Five natural hybrids with C. heterophyllum were confirmed
through the study of herbaria and field investigations. They
are C. acaule x C. heterophyllum, C. heterophyllum x C.
oleraceum, C. heterophyllum x C. palustre, C. heterophyllum x
C. rivulare. A chromosome number of 2n=34 is recorded from the
Czech Republic and brief comments on morphological variability
are included. The distribution maps of C. heterophyllum and of
the hybrids C. heterophyllum x C. oleraceum, C. heterophyllum x
C. palustre and C. heterophyllum x C. rivulare in the Czech
Republic are presented, based on an examination of herbarium
specimens and literary data. Cenological and ecological
relationships are discussed. The climatic affinity of C.
heterophyllum is discussed based upon the distribution of
localities within the climatic regions of the Czech Republic.


Abstract In this study, distributed cooling ducts (DCDs) and prepared phase change material-expanded graphite composite (PCM-EGC) are utilized to improve the thermal characteristics of Lithium (Li)-ion batteries which are widely used in industry. Theoretical concepts are first discussed to provide a strong basis for the topic, and numerical/simulated results are then presented to validate theoretical results. To provide a comprehensive and clear basis, three Li-ion batteries are technically compared to each other. The first one is a commonly used commercial Li-ion battery, the second one includes 19 DCDs, and the last one comprises 19 DCDs plus PCM-EGC. The following points also being the novelty and contributions of this work are demonstrated: • Adding DCDs to a battery smoothes the temperature curve distributed across the battery's unit cells. • Adding both DCDs and PCM-EGC not only more smoothes the temperature curve but also significantly decreases the maximum temperature of the battery, so that, the operating point of the battery temperature shifts into the safe thermal region of the battery, which is less than as suggested by manufacturers.


The invention discloses an anti-leakage storage tank and a method for improving an existing buried single-layer steel oil storage tank. The anti-leakage storage tank is characterized in that an anti-leakage structure layer is distributed on the inner wall of the steel storage tank and has the advantages of being reasonable in structure, good in anti-leakage performance, long in service life and the like. The method for improving the existing buried single-layer steel oil storage tank sequentially includes the steps of purifying the inner wall of the steel oil storage tank, coating a steel tank inner wall anti-corrosion reinforcing layer, arranging a three-dimensional hollow woven fabric layer, arranging a glass fiber reinforced plastic structure layer and coating a resin anti-corrosion layer, and has the advantages of being reasonable, strong in operability, low in technical improvement cost and the like.


ABSTRACT Much of the scholarship to date on the phenomenally popular Kamala Khan focuses on ways this titular character of the Ms. Marvel comic series complicates constructions of gender, religion, and immigration. This article endorses such claims, but instead highlights Kamala's older brother, Aamir, arguing that his character constitutes a powerful counter narrative that refutes pervasive negative stereotypes about American Muslim men in both public and private realms. Over the first few years of the series, Aamir's character evolves from unworldly and typically irritating older brother to loving husband and father, in the process complicating one-dimensional negative stereotypes of Muslim men in the domestic arena. When he is targeted by supervillains in an attempt to radicalise him into terrorism, Aamir's refusal to accept a warped version of Islam not only reinforces the complexities of Muslim beliefs and practices but also challenges readers to acknowledge their own potential roles in accepting and perpetuating harmful misrepresentations. In the process, the comic's illustration of the political and social marginalisation and oppression experienced by Muslims in our theoretically pluralistic society implicitly positions Aamir, as well as Kamala, as an argument for equity and justice.


The paper proposes the concept of the linkage system for economic responsibility audit,and briefs on the significance and necessity of the linkage system for university administrators.The current insufficiency of the linkage system for economic responsibility audit is pointed out and reasonable solutions how to build the linkage system for economic responsibility audit scientific are suggested.


A comprehensive unified calculation of lattice mechanical and electronic properties of a polyvalent simple metal, Al, is presented using the Heine-Abarenkov (9164) and Gurskii-Krasko (1970) forms of the model potential. A very simple form of the dielectric function proposed recently by Taylor (1978) has been used in conjunction with the above-mentioned potentials to calculate the cohesive energy the equilibrium lattice constant, the second-order elastic constants the pressure derivatives of the second-order elastic constants, the equation of state (at T=0), the phonon dispersion, the mode Gruneisen parameters and the electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power of the liquid metal. The entire calculation is repeated by replacing the Taylor dielectric function by the self-consistent dielectric function proposed by Vashishta and Singwi (1972). The Heine-Abarenkov model pseudopotential combined with either of the two dielectric functions gives quite satisfactory agreement with experiments except in the case of the liquid-metal resistivity, where the discrepancy is quite large.


ABSTRACT Accurate identification of human noroviruses (HuNoVs) from outbreaks or sporadic cases is critical for source tracing and outbreak investigation. Whole-genome sequencing is a powerful tool for the detection, identification, and discrimination of HuNoV strains. We report here the nearly complete genome sequences of GI.7[P7] and GII.4[P31] strains detected in a Californian patient co-infected by both strains in 2017.


Measurements of thermal and fast neutron fluxes in a mixed radiation field have been carried out by etching technique applied to fission tracks on a mica detector. As fissionable material, use was made of electrochemical deposits-on Au-coated Cu-plate or stainless steel plate-of 232Th, 231Pa, natural U, depleted U, 232U, 237Np, 238Pu and 239Pu. The atomic density of the fissionable material on the plate was measured by α-spedrometry. These plates were placed in contact with muscovite mica, and exposed to neutron flux in a TRIGA Mark-II nuclear reactor, both with and without thermal neutron absorber of Cd. After the irradiation, the mica was etched by hydrofluoric acid solution, and the track density counted on a microphotograph. The values of the thermal and fast neutron fluxes were obtained from the mean cross-section of the fission reactions undergone by the different nuclides present. The resulting flux values showed reasonably good agreement with the values obtained by other methods. A discussion is given on the nuclear data obtained for several nuclides. A proposal is presented also on a simple and practical method for determining high track density by photometer with dark-field illumination.


The article analyses fashion as a reflex of philosophy of identity in everyday life. Contemporary fashion is not imaginable without postulation of national and/or regional identity. Worldly recognisable French, Italian and other regional fashions show a variety of models that have recognisability. Internationally recognisable as fashion that represents particular national identity it still can be seen as not the only possible its identity version. Contemporary variety in identity models in fashion design are reflecting identity models in general. Identity is understood as changeable and liquid that can reflect aspects of identity depending on participants of interaction. Fashion, differently, is a form of mass communication that does not change the message depending on the receiver.


Reported are the present and future statuses of the Kharkov Compact Cyclotron CV-28 donated to the National Science Center Kharkov Institute of Physics & Technology (NSC KIPT) by the Forschungszentrum Juelich (Germany). The cyclotron configuration and special features of new installation at the NSC KIPT are described. Consideration is given to the use of the cyclotron beam as a promising means for investigation and development of materials for fusion reactors and generation-IV nuclear reactors, investigation and production of medical radionuclides, possible applications of a high-energy neutron source based on a deuteron beam and a thick beryllium target.


A fter several bilious articles devoted to "The Jewish Question" in The Diary of a Writer (March 1877),' Dostoevskii imagines an almost utopian reconciliation of Christians and Jews inspired by a story of a Protestant German doctor named Hindenburg (Gindenburg), who devoted his entire career to helping the poor of all ethnic and religious groups. Sensing that the journalistic word is insufficient to convey the necessary picture (Dostoevskii actually has the concept of a painting in mind), he provides the reader with the image (obraz) of the doctor himself, who, he writes, is perhaps the truest answer to the Jewish question.


A case of leukemia cutis with skin lesions as the primary symptom is reported. A 31-year-old woman presented with mildly painful erythema on the chest and abdomen for three months. Blood routine test was normal in her first visit while pathological examination revealed leukemia cutis. One month later, some purpuras developed on the skin, and at the same time, the second blood routine test and cytomorphologic examination of bone marrow confirmed the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-L2). Tumor cells were proved to derive from precursor B lymphocytes by immunophenotype analysis of skin biopsy tissue and flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood. The involvement of central nervous system was confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid test. The patient was relieved from ALL after two times of chemotherapy. However, ALL recurred one month later, and she died of it 2 days later.

Key words:
Skin;  Leukemia subleukemic;  Leukemia, lymphoblastic


abstract:Scholarship has associated the London of Our Mutual Friend with filth and corruption, but these aspects of the novel coexist with a version of the city that emphasizes benevolence. Rereading the city for scenes of benevolence reveals that the solutions Dickens posits to urban corruption imagine a viable form of charity in the language of the city itself. By situating the domestically-based charitable practices of Our Mutual Friend alongside mid-nineteenth-century journalistic discourse on urban charity and examples of Dickens's support of philanthropic projects, this essay shows how the novel redefines "home" to arrive at a model of charity that is both specifically urban and personal.


. Significance is becoming a matter of considerable concern for Machine Learning, but remains of little concern in other areas of Artificial Intelligence, particularly where Machine Learning paradigms are not rigorously applied. The Machine Learning paradigm of independent Validation and Evaluation, or more complex paradigms such as Cross-Validation or Bootstrapping, allows a quantifiable measure of confidence in the results of an evaluation. However, over the last decade there has been increasing concern about the biases embodied in traditional evaluation methods, as well as questions about how to deal with prevalence and bias. This paper briefly introduces unbiased alternatives to Recall, Precision and Accuracy and shows how they can be used to directly estimate familiar estimates of significance and confidence. In this paper we will develop significance and confidence estimates theoretically, as well as evaluating their performance empirically using a Monte Carlo simulation. In relation to significance, we note the existence of measures used to estimate correlation from chi-squared sums, and relate our proposals to these estimates. In relation to we the of confidence intervals over mere statistical significance. These advantages are particularly pertinent at a time when the Machine Learning community of repositories of standard datasets one in twenty be to be significantly better than or than any other specific result when significance is evaluated to the 0.05 level, but on the other hand standard correction techniques tend to be overly conservative and represent an explicit bias against later work.


The article deals with the mechanisms of attracting investment in the innovative and sustainable sphere of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as the tools of state support for innovations. The programs of granting innovative grants in nine directions are reflected in this article, as well as technology parks implementing these programs. The role of leading research institutes and universities in the field of innovation. The systems of preferential taxation of priority directions in the sphere of innovations based on SEZ.


A new genus and species of dromiacean crab, Lucanthonisia praemium, is recorded from the basal Belsele- Waas Clay Member (Boom Clay Formation; Rupelian, lower Oligocene) as formerly exposed at the Scheerders van Kerchove (SVK) clay pit near Sint-Niklaas, province of Oost-Vlaanderen (northwest Belgium). Extant dromioid crabs either carry foreign objects for camouflage (Dromiidae, Homolodromiidae) or are associated with corals (Dynomenidae). Although having been collected from the basal portion of the Belsele-Waas Clay Member which is rich in phosphatic nodules, preservation of the new form is such that long-term transport is unlikely. Therefore, the species is assumed to have lived hidden amongst and below such nodules, but it cannot be ruled out that it also carried sponges for defence. To our knowledge, representatives of such biota have not yet been recorded from the Boom Clay Formation. Dromilites eotvoesi from middle Miocene ('upper Badenian', Serravallian) strata in the Budapest area (central Hungary) is transferred to the new genus, Lucanthonisia. Lucanthonisia eotvoesi n. comb. differs from L. praemium, the type species, in having shorter, more anteriorly directed lateral spines, more closely spaced and less divergent rostral horns, better-developed epigastric nodes and a less convex carapace longitudinally. Preservation of a partial thoracic sternum in L. praemium gen. nov., sp. nov. allows comparison with dromioid families and tentative placement of the new genus, as well as the allied Basinotopus, in the Dynomenidae.


Modern corporations are faced with many environmental challenges and pressures. Managers of firms have realized that green innovation is an important factor in sustainable development and that it can offer a competitive advantage. This study uses organizational identity and organizational creativity theory to create a theoretical framework for understanding green innovation strategy. The results indicated that green innovation strategy positively influences both green organizational identity and green creativity. Positive relationships are found between green organizational identity and green creativity, and green creativity positively affects green innovation. In addition, we find that green organizational identity partially mediates the relationship between green innovation strategy and green creativity. We also find that green organizational identity fully mediates the relationship between green innovation strategy and green innovation, which means that green innovation strategy does not directly influence green innovation but indirectly stimulates such innovation via green organizational identity. These results suggest that managers should seek to enhance their organizations' sense of green identity and to encourage green creativity, as this will enhance their firm's capability of sustainable development. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are also discussed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment


The invention discloses oral tobacco products containing plant fermentation products, which are made of main components such as tobacco extracts and plant fermentation products, and auxiliary components such as flavor and taste components, shape filling components and stable antioxidant components, wherein an optimum ratio is 10% to 70% of tobacco extracts, 10% to 70% of plant fermentation products, 0.01% to 50% of flavor and taste components, 1% to 50% of shape filling components, and 0.01% to 5% of stable antioxidant components. Through mixing the above components to form different forms of oral tobacco products, the oral tobacco products of the invention can meet the need and favor of an adult consumer, meanwhile has health care effects such as beauty and skin maintenance, intestine moistening and detoxification, weight loss and fat-free, and fatigue resistance and the like.


The analysis of Legal Report from the negotiation perspective of systemic-functional linguistics with the research methods of qualitative analysis,quantitative analysis and induction,seeks out the golden portion of the law-promulgating discourse,viz.supplementary negotiation of modality based on declarative statements as well as the inverse proportion between the scales of the modality and the space pf negotiation,also proves its mighty theoretical instruction on discourse analysis from the macro-perspective.


ABSTRACT Conclusiveproofthatthemouse egg is capableofcarryingoutrepairofgeneticlesionspresentinthe mate ge-nomewasobtainedthroughdominant-lethalstudiesofchemi-cally treated spermatozoa and spermatids andthrough cyto-logical analysis of first-cleavage metaphases. Themaximumdifferenceinrepair capabilitybetween stocksoffemales,foundfor isopropyl methanesulfonate treatment, was large; consid-erablysmallerdifferenceswerefoundforethylmethanesulfo-nate,triethylenemelamine,and benzo[alpyrene treatments;andnodifference wasfoundforx-raytreatment. Theability of mouseoocytes to carry out repair of inducedgenetic damagehasbeensuggested in several studies. W.L. Russell andcoworkers (1-3) favored the hypothesis that theradiationdose rate anddose-fractionation effectsand the effectof theirradiation-conception interval on theyield ofspecific- locus mutations after treatment of oocytes are attributable to the repair of mutational or premutational lesions. Repair inoocytes treated in theadvanced stages offolliculardevelopment


Objective
To research the current status of self-perceived burden (SPB) in elderly patients with hypertension combined with coronary heart disease (CHD), and analyze their influencing factors.

Methods
A total of 452 elderly patients with hypertension combined with coronary disease from six centers were selected as the research object, and were investigated with self-designed patients′ general information questionnaire, self-perceived burden scale (SPBS), FRAILscale, geriatric depression scale (GDS-15), Barthel index (BI) questionnaire, family APGAR index (FAI) and simple nutritional evaluation method (MNA-SF).

Results
The range of SPB score in elderly patients was 10~47 points. The score of SPB of elderly patients with hypertension combined with CHD was (23.99±8.13) points, which was at mild to moderate level, and 71% of the elderly patients with hypertension combined with CHD showed different in level of SPB. The influencing factors of self-perceived burden were the place of residence (P<0.001), self-care ability (P=0.005), depression (P=0.023), and the recent health status (P=0.028).

Conclusions
The elderly patients with hypertension combined with CHD commonly experience mild to moderate level of self-perceived burden, and we should take positive measures to alleviate their SPBaimed at the main influencing factors.

Key words:
Aged; Hypertension; Coronary heart disease; Self-perceived burden


Contemporary asymmetric warfare raises challenges that can be best described as volatile, uncertain, complex, ambiguous (VUCA). These features translate into a conundrum for both the forces involved in multinational theatres of operations, and for academics, researchers, educators and trainers in charge of fi nding novel means of approaching the needs of the military human resource both domestically and during deployment periods. One specifi c requirement of the military when deployed is to act in accordance with their code of values, but to also show consideration for other cultures, attitudes and behaviors. Nonetheless, these requirements may more often than clash. Consequently, this paper is built on the assumption that: asymmetric warfare requires a new set of approaches in terms of military education and training that should involve a change in the learning paradigm of cadets and adult offi cers so they can measure up to the features of this type of warfare. Therefore, its aim is to propose a possible new framework through which one's own ethical otherness may be discovered and refl ected upon in a novel and, we dare say, a challenging manner for the military fi eld and for the didactics of military ethics.


Long cast-in-place post-tensioned (CIP/PS) and reinforced concrete (RC) box-girder bridges are often constructed in multiple frames separated by in-span hinges in their superstructure. In multi-frame bridges, shear key members are placed in in-span hinges to connect the adjacent frames in the transverse direction. The shear keys shall preserve the transverse seismic integrity of the bridge. Steel pipes offer several design and construction benefit as shear key elements. To this end, a shear key detail has been standardized by Caltrans, known as "pipe/cable shear key", which performs both as transverse shear key and longitudinal restrainer. However, the capacity and stiffness of this detail has not been fully investigated. This report discusses the finding from the finite element analyses performed to realize the load performance of the "pipe/cable shear key" detail. A refined three-dimension finite element model of the detail was developed using ABAQUS 6.11. The model was validated using the data from push-off experiments previously performed at the University of Nevada, Reno on a comparable detail. The force-deformation performance of the shear key detail was studied for different longitudinal gap sizes. The analyses demonstrated that: 1) the pipe shear key detail is ductile under lateral loading and is able to maintain its resistance under large transverse displacements; 2) the lateral capacity and stiffness of the pipe shear key varies with the size of the longitudinal gap; 3) cyclic loading may significantly reduce the lateral stiffness of the element; and 4) effect of variation of tensile forces in cable restrainers on the lateral resistance is negligible.


Objectives The waist circumference has been known as an obesity index reflecting the visceral fat. This study was conducted to investigate the obesity index of what can be predicted visceral fat obesity. Methods 121 test subjects who have BMI≥30 or BMI 27∼29.9 with having more than one high blood pressure, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were gathered in the Gachon University Korean medical hospital. The relationship between obesity index, the abdominal fat area, and the metabolic syndrome component analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The obesity indices, that are largely used in clinics such as waist circumference (WC), HC (hip circumference), body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-height ratio (WHtR). Total fat area (TFA), visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous area (SFA) and visceral fat/subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR) that was measured from CT. Results 1. Total fat area (TFA) was positively correlated WC, BMI, HC. 2. The subcutaneous fat area (SFA) was positively correlated HC, WC, BMI. 3. The visceral fat area (VFA) did not show a strong correlation with obesity indicators. Conclusions It was found indices of obesity and visceral fat area is a high correlation. BMI, WC was the obesity index showed a high correlation as the SFA, TFA. (J Korean Med Rehab 2016;26(1):103-111)


What is the impact of laparoscopic conventional or NOSE colorectal resection on bowel function in patients with deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum one year postoperatively?

 Both conventional and NOSE colectomy improved the functional outcomes and quality of life among patients with deeply invasive rectal endometriosis one year after bowel surgery.

 Conventional laparoscopic approach to the surgical management of deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum appears to assure improved digestive functional outcomes. NOSE technique for colorectal disease can significantly reduce the duration of hospital stay, accelerate postoperative recovery with better cosmetic results, and in particular, result in less postoperative pain and fewer complications. However, long-term solid data about gastrointestinal well-being after segmental bowel or NOSE resection for deep endometriosis are still missing.

 Between the 1st September 2019 - 31th of December 2020 we performed a 2-arm unblinded prospective randomized trial, enroling 91 patients with deep infiltrating rectal endometriosis up to 15 cm from the anal verge. Patients aged between 18 and 45 years, with deep endometriosis infiltrating at least the muscular layer in depth, and up to 50% of rectal circumference, complaining pain, bowel symptoms and/or infertility were included. The average follow up time was 14±2.6 months.

 Patients were enroled at Semmelweis University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Budapest, Hungary and had either conventional laparoscopic bowel resection or NOSE resection. Randomization was performed preoperatively using the simple randomization method. The primary endpoint was to assess the bowel function and quality of life by using the Endometriosis Health Profile 30, the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index and the Low Anterior Resection Syndrome score preoperatively, 1 month, 6 months, 1 year after the surgery.

 A total of 91 patients were enroled. 39 patients were in the NOSE surgery arm, 49 were in the Conventional laparoscopic surgery arm. One patient was lost to follow-up and we had two cases of drop out from the trial after randomization due to performing non intended disc resection. This cases were excluded from the study. There was no conversion to laparotomy.The overall scores on Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI), Low Anterior Resection Syndrome scores (LARS) and Endometriosis Health Profile 30 (EHP30) scores did not reveal significant differences between the two groups. LARS scores were improved, but did not reveal significant differences 12 months (T3) after the operation compared with the preoperative (T0) values in both groups (Conventional surgery group: T0=21.41 T3= 17.90; p = 0.934, NOSE surgery goup T0= 26.53 T3= 18.23; p = 0.229). GIQLI scores were significantly improved 12 months after the operation compared with the baseline values in Conventional surgery group T0= 95.44 T3= 111.39 p = 0.002. EHP30 scores were significantly improved concerning pain, emotion well-being, control and powerlessness, self-image, social support and sexuality scale 12 months after the operation compared with the preoperative values in both groups.

 An obvious bias of performance is the lack of blinding, however blinding was not feasible due to the clinical nature of our study. We report no imprecision in patient selection, but a potential source of attrition bias in our data occured in a total number of three cases in NOSE-group.

 Our study does not show a statistically significant difference between conventional or NOSE surgery for short and mid-term functional digestive outcomes. Occurrence of longterm bowel dysfunction does not appear to be related to a specific surgical technique.

 ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT04109378


Objectives: The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence, distribution, and
associations of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) with perinatal complications (PC),
childhood illness (CI), and prolonged antibiotic consumption (PAC) among children attending
the Polyclinic, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, IIUM, from February 2013 until December 2013.
Materials and methods: A matched-pair case control study on children of 7 to 14 years of age
was conducted. MIH was determined based on criteria from EAPD seminar, Athens 2003
(Weerheijm et al., 2003). Inter-examiner reliability was tested with Kappa statistic (0.80).
This research was approved by the IIUM Research Ethic Committee (IREC). Results: Out of
201 patients, 25 were detected having MIH. The prevalence of MIH was 12.4% within the 11
month period. Among those 25 patients, 52.0% were boys and 48.0% were girls. Locations
of MIH were found in maxilla (57%) and mandible (43%). There was no statistically significant
association between MIH and arches (p=0.282) and gender (p=1.000). Chi-square
goodness-of-fit test indicated that the three sites were not equally probable (p=0.000). Binomial
test further showed that the probability of occurrence of MIH at the tip of canine
(2.9%) was significantly lower (p=0.000) compared to the occlusal site of first permanent
molar (FPM) (54.2%) and the cervical of incisors (42.9%). Analysis of risk factors indicated
significant association between MIH with CI (p=0.000). No significant associations were
found between MIH with PC (p=0.187) and PAC (p=0.489). Conclusion: MIH was not
related to any particular arches and gender. It was also less likely to occur at the tip of
canine. MIH was associated with CI but not with PC and PAC. Early diagnosis and prevention
can minimize significant dental complications, reduce the risk of caries and provide
a better clinical management for the patients.


The present invention discloses a method for preparing the epitaxial structure and a LED, comprising from bottom to top: a substrate; the GaN nucleation layer; superlattice buffer layer on the plurality of AlGaN / n-GaN are alternately stacked structure consisting of; n-GaN layer ; the MQW light-emitting layer; p-GaN layer and a p-type contact layer; wherein: the definition of Al (n) represents the n-to-AlGaN / n-GaN super lattice buffer layer of Al composition value, N (n) representative of of n-AlGaN / n-GaN super lattice buffer layer on the n-type impurity concentration, Al (n) is trend is gradually increased and then gradually decreased to, N (n) is trend is gradually increased and then gradually decreased to . LED structure of the present invention provides an epitaxial wafer, the growth period can be effective in the full release of the underlying lattice strains due to the sapphire substrate and the GaN crystal lattice caused by lattice mismatch due to mismatch, thereby greatly reducing the entire wafer at a high temperature growth process warping to enhance wafer yield and wavelength of concentration, while GaN lattice effectively improve the quality, reduce a lattice dislocation density, the device is more stable photovoltaic characteristics.


The influence of various shoes on young girls' health has drawn much attention from the society. Hence, many articles have focused on the topic, that is to say, what kind of shoes are suitable for young girls' physical growth. In this paper measuring kinematics and dynamics parameters were used to make a comparative research. Based on the biomechanical comparison on different gaits, among those girls put on high- heeled shoes, putting shoes and other kinds of shoes individually, it was advisable that high-heel shoes and putting shoes have negative effect on young girls' normal growth.


We examined the effects of temporarily accessible causal uncertainty and causal importance on persuasion. Participants completed a scrambled sentence priming task, read strong or weak, causal or noncausal arguments, and then reported their attitudes. We found that participants primed with high levels of causal uncertainty and importance thought carefully about the causal arguments. They were more persuaded by the strong compared to weak causal arguments, and this effect was partially mediated by the favorability of their message-relevant thoughts. Participants primed with high causal uncertainty and low causal importance were more persuaded by strong compared to weak noncausal arguments, but this effect was not mediated by thoughts. We discuss the implications of these findings for the causal uncertainty and persuasion literatures.


The aim of this report is to summarize the results of the International Conference on Population held in Mexico City in August 1984 and to review the findings of working groups and regional meetings held in preparation for the conference. Chapters are included on developments in the decade since the 1974 World Population Conference world population trends fertility and the family population distribution and migration mortality and morbidity population and the environment results of five regional U.N. conferences the proceedings and results of the Mexico City conference and activities involving Belgium.


The invention relates to an OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) imaging system and a measurement method for monitoring the shaping effect of an orthokeratology lens by using a living body, wherein the OCT imaging system comprises a control computer, a spectral-domain OCT imaging module, a human eye scanning module and an optotype aligning module; the spectral-domain OCT imaging module comprises a partial spectral-domain OCT imaging module and a full spectral-domain OCT imaging module; a movable 45-degree spectroscope is arranged between the partial spectral-domain OCT imaging module and the full spectral-domain OCT imaging module. The measurement method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining a full orthokeratology image of a living body; (2) obtaining an actual lens thickness contour image; (3) analyzing the center positioning state of the whole orthokeratology lens; (4) obtaining a partial high-definition image of the orthokeratology lens, and obtaining the length, width and area of a transition region. According to the OCT imaging system and the measurement method for monitoring the shaping effect of the orthokeratology lens by using the living body, the orthokeratology image of the living body and the partial orthokeratology image in a feature region are analyzed, the transition region of the orthokeratology lens is directly imaged, and a purpose of dynamically monitoring the cornea flattening progress and the cornea shaping effect according to the dynamic variation of a tear film along with time is achieved.


Background: Because of a lack of information about the rupture size of chronic dissecting descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysms, we evaluated the natural history of those aneurysms.

Patiens and Methods: Data on 422 patients (mean age, 63.3 ± 11.3; 272 male) with chronic dissection in descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta treated at our institution from 2007 to 2014, were analyzed. Patients with connective tissue disorder, impending rupture of aneurysms, infected aneurysms, and an acute dissection without aneurysms were excluded. Chronic dissection was defined as a dissection more than 2 weeks from symptom onset. The aneurysm diameter at the time of the rupture was measured on CT scan in ruptured aneurysms group (n=21), and initial aneurysmal diameter on CT scan in non-ruptured aneurysms group (n=401). The measurements were performed at maximum short axis diameter of the aneurysm on three-dimensional CT.

Results: Midian size of all aneurysms was 4.5 cm (range 3.5 to 9.0 cm) and that of in ruptured aneurysms was 5.9 cm (range 4.5-8.0 cm). The location of aneurysms was descending aorta in 303 patients, thoracoabdominal aorta in 119. Aortic surgery was performed in 150 patients (urgent in 20, elective in 130). Hospital mortality rate were 20% (5/20) in patients with ruptured aneurysms and 2.3% (3/130) in patients with non-ruptured aneurysms. Figure shows the incidences of rupture according to the aneurysm size. The incidence of a rupture increases with larger aortic size. At 3.5 to 3.9 cm, 4.0 to 4.4 cm, 4.5 to 4.9 cm, 5.0 to 5.4 cm, 5.5 to 5.9 cm and more than 6.0 cm, the incidence of rupture was 0%, 0%, 1.2%, 10.2%, 14.3% 20.8%, respectively. The aneurysms more than 5.0 cm were ruptured in 15.1% of patients.

Conclusions: Because an elective operation is associated with low mortality, operative indication of chronic dissecting aneurysm in descending and thoracic-abdominal aorta should be considered when its size is 5.0 cm or larger in good-risk patients.

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The study examined the behaviour of a rotating system containing a textile element. A mathematical model is formulated and a numerical investigation is performed. It has been found that the layer of fibres limits the mass motion and stabilises the rotary motion, thereby preventing a decrease in the speed of the system.


This introduction to the special issue in commemoration of Franz von Benda-Beckmann revisits central theses in his intellectual oeuvre, which spans more than 45 years. Some of his publications long ago acquired the status of classics in the field of legal anthropology and studies in legal pluralism. This article asks how we can profit from his uncanny ability to identify the next decisive problems and emerging challenges to the analysis of law in society. This introduction distils out of Franz von Benda-Beckmann's rich legacy a number of forward-looking perspectives that constitute valuable contributions to ongoing and future-oriented debates. Developments in the legal sphere that increasingly have attracted interest in legal anthropology are foregrounded. The literature discussed in the article provides a wide array of arguments useful for the exploration of new horizons within the anthropological study of legal phenomena.


Overly sensitive, aversive reactions to stress seem to run in families. The literature abounds with reports of relatives in these populations predisposed to depression, anxiety, and even suicide. Some family members present with glucocorticoid levels notched abnormally high, and in curiously deregulated concentrations. Behaviorally, they seem to exist at a permanent state of high alert.


Digital libraries have to provide the user with seamless access to digital information resources in di erent formats. This paper explains InfoWeaver, an information integration system which can dynamically construct various views on structured documents, Web, and databases according to users' visual speci cation for data manipulation. We have implemented a prototype system which accommodates OpenText index server, Web, and Oracle8.


The machinability of Titanium alloy Ti6Al4V is poor, so the new green cutting technology with water vapor and ionized air as coolants and lubricants was proposed to achieve the aim of efficient and green cutting for Ti6Al4V. In this paper, the milling formation and milling force were studied in machining Ti6Al4V with application of ionized air and water vapor for cooling lubricants. A set of milling tests using carbide tool YG6 were performed under dry cutting, oil emulsion, water vapor and ionized air, respectively. The results of tests indicated that the milling formation was decreased with increasing feed per tooth and the milling force increased with increasing feed per tooth, the milling formation and milling force were reduced during water vapor and ionized air condition.


A far-infrared resonance has been observed in superconducting YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} thin films in the presence of high magnetic fields. It corresponds to the quasiparticle pair creation process inside the vortex core. The resonance frequency is {omega}{sub 0}=1.3{ital kT}{sub {ital c}}/{h bar} with a linewidth 1/{tau}{congruent}0.6{omega}. This value for {omega}{sub 0} implies, within BCS theory, a large energy gap in YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7}.


We have embarked on a survey of ROSAT PSPC archival data searching for all detected surface brightness enhancements due to sources in the innermost R ≤ 15′ of the PSPC field of view in the energy band 0.5–2.0keV. This project is part of the Wide Angle ROSAT Pointed Survey (WARPS) and is designed primarily to measure the low luminosity, high redshift, X-ray luminosity function of galaxy clusters and groups. Accurate measurements of the high redshift XLF would allow the form of the XLF evolution to be determined via the position of the Schechter function break. This would help discriminate between luminosity and density evolution, and discriminate between different hierarchical models, e.g., those including a different mix of fundamental particles, a flat power spectrum of the initial fluctuations, and reheating of the intracluster gas at high redshifts.


In this paper the flow of a viscoelastic fluid where the motion is due to the fluctuations of the outer cylinder has been studied. The governing equations are expressed in cylindrical polar coordinates. The influence of elastic parameter on velocity distribution and skin friction has been studied and the velocity profiles are shown in graphs.


To solve the difficulty of deciding the weight of multi-attribute,multi-criterion mechanical optimal select, this paper presents an improved method, where the weight as-signed module is fulfilled by fuzzy neural network. This method makes weight assignment more objective and more accurate. The model is also capable of self-learning.


In this article the phenomenon of service is considered in terms of the consumer society associated with its development. Revealed historical genesis of modern consumerism. Consumer culture is defined as a consequence of the establishment of appropriate cultural and anthropological model. Considered valuable basis of crisis in the system of modern world structure.


Traditionally, linguistic description of patients with Williams Syndrome has repeatedly highlighted the fact that they present an outstanding social and verbal ability (specially regarding the use of lexical items), which contrasted with the mental handicap normally associated with such condition; yet, the adoption of Linguistic Pragmatic approaches used in clinic linguistics has shown that speakers with Williams Syndrome presented important limitations within his context. In this research, in order to achieve a thorough description of this handicap, we include the results obtained from the application of two kinds of protocols: the PerLA profi le (descriptive-qualitative in essence) and PREP-INIA (which allows


The article analyzes the current legislation of Ukraine, judicial practice and theoretical positions on the definition and essence institute representation in civil processes. English abstract Y. Zeykan , V. Ignatenko Representation in civil law Due to the recent changes made to the Constitution of Ukraine, which gradually introduces "monopoly of lawyers" to represent people in courts, it is important to decide on the actual purpose of the Institute representative, its concept and essence. According to Art. 38 CCP party, third party, a person under the law protects the rights, freedoms or interests of others as well as applicants and other interested parties in separate proceedings (except for cases of adoption) can participate in a civil case in person or through a representative. The term "representation" can be viewed in three ways: as an Institute of Civil Procedure; a relationship with representative; activity as representative. The views of scientists on this issue can be divided into two basic concepts: "action (activity)" and "relationship", depending on the answer to the question of what is to represent the activity or legal relationship within which these activities occur. Describing Institute representation in civil proceedings should identify inherent characteristics: - members can only be individuals who have full civil capacity and under 18 years of age (except in special cases); - the representative can only be a natural person; - organizations that do not have legal personality, always involved in the process through representatives; - the activity of a legal person is considered as well as the activities of the representative. The object of the legal relationship between the representative and the court should consider protection, (in separate proceedings) violated, unrecognized or disputed rights, freedoms and interests of individuals and legal entities, state interests in civil proceedings.


To analyse the heat transfer coefficient of fin with different perforation size for the given fin spacing using free convection heat transfer from the plate having circular perforation fin array. Circular perforation fin array with aluminium fin and aluminium base plate to hold the fins is constructed. Fins with different circular perforation size are used. The aim of this experiment is to determine the optimum circulat perforation size to maximize heat transfer by natural convection at different heat inputs.


Aim: Saliva play a diagnostic tool for oral and systematic diseases has multiple advantages over other body fluids especially . The aim of this study was to explore the potential of salivary glucose as a marker in diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus using glucoseoxidase method, and as a non-invasive method replacing an invasive blood glucose estimation method. Materials and methods: Fasting blood and unstimulated whole saliva were collected from 50 controls, 50 newly diagnosed diabetics, and 50 diabetics under treatment. Blood and salivary glucose were analyzed in the samples by glucose-oxidase method. Results: The mean level of salivary glucose was reported to be 0.53 ± 0.4mg/dl in controls, 1.14 ± 1.55mg/dl in newly diagnosed diabetics, and 1.22 mg/dl ± 1.99 in diabetics under treatment. Conclusion: The mean level of salivary glucose in diabetics was significantly higher than that in non-diabetics. A positive, linear and significant, yet weak correlation between salivary and blood glucose suggests some potential for saliva as a marker in diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus.


At the invitation of the "Moral Re-armament" Norwegian Foundation and the Friedrich-Ebert Foundation of Germany, the delegation of the Chinese Association for International Understanding(CAFIU), headed by Vice-President, Mr. Zhu Dacheng,paid a visit to Norway and Germany from May 17 to 27. During the visit, we did some research on the state of NGOs in the two countries.


Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC), often used for comparing classifiers, is a widely accepted performance measure for ranking instances. Many researches have studied optimization of AUC, usually via optimizing some approximation of a ranking function. Ranking SVMs are among the better performers but their usage in the literature is typically limited to learning a total ranking from partial rankings . In this paper, we observe that a ranking SVM is in fact a direct optimization of AUC via optimizing the Wilcoxon-MannWhitney statistic. We compare a linear ranking SVM with some well-known linear classifiers such as linear SVM, perceptron and logit in the context of binary classification. We show that an SVM optimized for ranking not only achieves better AUC than other linear classifiers on average, but also performs comparably in accuracy.


Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs), widely used in liquid crystal displays, have been recognized as a class of potential emerging pollutants in the environment. However, their atmospheric fate and toxi...


In naturally reproducing populations one usually encounters an average number of more than one offspring per individual. However, given non-extinction, classical super-critical branching processes grow beyond all bounds. This is unrealistic because of bounded resources. We consider a model for a population with subpopulations living in separated regions and with migration between the regions. In addition to the births and deaths in a super-critical branching mechanism, there are deaths resulting from competition between any two individuals in one subpopulation. We prove that there is exactly one attractive equilibrium distribution and that the system starting in any nontrivial initial measure converges to this equilibrium distribution. The interpretation of this result is that the population stabilizes in the equilibrium state after some time whenever external events such as natural catastrophes decimate the population. Furthermore, we establish a criterion on the parameters for local extinction of the population. This book is written for mathematicians who are interested in population models with competition ore more generally in population dynamics.


In article questions of formation of the emotional and valuable attitude of school students towards traditional culture on the basis of studying of works of the Russian composers with application of a complex of methods of music education and spiritual and moral education of the identity of the school student are considered Keywords: traditional culture, emotional and valuable relation, works of the Russian composers, methods of music education and spiritual and moral education.


This study investigates whether financial data providers serve as information intermediaries in capital markets. To this end, I examine whether the timeliness of earnings information disseminated by First Call (Thomson Reuters) affects the market's reaction to earnings announcements. I document that the immediate price and volume response is weaker and the post-earnings-announcement drift stronger for earnings news disseminated with a delay by First Call. To mitigate endogeneity concerns, I study the market reaction on the day of the delayed dissemination and show that a significant part of the stronger drift is clustered around this day.


In Australia, the family Microhylidae consists of 19 species of Cophixalus Boettger 1892 and 5 species of Austrochaperina Fry 1912 (Hoskin 2012; Hoskin, submitted). Most of these species have highly localized distributions in the rainforests and boulder-fields of north-east Australia (Zweifel 1985; Hoskin 2004; Hoskin & Aland 2011). Australian microhylid frogs are terrestrial breeders with direct development (Zweifel 1985; Hoskin 2004; Anstis et al. 2011). The natural history of Australia's microhylids is fairly well known, with the basics of breeding biology such as calls and clutch sizes published for most species (Zweifel 1985; Hoskin 2004; Anstis et al. 2011; Hoskin & Aland 2011; Hoskin 2012; Hoskin, submitted). Hoskin & Aland (2011) described two new species from Cape York Peninsula, C. pakayakulangun and C. kulakula , each restricted to boulder-field areas only 30 km apart but readily distinguished by morphology and genetics. Calls could not be compared because the call of C. pakayakulangun was not known at that time. Clutch information for C. pakayakulangun was also not available at the time of description.


In wireless sensor network, Admission Control (AC) is one of the key traffic management mechanisms that should be installed to afford Quality of Service (QoS) support for real-time traffic. A scheduling scheme used by each node in the sensor network plays a vital role for efficient data transfer in the network. Scheduling link transmissions in a wireless network so as to enhance one or more of the performance objectives (e.g. throughput, delay, or energy) has been the area of much interest over the previous several decades. To avoid the interference between the transmitted packets in the nodes of the networks we use the interference modelling in our system. In our proposed work we study the various scheduling algorithm which enhance the system parameters such as throughput, channel utilization and reduce the delay and packet loss ratio in sensor environment. We also analyse the packet collision rate in various scheduling algorithm.


In the paper,the author concentrates on the determination of MS location by exploiting the already available communication signals.The practical case indicates that this successive method has fast convergence speed and can attain very high accuracy under certain complexity.


The future diameter of stems in even-aged Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands subjected to different thinning regimes was modelled, using data from a thinning experiment established in 2...


This new sales management text takes a practical, goal-oriented approach to teaching sales management skills and concepts, using the steps along the typical career path of the sales manager, from field representative to upper management. This unique approach helps students understand the sales management profession as they would most likely experience it themselves.


British Columbia's public drug plan expanded access to four new, expensive, hepatitis C drugs on March 21, following a similar decision by Ontario's public drug plan February 28.

But even as hepatitis treatment experts cheered this expansion, several decry the lack of transparency about the


Two elements A and B in a ring ~9 determine a generalized derivation SA,B on 9R by setting 6A,B(X) = AX XA for any X in 91. We characterize when the product 6C,DSA,B is a generalized derivation in the cases when the ring 9R is the algebra of all bounded operators on a Banach space ?, and when 9fl is a C*-algebra 91. We use these characterizations to compute the commutant of the range of 3A,B-


The purpose of this study was to create a design study, describe the steps strategy of inquiry, describing multimedia storyboard learning and knowing the skills to formulate and use the concept of vibration learners with the development strategy of inquiry through multimedia science teaching in class VIII SMP Negeri 20 Singkawang. This research is the development of a product. Data were obtained through interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis using descriptive analysis techniques interactive model of Miles & Huberman. The results showed that the use of multimedia fit for use as a medium of learning. The average valuation of the trial is overall of 94% with a very good category. The results obtained demonstrate the achievement of learners skills to formulate and use the concept of vibration with an average of 87.14 over the minimum completeness criteria (KKM) 73.


This paper introduces how to realize the communication between Access database and Excel report form based on the ADO database connection technology and SQL query language by exemplify the implementation of query and report printing technology of the library management system It has be integrated and automated and has great reference value.


Thaicharmus indicus sp. n. from India (Goa State) is described and compared with T. mahunkai Kovařik, 1995 from Thailand and T. lowei Kovařik, Soleglad et Fet, 2007 from India. The genus Thaicharmus Kovařik, 1995 is discussed and a key is provided. Photos of male T. mahunkai are published for the first time.


A Dual Extended Kalman Filter was implemented for the identification of time-varying human manual control behavior. Two filters that run concurrently were used, a state filter that estimates the equalization dynamics, and a parameter filter that estimates the neuromuscular parameters and time delay. Time-varying parameters were modeled as a random walk. The filter successfully estimated time-varying human control behavior in both simulated and experimental data. Simple guidelines are proposed for the tuning of the process and measurement covariance matrices and the initial parameter estimates. The tuning was performed on simulation data, and when applied on experimental data, only an increase in measurement process noise power was required in order for the filter to converge and estimate all parameters. A sensitivity analysis to initial parameter estimates showed that the filter is more sensitive to poor initial choices of neuromuscular parameters than equalization parameters, and bad choices for initial parameters can result in divergence, slow convergence, or parameter estimates that do not have a real physical interpretation. The promising results when applied to experimental data, together with its simple tuning and low dimension of the state-space, make the use of the Dual Extended Kalman Filter a viable option for identifying time-varying human control parameters in manual tracking tasks, which could be used in real-time human state monitoring and adaptive human-vehicle haptic interfaces.


Butyl acrylate and styrene were used as monomers in the first stage and second stage respectively, and potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), as the initiator to synthesize the polymer/polymer composite latex by two-stage soapless emulsion polymerization. In the first stage, the poly(butyl acrylate) with crosslinking structure (PBA(XL)) was synthesized to be the seed latex. In the second stage, the styrene was polymerized in the presence of PBA(XL) seeds to form the PBA(XL)/PS composite latex. The morphology of the composite latex was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and showed that composite latex particles were with core-shell structure. The particle size distribution of the composite latex was very uniform. The kinetics of reaction of the second stage polymerization were investigated. The results showed that the reaction rate would be influenced by the degree of crosslinking of the PBA(XL) seeds, initiator concentration and agitation speed. The components of the PBA(XL)/PS composite polymers were measured by thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) analysis. The results showed a thin layer of PBA-graft-PS copolymer between the core (PBA) and shell (PS) region. The morphology of the PBA(XL)/PS composite polymers, processed under heat and pressure, was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The morphology may change gradually with increase of processing time. The mechanical properties and rheological properties of the composite polymers were investigated.


This thesis deals with two topics in the coevolution between brood parasites and their hosts: 1) evolution of host adaptations against parasite egg mimicry, and 2) sources that could explain the considerable variation in rejection behaviour found among various passerines.1) Several common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) tribes or gentes in Europe have evolved eggs that are remarkably similar to the host eggs in both size and appearance (i.e. egg mimicry). To counter this adaptation in the parasite, hosts can produce eggs with similar appearance within clutches (low intraclutch variation) as well as eggs with diverging appearance between different clutches (high interclutch variation). Many North American passerines are utilised as hosts by the brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater). However, this parasite generally lays non-mimetic eggs. As predicted, we found that European passerines had a lower intraclutch variation and a higher interclutch variation in egg appearance than North American passerines.However, the difference in intraclutch variation between the continents was less than expected. A relationship has previously been found among European passerines between the rejection rate of non-mimetic eggs and clutch variation in egg appearance, and this is thought to reflect the stage in the coevolution between parasite and host. We found no evidence of such patterns among North American species. These results provide support for the hypothesis that specific host clutch variation is a counteradaptation against parasite egg mimicry.We investigated whether there was any difference in clutch variation between acceptors and rejecters of parasitic eggs within populations of three European passerines; reed warblers (Acrocephalus scirpaceus), chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs), and blackcaps (Sylvia atricapilla). In a Czech reed warbler population with an intermediate rejection rate of non-mimetic cuckoo eggs, it was found that rejecters had a statistically significant lower intraclutch variation than acceptors of such eggs. Age or conditional stimuli did not seem to have any influence on the rejectionbehaviour. A similar experiment was carried out in a Norwegian chaffinch population and a Czech blackcap population, which, however, were experimentally parasitised with foreign conspecific eggs because they are both very good rejecters of nonmimetic parasitic eggs. We found no difference in intraclutch variation among acceptors and rejecters of foreign eggs in chaffinches and blackcaps. However, it was found that the rejection of conspecific eggs greatly depends upon the contrast (i.e. mimicry) between the parasitic and their own eggs. It therefore seems that even though individuals have the ability to reject foreign eggs, limitations in their cognitive system entails that parasitic eggs that are too similar to the host eggs will be accepted. We also looked for potential effects of age on rejection behaviour and intraclutch variation, but no relationship between these variables was found. The results indicate that in these three species both rejection behaviour and clutch variation are more or less innate features, and also that there is a genetically based linkage between recognition of odd eggs and intraclutch variation in egg appearance.2) Many hosts of brood parasites show no or only intermediate rejection rates of foreign non-mimetic eggs. Evolution of proper rejection behaviour could be prevented by costs related to egg rejection. Important in this respect are erroneous rejection of their own eggs in non-parasitised nests (recognition errors) and rejection of their own eggs in addition to the parasitic egg in parasitised clutches (rejection costs). Because successful cuckoo parasitism usually is detrimental to the breeding success of the host, only recognition errors are believed to be important as an opposing selective pressure against proper host defence in cuckoo hosts. We examined whether such costs exist in chaffinches and blackcaps. These species maintain a high rejection rate of foreign eggs, even though they are not currently used as hosts by the cuckoo. We therefore predicted that recognition errors should be absent or at least rare in these species. We found support for this prediction; rejection costs were relatively high but recognition errors were at best rare events.In another investigation, we proposed a hypothesis (the "spatial habitat structure hypothesis") based upon metapopulation dynamics and characteristics concerning host breeding habitats to explain the variation in rejection behaviour found among European passerines. This hypothesis is based upon the fact that the cuckoo, as well as other avian brood parasites, needs access to vantage points in trees to monitor host nests, and thus only species breeding near trees are available as hosts. Our results were very much in accordance with this hypothesis. Species that breed both near and far away from trees are the best cuckoo hosts, because gene flow from non-parasitised populations breeding far from trees will prevent the evolution of proper rejection behaviour in parasitised populations breeding near trees. However, species that always breed near trees have high rejection rates because the majority of the populations have been utilised as hosts, and thus there has been a strong selection for the evolution of host defences. Furthermore, the level of parasite egg mimicry and the level of parasitism was found to be highest among hosts breeding both near and far away from trees, indicating that the cuckoo is most successful when utilising such species as hosts.


In present conditions of instability of the environment, entrepreneurs assume the most of the business risks. In this regard, problems of ensuring the economic security become particularly important. The comprehensive system of ensuring the economic security of enterprise was worked out and the results are presented in the article. This system is able to ensure enterprise efficient operation and sustainable development based on implemented set of measures. Four main phases of economic security are identified: planning; monitoring of external and internal environment; identification and implementation of measures to respond to threats; and the control and improvement of the system. Suggested recommendations of strengthening each functional component of economic security can be taken into account by the management of enterprise. Implementation of the proposed mechanism of ensuring the economic security of enterprise serves as a basis to achieve its strong economic performance and development of the economy as a whole.


Background: The Surgical Society of Oncology Choosing Wisely Campaign for breast cancer advocates against the routine use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for women ≥ 70 years with early stage estrogen positive (ER+), clinically node negative (cN0) disease, given the low likelihood of axillary involvement and axillary recurrence risk, absence of survival benefit and greater reliance on genomic testing for therapeutic decisions. We hypothesize that this practice may be extended to a younger cohort of patients. In this proof-of-concept feasibility study, we first sought to determine the incidence of node positive (N+) disease in our health system using natural language understanding (NLU) technology to extract relevant data from the electronic medical record (EMR). NLU of the clinical narrative has been proven to aid clinical decision support by extracting relevant information and can populate clinical databases to facilitate optimal population management strategies. The advantage of NLU over a cancer registry is the speed and efficiency of data extraction for a large number of patients in real time, plus the capture of data points not conventionally included in a registry.
 Methods: All patients with early stage ER+, cN0 breast cancer who had SLNB from January 2015-December 2017 were identified in an integrated academic health network comprised of 15 hospitals in Western Pennsylvania. Patitent clinical data were abstracted from the EMR using Realyze Intelligence™ NLU technology. The Realyze NLU pipeline uses a combination of machine learning algorithms and standard terminologies to create a breast cancer patient model that includes genomic, phenotypic, and clinical data. The pipeline gathers information from all data sources – structured and unstructured – and normalizes the information to create a complete model of patient clinical criteria.
 Realyze Information Models use clinical data formatting flexible enough to represent clinical disorders on a concept level as well as the encounter, patient, and population levels. A breast cancer model with focus on the lymph node identification, pathological as well as clinical tumor and node classification were developed and mapped to standard terminology. A Semantic Reasoning layer is provided by different mechanisms including a rule-based layer to render answers to the questions posed in this hypothesis.
 NLU performance was validated by manually verifying key clinical variables (i.e., clinical stage, pathologic stage, and nodal positivity) on a subset of patients. Statistical analysis to determine any difference in N+ rates by age was performed using Chi-square testing with significance set at p < 0.05.
 Results: We identified 602 pts with early stage ER+, cN0 breast cancer over this period who underwent SLNB. Average age was 59.6 years old. As a whole group, there was an increase in N+ rates as the stage increased (Table 1). When comparing incidence of N+ disease stratified by age (< 70 or >70), there was no difference in N+ rates across all stages. In addition, equally low rates of SLN positivity were seen for patients specifically with stage T1a and T1b disease.
 Conclusions: These data suggest that the Choosing Wisely recommendation to omit SLNB may be extended to a younger cohort of pts with ER+, cN0 disease, specifically those with stage T1a or T1b tumors. With low rates of N+ disease, and less reliance on axillary stage for treatment decision making, the harms of surgical axillary staging may outweigh the benefits. Future validation is needed with a larger sample size.
 Table 1
 Citation Format: Neil Carleton, Gilan Saadawi, Steffi Oesterreich, ADRIAN V. LEE, Emilia Diego. Omission of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients with Early Stage Breast Cancer: Looking Beyond the Choosing Wisely Guidelines for Age < 70 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-14-07.


AbstractThe effect of heat treatment on the photosensitivity and electrophotographic properties of lead monoxide powder has been investigated. There appears to be a critical temperature of annealing at which photosensitivity is maximum and the darkconductivity is minimum. The electrophotographic behaviour characterized by acceptance potential, dark discharge rate, contrast potential, etc. improved considerably on thermal treatment. The results have been explained mainly on the basis of barrier layer formation at the intergranular sites.


The world is currently facing a crisis of unimaginable proportions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and this novel coronavirus continues to pile misery on people of all ages, all across the world, and from all walks of life. In the past few months, governments have imposed unprecedented measures to halt the spread of the coronavirus, and these measures continue to impact daily lives and societies while also business operations and the economy in general. The field of bioanalysis is one of the many fields facing changes and challenges in the current crisis, which, fortunately, do not all strictly have a negative impact on laboratory operations, as was recently discussed by Pruim and Teekamp [1]. This article highlighted some of the impact on an industrial bioanalytical setting, and here we aim to complement their work by elaborating on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of bioanalytical research and training in an academic laboratory.


Background : Herb extract as an antibiotic adjuvant can reduce the antibiotic resistance problem. S. polyanthum contains some active compound such as flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and alkaloid that has antibacterial effect. The purpose of this research to know the combination effect between extract leaf S. polyanthum and amoxicillin  on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus growth. Method: Methanol extract and leaf S. polyanthum decoction were dropped in the nutrient agar that contains the bacteria. Zone of inhibition (ZOI) test by using Kirby-Bauer method. The interaction of S polyanthum  and Amoxicillin were calculated by using Ameri –Ziaei Double  Antibiotic Synergisem Test (AZDAST) with significant level p 0,05 ) were higher than single ADT (11,3±3,0). ZOI antibiotic combination and DSA against Staphylococcus aureus ADT+HDT (17,3 ± 1.1) ( p 0,05 ) were higher than single ADT (7,6 ± 0,5). Conclusion: Antibiotic combination effect of EMSA against Staphylococcus aureus in all dosage has synergy effect. Antibiotic combination effect DSA against Escherichia coli in (ADT+HDT, ADT+HDR, ADR+HDT) has synergy effect. Keywords: Syzygium polyanthum, A moxicillin, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Antibiotic resistance antibiotik


Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are energy storage devices designed for grid-scale application. For next generation RFBs it is desirable to develop low cost materials with low ohmic resistance and high transport selectivity. We present a composite membrane for the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) consisting of a composite of a porous polypropylene separator laminated with a thin film of polybenzimidazole (PBI). PBI layers are prepared by solution casting to obtain thicknesses in the range of 0.2 to 10 μm. The ohmic resistance of vanadium electrolyte imbibed PBI is ~50 mOhmcm2 per micrometer of film thickness at room temperature. In cell tests, composite membranes show higher coulombic efficiency compared to Nafion® 212. Composite membranes with a PBI layer thickness of 1 μm and below outperform Nafion® 212 in terms of energy efficiency and discharge capacity up to a current density of 250 mA/cm2. With thicker PBI films the ohmic cell resistance is excessively high. Over 100 charge-discharge cycles a higher rate of capacity fading is observed for a composite membrane with 0.7 μm PBI compared to Nafion® 212, which is a result of a more pronounced net electrolyte flux from the negative to the positive electrolyte.


This article tries to evaluate the proportion of the red offix foundation and the stability of karst foundation, and attains the aim of rational evaluation of the stability of the karst foundation through the sampling of kart rimrock,and checking the stability according to the condition how the heam plank accepts the force.


The present invention is based on the improved photovoltaic device ( "PV device"), and more specifically, bonded multi-layer photovoltaic cell assembly at the interface region (410) and (100) main body portion (200) and provided with an intermediate layer (500), at least one interconnect structure members (1500), relaxation mechanism (2500) includes a specific component shapes, or any combination thereof, photoelectromotive an improved it is based on the power unit (10).


First World War relics: watercolour sketches by Chisholm from Belgium; leave pass and train ticket; samples of Iron Cross certificate; photograph of Chisholm; photographs of Germans etc. Folder containing 'Martial Memoirs', sketches made in or near trenches; various German merit certificates etc. left behind by enemy troops.


Sediment erosion through synergetic effects between free surface vortex (FSV) and particle erosion in silt-laden flow seriously affects the safe operations of pump. The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of free surface vortex entrainment on the erosion inner the pump impeller, aimed at the FSV and sediment erosion in sediment laden flow in a pump station of Yellow River, a new Eulerian-Lagrange approach was applied to simulate the sediment-laden flow by combining the Lagrange particle tracking approach and Volume of Fluid (VOF) method, followed by the application of Tabakoff model to estimate the erosion. Volume of fluid method was used to simulate the continuous flow FSV, and Lagrange method the particle trajectory. The theoretical model and filed results on site were used to verify the reliability of the proposed approach. Free surface vortex on particle motion and microscopic interactions between air and erosion were reviewed and discussed. Combined with the theoretical analysis and calculation results, the particle impact angle in the impeller was analyzed, and the erosion types were defined. Air entrainment by FSV does not directly erode the impeller components, but mainly changes the position, the local velocity and the concentration of the particles, which aggravates the sediment erosion in the impeller. Interestingly, air entrainment can reduce the surface erosion at some instantaneous moments. The present work may provide important engineering insights to resolve the erosion.


Plastic behavior in shear of Ti-alloy: Ti-6Al-4V is the theme of this paper. A fast hydraulic machine, and the direct impact technique with impact velocities from 2 m/s to 120 m/s were applied to study this alloy. The following range of strain rate was applied: 10 E -3 to 5 * 10 E 4 1/s using the MDS specimen geometry, [2]. The role of the stress concentrator is discussed in triggering of failure by Adiabatic Shear Bands (ASB). A local failure criterion is proposed which is based on the critical strain of the final localization. The criterion has been applied in a numerical code, [10], permitting to calculate dynamic failure by adiabatic shearing. Finally, a brief discussion is includes on the Critical Impact Velocity in shear, [1,2,7,10].


Objective Precision apparatusinfusion is reduce the effect of infusion reaction and use the security. Methods 120 cases the use of precision filtration infusion, among the 120 cases using common infusion. Results the observation group adverse reactions happen 4 cases(3.1%), and the control group adverse reactions occur in 23 cases, (accounts for 21.7%) the x 2 inspection, a statistically significant difference(P 0.05). Conclusion Precision apparatus infusion can reduce adverse events, than common infusion use safer.


Light curve of the multicentral model of photosynthetic unit (PSU) has been obtained. The shape of the curve depends on the efficiency of energy migration between PSU--for the unicentral PSU, and on the number of traps for multicentral PSU. The criteria distinguishing between the two models are proposed. If the efficiency of energy migration between PSU is no more than 0,7, then, there exist ony unicentral and bicentral PSU.


The jointless pedicel trait of tomato conferred by the j-2 gene is widely used in processing markets for stem-free removal of fruit to accommodate mechanized harvest. Although current utilization of j-2 for fresh-market tomato breeding is limited, interest in this trait may increase as breeders seek to address high labor costs through the development of mechanically harvestable cultivars for the fresh market. Yet, the introduction of this trait into new market classes heavily relies on phenotypic selection because there are presently no high-throughput methods available to genotype j-2. Reliable, high-throughput molecular markers to genotype the presence/absence of j-2 for selective breeding were developed. The molecular markers described here use the highresolution DNA melting analysis (HRM) genotyping with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS)–based genotyping. Two separate HRM-based markers target the j-2 on chromosome 12 or a linked sequence region 3.5 Mbp apart from the gene, and a dCAPS marker resides on the latter. We demonstrate the association between each marker and the jointless pedicel phenotype using segregating populations of diverse filial generations in multiple genetic backgrounds. These markers provide a useful resource for marker-assisted selection of j-2 in breeding populations. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most valuable horticultural crop worldwide (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; http://www.fao.org/faostat/ en/#data/QC/metadata). Fresh-market and processing tomatoes, the twomost commonly consumed types of tomatoes, are economically important in many countries, including the United States [United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service (USDAERS); www.ers.usda.gov/topics/crops/ vegetables-pulses/tomatoes]. Nonetheless, further improvement in horticultural performance is necessary to achieve future productivity gains, especially given the rapidly growing labor costs and recent trends in uncertainty about trained labors (California Tomato Growers Association; www.ctga.org, Florida Tomato Committee; www.floridatomatoes. org, USDA ERS). A major change among agricultural industries has been a shift toward farm machinery to achieve higher levels of productivity and market value (Pardey et al., 2016; Zahara and Johnson, 1981). Unlike processing tomatoes that have been successfully adapted for mechanized harvest, production of freshmarket tomatoes continues to rely on manual labor for harvesting and other common cultural practices (such as staking, tying, and pruning), which can account for as much as a half of the total production cost (Davis and Estes, 1993; USDA ERS). Thus, there is a significant need to research traits which will facilitate a transition to broadermechanization in fresh-market tomato production. Tomato inflorescences typically have an abscission zone (joint) in the pedicel of each flower. Detachment of the fruit at this joint at harvest results in the calyx and stem remaining attached to the fruit, which can in turn puncture or otherwise damage neighboring fruit. The jointless pedicel trait was first reported by Butler (1936). Because jointless tomatoes lack an abscission zone in the pedicel, the calyx and stem remain attached to the plant, enabling of stem-free harvest of fruit. Hand harvesting of jointed pedicel tomatoes involves the manual removal of any attached stems from fruit, but jointless pedicels are an essential component for maintaining fruit quality and marketability in cultivars intended for mechanical harvest (Scott et al., 2013; Zahara and Scheuerman, 1988). Two recessive genes known to mediate the jointless pedicels in tomato have been identified. The first gene, jointless (j), is located on chromosome 11 and was identified from S. lycopersicum accession LA624 (Rick, 1980; Wing et al., 1994). Mao et al. (2000) determined that j was a MADS-box gene controlling tomato flower abscission zone development. Later, an alternative allele, jointless-2 ( j-2; Rick, 1956) was identified in S. cheesmanii accession LA166 and also as a spontaneous mutation in cultivated tomato (Reynard, 1961). j-2 was mapped to an 6-Mbp interval in the centromeric region on chromosome 12 (Budiman et al., 2004; Yang et al., 2005; Zhang et al., 2000). Recent progress in understanding the molecular characteristics of the jointless trait has revealed the underlying gene, a MADS-box transcription factor 11 gene (Solyc12g038510) of S. lycopersicum (the jointed pedicel traitderived allele) (Soyk et al., 2017), and determined that loss of function mutations in this gene resulted in the jointless inflorescence. Hence, mutated versions of Solyc12g038510 are referred to as j-2 in the present study. j-2 has been broadly used by tomato breeding programs in the United States and around the world. However, current selection methods rely predominantly on phenotypic expression at flowering or thereafter. Marker resources to aid in selection efforts are limited. In the late 1990s, Zhang et al. (2000) developed a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker for j-2 which has been used in independent research efforts (Budiman et al., 2004; Yang et al., 2005). However, the marker system is not fully feasible because of the cumbersome process of the RAPD system and difficulty in its reproduction. The CAPS marker tagging j-2 alleles (Soyk et al., 2017) is detected via a gel-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) image and is not immediately useful for highthroughput genotyping. Thus, a practical means to select for this trait could be very helpful for introducing and selecting the jointless trait in tomato germplasm, especially for fresh-market backgrounds which are predominantly jointed. The objective of this project was to develop molecular markers linked to the j-2 locus that can be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS). We used whole-genome Received for publication 7 Nov. 2017. Accepted for publication 15 Dec. 2017. This work was supported by awards 020726 and 024065 funded through the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Specialty Crop Block Grant Program. These authors contributed equally to this work. Corresponding author. E-mail: tonggeonlee@ufl. edu. This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). HORTSCIENCE VOL. 53(2) FEBRUARY 2018 153 sequencing of jointless and jointed tomato lines to identify SNPs proximal to the locus. Materials and Methods Plant material. Nineteen inbred lines from the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) tomato breeding program were selected for whole-genome sequencing to identify polymorphisms near the j-2 locus. These included four jointless inbreds, Fla. 8383, Fla. 8916, Fla. 8924, and Fla. 8932; and 15 jointed inbreds, Fla. 630, Fla. 645, Fla. 7781, Fla. 8000, Fla. 8111B, Fla. 8297, Fla. 8344, Fla. 8516, Fla. 8517, Fla. 8570, Fla. 8624, Fla. 8638, Fla. 8820, Fla. 8872B, and Fla. 8925. Among these, Fla. 630, Fla. 645, and Fla. 8344 are plum fruit types and all others are large-round fruit types. The phenotype of each line was confirmed before sequencing. Molecular marker–phenotypic trait cosegregation was evaluated among 41 lines/ populations segregating for j-2 and among 11 lines that were fixed for the trait. Pedigrees of these materials, including the source of j-2 in each, are described in the marker evaluation tables. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing and SNP detection.We performed whole-genome shotgun sequencing of the 19 lines using Illumina technology. Genomic DNA extraction was performed as described in Li et al. (2018). Genomic DNA was sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq. 2000 at the Cornell T ab le 1 . M ar k er s u se d fo r d et ec ti o n o f th e jo in tl es s p ed ic el tr ai t.


Hazardous gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) not only emerge in the outdoor environment but also inside the house or factory which will endanger the occupants or workers. The detection devices are mainly found on public roads since detected gas mostly consists of CO and SO2. The design of air quality monitoring devices is proposed with applied sensors such as TGS2201 and MQ136. The device, when activated, will detect the gas components in the room. The results of the detection will be displayed in the value of gas concentration and quality. If the concentration exceeds the specified threshold, the fan will act to neutralize the contained air. Fuzzy logic is applied with the membership function using the Sugeno model. The test is applied in the box with maximum air pollution of 80 ppm according to the motor vehicle gas, and out of the box at a public road with maximum air pollution of 51 ppm. Each method has the differences of 29 ppm.


We report an infrequent case of focal myocardial calcification in an asymptomatic 56-year-old male, with controlled arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, there was no history of impaired calcium metabolism, or impaired renal function. Although the different study methods were negative for myocardial infarction, it could be classified as idiopathic, however, we thought it would be a diastrophic calcification mechanism, as explained in the description.


Educational infrastructure means equipment and supplies that are directly used and support the educational process, particularly the teaching and learning process, such as buildings, classrooms, tables, and chairs, as well as teaching tools and media. While what is meant by educational infrastructure are facilities that indirectly support the course of the educational process, such as yards, gardens, parks, and schools, if used directly for the teaching and learning process, such as school gardens for teaching biology or school yards as sports fields, they are components of an educational tool. Educational facilities and infrastructure are also often referred to as school facilities or school equipment. Based on the data analysis that has been done, five conclusions are obtained as follows: First, planning for the procurement of facilities and infrastructure needs at MTs Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Seblak Jombang has been arranged. In accordance with the provisions in the plan, in the procurement of facilities, it will also adjust the real needs, which are the most important, to take precedence over both learning tools and buildings, and so on. Procurement activities only use budgeted BOS funds. In the three stages of using, using, or using the existing facilities and infrastructure at MTs Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Seblak Jombang, there are no official procedures or written rules in the use of facilities and infrastructure because all Madrasah residents have the same rights to use existing facilities and infrastructure according to individual needs


My mother is a matchmaker. She does not make a living at it, but it is one of her greatest hobbies. I grew up in an environment where my mother often brought single people to our house for introductions. It is the Chinese understanding that if you can contribute to the union of two people you will be helping them and, by doing good, accrue virtue yourself. Although my mother had a great influence on my development, socialist Chinese culture also played an important role in shaping my beliefs. Throughout my time at school, it went unquestioned that one should live by socialist morals and seemed natural that adulthood would bring a heterosexual monogamous marriage (complete with a happy family). This type of marriage, rather than a 'traditional'1 patriarchal marriage arranged by family elders, was the key to social development and stability. Furthermore, the egalitarian philosophy that underlies socialism was supposed to translate to the family unit – i.e. husband and wife should not only care for and respect one another but also share even the most mundane of tasks, such as housework. This view was reinforced by the mass media which would present the stories of exemplary couples whose love had lasted for decades and who supported each other throughout their married lives. Indeed my own parents' marriage exemplified the notion that 'socialist' marriage should be based on love and respect rather than the traditional unions of earlier generations. These influences helped to create my cosy, but naïve, belief that in the People's Republic of China marriage was everyone's destiny and was a relationship built on equality. 'Women hold up half the sky' has been a catchphrase of State officials since the early 1950s and after decades of State propaganda it has been widely accepted that socialism has helped to raise women from the inferior position they held in traditional societies. For instance, women were brought emancipation through their mobilization into paid work and an official ban on arranged marriage. These were supposed to ensure gender equality. When, however, I came to England to do my PhD in Women's Studies, I was confused, pained and shocked by the challenges to my taken-for-granted understanding of Chinese society. By learning feminist theories, I re-examined my past experiences and recognized that, for


Performance based seismic design has emerged as one of the most rational methods to overcome inherent risks and uncertainties in predicting the seismic performance of structures designed by the force based approach. The Vancouver Evergreen Line Rapid Transit Project is a first known rapid transit project in Canada utilizing the multi-level performance-based design approach for the Guideway structures. The proposed Guideway alignment runs through enormously challenging site conditions prone to soil liquefaction causing variable, large-scale lateral spreading. Ground improvements were mostly precluded due to deep liquefiable layers coupled with a stiff crest near the surface, utility proximity and right of way issues. Innovative and robust structural solutions had to be developed to meet the performance criteria. Non-linear structural analyses incorporating soil-pile-structural interactions and directional ground deformations were carried out to confirm structural performance. As per the Project Agreement, the station building structures were designed based on the single-level and force-based design approach of the 2006 British Columbia Building Code, which presented additional challenges for the interface structural elements. This paper provides a summary of the seismic design criteria specified by the PA, seismic design review and approval process, technical challenges faced and innovative design solutions developed to meet the prescribed seismic performance criteria.


We study the asymptotic analysis method for the magnetic-type (H-type) transient surface diffracted ray (transient SD) when an ultra-wideband (UWB) pulse wave is incident on one of the edges of a curved conducting surface. The time-domain (TD) asymptotic solution is derived by applying the saddle point technique to evaluate the H-type transient SD integral. The validity of the TD asymptotic solution proposed here is confirmed by comparing with both the reference solution calculated numerically and the conventional TD asymptotic solution.


This paper presents a systematic method of estimating a velocity disturbance occurring in the fine seek control system of an optical disk drive. A fine seek loop gain adjustment algorithm is introduced to accurately estimate the velocity disturbance in spite of the uncertainties of the fine actuator. The velocity disturbance can be estimated from a measurable velocity, a fine seek controller output, and a compensated fine actuator model. A robust fine seek controller can be designed by considering a minimum fine seek open-loop gain, calculated by the estimated velocity disturbance. The proposed controller design method is applied to the fine seek control system of a DVD rewritable drive and is evaluated through the experimental results.


The relevance of the polar headgroup as the main cause of the BAM features has been the focus of a reduced number of BAM studies. Different theoretical scenarios are considered, concerning the size and absorption of radiation of the polar headgroup. Two qualitative examples showing physical phenomena regarding the reflectivity changes in BAM experiments are discussed. Special interest has the anisotropy in the BAM images as inner textures, allowing by simulation of the textures in the observed domains to get quantitative structural information of the molecular arrangement of the monolayer. The quantitative assessment of the detailed molecular arrangement of the polar headgroup by BAM is highly valuable, as this information can hardly be obtained from other experimental techniques. In this work it is revised in detail the procedure from the recent bibliography for extracting quantitative structural data from the experimental BAM pictures for further application of this model to different Langmuir monolayers.


The world's largest district steam co-generation plant was successfully brought on line following major modifications in the spring of 2005. During the initial "shake-down" operation of the high pressure steam send-out system, piping vibrations were experienced, which disrupted flow meters and other equipment. Operation of one of five identical flow control valves, used in parallel to regulate steam flow to the street distribution system, resulted in the high vibration levels. To investigate the cause of the vibrations, a project was undertaken, which included testing of the piping system utilizing dynamic pressure transducers and accelerometers and engineering analysis of the acoustics and piping structural dynamics. Multiple combinations of open and closed valves were investigated, and the likely root cause was identified as flow-induced vibration originating at a tee in the system. A piping layout modification was designed. The modification consisted of rerouting the piping downstream of one flow control valve to bypass the source of the flow-induced vibration. Following the piping modification, further tests were conducted that showed the reconfiguration successfully mitigated the vibration.Copyright © 2007 by ASME


— One of the most important tasks in economy is to assess the economic efficiency of investment projects. Evaluation of the effectiveness of investment projects is of utmost importance at the pre-investment stage of the life cycle. However, the amount and nature of information available at this stage does not allow for the full application of traditional performance assessment methods based on discounting future cash flows (DCF-methods). However, these methods can be used by analyzing the information entity of each of the criteria underlying DCF-methods. At the same time, a set of these criteria is necessary but not enough, because during the stage of selection of investment projects by potential investors and decisions on their inclusion in financing programs, the stage of environmental screening plays a special role. At the same time, the main task is to define environmental criteria, which in most cases are not quantifiable, which leads to the need to process qualitative information. And besides, when assessing the effectiveness of investment projects, some criteria have the nature of limitations. In effect, criteria and restrictions are requirements that determine the needs of interested parties (stakeholders) – users, consumers, suppliers, developers, and businesses themselves. Therefore, the article uses the concepts of requirements-criteria and requirements-restrictions. The article presents a formal tool for describing various requirements and how to integrate them into a single model for assessing the effectiveness of investment projects at the pre-investment stage. As a formal tool for describing various requirements, the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy set theory and the methodology of system analysis of hierarchical structures are used. The use of fuzzy set theory as an instrumental basis for describing various requirements is although it does not eliminate the subjective nature of the concepts with which decision makers deal, it gives them the means to describe these subjective concepts in a rational way. The use of the proposed method of formalizing requirements and the formation of an assessment of the effectiveness of investment projects based on it is demonstrated on a model example. (conjunction


Based on analyzing the advantages,present situation,and existing problems of flower industry development of state-owned nursery in Fujian province,the author put forward three measures to promote the flower industry development more.They were to enhance lead,to adjust the structure of the ownership system,and to increase the investment.


The dissemination of low-carbon technologies, such as urban photovoltaic distributed generation, imposes new challenges to the operation of distribution grids. Distributed generation may introduce significant net-load asymmetries between feeders in the course of the day, resulting in higher losses. The dynamic reconfiguration of the grid could mitigate daily losses and be used to minimize or defer the need for network reinforcement. Yet, dynamic reconfiguration has to be carried out in near real-time in order to make use of the most updated load and generation forecast, this way maximizing operational benefits. Given the need to quickly find and update reconfiguration decisions, the computational complexity of the underlying optimal scheduling problem is studied in this paper. The problem is formulated and the impact of sub-optimal solutions is illustrated using a real medium-voltage distribution grid operated under a heavy generation scenario. The complexity of the scheduling problem is discussed to conclude that its optimal solution is infeasible in practical terms if relying upon classical computing. Quantum computing is finally proposed as a way to handle this kind of problem in the future.