Apeteley, Aboagye and Benyebaar (2015) argue that, if grievances are left untreated or dealt with inappropriately, they have a deep impact on motivation, morals, interactions between management and labor and have a negative impact on the organization's efficiency. ACAS (2011) argues that by using the established method, executives attempt to decrease grievances and other difficulties that occur within the environment of an organization. Consequently, management and Abstract: This article theoretically examined the effect on organisational results of staff grievance leadership. The article observed that efficient worker grievance leadership is crucial for a harmonious workplace partnership, strengthening staff allegiance and engagement, and improving general organisational efficiency and efficiency. In contrast, absence of or bad leadership of staff grievances in organisations results in adverse organisational results such as decreased efficiency, issue of absenteeism, disobedience of instructions, indisciplinary conduct and decreased job performance. The target population of this study, which is finite (being defined), is the total number of Dangote Cement Plant in Ibese, Ogun State, Nigeria. The population comprises staff whose population is two hundred and sixty (260). The use of questionnaire was adopted to elicit information from the cross section of the selected population. The correlation coefficient value ranges from 0 – 1 and has an acceptable value of 0.88, which indicate a higher reliability of measurement instrument and a low error variance, implying that the instrument is reliable. While the analysis was done using regression analysis, the findings revealed that there is a significant influence of avoidance grievance, dominating grievance, compromise grievance, obliging grievance and integrating grievance management on organisational performance. Organizations should encourage mutual relationship among employees, as well as provide conducive working conditions/ environment for employees, like organizational learning, effective communication among employees, which will enhance their productivity and organizational performance. conducted a study on grievance management styles as a mechanism for an industrious performance in business companies, a review of Dangote Cement Plc, Gboko plant. The results discovered that grievance management has progressive effects in promoting productivity among workers of Dangote Cement Plc, Gboko plant. Approaches used for grievance management, considerably affects the performance of Dangote Cement Plc, Gboko plant. According to the study, the content of grievance should be examined, before determining to implement an appropriate strategy for the management of grievance. The study suggested that the organization should evaluate the reasons for grievance in the organization bearing in mind the organizations success.


Objective:To investigate whether mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)could inhibit lymphocyte cytotoxic activity against cardiac myocytes after myocardial infarction(MI).Method:SD rats were subjected to MI by left coronary artery occlusion.MSCs or PBS was injected into MI rats from epicardium instantly.In addition,normal and sham-AMI rats were made as control groups.Splenocytes were abstracted at 1,2 and 4 weeks after MI and were cultivated with cardiac myocytes of neonate rats.Lymphocyte cytotoxic activity against cardiac myocytes was detected by crystal-violet staining assay.Result:After MI,cytotoxic activity of PBS groups at 2 and 4 weeks[(32.31±7.23)%,(47.20±5.13)%] was higher than normal groups[(21.95±4.65)%,(22.13±5.08)%] and sham-AMI groups([22.21±5.43]%,[24.21±5.40]%)Compared with PBS groups,MSCs inhibited the cytotoxic activity in some extent([26.14±5.15]%,[34.28±6.13]%).Conclusion:MSCs transplantation can inhibit the cytotoxic activity of lymphocyte from splenocytes in rats with MI.


In conventional differential GPS (DGPS), a GPS receiver's navigation solution is improved by removing errors that are common with those of a reference receiver of known location. DGPS is useful in relative targeting, where the goal is to guide a vehicle accurately to a target. Two types of differential corrections are considered: one is implemented in the measurement domain and the other in the navigation solution domain. Analysis shows that if pseudorange measurement biases dominate the problem, it is better to send pseudorange corrections, whereas if reference receiver survey errors dominate the problem, it is better to send corrections to the navigation solution. In either case, the difference between the resulting corrections is shown to be relatively small.


The study presents a mathematical model to analyze the dynamic evolution of molar concentrations for toluene (C7H8), water vapor (H2O) carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in fixed bed catalytic reactor. The mathematical model was discretized using the method of lines (MDLs) to transform the system of partial differential equations (PDEs) in a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE). The system of ODEs has been solved by the implementation of the RungeKutta Gill to estimate the chemical species C7H8, H2, CO, H2, CH4 and CO2.The estimation allows the quantification of individual forecasts of the variables presented in this study. However, valuable information can be obtained from the estimated behaviors in fixed bed catalytic reactor. The model has allowed the validation of chemical species (H2, CO and CO2) by comparing the optimized values. Additionally, the concentrations for the chemical species C7H8, H2, CO, H2, CH4 and CO2 was studied.


A method for stabilizing a mazindol tablet is provided to stabilize an effective ingredient of mazindol and obtain the mazindol tablet with excellent non-hygroscopicity and improved formulation stability due to no lowering of dissolution rate. A method for stabilizing a mazindol tablet comprises the steps of: (a) adding 5-100 parts by weight of glyceryl fatty acid ester to 1 part by weight of mazindol to prepare a mixture; (b) mixing the mixture with maintaining the temperature at 2-5 deg.C lower than a melting point of the glyceryl fatty acid ester to prepare a dissolved material; and (c) cooling the dissolve material to prepare the tablet containing coated mazindol particles, wherein the glyceryl fatty acid ester is selected from the group consisting of glyceryl palmitostearate, glyceryl behenate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl oleate, and glyceryl myristate.


of different sectors of the population. The second chapter in this section develops the health theme in focusing on planning and older people. The author identifies that there is relatively little planning policy aimed at the needs of older people and the challenges of an ageing society, more prevalent in some parts of the UK than others. She categorises six periods of older age from 'pre-retirement' to 'cared for' and considers the need for policies for older people in work, housing/downsizing, caring, design, transport, tourism/leisure and dementia. There are international comparisons particularly in approaches to care. Relatively new demands have been placed on the planning system including a demand for specially designed care homes and supported living. The author highlights some good practice in local plans, from Supplementary Planning Documents (SPDs) and NPs. The final chapter is appropriately focused on the future and is speculative. In it the author explores the development of Smart Cities and fundamentally what kind of cities we want and planning's role will be in achieving these. What is the role of regulation in respect of innovations such as Airbnb and autonomous vehicles? Technology has had and will continue to have implications for the design and retrofitting of buildings, addressing climate change and flooding, the economy and employment. Smart Cities can also aid planning through the provision of big data, monitoring and contributing to achievement of sustainability goals. There will be impacts on consumption, service delivery and infrastructure delivery. Most significant in the context of planning these consequences will all impact on land use/space requirements and urban governance. Morphet is not averse to offering her own solutions, most particularly to the housing crisis. She speculates that the future for plan making may lie in establishing comprehensive coverage of strategic plans supported by neighbourhood plans set within a national spatial plan. The timing of the book's publication in the pre-Brexit era leads to some speculation as to the future but given that that political conundrum is unlikely to be fully resolved for some years, not even highly qualified spatial planners can be expected to identify its outcomes. This book is an essential read for students of the UK's spatial planning systems but would benefit reflective practitioners at all levels, especially in central government where the need for a coherent framework and joined-up thinking is paramount. The author has succeeded in knitting together the disparate strands of spatial planning in the UK into one coherent narrative.


We have used rapid e-beam heating and quenching to study metastable transitions between allotropic phases in Mn and to determine relative rates of transformation between the allotropes. The equilibrium α ⇉ β transition at 720 °C is bypassed and the metastable α ⇉ γ transition is observed to occur at a temperature (880 ± 30 °C) near that predicted thermodynamically (864 °C).


Determination of traveltime-related capture zones of wells in instances where there is a lack of adequate or reliable site-specific values of hydraulic parameters and/or the heterogeneous character of the geologic materials may lead to designation and management of wellhead-protection areas of dubious function. In these instances, Monte Carlo simulation can be used to determine traveltime-related capture zones that account for the uncertainty in values of hydraulic and geologic parameters that cannot be accounted for by deterministically based flow models.

Monte Carlo simulations using 100 randomly generated values of hydraulic conductivity and effective porosity were used to determine one-year capture zones based on determination of percentile confidence regions from reverse-tracked flowpaths emanating from a well completed in a leaky-confined aquifer. The mean of the lognormal distribution used to generate the hydraulic-conductivity values was taken to be 3.89 ft/d, the log of the average value from an aquifer test, and a standard deviation of 1.0 ft/d was used. The normal distribution used to generate the effective porosity values had a mean of 25 percent and a standard deviation of 3.5 percent. The values of hydraulic conductivity and effective porosity were ordered and then paired to induce correlation. Other relevant hydraulic and geologic parameters were fixed at average or observed values from the available data.

Simulations were made using an analytical flow model in conjunction with a particle-tracking program to obtain 100 sets of endpoint coordinates for 36 reverse-tracked, one-year flowpaths emanating from the well. Wellhead-protection areas based on the 90th- and 75th-percentile confidence regions of the distribution of 3,600 endpoints were determined by deleting the 10 and 25 most-extreme (distant) endpoints, respectively, from the 100 sets of flowpath endpoints of the 36 flowpaths. Delineation of the wellhead-protection areas was based on determination of the convex hull of the remaining endpoints. The distribution of remaining endpoints around the well also was used to determine optimum locations for construction of sentinel wells to detect contaminants moving toward the well along the most probable flowpaths.


We report the surface morphology dependent enhanced field electron emission properties of copper oxide thin films, which are sputter deposited at two different incidence angles. The turn-on field is as low as 1.3 V μm−1 for obliquely deposited thin film, with an enhancement factor of ∼5144. The emission current also shows good stability. With the help of finite element method analysis, we show that the enhanced field emission behaviour is due to the special surface topography of obliquely deposited film. While for the normally deposited film the screening effect plays an important role and thereby condemning the electron emission performance. We expect to have a general applicability of this study in the design of thin film based electron emitters.


This is a genetic defect of metabolism, inherited as an autosomal recessive. The enzyme propionyl co-enzyme A (CoA) carboxylase is deficient. Severe ketoacidosis is precipitated by ingestion of protein. A defect has been described at gene map locus 3q21-q22 but another variation with a defect on chromosome 13 has been described and there may be a few variations of the condition. [1, 2]Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) lists eight. [2] The problem lies in the metabolism of the amino acids isoleucine, valine, threonine and methionine. They are essential amino acids and so management is based on keeping their dietary content low rather than total exclusion. [3]


Photoacoustic tomography (PAT), a hybrid technology combining optical excitation and ultrasonic detection, senses functional or molecular optical absorption contrasts and enables highhresolution imaging as deep as the optical diffusive regime. PAT for labelhfree microvascular imaging is highly desirable because of the presence of hemoglobin as an endogenous chromophore. In this chapter, we first review two major embodiments of PAT (photoacoustic microscopy and photoacoustic computed tomography). Then, we introduce methods for in vivo quantification of total hemoglobin concentration, blood oxygenation, and blood flow. After that, we show a few recent biomedical applications, including angiogenesis monitoring, brain and ocular imaging, and in vivo detection of circulating tumor cells. We end by summarizing the current status of microvascular applications of PAT and proposing several future research directions.


Infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is characteristically associated with airway inflammation in early infancy. Elegant historical information is available to suggest that both full term and prematurely born neonates exhibit inflammatory responses with a conspicuous predominance of eosinophils. In addition, erythema toxicum, a common benign exanthem observed in normal neonates is characterized by self resolving cutaneous infiltrates of eosinophils. Recent studies in vitro have shown that RSV can modulate the biological function of basophils and eosinophils, by inducing release from infected respiratory epithelial cells of chemokines with discrete target-cell selectivity. Infection with RSV has been shown to induce the syntheses of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, GM-CSF, IL-1, MIP 1α, RANTES, IFN-β, TNF-α, TGF-β1 and β2 by the epithelial cells. Synthesis of IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-3, IL-2, IL-5, and IFN-α, appear to be conspicuously absent by epithelial cells after RSV infection. However, these cytokines are often detected in the respiratory secretions secondary to the activation of T cell subsets TH1 or TH2. Based on the available evidence it appears that mucosal infections initiate release of soluble mediator(s) in sequential patterns from cells in mucosal epithelium; cytokine and chemokine release results in recruitment of other cellular elements to mucosal epithelium which in turn, release other proinflammatory or immunoregulatory cytokines; regulation of immune response (development of IgE, IgA, or acquisition of oral tolerance), and expression of cell surface receptors such as MHC Class I or II, ICAM-1, E-Selection, VCAM-1, and other adhesion molecules may be determined by the nature of cytokine cascades generated. The clinical outcome and the magnitude or quality of immune response is influenced by the nature and the temporal sequence of mediators released secondary to epithelial cell-antigen interaction at the mucosal sites. Thus, the outcome of viral-mucosal tissue interaction may express as (1) mucosal and systemic immunity and protection against disease, (2) mucosal and/or systemic disease, or (3) oral tolerance. The soluble mediators released as the result of cell- virus interaction at the mucosal surface may be the most crucial factors in the subsequent outcome of infection and the development of immune response or immunopathology at the mucosal surfaces.


Topics covered include: the regional geology, geochemistry, and geophysics of Mare Crisium and the Luna 24 landing site; the petrology, mineral chemistry, and cooling histories of lithic fragments, the chemistry, isotopic studies, and geochronology of Luna 24 samples; and regolith studies of soil samples. Subject and topical indexes are provided.


A combinational circuit is derived with covering the proper Shared Free BDD by CLBs in the frame of FPGA technology. Single stuck-at faults at the CLBs poles and multiple faults constituted from such single stuck-at faults are considered. It is shown that the test patterns as for the certain single stuck-at faults so for multiple stuck-at faults there not always exist. The test pattern for a multiple stuck-at fault is the special test pattern for the special single stuck-at fault forming the multiple one. Test for all multiple stuck-at faults is derived from any test for all single stuck-at faults. Multiple fault test is a test of high quality. It can be used for the combinational part of a sequential circuit in BIST techniques.


Problems involving optimal decentralization of decision-making in the presence of nonconvexities have a long, frustrating history. Solutions generally involve evaluation of a surplus term and economists have been unable to discover ways of revealing that term without the collection of hypothetical information. However, certain non-convex problems have additional structure which can be exploited in order partially to circumvent this difficulty. We will focus here on such a problem involving capacity construction. Suppose that we restrict attention to problems involving a single type of capacity (for example, electric power, telephone channels, highway through-put, bridges or dams), and for which the non-convexities are involved in the construction of capacity but not in the production of services from capacity. This class of problems seems fairly broad in scope and has a long history generally associated with the French economists (see Nelson (1964) for a survey). We begin by summarizing the French approach as discussed by Boiteux (Chapter 3 in Nelson, op. cit.). Boiteux discusses the non-convex replacement problem, using railway cars as the paradigm. First, he attempts to apply marginal analysis to the problem of pricing capacity in this situation. Under the usual rules of marginal cost pricing, the price of a ticket should be zero as long as the last car is not full, but should jump up to the marginal cost per person handled of adding an additional car as soon as it is full. Now, if at the zero price demand exceeds the capacity of this car, while at the second it falls short, there is clearly no equilibrium outcome; marginal analysis fails to tell us what to do. Considered in isolation, we are left with the classical non-convexity dilemma: to decide whether or not the extra car is justified, we must compare the cost against the full consumer surplus generated. However, Boiteux notices that the problem should not be considered in isolation.


Gob represents poor engineering geology for expressway construction in mine areas, especially that small coal mines and old mines are mostly mined earlier privately or collectively without complete geological or mining data, therefore, seeking highly accurate, economical and practical gob detection technology to identify in detail the actual situation of gobs under expressways and provide high-quality exploration results will be directly related to the quality and economic efficiency of expressway construction. Upon the analysis on current exploration and research of gobs under expressways, the author introduces an effective way to detect small coal mine gobs under expressways — detection technology of high resolution earth resistivity. And the technology has been applied for exploring gobs under an expressway. Drilling verification shows that the exploration results are reliable, accurate, and had played an important role in guiding gob control, design and construction.


Azimuth target resolution is of crucial importance in many applications of radar. The primary radar parameter affecting the azimuth resolution is the antenna beamwidth. However, in practice, standard signal processing techniques require the distance between targets to be more than one resolution cell. This can prove inadequate for several relevant applications. This paper describes the results obtained from experiments aimed at testing the capabilities of angular resolution between targets separated by less than the beamwidth in azimuth by means of linear minimum mean square error, LMMSE, -based processing. Results show the capabilities of this technique of separating targets in such a scenario. The processing scheme shows a strong improvement in the resolution capability with respect to standard techniques.


English: In this Masther Thesis, a design of a biofeedback device is proposed. This device should help patients who suffer urinary incontinence to make properly the treatment proposed by the doctor. With this technique, patients are able to see in real time if they are making well pelvic floor exercises, and the doctors can review the exercises. Hence, a small and portable touch screen with a microprocessor has been programmed, and a graphical interface has been developed in order to help patients to use the biofeedback. This device shows continuously the activity of pelvic floor and abdominal muscles.


Large blocks of DNA repeats are commonly assembled into heterochromatin. Heterochromatic regions impose a transcriptionally repressive environment that can propagate over long distances stochastically silencing native genes as well as reporter genes inserted at these regions independently of DNA sequence. Heterochromatin, associated with repressive histone marks, not only down-regulates transcription but also inhibits recombination at repetitive elements. This epigenetic regulation could be a key regulatory step in organisms, such as microbial pathogens, that have to adapt rapidly to different environments. Here for the first time, we analysed the chromatin state of C. albicans repetitive elements and addressed whether and how this epigenetic state controls C. albicans genome stability. The results show that classic SIR2-dependent heterochromatin is assembled at the rDNA and telomeres. Interestingly, heterochromatin at telomeres is plastic and remodelled upon environmental changes. Pericentromeric regions and MRS (Mayor Repeated Sequences) are assembled into permissive chromatin bearing features of both heterochromatin and euchromatin. Surprisingly, SIR2-dependent heterochromatin does not control recombination at the rDNA. However, it inhibits recombination at the TRE (TLO Recombination Element) sequence associated with some TLO genes at subtelomeric regions. These results show that epigenetic factors promote differential genome stabitlity at different loci.


Seamless interconnection with WLAN 802.11 and 3/4G technology is essential for the future wireless environment. Supporting quality of service is one of the most important issues in 3/4G. In this paper the WLAN QoS standard IEEE 802.11e draft is studied at the point access network for 3G traffic classes. 802.11e is compatible with the layer 2 802.11p standard and resembles DiffServ QoS functionality that is proposed to be one of the applied QoS standards in 3/4G networks. We analyze how well 802.11e's QoS properties perform under the different kind of simulation scenarios when packet sizes and channel error rates are varied.


A method of manufacturing a bisphosphonic acid, a manufacturing method of the synthesis reaction, characterized in that it is carried out in a reaction unit consisting of bisphosphonic acids.


. Present paper studies double barrier resonant tunnelling diodes (DB-RTD) based on GaN/AlGaN heterostructures, grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). Tunnel (current-voltage, I (cid:150) V ) and capacitance (capacitance-voltage, C(cid:150)V ) spectroscopy meas- urements were performed at the temperature range from 4.2 to 300 K. It has been found that measured characteristics of DB-RTD have complex nonlinear behavior and reveal the current discontinuities of I (cid:150) V curves. The features can be explained by the existence of polarization fields and interface defects. These effects strongly influence on the potential profile of the DB- RTD heterostructures. To understand physics of the processes, numerical simulations of the given structures, using a model based on real-time Green(cid:146)s functions, have been performed. Comparative analysis of experimental and numerical data showed that the current instability and nonlinearity of characteristics of the nitride based DB-RTD can be connected with trap- ping the electrons onto interfacial and dislocation states in these heterostructures.


Depression is associated with abnormal neuronal plasticity. AMPA receptors mediate transmission and plasticity at excitatory synapses in a manner which is positively regulated by phosphorylation at Ser831‐GluR1, a CaMKII/PKC site, and Ser845‐GluR1, a PKA site. Treatment with the selective serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine; 5‐HT) reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine increases P‐Ser845‐GluR1 but not P‐Ser831‐GluR1. Here, it was found that treatment with another antidepressant, tianeptine, increased P‐Ser831‐GluR1 in the frontal cortex and the CA3 region of hippocampus and P‐Ser845‐GluR1 in the CA3 region of hippocampus. A receptorome profile detected no affinity for tianeptine at any monaminergic receptors or transporters, confirming an atypical profile for this compound. Behavioural analyses showed that mice bearing point mutations at both Ser831‐ and Ser845‐GluR1, treated with saline, exhibited increased latency to enter the centre of an open field and increased immobility in the tail‐suspension test compared to their wild‐type counterparts. Chronic tianeptine treatment increased open‐field locomotion and reduced immobility in wild‐type mice but not in phosphomutant GluR1 mice. P‐Ser133‐CREB was reduced in the CA3 region of hippocampus in phosphomutant mice, and tianeptine decreased P‐Ser133‐CREB in this region in wild‐type, but not in phosphomutant, mice. Tianeptine increased P‐Ser133‐CREB in the CA1 region in wild‐type mice but not in phosphomutant GluR1 mice. There were higher basal P‐Ser133‐CREB and c‐fos levels in frontal and cingulate cortex in phosphomutant GluR1 mice; these changes in level were counteracted by tianeptine in a GluR1‐independent manner. Using phosphorylation assays and phosphomutant GluR1 mice, this study provides evidence that AMPA receptor phosphorylation mediates certain explorative and antidepressant‐like actions under basal conditions and following tianeptine treatment.


Richard B. Allen Professor, Department of History, Framingham State University Merchant Capital and Slave Trading in the Western Indian Ocean, 1770–1830 Recent scholarship demonstrates that European slave trading in the Indian Ocean was more extensive and historically significant than hitherto believed, and that this commerce was an integral component of a global European trade in chattel labor. British, Dutch, French, Portuguese, and other Europeans shipped a minimum of 567,900–733,200 African, Indian, Southeast Asian, and other chattel laborers within the Indian Ocean basin between 1500 and 1850, a substantial proportion of whom were traded during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Southeastern Africa and Madagascar also exported 386,000–542,700 slaves into the Atlantic during the same period. While the outlines of the European trades that transported a minimum of 953,900– 1,275,900 slaves within and beyond the Indian Ocean world between 1500 and 1850 are now discernible, much less is known about how this transoceanic traffic was financed. Recent archival research and published scholarship on the slave trade to the Mascarene Islands of Mauritius and Réunion and the activities of Gujarati merchants in Portuguese Mozambique provide new insights into the economics of European slave trading in the western Indian Ocean between c. 1770 and c. 1830, insights that invite comparison with the economics of slave trading in the Atlantic world. The information now at our disposal underscores that the economics of European slave trading must be viewed from a pan-regional perspective that includes a careful consideration of the ways in which metropolitan merchant capital interacted with colonial merchant capital; the important but hitherto ignored role of Gujarati merchants in financing the transoceanic traffic in chattel labor in the western Indian Ocean; and the need to examine the ways in which various European slave trading networks in the Indian Ocean world were interconnected with one another. Pepijn Brandon Senior Researcher, International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam Capitalism and Slavery in the Very Long Run: The Changing Functions of Slavery in the Dutch Empire (Sixteenth–Nineteenth Centuries) The old debate instigated by Eric Williams whether slavery laid the basis for industrial capitalism has often been declared irrelevant for studying the Dutch case, since despite the


The research for the energy stability of columnar graphene was carried out. It has been established that pillared graphene with zigzag carbon nanotubes and mixed chirality of carbon nanotubes (zigzag and armchair) are energy-stable. An obligatory criterion of sorbent is energy stability. Therefore, pillared graphene with chirality of zigzag carbon nanotubes and mixed chirality of carbon nanotubes (zigzag and armchair) can be used as an element base of nanofilters for water desalination.


Dear Sir This interesting report (1) does not contain data on the age distribution of the women in each of the 3 groups studied_ Since nickel sensitivity is predominantly seen in women in their teens and early adulthood, it is clearly important to compare like with like in a prospective study_ The phenomenon of a positive past history of nickel sensitivity in women with psoriasis, unconfirmed by patch tests, has been described (2)_ The authors do not indicate if such patients had received phototherapy prior to patch testing_ Perhaps they could be requested to analyse their data and assess the incidence of nickel sensitivity in young women with either atopic dermatitis or psoriasis, using ageand sex-matched control subjects free from skin disease_ I also noticed a number of errors in the data, which I have listed separately for the authors' consideration.


Abstract : Surface modification to control corrosion and/or hydrogen embrittlement is approached in two ways: 1) treatment of the surface by chemicals, and 2) alteration of the electroplating process. This report describes the chemical modification of surfaces. Both a ferrocene derivative and a silane are used to prepare covalently bonded thin films on steels and aluminum alloys. The ferrocene should act as an electron reservoir whereas the silane should act as a barrier. Electrochemical properties were measured using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. It was shown that the steels and an aluminum alloy which have good oxide coatings were covered more completely with the ferrocene than were carbon steels. Changes in potentiodynamic polarization scans indicated corrosion protection by the ferrocene coating on 4340 steel but not on 1018 steel. Electrochemical impedance measurements showed corrosion protection by the ferrocene coating on 7075-T6 aluminum. The electrochemical tests indicated that the silane gave corrosion protection to both 4130 and 1018 steel as well as to 7075-T6 aluminum. (sdw)


The permutation method was first applied to NF by Scott; other workers have published results ([2], [3]; or see [4] for a survey). Some of the results proved here have a more metalogical character than most previously yielded by this method. Hinnion and Petry (unpublished, but see [4]) proved that the existence of objects x such that x = {y: x∈y} is consistent with NF. (The significance of this is that the operation that sends x to {y: x∈y} respects ∈ and is thus an embedding.) It is demonstrated below that the existence of such objects is independent of the axioms of NF. The existence of nontrivial automorphisms of the universe is not an interesting possibility in ZF, since it contradicts wellfoundedness. Similar auguments are not available in NF, however, and it is shown below that if NF + AC for pairs is consistent, then we can consistently add an axiom stating that there is a ∈-automorphism of the universe that is a set of the model. (In the proof given below, the automorphism is in fact of order 2, but natural enrichments of the construction enable one to find automorphisms of other orders with suitable versions of choice as additional hypotheses.)


African padauk is a tree whose wood is an excellent material for producing decorative items. The wood is susceptible to sunlight exposure and degrades severely, even after short exposures, which leads to discoloration. Ultraviolet irradiation is the main factor that produces discoloration. In this study, chemical changes occurring on the wood surfaces were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The discoloration of the African padauk was mainly because of the photodegradation of lignin and extractives by ultraviolet radiation. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of red iron oxide coating was investigated. The results revealed that the chromatismΔE⁎was considerably reduced with the protection of iron oxide. However, the inhibition of the discoloration rate of the specimens covered with a film of red iron oxide increased with values reaching approximately 80%. The red iron oxide coating had a strong inhibitory effect on the discoloration of the African padauk.


A detailed analysis of the type material of Vernonia oxyodonta clearly indicates that it is morphologically identical to Lessingianthus glabratus because it has glabrous leaves, pedunculate heads at the end of the inflorescence, outer phyllaries with acute apex and inner phyllaries with obtuse and mucronulate apex, and 30–40 florets per head. Consequently, all the specimens identified as V. oxyodonta are placed to a new species, L. pubescens . Also, V. pseudoincana is transferred to the genus Lessingianthus . This species belongs to the L. rubricaulis complex but can be distinguished from the remaining taxa of the group by its lanceolate leaves, grayish phyllaries, and habitat.


The mechanism of Vaccaria segetalis (VS) seeds and Gleditsia sinensis Lam (GS)
thorns in the treatment of prostate cancer (PC) was analyzed via network pharmacological analysis
methods and molecular docking.

The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database Platform (TCMSP) was
used to screen the PC's effective components and targets; GeneCards and OMIM databases to search for
targets related to PC. The intersection target was uploaded to the STRING database to obtain a proteinprotein
interaction (PPI) network; and the key targets were screened from the PPI network via R language,
CytoNCA, and CytoHubba tools. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome
(KEGG) pathway enrichment tools were used to analyze biological processes and molecular docking
of key targets via AutoDock Vina software.

A total of 13 compounds, 229 nodes, 879 edges, and 20 key targets were obtained through the
PPI network. Go and KEGG analysis showed that the intersection targets of VS and GS with PC were
mainly involved in regulating cell promotion, cell apoptosis, cell cycle, and reversing epithelialmesenchymal
transition (EMT) processing. Molecular docking revealed that the relevant targets of potential
PC were characterized with stabilized affinity. Specifically, the targets with better affinity included
estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) with kaempferol, transcription factor p65 (RELA) with fisetin, kaempferol,
quercetin, and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) with fisetin, and G1/S-specific cyclin-D1
(CCND1) with fisetin, kaempferol, and quercetin.

In summary, this study reveals potential molecular therapeutic mechanisms of VS and GS in
PC and provides a reference for the wide application of VS and GS in the clinical management of PC.


A single-particle laminar-flow technique was used to study oxidation reactions of a synthetic nickel matte. The matte was granulated, ground and screened into small size fractions three of which were used namely < 37 micrometers, 62--88 micrometers and 125--177 micrometers. The gas preheating temperatures ranged from 500 to 1100 C and the reaction gas compositions varied between N{sub 2} + 21 and 75 vol% O{sub 2}. Chemical analysis of the particles was used to determine the oxidation behavior of the material, and optical and scanning electron microscopy were used to detect particle morphology, internal composition and structure. The best sulfur removal from the synthetic nickel matte was achieved with the finest size fraction. Also, the ignition temperature was strongly dependent on the particle size: particles of the fine size fraction ignited at the least oxidizing conditions. The particle disintegration took place when using reaction gas with higher oxygen content than 21 vol% and the phenomenon increased with increasing oxygen content of the reaction gas.


The deformation density Δρ in lanthanum oxychloride, LaOCl, has been determined for a small, naturally faced single-crystal using 0.7 A synchrotron X-radiation. Accumulation of electron density in the interlayer region stabilizes the structure that contains layers of positively charged Cl atoms. Space group P4/nmm, tetragonal, Mr = 190.36, a = 4.1198 (7), c = 6.883 (2) A, V = 116.8 (5) A3, Z = 2, Dx = 5.411 Mg m−3, μ0.7 = 17.28 mm−1, F(000) = 164, T = 293 K, R = 0.011, wR = 0.011, S = 1.98 (7) for 416 unique reflections.


The laws that protect children apply to everyone, religious and nonreligious. Too often, however, parents claim exemptions from child-protecting laws in the name of religious freedom beyond that which is required by the First Amendment. They refuse to vaccinate or to secure medical care for injury or illness, or they harm, abuse, or even kill their children, claiming they are doing so for protected religious reasons. This chapter argues that all children need full protection of the laws prohibiting abuse and neglect, and all parents must obey them. Children are no longer property; they are persons, and the laws that affect them should prevent harm, not cause it. Children's health, safety, and well-being are rights that should be protected even against parents who harm them.


We examine whether requiring (IFRS) versus allowing (UK GAAP) conditional capitalisation of development expenditure affects the extent to which capitalisation conveys more information about future earnings, relative to expensing. We show that capitalisation results in current returns incorporating more future earnings information than expensing under UK GAAP but not under IFRS. i.e., the amount of information incorporated into market prices of capitalisers is the same as that from firms expensing R&D under IFRS. This result holds irrespective of a firm's earnings management incentives or strength of corporate governance for the period under IFRS. We argue that this is because investors experience greater uncertainty regarding the realisation of future economic benefits associated with the development costs capitalised in the post-IFRS period. Consistent with this, we do find a positive association between capitalised R&D and future earnings variability in the post-IFRS period only, as well as short-term positive abnormal returns for capitalisers relative to expensers in the pre-IFRS period only. Overall, these findings suggest that when moving from a standard that offers an overt option to capitalise or expense, capitalisation comes with greater uncertainty, which is resolved only in the long term.


Given the continuing requirements of the EU in terms of reducing the emissions of gases and improving energy efficiency, the refurbishment of existing buildings is of particular importance, considering that 40% of the energy is consumed in building sector. With respect to partially-open industrial buildings, air conditioning while refitting leads to increase of productivity, for it maximizes the working hours. Nevertheless, due to the resulting energy consumption increase, it seems necessary to clarify what would be the most efficient way of air conditioning this type of buildings, considering at the same time its economic viability. Therefore, the study presents an integrated approach to HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) systems to identify the most adequate of them in the case of an existing workshop. An application to a workshop in Carmona (Seville, Spain) shows that a highly efficient HVAC system, along with a climate separation by means air curtains, makes possible to keep the indoor thermal conditions of the premises between the mandatory ranges prescribed by the work legislation during much longer periods of time (reducing the hours out of compliance from 56% to 2%), with a reasonable energy consumption level (79.63% lower than a conventional system).

Keywords: wide-open industrial buildings; air curtain; climate separation; HVAC systems; energy efficiency


The focus of this paper is the representation of women on Banjarmasin Post's humour column, "Si Palui," whose stories are either about daily lives or domestic issues. On the latter topic, the theme which regularly appears is marital problems such as poligamy, divorce, and sexuality. On this column, women characters are merely supporting casts and, hence, are subordinated. This research applies the critical language element of the micro level of Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis in order to understand the representation issues through language: semantics, syntax, and lexycon. Th result shows that the representation of women on Si Palui is categorized into three: as widows, wives, and other kinds of women. The widows are illustrated as having plumpy body and always expecting to get married, though the representation emphasizes on the kind of flirtious widows adored by men. The wives are represented as the sexual objects of their husband. Meanwhile other kinds of women, such as mother-in-laws, are fussy, and single women are agressive.


The present study investigated the effects of chromium ion on cell viability, interleukin(IL)―1 α and IL― 8p roduction by an oral epithelial cell line, Ca 9―22. The cells were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and antibiotics. The cultures having 100% coufluent cells were serum starved for 24 h, and then 1 mM of CrCl3 were added for the 10 min ,3 0 min, 1 h, 3h or 6 h, respectively. After the incubation for 24 h, the cell viability was assessed by colorimetric assay using aL DH Cytotoxic Test. And also IL―1 α and IL― 8p roduction by these cells were examined using specific ELISA kits for IL―1 α and IL―8. By the addition of 1 mM chromium ion did not alter cell viability within 1 h. However, 1 mM chromium ion induced cell death more than 6 h. Little effect was observed by the addition of chromium ion o nI L―1 α and IL― 8p roduction of these cells. These results indicate that additions of 1 mM chromium ion induce epithelial cell death rather than cytokine production.


The invention provides a mould, a method for evaluating a product and a method for determining the forming condition. The mould can determine the variation of a shrinkage and the like of a resin product in the mould, the method for evaluating product and method for determining forming condition adopt the mould. The mould, which comprises a shrinkage determining portion for determining the variation of the shrinkage of the resin product in the mould with the time and/or a contraction force determining portion for determining the variation of the contraction force of the resin product in the mould with the time, is used. In the mould, preferably, the contraction force determining portion has a transmission part for transmitting the contraction force, by which the contraction force is determined, the shrinkage determining portion has a movable part moved by the contraction of the resin, and the displacement of the movable part is determined as the shrinkage.


For many of Wilde's works there are numerous manuscript and typescript texts and drafts; many works, too, exist in more than one published version. This fortunate circumstance allows us to study his methods as a writer, and it affords modern scholars a degree of intimacy with him not available to earlier critics. The constant revision of his work exhibited in the manuscripts and typescripts will be documented in the forthcoming Oxford English Texts edition of Wilde's works. But does this material have implications beyond textual scholarship? Does acknowledge of Wilde's writing practices bear in any way on his biography?


Public signs are special texts that are common in public places. And functions of them are to provide information or to remind readers of some requirements. As China strengthens exchanges with other countries in economy and culture, the translation of public signs was born at the right moment. The public sign translation is an important link in building a harmonious society, establishing an international metropolis and promoting economic development. Nowadays, the translation of English signs in China tends to be mature, but there are still many mistranslation and misinterpretation of Japanese signs. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the research progress and contrast of Chinese and Japanese public signs.


in longitudinal data analysis and interpretations. The for longitudinal data collection, longitudinal examples in HIV, hormone, teratology, schizophrenia, labour pain, and water quality studies, distributional theory, likelihood theory, marginal functions, parameter estimations, corre-lation estimates, model selection, robust approaches, quantile regression, clustered data analysis, missing data mechanisms versus methodologies, zero inflated count data, transitional modelling, and high-dimensional data among others. The are short and brief. Simple definition of exchangeability is good. of the exchangeability needed.


L. Ruby Leung has been selected as the 2019 Bert Bolin awardee and lecturer of the AGU Global Environmental Change section. She received the award and presented this lecture at AGU's Fall Meeting 2019, held 9–13 December in San Francisco, Calif. The award recognizes an Earth scientist for "groundbreaking research and/or leadership in global environmental change through cross-disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary research in the past 10 years."


A variable topology wireless power supply system suitable for distributed load and a control method are provided and belong to wireless electric energy transmission power supply systems and methods. The wireless power supply system comprises an input AC (alternating current) power supply, a rectification filtering unit, a variable topology high-frequency inversion unit, a primary magnetic energy transmitting coil unit and a resonance compensation unit thereof, a secondary magnetic energy pick-up coil unit and a resonance compensation unit thereof, a secondary rectification filtering and voltage regulation unit, loads, a load information detection unit and an intelligent control unit. Take, for instance, wireless power supply to at most three loads. The system adopts an intelligent control scheme. According to the number of distributed loads at any moment, the topological structure of the high-frequency inversion unit is changed, automatic switching of the wireless power supply system among work modes of a single load, two loads and three loads becomes convenient, and parallel efficient power supply to distributed loads in different numbers is realized. More distributed load wireless power supply can be realized by increasing bridge arms of the high-frequency inversion system and the quantity of the primary magnetic energy transmitting coil units.


An SVM (Support Machine Vector) algorithm has been implemented to sense traffic anomalies through a largescale IP Network. We have applied this algorithm on data provided by the well-known large-scale American IP Network (Abilene Network). The developed SVM algorithm can classify the Network traffic into two cat egories of classes namely: normal; and abnormal. The implementation of this algorithm has been performed on real collected data thanks to Netflow protocol and has yielded satisfactory results with a classification rate going over 96% and a false alarms rate lower than 10%.


This guide serves as an orientation to online iConnect classes How to find books and ebooks, when to use books, how to use books


Objective To investigate regulative action of electroacupuncture(EA) combined with small doses of Zinc on anti-oxidant enzyme system in the mesencephalic substantia nigra(MSN) of rats with Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods 100 SD rats were selected,a model of PD with one side MSN damaged was induced in rats by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA) into the MSN of right side rats.The model rat will be randomly divided into a model group which received no EA,the electroacupuncture group,0 Hz group with only insertingtheneedle and not energization,and 120 Hz group treated by the electroacupuncture,120 Hz+Zinc group and Zinc group,with a Sham-operation group set up.A total of 6 groups were treated or observed for 6 weeks.During the treatment,the changes of behavior were investigated.After 6 weeks,malondialdehyde(MDA) and nitric oxide(NO) contents and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in the MSN were detected.Results In 120 Hz+Zinc group,NO contents and SOD activity in the MSN were significantly higher,and MDA contents were significantly decreased(P 0.01),and in aspect of behavior the balance ability of movement in rats significantly enhanced(especially the first 4 weeks,P 0.01),and the form of MSN cell had significant improvement compared with MFB group.Conclusion Electroacupuncture(EA) combined with small doses of Zinc may have regulative action synergistically on anti-oxidant enzyme system in the Parkinson's disease rats,which make behavior and the form of MSN cell have significant improvement.


Objective: To observe whether Shen-Fu(SF) injection exerts any protective effect on gastrointestinal and systemic inflammatory response(SIR) in patients undergoing heart surgery during cardio-pulmonary bypass and study its mechanism. Methods: 30 patients with e-lective heart surgery were divided into a control group and a SF group randomly. At the beginning of surgery, the SF group was treated with SF 0.5 ml·kg-1 by intravenous injection, then continued with SF 1.0 ml·kg-1 injected from Grasby pump. The control group was injected with normal saline in same volume. Gastric intramucosal pH value (pHi),blood diamine oxidase(DAO), blood lipopoly-saccharide (LPS) and blood IL-6 were measured before Cardio pulmonary bypass (CPB) (S0), 1 h after artery was opened (R1),2 h after artery was opened(R2). Results: At S0 .there were no significant differences in Gastric pHi,DAO,LPS and IL-6 between the two groups(P0.05). At R1 and R2,the pHi in control group was lower than that at So significantly (P0. 01). Blood DAO,LPS and IL-6 were higher than those at S0 significantlu(P0.01). In SF group, pHi at R1, R2 was higer than that in control group significantly(P0.01), blood DAO, blood LPS and IL-6 were lower than those in control group significantly(P0.01). The increase in blood DAO, LPS and IL-6 was highly negative correlated with the decrease of pHi (P0.01). The increase in blood LPS was highly positive correlated with the increase in blood IL-6(P0.01). Conclusion:SF can protect gastrointestinal and inhibit SIR in patients with heart surgery during cardio-pulmonary bypass, its mechanism may be that SF can improve gastrointestinal mucosal perfusion and oxygenization, protect structure of mucosal cell and its barrier function, inhibit inflammatory mediators release.


There are many factors affecting the survival of people in developing countries, such as the tremendous number of population, nonuniform medical resources, and the threatening of malignant diseases. The improvements in medical information system in developing countries may lead to a bright future. By using effect medical resources and utilizing the information coming from the medical system, the doctors could come to a diagnosis with analysis. The probability of getting sick is very useful information which assists doctors to improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis, shortening treatment time, and reducing the incidence of misdiagnosis. This paper aims to build a model, considering not only probability analysis but also decision making, which can play a crucial role to figure out the probability of non-small lung cancer transitions in four different stages. In each process of the model, selecting effective parameters with big data are adopted for finding maximum effect with the top three high relevancy diagnose and decision data. With effective treatment methods that improve the relevancy diagnose data, the probability of malignant disease development will decrease. It is proved by the statistical analysis of clinical data that the model provides clinical data fast with enough accuracy.


The thesis of this paper is that there is a marked difference between doing good and doing evil—in particular, doing good and doing evil to others—as we conceive of these actions in everyday life. Doing good to others often means doing them good robustly—controlling for good effects—whereas doing evil rarely has such a robust or modal character. This asymmetry thesis has a number of implications and I will concentrate in particular on one. This is that it enables us to make sense of the Knobe effect, so-called: the effect, as it appears, whereby we are generally more willing to ascribe intentionality in cases where people do evil than in otherwise similar cases where they do good. The paper is in five sections. In the first I look at some important issues in the ontology of behavior, distinguishing between the acts or deeds whereby we produce effects and the actions or doings whereby we control for effects. In the second I show how we expect those who do good to others to control robustly for beneficial effects, being prepared at the limit to pay a cost in self-interest for securing that result. In the third I argue that we do not have the same expectation with those who do evil to others; they may aim at bringing about bad effects but not generally at any cost in selfinterest. In the fourth I offer an explanation of this asymmetry. And then in the fifth section I show that the asymmetry between doing good and doing evil helps to explain the Knobe effect in a particularly satisfying way.


A study was carried out to identify the major causes of sediments pollution in the Paldang Lake in the vicinity of Gyeongan river. Samples from 40 sites were collected and analyzed to characterize the regional distributions of grain size, organic matter contents, and concentrations of T-N, T-P and heavy metals. contaminations. The mean grain size(Mz) ranged from sand type(Mz, ) where Bukhan River and Namhan River converges at a high flow rate to silt type(Mz, ) at the downstream of Gyeongancheon and Paldang lake, reflecting the water circulation in the area. Except sampling point St. 36 near the wetland, the determination coefficient() of Mz and organic matter(LOI) was 0.88, showing that more organic matters are concentrated inside finer sediments. The concentrations of T-N and T-P in sediments were higher in the area at which Mz and organic matters are also higher. High concentrations of T-P analyzed in the sediments, ranging from (Avg. ) could be considered as a critical level. Adsorbed-P and NAI-P, which are easily released to the surrounding environments when physico-chemical characteristics of sediments are changed, was found to be around 20%, which was showed by the result of fractionated-P. Moreover, Principle Component Analysis(PCA), showed that high concentrations of T-N, T-P, organophilic metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) are distributed in the areas where high organic matter contents and fine grain-sized sediments are found. However, results of (Geoaccumulation Index) that considers the grain size of sediments showed that heavy metal concentrations in the lake was low enough to be considered as Class 1 indicating the relative degree of pollution was less than zero.


The Lower Kihansi Hydropower Project in Tanzania involves the first use of an unlined pressure tunnel to adopt a water head as high as 850 meters. A thorough series of rock stress measurements was needed to located the powerhouse complex and align the tunnel through formations that could sustain the pressure with the least leakage. Cement grouting was used to reduce leakage where formations were detected to be too unstable. The deeper tunnel suited ground conditions, according to a 1992 feasibility review. Construction started in 1994. The project exploits the steep Udzungwa escarpment which has a drop of some 100 meters to the Kilombero flats. That permits formation of the high water head needed despite relatively low stream flow. A concrete gravity dam impounds the water in a reservoir that is connected to the headrace tunnel by a vertical shaft. When completed the head race tunnel was filled over the course of a month to minimize shocks to the surrounding formations. Water inflows were monitored closely, with the result that additional grouting was implemented in some sections. Unanswered questions about the hydrology of the formation and the tunnel remain, and much useful information about such tunnels has been learned.


In the November 2008 issue of Clinical Nursing Research, the sentence in the final paragraph on page 249 read: If the forearm is used as an alternate site for BPM, the technique recommended by the American Heart Association to place the forearm at heart level and auscultate at the brachial artery should be followed. The correct statement should be to auscultate at the radial artery (the wrist), not the brachial artery.


Surviving Diversity is a serious book. It is also an ambitious book. In it, author Jeff Spinner-Halev, Schlesinger Associate Professor of Social Justice at the University of Nebraska, endeavors to construct a comprehensive theory regarding how to square the existence of, and to provide a place for, conservative religious people within a liberal democracy. Too, he is trying to persuade an audience that he admits, by and large, does not have much regard for conservative religious people. Like most efforts to provide a sweeping theory, ultimately Spinner-Halev is not successful. I suspect, however, that the effort to do so, in many respects, is its own reward. In the introductory chapter of the book, Spinner-Halev discusses what he calls encompassing or "insular" groups. Who are these groups? They are populated by conservative religious people (often Christians but certainly not exclusively so). They have very little interaction with those outside the group and they are exclusive in the sense that those who belong cannot be a part of another group of the same type. In other words, a fundamentalist Christian cannot simultaneously be an Orthodox Jew. Furthermore, members of different insular groups cannot marry one another; they restrict the lives of their members (e.g., what they wear, what they might eat or drink, how they may raise and educate their children, and the like). They often believe that theirs is the only way to attain earthly and eternal favor with God and, as a result, they welcome outsiders only on their terms. One either conforms to the wishes of the group or one is unwelcome (pp. 2-3). Too, an additional characteristic is that such groups generally have a Hotel California policy— members can check out any time they like but they can never (or can hardly ever) leave. It is clear as one progresses through the book that Spinner-Halev has respect for some of these groups (p. 5) although he often does not agree with them and, perhaps, might not particularly like them. Nonetheless, they exist broadly throughout the United States and warrant our attention.


Abstract Seventy years after his death, Reginald Innes Pocock's prominence in mammalogy is demonstrated by the continuing amount of citations in recent works and the final acceptance of some of his systematic proposals at generic and suprageneric levels. Pocock's ability to synthesize and integrate classical taxonomy with the then dominant polytypic species concept, utilizing both skull and external characters, of zoo and museum animals as unique opportunities for the advancement of mammal comparative biology – including the study of several extinct taxa – are an enduring legacy for mammalogy that deserves to be better appreciated especially among European zoologists.


Traditionally, NFV platforms were limited to using standard
virtualization technologies (e.g., Xen, KVM, VMWare, Hyper-V, etc.)
running guests based on general-purpose operating systems such as
Windows, Linux or FreeBSD. More recently, a number of light-weight
virtualization technologies including containers, unikernels
(specialized VMs) and minimalistic distributions of general-purpose
OSes have widened the spectrum of possibilities when constructing an
NFV platform. This draft describes the challenges in building such a
platform and discusses to what extent these technologies, as well as
traditional VMs, are able to address them.


– This work aimed to evaluate the consequences of the monthly extraction of immature leaves in survival, leaf production and reproductive performance of Copernicia prunifera H. E. Moore palm, popularly known as carnaúba. One hundred sixty reproductive adult palms were monitored for 17 months in four extractive communities located at the coast of the state of Piauí. As a result, it was observed that leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds production were reduced in the palm submitted to 50% or 75% monthly extraction. Higher levels of extraction were followed by smaller levels in seed germination. No deaths were observed even in the group subjected to 75% monthly leaves exploration. In order not to produce damage to palm trees development it is suggested that leaf extraction rate should not exceed 25% monthly as well as pausing of extractive activity preferentially during fruit maturation


The nano powders of Eu-doped ZnO were prepared by homogeneous coprecipitation.The crystal structure,composition,particle size distribution and luminescent properties of samples were investigated by means of XRD,particle size analyzer,FL、IR.The results show that,finely dispersed nanocrystalline ZnO∶Eu3+ with a small size about 20nm has narrow-sized;Eu3+ all enters into the ZnO crvstal lattices,the samples are still hexagonal crystalline wurtzite structure;and the luminous effect is better when the Eu3+ doping amount of 5%.


The authors present the design and evaluation of an architecture for a monolithic, programmable, floating-point digital signal processor (DSP) for instrumentation applications. An investigation of the most commonly used algorithms in instrumentation led to a design that satisfies the requirements for high computational and I/O (input/output) throughput. In the arithmetic unit, a 16*16-bit multiplier and a 32-bit accumulator provide the capability for single-cycle multiply/accumulate operations, and three format adjusters automatically adjust the data format for increased accuracy and dynamic range. An on-chip I/O unit is capable of handling data block transfers through a direct memory access port and real-time data streams through a pair of parallel I/O ports. I/O operations and program execution are performed in parallel. In addition, the processor includes two data memories with independent addressing units, a microsequencer with instruction RAM, and multiplexers for internal data redirection. The authors also present the structure and implementation of a design environment suitable for the algorithmic, behavioral, and timing simulation of a complete DSP system. Various benchmarking results are reported. >


The problems of this research included: first, how is the legal relationship between parties on the implementation of Branchless Banking in Indonesia? Second, how is the legal responsibility of an agent on the implementation of Branchless Banking in Indonesia? This research is conducted using normative legal method supported by empirical data. The findings show that the legal relationship between agent and bank on the Branchless Banking mechanism different from the legal relationship between an agent and its principal based on the agency agreement. The legal responsibility of an agent on the implementation of Branchless Banking also has the different concept from the legal responsibility of an agent based on the agency agreement.


Accessing useable freshwater appears to be the main worry of urban citizens in Ethiopia today. The possible reasons for the problem are not yet duly addressed in scientific literatures. In this paper we analyzed the determinants of household water supply and sustainability in a rural town named Agew-Gimjabeht, Ethiopia. We captured data through questionnaires, interviews, discussions and observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the binary logistic regression model. We found that many households (≥68%) lack adequate water supply to satisfy their family needs. The daily household per capita water was 42.13 liters. The per capita water (9.93 liter per person per day/ l p -1 d -1 ) found less than the universally recommended 20 l p -1 d -1 threshold. Age, house type, micro-relief, rate of urbanization and management capacity significantly influenced households' freshwater sustainability in the town. It is recommended that urban governments design better urban management schemes and capacities to minimize water shortages.


When monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) in eastern North America undertake their annual fall migration to wintering sites in central Mexico, they face numerous obstacles, and many do not survive the journey. Large water crossings in particular have long been known to be a source of mortality during migration; before the winter destination of eastern monarchs was known, Beal (1946) reported that he often found monarchs and other insects 'cast up' on the shore of Lake Erie. On one afternoon in September 1943, he collected 57 monarchs ' just above the water line' over 1.5 miles (2.41km) of beach (Beall, 1946). Other evidence that water crossings are risky comes from the monarch's reluctance to cross water during unfavorable winds (Schmidt-Koenig, 1985) and the fact that monarchs tagged along the Atlantic coastline have an extremely low recovery rate at the Mexican overwintering site (Garland & Davis, 2002; Brindza et al., 2008; McCord & Davis, 2010). Large water bodies therefore appear to lead to substantial mortality of migrating monarchs. What is missing, however, from the collective evidence for the effect of water barriers, is first-hand accounts of mortality at such barriers. In this report, we summarize a series of observations submitted to the citizen-science program, Journey North (http://www.learner.org/ jnorth/), regarding a mass mortality of migrating monarch butterflies at a location on the shore of Lake Michigan (Fig. 1) following an intense wind storm. The storm in question was actually three backto-back low-pressure systems that swept through the Midwest region of the US beginning on October 14, 2011. The national weather service for the Grand Rapids (MI) area described the systems as follows: The first low produced rain and cloud cover resulting in temperatures around normal from the 14th through the 17th. The rain was light with multi-day totals mostly under an inch. Strong winds of 25 to 35mph (blowing westerly) were also felt across the area with winds gusting between 40 and 50 mph from late on the 14th into the 15th. The second low pressure system, which was more intense than the first, came a day later. Temperatures fell to below normal through the 22nd as heavy rain and strong (westerly) winds again lashed the area. Rainfall totals for the storm, mostly on the 19th and 20th, ranged from over an inch to nearly 3 inches across southwest lower Michigan. Winds gusted to between 40 and 50 mph with isolated sites experiencing gusts to near 60 mph. A third system came a day later; thunder and hail were reported at times from the 23rd through the 29th. This was accompanied by light to moderate rainfall. Temperatures were around or below normal through the end of October 2011 (National Climatic Data Center, 2012). The magnitude and duration of these storms can also be seen in a chart of the daily average and maximum wind speeds from the


Education has an important role in equipping various abilities of students. One of the goals of education which basically leads students to change. This change allows students to live independently, have hope of ability, and strive for the nation and state. All that can be achieved when handled by professional teachers or teachers who have special expertise, according to their profession.This research was qualitative approach with the field research. Research informants are principals for curriculum and teachers. The results of this study are the regulations of scholl principals such as the Theacher Working Group (KKG), holding recitations every Friday, reciting the yellow book specifically for teachers, reciting 1 juice a week, Friday daily evaluation, fingerprinting, making implementation plans. Learning (RPP), motivational Apel, reciting KIBAR, memorizing and murojaah, reciting women's fiqh. The implementation of the principal's regulation greatly influences the professional development of teachers.


The Bologna Declaration (1999) and the implementation of the European Higher Education Area (2010) in the Spanish University system have entailed a series of significant changes that those devoted to Higher Education need to analyse and assess to commit to improving. In this context, the introduction of the Final Projects in all the degrees of the Spanish University system has been one of the most remarkable novelties in this new educational framework. Most Spanish Higher Education centres had to make a major effort to design, adapt and give meaning to this new subject, unavoidable in the university landscape. The Final Project arises in an ideal space and time so that students, at the end of their academic process, are able to demonstrate their skills as professionals. Based on previous experiences, the design and development of the Final Project is a task that requires strong coordination among the teaching teams. In this light, we have decided to face this issue by developing a teaching innovation activity in the Faculty of Education Sciences at the University of Cordoba. This innovation activity is focused on the fact that students work in group to improve the design of their Final Projects, including the pyramid tutorial in the monitoring process. This innovation proposal, based on collaborative work, has entailed the planning, design and revision of over 30 Final Projects that in their final stage of assessment have obtained excellent results in the calls of July and September of the aforementioned Faculty.


Based on FFT technique,two algorithms for the frequency estimation of dual tones are presented.The principles are analyzed,and then the FPGA implement flowcharts of two algorithms are given also.Finally,the timing simulation, the frequency center of gravity implemented by FPGA is given.


We describe the development of teleoperated robotic cleaning systems for use in a highly radioactive zone of a hot-cell. As the hot-cell is active, direct access to the in-cell by human workers is not possible because of the nature of the high radioactivity of spent nuclear fuel. The teleoperated robotic cleaning systems were designed and developed to clean up or decontaminate a contaminated floor of the in-cell in a remote manner, thereby completely eliminating human interaction with hazardous radioactive contaminants. These robotic cleaning systems are classified into two systems depending on the task environment they are applied to - ROCCS (RObotic Contamination Collection System)-I and-II. We present the environmental, functional, mechanical design considerations, controls and capabilities of the developed teleoperated robotic cleaning systems.


In repeated games, strategies are often evaluated by their ability to guarantee the performance of the single best action that is selected in hindsight, a property referred to as \emph{Hannan consistency}, or \emph{no-regret}. However, the effectiveness of the single best action as a yardstick to evaluate strategies is limited, as any static action may perform poorly in common dynamic settings. Our work therefore turns to a more ambitious notion of \emph{dynamic benchmark consistency}, which guarantees the performance of the best \emph{dynamic} sequence of actions, selected in hindsight subject to a constraint on the allowable number of action changes. Our main result establishes that for any joint empirical distribution of play that may arise when all players deploy no-regret strategies, there exist dynamic benchmark consistent strategies such that if all players deploy these strategies the same empirical distribution emerges when the horizon is large enough. This result demonstrates that although dynamic benchmark consistent strategies have a different algorithmic structure and provide significantly enhanced individual assurances, they lead to the same equilibrium set as no-regret strategies. Moreover, the proof of our main result uncovers the capacity of independent algorithms with strong individual guarantees to foster a strong form of coordination.


In an era of mobile communication, the demand for indoor-localization is increasing. For instance, users could benefit from indoor-localization systems in complex indoor environments such as large shopping malls, museums, and location-based services (e.g. warn travelers to hurry to their gate). It is commonly known that GPS is unsuitable and inaccurate for these kinds of applications. Therefore, in this thesis the feasibility of indoor localization based on mobile phone motion and WiFi sensors is researched. Methods such as circular lateration, K-nearest neighbours, and extended Kalman filter simultaneous localization and mapping are assessed on their accuracy and applicability. The effects of building characteristics and mobile-phone features on the performance of these methods are discussed. Furthermore, it is shown that model-based methods such as K-nearest neighbours outperform memory-less methods like fingerprinting.


We study the existence of global weak solutions for Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for evolutional p-Laplacian systems. The initial data is belonging to the Sobolev space W1,p(Ω, ℝn). We use a varitional (like) method to treat the existence of a weak solution, this method seems somehow simply than the Galerkin method.


Humans make appropriate responses not only based on previous dialogue utterances but also on implicit background knowledge such as common sense. Although neural response generation models seem to produce human-like responses, they are mostly end-to-end and not generating intermediate grounds between a dialogue history and responses. This work aims to study if and how we can train an RG model that talks with itself to generate implicit knowledge before making responses. We further investigate can such models identify when to generate implicit background knowledge and when it is not necessary. Experimental results show that compared with models that directly generate responses given a dialogue history, self-talk models produce better-quality responses according to human evaluation on grammaticality, coherence, and engagingness. And models that are trained to identify when to self-talk further improves the response quality. Analysis on generated implicit knowledge shows that models mostly use the knowledge appropriately in the responses.


Nova Scotia is marketed as a region of Canada that cherishes its Scottish heritage. Settled in the seventeenth century by the Scots, French and later British, the province subsequently became a favoured destination for Scottish migrants in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. At the turn of the twentieth century large parts of Nova Scotia remained 'Scottish' in terms of population ethnicity and spoken language (Gaelic), and even recent census data indicates this trend continues, though somewhat diminished. 'Scottishness' is both a commodity and a past–time in Nova Scotia, attracting tourists and providing a point of reference for those that remain in the community year-round. This paper will consider the translation of architectural expressions of 'Scottishness' from Scotland to Nova Scotia. In particular this paper will describe two key processes that have been undertaken in order to locate 'Scottishness' in the province's built environment: the redefinition and identification of 'Scottish' architectural elements in otherwise non-Scottish historic buildings, and the appropriation of 'Scottish' architectural traditions with no historical precedent in Nova Scotia for modern constructions. This approach will demonstrate that Nova Scotia's architectural 'Scottishness' is a translation of cultural tropes and isolated architectural elements that have been redefined in the twentieth century in order to more closely align the built identity of the province with the performed identity. In addressing this phenomenon this paper will consider whether Scottishness can be translated and understood through architecture in the diaspora, or whether attempting to do so will only achieve new and divergent meanings.; ;


The invention relates to an ENZ (epsilon-near-zero) metamaterial-based concentrated space solar power station, comprising a spherical concentrator, wherein a non-contact conductive rotary joint comprises a fixed disk, a conductive stator and a conductive rotor, and one end of the conductive stator is welded with one side of the fixed disk; a circular through hole is formed in the middle of the conductive rotor, and the conductive rotor is connected with the conductive stator in a sleeving manner; the top side and the bottom side of a hemispherical photovoltaic cell array are respectively provided with a non-contact conductive rotary joint, and the top side and the bottom side of the hemispherical photovoltaic cell array are respectively and fixedly connected with the conductive rotor; two ends of a microwave transmitting antenna system are respectively welded with the other end of the conductive stator, and the other side face of the fixed disk is respectively and fixedly connected with one end of each of three traction cables at equal intervals; the top side and the bottom side of the spherical condenser are provided with fixed rings, and the other ends of three traction ropes are respectively and fixedly connected with the fixed rings at equal intervals; a control computer is connected with the non-contact conductive rotary joint to control the non-contact conductive rotary joint to realize the sun pointing of the hemispherical photovoltaic cell array.


The formation of dietary behavior in infants and toddlers depends on healthy foods and the society-dietary behavior factors during the feeding process.Among them, one important society-dietary behavior factor is " reciprocity between child and caregiver(mainly, the parents)" , which is the responsive feeding principle.In recent years, the research has found that in the early life, responsive feeding has positive effects on children′s nutrition, growth, cognition, and social development.Responsive feeding should be accepted by more families, child care experts and nutrition experts.Now, the strategy that how to promote and practice responsive feeding in preterm infants and toddlers is reviewed.

Key words:
Preterm infant; Infant; Responsive feeding; Parents; Nutrition


Air-lift reactors offer an interesting option as a microalgae cultivation system, especially for biorefineries. To optimize this application, a precise description of the moving interfaces formed by the liquid and gas phase is critical. In this paper, a coupled Level Set Method (LSM) and finite difference method is used to simulate gas bubbles dynamics in a pilot-scale external loop air-lift photobioreactor in which microalgae are used to capture CO2 from flue gas and to treat wastewater. Numerical simulations are carried out on a rectangular domain representing the section on the vertical axis of the riser. The data employed were either acquired from previous experimental campaigns carried out in the ALR or found in the literature. The rise, shape dynamics and coalescence process of the bubbles of flue gas are studied. The issue of volume loss characteristic of standard LSM is dealt with the conservative level set method. Computation results show good correspondence with the experimental ones.


Based on utility theory and the characteristics of different transportation modes in corridor, rules are given for choosing explanation variables when mode share in corridor is forecast using MNL model. It is analyzed in this paper the relationship of factors affecting travelers' choice, such as travel time, safety, comfort, convenience and cost, as well as the adaptability of these factors used as explanation variables, then travel time and relative cost (the ratio of fare to income) are chosen to forecast mode share. According to traveler survey, MNL model is used to predict the influence of the Xi'an-Lanzhou Dedicated Passenger Line (DPL) on corridor's mode share. By analyzing the change of mode share under different velocities and fares, results show that MNL model has a guiding function in DPL operating strategy.


The invention discloses a single-phase static watt-hour meter with a wireless meter reading module to solve the problem that the conventional watt-hour meter cannot meet multi-level using requirements of users due to incomplete functions, and cannot be read remotely. The watt-hour meter comprises an electric energy signal acquisition module, a metering module and a microcontroller which are connected in turn, and also comprises a power supply, a meter calibration pulse output module, a data storage module, a display module, a clock and battery module, a time sharing module and a wireless communication module which are respectively connected with the microcontroller, wherein the wireless communication module is linked with a remote meter reading device through a wireless communication channel to remotely read the meter. The watt-hour meter has the following functions: the automatically networked wireless communication can realize remote meter reading; and the watt-hour meter has the functions of calculating time sharing multiple rates, metering demanded quantity, recording events and load curve, measuring load data such as voltage, current, active power, apparent power, frequency and the like, detecting undervoltage, overvoltage, loss of current and overcurrent, and the like, has complete functions and can meet the multi-level using requirements of users.


We have imaged the halo populations of a sample of nearby spiral galaxies using the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 on board the Hubble Space Telescope with the aim of studying the stellar population properties and relating them to those of the host galaxies. In four galaxies, the red giant branch is sufficiently well populated to measure the magnitude of the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB), a well-known distance indicator. Using both the Sobel edge-detection technique and maximum likelihood analysis to measure the I-band magnitude of the TRGB, we determine distances to four nearby galaxies: NGC 253, NGC 4244, NGC 4945, and NGC 4258. For the first three galaxies, the TRGB distance is here determined more directly, and is likely to be more accurate, than previous distance estimates. In the case of NGC 4258, our TRGB distance is in good agreement with the geometrical maser distance, supporting the Large Magellanic Cloud distance modulus (m - M)0 = 18.50 that is generally adopted in recent estimates of the Hubble constant.


Objective:Observe the effects of the mRNA level of the hematopoietic growth factors SCF and GM-CSF and the bone marrow CD+34on aplastic anemia(AA)mice by using kidney-invigorating,sputum-eliminating and blood-activating drugs.Methods:Aplastic anemia mice model was established.Each mouse was gastrogavaged with the normal NaCl,kidney-invigorating,sputum-eliminating,blood-activating drugs,the stanozol and the Aplastic Blood-Forming Tablet.The bone marrow mononuclear cells were collected on Day 14,and the mRNA level of the SCF and GM-CSF was determined with RT-PCR.The expression level of the bone marrow CD+34 was detected by flow cytometry.Results:①The expression level of the bone marrow CD+34 was lower in AA group than the normal control;And the level of each treated group was significantly higher than those in aplastic anemia groups.All had significant difference.②The expression level of the bone marrow hemopoietic growth factors(SCF mRNA、GM-CSF mRNA)was lower in AA group than the normal control;And the level of each treated group was significantly higher than those in aplastic anemia groups.All had significant difference.Conclusion:The results suggested that the kidney-invigorating,sputum-eliminating and blood-activating prescription can stimulate the differentiation and maturity of hematopoietic cell to achieve the purpose of controlling bone marrow haematogenesis in AA mice by increasing the expression level of hemopoietic growth factors.


Investigation of the water diuresis of left atrial distension in 16 dogs on the basis of clearance studies employing hydration, chronic and acute salt loading, deoxycorticosterone (DOCA) in excess, and distal tubular nephron blockade with diuretics. The diuresis was found in hydrated and salt-loaded dogs and was independent of DOCA and presumed renin depletion. It was not found in five dogs after distal tubular blockade. No significant reproducible saluresis was ever documented. The water diuresis was always stopped by exogenous vasopressin (seven dogs). Antidiuretic hormone inhibition with distal tubular nephron water permeability changes appears to be the sole mechanism of the diuresis of left atrial distension in the dog.


A stepper motor control system has been designed in the paper,which is based on ARM9 chip and CAN bus.It uses AT91SAM9263 ARM9 family chip to get data from CAN bus and drives meter motor.Thus it indicates the driving and operating parameters of an automobile.In the paper I also give a method of changing the revolution speed of the electric motor dynamicly according to the required revolution step number and implementation for a hardware and software.


In the informational age,the digital technology has already profoundly affected the architectural profession.Architectural teaching in the university should make adjustment so as to adapt to the needs of the times.At present,we have already done some work,but it is still far away from truly applying the digital technology to the architectural education.In the digitized architectural education,after establishing the correct digitized architectural concept,we should positively utilize the digital technology in every teaching stage,so that the digital technology can integrate the whole designing process and fully elaborate its functions in architectural design.


This paper gives an overview of the measurements of total ozone and ozone profiles by the SBUV/2 instrument on the NOAA-9 spacecraft relative to similar measurements from the SBUV and TOMS instruments on Nimbus-7. It is shown that during the three year period from March 14, 1985, to February 28, 1988, when these data sets overlap, there have been significant changes in the calibrations of the three instruments that may be attributed to diffuser plate degradation (for SBUV/TOMS) and to the drift of the NOAA-9 orbit to later equator crossing times (for SBUV/2). These changes in instrument characteristics have affected the absolute values of the trends derived from the three instruments, but their geophysical characteristics and response to short term variations are accurate and correlate well among the three instruments. For example, the total column ozone measured by the three instruments shows excellent agreement with respect to its day to day, seasonal, and latitudinal variabilities. At high latitudes, the day to day fluctuations in total ozone show a strong positive correlation with temperature in the lower stratosphere, as one might expect from the dynamical coupling of the two parameters at these latitudes.


Atmospheric transport of smoke from equatorial Southeast Asian Maritime Continent (Indonesia, Singapore, and Malaysia) to the Philippines was recently verified by the first‐ever measurement of aerosol composition in the region of the Sulu Sea from a research vessel named Vasco. However, numerical modeling of such transport can have large uncertainties due to the lack of observations for parameterization schemes and for describing fire emission and meteorology in this region. These uncertainties are analyzed here, for the first time, with an ensemble of 24 Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF‐Chem) simulations. The ensemble reproduces the time series of observed surface nonsea‐salt PM2.5 concentrations observed from the Vasco vessel during 17–30 September 2011 and overall agrees with satellite (Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)) and Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) data. The difference of meteorology between National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP's) Final (FNL) and European Center for Medium range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF's) ERA renders the biggest spread in the ensemble (up to 20 μg m−3 or 200% in surface PM2.5), with FNL showing systematically superior results. The second biggest uncertainty is from fire emissions; the 2 day maximum Fire Locating and Modelling of Burning Emissions (FLAMBE) emission is superior than the instantaneous one. While Grell‐Devenyi (G3) and Betts‐Miller‐Janjić cumulus schemes only produce a difference of 3 μg m−3 of surface PM2.5 over the Sulu Sea, the ensemble mean agrees best with Climate Prediction Center (CPC) MORPHing (CMORPH)'s spatial distribution of precipitation. Simulation with FNL‐G3, 2 day maximum FLAMBE, and 800 m injection height outperforms other ensemble members. Finally, the global transport model (Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS)) outperforms all WRF‐Chem simulations in describing smoke transport on 20 September 2011, suggesting the challenges to model tropical meteorology at mesoscale and finer scale.


Mobile crowdsourcing is an emerging crowdsourcing paradigm, which generates large-scale sensing tasks and sensing data. One of the major issues in mobile crowdsourcing is how to maximize social welfare through selecting appropriate sensing tasks for crowd workers and selecting appropriate workers for sensing tasks such that it can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of mobile crowdsourcing. This paper proposes an incentive mechanism to maximize social welfare for mobile crowdsourcing and, respectively, investigates worker-centric task selection and platform-centric worker selection. This paper applies an optimization algorithm in task selection for mobile crowdsourcing systems. A discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) algorithm for worker-centric task selection is designed to maximize the utilities of workers. In addition, a platform-centric worker selection method, which integrates multiattribute auction and two-stage auction, is proposed to maximize the utility of the platform. The performance of the proposed incentive mechanism is evaluated through experiments. The experimental results show that the proposed incentive mechanism can improve the efficiency and truthfulness of mobile crowdsourcing effectively.


brevipes Peck, but the illustration of Craterellus clavatus by Fries1 suggested that Peck's species is the same as Craterellus or better Cantharellus clavatus of Europe, and further study of other illustrations and descriptions of that species appears to prove the identity beyond doubt. Cantharellus clavatus has been figured many times in European works on mycology. One of the latest illustrations is that in Rolland's Atlas Champignons (pl. 52). The plant is really a Cantharellus and has been so called by Corda, Bresadola and others. The description in Saccardo's2 Sylloge fits our plant except that the hymenium becomes pale ochraceous pruinate rather than "whitish pruinate from the spores," which is necessarily the case since the spores are ochraceous. In dried specimens the spore pruina appears whitish over the dark background of the hymenium unless special attention is paid to the color. The pruinate surface is very noticeable. The spore measurements, 4-5 X IO-12 L, agree with those of our plants exactly and also with those of Cantharellus brevipes. Cantharellzs clavatus has been reported from Maine by Sprague, according to Saccardo (1. c.) and Lloyd3 has recognized it among plants sent to him from Montana, but he thought the spores of the Montana plant appeared hyaline under the microscope. The spores in our plants are pale-ochraceous.


Classification on the noisy data stream with concept drifts has recently become one of the most popular topics in streaming data mining.Classification algorithm for mining Data Streams based on Mixture Models of C4.5 and NB was proposed,called CDSMM,in which decision trees based on C4.5 are selected as the basic classifiers and the classifier of Nave Bayes is adopted to filter noise data.Meanwhile,it introduces the μ-hypothesis testing method to detect concept drifts.Extensive studies demonstrate that CDSMM is superior to several existing algorithms in the predictive accuracy when handling noisy data streams with concept drifts.


Study of dielectrophoretic (DEP) separation method has extensive applications in MEMS and biology area. A theoretical analysis of micro flow of cell particle in an aqueous electrolyte solution was presented in this paper. The DEP force and viscous force on the cell particle in the separation flow direction was analyzed. For a given AC field frequency of 1000 kHz, three dimensional electric field and DEP force vs. time in micro channel were simulated.


An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of two lighting programs on performance, carcass yield and parts yield of broiler chickens. Nine-hundred-sixty Cobb male and female broiler chicks were used and distributed in a completely randomized design with 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (two sexes and two lighting programs: - increasing light: 1 to 14 days, 24L:0D; 15 to 21 days, 16L:8D; 22 to 29 days, 18L:6D; 30 to 40 days, 20L:4D and 41 to 49 days, 23L:1D; - continuous light: 23L:1D to 1 to 49 days of age) with four treatments and six replicates of 40 birds. In the starter phase, birds raised on increasing light program showed lower body weight gain and feed intake as compared to those submitted to continuous light program. However, in the total period of rearing no significant differences between treatments were observed. Carcass yield and parts yield showed no standard profile. In conclusion, a compensatory gain in the broiler chickens reared on increasing light program was observed. KEY-WORDS: B roiler chickens. Lighting programs. Performance. Sex. Yield.


9561 Background: At ASCO 2001, we introduced the Cervical Acid Phosphatase - Papanicolaou (CAP-PAP) test as a new, biomarker-driven technology for detection of abnormal cervical cells on Pap smears. Since this report, we conducted two clinical trials to assess the value of this test for cervical cancer screening in general (N=1,500) and a high-risk population (N=500). This technology is commercially available as the MarkPap™ Research Kit (BioSciCon, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA).

METHODS
Multicenter, random assignment, assessors blinded, split sample, concurrent control 3-group (test and two controls [Pap smears and ThinPrep thin layers] clinical trial was conducted on 1,500 specimens obtained from eligible subjects coming for regular Pap test. Specimens collected in PreservCyt and transferred onto microscopic slides using the ThinPrep Processor 2000 were split in two samples before processing. Specimens obtained with cervical epithelium abrading devices, were split by the physician in two samples (smears). Primary efficacy endpoints were the portion of detected abnormal samples and the portion of false negative readings. Accuracy was measured against a cytology standard (association or adjudication).

RESULTS
[Figure: see text] * δ= 30% of Ps (performance of the standard control group). MPT= CAP-PAP test. ThP= ThinPrep Pap test. Pap=Pap smears. Pe= performance of the test group (experimental) Conclusion: This data suggests that the new technology is more sensitive (with equivalent specificity) than either conventional Pap smear or ThinPrep Pap test. However, when specimens were collected in PreservCyt, due to alcohol inhibition of the enzyme, this sensitivity was reduced. This work was supported in part by NCI, NIH, via SBIR Phase-1 and Phase-2 grants: 1 R43CA086767-01, and 2-R44CA086767-02. [Table: see text].