This study compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) according to World Health Organization (WHO), National Cholesterol Education Program Third Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) definitions, to evaluate how well the different classifications agreed. The study also compared their 10-year predicted risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) with the Framingham risk score (FRS). Some 886 women and 547 men aged 18–92 years were included in the study. Demographic and personal medical history data were obtained at interview. Four operational definitions of MS were used (those of the WHO, NCEP-ATP III, AHA/NHLBI and IDF). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was found to be 26.4% (WHO criteria), 24.0% (NCEP-ATP III criteria), 41.9% (IDF criteria) and 37.2% (AHA/NHLBI criteria). According to the definition used, central obesity ranged from 41.9% to 75.1% and high blood pressure from 52.9% to 65.8%. Agreement between classifications ranged from 75.2% (κ=0.47) to 90.4% (κ=0.80) and was lower in males. The 10-year predicted risk of CHD by FRS was similar between the different definitions. IDF and AHA/NHLBI definitions resulted in a higher prevalence of MS than the NCEP-ATP III or WHO definition. Overall, however, good agreement was found between definitions, and the predicted 10-year of CHD risk was similar.


Objective To investigate the treatment effect of argatroban on acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(DVT). Methods 76 cases of acute lower extremity DVT patients were randomly divided into the experimental group(38 cases) and the control group(38 cases). The experimental group was treated with argatroban and streptokinase, the control group was treated with low molecular weight heparin and streptokinase, for 1 week, then took warfarin since the eighth day of thrombolytic therapy. Coagulation function indexes(PLT, APTT and INR) and the efficacy were monitored during the treatment process. Results After the treatment of one week, the treatment effect of the experimental group was better than that of the control group(P0.05). Conclusion Argatroban is effective for lower extremity DVT, which is worthy of promotion.


In this communication, the European (FP6) Network of Excellence ACE (Antenna Center of Excellence) is presented. The main achievements are discussed both at the level of Joint Research & Delta Research Activities, centered on specific research topics (vertical activities ) and at the level of horizontal activities, which are intended to structure and to integrate European research and to provide efficient training, education, dissemination and transfer of results.


The call for proposals for the organization of the 19th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (19th ICPhS) is now open. The 19th ICPhS will take place in 2019, four years after the 18th ICPhS to be held in Glasgow in August 2015. Bids for the 19th ICPhS organisation need to be prepared before the 18th ICPhS Congress and defended at the 18th ICPhS venue before the Permanent Council for the Organisation of the International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. The deadline for the submission of bids is 30 May 2015.


A sensorless control strategy is proposed based on a novel topology for the rectification of the permanent magnetic synchronous generator (PMSG) in the wind generation system. Three one-phase power factor correction (PFC) circuits for each phase of PMSG, called three-phase PFC rectifier, are employed in this topology. Every stator current is controlled in phase with the corresponding electromotive force (EMF) of the PMSG. Based on the models of the PMSG and the PFC circuits, the EMF is reconstructed and the rotor flux linkage is observed. The phase angle for the current control is derived from the flux linkage using a phase locked loop (PLL). Results of both simulations and experiments verify that sinusoidal AC currents are in phase with the fundamental voltages of the EMFs of PMSG with the proposed sensorless control strategy.


An empirical study was conducted of employed professionals, representative of the marketing and financial services industry located within the metropolitan section of Pittsburgh, PA, resulting in 191 useable questionnaires. The thrust was to investigate the degree of seriousness on the part of working professionals' promoting new initiatives, such as public transportation and purchasing hybrid vehicles, to mitigate gasoline prices via their perceptions of the importance of selected economic, political, and personal transportation preferences, and its relationship to Customer Relationship Management (CRM). It was found through multivariate analysis that the influence of selected financial incentives can be quite powerful, especially by the use of employer-based and supported transportation programming. In general, such employer-supported programmes were very well received in changing employee behaviour for those would were so privileged, which may lead to a happier and more productive workforce.


The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of recidivists and analyze the factors behind the recidivists in committing criminal acts of motorcycle in Pekanbaru City.
Type qualitative research by describing and analyzing various data collected through interviews and field observation. Informants in this study as many as 4 (four) people with incidental techniques.
The survey results revealed that 1). The characteristics of recidivists are mostly between the ages of 23 and 24 and male, high school or equivalent, the recidivized employment prior to being caught are mostly private employees, with 2 to 3 detention experiences with the same case. Theft expertise is obtained from outside friends as well as friends in the period of detention, the type of vehicle stolen most of which have specific criteria or types and brands. Most of the recidivists steal and sell directly, the location of theft in residential houses, shops or shops and vehicles on the roadside. Means of supporting action are T Key, motorcycle and co-worker. The most commonly used time of action is daytime through the afternoon, experienced in stealing vehicles for 2 years or more. 2). Factors behind the recidivists repeat the act of crime of motorcycle theft in Pekanbaru City is in order to meet the demands of everyday life and the rest for fun, have been trying to find another job but not last long such as small and unsuitable income with expertise, the assumption that stealing a vehicle is one of the fastest types of work with quick results as well. Status that is not recognized either by the nuclear family, the big family is not even recognized in the midst of society.

Key words: Recidivists, Theft, Motorcycles.


Investigations on knowledge, attitude and practices of the human activities related to the breeding of mosquito vectors in Ikeduru L.G.A, Imo State, Nigeria were carried out. Descriptive survey method was used for the study. The towns were sampled using simple random sampling technique. Questionnaire and interviews were used to generate data. The binomial logistic regression method was applied in testing relationships between parameters. The findings revealed that increasing age was associated with an increased likelihood of having both knowledge and positive attitude associated with human activities on mosquito species. Results further indicated that increase in age was associated with decreased likelihood of participants practicing human activities that contribute to breeding of mosquito species. Findings also revealed that males were 7.026 times more likely to have knowledge associated with human activities on mosquito breeding than their female counterparts. Females were more likely to exhibit positive attitude associated with human activities on mosquito species than male counterpart. Males were more likely to practice the human activities that contribute to breeding of mosquito than females. It was recommended that indiscriminate dumping of refuse should be discouraged. Educating the masses on the activities that favor rapid breeding of mosquitoes in the area should be encouraged. Planting of mosquito repellant herbs near human habitation should be encouraged. Vulcanizers should be enlightened on the dangers of storing water in unused tires. Cassava and Maize Processors should disinfect their environment at least once in two weeks.


Ground control problems at a longwall face and/or bord (room) and pillar mining section not only pose serious threat to mining operation and monetary loss but also cause health and safety risk to miners. In India, the major causes of fatalities and injuries to miners are contributed due to roof falls, pillar spalling and roof skin failures. Most of the time, it is impossible to evaluate the causes of such incidents due to complex nature of geological roof layers and their ,interaction mechanism with coal seam and floor strata. Studies have shown that engineering properties of coal measures strata, joints and fracture systems in the roof water conditions and roof bolting pattern including bolt length, bolt capacity and grouted/frictional properties can explain some of the roof failure phenomena. Based on this concept, coal mine roof rating (CMRR) and primary roof support index (PRSUP) were developed by National Institute of Safety and Health (NIOSH) of the USA to quantify the geologic roof layers and to evaluate the performance of primary support system. The unique features of these systems are that they are easy to implement in a mine and can be used by a field personnel without any expertise in strata mechanics. The author has developed an easy-to-use computer software package in conjunction with NIOSH for the evaluation of CMRR. In this paper, a detailed description of CMRR, use of the computer software and PRSUP will be given along with applications and results of some study performed in the US coal mines. These concepts can easily be applied to Indian coal mining conditions in order to evaluate the roof geology and support performance. As a result, the interaction between the roof, coal pillar and the floor can be evaluated for the prevention of major ground fall in a coal mine.


Magnetostatic surface waves propagation in yttrium-iron garnet film with surface periodic array of grooves was studied. Effective excitation of exchange spin waves traveling along the film thickness was experimentally shown. Using micromagnetic modeling it was shown that internal magnetic field inside the film is nonuniform both in plane (periodically) and along the thickness at bias magnetic field directed perpendicularly to grooves' axis. The found nonuniformity is associated with good condition to excite exchange spin waves.


The new N-heterocyclic carbene ligand 3 is presented, which features both a weak σ-donor and a pronounced π-acceptor character. This electronic feature is realized by a side-on annelation of a bis(imidazo)triazine fragment. The coordination chemistry shows the ability of the species to act as a monodentate as well as a chelating and a bridging ligand. The last coordination mode is realized in the solid state of the complex [Rh(cod)(3)]BF4, in which three fragments are assembled around a BF4– fragment via anion−π interactions with the triazine moieties.


Unusually detailed Doppler radar records of ionospheric disturbances following two moderate‐to‐large dip‐slip earthquakes were reported in 1984. These indicate that earthquakes can perturb the ionosphere by means of acoustic waves launched by the moving ground surface. For one earthquake {magnitude 6.5, Coalinga, CA, 2 May 1983 [J. H. Wolcott et al., J. Geophys. Res. 89, 6835‐6839 (1984)]}, a seismic‐aeroacoustic‐ionospheric kinematic wave analysis was performed to explain radar signature timing. Surface Rayleigh waves were modeled and interpolated from main and after‐shock seismic records, acoustic wave trajectories by acoustic ray tracing in a standard atmosphere were established, and radar detection altitudes were determined from radio rays traced through an ionosphere calculated from an ionogram measured close by. Our calculated results agree well with Doppler signature times observed on several 5‐ and 10‐MHz radar beam paths 160–300 km from the epicenter. Similarities and differences were identified ...


The purpose of this research is to find out whether there is significant effect of make a match technique on the eighth grade students' writing ability in descriptive text at SMP Muhammadiyah Kediri in academic year 2016/2017 or not. Furthermore, this research used quantitative research. Pre-experimental research was used as a method in this study, with one-group pretest-posttest design as the design of the research. This research was carried out in one class as the sample that is VIII-D class consisting 26 students with 15 males and 11 females. In collecting and analyzing the data, the researcher used written test in the form of short essay especially about describing animal as the instrument of the research and used scoring rubric of writing and t-test formula to know the result of the research. The result showed that the mean score gained from post-test was higher than pre-test. The mean score gained from post-test was 67.64 while pre-test was 55.76. Moreover, it was found that the t-score (12.89) > t-table at the degree of significance 1% (2.485) or 5% (1.708). Therefore, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. So, it can be concluded that make a match technique give significant effect on the students' writing ability in descriptive text specifically to the eighth grade students at SMP Muhammadiyah Kediri in academic year 2016/2017. Therefore, it is suggested that English teacher should try to use and apply make a match technique to teach writing descriptive text.


Abstract Brigitte Roüan's Outremer (1990), whose female protagonists carry the primary symbolic weight of French identity, tends toward what Frederic Jameson has identified as 'national allegories', in the sense of texts that metaphorize the public sphere even when narrating apparently private stories. In this context, the soundtrack and the discursive meaning of Roüan's film are inseparable, for it is ultimately what we hear that allows us to appreciate Roüan's film fully and accurately as both national allegory and gendered discourse. Thus Outremer's parodic and parallel subversion of the narratives of romance and of colonialist conquest is first announced during the opening credits and attains its apotheosis in the final credit sequence.


Stephanidae (Hymenoptera, Stephanoidea) are solitary idiobiont ectoparasitoids of wood boring insect larvae. Here we present two genera, i.e., Afromegischus
van Achterberg, 2002 and Foenatopus Smith, 1861, and five species, i.e., A. gigas (Schletterer, 1889), F. bisignatus
Aguiar & Jennings, 2010, F. crispus Aguiar, 2010, F. nimaarkanii Ghafouri Moghaddam & Rakhshani sp. n. and F. prousti Aguiar & Turrisi, 2010 from Iran. Specimens were collected in southeastern Iran (Kerman and Sistan-o Baluchestan) from unknown hosts. Their morphological features and distribution are discussed in relation to the overall knowledge in the target and adjacent regions. Foenatopus nimaarkanii
sp. n. is incorporated to the key for the identification of Foenatopus species with double spots on metasomal tergites.


This good practice guide explores the challenges, benefits and opportunities associated with higher education institutions (HEIs) engaging the public in the disciplines of geography, earth, and environmental science (GEES). We live in a world with massive global, societal and environmental challenges. Work undertaken in universities in the GEES disciplines contributes greatly to the search for solutions to these challenges. The GEES disciplines are increasingly being made accessible in the public arena and it is essential that this engagement with the public is effective, accurate and constructive.


IN THE GERMIAN LANGUAGE there has evolved a wonderfuil word for which there is no precise translation or synonym in English. It is zusammenfassen which literally means "a gathering and fastening together." Such a term adequately describes the purpose of this thesis. It is the gathering together or collation of a series of ideas concerning experimental blackout. During the last fifteen years many facets of the problem have been explored. Almost every investigative study has raised more questions than it has answered and the various leads have been followed without any over-all plan. Often there has been duplication of methodology with newer or more precise instrumentation which has produced more accurate data from which better conclusions could be reached. New investigations were undertaken as opportlunities were presented. The time has come to put these scattered trains of thought into some logical order. By so doing, the interested reader can evaluate the state of the art in this experimental field and can determine for himself what is known and what needs further clarification. He can assess which facts stand on a firm rock of verified and reliable scientific observation and which ones border on sheer speculation. He can follow the evolution of thinking about these problems and he can discover hiatuses which hopefully may be admirably suited for his particular laboratory skills and experience. Science and the search for truth may thus advance.


Rapeseed protein concentrate (RC) was prepared on a semi-pilot scale by a process involving 2% sodium hexametaphosphate. The nitrogen and total solids yields were 53 and 31%, respectively. The RC contained 77% protein, negligible amounts of glucosinolates, 14.2% ash, 3.4% phosphorous, and 1.26% phytic acid. The amino acid composition was similar to rapeseed flour. When fed to rats in diets at 5 and 10% protein levels, RC exhibited higher protein quality than the casein controls and no gross abnormalities were observed in all major organs. At the 20% dietary protein level, the difference in quality was not significant and rats fed RC had larger kidneys than those fed casein. This was attributed partly to the high phosphorous content of the diet. Mineral bioavailability was not affected by the phytic acid and phosphorous present in the RC.


The comprehensive evaluation of circular economy on animal husbandry is an important measure of the degree of sustainable development,this paper defines the principle of AHP to establish mathematical model of comprehensive evaluation of circular economy on animal husbandry,the specific steps of AHP is described in more detail,and some existing problems were summarized in this paper.According to some examples,proof of AHP in circular economy on animal husbandry of comprehensive evaluation is feasibility,which can play the role of decision in relevant departments of animal husbandry in policy.


The next wave is already upon us, although it still has a very long way to run. White collar work is now well on the way to commoditization. The combination of an aging population, the increased codification of work through the standardization of processes, the increasing sophistication and scope and scale of IT systems and the availability of a cheap and well educated labour force from across the world means that much of the routine work that is now undertaken by well paid staffers will eventually be automated, outsourced, offshored or executed by less expensive personnel. Be warned, this is not just about the simple and routine activities undertaken by administrative personnel. As we will see later, most white collar work is potentially up for grabs, including lawyers, consultants and even surgeons. In fact, any work which does not require high level expertise has the potential to be commoditized.


We analyze simultaneous visible, ultraviolet (UV), and X‐ray auroral images of an isolated substorm on January 25, 1998. The total precipitating electron energy flux and mean energy extracted near substorm maximum from each of the imagers are in acceptable agreement. The expansion phase visible, UV, and X‐ray emissions are morphologically similar, with the brightest emissions coming from the auroral surge. However, during the recovery phase, there are regions of bright X‐ray emissions near local midnight and dawn that do not correspond to obvious features in the visible and UV images. X‐ray energy analysis in these regions reveals a high energy (∼30–100 keV) component of the precipitating electron population that contributes ∼30% of the total electron energy flux. The temporal development of the X rays indicates that the dawn emissions originate in a drifting electron population, while the newly revealed midnight emissions originate in a continuous injection of energetic electrons in a narrow local time region.


New Zealand has a unique combination of geographical position, terrain, weather and al- pine users that makes forecasting, communicating and managing avalanche hazards as challenging as anywhere in the world. A national avalanche safety programme has been running in New Zealand for al- most 40 years, managed and delivered by the New Zealand Mountain Safety Council (MSC) and their partners using multiple interlinking initiatives to increase the safety of people participating in the outdoors. Research and evaluation play an important part in the direction, ongoing development and funding of the programme. Although we may not know exactly how many accidents are prevented, the use of interna- tional research and consultation plus local evaluation allows us to reach some conclusions as to the soundness and effectiveness of the programme. In other words, while we dont knowhow many ship- wrecks does a lighthouse prevent? � (Woodbury, G, 2005) good design and effective positioning gives us confidence that lives are saved due to these preventative measures The New Zealand Avalanche Programme has been developed over time by taking the most relevant ide- as from around the world and applying them to the unique local situation by using McCammon (2008) Precaution Adoption Process Model. The models five stages of users and mediators of change have been used as a framework for linking these ideas to the local professional and recreational user groups. This combination of public outreach, social media use, education, backcountry advisories, an Info-Ex and strong sector engagement has resulted in a steady increase in the use, reach and effectiveness of the New Zealand programme.


The effects of three manure treatments on estrogen removal (E2 and E3) were examined in this study. Samples were taken from a full-scale manure handling system incorporating manure separation and aeration (System I), an anaerobic digester receiving dairy manure (System II), and anaerobic slurry from three commercial dairy farms (System III). E2 and E3 were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Significant differences were found in the ratios of estrogens to total solids in land-applied manure among the three treatment systems (P 0.05) was significantly decreased in System II, although it is unclear whether this removal was due to biodegradation or sorption to sludge. Future work will focus on this question, as well as the effect of treatment on total estrogenic activity. Manure treatment systems designed for nutrient management purposes also influence the estrogen content of land applied waste.


The changing dynamics of agricultural lands throughout 2005-2020 has been investigated. Transformation of agricultural lands is related to various unresolved legislative issues.
According to the research results the efficient use of agricultural lands is interfered with the current legislative environment, degradation factor, huge amount of unused soils registered in the agricultural land assets and soil fragmentation. To eliminate the mentioned factors and to reduce their effect, it is necessary to make legislative changes and to implement land management activities.


Adsorbate molecules usually carry electric dipole moments, and the magnitude can be engineered by adding polar groups. This paper investigates the dynamic domain pattern formation of multilayer dipolar molecules on a substrate under the guidance of external electric fields. The simulations reveal self-alignment, pattern conformation and the reduction of feature size in multilayer systems. A novel approach of transporting molecules on a substrate surface by reconfigurable molecular vehicles and embedded electrodes is proposed.


In recent years Internet Of Things (IoT) has become a major turning point in many parts of our day-to-day life and is being actively used in countering everyday problems. Various sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, home appliances, etc. are being optimized with the utilization of IoT. One of such sectors that have drifted towards advancement is poultry farming. There are various types of poultry farming such as Broiler poultry farming, layer poultry farming, and country chicken farming, However, in this paper, we exclusively deal with broiler poultry and the problems encountered in farming them. It is essential to constantly monitor and regulate Temperature and Humidity to keep the chickens in a favorable environment. It is also highly required to ensure proper and timely feeding of chickens and controlled management of litter. To achieve this and overcome problems faced in these parameters we utilize IoT which is more efficient in gathering this real-time data and meeting the requirements in a more conducive way which is difficult for a poultry farmer to collect manually. The gathered data is stored and then processed and then measures are taken to increase the efficiency of the farm. And hence, the farmer becomes successful in operating and maintaining the farm at a desired and optimum condition.


The implanted device includes a rectifier circuit which is switched between modes of half wave and full wave rectification in response to the signal to be conveyed. The external device is inductively coupled to the implanted device through a pair of coils, one coil being embedded beneath the skin, forming the primary and secondary windings of a transformer. The external device delivers energy to the implanted device in amounts which vary in accordance with the rectification mode of the implanted device. By monitoring the energy delivered, the external device determines the rectification modes as they are switched and thereby ascertains the signal being conveyed from the implanted device.


Visuospatial working memory is often assessed using the Corsi block-tapping task where set size is used to estimate capacity. It is well established that characteristics of the Corsi task path configuration such as length, crossings, and angles influence recall accuracy suggesting that more complex path configurations increase the load on working memory. However, the interaction between set size and path configuration is not well understood. Here we used a secondary auditory task to probe if set size and path configuration impose a similar type of load on the system. Nineteen participants (age = 25.3 ± 3.9 years) performed a computerized version of the Corsi test either alone (single) or simultaneously with an auditory tone discrimination task (dual). The eCorsi task involved a set of simple (no crosses, shorter lengths, larger angles) or complex (>2 crosses, longer lengths, smaller angles) paths at set sizes of five to eight blocks. Results showed significantly lower recall accuracy for the complex compared to the simple paths (63.32% vs. 86.38%, p < 0.001) at all set sizes, regardless of task condition (single, dual). Auditory performance (accuracy and response time) was significantly lower in the dual compared to single task (85.34% vs. 99.67%, p < 0.001), but performance was not affected by the complexity of the eCorsi path configuration. These findings suggest that set size and path complexity impose a different type of load on the working memory system and may rely on different resources.


This paper introduces the extraction of speech features realizing noise robustness for speech recognition. It also explores advanced speech analysis techniques named RSF (Running Spectrum Filtering)/DRA (Dynamic Range Adjustment) in detail. The new experiments on phase recognition were carried out using 40 male and female speakers for training and 5 other male and female speakers for recognition. The result of recognition rate is improved from 17% to 63% under car noise at -10dB SNR for example. It shows the high noise robustness of the proposed system. In addition, the new parallel/pipelined LSI design of the system is proposed. It considerably reduces the calculation time. Using this architecture, the real time speech recognition can be developed. For this system, both of full-custom LSI design and FPGA design are introduced.


Abstract This review covers research linking foraging habitat quality for birds to livestock management in lowland farmland. Based on this research we propose a framework for predicting the value of grazing systems to birds. This predictive framework is needed to guide the development of agri-environment measures to address farmland bird declines in pastoral areas. We show that the exacting requirements of declining granivorous birds pose the greatest challenges, while the needs of soil invertebrate feeding species are more easily met.


The Wiener process is widely used in the degradation modeling, life prediction, and maintenance decision of products in aerospace, high-speed rail and marine field. In the basic Wiener process model, the drift parameter represents the degradation rate and the diffusion parameter represents the degradation fluctuation, and they are independent of each other, which is not conform to the laws of physics and existing research experience. According to the physical knowledge and the widely known accelerated degradation test experience, when the environmental stress level increases, the degradation rate and degradation fluctuation of the product will increase accordingly. Thus, there is a positive correlation between the rate parameter and the diffusion parameter in the Wiener process model. Ignoring this positive correlation of the drift parameter and the diffusion parameter in Wiener process will lead to imprecise degradation modeling and life prediction results. In this paper, a novel parameter-related Wiener process model is proposed by considering the positive correlativity between the drift and the diffusion parameter. The statistical properties of the novel parameter-related Wiener process model are derived. The method proposed in this paper is demonstrated by applied to a set of ageing test data of rubber. First, the ageing path is simulated based on the proposed model. Then, the remaining useful life of the rubber is predicted using the novel parameter-related Wiener process model proposed in this paper. The predicted results are compared with those of the basic Wiener process model, with the following conclusions:


Tara Smith, Youth Services Manager at Cherokee Public Library shares experiences of preparing grants and their potential benefits, as well provides resources to help with finding and writing grants. This column is available in South Carolina Libraries: http://scholarcommons.sc.edu/scl_journal/vol1/iss1/7


An optical-optical double resonance (OODR) technique has been employed to determine the rotational quantum number and vibronic symmetry of NO 2 in the region of 563-566 nm. The first excitation step corresponds to the intermediate 2 B 2 ←X~ 2 A 1 (0,0,0) transition of a parallel type. The lowest rotational levels are identical with those of the 17 713.203-cm -1 vibronic band reported by Delon et al. from their jet-cooled LIF experiment [J. Chem. Phys. 1991, 95, 5701]


Field studies were performed to develop and evaluate emission factors for a parts-washing operation using toluene. Ventilation, process, and air concentration data were collected first for the development of an emission factor, then later for evaluation studies. Air concentrations and ventilation rates were used in mass balance models to determine emission rates. The average emission rate was 5.4 grams toluene per minute. The modeled emission rates compared favorably with estimates of toluene use. Emission and process rates were used to develop emission factors. The emission factor for parts washing was 1.6 mg toluene per square centimeter of part washed (r2=0.41, p <0.05). To evaluate this emission factor, process data and ventilation measurements were collected 6 months later to predict air concentrations. Predicted concentrations near the source ranged from 0 to 320 mg/m3, and for the rest of the plant from 0 to 2.8 mg/m3. Concentration measurements were taken but were not available until after the pre...


N 1979 Kaukinen et al. (1) begun the studies on the I perioperative use of alpha-2-adrenergic agonists. Since then hundreds of reports on their anaesthesiological usefulness have been published. Especially in the last 10 years there has been an explosion of papers in this area. Do alpha-Zagonists point to a new area in the development of anaesthesia and, first of all, do they represent a real advance in every-day clinical practice? A better question is why their wide acceptance in human anaesthesia is still lacking, and why even those producing scientific papers on their evaluation are not using them routinely? Alpha-Zagonists appear to have several clinically important properties, such as sedative, anxiolytic, antisialogogue, cardiovascularly stabilizing, anaesthetic-sparing, analgesic and sympatholytic effects. However, the fact is that only a few of the millions of general anaesthetics delivered to patients every year include the use of these agents. In trying to realize the full clinical promise of alpha-2-agonists, in 1991 Maze and Tranquilli (2) concluded that "when the dust settles, we shall see whether we are riding a horse or an ass". Now the dust has settled. The preoperative sedative and anxiolytic effects of clonidine (3) and dexmedetomidine (4) have been comparable with those of benzodiazepines, but it is unlikely that alpha-Zagonists will replace these pure sedative and anxiolytic agents, with minimal to no haemodynamic effects. In addition, in larger doses older alpha-2-agonists may produce anxiogenic responses through non-selective activation of alpha-lreceptors (5). The reduction in salivary flow and gastric acid secretion caused by alpha-2-agonists (2) is not superior to that produced by usual anticholinergic agents. Similarly, the cardiovascular stability (2,4) during anaesthesia can be guaranteed with many usual drugs, such as opioids and inhalational agents. The central action of alpha-2-agonistst by decreasing sympathetic and increasing parasympathetic outflow from the CNS, produces sympatholysis, hypotension and bradycardia. Sinus bradycardia (defined as heart rate less than 45 bpm) has occurred frequently and been the major adverse reaction of dexmedetomidine. In fact, up to 40% of the patients who have received this agent have been treated for bradycardia (4, 7, 8). Based on these clinically significant and often unwanted actions, the administration of anaesthetic doses of dexmedetomidine in humans appears to be impossible (9). Thus, this and other alpha2-agonists, remain anaesthetic adjuvants. The ability of alpha-Zagonists to blunt the adrenergic response to the stress of major surgery is unique. The sympathetic activation may have adverse consequences for patient morbidity and mortality, and, hence, modification of such activation appears to be valuable in clinical anaesthesia. But, we are still waiting for well-designed outcome studies to prove this argument. Thus, the role of alpha-2-agonists for intraoperative use is currently unclear. After attenuation of autonomic nervous system reactions, one can no longer reliably use heart rate and blood pressure as indicators of sufficient or insufficient anaesthesia. Furthermore, excessive sympatholysis is always possible and is definitely undesirable in patients heavily dependent on central sympathetic tone for adequate circulation (hypovolaemia, haemorrhage, acute left ventricular failure). In fact, the present evidence supporting the usefulness of prominent sympatholysis is unconvincing. There are plenty of adequate anaesthesia regimens to cover this problem without blunt-


Chapter 1 Preface Chapter 2 Chapter 1: The Domain of Violence Chapter 3 Chapter 2: The Cultural Roots of Violence Chapter 4 Chapter 3: Interpersonal Violence Chapter 5 Chapter 4: Family Violence Chapter 6 Chapter 5: Religious Violence Chapter 7 Chapter 6: Economic Violence Chapter 8 Chapter 7: State Violence Chapter 9 Chapter 8: Structural Violence Chapter 10 Chapter 9: Conclusion: Violence, Inequality, and Human Freedom


This study presents a method for the identification of a set of radioactive sources of 60Co, in an industrial irradiator. This identification was requested by a Mexican regulatory authority. To fulfill this request, a method was developed to make the identification by the gamma spectrometry method. The complexity in the measurement lies in the fact that the set of sources has an activity of 500,000 Ci of 60Co and the identification is complicated because with that gamma intensity one has to have a strategy to reduce the phenomena of saturation, pile up and dead time and achieve that photopeaks generated in the gamma spectrum of the gamma energies of 60Co are clearly visible. A low efficiency and relatively high resolution CZTe detector, was selected, which was placed in an acrylic box with a collimated lead shield to carry out the measurement inside the irradiator pool to reduce scattered radiation and to be able to clearly appreciate the spectrum gamma of 60Co.


Vertical seismic profile (VSP) data from a P-wave source includes rich wavefield information, by which both the velocities of the P-wave and the velocities of the S-wave from a nearby well can be obtained. By using both synthetic data and field data, we demonstrate an approach for determining the velocities of S-waves from a nearby well by using offset VSP data of a P-wave source, and then compare the calculated velocity model with the velocity model from the real zero-offset VSP data of the S-wave source. The results demonstrate that the two models coincide well.


In this paper, we prove the existence of quasi-periodic solutions of the multidimensional nonlinear beam equation with finitely differentiable nonlinearities and quasi-periodic forcing in time.


The carcinoma of gallbladder (CG) is the most common malignant tumor in bile duct, its pathogenesis is hide; malignant degree is high ; prognosis is disappointment. Survivin is a member of the inhitor of apoptosis protein family, it has specific biological behaviors which play a important role in apoptosis and proliferation of cell and exert regulation effect on cell cycle. The excessive expression of Survivin gene has close relationship with clinic significance and carcinogenesis of CG, its expression might become one of efficient target of judging the biological behavior and prognosis of CG. The article provides a brief review of clinic new recognition about characteristics of molecalar biology of Survivin including basic structure, distribution and anti-apoptosis function and clinic significance of its abundantly expressed in CG.


The key factors of enterprise alliance lifecycle were studied based on system dynamic method,including inter-restriction,achievement,capability and compatibility.A causality diagram and a system dynamics model were established,which can reflect the growing process of enterprise alliance lifecycle.A program simulating the system dynamics model is also achieved,and the validation was inferred by a qualitative analysis.The results show that it is a workable method to research enterprise alliance lifecycle with system dynamics theorem.


Sample Size: introduction 1 How to use this guide! 3 Introduction : sample size and why it's important! 4 1. Sample size for percentages or proportions! 6 1.2 Sample sizes for studies comparing a prevalence with a hypothesised value ! 9 1.3 Sample sizes for studies comparing proportions between two groups! 12 1.4 Sample sizes for population case-control studies! 16 1.5 Sample size for logistic regression with a continuous predictor variable! 21 1.6 Sample sizes for logistic or Cox regression with multiple predictors! 24 2: Sample sizes and powers for comparing two means where the variable is measured on a continuous scale that is (more or less) normally distributed.! 27 2.1 Comparing the means of two groups! 27 2.2 Sample sizes for comparing means in the same people under two conditions ! 34 2.3 Calculating sample sizes for comparing two means: a rule of thumb! 38 3. Sample size for correlations or regressions between two variables measured on a numeric scale! 39 4. Sample size for reliability studies! 41 5. Sample size calculation for agreement between two raters using a present/ absent rating scale using Cohen's Kappa! 44 6. Sample size for pilot studies ! 48 7. Sample size for animal experiments in which not enough is known to calculate statistical power! 50 8. Sample size for qualitative research! 52 9. Resources for animal experiments! 55 9. Computer and online resources! 56


Abstract The process of glycation was studied in 12 model systems containing carbohydrates (Glc, Fru) and peptides (Gly-Gly, Gly-Phe, Phe-Gly, Gly-Lys) or acetylated amino acids (Ac-Lys, Ac-Arg) in order to clarify the role of different structural elements of the reacting components. The course of reaction was followed by the changes of the UV spectra of the reaction systems. The results show that the reactivity of the NH 2 group correlates with its p K a value. The presence of benzene ring in the amino component accelerates glycation. Strong correlation between the intensity of the fluorescence and the absorption at 325 nm was found for all reaction systems.


Extinction ratio of 4-RZ-ASK signal generated by optical parametric amplification is studied. It is demonstrated that the extinction ratio of input signal and pump power have significant effects on the extinction ratio of output signal.


The present invention relates to a method of data uplink synchronization between a mobile terminal and a server. The server modifies the stored address book data one item by one item. The present invention also relates to a method of data downlink synchronization between a mobile terminal and a server. Before the server sends address book data to the mobile terminal requesting the downlink synchronization, it performs item-by-item adaptation of the address book data according to the item's attribute and parameter supported by the mobile terminal. The present invention relates to another method of data downlink synchronization between a mobile terminal and a server. The mobile terminal, according to the received address book data, modifies the stored address book one item by one item. The present invention implements the operation on each item in the address book, the adaptation to the item's attribute and parameter of the address book according to the specific situation of the mobile terminal, and the mapping to each item according to the meaning of the attribute and parameter so as to effectively avoid information loss caused by inconsistent attributes and parameters and the operations on the record.


This study examines the controversial debate of the exclusion of adult learners' native language by reporting learners' and instructors overwhelmingly positive perceptions of its use in English for Specific Purpose (ESP) classes. In this study, multiple methods such as class observations, questionnaires and interviews were used. The research was undertaken in 14 ESP classes for the students of Engineering, Sciences and Humanities at Yazd University, Iran. Extensive qualitative and statistical analysis of the questionnaires revealed that a solid majority of learners from different academic majors and instructors responded positively regarding the use of native language as a pedagogic device for teaching various aspects of the target language. Correspondingly, class observations revealed that all the instructors teaching different academic disciplines resorted to the native language as an appropriate medium for cross-lingual, cross-cultural comparisons. Nevertheless, the results from the interview phase of the study revealed that a large majority of learners and instructors were not in favor of using the first language as a facilitating technique and as a means to reduce students' anxiety.


resource in modern therapeutics, particularly in such acute processes as pulmonary embolism, thrombophlebitis and acute arterial occlusion, where these drugs are undoubtedly of great value (1, 2). In our Vascular Diseases Service, we have had clinical experience with heparin, Dicumarol, Tromexan and Danilone. The purpose of this paper is to report our clinical experience with 3-alpha-(4-nitrophenyl)-beta-acetylethyl-hydroxycoumarin, a new anticoagulant belonging to the coumarin group.2 It is supposed that all the anticoagulants in this group act in the same way, interfering with or inhibiting the formation of prothrombin and factor VII, besides acting, probably,


Green or environmental marketing claims have increased in recent years because of potentially higher profits for companies. The aim of this study was to identify the environmental marketing claims for which consumers are willing to pay higher prices. The specific claims investigated in this study were: using organic fibers or recycled textile fibers; sustainable manufacturing; companies donating to green organizations; and using fair trade and labor practices. A quantitative survey of college students in the Midwestern US revealed that a company's environmental marketing claims – particularly with regard to manufacturing with organic fibers and donating to green organizations – resulted in decreased consumer price sensitivity. The theory of reasoned action served as the framework for the study. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for further research are presented.


It is repeatedly claimed that the labour theory of value is fatally flawed. Whether as a result of this claim, or as is more likely a change in the intellectual atmosphere, there has in recent years been little debate of the merits and weaknesses of the labour theory of value. The principal objective of this thesis is to re-examine a number of the flaws more widely debated in an earlier period and to show that the claim that the labour theory of value is flawed is false. The thesis claims that the work of Marx represents thus far the single most important contribution to the development of the labour theory of value. This contribution is contrasted with that of the Classical political economists, most notably Adam Smith and David Ricardo. An examination is made of the works of Smith and Ricardo which demonstrates that the flaws within their labour theory of value are attributable to the shortcomings of their wider theoretical endeavours. In particular, they fail to identify the nature of value-creating labour; examine the role of the value-form and explain cogently the quantitative determination of value. Marx's work is then examined with each of these points as a pivot of reference. The thesis concludes by drawing the three strands of analysis together to demonstrate that, against a history of criticism, Marx's theory presents a structured coherent whole, largely immune to the criticisms made of it, both from without and within the Marxist tradition of political economy.


The idea of model transformation by example (MTBE) is to use an example of the transformation to derive transformation rules. Although some works propose automatic and semi-automatic approaches, there are some limitations to use them in practice. As a result, depending on the model transformation it may be necessary to apply an MTBE approach manually. Therefore, this work presents a manual MTBE method. It also describes an example of its use in a stakeholder requirements to software requirements transformation, which was the motivation to create the method.


We studied the partial discharge detecting by sensing electromagnetic wave emitted from the partial discharge source in the HV Rotating Machine with UWB sensor. In this study, we design new type of compact low frequency UWB sensor based on micro-strip technology and make many experiments of offline and dismantled testing compare with the existing HFCT on stator winding of HV generator in the laboratory. We mentioned detail design of new compact UWB sensor design and time domain and frequency domain results of partial discharge in stator winding of 6.6kV rotating machine by offline testing in laboratory.


An instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis of the levitation effect in zeolites is presented in this paper. Lennard-Jones sorbates of variable size and polarizability diffusing in Na−Y zeolite are studied using microcanonical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A comparison of the dynamical information from the MD simulations with predictions based on INM analysis shows that the INM spectrum carries several striking signatures of the levitation effect. The fraction of imaginary modes mirrors the trend in the diffusion coefficient as a function of sorbate size and shows an anomalous levitation peak. The Einstein frequency, as a function of sorbate size, shows a minimum at the position of the anomalous peak. The qualitative shape of the INM spectrum changes in the anomalous regime, reflecting the availability of 12-ring window sites for adsorption, in addition to the α-cage sites. The velocity autocorrelation functions of the sorbate are well-reproduced from INM data for short time scales of one picosecon...


Aging is determined by the complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiome determines many age-related changes, including immune system dysregulation and disease susceptibility. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the gut microbiome in 23 people of an elderly group living in Belarus. The genetic analysis of biological material was carried out by metagenomic analysis using the high-throughput sequencing technology from Illumina. The most demonstrated components in the studied microbiome samples included Ruminococcaceae and Verrucomicrobiaceae representatives. In the study group, it was
found that with aging, the number of bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family decreases in a patient, and there is also a tendency to a decrease in the number of bacteria of the Erysipelotrichaceae family.


Usually the carbon steel wire contains about 0.1% copper, but an investigation was made on copper bearing steel wire in which the copper content was made greater than that of carbon steel wire in order to increase the corrosion resistance of the wire itself. In view of the corrosion resistance and the rolling crack, a copper content of 0.34% was adopted as the copper content of the copper bearing steel wire. In this investigation, the corrosion resistance properties and the mechanical properties, particularly the fatigue property of the cold-drawn copper bearing steel wire and the cold-drawn carbon steel wire containing the same compositions except copper were measured. These wires tested contained 0.46% carbon and the diameters were 1.3mm.In the corrosion test and the tensile test, the copper bearing steel wire had an excellent resistance against the rust corrosion and the acid corrosion and also had a higher tensile strength than the carbon steel wire. The fatigue test was carried out with the Hunter fatigue testing machine, and as a result of the test it was proved that the fatigue limit under rotating bending of the copper bearing steel wire was 7% higher in the as-drawn condition and 6% higher in the 250°C annealed condition than that of the carbon steel wire, and also that the fatigue ratio of the copper bearing steel wire was about 3% larger in both condition than that of the carbon steel wire.From the results obtained by the corrosion test and the fatigue test, it is deduced that the copper bearing steel wire will have remarkably higher corrosion fatigue strength than the carbon steel wire, and consequently that the strand and the rope produced by the copper bearing steel wire will have greater durability.


Abstract Hardy and Ward's work reminds us that there was an important tradition of self‐build housing in Great Britain in the 1920s and 1930s. The lotissements of the Paris region represent a similar working class style of autonomous housing in the same era. Just as John Turner and others were celebrating this method of low‐cost housing production as an answer to the problems of shelter in the Third World, planning systems in the First World were systematically crushing it. But the new emphasis on community design may mean a belated return to it.


Monte Carlo is appropriate to provide reference solution because of its ability to deal with continuous energy cross sections and explicit geometry. In addition, Monte Carlo method is improved by developments of parallel computing remarkably so that it can be used for the whole-core transport analysis. In order to utilize Monte Carlo methods for the whole-core transport analysis, multi-physics calculation such as coupling of neutronics and thermal hydraulics (T/H) is required. McCARD [1] developed by Seoul National University has established the T/H feedback calculation algorithm which coupled neutronics calculation and T/H calculation iteratively [2] and verified by multi-group whole-core transport solutions [3]. At that time, however, Monte Carlo method could not generate Doppler broadened cross sections during the simulations so that it just utilized the pre-generated cross section libraries with fine temperature interval. In recent years, on-the-fly Doppler broadening methods [4-8] are developed and applied to Monte Carlo codes and thus T/H feedback calculation becomes possible without significant errors of cross sections. McCARD has implemented three on-the fly Doppler broadening methods which are SIGMA1 kernel [9], Leal-Hwang Doppler broadening (LHDB) [10,11] and Gauss-Hermite quadrature (GHQ) [4]. In this study, GHQ method in McCARD is applied to 3-D hot zero power (HZP) assembly of the CASL/VERA core physics benchmark progression problem [12]. In addition, iterative T/H feedback algorithm with GHQ method is utilized to analyze 3-D hot full power (HFP) assembly of the VERA benchmark and validated.


In the proposed work presented in the paper, adaptive equalizer for MIMO-OFDM system is designed using neural network with functional expansions and neural weights are adjusted using sparse adaptive filter with block processing of input samples. By introducing l0-norm sparsity in the cost function of the block RLS (BRLS), equalization can be achieved for MIMO wireless channels with a comparatively less computational load. Nakagami-m fading channel model is used to represent the dispersive nature of fading wireless channel. 16-QAM constellation format is used to modulate the incoming data. The most important contribution of the paper lies in the inclusion of norm based sparsity in equalizer design which yields a low bit error rate (BER) and mean square error (MSE) even in low SNR conditins.


It is not intended to enter into a detailed discussion of the diagnosis and treatment of individual cycling injuries as the injuries that one is likely to see are not the exclusive prerogative of the cycling fraternity. They include practically every known orthopaedic lesion and cover a spectrum of disability ranging from the trivial to the fatal. It is much more important to discuss the various possibilities, in general terms the cause and prevention of cycling injuries.


The presence of B chromosomes is reported in Festuca altaica Trin., where a plant with relatively wide and often flat leaves had a chromosome number of 2n = 4x = 28; an adjacent plant, with conspicuously narrow and tightly rolled leaves, had 2n = 4x = 28 + 2B chromosomes. A first chromosome count of 2n = 42 is reported for Festuca rubra L. ssp. densiuscula (Hackel) Piper, along with observations on the nomenclature and morphology of this west coast subspecies. A first chromosome count for a North American plant of Festuca brevissima Jurtzev is 2n = 14. Collections made in northern Yukon were compared with the type borrowed from Leningrad and with the distribution of this species relative to the other North American diploid Festuca, Festuca aggr. auriculata Drob. A collection of Festuca brachyphylla Schultes from northern Yukon had a chromosome number of 2n = 42, and unusual morphology and phenology were interpreted as the result of a snow patch habitat. A second record for Festuca dasyclada Hackel ex. Bea...


of Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science ILLEGAL MOVES AS A SOURCE OF PROBLEM DIFFICUTLY By Martin E. Knowles May 2004 Chair: Peter F. Delaney Major Department: Psychology I present two experiments exploring the role of illegal moves in problem solving and the contribution of illegal alternatives to problem difficulty. In both experiments, I attempted to find out if having participants think aloud while working on a problem would affect problem solving ability. I also attempted to assess which individual differences contributed to problem solving efficiency and in what way. Participants' data were also analyzed to evaluate if learning occurred throughout the problem, as demonstrated by a reduction in legal and illegal moves in the second half of the problem. Individual states of the problem were examined in detail to determine if states differentially affected problem difficulty. Finally, in the second experiment, the cost of executing an illegal move was increased to determine if the number of illegal moves executed could be reduced without manipulating the interface or problem space. In both experiments, participants solved the Hobbits and Orcs isomorph of a river crossing problem, which consisted of three hobbits, three orcs, a river and a boat. After learning the rules, participants were asked to work on the problem either silently or while


This paper studied the functional properties of soy protein isolate(SPI) with different molecular weight ranges after hydrolyzing. The EA and ES were 176.9 mL/g and 120min, which were maximum with MW between 1000~2000D.The water-holding was the greater, reached to 66.2% with the MW less than 1000D, and the viscidity of the maximum with MW greater than 4000D was 1.8cp. The rate of oil-holding with MW greater than 4000D ranges was 378.42%.


Interline power flow controller (IPFC) is proposed a new concept for the compensation and effective power flow management of multi-line transmission system. In addition, a supplementary controller for a novel modelling IPFC to damped out low frequency oscillations with considering four alternative damping controllers are proposed. In this project selection of effectiveness damping control signal for the design of robust IPFC damping controller to variations in system loading and faults in the power system are discussed. The presented control scheme not only performs damping oscillations but also the independent inter line power flow control can be achieved. MATLAB simulation results verify the effectiveness of IPFC and its control strategy to enhance dynamic stability.


Objective To evaluate the effect of telephone follow-up on the recovery and self-care ability in the discharged patients with stroke. Methods A total of 218 discharged patients with stroke were divided into two groups.The patients in the experimental group received telephone follow-up in addition to routine health education before discharge. Result Within one year after discharge,the relapse rate in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group (4.58% vs 12.5%,P0.05). Conclusions The practice of continuous health education by telephone follow-up can improve the patients' compliance and satisfaction,and reduce the relapse rate.


Structural Concrete Insulated Panels (SCIPs) are relatively new addition to construction industry. SCIPs have previously been used in construction of residential, commercial, and military structures. Despite applications overseas and a few in the United States, SCIPs have still remained a relatively unknown construction methodology among structural engineers in the United States and other countries. SCIPs offer advantages such as fast construction, lightweight, thermal insulation, sound insulation, cost-efficiency, and good seismic and wind performance. These advantages make SCIPs a competitive construction methodology compared to traditional wood and masonry construction. In this study, the SCIP construction is introduced, followed by experimental results from full-scale testing of 14 SCIPs slab and wall panels under gravity and lateral loads. 11 full-scale slabs, ranging from 3-5.5 m (10-18 ft.) span, are tested under four-point bending tests in accordance with ASTM standards. The strength, ductility, and failure pattern of the panels are discussed. In addition, the adequacy of splicing details for SCIP slab panels are investigated experimentally using three 5.5 m (18 ft.) slab panels. Three full-scale cantilever wall panels are tested under quasi-static cyclic loading in accordance with ACI seismic testing load protocols. The wall-to-footing connection is a socket connection. This is a novel type of connection for precast wall connection in seismic regions. Experimental results and observations from testing of slab and wall panels showed good strength, ductility, and performance of the specimens.


This study aims to measure the extent to which the company's performance during the post-covid recovery period. This study involved business owners in the food and beverage sector in Gorontalo as respondents, because this sector was quite affected by the social restriction policy in order to break the chain of virus spread. The research method used is a quantitative method. The research data was collected using a questionnaire containing 30 questions about the condition of the company when the restriction policy was implemented and about the condition of the company after the recovery. The results showed that as long as the restrictions were applied, the company had difficulty serving customers. Due to limited operational time and decreased number of visits. Respondents admitted that at the beginning of the implementation of the restrictions, the company's revenue had experienced a contraction. However, entering the recovery period, the company's condition began to improve. Statistical analysis also proves that the company's performance is influenced by the implementation of social restriction policies. The results of the study concluded that the implementation of the PSBB policy had a significant effect on business performance in the food and beverage sector in Gorontalo. The effect given by the implementation of PSBB on company performance is 39.1%.


This paper describes a course on database construction which is given at the Department of Library and Information Studies, Faculty of Information and Communication, General Polytechnic of Amsterdam. The course is based on the results of an experiment carried out two years ago, which in turn was based on a research project. A brief description is given of a refresher course for practitioners on the same subject, which was derived from the standard programme. 1 Education for library and infonnation science in the Netherlands For the benefit of the non-Dutch reader it is first necessary to outline the content, level and organization of education for library and information science in the Netherlands. A large variety of courses and programmes exists, from correspondence courses at a clerical level to a university degree. The Faculty of Information and Communication (FIC) is one of six institutes for education in library and information science which are incorporated in a hogeschool (comparable to a British polytechnic), and which offer full-time and part-time undergraduate courses in library and information science. It takes four years to complete the full-time course, and three or five years for the part-time course, depending on the student's entrance level. The qualification obtained is a diploma which is the equivalent of a bachelor's degree. The FIC also offers a full-time undergraduate course in bookselling and publishing. Some years ago the courses were fundamentally restructured and the content thoroughly altered, a process fully reported in the professional literature [1]. However, a summary of the main points will assist the reader to follow this article. Five main subject areas were defined in the restructuring: A. General theory of information provision (aspects of production, transfer and * Formerly the Frederik Muller Akademie. 0167-8329/91/$03.50 © 1991 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. 40 J.H.E. van der Starre / A teaching module on database construction use of information; economic and sociological characteristics of information producers and users, etc.) B. Communication (aspects of gauging the information needs of a user or group of users, etc.) C. Exploring information (survey and critical use of formal and informal sources; methods for selection and holdings policy; cataloguing and subject indexing, etc.) D. Management (types and structures of organizations; development of policy and planning; marketing; public relations, etc.) E. General knowledge (specific subjects, such as environment, welfare, government, culture). A choice of three graduating subjects is offered in the fourth year: (1) information transfer and services; (2) information retrieval and technology; and (3) information management and administration. Apart from some introductory lessons, automation is not taught as a separate subject. It cuts across the main subject areas and graduating subjects and is incorporated in the curriculum as and when appropriate. For example, in the subject area Communication, attention is given to desktop publishing techniques, as well as to subjects such as introducing novice users to the library. In the subject area Management, management information systems are an issue alongside personnel management. As the integration of automation in all the subjects taught (if applicable) is the starting point of our curriculum development, a separate course on database construction would appear to be in strong contradiction with that. Our normal approach to curriculum development would entail starting at, for instance, the subject of cataloguing, and then bringing in aspects of automation. However, we consider automation to be so important that we want to devote extra time to it, in order to demonstrate to students the tremendous influence which these technological developments can have on traditional aspects of library work such as cataloguing or acquisition. In this way, in fact, we integrate different aspects of librarianship (presentation of information, user communications, etc.) under a common denominator: automation. 2 Considerations for a course on database construction First of all, it must be established what is meant by the word 'database.' I do not feel it necessary to give a definition which will satisfy every reader, but will confine myself to a working definition: a database is a systematic collection of interrelated data which are electronically stored for the purpose of different applications and which can be accessed directly. In other words, an online catalogue, the ERIC database and the address file of the local tennis club are all databases. But is it not sufficient that graduates are able to use these systems easily and that they have experience in their use? In the case of automation we strongly believe that this can only be achieved if the graduate has a thorough understanding of the J.H.E. van der Starre / A teaching module on database construction 41 structure of a database and particularly of the ways in which a database publisher works and the decisions he has to make. Another argument is that graduates may be confronted with having to build a system themselves, or at least with having to draw up specifications; local information systems are an expanding market nowadays. These ideas are reflected in some of the final objectives of our education programme: (1) graduates should have insight into, and be capable of orienting themselves into, the national and international market of automated facilities for information retrieval; (2) they should have a thorough understanding of the possibilities and limitations of these automated facilities; (3) they should be capable of using automated retrieval systems, either as experienced end-users or information intermediaries; (4) graduates should have insight into the organizational consequences of intensive use of automated facilities-a graduate who has a diploma in information management and administration must have a thorough knowledge of and experience with these activities; (5) graduates must be capable of taking well-considered decisions regarding the choice of automated facilities, and if no suitable product is available, they must be able to plan and develop a simple system: the graduate in information retrieval systems and technology must be capable of planning and implementing a complex system, while the graduate in information management and administration must be able to implement a management information system for a library or documentation centre; (6) graduates must be capable of managing databases (large databases in the case of graduates in information retrieval systems and technology). Of course, we would not expect recently graduated students to be able to design and implement a large and complex system for a library or documentation centre, but they should be able to assist meaningfully in such a project, or design and implement simple systems on their own. 3 Objectives of the third-year course on database construction From the programme's final objectives we derived some specific objectives for the course on database construction: (1) students should understand the different types of databases and their qualities, and be able to differentiate between numeric, bibliographic and full-text databases; (2) they should be capable of judging databases with respect to the quality of construction and to the restrictions which are implemented due to the design or due to the functionality of the software (we try to confront students with the restrictions by letting them discover that they have to include restrictions themselves); (3) students must be able to draft specifications for a simple database, which 42 J.H.E. van der Starre / A teaching module on database construction requires a working knowledge of the various stages of design and of the techniques used; (4) they must be able to judge the qualities of the software for bibliographic and full-text databases (this objective in fact integrates the previous ones, as students will become aware of the quality of the software as they discover to their cost how unruly and unmanageable software can be); (5) students should be able, with the assistance of the lecturer, to transform specifications (see objective 3) into a functional database: assistance is necessary because an educational situation does not allow them sufficient time to discover all the possibilities of the software (note that the lecturer must have a more in-depth knowledge to assist with the implementation); (6) students should be able, again with the assistance of the lecturer, to test the database for quality, usefulness and conformity with the original specifications: assistance is necessary here because there is not enough time to provide the amount of input which is necessary for testing; (7) the student must have an understanding of what database producers have to take into account when determining their policy: management aspects and cost-effectiveness are important in this respect. 4 Experimental programme The programme described here is based on an experiment, which in turn was based on a research project. In 1986 the FIC carried out a research project on database construction, in which we went through the whole process of building a database, while monitoring the implications for our curriculum. In this way we were able to identify the essential elements and the techniques to be used (data analysis, selection of software, organizing input of data, project management, etc.). The resulting inventory formed the basis for the experimental course on database construction. The programme of this experimental course was as follows: Day


We demonstrate a simple analytic argument that may be used to bound the Lévy concentration function of a sum of independent random variables. The main application is a version of a recent inequality due to Rudelson and Vershynin [2].


With shan xi province west hill jin xing energy LLC rapid development,electromechanical material consumption is becoming more and more.How to reduce electromechanical material operating cost becomes more and more important In the large-scale enterprise' production process to increase input/output maximum benefit rate is the goal,this text analyses and discusses how to reduce electromechanical material operating cost and increase enterprise turnover rate of funds.


The present study describes the impact of cutting speed and various lubricant-cooling process agents on the temperature of alloy turning. The research was conducted for NiCr20TiAl and N07750 nickel alloys with the help of HG30 and HS123 carbide-tipped cutting tools. New lubricant-cooling process agents with nanodispersed diamond graphite additives are studied. The optimal composition of the diamond graphite additives is revealed when cutting these alloys. It is demonstrated on the basis of tests the positive effect of diamond graphite agents on the quantitative changes in measured cutting temperatures. In doing so, the cutting speed and the lubricant-cooling agents applied to the cutting zone have little impact on the nature of temperature patterns.


Screening guidelines for blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) exist for adults but not for children. To determine whether adult screening criteria apply


Completion and incompletion of tasks influence the recall of those tasks. Ego psychologists have interpreted in terms of a repression mechanism the observation that recall of completed tasks was better than that of incompleted tasks under a stressf~~l situation (Rosenzweig, 1943). However, selective recall has been related to pleasant-unpleasant toned feeling (White, 1936). This writer examined the effects of completion-incompletion and pleasant-unpleasant toned feeling of tasks on selective recall. Ss were 39 college students, and the experimental situation was an instruction-induced stressful situation. Half the tasks (puzzles) were completed, and the other half were incompleted. Ss were required incidentally to recall the names of puzzles about 5 min. after they had finished their tasks. Then they also were required to evaluate the tasks on a 3-point pleasant-unpleasant scale (pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant ) . The results were as follows. (a) The relation between completion-incompletion and feeling tone of tasks was statistically significant (x" 39.780; 9 p > 0.05, X" 2.981; 0.30 > p > 0.20), there was a tendency for pleasantly toned tasks to be recalled more frequently.


Data utility and data privacy are serious issues that must be considered when datasets are utilized in big data analytics such that they are traded off. That is, the datasets have high data utility and often have high risks in terms of privacy violation issues. To balance the data utility and the data privacy in datasets when they are provided to utilize in big data analytics, several privacy preservation models have been proposed, e.g., k-Anonymity, l-Diversity, t-Closeness, Anatomy, k-Likeness, and (lp1, . . . , lpn)-Privacy. Unfortunately, these privacy preservation models are highly complex data models and still have data utility issues that must be addressed. To rid these vulnerabilities of these models, a new privacy preservation model is proposed in this work. It is based on aggregate query answers that can guarantee the confidence of the range and the number of values that can be re-identified. Furthermore, we show that the proposed model is more effcient and effective in big data analytics by using extensive experiments.


Ten young men and women performed different workloads (25-50% of VO2max) on a bicycle in ambient temperatures of 25, 35 and 45°C. Air velocity (V a) and water vapour pressure (P a) were kept constant (V a = 0.25 m s−1; p a = 2.3 k Pa). The subjects determined themselves the time and duration of the successive work and rest phases but had to perform at least 60min of cycling during the 180 min of exposure. The whole working duration was spontaneously split up into one to six working phases whose durations ranged from 9 to 146 min. Whatever the number of working phases, the duration of the last phase was about 50% of the first one, and the duration decrease occurring with exposure time was nearly proportional to the order number of the working periods. For a given pattern of work-rest cycles, work finally stops at a constant critical heart rate level. This level depends on experimental conditions and on subjects.


sample of Cumberland at his thorniest is especially ironic, since his chief concern was a theory of comedy to support his own benevolent comedies. He was replying to the charge that his comedy was (without acknowledgement) based on ShadwelFs Squire of Alsatia, and above all, to what he saw as an attack on him in "An Essay on the Theatre, or a Comparison between Laughing and Sentimental Comedy," published in the Westminster Magazine, 1 January 1773. Both the tone of the dedication and Cumberland's unconvincing denial that he had borrowed from Shadwell provided Sheridan with material for his devastating portrait of Cumberland as Sir Fretful Plagiary in The Critic. The reply to "An Essay on the Theatre," however, was much more than a demonstration of spleen and wounded vanity. It was a serious attempt to challenge certain widely accepted ideas about the development and the nature of comedy. The "Dedication to Detraction" addressed in this one personified abstraction all those who had attacked Cumberland -


Orientation and temperature dependence of dielectric and electromechanical properties of Mn-doped (Li,Na,K)(Nb,Ta)O3 single crystals were investigated. Samples exhibited very low dielectric losses, with tanδ between 0.03 and 0.05 over a broad temperature range between room temperature and 480 °C. Influences of the crystallographic structure and external electric field on polarization and strain parameters are discussed. The orientation-dependent electrical properties were ascribed to the anisotropic polarization rotation in the crystals. Higher maximum polarization, coercive field, and negative strain were achieved when the electric field was oriented along one of the spontaneous polarization directions. The highest maximum unipolar strain of 0.42% (at 3 kV/mm) and the normalized strain d33* of 1391 pm/V were obtained in the [001]PC-oriented sample at 100 °C, which was much higher than the values obtained for the [110]PC-oriented sample. Further insight of the phase transition behavior is given by compari...


For real-time dispatching control in transit terminals, the holding time for each ready vehicle is optimized on the basis of predicted arrival delays of late vehicles and other factors such as expected transfer volumes and vehicle operating costs. Holding times for each ready vehicle are optimized with the proposed numerical approach, which evaluates the dispatching decision at frequent intervals for ready vehicles by evaluating a dispatching objective function. That function is computed by numerically integrating relevant probability distributions. The numerical results can provide general dispatching guidelines. However, the dispatching algorithms are efficient enough to be used in real time for each decision.


A new low voltage ride-through(LVRT) improvement scheme for fixed-speed wind turbines(FSWTs) based on converters is proposed.The scheme adopts back-to-back full power converters.The generator-side converter is used to stabilize the stator voltage while the grid-side converter is used to stabilize the DC bus voltage and export reactive current.Active power balance and reactive power compensation of FSWTs under fault conditions are realized.A new control strategy for generator-side converter is proposed considering the characteristic of FSWTs,which takes the stator voltage as control target and uses double closed-loop control of voltage and current to restrain the oscillation caused by the generator-side filter circuit.Simulation model of the 780 kW FSWT is developed with MATLAB/Simulink,and the experiment is carried out on a 110 kW motor platform.The results validate the proposed scheme.


Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a severe, rare, predominantly mucocutaneous, autosomal recessive bleeding disorder. GT patients have normal platelet counts and morphology, but show absent/severely reduced platelet aggregation owing to defective function/absence of the fibrinogen receptor glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa (integrin aIIbb3) (George et al, 1990; Nurden & Nurden, 2014). Management of GT involves preventing bleeds where possible plus the expeditious management of bleeds that do occur. For persistent or severe bleeding, despite use of local measures and non-specific haemostatic agents (e.g. anti-fibrinolytic agents) and/or recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa; NovoSeven, Novo Nordisk, Bagsværd, Denmark), or for patients undergoing major surgery, platelet transfusions are recommended (Poon et al, 2004). As GT patients have normal platelet counts, a post-transfusion platelet count is of limited predictive value to accurately assess the transfusion response, given normal fluctuations observed in platelet counts within all patients (Male et al, 2006). Thus, there is a need for an easily performed, readily available laboratory measure of the response to platelet transfusions in GT patients to ensure that the patient is not platelet refractory, particularly prior to surgery or when treating a lifethreatening bleed. Laboratory tests that can potentially be used to show improvement in primary haemostasis and/or platelet function include the bleeding time (Jennings et al, 1991), flow cytometry (Nurden et al, 2002; Cesar & Vecino, 2009), and global haemostatic assays, such as thromboelastography or thrombin generation assays (Male et al, 2006). However, these tests suffer from lack of availability and reproducibility, and they do not provide a quick turnaround result as would be required in acute situations. We evaluated the Platelet Function Analyser (PFA-100 ; Siemens, Malvern, PA, USA) as a possible laboratory measure of response to platelet transfusions in four patients with GT (Carcao et al, 1998; Favaloro, 2008). Institutional ethics approval was obtained to conduct the study. All patients (Table I) showed the typical aggregation response defects seen in GT, lacked CD41 (GPIIb) by flow cytometry and were compound heterozygotes for ITGA2B. These four patients underwent PFA-100 testing after platelet transfusions on seven separate occasions for bleeding that failed to respond to local measures along with repeated infusions of rFVIIa and tranexamic acid (five episodes) and prior to wisdom teeth extraction (two episodes) (Table I). For all seven platelet transfusions, no apparent reduction (i.e. improvement) in PFA-100 closure times (CTs) posttransfusion was observed. We assessed whether this lack of improvement in CTs in some of the episodes was due to: (i) low haemoglobin levels, secondary to acute blood loss; or (ii) to the presence of anti-platelet antibodies that caused the patients to be platelet refractory. With respect to these possibilities, it should be noted that in 3/7 episodes, patients demonstrated normal haemoglobin levels and that all four patients had undergone multiple screening tests for the presence of anti-platelet antibodies [both anti-human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and anti-GPIIb-IIIa] using a qualitative solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PAK 12 by GTI diagnostics, Waukesha, WI, USA) designed to detect antibodies to HLA class I antigens and to platelet GPIIb-IIIa, GPIaIIa and GPIb-IX. On all 13 occasions, patients tested negative for anti-HLA and anti-glycoprotein antibodies. Given these results, it is extremely unlikely that the lack of improvement in PFA-100 CTs could have been caused by anti-platelet antibodies. GT patients, when transfused with a standard amount of either pooled or aphaeresis platelets (10 ml/kg; approximately 10 9 10 platelets/kg) will have both circulating endogenous GT platelets and transfused 'normal' platelets. Using flow cytometry, Cesar and Vecino (2009) reported that after a single platelet transfusion in a 10-year-old girl with GT, only 17% of circulating platelets were the transfused normal platelets. Consequently, when GT patients are given a standard platelet transfusion in the setting of a bleed, most of the platelets adhering to the injury site will still be the endogenous GT platelets as these are in the majority and not the transfused normal platelets. In this situation, we hypothesize that the GT platelets, that are capable of adhering to sites of vascular injury but then are


In cryptography,quick trickle permutation plays an important role.According to the quick trickle permutation,introduce the concept of quick trickle arrange,discusses the corresponding relation bittern their and its properties,and provide a kind of structure method for it.


This article examines entrepreneurial mindset among the students of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions under the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia. The findings presented are a small part of the overall research data on the readiness of TVET students in Malaysia to venture into entrepreneurship. This quantitative study involves 1000 students from eight selected public TVET institutions in Peninsular Malaysia. Overall, the study finds that respondents" level of entrepreneurial mindset is at a moderate level. Furthermore, there is a significant difference in the level of entrepreneurial mindset between the respondents at the certificate level and diploma level, the background of the family/parents who own businesses and otherwise, and also between the respondents who are involved and not involved in business activities. This study holds a positive view that there is potential in enhancing the entrepreneurial mindset of students in TVET institutions in order to generate as many job creators as possible. Hence, the study suggests that the Ministry and all relevant stakeholders to streamline the strategy of the Higher Education Insititution (HEI) Entrepreneurship Action Plan by focusing on the key growth factors of entrepreneurial mindset so that the target of new entrepreneurial talents among HEI students can be realised and also by taking into consideration the potentials of TVET students in


Kindness interventions including Acts of Kindness (AoK) have proven to be effective in improving mental well-being. However, among these studies, only a few focused on possible mediators explaining the association between AoK and mental well-being. Therefore, this study aimed to replicate the effects of AoK on well-being and, among a few studies, tested the mediating role of positive and negative emotions.
A randomized controlled trial was conducted with a total of 653 participants. From this, 169 participants for the current study were randomly assigned to Acts of kindness (n = 85) or a wait-list control condition (n = 84). Assessments took place at baseline and 2, 4, 6 and 12 weeks after baseline. Outcome measures were well-being (MHC-SF) and positive and negative emotions (mDES).
Results revealed that the AoK intervention compared to the wait-list control condition led to significantly greater increases in overall mental well-being and psychological well-being, but not in emotional and social well-being. In addition, no evidence was found for positive and negative emotions as mediators.
The current study demonstrated that AoK has potential to improve mental well-being. Future research should consider testing other possible mechanisms which can explain this effect. By this, it could be possible to found more about underlying mechanisms and thereby to maximise the effectiveness of kindness interventions.


In a previous paper, a framework for the physical description of physical processes atthe quantum level based on dislocations in the spacetime continuum within STCED(Spacetime Continuum Elastodynamics) was proposed and it was postulated that thespacetime continuum has a granularity characterized by a length b


The research object is the migration processes not only causing problems with law enforcement, connected with the investigation and solution of crimes committed by foreign citizens, but also require legislative and theoretical interpretation of particular provisions of legal acts. The research subject is the modern view of the criminal science on the legal regulation of migration processes (based on the case study of the legislation of the Russian Federation). Special attention is given to the purpose of the research which is the necessity to define and study the collision aspects in the field of migration legislation determining the need for the formation of a forensic technique of the investigation of crimes committed by foreign citizens. The author arrives at the following conclusions: the comprehensive analysis of the legal fundamentals of migration legislation helps to find out that practically each legal source contains the gaps not regulated by the legislation and requiring a detailed approach to the reconsideration, amending, or cancelation of the latter; no legal act contains the definition "illegal migration"; the proven lack of the category "migration safety" in the migration legislation, which is becoming more and more required year by year not only from the viewpoint of law enforcement, but in some collision aspects on the part of a legislator; the study of the sign of illegality in terms of its detection by means of a similar idea of an unresolved case. The special contribution of the author is the attempt to consider the author's position on the category "crimes committed by foreign citizens" from the viewpoint of the criminal science. The author points at the importance and acceptance of the introduction of a new method - information frame modeling  which consists in in-depth development of particular structures, i.e. information is presented in basic standard processes and actions typical for a particular research subject area. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the author's interpretation of the definition of "crimes committed by foreign citizens" and formulation of the categories of "migration safety", "unresolved case" and "organization of illegal residency in the Russian Federation".


The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4148727 in ABCB1 (encoding p-glycoprotein) is associated with lipid levels; however, its association with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and its the genetic correlation with lipid profiles and T2DM are unclear. We included 2300 participants from 593 families. A generalized estimating equations (GEE) model and Cox regression models were used to estimate the SNP's effects on T2DM and lipid profiles. The participation of the SNP in T2DM pathogenesis through lipid-associated pathways was tested using mediation analysis. The G allele of the SNP was related to a 32% (6–64%, p = 0.015) increase in T2DM risk. It was also associated with a 10% (1–20%, p = 0.029), 17% (3–32%, p = 0.015), and 4% (1–7%, p = 0.015) increment in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and apolipoprotein A (Apo-A) concentrations, respectively. According to the mediation analysis, only TG (6.9%) and Apo-B (4.0%) had slight but significant mediation effects on the total impact of the SNP on T2DM. The pleiotropic effects of the ABCB1 variant on T2DM and lipids likely act via different pathways. The biological mechanisms should be verified in a future study.