The topic of self-government is closely related to the issues of ethics, morality, character and virtues, which are the study subject of both philosophy and psychology. Therefore, some scientific, sociocognitive and neuropsychological research which we refer to in our paper, have been approached from a philosophical perspective. In simple terms, science shows us what i possible and how self-regulation - which includes the function of self-control - works. Philosophy explains why, for what purpose is the capacity of personal self-government important. However, the boundary between the two disciplines is not immovable and impermeable. The philosopher uses and reflects on experience and scientific knowledge, and the psychologist relies on value assumptions and address value issues, as for example: what does it mean to be or become an integrated, mature, productive person.
The terms of self-government, self-control, and self-management, in essence, have the same meaning, but different connotations. The first belongs to traditional philosophical and the others to contemporary scientific discourse. We have chosen as our primary expression  "self-government" in order to highlight the continuity between the long tradition of philosophical thinking and the latest psychological scientific knowledge on this complex ability. Whether we are observing it from a philosophical or psychological standpoint, we regard self-governance as a prerequisite for all life achievements and virtues. It is not an end in itself, but a capacity that enables the development of other potentials, competencies and skills, as well as the realization of values essential for the individual and society. Self-governance is a component inherent to patience, perseverance, endurance, moderation, fairness, objectivity, decency, kindness, and so on. It is indispensable in education, in negotiations, conflict management, informed decision making, in improving oneself and one's social relations. Just how instrumental the ability to regulate oneself can be is best shown in the fact that it can also serve negative, antisocial goals, when it is, for example, ingrained in calculative, vindictive behavior, in lying, deceit, prevarication, manipulation, and the like. In this paper, however, we are going to be dealing with self-governance as the ability that determines the qualities aimed at personality development where a person is both an individualized and a social being. So we observe self-governance through the prism of virtues modeled after the ancient Greek ethics as skills of excellence in the art of living with others in a community. Community life not only implies, but it is communication. As social beings who actualize their distinctiveness and uniqueness in interpersonal relations and communication, the issue of consciousness and the level of conscious control that we exert over our behavior when interacting with others is undoubtedly one of the most important and fundamental issues of human existence. The aim of this paper is to restore the repute of the idea of self-governance or self-control, which is nowadays perceived as, to say the least, dubious. Today, when individualism and hedonism are the order of the day, this concept is viewed as unpopular, it is perceived as an offshoot of the regressive and (self) repressive moralism. Contrary to that, we perceive self-government as a means of gaining freedom and the ability of self-determination, of crafting a well-rounded and balanced personality capable of forging harmonious and socially beneficial interpersonal relations.
Some people are critical of the concept of self-control due to the misconception that this concept is just another form of the phenomenon of repression. When psychoanalysis, which introduced the notion of repression, spilled over into popular culture, people started identifying self-control with the traditional, undue and neuroticizing repression over oneself. However, self-control is the ability to keep under control, not repress below the threshold of consciousness one's emotions and reactions in different life circumstances, in order to survive and realize oneself in the community and achieve the goals one deems important. Unlike repression, self-control entails awareness of internal states, feelings, thoughts, emotions. Someone with a good command of himself doesn't suppress his impulses and feelings, rather he consciously avoids succumbing to them, while someone else is going to succumb to them, disregarding possible or probable devastating consequences. Repression is an unconscious defense mechanism. Not only is person unaware of the repressed content, he/she is not aware of the very process of repression. On the other hand, self-control is based on conscious metacognitive strategies.
The automatism of binary thinking, functioning according to the principle "or - or", imposes, as self-evident, the question whether developing the capacity of self-control implies lack of spontaneity and authenticity. Authenticity and spontaneity are associated with being faithful to one's emotions ("following one's feelings" or "one's heart"), which are believed to constitute the essence of individuality, whereas self-control sounds like a necessary evil, a toll that has to be paid in order to adapt to society, which implies losing one's uniqueness and singularity. Here, the perception of both spontaneity and authenticity is rather problematic, and so is the superficially imposed equals sign between them. Often we interpret as spontaneous reactions that we have learned and that have become our unconscious automatisms. Misconceptions about the notion of spontaneity originate from the faulty and romanticized assumptions about the so-called "genuine" human nature, to which society is imposing artificial, arbitrary norms and rules. Thus, the authenticity is superficially interpreted as faithfulness to one's allegedly primordial nature. The rate and immediacy of unconscious automatisms deceives us into thinking that those are our authentic feelings. However, authenticity is something you have to work on. Higher developmental levels and the freedom of self-determination, which are the core of authenticity, cannot be reached following primordially predetermined paths, the way our body grows without our conscious participation. Individual ruled by the necessity of his natural spontaneity is by no means the same as someone who is a creature of freedom, someone who decides for himself, who relies on the act of decision making. On the path of becoming an authentic person, individual must overcome a host of external and internal resistances and obstacles, which requires strengthening of its capacity to govern itself.
Instincts, urges, basic emotions are part of our nature, just as it is the case with animal species, whose behavioral tendencies are inborn, inadvertent, imperative. However, even the highest and most complex psychical functions of a human being have their roots in its biological nature. This is also true of the will coupled in the self-governing, that is, in the ability to choose the harder path, not conforming to our immediate urges. Neurosciences confirm the findings of the sociocognitive theory implying that almost every minute (except in case of a vital danger) man makes choices that impact both him and his surroundings. He employs his powers of self-regulation and self-control in an attempt to substantiate the future he wants and avoid the future he doesn't want. In our everyday life, however, we are often under the impression that the neurologically rooted self-regulation ability doesn't serve us as well as we would like it to, or that it doesn't function as naturally as the instincts and emotions that it should be regulating. Many factors are blamed for impairing the capacity of self-governance and the "reserve of will", among others - those of physiological and psychological nature, and factors arising from the natural and social surroundings. But we are interested in the question that science is not equipped to raise or answer: Do we have a moral obligation and responsibility to develop our more neuro-mental structures that, among other things, allow us to govern ourselves? If we know that a human being builds his identity, becomes a person, a personality, only in intersubjective communication space; that it is the very life in a community that person enters immediately after birth, that develops his cognitive and affective capacities as well as moral dispositions, then we believe that we are obliged to learn to govern ourselves. Therefore, we have chosen as the subject and the objective of this paper to rehabilitate and revive the old, and, in our opinion, everlastingly worthy concept of self-governing.


The present invention relate sto a module type comb bean expansion joint equipment resisting especially big dislocation. It includs at least two side-by-side arranged modules according to width direction of bridge, in which every module includes fixed comb plate and movable comb plate which are respectively placed on the beam bodies of two sides of bridge expansion joint, the movable comb plate is cross-placed on the bridge expansion joint, and the fixed comb plate and movable comb plaet are respectively equipped with comb teeth on the respective opposite end portions, and these comb teeth are mutually spaced and cross-arranged.


In sub-Saharan Africa insecticide-treated materials (ITMs)--primarily mosquito nets or bed nets--have protected pregnant women and reduced mortality among infants and children. According to the WHO the use of treated bed nets can reduce rates of severe malaria by an average of 45% and decrease childhood mortality rates between 25% and 35%. Since the nets and insecticide have proven so effective that access to them furthers public health the WHO UN Childrens Fund and the US Agency for International Development (USAID) have committed in the distribution of ITMs. The international donors have also supported the public sector and nongovernmental organizations in selling health products and services at affordable prices and motivating people to use them. However Will Shaw director of international public health with the Academy for Educational Development (AED) pointed out several limitations of donor-funded ITM programs. Hence under a cooperative agreement with USAID AED will work with the S.C. Johnson company and other international and local partners on the Africa NetMark regional project promoting the commercial distribution of ITMs.


A differential equation is proposed to express the relationship between dynamic increasing factor of strength increasing amplitude and logarithm strain rate of concrete based on experimental results of uniaxial dynamic strength tests.On this basis,a non-linear uniaxial dynamic strength criterion of concrete,namely J criterion is established.Furthermore,a maximum dynamic increasing factor of strength increasing amplitude for improving the J criterion to transform into a new criterion,namely S criterion,to describie the dynamic peak strength characteristics of concrete is introduced.The validity of the J criterion and S criterion are verified by published results of uniaxial dynamic strength tests of concrete.Comparing with the bilinear uniaxial dynamic strength criterion,the J criterion and the S criterion are able to satisfactorily describe the nonlinear dynamic strength characteristics of concrete.Both criteria have fewer parameters,unified expression and continuous smooth strength curve,and the S criterion is able to reflect the uniaxial dynamic limit strength of concrete.


The three stages of the traditional crime constitution theory can be interpreted in four dimensions.In terms of types,there are far more journal articles than works on the study of crime constitution.The researches are generally less systematic and in-depth than they should.In terms of the research procedure,the researches mainly transplant and imitate foreign crime constitution theories.With the rapid changes in our social political situation,the researches have experienced a developing process of affirmation—negation—the negation of negation.From the perspective of the development trend,there is a tendency in the academia to introduce German and Japanese crime theories for theoretical reformulation.In terms of the academic style,the theory on crime constitution,while ridding itself from politics,is becoming more independent.


This study investigated the correlation between corporate governance and firm survival of telecommunication firms in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The cross –sectional survey research design was applied. Data for the research was collected through questionnaire administered to 51 management staff of four telecommunications firms of which 44 were usable. The data was analysed by the use of Spearman Rank Order Correlation Co-efficient and hypothesis were tested by method of p value. The outcome of the hypotheses test indicates that there is a significant relationship between the dimensions of corporate governance (board independence and transparency) and the measures of the firms' survival (adaptability and innovation). Based on the findings, it was recommended that the management and other decision makers in telecommunication firms should formulate policies that promote the adoption of independence of board members, so that the organization can quickly adapt to changes that arises within the industry they operate in and should promote transparent practices as this will instil confidence and trust amongst stakeholders and ensure business survival. Keywords: Adaptability; Board Independence; Corporate Governance; Innovation; Organisational Survival; Transparency. DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-10-08 Publication date: April 30 th 2020


We numerically demonstrate that a planar slab made of magnetic Weyl semimetal (a class of topological materials) can emit high-purity circularly polarized (CP) thermal radiation over a broad mid- and long-wave infrared wavelength range for a significant portion of its emission solid angle. This effect fundamentally arises from the strong infrared gyrotropy or nonreciprocity of these materials which primarily depends on the momentum separation between Weyl nodes in the band structure. We clarify the dependence of this effect on the underlying physical parameters and highlight that the spectral bandwidth of CP thermal emission increases with increasing momentum separation between the Weyl nodes. We also demonstrate using recently developed thermal discrete dipole approximation (TDDA) computational method that finite-size bodies of magnetic Weyl semimetals can emit spectrally broadband CP thermal light, albeit over smaller portion of the emission solid angle compared to the planar slabs. Our work identifies unique fundamental and technological prospects of magnetic Weyl semimetals for engineering thermal radiation and designing efficient CP light sources.


Distribution of velocities and turbulent intensities in turbulent boundary layers developed in a diffuser were studied experimentally when the diffuser was rotated about an axis perpendicular to it. With and increase in the opening angle of the diffuser, the turbulent intensities and the time mean velocity gradient were increased more near the pressure side wall, but decreased near the suction side wall due to the effects of the Coriolies force. On the pressure side wall, turbulent intensities were enhanced by the rotation, and the Monin-Oboukov formula was ascertained to be approximately established within the experiment range even in an adverse pressure gradient.


This overview of classroom-centered research on language teaching and learning is a survey of themes, not of research findings. Beginning with the problems of definition and of research method, it then looks at the origins of such research in general educational and teacher-training studies and in the failure of method research in the sixties. It then traces the development both of the concerns and of the research tools of classroom-centered research on language teaching and learning. Finally, the development of a productive controversy over research methods is briefly described. Fundamental to the survey is the conception of classroom-centered research as an approach to the study of language pedagogy that draws its unity from the belief that the classroom is the proper place to look first for insights and understanding.


Abstract Eleven new amine-templated uranyl selenate hydrates have been prepared by evaporation from aqueous solution of uranyl nitrate, selenic acid and the respective amines. The structures of the compounds have been solved by direct methods and refined using least-squares techniques. Each structure is based upon [(UO2)2(SeO4)3(H2O)]2– layers of corner-sharing UO7 pentagonal bipyramids and SeO4 tetrahedra. The layers are based upon 4- and 6-membered rings arranged in different fashion. In topology I, 6-membered rings form edge-sharing chains, whereas, in topology II, they form corner-sharing chains. Layers with the topology II exist in two geometrical isomers that differ in the system of 'up' and 'down' orientations of tetrahedra relative to the plane of the layer. There are two isomers, one of which is chiral and the other is achiral. The layers with the topology II are chiral. Chirality is induced by the combination of orientations of tetrahedra and direction of the U → H2O bond. The analysis of the relationships between composition and shape of amine molecules and layer topology reveals two important regularities. 1. Aliphatic components of amine molecules tend to associate with 6-MRs of the inorganic layers. 2. Molecules with longer and spacious aliphatic components favor formation of the layers with topology II, whereas those with shorter aliphatic components prefer layers with the topology I.


In 1999, the ATM Forum international consortium app roved the first version of its ATM security specifications, whereas the Internet Engin eeri g Task Force (IETF) published a series of IP security RFC. The aim of those documents is t o protect communications over Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network, respectiv ely the Internet Protocol (IP) network by offering data confidentiality, partners authenti ca on, etc. This paper considers an IP/ATM VPN environment and addresses the best security ser vices placement either in the IP or ATM protocol and the positioning of those security solu ti ns in the architecture. Traffic filtering aspects are also considered.


Purpose: Official trip is one of the common business processes carried out by every organization, including educational institutions. However, in its implementation, there are various kinds of obstacles that have an impact on the lack of effectiveness and efficiency of the system, in terms of time, material and human resources. This study aims to evaluate existing business processes and design, and implement the results of business process re-engineering (BPR) in the official trip system which is supported by digitization and digitalization with a multi-unit integration approach at one of the private universities in Indonesia, Telkom University.Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a mixed-method with an embedded design approach. The quantitative method was carried out by calculating the performance of official trip procedures before and after the BPR. Meanwhile, the qualitative method was carried out by conducting interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with key informants in this study. Triangulation technique was used to validate the research results.Findings: The BPR process has resulted in radical changes to the official trip system at the university, namely from a mixed system of manual / offline & online to completely online, from a very centralized to decentralized decision process, and the availability of a transparent monitoring system. These changes provide significant results by increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of business processes so as to speed up time, save paper (reduce paper waste and reduce costs) and optimize employee assignments.Originality/value: This study adds new insights into the implementation of BPR to the official trip system in higher education. This research implies that BPR can produce radical changes in business processes in higher education to become more effective and efficient. In addition, this study proposes several practical and academically useful recommendations for further research in this area.


There exists mutually interpretation between moral philosophy and moral developmental psychology. This paper applies Habermas' communicative action theory and discourse ethics to Piaget's research of the development of children's game rule awareness, understanding Piaget's moral constructivism from communication relation, especially from two moral ideal types in the development of children's moral consciousness. It shows that moral awareness as rational fact in philosophy constructs rational capability in children's moral development through specific communication activities, especially children games.


Failure of spinal (subarachnoid or intrathecal) block occurs when the spinal anesthetic was attempted but no block ensued or a block is present but inadequate for the surgery. Inadequate block may be caused by problems with the extent, quality, or duration of the local anesthetic action. Although failure rates as high as 17% have been reported, a rate of less than 1% is attainable with careful attention to detail. An intrathecal injection can fail owing to pitfalls in the lumbar puncture, solution injection, spread of the drug through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), drug action on the spinal nerve roots and cord, and patient management. This review article considers the mechanisms of failure that, if possible, can be avoided to minimize the risk of having a patchy regional block. A failed or dry tap is immediately apparent because CSF is not obtained. This is most often the result of either poor positioning of the patient or incorrect needle insertion, both of which are controlled by the anesthetist. Good clinical training is necessary for success. The patient should be positioned on a firm surface, with the lumbar laminae and spines separated by flexing the whole spine; the assistant is vitally important in achieving and maintaining the patient in the correct position. Needle insertion should begin in the midline, midway between the posterior spines. Only if resistance to advancement develops should small incremental changes in needle angle be made. To keep the patient calm and relaxed, explanations before and throughout the procedure are necessary and should be offered in a gentle, unhurried fashion. Adjuncts such as local anesthetic infiltration and systemic analgesia help to optimize the patient's position and prevent movement. Although the presence of clear fluid in the needle hub is usually indicative that the subarachnoid space has been entered, this is not always the case. The appearance of CSF in the needle hub is essential for spinal anesthesia, but an effective dose is equally important. The dose used depends on the local anesthetic chosen, the baricity of that solution, the patient's posture, type of block required, and duration of surgery. Dose titration during continuous spinal anesthesia allows for lower effective doses than the large single-shot technique. Injectate can be lost because it leaks between the syringe and needle or through a defect at the junction of the needle hub and shaft. The syringe with the injectate must be inserted firmly into the hub to avoid any leakage. Care is required to avoid any displacement of the needle tip from the subarachnoid to epidural space where local anesthetic will have little or no effect; this is particularly important with the pencil-point needles now used because only a slight backward movement my cause epidural injection. Inadequate intrathecal spread can be caused by an anatomic abnormality, such as kyphosis or scoliosis, ligaments supporting the spinal cord forming complete septae and blocking the spread of anesthetic, or spinal stenosis or other lesions. The volume of lumbar CSF is an important factor for the spread of intrathecal injection. The solution density must be considered. An isobaric solution will block the lower limbs with little risk of thoracic nerve block and hypotension. Hyperbaric solutions, with the density greater than that of CSF, move because of gravity and the curves of the vertebral canal. The addition of glucose to the solution increases its reliability. Ineffective drug action is also a cause of failed spinal anesthesia. Identification errors can occur because spinal anesthetics, local anesthetics for skin infiltration, and analgesic adjuvants are often within the same sterile work area and can be confused. Chemical incompatibility between the local anesthetic and adjuvant is also a possible cause of ineffectiveness. Other causes include an inactive local anesthetic solution because of hydrolysis and subsequent instability and physiologic resistance of the patient to the actions of local anesthetic drugs. Management of patients undergoing spinal block includes good preoperative counseling, a supportive approach from the anesthetist during the surgery, and judicious use of systemic sedative and analgesic agents to allow the patient to become drowsy or even sleep, all of which will reduce the patient's anxiety and thoughts that the spinal block has not worked. If the block truly fails, management will depend on the inadequacy and the time at which it is apparent. Monitoring the onset of the block and correct interpretation of one's observations are necessary. If the onset of either motor or sensory block is slow, it is likely that the block will be inadequate. If no block occurs, conversion to general anesthesia and repeating the block procedure are the only options. A good block of inadequate cephalad spread most likely requires a change in the patient's position, or a different baricity of solution should be tried, or the catheter should be withdrawn before the injection is repeated. A good but unilateral block can be corrected by a change in the patient's position; if the surgery is to be on the anesthetized limb, the surgeon should reassure the patient and closely monitor the situation. A patchy block can be linked to a partially misplaced local anesthetic or an inadequate dose. If surgery has started, the spinal injection can be repeated or systemic supplementation can be used. A block that does not last long enough is usually the result of an inadequate dose of the local anesthetic; systemic supplementation or infiltration of local anesthetic may help, but often, the only option is to move to general anesthesia. If the block is repeated, local anesthetic may be in the CSF, affecting the adjacent nerve tissue, so the risk of direct needle trauma is increased. The decision to convert to general anesthesia after an inadequate block is based on common sense and clinical experience. All details of the inadequate or failed block procedure must be carefully and fully documented. The patient must receive an apology and full explanation, and, if necessary, a detailed investigation must be undertaken.


Cl-BODIPYs, synthesized in high yields from dipyrrins under air- and moisture-free conditions, are extremely facile to substitution at boron compared to their corresponding F-BODIPYs, opening up a new route to BODIPYs functionalized at boron.


The goal of the present work was to investigate the development of a geopolymeric ceramic material from a mixture of mine residue, coal fly ash, blast furnace slag, and alkali activator solution by the geopolymer technique. The results showed that the higher compressive strength of geopolymeric ceramic material increased with an increase in active filler (blast furnace slag + coal fly ash) contents and with a reduction of mine residue contents. The geopolymeric ceramic had very high early age strength. The compressive strength of the geopolymeric ceramic depended on the added active filler content. The maximum compressive strength of the geopolymeric ceramic containing 20 wt.% mine residue was 141.2 MPa. The compressive strength of geopolymeric ceramic manufactured by adding mine residue was higher than that of portland cement mortar, which is 60 MPa, when cured for 28 days. SEM observation showed the possibility of having amorphous aluminosilicate gel within geopolymeric ceramic. XRD patterns indicate that the geopolymeric ceramic was composed of amorphous aluminosilicate, calcite, quartz, and muscovite. The Korea Standard Leaching Test (KSLT) was used to determine the leaching potential of the geopolymeric ceramic. The amounts of heavy metals were noticeably reduced after the solidification of mine residue with active filler.


Technological possibilities of jet processing cause increased attention to the study of the regularities of the process. The main interest for practice is the establishment of the kind of dependencies between technological parameters (abrasive particles size, particle speed, concentration, compressed air pressure, attack angle, physical and mechanical properties of particles and surface to be treated) and initial process parameters (roughness of the treated surface, removal rates of the metal and libel). That, in turn, determines the necessity of optimal choice of the values of technological parameters in the conditions of a concrete production situation. The basic regularities can be established as a result of regression analysis of experimental data. However, the use of the resulting laws is limited to the complexity of the process and relatively narrow areas of changing the parameters of the experiment.The purpose of the work is to determine the factors that determine the formation of a microrelief in the area of the abrasive air jet, the relationship between them and the degree of their effect on the intensity of the formation of a microrelief; formation of a model of finishing treatment of collector plates, creation of theoretical bases and methodology of designing high-efficient resource-saving technological processes of production of motor collectors of electric machines.Analysis of recent research and publications. The following contributions were made to the development of the theory of modeling of the inkjet-abrasive surface treatment: Volovetsky O.E., Denysyuk V.Yu., Kharchik M.M., Buts BP, Andilahi A.A., Novikov FV, Gordeyev AI, Urbanyuk Ye.A., Silin R.S. and other.The most universal approach based on determining the search dependencies and solving the problem of optimizing the technological parameters of the processing process as a result of statistical simulation, namely the ability to control the input parameters before the start of the model or in the process of work - one of the key benefits of using simulation modeling for the analysis of systems and processes. This allows you to determine the optimal parameters, which maximize the efficiency of the processes, determine the relationship between the input and output parameters.The paper considers: creation of theoretical bases and methodology of designing high-efficiency resource-saving technological processes of production of motor collectors of electric machines; the process of formation of microrelief of collector plates in the area of the abrasive air jet, the relationship between the factors and the degree of their influence on the intensity of formation. The formation of a model of finishing treatment of collector plates treated with silicon carbide (black) was determined.Prospects for further research are the improvement of the technological process of obtaining collector nodes on the possibilities of implementation.


Palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) is a by-product produced during palm oil processing. In South East Asian countries, EFB is abundant and can be utilized as a renewable energy source. Cofiring of EFB with coal can be beneficial for preserving coal and reducing CO2 emission. However, EFB has some weaknesses in its properties such as; low bulk density, high moisture content, high alkaline contents, etc. Moreover, high amount of silicon and potassium in EFB tend to increase ash agglomeration which causes slagging and fouling in the equipment. In this study, hydrothermal treatment (HT) was employed to improve the physicochemical properties of the EFB by turning into biochar. Biochars are obtained after EFB is treated hydrothermally at a temperature range of 200-300 oC for 60 minutes were characterized for their proximate and ultimate compositions, mineral composition, calorific values, and ash fusion temperature. The analyses showed that fixed carbon increased while volatile matter decreased after HT. These changes were more prominent with increasing reaction temperature. The calorific values of EFB increased from 19.05 MJ/kg to 29.31 MJ/kg after HT at 300 oC. The biochar was then mixed with coal at different ratios (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1) for cofiring. The results showed that the energy densification increased with increasing reaction temperature. XRF results showed that the contents of Na, K and Si in EFB decreased after HT, resulting in the increased ash melting temperature. Consequently, the fouling and agglomeration potential could be reduced. The optimum ratio for cofiring between biochar and coal was found to be 2:1, as the fouling and slagging indices were lowest. It can be concluded that HT is a promising method for upgrading EFB as a feedstock for cofiring with coal.


The LMTO method has been applied to calculate band structures for the heavier rare-earth metals. The calculations are relativistic. Thulium in particular has been considered, where a frozen core approximation is used, and the outer electrons are treated self-consistently. Problems associated with the localisation and interactions of the 4f electrons are discussed. The comparisons between experimental data and calculated quantities are encouraging, but more data on high-purity single crystals would be helpful.


Internalized weight bias (IWB) has been associated with weight regain after intentional weight loss, but reliance on cross‐sectional data limits the understanding of this relationship. This study prospectively evaluated IWB as a predictor of weight change in a longitudinal observational study of successful weight‐loss maintainers.


In this paper, we present the influence of temperature on the Kirkendall effect-related evolution of coaxial ZnO/Al2O3 one-dimensional heterostructures based on a solid-state reaction. Controllable fabrication of spinel ZnAl2O4-based nanotubes and porous nanowires can step-by-step be achieved from ZnO/Al2O3 core−shell nanowires with a change in the reaction temperature. In particular, we demonstrate that the formation of completely hollow nanotubes in this system is not strictly limited to a fixed stoichiometry of ZnO/Al2O3 required for the spinel-forming reaction when an annealing temperature of 800 °C is employed. Combined with atomic layer deposition, the wall thickness of the formed nanotubes can be further precisely tailored and defined. Our finding provides an effective route to fabricate spinel nanotubes as well as nanotube arrays on a large scale.


Counterfactual thinking is another thinking way of which denied the things occurred in the past and designed a kind of possible hypothesis in the mind.The investigations in the oversea mainly explored the relations among children' s counterfactu-al thinking and false belief,pretence and reasoning etc.,however,which is in a state of weakness in our country.The study of counterfactual thinking has a bright future of application.The future research will have to emphasize on the relations among coun-terfactual thinking,emotion and attribution and the nerval and mental mechanism of counterfactual thinking.


Simple Summary Moringa oleifera and Chlorella vulgaris microalgae have a good balance of amino acids with high protein contents; however, complementary and synergic effects between proteins can improve their nutritive value compared to the individual additive. Replacing a concentrate mixture at 20% to 40% levels with a mixture of M. oleifera and microalgae improved nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation characteristics, milk production, composition and the fatty acid profile of goats. Inclusion of M. oleifera and microalgae mixture to partially replace concentrates may enhance milk production performance and milk quality without affecting animal health. Abstract Exploring suitable alternatives for high-cost concentrate feeds is a critical factor for successful livestock production. The present experiment aimed to evaluate the dietary inclusion of Moringa oleifera silage and Chlorella vulgaris microalgae (at 1% of total diet, DM basis) in a quintuplicate 3 × 3 Latin square design for milk production performance, nutrient utilization and ruminal fermentation in Damascus goats. Fifteen lactating Damascus goats were divided into three groups to be fed a diet composed of a concentrate mixture and rice straw at 60:40 (DM basis) in the control group and fed for 30 days in each period. The concentrate mixture in the control treatment was replaced with M. oleifera silage and C. vulgaris microalgae at 20% (MA20 treatment) or 40% (MA40 treatment). Treatments did not affect total feed intake but increased (p < 0.01) crude protein (CP) and fiber intakes while decreasing nonstructural carbohydrates intake. The digestibility of CP and acid detergent fiber increased due to silage supplementation compared to the control treatment. Treatments increased (p < 0.05) ruminal pH and the concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, acetate, and propionate; however, they decreased (p < 0.05) the concentrations of ammonia-N. Treatments increased (p < 0.05) the concentrations of serum glucose and antioxidant capacity. Both MA20 and MA40 treatments increased the daily milk production, the concentrations of milk fat and lactose, and feed efficiency compared to the control treatment. Additionally, MA20 and MA40 treatments increased the proportions of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and total conjugated linoleic acids. It is concluded that the concentrate feed mixture in the diet of lactating goats can be replaced up to 40% (equals to 24% of total diet) with M. oleifera silage to improve feed intake and nutrient utilization, and milk production performance.


Purpose: The multiple sclerosis disease is one of the most common progressive neurological diseases in young adults. According to this matter, that risk possibility is two or three times more than healthy people. The purpose of current study is to survey the effect of balance training on posture sway in multiple sclerosis patients Study method: The current study is semi-experimental. In this regard, 20 patients with multiple sclerosis from MS Society of Iran with age range of (41/8512/59) and scale score of disability progression (0-5) were participated in this study during 10 weeks (three times a week and Each session 1.5 hour). The posture sway in subjects were measured before and after practicing with static stabilometer machine, and also the paired sample t test with (P≤0.05) for results comparison was used. Results: The results of research showed that the effect of balance training on general fluctuations decrement (P= 0.000), anterior - posterior (P=0.02) and sway speed range (P=0.01) was meaningful but the exercises effect on medio-lateral sway (P=0.07) was meaningful. Conclusion: The achieved results from the study showed that the selected balance training was effective on general posture sway especially anterior–posterior. Article visualizations:


In order to investigate the circumstances under which drivers tend to fall asleep while driving, a questionnaire study was carried out among a sample of 4448 crash-involved car drivers in Norway. The relationship between falling asleep at the wheel and various background factors was investigated by multiple logistic regression analysis. Six per cent of the drivers reported having fallen asleep at the wheel during the previous 12 months, and 22 per cent reported having ever fallen asleep while driving. Male drivers were 2.5 times more likely than females to have fallen asleep while driving. Young drivers are overrepresented in such incidents, probably due to more night-time driving and a lifestyle implying less sleep. Falling asleep at the wheel typically occurs on a straight rural road with little traffic and a relatively high speed limit, and during good weather and driving conditions. Although this may indicate that falling asleep is more likely during monotonous conditions, it is however not possible to make any definite conclusions without knowing how the exposure is distributed across different driving conditions. Drivers fall asleep relatively more often on roads where they seldom drive, and when the trip purpose is vacation, leisure driving, or visits. Between midnight and 6 a.m. the risk of falling asleep at the wheel is about 17 times higher than between 6 a.m. and noon. However, due to a much higher traffic volume during daytime, the number of falling-asleep incidents is higher during the day than during the night. Most drivers who have fallen asleep at the wheel report that they felt tired before the incident, but they tried to defy the symptoms, believing they could keep awake by effort. Very few report that they fell asleep without feeling tired in advance. Those who have felt tired while driving tried various measures to stay awake (opening the window, putting on the fan, playing music, listening to the radio, etc.), but very many report falling asleep despite such measures. A substantial proportion of the drivers fall asleep while driving after poor sleep, or after a particularly long or strenuous day, but most incidents seem to occur without any reported sleep deprivation or fatiguing precursors. On the basis of data regarding annual falling-asleep incidents, proportion of incidents leading to a crash, and annual driving distance, the risk of a sleep-related crash is estimated to be 0.15 crashes per million km. Furthermore, drivers who have fallen asleep at the wheel are more likely to have been the guilty party in their last reported crash, even for crashes not reported to be caused by sleep or fatigue. A possible explanation is that falling asleep at the wheel may be associated with certain more general risk-related personal characteristics.


OBJECTIVE: The average child in the United States is overfed and undernourished. Adequate nutrition sets the foundation for a child's lifetime. Growing evidence links chronic diseases with poor nutrition starting in early childhood. Traditionally, pediatric nutritional status in pediatric is assessed with growth charts. Growing evidence indicates this method may be unable to detect suboptimal nutritional deficiencies that may lead to chronic diseases. Technological advancements and the growth of nutritional knowledge may enable better detection and treatment of nutritional deficiencies. METHOD: Literature review was performed via PubMed, AAP, CDC, USDA, NIH, AHA, and ADA. RESULTS: Over one hundred peer reviewed articles were used as well as official government documents. CONCLUSION: Current methods to assess nutritional status in the pediatric population are unsatisfactory. Several alternative methods have been proposed, all of which have strengths and weaknesses associated with them. A gold standard needs to be developed to ensure the health of future generations.


This paper introduces a technique to build undecimated Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition Filter Banks (MEMDFBs) for arbitrary trees. The available option of undecimated MEMDFBs for arbitrary trees is achieved by exchanging assisting noise channels. An application for speech enhancement is also introduced.


While not a new practice, the incidence of ear gauging is increasing. Our purpose is to review the literature (including the history of ear gauging as well as current repair techniques) and propose a new technique (the star technique) to better equip the contemporary cosmetic surgeon.


Pretibial lacerations are an important cause of morbidity, particularly in elderly patients. When treated inappropriately these wounds may take a long time to heal. For example, primary suture may result in flap necrosis and delayed healing, although the use of adhesive tapes may reduce the mean healing time from 53 to 39 days. De-fatting and laying the pretibial flap back on the wound have been shown to produce a similar mean healing time of 40.7 days. However, conservative management with dressings has been shown to result in an even longer average healing time of 65 days.


We use boundary quantum group symmetry to obtain recursion formulae which determine nondiagonal solutions of the boundary Yang–Baxter equation (reflection equation) of the XXZ type for any spin j.


The proliferation of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) has resulted in an unstable political, legal, and regulatory environment for this form of foreign direct investment (FDI). This article explains SWF growth over the last half-century; discusses issues surrounding SWF "transparency" and host-country national security risk; reviews the legal and regulatory structures governing FDI in major national economies; examines proposed regulatory approaches to structure the FDI environment; and concludes with a discussion of SWF regulatory policy recommendations addressing corporate governance principles, national security restrictions on equity investment, and investment reciprocity, and suggests recommendations for executives considering engaging an SWF investment partner. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Address correspondence to: Prof. Dr. Nevin Ergun Hacettepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 06100 Samanpazarı, Ankara, Türkiye E-mail: email@example.com Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of home exercises therapy (HT) and manual therapy (MT) in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) after 4weeks of intervention period. Methods: Forty patients with TMD with myofascial pain and/or anterior disc displacement with reduction were randomly divided into two groups: HT (N=20) and MT (N=20) groups. The HT group received education and postural exercises. The MT group received education, postural exercises, and temporomandibular joint and soft tissue mobilization. Pain intensity and head posture were measured before and after the treatment. Results: Compared with the baseline, both interventions were found to be significantly improved visual analog scale (VAS) and head posture after the treatment (p<0.05). The VAS decreased and head posture improved. Between the groups, the MT group showed significant changes in both parameters (p<0.05). Conclusions: The MT with HT was more effective for patients with TMD.


The holy grail of rendering light and shadow in a scene by simulating and tracking every ray of light to blend in CG work with real-life scenes. It is the upcoming technology behind computer graphics for films and games to produce incredible realistic scenes in the computer generated world. The developers should utilize simulation for the precise prediction of the illuminance of the graphics to be used in films or games. This study digs the techniques and algorithms known for ray tracing and analyses the results Radiance and Lightscape 3.2 for a practical designed technique.


Euphorbia subg. Esula is one of four major clades within the genus. A geographical analysis of the 466 species in the subgenus is reported here. Every species was assigned to one of 29 geographical elements clustered in ten groups of elements. This geographical analysis showed that the Tethyan group (comprising nine geographical elements) clearly dominates the subgenus and contains 260 species (55.79% of the total number of species). The most numerous geographical elements are Irano-Turanian (105 species) and Mediterranean (85). Other significant groups of elements are Boreal (91 species, 19.54%), East Asian (40 species, 8.58%), Madrean (26 species, 5.58%), Paleotropical (23 species, 4.94%) and South African (16 species, 3.43%). The area of the Tethyan floristic subkingdom is the center of the modern diversity of E. subg. Esula. It is likely that such diversity is the result of intensive speciation that took place during the Eocene–Miocene.


This paper describes a Data Quality Framework and its application within a Data Quality Project for heterogeneous multi-database environments. The quality assessment of derived data was performed by considering data provenance and conflict resolution functions. A Data Quality Assessment tool provides information regarding the elements of derived non-atomic data values. The assessment and ranking of non-atomic data is possible by the specification of quality properties and priorities from users at any level of experience. Consequently, users are able to make effective decisions by trusting data according to the description of the conflict resolution function that was utilized for fusing data along with the quality properties of data ancestors.


The invention relates to a process for the complete and noise-reduced combustion of a fuel-air mixture, with a burner (11) upstream of a burner side in a housing (14) a supply line (18) for the fuel-air mixture has, and downstream of an exit side of the housing (14) accommodates a tissue membrane (16), and the tissue membrane (16) upstream of a flame trap barrier (17), wherein the tissue membrane (16) through holes (32) which are arranged in a grid of holes to each other, which in which have regular distances between them an extension plane of the tissue membrane (16) in at least an X or a Y-direction, and wherein the flashback lock (17) through bores (33) which are arranged in a grid of holes to each other, which in a plane of extension in at least one X or to each other having regular spacings in a Y direction, wherein the lock flashback (17) upstream of the tissue membrane (16) positioned at a distance, and a free flow space (26) is formed and to form a flame matrix (27) of individual flames (28) and holding flames (29) downstream of the tissue membrane (16), the hole pattern of the tissue membrane ( 16) and the hole pattern of the flame trap barrier (17) so positioned to each other, that the hole pattern of the tissue membrane (16) and the hole pattern of the flame arrester (17) through a rotation and / or displacement of the flame arrester (17) and / or the tissue membrane (16 ) are transferred into an aligned position, or in a twisted relationship to each other.


During pregnancy, a physiological condition, the organism undergoes adaptations that enable the evolution of the mother and child. lhe immunological systems ...


Accelerating the urbanization pace is an important mission in the development of society and economy of our country .This paper expounds the relative of urbanization and industrial structure adjustment at first, analyzes the characteristics of the urbanization and industrial structure since 1990,points out the problems in the industrial structure and puts forward some suggestions on how to reform.


The concluding chapter sets out a multi-level theory on the causes and consequences of urban sprawl. The causes are identified at macro, meso and micro level, while the consequences are grouped under three headings: transport-related, density-related and conversion of rural to urban land. Strangely, this model is based more on the general literature and hardly at all on the empirical data from the research. It is therefore less challenging than the empirical research itself. Also, it is not easy to follow why the systematic comparison of city cases results in three rather than four archetypal sprawl-related processes: lifestyle-driven sprawl in northern and western Europe, infrastructure-related sprawl in southern Europe and state-regulated peri-urban areas in eastern Europe. Despite these inexplicable moves, this book will prove useful for most scholars – even those who think they already know everything about sprawl – primarily because it contrasts so strongly with the mainstream North-American literature on the subject. The book is also very readable, which is a credit to the editors, given that the authors come from different countries and backgrounds. It is a well-integrated book, not just a collection of chapters.


Reciprocal cloak is an intriguing metamaterial device, in which a hidden antenna or a sensor can receive electromagnetic irradiation from the outside but its presence will not be detected. Based on transformation optics, a cylindrical electromagnetic reciprocal cloak with only axial parameter varying with radius is designed and validated by full wave simulation. When two dispersive reciprocal cloaks are put together, they do not interfere with each other. Our work demonstrates the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ability of the reciprocal cloak which is very important in multi antenna and sensor design.


This chapter contains sections titled: Objectives Introduction Queuing Models f or Software Development Model Results Summary This chapter contains sections titled: References Appendix


Grade 91 steel has been called out for use in advanced reactor intermediate heat exchangers and other components. The material has good high temperature creep resistance and thermal properties but has a complex microstructure that manifests as cyclic softening, work softening, and tension/compression asymmetry in its engineering mechanical response. We describe a unified viscoplastic model for the deformation of Grade 91 for an expected operating temperature range spanning from room temperature to approximately 650°C. The model transitions from a rate independent response at low temperatures and high strain rates to a rate dependent, unified viscoplastic response at high temperatures and low creep strain rates. The model captures work and cyclic softening in the material through combined isotropic-kinematic hardening and captures observed tension/compression asymmetry and related anomalous ratcheting effects through a non-J2 flow term. A particular focus of the model is on capturing the average response of Grade 91 as determined from a wide collection of experimental data at many different temperatures, rather than the response of a single set of experiments at a particular temperature. The final model is suitable for the engineering design of nuclear components via inelastic analysis using the ASME Section III, Division 5 procedures.


We present a calculation of two-point correlation functions of the stress–energy tensor in the strongly coupled, confining gauge theory which is holographically dual to the AdS soliton geometry. The fact that the AdS soliton smoothly caps off at a certain point along the holographic direction ensures that these correlators are dominated by quasinormal mode contributions and thus show an exponential decay in position space. In order to study such a field theory on a curved spacetime, we foliate the six-dimensional AdS soliton with a Schwarzschild black hole. Via gauge/gravity duality, this new geometry describes a confining field theory with supersymmetry breaking boundary conditions on a non-dynamical Schwarzschild black hole background. We also calculate stress–energy correlators for this setting, thus demonstrating exponentially damped heat transport. This analysis is valid in the confined phase. We model a deconfinement transition by explicitly demonstrating a classical instability of Gregory–Laflamme-type of this bulk spacetime.


Sixty-seven pregnant women at risk for fetal isoimmunization were followed prospectively from 6/78–6/84 and scored by nonstress testing (NST) (reactive =2, nonreactive =0), amniotic fluid Δ 450 (slope: increasing =2, stable =1, decreasing =0), and fetal ultrasound (U/S) (erythroblastosis fetalis: none =2, minimal-moderate =1, moderate-severe =0). Postnatally, the 67 infants (GA 36.6±3.1 wks, mean±SD, BW 2850±656 grams) were independently scored without knowledge of the maternal score (living =2, dead =0; treatment: none =2, phototherapy =1, exchange transfusion =0; problems of prematurity: none =2, mild =1, moderate-severe =0). The mothers and infants were each assigned a rank from 1–10 according to their scores. A sign test (non-parametric) between the maternal and infant scores revealed no significant difference indicating agreement between rankings. The chi square goodness of fit for the distribution of scores when grouped as 1/2/3, 4/5/6/7, and 8/9/10 also indicated no significant differences in rankings. The correlation coefficient for infants rank against maternal rank was .76 at p<.001. No single antenatal test has thus far been shown to be predictive of neonatal outcome. We have shown prospectively that, in combination, NST, Δ450 and U/S can reliably predict severity of isoimmunization. The composite score can therefore be used to optimize timing of delivery with respect to the risks of prematurity and erythroblastosis fetalis.


The clinical features of premenstrual tension are described and the possible mode of origin of the various symptoms is discussed. Hydration, blood chemistry changes, autonomic nervous system responses, as well as psychogenic and personality factors are believed to play a part in the syndrome. A working hypothesis on which treatment was based is postulated. . Treatment was applied at various aetiological levels, including psychotherapy, dehydration therapy, and administration of progestogens and androgens. Psychotherapy has an important but limited role. Dehydration therapy was found to alleviate some of the symptoms only. The most effective methods of treatment were administration of a progestogen such as ethisterone or an androgen such as methyltestosterone during the second half of the menstrual cycle.


The sleep patterns of ten blind adults and their matched controls were studied during three consecutive nights. The first night was allowed for adaptation. Significant electroencephalographic and quantitative findings were obtained from nights 2 and 3. Although alpha-like rhythm was registered in only one blind subject during wakefulness, it was displayed by 8 of the 10 blind participants of this study during REM sleep. This rhythm was also present during the N2 sleep stage. The delta phase of sleep was markedly reduced as compared to the healthy subjects. Mean duration of REM sleep episodes was significantly longer in blind subjects; in contrast, their frequency was lower than in the corresponding control subjects. Total sleep time and sleep efficiency was noticeably shorter in blind subjects. Atypical brain activity and quantitative sleep abnormalities found in the blind subjects may be explained on the basis of degeneration of cerebral organization and circadian rhythm alterations induced by absence of visual stimulation.


The dielectric constant ( ') and the loss ( ") have been measured in the 3-cm microwave region for 4-fluoro-phenyl lactic acid and 4-methoxy-phenyllactic acid in dilute solutions of benzene at three different temperatures. The relaxation mechanism has been found to involve both molecular and intramolecular rotation. The structural behaviour of the above molecules has been compared with the behaviour of 4-fluoro-and 4-methoxy-benzaldehyde and 4-methoxy aniline molecules under the applied microwave field.


This work discusses the problematic of value system of youth and its effect on criminality, its aim in theoretic area is to contribute to characteristic of actual way of life of young people in our society. In praktice area its aim is confront self empiric value with obtained data of research in our coutry and Slovakia and corfirm or rebut the assertions "Value system of youth is of cardinal importence on kriminality", eventually working hypothesi. Analysis of data indicate possibilities of influence of value system of young generation to benefit from solution of still actual problem of criminality among youth.


The epithelial Na+ channel, ENaC, is expressed in the apical plasma membrane of renal principal cells. ENaC activity is rate limiting for sodium reabsorption across the distal nephron and consequently, is the final arbiter of renal sodium excretion. Gain of function mutations in ENaC cause Liddle's syndrome: an autosomal dominant form of inheritable hypertension. The hypertension of Liddle's syndrome results from uncontrolled sodium reabsorption via hyperactive ENaC. We hypothesized that improper sodium reabsorption during Liddle's syndrome may elevate plasma tonicity enough to evoke release of vasopressin (AVP). Indeed, AVP levels are elevated in Liddle's mice, which have increased ENaC activity as assessed by patch clamp electrophysiology of isolated CNT/CCD. Tolvaptan, an AVP V2 receptor blocker, decreased ENaC activity in Liddle's mice. Exogenous desmopressin (DDAVP), a V2 receptor specific agonist, had no further effect on ENaC activity in Liddle's mice. However, DDAVP further increases blood pressure in Liddle's mice, and this high blood pressure decreases with administration of benzamil, an ENaC blocker. We conclude from these results that ENaC activity is saturated in Liddle's mice, in part due to elevated AVP levels, but that saturated ENaC activity is still necessary for additional effects of DDAVP on blood pressure in the Liddle's model. Because DDAVP increases blood pressure but not ENaC activity in Liddle's mice, we speculate that additional DDAVP‐stimulated water reabsorption further increases blood pressure in this model. Thus, in the Liddle's mouse, while ENaC activity is saturated, water reabsorption can still respond to additional AVP signaling. Experiments investigating DDAVP effects on AQP2 and AQP3 expression are ongoing and will test whether the hyperosmotic draw of solute from tubular fluid across the collecting duct is saturated in the Liddle's mouse.


The San Diego Intermodal Transportation Management Center (IMTMC) is one of the key elements of the Southern California Priority Corridor SHOWCASE program. The SHOWCASE is a five year program of projects designed to integrate existing and planned advanced traffic management and traveler information deployments in the six-county Corridor area from Los Angeles to the Mexican Border. As one of seven "Early Start" projects funded in FY 1997, the Intermodal TMC is a project that seeks to integrate "all modes and all roads" in the San Diego region of the Corridor. The Intermodal TMC will exchange information with all modes of the region's Intermodal Transportation Management System (TMS) consisting of freeway management, arterial streets management, transit management, public safety management, commercial vehicle operations, incident management and advanced traveler information systems. The development of the Intermodal TMC presents technical, management and institutional challenges. In the technical area, this facility must integrate several new functions to the baseline freeway advanced traffic management system, itself still under development by Caltrans districts in Southern California. Simultaneously, the Intermodal TMC must be interoperable with an entity known as the "Kernel", itself being developed as the integration point for a SHOWCASE network. Each ITS system within the Corridor will talk to its regional Kernel through a gateway known as the "Seed", which is simply a translator device from a legacy network or system to the SHOWCASE network. From a management standpoint, this project requires close coordination with a number of other SHOWCASE projects being developed in parallel in the region. A high degree of cooperation among project managers will be required to successfully complete the Intermodal TMC project. Finally, the institutional issues are, as always, projected to be the major challenge. Getting many public agencies and the private sector to work towards a unified operational concept to manage the many modes represented in this project will be a daunting task. The culmination of the first of two planned phases for this project is the development of a regional Memorandum of Understanding among participating agencies, a Work Plan for Phase 2 development approved by the FHWA and a High Level Design for the Intermodal TMC and regional TMS


Abstract Optically pure Fmoc-peptide fragments have been prepared via dicyclohexylcarbodiimide coupling of N-protected amino acids with amino acid esters, followed by enzyme-catalyzed ester hydrolysis by alcalase with a high concentration of organic solvent in a high yield.


Two pot experiments were conducted on sweet fennel variety "Dulce" during the two winter seasons of 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 at El-Kassasein, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Treatments were the combination of two levels of organic manure (with, without) and six saline irrigation water treatments, .i.e. well water (Control), 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 p.p.m. Results indicated that organic manure treatment increased all the vegetative growth parameters expressed as plant height, leaf number, fresh and dry weight of the total plant and its organs, green yield, nutrient contents of the leaves and bulbs (N, P and K). Also, K/Na ratio, calcium and proline content of bulbs were increased by organic manuring. Sodium content in bulbs was lowered by organic manure application. Growth and green yield parameters were adversely affected even at 1000 ppm which gave the standard characters of bulbs (mean bulb weight < 250 gm/ plant) and there was a proportionate effect with each increase in salinity to a maximum at 5000 ppm. On the contrary, increasing salinity of irrigation water decreased vegetative growth, green yield and nutrient contents in a descending order up to the highest level (5000 ppm). Also, under saline irrigation water conditions, fennel bulb length, width and thickness were significantly reduced. Interactions between organic manure and salinity levels of irrigation water gave positive results with respect to some of the abovementioned parameters and negative results with others. Thus, sweet fennel plant is sensitive to salt stress.


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Purpose To understand the learner's perspective on the transition from medical school to residency and to develop a conceptual model for how learners experience the transition from student to resident. Method This prospective qualitative study explored the experience of first-year residents using semistructured, one-on-one telephone interviews. Ten first-year residents who participated in the Transition to Residency elective as fourth-year students at the New York University Grossman School of Medicine in April 2018 participated from December 2018 to April 2019. Using a 3-phase coding process and grounded theory methodology, the authors identified categories, which they organized into broader themes across interview transcripts and used to develop a conceptual model. Results From the perspective of new residents, developing professional identity is the core construct of the transition experience. The residents focused on individual aspects of the experience—professional identity, self-awareness, professional growth, approach to learning, and personal balance—and external aspects—context of learning, professional relationships, and challenges in the context of their new role. Across these 8 categories, 5 broader themes emerged to describe an abrupt change in educational environment, an immersive experience of learning as a resident, ambivalence and tensions around the new role, navigation of professional relationships, and balance and integration of working in medicine with personal lives and goals. A conceptual model illustrates this phenomenon as a cell where professional identity and growth (the nucleus) is surrounded by interactions with patients and other members of the medical team (in the cytoplasm) that create a substrate for learning and development. Conclusions This study suggests that being immersed in the residency experience is how medical students transition to resident physicians. Educational interventions that allow learners to acclimate to the experience of being a doctor through gradual exposure to authentic interactions have the potential to bridge the abrupt transition.


Through the description of contemporary medical students' humanities quality present situation,pointed out the current our country medical students' humanities quality deficiency.This article from the humanistic quality of the meaning,present situation and performance from three aspects of the analysis,put forward the cultivation of humanistic quality of medical students.


Objective
To calculate the standardized cesarean delivery rate by considering the individual characteristics of puerprae, and to evaluate the medical quality of obstetrics in the hospital.

Methods
Medical records of 69 406 puerprae from January to December in 2016 were collected from 33 tertiary general hospitals in Shanxi province. A logistic regression model was used to construct a maternal risk adjustment model of cesarean delivery, with the area under the ROC curve (AUC) used to evaluate the goodness of fit of the model.

Results
Of the 69 406 puerprae, 30 881 used caesarean delivery, accounting to 44.37%. The cesarean section rate difference was statistically significant among those of different age, nationality, conditions upon admission, whether to participate in a clinical pathway, fetus number, birth weight and maternal gestational age, as well as the severity of complications (P< 0.001). According to the logistic model, those of older age, history of cesarean delivery, twins or triplet births, neonatal overweight, malposition, placenta previa, and those with various pregnancy complications tend to use maternal cesarean section surgery, with a goodness-of-fit of 0.82. With risk adjusted, the ranking of actual cesarean section rate and standardized cesarean section rate varies among the hospitals.

Conclusions
With the factor of puerprae factor adjusted, the standardized cesarean delivery rate can eliminate risk factors of the puerprae, it is feasible to scientifically evaluate the cesarean delivery rate of the hospital′s obstetric department.

Key words:
Obstetric department; Cesarean delivery rate; Risk adjustment; Evaluation


The Karst groundwater is analyzed by using the theories of tectonic controlled groundwater and groundwater geochemistry and isotope techniques as well as groundwater trends in southern Pingliang.The groundwater stored space is main karst fissures,and the distribution of karst groundwater is strictly controlled by the NNW trending faults.The Karst groundwater mainly originates from atmospheric precipitation.The water-rock interaction is characterized by dissolution-mixture and produces fresh water in the area.Groundwater trends take on climate model.According to characteristics of these,the whole karst groundwater has been divided into three comparatively absolute systems.


Hot finish rolling has been developed as a simple finishing method for injection-molded plastic gears. In the present paper, properties of the hot-finish-rolled tooth form are discussed so as to obtain general information for improving the quality of the injection-molded plastic helical gears. The plastic helical gear generally has a positive pressure angle error on the tooth profile and a helix angle error on the tooth trace. After the hot finish rolling process, the finished gear has a negative pressure angle error on the driven tooth flank and a positive pressure angle error on the followed tooth flank. Sliding of tooth flanks along the profile contributes to inducing these errors. Hence, hot finish rolling including the process of reversing the rotation of gears is very useful for improving the quality of the tooth profiles of plastic gears. However, the hot finish rolling process exhibits no sliding along the face width, and thus it cannot improve the quality of a tooth trace which has a helix angle error. It can be expected that sliding along the face width will be useful for improving this error. For example, the axial feed of the work gear might induce such sliding.


We report an experiment of entangling independent color-different photons by using time-resolved measurement and active feed-forward. Our work provides an approach to solve the frequency mismatch problem for the interconnection between dissimilar quantum systems in a quantum network.


The use of crosscorrelation as a tool for analyzing motion in complex systems leads to the necessity of understanding crosscorrelation of dispersive waves. Starting from basic principles, the crosscorrelation of any form of dispersive wave has been derived. Special cases that have been considered are water waves and flexural waves in a thin beam. Exact and approximate formulations for the crosscorrelation of waves of frequency‐bandlimited noise have been considered. Experiments with flexural waves in single‐ and multiple‐path systems have provided excellent verification of theoretical predictions.


General air conditioning system and hybrid air conditioning system using a rotary desiccant wheel are introduced.Meanwhile the numerical models of the components are also developed.The thesis calculates and analyses energy consumption of two different kinds of air conditioning system based on a building.The results prove that the toatal energy consumption of hybrid air conditioning system is 58% of the total of general air conditioning system in summar,but 48% in winter.There is more efficient energy saving.


During March 5-8, 2010, around 75 researchers from various disciplines converged at the University of Lugano for the Third Conference on Artificial General Intelligence (AGI-10).


Increasing customers' demand reflects with the growth of production, which imposes more and more demand on logistics and supply chain management, and making it very complex. In order to keep their customers, companies need to ship their products as fast as possible and in a good condition. This paper proposes a deep learning-based solution for detecting damaged goods before they are shipped to their final destination, thus saving very valuable time, resources and money.


(57) Abstract: connecting structure, mounting a plurality of transmission members releasably to each other. Non-vibrating structure, contacting the first first end of the second end and the second member of the transmission member (84,204,256,272) (86,224,258,272) state to hold on. Method, first providing a non-vibrating structure (52,202,252) carrying a first transmission member (84,204,256), and a second transmission member (86,224, 258) including stages of providing the second non-oscillating structure carrying (122,222,253). The method without using the threaded connection between the first component and the first component, the transmission and the second connecting end of the first transmission member (84,204,256) a coupling end portion so as to held in contact in use member (86,224,258), the first non-oscillating structure (50,202,252) a second non-vibrating structure (122,222,253 including the step of attaching to).


A preliminary analysis of inclusive jet production in deep inelastic positron proton scattering at HERA is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 61.25pb and was taken in the years1999-2000 at a centre-of-mass energy √s=319GeV with the H1 detector. The measured jet cross section is compared to perturbative QCD calculations using the NLO program NLOJET++ and the strong coupling constant αs is extracted.


Means for generating a collimated light flux, wherein a light source consisting of a light-emitting diode matrix (1, 2, 3) is provided, being arranged an optical device for focusing and scattering of light generated by the light between the light source and a light exit opening wherein said means for focusing and scattering comprises a grid-shaped reflector (5) which forms a light channel for each of a matrix point, the walls (6) are reflective, with a light source (1, 2, 3) facing the end of a respective light channel a converging lens (4), and wherein a light valves containing at the light exit opening picture reproduction device (9) is arranged.


The following papers represent about one-half (twelve out of twenty-five) of the presentations at the Surphon 11 Workshop held at Meramec, Missouri in October 2003. Papers of the preceding (2001) workshop were published as a special issue of Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter (2002 volume 14, issue 24). The announced scope of these workshops, Surface Dynamics, Phonons, Adsorbate Vibrations, and Diffusion, is so broad that one may question whether there is an underlying unity to the meetings. The answer is yes, and the discussions and comments on the contributions, while not reported here, met the goal of fostering constructive interactions. In the following, I attempt to illustrate this. One general feature of the work is common to research in most of modern condensed matter physics and surface science in particular. The systems under discussion are tailored materials or otherwise controlled at the (sub)nanometer length scale. There is an immense variety for the choice of substrate, face exposed by the substrate, and the adsorbate. Some effort is in effect a service, helping to characterize a system for others who will build applications on it or incorporate it in a more complex composite. Other effort aims to improve understanding at the atomic and molecular scale, especially when the phenomena are `simple enough' that there is a good prospect for a quantitative account using first principles theory. Characteristically, a wide range of experimental and theoretical techniques are synthesized to meet these goals. For instance, the papers in this volume include experiments with helium atom scattering (HAS, QHAS) [1], low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) [2,3], scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) [3], x-ray diffraction [4], and high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS) [5]. In closely related experiments, thermal desorption (TDS) [6], ellipsometry, [7] and neutron scattering [8] are applied. The balance has evolved over the series of workshops and in the near future one may anticipate a larger component of inelastic and quasi-elastic neutron scattering (INS, QENS) as new facilities are completed. There is a continuing attempt to use atomic scattering in qualitatively new ways. The last proceedings had a review [9] of efforts to greatly improve the energy resolution of helium beams using spin-echo methods for 3He. The present one has a review [10] of developments of field ionization detectors for He beams that have the prospect of improved detection efficiency and higher spatial resolution for atom interferometers. Since the detection efficiency for most thermal helium beam instruments is only 1/105, there appears to be much room for improvement, but progress has been slow. Another continuing effort is the implementation and interpretation of surface scattering with metastable He beams to probe substrate electronic structures, but the experimental work has had its full share of controversy [11-13]. The focus of these workshops has been on dynamics, but the setting is defined by the spatial structures and surprisingly complex growth scenarios occur for thin films, especially for molecular films. These have been clarified with multi-technique experiments [4]. Even for the adsorption of inert gases, it has been a long process to determine the adsorption sites of minimum energy [2, 14]. In this sub-field, first principles theory now is at the stage of quantitative comparison with experiments [15, 16]. Two examples using ideas of quantum chemistry were presented at the workshop but were published elsewhere [17, 18]. There is work with new materials and more highly controlled materials [19]. In one example, the structure of a quasicrystal was determined by LEED and scanning tunnelling microscopy and the substrate was then used as an adsorbing surface [3]. Even in the Henry's law regime, there are surprises, and a quantitative analysis demonstrates how open the effective surface is. Another example is the use of vicinal surfaces to introduce a controlled population of step defects and then to characterize the excitations of molecules adsorbed at the steps [5]. About half of the papers are primarily theoretical. Further, the standard for LEED experiments in this area is to include quantitative analysis of intensities [2] and experiments on adsorption in the Henry's law regime usually include model building of the adsorption potential energy [3]. For inelastic atomic scattering the situation is decidedly less routine. The contributions here include a review [20] of the development of a mixed quantum-classical theory of inelastic molecular scattering by surfaces and an extension [21] of analytical results for quasi-elastic helium atom scattering with application to low energy and diffusive motions. One of the theory papers [22] relates to dissipative processes in friction. At first sight this involves a rather different time scale than those for the dynamics emphasized here. However, with increased energy resolution, the surface dynamics experiments get to time scales of several picoseconds while some experiments on sliding friction get down to time scales of a few nanoseconds [23]. Thus, there remains a considerable gap to bridge before the two areas overlap in a useful fashion. Still, this is one likely direction for progress and illustrates both the changing cast of characters in the field and the extensive base of knowledge that is needed for quantitative analysis of both the adsorbate damping and sliding friction. The Surphon workshops appear to have a long life ahead. L W Bruch Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA (e-mail: email@example.com) Acknowledgment This work has been partially supported by NSF-DMR0104300. References [1] Wöll Ch 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2981 [2] Diehl R D, Seyller Th, Caragiu M, Leatherman G S, Ferralis N, Pussi K, Kaukasoina P and Lindroos M 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2839 [3] Trasca R A, Ferralis N, Diehl R D and Cole M W 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2911 [4] Mo H, Trogish S, Taub H, Ehrlich S N, Volkmann U G, Hansen F Y and Pino M 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2905 [5] Vattuone L, Savio L and Rocca M 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2929 [6] Widdra W, Trischberger P, Friess W, Menzel D, Payne S H and Kreuzer H J 1998 Phys. Rev. B 57 4111 [7] Young H S, Meng X F and Hess G B 1993 Phys. Rev. B 48 14556 [8] Bienfait M, Asmussen B, Johnson M and Zeppenfeld P 2000 Surf. Sci. 460 243 [9] Jardine A P, Ellis J and Allison W 2002 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14 6173 [10] Doak R B 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2863 [11] Witte G 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2937 [12] Trioni M I, Butti G and Bonini N 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2923 [13] El-Batanouny M 2002 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14 6281 [14] Gottlieb J M 1990 Phys. Rev. B 42 5377 Müller J E 1990 Phys. Rev. Lett. 65 3021 [15] Betancourt A E and Bird D M 2000 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 12 7077 [16] Da Silva J L F, Stampfl C and Scheffler M 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 066104 [17] Bagus P S, Staemmler V and Wöll C 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 096104 [18] Phillips J M, Leibsle F, Holder A J and Keith T 2003 Surf. Sci. 545 1 [19] Danisman M F, Casilis L, Nickel B and Scoles G 2004 to be published [20] Moroz I, Ambaye H and Manson J R 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2953 [21] Vega J L, Guantes R and Miret-Artes S 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2879 [22] Vanossi A, Santoro G and Bortolani V 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2895 [23] Dayo A, Alnasrallah W and Krim J 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 1690 Persson B N J 1998 Sliding Friction - Physical Principles and Applications (Berlin: Springer)


Entrepreneurs' quality is a multi-dimensional and multi-level systemic concept. The determination of appropriate evaluation indices, weights and the number of experts are main contents of entrepreneurs' qualities comprehensive evaluation scenario decision-making. Considering the characteristics of the complexity, difficult evaluation of partial indices and high evaluation cost of entrepreneurs' quality comprehensive evaluation index system, , this paper takes comprehensive evaluation of entrepreneurs' qualities from Jiangsu and part of Zhejiang as an example to carry on multivariate generalizability analysis of inner psychological qualities comprehensive evaluation scenario with Multivariate Generalizablity Random Single-sided Crossing p × r research process and mGENOVA software. Results show that all indices take average weight 0.2 for five-dimensional evaluation index system, which is the closest to the ideal weight regarding from universe composite score; the evaluation reliability and credibility are above 0.59 in the case of three evaluation experts, which is basically acceptable; while in order to ensure the composite reliability of the whole test not smaller than 0.8, at least six evaluation experts is needed.


Transportation in space is possible by means of chemical engines (liquid rocket engines, solid-propellant rocket engine) and electro rocket impellent installations (ERII). However use ERII predetermines presence of a source of electric energy onboard that in turn conducts to decrease in a share of useful loading. Thus, use ERII as impellent installation of the space vehicle does a transportation problem by the optimizing, which purpose achievement of the maximum weight of useful loading is at the set parameters of a ballistic problem and specific impulse ERII.


In this work, the band structure of III-V thin films is calculated by atomistic tight-binding (TB) sp3d5s* method. The effect of non-parabolic (NP) dispersion on subband energy level is investigated, by comparing TB results with NP quantization model within the effective mass approximation (EMA). It is found that to match TB subband energy, the NP coefficient in the confinement direction needs to be boosted compared to the theoretical value. The electrostatic characteristics of a Ultra-Thin Body (UTB) Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor capacitor (MOSCAP) are also calculated by solving Poisson and Schrödinger equations self-consistently. It is found that satellite valleys play a role in GaAs thin films at relatively low voltage and need to be taken into account in EMA models with proper energy position.


Abstract This article reviews the role of individual differences in work stress processes, with particular reference to personality and coping as moderator variables. Vulnerability/resilience and person-environment fit (congruence) models of moderator effects are contrasted and relevant issues of methodology and analysis are outlined. Personality traits (locus of control, hardiness, Type A, optimism, and neuroticism) that act as moderators of stress/strain relations are reviewed; the characteristics and limitations of available measures are described. Associations between personality and coping, inventories for the assessment of coping, and the dimensions of coping behaviour, are then considered. The implications of structural and transactional models of stress for coping assessment are discussed with reference to dispositional versus situational approaches and other psychometric issues. The need for research into coping flexibility and consistency is emphasized. No attempt is made to provide a comprehens...


them about their physical changes as a normal part of growing up. There would as well be an attempt to divert them away from risky behaviors that may have long-term implications for their development far beyond their adolescent years. Furthermore, evidence for historical change in the pubertal process is intriguing. Findings of very early signs of pubertal maturation in girls in the Herman-Giddens et al. work illustrate how the standards of pu-bertal development in terms of timing may warrant revision. The implications of an early pubertal experience are even further underscored, as this research suggests that this is an experience that will be encountered by even more girls, and perhaps especially among African American girls. Although a n impressive body of research has been devoted to understanding both the biological and psy-chosocial aspects of the pubertal period, it is clear from the available research that new findings are illuminating our understanding of the pubertal process. For example, the research linking stress to pu-bertal development is intriguing, and represents a clear illustration of the interface between the adoles-cent's psychosocial and biological milieu. This research area is a relatively new pursuit, and further disentangling the processes involved remains. Similarly , the study of direct hormonal links to behavior and development during adolescence is relatively new, and as methodologies become more sophisticated, previous conclusions have been revised. What is clear is that hormonal links to behavior are complex, and biopsychosocial frameworks clearly provide the best representation of the process. The impact of paternal alcoholism and maternal social position on boys' school adjustment, pubertal maturation and sexual behavior: A test of two competing hypotheses. Adolescence is a period of many changes ranging from the biological changes associated with puberty, to the social/educational changes associated with the transitions from elementary to secondary school, and to the social and psychological changes associated with the emergence of sexuality. With such diverse and rapid change comes a heightened potential for both positive and negative outcomes. And, although most individuals pass through this developmental period without excessively high levels of " storm and stress, " a substantial number of individuals do experience difficulty. For example , between 15 and 30% of students (depending on ethnic group) drop out of high school: further, adolescents have the highest arrest rate of any age group: and many consume alcohol and other drugs on a regular basis (Office of Educational Research and Improvement …


e violence represented in postwar Central American literature has been associated with disenchantment with utopian political projects of the 20th century. However, little has been related to the implementation of neoliberalism. Under this line of analysis, this essay makes a counterpoint between the violence represented in the literature of the period of armed conflict and that of the current postwar scenario. Two testimonial works are taken as a sample: Un día en la vida (1980), by Manlio Argueta, and Crónica de los años de Fuego (1993), by Marco Antonio Flores; and two published aer the mid-1990s: El arma en el hombre (2001), by Horacio Castellanos Moya, and El cojo Bueno (1996), by Rodrigo Rey Rosa. It is concluded that the studied postwar literature shows how violence affected the disarticulated individuals of the community, since it shows the atomization suffered by the subjects within the neoliberal society, which has reduced them to individuals deprived of the collective.


In standard Principal Component Analysis (PCA) comes one problem in addressing the set of incomplete data. The standard PCA procedure on incomplete data is to eliminate (listwise deletion procedure) or using the mean of the variable, this procedure may result in loss information from these observations. Another method used is to integrate Expectation Maximization (EM) to the method of Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis (PPCA). But PPCA can produce overfitting response prediction. In this study discussed the Variational Bayesian Principal Component Analysis (VBPCA) which is a method of development of PPCA method by incorporating prior information from the distribution of the principal components of the model parameters. From the simulation studies by eliminating the data through the concept of missing at random (MAR), obtained results that the value of the correlation scores principal components complete data with the principal component score predicted results PPCA method is superior when compared with VBPCA, as well as to the value of the correlation scores for the various percentages are generally incomplete data. However, judging from the size of a match between the response to predictions by the size normalized root mean square error of prediction (NRMSEP) VBPCA method produces better than PPCA.


It has recently become a matter of discussion among geologists and geophysicists whether the topographic structure of the seafloor can be described as a fractal process, using the concepts of self-similarity and self-affinity. The objective of this study is to compare the implications of these concepts with observations of the seafloor. The analyses are based on multibeam sonar bathymetric data from two areas in the Pacific Ocean: the East Pacific Rise at 13°N/104°W and the Juan de Fuca Ridge at 44.8°N/130°W. Using methods from geostatistics - the theory of regionalized variables - the bathymetric data are considered a stochastic process satisfying the intrinsic hypothesis. The essential step in the analysis is the application of a variogram criterion to test for self-similarity and self-affinity. Variograms are calculated for a range of scales to analyse the spatial continuity of the process depending on resolution. This leads to the following results: (1) The seafloor is not self-similar nor self-affine. Instead, scale-dependent spatial structures are observed, which may be related to scale-specific geologic processes; (2) According to the definition of a fractal as an object of Hausdorff dimension strictly exceeding its topological dimension, the seafloor may be a fractal. However, at small scales the seafloor is smoother than mean-square differentiable; (3) Possible scaling behaviour would call for a more complex concept than self-similarity or self-affinity based on the sequence of scale-dependent models; (4) According to model parameters that are specific for each area, slow and fast spreading oceanic ridges can be distinguished. The variogram criterion provides an easy-to-use tool to test whether any studied geophysical field, and more generally, any spatially defined process, is indeed scaling.


Abstract This column features an overview of the Institute for Scientific Information's (ISI) Journal Citation Reports (JCR) database. Basic searching techniques are presented, as well as simple ways to manipulate data contained in the file. The Journal Citation Reports database can provide information on highest impact journals, most frequently used journals, "hottest" journals, and largest journals in a field or discipline.


This paper aims to examine the differences of Manchu sentences shown in Manwen Laodang 滿文老당 and Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄, which give us a view of the Manchu language in the Early Qing Dynasty, and thereby to investigate the cause of differences. The main differences are as follows: 1) In Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄, some sentences are omitted or abbreviated compared to those of Manwen Laodang, and the order of sentences is corrected in case where the sentences are out of order in Manwen Laodang 滿文老당. 2) There are instances in Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄 where words are added or substituted to communicate the meaning of sentence written in Manwen Laodang 滿文老당 more clearly, or where incorrect usage of a particular word in Manwen Laodang 滿文老당 is corrected. 3) Paragraphs that consist of enumerated sentences in Manwen Laodang are written in a single sentence in Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄. A group of closed short sentences in Manwen Laodang 滿文老당 is often realized as a chain of phrases connected by converb endings in Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄. These seem to have resulted from the difference of narrative style in two literatures. 4) There are instances where case makers which do not appear in Manwen Laodang 滿文老당 are used in Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄. In some cases, Manwen Laodang 滿文老당 and Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄 adopt different case markers to describe the same events. This difference comes from the dissimilar sentence structures of two literatures. 5) In connecting the sentences, Manwen Laodang 滿文老당 often uses gerunds, and then uses the verb stem and converb ending again, while Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄 connects verb stems and converb endings without using gerunds. 6) In some cases, Manwen Laodang 滿文老당 tends to repeat a description of an event that is mentioned right before the sentence. However, Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄 does not. 7) Manzhou Shilu 滿洲實錄 corrects the agreement errors shown in Manwen Laodang 滿文老당.


Excitations of the antiferromagnetic state that resemble antiferromagnetic hedgehogs at large distances but are predominantly superconducting inside a core region are discussed within the context of Zhang{close_quote}s SO(5)-symmetry-based approach to the physics of high-temperature superconducting materials. Nonsingular, in contrast with their hedgehog cousins in pure antiferromagnetism, these texture excitations are what hedgehogs become when the antiferromagnetic order parameter is permitted to {open_quotes}escape{close_quotes} into superconducting directions. The structure of such excitations is determined in a simple setting, and a number of their experimental implications are examined. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}


Specimens of endometrium from the vault, body and lower body regions of the same human uteri were incubated separately for 30 min in vitro in the presence of 1-6 times 10-9 M 3H-oestradiol. Uptake into the nuclei was variable but in general the vault region endometrium was least active in nuclear accumulation of the hormone, especially in secretory phase endometrium. This suggests that intra-uterine variations found in oestradiol uptake in vivo are due to regional differences in the state of the tissue itself.


The heat conductivity, specific heat and bulk density are the basic material parameters and thus indispensable. There are numbers of methods used for measurement of heat conductivity. However, the non-stationary (transient pulse method) measurements methods are preferred for description of heat conductivity moisture dependence. This article discusses on the establishment dependence of heat conductivity on water content for selected porous building materials by using non stationary measurement methods. Dependence of the thermal conductivity on the water content is necessary for coupled heat, air and moisture (HAM) simulation in building construction.


We do not agree with the assessment of the paper in RC2. This comment appears to be based on a fundamental misunderstanding of the principles underlying the work presented in this paper. The referee comment is also very long (and we do appreciate the time and effort invested by the reviewer). If required, we could answer on every single comment. However, for reasons of clarity and comprehensibility, we prefer to answer only the main points and hope to clear up the misunderstanding at hand in this way.