Background and objective: Cognitive recovery after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the biggest challenge facing the critical care nurses (CCNs). Several studies have been reported that the majority of CCNs are concerned with providing conventional nursing practices to severe TBI patients. These practices are directed to stabilize patients' status rather than to enhance cognitive recovery after TBI. Application of integrative nursing practices for TBI patients can help in enhancing cognitive recovery. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of integrative nursing practices on cognitive recovery among severe traumatic brain injury patients. Methods: A quasi experimental research design was utilized. A convenience sample was conducted on 60 adult patients suffering from severe TBI who admitted to the intensive care units of Alexandria Main University Hospital. Patients were assigned into study group (30 patients) and control group (30 patients). One tool was used for data collection namely "Cognitive Recovery Assessment Tool". This tool was used to assess recovery of cognitive function domains. It consists of level of consciousness using Full Outline of Un-Responsiveness (FOUR) score, level of cognitive functioning using Rancho Los Amigos (RLA) scale and basic cognitive sensory recovery assessment using Western Neuro Sensory Stimulation Profile (WNSSP) scale. Results: The implementation of integrative nursing practices for the study group was associated with statistically significant positive effects. Patients in the study group showed higher means of consciousness revealed by FOUR score and cognitive function revealed by RLA scale. The basic cognitive sensory recovery revealed by WNSSP scale in the study group was also significantly improved. Conclusions: Implementation of integrative nursing practices has been shown to enhance cognitive recovery among severe TBI patients. Thus, it is recommended for use in a nurse's daily routine of care for severe TBI patients.


In this study, a numerical simulation of a piloted CH4/air (Sandia flame D) model, for partially-premixed combustion, with varying levels of O2/N2 by volume, is presented. The turbulence and combustion are modeled by the standard k–e and burning velocity model(BVM) which also called turbulent flame closure (TFC) model which is used with laminar flamelet to give detailed chemistry. The main purpose this study is to predict the effect of the O2 and N2 volume percentage, on the turbulent flame characteristics and formation of harmful substances and emissions. Computations were achieved by the ANSYS CFX.. // o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[\S\s]{1,2}/g);for(var t="",o=0;o


AbstractReservoir refill operation modeling attempts to maximize a set of benefits while minimizing risks. The benefits and risks can be in opposition to each other, such as having enough water for hydropower generation while leaving enough room for flood protection. In addition to multiple objects, the uncertainty of streamflow can make decision making difficult. This paper develops a stochastic optimization model for reservoir refill operation with the objective of maximizing the expected synthesized energy production for a cascade system of hydropower stations while considering flood risk. Streamflow uncertainty is addressed by discretized streamflow scenarios and flood risk is controlled by a joint chance constraint restricting the occurrence probability. With the variability of flood risk level, two advancing refill scenarios for exploring operation benefit are presented. Scenario I loosens the current stagewise storage bounds conditions and allows advancing reservoir refills but keeps the flood risk...


Objective: To investigate the utility of an adapted version of a racial respect scale originally developed for African American youth. We modified the scales for gender-specific use with adult African Americans, and added a subscale to assess racial respect related to romantic partnerships. The current study seeks to investigate the relationship between the reliability and construct validity of the racial respect scale and a measure encompassing 4 theorized adaptive and maladaptive identity types, the Perceptions of African American Experience (PAAX). The study authors also investigate the hypothesized relationship between racial respect and health outcomes and mental health adjustment. Method: The newly developed African American Respect Scale –Women (AARS-W) and African American Respect Scale – Men (AARS-M) are psychometrically tested with samples of adult African Americans (N = 278) recruited in 3 U.S. cities: Portland, Oregon; St. Louis, Missouri; and Washington, D.C., which were selected to represent the diversity in East Coast, Midwest, and West Coast populations. Results: Findings from the current study provide evidence that racial respect predicts prosocial adaptive identity and is associated with participation in prosocial activities and positive health outcomes while the lack of it predicts maladaptive identity and poor mental health adjustment as well as the lack of access to the social determinants of health such as adequate education and employment opportunities. Conclusions: Social workers working with adult African Americans will find the results from the current study helpful in their professional practice.


A comprehensive marketing research study utilizing focus group and survey research was conducted in Mexico to investigate family planning awareness attitudes and practices among middle and lower class urban and semiurban men and women aged 17-35. For the focus group research 44 sessions were conducted with 6 to 10 participants per group stratified by sex age marital status contraceptive use socioeconomic status and residence. Drawing on the findings from the group sessions a standard home interview survey was carried out among a random sample of 2201 men and women living in marital or consensual union who resided in localities of greater than 2500 inhabitants. This paper summarizes the several volumes of detailed findings produced by this study. (authors)


A 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital for a gradually worsening "skin rash." He was previously healthy until approximately one year prior to admission. He initially developed dysuria thought to be secondary to urethral scarring. Several months later, he developed painful oral ulcerations and blistering of the finger tips with subsequent erosion and nail loss of the involved digits. Evaluation at the outside institution suggested the patient had lichen planus and he was treated with oral prednisone starting at 40 mg daily and tapered gradually over 3 months. This resulted in some improvement but not resolution of the lesions. As the prednisone was tapered the skin lesions worsened and they progressed to involve his entire body. He was then referred to our institution for further evaluation. At admission, he had widespread erythematous papules, targetoid in appearance, many with a central scale or erosion. These skin lesions involved his oral mucous membranes with a painful erosive and exfoliative eruption involving the lips and entire buccal mucosa. Similar ulcerative lesions were almost confluent on the entire scalp. He had both dorsal and palmar involvement of his hands with erosion and loss of several fingernails (Image 1A,B). Biopsy of the skin lesions showed lichenoid and vacuolar interface inflammation with scattered apoptotic keratinocytes. Direct immunofluorescence demonstrated strong deposition of IgG and C3 on epithelial cell surfaces in a pattern typical for pemphigus. Desmoglein (DSG) antibodies were significantly elevated [DSG-1 antibodies: 62.4 U (reference range <14); DSG-3 antibodies: 36 U (reference range <9)]. The suspicion of paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) was raised given the lack of concordance of an interface vacuolar reaction on biopsy (a lichenoid pattern) with the immunofluorescence findings (pemphigus pattern). BP180/230 antibodies (pemphigoid) were negative, however, indirect immunofluorescence with human salt-split skin showed basement membrane antibody florescence predominantly on the epidermal side suggestive of pemphigoid, again raising the suspicion of PNP. The diagnosis of PNP was confirmed by positive rat bladder immunofluorescence indicating that there are multiple circulating autoantibodies directed toward epithelial tissue. Laboratory findings showed mild normocytic anemia, an elevated C-reactive protein, and a very mildly elevated lactate dehydrogenase at 262 U/L (reference range 122–222 U/L). A full body computed tomography scan revealed a bulky mesenteric mass measuring 18 cm in greatest diameter in addition to scattered mesenteric, retroperitoneal, and retrocrural lymphadenopathy (Image 1C). A CT-guided biopsy of a retroperitoneal lymph node was obtained and showed grade 1 follicular lymphoma (FL; Image 1D–G). Further staging was performed with a positron emission tomography scan (Image 1H) that demonstrated the FL to be FDG avid with a low standardized uptake value (SUV) (4.7). Staging bone marrow biopsy was positive for FL (Image 1I–J). The patient was treated with standard bendamustinerituximab (BR) to treat his underlying FL. Interestingly, his PNP responded well with gradual improvement of his skin lesions shortly after the first cycle of BR. Unfortunately, his course was complicated with recurrent infections and the regimen was simplified to rituximab/prednisone. After 6 months of therapy, FL and PNP improved significantly (Image 2) and DSG-1/ DSG-3 antibodies normalized. The patient subsequently developed multiple infectious complications including toxic megacolon from clostridium difficile requiring total colectomy. At the time of surgery, no abdominal FL was detected. He passed away of infectious complications without active FL or PNP 10 months after diagnosis. Occult malignancies occasionally present with dermatologic manifestations. Hodgkin lymphoma can present with refractory pruritus whereas in non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) the skin lesions are usually the result of direct invasion of malignant cells. In the case of our patient, the skin lesions were due to a paraneoplastic phenomenon [2,3]. PNP in the context of NHL is very rare. The name PNP was first given by Anhalt et al. [4] who described five cases of PNP, two of which were NHL. PNP usually manifests as polymorphous and painful mucocutaneous ulcerations which clinically can present as Steven Johnsons syndrome (as in this case), pemphigus vulgaris, and erosive lichen planus. Diagnosis of PNP relies on characteristic discordant immunofluorescence findings including the presence of multiple epithelial autoantibodies which leads to the search for an underlying malignancy [5]. Therefore, in the setting of a blistering skin disorder compatible with Stevens Johnsons syndrome, pemphigus or erosive lichen planus, clinicians should always search for a potential occult malignancy when immunofluorescence studies suggest the presence of multiple epithelial autoantibodies. PNP treatment is usually directed against the underlying occult malignancy. In our case, treatment of the underlying FL did produce clearing of the PNP. In addition to the images presented herein, a collage of highquality images can be found in the Supporting Information.


We propose a neural network model to estimate word translation probabilities for Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval (CLIR). The model estimates better probabilities for word translations than automatic word alignments alone, and generalizes to unseen source-target word pairs. We further improve the lexical neural translation model (and subsequently CLIR), by incorporating source word context, and by encoding the character sequences of input source words to generate translations of out-of-vocabulary words. To be effective, neural network models typically need training on large amounts of data labeled directly on the final task, in this case relevance to queries. In contrast, our approach only requires parallel data to train the translation model, and uses an unsupervised model to compute CLIR relevance scores. We report results on the retrieval of text and speech documents from three morphologically complex languages with limited training data resources (Swahili, Tagalog, and Somali) and short English queries. Despite training on only about 2M words of parallel training data for each language, we obtain neural network translation models that are very effective for this task. We also obtain further improvements using (i) a modified relevance model, which uses the probability of occurrence of a translation of each query term in the source document, and (ii) confusion networks (instead of 1-best output) that encode multiple transcription alternatives in the output of an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system. We achieve overall MAP relative improvements of up to 24% on Swahili, 50% on Tagalog, and 39% on Somali over the baseline probabilistic model, and larger improvements over monolingual retrieval from machine translation output.


We have undertaken quantitative analysis of four LMC and SMC O4-9.7 extreme supergiants using far-ultraviolet FUSE, ultraviolet IUE/Hubble Space Telescope, and optical Very Large Telescope UV-Visual Echelle Spectrograph spectroscopy. Extended, non-LTE model atmospheres that allow for the consistent treatment of line blanketing, developed by Hillier & Miller, are used to analyze wind and photospherics spectral features simultaneously. Using Hα to constrain mass-loss rates, He I-He II photospheric lines reveal stellar temperatures that are systematically (5-7.5 kK) and substantially (15%-20%) lower than previously derived from unblanketed, plane-parallel, non-LTE photospheric studies. We have confidence in these revisions since derived temperatures generally yield consistent fits across the entire 912-7000 Å observed spectral range. In particular, we are able to resolve the UV-optical temperature discrepancy identified for AzV 232 (O7 Iaf+) in the SMC by Fullerton and coworkers. The temperature and abundance sensitivity of far-ultraviolet, UV, and optical lines are discussed. "Of" classification criteria are directly linked to (strong) nitrogen enrichment (via N III λ4097) and (weak) carbon depletion (via C III λλ4647-4651), providing evidence for mixing of unprocessed and CNO-processed material at their stellar surfaces. Oxygen abundances are more difficult to constrain, except via O II lines in the O9.7 supergiant, for which it is also found to be somewhat depleted. Unfortunately, He/H is very difficult to determine in individual O supergiants because of uncertainties in microturbulence and the atmospheric scale height. The effect of wind clumping is also investigated, for which P V λλ1118-1128 potentially provides a useful diagnostic in O star winds, unless phosphorus can be independently demonstrated to be underabundant relative to other heavy elements. Revised stellar properties affect existing calibrations of (1) Lyman continuum photons—a factor of 2 lower for the O4 supergiant—and (2) kinetic energy released into the ISM by O supergiants. Our results also have importance for the calibration of the wind momentum-luminosity relationship for OB stars, particularly since the stars studied here are among the visually brightest OB stars in external galaxies.


Cenobamate (XCOPRI and ONTOZRY) is a novel antiseizure medication for the treatment of focal‐onset seizures. Nonetheless, there is limited information on the pharmacokinetics (PKs), safety, and efficacy of cenobamate in Asian people, including Japanese people. This study aimed to evaluate the PKs and safety of cenobamate after a single oral dose in healthy Japanese subjects and to compare the PKs with that reported in non‐Japanese subjects. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, single ascending dose study was conducted at four dose levels of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg. Subjects were randomly assigned to cenobamate or placebo in a 6:2 ratio. Cenobamate was rapidly absorbed, reaching its maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) in 0.75 to 2.25 h, and was eliminated with a mean half‐life of 37.0 to 57.7 h. The Cmax increased dose proportionally, whereas area under the concentration‐time curve increased more than dose proportionally, which was consistent with the findings in non‐Japanese subjects. The systemic exposure of cenobamate was comparable between Japanese and non‐Japanese subjects at all dose levels evaluated. All adverse events were mild in severity, and their incidence did not show dose‐dependent trends. Furthermore, there were no clinically significant issues in safety parameters, including sedation tests, neurologic examinations, and Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale interviews. In conclusion, the systemic exposure of cenobamate after a single dose in Japanese subjects increased by dose, which was similar to the pattern in non‐Japanese subjects. In addition, a single dose of cenobamate was well‐tolerated in the dose range of 50 to 400 mg in healthy Japanese subjects.


Operational modal analysis is an experimental modal analysis approach, which uses vibration data collected when the structure is under operating conditions. Amongst the methods for operational modal analysis, blind source separation–based methods have been shown to be efficient and powerful. The existing blind source separation modal identification methods, however, require the number of sensors to be at least equal to the number of modes in the frequency range of interest to avoid spatial aliasing. In this article, a frequency domain algorithm that overcomes this problem is proposed, which is based on the joint diagonalization of a set of weighted covariance matrices. In the proposed approach, the frequency range of interest is partitioned into several frequency ranges in which the number of active modes in each band is less than the number of sensors. Numerical simulations and an experimental example demonstrate the efficacy of the method.


(1984). Bion's "Containing" and Winnicott's "Holding" in the Context of the Group Matrix. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy: Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 201-213.


An experimental investigation was made of the angular and power characteristics of the conversion of the CO2 laser radiation into visible light in a nonlinear proustite crystal. The pump radiation was provided by a low-power cw krypton ion laser (λ = 676.4 nm). The spectral width of the conversion band was 11.7 cm–1. The measured quantum conversion efficiency (6.6×10–9) was assumed to apply also to high-power pulsed pump radiation. An estimate of the maximum threshold sensitivity attainable in a real crystal was estimated allowing for the thermal background noise in the conversion band. The estimated sensitivity was 4×10–13 W·Hz–1/2.


Abstract This study involves modeling the growth of Tetradesmus sp. in a laboratory batch culture chamber under red, blue and magenta lights at intensities of 1000 to 5000 lux as well as under artificial white light and sunlight (at natural intensities). The growth, which is determined by measuring the optical density at 680 nm, is found to be highest at 5000 lux with values of 0.997 (Magenta), 0.793 (blue) and 0.777 (red) which are compared to 0.799 (sunlight) and 0.815 (artificial white light). Furthermore, an empirical dynamic model is developed for the estimation of the microalgae growth and implemented with Matlab Simulink. The model is validated by calculating mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) and comparing the values with those of some existing (Logistic and Monod) models. The values of R are found to be 0.9834 (new model), 0.7119 (Logistic model) and 0.8177 (Monod model), showing that the new model has the highest correlation with the experimental data. Thus, the growth of microalgae (Tetradesmus sp.) is greatly enhanced by high intensity magenta light and is best described by the new empirical model.


The purpose of this study is describing the use of internet based resources method in teaching English listening skills for primary school students in Ban Raisooksan School, Loei, Thailand. In this research the researcher describes the activities of teaching English listening skills by using internet based resources method. The data resources are from teacher and students in Ban Raisooksan School, Loei, Thailand. The students are from 5th grade (P5 students) and the total of the students are 8 students. The data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews between teacher and students. The researcher go through six weekly listening activities using Internet based resources and assignments. Based on the study, this paper concludes that the use of internet based resources method would significantly improve the virtual teaching and learning. Through writing this article, the author hopes to improve the awareness of the internet based resources method by the teachers. The teachers will use the internet based resources method to carry on teaching in the classroom and help the students learn virtually.


In the steam flooding process, when steam injection rate is high, wellhead and bottom hole string pressure substantially increased, oil displacement effect is affected. The numerical simulation method was used to study the process of horizontal steam flooding steam injection rate, steam hold on horizontal liquid rate and the number of holes, pore size to wellhead and bottom-hole pressure and the influence of tubing string. The calculation results show that: the steam injection amount was larger, the more pressure on the bottom of the well and string; the pipe diameter holes on the quantity increased, and the bottom of the well and the smaller string pressure. Injecting steam with more liquid rate the higher pressure were on the bottom of the well and string. Only properly reduce steam injection rate and the liquid rate, holes quantity and holes were reduced .the inner diameter tubing stress and bottom holes dramatically risen could be effectively reduced. Key words: Horizontal well; Steam flooding; Numerical simulation; Pore size; Pressure drop


Even today, more than two hundred and thirty years after his death in Berlin, the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn (1729–1786) continues to challenge scholars of Jewish thought and history. In his lif...


had not found it very satisfactoxy for female patients owing to the difficulty of micturition. Mr. JAMES CARVER said that he had shown several cases of tuberculous epididymitis on whom he had done an epididymectomy, demonstrating that it was possible to get excellent healing and very seldom necessary to remove the testis at all. The psychical trauma resulting from removal of the testis was such that every effort should be made to avoid it. If the testis were involved slightly it might be curetted and the cavity treated with pure carbolic. There was no danger in cystoscopy in these cases nor in retrograde pyelography, if necessary, in renal tuberculosis. Dr. HURFORD said that before the war he had done a fiveyear follow-up on 85 cases of thoracoplasty and found 65% well and working. The best results were achieved by combined operations and sanatorium treatment both before and after the surgical intervention. Dr. SMITH pleaded for the use of the laryngeal swab on patients who were apparently sputum negative. In a series of 100 such cases 42 had positive laryngeal swabs. Dr. SNELL stressed the importance of bed rest. He had had very good results from strict bed rest, even for a year. The difficulty of carrying out bed rest strictly was much lessened if it was accepted as part of the routine of the hospital.


R(~ceived for /Juhiiration A /l.g;ust 10, 1967 Molasses formation from beet sugar liquors has had the attention of technologists for more than 100 years. Its formation in the factory is dependent on many factors but probably the most important variables are the effect of some non-sug-ars In decreasing the rate of crystallization and others in increasing the solubility of sucrose in the molasses solution. Since equilib rium between crystallized sugar and sugar in solution is not reached in industrial molasses because of the time necessary to reach this equilibrium, factory molasses contains more sug-ar than a completely exhausted molasses. Molasses in this paper refers to factory discard molasses. In an attempt to determine what chemical factors were re lated to variations in molasses purity a composition study was made of molasses produced in the different beet sugar areas of the United States. Samples were selected from straight house and Steffen factories and analyzed for a large number of com pounds and groups of compounds. The analytical methods used and the data obtained are presented in Part I of the paper while the statistical evaluation of the data is presented in Part II. Experimental Molasses sample'S were obtained during the' 1956 campaign from a cross sectIOn of the beet sugar producing areas of the Fnited States. Straight house samples were obtained from Bet teravia, Clarksburg and ;-vlanteca, California; Brighton, Eaton and Swink, Colorado; Rupert, Idaho; Carrollton, Michigan; Crookston and Moorhead, Minnesota; Sidney, :Montana; Fre mont, Ohio; Belle Fourche, South Dakota; v\'est Jordan, Ctah; Toppenish, Washington, and Green Bay, \Visconsin. Spring and fall campaign samples were obtained from Betteravia. Swink ordinarily operates as a Steff en house', but the sample included in this study was produced from Kansas beets while the factory was operating as a straight house. Steffen house samples were 1 Western R egional R esearch Labora to ry. Agricnltural R esearch Service. U. S. Depart


In this article, we study the perturbation influence on a parity-time (PT) optical resonator pair. Critical characteristics of this type of device, including the sensitivity, dynamic range, and robustness, are formulated and discussed systematically. Through the study of three operational phase regimes, the exceptional point (EP), the PT-symmetry, and symmetric broken phases, we find that the optimal range of the PT resonator pair prefers to be at the PT-broken phase regime near the EP state, considering both the robustness and sensitivity factors. Furthermore, we also find that the device's dynamic range is proportional to the temporal coupling coefficient κ and gain/loss coefficient γ, which means increasing the coupling and gain/loss coefficients will enable a broader dynamic response. Additionally, we further suggest that: (1) to enhance the sensitivity, γ should be no less than 0.94 κ; (2) to achieve a large gain factor of a ⩾ 2, γ must satisfy 0.995 κ ⩽ γ ⩽ 1.06 κ; and (3) to obtain a larger dynamic range, γ needs to be closer to κ. In particular, for γ = κ, i.e., the EP case, the largest dynamic range of ɛ ⩽ 0.24 κ is obtained.


Welfare economics and finance have each evolved their own equilibrium concepts. Inwelfare economics this is the concept of a competitive general equilibrium: in finance, it is theabsence of arbitrage opportunities. These concepts emerged independently and were initiallyseen as quite distinct. Each plays an absolutely central role in its field, both in the theory andin practical applications. In the 1980s researchers in both fields began to investigate theconnections between the two concepts. The first paper to address explicitly thearbitrage-equilibrium relationship was Kreps (1981): subsequently this issue was addressed byWerner (1987), Nielsen (1989) and Brown and Werner (1992). However, Hart's earlier paperon equilibrium in securities markets (1974) in fact contained many of the elements needed tounderstand the arbitrage-competitive equilibrium relationship. This was developed byHammond (1983) and Page (1987): Green (1973) covered related topics in a temporaryequilibrium framework. This work has established that for finite-dimensional choice spaces theabsence of arbitrage opportunities (a no-arbitrage condition) is sufficient for the existence of acompetitive equilibrium (Werner (1987)). Recently, Brown and Werner (1992) have extendedthis to infinite-dimensional choice spaces, though at the cost of a very strong assumption aboutthe structure of the Pareto frontier.Our paper extends this literature. We work with a weaker condition than no arbitrage,1


The process of missionization suposedly sought to eliminate native religious traaditions especially human sacrifice and idolatry. Inguisition procedings show much about religious practices in the colonial period. Indian governments revolved around ritual organization and consciously sought to maintain cultural patterns that provided communities with cohesion and an identity. During the four hundred years since the conquest there have been numerous european elements incorporated into indigenous traditions and many other elements have been lost, yet there remain numerous significant aspects of mesoameiican tradition, There is clear evidence of a continuity that has not been impeded by imposed changes in indigenous cultural traditions characteristic of Mesoamerica.


Traditional homogeneous catalysis applies catalysts based on organometallic complexes which are tuned by changing the metal and/or the ligands that are coordinated to it. Catalyst-substrate interactions which dictate the outcome of a reaction occur solely on the metal, i.e. the 'first coordination sphere'. Catalysts of nature, 'enzymes', serve as a source of inspiration due their inherently high activity and selectivity in selected catalytic transformations. The success of enzymes lies in their use of a larger toolbox to steer the outcome of reactions compared to traditional homogeneous catalysts. Confinement of the active site in a bulky second coordination sphere is key, resulting in a local microenvironment radically different from bulk solution. In this thesis, the effect of synthetic second coordination spheres on encapsulated rhodium-based catalysts and bio-inspired hydrogenase mimics is studied. Chapter 2 reports on the encapsulation of a rhodium complex in a supramolecular assembly, resulting in a catalyst that displays unprecedented branched selectivity in the hydroformylation of propene. Chapter 3 discusses the first example of substrate–selective hydroformylation of terminal alkenes by a rhodium catalyst encapsulated in a metal-organic cage. Chapter 4 elaborates on the design of a biomimetic and fully base–metal photocatalytic system for photocatalytic proton reduction. Chapter 5 reports a new tetrahedral porphyrin–based M4L6 cage that selectively encapsulates an iron-iron hydrogenase mimic and thereby decreases its catalytic overpotential by 150 mV. Chapter 6 shows the design and synthesis of a novel supramolecular cage-based functional rotaxane.


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) outcomes have significantly improved with the treat-to-target paradigm, however, this necessitates intensive monitoring. Demand outstrips capacity in rheumatology services, making Mobile Health (mHealth) an attractive prospect. However, software developers often design without understanding the needs of ultimate users, solving non-existent problems. EULAR's 'Points to Consider' for remote care specifies that interventions "should be developed in collaboration with all stakeholders including the healthcare team … and people with RMDs" as an overarching principle. This study sought to understand the barriers to end-users utilising technology within RA care.

 Questionnaires were devised collaboratively between Rheumatologists and Computer scientists, informed by discussions with an RA patient group. Patients >18 with a diagnosis of RA completed paper surveys (utilising likert scales, ranking preferences, and tick-box answers) whilst awaiting appointments at Mile End Hospital (Barts Health NHS Trust). Clinicians were recruited to complete an online survey via mailing lists from multiple centres across London & South-East England, from October 2019-March 2020. The study was registered (CMPS ID [43816]). Ethical approval was obtained through the Bloomsbury Research and Ethics Committee (19/LO/1345). This work forms part of a larger mixed-methods study funded by the PAMBAYESIAN project grant.

 109 people with RA returned paper questionnaires, 41 clinicians completed the online survey. Most used technology daily (87.2% patients; 100% clinicians), but few used RA apps (75.3% patients never used). Whilst clinician use was higher (54.8%), only 2/31 (6.4%) recommended Rheumatology apps to patients. People with RA were willing to share & record monitoring data, with only 8.3% unwilling to share via technology, 53.8% preferring monthly submissions. Clinical data, e.g. pain scores & joint counts, was preferred to sharing personal data. Sharing with clinicians was preferred to self-monitoring. 83.9% clinicians responded positively to using technology, but cited NHS technical capabilities, cost, need for clinical trials, and concerns for data saturation as the most significant barriers.

 In spite of reasonable tech-literacy, willing to use, and many existing apps, people with RA and their clinicians do not utilise technology in RA care. Clinicians identified data saturation and insufficient evidence as barriers, in addition to systemic healthcare system barriers.
 Disclosure
 A. MacBrayne: None. H. Soyel: None. W. Marsh: None. N. Fenton: None. C. Pitzalis: None. P. Curzon: None. F. Humby: None.


RESPONSE: We chose 'cryptotephra' as it is an existing term that is used by the tephrochronology community. We also felt that it was more descriptive than 'very fine ash', which has been defined differently by a number of different workers. Cryptotephra refers to tephra from deposits that are too thin to recognise with the naked eye. For this reason, we refer to airborne particles as 'cryptotephrasized'. I we have clarified the definition of 'tephra' and 'cryptotephra' in the introductory sections 1 and 1.1.


This study explores the reporting of personal values in a sample of German participants through means of a questionnaire using open questions. The sample consisted of a total of 255 participants (60% female and 40% male) with an age range of between 18 and 100 years old. The participants indicated their personal values openly and in order of priority. The results showed that participants primarily considered personal values to be those related to basic life concerns (e.g. family, friendship, health) and to social relations (e.g. honesty, reliability, empathy). A significant trend was found among middle-age participants (31-60 years old) to report values of a political-social nature, whilst older generations (61+ years old) tended to give less importance to values related to social relations. The results were discussed making reference to the socio-cultural change related to post-modernism and were compared and contrasted with the results of major value surveys obtained in sociological studies.


The study of chemical characteristics and sensory evaluation of local rice (Oryza sativa L.) M5 from Aceh Province was carried out. The aim of the study was to determine the chemical characteristics and sensory evaluation of local rice M5 from Aceh Province. The results showed that Aceh local rice M5 had a very significant effect on amylose content, amylopectin content and starch content. The local rice M5 with amylose content were: first elder Sanbei rice, USK-Snb-RGO-S-84 rice, USK-Snb-RGO-CKU-6 rice, USK-Snb-RGO-S-97 rice and USK-Snb-RGO-4F1-B rice. A better amylopectin content was obtained at USK-Snb-RGO-4F1-B rice (53.49%) and had significantly different from the other rice. Whereas a better starch content was obtained at USK-Snb-RGO-4F1-B (72.23%) and had significantly different from all other rice. While the color test for Aceh local rice M5 showed that the value of L and a had a very significant effect while the value of b had not significant. The average L value obtained by Aceh local rice M5 is 112.36-124.82, while the a value obtained is 1.01-2.02 and the resulting b value is 14.17 - 19.71. The sensory evaluation of local rice M5 showed a very significant effect on the attributes of aroma, color, texture, shape and overall acceptance.


This paper studies the consensus problem for high-order multi-agent systems with constant communication delay. Under the assumption that the delay is known and the agent dynamics has unstable poles, an allowable delay bound for consensus is provided. The key technique is the adoption of the unique positive solution of a parametric algebra Riccati equation(ARE) in designing the control gain. Finally, a numerical example is given to show the validity of the theoretical results.


Four sampling methods of cold pad-batch dyeing in laboratory were introduced,such as batching-up at room temperature,batching at oven,spreading at oven,and microwave oven. The processing condition of various sampling methods was optimized so as to improve the coincidence rate. The results showed that the method of batching at oven was suitable for production,featured higher coincidence rate and better reproducibility,or mid-sampling with the method of batching-up at room temperature could further increase the coincidence rate.


during days 7 to 14 versus progeny of GLN-fed sows. Small intestine length measured on day 3 was not affected (P > 0.23) by sow diet or injection type. Pigs injected with LPS had reduced (P < 0.01) small intestine empty weight. Progeny from sows that consumed CON had 10% greater empty weight on day 7 compared to progeny from sows fed GLN. Pigs injected with LPS had reduced (P < 0.01) small intestine weights on day 7 compared to pigs injected with SAL. Lipopoly-sacharride challenge reduced (P < 0.01) duodenum villus height. However, progeny of sows that consumed GLN had 12% greater (P < 0.05) villus height on day 3 compared to progeny of sows fed CON. Duodenum villus height on day 7 was similar in progeny from sows fed GLN and injected with SAL; whereas, progeny from sows fed GLN injected with SAL had reduced villus height (Diet × LPS, P < 0.05). Collectively, these data suggest that dietary glutamine increases sow milk glutamine concentration, but does not positively influence progeny growth performance during lactation or immediately following weaning during an immune challenge.


Research method used is model of research of class action ( PTK) with aim to to look for the trouble-shooting practically orienting at action. Where each;every sikuls consisted of by 4 phase that is (1) planning phase, (2) action Phase, (3) observation Phase, (4) phase refleksi to form of game tarsan (target goals) to student of class of V of Elementary School Country 3 Lebak. Data collecting by using kuesioner obtained from evaluation of Study expert, Cycle I (30 student of Class of V SD Country 3 Lebak), and Cycle II ( 30 student of Class of V SD Country 3 Lebak). Data in the form of research result regarding the quality of product, suggestion for the repair of product, and result of admission filling kuesioner by student. Technics analyse the data used is descriptive presentase to express the aspect psikomotorik, cognate, and afectiv student. Result of obtainable Research of data from result learn or complete learn the student of equal to 64,00% (enough) at cycle I and 86,67 % (good) of Cycle II, data evaluate the assessment of study expert at Cycle I of equal to 43,50 % (enough) of while Cycle II obtained result 84,00 % (good) while result of admission filling of kuesioner student at cycle I equal to 57,33 % (enough) while at cycle II equal to 87,33 % (good). From data of result of research above inferential that elementary motion study weight throw the game tarsan ( target goals) to student of class of V of Elementary School  Country 3 Lebak of Sub-Province Jepara with the good result.


The mission of the International Association of Student Affairs and Services (IASAS) is to serve "as a global advocate for students in higher education, student affairs and services practitioners, and the profession itself" (IASAS, 2017, para 3). It seems appropriate that the special edition of JSAA focuses on issues and challenges in student affairs and services around the world.


Objetive The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of coumarins from cortex daphnes (CCD) in a microemulsion (ME) gel transdermal delivery system with a newly developed HPLC method. Methods The pharmacokinetics of the microemulsion containing CCD was studied in rabbits with the established HPLC method. Results The results showed that among the three index compounds of CCD, the daphnin and daphne-8-O-β-D-glucoside from ME gel presented significant higher AUC(0-∞) and Cmax compared to the conventional preparation (CP), while daphnetin showed similar AUC(0-∞) and higher Cmax compared to the latter. Conclusion Hence, the established HPLC method was suitable to analyze the CCD components in ME and the ME gel could be a promising transdermal delivery system for CCD. Keywords-coumarins; Cortex daphnes; microemulsion; pharmacokinetic; transdermal delivery


The aim of this paper is to show why the neo-Pythagorean claims concerning musical structure are out-of-date and require the incorporation of contemporary psychological knowledge. The neo-Pythagorean view of musical structure has been analyzed and confronted with the contemporary neuropsychological view of music perception. It has been also suggested that musical intervals exist solely in human brains as a kind of interpretation of acoustic sounds. These sounds can be interpreted differently depending on many factors, which the popular speech-to-song illusion clearly illustrates. Another example of neo-Pythagorean ideas about musical structure that need psychological knowledge is tonal hierarchy, which also exists solely in human brains. Therefore, the popular musicological description of musical intervals in terms of mathematical proportions is misleading. It has been proposed that current musicological theories should always be confronted and consistent with contemporary psychological knowledge. This implies closer cooperation between musicology and the psychology of music.


Technology intermediary have played an important role in many aspects such as impelling development of technology,promoting technology demand of society and quickening production transform of technology.Technology intermediary is the mighty way and important tache of promoting development transition of national economy and upgrading capability of national independent innovation ability.Consequently,it is a subject having important realistic meaning that exploring countermeasure of promoting and quickening development of technology intermediary.


The utility model relates to a simple level measurer, particularly a level measurer which is used for measuring level lines or vertical lines on construction sites and projects level mark lines or vertical mark lines in a laser mode. The simple level measurer comprises a body, four laser modules and a level device, and is mainly characterized in that the four laser modules are arranged in the body and are spaced for ninety degrees to arrange. The front ends of the laser modules are respectively provided with an imaging eyeglass. In this way, the simple level measurer can emit a cruciform laser mark line or a linear laser mark line around, can simultaneously measure in a multi-azimuth mode, have convenient use, does not need to be provided with a motor, can reduce the cost, and projects accurate laser mark lines.


Ag nanoparticles were prepared via electrochemical route by using silver as sacrificial anode in choline chloride based ionic liquid.The as-prepared Ag nanoparticles were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,thermal analysis,and Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry.Results indicate that the as-prepared Ag nanoparticles with a size of about 60 nm are spherical-shaped and have cubic crystalline structure.The ionic liquid as the electrolyte and solvent also functions as a dispersant and stabilizer to prevent the reunion and surface oxidation of the Ag nanoparticles.


Summary 1. Selection drives evolutionary changes but is often difficult to quantify and tightly link to phenotypic trait distributions in wild populations. 2. Sampling a single population of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) for over a decade, we calculated the expected spawning success for females resulting from: (i) increased fecundity with body length, (ii) the mortality cost of prolonged marine residency necessary to achieve large size, (iii) size-selective natural mortality on the spawning grounds from biotic (bear and gull predation) and abiotic (stranding) processes and (iv) exploitation by a size-selective commercial fishery. We quantified the size-specific probability of different modes of death and the resultant potential for successful spawning, and then modelled the theoretical relationship between female length and fitness (spawning success) in the population. 3. This optimal distribution closely matched the observed length distribution of the focal population, when removals by the size-selective commercial fishery were included. We then used a likelihood-based approach to compare competing model predictions to length distributions from other populations in the watershed with different levels of size-selective freshwater mortality, as determined by the physical characteristics of the spawning grounds. 4. This study provides a quantitative framework for assessing female spawning success in wild populations, as represented by the expected number of eggs deposited per spawning female. These results advance previous analyses of natural selection in that predictions for phenotypic distributions were generated and then compared to those observed in situ, rather than assuming the adaptive nature of observed distributions.


It is desirable that planetariums in developing countries should make the maximum and most efficient use of the planetarium infrastructure and facilities to cover as much ground as possible in the popularization and dissemination of astronomy. After all, the number of planetariums in developing countries necessarily has to be small, and so specialization in specific disciplines or fields becomes a luxury. In India, for example, there are about ten planetariums, and another five or six will come into operation in the next few years. But these planetariums have to cater to a large population. In the U.S.A., which has a fraction of India's population, on the other hand, there are hundreds of planetariums. The following suggestions are based on successfully implemented projects at the B.M. Birla Planetarium, Hyderabad. A golden rule for planetarium programs anywhere, and certainly in developing countries, is to start a planetarium sky show or activity with a local flair. For example, the local names of stars and constellations, local myths, local astronomers or, more specifically, topics like the history of astronomy in the region should be highlighted.


Nonlinear Rayleigh wave beams in isotropic solids are investigated analytically and numerically. Diffraction effects are taken into account within the parabolic approximation, and nonlinearity is taken into account with a theoretical model used previously to investigate plane and cylindrical Rayleigh waves of finite amplitude [Zabolotskaya, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91, 2569–2575 (1992)]. The model equation is expressed in both and time and frequency domains. Quasilinear solutions are presented for second harmonic generation in Gaussian beams, both unfocused and focused. Asymptotic formulas are presented for the second harmonic component in the far field of an arbitrary directive source. Waveform distortion and shock formation are described with numerical solutions for radiation from a source having a uniform amplitude distribution. The numerical results characterize both the near‐field and far‐field regions of the beam. Numerical results for radiation from uniform sources were presented earlier at 13th ISNA in...


Abstract : Sonic boom noise from overwater supersonic aircraft operations penetrates into the water. The present work developed an algorithm to simulate this penetrating sonic boom noise for realistically shaped sonic booms, predictions previously unavailable. The new algorithm assumes that the water surface is fairly flat and that the water is deep enough so that bottom reflections can be ignored. The algorithm was used to model the underwater sonic boom noise for the cases of incident sonic boom waves distorted by atmospheric effects and by common aircraft maneuvers. It was found that certain aircraft maneuvers and atmospheric effects can increase the penetration of the sonic boom noise, while others decrease it.


Abstract Background: The efficacy of various combinations of total, free and complexed prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels were assessed to predict the pathologic stage of prostate cancer.


According to the United Nations Development Program, the Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals projects by 2030 is improving human well-being over the world by eliminating poverty, creating gender equality, preserving the environment, helping shared growth, as well as involving people at the core of the sustainable development Agenda. Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is in a fragile state where its legitimacy is threatened by the war in the east of the country, the destruction of social capital and social cohesion as well as the severe economic challenges which have been amplified with the political context. Nationally, this Agenda constitutes a real opportunity to accelerate the implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the fields of health, education and public services in this country. This article shows how to turn the ICTs adapted for DRC into business opportunities and how various types of entrepreneurship can be implemented at the local and national levels, with a particular focus on medical drones. The article also proposes the guidelines to be followed for the success of such experiences both in the private and public sectors, as well as in international partnerships between developed, emerging and developing countries.


Evaluation of the possibility of substitution of steel part in the car body by the one made of AZ31 alloy was the objective of the paper. Bracket in the support of the steering wheel was selected for the analysis. Two criteria were selected to evaluate the possibility of using the Mg alloy part: i) stiffness of this part cannot be lower than that of the steel part, ii) Manufacturing of the part has to be possible. The objective of the research was a design of the shape of the bracket, that meets assumed criteria including manufacturing and assembly possibilities. The optimization task was formulated to reach this objective. Maximum stiffness of the part was the objective function and technological limitations were the constraints. Dimensions of the bracket were the optimization variables. Optimal shape was designed and numerical simulations were performed to evaluate possibility of stamping of this part. Simulations have shown that the decrease of the thickness is within of acceptable limits and that the strains are below the limiting strains. Thus, proposition of the shape of the magnesium alloy bracket, which can be safely manufactured by stamping, is the main output of the paper.


The characteristic and significance of conceptual design are analyzed. And it has pointed that the reasonable choice of design tools is the key to improve the efficiency and quality of product development. As the typical design tools, Pro/Innovator and SolidWorks are introduced in this paper. Finally, the effect of those two design tools is illustrated by engineering instance.


Since China's entry into the WTO, it has become an arduous and complex long-time systematic project to realize the goals of perfecting the social credit system of modern market economy put forward; to create a better environment of honesty and credit and to develop the rural economic development by putting it into international economic competition. The realization of those goals calls for our joint effort, our own practice and participation. Only in this way will the construction of honesty and credit system and the rural economic development keep pace with the times.


In this essay, Floyd-Wilson argues that when Macbeth calls the English "epicures," he invokes an ethnological discourse articulated in William Harrison's Description of Scotland and derived from the Scots translation of Hector Boece, which maintains that when Malcolm Canmore took the throne, the influx of English immigrants corrupted the Scots, formerly temperate in mind and body. In depicting the period immediately preceding this transformation, Shakespeare inverts the Scottish narrative of degeneration by presenting the ancient Scots—the Macbeths—as anything but temperate. But Shakespeare also moves the question of ancient Scottish temperance beyond the more typical realm of Galenic non-naturals into an environment saturated with demonic spirits. The witches and evil spirits in Macbeth are predominantly elemental in nature, marking them as indigenously northern. Consequently, the Macbeths' native environment may predispose them to a corruption more dangerous than English manners and foreign dishes. The play's supernatural ecology rests on analogous conceptions of somatic vulnerability and material influence that characterize the period's ethnological distinctions.


Abstract Aim: The aim of this paper was to examine if among alcohol dependent subjects hope is positively related to mental health. Additional aim was to verify if length of abstinence and involvement in Alcoholics Anonymous are important factors for mental health and hope. Method: The sample consisted of 115 dependent subjects participating in Alcoholics Anonymous from Wielkopolska. The following tools were used: Herth Hope Scale (HHS), tree scales being indicators of mental health: level of stress, evaluation of life up to now and subjective mental health as well as two one item scales regarding length of abstinence and length of being in Alcoholics Anonymous. Results: Noticed positive correlation between hope and evaluation of life up to now as well as negative correlation between hope and level of stress. Length of abstinence and length of being in Alcoholics Anonymous negatively related to level of stress. Length of abstinence correlated positively with subjective evaluation of mental health. Conclusion: Hope is an relevant factor for mental health of Alcoholics Anonymous. Higher level of hope is positively related to evaluation of live. Additionally hope the same as length of abstinence and length of being in Alcoholics Anonymous were buffer the stress level. Participating in Alcoholics Anonymous is related to better evaluation of mental health.


We consider the task of interorganizational data sharing, in which data owners, data clients, and data subjects have different and sometimes competing privacy concerns. One real-world scenario in which this problem arises concerns law-enforcement use of phone-call metadata: The data owner is a phone company, the data clients are law-enforcement agencies, and the data subjects are individuals who make phone calls. A key challenge in this type of scenario is that each organization uses its own set of proprietary intraorganizational attributes to describe the shared data; such attributes cannot be shared with other organizations. Moreover, data-access policies are determined by multiple parties and may be specified using attributes that are not directly comparable with the ones used by the owner to specify the data. We propose a system architecture and a suite of protocols that facilitate dynamic and efficient interorganizational data sharing, while allowing each party to use its own set of proprietary attributes to describe the shared data and preserving the confidentiality of both data records and proprietary intraorganizational attributes. We introduce the novel technique of Attribute-Based Encryption with Oblivious Attribute Translation (OTABE), which plays a crucial role in our solution. This extension of attribute-based encryption uses semi-trusted proxies to enable dynamic and oblivious translation between proprietary attributes that belong to different organizations; it supports hidden access policies, direct revocation, and fine-grained, data-centric keys and queries. We prove that our OTABE-based framework is secure in the standard model and provide two real-world use cases.


The aim of the research was to establish the influence of the black mottled breed of cows com-pared to the Simmental breed on the properties of milk, the quality and yield of soft cheese made using home technology. The milk of the Simmental breed of cows is less dense, more fatty, con-tains 2.4 times fewer somatic cells, has a lower pH value, contains more organic acids when fer-mented and gives 4.43 % more cottage cheese than the milk of cross-breed animals (simmental x black-and-white breeds). Cheese according to home technology from the milk of both breeds of cows is soft, fatty and meets the requirements of state standard R 52686-2006. Cheese according to home technology from the milk of the Simmental breed has a yield of 1.7 % more, the humidity is 2.9 % less and is more saturated with lactic acid than cheese from the milk of mixed animals (simmental x black-and-white breeds).


Crop yield in rainfed agriculture is directly influenced by rainfall patterns, which vary from one growing season to another. The failure or success of such crops can depend on the amount and distribution of the rainfall and, particularly, on the occurrence of dry- and wet-spells during the growing season. The aim of this study was to investigate the initial and conditional probabilities of dry-spell pentads using the Markov chain model in the western maize-growing region of South Africa, as well as to determine the direction and magnitude of dry-spell trends using the Mann–Kendal monotonic trend test and Sen's slope estimator. The results revealed that all the rainfall districts are affected by dry-spells during the mid-January-to-end-of-February period. This finding is significant because maize is usually planted during late November to late December in this region, and dry-spells may coincide with the flowering stage of the maize crop. When dry-spells occur during the flowering stage of maize, they significantly affect yield. The Mann–Kendal analysis revealed that most of the districts (7 out of 11 districts) have a decreasing trend in dry-spell occurrences except for districts 86, 87, 91 and 93. However, the decreasing trend is statistically insignificant in all the rainfall districts, and, thus, this reveals that there is no change or there is a minor change in dry-spell occurrence across all the districts. Furthermore, Sen's slope estimator signalled a decrease in dry-spell magnitude or occurrence over the study period. Information from this study will inform farmers of the various districts regarding changes in their particular risk profile for dry-spells.


The international migration of highly skilled labor was formerly a threat to the underdeveloped world with regard to indigenous innovation capacity. However, certain countries have successfully turned "brain drain" into "brain gain" by effective engagement with a skilled diaspora who have returned to set up business ventures in the homeland. This article advocates an entrepreneurial approach to the development of national innovation capacity through contemporary diasporic entrepreneurship (CDE). Drawing evidence mostly from China, the article argues that (1) CDE offers an alternative to conventional indigenously and internationally oriented approaches toward innovation capacity development; (2) compared to other ways of diaspora homeland engagement, CDE is most beneficial to capacity development; and (3) besides participating in philanthropic and scientific projects, a skilled diaspora returning as private business owners represents an often more productive way of contributing to national capacity development. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


This study explored the mechanism through which chief executive officers' (CEOs) servant leadership style affects team project performance. We established a multilevel mechanism through which servant leadership exerts an indirect influence on team performance via team goal clarity and
 team process clarity. Participants comprised 100 CEOs matched with 572 middle managers, working at intelligence intensive companies. Our results show that CEOs' servant leadership, through its effect on team goal clarity, team process clarity, and team knowledge creation, had an indirect influence
 on team project performance. Thus, leadership selection and training programs should be developed for CEOs, and top leaders should stimulate employees' understanding of team goals and work processes.


Both authors have taught courses at Bentley University in which they require students to do work in R (R Core Team 2016) using RStudio (RStudio Team 2015) and RMarkdown (Allaire, Cheng, Xie, McPherson, Chang, Allen, Wickham, Atkins, and Hyndman 2016). For Dr. Oury, this has included graduate-level courses in data mining, data science, and machine learning. For Dr. Carter, it includes a single undergraduate course in discrete mathematics. In these courses, many of the homework assignments, handouts, slides, and projects are given to students in RMarkdown format. Students are expected to submit work in the same format. This paper introduces a new RStudio addin, called "Simple Course Management System," that facilitates the exchange, grading, and real-time supervision of student work in RStudio. It also discusses the results of using the addin in a course in Fall 2016, and suggests future extensions.


An account of the detrimental effects of consumption and consumer behaviour on the world's natural environment. It discusses the use of resources, pollution, and the distortions created in the economies of both wealthy industrialized nations and Third World countries.


In longitudinal data, the interest often lies in the repeatedly measured variable itself. However, in some situations, the changing pattern of the variable over time may contain information about a separate outcome variable. In such a situation, longitudinal data provide the opportunity to develop predictive models of subsequent observations of the separate outcome variable given current data for an individual. In particular, longitudinally changing patterns of repeated measurements of a variable, or trajectories, measured up to time t can be used to predict an outcome measure or event that occurs after time t. We propose a predictive model based on latent classes of trajectories, which is fitted using the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, and show how to get model estimates with other covariates in the model. Applications of our methodology are demonstrated through an example of a smoking cessation trial.


ABSTRACT Recently, we interrogated public microarray databases with regard to the expression patterns of metagenes corresponding to major immune cell subtypes present in malignant tumors. This analysis, which involved approximately 3,500 tumor samples, revealed organ-specific differences in the composition of the immune infiltrate as well as in the correlation among distinct cell-type specific metagenes, reflecting changes in the functional organization of the anticancer immune response.


Objective To explore the significance of D-dimer for diagnosing and treating the acute leukemia and cerebral nervous system leukemia.Methods Levels of D-dimer in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) of 54 patients with acute leukemia were determined by ELISA (enzyme linked immunosobent assay). The dynamic changes were observed during chemotherapy in 22 patients accompanied by central nervous system leukemia(CNSL). Results CSF D-dimer levels in CNSL group were statistically different from those of the control group and Non CNSL groups. After therapy, when obtaining complete remission (CR), the CSF D-dimer was significantly decreased. In two cases of CNSL who had no CR, and their CSF D-dimer levels remained unchanged. The CSF D-dimer levels were significantly elevated when relapsed. One case showed that the increase of CSF D-dimer occuredearlier than the biochemical changes of CSF and the onset of clinical sympotoms.There were no significant correlations between CSF D-dimer and pressure, protein, leukocyte in CSF of those patients with CNSL. Conclusion Above data suggest that the measurement of D-dimers in CSF may be useful in early diagnosing CNSL and in monitoring intrathecal therapy in patients with CNSL.


Pharmacotherapy is the most frequently used form of treatment intervention. The benefits of the therapy need to be weighed carefully against its risks, as drugs also cause up to 25% of all emergency department visits. Preventable inappropriate prescribing and medication errors, including the patient's own mishandling, manifest in drug therapy failures and adverse drug events, which subsequently may generate costly hospitalisations. Of the adult Swiss population aged over 65 years, 21% are prescribed a potentially inappropriate medication. Within this setting, medication reviews are a method of assessing the patient's drug regimen regarding its appropriateness and the patient's preferences in order to address inappropriate prescribing and prevent medication errors. Medication reviews reduce the number of drug-related problems (DRPs) and decrease drug-related emergency department visits as well as hospital length of stay. But medication reviews are a time-consuming intervention. In a country like Switzerland, where 35.9 full-time equivalents of clinical pharmacists should promote safe, economic, and appropriate medicinal therapies for 1.4 million hospitalisations per year, there is a demand for risk stratification and patient prioritisation. Newly developed algorithms that generate alerts for clinical pharmacists on pooled electronic data, however, do not take into account the patient-centred causes of DRPs. The Drug-Associated Risk Tool (DART) was developed to identify hospitalised patients at greater risk of DRPs and in need of clinical pharmacy services, i.e. medication reviews. As a self-administered questionnaire for patients, the screening tool assesses items concerning the patients' medical information in combination with their opinions and concerns about the pharmacotherapy whilst not increasing the workload of any caregiver.
In this thesis, the DART was validated regarding its ability to discriminate between patients with lower and higher numbers of DRPs. Issues concerning the patients' current pharmacotherapy were identified with a medication review with pooled data on drug regimens, diagnoses, laboratory values, and structured patient interviews. The medication reviews combined implicit and explicit criteria of inappropriate prescribing to balance the benefits and drawbacks of each approach. This thesis looked into the performance of the criteria used and reports on the number of DRPs identified with each method. The structured patient interview was newly developed by combining a remunerated public pharmacy interview on adherence with questions on concerns about the medication. This thesis describes the benefits of the patient interview by presenting the type of DRPs identified and weighs it against the additional clinical pharmacy resource requirements. The DART validation study also necessitated the use of a tool to estimate the potential relevance of pharmacists' interventions. With the translation and subsequent reliability testing of the French tool CLEO, this thesis reports on the performance of a validated German version. CLEOde may help German-speaking pharmacists to estimate the potential relevance of their own interventions in three distinct dimensions: Patient-centred clinical, cost-focusing economic, and institution-based organisational. The study focused on interrater and test–retest reliability of CLEOde and presented an overview of clinical pharmacists' activity within three Swiss-German hospitals. This thesis also critically evaluated the performance of another tool for risk stratification and patient prioritisation concerning one specific drug-related problem: The RISQ-PATH score and its ability to predict drug-induced QT-prolongation and heart arrhythmias.
The thesis encompassed the execution of medication reviews, including patient interviews, for 110 geriatric patients within a study period of 10 months, identifying 595 DRPs estimated to be of minor to lifesaving relevance. The performed patient interviews identified over one third of all DRPs with insufficient patient knowledge and incomplete patient documentation as most the prominent and not otherwise identifiable causes. This thesis reports an average time of 16.6 minutes needed for the individual structured patient interviews. The ability of the DART to distinguish between patients with low and high numbers of current DRPs was demonstrated: Cluster analysis and subsequent discriminant function analysis allowed for an item reduction to five questions associated with the number of DRPs. These questions allow targeting patients who would benefit most from direct engagement and bedside interventions. CLEOde was used by 10 clinical pharmacists working in three hospitals during 13 days of routine clinical pharmacy services to estimate the relevance of 324 performed pharmacists' interventions. The use of CLEOde was seen as appropriate, acceptable, feasible, and precise. Statistical analysis showed good interrater reliability and excellent test–retest reliability for the clinical and economic dimension, whereas the organisational dimension achieved poor interrater and fair test–retest reliability. By critically examining the association between the RISQ-PATH scores and the measured QTc intervals, we identified an already previously present prolonged QTc interval as moderating variable, necessitating subgroup generation for score interpretation. These results also allowed this thesis to articulate a simple code of practice when handling drugs with the potential to prolong the QTc interval.
This thesis, entitled "Drug-Related Problems: Assessments of Risk and Relevance," presents a validated self-administered patient questionnaire to stratify for drug-related risk, a validated assessment to estimate the relevance of drug-related problems, a structured patient interview to identify issues on drug-related adherence, handling, and concerns, and a valid score to detect patients at risk of drug-induced QT-prolongation.


The invention and the transmission power control field for transmitting transmit power control command for controlling reverse transmission power, and the transport format combination indicator field for transmitting a transport format combination indicator indicating the transport format combination of the channel currently being transmitted, to transmit a pilot downlink dedicated physical control channel comprises a pilot field, and, in the first data field and the second code division multiple access communication system having a downlink dedicated physical channel comprising a forward dedicated physical data channel containing the data field to transmit the forward data If enhanced data received via the uplink dedicated data channel has been received normally if (ACK) information for the first data field of the abnormal reception when generating a negative recognition (NACK) information, and the downlink dedicated physical data channel and the second in the randomly determined position of the data field, ACK or NACK information It punctures bits that correspond to the insert and transmits the ACK information or NACK information to the perforated position. EUDCH, DL DPCH, perforated controller, a perforator, ACK information, NACK information


PurposeThis study examines the relationship between oil price uncertainty (OPU) and corporate inventory investments using a sample of 6,072 USA manufacturing firms from 1992 to 2019.Design/methodology/approachThe author's study employs a panel dataset to examine the relationship between OPU and corporate inventory investments. The author uses several alternative specifications such as fixed effects models, an instrumental variable analysis, an impact threshold for confounding variable (ITCV) analysis, alternative measures, additional control variables and the percent bias analysis to account for endogeneity issues.FindingsCorporate inventory investments decrease in response to high OPU. This decrease in inventory investments happens regardless of firms' expected stockout costs, information environment and reliance on external financing. As a potential mechanism, an uncertainty-induced increase in cash holdings contributes to this reduction in inventory investments. Also, the effect of OPU is non-linear and asymmetric. In response to the volatility of positive (negative) oil price changes, inventory investments decrease (increase) up to a certain point and increase (decrease) after that. Further, uncertainty-induced adjustments in inventory investments positively influence the operating performance of firms.Originality/valueThe author's study adds to the growing literature that examines the impact of OPU on corporate outcomes. Inventory investments directly affect business operations and could better reflect firms' responses to an uncertain environment.


On the basis of blast furnace operation data of PJSC "MK "Azovstal", an information system has been developed, which is based on mathematical models of material and heat balances of blast furnace smelting developed at the Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The calculation of the material balance is carried out according to the "accounting system" of V. P. Izhevskii. The thermal energy model of I. D. Semikin is used to calculate the heat balance, which was developed for use in blast furnace production by O. V. Borodulin. The article describes the information system of calculating mathematical models. The information system allows you to calculate balances in automatic mode (collection of data from automatic control system of technological process (ACS TP) and calculation of material and heat balances for the selected period) and in manual mode (calculation of forecast periods to determine reserves for increasing the energy efficiency of blast furnace smelting). The models were adapted by calculating the material and heat balances of blast furnace melting and determining the inconsistencies. Monthly calculations of the material and heat balances of the blast furnaces were performed to adapt the models installed in the ACS TP of the blast furnace workshop of PJSC "MK "Azovstal". Inconsistencies in the overall material balances of the furnaces (the difference between the total input of materials into the furnace and smelting products) and by components (iron, carbon, etc.) were determined. It was established that when using the estimated amount of blast furnace dust at all blast furnaces of PJSC "MK "Azovstal", the amount of discrepancy between the arrival and consumption of materials lies within the credible range of error (<1,5%). Using the results of the calculation of heat balances, a comparison of the Inconsistencies of the blast furnaces was made (the ratio of the calculated indicators to the actual ones). Mathematical models of balances were implemented as part of the ACS TP of the blast furnace workshop of PJSC "MK "Azovstal" and were used to assess deviations from production norms, consumption of coke and conventional fuel, as well as forecast the possibility of improving the technical and economic indicators of smelting.


Relaxation of a stationarily flowing jet-like plasma, which penetrates into a neutral gas with temperature and kinetic energy much lower than the ionization potential, is investigated experimentally by measuring spatial distributions of hydrodynamic quantities such as plasma flow velocity, electron temperature and density in the plasma-neutral gas interaction zone. The experimental results agree with calculations. The particle, momentum and energy conservations of the plasma in the interaction zone are dominated by diffusion, ion elastic collision with neutral atoms and ionization, respectively.


This paper presents a novel multi-modal sabotage attack detection system for Additive Manufacturing (AM) machines. By utilizing multiple side-channels, we improve system state estimation significantly in comparison to uni-modal techniques. Besides, we analyze the value of each side-channel for performing attack detection in terms of mutual information shared with the machine control parameters. We evaluate our system on real-world test cases and achieve an attack detection accuracy of 98.15%. AM, or 3D Printing, is seeing practical use for the rapid prototyping and production of industrial parts. The digitization of such systems not only makes AM a crucial technology in Industry 4.0 but also presents a broad attack surface that is vulnerable to kinetic cyberattacks. In the field of AM security, sabotage attacks are cyberattacks that introduce inconspicuous defects to a manufactured component at any specific process of the AM digital process chain, resulting in the compromise of the component's structural integrity and load-bearing capabilities. Defense mechanisms that detect such attacks using side-channel analysis have been studied. However, most current works focus on modeling the state of AM systems using a single side-channel, thus limiting their effectiveness at attack detection. In this paper, we demonstrate the value of a multi-modal sabotage attack detection system in comparison to uni-modal techniques.


There are 195 vertebrate species occurring in mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) infested areas in interior British Columbia that will likely be impacted by beetle control measures. The effects of these measures on wildlife will depend on whether they increase or decrease the availability of critical habitat attributes such as large trees, dead and dying trees, down wood, shrubby undergrowth, continuous canopy cover, and deciduous trees. Shifting the forest age class distribution to early seral stages to reduce landscape susceptibility to mountain pine beetle attack will harm many wildlife species that are dependent on mature forest conditions, but will benefi t the few species that thrive in more open habitats. In contrast, the conversion of lodgepole pine forests to non-pine tree species, and fall and burn treatments, should have relatively minor impacts. The effects of many beetle control measures on wildlife will devolve to the effects of tree retention level on wildlife. Manipulating the tree retention level, and the size, location and dispersion pattern of residual trees and tree patches can signifi cantly advance wildlife management goals. We conclude this paper by suggesting potential approaches to integrating mountain pine beetle control with wildlife and sustainable management objectives.


Leaves of black pepper with mosaic symptoms collected from Yunnan province were determined for virus type,and cucumber mosaic virus( CMV) was detected by using the double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription PCR( RT-PCR). CMV isolated from infected black pepper was named CMV-YNP. The cDNA fragment of the coat protein( CP) gene of the isolate was obtained by RT-PCR,and it was 657 bp in length. Sequence analysis indicated that CMV-YNP and other CMV strains isolated from black pepper growing in different regions belonged to CMV subgroup IB,but there were great differences in nucleotide sequence of cp gene. The nucleotide identities of cp genes of these CMV strains isolated from black pepper growing in different regions were only 92% to 94%.


From a view anchored in the present, the authoress analyze the innovations that The Other Side (1993-1994) and The Visitor (1995), by Fabian Polosecki, introduces into the television space. From trace his tracks in current television works, the paper inquires journalism, television ethics and aesthetics, audiovisual and its narrative forms, and reflect on the ways of making and recreating contemporary television.


Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA) firmly believes in the synergy of international cooperation and capacity building and is always on a quest to build global knowledge partners. Keeping in mind the growing trend of international cooperation, GISTDA and the National Space Organization (NSPO) of Taiwan will enter into a cooperation agreement that will develop space system engineering in Thailand. The cooperation aims to promote technical activities, human resources development as well as infrastructure development in both countries. Several cooperative activities had already been initiated according to the work plan and an In-flight Systems Engineering Technical Assistance (SETA) has also been drawn up and agreed upon by both the agencies. The SETA encompasses the area of satellite operation, satellite and ground maintenance, anomaly handling, instrument calibration and satellite life extension assessment. The execution procedure and budget planning has been taken into consideration and the allotment of resources, both time and money, are planned for. GISTDA has also proposed the timeframe for personnel exchanges and training program to NSPO and the work plan will be put into action as soon as the areas are mutually agreed upon. The paper shall discuss the entire project plans divided into phases with major concentration on the e-aspect of the cooperation. Online training, remote system management and satellite data transfer over the Research and Education Network (REN) for emergency and educational purposes are but a few of the strategic areas covered in this cooperation. Mutual cooperation between the two agencies will help facilitate mission-critical agendas with no visible shortcoming. The paper shall also set precedent for future cooperation between international agencies and discuss how cost saving is achieved with the application of communication technologies.


The air quality index shows the pollution of the air we breathe, a very low index indicates that we can have respiratory, eye or heart conditions. An index below the minimum levels declared, requires generating strategies such as days without the presence of private vehicles, among others, to reduce pollution. The city of Medellin, Colombia, has shown very low levels in the air quality index due to several factors, mainly the emission produced by vehicles and companies. Due to this, activities have been initiated to reduce the emission of 2.5 micron and 10 microns particulate material, classified as highly harmful to health. The city installed 12 air quality monitoring stations and designed a decontamination proposal for the year 2030. Conducting a study on the persistence of particulate matter in the air according to the data recorded by the stations, will strengthen the proposed strategy or modify it to achieve the goal. In this work, the data collected by a station from July to December 2018 in which a high persistence in the presence of particulate material was analyzed.


FIELD: polymers. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for preparing powdery hygroscopic polymeric compositions. Invention proposes the powdery hygroscopic polymeric composition comprising a water-absorbing polymer (A) of cross-linked structure prepared by polymerization of unsaturated monomer comprising an acidic group and comprising acrylic acid and/or its salt as the main component. The composition comprises particles of size in limits from less 850 to 150 μm (but not including 850 μm) and their amount is 90 wt.-%, not less, of all material, and it comprises tetra- or the more functional and unmodified polyol (B) representing sugar alcohol showing functionality from 4 to 30, at least, on surfaces and taken in the amount from 0.01 to 20 wt.-%. Invention proposes variants of this composition and a method for its preparing. Invention provides development of powdery hygroscopic polymeric composition showing the low content of fine powder and possessing the excellent penetrability for liquids and ability to absorb liquid. EFFECT: improved, enhanced and valuable properties of composition. 17 cl, 8 tbl, 3 dwg, 15 ex


The current monitoring of bundle conductors is essential for precisely locating operation failures in transmission lines, leading to a more stable and reliable power grid. This paper proposed a novel method for current reconstruction of bundle conductors, utilizing tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) sensors. Both the normal and abnormal situations are discussed. The optimal and sub-optimal measurement points for sensors were obtained for concise current measurement with only one uniaxial TMR sensor. The current in each bundle conductor was calculated separately based on the comprehensive algorithm. Validation experiment indicated the error of the measurement and calculation system was no more than 10%, proving the robustness and feasibility of the measurement system and the algorithm. The reconstruction process takes full advantages of TMR sensors and provides a promising solution for transmission line monitoring in power grid.


Presents data on opportunities to conserve energy in buildings, which account for about a third of all energy use. Encourages readers to think about the impediments to energy efficiency in the buildings sector and the ways in which entrepreneurs can profitably surmount the obstacles. Learning Objective: To understand the opportunities for profitable investments in energy conservation.


The pre‐emption procedure is an important part of the radio resource management when dealing with the emergency traffic. It allows resources to be allocated to higher priority connections by pre‐empting lower priority connections. The provision of the pre‐emption mechanism becomes much more important in the case of satellite systems such as the Inmarsat Broadband Global Area Network system, which aids in providing the communication during a catastrophe. This paper focuses on the pre‐emption framework for a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System‐based satellite systems. Three algorithms have been proposed, Greedy, SubSetSum and Fuzzy pre‐emption algorithm. Extensive simulations are carried out for the three algorithms, and their performances are compared against each other. Simulation results show that the Fuzzy pre‐emption algorithm performs better than the other two algorithms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Bladder functional disorders are common health problems; however, their pathologies are poorly understood. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from the urothelium has been suggested to have an essential role in the micturition reflex, and its involvement in bladder functional disorders has been intensively investigated. Here, we review the latest advances in research on urothelial ATP signaling.


In the paper questions of spatial reorientation of national interests of Russia in the context of strategic gains and possessing of competitive advantage have been discussed. The situation has got complicated by growing globalization and expansion of world powers.


This report presents the results of a study to evaluate the state-of-the-art and determine the feasibility of attaining an extreme weather, pollution response capability. Sea states between 4 and 6 were considered. Investigations were made of systems for responding to stranding incidents, where the oil is still contained in a tanker, and for responding to oil spills. In the first case, cargo jettisoning and tanker stabilization methods were recommended as supplemental response techniques in addition to existing off-loading capabilities. In the second case, dispersant application from vessels and aircraft, and skimming with large (over 160 feet), dedicated skimming vessels, were recommended. Aircraft dispersant methods would provide response capabilities in sea state 6, and dedicated skimmers could work in sea state 5. The best existing skimming system is probably the Coast Guard's skimming barrier, which would be marginal in sea state 4. (Author)


Users rely heavily on social media to consume and share news, facilitating the mass dis-semination of genuine and fake stories. The proliferation of misinformation on various social media platforms has serious consequences for society. The inability to differentiate between the several forms of false news on Twitter is a major obstacle to effective detection of fake news. Researchers have made progress toward a solution by emphasizing methods for identifying fake news. The dataset FNC-1, which includes four categories for identifying false news, will be used in this study. The state-of-the-art methods for spotting fake news are evaluated and compared using big data technology (Spark) and machine learning. The methodology of this study employed a decentralized Spark cluster to create a stacked ensemble model. Following feature extraction using N-grams, Hashing TF-IDF, and count vectorizer, we used the proposed stacked ensemble classification model. The results show that the suggested model has a superior classification performance of 92.45% in the F1 score compared to the 83.10 % F1 score of the baseline approach. The proposed model achieved an additional 9.35% F1 score compared to the state-of-the-art techniques.


Worsening heart failure (WHF) in the first 7 days after an admission for acute HF (AHF) has been proposed as a therapeutic target in several recent AHF studies and was a co‐primary endpoint of the VERITAS studies.


A gesture as defined in the American Heritage Dictionary: Fourth Edition is "a motion of the limbs or body made to express or help express thought or to emphasize speech."

Keywords:

second language acquisition;
classroom;
gesture;
research;
speech


ABSTRACTAct number 7 of 2017 on General Elections had established the existence and the role of The GeneralElection Supervisory Board not only function as election monitors, but to act as an institution tasked withresolving disputes over electoral processes, both participants in inter-election disputes and acrosscommittees for the public. In this study raised the issue of the legal power of The General ElectionSupervisory Board of North Sumatra Province No. 002/LP/PL/ADM/PROV/02.00/V/2019. The researchmethodology is juridically normative, in the research concluded that The General Election SupervisoryBoard of North Sumatra Province No. 002/LP/PL/ADM/PROV/02.00/V/2019 has permanent legal forcebecause the decision is not carried out legal efforts by The Election Commission of North SumatraProvince and The Election Commission of West Nias Regency so that the decision final and binding, sothat decisions which are was born of The General Election Supervisory Board has an executory nature.Keywords : General Elections, The General Election Supervisory Board, and Quick Event Check


A number of PGE analogs have been synthesized in which the C-9 carbonyl group has been replaced by an exo-methylene group. These chemically stable 9-deoxo-9-methylene-PGEs exhibit biological profiles very similar to their less stable PGE relatives. 9-Deoxo-16,16-dimethyl-9-methylene-PGE2 (7) retains the useful uterine-stimulating potency of 16,16-dimethyl-PGE2 but is approximately 300 times less enteropooling in the rat. In preliminary clinical trials, 7 has shown efficacy for pregnancy termination by the oral and vaginal routes of administration, as well as relative freedom from gastrointestinal side effects.


The commercial aircraft fuel burn and emission estimates of CO2, CO, H2O, hydrocarbons, NOx and SOx for 2005–2011 are given as the 4-D Aircraft Fuel Burn and Emissions Inventory. On average, the annual fuel burn and emissions of CO2, H2O, NOx, and SOx increased by 2%–3% for 2005–2011, however, annual CO and HC emissions decreased by 1.6% and 8.7%, respectively because of improving combustion efficiency in recent aircraft. Approximately 90% of the global annual aircraft NOx emissions were emitted in the NH between 2005 and 2011. Air traffic within the three main industrialised regions of the NH (Asia, Europe, and North America) alone accounted for 80% of the global number of departures, resulting in 50% and 45% of the global aircraft CO2 and NOx emissions, respectively, during 2005–2011. The current Asian fleet appears to impact our climate strongly (in terms of CO2 and NOx) when compared with the European and North American fleet. The changes in the geographical distribution and a gradual shift of the global aircraft NOx emissions as well as a subtle but steady change in regional emissions trends are shown in particular comparatively rising growth rates between 0 and 30°N and decreasing levels between 30 and 60°N.


- In the framework of the present inclination towards greater organic commodities, there would seem to be an growing desire for bare exploit feasting, since raw milk is linked with many claimed health advantages that are thought to be lost when heated. Many human infections, on the other hand, It's possible to separate it from fresh bovine dairy. Although the prevalence of gastrointestinal microorganisms in uncooked cow dairy varies, their existence has been demonstrated in several investigations, and gastrointestinal infections produced by Gastroenteritis, Salmonella., and highly virulent appropriate anti E. coli have been reported often. In affluent countries, milk-borne and dairy illnesses accounted for 2e6 % of microbial poisoning illnesses. This review's goal is to give methodically volume data on the risks and benefits of consuming raw and warmed cows dairy. Both physiological and microbial and nutritional aspects are taken into account. As a result, raw milk intake is shown to represent a genuine health risk owing to the possibility of contamination with human pathogens. As a result, it is highly advised that milk be heated before drinking. Heating (especially ultra-high temperature and comparable treatments) will not significantly affect the nutritional content of raw milk or other advantages associated with raw milk intake, with the exception of a changed organoleptic character.


In 6 patients with stable cardiac dysrhythmias (ectopic beats) an oral dose of 300 mg propafenone was given in eight-hour intervals for 4-6 days. A significant correlation between serum concentration and prolongation of PQ-time interval was found. Therefore the changes of PQ-time interval can be used for the control of dose of propafenone.


OBJECTIVE
To study the synergistic effect of STI571, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase in combination with arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) on a multidrug-resistant leukemia cell line expressing bcr-abl.

METHODS
The cytotoxic effect of STI571 alone or in combination with different concentrations of As(2)O(3) on both bcr-abl and mdr1 positive leukemia cell line K562-n/VCR was detected by MTT method.

RESULTS
The cytotoxic effect of STI571 (1 micromol/L) combined with As(2)O(3) at concentrations 10(-5), 10(-6), 10(-7), 10(-8) mol/L (IC(50) 0.155 micromol/L) on K562-n/VCR cells was significantly higher than that of As(2)O(3) alone (IC(50) 1.879 micromol/L). The synergistic interaction on K562-n/VCR cells increased the cytotoxic effect by 12.1-fold.

CONCLUSION
Combination of STI571 with As(2)O(3) has a synergistic inhibiting effect on leukemia cells expressing bcr-abl and mdr1.


Efforts to decrease disparity in diagnosis and treatment for under‐resourced children with developmental delays, such as autism spectrum disorder, have led to increased interest in developing programs in community settings. One potential setting that has already demonstrated feasibility in conducting universal screening is the childcare setting. The current study conducted developmental screening in a total of 116 children ages 16–80 months of age in an urban low‐income community childcare center. Parents of 20 children who screened positive were enrolled in the intervention phase of the study, where children received a staff‐delivered targeted early intervention or a waitlist control condition. Given the small and imbalanced sample sizes, confidence intervals from mixed effect models were used to measure changes across time for each group. Of the children who received treatment, there was an average increase in child initiated joint engagement, symbolic play, and language use. This study provides initial feasibility data for the implementation of a screening and early intervention program to service a predominantly low‐resource and ethnically diverse population within the childcare system in a large metropolitan city. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1423–1433. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


W offer our heartiest congratulations to the R i g h t R e v . Mgr W i l l i a m L e w i s Keat inge, C . F . ( i s t class), C.M.G., on his appointment as Episcopus Castrensis and T i t u l a r Bishop of Metellopolis. 0 Mgr. Keat inge came to Downside at the age of fourteen i n 1883, and remained in the school un t i l 1887. H a v i n g completed his ecclesiastical studies at the E n g l i s h College, Rome, he was ordained priest in 1893. F o u r years later he received a com mission as Chaplain to the Forces and served in the South Afr ican W a r , 1899-1900. H e was mentioned in despatches and pro moted. On the outbreak of the present war, he was appointed Senior Catholic Chaplain to the Br i t i sh Exped i t iona ry Force on the Continent, and has more recently been Pr inc ipa l Chaplain at Salonica. I n addition to the C .M.G. , he has been awarded the Legion of Honour, and has been several times mentioned i n despatches. 0 Congratulations also to Lieut .-Colonel F ranc i s A . W y n t e r , D.S.O., who has been awarded the C .M.G. 0 Since the publication of our last Number m a n y further m i l i  t a ry honours have fallen to old Gregorians. These include seven D.S .O. ' s and twelve M.C. 's . Lieut .-Colonel E d w a r d P . A . R idde l l has received a bar to his D .S .O . , and Major Gera ld de l a Pasture and the late Captain Charles Wate rs have been awarded bars to their M.C. 's . 0 I t is w i t h great regret that we have to add the names of eleven more Old B o y s to the l ist of those who have been ki l led on ac t ive service : R . V . Agius , C . W . Bruce , L . But ler , W . C a r y E l w e s , A . E . H a w k i n s , C. Li t t lewood, J . S. Morriss, A . D . Murphy, E . F . D . Nicholson, J . O. W . Shine and C . Waters .