanese kana words than did English subjects and (b) English subjects utilized the phonological information in Japanese kana words more than did Chinese subjects. Accordingly, these findings demonstrate that native speakers of English and Chinese utilize different word recognition strategies due to L1 orthographic characteristics, and such L1 word recognition strategies are transferred into L2 Japanese kana word recognition.


Objective
To collect the nurses' evaluation to the professional ethics, communicating and cooperative capacity of residents from different sources in a residency institution, and to provide reference for achieving a quality homogenization.

Methods
Questionnaire survey was used. From April 2018 to April 2019, assessment of the professional ethics and communicating and cooperative capacity for 329 residents were conducted by 96 administrative nurses with "Digital Residence Training" APP in a residency institution.

Results
The proportions of the 3 indicators, "be compassionate and respect reasonable requirements of patients and their families" "be willing to listen and answer patient's questions using easy language" "dress in line with professional standards and neatly" , reflecting the professional ethics of these residents, ranked as "excellent" were 79.2%(889/1 122), 78.0%(875/1 122), and 83.9%(941/1 122), while the proportions of the 5 indicators, "respect nurse team and communicate effectively" "medical orders and medical documents are clear" "can be found when needed, respond timely to nurses report about patient's condition" "seek help timely from superior doctors and colleagues when needed" "inform nurses about the treatment and discharge plan of patients in time" , reflecting communicating and cooperative capacity, rated as "excellent" were 78.2%(877/1 122), 71.7%(804/1 122), 73.9%(829/1 122), 77.9%(874/1 122), and 71.7%(805/1 122) respectively. There was no statistically significant in scores of the professional ethics and communicating and cooperative capacity among the residents from other hospitals and graduate student, eight-year medical students and staff (P>0.05).

Conclusions
The professional ethics, communicating and cooperative capacity of residents were better as a whole. The professional ethics and communicating and cooperative capacity, which were homogeneous among residency from different sources.

Key words:
Residency training program; Nurse; Professional ethics; Communicating and cooperative capacity; Homogenization


In this study, both seasonal and spatial variations in trace metal uptake, as well as concentration of photosynthetic pigments in Silver birch ( Betula pendula Roth.) trees in five urban parks in Pancevo, Smederevo, Obrenovac and Belgrade (Serbia) affected by different anthropogenic activities were studied. The characteristics of soil were assessed in terms of texture, pH and trace element content. Concentrations of boron, strontium and zinc in both leaves and bark showed an increasing temporal trend, however, copper showed an opposite seasonal trend. A higher accumulation of trace elements was noticed in leaves compared to bark. The obtained results for photosynthetic pigments showed low sensitivity of birch to B, Cu, Sr and Zn contamination, indicating that birch tolerates pollution and climate stress by increasing the amount of pigments. Analysis of the effects on soil chemistry of trace element accumulation in plant tissues proved that soil chemistry poorly explains the variability of elements in bark (27.6 %) compared to leaves (82.99 %). Discriminant analysis showed that Belgrade and Smederevo are clearly separated from the other three sites.


There is a Chinese term for "China as it is" – guoqing. It refers to the unique historical condition of a wealthy and powerful Communist Party-governed state that lacks democratic accountable government; that allows no independent courts, security or media, and very few independent corporations or social and civic institutions; that denies universal adult political participation; and that offers no protection for the exercise of fundamental rights of freedom of speech, religion or assembly. The Communist Party governs everything and everyone, and answers to nothing but itself. It stands above the law. There is no constitutional or institutional restraint on its exercise of power. That's guoqing.


Dimethoate is an organophosphorous insecticide used to control a variety of insects in agricultural productions. The contamination of water by dimethoate and other organophosphate insecticides represents a great hazard to the humans and animals due to carcinogenic effect and other toxic effects on nerve system. To remove dimethoate contamination from water, photocatalysis has been applied as a powerful method. Powder form of some selected metal oxides such as TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and MgO were used. Photocatalytic decomposition of dimethoate at different conditions (dimethoate initial concentration, catalyst type and catalyst concentration, temperature, and presence of oxidant) was investigated in a batch reactor. Oxidants such as H2O2, K2S2O8, and (NH4)2S2O8 were used. Amongst the tested oxides, TiO2 achieved the best decomposition efficiency of dimethoate and the decomposition increased as the concentration of TiO2 increased up to 100 mg/l. Addition of H2O2 to reaction system highly enhanced the decomposition process.


Background Although the highest burden of COVID-19 mortality is in older age groups, there is considerable burden of premature mortality, including within older age groups who have died as a result of the novel disease. The aim of this work was to calculate years of life lost (YLL) to COVID-19 for countries with age and sex specific COVID-19 death data available and investigate the burden of premature mortality amongst the included countries. A secondary aim was to investigate the underestimation of YLL when using country specific life expectancies instead of global life expectancies. Methods This study calculates YLL to COVID-19 for 20 countries to investigate the burden of premature mortality and underestimation of YLL when using country specific life expectancies compared to global. Population statistics and cumulative COVID-19 death data were extracted from the National Institute for Demographic Studies' Demography of COVID-19 Deaths database. Overall YLL, YLL per 1000, cumulative YLL with age, and peak deaths per 1000 were calculated. Results USA has the highest overall YLL with 10 289 624 compared to Norway with the lowest YLL of 10 771. When taking into account population size, South Korea has the lowest YLL at 0.55 per 1000 people, with Moldova having the highest at 49.63 per 1000 people. In terms of COVID-19 deaths per 1000 people, South Korea again has the lowest (0.04), but England & Wales have the highest (2.39). The USA, Ukraine, Moldova and Romania have a larger burden of YLL in younger ages. England and Wales had the highest loss to a population category, with 5.78% of those aged 90+ dying of COVID-19. When using local life expectancy instead of global estimates, the burden of YLL was underestimated by as much as 47.9%. Conclusions This study highlights that although the higher burden of YLL is with older age groups, some countries have a high burden of YLL in younger age groups that should not be ignored. It also demonstrates that life should be valued across all age groups and geographies, and when making decisions locally, there is value in decision makers comparing local lives to globally optimal values.


Abstract We would like to bring to your readership?s attention to the drug phenindione  We came across this drug during a COVID-19 pandemic phone triage at our dental hospital  A 48-year-old was referred for the management of a right sided facial swelling related to a carious unrestorable upper right molar She had a complex medical history, including rheumatic fever, total kidney failure with regular dialysis and was anticoagulated with phenindione following a tricuspid valve replacement as she was allergic to warfarin When checked, her International Normalized Ratio (INR) was eight, likely due to untreated dental infection


Hugo Dyserinck's article "Zum Problem der 'images' und 'mirages' und ihre Untersuchung im Rahmen der Vergleichenden Literaturwissenschaft", published in 1966, led to the recognition of imagology as an autonomous discipline, rather than as a sub-discipline of comparative literature. The presented article, thus, aims at explaining how the Islamic Turkish image appears in the 16th century work of the German traveller H. Dernschwam, titled "Istanbul ve Anadolu'ya Seyahat Gunlugu".


The article deals with the issues of building a control system based on a memory-oriented architecture. The analysis of processors of various manufacturers and the analysis of existing hardware architectures of control systems was carried out. Their advantages, disadvantages, areas of application are revealed. The architecture of a memory-oriented control system is proposed: separate modules of the control system are allocated, which are expediently placed on different processors. A technique for building a CNC system based on a memory- oriented architecture has been formed, consisting of the following steps: studying the classical architecture, decomposing the system into components, selecting hardware components of the CNC system, distributing components by hardware modules, and building a communication environment based on messaging. The use of this approach makes it possible to develop high-speed control systems by distributing the computations performed over several processors.


Gently massaging a preterm baby's leg for two minutes before a heel stick to obtain blood samples is safe and helps reduce the pain response. Pain was assessed by the neonatal infant pain scale, heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation and serum cortisol concentrations measured from the blood samples. Both the pain score and the heart rate after heel stick were higher among babies who were not massaged. The other outcome measures were unaffected (Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 2006;42: 505-8).


The effects of different concentration of Cu2+ on the accumulation,distribution and activities of four main digestive enzymes in adult Sesarma dehaani were investigated.Each Cu2+ level has three groups and each group has ten crabs.In control groups,the concentrations of Cu2+ in exoskeleton,gill and hepatopancreas were 0.0052,0.0168 and 0.0351 mg/g,respectively.With the increase of the concentration of Cu2+ in water,Cu2+ level increasd significantly in all the tissues studied,especially the hepatopancreas.In the group exposed to 7.50 mg/L of Cu2+,the concentration of Cu2+ in hepatopancreas was 8.2 times as in control groups and was as 4.3 times and 2.3 times respectively as in the same Cu2+ level of exoskeleton and gill.Different concentrations of Cu2+ in water showed different inhibition on the pepsin,amylase,cellulose,and typase in hepatopancreas.High Cu2+ level all showed more inhibition on the four digestive enzymes.Typase is the most sensitive among the four digestive enzymes.When exposed to 0.01 mg/L Cu2+ level,the inhibition rate was up to 32.86%.In addition,the inhibition on typase is the most notable.The average inhibition rate was 45.85%.Therefore,we concluded that hepatopancreas was the most important target organ in Sesarma dehaani,with the increasing Cu2+ concentration in water.Moreover,the activities of its digestive enzymes can reflect the toxic effects of water-borne copper ion sensitively.


We determined whether expiratory flow influences the level of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) in a test using a bagtrap. Subjects were 14 healthy volunteers whose exhaled NO was measured through the mouth and nose at 4 different expiratory flow rates. Oral and nasal exhaled NO were measured with subjects inhaling NO free air using a bagtrap based on a chemiluminescence NO analyzer, ML9841, at a detection limit of 1 part per billion (ppb). The 4 expiratory flow rates were identified at 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 L/s. Oral exhaled NO concentrations were 36.7 (SE: +7.30) ppb at an expiratory flow of 0.05 L/s,26.7 (+5.45) at 0.1, 20.18 (+4.25) at 0.2, and 16.4 (+3.85) at 0.3. Oral exhaled NO concentrations inversely correlated with the expiratory flow rate (R=0.941) . Nasal exhaled NO concentrations were 72.6 (+8.39) at 0.05 L/s, 59.9 (+8.31) at 0.1, 39.0 (+4.49) at 0.2, and 29.1 (+4.09) at 0.3. Nasal exhaled NO concentrations had also inversely correlated with the expiratory flow rate (R=0.983). Nasal exhaled NO concentrations were significantly higher than oral at all flow rates. We-concluded that oral and nasal exhaled NO concentrations using a bagtrap were flow-dependent, and thus constant expiration (0.1 L/s) is recommended.


Occupational asthma represents 25% of cases of occupational lung disease and 5–10% of cases of asthma in adults.1

A 49-year-old woman developed rhinoconjunctivitis and bronchial asthma related with the production of goat cheese, in a cheese factory. She was in charge of the cheese production process three days a week, and she had episodes of coughing, sneezing, rhinorrea, watery eyes, wheezing and dyspnoea, for 2 years. Symptoms decreased during the cheeses packing process and disappeared during holidays and weekends, suggesting an occupational exposure. She tolerated eating goat cheese.

The patient had a normal respiratory function test (FEV1) (92%). FEV1 decreased during working days, but there was not significant fluctuation on holidays. Methacholine test was positive.

Skin prick tests (SPTs) (Bial-Aristegui, Bilbao, …


The high temperature over 35 C (heat stress) is one of the factors witch influence in general reproduction processes and specially the ovulations process. In our country these temperatures are present from June to August month. Therefore the fertility rate during these months is lower than in other periods of the year. Because of this the authors have thought to experiment the use of hormonal substances (analogue synthetic of GnRH). This study was performed on 2007-2008 during summers months. Two cows of Simmental and their crossbreed groups were made up. All the cows have the same breeding conditions. Their age is about 3-6 years old and they are 60 days after their parturition, they are also in normal healthy condition and with oestrus normal cycle. Each group was compound of 30 animals (cows) and they have been treated as below. The A experimental group (IA + GnRH), the cows of this group were inseminated and they have been treated with Fertagyl (Intervet, 0.1 ng/ml) 2.5 ml/animal, (IM). The B group of control (IA), the cows of this group have been inseminated without hormonal above. The artificial insemination of the cows was performed about 12 hours after the beginning of the oestrus. It resulted that ( for two cows groups) the rate of fertilization for the experiment group is 80% against 60% of the control group (P>0.05). As conclusion the treatment of the cows by using synthetics analogue of GnRH and at the same time the artificial insemination influences positively on their fertility.


The invention relates to a method and a device of producing hydrogen peroxide. The method comprises a hydrogenation step, an oxidization step, an extraction step, a product purifying step and a working liquid treatment step. A hydrogenation tower, a filter, a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator and a pump are arranged in the hydrogenation step, wherein the hydrogenation tower is divided into an upper tower and a lower tower which are respectively provided with two catalyst bed layers, hydrogen inlets, nitrogen inlets, working liquid inlets and discharge ports. In the hydrogenation process, hydrogen, working liquid and nitrogen enter into the hydrogenation tower and flow downward for hydrogenation to prepare a hydrogenated liquid, wherein the hydrogenation reaction temperature is 40-70 DEG C, the reaction pressure is 0.25-0.35MPa and the amount of nitrogen is 1-100% of hydrogen based on volume. According to the invention, the use level of hydrogen is reduced by introducing nitrogen into the hydrogenation tower, and hydrogen diluted is more uniform to distribute, so that the stability and controllability of the hydrogenation reaction process are improved, and the catalyst poisoning is reduced, thereby prolonging the service life of the catalyst.