The article is in line with the problems facing military terminology at a new stage of its development. The main areas of research are social translation, sociological, didactic and psycholinguistic aspects of military terminology and terminological activity as the most relevant in modern conditions. The choice of military terminology as an object of research is due to the importance of the military sphere. Unified and standardized military terminology as the main component of the military language is the basis for successful communication in the military sphere (both in the national armed forces and at the international level). Need for communication between national armies arises on an ongoing since today military contingents are often created for a rapid response , and a significant share of success in this case depends on the ability of the government military department to provide targeted language training of its representatives in the shortest possible time. High requirements for the professional trainining of officers have been and remain the main guarantor of the successful functioning оf any military structure, the main component of which are specialists with a higher military special education. The article examines the approaches to the study of the military language, adopted in the armed forces of the French Republic. Historically, military terminology has long been disregarded in the French army and especially in the ground forces in the last quarter of the XX century, the goal of the actions of the Joint staff of the French Ground forces was that all the military found a common language in a common understanding of terms related to equipment, of the use of force, education and information exchange. Thus, the work carried out by terminology specialist is aimed at achieving homogeneity of terms in the military sphere.


Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is toxic to the environment. Cadmium in the environment can be derived from natural processes such as weathering of living creatures and plants or animals from mining and industrial waste. To overcome the heavy metal pollution in the environment can be used adsorption method. The adsorbent used in the study is bentonite. The purpose of this study was to determine the absorption efficiency bentonite to the metal cadmium. Bentonite samples from the area of Jambi Province. Bentonite is divided managed bentonite inactive, active bentonite and bentonite are processed in the industry. The parameters studied in this research are a variation of the mass of bentonite, contact time and adsorption capacity. Measurements were made using Spectrometry Atomic Absorption (AAS). The results showed that the activated bentonite not have the absorptive capacity of the metal cadmium that is better than the activated bentonite. Efficiency absorption cadmium metal bentonite with a mass of 0.5 g and a contact time of 120 minutes was 90.5%, while bentoit activated with HCl efesiensinya only 32.70%.


We describe our research on integrating deep learning with artificial intelligence techniques in the context of an imagery surveillance prototype designed to automatically identify imagery of interest to a user. In particular, we briefly overview the Image Surveillance Assistant (ISA) architecture, present a study focusing on ISA1, ISA's preliminary implementation, and discuss our plans for future extensions. Our plans include two foci: the more expressive semantic and perceptual representations and processing we will use, and user interaction processes.


The present study was conducted in the central region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan comprising seven districts: Peshawar, Charsadda, Nowshera, Mardan, Swabi, Kohat and Hangu, during 2010. The objective was to analyze the perceived effect of Farmer Field School (FFS) approach on farmers' capacity in controlling pre- and postharvest losses. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data collected from 280 randomly selected farmer respondents. The analysis revealed that FFS had remarkably built up farmers' capacity in controlling pre and post-harvest losses caused by rodents, birds, immature harvesting/picking, and inappropriate packing, storing, and transportation of the produce. Furthermore, FFS helped farmers in reducing losses at the market and controlling grain borer, wheat weevil, and store weevils effectively. The study concluded that the highest improvement as a result of FFS activities was in controlling losses by rodents, proper packaging and labeling of the produce, and controlling some stored grain pests like grain borer and wheat weevil. By and large, farmers' capacity was built up in almost all aspects of controlling pre- and post-harvest losses, except a few i.e. losses due to immature harvesting of crops, and controlling losses caused by store insects, which needed special focus of the authorities concerned.


The Bachelor thesis was written on the topic The development strategy of Mohelnice. The thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical one and a practical one. In the theoretical part, the aims of the work and methods to achieve the aims have been formulated, the basic terms concerning the regional development have been explained and the related legislation has been presented. In the practical part the socioeconomic analysis has been executed. The compilation of the detected information has been done with the SWOT analysis, which has been used as the base to create the concept of the development strategy of Mohelnice.


A large proportion of sugarcane harvested in the South African sugar industry is hauled by tractorltrailer units on gravel hardened roads. Queries from sugarcane growers prompted an investigation to determine whether the performance of a haulage unit would be affected if different tractor rear wheel tyres were used. Radial-ply tyres of 34 inches rim diameter, and cross-ply types of 30 inches and 34 inches rim diameter were tested on the same tractor. Road speed, loads, fuel consumption and wheelslip were measured over a 4,3 km route divided into a series of gradients where the distances for each gradient were known. With the smaller diameter tyres the tractor rear wheels tended to slip more on the steeper gradients. The tests showed that when the three different tyres were used there were no significant differences in the performance of the haulage unit.


This chapter lays out some of the shifts in Methodist discourse culture that occurred during the early nineteenth century and suggests that, in response to these changes, Methodist women found new ways to reach their audiences and work around the Methodist hierarchy. In particular, it focuses on the lives and writings of Sarah Crosby, Mary Bosanquet Fletcher, Mary Tooth, and other members of their circle in order to illustrate how they adapted earlier Methodist discourse practices for new and potentially subversive purposes. It then turns to the work of evangelical Anglican Hannah More in the 1790's and early 1800's to consider how a very well-known female evangelical within the Church of England negotiated a shifting discursive terrain, especially in her Cheap Repository Tracts and her work with the Mendip Hills Sunday Schools which led to the Blagdon Controversy.


Spasticity in cerebral palsy is one of its most important and common clinical presentation. It produces contractures, deformities and also hampers physiotherapy if not treated. For treatment of spasticity there are various modalities like stretching exercises, casts, muscle relaxants, phenol injections, intraspinal baclofen pump and dorsal selective rhizotomy. Botulinum toxin A, neuromuscular blocker, is a newer addition in this list. We have done a prospective uncontrolled study in 21 patients with diplegic spastic cerebral palsy. The toxin was injected in lower limbs for spastic hamstrings and gastrosoleus. The average age of patients was 6.1yrs. Average number of injection given was one. The patients were followed up for 6 months after injection. We conclude that Botulinum toxin A is a good muscle relaxant, easy to administer and has negligible side effects. It improves tolerance to cast application and physiotherapy which makes the rehabilitation of patient easy. Except the cost of therapy and its "window period" it is best modality of treatment for the spastic diplegic cerebral palsy patients.


ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of planned and unplanned production suspension on firm value. We find that the increased business risk caused by the production suspension negatively affects firm value. Additionally, good corporate governance alleviates the negative effect of planned suspensions, while only firm-specific factors affect unplanned suspensions. Moreover, among firms facing unplanned suspensions, those with strong governance recover faster than firms with weak governance because the former have stable managerial structures. Finally, business group-affiliated firms cope with planned production suspensions well, whereas they are more vulnerable to unplanned suspensions. The result suggests that the group-level supplier-demander relationships have potential business risk owing to low flexibility in unexpected business situations.


In all regions of the world, including Indonesia, there is a change in the patterns of disease from infectious diseases to degenerative diseases and non-communicable diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has also raised awareness of the need to continually strengthen the immune system. Increasing the body's resistance can benefit from the use of traditional herbs with medicinal capabilities. Some biological plants such as red ginger, alang-alang root, galangal which are known to the public for their spices, can become herbal drinks when formulated with the addition of palm sugar. These three plants have been studied on a laboratory scale to identify nutrients and bioactive compounds that are beneficial for health. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional content of functional herbal drink products made from palm sugar and spice powder (red ginger, alang-alang root, and galangal). The research method was carried out using hedonic organoleptic tests on 3 prepared formulas, phytochemical screening, and proximate test (nutritional content) The results of the organoleptic test showed that respondents preferred a formula containing ginger (500 g), alang-alang root (200 g), galangal (100 g,) and palm sugar (200 g). Phytochemical screening showed each component (ginger, galangal, alang-alang, palm sugar, and the developed formula) was positive for flavonoids and alkaloids. Only ginger was positive for tannins, all negative components were steroids/triterpenoids and only galangal was positive for saponins. Carbohydrate, protein, fat, moisture, and ash contents were 4.49%, 4.38%, 3.95%, 47.68%, and 9.76%. The results showed that a functional herbal drink made from palm sugar and spices has health benefits and the potential to be a functional drink.


Objective To discuss the clinical value of treatment to patients with refractory pneumonia by bronchofiberscopy bronchoalveolar lavage and injection.Methods Select 32 patients with refractory pneumonia in pneumology department of our hospital as treatment group.Then choose 22 other patients with refractory pneumonia as control group.Patients in treatment group received bronchofiberscopy bronchoalveolar lavage and injection in addition to normal regimen.compare outcomes of the two groups.Results In treatment group,hospital stays were significantly shorter and treatment costs were lower than that in control group.While effective rate of the patients in treatment group was much higher without complications.Conclusion Bronchofiberscopy bronchoalveolar lavage and injection are effective way to treat patients with Refractory pneumonia and have practical clinical value.


Italy, as well as other numerous regions of the earth, is unfortunately, familiar with natural disaster phenomena which resulted, in the period between 1996 and 2016, approximately one thousands of deaths and over 50 Billion of Euro of damage (ANIA). The problem of reducing the risk associated with this kind of events is a topic addressed by many international politicians, scientists and technicians. Seldom, the perception and the preparedness of citizens to implement risk reduction solutions is studied as a key element of differentiation among phases of natural catastrophic events.


Cirina forda and Rhyncophorus phoenicis are widely consumed insects in tropical Africa. Drying is one of the main conservation techniques to improve the availability of these insects, which are harvested seasonally in the wild. The main goal of this study was to investigate the sorption isotherms and to estimate the shelf-life of these two dried insects. Sorption isotherms were determined at 25, 30, 40 and 50 °C by using dynamic vapour sorption. Amongst five isotherm sorption models that were selected to fit the experimental data, Peleg's equation was found to give the best fit for both insect species. It was observed that all insects exhibited type III sorption isotherms, indicating monolayer-multilayer behaviour with a progressively decreasing biding energy as the number of layers rises. Using the Heiss-Eichner model, dry base initial moisture contents of 8 and 7%, are proposed for C. forda and R. phoenicis respectively. These conditions ensure a shelf-life of 12 months at 30 °C when insects are packaged in polyethylene films.


Introduction: Over the last decade, the cyclin D1 (CCND1) c.870G>A polymorphism has been variously reported to confer risk for a large number of cancers. Deregulation of a D-group cyclin is a key feature of multiple myeloma (MM). Previously published meta-analysis shown a relationship between CCND1 c.870G>A and risk of t(11;14) in MM (Wienhold, 2013). Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (AlloSCT) is a potential curative treatment for MM patients. There are no data with regard to the role of CCND1 c.870G>A polymorphism in stem cells donors and outcome of transplantation in MM patients. Methods: In this study we developed an endonuclease restriction method to identify CCND1 c.870G>A polymorphism. Directly Sanger sequencing were used to confirm the results. Results: At first, we analyzed 130 MM patients and 100 healthy donors as a control. CCND1 c.870G>A polymorphism was strongly associated with the t(11;14)(q13;q32) (P A polymorphism 55 pairs of MM patients and their allogeneic stem cell donors, retrospectively. Interestingly, c.870G-genotype in related and unrelated donors was statistically correlated with poor outcome after AlloSCT (P Conclusion: Our data suggest the published data that constitutive genetic factor (CCND1 c.870 G>A polymorphism) is associated with a specific chromosomal translocation in patients with MM. Despite the fact that our group of patients after AlloSCT is small, we found a statistical association between the c.870G-genotype in donor and a poor prognosis after transplantation. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


We conducted four greenhouse and field experiments on the evaluation of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethrel), estrone, dimethylarsinic acid, and 2,3-dichloroisobutyrate (FW-450) as male gametocides on sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.). Estrone induced a significant amount of pollen sterility in three genotype-treatment combinations, but the amount of emasculation was not sufficient or consistent enough to be of practical value. Dimethylarsinic acid had no gametocidal effect. FW-450 effected the greatest amount of pollen sterility, but was considered inadequate as a commercial gametocide. Ethrel induced varying amounts of pollen sterility, dependent upon genotype. At 200 ppm it was phytotoxic and reduced seed yield drastically. It is doubtful that Ethrel will be useful as a gametocide in sugarbeet.


OBJECTIVES
Aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with different rheumatic diseases.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Patients with rheumatic disease, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematodes (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and Vasculitis were included. OHRQoL was assessed with the German short form of oral health impact profile (OGIP G14). Age, disease duration, leukocytes, c-reactive protein (CRP) and hemoglobin counts were considered as disease related parameters.

RESULTS
A total of 356 patients, assigned to the groups RA (n=218), SLE (n=36), AS (n=36), PsA (n=33), Vasculitis (n=19) and SSc (n=14) were included. The OHIP G14 sub-scale psychosocial impact differed significantly between groups (p=0.02). The OHIP G14 sum score was also significantly different between groups (p<0.01). A medium sized correlation was found for CRP with OHIP G14 sum score within SLE group (r=0.344, p=0.04). A large correlation was detected for Leukocytes within PsA group (r=0.525, p<0.01). The reliability of the applied OHIP G14 was high.

CONCLUSION
Patients with rheumatic disease show a reduced OHRQoL, with several differences between the entities. Psychosocial aspects appear to be of relevance and should be considered in multidisciplinary dental care of these patients.


Aim: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with breast cancer being the most commonly occurring cancer in women. In Poland and in most of the other European countries, breast cancer constitutes 21% of all cancer cases. The aetiology of breast cancer has not yet been fully determined. Early detection offers a better chance of cure.
Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 23 female patients from the breast cancer support group at the Specialist Hospital in Radom. The patients underwent rehabilitation. The study used a research tool in the form of a survey developed by the authors, which helped collect sociodemographic and health data. The data were statistically analysed and the presence of statistically significant differences was checked with a chi-squared test. The results were presented as a proportion (%) of the study group.
Results: The results of the study show that rehabilitation had a significant impact on the quality of life. Study patients described the physical therapy they received during and after hospitalisation as excellent.
Conclusions: Breast cancer patients should undergo physical therapy and rehabilitation both before and after surgery.


Environmentally and biologically important organoarsenicals such as arsenobetaine, arsenocholine, arsenosugars, and the tetramethylarsonium ion do not form volatile hydrides on treatment with sodium borohydride, even though hydride generation is a commonly used analytical technique for arsenic. Consequently, it has been difficult to determine the concentration of these so called "hidden" arsenicals. To this end a method has been developed in which all arsenicals are decomposed completely to arsenate by using microwave oven heated solutions of potassium persulfate and sodium hydroxide. A portable hydride generator is described. Radioactive tracer studies show that fast reactions and high efficiencies (95%) are achieved by using the new generator. A system which combines flow injection analysis, on-line microwave oven digestion, the new hydride generator, and atomic absorption spectrometry (FIA/MD/HGAAS) is developed and shown to be capable of differentiating arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid (MMAA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) from the "hidden" organoarsenic compounds such as arsenobetaine which are usually present in crab, shrimp, and other crustaceans. This system is capable of performing analysis at a sample throughput of 100-120 per hour. Calibration curves are linear from 5 to 200 ng mH of arsenic and the detection limit is 0.5 ng mH for 100 \Ll injection (0.05 ng of arsenic). The system can be coupled to a high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and used as a detector for arsenic speciation studies. An alternative system coupling HPLC to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS) is also investigated for the speciation of arsenicals commonly present in the environmental and biological systems. The analytical methods developed are successfully used to study the arsenicals present in marine animals, seaweeds, and human urine. Following human ingestion of crab and shrimp, which contain arsenobetaine as the major arsenic species, a fast urinary excretion of unchanged arsenobetaine is observed. No difference is found in either the


This research was conducted to find out how the level of profitability by using the ratio of ROA (Return on Asset), ROE (Return on Equity), BOPO (Operating Expenses to Operating Income), and NPM (Net Profit Margin) to PT. BNI Syariah bank. The type of data used is secondary data obtained by the documentation method taken from the BNI Syariah bank publication report during the period 2013-2017. This research was conducted using the 2013-2017 financial statements, namely the balance sheet and income statement. based on profitability analysis, it can be seen that ROA experienced fluctuations from 2013 to 2017, as seen from the five year ROA which ha decreased in 2017. Then ROE and NPM for five years, the results show an increasing percentage, with the highest percentage in 2017. And BOPO which fluctuated with the highest percentage in 2014 and the lowest in 2016. The result shows that the level of bank profitability is not stable enough and efficient in carrying out the company's operations.


We study the properties of excited charmonium states near the confinement string breaking region using a screened confinement potential. Recent data on e+e−→ΛcΛc and e+e−→J/ψππ are discussed. We find that, in this energy region, S and D states became almost degenerated with a narrow width. The measure of these states can contribute to a more accurate knowledge of the confinement interaction.


The invention relates to a device for reproducing and / or video camera comprising means (13) for transmitting and processing an audio signal and / or video from a first signal source (15), wherein a receiving device and processing a signal from a signal generator (1), forming a second signal source, the means (13) for transmitting and processing an audio signal and / or video of the first signal source being coupled to the receiving and processing device of the signal generator signal, and in that, if necessary, the audio playback device and / or video receives the signal generator signal (1), which induces a modification sensitive audio signal and / or video of the first signal source (15).


Abstract The energy transfer from the upper triplet states of diphenylamine, naphthalene and triphenylene to toluene and hexene-1 is studed. Two mechanisms of dissipation transferred energy in solvents are discussed.


A highly accurate roundness measuring instrument and the calibration system of its probe were developed. The international round robin comparison of form measurement organized by the CIRP was carried out from 1996 to 1998. The measuring results obtained by using this instrument and system correspond satisfactory to the results by PTB with very small measurement uncertainty. For example, the obtained roundness of zerodur sphere with 50 mm diameter is about 179 nm with 9 nm (k=2) in uncertainty of measurement, while the corresponding result by PTB is 184nm and 10nm respectively.


Implementing topological superconductivity (TSC) and Majorana states (MSs) is one of the most significant and challenging tasks in both fundamental physics and topological quantum computations. In this work, taking the obstructed atomic insulator (OAI) Nb 3 Br 8 , s-wave superconductor (SC) NbSe 2 and ferromagnetic insulator (FMI) as example, we propose a new setup to realize the 2D chiral TSC and MSs in the OAI/SC/FMI heterostructure, which could avoid the subband problem effectively and has the advantage of huge Rashba spin-orbit coupling. As a result, the TSC phase can be stabilized in a wide region of chemical potential and Zeeman field, and four distinct TSC phases with superconducting Chern number N = − 1 , − 2 , − 3 , 3 can be achieved. Moreover, a 2D BdG Hamiltonian based on the triangular lattice of obstructed Wannier charge centers, combined with the s-wave superconductivity paring and Zeeman field, is constructed to understand the whole topological phase diagram analytically. These results expand the application of OAIs and pave a new way to realize the TSC and MSs with unique advantages.


Background: Cooperative learning activities provide active participation of students leading to better learning. The literature suggests that cooperative learning activities need to be structured for a more effective and productive interaction. Purpose: This study aimed to test the differences among three instructional conditions in terms of science achievement. Sample: A total of 79 fifth-grade students, 42 males (53%) and 37 females (47%), participated in the study. Design and Methods: In the first condition, students answered the teacher's questions individually by raising hands. In the second condition, students discussed the answer in groups and came up with a single group answer. In this condition, the teacher provided only verbal directions to the groups without using any strategy or material. In the third condition, students used a 'peer assessment form' before giving the group answer. A pre-/post-test experimental design was used. Multiple-choice and open-ended tests were used for data collection. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to test the differences in the test scores between the three groups (individual answer, unstructured group answer and structured group answer). Results: Results showed that there were no significant differences among the three learning conditions in terms of their multiple-choice test scores. In terms of the open-ended test scores, students in the structured group answer condition scored significantly higher than the students in the individual answer condition. Conclusions: Structuring the group work through peer assessment helped to monitor the group discussion, provided a better learning compared to the individual answer condition, and helped students to participate in the activity equally.


Aim The aim of this study was to explore health professionals' perceptions of the impact of noise on communication in the operating room. Sample and setting Health professionals working in the operating room at a tertiary, affiliated, major referral hospital in northern Australia were recruited using purposive sampling. Method Semi-structured interviews were undertaken using an exploratory qualitative design to explore health professionals' perceptions of communication and the impact of noise in the operating room. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.


The nuclear Equation of State and the density dependence of the asymmetry energy have been explored via heavy-ion collisions of 35 MeV/nucleon Zn,Ni+Zn and Zn+Zn,Ni. The experimental data were collected on the NIMROD-ISiS (Neutron-Ion Multidetector for Reaction Oriented Dynamics with Indiana Silicon Sphere) 4π charged particle detector array coupled with the TAMU Neutron Ball at the Texas A&M University Cyclotron Institute which provides excellent isotopic resolution, event characterization and coverage of charged particles along with eventby-event measurement of neutron multiplicities. The nature of isospin equilibration was examined via the use of the iBUU04 transport model and the Constrained Molecular Dynamics (CoMD) model coupled with the GEMINI statistical decay model. Both models provided insight into the nature of the heavy-ion collisions studied but both models must also be better understood in order to replicate the effects seen in the experimental data. An improved method of experimental impact parameter determination was demonstrated with the CoMD results. Experimental measurements of the isoscaling parameter α, isobaric yield ratio for the A=3 isobar and reconstructed quasi-projectile isospin asymmetry were conducted with respect to the centrality of the collision. A new signature of isospin equilibration was proposed and observed in the experimental data: convergence of the quasiprojectile and quasi-target isospin asymmetries to each other as the interaction time increases. Finally, a direct comparison was made to previous works and found that the reaction systems studied experienced an isospin equilibration of approximately 75%.


A number of authors have enriched Nash's original bargaining problem through the introduction of an additional point, which we call a salient point. When the salient point is restricted to lie in the bargaining set, it is interpreted as a reference point, the outcome, perhaps, of a bargain from an earlier period. When restricted to lie outside the bargaining set, it is interpreted as a claim on the resources being shared. Here we remove the restriction that the salient point must lie either in or outside the bargaining set to obtain a new model we call the Bargaining Problem with a Salient Point. We propose and axiomatically characterize a solution for this bargaining problem. It generalizes Chun and Thomson's (1992) Proportional solution to problems in which the salient point lies in the bargaining set. When utility is transferable, our solution can be interpreted as a compromise between the Kalai Smorodinsky solution and the weighted (according to the salient point) Nash Bargaining solution.


A new contraceptive patch A new contraceptive patch, Ortho Evra®, has been approved in the US and should be ready for European approval later this year. The once-aweek transdermal patch should improve compliance. It adds to the selection of safe, effective and convenient contraceptives presently available. Transdermal hormonal delivery systems have been used effectively by women as hormone replacement therapy for many years. The patch may provide an alternative to contraceptive injections, implants and oral contraception, particularly in women who are unreliable pills users. Although cost may be an important issue in prescribing, if compliance is increased and unintended pregnancies reduced it may well be a costeffective option.


The relationship between the Schottky barrier height and nitrogen–vacancy-related defects in Ti alloyed Ohmic contacts to n-type GaN (n-GaN) has been investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. It is shown that the alloyed Ohmic behavior of the contacts can be attributed to the presence of a large number of nitrogen–vacancy-related defects and not to the formation of lower barriers at the annealed Ti/n-GaN interface. The large number of interface states, related to the nitrogen–vacancy defects has led to the pinning of the Fermi level at 0.5 eV below the conduction-band edge, and has left the GaN surface very heavily n type, thereby forming a tunneling junction.


Nozzle-cooled BrCl was excited with tunable laser radiation at selected wavelengths between 389 and 500 nm. The chlorine atomic fragments in their Cl*(2P1/2) and Cl(2P3/2) state were stated-selectively probed by resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization. The branching ratio (Cl*/(Cl + Cl*)) was measured as a function of the excitation wavelength. The relative Cl* yield reaches a maximum at around λphot = 460 nm. Decomposition of these branching ratios into Cl and Cl* photofragment yield spectra provides insight into the BrCl B-state 3П(0+) non-adiabatic dissociation dynamics. Our results suggest that the dissociation mechanism involves non-adiabatic transitions among 0+ potential energy curves.


Suspender for a brush cutter maintains part 42 in a stopper member 45 is inserted into the holding part to the hook member 43 is fixed a hook, a hook held in the engaged state of the hook member to the holding portion. When pressing the stopper member downwardly, and the elastic piece 72 attached to the hook member pressing, deforms and opens a hook part of the hook member elastically.


Yes. The authors have identified 40 obesity related loci, based on a review of genome-wide association studies that were conducted mainly using Caucasian adults. In six cases, genetically linked proxy SNPs were chosen to allow a multiplexed assay design. Association was tested in 2030 unrelated Chinese children, who were previously recruited in two cross-sectional studies preformed in Beijing. Obese or overweight participants were identified using ageand sex-specific BMI percentiles. Logistic and linear regression was used to identify SNPs associated with the weight classification and BMI standard deviation score, respectively. Of the 32 SNPs that passed quality control, 6 showed nominal association (P<0.05) with childhood obesity, of which 2 showed association at a more stringent threshold reflecting multiple testing (P<0.00156).


ABSTRACT We have investigated the interaction of the uncommonly large periplasmic P2 loop of the MalF subunit of the maltose ATP-binding cassette transporter (MalFGK2) from Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium with maltose binding protein (MalE) by site-specific chemical cross-linking in the assembled transport complex. We focused on possible distance changes between two pairs of residues of the P2 loop and MalE during the transport cycle. The distance between MalF(S205C) and MalE(T80C) (∼5 Å) remained unchanged under all conditions tested. Cross-linking did not affect the ATPase activity of the complex. The distance between MalF(T177C) and MalE(T31C) changed from ∼10 Å to ∼5 Å upon binding of ATP (or maltose, with a less pronounced result) and was reset to ∼10 Å after hydrolysis of one ATP. A cross-link (∼25 Å) between MalF(S205C) and MalE(T31C) was observed only when the transporter resided in a transition state-like conformation, as was the case after vanadate trapping or in a binding protein-independent mutant, both of which are characterized by tight binding of unliganded MalE to the transporter. Thus, we propose that the observed cross-link is indicative of catalytic intermediates of the transporter. Together, our results strengthen the notion that the MalF P2 loop plays an important role in intersubunit communication. In particular, this loop is involved in keeping MalE in close contact with the transporter. The data are discussed with respect to a crystal structure and current transport models.


Housing types depend on the relationship between human needs and the environment. They are variable and complex due to humans' different lifestyles and environmental conditions. What distinguishes them is not the constituent parts; rather, it is the logic of the spatial arrangement of the components, which varies based on the time, place and way of residence and represents the cultural, economic and climatic characteristics of the residence method. Identifying and preserving the heritage of rural architecture help us to preserve national historical assets and apply the long-established principles remaining from the past eras to new physical forms via discovering the mysteries, signs and symbols hidden in these assets. Vernacular housing types, especially in rural areas, are strongly influenced by their surrounding environment. Therefore, discussing the housing typology of each region requires an understanding of the context, location and rural fabric of that region. Developed via field measurements, observations and library research, this article is the result of the study of vernacular housing samples from 20 selected villages in Sistan using the descriptive-analytical research methodology. This study sought to classify and introduce the physical characteristics of vernacular housing in Sistan in terms of the formation of open and closed spaces. The approach of this research was the typology of spatial organization of Sistan vernacular housing in terms of open and closed space formation. The research sought to answer the question that whether the types of Sistan vernacular housing can be classified into different types with similarities in terms of outdoor and indoor design. The results showed that Sistan has special climatic conditions, and its social and livelihood structure has led to formation of unique housing architecture types. These types include basal, linear, L-shaped, U-shaped, central courtyard and kiosk. Given that recent constructions in the rural areas of Sistan are being modeled after urban housing, promotion of these house types can help revitalize vernacular rural housing in Sistan.


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In the quest to improve on some properties of aluminum alloy for better engineering application, eggshell particulate was used to reinforce the alloy at various percentages in this research. The reinforcement was carried out at a superheated temperature of 700°C in order to have homogenous mixture prior to casting. Micro hardness, impact and microstructure were evaluated. It was observed that eggshell particulates has positive impact on the mechanical properties of aluminum with sample X2 reinforced with 4% eggshell particulate possessing the highest hardness value of 187.1 Hv in comparison with the control sample Xo showing the least value of 100.7 Hv. The impact result complemented the hardness results with samples X1 and X2 reinforced with 2% and 4% respectively of eggshell particulates exhibiting the highest impact value of 4.7 J each. This thus indicates that eggshell particulate can be considered as an alternative reinforcing agent in improving the mechanical properties of aluminum 6063. The particulate however dampens the corrosion resistance of Al6063 to deterioration in saline environment with the control sample Xo showing the least corrosion rate (0.15711 mpy), corrosion density (−0.012211 A/cm) and the highest corrosion potential (0.99186 V). Thus, indicating that the material is not recommended for use in such environment. However, more percentage of the particulates is recommended in order to affirm the optimum ratio to which Al6063 would yield better properties.


Objective To determine the effect of reducing the value of mA or kV on the image quality and the radiation dose of the patients undergoing low-dose spiral CT for orthodontics.Methods Thirty patients were divided into three groups,each group has 10 patients.They were group 1(80 kV and 200 mA),group 2 (120 kV and 80 mA),group 3(120 kV and 200 mA)The volume CT dose index(CTDI)was recorded and the average dose-length produce(DLP)was calculated in three groups,respectively.Image quality of three groups were compared and scored by two radiologists,and the results were statistically analysed.Results The CTDI among three groups in diagnostic image quality.Conclusions Low-dose spiral CT for orthodontics,especially the low-kV scan,may decrease the radiation exposure and guarantee the image quality.

Key words:
Orthodontics; Tomography; X-ray computed; Image processing; Radiation dosage


The "Lemon" problem is the embodiment of asymmetric information.Internet commercial market with its unique virtual and open character has many advantages.But,at the same time,it has serious shortcomings.From the perspective of economics,the paper explains the "lemon" phenomenon in the network market transactions.By using the tools of game theory,the thesis discusses a solution that how to effectively solve this problem in e-commerce.


The study was conducted in two parts. The first part was on abundance of Aedes mosquitoes at Agricultural Conservatory Park (ACP) of Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) and its surrounding areas that include Pine Plantation, Rubber Plantation and Faculty of Design and Architecture, from January to September, 2010. Larvitrap method was used to study the population of Aedes larvae and eggs. Twenty ovitraps were set at predetermined spots in each location and collected after five days on alternating week basis. Larvitrap density Index (LTDI) (number of larvae per trap/number of trap/positive trap x 100%)), larval density (mean number of larvae per ovitrap) and eggs density (egg/paddle) for all study sites were compared using SPSS v. 17. Climatic conditions such as rainfall, temperature and relative humidity of the sites were also recorded. The LTDI showed that, the abundance of Aedes ranged from 26.50% - 98.42% and the larval density ranged from 5.20 ± 2.63 – 19.50 ± 2.80; while the eggs density ranged from 2.95 ± 1.67 - 20.05 ± 4.65. There was no significant difference in both larval and egg populations between the first three sites (p > 0.05). However, there was significant difference between Faculty of Design and Architecture and the other three sites (p < 0.05). The studies indicated significant correlation between LTDI, larval density and eggs density in all the four sites. The study also indicated significant correlation between Aedes population with rainfall (r = 0.796, p < 0.01); while the relationship between the Aedes population with temperature was weak (r = -0.409, p < 0.01). The correlation was also significant between Aedes population with relative humidity (r = 0.546, p < 0.01). The population showed downward trend from January, 2010 and reaches its lowest point sometimes in March, 2010 before it rise again and attained its peak around July and August, 2010 after which it showed another downward trend again. Both the LTDI and larval density showed almost identical trend and had also shown significant correlation. No Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were captured in the study areas. The duration of larval development of Ae. albopictus at UPM Agricultural Conservatory Park was 11.9 ± 0.54; at Rubber Plantatio 10.8 ± 0.74; Pine Plantation 11.4 ± 0.68 and Faculty of Design and Arcitecture 12.7 ± 0.82. The second part of the study was on collection and recording species of spiders in the same study areas and prey preference test. Collection was done based on man's effort method (number of individual collected per man per hour). Total of eight species from five families were collected. These include four species (Plexippus petersi, Evarcha flavocincta, Viciria pavesii and Hasarius adansoni) from the family Salticidae; Tetragnatha mandibulata from the family Tetragnathidae; Chryosso species from the family Theridiidae;Oxyopes species from the family Oxyopidae and lastly, Cyrtophora beccarii from the family Araneidae. Two species of Salticidae, Plexippus petersi and Evarcha flavocincta were chosen for a test of prey preference. The test spiders were maintained in captivity on diet of early stage larvae of Tenebrio molitor (mealworm beetle) and midges, Chironomus sp. For testing, adult mosquito species (Aedes albopictus), fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) and rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) were used as prey. Two types of tests using living prey were employed, i.e.simultaneous-presentation tests (two types of prey provided at the same time) and alternate-day tests (different types of prey provided on successive days). Analysis by Chi-square t-Test Goodness of Fit and Mc Nemar test with level of significance at α = 0.05 revealed that, well-fed (last meal 7 days before testing) and starved (last meal 14 days before testing) test spiders of each species took Ae. Albopictus mosquito more often than other insects in both alternate-day and simultaneous-presentation tests (p < 0.05). It was found that, the preference of Plexippus petersi for Ae. albopictus mosquito over other insects offered is weaker than that of Evarcha flavocincta. There was similar preference by both test spiders when well-fed and starved. Ae. albopictus was observed to predominate over Ae. aegypti as the later was not found in either of the study sites. The two species of spider (Plexippus petersi and Evarcha flavocincta) found to be potential predators of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes.


Aerosols influence the radiative budget of the Earth-atmosphere system directly by scattering and absorbing solar and thermal infrared radiation, and indirectly by modifying the microphysical, and hence the radiative properties and lifetimes of clouds. However, the quantification of aerosol radiative effects is complex and large uncertainties still exist, mainly due to the high spatial and temporal variation of the aerosol concentration and mass, as well as their relatively short lifetime in the atmosphere. The clear-sky direct aerosol radiative effect at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is defined as the difference between the net solar flux ∆FTOA (difference between downward and upward fluxes) defined with (F) and without (F0) aerosols. The negative values of ∆FTOA correspond to planetary cooling, whereas positive values correspond to increased atmospheric warming.


In this paper we address the issue of grounding for experiential concepts. Given that perceptual demonstratives are a basic form of such concepts, we examine ways of fixing the referents of such demonstratives. To avoid 'encodingism', that is, relating representations to representatio ns, we postulate that the process of reference fixing must be bottom-up and nonconceptual, so that it can break the circle of conceptual content and touch the world. For that purpose, an appropriate causal relation between representations and the world is needed. We claim that this relation is provided by spatial and object-centered attention that leads to the formation of objectfiles through the function of deictic acts. This entire causal process takes place at a pre-conceptual level, meeting the requirement for a solution to the grounding problem. Finally we claim that our account captures fundamental insights in Putnam's and Kripke's work on "new" reference.


Trust is called the basic or the fundamental value and absolutely important. This paper mainly focused on to assess the Fundamental Value of Trust in relationship among the under graduate students. A total no. of 45(28male and 17 female)students were selected at graduation level getting technical education and are academically good scholars to find out their opinion on the necessity of trust in any relationship as well as to know their opinion about role of physical facilities to fulfill the needs of relationship. A questionnaire was made to know their opinion and appropriate statistical hypothesis test over was performed to interpret the data. The significant difference was observed i.e. 57.14% and 94.12% for male and female respectively. Near to same opinion was observed for the role of physical facilities to fulfill the relation with the value of 32.14% for males and 47.06% for females. As per real factors both male and female are having same potential and competence. Which directly or indirectly shows that males should be more sensible and required more awareness to make harmony at all four levels of individual, family, society and Nature.


anatomic7 improvement, have been published, but to date an assessment of the quality of life (QOL) after catheter treatment has not been done. In this issue of the Journal, Darocha et al report on their study of the benefit of BPA.8 They used the 36-item Short Form (SF-36v2) questionnaire, which evaluates QOL on 8 scales: physical functioning (PF), role-physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), role-emotional (RE) and mental health (MH). The appropriate scales combined into groups summarize 4 parameters for evaluating the physical sphere (physical component summary: PCS) and 4 parameters for evaluating the mental sphere (mental component summary: MCS). However, this grouping is not acknowledged in Japan because of social differences. As another way of evaluating QOL, the 6-min walk test (6MWT) was performed. After enrolling 25 patients with CTEPH, these tests were done before and after BPA, and the scores were compared. C hronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is caused by occlusion and/or thrombi of the pulmonary arteries with organized thrombi, resulting in reduced pulmonary artery flow and compensatory PH to drain pulmonary flow normally. Although CTEPH is sometimes a sequela of acute pulmonary embolus, it is more prevalent that thrombus organization in the pulmonary arteries progresses more insidiously and induces chronic PH states like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), especially in Japan. Usually, CTEPH advances very slowly but tends to aggravate more rapidly when it becomes more serious. The prognosis is not so bad when mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) is <30 mmHg, but it is very grave when mPAP is >30 mmHg.1 Regarding treatment, the gold standard has long been surgical pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), in which the mortality rate has been >5% and 20–40% of affected patients cannot undergo the treatment.2,3 Catheter treatment with balloon (balloon pulmonary angioplasty: BPA) was started in early 2000,4 has been improved,5 developed rapidly and now established as a safe and effective treatment.6 Reports on the effects of this treatment, such as hemodynamic6 and Article p 552


A record of financial service to Belgium during the period of occupation by the German armies is presented in the Annual Reports of the National Bank of Belgium and the Soeiete Generaie de Belgique for 1918. The following discussion is based largely on the reports of the two leading Belgian institutions, supplemented by data drawn from several contemporary sources. Belgium's liberation from German domination makes it possible for the banks to tell the story of their struggle with the enemy, in which, despite overwhelming odds, the banks were able to stand their ground. When the war broke out financial commotion bordering on panic manifested itself in Belgium. In this emergency the banks joined forces by forming, under the leadership of the Societe Generaie, a bank syndicate with a capital of 100,000,000 francs. The National Bank of Belgium agreed to discount the joint organization's paper after the creation of a guarantee fund of 400,000,000 francs in securities. This action b} the Belgian banks put a temporary stop to the panic, but the German invasion continued, and soon Brussels was in the hands of the Germans. One of the principal objectives of the German financial commission which followed the army of occupation was to secure the gold and securities of the National Bank of Belgium, the country's bank of issue. In fact, the German military between August 10 and September 2 had seized a total of 8,515,000 francs at the bank's branch offices at Hasselt, LiSge, Dinant, Mons, and Ath. Warned by these seizures, the head office of the bank avoided a similar experience by sending its metallic reserve amounting to about 300,000,000 francs, its securities, supply of notes, and plates, for safekeeping to Antwerp, and. thence, before Antwerp fell into the hands of the enemy, to the Bank of England. As a result of this precaution the bank's treasure was saved, but the bank was no. longer able to supply the country with currency and was facing a very serious situation. It issued 200,000,000 francs of emergency notes ("billets de compte courant'), but this issue was soon exhausted. The German authorities demanded the return of the notes and plates from London, and, in order to gain time, the National Bank


This paper presents a system model based on value propagation that can describe a multi-fault mode of system behavior and redefines the notion of diagnosis. The relation between consistency (abductive)-based diagnosis and value-propagation-based diagnosis is discussed. In addition, the relation between value propagation and the actual diagnosis has been analyzed. On the basis of the value propagation model, an algorithm for finding a minimal diagnosis is proposed. This algorithm need not compute the minimal conflicts and provides a reasonable interpretation for the minimal diagnosis. In addition, we present a method for repairing a faulty system by integrating diagnoses and tests.


In general, the bookmen recognize that the best medium of bringing the merits of their material to the attention of the school people is the textbook sample, and that there is no substitute for it in the practices of the business. The Association appreciates that one of the specific responsibilities of the superintendent is the selection of textbooks. Also it realizes that the superintendent must :rely upon the judgment and advice of his principals, supervisors, and teachers. ConsequentIy, samples are essential if this judgment and selection is to be a sound one. However, the present period of increased costs plus the rising tempo of turnover of teaching personnel have brought the question of samples more sharply into focus. The Association hopes that the school people will request samples only when the im1Mdillte possibility of an order or 1Idoption is pending. There is a growing tendency on the part of some teachers to ask for sample copies for classroom or personal libraries with no object of purchase in view. In some cases we know that lavish sampling on the part of bookmen has encouraged this, but it constitutes a serious problem reeardless of where the responsibility lies. We feel that it is reasonable, when requests are made for sample copies, that publishers or their representatives should knou: the official posilion' of the person making the reouest; and whether the request has the sanction of the proper school authorities, and whether there is a serious intention to examine the samples with a view to recommending a purchase. Another problem is the practice of reproducing copyrighted material. Most teachers appreciate the principle involved, but each succeeding generatiou of teachers needs some measure of education in this matter. No better statement can be found than the one that appears on page 197 of the Thirtieth Yearbook (Part II) published by the N.S.S.E. We reproduce it here with the permission of the society. "There is also a practice of frequent occurrence among teachers which violates the principle of copyright as applied to textbook material. This is the practice of multigraphing sections of textbook material or lists of textbook exercises for distribution to members of'a class. The obvious outcome and injustice of such practice is the denial of suitable recompense to the author for time and labor devoted to the preparation of his book and to the publisher for the investment required for the manufacture and distribution of the book. It does not seem unreasonable ... to expect teachers to recognize the property rights of other teachers, if the purpose and significance of the copyright law are generally understood."


The US banking sector is consolidating at a rapid pace. After peaking just under 14,500 in the early 1980s, the number of domestic commercial banks declined to 9,216 by the end of 1997. In 1997 alone, these institutions decreased in number by 359 (4%), capping a period going back to 1992 in which the number of US banks fell by almost 2,300 (20%). At the same time, commercial banking is becoming more concentrated at the national level: the fifty largest bank holding companies held 66% of total domestic commercial banking assets in 1997, compared with 48% in 1987. Alternatively, the largest 1% of banking institutions (about 170 in number) held just over three-quarters of total deposits, up from almost exactly one half held in 1984 (by about 300 in number).


Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. Poor regeneration after hepatectomy in NAFLD is well recognized, but the mechanism is unclear. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in the development of NAFLD. Here, we show that an impaired ER stress response contributes to poor liver regeneration in partially hepatectomized mice.


Multinational corporations like Amazon play important role in socio-economic development of the capitalist countries like the United States. The study aims to identify and analyze the problems and issues faced by the Amazon employees. It is found that the Amazon's work environment consists of harsh working conditions, excessive productivity quotas, and screening methods that put its employees at risk with serious consequences for their safety and well-being. Guided by media testimonies and published reports, the work presents one of the first detailed and balanced reports of human rights issues at the Amazon. It is suggested that to protect workers' rights the legislators and government agencies must develop and enforce robust workplace safety regulations. Also, by facilitating the Amazon workers form unions, a right granted by the International Labour Organization and the US Constitution, and guaranteeing the role of humans (and not machines) in employee terminations several human right issues can be resolved before reaching courts.


This article is a reprint of the original published in the journal Ezelsoren, Bulletin of the Institute of History of Art, Architecture and Urbanism (IHAAU) of the Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). It appeared in Volume III, Number 3, 2012 and is, as indicated in the text, a sample of how far "the very extensive number of buildings constructed since the beginning of  industrialization in relation to many technical purposes, from railway stations to slaughterhouses, from power plants to coal mines, haven´t been  sufficiently studied in relation to their ornamental and sculptural systems, which in turn represent the reaction of the arts to the course of technological development." An artistic material still largely unexplored whose wealth is  waiting to be unveiled as an eloquent field of interpretation of the past.


A Comparative Analysis Of Various Alternative Energy Futures For Franklin County, Massachusetts For the Year 2000 A.D. September, 1982 Francis Paul Roster, B.A., State University of New York at Old Westbury M.Ed., Ed.D, School of Education, University of Massachusetts Directed by: Professor Peter Wagschal Traditional sources of energy (coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear) for the United States are examined, and assessment made about their present and future availability and cost. This examination reveals serious constraints on further dependence on traditional sources. A survey of public opinion research reveals that this situation is not believed by significant numbers of Americans in spite of nearly ten years of public discussion. The author concludes that there must be a fault in the way the information is presented. A review of how people respond to warnings is undertaken which reveals that an effective warning contains certain elements. The necessary elements are:


In order to identify TRAP and SRAP markers linked to yield components under drought stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a segregating F4 population from the cross between drought-sensitive (Yecora Rojo) and drought-tolerant (Pavon 76) genotypes was generated. The parents and 150 F4 families were evaluated phenotypically for drought tolerance using two irrigation treatments [2.5 and 7.5 m 3 (H2O) m -2 (soil)]. The polymorphism among parental genotypes and F4 families were tested using 40 and 98 different TRAP and SRAP primer combinations, respectively. The results revealed that ten of fourteen TRAP and nine of nineteen SRAP markers are linked to the agronomic traits and can be introduced as new markers. The 14 TRAP markers were assigned to chromosomes 2A, 4A, 5A, 1B, 3B, 6B and 2D. The 19 SRAP markers were assigned to chromosomes 2A, 4A, 5A, 7A, 1B, 2B, 3B, 1D and 3D. Results also showed that all of the QTLs had a positive additive effect on agronomic traits, indicating contribution of alleles by the tolerant parent 'Pavon76'. QTLs for the six agronomic traits was associated with above mentioned markers and explained from 5 to 42 % of the phenotypic variation for all the agronomic traits. The genetic distance ranged from 10.1 to 38.1 cM. Therefore, the TRAP and SRAP markers linked to the QTL for the drought tolerance can be further used in breeding for drought tolerance in wheat.


If one idea or concept appears in consciousness, for whatever reason, other ideas or concepts related to it in meaning will also tend to appear.... With respect to communicative products- for example, a folktale-it should be possible to find out, by appropriate analysis of the greater-than-chance contingency of units in the products he emits, what ideas (in this case motifs or component parts of motifs) tend to go together in the thinking of the informant. By way of illustration, a much higher than chance association was revealed between the notion of writing and the devil in Cheremis [Mari] folktales-an insight which is as revealing as it was unexpected (Sebeok 1959:134).In his content analysis of the folktales of Russia's Mari people, Thomas Sebeok remarked a high degree of correlation between writing and the Devil, but offered no speculation as to how these two ideas might be "related in meaning," as he suggested they are. This essay expands on Sebeok's observation by exploring the meaningful relationship between the Devil and writing, and by noting that this relationship is not restricted to Mari folklore, but can be found in folk narrative collected across Europe and beyond.In oral tradition, the Devil is frequently found in connection with books, lists, letters, inscriptions, and indelible marks left on the environment from which stories can be "read"-but the most notorious of diabolic documents is the Devil's pact. This motif may be traced to the Bible, in which the idea of a covenant with God, central to the Old and New Testaments, suggests the possibility of a corresponding pact with God's opponent, just as the blood sacrifice, of animals or of Christ, could be understood as inspiration for the blood signature (Roos 1972:43-4; Allen 1985:19). The earliest recorded account of a human being entering into a written pact with the Devil is the story of Saint Theophilus of Adana, first written in Greek between 650 and 850 CE and translated into Latin at the end of the ninth century (Palmer and More 1936:58-9; Allen 1985:18-9).'According to the story, sixthcentury cleric Theophilus signs a pact with the Devil in his own blood in order to gain a bishopric, but ultimately repents and is rescued by the Virgin Mary, who retrieves the damning document from hell (Palmer and More 1936:60-77). This story, and others involving written Devil pacts, became a staple of medieval exempla collections from which priests throughout Europe drew sermon material (Allen 1985:18-9). Medieval church art served as a visual form of exempla, and here, too, the conclusion of a written pact with the Devil was frequently portrayed (Camille 1986; Poes 1991-2:347; Stone 2002:2). The Devil's pact has a long history and, like other traditional narratives and motifs that associate the Devil with the written word, is of widespread international distribution, but this essay will concentrate on narratives recorded during the great period of folklore collection in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and on German-language materials, representing the vernacular of Martin Luther, a key figure in the history of European literacy, and of Faust, perhaps the most infamous of all the Devil's pactors.Georgius Faustus of Helmstadt, thought to be the historical Faust, would have studied occult sciences as part of his education at the University of Heidelberg, where he received a Masters degree in Philosophy in 1487 (Baron 1978:11-6). In the late fifteenth century, the focus of European scholarship was shifting from theology to more worldly knowledge, and Heidelberg was a German center of studia humanitatis, or Renaissance Humanism, which included the study of "natural magic"; Faustus reputedly made his post-graduate living as a wandering scholar practicing astrology and necromancy (Baron 1978:19-20, 84-6). After his death, Faustus' memory lived on and was embellished in oral tradition and popular literature, where the story of the learned man selling his soul to the Devil in exchange for knowledge was already widespread (Roos 1972:48; Poes 1991-2:347-8), but Faust scholar Frank Baron identifies Martin Luther, who frequently expressed in his writings the belief that all magicians were in league with Satan, as "the first most influential proponent of the connection between Faustus and the devil" (Baron 1978:79-81; 1992:134-5). …


The goal of primary prophylaxis in advanced HIV patients is to prevent opportunistic infection in order to improve the duration and quality of survival. Any such prophylactic policy should minimise cost and maximise benefit. Ideally any drug used should be well tolerated, inexpensive and not interact with other drugs. Selection of a primary prophylaxis against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) thus involves a variety of general and specific considerations. However, before considering a drug option is it possible to prevent infection by behavioural or environmental strategies? It would not seem so as MAC is ubiquitous in the environment being found in water, soil, food and cigarettes.' There are some data suggesting that patients may also get infected from hospital water supplies,2 but even if true (and the evidence is circumstantial), this does not represent a major route of transmission. There are problems with rifabutin the only licenced drug for MAC prophylaxis. These include: selection of drug resistant mutants and non-compliance, side effects and adverse drug reactions and the potential masking of tuberculosis.


BACKGROUND
Despite the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART), a large proportion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients may develop moderate neurocognitive impairment. Antiretroviral drug passage into the central nervous system may be relevant for preventing and treating HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder; nevertheless, clear cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pharmacodynamic targets are not known.

METHODS
HAART-treated adults with wild-type HIV were prospectively enrolled. CSF concentrations (measured by mass spectrophotometric methods) and inhibitory quotients (CSF concentrations divided by in vitro 50% and 95% inhibitory concentrations) were compared among different drugs and related to CSF HIV RNA levels. CSF escape was defined as CSF HIV RNA >50 copies/mL despite contemporary plasma HIV RNA below that threshold.

RESULTS
One hundred twenty-seven patients (91 male [71.7%], 93 white [73.2%], with a median age of 46 years [interquartile range, 40.5-54.5 years]) provided 174 paired CSF and plasma samples. Twice-daily darunavir, once-daily darunavir, and efavirenz had the highest CSF 95% inhibitory quotients (18.5, 8.2, and 6.4, respectively). Higher nadir CD4 cell count (P = .01) and plasma HIV RNA <50 copies/mL (P < .001) were independent predictors of controlled CSF HIV RNA. Optimal drug exposure (CSF detectable drugs and 95% inhibitory quotient >1) was protective for CSF escape (P = .01).

CONCLUSIONS
Cerebrospinal fluid 95% inhibitory quotients may be used to compare antiretroviral drug compartmental exposure; they deserve longitudinal studies to assess the adequacy of CSF drug concentrations in treated HIV-infected patients.


Abstract A 57-year-old man developed respiratory symptoms 72 hours after receiving his third dose of the COVID-19 mRNA-1273 vaccine and underwent computed tomography (CT) chest imaging. This showed new diffuse subpleural and peribronchovascular nodular opacities with reverse halo sign. Laboratory investigations demonstrated an eosinophil count of 0.8 x 10E9/L and unremarkable connective tissue disease screen. Bronchoscopy with lavage and transbronchial biopsies demonstrated lymphocytic alveolitis without evidence of infection and histopathology consistent with acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP). He was treated with corticosteroids resulting in resolution of symptoms and CT findings. We present radiographic and histopathologic findings of AFOP following COVID-19 mRNA-1273 vaccination.


Objective:  Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common disorder in ageing males worldwide affecting one out of four males over 50 years of age. The aim of the present study is to demonstrate safety and efficacy of tamsulosin in its medical management.

Methods:  A total of 72 patients were enrolled; 38 patients given tamsulosin and 34 in the placebo group were enrolled. The mean age group was 61 years. Patients with an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of> 10, maximum flow rate  100 mL and prostate-specific antigen < 4 ng/mL, were given 0.4 mg of tamsulosin/placebo daily on a randomized double-blind controlled study for 2 months. Patients with renal or hepatic failure, carcinoma prostate, stricture urethra, neurogenic bladder were excluded. All patients were followed up at the end of the second, fourth and eighth week.

Results:  There were three dropouts leaving 69 patients for evaluation. Improvement in the IPSS score was significantly greater with tamsulosin compared with the placebo. Similarly there was significant improvement in uroflowrate with tamsulosin compared to the placebo. The PRUV decreased by 38.8% with tamsulosin compared with the placebo. No significant change in blood biochemistry was noted between the two groups excepting for blood pressure, which showed a fall with tamsulosin compared to placebo. Adverse reaction was noted in five patients (7%), but none were withdrawn from the study.

Conclusions:  Our study confirms tamsulosin as a very effective and safe drug in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients not having absolute indication for surgery with excellent patient compliance.


In the karst area, various complicate problems will be encountered in the dam construction. The paper introduces a few major engineering geological problems of slope stability, karst cave blow and induced earthquake, and treatment measures of Yinzidu hydropower station in the construction process and is reference for other projects.


Method and apparatus for providing an image frame is provided. The method includes outputting the one or more changed portion to the other frame, it does not change with respect to one or more other frames of the first frame portion of the first frame without, and outputting. Each portion, when the rendering engine is written in the frame buffer for the location within the boundaries of the portion is determined to have changed. Outputting is performed in accordance with the changed portion for one or more other frames of the first frame. .FIELD 1


This paper introduced a new soybean line with special small seeds,seed diameter 5.5 mm, one hundred-seed weight 9g,breeding by interspecific hybridization method from 1989-2001. This line was tested and demonstrated in Xunke County from 1999-2001. High yield cultivation technique system was established.


The paper is focused on the economic indicators that characterize the activities of social risks insur-ance associated with demographic processes. The analysis of financial support to the population in terms of risks associated with motherhood and temporary disability in caring for a child is given. Based on the spatial analysis of the financing of social assistance in the Siberian territories, the cal-culation of the average monthly allowance for caring for a child until he reaches the age of one and a half years was made. The paper also discusses a relative-ly new direction in the provision of state social as-sistance for the poor – the program of social con-tracts. The dynamics of such contracts sighed with the citizens of Siberia is given. Moreover, it shows the dynamics of the population covered by the mid-dle class in the context of subjects. The average size of a lump sum payment for the IC at the regional level is analyzed. The specifics of the provision of social insurance assistance through this program have been determined.


Several influential psychologists have attempted to estimate to what extent human happiness levels are directly controlled by genes by comparing the happiness levels of identical twins raised apart. If we discover that the happiness levels of identical twins raised apart tend to be closer than the happiness levels of fraternal twins raised apart, this is taken as evidence that average happiness levels are largely controlled by genes. However, if it turns out that identical twins' happiness levels tend to be substantially different, as different as fraternal twins raised apart, it has been argued that this implies that the environment largely determines happiness levels. I contend that this interpretation of the data rests on a set of questionable, closely related assumptions: a) that pairs of identical twins raised apart are raised in substantially different environments; b) that genetically identical twins aren't identical in other pertinent ways; and c) that average levels of affect that are correlated with certain sets of genes in the environments the twin studies were conducted in will be correlated with those genes in other relevant environments because those genes govern average affect levels. In this paper, I will show that these assumptions are false and explain how to properly go about investigating the contingent causal links between genes and happiness. In the end, I argue that there is no good evidence that our genes delimit our hedonic potential and that the fact that this misinterpretation of the data has been widely disseminated is potentially harmful to human well-being.


The effects of different fertilization stage on wheat yield,nitrogen uptake,utilization,residue,distribution and nitrogen balance were studied by potted plant experiment.The results showed that the highest yield obtained appeared in the treatment of topdressing on shooting age when 1/2 nitrogen fertilizer applied as base fertilizer.Topdressing on earning stage reached higher yield than that on regreening stage on the case of lower nitrogen applied.There was no difference between these two treatments if higher nitrogen applied.Nitrogen plant uptake in 1/2 nitrogen as topdressing treatment was significantly higher than that of all as base fertilizer,which mainly because of improved efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer.31.7%~66.8% of residue nitrogen in soil was distriubuted in 0~40 cm soil layer after harvest and proportion of residue nitrogen in this layer was increased when nitrogen fertilizer applied later.However,in hte treatmet of all nitrogen applied as base fertilizer and topdressing on regreening stage,proportion of residue nitrogen in the subsoil was higher than topduressing in later state,which in 80~100 cm depth was even exceeded that in the topsoil.


Forex is an alternative type of highly liquid investments. The liquidity level and price acceleration that occurs in the forex could close the transaction quickly and profit level exceeded the average trade in general. However, rapid price movements in the forex also cause a high degree of volatility that the forex became a very risky investment so it is difficult to maximize profit. Researchers use hedging techniques to drive price movement suddenly turned around and indicators of Bill Williams to analyze price movements that would happen to occur in the future. This research used qualitative destuctive analysis to see that the hedging technique and Bill William Indicator could maximize forex invesment profit. The study was conducted for five months starting from the date of July 1, 2014 until November 30, 2014, through OctaFX service. Researcher got a margin call when run hedging technique in the first time. Researcher modified hedging techniques after knowing its weakness. And finally the problem of hedging techniques was resolved. Collaboration between hedging techniques and Bill Williams indicators could maximize profits in forex investment. Key Words : hedging, Bill Williams indicator, investment, forex.


Research on the lower limb exoskeleton for rehabilitation have developed rapidly to meet the need of the aging population. The rehabilitation exoskeleton system is a wearable man–machine integrated mechanical device. In recent years, the vigorous development of exoskeletal technology has brought new ideas to the rehabilitation and medical treatment of patients with motion dysfunction, which is expected to help such people complete their daily physiological activities or even reshape their motion function. The rehabilitation exoskeletons conduct assistance based on detecting intention, control algorithm, and high-performance actuators. In this paper, we review rehabilitation exoskeletons from the aspects of the overall design, driving unit, intention perception, compliant control, and efficiency validation. We discussed the complexity and coupling of the man–machine integration system, and we hope to provide a guideline when designing a rehabilitation exoskeleton system for the lower limbs of elderly and disabled patients.


The distribution of a large number of priority pollutant trace metal and organic species in water and sediments in surface waters in the Middle Rio Grande region of New Mexico has been surveyed. In addition to sediments and water, limnological data was collected on the reservoirs, radionuclide and particle size analysis was performed on the sediments and a limited number of fish were surveyed for trace metals and organics. The sediments carry elevated levels of the metals Hg, Cd, As, Se, and U and fish may be biomagnifying Hg, Pb, and V through the food chain. Detectable levels of 18 different chlorinated organic pesticides were found in samples of water and bottom sediments.


It was in Sui and Tang Dynasties that Buddism finished its landing on China,and further mixed into Chinese culture and participated in the reconstruction of Chinese ideaology and culture. During this time,the doctrine of nirvana came to dominate Buddism and some trends began to appear,which were the theory of Buddism changing toward a philosophical subject,the mixing up of Buddism"cause"doctrine and Taoism"nature"doctrine and the naturiza tion of Buddism theory and humanization of Buddism nature.


The main research of this paper to study the optimization design model of medicine cabinet under the condition of high adaptability and high emission efficiency. Mainly uses mathematical modeling in multi-level screening knowledge, to optimize the design of the medicine cabinet, taking medicine, medicine and convenient at the same time, to ensure that the drug in the push does not occur side-by-side overlap, rollover, horizontal rotation problem. In order to reduce the manufacturing cost of medicine cabinet, and draw a conclusion that for drugs with different width on the medicine groove width type, the vertical baffle spacing type at least for ultimate goal conditions were optimized and the method combined with concrete data to carry on the optimization calculation. On original data given in 1919 PCs specifications, by the width of the box as the main factor analysis, the original data were constraints of multi-level screening, 36 kinds of medicine slot width, further optimize the medicine groove width, identified only need to design three types spacing can accommodate all drugs. Optimization calculation by using the model to the specific data, calculate the box corresponding to each kind of specification, and then obtain the final optimization scheme.


Yarn conduit or automotive consisting of an inner conductor core surrounded by a retardation layer made of a polymer composition in a continuous process which composition comprises (A) a polar olefin copolymer, (B) a compound containing groups called silicone, and (C) an inorganic filler which is neither a hydroxide nor a hydrated compound, wherein the ratio of the MFR 2 measured under a load of 2.16 kg and a temperature of 190 of component (a) with respect to the MFR2 measured under a load of 2.16 kg and a temperature of 190 of the composition it is greater than 3.5, and the wire has a length of at least 100 m.


In this paper we describe a constraint based formalism that manipulates sequences of morphological analyses in order to Kill, Unify, Replace or Delete parts of the structure. We compare the formalism to a similar approach (CGP) and describe two applications.


Despite the potential of [1,2,4]triazino[4,3- c ]quinazoline derivatives as promising bioactive compounds, their electronic spectra has not been studied. Present manuscript is aimed to the estimation of relationships of molecules structure with the nature of their UV-spectra and identifying spectral patterns of pharmacophore that determines the pharmacological activity of the substance. Mentioned  information undoubtedly contributes to the development of the theory of the purposeful synthesis of organic compounds. Methods and results. UV-spectra of sodium (3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2 H -[1,2,4]triazino[4,3- c ]quinazolin-4-yl)acetate in different polarity solvents have been studied. It allowed to identify types of electron transitions, which were responsible of emergence of the observed absorption bands. Conclusions. It was found that the UV-spectra of the studied compounds in solvents with different polarity were characterized by three absorption bands in the range 190–227 nm, 260–284 nm and 328–348 nm. According to Braude classification the first absorption band should be classified as 1 L a , the second – as 1 L b , and the third band is due to p-π- conjugation in the molecule of the whole molecule structure.


Background National guidelines recommend that thyroid function is assessed at diagnosis of type I diabetes (TIDM) and annually thereafter. This paper reports an audit of thyroid surveillance in accordance with this guideline. Patients 110 patients (66 males), median age 11.3 (1.2–15.7) years at diagnosis of TIDM, were monitored for 2.3 (0.7–4.2) years. Results 21/110 (19.0%) patients had abnormal thyroid function at diagnosis of TIDM. Of these, 16 had normal thyroid function on reassessment after 45 (3–540) days. Abnormalities of thyroid function occurred more commonly in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) than those who did not have DKA (9/29, 31.0% vs 12/81, 14.8%, p<0.025). At the end of the observation period, five (4.5%) patients had minor abnormalities of thyroid function not requiring treatment and three (2.7%) were treated. Conclusions Transient abnormalities of thyroid function are common at diagnosis of TIDM, and therefore, thyroid hormones should not be measured at this time.


Keeping the engine to keep it in good condition during operation is a task for a rm to obtain maximum results. Production machines, especially machines that are not in good condition can impede the course of the production process and cause the resulting product is imperfect or defective. Maintenance on the machine is a solution to solve the problem. Maintenance on a machine that is on companies based on kanban cards made by the company so that the engine can produce. The treatment was done in the month and year. Treatment is usually done on a regular basis and are scheduled by us- ing kanban cards that include inspection, cleaning, lubri- cation, and replacement of parts. The company also usu- ally have an inventory of spare parts planning, there has been provided (stock) and there also must be booked in ad- vance. PT. Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia, a com- pany that produces car components on the cylinder block (1TR and 2TR) and the camshaft, four types of mecha- nisms to implement care that is preventive maintenance, breakdown maintenance, corrective maintenance mainte- nance and autonomous. The fourth mechanism is planned and executed by the maintenance department at the com- pany. RESEARCH aims to determine the production pro- cess, study of the techniques and mechanisms of treatment on PT. Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia, as well as identify the problems faced by PT. Toyota Motor Manufac- turing Indonesia about maintenance issues. For example, observed a treatment to a fruit machine in the company, the IMO-001 Molding Machine. Preparation of scienti c writing is expected to be useful for any who read, and pro- vide more knowledge about the mechanisms of maintenance in manufacturing companies in Indonesia.


This paper systematically reviews the BIM institutions and development history in Australia, focusing on the Australian BIM standards and implementation policies, and introducing the practice and application of BIM in construction projects in Australia from three aspects: BIM maturity and market diffusion benchmark system, BIM/IPD training and education work, BIM application of Sydney Opera House (SOH) project. Through the analysis of the basic characteristics and challenges of BIM development in Australia, the enlightenment and prospects are put forward, which may be useful references to China and other countries in implementing BIM.


Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV), a thrips-borne plant virus, occurs globally in economically damaging levels in agricultural, ornamental, and greenhouse crops. In North Carolina, TSWV is vectored primarily by the tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), and the Western flower thrips, F. occidentalis Pergande, both of which can acquire and subsequently transmit TSWV only by feeding on infected foliage as young larvae. Females oviposit in suitable plant tissues; therefore, only those plant species susceptible to systemic infection and with the ability to support reproduction by vector species have the potential to be important sources of virus inoculum. We conducted systematic plant surveys to determine the incidence of TSWV and the relative abundance of thrips vector species on summer annual and perennial plants commonly associated with susceptible crops in North Carolina. Frankliniella occidentalis was the most abundant vector and comprised >75% of vector species collected from 18 wild plant species during the summer and fall of 2002. The number of F. occidentalis and F. fusca larvae collected from plant samples, whose presence indicates a plant's suitability for reproduction, varied significantly among the species sampled. The plant species yielding the largest collections of immature F. occidentalis were tall morningglory (Ipomoea purpurea), carpetweed (Mollugo verticillata), sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia), and Palmer's pigweed (Amaranthus palmeri). Plant species most suitable for F. fusca reproduction included Florida pusley (Richardia scabra), M. verticillata, and ivyleaf morningglory (I. hederacea). During surveys of wild plant species in or adjacent to highly TSWV-infected crop fields, TSWV was documented at 16 of 17 locations (94.1%) and in 14 of 30 weed species (46.7%). Estimated rates of infection were highest in I purpurea (6.8%) and I. hederacea (1.9%). Mollugo verticillata returned an unusually high proportion of marginally TSWV-positive samples and conservative estimates of infection rate were 0.5%. However, the actual importance of this species as a TSWV reservoir may be much greater, as liberal estimates (assuming marginal samples were indeed TSWV-infected) indicate an infection rate of 5.4%. These findings document that only a limited number of summer annual or perennial weed species are potentially important TSWV reservoirs or support high levels of vector reproduction in North Carolina. The temporal characteristics of vector abundance and dispersal were documented in the summer and fall of 2002 using aerial sticky traps surrounding 9 agricultural fields. Of vector species captured, 83.3% were F. occidentalis, 11.9% were F. fusca, and the remaining 4.8% were Thrips tabaci Lindeman. The timing of F. occidentalis dispersal, as indicated by mean cumulative proportions of F. occidentalis caught on traps, varied significantly among locations. Patterns of fall dispersal were unrelated to senescence of summer annual weeds, cultivation practices, or the first freeze date. Temporal…


ZnFe2O4/CuFe2O4 composites in the ratios of 0.95:0.05 and 0.5:0.5 were synthesized via coprecipitation technique using polyvinyl alcohol as a surfactant. The X-ray diffraction study revealed the formation of nanosized ZnFe2O4/CuFe2O4 composite crystallites with cubic phase of ZnFe2O4 and tetragonal phase of CuFe2O4. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of octahedral polycrystals of zinc-copper ferrite composites. The samples were found to be single-domain ferromagnetic material from the hysteresis response obtained. Hence, the synthesized samples can serve as potential candidates for magnetic data storage.


The paper introduces the latest research progress in rural cooperation economic organization since the 1990's,reviews the inevitability,operation mechanism,develop ideas and models of the organization and their effects on development of the rural cooperation economic organization and gives a brief evaluation on the research progress from the angle of promoting development of rural cooperation economic organization in China.


We have investigated nonsequential double ionization of H− by two-photon absorption, based on numerical two-electron simulations. The total cross section was found to be an order of magnitude greater than that for the similar process in Helium, but reminiscent in shape. Angle- and energy-resolved cross sections are also presented.


By performing lateralization of the inferior turbinate, the surgeon achieves an improvement in nasal breathing by increasing the lumen of the common nasal passage. However, to date, there are no clear indications for lateroposition of the inferior turbinate and there are no scientific data on its clinical efficacy. The aim of the study was to develop an original method of selective HHR osteotomy with its subsequent lateralization (luxation) based on the analysis of CT anatomy of the HHR bone framework. The article describes the measurements and makes a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the "classical" lateralization of HNR and the original technique according to CT data. According to the results of CT analysis of SNP before and after surgery, patients were divided into 2 subgroups depending on the effectiveness of lateralization. The second stage was the analysis of the data obtained by CT of SNP in patients operated on with the original technique (n = 30). A positive result was obtained (achieved) in 100% of cases. The original technique of HNR lateralization developed by us has proven its effectiveness and safety, can be recommended as a minimally invasive, organ-preserving method of surgical treatment of vasomotor rhinitis and can reduce the number of reoperations.


The failures data of tractors operating in field conditions were collected by failure tracking tests. A mathematical model is established with non-homogenous Poisson process to get the tractor failure intensity function. Bootstrap method is presented for constructing confidence regions for the failure intensity of a repairable system. Combined with fault data in tracking experiment, the early period failure intensity curves are drawn, revealing the failure regular in the initial stages of tractors. A confidence interval can be estimated by standard likelihood asymptotic theory in the parametric estimation, however in the non-parametric case it can be obtained by using the bootstrap. Comprising the MSE of cumulative intensity and cumulative number of failures between the two estimations, it is seen that the curve which was estimated by non-parameter estimation method is more realistic to the actual experiment process. Results provide the reference to improve tractor reliability, maintainability and maintenance strategy.


The utility model discloses a cooling guide device for the outlet end of a copper wire annealing furnace. The cooling guide device comprises a cooling water groove (1) formed at the outlet of the annealing furnace; a group of inlet sealing sleeves (3) are arranged on the side wall at the front end of the cooling water groove (1) and a group of outlet sealing sleeves (4) are arranged on the side wall at the rear end of the cooling water groove (1); and a group of guide wheels (5) are arranged at the outlet end of the outlet sealing sleeves. In the cooling guide device, the guide wheels are moved out of the cooling water groove (1) and fixed on a frame outside the cooling water groove (1), so that bearings on the guide wheels can be protected against water erosion, solving the problem that the bearings of the guide wheels are easily damaged. The cooling guide device employs cheap common bearings instead of expensive graphite bearings, and one-year use of the original cooling guide device which has been modified based on the technical scheme provided by the utility model proves that the cooling guide device provided by the utility model greatly prolongs the service life of the bearings and lowers equipment modification cost since the common bearings have never been changed because of damage during the one-year use.


This paper presents a method for real-time estimation of the multi series capacity reference quantity in order to enhance the power system transient stability energy margin using an artificial neural network in a power system. This paper has three parts. The first part is to determine suitable lines to be installed by a series capacitor. The second is to estimate energy margin using an ANN. The last is to estimate each series capacity reference quantity if the estimated energy margin is unstable in the former step. The proposed ANN learning rule is the modified Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation using the concept of fuzzy membership function.


Abstract This case report is of a young male with learning disability, who presented with long-term polydipsia and hyperphagia. The patient's polydipsia and hyperphagia showed a correlation with long-term use of neuroleptics for behavioural problems. Withdrawal of all neuroleptic medication resulted in an immediate improvement in both the polydipsia and hyperphagia leading to a complete resolution of both symptoms. While neuroleptics are a recognised cause of polydipsia, hyperphagia is less frequently described and we believe this to be the first report in which a patient is observed to have polydipsia and hyperphagia induced by neuroleptics. We discuss the possible aetiological mechanisms for both polydipsia and hyperphagia and conclude that the basic pathophysiology in our case appears to be a neuroleptic induced malfunction of the satiety centre due to blockage of dopamine receptors in the ventromedial hypothalamus.


The use of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) has a potential for increasing the energy yield from photovoltaic panels. The DC-DC-converter efficiency, no-load power consumption and panel temperature are important in this respect. Three test circuit charge controllers with MPPT are built. The energy yield using MPPT is compared to simply direct connection to a battery, using two months measurements from two photovoltaic panels. The calculated energy gain is 6.4% for the measured conditions. This is so low that the main reason for choosing a charge controller with MPPT should be added values of a switch-mode converter such as reduced weight, regulated output voltage or battery cell voltage balancing.


To investigate the effects of supramaximal high-intensity interval training (SIT) vs functional high-intensity interval training (FIT) on sports performance, oxidative stress, and acute and chronic flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) were observed. Forty-five young male athletes were randomly allocated to control (CON), SIT, and FIT groups. The SIT program consisted of 10 sets of 30 s of cycle ergometry at 170 % of VO2peak alternating with 30 s rest periods. The FIT program consisted of 10 training postures of 30 s alternating with 30 s rest periods, matching the SIT in energy expenditure and duration of training session. Both SIT and FIT groups underwent training 3 times per week for 10 weeks. Maximal oxygen consumption increased significantly in both SIT and FIT groups relative to pre-test status and the CON group (P<0.05), while the height of counter movement jump increased only in the FIT group. FMD increased significantly with 10 weeks of training in both groups relative to pre-test and the CON group. Only the FIT group had increased FMD at 5 min after training in post-test (P<0.05). Plasma malondialdehyde decreased significantly only in the FIT group (P<0.05). In conclusion, both SIT and FIT programs exerted beneficial effects on health-related physical fitness and FMD. However, the FIT program generated superior results in counter movement jump and acute FMD.


The push to create shore and harbour protection that is environmentally more compatible often puts the reality of the needs for resilience and strength at odds with the needs of nature. Softer protection schemes, such as floating wave attenuators and non-bottom-founded protection methods, are typically inadequate to resist the ravages of a storm, whereas the construction of solid ring breakwaters changes the texture of the shoreline and affects the biota. Out-of-the-box thinking was required to find an approach that could both emulate the natural environment and yet still be resilient enough to protect against hurricane events, promote ecology and offer safe and manageable navigation. The solution was found in building a protection system of artificial islands configured to create wave sheltering, oriented to reduce long-term sedimentation effects by controlling tidal flow patterns and executed to be a living island archipelago with both benthic and terrestrial habitat.


The kinetics and extent of glucose uptake, ethanol and acetate production, glucose-induced medium acidification and endogenous respiration were studied in baker's yeast starved aerobically for 0, 28, 54 and 96 h in saline (9 g litre−1 NaCI) at 35°C. Except for the last interval, prolonged starvation brought about an overall increase in most parameters; the transient increase in endogenous respiration observed after glucose addition was lowered with proceeding starvation. A 96 h starvation brought about a change in the kinetics of ethanol production, sharp increase in acetate production and a strong reduction of both the extent and the rate of glucose-induced acidification and of endogenous metabolism.