The antifungal ketoconazole, which is mainly used for dermal infections and treatment of Cushing's syndrome, is prone to drug–food interactions (DFIs) and is well known for its strong drug–drug interaction (DDI) potential. Some of ketoconazole's potent inhibitory activity can be attributed to its metabolites that predominantly accumulate in the liver. This work aimed to develop a whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of ketoconazole and its metabolites for fasted and fed states and to investigate the impact of ketoconazole's metabolites on its DDI potential. The parent–metabolites model was developed with PK-Sim® and MoBi® using 53 plasma concentration-time profiles. With 7 out of 7 (7/7) DFI AUClast and DFI Cmax ratios within two-fold of observed ratios, the developed model demonstrated good predictive performance under fasted and fed conditions. DDI scenarios that included either the parent alone or with its metabolites were simulated and evaluated for the victim drugs alfentanil, alprazolam, midazolam, triazolam, and digoxin. DDI scenarios that included all metabolites as reversible inhibitors of CYP3A4 and P-gp performed best: 26/27 of DDI AUClast and 21/21 DDI Cmax ratios were within two-fold of observed ratios, while DDI models that simulated only ketoconazole as the perpetrator underperformed: 12/27 DDI AUClast and 18/21 DDI Cmax ratios were within the success limits.


This chapter briefly discusses the rituals in the mysteries, the rituals in the Phrygian cults and Egyptian cults, and the cultic practice in Mithraism. The mysteries were historically conditioned by the ambivalent attitudes of the wider society; their social catchment meant that they could never enjoy an unequivocal status. This chapter summarises this institutionalised ambivalence by invoking Victor Turner's contrasting notions of liminality and communitas. The standard accounts, ancient and modern, of the early history of the Phrygian cults at Rome insist on the fact that it was not simply a new deity that was introduced but an entire cult, complete with a liturgy, processions and cult-attendants from a religious tradition quite different from the Roman. The chapter examines the role of two basic ritual practices, sacrifice and prayer, as elements in the process of binding worshippers to the Egyptian cults.Keywords: cultic practice; Egyptian cults; Mithraism; mysteries; Phrygian cults; ritual


Based on ASP.NET platform,this article introduces some modules of consistent function.Under the case needless to program duplicatly,these modules can automatically produce the corresponding dynamic pages.In application procedure,each kind of different dynamic pages presenting to customers needs only one page object class which is designed specially as the base class of page object class which produces the actual dynamic page.The base class not only defines how to produce dynamic page,but also can deal with the requirements of various users' different events.


Use of unannealed 316L stainless wire as HGMS matrix material in an application requiring frequent reversals of the magnetizing field has been noted to result in slow degradation of matrix magnetization characteristics, with attendant reductions in magnetic filtration efficiency. This alloy should be restricted to applications where field reversals are seldom required, particularly if it is exposed to corroding fluids. A similar precaution probably applies to other austenitic alloys.


In addition to the regular oval defect, two grotesque features, named pyramidal and ellipsoidal shaped defects, have been observed on MBE-grown GaAs layers. Those grotesque defects were demonstrated to have come from a foreign contamination of the Ga source. A method for reducing those defects is also proposed.


This paper presents a simulation model of a conveyor belt failure process. The model allows determination of the wear conditions of a conveyor belt as function to the number of operating cycles. A number of factors which influence the belt resistance were included, eg size, shape and type of the transported material, decrease of the belt resistance in time etc.


It is well accepted that statins, hypercholesterol‐lowing agents, have direct therapeutic effects on the atherosclerotic lesions. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Given the pivotal role of macrophages in atherosclerosis, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of simvastatin, a prototype of the most statins used clinically, on the foam cell formation by examining lysosomal lipids in macrophages. Using fluorescent microplate reader and confocal microscopy, we found that simvastatin dose‐dependently (in nM: 0, 10, 50, 100, 150 and 200) decreased lysosomal lipid deposition in macrophages treated with oxLDL ( 40 µg/ml ) as stained by lysosomal lipid specific dye of Bodipy 493/503. Oil red O staining and electron microscopy showed that the foam cell formation was substantially attenuated. In simvastatin‐ treated macrophages, the cholesterol level in the purified lysosome fractions was markedly decreased. RT‐PCR analysis revealed that the expression of NPC1, a lysosomal cholesterol transporter, was significantly enhanced. Silencing of NPC1 markedly decreased simvastatin‐induced lysosomal lipids transport. These results indicate that simvastatin‐induced cholesterol transport out of lysosome in macrophages leads to foam cell formation attenuation via enhancing NPC1 expression, which may be a therapeutic mechanism of statins to ameliorate atherosclerotic lesions.


Even though both farm and wild raw honeys are better than processed honey in terms of nutritional value and quality, wild honey is more expensive than farm honey due to its scarcity, nutrition, and quality. However, there is a challenge for consumer to differentiate both farm and wild raw honey due to the complexity of raw honey. Although near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is promising to assist consumers to differentiate types of honeys, the financial barrier to have a NIR spectroscopy is needed to be addressed. Thus, this research aims to evaluate the performance of a low cost NIR light acquisition alternative in classifying stingless bee honeys using artificial neural network (ANN). First, 164 honey samples of two different types of raw honeys were prepared. Next, NIR light LEDs of five different wavelengths i.e. 850, 860, 870, 890, and 950 nm with light sensors were used to acquire the transmitted NIR absorbance from raw honey sample. ANN with different number of hidden neurons were used to analyze the data, and six datasets were used to investigate the best distance between NIR light source and light sensors. Results indicate that the acquired NIR light coupled with ANN by using eight hidden neurons and an average distance of 40 mm from light source to light sensor were able to produce the best result with the best true positive (TP) correct classification percentage accuracy and cross entropy (CE) value of 96.0% and 1.14, respectively.


Research in animal models has demonstrated the existence of an early programming (EP) of the offspring towards obesity and metabolic syndrome in the presence of factors such as an elevated maternal BMI in pregnancy, maternal overnutrition/undernutrition during pregnancy and the exposure to nicotine during pregnancy and lactation.

Studies in human beings have so far confirmed the correlation between the above mentioned maternal factors and an increased risk of obesity in children.

If, in fact, the future generations are being programmed in an early …


The article analyses the juridical condition of transgender child and adolescent, exploring the recent case-law and the balancing between rights and freedoms involved. The silence of the law and the rapid evolution of awareness will show the actuality of the debate and the difficulty to propose a solution to the complex issues involved.


For a quick and accurate calculation of spatial neu tron distribution in nuclear power reactors 3D nodal cod es are usually used aiming at solving the neutron diffusion equati on for a given reactor core geometry and material composition. The se codes use a second order polynomial to represent the transverse l akage term. In this work, a nodal method based on the well known n odal expansion method (NEM), developed at COPPE, making use of thi s polynomial expansion was modified to treat the transverse leak age term for the external surfaces of peripheral reflector nodes. The proposed method was implemented into a computat ional system which, besides solving the diffusion equatio n, also solves the burnup equations governing the gradual changes in m aterial compositions of the core due to fuel depletion. Res ults confirm the effectiveness of this modified treatment of periphe ral nodes for practical purposes in PWR reactors. Keywords—Transverse leakage, nodal expansion method, power density, PWR reactors


I appreciate the opportunity to review and offer commentary on the articles in this special edition on sport development. The discussion of sport development as a scholarly and programmatic movement is a new and welcome discovery for me. Thus, this commentary reflects the views of an outsider in that I am not an active contributor to sport development. However, many of the scholars contributing to this feature, and to the larger discussion of sport development, raise issues that resonate with my own scholarly work. In that sense, I am not a complete outsider and emphasize connections and opportunities with sport development in this commentary.


Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a well known group of disorders of movement, muscle tone, or other features that reflect abnormal control over motor function by the central nervous system. The oral findings in these groups of patients are important to know in order to allow efficient dental management of such patients. The article presents a review of oral findings in such patients and the specific dental features encountered.


Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a serious condition that requires prompt diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention to prevent tissue necrosis, nerve damage, soft tissue and bone infections, and possible amputation. Typically, ACS presents following trauma with fractures of long bones. However, it can present uniquely without any cardinal symptoms of ACS, making the diagnosis of ACS challenging and increasing the risk for complications. According to the literature, intercompartmental pressure (IPC) and serum creatine phosphokinase can be helpful in the diagnosis of ACS. Fasciotomy should be performed as soon as possible to prevent unwanted complications. In this paper, we will present three unique cases of ACS in adult, adolescent, and young child with a review of current literature.


Incorporating industrial wastes and recyclable materials as additives and/or alternatives in raw materials of concrete bricks is an approach used by environmentalists to convert wastes to reusable materials. Facing bricks are aesthetic material that can be installed in the internal or external walls of houses or buildings. Spent Activated Carbon-Bleaching Earth (SACBE) is an industrial waste generated from the physical refining process of vegetable oil. SACBE is commonly disposed or buried in dedicated landfills. SACBE has no significant utilization and causes environmental hazards upon disposal. The study is designed to find the most effective and efficient mixture ratio of cement facing bricks with SACBE. The paper also investigates the physical and mechanical properties of the SACBE mixture. Three sets of mixtures with varying amount of SACBE in 800 mL, 900 mL, and 1 L of water were created. The volume of sand in the original ratio was substituted with 0% SACBE up to 30% SACBE in increments of 5%. Cement, sand, SACBE, and water were mixed accordingly to the different ratios and air dried in 7 days. Analysis of the results showed that as the percentage of SACBE increases, the density of the facing bricks decreases while the volume of water has no concrete effect on density. The water absorbed in varying amounts of water with the same percentage of SACBE decreased for most samples while the compressive strength is lower for the 900 mL across all samples. Results showed that the 30% SACBE mixture in 1 L of water is the optimum mixture of SACBE. This mixture exhibits higher compressive strength while having lowest density and minimum water absorption compared to other mixtures.


A numerical two-dimensional nonstationary model is developed to study the initiation of new explosive center beneath the plasma of a vacuum arc cathode spot. The process of heating of a cathode surface microprotrusion has been simulated numerically. The obtained results of this paper show that taking into account the ion impact heating and the electric field of the space charge zone near the cathode surface ensure the "triggering" heat flux power necessary for the development of the Joule heating of the microprotrusion followed by explosion at reasonable values of the ion current and of the geometric parameters of the microprotrusion.


Abstract In this study for the first time, polybenzimidazole (PBI)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/BaZrO3 hybrid nanocomposite membrane has been prepared for high-temperature Proton exchange membrane fuel cell. BaZrO3 nanoparticles as metal oxide were prepared by sol gel combustion method and a detailed structural study has been carried out by Rietveld refinement. The temperature and relative humidity dependence of the proton conductivity were investigated. The protonic conductivity of the hybrid nanocomposite has been studied by using a fuel cell testing station at 25–100 °C systematically. Hybrid nanocomposite membrane (PBI-PVA-BZO) demonstrates maximum proton ion conductivity 7.24 × 10−2 S/cm as compare to PVA, and hybrid composites (PVA-PBI). The highest peak power density of 47.5 mW/cm2 was achieved for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell which included hybrid nano-composite membranes at 70 °C.


Objective
To investigate the expression and correlation of Notch1 protein and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ protein in placenta of early onset severe preeclampsia ( PE ) pregnant women.

Methods
From October 1, 2016 to September 30, 2017, 65 pregnant women with severe PE who were hospitalized in Guangdong Women and Children′s Hospital and underwent elective cesarean section were selected into this study. According to different gestational ages, 33 pregnant women with early onset severe PE (gestational age≤34 weeks) were included into early onset severe PE group, and 32 pregnant women with late onset severe PE (gestational age>34 weeks) were included in late onset severe PE group. At the same time, 30 pregnant women who were hospitalized in the same hospital due to abnormal fetal position or fetal distress and underwent elective cesarean section during the same period were randomly selected into control group. Immunohistochemically streptavidin peroxidase (SP) method was used to detect the distribution and expression levels of Notch1 protein and PPAR-γ protein in placental tissues. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the age, gestational age, average gray-value scale of Notch1 protein and PPAR-γ protein among three groups. The least significant difference (LSD) method was used to further compare the average gray-value scale of Notch1 protein and PPAR-γ protein among three groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between Notch1 protein and PPAR-γ protein in placenta tissue of pregnant women. The procedures followed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards established by the Human Subjects Trial Committee of Guangdong Women and Children′s Hospital, and this study was approved by this committee (Approval No. 201601027). Informed consent was obtained and signed with each subject.

Results
①There were no significant differences in age and gestational age between early onset severe PE group, late onset severe PE group and control group (P>0.05). ② Notch1 protein was expressed in placental tissues of 3 groups, mainly localized in the cytoplasm of placental trophoblast cells, showing pale yellow-dark brown granules. PPAR-γ protein is mainly located in the nucleus of villous cytotrophoblast, and a small part of PPAR-γ protein is expressed in cytoplasm, presenting tan-dark brown granules. ③ The average grey-scale values of Notch1 protein and PPAR-γ protein in placental tissues among 3 groups were all statistically significant (F=5.565, P=0.012; F=8.694, P=0.006). Multiple comparison results showed the following results. The average gray-scale values of Notch1 protein in placenta tissues of 3 groups were respectively pairwise compared, and the differences were statistically significant (early onset severe PE group vs late onset severe PE group: LSD-t=3.218, P=0.005; early onset severe PE group vs control group: LSD-t=4.832, P=0.007; late onset severe PE group vs control group: LSD-t=2.948, P=0.008). The average grey-scale values of PPAR-γ protein in placental tissues were compared among 3 groups, and the differences were also statistically significant (early onset severe PE group vs late onset severe PE group: LSD-t=3.412, P=0.003; early onset severe PE group vs control group: LSD-t=4.927, P=0.002; late onset severe PE group vs control group: LSD-t=3.168, P=0.001). ④Pearson correlation analysis of Notch1 protein and PPAR-γ protein in placenta tissues of early severe PE group and late severe PE group showed that the average gray-scale values of Notch1 protein and PPAR-γ protein were negatively correlated (r=-0.461, P<0.05).

Conclusions
The relative expression level of Notch1 and PPAR-γ protein in placental tissue of pregnant women with early onset severe PE were down-regulated and up-regulated, suggesting that abnormal expressions of Notch1 protein and PPAR-γ protein may play a leading role in the infiltration of trophoblasts and affect the occurrence and development of early onset severe PE.

Key words:
Pre-eclampsia; Notch1; PPAR gamma; Trophoblast; Placenta; Pregnant women


A drug recommendation system is a technology-based solution that assists healthcare professionals in suggesting appropriate medications for patients based on various factors such as medical history, symptoms, demographics, and drug effectiveness. The system utilizes advanced algorithms and techniques to analyse large datasets, including patient information, drug profiles, clinical studies, and drug-drug interactions, among others. This research study presents a drug recommendation system that utilizes model-based filtering techniques, specifically Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). The system aims to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of drug recommendations by analysing large diabetes patient datasets containing patient information, drug profiles, and clinical studies. To evaluate the system's performance, three standard evaluation metrics are employed. Furthermore, a visual comparison of the evaluation metrics was presented using a bar graph, which clearly demonstrates the superiority of SVD over NMF. The findings contribute to the advancement of personalized healthcare and emphasize the importance of employing suitable algorithms for accurate medication suggestions.


In this paper, we consider a planar dynamical system with a piecewise linear function containing two dropping sections and approximating some continuous nonlinear function. Studying all possible local and global bifurcations of its limit cycles, we prove that such a piecewise linear dynamical system, with five singular points, can have at most four limit cycles, three of which surround the foci one by one and the fourth limit cycle surrounds all of the singular points of this system.


SUMMARY Crisis communication plans and marketing recovery campaigns are a key component of destination recovery after crises or disasters. Despite increasing researcher and practitioner interest in crisis and disaster management, further analysis of these components of recovery is warranted. This article contributes to this growing body of research by analysing the advertising components of a recovery marketing campaign developed and implemented immediately after bushfires in the Australian Capital Territory in 2003. The findings are drawn from relevant documents, marketing collateral and in-depth interviews with government agencies, professional associations and businesses. Despite a lack of relevant plans, the marketing campaign was an effective exercise in crisis communication under temporal and resource constraints and demonstrated application of research, rapid response, financial support, consistency of messages, honest and open communication and evaluation. Planning, training and further analytical case study research is recommended.


Mount Emei- Leshan Giant Buddha is a famous natural and cultural heritage,and contains a wealth of tourism and culture resource. The rise of low- carbon tourism provides a rare opportunity for tourism area development but it also brings up with great challenges. From the perspective of low- carbon tourism,this paper takes Mount Emei- Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area as an example and reports a SWOT analysis of the low-carbon tourism development pattern of scenic spot from four aspects: its advantages,disadvantages,opportunities and challenges,which provides a realistic reference to implement and deepen low- carbon tourism development.


This guide is for NYU School of Medicine students, physicians and clinical staff supporting pediatric patient care at NYU Langone Medical Center and affiliated communities. The purpose of this guide is to provide easy access to helpful tools/resources.


The purpose in presenting this discussion of semimicro qualitative analysis is threefold. First, a review of some of the experiences gained in using this method for the past three years at Ottawa University will be presented. Second, the results of a brief survey of the extent to which the semimicro method of qualitative analysis is being used in Kansas colleges and universites are to be given. And third, it is hoped that the presentation of this topic will result in a discussion and exchange of ideas among those interested in this method of analysis. That there is considerable interest in this modification of qualitative analysis is indicated, perhaps, by the response to the survey which was made. Nineteen of the twenty-one schools to which inquiries were directed responded to the survey. A comparison of the macro and semimicro methods of qualitative analysis has been given elsewhere (J. Chem. Educ., 9, 1636 [19321). It is sufficient to state here that the following are some of the advantages claimed for the semimicro method. It is less expensive, it requires greater care on the part of the student, it is more rapid, and unpleasant odors can be kept to a minimum impossible with the macro method. The semimicro method of qualitative analysis has been used at Ottawa University since 1937 in a four-semester hour course for second-year chemistry students. The first two years Engelder, Dunkelberger, and Schiller's textbook,1 "Semimicro Qualitative Analysis" was used. During the present school year the book, "Semimicro Qualitative Analysis" by Meldrum, Flosdorf, and Daggett2 was employed. A fairly accurate record of the cost of the semimicro course has been kept. In making purchases, equipment for twenty students was normally secured. For the first two years the cost per student for equipment and supplies not available from the usual chemistry storeroom and required exclusively for introducing the semimicro course was approximately $6.75. Part of the necessary equipment was homemade. Also, the course as originally introduced required a greater number of organic reagents than is used now. Concerning the results of student analyses, Smith3 has reported for a class in semimicro qualitative analysis that in 1,193 times cations were potentially present in the unknown samples issued, in 1,003 times it was correctly reported present or absent, as the case might be. Correct results were therefore reported 84 percent of the time. For the 1939-'40 class at Ottawa University this figure was found to be 89 percent for the cation analysis. It is well to recall in this connection that the unknowns for cation analysis consisted of 2.5 ml. samples, each containing from 3 to 5 mg. of the various individual ions.


In several recent publications Evans has criticized the use of subjects' strategy reports in the explanation of their performance. In this paper a distinction is drawn between 'strategy statements' made via introspections, and 'self-hypotheses' where subjects speculate on the causes of their behaviour. Evans' empirical and logical arguments are shown not to invalidate strategy statements, and the value of such statements is illustrated.


In this paper the existence and uniqueness of the global solutions for a class of beam system under the joint impact of axial force and nonlinear external force are studied,and then by using Galerkin method,the existence and uniqueness of global L∞ (0,T;H40(Ω)) Symbole solution of the system is proved in not more than four-dimensional spaces when the nonlinear term is under appropriate conditions.


The purpose of this case study was to determine what image-repair strategies the University of Louisville employed immediately after the announcement of an FBI investigation involving multiple universities and college coaches taking bribes in order to steer high-profile recruits to certain agents. Specifically, this case study examined the image-repair strategies used on the University of Louisville's official Facebook page and the comments made to those posts to gauge public reaction to the university's image-repair strategies. The University of Louisville primarily employed the image-repair strategies of transcendence, bolstering, stonewalling, and a newly identified strategy referred to as rallying, or unifying and "moving beyond" the scandal. Three themes emerged from an inductive analysis of users' comments, including support, rejection, and scandal. The high volume of support indicates that many users were receptive to the university's attempt to reduce the offensiveness of the scandal through the use of bolstering and transcendence.


Aims. We investigate the photometric signature of magnetic flux tubes in the solar photosphere. Methods. We developed two-dimensional, static numerical models of isolated and clustered magnetic flux tubes. We investigated the emergent intensity profiles at different lines-of-sight for various spatial resolutions and opacity models. Results. We found that both geometric and photometric properties of bright magnetic features are determined not only by the physical properties of the tube and its surroundings, but also by the particularities of the observations, including the line/continuum formation height, the spatial resolution, and the image analysis techniques applied. We show that some observational results presented in the literature can be interpreted by considering bright magnetic features to be clusters of smaller elements, rather than a monolithic flux tube.


The properties of the unstable particles are studied by investigating the Lee model and a modified form of it. We define the unstable particle to be the complex pole of the analytically continued Green's function on the unphysical Riemann sheet. The mass and lifetime of the unstable particles are determined. Different ways of calculating the renormalization constant are discussed. The Lehmann‐Symanzik‐Zimmermam (LSZ) formalism is extended to include the unstable particles. Decay and scattering amplitudes for the unstable particles are calculated. The formalism is exact and does not depend on the arbitrary separation of the total Hamiltonian. Comparison with results obtained by other methods is discussed.


It has generally been considered that the Triassic was a tectonically quiescent period on the northern Barents Shelf. Located on the distal Uralide foreland, sedimentation was dominated by the advance of prograding deltaic systems. The Triassic succession exposed on Edgeoya (east Svalbard) displays two interacting types of growth fault: listric faults that sole out in the Triassic pro-delta/marine shales; and steeper, more planar, normal faults with a deeper-seated origin. In the nearby offshore realm, 2D seismic data suggest a previously undocumented phase of minor extensional movements during the Triassic that renewed activity on deep-rooted faults initiated during the Palaeozoic. The faults strike approximately east–west, onshore and offshore, with most fault throws down to the south. The seismic data in the Upper Triassic sequence also show smallscale offsets, curved reflectors, and a generally more chaotic signature suggestive of syn-sedimentary disruption. The coeval timing and orientation suggest a link between the reactivation of faults that reach the basement and the development of shallow growth faults. Triassic fault activity has previously been documented in the south. Its occurrence in the north, too, suggests a regional, crustal-scale driving force. We speculate that Uralide foreland deformation preferentially reactivated older east–west basement-seated fault zones.


In order to meet the requirements for quality education,according to the requirement of major education.Through the teaching practice and discussion,the authors propose that the emphasis of teaching reform of this course should be basing on the course characteristics of Engineering of Water Supply and Drainage for Fire-protection Engineering,updating the teaching content timely,optimizing the teaching methods and improving teaching quality.


Electronic screening (e-screening) sorts and diverts commercial vehicles that have a high likelihood of being overweight into a weigh station using weigh-in-motion technology. E-screening is known to add significant efficiency in operating weigh stations by allowing eligible trucks to bypass the in-station inspection, hence reducing the congestion at the weigh station. The primary goal of this study was twofold: (a) to develop a simulation model for describing the e-screening operation at truck weigh stations and (b) to analyze and evaluate the weigh station operation with varying values of affecting factors including the transponder penetration rate and the weigh-in-motion weight threshold. This study focuses the e-screening operation at a small weigh station with relatively short queuing area and heavy truck volumes, which is inevitably vulnerable to truck overflows and is sensitive to the prevailing transponder penetration rate and the weigh-in-motion threshold. The simulation results reveal that an e-screening operation can substantially improve the overweight enforcement and can reduce the travel time of legal trucks passing the test weigh station. The simulation results also demonstrate that properly adjusted weigh-in-motion thresholds can effectively enhance the overweight enforcement by preventing overweight trucks from being granted a false green light as a result of the erroneous weigh-in-motion measurement error. The study results also indicate that with the transponder penetration rate equal to or less than 20%, the e-screening benefits are relatively insignificant and adjusting the weigh-in-motion threshold may further deteriorate the enforcement efficiency.


Urban size would influence the urban-rural income gap through aggregation effect and diffusion effect.Based on empirical analysis of cross-section data and panel data,this paper showed that the enlargement of urban size would reduce urban-rural income gap.With the expansion of urban size,urban-rural income gap formed a U-shaped curve.Dispersed structure and high economic development level of cities could reduce urban-rural income gap.The impact of urban size on urban-rural income gap was significant on different scales.This paper also provided some suggestions of city development.


Pregnancy is a time in the expected lives of many women. Right now develop expectations for his wife and family when you can bring a lot of doubts, anxieties, joys, sorrows and concerns for those involved. So how has proposed objectives of the research: Identify how many women with gestational trophoblastic disease were met by the Maternity HUAP / UFF, january 2007 to december 2011; characterize gestational trophoblastic disease such as women hospitalized following variables: age, parity, clinical classification, treatment and clinical complications, and relate these variables resulting from gestational trophoblastic disease. This is a descriptive and retrospective study with a quantitative approach, which used as the unit of analysis charts of patients with a diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) in the period from 2007 to 2011. The scenario of data collection was the sector's Medical File Antonio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP) / Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), located in the city of Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro. The subjects studied by analysis of medical records, 32 women were hospitalized as a result of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). This study was approved and released to the beginning of data collection by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal Fluminense, under the protocol number 182,273 on 11/01/2013. While discussion and analysis, the study showed that not all the variables studied the medical records of gestational trophoblastic disease are related, using as basis of relevant literature citations. While discussion and analysis, the study showed that not all the variables studied the medical records of gestational trophoblastic disease are related, using as basis of relevant literature citations.


PurposeIn the last few years a new management style and paradigm has emerged with the aim of improving employee motivation, commitment and satisfaction through participatory management practices and more democratic organizational structures. Based on this new paradigm, this study examines the consequences of participative decision making for job satisfaction and trust.Design/methodology/approachTo examine the proposed relationships structural equation modelling was used on a sample of 3,364 employees conducted by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Eurofound).FindingsResults confirm that participative decisions positively influence job satisfaction both directly and indirectly by means of employees' perception of trust.Originality/valueBased on democratic management style, this study shows how participative decisions and trust can increase job satisfaction.


This paper presents an approach to analyzing user-perceived complexity of new artifacts in interactive systems, or novelty complexity for short. The original goal of this research effort was to define user-perceived complexity criteria and related methods that would enable a human-centered design team to better anticipate the impact of novelty complexity on efficiency, safety and comfort. People perceive complexity as they are acting or need to act in their environment, especially when this environment changes. A major distinction is made between technologycentered internal complexity, and user-perceived complexity. They are analyzed along a maturity axis. A number of complexity-related concepts have been elicited from experts using appropriate knowledge acquisition methods. Results were synthesized into empirical criteria and methods for novelty complexity analysis useful during the whole life-cycle of a design process. A discussion is started on human-centered design based with respect to complexity and maturity issues.


Pulsars traveling at supersonic speeds are often accompanied by cometary bow shocks seen in Halpha. We report on the first detection of a pulsar bow shock in the far-ultraviolet (FUV). We detected it in FUV images of the nearest millisecond pulsar J0437-4715 obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope. The images reveal a bow-like structure positionally coincident with part of the previously detected Halpha bow shock, with an apex at 10'' ahead of the moving pulsar. Its FUV luminosity, L(1250-2000 A) ~ 5x10^28 erg/s, exceeds the Halpha luminosity from the same area by a factor of 10. The FUV emission could be produced by the shocked ISM matter or, less likely, by relativistic pulsar wind electrons confined by strong magnetic field fluctuations in the bow shock. In addition, in the FUV images we found a puzzling extended (~3'' in size) structure overlapping with the limb of the bow shock. If related to the bow shock, it could be produced by an inhomogeneity in the ambient medium or an instability in the bow shock. We also report on a previously undetected X-ray emission extending for about 5'' ahead of the pulsar, possibly a pulsar wind nebula created by shocked pulsar wind, with a luminosity L(0.5-8 keV) ~ 3x10^28 erg/s.


The United States may be the most racially diverse and religiously pluralistic nation-state today. However, it is also arguably the most societally biased, one where many religious communities are frequently divided along distinct lines predicated upon race, color, ethnicity, and faith tradition. The sociohistorical displacement and dissemination of Islamic power away from indigenous African American Muslims to the newly disembarked post-1965 immigrant Muslims underscore the nascent religio-racial origins of how Islamic identity, membership, community, and consciousness within America has now become unusually conflated with race, culture, and ethnicity within our nation's social imaginary. That is, what it contextually means to be a Muslim in the United States has now become a highly contested, problematic, and racialized category within American Islam—a segregated Islamic reality and existence that is being renegotiated and challenged by modern-day Black Muslims dissatisfied with their oppressed, marginalized and subaltern condition as Muslim Americans within the umma.


This thesis contrasts vaccine innovation efforts in the cases of poliomyelitis and HIV/AIDS. It addresses the question of why some fields of human endeavour can be seen to yield positive change more quickly than others. The thesis develops a perspective that views innovation as a cumulative learning process. It employs the notion of a 'testing regime' to draw attention to the role of testing in driving this carefully managed learning process during the development of vaccines. Repeated testing, under conditions that are varied using instruments and skill, generates knowledge that is reliable and robust for technological purposes. Governance is needed to co-ordinate this process of testing to ensure the resulting knowledge growth is shared and cumulative. This lens is used to explore the creation of intermediate conditions, the development of instrumentalities, and the role of governance in vaccine innovation processes. The thesis uses the notion of 'social visions' to explore how attention directed to poliomyelitis contrasted with neglect and apathy afforded to AIDS in its early manifestations. Shared, rather than competing, visions are found to play a significant role in setting the vaccine innovation process in motion. However, the thesis finds that key pathogenic features of the virus and certain ethical and safety stances make learning and the accumulation of technological knowledge inherently difficult. Importantly, the thesis finds policy measures can mitigate or exacerbate these learning challenges considerably. Whilst greater market support and increased research funding tend to be positive contributions to vaccine development, this research shows they are only part of what is needed to take ideas through to innovation. The empirical evidence gathered in this thesis, when viewed through the testing regime lens, suggests that science and innovation are distinct activities but their inter-relationships can be enhanced with the development of an infrastructure focussed on nurturing skills, fostering the use of new techniques, encouraging the development of new instruments, and implementing governance measures to co-ordinate testing efforts and resources.


Decoupling theory is a theoretical approach put forward in the process of measuring the relationship between economic growth and substance consumption by international researchers in the western scholars.This study used the decoupling index to evaluate the economy growth and energy consumption in Gansu by appling historical data analysis and forecast the total energy consumption in 2020.Besides,we calculated the decoupling index of achieving the energy consumption target with the energy conservation plan.The results showed that nearly 20 years,the decoupling index of economic growth and energy consumption in Gansu Province took on decline trend because of industry structure adjusting,policy of macroscopical adjusting control and new energy development and utilization of the result of joint action.It is possible to have target of total energy consumption control in 2015,when decoupling index is less than 0.163.In accordance with this decoupling index,the total energy consumption in Gansu Province will be 186842100 tons in 2020.At the same time,to ensure economic growth and realize energy conservation planning objectives in Gansu province,Gansu province must continue to strive in the industrial structure,policy regulation and the development of new energy.


A set of rules, named CSDC (Conjunct Scope Determination Constraints), is suggested for attacking the conjunct scope problem, the major issue in the automatic processing of conjunctions which has been raising great difficulty for natural language processing systems. Grammars embodying the CSDC are incorporated into an existing ATN parser, and are tested successfully against a wide group of "and" conjunctive sentences, which are of three types, namely clausal coordination, phrasal coordination, and gapping. With phrasal coordination the structure with two NPs coordinated by "and" has been given most attention.It is hoped that an ATN parser capable of dealing with a large variety of conjunctions in an efficient way will finally emerge from the present work.


Urea derivatives have occupied a pivotal position in pesticide chemistry due to their significant activities,including herbicidal activities,antimicrobial and so on.And N-nitro substituted anilines also displayed herbicidal properties.So we proposed that urea derivatives bearing a new group nitro in the NH—CO—NH bridge should display some interesting fungicidal activities.The preliminary bioassays indicated that N-nitro urea derivatives possess good activity against A.retroflexus L and S.sudanenses.To design the highly active title compounds,comparative molecular field analysis(CoMFA) was applied to the study of the three-dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship(3D-QSAR) on 38 N-nitro urea derivatives.The reasonable models with predictive ability were obtained from the investigation(A.retroflexus L:q2=0.674,r2=1.000,R2pred=0.9989;S.sudanenses:q2=0.635,r2=1.000,R2pred=0.9958).The steric and electronic contour maps show that bulky and electropositive groups linked to 2-,5-position of N'-phenyl ring,electronegetive groups to 3-position,small and electronegetive groups to 4-,6-position may increase the herbicidal activity against A.retroflexus L,and also bulky and electronegetive groups to 2-position,small and electronegetive groups to 3-position,bulky and electropositive groups to 4-position,bulky groups to 5-position may increase the activity against S.sudanenses.


This paper argues the charisma of a religious leader from Kudus, Central Java Indonesia. As a kyai, he did not only inspire his followers, but also influence them. He was Kyai Haji Arwani Amin, the founder of Yanbu'ul Quran, the biggest pesantren for quranic memorisation in Kudus, and the founder and a mursyid of Tarikat Naqsyabandiah Khalidiah as well. It covers his biography, work and teaching. The perspective of leadership theory is included. Leadership at boarding school is strongly influenced by the type of charismatic leadership. A boarding school kyai as a leader is always synonymous with the type of charismatic leadership. People of the institution also have a very high loyalty to leader. With this type of leadership, boarding school was never abandoned by the people. It has been rarely found that the Islamic boarding school closed down due to lack of its students.


Remarks on the distribution of 23 dermestid beetles are provided. Three new records for Kyrgyzstan are given: Dermestes dimidiatus, Anthrenus dsungaricus and Globicornis quadriguttatus.


The tropical and subtropical areas of Yunnan are rich in wild vegetable resources.There are about 300 species.Most wild vegetables feature high nutrients,distinct interspecies variations and long collecting periods.Yunnan has a long history of exploiting wild vegetables.But the exploitation is on a small scale and facing some problems,for example,resources are not effectively protected and reasonably utilized.Therefore,the traditional concepts shall be conformed and the researches on the wild vegetables cultivation,exploitation and utilization shall be strengthened to protect and exploit wild vegetable resources reasonably,turning resource advantage into economic one and creating sustainable and good economic profits.


Congenital heart disease (CHD), the lethal congenital anomaly in newborns, is multifactorial, with environmental and genetic factors contributing to its occurrence. Although some studies on the prevalence of CHD have been conducted throughout the country, this large‐scale study aims to provide information on the prevalence of various types of CHDs in newborns according to the echocardiography findings.


This paper situates a ten-year period of political upheaval in addressing the problem of Single Room Occupancy (SRO) housing in Vancouver, Canada, within an epistemic transformation of public health. Until 1970, the Vancouver Health Department exemplified a colonial history of public health in establishing the city's skid road as a cordon sanitaire. But the 1970s saw a sudden fading of the Department's authority just as a more collaborative approach to housing policy was emerging. The sunsetting of sanitary enforcement was driven in part by the arrival of a "new public health" that became primarily concerned with defining public health problems and solutions through the regulation of racialized bodies and behaviors—a cordon thérapeutique. By the 1980s, this shift constituted an epistemic and regulatory abandonment of SRO housing, leading to the accelerated deterioration of the entire housing stock and costing incalculable human suffering and the loss of lives.


The stiffness in the axial direction a preloaded ball screw constructed from a double nut is calculated considering the elastic deformation of the screw shaft, the nut itself, and the screw thread, in addition to deformation due to Hertzian contact. The basic equations derived here could be applied in many cases to preloading methods and the various states of an externally applied load. Moreover, the calculation can be carried out both for single and double circuit nuts. The calculated stiffness is low compared with the one obtained when Hertzian contact alone is considered. The difference between the two calculated values becomes large as the spacing disc rigidity increases. The externally applied load which releases a preload decreases at a higher rigidity of the spacing disc than the one calculated according to Hertzian contact. The calculated values of both the stiffness and the releasing load approximately agree with the experimental results.


Antimicrobials are used in animals and humans the target site may be due to impermeability of the to treat and prevent microbial infections. The use of bacterial cell membrane that will prevent influx of the these drugs combined with improvement in sanitation, drug. Hydrophilic antibiotics are transported across the housing and nutrition and advent of widespread cell membrane via aqueous channels or pores made immunisation programmes have led to a dramatic drop up of specific proteins called "porins". Some bacteria in death from diseases that were previously are deficient in these channels and hence resistant to widespread, untreatable and frequently fatal. these antimicrobial agents. The transport mechanism Indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, the emergence of certain drugs are energy dependent and hence do and spread of antimicrobial resistance is now not operate in an anaerobic environment. After threatening to undermine our ability to treat infectious reaching the target it must exert its action, which is diseases and save lives. either death or arrest the growth of the microorganism. Antimicrobial resistance is a natural phenomena. Methods of acquiring resistance by the microbes It is difficult to predict how quickly resistance will Microbes acquire resistance which can be develop as it depends on the type of antibiotic, type of transferred to generation to generation or to the same bacteria, level of exposure to the antibiotic and ability of generation mainly by four methods viz. mutation, the resistant bacteria to survive and replicate. The conjugation, transduction, and transformation. antimicrobial drug resistance is exacerbated by several Mutation is the stable and heritable genetic change that factors including abuse, under use or misuse of occurs spontaneously and randomly among antimicrobials, poor patient compliance and poor quality microorganism. It is not induced antimicrobial agents. of drug. Antimicrobial resistance makes it harder to Conjugation occurs through sexual contact by eliminate infection from the body. Hence it is essential to formation of a bridge or sex pilus. It is the most common learn about the potential danger of antibiotic resistance. mechanism among gram negative bacilli. This method


In today's nanoscale regime, new electronics technology such as smartphones, sensors, and personal healthcare devices has been increased and thus requires emerging developments in terms of flexible and sustainable energy storage devices as power sources. Indeed, the power and the energy densities should be safe, reliable, low-cost, and eco-friendly within the highly integrated systems in the human body. Therefore, the use of biomass wastes to ensure the ecological and cost-effective aspect presents an alternative strategy in the field of electrochemical energy storage. In this context, activated carbon derived from coffee wastes, was used as an active material for the elaboration of high performances textile-based Electric Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC). A quasi-solid-state electrolyte has been integrated to guarantee the flexibility and light weight criteria, as well as high operating potential (2V) which allows reaching high energy densities. The textile-based device was characterized and modeled using equivalent electrical circuits. The as prepared supercapacitor exhibits a specific capacitance of 80 mF/g, an energy and power densities of 5.36 mWh/Kg and 4.87 W/Kg respectively. This process followed the choice of cost-effective materials such as activated carbon from biomass precursor and polyvinyl alcohol would make it particularly viable for such daily and industrial applications in large-scale production to store clean, reliable, and modern energies at an affordable cost.


Bufferlayer and caplayer engineering strategies are getting progressively important for improving crucial properties of EUVL multilayer optics and EUV reflection masks. While bufferlayers modifying the contact between the reflecting interference multilayer and the superpolished substrate aim for a partial smoothing of the residual substrate roughness or for a mitigation of local substrate defects as well as for multilayer film stress relaxation, surface caplayers are capable to enhance the multilayer reflectivity of EUV mirrors and masks. We present experimental results on various bufferlayer systems (singlelayer and multilayer) applied to different substrate materials (ULE, Zerodur, silicon). The bufferlayers have been deposited by e-beam evaporation and ion-polishing techniques at UHV conditions and substrates with and without bufferlayer have been coated with standard Mo/Si multilayers (50 doublelayers, d-spacing 6.8 nm) in the same deposition run. The samples have been analyzed exsitu by means of AFM, TEM, X-ray scattering and reflection and normal-incidence EUV reflectance measurements. We have found significant improvement (+ 0.7 %) of the Mo/Si multilayer EUV reflectivity for some bufferlayer systems applied to substrates with 0.2 - 0.3 nm r.m.s. high spatial frequency roughness (HSFR), while no effect was found on superpolished substrates exhibiting 0.1 nm r.m.s HSFR. The effect of caplayer modification applied to Mo/Si multilayers has been examined regarding EUV reflectivity. The native siliconoxide layer on top of the Mo/Si multilayer coatings has been replaced by an ultrathin (2 nm) chemically inert caplayer. We have found a 1 % - 1.5 % improvement in EUV peak reflectance for one cap material applied to several Mo/Si multilayer in comparison to a native siliconoxide cap.


Complexes of zinc with picolinic and aspartic acids inhibit key steps of HSV-1 replication affecting different virus-specific targets. As was recently demonstrated by us, the pavine alkaloid (-)-thalimonine irreversibly inhibits HSV-1 infection in cultured cells. The aim of the present study was the evaluation of the combined effect of zinc complexes and (-)-thalimonine on uninfected and HSV-1 infected cells. The data obtained have shown that zinc complexes and the alkaloid exert decreased cytotoxicity (antagonistic effect) and significantly increased anti-HSV-1 activity (synergistic effect) when applied in dual chess-board combinations as compared to the individual effects of compounds tested. These combinations are also effective against the infection caused by a resistant to acyclovir (ACV) HSV-1 mutant and the effect has been recognised as synergistic.


As thousands of students move between properties or away from Leeds each summer, mass amounts of rubbish cause an unsightly mess on the streets surrounding the universities.


This paper introduce surface modification method of calcium carbonate mineral and its application in oil production.Sand-consolidating agent is developed by the introduction of 1053 resin to the surface of CaCO 3 and CaO.Evaluating tests show that it has highly compressive strength of their consolidating material with 5.7MPa at 300℃ in 144h and good permeability.


Variable angle of incidence spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) was used to determine the thickness, alloy composition, and growth quality of multilayer samples. These samples contained a single quantum well grown on a GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice. The superlattice layers were modeled as a bulk Al GaAs layer of unknown composition and thickness. A data fitting procedure allowed the variation of five layer thicknesses and two alloy compositions in a regression analysis. Extremely good data fits of the ellipsometric parameters * and A were realized in the 1.55 to 3.54 eV spectral range. Computer generations of the ellipsometric parameters were performed, and were compared with experimental results. The e-hh(1), e-lh (1), and e-hh(2) exciton transitions were observed in the VASE data measured at room temperature. VASE has thus provided a nondestructive and highly effective technique for characterizing intricate multilayered structures.


A patented double crank ring-plate-type cycloid drive is introduced in this paper. The new drive requires no output unit and places no limit on the size of the tumbler bearing. The drive is able to transfer larger torque than a typical existing planetary cycloid drive. The newly designed double crank ring-plate cycloid drive preserves the standard advantages of planetary pin-cycloid drives. Its working principles, advantages and design issues are discussed. Promising results from prototype testing are presented.


Objective
To observe the clinical effect of lansoprazole enteric-coated tablets combined with flupentixol and melitracen in the treatment of erosive gastritis with anxiety.

Methods
Eighty patients with erosive gastritis complicated with anxiety were selected, and they were randomly divided into control group(n=40) and observation group(n=40) according to the digital table.The control group was treated with lansoprazole enteric-coated tablets.The observation group received lansoprazole enteric-coated tablets combined with flupentixol and melitracen.Hamming anxiety scale(HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) were used to evaluate in the two groups before and after treatment.The changes of HAMA and HAMD scores were compared between the two groups.

Results
Before treatment, the scores of abdominal pain, bloating, pantothenic acid and belching had no statistically significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). After treatment for 4 weeks, the scores of abdominal pain, bloating, pantothenic acid and belching in the observation group were (0.63±0.12)points, (0.43±0.11)points, (0.30±0.11)points and (0.31±0.14)points, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group [(1.42±0.18)points, (1.08±0.15)points, (0.79±0.16)points, (0.98±0.25)points] (t=15.396, 13.285, 16.758, 17.492, all P 0.05).

Conclusion
Lansoprazole enteric-coated tablets combined with flupentixol and melitracen in the treatment of erosive gastritis with anxiety can relieve anxiety and depression, improve clinical symptoms and treatment effect.

Key words:
Lansoprazole; Flupentixol melitracen; Gastritis; Anxiety


The post1968 'normalisation' of Czechoslovakia was also a period of reestablishment of tight party and state control over all spheres of cultural life. Historiography became one of the first victims. While official historiography reverted to a highly ideological orthodoxy, an independent historiography, faithful to the libertarian spirit of 1968 (while moving far beyond the letter of the 1968 political legacy) developed its own attempt to 'treat the present as a problem of history' (Lukacs). Over the last decade historians have become perhaps the single most persecuted category of the intelligentsia. Some of them, for example, J. Tesar and M. Huebl, spent several years in jail in the 1970s and as a 'professional' group historians are heavily represented within the Charter 77 movement. The prime reason why they became one of the first targets of the 'normalisation' was their crucial role in shaping the intellectual background to the Prague Spring and, more particularly, in investigating the causes and the mechanisms of the stalinist purges of the late 1940s and 1950s as well as striving for the rehabilitation of the victims of the show trials. Obviously, to show that the party leadership still in power had been responsible for the deaths and persecution of innocent people had immediate political repercussions. Thus, throughout the 1960s there developed a close relationship between historical revisionism, the judicial revision of the stalinist purge trials and political revisionism (an admittedly inadequate term to represent the broad coalition of forces pressing for a complete overhaul of the political system). The two first revisionisms (historical and judicial) helped to discredit the Novotny leadership, which resisted any kind of 'destalinisation' after 1956 while, by freeing the victims of the purges, they also contributed to the emergence of an alternative political leadership. The events of 1968 showed the considerable impact of this phenomenon, though the case of the present leader, Gustav Husak, also reveals its limits. Sentenced as a Slovak 'bourgeois nationalist' in the 1950s, he was freed in 1960 and rehabilitated in 1963 thanks to the help of historians such as Milan Huebl, who also helped his comeback into Czechoslovak politics. The historical irony was that Husak fulfilled his ambition only as the ruthless successor to Alexander Dubcek. He eventually sent his friend Huebl to jail for five years. Huebl is today a signatory of the Charter 77 and one of the contributors to the historical samizdat. In 1975 historians attending the International Congress of Historians in San Francisco were presented with a small brochure entitled Acta Persecutionis listing the cases of 145 historians expelled from their research institutes during the massive purge that followed the Soviet invasion. In contrast the volume presented at a similar Congress last August in Bucharest was entitled Acta Creationis. Not that persecution had disappeared: in fact Vilem Precan, the editor of the volume, makes the depressing


Significance Deformation of the double helix is a ubiquitous feature of the protein–DNA interactions that regulate, replicate, repair, and pack DNA in cells. Understanding the energetics of DNA deformation is therefore of central importance. DNA is generally modeled as a linear elastic rod, but it has not been possible to test this directly by observing the nanometer-scale bending and twisting of the helix. Using an X-ray interferometry technique, we measured the structural fluctuations of a short B-form duplex. The results expose a potential nonlinearity of DNA elasticity and illustrate how to measure the structural ensemble of a freely diffusing macromolecule. Precisely measuring the ensemble of conformers that a macromolecule populates in solution is highly challenging. Thus, it has been difficult to confirm or falsify the predictions of nanometer-scale dynamical modeling. Here, we apply an X-ray interferometry technique to probe the solution structure and fluctuations of B-form DNA on a length scale comparable to a protein-binding site. We determine an extensive set of intrahelix distance distributions between pairs of probes placed at distinct points on the surface of the DNA duplex. The distributions of measured distances reveal the nature and extent of the thermally driven mechanical deformations of the helix. We describe these deformations in terms of elastic constants, as is common for DNA and other polymers. The average solution structure and microscopic elasticity measured by X-ray interferometry are in striking agreement with values derived from DNA–protein crystal structures and measured by force spectroscopy, with one exception. The observed microscopic torsional rigidity of DNA is much lower than is measured by single-molecule twisting experiments, suggesting that torsional rigidity increases when DNA is stretched. Looking forward, molecular-level interferometry can provide a general tool for characterizing solution-phase structural ensembles.


An analysis of the topography of the receptors of the plantar surface of the human foot showed that distinct receptor fields are present at points which are support points during walking. Their afferent representation can be traced in the sensory zone of the cortex and they overlap with the representations of other afferent systems: the vestibular and auditory [4-6]. These observations permit the belief that the receptive fields situated in the support zones of the plantar surfaces of the feet are actively involved in producing human ~osture and locomotion. Therefore, it Can be expected that the mechanical stimulation of these zones might partially compensate for the sensory insufficiency resulting from hypodynamia due to a disturbance in motor functions. According to the experimental data of [7], the greatest receptor activity is observed during vibrational action in a range of low frequencies and is of a rhythmic character of the same frequency. This phenomenon was termed "biomechanical resonance." Furthermore, it was established that a number of pathological changes occur in the organism after a sufficiently strong and prolonged vibration. But the use of brief and weak vibrational actions with the biomechanical resonance frequency can exert a positive stimulatory influence on a number of physiological functions that for various reasons are in a state of partial pathology. From the physiological point of view, the development of functional disturbances in the organism during the prolonged restriction of mobility is associated, in addition to other factors, with the reduced volume of information from afferent systems -- the mechanoreceptors of the plantar surface of the feet, which under normal Conditions are actively involved in regulating various bodily functions associated with the vertical position of man. �9 A similar state is observed in persons surviving a cerebral insult in which hypodynamia is due both to a disturbance of motor functions and a prolonged bed regimen. We performed the local vibrostimulation in the biomechanical resonance rhythm with action on the support sites maximally functional during walking of the plantar surface of both feet in 95 patients of 55-79 years of age surviving cerebral insult. There were 48 men and 47 women. Hemorrhagic insult was involved in 214 patients; in 71, ischemic insult with the localization of the focus in the beds of the right or left central cerebral arteries with a varving degree of expression of motor defect. All 95 patients received comprehensive rehabilitative therapy for the cerebral catastrophy. Vibrostimulation of the feet was used to treat 65 patients; 30 were placed :in the control group, which differed from the primary group only in the absence of vibrotherapy in conjunction with the drugs employed. We used a vibrostimulatory shoe developedlat the Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, operated at a frequency creating a biomechanicai resonance effect and simulating a walking rhythm (see Fig. i). A course of vibrothera~y consisted of I0 daily procedures conducted by a method we developed specially. The effectof vibrostimulation was evaluated on the basisof theresults from the clinical examination ofthe patientsusing electrocardiography, rheo-, and electroencephalography by the generally accepted method before


A new series of titanium(IV) and zirconium(IV) amides have been prepared from the reaction between M(NMe2)4 (M = Ti, Zr) and chiral ligands, (S)-2-(pyrrol-2-ylmethyleneamino)-2′-(dimethylamino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (4H), (R)-2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylamino)-2′-(dimethylamino)-6,6′-dimethyl-1,1′-biphenyl (6H), (S)-2-(diphenylphosphinoylamino)-2′-(dimethylamino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (7H), (R)-2-(diphenylphosphinoylamino)-2′-(dimethylamino)-6,6′-dimethyl-1,1′-biphenyl (8H), (S)-2-(mesitoylamino)-2′-(dimethylamino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (9H), (R)-2-(mesitoylamino)-2′-(dimethylamino)-6,6′-dimethyl-1,1′-biphenyl (10H), and (R)-5,5′6,6′7,7′8,8′-octahydro-2-(mesitoylamino)-2′-(dimethylamino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (11H), which are derived from (S)-2-amino-2′-(dimethylamino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (1), (R)-2-amino-2′-(dimethylamino)-6,6′-dimethyl-1,1′-biphenyl (2), or (R)-5,5′6,6′7,7′8,8′-octahydro-2-amino-2′-(dimethylamino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (3). Reaction of M(NMe2)4 with 2 equiv of 4H or 6H gives, after recrystallization from an n-hexane solution, ...


The development of the combustion mechanism for hydrogen (H2) and C1–C4 hydrocarbon fuels plays critical roles in many combustion systems. In the present work, a general framework to develop an efficient skeletal mechanism, which can maintain both accuracy of predicted combustion properties and chemical reality, has been established on the basis of the combination of the directed relation graph method for mechanism reduction and the element flux analysis method for reaction pathway analysis. Within the framework, a skeletal mechanism with 56 species and 428 reactions is developed from a detailed mechanism, including 111 species and 784 elementary reactions, for high-temperature combustion of H2, and C1–C4 hydrocarbons. Errors in the predicted combustion properties will be introduced via removing species from detailed mechanisms. Therefore, systematical error analysis is first performed for ignition over a wide range of conditions, including temperature, pressure, and equivalence ratio, to check the robust...


ORNL partnered with Cummins Inc to demonstrate the feasibility of using additive manufacturing techniques to deposit large volume of new material on cast iron in context of remanufacturing. Remanufacturing at Cummins Inc is carried out to repair any field damage and in some cases provide additional value by adding new features. Large volume deposition on difficult to weld materials is a challenging problem due to involved metallurgy. Phase-1 of this work evaluated the feasibility of using laser directed energy deposition technique to deposit new material layer by layer on cast iron engine blocks. During phase-1 deposits were made using Inconel-718, Nickel, Nr-Cr-B braze filler. Inconel 718 builds showed significant cracking in the heat-affected zone in the cast iron. Nickel was used to reduce the cracking, however the Ni builds did not wet the substrate sufficiently resulting in poor dimensional tolerance. In order to increase wetting the Ni was alloyed with the Ni-Cr-B braze. This however resulted in significant cracks in the build due to shrinkage stresses associated with multiple thermal cycling. Hence the equipment was modified to reduce the residual stresses in the builds and the cast iron block was pre heated using cartridge heaters. Inconel-718 alloyed with Ni was deposited on the engine block. The pre-heated deposits showed a reduced susceptibility to cracking. If awarded the phase-2 of the project would aim to develop process parameters to achieve a crack free deposit on engine block. Such remanufacturing strategy of engine components helps significantly reduce energy required and associated greenhouse gases emissions. cost the to the this


Since the end of the XVIIth century, with the arrival in Portugal of the gold from the Brazilian mines, the Lisbon Mint was charged to receive that gold and buy it from its legitimate owners and also to collect the 1% tax. The Mint's Historical Archive reflects these functions through several of its series of documents.


Indonesia is a country with a large amount of laterite soil and zeolite which could be found in an abundant amount in North Toraja. Zeolite is widely used for industrial purposes. Its pozzolanic behavior could also be used as soil stabilizing material. In this research, laterite soil was stabilized using varied refined zeolite percentage of 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20% activated by using waterglass with 2, 4 and 6% of soildry weight which then applied in road foundation layer model. California bearing ratio test results of the mixture increased significantly. CBR value increases corresponding with increasing zeolite and waterglass percentage and with increasing curing time. The highest CBR value obtained was 70.44% achieved by adding 20% zeolite and 6% waterglass with 28 days of curing time. Compared to the untreated soil CBR value of 18.70%, the CBR value increased by 376%. As in the model test, the value of modulus of subgrade reaction of stabilized laterite soil was 636.94 kNmG per mm and by using geogrid as reinforcement, it increased by 150% and reach a value of 955.41 kNmG per mm. This result showed that laterite soil stabilization using zeolite activated by waterglass could be properly used as a road foundation.


This paper is a response to Reece Jones' 'Categories, borders and boundaries' (2009) that aims to give an alternate proposal to rethink geographical categories and boundary studies. First, it examines the various meanings of the word 'category' as used in Jones' paper. We then stress the importance of the processes involved in constructing spatialized and unspatialized categories as a central issue for social sciences. Using different examples such as the city and the nation state, we finally argue that the triad of reification—naturalization—fetishization is a good tool to analyse the social construction of geographical categories and boundaries.


A macro-prudential policy maker can manage risks to financial stability only if currentand future risks can be reliably assessed. We propose a novel framework to assessfinancial system risk. Using a dynamic factor framework based on state-space methods, we model latent macro-financial and credit risk components for a large data setcomprising the U.S., the EU-27 area, and the rest of the world. Controlling for global,region-specific, and industry effects, we construct coincident measures ('thermometers')and forward looking indicators of financial distress and the likelihood of financial melt-down. We find that credit risk conditions can significantly and persistently de-couplefrom macro-financial fundamentals. Such decoupling can serve as an early warningsignal for macro-prudential policy.


Objective MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) is a tumor suppressor gene, which inhibits abnormal cell growth by regulating the expression of other genes. However, the role of miR-34a regulation sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in prostate cancer is not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the biological function and molecular mechanisms of miR-34a regulation SIRT1 in human prostate cancer PC-3 cell. Methods Fresh prostate tissues were obtained, and the miR-34a expression in prostate cancer tissues was measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). qPCR and Western blotting were performed to assess the over-expression of miR-34a regulated SIRT1 expression in PC-3 cells, and the cell growth was tested by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle. Results The miR-34a expression levels in prostate cancer tissues were significantly decreased as compared with adjacent normal prostate tissues (P<0.05). SIRT1 expression levels in PC-3 cells with over-expression of miR-34a were significantly lower than those in the negative control (P<0.05). The over-expression of miR-34a inhibited PC-3 cells growth and resulted in cells cycle arrest compared with the negative control (P<0.05). Conclusions In conclusion, miR-34a inhibits the human prostate cancer cell proliferation, in part, through downregulation of SIRT1 expression.


Reliable signals of social status are a seeming paradox. High social status often confers survival or reproductive advantages; therefore, we ask why low-ranked individuals do not display signals of high status, thus deceptively increasing their potential for survival or reproduction. Such deceptions would undermine the reliability of a signal. Therefore, to explain the meaningfulness of conventional signals of social status we must explain either why cheaters do not successfully invade a population of signalers or why cheaters are held at a low frequency. By definition, cheaters are individuals that communicate inaccurate information that is potentially beneficial to them (in this case about status) when they are capable of communicating more accurate information without undue costs. Including in this definition the capacity to communicate more accurate information distinguishes cheating from the transfer of misinformation through error or ignorance. This definition neither requires cheating to be a conscious act nor excludes this possibility. Signals of social status lie on a cost continuum; contributing costs include those of sending, generating, wearing, or transporting the indicator of status. Costly signs of status are difficult to mimic; consequently, the evolutionary stability of costly indicators of status is not perplexing (Zahavi, 1977). Some likely examples of costly signs of states are (1) the massive horns and antlers of artiodactyls (Geist, 1966a, 1966b), which are expensive to generate and to carry about; (2) the low pitch of toad calls (Bufo bufo), which cannot be mimicked because the low croaks of dominant individuals are physically dependent on having a big body (Davies and Halliday, 1978); and (3) the roaring of red deer (Cervus elaphus), which is expensive because roaring is exhausting (CluttonBrock and Albon, 1979). In contrast, the bib and crown coloration of winter Harris' sparrows (Zonotrichia querula) is a signal of low cost. Individuals with more black feathering on their bib and crown dominate those with less black feathering, and escalated contests over status or resources are rare (Rohwer, 1975, 1977). Because of its low cost and symbolic nature the Harris' sparrow signal seems easily faked; appropriately, Dawkins and Krebs (1978) call it a badge. In this paper we ask "How can badges of status be evolutionarily stable?" Investigating the evolutionary stability of a badge presupposes that color differences among individuals do signal dominance status. This view has been challenged by Baker and Fox (1978), Balph et al. (1979) and Shields (1977), but supported by Ketterson (1979a). For Harris' sparrows the status signaling hypothesis has been bolstered by data showing that variation in appearance within age and sex classes is significantly associated with status under certain resource distributions (Rohwer et al., unpubl.). Understanding how badges of status are evolutionarily stable (Maynard Smith, 1976) requires explaining why subordinates signal their low rank. To answer this question we have concentrated on answering a subsidiary question, namely, "Why should dominant and subordinate phenotypes coexist in the same flock?" This question is meaningful only when dominance status is measured by some characteristic of individuals that will apply from flock to flock. Traditionally dominance status has been defined as an individual's rank in the hierarchy of its own


Summary Insulin in a dose of 1 unit per kg was found to be variably effective in accelerating the rate of alcohol metabolism, the effect being striking in 2 dogs, much less in another. This is in accord with the variable results reported by Widmark.4 Half this dose was entirely ineffective in 2 dogs. The failure of Gregory and coworkers7 to demonstrate this accelerating action of insulin in adequate dosage must be due to the possibility that their 6 dogs fell, by chance, into the group of animals which does not show a striking acceleration with insulin.


Umform hashing or random probing is often used as a theoretical model of certain types of hashing schemes based on open addressmg, and, m pamcular, of double hashing. Earlier analyses of umform hashing are extended here to multlrecord buckets. Three different situations are analysed: initial loadmg assuming uniform access frequencies, frequency loading assuming nonuniform access frequencies, and the dynamic behavior when msertions and deletions occur. Stmple "closed" formulas cannot be found, but numerical results are readily computed. For larger bucket sizes the retrieval performance is signdicanfly better than that of linear probing and separate chaining Hence double hashing and similar techniques are competmve alternatives also for organizing externally stored files. Categories and Subject Descnptors. E.2 [Data Storage Representations]: hash-table representations; F.2.2 [Analysis of Algorithms and Problem Complexity]: Nonnumerical Algonthms and Problems--sorting and searching,, H 2 2 [Database Management]: Physical Design--access methods General Terms: Algorithms, Performance, Theory Ad&tional


Dawn Francis-Pester offers tips on buying and reading books in the language being studied and suggests fun ways to use them to meet MFL curriculum objectives.


It is a basic principle of literature that social networks allow their members to access new knowledge. The exchange and combination of knowledge that these networks provide is widely recognized as an antecedent of knowledge creation. By reviewing the main contributions of literature that link social networks to knowledge creation and innovation, we intend to explore how different types of networks, as well as the different dimensions of their social capital, influence innovative performance. An exhaustive coverage of prior literature has been carried out in order to locate all the relevant previous work. The analysis shows up the complex relationship between social networks' diverse facets and their members' capacity to create knowledge. The strategies defined for knowledge searching can condition which is the most appropriate type of network. In turn, the type of network can determine the most suitable structural and relational embeddedness. Hence, the decision to participate in social networks requires taking into consideration the different environments of these networks and also the singular aspects they present.


ABSTRACT Approximately 5,500 barrels of unleaded gasoline escaped from a ruptured pipeline in Bellingham, Washington on June 10, 1999. The majority of the product entered Whatcom Creek, with a flow of approximately 0.3 m3/s (10 cfs). The gasoline affected approximately 4.8 km (3 miles) of the creek. After a period of approximately 4 hours, the product contacted an ignition source. Twenty hours following the incident, a water-sampling program at 8 stations in Whatcom Creek and 12 stations in Bellingham Bay was implemented. Ultimately, nearly 400 water-column samples were analyzed for gasoline range hydrocarbons (GRHs), including BTEX compounds and MTBE. Samples were collected every 4 hours for the first 5 days, daily for the next 17 days, and 16 of the following 32 days. Initial maximum concentrations found in water samples were 20,800 ug/L GRH, 2,600 ug/L total xylenes, 1,300 ug/l toluene, 340 ug/L ethylbenzene, 110 ug/L benzene, and 6.9 ug/L MTBE. Product concentrations in the stream declined rapidly. Wi...


Method and apparatus are disclosed for the secure registration for A multicast broadcast multimedia system (MBMS). Random number is generated by the broadcast multicast service center (BM-SC), it is broadcast to the user equipment coverage area of the radio access network (RAN). User equipment memory module or smart card (UICC) is a function of the random number, a key selected from the set consisting of a public land mobile network key (PK) and broadcast access key (BAK), a radio access network key ( generates RAK), then a temporary registration key (RGK) and RAK, a service identification number, for example, be generated as a function of the user identification number such as P-TMSI, which is for authenticating a legitimate registration it may be extracted by the RAN to. .Field


Resume. Standardization occupies a leading position in the system of tools of quality management in health care. The urgency of counteracting the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses a task for health professionals to develop a standard of medical care.
The aim of the study. Development and implementation of a clinical route for a patient with acute respiratory syndrome, identified case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) for health care facilities.
Material and methods. The State Scientific Institution "Scientific and Practical Center for Preventive and Clinical Medicine" of the State Administration has formed a clinical route of the patient in accordance with current legislation of Ukraine and modern scientific literary sources on relevant issues of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)prevention.
Results. The patient's clinical route is presented on 127 pages, which includes the organization of provision of medical care, a description of outpatient activities, emergency care, hospital care, 29 appendices, 10 flowcharts, 11 instructions and registers.
Conclusions.The clinical route of a patient with acute respiratory syndrome, identified case of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a new clinical and organizational document that is clinical managementtoolthat manages updates in accordance with current scientific developments and underpins an integrated approach to healthcare.


Presents a router which is an O(n) computational complexity deterministic implementation of recent theoretical results. Theory shows that a net can have more than one minimum wiring length routing. An obvious application of the rules is in critical net routing where main objectives are minimization of the wiring length, and the number of vias. Those objectives are usually met by prerouting critical nets before other signal nets, which then find prerouted wires as obstacles in the channel. Multiplicity of available optimal routings translates into flexibility of obstacles. Partitioning of a multi terminal net into flexible and non-flexible subnets provides a kind of computer vision for obstacle flexibility. Router is implemented in five modules, basic interactive module, net partitioning module, automatic and interactive initial routers, and the modification router. Examples of applications are included.<<ETX>>


RABSTACT A mobile ad hoc network is a set of mobile nodes connected and communicating with each other without any centralized computing and physical infrastructure. Due to the lack of physical infrastructure, unpredictable resources centralized computing, mobility of the nodes and highly dynamic topology, the QoS provisioning is a challenging task in mobile Adhoc sensor networks. Energy conservation is a critical issue in wireless ad hoc networks since batteries are the only limited-life energy source to power the nodes. Communications are vital for effective management and execution of disaster response and recovery efforts emergency response personnel must be able to exchange information with each other from anywhere, at any time, to successfully fulfill their missions. The National Communications System (NCS) has initiated an effort to improve communication capabilities by first identifying the full range of communication requirements within the disaster area. The NCS has interviewed disaster response managers with experience in the most recent occurrences, to learn specific communication and information system requirements are most critical. A Disaster Area Architecture was designed to meet these requirements.The so-called emergency communications at the time of catastrophic disaster etc. is considered to use ad hoc network effectively. Therefore, it is important to configure emergency communications networks that offer required sufficient QoS in disaster conditions using ad hoc networks. We arrange information and communication required after a disaster from the viewpoint of time elapsed since the disaster. We propose a possible practical communication model for developing ad hoc network configuration technologies.


Paid work is generally accepted as an important dimension of hegemonic masculinities and men's identities, which can become heightened when they become fathers. Changes in global economies together with educational shifts and other demographic patterns mean that paid work has become a significant feature of many women's lives too. Increasingly across Europe women who are mothers combine caring, domestic chores, and paid work. Using data from a qualitative longitudinal study on women's experiences of transition to first-time motherhood in the UK, this paper will explore how women narrate and reconcile their decisions either to return to paid work or not to, following the birth of their first child (Miller 2005). These findings are considered alongside a companion study on men's experiences of transition to first-time fatherhood (Miller 2011). The comparison shows that women articulate work and caring decisions in narratives which convey a sense of 'guilt', whilst the men are able to talk more freely – and acceptably – about 'career progression' and the importance of work to their identity and their new family. Even though recent research points to some changes in men's involvement in caring and women's increased activities in the work-place, particular aspects of these arrangements remain seemingly impervious to change.

https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/file/97910356-2191-abcd-a312-0475b60492e1/1/Balancing work and care MILLER.2012.pdf


We are developing an ultrafast X-ray photoelectron diffraction by using soft X-ray FEL. On the way to the final goal, we have measured degree of alignment of iodobenzene molecules and I 3d photoelectrons from them.


Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) is a data-centric network.Users pose queries from a base station to the network to obtain the required data.One of design issues in WSNs is how to utilize multiple queries optimization to reduce energy consumption of sensor nodes and thus lifetime of the entire network can be prolonged.This paper proposes an Association Degree based Multiple Queries Optimization algorithm(ADMQO)in WSNs.In ADMQO,node chooses parent node by association degrees with its candidate parent nodes.As a result,nodes covered by the same set of queries are clustered into a group,so their values can be shared among multiple queries,and aggregate queries values can be efficiently merged in networks.These techniques can reduce the amount of transmission load in WSNs,thus extending the lifetime of wireless sensor networks.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can decrease the number of data transmitted,thus saving a lot of energy in the sensor nodes.


We propose and analyze a method to detect and characterize the drift of a nonstationary quantum source. It generalizes a standard measurement for detecting phase diffusion of laser fields to quantum systems of arbitrary Hilbert space dimension, qubits in particular. We distinguish diffusive and systematic drifts, and examine how quickly one can determine that a source is drifting. We show that for single-photon wave packets our measurement is implemented by the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect.


Bantul Regency in Special Region of Yogyakarta, which consists of 17 sub-districts, is an area that continues to grow and has increased population activities. In 2014, 16 sub-districts had been contaminated by air quality. To find out things that can affect air pollution in the area, this study conduct spatial model. This method is used as an alternative of OLS a method that does not meet assumptions when used in the case of spatial data. The reason for using spatial model is because there is an autocorrelation in air quality among sub-districts. By OLS regression model, a significant factor influencing is the number of villages according to the type of transportation infrastructure. However, this model does not pay attention to the geographical location factor and the residual assumption that normal distribution is not met. The results of spatial model is Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) have a good performance because have a small AIC than SAR. In SDM, the variables that significant effect on air pollution were population density, transportation infrastructure, lag of population density, lag of transportation infrastructure, and lag of air pollution. Sub district will have high of air pollutan if have high of population density and transportation infrastructure, also close to other sub districts which also have high population density and transportation infrastructure.


Migone (1913) reported a case of visceral leishmaniasis from Paraguay, in an Italian who came to Brazil in 1899. In February 1911 the patient became ill with chills, fever, diarrhea and lassitude and was treated with quinine. In May he went to Asuncion, where he was found to be suffering from loss of strength and weight, anemia, leukopenia, spots on the face, back and hands, spleno-hepatomegaly, potbelly, coated tongue, and epistaxis. Leishmania donovani was found in blood smears. He was treated with 0.6 gm salvarsan but died a month later with a severe attack of diarrhea. It is very likely that this patient acquired the infection in Brazil because he became sick twenty years after leaving Italy. Mazza and Arias (1926) reported autochthonous infantile kala-azar in Salta, Argentina, while Chagas and Romafia (1937) found cases in Chago, Argentina. Penna (1934) reported that the Viscerotomy Service of the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation on Yellow Fever cooperating with the National Department of Health of Brazil between March 1932 and July 1936 found 85 specimens of liver containing leishmania bodies morphologically identical with those of Leishmania donovani. These cases were in the states of Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Cear/a, Piauhy and Para. Gatti, Boggino and Prieto (1939) reported an adult Paraguayan who developed kala-azar in Bolivia. Martinez and Pons (1941) described the first case of an adult with kala-azar in Venezuela. Later, Patenza and Andeze (1942) examined 842 liver specimens removed by viscerotomy and found a child infected with Leishmania. Cases have been found in persons between the ages of 45 days and 56 years, of whom 53.1 per cent were under 6 years, 17.4 per cent between 6 and 10 years and 29.5 per cent over 10 years of age. No evidence of epidemic incidence of the infection was found in any focus, but the disease occurs endemically and is apparently a jungle infection. The mortality was 1.8 per cent in the Amazon Valley and 0.4 per cent in the Northeastern section of Brazil. Clinically, the evolution of the disease is very similar to that of Indian and Mediterranean kala-azar. The onset is variable, with progressive anemia, emaciation, leukopenia, monocytosis, spleno-hepatomegaly, and hemorrhagic manifestations. Death in acute cases takes place in one to three months and in chronic cases in 8 to 15 months. The parasites are easily detected in blood and by spleen and liver puncture. Cultivation on N.N.N. medium gives rise to leptomonad forms. Treatment with antimony preparations has proven specific (Chagas, 1936). The report of the American Kala-Azar Commission (Chagas et al, 1938) deals with eight cases in the state of Para in 1937, seven of which were children. Of 1,446 animals examined, seven dogs and a cat were found infected.


Abstract We study the existence and uniqueness of a bounded weak solution for a triply nonlinear thermistor problem in Sobolev spaces. Furthermore, we prove the existence of an absorbing set and, consequently, the universal attractor.


The purposes of this study are to explore the travel costs incurred by visitors to Bukit Sakura, the factors that affect the number of tourist visits to Bukit Sakura, the economic value of Bukit Sakura and the impact of Bukit Sakura on the people's economy. The research location was chosen deliberately in Bukit Sakura Nature Tourism. Data collection was carried out in March-July 2020. The method used in this study was a case study with 76 visitor respondents, 15 worker respondents and 8 business unit respondents. The data analysis methods used are travel cost analysis, Poisson regression analysis, economic value calculation, and Keynesian multiplier effect. Travel expenses incurred by visitors to Bukit Sakura tourism are IDR 88,805 per person per visit. The factors that influence the number of visits to Bukit Sakura are the age and cost of the trip. The economic value of Bukit Sakura based on the travel cost method is IDR 13,111,054,718.63. The Income Multiplier Keynesian value is 0.45 while the Income Multiplier Ratio Type 1 value is 2.68 and the value obtained from Income Multiplier Ratio Type 2 is 5.18. The Income Multiplier Keynesian value of 0.45 indicates that Bukit Sakura tourism still has a low economic impact.Key words: economic impacts, economic value, number of visits, and travel costs.


Abstract The family Pamphagidae, within Orthoptera, is very diverse with regards to its sound production mechanisms. Its genus Acinipe, a Mediterranean element, is composed of several species with a quite restricted distribution, but there is limited knowledge on their sound production. Acinipe segurensis (Bolívar, 1908) is an endemic species from the Mediterranean area of the Iberian Peninsula, and there is no information on its sound production. The sounds produced by this species have been recorded and studied at the time and frequency domains, allowing their description for the first time. The sound is composed of echemes of single or double syllables, emitted by females when isolated from males. Both tegmina and wings are involved in the sound production through a ridge located at the basal third of the tegminal inner face and the costal vein of the wing. The sound and sound production mechanism are discussed in relation to data available from other Pamphagidae species. The results of the present study illustrate the interest in studying sound production in this family, which has secondarily adapted some structures for its function, causing diversity in both sounds and sound production mechanisms.


The reagent 4-Hydroxy benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (4-HBTS) has been synthesized and characterized and its analytical applications were investigated. The reagent 4-HBTS reacts with aqueous solution of Bi(III) ion in the pH range of 5.5-6.5 at room temperature and forms a green coloured 1:2 [Bi(II):4-HBTS] complex with stability constant 2.04x10 11 . The complex has maximum absorption at 356 nm. The molar absorptivity and sandell's sensitivity for the coloured solution are found to be 1.3X10 4 M -1 cm -1 and 0.016075 µg cm -2 respectively. Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 0.835-8.359 µg/mL. The interference of various diverse ions has been studied. The procedure was successfully applied to the determination of bismuth in water, industrial waste water samples and also in different alloy samples.


A new cultivar of Bartlett pear 'Xiufeng' pears stored at 0±1℃ were taken to study the effects of 1-MCP on storage quality and antioxidant activity.The results showed that the 1-MCP treatment prolonged the storage of the pear to 14 weeks while the control was only 8 weeks.The basic quality physiological also indicated that 1-MCP significantly reduced ethylene production and the decrease of flesh hardness,and maintained high levels of total phenolics and flavonoids and antioxidant activity of pericarp.It was also showed that 1-MCP treatment decreased the contents of MDA and delayed the peak value of PPO.