I. HISTORY, STRUCTURE, AND LEGAL STATUS OF THE OLYMPIC MOVEMENT II. DOPING AND THE GRAVE DANGER TO THE OLYMPIC MOVEMENT III. THE COURT OF ARBITRATION FOR SPORT IV. CONCLUSION I. HISTORY, STRUCTURE, AND LEGAL STATUS OF THE OLYMPIC MOVEMENT When Baron Pierre de Coubertin launched the modern Olympic Movement in the late nineteenth century he probably never expected the Olympic Movement to grow to 205 National Olympic Committees, which would enter 10,500 women and men to compete in 304 events from 28 sports. (1) Coubertin never anticipated the need for anti-doping rules or a court of arbitration with an expedited appeals court which would be a part of conducting the Games. Today's athlete must negotiate a complex set of rules governing doping. Every National Olympic Committee (NOC), every International Federation (IF), and every athlete who competes in a world championship or Olympic Games must agree to abide by the World Anti-Doping Code. In addition, the NOCs, the IFs, and their athletes are subject to the rules of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). All of these rules are subject to changes, and, in fact, in the fast moving world of doping control, are constantly being revised. How did this great celebration of human excellence become a scientific and legal playground? And, what international legal mechanisms are in place to govern this brave new world? The IOC grew out of a congress in Paris in 1894 convened by Coubertin to discuss the future of the amateur sports movement. (2) The meeting took place at the Sorbonne University. (3) The list of invitees included seventy-eight men from nine countries. (4) The congress had several agenda items. The possibility of creating a modern version of the ancient Olympic Games was the last item listed, but it was the one that forever changed the face of modern sport. (5) The Paris Congress laid the groundwork for what later became known as the Olympic Charter and the creation of the IOC. (6) The IOC exists as a Swiss association. (7) Under that legal status, the association is able to set up its own rules and regulations governing all actions of the association. (8) The ruling document is now called the Olympic Charter. (9) There have been many changes to this document over the years. The most recent review was carried out in 2004. (10) As a result of that work, many references are made to documents that are outside of the Charter and have been given controlling authority. Examples of this are the rules and regulations of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), the World Anti-Doping Code, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), and the many handbooks created to assist in the organization and operation of the Olympic Games. (11) The Olympic Charter can be amended only by the Session, which is the name given to the annual meeting of the IOC. (12) There is typically one IOC Session per year, although the IOC President may call an Extraordinary Session as necessary. (13) The IOC has an Executive Board (EB), which acts between the Sessions and has full authority to make decisions in areas outlined in the Charter. (14) The EB meets at least four times a year, and there is no limit on the number of times it meets. (15) There are also twenty-one commissions with a variety of portfolios. (16) The commissions act in an advisory capacity to the EB. (17) The Sessions are scheduled to be held at a host city selected at least four years in advance of the meeting date. (18) In an Olympic Games year, the Session meets before the Olympic Games at the site of the Olympic Games. (19) The NOCs may propose a city in their country to host the Session in non-Olympic Games years. (20) The selection of the host city is made by the Session, just as the Session decides which candidate city shall host the Olympic Games. (21) It is necessary to understand the relationship of the various organizations that have been introduced in this paper. …


Abstract This article analyzes the collimation behavior of a wire medium devoted to magnetic resonance imaging. In the first part, the point-spread function of a doubly infinite wire medium is analyzed for the magnetic field with the help of the array scanning method. In the second part, we present two methods to evaluate the field transmission by the wire medium based on the measure of the magnetic field computed with the method of moments. Simulation results obtained with the MoM are shown. This behavior is validated in the third part with experimental results obtained with a magnetic resonance imaging instrument at the University Hospital of Liége with a straight-wires collimator. Both simulation and experimental results confirm the ability of the wire medium to transfer electromagnetic fields in magnetic resonance imaging operational conditions.


Although gaze is an attractive modality for pervasive interaction, real-world implementation of eye-based interfaces poses significant challenges. In particular, user calibration is tedious and time consuming. Pursuits is an innovative interaction technique that enables truly spontaneous interaction with eye-based interfaces. A user can simply walk up to the screen and readily interact with moving targets. Instead of being based on gaze location, Pursuits correlates eye pursuit movements with objects dynamically moving on the interface.


PURPOSE: A heat fusion jig and a heat fusion method using the same are provided to reduce the total fusion time by cooling and re-heating only the pressing unit of the jig. CONSTITUTION: A heat fusion jig(1) for fusion of two parts comprises a heating unit(2) and a pressing unit(3). The heating unit includes a heater. The pressing unit is attached and detached to one side of the heating unit, and has a shape corresponding to the joint surface of the first part(4) and the second part(5). The first part has a hole and the second part surrounds the hole.


The main objective of this paper is to explore the determinants of private consumption volatility in India. While considerable effort has been expended on the examining the relationship between growth and volatility, we focus on financial repression and private consumption volatility in India. Using annual time series data, the results show that the implementation of financial repressionist policies are strongly associated with lower consumption volatility in India. The results remain robust after controlling for a wide range of macroeconomic shocks and variables. Additional analysis which involves examining each component of private consumption provides further evidence to support this finding. The presence of a threshold effect suggests that the benefits of financial openness in dampening consumption volatility can only be reaped when India becomes sufficiently liberalized.


One of the weaknesses regarding teaching languages for specific purposes (particularly French) is the low number -or the lack- of books covering the needs in this field. This shortage can be overcome with the use of real documents that can provide a more usual and realistic context for the language being studied. This paper analyses several types of real documents that can be used (according to the degree of formalization) and approaches the different varieties of translation as a pedagogical resource to be applied in the field of languages for specific purposes.


In the recent years due to increase and developed in Transportation facility in India have created excessive Noise pollution. Transportation and horn used in vehicle are the major source of noise pollution which is displeasing the activity or balance of human and animal life. Noise health effects are both health and behavioral in nature. Noise can damage physiological and psychological health of Human being. Noise pollution can cause annoyance and aggression, hypertension, high stress levels, hearing loss, sleep disturbances. Amravati is second largest and very important city in Vidharbha region. As Amravati is developing area and a good education centre there is a rapid urbanization and alarming growth of population is causing serious environmental problems. Noise is one of the environmental problems that uncomforts in daily life. The objective of this paper is to study the noise level values for exceed the standards set by the central pollution control board and, to investigate the various noise parameters at Silence Zone.


Although this report relates to a project that has been funded by the Australian Research Council (ARC), it builds on 16 years of intermittent interest in the Eveleigh railway workshops. My first contact with this site occurred in 1983 because of its association with ihe NSW General Strike of 1917, which was the subject of my Honours thesis. Later, during my PhD research, I focused more attention on Eveleigh because it offered a good case for investigating how scientific management was diffused in NSW prior to 1921. Why have I now decided to make these workshops the centrepiece of a major project? In part, my choice responds to the growing interest in space and place. But probably the greatest influence comes from my involvement with the conservation of Eveleigh's material heritage and the desire to draw broader attention to its cultural significance, particularly as an icon of labour history. The Eveleigh workshops were built between 1880 and 1886 and operated until 1989. During this time, the site provided employment for tens of thousands of workers, while its operations touched the lives of hundreds of thousands of people mainly because it provided what Stan Jones, the Secretary of the Eveleigh Sub-Branch of the Australian Railways Union, referred to as the 'heart of the NSW Transport System'.1 Eveleigh was not, however, simply central to the State's railway infrastructure. It also had a profound impact on the labour movement. Its employees participated in the Eight Hour campaigns, provided the foot soldiers and leaders for the Labor Party and raised substantial funds for its election campaigns. According to Stan Jones, it was at Eveleigh that the Railway Shop Committee Movement had its genesis in 1926.2 Where are these workshops and what makes them significant? Located approximately four kilometres south of the Sydney General Post Office and approximately 51 hectares in size, the Eveleigh precinct is bounded by the inner city suburbs of Darlington, Redfern, Alexandria, Erskinville and Newtown, running from Redfern Station in the northeast to Erskinville and MacDonaldtown Stations


[Objective] To evaluate the effects of left or right stellate ganglion block during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients of coronary artery disease. [Methods] Thirty patients, ASA grade Ⅱ~Ⅲ, with coronary heart disease undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy from Novermber 2005 to August 2006 were selected and divided randomly into group L-SGB, group R-SGB and group control, 10 cases in each. Left or right atellate ganglion block was done in group A or B before anesthesia. Mean artery pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured respectively at pre-SGB (T0), 10 minutes after SGB(T1), tracheal intubation (T2), 5 minutes after intubation (T3). Cardiac troponin I (CTnI) of venous blood was measured at T0 and 4 hours after operation (T4) respectively. [Results] HR at T1 in group R-SGB had statistic significance with that at T0 (P 0.05), MAP and HR at T2 in all groups were different with them at T0 (P 0.05). MAP and HR at T2 in group A and B had a significant difference with control group (P 0.05). CTnI at T4 in all groups were different with that at T0 (P 0.05). CTnI in group L-SGB and group R-SGB changed at T4 with significant difference with group control(P 0.05), and there were also difference in both SGB groups (P 0.05). [Conclusions] Right stellate ganglion block can reduce HR of patient with coronary artery disease; Left and right stellate ganglion block can protect myocardia of the patients with coronary heart disease during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the former is better than the latter.


Patients (PTS) with pulmonary atresia (PA) subjectively may have increased exercise (EX) tolerance after 1st stage (RV to Pul. Art. conduit placement without VSD closure) or 2nd stage (RV to Pul. Art. conduit and VSD closure) repair. To measure precisely the degree of EX intolerance in PTS with PA and to assess improvement of EX tolerance after operation 10 PTS preop, 4 PTS after 1st stage and 7 PTS after 2nd stage repair performed graded cycle ergometry. The groups were similar in sex, age, ht. and BSA. As percent predicted, total work performed (P< 0.005), maximal power (P<0.01) and EX time (P<0.001) increased following either 1st or 2nd stage repair. EX performance was similar for PTS after 1st and 2nd stage repair. Resting and exercise blood pressures were similar among the three groups. As percent predicted, resting heart rate (HR) was lower (P<0.02) after 1st or 2nd stage repair than preop. Maximum EX HR was highest after 2nd stage repair (P<0.05). Both resting and EX oxygen saturation increased with degree of repair (P<0.05). Resting, respiratory rate, minute ventilation (Ve), oxygen uptake (VO2) and Ve/VO2 were similar among the groups. EX Ve and VO2 were greater (P<0.001 and Ve/VO2 less (P<0.001) for the two postop groups than the preop group.Graded cycle ergometry is a useful technique to evaluate the impact of surgery on congenital heart disease. By it we demonstrated that both 1st and 2nd stage repair of PA improves cardiorespiratory response to exercise and exercise tolerance.


Vocational education has a significant role to play in dropout prevention because studies show a positive correlation between involvement in vocational education and school completion. Students involved in vocational education are more likely to be involved in school-sponsored activities that help them shape goals for themselves and the future. At-risk students (potential dropouts) should be especially targeted for vocational education programs that can prepare them for a decent future. A federally sponsored research report lists these six strategies for dealing with dropouts: intervene early, create a positive school climate, set high expectations, select and develop strong teachers, provide a broad range of instructional programs, and initiate collaborative efforts. A national survey shows that vocational classrooms provide more educational experiences similar to dropout prevention programs than do academic classrooms. Vocational classrooms are more student-centered, more activity-based, and more individualized than other classrooms. (CML)


Thymus from three clinically healthy 12-month-old age nutria were collected and histologically processed. Microscopic examination showed that the thymus contains numerous Hassall's corpuscles in various stages of development, from very small (10-15 μm), composed of 1-2 degenerate reticuloepithelial cells, to very large corpuscles (sometimes exceeding 500 μm). In nutria, the genesis of Hassall's corpuscles is more rapid than in most mammals. The corpuscles showed extended polymorphism, from round corpuscles to very particular forms, even odd, in some cases. The degenerated reticulo-epithelial cells represent the starting point in Hassall's corpuscles formation. They ensure the growth of Hassall's corpuscles and their adhesion to the reticulo-epithelial network, as well as the binding of two or more adjacent corpuscles. In a more advanced stage, increase in size of the joint corpuscles reduce the separating spaces up to absence, resulting corpuscles that appear like entities of 5-10 joint corpuscles, in different stages of organization. The fast genesis of Hassall's corpuscles and inter corpuscular binding by means of degenerate reticulo-epithelial cells causes the particular polymorphism of these corpuscles with nutria.


In this study, the relationship between the defect structure and the magnetic behavior of La-doped CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated systematically. The doping level ranged from 0% to 15%. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and Raman spectroscopy were utilized to investigate the electronic structure of these NPs. It was found that the content of oxygen vacancies increased upon doping with La. The major oxygen vacancy defect structure was M3+–VO–M3+ (M = Ce or La) in lightly doped NPs, whereas it changed to La3+–VO–La3+ as the doping level reached 7%. Scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM/EELS) analysis showed that, in the La-doped NPs, both the dopant (La3+) and Ce3+ were distributed rather homogeneously within the NPs, which is different from the behavior in other doped ceria materials, including Y-, Sm-, and Cr-doped cerias, for which strong interactions among the surface, trivalent cerium, and dopant have been reported. The distinct dist...


tn t.his study, a questionnaire was administered to student Teachers and their teacher educators with the aim of gnthering intbrmntion thut cttn be used te improve and stremgthen the tetiching praetice program. 'I'he data were analyzed to make clear what t'actors aid teaehers and student teachers when they are engaged in activities at the overall preparatory stages ot' instructiona] design.(1) Using tactor-una]ysis, we extracted ttRd interpreted 13 fuctors such as teucher's munuu]s tbr textbooks, organization ot' teaching, encouragement, and rettdiness, among others, After considering the correspundence between the extrticted factors und the scripts of instructional design and preparatory activities, the t'actors were arranged and classified us follows: a) int.erpretation ttnd understanding ot' teaching materiuls (teacher"s manuals tbr the textbooks, textbooks); b) presentation (concretization) of teaching materials (eneourngement, response und reply, studies of' tenching muterials, learning uctivities); e) structure of the teaching process (strueture ei'te"ching, simulution); und so on. (2) W'hi}e enguged in instruetiontt] design, student teachers make use of' only ubservable and prominent uids whi]e teaehers, on the other httnd, use 1tttent as well as observable aids in the whole process ot' teaching. Furthermore, t.here are common churucLeristics in terms oi' the kind ef school, Namely, elementary scheo] teachers und student teuchers put emphtisis on the predictubility ei' chi]dren's letirning activities, while junior high school teaehers and student teachers place great importunce en how te expluin the centents ot' each subject. (3) The aids used by student teaehers in each region and school are alflected by their advisors there. (4) At the beginning of their teaching prot'essien, teaehers design instruction by tbcusjng on presentation (concretization) of tettching materiHls. As they hecome meTe experieneed, they learn to make substantial and ,worthwhile classes, going through almost all ot' the tbllowing processes: a) understanding the learners, b) structuring the teaching proeess, and c) adjusting and censiderimg issues through (concrete) tria1 clusses. These prouesses uru a]1 included in the scripts of instructiontt] design.


Computer simulation is used in a behavioural training programme to effect changes in behaviour and managerial style. Role‐playing by team members, such as leadership, assuming technical responsibilities and business roles is also described. The groups are required to identify critical issues and illustrate the way decisions are negotiated.


A previously unnoticed error in archival data led astronomers to the signal that turned out to be a small planet circling the nearest star to the Sun.


Abstract The oxidation of iodide to iodine by nitrous acid in aqueous acidic medium takes place catalytically in the presence of dissolved oxygen and can be followed spectrophotometrically at 288 and 352 nm. An indirect molar absorptivity for nitrite on the basis of I3 − formation can be as high as 8.5×105 L mol−1 cm−1 at 288 nm. Analytical curves were established. The iodine released in the catalytic cycle can also be titrated with thiosulfate. The reaction is pseudo–second‐order in oxygen consumed, with t1/2=15.7 min at 25°C. A rate determining step could be the NO · O2 as the activated species. Measurements of the iodine formed at catalytic conditions was used to determine nitrite in meat extracts and NOx in car exhausts.


A phenomenological model of X-ray variability of accreting black holes is considered, where the variable emission is attributed to multiple active regions/perturbations moving radially towards the central black hole. The hard X-rays are produced by inverse Compton upscattering of soft photons coming from reprocessing/thermalization of the same hard X-rays. The heating rate of the Comptonizing plasma is assumed to scale with the rate of dissipation of gravitational energy while the supply of soft photons is assumed to diminish towards the centre. Two scenarios are considered: (1) an inner hot flow with outer truncated standard accretion disc and (2) an accretion disc with an active corona and a thick hot ionized skin. A variant of the model is also considered, which is compatible with the currently discussed multi-Lorentzian description of power spectral densities of X-ray light curves. In the inner hot flow scenario the model can reproduce the observed Fourier frequency resolved spectra observed in X-ray binaries, in particular the properties of the reprocessed component as functions of Fourier frequency. In the accretion disc with ionized skin scenario the reduction of soft photons owing to the ionized skin is insufficient to produce the observed characteristics.


Worldwide events are swiftly presenting increasingly complex challenges to the international air transportation industry. This conference will confront some of these challenges in a search for ideas that will serve as a firm stepping stone into the future.


Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to analyze the degree of similarity among two Egyptian Artemia strains (Wadi El Natrun and El-Max) together with a commercially popular U.S.A strain (San Francisco Bay). Discriminate analyses of morphometric characters and laboratory tests for reproductive isolation were performed to investigate whether the conclusions drawn from traditional comparative tools are congruent with the pattern of genetic divergence detected by DNA markers. Correlation coefficients between the DNA banding patterns were calculated; these served as input values for the construction of a UPGMA dendrogram (Unweighted Pair- Group Method with Arithmetic Mean Average). RAPD analysis showed a reliable and reproducible differentiation between the three examined Artemia isolates. There was good agreement of some morphometric aspects for isolation, such as the length of first antennae, distance between compound eyes, the general shape (ventral view) and width of the brood pouch, % of abdomen length/total length and length of furca. Discrimination based on morphometric characters separated A. tunisiana (Wadi EL- Natrun strain) from the other two populations (El-Max and San Francisco Bay strain). While El- Max strain was genetically demonstrated to be different from the San Francisco Bay strains and very distinct from it, despite they showed considerable biometric similarities. The same was true, accumulative proximity matrix showed 96% similarity between Wadi El-Natrun and San Francisco Bay strains, despite the evident morphometric differences between them. Hybridization tests supported the concept of strain isolation. (Journal of American Science 2010; 6(2): 98-107). (ISSN: 1545-1003).


In order to promote the leapfrog development of Yunnan plateau-characteristic-agriculture,Yunnan province government made decision of vigorously developing manor economy.This caused a big construction boom of manor.However,unclear thinking,unknown characteristic,serious homogenization and lacking visual appeal in the process of construction,restrain the construction and development level of manor to some extent.Meanwhile,it brings some hidden troubles in local resources and ecological environment.Upon the analyzed of the present situation of the manor construction,some solutions to these problems were put forward,which hope to further advance sustained and healthy development of manor economy in Yunnan.These solutions are in-depth investigation and research,formulating supplementary measures and moderate control speed of development.


Quality of bull ejaculates in connection with individual and breed features were studied. It was found that examined bulls characterised by volume of ejaculate 4,3±0,18 ml, concentration of spermatozoa 1,09±0,11×109/ml, their mobility 7,4±0,16 points, survival at temperature +2 +4°С 110,5 ± 5,70 hours, activity of суtochromoxydasa36,7 ± 2,66 points/(h • 0,1 ml S). Among the studied indexes the most variable is concentation of spermatozoa (CV=86,7) and activity of суtochromoxydasa (СV=80,1), less variable are volume of ejaculate and spermatozoa mobility (CV=37,1 44,1). Variability of studied indexes is determined by their data values in first and second ejaculate, which were obtained consistently, and in different days, individual features


Summary:  Purpose: Many children with refractory epilepsy can achieve better seizure control with surgical therapy. An abnormality on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), along with corroborating localization by other modalities, markedly increases chances of successful surgical outcome. We studied the impact of high‐resolution MRI on the surgical outcome of intractable epilepsy.


Recent ROSAT surveys suggest that galaxies can constitute the new class of faint sources required to explain the full phenomenology of the cosmic X-ray background (XRB). To test this hypothesis without resorting to optical identifications, we compute the two-point cross-correlation function (CCF) estimator Wxg(θ) between 62 Einstein IPC fields (0.81-3.5 keV) and the APM Northern Galaxy Catalog (13.5 < E < 19.0). At zero lag (θ = 0), we detect a 3.5 σ correlation signal with an amplitude of Wxg(0) = 0.045 ± 0.013. This signal passes a series of control tests. At non-zero lag (θ > 0), the angular dependence of Wxg has two main features: the main signal for θ ≲ 4', and an almost flat plateau with an amplitude of Wxg(θ ≳ 4') ≃ 0.015. When fields with galaxy clusters as Einstein targets are removed, the plateau virtually disappears, and the zero-lag amplitude becomes Wxg(0) = 0.029 ± 0.013. We develop a simple, two-dimensional formalism to interpret the CCF that takes into account the point-spread function of the imaging X-ray detector. Three distinct effects can produce a correlation signal: the X-ray emission from galaxies themselves, the clustering of galaxies with discrete X-ray sources, and the clustering of galaxies with diffuse X-ray emission. It is likely that the plateau at large angles is due to the last effect through the residual diffuse X-ray emission from clusters of galaxies. We do not detect any significant clustering between discrete X-ray sources and galaxies. Using only the fields with noncluster targets, we find that the mean X-ray intensity of APM galaxies in the 0.81-3.5 keV band is (2.2 ± 1.1) × 10-6 counts s-1 arcmin-2, corresponding to 1.5% ± 0.8% of the XRB intensity. The mean X-ray flux of galaxies with ⟨E⟩ = 17.5 ± 0.3 is then (8.1 ± 4.7) × 10-16 ergs s-1 cm-2. This agrees within 1 σ with the X-ray flux expected from earlier direct studies of brighter, nearby galaxies, which were shown to result in a total integrated galaxy contribution to the XRB of about 13%. We discuss how this powerful cross-correlation method can be used to measure the flux of X-ray sources well below the detection limit of X-ray instruments and, perhaps, to probe otherwise undetectable faint diffuse X-ray emission.


Arirang of the Korean race is the traditional symbol miscarriage which the Republic of Korea is representative. Arirang is applied with symbol from Ties above these three kind layers on Culture of time, the culture which is living, culture of tradition. Arirang keeps the universality and a peculiarity of national culture miscarriage. The situation which Arirang is special with Ararei will be able to search from same area folk song. Ararei oral narrations Taebaek people from example live from that place and they come and from they confront and is new life explaining of playing. Sometimes with the healing tool which mitigates a grudge, sometimes with the playing tool which saves a new life, sometimes with the self-consolation tool which comes from the walk of life activity of among the mountains is difficult that this variety being used was. Must save this circle. Respect this to Taebaek city the preservation plan and the support book must follow. And important pushes of the area people where is a center of sound. Features of Taebaek area folk song are being rustic and actual adaptability. Must extract the quality of Taebaek folk songs. So as tradition cultures of Taebaek area only wiJI not be able to emphasize a identity. Taebaek Ararei the bird being used is various. The function of folk song with life of the area peoples are nearest. Taebaek area folk songs is the center in Taebaek-mountain. Does so and is governed in flaming arrow walk of life of Namhan-river and Nakdong-river high-level among the mountains cultures. So created images of Taebaek. Work folk song tradition galpulsseori songs. Ceremony folk song is distinguishing Taebaek features indirectly. Amusement folk song becomes known Arari songs and Saseuraengi songs. The ballad singer of the area is not conscious from native place element. However Native place characteristic are reflected to the acoustic editorial of song site naturally. Jeong Yeon-sik, Kim Byeong-yeon and Park Sun-gil, ballad singer of Jeon Bok-nam etc. calls with Taebaek and tone and window music. Cheoram and Jangseong genealogy there was not an aborigine song which is with the relationship which is a coal mine area. Remains the sound which comes in from the different area. To editorial or window music was Jeongseon-Arari and Samcheok-Menari elements were many. The people who remembers an old song was not many. Ararei-song and Saseuraengi-song is this region public opinion old song. It is a very old thing in Kangwon-do folk song. Im Bo-mo and Mun Hwa-ok, Geum Seok-bun etc. is to be Ararei last function-professional. In order to receive Ararei with Taebaek-city 21st century cultural heritage resources value guarantee the effort of the relation area leader, the initiate and cultural planning person etc. is demanded. Does to sell Ararei together in Taebaek-city productive goods. Ararei application plans allover must be discussed from the side which is a utility. Jeongseon area transitions must divide. The preservation book which Ararei is active is to creative practice. Is not Taebaek-city exception in the knowledge information society which changes. Taebaek people tradition the cultural heritage of the themselves must endeavor emphasize a point from like this situation. In the center Ararei Preservation meeting does connecting the relation agency. Does so Cultural theory area continuously does to activate culturally.


Ikram Ashari. Analysis of Factors Affecting Consumer Decisions Shopping in Islamic Equipment Stores (Study at Samarinda Blessing Light Shop) . This research was under the guidance of Mr. Zainal Ilmi as Advisor I and Mrs. Siti Maria as Counselor II. This study aims to determine the effect of Products on Decisions, to determine the effect of Prices on Consumer Decisions Shopping at Samarinda Blessing Light Shop. The method of data collection in this study uses a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The technique of determining the sample in this study was carried out using Accidental Sampling techniques. For this reason, the researchers took 100 consumers of Toko Cahaya Berkah Samarinda to be sampled in this study. The hypothesis test used in this study is Multiple Linear Regression using SPSS 23.0 Software. The results of this study indicate that Product has a positive and significant effect on consumers' decision to shop at Toko Cahaya Berkah Samarinda and Price has a positive and significant effect on consumer decisions to shop at Cahaya Berkah Samarinda Shop.


Loan resolution through the execution of a security interest by title guarantee executorial implemented by involving the courts. The process of settlement is done by banks as creditors without filing a lawsuit first. Banking immediately submit the petition to the Chairman of the local District Court. In the petition Execution Mortgage, the petitioner (creditors) must attach the documents as a condition of submission of application execution. The execution of the object Mortgage guarantee in practice often fought on the basis of unclear legal status object ownership guarantees, or the amount of debt that is uncertain (fix). In some cases it was found that the resolution of bad loans through the execution of the object of the guarantee Encumbrance by title executorial obstacles and takes a long time. In Decision No. 383/Pdt.G/2008/PN.Jkt.Bar. found that it takes approximately four (4) years (October 1, 2007 to 10 November 2011) for the creditor to execute a guarantee Encumbrance. This fact is certainly not in line with the objectives of UUHT, one of which states that the execution Encumbrance implemented easily and surely. Keyword: Resistance, Execution, Encumbrance


Abstract: The chapter reviews the history, physical and chemical properties, antimicrobial spectrum, mode of action, assay, safety, legislation, and current and potential uses as natural biological preservatives of nisin, natamycin, and undefined fermentates.


We present the lens mass model of the quadruply-imaged gravitationally lensed quasar WFI2033 − 4723, and perform a blind cosmographical analysis based on this system. Our analysis combines (1) time-delay measurements from 14 yr of data obtained by the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses (COSMOGRAIL) collaboration, (2) high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope imaging, (3) a measurement of the velocity dispersion of the lens galaxy based on ESO-MUSE data, and (4) multi-band, wide-field imaging and spectroscopy characterizing the lens environment. We account for all known sources of systematics, including the influence of nearby perturbers and complex line-of-sight structure, as well as the parametrization of the light and mass profiles of the lensing galaxy. After unblinding, we determine the effective time-delay distance to be $4784_{-248}^{+399}~\mathrm{Mpc}$, an average precision of $6.6{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. This translates to a Hubble constant $H_{0} = 71.6_{-4.9}^{+3.8}~\mathrm{km~s^{-1}~Mpc^{-1}}$, assuming a flat ΛCDM cosmology with a uniform prior on Ωm in the range [0.05, 0.5]. This work is part of the H0 Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring (H0LiCOW) collaboration, and the full time-delay cosmography results from a total of six strongly lensed systems are presented in a companion paper (H0LiCOW XIII).


ABsTRAGr.-Most paleoenvironmental studies based upon archaeological vertebrates have relied either upon simple presence/absence studies of environmentally sensitive taKa, or have quantified the abundances of all taxa present, to inferenvironmentalchange. It is argued that it is extremely hazardous to approach paleoenvironmental reconstruction through counts of taxonomic abundance because: ]) the units available for counting taxonomicabundance, and our understanding of the processes which transform a pile of deceased animals into a faunal collection, are not such as to allo'\\' a demonstration that the numbers provided by abundance counts have any known relationship to the num ber of animals in the original pile, and, 2) we rarely, if ever, have any notion of the relationship between the quantitative structure of the living populations from which the sample was drawn andabout which we are trying to make inferences, and the archaeological sample itself. It is concluded that only studies which treat taxa as attributes, and not as variables, can routinely be treated as valid. Other major difficulties presented by archaeological vertebrates in paleoecological reconstruction are reviewed, with special emphasis placed upon hazards encountered in presence/absence studies.


Objective To explore the management of transfusion room in out-patient department in order to meet the demands of medical market and increase patients' satisfaction.Methods Five group leaders were selected from 20 nurses in the transfusion room.The nurses were divided into five groups.The group leaders' responsibilities were to solve the difficult cases of venepuncture,to provide skills training for the young nurses and participate in the nursing quality control cooperated with the head nurse.Results The patients' satisfaction increased from 83.13% to 95.63% and the patients' compliant decreased from 0.45% to 0.29%.The success rate of venepuncture by young nurses increased from 88.51% to 95.95%.Conclusions This management system can effectively prevent nursing disputes caused by venepuncture,train the young nurses and improve the general quality of nursing staff.


YouTube users have access to the powerful data collection tool, Insight. Insight allows YouTube content producers to collect data about the number of online views, geographic location of viewers by country, the demographics of the viewers, how a video was discovered, and the attention span of the viewer while watching the video. This article reports on the viral capacity of a video over a 24- month period.


ABSTRACT This study uses Kaohsiung Port as a case study to evaluate the relationships between port security quality, port service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with shipping companies and freight forwarders in Taiwan. The results indicate that port security quality has a direct and positive impact on both port service quality and customer satisfaction; port service quality has a direct and positive impact on both customer satisfaction and customer loyalty; and customer satisfaction has a direct and positive impact on customer loyalty. However, the impact from port service quality is more significant than that of port security quality. Accordingly, this study suggests that Kaohsiung Port should concentrate on improving its service quality in order to enhance customer satisfaction and customer loyalty.


This paper focuses on optimization of rectangular electrodes of electrostatic sensors. Fundamental characteristics of these electrodes are significant in order to use them in many industries that deal with particles and powders. In this study, Multi- Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) technique has been employed to obtain optimal value of electrode designs including length and thickness. Commercial MATLAB software is used in the optimization. Special sensitivity and statistical error have been utilized as conflict objective functions to recognize optimal sizes of electrodes. The optimization results are compared with the experimental data available in current study. From the observed results, the optimum sizes of length and thickness of rectangular electrode was equal to 0.6 cm and 0.5 cm, respectively.


Break in Coffer Dam during construction of the Umberumberka Reservoir, north-west of Broken Hill, New South Wales. Broken Hill South was one of the largest of the Broken Hill lead-zinc mines and a major member of the Collins House group of companies. During the nineteen thirties it diversified into various other mining activities including a wide scale programme of mineral exploration. The mine itself closed in 1972 with the bulk of its operations being taken over by CRA, North Broken Hill and WMC.
Inscription: "View Shewing Break in Coffer Dam" is written in ink on the page with the photograph. "27.8.12" is written in ink on the photograph.
Previous Control Number: UMA/I/3833
Previous Control Number: PA/64 page 45


Most companies can save millions of dollars per year through improved filtration. The excessive use of filters is very costly. The total filtration costs, including filters, labor, chemical loss and disposal, can be reduced up to 80%. Improved filtration knowledge and better filters will save money and solve problems. The potential filtration savings have been virtually ignored by the industry over 50 years. Total filtration costs are seldom monitored and rarely appear on the operating expense statement. It is very difficult to control these costs when they are not measured or monitored. Even though filters have been used in this industry over 50 years, very little practical information has been published. This paper will provide sound filtration fundamentals to properly clean fluids at lower operating costs.


High‐temperature superconducting mixers have been fabricated from epitaxial films of Tl2CaBa2Cu2O8 utilizing surface double step‐edge junctions on LaAlO3 substrates. These mixers were integrated with spiral antenna structure designed for broadband millimeter wave coupling of the radiation into weak links. Under the optimum bias current condition heterodyne mixing of signals at W band (94 GHz) frequencies has been measured, and noise performance operating at V band (60 GHz) has been characterized both at liquid nitrogen and liquid helium temperatures. By using an etching technique, two orders of magnitude improvement in noise performance over the earlier results have been obtained. Strong mixing signals were achieved right up to Tc (102 K).


The invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical preparations, and provides a compound tablet composition of vildagliptin and melbine and a preparation method thereof. The composition comprises an adhesive which accounts for 20-30% of the composition based on dry weight and has apparent viscosity of 2-4 mpas in 1% water solution. According to the provided composition, the compressibility of the melbine is improved and the compressibility of the vildagliptin is improved at the same time, the compressibility and the mobility of the powder are good, the between-run content difference of the prepared compound tablets is small, the tablets are qualified in friability and rapid in digestion, and the technological feasibility is high.


Significance We present an individual-level model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission that accounts for population-specific factors such as age distributions, comorbidities, household structures, and contact patterns. The model reveals substantial variation across Hubei, Lombardy, and New York City in the dynamics and progression of the epidemic, including the consequences of transmission by particular age groups. Across locations, though, policies combining "salutary sheltering" by part of a particular age group with physical distancing by the rest of the population can mitigate the number of infections and subsequent deaths. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, formulating targeted policy interventions that are informed by differential severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission dynamics will be of vital importance to national and regional governments. We develop an individual-level model for SARS-CoV-2 transmission that accounts for location-dependent distributions of age, household structure, and comorbidities. We use these distributions together with age-stratified contact matrices to instantiate specific models for Hubei, China; Lombardy, Italy; and New York City, United States. Using data on reported deaths to obtain a posterior distribution over unknown parameters, we infer differences in the progression of the epidemic in the three locations. We also examine the role of transmission due to particular age groups on total infections and deaths. The effect of limiting contacts by a particular age group varies by location, indicating that strategies to reduce transmission should be tailored based on population-specific demography and social structure. These findings highlight the role of between-population variation in formulating policy interventions. Across the three populations, though, we find that targeted "salutary sheltering" by 50% of a single age group may substantially curtail transmission when combined with the adoption of physical distancing measures by the rest of the population.


I report results from analysis of data from several quasar samples (Durham/AAT, LBQS, HBQS and EQS) on the density and the luminosity evolution of quasars. We have used new statistical methods whereby we combine these different samples with varying selection criteria and multiple truncations. With these methods the luminosity evolution can be found through an investigation of the correlation of the bivariate distribution of luminosities and redshifts. Of the two most commonly used models for luminosity evolution, L = e kt ( z ) and L = (1 + z ) k ', we find that the second form, with k' = 2.58 (one σ range [2.14,2.91]), gives a better description of the data at all luminosities. Using this form of luminosity evolution we determine a global luminosity function and the evolution of the co-moving density for the two classes of cosmological models. We find a gradual increase of the co-moving density up to z ˜ 2, at which point the density peaks and begins to decrease rapidly. This is in agreement with results from high redshift surveys and in disagreement with the pure luminosity evolution (i.e. constant co-moving density) model. We find that the local luminosity function exhibits the usual double power law behavior. The luminosity density is found to increase rapidly at low redshift and to reach a peak at around z ≍ 2. This result is compared with those from high redshift surveys and with the evolution of the star formation rate.


MST has proven to significantly decrease rates of antisocial behavior in serious juvenile offenders. In light of the similarities between the problems of delinquency and adolescent substance abuse, MST holds promise as an effective treatment of the latter. Hence, conceptual, clinical, and service delivery features of MST are presented.


Interactions of genotypes of indeterminate, climbing beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with planting system and cropping season were evaluated at the CIAT location in Colombia, 1,000 m elevation and 4° N lat. Since most climbing beans in Latin America are grown in association with maize (Zea mays L.), the objective was to determine whether selection of beans in monoculture would be a valid approach to genetic improvement. Climbing bean cultivars were tested in monoculture and associated with maize in three seasons in 1975 and 1976.
Significant correlations for yields were obtained for the cultivars tested in association with maize and in monoculture in two seasons (r=0.90, r=0.81). Bean yields averaged 2,200 kg/ha in monoculture and 680 kg/ha in association over three seasons, with coefficients of variation of 15.2 and 22.5%, respectively. Higher yields, more precise evaluation of differences among cultivars, and significant positive correlations with associated crop yields favor the monocrop system as most efficient for early generation selection and testing of climbing beans.
Season ✕ cultivar interactions in both planting systems could complicate selection for broad adaptation and confident early generation selection in a breeding program. This early selection should concentrate on qualitative traits such as disease and insect resistance, seed color, and desired maturity, with decisions on yield potential delayed until replicated trials in more than one season or more than one location provide adequate evaluation of yield


PCOS is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to anovulation in PCOS are under investigation. Aim of the Study: The current study was conducted to evaluate serum AMH and plasma metastin levels in PCOS patients and to assess their correlations with the PCOS-related reproductive and metabolic disturbance. Subjects and Methods: Data from twenty three women with PCOS (ages 21-34 years) were compared with eighteen normal control women with regular menstrual cycles (ages 25-37 years). In each subject biochemical, hormonal, and ultrasonography parameters were studied. Results: The study showed that serum AMH and plasma metastin concentrations were significantly higher in the PCOS patient group compared to the control group ( p<0.001). Also, there was a significant positive correlation between the serum levels of AMH and plasma metastin both in the control ( r=0.42, p=<0.001) and in the PCOS patient group ( r=0.64, p=<0.001). FSH serum levels were borderline lower in women with with PCOS compared with normal healthy controls ( p>0.05). Whereas, LH, T and DHEAS serum levels were significantly increased in PCOS patients compared with normal healthy controls (p<0.001). The total number of follicles 2-9mm as well as the main ovarian volume was significantly increased in women with PCOS compared with control subjects ( p<0.001). AMH and metastin levels were negatively correlated with age ( r=–0.22 and –0.23 respectively, p<0.001), Body Mass Index (BMI) (r=–0.34 and –0.31 respectively, p<0.00 1), Waist circumference (W) (r=–0.25 and –0.26 respectively, p<0.001) and FSH (r=–0.21 and –0.23 respectively, p<0.05). Whereas, both are positively correlated with LH ( r=0.48 and r=0.43 respectively, p<0.001 ), t (r=0.45 and r=0.38 respectively, p<0.001), DHEAS (r=0.32 and r=0.33 respectively, p<0.001), total number of small follicles (r=0.37 and r=0.34 respectively, p<0.01), and main ovarian volume (r=0.16 and r=0.19 respectively, p<0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, both serum AMH and plasma metastin can be used in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients Correspondence to: Dr. Yasser M. El-Shehawy, The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ain Shams University with PCOS. In addition, the correlation between the two markers implies an interrelated role in the pathogenesis of PCOS.


We present the first results of the hybrid data-driven magnetofrictional (MF) and data-constrained magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of solar active region NOAA 11158, which produced an X-class flare and coronal mass ejection on 2011 February 15. First, we apply the MF approach to build the coronal magnetic configuration corresponding to the SDO/HMI photospheric magnetograms by using the JSOC PDFI_SS electric field inversions at the bottom boundary of the simulation domain. We then use the preeruptive MF state at about 1.5 hr before the observed X-class flare as the initial state for the MHD simulation, assuming a stratified polytropic solar corona. The MHD run shows that the initial magnetic configuration containing twisted magnetic fluxes and a three-dimensional (3D) magnetic null point is out of equilibrium. We find the eruption of a complex magnetic structure consisting of two magnetic flux ropes, as well as the development of flare ribbons, with their morphology being in good agreement with observations. We conclude that the combination of the data-driven MF and data-constrained MHD simulations is a useful practical tool for understanding the 3D magnetic structures of real solar ARs that are unobservable otherwise.


Japan and the Wider World: From the Mid‐Nineteenth Century to the Present, Akira Iriye. London: Longman. 1997. viii, 213pp. ISBN: 0–582–21053–4 The Clash: U.S.‐Japanese Relations Throughout History, Walter LaFeber. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. 1997. xxii, 508pp. ISBN: 0–393–03950–1 Hands Across the Sea?: U.S.‐Japan Relations, 1961–1981, Timothy P. Maga. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press. 1997. x, 183pp. ISBN: 0–8214–1210–8


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Abstract Rationale: Transverse myelitis is an infectious or noninfectious inflammatory spinal cord syndrome. We report a rare case of transverse myelitis following vaccination against COVID-19. Patient concerns: A 70-year-old male presented with progressive sensorimotor dysfunction of the bilateral lower limbs 7 days after receiving the mRNA-1273 vaccine against COVID-19. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging revealed intramedullary lesions with gadolinium enhancement on the Th1/2 and Th5/6 vertebral levels. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing showed a mildly increased level of total protein and positive oligoclonal bands (OCB). Diagnosis: The patient was diagnosed with acute transverse myelitis. Intervention: The patient received 5 days of intravenous methylprednisolone pulse (1000 mg/day) followed by oral prednisolone (30 mg/day with gradual tapering). Outcomes: The patient fully recovered from muscle weakness of the lower limbs. He was discharged from our hospital and able to independently walk without unsteadiness. Lesson: This is a rare case of transverse myelitis following COVID-19 vaccination. Positive OCB in CSF in the present case highlights the possibility of autoimmune processes, including polyclonal activation of B lymphocytes, following vaccination.


Abstract A heuristic is proposed for grouping of machines and components in cellular manufacturing. The method adopts the principle of strength coefficient using multidimensional scaling. The method has been found to give efficient solutions while taking less computational time. The algorithm is tested against five existing test problems taken from the literatures and is further compared with the two most commonly cited algorithms, i.e. rank order clusturing (ROC) and close neighbour algorithm (CNA).


The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of swirler vane angle and the aspect ratio of swirl chamber of nozzle on the characteristics of single spray. The characteristics of sprat's have been investigated by measuring the spray angle, droplet size and velocity Visualization of spray was conducted to obtain the spray angle and breakup process. The spray characteristics such as droplet size and velocity were measured by Phase Doppler Anemometry(PDA). It was found that the spray angle was increased with increasing the swirler angle. For both sprays, the axial velocity and SMD were decreased with increasing the swirler vane angle. It was also shown that the axial velocity and SMD were decreased with increasing the aspect ratio of swirl chamber The effect of vane angle un the spray characteristics was greater than the aspect ratio of swirl chamber for single spray


Design, integration, and optimization procedures to develop air vehicles that meet required mission goals are lengthy and difficult tasks, particularly for high-speed aircraft with challenging mission requirements. The integration process involves synthesizing architectures to incorporate the airframe, propulsion system, and various other necessary subsystems into more optimally functional flight vehicles. Relevant subsystems include thermal and power management, fuel distribution, environmental control, and various other systems, depending on the functional requirements of the aircraft. The selected integration architecture for the various subsystems can result in significant impacts on the performance of the resulting vehicle, and on the ability to achieve the desired mission goals. Evaluation of such impacts at the system level is very desirable in order to optimize the vehicle design with regard to selected performance metrics. A new engineering design tool (e.g., Model Engineer), consisting of a set of modeling and simulation methods, has been developed to facilitate the design and integration of complex engineering systems with high definition analytical models and performance assessments of the resulting integrated system. This paper describes the application of this tool to the design and system level evaluation of thermal management concepts for a future high-speed military aircraft. In a study completed in early 2005 for the Air Force Research Laboratory Propulsion Directorate, a future air weapon system and its mission requirements were defined, and a variety of concepts were considered to provide the necessary thermal management of the vehicle and its propulsion system. Various thermal system architectural configurations were conceptualized in conjunction with the airframe, engine and subsystem supplier team members, and the modeling design tool subsequently used to build and evaluate simulations of the various integrated concepts. The paper will describe some of the configurations along with the methods employed to construct an operational simulation of these conceptual systems. Additional discussion will further describe the approach used to provide mission level evaluation of each simulation, show typical results of the evaluations, and the significance of such results. Finally, a description will be provided of future planned application of the design methods, and expansion of the methods to broaden the area of application.


Natural populations of wild potato species are the backups for the diversity held in genebanks for research and breeding. Some potato species are known to grow in close proximity to cultivated fields, thus are potentially impacted by human activity, including exposure to pesticides. The present study tested the effects of a common pesticide on reproductive traits of potatoes known to grow in or near pesticide-treated fields in central Peru. Furadan? 4F, an insecticide— nematicide (common name = carbofuran) was applied at two different rates to populations representing 15 wild potato species in a greenhouse environment in Peru. Flowering duration of these populations was usually significantly reduced in comparison to a water control, and in a few cases, percent viable pollen also was. These findings suggest that agrichemicals may be having unintentional effects on wild potato populations in ways that could compromise their genetic diversity.


In Reply. — Panelists for each specific DATTA evaluation are selected according to their specialty and stated special interests from our overall panel. These 1700 physicians have been nominated by specialty societies, by medical schools through the section on medical schools of the American Medical Association's House of Delegates, and by state medical societies. The Department of Technology Assessment routinely analyzes the DATTA panelists' responses by specialty. This information is not included in the published DATTA evaluation since the number of panelists is typically too small, as in this case, to make any statistically significant statements about how different physician-specialists assess the different technologies. However, the breakdown is as follows: 24% of gastroenterologists and 38% of surgeons rated the safety of the Roux-en-Y procedure as established, and 24% and 41%, respectively, rated the effectiveness of the procedure as established. Thirty-eight percent of gastroenterologists and 45% of surgeons rated the safety


OBJECTIVE: To investigate the bacteriostatic action of 4 ethanol extracts of the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica. METHODS: The bacteriositatic action of ethanol extracts of the fruit of P. emblica was determined by bacteria-inhibiting ring method. Active sites of bacterium with active bacteriostatic action were tested and their MICs were measured by doubling dilution method. RESULTS: The ethanol extracts of the fruit of P. emblica and therir petroleum ether site and ethyl acetate site showed satisfactory bacteriostatic action against staphylococcus aureus,bacillus subtilis,eseheriehia coli and candida albican and the MICs of ethyl acetate sites against above bacterium were as follows: 0.062 5 mg·mL-1,0.125 mg·mL-1,0.062 5 mg·mL-1 and 0.25 mg·mL-1.The ethanol extracts had medium antimicrobial effect on p.aeruginosa,cl.perfringens,penicillium,saccgaromyces cerevisiae and aspergillus nigr.CONCLUSION: The ethanol extracts of the fruit of P.emblica had strong antimicrobial effect and the ethyl acetate site of the extracts have the active anti-bacterial effect.


It is well‐known that hyperoxia evokes different effects in patients with different dieaseas conditions. Studies from this lab and others have shown that hyperoxia is a potent coronary vasoconstrictor. Recently, we found that hyperoxia exaggerates systolic blood pressure (BP) response in patients with PAD. The aim of this study is to characterize the coronary circulatory effects of hyperoxia in PAD patients and healthy controls. We recruited 20 PAD patients (14M, 6F, 66 ± 6yrs), and 16 age‐matched control subjects (10M, 6F, 65 ± 8yrs). The ankle‐brachial pressure index (ABI) in the most affected limbs of the patients was 0.58 ± 0.15, compared to the controls ABI of 1.04 ± 0.09. For the hyperoxia procedure the subjects breathed room air for three minutes and 100% oxygen for five minutes. BP and heart rate (HR) were monitored during baseline and hyperoxia. The rate pressure product (RPP), an index of myocardial oxygen consumption, was calculated as the product of systolic BP and HR. Transthoracic Coronary Echocardiography was used to record early and late peak coronary blood flow velocities (CBV1 and CBV2) in the left anterior descending artery. Early and late coronary vascular conductances (peak coronary blood velocity/diastolic blood pressure, CVC1 and CVC2) and coronary perfusion time fraction (CPTF, coronary perfusion time/R‐R interval) were calculated. All data was compared across time and between groups using Repeated Measures Analyses of Variance (RMANOVA).


Introduction: After a year in post, the waiting time to see the spinal surgeon in a large hospital had risen from 0–62 weeks. A nurse-led assessment clinic was inaugurated to triage patients, cut waiting times and accelerate treatment. Methods: Referrals were taken directly from general practitioners, and patients triaged using proforma history and examination systems into five categories: mechanical back pain, nerve root entrapment, potentially serious pathology, unknown diagnosis and suitable manipulative therapy. Audit based on direct patient entry with a light pen interface was integrated into the process. Seventy percent of patients were referred complaining of mechanical back pain, and an Educational Rehabilitation Programme was provided within the clinic. Results: Following the inauguration of the spinal assessment clinic, waiting times in the consultant clinic fell from 62 weeks to 26 weeks; waiting times in the assessment clinic were between four and six weeks. Emergencies may be seen the same week. The time from GP referral to surgery for routine nerve root compression fell from 92 weeks to 24 weeks (of which 12 weeks was waiting time for scanning). Detailed audit of scanning requests in 127 patients demonstrated confirmation of clinical diagnosis in 80 percent of whom half went on to surgery. Of the 20 percent with negative scans, a fifth were subsequently found to have trochanteric bursitis. An audit of 94 patients revealed reduced analgesic consumption, increased return to work and reduced consultation rates at one year. Five patients were referred to other clinics for further consultation. The satisfaction of the clinic amongst general practitioners was 94 percent. Referrals to the clinic have risen from 403 in 1993 to 1511 in 1999, necessitating the appointment of three further nurse practitioners. Prospective review of 104 patients revealed 95 percent satisfaction rate of the clinic and 67 percent satisfaction rate with rehabilitation. Average low back outcome score increased from 29 to 35 (p A training programme for nurse practitioners has been established and, to date, ten of the clinics have been inaugurated nation-wide using this model. Conclusions: A nurse-led clinic for triage of back pain patients has had major impact on waiting times, has produced measurable improvements in patients' outcome and is associated with high satisfaction ratings in both patients and general practitioners.


Cities contain some of the more audacious examples of neoliberalism, but at the same time they are also among the principal sites and stakes for the generation of oppositional movements and alternative social visions. Cities may count as bastions of the market order, but they also define many of its most vulnerable flanks. (Leitner, Peck and Sheppard) 1 Someone, you or me, comes forward, and says: I would like to learn to live finally… To learn to live: a strange watchword. Who would learn? From whom? To teach to live, but to whom? Will we ever know how to live and first of all what 'to learn to live' means? And why 'finally'? (Derrida) 2


The productive performance of 12 Medicago sativa cultivars was evaluated by gray systematic theory in hay yield,plant height,stem/leaf,regeneration rate,decrease rate of the total chlorophyll content,increase rate of the relative electric conductivity,length of taproot,length of lateral root and root biomass.The results showed that 'Pirate'was the best on the whole and had the highest hay yield,followed by 'Super7','Sanditi' and'Quadrella'.The yield and comprehensive characteristics of 'Paramount' and 'Algonquin'were the worst and they were unsuitable to be planted in Southwest of Sichuan Province.


A decade after the passing of Rob Kling, social informatics scholars come together on this panel to discuss the past and current state of social informatics research. This panel will provide an overview of the trajectory of social informatics from its emergence in Norway in the early 1980s to its current status as a scientific and intellectual movement uniquely positioned to investigate computerization and society. From the late 1970s, Kling and his colleagues engaged in the study of the social aspects of computing (Dutton, 2005) that would become arguably the most significant version of social informatics when labeled as such in 1996. Social informatics was defined as "the interdisciplinary study of the design, uses and consequences of information technology that takes into account their interaction with institutional and cultural contexts" (Kling, 1999). At that time, the call to incorporate the social, political, and cultural dimensions of ICT design and use threw down the gauntlet, moving the study of computerization and society in a decidedly social direction. Early social informatics research was primarily ethnographic and site specific or based on limited discourse analysis involving smaller case studies. However, in the last decade, the rise and pervasiveness of social media, has intensified the need to understand the interaction between the social and the technical making social informatics more relevant than ever. Recently, some social informatics scholars have heeded the call and have become engaged more intensively in case studies and comparative analysis while others are conducting large-scale research, involving big data and quantitative techniques. Both types of research are driving social informatics into the next stage of its evolution.


Brian Perusse, AES Prachi Patel, email@example.com P this: It's holiday season and days before the busiest shopping week. A retailer in a large city is about to run out of the season's hottest toy. A quick call to the local warehouse, and disaster is averted. The retail industry could not operate without thousands of cubic meters worth of storage warehouses. Yet, the power sector, one of the biggest industries in the world, works with minimal storage. Instead, the norm is to make power plants with spare generating capacity or to build extra natural gas "peaker" plants. Utilities kick on the plants during high demand— when air conditioners run at full blast in the summer or when lights go on at dusk. But most of the time, generating equipment sits unused or ineffi ciently running below maximum output. It's like having a toy factory sitting on standby to make a thousand new toys for the one day when your store shelves are empty. Or, as Brian Perusse of power company AES put it, "You need to buy a whole car when all you need is the radio." Storing electricity on a large scale would make the grid more effi cient and reliable. The idea is to run power plants at a steady level, which is more fueleffi cient, store excess generated energy when grid-load is low, and use those stores when demand spikes. More than 99% of grid storage—127 GW according to the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)—is done today by pumping water into elevated reservoirs during off-peak hours and flowing it through electricitygenerating turbines when needed. But sites suitable for such pumped hydro systems are hard to come by. Batteries, which are portable, modular, and easier to install, are increasingly attractive for grid storage. They still have high capital costs, and there is no onesize-fi ts-all solution to various applications that require anywhere from a few kW to tens of MW for times ranging between a few seconds to hours. But developers can reap benefi ts by matching grid application with the right technology. As of April 2010, batteries stored 451 MW of electric power for the grid worldwide. In Japan, batteries have been connected to the grid since the early 1990s. Now the technology is cropping up at power plants and wind farms across the United States. Fairbanks, Alaska boasts the world's most powerful storage system: a bank of nickel-cadmium batteries that can provide 46 MW for fi ve minutes. AES has connected 72 MW of batteries to grids in the United States and Chile. Utilities such as Duke Energy and Southern California Edison are investing in large battery systems. Flow battery-maker Primus Power is constructing a large system in California, while Xtreme Power has a fl eet of advanced lead-acid battery systems in Hawaii. EPRI, meanwhile, is trying to develop industry standards for grid battery storage, which should make it easier for utilities to install battery systems in the future. With more experience, better technologies, and bigger production scales, largescale battery storage should make more and more economic sense. "Major players are showing interest, and that makes a big difference," said Haresh Kamath, program manager for energy storage at EPRI. Currently, developers are targeting applications that require injecting short bursts of power into the grid. These include smoothing the small variations in the grid's alternating current frequency and seamlessly integrating intermittent wind and solar power into the grid. Batteries are good for such applications because they can quickly release energy and cycle hundreds of times daily with low energy loss. Most current projects employ advanced lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries, which are proven in portable electronics and vehicles. These technologies are improving even as newer chemistries become available, bringing down battery costs. "As costs drop over the next decade, a greater number of applications will open up," said Yet-Ming Chiang, a professor in materials science and engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Certain market conditions, such as geographical constraints and policy restrictions, can bolster the value of battery storage. Batteries make sense now, for instance, on islanded grids where smaller, less-effi cient generators burn expensive fuel to meet peak demand, or on remote locations with unstable or poorly connected grids. This underlines why the power authority on New York's Long Island is reviewing a 400-MW project by AES. "It's really diffi cult to get power in and out and to build anything there," Perusse said. In the mining region of northern Chile, meanwhile, two-dozen power plants sustain several large mines. If one of the plants or mines slips off-line, grid power can swing by hundreds of MW. To manage the swings, the government mandates operators to keep 7% of their plant's capacity as an unsold reserve. So power generators do not get paid for all the energy they can produce, while plants run ineffi ciently at below-maximum capacity. Mining companies also face a cost:


Typically brake hoses of automobile consist of many materials such as rubbers and layered yarns. As the heat properties of all materials used in brake hose are different, a different deformation at each material obtains with variation in the temperature of brake oil. In order to understand exactly the behavior of deformation of brake hose, heat transfer analysis is essentially needed through the brake hose. This paper presents technology of temperature analysis of automobile hoses using empirical formula of heat transfer and computational fluid dynamics. To represent material property of rubber and yam per temperature degrees, consisting of hoses, we do many kinds of material test. Using the material properties, we find out the result of temperature distribution of rubber and braided yarn material in the middle of rubber hose. We also describe the motion theory for heat deformation analysis. Using a F.E.M code, the maximum effective strain rate and stress variations are calculated with various suspension situation modes under a normal temperature condition. It can be seen that the heat transfer analysis provides a basic temperature distribution through brake hose for the input condition of a deformation calculation code.


Many studies have demonstrated the fragility of calcareous sands even under small stresses. This bears an adverse influence on their engineering properties. A series of laboratory tests were carried out on poor-graded calcareous sands to investigate the crushability mechanism. Einav's relative breakage and fractal dimension were used as the particle breakage indices. The results show that the particles broke into smaller fragments at the low-stress level by attrition which was caused by friction and slip between particles. In contrast, particles broke in the form of crushing at the relatively higher stresses. The evolution of the particle size was reflected by the variation in Einav's relative breakage and fractal dimension. As testing commenced, the breakage index rapidly increased. When the stress was increased to 400 kPa, the rate of increase in the breakage index was retarded. As the stress was further increased beyond 800 kPa, the rate of increase in the fractal index became much smaller. This elucidated that the well-graded calcareous sands could resist crushing depending on the range of applied stresses. Based on the test findings, a new breakage law is proposed.


The invention relates to a continuous type colored loose fiber machining device, and belongs to the technical field of loose fiber dyeing. The continuous type colored loose fiber machining device comprises a spray-rolling type drying machine, a coiling roller, a cold-batch fixation device, cotton conveying rollers, a spray-rolling type washing machine, a conveyor belt and a squeezing device in sequence. Loose fibers are subjected to spraying dyeing by being horizontally clamped by a transmission component of the spray-rolling type drying machine, the coiling roller is arranged on the rear portion of a lower guide belt of the spray-rolling type drying machine and coils the dyed loose fibers to be loose fiber coils, the loose fiber coils are transferred to the cold-batch fixation device for cold-batch fixation, the loose fiber coils are conveyed to the spray-rolling type washing machine through the cotton conveying rollers, spray washing is carried out on the cotton conveying rollers when the cotton conveying rollers are conveyed by being horizontally clamped through the transmission component of the spray-rolling type washing machine, the washed loose fibers fall down on the conveyor belt behind the spray-rolling type washing machine under the gravity of the loose fibers themselves, and the loose fibers are conveyed to the squeezing device for dewatering. The continuous type colored loose fiber machining device can continuously produce colored loose fibers, and greatly lower processing cost.


In this thesis a new instrument, the cediometer, is described. The cedimeter allows an accurate continuous determination of CO2 in respiratory gases. The method is specific for CO2 and well suited for use in anaesthesia. Five practical methods for the determination of the arterial pCO2 are reviewed. ... Zie: Summary


We obtain the superconformal algebra associated to a sigma model with target a manifold with $G_{2}$ holonomy, i.e., the Shatashvili-Vafa $G_{2}$ algebra as a quantum Hamiltonian reduction of the exceptional Lie superalgebra $D(2,1;\alpha)$ for $\alpha=1$. We produce the complete family of $W$-algebras $SW(\frac{3}{2},\frac{3}{2}, 2)$ (extensions of the $N=1$ superconformal algebra by two primary supercurrents of conformal weight $\frac{3}{2}$ and $2$ respectively) as a quantum Hamiltonian reduction of $D(2,1;\alpha)$. As a corollary we find a free field realization of the Shatashvili-Vafa $G_{2}$ algebra, and an explicit description of the screening operators.


This paper builds upon and extends the discussion at the inaugural meeting of MAAOE. It explores the future of qualityÐ in particular total quality management (TQM) and the aligned self-assessment excellence models now available for organizations. While these models and frameworks (including Baldrige, EFQM and AQC) are based on `quality' , they investigate excellence across many dimensions. For cognitive purposes this paper uses the term `quality' as a synonym for `excellence' , so that quality includes, but extends beyond, the old paradigms of defect levels and quality of features, products or services. The framework of enquiry in addressing the future of quality is to test the relevance of Kuhn's notion of a paradigm shiftÐ to what extent is the current situation of the quality movement analogous to the circumstances which preceded famous scienti® c discoveries? Can its adherents claim to have orchestrated such major changes in the way organizations are managed? Is there evidence, from those companies which embarked upon TQM, that the preceding paradigm, represented by Taylor's Scienti® c Management (Taylor, 1949), has been overturned? The paper draws upon published research to unravel whether the balance of ® ndings suggests that quality stands on the threshold of a new paradigm or the brink of irrelevance and rejection. Quality is conceptually complex and represents a synthesis of lessons, methods and acquired knowledge from a range of disciplines. The paper examines whether quality represents a signi® cant departure from what had, since the 19th Century, become established practices, as exempli® ed by Adam Smith's `division of labour' , later developed into Taylor's Scienti® c Management. It discusses traditional scienti® c management ideas and how these have been less than able to cope with the shift from personnel functions to a human resource approach, global competition, technological advances, consumer demands for better quality goods and services, altered power relations within public and private institutions and a shift towards more open democratic organizations. While scienti® c management contributed to the success of mass production and contributed to lower cost production, it has not been responsive to new relationships that are critical to organizational success in the 21st Century, i.e. between employees, customers and suppliers.


The main aim of this work is to reduce the plastic waste that is rising in the present world and to achieve this; a system is designed incorporating a plastic extruder which plays a prominent part in recycling waste plastic into useful products. This work uses waste plastics and converts them into building materials with the help of an extruder, thereby reducing the plastic waste which is a key factor for environmental pollution. Presently waste plastics are effectively converted into useful building materials like bricks, interlocks, roof tiles, railway sleepers, paving slabs, retaining blocks etc., using either single origin plastic waste material or a mixture of different plastic wastes along with waste rubber powder as filler. After conducting several trials with the variety of plastic wastes processed into composite brick, it was observed that the maximum compressive load sustained by the Polypropylene/Rubber composite brick is 17.05 tons followed by LDPE/Rubber composite brick with 16.55 tons which is much higher than the clay brick which sustained only 9.03 tons.


A 36-year-old female presented with a 5-month history of an indurated asymptomatic nodule on the left palm. A skin biopsy was done and the histopathological findings were consistent with those of a giant cell tumor of tendon sheath (GCTTS). A GCTTS occurs in the tendon sheath of digits or in the joints of the extremities, and most commonly involves the distal fingers. However, palmar involvement of this tumor is unusual. We present a case of GCTTS on the palm.


In Mexico they are still few studies describing in detail the political violence against women. The aim of this paper is to describe the political violence that have faced sindicas in a State of Central Mexican Altiplano after his rise to office in January 2014. It should be noted that before parity was approved nationally in the selection Candidate / os to elected office, such a mechanism was approved for the election of municipal authorities in Tlaxcala. The agreement by the local election authority that resulted in the 2014-2016 triennium, women were elected in almost all of the receiverships. Of the 60 receiverships in the state, 56 of them were represented by women and 5 men, that is, 91% of this elected office. This circumstance led to changes in the power relationships inside and outside the hall that led to conflicts between the mayor and the ombudswoman, which in several cases were characterized, as noted by the Association of Councillors of Bolivia (ACOBOL) by aggressive behaviors caused physical, psychological or sexual harm against a woman in the exercise of political representation, to prevent and restrict the exercise of his office or induce her to make decisions against its will, its principles and the law. This research describes the strategies followed by the Syndic of Tlaxcala to deal with such behavior. The reflection is done from a gender perspective, ie considering the roles assigned to women generate discrimination and inequalities, which result in differential access to resources, and therefore power. This work was based on several interviews with actors / as relevant (president / is acting municipal and / or were, sindicas, among other) allowing learn about their views, experiences and strategies. I also used the hemerographic review to document the characteristics of the conflict. The findings point to visualize the consequences of questioning the way in which power is exercised in local government, the results of the absence of operational structures for the operation of the law and the need for equal numbers include women in order to build from local democracy.


In this study,the effects of financial support on improving farmers' operating income has been analyzed,based on statistical data from 1991 to 2008 by using ADF test,cointegration test and error correction model.The results show that the increasing absolute amount of state financial support for agriculture in recent years has played a certain role in increasing per capita family income,but this role is not satisfactory in promoting long-term or short-term results.The effects of financial support for agriculture on increasing farmers' income are still needed to be promoted.Therefore,some recommendations are proposed,such as adjusting distribution of national income and improving financial support for agriculture;establishing long-term stability mechanisms of financial support for agriculture;encouraging and attracting social capital investment etc..


To build and improve quality assurance mechanism of Cultivation of Ideological Morality and Foundations of Law course in local nationalities colleges has decisive significance in improving the teaching quality of this course. Aimed at the problems and current teaching situation, in order to improve the teaching quality effectively, we should focus on setting up the idea of this Job, start from five systematic constructions, tighten up the quality mechanism practically.


7 Globally, innovation adoption is considered a significant element of organizational success, and 8 this phenomenon needs researchers? and regulators? emphasis. Therefore, the current 9 research examines Marx?s conception of society happiness and post-Covid traumatic recovery 10 on the resistance to innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) in China. The 11 present research also analyzes the moderating role of social norms among Marx?s conception, 12 society happiness, post-Covid traumatic recovery, and resistance to innovation in SMEs in 13 China. The article has applied the questionnaires method to collect the primary data from the 14 chosen respondents. The research also applied the smart-PLS to analyze the primary data 15 using measurement and structural assessment models. The results indicated that Marx?s 16 conception, society happiness, and post-Covid traumatic recovery have a positive nexus with 17 resistance to innovation in SMEs in China. The results also revealed that the social norms 18 significantly moderate among Marx?s conception, society happiness, post-Covid traumatic 19 recovery, and resistance to innovation in SMEs in China. This article guides the policymakers 20 in formulating policies regarding the innovation adoption that could enhance the firm 21 performance.


In this thesis, I present a version of the quantum orbit method which provides a geometrical construction of the irreducible *-representations of the quantum universal enveloping algebras for the real Lie groups of equal rank. It is shown that they correspond to the symplectic leaves of the dual Poisson Lie group equipped with a special structure called quantum orbit lattice. At the same time, the thesis is dealing with the important problems in the foundations of the theory of quantum non-compact groups. By introducing a canonical super-tensor product in the situation where the usual concept of tensor product fails to exist, it open a new direction in the search for the axiomatic theory to embrace the quantum non-compact groups. Thesis Supervisor: Bertram Kostant Title: Professor


The paper by S. Hanmer and S. McEachern represents a valuable contribution to the ongoing effort to unravel the tectonic-magmatic history of the Central Metasedimentary Belt in the Grenville Province. However, we feel that some of their conclusions should be reexamined, in particular, "(3) The rheological behaviour of the deforming media may have strongly influenced the location of the upper and lower limits of the boundary thrust zone at the time of its initiation. (4) A structural horizon of metagabbro bodies may have acted as a physical barrier to the upward migration of metasomatic fluids that generated the nepheline rocks of the Central Metasedimentary Belt boundary" (p. 1788). These two conclusions, particularly number 4, are critical to formulating a model for the formation of this portion of the Central Metasedimentary Belt. The nepheline-bearing rocks of the Central Metasedimentary Belt are either derived from mantle-initiated igneous processes or derived by metasomatism (nephelinization) or anatexis of previously metamorphosed crustal materials. Concluding that they were formed by crustal processes (nephelinization), as the authors have, leads to quite a different model than concluding, as we do, that they were formed by mantle processes.


The increase in the demand for fish has led to intensive aquaculture practices which has also ushered in a manifestation and emergence of new fish diseases and reoccurrence of old ones. The advocacy for alternative therapy to drugs using natural and environmental friendly materials necessitated this study. The antimicrobial properties of Tridax procumbens extracts were tested against pathogenic fish bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aereus, Aeromonashydrophilia, and Listeria monocytogenes). Bacteria were cultured, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and zone of inhibition (ZI) were carried out using standard methods. One hundred and eight (108) Hetrobranchus bidorsalis juveniles were fed T. procumbens based diets (40% crude protein) two times daily in a completely randomized designed for 54 days. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. The results shows that T. procumbens extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and carptenoids while saponin and terpnoids were not detected in the extract. Effective MIC was 40mg/ml and ZI ranged from 12.85±0.39 to 14.20±0.74 mm. Pathogens were sensitive to the T. procumbens extract except for L. monocyogenes. The TVC and TCC were significantly reduced in the treated group. The results revealed T. procumbens leaves have antimicrobial properties which may had shown its potential utilization in aquaculture. It also indicated that T. procumbens have antimicrobial activity against tested organisms and could be used fish health management.


To assess the knowledge and practice of commercial motorbike riders on road safety regulation and capture their challenges towards its implementation. This was a qualitative study with a narrative design and focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview (IDI) as data collection methods. Two focus group discussions (n=22) were held constituting of commercial motorbike riders who had been purposefully recruited and six in depth interviews carried out by four commercial motorbike riders and two traffic police officers were met in the Douala III and IV councils in the city of Douala in 2019. Both FGDs and IDIs were recorded, transcribed and themes were drawn out from the discussion and thematic analysis was carried out. Similar ideas were grouped together while dissecting views were separated. The commercial motorbike riders were aware that there were laid down rules addressing the functioning of the sector. They knew about use of helmets, attire to put on, respect of traffic lights and use of trafficator lights and license ownership. But most of them reported non-adherence with various reasons put forth. The commercial motorbike riders in Douala knew about the road safety regulation but were not motivated sufficiently to apply it


This paper focuses mainly on two topics : principles to be implemented for utilizing more renewable resources and measures for preventing waste generation based on a 3R approach. For the sustainable use of renewable resources, it is important to maintain a situation whereby the utilization rate for renewable resources never exceeds the rate of their production. In addition, the waste generation rate must stay within the natural ecosystem's capacity to receive it. From a long-term perspective, the use of exhaustible resources must be controlled by tight waste prevention measures, while a societal shift centered upon greater use of renewable resources needs to take place. We must create a society that can sustain itself through a product lifecycle flow that cuts out all avoidable waste generation. The importance of waste prevention has now been widely recognized, and in particular food waste prevention has become a specific point of discus-sion. It is said that 1 . 3 billion tons of food is lost or wasted every year around the world. On the other hand, it is reported that most of this is avoidable. This amount of food waste is the cause of higher GHG emissions. Research now shows that approximately 1 ton of GHG emissions can be lowered with each equal 1 ton of food waste reduction.


Objective To explore the clinical treatment superiority of bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage for mechanically ventilated patients.Methods Sixty patients were divided into two groups,of which,thirty ones were in the control group and went through routine lavage sputum aspiration and the remained ones were in the BAL-experimental group and through bronchoalveolar lavage.The blood gas parameters,such as PaO2,SaO2% and PaCO2,were measured before and after the lavage.Results For the control group before and after lavage,the results were t=1.79 and P0.05 for PaO2,t=3.51 and P0.05 for PaCO2,and t=2.29 and P0.05 for SaO2%.For the BAL-experimental group,the results were t=6.39 and P0.01 for PaO2,t=10.38 and P0.01 for PaCO2,and t=4.88 and P0.01 for SaO2%.When the BAL-experimental group was compared with the control group,the results were t=2.94 and P0.01 for PaO2,t=9.26 and P0.01 for PaCO2,and t=2.64 and P0.05 for SaO2%.There were significant increases for SaO2% and decreases for PaCO2 before and after lavage in the both groups,and significant increases for PaO2 and SaO2% and decreases for PaCO2 in the BAL-experimental group compared with those in the control group,with P0.01.It's not significant for the increase of PaO2 in the control group,with P0.05.Bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage showed its effectiveness for the patients,with no serious complications and shortened treatment course.Conclusion Timely bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage is of great benefit for the patients with mechanical ventilation from the aspects of respiration,controlled pulmonary infection,decreased mortality,improved prognosis and shortened treatment course.


Abstract Both cortisol and its dehydro metabolite cortisone are present in normal human saliva. A method for differential Measurement of both compounds in 1 ml samples of saliva by HPLC/UV is described. the method uses an extraction column having a cyclodextrin bonded phase to retain the compounds of interest while allowing elution of interfering compounds. A steroid-bearing fraction is eluted from the cyclodextrin column, dried, reconstituted in a weak mobile phase, and injected on a reversed phase HPLC/UV system provided with an injector-mounted reversed phase extraction column. Samples containing corticosteroid concentrations as low as 0.5 ng/ml can be effectively analyzed by this method.


The decorative art of the Huis which has distinct religious feature and national feature reflects the connotation of the Hui culture,especially the pursuit of its pattern art of Islam,Arab calligraphy art,elegant caring art and so on presents the unique national aesthetic temperament and aesthetic style.


Combined with practical work the reasons caused the diseases of cement concrete pavements of bridge deck are analyzed.From tow aspects,design and construction practical measures are proposed to preventive those cracks in order to perfect decking technology of cement concrete pavement of bridge,increase the decking quality and prolong the service life of bridge.


Music interest is diverse yet enticing to be a part of knowledge discovery. It influences how people feel, study, work, etc. A lot of things are to be considered in producing brand new music with its correlation to its genre. We have already collected the dataset that we can utilize in this research, which is the history of every song listened to by several users in a total of 20.000 records from a million song dataset. This study implements the Apriori algorithm which can handle a large amount of data while simplifying the data to create a recommendation system where the result is a pattern from the music genre according to the interests of each user with the help of the RapidMiner tool. The purpose of this research is that the pattern which has been found can become a reference for music producers in terms of making or distributing their brand-new music. The result of the best combination of genres states that listeners of the rock genre will also hear the pop genre with a combination frequency of 50, support value of 21.2%, and confidence value of 51%.


Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a psychosomatic disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Metabolism of an individual affected with IBD is equated to imbalance of jatharagni (digestive fire) which results in atijeernam (hyper digestive disorder), ajeernam (hypo digestive disorder), or kutajeernam (erroneous digestive disorder). Yoga stabilizes jatharagni that helps energy transformation of 1) food substances into nutritious substance, 2) nutritious substance into tissues. It improves anabolic and catabolic processes which help absorption of energy. Yogic cleansing techniques promote elimination of ama (toxic products) and kleda (waste products). Yoga therapy along with herbal medicine and lifestyle modification helps develop balanced state of doshas in individuals with IBD. Yoga practice has a healing effect on mind and body, reduces stress, increases emotional and physical self-awareness, and improves the ability to manage physical symptoms.


Ten species of winter wheat which grown in Northern China were selected in this study,they were treated by two water conditions: Full-Irrigation and Insufficiency-Irrigation(Rainfall).Tthen we analyzed the correlation between the photosynthetic rate and the yield.The result showed that under Full Irrigated condition,both the photosynthetic rate and the yield were higher than that under insufficiency irrigation's.The positive correlativity between the photosynthetic rate and the yield was remarkable during the procreate growth period.During the heading-blooming and the beginning of grain-filling stage,the correlation between the photosynthetic rate(Natural light) and the yield was the most remarkable.For the photosynthetic rate(LED),the most remarkable correlation was during the stage of heading-blooming,the beginning grain-filling and the mid-grain-filling.Therefore,more irrigation during heading-blooming and grouting stage could enhance the photosynthetic rate and increase the yield of winter wheat.


The multiphoton ionization of a low‐pressure (3×10−5 Torr) fill of trimethylamine using an electron‐beam pumped KrF laser has been studied. A microwave resonator probe was used to measure the resultant free‐electron density. The scaling of electron density with the square of the incident laser intensity was verified in the low flux limit. The electron production decreased significantly from the I2 scaling at laser fluxes exceeding 4 MW/cm2. These results are consistent with a simple two‐photon model describing the interaction in the low flux limit and a saturation of the electron production in the high‐flux limit.


tor several decades, electricity production and use have been a growing source of concern among individuals and groups monitoring the quality of the environment. Emissions from coalfired power plants, impacts of hydroelectric development, and risks associated with nuclear energy use have been particular targets for political action, dating to the early days of the environmental movement in the late 1960s. Environmental concerns sharpened in the late 1980s, as evidence of depletion of the Earth's protective ozone layer was combined with evidence of increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (COi) and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which could lead to global warming.