Should warfare be an art or a science? That question reflects one of the issues of World War II, and it is the focus of Blackett's War. Blackett is Patrick Blackett (1897–1974), an English physicist who is known as the ''Father of OR.'' OR is ''operational research'' (if you are British) or operations research (if you are American). OR is a mixture of disciplines that attempts to apply science to operational problems. Its goal is to maximize results. Probability is a key part of OR. As a 16-year-old naval cadet in 1914, Patrick Blackett went to sea as a midshipman. He participated in the Battle of Jutland and other naval action of World War I. After the war, in 1919, he became a student at Cambridge, graduated in 1921, and accepted a fellowship in Rutherford's Cavendish Laboratory. Blackett developed Wilson's cloud chamber and studied cosmic radiation. In 1932, he confirmed Carl D. Anderson's discovery of the positron. Blackett moved to the University of London in 1933 and to the University of Manchester in 1937. During World War II, he led several operational research projects that are described in Budiansky's book. In 1935, Blackett became a member of the newly formed Committee for the Scientific Survey of Air Defense. The committee was chaired by Henry Tizard (1885–1959) and began experiments which led to radar. The warning system that resulted from this work played a significant role in the Battle of Britain in 1940. In August 1940, Blackett became ''scientific advisor to Anti-Aircraft Command and [began] applying operational research methods to problems of radar and antiaircraft


Objective
To explore expression of reactive oxygen species in human prostatic stromal cells(PSC)in hypoxic environment and its effect on the cell growth.

Methods
Human prostatic stromal cells from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and normal subjects were isolated.The expression of ROS in PSC was detected by flow cytometry assay.The mRNA expression level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α), androgen receptors(AR), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and interleukin-8(IL-8)in PSC was detected with the real-time quantitative RT-PCR method.Under the intervention with versus without Edaravone, we measured the change of cells growth and ROS, and mRNA expression level of HIF-1α, AR, VEGF and IL-8 under hypoxic conditions.

Results
The expression of ROS in tissues and cells was significantly increased under hypoxic condition(P<0.01).3% O2 promoted the proliferation of prostatic stromal cells.The mRNA expressions of HIF-1α, AR, VEGF and IL-8 were upregulated under 3% O2(all P<0.05). After Edaravone intervention the ROS was significantly decreased, and mRNA expression levels of HIF-1α and VEGF were down regulated(all P<0.05), and cell proliferation declined(P<0.01).

Conclusions
Hypoxia stimulates the generation of ROS, and the ROS may play a key role in development of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Key words:
Reactive oxygen species; Cell hypoxia; Prostatic hyperplasia; Stromal cells


A 35-yr-old male was examined in the outpatient clinic of the present authors' department. He complained of a dry paroxysmal cough of indeterminate origin that he had noticed 3 months earlier. The cough was associated with a tickling feeling in the throat. There was no association between coughing flares and meals, nasal discharge, season, time of day or body posture. The patient did not recall having symptoms compatible with an upper airway viral infection in the past 3 months and reported no gastro-intestinal symptoms like daily heartburn and regurgitation. He lived in the city, was a lifetime nonsmoker, his previous medical history was unremarkable and he was not taking any medication. He worked as an electronic engineer in a smoke- and dust-free environment and exhibited a type A personality. Upon appearance of the cough 3 months earlier, he had been examined by a physician and had since received inhaled salmeterol (50 μg b.i.d. ) and fluticasone (250 μg b.i.d. ), without improvement.

A thorough physical examination and routine laboratory tests, including white blood cell count and differential, red blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, liver and renal function tests, serum C-reactive protein and an ECG were normal. Chest (fig. 1⇓) and paranasal sinus (image not shown) radiographs were taken. Ear, nose and throat assessment was unremarkable. After discontinuing treatment with inhaled salmeterol and fluticasone, simple spirometry pre- and post-bronchodilator (four puffs of 100 μg salbutamol) and bronchoprovocation challenge with methacholine were performed (fig. 2⇓). The patient was given a peak flow meter and during a monthly observation period his diurnal peak flow variation was below 5% (data not shown).

Fig. 1—
Chest radiograph showing a) posterior-anterior view and b) lateral view.

Fig. 2—
Pulmonary function tests of a) flow–volume plot and b) volume–time curve. …


The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for adaptively managing caches. The present invention has an advantage of increasing a data processing speed in a case where data of an input/output device is directly transmitted to a cache and processed in a processor to increase the data processing speed, but if data from several input/output devices are simultaneously processed, or if there are applications being operated, the cache having a limit in a storage capacity needs to be divided and used, thereby reducing the processing speed. As such, to solve the problem above, the present invention discloses a method and apparatus for determining whether to transmit data to a cache to be then processed, or whether to transmit the data to memory to be then processed, by calculating priorities of each data based on network condition-related information, device condition-related information, and input/output device condition-related information.


Here we report an overview of our synthetic, spectroscopic and structural studies of technetium and rhenium nitrosyl complexes. We review the results from various notes and short papers reported over the past 15 years and discuss their significance in terms of radiopharmaceutical design. A single new complex is reported, the Re I -NO complex [Re I Cl 2 (NO)(py-N(Et)-py)], in which the tridentate ligand di-(2-picolyl)(N-ethyl)amine, (py-N(Et)-py), is coordinated in a meridional manner. This complex was synthesized from the reaction of the Re I -nitrosyl complex ReCl 2 (NO)(NCMe) 3 ] and the neutral tri-amine ligand py-N(Et)-py in methylene chloride under argon. The bright red species was isolated chromatographically and recrystallized from CH 2 Cl 2 /MeOH under diethylether. A review of literature values for nitrosyl complexes with various ligands bound to the coordination site trans- to the nitrosyl group shows only minor variations in the M-N-O bond angle.


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of leadership style, discipline of work, and organizational culture on performance of pt. k. The research method used is quantitative research methods. The population in this study were employees of PT. K with 52 people. The technique of measuring the number of samples uses all respondents. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and data analysis techniques using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that burnout had a positive and significant effect on turnover intention and employee engagement had a negative and significant effect on turnover intention.


While the dominant lethal (DL) assay is often used to assess the mutagenic potential of suspect agents, questions remain concerning its sensitivity, the appropriate way to analyze resultant data, and the necessary study size. Many questions surrounding the statistical analysis methods relate to a specification of the basic independent unit of experimentation and analysis, the particular type of study design used, and the distributional properties of the study variables. These statistical analysis issues must be resolved before adequate attention can be given to the related questions of experimental sensitivity and sample size. This report deals with the development of a statistical analysis methodology which incorporates a particular type of data clustering scheme to achieve desirable distributional properties of the measured variables so that analysis of variance (AOV) and related parametric testing procedures can be used. Further, the differences between dose groups which can be detected using 20, 10, and 5 cluster units of 6 males and 18 females each are estimated for each variable according to the size of selected Type I and II errors. While these procedures were developed in part using data from two replicate studies on the DL effects of differing doses of n-butyl glycidyl ether in mice, the clustering scheme suggested can be used with other AOV and regression procedures corresponding to the specific study design employed.


A parametric framework is proposed to model both attritional and atypical claims for insurance pricing. This model relies on a classical Generalized Linear Model for attritional claims and a non-standard Generalized Pareto distribution regression model for atypical claims. Maximum likelihood estimators (closed-form for the Generalized Linear Model part and computed with Iterated Weighted Least Square procedure for the Generalized Pareto distribution regression part) are proposed to calibrate the model. Two premium principles (expected value principle and standard deviation principle) are computed on a real data set of fire warranty of a corporate line-of-business. In our methodology, the tuning of the safety loading in the two premium principles is performed to meet a solvency constraint so that the premium caps a high-level quantile of the aggregate annual claim distribution over a reference portfolio.


Cecotti and Vafa introduced the tt*-equation (topological-antitopological fusion equation), whose solutions describe massive deformations of supersymmetric conformal field theories. We describe some solutions of the tt*-equation constructed from the SU(2)$_k$-fusion algebra. The idea of the construction is due to Cecotti and Vafa, but we give a precise mathematical formulation and a description of the"holomorphic data"corresponding to the solutions by using the DPW method. Furthermore, we give a relation between the solutions and the representations of SU(2). As a special case, we consider the solutions corresponding to the supersymmetric A$_k$-minimal model.


The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of temperature and salt concentration on the physicochemical properties of salted Chinese cabbage. Salted Chinese cabbage samples were prepared with various concentrations of salt(4, 5, 6 and 7%), and were stored for 10 days at thre...


Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three-dimensional audio-visual distraction on reducing dental anxiety and pain perception in children with tell-show-do technique. Methods: 52 children aged 6-11 years were randomly divided into two groups (n=26). During restorative dental treatment, distraction was given to the study group by letting them watch cartoons with 3D virtual reality (VR) glasses, while tell-show-do technique was used in the control group. The anxiety levels of the children in both groups after dental treatment were measured with the Child Drawing: Hospital Scale (CD:H) and the Children`s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). Pulse rate measurements were made with pulse oximetry before, during and after the dental procedures. In addition, perception of pain was evaluated with the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the study and control groups in terms of anxiety levels, CFSS-DS scores, CD:H scores and pulse rate (P>0.05). Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of Wong Baker scores (P>0.05). Conclusions: Watching cartoons with 3D VR glasses did not show any superiority over tell-show-do technique in reducing anxiety and pain levels in children during dental restorative procedures. Keywords: Anxiety; Child Behavior; Drawing; Pain Perception; Virtual Reality


erianal eczematous dermatitis is a common and poorly anaged medical condition. The conclusive diagnosis emains a clinical challenge, and proctologic disease, sychological conditions, and infections should be ruled ut. The friction, occlusion, and humidity associated with his region promote irritant dermatoses and worsening f secondary dermatoses. In this context, allergic contact ermatitis resulting from chronic topical treatments is a requent yet underdiagnosed disease [1]. ype IV hypersensitivity reactions to local anaesthetcs are estimated at 0.4-3.5% [2, 3]. Their sources of xposure include tablets for throat infections, eye drops, ough suppressants, hemorrhoid creams, condoms [4], and ransdermal and injectable anaesthetic preparations [2]. enzocaine is the most common allergen in Europe and he United States, comprising 45.5-54.7% of cases [2, 3]. linical suspicion is necessary to reach the correct diagnois, start a suitable treatment, and provide advice to avoid xposure to allergens associated with cross-reactions.


Abstract This study aims to research examples of mergers and acquisitions of European and Latvian dairy firms, the motivation for these transactions and their results, and to show that mergers and acquisitions had a positive impact on the development of the dairy industry overall and on specific firms by increasing their competitiveness.The authors analyze the reasons for, as well as the meaning and impact of, mergers and acquisitions on firm development, focusing on the example of dairy companies in Europe, and subsequently on these processes in Latvian dairy industry.The study is based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of firm financial reports as well as reports of the International Dairy Federation, publications of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, annual reports of the International Farm Comparison Network, reports on the dairy industry in the European Union, Latvian Central Union of Dairy Producers, Lursoft firm registry data, as well as reports of the Ministry of Agriculture, and Latvian Farm Consultation and Education center.The study relies on statistical comparisons of firm operations before mergers or acquisitions as well as during the process and afterwards. This allows identifying the impact of mergers itself on particular firms or the industry, while abstracting from exogenous factors. Mergers and acquisitions in Latvian dairy industry had begun in 2011 and continued until 2013. However, the geopolitical situation in Europe in 2015 had fully offset the positive impact of this process. The deterioration in the geopolitical climate due to developments in Russian–Ukrainian relations has had a big impact on the economic processes affecting the development strategy of dairy firms.This study finds that often the problems of firm development are related to the lack of financial management especially deficiencies in decision making about firm mergers and acquisitions.Historical and statistical analysis as well as comparisons of successful experiences in Europe and Latvia allows the authors to conclude that in evaluating decisions on the possibilities for mergers and acquisitions Latvian firms have to be guided by the most important results of this process: possible increases in foreign direct investment and the growth in market share. This will, in turn, give the firms an opportunity to acquire new technologies, reorganize manufacturing processes, and start producing goods with larger value added. Ultimately, this will allow increasing firm values.


The analysis of the snowstorm on 16~18 February 2005 in west of South-Xinjiang showed that the snowstorm was resulted from both the eddy in Tashkent and the surface eastly wind.Diagnostic analysis of physical quantity showed that snowstorm occurred in the area of the low-level airconvergence and upper level air divergence,which caused vertical ascending air and convection process and brought the release of unstable energy.


DNA fragment being able to restore in vitro activity of synthase was cloned by transformation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae LP353 mutant strain with genomic library constructed in the YCp50. For the selection of transformants which showed no detectable phenotype linked to recovery of the defect in synthase activity, the colony autoradiography was succesfully applied. The restriction map of the cloned DNA fragment, which is 8.5-kb in length, was constructed. Both the YEplac195 and the YCp50 carrying the 8.5-kb fragment increased synthase activity of LP353 by two fold. Neither the YEplac195 nor the YCp50 carrying the 8.5-kb DNA fragment, however, complemented the temperature-dependent osmotic sensitivity which is another distinctive phenotype of LP353. Subcloning experiments indicated that a functional region was located in 4.8-kb BglII-KpnI fragment. The 4.8-kb fragment was also able to increase the level of content in cell wall as well as the resistance of cells to cell wall lytic enzyme, . The growth rate of the LP353 with 4.8-kb fragment was almost same as that of wild type strain in liquid medium with 1.2 M sorbitol at nonpermissive temperature. Taken these results together, the 4.8-kb fragment seemed to contain the BGS2 gene for synthase activity in yeast S. cerevisiae.


India is the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.29 billion people, 66 percent of whom live in rural areas. Rural India faces various developmental challenges, such as lack of connectivity, inadequate infrastructure (including energy and water) for the last-mile, and lack of sustainable livelihoods. Access to distribution in rural markets is difficult for private sector companies as well as consumers. Fragmented and disorganized distribution channels make it difficult for companies to identify existing networks or to build new ones. Large geographies with widely dispersed populations and non-existent transportation infrastructure increase the cost of distribution and after-sales service. To add to this, there is no ready access to skilled individuals to work as marketing, sales, management, or technical/after-sales service agents, especially in remote areas. At the village level, there are few local distribution agents who can deliver these products. Consumers face additional costs and long travel times to reach brick and mortar stores, which often offer only a limited range of relevant products. These challenges are compounded for women, who are more severely impacted by mobility and time constraints. For example, the lack of efficient energy connections increases the time women must spend to meet their household responsibilities, which in turn reduces their opportunities to engage in economic activities. It also exposes them to health risks from kerosene oil and other fuel-based lighting sources. Women in rural India also face constraints towards engaging in economic activities. Only 5.6 percent of women in rural India have regular salaried employment, and even when they are employed, it is often in low-skill and low-productivity jobs with poor or no pay. The Lighting Asia and India Program recognized the need for creative approaches to persuade customers to adopt solar lighting. It also seized on the enormous opportunity to build gender-smart business solutions that address these challenges.


Two different bidirectional periodic leaky-wave an-tennas (LWAs) are presented for the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band with suppressed stopbands and orthogonal radiation di-rections: a bidirectional side-fire antenna with left/right in-plane radiation and a bidirectional slot-pair antenna with top/bottom out-of-plane radiation. The operations of these antennas are con-firmed using full-wave simulations, with a broadside frequency of approximately 28 GHz. These antennas can be individually engineered to form various radiation patterns in each of their radiation planes, and can further be combined to design a tetra-directional periodic LWA.


The subject of automation in business has had extended coverage in the business press during recent months. Electronics has also captured the imagination of marketing men, but the areas for automation have not been clearly defined. This article answers some important questions and gives specific results that have been obtained.


Abstract Topical application of thiotepa on the adult male spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens, at a concentration of 10 μg/insect resulted in 100% sterility. Unlike metepa, thiotepa did not have any apparent adverse effects on the competency of the sperms. Large numbers of male moths can be sterilized by allowing them to walk for 30 min on filter paper treated with a 2.5% solution of thiotepa in a 3:1 mixture of acetone and diffusion pump oil.


1,5-Dimethylenecyclooctane (5) and 7,11-dimethylene-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5,9-propano-5H-benzocycloheptene (7) undergo efficient intramolecular cyclization and Ritter reaction in a one-flask procedure. Similarly,11-methylene-5,6,8,9-tetrahydro-5,9-propano-7H-benzocyclohepten-7-one (10) may be converted into cyclic hydroxy amide products. Alternatively, a combined intramolecular cyclization and double Ritter reaction with acetonitrile can be carried out to produce 7,9-bis( acetamido )-6,7,8,9,10,11-hexahydro-5,9:7,11-dimethano-5H-benzocyclononene monohydrate (12) whose crystal structure (C19 H24 N2 O2 H2O,P21/ca = 10.477(l), b = 14.595(1), c = 14.493(l) A, β =127.900(3)o, Z= 4) was determined with a final R = 0.039. Hydrogen-bonded dimeric units of the bis(amide) are surrounded by six water molecules which are involved in three different hydrogen-bonded arrangements. Mixed bis(amide) products may also be produced from (10) via the hydroxy amide, demonstrating that the bis(amide)(12) results from sequential Ritter reactions.


Background: Vocabulary skills in infants with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are related to various factors. They remain underexplored among Mandarin-speaking infants with CL/P. This study identified receptive and expressive vocabulary skills among Mandarin-speaking infants with unrepaired CL/P prior to cleft palate surgery and their associated factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving patients at the Cleft Lip and Palate Center of the Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between July 2017 and December 2018. The Putonghua Communicative Development Inventories-Short Form (PCDI-SF) was used to assess early vocabulary skills. Results: A total of 134 children aged 9–16 months prior to cleft palate surgery were included in the study. The prevalences of delays in receptive and expressive vocabulary skills were 72.39% (95% CI: 64.00–79.76%) and 85.07% (95% CI: 77.89–90.64%), respectively. Multiple logistic regression identified that children aged 11–13 months (OR = 6.46, 95% CI: 1.76–23.76) and 14–16 months (OR = 24.32, 95% CI: 3.86–153.05), and those with hard/soft cleft palate and soft cleft palate (HSCP/SCP) (OR = 5.63, 95% CI: 1.02–31.01) were more likely to be delayed in receptive vocabulary skills. Conclusions: Delays in vocabulary skills were common among Mandarin-speaking CL/P infants, and age was positively associated with impaired and lagging vocabulary skills. The findings suggest the necessity and importance of early and effective identification of CL/P, and early intervention programs and effective treatment are recommended for Chinese CL/P infants.


Background: Research has clearly shown that babies born to smokers are significantly smaller at birth than those born to non-smokers. Programs exist to assist pregnant women in their efforts to quit smoking. While some of these interventions are effective in reducing smoking rates, less is known about whether birth outcomes are significantly improved for pregnancy quitters, especially those who quit later in pregnancy.


Coexpression of KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 channels results in a 10‐fold increased current amplitude compared to that of KCNQ2 alone, suggesting the formation of heteromultimeric channels. There is no interaction of either channel with KCNQ1. We evaluated the C‐terminus as a potential interaction domain by construction of chimeras with interchanged C‐termini of KCNQ1, KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 and functional expression in Xenopus oocytes. The chimera of KCNQ1 with a KCNQ2 C‐terminus (Q1ctQ2) showed an 8‐fold increase in current amplitude, and Q1ctQ3 a 3‐fold increase when coexpressed with KCNQ3 and KCNQ2, respectively, indicating that the C‐terminus contains an interaction domain. To characterize this interacting region, we studied further chimeras of KCNQ1 containing different parts of the KCNQ3 C‐terminus for interaction with KCNQ2. We also evaluated short sequences of the KCNQ2 C‐terminus for a dominant‐negative effect on Q1ctQ3. According to the results of these experiments, functional interaction of KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 requires a highly conserved region of about 80 amino acids, previously called the A‐domain, plus either 40 residues downstream of the A‐domain (B‐domain) or the proximal C‐terminus between S6 and the A‐domain. Furthermore, the chimeras Q1ctQ3 and Q2ctQ3 showed > 10‐fold increased current amplitudes compared to KCNQ1 or KCNQ2 alone and a strong depolarizing shift of voltage‐dependent activation. The proximal part of the KCNQ3 C‐terminus was necessary to produce these effects. Our results indicate that specific parts of the C‐terminus enable the interaction between KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 channels and that different parts of the KCNQ3 C‐terminus are important for regulating current amplitude.


Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) and cavity-ehnanced spectroscopy are merged in a novel gas sensor. Thanks to the intracavity power build up, sensitivity is increased by more than a factor 100 with respect to standard QEPAS.


Simple Summary Approximately 20% of medullary thyroid cancers (MTC) are hereditary and caused by specific germline RET protooncogene mutations. Screening for germline mutation in all newly identified cases and their relatives allows early or even prophylactic surgical treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the clinical features of RET mutation carriers according to the age at surgery and the long-term outcome in term of morbidity and recurrence rate after prophylactic and early thyroidectomy. The results demonstrated that prophylactic and early thyroidectomy are safe and effective procedures in achieving the cure; however, while patients with only C-cell hyperplasia are disease-free, patients with MTC, even when small and confined to the gland, could have recurrent disease at long-term. This finding suggest that prophylactic surgery should be performed earlier. Abstract Prophylactic and early thyroidectomy in RET germline mutation carriers allows the removal of the thyroid before medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) develops, or while it is still confined to the gland. This study was aimed to assess the clinicopathological features in RET carriers according to the age at surgery and the long-term outcomes after prophylactic and early thyroidectomy. A retrospective analysis of 63 operated asymptomatic RET carriers diagnosed after familial genetic screening was performed. Twenty-one RET carriers were operated at pediatric (<18 yrs) and 42 at adult (≥18 yrs) age. Serum preoperative calcitonin levels were significantly lower in pediatric compared to adult patients (p = 0.04); moreover, adult RET carriers had a greater frequency of microMTC at pathology (p = 0.009). Permanent postoperative morbidity occurred in 9.5% of patients, without differences between the two groups. Biochemical postoperative cure was achieved in all patients. At a median follow-up of 14 years, all C-cell hyperplasia patients are disease-free; conversely, biochemical, and structural recurrence of disease occurred in three adults and one pediatric patient with microMTC. The independent predictive factors of MTC were the age at surgery, the preoperative calcitonin level and the RET mutational risk profile (p < 0.02). In conclusion, prophylactic and early thyroidectomy are safe and effective procedures in achieving definitive cure in most RET carriers. However, since recurrences may occur at long-term in case of microMTC, thyroidectomy should be possibly performed earlier to prevent microMTC development.


Within the Project AEROSTA thermal insulation of exhaust system of stationary and semi-stationary engines are developed. The catalyst of the system works much more efficient, if the exhaust gases reach the catalyst with temperatures above 400°C. Therefore high performance insulating materials are required which are not available and have to be developed.
Aerogels posses properties as a low thermal conductivity of λ < 0.020 W m-1 K-1, and a nearby thermal stability and seem to be suitable materials. Therefore we invented the development of silica aerogels with a thermal stability and neglected shrinkage in a temperature range of up to 600°C not losing accompanying properties. The materials received is a combination of silica aerogels with ceramic additives such as high-temperature stabile boehmite.


Before the appearance of the satirical work Ru Lin Wai Shi,Pu Songling's short story collection Liao Zhai Zhi Yi in classical Chinese had already presented many satirical short stories that may be rated as excellent works.In these stories,Pu Songling adopted a kind of writing style different both from that of western satirical stories and from that of other Chinese satirical stories.He syncretized ancient Chinese funny stories,satirical comedies,jokes as well as comic dialogues in the stories.As a result,a unique satirical style—Pu Songling style came into being.Many stories in Liao Zhai Zhi Yi may be read as acts of satirical comedies.


Through creative pedagogical application currently, the concepts of pedagogical strategy which are more technologically oriented than they used to be, transform education into a way where creative and innovative students' perspectives and motivation are nurtured. Digital Newspaper concept of alignment, which expresses from social science and humanity has been developed useful in creating innovative and skillful academic environments, as it apply to integrate learning with cognitive, kinesthetic, technological, and social-culture aspects learning form.  The research conducted by observing students' projects and reveals the way they identify, classify, analyze and create creative learning from the topics of Jakarta Post online content as a learning media. The result of this study shows that using this media which has various current materials can increase students' higher thinking critically, creatively and innovatively in English language learning. We recommend that in future research, researchers use more online newspaper which is more engaging with the real-world and give positive impact to boost students' high order thinking skills to solve the problem, to analyze, and to make decisions in their English language performances. Keywords: Creative Media, Language Skills, Thinking Skills


The approach of the present study was to investigate the individual and combined effects of those potential contributing factors on hydrogen-stress cracking of ten pipes representing a range of strength levels and including both microalloyed, controlled-rolled and conventional pipe steels.


Topical steroids are the mainstay of treatment in atopic dermatitis, but 60–80 per cent patients or carers have an aversion to using them due to the potential side‐effects. Here, the authors discuss topical steroid phobia and the importance of communication in its management.


Objective To investigate the teaching effects of Sandwich teaching mode applied in clinical oncology teaching.Methods Totally 72 clinical medicine undergraduates were divided into two groups randomly:Sandwich teaching group and traditional teaching group.Sandwich teaching mode was introduced to Sandwich teaching group while traditional teaching mode was carried out in traditional teaching group.Questionnaires and test paper were analyzed between the two groups and two teaching modes were evaluated.Examination results were statistically analyzed by t test.Results According to the questionnaires,more than 80 percent of the students thought that the initiative and enthusiasm were fully mobilized by the Sandwich teaching mode.Studying efficiency was improved significantly and skills of independent thinking,comprehensive analysis and problem-solving were trained,meanwhile,Sandwich teaching mode can improve the ability of expression and communication.Test score of students in Sandwich teaching group was higher than those in traditional teaching group (P<0.05).Conclusions Sandwich teaching mode has obvious advantages in improving teaching quality of clinical oncology and it may help to cultivate high quality oncology specialists.

Key words:
Clinical oncology; Sandwich teaching mode; Teaching quality


This letter presents a method for tracking the damping contribution of a power system component in near real-time based upon oscillation energy dissipation. By transforming the energy flow into the frequency domain, the new derivation demonstrates a new theoretical basis and a wider applicability of using the energy-flow theory to analyze power system damping problems. The concept is demonstrated via a non-linear simulation and an actual-system data set.


The increasing need for electrical power with a stable and continuous distribution ofelectricity networks is an absolute requirement in meeting the needs of electrical energy. Theload imbalance between each phase (phase R, phase S, and phase T) which flows a net currentin the transformer, because of the transformer tolerance set by PLN, which is 20% of the powercapacity of the transformer In Abiansemal feeders there is a load imbalance of more than 20 %then in this study the load balancing is carried out in the LVMDV panel on three-phasecustomers, which has an impact on the load imbalance between each phase (phase R, phaseS, and phase T) which causes a neutral current and causes losses (losses). Based on thisproblem, balancing must be done by measuring first. From the measurement results in theLVMDP panel on three-phase customers and data obtained from the results of measurement ofload imbalance during the day is 29.9% and 26.6 % and the load imbalance at night is 62.6%and 31%, as shown in Table 4.5, it can be seen that the bush on the large current neutral INthat flows in the transformer neutral conductor, the greater the loss in the neutral conductor(PN).


Featured Application: The main contribution of this work is to propose an inspection method using image data generated at the actual manufacturing process. This proposed method can help printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturers more effectively detect defects, such as scratches and improper etching, in an automated optical inspection (AOI). Moreover, the proposed method of this work can be also applied to the field of dermatology, where it has to detect skin diseases, as well as in PCB inspection. Abstract: With the coming of the 4th industrial revolution era, manufacturers produce high-tech products. As the production process is refined, inspection technologies become more important. Specifically, the inspection of a printed circuit board (PCB), which is an indispensable part of electronic products, is an essential step to improve the quality of the process and yield. Image processing techniques are utilized for inspection, but there are limitations because the backgrounds of images are different and the kinds of defects increase. In order to overcome these limitations, methods based on machine learning have been used recently. These methods can inspect without a normal image by learning fault patterns. Therefore, this paper proposes a method can detect various types of defects using machine learning. The proposed method first extracts features through speeded-up robust features (SURF), then learns the fault pattern and calculates probabilities. After that, we generate a weighted kernel density estimation (WKDE) map weighted by the probabilities to consider the density of the features. Because the probability of the WKDE map can detect an area where the defects are concentrated, it improves the performance of the inspection. To verify the proposed method, we apply the method to PCB images and confirm the performance of the method.


The 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a trilateral trade deal between the U.S., Mexico, and Canada designed to reduce transaction costs among Americans, Mexicans, and Canadians. Critics argue that NAFTA is a bad trade deal that impoverishes Americans by giving an unfair advantage to people in other countries. They have pushed to renegotiate NAFTA in the spirit of "fair trade" to reduce trade deficits and bring jobs back to the U.S. However, research shows NAFTA has positively contributed to increased U.S. economic activity and job creation.


We have calculated K-shell pickup cross sections using the full first Born approximation developed by Jackson and Schiff for a number of heavy-ion collisions for which experimental data have recently become available. These include protons on argon at a range of velocities and fully stripped ions Z = 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, on argon at three velocities. The calculations attempted to include the effect of screening by target electrons with a crude effective potential. We conclude that the full first Born charge-exchange cross section gives nonphysical results for the systems examined, thus casting further doubt on the theoretical significance of the good agreement with experiment one obtains for protons on hydrogen.


The system of community police service in Japan has developed for more than one century,which shows grape lessons to us.Such a system is under way in our country now,and we can introduce Japanese experience to us,such as the setting and regulation of police service office,the specification of police's duties,the education and training for police,and the establishment of information system,etc.


EPOXY RESIN DERMATITIS. L. B. BOURNE. (1957) Practitioner, 67, 179. These resins are used in electronics, engineering and other trades. They are used with catalysts of the aliphatic polyamine type because of their adhesive capacity. At the site of contact unprotected workers show a punctate erythema which may hecome confluent. The spread is usually from the hands up to the forearms and, if the sensitization is of a high degree, an exfoliative dermatitis of the whole body with secondary sensitization and oedema of the face and eyelids is likely; occasionally bullae develop on the arms. Resin splashes harden on the skin and removal causes much local trauma. "Phe onset of symptoms may develop within fifteen minutes of exposure or may be delayed for many weeks. The " no touch technique " should be employed in handhng these materials, and where there is risk of exposure to volatile material mixing must be carried out in a fume cupboard. B. J. C.


Ferromagnetic properties are reported for K clusters incorporated into the α cage (supercage) of zeolite LTA. In LTA, α cages are arrayed in a simple cubic structure with a lattice constant of 12.3 A. The average 4s-electron number per cluster, n, is systematically changed from 0.8 to 7.3 by controlling the K loading density. Ferromagnetism is observed for 2-3<n<6-7. The magnetization shows a peak at n - 5, and the average magnetic moment amounts to 0.24μ B per cluster at 100 Oe and 1.7 K. The Curie temperature is n dependent and less than 7 K. Magnetic properties are basically interpreted in terms of the model of itinerant electron ferromagnetism. Narrow energy bands due to the electron transfer between adjacent clusters play an important role in the construction of a model


Making information available for the acquisition and  transmission of human knowledg e is the focal point of  this paper , which describes the cr e ation of a consortium for the univer sity and research institute libraries in the  stat e of Sao Paulo, Bra z il. Through sharing and coop e ration ,  the project will facilitat e information access  and minimize acquisition costs of international scientific periodicals, consequently incr e asing user satisfac tion. To underscore the advantages of this procedure, the objectives, management, and implementation stages of the project are detailed , as submitted to the  Research Support Foundation of th e State of Sao Paulo (FAPESP) .


All sedimentary rocks are the product of their provenance, dispersal and depositional environment, and indications of these factors are preserved in the geologic record. The classical Uniformitarian Principle of Geology that 'the present is the key to the past' suggests that study of modern sediments, processes and depositional environments' can be used to understand and explain ancient sediments. The same may be said of geophysics; examination of the seismic signatures of modern sediments can be applied, by analogy, to the interpretation of the seismic record of ancient sediments. High resolution seismic profiles from late Quaternary marginal-marine and reefal environments of the Queensland continental shelf are presented. It is suggested that a study of the seismic response of these modern sediments, which are uncon-solidated and free from the effects of tectonism, can assist in the genetic interpretation of petroleum seismic data.


This paper is dedicated to a new way of presenting the Tikhonov regularization in the form of a mixed formulation. Such formulation is well adapted to the regularization of linear ill-posed partial differential equations because when it comes to discretization, the mixed formulation enables us to use some standard finite elements. As an application of our theory, we consider an inverse obstacle problem in an acoustic waveguide. In order to solve it we use the so-called " exterior approach " , which couples the mixed formulation of Tikhonov regularization and a level set method. Some 2d numerical experiments show the feasibility of our approach.


The feeding acceptability of 40 different plants to Psylliodes chrysocephala L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) was determined using leaf disc consumption tests for the adult, and stem or petiole penetration tests for the larvae. Only plants that contained glucosinolates were accepted as food, but addition of the glucosinolate sinigrin to rejected food plants did not make them acceptable to adults. Of the 34 plants that contained glucosinolates, nine were either totally or mostly rejected. Solvent extracts of the rejected plants applied to oilseed rape inhibited feeding by adults. The feeding of P. chrysocephala within the group of plants tested is influenced by the presence or absence of glucosinolates, which may act as feeding stimulants, and other, unidentified chemicals which act as feeding inhibitors.


We demonstrate carbon nanotube (CNT) field-effect transistors (CNFETs) with the highest current drive (per unit layout width)1 to-date (>100 μA/μm at 400 nm channel length and 1V VDS), while simultaneously achieving high ION/IOFF (>5,000). This is the first demonstration of CNFETs with CNT density above 100 CNTs/μm consisting of highly-aligned CNTs and achieving both high current drive and high ION/IOFF. The current drives of the demonstrated CNFETs approach that of similarly-scaled and similarly-biased silicon-based field-effect transistors in production in major semiconductor foundries.


The apparent blood flow through the human calf has been measured by venous occlusion plethysmography in the horizontal subject both at rest, and while the volume of the calf was increased by up to 3 per cent by venous congestion. When this degree of venous distension was continued for 5 min., the apparent blood flow through the calf was not altered significantly. Since the perfusion pressure is presumably reduced, this suggests that the vessels of the calf offering resistance to flow are slightly dilated.


Concerns about privacy pervade human life, especially with the enormous growth of information and communication technologies over the past few decades. Unsurprisingly, the notion of privacy is being studied by a variety of disciplines, ranging from sociology and anthropology, to law and philosophy. Yet, despite all this attention on 'privacy', what exactly privacy amounts to remains less than clear. A similar story can be told for the notion of 'secrecy'. We probably all have our secrets – smaller ones or bigger ones – but how exactly we should understand the notion of a secret remains, again, less than clear. Apart from the question what privacy is and what secrecy is,we might also ask why one might want to protect one's privacy andwhy onemight want to have secrets. Intuitively, one main reason why one might want to protect one's privacy is that one doesn't want certain others to acquire knowledge of certain private facts about oneself. And one main reason whyonemightwant to keep certain things secret is that by allowing others to acquire knowledge of this particular fact, we might come to harm of some sort. We don't want just anyone to know just anything about us: we want to be able to control which persons obtain knowledge of which private or secret facts about ourselves in which contexts. Put differently: we don't want to be known to the same degree by just anyone in any old situation. Despite the intuitive connection between 'privacy', 'secrecy' and 'knowledge', it is interesting to note that in the literature on privacy and secrecy, scholars have thus far not taken advantage of the perspective of the philosophical discipline that studies knowledge (epistemology), and that epistemologists have likewise paid virtually no attention to privacy. An 'epistemology of privacy' and 'an epistemology of secrecy' are non-existent. There thus seems to be a mismatch between the sort of phenomena privacy and secrecy are, namely epistemic phenomena, and the research on privacy and secrecy that does not frame privacy in those specically epistemic terms. The papers in this special issue of Episteme aim to rectify this omission. They all deal with various aspects of privacy and secrecy from the point of view of epistemology. They thus try to connect epistemology to very important topics in our digitalized age. The papers collected in this issue were all presented at the 2012 Episteme conference at Delft University of Technology (the Netherlands). I am grateful to all who presented their research on this occasion and who helped made this conference a very exciting event. I am especially grateful to the referees who carefully read and commented on submitted papers and to the editor of Episteme, Alvin Goldman, for encouragement throughout. Episteme, 10, 2 (2013) 99 © Cambridge University Press doi:10.1017/epi.2013.10


The authors assumed that automatic preferences based on lower-order affective processes have a greater impact on choice when people focus on their affective response to choice options (affective focus) than when they try to find reasons for their preferences (cognitive focus). They further supposed that the impact of the focus during decision making is less important when the cognitive resources of consumers are constrained. In an experiment, participants had to choose between two options while the cognitive or affective focus and processing resources were manipulated. Measures of automatic preferences correlated with choice under an affective, but not under a cognitive, focus. In contrast to expectations, this effect of focus was not moderated by the manipulation of processing resources. Interest-ingly, the automatic measures contributed to the prediction of choice under an affective focus independently and apart from self-report measures. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Skin, polyamine derivative and / or analog; difluoride methyl ornithine (DFMO); N-acetylcysteine; non-hydroxy Additional agents, for example, of branched alcohols carboxylate alkylate and / or the ethoxylates, cerulenin, triclosan, alpha-methylene--γ- butyrolactone and EGCG, as well, the mixtures and the analog to decrease sebum and / or pore size It may be included in the compositions and methods of the present invention and the like.


Abstract Treatments of intact red yeast (Phaffia rhodozyma) cells by mechanical milling (MY), enzyme treatment (EY), spray-drying (SY), or extraction of the carotenoids (C) prior to inclusion in the diet of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) all resulted in excellent coloration and pigmentation of skin and muscle tissues with astaxanthin. There were significant (P EY > SY > C > pigment-free diet. Round weight was lower and flesh moisture content was higher for fish fed extracted carotenoids (C) than for trout fed the other experimental diets. The excellent pigmentation with diet containing SY appears to mitigate prior concern that astaxanthin is not assimilated by trout from intact red yeast.


Introduction: The present study explores brain connectivity in Parkinson's disease (PD) and in age matched healthy controls (HC), using quantitative EEG analysis, at rest and during a motor tasks. We also evaluated the diagnostic performance of the phase locking value (PLV), a measure of functional connectivity, in differentiating PD patients from HCs. Methods: High-density, 64-channels, EEG data from 26 PD patients and 13 HC were analyzed. EEG signals were recorded at rest and during a motor task. Phase locking value (PLV), as a measure of functional connectivity, was evaluated for each group in a resting state and during a motor task for the following frequency bands: (i) delta: 2–4 Hz; (ii) theta: 5–7 Hz; (iii) alpha: 8–12 Hz; beta: 13–29 Hz; and gamma: 30–60 Hz. The diagnostic performance in PD vs. HC discrimination was evaluated. Results: Results showed no significant differences in PLV connectivity between the two groups during the resting state, but a higher PLV connectivity in the delta band during the motor task, in HC compared to PD. Comparing the resting state versus the motor task for each group, only HCs showed a higher PLV connectivity in the delta band during motor task. A ROC curve analysis for HC vs. PD discrimination, showed an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.75, a sensitivity of 100%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%. Conclusions: The present study evaluated the brain connectivity through quantitative EEG analysis in Parkinson's disease versus healthy controls, showing a higher PLV connectivity in the delta band during the motor task, in HC compared to PD. This neurophysiology biomarkers showed the potentiality to be explored in future studies as a potential screening biomarker for PD patients.


The world is making a major transition from an industrial/nation-state paradigm to a dual system global/local world, a global village and a globe of villages. The old imagery of the "three worlds of development" is an out-dated notion that needs to be thrown away. The new world offers many opportunities for community development to be a central driving force of development, placing community at the center. Two especially important challenges will be the creating of new political structures reflective of the transitions taking place and the de institutionalizing of the human services professions while returning control and responsibility to the community.


Since the late 1980s, college counselors have reported seeing increasing numbers of students who present with severe forms of emotional and psychological disturbance. However, little direct evidence has yet to demonstrate any trend in the level of severity of presenting problems. In this article, the authors explore methodological challenges for researchers who attempt to examine the question of increasing severity of client problems. Implications for college counseling centers are discussed. ********** Growing concern about the prevalence of mental health problems among today's college students has been the subject of attention in national media (Kirn, 2003; Shea, 2002; Young, 2002) as have high profile cases of college student suicide (Sontag, 2002; Tavernise, 2003). Concern about the impact of student mental health problems on college campuses has even led to legislative action. The Campus Care and Counseling Act (2003, 2004) was introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives (H.R. 3593) and in the U.S. Senate (S. 2215) to amend the Higher Education Act in order to include a program to support college campuses that provide mental health services to students. The bill was subsequently incorporated into the Garrett Lee Smith Memorial Act ([H.R. 4799] 2004a, [S. 2634] 2004b), which was recently signed into law by President Bush. Funds were appropriated by Congress for 2005 authorizing competitive grants for colleges to strengthen or increase student access to mental health services. Is all of this concern justified? Have the mental health problems of college students become increasingly more severe over the past 2 decades? Results from Gallagher's national surveys of counseling center directors over the past several years, including the most recent one (Gallagher, 2003), suggest that most college counseling center practitioners would probably answer yes to these questions. For many years now, college counselors have contended that they are seeing growing numbers of students presenting with problems of a much more severe nature than traditional developmental or adjustment struggles. Severe problems have been defined as ones that cause significant disruption to a student's ability to function within the college environment or require mental health care beyond the capacity of the average campus counseling service (Sharkin, 1997, 2004). It is interesting that college counselors' claims of increasing client problem severity have not been supported by research. Sharkin (1997) previously noted this in a review of the research available at that time. According to Sharkin (1997), a primary reason that research failed to demonstrate a trend in the severity of presenting problems was because of methodological limitations. For example, previous studies did not always clearly define psychopathology or differentiate normal (developmental) problems from more severe problems. Since Sharkin's (1997) review, three studies have examined the trend of increasing severity of student problems. Findings from two of the studies (Cornish, Kominars, Riva, McIntosh, & Henderson, 2000; Pledge, Lapan, Heppner, Kivlighan, & Roehlke, 1998) did not provide any empirical support for the purported trend. Findings from a more recent large-scale study (Benton, Robertson, Tseng, Newton, & Benton, 2003) were believed, by many, to provide support for the trend, but this conclusion has been challenged due to methodological shortcomings (Sharkin, 2004). How do we understand this failure to empirically establish a trend reported for several years now by college counselors? It seems unlikely that the reported trend is simply based on distortions or misperceptions, given the large numbers of college counselors who seem to hold the perception of increasing severity. As counseling center practitioners with many years of college counseling experience between us, we too believe that increasing numbers of students have been presenting with more serious problems than in the past. …


The Johnson–Mehl germination-growth model is a spatio-temporal point process model which among other things have been used for the description of neurotransmitters datasets. However, for such datasets parametric Johnson–Mehl models fitted by maximum likelihood have yet not been evaluated by means of functional summary statistics. This paper therefore invents four functional summary statistics adapted to the Johnson–Mehl model, with two of them based on the second-order properties and the other two on the nuclei-boundary distances for the associated Johnson–Mehl tessellation. The functional summary statistics theoretical properties are investigated, non-parametric estimators are suggested, and their usefulness for model checking is examined in a simulation study. The functional summary statistics are also used for checking fitted parametric Johnson–Mehl models for a neurotransmitters dataset.


We give a short new computation of the quantum cohomology of an arbitrary smooth (semiprojective) toric variety $X$, by showing directly that the Kodaira–Spencer map of Fukaya–Oh–Ohta–Ono defines an isomorphism onto a suitable Jacobian ring. In contrast to previous results of this kind, $X$ need not be compact. The proof is based on the purely algebraic fact that a class of generalized Jacobian rings associated to $X$ are free as modules over the Novikov ring. When $X$ is monotone the presentation we obtain is completely explicit, using only well-known computations with the standard complex structure.


Ratio analysis has been a primary tool for conducting financial analysis of any company. Different ratios highlight overall financial position of a company. This research paper aims at analyzing the financial performance of Arasu Rubber Corporation using the framework of ratio analysis. The basic objective of this paper is to evaluate and judge the performance of Arasu Rubber Corporation during the research period. The reference period for the study is 10 years beginning from year 2000-01 to 2009-10.Data for the study has been taken from the annual report of Arasu Rubber Corporation for the corresponding years. The study reveals the inability of the corporation to maintain the liquidity ratio. The gross profit ratio is very high in all the years of study. Whereas, the net profit ratio was less which is an indication of the poor performance and operational efficiency of the firm.  A high debt equity ratio is observed in general. The high proprietary ratio indicated the better long term solvency. There is a fluctuating trend in interest coverage ratio as there is wide variation in EBIT. The high inventory turnover ratio indicated the efficiency of the inventory management of the firm.The total asset turnover ratio was inefficient during the initial period of study and improves as the year progresses.


We reviewed the normal sialographic image of the parotid gland directed to the sialographic interpretation for the diagnosis of its neoplasms. Through different examples is presented the normal image with accessories lobules and is presented the ductal morphology because these aspects are important signs for the diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasms. Also is stressed the importance of the emptying because is a good indicator for the ubication of the tumor.


Author Abstract In United Kingdom, after higher education reformation started 1992, research fund system drastically changed from equal supply to competitive method depends on objective assessment. As a result, objective research evaluation and researcher evaluation became recognized and almost all of higher education institutes tried to establish research management and administration structure. Most significant change is how to formulate the research strategy from institutional wide view and organizational assessment beyond individual researcher. This article provides overview of the development process of research administration in UK and describes how institutes managements and researchers accepted and leverage an effective tool in the process of RAE deployment.


HD 3167 is a bright (V=8.9 mag) K0 V star observed by the NASA's K2 space mission during its Campaign 8. It has been recently found to host two small transiting planets, namely, HD 3167 b, an ultra short period (0.96 d) super-Earth, and HD 3167 c, a mini-Neptune on a relatively long-period orbit (29.85 d). Here we present an intensive radial velocity follow-up of HD 3167 performed with the FIES@NOT, firstname.lastname@example.com, and HARPS-N@TNG spectrographs. We revise the system parameters and determine radii, masses, and densities of the two transiting planets by combining the K2 photometry with our spectroscopic data. With a mass of 5 . 69 ± 0 . 44 M ⊕ , radius of 1 . 574 ± 0 . 054 R ⊕ , and mean density of 8 . 00 +1 . 10 − 0 . 98 g cm − 3 , HD 3167 b joins the small group of ultra-short period planets known to have a rocky terrestrial composition. HD 3167 c has a mass of 8 . 33 +1 . 79 − 1 . 85 M ⊕ and a radius of 2 . 740 +0 . 106 − 0 . 100 R ⊕ , yielding a mean density of 2 . 21 +0 . 56 − 0 . 53 g cm − 3 , indicative of a planet with a composition comprising a solid core surrounded by a thick atmospheric envelope. The rather large pressure scale height ( ∼ 350 km) and the brightness of the host star make HD 3167 c an ideal target for atmospheric characterization via transmission spectroscopy across a broad range of wavelengths. We found evidence of additional signals in the radial velocity measurements but the currently available data set does not allow us to draw any firm conclusion on the origin of the observed variation.


This article experimentally studies the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete frames with buckling-restrained steel plate shear walls. The buckling-restrained steel plate shear wall is connected to adjacent reinforced concrete beams alone by an embedded steel connector in the beams (two-side connection). This is to avoid the force transfer between the shear wall and adjacent columns with a four-side connection. Four specimens of two-story and one-bay reinforced concrete frames with buckling-restrained steel plate shear walls are designed and tested under monotonic and cyclic loads. Finite element analyses are also conducted to further investigate the advantages of buckling-restrained steel plate shear walls by comparing the behavior of reinforced concrete frames with and without buckling-restrained steel plate shear walls. The results show that the presence of buckling-restrained steel plate shear wall can not only enhance the stiffness and load-bearing capacity but also improve the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of reinforced concrete frame structures. It is found that the drift ratio of the specimens reaches 1/15 under monotonic loads and 1/30 under cyclic loads. The specimens have ductility coefficients greater than 10. Two failure modes are found for reinforced concrete frames with buckling-restrained steel plate shear walls. Damages may concentrate at the base of ground floor columns for a frame with strong connectors, while plastic hinges may form at the ends of beams and columns for frames with weak connectors.


IN INDIAN PHILOSOPHY the systems which are generally regarded as atheistic are the Cirvika, the Srhtkhya, the Mimrihsi, Buddhism, and Jainism. The term atheism, when applied to a system of thought, usually means that the system has no use for the concept of God and that it is opposed to all forms of spiritualism and religion. Judged in this light, the Cirvika doctrine is the only true form of atheism. The Sirhkhya, the Mimitihsa, Buddhism, and Jainism are atheistic systems with a difference, for while they deny the reality of a personal God, they openly embrace spiritual and even religious ideas.


The conclusion by Wu and Thiel that a horizontal, insu lated, ungrounded antenna is a dependable probe for the horizontal E field is questioned. It is shown that the horizontal insulated antenna should be grounded at the end points to provide a reliable measure ment of the actual surface impedance in conjunction with the mea surement of the horizontal magnetic field. Wu and Thiel's experimen tal data supports this contention. Wu and Thiel (I J present some interesting experimental data on electric and magnetic field strengths of VLF transmissions from a distant transmitter. They conclude that a horizontal, fully insulated antenna is a much better field probe than a similar structure that is grounded at the ends. While I concur that an ungrounded horizontal antenna is more convenient, I believe the results obtained are sub ject to misinterpretatio n and possible errors in determining the geo logical substructure. It is the purpose of this communication to present an alternative interpretation. First of all, I will consider a reciprocal situation which is well understood electromagnetica lly. Specifically, we suppose that a horizontal insulated wire of length L is fed by a constant current I at a frequency w. The ends of the antenna are grounded as illus trated in Wu and Thiel (I, fig. 2(b)). We assume the condition I keL I « I, where ke is the effective propagation constant of waves traveling along the insulated cable. This is a partial justification for the above assertion that I is uniform over the antenna length (2). At a great circle distance d over the surface of the earth, the radial (i.e., the vertical) electric field strength, in the end-fire direction. is given approximately by


Optimized conditions which do not need any additional base allow the preparation of various title compounds with a broad substitution pattern.


This paper discusses the US dollar hegemony in the world economy. The discussion is carried out in three steps. First, the paper analyses the evolution of the US dollar in the world economy, emphasizing its resilience in the context of frequent financial crises. Second, the work discusses and compares the perspectives that trust the US dollar's continuing role as an international reserve to those that assume a likely decline of both the dollar and the US economy after the 2007 financial crash. Finally, the article seeks to raise a few potential consequences of the continuing hegemony or declining of the dollar for the peripheral countries.


The title salt, C6H18N22+·2C7H3N2O6−, contains 3,5-dinitrobenzoate anions and hexamethylenediammonium dications, the latter lying on inversion centres. These ions interact by way of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.


The existence, nonexistence and uniqueness of positive solutions for a kind of semilinear elliptic systems have been proved by using the fixed point theorem, and two practial examples are given.


Abstract Similar patterns of dispersion were observed over 90-day periods among hatchery-reared rainbow trout and rainbow-steelhead hybrid trout released in the Lake Washington system in 1966 and 1967. In both experiments 90% of recaptures were within 3.2 km of the release site. Returns were generally the same for the three tags tested (Carlin dangler, Petersen disk, Floy anchor pendant). Of the total fish released in 1966, 47.3% were recovered, and of those in 1967, only 40.5%. A reward was offered in the 1966 experiment. Loosening and loss of tags and infection of tag wounds appeared minimal.


Abstract : The stability of a fluid contained in a circular cylindrical tank with a flat, flexible bottom under a periodic axial excitation is studied. A variational approach is formulated. An approximate solution results in a pair of coupled ordinary differential equations with periodic coefficients. A method of handling the stability of the solutions of such a system of equations is presented. Numerical results are discussed.


Bacteria of the genus Streptomyces are used in multiple applications in the medical field owing to their ability to generate large quantities of secondary metabolites. Chromatographic purification of Streptomyces sp. MJM3055 led to the isolation of 1 new streptenol derivative, 1-O-acetylstreptenol A (2), along with (3E,8E)-1-hydroxydeca-3,8-dien-5-one (1), streptenol A (3), cyclo-(L-Ile-L-Pro) (4), streptazolin (5), and 7-O-acetylstreptazolin (6). The structures were elucidated by interpretation of combined mass spectrometry, circular dichroism, and 2-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data. Among these isolated compounds, compound 1 exhibited strong cytotoxic effects against Jurkat T cells.


Based on the conducted experimental studies regarding the comparative quality analysis for treated surfaces in abrupt and traditional grinding of polymer composite materials, the abrupt grinding performance criteria were determined and an advice list for abrasive processing of PCM was also made


The relationships among motivational orientations of entering university freshmen, their involvement in social and academic systems, and persistence/attrition were studied at Arizona State. The survey combined Boshier's Educational Participation Scales, Pascarella's Institutional Integration Scales, and 21 additional questions. (FRIC ED 259 617, 30 pp, MF $.97, PC $3.54).


Studies of diel patterns in 0+ fish assemblages in rivers are scarce and produce contradictory results. We compared day and night electrofishing samples at 29 sites on rivers of different sizes in the Czech Republic. Diel patterns of 0+ fish differed among sites, but were consistent within each river stretch. River size was negatively correlated with both the day : night ratio of abundance (day samples produced more 0+ fish in smaller streams, night samples produced more 0+ fish in larger rivers) and similarity between day and night assemblage. A higher day : night ratio of abundance and lower similarity between day and night samples were observed at shelter‐lacking habitats (beach) compared with shelter‐providing habitats (boulder bank and flooded terrestrial vegetation). Differences in 0+ fish size were not dependant on diel period, river size, habitat or species. Day‐only or night‐only samples provided only two‐third of the information provided by a combination of day and night samples. The effect of habitat type and river size on diel differences in electrofishing catches should be considered when deciding on 0+ fish sampling protocol. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the same shooting technical components determining performance in testing situation also affect performance in competition situation and how the technical skill level of these components changes from training to competition. Thirteen Finnish national (10) and junior national (3) rifle team members participated in the study. Participants were measured in competition and training situation within a five-day period. Shooting score, aiming point trajectory and postural balance were measured from both situations. Shooting performance decreased from training to competition situation (10.31 ± 0.13 vs. 10.14 ± 0.17, p < 0.05), accompanied by a decrease in holding ability, aiming accuracy, cleanness of triggering and postural balance. A multiple regression equation based on holding ability, aiming accuracy, cleanness of triggering and timing of triggering correlated with the competition situation shooting results (R = 0.76, p < 0.01). Changes in shooting performance from training to competition situation were most strongly related to the changes in horizontal holding ability (R = − 0.71, p < 0.01). Athletes and coaches should develop competition strategies and psychological training interventions in order to be able to maintain the horizontal holding ability in competition at training situation level.


Drug-eluting stents (DES) clearly reduce the incidence of angiographically assessed restenosis, but their cost-effectiveness is not well established. In a narrative review, these authors challenge the mainstream interpretation of DES trial data by reassessing evidence from randomized trials and registry reports published from January 1999 through November 2005.

The authors begin by highlighting that rates of restenosis and target-vessel revascularization (TVR) are nearly 50% higher in the bare-metal stent control groups of DES …


In 1883, at the age of 20, Henry C. Smith founded the Cleveland Gazette. He put his stamp on the newspaper and black public life in the city for more than one-half century. Smith, who served three terms in the Ohio legislature, initially was a strong supporter of the Republican Party and gave his paper a strong political focus. By 1896 politics, although not absent, was off the front page. The Gazette shows how the black press played an increasingly important sociocultural role in the late 19th century as a community builder.


Abstract In Peru, approximately 20% of the production of avocado var. Hass is discarded due to its low quality, and sold at low prices in local markets. The aim of this study was to optimize the blanching time and temperature to produce avocado pulp, using low quality discarded fruits as the raw material. The process was optimized using Response Surface Methodology with a 22 central composite rotational design (R2 ≥ 0.75; p < 0.05). The independent variables studied were the blanching time (0, 1.5, 5, 8.5, 10 min) and temperature (65, 68, 75, 82, 85 °C), where the avocados were blanched by immersion (with peel), and the pulp extracted, processed, vacuum sealed (0.035 MPa) and stored under refrigeration at 5 °C for 49 days. The low quality discarded avocados were shown to be ideal for pulping, since 98% of the fruits had an oil content below 15% with an average pulp yield of 79.23%. The results indicated that longer blanching times and higher temperatures of above 5 min and 75 °C, respectively, retained the green colour and increased the brightness of the pulp, avoiding enzymatic browning. In addition, the increase in both contributed to the stability of the product acidity and pH level, extending its shelf life. However, in the sensory analysis, the pulp submitted to temperatures above 82 °C obtained the lowest scores for taste, odour and general acceptance due to the presence of a bitter taste and unpleasant odours in the pulp. The central point trials (5 min; 75 °C) presented the best scores for the independent variables such as colour, taste, odour and sensory texture, also showing good physicochemical stability with a shelf life of 37 days.


This paper presents a design method of a Sliding Mode Observer (SMO) for robust sensor faults reconstruction of systems with matched uncertainty. This class of uncertainty requires a known upper bound. The basic idea is to use the H∞ concept to design the observer, which minimizes the effect of the uncertainty on the reconstruction of the sensor faults. Specifically, we applied the equivalent output error injection concept from previous work in Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) scheme. Then, these two problems of design and reconstruction can be expressed and numerically formulate via Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) optimization. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the validity and the applicability of the proposed approach.


The fundamental dynamics of the deformed Rikitake two-disc dynamo system is explored in this paper. Memory effect on the dynamical behavior of the generator system is studied by introducing a quadratic flux-controlled memristor. Hyperchaotic oscillation in the deformed Rikitake two-disk coupled generator is therefore firstly found. Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagram, and phase portraits prove the abundant dynamic behavior consistently.


Richard M. Rosenbleeth, of Philadelphia, updates his argument for ADR in dealing with the backlog of U.S. military veterans' disability claims.


A silicon-based plasmonic waveguide was designed and fabricated for use at telecommunications wavelengths. This waveguide is interfaced to the silicon photonics platform by use of a tapered silicon-on-insulator waveguide. Simulations indicate that this scheme excites the transverse magnetic plasmonic mode and that the electric fields are confined to the silicon-gold interface. Transmitted power is measured for several device lengths and the propagation distance and coupling efficiency are found to be 2.00 μm and 38.0%, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential for integration between silicon photonics and silicon plasmonic devices and demonstrate the ability to incorporate silicon-based plasmonic devices into complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor electronic and photonic circuitry.


The objective of this project was to study the electrical activities elicited by Low-Energy Focused Ultrasound (LEFUS) neurostimulation in ex vivo mouse hippocampal brain slices using a MicroElectrode Array (MEA) system. A mixed LEFUS/MEA platform was developed for spatial-temporal recording of neural responses induced by LEFUS exposures in ex-vivo hippocampal brain slices from a mouse model. Hippocampal slices were maintained functional in the 60 electrode MEA chip by perfusion with artificial cerebrospinal fluid. The LEFUS system consisted of a 1.78-MHz focused transducer (diameter: 15 mm, radius of curvature: 15 mm). LEFUS pulses (1.1 MPa, 284–568 cycles) were applied on slices at pulse repetition frequencies in the range of 0.2–1 Hz. Recorded signals resulting from LEFUS stimulation were characterized by negative deflections corresponding to LEFUS artifacts, followed by positive deflections corresponding to electrophysiological responses several milliseconds afterwards. This setup thus allows for the recording and differentiation of fiber volleys (latency ≈ 1–5 ms) and post-synaptic potentials (amplitude ≈ 100–800 μV) as a result of LEFUS stimulation. Such responses were observed in several electrodes across the MEA matrix while exhibiting a progressive drop in amplitude after every applied pulse (Long-term depression). [This project was supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR-16-TERC-0017) the LabEx DevWeCan, and the Focused Ultrasound Foundation (Centers of Excellence).]The objective of this project was to study the electrical activities elicited by Low-Energy Focused Ultrasound (LEFUS) neurostimulation in ex vivo mouse hippocampal brain slices using a MicroElectrode Array (MEA) system. A mixed LEFUS/MEA platform was developed for spatial-temporal recording of neural responses induced by LEFUS exposures in ex-vivo hippocampal brain slices from a mouse model. Hippocampal slices were maintained functional in the 60 electrode MEA chip by perfusion with artificial cerebrospinal fluid. The LEFUS system consisted of a 1.78-MHz focused transducer (diameter: 15 mm, radius of curvature: 15 mm). LEFUS pulses (1.1 MPa, 284–568 cycles) were applied on slices at pulse repetition frequencies in the range of 0.2–1 Hz. Recorded signals resulting from LEFUS stimulation were characterized by negative deflections corresponding to LEFUS artifacts, followed by positive deflections corresponding to electrophysiological responses several milliseconds afterwards. This setup thus allows for the ...


Observability of the single pulsar-based satellite autonomous navigation system is studied.The state equation and measurement equation of the system are presented.According to the characteristics of linearization of the extended Kalman filter,the observability analysis of piece-wise constant system(PWCS) is carried out to study the system observability.In the theoretical analysis,the observable matrix of this system is nearly singular,and the system is completely unobservable.It is demonstrated by simulation that,with measurements from only one pulsar,the estimated position and velocity propagated by satellite dynamics can be improved.Errors in position and velocity can be kept within certain limits in short time;but the satellite orbit cannot be estimated accurately over long time.


Through analyzing the important influence factors of the enterprise development,which including: benefit management and cost control,this paper studies the development problems in the third party logistic enterprises under strategic alliance,and thinks that innovation is the basic power of the enterprises under strategic alliance,service innovation needs the supporting structure composing with system innovation and management innovation provided by strategic alliance,and market innovation needs external supporting structure including policy environment,market environment and financing channel,which provided by strategic alliance.At the same time,in order to realize the development of the third party logistic enterprises,the cost control should be done well,and the special departments should be established to take control measures on the factors influencing alliance's logistic cost,such as client service level,raw materials and products,space as well as outside environment.


Let $G$ be a locally compact group. We show that every compact uniformly recurrent subgroup is contained in a compact normal subgroup. This generalizes a result of U\v{s}akov on compact subgroups with a cocompact normalizer.


Addiction often is colored by regret and resentment. Negativity feeds feelings of isolation and loneliness. It increases stress, undermines health and places a strain on relationships. It dampens expectations and motivations. The familiar role of victim challenges the ability to have inner peace. Self pity can encourage complacency to settle in, and feelings of serenity appear distant and unreachable.


We provide direct experimental evidence that the width of a Yukawa cluster exhibits power law behavior during the one-dimensional (1D) to two-dimensional (2D) zigzag transition. Configurations of small dusty (complex) plasma clusters confined in a biharmonic potential well are characterized as the well anisotropy is varied. When the anisotropy is large the particles are in a 1D straight-line configuration. As the anisotropy is decreased the cluster undergoes a zigzag transition to a 2D configuration. The measured dependence of cluster width on anisotropy follows a power law. A second transition from the zigzag to an elliptical configuration is also observed. The results are in very good agreement with a model of identical particles interacting through a Yukawa potential.


Summary Integrated two-dimensional Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) and hydrochemical surveys carried out to investigate and delineate a groundwater alluvial aquifer in the Kuala Langat, Malaysia. Resistivity method developed to investigate and delineate a groundwater aquifer in the Paya Indah Wetland. The electrical resistivity imaging surveys conducted to measures and maps of the resistivity subsurface materials. These techniques are applicable for the detection of subsurface formations, groundwater zones and also groundwater quality. A Wenner electrode array was successfully performed along and perpendicular together with length of 400 m and electrode space of 5 m. Chemical analysis of the groundwater samples from 5 boreholes were collected on May 2013. The region of fresh water is extremely obviously seen in the resistivity inverse model with the position around 20 m of depth. Results obtained from resistivity modeling as well as the hydrochemistry of the groundwater samples demonstrate that the soil and groundwater in the study area is a mixture of fresh and brackish water zones.


In this study, I examine how people in emotionally fraught circumstances strategically structure social interactions in order to protect fragile emotional states. Data come from interviews and observations with 18 families of children being treated for life-threatening conditions at an elite university research hospital. I show how families worked to ward off emotional threats to their ability to maintain hope that their children would recover by preempting and restructuring social interactions with friends and family members and pruning social networks. These efforts allowed families to minimize reciprocal obligations and avoid encountering pessimistic reflected appraisals that might trigger "emotional shortcuts" leading to states of fear and anxiety. Similar efforts to reconstruct social interactions and social networks may be common among those working to maintain fragile emotional states in a variety of challenging circumstances.


NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the regular meeting of the Public Works Commission of the City of Chino Hills, scheduled to be held on Wednesday, August 7, 2013 at 7:00 p.m. in the Council Chambers of the Civic Center located at 14000 City Center Drive, is hereby cancelled.


ABSTRACT. The effect of (flS)‐hydroprene treatment (2, 20, 200 μg) on JH release was assessed in virgin females of D. punctata (Eschscholtz) during the first 10 days of adult life as was basal oocyte length and number of cells in the CA. At a dose of 2 μg hydroprene, JH release was stimulated slightly and, on days 4 and 6, oocyte growth was significantly greater than that of acetone‐treated controls. A similar but more striking enhancement of JH release and basal oocyte growth was observed at a dose of 20 μg and a significant inhibition of JH release, in concert with a rapid growth of basal oocytes, was observed at a dose of 200 μg. During the observation period, the mean number of cells in the CA decreased in a dose‐dependent fashion, with a highly significant reduction in numbers in 20 and 200 μg‐treated animals. Reimplantation of vitellogenic ovarioles (three or six) into ovariectomized virgin females also resulted in an enhancement of JH release; this indicates that virgin female CA can respond to the stimulatory action of the ovary and is consistent with a model for (RS)‐hydroprene action in which the 'positive feedback' effect (stimulation of JH release) observed with low doses of the analogue occurs as a consequence of the action of the analogue on the ovary. (RS)‐hydroprene treatment stimulates basal oocyte growth to the point at which the previously unstimulatory virgin oocytes are able to enhance JH release by a feedback loop involving the CA and probably the brain.


Yes, it's a very good question Jim. I think the data that presented at the Experimental Biology 2008 Meeting really addressed many of these questions. We did at that meeting showed that the doses where ACP-104 is active in animal various types of animal models whether they are animal models of Schizophrenia or cognition. We had interactions of 104 with the relevant brain receptors including D2 5-HT2A and Muscarinic M1 receptors. We think that the kind of partial D2 receptor interaction that we have or we know them that interaction in fact is pretty similar Abilify's interaction with D2 receptors. It's a partial agonist that has slightly less efficacy than Abilify and we are convinced that that D2


Data driven approach is basically used to minimize the time taken for executing the operation of the system. In this we decide standard format of the data which makes decision of the valuable asset and processes and it may use multiple times to incorporate result from those data. The proposed system is not that much focus on data intelligent and data driven. GPTP means ―global professional tax positioning‖ In this, collect data from the form which are generalized, and put as an input and get desire output from this data. Here we are using JSON format which allows us to travel all of our data in whole request with the same format In current system we are using different data formats for front end operations and for back end operations So whenever request comes for proceeding the system needs to convert those data into one particular format then process those in front end then request for the operation takes place which need extra conversion of data. There are not enough tools to make UX maintenance and improvement affordable for small/medium companies, mainly to learn from the feedback of their users and try different ideas. Current system gives a less accuracy and reusability. Also it takes more time to give expected output.


The embodiment of the invention provides gas leakage monitoring equipment and method based on wireless communication. The equipment comprises a micro control unit and a temperature sensor, a flow sensor and a wireless radio frequency module which are connected with the micro control unit, wherein the flow sensor is used for detecting gas leakage amount of a gas leakage opening of a sealing element, the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the environment where the equipment containing gas is located, the microprocessor unit can compensate the gas leakage amount according to the temperature value, and the wireless radio frequency module is used for transmitting received data to a corresponding base station. By means of the gas leakage monitoring equipment and method based on the wireless communication, the detection accuracy of the gas leakage amount can be improved through temperature compensation, and meanwhile the detected data can be transmitted out remotely in time, the timeliness and the safety are guaranteed, and the equipment can be suitable for various gas through calibration. Compared with the prior art, the accuracy, the timeliness and the safety are improved.


In previous work, we related homotopy types of $(G,n)$-complexes when $G$ has periodic cohomology to projective $\mathbb{Z} G$ modules representing the Swan finiteness obstruction. We use this to determine when $X \vee S^n \simeq Y \vee S^n$ implies $X \simeq Y$ for $(G,n)$-complexes $X$ and $Y$, and give lower bounds for the number of minimal homotopy types of $(G,n)$-complexes when this fails. The proof involves constructing projective $\mathbb{Z} G$ modules as lifts of locally free modules over orders in products of quaternion algebras, whose existence follows from the Eichler mass formula. In the case $n=2$, difficulties arise which lead to a new approach to finding a counterexample to Wall's D2 problem.


Chemokines are 8 ± 12 kd chemoattractant cytokines characterized by a four cysteine motif (Luster, 1998; Ransohoff et al, 1996; Schall, 1994; Taub, 1996). The presence or absence of an intervening amino acid(s) (X) between the N terminal cysteines de®nes the CXC/CX3C and CC families, respectively. A third family, C chemokines, lacks an N terminal cysteine but is otherwise homologous. It was originally thought that the CXC chemokines mediated neutrophil migration and CC chemokines mediated mononuclear cell migration, but now a subclass of CXC chemokines that lacks the sequence gluatamic acid ± leucine ± arginine near the N terminal are potent chemotactic agents for activated T cells. Chemokines enhance chemoattraction and migration by several pathways (Taub, 1996). Chemokines bind to chemokine receptors, which are members of the seven transmembrane receptor family and are coupled to G proteins. Chemokine signaling induces a conformational change in integrin molecules and enhances their binding to the cell adhesion molecules ICAM and VCAM. In addition, chemokines may have direct effects on T cell activation and release of matrix metalloproteinases that digest the extracellular matrix underlying cerebral endothelium. The chemokines and chemokine receptor family are therefore likely to be important molecules in chronic progressive neurological diseases in which immune cells invade the central nervous system. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, predominantly demyelinating, disease of the central nervous system, characterized by perivenular in ̄ammatory cell in®ltrates (Martin and McFarland, 1995; Raine, 1994). Although the pathogenesis of the disease is unknown, a number of mechanisms have been suggested, including: (1) the disease is associated with autoreactive T cells directed against myelin peptides or (2) the disease is secondary to an inappropriate immune response to microbial antigens, predominantly viral. The concepts are not mutually exclusive, since an immune response directed against a virus may result in inappropriate immune reactivity through several mechanisms including persistent viral infection with: (1) molecular mimicry between viral epitopes and myelin or other CNS constituents; (2) in ̄ammatory cytokine mediated bystander damage, or (3) viral infection of oligodendrocytes that leads to impaired myelin *Correspondence: PA Calabresi, Departement of Neurology, Rhode Island Hospital-Brown University, 110 Lockwood St., Suite 342, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA Received 4 September 1998; revised 21 September 1998; accepted 25 September 1998 Journal of NeuroVirology (1999) 5, 102 ± 108 ã


The American Sociological Society will hold its Twenty-second Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C., December 27-30, with headquarters at the Hotel Raleigh. Meeting in Washington during the same time are the American Economic Association, the American Historical Association, the American Political Science Association, the American Statistical Association, the American Association for Labor Legislation, the American Farm Economic Association, and the National Community Center Association. Programs of these organizations may be secured by writing their secretaries: Frederick S. Deibler, American Economic Association, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. John S. Bassett, American Historical Association, 58 Pomeroy Terrace, Northampton, Massachusetts. J. R. Hayden, American Political Science Association, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Willford I. King, American Statistical Association, Commerce Building, 236 Wooster Street, New York, New York. John B. Andrews, American Association of Labor Legislation, I3I East Twenty-third Street, New York, New York. Leroy E. Bowman, National Community Center Association, Fayerweather Hall, Columbia University, New York, New York.


Your reviewer (presumably like many readers) is interested in gaining a more comprehensive understanding of the nature and state of work in this field even though he is not currently performing research involving demineralized bone matrix (DBM) or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). From that perspective, this seems to be an excellent text (both in context and physical quality) at a reasonable price. However, it appears to the reviewer that the book should also be of value of those in the field for at least two reasons—it broadly captures the perspective and experience of a number of non-U.S. researchers, and it contains an extremely comprehensive list of DBM and BMP citations (689) from 1951–1995. In a contributed introduction, Marshall R. Urist calls the book "a landmark volume" and that seems appropriate.


Recent work has shown promise in using large, publicly available, hand-contributed commonsense databases as joint models that can be used to infer human state from day-to-day sensor data. The parameters of these models are mined from the web. We show in this paper that learning these parameters using sensor data (with the mined parameters as priors) can improve performance of the models significantly. The primary challenge in learning is scale. Since the model comprises roughly 50,000 irregularly connected nodes in each time slice, it is intractable either to completely label observed data manually or to compute the expected likelihood of even a single lime slice. We show how to solve the resulting semi-supervised learning problem by combining a variety of conventional approximation techniques and a novel technique for simplifying the model called context-based pruning. We show empirically that the learned model is substantially better at interpreting sensor data and an detailed analysis of how various techniques contribute to the performance.


A new conception of flexible calculation that allows us to adjust a sum depending on the available time computation is presented. More specifically, the objective is to obtain a calculation model that makes the processing time/precision more flexible. The addition method is based on carry-select scheme adder and the proposed design uses precalculated data stored in look-up tables, which provide, above all, quality results and systematization in the implementation of low level primitives that set parameters for the processing time. We report an evaluation of the architecture in area, delay and computation error, as well as a suitable implementation in FPGA to validate the design.


School pupils with diabetes are missing important parts of the curriculum because they are being withdrawn from physical education and other classes, the RCN claims.


Objective:To study the expressions of S100A4 protein and E-cadherin in bladder carcinoma and their significance. Methods: We evaluated 64 bladder transitional cell carcinomas (BTCCs) and 10 controls and examined S100A4 protein and E-cadherin by immunohistochemical S-P method. Results: The expression of S100A4 protein was founded in 71.9% in BTCCs and E-cadherin was 56.3% (P0.05, P0.05). Both S100A4 protein and E-cadherin in BTCCs and nomal bladder tissue had significant difference. The expression of S100A4 protein was positively correlated with tumor grade, lymph node metastasis and T stage (P0.05), but not with age, sex and the size of tumor (P0.05). The expression of E-cadherin decreased while the expression of S100A4 protein increased . The expression of E-cadherin increased while the expression of S100A4 protein decreased. Conclusion: The expression of S100A4 protein and loss of E-cadherin are significantly associated with tumor progression in BTCCs. Both of them can be the predictors of the biological behavior and trend of the patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma. The expression of S100A4 protein and the expression of E-cadherin in BTCCs are intimate relation. They perhaps affect the occurrence, development and metastasis of BTCCs together.


Commentaries on Marx are a dime a dozen. Yet, since Marx has ceased to be a mine from which to unearth hitherto unsuspected theoretical treasures, and has rather become a domain for political struggle, commentaries take on a specific character reflective of the determinate political battles in which they function as munitions. Thus, Rovatti's book does not even pretend to be concerned purely with the exegetical or explicative tasks of reiterating "what Marx really meant," but aims specifically at challenging a fashionable reading of Marx which typifies the current theoretical crisis and practical political degeneration of "official" Marxism. The target is Althusser and his followers, whose positivized Marxism, purged of the dialectic and of the theory of alienation, presents a perfect apology for both the bureaucratic statism in the U.S.S.R. and the objectively social-democratic Realpolitik of Western European Communist Parties.