I thank Dr. Di Duro for his thoughtful and well-researched comments. Since submission of our paper for publication [1], I have encountered a fourth patient with stroke due to arterial dissection following chiropractic manipulation [unpubl. data]. I have also reported a case of dural tear following chiropractic manipulation [2]. Proper determination of risk requires both denominator and numerator. Since many arterial dissections go undiagnosed, this will prove a very challenging task. Most of the literature reports cited in my article were, like mine, case reports. Under-reporting is a serious hurdle [3]. Only 1 of our 4 patients is suing the chiropractor, a tribute to the often strong personal relationship between chiropractor and patient; this may be further contributing to under-reporting. On a personal note, I have now seen a total of 4 patients with stroke following chiropractic manipulation during my 10 years (approximately 12,500 patients) of private practice as a community-based neurologist. None of the 4 patients was seen upon referral from a chiropractor, and fewer than 50 of all my patient referrals in the past decade have originated from a chiropractor. Undoubtedly, neurologists who share many patients with chiropractors would be expected to encounter many more cases. Dr. Di Duro correctly notes that oral contraceptive (OC) use can predispose patients to stroke. However, my case 1 developed sudden onset of vertigo and neck pain immediately after rapid chiropractic neck manipulation. Most physicians (and jurors) would place the vast majority – if not all – of the blame on the neck manipulation. His argument regarding the two older men has slightly more validity. However, even Dr. Di Duro must agree that none of the 3 patients reported would have suffered arterial dissections during the week that they saw the chiropractor if they had not undergone neck adjustment. The life-threatening complications of spinal manipulation must be acknowledged and are now appearing more often in the scientific literature [4]. The role of underlying connective tissue disease in predisposing to chiropractic manipulation is also starting to be recognized [5], albeit post hoc. Should chiropractors perform skin biopsies on all patients prior to manipulating their necks? Should chiropractors refuse to perform neck manipulation on patients with any of the stroke risk factors mentioned by Dr. Di Duro (e.g. hypertension, diabetes, OC use, migraine, dyslipidemia)? Maybe neck manipulation is contraindicated for all of these patients, but the economic impact would likely preclude adoption of this proposal by chiropractors. Until the risks are better defined, I will not allow rapid neck manipulation to be performed on myself, my family, or my patients. I will also counsel my patients to avoid other potentially dangerous activities.


In the present investigation the atmospheric model MM5 in its version 3 has been used as platform to obtain the winds produced by meteorological phenomena, more specifically, by hurricanes. In order to establish this model, several simulations with different implementation variants were carried out. Also, four of the strongest hurricanes that have ever come close or across the Cuban island were selected as study cases. Based on a statistical analysis for each one of the variants and comparisons made against two NOAA buoys located in the gulf of Mexico, the best option to establish the model MM5v3 was decided, taking into account the need to obtain reliable results in the least possible computational time.


The evolution of the definition from forest resources to forest resource assets is the objective requirement of sustainable development,and it is the actual illustration that the relationship between man and nature changes gradually from unilateral demand to interdependence.The research on property rights institution of forest resource assets is quite essential to the allocation of forest resource assets and the achievement of sustainable forest development.This paper advocates that the problems of China's property rights institution of forest resource assets mainly lie in people's ideology of property rights,the definition of forest resource assets property rights,the management of property rights,the dynamic appraisement system of property rights institution and so on.Based on the profound analysis of the reasons and the impacts on the society,especially making the problems of agriculture,the countryside and peasants become more and more serious,this paper puts forward some countermeasures against these problems accordingly.Firstly,people's ideology of property rights should be improved.Secondly,the property rights of forest resource assets should be redefined scientifically and systemically.Thirdly,it is very important to specify the obligation,power and benefit of property rights operators.Fourthly,we should a establish the new-style managerial system of forest resource assets property rights which is acclimatized to market economy.Fifthly,the change management institution of forest resource assets property rights should be improved.Sixthly,the compensation system of forest resource assets should ke established.Lastly,the dynamic appraisement system of forest resource assets property rights should be set up as soon as possible.


This is the first time that an American library has published a catalog devoted entirely to a collection of vocal music manuscripts. Full descriptions and inventories of 700 manuscripts containing well over 3300 musical compositions are included. A wide variety of musical styles is represented from medieval Gregorian chant to 19th-century opera. This classed catalog groups entries into six broad categories; access to specific information, such as musical genres and watermarks, is available through 11 indexes.


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Extracts of the aerial parts of Centaurium spicatum (L.) Fritsch (Gentianaceae) have long been used in Egyptian traditional medicine as a treatment for hypertension (Farrag and Sherif, 1949). These authors attributed the activi ty to a glycosidal constituent but recent work (Bhattacharya and others, 1974) has shown that gentianine, an alkaloid common i n the Gentianaceae, and known to be present in C.spicatum, i s also an ef fect ive sedative. It thus seemed profitable to investigatethe c h x s t r y of these constituents further. This study has resulted in the isolation and structural elucidation of several alkaloids and glycosides. Also this work has enabled the proposal of structures for two compounds, previously isolated from the plant, the constitutions of which had not however been elucidated.


Purpose The aim of this work is to assess the clinical outcomes of implants placed after a nasal floor elevation procedure. Methods A systematic review was conducted using four electronic databases; Medline (Pubmed), Cochrane library, DOAJ and SCOPUS, following the PRISMA statement recommendations to answer the PICO question: "In patients undergoing dental implant placement in the maxillary anterior region (P), Do implants placed after nasal floor elevation (I) have a different survival (O) from those implants placed without grafting procedures (C)?. The study was pre-registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021229479). Included articles quality was assessed using the "NIH quality assessment tool", "The Newcastle-Ottawa scale" and "JBI critical appraisal tools for case reports''. Results Twelve articles were finally selected, including 151 patients and 460 implants. The weighted mean follow-up was 32.2 months, and the weighted survival rate after this period was 97.64% (range 89.2-100%). No statistical differences could be inferred between the treatments performed in one-stage or two-stage, following a lateral approach or a transcrestal approach or using different grafting materials. A great heterogeneity was found in terms of study design and methodological aspects. For this reason, a quantitative analysis followed by meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, implants placed after a nasal floor elevation present a good survival and a low range of complications. In absence of randomized studies, the level of evidence was low, attending the GRADE system and based on the study quality level, the strength of evidence attending the SORT taxonomy was B.


In this paper, we propose a robust on-the-fly estimator initialization algorithm to provide high-quality initial states for monocular visual-inertial systems (VINS). Due to the non-linearity of VINS, a poor initialization can severely impact the performance of either filtering-based or graph-based methods. Our approach starts with a vision-only structure from motion (SfM) to build the up-to-scale structure of camera poses and feature positions. By loosely aligning this structure with pre-integrated IMU measurements, our approach recovers the metric scale, velocity, gravity vector, and gyroscope bias, which are treated as initial values to bootstrap the nonlinear tightly-coupled optimization framework. We highlight that our approach can perform on-the-fly initialization in various scenarios without using any prior information about system states and movement. The performance of the proposed approach is verified through the public UAV dataset and real-time onboard experiment. We make our implementation open source, which is the initialization part integrated in the VINS-Mono1.


Diverless pipeline connection operations by use of custom built hard pipe spools has proven to be an economically viable approach. Over the last few years, required tooling and methods to perform subsea measurements and subsequent construction of such custom built jumper spools has been developed and successfully demonstrated. This allows a field operator a high degree of flexibility in his scheduling and selection of surface support for tie-in operations. Tie-in of pre-laid pipe/flowlines can be performed from unsophisticated vessels as no ROT systems are required. An ROV deploys and operates simple tools to perform linear and angular position recordings for the adjacent hubs. These measurements are used to duplicate the actual hub configurations on jig fixtures located on a surface vessel or at an onshore fabrication base. The jumper is then built to fit between these hubs. This form of diverless connection systems has proven to be cost effective and at the same time eliminate the need for high energy connection methods such as direct deflection and pull-in systems. A thorough understanding of the tooling as well as handling and installation of the jumper spools is of essence to achieve a successful connection. Clearly defined design parameters is a pre-requisitemore » to ensure that the spool configuration and geometry will accommodate loads and deflections experienced throughout the service life of the spool.« less


Software defined network (SDN) architectures are assimilated with vehicular communication networks in order to improve the real-time application support for the driving users. Internet of vehicles (IoV) paradigm provides information-centric application support for the road-side users. Information sharing through the road-side units (RSUs) influences the application services due to the frequent change in physical attributes of the vehicles. Considering the application oriented services and information handling in IoV, this article introduces information-centric content management framework (ICMF) for effective information utilization in the vehicular networks. This framework performs data acquisition, smoothing and management process for effective information analysis and better offloading. The proposed framework incorporates the functions of linear vector quantization for classifying acquired information and segregating it for maximum utilization. This quantization is recurrent in both continuous and alternating learning process to improve the reliability of information handling and management. The performance of the proposed framework is verified using simulations and the results prove its efficiency. The proposed framework is found to maximize resource utilization and offloading ratio with less analysis time and overhead. The simulation is verified for the varying density of vehicles, offloading ratio, and communication time, information utilization.


The continued growth of online programs in higher education has resulted in concerns about how institutions monitor the quality of their online programs. These concerns indicate a need for a process by which online programs may be evaluated and compared. They provided the impetus for this study, the goals of which were to identify quality indicators specific to community college online programs and to determine stakeholders' perceived importance of those indicators. Categories of indicators were identified through a literature review, and these items were used to guide the development of a Delphi study to identify potential indicators. The results of the Delphi study were then used to create a three-part Stakeholder Survey designed to collect input on perceived levels of importance for each potential indicator using the magnitude estimation technique. The Stakeholder Survey was also used to validate the results of the Delphi. To refine the results of the Delphi study and Stakeholder Survey, a final survey was distributed to a group of distance learning experts, identified through their scholarly research and professional activity. The participants were asked to review the earlier results and classify each item as a factor, indicator, or other according to definitions provided. The three research stages produced a set of potential data sources that a community college may want to pursue when assessing the effectiveness of its online programs and services. Each of the potential sources of data will be reviewed with a goal towards identifying specific indicators that may be used in developing future instruments.


Controlled ovarian stimulation is essential to obtain good pregnancy rates in assisted reproduction techniques. Options are natural cycle, minimal stimulation, traditional stimulation with gonadotrophins and GnRH analogs, with different regimes. There is a trend to practice a softer stimulation with less complications and more accessibility and comfort. However, we should not sacrifice efficiency, for that we have to select cases and design therapeutic modalities tailored to patient's needs. We evaluate indications, advantages and disadvantages of each modality. Controversies are analyzed, including GnRH agonists versus antagonists, and recombinant versus urinary gonadotrophins. New commercial preparations are reviewed. Special emphasis is given to adjuvants like oral contraceptives, estrogens, insulin sensitizers, androgens, corticoids, acetyl salicylic acid, phosfodiesterase inhibitors, dopaminergic agonists and chorionic gonadotrophin.


The 'genomic era' in dairy cattle breeding began in 2008 when the cattle genome was sequenced, leading to the discovery of millions of DNA markers called single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs.


Sports and male masculinity have an innate bond with each other. The advent of
sports as recreational activity and the manliness that goes with sports have an imbalance
from the time memorial which has existed to this day. Sports and games to determine
masculinity and judge a fine body has been a practice of sorts from ancient times. The
swayamvara(in ancient India, a practice of choosing a husband, from among a list of
suitors, by a girl of marriageable age. Swayam in Sanskrit means self and vara means groom
in this context) stated in epics where sports competition would be the most appropriate way
to judge or select a prospective groom or the medieval tourneys,based on similar lines where
sports were played by a gender to win another gender is something common across cultures.
When women entered sports first as distant spectators and much later as active participants,
issues deeply engraved in the patriarchal mindset of sports have time again emerged as
serious fault lines of sorts. There have been problems and issues with female participation
in sports , the codes and rules governing them and also the media representation of women
in sports over the years. The paper aims to discuss some of the critical issues with regards to
female representation in sports by media. The representation has been based on some
preconceived notions about the very existence of sports. Hyper masculinity associated with
sports and numerous stereotypes with regards to gender and gender roles


The present invention relates to (in weight%) containing C: 0.03 ~ 0.20%, Si: 0.6 ~ 2.0%, Mn: 0.6 ~ 2.0%, Al: 0.01 ~ 0.08%, B: 0.0020% or less, and N: 0.002 ~ 0.008% or less the need to further contain Cu, Mo, Ni, Cr, Nb, V, Ti, Ca and REM at least one of the remaining high-strength steel being Fe and unavoidable impurities; and flat slab above components were normal hot rolling method or controlled rolling continued to produce high tenacity steel, weld heat affected portion in the welding of the steel is suppressed state fatigue cracks, and can prevent or inhibit the generation of crack propagation.


Normal incidence infrared (3–5 μm) modulators based on AlSb/InAs/Al0.4Ga0.6Sb/GaSb/AlSb stepped quantum wells have been successfully grown on (100) GaSb substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. X‐ray diffraction characterization showed sharp satellite peaks. The devices were fabricated and measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer at 77 K. The largest normal incidence infrared absorption coefficient (α) of 3200 cm−1 at 5 μm has been obtained at 14 V applied reverse bias.


In this paper,petroleum asphalt road safety indicators of control,in order to increase the flash point of petroleum asphalt road test results indicators,by the original Cleveland Open Cup Flash Point Tester for the upgrading and transformation,to improve the detection accuracy and efficiency for road asphalt pavement performance to provide more accurate indicators of the safety parameters.


The process of determining the positions of nodes called localization which it is important in many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications such as target tracking, battlefields and disaster rescue. In recent years, the idea of mobile assisted localization has received extensive attention in literature because it is an efficient approach that significantly reduces implementation cost by using one mobile anchor (beacon) or few mobile anchors instead of a large number of static anchor nodes. In this paper we present an overview of existing mobile assistedlocalization algorithms. In addition, we provide taxonomy based on different features which can be used for classifying the mobile-assisted localization algorithms and by using the proposed taxonomy we compare between several existing mobile assistedlocalization algorithms.


Mizaj plays a pivotal role in determining the physiological, psychological and pathological status of an individual and is the basis of Unani therapeutics. Mizaj is one of the basic and distinguishing features of Unani system of medicine. It is one amongst the seven basic physiological principles i.e., Umoor-e-Tabai"ah. There are ten parameters which determine Mizaj of an individual, Afa"l-e-Aza (Functions of the body) is one of those and are considered as important in assessing the Mizaj of an individual as Ibn Nafis said "quickness of the body in reaction to stimuli is the evidence of preponderance of heat state in the body, e.g. certain people are quickly affected by cold air and winter season and cold things, while others do not get affected by them but they are affected by hot things". In this paper, Unani classical literature on Mizaj & Afal-e-Aza and Modern Literature on Nerve Conduction are reviewed and compared.


In 2007 the National Library of Australia (NLA) began a large-scale newspaper digitisation program that aimed to digitise one million pages (10 million articles) per year, with a view to increasing the volume over time and ramping up digitisation to include books and journals as well as newspapers. By the end of 2009 the NLA had learnt 10 key lessons about ramping up its digitisation activities into a mass-scale operation.


Gripping and holding mechanism of automated systems in manufacturing and distribution industries are required to flexibly accommodate various product shapes. In recent years, the gripping and holding mechanisms using jamming transition have been attracting attention because they can grasp objects of various shapes. The jamming gripping mechanism generally requires a mechanical vacuum pump to adjust the internal pressure of the gripping part, and it is difficult to miniaturize the system. An electro-conjugate fluid (ECF), a type of functional fluid, can generate a strong jet flow by applying a high DC voltage between the positive and negative electrodes. The ECF jet flow has a great potential to realize micro fluid power sources. In this paper, we proposed and prototyped a new type of small gripping and holding mechanism that uses the jet flow generated by the ECF and the jamming of granular material. A prototyped micro gripper had an outer diameter of 14 mm, a total length of 40 mm, and a tip diameter of 10 mm for gripping. A mathematical model of the micro gripper was derived by deformation of an elastic membrane and volume and pressure changes. It was verified by the mathematical model that the supplied pressure of the ECF hydraulic power source was large enough to realize gripping performance of the prototyped jamming gripper. The performance of the prototype micro gripper was numerically and experimentally evaluated the mathematical model. It was experimentally clarified that a maximum holding force of the prototyped jamming gripper was shown under the condition that filling rate of granular material was 50%. It was also clarified that the micro gripper with a built-in vacuum pump using the ECF hydraulic power source had a gripping force of up to 93 mN at an applied DC voltage of 4 kV.


A high number of red king crabs, Paralithodes camtschaticus, captured in the Norwegian commercial trap fishery have to be returned to the sea because they are females or sublegal males. In the present study, a comparative fishing trial was performed to investigate whether escape openings in traps lead to lower catches of small king crabs. Traps equipped with circular escape openings with an inner diameter wider than 160 mm retained legal crabs, while catches of sublegal male crabs became significantly reduced. Small female king crabs had a lower escape rate from traps with escape openings than small males.


An analysis was conducted of the profitability of converting cassava to its fufu value chain in Ikeduru local government area of Imo state, Nigeria as cassava and its value chains offers veritable alternatives to sustainable food supply, food security and have the potentials of creating jobs. The study was carried out using a sample of one hundred and ten (110) processors randomly selected from the twenty four towns that make up Ikeduru local government area. Feedback forms were administered and used to assemble data on processors socioeconomic characteristics which included age, education level, labour source, experience and constraints. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and budgetary techniques. Results revealed that fufu has a profit margin of =N=1,542,650.00 (US$5142) indicating high profitability with low rate of turnover being the most constraint. We recommend for the Provision of access road and tackling the incidence of double taxation by government agencies. Encouragement of healthy living and cleanliness, strengthening of cooperative societies' and the efficient way of delivering the tradermoni initiative by the government and encouragement of investment in the cassava value chain.


In the overmoded coaxial slow wave structures (SWSs), the asymmetric mode is easier to be excited by the electron beam. For conveniently studying the high frequency characteristics of coaxial asymmetric modes, we derive and solve the universal dispersion equation for both symmetric and asymmetric modes in coaxial SWSs. In principle, this numerical formula can be applied to arbitrary even-function SWSs, arbitrary corrugated depth and arbitrary transverse dimension. By this dispersion equation, the dispersion curves of asymmetric modes can be calculated more quickly and conveniently than the simulation software based on finite-element method.


We present a new spectropolarimeter based on the low{resolution slit spectrograph Boller & Chivens of the National Institute of Astronomy (Mexico) 2.1 m telescope. The instrument is intended to measure stellar longitudinal mag- netic elds of stars from 8 m to 16 m with a characteristic accuracy from 0:5 kG


In this article, we present an overview and latest BRUSA Elektronik AG <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">[1]</xref> achievements related to the inductive charging system (ICS). Moreover, our aim is to raise awareness of BRUSA contributions to ICS, both in the academic world, as well the industry. Recently, it was uncovered that our efforts were not recognized in recent review papers on wireless inductive charging of electrical vehicles (EVs) <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">[2]</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">[3]</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref4">[4]</xref>, even though our company was the first to demonstrate a working ICS for BMW <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">[1]</xref>.


Up to 85% of lung cancer diagnoses are non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs), making it the most common type of lung cancer. NSCLC is further divided into numerous subtypes, depending on its histologic architectures, cellular features, and molecular signatures. One particular subtype designated by the 2015 World Health Organization lung cancer classification is pleomorphic carcinoma, which is classified under the umbrella of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma of the NSCLC. Pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung is a rare tumor that accounts only for up to 0.4% of all pulmonary malignancies. It is defined as a poorly differentiated NSCLC, with a sarcomatoid component occupying at least 10% of the tumor, in the form of pleomorphic giant cells and spindle cells, in a background of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, squamous cell


FDTD-based radar cross section (RCS) and antenna simulations is discussed. The main FDTD volume is left as is in the classical FDTD method, but the task of the near-to-far-field transformation (NTFFT) module is distributed. Tests with different scenarios show that a computation gain of 3 to 7 may be reached with this approach.


Many new researches about the prevention and treatment of stains in cardiovascular disease were published in 2010.Many international large-scale clinical trials about stains gave us new evidences about the statins' role for the prevention of cardilvascular event.Also,the implication of high dose statins,heart-kidney protection and safety of statins were discussed.


Koja is a widely known variety of bananas but the availability of high-quality seeds has not been able to meet the market demand. This problem is overcome by using tissue culture, meanwhile, the success of the culture is largely determined by the acclimatization stage or adaptation of plants from heterotrophs to autotrophs. Therefore, this study aims to determine the interaction between the concentration of foliar fertilizer and the length of containment as well as the appropriate concentration for the growth of Koja banana plantlets. This is a field experiment carried out with a 2-factors split-plot design. The main plot was the foliar fertilizer concentration namely M1 = 2 ml/L; M2 = 4 ml/L; M3 = 6 ml/L, while the subplots were the length of containment namely E1 = 10 days; E2 = 20 days; E3 = 30 days. Based on the results, there was an interaction between the concentration of foliar fertilizer 4 mL/L and the length of containment of 20 days on the height, root volume, as well as fresh and plant dry weight.


In vivo high-resolution imaging of tumor development is possible through dorsal skinfold chamber implantable on mice model. However, current intravital imaging systems are weakly tolerated along time by mice and do not allow multimodality imaging. Our project aims to develop a new chamber for: 1- long-term micro/macroscopic visualization of tumor (vascular and cellular compartments) and tissue microenvironment; and 2- multimodality imaging (photonic, MRI and sonography). Our new experimental device was patented in March 2014 and was primarily assessed on 75 mouse engrafted with 4T1-Luc tumor cell line, and validated in confocal and multiphoton imaging after staining the mice vasculature using Dextran 155KDa-TRITC or Dextran 2000kDa-FITC. Simultaneously, a universal stage was designed for optimal removal of respiratory and cardiac artifacts during microscopy assays. Experimental results from optical, ultrasound (Bmode and pulse subtraction mode) and MRI imaging (anatomic sequences) showed that our patented design, unlike commercial devices, improves longitudinal monitoring over several weeks (35 days on average against 12 for the commercial chamber) and allows for a better characterization of the early and late tissue alterations due to tumour development. We also demonstrated the compatibility for multimodality imaging and the increase of mice survival was by a factor of 2.9, with our new skinfold chamber. Current developments include: 1- defining new procedures for multi-labelling of cells and tissue (screening of fluorescent molecules and imaging protocols); 2- developing ultrasound and MRI imaging procedures with specific probes; 3- correlating optical/ultrasound/MRI data for a complete mapping of tumour development and microenvironment.


It has become normative in organization and management studies literature to consider scaling as a synonym for organizational growth. Scaling is typically understood as scaling-up. This article demonstrates that, in the context of post-growth organizations, scaling involves a more complex set of dynamics. Directing scholarly attention to scaling in the context of Italian Social Agricultural Cooperatives (i.e. organizations that hold a different rationale and modus operandi from the capitalist enterprise), this research contributes to the literature on scaling the impact of post-growth organizations by identifying nine different scaling routes: organizational growth (vertical and horizontal); organizational downscaling; impact on policies; multiplication; impact on organizational culture; impact on societal culture; aggregation; and diffusion. This article demonstrates that post-growth scaling: (1) requires the synergistic interaction of different strategies; (2) focuses on impacting societal culture; (3) does not necessarily require organizational growth; and (4) is a relational process, embedded in socio-ecological systems. The typology presented in this article empowers post-growth organizations to become more aware of different available scaling routes, unlocking their transformative potential and supporting the transition towards a post-growth future, in which the goal of economics is the pursuit of human and ecological flourishing.


Retiming transformation relocates registers in a circuit to shorten the clock cycle time. However, with the advent of deep sub-micron era, the hold constraints often limit the smallest feasible clock period that the retiming transformation can achieve. Therefore, a combination of retiming transformation and delay insertion may lead to further clock period reduction. In this paper, we propose a retiming methodology, called race-condition-aware, retiming (RCA retiming), to determine, a retiming solution by relaxing the critical hold constraints that actually limit the circuit performance. Our objective is not only to optimize the clock period, but also attempts to minimize the required inserted delay. Experimental data show that our approach can make significant improvement in the circuit performance with small overhead in the circuit area.


System D is a distributed transaction-processing system which addresses the problems of data integrity, system availability, and incremental growth. It is an experimental research vehicle and has been prototyped on a local network of loosely coupled minicomputers. This paper describes the architecture of the system. Novel features of System D include the distributed Resource Manager that provides high availability by diagnosing and taking corrective actions against software-induced crashes, the two-phase Direct Commit protocols that require fewer messages and I/OS than conventional two-phase commit protocols, the datagram-based communications architecture, and the modular storage system.


In this paper we generalise the concept of complex multi plication points on the modular curve XQ{N) to the case of any discriminant D. We show how to reduce their study and evaluation of their number to that of primitive Oideals of type a 0 with the norm ^(a) equal to A^, where O is the order of discriminant D of a quadratic field and, ultimately, to that of the primitive representations of A^ by the principal form of discriminant D. When D < 0, explicit computations are exhibited.


A modification of the mirror reaction method has been used to metalize atomic force microscope (AFM) probes for apertureless near-field optical microscopy. The method produces a single silver particle of controllable size at the apex of the AFM tip with no detrimental effects on the AFM probe. A particle of the order 80nm in diameter appears to provide the best tip-enhanced Raman signal using 488nm excitation. The near-field Raman spatial resolution of one such probe was shown to be as high as 24nm using single-walled carbon nanotubes as a test sample.


Scouring around a single pier exposed to the steady currents has been extensively investigated. However, scouring around pier groups is still a field of active research. In this work, laboratory experiments on pier group with circular piers embedded in uniform sediment were carried out in a flume of 4 m long, 0.41 m wide, and 0.25 m deep. The experimental condition is considered to be clear-water condition. Six kinds of pier group arrangement aligned with the flow were tested, including the side-by-side arrangements of piers, tandem arrangements of piers, and 2×2, 2×3, 2×4, and 3×2 pier groups. The models consist of three circular piers with diameters of 16 mm, 22 mm, and 28 mm. The pier spacing varied from zero to 6 times of pier diameter. The variations of scouring depth with the pier spacing as well as the number of rows normal to the flow and number of columns exposed to the flow were investigated. It is observed that the scour-hole depth for some cases of pier group increases as much as two times more than its magnitude for the case of single-pier. However if the pier spacing is more than a critical value this influence of pier group would be diminished. Comparisons between the experimental data and those predicted by techniques presented in the Federal Highway Administration, Hydraulic Engineering Circular No.18 (HEC-18) are presented as well. The HEC-18 predicted values were found to be conservative for pier group under the conditions tested. A procedure based of this experiments and data from other studies was developed and is proposed for consideration.


With the rapid advance of the multimedia and position technology,the new-style geo-tagged media,such as geographic video,panoramic picture and measurable image,have been introduced in GIS applications.This paper aims to introduce the stereo video to geographic information science.Geographic stereo video includes both spatial and temporal geographic characteristics acquired through ground-based or non-ground-based cameras.It is the stereo video that extends the elements of interior and exterior orientation for video frame.And it supports the video retrieval and image measurement based on the spatial information.It has been a new way for geographic representation.Regarding to the disadvantage of the existing methods for video management in GIS such as single function and monotone querying methods,a geographic stereo video data model(GeoSVDM)is proposed on the basis of analysis and integration of the spatial and video data.The model was composed of entities of video,geometry,theme,semantic annotation and linear reference.The video frame and its location or field of view,the video segment and its trajectories are Abstracted based on the object oriented method.And the conceptual framework is described through UML(Unified Modeling Language).The model established the location references and semantic references between the video object and the geographic entities.It supports the multiple application function,such as visualization,retrievement and measurement with image.The GeoSVDM fulfilled the data organization and querying methods of geographic stereo video objects.The experiment indicate that the GeoSVDM is a multiple function,integration,loosely coupled,flexible and extensible data model for the management of geographic stereo video.This model plays an important role in geo-tagged media application by providing a fundamental data model for GIS.


The profile of New Zealand housing has for some time been dominated by the standalone suburban house. However, this pattern absorbs considerable land resources and leads to socially stagnant environments that are heavily dependent on private motorcars. For these reasons the largest cities in New Zealand have declared limits to peripheral growth. Such limits, coupled with changes in lifestyle, lead naturally to intensification of existing residential areas. Urban planning and design objectives that underpin residential intensification are sound - greater densities can provide for improved social opportunities, bolster economic circumstances to enable a greater range of services to be offered, and make better use of existing physical infrastructure. However, experience shows that the built outcomes are patchy, and that many infill projects fall short of meeting expectations for on-site amenity, and/or appear to be at odds with the character of the surrounding area. In late 2005, Housing New Zealand Corporation organised an architectural design competition for comprehensive redevelopment of a large site in the Auckland region. Research was conducted on the basis of this representative cross section of designers, with the aim of evaluating achievement by New Zealand designers in terms of residential amenity and its suitability to the surrounding context. A review of literature, including the design brief and a number of design guides for infill housing, bring forth the criteria addressing key urban design and architectural amenity issues specific to medium density housing. The criteria were used to assess the entries using a five point scale. The methodology generates data that is used to compare entries, and analyses relative strengths and weaknesses seen across all schemes. The results provide a snapshot of contemporary practice in New Zealand, suggesting where strengths and weaknesses lie with respect to planning and design of medium density housing. Key words: Social housing, medium density housing, design competitions, New Zealand


The anti-explosion ability of shipbuilding is an important gist in shipbuilding project.It is unpractical to make underwater explosion trials for the real shipbuilding for the huge cost and environmental constraints.The scaling laws in the underwater explosion tests was briefly introduces.Mainly discusses the applicability of scaling laws to underwater explosions and limitations of classical scaling relationships And validates the applicability and limitations of classical scaling relationships with old test results.


Policy-makers, service commissioners, service providers and assessors should be aware of these potential difficulties, and undertake measures to reduce them. Formal training in cultural sensitivity and competence is required for those involved in the application of the MCA. Professional interpreters involved with the MCA require formal training on the core concepts of the MCA. In the absence of a central mechanism or requirement to collect data on language, ethnicity and religion of subjects who have an assessment of DMC, individual health care providers, local authorities, and independent sector care homes should collect this data. This will allow monitoring of any disproportionate use of the MCA, auditing of any difficulties and identification of examples of good practice. This should be supplemented by high quality research examining the assessment of DMC and the application of the MCA in BME groups. Unless these steps are taken, BME elders may be disadvantaged by the practical application of some of the MCA's requirements. Many of the issues pertaining to the MCA with regard to BME elders may be relevant to developing countries because such countries, particularly from the Commonwealth, often make legislative changes after such changes are enacted in the United Kingdom.


The paper presents the machining process with NC programs of a representative part for a grouped technology, viewed in a computer integrated manufacturing system. The manufacturing conception of the part was developed according the flexible manufacturing system principles, optimizing the total length of tool paths with SURFCAM program. The part is a lift-up bracket, made of aluminum alloy (zycral), with complex walls, which is subjected to static transitory loads and strong vibrations. As a result of a static and dynamic analysis, there were determined the critical sections that had to be taken into account by the manufacturing process.


It is necessary for most of advanced visual sensing systems to realize visual stabilization and target gazing prior to recognition process when operating in a structurally unconstrained environment. In this paper, a new method of acquiring that fundamental ability by sensor fusion technique is proposed. It is important to choose an appropriate sensor fusion basis, and it is proposed to integrate the visual system with angular velocity sensors and a gaze control system by one of those constraint conditions which govern the relation between measured and control variables. It is also proposed that such a visual sensing system is realized by integrating the systems through their (angular) velocity information. Because the velocity field in the image can be now calculated in real time and the angular velocity can be treated directly by both rate gyroscopes and gaze control motors, such an integration is expected to fit for the visual system which requires quick response. Experimental results show that proposed velocity based visual stabilization is feasible and exhibits better performance than that solely by a single sensation. The reason accounting for this improvement is also theoretically discussed.<<ETX>>


Objective:To study the clinical features of atypical acute myocardial infarction (AMI) for raising the diagnostic accordance rate at the early-period and improving the prognosis of AMI. Methods:68 cases of AMI with atypical clinical features were reviewed during the past 8 years in 215 cases of AMI. Results:The cases of AMI with atypical clinical features accounted for 31.6%,including painless type,shock type,gastric type,cerebral symptom type,neck and shoulder symptom type, atypical type of pain sections, and cardiac arrest type. Conclusion:Missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of AMI with atypical clinical features frequently affects the treatment. Raising the knowledge of AMI with atypical clinical features may obtain the early diagnosis and proper treatment and thus improve the prognosis of AMI.


At 8–9 C, sockeye ova without added water maintained their initial fertility for 12 hr and a few were still fertile after 175 hr; sockeye milt maintained its initial fertility for 11 hr, and fertilized a few ova after 101 hr. Pink salmon ova maintained their initial fertility for 8 hr and some were still fertile at 129 hr; pink salmon milt maintained its initial fertility for 33 hr and fertilized 67% of the test ova at 57 hr, but none at 81 hr. Comparison of these results with those of tests at lower storage temperatures suggests that cooler storage would extend the period of high fertility.


ABSTRACT Hysteroscopy was useful in managing 5 patients with a possible ectopic pregnancy but with nonrising hCG levels below the threshold for ultrasound diagnosis. Two patients had an ectopic pregnancy, 2 patients had a threatened abortion, and 1 patient had an incomplete abortion. (J GYNECOL SURG 8:165, 1992)


It has been widely said in Korea that early administrations of Cervi cornu parvum (deer antler) to febrile infants affect brain functions. Traditional Oriental Medicine states that the head is easily affected by fever and only an excess of heat causes headaches. Traditional Oriental Medicine also states that Cervi cornu parvum cannot be used in febrile conditions. With the aim of investigating different febrile response to LPS, experiments using intravenous injection of LPS have been carried out on Cervi comu parvum(CCP) and Soahbohyul - tang combined with Cervi comu parvum(SB-CCP) administered rabbits. Experiments were also conducted to evaluate the effects of early administration of CCP on learning and memory in 3 week old rats with LPS fever. These were evaluated by using the Morris water maze and the radial arm maze. Changes in body weight were also observed during this period. The results of these experiments are as follows. 1. In the experiments with febrile rabbits, the CCP and SB-CCP administered group showed statistically significant reductions of fever (p


The basic theory of Electrostatic Discharge(ESD) is introduced.According to GB/T 17215.211-2006 and GB/T 17626.2-2006,the test-setup,test procedure and the evaluation of test results are clarified.Finally,the effective protection against ESD is given.


Sewing quality is an important factor that contributes to the overall quality of an end-product. Sewing quality compro - mises different components such as bending, seam strength, seam slippage, elasticity etc. Among these components, bending has a special importance because of causing changes in appearance, sensorial comfort and drape of a garment. Therefore, in this study, effects of stitch type and seam direction on the bending rigidities of sewn fabrics were evaluated and compared. A polyester woven fabric which is suitable for sportswear was sewn with three basic stitch types (lock stitch, chain stitch and overlock stitch), in 5 different directions (warp, weft, 30°, 45° and 60° angles). As reference, samples without stitches were tested, too. Bending properties of samples were determined via heart loop method. According to the results, sewing increased the fabric bending rigidity. The degree of bending rigidity increment was dependent on the stitch type. Highest bending rigidity values were obtained for overlock stitched samples those were approximately 4 times higher when compared to non-sewn reference samples. Thickness of sewn parts was in accordance with the bending rigidity results. For oriented seams, bias sewing especially for 45˚ oriented samples, showed the most advantageous bending results. This study showed the usability of heart loop method for sewn samples via consistent results for different stitch types and seam directions.


Micro greens are vegetables harvested at a very early age, harvesting is done when cotyledon leaves and a pair of new leaves appear. Plant growth phases include germination, micro greens, baby greens, and mature in greens. This research aimed to determine the quality of microgreens broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) that are water content, total chlorophyll, and dietary fiber due to the influence of planting media and coconut water nutrition. Broccoli microgreens are planted at the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, UPN "Veteran" East Java in November-December 2018. Analysis of water content using drying method(thermogravimetri), chlorophyll analysis using spectrophotometry method, and analysis of fiber content with Enzymatic-Gravimetric method. The data were analyzed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with the post hoc test LSD 5% and HSD 5% and correlation regression between parameters. The results of the study showed an increase in the quality of parameters and there was a close correlation between parameters. Correlation value of water content and total chlorophyll (r = 0.81) with a regression equation y = 1.907 × - 143.2, water content and fiber content (r = 0.84) with regression equation y = 2.628 × - 235.3 and total chlorophyll and fiber content (r = 0.88) with the regression equation y = 1.178 × - 32.05.


Four cystine stones immersed in water or aqueous solutions of carmine indigo (4% diluted 1:20) or methylene blue (1% diluted 1:20) with rifamycin (0.6% and 6%) and rifampicin (0.3% and 0.3%) were treated with 200 shots from a dye laser at 504 nm (energy 60 to 100 mJ). Another four stones were treated under the same conditions using an alexandrite laser at 755 nm (energy 40 to 80 mJ). The spectra of the substances, when previously analyzed with the spectrophotometer (optical path 1.0 mm) showed an absorption of almost 100% for rifamycin and rifampicin at a wave length of 504 nm. The most successful fragmentation occurred when the dye laser was used to treat stones immersed in rifamycin and rifampicin at the higher concentrations, whereas the dye laser was almost totally ineffective in fragmentating stones in carmine indigo and methylene blue solutions. The alexandrite laser failed to provoke fragmentation in stones immersed in any of the solutions. The quantity of fragmented material produced by treating a...


Using fresh leaf of E. urophylla as material, RNA and DNA were extracted and separated at the same time. Firstly, sorbitol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, bovine serum albumin, polyethylene glycol and spermidine were used to precipitate total nucleic acid while most of secondary metabolites were removed. Secondly, sorbitol and sodium lauroyl sarcosine were used to schizolysis cells further. Thirdly,CTAB and nucleic acid formed soluble complex at high-salt solution. After removing proteins by chloroform, DNA was precipitated by adding one tenth volume of 10% calcium chloride solution and one fifth volume of ethanol. Lastly, RNA was precipitated by increasing the content of ethanol. The result of electrophoresis at nondenaturing agarose gel showed both RNA and DNA were high quality. The method was economical, simple and fast. And RNA and DNA were extracted at the same time.


This article presents a study of the national and international scientific production on the topic of resilience at work in the field of Psychologyin databas from 2000 to 2015. It is a theoretical study, based on bibliometrics, aimed to broaden the understanding about the theme, in order to favor approximations and re-readings of researchers and other profes-sionals interested in the subject. The method adopted followed two main steps, the first being the systematic search of literature in the Capes Portal and analysis and selection of publications; and the second, the bibliometric study of the 25 publications selected in the first step. Among the results, it was evidenced that 68% of the publications were linked to the area of Human Sciences, 23% corresponding to the field of Positive Psychology. There was the prevalence of empirical studies (72%), the majority focused on the resilience of health workers and executives. The constitutive definitions on resilience at work and the theoretical-practical contributions of the analyzed studies were also presented. Finally, it is believed that the present article characterizes the state of the art on the topic of resilience at work and it can guide the formulation of future studies.


The method for manufacturing the integrated circuit device and the integrated circuit device is disclosed. An exemplary apparatus comprises a trench isolation structure disposed on the semiconductor substrate to remove the region of the NMOS device from the PMOS region of the semiconductor substrate, and an apparatus having a substrate surface. Apparatus high band gap energy and a first pin structure, a small lattice a higher band gap energy and the lattice constant of Ge comprising a III-V group of the silicon or SiGe disposed over the layer of semiconductor material having a larger lattice constant than the lattice constant of Ge the second fin structure and the first fin structure and a gate structure arranged vertically above the second pin structure including the Group III-V silicon or SiGe disposed over the layer of semiconductor material having a constant further comprises.


Background: Indonesia has a high Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and has not met the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) target. Maternal mortality in Indonesia is caused by bleeding, hypertension, infection with abortion, and prolonged labor. One of the causes of bleeding in the first trimester is ectopic pregnancy. Several studies have shown an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy in women using intrauterine contraceptives. Subjects and Method: A literature review was carried out in this study with a case control study design. The exposure was intrauterine contraception, and the outcome of the study was an ectopic pregnancy. The initial screening limits studies by time, language and appropriate themes. Furthermore, the selection of research articles was carried out based on the content according to the topic, namely ectopic pregnancy and intrauterine contraceptives, the literature obtained was not duplicated, and each literature was reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed using Rev.Man 5.3 software with a random effects model. Value: the I2 statistic was used to calculate heterogeneity. Results: Pooled OR estimates from all studies are (RR= 1.53; 95% CI= 0.48 to 4.80; p= 0.47) with a heterogeneity of 85%. Conclusion: Based on a review of the literature, it can be concluded that intrauterine contraceptives can cause ectopic pregnancy, but the results of the study still show quite varied OR.


Fe 3+ -montmorillonite was used as a solid acidic catalyst for the synthesis of decahydroacridine derivatives through the condensation of aromatic aldehydes, dimedone and aniline in ethanol. The influence of reaction time, reaction temperature, and the amount of catalyst were studied. All the compounds were characterized by IR, Mp, 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR analysis.


In this paper, we present an improved frame level mean absolute difference (MAD) prediction model for H.264/AVC rate control. Based on the histogram information of successive frames, the MAD of current frame can be accurately estimated. Instead of only using buffer status in the frame target bits allocation process, we also take into consideration the frame complexity which depends on the improved predicted frame MAD value. The objective of this frame complexity based bit allocation is to follow the non-stationary characteristics of video source and to provide smoother visual quality. Simulation results show that by using our proposed scheme, smaller frame target bits mismatch can be achieved. In addition, the average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) for the reconstructed video is improved by up to 0.5 dB with up to 62% reduction in picture quality variation.


Abstract For the past few years, integrated machines (i.e. cluster tools) in wafer fabrication have been widely used to achieve reductions in cycle time, contamination, operator handling, capital costs and required floor space. The integration among several processing steps can lead to savings in cycle time, labour costs and inventory, and often provides a dramatic opportunity for yield improvement by preventing contamination. However, because of its complex configurations, modelling and analysis on the activities of an integrated machine is not an easy task. In this paper, a hybrid approach is introduced in order to model and to analyse the activities of the integrated machine.


The design and operation of a small (< 40 microliters) reaction vessel with membrane-covered oxygen electrode is described. The equipment's productivity and experimental versatility is similar to that of equipment using 100 times more biological material. Control experiments showed that respiration experiments are made with virtually no systematic errors and random errors of less than 2%.


Arora & Ge recently showed that solving LWE can be reduced to solve a high-degree non-linear system of equations. They used a linearization to solve the systems. We investigate here the possibility of using Gr¨obner bases to improve Arora & Ge approach.


Universities have an another valuable role in enabling sustainability besides their research capacity. We are interested in their role as risk taking institutions, because we see risk as a pre-condition for sustainability. This paper will explore the relationship between sustainability, emergence, universities and a high level graduate attribute – global citizenship. We will explore this relationship by proposing a model that frames the theory of sustainability as a quality that emerges from a system. Emergence occurs from unmanaged multiple actions at the local scale and is more likely to occur in environments with greater risk and diversity. Emergence is only identified from the scale above where actions are taking place, so an emergent model of sustainability emphasises the space and interaction between the scales of action and observation. Australian universities play an important role in this space between the scales. They are both actor and observer, and trainers of the present and future actors and observers. By choosing to have higher level graduate attributes like leadership and global citizenship, universities are taking a risk in selecting and advocating for the attributes they think our future thinkers and leaders should have. We present the research design and some preliminary data that aims to determine if the global citizenship graduate attribute can serve as an example of universities' engagement between the scales to help create a sustainable future.


The Women Inmate's Acceptance of Corruption Case in Correctional Facility LembagaPemasyarakatanKlas IIA Muaro Padang

Falah Farras Sadikanugraha1)
Dwi Puspasari2)Kuswardani Susari Putri2)

1)Psychology student, Medical Faculty, Andalas University
2)Lecturer at Psychology Department, Medical Faculty, Andalas University

ABSTRACT
Women inmate of corruption case is a woman who has been convicted and received legal decisions related to corruption were eliminated upon some of their independence and receive correctional in order to become better individuals. Such correctional should be passed by the inmates are in correctional facility. Activity in correctional facility can provide psychological and social impact for inmates, especially women inmate. This studyaimed to describe the process of self-acceptance on women inmate of corruption case.
This research used the qualitative approach to see the stages of the acceptance and the factors that affect the self-acceptance. Data were collected by interviews and observation. Sampling technique were using theory based/ operational construct sampling. Key informants were 3 women inmate of corruption case.
The results of this study showed roughly the same pattern on each inmate through the process of self-acceptance, those are rejection, trying to accept, and acceptance. In accepting themself in prisons, some inmates were able to accept themself completely, but there are also prisoners who have not been able to accept themself completely. Self-acceptance is affected by social support that inmates receivedand the prison environment.

Key words: Self-acceptance; inmate; woman; criminal; corruption; correctional facility.


Abstract The main objective of this paper is to expand understanding of how supervisory boards contribute to corporate strategy. Using a sample of supervisory boards of Croatian listed companies, in this paper we investigate: (1) the overall level of supervisory boards involvement in corporate strategy, and (2) how are supervisory board's structural attributes related to the intensity of strategic involvement. Our results indicate that supervisory boards indeed have an active role in shaping and supporting the corporate strategy. Strategic activities that supervisory boards most often execute are authorizing strategic decisions proposed by the management board and crisis management activities.


Abstract : The Million Query (1MQ) track ran for the first time in TREC 2007. It was designed to serve two purposes. First, it was an exploration of ad-hoc retrieval on a large collection of documents. Second, it investigated questions of system evaluation, particularly whether it is better to evaluate using many shallow judgments or fewer thorough judgments. Participants in this track were assigned two tasks: (1) run 10,000 queries against a 426Gb collection of documents at least once and (2) judge documents for relevance with respect to some number of queries. Section 1 describes how the corpus and queries were selected, details the submission formats, and provides a brief description of all submitted runs. Section 2 provides an overview of the judging process, including a sketch of how it alternated between two methods for selecting the small set of documents to be judged. Sections 3 and 4 provide details of those two selection methods, developed at UMass and NEU, respectively. The sections also provide some analysis of the results. In Section 6 we present some statistics about the judging process, such as the total number of queries judged, how many by each approach, and so on. We present some additional results and analysis of the overall track in Sections 7 and 8.


We consider the case of heuristic search where the location of the goal may change during the course of the search. For example, the goal may be a target that is actively avoiding the problem solver. We present a moving target search algorithm (MTS) to solve this problem. We prove that if the average speed of the target is slower than that of the problem solver, then the problem solver is guaranteed to eventually reach the target. An implementation with randomly positioned obstacles confirms that the MTS algorithm is highly effective in various situations.


Objective To investigate the expression of Id3 in normal large intestine epithelial,colon adenoma and sporadic colorectal adenocarcinomas and to discuss its relationship with clinicopathological features.Methods Id3 expression in 18 cases of normal large intestine epithelial,30 cases of colon adenoma and 35 cases of sporadic colorectal adenocarcinomas that confirmed by pathology were detected by immunohistochemical EnVision System.Results The frequency of positive expression of Id3 in normal large intestine epithelial,colon adenoma and sporadic colorectal adenocarcinomas was 11.1%,70.0% and 88.5% respectively(P0.05).The difference was statistically significant(P0.05).Furthermore,the expression of Id3 was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis,but not significantly correlated with gender,age,tumor size,invasive depth and differentiation level(P0.05).Conclusion There is expression of Id3 in colon adenoma and sporadic colonrectal adenocarcinoma,and it may take part in the occurrence,development and cancerization of colon adenoma and may also promote lymph node metastasis in sporadic colonrectal adenocarcinoma.High expression of Id3 may be used as a potential marker of metastasis in sporadic colonrectal adenocarcinoma,making it of great importance in the treatment and prognosis.


Volume 1 • Issue 1 • 1000e102 Trop Med Surg, an open access journal ISSN: 2329-9088 "Diseases are born, live and die" this is the title of one of the most famous works of Charles Nicolle, Nobel Prize of Medicine (1928), illuminating in a few words the general theory of infectious diseases that he developed between 1893 and 1936. In this theory, Nicolle applies the Darwinian principles of evolution for microbiology as follows: "We will never have certainty about how infectious diseases began. When they emerge, we will be unaware of their existence until the day on which the number of reported cases necessitates our knowledge of new evil, even early indications escapes us as we are always looking for infectious diseases as they existed in the past." The concept of "new diseases or better yet, one of "emergence of infectious diseases'' dates back to twenty years ago.


The article briefly discusses the problems of heat energy metering in an apartment building. We mention the main types of metering devices, including heat cost allocators of different kinds. We describe the problems of thermal energy metering in a heating system with vertical heating contour. Also, we indicate the possibility of using the methods of mathematical physics for heat energy metering.


This paper expounds the necessity of monitoring in the construction process of major projects, which are large-span or super-high projects. And the deformation is the most important index of monitoring parameters. In this paper, the principles of several deformation monitoring methods, such as dial indicator, precision level, static level, total station, GNSS and image technology, are introduced respectively. This paper compares the traditional deformation monitoring methods with the new deformation monitoring methods, and analyzes the advantages and existing problems of various deformation monitoring methods. Finally, the new requirements and new monitoring technologies for deformation monitoring were proposed in future engineering construction.


The spreading application of robotised systems and the technological development of converter systems that cause a number of disturbances of electric power quality give rise to the question whether their impact on the lifetime of electric receivers and their peripheries is not in excess of normative standards. The authors, in cooperation with some authorised after-sales service providers for industrial robot suppliers, have observed a rising number of after-sales complaints that remain unsolved, where the cause of robot stoppage or damage is not diagnosed. The authors believe this situation is directly caused by the fact supply voltage sags and returns to its default value are not registered (a lack of sag records) and relations are not analysed between voltage sags, current, and anomalous states of industrial robots' automatic systems. In search for evidence of the destructive effects of voltage sags, the authors have undertaken some research and identified states destructive to electric receivers (in this case, industrial robots) in the region the ITIC / SEMI F47 curve defines as no-damage.


The paper reviews the research advance of algae transgenesis from the algae genetic background,selected marker,reporter gene,promoter and transformation method and so on.


Pancreatic steatosis is thought to be a negative risk factor for pancreas transplant outcomes. Despite considering donor body mass index (BMI) and the visualization of intercalated fat as indicators of donor pancreas lipid content, transplant surgeons do not use a quantitative method to directly measure steatosis when deciding to transplant a pancreas. In this study, we used nondiabetic human pancreata donated for research to measure the pancreatic and islet‐specific lipid content to determine which clinical markers correlate best with lipid content. Interestingly, we found that BMI and age correlate with increased pancreatic lipid content (Panc‐LC) in men, but not women. Our findings further suggest that total Panc‐LC correlates with an increase in islet lipid content for both men and women. We noted that pancreata donated from individuals with a history of hypertension have increased Panc‐LC independent of donor BMI or sex. Moreover, we identify hypertension as a risk factor for reduced islet function after islet isolation. Together, our findings emphasize differences in pancreas graft quality related to pancreatic and islet lipid content, which may not be predicted by assessing BMI alone but may be influenced by a donor history of hypertension.


At the present age,in opening cultural context,coloring teaching is a basic course of art,it undertakes the tasks of training students' creative thought and practical consciousness;of guiding students to express the object also to release subjective emotional color simultaneously;and of interplay in inner relation between color theory and sketching practice.According this thinking,we wish to seek a more creative way in the space of old mode.


Vibration in trains constitutes one aspect of the physical environment that can cause discomfort to passengers. In order to assess the vibration, a variety of techniques have been developed and used. The general approach is to acquire acceleration at the passenger–train interface, and to then process these acceleration signals in order to calculate human comfort. However, the comfort index so calculated is independent of the seat characteristics and human parameters. Thus, a human biodynamic model with dynamic seat characteristics is necessary in order to perform true comfort analysis. The biodynamics of human subjects has been a topic of interest over the years, and a number of mathematical models have been established. However, there are only a few studies incorporating biodynamic models in railway applications. So, the present work proposes to evaluate Sperling's Ride Index for a low–medium speed railway vehicle and further to calculate root mean square acceleration of different body parts, as per the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 2631 guidelines, through bond graph technique. Car body flexibility is also incorporated using modal expansion of a free–free beam. Physiological effects of the vibrations on the human body were analyzed using the criteria specified in ISO 2631.


Esomeprazole is a new chromogenic reagent used for the determination of cobalt (II) by simple, rapid, sensitive, selective, direct and derivative spectrophotometric method. Esomeprazole forms a greenish yellow coloured Co (II) - esomaoprazole complex shows maximum absorbance at 355 nm at pH 8. Where the reagent blank shows negligible absorbance. Hence, the analytical studies were carried out at 355nm. The method obeyed Beer's law validity in the range 0.8-8.0 µg mL -1 . The molar absorptivity and Sandell's Sensitivity are


Nigeria faces a growing triple burden of malnutrition. First, chronic childhood undernutrition remains stubbornly high. Nationwide, 36.8% of children under five years were estimated to be stunted in 2018—only slightly down from 40.8% in 2008. This corresponds to an annual average decline of less than 0.4 percentage points over the last decade and was almost exclusively due to a reduction in the prevalence of child stunting in urban areas (Table 1). Second, micronutrient malnutrition, including iron deficiency anemia, is extremely widespread among young children and women of reproductive age. While the prevalence rate of anemia among children under five years slightly declined in rural areas between 2010 and 2018, it substantially increased in urban areas. Third, overweight and obesity among adults has been rising rapidly in both urban and rural areas. Over the last decade, the national prevalence rates of overweight and obesity (the extreme form of overnutrition) among nonpregnant women 15 to 49 years of age increased faster than the rate of child stunting decreased, driving the growth of the triple burden. Obesity significantly increases the risk of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (like heart attack and stroke), and hypertension. The root cause of all forms of malnutrition is poor dietary quality, while poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions aggravate malnutrition.


Six 500-watt lights were suspended directly over a block of fifteen trees consisting of several varieties of apples. The plot was flooded with light each evening for two and a half to three hours from April 26 to June 30,i.e., to the end of the first brood of codling moth. Temperature for the period was recorded and foot candle meter readings were made to ascertain light intensities. Comparing fruit of the same variety at the end of the test it was found that 21 per cent of the apples on check trees outside the test plot were moth attacked while only 14.5 per cent of the apples inside the test plot were so affected. Light of the intensity and quality used indicates a tendency to deter the codling moth in its egg laying habits.


Children and adolescents with Down syndrome frequently are involved in athletic pursuits. In addition to well-known associated medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism and cardiac anomalies, these individuals also are susceptible to musculoskeletal problems. Patellar instability, hip joint instability, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, bunions, and cervical spine instability have been reported with a significant incidence in this population. Early diagnosis of musculoskeletal problems allows for more effective interventions that preserve function and allow safe participation in sports activities.


Diabetes is common and the number of patients needing treatment is likely to increase with the ageing population. Hospital diabetic clinics are already under great pressure and if they are to deal adequately with new and difficult problems it is essential that the system for day-to-day care is re-organised.


The utility model relates to the field of heat exchanger production, and particularly relates to a U-shaped pipe polishing apparatus being convenient for the poling and welding of a U-shaped pipe with a baffle plate and a tube plate. The U-shaped pipe polishing apparatus includes a bottom plate 10, a first base 1 and a second base 2 are arranged on the bottom plate 10, a first polishing unit is arranged on the first base 1, a second polishing unit is arranged on the second base 1, the first polishing unit and the second polishing unit are parallel and symmetrical in the vertical direction, the two sides of the two polishing units are respectively provided with a first guiding unit and a second guiding unit which are parallel and symmetrical in the horizontal direction, the first guiding unit is arranged on the first base 1, and the second guiding unit is arranged on the second base 1. The U-shaped pipe polishing apparatus disclosed polishes the upper and lower arc-shaped surfaces of the outer diameter of a U-shaped pipe by means of the upper and lower grinding units.


Abstract—The roles of the G-protein &agr;-subunits, Gs, Gi, and Gq/11, in the signal transduction of the D1-like dopamine receptors, D1 and D5, have been deciphered. G&agr;12 and G&agr;13, members of the 4th family of G protein subunits, are not linked with D1 receptors, and their linkage to D5 receptors is not known. Therefore, we studied the expression of G&agr;12 and G&agr;13 and interaction with D5 dopamine receptors in the kidney from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and D5 receptor-transfected HEK293 cells. G&agr;12 and G&agr;13 were found in the proximal tubule, distal convoluted tubule, and artery and vein in the WKY rat kidney. Whereas G&agr;12 was expressed in the ascending limb of Henle, G&agr;13 was expressed in the collecting duct and juxtaglomerular cells. In renal proximal tubules, G&agr;12 and G&agr;13, as with D5 receptors, were expressed in brush border membranes. Laser confocal microscopy revealed the colocalization of D5 receptors with G&agr;12 and G&agr;13 in rat renal brush border membranes, immortalized rat renal proximal tubule cells, and D5 receptor-transfected HEK293 cells. In these cells, a D1-like agonist, fenoldopam, increased the association of G&agr;12 and G&agr;13 with D5 receptors, results that were corroborated by immunoprecipitation experiments. We conclude that although both D1 and D5 receptors are linked to G&agr;s, they are differentially linked to G&agr;12 and G&agr;13. The consequences of the differential G-protein subunit linkage on D1- and D5-mediated sodium transport remains to be determined.


Controlled nonlinear filtering equations with "relaxed controls" arising out of the separated control problem for partially observed diffusions are considered. An equivalence relation is defined on the attainable laws of the joint state and control process by identifying any two of the latter when their one-dimensional marginals agree almost everywhere. Extreme points of the set of such equivalence classes (for fixed initial laws) are shown to correspond to Markov processes.


Blueberry has high ecnomic worth and development potential on the world.But blueberry need harsh terms in soil.Blueberries grow well in a well-drained sandy loam,rich in organic matter.It requires an acid soil with a pH range of 4.5 to 5.0.This paper deals with the influence of the soil pH,organic matter and Mycorrhiza fungi on the growth of the blueberry.Some soil-improvement ways are reviewed in this paper.This paper can provid valuable data for work in soil improvement in planting blueberry.


Microwave-assisted aqueous organic synthesis combines the advantages of microwave heating and water as solvent.It has the advantages of fast reaction rate,high yield and environment friendly,In this paper,the recent developments of microwave-assisted aqueous(superheated water,T≥100℃) organic synthesis are reviewed,including carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions,carbon-heteroatom bond-forming reactions,cycloaddition reaction,Mannich reaction and deprotection reaction.The prospective developing trends of the method are discussed.


Traditional Computer Science curriculum focuses on the training for logic reasoning and programming skills. System integration are often not covered in most computer science curricula. As the embedded platforms migrate from 8-bit microprocessors to 32-bit microprocessors, the engineers require different skills to design modern embedded systems. The Computer Science faculty at several universities in Taiwan have collaborate to design a new course to meet such needs. In this article, we report the design rationale and current status of this course.


Abstract We here describe a new species of Atractus from the Atlantic Forest of Alto Paraná Paraguay. The new species differs from other Atractus by the combination of the following characters: 17 dorsal scale rows without reduction, six supralabial and infralabial scales, only one post-ocular, a uniformly gray dorsum and a whitish belly with iridescent tonalities. The new species of Atractus is known only by the holotype which is a female specimen, and two paratypes. This is the third species of the genus recorded in Paraguay. Given the current status of the Atlantic Forest in Paraguay and in South America, the present species might be classified as highly threatened.


"A PLAYWRIGHT-UNLESS HE IS CREATING ESCAPIST ROMANCES (an honorable occupation, of course)-has two obligations: first, to make some statement about the condition of 'man' (as it is put) and, second, to make some statement about the nature of the art form with which he is working. In both instances he must attempt change. In the first instance- since very few plays are written to glorify the status quo-the playwright must try to alter his society; in the second instance-since art must move, or wither-the playwright must try to alter the forms within which his precursors have had to work." This excerpt from Albee's introduction to his "Two Inter-related Plays" summarizes a decade of his dramatic writing. Often, he blends the two obligations, trying to alter his society through alteration of his forms.


Cassette based computed radiography systems have continued to evolve in parallel with integrated, instant readout digital radiography DR systems. The image quality of present day computed radiography systems is approaching its theoretical limits but is still significantly inferior to DR. Our overall aim is to identify the fundamental limitations in computed radiography performance. This will provide a basis for the development of new approaches to improve photostimulable phosphor based computed radiography systems based either on cassettes or integrated systems. In this fundamental work flare has been evaluated by use of the disk transfer function. It is found that there is a significant, previously unnoticed low frequency drop in the modulation transfer function. However, it is not yet fully resolved if the measured flare is due solely to scattering of light in the readout system or whether scattered x-rays in the imaging plate cassette enhance it. Further work is necessary to resolve this issue. The likely effect of flare on proposed new computed radiography methods is also explored.


Purpose To examine whether vitrectomy combined with retinal photocoagulation reduces the vitreous level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods The authors measured VEGF levels in vitreous samples from four eyes of four patients with RVO during vitrectomy and fluid samples obtained during revitrectomy 3 to 9 months postoperatively for complications: an epiretinal membrane in two patients, macular holes in one patient, and vitreous hemorrhage in one patient. During vitrectomy, retinal photocoagulation was performed on the ischemic region of the retina in all cases (mean of 510 shots). Results In four eyes with RVO, there was a difference in the vitreous VEGF levels between the vitreous samples obtained during vitrectomy (mean of 2692 pg/mL, range of 15.6–9040 pg/mL) and the fluid samples obtained at the time of revitrectomy (mean of 947 pg/mL, range of 15.6–3430 pg/mL). Conclusions The results suggest that the vitreous levels of VEGF may be reduced by vitrectomy combined with retinal photocoagulation for macular edema with RVO. It may be important to reduce the vitreous levels of VEGF by vitrectomy and retinal photocoagulation for ischemic retina in macular edema with RVO.


On 19 December 2019 the Administrative and Labour Court of Szeged in Hungary referred a case for a preliminary ruling to the Court of Justice (CJEU). The case raises important questions regarding the conformity with EU law of the asylum and return procedures that the Hungarian authorities conduct at the border transit zone between Hungary and Serbia, at Röszke. In this blog I will explain some of the legal intricacies surrounding border procedures in transit zones under EU law. I will not deal with all of these complexities, but focus on the way in which these procedures relate to the fundamental right to personal liberty. My claim is that EU law sets clear and unambiguous constraints to the use of border procedures and accompanying measures of detention, much more so than general human rights law (see also Galina Cornelisse, (2016) ?Territory, Procedures and Rights: Border Procedures in European Asylum Law? Refugee Survey Quarterly, 35(1): 74?90). These constraints however are not well understood, let alone implemented, by all of the Member States, notably Hungary as the case at hand shows. Before I delve into border procedures and detention under EU law, I set out the facts of the case and explain the five questions referred.


The article deals with ethnic tolerance of law enforcement officials. The author considers it urgent to study the features of tolerant behavior of law enforcement officers as a basis for creating practical-oriented program with intent of their ethnic-psychological training.


FITNESS AND HEALTH T. Khosla, Ph.D. Dept. of Social and Occupational Medicine, Welsh National School of Medicine, Cardiff. T A B L E S The Editor regrets that, owing to his error in proof reading, the tables for Dr. Khosla's article, which appeared in Brit. Journ. Sports Med. 1V 4. pp 270-277, were inadvertently omitted, although frequent reference was made to them in the text. Our sincere apologies are tendered to our readers, and especially to Dr. Khosla.


Musical Environments is a guide to the world of sound and music - for people with or without musical backgrounds. This manual reveals an acoustic landscape - comprised of time, space, mass, structure, texture, energy and possibilities. It's a multi-disciplinary and sensory approach to perceiving and making music.
Special topics in Chapters: 1 (topic 1); 2 (topic 2); 3 (topic 1); 4 (topic 2); 6 (topic 1 & 2); 7 (topic 3,4,5 & 6); 8 (topic 1,2,3 & 5); 9 (topic 2); 12 (topic 2); 17 (topic 2); 18 (topic 1); Appendix 2; Audio Tracks on CD 18;23;27;29;41;51;57;


Despite the major significance of salt caverns for the storage of gases and liquids, the industry still has no generally acceptable concept available for the abandonment of caverns of this type. Therefore, when a cavern is shut down - whether for technical or economic reasons - the owner can therefore not be released from his longterm obligations to monitor the cavern in question. For many years, there was a fear that there was no longterm guarantee for the integrity ofa cavern which was filled with brine then sealed for abandonment. However, new theoretical and practical knowledge reveals that a longterm increase in pressure above lithostatic pressure as a result of convergence is improbable because the permeability ofthe evaporite at this stage increases dramatically. The consequence would therefore primarily be the penetration of brine into the rock mainly into the roof zone associated with a simultaneous stabilisation of salt pressure increase. Because of the extremely low convergence rates, the brine impregnation of the rock only takes place very slowly over very long periods of time. Planned RD reliable prognosis are however not currently possible.


In updated guidelines, the USPSTF concludes that there is still no adequate evidence of a mortality benefit from routine ovarian cancer screening using transvaginal ultrasonography or CA-125 testing.


Submitted for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Gas Adsorption Properties of Graphene-Oxide-Frameworks and Nanoporous Benzene-Boronic Acid Polymers JACOB BURRESS, JASON SIMMONS, NIST Center for Neutron Research, JAMIE FORD, TANER YILDIRIM, NIST Center for Neutron Research, University of Pennsylvania — There has been a recent resurgence in graphene oxide research as a potential route to large scale graphene synthesis. Recent research has also used dehydration reactions of boronic acids for the formation of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and other new nanoporous materials. We are trying to synthesize graphene-oxide-frameworks (GOFs) by linking the OH groups on graphene oxide with benzene-boronic acids. Our initial x-ray studies indicate that the benzene-boronic acids are successfully incorporated into graphene-oxide (GO) layers expanding the interlayer spacing up to 12 Ang. We also found that the amorphous phases of bare dehydrated benzeneboronic acid polymers (amorphous borocarbons, ABCs) show quite interesting and unusual hydrogen adsorption behavior. The diffusion of hydrogen into the sample is thermally activated. While there is no adsorption at 30 K, the rate of excess adsorption increases with increasing temperature up to 70 K. We will present detailed high-pressure isotherms of H2/CO2/Methane at different temperatures of these interesting new GOF materials and dehydrated boronic acid polymers.


Medical laboratory accreditation with ISO 15189 has brought up concerns from various interest parties in China. It is a common concern for both Accreditation Body (AB) and Medical Laboratory (ML) on how to ensure and improve the accreditation work scientifically and effectively. It will help us to find a way to solve the problem and to find the right way for the development of the medical laboratory accreditation if we study the drafting, implementation and apphcation of the international standards which found the basis of the accreditation scheme. This article will give the reader a brief introduction of the ISO/ TC212, which is the technical committee of international standard organization responsible for drafting and revising ISO 15189, medical laboratory accreditation related international standard documents, and the recent status and the future development of the medical laboratory accreditation in China. We hope this article can give some information for the medical laboratory stuffs and the professionals in laboratory medicine on their research work of the technique and the trend of development in medical laboratory management and medical laboratory accreditation.

Key words:
Clinical laboratory techniques; Reference standards; Total quality management


In this report the integration policy of the municipality of Enschede and especially the additionally offered guide project is analysed. The integration policy focuses on participation in society of immigrants. The municipality works with a participation ladder and has the ambition to let immigrants reach a higher level on the participation ladder than they start with. After completion of the integration course an immigrant should at least have achieved the starting level 'citizenship' and if possible the ultimate goal should be paid work. Citizenship means that someone can cope by him self in society. In the summer of 2008 a guide project has started to coach immigrants. In a guiding track the immigrant can develop his language skills, acquire knowledge of the city of Enschede and broaden his network. The municipality hopes to contribute with the project to the participation of an immigrant


Abstract Purpose: The semi-quantitative Brody score measures the severity of cystic fibrosis (CF)-related lung disease. We investigated the short-term (28 – 60 days) and long-term (2 – 7 years) intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of the Brody score in low-dose multidetector row computed tomography examinations performed in inspiration (LDCTs) of adult CF patients. Materials and Methods: Composite Brody scores and respective underlying bronchiectasis, mucus plugging, peribronchial thickening, parenchymal opacity, and hyperinflation subscores were evaluated twice (time interval, 1 – 84 months) by each of 3 independent radiologists (1 – 20 years of professional diagnostic radiology experience) in LDCTs (4 – 64 rows, 120 KVp, 10 – 15 mAs/slice, CTDIw approx. 1.0 mGy, effective dose approx. 0.5 mSv) of 15 adult patients with CF-related lung disease (8 female, 7 male, age, 18 – 50 years, mean, 33 years). Results: The average reproducibility of the Brody score was within +/–7 % (range, 2 – 30 %) between radiologists, and +/–6 % (3 – 12 %) within radiologists (short-term, 28 – 60 days, 4 %, 0 – 12 %, long-term, 2 – 7 years, 12 %, 1 – 36 %). For the different subscores, the reproducibility was within +/–25 % (15 – 41 %) between radiologists and +/–23 % (12 – 46 %) within radiologists. Conclusion: The Brody score shows high average inter-observer reproducibility in LDCTs of adult CF patients. The Brody score also demonstrates high average intra-observer reproducibility if subsequent assessments are made within 28 – 61 days. With time intervals of 2 – 7 years between subsequent evaluations, however, intra-observer reproducibility decreases. Respective subscores each demonstrate lower intra- and inter-observer reproducibility than does the composite Brody score. Citation Format: Weber K, Paolini M, Schmitz M et al. Cystic Fibrosis in Adults: Short-Term and Long-Term Reproducibility of the Brody Score for Lung Morphology in Low-Dose MDCT Scans. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2014; 186: 54 – 60


We exploit the knowledge of the entanglement spectrum in the ground state of the gapped XXZ spin chain to derive asymptotic exact results for the full counting statistics of the transverse magnetisation in a large spin block of length ℓ. We found that for a subsystem of even length the full counting statistics is Gaussian, while for odd subsystems it is the sum of two Gaussian distributions. We test our analytic predictions with accurate tensor networks simulations. As a byproduct, we also obtain the symmetry (magnetisation) resolved entanglement entropies.


3,4-Difluoro-2-methoxyphenol was prepared with Mg,B(OCH3)3 and H2O2 from 3,4-difluoro-2-methoxybromobenzene in -30 ℃.Four ester liquid crystal compounds were synthesized by esterification. The structures of liquid crystal compounds were confirmed by IR,1H NMR,and MS,the phase transition temperature was measured by DSC.


Controlled inhibition of the enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), one of the most important enzymes of the antioxidant defense system of aerobic organisms, is the subject of this paper. It is desirable in several noted medical and agricultural applications. This paper describes the synthesis of a very limited "sublibrary" of bifunctional metal chelators. The first function is the metal chelator DTC (sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (Et2DTC)), which has the sole chemical function of specific metal binding. An amphiphile (more precisely, an oligoether) is the second function and has a sole physical function:  changing the physical properties of the molecule. The paper discusses novel copper chelators with variable amphiphilic properties:  disubstituted dithiocarbamates (DTCs, R1(CH2CH2O)2NR2CS2Na) with one alkyl (R2 = hexyl, octyl, decyl, or dodecyl) and one oligoether (R1(CH2CH2O)2, where R1 = Et or Bu) substituent. The octanol−water distribution ratios of the dithiocarbamates (partition measurements by t...


Internal security system of India is paramount to defend our country from enemies that come in form of physical persons, armament weapons, commercial interests, ideologies and plain misguided regimes like Pakistan and few other foreign powers. Enemies of India are not only territorial but also economic, ideological and other negative interests.


A wireless communication device can determine its position in accordance with a distributed positioning mechanism. The wireless communication device can detect positioning control messages exchanged between independent pairs of access points in a wireless communication network. The wireless communication device can determine position information associated with each access point of each of the pairs of access points and timing information associated with the pairs of access points based, at least in part, on the detected positioning control messages. The position of the wireless communication device can then be calculated based, at least in part, on the position information and the timing information associated with the pairs of access points.


In this paper we analyze numerical methods for the solution of the large scale dynamical system E\dot{y}(t)=Ay(t)+g(t),Y(t_{0})=y_{0} , where E and A are matrices, possibly singular. Systems of this type have been referred to as implicit systems and more recently as descriptor systems since they arise from formulating system equations in physical variables. Special cases of such systems are algebraic-differential systems. We discuss the numerical advantages of this formulation and identify a class of numerical integration algorithms which have accuracy and stability properties appropriate to descriptor systems and which preserve structure, detect nonsolvable systems, resolve initial value consistency problems, and are applicable to "stiff" descriptor systems. We also present an algorithm for the control of the local truncation error on only the state variables.


In this demo, we demonstrate the usage of fluorescent lighting for temporal and spatial designs. The design leverages the fact that the fluorescent light intensity changes with a stable period, which can serve as both a global time reference and an indoor environment indicator. In the temporal domain, we focus on achieving a consistent time among different nodes without communications. In the spatial domain, nodes can acquire the knowledge of the ambient indoor/outdoor environment utilizing the periodical pattern, which is useful for WiFi-AP searching, GPS on/off switching, etc. Finally, we demonstrate a duty-cycled sampling design can largely improve the device lifetime without a significant performance compromise.


The security of online payment system includes transaction data security and network security.The safety means should be all-around,multiple level.A variety of security measures should be adopted for server,client and data transmission link,such as security area division of the system architecture,application of safety equipment,transaction signature,applica tion of dynamic token.The use of various safety measures can effectively ensure the security of online payment system,so as to provide safe,fast online payment service.