The present invention relates to an aerogel blanket which is used for thermally insulating a pipe and a wall for which thermal insulation is required, and more particularly, to continuous manufacturing method and device which are capable of continuously manufacturing the aerogel blanket having superior insulation and flexibility and the aerogel blanket manufactured thereby. The continuous manufacturing method for the aerogel blanket includes: a composite material coating process of manufacturing a plurality of low-density single fiber non-woven fabrics coated with an aerogel composite material; a multi connection process of coating and connecting the coated non-woven fabrics to manufacture a blanket having a multilayered structure; a web connection process of web-connecting the blanket having the multilayered structure; a drying process of drying the blanket manufactured in the web connection process; and a winding process of winding the dried blanket manufactured in the drying process. According to the present invention, the aerogel blanket having the multilayered structure may be formed by using a roll-to-roll manufacturing method to continuously manufacture the aerogel blanket having a superior insulation performance and flexibility, thereby significantly improving productivity of the aerogel blanket. When the manufacturing method and device according to the present invention are used, the mass production of the aerogel blanket may be enabled, and manufacturing costs may be significantly reduced.


A unidirectional device for excitation of azimuthally symmetric (m = 0) ion cyclotron waves is proposed. This work is related to the m = ± 1 traveling wave coupler which was described by Hipp, Kristiansen, and Hagler (Ref. 4). The m = 0 coupler is analyzed theoretically and numerical calculations are made of maximum loading resistance and directivities as functions of plasma density. Directivities of better than 0.99 are found.


Separately considering the pile-cap and the pile-group, settlements of pile groups are obtained by using interaction factors and assuming that the superposition principle applies.According to the condition of displacement compatibility and force equilibrium and by coupling their matrix of rigidity,the calculation equations for piles-soil-cap interaction are established. The inner force of pile-cap is calculated by the numerical method.


Controversy exists as to whether supplementation with the antioxidants vitamin E (VE) and vitamin C (VC) blocks adaptation to exercise. Exercise is a first‐line means to treat obesity and its complications. While obesity alters mitochondrial (MT) function and induces insulin resistance (IR), no data exist as to whether supplementation with VE and VC modify responses to exercise in pre‐existing obesity. We tested the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with VE (0.4 g alpha‐tocopherol acetate/kg) and VC (0.5g/kg) blocks exercise‐induced effects on IR and MT content in obese rats maintained on a high‐fat diet. Obese, sedentary rats had a 2‐fold higher HOMA‐IR and insulin area under the curve following glucose tolerances test than rats fed a low‐fat (10% fat en), eucaloric diet. Exercising (12 wks) of obese rats normalized IR indices, an effect not modified by VE and VC. VE and VC supplementation with exercise elevated MT DNA content in adipose and skeletal muscle to a greater extent (20%) than exercise alone in a depot specific manner. On the other hand, VC and VE decreased MT protein content vs exercise for complex I (40%) and nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (35%) in a muscle‐dependent manner. These data indicate that VE and VC supplementation does not modify exercise‐induced insulin sensitivity but that MT biogenesis and MT protein expression may be separate events modified by antioxidant supplementation.


In this paper, the effect of the preliminary processing of a substrate on the properties of a grown heterostructure is investigat - ed. It is shown that the growth of an epitaxial layer on a buffer layer after preliminary annealing (before the growth) makes it possible to decrease the value of mismatch-induced stress. An analytical approach has been introduced for the analysis of mass and heat transfer in a multilayer structure accounting for mismatch-induced stress.


On the basis of the course of the DTA and TGA curves the natural zeolite heulandite (Poonah locality, India) was subjected to the isothermal decomposi tion at the various temperatures (0/°C: 20, 200, 280, 470, 510, 620, 660, 760, 820, and 1000). The decomposition products were studied by means of the X-ray powder methods and by the infrared absorption spectroscopy. It was found that the heulandite structure is stable up to the temperature of 280 °C. At the temperature exceeding 280 °C the transformation into the modification of heulandite В occurs. From the temperature of 47.0 °C upwards the amor phous phase begins to be formed, from which at the temperature exceeding 500 °C a mixture of minerals wairakite 4- a-Si02 and/or anorthite + Si0 2 starts to appear. In the course of dehydration starting from 200 °C, in the cavities of heulandite simultaneously proceeds the heterolytic reaction, at which the free proton is formed, which immediately attacks the bridge oxygens in the bridge (—) Al—О—Si under the formation of hydroxyl groups. These groups partly remain in the complicated complex up to the high temperatures.


ABSTRACT. Pituitary‐adrenal reserve was evaluated in control and hypopituitary subjects by comparing the 8 a.m. plasma 11‐deoxycorticoid response (11‐DOCS) to a single midnight oral dose of metyrapone (short test) with 1) the 8 a.m. 11‐DOCS increase under repeated oral doses of metyrapone (prolonged test) and 2) with the plasma corticoid response during arginine‐insulin test. In the short and the prolonged metyrapone tests, the same response was obtained in 25 out of 27 patients. The short test was repeated in 22 patients and the 11‐DOCS response did not show a significant difference. In 34 of 40 patients, the response to the short test was comparable to the response during the arginine‐insulin test; only 3 patients with a normal 11‐DOCS rise to the short test had a low response to insulin and vice versa. Among the low responders to the short test, the mean 11‐DOCS value was significantly lower in subjects with operated craniopharyngiomas than in idiopathic hypopituitary patients (p<0.001). In the short test, the 8 a.m. baseline cortisol value was positively correlated with the 8 a.m. 11‐DOCS response (p<0.001), the cortisol level allowing to predict the 11‐DOCS response in 28 out of 53 patients. Thus, the short oral metyrapone stimulation was found to be a reliable test in hypopituitary children.


The floating matrix tablet of MITIGLINIDE (MTG) was prepared using the combination of release controlling polymer HPMC K15M and sodium alginate. The final optimization was done by applying 3 2 full factorial designs, taking floating lag time (Flag), time to release 50% of drug (t50) and time to release 90% of drug (t90) as dependent factors. All the formulations were evaluated and results showed that M-3 formulation containing maximum amount of both variables gave promising results, hence was considered as optimized batch.A Gastroretentive multiparticulate system of MTG was developed as floating microsponges by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method. The primary screening of formulation related and process related variables was done by trial and error technique. The final optimization of dosage form was done by applying 3 2 full factorial design by taking concentrations of PVA (X1) and EUDRGIT S 100(X2) as independent factors and product yield (Y1), % entrapment efficiency (Y2), % buoyancy (Y3)


The controllable pre-tilt angle of liquid crystals was investigated using a blend of horizontal and vertical polyimide prepared by a rubbing method, Various pretilt angles in the range from 0° to 90° were achieved as a function of the vertical polyimide content. We observed uniform liquid crystal alignment on the rubbing-trcated blended polyimide layer, A no-bias-bend (NBB) pi cell with an intermediate pretilt angle of 47,8° was manufactured. This cell had no initial bias voltage and a low threshold voltage, which indicates that it has low power consumption, In addition, the response time of the NBB pi cell was rapid.


Plaque material on human teeth was investigated using histochemical techniques and scanning electron microscopy. A positive reaction for protein, cargohydrate, and lipids was seen around the fissures and in a well-defined band around the sides of the tooth corresponding to the highest contour. These regions are the location of dense aggregates of bacteria as seen with scanning electron microscopy. This study emphasizes the fact that considerable attention should be given to the cleaning of not only the occlusal surfaces but also the highest contour of the tooth.


The central sulcus is a key landmark on MRI of the brain, but its inferolateral portion is difficult to identify if unable to trace the sulcus superoinferiorly. The authors observed that the cortex abutting the central sulcus appears isointense to the adjacent white matter on DWI, we named this the 'invisible cortex sign' and our study evaluates whether it could be used to identify the inferolateral central sulcus.


This paper proposes a floorplan method for asynchronous circuits with bundled-data implementation on FPGAs. The proposed method minimizes the delay of the control circuit while considering timing constraints required for bundled-data implementation. Through the implementation of the proposed method, this paper evaluates the proposed method in terms of performance and area for generated floorplans.


An expansion joint seal for use in roadways, bridges and the like adapted for use with a pair of elongated, parallel spaced-apart edge members defining a gap therebetween and each of the edge members having a generally C-shaped cavity opening towards said gap. The seal includes mounting beads on each of its longitudinal edges for reception within the aforesaid edge member cavities and a double walled, resilient web construction spanning the aforesaid gap and being attached to the mounting beads. The double walls of the web are disposed in an upper and lower relative relationship to one another and are connected to the mounting beads at correspondindly upper and lower portions thereon. The upper and lower web walls fold downwardly upon movement of the edge members towards one another and corresponding reduction in width of the gap. The upper and lower walls are connected to one another by a pair of downwardly extending struts which cause the upper and lower walls to fold in a desired manner while also providing additional strength to the configuration. The upper wall is surmounted by an inverted, V-shaped crown which folds upwardly away from the downwardly folding upper wall upon compression of the seal. The upwardly folding crown portion thereby functions to eject incompressibles out of the gap and/or to preclude the disposition of incompressibles in the gap.


The overland flow velocity,surface runoff without vegetation,and course lines of Br-,NH+4,and NO-3 concentrations in the surface runoff under three rainfall intensities (30 mm/h,60 mm/h and 120 mm/h) were studied based on laboratory soil tank experiments and artificial rainfall simulations. The results show that,with the increase of the rainfall intensity,the interception of rainfall by vegetation decreases,and the capacity of vegetation to delay the overland flow velocity exhibits a trend of decrease. The vegetation has the greatest influence on the course lines of NH+4 concentration in the surface runoff and a lesser influence on the course lines of NO-3 concentration in surface runoff. The Br-concentration appears to have a decreasing trend in the form of a power function with the increase of rainfall duration,and this trend slows with the increase of rainfall intensity.


A comparison is made between several hidden Markov models in the context of printed character recognition. Two HMMs are first compared, one dealing with columns of a character image, and the other dealing with lines. These 2 HMMs are then associated in a decision fusion scheme combining the log-likelihoods provided by each HMM classifier. The statistical assumptions underlying the combination formula are described and the combination formula is shown to be an approximation of a real joint log-likelihood. The last experiment consists of building a single HMM, modeling the joint flow of lines and columns. This data fusion scheme is shown to be more accurate as it highlights correlations between the line and column features.


The Servai Mesh and new Serval Mesh Extender 2.0 low-cost, weather-proof, open-source, infrastructure-communications device is being piloted in Vanuatu during 2017 with the support of the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trades Pacific Humanitarian Challenge. This pilot will test the applicability and utility of the Serval Mesh software and hardware in one of the world's most disaster-prone countries. Specifically, several communities and non-governmental organizations will be provided with Serval Mesh technologies and support, and their experiences with those technologies documented and analyzed. It is expected that this pilot will reveal both strengths and opportunities for improvement of these technologies. In this paper we will describe the preliminary findings of the pilot, with a focus on matters of relevance to other practitioners seeking to create humanitarian and communications technologies of relevance to the Pacific region.


A Cyber-Infrastructure for a Virtual Observatory and Ecological Informatics System – VOEIS C. Izurieta1; G. Poole2; B. L. McGlynn2; W. F. Cross2; L. A. Marshall2; G. A. Jacobs3; S. Cleveland3; I. Judson3; F. R. Hauer4; B. Kucera5 1. Computer Science, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States. 2. Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States. 3. Center for Computational Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States. 4. Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States. 5. Center for Computational Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.


In the long-tunnel excavation,ventilation usually becomes one important factor affecting the blasting-operation period.Based on theory of computational hydromechanics,the forded ventilation airflow movement is simulated in 3D values by applying the RNG k-eturbulent-flow model of 3D turbulent pattern.Through computation and analysis on one highway tunnel,law of distribution and variation of airflow field and concentration field with time change in tunnel during construction period is obtained.The study shows that movement of the harmful air mass in tunnel after blasting operation includes Shifting and Diffusing processes.The shifting movement results in the harmful mass being discharged from the blasting front to the tunnel portal.The diffusing movement results in the harmful mass enlarging in scope and being diluted during the shifting process.In addition,time for entering into tunnel is studied in accordance with CO concentration and its allowable concentration.


Start event in the form of a double power failure is applied synchronously to some object (90). Then, a message containing a group identifier, for example, is transmitted by one of the object which has received the start event (92). Receiving the start event, the object receiving the message, stores a group identifier (94), thereafter, it is considered to be part of a group defined by an identifier. The moment of application of the start event can be used as a time reference for each object in order to ensure the definition of the group. Group definition has particular application to match the number of the object.


Background: Secondary catheter failure has been reported in up to 40% of patients with continuous peripheral nerve blocks resulting in failure to provide pain relief after the initial block wears off. Introduction of stimulating catheters as well as ultrasound for regional anaesthesia has facilitated correct placement of catheter tip, closer to the plexus. This randomized study was conducted to compare the efficacy of continuous infraclavicular brachial plexus blocks using non‐stimulating catheter, stimulating catheter and ultrasound‐guided catheter placement with nerve stimulation assistance.


INTRODUCTION Laryngotracheal stenosis continues to remain a significant health issue within the pediatric population. Originally introduced in 1972, laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) has evolved to include a variety of techniques for expanding the stenotic airway, including reconstruction with rib cartilage grafting. With widespread use of open surgical techniques, success rates in achieving decannulation surpass 90%. Failure to decannulate may be due to multiple causes, including obstructive peristomal granulation or suprastomal collapse. Suprastomal collapse can approach 20% in young children with long-standing tracheostomies. In some cases, this obstruction may be severe, resulting in unsuccessful decannulation. To avoid primary resection and reanastamosis, several methods of repair have been reported and include internal stenting, anterior cricotracheal suspension, and autologous costal cartilage laryngotracheoplasty. Bioabsorbable microplates have been used safely and effectively as an alternative to autologous cartilage grafts for single-stage LTR. Additionally, Javia and Zur incorporated resorbable microplates into their reconstruction technique to support malacic lateral tracheal segments. Most recently, external stenting has been used in cases of transverse, paramedian, and anteroposterior tracheal collapse, allowing decannulation of multiple tracheostomy–dependent patients. In this technique, temporary endoluminal stenting for 3 to -6 months was performed prior to reevaluation of the airway and subsequent decannulation trials. Herein, we present our experience using bioabsorbable microplates both with minimal endotracheal stenting (5 days) and without any stenting in the management of severe suprastomal collapse leading to successful decannulation.


Recent measurements of the centrality and rapidity dependence of single inclusive jet production in p+Pb collisions at the LHC have revealed large and non-trivial nuclear modification of the production cross section for this process. In this paper, we explore to what extent such nuclear modification can be understood by the framework of standard cold nuclear matter effects, in particular initial-state cold nuclear matter energy loss. We demonstrate quantitatively that theoretical calculations which include medium-induced radiative corrections can describe rather reasonably the attenuation of the jet production yields in the large transverse momentum region in d+Au collisions at RHIC and p+Pb collisions at the LHC for central to semi-central collisions. We further show that the observed scaling behavior of the nuclear modification factor as a function of the total jet energy $p_T\, {\cosh} (y)$ for various rapidity intervals has a natural explanation in the picture of cold nuclear matter energy loss. On the other hand, the observed enhancement in peripheral collisions is not described in this picture and could have a different origin.


The new Euro 6 emission limits represent a major challenge to the development of internal combustion engines. One way to achieve this goal is to enhance the 1D engine process simulation of supercharged engines. In contrast to the widely-used 1D-modelling of pipe flow, turbochargers are generally modelled using maps of mass flow and efficiency. The turbines of turbochargers are usually mapped with constant back pressure and constant inlet temperature on special test beds. Standard non-dimensional values for flow and impeller speed should allow the turbine operating point to be recalculated depending on its boundary conditions. This procedure does not work sufficiently for operating conditions that, e.g. occur in two stage turbocharging or at high temperature offsets to the mapping conditions. This especially concerns the turbine efficiency. Methods like varying the turbine inlet temperature and the turbine back pressure expand the information of the turbine characteristic map. Both methods, used as additional boundary conditions, improve the precision of 1D simulation. The effects of the adjustments will be demonstrated using the example of a 1D engine process simulation of a turbocharged engine.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


A new active balun topology is introduced allowing to overcome gain and bandwidth limitations of traditional out-of-phase power dividers. Proposed architecture employs distributed circuits as Artificial Transmission Line Pair (ATLP) and Split Drain Distributed Amplifier (SDDA) for achieving a broadband signal balancing and featuring a positive insertion gain too. In this contribution a complete theoretical analysis for the ATLP and SDDA principle of operation is provided together with the description of the actual design flow. MMIC test vehicle operating on the multi-octave frequency range 2-18 GHz proves the effectiveness of presented topology.


The concept of a distortionless through silicon via (TSV), which uses a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) as conductor material, is proposed. The design requirements and the design method for the distortionless TSV are presented. In the high-frequency band, the propagation constant of the traditional Cu-TSV will deviate from the linear function of the frequency because of the skin effect, inducing the transmission signal distortion. MWCNT bundles have properties where the resistance and the inductance are almost constant with the frequency, which can meet the design requirements for a distortionless TSV. Compared with the identical dimensions Cu-TSV, the TSV designed by using the proposed method with MWCNT bundles as the conductor material has the preferable linearity of the propagation constant with the frequency in the high-frequency band, so that it can reduce the distortion of the transmission signal.


An octave-spanning frequency comb is generated using electro-optic modulation of a 1550 nm laser and nonlinear broadening. With this comb we demonstrate offset frequency detection, precise metrology, and ultrastable synthesis of 10 GHz microwaves.


Rossendale and Haut Beaujolais in the pre-industrial period, were part of the domestic outwork system. This system based on hand spinning and weaving, provided a broad economic base in regions of limited agricultural potential, and produced distinctive geographic and demographic patterns. To some extent these patterns were modified by the introduction of the factory system and the large-scale expansion of industry, though there remained clear strands of continuity between the pre-industrial and industrial periods. Economic continuity is seen as largely inevitable in the early water power phase of industrialization. Later, with the development of steam power, the continuous growth of the textile industry in Haut Beaujolais, stretching back some two centuries or more, was severely disrupted. In contrast, Rossendale, with local deposits of coal, was able to accommodate technological change and retain its prosperity throughout the 19th century.


In existence of interval-valued parameters and managerial limitations, multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problems become more complex than their original situation. In such complex cases, the classical MCDM solution methods mainly cannot handle the managerial constraints of the problem and, therefore, become useless. This paper focuses on an MCDM problem such as establishment of the branches of a glass production company in all districts (provinces) of Iran in existence of interval-valued parameters and some managerial limitations like total available budget, number of selected branches for establishment, etc. To overcome the aforementioned difficulties, a novel modified version of the simple additive weighting method, which is of the well-known MCDM approaches of the literature, is formulated as a mixed integer linear formulation. The novelty of this formulation can be summarized by the following points: 1) to cope with the interval values of the criteria; 2) to keep the possibility of selecting a set of best locations among all possible locations; and 3) to handle the managerial limitations of the problem. The proposed formulation is validated by the real data of the case study, and its sensitivity is studied in detail. Finally, the performance of the proposed approach is compared to an alternative proposed solution approach.


Summary. Experimental data on an acid and thermal inactivation of a high refined inulinase (2,1-β-D- fructanfructanohydrolase, KF 3.2.17), produced by the race of Saccharomyces cerevisiae VGSh-2 yeast are presented. The strain of S. cerevisiae VGSh-2 was produced by the method of the induced mutagenesis and deposited to the collection of pure cultures of the chair of biochemistry and biotechnology of Voronezh state university of engineering technologies. The cells of source culture (S. cerevisiae XII) were affected step-by-step by the ultra-violet radiation (UFR) and UFR in a complex with a chemical mutagen (etilenimine). The culture was grown up by the method of liquid-phase deep cultivation on a constant nutrient medium. Refining conditions for inulinase are sorted out. Activity of enzyme dependence on physical and chemical factors (рН and temperature) is obtained and numerical values of the main kinetic constants – Km and Vmax are determined. The structure of enzyme molecule is studied by an infrared-spectroscopy method: the type and relative quantity of elements of secondary structure of protein are defined. Substrate binding groups of the active center of an inulinase are found. The comparative analysis of the ability to hydrolysis of inulin in several enzyme preparations from Jerusalem artichoke and to the subsequent their fermentation by the VGSh-2 and XI S. cerevisiae yeasts is carried out. Optimum conditions of enzyme hydrolysis of inulin are selected. Research of the fermentation process of starchcontaining raw materials by yeasts of VGSh-2 and XI races is done. It is established that the using of VGSh-2 S. cerevisiae yeast for a grain wort and the Jerusalem artichoke fermentation, allows to increase an extraction of ethyl alcohol comparing to control race, to improve its quality characteristics, and also allows to predict the using of new race in the food industry for production ethanol from grain raw materials and a fermentation of inulin containing raw materials.


This article investigated and compared the consistency of self and peer assessments as alternatives for teacher assessment. Thirty sophomores majoring in TEFL were asked to assess their classmates' as well as their own speaking ability in a conversation class. They were taught how to do this using a rating scale of speaking. They did the rating twice during the term; the first rating was carried out during the 8 and 9 weeks and the second rating at the end of the term (weeks 15 and 16). The results of the study indicated that self and peer assessments were not significantly related at the end of the term and only loosely, though significantly, related in the middle of the term. Both self and peer assessments indicated consistency over time, however peer assessment enjoyed a higher consistency.


The present invention is a direct conversion programmable power controller that
receives polyphase input power that has an input power frequency a polarity. The
controller includes a primary chopper for each phase of electrical power. Each
primary chopper is electrically connected in wye connection to a transformer. A
secondary chopper demodulates and rectifies each phase of power. Each secondary
chopper has an input connected electrically to the secondary terminals of the
transformer and has an output connected to a load in series connection.


Dear Editor-in-chief

Knee sleeves or braces represent auxiliary tools that have repeatedly been used by athletes, in an attempt to increase knee stability and, thus, reduce the risk of (recurrent) ligamentous injuries. Since ACL injuries typically occur in situations involving either torsion or hyperextension of the knee, it has been speculated that braces might protect the ACL by countering excessive anterior translation of the tibia with respect to the femur (Beynnon et al., 1997). However, the preponderance of in vivo studies to test this hypothesis was performed in cohorts of patients suffering from existent ligamentous (Branch et al., 1988; Colville et al., 1986) or other knee injury (Beynnon et al., 1997; Fleming et al., 2000). This complicates the extrapolation of results to healthy subjects. Further, the braces used in these studies were mostly rigid constructs that consisted of either uni- or bilateral hinged bars (Rishiraj et al., 2009). Such braces might hinder performance (Veldhuizen et al., 1991) and would be rejected by the vast majority of healthy athletes. For these reasons, we would like to use this letter to the editor to report the results of our experiments investigating whether a relatively light elastic knee sleeve would limit the degree of anterior tibial translation in computerized arthrometry tests as performed in a sample of non-injured subjects.

We recruited ten female college students (age: 23.4 ± 3.2 yrs, height: 1.68 ± 0.05 m, mass: 59.9 ± 5.5 kg) who were free of acute or previous injury or any form of orthopaedic disease of the knee joints. The anterior displacement of the tibia was measured using the GNRB® computerized arthrometer (GeNouRob, Laval, France). With subjects lying in the supine position, the lower leg was firmly fixed with plastic caps mounted over the ankle joint and patella. An electrical pressure pad then exerted increasing pressure of up to 250 N on the calf, while a motion sensor, which was positioned on the ventral aspect of the shank, just distal of the patella, recorded the anterior displacement of the tibia. Displacements were continuously recorded but only the discrete values coinciding with 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 N were extracted for statistical analyses. The GNRB® system features a measurement accuracy of 0.1 mm and has been shown to be a valid tool for measurements of anterior knee laxity (Jenny et al., 2013). To control inadvertent coactivation of hamstring muscles, which may bias the results of arthrometry measurements (Steele et al., 1994), the integrated electromyographic (EMG) activity of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscle was simultaneously recorded and normalized to additional recordings obtained during maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). These tests confirmed that, during arthrometry measurements, the EMG activities of biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscle were negligible and remained below 3% of MVC levels at all times. To assess measurement reliability, tests were repeated twice under both experimental conditions: first without and then after application of a light elastic knee sleeve (Cellacare Genu, Lohmann & Rauscher, Rengsdorf, Germany). According to the manufacturer's information, this sleeve can be used for a variety of indications including injury prevention.

Test-retest reliability of arthrometry measurements was excellent, as reflected by low typical measurement errors (0.08 mm) and high correlation coefficients (r = 0.99, p < 0.001). Analysis of results (Figure 1) by factorial ANOVA revealed that the elastic sleeve tested in this study reduced the anterior displacement of the tibia by a small (max. 0.7 mm on average) yet statistically significant amount (F(1,9) = 22.88, p = 0.001, r = 0.98). In an attempt to better understand the degree of protection provided by the sleeve, we determined its material properties by appending weight discs (2.5-15 kg, in steps of 2.5 kg) to its dorsal aspect and measuring the resulting elongation. The resulting force-elongation relationship was found to be linear (R2 = 0.99), with a slope (i.e., the stiffness of the sleeve) of 2 N·mm-1. Thus, at an elongation of 6.5 mm (roughly coinciding with the maximal anterior tibial translation observed in our study), the sleeve would provide a resistive force of ~13 N countering the shear force pushing the tibia anteriorly. However, significant "force × sleeve" interaction effects (F(0.34,0.09) = 11.53, p < 0.001) also demonstrated that the degree by which the sleeves affected measurement results was dependent on the level of force. With rising force, differences between experimental conditions increased in absolute (from 0.2 to 0.7 mm), yet decreased in relative terms (from 27 to 7%). In this regard, it is important to note that the force exerted on the tibia (max. 250 N) in this study coincides with ACL forces that are well below the range at which ligament tears typically occur. Extrapolation of our data to weight bearing situations, which are characterized by active muscle contraction and significantly greater ACL forces, is complicated so it is not currently clear whether elastic knee sleeves would provide clinically relevant protection to the ACL when subject to excessive loads. In regular movements that induce principally uncritical ACL strains, however, elastic knee sleeves might assist hamstring muscles in countering anterior tibial displacement, thus postponing the onset of muscular fatigue. This hypothesis is subject of ongoing research in our laboratory.

Figure 1.

Anterior tibial translation in dependency of the shear force acting on the tibia and usage of an elastic knee sleeve. Note: Displacements coinciding with 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 N of force were extracted for statistical analysis and fitted by linear ...

In conclusion, our results demonstrate that usage of an elastic knee sleeve reduces anterior tibial translation in healthy subjects by a small, yet statistically significant amount. Further, the protective effect appeared to be load-dependent, with larger effects seen at greater forces.


Sustainability and Cradle to Cradle are well known concepts for creating buildings. The aim of the article here want to discuss the implementation of Cradle to Cradle in residential building. The method used were literature study and case study. A building is 100% cradle to cradle when every part of the building meets the standard of the C2C principles, includes material health and reutilization, use of renewable energy, water stewardship and social fairness. The result of the study shows that the case study match 89% of cradle to cradle score, which was a good result.


Writing appropriate Referencing style is identified as a skill among the academicresearchers in the higher education society. It plays a significant role in assignments process. If research or assignment used appropriate referencing style that particular document becomes high-quality document. In this context this paper analyses the skill for writing-different referencing styles in aesthetic Studies Undergraduate assignments. The study used the survey research design through the stratified random sampling method, 75 out of 164 undergraduates were selected as sample. Referencing skill was evaluated through three categories (referencing style the format of Books, periodicals and Non-print source). This study was carried out by pretest and posttest. Before the one month of post-test, two days seminar was conducted about referencing style. According to the pre-test result, the overall level for the undergraduates' performance of writing referencing style in their assignments is 28.33%. However, due to the two days' workshop knowledge about the usage of referencing style was increasing all categories. The referencing style for books were increased from 43.33% to 51.66%, for periodicals were increased from 26.6% to 33.33%, for non-print sources were increased from 15% to 18.33%, and the overall performance was 34.44%, but level is not in satisfactory level.


Article history: Received: December 2 2019 Received in revised format: December 27 2019 Accepted: December 28 2019 Available online: December 28 2019 The main issue for portfolio managers is to find a feasible schedule that guarantees the availability of the resources required by the activities at the dates they are scheduled, which is the classical objective of the Resource-Constrained Multi-Project Scheduling Problem (RCMPSP). This paper goes one step further and presents an algorithm that solves the RCMPSP where each project has a different priority for the organization. With this information, the algorithm uses a market-based mechanism to determine what activities should receive preferential treatment during the scheduling process. Therefore, among the multiple possible schedules that comply with the resource constraints (i.e. the solution provided by classical approaches to RCMPSP), our approach allows obtaining a schedule for the portfolio in which, beyond minimizing the duration of the portfolio, the activities are scheduled considering the portfolio manager's priorities.


The history data record for agricultural drought in small region is not enough to be used for estimating the probability distribution.The research is taken on regulation of wheat drought using information diffusion,which can take advantage of more information by transferring single sample to fuzzy set.The result shows that this is a good method for small sample and can get better analysis result.


The in-plane strength and stiffness as well as the hysteretic behaviour of timber diaphragms is investigated by performing quasi-static cyclic tests. In this report the behaviour of traditional timber floors and roof configurations was studied representing a typical detached masonry house. The configurations are based on a case study from a detached Groningen house that was demolished. Characteristics of the demolished house were: - A detached house, built in 1920 - At ground storey double wythe clay masonry, at first storey single leaf gables of clay masonry - Timber floors built-up with joists and planks nailed on top of the joists. - Timber roof with vertical rafters spanning from wall plate to top beam, small horizontal purlins on rafters with vertical planks nailed to the purlins. Based on the extracted samples the configurations and material properties could be determined. Based on these findings timber diaphragms (floors and roof) were replicated, built from new timber material and fasteners, with the same material properties as found in the extracted samples. Replicated specimens of approximately 4.0 m by 2.75 m were prepared and tested. After the testing of the replicated specimens representing the situation in practice (non-strengthened), the specimens were strengthened with plywood panels screwed on the timber planks.


An admirable textbook for students which avoids, as mentioned in the preface to the first edition, 'Encyclopaedic unwieldiness of compilations' and at the same time deals comprehensively with the subject it treats. It is very readable and the student specially will find in it all that he is required to know at this stage of his career. As one reads on, the freshness of approach on the description of surgical affections and their treatment is attractive?though from the standpoint of the standards of the older textbooks, one may wish for a little fuller and more detailed information?perhaps desirable for the demands of querulous and exacting examiners in surgery from students appearing for their final examinations. On the whole, the author has been wise to limit his subject-matter in the form in which it appears. In this edition almost all the accepted advance in the knowledge of surgery is mentioned and one has only to refer to larger books to gather details. It should be a very popular textbook.


Introduction Primers 1: Vessel Loads 2: Material Mechanics 3: Stress Concentration 4: Fatigue 5: Buckling 6: Corrosion 7: Failure Modes and Analysis 8: Wood 9: Plastics 10: Metals 11: Composite Materials 12: Fluid Mechanics 13: Combustion and Fuels 14: Hydraulics and Pneumatics 15: Non-destructive Testing Design and Application Guides 16: Hulls 17: Propellers 18: Fasteners 19: Engine Systems 20: Noise and Vibration 21: Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Systems 22: Firefighting 23: Mechanical Systems Techniques and Checklist 24: Survey Techniques 25: Survey Format 26: Survey Checklist 27: Notes Appendices Index


The spore trap and investigation of poplar black spot disease was conducted in the fixed sampling plots in the Populus simonii×P.nigra nursery in Beijing and the relationship between the disease index and the meteorological factors was analyzed with quantitative theory I.The result showed when the mean temperature was 20-28℃,the mean relative humidity wa above 80% and the rainfall was above 60 mm,poplar black spot disease would occur seriously.The quantitative theory forecast model[i=-5.2361x(1,1)+7.3884x(1,2)-3.0457x(1,3)-6.2315x(2,1)-4.5409x(2,2)+6.2618x(2,3)+20.4963x(2,4)+1.1466x(3,1)+3.6134x(3,2)+7.0257x(3,3)+19.6802x(3,4)] was established to predict the occurrence of this disease.The reliability of the forecast model was 88.49%-96.43%.


BACKGROUND
Azoospermia (the absence of sperm in the semen) significantly amounts to infertility in men (15 % of infertile men). Since genetics plays a huge part in its origin, genetic testing needs to be considered as an important part of early diagnostics when evaluating azoospermic patients. The aim of our study was to determine the genetic cause of azoospermia, to analyze karyograms and the possible presence of Y chromosome microdeletion.
METHODS
The study included 20 men diagnosed with azoospermia. The oldest male was 50 and the youngest was 24 years old. They were sent for analysis of karyotype and microdeletions of the Y chromosome (AZF region) to the Center for Genetics of the Faculty of Medicine.
RESULTS
The results of the cytogenetic analysis showed 3/20 (15 %) of abnormal karyotypes. Three patients were identified with two different translocations that were not previously reported. Two brothers were identified with the same translocation between the short arm of chromosome 8 and the long arm of chromosome 17 [46, XY, t(8;17)(p23;q11)], after both of them had failed in-vitro fertilization (IVF). The third patient with chromosomal translocation between the short arm of chromosome 4 and the long arm of chromosome 11 [46, XY, t(4;11)(p16;q13)]. Molecular genetic analysis showed no Y chromosome microdeletion in any of these three cases. However, from the rest of the group, only one patient had Y chromosome microdeletion in the AZFc region (one of the most common causes of genetic azoospermia). His karyotype was normal.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study confirms that cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis plays an important role in identifying the cause of azoospermia. Genetic counseling should be provided when these abnormalities are identified before making any future medical decisions.


Thermally induced seizure can lead to a rapid catastrophic bearing failure. An analytical model was developed to study this phenomenon in an unloaded journal bearing. The model consisted of two concentric cylinders containing lubricant in which the inner one rotates at a specified rpm and the outer cylinder is stationary. The appropriate governing equations and numerical solution schemes for treating the transient heat transfer in the fluid and the bounding solids are presented. Computations indicate that, depending on the operating conditions and thermomechanical properties, a bearing can rapidly lose its operating clearance. A parametric study with an extensive amount of numerical results is presented. It is shown that the clearance loss variation with time is initially linear up to a point after which its rate of reduction becomes much greater. Closely related to this non-linearity is the behavior of the friction torque which sharply rises before the clearance totally vanishes. The effect of thermomech...


In this paper we analyse of the difficulties of foreign students in such form of final control as "story on the picture". Causal regularities of psychological and methodical nature of the available results are traced, and the author tested instructional techniques of work with situational pictures during are shown.


It is generally accepted that strains of Rhizobium meliloti vary greatly in their ability to "fix" nitrogen. The species was divided into two serological groups by Stevens (1923). These groups, designated as A and B, also differ in other respects. Group A grows faster, produces a more abundant growth, is more sensitive to acid, and produces a greater change in titratable acidity and hydrogen-ion concentration of the medium than group B. Stevens (1925) reported that "in general the group A strains fixed almost twice as much nitrogen as did the group B strains." In view of these well defined and constant differences Stevens (1925) appears to be justified in his conclusion that "these variations are manifestations of inherent differences in the nature of the organisms." It seemed logical to us to assume that the "inherent differences" are of such a physico-chemical nature that they should be measurable by suitable methods. This suggested the possibility that differences in electrophoretic potential might exist in relation to the differences in nitrogen fixing ability. A direct relationship between the magnitude of electrophoretic potential and the degree of virulence of pneumococci was reported by Falk, Gussin and Jacobson (1925). During the progress of the present study,


The paper presents the results of a research project concerned with the structural safety and rehabilitation and more generally, with the re-use of abandoned historical centres through the analysis of a real case study: the ancient town of Laino Castello, located in northern Calabria, in a context characterized by a severe seismic risk and large presence of masonry residential housing, endowed with a high degree of vulnerability and relevant slopes, with a quasivertical urban structure. This peculiar configuration, enhanced by bad water draining and possible interaction with the seismic hazard, makes the town particularly weak with respect to landslides and rock falls,. Thanks to an agreement with the municipality, a scientific research project aimed at the safety assessment of the site and its buildings has been carried out, using the site as a real laboratory for empirical observations of mechanical phenomena, application of theoretical models on real case studies and experimental in situ testing. Laino Castello for territorial and urban planning applications. It is particularly suitable for organizing and managing any kind of information on a cartographic support and building a systematic and easily intelligible common base. An innovative methodological approach is sketched, where the necessity of endowing the structural rehabilitation process with a scientific and systematic nature is reconciled with the need to respect the nature and the history of historic structures, and the technical action is organically integrated within an interdisciplinary path. In this sense, a central point of the project has been the design and development of a Territorial and Urban Informative System aimed at the organization and management of urban re-qualification process, with a particular stress on geotechnics and structural safety aspects. The Geographic Informative System has been first designed from a general, methodological and organizational standpoint, using the basis provided by the Arcview Platform. Thereafter, field data and information have been progressively introduced, whereas specific algorithms for structural vulnerability analyses and landslide assessment have been implemented. In this context, GIS technology has provided a powerful tool for exchanging information; displaying inputs and outputs on GIS-based maps, and experimenting different damage scenarios. 1.2 A short presentation of the case study and the activities performed The context in which Laino Castello is located is typical of the Italian territory, characterised by a severe seismic risk and by a large presence of masonry residential housing, endowed with a high degree of vulnerability. Besides, it is characterized by the presence of relevant slopes (5060 %), with a quasi-vertical urban structure and buildings very close to the cliffs. The stability of the single building is very often strictly dependant on the collaboration with the adjoining structures. This peculiar urban configuration makes the town particularly weak with respect to superficial land slides and rock falls, in the presence of a bad water draining and of a possible interaction with the seismic hazard. Figure 1 : General view of Laino Castello. 1950 Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions Giuseppina Uva, Mauro Mezzina, Francesco Porco, Isabella Trulli and Giacinto Porco Figure 2 : Images of the houses of Laino Castello and its steep slopes. The activities performed during the research project have been organized according to the following scheme: 1. Preliminary historical understanding of the site and its architectures. Characterization of the urban context and constructive techniques. 2. Design and implementation of a Urban and Territorial Informative System for the registration and management of the collected information and data. 3. Landslide Risk Assessment and remote monitoring of mountainsides stability. 4. Seismic Risk and structural vulnerability Assessment. 5. Development of simplified overall numerical/analytical models for the analysis and assessment of the safety level and for the prediction of damage distribution tuned on the experimental data gathered from the tests and on the detailed constitutive modelling. 6. Definition of protocols for the assessment of the safety level of the buildings and of guidelines for the rehabilitation, suitable for a professional use and for an extension to the local technical codes. 7. Definition/calibration of innovative techniques for the diagnostics; characterization of masonry, constitutive identification and validation of the proposed methods through laboratory and on site testing (on buildings, specimen or scale models). 8. Proposal of techniques for the repair and strengthening both of the structural elements, the structural joints and the whole buildings. In this paper, an overview of the most significant results attained will be given, focusing in particular on points 1-4. 2 CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SITE AND ITS ARCHITECTURES The first aspect that has been faced was the preliminary historical understanding of the site and its architectures (the importance of these aspects for a correct management of rehabilitation is widely recognized): diachronic analysis of typologies, masonry textures, structural elements, building layouts, nature and use of materials, interactions within the fabric of the town. In this way, a common base of knowledge has been pro provided for the successive work. On site investigations have been performed, collecting and selecting many different data: historical information, territorial, urban and architectural data (hydrology, geology, seismicity, cadastral maps, historical maps). This information has been integrated and completed through specific surveys and on site investigation, selecting the most interesting and significant buildings. 1951


Desert plants assume corresponding adaptability to desert environment on water physiology. The transpiration rate and tissue water content of different plants in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert were tested in different periods within two years, and the results show that transpiration rate is not in relation to plant tissur water content by analysising the experimental data.


The new mechanism brought many active domino active effects in the minority areas of Xin jiang.At the same time,there exists many problems such as the low of economic ensure,the lag of teachers,the illogicality of finance,the burden of the education,etc.In order to carry out the new mechanism,accelerate the well development of the compulsory education in rural areas of border,we should increase the outlay devotion,solve the problems of corps of teachers,standardize the use of outlay,and defuse the debt,etc.


The resection of locally advanced or recurrent breast carcinomas frequently results in large chest-wall skin defects. In such cases, a challenge for the breast surgeon is to cover the extensive skin defects after extensive mastectomy. External oblique myocutaneous fl ap can effectively cover large chest wall defects with a few minor complications and reliable local disease control, especially in patients with a poor general condition, recurrent or advanced tumor.


Last year Sociological Methodology published our article entitled "Anticipating Law" (Palys and Lowman 2002), which argued that researchers who were gathering identifiable information about sensitive topics and who were not eligible for the statutory protection of "certificates of confidentiality" or "privacy certificates" could maximize legal protections for their research participants by incorporating the prospect of using a common-law defense of research confidentiality into their research design and procedures. Commentaries by Lindgren (2002) and Stone (2002) also appeared. We welcome this opportunity to respond to Professors Lindgren and Stone because their commentaries and the "law of the land" doctrine they espouse (cf. Lowman and Palys 2000) represent a fundamental challenge to the ASA Code of Ethics sections on research confidentiality. We clarify our "ethics-first" approach in light of their comments.


Training need analysis is a series of activities undertaken to identify problems that arise in the workplace. Training needs analysis is a process of collecting and analyzing data to identify factors that need to be improved through training. The family planning field officer (PLKB) is the spearhead of the existing program implementation in BKKBN. There are several problems PLKB in providing services to the community that is 1. The ability of PLKB in planning, analyzing and evaluating the implementation of the development of prosperous families in the area of work is still not running maximally, 2. Skills to conduct cooperative relationships with all parties terkai less running because there are still many people who do not care about the existing programs in BKKBN, 3. still very weak ability in solving problems encountered in the implementation of its duties. From the problems contained above the importance of training provided by the BKKBN Bengkulu Province to the existing PLKB in various districts in order to have good competence not only hard skills but Soft Skill. The purpose of this research is to describe Traning Need field officer analysis (PLKB) run by BKKBN Bengkulu Province To improve the Competence (Hard Skill & Soft Skill) The PLKB. The method used is descriptive qualitative with technique of selecting informant using Purposive Sampling to determine key informant, technique to collect data that is through observation, interview and documentation, to analyze data obtained in this research using 2 type of encoding that is Open Coding is a section of analysis that specifically explains the relationship between naming and phenomenon categorization through careful examination of data. The coding of terporos (Axial Coding) is a set of data retrieval procedures by creating linkages between categories.


T his case note examines the radical change in the rule against penalties in Cavendish Square Holding BV v Makdessi [2015] UKSC 67 (Cavendish), a recent decision of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. The rule against penalties is a contract law doctrine of equitable origin which allows courts to render clauses unenforceable. We will refer to such clauses as 'penalties' or 'penalty clauses'. The conclusion that a clause is a penalty renders it void in its entirely (cf the position in Australia which allows for partial enforcement: Andrews v ANZ Banking Group [2012] HCA 30, 247 CRL 205 (Andrews) at [10]). The precise test for what makes a clause a penalty clause, and the rationale for the rule, are uncertain. The question of whether a clause is a penalty most commonly arises with respect to clauses where a party who breaches a contract is required to pay the innocent party a sum of money. Where this sum is a genuine pre-estimate of the loss that the innocent party would suffer from the breach, such a clause is a "liquidated damages clause" and is enforceable. Traditionally, penalties were distinguished from liquidated damages clauses on the basis that the former deter and punish breach while the latter merely compensate the innocent party. Cavendish represents a significant departure from that approach. The new approach in Cavendish follows from the Court's attempt to address deficiencies in previous formulations of the rule against penalties, so we will survey the history of the rule before setting out the new test. Beforehand, we will set out the facts addressed in Cavendish that led to the new formulation of the rule. On the facts, the Court considered two different appeals, Cavendish and ParkingEye. The Cavendish appeal concerned the validity of two clauses in a large commercial contract for the sale of a company that were triggered by breach of contract by the seller. The first clause withheld payments from the seller which he was otherwise due while the second required the seller to sell his shares in the company to the purchaser. The ParkingEye case addressed the validity of an £85 'parking charge' levelled on customers who overstayed a two-hour free parking period in a car park. The Court concluded that none of the clauses it considered were unenforceable (Lord Toulson dissented on the Parking Eye appeal).


Expression of c‐fos and jun protooncogenes was analyzed in the ovine extraembryonic trophoblast from days 14–18 of gestation, using Northern and Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. This study was carried out in relation to the early implantation process and the expression of interferon‐tau, which is secreted in large amounts for a few days before implantation. Our results demonstrated that c‐fos, c‐jun, and junB were differently expressed in the ovine trophoblast around the time of implantation. The c‐fos mRNA and protein were detected at high levels prior to attachment and decreased thereafter, following the pattern of expression of interferon‐tau, whereas c‐jun expression was maintained at relatively high levels during the implantation process. By contrast, the levels of junB mRNA and protein decreased prior to attachment. Immunohistochemical studies indicated that JunB, like C‐Fos and interferon tau, was no longer expressed in the trophoblastic cells which had established cellular contacts with the uterine epithelium. A striking finding in this study is the temporal correlation between the accumulation of c‐Fos and c‐Jun proteins and the expression of the interferon‐tau (days 14 and 15 of gestation). We also showed by gel‐retardation assays that an AP‐1‐like site present in the promoter of one interferon‐tau gene was functional in vitro, as judged by its ability to bind day‐15 trophoblast nuclear protein extracts. Nuclear proteins binding to this site had the characteristics of AP‐1, as judged by the ability to be competed efficiently by a consensus TRE (12.0‐tetradecanoyl phorbol 13‐acetate‐responsive element)‐site oligonucleotide and by antibodies to c‐Fos and Jun proteins. These results suggest that Fos and Jun could form regulatory complexes of interferon‐tau expression and/or are regulated by common mechanisms which are still unknown. Mol Reprod Dev 46:127–137, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Background:Tau oligomers form in neurons as tau redistributes from the axon to the cell body when tau protein loses its affinity to microtubules due to hyperphosphorylation during Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies. Tau oligomers can accumulate in both the intracellular and extracellular spaces and have been shown to be toxic to neurons, reduce long-term potentiation (LTP) in mouse hippocampal slices, impair memory formation in wild type (w.t.) mice, and transmit tau pathology to neighboring neurons. Hence, tau oligomers have become a target for drug discovery using small molecule and antibody based approaches. Assays have been developed and used to select and optimize small molecules that inhibit tau monomer self-association. Here, we compare the chemical properties of our lead series to approved CNS drugs and other published molecules targeting tau. We also highlight in vivo studies testing the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of our lead compounds. Methods:The chemical properties of the molecules were compared based on their molecular weight, log of the partition coefficient (logP), polar surface area (PSA), and number of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors using graphical statistical software. PK analysis of plasma/brain compound levels was performed in mice. Compound safety was evaluated in a 5-day study in w.t.mice at 100mg/kg using oral administration.Results:The chemical profile of our lead series was more similar to that of FDA approved CNS drugs compared to tau aggregation inhibitors selected using tau fibril formation assays. Further, pharmacokinetic analyses showed that one of our lead series compounds readily penetrates the bloodbrain-barrier. Conclusions: Our screening approach has enabled the selection of CNS drug-like molecules based on their chemical properties, and our lead compound showed CNS drug-like properties in mouse PK and safety studies. Targeting tau monomer self-association yields molecules with better CNS drug-like properties than published molecules selected using tau fibril formation assays.


By analyzing the available logging data in carbonate formation,the reasons of formation anisotropy were identified accurately. After picking up logging intervals with anisotropy only caused by ground stress,the WSTT data was applied to calculate the anisotropy by using the fast and slow shear wave,and the azimuth of maximum horizontal stress was then achieved. This method was proved to be useful and reasonable after the comparison to the result from other methods. When evaluating stress in carbonate formations of a certain oilfield abroad,the anisotropy caused by fractures and stress is separated exactly and the each azimuth is then calculated,better effect is obtained,It provides a good way for evaluating stress in complex carbonate formations.


The immune system plays an important role in the development of cancer, and immune cells have recently become targets for treatments. The immune systems of males and females have important sex-based differences that depend, in part, on differential responses of immune cells to steroid hormones, such as estrogens, progesterone, and androgens. This essay, drawing from insights and advocacy from social scientists, argues that therapeutic interventions and research with animal models should take sex into account because there are many sex-based differences that affect immunocompetence8, susceptibility to infection, and severity of illness. The development of therapies that target the immune cells in cancer patients should be sex/gender inclusive, considering differential immune responses in men and women.


This paper is about a fall inducement system for guiding like a real fall. Reliable fall data can be used as an essential element in developing effective fall protection devices. We can get this data if the induced fall is very realistic. The proposed system analyzes gait characteristics and determines when to fall based on the pedestrian's biometric data. To estimate the fall inducement time, an active estimation algorithm was proposed using different biometric values for each pedestrian. The proposed algorithm is designed to response actively to the ratio of gait cycle and a stance period. To verify this system, an experimental environment was implemented using a multi-rail treadmill equipped with a ground reaction force measurement device. An experiment was conducted to induce falls to pedestrians using a fall inducement system. By comparing the experimental scene to the video of the actual fall, it has been confirmed that the proposed system can induce a reliable fall.


The European Union has been considered over time a guarantor of the regional stability and prosperity, being also recognized as one of the most influential player in the global economic arena. However, the European Union has recently faced significant political and economic challenges, such as the migration and refugee crisis, the United Kingdom's withdrawal, the increasing power of Russia and the enhancement of the terrorist threat. The purpose of this paper is to present the economic consequences of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union, a decision that represents a turning point in the history of over half a century of the regional group. In this regard, the study encompasses the critical review of the literature on this topic and the analysis of the relevant statistical data. The perspectives of theoreticians are extensive and sometimes diverging. While some analysts believe that Brexit will undermine the European integration project, others consider that the effects will be manageable by the remaining 27 Member States. Analyzing the statistical data on GDP, stocks of FDI, trade in goods and services, we have revealed that the United Kingdom plays an important role in shaping the economic power of the European bloc. Consequently, with the completion of Brexit, it is likely that the economic power of the European Union will diminish, particularly in terms of GDP and trade in goods and services.


Infiltration of Mo-Cr was built up in the vacuum chamber where the source electrodes(Mo,Cr) and the work pieces(low-carbon steels) were designed by double glow discharge technology.Strengthened layer on low-carbon steels were made after the samples were treated by ultra-saturated carbonization,quenching and low tempering.The results indicated that the depth of coating is over 100μm,elements Mo,Cr in the surface alloying layer achieve leave each other 20%(mass fraction) and 10%.After quenching + low tempering it was found that the hardness of surface alloying is up to 1300HV.The abrasion experimental results showed that the average friction coefficient was 0.1 and the average Wear resistance was 2.25 times in comparison with GCr15.


The H/sup /spl infin// control problem by stable compensator is solved for the 1-block case. The optimal closed loop transfer function appears to be the singular inner function in the Hardy class H/sup /spl infin//(C/sub +/). In particular, no rational transfer function of the controller can be optimal in this problem. A nonlinear algebraic system with the equal number of variables and equations is obtained from which the minimum of the H/sup /spl infin// functional and the parameters of the optimal transfer function can be computed. It is shown how to design a minimizing sequence of rational approximations to this transfer function. Examples illustrate the result.


Background: Exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) initiates nephrotoxicity in rats. The purpose of the present work was to study the role of bone marrowderived mesenchymal cells (BM-MSCs) on CCl4-induced nephrotoxicity in adult male albino rat judged by light and electron microscopeusing histological, immunohistochemistry and ultrastructure parameters. Material & methods: Thirty adult male albino rats were classified randomly into four experimental groups. Group I: Control group which was equally divided into two subgroups; Ia (thatwas fed on the standard diet) and Ib (that injected intraperitoneally with 0.1 ml of olive oil twice weekly for 4 weeks ). Group II: treated with 1.0ml /kg b.w of 10% CCl4 dissolved in olive oil, IP, twice a week for 4 one month. Group III: was injected intraperitonealy with the same dose of CCl4 twice a week for 4 weeks and then were given a single dose intraperitoneally of 3×10 BM-MSCs. Group IV: served as recovery group, were treated IP with 5.0ml /kg b.w of 10% CCl4 twice a week for 4 weeks and left for a further 4 weeks. At the end of experimental period, all of the rats were scarified and both kidneys were prepared for histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Results: In CCl4treated animals, there were several pathological changes included: dilatation of tubular lumens with intraluminal cell debris and vacuolation of tubular epitheliumas compared with the control rats. Mallory's trichrome staining showed increased amount of collagen fibers in the glomerulus and interstitium in CCl4 treated animals. While the rest of groups showed minimal collagen fibers around glomerulus and renal tubules. Immunohistochemical staining using α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) showed negative reaction in all groups except CCl4 treated animals and recovery group. EM evaluation of CCL4 induced changed revealed significant condensation of chromatin in the nucleus and shortened brush border of proximal convoluted tubules, swollen mitochondria and loss of apical plasma membrane micro projection of distal convoluted tubules, also effacement of secondary foot processes on basement membrane of glomerular capillary with loss of slit diaphragms. In contrast, these deleterious histopathological alterations resulting from CCl4nephrotoxin were absent after BM-MSCs treatment in CCl4 + BM-MSCs group of rats. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the protective potential of BMMSCs on CCl4-induced nephrotoxicity in adult male albino rat with better recovery findings in BM-MSCs received group than in those rats that were left to recover without treatment. [Eman E. Elwakeel, Amira Z. Mohamed. The Protective Effect of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Cells on Nephrotoxicity Induced by Carbone Tetrachloride in Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological and Ultrastructural Study. J Am Sci 2018;14(6):13-24]. ISSN 1545-1003 (print); ISSN 2375-7264 (online). http://www.jofamericanscience.org. 2. doi:10.7537/marsjas140618.02.


Non-linearities and dynamic interactions between state variables are characteristic of complex social systems and processes. In this thesis, we present a new methodology to model these non-linearit ...


This article discusses how randomized trials can be designed in patients with heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction to provide reliable answers regarding various interventions. Most previous trials have been limited by their small size, short duration, and restricted entry of highly selected patients, leading to unconvincing answers. The effects of treatment on surrogate end points (e.g., exercise tolerance, arrhythmia suppression) do not necessarily correlate with the ability of an intervention to reduce mortality or morbidity. Therefore, promising results obtained on surrogate end points should be complemented by data from further studies using clinical outcomes


Neuromophic vision sensor is an electronic implementation of vision algorithm on semiconductor. Neuromophic systems are biologically inspired artificial neural systems that mimic algorithmic behavior of biological systems. The focus of this paper is to highlight photo transduction operation and conversion of optical information into the neuronal signal in the similar fashion as it takes place in biological retina. These systems have efficient adaptive and intelligent control techniques resembling with biological nervous system based on optical and electronic signal processing properties of semiconductor materials. Proposed electronic model contains adaptive photoreceptors as light sensors and other circuit components such as averaging circuits; circuits representing ganglion cells; neuronal firing circuits etc these entire elements junction to sense brightness, size, shape and orientation to distinguish objects in closer proximity. Neuromophic vision chip can lead towards development of sensory based artificial systems having parallel collective computation, adaptation, learning and memory implemented locally at each stage of processing of information.


by R. H. PARRY, M.D., F.R.C.P., D.P.H., F.R.SAN.I., Medical Officer of Health, Bristol; Professor of Preventive Medicine, University of Bristol THE doctors, sanitary inspectors and health visitors form three main pillars of a -L public health department because they are its contacts with the public it serves. Upon the success with which this &dquo; triad &dquo; carries out its duties to-day depends the future success of the public health service as we know it in this country. Consideration of &dquo; training &dquo; is inevitably tied up with &dquo; function,&dquo; for if training is to be rational it must have regard to the duties to be performed. Therefore I hope to consider briefly the function of the health department and thereafter the purpose for which the staff have to be trained. I do not propose to consider detailed training


3 Abstract: This study was aimed to gain knowledge on ontogeny of fatty acid and amino acid profiles in Acanthopagrus latus larvae. The samples were collected randomly in triplicate at 5 stages. The samples for biochemical analyses were taken for the first stage (stage 1) before placing the eggs in the hatching buckets. After hatching, sampling was made every 24 hours as follows: at 0 time (stage 2), 24 (stage 3), 48 (stage 4) th th and 72 (stage 5) hours. Fatty acid results showed that the eggs and yolk sac larvae contain more th monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids than saturated fatty acids. Among polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid (C18:2n-6), linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) increased during development, but docosahexaenoic acid (C22: 6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3) decreased from stage 2 to stage 5. The changes observed in amino acid contents of the fertilized egg and yolk sac larvae were significantly different (P<0.05). The amounts of essential amino acids and nonessential amino acids decreased during development with the exception of phenylalanine, methionine, glutamic acid and serine (P<0.05). In conclusion, our results can give essential information for a better understanding of nutritional requirements at the start of exogenous feeding.


A refractory assembly comprising a metal framework member that supports a reinforced lightweight dimensionally stable SCP panel, such as C joists, U joists, open web joists, HAM-BRO or other metal frame systems. The assembly is nonflammable, water resistant, mold resistant or antiseptic, termite resistant and can resist shear loads greater than those provided by plywood or directional strand board panels. The panel uses one or more layers of a continuous phase that is the result of hardening of an inorganic binder such as calcium sulfate alpha hemihydrate, hydraulic cement, active pozzolana and an aqueous mixture of lime. The continuous phase is reinforced with glass fibers and contains lightweight filler particles, such as ceramic microspheres. [Selection] Figure 1


Objective Clinical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with respiratory failure were discussed and analyzed.Methods Selection of patients in our hospital 78 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with respiratory failure,these patients were divided into control group and observation group.The observation group not only conventional therapy,but also for noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in the treatment,while the control group only routine therapy.Tracking observation of two groups of patients with treatment outcome and treatment process,and record data.Result After a period of time after treatment,both the control group and the observation group,patients have improved.In the control group,patients with 9 cases,effective in 12 cases were markedly effective,15 cases.In the observation group,the patients only invalid in 4 cases,effective in 15 cases were markedly effective,23 cases.The effective rate of control group was 75%,the observation group was as high as 90.5%.Conclusion In the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with respiratory failure disease,routine treatment with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation treatment can have a significant effect,can improve the quality of life of patients,improve the patient's condition,should be popularized and applied in clinic


Earlier studies have concluded that electric haulers would be a feasible substitute for diesel driven vehicles at a stone quarry. To decrease the total cost of ownership (TCO) different charging st ...


This article proposes a new etymology for strovele and variants, an adjective which first appears in Iacopone da Todi and is still in use in Umbria and Eastern Tuscany with the meanings 'cantankerous' and 'strange'. After reviewing previous unsatisfactory etymologies, the author shows that the word is used as a personal name at least a century before Iacopone, in an area which belonged to the ancient Duchy of Spoleto. This suggests that it might be a loanword from the Langobardic language.


Aniline and chloroaniline are widely used for the synthesis of many industrial useful chemicals. Hence, due to their vast use these chemicals are often observed in the eco-geological system. Because of their continuous long persistence in the environment they might be toxic to human beings, animals and aquatic system. In this review we discussed about their uses, pollution and toxic impact.


Notes on Contributors Acknowledgements Abbreviations Preface 1. A History of Gaelic to 1800: Colm O Baoill 2. Language in Society: 1800 to the modern day: Michelle Macleod 3. Gaelic Place-names: Richard A. V. Cox 4. Language in Gaelic Literature: Moray Watson 5. A' Ghaidhlig an Canada: Scottish Gaelic in Canada: Kenneth E. Nilsen 6. Hebridean and Mainland Dialects: Seosamh Watson 7. The Gaelic Language-Group: Demography, Language-Usage, -Transmission and -Shift: Kenneth MacKinnon 8. Language Planning: Robert Dunbar 9. Sociolinguistic Ethnography of Gaelic Communities: Emily McEwan-Fujita 10. Gaelic Vocabulary: Andrew Breeze 11. Gaelic Orthography: The Drunk Man's Broad Road: Ronald Black 12. Phonology in Modern Gaelic: Anna R. K. Bosch 13. Gaelic Morphology: David Adger 14. Gaelic Syntax: David Adger Index


Fig. 1 Mean medium levels of neopterin and IL-6 in basal conditions and after 3 days of incubation with IL-2 or IL-12 in pure monocyte cultures. (Amsterdam, Holland) and by Hoffmann-La Roche (Nutley, New Jersey), respectively. Medium concentrations of neopterin and IL-6 were measured by the RIA method (Henning, Berlin-Germany) and by immunoenzymetric assay (Medgenix Diagnostics, FleurusBelgium), respectively. Data were reported as mean ± SE, and statistically analyzed by Student's t test and by analysis of variance. Neopterin and IL-6 mean medium levels in basal conditions and after IL-2 and IL-12 stimulation are illustrated in Figure 1. Both IL-2 and IL-12 induced a significant increase in mean medium levels of neopterin with respect to control medium alone, without Significant differences between them. IL-2, but not IL-12, induced a concomitant significant increase in IL-6 mean values.


The current study examined if students' levels of social physique anxiety vary depending on the type of exercise setting they select. The study determined the degree to which social physique anxiety changed over the course of semester-long involvements in different exercise settings.


Infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) have high incidence of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) leading to up to 15% mortality and substantial morbidity. Common etiologies of BSI in the NICU are pathogens also capable of colonizing the preterm infant gut. However, differentiating susceptible neonates from those in the same environment remains challenging. We hypothesized that the same strains causing BSI increase in abundance in the gut of affected neonates prior to bacteremia and increased above controls in the same environment.

 We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing on 462 fecal samples from 19 infants with BSI and 37 controls in the same NICUs paired for gestational age, days of life, antibiotic exposure, delivery mode, and sex. We whole genome sequenced the BSI isolate from 19 cases (6 Staphylococcus aureus, 3 Streptococcus agalactiae, 3 Serratia marcescens, 2 Enterococcus faecalis, 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2 Escherichia coli, and 1 Enterobacter cloacae). We utilized MetaPhLan3 to infer taxonomy and InStrain to track the whole genome sequence of the BSI pathogen within the fecal metagenomes longitudinally. We performed generalized linear mixed effect models with MaAsLin2 to determine significant associations between the microbiome and metadata with subject as a random effect.

 We found no differences in gut microbiome diversity or richness between cases and controls relative to bacteremia day of life. However, infants who experience a BSI possess significantly higher median relative abundances of the causative species in their gut relative to paired controls in the 2 weeks prior to bacteremia (Figure 1A, median 21.4% IQR 0.33-52 vs. 0.4% IQR 0.23-10.5, p<0.05 Wilcoxon). 10/19 infants produced at least 1 stool before bacteremia containing an organism with 0-1 genomic substitutions from the BSI isolate, establishing isogenicity between gut residing and invasive pathogen. The coverage (abundance) of the BSI isolate increased in the stool of affected neonates in the 10 days before infection to an average maximum of 0.48/1.0 (Figure 1B, linear mixed effect model p<0.05). We observed the strongest associations between high gut microbiome abundance of E. faecalis, Klebsiella spp., E. coli, and S. marcescens in the gut microbiome of cases whose BSI was caused by that organism compared to all other samples (p<0.01).

 We show high relative abundance of the same strain in stool prior to bacteremia in hospitalized neonates. The relative abundance of the causative species is higher in cases versus paired controls. These data suggest the potential of gut microbial surveillance and management to identify blooms of gut pathogens to limit the incidence of bacteremia.


Abstract We characterize the asymptotically stable equilibria of a gradient system of differential equations. In particular, we recall the fact that an equilibrium point that is an isolated minimum of the potential function need not be asymptotically stable.


Raman scattering was used to probe the phase transitions of the nematic liquid-crystalline material, $p$-azoxydianisole. The intensities of several Raman modes were shown to change abruptly at the phase transitions, but no detectable frequency shift of any mode was observed. Our results suggest that the Raman spectrum of $p$-axoxydianisole is only affected by short-range ordering. Qualitative interpretation of the results is given.


A random interaction matrix model is used to study the statistics of conductance peak heights in Coulomb blockade quantum dots. The model contains a parameter U that measures the fluctuation width of the interaction matrix elements. When the single-particle dynamics conserve time-reversal symmetry, the peak height distribution is insensitive to U and is described by the experimentally observed orthogonal statistics. But when the single-particle dynamics break time-reversal symmetry, the peak height statistics exhibit a crossover from unitary to orthogonal symmetry at large values of U. For values of U that are smaller than the single-particle mean-level spacing, the peak height distribution remains close to the distribution described by the unitary symmetry, in agreement with the experiments.


Pulse semiconductor laser drive circuit for laser fuze needs high current,narrow pulse width.The key is how to reduce equivalent inductance of circuit.The circuit equivalent inductance is reduced by selecting electromagnetic symmetry components,components symmetry placement and using many parallel connection components.Experimental results show that 1.9ns rise time pulse,50 Acurrent altitude,7ns pulse witdh,5kHz frequency drive circuit is obtained.This research provides a reference for the design of high speed big current circuit.


The reason for moving from one library system to another or from one generation of a library system to the next must be to improve the library's ability to serve its users in a better and more effective way. An integrated library system, today, is very complex and multi‐moduled, which makes it difficult to distinguish one system from another. The article describes the long and bumpy road from the first generation VTLS classic library management system to the third generation VTLS Virtua at Lund University Libraries in Sweden.


Molecular communication is emerging as an advanced paradigm of communication, whose application ranges from biomedical to communication industry and information theory. However, the channel and propagation medium is always the biggest point of concern. Many works of literature have proposed the diffusion-based molecular communication but none of the literature has presented the implementation of it in any of the VLSI tools. This paper, however, implements simulation results for the concentration of molecules in the human blood for the different values of temperature. Specifically, we have considered the temperature 98°F and 104°F and the diameter of ventricles for both male and female hearts. We have presented the simulation result using Verilog HDL in Xilinx ISE suite 14.5.


Aqueous zinc‐based batteries with high energy density are highly sought after to satisfy the increasing demands on the electrochemical energy device thanks to the advantages of high safety, low cost, and fast kinetics. In this work, a high‐performance hybrid Zn–S battery (h‐ZnSB) is reported by coupling an alkali Zn anode with an acidic sulfur electrode. To this end, atomic Zn–N4 dispersed on nitrogen‐doped hollow porous carbon (Zn–NHPC) is developed as the host of sulfur that enhances efficiency due to the higher affinity of Zn–N4 to CuS than N‐doped graphene, which can reduce the vulcanization reaction barrier that is too high on N‐doped graphene. The hybrid Zn–S battery shows desired electrochemical properties, including a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.81 V, high specific capacities of 2250 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 and 1500 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1, as well as a high energy density of 2372 Wh kg−1 at 10 A g−1 based on the total mass of S/C composites. The present work may provide a promising route for the development of high‐energy and high‐safety aqueous batteries.


A proper interpretation of Poussin's Sacrament of Marriage, it is argued, should leave the question of the difference between "interpreting" and "describing" open. This is a particularly urgent requirement in the case of painting, whose muteness and ungrammaticalness ought to be respected in writing. A description of Poussin's painting will need to account, at minimum, for three main aspects of the scene: its unexpected arrangement of the central trio of actors (Virgin Mary, Joseph, and the priest); its treatment of the cross on the ground made by the tiling of the temple floor; and, above all, the complex configuration of veiled woman and stone column placed at the picture's left hand side. Bernini's reaction to the woman and the column, recorded by Chantelou, ought to be taken seriously. The controversies and perplexities attending the theology of the marriage sacrament in post-Tridentine Rome are echoed, it is argued, in key elements of Poussin's staging.


Jewish scholars and readers sometimes express distaste for reading the New Testament, or anything about it. The reasons are obvious: for centuries Jews have been killed, persecuted, or ill-treated because of what appears in that work. Now, in addition to this understandable resentment, another issue has arisen, as a byproduct of the cultural warfare going on in literary studies in general: the New Testament is an everpresent reminder of the appropriation of the Bible by Christians, into a "JudaeoChristian tradition." Appropriation and co-option are powerful terms these days. Anyone remotely connected with universities knows that a struggle is raging over the political aspects of literary studies, especially over the (Biblically derived) question of "the canon"what works should be includedand how to formulate a tolerant and broadminded multicultural


Sentire il trauma - In this paper about the clinical story of a woman whose life has been wounded by several traumas, the author dwells on a crucial passage in the analytical relationship. The described experience and the derived theoretical questions refer to the development in the relationship of a different level of feeling (at the beginning experienced only by the analyst), that has constituted the ground, the bodily and sensorial basis of a change for years appeared as impossible.


Vibrational intensities are both experimentally measured and theoretically important physical quantities which are directly related to the distribution of the electric charges in a molecule. In this paper, the molecule TMP(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidone) have been studied extensively utilizing ab initio Hartee-fock(HF) and density functional frequencies are calculated and scaled values were compared with experimental values. The study of the assignment is performed on the basis of total energy distribution (TED). FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of TMP have been recorded. IR, Raman intensities, HOMO-LUMO, NBO analysis were investigated. The electric dipole moment, polarizability and first hyper polarizability of the molecule is computed. The UV absorption spectrum of the title molecule that dissolved in solvents were examined in the range of 200-400 nm.


physiological importance, and certainly will furnish therapeutical indications to those who wish to study. M. Dumontpallier subsequently requested M. Landolt to test, by experiments on the sight, the correctness of what M. Gelle had discovered with regard to hearing, and what he had himself found out in the general sensibility. The results obtained by him were absolutely of the same order; that is to say, Al. Landolt discovered that when sight was restored on the affected side, it was lost on the other, and this in fixed proportions. The phenomena of transfer disappeared with sensibility; that is to say, at the end of two or three hours, sometimes at the end of one day, things returned to their original condition ; the affected side again became insensible; the phenomena of transfer disappeared. The transfer which exists in hysteria is not produced in hemianaesthesia from poisoning, nor in hemianmesthesia due to cerebral organic lesions. This is important; because, as soon as transfer has been discovered, we may in general pronounce the case to be hysteria. By the side of these facts may be placed what may be termed supplementary facts, which one day, it is to be hoped, will have a therapeutic application. These supplementary facts, or at least some of them, have already been foreseen by M. Burq, but they have only been scientifically established by the Commission of the Societe de Biologie. There was in M. Charcot's wards a woman who was attacked with left ovarian pain, with left hemianmesthesia, and who had hystero-epileptic attacks. This patient presented the singular phenomenon that, when the metal (gold) which affected her was applied on the forearm, at the end of a minute sensibility returned; but this return of sensibility lasted only one minute, and during the second minute the skin had again become insensible. This M. Burq has called return-insensibility. It was not easy to make experiments on this patient, in whom the phenomena changed every minute. There was scarcely time in her case to measure the temperature or the muscular force ; it was only possible to note sensibility and insensibility. M. Vigouroux has recalled to memory that M. Burq had discovered, under certain circumstances, it was possible to fix the phenomena produced. He had seen that sensibility, once recovered, could be fixed by applying a plate composed of two metals. M. Vigouroux then had the idea of making the following experiment. The woman in question was alternately sensible and insensible from one minute to another. The experimenter took each of these phenomena during the minute it lasted, and fixed it by placing on the active metallic plate a neutral one. He was able to note, by operating in this way, that sensibility lasted during half an hour, and that insensibility could be made to last the same time by proceedino in the same way. M. Burq has lately applied these phenomena to therapeutic purposes on the woman Morissot, the patient who at first was sensitive to gold. and then went on to be acted upon by silver. He fixed these phenomena by applying on the skin during the period of sensibility a plate of German silver. Sensibility, which had returned, lasted, and remained so long as the patient continued to wear the plate.


s The four growth regulators, gibbrelic acid, hapthalene actic acid, ethephon, maleic hydrazide and one micronutrient, boron were used for foliar application at various concentrations with two controls i.e. water spray and absolute control. Five sprays were given at 40,55,70,85 and 100 days after sowing from the present study naphthalene acetic acid at 50 PPM and boron at 4 PPM were effective in improving the quality parameters of ridge gourd.


how to pay for paper and for foreign publications; how to identify and satisfy the audiences they serve; how to establish professional standards in a new world; how to maintain their independence without losing their bases of support. This anthology of translations documents the struggle and makes this critically important period more widely accessible to scholars, students and other interested readers.


Thank you for downloading cross national consumer psychographics. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their favorite readings like this cross national consumer psychographics, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer. cross national consumer psychographics is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our book servers spans in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the cross national consumer psychographics is universally compatible with any devices to read.


The mutual inductance impedance within the multiple-input single-output (MISO) magnetic induction coil array is the main factor limiting the transmission rate. In this regard, this paper proposes a MISO magnetic communication transmission method based on precoding in the transmitting coil array. Firstly, the source of interference in the coil array of the MISO magnetic induction communication transmitter is analyzed. The impedance matrix of the transmitting coil is estimated according to the frequency of the modulation signal and the physical relationship of the coil. The zero-forcing precoding matrix operation method is used to zero the mutual inductance impedance between different transmitting coils in the impedance matrix, in order to eliminate interference in the transmitting coil array. Secondly, the modulation signal is loaded into each transmitting coil of MISO magnetic induction communication, and the induced electromotive force is generated in the receiving coil through the magnetic induction medium to complete the signal transmission. This method can eliminate the mutual inductance impedance in the transmitting coil array and suppress the interference between coils. In this paper, we design relevant simulation experiments to verify the effect of the proposed method on the information transmission rate of a magnetic communication system. The experimental results show that when the transmission power is greater than 2.5 mW, the data transmission rate is greatly improved compared with the method without zero forcing precoding. When the transmission power reaches 5 mW, the data transmission rate can be increased by about 11%.


New ion probe isotopic measurements of carbon trapped within the 50 nm thick surface layer of lunar regolith grains strongly suggest that solar wind C is depleted in 13C by at least 10% relative to terrestrial C. In order to account for the general 13C enrichment of planetary C relative to solar C, we propose that the main carriers of C in these objects, i.e., organics, were formed in an environment that allowed a strong isotopic enrichment of 13C in the solid phase. Such an environment is most likely a dense and warm circumstellar or interstellar gas medium, which could well correspond to the nebula surrounding the proto-Sun, where isotopic fractionation could be triggered by photochemical reactions.


DENNIS A. RONDINELLI. Secondary Cities in Developing Countries. Policies for Diffusing Urbanization . Sage Library of Social Research 145, Sage Publications, 1983.