Because of strongly nonlinear time-varying system of the full-bridge soft switching converter with complex working characteristics,traditional PID controllers do not have online self-tuning function and their poor control effect cannot meet the requirement for the development of process control. In order to achieve good control effect,this paper presents a fussy self-tuning control converter adopting PID parameters. In this paper,the controller is designed on the basis of the mathematical model of the converter,and is simulated through MATLAB / Simulink. The simulation results indicate that the fuzzy self-tuning control system adopting PID parameters has a smaller overshoot volume,shorter adjustment time and much better control effect than traditional PID controllers.


Simple rib fractures are the most common injuries sustained following blunt trauma chest, accounting for more than half of thoracic injuries from non-penetrating trauma. Approximately 10% of all patients admitted after blunt trauma chest have one or more rib fractures. These fractures are rarely life threatening but cause significant morbidity. Rib fractures are a significant cause of pain and disability in patients with isolated thoracic injury and in patients with associated extrathoracic injuries.


A neural architecture for compositional sentence structures is presented. The architecture solves the 'four challenges for cognitive neuroscience' described by Jackendoff (2002). Sentence structures are encoded in this neural architecture by temporarily binding word representations with structure representations in a manner that preserves sentence structure. The architecture can store different sentence structures simultaneously. Answers to specific 'who does what to whom' questions can be produced by means of a selective activation process within the architecture. The architecture can account for effects of sentence complexity. Introduction Jackendoff (2002) analyzed the difficulties given by the neural instantiation of linguistic structures ('four challenges for cognitive neuroscience'), in particular the binding problem in language and the problem of multiple instantiation (the 'problem of 2'). Figure 1 provides an illustration. A word like cat will activate the same neural structure (or 'word assembly') in The cat chases the mouse and The mouse chases the cat. This raises the question of how the multiple instantiations of cat (and mouse) are distinguished in both sentences (the problem of 2) and how cat and mouse are bound correctly to chases, without creating the incorrect bindings of cat chases cat and mouse chases mouse (the binding problem). Figure 2 illustrates a solution of these problems, in which neural 'word assemblies' are embedded in a neural architecture consisting of neural 'structure assemblies' and neural 'memory circuits' used for binding. A structure assembly consists of a 'main assembly' and a number of 'subassemblies'. Two kinds of structure assemblies are shown: verb-phrases (VPs) and noun-phrases (NPs), with agent (a) and theme (t) subassemblies. The subassemblies are connected to the main assembly by gating circuits, which can be activated when certain structural control conditions are met. During syntactic processing, word and structure assemblies are bound to one another by activating memory circuits that connect the assemblies. Figure 3 illustrates a gating circuit, consisting of a 'disinhibition' circuit that controls the activation flow between two assemblies (X,Y). X activates an inhibitory neuron ix, which blocks Y's activation. When an external control circuit activates Ix to inhibit ix, X can activate Y. A similar circuit controls Y's activation of X. Memory circuits temporarily bind assemblies. Figure 3 shows how X binds to Y (a similar circuit binds Y to X). Memory circuits are gating circuits with control given by a 'delay' assembly, which is activated when X and Y are simultaneously active (see Van der Velde 2003). As long as the delay assembly is active, due to self-sustained (reverberating) activation, activation can flow between X and Y, which temporarily binds (merges) these assemblies. N1


FIELD: chemical industry. SUBSTANCE: method of preparing catalyst for synthesis of vinyl acetate from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen-containing gas containing palladium in catalyst envelope and optionally gold, comprises impregnating carrier with aqueous solutions of water-soluble noble metal compounds, treating impregnated carrier to precipitate water-insoluble noble metal compounds, reducing water-insoluble noble metal compounds to metallic noble metal by treatment with reducing agent, washing with water and introducing promoter followed by drying. In order to precipitate water-insoluble palladium compounds and optionally gold, barium compound solution is used, and when promoter is introduced, barium salt is added. Addition of barium acetate reduces activity loss rate of envelope-type catalysts from palladium or gold. EFFECT: more efficient preparation method. 11 cl, 5 dwg, 9 ex, 1 tbl


CASE A 35 year female born and residing in Esfahan presents to the physician due to fatigue and sense of weakness. The patient refers that she has been having bilateral low back pain accompanied by throbbing bone pain in the lower extremities since 5 months ago. In past history menses is regular and 3 pregnancy followed by lactating the newborns. The patient denies use of any medication, except regular use of sunscreen. She also denies history of DM. In the physical examination: BP: 120/80 BMI: 30 Kg/M2 Cranial nerves are intact Examination of nerves system is within normal limit There is no proximal myopathy. Laboratory examination revealed: • TSH and T4 within normal limits • Serum calcium 9.5 mg/dl (8.5-10.5) • Phosphate: 3.5 mg/d (2.5-4) • Albumin: 4 g/dl • 25(OH) D: 4 ng/ml • PTH: 84 Pg/ml (8-51).


Peer-to-peer (P2P) content distribution systems suc h as file-sharing (e.g. BitTorrent), live streaming  (e.g. PPLive) and video-on-demand (e.g. Joost) syst ems have become enormously popular on today's Internet. These systems organize tens of th ousands or even millioins of participating user hosts into a randomized mesh topology, where each u ser maintains connection with a subset of other peer users, sharing the desired data. In a ty pical file-sharing scenario like BitTorrent, a larg e file is broken down into k granularity blocks. The goal is to distribute all the blocks to all the users by letting peers exchange these blocks in a decentr alized fashion. To attain this goal, each peer has to decide which neighboring peer to transmit to and which block to transmit at a given time. Distributed block scheduling and neighbor selection protocols in P2P networks have become a very active research area in recent years [1].


Composites of hydroxyapatite (HaP) and highly ordered large pore mesoporous silica molecular sieves such as, Al-SBA-15 and Al-MCM-41 (denoted as SBA-15 and MCM-41, respectively) were developed, characterized by XRD, BET, FTIR, HRTEM and NMR-MAS, and applied to fluoride retention from contaminated water. The proposed procedure by a new route to prepare the HaP/SBA-15 and HaP/MCM-41, composites generates materials with aluminum only in tetrahedral coordination, according to the 27Al NMR-MAS results. Free OH- groups of HaP nanocrystals, within the hosts, allowed high capacity fluoride retention. The activity of fluoride retention using HaP/MCM-41 or HaP/SBA-15 was 1-2 orders of magnitude greater, respectively, than with pure HaP.


The Phrase "the spirit in Prison" in 1 Peter 3:19 has generated confusion and misunderstanding in the right interpretation of the phrase among scholars. Some translate this phrase to mean disembodied souls that Jesus Christ preached to at His death, others see it as fallen angels and or demons. Against the above, this paper employed historical grammatical method of exegesis to ascertain the meaning of this phrase considering its content and context. It was discovered from the inquiry that the phrase means "people in darkness" with its implications on the theology of: suffering and Justification, death and resurrection, sin, grace, baptism and ascension of Christians. DOI : 10.7176/RHSS/9-12-04 Publication date :June 30 th 2019


An interactive TV agency service method for providing real-life information and an apparatus therefor are provided to acquire real-life information updated on a web in real time and expand the acquired information to various region when necessary by performing operation for which a user wishes through an interactive interface including a voice, a remote controller, and a text input and providing a corresponding suitable response. A dialogue sentence analyzing unit(20) analyzes an input sentence received from a user. A dialogue management unit(30) analyzes the request of the user by using the analyzed result of the dialogue sentence analyzing unit. When a real-time information update is requested from the dialogue management unit, a real-time automatic knowledge constructing unit(70) extracts daily life information updated on a web in real time and stores the extracted information in a daily information database. A response generating unit(40) generates a response for the request of the user analyzed in the dialogue management unit and provides the response to the user. When it is impossible to respond to the request of the user or an error is generated in the response for the request of the user, an exception processing unit(80) recovers a system to allow the user to cancel the request of the user.


To examine the prevalence and pattern of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in pediatric patients This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics LRH Peshawar from Jan 2020 to July 2020 and included 50 pediatric patients newly born to 16 years old with HIE. All patients had MRIs. HIE, damage pattern, and affected regions were evaluated on the MRI. The overall prevalence of HIE was 28%. Mild to moderate HIE was the most prevalent pattern, accounting for 19% of the cases. The most common pattern of injury was global (14%), followed by focal (12%) and multifocal (2%). The most affected areas were the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cortical white matter. The results showed that HIE was 28%, with the majority of cases being moderate to mild. The most common pattern of injury was global, followed by focal and multifocal.


The research chose the Populus forest ecosystem in the reaches of Yangtze River in Anqing,Anhui province as research object,and monitored the CO2,H2O,temperature,moisture,PAR,and so on by eddy-covariance.The data of regulated change and process of diurnal carbon flux of forest ecosystem were obtained.In daytime,the ecosystem began to absorb CO2 at about 7:30 am,and reached to the Max.at about 13:30,then went down slowly, and at about 17:30,the ecosystem began to release CO2.The value of carbon sink or source varied owing to different season and forest ecosystem.The paper also analyzed the relationships of carbon flux of forest ecosystem and environmental factors.The results are as follows:(1) When the PAR1 μmol·m-2·s-1,the relationship of carbon flux and PAR was different in different range of temperature.(2) Average air temperature and carbon flux at night had linear relationship,namely when the air temperature arose,the carbon flux at night augmented.The night-time CO2 flux and soil temperature in 5 cm depth had exponential correlation.(3) The monthly average carbon flux of night-time and soil heat flux in 2 cm depth had the relationship of exponential correlation.


In the past decades we have seen the introduction of shallow reflection seismic investigation techniques for application in engineering projects. Although some papers report the use of Shearwave techniques for engineering purposes (e.g. Suyama et al, 1987), the P-wave method has obviously been more attractive. P-wave seismics, however, suffer from a number of fundamental problems that cannot easily be solved: • the P-wave method only indirectly (through AVO) addresses the shear-strength of the soils whereas this parameter is usually of major interest in engineering projects; • within the depth-range of interest (< 50 m) the P-wave method is relatively insensitive to changes in lithology that are significant from an engineering point of view; • within the depth range of interest the P-wave data can be 'blurred' by weathering layer effects (multiples, attenuation, etc.) thus limiting recognition and interpretation of deeper information.


Objective: To compare the axial loading strength of interfragmentary fixation by two 2-mm mini-fragment screws with the traditional 3.5-mm small-fragment interfragmentary screw in oblique fractures of the distal fibula (44-B type). Methods: Fourteen ankle models made of plastic bone were divided into two groups: in Group A, seven models were submitted to fracture fixation by two 2-mm mini-fragment screws; in Group B, seven models were submitted to fracture fixation by one 3.5-mm small-fragment screw. Each sample was submitted to a resistance essay of static compression loading with a proper equipment (EMIC DL 10000 model) at the rate of 5 mm per minute; loading (in Newtons) versus displacement (in mm) was monitored until strength was lost. Results: The comparison between fixation types regarding maximal loading revealed no statistically significant difference between types (t=1.03; gl=12; p=0.326), even though the Group A presented higher resistance to maximum loading than the Group B. Conclusion: The results of this study in sawbones have demonstrated that the use of two mini-fragment screws for interfragmentary stabilization do not pose any biomechanical disadvantage on axial loading as compared to the recommended by AO/ASIF fixation technique that comprises a single, small fragment screw.


The energy consumption of thermal power in our country is higher than that in the developed country, which means there exists a big potential to reduce energy consumption. On the bases of energy-loss analysis and performance assessing, new online system of energy consumption evaluation and performance assessing was developed to realize the target of low energy consumption operation, by means of overall energy consumption evaluation, energy consumption point analysis and performance assessing, etc. The architecture and function of system was introduced. The method of energy consumption evaluation was analyzed. The development of system was accomplished in Windows environments. The system has been used in a plant to give a trials. The result shows that it can save the energy in power supply obviously.


Research has shown that performances of biometric identification systems can be enhanced with multi-modal fusion. Incorporating prescreening and filtering feature vector files stored in repositories are necessary steps to realize required speed performances. We propose the application of a fuzzy fusion filter to the prescreening stages of a multi-modal identification system to enhance the throughput and reliability of the overall system. This paper evaluates the design and performances of a generic fuzzy fusion filter.


implication of this, discussed by S. W. Manning 'The Eruption of Thera: Date and Implications', is that the date of the LMla period must itself be moved back to the 17th century B.C. On the other side of the controversy M. R. Popham in 'Pottery Styles and Chronology' adopts a subjective approach in establishing the number of generations of potters to each pottery phase and concludes that he can go no earlier than 1480 B.C. In a straw poll at the end of the session, to determine support for the higher or lower chronology, the majority wisely chose to abstain and to defer a decision until the fourth congress. As with the fabric of the Congress Hall itself, so with the production of these three volumes, one feels that little expense has been spared, from paper quality to the elegance of the dust-jackets. Typographical errors are few, presentation of text and the profusion of plates, figures and tables is admirably clear. The volumes are not cheap but, by present standards, they represent outstanding value. They are to be welcomed not just as a vital research tool for those with a professional interest in the Aegean Bronze Age, but also as a highly attractive source for the increasing band of amateur Therologists.


Calcium phosphate cements are widely used in hard tissue repair because of their moldability and in-situ self-hardening ability to form hydroxyapatite. The aim of our study was to test the ability of pectin microspheres to be incorporated into a calcium phosphate cement, to characterize the resulting composites and evaluate their potentiality as drug delivery systems.


Water shortage or scarcity is becoming a major concern for many nations across the world. The situation is worsened by rapid urbanization and population growth in developing countries, thus increase competition for water used for irrigated agriculture. Various efforts have been made by the authorities in the developing countries to provide sufficient water and improve the quality of water resources. Yet, there are still many developing countries facing shortages of water for domestic and agricultural purposes, especially during the dry months of the year. Libya is one of the Northern African countries that have been experiencing water shortages especially in urban areas. This paper aims to identify the current situation and constraints of water resources management in Libya. The latter part is devoted to the solutions and recommendations at individual, community, state and government levels that can help solving the water problems in Libya. A number of previous studies on the water resources management and challenges perceived by both developed and developing countries were critically reviewed. It was found that water scarcity in developing countries is expected to be worsen as their population are expected to increase gradually year by year and it can be summarized from the reviewed previous studies that lack of government planning, industrial and human wastes along with government intervention and mismanaging water resources are some of the critical constraints towards achieving sustainable management in most of the countries including Libya. Potential solutions such as improving supply demand and good quality management of water resources must be taken into consideration. In addition, active participation from the local residents by enhancing awareness amongst them would be one of the supportive strategies to minimize the constraints. Sustainable economic and environmental management together with efficient use of water is required to conserve our clean water supply.


ABSTRACT The dependence of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender) leaf unfolding and expansion on light has been explored in intact and excised plants by varying the duration and timing of exposure to white light. Plants were grown for 10 days in dim red light (RL), and then some were excised. Both the intact and the excised plants were then exposed to varying white light (WL) treatments. In continuous WL, leaf unfolding began after 8 h, and was maximal after 36 h. For plants exposed to short WL treatments, as little as 2 h WL elicited partial unfolding when leaves were returned to RL and measured after 60 h. The relative rate of leaf elongation was most rapid during the first 2 h of WL and it rapidly decreased during the following 6–8 h. An 8 h exposure to WL followed by 52 h RL produced only a slightly lower leaf expansion than continuous WL for 32 h. Leaf elongation after 24 h constant WL irradiance was no longer light-dependent. The response of leaves on excised plants to WL was progressively less...


The information obtained from 2D J-resolved and 2D spin-echo-correlated spectroscopy at 500 MHz allows the complete assignment of the 1H n.m.r. spectrum of norethisterone. In turn, the 1H n.m.r. assignment readily leads to the assignment of the 13C n.m.r. spectrum of this compound by means of a two-dimensional hetero-shift correlation experiment.


I analyze expatriation as an experience lived by Brazilians while constructing their careers. The aim of this work is to examine if the approaches developed by the research that analyzes expatriation of professionals from multinational companies in developed countries to their branches in emergent countries may help us understand this experience. Initially, I present the criticism to the adjustment approach, which is the predominant approach in the studies of strategic international human resource management. Afterwards, I seek for theoretical support in studies dealing with expatriation as a multifaceted experience of constructing international careers. The data were collected in two steps: the research of secondary data with content analysis of testimonies by expatriated professionals from a business magazine; and analysis of the primary data collected in interviews with executives who had lived this experience. The results of the research show different dimensions of expatriation: personal, familiar, professional, and contextual. They also show that this experience is a stage in career transition. Additionally, the research into international human resource management ignores specific aspects related to management of expatriated workers from emergent countries to developed ones.


This paper investigates the temporal behaviour of open-circuit bright photovoltaic spatial solitons by using numerical techniques. It shows that when the intensity ratio of the soliton, the ratio between the soliton peak intensity and the dark irradiance, is small, the quasi-steady-state soliton width decreases monotonically with the increase of τ, where τ is the parameter correlated with the time, that when the intensity ratio of the soliton is big, the quasi-steady-state soliton width decreases with the increase of τ and then increases with τ, and that the formation time of the steady-state solitons is not correlated with the intensity ratio of the soliton. It finds that the local nonlinear effect increases with the photovoltaic field, which behaves as that the width of soliton beams is small and the self-focusing quasi-period is short. On the other hand, we also discuss that both the time and the temperature have an effect on the beam bending.


Current mobile phones and web cameras are equipped with low-budget digital cameras and very poor optics. Consequently, images acquired by such cameras are deteriorated by noise and blur, and have effective resolution lower than the number of pixels. Recovering a noise-free, sharp and high-resolution image from a single input image is a heavily ill-posed problem. We propose a novel algorithm which takes a set of acquired images from low-budget cameras and performs simultaneously three tasks: registration, denoising, deblurring and resolution enhancement. The amount of each depends on the characteristics of the input set. In order to achieve all tasks in one framework, we formulate the image restoration as an energy minimization problem. A special attention is paid to implementation, so that a fast algorithm is achieved. We demonstrate performance of the proposed algorithm on a system, which comprises a camera in a mobile phone (or web camera) and a PC. The mobile acquires images, connects to the PC via wireless network, sends the images and shows the output after it is calculated on the PC.


Recently the interest in permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) operating at high speed has grown. However, a lot of design and operation questions remain unanswered. This work aims at studying the effect of the number of pole pairs, the number of slots per pole per phase and the coil throw on the torque and the torque ripple in high-speed PMSMs. High-speed machines are often equipped with a shielding cylinder, i.e. a conductive sleeve wrapped around the magnets. The study is therefore performed using a 2D analytical subdomain model that accounts for slotting and the eddy-current reaction field. The classical torque component and the torque due to interaction with the eddy-currents in the shielding cylinder are regarded separately.


The market economy refers to the implicit presence of a banking system which could ensure the mobilization of all the monetary resources of the respective economy and their temporary orientation towards the development of efficient economic activities. The financial risks originate in the impossibility of foreseeing the evolution of the varation of the financial and banking risks. When employing their resources, the banks are confronted with a series of risks determined either by the quality of the organization providing the loan or by the general economic evolution or by the general structure of the bank. For those banks operating in Romania, the risks are even more evident due to the hostile environment in which they operate, but also due to the specificity of the Romanian banking system which is still evolving and adapting to the competitive stringencies of the market economy.


This chapter presents an introduction to the competitive analysis of online algorithms. In an online problem, data is supplied to the algorithm incrementally, one unit at a time. The online algorithm must also produce the output incrementally: after seeing t units of input, it must output the t th unit of output. Since decisions about the output are made with incomplete knowledge about the entire input, an online algorithm often can not produce an optimal solution. Such an algorithm can only hope to approximate the performance of the optimal algorithm that sees all the inputs in advance. An online algorithm is said to be competitive if its performance is close to that of the optimal ooine algorithm on each input. We introduce the basic principles underlying the design and analysis of online algorithms and illustrate these ideas with results for three diierent problems: paging, metrical task systems and the k-server problem. We then give detailed descriptions of two recent results. The rst is the analysis of the work-function algorithm for the k-server problem ((KP94b]), and the second is the exponential function technique for virtual circuit routing ((AAF + 93]). Finally, we discuss new directions in the analysis of online algorithms intended to overcome some of the shortcomings of traditional competitive analysis.


High-quality nanowires of germanium telluride (GeTe), a one-dimensional chalcogenide phase-change nanostructure, were synthesized via thermal evaporation method under vapor−liquid−solid mechanism. The physical morphology, chemical composition, and crystal structure of the as-synthesized GeTe nanowires were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. Through real-time TEM imaging of nanowire sample heated in an incrementally controllable heating system, the melting point of a single crystalline GeTe nanowire (∼40−80 nm diameter) is found to be significantly lower than that of its bulk counterpart (46% reduction, from 725 to 390 °C). The significant reduction in melting point makes one-dimensional phase-change chalcogenide nanowire a potential material for application in low-power high-density resistive switching nonvolatile data storage in which the thermal energy for mat...


Vector vortex beams are a class of optical beams with singularities in their space-variant polarization. Vector vortex beam lasers have applications in many areas including imaging and communication, where vertical-cavity lasers emitting Gaussian beams have been most widely used so far. Generation of vector vortex beams from vertical-cavity lasers has required external control or modulation. Here, by utilizing a polarization-selective subwavelength grating as one of the reflectors in a vertical semiconductor microcavity, we design the spin textures of the polariton mode and demonstrate polariton lasing in a single-mode, radially polarized vector vortex beam. Polarization and phase distributions of the emission are characterized by polarization-resolved imaging and interferometry. This method of vector vortex laser beam generation allows low threshold power, stable single-mode operation, scalability, and on-chip integration, all of which are important for applications in imaging and communication.


Abstract Callipenthalodes gen. nov. is described from New Zealand to accommodate a single species, C. pennyae sp. nov., specimens of which were collected from moss on Nothofagus logs. The genus differs from other genera of Penthalodidae in having numerous smooth setaeon the body, more than 30 setae on the prodorsum, ventral anus, and erect tarsal solenidia.


Optically active poly(L-phenyllactic acid) (Ph-PLLA), poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), and poly(L-phenyllactic acid-co-L-lactic acid) with weight-average molecular weight exceeding 6 × 103 g mol−1 were successfully synthesized by acid catalyzed direct polycondensation of L-phenyllactic acid and/or L-lactic acid in the presence of 2.5–10 wt % of p-toluenesulfonic acid. Their physical properties and crystallization behavior were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and polarimetry. The absolute value of specific optical rotation ([α]) for Ph-PLLA (−38 deg dm−1 g−1 cm3) was much lower than that of [α] for PLLA (−150 deg dm−1 g−1 cm3), suggesting that the helical nature was reduced by incorporation of bulky phenyl group. PLLA was crystallizable during solvent evaporation, heating from room temperature, and cooling from the melt. Incorporation of a very low content of bulky phenyllactyl units even at 4 mol % suppressed the crystallization of L-lactyl unit sequences during heating and cooling, though the copolymers were crystallizable for L-phenylactyl units up to 6 mol % during solvent evaporation. The activation energy of thermal degradation (ΔEtd) for Ph-PLLA (200 kJ mol−1) was higher than that for PLLA (158 kJ mol−1). The ΔEtd for the copolymers increased with an increase in L-phenyllactyl unit content. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008


Both cases presented here involved an anterior extraction. Such cases can be very frustrating for both dentist and patient but success can be attained through good communication, attention to all details, and expert periodontic and laboratory support.


A metamaterial is defined as an artificial composite that are usually synthesized from natural materials with different geometric shapes in a host environment. negative index of refraction makes metamaterial important and gives unique properties to the metamaterial. In this paper, a metamaterial filter based on a hybrid structure consisting of a gold plate with unique arrays of holes in the presence of a Si substrate at a wavelength of 550 nm to 900 nm. An attempt is made to achieve the minimum amount of FWHM by varying of the structural parameters, such as: thickness of the gold, diameter of the metal nanopores. Our results for optimum Structure Obtain 15nm for layer of gold with a thickness of 50 nm and100nm for nanopores diameter.


JOURNEY TO WORK COST DATA WERE OBTAINED IN TWO NATIONAL SAMPLE SURVEYS IN METROPOLITAN AREAS IN 1963 AND 1965. QUESTIONS COVERED COST OF MEANS USED AND MEANS AVAILABLE BUT NOT USED. RESULTS SHOWED PEOPLE ARE WELL AWARE OF CASH COSTS, SUCH AS PARKING FEES AND PUBLIC TRANSIT FARES, BUT THEY WERE GENERALLY UNAWARE OF FUEL COSTS FOR CAR TRANSPORTATION. TO ESTIMATE THE COST OF THE JOURNEY TO WORK BY CAR, HOWEVER, REQUIRES AN ALLOCATION OF COSTS TO THE PURPOSE. THOSE SURVEYED GENERALLY HAD NOT MADE SUCH ESTIMATES, OR, IF THEY HAD, THEY DID NOT ESTIMATE DEPRECIATION. BUT DEPRECIATION ESTIMATES WERE NOT RATED VITAL SINCE MOST CARS USED FOR THE JOURNEY TO WORK WOULD BE KEPT EVEN IF NOT USED FOR THIS TRIP.


This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of loop antenna in gauging level of salinity of water via electromagnetic wave reflection. High salinity cause adverse effect to environment. When high levels salinity of water diffuse into soil, it declines values of land for human and animal consumption. These impacts can cause tremendous monetary lost because the restoration of impairments is extremely costly. Therefore, a reliable salinity detection system of water source is crucial. In this work, reflection measurement was conducted using loop antenna in conjunction with network analyser for water salinity detection. Dielectric probe will be then used for dielectric characterization due to different water salinity. It comes to learn that the different level of salinity of water exhibit different dielectric properties through reflection measurement. The increment of salinity leads to increment and decrement of dielectric constant and loss factor, respectively. Similar observation can be found in reflection coefficient.


The invention relates to an ultra-thin semiconductor package device to a lead frame (110) includes a die pad (112), terminal conductors (116) and connecting strips (114), one attached to an attachment portion of the die pad semiconductor chip (120a, 120b) and a package body ( 126) and to a manufacturing method thereof and an electronic component. DOLLAR A According to the invention, the chip mounting part (112a) formed with a smaller thickness than an inner, encapsulated portion (116a) of the connecting conductors. DOLLAR A use z. As for semiconductor memory chip packages.


Ipomoea aequisepala Domin, a northern Australian species previously confused with Operculina turpethum (L.) S. Manso, is transferred to Operculina and the necessary recombination effected. The forthcoming publication of the 'Flora of Central Australia' necessitates the publication of a new combination for a species of Operculina (Convolvulaceae) recognised by the present author. Operculina aequisepala (Domin) R.W. Johnson, comb. nov. Basionym: lpomoea aequisepala Domin, Biblioth. Bot. 89:535(1928). Type: Nord west-Queensland: Grasflächen der Rolling Downs zwischen Richmond und Cloncurry (Domin 11.1910) (holotype: not found). The holotype of this species has not been located following searches in a number of likely European herbaria. Most of the holotypes of species of Convolvulaceae designated by Domin in 'Bibliotheca Botanica' are held in the National Museum of Prague. The original description is very detailed and adequately and fairly 'precisely describes this widespread endemic taxon from semi-arid northern Australia, previously included under Operculina turpethum (L.) S. Manso in most herbaria. The latter species is restricted to coastal areas of far northern and eastern Australia. The only point of dispute in Domin's description is his statement that it is a perennial with a tuberous root. From a study of herbarium specimens and living plants it is almost certainly an annual with a tap root. Because it possesses smooth pollen and its capsule has an operculum it belongs to the genus Operculina. The operculum is quite small, 6-9 mm in diameter, compared with other members of the genus in Australia. It can be distinguished from O. turpethum in having a smaller corolla, less than 3 cm long, and ± glabrous sepals.


This article examines trends that are impacting democratic rationality. It is found that the trends are almost uniformly negative. Viewed from within the legislative branch, trends are negatively impacting legislators' time, complexifying problems, constraining options, and limiting the evaluation of options. Trends external to the legislative branch are reducing citizen participation and knowledge about public affairs, skewing the balance of power among the branches and states, and decreasing accountability of public officials. In combination, democratic rationality, the process of making good, efficient, and timely decisions to promote higher quality of life and the public good, is seriously threatened. Recommendations include public financing of campaigns, more structured legislative decision-making processes, simplification tests for all new legislation and regulations, and a major new initiative to foster public involvement in public decision making.


1An embedded robotic platform may give us a real time perception of the monitored environment. In an embedded network the bandwidth limitation is a big issue. The information deliverance systems like cameras and other visual devices will use all of the limited bandwidth that is available in the embedded network. In this paper for transmitting the information the data from the camera is split according to its priority and then transmitted via the same channel with information priority. a software on the receiver end will convert the information back to its designated format. In this paper the information priority is for license plate in case of a parking lot surveying robot and facial recognition for a premises surveying robot. The license plate recognition is done by Vertical and horizontal edge detection, vertical edge license plate recognition and Optical character recognition. The face detection technique is by simple Eigen face recognition. By segmenting the information for its relevance, the image could be sent over an IEEE 802.15.4 network which has only 250 kbps of maximum data rate.


It has been known that as a result of diabetes several diseases occur in organisms such as parasitic infection. This gives rise to inflammatory conditions associated with mast cells. For the purpose of observing mucosal cells in bladder tissue, streptozotocin diabetic rat bladders were examined with light and electron microscope. A microscopic study of serial sections revealed numerous mast cells in transitional epithelium and lamina propria of bladder mucosa. Mast cells seem to migrate from blood vessels through the transitional epithelium and the lamina propria. Mast cell population found in epithelial layer and lamina propria were observed to differ in characteristics as ultrastructural features. Intraepithelial mast cell cytoplasm were full of granules including both electron dense and lucent material however, mast cells in lamina propria with thin pseudopodia were observed in the process of degranulation. Eosinophil cells beside mast cells were observed in connective tissue of mucosa. These cells were full of electron dense granules in their cytoplasm. Cell interaction between eosinophil and macrophage was evident. Accumulation of mast and eosinophil cells in mucosa and also the cell and tissue interactions could be associated with diabetes and used as a criteria for the evaluation of parasitic (Trichosomoides crassicauda) bladder.


The evaporation of primordial black holes (PBH) with masses ranging from ~ 10-1 to ~ 109 g could have generated the whole observed dark matter (DM) relic density. It is typically assumed that after being produced, its abundance freezes and remains constant. However, thermalization and number-changing processes in the dark sector can have a strong impact, in particular enhancing the DM population by several orders of magnitude. Here we estimate the boost from general arguments such as the conservation of energy and entropy, independently from the underlying particle physics details of the dark sector. Two main consequences can be highlighted: i) As the DM abundance is increased, a smaller initial energy density of PBHs is required. ii) Thermalization in the dark sector decreases the mean DM kinetic energy, relaxing the bound from structure formation and hence, allowing light DM with mass in the keV ballpark.


— This article presents a feasibility study to use home automation as a tool to manage and reduce household electricity cost. It is a result obtained after checking different academic's research articles about domotics and the perception that there is a gap when it is related with home automation systems that perform the management of energy resources. To many academic's researches talk about the comfort provided by home automation, but a few about managing and optimizing the use of energy resources. At the end, some points and suggestions for future research are raised to complement this article.


Abstract. One endeavour central to the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA)
mandate is compiling the international state of knowledge (SoK), supporting
transfer of knowledge and establishing high level guidance for all peaceful
applications of nuclear technologies, including those specific to radioactive waste management (RWM). Building on the current state of experiences and knowledge shared with us from IAEA Member States, we are developing a comprehensive suite of documents on the technologies and solutions having the potential to address RWM needs and steps. This information can be used as a baseline to guide RWM in other countries. In a first approach, the information is compiled and developed in a sequence of documents covering a range of topical domains. These include:
 RW: inventory; characterization; use of waste acceptance criteria throughout all RWM steps. RWM steps: a series of handbooks presenting approaches to waste treatment, conditioning and storage; special applications supporting small inventory management needs (e.g. through mobile facilities); considerations specific to management needs of postaccident radioactive waste. Endpoints: introduction to design approaches and disposal concepts; managing site investigations; global compendium of Underground Research Facilities (URF) RD&D; special considerations for small inventory disposal. Programmatic considerations: a generic roadmap to deep geologic repository (DGR) implementation; cost estimation and funding of a disposal programme; stakeholder involvement in disposal. To improve on efficiency and to prove our capacity to compile and transfer an evolving state of knowledge on topics relevant to RWM, the IAEA is building a collection of online interactive contents based on these publications. This online interactive content ultimately aims at containing all our key guidance topics and is intended to provide easier and more rapid access to detailed information. The format would also allow its content to be expanded with descriptions and analyses of topical case studies.


Summary The annual consumption and assimilation rates of Quercus ilex leaf litter by the millipede Glomeris marginata were estimated under Mediterranean conditions simulated in the laboratory. Measurements were made on six occasions throughout the year to take into account seasonal variations in (i) the quality of decomposing leaves, (ii) the physiological state of the animals, and (iii) temperature plus photoperiod. The mean weight-specific consumption rate was 14 g (dry weight) g−1 (live weight) y−1, which is much higher than published figures for Mediterranean oak leaf litter. The consumption rate was highest in spring (51 mg g−1 d−1) and lowest in summer (28 mg g−1 d−1), the summer consumption rate being even lower when determined with air-dried leaves (17 mg g−1 d−1). Assimilation efficiency averaged 6% for the year, with a maximum in spring (9%) and a minimum in winter (1%). A much higher assimilation efficiency (29%) was measured with freshly fallen leaves, but a food preference experiment showed that these leaves were generally avoided and that G. marginata preferred more decomposed leaves despite their lower digestibility. It is concluded that these saprophagous macroarthropods – with field biomasses of 7–11 g (live weight) m−2 – produce considerable amounts of faecal pellets in Mediterranean oak forests.


The invention relates to a device (1) for producing three-dimensional objects (2) from strand-shaped filaments (101, 102, 103) having a three-dimensionally movable in the room pressure head (4) of the build material (201) prints. Here, the print head (4) at least two filaments (101, 102, 103) supplied with different properties with respect to color and / or material, wherein the printhead (4) comprises a material inlet (7) and a material outlet (9), wherein the filaments (101, 102, 103) are located and the material inlet (7) in a solid state wherein the build material (201) located at the material outlet (9) in a melted state, wherein the print head (4) prior to its material outlet (9 ) a mixing device (8) for blending the filaments (101, 102, comprising 103) and wherein the filaments (101, 102, 103) (of a metering device 10) of the mixing device (8) supplied to the extent to which this is to generating a color and / or mechanical properties of the printing from the material outlet (9) exiting the build material (201) is required.


Consultant ear, nose, and throat surgeon St James's and Seacroft University Hospitals 1968-93 (b Dudni, India, 1928; q Bombay, 1954; DLO, FRCS Ed), died from metastatic carcinoma on 22 February 2001.

After qualifying he worked in villages in Karnataka and at Christian Medical College, Vellore, coming to England in 1959 as a postgraduate. Having trained in High Wycombe, Warrington, Liverpool, and Barnsley, he was appointed ENT senior registrar at Leeds General Infirmary in 1965. Though small in stature, Arun had a huge personality. A great communicator, he possessed the rare gift of a photographic memory for names and faces. In retirement he devoted his energies to travelling and to learning French. He had a passion for fast cars and he loved his pet dogs. He leaves a wife, Vimal; two children; and four grandchildren.


Objective:To evaluate the safety of the granisetron hydrochloride(Gran) made by Huakang Pharmacy Company Limited and its preventive effect of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.Methods:In three hospitals,69 patients treated with chemotherapeutic regimens including high dose cisplatin(more than 70mg/m 2)and 39 patients treated with chemotherapeutic regimens as anthracycline anticancer drugs were randomized and self-crossed over to receive 3mg of Gran intravenously(i.v) once a day,or 8mg of ondansetron(Onda) i.v.twice a day.Results:The preventive effects of Gran and Onda on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting were similar.Their side-effects were similar,too;constipation,fatigue and headache were frequent,but mild.Conclusion:Gran made in China is effective and safe for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.


Abstract. To remove noise from infrared thermal images captured in underground mining working face under low luminance and dusty environment, a nonreference infrared thermal image denoising method based on heuristic dual-tree wavelet thresholding is proposed. The threshold is optimized through estimating noise variance in wavelet domain using an improved chaotic drosophila algorithm (CDOA), which is promoted by a spatial–spectral entropy based metric. The basic DOA, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, and virus colony search algorithm are implemented to compare the convergence rate and optimization ability of improved CDOA. Moreover, other representative denoising methods, such as BM3D, BLS-GSM, fast translation invariant, and nonlocal Bayes, are also applied for comparison. Comparison result proves effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. Finally, the proposed method is applied in infrared thermograph-based visual surveillance system, and the denoising results also prove the state-of-art performance.


The forest industries are Canada's most important manufacturing group. They account directly for about 14% of the number of persons employed; the salaries and wages paid; and the amount of capital invested. A rosy outlook is forecast for at least the next ten years with a continuing high demand likely throughout the next forty years. According to estimates it would appear that the demand for wood will exceed the present annual supply about 1990.The increased demand for wood products which is forecast does not automatically guarantee that Canada will continue to play a leading role in supplying world needs indefinitely. A number of problems facing our industry are discussed including the need for modernizing manufacturing establishments in some localities, increasing productivity, and decreasing costs.Studies to determine the total economic impact of Canada's Forest Industries are called for, as well as trend studies to provide guidance as to the best course for future development. Foresters are challenged...


W:c humans luve heen known to do strange things when our sleep gers disordered. A Canadian man murdered his motherin-law while sleepwalking. Another man, whilc dreaming that he was Hecing from an intruder, drove his car to füs parents' hüllse without mishap. Then there i5 the wornan who drew a map 01 the United Stares on her bedroom wall and filled in all 50 state capitals \vhile asleep. The American Sleep Disorders Association in an advertisement last year norcd that Olle waman had gained 40 pounds because she ate chocolates while Jeep in slumber, aod another had awakened at the grocery store while pushing along a cart that contained 56 boxes of corn flakes. Disrupted llights hit more than 30 million Americans who suffer from serious slecp prohlems such as chronic insomnia, apnea, and narcolepsy. Most of us, though, only occasionally have rcstlcss nights, \vaking ,thc nex( morning bleary-eyed and sleep deprived. If sleep problems large andsmall are to be managed, itwould be helpful to know which 1110lecules floating through our bodies ultimately trigger sleep and the chain of events that lead to acti vation of those :noleculcs. Could thc most important instigators of sleep be molecules already known to inducc slcep, or might as-vet-undiscovered compounds be ~csponsiblc? The root causes of sleep gone haywire may not be discovered until sleep researchers uetermine the purpOse for the high I)' risky habit of snoozing.The main biological function of so-ca lied normal sleep is stil!


The special picture monitor intended for supervision over processes of origin and distribution of cracks directly during tests on low-cycle fatigue is developed and established on machine EI-2M. Have constructed dependences low-cycle fatigue from quantity of restored. It is shown, that to quantity increase restored there is an increase of endurance of metal of a basis on low-cycle fatigue.


ABSTRACT Vibrio mimicus differs from Vibrio choleraein a number of genotypic and phenotypic traits but like V. cholerae can give rise to diarrheal disease. We examined clinical isolates of V. mimicus for the presence of CTXΦ, the lysogenic filamentous bacteriophage that carries the cholera toxin genes in epidemic V. cholerae strains. Four V. mimicus isolates were found to contain complete copies of CTXΦ. Southern blot analyses revealed that V. mimicus strain PT5 contains two CTX prophages integrated at different sites within theV. mimicus genome whereas V. mimicus strains PT48, 523-80, and 9583 each contain tandemly arranged copies of CTXΦ. We detected the replicative form of CTXΦ, pCTX, in all four of theseV. mimicus isolates. The CTX prophage in strain PT5 was found to produce infectious CTXΦ particles. The nucleotide sequences of CTXΦ genes orfU and zot from V. mimicus strain PT5 and V. cholerae strain N16961 were identical, indicating contemporary horizontal transfer of CTXΦ between these two species. The receptor for CTXΦ, the toxin-coregulated pilus, which is encoded by another lysogenic filamentous bacteriophage, VPIΦ, was also present in the CTXΦ-positive V. mimicus isolates. The nucleotide sequences of VPIΦ genes aldA and toxT fromV. mimicus strain PT5 and V. cholerae N16961 were identical, suggesting recent horizontal transfer of this phage between V. mimicus and V. cholerae. In V. mimicus, the vibrio pathogenicity island prophage was integrated in the same chromosomal attachment site as in V. cholerae. These results suggest that V. mimicus may be a significant reservoir for both CTXΦ and VPIΦ and may play an important role in the emergence of new toxigenic V. cholerae isolates.


The objectives of this research was to find out the significant influence of learning activity in problem based instruction learning model towards student's history learning outcomes class X IPS SMAN 1 Kota Gajah. The research was quantitative research with the experimental methods. The results of the study showed that there was significant influence of learning activity in problem based instruction learning model towards student's learning outcomes with the significant result 0.47 categorized as enough. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh yang signifikan aktivitas belajar dalam model pembelajaran Problem Based Instruction terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah kelas XI IPS SMAN 1 Kota Gajah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada pengaruh yang signifikan aktivitas belajar dalam model pembelajaran Problem Based Instruction terhadap hasil belajar siswa dengan besarnya taraf signifikan 0,47. termasuk ke dalam kategori cukup. Kata kunci : aktivitas belajar, hasil belajar, model pembelajaran, problem based instruction


The paper presents a decayed prior sampling algorithm for integrating the existing knowledge of a supervised learning neural networks with the new training data. The algorithm allows the existing knowledge to age out in slow rate as a neural network is gradually retrained with consecutive sets of new samples, resembling the change of application locality under a consistent environment. The experiments are performed on 2-dimensional partitions problem and the results convincingly confirm the effectiveness of the technique.


Disclosed is an NOx reduction catalyst for reducing NOx in a process gas, which is characterized by comprising a catalyst carrier containing an oxide, an NOx adsorbing component and an NOx purifying component.


The purpose of this research is to find out the benefits of PhET simulation in teaching physics in schools, and to argue that PhET simulation can replace real laboratories in teaching physics in schools. This research is a qualitative research. This type of research is literature study. Articles to be reviewed are obtained from various sources, namely: Google Scholar, Scopus, Garuda portal and ERIC. The first stage of the search produced 50 articles, then the data was directed to the selection of 10 main challenging categories to be researched, 3 international journals and 7 national journals. The results of the study show that teachers can use PhET simulations as an alternative complementary solution to the unavailability of real physics laboratory equipment in schools. PhET simulations are not only a substitute for real laboratories. In its implementation, PhET simulation is able to display real practical processes clearly and easily understood. PhET Simulation improves academic achievement in the field of science, improves student performance, thinking skills and enhance students' interaction. Changing abstract concepts into more concrete ones. The PhET simulation also has disadvantages, namely that teachers and students must provide electronic devices that have the PhET application installed; must master the use of electronic devices; require usage guidelines; does not include activities; not yet equipped with student worksheets; no instructions for use yet; and students must work independently.


Effects and mechanisms of steroid contraceptives and human lipoprotein metabolism are discussed. The following topics are reviewed: 1) the prevalence and types of hyperlipidemia induced by steroid contraceptives with new information contrasting the changes associated with combination contraceptives vs. those with postmenopausal estrogen replacement; 2) the changes in plasma apolipoproteins which accompany and possibly control the altered blood lipid levels; 3) changes in the levels of lipolytic enzymes induced by these steroids; 4) the balance between plasma triglyceride (TG) input and removal during contraceptive steroid therapy in normo- and hyperlipidemic persons; and 5) insights into the control of normal and abnormal lipid metabolism which proceed from the unique and paradoxical hypolipidemic response of subjects with type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia (breast-beta disease) to estrogen therapy. It is hypothesized that: 1) estrogens stimulate TG synthesis and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) production in normal and hyperlipidemic subjects; 2) estrogens facilitate chylomicron and VLDL remnant removal; 3) the net effect of both changes varies among individuals (in normal persons the VLDL level increases; in subjects with type 3 who have limited remnant removal abnormal VLDL declines or disappears leaving an increased level of normal VLDL in a type 4 pattern; in subjects with hyperlipidemia of varieties other than type 3 the net effect depends on their individual susceptibility to further stimulation of VLDL synthesis vs. their relative saturation of remnant removal. If the remnant removal is saturated prior to estrogen therapy and VLDL synthesis does not dramatically increase like subjects with type 3 a paradoxical hypolipidemic response may occur.).


Thank you for downloading microsoft office 2003 for healthcare. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this microsoft office 2003 for healthcare, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their laptop. microsoft office 2003 for healthcare is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our digital library hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the microsoft office 2003 for healthcare is universally compatible with any devices to read.


What are APA, MLA, Turabian, & Chicago? How do I apply a citation style to my paper? Turabian style explained


A lectotype is designated for Pterella eleonorae (Venturi, 1957), which is recognized as a junior synonym of Pterella grisea (Meigen, 1824), syn. nov. The Italian distribution of P. grisea is updated.


Abstract Research and practice in decision support systems have often been said to focus too much on individual decision-making, when decisions actually are made by groups. Another shortfall of current research is the absence of any established theory or framework on which to base it. A third shortfall is the lack of connections between theory and actual implementation in terms of information technology. The first two problems in particular are addressed in this study. Decision-making is considered to be a group activity— rather than an individual activity—in which as a matter of fact a contract between the decision-makers is established. The contracts incur transaction costs, which may or may not be covered by the extra value gained by the contract. Transaction costs in the contract formulation phase should be eliminated, and information technology in its various forms is a principal means by which to achieve this end. Different kinds of technologies support different kinds of contracts. This is why deci...


In this paper, the time effect of hydrothermal synthesis on YF3 morphology particles is considered. The work was carried out on X-ray-excited YF3:Ce3+ phosphors. The synthesis was carried out by the hydrothermal method, since it avoids high temperatures leading to particle agglomeration. The first stage of research consisted in identifying the most favorable medium for obtaining the required phase and size - water or organic matter (ethylene glycol and ethanol). Research has shown that ethylene glycol has all the advantages: it prevents agglomeration, allows us to get the required phase. Hydrothermal synthesis of YF3 samples to determine the optimal synthesis time was carried out according to the same scheme - in an organic medium of ethylene glycol without using stabilizers for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 hours. Our study showed that it is possible to obtain a YF3 sample that meets the necessary requirements (including nanoscale) within 16 hours, moreover, without the use of stabilizers. In parallel with the study of the synthesis duration, an experiment was carried out on the effect of various stabilizers on the properties of the YF3:Ce3+ phosphors (5%). The synthesized nanophosphors possessed effective X-ray luminescence with a maximum in the region of 300 nm, which makes it possible to use them in the composition of preparations for PDT.


The objective of the current study was to determine which Mexican American children benefited most from an obesity prevention program. Data used were taken from a larger randomized clinical trial in which participants received either an intensive (IP) or a self‐help (SH) program for preventing the onset of adult obesity. Children in IP lost significantly more weight than those in SH. This study used children from the IP (n = 106) condition only. Children aged 10 to 14 years were classified according to weight status (normal (N), n = 35; at risk of overweight (ARO), n = 21; overweight (O), n = 50). N children showed no change in body mass index standardized for age and gender (zbmi; t = .85, p < .001 at 12 months) and little change in weight status over time (>97% remained N). ARO and O children, however, showed significant changes in zbmi (t = .54, p < .01; t = .81, p < .001, respectively) and weight status from baseline to 12‐ months (48% of ARO changed to N and 10% of O changed to ARO). The decrease in zbmi for ARO children was significantly greater than that of the O children (F = 4.8, p < .05) indicating intervention may be most effective for ARO children. We concluded that it is important to understand differences in how prevention programs benefit participants from various weight classifications.


A simple graph is presented for solving a problem of elastic buckling combined with bending involving a thin member. The problem resides in movements at the extremities of the member and in applied axial stress. The graph enables the location and value of the maximum bending moment to be obtained. An analytical study of this graphic method is appended. /TRRL/


The (MC-CDMA) is an advanced broadband wireless transmission technology combining (OFDM) and spread spectrum techniques. The MC-CDMA family can have several competitive properties, e.g., robustness against the frequency selective fading channel, flexibility in system design, low detection complexity, and lower peak-to-average power ratio. MCCDMA support multi-class traffic with different bit error rate .The study of BER performance ,SNR performance, Standard Deviation Of Phase Error performance , Peak Power Compression performance , Mutipath performance over different modulation techniques are obtained. The peak power compression ratio is the ratio of the peak power of the signal before clipping to the peak power of the clipped signal. In this peak power compression and standard deviation of phase error is computed. When the simulation take place the clipping signal effects the output power amplifier being over driven, therefore peak to RMS power of the signal is reduced and it allows the signal with a more power to transmitted Also Simulation results shows that the BER performance is sensitive to SNR, Peak Power Compression, type of modulation technique and number of users. we can say that the standard deviation of phase error for 2 bit and 1 bit is almost linear , It means peak power clipping ratio follows the linear effect to the standard deviation of phase error. As delay samples is increased BER is reduced, as BER is reduced peak power compression ratio is increased and peak to RMS power of the signal is reduced. It show that minimum BER obtained with the BPSK modulation technique.


We present a review of the fundamental topics of Hartree–Fock theory in quantum chemistry. From the molecular Hamiltonian, using and discussing the Born–Oppenheimer approximation, we arrive at the Hartree and Hartree–Fock equations for the electronic problem. Special emphasis is placed on the most relevant mathematical aspects of the theoretical derivation of the final equations, and on the results regarding the existence and uniqueness of their solutions. All Hartree–Fock versions with different spin restrictions are systematically extracted from the general case, thus providing a unifying framework. The discretization of the one-electron orbital space is then reviewed and the Roothaan–Hall formalism introduced. This leads to an exposition of the basic underlying concepts related to the construction and selection of Gaussian basis sets, focusing on algorithmic efficiency issues. Finally, we close the review with a section in which the most relevant modern developments (especially those related to the design of linear-scaling methods) are commented on and linked to the issues discussed. The paper is intentionally introductory and rather self-contained, and may be useful for non-experts intending to use quantum chemical methods in interdisciplinary applications. Moreover, much material that can be found scattered in the literature has been put together to facilitate comprehension and to serve as a handy reference.


On the basis of the experiments of loading behaviors of the high efficiently prestressed concrete T-beam and the nonlinear characteristic of materials,an appropriate material constitutive relationship and a calculation model were selected,the behavior over loading process of the T-beam was simulated and analyzed by ANSYS.Comparison with the results of the finite element analysis and experiments,it is concluded that the simulation of deformation performance of the high efficiently prestressed concrete structures is feasible by the ANSYS.The result can provide the basis for the virtual test of prestressed concrete structure.


186 basketball judges in 50 institutes and uni ve rsities in Xi'an City were investigated with adoption of questionnaires study,e xpert interview and mathematical statistics.It was found that the judges had hi gh academic(education) and they were mostly young.But there were more male j udges than females and their English level was low.Meanwhile,there were very fe w high level judges.


Halogen anion X~-(X=I, Br) has been incorporated into an anion exchange membrane. The combing Pt-SPE and the mediator X~- system was utilized to degrade and decolorize acid chrome blue K. The electro-chemical behavior of X~- in the electrolysis cell was investigated by I-V cyclic voltammetry and steady state polarization method. The decolorization rate was determined by a visible photometer. Both of Br~- and I~- are efficient for degradation and decolorization of acid chrome blue dye. The degradation reaction is a first order reaction with k=4.0×10~(-4)/s for Br~- and 1.39×10~(-4)/s for I~-, respectively.


FRAGMENTATION AND RECONSTRUCTION: IMAGES O F T H E F E M A L E B O D Y I N ANCRENE WISSE AND T H E KATHERINE GROUP Catherine Innes-Parker I n recent years there has been an increased interest i n the s p i r i t u  a l i t y o f Ancrene Wisse and t h e texts o f the K a t h e r i n e G r o u p and the tradi W o o i n g G r o u p , associated w i t h i t b y dialect and m a n u s c r i p t tion. I n particular, a t t e n t i o n has t u r n e d t o the female, anchoritic audience f o r w h o m these texts were w r i t t e n . T h e question o f audi- I would like to thank the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and the Memorial University School of Graduate Studies, whose generous funding made much of the research for this paper possible. A l l references to Ancrene Wisse are from J . R . R . T o l k i e n , The English Text of the Ancrene Riwle : Ancrene Wisse , edited from MS Corpus Chnsti College, Cambridge 402, Early English Text Society 249 {London: O x f o r d U n i v . Press, 1962). A l l refer ences to the Ancrene Wisse will be made parenthetically by chapter and page number. The texts of the Katherine G r o u p include Hall Meibhad ( H M ) , Sawles Warde (SW), Seinte Margarete (SM), found in the critical edition prepared by Bella Milieu and Jocelyn Wo g an-Browne, Medieval English Prose for Women: Selections from the Kather ine Group and Ancrene Wisse (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990); Seinte Katerme (SK), edited by S. R . T . O . d'Ardenne and E . J . Dobson, E E T S , supp. ser. 7 (1981); and Seinte luliene (SJ), ed. by S. R . T . O . d'Ardenne, E E T S 248 (1936; repr. 1962). T h e texts of the Wooing Group include Pe Wohunge of ure Lauerd ( W L d ) , On wele swude God (Jreisun of GodAlmihti ( U r G ) , On Lofsong of ure Louerde ( L L o ) , and On Lofsong of Ure Lefdi [or Pe Oreisun of Seinte Marie] ( L L e ) , and are found in W . Meredith Thompson, Pe Wohunge of Ure Lauerd, E E T S 241 (London: O x f o r d U n i v . Press, 1958) (reference by page and line number). Unless otherwise stated, all translations are from Anne Savage and Nicholas Watson, Anchoritic Spirituality: 'Ancrene Wisse and Associated Works (New Y o r k : Paulist Press, 1991), hereafter cited as S / W . See, for example, Cheryl Frost, The Attitude to Women and the Adaptation to a Feminine Audience in the Ancrene Wisse, AUMLA 50 (1978): 235-50; Elizabeth Robertson, Early English Devotional Prose and the Female Audience (Knoxville: U n i v . of Tennessee Press, 1990); and Anne C l a r k Bartlett, Male Authors, Female Readers and Middle English Devotional Literature (Ithaca: Cornell U n i v . Press, 1995). T h e interest in the female audience of Ancrene Wisse is only part of a larger interest in medieval Comitatus 26 (1995)


We analyzed the mechanisms involved in the effect of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) in isolated aortic rings with and without endothelium from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at 6, 18, and 24 months of age. t-BOOH (1 mM-10 mM) induced concentrationdependent contractions that were scarcely modified by aging and potentiated in SHR and by endothelium removal. The nitric oxide synthase and prostacyclin synthase inhibitors N-nitroL-arginine methyl ester (100 mM) and tranylcypromine (100 mM), respectively, increased both basal tone and the t-BOOH-induced contractions in intact segments from WKY, with these effects not observed in SHR. Indomethacin (10 mM), a nonspecific cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and SQ 29,548 (10 mM), a prostaglandin H2/thromboxane A2 receptor blocker, abolished the t-BOOH-induced vasoconstriction, independent of age and hypertension. In both strains, these contractile responses were unaltered by the thromboxane synthase inhibitor imidazole (10 mM). The cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS-398 (10 mM) abolished or markedly reduced the t-BOOH-induced contractions in segments with or without endothelium, respectively. In addition, expression of cyclooxygenase-2 protein was detected in aorta from WKY and SHR in either basal condition or after stimulation with t-BOOH. These results suggest that (1) t-BOOH-induced vasoconstriction in the aorta from WKY and SHR is essentially mediated by cyclooxygenase-2 metabolites, different from thromboxane-A2, probably prostaglandin-H2, and/or isoprostanes; (2) aging scarcely modifies, whereas endothelium negatively modulates, these contractions in both strains; and (3) nitric oxide and prostacyclin exert a negative modulator role on the t-BOOH-induced vasoconstriction in WKY, with this modulator role lost in SHR. Lipid peroxidation is a free radical-dependent process that is involved in the modification of structure and permeability of membranes, age pigment formation, oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins, and alteration of vasomotor tone regulation (Hicks and Gebicki, 1978; Kikugawa et al., 1981; Esterbauer et al., 1992; Rodrı́guez-Martı́nez et al., 1996, 1998a). Of special clinical interest is the role played by lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, such as congestive heart failure, atherosclerosis, or preeclampsia (Holvoet et al., 1995; Wang and Walsh, 1995; Dı́az-Vélez et al., 1996), as well as in the vascular damage associated with aging (Rodrı́guez-Martı́nez et al., 1998a). Thus, enhancement of lipid peroxidation derivatives in plasma or vascular tissues (Rodrı́guez-Martı́nez and Ruı́zTorres, 1992; Cester et al., 1994; Rodrı́guez-Martı́nez et al., 1998a), along with a certain degree of endothelial alteration (Marı́n, 1993, 1995; Marı́n and Rodrı́guez-Martı́nez, 1997), appears to be common findings in hypertension and aging. Oxidative stress induced by lipid peroxidation derivatives can affect the vascular reactivity modifying basal tone, the responses to agonists, Ca-signaling mechanisms, and the production, release, or effect of endothelium-derived paracrine factors (Gurtner and Burke-Wolin, 1991; Schilling and Elliott, 1992; Hubel et al., 1993; Rodrı́guez-Martı́nez et al., 1996). In this regard, we recently described that the classic marker of lipid peroxidation processes, malondialdehyde, produces an impairment of the relaxant responses evoked by acetylcholine and that the imbalance between the glutathione-dependent antioxidant system and malondialdehyde levels in blood is implicated in the dysfunction of endotheliumdependent relaxations with age (Rodrı́guez-Martı́nez et al., 1996, 1998a). Received for publication July 23, 1999. 1 This work was supported by grants from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (98/0074-02), Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica (PM97-0008), Comunidad de Madrid (08.3/0003/1998), and Bayer España. ABBREVIATIONS: WKY, Wistar-Kyoto rats; SHR, spontaneously hypertensive rats; MAP, mean arterial pressure; KHS, Krebs-Henseleit solution; COX, cyclooxygenase; H2O2, hydrogen peroxide; L-NAME, N -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; NO, nitric oxide; PG, prostaglandin; t-BOOH, tert-butyl hydroperoxide; TX, thromboxane. 0022-3565/00/2931-0075$03.00/0 THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS Vol. 293, No. 1 Copyright © 2000 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Printed in U.S.A. JPET 293:75–81, 2000 75 at A PE T Jornals on July 7, 2017 jpet.asjournals.org D ow nladed from A precursor in the formation of malondialdehyde is, among other hydroperoxides, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH), a membrane-permeant oxidant that has been extensively used as a model of oxidative stress in different systems. In the past years, considerable evidence has been accumulated to suggest that t-BOOH is able to induce changes in either Casignaling mechanisms (Schilling and Elliott, 1992; Elliott and Doan, 1993; Elliott et al., 1995) or monovalent cation homeostasis (Elliott and Schilling, 1992; Cutaia and Parks, 1994; Koliwad et al., 1996a,b) in vascular endothelial cells. Vascular reactivity can also be altered by t-BOOH. Thus, vasoconstriction can be induced by perfusing isolated rabbit lung (Gurtner and Burke-Wolin, 1991) or isolated human placental cotyledons (Walsh et al., 1993) with t-BOOH. This oxidant can also potentiate the contractile responses to potassium or norepinephrine in rat mesenteric artery (Hubel et al., 1993) or reduce the relaxant responses to acetylcholine in rat coronary vessels (Yaghi and Watts, 1993). Nevertheless, the vascular effect and the mechanism of action of t-BOOH in hypertension and aging have been scarcely studied, although in both processes oxidative stress could play a causative role (Rodrı́guez-Martı́nez and Ruiz-Torres, 1992; Bouloumié et al., 1997). Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of hypertension, age, and endothelium on the changes induced by t-BOOH on vasomotor tone in aortic rings from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at 6, 18, and 24 months of age, as well as the possible mechanisms involved. Materials and Methods This study was performed in 36 WKY and 36 SHR male rats at ages 6, 18, and 24 months, which were born and fed with regular chow at the facilities of the Facultad de Medicina of the Universidad Autónoma of Madrid. The procedures were in accord with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory


English Abstract: The health sector in Greece in recent years is undergoing various reforms. The financial crisis, which forced the reduction of the expenses of the Public Health Units, also contributes to this. Simultaneously with the introduction of Presidential Decree 146/2003, Accounting on an accrual basis is introduced in Public Hospitals. The aim of this study is to investigate the degree of assimilation of the double entry accounting system by the executives of the Public Hospitals. The research was carried out with the help of a questionnaire in 4 Health Regions of Greece and a total of 132 questionnaires were collected.


The paper addresses the problem of single microphone speech enhancement in noisy environments. Common short-time noise reduction techniques introduce harmonic distortion in enhanced speech because of the non reliability of estimators for small signal-to-noise ratios. We propose a new method, called harmonic regeneration noise reduction technique, which solves this problem. A fully harmonic signal is calculated based on the distorted signal using a non-linearity to regenerate harmonics in an efficient way. This artificial signal is then used to compute a suppression gain able to preserve the speech harmonics. This method is theoretically analyzed, then objective and formal subjective results are given and show a significant improvement compared to classical noise reduction techniques.


The excellent course construction is a long-term project.Sharing excellent course is of great importance.However,there are still some problems in the process of excellent course construction and sharing.This paper mainly talks about the present situation,the existing problems and countermeasures to better the excellent course construction and to share the resources roundly.


The 29Si and 27Al in modified and unmodified calcined kaolin were res earched and compared by using MAS NMR. The result shows that the chemical shift of -106×10-6 of 29Si almost keeps unchanged after being modifie d, but 27Al cha nges obviously. The chemical shift of 5.44×10-6 and 65.69×10-6 of 27Al are sep arately shifted to 3.8×10-6-4.4×10-6 and 54.6×10-6-59.9×1 0-6 after being mod ified. And the chemical modification of kaolin is completed by linking with Al o n the surface of it.


This report presents the test results of two buses and five straight trucks in braking-in-a-curve antilock brake systems (ABS) performance tests. Results from the test indicate that the braking-in-a-curve test is practical, repeatable and safe to perform for single unit vehicles as well as tractors.


IN LARGE AUTOPSY SERIES at Boston City Hospital, Bellevue, and the University of Washington Hospital, the incidence of cerebellar hemorrhage was 0.21%, 0.44%, and 0.7%, respectively. Cerebellar infarcts uncomplicated by brain stem infarction are about two-thirds as common as cerebellar hemorrhages. In several clinical series of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages, the cerebellum was the site of the hemorrhage in approximately 10% of the cases. Both cerebellar hemorrhage and infarct occur most frequently in the fifth through the eighth decades and about as frequently in males as in females.


Based on the online survey conducted among school principals, the paper demonstrates the main problems when making management decisions in an extreme situation caused by the war in Ukraine. The author identified social risks and unforeseen challenges faced by principals of the Ukrainian general secondary education institutions (GSEI) when performing their functional duties during the war. It was revealed that in the current situation, the school principals fulfil not only traditional functions oforganizing the educational process but also new ones, determined by the current situation, i.e., guaranteeing the safety of all process participants; ensuring their all-round support, legally accurate registration of educational activities in wartime conditions, etc. It is shown that the change in the functionality of the general secondary education institutions principal under the influence of certain events and public requests is not an accidental phenomenon caused by the current war situation but is more a historical regularity inherent in the development of Ukrainian education from the very origins of its creation. The paper demonstrates that the list of functions and competencies defined by the professional standard "Principal of a general secondary education institution" did not cover the entire scope of processes provided by the head of the general secondary education institutions, their managerial actions in extreme situations, that is, the implementation of the crisis-resolving function, which requires appropriate training. In this regard, the results of the conducted research allow us to see that in the current situation of a full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of sovereign Ukraine, school leaders need enhanced legal training, deepening of financial literacy, psychological and other types of support. Recommendations have been developed for bringing the training in the system of advanced training of the heads of the general secondary education institutions to new demands, caused by the need to deepen knowledge for making effective management decisions in war conditions, in particular, regarding the strengthening of the legal component of training plans; introduction of training courses with working out cases of sharing one's own experience in solving non-intersecting issues in particular situations; preparation for work in extreme situations as a core component of the block of psychological disciplines; deepening of financial awareness in conditions of funding uncertainty; familiarization with fundraising, the need for which became acute during the war and will remain relevant in the post-war conditions of recovery of the country's economy; the expediency of developing an innovative course to strengthen the formation of national identity, national stability, loyalty and the value field of the Ukrainian people not through the traditional transfer of knowledge about historical facts and the literary works, but through awareness of the historical mission of Ukrainians in the struggle for their right to life in an independent state.


According to electrical equivalent circuit and vector graph of induction electromotor, discussion is made in theory about the problem ,that exists in the course of transformation from variable frequency to work frequency. Furthermore it is pointed out that whether the high-power electromotor can be switched from VF to WF lies on phase consistency between work frequency phase voltage and corresponding work frequency phase voltage. Frequency and phase discriminator is adopted in the industry test to complete the transformation from VF to WF successfully. As the transformation electrical current is small, non-impact start of the high-power electromotor is realized.


ABSTRACT Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidylarginine deiminase (PPAD) is the focus of several studies due to its ability to citrullinate in vitro human proteins, which have been linked to the aetiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this work was the generation by homologous recombination and characterisation of a P. gingivalis W50 mutant lacking pad gene (PG1424) to study the role of PPAD in RA. To confirm the absence of PPAD activity in P. gingivalis PG1424, cells were incubated with arginine-containing substrates and citrullination of L-arginine measured using a colorimetric assay and thin-layer chromatography. Furthermore, arginine and lysine protease (gingipain) activities were assessed and immunoblotting was performed using monoclonal antibody 1B5 (mAb1B5) and a commercial anti-modified citrulline antibody (AMC) to detect differences in virulence factor expression. The deletion of pad gene in P. gingivalis PG1424 completely abolished the ability to autocitrullinate P. gingivalis proteins in the mutant strain and also the citrullination of used substrates but not free L-arginine. Moreover, the wild-type and mutant strains had similar total gingipain activities and reactivity with mAb1B5. In conclusion, this work has produced a well-characterised PPAD-deleted P. gingivalis strain, which can be used to help determine the role of citrullination by this microorganism in RA.


PURPOSE
Because of the crucial practical importance of acute radiation exposure associated with combined injuries, the study was undertaken to investigate the effect of various doses of ascorbic acid on the survival and healing of wounds in mice exposed to whole-body gamma-radiation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Animals were given double-distilled water or different doses of ascorbic acid by intraperitoneal injection before exposure to 0 or 10 Gy whole-body gamma-radiation to evaluate the effect of ascorbic acid on radiation-induced mortality. The animals were monitored daily for the symptoms of radiation sickness and mortality. In a separate experiment, animals were administered with either double-distilled water or different doses of ascorbic acid before exposure to 0 or 6 Gy whole-body gamma-radiation to investigate the effect of ascorbic acid on the irradiated wound. A full-thickness skin wound was created on the dorsum of the irradiated mice and the progression of wound contraction was monitored by capturing video images of the wound at various post-irradiation periods.

RESULT
Treatment of mice with various doses of ascorbic acid elevated survival of mice and a highest number of survivors (67 and 33% for 10 and 30 days post-irradiation) was observed for 250 mg kg(-1) (p<0.002 and<0.02 for 10- and 30-day survival, respectively). Ascorbic acid treatment caused a dose-dependent elevation in the wound contraction and highest contraction was observed for 250 mg kg(-1). The wound contraction was significantly greater at 3 (p<0.005), 6 (<0.05) and 9 (<0.05) days post-irradiation with 250 mg kg(-1) ascorbic acid. The complete healing of the wound was effected by day 22.8 post-irradiation in the ascorbic acid-treated irradiation group.

CONCLUSION
Administration of ascorbic acid protected mice against radiation-induced sickness, mortality and improved healing of wounds after exposure to whole-body gamma-radiation. Additional studies will be directed toward analysing the role of successive administration of ascorbic acid to protect non-target tissues during radiotherapy and in initiating and supporting the cascade of tissue repair processes in radiotherapy delayed wounds.


This study developed a model for determining the shear strength of lateritic soils in a Banded Gneiss geologic unit. This was with a view to determining the effects of index properties and geology on the shear strength of selected soils. Lateritic soil samples were collected from selected locations within the Banded Gneiss geologic unit of the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) campus, Ile-Ife, Southwestern Nigeria. Soil samples were subjected to laboratory analyses for index and other geotechnical properties relevant in the determination of shear strength. Relationships between shear strength and index properties were determined by developing and validating Multivariable Least Square Regression (MLSR) model. The empirical relationship (model) between shear strength, τ (kN/m) and index properties (natural moisture content w, in %; fines content, fc in %; coefficient of curvature, Cc; and plastic limit, PL in %), which was found to be valid for the studied geologic unit is, τ = 27.268+1.594w-0.242fc+0.092Cu+0.510PL. This study concluded that the index properties have significant contribution to the shear strength of soils. The model could also be used to determine the shear strength of soils derived from Banded Gneiss geologic unit.


AbstractThis study explores teachers' perspectives on the impacts of the market economy on their working and living conditions in Northwest China. Findings reveal that the participants believed that they had benefited from the market economy such as increased pay, improved working and living conditions and professional development opportunities. However, the participants found the shiftfrom the traditional teacher-centered pedagogy to a more student-centered approach and working with more resourceful students and their parents challenging and stressful. Findings also suggest that minority teachers were concerned that the current Hanyu medium of instruction may have been an impediment to minority students' educational achievement.ResumeCette etude explore l'impact de l'economie de marche a partir de la perspective des professeurs. Elle analyse les effets de l'economie de marche sur les conditions de vie et de travail, les opportunites et les defis de ces derniers au Nord Ouest de la Chine. Les resultats montrent que les participants pensent avoir eleves leurs conditions de vie et leurs opportunites professionnelles. Ils trouvent cependant que le changement pedagogique d'une part, c'est-a dire le changement d'une pedagogie traditionnelle centree sur le professeur vers une pedagogie centree sur les apprenants, ainsi que le fait de travailler avec des apprenants et des parents avec plus de ressources financieres d'autre part, est tres exigeant et stressant. Les resultats montrent egalement que les professeurs minoritaires pensent que l'actuelle methode d'enseignement, le Hanyu, peut avoir des consequences negatives sur les resultats academiques des etudiants minoritairesBackgroundA market economy began growing in China three decades ago, coinciding with a western neoliberal globalization "political project of world integration" (Peters, 2011, p. 1) that committed China to guaranteeing "the ability of market forces to negotiate values and exchange at global scale" (MacPherson, 2012, p. 193). This top-down policy proposed by Deng Xiaoping called for a shiftfrom a socialist welfare system to a market economy by enforcing household responsibilities and entrepreneurialism through joint ventures and foreign investments. As the market economy experiment coincided with the "political project of world integration," attracting foreign business to invest in Chinese joint-ventures became a major concern. The country's economy has grown at a fast pace throughout this period, only beginning to slow down this year, earning the country membership in the World Trade Organization in 2001 and, in its own way just as important, culminating in a successful space mission in 2012.The market economy is guided by a neoliberal ideology that reduces the world to a market place which promotes intense global competition for resources; reduces quality of life to pursuit of financial freedom (Macpherson, 2012); and drives an increasing number of people to work more for less, which deprives others of gainful employment. Critics argue that neoliberalism, through policies such as the privatization of public resources, is a class project that creates "ever increasing inequalities between and within states" (Peters, 2011, p. 190; also see Limpman, 2012). According to Peters, neoliberalism also promotes a one nation cultural rhetoric in which "all individuals, freed from their ethnic origins, their tribal histories, ... their traditional cultural beliefs, can participate in a modern democratic society" (Peters, 2011, p. 38). As such, it is "antagonist to the sustainability interests of indigenous languages and cultures" (MacPherson, 2012, p. 193), promoting homogeneity and monoculturalism, as it sees pluralism and ethnic diversity as threats to the modern society. Neoliberalism, critics charge, systematically excludes groups historically defined as Other (Peters, 2011), displacing them linguistically and culturally. Reflections of the global neoliberal agenda in China include various educational reforms, including the introduction of a western style student-centered pedagogy and the current craze for English language education that promotes global relevance, and the Hanyu (official national language also known as Putonhua) medium instruction for minority students to enforce homogeneity. …


This document updates RFC 5280, the "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile". This document changes the set of acceptable encoding methods for the explicitText field of the user notice policy qualifier and clarifies the rules for converting internationalized domain name labels to ASCII. This document also provides some clarifications on the use of self-signed certificates, trust anchors, and some updated security considerations. Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.


The problem of fiber laser parameters estimation from input-output transient power measurements is considered in the paper. The proposed procedure is based on a suitable laser model obtained by simplifying the rate and propagation equations. By proper manipulation of the simplified laser equations, the estimation problem is formulated in the bounded error estimation framework, where a-priori information on physical parameters can be taken into account. A two stage scheme is presented where the first stage requires the solution to a nonconvex optimization problem, while the second stage is formulated as a linear regression problem. A suitable convex relaxation scheme for solving the nonconvex optimization problem is presented, along with a discussion of its convergency properties. The proposed algorithm is tested on a set of simulated data obtained from a commercial laser simulator.


The need to reduce the growth of car driver only trips in urban areas has been identified in transport strategies for Perth, Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane. One of the available tools to mitigate this growth is travel demand management. Travel demand management requires behaviour change interventions common in public policy areas such as health. This paper explores the relevance of various social change processes to reduce car driver only trips. Social change processes reviewed include planned social change, social marketing, organisational behaviour and community involvement. The lessons learnt from these reviews are then applied to two travel demand management initiatives being trialed in Perth, Western Australia. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see IRRD abstract no. 890658.


In recent years, the number of companies are adopting cloud computing service for outsourcing is increasing. On the other hand, there are threats that are like falsification or leakage to data to be kept secret. Therefore, the technologies for managing encrypted data are the attractive topics in the cryptographic field. Among them, functional encryption which is constructed with pairing-based cryptography is closing to the practical stage because pairing operation is getting faster by the recent study of pairing. In addition, there are some pairing libraries which allow a user to introduce the pairing-based cryptography to their system. Nevertheless, they have some differences in several operations. In this paper, we reconstruct pairing-based homomorphic encryption by focusing on features of libraries and examine the performance evaluations of them.


The criminal trial begins with a prosecution by the prosecutor submitting the indictment. The fact of the charge stated in the indictment is said to be the subject of judgment by the court. However, the dual theory that even criminal facts recognized as identical to the facts charged are potentially subject to judgment is valid. The dual theory is an attitude of orthodoxy and precedents. It is an interpretation consistent with the criminal procedure legislation. Under the criminal procedure legislation, the effectiveness of prosecution and res judicata are exercised within the identity of the facts charged is recognized. Meanwhile, the indictment modification system serves as a key that makes the potential subject of judgment enter into the real subject of judgment, which enables the appropriate state punishment power and protects the Defendant's right to defend. Nevertheless, according to the theory of 'facts stated in the indictment,' it is unnecessary to modify the indictment if the facts that are different from the facts stated in the indictment do not cause disadvantages to the Defendant's exercise of the right to defend. In this case, the fact to be recognized is no longer a potential subject of judgment but a real subject of judgment, and the court is obligated to judge a real subject of judgment, which is also in line with the judiciary's obligation to discover the real truth.
The attitude of the established precedents and the precedent covered in this paper argues that the court has no obligation in principle to confirm the criminal facts that do not require a modification of the indictment as the identity between the criminal facts and indictment is recognized. Instead, the attitude claims the court has an exceptional obligation to confirm the criminal facts if not confirming the facts is noticeably contrary to justice and equity. The attitude is not valid. The criterion of "whether it is noticeably contrary to justice and equity" violates the predictability and legal stability of the people on a very abstract and arbitrary basis. Rather, applying these judgment criteria itself is remarkably contrary to justice and equity. In conclusion, it is valid that the verdict covered in this paper judged that the court has to judge ex officio a crime of adultery by deception on motivation or associated consideration for adultery without the modification of indictment even if the case is prosecuted for the adultery by deception on adultery itself. However, as in conventional precedents, there is a problem in the process of judging according to the criteria of 'discretion in principle, recognition exceptionally,' and thus, the verdict needs to be reconsidered.