The New Alchemy When in the I3th century Roger Bacon laid the foundations of our modern scientific method, the end of alchemy was in sight, although Bacon himself still believed in the existence of a philosopher's stone. Today a new alchemy appears, as biochemists seek a substance which will selectively destroy malignant cells in the human body, whilst leaving the host unscathed. For long the only treatment of malignant disease was wide surgical excision, an essential for success being the necessity for removing a margin of healthy tissue on every side of the tumour. The extensiveness of such operations has 'n late years been phenomenal, indeed their magnitude has been limited mainly by what the patient could stand, rather than by any lack of ingenuity or temerity on the part of the surgeon. The next landmark was Madame Curie's discovery of radium and the employment of its radiations to destroy malignant cells, for it was soon discovered that cells which were multiplying were more susceptible to these rays. The practical application of Roentgen's discovery soon followed and with the development of high voltage appara-, tus, greatly improved results were obtained. Now we have entered a new era with a science of chemotherapy for malignant disease. This new science has so far followed three main paths. The first is an endocrine one, in which actual hormones present in the body, or their synthetic derivatives are used to inhibit the growth of tumours, either by affecting the cells themselves or by antagonizing some other hormone which favours their development. The second line of attack has been the elaboration of toxic substances which are inimical to the growth of the neoplasm, whilst having only a minimal effect on the host's tissues. Finally, the third approach has been the employment of drugs which have a selective affinity for certain tissues in the body. These drugs have then been made radio-active and have thus exerted their maximum effect in those tissues which require irradiation.


Non-technical summary In this paper we discuss current challenges to the sustainability concept. This article focuses on seven dimensions of the concept. These dimensions are crucial for understanding sustainability. Even today, the literature contains basic misunderstandings about these seven dimensions. This article sketches such fallacies in the context of global and planetary sustainability. The sustainability concept has been criticized as a content-empty 'fuzzy notion' or non-committal 'all-purpose glue'. This article thus has a critical intention of reflecting the sustainability concept accurately. The aim is to contribute a better understanding of the concept. Technical summary This paper focuses on questions related to the normative content of sustainability. Even today, the literature contains basic misunderstandings about this content. So, this article sketches seven such fallacies in the context of global and planetary sustainability. They are partly to blame for the recent discourse about the environment and development ending up in a cul-de-sac, discrediting the term sustainability. This article thus has a critical intention of reflecting the sustainability concept accurately by discussing current challenges. The aim is to contribute a better understanding of the normative aspects of sustainability. By presenting a differentiated analysis of its content the article will provide a reflected version of the sustainability concept, characterized by the following dimensions: (1) ecological: reflection on the conditions and consequences of human activities; (2) political: sustainability as a cross-sectional political guideline; (3) ethical: intergenerational and global responsibility; (4) socio-economic: operationalizing the principle of sustainability; (5) democratic: pluralism, participation and democratic innovation; (6) cultural: lifestyle and a new model of wealth; (7) theological: belief in creation and sustainability. We do not want to offer limited definitions, but rather to stimulate a debate about rehabilitating the sustainability concept. Therefore, these dimensions are crucial for understanding sustainability.


An automotive electric power steering synchronous machine has been optimized for operation with a multi-functional converter. The multi-functional converter system integrates an inverter to drive the motor and a front-end boost converter to increase the dc-link voltage. The integration leads to new requirements for the machine due to dc currents and increased high-frequency ripple currents in the motor windings. In this paper the high-frequency ripple currents of a synchronous machine with multi-functional converter are investigated and three winding arrangements are analyzed and compared to increase the leakage inductances and therefore to reduce the high-frequency ripple currents. The paper contains analyses of the high-frequency ripple currents with and without low frequency ac modulation and hence, when operated at high and low rotational speed. An interleaved switching scheme is implemented to reduce the high-frequency ripple currents and evaluated for the given application. Experimental results are in good correlation with theoretical predictions and demonstrate the reduction of the high-frequency phase and star-point ripple currents with the optimized winding arrangement.


In global models of tropospheric ozone and oxidized nitrogen, it is usually assumed that cloud-to-cloud discharges are 3 to 10 × less effective than cloud-to-ground discharges in producing nitrogen oxides (NO x ). This assumption is based on a limited number of observations and experiments regarding the acoustic and optical energy spectrum of lightning discharges. We claim that cloud-to-cloud and cloud-to-ground discharges dissipate similar amounts of energy and they may thereby be equally effective per discharge as NO x producers. Nevertheless, the mechanism of NO x production by electrical discharges still needs to be clarified, as well as whether there is a vertical differentiation in the production mechanism. We performed sensitivity studies with a global 3-D climatological tracer model (MOGUNTIA). The studies indicate that the simulated tropospheric distributions of oxidized nitrogen and ozone are sensitive to the vertical distribution of the lightning source assumed. Furthermore, it is shown that the strength of the global lightning source used in 3-D global model studies of oxidized nitrogen should be amplified by a factor of 2.6 if cloud-to-cloud discharges are equally effective as cloud-to-ground discharges in producing nitrogen oxides. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1996.t01-4-00003.x


: The world's large factories in all sectors consume a great deal of resources, either raw materials or energy, to develop their products. Saving resources can have a positive impact on the sustainable development of the planet. Automotive manufacturers are a clear example of how to save by investing resources in improving technologies and optimizing processes. This article focuses on one of the most common processes in the automotive sector: the stamping process. For the optimization of this process, previous simulations are usually carried out in order to define the optimal parameters and which should only be applied for a correct operation. The real circumstances of the plant show there is a large discrepancy between the parameters obtained by simulation and the real process because of the difference in material properties, lubrication, press operation, etc. The solution is that the operators must adjust the parameters a posteriori and the only criterion to follow is obtaining the right quality of the part. In many cases, the parameters are well above the ideal. This article presents some algorithms used in order to perform an in situ calibration of the stamping presses to find the press parameters that, guaranteeing the quality of the part, allow to adjust the energy consumption to the minimum. At the end of this article the experimental results from this in-situ calibration process and the energy savings are shown.


An important aspect of physical therapy is the prescription and implementation of exercise. The goals of exercise include improvement of impairments and disabilities identified during clinical evaluation. However, exercise as treatment can also be used to promote tissue adaptation and healing after injury. Tendinopathy provides a pertinent example of how changes in prescribed exercise treatment have resulted in improved clinical and functional outcomes. This month's issue of JOSPT includes a paper by Marc Stevens and Dr Chee-Wee Tan that questions this notion of having a one-size-fits-all eccentric exercise treatment protocol for patients with Achilles tendinopathy. We still have more questions than answers concerning the appropriate dose of exercise for tendinopathy. It is crucial for us as physical therapists to pursue these research questions so that we can better individualize the exercise treatment protocols. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(2):42–44. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.0103


We propose the prioritized binary countdown (PBC) scheme for effective quality of service (QoS) supports in mobile ad hoc networks. We evaluate the performance of PBC, IEEE 802.11,802.11e, and two extensions to 802.11e in terms of their differentiation capability, throughput, delay, discarding ratio, blocking rate, and collision rate. Our simulation results show that PBC has considerably higher throughput and smaller delay, dropping ratios, blocking rates, and collision rates as compared to CSMA/CA of IEEE 802.11. We also show that PBC have considerably stronger differentiation capability than IEEE 802.11e and its extensions in multihop ad hoc networking environments


2 Smith TF. Chlamydia. In Schmidt NJ, Emmons RW (eds.), Diagnostic procedures for viral, rickettsial and chlamydial infections, 6th Edn. Washington: American Public Health Association, 1989. 3 Thejls H, Gnarpe J, Gnarpe H, et al. Expanded gold standard in the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in a low prevalence population: diagnostic efficacy of tissue culture, direct immunofluorescence, enzyme immunoassay, PCR and serology. Genitourin Med 1994;70:300-3. 4 Lee HH, Chernesky MA, Schachter J, et al. Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis genito-urinary infection in women by ligase chain reaction assay of urine. Lancet 1995; 345:213-6. 5 Palmer HM, Gilroy CB, Thomas BJ, Hay PE, Gilchrist C, Taylor-Robinson D. Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by the polymerase chain reaction in swabs and urine from men with non-gonococcal urethritis. Clin Pathol 199 1;44:321-5. 6 Mahony JB, Luinstra KE, Sellors JE, Jang D, Chernesky MA. Confirmatory polymerase chain reaction testing for Chlamydia trachomatis in First-Void urine from asymptomatic and symptomatic men. Y Clin Microbiol 1992;30: 2241-5.


Complexes of 2-thioorotic acid have been prepared with La(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III) and Tb(III). Their probable structures have been postulated on the basis of their chemical analysis, magnetic moments and infrared spectra.


The aim of this work was to study of antioxidant capacity and the flavonoid content of Gynura calciphila using different extraction procedures. An environmental kindly technique, subcritical water extraction (SWE), was compared to the traditional extraction (ethanolic extract). The results revealed that quercetin, a plant-derived flavonoid, was found as a major component in both extraction procedures. The use of SWE provided higher quercetin content and antioxidant activity. Quercetin content by SWE and traditional extraction were 44.6 μg/ml and 35.1 μg/ml, respectively. The EC50 (effective concentration, 50%) of SWE and traditional extraction were 508 and 518 μg/ml, respectively. Additionally, potential factors affecting SWE (temperature, extraction time and material ratio) were investigated their influence and interaction on the antioxidant activity and the flavonoid content using full factorial design. Results from factorial design provided good model equations for the prediction of SWE condition on the antioxidant activity and the flavonoid content. The equations indicate that temperature is the most significant factor of SWE technique on the antioxidant activity and the flavonoid content. This work demonstrated the traditional time-consuming techniques for 12 hours of the extraction of flavonoids could be substituted for the SWE technique within 1 hour. Most of all, SWE is an alternative procedure for consumer safety.


Introduction. The submergence by underground water remains one of the problems in urban construction. It is also associated with the movement of groundwater under buildings and structures. Such processes are non-stationary and their calculation is complex. The paper begins the series of researches on the methodology for solving problems of filtering groundwater while protecting against flooding in urban construction by using an operator method. Oliver Heaviside began the practical application of mathematical operators for solving engineering problems. The operator method with Laplace transformations was used. It was shown how, with the help of the Internet and Maxima program, it is easy to make inverse Laplace transformations.Methods and materials. The author considered the decision on the submergence of the city road in the presence of a dome watering under asphalt pavement in the dirt road foundation. At the same time, for filtration problems of such type, the author took into account the compaction of the engineering zone of the soil under the road. The paper showed how to solve the complex non-stationary problem of spreading the dome of the flooding under the city road. The technology of the solution is presented not only with all the mathematical details of the operator method, but also provided with new physical representations. Such an original approach, by the author's opinion, would help better understanding of the flooding process physics in urban construction. Moreover, it would allow solving problems of protection against flooding by a new, more efficient way, taking into account the real non-stationary processes of filtration of groundwater in built-up areas.Discussion. As a result, the author presents anew statement of the operator method for solving the submergence specific problem in urban construction. First, a specific example demonstrates how to use the Internet and the license-free Maxima program. In this case, the simplest  case is taken, in the form of the electricity and filtration analogy. Then the author considers the filtration spreading of the domed man-made groundwater beneath the city road. Therefore, the paper demonstrates new solutions for non-stationary filtration of groundwater in the engineering zone, which are also compared with the world practice results.Conclusions. The author presents the methodology for solving unsteady groundwater filtration problems for the submergence protection in urban construction by using the operator method and Laplace transformations. Such decisions make it possible to obtain convenient engineering formulae, by which groundwater levels, substantiate practical solutions and measures for protection against submergence in urban construction could be found. The author intends to further development of such scientific ideas and solutions for submergence protection in the built-up areas.


ABSTRACT This study explored preservice teachers' attitudes and perceived efficacy for teaching in inclusive classrooms. The participants were 163 students in their second year of a Bachelor of Education degree at an Australian university. Attitudes and perceived teaching efficacy were measured using the Teachers' Attitudes Towards Inclusion Scale Adjusted (TAISA) and the Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practice scale (TEIP). Preservice teachers in the early childhood and primary teaching areas reported more positive attitudes towards inclusion than did those who were training to become secondary school teachers. Levels of perceived efficacy did not differ across the three teaching areas. Participants who had chosen a disability elective reported more positive attitudes, but not higher perceived efficacy. Those with better knowledge of disability legislation reported more positive attitudes and higher perceived efficacy than those who reported being less knowledgeable. Previous contact with a person with a disability was unrelated to attitudes and perceived efficacy. The findings highlight the importance of including core units in disability and inclusive education within all teacher training programmes.


Chinese agriculture scientech documentation database is an integrated abstract database. It contains more than 700 thousands data records. The inputting, publishing and inquiring automatic system for agriculture scientech information is developed based on this database. This system has the functions of data collection; processing (indexing), inquiring and data output in Internet, and the output file could be typeset for published. Therefore, the database building and data publishing can be integrated.


A control law for a rigid robotic manipulator optimizing quadratic cost functional composed of sliding surface and its derivative for fixed final time and free final state was proposed by Z. Ahmad (1995; 2000). Closed form solutions for such a control law corresponding to constant in time and specific diagonal time-varying weighting matrices are presented. These closed form solutions for the two point boundary value problem greatly reduce computational load and allow for real time implementation. Simulation results for a two degree of freedom manipulator are also provided.


Since the discovery of insulin in 1922, the outlook in diabetes has undergone a complete change, especially with regard to children. Joslin states that in pre-insulin days, few children lived for more than two years after the onset of the disease. Now, with the use of insulin, it is generally agreed that the prospects of life, and of a reasonably comfortable and useful existence, are greatlyenhanced. In the present paper, an analysis has been made of the results of treatment of patients admitted to the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill, since the institution of insulin therapy there in 1924. Since that date, 77 cases of the disease have come under


The paper presents the stochastic analysis of the transmitted power density (TPD) in a two-layered planar tissue model (skin+fat and skin+muscle), exposed to a plane wave incidence at 10, 30 and 90 GHz. Electric field, specific absorption rate (SAR) and TPD are computed analytically. Furthermore, tissues' permittivities and conductivities are modelled as uniformly distributed random variables. Uncertainty from the input parameter set is propagated to output electric field, SAR and TPD by means of stochastic collocation method. Stochastic mean and confidence intervals for output parameters are computed. Additionally, ANOVA sensitivity analysis is carried out thus evaluating the impact of the input parameters' variations on TPD confidence interval width.


Abstract When isolated, pups of muroid rodents emit ultrasonic vocalizations, an indication that they are stressed by being alone and exposed to cooling temperatures. Rate of vocalizations is greatest at the end of their 1st week and beginning of the 2nd week, declines in the 2nd week as eyes open and thermoregulation becomes fully established, and ceases in the 3rd week. Young of 1 vole species, the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), vocalize significantly more than those of other species, which has been attributed to the social structure of the species, because they have monogamous mating behavior and high level of biparental care. To determine whether this vocalizing behavior is typical of vole species with monogamous social systems, I examined calling behavior in another monogamous species with biparental care, the pine (or woodland) vole (M. pinetorum), and I compared it to that of a polygynous species that has only maternal care, the meadow vole (M. pennsylvanicus). Pups were isolated for 20 min at 22°C ± 2°C and the number of ultrasonic calls they emitted was monitored. Pine vole pups vocalized at high rates, similar to prairie voles, emitting a mean of 47 calls/min at the ages when calling was greatest (8–16 days). In contrast, meadow vole pups vocalized significantly less, emitting a mean of 9 calls/min at the age of greatest calling (5–9 days). Pine voles continued vocalizing to 23 days, like prairie voles but different from other vole species, including meadow voles, which cease calling earlier. I conclude that young voles of monogamous species, which are highly affiliative and have paternal as well as maternal care, respond to the stress of isolation more strongly than do other vole species and emit more ultrasonic vocalizations than species that are less social and have less parental care.


Most of us treat ourselves rather unkindly when bad things happen to us. Rather than offering ourselves the same sympathy and support we would give to a loved one, we tend to criticize ourselves ("What's the matter with you!"), we hide from others or ourselves in shame ("I'm worthless"), and we get stuck in our heads trying to make sense of what happened to us ("Why me?"). And when very bad things happen, we attack ourselves from two directions saying, for example, "I'm bad because I was abused" and "I was abused because I'm bad." If we do not numb ourselves through dissociation, we may try drugs, alcohol, or self-injury. And no matter how much we wish to get out of our heads and get on with our lives, we find ourselves locked in a struggle with intrusive memories, nightmares, and flashbacks. Such reactions make our suffering persist and even amplify it, but they're not our fault. They're how we're wired (Gilbert, 2009a). When we feel threatened by external danger, our survival often depends on our capacity to fight, flee, or freeze. But when we're threatened internally by intense emotions such as dread or shame, the fight–flight–freeze response turns into an unholy trinity of self-criticism, self-isolation, and self-absorption. Fortunately, we also have a hardwired capacity to respond to our own


Dwarf spheroidal galaxies are among the best environments that can be studied with Cherenkov telescopes for indirect searches of γ-ray signals coming from dark matter self-interaction (annihilation or decay), due to their proximity and negligible background emission. We present new determinations of the dark-matter amount – i.e. the astrophysical factors J and D – in dwarf-galaxy halos obtained through the MCMC Jeans analysis of their brightness and kinematic data. Such factors are of great importance to test the performances of the next-generation γ-ray instruments such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array in detecting dark-matter signals from astronomical environments, or constraining the limits to dark-matter physics parameters (particle mass and lifetime, annihilation cross section).


This thesis describes the synthesis of yttrium oxide nanoparticles in an AOT/isooctane reverse micelle solution. Two synthetic methods are compared. First is the precipitation reaction between yttrium nitrate and ammonia, second is the hydrolysis of yttrium isopropoxide. The effects of annealing of the resulting the yttrium oxide nanoparticles are also described. The nitrate method produced network-like aggregates of yttrium oxide nanoparticles ranging from 10 nm to 40 nm in diameter. Reaction conditions, including the water/AOT ratio (1 to 15), the nitrate concentration (0.02 M to 1.0 M), the ammonia concentration (2 M to 14.8 M), the AOT concentration (0.1 M and 0.5 M), the aging time (1 h to 5 d), and the washing method, were varied to investigate their influence on nanoparticle formation. The optimized synthetic conditions were: a water/AOT ratio of 7.5, [NO 3 ] = 0.5 M, [NH3] = 2 M, and [AOT] = 0.1 M. The as-prepared yttrium oxide nanoparticles had highly distorted structures related to the cubic Y2O3 phase. Annealing improved the crystallinity of the as-prepared nanoparticle products and led to larger particles. As annealing temperatures increased, the yttrium oxide nanoparticles gradually evolved into the cubic Y 2O3 phase. However, an unknown intermediate phase was also observed during the annealing process, which disappeared when the annealing temperature was sufficiently high and the annealing time was long enough (>1000 C and 4 h). As-prepared products from the isopropoxide hydrolysis also contained network-like nanoparticle aggregates. Particle sizes ranged from 10 nm to 20 nm. Some experimental conditions were varied; they were the water/AOT ratio (10 to 40), the isopropoxide concentration (0.0001 M to 0.003 M), the aqueous phase pH (7.0 and 12.0), the aging temperature (room temperature, approximately 25 C, and refluxing temperature, approximately, 100 C), and the aging time (1 h to 5 d). Transmission Electronic Micrographs showed that products of desirable morphology could be produced in a much wider range of experimental conditions by this method compared to those produced by nitrate hydrolysis.


This work on libraries, archives, and information services traces the emergence of Chinese libraries from ancient times until 1949, but concentrates on the post-revolutionary period, detailing the development of underground Communist librarianship and tracing the vicissitudes of libraries through the tumultuous forty year period until 1989. As a comparative study, the work provides considerable contextual information of cultural, historical, and ideological value, and as such, interprets Chinese practice for the Western reader. The bibliography itself is a comprehensive listing of over six hundred works in English. The book provides an especially valuable addition to material in the field of comparative and international studies in library, archives, and information studies, and provides unique insights into the dramatically emerging Chinese library renaissance.


Rho kinase plays a pivotal role in several cellular processes such as vasoregulation, making it a suitable target for the treatment of hypertension and related disorders. We discovered a new compound class of Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors containing a 7‐azaindole hinge‐binding scaffold tethered to an aminopyrimidine core. Herein we describe the structure–activity relationships elucidated through biochemical and functional assays. The introduction of suitable substituents at the 3‐position of the bicyclic moiety led to an increase in activity, which was required to design compounds with favorable pharmacokinetic profile. Azaindole 32 was identified as a highly selective and orally available ROCK inhibitor able to cause a sustained blood pressure reduction in vivo.


Visible/near-infrared spectroscopy(VNIRS) was used as a prominent technique for non-destructive fruit quality evaluation.In this research,the potential of using VNIRS was investigated for measuring total soluble solids(TSS) of Olinda sweet orange [Citrus sinensis(L)],and the relationship was established between non-destructive VNIRS measurement and TSS.Intact Olinda sweet orange fruit was measured by reflectance VNIR in 325 to 2500 nm range.The data set as the logarithms of the reflectance reciprocal [absorbance(log 1/R)] was analyzed by partial least square(PLS) regression in order to build the best prediction model for these characteristics,using several spectral pretreatments and multivariate calibration techniques.The best model for TSS prediction with r=0.994 and standard error of prediction(SEP) 0.075 worked well in 1447 to 1777 nm by Multiplicative Scatter Correction(MSC).Results suggested that the VNIRS technique was adaptable to the TSS determination of Olinda sweet orange.This non-destructive,fast and accurate technology could be used in citrus industry that would be beneficial to predict fruit maturity.


The special general partnership is a form of organization commonly adopted by China's large and medium-sized accounting firms.If the accounting firms with special general partnership want to become bigger and stronger so as to successfully realize their development by leaps and bounds,they must establish an appropriate security system of civil compensation,including an appropriate increase of the lower limit of the registered capital of the firms and raising the proportion of physical capital;establishing and improving the occupational risk fund and occupational insurance system;establishing the systems for firm assets retrieving and member guarantee;establishment of the system of moderate restrictions on the distribution of profits,etc..


The ever increasing growth of databases in the real time application is a major issue for the handling of large data. The data mining of the same is also a tedious task. The feature subset selection is a process for finding the irrelevant and redundant data and handling them. The proposed algorithm IFSSImproved Feature Subset Selection works in 2 major steps: 1. Find the irrelevant features and 2. Evaluate its fitness with Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). The Computation time taken to derive the results is taken to compare with different FSS algorithms.


In contemporary Sri Lanka, long-established modes of rural life are being disrupted in the name of progress. As this occurs, instances of "demonic possession" have been known to take place incidents that may both express the conflicts that result and attempt to resolve them. When residents of the village of Kukulewa were promised sixty new houses, a factional rift arose between those who benefited from the project and those who did not. The breach between what became in effect two separate villages resulted in both divisive accusations of sorcery and spirit-inspired appeals for cooperation. James Brow witnessed these possession trances and sorcery accusations as they occurred, enabling him to convey this richly textured story interweaving political factionalism and troubled spirits. Official projects of development have proceeded apace in Sri Lanka, but until now there have been few accounts of their tendency to tear apart the fabric of rural society. Demons and Development combines an engaging narrative of how development was experienced in one particular village with an original contribution to theories of hegemony, the social anthropology of South Asia, the ethnography of nationalism, and the sociology of development.


This article gives a detailed analysis of reasons why the artificial bilingual environment traditionally created in Russian higher educational institutions for student learning foreign languages does not provide the adequate level of foreign language skills, which would enable our graduates to continue their education abroad. The authors examine some disadvantages of foreign language learning process being guided by non-native speaker teachers of EFL and organized within traditional teacher-centered educational model. They also describe the practical experience of using student-centered teaching approach and modern information technologies for minimizing the drawbacks of acquiring foreign language outside natural language environment.


Cherry tomato's yield and quality in substrate culture that fermentation Caragana korshinskii Kom take the cultivation matrix with different nutrient solutions formulations were studied.The results showed that the inorganic nourishing treatment of cherry tomato were not only living the growing trend and the yield aspect surpass other nourishing treatment,the yield cultivate high 20.3%compared to the soil,compared to compares CK high 23.91%,moreover was advantageous in increase the content of Vitamin C and the soluble sugar in cherry tomato.


An object of the present invention is to optimize the cargo handling capacity of the bridge or gantry crane. The present invention relates to a crane carts which can be moved in the traveling direction of the cart along the crane support and a crane cart for supporting at least one mast can be moved in a vertical up and down direction, and a load support means for the containers that are suspended in the mast, to the bridge or gantry crane, in particular for handling the ISO container. To optimize the loading and unloading rate of the bridge or gantry crane, at least one second mast comprises a second load bearing means (17) (15), the first mast viewed in cart running direction (K) (14 behind), it proposes to place from it at a distance. .FIELD 1


Technological innovation in developing countries is inherently identified with the transfer of technology from the advanced country via trade, FDI and importation of capital and intermediate goods, machinery and other forms of embodied technology (ETC). This is due to low investments in in-house research and development (R&D) activities by local producers, hence, the need for technology transfer and spillover. This study contributes to existing knowledge by examining the empirical short-run and the long-run relationship between technological innovation and economic growth, a case study of Nigeria using the ARDL model on annual time series data spanning from 1980-2018. The f-bound cointegration test shows a long-run relationship among the variables at 5% significant level. Overall, is the results show a positive relationship between innovation in the form of technology transfer and spillover, and economic growth at 5% level of significance. Based on these findings, we propose that technological innovation should be encouraged; however, in-house innovation activities (R&D) should be encouraged due to its peculiarity to the economic structure of the country.


The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a structured object, in particular an optical element having a structure on an optically active non-flat surface, preferably objects method produced according to the structuring of a non-planar surface of an object, and comprising providing a base body, in particular with at least one non-planar surface, producing a structure, especially to the at least one non-planar surface of the article, with patterning a sacrificial layer, transferring the pattern of the sacrificial layer to a surface wherein the surface is not a surface of the base body, in particular a -Plane surface of the base body or a surface of at least one other body, which is mountable on the base body, wherein during the transfer of the structure of the sacrificial layer on the surface, the thickness of the sacrificial layer at least verminder t or changed and thereby the surface is structured.


The phenomenon of people removing their clothes whilst suffering from the effects of extreme cold is well recognized, but the references have been almost anecdotal (Gee, 1974). Victims of hypothermia have been found to have discarded their clothes just before becoming unconscious (Gormsen, 1972; Wedin et al., 1979). In all the cases described in the literature, the victims have always been adults. This paper concerns such a phenomenon occurring in a child.


Not just talk - the recurring theme of conversation in Watteau's art the age of conversation - France in the 17th and 18th centuries the conversational mode the artist as aristrocrat "L'Enseigne de Gersaint" and the conversational structure of the artistic sign.


Abstract Borders are particular (in-between) spaces: they have this side and the other side, which involve several real and imaginary spaces at the same time. For minorities, "beyond the borders" is also a specific space of language use. This paper discusses the correlations between minority bilingualism and social structure characteristics based on sociological surveys, taking as approach the sociology of space and John Ogbu's ecological cultural model of schooling. It aims to offer an overview of my research carried out on this topic and tries to provide some references for rethinking the sociological implications of minority education considering the experiences of three decades since the fall of communism in Romania. The main results of this research – in concordance with other findings of similar inquiries – show that a mother-tongue education for ethnic Hungarian children in Romania is a necessary but not sufficient condition for reducing the structural gap that Hungarians in Transylvania have inherited from the 20th century. This study is centred on the aspects of interrelation between the language of education and labour market, more specifically on those linked to the attitudes and patterns of behaviour towards the official language, with particular focus on the role that languages play in the society and, in a narrower sense, in self-positioning on the labour market.


T J L H E U N I Q U E P L A C E of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818) in the canon has much to do with what it has engendered. Widely a p p r o priated and transformed in popular culture, Shelley's tale of transgressive creation and vengeful destruction has also issued forth an unruly brood of high-culture interpretive and imaginative offspring. When discussions of feminism, nationalism, radicalism, and the family trace their lineage to the same parent-text as countless plays, political cartoons, novels, comic books, and films, the source takes on the aspect of an archetype.1 Indeed, the suggestiveness and adaptability of the Frankenstein story have caused it to be called "a metaphor for our own cultural crises" (Levine 3), a "modern myth" that has "imaginatively embraced some of the central and most pressing problems of modern history" (Baldick 1,5). One pressing historical problem and modern cultural crisis that Frankenstein's interpreters have largely overlooked, however, is that of British imperial slavery and its aftermath. Written at a time when the morality and economics of West Indian chattel slavery were long-standing subjects of anxious public debate, Frankenstein trades substantially in images and positions associated with that debate and with West Indian imperialism more generally. While it looks back to the anti-slavery discourses of its recent past, Frankenstein also reverberates through some later texts addressing the modern legacy of West Indian slavery and colonialism — primarily those of V. S. Naipaul. It does so almost imperceptibly, however. A tour through Naipaul's non-fiction unearths a handful of indirect allusions, and upon close inspection, his novella " A Flag on the Island" (1967) reveals its sustained parodic echoing of Shelley. If slavery and imperialism have hovered virtually unnoticed beyond


With the deepening of the power enterprise informatization,Oracle database is more and more in enterprise,the impact of database service interruption for business is also growing.This paper presents that the Oracle database monitoring system can replace the labors to collect various monitoring indicator information from the monitored database regularly,and store into the database of monitoring database server.Based on a large number of various monitoring indicator historical data,the monitored database running status is analyzed,to judge the operational status of the database and assess database performance and robustness,providing a scientific proof for database management and maintenance.


Introduction:
 Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of death despite effective therapies to lower serum cholesterol. To identify new mechanisms of disease for prevention and therapy, several recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of loci with statistically significant association with CAD (5x10^-8). In a recent large meta-analysis of 181,522 cases and over 1 million controls subjects, the CARDIOGRAM consortium identified a locus with genome-wide significant association with CAD in the chromosome 7p14.

 Methods and Results:
 We functionally interrogated the chromosome 7p14 GWAS association with a combination of population genetics and in vitro experimental methods. Statistical fine-mapping identified a lead variant in the locus, rs2107732, with a posterior probability of association 63.5%. This variant has a significant association with CAD of
 P
 = 1.53 x 10^-8). The minor allele is present in 9.2% of subjects, reduced risk of CAD (OR=0.92), and encodes a valine to isoleucine substitution in CCM2 at amino acid position 74 (V74I). To understand the importance of CCM2 and the coding mutation V74I in CAD, we first knocked-down CCM2 in immortalized human aortic endothelial cells (teloHAECs). KLF2, a critical athero-protective gene, was upregulated upon CCM2 knockdown. However, overexpressing wildtype CCM2 decreased the level of KLF2, and overexpressing CCM2 with the V74I mutation downregulated KLF2 to a comparable level. To circumvent the potential interference from the endogenous wildtype CCM2, we used CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair in teloHAECs and generated multiple clones carrying homozygous CCM2 V74I mutation. These clones will serve as useful tools to understand the mechanism by which CCM2 V74I mutation decreases the risk of CAD.

 Conclusions:
 We identified a missense mutation in CCM2 which is associated with a decreased risk of coronary artery disease. Functional analysis of CCM2 in arterial endothelial cells suggests that the protective effect is through upregulation of KLF2 expression.


The persuasive strategies in advertising often use gender-biased signs or languages, which represent women's subordination and domestication. On the other hand, the construction and development of individual gender concepts begin in childhood through the parents, peer groups, schools and mass media socialisation, including advertisements. Thus, how women, who act as wives and mothers, view and respond to female domestication will influence how they socialise gender concepts towards their children. This study examines how the mother of the student at Laboratory Primary School, Malang, view and address the representation of female domestication advertisements in  Nova and Nyata tabloids. This qualitative research was conducted in Malang City and using self-researcher as the primary research instrument. Data was collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and interview; then the data were analysed by qualitative analysis method of Miles & Huberman. This study found that the subjects viewed the tendency of using female models in advertising is reasonable and not a problem as long as fulfil specific criteria. The representation of women's domestication in the domestic sector in the advertisement is also considered reasonable because the representation is the nature of women and self-reflection of women themselves. However, the subjects disagree if the description of women is only as mother who were responsible for household chores. In addition, about the representation of women's domestication in the public sector in advertisements, the subjects stated that they agree if the ads depict the success of men in the public, however, the ads should also describe the involvement and success of women in the public sector and not only describe women as servants.


Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Genetic mutations have been linked to 5-10% of CRCs, with other environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors influencing development and progression of the cancer. As individual cancers exhibit unique mutation patterns, identification of the distinctive CRC profile is essential to develop more effective target therapies. In this study, we used Ion Torrent Ampliseq Cancer Panel to sequence 737 loci from 45 cancer-related genes to identify genetic mutations in 93 human colorectal cancer samples. Sequencing analysis revealed frequent missense mutations in APC (17.2%), FBXW7 (10.8%), KRAS (50.5%), PIK3CA (10.8%), and TP53 (23.7%) in CRC samples of various histologic types, and additional mutations were also detected in other genes (BRAF, CTNNB1, NRAS, and SMAD4) at lesser frequencies. We also found common combination mutations between KRAS and TP53 (12.9%), KRAS and APC (8.6%), and KRAS and PIK3CA (8.6%). Sequencing individual human cancers may be the key to developing more effective drugs to target individual, cancer-specific mutations. Identifying the complete mutation profile in CRCs for the application of personalized and tailored targeted therapy is critical for developing new cancer treatments. We believe a faster and cost effective genotyping tool such as Ion Torrent sequencing technology will be greatly beneficial for the assignment of such specific therapeutics for CRCs in the near future.


In order to compare some bread wheat cultivars against heat and drought tolerance stresses, two different experiments were done at Gachsaran Agricultural Research Station during, 2006-2007. In the first experiment, chlorophyll content was measured for 18 genotypes and in the second experiment, 5 genotypes desiccated with iodide potassium 0.4% at 10 days after anthesis. Both experiments laid out in complete randomized block design with 4 replications. Significant correlation between chlorophyll content and grain yield under heat and drought stresses can contribute to decrease of drought intensity damage due to reduction of chlorophyll content through light absorption. Stem reserves was obtained by comparing mean kernel weight under desiccation with mean kernel weight in the controls, for each tested genotype. Stem reserves, based on "Percent reduction in kernel weight", was from 15 to 36% in five cultivars. Meanwhile, there was high correlation between stem reserves with grain yield and plant height under dryland conditions. Hence, stem reserves is an important source of carbon for grain filling.


Aminosilanes were protected with benzyloxylcarbonyl succinimidyl ester (CBZ-SE) in solution, forming carbamates. Investigations of surface assemblies made of CBZ-protected aminosilanes were done using XPS, contact angle measurements, and an amine reactive fluorescent probe. Spontaneous loss of the protection group was observed and determined to be caused by the catalytic effect of silanols from both the surface and the assembling silanes. The use of CBZ-protected monoalkoxy, which require days to assemble, as opposed to di- and trialkoxy silanes which require only hours, mitigated the deprotection.


Abstract : This thesis polls veterans of war and active duty men and women about their attitudes toward the assignment of women to combat units. The question is extremely complex, involving a cross section of social and military factors. Two powerful social forces are in collision here: The push for women's equal rights is in conflict with deeply rooted traditions that question the propriety of women under arms. The fact that public politics support equal opportunity in principle is indisputable, virtually every published opinion poll taken on the subject confirms it. However, the extent to which people will accept equality in practice, including committing women to combat, is less clear; virtually no public opinion polls have been taken on the subject. Also at odds are the more practical issues related to national security: the budgetary advantages of recruiting more women are at variance with perceived risk to the U.S. national interest. It is clear, were women to constitute a larger proportion of the military establishment, that personnel quality (measured by educational level, general intelligence and aptitude) would improve.


Study Objective. To compare clinical and microbiologic outcomes in adults without cystic fibrosis who had Pseudomonas aeruginosa bronchial colonization and were receiving inhaled colistin or colistin plus tobramycin with those who were receiving inhaled tobramycin as outpatient treatment.


Authors preliminary describe position of migrants at regional labor markets: preservation of occupation in accepting region, employment and sphere of employment, way, place and duration of job search, legal employment, and right violations in the sphere of labor. The survey covered 843 of migrants in seven border regions of Russia. At present there no no absolute safe and comfort conditions for migrant's labor. Work in Russia often combined with lose of profession, 'lowering of the status of occupation', and lower salaries, correspondingly. The search for job for migrants is dominantly informal, and labor is discriminated.


Disc-shaped sample carrier (1) with means (2) is designed for carrying out at least one processing step on a sample, characterized in that a swab receptacle (3) for a sample-bearing swab (23) with a swab-insertion opening (7) and that means (5) for detaching the sample from the sampling instrument (4) are formed, wherein the means (5) for detaching a coupling means (6) for movement-fixed coupling of the sample carrier (1) to a drive, in particular for rotationally fixed coupling to a rotary drive ,, and wherein the swab-receiving means (3) in a in a flow direction (12) of the detached sample behind a swab-receiving end (8) of the swab receptacle (3) located chamber (13) opens and in the flow direction (12) behind the swab receptacle (3) a filter (14) is arranged so that fractions or other constituent of the swab (23), which have become loose during the detachment operation of the at least one processing sschritt are remotely tenable.


This study was conducted to increase our understanding of learners' perceptions about how the first "class" in an online course should be and to further understand how learners' experiences in the first class contribute to their sense of well-being and engagement in online courses. The study revealed that learners' sense of engagement with courses is more dependent on their connection with the learning materials than with instructors or colleagues, that learners are most comfortable with a generous amount of time to prepare in advance for courses, and that the role of instructors at the beginning of courses is very much a functional one. Instructors are judged on the clarity and completeness with which their course details are presented.


Let M = (A, <, P) where (A, <) is a linear ordering and P denotes a finite sequence of monadic predicates on A. We show that if A contains an interval of order type ω or -ω, and the monadic second-order theory of M is decidable, then there exists a non-trivial expansion M′ of M by a monadic predicate such that the monadic second-order theory of M′ is still decidable.


A floating –point fused add subtract unit is described that performs simultaneous floating –point add and subtract operations on a common Pair of single –precision data in about the same time That it takes to performs a single addition with a Conventional floating –point adder. Placed and routed in 45nm process. So that there will be less consumption of memory as well as power.


J.J.H. Klooster, 'Niemand en de eeuwige terugkeer' (essay/review of The Return of Ulysses, E. Hall; Hellenistic Collection, J. Lightfoot; The Lost books of the Odyssey, Z. Mason; winner of the ABG/VN essay prize 2012), Academische Boekengids 91, 1-3.


We present some results of laboratory experiments on the image transfer of small-size objects emitting a radiation in a pulsed mode. The experiments involved viewing such objects through a dispersion layer in the near-IR range. A four-tie mira has been used as a test-object. The spatiotemporal statistics of photocounts, signal-to-noise ratio, and the average image contrast were analyzed in the image plane of the optical imaging system used. Dependences of these parameters on the optical density of a scattering medium are found. The feasibility of recognizing the objects equivalent to the above mentioned mira is estimated for the maximum values of the medium optical thickness realized in the optical experiments conducted.


This paper examines the strategic implications for the future of real estate services (RES) in the UK and the US as a result of both a long-standing process of internationalisation in this sector and the more recent emergence of the first 'global' RES firms. Through a comparative analysis of the respective paths to internationalisation taken by RES in the UK and the US issues relating to the implications for the future structure, practices and professional ethos of RES are examined in terms of particular motivations for, and organisational approaches to, internationalisation. In addition, consideration is given to the importance of 'Britishness' versus 'Americanness' as internationally recognised signals of service quality, and the possibility that one particular professional standard may come to dominate over time.


Simple Summary The intestinal protist Blastocystis sp. is one of the most common intestinal parasites observed in humans, and has a worldwide distribution, being more prevalent in developing countries. Although this parasite has been described decades ago, the pathogenic potential it is still not understood completely. It has been suggested that Blastocystis sp. could be related with irritable bowel syndrome, a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, discomfort with defecation, and changes in the frequency or form of stool. In our study, we compare a group of patients with irritable bowel syndrome with a group of healthy volunteers; no differences regarding the occurrence of Blastocystis sp. detection was found between both groups. Abstract Background: The aim of the present study is to describe the occurrence of Blastocystis sp. detection among asymptomatic subjects and patients with irritable bowel syndrome in order to evaluate the potential association between irritable bowel syndrome and the parasitic infection. Methods: Cross-sectional study where adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome diagnosed according to Rome IV criteria were included. A control group was formed by asymptomatic subjects older than 18 years. Exclusion criteria were: immunosuppressive condition or having received any drug with demonstrated activity against Blastocystis sp. within the last 6 months before study inclusion. Epidemiological and clinical information was collected from all included participants. Two stool samples were obtained from all participants: one sample for microscopic examination and one sample for Blastocystis sp. PCR detection. Blastocystis sp. infection was defined by the positivity of any of the diagnostic techniques. Results: Seventy-two participants were included (36 asymptomatic subjects and 36 patients with irritable bowel syndrome). Thirty-five (48.6%) were men, and median age of participants was 34 (IQR 29–49) years. The overall rate of Blastocystis sp. carriage was 27.8% (20/72). The prevalence assessed through microscopic examination was 22.2% (16/72), while the prevalence measured by PCR was 15.3% (11/72). When comparing the presence of Blastocystis sp. between asymptomatic subjects and IBS patients, we did not find any statistically significant difference (36.1% vs. 19.4% respectively, p = 0.114). Conclusions: regarding the occurrence of Blastocystis sp., no differences were found between asymptomatic participants and patients with irritable bowel disease irrespective of the diagnostic technique performed.


A high‐pressure liquid chromatographic procedure was used for the determination of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, 5HT) in platelets. The method, which is based on the separation on a reverse‐phase column and measurement of native fluorescence in an acidified mobile phase, had a detection limit of femtomol quantities of 5HT. The mean contents of 5HT extracted from the Triton X‐100‐lysed platelets in random‐donor platelet concentrates (PCs) were 0.39 ± 0.19 μmol per 1011 platelets (n=5), the value of which was almost equal to 0.40 ± 0.09 μmol per 1011 platelets (n=15) of platelets prepared by cytapheresis. The fate of platelet 5HT during storage of PCs at 22° C with agitation was investigated for 5 days. Nearly all amounts of 5HT were sequestered within platelets after 5‐day storage. No increased amounts of major metabolites of 5HT, 5‐hydroxytryptophol and 5‐hydroxy‐3‐indoleacetic acid, were detected in plasma. These data suggest that 5HT stored in dense granules of platelets is not metabolized during storage of PCs at 22°C for 5 days.


The authors introduce encryption-free message authentication based entirely on the use of one-way hash functions. It is shown that fast one-way hash functions such as MD4 can be used as a foundation for some relatively novel implementations of security services. In particular, simple and inexpensive secret prefix and secret suffix methods provide protection against message substitution attacks when used in conjunction with a strong one-way hash function (which itself protects against message modification).<<ETX>>


The development of pluripotent cells from individual skin cells has opened up a new world of research, but scientists say they still need to work with embryonic stem cells.


The spleen collected from 45 apparently healthy White Pekin ducks during the postnatal life of 155 days were processed for histological observations. The spleen was enclosed in a thin connective tissue capsule which increased in thickness as age advanced. In day old birds the parenchyma of spleen consisted of densely packed lymphoid tissue embedded in a network of reticular fibers. Only after 15 days of age the parenchyma could be clearly differentiated into red and white pulp. The histological structure of spleen attained adult pattern by 95–110 days of age. The white pulp was seen as diffuse areas of lymphoid tissue enveloping central arteries. Germinal centers were present in all the birds aged above 95 days. The red pulp was composed of loose spongy tissue arranged into anastomosing splenic cords separated by venous sinuses. Within the cell cords lymphocytes, macrophages and blood cells were present.


A new hydrolysable tannin, elaeocarpusin, isolated from the leaves of Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. Ellipticus, has been characterized on the basis of chemical, spectroscopic, and X-ray analyses to be a novel ellagitannin in which a unique acid ester group probably derived by a condensation of a hexahydroxydiphenoyl group and dehydroascorbic acid is attached to the 2,4-positions of 1-O-galloyl- 3,6-(R)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-glucopyranose (corilagin). This structural feature suggests the pos- sibility of the participation of dehydroascorbic acid as a co-enzyme in oxidative metabolism of the hexahydroxydiphenoyl group to the corresponding dehydro group.


The concept of development and evolution was leaded in TCM theory.According the TCM theory of spleen and stomach is the basis of postnatal growth of the human body,and binding with theory of Yinyang,the generation law of splanchna Taiji-diagram constitution was studied and an preliminary explanation was given.It is pointed out that the generation of splanchna distribution is coincidence to Yinyang law.This study has proved more that as the basic theory of TCM and westen medicine,the Yinyang and dissection is not against the grain each other.They are can be unified.


We have developed a prototype optical brain-computer interface (BCI) system that can be used by an operator to manipulate external, electrically controlled equipment. Our optical BCI uses near-infrared spectroscopy and functions as a compact, practical, unrestrictive, non-invasive brain-switch. The optical BCI system measured spatiotemporal changes in the hemoglobin concentrations in the blood flow of a subject's prefrontal cortex at 22 measurement points. An exponential moving average (EMA) filter was applied to the data, and then their weighted sum with a taskrelated parameter derived from a pretest is utilized for time-indicated control (GO-STOP) of an external object. In experiments using untrained subjects, the system achieved control patterns within an accuracy of ±6 sec for more than 80% control.


On several occasions, Norges Bank has pointed out the need for a broad-based review of the guarantee fund scheme, including in a letter to Kredittilsynet dated 30 September 2004. The current scheme poses a considerable moral hazard. Membership of the Banks' Guarantee Fund is especially attractive to banks that are experiencing a clear deterioration of their financial situation. Banks with operations in more than one country may find it profitable also to fund the international portion of their portfolio with growth in deposits in their Norwegian branches. The incentives to do this have been particularly strong in recent years, since no contribution has been charged for membership of the Guarantee Fund. Banks are now bidding up the interest rate on deposits. Over time, this will also have an impact on lending rates.


Three dietary levels of essential fatty acids (EFA) 3.0, 0.75, and 0.07 cal% were studied for their influence on the concentration of lipids, linoleic and arachidonic acids, water, nitrogen, potassium


This paper is about robot 3D positioning and tracking under the guidance of vision in the uncalibrated environment. Based on the principle of coupled ADRC ( Auto Disturbance Rejection Controller) , a universal controller which is independent of special task is designed, and 3D positioning and tracking information in the manipulating space is obtained through vision information using two global cameras. Simulations and exper-iments show the validity and feasibility of this method.


A commercially relevant paradigm for a knowledge-based problem-specific program generator is described. It is applicable to repeatedly implemented software, particularly in the intermediate area between the exclusive and standard software. Not the first implementation, but the repeated ones are supported using the "problem-specific programming knowledge" collected during the past implementations. The technical details, as knowledge representation and functional component, are explained and illustrated on an example. Finally, conditions for an efficient application of the program generator are defined. The system can be developed at a relatively low expense of several months.


This research aims to examine the effectiveness of entrepreneurship learning with the Stanford D School design thinking approach and to make students more actively involved in learning activities so that their learning experiences can develop creative skills and entrepreneurial alertness. The underlying theory of the design thinking approach comes from the Experiential Learning Theory. This quasi-experiment was conducted by distributing questionnaires before and after the implementation of the learning approach. The research samples was students of the marketing expertise program from vocational schools, consisted of 60 students with Stanford D School design thinking approach and 60 students with teachercentered learning approach. The data were analyzed by the Independent Sample tTest and Paired Sample t-Test with SPSS 23 program. The results show that there are significant differences in creativity skills and entrepreneurial alertness between the experimental and the control class, and there are significant differences in the creativity skills and entrepreneurial alertness of the experimental class after receiving entrepreneurship learning with the design thinking approach. This gap can be overcome after students receive entrepreneurship learning using design thinking approach. The results of this study prove that Stanford D School design thinking can be applied to entrepreneurship learning, especially in vocational schools.


This invention is a method for storing light energy using an indigo derivative. Among indigo derivatives capable of storing light energy by the photoisomerization of the molecule from the trans-form to the cis-form, compounds heretofore obtained have been soluble only in expensive solvents such as benzene, toluene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and the like and harmful substances. On the other hand, the indigo derivative of this invention has the form of a pyridinium salt, is soluble in water and/or ethanol, and permits employment of safe and inexpensive water and/or an alcohol as a solvent. The indigo derivative of this invention converted from the trans-form to the cis-form by irradiation with sunlight and storing sunlight energy liberates the aforesaid stored energy as heat on addition of a catalyst and/or a heat trigger.


EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT JUMPING PROGRAMS ON HIP AND SPINE BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN John Eric Strong Department of Exercise Sciences Doctor of Philosophy Sixty premenopausal women (age 25-50) finished a 16 week randomized controlled trial looking at the effects of different jump programs on hip and spine bone mineral density (BMD). Subjects were randomly assigned to a control group or one of two jumping groups. The Jump 10 group performed 10 jumps with 30 seconds of rest between jumps, twice daily, while the Jump 20 group performed the same protocol but with 20 jumps. At 8 weeks, BMD percent change (%∆) at the hip was significantly different among groups when age, weight change, and subject compliance were simultaneously adjusted. In particular, the Jump 20 group had a greater %∆ in hip BMD compared to controls. However, %∆ in BMD for the neck of the hip (NOH), trochanter, or spine was not different among groups at 8 weeks. Following 16 weeks of jumping, BMD %∆ at the total hip and trochanter were significantly different among groups after adjusting for all covariates. Specifically, at the hip and trochanter, the Jump 10 and Jump 20 groups showed significantly greater %∆ in BMD compared to controls. There were no significant differences among groups for the BMD %∆ at NOH or spine at 16 weeks. Within-group analyses revealed no significant changes from baseline to 16 weeks for the jumping groups, but controls lost significant BMD. In conclusion, after 16 weeks of high-impact jump training, BMD at the hip and trochanter can be improved by jumping 10 or 20 times, twice daily, with 30 seconds of rest between each jump, compared to controls.


There are varied techniques in the literature for operative treatment of chronic ankle instability. Historically, ankle instability has been treated through direct repair, using imbrication of attenuated tissues. However, direct repair often is not a suitable option for patients with chronic instability that has developed as a result of generalized ligamentous laxity, failed previous stabilization, or paucity of competent local tissue. For these patients, reconstruction of the lateral ligaments is indicated and has been performed using various types of grafts, including semitendinosus grafts, gracilis grafts, peroneal grafts, plantaris grafts, and extensor digitorum longus grafts. We advocate using a hamstring autograft, either gracilis or semitendinosus, depending on the size of the patient's tendons, to operatively reconstruct the lateral ligaments in patients with chronic ankle instability.


The claim that professional social work should be based on scientific knowledge is many decades old with knowledge transfer usually moving in the direction from science to practice. The authors critique this model of knowledge transfer and support a hybrid one that places more of an emphasis on professional knowledge and action occurring in the real world. The authors particularly focus on the organizational contexts in which social work practice occurs in presenting a model of cooperative knowledge formation.


A high image rejection 38 GHz demodulator in TSMC 65-nm CMOS process is presented. To achieve better than −40 dBc image rejection ratio (IRR), a low I/Q mismatch 45° LO power splitter of sub-harmonic mixer is proposed. In this design, the 45° LO power splitter is composed of a Wilkinson divider, a series delay line with electrical length of 45° on one side of the divider, and a shunt 90° transmission line on the other side. This configuration is attractive because of its design simplicity and easy fabrication. Compared with the conventional techniques that utilize capacitors and inductors instead of the shunt 90° transmission line, the proposed LO power splitter can alleviate the issue of process variation. The demodulator demonstrates an IRR lower than −40 dBc from 37.5 to 41.5 GHz. In addition, conversion gain is 1.3 ± 0.9 dB from 33 to 41 GHz with 6 dBm LO power. The total direct current power consumption is 78 mW from 1.0 V supply voltage. At the modulation scheme of 4096-QAM, the proposed demodulator demonstrates 1.7% (−35.1 dB) error vector magnitude (EVM), which is very close to the EVM measurement floor 1.6% (−36 dB) of our millimeter-wave signal analyzer.


We investigate the entanglement dynamics of a generic multimode Gaussian state interacting with a common environmental noise by means of the characteristic function method and the defined operators. We find that such operators obey the rather simple commutation relations. This enables us to exactly solve the Fokker-Planck equation and to establish the general form of the input and output covariance matrices of this state. As an application, we consider the separability and entanglement of three-mode squeezed Gaussian state in the common thermal and squeezed thermal bath.


Multi-access for multi-mode terminals is possible in heterogeneous networks environment that becomes a critical issue for transmission in parallel with meeting user Quality of Service (QoS) performance requirements and throughput maximization. Without considering the service type, the existing optimal resource allocation schemes may allocate the scarce radio resources inefficiently. To overcome these issues, in this paper, we propose service differentiation for achieving fairness in multi-traffic class in MANET. This proposed methodology includes three stages of solution. In the first stage, we assign priority through a well-defined structure. In the second stage, we use utility function to have more differentiation. In the last stage, we use piggy backing for data packet classification. As the proposed solution determines the priority based services, it becomes easy to assign a work with a good working scenario. A good differentiation is created among the user. The third part is able to solve data packet generation according to the space available.


Moriculture is a significant factor for better production of silk in the field of sericulture. The present study deals with the influence of micronutrients on the increased growth and yield of the mulberry plants [MR2 (Mildew Resistant Variety 2)]. Field experiments comprising of twelve treatments including a controlsupplemented with desired quantity of micronutrients in single or in combination were analysed to study the morphometric and characteristic parameters of the mulberry plant, viz., plant height, shoot length, number of branches and leaves per plant, leaf area and leaf yield. At 45th and 60th day of pruning, maximum plant height was noted in T9(CuSO4 15Kg/ha + ZnSO4 15Kg/ha + FeSO4 30Kg/ha)and T10(CuSO4 20Kg/ha + ZnSO4 20Kg/ha + FeSO4 40Kg/ha) whichincreased by22.33% and 25.8%,respectively over control; maximum shoot lengthwas recorded in T9which increased by26.32% and 30.86%,respectively over control; maximum number of branches was observed in T9which increased by41.62% and 45.75%,respectively over control; maximum number of leaves was notedin T9 which increasedby 27.9% and 31.42%,respectively over control; maximum leaf area was recorded in T9 which increased by 60.59% and 25.39%,respectively over control; and maximum 100 leaf yield and leaf yield/plant was in T9 which increased by118.91% and 136.74%; and 70.71% and 91.07%,respectively over control. The findings of the present study emphasized that supplementation of micronutrients in general and T9 in particular enhanced the growth and yield of mulberry plants.


Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is important as a newly introduced species to inland aquaculture industry of Iran. Feed is the most important economic factor, and protein, the most expensive ingradient represents more than 50% of expenses was investigated. All male Nile tilapia (180) with initial weight 13.85±1.01 g divided randomly in 12 tanks (150 L, 3 L/min water flow) and fed with 4 diets (15, 22, 29 and 36% crude protein) during 8 weeks. Survival did not affect by increasing protein level. Growth, food and protein performance indices improved significantly (P<0.01) up to CP 29. The most economical diet for getting convince growth, food and protein performance was 29% crude protein. Mathematical model (polynomiyal) between PCE and protein level showed the maximum protein efficiency appeared in 35.3% crude protein.


Summary Ecdysteroids secreted in vitro by Y-organs of the white shrimp Penaeus vannamei were quantified at different stages of the molt cycle by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The production was maximal during the first hour of incubation, and the highest values were obtained with Y-organs from animals at molt stages D1′″. and D2-D3. Ecdysteroid production increased in parallel with the rise in hemolymph ecdysteroid levels, which peaked at the late premolt stage D1′″. A preliminary characterization showed that 20-hydroxyecdysone was the major circulating ecdysteroid. Ecdysteroids present in the incubation median of Y-organs were measured after HPLC separation. Three major immunoreactive compounds comigrated with standard ecdysteroids, 20-hydroxyecdysone, ecdysone and 3-dehydroecdysone; a fourth, less polar immunoreactive product was also detected. 3-Dehydroecdysone appeared to be the predominant secretory product, and the other compounds could arise from its metabolism by contaminating epidermis cells in the Y...


As software control of time-critical functions in embedded systems becomes more common, a means for the precise specification of their behavior and formal methods for analyzing system requirements become increasingly important. Modechart is a graphical specification language introduced to meet this need. The main focus of this paper is on methods and supporting tools for representing and reasoning about properties of time-critical systems specified in Modechart. The paper describes a verification methodology which takes advantage of the structuring inherent in a Modechart specification to determine whether a system specification satisfies the required properties. The paper also describes the implementation of a mechanical verifier, based on the proposed approach, which has been recently integrated as part of the Modechart Toolset prototype development environment from the Naval Research Lab [7].


The performance evaluation of supply chains is the key of effective supply chain management, which is not only helpful to describe and analyze the historical performance and status, but also can be used to set performance targets and determine the future focus. The paper, according to the shortcomings of existing fuzzy comprehensive evaluation models, eliminated the redundant data in index membership for object classification by defining distinguishable weight and extract valid values to compute object membership and apply the new algorithm in the fuzzy evaluation on supply chains' total performance. Evaluation results of examples showed the validity of the improved model, and the model achieved the dynamic evaluation of supply chains' total performance, which can provide the basis for researchers to study how to improve the operation performance of supply chains and for enterprises to implement performance evaluation of their supply chains.


This Conference Presentation, "Millimeter-wave sounder/imager on a CubeSat providing global atmospheric science observations for more than two years on orbit: Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems-Demonstration (TEMPEST-D) Mission," was recorded at SPIE Optics + Photonics 2021 held in San Diego, California, United States.


With the advent of Objective Structure Clinical 1,2 Examination (OSCE) in the mid seventies examination of clinical competencies became more defined, refined and focused. OSCE became an answer t o decades of dissatisfaction with the use of the traditional long case clinical examination in which examiner, pat ient and pathology casespecificity played significant roles, not always amenable to measurable control parameters. Moreover, the OSCE provided a wide template for the examination of competencies not usually captured in the traditional long case 3 examination . Both patient and task-related modalities of assessment were handy, in addition to robust use of communication and interpersonal skills. There has been no doubt that OSCE has provided a more comprehensive platform for clinical assessment comprising entities of the cognitive, psychomotor and 4,5 affective domains of learning .


On-site and remote health evaluations were performed on 550 employees of the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority in New York City. Extremely high ambient air pollution was observed. Carbon monoxide averaged 63 ppm over a 30-day period with a maximum hourly concentration of 217 ppm in one facility. Eighty-five percent of the smoking and 47% of the nonsmoking tunnel workers had carboxyhemoglobin saturations in excess of 3%. A high percentage of the group had symptoms suggestive of chronic bronchitis; airway resistance was elevated in one third and almost all bridge and tunnel workers had an increase in closing volume, suggesting small airway disease.


This paper studies an approach to solve the problem of color purification for images of scanned paper maps in an experimental manner. The mathematical foundation of the approach is briefly outlined. A computationally feasible algorithm is then proposed. This algorithm is tested through real life testing. Results indicate that this approach not only restores and purifies colors of the map digitally. It compresses the data of the image files too.


[Objective]To observe the effect of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on life-span and peroxidation in drosophila and the antagonism of ginseng against this effect.[Methods] Drosophila were separated to 9 groups,including a comparing group,0.1% DEHP,0.2% DEHP,0.3% gineng,0.9% gineng,0.1% DEHP+0.3% ginseng,0.1% DEHP+ 0.9% ginseng,0.2% DEHP+0.3% ginseng,0.2% DEHP+0.9% ginseng.The longevity test was carried out to examine the effect of DEHP and ginseng on the Drosophila's life-span.The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the concentration of malonaldehyde (MDA) were determined in every group of the fruitfly on 0,10,20 days after exposure.[Results] Compared with control group,mean life-span (ns) of the female and male drosophila of the 2 DEHP groups reduced significantly (except 0.1% DEHP female group,P0.05);that of the 2 ginseng groups prolonged significantly(P0.05);Compared with 0.1% male DEHP group,MLS of the 0.1% DEHP+0.3%ginseng male group changed significantly (P0.05);Compared with 0.3% male ginseng group,MLS of the 0.2% DEHP+0.3% ginseng male group changed significandy(P0.05).Two DEHP groups' SOD activity dramatically decreased(except 20 day 0.1% DEHP female group)and MDA concentration significantly increased(except 20 day 0.1% DEHP male group,P0.05 or P0.01)with the increase of DEHP,but the activity of SOD increased and MDA concentration decreased with the increase of ginseng(except ginseng 0.3% female group,P0.05 or P0.01).Meanwhile,the simultaneous administration of Ginseng can increase the activity of SOD and decrease the concentration of MDA in drosophila (P0.05 or P0.01).[Conclusion] Ginseng can reduce dropolhila from DEHP toxicity,prolonging dropolhila' s life and decreasing lipid peroxidation.


In the course of a series of experiments on the action of positive ions of helium on a metal surface with which they collided, it was observed that neutral excited atoms of the gas were able to set free large numbers of electrons from the surface. Under appropriate conditions the recombination of helium ions and electrons is able to give very large numbers of these excited atoms, and a process has been developed by which it is possible to obtain an intense beam and study its behaviour under different conditions. The recognition of the existence of metastable states of excited atoms has led to the explanation of many anomalous effects in gaseous discharges, and of some photo synthesised reactions involving a mixture of gases. However, our knowledge of the state is very meagre, and it is still possible to fall into considerable error and uncertainty in measurements which, unknown to the experimenter, involve the formation of excited neutral atoms. Examples of this will be given in the discussion at the end of this paper. Although it has long been recognised that a collision between an excited atom and a metal might well lead to the ejection of an electron from the conductor by a sort of collision of the second kind, yet the magnitude of the effect under appropriate conditions has not been fully appreciated. The part which this type of collision plays in the cathode phenomena of the arc and glow discharges, and the effect which it may have on the characteristics of "probe" collectors, has yet to be determined.


Programming heterogeneous parallel systems can be extremely complex because a single system may include multiple different parallelism models, instruction sets, and memory hierarchies, and different systems use different combinations of these features. We propose a carefully designed parallel abstraction of heterogeneous hardware - a hierarchical dataflow graph with shared memory and vector instructions - that is able to capture the parallelism in a wide range of popular parallel hardware. We use this abstraction, which we call hVISC, to define a Virtual Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) that aims to address both functional portability and performance portability across heterogeneous systems. hVISC is more general than existing virtual instruction sets such as PTX, HSAIL and SPIR, e.g., it can capture both streaming parallelism and general dataflow parallelism.


This research is a descriptive qualitative research using literature review that aims to describe the psychological characteristics of students in learning mathematics on intuitive and reflective intelligence. Intuitive intelligence is a psychological term in the process of cognitive understanding that spontaneously raises and selects known concepts or schemes by understanding knowledge through something concrete, experimental, or intellectually to respond to a stimulus with a high degree of accuracy. While, reflective intelligence is a process of activities carried out actively, persistently, directed and thoughtfully in analyzing, evaluating, motivating, getting deep meaning, and using appropriate learning strategies. Intuitive and reflective intelligence has an important role in learning in school, so it should be developed in the learning process, especially in mathematics so that students can improve their ability to solve problems.


Abstract The effect of thermal modification and extracts of Scots pine sapwood and heartwood, and Norway spruce on the colonisation by the bacterium, Escherichia coli was studied. All wood samples caused more rapid decrease of bacterial numbers compared to glass, which was used as reference material. Pine sapwood caused somewhat faster decrease of bacterial count than the other wood types. On the other hand, both thermal modification and extraction increased the bacterial count on all the samples compared to untreated wood samples. Neither the amount of extractives nor the faster drying of the surface, to which the bacterial inoculum was added, could alone explain this result; rather it is likely that this is due to a combination of both factors.


Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a socio-cultural and barbaric practice. FGM does not have any scientific or medical benefit to the but also imposes severe health risks to the females. FGM is usually performed by traditional practitioners and is carried out with traditional instruments without cleaning. This procedure is mainly carried out on young girls sometime between the time of birth and 15 years of age.


This article examines whether (and why) migrant communities are less likely to support institutions for managing common pool resources. Focusing on Buvuma Island, which is situated in Uganda's portion of Lake Victoria, I study the efforts at locally supporting forestry regulations among randomly selected communities. These communities have varying proportions of both immigrants and prospective out-migrants, and they are confronting the degradation of adjacent forest reserves. The evidence from survey data on 293 randomly selected heads of households suggests that migrant communities are less likely to support common pool resource institutions. The same evidence suggests that the lower likelihood of support among migrant communities has more to do with their weaker relationships (of reputation, trust, and reciprocity) than their expectations about the institutional net-benefits.


We study the relationship between the social cost of correlated equilibria and the social cost of Nash equilibria. In contrast to previous work focusing on the possible benefits of a benevolent mediator, we define and bound the Price of Mediation (PoM): the ratio of the cost of the worst correlated equilibrium to the cost of the worst Nash. We observe that in practice, the heuristics used for mediation are frequently non-optimal, and from an economic perspective mediators may be inept or self-interested. Recent results on computation of equilibria also motivate our work.
 We consider the Price of Mediation for general games with small numbers of players and pure strategies. For games with two players each having two pure strategies we prove a tight bound of two on the PoM. For larger games (either more players, or more pure strategies per player, or both) we show that the PoM can be unbounded.
 Most of our results focus on symmetric congestion games (also known as load balancing games). We show that for general convex cost functions, the PoM can grow exponentially in the number of players. We prove that PoM is one for linear costs and at most a small constant (but can be larger than one) for concave costs. For polynomial cost functions, we prove bounds on the PoM which are exponential in the degree.


This paper presents a variable frequency current control scheme for the air-pressure control of diaphragm. Differ from the conventional air-pressure control of diaphragm, the proposed method uses a single-phase inverter to control the phase current and frequency. The phase current is adjusted to keep the reference air-pressure of the diaphragm. And the current frequency is changed to reduce the mechanical vibration. In order to smooth change of the operation with a constant air-pressure, the frequency is changed according to the voltage reference from the current controller. When the phase current is satisfied to the constant air-pressure, the current frequency is increased to reduce the vibration of the diaphragm. When the reference voltage to keep the phase current is over than the set value, the current frequency is decreased to keep the air-pressure. The proposed control scheme is verified by the experimental test of a commercial diaphragm.


CaBa2(BO3)2:Tb(superscript 3+) green phosphor was synthesized by the general high temperature solid-state reaction and its luminescence properties were investigated. It shows four major emission peaks locating at 496, 549, 588 and 622 nm, corresponding to the 5D4→7F6, 5D4→7F5, 5D4→7F4 and 5D4→7F3 typical transition of Tb(superscript 3+), respectively. The most intense peaks located at 496 nm and 549 nm, the phosphor shows excellent green emission. The excitation spectra contains a abroad band extending from 200 nm to 300 nm, which correspond to 4f^7-5d^1 broadband Absorption. The effects of doped Tb(superscript 3+) concentration and charge compensating of Li(superscript +), Na(superscript +) and K(superscript +) on the emission intensity were also investigated: the concentration quench phenomenon does not appear nearly and Li(superscript +) gives the best improvement to enhance the intensity of the emission. Make sure the best mixture ratio of raw material which are CaCO3, BaCO3, H3BO3. Emission intensity of synthetic crystal is the best, when H3BO3 is excessive to 3%.


In the modern west, reproductive fertility is a women's issue. The critical processes of conception, pregnancy and parturition all involve women far more than men. The debate about abortion is fought on (and in) the female body; fertility treatment targets the potential mother's reproductive system; surrogate motherhood invades another woman's reproductive system; and most birth control is aimed at women. The relentless emphasis on the feminine nature of fertility has caused modern scholars and others to cast this understanding onto the study and reconstruction of the past. Female statuettes from the ancient world, naked and clothed, have been interpreted as 'fertility figurines', while every goddess in the ancient pantheons – be she mother or virgin or both – tends to be described as a 'fertility goddess'. Various and sundry 'mother goddesses' were discovered throughout the ancient world in nineteenth- and twentieth-century scholarship. Today, many reconstructed neopagan religions are devoted to a monotheistic 'Great Goddess' who is understood to have survived the spread across Eurasia of the Indo-Europeans with their patriarchal sky god which ended the peaceful reign of the 'Great Mother'. The pendulum is now swinging the other way concerning the 'female = fertility' equation, especially in the ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern territories once most susceptible to its lures. In 1989, Jo Ann Hackett pointed out the innately sexist implications of the theory that females are nothing but wombs. There is also growing interest in the fecund male, as shown by recent publications on the masculine role in fertility in both Egyptian iconography and Sumerian literature. This chapter develops, for the early literate cultures of the eastern Mediterranean, the new emphasis on the understanding of fertility as a masculine attribute, in which it is the life-giving fluids of the penis, rather than what goes on in the womb, that creates new life. I focus on mythology – a rich surviving resource – from a swathe of territory from Egypt through the Levant and Mesopotamia into Anatolia, over a period stretching from around the end of the fourth to the early first millennium bc, although the bulk of the material comes from the second millennium. It was in their tales of creation and generation that the residents of the ancient Near East and Egypt were most explicit about their notions of gender vis-a-vis fertility, for both deities and humans.


Music consists of a number of different elements, which we will explore in more detail over the course of this short series, using various practical activities. We begin by looking at rhythm, tempo and pulse.


Changing climate aggregates, the problem of weed management by rapid weed flora shift and resistance development. In these conditions, the best option is to use new herbicide molecules with a diverse mode of action and a wider application time window.   Thus, an herbicidal trial was conducted during the Rabi 2019-20 at Agricultural Research Farm, BHU, Varanasi. The experiment was laid out in RCBD design with 8 treatments viz., control (W1), aclonifen 600SC @ 1.05 kg a.i./ha PE (W2) and early POE (W5),aclonifen 600SC @ 1.2 kg  a.i./ha PE (W3) and early POE (W6), pendimethalin 30% EC @ 1.25 kg a.i./ha PE (W4), sulfosulfuron 75% WG @ 0.025 kg a.i./ha POE (W7), Farmer practice-2 hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS (W8) and replicated thrice. Among different treatments aclonifen 600 SC @ 1.25 kg a.i./ha as pre and early post-emergence applied treatments recorded minimum weed density, weed dry matter production, highest weed control efficiency and crop persistence index. The same treatments registered better crop growth performance, and profitable yields.


Reliability assessment index is one of the main performance indicator for analyzing the impact of distributed energy generation system in the utility distribution system and minimize the costs associated with energy interruptions. In this study, sustainable energy development by using integrated photovoltaic distributed generation (DG) system considering reliability assessment indices and levelized cost of energy are presented. Electrical transient and analysis program simulation software are used for evaluation and assessment of the reliability indices based on the failure rate, average annual power interruption/outage time and repair time. The analytical method are used to evaluate the expected interruption cost (ECOST) of the system. HelioScope software is a photovoltaic simulation tool are used to design and calculate the energy generation (kWh) as well as global horizontal irradiation (kWh/m2) of the photovoltaic system. Experimental test system is a radial distribution network consisting of an 11.0 kV feeder emanating from 132.0 kV distribution grid station Satiana. According to the reliability evaluation and assessment of experimental test system before integration of photovoltaic distributed energy generation, the average service availability index (ASAI) is 0.9648 per unit. Then, the expected energy not supplied (EENS) is 772.0308 MWh per year and ECOST is 386,652,468.18 PKR per year. After integration of Photovoltaic DG, ASAI is 0.9741 per unit, then the EENS is 563.8584 MWh per year and integration ECOST is 227,087,143.39 PKR per year. The results showed that integrated PV DG system improve the reliability of conventional energy distribution systems.


An analytical relation between the internal- and the external luminescence quantum efficiency of textured silicon wafers is derived using a generalisation of Kirchhoff s law. We show that only a fraction of one third of internally generated photons can escape a textured 450 /spl mu/m thick silicon wafer even under the idealising assumption of negligible free carrier absorption, the major fraction of photons being reabsorbed by band-band-transitions. Surprisingly high external luminescence quantum efficiencies up to 0.6% at room temperature of silicon light emitting diodes have been published recently. From our theoretical model we can conclude that further significant improvements of the external luminescence quantum efficiency of silicon devices can be achieved by optimising the thickness of the devices, the texturing and the passivation of the surfaces texturing.


We design a broadband flat metasurface lens whose thickness is much thinner than the wavelength. The concept with one-dimensional (1-D) transmission-line model is recalled and 1-D meander microstrip-line structures are used for the design. Determining the specification of the lens, the line length is calculated based on the design formula. The eigenfrequency analysis is carried out to modify the error of electrical length from the theoretical value, and the line length is optimized. A metasurface lens is constituted with the structures and full-wave simulations are performed to confirm the broadband operation. It is seen from the results that the designed lens can make a focus at any frequency.


This paper proposes a syntactic analysis of Kazakh simple sentences taking into account their semantics. To do this, first, the syntactic rules of sentences are described using formal grammar, then parsing trees and ontological models are built to determine the semantics of their components and the relationships between them. As a formal grammar used Chomsky's context-free grammar, and ontological models were built in the environment of Protege.


Clubfoot or Congenital Talipus Equinovarus is the most common congenital deformity of the foot characterized by equinus, varus, adduction, and cavus deformities in various combinations. The deformity may be mild which appears as a slight exaggeration of normal equinovarus position or severe with foot almost in contact with the medial border of tibia.
The severity of the deformity has to be graded for quantification of abnormalities before and after treatment. As this deformity has intraosseous and interosseous components as well as soft tissue changes with atrophic and rudimentary muscles resulting from theabnormal bony relationship, they can be evaluated using radiography and ultrasonography.


In this paper, the character of embedded system and the hardware composition of the embedded system based on ARM9 are introduced, and also the transplant of LINUX operating system based on this hardware is also introduced. At the same time, the establishment of driver program and application program of A/D and D/A transformation is included. They constitute a complete embedded control system experimental platform.


The article concerns the analysis of the importance of language in the self-determination of one's emotional states and his/her determination of the same in another person. In the first part of the article the author presents the difficulties with the categorization of emotions which are the result of using different languages. Further, he proves, that the broadly understood culture, in which a language is an indispensable dimension, is of the key significance in the comprehension of emotions. Taking into consideration the fact that the emotions are connected to the "subjective self" in a special way, the fundamental role should be attributed to the shaping of the mental structure which defines the character of this "subjective self". The collectivist and individualist cultures are the examples the dissimilarities in the self-structure shaping. They delineate the ways in which emotional states are experienced, and what types of the experienced emotions dominate. The language as a fundamental system of social communication confers the meanings on emotional states. Through this meaning it explains the variability of experiencing the emotions and guides the ways the emotional states are categorized.