Introduction: Even though there is little water vapor present in the Martian atmosphere [1] and liquid water is unstable on the Martian surface [2], there is abundant evidence that liquid water was present at the surface earlier in the planet's history. There is also evidence of recent groundwater seepage [3], and it is widely accepted that water is stored beneath the Martian surface either as solid-state ice [4], as clathrates [5,6] or in liquid form [7]. If liquid water exists below the Martian surface, it likely occurs as a thermodynamically stable saline brine [8]. The formation of brines on Mars has been related to evaporative processes from the Martian surface [8]. But brines can also be formed during boiling and phase separation of a saline fluid as a result of high-temperature magmadriven hydrothermal circulation [9], during convection and near surface freezing of saline groundwater [10], and during impact-driven hydrothermal flow. To explore the possibility of brine formation and storage on Mars, we construct a 2-D numerical model of twophase flow in a NaCl-H2O hydrothermal system driven by an impact event. This is the first attempt to model two-phase flow and brine formation in an impactdriven hydrothermal system using a NaCl-H2O fluid. Modeling: In order to constrain the numerical model for brine formation during an impact-driven Martian hydrothermal system, we model two-phase NaCl-H2O hydrothermal circulation associated with the Chesapeake Bay impact event [11] using the numerical simulator FISHES [12,13]. FISHES uses the finite volume method [14] to solve the equations that describe conservation of mass, momentum, and energy in a NaCl-H2O system [15] and the equation that describes conservation of salt [16]. This code has been previously used to model phase separation in hydrothermal systems at mid-ocean ridges [17,18]. The model geometry shown in Figure 1 depicts a 6 km deep by 40 km wide system similar to that of [11] consisting of square cells of 500 m size in the x-axis and y-axis. This model geometry represents one half of the impact crater along with its rim. We assume the whole crater to be 40 km wide and 2 km deep with a rim of 5 km. The surface is assumed to be overlain by a 1 km thick layer of seawater, so the surface pressure and temperature are held constant at 10 MPa and 10C, respectively. The constant pressure upper boundary permits free fluid exchange. Consequently we apply upstream weighting boundary condition on the temperature and salinity of fluid entering or leaving the upper boundary. The bottom boundary is impermeable and maintained at constant temperature. The left and right hand boundaries are insulated and impermeable.


Home education in Europe presents a fragmented picture, according to an analysis of regulations and practices in a sample of fourteen European countries. In ten of these, home education is a legal right. But regulatory, inspection, and monitoring regimes vary considerably. In other countries home education is not mentioned in law, but is still tolerated. The discussion reviews a number of factors relevant to policy debates about home education in Europe, including the 1989 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the 1950 European Convention on Human Rights.


The US Naval Observatory makes daily UT1 Intensive observations on the Mauna Kea–Pie Town (MkPt) baseline of the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) using the standard S/X bands in a bandwidth synthesis mode. These observations are increasingly negatively impacted by RFI in the S-band. The frequency range of the S-band receiver is no more than 256 MHz wide, restricting the ability to place the 32 MHz wide channels to avoid the RFI. The VLBA C-band receiver is more sensitive and has a wide frequency range (3.9–7.9 GHz) which allows for more flexibility in the placement of channels. To see if the difficulties encountered in the S-band can be overcome by using the C-band, we have undertaken two experiments using the C-band receiver on the Hancock–Owens Valley baseline of the VLBA. The first is a standard group delay observing setup accomplished by placing channels at the low and high ends of the C-band frequency range as analogs of the Sand X-bands. A major question here is whether the smaller frequency separation is sufficient for ionosphere calibration. The second is an attempt at broadband group delay measurement across the width of the C-band. Here we present the design of these sessions and preliminary results.


Biomimetics of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (mNADH) are promising cost-effective alternatives to their natural counterpart for biosynthetic applications; however, attempts to recycle mNADH often rely on coenzymes or precious metal catalysts. Direct electrolysis is an attractive approach for recycling mNADH, but electrochemical reduction of the oxidized mimetic (mNAD+) primarily results in the formation of an enzymatically inactive dimer. A primary focus of our research is to design synthetic analogues of NAD+ and NADH that are both enzymatically active and electrochemically regenerable. We will present our recent progress utilizing alternating current voltammetry (ACV) to quantify the electrochemical dimerization of structural derivatives to NAD+, which can exceed second order rate constants of k > 107 M-1 s-1. We utilize this data to elucidate structure-reactivity relationships that lead to dimerization over the preferred formation of 1,4-dihydronicotinamide in NAD+ and its biomimetics, and we will describe strategies to prevent dimerization of electrochemically reduced NAD+.


A numerical investigation was performed to study the thermo-hydraulic performance in an enhanced tube with crossed helical dimples. The simulations were carried out in the Reynolds number range of 5000-30000 in crossed helical dimple tube of a period length with a constant wall temperature of 350K. The thermal enhancement, friction factor and performance evaluation criteria were the primary focus of the present work. Moreover, geometric parameters such as spiral pitch, transverse length and dimple depth were investigated for their effects on thermo-hydraulic performance. The results revealed that the shape of crossed helical dimple exerts positive effects on the heat transfer enhancement. This unique shape generated intensive transverse flow and induced a higher transverse velocity, leading to heat transfer enhancement. Therefore, the synthesized heat transfer performance was increased by 150% - 225% over that of the smooth tube. Furthermore, the heat transfer enhancement and friction factors increased with increasing dimple depth and declining spiral pitch and transverse length. Within the scope of this study, the maximum PEC = 2.25 was observed for Re = 30000, P = 30 mm, L = 11.064 mm, and H = 3 mm.


BACKGROUND
 Researchers often spend a great deal of time and effort retrieving related articles for their studies and submissions. Article authors often designate one article and then retrieve other articles that are related to the given one using PubMed's service for finding similar articles. However, to date, none present the pattern seen in selecting related journals as similar to a given journal. Authors need one effective and efficient way to find similar journals to the designated journal selected for a study.

 OBJECTIVE
 The aim of this study is to (1) show the location of related journals for a given journal online using Google Maps; (2) to verify the change in those related journals, along with their respective impact factors; and (3) to inspect the features of network density indices among clusters separated by social network analysis (SNA).

 METHODS
 Using downloaded abstracts from the Medline library for the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) published in 2007 and 2017, we plotted the clusters of related journals on Google Maps by using MS Excel modules, and we compared the features of network density indices. The Kendall coefficient (W) was used to assess the concordance of clusters across indices.

 RESULTS
 This study found that (1) the journals related to JMIR are easily presented on Google Maps; (2) no difference was found in the medians of impact factor on related journals between the years of 2007 and 2017 (3.01(2.62–3.40) and 2.55(2.29–2.82), respectively); and (3) All but the ratio indices in 2007 have a statistically significant concordance (p < 0.05).

 CONCLUSIONS
 SNA provides deep insight into the relationships of related journals to a given journal. The results of this research can provide readers with a knowledge and concept diagram to use with future submissions to a given journal in the subject category of medical informatics.


Informatization of students choosing classes has been the main instrument for researching,developing,and managing human resources of schools.This paper discusses on the operating principle and implement method of 3-layered system and structure,which is based on the web mode of Browser/server.Based on web,the online class choosing system is realized.


Abstract Over the past years, the knowledge and data are rising rapidly with the development of communication technology. There is a growing demand for integrating data, especially the medical healthcare data. Electronic Health Record (EHR) provides the patient with secure, real-time, and reliable access to the health record information at any time where any location is needed. Semantic interoperability plays an essential role in improving the medical decision-making, lowering the costs of healthcare, and improving the healthcare quality. Semantic concerns on the study of meanings and interoperability refer to getting systems to work together. There are many models try to solve the EHR semantic interoperability problem. Many different e-health standards are proposed, but they had some problems. Some of these standards do not support full semantic interoperability, whereas some others are poor community support. This paper focuses on the following goals: (1) realizing the urgent need for interoperability in EHR to improve healthcare quality; (2) discussing some of its main problems; (3) surveying some of the existing standards for solving its problems; (4) discussing some key issues required during achieving it; and (5) trying to solve that problem by recommending fuzzy ontology as an intelligent information system solution.


An exemplary online Miniature remover for the implant according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first screw thread is formed on one side of fastening screws implanted in the female screw portion of the implant which fixes Miniature (埋植) in the alveolar bone, and, that this second screw thread formed on the other side Remover screw; Remover the driver to be inserted into the position variable to the remover screw fastening to fix the Miniature; May include a; and wherein the driver fixing portion which is engaged with the second threaded screw so that the remover driver keep in contact with the fix Miniature.


Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of the wireless analgesic pump system. Methods 144 patients (ASAI-Ⅱ), receiving postoperative patient-controlled vein analgesia (PCIA) for 48 h, were randomly divided into two groups: the test group (n=72), using the wireless analgesic pumps system, and the control group(n=72), using type ZZB analgesic pump. The settings were as follows: loading dose 5 ml, background infusion 2.5 ml/h, bolus 3 ml, lockout time 8 min, and the prescription were as follows:fentanyl 12 ug·kg-1·d-1, droperido1 5 mg admixed with NS to reach 150 ml. Outcome variables: ① Age, weight, sex, and preoperative T, Hr, RR, BP, ② pain rating NRS when using PCIA for 4, 24, 48 h, ③ the number of all attempts, ④ the number of successful delivery, ⑤ Shivering, fever, nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression and other adverse effects in first 4 h. Results 144 patients underwent thoracic, urology, orthopedics, and general surgery. No difference in age, weight, sex, and preoperative T, Hr, RR, BP were found between two groups (P>0.05). The pain rating NRS are 1.3±1.4, 1.6±1.5 and 1.3±1.4 in test group and 1.3±1.3, 2.1±1.8 and 1.7±1.7 in control group at 4, 24,48 h. There was no difference between two groups (P>0.05). The number of all attempts is 6±10 in test group and 5±13 in control group; the number of successful delivery is 2±4 in test group and 3±6 in control group during 48 h,which were no difference between two groups (P>0.05). Patients did not have any adverse effect in early phase. Conclusion The wireless analgesic pump and its management system were safe for individual treating a variety of acute or chronic pain and other treatment requiring continuing or intermittent injection to maintain a certain plasma concentration.

Key words:
Analgesic pump; Wireless; Patient-controled analgesia; Analgesic management


The main impediments to the widespread acceptance of electric drive vehicles are the cost, energy-storage capacity, and durability of portable electrical energy sources and, in particular, batteries. In situ experimental techniques that can accurately detect and monitor performance degradation mechanisms on the nanoscale, including the identities of short-lived chemical species and changes in materials properties as a function of cycling rate, temperature, or time, are not widely used. Herein we demonstrate the combination of in situ 1D imaging and slice-selective NMR diffusion measurements as a tool for the spatially and temporally resolved determination of lithium diffusivities in a conventional liquid electrolyte (1.0 M lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide solution in propylene carbonate) under application of a constant electrical current. All experiments were carried out using standard NMR equipment, so the proposed technique can be easily implemented in any modern R&D facility.


Ultrasonic longitudinal velocity measurements between 80 K and 280 K and shear velocity measurements between 80 K and 230 K have been performed in polycrystalline superconducting DyBa2Cu3-xZnxO7-δ (x = 0, 0.01 and 0.03) and Dy0.9Ca0.1Ba2Cu3-yZnyO7-δ (y = 0.01) samples utilizing the pulsed-echo-overlap technique. A longitudinal anomaly characterized by a step-like slope change was observed at around 240 K for DyBa2 Cu3-xZnxO7-δ (x = 0) and at 230 K for x=0.01 and 0.03. Zn2+ substitution suppressed critical temperature, Tc but did not suppress the step-like anomaly. On the other hand, substitution of Ca2+ in Dy0.9Ca0.1Ba2Cu3-yZnyO7-δ (y = 0.01) caused the step-like anomaly to disappear. The step-like anomaly was suggested due to the oxygen-ordering process in Cu–O chains during a phase transition process at low temperatures. Substitution of Zn2+ ions in place of Cu was suggested to go into CuO2 planes and did not interfere with oxygen-ordering in Cu–O chains. This is suggested as the reason why the step-like anomalies were not suppressed in DyBa2Cu3-xZnxO7-δ (x = 0.01 and 0.03) samples. Disappearance of the step-like anomaly due to Ca2+ substitution is probably related to reduction in oxygen content which depletes Cu–O chain sites.


The use of wireless networks in mobile tourist applications has brought about many services that have been branded "necessary" in many research projects. Though, latest Eurobarometer findings argue that tourists are reluctant in using such services, arguing that high costs of roaming are the major deterrent factor. This paper presents the design issues and implementation of a context-aware 'mobile tourism' research prototype, which brings together the main assets of the Internet and mobile computing technologies. Namely, by using Internet web technologies it enables the creation of personalized portable tourist applications with rich content that matches user preferences. The users may download these customizable applications to their mobile device. Thereafter, network coverage is only an option as the applications execute in standalone mode.


The use of saline water in agriculture is a viable alternative, considering the increased demand for fresh water. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and phytomass production of sugar beet under irrigation with water of different saline concentrations in a field experiment on the campus of the Federal University of Alagoas in Arapiraca. The treatments were five levels of electrical conductivity (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1). The design was in randomized blocks, with four repetitions. The maximum yield of sugar beet at 27 days after the application of saline treatments was obtained with a salinity of 3.0 dS m-1, for the variables plant height (PA), stem diameter (CD), root length (RC), aboveground dry phytomass (FSPA) and total dry phytomass (FST). At 42 days after the application of saline treatments, the variables aboveground fresh phytomass (FFPA), root fresh phytomass (FFR), total fresh phytomass (FFT), aboveground dry phytomass (FSPA) and total dry phytomass (FST) increased with increasing water salinity. Rain may have influenced the results obtained for the evaluations, performed at 42 days after the application of the saline treatments.


For multipole feedback systems having two dominant poles, simple approximations are given for the zero which is optimum in the sense that gain margin is maximised, and for the corresponding maximum marginal gain. The formulas permit rapid design of optimum single-zero lead compensation for such systems.


ABSTRACT Introduction Jumping rope is an aerobic exercise that requires little time, consumes a high energy level, and does not require sizeable physical space or high investments. Although there are extensive studies in the literature on its short- and medium-term benefits, long-term responses are still inconclusive. Objective Explore the long-term effects of jump rope training on the physical health of athletes. Methods A randomized study was conducted before the protocol of regular physical education activities. The experimental group was differentiated by practicing a specific long-term jump rope protocol. Interferences of external factors were controlled during the 12 weeks of the experiment. Data analysis, observation of changes in fitness indicators, and statistical control were discussed. Results The mean time for a 50-meter run was 8.85s versus 9.63s before the experiment. A gain of 0.78s, representing an 8% increase over the speed. The girls' mean value before the experiment was 9.62s versus 9.18s after the experiment. The gain of 0.44 seconds represented an increase of 4.6%. Well-being perception was improved with injuries reduction over the control group. Conclusion Long-term jump rope training has been shown to improve fitness and reduce injuries in athletes and has the potential to become a viable option for physical education training. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.


IN THIS ARTICLE WE DESCRIBE our experiences using picture books to provide young children (five- to six-year-olds) with a learning environment where they can explore and extend preliminary notions of mathematics-related concepts, without being taught these concepts explicitly. We gained these experiences in the PICO-ma project, which aimed to generate more knowledge about the effect of picture books on young children's learning of mathematics. The project's goal is to investigate how picture books can contribute to the development of mathematical concepts in young children, and how the actions of the teacher can strengthen the characteristics of picture books that support learning. The reading sessions described in this article were not intended to be mathematics 'lessons'. Instead, the reading sessions were intended to tell the children a pleasant story and, at the same time, give them something to think about. Based on our research we provide reasons for using picture books to develop mathematical thinking, and include recommendations for practitioners interested in using picture books for mathematics learning.


The study analyses the impact of country's governance factors on the financial behaviour and performance of financial intermediaries operating in European Union countries, by covering the period 2000–2017. Empirical evidence provided by the paper relies on a set of financial and political factors that has not been previously studied. Four indicators are jointly used as proxies for capturing the various dimensions of a country's good governance, while 21 financial indicators represent the alternative dependent variables meant to comprehensively depict the banking sector and capital market development. Each panel regression has been controlled for country's degree of economic development and its membership to OECD and euro-zone. The findings indicated that various dimensions of political factor caused different effects on financial sector features. Control of corruption, solid political and economic stability determine significant effects on most financial variables considered (almost two-thirds of the financial indicators considered). Even after controlling for the lagged effect of governance factors the main results hold, in that monitoring corruption, maintaining political stability and designing sound economic policies still have an impact on most financial indicators considered. Another interesting conclusion supported by the results is that not all political instability indicators are detrimental for banking and stock market functioning.


Emilia Hazelip presents the approach she developed based on permaculture and Masanobu Fukuoka's principles of natural farming. She explains that her method improves soil life by using permanent beds, by keeping the ground permanently covered using mulches, and by planting together different plant families and plant shapes. She uses no fertilizers and never works the soil.


In order to overcome the difficulty of image automatic registration with different rotations and resolutions, this paper proposes a new method for automatic image registration. In the method, Harris-Laplace detector is applied to extract image features, the scale space projection based on scale-invariance of Harris-Laplace is proposed, then, a feature space on the projection information in the direction of feature main orientation is constructed, which makes feature space rotation-invariant and resolution-invariant. In addition, the feature matching adopts feature space k-d tree distance matching to combine with RANSAC, which implements feature matching effectively and satisfactorily. The experiments and comparison analyses show that the method in this study can accomplish automatic image registration accurately in the condition of different resolutions and rotations.


One of the most important reasons for using Multipath Routing in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is increasing the WSN life span. The increase in the WSN life span is a result of evenly distributing the load on all discovered routes. This is because; using a single route in a WSN would deplete the limited energy resources of the involved nodes. This would cause premature death of the most used nodes, fragmentation of the WSN and a non-functional network. As a result, it is of great importance to evenly allocate traffic to all discovered routes in a WSN to increase the network life time expectancy. In this paper, four network factors and the mathematical framework to calculate them is proposed. Also, a Traffic Splitting Protocol integrated with the network factors is introduced.


The author analyzed the limitations of the method current used in h-index research, raised that h-index can be reanalyzed using the theory of information value, and discussed the h-index's principle based on information value, studied the scope and inadequate of the h- index finally.


Three osteomas had spontaneously appeared on the lateral side of the arm in a 44-year-old woman; one of them showed a slight depression in its center and proved histologically to be an osteoma perforans.


Abstract Within studies of global capitalism class formation is analyzed from two different viewpoints: network theory and political economy. The principal factor determining the emergence of a transnational capitalist class (TCC) is the relations of production. The questions of how production and labor are organized, and how and by whom value is expropriated are primary and point to a hegemonic and cohesive TCC. Network theory, while helpful in creating a more complex picture, stresses sociological perceptions of class that underestimate transnational class formation.


When female patients with skin disorders become pregnant, the treatments with the previously used anti-allergic oral drugs are preferred to be switched to the treatments with external medicines alone, which often make patients experience unbearable itching and exacerbation of rashes. The use of tokishakuyakusan is known to be safe and improve various symptoms in the pregnancy period. In this report, the treatment of 4 patients with skin disorders were successfully switched to tokishakuyakusan alone from previously used anti-allergic internal medicines and other traditional Japanese herbal medicines after pregnancy. Case 1 and 2 were patients with atopic dermatitis who had been treated only with the external medicine during a previous pregnancy but without amelioration. Case 3 was a patient with prurigo gestations who had rashes on the upper body trunk and complained of a strong itching sensation. Case 4 was a patient with acne vulgaris. In all cases, the rashes and itching sensation improved promptly with oral administration of tokishakuyakusan, followed by successful delivery. No side effects of gastrointestinal disorders were observed in any cases. Their skin disorders were speculated to be caused by the blood deficiency and stasis. Qi deficiency and fluid disturbance de-veloped in association with pregnancy, which led to Yin deficiency and abundance of moisture. The positive responses of these conditions indicated that tokishakuyakusan was effective in the cases reported herein.


NFB was conducted to raise the attention of nursing students. A total of 10 training sessions of 20 to 30 minutes were conducted for 12 nursing university students. As a result, changes in the α wave were observed when the eyes were closed, but no changes in the TOVA score, ASRS, or MWQ were observed.


Contemporary short stories about college life, by famed writers and rising stars; Fiction, like life, has its lessons, and it's a wild ride on the learning curve when storytelling goes to school. The short stories in this collection negotiate the heights, the depths, and the unexpected angles of campus intrigue, sexual and intellectual awakenings and reckonings, and all the heartache and hilarity of a sentimental education. The work of such well-known authors as Stephen King, Marly Swick, and Ron Carlson appears here as well as stories by promising new voices. The results are sometimes harrowing (in King's story, a serial killer roams a campus), sometimes droll (in Lucia Perillo's "The Wife of an Indian," an academic adjusts his ethnicity to get tenure), and often poignant (as in Dan Chaon's story of the aftermath of an accident that injures a fraternity president.)


Summary: Vaccination for birth control has several advantages over currently available methods of family planning and should prove an attractive addition to the contraceptive armamentarium both in developing countries and in a developed country such as Australia. Concerns have been voiced by consumer health advocates that vaccines, like other long acting contraceptive methods, may be abused by health authorities in developing countries and by their use in vulnerable groups such as aborigines in our own country. These concerns need to be recognised and addressed. More difficult to accomodate are the anxieties expressed by feminist groups about the 'loss of control' and 'lack of body awareness' inherent in a method, such as a vaccine, that is relatively easily administered and has no overt side effects. There is no evidence that these concerns are shared by women in general.


The topology of wireless multihop networks can be controlled by means of transmission power control, and this control can be performed with the objective of adapting the network topology to the data flows established by the end users. By adapting the network topology, the set of flow data rates that the network supports can be increased, or, if the flow data rates are fixed, the end-to-end delays experienced by the flows can be decreased. The research problem studied in this dissertation is the design of topology-control algorithms that maximize the size of the set of supported flow data rates.
The design of the algorithms is approached in three steps. In the first step, the supported set of flow data rates is characterized mathematically for fixed network topologies by means of a queueing-system stability analysis. Two main contributions are achieved in this step. These are (1) a novel stability-analysis technique for reservation-based distributed scheduling (RBDS) policies and (2) the greedy-maximal RBDS (GM-RBDS) policy that outperforms, in terms of throughput, the current policies available in the literature. In the second step, the mathematical characterization of the set of flow data rates supported by GM-RBDS networks is used for the design of a heuristic and centralized topology-control algorithm which outperforms the classic approach based on spatial reuse. The third step consists of the design of distributed topology-control algorithms that also use the mathematical characterization of the set of flow data rates. These algorithms are designed using game theory and compared with the centralized topology control of the second step. The network scenarios in which each of these two approaches (i.e., centralized and distributed) outperforms the other are identified.
Finally, this dissertation also includes the design, implementation, and evaluation of a simulation framework for Institute-of-Electrical-and-Electronics-Engineers (IEEE) 802.16 wireless mesh networks using optimized network engineering tools (OPNET). The GM-RBDS policy and the topology-control algorithms are evaluated in this framework. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first OPNET simulation framework for this type of networks.


Background Laparoscopic Subtotal Cholecystectomy (SC) is a technique for performing safe cholecystectomy when excessive inflammation prevents exposure of the Critical View of Safety. Studies have evaluated outcomes and complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), with mixed results in terms of surgeon experience. It is unclear if the rate of SC is associated with experience. We hypothesized that the rate of SC would decrease as surgical experience increased. Methods We performed a retrospective review of LC performed at an academic medical center. Demographics were analyzed using descriptive statistics. We performed a multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationship between years in practice and performance of SC. We performed a sensitivity analysis comparing those in their first year on faculty with all others. Results Between November 1, 2017, and November 1, 2021, there were 1222 LC performed. 771 patients (63%) were female. 89 patients (7.3%) underwent SC. There were no bile duct injuries requiring reconstruction. Controlling for age, sex, and ASA class, there was no difference in the rate of SC by years of experience (OR .98, 95% CI .94–1.01). In a sensitivity analysis comparing first-year faculty to those beyond their first year, there was also no difference (OR .76, 95% CI 0.42-1.39). Discussion We find no difference in the rate of performance of SC between junior and senior faculty. This reflects consistency, in keeping with best practice guidelines. This could be confounded by junior faculty requesting assistance during difficult operations. Further investigation into factors affecting decision-making may clarify this.


A previous paper (Smith, 1972) dealt with the economics of extracting an exhaustible resource when there exists a high-cost inexhaustible substitute technology which must ultimately become economical to operate in conjunction with primary extraction. Solar energy as an alternative to the recovery of fossil fuels and the recycling of material resources such as iron or copper as an alternative to mining represent examples under these assumptions. However, in the case of recycling, the model did not allow for the possibility that recycled output, and therefore cost may depend upon the floating stock of recyclable material. This turns out to be a particularly interesting and appropriate case, whose development will be the objective of this note. For additional analyses of the problem of recycling, the reader is referred to Smith (1974) and D'Arge and Kogiku (1973).


The guest editors of a special issue of Race & Class 60 no. 3 (2019), 'Solidarity here and everywhere: the lifework of Barbara Harlow', provide a short biography of Harlow and discuss her key works: Resistance Literature; Barred: women, writing and political detention; and After Lives: legacies of revolutionary writing. They explain the importance of her work as 'a critic of both the world and the text' across disciplines, in establishing new fields of study, and as a reviewer. A symposium in October 2017 of former students had commemorated her path-breaking work in terms of decolonisation, imperialism and literature. Two of Harlow's unfinished book projects – on anti-apartheid activist Ruth First and on the challenges of drone warfare – as well as tributes from those who had been influenced by her teaching are flagged up. The authors explain why they choose the phrase 'solidarity here and everywhere' from Edward Said to title the issue.


The optimized surface condition of the polymer dielectrics in HVDC applications can dramatically alter their flashover characteristics. The proposed work in this paper aims to elevate the DC flashover voltages of epoxy after being physically polished with sandpaper of different gradings. The non-polished and homogenously polished specimens with roughness $\mathrm{R}_{\mathrm{a}}=0.54,3.16,5.24$ and 8.35 $\mu\mathrm{m}$ are obtained. Moreover, the epoxy with graded surface roughness is fabricated and the flashover test of all the samples is conducted in vacuum. The DC flashover voltages of the homogenously polished samples for either positive or negative polarity are obviously improved compared to the pristine epoxy and increase by increasing the surface roughness. The specimen with graded surface roughness in the perpendicular direction to the electrodes shows the highest improvement in the flashover characteristics. Surface conductivity, surface potential and surface trap characteristics are further studied to investigate the mechanism of the proposed concept. It can be inferred from the results and theoretical explanation that the proposed surface conditioning method can help to improve the insulation strength of the future dielectrics for HVDC applications.


The biggest single sustainability impact of any University is its graduates.
How do we support students to learn to tread more lightly in the lifetime ahead of them?
How do we mobilise student creativity to transform us and our city?


The vibrational and rotational energy distributions of ground state SrF(X 2Σ) formed in the reactions of electronically excited Sr(3P1) with methylfluoride, ethylfluoride, and 1,1-difluoroethane have been studied by laser-induced fluorescence. Although the reactions of ground state Sr with these reactants are exothermic, no SrF products are observed for those reactions in this study. The fraction of available energy disposed into the sum of rotational and vibrational energy of the SrF(X 2Σ) product is approximately the same for all three reactions, i.e., 40%. The reaction of Sr(3P1) with CH3F results in very low vibrational excitation in the SrF reaction product. The product vibration increases in going to C2H5F and C2H4F2. It is concluded that the alkyl group influences the energy disposal mechanism in these reactions, and some suggestions are given for a partial explanation of the observations.


Clopidogrel is used for the secondary prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events. Clopidogrel has a similar safety profile to low‐dose aspirin but is considerably more expensive. Clopidogrel is subsidised for restricted indications via the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS).


A nickel-tungsten alloy plating formula was developed to electrochemically fill the microvias of printed circuit boards and the through-silicon vias (TSVs) of wafers. The plating solution was composed of Ni(SO3NH2)2, citric acid, sodium citrate, Na2WO4, chloride ions, and 2-mercapto-5-benzimidazolesulfonic acid. A void-free Ni-W superfilling of a microvia and a TSV were achieved. The tungsten content in the filled alloy varied from 1.5 atom% to 5.5 atom%, depending on the plating temperature. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the filled Ni-W was theoretically calculated according the tungsten content, which was lower than that of copper. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any


We have studied the lattice recovery by rapid thermal annealing of Si+-implanted InP using Raman spectroscopy. The crystallinity recovery for different annealing temperatures of samples totally amorphized by the implantation can be monitored by means of their Raman spectra. However, free-charge coupling with the LO mode and possible misorientation of the recrystallized material may alter substantially the first-order Raman spectrum, making it unreliable for a good characterization of the lattice recovery. The study of second-order Raman spectrum overcomes the problems present in the analysis of first-order Raman spectrum and provides suitable criteria to assess the recrystallization of the implanted and annealed samples. After rapid thermal annealing at 875 °C for 10 s, the intensity of the second-order peaks approaches 70% of its value in virgin InP, and third-order Raman peaks are also clearly detected, evidencing the good lattice recovery achieved.


Jonti Horner and Barrie W Jones work out how to select the most likely targets among planets like Earth, to search for signs of life.


The effective management of people, their skills and involvement is fundamental to the success of any organization. This follows from the fact that the effectiveness of each depends on their abilities, education, experience, values, attitude sor talents. Therefore managers look for acquiring and keeping talented people called "talents". The study presents the essence of talent management in the light of scientific achievements. The theoretical considerations are supplemented with the presentation of research results regarding the role of talent management in an enterprise from the point of view of students of the Faculty of Management at the Czestochowa University of Technology.


The purpose of this study was to establish a reliable high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to investigate the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution profiles of 2-undecanone. A LC2010AHT HPLC system coupled with UV detector was employed and the separations were performed on a ZORBAX Extend C18 analytical column. The mobile phase was a mixture of 50% acetonitrile and 50% water at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min with isocratic elution. The method was validated within the concentration range 0.08–5.00 µg/mL for plasma samples, and 0.04–4.00 µg/g for tissue samples, the calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficients >0.99. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.03 µg/mL or 0.02 µg /g (three times signal/noise ratio). Intra- and inter-day precisions expressed as the relative standard deviation (RSD) for the method were 1.95–3.89% and 2.43–4.23%, respectively. The method recoveries for all samples were >80%. The main pharmacokinetic parameters obtained were tmax = (0.32 ± 0.10) h, Cmax = (6.47 ± 1.91) µg/mL, AUC0→∞ = (9.81 ± 3.11) (µg/mL) · h, and Ka = (5.30 ± 1.73) · h−1. The concentrations of 2-undecanone in liver (5.50 ± 0.26 µg/g) and spleen (3.90 ± 0.22 µg/g) were higher than in the other investigated tissues.


EGs. Intracytoplasmic EGs, appearing ultrastructurally as globular filamentous bodies, are a well-known feature of various neoplasms; the constituents of the type of filaments vary in different tumours: both cytokeratin and vimentin (rhabdoid tumours or rhabdoid cells in several malignancies), actin (infantile digital fibromatosis), or thin and thick myofilaments (rhabdomyoma, rhabdomyosarcoma). The current study has shown that colorectal leiomyomas frequently contain intracytoplasmic EGs, which are mostly composed of a globular aggregation of desmin, intermingling with actin. To our knowledge, the presence of these globules in colorectal leiomyomas has not been previously reported in the literature. Moreover, we suggest that the presence of these EGs may be a useful marker for differentiating leiomyomas from reactive muscular thickening since our control study failed to reveal any EGs in non-neoplastic muscularis mucosae. These EGs mimicked skeinoid fibres on light microscopy, although ultrastructural examination showed that this was not the case. The possible assessment of 'skeinoid' fibres should be carefully ruled out in differentiating leiomyoma from GIST on microscopic examination.


Kit Fine offers a critical introduction to the book, discussing in detail the two chapters in the volume that are on truthmaking—Chapter 6 on truthmakers for universal statements and Chapter 7 on truthmakers for modal statements.


In their seminal work `Robust Replication of Volatility Derivatives,' Carr and Lee show how to robustly price and replicate a variety of claims written on the quadratic variation of a risky asset under the assumption that the asset's volatility process is independent of the Brownian motion that drives the asset's price. Additionally, they propose a correlation immunization method that minimizes the pricing and hedging error that results when the correlation between the risky asset's price and volatility is nonzero. In this paper, we perform a number of Monte Carlo experiments to test the effectiveness of Carr and Lee's immunization strategy. Our results indicate that the correlation immunization method is an effective means of reducing pricing and hedging errors that result from nonzero correlation.


The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of short‐term high‐frequency failure vs non‐failure blood flow–restricted resistance exercise (BFRRE) on changes in satellite cells (SCs), myonuclei, muscle size, and strength. Seventeen untrained men performed four sets of BFRRE to failure (Failure) with one leg and not to failure (Non‐failure; 30‐15‐15‐15 repetitions) with the other leg using knee‐extensions at 20% of one repetition maximum (1RM). Fourteen sessions were distributed over two 5‐day blocks, separated by a 10‐day rest period. Muscle samples obtained before, at mid‐training, and 10‐day post‐intervention (Post10) were analyzed for muscle fiber area (MFA), myonuclei, and SC. Muscle size and echo intensity of m.rectus femoris (RF) and m.vastus lateralis (VL) were measured by ultrasonography, and knee extension strength with 1RM and maximal isometric contraction (MVC) up until Post24. Both protocols increased myonuclear numbers in type‐1 (12%–17%) and type‐2 fibers (20%–23%), and SC in type‐1 (92%–134%) and type‐2 fibers (23%–48%) at Post10 (p < 0.05). RF and VL size increased by 5%–10% in both legs at Post10 to Post24, whereas the MFA of type‐1 fibers in Failure was decreased at Post10 (−10 ± 16%; p = 0.02). Echo intensity increased by ~20% in both legs during Block1 (p < 0.001) and was ~8 to 11% below baseline at Post24 (p = 0.001–0.002). MVC and 1RM decreased by 5%–10% after Block1, but increased in both legs by 6%–11% at Post24 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, both short‐term high‐frequency failure and non‐failure BFRRE induced increases in SCs, in myonuclei content, muscle size, and strength, concomitant with decreased echo intensity. Intriguingly, the responses were delayed and peaked 10–24 days after the training intervention. Our findings may shed light on the mechanisms involved in resistance exercise‐induced overreaching and supercompensation.


the myeloid leukemia C1498. Dosage of the compounds to be screened was arbitrarily set at 40% of the MLD/50 dose, except in cases where the animals reacted unfavorably to this amount. Recently Skipper (7), working with Ak 4 mouse leukemia, reported that substitution of the 8-position of 2,6-diaminopurine eliminates its antileukemic activity. These results are confirmed by our data. Studies are now in progress with purine derivatives, similar to those in Table 1 (6-11), in the adenine, guanine, and isoguanine series.


The utility model belongs to a laboratory appliance, and in particular relates to a glassware cleaning instrument. The glassware cleaning instrument comprises a body (1), wherein the body (1) is provided with a motor (2), a switch (3) and a power supply (4); a rotating shaft of the motor (2) is fixed with a brush rod (6); one end of the brush rod (6) is provided with a brush head (8); the body (1) is arranged in a gun body type; the power supply (4) is arranged in a grip of the gun body; the switch (3) is arranged on a buckle of the gun body; the rotating shaft of the motor (2) is provided with a fan (5); the brush head (8) is made of collodion cotton; the brush rod (6) is hollow; and the wall of the brush rod (6) is provided with through holes (7). The glassware cleaning instrument has the advantages of simple structure, convenience of use, wide application range and high brushing efficiency.


Objective: To explore the effects of interferon-α (IFN-α) on expression of nuclear factor (NF) -κB in cervical cancer cells and the apoptosis. Methods: Apoptosis was determined by using TUNEL method and the expression of NF-κB was analyzed by using Western blot. Results: After incubation with 100 U/ml of INF-α and 15 ng/ml of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) for 24 hours, the rate of cells apoptosis was 92%. After incubation with 15 ng/ml of TNF-α for 12 hours, the rate of apoptosis was 92.6%. Interferon-α didn't affect the expression of NF-κB,while TNF-α could increase the expression of NF-κB(P0.01). Pretreatment of INF-α and then TNF-α could inhibit the expression of NF-κB significantly(P0.01). Conclusion: Interferon-α could suppress the activation of NF-κB of Hela cells and enhance apoptosis induced by TNF-α in Hela cells.


With the aim of manufacturing faster and smaller devices, the electronic industry is today approaching both the nano and the picosecond scales. In this particular scenario, electron dynamics becomes strongly correlated both in space and time. We have recently shown that Bohmian trajectories allow a direct treatment of the time-dependent many-particle interaction among electrons with accuracy comparable to Density Functional Theory techniques. In this work we present a general purpose time-dependent 3D quantum electron transport simulator based on Bohmian trajectories that we call BITLLES. As a numerical example of its capabilities, we compute the full electrical characteristics (DC, High frequency and fluctuations) of a Resonant Tunneling Diode.


In labor law, the principle of non-discrimination of persons with mental disabilities is observed within the legislative framework of the prohibition of discrimination against persons with disabilities and persons with general health problems. In light of the most significant international documents and the national legislation in this area, this paper is aimed at elaborating on the prohibition of discrimination of persons with mental disorders in the field of employment law. At the end of the paper, the author provides some clarification on the legal solutions pertaining to the right to equal treatment regarding persons with mental disorders.


This study analyzes the type of preferred shopping items based on tourism shopping value pursued by tourists through shopping at travel destinations as well as verifies their impact on satisfaction. A survey on 310 adult men and women aged 20 to 69 collected data samples representing tourism shoppers in Korea. Based on the collected data, a factor analysis and a structural model equation analysis were performed using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS. Tourism shopping value was divided into functional value, emotional value, exploratory value, and shared value. In addition, shopping items were categorized as physical materials and experience materials to identify the difference in preferred item types according to the value that tourists perceive. It also confirmed the adjustment effect of tourism motivation that affects tourism shopping behavior. According to the analysis results, the more tourists perceive functional and emotional values when shopping, the more physical material they prefer, and the more they perceive exploratory values, the higher the preference for experience goods. However, the shared value affected both physical materials and experience materials. Based on escape-seeking motivation, the adjustment effect of tourism motivation (a major variable to understand the behavior of tourists) on tourism shopping behavior was confirmed. Based on the academic and practical implications of this study, we hope to broaden our understanding of tourism shopping and revitalize research on tourism shopping.


Three days before the end of nearly a month of intense study, the participants in this summer's Yad Vashem Seminar for Educators from Abroad were given special permission to view an as-yet-unfinished project set among the Judean hills on the grounds of Yad Vashem. Called the Valley of Destroyed Communities, this undertaking is an architectural and aesthetic accomplishment of extraordinary power. Each section of the valley is a tall, three-sided rectangle, set on the short end and open, at the top, to the sky. Connected to the next three-sided rectangle by a shared corner, the total effect is that of an enormous maze. The walls are constructed of large, thick, pink-beige Jerusalem stone; the height of the rectangle, as well as the thickness of the stones, conveys a feeling of massiveness, of being overpowered. The beautiful multi-hued Jerusalem stone is in its natural state, its surface rough but delicate. Yet as one walks within each three-sided configuration, one notices immediately the contrast between the two outer walls on one's right and left sides and the wall which one faces. One gazes directly at a tall stone structure, its inner surface sanded to a smooth grain. Its upper limit is etched with the name of a European country, e.g., "Netherlands," and sometimes with the name of a large city within a country, e.g., "Warsaw." Under the heading are listed the Jewish communities of the country, or, as in the case of Poland, where the number is so large, those in the vicinity of certain large centers which were obliterated by the Nazis. Vanished communities; desolate vital centers: death commemorated; life memorialized. The structure and design of the Valley raise complex feelings. The height of the walls, the size and thickness of the stones, the list after engraved list: from them emanates the feeling of monumental, unfathomable loss. It is as if one is walking through a unique cemetery and there is row after row of tombstones, extending endlessly in all directions. One is overcome with


Lateral trench photodetectors (LTD) on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) have been fabricated using a fully CMOS compatible process. High speed (2.0 GHz), high quantum efficiency (51%), and excellent frequency response characteristics have been achieved at 851 nm with a supply voltage of only 3.3 V.


Despite the advent of second generation antipsychotic medications, schizophrenia remains one of the top ten disabling conditions worldwide in young adults. Deficits in cognitive functioning in the areas of psychomotor speed, attention, memory, and executive functions have been found to underlie the deficits in role functioning associated with the disorder. Moreover, specific neurocognitive processes have been identified that predict social dysfunction. These specific deficits are collectively known as social cognition. Interventions to address cognitive impairments and improve functional outcomes have received a great deal of interest in recent years. These cognitive rehabilitation strategies can be divided into two broad categories: those that are compensatory in nature and seek to bypass deficits in cognitive function, and those that are restorative in nature and seek to improve basic cognitive processes. In this issue of the American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, we examine a variety of approaches to cognitive rehabilitation. The lead article by Maples and Velligan, describes Cognitive Adaptation Training, an intervention that utilizes environmental supports such as signs, labels, pill containers, alarms, and the organization of belongings to bypass deficits in cognitive functioning and improve outcomes. Cognitive Adaptation Training is an individually-tailored, in-home treatment that assists the individual in placing and using supportive devices and strategies. The second article in the series, by Twamley and colleagues, describes an outpatient group format for Cognitive Training focused on teaching compensatory strategies and the use of supports. The group focuses on helping individuals to create habits around the use of compensatory devices and strategies. Group delivery of compensatory


State governments are crucial actors in the nation's system of education governance. This issue of the Peabody Journal of Education underscores the wide-ranging roles that state governments play in the oversight, development, and implementation of elementary and secondary education policy in the United States. In this article, I consider these individual analyses by reflecting on the broader themes and patterns that they suggest. I argue that at the dawn of the 21st century, the 50 U.S. states face dynamic challenges that are testing their institutions of governance. States are also simultaneously crossing new frontiers that will influence future policy and opportunities for the nation's students.


Thorium-based nuclear fuel has become an interesting subject for a variety of research with a wide range of applications. Research focusing on thorium-based fuel is aimed to overcome the scarcity and limitation of natural uranium resources as an alternative nuclear fuel in a thermal reactor. As thorium has no naturally occurring fissile isotope, it requires other fissile isotopes in order to be converted into fissile 233U to produce energy. The isotopes 235U and 2359Pu are two of the few alternatives available as the fissile nuclei for a thorium-fueled reactor. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the criticality and burnup performance of pebble bed reactor using two options of thorium-based fuel–namely, UO2-ThO2 and PuO2-ThO2. The HTR-10 was chosen as the reactor model. A series of criticality calculations with various uranium contents in UO2-ThO2 fuel and various plutonium contents in PuO2-ThO2 fuel was conducted using the Monte Carlo transport code MCNP6 and continuous energy nuclear data library ENDF/B-VII. The calculation result shows that 35% plutonium content in PuO2-ThO2 fuel has comparable criticality with 80% uranium content in UO2-ThO2 fuel. The former is shown to be better to ensure longer reactor operational time. However, that is due to the higher fissile fraction compared to that of the latter fuel. Meanwhile, thorium played little part in prolonging reactor criticality, as 233U production is not particularly significant.


2005 WILEY-LISS, INC. Fertilization, considered broadly, begins as gametes approach eachother and ends with the fusion of maternal and paternal pronuclei to form a zygote. These events initiate the process of reproduction and so have been the focus of inquiry and speculation since at least the time of Aristotle (Peck, 1991). During the past one and one quarter century, which roughly comprises the era of experimental biology, the mechanisms that underlie the production of sperm and egg, as well as their union, have provided a rich model system for the exploration of cellular biology and physiology. Early results from the study of these models contributed to our understanding of areas as diverse as chromosomal function and cellularmetabolism (Wilson, 1925). Thesemodels have by nomeans been exhausted. Gamete biology has recently provided key clues in areas as widely ranging as cell division (where the acronym MPF initially designated a meiosis promoting factor in oocyte cytoplasm; Maller, 1995), signal transduction (where receptor guanylyl cyclases (Garbers, 1989), and soluble adenylyl cyclase (Buck et al., 1999) were first identified in gametes), and cellular interactions (where the ADAM gene family was initially described in gametes; Wolfsberg et al., 1995). This issue of the Journal of Cellular Physiology contains a review on the mechanism of mammalian sperm–egg interaction. It represents the first in a series of reviews that will address key issues of fertilization. Future contributions will consider the basis for spermmotility and chemotaxis, the activation of eggs following sperm fusion, and a range of other areas of fertilization. This signals an intention on the part of this journal to provide a venue for the exciting new work in the area of developmental physiology.


Background: Approximately 20% of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) suffer from depression. Currently, these two conditions are the most common causes of disability in high-income countries and projected to become so for all countries by 2030. Depression is a risk marker for ASCVD and associated with worse health outcomes. In a nationally representative US adult population, we evaluate patient experience, healthcare expenditure and resource utilization among non-depressed ASCVD patients based on their risk for depression. Methods: The 2004-2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), a nationally representative sample was the basis for our study. We included adults ≥18 years with a diagnosis of ASCVD, ascertained by ICD9 codes and/or self-reported data and excluded those with a diagnosis of Depression, identified by ICD9 code 311. Individuals were stratified by depression risk (based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-2): Two-part econometric model was used to study cost data, and regression models for all other associations, adjusted for ASCVD risk factors. Results: The study sample consisted of 16,136 ASCVD patients without the diagnosis of depression (aged 67 ± 10 years, 55% male), translating into 179.2 million US adults, of which 8.6% (15.5 million US adults) had a high risk for depression. Individuals with high vs. low risk for depression had higher overall and out-of-pocket healthcare expenditures ($1,200 & $353, respectively; both p Conclusion: Among ASCVD patients without a diagnosis of depression, individuals with a greater risk for depression were more likely to report worse healthcare experience, increased resource utilization and higher healthcare spending. To enhance health outcomes and increase healthcare efficiency, more aggressive screening for depression risk to promote improved recognition and intervention are needed among this vulnerable population.


The results of the study of inhomogeneous ferroelectric triglycine sulfate single crystal with a growth periodic impurity structure TGS - TGS + Cr are presented. The impurity distribution was investigated with scanning capacitance force microscopy (SCFM). The peculiarities of the capacitance variations imaging on a doubled and tripled resonant frequency of electrostatic force are considered. The piezoelectric response, surface potential and surface topography were studied. It is shown that capacitive contrast is formed both at the domain boundaries and in the TGS and TGS + Cr bands. It was shown that SCFM allowed one to observe the impurity spatial distribution in the ferroelectric structure at the difference in the chromium concentration about 0.02-0.08 wt%.


: An important method of forming univariate time series models is by means of conditional distributions. For a vector having a power-normal distribution of dimension k , it is already possible to find approximately the conditional distribution of the last element in the vector. This paper extends the previous result on univariate conditional distribution to conditional distribution in the light of the values of the initial k-m elements in the vector. The extended results can be used to form multivariate time series models. The new numerical procedure offers an easy way to obtain satisfactory results.


This invention relates to novel cosmetic compositions for topical use, especially for photoprotection of the skin and / or hair, characterized in that they comprise, in a cosmetically acceptable carrier including oil-in type water, (i) 4-methylbenzylidenecamphor (compound A) in dissolved form, as an active filter in the UV-B, and (ii) alpha-cyano-beta, beta-diphenylacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (compound B) in an amount sufficient to solubilize by itself all of the said UV-B filter. These compositions may further contain, always in a dissolved form, 4- (tert-butyl) -4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (compound C) as an active filter in the UV-A. useful for protecting skin and hair against the effects of ultraviolet radiation.


Abstract Purpose: To describe demographic features and clinical and imaging characteristics of inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a Chinese population. Methods: A retrospective case review of patients with CNV secondary to uveitis from 2002 to 2013. Results: A total of 125 patients (150 eyes, 166 CNVs; bifocal CNVs in 16 eyes), 64% of whom were women, were reviewed. The mean age was 35.86 years. The proportions of patients with punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC), multifocal choroiditis (MFC), and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) were 50.4, 22.4, and 8%. All of the cases were classic CNV in fluorocein angiography and type 2 CNV in OCT. The proportion of subfoveal lesions in active CNV (30.09%) was less than that in inactive CNV (60.38%). Conclusions: PIC, MFC, and VKH were the three primary specific types of uveitis with inflammatory CNV in this study. Inflammatory CNV tended to break though the retinal pigment epithelium and beneath the neurosensory retina. Moreover, inflammatory CNV was usually nonsubfoveal when it occurred.


Numerical simulation of tin droplet impact with solidification onto a 304L steel substrate is presented. This case is studied in the literature; the aim of this paper is to validate our physical models and numerical methods. In this way, a direct Navier-Stokes equations resolution is investigated with a 1-fluid model taking into account multiphase flow, heat transfers and phase change. A numerical method is used combining lagrangian resolution with eulerian modeling in order to both solve heat convection and capture interface between liquid phase (droplet) and ambient gas. Mots clefs : multiphasique, transferts thermiques, changement d'etat, etalement et projection plasma.


The alteration of the electronic interface properties of iron phthalocyanine (FePc) on Ni(111) by graphene interlayers is studied using both photoemission techniques (XPS and UPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Both XPS and XAS clearly indicate a charge transfer from Ni(111) to the Fe ion of FePc. In contrast to CoPc, this charge transfer can be completely suppressed by the introduction of a graphene buffer layer between FePc and Ni(111). Further UPS measurements indicate that the interfacial charge transfer include also the FePc macrocycle. Surprisingly, for FePc and CoPc the energy level alignment after the formation of the interface dipoles is rather unaffected by both the introduction of a graphene buffer layer and charge transfer processes between the central metal atom of the Pc and the substrates.


This article describes the computation of the third-law gas-phase entropy of a molecule. Formulae from statistical thermodynamics are used, on the basis of canonical partition functions and relying on molecular parameters determined ab initio. Sensitivity of computed entropies to the ab initio accuracy of molecular parameter values will be discussed. Special discussion is devoted to approximations dealing with multiple minima of fluxional molecules, particularly rotational conformers connected by internal rotation.

Keywords:

entropy;
partition function;
internal rotation coupling


Tradition and culture hold South African queers captive. South Africa, with perhaps one of the most progressive constitutions in the world is, in Gastrow's (1992) view, acknowledged for fostering ideas of democracy and equality across the continent. However, perhaps South Africa is not as free as it seems; perhaps, it is arguably only free because there is no alternative way to conceptualise the phase we are in as a country. It is questionable that marginal identities within the South African context are constantly subjected to violence and victimisation aggravated by how queerness is framed culturally and traditionally as taboo. Such stigmatisation of queer subjects is informed by hegemonic masculinity. Furthermore, queer visibility in the traditional landscape becomes a trap, as it is held as offensive to normative, traditional ways of being.


Objective:To investigate the dynamic changes and clinical significance of MRI and EEG features in children with viral encephalitis.Methods: 72 children with viral encephalitis were analyzed for their abnormal MRI,EEG and clinical data,of which 46 cases were observed dynamically.Results: MRI abnormalities in children with viral encephalitis were shown as multiple or single,diffuse or limited point-like or patchy,flaky abnormal signal and more elongated T1,T2 signal,52 cases had multisite damage,mainly involved the leaf of the cerebral hemispheres,basal ganglia,brain stem,cerebral in acute stage.At recovery period they mainly manifested for the brain softening,cerebral atrophy and enlarged ventricles.Abnormal EEG was found in 68 patients,mainly displayed as diffuse or localized high-amplitude slow wave as δ,θ wave,part of them shown as lower amplitude,spike wave,sharp wave,and abnormal back ground.The slow wave disappeared and the background recovered normal with disease improvement.EEG recovery was earlier than imaging.The abnormal imaging indicated serious brain injury,long recovery period and sequelae.Conclusion: MRI,EEG are important examinations in children with viral encephalitis.They have important clinical significance for early diagnosis,treatment,evaluation of prognosis and recover system.


The irregular X-ray variability of Her X-1 has been investigated in different phases of the 1.7 day orbital period of the binary system Her X-1/HZ Her. The analyzed data have been sampled by the Exosat satellite during two main-on states of the 35 day cycle of the system. Using new system theoretical methods, the attractors of different processes have been reconstructed which are responsible for the temporal evolution of the observed X-ray radiation. For the dynamics of the emission of X-ray radiation from Her X-1, an attractor has been established which is of intriguingly low fractal dimension. This fact provides evidence for a nonstochastic, deterministic chaotic origin of the irregular variability of the emitted X-ray radiation. Higher dimensional deterministic chaos has also been found to govern the dynamical processes in the accretion disk of the system. Corresponding attractors have been derived for those phases when the X-ray source is partially obscured by the accretion disk. 44 references.


It's hard to believe, but flu season is almost upon us yet again. The temperature's dropped, leaves are turning red and orange, and it's time to start switching to the warmer side of our wardrobe. As scarves are once again becoming a staple in my life I keep reminding myself to pop into my local pharmacy to get a flu shot. I must confess it will be my first flu vaccination. I've never really suffered much during flu season so haven't worried about getting vaccinated. However, prevention is better than a cure so I think I must get myself organised this year.


This article concerns "living zones of the imagination"—areas of social life in which intensive "interpretive labor" is underway. Thanks to these zones, it is possible to engage in universally accepted exercises that enable a person to "see the world through the eyes of another person" and that yet do not disturb the current socio-cultural order. They provide an important basis for understanding among people, for harmonizing meanings in the sphere of social realities, and for integration that goes beyond certain permanent boundaries and hierarchies. The basic aim of the article is to prove that hospitality, understood as a value in Polish culture, could contribute to a considerable degree to the creation of such zones. The author analyzes the zones' character, function, and meaning, paying attention to how they resist the expansion of bureaucratic ways of organizing social life. He also draws attention to the influence that an axio-normative pattern could havewithin specific models of behavior and cultural practices.


The present article conducted a psychoanalytic investigation about adolescence and suicide through a theoretical elaboration and the examination of some Brazilian songs that present this theme. Based on the psychoanalytic approach to adolescence, the Freudian conception of psychic work is emphasized. This is necessary in the operation of subjective update that makes possible the adolescent passage and has similarities with the process of mourning. This point of convergence is the support of the approach that we propose between adolescence, suicide and their fictional narratives, including the songs. We understand the scope and limits of these sublimated forms of discourse with which many adolescents identify. On the one hand, the songs can constitute narratives that give a treatment to the anguish that emerges with the onset of puberty, enabling singular constructions through the word. On the other hand, the immersion of the subject in a discourse on death can intensify the anguish and cause identifications welded by a deadly joy, precipitating the act.


The University of British Columbia (UBC) prides itself in being a national leader of sustainable development and studies. The UBC Farm is a center for sustainable learning and teachings. Therefore, it is critical that thorough investigations into sustainable options are completed before the farm makes major purchases. The UBC Farm has asked teams of the APSC 261 course to look into a triple bottom line assessment of sustainable transport options. UBC Farm needs to replace its aging gasoline operated farm and delivery vehicle. The UBC Farm is looking for a new vehicle to use to transport produce to the market, relocate machinery, and transport employees around Vancouver. Requirements given include: must reliably run for at least 3 years, is highly fuel efficient, able to be maintained by the university, by plant-ops garage staff specifically, and is either a small truck or a 10 passenger van. Due to personnel and time constraints three options were investigated: using a car co-op's services, purchasing a diesel engine vehicle, and purchasing a diesel vehicle and using bio-diesel. The investigation has found that purchasing a diesel vehicle and fueling it with bio-diesel is the recommended choice of action. While Modo has offered discounts on their services, the inconvenience of traveling off campus to find and retrieve a vehicle out ways the potential cost savings and the ability to spread the knowledge of car sharing. Diesel engines are more efficient than conventional gasoline engines, and used vehicles are relatively inexpensive; emissions are a concern with older models. Bio-diesel is available on campus, at the same price as conventional diesel, and has less emission problems as conventional diesel. Furthermore, the bio-diesel is partially renewable and a diesel engine truck will not need to be converted if the model year is after 1994. Investigating all the options, bio-diesel is ultimately the best choice economically, environmentally, and socially.


The DEtection TRansformer (DETR) algorithm has received considerable attention in the research community and is gradually emerging as a mainstream approach for object detection and other perception tasks. However, the current field lacks a unified and comprehensive benchmark specifically tailored for DETR-based models. To address this issue, we develop a unified, highly modular, and lightweight codebase called detrex, which supports a majority of the mainstream DETR-based instance recognition algorithms, covering various fundamental tasks, including object detection, segmentation, and pose estimation. We conduct extensive experiments under detrex and perform a comprehensive benchmark for DETR-based models. Moreover, we enhance the performance of detection transformers through the refinement of training hyper-parameters, providing strong baselines for supported algorithms.We hope that detrex could offer research communities a standardized and unified platform to evaluate and compare different DETR-based models while fostering a deeper understanding and driving advancements in DETR-based instance recognition. Our code is available at https://github.com/IDEA-Research/detrex. The project is currently being actively developed. We encourage the community to use detrex codebase for further development and contributions.


Ad-hoc networks belong to the distributed networks that do not depend on the fixed infrastructure and can dynamically change the network topology and structure. Therefore, it is of great value to promote the ad-hoc networks to the actual application. However, the openness of the ad-hoc networks makes them vulnerable to malicious attacks. Till now, multiple researchers have carried out a lot of work on solving ad-hoc security issues. This paper discusses these security threats and solutions from different aspects in the first place. Then, this paper analyzes the existing security solutions. Next, this paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages. Finally, this paper proposes future research directions.


Sal based vegetation of Purnapani is under Binpur-I community Development Block in the newly formed district Jhargram of West Bengal. It is important because it is an associated corridor of Jhitka-Lalgarh forest under Jhargram Forest Division (Formerly Medinipur Forest Division) which is open corridor for Dalma Elephant (including residential kind). It was famous because of recorded 'The Royal Bengal Tiger', reported first time. Now it is a forest filled with coppice sal (Shorea robusta) along with many valuable medicinal plants, timber yielding crops, mushrooms. The forest includes a variety of birds, butterflies including insects round the year. The forest comprised of a large number of insects, mushrooms, many ferns, mosses and woody lianas. The so called forest have been studied ecologically which reflects highest diversity index of shrubs (1.15) followed by herbs (1.14) and lowest diversity index of trees (0.15). The said research reflects evenness index and species richness index also. Here, highest evenness index was observed in case of herbs (1.16) followed by shrubs (0.08) while lowest was observed in case of tree species (0.16). Similarly, species richness of shrubs showed highest value (7.69) and lowest value of richness found in case of tree species (2.84). In case of studied medicinal plants, status of abstract community was Shorea-Spatholobus-Cyperus during monsoon. Here, all the plants observed were medicinal which have significant ecological role to develop better plant community.


Description Storytelling with ancient DNA reveals challenges and potential for writing new histories Innovations in the sequencing of ancient (<100 years old) DNA have provided a new source of historical information that is complementary to ancient texts, oral traditions, and the archaeological record. The geographic application of this new technology has been uneven, focusing largely on Western and Northern Europe. On pages 939, 940, and 982 of this issue, Lazaridis et al. (1–3) report leveraging newly sequenced ancient DNA from the remains of 777 humans from across West Eurasia. They describe the genomic history of the "Southern Arc," the region surrounding the Black Sea and including Southeastern and Eastern Europe, the Anatolian peninsula, the Pontic steppe, and the Caucasus. Focusing on the relative contributions of five ancestral West Eurasian populations, they reveal shifting proportions of these lineages, which are used to reconstruct population movements extending from the Neolithic (10,000 BCE) to the Ottoman (∼1700 CE) periods and representing the demographic foundations of the modern West Eurasian world.


It was found out in a spot investigations that one of the significant causes why the NH3-N in the slaughter-processing wastewater was hard to meet the standards lay in wrong NH3-N value taken(based on influent index) when design of nitrogen removal.It was discovered that when optimal HRT for anaerobic ammoniation of slaughter wastewater was 6~8h,NH3-N net increasing rate ranged within 90%~196%;the anaerobic ammoniation was in the form of the first class reaction;according to this,the present authors first established the dynamic model of anaerobic ammoniation.


Aims: Donor funds play a critical role in the provision of social services and development process in developing countries, however poor utilization of the donor funds has been reported as a major barrier to achieving this. The study investigated the factors that influence the use of donor funds. Study design: This was a cross-sectional survey using quantitative method. Place and duration of study: Jijiga Town of Somali Region between June and July 2020. Methodology: Descriptive analysis was done using Relative Importance Index (RII) and Inferential statistics was conducted using correlation analysis and Pearson's coefficient was performed to examine the effects of the four independent variables (Financial management practice, Human resource capabilities, stakeholder's participation in planning, coordination and communication and Monitoring and Evaluation) and utilization of the donorfunded projects. Results: The study found lower utilization rate of donor funds across all the sectors in the region compared to domestic funds with utilization rate for domestic resources ranged from 93%-100% compared with 43% utilization rate for donor funds. All the four predictor variables show positive Original Research Article Mumin et al.; JEMT, 27(3): 65-76, 2021; Article no.JEMT.68966 66 correlation with utilization of donor funds, p value less than 0.01. Monitoring and Evaluation has the highest correlation, r=0.754, n=79, p=0.0003) followed by Stakeholder Participation, r=0.695, n=79, p=0.0005), Human Resource Capabilities r=0.654, n=79, p=0.0004) and Financial Management Practice with r=0.634, n=79, p=0.0005). Conclusion: The study reaffirmed the poor utilization of donor-funds in most developing countries and the associated factors which are major barriers to socio-economic development and will contribute to knowledge management in the region and help all stakeholders in improving utilization of donor funds.


Summary. To date, no genes have been characterized from mitochondrial DNA of hypotrichous ciliates. Here we present the complete sequence of the gene (cyb) encoding cytochrome b in the hypotrichous ciliate Pseudourostyla cristata. Analysis of nucleotide and deduced amino acids sequences predicts a protein of 393 amino acids encoded by cyb. CYB amino acid similarity and phylogenetic tree analyses strongly support a close evolutionary relationship between Paramecium, Tetrahymena and Pseudourostyla. The heat stress-dependent expression pattern of CYB was verified by semi-quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis.


The call screener employs a telephone system interface connected between a telephone network and a telephone device of a user. The interface selectively routes calls (and refrain from routing calls) based on the results from the dialogue system. The dialogue system elicits speech from an incoming caller and causes the telephone system interface to route calls from the incoming caller based on a comparison of the elicited speech with a set of stored speaker models. The stored speaker models may be maintained automatically by the system, using either a passive mode, in which calls exceeding a predetermined duration are assumed to be "acceptable" callers; and a proactive mode in which the system prompts the user at the end of the call to elect whether to save the speech models developed during that call in the acceptable user database. If desired, the user can attach other attributes or special tags to the stored models, indicating special handling or call routing rules to be applied when that caller calls again.


(57) Abstract: The present invention, infected cells, in particular to obtain the serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4 of attenuated dengue virus strains, high by infecting high titer virus strain cultured mammalian cells to provide a method for replicating virus titer. The resulting replicating virus is suitable for use in vaccines and vaccination methods provided similarly by the present invention.


Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the chronic systemic and comorbid medical diseases on geriatric stroke patients admitted to our clinic. Material and Method: Totally 151 geriatric stroke patients were included in the study. In this study, the ages, genders, stroke etiologies, complication and the systemic diseases of the patients were recorded. Results: The mean age of 151 (49.1% female, 50.9% male) geriatric patients was 72.18 ± 4.6 years 125 (82.7%) of geriatric patients had one and more systemic disease. It was found that comorbid disease was hypertension in 73.5%, atherosclerotic heart disease in 27.1%, diabetes mellitus in 17.8%, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 9.2%. 49.0% had shoulder pain and,36% shoulder subluksasyon , 29.8% had speech disorder, 27.1% had urinary dysfunction, 16.5% had complex regional pain syndrome, 16.5% had bowel dysfunction, 10.5% had deep vein thrombosis, 4.6% had dysphagia, 1.9% had pressure ulcer and 5.9% had depression symptom. Conclusion: Cerebrovascular accident in geriatric patients is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality. The rehabilitation program of geriatric stroke patients are offen affected negatively by the complications and comorbid medical conditions.


The current study aimed to test the effect of the equity financing structure and asset utilization efficiency on the financial fragility of a sample of 23 industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange for the period of 2016–2021 using the random sampling method. The descriptive-analytical method was deployed in this study. Besides, E-views software was used to test the study hypotheses. The study concluded that a negative and statistically significant effect of equity financing structure (common stock financing ratio and retained earnings financing ratio) on financial fragility. Furthermore, a negative and statistically significant effect of asset utilization efficiency, as measured by the (actual growth rate), on financial fragility. Therefore, the study recommends that industrial companies consider the Minsky index to determine the degree of financial fragility and avoid it. In addition, relying on their equity financing while making the appropriate financial decisions for optimal diversification between financing sources.


The homology groups of a space do not determine its homotopy type, but when the space is a simply-connected CW-complex, it is a well-known fact that if the space has the homology of a wedge of spheres of the same dimension, then it must have the homotopy type of that wedge of spheres. So we can ask if there are other cases where the homology groups of a simply connected CW-complex determine that the space is a wedge of spheres. In this brief note we show that if a complex has free finitely generated reduced homology groups for two consecutive dimensions and trivial homology for all other dimensions, then it must have the homotopy type of a wedge of spheres of two consecutive dimensions. We also show other pairs of dimensions for which the last result can be generalized. To fix ideas, we first give a proof of the above mentioned folklore result; the map constructed in this proof will be use in the proof of our main theorem. Throughout we will take homology with integral coefficients.


Eutectic and near-eutectic Al-Si alloys are highly used in automotive industry due to their high strength to weight ratio, excellent abrasion and corrosion resistance. The mechanical properties of these materials are strongly affected by the size, volume fraction, morphology and distribution of the silicon particles in the matrix phase as well as the presence of Sr as a microstructure modifier and proper aging treatments. In this study, the effect of secondary aging on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg and AlSi7Mg have been investigated in detail. The microstructural examination was carried out using optical microscopy, mechanical properties were investigated by hardness and, tension tests. Agehardened samples exhibited very similar tension behavior. Among age-hardened samples, 4h aged samples had highest hardness value for both alloys. After secondary aging, further hardening was observed for AlSi7Mg alloy, while AlSi10Mg hardened slightly.


We present an extension of the functional renormalization group to Floquet space, which enables us to treat the long time behavior of interacting time periodically driven quantum dots. It is one of its strength that the method is neither bound to small driving amplitudes nor to small driving frequencies, i.e., very general time periodic signals can be considered. It is applied to the interacting resonant level model, a prototype model of a spinless, fermionic quantum dot. The renormalization in several setups with different combinations of time periodic parameters is studied, where the numerical results are complemented by analytic expressions for the renormalization in the limit of small driving amplitude. We show how the driving frequency acts as an infrared cutoff of the underlying renormalization group flow which manifests in novel power laws. We utilize the tunability of the effective reservoir distribution function in a periodically driven onsite energy setup to show how its shape is directly reflected in the renormalization group flow. This allows us to flexibly tune the power-law renormalization generically encountered in quantum dot structures. Finally, an in-phase quantum pump as well as a single parameter pump are investigated in the whole regime of driving frequency, demonstrating that the new power law in the driving frequency is reflected in the mean current of the latter.


The WHO estimates that the number of women infected with HIV ranges from 1 million in Africa to 100000 in the US. In the US the ratio of male to female cases is 9:1. In Africa the ratio is 1:1. 60% of the total number of cases of AIDS worldwide were contracted through penile-vaginal intercourse. In the US it is heterosexual transmission that is spreading at the fastest rate. In the US 30% of the female AIDS cases were contracted by heterosexual transmission which represents more than twice as many male heterosexual transmissions. Currently the only method of protecting yourself from AIDS is the use of a male condom. However this leaves women at a distinct disadvantage because of a power differential. Women simply do not have the power to negotiate male condom use. The solution to the critical problem is the release of the female condom. Men have had condoms for centuries now for the 1st time women can protect themselves from STDs and AIDS without having to involve the man. However in many countries the female condom must be marketed and presented in a fashion that allows it to be accepted by both men and women. This is particularly true in countries where women are traditionally not allowed to make contraceptive decisions for themselves.


Individual universities have been seeking for better ways of teaching information processing skills. In order to grasp what first year students at Nagasaki University have learned and acquired as to computer related skills, the following study has been conducted since 2006: a questionnaire study of information literacy and computer related skills. This paper aims to show how much the first year students are accustomed to exercises of computer skills and second, to consider effective ways to fill the gap between the knowledge and the skills previously acquired, and the skills required to gain in Nagasaki University. The computer related skills are those which all students are expected to authentically demonstrate before graduation.


An electrical energy conservation control method and apparatus are provided which produce efficient control of the light output of either incandescent or fluorescent lamps or the outputs of other electrical load devices under circumstances where the rated output is not required. The control method and apparatus combines electronic (transistor) switching techniques with the use of reactive circuit components to provide control of the magnitude of current flowing through the load device during the AC input voltage sine wave and to permit some current flow at all times during each voltage half wave. The control technique is non-dissipative in the sense that losses are virtually limited to switching transitions and passive circuit element losses. The control is accomplished by controlling the time period that a transistor is saturated full-on. The transistor is saturated on at the beginning of each voltage half wave and continues to be saturated on until the point in time within each half wave when the transistor is turned off. At that point in time, a non-dissipative current-limiting capacitor provides an alternate current path for the load current. This operation combats the intrinsic non-linear characteristics of inductive loads and causes less power factor change.


Finding and fitting circles from a set of points is a frequent problem in the data analysis of high-energy physics experiments. In a tracker immersed in a homogeneous magnetic field, tracks are close to perfect circles if projected to the bending plane. In a ring-imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detector, circles of photons around the crossing point of charged particles have to be found and their radii estimated. In both cases, non-negligible background may be present that tends to complicate the pattern recognition and to bias the circle fit. In this contribution we present a robust circle fit based on a modified Riemann fit that removes or significantly reduces the effect of background points. As in the standard Riemann fit, the measured points are projected to the Riemann sphere or paraboloid, and a plane is fitted to the projected points. The fit is made robust by replacing the usual least-squares regression by a least median of squares (LMS) regression. Because of the high breakdown point of the LMS estimator, the fit is insensitive to background points. The LMS plane is used to initialize the weights of an M-estimator that refits the plane in order to suppress eventual remaining outliers and to obtain the final circle parameters. The method is demonstrated on three sets of artificial data: points on a circle plus a comparable number of background points; points on two overlapping circles with additional background; and points obtained by the simulation of tracks in a drift chamber with mirror points and additional background. The results show high circle finding efficiency and small contamination of the final fitted circles.


1958-59, it is strengthened with almost forty pages of notes and bibliography. The reviewer found little to disagree with in the author's approach or interpretation. Some of the expressions used perhaps are a trifle too popularized in tone; sometimes a paginal or terminal citation could have fallen into the other placement ; and the multitudinous individuals named are not always clearly drawn. Nonetheless, this is a fine work, the kind of factual and understanding appraisal which Spain for so long has deserved. BEN G. BURNETT Whittier College


The probabilistic general model of  critical  infrastructure  accident  consequences  including  three models of the process of the initiating events generated by a critical infrastructure accident, the process of the environment  threats  and  the  process  of  environment  degradation  is  created  and  adopted  to  the maritime transport critical infrastructure understood as a ship network operating at the sea waters and then applied to accident consequences modeling, identification and to these consequences optimization and mitigation. http://www.transnav.eu the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Volume 13


the first two years of the child's life. He describes also the various disorders which may This being to the human surroundings on it self. ABSTRACT The author in this paper looks towards the nature and dinamics of the first relationhips, and how that


A new, dedicated website may be set up in future. This web page also contains the first edition of the guidance note (in English, Spanish, French and Indonesian), case studies, presentations and other documents relating to community resilience.


drome was made. He was treated with octreotide in an attempt to control the flushing and diarrhoea. Whilst there was some improvement in the flushing, the octreotide was not tolerated due to steatorrhea which was thought to be due to the suppression of exocrine pancreatic function. At the initial palliative care consultation, the patient's main symptom was constant nausea which had been present for several months. It was associated with anorexia but no vomiting. His diarrhea and flushing also continued. He was frail and there were weeks when he spent most of the time in bed. He had not spent any time out of the house for months, other than for medical appointments. The nausea had not responded to metoclopramide, domperidone, cyclizine, or prochlorperazine. Loperamide had not helped the diarrhea, and there was only a limited response to codeine. He was also taking co-codamol (paracetamol-codeine) for liver pain and furosemide/ amiloride for heart failure secondary to carcinoid infiltration of the tricuspid valve. Levomepromazine (previously known as methotrimeprazine) was started at 12.5 mg at night, increasing to 12.5 mg bd. The nausea was much reduced and the patient's appetite returned. He was able to go out to watch his son play golf. Diarrhea remained a problem. A month later, increasing nausea led to the levomepromazine being increased to 25 mg bd. Slow-release morphine was introduced at 30 mg bd for abdominal pain. There was good improvement in symptom control and the patient was able take a short flight to attend his son's wedding. There were no major drug side effects; notably, he had no postural hypotension, sedation, or dry mouth. He was admitted to the hospice for a respite admission with good pain control, a bowel action frequency of twice a day on loperamide, and mild nausea for which he did not wish to change his antiemetic regime. The levomepromazine dose was now 25 mg tds and he still had no measurINTRODUCTION High-Dose Levomepromazine (Methotrimeprazine) to Control Nausea in Carcinoid Syndrome


The promising utilization of wearable antennas has experienced gigantic growth during the last decade. An antenna is one of the most significant and crucial components of wireless wearable devices. They need to be particularly designed to work while worn on and off the body. The wearable antenna embedded into clothing finds its use in wireless communications including tracking and navigation, mobile and wearable computing, and public safety and security. For user accessibility, there is a growing requirement for incorporating antennas on or in clothing. Determining the dielectric characteristics of the flexible substrates utilized in the design of the wearable antenna is also essential. In this paper, a Microstrip Ring Resonator (MRR) is employed to determine the dielectric properties of fabric substrates followed by state-of-the-art designs of wearable antennas and their bending effects at ISM band frequencies. An electrical equivalent model is designed to realize the potentials inside the geometry of an antenna under bending environment. This is followed by observing the effect of bending for different feeding methods on the wearable antenna's parameters when bending on a certain radius. The robustness of the proposed wearable antenna is examined by measuring the antenna under various bending curvatures for return loss, gain, and efficiencies. This will disclose the various contemplations for designing a wearable antenna from different feeding mechanisms with different materials and exemplifying the antenna's outcomes to dynamic moments of the human body. The performance of the proposed wearable antenna is acceptable even in a deformation environment, and there is a good agreement between the measured and the simulation results.