Accounts receivable is the amount of money due from customers.They are tallied by invoices and arise as a result of the operating cycle's process of selling inventory or services on terms that allow delivery prior to the collection of cash. Receivable exists because most industries offer their customers payment terms other than cash on delivery.A company that refuses to offer terms,that is demands cash on sale,will lose sales and customers because the customers will purchase their goods from competitors who offer such terms.The accounts receivable has increased accompanying the market competition of the postal enterprises.How to manage accounts receivable becomes more and more important because the ineffective credit control policy influence the cash turnover and operating effectiveness and has a negative effect for the development of postal enterprises. The article analyzes the formation of accounts receivable and submit the proposal to set up the credit control department to agree credit terms with customers according to the policy,establish internal authorization policy,emphasis the aging analysis and other measures to maintain the reasonableness of accounts receivable.


An optically powered thermistor transducer for measuring temperature is introduced. Both signal and supply power are transmitted by optical fiber in opposite directions between probe and main frame. The probe, which includes measuring and light transmission circuits, consumes only about 27.5 (mu) W, because it uses all CMOS chips and a special modulation scheme to reduce its electrical consumption. If LED is used as the power source and plastic optical fiber ((phi) equals 1 mm) as power transmission, the optically powered distance is less than one m. If SD as optical source and silicon optical fiber ((phi) equals 0.2 mm) as power transmission are to be used, the powered distance can get up to several hundred meters.


In introductory courses on electricity and magnetism, one of the hardest problems for students is the visualisation of 'lines of force' from charged particles and their attendant 'equipotential  surfaces'. We present here a three-dimensional model of equipotential surfaces in the vicinity of two equal positive charges (figure 1). Models of such surfaces have been built, in various media (Nose 1978), for over a hundred years. For example. using the contour map shown in figure 2 and a polystyrene board elements reproducing the different contours can be cut out and glued together to form the potential surfaces, or plaster of Paris could be used. As these models are bulky. the model below has been developed to simplify storage.


Contemporary models of structural analysis tend to operate with discrete units at different linguistic levels. There is, however, considerable debate regarding the choice of units and the validity of the cues that guide their demarcation. At the level of grammatical analysis, this debate focuses largely on the status of words vs subword units and on the generality of the linguistic properties that mark each type of unit. This paper suggests that the status of a unit type can be evaluated in terms of its informativity. A measure of informativity is obtained by assessing the influence that different
unit boundary types have on text compressibility. The results obtained from this initial study support a pair of general conclusions. The first is that unit boundaries primarily reflect a statistical structure, and that the typological variability of linguistic cues reflects the fact that they serve a secondary reinforcing function. The second is that word boundaries are the most informative boundary type, and that the demarcation of words provides the most informative description of the regular patterns in a language.


Nucleic acids ligation is a crucial step in replication and repair of DNA and in genetic recombination. Researches on DNA ligation have been generally based on gel electrophoresis and autoradiography in the past, which include complex work and are time-consuming. In this paper, a novel approach was developed for real-time monitoring of DNA ligation process. By using this approach, DNA ligation process can be monitored in real-time providing abundant, successive, dynamic and real-time data, which is of great importance for the mechanistic studies and dynamics research of DNA ligation. Ulteriorly, a qualification assay method for the ligase is developed, with a linear range from 4.0×10 -6 to 2.0×10 -4 U/μL and a detection limit of 4.0×10 -6 U/μL.


Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that has been reported to have beneficial effects on bone remodeling. Coating of titanium (Ti) implant surfaces with EPA could be used to achieve better bone healing. The aim of this study was to compare methods to coat polished Ti surfaces with a thin layer of EPA, either physically adsorbed or chemically bound, the latter being produced by UV irradiation of TiO2 and EPA. Surface characterization of the coatings was achieved by FTIR, profilometry, water contact angle (CA) measurements, and scintillation counting of [14C]-EPA. UV irradiation resulted in peroxidation of EPA molecules, while Ti surfaces became amphiphilic indicating dissociation of hydroxide molecules. The amount of [14C]-EPA that remained on UV irradiated surfaces was significantly higher than on non-irradiated surfaces. Surfaces with chemically bound EPA did not affect the viability of MC3T3-E1 cellsin vitro and were able to enhance cell attachment and differentiation, as indicated by increased gene expression of osteoblast-specific markers. Our results suggest that UV light is a suitable method to bind EPA on the surface of Ti disks, to improve cell attachment and differentiation of osteoblastic cells.


Parents get involved in the education of their children through various ways; for example, in school activities, providing instructions on academic skills, engaging in and out of school learning activities, schooling process, providing learning resources and relevant learning experiences. Career choice by students is critical but a complicated task that involves a difficult process of decision making hence, parental involvement is necessary in creating awareness on possible career paths of their children. The study therefore, sought to assess the influence of parental aspirations on career choice among students in public secondary school in Meru County. Descriptive survey design was used. Through stratified, systemic and purposive sampling, 460 participants comprising 377 Form Four students, 36 principals, 36 career guidance teachers and 11 form four parents' representatives were selected from 364 schools. Overall response rate was 92.1%. Data was collected using a questionnaire and an interview schedule. Analysis was done with the help of SPSS (Version 24) and Microsoft Excel. Mean and standard deviation were computed while linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between parental aspirations and career choice. The findings highlighted the critical role of parents in the selection process of careers of their children in public secondary. It was clear that the education level of parents is critical in informing career choices of children. The results show moderate influence of parental aspirations on careers selected by public secondary school students in Meru County where composite mean score is 3.35. Parents should strengthen their role in the provision of moral support, discussing and monitoring academic progress of children at school and at home; and rewarding them when they perform well in school, and should encourage their children to seek information on careers and exposing  them to different career options. Keywords: Career choice, parental aspirations, parental influence, parental involvement. DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-22-10 Publication date : August 31 st 2019


This paper describes the combined imaging of towedstreamer and ocean-bottom cable (OBC) seismic data in a deep-water area where surface obstructions lead to areas of poor coverage in towed-streamer data alone. We show that the workflow presented provides a high quality contiguous dataset which gives improved confidence in reservoir characterization workflows and reduced risk in well planning. Introduction Surface obstructions related to oil production infrastructure are common in mature fields like many of those in the Campos basin. Towed-streamer surfaceseismic acquisition can be acquired very efficiently, but has a fundamental limitation in that the streamers cannot be towed close to such obstructions without the risk of damage to both seismic equipment and production infrastructure. This problem can be partially mitigated by the acquisition of close-pass and undershoot acquisition, but areas of poor coverage in the surface-seismic dataset usually remain. This in turn leads to areas of poor and variable data quality, generally in key areas of interest around producing reservoirs. Seabed seismic, on the other hand, generally requires more effort in acquisition, but allows sources and receivers to be placed closer to obstructions, giving improved coverage in these areas. The objective of this survey is to both enhance understanding of the mature post-salt turbidite reservoirs and to provide improved images of prospective post-salt carbonates and pre-salt targets. The survey area in this case-study is characterized by variable water-depths which range from shallow (<150 m) to ultra-deep water (>2000 m). The broad geological setting is described in figure 1 and a typical sequence of post-salt sedimentary layers, Albian carbonates, a salt layer of generally thin but variable thickness with pre-salt layers beneath. Figure 1 surface-seismic section showing geological environment Input data Approximately 1000 km of towed-streamer surface seismic was acquired over the area by the vessel Western Monarch during the second half of 2011. The OBC data was acquired in the first half of 2010. Table 1 compares key acquisition parameters for the two surveys. Figure 2 shows a post-plot of the towed streamer data where the effect of obstructions can clearly be seen. Figure 2 – towed streamer post-plot map – areas of poor and irregular coverage can be seen where obstructions like the FPSO inset were situated. In 2011 a fasttrack pre-stack time migration was produced onboard the towed-streamer vessel. Sections and timeslices from this volume (figure 3) show the impact of missing data on the final product. Existing, partially processed datasets (up to and including demultiple) for both the streamer and OBC data were used as input to the proposed integrated imaging workflow. MITIGATING THE EFFECT OF SURFACE OBSTRUCTIONS IN DEEP-WATER CAMPOS BASIN ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thirteenth International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society 2 2010 Seabed 2011 Surface Type Vectorseis OBC inline shooting Q-Marine


The article mainly introduces the application scope and construction technique of filling grouting into pea gravel in tunnel constructed by tunnel boring machine(TBM),analyzes the factors that influence the construction quality of grouting,and presents some suggestions to ensure the technical quality of grouting.


The relationship between high energy phenomena and the interstellar medium is wide. I had to make a selection, and only cover a few aspects : cosmic rays, gamma rays, correlation between radio synchrotron and infra red emission and its influence on cosmic rays ; and finally some new observational results. Cosmic rays are a very important component of the interstellar medium, since their energy content is comparable to that of the gas and the magnetic field ; thus, they "belong" in a meeting such as this. The general shape of the energy spectrum as a power law of index 2.7 has been known for a long time ; in 1954, Fermi suggested that cosmic rays are accelerated by their random collisions with interstellar clouds, thus accounting for the spectrum shape, but he could not predict the value of the power index. At present, we know, more precisely, that the spectrum of cosmic ray protons between lOGeV and lO^eV is a very straight, essentially featureless power law in E" -Newer data from the JACEE experiment (Burnett et al. 1990) agree very well with results known before for protons. They found a surprising result for He, not explained at the moment; for the other species, the results follow quite well those obtained at lower energy. The cosmic ray anisotropy is very low ; at energies above =10 eV it increases with energy like E°-> but at lower energy it appears to remain roughly constant at <0.1%. This very small anisotropy indicates that cosmic rays are very well confined, otherwise we would see their sources in their angular distribution. Why are they so well confined ? One possibility, if the galactic magnetic field is closed, is that cosmic rays are trapped for ever in the galaxy, where they slowly loose their energy through collisions. In that case, the "grammage", or amount of matter traversed by lGeV cosmic rays, would be = 100 g/cm. Now, it may be that the galactic magnetic field is closed, but that cosmic rays inflate bubbles in it, and finally puncture them and escape in the halo (Parker, 1969). This gives rise to the "leaky-box" model of cosmic ray confinement, where cosmic rays are very well confined to a disk or a thick disk, and once in a while encounter a hole and escape. The possibility most favoured by cosmic ray specialists is that cosmic rays diffuse in the interstellar medium, either because of interactions with large scale magnetic field irregularities, or because of resonant scattering with hydromagnetic waves of wavelength comparable to their Larmor radius. In addition, the magnetic field lines make a random walk in the disk, and sometimes they get close to the border and cosmic rays can escape.


The present invention relates to a multi-frequency PIFA type antenna comprising a radiating element (10) placed at a distance from a ground plane, said radiative member (10) having at least one connection to said ground plane (32) and a point feeding (31) and being provided with at least one slot (20 ...) of which one end is located on an edge (10a) of said radiative member (10), whose other end is located in the within said radiative member (10) and whose shape is such that it delimits on said radiative member (10) a zone (11) convex, said antenna then being the seat of several resonance frequencies. According to the invention, it is characterized in that said or each slot (20) comprises at least one protuberance (40, ..., 50, ...).


As the detected signal energy value decreases,the signal interference increases and the threshold decreases due to path loss in cognitive radio systems,so that the detection probability of double threshold energy cooperative detection algorithm decrease.To solve this problem,double threshold energy cooperative detection algorithm based on mixed adaptive weighted was presented.The data detected by the cognitive users were divided into different areas according to the two thresholds.Then the data were adaptive weighted in fusion center,in which the SNR weight factor and distance weight factor were introduced to adjust the weight of double threshold to reduce the impact of threshold caused by energy loss.Finally,the fusion center adopted "or" rule to make the final decision results.The simulation results show that double threshold energy cooperative detection algorithm based on mixed adaptive weighted algorithm has the better detection probability compared with the tradition double threshold energy cooperation detection algorithm,furthermore the detection probability can be improved with the data when the two thresholds increasing.


The goal of this paper is to suppress the narrowband interference (NBI) and wideband interference (WBI) in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) by using a nonparametric method. The method is based on the analysis of time-frequency characteristic of NBI and WBI from which an interference suppression filter combined with the constant false alarm rate algorithm is designed. In this approach, the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is used to estimate the instantaneous frequency of the SAR echo data with interference. In the STFT domain, the instantaneous frequency spectrum is represented by wavelet, and then, the designed filter filters the corresponding wavelet coefficients of the interference components. In addition, this algorithm is robust to time-varying NBI and WBI. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by the simulated and measured data, and the effectiveness is demonstrated.


The magnitude of four independent amplitudes is determined in charged kaon photoproduction in the energy range of 1500 to 2300MeV incident photon. Differential cross section and three polarization parameters are required for such amplitudes reconstruction at different kaon scattering angles. This analysis has indicated that the magnitudes of spin-flip amplitudes of the target nucleon dominate over the non-flip ones in all energies and scattering angles. The results have been compared with the solution of phase shift analysis sp98 at all energies. This analysis indicates that here is a good agreement between the present work and the results of phase shift analysis at all energies and scattering angles.


Tests were conducted to find an effective residual adulticide and larvicide for treatment of whole grain and other stored products. Insects were reared at 28± 1°C and 65 ± 5% RH with a 16L:8D photoperiod. Each insecticide was dissolved in a 19:1 (v/v) acetone and olive oil solvent mixture and one ml of it was used to impregnate Whatman no. 1 filter paper. Treated papers were stored overnight on aluminum foil in a ventilated area before use. Exposure chambers consisted of 266 ml plastic cups with the bottom removed. In these chambers insects were exposed by placing them without food on the impregnated filter paper. After 4 hr they were transferred to 9 cm petri dishes containing cracked corn.


A new oleanane-type saponin lactone was isolated from the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Astragalus corniculatus Bieb. The structure of the saponin was elucidated as 19-hydroxyolean-12-ene-28, 21β-olide 3β-D-xylopyranoside (1) by chemical and spectral methods.


The present invention relates to a system and a method for cancelling an instant message. The present invention includes: a first terminal which transmits an instant message (a first message), whose receiving terminal is a second terminal, through an instant messenger (a first instant messenger) which is supplied by a management server or through the web, transmits a cancelation request about the first message to the management server, and receives a cancelation approval signal or a cancelation unavailability signal about the first message from the management server; the management server which receives the first message through the first instant messenger or the web from the first terminal, receives the cancelation request about the first message from the first terminal, enables the second terminal to delete the first message from a database by transmitting the cancelation approval signal to the first terminal and transmitting a cancelation signal to the second terminal when a reception signal about the first message is received from the second terminal, and transmits the cancelation unavailability signal to the first terminal and deletes the first message from the database of the first terminal when the reception signal about the first message is received from the second terminal; and the second terminal which receives the first message through the first instant messenger or the web from the management server and deletes the first message from the database when a cancelation signal about the first message is received from the management server. [Reference numerals] (100) First terminal; (200) Management server; (210) Reception means; (220) Identification signal providing means; (230) Conversion means; (240) Transmission means; (250) Cancellation means; (260) Calculation means; (270) Location information providing means; (300) Second terminal; (400) Messenger server; (500) Third terminal; (600) Mobile communication service provider server; (700) Fourth terminal


Objective:To investigate the treatment of arthroscopic debridement and lateral release of the patella with small incision for patellofemoral degeneration.Methods:Twenty-seven patients with patellofemoral osteoarthritis were included in this study,with 15 males and 12 females,aging from 51 to 66 years,averagely 59 years.All patients underwent an arthroscopic debridement and lateral release of the patella with small incision.The rehabilitation training was performed on the patients postoperatively.Results:An average follow-up of 18 months revealed that all 27 incisions got primary healing without hemarthrosis.The effective rate was 93%.The preoperative Lysholm score was(51±13) while the postoperative score was(89±8),and there was significant difference between the scores(P0.01).Conclusion:Arthroscopic debridement and lateral release of the patella with small incision might be an effective surgical procedure to alleviate pain caused by patellofemoral degeneration.


Dongxi gas field, one of the earliest discovered old gas fields in the eastern Sichuan Basin, are incomplete in geologic data and have not been systematically studied. In order to better carry out cooperative development of the low-efficiency gas reservoirs and tap its resource potentials, it is necessary to analyze, summarize and study the geologic features of the low-efficiency gas reservoirs in the Triassic Jialingjiang Formation of this gas field. Based on an analysis of the dynamic and static data, it is believed that the gas reservoirs in the Jialingjiang Formation are characterized by vertical multilayered payzones, lateral zonation of deliverability, and multiple pressure systems. Quantitative methods are used, for the first time, to demonstrate the contribution of fractures to enhancing poroperm characteristics of the carbonate gas reservoirs in south of the eastern Sichuan Basin. Ideas are presented for future production potential tapping. The northern block with moderate permeability and the top block with high permeability have entered into the late stage of potential tapping, thus current abandoned wells and low-efficiency wells should be checked and a scientific recovery process should be formulated. While in the southern block with moderate to low permeability, future focus should be selecting favorable well locations, increasing gas recovery rate and boosting productivity as high as possible. Meanwhile, proposals of accelerating exploration and development are also presented for the buried structure encountered for the first time in the western Dongxi.


This paper presents the performance of a new kind of single patch microstrip antenna: dual parallel slot patch antenna (DPSPA). When two parallel slots are incorporated on the antenna patch, the bandwidth increases above 30%. Compared to the U-slot microstrip patch antenna, DPSPA is simpler in construction. By only adjusting the length, width and position of the slots, one can obtain satisfactory results. A wideband patch antenna with 30% bandwidth is designed. It covers 1.9 through 2.4 GHz, which are very useful frequencies in modern wireless communications. Radiation patterns are also measured and presented.


Using a modified Hubbard low‐pressure acoustic interferometer, the velocity‐dispersion region of methane/water‐vapor mixtures was measured as a function of (f/p). From this, it was possible to obtain the shift in the Napier time of the mixtures as a function of the mole percent of water vapor present. The results were subjected to an analysis similar to that of Tuesday and Boudart, an analysis that is based on two postulates: a "resonance" between methane and water vapor and rapid deexcitation of water vapor with itself. Numerical solution of the resulting equation kTτp = K10+(K20−K10)X+K30X[K50+(K40−K50)X(K03+K50)+(K40−K03−K50)X] yielded a quadratic dependence of the Napier time on the mole fraction of water vapor. Reaction rates for the five possible reactions in a binary gas mixture were obtained. Since these reaction rates are the reciprocals of the Napier times, the collisions numbers were also obtained. When the collisions numbers obtained are compared with those of other investigators, the agreemen...


Abstract Sorption kinetics and controlling factors of phenanthrene (PHE) adsorption on limestone were obtained by batch experiments. A pseudo-first-order equation fit well with the experimental data. Roles of carbonate and organic matter in the adsorption process of PHE were studied by using a sequential separation procedure. It was discovered that organic matter remarkably affected the behavior of PHE in the adsorption procedure, and carbonate slightly affected the adsorption process due to its influence on physical characteristics of limestone. Different pH conditions led to precipitation and dissolution of carbonate and dissociation of limestone hydroxyl groups, which affected adsorption capacity. In the presence of low ionic strength, calcium ions would occupy some adsorption sites, leading to a decrease in PHE adsorption. By contrast, standard free energy (ΔG0) became more negative when the concentration of CaCl2 increased from 0.005 to 0.1 M, which was consistent with the amount of adsorption increa...


Abstract This study seeks to investigate the nature of the relationship between benefits and problems as alternative market segmentation bases. In this regard, are benefit clusters mutually associated with problem clusters? The results of applying a segment congruence analysis to the benefits and problems associated with dog food revealed that each, at least contextually, is a separate theoretical concept. As a result, the study suggests that strategy may dictate the usage of either as a market segmentation base.


Alternative fuel within the meaning of Directive 2014/94/EU is, among others, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), characterized by a lower purchase cost and lower emissions of toxic exhaust compounds in comparison to the combustion of classic gasoline. In wood chippers, intended for chopping branches, with low-power internal combustion engines that meet the emission standards in force in 2019 in the European Union, in accordance with Regulation 2016/1628/EU, carburetor fuel supply systems are commonly used. Innovative trends in the development of these drives are: electronic fuel injection, systems supporting the adaptation of the working elements to the conditions of use and the use of alternative fuels. The first two solutions significantly affect the cost of purchasing a power unit or modernizing it. The authors of this article indicate, as a beneficial alternative, a cheap (EUR 105) possibility of modernizing the carburetor fuel supply system. It is based on a modification that will allow for the use of LPG instead of gasoline to drive the working system of the wood chipper. This article presents the results of tests on the fuel consumption of a wood chipper powered with gasoline (3.04 L h−1) and LPG (3.65 L h−1) during continuous chipping. The cost of an hour of chipping related to fuel consumption was determined, which was equal to 3.89 € h−1 while using gasoline, and 2.19 € h−1 when using LPG. The mass flow rate (0.66 t h−1) and volumetric flow rate (3.5 m3 h−1) of a wood chipper powered by a low-power (9.5 kW) internal combustion engine with spark ignition were determined. In addition, we determined the cost of producing 1 m3 of biomass from chipping freshly cut oak branches (Quercus robur L. Sp. Pl. 996 1753) with a maximum diameter of 80 mm and a humidity of 25%. The branches were selected earlier in such a way that their dimensions as as similar as possible. This amounted to EUR 1.11 for a gasoline-powered drive and EUR 0.63 for a LPG powered one. The benefits of using an alternative fuel supply system, the installation of which increases the cost of the machine by 8.4%, have been confirmed.


DOI: 10.21276/sjet.2017.5.11.7 Abstract: Nowadays, mobile devices are considered as an important necessity in our daily lives. Mobile devices can keep us connecting with family, friends, colleagues and so on. Moreover, combining with the sprung up social networking sites, lots of people have permanently altered their way of living habits. For example, more and more new mobile devices have successfully launched in the market, people in the world can easily contact with anyone everywhere at any time. However, there are some problems we should concern. Thanks to the new technology and cyber worlds are prosperous, the mobile phones and social networking sites have become a tool or medium for perpetrators to commit a crime in recent years. As a result, the investigators should collect important evidences from all the digital devices at the crime scene, such as computer, mobile phone, tablet and so forth. In this paper, we focus on the mobile forensics of Dcard application running on the mobile phone. In the experiment, we strive to search the digital evidence that user has been done on the mobile phone. We adopt "dd" instruction to create an image file for the physical memory. The physical memory is also called non-volatile memory. The data stored in the non-volatile memory would not be vanished when the power is cutting off. Thereafter, we make use of authoritative computer forensic tools which is called FTK Imager to analyze these significant evidences and the correlation between them in detail. In addition, we also adopt SQLite editor to examine and analyze the database on the mobile phone. The analysis of experiment was performed with the aim of determining what information can be found on the device. We find that which behavior of suspect will leave what kind of evidences in the mobile phone. These findings could be an important reference for law enforcement agency to investigate a cybercrime.


As information technologies evolve, computing environments become more distributed, cooperated, and heterogeneous. More and more software applications written in different programming languages running on different platforms with different operating systems are required to communicate with one another over different computer networks in a collaborative manner. Conflicts resulting from having heterogeneous cooperated distributed computing environments require strategies for software interoperability. In this paper, we present a 4-layered interconnection model to support the development of heterogeneous distributed coordinated reusable components. Each layer will have a collection of well-defined functions that access the layer below it by using its interface. The interconnection model decouples the applications and the underlying middleware implementations by isolating computation, communication, and coordination promotes reuse, improves comprehension, and eases maintenance due to software evolution.


The heat transfer and fluid flow performances of thin film evaporation were investigated numerically in this paper. Based on the coordinate transformation and the Galerkin Method, the analytical solutions of the temperature and pressure distribution within the meniscus bulk region, where the interface is dominated by surface tension were found. The effects of contact angle, superheat and aspect ratio on the temperature distribution of thin film evaporation in the rectangular groove were studied. Meanwhile, the pressure and velocity distribution of thin film evaporation were calculated and analyzed. The results had investigated in this paper can help understanding the mechanism of thin film evaporation for the further study.


Twenty isoxazoles were synthesized from α, s-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and evaluated against Pythium aphanidermatum and Fusarium oxysporum. Compared to quintozene, the reference fungicide (ED50 141 mg l−1), effective dosage for 3-phenyl-5-(4-methoxyphenyl) isoxazole, 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-nitrophenyl) isoxazole, 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl) isoxazole and 3,4-methlenedioxy phenyl-5-methylisoxazole against P. aphanidermatum were less than 100 mg l−1. Against F. oxysporum 3-(3-nitrophenyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl) isoxazole with ED50 value of 4S6.6 mg l−1 was found to be most potent among the test chemicals.


Dialogues are natural models for human communication and have also been used to model interaction within computer games. In this paper, we look at current models of dialogues from within the field of computational linguistics and explore their usefulness of games, and especially for the design of gameplay through interaction with nonplaying characters in games. This is done by analyzing several examples of computer-based games and similar playful activities, both to see which models of dialogues are used but also to suggest possible ways of expanding gameplay through using other dialogue models. Uses of existing models for dialogues within games are identified but an additional model, the Game State-based approach to dialogues, is introduced. The possible implications of the changes in gameplay are described through the use of gameplay design patterns, offering a way to encode design knowledge explicitly and link that knowledge to other gameplay design pattern collections.


To component (A) 5 to 100 mass% and (B) is made by containing the component 95-0% by weight (provided that the component (A) and (B) total 100% by weight of component A), to also (C1 ) component to the (a) component and the (B) thermoplastic resin composition, characterized in that made by containing 0.5 to 100 parts by weight based on the total 100 parts by mass of the component. Component (A): in the presence or absence of a rubber polymer, a styrene resin obtained by the aromatic vinyl compound or an aromatic vinyl compound and an aromatic vinyl compound and a copolymerizable other vinyl monomer (co) polymerization, (B) component: an olefin resin, (C1) component: block copolymer containing an olefin polymer block (c1-1) and the hydrophilic polymer block (c1-2). The composition, the impact resistance, chemical resistance, a molded product surface appearance, and antistatic property naejineun antistatic provides excellent molded product.


Purpose – Marketers are increasingly aware of ethnic subgroups as segments to target with customized offers. This paper aims to investigate the role of ethnic‐related outlet attributes in determining the attractiveness of mainstream and ethnic service outlets to ethnic consumers.Design/methodology/approach – Based on institutional theory and self‐congruity theory, the paper proposes that two sets of outlet attributes, ethnic‐related and performative attributes, influence the attractiveness of an outlet. These effects are mediated by a business's pragmatic legitimacy, its social legitimacy (in terms of perceived sensitivity to ethnic culture), and the congruity between the consumer's self‐image and the business. A model is proposed and hypotheses derived. They are tested on data from an online survey among 483 Chinese Australian consumers about their use of travel agents. The hypotheses are tested using structural equation modelling.Findings – The study reveals that ethnic‐related attributes play a specifi...


We will show that, given an arbitrary strictly-ordered d-tree D, we can perform an invertible transformation to turn it into a binary c-tree C; and vice-versa. Let D be given. We visit each node h ∈ {1,. .. , L} and split it into K + 1 nodes, where K = |M h |, organized as a linked list, as Figure 3 illustrates (this will become the spine of h in the c-tree). For each modifier m k ∈ M h with m 1 ≺ h. .. ≺ h m K , move the tail of the arc h, m k , Z k to the (K + 1 − k)th node of the linked list and assign the label Z k to this node, letting h be its lexical head. Since the incoming and outgoing arcs of the linked list component are the same as in the original node h, the tree structure is preserved. After doing this for every h, add the leaves and propagate the yields bottom up. It is straightforward to show that this procedure yields a valid binary c-tree. Since there is no loss of information (the orders ≺ h are implied by the order of the nodes in each spine), this construction can be inverted to recover the original d-tree. Conversely, if we start with a binary c-tree, traverse the spine of each h, and attach the modifiers m 1 ≺ h. .. ≺ h m K in order, we get a strictly ordered d-tree (also an invertible procedure). We need to show that (i) Algorithm 1, when applied to a continuous c-tree C, retrieves a head ordered d-tree D which is projective and has the nesting property, (ii) vice-versa for Algorithm 2. To see (i), note that the projectiveness of D is ensured by the well-known result of Gaifman (1965) about the projection of continuous trees. To show that it satisfies the nesting property, note that nodes higher in the spine of a word h are always attached by modifiers farther apart (otherwise edges in C would cross, which cannot happen for a continuous C). To prove (ii), we use induction. We need to show that every created c-node in Algorithm 2 has a contiguous span as yield. The base case (line 3) is trivial. Therefore, it suffices to show that in line 8, assuming the yields of (the current) ψ(h) and each …


This paper proposes an improved LeNet-5 convolutional neural network (CNN) named MeLy-Net which is more suitable for implementing on the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) by using quantization technique at the low power consumption. The parallel inference strategies of kernel layer and pooling layer operation in the MeLy-Net are discussed in detail. The high level synthesis (HLS) tool is used to form the accelerator Intellectual Property (IP), the PYNQ-Z2 development board with proceeding system (PS) and programming logic (PL) two parts is used to realize the complete deployment of the FPGA-based accelerator, and the ARM core on the PS side controls the MeLy-Net FPGA-based accelerator on the PL side through the AXI bus. The MNIST dataset tests show the 98.8% accuracy is achieved by the MeLy- Net. It can achieve high-speed handwriting digital image recognition of MNIST dataset under the low power consumption of 2.128W, and can finish 1000 images processing within only 1.8ms.


English composer considered one of the best 20th century liturgical composers in the English cathedral tradition. He taught composition for more than 60 years at the Royal College of Music. From 1936 he served as music director of St. Paul's Girls School. He also produced a corpus of secular works as keyboard pieces, chamber music, and orchestral works.

Keywords:

howells, herbert (1892–1983);
english composer, liturgical composers;
chamber music;
orchestral works three dances for violin and orchestra;
organ works, sonatas and six psalm preludes


The concept of an electronic or digital engineering design notebook used by designers to capture information for re-use and sharing is becoming reality in many different flavors. Our development of PENS (Personal Electronic Notebook with Sharing) responds to observed designers' needs for a lightweight tool that is facile enough to compete with paper notebooks in functionality. As design information is entered into PENS in real-time, the PENS information web grows. As it grows, selections can be incrementally published for sharing with collaborators over the Internet's World-Wide Web. In an era where both network security concerns and distributed collaboration demands are growing together, PENS has the capability for firewall-independent sharing. To evaluate the utility of the PENS notebook concept, a prototype has been developed and used by 14 mechanical engineering design teams that span local and remote design partnerships.


good and 81.8% had acceptable condition. Table 1 also highlights the duration of stay of patients before and after Hajj day showing that majority of patients 48.4% staying for 2-4 days until 9th of Dhu-Al-Hijjah but after 9th of Dhu-Al-Hijjah maximum patients 42.4% left the hospital on the same or next day. Table 2 shows us the presentation of different diagnosis with their ICD-10 codes.7 There were only 7 codes in which various diagnoses fall but the diagnosis of patients with musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorder were at higher rate 24. 2%. Our study gives us a picture of how it was made possible for the ill to perform Hajj by the hospital management. Other studies regarding Hajj,3-6 and more than this had been conducted in past but it is a different type of study ever done for the first time in the KSA. Our study indicates that the provided selection criteria is followed closely and no undue effects were experienced by allowing patients to attend Hajj. Moreover, hospital should carefully select patients who should be allowed to go with the Hajj caravan in order to avoid unnecessary morbidity and mortality.


The pH optimum for demethylation of TMAO in minced red hake muscle at –5C was approximately 7.0. This value was higher than the pH optimum for the crude soluble enzyme in an anaerobic system utilizing flavin and NADH and for an aerobic system with ferric iron and ascorbate but was similar to the pH optimum observed with the flavin-NADH system in the presence of air. Both the anaerobic and aerobic flavin-NADH systems had sufficient activity in the presence of optimal concentrations of cofactors to account for all of the demethylation of TMAO observed in minced muscle. Comparison of concentrations of flavins and NADH and their rate of change during storage at temperatures both below and above freezing with previously determined kinetic constants suggest that this cofactor system may be critical in determining the rate of TMAO demethylation in post mortem red hake muscle. The extent of TMAO breakdown at –5C caused by the iron-ascorbate system was barely sufficient to account for the amount of DMA produced in the minced muscle. With the relatively low concentrations of iron and ascorbate present in the tissue, this system seems unlikely to be a major factor in TMAO degradation in situ.


A study was made on steels containing varying additions of calcium, rare earth metals (REM), and tellurium. The investigation was carried out to study: 1. The arcing and fusion-zone characteristics (FZC) of gas tungsten arc (GTA) spot welds. 2. The short circuiting arc frequency and FZC of gas metal arc (GMA) beadon-plate welds. 3. The hot-cracking susceptibility of sulfide shape controlled (SSC) steels with Varestraint tests. Impulse decanting was used to study FZC for the welding processes used. Metallographic studies were also made on weld beads to determine weld-bead appearance and weld-bead shape characteristics. The data obtained in this investigation suggest that no significant adverse changes in FZC of weld beads should be obtained when welding steel containing relatively low amounts of Ca or REM. The susceptibility to weld hot-cracking was reduced by relatively low additions of Ca or REM. Therefore, Ca or REM additions, within the range normally found in commercially melted linepipe and HSLA steels, should not present any significant adverse welding problems. The results obtained with the Te-treated steels indicated that, although the FZC of Paper presented at the 65th Annual AWS Convention held in Dallas, Texas, during April 8-13, 1984. G. A. RATZ is with Molycorp, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and E. F NIPPES, J. MATHEW, and W. H. BAEK are associated with Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York. the weld bead were not affected, susceptibility to weld-cracking increased with relatively low amounts of Te. Reasons for the effects of these elements on the welding parameters are explored in this paper.


Background. The cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) was first described in 2004. It is considered as a functional gastrointestinal syndrome characterized by the presence of nausea, severe and cyclic morning vomiting, epigastric abdominal pain, hot water bathing for symptom relief, in patients that use cannabis regularly and has a resolution of the syndrome after cessation of cannabis consumption. Clinical Case. Report of a 29 year old male, with daily consumption of cannabis, with history of intense epigastric abdominal pain and recurrent vomiting that partially responded to the use of antispasmodics. After 4 visits to the emergency department he was hospitalized for study and treatment. Laboratory and image exploration are carried out without positive results for organic disease. Therefore, a functional gastrointestinal syndrome is thought, and a cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome was suspected. A psychiatric evaluation is carried out, diagnosing a cannabis use disorder. Discussion and conclusion. CHS is a syndrome that has been described recently and is not usually considered as a differential diagnosis for patients with hyperemesis. However, the current high prevalence of cannabis consumption, will probably lead to a more frequent presentation of the syndrome at different health providers. Therefore, it is important to diffuse and update the knowledge about this syndrome to recognize it and develop a timely treatment, avoiding medical complications from invasive exploratory methods and the use of unnecessary resources.


This study deals with the general principles which should govern the structural rehabilitation of a building damaged by an earthquake focusing principally on the columns as the most important structural members. First, some basic factors that affect the degree of damage to buildings are given, as well as the importance of the relationship between strength and ductility when evaluating the seismic capacity of buildings. The Japanese Capacity Evaluation Method is applied to an existing building in Colombia and the results are verified with a dynamic response spectrum analysis. Then the damage pattern in reinforced concrete columns is explained, and finally three methods of retrofitting, concrete jacketing, steel jacketing and continuous fiber wrapping, are investigated.


Objective
To investigate the effect of individual donation-nucleic acid amplification test (ID-NAT) and minipool of 16 donations-NAT (P16-NAT) on the results of NAT of blood donors.

Methods
From February 2009 to June 2009, samples randomly collected from voluntary blood donors in Beijing were tested individually or in pooling of 16 donations by the PROCLEIX ULTRIO assay. For ID-NAT reactive samples with HBsAg, anti-HCV, or anti-HIV serologically unqualified,ID-NAT repeat reactive samples with serologically qualified, and P16-NAT reactive and followed resolution ID-NAT reactive samples, were performed for further discriminatory assays for HIV-1, samples and followed resolution ID-NAT reactive samples,were performed for further discriminatory assays for HBV,HCV and HIV-1 discriminatory reagents.Samples which were HBV NAT+ alone with serologically qualified were further quantified and confirmed of HBV DNA by Roche HBV quantitative PCR, analyzed by HBV serology and were diluted to simulate if they could be detected in P16-NAT.

Results
(1)Among 7613 samples tested by ID-NAT, 26 were NAT positive, i.e.the ID-NAT positive rate was 0.34% (26/7613). (2)Among 1004 P16 samples from 16 064 blood donations, 27 were NAT positive, i.e. the P16-NAT positive rate was 0.17%(27/16 064). (3)In serological qualified donations, ID-NAT yield rate (1 in 826, 9/7438) was much higher than P16-NAT (1 in 7875,2/15 750) (χ2=11.880,P<0.05). All these 9 ID-NAT positive and 2 P16-NAT positive donations were discriminated as HBV NAT positive. There were no HCV NAT yield or HIV NAT yield samples. (4)Dilution assay showed only 2 of the 9(22.22%) ID-NAT HBV yields were detected by P16-NAT. (5)Eight ID-NAT and 2 P16-NAT positive samples were quantified for HBV DNA and confirmed as HBV NAT yield, although the virus loads were very low:2 samples had HBV viral loads of 15 IU/ml and 472 IU/ml, 6 samples <12 IU/ml, and 2 could not be detected in the original samples while had <12 IU/ml and 14.3 IU/ml in the 10 times concentrated samples. (6)Among 11 HBV NAT yield cases, 3(27.3%) were possible HBV window-period donors with all HBV seromarkers negative, the other 8 (72.7%) had occult HBV infections with anti-HBc or anti-HBe positive, however anti-HBc IgM negative. (7)The rate of initial P16-NAT reactive pools needed to be further tested by ID-NAT was 2.49%(25/1004). Initial P16-NAT reactive pools which caused by serologically qualified donations was 0.20%(2/1004).

Conclusions
HBV NAT yield cases are detected at a higher frequency with ID-NAT than P16-NAT. In order to avoid samples with low viral loads would be undetected, NAT assay with high sensitivity should be selected and tested in minimized minipool donations or even with individual donation.(Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:53-58)

Key words:
Blood donors; Nudeic acids; Hepatitis B Virus; Hepacivirus; HIV; Immunoenzyme techniques


Massive MIMO has a big contribution in the future of 5G, where the base station is equipped with massive number of antennas. Massive MIMO can significantly improve signal strength, channel rate, power consumption, and transmission throughput. Coherent signal detection is used mostly in massive MIMO systems however, channel estimation process to get the channel state information (CSI), is a very complex and challenging part in massive MIMO. In this paper, non-coherent detection is used to avoid the complexity of channel estimation in massive MIMO systems by using differential phase shift keying modulation (DPSK). In addition to that, deep-learning is used to detect the transmitted DPSK signal without combining the antenna signals. Results showed that the proposed deep-learning-based model achieved the same differential detection performance without the knowledge of the user power space profile at each antenna compared to conventional differential detection.


The paper presents the risk of innovative activities in the real estate market. The aim of the paper is analysis of the investment risks within services in this market. It postulated that the risk connected with implementation of innovations in the real estate market is especially critical to this market. Secondary sources of information regarding the innovative activity on the real estate market and related risks were used to achieve the work objective, and obtained as part of the project "Support for monitoring cohesion policy ...", furthermore results connected in the European Innovation Scoreboard 2016 and the results presented by McKinsey &Company derived from the survey of 100 biggest companies in Poland. Analysis of the results obtained in the study supported the thesis concerning the important role of the
risk of innovative activities in the real estate market, which is little transparent in Poland and characterized by substantial variability of conditions.


Nowadays, in computer animations, tens of, even hundreds of animation objects are placed in a scene to form a typical animation scene and thousands of vertices are used to mathematically define each object in the scene. Applying three dimensional (3D) transformations to such scenes requires huge amount of CPU time. As a result, calculation of an animation scene could take a long time. Moreover, in the case of real time animations, it becomes almost impossible to calculate transformations on time. In this presented work, a 32-bit floating-point based hardware module was designed to speed-up 3D graphic transformations using field programmable gate array (FPGA) chips. The module was tested and functional verification of the module was done by comparing the results produced by the module to the results generated by general purpose computers (PCs) for the same set of input data. Module's data processing speed was compared to various PCs. The results showed that, 3D graphic transformations can be speeded-up by a factor (up to 11.47) employing the designed module.


The soil structure affects directly the capability of distributing and transmitting forces between its particles. Thus, the particle arrangement dictates the performance of soil under hydraulic and dynamic loads. This paper describes an analysis method in which the skeletal force chains of the particle assembly (packing) can be identified based on Discrete-Element-Method (DEM) modelling. For the simulations the software LIGGGHTS is used. A widely graded particle size distribution (PSD) is investigated to find correlations between PSD and the micromechanical properties of the particle assemblies. These PSD is based on common internal stability criteria prone to suffusion.
The different roles of fractions of the PSD in packings and the force chains under specified load are analysed. Therefor a packing is generated with the Modified-Force-Biased-Algorithm (MFBA). A method based on the bimodality of widely graded PSDs is proposed to differentiate the soil skeleton and the fill of packings of such a PSD. Particle contact number and contact forces are evaluated to identify the amount of loose particles, which are potentially mobile particles. The influence of the packing homogeneity on its skeleton is also addressed. The described method provides a better understanding of the soil structure as well as of internally stability of widely graded soil.


Objective: To explore the role of prostate specific antigen(PSA) in clinic and the lical normal reference value. Method: Datected the serum PSA concentration of 15 patients with prostate cancer and 25 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia comqaring with 60 health persons by ELISA Double Antiboies Sandwith. Results: The serum PSA concentration in patient with prostate cancer was 38.15±29.76(±s,mg/ml,the below as the asme),that in patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia was 6.28±5.20,that in health person was 2.75±1.02. There were significant fifferences among the three groups(P0.01). Correlation: analysis was performed betowwn PSA concentration and age, r=0.52,P0.01. Conclusion: The serum PSA was a very valuable marker in diagnosing and distinguish from prostate canccer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. PSA≤4ng/ml was difined as normal reference value in health male of this area. But the normal reference value should be raisd properly with we analyse the man over sixty.


In order to realize sustainable development and utilization of wild medicinal plant resources,threatened degree of Zanthoxylum Dissitum Hemsl resource was evaluated based on quantitative evaluation standard from eight aspects,including medicinal value,taxonomic significance,distribution and habitat requirement, amount of wild resource,decrease rate of wild resource,cultivated situation,protection status,and comprehensive utilization status.The results showed that total scores of threatened degree of Z.Dissitum Hemsl were up to 9,belonging to vulnerable species.Some countermeasures of conservation and sustainable utilization of wild Z.Dissitum Hemsl resource were put forward from three aspects.


The Third International Congress on Cardiac Problems in Pregnancy was held in Venice, Italy on 20–23 February 2014. In the UNESCO world heritage site, several hundred physicians and health care providers gathered to feast on a banquet of knowledge and ideas exchanged over two and a half days of presentations.


The orthogonal experiment on removal of fluoride from wastewater by fly ash is reposted in this paper. The results show that the importance of each effect factors on fluoride removal rate is pH V/MTC_f,R is 49.6,9.1,4.9,3.6 respectively;the optimal condition is pH=5,V/M=10,T=3h and Cf500 mg/L;theaction of fluoride adsorption by fly ash fit the Langmuir isotherm formula perfectly and the formula is Ce/qe=0.251 8Ce+6.087 3.


Nowadays, Video-Based Navigation (VBN) is increasingly used in space-applications. The future space-missions will include this approach during the Entry, Descent and Landing (EDL) phase, in order to increase the landing point precision. This paper presents FEMIP: a high performance FPGA-based features extractor and matcher tuned for space applications. It outperforms the current state-of-the-art, ensuring a higher throughput and a lower hardware resources usage.


In this article, the open problem of finding the exact value of the norm of the Hilbert matrix operator on weighted Bergman spaces $A^p_\alpha$ is adressed. The norm was conjectured to be $\frac{\pi}{\sin \frac{(2+\alpha)\pi}{p}}$ by Karapetrovi\'{c}. We obtain a complete solution to the conjecture for $\alpha \ge 0$ and $2+\alpha+\sqrt{\alpha^2+\frac{7}{2}\alpha+3} \le p < 2(2+\alpha)$ and a partial solution for $2+2\alpha < p < 2+\alpha+\sqrt{\alpha^2+\frac{7}{2}\alpha+3}.$ Moreover, we also show that the conjecture is valid for small values of $\alpha$ when $2+2\alpha < p \le 3+2\alpha.$ Finally, the case $\alpha = 1$ is considered.


The oral administration of sodium para-aminosalicylate was begun at the end of August, 1951, with six grammes per day for one week, then twelve grammes per day, followed by sixteen grammes per day for fourteen days. This was gradually reduced to eight grammes per day. At the same time intraarticular, periarticular and paravertebral injections of sodium para-aminosalicylate were given according to his condition twice a week or even daily. The improvement is truly startling, when the original state of the patient and his disease are considered. He can walk unaided without a stick, and quite easily with sticks. His pain is slight on certain days only, and his appetite and mental outlook are very much Improved. He sleeps through the night. He can now lift his hands above his head. There is some movement in the neck, in the dorsal part of the spine and in both hips. He is still under treatment.


Web service is a class of software based on open standards to provide business functionality on the web. Since business functionalities are prone to change frequently so these inherent services are also undergoing frequent changes. Due to these changes, maintenance of this class of software become tedious and costly affair. Maintenance activity is assumed to be the most expensive activity in software development and is performed throughout the life cycle of the software. Regression testing is a part of maintenance to rerun entire test suite every time whenever a change is made to the software. Regression testing is challenging and time consuming activity in web services because they are inherently distributed, heterogeneous and dynamic in nature. Thus in order to reduce software maintenance and ensure proper quality, regression testing has to be minimized. In this paper we have given an efficient approach by which we can effectively carry out regression testing of a web based application system whenever any change is made to the system.


Recent manufacturing techniques have categorized Friction welding as a common type of welding. In this study, the tensile properties of the welded similar and dissimilar joints and the microstructure of the fractured surfaces were investigated. The metals are stainless steel (SS304) (SS), mild steel (MS), and aluminium (AA6063) (AL). The experiments are done considering the diameter of the materials and the speed of rotation of the spindle. The results revealed dissimilar joint of MS and SS gave the highest strength and rigidity values while the dissimilar joint of MS and AL was the least. The micrographs of the fractured surfaces revealed ductile fracture mechanism for all the samples except for the samples with MS and AL joint. The variations in the ductility of the dissimilar welds are connected to the obtained weak and strong joints of the metals. More so, the fractured point was a bit far from the interface region of the metals.


In this paper, we continue our considerations concerning the ranking of intuitionistic fuzzy alternatives (options, variants, ...). We complete our previous considerations by showing in another way why the method proposed by us gives proper results. We stress when the method should be applied and emphasize its transparency.


This article has as its theme the construction of ethical values in university students: an analysis of the concepts and practices of university lecturers. The aim was to understand the practices of university lecturers in the construction of ethical values in university students. A qualitative methodology was chosen based on a literature review allied with an open questionnaire conducted with fifteen university lecturers from two higher education institutions in Pemba City, the Catholic University of Mozambique (Faculty of Tourism and Informatics Management and the Department of Ethics and Citizenship) and the Lúrio University (Faculty of Engineering). Faced with the transformations of society, the importance of ethics in the students' constructive process is discussed, whether in high school or higher education (university). It is concluded that university lecturers have the role not only of supporting students in the construction of pedagogical knowledge, experiences and good behavior, but they are also mentors in the construction of ethical values in the students' constructive process, combining the intellectual part and knowledge with the adoption of certain practices of ethical values of citizenship that are linked in society.


The direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is a powerful particle-based method for modeling gas flows. It works well for relatively large Knudsen (Kn) numbers, typically larger than 0.01, but quickly becomes computationally intensive as Kn decreases due to its time step and cell size limitations. An alternative approach was proposed to relax or remove these limitations, based on replacing pairwise collisions with a stochastic model corresponding to the Fokker-Planck equation [J. Comput. Phys., 229, 1077 (2010); J. Fluid Mech., 680, 574 (2011)]. Similar to the DSMC method, the downside of that approach suffers from computationally statistical noise. To solve the problem, a diffusion-based information preservation (D-IP) method has been developed. The main idea is to track the motion of a simulated molecule from the diffusive standpoint, and obtain the flow velocity and temperature through sampling and averaging the IP quantities. To validate the idea and the corresponding model, several benchmark problems with Kn similar to 10(-3)-10(-4) have been investigated. It is shown that the IP calculations are not only accurate, but also efficient because they make possible using a time step and cell size over an order of magnitude larger than the mean collision time and mean free path, respectively.


Euclidean Ramsey theory [i-3] is that branch of combinatorics which deals with questions of the following type: Which finite subsets C of lE" have the property that for any partition of Euclidean n-space lE" into r classes, say [En = C1 U *** v C, , some Ci always contains a subset C' which is the image of C under some Euclidean motion? Such C are said to be r-Ramsey for [En. We usually use alternate "chromatic" terminology and say that C is r-Ramsey for IE" if any r-coloring (=partition into r classes) of [En always contains a monochromatic copy of C (=image of Euclidean motion of C in one class). If for any r, a monochromatic copy of C always occurs in any r-coloring of IE" provided only that n is sufficiently large (as a function of r and C), we say that C is Ramsey. This subject is relatively young and many fundamental questions are still unanswered. For example, is any three-point subset C of the plane consisting of the vertices of a nonequilateral triangle 2-Ramsey in the plane? It is known that every C which forms a right triangle is (see [lo]). It is also known that (see [l]):


e21049 Background: Gene expression profiling has been shown to be effective in the analysis of postoperative tumor samples in breast cancer. However, when small specimens like core biopsy samples a...


Objective To analyze the expression of HLJ1 in the tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and the correlation between its expression and clinical pathological characteristic.Methods HLJ1 mRNA expression level was determined in 32 HCC tissues and their associated noncancerous liver tissues by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The correlation of HLJ1 expression level with clinicopathologic variables was also analyzed.Results HLJ1 mRNA expression level was significantly lower in HCC than in associated noncancerous liver tissue [(1.18±0.82) vs.(1.92±1.15),P0.05].Importantly,the HLJ1 mRNA expression level correlated with the Edmondson-Steiner grade(P=0.010) and vein invasion(P=0.001).Conclusions Our study indicates that HLJ1 mRNA expression level is significantly lower in HCC tissues than in associated noncancerous liver tissue.HLJ1 may participate in the cell proliferation and invasiveness of HCC cell.


S FROM MEDICAL LITERATUREDermatology Urology NOTICE124 Orthoptic Council of New South Wales 125 RESEARCH126 Nichols Fellowship 127 DIAIU" FOR THE MONTH MEDICAL APPOINTMENTS' IMPORTANT NOTICE 148


Among the variety of factors contributing to endothelial dysfunction accompanied by following gestosis manifestations is oxidative stress. Gestosis heaviness with the pregnant depends on lipid oxidative modification intensity and/or antioxidant system buffer capacity; it being known that products of lipid oxidative modification prevail in placenta rather that in vascular system of the mother, which provokes gestosis. The interaction between maternal neutrophils and lipids possessing heightened capabilityfor oxidation, and placental cells and their metabolites contributes to intensification of individual stages of oxidative stress.


Background.  Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a sensitive marker of inflammation and its elevation has been implicated in obesity and in cardiovascular disease, yet data on its regulation in young adults or on its role in early atherosclerosis is scarce. We investigated which factors explain the variation in SAA and analysed whether SAA could be associated with preclinical atherosclerosis.


Abstract Headspace gas concentrations and wood pellet properties were studied in sealed glass canisters at 5–40°C storage temperatures. CO2 and CO concentrations at 5, 10, 20 and 40°C at the end of 23–28 days of storage were 1600 and 200, 4700 and 1200, and 31 200 and 15 800 parts per million by volume (ppmv) respectively. Corresponding O2 concentration was about 19·49, 19·20, 18·0 and 2·07% respectively. Non-linear regression equations adequately described the gas concentrations in the storage container as a function of time. Safe level estimation functions developed were linear for O2 and logarithmic for CO and CO2 concentrations. Measured pellet properties moisture, length, diameter, unit, bulk and tapped density, durability, calorific value, ash content and percent fines were in the range of 4·6–5·02%, 14–15 mm, 6·4–6·5 mm, 1125–1175 kg m−3, 750–770 kg m−3, 825–840 kg m−3, 73–74%, 18·32–18·78 MJ kg−1, 0·65–0·74% and 0·13–0·15%. Durability values of pellets decreased by 13% at 40°C storage temperature and other properties changed marginally.


Purpose - – Variations in price/earnings (P/E) ratios are explained in a rational expectations framework by a number of fundamental factors, such as differences in growth expectations and risk. The purpose of this paper is to use a regression model and data from four sample periods (1996, 2000, 2001, and 2008) to separate the earnings/price (E/P) ratio into two parts – the portion of E/P that is related to fundamental determinants and a residual portion that cannot be explained by fundamentals. The authors use the residual portion as an indicator of over or undervaluation; a large negative residual is consistent with overvaluation while a large positive residual implies undervaluation. The authors find that stocks with larger negative residuals are associated with lower subsequent returns and reward-to-risk ratio, while stocks with larger positive residuals are associated with higher subsequent returns and reward-to-risk ratio. This pattern persists for both one and two-year holding periods. Design/methodology/approach - – This study uses a regression methodology to decompose E/P into two parts – the portion of E/P than is related to fundamental determinants and a residual portion that cannot be explained by fundamentals. Focussing on the second portion allows us to isolate a potential indicator of stock over or undervaluation. Using a sample of stocks from four time periods (1996, 2000, 2001, and 2008, the authors calculate the residuals from a regression model of the fundamental determinants of cross-sectional variation in E/P. These residuals are then ranked and used to divide the stock sample into deciles, with the first decile containing the stocks with the highest negative residuals (indicating overvaluation) and the tenth decile containing stocks with the highest positive residuals (indicating undervaluation). Total returns for subsequent one and two-year holding periods are then calculated for each decile portfolio. Findings - – The authors find that high positive residual stocks substantially outperform high negative residual stocks. This is true even after risk adjustments to the portfolio returns. The residual E/P appears to accurately predict relative stock performance with a relatively high degree of accuracy. Research limitations/implications - – The findings of this paper provide some important implications for practitioners and investors, particularly for the stock selection, fund allocations, and portfolio strategies. Practitioners can still rely on a valuation measure such as E/P as a useful tool for making successful investment decisions and enhance portfolio performance. Investors can earn abnormal returns by allocating more weights on stocks with high E/P multiples. Portfolios of high E/P multiples or undervalued stocks are found to enjoy higher risk-adjusted returns after controlling for the fundamental factors. The most beneficial performance holding period return will be for a relatively short period of time ranging from one to two years. Relying on the E/P valuation ratios for a long-term investment may add little value. Practical implications - – Practitioners and academics have long relied on the P/E ratio as an indicator of relative overvaluation. An increase in the absolute value of P/E, however, does not always indicate overvaluation. Instead, a high P/E ratio can simply reflect changes in the fundamental factors that affect P/E. The authors find that stocks with larger negative residuals are associated with lower subsequent returns and coefficients of variation, while stocks with larger positive residuals are associated with higher subsequent returns and coefficients of variation. This pattern persists for both one and two-year holding periods. Originality/value - – The P/E ratio is widely used, particularly by practitioners, as a measure of relative stock valuation. The ratio has been used in both cross-sectional and time series comparisons as a metric for determining whether stocks are under or overvalued. An increase in the absolute value of P/E, however, does not always indicate overvaluation. Instead, a high P/E ratio can simply reflect changes in the fundamental factors that affect P/E. If interest rates are relatively low, for example, the time series P/E should be correspondingly higher. Similarly, if the risk of a stock is low, that stock's P/E ratio should be higher than the P/E ratios of less risky stocks. The authors examine the cross-sectional behavior of the P/E (the authors actually use the E/P ratio for reasons explained below) after controlling for factors that are likely to fundamentally affect this ratio. These factors include the dividend payout ratio, risk measures, growth measures, and factors such as size and book to market that have been identified by Fama and French (1993) and others as important in explaining the cross-sectional variation in common stock returns. To control for changes in these primary determinants of E/P, the authors use a simple regression model. The residuals from this model represent the unexplained cross-sectional variation in E/P. The authors argue that this unexplained variation is a more reliable indicator than the raw E/P ratio of the relative under or overvaluation of stocks.


MetaPush is a novel server push framework aiming at reducing web page load time. The key idea is to strategically leverage Server Push, a built-in feature in HTTP/2, to preemptively push web pages' metadata, which can later be leveraged by the client to early-fetch critical resources. We demonstrate MetaPush is particularly suitable for cellular networks, providing negligible bandwidth overhead (around 0.4%), improved page load time (up to 45%), and reduced radio energy utilization (up to 37%) over HSPA+ networks.


Background: Mitral Valve Prolapse is a common, usually a benign disease. If recognized early, it has a good prognosis and saves the doctor and patients from embarrassing mismanagement.
Broad Objective: To determine the prevalence of Mitral Valve Prolapse among patients referred to our cardiac clinic with provisional diagnosis of Mitral Valve Prolapse.
Study Design: Descriptive and analytical hospital based study
Study Setting: Hindul Mandal Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Measures of Outcome: Identifying the clinical features and characterizing echocardiographic features specific for diagnosing Mitral Valve Prolapse. Subjects: Three hundred and forty patients with provisional diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse referred to a cardiac clinic at Hindu Mandal Hospital
Interventions: A detailed past and recent cardiac history, clinical examination as well as echocardiographic evaluation were performed.
Results: Among 340 patients with provisional diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse, 224 (65.9%) were confirmed to have mitral valve prolapse. The five common symptoms were chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue and dizziness. A subgroup of 25 patients with mitral valve prolapse who had mitral regurgitation had thicker and longer leaflets than those patients who had no mitral regurgitation (P Tanzania Medical Journal Vol. 22 (1) 2007: pp. 27-30


An algorithm of extracting control rules for homo-structural variable-parameter systems in complex industrial process is presented. In this algorithm, multi operators experience is learned in distributed control system by simulating the mechanism of immune network maintaining immune balance and existing control knowledge is optimized by immune evolution and learning in terms of control results. The algorithm is analyzed primarily and applied to fermentation process control. Experiments and simulations show that it has the ability of distributed learning, that its control results are superior to that of manual, and that it can solve the problem of intelligent control in complex industrial process.


The method involves operating an exhaust gas post-treatment system located in downstream of a turbine of turbo compressor of thermal engine e.g. diesel engine, according to direction of flow of exhaust gas in a degraded mode during an initialization phase (E1). Thermal losses of exhaust gas generated between the engine and the system are limited (E1-1) by modification of exhaust gas flow. A torque is input (E1-2) to an element of a traction chain formed by the engine and a torque input component e.g. electric motor, distinct from the turbo compressor. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a device for a car (2) a controller readable data recording medium for recording a computer program comprising computer program code unit to implement a method for reducing emission levels of pollutants of a car (3) a computer program comprising computer program code unit to realize steps of a method for reducing emission levels of pollutants of a car.


We have characterized the cell cycle deficit of a novel TrkA receptor mutant (TrkAS3) that fails to support nerve growth factor (NGF)‐dependent cell cycle arrest and neurite outgrowth. TrkAS3 receptors fail to support an NGF‐dependent increase in the expression of cyclin D1 and the cell cycle inhibitor, p21Waf1/Cip1, two important regulators of G1/S transition, and do not down‐regulate expression of the G2/M phase marker, cdc2/cdk1, or the S phase marker, proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Moreover, NGF‐activated TrkAS3 receptors do not down‐regulate cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein, essential for G1 arrest, in comparison to NGF‐activated wild‐type TrkA. Collectively these data indicate that TrkAS3 receptors fail to support NGF‐dependent G1 arrest. Interestingly, ectopic expression of regulators of G1/S arrest, such as cyclin D1 or inhibitors of cell cycle (p21Waf1/Cip1, p16INK4A), or the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor substrate‐2 (FRS2) in cells expressing TrkAS3 reconstitutes NGF‐dependent neurite outgrowth. Collectively, these data suggest a model in which NGF‐stimulated TrkA‐dependent activation of FRS2 supports neurite outgrowth through a mechanism that likely involves the induction of p21Waf1/Cip1 expression and the arrest of cells at G1/S.


The incidences of mammary tumors in female Sprague–Dawley rats injected with 7,12‐dimethylbenz‐(a)anthracene (DMBA) on day 50, ovariectomized 80 days later, and then maintained for 40 weeks on semipurified high‐fat (20%) and low‐fat (0.5%) high‐fat diets, were 57% and 25%, respectively. In addition, the group exhibited significantly higher tumor multiplicities than the low‐fat group (0.78 vs 0.25 tumors/total rats at risk). The weight gains of the HF and LF groups were similar, indicating that the differences in tumor yields were due to the fat content of the diet per se and not to caloric insufficiency or obesity.


A regional climate model (RCM) can be a powerful tool to enhance spatial resolution of climate and weather information (IPCC, 2001). In this study we conducted dynamical downscaling using Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) as a RCM in order to obtain high resolution regional agroclimate indices over the Korean Peninsula. For the purpose of obtaining detailed high resolution agroclimate indices, we first reproduced regional weather for the period of March to June, 2002-2008 with dynamic downscaling method under given lateral boundary conditions from NCEP/NCAR (National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) reanalysis data. Normally, numerical model results have shown biases against observational results due to the uncertainties in the modelis initial conditions, physical parameterizations and our physical understanding on nature. Hence in this study, by employing a statistical method, the systematic bias in the modelis results was estimated and corrected for better reproduction of climate on high resolution. As a result of the correction, the systematic bias of the model was properly corrected and the overall spatial patterns in the simulation were well reproduced, resulting in more fine-resolution climatic structures. Based on these results, the fine-resolution agro-climate indices were estimated and presented. Compared with the indices derived from observation, the simulated indices reproduced the major and detailed spatial distributions. Our research shows a possibility to simulate regional climate on high resolution and agro-climate indices by using a proper downscaling method with a dynamical weather forecast model and a statistical correction method to minimize the model bias.


Whilst much has been written about the pace and magnitude of social, economic and political changes in Western countries during the post-war era, there has been little empirically grounded discussion of the agenda-setting capabilities of specific governments nor of the criminological shock waves that resulted from the 'new right' policies adopted by some governments in the 1980s. In this paper, using Britain as our case study, we explore how agenda-setting, political competition over key issues and the emergence of trends in policy agendas have influenced both crime itself and crime policies. Throughout the 1980s, Margaret Thatcher made political capital by promoting concerns about crime and her own and her government's reputation for being the natural custodians of 'law and order'. Yet during that period, crime rose and became a policy issue in a way it never had been before. How can we understand these shifts in crime rates, their relationship to government policies and the rise of crime on the policy agenda? Using data from a range of sources dating back to 1961 and using time series modelling, we present a 'policy feedback' model of these processes.


Objective To investigate the differential expression profiles of microRNA induced by60Coγ radiation in mouse peripheral blood and to explore their main function and significances. Methods After SPF C57 BL / 6J mice being exposed to 10 Gy single whole body radiation,the changes of microRNA in peripheral blood were expressed by using Agilent microRNA microarrays. Results After 6 h with radiation,microRNA microarray revealed that 28 microRNA are differentially expressed,in which 12 microRNA are up-regulated,while 16 microRNA are down-regulated. After 24 h with radiation,26 microRNA are differentially expressed,in which 4 microRNA are up-regulated and 22 microRNA are down-regulated. compared with the group without radiation the expressed differences has significance in statistics. Conclusion The microRNA are invoved in the regulation of high dose radiation damage,and microRNA expression signatures derived from mouse blood,which maybe be used as new biomarkers for exposure to high dose radiation.


These notes consist of selected portions of a more comprehensive survey, and therefore deal with three isolated problems only, viz.: The wave form of an "oscillating" neon lamp. The maximum frequency of an "oscillating" neon lamp. The persistence of the ionisation in a neon lamp. By means of a special accurately timed switch, a neon lamp was thrown into the "oscillating" state, and its voltage measured after any predetermined interval (from 0.005 to 0.5 seconds). Thus the voltage-time curve of the "oscillating" lamp was plotted. Very close agreement with theory is found. A neon lamp was made to oscillate at its highest possible frequency, which was measured by a tuned circuit. Measured frequencies did not agree well in this case with theory, but a maximum frequency of about 95,000 is observed. A neon lamp was run at such a voltage that if the discharge were interrupted for any considerable time it would not restart, the voltage being below the minimum starting voltage for the lamp. The circuit was interrupted by a special high-speed interrupter for separate single intervals down to 5 × 10-5 seconds. In no case did the discharge restart, showing an ionisation persistence of less than this interval.


In this paper the authors want to show and discuss an explorative attempt to analyze design situations in practice. Within a project at the Center for Design Research (CDR) at Stanford University designers have been observed during a redesign task. The experiment was a good possibility to understand typical design situations and to find new indicators for tool and method development, teaching and learning.


Determining crop evapotranspiration (ET) is essential for managing water at various scales, from regional water accounting to farm irrigation. Quantification of ET may be carried out by several procedures, being eddy covariance and energy balance the most established methods among the research community. One major limitation is the high cost of the sensors included in the eddy covariance or energy balance systems. We report here the development of a simpler device (CORDOVA-ET: COnductance Recording Device for Observation and VAlidation of ET) to determine crop ET based on industrial-grade, commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) sensors costing far less than research-grade sensors. The CORDOVA-ET contains a sensor package that integrates the basic micrometeorological instrumentation and the infrared temperature sensors required for estimating ET over crops using the energy balance approach. One novel feature is the presence of four different nodes that allow the determination of ET in four different locations within a field or in four different fields of the same crop, thus allowing an assessment of ET spatial variability. The system was conceived as an open-source and hardware alternative to commercial devices, using a collaborative approach for the development of a regional ET network in countries of North Africa and the Near East. Comparisons of radiation, temperature, humidity, and wind against those of research-grade sensors yielded excellent results, with coefficients of correlation (R2) above 0.96. The estimated reference ET calculated from these measurements showed R2 = 0.99 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.22 mm/day. The infrared temperature measurements at the four different nodes showed an RMSE below 0.56°C. The energy balance components and estimates of ET from the CORDOVA-ET were validated against an eddy-covariance system over a wheat crop. The high (R2) for net radiation (0.98), sensible heat (0.88), and latent heat (0.86) showed good agreement between the modeled energy fluxes and the field measurements. The hardware components, acquisition, and data processing software are available as open-source repositories to facilitate adoption for different applications, from water use efficiency research to irrigation management.


[1] Nearshore circulation, observed for 4 months on a 200-m-long stretch of natural beach during the SandyDuck field experiment, is shown to be alongshore uniform. An alongshore momentum balance between (wind and wave) forcing and bottom stress, cross-shore integrated between the shoreline and approximately 4 m water depth, holds on each of five instrumented cross-shore transects (skill ≥ 0.87). The corresponding five best fit drag coefficients are similar, consistent with the assumption that terms in the momentum balance associated with alongshore nonuniformity are negligible. In addition, the alongshore nonuniformity of the circulation and bathymetry were examined at five cross-shore locations. Except near the shoreline, the circulation and bathymetry were rarely strongly alongshore nonuniform, and the circulation nonuniformities were usually no larger than expected from current-meter noise alone. Near the shoreline, the bathymetry was more irregular and the circulation was often detectably nonuniform, although no relationship between bathymetric and circulation nonuniformities was found. The closure of the alongshore momentum balances on cross-shore transects, and the observed alongshore uniformity of the circulation on four of five alongshore transects, demonstrates that the simplified dynamics of alongshore uniform circulation are valid during the experiment.


Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of ziprasidone in the treatment of first-episode schizophrenia.Methods:72 fitst-episode schizophrenis were randomly divided into reaearch group(n=36)took orally ziprasidone and contral group(n=36)doing chlorpromazine for 8 weeks.clinical efficacies were assessed with the positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) and adverse reactions with the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scal(TESS).before treatment and at the end of the 1st,2nd,4th and 8th week.Results: At the end of the 8th week,total effective rates were 88.9% in the research and 88.1% in the control group respectively(P0.05);the total and all factor scores of the PANSS of both groups lowered more significantly compared with pretreatment(P0.05or0.01);scores of negative symptoms lowere more significantly in the research than in the control group(P0.05);EPS rate of adverse reaction was significantly lower in the research than in the control group(P0.05).Conclusions: Ziprasidone has evident effect equivalent to chlorpromazine,improves the negative symptoms more significantly and has lower EPS rale of adverse reaction,take efects faster,and has highter safety and better compliance.


The aims of this study were to describe the techniques used in translating Nokia 1661 User Guide Book, and to find out the dominant techniques used in Nokia 1661 User Guide Book. The research was conducted by using qualitative descriptive design. The data of this study were clauses, phrases, words, and sentences in Nokia 1661 User Guide book as the source of data. The data were analyzed by using the translation techniques based on Molina and Albir (2002). The results of this study were there were 8 techniques used in translating Nokia 1661 User Guide Book and The dominant techniques used in Nokia 1661 User Guide Book in the translation was borrowing technique.


Background Few studies have documented whether the behavior changes produced by home garden projects have been maintained after completion of the projects. Objective To determine the benefits and challenges affecting production and consumption of β-carotene—rich vegetables and fruits in a rural South African village 10 years after completion of a home garden project. Methods This cross-sectional survey assessed gardening practices and household consumption of β-carotene—rich vegetables and fruits using a questionnaire (n = 186). Benefits and challenges affecting production and consumption of β-carotene—rich vegetables and fruits were assessed through focus group discussions. Results Thirty-nine percent of the households currently planted β-carotene—rich vegetables and fruits. Major challenges included lack of fencing, animals eating crops, and lack or shortage of water. Planting materials for β-carotene—rich vegetables were sourced from the community nursery, while papaya was grown from its own seed. Shops were the most likely alternative sources of β-carotene—rich vegetables. The frequency of consumption of orange-fleshed sweet potato, butternut, spinach, and papaya when in season differed significantly, with households planting β-carotene—rich vegetables and fruits having more frequent consumption than households not planting these vegetables and fruits. Households planting β-carotene—rich vegetables and fruits were perceived as "well-to-do" and "healthy" households and as "givers." Conclusions This study showed that 10 years after the endline evaluation of a home garden project, approximately one-third of the households in the village planted β-carotene—rich vegetables and fruits, which is very similar to the proportion at project completion and a postintervention study that was done 6 years later, despite various challenges, indicating that the practice of planting these vegetables and fruits was continued over the years.


We present the building and maintenance of a 3D map for on-line exploration of object attributes from range data captured in either static or dynamic environments. The presented hierarchical framework allows to couple the pure geometric 3D world representation to the abstract knowledge about the scene structure. This abstract knowledge in the higher layer represents a-priori known task-relevant information like mass, handling, properties or grasping points. The consistency in the map representation is achieved during the data association of dense 3D range points. We utilize a z-buffered re-projection method to filter out noisy sensory readings and to reinforce consistency of the mapped data by limiting possible corrections of the stored data in known scene parts (with high confidence value ). In contrast to common registration methods, our approach does not store data as one rigid model but as a set of independent point clusters (foreground) embedded in a supporting structure (background). This allows us to cope with dynamic changes in the world.


Gum arabic is a leguminous tree species that is well adapted to sudan and sahelian agro-ecology of Africa. In Africa, gum arabic plays a significant role both in the rural life and economic activities of the people. The tree is valued for its high quality gum which is a foreign exchange earner. Nigeria is a major producer in the world. Her production declined in recent times from second world producer to third due to some challenges that could be controlled. The reasons for the decline and possible remedies are herein suggested. (Report and Opinion 2010;2(4):7-13). (ISSN:1553-9873).


The method of measurement of nonlinear distortions in loudspeakers using digital filters
has been presented. Using MATLAB software packet developed by MathWorks it is possible
to design necessary filters. The Simulink packet has been used for simulation of the measuring
process. The level of the residual noise caused by finite slope of the filters has been determined.
The static polynomial function has been applied for both: simulation and the measured objects.


We shall consider a two-component reaction-diffusion system with spatial inhomogeneous media. In this paper, we shall explore the dynamics of interfaces in the problem with spatial inhomogeneous media in order to investigate the existence of time periodic solutions as a parameter vary and to examine the effect of a spatial inhomogeneity.


Allopurinol is the most commonly used drug in the prevention of gout owing to its efficacy and good tolerability. However, some patients still experience hyperuricaemia or gout, or both, despite allopurinol treatment. Fenofibrate is an established treatment for many common lipid disorders and is unique amongst the fibric acid derivatives because of its ability to lower serum urate by increasing renal uric acid clearance.1 This urate lowering property has been demonstrated in healthy volunteers1 and in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with hyperlipidaemia.2-4

To date, no studies have specifically evaluated the urate lowering effect of fenofibrate in patients with hyperuricaemia receiving established treatment with allopurinol. We report three cases in which micronised fenofibrate, a single dose formulation of the drug, was initiated in patients with established gout and hyperuricaemia, with and without coexisting hyperlipidaemia. Two of these patients were already receiving established allopurinol treatment.

### PATIENT 1

A 74 year old Chinese man had recurrent attacks of gout affecting the metatarsophalangeal joints every two to three months for the preceding three years. He had treated hypertension and polygenic hypercholesterolaemia and had been taking allopurinol 300 mg daily for three months, which produced a serum urate range between 0.40 and 0.44 mmol/l. The 24 hour renal uric acid clearance was 6.4 ml/min (reference range 6–11). Treatment was started with micronised fenofibrate 200 mg daily, and three weeks later his urate had fallen by 35% to 0.26 mmol/l, with the 24 hour uric acid clearance rising to 11.5 ml/min (table 1). Alkaline phosphatase …


Although there has been considerable work investigating the dy namics of management training, no attention has been paid to the learning that managers do as a day-to-day task. This article examines the learning of 43 managers and analyzes the effect of context, job, and person variables. Four key factors are identified as contributors to managerial learning: demands of managing staff, demands of change, influence, and personal style. Analysis of the dynamic of thesefactors leads to a model of the managerial learning process.


Abstract In order to improve the reliability of diagnosis of nasal breathing disorders, aerodynamic properties have to be analyzed through experiments based on 3D models. The surface properties of the prepared respective 3D models using fused deposition modeling (FDM) should match those of native nasal cavities, thus representing their normal state and typical pathologies. In this work, we validated the smoothing of dual extruded 3D printed samples of PLA (polylactide) and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) using the solvent TFE (trifluoroethanol). The smoothing was conducted in vapour and liquid phases of TFE. Before and after treatment of the samples in liquid and vapour phases of TFE, mass and surface roughness analysis were performed. The results of this work will help to produce and process a representative model of the human paranasal sinuses, which can be created using CT data from a patient.


Cognitive Radio has been widely regarded as an effective way to improve the spectrum utilization. In Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN), the heterogeneity of spectrum availability often leads to link interruptions among Secondary Users (SUs). By deploying relay nodes, the link interruption problem can be effectively mitigated since relay nodes bring more freedoms for the system optimization. By jointly exploiting the multi-dimensional optimization flexibilities, including transmission mode selection, relay selection, and channel allocation, we in this paper propose a framework towards minimizing the outage percentage of SUs in cognitive relay networks. In particular, we formulate a combinatorial optimization problem to achieve this goal, which is then transformed into a max-matching problem in the Graph Theory. Using the Hungary algorithm, the optimal solution to this problem is obtained with a polynomial computational complexity. Simulation results show that by combining advantages of multiple transmission modes, including direct transmission, amplify-and-forward, and decode-and-forward, our proposed joint transmission mode selection and resource allocation strategy can significantly reduce the occurrences of link interruptions in cognitive radio networks.