TPS6091 Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard of care for previously untreated patients with locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN). Xevinapant (Debio 1143) is an orally available antagonist of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins with the potential to enhance the antitumor activity of platinum-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The radiosensitizing effect of xevinapant is mediated through caspase activation and TNF, IFNγ, CD8 T cell-dependent pathways. Three-year follow-up results from a randomized Phase 2 study showed significant improvements of xevinapant versus placebo in addition to standard chemoradiation (CRT) for locoregional control (LRC) rate at 18 months, PFS and OS. The addition of xevinapant was well tolerated, manageable and did not jeopardize backbone therapy [1, 2]. Methods: TrilynX is a multinational, Phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical study assessing the efficacy of xevinapant in combination with concurrent CRT compared with placebo in combination with CRT for LA-HNSCC. Adult patients with newly diagnosed, pathologically proven, treatment-naive LA-SCCHN will be enrolled. Study population will include hypopharynx, larynx and p16-negative oropharyngeal. Other eligibility criteria: ECOG PS 0 or 1, AST and ALT ≤ 3.0 x ULN, total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × ULN, and eligible for definitive CRT. Approximately 700 eligible patients will be randomly assigned to receive oral xevinapant at 200 mg per day on days 1 to 14 of 3-week cycles or placebo for three cycles in combination with cisplatin (100 mg/m², q3w) for three cycles, and concomitant standard fractionation intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 Gy/7 weeks). The concurrent CRT period will be followed by a monotherapy period consisting of further three cycles of xevinapant or placebo. The primary endpoint is Event Free Survival (EFS) assessed by a Blinded Independent Radiological Committee (BIRC). An interim analysis will occur when 279 EFS events as assessed by the BIRC are observed. The primary analysis will occur once 429 EFS events are observed. TrilynX has ̃90% power to detect the expected hazard ratio benefit of 0.73. Secondary end-points include OS, PFS, LRC, ORR, HRQL, and safety. Data driven design, patients will be followed up for a minimum of 60-months. PK sparse sampling is performed to assess exposure-response relationships with efficacy and safety. Biomarkers of response and resistance will be explored. TrilynX started in August 2020 and it is ongoing. References: [1] X. Sun et. al, Lancet Oncol; 21(9): 1173-1187, 2020. [2] J. Bourhis et al., Ann Oncol; 31 (suppl 4): LBA39, 2020. Clinical trial information: NCT04459715.


Over thirty years ago – two years before the launching of the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) History Workshop (HW) – Ronald Grele wrote, in an essay titled, 'Can anyone over thirty be trusted?', that thirty years had passed since Allan Nevins began the first formal oral history project at Columbia University in New York. In the intervening period, Grele remarked, the oral history movement had come of age and was accepted by the community of historians. In contrast to thirty years earlier, he wrote, 'we seem to be enjoying the respectability which comes with age'. At the same time he remarked, 'Just like millions of individuals who have passed the invisible markers of age which our culture sets before us, this celebration comes with certain doubts. After thirty years are we to be trusted. What are our achievements and how can we assess them?' He went on to conclude:


This bibliography covers mainly the literature on population research published in Finland during 1992-1993. Included are independent publications articles in periodicals and statistics published in Finland as well as studies by Finnish authors published abroad....In principle the main divisions appearing in the Population Index have been used with added subdivisions better suiting Finnish circumstances. (EXCERPT)


Ceramics are frequently used in special mechanical parts due to high wear resistance and corrosion resistance. In particular, deposition with plasma heat source produces particularly excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and thermal stability. For plasma coating materials, Al2O3 and TiO2 ...


now reached its third edition under the joint authorship of Drs. Parkes and Kenwood. It lias been carefully revised and some new matter added The pags of the hook has been somewhat enlarged to increase the space without undue bulkmess. The result is an excellent manual on the subject of hygiene and public health, eminently fitted for practitioners who are not specialist Health officers and for students. It is hardly necessary to give an account of the contents of this book. We have read most of the chapters with interest and profit. The chapters on refuse and sewage disposal, that eternal question which becomes more difficult with increasing civilization and increasing town life is cood. After giving an account of the


Increasing demand for genetic services has led to the development of streamlined genetic counseling (GC) models. We piloted large‐scale group pre‐test GC with up to 50 patients per group and compared this to a traditional one‐on‐one approach. Patients referred to the British Columbia (BC) Cancer Hereditary Cancer Program were eligible if they had: (a) family history meeting our program's referral criteria; (b) no relevant personal history of cancer; (c) no prior genetic testing in the family; and (d) no living testable relative in BC. Patient‐reported outcome measures included: (a) Genetic Counselling Outcome Scale (GCOS) prior to pre‐test GC (T1) and at 4 weeks post‐test GC (T2); (b) Satisfaction Survey after pre‐test GC; and (c) the Multidimensional Impact of Cancer Risk Assessment (MICRA) for patients undergoing testing (4 weeks after post‐test GC). In total, 391 patients underwent GC, 184 by group and 207 by one‐on‐one appointments. Between May 2018 and May 2019, 6 pre‐test group sessions were conducted (median number of patients per group = 28; range 15–48). 8% of patients (n = 32) declined large group GC due to personal preference for one‐on‐one GC. There were no statistically significant differences in MICRA and GCOS survey results when comparing the pre‐test large group versus traditional pre‐test one‐on‐one models (based on 3 MICRA subscales: p = 0.063, p = 0.612, p = 0.842; and GCOS p = 0.169). Overall, the large group pre‐test counseling approach was more time‐efficient with 15–48 patient group sessions conducted over a mean duration of 80 min as compared to 42 min per patient with the traditional one‐on‐one GC model. Large‐scale group GC was feasible and acceptable to patients and represents a novel streamlined model for GC to enable timely access to cancer genetic services.


Abstract : We investigated the fabrication and optical characterization of photonic integrated circuit (PIC) designed for telecommunication applications using ultrafast (> 100Gbits/s) optical logic. The basic components in the PIC are active components, such as semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), integrated with passive, light-routing waveguides and beam splitter/combiners. Optical switching is accomplished with SOAs embedded within the arms of Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), whereas power splitting/combining of propagating signals is carried out within multimode interferometers (MMIs). Figure 1 shows a schematic of the basic unit cell under investigation.


Isolation of bacterial from eye infections (conjunctivitis) was carried out in this study39 specimens (55.71%) gave positive bacterial culture from totally(70) samples. We found that staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis in 35.71,20% respectively from the total isolates. Antibacterial activities of the antibiotics vancomycin, oxacillin, cephalothgin chloramphenicol, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin Staph. Aureus and Staph. Epidermidis shows resistance rate about (4,12, 16, 28 , 8, 8% ) and (7,14,14.28 ,35.7,28.57,42.85,21.42%) respectively. The inhibition ability of black tea alcoholic extract against Staph. aureus and Staph. epidermidis isolates at concentration (10, 20, 40, 80, 100%) were (13,15,17,19,27) mm, (10,14,16,18,24 ) mm of inhibition zones respectively.


Background:Malignant phyllodes tumor (PT) is a rare fibro epithelial neoplasm of the breast, which is poor prognosis due to high risk of recurrence and distant metastasis. Methods:We report a case of malignant PT. It had recurred locally five times, and the sixth relapse was occurred 54 months after first diagnosis, presenting a huge pelvic mass (14 cm × 11 cm) by CT scan. Histopathological examination has demonstrated a metastatic phyllodes tumor. After postoperative chemotherapy treatment, a longer survival has been achieved, which is more than 72 months. Results:Our case report describes a breast PT with several local recurrences and a rare metastasis (pelvic cavity), but long-term overall survival was achieved after surgery and chemotherapy. Conclusion:We conclude that trustworthy prognosticators that identify patients with excessive potential of aggressive clinical course should be explored. Moreover, proper treatment could prolong overall survival of metastatic PT patients.


Dr Refsgaard1 and Dr Hager have commented our article regarding 'Six minute walk test' (6MWT).2 We concluded that '6MWT' is a simple and inexpensive test, which is not robust enough to evaluate treatment effects in clinical trials. However, it may have a role in clinical practice as a routine part of evaluation (as many patients avoid symptoms by reducing their activity). A recently published trial on 1077 elderly heart …


The Vickers Microhardness test consists of applying a force on the material surfaces and inducing a local plastic strain. By analyzing the dimentions of generated indentation in function of the applied load, the microhardness parameter can be determined. This test has been largely used for research development and quality control analyses due to its several applications. However, a problem associated with this technique is the influence of the human operator on the measures performed. Aiming to reduce, or even eliminate, the dispersion of results, this work proposes to design an image analysis-based method for automatic identification of sample surface printed and determination of its dimensions. The data used for its calibration is obtained from tests on samples of steel, cast iron, and aluminium and cooper alloys. The experimental results corroborates the method capability for performing the required measures with good precision and excellent reproducibility.


Long gamma-ray burst GRB 191016A was a bright and slow rising burst that was detected by the Swift satellite and followed up by ground based Liverpool Telescope (LT). LT follow-up started 2411-s after the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) trigger using imager IO:O around the time of the late optical peak. From 3987 − 7687-s, we used the LT polarimeter RINGO3 to make polarimetric and photometric observations of the GRB simultaneously in the+, ' and bands. The combined optical light curve shows an initial late peak followed by a decline until 6147-s, 6087-s, and 5247-s for , ' and + filters respectively followed by a flattening phase. There is evidence of polarization at all phases including polarization (% = 14.6 ± 7.2%) which is coincident with the start of the flattening phase. The combination of the light curve morphology and polarization measurement favours an energy injection scenario where slower magnetised ejecta from the central engine catches up with the decelerating blast wave. We calculate the minimum energy injection to be Δ / > 0.36. At a later time combining the optical light curve from BOOTES (reported via GCN) and IO:O we see evidence of a jet break with jet opening angle 2◦.


Abstract Performance measurement in social enterprises is important; however, up to now, there is no agreement on which tool to use, especially for those in emerging markets. Therefore, this study used a balanced scorecard to quantitatively measure performance of 446 social enterprises in South Africa. The findings show that the adapted perspectives of a balanced scorecard such as customer, organizational learning and growth, finance and internal processes can be used as performance indicators. This study developed and tested an adapted balanced scorecard that can be used as a performance instrument for enterprises that do not have specific measurement tools.


The electrocaloric effects (ECEs) of the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition 0.82(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.18(K0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 (NBT-18KBT) are studied by direct measurements. The maximum ECE ΔTmax = 0.73 K is measured at 160 °C under 22 kV/cm. This corresponds to an ECE responsivity (ΔT/ΔE) of 0.33 × 10−6 K m/V, which is comparable with the best reported values for lead-free ceramics. A comparison between the direct and indirect ECE measurements shows significant discrepancies. The direct measurement of both positive and negative electrocaloric effect confirms the presence of numerous polar phases near the MPB of NBT-based materials and highlights their potential for solid-state cooling based on high field-induced entropy changes.


The solution of Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation (KPZ equation) is solved formally via Cole-Hopf transformation h = log u, where u is the solution of multiplicative stochastic heat equation(SHE). In [CD20, CSZ20, G20], they consider the solution of two dimensional KPZ equation via the solution uε of SHE with flat initial condition and with noise which is mollified in space on scale in ε and its strength is weakened as βε = β̂ √ 2πε − log ε , and they prove that when β̂ ∈ (0, 1), 1 βε (log uε − E[log uε]) converges in distribution to a solution of Edward-Wilkinson model as a random field. In this paper, we consider a stochastic heat equation uε with general initial condition u0 and its transformation F (uε) for F in a class of functions F, which contains F (x) = x p (0 < p ≤ 1) and F (x) = log x. Then, we prove that 1 βε (F (uε(t, x)) − E[F (uε(t, x))]) converges in distribution to Gaussian random variables jointly in finitely many F ∈ F, t, and u0. In particular, we obtain the fluctuations of solutions of stochastic heat equations and KPZ equations jointly converge to solutions of SPDEs which depends on u0. Our main tools are Itô's formula, the martingale central limit theorem, and the homogenization argument as in [CNN20]. To this end, we also prove the local limit theorem for the partition function of intermediate 2d-directed polymers


Objective Orthopedic ward of activities to carry out quality care problems and solutions.Method Division in January 2011-August launched a "solid foundation care,provide satisfactory service" as the theme of quality care activities.Result in terms of form and scale,or in terms of impact and effectiveness,has not reached the ideal state.Conclusion Quality care for patients throughout the technology,comprehensive,and professional services to meet the basic needs of the patient,is an effective way to deepen the health care reform.


Incorporation of OFSP puree into wheat flour bread and teff flour injera can enrich the β‐carotene content of the products. Information about the optimal proportion of OFSP puree to be mixed with wheat and teff flour to make bread and injera is currently lacking in Ethiopia. This study was carried out to determine the optimum proportion of OFSP puree to be incorporated into wheat flour bread and teff flour injera, and to evaluate the nutritional content, sensory acceptability, and profitability of OFSP‐blended wheat bread and teff injera. Four OFSP puree: wheat flour ratio (0:100, 15:85, 30:70 and 45:55) and four OFSP puree: teff flour ratio (0:100, 15:85, 30:70 and 45:55) were evaluated. Significant differences (P<0.05) were found for β‐carotene content among the four bread and injera treatments. The highest β‐carotene (2340 ug 100 g‐1 and 1735.00 μg 100 g‐1) content was found in the bread and injera blended with 45% OFSP puree, respectively. Marked differences were also found among bread treatments with overall acceptability scores of 6.22 (100% wheat flour bread) and 5.93 (15% OFSP puree blended bread). Similarly, overall sensory acceptability varied profoundly among injera treatments with the highest scores of 5.73 and 5.85 recorded for injera blended with 15% and 30% OFSP puree, respectively. Considering the higher β‐carotene content and sensory qualities, bread and injera made from wheat and teff flour blended with 30% OFSP puree is recommended for commercial production and consumption among urban and rural consumers including the most vulnerable groups to vitamin A deficiency.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved


This review article is about the classifier combination and score level fusion, which have received considerable attention in the research field over the past decade. The classifier combination covers research concerning the algorithms and methodologies that describe classifier combinations from a pattern recognition perspective. For the score fusion technique, this article addresses the fusion problem in those situations where the feature representations of the data are not available. These two concepts are discussed from the point of view of their mathematical formulations. Some practical aspects and applications are also treated.


This paper proposes an architecture that uses the ultra-low power Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) wireless standard and a hybrid topology to reduce power consumption in IOT based wireless sensor networks (IOTWSN). A lot of work has been done in the field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in recent years. Efforts to make efficient, low cost, scalable and easily deployable WSN have been on going. In order to reduce cost and improve life of a sensor node, it is necessary to optimize battery usage and power consumption. This paper looks at BLE as a potential candidate to reduce power in IOTWSN. BLE based activity detection is also incorporated into the system to avoid power wastage in real-time monitoring. The power consideration of the proposed architecture is compared to existing wireless technologies used in WSN.


This article brings to discussion, reflections about the understanding of innovation management in companies of information and communication technology (ICT) which ones in Revista GEINTEC – ISSN: 2237-0722. São Cristóvão/SE – 2014. Vol. 4/n.5/ p.1310 -1323 1311 D.O.I.: 10.7198/S2237-0722201400050002 many approaches do not take into consideration the specific region and market where they operate, as well as the direct relationship with the processes of the innovation. The research was qualitative and by the point of view of its nature it is considered applied. Also is characterized as descriptive. The overall objective of the study was to analyze the process of innovation management in business and information technology (ICT) of informatics nucleus from Ilhéus, Bahia state. The work ends up pointing out that to face the market challenges, companies from informatic nucleus must innovate their processes continuously, by acquiring new organizational knowledge for an entrepreneurial and innovative approach with the market, maintenance and expansion of these actions are fundamental to the further strengthening of companies (TICs) in Bahia. Key-words: Innovation management, ict, innovation octagon, pole hardware.


The present chapter aims to analyse several aspects of economic migration from Ukraine to Poland in the context of the military conflict on Ukraine's territory. It looks at how the Euromaidan and the ensuing war with Russia impacted the dynamics of migration to Poland, which has been for a long time one of the most popular destinations for Ukrainians. It seeks to debunk the myth of the influx of Ukrainian refugees to Poland, promulgated by the Polish authorities, as a way to excuse their unwillingness to share the burden of the international migration crisis faced by the European Union. The chapter looks at the dynamics and significance of economic remittances from Poland. Finally, it discusses the unprecedented socio-political mobilisation of Ukrainian migrants in response to the Revolution of Dignity and the armed conflict on its territory that has resulted in increased consolidation of the Ukrainian migrant population and contributed to the development of migrants' social capital. The article employs the official data received upon request by the author from several state institutions including the Office for Foreigners, Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, National Bank of Poland and Ministry for Labour and Social Policy; a series of indepth interviews with Ukrainian civic activists in Poland collected by the Institute of Public Affairs (Warsaw) and Institut für Europäische Politik (Berlin) as well as additional interviews with stake-holders conducted by the author as part of ongoing research on Ukrainian migration to Poland.


: This article presents different public uses of comics to represent difficult pasts on the basis of four case studies: the National Socialist and GDR pasts in the German memory field, and the Fascist past and terrorist/Mafia massacres in the Italian memory field. The comparative analysis focuses on three factors of influence: the narratives and aesthetic forms culturally legitimized in the two national public memory spaces, the cultural frames which define a specific past, and the cultural paradigms of transnational comics. In the final analysis, the article contemplates not only the graphic representations of the past, but also the social actors (artists, publishers, political institutions, public intellectuals) involved in this process of collectively working memory, their symbolic and cultural resources, and their power relationships.


The invention concerns a method of producing passivated urea or urea based compounds for fertilizer blends wherein the urea particles are treated with a mineral acid that reacts with urea and creates a grasping layer. Thereafter a solid base in powder form is added in excess to the particles to coat the acidified particle surface. The invention also concerns a fertilizer blend comprising the passivated urea or urea based compounds with one or more of AN or AN-based compound, NS products, superphosphates, and more generally with a priori most compounds that urea is susceptible to react with when in direct contact. A safe blend comprises more than 40 weight % of the passivated urea.


To obtain surface temperature,CO2 laser was used as heating source,and fiber optic spectrometer was used for gathering the molten pool radiant spectrum.Meanwhile,temperature was calculated based on the relationship between spectrum slope and temperature,which was transformed by Wien formula.After this,the infrared thermometer and thermocouple were used for error calibration.The results show that the errors of this method are limited in 4%.


The X80 pipeline steel for the west to east gas transmission project was successful produced, based on the hot strip mills equipment advantage. However, the impact toughness was unstable during the production. In this research, optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive analysis (EDS) test were used to study the relationships between different alloy content and microstructure in pipeline steel. What's more, the effect of alloy content on impact toughness in X80 pipeline steel has been explored based on the statistics of alloy composition and the performances in production. The results show that, the alloying elements in X80 pipeline steel can be divided into three categories in this condition. First, Ni, Cu and Mo alloy, it promotes the MA constituents transformation, and leading the impact toughness decreases. Second, Cr and Mn alloy, which have no significant effect on impact toughness. And the third, Nb and Ti micro-alloying, which is particularly improving the impact toughness in pipeline steel.


Objective To test the reproducibility of wave intensity (WI) analysis derived measurements of pulse wave velocity (PWV),and to compare it with the traditional method-applanation tonometry.Methods One hundred and ten outpatient volunteers were enrolled in the study.The R-W1 of right brachial artery and right posterior tibial artery were measured through WI in diagnostic ultrasound equipment (Aloka α10),and were used to calculate the right brachial artery PWV which were also measured by tonometry (VP-1000) simutaneously;thus 30 of these volunteers were randomly selected to repeat the above examinations in the same session.Differences between the two methods were investigated by means of a paired t-test,and their linear correlations were also analyzed.Bland-Altman method was used to analyze the agreement between the two methods and their intraobserver intrasession variabilities.Results Mean baPWVs determined by WI and tonometry were (13.03 ± 1.93) m/s and ( 12.05 ± 2.02) m/s,respectively (P <0.001),and the mean of their difference was (0.98 ± 1.1)m/s giving 95 % limits of agreement of ( - 1.18 m/s,3.14 m/s).Values of PWV obtained by the two systems were highly correlated( r =0.85,P< 0.001 ),with their intraobserver intrasession variabilities being 8.2% and 7.0%,respectively.Conclusions WI provides a new noninvasive and convenient method to measure PWV with good agreement and similar reproducibility to the standard tonometry system.

Key words:
Echocardiography;  Arterial stiffness;  Arterial elasticity; Pulse wave velocity


A Trilogy PCR had been established for differential diagnosis PRV,PRRSV and PCV2.We detected 30 diseased materials collected from infected pig-farms.The final result,compared with those obtained in Single-PCR,the average positive coincidence rate reached to 93.3%,it indicated that the procedure was a highly sensitivities and specific method for detecting these pathogens in pigfarms.


A noise-robust radio frequency fingerprint (RFF) extraction and identification scheme is proposed and demonstrated for Wi-Fi device recognition. Specifically, an RFF extractor pre-trained by supervised contrastive learning extracts the distinctive features from the spectrogram, which is produced by Fourier-based sychrosqueezing transform (FSST). Then a neural network-based classifier is adopted for precise device identification with the extracted RFF. Utilizing 11 commercial wireless network interface controllers (WNICs), the experimental results demonstrate the significant performance improvement for noisy channels, with classification accuracy achieving up to 95.7% and 86% when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 10 and 5 dB, respectively.


Customer satisfaction (CS) is an essential factor determining the success of online clothing retailing. This document tries to analyze factors affecting CS towards online clothing shopping through a systematic study, in a bid to help online clothing retailers improve CS for higher sales. Based on the social support theory, we created a model of factors affecting CS towards online clothing shopping, and conducted a questionnaire survey to obtain customer feedback which was then analyzed through a structural equation model. The analysis results indicate that perceived convenience (PC), social relationship (SR), perceived value (PV), and information interaction (II) exerted favourable effects on CS towards online clothing shopping, and finally CS, as a mediating variable, affected customer loyalty (CL) and purchase intention (PI) positively.


Background: Müllerian agenesis is a disorder of genital development characterized by absence of the vagina, an absent or hypoplastic uterus, and normal or hypoplastic fallopian tubes. Typically, the ovaries are entirely normal, although one or both also may be undescended, hypoplastic, or associated with an inguinal hernia. Affected patients often also have urologic anomalies (15-40) % (unilateral renal agenesis, ectopic or horseshoe kidney, and duplication of the collecting systems) and skeletal malformations (5-10) %, (e.g., hemiverterbrae and scoliosis, or the Klippel-Feil syndrome). The cause is unknown, although some cases are associated with chromosomal translocations or occur in familial aggregates, suggesting a genetic basis. Logically, müllerian agenesis might be attributed to an activating mutation in the gene encoding AMH or its receptor, causing excess AMH activity, but none have been identified. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze and present rare cases of partial mullerian agenesis combined with renal and/or skeletal malformations, their causes, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment along with review of literatures. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. All four cases presented with similar type of presentation and were diagnosed as partial Mullerian aplasia (cervico-vaginal agenesis) with other associated anomalies (renal, skeletal or cardiac anomalies) ie: MURCS association. Results: We analysed four cases of mullerian agenesis with renal and/or skeletal abnormalities presented with primary amenorrhoea with cyclical lower abdominal pain. Subsequently these patients were ascertained to have cervicovaginal agenesis with renal and skeletal abnormalities by physical examination and relevant investigations. Two (50%) patients had renal anomalies in the form of renal agenesis and one small malrotated kidney while 100% patients had skeletal abnormalities. One (25%) patient had congenital cardiac anomaly, one (25%) patient had history of cleft lip and cleft palate and one (25%) patient had history of imperforated anus at birth. Evaluation included clinical examination, whole abdominal ultrasound, skeletal survey and karyotyping along with some supportive investigations. Conclusion: The management is varied but multidisciplinary approach, psychological and social supports are the key points of managing such cases.


A study is presented on the photoprocesses of atmospheric chlorofluoromethanes, including their ultimate sinks. Topics covered include: current inventories of atmospheric trichlorofluoromethane and dichlorodifluoromethane, absorption cross-sections for photodissociation of chlorofluoromethanes, mechanisms and quantum yields for photodissociation of CF/sub 2/Cl/sub 2/ and CFCl/sub 3/, solar irradiation flux versus wavelength and altitude, atmospheric diffusion models, chain reactions in the ozone layer, the chloroxyl chains for decomposition of O/sub 3/, abstraction reactions by thermal chlorine atoms, release of Cl atoms by hydroxyl radical attack on hydrogen chloride, methane concentrations at 50 km, rate constants for ClO/sub x/ reactions with O/sub 3/ and oxygen atoms, chain terminating reactions, the importance of symmetrical dioxychloride in the stratosphere, fluorine atom chains, possible removal of chlorofluoromethanes by electron capture and/or ionic reaction, possible chlorofluoromethane removal by reaction with singlet oxygen, hydrolysis of chlorofluoromethanes, possible reactions of chlorofluoromethanes with aerosol particles in the stratosphere, calculated O/sub 3/ depletion by chlorine-containing species, multi-dimensional calculations, feedback in the ozone depletion calculation, increased odd oxygen production with O/sub 3/ depletion, time delay effects in the appearance of O/sub 3/ depletion, time concentration patterns with a one year stepfunction injection of CF/sub 2/Cl/sub 2/ and for several hypothetical models of chlorofluoromethane releasemore » stratospheric concentrations from CF/sub 2/Cl/sub 2/ injected by 1975, estimates of consequences for two different manufacturing patterns for CF/sub 2/Cl/sub 2/ between 1975 and 1990, current stratospheric levels of chlorine-containing compounds, possible biological and climatological effects of stratospheric O/sub 3/ depletion, and observable trends in the average O/sub 3/ concentration of the atmosphere.« less


The Communications Web site, http://cacm.acm.org, features more than a dozen bloggers in the BLOG@CACM community. In each issue of Communications, we'll publish selected posts or excerpts. twitter Follow us on Twitter at http://twitter.com/blogCACM http://cacm.acm.org/blogs/blog-cacm Robin K. Hill explains the ethical responsibility of the computing professional with respect to voting systems.


Background and purpose We report results and complications of gradual bone lengthening for post-traumatic lower-limb length discrepancy (LLD) with Precice intramedullary lengthening nails in 34 adults. Patients and methods Inclusion criteria were lowerlimb lengthening using the Precice nail, posttraumatic etiology, age older than 18 years, and minimum follow-up of 12 months after implantation. 34 patients met the inclusion criteria. Radiological and clinical outcome data were collected. Results Precice lengthening was performed in the femur in 28 patients (21 antegrade, 7 retrograde) and in the tibia in 6. Mean patient age at time of surgery was 32 years (18–72). Mean preoperative LLD was 31 mm (20–71). Acute correction of axial or rotational malalignment was performed in 11 segments. At final follow-up (mean 2 years [1.1–3.6]), 33 of 34 nails had been removed. All lengthening sites were healed, and all patients mobilized with full weight-bearing. 14 adverse events occurred in 11 patients and were categorized as problems (n = 5), obstacles (n = 3), and complications (n = 6). Unplanned surgery was necessary in 7 patients, 3 of whom did not complete treatment with Precice. Interpretation Correction of posttraumatic LLD with or without axial malalignment using Precice intramedullary lengthening nails is associated with a low number of complications and good functional outcome. However, one-fifth of patients in this series needed further unplanned surgery for revision of obstacles or complications.


Cloud computing is rising quickly and without uncertainty it is the new generation of technology where people will utilize whenever and wherever. In this web-based world, cloud computing is rising higher by giving everything to the necessary assets, applications, programming, equipment, registering capacity to figuring foundations, business procedure to control joint effort. Today clouds with virtualization are changing IT. Separated by their prominences it has a few concerns which are turning out to be complications for its more extensive selection. Being a relatively newer technology, cloud computing comes with its own array of security vulnerabilities and new perspectives for attacks to happen. Major cloud providers already have infrastructure with tools and services in place designed to improve security in the cloud and the overall performance. There are a few vulnerabilities that have arisen in the previous decade that have managed to slip by unnoticed. These have caused a great deal of damage to cloud infrastructure and its overall reputation. This paper focuses on how these specific vulnerabilities affect different cloud computing environments and how to resolve them.


Alteration of photochemical properties of humic substances (HS) by the addition of metals abundant in natural waters has been investigated. Excited HS states have been characterized by fluorescence spectra and by laser kinetic spectroscopy. The effect of Cu 2+ , Fe 2+ , and Mn 2+ has been explained in terms of static quenching of the HS excited states. In agreement with this, the metal ions were found to inhibit HS sensitized photooxidative degradation of chlorophenols.


The Representative Volume Element (so-called RVE) is the corner stone of continuum mechanics. In this paper we examine the scaling to RVE in linear elasticity, finite elasticity, elasto-plasticity, thermoelasticity, and permeability of random composite materials.


Much of the Old English scribal record is redundant-important texts are often represented by several manuscripts, each slightly different from the others.1 Modern editors boil each text down to a single version, and it is this much sparser modem record of published editions on which much of the linguistic literature, including the standard grammars, is based. Comparing corresponding word forms in two manuscripts of ~Elfric's De Temporibus Anni, I attempted to account for all the discrepancies between them using primarily Campbell's (1959) and Brunner's (1965) grammars. In so doing, I uncovered


By means of different kinds of Calcium dosage to strengthen flour and make a baking experiment, the analyst result was gained. The consequence proved that adding Calcium to flour exerted no outstanding influence on flour quality and baking quality, and was convenient as well as practical.


Medical image fusion (MIF) merges the data from various medical images into one image to get the more detailed data. This technique can improve the accuracy of medical diagnosis and treatment. Image Processing (IP) is a domain the process the images based on requirement and IP plays a significant role in medical image fusion, as itenables extracting and manipulating relevant information from medical images. Deep Learning (DL) is sub-domain that can extract accurate features dynamically to overcome issues in existing systems. This studydescribes the DL model combined with image fusion to show better results. The proposed multi-layered medical image fusion model can improve the detection and diagnosis of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fused with Computerized Tomography (CT) images. The proposed model focused on detecting brain tumors from MRI input images. Performance is analyzed based on parameters such as Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR), root mean square error (RMSE), and Entropy (EN).


The presence of autoantibodies to intercellular substance of squamous epithelium was studied in the sera of 46 patients suffering from pemphigus vulgaris. This study suggests that in the majority of patients suffering from the severe form of the disease the autoantibody titer can be used as a guide to prednisone therapy. However, in patients with a mild or moderate form, no such correlation is established.


Abstract Mutual recognition is a useful tool for international liberalization in particular contexts. However, it poses two important types of risk. First, it could jeopardize a satisfactory level of prudential regulation. In order to address these risks, mutual recognition should be limited to initiatives that can be supported by satisfactory essential harmonization that can protect a satisfactory level of prudential regulation. Second, mutual recognition could disadvantage poor states, either de jure through closed recognition among developed states or de facto through harmonization or equivalence conditions that are excessive, or excessively costly, for poor states. In order to address these risks, mutual recognition initiatives should be designed to be accessible to poor states.


Abstract : This report presents the results of an aeroballistic study of an attack mini-RPV. The work was performed by the Aeroballistics Directorate during the period from January 1972 to January 1976. (Author)


Abstract : Currently, no widely established standard or published set of guidelines and planning considerations exist for operational planners to conduct targeted killing operations. Due to the political complexity intertwined with targeted killing these types of operations rarely occur without repercussion. Operational planners need to understand that targeted killing operations cannot exist solely at the operational level because their consequences have strategic and political ramifications. By utilizing a case study analysis, this thesis will identify the operational planning considerations that need to be addressed to successfully conduct a targeted killing mission. The thesis will also outline any guidance the operational team should receive when tasked with a targeted killing mission. This will enable the operational unit to minimize any unintended consequences that result from targeted killing missions. Minimizing the unintended consequences will assist in removing the aura of illegitimacy surrounding targeted killing operations because transparency is provided on the procedures and planning considerations that are involved in the execution of these types of operations.


Being bold in trying and groping the way across the river is the method which is abided by China's gradualist reform.This method includes the regular things in institutional innovation.However, the contradictions and problems appeared during the process of market-oriented reform in China are also initiated by the choice of gradualist method.That's why we need to advance the coordinated reform and to realize the new breakthrough under the direction of Scientific Concept of Development.


The purpose of the present invention is to achieve a reduction in the total time required for work by lessening program correction tasks. A control device (30) is provided with the following: a teaching program storage section (31) that stores a teaching program; a command interpreting section (32) that sends a movement-related command to a movement-related command separation section (33), and executes a command which is not movement related; the movement-related command separation section (33) that determines whether a command is a synchronized block command or an unsynchronized block command, and in accordance with such determination results, separates movement-related commands for each device; a movement-related command buffer section (34) for selecting, on the basis of the movement state of the device, whether to send movement-related commands to a sub trajectory calculation section (36) or collect the movement-related commands internally; a main trajectory calculation section (35) for calculating, on the basis of the movement-related commands, information pertaining to movement for a device which is being synchronously controlled on the basis of the movement-related commands; a sub trajectory calculation section (36) for calculating information pertaining to movement for a device which is not subject to synchronous control on the basis of the movement-related command; and a motor driving section (37) for carrying out the operation of each device.


With the increasing development of China'economy and society,the communication between China and other countries is on the rise,which contribute to the increasing demands of foreign languages especially English.As a result,oral English plays an important role in English learning and it is necessary for learners to improve their oral English.While the traditional teaching models cannot meet the teaching demand now,Constructivist learning theory(CLT),a very important branch of the cognitive theory has arisen a considerable amount of interest as a new teaching method.In the paper,the author try to apply constructivist learning theory to vocational college oral English teaching in order to explore some oral English teaching models from a constructivist perspective and hopes that this paper can provide some help to apply the CLT to vocational oral English teaching.


The primary aim of this thesis was to increase knowledge about the prevention of or treatment for urinary incontinence related to pregnancy and delivery. To achieve this we evaluated the effect of ...


Macrophage cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) plays an important role in prostaglandin E2 and throm‐boxane A2 production. Statins are inhibitors of HMG CoA (3‐Hydroxy‐3‐methylgrutaryl coenzyme A) reduc‐tases and cholesterol synthesis, which block the expression of several inflammatory proteins independent of their capacity to lower endogenous cholesterol. In the present study, we investigated the effect of simvastatin and mevastatin on COX‐2 induction in human mono‐cytic cell line U937 and analyzed the underlying mechanisms. Pretreatment of U937 cells with simvastatin or mevastatin for 24 h resulted in a significant reduction in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐dependent induction of prostaglandin E2, thromboxane A2 synthesis, and COX‐2 expression. Mevalonate, the direct metabolite of HMG CoA reductase, and farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl‐pyrophosphate, intermediates of the mevalonate pathway, significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of statins on COX‐2. An inhibitor of geranylgeranyl transferases, GGTI‐286 mimicked the effect of statins on COX‐2 expression. Cytonecrotic factor‐1 increased LPS‐dependent expression of COX‐2. Treatment of cells with NSC 23766, an inhibitor of Rac, which we demonstrated to block Rac 2 activation, resulted in an inhibition of the LPS‐depen‐dent expression of COX‐2. Whereas no effect was obtained with RhoA/C blocker, C3 exoenzyme. Gel retardation experiments and NF‐κB‐p65 transcription factor assay showed that simvastatin and NSC 23766 decrease significantly NF‐κB complex formation. In macrophages, the antiinflammatory effects of statins are mediated in part through the inhibition of COX‐2 and prostanoids. Rac GTPase protein is identified as one of the targets of statins in this regulation.—Habib A., Shamseddeen, I., Nasrallah, M. S., Antoun, T. A., Nemer, G., Bertoglio J., Badreddine R., Badr K. F. Modulation of COX‐2 expression by statins in human monocytic cells. FASEB J. 21, 1665–1674 (2007)


This article analyzes the positions of the Uruguayan exiles in the last years of authoritarianism in Uruguay. It focuses on the transformations that resulted from the opening up of political activity inside the country, starting in 1980, which forced the exiles to direct their attention to the domestic arena. This involved some adjustments in their transnational denouncing activity of human rights violations in their country, particularly regarding the balance between demands of "truth-telling" and "justice". In addition, the article considers the complex and changing relationships between national and transnational activism in exile politics, in a time when military leaders and politicians negotiated a transition back to a democratic regime in Uruguay.


Options, serving as a crucial financial instrument, are used by investors to manage and mitigate their investment risks within the securities market. Precisely predicting the present price of an option enables investors to make informed and efficient decisions. In this paper, we propose a machine learning method for forecasting the prices of SPY (ETF) option based on gated recurrent unit (GRU) and self-attention mechanism. We first partitioned the raw dataset into 15 subsets according to moneyness and days to maturity criteria. For each subset, we matched the corresponding U.S. government bond rates and Implied Volatility Indices. This segmentation allows for a more insightful exploration of the impacts of risk-free rates and underlying volatility on option pricing. Next, we built four different machine learning models, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), long short-term memory (LSTM), self-attention LSTM, and self-attention GRU in comparison to the traditional binomial model. The empirical result shows that self-attention GRU with historical data outperforms other models due to its ability to capture complex temporal dependencies and leverage the contextual information embedded in the historical data. Finally, in order to unveil the"black box"of artificial intelligence, we employed the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to interpret and analyze the prediction results of the self-attention GRU model with historical data. This provides insights into the significance and contributions of different input features on the pricing of American-style options.


:- The most prevalent renewable energy source that doesn't harm the environment when produced utilizing solar photovoltaic (PV) panels is sunlight. Due to the solar panel's azimuth angle, the PV panel's efficiency is dependent on the amount of light that strikes it. Dust buildup on the PV panel lowers the efficiency of the energy produced. The PV panel must occasionally be cleaned in order to boost efficiency. The solar panel cleaning robot suggested in this study cleans PV panels on a regular basis. The panel's surface is cleaned by spraying a water and removing dust with a roller brush. Bluetooth is used to control the suggested robot. The suggested solution uses robotic cleaning to boost the power generation's efficiency on a regular basis.


On December 1 2004 thousands of people around the world--from Prime Ministers to AIDS activists--participated in a variety of activities to commemorate World AIDS Day. What was clear from the speeches discussions candle-lit marches and media events is that progress to slow the AIDS epidemic among women and girls--the theme of this years World AIDS Day--cannot be accomplished without interventions that address gender inequality and that involve men and boys. Calls to action highlighting the critical role men play in womens vulnerability to HIV infection and womens reproductive health are not new. Since the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development held in Cairo Egypt policymakers and those on the frontlines of the AIDS epidemic have increasingly endorsed improving mens access to programs and health services as a way to protect both men and their partners from HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). (excerpt)


In mid-2009 at Kochi University in Japan, a Haiku-in-English Competition was held. An extra dimension of this competition was that entrants also needed to write a Japanese-language explanation of their English-language haiku in Japanese. Haiku genre was chosen because its form is a Japanese cultural artifact, and as such should already be schematically familiar to the majority of competition entrants who were Japanese. This was a spin-off from an activity in an English writing course. The focus of the research reported here is on haiku explanation texts, which are examined as introspective accounts of a haiku composition's language, content, and inspiration. In effect these were to be interpretations of discourse in one language presented in another language. Based on theme/rheme analyses of explanation texts, the utility and effectiveness of explanations were found to be partial. This can be partly explained by the novelty factor of having to explain one's haiku composition, which is better left to the controlled environment of the classroom.


Regenerated kenaf cellulose membranes were prepared by dissolving cellulose in a cellulose solvent of sodium hydroxide and urea, followed by coagulating in a sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solution. Different coagulant concentrations and coagulation reaction times were applied to study the morphology, physical and mechanical properties of the prepared cellulose membrane. The crystallinity index, surface morphology, mechanical performance and transparency of cellulose membrane were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM), tensile tests and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), respectively. The results revealed changes in the pore size of the cellulose membranes, which were correlated with the concentration of sulfuric acid coagulant. However, the pore size of the membranes was not significantly affected by the coagulation time. Cellulose membranes that had been coagulated in lower concentration sulfuric acid with moderate coagulation time showed desirable mechanical properties. Thus, this study reports a favorable reaction time and coagulant concentration to fabricate regenerated cellulose membranes with desired physical properties.


This paper describes a novel functional Built-in-Self-Test (BIST) method for microprocessors. This technique is based on the fundamental principle that complex chips have embedded functionality that can be used to implement a comprehensive self-test strategy. Functional testing has generally been associated with expensive testers. In order to lower the cost of test, there is a general trend to adopt structural test techniques like scan that enable the use of low cost testers. One of the key advantages of the test method described here is that it enables functional testing of microprocessors on low cost testers. Detailed implementation of this technique, the test generation methodology, the fault grade methodology and silicon results on Intel/sup /spl reg// Pentium/sup /spl reg// 4 and Itanium/spl trade/ family microprocessors are presented.


This study introduces the concept of group social capital, which is the configuration of group members' social relationships within a group and in the social structure of a broader organization, an...


What is described in the present specification are acceler ometers using tiny proof masses and piezoresistive force detection. Conventional wisdom would indicate that this approach would not yield useful sensors. However, in fact, according to the invention, such devices are suitable in a wide range of applications. The devices may include deformable hinges to allow the fabrication of three dimen sional structures. A new system has been developed which etches silicon highly selectively at moderate temperatures and without hydrodynamic forces potentially damaging to small structures and features. The system is based on the use of the gas phase etchant xenon diflouride, which is an unremarkable white solid at standard temperature and pres


Since 20 years, the bimorph deformable mirrors developed by CILAS and their most recent generation called "monomorph" demonstrated their powerful ability to correct the optical aberrations and optimize the performances of numerous ground-based facilities from astronomical telescopes to high-power laser chains.


The DC and RF performances of short-gate AlGaN/GaN high-electron transistors (HEMT) on SiC and sapphire substrates have been investigated. There were differences in surface morphology, electron mobility, and contact resistance between SiC and sapphire wafers. The contact resistance limited and dispersed measured transconductance (gm). The intrinsic gm after subtraction of the source resistance contribution and gate-length dependences of cut-off frequency were the same. These results indicates that the effective electron velocity is the same for both samples. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Objective To evaluate the value of cerebral arteriovenous malformation(AVM)with Onyx.Methods Onyx-18 was used to treat 17 csses of cerebral arteriovenous malformation.The diameter of AVM was all beyond 3 cm.over 6 cm in 11 cases.The diseased region of all cases were of muhiarterial supply.Results In 17 cages of AVM,9 cases were embolizedmore than 100%,6 caBes 80%,and 2 cases less than 50%.17 cases had no compilcations.Conclusion Onyx is an optimal embolization material in the treatment of AVM.but it's necessary to master the correct embolization technique to avoid complications.

Key words:
Onyx; Cerebral arteriovenousmalformation; Blank road map


sociological and anthropological analyses of bodily practices (see especially Alan Williams, Collins, Paul Williams, Saso). This kind of scholarship demonstrates that a variety of approaches is necessary in order to provide an accurate account of attitudes toward the body and analysis of bodily practices. Those essays that do not provide such a philosophical or theological overview and/or semantic analysis are less useful in that the conceptual context for understanding religious practices and comparing them across traditions is not provided. Maurice Leenhardt once asked a Melanesian what the Europeans had brought to his culture; the surprising reply—"What you have brought us is the body" (cited by Jonathan Sawday, The Body Emblazoned [New York: Routledge, 1995], 11). Although it may be methodologically expedient to revert to "common-sense" notions of what constitutes the body, we must be clear that these assumptions emerge out of particular contexts and that other traditions may understand these same "bodies" in very different ways (as Doniger's essay very helpfully demonstrates with regard to Hinduism)—or not as "bodies" at all. Coakley's organization of Religion and the Body, together with the interdisciplinary approach of many of its contributors, ably work to challenge just such Western presumptions.


BACKGROUND
In the absence of clarity in national guidelines, this study aimed to reach a consensus among experts in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) regarding when medication should be initiated or changed in patients demonstrating a gradual decline.

METHODS
An electronic three-stage Delphi exercise was undertaken with 37 leading UK experts in COPD. The panel submitted criteria which they scored in subsequent rounds. Consensus was defined as ≥ 80% of the panel scoring an item as important.

RESULTS
Consensus was reached on seven criteria: decreased exercise tolerance (97%); increased breathlessness at rest or on exertion (97%); quality of life impairment (91%); low or reduced oxygen saturations based on pulse oximetry readings (86%); ability to perform activities of daily living independently (85%); increase in sputum (80%); and increase in wheeze (80%).

CONCLUSIONS
These criteria could be used to guide clinical practice. Empirical research is now required to test their reliability and validity.


In order to strengen the comprehensive and designing experiments and cultivate students' practice and creative ability , this article designed a soccer robot system .The whole system consists of four subsystems: vision subsystem,decision-making subsystem, wirelss communication subsystem and robots subsystem.


Background: The estrogenic endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA), which is used in plastics and resins, may have an impact on the fetus's growth and development and can modify postnatal development. This study aims to assess how bisphenol A affects fetal biometry. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study included 384 healthy Egyptian women in their third trimester during childbearing (15–44 years). They were selected from the outpatient Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Kasr El-Ainy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Fetal biometry was measured and urine samples were collected to estimate BPA levels. Results: Fetal weight, centile, and corrected bisphenol A levels were significantly higher in the studied age groups (P<0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between BPA level and estimated fetal weight, centile, and age of the mother per year. On the other hand, no significant difference was detected with other fetal measurements in the studied groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Fetal exposure to BPA is associated with higher estimated fetal weight and centile commonly in the maternal age range 25 to 35 years.


Algorithms of the rejection method for numerical modelling of the betadistribution are studied. In particular, the method of M. Johnk and the majorant rejection method are considered. These methods have practically equal costs. New algorithm is constructed for parameters larger than 1. This algorithm is based on the ordered statistics technique, and it is more efficient compared to the known rejection algorithms. Introduction In this paper we investigate the algorithms for modelling of the random value β/,μ, which is distributed in the interval (0,1) with respect to the density of beta-distribution: where Β(ι/, μ) = / w"~ (1 wy~ dw First we note that for the integers ν and μ the density (1) is equal to the density of the i/-th ordered statistics among (y + μ — 1) independent values of the standard random number a, i.e., a random value which is uniformly distributed in [0, 1) [5]. A sample from this density is denoted by α4"~~~~). Thus, we obtain the modelling formula in this case: ' (2) In [5], an algorithm for modelling the beta-distribution in the case when only one parameter is integer was constructed. This algorithm is institute of Numerical Mathem. and Mathem. Geophysics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyeva 6, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; e-mail: email@example.com


A single dose marker method was calibrated to estimate intakes of pasture forage by wapiti. Each animal was offered 250 g of alfalfa–barley pellets labeled with chromic oxide (Cr2O3), and freshly v...


This article explores the ambivalent position of Artigas in the political-cultural debate of the Cold War, during the 1950s, when two principal art movements were opposed. On one side, socialist realist tendencies that emerged in post-revolutionary Russia, particularly after the ascension of Stalin, who intended it to be the new art of the proletarian masses, along the lines of cultural policies shared by many communist parties. On another side, concretism, already held as a new avant-garde art of geometrical abstraction, attacked by communist militants for its supposed "imperialist" links. To carry out this exploration, we have mapped the architect's treatment of both currents from two simultaneous fonts. One refers to the writings and classes of Artigas, where it is possible to trace the changes in meaning that each movement underwent throughout his career. The other refers to his projects, where we studied two paradigmatical houses: the Olga Baeta, of 1956; and the Rubens de Mendonça, of 1958. Although the former is usually regarded as "socialist realist" and the latter as "concretist", analysis of the drawings do not permit any narrow bonds to any of them. Both positions are mixed together in both houses, revealing the cultural impasse in which Artigas was set, present in both the texts and buildings, not only regarding the formal development assigned to each of them, but the link between long-term national and political projects.


Health professionals, particularly those in the community, commonly encounter lone parents and their children. What are these professionals to make of lone parents? Do they, for example, have a unique health profile? Should health professionals take their family status into account as a means of explaining their health? Indeed, can lone parents be considered a group at all, in any meaningful sense? Since the late 1970s, British society has grown more and more divided. Alongside this division, the growth of new forms of work has led some theorists to argue that capitalism has entered a new 'post-Fordist' era. The divisions in society have led to the creation of a new 'underclass'. This paper argues that the divisions are within the working class and are composed of a relatively well-off core, alongside a periphery of low-paid, temporary and part-time workers. Lone parents' position in the labour market means that they are part of the periphery. This is evidenced by data from the 1991 Census of Population and the 1992 General Household Survey. The ability of lone parents to change their position is mediated by the lack of affordable child care. The evidence presented is strongly indicative of the peripheral status of lone-parent households, with all that this implies for their health.


This book addresses the latest advances in dark energy research, including addressing the problem with regard to both the origin of dark energy and the origin of dark matter; vacuum energy as the origin of accelerating expansion and issues which arise from such a hypothesis; born reciprocity and cosmic accelerations; cosmic acceleration for harmonic gravitational connections; showing time as a function of the cosmological comoving distance, using the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker model, the dark energy problem using a theory with a minimal length on the order of Plancks length; and a discussion on the kinematic aspects of the accelerated universe expansion process. (Imprint: Nova)


Eastern Indonesia is situated in a very complicated tectonic settings due to the converging of three major plates. Those plates do not have a clear boundary between each other. The boundary zone is covered by many microplates which converging or subducting to each other or create a large dimension of transform fault. Consequently, the region has a relatively higher seismic activity compared to others region in Indonesia, or even we can say, in the world. In this study, we attempt to achieve better hypocenter locations with double-difference method using local earthquake events compiled by MCGA of Indonesia. We selected 3,666 events from 42 stations for time periods of January 2010 to December 2015 which occurred in area around Molucca Collision Zone. Our results show better hypocenter location according to the RMS of time residual shifting. The most significant changes are in the shallow events where fix-depth effect had been removed. Overall, the relocated hypocenter locations show a better distribution ...


Two Spodosols with significant spodic morphological characteristics and clay accumulation were selected from a subalpine forest region where the elevation ranges from 2400 to 2700 meters, with high precipitation and low temperatures, and cool and humid weather conditions prevail. The objectives of this study were to investigate the soil characteristics, weathering patterns of clay mineralogy, and genesis of the two Spodosols with clay accumulation in the Chunta Mountain region of central Taiwan. We have also proposed modification of the description of Spodosols in Soil Taxonomy. Soil characteristics, clay distribution, low soil pH, and very low base saturation percentages caused by strongly leaching processes indicate that podzolization and clay illuviation are the pedogenic processes in the study area. The subsurface horizons of the two Spodosols meet the chemical criteria of the spodic horizon defined in Soil Taxonomy, which suggests that translocation of spodic materials has occurred. The value of organic carbon and Fep/Feo or Alp/Alo ratio reaches a profile maximum in the spodic horizon, which suggests that the spodic horizon was formed predominantly by the illuviation of organo-metallic complexes. Soluble organic matter leached with soil solutions along the soil pores from the upper horizons to the spodic horizon. The spodic horizon is characterized by many black and other dark pellets of organic matter. The clay mineralogy of the A and albic horizons is dominanted by illite, vermiculite and vermiculite-illite interstatified minerals (VI), but the Bhs horizons contain mainly vermiculite and hydroxy-interlayer vermiculite (HIV). The clay mineralogy of the eluvial horizons differs somewhat from that in the illuvial horizons as a result of moderate weathering. The weathering sequence of clay minerals in these two loamy Spodosols is: illite → vermiculite (or VI) → HIV. According to the USDA Soil Taxonomy, the two pedons with clay accumulation can be classified as a Typic Haplohumod and a Typic Haplorthod.


Many epidemic diseases spread among three different populations with different contact patterns and infection rates. In response to such diseases, we propose two new types of three-layer interdependent networks — string-coupled networks and circular-coupled networks. We investigate an epidemic spreading on the two types of interdependent networks, propose two mathematical models through heterogeneous mean field approach and prove global stability of the disease-free and endemic equilibria. Through theoretical and numerical analysis, we find the following: the increase of each infection rate affects effectively only its own subnetwork and neighbors; in a string-coupled network, the middle subnetwork has bigger impact on the basic reproduction number than the end subnetworks with the growth of network size or infection rates; the basic reproduction number on a circular-coupled network is larger than that on a string-coupled network for a fixed network size; but the change of the basic reproduction number (or the average infection densities) is almost the same on both string-coupled and circular-coupled networks with the increasing of certain infection rate.


A study about the diversity of Cyanobacteria is carned out in four locations around Kuching District in Sarawak. They are the Institute of Research center and Fish
Production (To r tambroides's ponds) in Tarat; shrimp aquaculture ponds in Lembaga Kemajuan Ikan Malaysia (LKIM), Tasik Semada in Balai Ringin and Tasik Biru in Bau. This study is designed to gain data about the diversity of Cyanobacteria in Sarawak Lentic Zone. From the study conducted, there nine genus of Cyanobacteria have been identified. They were Anabaena, Microcystis, Lyngbya, Oscillatoria, Spintlina, Anacystis, Chaemaesiphonales, Calothrix, and Gleotrichia sp. Among these genera only Gleotrichia, Spintiina, Chaemaesiphonales have no potential to produce toxin during cyanobacterial bloom. The physico-chemical water parameter that been recorded are in the range of I.94mg/l - 1O.32mg/1 for dissolved oxygen (DO), 29°C - 33 °C for
temperatu re, and 4.63-9.14 for pH.


An antidote plays an important role in medicine. For centuries, antidotes have been given to counteract the effects of poisonous or toxic substances in humans. They are usually administered on an emergency basis after ingestion of a poison. Usually, this is the extent of their use in therapy. Yet since 1953, one antidote in particular has come to play an increasingly important role in an experimental cancer chemotherapy. The antidote, known as Leucovorin Calcium, is being utilized in a sophisticated cancer regimen called "rescue therapy."


The phenomenon of terrorism raises numerous questions. Some are theoretical: What are its causes, and what are its various effects? Others are practical: What is to be done about it? Should terrorism be tackled directly, or is the only really promising way of dealing with it to attend to the grievances that give rise to it? Still others are moral: Just what is it that makes terrorism so thoroughly morally repugnant to most of us? Could it be justifiable under certain circumstances, or is it absolutely wrong? Philosophers are likely to be most interested in the last sort of question. This chapter is an attempt at a definition of terrorism that will capture the trait, or traits, of terrorism which cause most of us to view it with repugnance.


A systematic analysis was conducted of trials comparing the effectiveness of transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEMS) with radical resection (RR) for T1 and T2 rectal cancer.


【Objective】To observe the mechanism and effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor NS398 on proliferation and apoptosis of leukemia cell line K562. 【Methods】The various concentrations of NS398 were added into culture media system to induce apoptosis of leukemia cell line K562. The K562 cell inhibition and apoptosis were detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry and comet assay. Western blot analysis was applied to determination of interrelated protein expression in K562 cells.【Results】NS398 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of leukemia cell line K562 in a dose-and timedependent manner. There were singificantly differences among the various concentration groups (P 0.05). NS398 stimulated caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression at protein level in K562 cells, and promoted accumulation of P53 protein, Bax over-expression and Bcl-xL down-expression.【Conclusion】NS398 significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of K562 cells. It can be concluded that NS398 enhances caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression via post-translational regulation, and provides a new mechanism by which specific COX-2 inhibitors suppress proliferation of leukemia cells. Mechanisms of leukemia cell line K562 apoptosis may be involved in accumulation of Bax by p53 expression and up-reugulated caspase-3 and caspase-9.


As the world is heading towards mobile-mediated transactions, the development of mobile shopping (m-shopping) is expected to change how consumers shop online. The study therefore investigates on the factors influencing consumers intention to adopt m-shopping by extending three additional variables, namely, compatibility (CO), perceived enjoyment (PE) and perceived cost (PC) with the original technology acceptance model (TAM). Experience was also introduced as a control variable in this research. The results via multiple regression analysis (MRA) revealed that only TAM and CO have a positive and significant impact on the intention to adopt m-shopping. PE, PC and experience were found to be non-significant and therefore require further investigation. The findings provide valuable theoretical and managerial implications for both academicians and practitioners. Importantly, the study also serves as a guideline for future research in other emerging or established markets.


Urokinase-plasminogen activator is one of two soluble serine proteases that are produced by humans and that convert plasminogen, an inactive proenzyme present in plasma and other extracellular fluids, to plasmin, a protease with broad substrate specificities. Its activity is involved in processes requiring localized extracellular proteolysis such as fibrinolysis, tissue remodeling, and cell migration. Increased production of urokinase has been associated with cancer metastases. The gene for urokinase-plasminogen activator, PLAU, was mapped to chromosome 10q24-qter. By employing somatic cell genetics, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Southern blot analysis, the authors assign PLAU to chromosome 10q24. Human chromosome segment 10q23-q25 contains the genes for terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase, cytochrome P450IIC, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, and plasma retinol binding protein, which form a syntenic group on murine chromosome 19. It is therfore of interest that PLAU and glutamate dehydrogenase, which are on murine chromosome 14, also map in or close to this region of human chromosome 10.


ABSTRACT An electrochemical method using linear sweep voltammetry techniques was developed to determine nitrite ion in aqueous solution in the presence of nitrate. Nitrite solutions exhibited a well-defined oxidation wave at +1.0V vs SCE at vitreous carbon, while no oxidation process was observed for nitrate solutions. The pH of the nitrite solutions varied from 2.37 to 5.60 and no change was observed in the Ep values, except for the pH 5.60 solution, where little change was verified. The potential also did not vary with change in the nitrite concentration in the 5.0 x 10−5 to 7.0 x 10−4 mol L−1 range. Very good straight lines for plots of current versus nitrite concentration in the 7.0 x 10−5 to 7.0 x 10−4 mol L−1 range were obtained; the correlation coefficient was never worse than 0.990. The nitrite determination was also performed in the presence of 1.0 x 10−3 mol L−1 of NO3 − ions. The addition of NO3 − did not change significantly the current values even when it was added in one hundred times molar ...


Singular value (SV)-based image watermarking has recently been gaining attention. The advantage of this watermarking approach is its robustness to distortion attacks. In this paper, we mathematically prove that SV-based watermarking algorithms are robust against distortion attacks as long as the attacks are not severe. The same mathematical proof, however, also confirms that such watermarking schemes are unfortunately susceptible to false watermark detection. Thus a false watermark (not the embedded one) can be detected from a watermarked image that is not severely distorted or even from an image that is not watermarked. We then propose a method that allows an attacker to claim the ownership of any watermarked image whether or not it is severely distorted. SV-based watermarking algorithms cannot thus be used for protecting the ownership of an image.


Changes in the physiology and cost of living of fish were studied during exposure to simulated global warming and environmental acidification, alone and in combination. Trout were exposed to slightly elevated water temperatures (/27C), in the presence and absence of sublethal acidity (pH 5.2) in synthetic softwater for 90 d (87–127C). Fish were either fed to satiation (ca. 1%‐3% of their wet‐body weight daily) or fed 1% of their wetbody weight once every 4 d. Satiation‐fed fish exposed to sublethal pH showed no ionoregulatory disturbances but exhibited increased appetites and growth compared to fish in control pH waters. In contrast, fish maintained on a limited ration did not grow and showed typical ionoregulatory responses to acid stress, with lower whole‐body Na/ and Cl0 concentrations and greater mortality. Detrimental effects were greater in the global warming scenario (/27C). Overall, a slight temperature increase and sublethal pH increased the cost of living as deter‐mined by increased food consumption in satiation‐fed fish and greater mortalities in fish maintained on a limited ration. Most important, these findings suggest that fish given sufficient food can compensate for increased energy expenditure or difficulties in maintaining ion balance associated with low pH exposure.


To analyze the concepts of individual and multitude produced by authors of XIX century and beginning of XX century, pointing, specifically, with respect to the idea of the multitude, when involved in violence acts, while phenomenon capable to dilute the participant individuals of it.


Cancer genome classification is very important due to its importance in daily life. In few decades hundred thousand people get effected it and it cause of death for them. The major cause of late identification of cancer genome. So in our work we emphasize on three types of cancer genome which belongs to two major types which are bladder and kidney. We discuss the BLCA, KICH and KIRC. Our work explain the real time authenticity of the genome from the normal genome which are named as mutation dataset. We apply the conventional model and compare them with neural network model and found that the neural network performs very well with respect to the conventional model and the given tables also annotate its significance.


Abstract- In Indonesia, The absence of an institution that has the authority to coordinate and strengthen national commitment to the implementation of logistics policy is a constraint in the institutional system of national logistics in Indonesia. This paper conducted a review of the methodology of institutional framework to support cheap, fast and safe multimodal transport logistics system in port of tanjung priok, in an effort to objectify the institutional coordination concept of multimodal transport that can properly support the attainment of the vision in the development of the national logistics system. The method used in the form of qualitative descriptive to explore aspects of transport such as patterns of institutional coordination, range of powers and the institutional level. Meanwhile, multi- methods is used to select the proper transport institutional patterns according to the stakeholders associated with multimodal logistics activities in Indonesia.


In this paper, a definition and function of a curation are extended according to the chance discovery aspects. A new definition, function, and effect of a curation in chance discovery are discussed. First, ordinal types of curation are reviewed. Definition by American Association of Museums Curators Committee (AAMCC) and Digital data curation are shown. Especially the latter is not curation in (art) museum but for digital data. In addition, interesting (from the viewpoint of chance discovery) curatorial cases are introduced. Based on those definitions and applications, a new type of curation in chance discovery is discussed. Our previous researches are also discussed from the viewpoint of curation.


Maternal Health Literacy, Antenatal Care, and Pregnancy Outcomes in Lagos, Nigeria by Olubunmi A. Adanri MA, Illinois State University, 2000 BS, University of Lagos, Nigeria, 1988 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health


Public library is established for the purpose of providing reading resources for readers and guiding readers to get more information,thus the improvement of public library's service is necessary and essential.It should be people oriented,satisfying reader's diverse demands,save readers' time,optimize resources,and promote librarians'qualities.


Objective: Pain and withdrawal movement after rocuronium injection are very frequently seen in clinical practice. In this prospective, double-blind study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of menstrual cycle on withdrawal movement due to rocuronium injection. Methods: A total of one-hundred patients who will undergo elective surgery under general anesthesia were distributed evenly into Groups F (Follicular phase) and L (Luteal phase). Rocuronium-induced witdrawal movement was evaluated using a 4-point scale. This study is registered in the website (clinicaltrial.gov.) Results: The rocuronium injection-related withdrawal movement (RIWM) score of the follicular Group 0 (0-1) was significantly lower than the score of the luteal Group 1 (0-1.25) (p=0.001). Rocuroniuminduced withdrawal movement score of the luteal group was higher than that of the follicular group. And also, there was an increase in hemodynamic parameters in the luteal group after rocuronium injection. Conclusion: We determined that the rate of rocuronium injection-related withdrawal movement was higher in the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase. We also determined that the levels of the hemodynamic parameters were higher during the operation in patients in the luteal phase in whom the rate of withdrawal movement increased.


The safety card includes IC chip, antenna coil. The IC chip through the connection wire is connected to the antenna coil. The circuit of the ratio frequency card composed of the IC chip, the connection wire and the antenna coil is encapsulated in the plastic card. The character is that the switch is installed in the connection wire between the IC chip and the antenna coil. Thus, the card owner keeps the decision-making power whether the information contained in the card is allowed to output so as to protecting the private information.


This article compares the contents and language of the preeminent English Restoration newspaper, the London Gazette , with its French edition the Gazette de Londres . Founded in 1665, and coming out twice a week, the London Gazette was the sole periodical newspaper in England from August 1666 to February 1688. Unquestionably successful, the London Gazette formed an integral part of Restoration life in the capital and beyond. The analysis of eleven numbers of both the English and French versions of the newspaper in the summer of 1669 shows that far from being a straightforward verbatim translation of its English counterpart, as has been previously thought, the Gazette de Londres presents some significant differences from the London Gazette both regarding layout and contents which shed light on news translation generally in the early modern period as well as news management in Restoration England. 1


The fluorescence lifetime of a triphenylmethane dye, malachite green, doped in three glass-forming associated solvents, 1-propanol, propylene glycol, and glycerol, was measured in a wide temperature range. For each sample three temperature regimes were found in the temperature dependence of the nonradiative relaxation time of malachite green. The lower crossover temperature corresponds to the calorimetric glass transition temperature, and the higher one, 30–50 K above the lower one, is attributed to the critical temperature that is predicted by mode-coupling theory.


Employment issues for People With Disabilities (PWDs) currently are being discussed throughout the entire world.According to the statistics of the World Report on Disability 2011, 15% of the population in every country needs legal protection to ensure their
right is respected.For that reason the Malaysian Government has signed the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in 2008, which means PWD's right has been recognized as an important right to be respected.The Person with Disabilities Act, 2008 is


The current experimental work focuses on determining the optimum machining parameter combination for machining AA7068 in wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). WEDM is a promising advanced machining technology, capable of processing complex-shaped components, machining hard/heat treated materials, and cutting conductive ceramics that are complicated to machine using traditional methods. Taguchi's L18 orthogonal array is adopted to conduct the experiments by considering dielectric medium, pulse on time, pulse off time, peak current, gap voltage, and wire feed as input factors. The output responses like surface roughness, material removal rate, micro hardness, recast layer, surface morphology of the machined surfaces and wire tool were considered for study. The ANOVA method was used to analyse the impact of individual processing parameters on material removal rate and surface roughness. Microhardness of the cut surface was studied using Vicker's method. Besides, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray analysis are conducted to examine the surface characteristics and elemental composition of the machined working piece at various cutting parameters (EDX). TOPSIS method is chosen to identify the optimal parametric conditions. From the results, the optimum condition achieves surface roughness (3.684 μm) and material removal rate (5.106 mm3 min−1) respectively.


In this paper, three-dimensional manipulation based on typical optically-induced dielectrophoresis (ODEP) was realized by using different shapes of electrodes and forced in different directions, and parallel three-dimensional manipulation of multiple electrodes was studied. SMMC-7721 cells were manipulated in 8.5% (w/v) sucrose solution, and the direction of the force on the cell (positive or negative) was determined by the frequency of the external electrical signal. We used light patterns of different shapes (dot, stripe, and ring) to achieve three-dimensional manipulation of cells based on positive force and the constricted ring to achieve three-dimensional manipulation based on negative force. We studied the effect of electrode spacing on manipulation when multiple electrodes were simultaneously used for three-dimensional manipulation. To achieve parallel and independent three-dimensional manipulation of multiple electrodes, it is necessary to ensure a large electrode spacing.


The Species-Sorting concept, one of the models developed to explain
patterns in metacommunity structure, suggests that relationships between
biological communities and environmental conditions is the basic means
of the species selection processes. A second concept is Neutral Theory,
and the idea of neutral dynamics underpinning metacommunity structure,
cannot be overlooked. The third mechanism is the Mass-Effect concept,
that focuses on the interaction between environmental condition and
neutral effects. In the present study, we partitioned fish communities
in streams between niche and neutral theory concepts, identifying the
best representation of metacommunity structure, and assessed if linear
and hydrographic distance were equivalent in the representation of
neutral processes. The result points to the importance of species
sorting mechanisms in structuring fish communities with neutral
processes best represented by the linear distances. These results are
important for the fish fauna conservation leading to three
considerations: (i) the variation of the landscape and habitat is
important for the stream fish, (ii) the natural barriers are an
important landscape component to be considered, and (iii) the artificial
barriers (dams and impoundments) need to be planned taking in account
the catchment basin as the landscape unit.


244Background: Implementation of population screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) before colonoscopy can reduce the challenge of the overall capacity of bowel examination and improve survival. Bloo...


Acute calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal-induced inflammation is characterized by the massive release of cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators and, from a clinical point of view, pain and limited joint function. Contrary to the precipitation of urate crystals that can be prevented through the use of hypouricemic drugs, there is no pharmacological therapy that can prevent the formation of pyrophosphate crystals.Polydatin (PD),a natural precursor of resveratrol, is a stilbenoid mainly contained in grape juice and bark of Polygonum Cuspidate. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties have been demonstrated in several experimental models. We have recently shown that this compound is able to prevent the inflammatory response to pathogenic crystals in vitro (1).The aim of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory preventing effect of polydatin in the mouse model of acute crystal-induced arthritis.A suspension of sterile CPP crystals (0.3 mg/20 μL PBS) have been injected intra-articularly (i.a.) into one ankle joint of Balb/c mice under isoflurane anesthesia. Animals were randomized in 5 groups: 1- CPP injection, 2- CPP + PD, 3- CPP + colchicine (control drug), 4- CPP + vehicle (control. N 1), 5- PBS injection (control N. 2). Polydatin and colchicine were administered by gavage (respectively 40 mg/kg and 1mg/kg in 200 μL PBS/EtOH/glucose) at 24, 15 and 1 h before and 1, 6 and 24 h after (prophylactic model) or 1, 6 and 24 h after (therapeutic model) i.a. injection of CPP crystals.Ankle swelling was measured at different time points using a precision caliper. After 48h (peak of the acute phase) mice were euthanized and blood and ankle joints were collected for inflammatory cytokine (IL-1ß and KC) determination and histological analysis, respectively.The mean change in ankle swelling after i.a injection was 0.595±0.434 mm. Prophylactic treatment with PD and colchicine significantly diminished ankle swelling to 0.175±0.115 mm and 0.137±0.100 mm, respectively (Kruskal Wallis p 0.0025; Dunn's post test p < 0.01 CPP vs PD+CPP). The therapeutic administration of PD did not have significant effects on delta swelling (0.468±0.372 mm - PD vs 0.243±0.152 mm - colchicine). In mice treated with CPP crystals, histological analysis revealed areas of edema and increased cell infiltrate in articular and periarticular tissues and the presence of reactive lymphnodes. Tissue necrosis around inflamed tissue has been observed. Treatment with PD importantly reduced cell infiltrate in the prophylactic but not in the therapeutic protocol.Serum IL-1ß and KC levels, which increased significantly (p<0.05) after 48h from i.a injection, diminished in non significant manner after prophylactic and therapeutic treatment. The gene expression study revealed a reduction of IL-1ß and KC mRNA after PD and colchicine treatment in both groups.PD can effectively prevent acute inflammatory response to crystals in the mouse model of CPP arthritis. Oral PD prophylactic treatment showed a similar effect of colchicine in reducing ankle swelling and cell infiltrate. However, only colchicine showed to be effective in the therapeutic protocol.These results raise the possibility that PD might have utility in the prevention of crystal-induced acute attacks in humans.[1]Oliviero F, et al. Polydatin and resveratrol inhibit the inflammatory process induced by urate and pyrophosphate crystals in thp-1 cells.Foods 2019 Nov 7;8(11). pii: E560.Francesca Oliviero: None declared, Francesca Galuppini: None declared, Anna Scanu: None declared, Paola Galozzi: None declared, Vanni Lazzarin: None declared, Paolo Sfriso: None declared, Gianpietro Ravagnan: None declared, Roberta Ramonda Speakers bureau: Novartis, Celgene, Janssen, Pfizer, Abbvie, Lilly, Paolo Spinella: None declared, LEONARDO PUNZI: None declared, Gianmaria Pennelli: None declared, Roberto Luisetto: None declared


Embracing risk and ambiguity, rather than closure and certainty, a third typology of reconciliation theorists have emerged. Calling themselves agonists, they emphasize that reconciliation is fundamentally open-ended, deliberative, and has to strive consciously to include "conflict through other means." Seen through this lens, reconciliation is more a process-oriented activity than an outcomes-driven one. Agonist reconciliation understands its inception as the call, amid conflict, to political community. Its unfolding is described as incessant discourse and debate, and its promise is understood as the commitment never to stop debating the terms of togetherness in a given context. My criticism of this position rests on two points: underestimating what it takes to overcome violence, and its one-sided emphasis on process at the expense of any predetermined outcomes—a situation that would, I argue, be unacceptable especially to those victims of oppression who correctly demand redress and justice as definite predetermined outcomes of reconciliation.


. We derive the Cardano formula of cubic equations by completing the cube, and provide radical solutions to some algebraic equations of higher degree by completing powers. The main idea of completing powers arises from Harrison's center theory of higher degree forms. A very simple criterion for such algebraic equations is presented, and the computation amounts to solving linear equations and quadratic equations.


The essential character of learning lies in that it can help accelerate the growth of an individual in the process of historical civilization. The contemporary innovation of learning, as an undividable aspect of social progression, has been the motive force of the development of society. A variety of key features of learning innovation are being illustrated in the subject of learning, the right of learning, and the intension of learning.


To the Editor:

After our report1 showing the contribution of "inadequate compensatory enlargement" to the development of coronary narrowing, Mintz et al2 in their recently published report confirmed this concept in a larger study population by using a different definition of "inadequate arterial remodeling." However, the assessment of the relative importance of "inadequate arterial remodeling" is highly dependent on the definition used.

As pointed out by Mintz et al, the assessment of the true effect of vessel remodeling on the progression of coronary narrowing would require serial or longitudinal intravascular ultrasound studies (IVUS) over a long time period. However, such longitudinal, serial studies are time consuming and impractical. Consequently, we compared the size of the external elastic lamina (EEL) area (the area within the outer border of the sonolucent zone considered to represent EEL) at the lesion site with those at the reference sites. The proximal and distal reference sites were defined as the sites with minimal narrowing by angiography and the largest lumen area and <50% area stenosis as determined by IVUS. In our study,1 the EEL area of all arteries was larger at the proximal reference sites than at the distal reference sites, and "inadequate compensatory enlargement" was defined …


markers (for example, serologic and fecal inflammatory markers, rather than colonoscopy in IBD)may allow for enrollment and assessment during even such disrupted periods, thereby ensuring fewer patients are denied what may be their only window to receive a novel treatment. Use of clinical research centers rather than hospital-based practices may minimize the need for contact with the healthcare system in the context of these clinical trials. Indeed, such tools, although developed for the pandemic, may confer the added bonus of increasing the portability of these trials, making them more accessible to deserving patients worldwide.


Abstract Immunotherapy has provided a new avenue to treat metastatic cancers, which result in ∼90% of cancer related deaths. However, current immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint therapy (ICT), have met with limited success, primarily due to tumor intrinsic and extrinsic factors that inhibit antitumor immune responses. To overcome the immune suppression of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhance the tumoricidal activity of ICT, phototherapy, particularly photothermal therapy (PTT), combined with nanomedicine has become a viable option. PTT disrupts target tumor homeostasis, releasing tumor associated antigens (TAAs), tumor specific antigens (TSAs), danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and scarce nutrients required to "feed" activated antitumor immune cells. While nanoparticles localize and specify the phototherapeutic effect, they can also be loaded with immune stimulants, TME modulators, and/or chemotherapeutic agents to greatly enhance immune stimulation and tumor killing. Combining these three technologies, which we term nano-ablative immunotherapy (NAIT), with ICT can greatly enhance their therapeutic effects. In this review, we will discuss the successes and limitations of NAIT + ICT. Specifically, we will discuss how the TME limits tumoricidal activity and what should be considered to overcome these limitations.


The South Central Electric Companies (SCEC) system was one of the first operational 500-kV systems in the United States. The increased transmission capability of 500-kV systems emphasized the need for reliability and security of associated protective relaying facilities. Special considerations such as the protection of shunt reactors directly connected to the line and possibilities of higher percentage overvoltages than experienced on lower voltage systems were analyzed. At about the same time, static type protective relaying was being introduced as an improved type of protection. All of these factors are discussed in the development of the overall protective arrangement for the 500-kV lines and associated transformers.