This work enables mobile user authentication via finger inputs on ubiquitous surfaces leveraging low-cost physical vibration. The system we proposed extends finger-input authentication beyond touch screens to any solid surface for IoT devices (e.g., smart access systems and IoT appliances). Unlike passcode or biometrics-based solutions, it integrates passcode, behavioral and physiological characteristics, and surface dependency together to provide a low-cost, tangible and enhanced security solution. The proposed system builds upon a touch sensing technique with vibration signals that can operate on surfaces constructed from a broad range of materials. New algorithms are developed to discriminate fine-grained finger inputs and supports three independent passcode secrets including PIN number, lock pattern, and simple gestures by extracting unique features in the frequency domain to capture both behavioral and physiological characteristics including contacting area, touching force, and etc. The system is implemented using a single pair of low-cost portable vibration motor and receiver that can be easily attached to any surface (e.g., a door panel, a stovetop or an appliance). Extensive experiments demonstrate that our system can authenticate users with high accuracy (e.g., more than 97 percent within two trials), low false positive rate (e.g., less 2 percent) and is robust to various types of attacks.


Medication use is a salient issue in informal dementia caregivers and care recipients. This descriptive study provides information about the number and type of medications used by dementia family caregivers (N = 66) and community-dwelling dementia care recipients (N = 51). Medication data were obtained from caregivers during a telephone interview about health care utilization and categorized using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. Approximately 75% of caregivers and 49% of care recipients reported utilizing multiple medications. Many caregivers (41%) and care recipients (53%) were taking psychotropic medications; 89% of physicians prescribing psychotropic medications to caregivers were nonpsychiatrists. These results suggest the likelihood of medication-related concerns for informal dementia caregivers as well as the potential for nonadherence and side effects related to polypharmacy.


Paul Kennedy in his magnum opus The Rise and fall of Great Powers stated, "... wealth is usually needed to underpin military power, and military power is usually needed to acquire and protect wealth." Globalisation is pushing Asia towards economic growth, social development and cultural prosperity. Consequently, countries in Asia are also beginning to strengthen their military power. Further, the fast-driving Asian economies like China and India are part of the privileged decision-making club in the world. Therefore, with the improving standing on other fields the Asian countries heading towards military modernisation, particularly at sea, should be seen as an obvious turn of event in the evolving history of nation-states. The book under review deals with the above subject. It comprises a comprehensive account of the entry of Asian states and the subsequent retreat of European states into the oceanic arena. It is a collection of nine contributors divulging the strategic impulses of the major naval forces in Asia. Although the book mentions 'Asia' in its title, and deals with chapters on India, Japan and Southeast Asia, yet it is a misnomer. The book does not cover the entire Asian maritime space and there is a distinctive preoccupation


From natural law to human rights Sources of human rights law in Australia Explicit constitutional human rights in Australia Implied constitutional rights The common law and human rights International protection of human rights Implementation of international human rights in Australia Liberty and security of the person Fair trial Treatment of persons in custody Terrorism Freedom of assembly Freedom of association Freedom of speech, expression and the media Censorship Contempt of court Defamation Anti-discrimination law Indigenous Australians and the legal system Indigenous Australians and the criminal justice system Indigneous land rights Indigenous Australians' right to customs and cultural heritage Migrants, refugees and asylum seekers Table of Cases/ Table of Statutes/ Index


The development of an atomized "sponge like" iron powder has been undertaken. The goal of this program was to provide a cost effective atomized powder with high green strength and similar apparent density to existing sponge iron grades. Additional design criteria for the new powder were to match the dimensional change and strength found in sponge powders. New atomizing techniques were utilized to provide a highly irregular powder surface that allows the various design requirements to be met. The successful results of this program will be documented.


Electricity problems in rural areas more and more electric power is needed. Until now, power plants that use water turbines are environmentally friendly electricity producers, so the potential for energy from the air needs to be utilized to address the demand for electricity. Therefore, the solution to this problem is to use the "Design and Construction of Hydroelectric Generator for Public Street Lighting". The generator is a source of electric voltage obtained by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The generator works based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which is by rotating a coil in a magnetic field so that the induced GGL (Electric Motion Force) arises. In this thesis, a research is conducted on the Water Turbine Generator in the river in the village area of Padi Gondang Mojokerto as an object of water flow in order to generate electric power to reduce crime in the area in the form of a load object in the form of Public Street Lighting.


For constructing a new convenient and reliable system to evaluate the dewatering performance of sludge, the relationship between the water content of dewatered municipal sludge and its physicochemical properties was comprehensively investigated. Then, an evaluation and prediction model was established based on partial least squares regression (PLS), which could accurately predict the solid content of municipal sludge treated by high-pressure deep dewatering. Furthermore, the main factors affecting the sludge dewaterability were explored by the means of principal component analysis (PCA), and it was concluded that first principal component (PC1), containing most composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), accounted for 53.1% of the X variation and 62.9% of information Y variation. Both protein in soluble EPS (PNS) and polysaccharide in a tightly bound EPS (PST), with the variable importance in the projection (VIP) values more than 1, were regarded as the most decisive factors to the deep dewatering performance of municipal sludge. Additionally, the validation results demonstrate the accuracy and practicability of the obtained model, specifically fit for a conditioning system for cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) and lysozyme either separately or jointly.


Rationale: Osteoma is a benign osteogenic lesion with a slow growth, characterized by the proliferation of either cancellous or compact bone. Peripheral osteoma which is known to arise from the periosteum is a rare entity in the mandible. This case report emphasizes on the extraoral approach used for surgical excision of peripheral osteoma of the mandible. Patient Concerns: This article presents three cases of peripheral osteoma in females who presented with extraoral swelling near the inferior border of the mandible. The swelling was noticed incidentally and had mild or no pain. Diagnosis: Diagnosis was made after correlating clinical and radiographical findings and confirmed by histopathology. Treatment: Extraoral submandibular incision was used for the excision of peripheral osteoma in all the cases. Outcomes: Patients were followed up for 3 months without any signs of recurrence. Take-away Lessons: Every case is unique, and it is wise to take uncommon surgical approach keeping in view the patient's benefit at large.


Preface / Introduction / The Dirac Equation and its Solutions / The Propagation Kernel and Feynman Diagrams / Quantum Electrodynamics / Radiative Corrections / Elements of Quantum Field Theory / The Scalar Fields / The Dirac Field / The Electromagnetic Field / Interaction between Fields / Recent Developments / Appendix A: List of Symbols and Notation / Appendix B: The Density of Final States / Bibliography / Subject Index.


The effect of the crystallinity of a topically applied drug on its percutaneous absorption was investigated with hydrocortisone acetate as a model drug. To decrease the degree of crystallinity, the drug was ground with crystalline cellulose. The X-ray diffraction method for determining the degree of crystallinity was shown to be valid in the range of amorphous cellulose ratio of 0 to ca. 50% by using simple mixtures of glutathione and amorphous cellulose. Thus, the dissolution rate of hydrocortisone acetate was confirmed to increase quantitatively with decreasing crystallinity.


This paper explains the concept , features, significance and the principle of protecting intangible cultural heritage. This paper analyzes the current situa- tion of protecting the intangible cultural heritage in Guangdong, the problems and the causes of the problems. At last this paper puts forward some protective measures of the intangible cultural heritage in Guangdong.


Preface 1. Writing Trade-Union History 2. Trends in Trade-Union Development 1825-75 3. The Origins and Establishment of the Trades Union Congress 4. Trends in Modern Trade Unionism 5. Early Trade Unionism in the Printing Industry 6. The London Society of Master Letter-Founders 1793-1820 7. The Struggle for a Free Press 8. The Ideology of Early Co-operation in Lancashire and Cheshire 9. Robert Blincoe and the Early Factory System Index


Abstract The magnetic structure and dynamics of condensed oxygen are investigated by means of muon spin relaxation in longitudinal and zero fields. Explicit calculations of the dipolar and hyperfine fields at the muon preferential sites elucidate the local electronic structure around the muon probe and allow interpretation of the precession frequency found in zero-field experiments on the magnetically ordered α-phase. The temperature dependence of the relaxation rates in the phases devoid of magnetic long-range order is analysed in terms of the fast paramagnetic fluctuations quantified in previous neutron spectroscopy experiments.


Background Mounting evidence has shown circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important role in the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer (PC). Meanwhile, circRNAs may serve as the biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PC. Therefore, it is urgent to elucidate the function and underlying mechanism of circRNAs in the development of PC. Methods The Cancer-Specific CircRNA Database (CSCD), Circular RNA Interactome database (circinteractome database), and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to verify the expression level of circRNF13 in PC cell lines. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and RNase protection assay were used to detect the localization and structure of circRNF13. Then, cell functional experiments were employed to estimate the proliferated, migrated, and invasive abilities in PC. Furthermore, bioinformatic tools, luciferase dual reporter assay, and RT-qPCR were used to investigate the interaction among circRNF13, miR-139-5p, and IGF1R. Eventually, the rescue functional experiments were employed to confirm that circRNF13 targeted the miR-139-5p/IGF1R axis to participate in the development of PC. Results CircRNF13 was overexpressed in PC cell lines compared with the normal pancreatic duct cell line. Additionally, inhibition of circRNF13 impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC cells. CircRNF13 could serve as the molecular sponge of miR-139-5p to inhibit its association with IGF1R that eventually accelerated the malignant progression of PC. Conclusion CircRNF13 serves as a competitive endogenous RNA of IGF1R to inhibit the function of miR-139-5p that eventually reinforces the malignant phenotype of PC.


In this article, the evaluation of the behavior of a gravity retaining wall is analyzed by considering different modeling approaches. The influence of taking into account the spatial variability of soil parameters in modeling approaches on the response of a retaining wall, assessed through horizontal displacements behind the wall and vertical displacements at the base of the wall. The displacements were evaluated with the finite element software CESAR, developed by the Central Laboratory of Bridges and Roads in France (LCPC), and the statistical analysis of the results was performed with Microsoft Excel. The results indicated that the effects of modeling the soil as a heterogeneous case on the wall displacements were much more significant than when the soil is modeled considering the statistically homogeneous case or the analysis case of a multilayer. This influence of the modeling of the soil as being totally heterogeneous is expressed through the lower standard deviations of the displacements, and also through the narrowness of the band defined by the maximums and the minimums of the results of the displacements, with respect to the two other modeling cases. This result leads towards a gain in terms of accuracy of the results, considering the spatial variability of the soil parameters in both directions, horizontal and vertical.


Objective : The study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of ethyl acetate fraction of seed of Eugenia jambolana ( E. jambolana ) at genomic level in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic male albino rat. Methods : Diabetic rats were treated with said fraction at the dose of 200 mg/Kg of body weight/day for 35 days. Potential antidiabetic mechanisms were investigated with blood glucose (short duration and long duration model), serum insulin, haemoglobin A 1 C (HbA 1 C), ISEL (In-Situ End Labelling) study of pancreatic tissue and quantitative RT-PCR study of hepatic hexokinase-I (Hex-I), Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression. Results : Results showed a significant antihyperglycemic action of the said fraction in both short and long duration treatment schedule. Serum insulin and HbA 1 C levels were also recovered in treated group in compare to the untreated diabetic group (p<0.05). ISEL study focused the regeneration of pancreatic beta cells in treated group. It was also observed that the correction in expression in Bax, Bcl-2 and Hex-I gene in hepatic tissue after the treatment of the fraction in the diabetic rat. The antidiabetic activity of the fraction was compared with glibenclamide, a standard antidiabetic drug. Conclusion : The findings provide information about the antihyperglycemic activity of this fraction through gene regulation.


The utility model relates to a large precision numerically-controlled rotary worktable, which comprises a worktable pedestal, a worktable main shaft, worms, worm wheels, a speed reducer and a servo motor, wherein the worms and the worm wheels are installed in both sides of the worktable pedestal, and the speed reducer and the servo motor are connected with the worm in one side of the worktable pedestal. The large precision numerically-controlled rotary worktable is characterized in that: the worm in the other side of the worktable pedestal is connected with the speed reducer and the servo motor through coupling joints to form a driven worm-wheel pair for providing resistance moment for the worktable pedestal; and a plurality of static-pressure supporting pads are installed on the outer circumference of the worktable pedestal, a gap is arranged between the lower end surface of the worktable main shaft and each static-pressure supporting pad, three rows of cylindrical-roller rotary-table bearings are installed between the worktable main shaft and the worktable pedestal, and steel grid rulers are installed on the inner rings of the three rows of cylindrical-roller rotary-table bearings. The utility model has the advantages that: the problems that the rotary positioning precision is insufficient, the tabletop end jump of the rotary worktable is difficult to meet precision requirements, the eccentricity of a loaded workpiece is limited, the large impact force can not be born and the like are solved; and the transmission stability of the rotary worktable is greatly improved, and the service life of a bearing is prolonged.


In early 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic was indiscriminately spreading around the world, the seeming ability of India, the world's second most populous country (with over 1.3 billion people), to contain the virus within its borders and keep COVID-19 infection and mortality rates low relative to population size was seen as miraculous. However, the miracle ended when the 'second-wave' hit India in April 2021. On 1 May 2021, India became the first country in the world to record more than 400,000 coronavirus infections in a single day. This exponential rise in COVID-19 cases started on 28 April 2021 when India recorded 379,459 new COVID-19 cases and 3,647 deaths. This marked the eighth straight day of more than 300,000 cases a day—making India the second-highest COVID-19 case count in the world (over 20 million) with over 25 per cent of the global deaths from COVID. The following examines India's fight against the pandemic, the failure to contain the second wave, the lessons learned and the way forward.


Some of today's scientific discoveries (E-science) involving both compute intensive and data intensive applications require collaboration on a global scale and high capacity optical infrastructures. This talk will discuss some of the optical networking challenges.


NEW DELHI, INDIA-- The Indian government is applauding a decision by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office that effectively kills a 1995 patent issued to two U.S. scientists for the medical uses of a spice. The government argued successfully that turmeric has been a traditional medicine for centuries and that a patent would constitute theft of the country's biological heritage.


Autocrine factors are believed to be the reason why embryos cultured in a group show superior development compared with a single culture in many species. A widespread concern with group culture is that degenerating embryos may have a negative effect on the other embryos. Previously, we were able to identify some proteins in embryo-conditioned medium by using tandem mass spectrometry, predominantly stress-related proteins. Our hypothesis was that poor-quality embryos with membrane-damaged cells passively released these identified proteins into the medium. Therefore, we wanted to investigate what percentage of membrane-damaged cells occurred in an average population of Day 8 bovine embryos. Bovine presumed zygotes (n = 606) were cultured individually in 20-µL drops of modified SOF supplemented with insulin, transferrin, and selenium and 0.1 mg mL–1 of polyvinylpyrrolidone. At 8 days post-insemination, blastocyst development was evaluated, and subsequently, all embryos were stained with Hoechst/propidium iodide. In this way, we were able to detect the total cell number (TCN) and the percentage of membrane-damaged cells (MDC ratio) because propidium iodide will stain only the nuclei of membrane-damaged cells pink. Embryo-conditioned medium was collected individually and kept at –80°C until further analysis. At 8 days post-insemination, a blastocyst rate of 27.5% was observed. After determination of the TCN per embryo, we divided the embryos in two groups: 207 embryos had a TCN of more than 64 cells (normal development; range: 64 to 313 cells) and 399 embryos had a TCN of fewer than 64 cells (arrested development; range: 1 to 61 cells). In the first group, 76.3% (138 embryos) had an MDC ratio of less than 10%; however, only 11.1% (23 embryos) showed no membrane-damaged cells at all. In the group with arrested development, only 17.8% (71 embryos) of the embryos had an MDC ratio of less than 10%, and only 13.5% (54 embryos) had no membrane-damaged cells. Of the delayed embryos, 48.6% (194 embryos) showed an MDC ratio of more than 50%, and 34.5% (138 embryos) displayed even 100% of membrane-damaged cells. In conclusion, by use of Hoechst/propidium iodide staining, we were able to detect the TCN and MDC ratio of the embryos. We observed that only a small percentage of the embryos had an MDC ratio of 0%, even if the embryos had more than 64 cells. Almost half of the arrested embryos with fewer than 64 cells had a MDC ratio of more than 50%, indicating that poor-quality embryos consist predominantly of membrane-damaged cells that can passively release proteins into the medium, with a possible negative effect on the surrounding embryos in group culture. It must be noted, however, that for logistical reasons, these results were obtained in a single culture. Further research will be done to identify the candidate autocrine factors and proteins released into the medium by poor-quality embryos by analysing embryo-conditioned medium pooled according to the results of the Hoechst/propidium iodide staining.


Aim  The objective was to determine whether specific intrinsic (age, pattern of cerebral palsy [CP], child's motivation) and extrinsic (number of treatments, parenting stress) characteristics were associated with responsiveness to botulinum toxin A (BoNT‐A) injections in children with CP 3 months after injection into the gastrocnemius muscle.


A device for fixing and / or guiding of the string-shaped elements, in particular cables or cable bundles in wind power plants, with at least one combinable to form a modular mounting system including a support structure (5) holding body (17) which forms a receiving space (7) for inserting at least one strand element has an opening (23), which is closable by a cover (19) having a pressing member (43) by means of which in a clamping area, a holding force on the receiving space (7) located strand elements can be exerted, is characterized in that is available for an adjustment of the position of the clamping region of the pressing portion (43) to different dimensions inlaid strand elements a latching device (37, 39), by means of which the covering (19) with the holding body (17) is selectively locked in positions more or less angena the central region of the receiving space (7) are hert.


With the increasing use of the oceans and coastal areas, there is a need to pay greater attention to and reexamine the issue of ocean governance. Through comparing the framework of ocean governance in mainland China with that in Taiwan in terms of legislation, administration, and law enforcement, this article establishes that there are advanced practices concerning ocean governance in Taiwan and lessons that may be applicable for mainland China.


This study aimed to explore the clinical value of electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring and the use of silver nanoparticles to detect serum levels of Nesfatin-1, S100β and Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in assessing the severity and prognosis of epilepsy. A total of 54 epilepsy
 patients treated at our hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected as the epilepsy group, and 54 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. EEG and serum levels of Nesfatin-1, S100β, and NSE in epilepsy patients without seizure and within 1 hour of seizure were
 ascertained and compared. The Liverpool Seizure Severity Scale (LSSS) score was used to evaluate the severity of epilepsy in patients, and the correlation between EEG findings and serum Nesfatin-1, S100β , and NSE levels was analyzed. ROC analysis was also conducted on the levels
 of the three factors. The patients were followed up for 1 year, the mortality rate was calculated, and the levels of Nesfatin-1, S100β, and NSE in deceased and non-deceased patients were compared. There were 50 cases (92.6%) with EEG abnormalities in the epilepsy group and 31 cases
 (57.4%) with epileptic EEGs in the epileptic non-seizure group. There was a significant difference in the proportion of abnormal EEGs between the two groups of epilepsy patients (P <0.05); the biomarker (Nesfatin-1, S100β, and NSE) serum levels were higher in both the
 non-seizure group and epileptic group than the control group, and the levels in the seizure group were higher than those in the non-seizure group (P < 0.05); seizures in patients with epilepsy were positively correlated with EEG abnormalities and biomarker serum levels. There was,
 however, no significant correlation between EEG abnormalities and biomarker serum levels. ROC analysis of epilepsy patients and their serum levels of Nesfatin-1, S100β and NSE showed that the area under the curve corresponding to each index was 0.850, 0.881, and 0.868, respectively
 (P < 0.05). With regards to deceased patients, the proportion with an abnormal EEG was 100% (15/15), which was higher than 41.0% (16/39) of non-deceased patients. Serum levels of biomarkers were also significantly higher than those in non-deceased patients (P < 0.05). Changes
 in EEG and biomarker serum levels were closely related to the severity of epilepsy. The proportion of patients with abnormal EEGs during seizure periods was higher, and the expression of serum Nesfatin-1, S100β and NSE was also increased, which means they can be used as markers
 of epilepsy and have an impact on its prognosis


An examination of the status of the implied covenant to develop in hard mineral leases which contain minimum royalty provisions discusses the rationale for the implied development covenant, restrictions on its use, and scenarios under which mining delays occur. Later sections delineate the rules of construction and interpretative tests used in various mining jurisdictions. The author then analyzes the logic of these tests in light of the regulatory and economic climate of today's mining industry. He finds that this climate forces prudent mining companies to delay mine development in many instances. The substantial relation test considers all factors that are indicative of the original parties expectations; the demand for development rule does not.


This paper presents the thermal conductivity measurement of single biological cells. The 3ω method with a nanoscale thermal sensor is used to measure the thermal conductivities. The MCF 10A and MCF7 cells are commonly used in breast cancer studies. The results show different thermal conductivities between MCF 10A cell and MCF7 cell. The measured thermal conductivity data can be used to analyze thermodynamics of biological cells as well as in breast cancer studies.


Background  Ghrelin, a peptide hormone that plays a role in the regulation of appetite and body adiposity, may also play a role in bone metabolism.


Let X be a process with independent increments, $\mathcal{F} = (\mathcal{F}_t )$, $0 \leqq t \leqq T, \mathcal{F} = \sigma (X_s ,s \leqq t)$ a natural filtration. Denote \[ G_t = \sigma \left\{ {X_s ,s \leqq t; X^c \left( T \right); p\left\{ ] {0;T} ]; A \in \mathcal{B} \right\}} \right\},\quad t \leqq T,\] where ${X^c }$ is a continuous martingale component, ${p\{ { ] {0;T} ]; A \in \mathcal{B}}\}}$ is the integer-valued Poisson measure generated by ${X,\mathcal{B}}$ is the Borel $\sigma $-algebra. The paper discusses conditions under which any process Y being a semimartingale with respect to filtration F is also a semimartingale with respect to filtration G.


We propose a mechanism to gather information about a user-specified domain from HTML documents and to store it in a local database. We also analyze how suitable this mechanism is for automatically propagating changes occurring in the structure of the user-specified domain as well as changes occurring in Web documents.


In this paper, we provide the first large-sample empirical analysis of the consequences of ESG reporting divergence among U.S. firms. We construct and validate an ESG reporting divergence measure based on the dissimilarities in ESG reporting across firms. We find it to be lower for firm-pairs using the same ESG reporting framework, with similar size, and with similar ESG performance than for other firm-pairs. We find that ESG reporting divergence is positively associated with ESG rating disagreement and weakens the positive association between ESG ratings and ESG fund allocation. These results indicate that ESG reporting divergence reduces the usefulness of ESG reporting for ESG rating providers and ESG fund managers. Furthermore, we find that ESG reporting divergence reduces investors' reaction to negative ESG news. Finally, we corroborate our findings using a sample of U.S. firms that are likely affected by the EU ESG reporting regulation.


Introduction: The role of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Overexpression of EGFR in colo - nic inflamed mucosa in patients with IBD has been observed by some authors. Moreover some studies confirm the role of EGFR in upregulating nuclear factor κB (NF- κB) and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α) expression, which may lead to pro - nounced inflammatory response in IBD. Aim: To evaluate the expression of EGFR, NF- κB and TNF- α in remission and active phase of Crohn disease (CD) and ulcera - tive colitis (UC). Material and methods: Biopsy specimens from colonic muco - sa were taken at colonoscopy from 62 patients with CD, 92 pa - tients with UC and from 18 healthy subjects with normal co- lonic mucosa (control). The expression of EGFR, NF- κB and TNF- α was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Results: The colonic mucosal immunoexpression of EGFR in active phase of IBD was significantly lower compared to the remission. The immunoexpression of NF- κB and TNF- α was si gnificantly higher in the active disease phase of IBD than in remission. The results suggest that EGFR does not promote inflammation in IBD but most probably is involved in mucosal regeneration in IBD. Conclusions: High expression of NF- κB and TNF- α in active phases of UC and CD confirm their proinflammatory role in these diseases.


This paper presents partial results of a research focused on the analysis of the Concrete Action System (Friedberg, 1995) which regulates the functioning of a School Cluster (SC) formed in the 2010-2011 school year. The study developed in the fictional named "AE Margin" denotes the situational construction of an institutional ecology (Star & Griesemer, 1989) where the work of the principal is crucial in the construction of communication and interinstucional  dynamics. First, we present the research developed and the methodological approach built to address the SC policy. Second, we introduce the theoretical framework adopted. Third, we differentiate three internal organizational processes of the Concrete System Action contextualized in the SC Margin. Finally, we present some interpretive findings about the organizational ecology studied.


Introduction The frequency with which oxygen is used in clinical medicine must not blind us to the fact that it has many toxic effects. 02 supplied at concentrations greater than those in normal air has long been known to damage plants, animals and aerobic bacteria such as Escherichia coli (for reviews see Morris, 1976 and Balentine, 1982). Plots of the logarithm of survival time against logarithm of the oxygen pressure have shown inverse, approximately linear, relationships for protozoa, mice, fish, rats, rabbits and insects. Indeed, there is considerable evidence that even 21% 02 has slowly-manifested damaging effects. The effects observed vary considerably with the type of organism used, its age, physiological state and diet, such as the presence in the diet of varying amounts of vitamins A, E and C, transition metals, antioxidants (now added to many animal and human foods) and polyunsaturated lipids. In 1954, Rebecca Gershman and Daniel L. Gilbert proposed that many of the damaging effects of02 could be attributed to the formation of 02 radicals (for a review see Gilbert, 1981). This hypothesis was developed by Fridovich (1975, 1978, 1983) into a superoxide theory of oxygen toxicity, which states that formation of the superoxide radical in vivo plays a major role in the toxic effects of oxygen. The purpose of this article is to explain what oxygen radicals are, how transition metals are involved in their formation and reactivity, and the role played by radicals and metals in some disease states.


Artichoke,originated in Mediterranean and North Africa,is mostly grown in Italy,France,Spanish,America and Argentina now. The edible parts are receptacle and bottom of the bract. The cultivated character,active constituents and its physiological functions were reviewed in this paper.


Scanning electron micrographs are used to illustrate descriptions of the eggs of Aedes (Neomelaniconion) mcintoshi Huang and Ae. (Neo.) circumluteolus (Theobald). The eggs of both species are rhomboidal in dorsal or ventral view, particularly in Ae. cir- cumluteolus, with the ventral surface in each case being substantially more curved than the dorsal. The chorionic cells are irregularly shaped in both species. Their structure is uniform over the whole egg surface in Ae. circumluteolus; in Ae. mcintoshi the anterior ventral cells have a distinct, large, central tubercle instead of the more uniformly sized tubercles present in cells over the remaining egg surface. The micropylar apparatus of both species is unusual in that the disk in most eggs may be covered connected to small, sharp, irregular papillae.


Part 1 Binary polynomial transforms: binary polynomial arithmetical and logical functions and matrices fast algorithms and complexity of binary polynomial transforms logical correlations and binary polynomial transforms. Part 2 Binary polynomial transforms and digital logic: spectral methods in analysis of Boolean functions spectral methods in minimization of Boolean functions. Part 3 Applications in nonlinear digital filtering: median and order statistic filters weighted order statistic and stack filters statistical properties of stack filters.


Backside illuminated solar cells based on 6 µm long highly-ordered nanotube-array films sensitized by a self-assembled monolayer of bis(tetrabutylammonium)-cis-(dithiocyanato)- N,N′-bis(4-carboxylato-4′-carboxylic acid-2, 2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) (commonly called 'N719') show a short-circuit current density of 8.79 mA cm−2, 841 mV open circuit potential and a 0.57 fill factor yielding a power conversion efficiency of 4.24% under AM 1.5 sun. The solvent used to infiltrate the dye into the nanotube arrays, made by potentiostatic anodization of a titanium foil, was found to significantly influence the electrical characteristics of the resulting solar cell. A superior photoresponse was obtained with acetonitrile as the dye solvent. This is attributed to the improved wetting characteristics of the dye solution in acetonitrile enabling self-assembled monolayers with higher surface coverage to be formed inside the nanotubes. In comparison to nanocrystalline films, the nanotube-array films consistently exhibit larger open circuit photovoltage values; the origins of this enhancement are discussed.


ABSTRACT In this study, leaching tests were conducted on representative samples provided from Hamze-Qarnein gold deposit with grade of 0.8 ppm using cyanidation and thiourea leaching. Effective parameters including particle size, reagent concentration, oxidant concentration, pH, and dissolution time were examined in both cyanidation and acidic extraction with thiourea. Gold recovery and reagent consumptions (lime, cyanide, thiourea, ferric sulfate, and sulfuric acid) were measured under different leaching conditions. The results showed that cyanidation method was efficient with 95.21% gold recovery with following conditions: d80 = 63 µm, pH 10.5, cyanide consumption of 1.23 kg/t, and 12 h cyanidation time. The acidic leaching using thiourea, required more chemical reagents and maximum gold recovery of 90.48% was achieved with thiourea consumption, leaching time, and pH equal to 13.32 kg/t, 5 h, and 1.7, respectively. According to the results, there was an interaction between ferric sulfate and thiourea concentrations and modeling of this process utilizing historical data design confirmed that the most effective parameter was the molar ratio of ferric sulfate to thiourea. Maximum recovery of gold obtained at molar ratio of 1/1. In addition, based on the experimental results, kinetics parameters of first-order reaction for gold dissolution were determined for cyanidation and thiourea leaching separately; therefore, for cyanidation, R∞ and K were 95.59% and 0.59 h−1 respectively, while R∞ and K were in order of 78% and 0.87 h−1 for acidic leaching using thiourea.


As an important link of practice teaching, the Fermentation Engineering and Equipment Course Design can play the connecting role between the preceding and the following in the practice teaching, and lay a good foundation for the students to work in the factory after graduation. The article shall exchange and discuss the teaching links, such as the status, opinion, contents and way of the course design.


Dry socket prevalence after surgical removal of impacted third molars One of the complications that can occur after the third molar surgical removal is the dry socket. It is a condition that installs for delay of the wound healing, due to the disintegration of blood clot in the alveolus after tooth extraction. The patient presents halitosis, persistent pain that is not relieved by analgesics and, usually, no infection signals and symptoms like fever, edema and erythema are present. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of dry sockets in postoperative patients submitted to surgical removal of impacted third molars. One hundred and thirty one patients undergoing to third molar extraction, with the use of high rotation osteotomy or odontosection according to the surgical protocol of the discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of School of Dentistry of São Paulo State University (UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil). Dry socket diagnosis was performed by the clinical observation of the operated area for ten days postoperatively. There were observed 197 postoperative third molar extraction and two cases of dry socket were detected, both in mandibular third molars. The results show a prevalence of 1.015% of the total of surgeries, and 1.290% of dry socket in surgical removal of mandibular third molars. The results allow us to conclude that the prevalence of dry socket after extraction of impacted third molars with the use of high rotation was low, and that does not contribute to the occurrence of postoperative alveolitis.


The work shows the analytical data resulting from experiments concerning the use of a particular clean-up column useful to purify the spices extracts submitted to the HPLC/FD analysis of aflatoxins Bl, B2, G1, G2. The proposed method allows to reduce the length of analysis and simplify the operative conditions to adopt when the immunoaffinity columns are used for purification of the extracts. The HPLC/FD method has been adopted, using post-column derivatisation with Kobra Cell or Coring Cell. Data validation of the method and reproducibility data have been reported, deriving from two laboratories equipped with analogous instrumentation. The RSD values found for the aflatoxin Bl reach 0.05 and 0.07 respectively for two laboratories developing the experiments concerning the measure of reproducibility standard deviation. Such values allow to calculate the uncertainty, according to the NMKL procedure, as ±0.1 μg/kg for levels of aflatoxin Bl like 1 μg/kg and in ±0.5-0.8 μg/kg for concentrations of B1 like 6 μg/kg.


Background of Study: The library has an important role in supporting the process of education and research in a university. Students need a library as a place to study, discuss, work on assignments, or do research. But sometimes students who visit the library feel uncomfortable and confused about the condition they are facing that is usually known as library anxiety. Purpose: This study aims at identifying library anxiety among Graduate School Students in Gadjah Mada University, and examine several factors considered to affect library anxiety, namely barriers to service by librarians, affective, library comfort, knowledge of the library, mechanical/technological, information retrieval, regulation, resources. Method: This is aquantitative deductive research, using a survey approach. The population were Graduate School Students at Gadjah Mada University, with a total sample of 60 students taken by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires. The data were analyzed using smartPLS 3.0. Finding: The results showed that 95% of Graduate School students at Gadjah Mada University experienced library anxiety. There are 8 factors that affecting library anxiety of Graduate School Students in Gadjah Mada University, namely barriers to service by librarians, affective, library comfort, knowledge of the library, mechanic/technology, information retrieval, regulation, resources. Conclution: The library anxiety experienced by Graduate School students in Gadjah Mada University is 100% influenced by those 8 factors tested in this study.


Abstract— The activities of Na‐K ATPase and acetylcholinesterase in the rat brain cortex were measured at different postnatal ages as a function of temperature. It was found that compared to acetylcholinesterase, Na‐K ATPase is more strongly affected by the rise in temperature and that this response is further enhanced with age. Arrhenius plots of the data were prepared and the apparent energies of activation were computed for each plot. It was observed that all plots were biphasic except that for Na‐K ATPase of the immature (5‐day‐old) brain which showed no transition temperature, with an apparent energy of activation of 15.5 kcal/mol. The enzyme from the mature brain (25‐day‐old) showed an average transition temperature of 22.6°C, with average apparent energies of activation of 15.3 and 27.2 kcal/mol above and below the transition temperature respectively. The cortex of 1‐day‐old rat showed no Na‐K ATPase activity. Arrhenius plots of acetylcholinesterase studied at ages 1, 5 and 25 days postnatally all showed transition temperatures which increased from an average of 16.1°C for 1‐day‐old to 17 and 21.5°C for 5‐ and 25‐day‐old animals respectively. The average apparent energies of activation for acetylcholinesterase below the transition temperature changed from 8.3 kcal/mole at day 1 to 8.7 and 7.2 kcal/mol at days 5 and 25, while above the transition temperature they were 4.3, 5.2 and 4.1 at days 1, 5 and 25 respectively. The results are discussed in terms of the differences and changes in the interactions of Na‐K ATPase and acetylcholinesterase with membrane lipids during the postnatal phase of brain development.


Social media advertisement has great impact on the consumers loyalty. Factors affecting brand loyalty are quality of product as well as effective and entertaining social media advertisement. In the views of consumers best social media is Face Book rather than Instagram and Messengers most liked advertisement is Coke due to it entertaining advertisement in social media.


Rainwater harvesting on rooves is a sustainable solution for global water scarcity. The contamination of roofing materials due to biological organisms and other environmental pollutants limits the utilization of roof harvested rainwater for domestic and industrial applications. Similarly, roof contamination leads to several aesthetic, functional, and environmental concerns highlighting the importance of developing green self‐cleaning technology for roofing applications. Solar‐energy‐driven semiconductor‐based photocatalytic self‐cleaning coatings are a promising approach to minimizing roof contamination against both biological and non‐biological pollutants. However, the development of such technology on painted steel substrates for long‐term outdoor applications has become limited due to the number of challenges are analyzed in this review. Accordingly, challenges, recent developments, and future perspectives of developing and evaluating the performance of photocatalytic self‐cleaning coating systems for roofing applications have been critically reviewed in this article analyzing the research findings of recent studies.


Abstract Background: Labour market policy aims to fight against unemployment and to raise employment. With this study we attempt to contribute to the evidence of the effectiveness of active labour market policy. Objectives: In the empirical part of the paper we aim to research the relations between the labour market policies and macroeconomic variables. Methods/Approach: In order to distinguish the effects of expenditures for labour market policies on unemployment rate, we separately analysed the effects of expenditures for active labour market policies and the effects of expenditures for passive labour market policies on unemployment rate using panel regression analysis. Results: The expenditures for active labour market policies have negative and statistically significant effect on unemployment rate, whereas the expenditures for passive labour market policies have positive and statistically significant effect on unemployment rate. Conclusions: Not only the activation strategies with benefit conditioning, but also encouraging and enabling unemployed person to actively approach in searching for a job should be implemented. The implementation of activation strategies which create favourable conditions for unemployed people to develop their skills, fulfil their potential, continuously maintain contacts with the employers and actively participate in the society should be supported.


This research was intended to describe: (a) the process of teaching and learning speaking skill through active learning strategy type everyone is a teacher here, (b) to describe the lecturer's effort to enhance the students' speaking skill by using active learning strategy. This was a classroom action research and used Kemmis and Mc Taggart design. It took place at The Institute for Islamic Studies Yasni Bungo. The research participants were the students at the second Semester of Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (PGMI/SD) department, Tarbiyah Faculty. The Institute for Islamic Studies Yasni Bungo academic year 2021/2022. The research was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consisted of three meetings. In collecting the data, the researcher used observation, field note, interview and tasks. Finding of this research showed that the teaching and learning process through active learning strategy was fun, more interesting and challenging for students and also it made them participate actively in the class activities. There were enhancements on students' skill after the students taught by using active learning, it could be seen from the enhancement of students' score from the first cycle to the second cycle. In summary, it can be concluded that the active learning could be used in teaching vocabulary and speaking skill.


This study builds on Laufer and Hulstijn's (2001) motivationalcognitive construct of task-induced involvement in learning vocabulary and addresses itself to its strong claim that the depth of processing is the overriding factor in learning words. The paper first re-examines the effect of processing load and then of task type on the initial learning and retention of words. To do so, 60 EFL learners from two branches of an English institute were selected. The participants were then randomly assigned to three groups: The first group completed an input-oriented task with an involvement index of three; the second group also completed the same type of task but with an involvement index of two, and the third group completed an output-oriented task with the same involvement load as that of the first group. The comparison of the performance of the groups in the immediate and delayed posttests reveals that contrary to the prediction of the involvement load


High-quality InP is grown on (100) InP substrates by molecular beam epitaxy using triethylindium and red phosphorus. Introduction of hydrogen during growth is found to be effective in improving crystal quality. Epitaxial layers are n-type and the highest achieved 77 K mobility is 32000 cm2v-1s-1 with a carrier concentration of 8.7×1014 cm-3.


The possible effects of conventional Pakistani cooking practices on the integrity and stability of naturally occurring aflatoxins in a complex food matrix of sweet dishes were observed. Three conventional local sweet dishes of pistachio nuts, naturally contaminated with different levels of aflatoxins were studied. Prior to cooking there was a decrease in recovery of aflatoxins from the various types of food matrices in all the three sweet dishes. Some variations were observed from the initial contents and the recovery from the precooked contents of naturally contaminated aflatoxins of two sweet dishes. Some variation in the recovery of aflatoxins in the milk based sweet dish was also observed.


They were talking in the wet canteen, where soldiers quench their thirst, All sitting round at tables-the drinks were ordered first. Then Private Michael Smith held forth; he had a lot to say On the relative connection of proficiency and pay. Himself a third·class shot-the cause was evident and clear, From his workmanlike appearance when he faced a mug of beer. The bullets from his rifle went on most erratic trips, But arm him with a tankard, and he'd never miss his lips.


Framed as part of relatively few studies on representations of rurality in Poland, this paper analyses how the image of the countryside is remembered in the consciousness of inhabitants and represented in the form of freehand sketches.


Purpose – The design of the Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH) currently in use was optimized by its designers in order to attain maximum protection against ballistic impacts (fragments, shrapnel, etc.) and hard-surface/head collisions. Since traumatic brain injury experienced by a significant fraction of the soldiers returning from the recent conflicts is associated with their exposure to blast, the ACH should be redesigned in order to provide the necessary level of protection against blast loads. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – In the present work, an augmentation of the ACH for improved blast protection is considered. This augmentation includes the use of a polyurea (a nano-segregated elastomeric copolymer) based ACH external coating. To demonstrate the efficacy of this approach, blast experiments are carried out on instrumented head-mannequins (without protection, protected using a standard ACH, and protected using an ACH augmented by a polyurea explosive-resistant coatin...


Aiming at the current non-expedite phenomenon resulting from the declining tendency of housing loans guarantee insurance, this paper applies the methodology of the comparative study, drawing on USA's advanced experience in risk security mechanism of housing loans guarantee insurance and taking the situation of our country into consideration, to find out and analyze a good many factors which affect the normal movement of housing loans guarantee insurance. Some solutions and policy advices for building an efficient risk security mechanism of housing loans guarantee insurance are also given.


Abstract : The objective of this research project was to increase the current level of understanding of the interaction between an unsteady hydrodynamic field and the chemical kinetics in a laminar diffusion flamelet. A steady counterflow diffusion flame burner has been modified to allow periodic oscillations of the input velocity. Laser diagnostics were used to quantitatively measure soot volume fraction in an unsteady propane-air counterflow diffusion flame. The instantaneous strain rate at global flame extinction for a propane-air flame has been measured as a function of steady strain and both amplitude and frequency of the unsteady component Two component LDV was used to measure the velocities allowing determination of the true strain rate. The phase lag between velocity and strain rate was quantified. Low frequency oscillations in the reactant flow rates increased net soot production by as much as 6 times over the steady flame. At low initial strain rates, high frequency oscillations reduce the maximum soot volume fraction by as much as 90% of the steady flame soot concentration. At high initial strain rates, soot production was insensitive to high frequency oscillations.


Tamoxifen is an endocrine therapy which is administered to up to 70% of all breast cancer patients with oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression. Despite the initial response, most patients eventually acquire resistance to the drug. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non‐coding RNAs which have the ability to post‐transcriptionally regulate genes. Although the role of a few miRNAs has been described in tamoxifen resistance at the single gene/target level, little is known about how concerted actions of miRNAs targeting biological networks contribute to resistance. Here we identified the miRNA cluster, C19MC, which harbours around 50 mature miRNAs, to be up‐regulated in resistant cells, with miRNA‐519a being the most highly up‐regulated. We could demonstrate that miRNA‐519a regulates tamoxifen resistance using gain‐ and loss‐of‐function testing. By combining functional enrichment analysis and prediction algorithms, we identified three central tumour‐suppressor genes (TSGs) in PI3K signalling and the cell cycle network as direct target genes of miR‐519a. Combined expression of these target genes correlated with disease‐specific survival in a cohort of tamoxifen‐treated patients. We identified miRNA‐519a as a novel oncomir in ER+ breast cancer cells as it increased cell viability and cell cycle progression as well as resistance to tamoxifen‐induced apoptosis. Finally, we could show that elevated miRNA‐519a levels were inversely correlated with the target genes' expression and that higher expression of this miRNA correlated with poorer survival in ER+ breast cancer patients. Hence we have identified miRNA‐519a as a novel oncomir, co‐regulating a network of TSGs in breast cancer and conferring resistance to tamoxifen. Using inhibitors of such miRNAs may serve as a novel therapeutic approach to combat resistance to therapy as well as proliferation and evasion of apoptosis in breast cancer. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2014 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.


It has been 10 years since Klausner et al. first reported on a syphilis outbreak related to finding sex partners on the Internet. In addition to describing a string of chat room-related cases of early syphilis among men who have sex with men (MSM), they also found that during the outbreak, early-stage syphilis cases were significantly more likely than controls to have met their sexual partners online.1 In an accompanying article, McFarlane et al. found that the practice of online sex seeking was already particularly common among MSM at the time and that having sex with partners found on the Internet was associated with risk factors for sexually transmitted disease (STD)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission.2 In the decade since the publication of these 2 reports, much has been learned about the interface between sexual behaviors and the Internet. What was an apparently small step for MSM, turned out to be quite the leap for the way partnerships can be initiated, and using the Internet is rapidly becoming an important means to find social, romantic, and sexual partners, especially among older adults.3 Nonetheless, the perception that the Internet is a particularly risky place to find sex partners has prevailed. Indeed, at the writing of this editorial, the social networking site Facebook has just been implicated with the rise of syphilis in a number of UK counties4 and, back in the United States, legislation has been proposed in the state of Pennsylvania to outlaw "sexting," i.e., sending nude pictures of oneself to partners and friends by mobile telephones.5 However, the evidence that online dating is risky is based largely on circumstantial evidence. Indeed, there are little scientific data to support the suggestion that looking for sex partners online is riskier than doing so in a bar, a bath house, or the annual staff party. It all depends, of course, on the prior risk behaviors of the partners who are met in these places and the sexual networks they belong to. It is conceivable that the dynamics of online partnering, given its intensity and its potential overlap of sexual and social networks, may lead to higher than average risk for STD and HIV, but ultimately we should be able to provide empirical data that this is, in fact, so. Yet, the only study that has investigated the relationship between online partnering and the prevalence of STD (chlamydia or gonorrhea), did not find such an association among MSM or heterosexual women and actually found a negative association, i.e., a protective effect among heterosexual men.6 There may have been biases to this study to explain these findings,7 but alternative explanations should be explored. Consider the lengthy online courtship before starting an offline romantic relationship as enacted to popular acclaim by Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan in "You've Got Mail" (1998). (As an interesting aside, and adding to the movie's intrigue, the film's protagonists revealed more of their true characters in their virtual communication than in their personal interactions before they become aware of their actual identities.) The film's latency period between virtual and factual dating has a corollary in a study by Padgett who surveyed a large group of women who had used online personal advertisements to find romantic partners. This study found that, before face-to-face meeting, a large number of women reported a high frequency and high intensity of e-mail communication to negotiate safety, boundaries, sexual preferences, STDs, and condom use. On the other hand, perhaps due to a heightened sense of intimacy, a third of surveyed women had sexual intercourse at their first face-to-face encounter, and the majority of them did not use condoms at the occasion.8 The potential for online communication to discuss and negotiate anticipated sexual behavior was also found in a study among MSM that we conducted a few years ago in the Denver STD clinic. In this study, we found that MSM who recruited sex partners online reported discussing HIV serostatus with their prospective partners 4 times more frequently than MSM recruiting sex partners in bath houses.9 This finding may be of particular importance given that "serosorting" (i.e., selecting sex partners on the basis of identical HIV serostatus) is gaining popularity, especially among


We introduce a queueing model for passengers waiting to get transport by drivers participating in a ridesharing system. The effect of available drivers' mobility pattern, their willingness to accept rides in a given location, and the incentives offered by the platform, on system throughput is considered. We characterize the largest set of passenger arrival rates which can be served by a fixed number of drivers under any policy dictating the mobility pattern of available drivers. It turns out that any rate in this set can be achieved by offering appropriate constant but region-dependent rewards to drivers for passenger pick up. Moreover, it is shown that dynamic rewards which scale in proportion to the number of passengers waiting for pick up in each region, not only maximize throughput but also significantly decrease pick up delays.


According to the definition of administrative free adjudication,this article analyses the nature of the punishment power of teachers and makes clear the free adjudication in the punishment power of teachers.With the facts that teachers abuse it,the authors argue that teachers' free adjudication must be controlled rationally in order that students' rights and interests can be stuck up to achieve effective administration,and manager school by law.


GBS patients with evidence infection clinically to without evidence of ZIKV infection, but more likely to have facial weakness and paresthesia during acute neurologic illness and report abnormal tear production at 6 months post neurologic onset. Pathophysiologic investigations should examine potential ZIKV autoimmune response preferential effect of cranial nerves among GBS patients. 314. Zika Background. Increasing data has shown the relationship between Zika Virus (ZIKV) and neurological complications. However, there are still uncertainties about the prognosis of these complications. The aim of this study is to show the neurological characteristics of patients six months after a Guillain–Barré episode related to ZIV infection. Methods. Patients with a Guillain–Barré episode were identified prospectively at five intensive care units in an endemic zone in Colombia (Valledupar, near the Caribbean coast of Colombia). Brighton´s criteria for Guillain–Barré case definition were used to classify the patients. Clinical data from the clinical records was used. Patients with a positive Zika serology were followed after 6 months. Results. Of 25 patients with a diagnosis of Guillain–Barré, 20 had a serological study for ZIKV and it was positive in 19 patients (95%). Seventy-five Background. significant clinicians solely based on clinical presentations since the diagnostic testing capacities of are limited. Unfortunately, the most common infections in this tropical environ-ment share highly similar manifestations, complicating the identification of etiol- ogies and leading to the misdiagnosis of illness. When pathogen-specific testing is available, generally at top-tier specialist hospitals, the limited range of tests and slow turnaround times may never lead to a definitive diagnosis or improved patient outcomes. Methods. To identify clinical parameters that can be used for differentiating the most common causes of fever in Indonesia, we evaluated clinical data from 1,486 acute febrile patients enrolled in a multi-site observational cohort study during 2013 to 2016. spp. spp. Leptospira blood chemistry results (B) for the color-coded Comparing the profiles of all infected reveals parameters that are uniquely associated with particular such as leukopenia with dengue virus. Conclusion. These observations will assist clinicians in healthcare systems with limited diagnostic testing capacities and may be useful in formulating diagnostic algo- rithms for Indonesia and other developing countries. Session: 51. Emerging Resistance – Epidemiology and Mechanisms Background. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of S. pneumoniae serotype 19A isolates from invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children, before and after the introduction of pneumo- coccal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in Greece. Methods. All S. pneumoniae isolates collected between 1986 and 2015 were re-cultured for further testing. Serotyping was performed using the quellung reaction and antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by E-test. The altered pbp genes ( pbp2b , pbp2x , and pbp1a ) conferring resistance to penicillin and the macrolide-resistant genes [mef(A), mef(E), and erm(B)] were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. The sequence types (ST) and clonal complexes were determined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results. Among 1,875 isolates Background. Ceftolozane-tazobactam (CT) is a newly approved cephalo- sporin/ β -lactamase inhibitor combination with excellent in vitro activity against mul-tidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa . Unfortunately, CT-resistance (CT-R) has already been reported. In this work, we evaluate mutational pathways associated with high level of CT-R and assess the role of AmpC in a clinical strain-pair of MDR P. aeruginosa . Methods. A CT susceptible isolate of P. aeruginosa (2365) and its CT-R deriv-atives (2366 and 2367) were recovered from the infected device of a patient before and after treatment with CT. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to CT were determined by Etest. Resistance mediated by AmpC hyperproduction


Characteristics of an ecosystem are altered both as sudden modifications induced by the passage of the fire and the delayed changes derived from the simultaneous modifications of various soil physical and chemical parameters. Effects of fire on soil properties was performed in experimental plots, whose fuel amount was altered in order to obtain different heating intensities with the aim of determining changes in the soil physico-chemical parameters at varying heating temperatures. The research was conducted in a continuous cropped arable experimental plots located at the University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm (UUTRF), Use-Offot, Uyo, Nigeria for four growing seasons, between March, 2010 to October, 2011. Core and bulk samples from the burned and adjacent unburned plots (control) were collected for physico-chemical analysis using standard procedures. These induced temperatures were highly variable on the soil surface. Temperature differences significantly (P


Object of this bachelor work is presented by economic legislation as a system of legal relationships, which strikes upon czechoslovak national economy area between 1948-1989. There is described its formation, development and destruction within the context of historic facts in this work. Economic code - the basic rule of economic law is described in more detail. There is comparison of past and present economic legislation at the end of this work.


. Specific emitter identification (SEI) is a technique for recognizing different emitters of the same type which have the same modulation parameters. Using only the classic modulation parameters for recognition, one cannot distinguish different emitters of a same type. To solve the problem, new features urgently need to be developed for recognition. This paper focuses on the common phenomenon of frequency drift, defines geometric features of frequency drift curve and, finally, proposes a practical algorithm of specific emitter identification using the geometric features. The proposed algorithm consists of three processes: instantaneous frequency estimation based on the adaptive fractional spectrogram, feature extraction of frequency drift curve based on geometric methods for describing a curve and recognition process based on support vector machine. Simulation results show that the identification rate is generally more than 98% above –5 dB of signal to noise ratio (SNR), and real data experiment verifies the practical performance of the proposed algorithm.


This paper deals with the problem of admission control/channel access in power-controlled decentralized wireless networks, in which the quality-of-service (QoS) is expressed in terms of the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR). We analyze a previously proposed admission control algorithm, which was designed to maintain the SIR of operational (active) links above some given threshold at all times (protection of active links). This protection property ensures that as new users attempt to join the network, the already established links sustain their quality. The considered scheme may be thus applicable in some cognitive radio networks, where the fundamental premise is that secondary users may be granted channel access only if it does not cause disturbance to primary users.
The admission control algorithm was previously analyzed under the assumption of affine interference functions. This paper extends all the previous results to arbitrary standard interference functions, which capture many important receiver designs, including optimal linear reception in the sense of maximizing the SIR and the worst-case receiver design. Furthermore, we provide novel conditions for protection of active users under the considered control scheme when individual power constraints are imposed on each link. Finally, we consider the possibility of a joint optimization of transmitters and receivers in networks with linear transceivers, which includes linear beamforming in multiple antenna systems. Transmitter optimization is performed alternately with receiver optimization to generate non-decreasing sequences of SIRs. Numerical evaluations show that additional transmitter side optimization has potential for significant performance gains.


Recent work [1 ] on recovered tantalum gas gun and HE driven samples has shown that incipient damage forms a path with a well defined roughness exponent. The path involves regions of localized plastic flow, in the HE driven case, and localized flow regions between voids, or "mixed mode", in the gas gun case. The localized plastic flow can be diffuse or very localized into a "micro shear band." The roughness property is an affine statistical scaling with a different scaling ratio between the shock and transverse directions. In this work, we model the scaling properties of the mixed mode damage paths with models of shear localization between voids. These models involve a bifurcation condition for necking down localization, similar to that of Thomason, and a "micro shear band" condition. The localization condition is driven by both pressure and shear, hence, the name "mixed mode." Monte Carlo simulations of the damage path will be conducted using these models to test them for the affine scaling.


Introduction: Depression is a kind of common mental disorder and nutrition has a role in its prevention and treatment. In previous studies, a relationship was found between depression and intake of some nutrients and food but the results were contradictory and the reason of these contradictions was ignoring the diet. The purpose of this review study is to determine the relationship between the diet and depression. Materials and Methods: By using the keywords (depression OR anxiety) AND (diet OR nutrition OR food) AND (pattern OR habit OR behavior in databases of (SID, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus Elsevier). the number of 352 articles were obtained. After removing the repeated and unrelated articles, 19 articles that were published in the time period of 2009-2015 entered the study. Results: From the all found studies, 4 studies were cross-sectional, 11 studies were cohort and 3 studies were casecontrol. In all these studies, diet was tested by food frequency questionnaire, 24 hour recall and food record. Also, depression was tested by CES-D (Centre For Epidemiologic Depression Scale) or diagnosis of doctors. In general, 2 types of diet were identified: healthy diet and unhealthy diet. Healthy diet is significantly associated with the reduction of depression while there was no relationship between unhealthy diet and depression. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the receiving lots of fruit, vegetable, fish and cereal maybe associated with the reduction of depression. Although it seems that more accurate control and cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.


Background: Prostate cancer is the most common malignant cancer and the second most common cancer in men worldwide. It is the second leading cause of death after lung cancer in men. This study performed to determine the risk factors for prostate cancer in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. Method: The present study was a retrospective and case-control study in which 80 prostate cancer patients and 140 controls matched in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. Data collected using a questionnaire and interviewed by the researcher. To analyze the data, Chi-square and logistic regression tests with odds ratio with 95% confidence conducted using SPSS v.22 software. Results: The results showed that in the univariate conditional logistics analysis, The highest odds ratio for prostate cancer related to red meat consumption 2-4 times a week (95% CI: 2.60 – 26.40) was 20.74 and The smallest odds ratio was related to continuous physical activity 0.34 ( 95% CI: 0.19 – 0.61). In the multivariate conditional logistic regression model, after removing the confounding variables, it was observed that the history of pelvic imaging, red meat consumption 2-4 times a week, fast food consumption and processed meat consumption 2-4 times a week, Family history of prostate cancer, history of urogenital infections were identified as the most effective factors in prostate cancer. Conclusion: Family history of prostate cancer, history of urinary tract infection, history of smoking, history of pelvic imaging, consumption of red meat, consumption of fast food and processed meats were the most important predictors of prostate cancer in this study. It can be considered by educational and health planners to prevent this cancer and take appropriate intervention measures.


In the construction industry, auctions have long been used as a method for allocating contracts. Not addressed in the literature (engineering or economics) is the fact that most, if not all, large jobs are awarded to a general contractor who in turn sub-contracts most, if not all, actual engineering services. Optimal bidding strategies in this setting require the general contractor to not only account for the optimal bidding strategies of rivals, but sub-contractors as well. Because the true cost of construction is not known until after the completion of the contract, adverse selection occurs when the winner of the contract is the one that most has under estimated the true cost. Due to the multi-stage bidding environment, adverse selection may be compounded. Therefore, not accounting for the potential for adverse selection by bidders may result in requested change orders by the general and sub-contractors or lower quality services. Either state ultimately results in an adversarial relationship between the subcontractor and general contractor, and the client as well. This paper uses game theory to determine to what extent the multi-stage aspects of large construction contract bidding may contribute to inefficient allocation of contracts. This should better help in creating an efficient and effective contracting environment that result in less conflicts, claims and disputes for all the associated stakeholders.


Objective To explore the relationship between interleukin(IL)-10,IL-13 and immunoglobulins in infants with infectious pneumonia.Methods Serum IL-10,IL-13,IgG,IgA,IgM were detected by ELISA and rate scattered nephelometry in infants with infectious pneumonia and control infants.If serum concentration was more than 20 mg/L,infants were defined as bacterial infection by other clinical data.All the infants with pneumonia were divided into 4 groups,then results were analyzed.Results Fourty cases (36.0 %) were positive special serum IgM in pneumonias group while all were negative in control group.Twenty-three (20.7 %) were probably infected by viruses and mycoplasmas,45 (40.5 %) bacteria,17(15.3 %) both of viruses and mycoplasmas complicated bacteria,26(23.4 %) other pathogen;2.serum IgA,IgM concentration of pneumonia group were higher than those of the controls.Among them,IgA of infants with viral and mycoplasmal pneumonia was higher than that of the other pneumonia and the controls;IgM with bacterial pneumonias was higher than that of the controls;3.there was positive correlation between serum IgG,IgA,IgM and IL-10 respectively in the group infected by viruses and mycoplasmas;there was positive correlation between serum IgM and IL-13 in the group infected by both viruses and mycoplasmas complicated bacteria,bacteria group and control group respectively.Conclusions When infants suffer from infectious pneumonia, IgA plays an important role in anti-viral humoral immunity;IL-10 may perform immuno-regulatory function in the production of IgA ; IgM plays an important part in anti-bacterial humoral immunity,and IL-13 may regulate the production of IgM.


In this paper, an automatic modeling method of linear programming problem based on the understanding of natural language and XML is proposed. Meanwhile, an application example is analyzed. It is proved by practice that this method is flexible, general and feasible.


The present invention provides a method and apparatus for generating data hardening effect, wherein the method comprising: acquiring the actual attenuation value for each channel corresponding to the respective angles through the body of the universal module; theoretical attenuation value for each channel in accordance with various angles and the corresponding the actual attenuation value, determine the equivalent thickness corresponding to each channel filtration; substance according to a preset length, the number of sampling points and the thickness of the filtered equivalent corresponding to each channel, to generate the corresponding hardened material effect data. This technical solution does not require special motif, cost savings, in addition, can be generated by treating any one or more substances hardening effect data once, without scanning a plurality of times, time-saving convenience.


Programming is arguably the most important element in the success of any music program or concert series. In a young orchestra program-whether it is a youth symphony or a high school orchestra-and even in most community orchestras, programming is the element that can make or break the entire year. Finding works that challenge the technique and stimulate the musicianship of young performers can be a difficult yet ultimately rewarding task. The music director/conductor/teacher must find those works that fit the level of the vast majority of players, while keeping their interest and enabling them to become excited about the music.


The STS-11 (41-B) postflight data processing is completed and the results published. The final reconstructed entry trajectory is presented. The various atmospheric sources available for this flight are discussed. Aerodynamic Best Estimate of Trajectory BET generation and plots from this file are presented. A definition of the major maneuvers effected is given. Physical constants, including spacecraft mass properties; final residuals from the reconstruction process; trajectory parameter listings; and an archival section are included.


[reaction: see text] Oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones has been studied in high yields using atmospheric oxygen and a catalytic amount of V2O5 in toluene under heating (ca. 100 degrees C). Secondary alcohols can be chemoselectively converted into ketones in the presence of primary hydroxy groups.


This study is to investigate if the sun, moon and light are fixed as expressions that symbolize royal authority. Royal authority stories were reviewed with focus on the sun, moon and light, which appear in Korean and Japanese myths, legends and monogataris. In particular, the tradition of royal authority story and the human relationship of the characters, which can be observed in "The Tale of Genji" were analyzed, focusing on the figurative expressions of the sun, moon and light. There are many cases where the sun, moon and light are used metaphorically, as the symbol of royal authority in both the East and the West. In ancient times, Pharaoh, the King of Egypt was compared to the sun, the son of the God of Sun, Ra, and the creator of all creations. In Korean and Chinese royal authority myths, the birth of the founder required a dream of forthcoming conception of the sun and the moon, and the power of the prominent sovereign and its mysteries were also figuratively expressed with the sun, moon and light. Above all, there are lots of cases where the symbol of sovereign is compared or rhetorically flourished with the sun, moon and light in the founder myths of the Goguryeo, Baekjae and Shilla Dynasties. In the case of Japan, according to the "Kojiki" myth, Amaterasuokami, the God of Sun and Tsukuyominomikoto, the God of Moon were born when Izanagi saw something dirty in the Hwangcheon Nation and cleaned his eyes. Amaterasuokami, the founder of the Emperor family was born from the eye, which gave off light like the sun and this is also related to royal authority. In addition, "The son of the sun that shines high up in the sky" was used a lot of times, in "Manyoshu", to designate the emperor or the imperial prince. By comparing the God of Founder and Emperor with the sun, what the royal authority should be is symbolized. In "The Tale of Genji" during the Heian era, the figurative expressions of the sun, moon and light symbolize the royal authority of the emperor and Hikarugenji. The logic of royal authority attainment of Hikarugenji, the main character of "The Tale of Genji", is formed by gem, light, and the sun and moon. To put it concretely, there were many cases where sunlight was compared to becoming an emperor, and moonlight was compared to Hikarugenji who attains royal authority or the character, who had the role of a guardian. Like the moon, which cannot emit light by itself and shines by the reflected light of the sun, the representation of light, which symbolizes royal authority in "The Tale of Genji", was distinctive in a subtle way, and applied.


1. A method (200) at a node (100) of the network to control the maximum output power node (100) of the network located in a wireless network (10) connection, wherein the node (100) of the network includes a receiver (120), the Global Navigation Satellite system, GNSS receiver for receiving from the GNSS signals, the method comprising: determining (202), it is considered whether the received GNSS signal transmitted from GNSS, detectable, and if so: determining (208) whether the received GNSS signal is received GNSS directly from or through the repeater GNSS; and selecting (209) a power control method for controlling a maximum output node (100) of the network, based on opredeleniya.2 result. A method according to claim 1, wherein the received GNSS signal is considered detectable if it is above a predetermined threshold znacheniya.3. A method according to claim 2, wherein, if the received GNSS signal is below a predetermined threshold, the selection is made between the nominal maximum output value and the adaptive power control method that is based on measurements of a macro base station and / or user equipment measurements .four. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting the power control method comprises a selection method for adaptive power control, which is based on measurements of a macro base station and / or user equipment measurements, when the determination result indicates that the received GNSS signal is received through the repeater GNSS.5. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting the power control method includes selecting a predictive power control method, which is based on GNSS signal measurements to


A laser device for treating skin is provided which includes a handholdable housing; a laser member arranged within the housing emitting an output beam; a printed circuit board mounted on a support block within the housing; and a flexible electrically conductive connector having forward and rear ends, the forward end electrically communicating with the laser member, the rear end electrically communicating with the printed circuit board and an area between the ends allowing the connector to bend through an angle range of 0 to 360 DEG .


ABSTRACT This paper examines party system polarization over 19 general elections in Turkey from1950 to 2018. Using data on party policies from the Comparative Manifesto Project (CMP), we show that, contrary to the common view, party system polarization is not a persistent feature of Turkish politics. We also find that party system polarization on the left-right continuum reflects party differences primarily on social rather than economic or European integration issues. Finally, our results demonstrate that the military interventions in 1960 and 1980 reduced party system polarization in subsequent elections, even when controlling for other determinants of polarization. These findings have important implications for debates on party politics, military rule, and the prospects of democratic governance in developing democracies.


Pulling off prolonged shelf life of buildings is considered to be the most sensitive and thorny target or almost just impossible. Building deteriorating factors involve both natural and unusual. We might not clutch rigid influence over natural ones but could contribute to how to avoid the unusual deteriorating factors like, internal and external seepages, poor sanitation arrangements, aged sewerage lines, bulging walls, peeling, rusting, materials following into disrepair. Maintenance leads to extended shelf life of buildings. This study is to conduct deep analysis of current structural conditions of edifices via (observation or judgmental method) to evaluate current building maintenance practices and to study the level of satisfaction of tenants for building maintenance practices. Comparison was also made between UTM building maintenance practices and HUM. The aim of the study was achieved by adopting a methodology involving qualitative and quantitative analysis i.e. (triangulation method) of data collected for the edifices with the help of questionnaires to study the level of satisfaction of tenants and other structural concerns were asked. Data was analyzed via frequency analysis and descriptive analysis. Results were derived along with statistical values. Study verified that poor maintenance practices are executed by FM department which are insufficient to retain a healthy structure of UTM buildings.


The blockade of local economy and the duty-free barrier in technology as a part of protective trade policy in the industrialized nations in recent years make worse the circumstance of enterprise, and as a rapid skill evolution and rivalry gradually deepened, the situation of running the enterprise is meeting with the worst. To make us more miserable, for the domestic physical distribution market by dint of negotiation of UR in the end of last year, the fields of agriculture and livestock such as grain, meat, fruit, etc. will be continuously eroded by foreign enterprises. And, as a thresh hold of the 3 staged opening of physical distribution market and its complete opening in 1996, the domestic physical distribution market is accessing to the door of internationalization. In the modern economical community, the economical cycle is composed of three processes such as production, physical distribution and consumption, and the balanced development of national economy can be understood as the modernization in production, physical distribution and consumption. It can be also said that it is a grim reality of nowaday's Korean economy that the physical distribution field, as Dr. Drucker has pointed out, is remained as one of the economy's dark continent in spite that the fields of production and consumption as well as change or modernization in their economical, social and cultural circumstances are upgraded to a certain degree. For the reduction in cost through rationalization in production, there will be a limit, but the physical distribution cost in an enterprise is rapidly increasing year after year, the perception and significance of which are being focussed as a solution to upgrading the competitive power in an enterprise. It will be possible for an enterprise to augment its profit through physical distribution activity, and the effective control of physical distribution is directly connected with the reduction in cost, which will show an effect of augmentation in profit. The circumstance of physical distribution by a high-level growth in national economy is widely changed, but it can be said that the physical distribution economy that connects wi th both production and consumption in economy is highly falling behind. Therefore, we can not but concern on the physical distribution that has been neglected, for the rationalization in management is severely deteriorated. If the control in physical distribution had not accomplished even though the rationalization in management has well fulfilled, the loss in an enterprise will be great. Therefore, we can tell that this phenomenon means that the profit in an enterprise reached the limitation, the enterprise's profit is eroded as the expenses of physical distribution increase year by year, and the evolution and improvement in physical distribution is a pivotal key to make revive the competitive power and as well a treasure of enterprise's profit, which is greatly important to compete with the trend of internationalization. I, in this article, have thought that there needs a standardization of physical distribution inevitable for enforcing the competitive power in trade in this country in order to effectively solve the several problems on the field of physical distribution.


The feasibility of the pressure-driven electro-dewatering (EDW) on aerobically and anaerobically stabilised sludge samples, taken from four different wastewater treatment plants around the metropolitan area of Milan (Italy), has been assessed. First, sewage sludges were characterized by measuring DS content, VS/DS ratio, pH, conductivity, zeta potential and capillary suction time (CST) of the liquid fraction. Then, after a preliminary centrifugation of the sludge samples in the laboratory, pressure-driven EDW tests have been performed in a lab-scale device, under the application of 300 kPa of pressure and an applied voltage of 15 V. The DS content increased up to 18.4-31.1%, (with an increase of 8.6% to 23.0% from the initial DS value) depending on the characteristics of the sludge samples and the polymer dosage. If compared with EDW tests, the increase due to the sole effect of pressure ranged from 3 to 10% and strictly depended on polymer dosage. The characteristics of sludge that affect the increase of the DS content were investigated during both the pressure-driven stage and the EDW stage. Polyelectrolyte addition (4 and 8 g/kgDS) mainly affected the pressuredriven phase of the tests. However, the VS/DS ratio was the main factor affecting the pressuredriven stage on the unconditioned aerobically stabilised samples. CST values could also reliably predict the efficiency of this stage during experiments.


Starting with small, rough, and low-detailed base models, √3- subdivision is able to produce smooth and highly accurate models by adaptive subdivision. However, current smoothing methods are only unidirectional, i.e., a mesh can be smoothed locally, but it is not possible to adaptively coarsen the mesh again. As a consequence, for view-dependent display, a change of the viewing parameters requires a complete restart at the base level. In this paper, a framework for bidirectional adaptive subdivision is presented, which allows us to adapt the current triangulation in both directions locally, i.e., add detail where required and remove detail whenever possible. It operates on the current triangulation only, i.e., there is no need to restore any previous states. Our smoothing process allows us to keep a constant frame rate within every single step in the refinement loop. To avoid popping artifacts, inserted and removed vertices are "geomorphed." Basic key-frame animation support is provided by moving positions of vertices of the base mesh. The framework is suitable for various applications, e.g., as part of a graphics engine for computer games or for character modeling. As a proof of concept, we implemented a view-dependent application, rendering a large number of arbitrary meshes at interactive frame rates with sufficient detail.


Background: Bacillary dysentery or shigellosis is an infectious disease that occurs in the colon caused by bacteria of the genus Shigella. It has been widely reported that the bacteria Shigella dysenteriae resistant to many kinds of antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, and chloramphenicol. White galangal rhizome contains flavonoid and other compounds such as tannin have antibacterial effects. Method: This study is a kind of experimental laboratory study, post-test only control group design with a dilution method. The sample used in this study were Shigella dysenteriae obtained from Regional Health Laboratory in Palu, Central Sulawesi. Concentration of extracts used were 6.25%, 12.5%, 25% and 50% with four repetitions. Shigella dysenteriae is planted in the appropriate media and then dripped Alpinia galanga [L] Swartz extract various concentrations of and observed growth. The antibacterial effect is measured by the minimal inhibitory concentration (KHM / MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (KBM / MBC). Results: Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of the extract from white galangal rhizome (Alpinia galanga [L] Swartz) was 25% and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) value was 50%. Conclusion: White galangal rhizome extract (Alpinia galanga [L] Swartz) has an antibacterial effect against Shigella dysenteriae.


The reform of the UN human rights machinery has been the victim of the attempt to reform the United Nations more generally. This chapter flags an issue: does it matter what happens to the UN human rights machinery. Clearly, it is important to victims of human rights violations, but is it also important to states trying to reduce the risks of instability, and is it important to states trying to avoid accountability? Does that machinery matter, either in its own right or as something that feeds into the political process? The chapter shows first, that it matters, and secondly, why it matters. It also explains about what that machinery is at present, and how it may be changed. Keywords: human rights violations; reform; UN human rights machinery; victims


Mathematical morphology is a non-linear tool to analyze information,and it provides a tool for the analyzing and processing of images based on morphology and set theory.For main arithmetic operators are used,namely Dilation,Erosion,Opening and Closing.This paper presents an improved method for skeleton minimization reconstruction of image based on mathematical morphology,after gray image function mapping into binary one,and achieves desirable results.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a photovoltaic glass surface antireflection film, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of firstly, preparing inorganic-organic hybrid silicasol; secondly, coating; thirdly, hydrophobic treatment; and fourthly, solidification treatment. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the film-substrate cohesion between an antireflection film and substrate photovoltaic glass is stronger, and therefore, the wiping resistance of the coated photovoltaic glass surface antireflection film is enhanced; a layer of hydrophobic group with low surface energy is formed on the surface of the antireflection film, and therefore, the corrosion of moisture to a film microstructure is reduced, and the long service life of the coated photovoltaic glass is ensured; and the invention has low whole process cost and simple technical route and is suitable for industrial and large-scale application.


Conventional methods used in determining green-life are still relatively difficult to use because they are subjective. The initial phase shift from green to yellowish-green as the end of green-life is very difficult to detect and quantify with naked eyes. Therefore, we need a standard method that can be used to determine its green-life. The purpose of this study was to test a new method for determining the green-life based on image processing data of Cavendish banana after receiving post-harvest treatments. The data were collected from Cavendish banana at various maturity levels which had received post-harvest treatments of fruit coatings and storage temperatures. The results showed that the intensity of red (I-Red) as a component of the yellow colour has increased, while the intensity of green (I-Green) has decreased until the end of the observation. Green life ended when I-Red showed a greater value than I-Green. Cavendish banana in cold temperature storage showed a longer green life than room temperature storage with an average of 17.83 days and the longest was 35 days. Meanwhile, storage at room temperature showed an average green life length of 13.25 days with the longest period was 16 days.


Cancer is the leading cause of death by disease among U.S. children ages 1–14 years; however, over the last few decades there has been a dramatic increase in survival in these individuals. Although free of cancer, survivors are faced with a variety of chronic health problems including an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities. The effect of cancer treatments on vascular structure and function in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) has not been examined.


The Pt/PbZrxTi1−xO3 (PZT) interfacial reaction caused by low-temperature (320 °C) annealing and resulting change in the surface Fermi level position (Schottky barrier height) has been studied by using in vacuo x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A thin (2 nm) Pt layer was deposited on a polycrystalline PZT film and annealed in 0.5-Torr H2 and O2 in a chamber connected to the XPS chamber. For the PZT samples annealed prior to Pt deposition, a small amount of metallic Pb was produced after the Pt deposition. The annealing also moved the surface Fermi level (EF) at the Schottky interface toward the conduction band minimum (EC) of PZT by 0.4 eV, as evidenced by the band-bending shift of the PZT core levels. Excess metallic states appeared in the valence-band spectra of an annealed bare PZT surface. There was no appreciable annealing-atmosphere dependence in the amount of metallic Pb produced and surface EF position at the PT/PZT interface. However, a clear annealing-atmosphere dependence was observed for ...