The utility model relates to an ultrafine diamond cutting line, which is characterized by comprising a metal linear basal body, wherein an electrolyzing copper layer is arranged on the outer surface of the metal linear basal body, diamond abrasive granules are continuously fixed and embedded on the electrolyzing copper layer through resin adhesive, and the outer surface of the diamond abrasive granules is provided with a conducting medium layer. The ultrafine diamond cutting line has the advantages that a plurality of slicers can be cut simultaneously, the rate of finished products is high, the surface of the slicer has high quality, and little slicer collapse phenomenon occurs. The notch is reduced when cutting workpieces, which avoids the waste of precious materials. The ultrafine diamond cutting line improves the service life, reduces pollution, and reaches the environment-friendly requirement. Installing the line on a cutting device, the thickness difference and the angularity of the cut slicing materials are greatly reduced, which provides convenience for later work. The ultrafine diamond cutting line not only can be used in the highly-effective and precise processing of silicon crystals in the IC manufacturing field, but also can be used in the cutting and processing of other precious functional crystals and friable hard material, thereby having wide application prospect.


Abstract A new diketopiperazine dimer designated as SF5280-415 (1) was isolated from an EtOAc extract of the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SF-5280 by various chromatographic methods. The structure of 1 was mainly determined by analysis of the NMR spectroscopic data and MS data, along with Marfey's method. This compound is a new diastereoisomer of known bispyrrolidinoindoline diketopiperazine alkaloid WIN 64745, which possesses unique architecture biosynthetically derived from an indole oxidation reaction of tryptophan.


The dictionary research constitutes the main part of metalexicography, it can be divided into four fields of research: the research on dictionary use, the critical dictionary research, the historic...


Becker's Disease is an autosomal recessive type of myotonia
congenita. Worldwide prevalence is about 1/100000. It is linked
to mutations in CLCN1, the gene encoding skeletal muscle
chloride channel. It reduces flow of chloride ions during
repolarization and leads to sustained muscle contractions.
Typical clinical symptoms are myotonic stiffness and "warm-up"
phenomenon.


We show that if R is an infinite ring such that XY ∩ YX ≠ ∅ for all infinite subsets X and Y, then R is commutative. We also prove that in an infinite ring R, an element a ∈ R is central if and only if aX ∩ Xa ≠ ∅ for all infinite subsets X.


The invention discloses a pump-out storage type fusing releaser special for logging. The fusing releaser comprises an outer fishing shell, wherein the top end of the outer fishing shell is provided with a cable connector, the bottom end of the outer fishing shell is provided with an instrument connector, an inner fishing shell, a stop ring, a three-cone sleeve, a snapping device and a fusing release device are arranged in the outer fishing shell, the inner fishing shell, the snapping device and the fusing release device are connected in sequence, one end of the three-cone sleeve is connected with the cable connector, the other end of the three-cone sleeve stretches into the inner fishing shell, the inner fishing shell is provided with a locating hole, the outer wall of the three-cone sleeve is correspondingly provided with a locating groove, a steel ball is placed in the locating hole, the stop ring is arranged between the inner wall of the outer fishing shell and the outer wall of the inner fishing shell, the stop ring limits the steel ball in the locating hole and the locating groove, and the stop ring is connected to the outer wall of the inner fishing shell in a sleeving mode and fixedly connected with the outer fishing shell through a locating pin. The pump-out storage type fusing releaser is reasonable in design, the stop ring is fixed firmly, the release success rate is increased, and the fusing releaser is suitable for all kinds of well conditions.


The detection of pedestrians under less illumination or darker conditions is a key challenge in computer vision and is essential to many applications in the real world including robotics, surveillance, and self-driving cars. For the development of reliable autonomous systems, the performance of the current method for identifying pedestrians must be greatly improved. This work proposes a framework for nighttime pedestrian detection based on Faster RCNN to increase the dependability of features acquired from images taken in the nighttime (RGB images). To optimize the feature learning pipeline, the proposed architecture explicitly integrates a Transformer module and shuffle attention (SA) techniques. Shuffle Attention mechanism integrated with Bottleneck layer to make more attention to the pedestrian region rather than background region. Next Transformer block added in the Backbone to recognize the local and global features that the image possesses. The RGB night time images are curated from the benchmark datasets (ECP, BDD100100k, NightOwl) to represent as much variability with a wide range of light conditions. To analyse the proposed model performance tested with night time images. The experimental findings show that the improved Faster RCNN model raises the average detection accuracy (mAP@50) by 3.4% compared with baseline models. The detection result shows that model had good ability to detect pedestrian at poor light.


Treating cancer tumors is a main goal of cancer research. The author of this paper identifies a new manner to treat cancer tumors more effectively using a recommended architecture of a nanorobot called CANBOT. It contains a number of nano-components: an actuator, temperature sensor, chemical sensor, and microcontroller. CANBOT starts its role by moving toward the tumor cells using the actuator. It senses the tumor cell by capturing its image and sensing its chemicals by the chemical sensor. When CANBOT distinguishes the tumor, it verifies the survival of the tumor cells by its temperature sensor. CANBOT increases the temperature of the tumor cell through the warmer. Sensing of the cancer chemicals starts over to detect the remaining existence of cancer cells. The suggested nanorobot injects the cell with the drug from a tiny tank throughout a nano pump with a small pine needle. A nano-microcontroller controls the mechanism of CANBOT formative the role of each one and the appropriate sequences. The position of the proposed nanorobot is simulated with reference to the position of the tumor using an analytical model. The conclusion is drawn that destroying the tumor requires instilling the robot into the cancer tumor directly for effective treatment. DOI: 10.4018/jcmam.2011100103 58 International Journal of Computational Models and Algorithms in Medicine, 2(4), 57-71, October-December 2011 Copyright © 2011, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Shirinzadeh, Freitas, & Kretly, 2007; Sierra, Weir, & Jones, 2005; Cavalcanti & Freitas, 2005; Mathieu, Martel, Yahia, Soulez, & Beaudoin, 2005; Behkam & Sitti, 2006; Xi, Schmidt, & Montemagno, 2005; Lee, Mahapatro, Caron, Requicha, Stauffer, Thompson, & Zhou, 2006; Fukuda, Kawamoto, Arai, & Matsuura, 1995; Freitas, 2005; Patel, Patel, Patel, Patel, & Patel, 2006; Ikeda, Arai, Fukuda, Kim, Negoro, Irie, & Takahashi, 2005; Xu, Vijaykrishnan, Xie, & Irwin, 2004; Park, Lee, & Lee, 2005; Couvreur & Vauthier, 2006; Gao, Wolfgang, Neschen, Morino, Horvath, Shulman, & Fu, 2004). The main objective of this paper is to match targeted therapies to cancer patients resourcefully and untimely using nanorobots. And the differentiated goal is to be able to abnegate tumor tissue in such a way as to abbreviate the bet of causing or allocating a recurrence of the growth in the body. The approach is conscious to be able to treat tumors that cannot be gained access via conventional surgery, such as abysmal brain tumors. Nanorobotics is the appearing technology area beginning apparatuses or robots whose components are at or access to the scale of a nanometer. More characteristically, nanorobotics refers to the nanotechnology engineering discipline of designing and creating nanorobots, with appliances ranging in amplitude from 0.110 micrometers and combined of nanoscale or molecular constituents. Nanomachines are amply in the research-and-development phase, although any primitive molecular machines have been analyzed. An archetypal is a sensor having a switch about 1.5 nanometers across, capable of counting specific molecules in a chemical archetypal. The first useful applications of nanomachines might be in medical technology, identify and destroy cancer cells (Cavalcanti, Shirinzadeh, Fukuda, & Ikeda, 2007; Leary, Liu, & Apuzzo, 2006; Boning, 2009; Boning, Ono, Nohara, & Dubowsky, 2008; Cavalcanti, Shirinzadeh, Freitas, & Kretly, 2007; Sierra, Weir, & Jones, 2005; Cavalcanti & Freitas, 2005; Mathieu, Martel, Yahia, Soulez, & Beaudoin, 2005; Behkam & Sitti, 2006; Xi, Schmidt, & Montemagno, 2005; Lee, Mahapatro, Caron, Requicha, Stauffer, Thompson, & Zhou, 2006; Fukuda, Kawamoto, Arai, & Matsuura, 1995; Freitas, 2005; Patel, Patel, Patel, Patel, & Patel, 2006; Ikeda, Arai, Fukuda, Kim, Negoro, Irie, & Takahashi, 2005; Xu, Vijaykrishnan, Xie, & Irwin, 2004; Park, Lee, & Lee, 2005; Couvreur & Vauthier, 2006; Gao, Wolfgang, Neschen, Morino, Horvath, Shulman, & Fu, 2004). Nanorobots interact with the cancer cells and based on molecular levels. The main component of the aimed nanorobot architecture is allotted in Section 2. The accomplished architecture design and the behavior of the proposed nanorobot is pioneered in Section 3. In Section 4 a verification of the proposed algorithms is presented. Section 5 demonstrates the system simulation and the results accrediting to the amplitudinous positions of the proposed nanorobot and the tumor. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW Previous researches presented the active components needed in our proposed nanorobot architecture. The proposed architecture consists of number of nano-components: a chemical sensor, a temperature sensor, an actuator and a micocontroller. These main components collaborate to achieve the goals of early detection and treatment of cancer tumor. The next subsections give a brief depiction about the structure and the functionality of these components. 2.1. Chemical Sensor The proposed nanorobot architecture uses the chemical sensors introduced in Cho, Lee, Kong, and Chandrakasan (2007). The basic idea of this type of chemical sensors is to source prearranged current to the carbon nanotube CNT sensors, and read the voltage residential across the sensors. This structural design is striking because the crossing point can vary the measurement ruling by changing the input current. This idea can be comprehensive over a proper current range to accomplish the necessary dynamic range since the system only needs 2% measurement precision across the preferred 13 more pages are available in the full version of this document, which may be purchased using the "Add to Cart" button on the product's webpage: www.igi-global.com/article/early-robot-architecture-cancerhealing/67530?camid=4v1 This title is available in InfoSci-Journals, InfoSci-Journal Disciplines Medicine, Healthcare, and Life Science. Recommend this product to your librarian: www.igi-global.com/e-resources/libraryrecommendation/?id=2


ABSTRACT Spoil piles in the Eskihisar coal mine area, SW Turkey, suffer from numerous problems. In addition, the fact chat height of truck - placed spoil piles on both sides of the haul road will be increased much more in the near future focused the attentions on re-design of spoil piles. This study briefly describes geotechnical characteristics of spoil material and mechanism of instabilities, compares shear strength parameters derived from back-analyses and the laboratory test data, and discusses the influence of design parameters on the factor of safety by using sensitivity analysts There is evidence from the analyses and laboratory shear strength lest data that the use of shear strength parameters defined by linear failure envelope yields results that are comparable with those obtained when non-linear failure envelope is used. Deterministic stability analyses indicated that any build-up of water pressure within the spoil along the haul road will cause a serious reduction in the stability, and the use ...


Language represents one of the main factors that determine the distinctiveness and cultural identity of each branch of sport. Its rich lexicon is an indication of its diffusion and status in the society. A large number of professional and trade jargons such as coaching jargon, sports training terminologies, the language of sport sciences, sport medicine and athletes' and sport fans' slang have emerged from the area of sport. Each of these reflects phonetic, stylistic and morphological features of its national language. Given that English has undoubtedly become the source language of sports terminology with a vast influence on other languages, the aim of this paper is to compare the formation processes in both Czech and English sports terminologies, emphasizing the influence of English on the formation of Czech sports terms.


Books That Don't Make You Blush: No Dirty Laundry Here: Books that are fun to read and appeal to all teens. Whether your interest is clowning around or singing in the choir, there is something here for you. Committee Chair Dr. Allan O'Grady Cuseo says that with their diverse characters, stories, and formats, these books will find an audience anywhere. Criminal Elements: Fiction and nonfiction about teens that find themselves in opposition to or on the wrong side of the law, as well as stories about lives affected by encounters with the legal system, gangs, law enforcement, and prison. According to Committee Chair Michele Gorman, this list will provide a foundation for the upcoming program, Books Behind Bars, to be held at the ALA Annual Conference in New Orleans, LA, on Saturday, June 24, 2006. What Ails You? Fiction and nonfiction about how diseases, disorders and other general health related symptoms affect our lives. Committee chair Paula Brehm-Heeger could not be reached for comment, as she is not feeling well. GLBTQ: Contemporary fiction and nonfiction for teens of all persuasions. Chair Alison Hendon says, "It's about time.


Many words have been written on the subject of the Machine-Readable Cataloging (MARC) Program: the events that led to the pilot project, the development of the format, the operational Distribution Service, the influence of MARC on standardization, and the impetus it gave to library automation projects and to the creation of networks here and abroad. This article serves to gather together all aspects of the national and international MARC system. Much of what follows has been fairly well documented in many published reports, journal articles, etc., and therefore this article relies heavily on that material. A Bibliography based on the article's main headings has been included for those readers who wish to explore any aspect of MARC in greater depth.


The methods to calculate the energy spectra of six kinds of emitting light particles (n, p, a, d, t, 3He) and all kinds of recoil nuclei as well as the double differential cross sections of these six kinds of particles for medium-heavy nuclei with the same six kinds of particles as projectiles in the energy region up to 250 MeV are given in this work. And parts of the calculated results of energy spectra and double differential cross sections of emitting neutrons for p+^208 Pb in comparison with experimental data are also given.


It is widely believed that there are educational benefits to making computer games, but there is no systematic review of research on this topic. This article describes a meta-synthesis of research on children designing and programming computer games that investigates the extent to which there is evidence of benefits for computer science learning and motivation. Over 400 articles were identified, and 68 articles met the inclusion criteria. A systematic analysis and synthesis across studies showed some evidence that computer game design and programming can lead to changes in programming knowledge, problem solving, and computer science attitudes and confidence. However, most of the evidence described engagement in computing-related practices and did not measure learning. The findings were mostly positive, although several studies noted more negative attitudes toward programming after making games. The results were similar across different pedagogical approaches, although social interaction may provide unique opportunities for computer science learning. The synthesis resulted in a list of design elements for studying computer game design and programming activities; these can be used to increase the availability of evidence about learning. The article concludes with the identification of gaps in the research and suggestions for additional research.


The aim of the study is the determination of the hamstrings, hip muscles, and lower and upper muscles' active flexibility. Thus, by using a new method of the measurement of active flexibility which is based on angle degree, we aim to provide information about the contribution ratio of hamstrings, hips, and lower and upper back muscles on reachability performance. A total of 26 physical education and sports science faculty girls (weight: 57.7kg, height: 164.2cm), and 128 boys (weight: 72.1kg, height: 176.9cm) was included. To measure the flexibility of the students the Kinovea-0.9.4-x64.exe program was used. Measurements included tests such as the LUBAD, LBLBAD, LBPAG, SRT and MSRT. In the data analysis one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and the percentage formula: "%= (X / X) *100" was used. Correlations between reachability tests such as SRT and MSRT, and tests which are supposed to measure the lower and upper back effect of reachability LUBAD, LBLBAD are statistically significant (p<0.05). In girls, just 23%, and boys 26% of active flexibility is caused by hamstrings and hip muscles, while in the girls 77%, and in boys, 74% of the active flexibility was caused by the lower and upper back muscles. The girls resulted to use a higher ratio the upper back flexibility to cover the lack of hips, and hamstrings muscles flexibility while they perform reachability tests. Thus, the reachability is not caused just by hamstrings, and hips muscles, but also it is affected by the lower and upper back muscles' active flexibility.


: Robotics research is slowed by three challenges: building a robotics lab is expensive (few participants), everyone uses different robots (participants' findings often don't generalize outside their lab), and there is no internet-scale robotics dataset (no lab has the resources to make many robots do many different tasks to generate data and there is no data in the wild). The solution is to build a "Robotics Research Cloud" consisting of centers filled with remotely operable robots in standardized environments. This would be a valuable resource in pushing forward robot learning as a field by making cutting-edge robotics research broadly accessible, helping the field identify promising new approaches that succeed on agreed benchmarks, and creating a massive real-world robotics dataset similar to those that have revolutionized machine learning for vision and language.


Using unbounded Hilbert space representations basic results on the transition probability of positive linear functionals $f$ and $g$ on a unital *-algebra are obtained. The main assumption is the essential self-adjointness of GNS representations $\pi_f$ and $\pi_g$. Applications to functionals given by density matrices and by integrals and to vector functionals on the Weyl algebra are given.


Background : Child marriage disproportionately affects girls and has an impact on their mental and physical health for the rest of their lives. Not only are they denied the right to choose their own partner, they are marginalized and subject to various religious, societal, political, and cultural practices that fail to honor their basic human rights. This study aimed to examine psychological and social determinants of early marriage in Wonogiri, Central Java. Subjects and Method : A case control study was conducted at 25 villages in Wonogiri, East Java, in December 2018. A sample of 225 women was selected by fixed disease sam-pling. The dependent variable was early marriage. The independent variables were intention, attitude, perceived behavior control, paternal education, maternal education, and information exposure. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results : Early marriage directly increased with strong intention (b= 1.74; 95% CI= 0.9 to 2.45; p<0.001), negative attitude (b= 1.92; 95% CI= 1.17 to 2.67; p<0.001), but dec-reased with strong perceived behavior control (b= -0.92; 95% CI= -1.55 to -0.18; p= 0.013). Early marriage was indirectly affected by paternal education, maternal educa-tion, knowledge, education, family income, gender equality, social norm, and subjective norm. Conclusion: Early marriage directly increases with strong intention, negative attitude, but decreases with strong perceived behavior control. Early marriage is indirectly affected by paternal education, maternal education, knowledge, education, family income, gender equality, social norm, and subjective norm.


The training evaluation index system for the equipment support of battle troops is the idiographic symbol to weigh the collectivity object of the equipment support training.The process to establish the index system are expatiated,the correlative influencing factors and the content are opened out.It also brings forward the method of how to establish the index system,and it has some instructional function to the equipment support training evaluation of battle troops.


Contact maps are two dimensional abstract representations of protein structures. Some patterns in contact maps correspond to configurations of protein secondary structures. Searching for such patterns may typically use a naı̈ve sliding window approach, and we study techniques which accelerate the searching operations in the online setting, including a restricted search algorithm which operates only on relevant areas of the matrix.


This article traces the evolution of Australian migration policy since 1975. It argues that the main factor shaping policy has been interparty competition for influence within Australia's ethnic communities. This has led to a sharp change in the conservative Lib/NCP Government's policy, from a manpower orientation towards family reunion, and in the case of the Australian Labour Party to a downgrading of attention to the labor market implications of migration and, like the Conservatives, a focus on family reunion. This convergence in party policies is fundamentally reshaping the country of origin and to a lesser extent occupational characteristics of settlers entering Australia.


Objective: Pterospermum acerifolium has long been used in folk medicine in treatment ulcer. Therefore, Present study was designed to investigate the antiulcer effect of total methanolic extract of leaves, bark and wood of Pterospermum acerifolium (TMPAL, TMPAB and TMPAW). Methods: antiulcer activity was assessed by using different models of gastric ulceration in rats. Acute gastric ulceration in rats was produced by oral administration of various noxious chemicals including aspirin or ethanol. Anti-secretory studies were undertaken using pylorus-ligated technique. Gastric total acid output was estimated in the pylorus ligated rats. TMPAW, TMPAB and TMPAL were administered in the dose of 200 mg/kg orally in all experiments. Omeprazole, ranitidine were used as a reference drug. Results: In aspirin induced model TMPAW, TMPAB and TMPAL at the dose of 200 mg/kg and omeprazole at 20mg/kg produced a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in the ulcer index and has protection index of 65.94 %, 73.18, 51.78 and 86.54 % respectively. TMPAB at dose of 200 mg/kg and ranitidine at 20mg/kg has shown significant (p< 0.001) reduction in ulcer index upto 52.67 and 36.66 with protection index of 60.55% and 72.53% respectively in ethanol induced ulcer model. In pylorus-ligated rats, TMPAB produced a significant (p<0.001) decrease of gastric juice volume; and significantly inhibited gastric acid. This inhibition was less than that of ranitidine (20 mg/kg). Conclusion: Overall, TMPAB has shown a substantial and significant protection against gastric ulcers in all the models. This protective effect might have been mediated by both anti-secretory and cytoprotective mechanisms.


Abstract Four new Afrotropical species of the ant genus Temnothorax are described and illustrated, all from Kenya. Based upon high resemblance to taxa known from the North African and Iberian territories of the Mediterranean region, these new tropical elements are placed into known Palaearctic species complexes. Specifically, Temnothorax brevidentis sp. n., Temnothorax mpala sp. n. and Temnothorax rufus sp. n. are placed in the laurae species group, and Temnothorax solidinodus sp. n. is placed in the angustulus species group. Two already known Temnothorax species from the region, Temnothorax cenatus (Bolton, 1982) and Temnothorax megalops (Hamann & Klemm, 1967), are also placed into the laurae species group based on the high number of shared morphological characters. Diagnoses for the African representatives of laurae and angustulus species groups of the Afrotropical biogeographical region are provided. A key to workers of the six Temnothorax species known to occur in the Afrotropical biogeographical region is provided, as well as diagnoses of morphologically similar myrmicine genera.


Stem-cell transplantation and genetic therapies offer potential cures for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) but these options require advanced medical facilities and are expensive. Consequently, these treatments will not be available to the vast majority of patients suffering from this disease for many years. What is urgently needed now is an inexpensive oral drug in addition to hydroxyurea, the only successful drug approved by the FDA that inhibits sickle-hemoglobin polymerization. Here we report results of the first phase of our phenotypic screen of the 12,657 compounds of the Scripps ReFrame drug repurposing library using a recently developed high-throughput assay to measure sickling times following deoxygenation to 0% oxygen of red cells from sickle trait individuals. The ReFrame library is a very important collection because the compounds are either FDA-approved drugs or have been tested in clinical trials. From dose-response measurements, 107 of the 12,657 compounds exhibit statistically significant anti-sickling at concentrations ranging from 31 nM to 10 µM. Compounds that inhibit sickling of trait cells are also effective with SCD cells. As many as 20 of the 107 anti-sickling compounds emerge as potential drugs. This estimate is based on a comparison of inhibitory concentrations with free concentrations of oral drugs in human serum. Moreover, the expected therapeutic effect for each level of inhibition can be predicted from measurements of sickling times for cells from individuals with sickle-syndromes of varying severity. Our results should motivate others to develop one or more of these 107 compounds into drugs for treating SCD. Significance Statement The vast majority of patients suffering from sickle cell disease live in under-resourced countries. Consequently, advanced medical facilities required for curative therapies, such as stem cell transplantation and gene therapy, will be unavailable to them for a long time. Hydroxyurea, approved by the FDA in 1998, is the only effective drug that inhibits polymerization of the mutant hemoglobin S that stiffens and distorts ("sickles") red cells, the root cause of the pathology. What is urgently needed now for these patients are additional, inexpensive oral anti-sickling drugs. Our high throughput phenotypic screen of the ReFrame drug repurposing library reported here discovered 107 compounds that are anti-sickling. On a statistical concentration basis, as many as 20 are predicted to be potential drugs. Classification Biological Sciences (Medical Sciences)


For two independently drawn samples of data, a novel statistical test is proposed for the null hypothesis that both samples originate from the same population. The underlying distribution function does not need to be known but must be continuous, i.e., it is a nonparametric test. It is demonstrated for suitable examples that the test is easy to apply and is at least as powerful as the commonly used nonparametric tests, i.e., the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, the Cramer-von Mises, and the Wilcoxon tests.


We study the transverse-field Ising model with interactions that are modulated in time. In a rotating frame, the system is described by a time-independent Hamiltonian with many-body interactions, similar to the cluster Hamiltonians of measurement-based quantum computing. In one dimension, there is a three-body interaction, which leads to string order instead of conventional magnetic order. We show that the string order is robust to power-law interactions that decay with the cube of distance. In two and three dimensions, there are five- and seven-body interactions. We discuss adiabatic preparation of the ground state as well as experimental implementation with trapped ions, Rydberg atoms, and polar molecules.


Spectra of N -substituted amino acids examined in alkaline deuterium oxide and in trifluoroacetic acid show chemical shifts and first-order spin-spin splitting patterns that are useful for identification of N -methyl, N -methylene, N -phenyl, and other groups attached to the nitrogen of an amino acid.


Our previous sequence study showed that alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) had one histidyl residue at position 3 or 4 from the N‐terminus (heterogeneous N‐terminus). Since human serum albumin also has a cupric chelate locus histidine at the third position from N‐terminus, copper(II)‐binding ability of AFP was examined by equilibrium dialysis and gel‐filtration method. AFP could bind one mole of copper(II) ion per mole of protein above pH 6.0 and the pH‐dependence of copper(II)‐binding ability of AFP was quite similar to that of albumin. AFP bound 0.5 mole of copper(II) ion at pH 5.4 which is close to the pK value of imidazole of histidine. Photo‐oxidation of AFP in the presence of methylene blue showed that the loss of copper(II)‐binding ability of the protein was parallel to the destruction of histidine. These results indicate that histidyl residues play some important role in this copper(II)‐binding ability of the protein. Reduced and S‐carboxymethylated AFP also had this ability.


In this study, the ZnO-NiO nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode was applied for the electrochemical determination of dopamine (DA) at pH 7.2 PBS solutions with scan rate 50 mVs -1 . The voltammograms obtained during the oxidation studies revealed that ZnO-NiO NCs facile exhibits better catalytic function towards the oxidation of DA. The developed nanocomposite sensor offered high catalytic activity in sensing the dopamine MCPE application in the development of biosensors. The electrochemical responses of 5×10 −5 M DA and its cyclic voltagramme was recorded in the potential range of -0.2 to 0.6 v vs. SCE in the 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.2 at the BCPE and the MCPE were measured at a scan rate of 50 mVs −1 by cyclic voltammeter (CV) technique was analyzed for BCPE and MCPE. The graph obtained exhibited good linearity between the scan rate (v) and the redox peak current for the ZnO-NiO nanocomposites MCPE with correlation coefficients of R=0.97811, which indicates that the electron transfer reaction was adsorption controlled process. It is expected that its good electrocatalytic behavior the ZnO-NiO NCs MCPE can be used in the development of biosensors and electroanalytical chemistry.


In this paper, we propose the beamforming algorithm for the performance improvement of MIMO MC-CDMA system. The proposed multibeamforming of MIMO MC-CDMA structure having the same number of beamformer as the number of transmit antenna is derived by calculating the error signals between the coded pilot symbols and the corresponding received signals from the multiple transmitters of the desired user in the frequency domain, transforming the frequency-domain error signals into time-domain error signals, and updating the weights of the multibeamformer in the time-domain in the direction minimizing the mean squared error (MSE). The proposed approach can track each direction of arrival (DOA) of the signals from multi-antennas of a desired user. The performance improvement is investigated through computer simulation by applying the proposed approach to MIMO MC-CDMA system in a multipath fading channel with multiusers.


A hybrid strategy of using (i) locally linear embedding for nonlinear dimensionality reduction of high dimensional data and (ii) support vector machines for classification of the resultant features is proposed as a robust methodology for process monitoring. Illustrative examples substantiate the methodology vis-à-vis current practice.


The formation of an alluvial clay deposit normally goes through sedimentation and consolidation. While the bottom portion is undergoing self-weight consolidation, sedimentation continues to take place at the top. However, the deformation behaviour of such deposits upon loading is not well understood. This study investigated the deformation behaviour of ultra-soft soil upon additional load application. Various types of laboratory compression tests were conducted, such as tests using small and large-scale consolidometers, hydraulic Rowe cells under different drainage conditions, Constant Rate of Loading and Constant Rate of Strain tests. Attempts were made to determine the transition point between viscous and plastic deformation. Relationships between the void ratio at a transition stress of 10 kPa and the liquid limit were established. Methods to determine the compression indices and coefficients of consolidation at different stress ranges were developed. An equation for predicting settlement of ultra soft soil in both the viscous and soil stages is proposed and an implicit finite difference model was developed using the large strain consolidation theory proposed by Gibson et al. (1967). The proposed methods were validated against published data, laboratory measurements and a case study.


The study examines the impact of a new kind of impact in the rehabilitation of hemiparetic form of cerebral palsy – a method kinesiotaping «Concept 4 tapes». Within this framework, the receptor patient unit gradually turned on, resulting in a restructuring of the program abnormal movement, the conditions of use of other methods to increase the efficiency and depth of the order of their influence. The advantage of a technique kinesiotaping is the standard approach, allowing you to apply effects diagram method to all patients without loss of efficacy of therapeutic effects.


Given a signed graph (or, in short, sigraph) S= (V, E; σ) on the graph G = (V, E), its line sigraph L(S) is a sigraph defined on the line graph L(G) of G by defining an edge ef in it negative if and only if both e and fare adjacent negative edges in S. In this communication, we define a given sigraph S to be a line sigraph if there exists a sigraph H such that L(H) ≅ S (read as "L(H) is isomorphic to S"). We then give structural characterizations of line sigraphs, extending the well-known characterization of line graphs due to L.W. Beineke.


In studies of the dynamics of charged particles in a cyclotron magnetic field, the specified field is generally B_z in the z = 0 midplane where B_r and B_theta are zero. B_r(r, theta, z) and B_theta(r, theta, z) are simple to determine through a linear expansion which assumes that B_z is independent of z. But, an expansion to only first order may not be sufficient for orbit simulations at large z. This paper reviews the expansion of a specified B_z(r, theta, z = 0) out of the z = 0 midplane to arbitrary order, and shows simple examples worked out to 4th order.


Everyone understands what is meant by the term 'industrial relations' in a generalized way, but it seems that there is no formal definition which can be said to be universally agreed. Several alternative definitions are analyzed in A. I. March's Dictionary of industrial relations: Bain & Woolven in their Bibliography of British industrial relations say 'the subject of industrial relations is defined as the study of all aspects of job regulation—the process of making and administering the rules which regulate or control employment relationships'. Perhaps a simpler definition which appears in an older work may be preferred: J. H. Richardson in his Introduction to the study of industrial relations says 'it is concerned with relations between the parties in industry, particularly with the determination of working conditions. No advantage would be gained in attempting a more precise definition of the boundaries, as there are considerable areas of "no man's land" with other subjects'.


Metabolomics has in the past few years become a versatile approach which is broadly used by industry and academia in the medical, biological and environmental sciences. The analysis of the small molecule composition of a tissue or biofluid sample enables an unprejudiced investigation of changes in a...


SummaryThe present study reports that a revised nutrient concentration in the basal medium improved shoot bud induction and subsequent plant regeneration in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. BL-2). Cultures were raised from immature embryos on MSB5 medium supplemented with picloram. Concentrations of five nutrients were varied. The effect of these nutrients was investigated on (1) induction, (2) induction and subculture, and (3) induction, subculture and regeneration stages. The basal MSB5 medium was not optimal for each phase of barley culture. Decreased ammonium nitrate, increased potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium molybdate, cobalt chloride, and addition of glycine enhanced shoot bud induction and plant regeneration. The different media that were optimal for immature embryo culture were: MSB5 medium supplemented with 20.70 μM picloram, 10.30 mM NH4NO3, 6.25 mM KH2PO4, 2.06 μM Na2MoO4, 0.55 μM CoCl2, and 26.64 μM glycine (for induction); MSB5 medium supplemented with 12.47 μM picloram, 10.30 mM NH4NO3, and 0.55 μM CoCl2 (for subculture); and MSB5 medium supplemented with 0.2 μM picloram and 10.3 mM NH4NO3 (for regeneration). Primary cultures required 6wk (without transfer) for morphogenic callus formation. Callus required 4wk of subculture and another 4wk on regeneration medium for optimal plant regeneration. The revised medium could also promote regeneration of the recalcitrant barley genotype RD-2552. Histological analysis showed that the major pathway of differentiation was through shoot bud formation.


Application of SPSS statistical software,three years traffic accident statistical data were analyzed,and the Q type cluster analysis with Euclidean distance and Ward's method is used to,identify road accident-Prone section.Practice shows that: principal component cluster analysis method can not only carry out scientific statistical analysis,makes the comprehensive evaluation to various cluster,but also can fully reflect the actual situation traffic safety of each section,provides the basis for the traffic safety improvement decision-making.


Resident standardization training is a major part of education of medical students after graduation, and is extremely important for high-level physician training and raising the quality of medical treatment. We trained the residents comprehensively according to the characteristics of echocardiography in terms of theoretical knowledge, clinical manipulative skills, clinical thinking ability, scientific research ability and communication and team cooperation ability, and carried out the relative examination according to the training. On the basis of practice, we explored the establishment of a standardized training mode and evaluation system suitable for echocardiography resident doctors in China.

Key words:
Resident; Standardization training; Echocardiography; Professional ability


We develop a Bayesian treatment of the problem of detecting unmodelled gravitational wave bursts using the new global network of interferometric detectors. We also compare this Bayesian treatment with existing coherent methods, and demonstrate that the existing methods make implicit assumptions on the distribution of signals that make them sub-optimal for realistic signal populations.


Background. Although atrial septal defect is a common congenital heart disease, its evaluation by two-dimensional echocardiography is limited because the en face view of the atrial septum is not seen. We performed three-dimensional echocardiography to observe the en face view of atrial septal defect to measure the defect size, and we compared the results to surgical findings.Methods. We studied 17 patients (5 men and 12 women) who underwent surgical closure of an atrial septal defect using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. The en face view of the defect was viewed, and short- and long-axis diameters of the defect were measured. The shape of the defect was also compared to surgical findings.Results. A significant positive correlation existed between long-axis diameter on three-dimensional echocardiography and that measured during surgery (y=0.89x+6.24, r=0.95, pConclusions. The dimensions and morphology of atrial septal defects measured by three-dimensional echocardiography matched well with surgical findings, suggesting that three-dimensional echocardiography is useful for preoperative planning.


Reliability of micro-gears is known to be adversely affected by wear. In this work we report a strategy to predict local wear with the aim of predicting their effective life span. For the prediction of local wear we start from the relevant model experiments, choice of a suitable wear model and identification of the wear coefficient from these experiments. This wear model is then implemented in an efficient finite element based scheme to predict local wear. Here we report the further development of this finite element based wear simulation tool, the Wear-Processor, to handle this multi time scale problem of gear tooth wear. It eywords:


Leukocytolysis was determined under conditions of hypokinesia of 10 days to 1 month duration in healthy persons and in experiments on albino rats of 1 month duration. It was found that prolonged restriction of movement resulted, both in clinical and experimental conditions, in a considerable increase of leukocytolysis (by two-three-fold). Leukocytolysis also continued for several days after cessation of hypokinesia.


Table 8.1: Percentage distribution of workers by status in employment, all ages (UPSS), (1999-2000 to 2011-12) Years Status in Employment(%) Self-Employed Regular Salaried Casual Labour 1999-2000 Total 52.8 14 33.2 Male 51.5 17.2 31.3 Female 55.8 7.1 37.1 2004-05 Total 56.9 14.3 28.9 Male 54.7 17.2 28.1 Female 61.4 8.3 30.3 2009-10 Total 51 15.6 33.5 Male 50 17.7 32.2 Female 53.3 10.1 36.6 2011-12 Total 52.2 17.9 29.9 Male 50.7 19.8 29.4 Female 56.1 12.7 31.2 Source: NSS, 55 th Round (1999-2000), 61 st Round (2004-05), 66 th Round (2009-10) and 68 th


(57) Abstract: A To provide a coating composition having cure rates in UV light not readily accessible places can be acceptable in environmental temperature. A least one photoinitiator, and an organic comprising at least one compound a polymerisable or curable organic material with a basic catalyst comprising a reactive group and at least one polyisocyanate and isocyanate material, the photoactivatable coating composition comprising comprising at least one thiol group is reactive groups and isocyanate, and, photoactivatable, wherein the photoinitiator is a photo-La tent base coating composition.


Abstract This article contributes to the theorizing and clinical use of therapeutic writing in psychotherapy through the lens of the grief memoir. To this end it undertakes an analysis of two memoirs, Lucie Brownlee's Life After You (2014) and Susan Duncan's Salvation Creek (2006). This research draws and expands on James Pennebaker's expressive writing paradigm and links autobiographical writing to Dialogical Self Theory. It identifies how the authors voice subject positions such as the bereaved self and the remembered other, and, importantly, how writing positions and repositions such selves to facilitate the rebuilding of identity disrupted by loss and recovery from grief.


The State Rail Authority awarded a contract for seven two-car diesel powered train sets to United Goninan in December 2002. The first set is due for completion in December 2004. The contract includes two options, one for a further five rail cars, and another for one three-car train set modified for long distance travel. The contract provides United Goninan with an opportunity to develop a vehicle platform that will be suitable for applications in other markets. This paper describes the technical features of these rail cars as well as the challenges involved in developing a design for a relatively small number of highly sophisticated vehicles. The specification includes requirements for very high levels of crashworthiness, passenger comfort, accessibility, a sophisticated train operating system, and a structured systematic approach to the engineering management of the project. The paper provides details of how these requirements are addressed, as well as the way in which stakeholder requirements are identified and managed through user-centred design. The design draws heavily on experience gained from the design and manufacture of the Prospector high-speed diesel train sets supplied to WAGRC. The cars will be equipped with Cummins QSK-19 diesel engines, Voith T312 transmissions and United Goninan-designed bogies.


The stability of forward and rearward slug flows due to the motion of a body through a perfectly conducting liquid with an embedded magnetic field aligned to the direction of motion is studied. It is found that, for sub-Alfvénic flows, the forward and rearward slug flows predicted by Stewartson, Leibovich and Ludford are stable. For super-Alfvénic flows, if at all meaningful, both the forward and the rearward slug flows are stable also.


used in our intermediate fidelity models in [5, 4, 3]. We largely follow the notation in [6], as well as some of the scaling techniques presented there. We assume that we can look sequentially at the assumptions; we first consider the assumption regarding the uniform temperature for a transient problem without gas flow and steady-state problems with gas flow; we then discuss the mass and species balances used, assuming a uniform temperature.


In this paper we study the Cauchy problem at three different initial energy levels for the quasilinear hyperbolic equation with nonlinear damping and source terms. In the frame of potential well theory, we investigate the blowup of solutions with concavity method at both low and supercritical initial energy level. Moreover the global existence and asymptotic behavior are concerned.


This article demonstrates how you can make use of the tools that have been provided for on-line querying of data resources. These tools rely on others (such as the NLM and NCBI) providing and documenting appropriate web interfaces. The tools described here allow you to either retrieve the data (usually in XML) or have it rendered in a browser on the local machine. To do this you will need the Biobase, XML, and annotate packages. The functionality in this article was first described in (Gentleman and Gentry, 2002), although some enhancements have been made since the writing of that article. Assembling and using meta-data annotation is a non-trivial task. In the Bioconductor Project we have developed tools to support two different methods of accessing meta-data. One is based on obtaining data from a variety of sources, of curating it and packaging it in a form that is suitable for analysing microarray data. The second method is to make use of on-line resources such as those provided by NLM and NCBI. The functions described in this vignette provide infrastructure for that second type of meta-data usage. We first describe the functions that allow users to specify queries and open the appropriate web page on their local machine. Then, we investigate the much richer set of tools that are provided by NLM for accessing and working with PubMed data.


hings have never been as good for India as they appear to be today. Its economy has grown by nearly 6 percent annually for the past quarter-century— virtually unprecedented for any sizable democratic polity. In contrast to the near-famine conditions of the mid 1960s, the country sits on a mountain of grain surpluses and poverty levels have almost halved since that time. Fertility rates, too, have nearly halved during the past few decades, while literacy and health indicators have steadily climbed from their erstwhile dismal levels. This sharply improved economic performance is rooted in a burgeoning middle class, estimated to be almost one-quarter-billion people. During the 1990s, India's democracy faced severe challenges from the forces of Hindu nationalism, but that threat, too, has ebbed in recent years. Following its loss in the 2004 general elections, the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP—Indian People's Party) is in disarray. While the events of the 1990s engendered trepidation in India's religious minorities about the country's commitment to secularism, current political conditions appear to allay those fears. Today, for the first time, this country in which four-fifths of the population is Hindu has a Sikh prime minister, a Sikh head of the army, a Muslim president, and, as its most powerful political personality, a Catholic-born Italian Indian. Internationally, the nation is thriving as well. India is being courted by the world's major powers—a sharp contrast to the pariah status that it earned following the nuclear tests of 1998. China's spectacular growth has raised apprehensions among other countries in the region, thus leading both the United States and Japan to court India more assiduously. In turn, China has tried to strengthen its relations with India to preempt Indian involvement in any alliance against it. Trade with China has grown exponentially—from less than $1 billion a decade ago to nearly $14 billion in 2004. Chinese premier Wen Jiabao's recent visit to India was a remarkable testimony to improved relations between the two neighboring giants, given their strained relations since India's humiliating defeat by China in 1962. Even neighboring Pakistan has been forced to rethink its relationship with India. In 2002, the countries' dealings were at such a low ebb that almost one million troops faced o≠ against each other. But with the larger powers courting India, and facing a very di≠erent international environment, this long-strained relationship has begun to thaw. The cross-border movement of people across divided Kashmir that commenced this April has raised cautious hopes of progress on an issue that has bedeviled the region for nearly six decades. There has been a singular change of attitude within India as well. Its elites, basking in the glow of international attention, are convinced that their giant nation's time has finally arrived. The unprecedented self-assuredness extends beyond the business class to a large number of the young urban educated, who are riding a wave of self-confidence generated by India's informationtechnology (IT) boom. The exceptional confluence of good news—economic, political, international, internal—might seem to indicate that India's moment has finally arrived. Or has it? Is India's future akin to an Asian European Union—a liberal, democratic, multinational polity (albeit with lower levels of income)? Or is Brazil the more likely model—a giant system that has become wealthier but remains extremely unequal, and is a±icted by high levels of endemic violence? Or could India go the bleak way of Indonesia—a sprawling but weak polity led by governments with ostensible power but little authority; one that, despite its size, is likely to continue to languish in the minor leagues?


The main objective of this paper is to provide a measure of fiscal capacity and fiscal effort of the state governments in Malaysia by using the approach originally proposed by the now defunct U.S. Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (ACIR) – the representative revenue approach (RRS). However, the study is limited to the analysis of land tax. The results indicate that state governments differ significantly in terms of their tax capacity, as well as their tax effort. The states of Pahang, Perak and Terengganu are found to have above average land tax capacity. However, these states do not seem to be able to leverage on their capacity as demonstrated by the level attained in relation to the tax effort index. The relationship between tax effort and fiscal position is also examined to determine whether fiscal deficit or surplus is influenced by the level of tax effort exerted. The results sufficiently demonstrate that states with higher tax effort have lower deficit or higher surplus as compared to states with lower tax effort.


The plantation is a strategic sector in poverty alleviation. In the Aceh Tengah district, coffee is one of the leading plantation commodities that can increase the pace of the regional economy. Gayo coffee has a distinctive aroma and has a high price. Although generally, the people there are active in producing coffee, there are still poor people. It is necessary to analyse the impact of coffee production in reducing poverty in farming communities in Aceh Tengah district. This study uses a probit regression analysis method to see the characteristics of coffee farmers with significantly different non-coffee farmers. It then uses a Propensity Score Matching (PMS) analysis to see the impact of coffee production in reducing poverty farming communities in Aceh Tengah district. This study indicates that the characteristics significantly differ between coffee farmers and non-coffee farmers are age, education, access to food, eating little food, and assets having a motorbike. The per capita consumption of coffee farmers is not higher than that of non-coffee farmers, but the holdings of coffee farmers are more than those of non-coffee farmers.


A 42‐year‐old woman developed a superficial basal cell epithelioma in a smallpox vaccination scar. After reviewing similar reports in the English literature, I believe any unusual change occurring in a vaccination scar, either simultaneously or years later, should be viewed as a possible malignancy and treated accordingly.


In this essay we look to reflect on the problems of noise pollution emitted by aircrafts, in the vicinity of airports and how they seek to rectify this. A complex issue with many conflicting interests, on one hand the welfare of the people who live near the airports, and on the other hand, the necessary growth and expansion of airport infrastructure, to provide economic development to the city and surrounding areas. One of the measures to mitigate the noise impact is to apply operational restrictions on the loudest aircrafts. We will dedicate a study to this measure in collaboration with Barcelona airport, this is motivated by a resolution of the Agencia Estatal de Seguridad Aerea (AESA), published in the Boletin Oficial del Estado (BOE). This explains the operational restrictions to be introduced from the 1st of January of 2012 in Barcelona airport. To understand and interpret the resolution we will need to know some concepts such as: noise quantification; ICAO's classification for aircraft's noise certification, and the applicable laws that lead airports to take operational restrictions which set action plans to mitigate the noise impact. We must emphasize the fact that noise laws are becoming more restrictive due to the growing use of aircraft as a transportation medium. As demonstrated in our research, manufacturers and airline companies continue to use technological developments to create quieter fleets in anticipation of increasingly severe regulations.


This article discusses issues related to the use of the preservative 2-phenoxyethanol in medicine and cosmetology. The scope of this substance in various types of medical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, its presence in nature, in plants such as avocados, green tea, is described. The physical properties of 2-phenoxyethanol and its mechanism of action are considered. It substantiates its content in goods in disinfectants and skin antiseptics (2 %) and perfumes and cosmetics (1 %). Potential safety issues with this substance are discussed. The absence of irritating effects on the skin, the absence of allergic reactions to the mucous membrane of the eyes, the absence of contact allergies and photosensitization, the absence of toxicity and hemolytic effect have been shown.


There are several reports on the enhancement of low field electron mobility in SOI thin-film fully depleted Si-MOSFETs. This behavior is attributed to channel inversion layer broadening and reduced SiO/sub 2//Si interface scattering with the reduction of transverse electric field in SOI MOSFETs. In this short paper, the tensile strain existing in the surface Si layer of SOI structures and its effects on the mobility behavior of SOI n-MOSFETs are discussed.


Augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) headsets have attracted millions of users and gained predictable popularity. However, long-period usage of immersive technology may lead to health issues (e.g., cybersickness, anxiety). In this poster, we design a low-cost and personalized healthcare monitoring system grounded on vital sign tracking (i.e., breathing and heartbeat rate tracking), by exploiting built-in AR/VR motion sensors. The key insight is that the conductive vibrations induced by chest and heart movements can propagate through the user's cranial bones, thereby vibrating the AR/VR headset mounted on the user's head. To realize this system, we design signal processing techniques to cancel the human motions and derive the periods of breathing and heartbeat through frequency-domain analyses. We further design a user identification scheme based on respiratory and cardiac biometrics, which works with vital sign monitoring to provide personalized healthcare recommendations. Our experiment shows that the proposed scheme can achieve less than 5.7% error rate on breathing/heartbeat rate estimation and 95% accuracy on user identification.


The systematic treatment of uncertainties associated with forest production processes allows the establishment of technical and managerial strategies to mitigate the risk inherent in the application of capital demanded in the production of cuttings. Therefore, the aim of this research was to ascertain the unit risk to produce Eucalyptus cuttings using the Monte Carlo simulation method. Based on the estimate of the production cost of Eucalyptus cuttings and in the expected revenues of six productive systems, characterized as forestry investment projects, it was possible to construct cash flows followed by the metrics used for the decision of mutually exclusive investment projects. The incorporation of risk analysis had as propositions the uncertainties associated with the productive factors, in which probability distributions were attributed. Then, pseudorandom numbers were generated by the Monte Carlo simulation method, with the purpose of measuring the stochastic economic values and the probabilities of occurrences for the project metrics. The stochastic results showed that the probability of economic viability for the analyzed conditions is null. The most critical stochastic variables of forestry projects are investments and the cycle production of cuttings.


Memory-Centric X-ray Computational Tomography(CT is an iterative reconstruction technique that minimizes redundant computations with higher memory accesses. MemXCT implements a sparse matrix-vector multiplication(SpMV with multi-stage buffering and two-level pseudo-Hilbert ordering for optimization. Motivated by the need to validate conclusions from previous work, we reproduce the numerical results, the algorithms performance and the scaling behavior of the algorithms as the number of MPI processes increases on Azure.


An exact static solution of the system of Einstein–Maxwell field equations in the absence of charge is obtained when both the metric tensor gαβ and the Maxwell field tensor Fαβ exhibits plane symmetry in the sense that both remain invariant under the group of motions that characterize plane symmetry. Our solution generalizes the empty space-time solution with plane symmetry previously obtained by Taub to the situation when static charge-free electromagnetic fields are present. We hope to discuss non-static solutions of Einstein–Maxwell fields with plane symmetry as well as some other considerations in a subsequent paper.


As the application field of magnesium alloys broadens, it is essential to develop magnesium alloys with combination of high strength and high formability. A newly designed TRC-ZAEX2100 alloy sheets were fabricated via twin-roll casting (TRC) and subsequent hot rolling, and the corresponding variations of microstructure, texture, mechanical property and stretch formability were investigated. The results showed that TRC-ZAEX2100 alloy sheets with high strength and high formability were produced and the related yield strength along RD reaches 201.2 MPa together with excellent IE values of 6.23 mm. Refined grain size, weakened basal texture and promoted mechanical property and formability were obtained via suitable alloying addition method. A massive amount of secondary phase particles with uniform distribution were induced by TRC process, which leads to further improvement of comprehensive performance. Therefore, the strengthening mechanisms for TRC-ZAEX2100 alloy sheets are related to solution strengthening, precipitate strengthening and grain boundary strengthening. The in-plane anisotropy of mechanical properties is dominated by distributions of Schmid factors for basal slips, which is ascribed to the variation of texture characterization. Ultimately, such developed alloys are expected to make comprehensive performance meet the increasing needs of various industries.


The positive effect of thinning on individual tree growth is well known, but the subsequent growth dynamics of individual trees over a rotation is relatively unknown, even though this is critical for interpreting actual thinning effects. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the thinning response of individual tree growth dynamics of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) over rotation using an individual tree growth model. We used data from an operational site to use as input to the Mixedwood Growth Model, an individual tree growth model, to simulate tree growth throughout the rotation. Overall, we found that thinning increased the absolute growth of individual trees and reduced the growth heterogeneity throughout the rotation. Combining pre-commercial thinning prior to commercial thinning provided maximum growth and less growth variability in individual trees. The positive effect of thinning was immediate and declined with time since thinning with most of the responses occurred within the first 10–15 years of thinning.


Complex decision-making groups depend on learning that cannot occur without reflection. Learning in teams does not occur spontaneously; it requires deliberate allocation of the precious resource of time to that process. This chapter presents a framework for thinking about team reflection and guidelines for becoming effective at it. Empirical work in 150 companies has demonstrated that team reflection on objectives, strategies, processes, and environments may be the most critical factor leading to team effectiveness. The learning from reflection makes innovation possible. Innovation also depends on low market share, emphasis on quality, and use of teams. Teams may contribute, because they represent the best way of increasing the employees' sense of involvement or empowerment. However, it is harder to work in teams. And, an unsafe environment, such as one where downsizing is a threat or a recent experience, will impede the risk taking that innovation requires.


The role of astrocytes in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains poorly understood. We assessed the consequences of ablating astrocytic proliferation in 9 months old double transgenic APP23/GFAP‐TK mice. Treatment of these mice with the antiviral agent ganciclovir conditionally ablates proliferating reactive astrocytes. The loss of proliferating astrocytes resulted in significantly increased levels of monomeric amyloid‐β (Aβ) in brain homogenates, associated with reduced enzymatic degradation and clearance mechanisms. In addition, our data revealed exacerbated memory deficits in mice lacking proliferating astrocytes concomitant with decreased levels of synaptic markers and higher expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Our data suggest that loss of reactive astrocytes in AD aggravates amyloid pathology and memory loss, possibly via disruption of amyloid clearance and enhanced neuroinflammation.


Spatial uniformity of electron emission from velvet cathodes has been measured by observing the distribution of electrons hitting the anode in a planar high-voltage diode. It is shown that unless all electrons move parallel to the diode axis, the electron distribution measured at the anode does not represent the cathode emission pattern. Here, parallel trajectories were achieved by applying a strong, uniform axial magnetic field. A 5 ns gated ICCD camera recorded light from a fast anode scintillator. The emission from two brands of velvet was found to be mostly concentrated in small spots with density of about 55/cm2. The pixel-to-pixel standard deviation of the emission amounted to at least 16%.


ion is another key feature that contributes to understanding of the non-professional by referring to reduced information about design at a certain level. A high level of abstraction may not sufficiently present the proposal and a low level of abstraction may overwhelm the viewer with the information he does not need and understand. According to Bares-Brkljac (2009), the collective effect of accuracy, realism and abstraction in relevance to the form, influence observer's perceptual responses. And now the architect is in charge of defining the level of abstraction necessary to communicate the design idea as part of his intellectual new role in the profession.


Objective:To evaluate the effect of decompression on the large jaw bones cysts.Method:54 cases with eligible patients were treated with fenestration technique.By periodically observing the cysts cavity from 9 to 36 months after the operation.Result:54 cases had been gradually replaced by the new-bones from 3 to 6 months after the operation with no recurrence.Conclusion:Decompression is a simple surgical approach with few complications,which can keep the integrity of jaw bones and not affect the agenesis of jaw.


AIM: To provide the applied ground of the formulation of Rhizoma Phragmitis by setting up a fingerprint of Rhizoma Phragmitis. METHODS:We gained the extracts of Rhizoma phrapmitis by acetone extraction and assayed its extracts by means of HPLC, with a mobile phase of water (1% acetic acid)-water(5% acetonitrile) on inertsil ODS-3 column. an ultraviolet detector was at 250 nm. RESULTS:Fingerprint was established on the basis of the relative retention value and the relative peak area. CONCLUSION: The method is of high sensitivity and good reproducibility.


Firstly, the pilot scale experiment of glyoxal modified cross-linked polyacrylamide (GPAM) was conducted according to the synthesis process found in the laboratory. Then, the pilot products were used to enhance the strength of hand-sheets. And the strengthening effects in different types of paper were investigated. The results showed that the pilot products had good strengthening effect which was as good as that of products obtained in the laboratory. Through pilot trails, the feasible technical conditions of GPAM were presented to meet the industrialization.


The optimization process of large-scale computational problems presents various issues that need to be solved in order to achieve favorable results. One of the most significant challenges faced is the computational costs of these problems. These costs force researchers to use large-scale computational resources. Parallel implementations of different algorithms may be considered. However, these techniques present issues when dealing with problems in which a high variability in the execution time of the evaluation function takes place. This paper presents an algorithm designed to efficiently optimize these large-scale optimization problems with different execution times for the evaluation of the candidate solutions. Production grid computing infrastructures are used to carry out these optimizations. The own paradigm of the grid introduces new challenges in the process that must to be taken into account in the design of the algorithm.


The admission of neutropenic patients (pts) to intensive care units (ICU) is controversial, especially when mechanical ventilation is required. Knowledge of the relative prognostic impact of factors related to the underlying disease and to the severity of acute organ failures might help avoiding futile admissions. We retrospectively assessed predictors of 30-day mortality in neutropenic ( 500/ul). Pts who died were more likely to have non-M3 AL subtype vs M3 (p=0.037), to have ≥ 2 acute OSF vs


Generally, Around View Monitoring (AVM) system is consisted of four cameras and each camera image is stitched into a single image. AVM system is used in lane detection or object detection like pedestrian detection. To avoid the inconsistent performance due to deviations of camera installation, the camera should be installed and calibrated at the first time. After then, if the image is inconsistent due to camera angle deviation, the camera must be recalibrated. This paper presents an auto-image calibration for the AVM system. If the angle change is small, this method can calibrate the angle of the image viewpoint instead of re-installing the camera position. For front camera x-axis angle shift calibration, we use vanishing point and features of the vehicle body where the camera is installed.


A novel kinetic mechanism of esterification reaction of 1-hexanoic acid with 1-butanol,catalyzed by lipase, was studied in water-in-oil microemulsions. The microemulsions were formed by alkyl polyglucoside C10G1.54/1-butanol/cyclohexane/phosphate buffer solution. The restult shows that when the ratio of mol concentration of 1-butanol to 1-hexanoic acid is about 3.0,the initial rate V0 get the maximum values. This phenomenon was explained by the modified fishlike phase diagrams.


Studying Marketing mix factors affecting healthy eating behavior. The purpose is to study. Consumer behavior in buying healthy food.And marketing mix factors affecting healthy eating behavior. The population in the study is Those who use DRESSED restaurant service at Exchange Tower Asoke selected 197 samples by using data collection tools. The questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were analyzed by percentage, mean, T-test, ANOVA, Regression and Chi-square.The study indicated that Most respondents were female from 21 to 40 years old. And a career as a private employee. The marketing mix of products and prices is at a high level, with emphasis on The quality of the ingredients used in cooking and the variety of prices to choose from. Distribution channels and marketing promotion were at medium level. Healthy eating habits Mostly choose to consume foods that are low in calories. Eat in dinner And eat clean food for 1-2 years. Buy a clean meal by famous people. Get clean information from the internet and buy clean foods to keep you healthy. Good shape The results of the hypothesis test showed that Different gender personal factors. Affecting the buying behavior of healthy foods is not different. And personal factors of age. Education Different career affecting the buying behavior of healthy foods is different. Personal factors in product marketing are those that are used to cook food, quality ingredients, and price. Most food prices are cheaper than other restaurants in the area.And there are a variety of prices to choose from. Marketing promotion is a discount card for regular customers. Influence on healthy eating behavior. At a significant level of 0.05. And personal factors related to age are correlated with food buying behavior, the type of healthy food consumed on a regular basis. To buy clean food. Time to choose healthy foods. Food information awareness And the time to eat healthy food to date. Career is related to the duration of healthy eating to the present and the purchase of clean food. The level of education correlated with the purchase of clean food. Food information awareness and clean food. At a significant level of 0.05. Suggestions for the study The entrepreneur should pay attention to the selection of quality raw materials for cooking healthy food. Cleanliness And the beauty of the food set. To be suitable for quality. Various prices are displayed in the menu. Organize a knowledgeable staff on clean food to advise customers on how to buy clean foods that are truly beneficial to customers. There are public relations of food distribution through various channels that reach the target customers, such as through channels. Social media (Facebook, Instregram, Line)


ABSTRACT Nanoparticles (NPs) have a variety of applications in different fields. Green method of NP synthesis is an exciting field and recently has gained more attention. In many green methods, plant extracts are used, and in a few studies, animal milk has been used to synthesize metal NPs. Many studies have aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) for agricultural use, however, there are many other applications where green NPs can be used. In this work, we examined the electrochemical behavior of Ag NPs synthesized using cow and goat milk at two different temperatures. Synthesized NPs at temperatures of 25 and 37°C were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red measurements, dynamic light scattering measurements, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry experiments were performed using two buffer systems: the phosphate, and Tris-HCl, at pH = 7.4. The results showed that the average size of Ag NPs made using goat milk does not change significantly with temperature compared to Ag NPs made using cow milk. Here we demonstrate that Ag NPs synthesized display redox properties that have potential to use in applications relevant to other fields such as biosensing, electrocatalysis, and nanoelectronics. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


This paper mainly studies the welding of stainless steel 321 and carbon steel Q245R dissimilar steel. Welding tests of stainless steel 321 and carbon steel Q245R are carried out by A-TIG welding method. The effect of active agent on weld penetration, weld formation and inner hole slag inclusion is studied. The mechanical properties of welded joints is measured by tensile and bending mechanics tests, and the macroscopic and microscopic structures are observed. Furthermore, these tests and research results are compared with conventional TIG welding. The results show that the welding of dissimilar steel with A-TIG welding method is well formed, and there are no pores, cracks and slag inclusion in the weld. The weld microstructure of the two welding methods is mainly austenite and ferrite. In the Q245R side heat affected zone (HAZ), the migration of carbon elements is obvious, but the A-TIG welding joint is superior to the conventional TIG welding in strength and toughness.


As more low power devices are needed for applications such as IOT, reducing power and area is becoming more critical. Reducing power consumption and area caused by using full scan should be considered as a method to help achieve these stricter requirements. This is especially important in designs using near-threshold technology. In this work, we use partial scan to attempt to improve power, performance and area on a CPU core and a GPU shader core. We present our non-scan DFF selection algorithm that maximizes non-scan DFF count while achieving ATPG results close to those of the full scan design on both a CPU and a GPU shader core. In addition, we present the PPA (power, performance and area) results of these designs for both the full scan and partial scan.


Biotransformation and its role in the elimination of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) has been the subject of many studies from the late seventies onwards. The notion of specific, high affinity interactions of phenolic PHAH metabolites with the plasma transport proteins of thyroid hormone and vitamin A, both in vitro and in vivo, stimulated further research into the possible role of biotransformation in the toxicity of certain PHAHs such as PCBs. Currently, phenolic metabolites of PCBs and related compounds have been identified as major metabolites in blood plasma of e.g. grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and humans with background environmental exposure to these chemicals. The concentrations of the hydroxy-PCBs were in the same range as the most persistent parent congeners, such as PCB 153, 138 and 180. These phenolic metabolites were found to possess a specific range of biological activities, which differed from the parent compounds. Another potential adverse effect associated with persistent induction of biotransformation enzymes, like UDP-glucuronyl transferases (UGTs) by PHAHs, is a long-term enhanced elimination of several important endogenous ligands such as vitamin A and thyroid hormones. Reduced levels of vitamin A and thyroid hormones have been reported in most experimental animal and wildlife species exposed to PHAHs. The recent observation of the accumulation of high levels of phenolic PCB metabolites in blood and brain of late gestational rat foetuses, in parallel with reductions in both vitamin A and thyroid hormone levels, suggests that these metabolites may play an important role in the observed developmental toxicity of PHAHs


Comparative study of structure-property relationships in isomeric and isostructural atomically precise clusters is an ideal approach to unravel their fundamental properties. Herein, seven high-nuclearity copper(I) alkynyl clusters utilizing template-assisted strategies...


The relevance of the topic is caused by the fact that nowadays there must be a clear understanding of the criteria of the new environment, challenges and problems which are caused by the general trends of innovative development and by robotics in particular. According to the International federation of robotics, production of industrial robots on a global scale is already a global multi-billion market that increases annually by 12%. Robotics of production is caused by economic efficiency and has a direct impact on firms' economics.


Abstract The nature of burial practices relating to children within formal ecclesiastical burial grounds in the period from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century has, to date, been largely ignored by archaeologists. Even a preliminary survey of such memorials, however, indicates that gravestones erected in the memory of children form a substantial component of the overall corpus of memorials within individual graveyards or cemeteries. A child from a wealthy background might be buried with an elaborately inscribed gravestone, while others were buried anonymously within their family plot, with only a brief reference to their short lives recorded on the memorial. In contrast, many un-named victims of epidemics or famine were buried in common pits, whilst unbaptised children denied burial in consecrated ground were laid to rest in the local children's burial ground or cillín, without formal burial rites by the Roman Catholic church. This study examines the commemoration of children in four case study graveyards in the north of Ireland which date to between the later seventeenth century and the end of the nineteenth century. A survey of the number of memorials and the inscriptions they carry enables a more complete picture of the lives and deaths of the children they commemorate to become apparent.


The yield of whey cheese production is often low, and its texture is often soft. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of different ratios (2 U/g protein and 5 U/g protein) of microbial transglutaminase (mTG) on composition (dry matter, ash, protein, and fat), yield, and acidity (pH and lactic acid), microbiological properties (Lactococcus, Lactobacillus and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts), texture profile, electrophoretic properties (SDS-PAGE) and sensory properties (appearance, texture and taste) of whey cheese. The samples with 2 U/g protein mTG had better properties in terms of yield, hardness and sensory values. The results from SDS-PAGE also showed that the sample with 2 U/g protein mTG had more cross-linking than the sample with 5 U/g protein mTG. In comparison, the sample with 5 U/g protein mTG had a lower number of lactic acid bacteria and poor sensory characteristics. These results indicate that the addition of mTG in an appropriate amount (2 U/g protein) can improve the yield, texture profile, and sensory properties of whey cheese, while excessive addition of mTG can negatively affect these properties.


Weldmetals prepared with 18Cr-8 Ni-Cb stainless steel electrodes coated with fluxes containing various metal elements were researched on their corrosion resistivity, mechanical properties, microstructure and magnetic susceptibility.Additional elements were Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu, Si, Mn and Ti, and corrosion tests were carried out in 5% H2SO4, 1% HCl and 30% CH3COOH at boiling. The results obtained are as follows :(1) All elements generally improve corrosion resistivity of weld metals to H2SO4 with increase of additional quantities except Mn, and above all Ni is the most effective. All elements are effective except Cr and Cu is specially excellent in improving corrosion resistivity to HCI. Mo and Cu also, improve the resistance to CH3⋅COOH.(2) On relations between mechanical properties and microstructure, Cr, Mo, Si and Ti as ferritizer increase mechanical strength, while Ni, Cu and Mn as austenitizer to decrease mechanical strength, ductility and magnetic susceptibility. And all of them generally decrease impact strength with increased amount of eddition.


Most observers argue that this agreement is a step in the right direction. However, we do not know how effective it will be in terms of reducing emissions. We therefore discuss its potential effectiveness regarding EU climate policies and carbon markets. We argue that the Paris Agreement may have a positive effect but uncertainties abound.


This paper presents a method for limiting short-circuit current for d.c. systems. Classic methods for limiting short-circuit current are described as well as solid state devices used directly on current path and by-pass solutions. Thyristor and resonant circuit breaker version proposed by authors relieves current flow for every step during operation. Matlab simulation for these steps is useful for establish commutation periods for experimental model. This paper accentuate thyristor solid state breaker advantages comparative to other power solid state devices especially for high voltage.


A reciprocating running-in experiment is carried out on a friction-abrasion testing machine with disk-pin friction pair. The friction-induced vibration (FIV) signals measured in the experiments are identified by the maximum information coefficient (MIC) method. Experimental investigation shows that the association strength between the identified tangential and normal FIV signal is in a positive correlation with the coefficient of friction. The two-directional FIV signals distribute in the same frequency range, and their root mean square (RMS) variations are in similar accord to the changing of the coefficient of friction and can indicate the wear state evolution of the disk-pin friction pair from the running-in wear to stable wear. Therefore, the FIV signals can be identified by the MIC method.


The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of inter-connected computing devices, objects and mechanical and digital machines, and the communications between these devices/objects and other Internet-enabled systems. Scalable, reliable, and energy-efficient IoT connectivity will bring huge benefits to the society, especially in transportation, connected self-driving vehicles, healthcare, education, smart cities, and smart industries. Multi-tier heterogeneous cellular networks have been a key technology in the development and implementation of the IoT. In this dissertation, we study heterogeneous cellular networks that are composed of two tiers: Tier 1 consists of macro base stations (MBSs) with higher transmission power and lower deployment density. Tier 2 consists of small base stations (SBSs) with lower transmission power and higher density deployment. SBSs are also termed aggregators in the context of several IoT applications that involve heavy data traffic in the uplink direction from devices to the core network. The objective of this dissertation is to model and analyze the performance of large-scale heterogeneous two-tier IoT cellular networks, and offer design insights to maximize their performance. Using stochastic geometry, we develop realistic yet tractable models to study the performance of such networks. In particular, we propose solutions to the following research problems: • We propose a novel analytical model to estimate the mean uplink device data rate utility function under both spectrum allocation schemes, full spectrum reuse (FSR) and orthogonal spectrum partition (OSP), for uplink two-hop IoT networks. The model takes into account the aggregator spatial density, aggregator association bias and spectrum partition ratio across the MBS tier and the aggregator tier, and device and aggregator power control fractionals (PCFs). We develop constraint gradient ascent optimization algorithms to obtain the optimal aggregator association bias (for the FSR scheme) and the optimal joint spectrum partition ratio and optimal aggregator association bias (for the OSP scheme). II • We study the performance of two-tier IoT cellular networks in which one tier operates in the traditional sub-6GHz spectrum and the other, in the millimeter wave (mmwave) spectrum. In particular, we characterize the meta distributions of the downlink signal-to-interference ratio (sub-6GHz spectrum), the signal-to-noise ratio (mm-wave spectrum) and the data rate of a typical device in such a hybrid spectrum network. We characterize the conditional success probability (CSP) and its b moment for (1) a typical device when it associates with a sub-6GHz MBS (direct transmission), (2) a typical device when it associates with a mm-wave SBS (access transmission), and (3) the tagged SBS when it associates with a sub-6GHz MBS (backhaul transmission). Finally, we characterize the meta distributions of the SIR/SNR and data rate of a typical device by substituting the cumulative moment of the CSP of a user device into the Gil-Pelaez inversion theorem. • We propose to split the control plane (C-plane) and user plane (U-plane) as a potential solution to harvest densification gain in heterogeneous two-tier networks while minimizing the handover rate and network control overhead. We develop a tractable mobility-aware model for a two-tier downlink cellular network with high density small cells and a C-plane/U-plane split architecture. The developed model is then used to quantify the effect of mobility on the foreseen densification gain with and without C-plane/U-plane splitting.


The correlation between the microscopic lattice plane curvature and the dislocation structure in thermal warpage of 200 mm-diameter Czochralski Si (001) wafers has been investigated using high-resolution X-ray diffractometry and topography. It is found that the (004) lattice plane curvature is locally confined between two neighboring slip bands, with the rotation axis parallel to the slip bands. High-resolution topography reveals that the curvature resulted from a fragmented dislocation structure. The local confinement is attributed to the multiplication of the dislocations that are generated between the two slip bands.


Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of the institute. Research disseminated by IZA may include views on policy, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit company supported by Deutsche Post World Net. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its research networks, research support, and visitors and doctoral programs. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. ABSTRACT Courtesy and Idleness: Gender Differences in Team Work and Team Competition * Does gender play a role in the context of team work? Our results based on a real-effort experiment suggest that performance depends on the composition of the team. We find that female and male performance differ most in mixed teams with revenue sharing between the team members, as men put in significantly more effort than women. The data also indicate that women perform best when competing in pure female teams against male teams whereas men perform best when women are present or in a competitive environment. support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through SFB 649 "Economic Risk" is gratefully acknowledged.


This study takes the first step to bridge the gap between the pressure drag of a shallow cloud ensemble and that of an individual cloud composed of rising thermals. It is found that the pressure drag for a cloud ensemble is primarily controlled by the dynamical component. The dominance of dynamical pressure drag and its increased magnitude with height are independent of cloud lifetime and are common features of individual clouds except that the total drag of a single cloud over life cycle presents vertical oscillations. These oscillations are associated with successive rising thermals but are further complicated by the evaporation‐driven downdrafts outside the cloud. The horizontal vorticity associated with the vortical structure is amplified as the thermals rise to higher altitudes due to continuous baroclinic vorticity generation. This leads to the increased magnitude of local minima of dynamical pressure perturbation with height and consequently to increased dynamical pressure drag.


A model to improve the estimation of the power and energy from photovoltaic installations under dynamic shading conditions is proposed in this paper. The model considers the shaded profile in each photovoltaic module and the temperature profile to update the model parameters of each photovoltaic module. The impact of dynamic shades on the power production is analyzed, illustrating the large errors introduced by classical prediction approaches, which consider non-shading at all or average shading. Moreover, a procedure to model the shades profile in any environment is described and illustrated. Finally, experimental irradiance and environment temperature profiles are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed model in contrast with the classical approaches. The results illustrate that the classical approaches overestimate the power produced by the photovoltaic array, in contrast with the power produced by the proposed model.


A reaction network detailing the formation and consumption of all C1–C3 products of propylene oxidation on Bi2Mo3O12 at 623 K is developed to show that acrolein, acetaldehyde, acetone, and acetic acid are direct oxidation products of propylene while acrylic acid and ethylene are secondary products. Coprocessing acetaldehyde, acetone, acrylic acid, and acetic acid, separately, with propylene, oxygen, and water revealed (i) the existence of overoxidation reactions of acrolein to acrylic acid and ethylene and oxidation pathways from acetone to acetaldehyde and acetic acid, (ii) the promotional effects of water on the synthesis rates of acetaldehyde from acrolein, acetone from propylene, and acetic acid from acetaldehyde and acrylic acid, and (iii) the inhibitory effects of water on the decomposition of acetic acid to COx and acrylic acid to acetaldehyde and ethylene. A kinetic model is developed to quantitatively capture the kinetic behavior of all species using pseudo-first-order rate expressions in the org...


An operational technique for FET power amplifiers which allows the maintenance of high efficiency as the amplifier is backed off from its rated output power level is described. Using this technique, an experimental single-state 1-W C-band amplifier, capable of 65% power-added efficiency at its rated output power, maintains a minimum efficiency of 55% for a 10-dB output backoff range. Comparable amplifiers operating under conventional Class B or Class A demonstrate efficiencies of about 18% and 4%, respectively. An analytic basis for the technique is given. Experimental results are also presented for a three-stage, 2-W C-band amplifier.<<ETX>>


Professor Diez‐Hochleitner argues here for a compromise setdement to the question of Gibraltarian sovereignty not simply because of the anachronism of colonial government in the 1990's, but primarily to end an involved dispute between two countries which now find themselves fellow members ‐of the EC and NATO contravening the underlying principles of integration and unity.


Abstract A method for screening resistance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) to the legume pod-borer Maruca testulalis (Geyer) was developed. Several damage parameters were measured, including damage to stem, flowers, pods and seeds. Some of these parameters were assessed in more than one way. A decision was made at the end of the study as to which parameters were most appropriate for a field screening methodology. A plant resistance index, Ipr, was generated to aid in this decision. Based on this, it was concluded that flower, pod, and seed damage measurements provided the most important assessment of resistance to the borer. The larval population in the flowers showed marked differences in infestation levels between cultivars and is suggested as a means of comparing results in the future. Based on the methodology described, TVu 946 was the most resistant cowpea cultivar in every category of assessment. Five other cultivars were also selected for further evaluation as probable resistance donors: Kamboinse Local, TVu 1, VITA-5, TVx 3890–010F and VICAM-1/SP. The rationale behind the development of a field-screening methodology and some of its shortfalls are discussed.


Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Plant Pathology 1 and Department of Microbiology Centre for Bacterial Diversity and Identificationz, The University o f Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia CSIRO Tropical Agriculture, S t Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia The phylogenetic relationships among members of the family Comamonadaceae and several unclassified strains were studied by direct sequencing of their PCR-amplified 165 rRNA genes. Based on the I65 rRNA gene sequence analysis, members of the family formed a coherent group. The closest relatives are species of the Rubrivivax sub-group: Leptothrix discophora, ldeonella dechloratans and Rubrivivax gelatinosus. The genus Hydrogenophaga formed two subclusters, as did the species of Acidovorax, whereas the five species of the genus Vlquaspirillum] were polyphyletic. Comamonas acidovorans was phylogenetically distant from the type species of Comamonas, Comamonas terrigena. On the basis of this work and previous studies, Comamonas acidovorans is removed from the genus Comamonas and renamed as Delftia acidovorans gen. nov., comb. nov. Descriptions of the new genus Delftia and of the type species Delftia acidoworans, for which the type strain is ATCC 15668T, are presented.


Equations can be obtained for evaluating air currents produced by trains in tunnels by means of an approximation method of evaluating the increase in speed of an underground trainset as the driver accelerates after stopping in a tunnel. The results of calculations have been compared against results obtained from measurements and both coincide with each other.