MaL PRESIDENT AND GENTLEMEN, Tmhe President of this great association has already welcomed you to Ireland. Let me feebly, perhaps, but with all my heart, echo that welcome on this the first occa.sion of tr our meeting here. My next duity is to thank you for the distinction you have conferred upon myself in requesting ine to deliver the address of this day,-a distinction that would be a high one were it conferred by it my own College,-high if conferred by the professioni of my own country, a but which now comes to me as a triplc honour when presented to me by the profession of the United Kingdom. And among the bonds that unite the three divisions of this our kingdom together, therc are none t stronger than those ofour profession, soaringin its exercise above all sectac rian discords. We know no difference of race, or creed, or colour, for every man is our neighbour; and when we remember that the Redeemer, while on earth, chose the healing of the sick as one of the most impressive evidences of his divine missioni, we must ever hold in respect the exercise t of a profession that devotes its efforts to the same object. On the walls of our old, and I hope soon to see it on otur new, College Hall, stands the motto, to reminid us of this, "llnAP'TYIZTOT EXTIN UZXI." 1 Perhaps the greatest, truest, and most convincing tribute that can be I paid to the worth of the profession of medicine is tbis, that when members of our profession have spent a long life in its exercise,-when on their death-beds,-when the past is a dream, the present a flitting moment, and the future an awful eternity,-they have thought the best use they could make of their wealth was to leave it to hospitals and schools of medicine, where the profession they had so long followed would continue to be taught and to be practised. In our own city, we have only to look around us to see examples of this. Oii the north, one of the noblest piles of architecture in thle city, the Rotunda Lyiig-ill Hospital, deivoted to the relief of stuffering woman, was foundecd by a physician, Dr. Mosse, who gave his fortune and years of labour to the work. Westward is one of our greatest hospitals, Stevens's, withl upwards of two hundred beds, always open to the sick, founded by the bequest of a physician of the name. In another direction is the celebrated Carmichael School of Medicine, buiilt from the bequest of a good and great man who has only lately passed from among us, distinguished as a great surgeon and teacher, who served his country, cured the soldier abroad, the civilian at home, and who left a large portion of his wealth to promote the teaching of medicine, as the best boon he could leave behind him for fellow man. Eastward we see Sir Patrick Dun's Hospital, one of our foremost schools of clinical medicinie anid surgery, built and supportedimainily by a fortune left by the first President of the College of Physicians under its present charter, granted by William and Alary. He was ani Englishman, and Physician to William the Third, and that noble hospital, opening its gates to all comers in need of relief, stands a monument of charity on the part of its founder, and of reproach to us that while the Englishman, dwelling among us in the midst of all the bad passiomis of civil wvar, felt equally for all, and left this monument of charity to our people,


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Macular degeneration affects over half a million people in the UK. Carers need to know about the disease and what can be done. Tom Bremridge explains.


Azo dyes, as the largest group of synthetic dyes released from textile and dyestuff industries, have caused serious environmental problems in China. We investigated the removal ability and physiological response of Iris pseudacorus to simulated wastewater containing acid red 114 with concentration similar to real wastewater or above. The percent decolorization of the acid red 114 of different dye concentrations varied greatly within 10 days. The percent decolorization of acid red 114 of different concentrations in average was higher than 66.85 %, indicating it can be effectively removed by Iris pseudacorus. Net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration intensity (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of Iris pseudacorus decreased significantly with an increase in concentrations of acid red 114 solutions. But Ci increased significantly with an increase in dye concentration (p <0.05), and Pn behaved in the opposite direction. This result showed that the main reason that Pn declined was the non-stomatal factors. When the concentration of acid red 114 was 120mg /L, it decreased the Pn of Iris pseudacorus 44 %. When the concentration of acid red 114 increased to 160 mg/L or more, it decreased the Pn of Iris pseudacorus more than 50 %. It is concluded that Iris pseudacorus can resist 120 mg/L tested acid red 114, so it can be used to phytoremediation azo dyes.


This chapter illustrated the impact of network architecture on EMF exposure of a person and of the population in an area. The main factors shaping the EMF exposure are technology used, radio conditions and network load conditions, along with the service used under these circumstances. Network architecture, i.e. technology and topology used for an area, with the set of network policies, determines network behaviour for given traffic fluctuations in the area and radio and network conditions for every single user. In this complex environment with constant and instant changes and mutual dependencies between factors affecting the EMF exposure, statistical analysis may be performed and some conclusions drawn.


This thesis addresses the topic of industrial policy for the Algerian hydrocarbon sector, based on the reality of the Algerian economy and the resultant (politics), contradictions and problems internationally and locally and in what order establish a sound scientific approach to industrial policy favoring the Algerian hydrocarbon sector, and that in seeking a theoretical framework of industrial policy, the perception of its size and economic integration in the variable depending on the circumstances of Economic Thought and the vagaries of the international economic situation


This is the first in a series of articles encouraged by the Board of Certif ied Consulting Meteorologists and the National Council of Industrial Meteorologists to explore the ethical issues that can be encountered conducting business in the meteorological community. The purpose is to initiate a discussion within the broader membership about how the professional guidelines section of the AMS constitution comes to life in the conduct of everyday life of professional meteorologists. Comments are welcome and should be addressed to the authors. More formal responses can also be made to the editor of BAMS.


Cen Shen,a famous poet in the bloom of Tang Dynasty,was good at portraying impression and emotion.He shows us the marvelous scenery of the Western Regions and soldiers of that district and details the beautiful landscape and the special customs of minority and the heroic lives in the army,which embodies the particular and unique features of his poems.The vehement tone and distinctive writing skill make his poems more vividly,adding a kind of magnificence.In his poems,optimistic and high-spirited,heroic spirit is silhouetted against the bad weather and environment in the Western Regions.


A process model based on product function and physical topology structure is proposed. This model decom-poses the product top-down design process into module design task, part design task, design parameter and dependencies among them. According to the characteristics of the design process, an integrated collaborative design software framework is designed, which includes module task agent, part task agent and sensitivity based collaborative design method for agents. The system is developed with Java and Web technologies, and applied to gear box design case to demonstrate its utilization and efficiency.


The aim of this report is to present the methodology used and the main results on the socio-demographic profile of the pilgrims travelling the route between Santiago de Compostela and Fisterra. This report forms a part of the study that will make it possible to understand the social and economic impact of pilgrimage for the local communities along the route, and the heritage processes and transformations that are occurring within this context.


This study was designed to evaluate the influence of iv infusion (50-1 ng kg-1 min) of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and isoproterenol on glucose homeostasis in normal man. Epinephrine infusion produced a 40–45 mg/dl increment of plasma glucose concentration which resulted from both a transient 85–90% rise in glucose production (P <0.005) and the failure of glucose uptake to increase consistently in response to hyperglycemia. Plasma insulin increased slightly (20–25‥), while plasma glucagon remained unchanged. Norepinephrine infusion produced a much smaller increase in glucose production (25–30‥) and plasma glucose (10–15 mg/dl) compared to epinephrine (P < 0.01 and P < 0.025, respectively). The increase in glucose output was very transient and was not followed by a significant elevation of glucose uptake. Plasma insulin and glucagon levels remained unchanged. The infusion of isoproterenol resulted in a 30–35% increase in glucose production (P < 0.025) which remained at levels significantly above baseline ...


Lipases are one of the industrially important biocatalyst whose demand ranks third among all the other enzymes. Because of their ability to carry out diverse range of reactions, remain active even in water restricted environment and act at interfaces, they find applications in varied fields. Purification and characterization of this enzyme is essential for its application in a wide spectrum of industrial processes. The present study deals with purification of lipase from Rhizopus oryzae NRRL 3562 in minimum steps which led to a high yield and fold increase. Lipase with specific activity of 450 IU/mg gave a single band on both native and SDS PAGE, showing purification to homogeneity. It was found to be a low molecular weight lipase of 14.45 kDa and had optimum temperature range and pH of 30-40○C and 9, respectively. The purified lipase showed specificity towards long chain (C16-18) p-Nitrophenyl esters. Stability at
elevated temperatures, wide pH range and in presence of solvents makes this small lipase a potent candidate for transesterification reactions.


Background and Objectives: Education is one of the fundamental pillars of development of capabilities, skills, and competencies in different sectors of society. Application of modern education methods seems to be necessary due to rapid changes of social requirements. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of scenario and lecturebased education methods on knowledge and attitude of emergency medical technicians towards patients with chest trauma.


This is an explorative study conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of the criminal life by exploring ex-offenders' stories and analyzing what possible factors could have had a ...


Traditional markets as community centers have played a role in serving as a place of commodity exchange, facilitating formation of shared culture between local residents and market tenants through information exchange and personal interactions. Traditional markets fell into stagnation due to the rise of new market typology, such as open circulation market and 'Super Super-Markets'(SSM's) in the 1990s and the consequent change of consumer patterns, and as a result. their function as local community centers began to diminish. The 'Traditional Market Redevelopment Projects' were initiated on the grounds of the 'Special Act on Promotion of Traditional Markets and Commercial Districts (Special Act)' to revitalize commercial function and competitiveness through redeveloping the againg physical structures. Despite the initial purpose of revitalizing traditional markets, the Redevelopment Projects were oriented heavily towards residential use and were carried out in favor of developers and owners without the participation of existing tenants. This resulted in disharmony with surrounding environment as high rise residential-commercial buildings were constructed in low rise residential areas. This study identifies problems through data analysis, case studies with field survey and tenant surveys, expert survey and interviews for the Traditional Market Redevelopment Zones in Seoul, and proposes institutional improvement strategies and long-term improvement plans. The analysis results of the Traditional Market Redevelopment Projects in Seoul reveals that 40 projects out of 48 completed ones (83%) were redeveloped into mixed-use residential buildings and 65% of the completed projects are located in the General Residential Areas. The issues drawn from legal review of the Special Act and other related laws, surveys, and interviews include the difficulty in pursuing the Projects due to the lack of detailed provision of compensation standards, despite the stipulation that necessitates protective measures for existing market tenants. As for such measures, other related laws rather than the Special Act itself need to be revised. In addition, as most traditional markets are located within General Residential Areas, spatial incongruity arises in the cases of protruding landscape, right of light, right of a view, and others. Exemptions from the Special Act including building coverage ratio and floor area ratio need to be readjusted to characteristics of the area to effectively manage the residential environment. Traditional markets eligible for the Redevelopment Project only need to satisfy a few general prerequisites, such as safety defects of facilities and loss of competitiveness, and request project implementation with the consent of land and building owners. The final decision to proceed the project is made by the Traditional Market Redevelopment Committee in the Seoul Metropolitan Government. Since screening criteria on the appropriateness or scope of Redevelopment Zones are ambiguous, it is necessary to strengthen eligibility for the project. Therefore, this study suggests institutional improvement strategies for Traditional Market Redevelopment Projects on the grounds of the Special Act in three general aspects: 1) improvement of the current laws: 2) improvement direction allowing for sustainable urban management and market function: and 3) improvement of management and operation. After revising planning and policy for redevelopment process and method, the revision of the Special Act and the associated legal system may be approached over a long-term. Moreover, the Seoul Metropolitan Government needs to establish policy direction for the Projects in terms of sustainable urban management and market function, and further specify project eligibility requirements, exemption options and guidelines for project deliberation criteria through municipal ordinances. Suggestions on management and operation, such as entire adjustment of administrative process between the city of Seoul and its autonomous boroughs and management of manpower for reinforcing professionalism and sustainability, were also mentioned as short term issues. In the long term, the Special Act and other laws related to protection of market tenants need to be amended. In respect of the Special Act, proposed amendments include: entrustment of selection of the project eligibility requirements to the governor; introduction of large-scale retail stores concept: foundation of basis for public contribution (public lease retail properties): control of exemptions regarding floor area ratio, size, and height for projects within General Residential Areas: and consolidation of city/province support plans for allowing establishment of a master plan when necessary. Thus, the Seoul Metropolitan Government needs to avoid reckless Redevelopment Projects and control ongoing projects in accordance with the government's policy direction.


A cluster of Virtual Network Functions (VNF) can serve massive fluctuating traffic by managing VNF instances and distributing flows. However, how to schedule the flows and manage VNF scaling efficiently in a VNF cluster is still an open question. Existing solutions such as hash based schemes encounter imbalance and passive flow remapping obstacles while flow table-based scheme suffers from high processing latency and flow entries overflow challenges. In this paper, we design and present Hieff, an efficient NFV system that coordinates VNF scaling and flow scheduling within a VNF cluster. The key idea of Hieff is to precisely manage the heavy flows with a flow table while simply allowing light flows be distributed by hash. Though this idea has been explored in previous work, we are the first to apply it with the VNF scaling process. We mathematically model the Hieff system and propose a heuristic algorithm to determine the optimized VNF scaling and flow scheduling strategies. We implement Hieff based on BESS and Click and use real-world tracing to evaluate the system. Results show that Hieff can handle co-existing massive flows efficiently with low latency while balancing the load of VNF instances at low cost.


Long-term uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) causes dyslipidemia and enhances the production of free radicals. Conditions leading to enhanced oxidative stress (OS) can produce a wide range of lipid disturbances. This study was intended to investigate the degree of association between DM and OS, to analyze their effect on lipid profile in diabetic End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and to investigate the possible factors influencing the lipid status in diabetic ESRD. The study was conducted at RLJH, Kolar attached to SDUMC, Kolar, India. Three groups, G1 (control), G2 (diabetics without complication) and G3 (diabetics with ESRD) of 50 patients each were included in the study. Erythrocyte glutathione (GSH), plasma thiols and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured to assess OS. Lipid profile, renal profile and blood glucose levels were measured using standard methods. Multiple logistic regression and student t-test were used to analyze the result. Statistically significant (p<0.001) increase of OS in diabetics with ESRD than those diabetics without any complications were observed. The results suggest a continuous accumulation and damage caused by OS in the target group. Dyslipidemia observed was due to the effect of OS on TC, LDL and MDA. On the other hand, hemoglobin, HDL and GSH were found to have a more protective role on the lipid status. Hence, it is suggested that GSH and MDA in erythrocytes and plasma thiols, can be an effective prognostic tool in assessing diabetic nephropathy and can also be used as a diagnostic tool in considering patients for early dialysis.


Relativity has become an important aspect of modern precise timekeeping systems. Thus, far from being simply a textbook problem or merely of scientific interest, the analysis of relativistic effects on time measurement is an essential practical consideration. This paper outlines the fundamental concepts of relativistic time transfer and describes the details of the mathematical model. The magnitudes of various relativistic effects for clocks on GPS satellites, other Earth satellites, on Mars, or on the Moon are derived.


Relaying provides one of the most interesting solutions to reduce the energy consumption for both the terminals and the network. However, energy evaluation requires a high degree of realism. This paper introduces a realistic energy model to evaluate the energy consumption of multi-mode Software Defined Radios terminals, from a physical layer point of view. It explains the development of multi-mode modules for WSNet, a precise network simulator. It presents WSNet as a pertinent tool to evaluate the energy consumption of an 802.15.4-to-802.11g relay, and shows that multi-mode relaying does not always lead to energy reductions.


Boston received national acclaim for its innovative approach to preventing youth violence in the 1990s. The well-known Operation Ceasefire initiative was an interagency violence prevention intervention that focused enforcement and social service resources on a small number of gang-involved offenders at the heart of the city's youth violence problem. The Ceasefire strategy was associated with a near two-thirds drop in youth homicide in the late 1990s. While the sudden decrease in youth homicide was surprising and certainly newsworthy, the Boston approach was also noted for its extraordinary police-community relationship spearheaded by the Ten Point Coalition of activist black clergy. The involvement of black ministers in the Ceasefire strategy provided a mechanism of transparency and accountability to the minority community that conferred the legitimacy


Screw head is provided with a number of ribs in the screwdriver engagement surface. These ribs 26 of between 1 ° to 10 ° of the inclination angle A from the outer screw axis direction. A punch line 150 for manufacturing a screwdriver engagement surface of the screw head, this ram comprising a helical groove 168 used to form the ribs 26, the ribs 26 of between 1 ° to 10 ° from the angle A of the inclined axially outer screw .


Today's banking is known as Innovative banking. obalisation and liberalisation policies in India have given a new imension to the functioning of banks. Commercial banks are now more target oriented and are using innovative services to increase their profitability and number of customers. Application of IT enabled services, has seen tremendous rowth in the banking sector. Banks are offering their customers' best services and efforts are made that ustomers do not need to visit to bank branches regularly, eventually motivating their customers to use banking services all time and any part of the country. Today customers are enjoying the banking facilities with ease and efficiency. In today's competitive world challenges before banks are not only to have satisfied customers, but also to increase their business. In India Government also emphasising on financial inclusion and asking banks to reach to rural population so that services can be offered to larger population. This study tries to analyse the innovative services offered by various commercial banks and perception and satisfaction of customers towards these services. The study is a combination of primary and secondary data. Primary data is collected through a survey conducted in the district of Udupi and includes customers of various ommercial banks. The empirical findings not only determine the different parameters also provide guidelines to bankers to focus on the parameters on which they need to improve and spread the awareness of electronic banking products and services to each and every section of the society.


A strong belief exists that competition between de facto standards stimulates innovation and benefits consumers because it drives down the costs of products. The tenability of this belief, and its preconditions and limits, has been widely scrutinized. However, little has been written about competition between negotiated, de jure i.e., committee standards. Are competing de jure standards a good thing? Blind 2008 equals de jure to de facto standards and concludes that competition between de jure standards increases social welfare. In this article we argue that it is important to distinguish between de jure and de facto standards; therefore, that Blind's basic assumption is incorrect. We illustrate our argument with the same example as Blind, that is, the standards war between the document formats of ODF and OOXML. In our view, the implications of condoning-and even encouraging-competition between de jure standards will have far-reaching consequences for public IT-procurement. It will hinder innovation and counteract supplier-independent information exchange between government and citizens.


How hot the planet gets in coming decades and centuries will depend on just how sensitively the climate system responds to the greenhouse gases we9re pumping into the atmosphere. Researchers are finally beginning to tighten up the range of possible sensitivities, at least at one end.


Purpose: To develop and test a shape‐based image registration algorithm to register and analyze serial CTimage datasets of a given patient, and then to track the motions of the implanted seeds for a quantitative characterization of prostate deformation and edema. Methods: Sequential 3D CTimage datasets for a prostate cancer patient, acquired before palladium source implantation and after implantation, were used to perform deformable image registrations with shape‐based algorithm to track the sources motions. The seed centers were detected in a group‐wise fashion after extracting the seed surfaces, i.e. using consistency across the sequence of images acquired from the same subject as an extra constraint, to maximize the reliability of seed detections. Results: The shape analysis approach was applied to the series of CT scans at day 0, 1, and 30 for one prostate cancer patient. The motion of seeds was visualized in plots, from which the non‐rigid deformation of prostate was interpolated. It was observed that the prostate volume was shrinking from Day 0 to Day 30, while it expanded from Day 0 to Day 1. Our data also showed that the prostate deformation caused by the resolution of prostate edema was anisotropic. Conclusions: A shape analysis approach was developed for quantitative characterization of post‐implant seed tracking and the prostate deformation. The advantage over other methods is that the constraints of consistency among different images made our method more reliable than other seed localization methods that estimate the seed centers for each image individually. The precise localization of implanted seeds as function of time would enable a more accurate calculation and proper summation of radiation dose delivered to each tumor sub‐volume in post‐implant dosimetry. This research project is currently funded by the NIH grant R01CA134627‐01 "Prostate Edema in Permanent Interstitial Brachytherapyâ€.


Abstract Writing upright letters is one form of writing skills with regard to rules and aesthetic values that combine letters that are connected with each other in a rounded shape. The skill of writing upright letters on class II A students at SDN Kebonsawahan 02 Juwana is quite good, but most students write with no regard for accuracy. There are still students who experience confusion when writing upright letters, the use of soft writing aids is used by students to make writing letters and writing easier. This study aims to describe writing letters upright through the use of fine line books in class IIA SDN Kebonsawahan 02. This type of research is qualitative descriptive. Data collection in this study was conducted by methods (1) observation, (2) interviews, and (3) questionnaires. The results of the study showed that all students of class IIA SDN Kebonsawahan 02 Juwana were able to write upright letters. The use of fine line books is very useful to facilitate and facilitate students when writing upright letters so that the writing looks neat and beautiful. The number of correct procedure formulations when writing connecting letters in fine notebooks, resulting in not all students knowing thoroughly about these procedures. This creates confusion when writing for some students so that many errors arise in writing connect letters in fine line books. Of the 21 students of class IIA SDN Kebonsawahan 02 Juwana, only one student was found whose results did not experience any errors at all. All other students can only write upright letters in a fine line book without including the correct steps in writing. Keyword: Writting skills, upright letters,fine line books


ABSTRACT We explore potential and limitations for agroecological scaling through formal education, using the LabVida school gardens program in Chiapas, Mexico as a case study. Through LabVida training, educators gained an appreciation of agroecology and learned to apply agroecological practices, although their understanding of agroecological principles and scientific process remained limited. The greatest program impact was on educators' eating habits, and their perception of the value of local knowledge and its relevance to school work. The case study demonstrates the potential of garden and food-system work to leverage institutional resources in ways that can improve educational outcomes, including agroecological literacy. Increased awareness of agroecology and the value of local knowledge may intersect with other drivers of scaling, including markets, organizational fabric, and policy.


Natural phenols and polyphenols are compounds found naturally in plants. A group of natural polyphenols called "flavonoids" are of most popular interest because researchers have found them to be of health-contributing potential. One of the natural sources of polyphenols is tea and the polyphenol contents of various teas from China and Japan are well documented. Such documentation on Indian tea from Assam and Darjeeling is not reported extensively. In the present study the total polyphenol content, antioxidant activities and lipid peroxidation inhibition efficacy of five most popular branded tea samples from Darjeeling and Assam (BGT-1, BBT-1, BBT-2, BBT-3, and BBT-4) available in India are estimated and compared with reports on tea from other parts of the world. Antioxidant activity (IC 50 values) of these tested samples measured the highest for BGT-1 and the lowest for BBT-4. The total polyphenol content of the samples ranged from 20.7 mg GAE/g to 36 mg GAE/g, the highest being recorded for green tea followed by leafy Darjeeling tea. Similarly, the highest reducing power of tea antioxidants was recorded for green tea (0.95 ABU) and the lowest (0.48 ABU) for Assam CTC tea. Lipid peroxidation could be inhibited up to 29.8% by the tested green tea sample. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation showed positive correlation (r 2 = 0.9479) with hydroxyl radical scavenging activity which ranged from 20.91% to 81.16%. The antioxidant activity and the total polyphenol content were observed to be positively and highly correlated (r 2 = 0.9958). This study has made it possible to understand the functional properties of Indian tea with respect to teas from other parts of the world.


Preliminaries of probability finite sample spaces two or more events random variable, distribution function and expected value functions of a random variable two or more random variables statistics quality control - control charts tolerancing, error analysis and parameter uncertainty reliability engineering, K.C. Kapur random processes and congestion decision trees. Appendices: factorial, gamma function and binomial theorem moments by Taylor Series expansion tables answers to problems.


Herbicide usage gets increase in every year and corresponding to this increase, herbicide residues in water are more frequently encountered. While a lot of analysis methods are used for the determination of residues, chromatographic methods are preferred due to the fact that they give more rapid, reliable and sensitive results. Since it is needed to have qualified human resources to use chromatographic methods, high investment and consequent operational cost, it is impossible to perform in low capacity laboratories. Instead of chromatographic methods, some alternatives regarding to produce methods giving sensitive results, having low investment and operational cost for the determination the residues of herbicidies in water are available. Of the main ones of these analysis methods are voltametric methods, spectrophotometric methods, capillary electrophoresis methods, bioassay and electrochemical sensors. The purpose of this compilation is to evaluate the methods that would be used in determining the herbicide residues in water and would be alternatives of chromatographic methods and to introduce to the concerned parties.


Thermo-gelling biodegradable polymers with a sol-gel transition point (Tgel) between room temperature and body temperature are expected to be useful for injectable polymer systems in biomedical applications such as drug delivery depot and scaffold for tissue engineering. In this study, a series of biodegradable graft-copolymers composed of PEG side-chains and a poly(depsipeptide-co-DL-lactide) backbone (PDG-dl-LA-g-PEG) were prepared as a novel thermo-gelling system. An aqueous solution of the copolymer showed instantaneous temperature-sensitive gelation at 33 ºC. The Tgel could be controlled from 33 to 51 ºC by varying the PEG length and compositions without a decrease in mechanical strength of the hydrogels. This research provides a molecular design approach to creating biodegradable thermo-gelling polymers with controllable Tgel and mechanical toughness.


The polygonal wear of train wheels occurs commonly in rail transport and increases the wheel–rail interaction force dramatically and has a bad effect on the safety and comfort of the train. The mechanism of polygonal wear needs to be studied. The characteristics of test data measured from 47,000 sets of polygonal wheels of high-speed trains were analysed statistically. The analysis shows that, in the entire use life cycle of the wheels, the order (wavelength) and development speed of polygonal wear are different; they correspond to different wheel diameters because of wear and re-profiling. A prediction model, which considered the flexibility of the wheelset for the polygonal wear of the wheels of high-speed trains, was developed to explain this phenomenon. This theoretical model analyses the initiation, development, and characteristics of polygonal wear. The analysis includes the effect of the high-frequency flexible deformation of the wheelset, train operation speed, and wheel diameter variation. This study suggests that, if the wheel perimeter is nearly an integral multiple of the wavelength of severe periodic wear along the wheel circumference, the polygonal wear on the wheel can develop quickly. Furthermore, the wavelength of the periodic wear of the wheel relies on the operation speed of the train and wheelset resonant frequency. Therefore, the initiation and development of polygonal wear on wheels depends on the operation speed, wheel diameter, and the resonant frequencies of the wheelset. This conclusion can be applied to research concerning measures associated with the suppression of polygonal wear development.


The present invention relates to a balcony railing to which the emergency ladder mounted, and is frequently the case in case of emergency, especially in apartment fires mad not escape to exit this time to easily escape through the verandah; In the balcony railing consisting of a plurality of vertical frame to interconnect two or more horizontal frame and the horizontal frame; The horizontal frame is one end is cut from the wall with a predetermined length apart portions, one is fixed to the wall side of the other, but so close to the end of the horizontal frame, connected by a hinge to rotate in the horizontal direction adjacent to the wall a first frame and that; One side of the insert corresponding to the inner cross-section and the other end is inserted in correspondence with the inner end surface of the first frame, but interconnected, a length section with a lower surface of the first frame is the longitudinal recess of the horizontal frame is formed , the cutting open and close the handle projecting outwardly protruding groove pin fixed to one side so as to insert or release the inside end surface of the horizontal frame; Both sides, but the second frame connected to the adjacent end to end and hinged to the adjacent horizontal frames of the first frame in which more than one form in the up and down vertically which the support frame to connect the two sides at a predetermined interval can be formed more and; 3 in which the second has a length equal to the frame is connected one of two hinges which are adjacent to each other and the lower end of the second frame is the so mutually overlapping folded form can the support frame to connect the two sides at a predetermined interval one frame; It said second frame and a is connected one of two hinges which are adjacent to each other and the upper end of the third stacked has a length equal to three frames, and is folded so that mutually overlap can the support frame to connect the two sides at a predetermined interval one forming a fourth frame that is the; The first is mounted on the upper frame of one frame that ends emergency ladder, characterized by consists of fixing means is a hook that allows it take two days supporting frame of the fourth frame is formed when the second to when the fourth frame is folded It will have on the balcony railing mounted. Stairs, veranda


Global changes are predicted to facilitate the introduction, establishment, and spread of species into new environments leading to potential negative impacts on local biodiversity. Evaluating the risk associated with introduced species with a high likelihood of arrival, or species that have already been introduced, is therefore increasingly important. In the present article, we outline an operational framework to provide a basis for assessing the ecological risk of introduced species in order to facilitate justifiable management decisions. The framework integrates information based on both the species and the (potential) recipient ecosystems, using existing tools to guide pest managers through the stepwise process. This enables the prediction of high-risk species and the identification of those ecosystems most vulnerable to invasion, and facilitates understanding of the potential mechanisms and magnitude of pest impacts. The framework can be applied to different invasion scenarios to evaluate the risks and impacts of species.


PETRA III is a low-emittance storage ring dedicated to synchrotron radiation. For efficient injection in the top-up mode, the dynamic aperture has to be larger than 30 mmmrad in the horizontal plane. This paper presents the choice of tunes and the optimization of the sextupole configuration. Tracking simulations have been performed, including the non-linear effects of 20 four-meters-long damping wigglers and a representative set of undulators. Misalignment and multipole errors are considered as well, leading to specifications for the magnet design and alignment procedure.


Large food manufacturers grew rapidly between 1976 and 1982, both by increasing their share of food manufacturing and by expanding into services. Diversification into new industries accounted for more than half of that growth. Much of the new diversification was directed toward related industries, such as foodservice, other food manufacturing industries, or several agricultural sectors. Diversification is usually carried out through merger, and between 1977 and 1986 acquisitions and divestitures led to ownership changes at establishments employing over 40% of the food manufacturing employees of the 500 largest food firms. These conclusions are drawn from analysis of a highly detailed dataset based on individual establishment records.


Design approval of marine Diesel engines crankshafts is, in general, based upon the Technical Rules of classification societies. These Rules regularly contain provisions of the IACS UR M53 document: Calculation of Crankshafts for Internal Combustion Engines. The acceptance criteria are related to fatigue strength. The main drawback of this document is that an essential part of the procedure is not defined-how to determine kinematic values and which forces shall be taken into account in the simplified single crank reciprocating mechanism model of in-line and V-type engines. Additionally, as the design approval starts from the cylinder pressure vs. crank angle curve submitted by the engine manufacturer, these values can be used for direct evaluation of torsional vibration excitation forces. This paper aims to fill the above-mentioned gap, presenting the procedure systematised by the authors to evaluate all the kinematic values and forces relevant for crankshaft fatigue strength validation. The basic idea is to start the analysis from the connecting rod, instead of the piston. The trigonometric approximation procedure for cylinder pressures (necessary for V-type engines crankshaft fatigue strength) and for tangential forces (necessary to determine torsional vibration excitation) is also presented. The entire calculation is illustrated on a selected actual engine example.


Objective: To identify the available evidence in the literature on the workloads and their impact on the safety of patients in mental distress

Method: This is an integrative literature review in the databases LILACS, CINAHL, SCOPUS (Elsevier), PUBMED, ScienceDirect (Elsevier), Web of Science (Main Collection - Thomson Reuters Scientific), available in full in electronic media between January and March 2016 using the descriptors "nursing staff", "health worker", "workloads" and "mental health services" reaching the final sample of 08 articles.

Results: The following workloads in mental health services were identified: biological, physical, physiological, mechanical and psychological burden, such causing emotional distress of professionals, accidents and health problems directly on the quality of care and safety of psychiatric patients.

Conclusion: From this study, it is observed the need of a better attention to the existing working conditions in mental health services, searching for solutions that provide occupational health and safety for workers.


Abstract: Due to growing in huge population and hasty urbanization, in modern era high rise building construction is increasing more than ancient days, high rise buildings are basically subjected to lateral loads or forces such as wind load and earthquake loads, seismic damper is the one of the device used to reduce storey responses in high rise building era,the work is made to comparative study on seismic behavior of multi storey rc building connected without and with dampers G+15 building of regular building plan of 34 m X 24 m is considered for analysis ETABS software is used for modeling and analysis of structure, the comparison made on storey responses like storey displacement, storey drift, storey shear, modal time period and frequency


A modified k-means algorithm based on Ward's method is presented thorough analysis the disadvantages of k-means algorithm.First,the authors cluster the sample data with Ward's method and determine the appropriate number of clusters and the initial cluster centers,and then introduce an algorithm of detecting and deleting outlier.Second,the algorithm is applied to analyze criminal personality type.The experimental evaluation shows that the modified k-means algorithm is superior to the traditional k-means in its efficiency and the clustering effect.


It is a story replicated in many history classrooms during the course of a semester. Students have once again done poorly on an assignment or exam. Their essays are the sites of massive, undifferentiated data dumps. They have paraphrased primary sources instead of analyzing them, ignored argumentation, confused past and present, and failed completely to grasp the "otherness" of a different era. A few students, as always, have done extremely well, but many have done poorly. What is wrong with these students? How can a teacher help them understand history? These sorts of poor performance often result from a mismatch between what college history teachers expect of their students and what those students imagine their task to be. Most college professors learned how to be historians more or less by osmosis, without explicit instruction on how to perform many of the operations necessary to produce historical knowledge. They, like the minority of students who seem to perform historical tasks effortlessly, are naturals who have not had to reflect consciously on what they do automatically. As a result, professors often do not model for their students some of the most basic—and most essential—steps in historical analysis. As Sam Wineburg has noted, it is so habitual for historians to check the author and date of a passage before they begin reading it that they do not realize that such procedures are not natural for many of their students.1 Such intellectual maneuvers, unmarked by the professor and as invisible to the


For twenty years, researchers have investigated nanodielectric composites to advance their dielectric properties toward practical applications in capacitors and electrical insulation. Novel concepts are highly anticipated to enhance dielectric strength...


Bloom's book is part of a series called New Studies in Aesthetics, so perhaps it is unfair to expect him to consider the materiality and messiness of theatre practice and production in his slim volume. Still, Macgowan was a man of the theatre, not an art critic, as his multiple kinds of endeavors and later writing show. (This is one of the ways in which he and his Harvard friend and mentor, Hiram Moderwell, parted professional company. Moderwell became known as an art critic while Macgowan wrote not only a comprehensive survey of amateur theatre in the United States, but histories of the theatre and of the motion picture industry, as well as a book on masks and an anthropological study. He later became a professor of theatre at U.C.L. A.)


Wasted materials represent valuable resources that we can no longer afford to discard. The concept of 'zero waste' is a challenge to old ways of thinking, calling for waste to be viewed as a potential resource with value to be realised, rather than as a problem to be dealt with, usually by burial in landfill sites or incineration without energy recovery. Examples of industrial symbiosis – the theoretical rationale and methods for sharing information and resources across different industries – are starting to be found worldwide. In this second themed issue of Waste and Resource Management, the results of an FP7 Collaborative Project, 'Towards zero waste in industrial networks' (Zerowin), which has demonstrated for the first time successful implementation of ten European Industrial Network case studies, are presented. In this themed issue, we focus on the construction and demolition and automotive sectors. A short overview of the themes which are discussed in detail in the individual papers is given here below. The key concepts of the Zerowin vision (outlined in the first themed issue) formed the foundation of the demonstration case studies presented in this issue.


Theories with varying gravitational constant G have long been studied. Among them, the most promising candidates as alternatives to standard general relativity are known as scalar–tensor theories. They are consistent descriptions of the observed Universe as well as the low-energy limit of several pictures of unified interactions. Thus, increasing interest in the astrophysical, gravitational wave and pulsar evolution consequences of such theories has been sparked over the last few years. In this work we study the evolution of white dwarf stars in the framework of the simplest model of scalar–tensor theory: Brans–Dicke gravity. We assume that the star is able to see the cosmological evolution of G (obtained from relativistic equations) while adopting a Newtonian model for describing its structure. This allows us to determine how the G variation affects the energetics of the stellar interior. The white dwarfs are analysed employing a well-tested computer code, with state-of-the-art data for the equation of state, opacities, neutrinos, etc.; all these characteristics are carefully described in the text. We compute the theoretical white dwarf luminosity function and use previous observational data to compare with and extract conclusions on the feasibility of the gravitational theory analysed. We find several striking results. The cooling of white dwarfs is strongly accelerated, particularly for massive stars and low luminosities, even if the Ο parameter of Brans–Dicke theory is big enough to accord well with any other test of gravitation. This uncommon cooling process translates into several distinctive features of white dwarf evolution, among which are (a) a new profile of luminosity versus fractional mass and age, (b) different central temperature versus surface luminosity, (c) low masses of progenitors, and most importantly (d) an appreciable variation in the luminosity function. We finally analyse the possibilities of, when precise data with unique interpretation are available, converting this into a powerful new test of gravitation.


The process of particle measuring technology is described briefly.The laser scattering technique based on Mie scattering theory is a current method for fume particle size.It has many advantages,such as neither disturbing nor contacting the particle field,broad dimension range,high resolving capability for time and space.


Users beam-time at modern FEL sources is an extremely valuable commodity. Moreover, maximization of FEL up-time must always be performed accounting for stringent requirements on the photon pulse characteristics. These may vary widely depending on the Users requests, which poses challenges to parallel operation of highrepetition rate facilities like the European XFEL. Therefore, both model free or model-dependent optimization schemes, where the model might be given, or provided by machine-learning approaches, are of high importance for the overall efficiency of FEL facilities. In this contribution we review our previous activities and we report on current efforts and progress in FEL optimization schemes at the European XFEL. Finally, we provide an outlook of future developments.


This article offers some remarks concerning the Roman musical milieu – with special attention to the Cantata – between 1706 and 1709 ca., and the way it may have influenced the young Handel at the time of his legendary Italian journey. In particular, it examines some specific aspects of the Cantata repertory produced under the patronage of the foremost Roman families – the Ruspoli, the Ottoboni, the Pamphilj – which, at those times, were the leaders of the Eternal City's cultural life. Among the specificities of the Roman Cantata tradition, some might have impressed Handel: for instance, come formal peculiarity, and the usage of concertante cello. The article takes into account the Cantata output of composers who, like Bernardo Pasquini, Bernardo Gaffi and Filippo Amadei, have not been yet throughly investigated. More specifically it points out the freedom and unpredictability of the formal organization in some cantatas of Bernardo Pasquini, and attempts to find traces of it in some Handel counterparts. For what concerns the concertante cello, it examines some cantatas of Bernardo Gaffi and compares their usage of this instrument with that made by Handel in one of his cantatas.


Contemporarily, the gravitational wave has played an important role in the field of astronomy. A systematic review of the gravitational wave is presented in this paper. Primarily, the principle of gravitational waves is introduced in both Newton and Einstein's concept of gravity. Besides, we deduced the solution of Einstein's field equation. Moreover, we described the detection of gravitational waves with the mechanisms of the two gravitational wave detectors LIGO and Virgo Finally, the applications of gravitational waves are discussed in detecting black hole mergers, neutron star mergers, gamma-ray burst, and core-Collapse Supernova explosion. The gravitational wave could contribute to more scientific findings in the future and solve more mysteries of the Universe.


Objective:To explore the relationship between thyroid hormone level and the severity of coronary disease with cardiac function in patients of acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods:We studied 341 AMI patients with normal thyroid function.The levels of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),free tri-iodothyronine(FT3),free tetra-iodothyronine(FT4),high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) and blood lipids were examined in all patients.According to FT3 level,the patients were divided into three groups as FT3 at 1.16~2.25 pg/ml group,n=113,FT3 at 2.26~2.81 pg/ml group,n=114,and FT3 at 2.82~4.02 pg/ml group,n=114.A total of 224 patients received coronary angiography,70 of them had single vessel disease and 154 had multi vessel disease.LVEF and E/A ratio were measured by color Doppler echocar-diography to evaluate the cardiac function.Severe cardiac events during hospitalization were recorded. Results:The patients in FT3 at 2.82~4.02 pg/ml group had lower hs-CRP,higher E/A ratio and decreased rate of severe cardiac events than those in FT3 at 1.16~2.25 pg/ml group,P0.05 or P0.01.The patients with multi vessel disease had the lower levels of TSH,FT4 and FT3 than the patients with single vessel disease,while only FT3 level had the statistic difference,P0.05.Multiple Logistic regression analysis presented that with adjusted age,gender,history of diabetes and smoking,hypertension,blood lipids and hs-CRP,decreased FT3 was the independent risk factor for multi coronary vessel disease(OR 0.65,P0.05). Conclusion:In AMI patients with normal thyroid function,FT3 level had closely related to cardiac diastolic function,adverse cardiovascular events and the severity of coronary disease.FT3 level might be used as an important factor for evaluating the severity of AMI.


Evaluating the vulnerability of a water resources system is a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) problem including multiple indictors and different weights. In this study, a reinforced ordered weighted averaging (ROWA) operator is proposed by incorporating extended ordered weighted average operator (EOWA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to handle the MCDA problem. In ROWA, the weights of indicators are calculated based on component score coefficient and percentage of variance, which makes ROWA avoid the subjective influence of weights provided by different experts. Concretely, the applicability of ROWA is verified by assessing the vulnerability of a water resources system in Handan, China. The obtained results can not only provide the vulnerable degrees of the studied districts but also denote the trend of water resources system vulnerability in Handan from 2009 to 2018. And the indictor that most influenced the outcome is per capita GDP. Compared with EOWA referred to various indictor weights, the represented ROWA shows good objectivity. Finally, this paper also provides the vulnerability of the water resource system in 2025 based on ROWA for water management in Handan City.


Key Points • Pediatric patients frequently experience chest pain and dyspnea after a PE, prompting frequent return ED visits.• Recurrent PE is uncommon and observed only in those with persistent or new thrombotic risk factors.


In previous investigations we demonstrated the emergence of premature cellular senescence process as a mechanism of cell growth control during estrogen-induced pituitary tumoral progression. In addition, it is known that this hormone exerts a modulating action on pituitary cell proliferation. Considering the role of the NF-κB transcription factor, as a modulator of cell senescence, and also of tumoral progression, and the convergence between estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and NF-κB signaling pathways in the control of cell cycle, we proposed to evaluate the association between these two proteins in experimental pituitary tumors.
The pituitary tumour was induced in adult male Wistar rats by subcutaneous implantation of silastic capsules containing estradiol benzoate (30 mg) for 10, 20, 40 and 60 days (E10-60; n=5). The control group was implanted with empty capsules (n=5). Subsequently, the ERα and NF-κB association, along the different stages of tumor development, was evaluated by immunoprecipitation. In addition, of NF-κB and IκBα protein levels from nuclear and cytosolic fractions were evaluated by Western Blot. ERα: NF-κB co-localization was determined by immunofluorescence (IF) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using ANOVA-Fischer (p<0.05).
During the course of estrogen-induced pituitary tumour development, a significant protein-protein ERα: NF-κB association was detected, with a marked interaction at E10 and E60 stages of tumor evolution, data also corroborated by IF and TEM. In addition, a significant increase in NF-κB and IκBα protein levels was detected in the cytosolic compartment. Likewise, there was a substantial increase in NF-κB nuclear levels at intermediate stages of tumor development (E20 and E40) compared to those observed in E10 and E60.
The results allow us to conclude that ERα would recruit NF-κB at the cytoplasmic level in order to inhibit its function as a transcription factor and, therefore, to modulate the molecular mechanisms associated with senescence and cell proliferation during the progression of the experimental pituitary tumor. These findings suggest the existence of a crosstalk between the NF-κB and ERα signaling pathways that would contribute to tumoral growth control.


obotic Intervention (RI) strategy is critical to organizational profitability. The R documented high cost of production resulted in slower attainment of financial success through continuous surges prices of goods and services. This have led manufacturers to continuously seek various strategies in reducing cost of production, and the need to cope with the growing number of complexities and uncertainties from the business environment led to continuous performance as the objective of any company to increase their capacity to adapt. The use of sophisticated machines or artificial intelligent has fostered profitability through the increase in productivity and ever-mounted pressure to minimize costs. The study employed ex-post facto research design. The study's population was 31 manufacturing companies in Nigeria listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at January 18, 2021. Purposive sampling technique was employed to select 21 manufacturing companies based on their use of sophisticated machines in the production process. Validated data were extracted from the published financial statement of the selected companies. The reliability of data was premised on auditor and regulatory agencies' approval of the financial statements. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential (multivariate regression) statistics. The result showed that RI measurements had an insignificant effect on Net profit before interest 2 and tax ( Adj.R = 0.1031, F (4, 248) = 2.48, p > 0.05). RI measurements combined with a 2 control variable of company size (CS) had significant effect on NPBIT ( Adj.R = 0.8502, F (5, 247) = 286.02, p < 0.05). This study concluded that robotic intervention significantly influences performance of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. This study therefore, recommends that more robots workforce should be employed because if robotic intervention is held constant based on our findings, net profit will decline. Also, the government should enact policies on robot tax to mitigate the use of outdated industrial machines


VOICE, the Vienna-Oxford International Corpus of English, aims to provide a general basis for analyses of English as a lingua franca (ELF) talk on all linguistic levels. This paper discusses criteria that have to be fulfilled in order to achieve this aim. It illustrates that compiling a corpus of spoken ELF involves the reconciliation of different - and often conflicting - requirements: this means finding and keeping a reasonable balance between theoretical specifications, methodological considerations and practical limitations. The focus of this paper is on dilemmas encountered in the processes of data collection and selection and finding suitable ways of representing spoken ELF in written form.


This article gives an overview over recent results on quark and gluon helicity distributions obtained in deep inelastic lepton nucleon scattering and proton proton interactions. Future experimental programs to study the nucleon structure will be discussed as well.


The problem of expediency of application of information modeling technology for creation of information models of construction objects at different stages of a life cycle is considered. A review of models of different levels: two-dimensional flat drawings – 2D, three-dimensional 3D models – 3D, models that include time indicators – 4D, models supplemented by financial indicators – 5D, models that contain information about a wide range of resources and others indicators – ND. The need to use the BIM platform to create a digital duplicate of the construction site based on the information model was noted. Today, BIM-technologies are most often used at the design stage and partly at the construction stage. However, the greatest efficiency from the digital duplicate of the construction site can be obtained during the operation phase. The transition to BIM-models is effective only if you work with them at all stages of the life cycle of the construction site. In this regard, it is proposed to introduce the concept of "information model of the life cycle of the construction object." The analysis of the reasons which cause problems of mass introduction of such approach in construction practice is carried out. Contradictory interests of the participants in the construction process, the lack of common goals do not allow to form and use a single information model. To overcome this contradiction, a generalized comprehensive information model of the living environment is proposed, which can be presented as an element of a higher level system. It can be considered as a tool for urban planning and zoning for regional and sectoral development schemes.


An independent report into pharmacy in Britain recommended that schools of pharmacy and hospitals should set up joint academic practice units to promote teaching and research. A number of such units have now been established in the south‐east of England in association with the school of pharmacy, London university.


Since World War II there has been an increase in interest in "early music", accompanied by much debate as to how it should be performed. In this work leading conductor, harpsichordist and scholar Raymond Leppard presents an analysis of the importance of early music (including works by Monteverdi, Handel and Gluck), in which he attempts to show how a well-informed but creative approach to the question of "authenticity" is necessary for performers to be able to communicate the essential qualities of the music to the audiences of today.


Sweden have 419 000 km road in the country and about half of these roads is forestroads. The forest road net most important mission is to make it possible to deliver wood from the forest to the industries. With a raw material that is spread over a large area the road network is important. Each year has the forest road network been extended with about 1 700 km new roads. To decide if a new road is to be built different forest road cost estimation models has been used.

The purpose with this thesis was to make a modern and up to date forest road cost estimation model. By looking into which benefits and costs a road contributes with new and old parameters has been investigated and evaluated to see if they should be a part of the forest road cost estimation. First is a total model was constructed and then it was simplified to an easier model. This thesis was commissioned by Bergvik Skog.

The results on both new and old models from test runs are shown to make comparisons. All models have been constructed in Excel. The parameters from the older models have showed their effect in simple models. A new model was constructed with all parameters that could be included within a model in a good way. After that several different cases were made to test the new model. These results were compared with results from the same case but with a simpler model. With a closer look of these results there was possible to see that some parameters was not as important as others. These parameters could then be removed and a new simplified model was the result.

As conclusion it can be said that the parameters that are the most important ones in the tests within this thesis is timber transport, forest fuel transport, machine movement, increase in production at the edge of the road, lost of production in the road, winding factor and flexibility.


Malignant hemangioendothelioma is a rare metastasizing, perivascular tumor, sporadic cases of which have been described in the world literature. Clarity of classification and thereby understanding of this lesion must be credited to Stout who gathered a series of cases (1) and gave a basic pathologic description in his classic article in the Atlas of Tumor Pathology of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (2). He points out that by special staining technics it can be seen that the tumor cells collect just outside the endothelial wall, completely blocking endothelial channels, thereby explaining the bluish raised nature of the lesions, as well as their tendency to widespread metastasis. Thus, this tumor differs from the pericytoma, which is truly a tumor of the endothelial lining. Earlier treatment of sporadic cases by irradiation (3–6) has generally been inconclusive. Case IV, reported below, is such an instance. Other agents have been tried in an attempt to control the tumor, but its rarity has not all...


The effect of varying the film temperature from 15C to 60 C is investigated using high speed video imaging. It is demonstrated that increasing the temperature difference between the droplet and film liquid changes the size and frequency of the secondary droplets. The impact can be split into three regimes. In the crater expansion regime, the crater follows a self-similar behaviour. In the second stage, the crater becomes deeper and wider at higher temperatures possibly due to decrease in the viscosity or surface tension. It is seen that the crater collapse is less dependent on the temperature and occurs at fixed time for a particular Webber number.


We show the results of joined studies of the free electron concentration and x-ray diffuse scattering from heavily doped GaAs:Te single crystal as a function of controlled annealings at high temperatures 700-1200 o C and Te concentration 10 18 -2 . 10 19 cm -3 from the range, where the free electron concentration saturates. Changes of electron concentration caused by annealings are accompanied by structural changes, both being in a high coincidence and reversible versus annealing temperature. On a basis of the microscopic model of x-ray diffuse scattering from a solid solution, newly proposed here, we argue that impurity atom pairs arise, locally in a crystal, when the free electron concentration is lowered by annealing. We suppose that the electron localization is caused by impurity atom pairs, supporting recently published results.


The assimilation and distribution of N in the vegetative and reproductive plant parts of edible grain legumes are important processes determining final seed and protein yields. Limited information is available describing these processes for beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.J. The objective of this study was to measure the N partitioning and mobilization patterns in this important grain legume. Two dry bean cultivars, `3512' and '3591', were labeled with either ION% or 15 N2 at the late vegetative (V5), early pod development (R2-R3), and seed filling (R6) developmental stages in the greenhouse. Initial N partitioning was evaluated on plants harvested 48 h after the start of labeling, while the N mobilization patterns were evaluated on the "NOr labeled plants harvested at subsequent developmental stages and at physiological maturity (R9). Both cultivars had similar dry weight and N distribution patterns throughout development, but 3512 had a larger final seed yield while the final seed N concentrations were greater for 3591. These differences developed from R6 to R9 where the dry weight increase in 3591 had a N concentration of 28.1 g compared with 9.9 g kg- ' for 3512. The relative proportion of "N in each plant part was dependent upon the growth stage and "N source, and was independent of cultivar. Greater proportions were found in the mature leaves and roots of plants labeled with "NO 2, and in the seed and nodules in those plants labeled with "N: at all growth stages. Pods and seeds were major sinks from both "N sources when applied at R2-R3 and R6, respectively. The seed at R9 contained 64, 73, and 84% of the labeled-N applied at the V5, R2-R3, and Rfi growth stages, respectively. The seed contained an average of 68% of the total plant N and 53% of the total plant dry weight at R9. These data indicate that the photosynthetic and N2-fixation activities during seed filling can have a significant influence on the final seed N concentrations and yield.


In very short time, ICT has become must-have tool in school today due to its usefulness. Because of that, government has spent much resource to upgrade the ICT infrastructure in many schools both in primary and secondary schools. A lot of money has been spent to train teachers as well. With this large investment and contribution, government is hoping that ICT is fully utilized in schools. However, ICT facilities can only be fully used if teachers are competent. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of ICT competency among technical and vocational teachers in Sabah. In particular, this study examined if differences exist between females and males in terms of nine components (MS WORD, MS POWER POINT, MS EXCEL, MS ACCESS, WWW, E-MAIL, OPERATING SYSTEM, MULTIMEDIA, and VIRTUAL CLASS application) related to ICT. A total of 256 teachers participated in this study. The results of the study showed that there exists a small gap between females and males teachers in Sabah. In some application such as MS WORD, MS POWER POINT, MS EXCEL, it was found that female teachers were more competent compared to male teachers. In contrast, male teachers are more capable in MS ACCESS, WWW, E-MAIL, OPERATING SYSTEM, MULTIMEDIA, and VIRTUAL CLASS application than female teachers. The various possible reasons attributed to these result will be discussed.


• Government response is needed to offset the negative effects of COVID-19 and the locust attacks. 1 This study was carried out under the Asian Development Bank (ADB) technical assistance to the Punjab Agriculture Department, Pakistan for Enhancing Technology-Based Agriculture and Marketing in Rural Punjab (TA 9838-PAK). This brief was prepared by Takashi Yamano, senior economist, Economic Research and Regional Cooperation Department (ERCD), ADB; Noriko Sato, natural resources specialist, Central and West Asia Department (CWRD), ADB; and Babur Wasim Arif, economist (independent consultant). The brief also benefited from the contribution of ADB staff: Ahsan Tayyab, principal natural resources economist, CWRD; Asad Ali Zafar, senior project officer (Water Resources), CWRD; Jindra Nuella Samson, senior economics officer, ERCD; and Kristine Joy Villagracia, operations assistant, CWRD. Kiyoshi Taniguchi, principal economist, CWRD, ADB; and Md. Abul Basher, natural resources and agriculture specialist, Sustainable Development and Climate Change Department, ADB provided technical reviews and comments. The following consultants provided support to the farm household survey: Shahid Ahmad, agriculture sector specialist; Sahibzada Mansoor Ali, agriculture value chain specialist; Umer Saeed, agriculture specialist; and Shakeel Ahmad, plant protection specialist (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International [CABI]). Telephone interviews were conducted by CABI staff members. INTRODUCTION


Our research concerning the application of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) principles in the Romanian companies from FMCG sector provides relevant information about the business strategies focused on customers. Without having the pretention to be a complete survey, our research reveals the analysis of CRM principles implementation in Romanian organizations, based on a original questionnaire conceived on the four dimensions of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Our customer-centric Balanced Scorecard model will allow an efficient consumer response as it involves all Front-Office and Back-Office Departments' efforts in order to deliver the best value to customers. We consider that our paper will have significant implications both on the academic and the business environment, as the integration of CRM and BSC concepts in a survey represents a real challenge for them; in this way, we hope to be able to develop more complex surveys and comparative approaches including in a sample organizations from different countries.


The views in this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and should not be interpreted as reflecting the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco or the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.


Is it possible to be too cautious about prescribing medication to a breastfeeding patient? Absolutely. Two experts in this area provide an informed, balanced perspective.


This research contributes to an ongoing investigation into the instinctive nature of singing. Related projects involve: action research with children who are encouraged to reflect on the developing capacities of their own and each others' voices; experimental research with adults and children designed to illuminate parallels between singing ability and other aspects of extended oracy (modes of controlled whistling; tongue-clicks); trialling of pedagogical strategies for developing
intuitive vocal responses and 'musical thinking'; and a wide-ranging literature review drawing on research in animal behaviour, human evolution, communication theory and cognitive psychology.


Under the environment with complex sets of objectives and constraints, traditional approaches for logistics scheduling and planning typically result in a large monolithic model that is difficult to solve, understand, and maintain. The paper proposes a multi-agent constraint programming framework for logistics scheduling, especially under the dynamic and/or difficult circumstances such as traffic jam and natural and man-made disasters. In our framework, an asynchronous team of intelligent agents cooperate with each other to produce a set of non-dominated solutions that show the tradeoffs between objectives, and evolve a population of solutions towards a Pareto-optimal frontier. The framework has been successfully applied in real-world logistics scheduling, and demonstrate its capability to produce reliable and high-performance solutions with multi-objective optimization.


The classifier of techniques to improve the performance of thermoelectric converters is described. The classifier is based on the method of analysis of scientific and technical text-sources on the basis of allocation of cognitive structures. А comprehensive charter of thermoelectric converters is presented in classifier. It is classified by techniques used in converters' design.


Stroke is a complex disease, but in some instances is the direct result of a monogenic disease. Here we report the case of a 44-year-old Italian man who experienced recurrent transitory ischemic attacks and strokes. He also had right fetaltype posterior cerebral artery. He was diagnosed with congenital hypodysfibrinogenemia due to a mutation leading to a truncated fibrinogen gamma chain. Further studies are needed to better elucidate the links between fibrinogen dysfunction and stroke. Hypodysfibrinogenemia should be included among the monogenic diseases associated with ischemic stroke. Physicians should be aware of this condition, which may be detectable on routine assays.


The synthesis of 2-substituted-1,3-thiazanes is reported. These compounds were prepared by condensation of 3-mercaptopropylamine hydrobromide and aldehydes or ketones in the presence of triethylamine. All the synthetic compounds were tested for radioprotective activity in mice. Preliminary results showed that only 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,3-thiazane hydrochloride and 2-phenyl-1,3-thiazane hydrochloride exhibited radio-protective action. The protection of the others were not significant.


Objective:To study the effect of high amylose starch (HACS) on hypercholesterole- mia induced by estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats. Method:Thirty six mature female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, and 5 groups were bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX), and fed respectively with control diets (no HACS) and the diets containing 10%,20%,30%, 40% HACS for 4 w. Another group was sham-overiectomized and fed with control diet. The triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (TC) in serum and liver, the cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activity in liver, the bile acid pools in small intestine and cecum, and the excretion of bile acid in feces were measured. Results:TC and TG in serum and liver were significantly higher in OVX group than sham-operated group. In OVX rats, compared with the control, the serum TC, TG was significantly decreased in group with 20% and 30%HACS diets, and the serum TC significantly decreased in group fed with 30% and 40%HACS diets. The intestinal bile acid pool and fecal excretion of bile acid were significantly greater in group fed with 30% and 40% HACS diets than in control, while cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activity wasnot significantly different in all groups. Conclusion:HACS may significantly decrease the estrogen deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats, and the effect appears to be mediated by increasing fecal excretion of bile acids and the intestinal bile acid pool.


To commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Fulbright Scholar Program in 1996 and to help set the agenda for the next half century, five former Fulbright professors, all of them women from the United States, recount the life-altering experiences they had while teaching and doing research under the program's auspices in Germany, Mexico, Chile, Romania, and Finland during the 1980s and 1990s. In separate but related essays, the five authors, all of whom are feminists, describe the various challenges and opportunities they encountered in their host countries. Among the issues discussed are the underrepresentation of women in the Fulbright program; the problems the authors faced as researchers, teachers, partners, and parents living and working abroad; the rewards they reaped from sharing their feminist perspective and pedagogy with students in other countries; and the global understanding of Women's Studies and women's concerns they gained from their experience as Fulbright fellows. The authors' goals are to encourage readers to support the program and to inspire women scholars who have not yet considered doing so to apply for Fulbright grants. This content downloaded from 22.214.171.124 on Mon, 03 Oct 2016 06:15:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 58 ANNA SHANNON ELFENBEIN, ET AL. In 1996 the Fulbright Scholar Program, the largest and most comprehensive academic-exchange program in the world, celebrated its 50th anniversary. There was much to celebrate, of course. But around the same time, the U.S. government reduced its funding of Fulbright fellowships by approximately 14%. This sharp cut in vital financial support disrupted arrangements the program's administrators had made with 26 partner countries and placed its entire future in jeopardy.' The five women authors of this essay are former Fulbrighters who believe that the program needs and deserves stronger support, both from the government and from women scholars in the United States. Our fellowships made it possible for us to serve as feminist scholars and teachers in five different countries. For all of us (Anna Shannon Elfenbein, Germany, 1992-93; Linda E. Lucas, Mexico, 1980-81; Barbara C. Ewell, Chile, 1992-93; Kathryn Cirksena, Romania, 1991-92; and Margaret McFadden, Finland, 1991-92), the Fulbright experience was an unforgettable adventure. Moreover, it has had an enormously positive effect on our lives and careers. After comparing notes on the experience during a conference, we decided to share our stories with a wider audience.2 We wrote the following accounts with three main goals in mind. The first was to break the silence that has long enveloped the participation of women in the Fulbright program.3 The second was to encourage women to give the program greater support and to ask Congress to restore its funding commitment to its previous level. And the third was to do what we could to increase the representation of women among Fulbright grantees. During the years 1992 through 1996, the most recent period for which data are available, the percentage of Fulbright awards that went to women ranged from a low of 29% to a high of 34%.4 These discouraging numbers might be thought to reflect a discriminatory selection process, but in fact women applicants had a slightly higher chance of being selected during this period than men applicants did.5 For women the problem has been that they are still underrepresented among Ph.D.'s; hence, the pool of women eligible to apply for Fulbrights has been smaller than the pool of eligible men.6 Every year the number of men with doctorates and the number of women with doctorates move closer to equality.7 As long as the numbers remain unequal, however, women have only one means of increasing their representation in the Fulbright program, and that is to apply at a higher rate than in the past and at a higher rate than men relative to the pool of eligible scholars. By recounting our own experiences as Fulbrighters, we hope to encourage women who have not yet done so to apply for fellowships. We believe that prospective applicants, whether eligible professionals, unaffiliated scholars, part-time college teachers, or full-time academics, can learn from our narratives what kinds of challenge and opportunity are likely to await them if they should be fortunate enough to receive Fulbright This content downloaded from 220.127.116.11 on Mon, 03 Oct 2016 06:15:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms TAKING ON THE WORLD 59 awards.8 For us the challenges and opportunities were uniquely rewarding. We invite interested women scholars to experience the rewards for


In view of drawbacks of existing rate control algorithms,an improve rate control algorithm for H. 264 is proposed. On the one hand,four novel weighted models using both temporal and spatial information are proposed to predict the MAD of different motion intensity. On the other hand,the changes of MAD are adopted to represent the image complexity,and used as a coefficient of the target bit allocation. Compared with algorithms of JVT-H017 and references,the bit rate of proposed algorithm is closer to the target bit,and the average of peak signal to noise ratio is improved.


This paper presents a reliability evaluation method of distribution network, which is based on the digital twin and hologram technology. The conventional method, which is based on the power outage information of distribution stations, just realizes the ex-post evaluation. However, the application of digital twin technology can not only archive real-time computing but also accurately forecast the reliability of a distribution network. In this paper, a successful application case is illustrated, which proves the feasibility of the application of digital twin technology in power grid.


Based on interpersonal comparisons, a welfare loss measure of unemployment is developed. The proposed measure is additively decomposable which enables us to assess the group-specific contribution to aggregate welfare cost. It possesses certain other desirable properties. It is sensitive to unemployment rate, mean duration of unemployment and the relative differences in the duration of unemployment. Since all these can vary differently over the years and across regions, the proposed measure is most suitable for comparing the welfare cost of unemployment over a period of time or across regions. An empirical exercise based on the Australian labour force survey data illustrates the usefulness and an easy applicability of the proposed measure. Copyright 2001 by Blackwell Publishers Ltd and The Victoria University of Manchester


The invention relates to a greenhouse crop digital-imaging method based on ARM and binocular vision. The greenhouse crop digital-imaging method includes steps of S1, calibrating a binocular video camera via a checkerboard calibration method, acquiring left-right images of greenhouse crops by the binocular video camera; S2, correcting the left-right images of the greenhouse crops of the step S1 stereoscopically by the ARM embedded platform and then matching by the improved self-adaptive weight stereoscopic matching algorithm to obtain an initial disparity map, and optimizing disparity of the initial disparity image to obtain a complete disparity map; S3, acquiring a three-dimensional point cloud of the greenhouse crops by means of the triangle ranging theory by an upper computer according to the complete disparity map of the step S2, and rendering the three-dimensional point cloud according to the left-right images of the greenhouse crops of the step S2 and displaying and storing. Compared with the prior art, the greenhouse crop digital-imaging method has the advantages that real-time three-dimensional point cloud information of the greenhouse crops can be obtained, so as to reflect growth conditions and provide control reference based on vision for automatically controlling the greenhouse environment, data accuracy is high, cost is low and the like.


Two types of structure of lead tungstate scintillating crystals grown from high-temperature melt of the mixed powders of PbO and WO 3 have been reported in the literatures. One is of space group C 6 4h -I4 1 /a,i.e. the scheelite structure, and the other D 4 -P4/nnc. It is not easy to determine its exact structure by the X-ray powder diffraction technique. On the bases of measuring its Raman spectra under different geometrical configurations and analyzing its vibration modes in the two different structures by the group theory the scheelite structure of the crystals grown from a stoichiometric melt was determined in the present paper.


Objective To study the epidemic trendy situation of mumps in Ningxia and to establish the measurements for preventing and controlling mumps.Methods The reported data of mumps from 2004 to 2006 were estabalished a database by Excel and were analyzed by Descriptive Epidemiology Method.Results 11180 cases of mumps in Ningxia had been reported during 2004-2006.There were 10.19% of statutory contagious diseases in the same period.The incidence rate of mumps was 62.91/105 in an average of year by year.Mumps cases were reported in the whole year and showed the peak in April (14.13%).Students(73.02%),scattered children(13.06%) and preschool children (8.88%) occupied mainly.The incidence rate of reported cases was 79.64% from 5 to14 years old children.Incidence rate of mumps in male was higher than that of female.Moreover it was statistically different to the incidence rate of mump cases reported in the five prefecture-level cities of Ningxia(P0.0001).Conclusion Promoting mumps vaccine,reducing child morbidity and preventing mumps outbreak should be served as the key work for the prevention and control mumps in Ningxia.


In line with theories on ownership and property rights, the present paper analyses socialist countries and the status and role of state owned enterprises in the social economic life. Out of that, it makes clear the substantial sense about "the separation of government and enterprises" and put forward certain proposals to straighten out the relationship between government and state owned enterprises based on the following advice: setting up a clear sense for property rights and for responsibility and authority, separating government and enterprises, and carrying out scientific management.


A female infant presents with extreme tachycardia and tachypnea on the sixth day after birth. She was born at 35–1/7 weeks' gestation dated by the mother's last menstrual period and first trimester ultrasonography. The 26-year-old G1P0 mother has a history of anemia and fibroids. Prenatal laboratory results were: AB+ blood type, syphilis screen-nonreactive, hepatitis B surface antigen-negative, human immunodeficiency virus-negative, rubella-immune, and gonorrhea- and chlamydia-negative. Group B streptococcal culture was pending at delivery.

The mother presented in preterm labor several hours after rupture of membranes at home with clear amniotic fluid. The infant was delivered by cesarean section due to progressing preterm labor and a frank breech presentation. The infant initially had poor color, tone, heart rate, and respiratory effort, necessitating neonatal resuscitation. After 2 minutes of positive pressure ventilation, the infant stabilized. Apgar scores were 5 at 1 minute and 8 at 5 minutes after delivery. After resuscitation, the infant continued to have nasal flaring and increased work of breathing and was transferred to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for further management.

Initial vital signs were:

On physical examination, the infant had mild respiratory distress and a soft 2/6 systolic murmur over the apex, but other findings were normal. She was placed on oxygen via nasal cannula while an initial chest radiograph and blood gas were obtained. An intravenous catheter was placed and infusion of a 10% dextrose solution at 60 mL/kg per day was started. A complete blood count and blood culture were obtained and empiric antibiotic therapy with ampicillin and gentamicin for possible sepsis was initiated.

The infant's respiratory …


The contemporary Chinese avant-garde writer Ma Yuan's "narrative trap" weakens the aesthetic subjectivity and life consciousness,and neglects national life experience and narrative literary tradition,while stressing the narrative subjectivity and the Western experimental narrative techniques.While contributing to literary subjectivity and individual emancipation,he highlights the Western transcendentalism and narrative techniques and neglects national aesthetic experience and novel's life value.


Dear Sir: Cell membrane dysfunction has been proposed as a psychobiological abnormality in affective disorders. Support for this hypothesis comes mainly from reports which demonstrate that the phloretin-inhibited component of red blood cell lithium efflux is significantly different in certain bipolar patients compared to healthy controls (1-5). Furthermore, in patients on lithium therapy this in vitro parameter correlates with ratios determined in vivo (RBC Iithium{ plasma lithium) (3,5-7). Since the reduced phloretin-inhibited RBC lithium efflux is considered to be characteristic of bipolar patients and can be measured in vitro, prior to the initiation ofIithium treatment, it has been proposed as an important diagnostic tool, with predictive value for lithium response (3). Before such a conclusion can be drawn, however, it is important to ensure that this biochemical parameter is reasonably reproducible, particularly as the patient-control differences reported originally by Pandey et al. were rather small and significant only when statistically tested by onetailed procedure (2,8). When we measured Li+ efflux in vitro we obtained the same mean values as Pandey, but in our sample the patient-control differences were not statistically significant (9). During the search for possible reasons for this discrepancy, our two groups have independently investigated the intra-individual day-to-day reproducibility of in vitro erythrocyte lithium efflux and its phloretin-inhibited component in 6 patients with bipolar affective disorders and in 14 control subjects: 6 patients and 6 controls in Hamilton and 8 controls in Ottawa. Details of the laboratory techniques are reported elsewhere (10). Both total erythrocyte lithium efflux and its phloretin inhibited component showed wide day-to-day variations in patients as well as in healthy control subjects, with coefficients of variation ranging from 31.11 % to 97.12%. The reproducibility of RBC lithium efflux is illustrated in two typical subjects, a control and a bipolar patient (Table I). At the same time, duplicate measurements on the same sample had coefficients of variation of less than 2%. These results indicated that the large variability observed was not due to inconsistencies in laboratory techniques, but resulted from day-to-day biological fluctuations or from a variability of phloretin inhibition. The absolute values of phloretin-inhibited lithium efflux are relatively small and therefore large variability is disconcerting particularly for any clinical application. In addition to finding large intra-individual fluctuations, in this study we found no significant difference between phloretininhibited RBC lithium efflux in patients and controls (analysis of variance, statistical Reviewer: Prof. M. Gent, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario). In fact, the patient-control differences found were of similar magnitude as the intraindividual variation of these values. These findings have to be generalized with caution because of large variation and relatively small sample size in this study. Two independent research groups (11,12) have recently investigated a similar RBC-lithium efflux assay and found it relatively stable and reproducible over time. Although the mean values and the large standard deviations found by these authors are in agreement with our results, their methodology is different; it does not include phloretin and so a direct comparison cannot be justified. We have found that the inter-individual variation of phloretin-inhibited lithium efflux is considerably larger than the intra-individual one and thus we conclude that this assay can be applied in large scale research studies. However, as the day-to-day variation of this measurement is very substantial, this assay cannot be used to characterize individuals, or meaningfully separate controls from patients, and its value in clinical diagnosis is at present, unconfirmed. It is our opinion, that in view of the large intra-individual fluctuations and the methodological complexities, the


Liver cells from lymphosarcoma-bearing DBA/1J mice were shown, by parabiotic culture with normal liver cells from isologous mice, to elaborate an agent which could pass a 25 mu filter and transform the normal cells to a malignant state.


Water resources are under tremendous pressure as a result of the growing demand for water to meet human needs. Hence, it is necessary to delineate groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) to sustainably develop and manage groundwater resources. In this study, the geospatial-based analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and frequency ratio (FR) techniques were used to identify the GWPZs. Seven factors (geology, rainfall, slope, lineament density, soil, drainage density, and land use/land cover), which partially or entirely influence the groundwater potentiality of an area, were accessed separately and later combined to create GWPZ maps. Weights and ranks were assigned to the factors to perform the AHP model using existing knowledge. The FR was performed by calculating the percentage ratio between the dependent variable (boreholes) and the independent variable (factors). The preparation of the contributing factors and the creation of the resulting models was done using ArcGIS 10.8. The final GWPZ maps were classified into five zones: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. About 80 boreholes in the study area were randomly subset into training and testing datasets; 58% were used for model training, and the remaining 42% were used for validation purposes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the GWPZs models were generated, and the areas under the curves (AUC) were calculated. Validation of the models shows that the FR model is more efficient (85.3% accuracy) than the AHP model (83.2% accuracy). The findings show that the AHP and FR models are reliable and can be adopted to characterize GWPZs in arid or semi-arid environments.