The article concerns a fire cult site from the Bronze Age which was discovered during an excavation of Viking period graves in 1992 at Fjalkestad, north of Kristianstad in Scania. The cult site is of simple, regular type in the form of a line of hearths. Its construction is described, and it is dated by C14 analysis to 2800 +/- 80 B.P. The system was obviously constructed during a very short period, which together with its nature, indicates that it was made for religious rather than profane purposes. The same conclusion has been reached concerning similar sites, especially in Germany and Denmark, by other archaeologists. Finally the author hopes that more attention will be paid to the phenomenon or fire cult sites at futur excavations in Sweden


One of the critical responses to the unprecedented abundance of family magazine and popular literature in Victorian period was to initiate a new discourse on the regulation of women's reading in order to ensure the morality of home, the culture of the middle class, and the health of the nation. Especially the family magazine was easily available to the woman reader, it played an important role in the development and education of the woman reader. This paper examines Victorian family magazine and woman reader focusing on Belgravia: A London Magazine edited by Mary Elizabeth Braddon. Under Braddon's editorship, Belgravia focuses on the transformation of the attitudes toward the woman reader and sensationalism by establishing the woman reader as independent and informed in the various discourses and by redefining the genre of the sensation novel as artistic and educational. Through her articles and fictions serialized in Belgravia Braddon aims to emphasize that the sensation novel makes the woman reader aware of social or cultural problems that might otherwise be hidden or ignored. Braddon's Belgravia contributes to the reevaluation of the woman reader and the sensation novel, which is significant in the cultural formation of Victorian age. Family magazines succeed in empowering the woman reader to participate in the important cultural debates and ensure the health of Victorian society and nation. By bringing the woman reader and writer into the public and professional realms family magazines extend women's role in the progress of Victorian culture.


MORALITY is, like other abstractions, difficult to define. In one sense, it may be regarded as the collective conscience of specific groups within human society or of society as a whole. Having no firm operational definition, it has several general characteristics. One is that any attempt to apply it to specific situations by a single individual must necessarily be regarded as personal opinion rather than fact. Secondly, morality must be regarded as an exceedingly dynamic entity with wide variations in time and space. Thus, as society evolves, it is to be expected that what is moral at one time may become quite immoral at another. What is appropriate for one human group may be quite inappropriate for another. Human sacrifice was once a moral form of behavior; it is now generally unacceptable. The exhibition of the female breast may be unacceptable to one group while the exhibition of the female


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relevant factors of the anaphylaxis induced by taxanes injections for reference of clinical safe medication.METHODS: The ADR case reports of 31 cases collected in our hospital were analyzed statistically in respect of patients' general state,routes of administration,administration and dosage,drug combination,the onset time and clinical manifestation of the anaphylaxis,ADR-involved organs or systems,ADR severity and the clinical outcome.RESULTS: Of the total 31 anaphylaxis induced by taxanes injections,the majority occurred within 15 min after drug using,and which were more often seen in females than in males.Patients with allergic history had the high incidence rate of anaphylaxis.Serious anaphylaxis cases represented 51.61%.The severity of the anaphylaxis was lessened by preventive medication and slowing down of the dripping speed.CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to strengthen monitoring and reporting of the ADRs induced by taxanes injections.


This article explores the strategy of active interventions through which Chinese policymakers have created the conditions for pulling their country out of its peripheral status within the world economy. We find that the strategic use of exchange rate policy and the maintenance of extensive ownership in industrial assets by the national government have played a key role in cumulatively promoting the upgrading of technological capabilities of the national workforce since the mid-1990 onward. Economic data show support for the hypotheses of an increasing capacity of Chinese producers to gain access to oligopolistic technology markets. To the extent that this offers the opportunity to capture a slice of the technological rent hitherto reserved to the capitalist center, our study suggests that the growth of real wages in China will be consistent with the maintenance of the country's external balance in the long run. JEL classification: L16, O47, J21, F13, B51


Synopsis On the basis of surface observations, the epicentre of the West Glasgow Earthquake, which occurred at 7.03 a.m. on 7 March 1964, is located in the Blairdardie district at approximately W. Long 4°21′.2, N. Lat 55°54′.1. It is suggested that the focus was on the western margin of the Paisley Ruck at the boundary of the Old Red Sandstone and Calciferous Sandstone Series (depth 1·6 km).


A semiconductor microsphere laser based on colloidal nanoplatelets is demonstrated comprising a micron-sized supraparticle obtained by self-assembly of core/shell CdSe/ CdS nanoplatelets with peak luminescence at 660nm. It shows multimode laser emission between 665 and 695nm with threshold at 200 nJ (28 ± 17 mJ.cm-2).


that insulin promotes growth by stimulating protein synthesis and thereby the size of cells. This study has shown that the period in which insulin secretion has been shown to rise coincides with that in which cellular growth takes place mainly by cellular division (Widdowson, Crabb, and Milner, 1972). This is followed at about the 30th week by a period in which growth occurs largely by an increase in cellular size. These findings are neither contrary to nor in support of Cheek and Greystone's hypothesis. It is possible that insulin secretion increases in the period studied due to a preferential development of , cells within the islet or of islets within the pancreas. Alternatively, the change could be of secretory activity within each f cell. If insulin has an anabolic role in the fetus it is interesting to note that the stage of development in which pancreatic insulin secretion increases precedes that in which cells grow by increase in size.


Centipedes are venomous arthropods that have been used in conventional medicine for hundreds of years in China. However, very little is known about the active components of centipedes signifying pharmacological importance. In this study, a natural agglutinin from the hemolymph of the centipede Rhysida longipes longipes was purified by bioadsorption method and was characterized. The purified lectin showed strong affinity for rabbit erythrocytes and was specific for N-Acetyl glucosamine (GluNAc). The crude hemagglutinin and the purified lectin were sensitive to pH and temperature. The addition of calcium up to 100 mM and EDTA up to 10 mM had no effect on HA activity. The purified lectin was found to be a multiple lectin of 226 kDa, 83 kDa and 59 kDa on PAGE.


Stories of American democracy, whether critical or congratulatory, canonical or popular, feature "the public" as their recurring protagonist. "The public" is a rhetorical fixture of political campaigns and democratic theories, opinion polls and calls to action. Its influence is formidable: the very idea scores political speech, and calls citizens into being. Yet as many scholars have argued, "the public" is a moving target, and possibly even a total fiction. Perhaps the best-known challenge in recent decades has come from literary critic and social theorist Michael Warner. "Publics" he writes in his Publics and Counterpublics, "have become an essential part of the social landscape, and yet it would tax our understanding to say exactly what they are." If a public is difficult to describe, it is in part, Warner explains, because the idea hovers in modern imaginaries between the concrete and the abstract. "A public" can conjure at once: a bounded audience—"a crowd witnessing itself in visible space"; a more abstract "social totality" like the constituents of a nation; and a community conjured through shared texts or identities.


This article is available from https://www.labmedonline.org 2020, Laboratory Medicine Online This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background: Intraoperative measurement of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels is crucial for confirming complete removal of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands during parathyroidectomy and for detecting parathyroid gland damage during thyroidectomy. The use of plasma samples can shorten the turnaround time (TAT) for iPTH. The present study explored the effectiveness of using plasma samples for iPTH quantitation by comparison with the corresponding serum samples. We also evaluated the analytical performance of iPTH. Methods: The TAT of plasma and serum samples analyzed in March 2019 was compared. In addition, comparative evaluation of the iPTH levels in 100 paired plasma and serum samples were performed. Analytical performances including within-run and within-laboratory precision, and linearity were evaluated in plasma samples using the ADVIA Centaur iPTH assay (Siemens Healthineers, Germany). The reference range was verified with plasma samples collected from 20 healthy adults. Results: Plasma iPTH tests showed shorter TAT values (P <0.001) and higher iPTH levels (P <0.001) than serum. Correlation analysis between plasma and serum iPTH levels showed a strong positive correlation (r=0.925). The within-run and within-laboratory precision values were within the manufacturer's recommendation. iPTH showed linearity from 5.1 to 1,670.0 pg/mL (R=0.999). The plasma iPTH levels from 20 healthy adults were within the reference range, thus validating our method. Conclusions: The plasma iPTH levels were higher than the serum levels, with a strong positive correlation. The TAT of plasma samples was considerably shorter than that of serum. iPTH quantitation from plasma samples is preferable when rapid results are required.


The fifth generation of mobile communication systems (5G) is nowadays a reality. 5G networks are been deployed all over the world, and the first 5G-capable devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, wear ...


With the advent of the era of big data, the development models of various sectors of the social economy have changed, and there are more and more market opportunities, but competition and challenges have also come along. As an important productive force in the competition and development of modern society, talent has become increasingly prominent in the digital process. Especially for state-owned enterprises, which are essential lifelines and pillars of the national economy, the quality of talent is the key to the success or failure of enterprises. This article intends to reveal the existing problems in the talent incentive process of state-owned enterprises through a case study of the employee incentive mechanism of H Water Conservancy Company and conduct a detailed analysis of the specific reasons. Then, it proposes targeted incentive mechanism optimization plans to provide some valuable reference suggestions for state-owned enterprises to find appropriate talent cultivation and innovation strategies in the increasingly fierce competition.


All articles sUbmitt"d for publication in this journal should be tvped with double or treble spacing. Carbon copies should not be sent. Authors are requested to avoid the use of abbreviations and not to underline either words or phrases. References to articles and books should be caretuuu checked. In a reference the following information should be given: surname of author, initials of author, uear, full title of article, name of journal, volume, number of first page of the article. The abbreviations used for the' titles of • journals are those adopted bV the Quarterlv Oumulative Index Medicus. If a reference is made to an abstract of a paper, the name of the original journal, together with that of the [ournnt in which the abstract has appeared, should be given with j ·tll date in each instance. Authors who are not accustomed to preparing drawings or photographic prints for reproduction are invited to seek the advice of the Editor.


We measured the multispectral images and a hyperspectral profile during the first dissection pass of core 73002, and here, we present preliminary results. Both multispectral images and hyperspectral data show systematic darkening and reddening from bottom to top of the core, indicating an increasing maturity from the subsurface to surface soils. Our estimated FeO and TiO2 abundances are 9 (±1) wt% and 1.8 (±0.5) wt%, and their homogeneous distributions imply no compositional stratigraphy was sampled by core 73002. The in situ regolith reworking depth is about 14 cm as inferred from the optical maturity (OMAT) profile, corresponding to a time range of about 61 million years. Mineralogy and Mg# (molar Mg/[Mg+Fe]) calculated using hyperspectral data and radiative transfer modeling show as expected the core is dominated by plagioclase and low‐Ca pyroxene, and the average Mg# is 61 (±10). Our work shows that spectroscopy has a great potential to be applied in the preliminary examination of future extraterrestrial samples from outside of the glovebox.


Can learning molecular biology and genetics be enjoyable? Of course it can. Biologists know their field is exciting and fascinating and that learning how cells and molecules shape the living world is extraordinarily interesting. But can students who are not already inclined towards science also be convinced that learning molecular biology is worthwhile? For example, students taking biology simply to satisfy an academic distribution requirement, or ones with previous negative school experiences that made them believe that science is boring and irrelevant? Is it possible to persuade such students that learning molecular biology and genetics can be fun? Of course, one might assert that the role of science educators is not to make learning fun, but to simply introduce concepts in a clear and coherent manner. However, I would claim that without motivating students, the amount of comprehension and retention will be limited. And there is evidence that introductory biology and genetics courses for nonmajors are far from ideal. For example, a 2008 study using a 'genetic literacy test' found that scores among non-science majors increased only 6% points, from 43 to 49%, after taking an introductory biology and genetics course (Bowling et al. 2008). Realising that increasing student motivation might improve student understanding and test scores, educators have begun to include content intended to better motivate students. Nevertheless, I believe that the steps taken to date have been limited and that alternate approaches, with greater emphasis on motivating and even entertaining students, would improve both student motivation and test performance.


Studies performed in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting suggest that controlling blood glucose leads to improved outcomes. Whether this is true in


Bachelor thesis titled "Czech and French terminology of golf - comparing linguistic analysis" compares golf terms in three languages - English, French and Czech.As a source language for this work served English which was compared with two target languages - French and Czech. In the first part, we focus on history of golf from various viewpoints, in the second part, we clarify particular golf terms. In lexical part we divide this created vocabulary to four categories according to linguistic phenomenons. These categories we describe and enrich with selected examples. In conclusion of this thesis we interpret knowledge which we had come to. In the supplement we introduce vocabulary in alphabetical order of selected golf terms in those three language versions.


Based on allozyme electrophoresis, the genetic diversity and differentiation among six wild populations of Fagopyrum urophyllum from the counties Kunming, Fumin and Binchuan in the north-central part of Yunnan Province and the county Butuo in the southweast of Sichuan Province are studied in this paper. The result shows that the genetic differentiation is low among populations, F ST is 0.161. The means of genetic identity (I) and genetic distance (D) are 0.927 4 and 0.077 6, respectively. Some suggestions for genetic resources of the populations are provided.


Primary culture of human thyroid epithelial cells is one of new experimental methods,which has an important meaning to investigate the thyroid function and the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases.The procedure of drawing the massa from patients′thyroid and making the monoplast suspension is the first step of succeeding in the primary culture.Some special mediators can make the cells have a longer living term and stronger physiological functions.It is an important technique to conserve in freezing and revival thyroid epithelial cells.This article reviewed the culture in vitro of thyroid epithelial cells abroad and domestic.


A turbulent flow downstream from a linear source of heat placed inside the cylinder wake has been studied numerically in this paper. Special attention has been paid to the cylinder wake effect on the source of heat diffusion in downstream flow. The turbulent model has been applied a standard �-� two equations model and the two-dimensional Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations are discretized with the second order upwind scheme. The SIMPLE algorithm, which is developed using control volumes, is adopted as the numerical procedure. Calculations were performed for a wide variation of the Reynolds numbers. The investigations reveal that with increasing Reynolds number, the instabilities appear in the wake zone, showing an oscillatory flow, also called von Karman Vortex Street. His geometry has an important influence on the thermal field and the diffusion process. Comparison of numerical results with the experimental data available in the literature is satisfactory.


The case study is based on a survey of households that was carried out in close collaboration with the local community members. Interviews were completed by a consultant acting and a prominent academic and member of the solidarity committee against SEZ. Alongside the quantitative research, extensive personal histories were recorded. The sample of households was made to reflect both those that lost land and those that lost no land, but might otherwise have been indirectly affected. We have used the primary as well as secondary data for conducting the study and analysis of our project work. Primary data mainly composed of the Impact of SEZ on Rural India part, where we have talked with persons from different field and collected their views and information, which helped us a lot to broaden our outlook on the topic.


The pattern deformation such as photoresist lifting after lithography due to not enough photoresist adhesion to substrate is become critical issue when aspect ratio is much higher than what photoresist adhesion can support. This aspect ratio is getting higher when our design rule of device requests smaller feature size in lithography process. The BARC (Bottom Antireflective Coating), which advanced lithography is using, is very good layer to improve adhesion of photoresist since they are same kind of chemical. However, BARC needs extra etching process before main etching which is step to remove substrate. Sometimes, this BARC etching step generated defects which makes yield loss. Especially, lithography step for metallization with aluminum likes without BARC process to be free from those defect. We think that adhesion of photoresist on metal substrate such as aluminum or TiN is very important to develop lithography process without BARC. The adhesion change between photoresist and metal substrate will be changed as function of how we apply pretreatments for metal substrate. The typical pretreatments before patterning are dry ash, wet cleaning and HMDS treatment. In this paper, we study that adhesion changes as function of pretreatments and their mechanism. To understand the interaction between photoresist and substrate, we analyze surface change of wafers which prepared with several different experimental conditions using XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and Dynamic Contact Angle Analyzer. The results will explain how photoresist adhesion may be changed with different pretreatment conditions and how we can optimize process condition to improve photoresist adhesion without BARC.


A four-year-old Kangal dog with hundreds of ixodid ticks in the head and neck regions and a large number of myiasis larvae in the anal region were brought to Selcuk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine. A paralysis covering the anterior and posterior extremites, except the head region was determined in the dog. It was suspected that the paralysis was caused by ticks on the dog after elimination of some other disease. However, no definitive diagnosis was made for paralysis. Collected ticks were identified as Rhiphicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806). The myiasis larvae collected from the anal region were identified as second and third instars of Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819). As a result, it is suggested that C. albiceps and Rh. sanguineus should be considered in the etiology of myiasis and tick paralysis cases, respectively.


Objective: To investigate the relationship between the spinal astrocytic activation and neuropathic pain behavior in L5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) rats. Methods: 44 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham, SNL 1 d, SNL 3 d and SNL 7 d groups. Animal mechanical allodynia was represented by 50% paw withdrawal threshold (50% PWT) that was assessed with von Frey filaments (n=8). Using immunohistochemistry technique, GFAP was examined to evaluate the activation of astrocytes (n=3). Results: (1) The mechanical allodynia of the left hind paw appeared on day 1 after SNL, and continuously existed from day 3 to day 7. No significant change of mechanical allodynia was observed in sham group. (2) In the ipsilateral (lesion side) lumbar dorsal horn, GFAP immunoreactivity was observed at day 1. This kind of astrocytic activation maintained intense at day 3 and 7, but a slight degree of astrocytic activation was observed in sham group. (3) Astrocytes were activated in the spinal cord in SNL rats, the degree of astrocytic activation correlated well with the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Conclusion: Astrocytic activation in the spinal dorsal horn might play a role in neuropathic pain.


As the fuel costs and environment concerns continue to increase, so does the demand for composite materials for aerospace and transportation applications. Polymer composites are inherited lighter than their metallic counterparts resulting in significant weight reduction of the aircraft/vehicle which means improved fuel efficiency, less air pollution and smaller carbon footprint. In addition, composites allow for easy manufacture and assembly of geometrically complex components, do not fail catastrophically and offer improved resistance to corrosive environments. Composites can be designed so that their properties such as strength, fatigue and damage tolerance are tailored to a specific application by employing " lay-up " design. Some of these applications are as wing assemblies, seats, instrument enclosures and luggage compartments. Polymer composites commonly used in aerospace and other transportation vehicles consist mainly of epoxy reinforced with carbon fibers, glass fibers, or aramid fibers depending on the performance requirements. Although polymer composites have been used in aerospace for more than three decades, there are still many challenges that limit their potential. Delamination of composite laminates and poor wetting of the fibers by the polymer resin are two major challenges that affect performance and can lead to failure. Another challenge relates to the labor intensive and time consuming manufacture of laminated composite structures in autoclaves. Research at Georgia Tech focuses on overcoming these challenges. Out-of-autoclave processes are used such as vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) and SMC (sheet molding compound) method, using a lab scale pilot SMC line, in combination with compression molding. Fiber wetting by the resin and interfacial strength are improved by introducing nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes or graphite nanoplatelets at the fiber-polymer interface using special compounding methods.


In previous works, expressions for the atomic multipole moment cross sections were derived from a traditional collision approach. In the present work, we have derived the fundamental formula (see equation (35)) from which all of the atomic multipole moment cross sections can be obtained by using Liouville-space methods introduced by Fano (1963 Phys. Rev. 131 259). This simple, elegant formula is an expression for the multipole cross sections in terms of the Liouville-space transition operator (sometimes referred to as the tetradic transition matrix or the transition superoperator). The transition superoperator, in turn, can be expressed in terms of the traditional quantum mechanical transition operators via a formula which is sometimes referred to as 'Fano's convolution formula'. Upon application of this formula to our Liouville-space expression for the multipole cross sections, the resulting cross section formulae are identical to those obtained in previous works. Establishing this connection with the Liouville-space formalism allows us to apply powerful group theoretical techniques in order to obtain expressions of practical interest. As a specific example, we consider the transition rate for the final-state multipole moment which can be obtained via the use of a 'connecting factor' from the initial values of the multipole moments. The 'connecting factor', in turn, is expressed in this work as a Liouville-space matrix element of the tetradic transition matrix. Based on this expression and the symmetry properties of the electron–atom collisional system, certain symmetry relations are obtained for the 'connecting factors'. Since these factors are proportional to the multipole cross sections, corresponding relations are also obtained for those cross sections, which results in a reduction in the number of values that needs to be calculated for plasma modelling applications. An additional corollary of practical importance is that, in the case of cylindrically symmetric plasmas, the same symmetry relations also hold for the multipole rate coefficients. We provide an explicit derivation of this new, important result.


A complementary metal oxide semiconductor integrated circuit may be formed with NMOS and PMOS transistors that have high dielectric constant gate dielectric material over a semiconductor substrate. A metal barrier layer may be formed over the gate dielectric. A workfunction setting metal layer is formed over the metal barrier layer and a cap metal layer is formed over the workfunction setting metal layer.


Katz J. et al., entitled "Mutational Analysis of an Autoantibody: Differential Binding and Pathogenicity." J. Exp. Med., vol. 180, pp. 925-932, Sep. 1994. Cwirla S., etal, entitled "Peptides on phage: A vast library of peptides for identifying ligands." Proc. Natl. Acad Sci., vol. 87, pp. 6378 6382, Aug. 1990. Devlin J. et al., entitled "Random Peptide Libraries: A Source of Specific Protein Binding Molecules." Science, vol. 249, pp. 404–406, Ju1 1990.


In this paper, an automatic text–independent Arabic word speaker identification system is presented using Fuzzy Wavelet Neural Network terminology (FWNN). The approach is combining wavelet theory to fuzzy logic and neural network which lead to fabricate a Fuzzy Wavenet . Position and dilation of the fuzzy wavenets are fixed and the weights are optimized according to learning algorithm in the network. The feature extraction for real Arabic word signals through Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) model is used. The proposed terminology here is training process for some words of all speakers done in FWNN learning phase then test for the other sample speech signals for speakers have been used in FWNN classification phase. Success theory of fuzzy wavenets has been generalized by extension to biorthogonal wavelets which lead to identification system development . Results showing the effectiveness of the proposed system presented in this paper.


The knowledge of the optical properties of materials, such as pigments or the ceramics that contain these, is a key feature in modelling the behaviour of light when it impinges upon them. This paper presents a method of obtaining the refractive index of ceramics from diffuse reflectance measurements made with a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere. The method has been demonstrated to be applicable to opaque ceramics, independently of whether the surface is polished or not, thus avoiding the need to use different methods to measure the refractive index according to the surface characteristics of the material. This method allows the Fresnel equations to be directly used to calculate the refractive index with the measured diffuse reflectance, without needing to measure just the specular reflectance. Alternatively, the method could also be used to measure the refractive index in transparent and translucent samples. The technique can be adapted to determine the complex refractive index of pigments. The reflectance measurement would be based on the method proposed in this paper, but for the calculation of the real part of the refractive index, related to the change in velocity that light undergoes when it reaches the material, and the imaginary part, related to light absorption by the material, the Kramers-Kronig relations would be used.


2 This chapter is about the correspondence between the psychology and social reality of devalued group membership. Well-being and the subjective satisfaction with life is, at best, modestly related to the objective conditions in which that life takes place. Often, members of minorities or otherwise devalued groups experience similar levels of self-esteem as members of objectively more privileged groups (for a review, see Crocker & Major, 1989). More surprisingly, they report very low levels of personal discrimination even if they are fully aware of the extent to which their group is discriminated (Crosby, 1982). Thus, it would appear that they perceive themselves as less vulnerable to discrimination than the average member of their group. This discontinuity between judgments of discrimination for self and group has been called the personal-group discrimination discrepancy or PGDD (Crosby, 1982; Taylor, Wright & Porter, 1994). It is a very robust effect that is found in a wide variety The purpose of this chapter is to elaborate on prior work examining the role of social comparison processes in personal and group judgments of discrimination. Prior work has argued that the perceptions of both are determined by the choice of comparison standards. In this chapter we also consider the hypothesis that is being tested with respect to the comparison other and we elaborate what goals and motivations are involved in the social comparison. One of the most significant consequences of social comparison activities is that they can alter what people feel they deserve, whether they feel discriminated against, and what the relevant social categories are that should be considered. This chapter highlights some cognitive and motivational factors that lead to preferring certain social comparison targets over others, the conditions leading to testing either similarity or dissimilarity hypotheses when comparing the self or the ingroup to these targets, and the consequences that this has for self-and group-evaluations in the context of discrimination. The first part of this chapter focuses on personal discrimination and examines why and how social comparison processes contribute to people's 3 low sense of personal vulnerability to discrimination. The second part of this chapter concentrates on group discrimination and considers why and how social comparison processes contribute to people's perception of group discrimination and to a sense of relative group deprivation. The argument developed below is threefold. First, we draw on prior research to argue that cognitive and motivational factors lead different comparison standards to …


T elegant volume, edited by Dario Calimani, is the latest Italian edition of John Millington Synge's Riders to the Sea, translated into Italian by James Joyce and Nicolò Vidacovich, one of Joyce's Triestine pupils and a well-known lawyer. Previous publications, after the first appearance of the Italian translation in Solaria,1 include the 1988 edition by E. Fintz Menasce,2 which is listed in Calimani's bibliography, and the prestigious 1992 Mondadori publication in Poesie e Prose, edited by Franca Ruggieri.3 What makes this 2012 edition particularly interesting is its layout: we not only have Synge's play on the left-hand page and the JoyceVidacovich translation on the right, but also everything in this volume is bilingual. The thirty-six-page Italian introduction by Calimani is accompanied by an excellent English translation, as are the notes and the bibliography. Such an editorial choice certainly increases the potential readership of the book because it is clearly addressed to both Italianand English-speaking audiences.4 This edition, moreover, is part of an ambitious editorial project that will be completed in the near future. The editor, Calimani, is the chair of English literature at the University of Venice, and he told me that his love for Synge's play goes back many years (7 June 2013). He shows this affection in his introduction, where he writes: "Riders to the Sea is an artistic jewel that links indissolubly the names of Synge and Joyce as the symbol of a profound affinity of both intellect and sentiments" (60). About fifteen years ago, one of Calimani's students, a retired surgeon who attended a course on the Irish theater, suggested that a luxury edition of the play, including the Joyce-Vidacovich translation, should be published. The idea was that Calimani would write an introduction and possibly some notes. The surgeon convinced an artist from Genoa, Emanuele Luzzati (1921-2007), to draw a series of serigraphs to illustrate Synge's play, and he also sponsored the silk printing of a hundred numbered copies.5 The original project was to consist of the publication of a two-book slipcase containing a hardback, illustrated, and luxury volume with Luzzati's serigraphs and a paperback copy. The idea was to appeal to serious scholars as well as to students and general readers. Unfortunately, the James Joyce estate objected to the publication, and the project was frozen until the copyright expired in 2011. In the meantime, however, the publisher Treviso also lost interest in the project, and it was only recently that Calimani was able to have just the paperback volume printed. I note that the book cover features a beautiful reproduction


Planner Elizabeth Shreeve interviews Robert Segar, assistant vice chancellor for campus planning and community resources at UC Davis, and Nolan Zail, co-founder of Transform Urban, who was project executive with Carmel Partners (joint venture partner of private developer West Village Community Partnership) during the collaboration. COLLABORATIVE PARTNERSHIPS CAN YIELD ENORMOUS BENEFITS for campus projects--especially those involving complex uses and implementation strategies. When visions are aligned, public-private partnerships can leverage initial assumptions into more ambitious programs to meet placemaking, sustainability, and other goals and even head in unanticipated directions made possible by diverse talents, resources, and points of view. The story of one such collaboration--the successful UC Davis West Village partnership between the University of California, Davis, and its developer partner, West Village Community Partnership, LLC (WVCP)--is told here through interviews with Robert Segar, who discusses the project from the perspective of the University of California, and Nolan Zail, who shares his past experience representing WVCP. Drawing from their many years on the project, these two key players describe how a scheme initially conceived as an "environmentally responsible campus housing project" evolved to its current status as the nation's largest planned zero net energy community. West Village emerged through a long-term, complex planning process initiated by the University of California, Davis, to provide much-needed, well-located housing for students, faculty, and staff. The planning process included the following key milestones: * In 2003, the university regents adopted a Neighborhood Master Plan for the West Village area as part of the UC Davis Long Range Development Plan (LRDP). * In 2005, UC Davis created a public-private partnership with West Village Community Partnership (WVCP) to bring the long-range plans for West Village to life. * The 2006 West Village Implementation Plan, prepared by WVCP's team in close collaboration with the university, established a detailed design framework for a new 225-acre campus neighborhood designed to be home to 3,000 students and 500 staff/faculty families and set in a network of parks, storm water ponds and corridors, bicycle and pedestrian trails, a community college, and retail and recreational services. * In 2008, WVCP and UC Davis realized that a larger goal for sustainability was within reach--the target of making West Village a zero net energy (ZNE) community, defined as "zero net energy from the grid measured on an annual basis." Within this multiuse project, the bicycle would serve as the primary mode of transportation. * With this goal in mind, WVCP undertook detailed design and construction of the Phase 1 program. Construction of infrastructure started in 2008, with vertical construction of student housing and mixed-use buildings beginning in 2010. Phase 1 of the student housing and mixed-use building were ready for occupancy in 2011. * In 2013, West Village received the ULI Global Award for Excellence. In addition to the university and the developer, other partners such as the UC Davis Energy Efficiency Center and the Davis Energy Group joined to achieve integrated planning for West Village. Numerous consultants, including SWA as master planners and landscape architects on WVCP's team, worked to meet both university guidelines and developer requirements for product mix, yield, and costing. Although most consultants were contracted to the developer, the university's close working relationship made this a seamless process. [FIGURE 1 OMITTED] Today the 130-acre Phase 1 of West Village (highlighted in figure 1) houses almost 2,000 students. Clustered around a one-acre Village Square (figure 2) are a leasing/recreation center and 42,500 square feet of retail/office space in which the ground floors are mostly filled by the university's first "uHub," or innovation center, including the Plug-In Hybrid & Electric Vehicle Research Center and the Western Cooling Efficiency Center. …


This document describes the experience gained from the project of implementing the Digital Manufacturing methodology to validate the industrial design of the AIRBUS A400M Final Assembly Line (FAL) in a virtual environment using state of the art Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) tools. The project has generated a remarkable innovation in the industrialization methods and tools used in AIRBUS Military, contributing to the A400M program success. The document presents: the background and reasons motivating the project, the context and the main barriers identified, and the definition of a Final Assembly Line. An innovative concept of industrial Digital Mock-Up (iDMU) was coined, representing the interoperable grouping of product, processes and manufacturing resources data.


Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) is a family of methods that enables communities to share and enhance their experience, and to plan and act together with external service-providers to enrich their lives. The methodology remains unknown outside development work circles, to the detriment of other professionals concerned with community empowerment. This article introduces PRA, and outlines some of its advantages compared with conventional community planning approaches.


The research on medicinal plants is gradually gaining popularity due to millions of people depending on the use of different parts of these materials for various ailments.The antibacterial activity of hot and cold water and ethanolic extracts of the root, stem and leaf of Parkia clappertonia against Escherichia coli ATCC 11775, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC10145, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 12600 was evaluated using agar-well diffusion and agar dilution methods. All the organisms were susceptible to all the extracts with the diameter of zones of inhibition ranging between 14 mm – 27 mm for hot water extracts, 12 mm – 22 mm for cold water extracts and 12 mm – 25 mm for ethanolic extracts. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations ranged between 2.5 mg/ml – 20.0 mg/ml. The rate of kill of the test bacterial species by hot water extract was concentration dependent. Saponin, flavonoids, tannin, glycoside, alkaloid and anthraquinone were the phytochemical constituents detected from the Parkia clapatoniana root, stem and leaf extracts. The implications of these findings in the medicinal use of Parkia clapertoniana are discussed.


CT is the most available imaging modality for assessing the condition of acute ischemic stroke patients. However, early signs of infarction are barely visible on CT scans, and expert infarct assessments on these images are highly variable. We investigate whether weak labels in conjunction with Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) can be used to segment early signs of infarction on baseline CTA scans. We propose an alternative to the standard MIL attention, local attention, which exploits the symmetry of the brain. We compare our infarct volume predictions with 3 clinically validated CTP software packages and observe that unlike standard attention, local attention's performance is comparable with the CTP software. This MIL approach including local attention therefore allows for infarct assessment on CTA without implementing the burdensome and time-demanding CTP scans.


Summary Abdominal, inguinal and scrotal testes from 53 horses difiering in age were examined by light microscopy including immunohistochem cal techniques. Spermatogenesis of scrotal testes (controls) starts at the age of 1.5-2 years. By contrast, the development of cryptorchid testes occurs later at the age of 2J years. The degenerative alterations affectlng the seminiferous tubules are more distinct in abdominal than in in- guinal cryptorchidism. Additionally the difterentiatjon of the perjtubular and intertubular cells is retarded and disturbed in cryptorchid testes resulting in a deviating expression pattern of vimentin, desmin and d actin. Angiosclerosis in equine testes is a frequent age related finding and is not associated to the location of the alfected testes. Four cases of ,,testicular regression syndrome" and two cases of an exclusive descent of the epididymis are reported. One case of a metastasising seminoma was diagnosed in a unilateral abdominal testis. The findings presented in this study show the possible cornplexity of al- terations in cryptorchidism and, with a view to surgical success, the importance of detailed histopathological investigation of 'abnormal" tis- sues removed durino castration.


A broadband, stable, and noniterative free-space method is proposed for dielectric constant <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\varepsilon _{r}^{\prime }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> determination of low-loss dielectric slabs from reflection-only measurements through simple calibration standards (reflect and air). It is applicable for dispersive samples and does not require thickness information. Simulations of nondisperive and dispersive samples are performed to validate our method. Dielectric constant measurements of polyethylene and polyoxymethylene samples (9–11 GHz) are carried out to examine the accuracy of our method.


Auxins, mainly indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), play a critical role in numerous plant growth processes, including embryo development, root and flower development, vascular differentiation, stem elongation, apical dominance, and tropic responses. Charles Darwin and his son Francis performed some of the


The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland, exceeds existing particle accelerators in terms of size and complexity. The most remarkable machine damage potential is held by the amount of stored energy. This thesis introduces a quantitative method for the reliability analysis of the LHC Machine Protection System (MPS) in terms of machine safety and beam availability. It is based on object-oriented modelling of the primary signal path, where the components' behaviour is described by a simple Markov model with two failure states. The explicit inclusion of machine failure allows for the quantification of five scenarios. They include the safety-relevant scenario of a missed emergency shutdown and the scenario of a preventive shutdown, which is crucial with regard to beam availability. The presented MPS model covers two of the main MPS subsystems, namely the Beam Loss Monitor System and the Beam Interlock System. The model includes almost 5000 individually modelled components. It is implemented twice, first based on Monte Carlo simulation and second based on an analytical model description. The implementation of the analytical description is used for a series of case studies. The case studies yield scenario probabilities that confirm expectations based on operational experience and previous studies. The results are verified by the results of related Monte Carlo simulations, which show good accordance. Component importances are also extracted. A series of sensitivity analysis studies based on input parameter variation are presented. The studies do not reveal any unexpected dependence and as such confirm the stability of the model implementation. In addition, a set of model extensions are introduced which overcome some of the limiting assumptions and simplifications of the initial model.


An essential part of the work of mourning is, as Freud points out in 'Mourning and Melancholia', the testing of reality. He says that 'in grief this period of time is necessary for detailed carrying out of the behest imposed by the testing of reality, and ... by accomplishing this labour the ego succeeds in freeing its libido from the lost object', And again: 'Each single one of the memories and hopes which bound the libido to the object is brought up and hyper-cathected, and the detachment of the libido from it accomplished. Why this process of carrying out the behest of reality bit by bit, which is in the nature of a compromise, should be so extraordinarily painful is not at all easy to explain in terms of mental economics. It is worth noting that this pain seems natural to us.' And, in another passage: 'We do not even know by what economic measures the work of mourning is carried through; possibly, however, a conjecture may help us here. Reality passes its verdict—that the object no longer exists—upon each single one of the memories and hopes through which the libido was attached to the lost object, and the ego, confronted as it were with the decision whether it will share this fate, is persuaded by the sum of its narcissistic satisfactions in being alive to sever its attachment to the non-existent object. We may imagine that, because of the slowness and the gradual


This paper presents an approach to providing better safety for adolescents playing online games. We highlight an emerging paedophile presence in online games and offer a general framework for the design of monitoring and alerting tools. Our method is to monitor and detect relationships forming with a child in online games, and alert if the relationship indicates an offline meeting with the child has been arranged or has the potential to occur. A prototype implementation with demonstrative components of the framework has been created and is introduced. The prototype demonstration and evaluation uses a teen rated online relationship-building environment for its case study, specifically the predominant Massive Multiplayer Online Game (MMO) World of Warcraft.


Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of nail and hair treatment on stress and self-esteem of female. Methods: Treatment-control study design was adopted to compare the effects of hair and nail treatment on stress and self-esteem of female. Total 190 subjects were used for analysis: 62 females from 4 nail shops, 66 females from 4 hair shops and 62 females from general population in Seoul and Kyounggi area from September 8th to 27th 2011. Self-esteem and stress of the subjects were measured using questionnaires with Cronbach`s α =.843 and Cronbach`s α=.914 and all the data were analysed at .05 significant level. Results: The self-esteem was not improved after nail and hair treatment and there were no differences between groups. But the stress was significantly decreased after nail treatment(t=-7.706, p<.05) and hair treatment(t=-5.795, p<.05). The decrement of stress score after hair and nail treatment were significant between groups(F=17.639, p<.05) and the decrement were highest in nail group. Conclusion: The study results showed that beauty treatment on hair and nail for the women was effective for reducing stress significantly and nail treatment was more effective than hair treatment.


Describes how the "Marisat" system, when it becomes operational this year, will afford the opportunity to develop a reliable and rapid communications system for the delivery of a higher quality of health care to the crews of the American Merchant Fleet. The medical applications of the satellite system are compatible and will not require modifications for use with the proposed system.


Taken the first three medal winners of the body power-dominated game groups in 24th~26th Olympic Games as the objects of study and the documents, mathematical statistics and induction as the research method, this paper discusses the medal distributions of the body power-dominated game groups among all the continents,delineates its general geographical distribution features and analyses its social, historical, economical, geographical and racial influences on every continent's dominated games, which can be used as reference for China and other countries to select and train athletes, to introduce technology, and so on.


We consider the problem of using multiple mobile sensors as sensor arrays for the purpose of emitter location. Mobility suggests that intersensor positions and times are imprecisely known. We characterize the variance in the location estimation as a function of these uncertainties. Mobility also allows the array to reconfigure itself to improve localizations. We examine the use of a cost function and a look-ahead control algorithm that accounts for both mobility and location variance to maneuver sensor clusters into optimal position for source localization, while using partially distributed computations


We are interested in speeding up approximate inference in Markov Random Fields (MRFs). We present a new method that uses gates—binary random variables that determine which factors of the MRF to use. Which gates are open depends on the observed evidence; when many gates are closed, the MRF takes on a sparser and faster structure that omits "unnecessary" factors. We train parameters that control the gates, jointly with the ordinary MRF parameters, in order to locally minimize an objective that combines loss and runtime.


Abstract This article is part of a special issue on the five Muslim democracies. It aims at understanding the role played by religion, and particularly by religiously oriented actors, in Turkey's democratization processes. The first section analyzes the different theoretical approaches to the role of religion in democratization. The second section analyzes the different phases of Turkey's political history since the 1980 coup, taking into account both democratization processes and the role played by religious actors in the political system, and trying to understand the possible relations between the two phenomena.


Objective To construct and express the recombinant envelope glycoprotein trimers of human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1),at various lengths,compare determine their immunogenicity. Methods Recombinant plasmid pFUSE- gp160 was constructed using the gene of prominent HIV-1 CRF_07 strain of subtypes BC in China as a template,based on which recombinant plasmids pFUSE-gp140FF,pFUSE-gp120FF,pFUSE-gp41FF,pFUSE-N55FF and pFUSE-N28FF were constructed and transfected to 293F cells respectively. The supernatant of transfected cells were collected 120 h lat- er,purified by Ni-NTA superflow,nProtein A SepharoseTM4 Fast Flow and Superose 12 Prep Grade molecular sieve chro- matography,and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Guinea pigs were injected i.m. with three doses of various recombinant proteins combined with MF59 adjuvant in legs,100 μg for each,on days 1,30 and 60 respectively. Heart blood samples were collected 7 d before the first injection and on day 90 after the last injection,from which sera were separated and determined for antibody potency and neutralizing antibody titer by ELISA and pseudovirus system. Results Sequencing proved that recombinant plasmids pFUSE-gp160, pFUSE-gp140FF, pFUSE-gp120FF, pFUSE-gp41FF, pFUSE-N55FF and pFUSE-N28FF were constructed correctly. The target bands of various purified proteins were observed on SDS-PAGE and Western blot profiles. The expression levels of gp120FF and gp140FF were 6 and 2. 5 mg / L respectively,while those of gp41FF, N55FF and N28FF were less than 0. 5 mg / L. The expressed products reached highpurities after purification. The serum antibody potencies of guinea pigs in gp140FF and gp120FF groups were 3. 2 × 105 and 5. 33 × 105,while the neutralizing antibody titers were 405 and 462, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in other groups(P 0. 05). Conclusion Both gp140FF and gp120FF induced strong humoral immune response and neutralizing antibody in guinea pigs, which provided a reference for development of HIV-1 vaccine.


In view of such disasters as collapse and vertical cracks often occuring in high mountain embankment, some shortages of existing norms are pointed out from three aspects of embankment's stability, settlement as well as bearing capacity of foundation, meanwhile some rational viewpoints are put forward. Finally, from the aspect of quality and testing, the necessity of test road study in high embankment of mountain expressway in Anhui Province is put forward, which can be consulted by peers.


Abstract: The Switched Reluctance Motors are getting popularity among different applications like electric vehicles and traction due to their simple construction, lower cost and better efficiency. It also have the advantages of low rotor inertia, small size, high pickup, effective and easy cooling etc. Due to its simple structure, switch reluctance motors are mainly used in electric vehicles, vacuum cleaners, washing machines, servo types and variable speed applications. The switch reluctance motor has a rugged structure and is suitable for vibration and high temperature zones. The torque generated by the switch reluctance motor does not depend on the polarity of the phase current. As a result, fewer semiconductor switches are used in power converters. In addition, the losses incurred by SRM motors come only from the stator. Therefore, it can be easily cooled. In this work, the performance of different slot pole combination of SRM is analysed and compared. The Slot poles combinations taken for Analysis are : 6/4, 8/6 and 12/10. The main parameters on which the performance of SRM is compared are Electromagnetic Torque, Torque Ripple and Inductance in Transient Analysis and Output Torque and Power in Steady State Analysis. It is found that with increasing slot pole combination of SRM, the torque ripple decreases and average torque increases.


Aziz Atweh KNOWLEDGE OF UNDERGRADUATE PSYCHOLOGY-MAJOR STUDENTS OF THE APA CODE OF ETHICS 2008/08 Dr. Frank Epifanio Masters of Arts in School Psychology The initial driving force of this study was to examine the knowledge and familiarity of undergraduate psychology-major students at Rowan University with the American Psychological Association's code of ethics or ethics code. An adapted version of a 1982 questionnaire containing vignettes of clinical and research situations that required 'ethical' decision-making processes was used. The original questionnaire and design of the study were conceived by Tymchuck et al. For purposes of the current study, however, the original vignettes were slightly adapted in order to fit neatly into the APA's 2002 code of ethics. Although the only statistically significant results showed that participants that had been enrolled in psychology courses that dealt with ethics and more specifically the APA Code of Ethics, scored higher on the test meaning that they made less ethical choices in general, the sample size needed to be larger for any generalization of the results to be even considered.


Trench termination technique has been attractive for high voltage power devices design with the possibilities of reducing the chip area and improves the blocking voltage to the level of ideal one, by reducing the termination length and maintaining the ideal electric field uniformity near the chip edge. The authors unveil, for the first time, that positive charges due to the holes accumulated in the trench side wall terminate the high electric field and show the robust design for the trench termination against the avalanche phenomena.


When we find ourselves unable to agree with our friends, it seems to be appropriate that we confess and point out the path our thinking follows. Perhaps we can thereby be led to a point of mutual understanding from which more exact thinking may proceed. With this premise, I confess a lack of agreement with the recent article in the Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology written by William F. Lanne, which he titled "Parole Prediction as Science." XXVI: 377. I use the statement of the "Character Education Institute, Washington, D. C.," to define the scientific method through which the constituent parts of a science are developed. Taking these steps seriatim, we should examine the studies in the field of parole prediction to determine their sufficiency as revealed by this measure. 1. "Gather data on the problem within a selected field according to some adequate, sound plan by means of numerous and accurate observations made with the human senses assisted and corrected by instruments of precision. Observations must be recorded in definite terms and measurements and in specific statements."


Multi-level inverter has a capability to handled high power high voltage with less total harmonic distortion (THD), reduced switching losses and good power quality due to which in recent year they become more popular in high power high voltage application, with Increase in the voltage level, harmonic content in output voltage waveform will decrease. Multi-level has some disadvantage that their complexity requires greater count of power devices and has complex control circuitry. This paper present a novel multi-level inverter topology using H-bridge with other switches and which is implemented in single-phase, three-phase 7-level multi-level inverter using different PWM technique. This topology has less count of power switches, capacitor, diode and less complexity as compare to other multilevel inverter. For 7-level multi-level inverter multicarrier PWM technique is used to generate different output voltage level. Simulation result of and 7-level can be obtained by MATLAB/SIMULINK software.


One way to increase the productivity of artificial forestation is to control the density and relative position of trees. In this regard, there are tasks of finding the optimal planting schemes to obtain the maximum wood stock of a given diameter. Based on the developed simulation model, a comparative analysis of the productivity of spruce stands with different planting schemes was carried out. The optimal forest planting schemes for spruce stands, which provide the maximum stock of small, medium and large wood, are determined. It is shown that in order to maximize the stock of wood of different size classes, different initial planting densities are required. The higher the size classes of the grown wood, the lower the optimal planting density.


SUMMARY The Live Oak Regenerative Community has been applying a new culture of aging throughout the continuum of life for elders since 1977. Among a number of models for culture change, the Live Oak Regenerative Community is distinguished by its focus on building a healthy culture for aging rather than on mitigating the negative effects of aging. This paper tells the story of the development of the Live Oak Regenerative Community. It describes the values, the processes and the roles that enable the model to impact the lives of elders and to transform institutions. It describes the theoretical framework for the Regenerative Community and presents stories that illustrate how the approach has worked. A vision is offered for the Live Oak Elders Guild, an approach to creating a new role for elders of the new millennium.


Osteonecrosis is a common complication of corticosteroid therapy. In this study, we report the case of a patient with trauma of both knees one year back who had been diagnosed with knee osteonecrosis involving bilateral tibial and femur probably due to microvascular injury. A 22-year-old male patient presented with a history of twisting injury of both knees for which he had not taken proper medical treatment and splintages to immobilize the limb. He was taking some  analgesics by some medical practitioner after some time he develop gradual onset pain initially during work but after some time experienced in rest also located anteriorly in the knee. Magnetic resonance imaging performed on admission showed osteonecrosis of the bilateral proximal tibial and distal femur, almost equally pronounced. Osteonecrosis is a fairly common complication in patients with the history of corticosteroid use for the treatment of variety of systemic and rheumatic disorders but can also occurred due to trauma. The condition can manifest itself anywhere in the skeletal system, most commonly in the femoral head. Distal femur and proximal tibia with bilateral involvement is quite rare in the literature. Trauma of both knees and within one year gross osteonecrosis of bilateral knee joint is rarest presentation.


despite their increasing number and their inevitable approach. The present article is a descriptive account of the plans and activities carried out in connection with the celebration of the seventy-five years of service rendered by the Hutchinson-Central High School, Buffalo, New York. Plans for the celebration of the diamond jubilee of Buffalo's oldest high school were in the minds of the school executives for some five years before the actual date, October, 1929. In November, 1928, at a dinner attended by all the heads of departments, senior teachers, and teachers of special subjects, possible plans were outlined by the principal; and an informal inventory of resources, both personal and financial, was taken. The response was gratifying, each department signifying its readiness to contribute sums up to $500 to the anniversary fund and each staff member signifying his readiness to assist in any capacity. At this meeting the principal named an executive committee of nine, which included the two assistant principals; the head of the department of social sciences, who was the author of the diamond-jubilee pageant; the president of the alumni association, who was to act as co-ordinator between the school and the alumni; the head of the commercial department, who was to have charge of the finances; the librarian; the secretary; the dean of teachers; and the instructor in charge of publicity. Each member of the executive committee in turn acted as chairman of a subcommittee and chose his own committee members, each of whom was invited to serve in a cordial note from the principal. In this way, all the 16o members of the faculty became intimately associated with 461


Two fundamental components of causality are the Cause and the Result. In linguistic work the distinction between these aspects is commonly blurred, presumably because the primary research focus has ...


Sargent, Michael G, ed. Nicholas Love, The Mirror of the Blessed Lite of Jesus Christ: A Reading Text. Exeter: Exeter University Press, 2004. Pp. xxxvii, 280. Anyone editing what is believed to be the most important book in latemedieval England addresses two authences, as Sargent explains in his foreword. One group of readers comprises research-oriented academics, and the second consists of all persons interested in the text itself and its spirituality as expressed in the editor's flawless modern prose style. Sargent's introduction (sixteen pages) is very valuable, because it elucidates the complex circumstances of Love's creation. At a time when Bibles in the vernacular were few and slow in coming, this text was one of the best-read spiritual sources on the life of Christ, meditations like the Franciscan Meditationes Vitae Christi (fourteenth century - henceforth MVQ, which Sargent translated. The Meditationes comprised devotions according to the gospel narratives, included apocryphal episodes, and the basic doctrines of Christianity. Containing, for example, the dual presentation of Christ's nailing to the cross (upright or tacente cruce), the MFC influenced the iconography as well as the passion mysteries. The various translations of the MVC text into the European vernaculars, estimated by Love to be one hundred, introduced yet more apocryphal elements, but many of these versions brought only the passion sequences. The modern English translation is faithful to the original MVC: Isa Ragusa and Rosalie Green, Meditations on the Life of Christ: An Elustrated Manuscript of the Fourteenth Century (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1961). The MVC sequence can be read as distributed to the feasts of the ecclesiastical year or over the course of a week. This reviewer edited a French text (in at least twenty-three manuscripts) , commissioned by Isabeau de Baviere, Queen of France, in 1398 (see incipits), a tract which influenced the mystery plays of Arnoul Greban and Jean Michel, who adopted such details as Lazarus's report from Hell and Mary's conversation with Christ before his death (where she asks the famous four questions: see Jean-Pierre Bordier, "Les quatre requetes de Notre Dame," in Bordier, ed. L'economie du dialogue dans l'ancien theâtre europeen [Paris: Champion, 1999]: 187-210; and Edelgard E. DuBruck, La Passion Lsabeau: une edition du manuscrit fr. 966 de la Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris [New York: Peter Lang, 1990]). In viewing the manuscripts, some of which have beautiful miniatures (for example, Peniarth 482 from Aberystwyth's Library of Wales), DuBruck found still other similar texts, some not yet catalogued, most in the immediate vicinity of Paris. The Passion Lsabeau starts fifteen days before Christ's death and resurrection (which is not included), when Lazarus was resuscitated; the text treats the events of Holy Week, i.e., chs. 66 to 84 of the MVC. Nicholas Love's Mirror of the Blessed Life was penned in the first decade of the fifteenth century; the author (translator) was Prior of the Carthusian House of the Assumption of Our Lady in Mount Grace, Yorkshire, and died in 1424. Sargent explains the differences between Carthusians and Franciscans, variations of intent which distinguish the Mirror from the MVC and its continental translations. …


OBJECTIVE
Appropriate placement of the double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT) is essential for one-lung ventilation. Several formulae based on body height (BH) have been used for estimating the optimal insertion depth of a left-sided DLT. In this study, the authors examined the following 5 formulae for accuracy of prediction: 0.11×BH+10.53 (cm) from Brodsky et al(1); 0.15×BH+3.96 (cm) from Bahk and Oh(2); 0.148×BH+3.8 (cm) from Chow et al;(3) 0.1×BH+12.5 (cm) from Takita et al(4); and 0.1977×BH - 4.2423 (cm) (authors' formula).

DESIGN
Single-center, retrospective, observational study.

SETTING
University hospital.

PARTICIPANTS
Anesthetic records of patients older than 20 years who received one-lung ventilation using a left-sided DLT were included.

INTERVENTIONS
The patients' sex, age, body weight, BH, and the final correct insertion depth of the left-sided DLT after fiberscope verification were recorded. Linear regression and correlation were used to analyze the data.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
One hundred seventy anesthetic records were analyzed. The insertion depth was distributed normally in 4 groups with different BH intervals. The correlations between the correct insertion depth and all the lengths calculated using each formula were significant (p<0.001), with a similar high coefficient of determination (r = 0.809). The regression line derived from the authors' formula-0.1977×BH - 4.2423 (cm)-showed the most accuracy in predicting the correct insertion depth.

CONCLUSIONS
The height-based formula of 170 - 29.5 - 5 - 1 (the insertion depth is 29.5 cm for patients who are 170 cm tall, and the insertion length is increased or decreased by 1 cm for every 5 cm increase or decrease in BH) modified by the equation of 0.1977×BH - 4.2423 is a useful tool to predict the optimal insertion depth in initially blind left-sided DLT insertion.


Background & Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare peritubal leak in cuffed and uncuffed tubes in infants at standardised ventilatorsettings. Secondary objective was to see incidence of accidental extubation and postoperative respiratory complications such as stridor and sore throat. Methods: With ethics committee approval, a prospective,randomised,clinical study was conducted. Patients aged between birth to 1 year, American Society of Anesthesiologists ASA grade I,II and III, requiring general anaesthesia with orotracheal intubation in prone position during elective surgery were included and children with parents not giving consent,children with airway anomaly, laparoscopic surgery, and emergency surgery were excluded. Tracheal tube size was judged as adequate if the leak pressure was 20 cm H2O or less. Tube was exchanged to next larger size if the leak pressure was too high and tube size was exchanged to next smaller size, when cuff pressure exceeded 20 cm H2O. Results: 60 infants were studied.In group 1 in which cuffed tube was used, there were no leaks,on the other hand, in group 2,17 out of 30 patients had peritubal leak and tube was exchanged to next larger size uncuffed tube, p value was <0.001. Moreover, the incidenceof accidental extubation, post extubation sore throat and stridor was more in uncuffed group, It was 2/6/6 in uncuffed group and 0/3/4 in cuffed group respectively. Tracheal tube exchange rate was also higher in uncuffed group. Conclusion: We found that in microcuff paediatric endotracheal tube, there is less peritubal leak; selection of cuffed tube with small internal diameter compared to uncuffed tubes implicates a higher chance for adequate fit of the tube at cricoid ring and due to this there is least chance of accidental extubation in the prone position. Peritubal leak Group I (n=30) Group II (n=30) Total (n=60) No. % No. % No. % Absent 30 100.0 13 43.3 43 71.7 Present 0 0.0 17 56.7 17 28.3


The LiCoO2/LISICON/Fe3O4 structured solid-state film lithium battery is designed to realize a reversible control of the magnetization in Fe3O4 film. LISICON (Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5P3O12) is selected to serve as the solid-state electrolyte owing to its excellent Li ion transport property at room temperature. A reversible and non-volatile control of the saturation magnetization of Fe3O4 film between the charged and discharged states was obtained, and the modulation ratio can reach as high as 10%. The redox of Fe ions, caused by the intercalation/deintercalation of lithium ion in Fe3O4 film, is responsible for the observed magnetic variation. The battery consisting entirely of solid films provides a promising strategy to control the magnetic properties electrically, which will be a very hopeful candidate for many practical applications.


Identifies certain commonalities in the bases of the moral philosophies of Rand (individualist/capitalist/egoist) and Marx (collectivist/socialist/altruist), such as a man's natural rights and materialism. Examines their philosophies from an ethical viewpoint, looking at the origins and content of morality, moral laws, the principles of ethics and realistically reflects the nature of man, as man can be neither wholly altruistic nor wholly individualistic but is rather a combination of both, with man's self‐development depending on interaction with other haman beings. Concludes that neither doctrine presents a viable model of social organization.


The antenna device, which may correspond to various environments is disclosed. The antenna device according to the present disclosed invention, each in a different direction and having a plurality of radiating elements for forming a primary radiation pattern, to selectively forward information transmission and reception is possible emission unit and a switch unit that is selectively movable to a plurality of radiating elements It includes. With this configuration, it is possible to reconstruct the radiation pattern in response to a variety of environments, it is possible to improve the transmission efficiency of information. Antenna, MIMO, slot, a radiation pattern, reconfiguration, switching, asymmetric, symmetric,


System (100) establishes the telephone call between the parties (160) which was called call party. System (100) contains the identity of the party called (120), receiving a telephone call connection request from a calling party (110), based on the identification information, the called party (120) is currently a data network It determines whether it is connected to (150). If the called party (120) is currently connected to a data network (150), the system establishes the telephone call between the instant messaging client of the party called and the calling party (110) (120).


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between financial sector development and inequality in South Africa for the period from 1990 to 2012. Unlike previous studies, the study examines the role of both the broad measure of financial sector development (Bank credit to the private sector) and a measure of financial inclusion (ATMs). Design/methodology/approach - Utilising quarterly data, the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing model approach to cointegration test was estimated. The approach was preferred due to its compatibility with data of different orders and flexibility. Findings - The findings indicate that financial development, especially when it is inclusive reduces the level of inequality in South Africa both in the short- and long-run. The results also highlighted that economic growth, external trade activities and government activities have played a very important role in reducing inequality in South Africa. On the other hand the empirical results also highlight that increasing inflation is regressive on inequality in South Africa. Research limitations/implications - The results from the study imply that financial development on its own though important may not benefit the disadvantaged groups such as the poor and the rural community until it is inclusive. It is important to note that the study was carried out on the premise that inequality plays a very important role in exacerbating poverty levels in South Africa. Practical implications - The paper highlights another avenue which authorities can pursue to reduce the level of inequality in the country. Social implications - The paper documents the importance of financial inclusion in reducing the level of inequality in South Africa rather than advocating for financial sector development only. Originality/value - The paper makes a contribution through analysing the effect of financial inclusion on income inequality rather than broad financial sector development which is common to the majority of the available empirical studies.


Report presenting an investigation of a slot-lip aileron and a plain aileron singly and in combination with an NACA 23012 wing with a full-span slotted flap. Static rolling, yawing, and hinge moments were determined and are presented for several angles of attack and flap deflection.


• This study was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and the Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management to operation of the Regional Pharmacovigilance Center in 2020. Received: November 18, 2020 Revised: January 6, 2021 Accepted: January 7, 2021 © 2021 The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 요오드화 조영제 부작용: 성분별 발생 빈도 비교


This report describes PTL, a program to assist in constructing proofs in propositional logic extended by the operators $\Box$ ("always"), $\Diamond$ ("eventually") and $\bigcirc$ ("at the next step"). This is called propositional temporal logic and is one of two systems of logic presented by Abadi and Manna in [1].


In the Nineteenth Century a number of atlases were published in Canada each of which was devoted to a single county. Many of these atlases purported to show all the houses and land holdings as they were at the time of compilation. The writer analyzed one such atlas, published in 1879, and devoted to Pictou County, Nova Scotia. This atlas contained maps of the polling sections of the day. The writer was able to show that these correspond to the twenty-six sub-divisions used in the Census of Canada 1880–81. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a close correspondence between the number of farms of ten acres or more in size recorded per polling section in the atlas, and the number recorded per sub-division in the census (r 0.98). It therefore seemed probable that the information provided in the atlas could be used as the basis of a statistical analysis of the pattern of farm location. Au cours du dix-neuvieme siecle, un certain nombre d'atlas ont ete publies au Canada, traitant chacun d'un seul comte...


Somos sequences are integer sequences generated by recurrence relations that are in bilinear form, meaning that they can be written as a quadratic relation between adjacent sets of iterates. Such sequences have appeared in number theory, statistical mechanics and algebraic combinatorics, as well as arising from reductions of bilinear partial difference equations in the theory of discrete integrable systems. This article is concerned with the general form of the Somos-6 recurrence, which is a three-parameter family of bilinear recurrences of order six. After explaining how it arises by reduction from the bilinear discrete BKP equation (Miwa's equation), an invariant Poisson bracket for Somos-6 is presented. Four independent Casimirs of this bracket, which are the invariants under the action of a group of gauge transformations, lead to an associated map on a four-dimensional reduced phase space. Two rational first integrals for this map are constructed, and (for certain parameter choices) these are found to be in involution for a non-degenerate Poisson bracket associated with a symplectic form on the reduced phase space, so that the map is Liouville integrable. For generic parameter values the explicit analytic solution of the Somos-6 recurrence is given in terms of the Kleinian sigma function for a curve of genus two.


for the changing attitude of the USA toward China in the middle of the forties; and the defeat of the Nationalists is explained almost entirely by the suggested weakness and inadequacy of American policy. There is no analysis, no interpretation, no synthesis in the body of this account; and hardly any even in the concluding chapter, though it bears the promising title "Summation and Interpretation." Perhaps, judging by the strong emphasis upon it on the book jacket and in the introduction, this is the author's interpretation of objectivity. The justification for this book must then be sought in the substantial revelation of new facts, but, alas, here too it fails, even though the author is using some Chinese sources. In contrast to the misunderstood objectivity of Wei, Theodore Chen's booklet on China under Communism is a scholarly account which represents on a few pages in masterfully summarized fashion a picture of the major aspects of Communist China as of 1955. The author's purpose, of course, was different. He had, in a lecture, to present the essence rather than the details of Communist China, although these are by no means missing. They are sparingly introduced, sufficient to substantiate the main points. These are that Communist China is a monolithic, totalitarian state whose leaders, while deeply involved in the practical task of building a modern, industrialized state, yet seem to be motivated by theoretical-ideological concepts. After reading the Wilbur and How book, the question arises, of course, how much this motivation may be pretended for public consumption and how much of it is genuine. The citizens for whose benefit all this is allegedly being done are objecting, now and then, to the new burdens imposed upon them as the price of these benefits. But, in the author's cautiously expressed opinion, they will not be able to threaten the foundation or essential structure of the new state. Indeed, if this state should succeed in its plans, they may be unwilling to do so.


Abstract. 1. Experimental studies have shown that larvae of threePieris butterflies, P.rapae L., P.melete Mènètriés and P.napi L., are attacked by a parasitoid wasp, Apanteles glomeratus L. Although P.rapae larvae are parasitized heavily in the field, P.melete and P.napi are infrequently parasitized successfully because they possess mechanisms for encapsulating parasitoid larvae and for avoiding parasitism.


....... . . . . 1. The Coding Problem ............ ... 1.1 The Communication System ...... .. 1.2 Channel Capacity . ............ 1.3 xamples of Channels Telegraph and Teletype 1.4 The Fundamental Theorem . . . . . . . . .... 1.5 Criteria for Good Codes .. ......... 1.6 Classes of the Coding Problem . . ..... 2. Some Preliminary Considerations o Coding ..... 2.1 The ree Graph for Coding . ..... 2.2 Decodability ............ .. 2.3 -The Eraft Inequality . . . . . ... 3. Discussion of GClass IA . ............. 3.1 Best Efficiency Ideal and Actual ..... 3.2 Sufficiency of Cost Set Satisfying IKraft Ineq: 3.3 The Shannon Procedure . . . . ...... ·* ·


Soft storey" mechanism is the most frequent failure mode of reinforced concrete (R.C.) structures. The present work focused on an effect of soft storey. Severe structural damage suffered by several modern buildings during recent earthquakes illustrates the importance of avoiding sudden changes in lateral stiffness and ductility. Effective stiffness assumption in the modeling of reinforced concrete (RC) frame members is important for seismic design because it directly affects the building periods and dynamic response, particularly deflection and internal force distribution. The soft storey effect will not only increase the total seismic horizontal load, which will induce huge moments in the columns, but also could increase the axial force in some columns. This situation will create very serious problems for columns. 1] Introduction Earthquake produces waves which vibrate the base of structure in various manners and directions, because of which lateral force is developed on structure which shears the column or sometimes even it buckles the whole column resulting in failure of structure. Many urban multistory buildings in India today have open first storey as an unavoidable feature. Storey. The upper storeys have brick in filled wall panels. The draft Indian seismic code classifies a soft storey as one whose lateral stiffness is less than 50% of the storey above or below. Interestingly, this classification renders most Indian buildings, with no masonry infill walls in the first storey, to be "buildings with soft first storey." Whereas the total seismic base shear as experienced by a building during an earthquake is dependent on its natural period, the seismic force distribution is dependent on the distribution of stiffness and mass along the height. In buildings with first soft storey, the upper storey being stiff, undergo smaller inter-storey drifts. However, the inter-storey drift in the soft first storey is large. The strength demands on the columns in the first storey for third buildings are also large, as the shear in the first storey is maximum. For the upper storeys, however, the forces in the columns are effectively reduced due to the presence of the Building with abrupt changes in storey stiffness have uneven lateral force distribution along the height, which is likely to locally induce stress concentration. This has adverse effect on the performance of buildings during ground shaking. Such buildings are required to be analyzed by the dynamic analysis and designed carefully. A soft storey known as weak storey is defined as a storey in a building that has substantially less resistance or stiffness or inadequate ductility (energy absorption capacity) to resist the earthquake induced building stresses. Soft storey buildings are characterized by having a International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 1, January-2013 ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER © 2013 http://www.ijser.org storey which has a lot of open space due to functional utility like parking garages, for example, are often soft storey, as are large retail spaces or floors with a lot of windows. Composite Action between steel & concrete Steel & concrete have almost the same coefficient of thermal expansion. Steel concrete composite construction utilizes the compressive strength of concrete with the tensile strength of steel so as to evolve an effective & economic structural system .hence; these essentially different materials are completely compatible to each other. Stress distribution diagram is shown in Fig 1 Fig 1 Stress distribution of plastic resistance to compression of an encased I section 2] Study of Soft Storey Mechanism 1) Factor which affect the soft storey mechanism An earthquake ground motion will search for every structural weakness. These weaknesses are usually created by sharp changes in stiffness, strength and/or ductility, and the effects of these weaknesses are accentuated by poor distribution of reactive masses. Severe structural damage suffered by several modern buildings during recent earthquakes illustrates the importance of avoiding sudden changes in lateral stiffness and strength. a) Stiffness A building is made up of both rigid and flexible elements. For example, beams and columns may be more flexible than stiff concrete walls or panels. Less rigid building elements have a greater capacity to absorb several cycles of ground motion before failure, in contrast to stiff elements, which may fail abruptly and shatter suddenly during an earthquake. Earthquake forces automatically focus on the stiffer, rigid elements of a building. For this reason, buildings must be constructed of parts that have the same level of flexibility, so that one element does not bend too much and transfer the energy of the earthquake to less ductile elements of the building. When the earthquake struck, the longer, more flexible columns at the front of the building passed the earthquake forces on to the short, stiffer columns in the back instead of distributing the forces equally among all of the columns. Deflection, the extent to which a structural element moves or bends under pressure played a major role. The longer columns simply deflected or bent without cracking. The short columns, therefore, were overwhelmed and cracked. The rate of deflection is used as a measure of the stiffness of a structure. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 1, January-2013 ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER © 2013 http://www.ijser.org Fig 1.1 a Irregularity of lateral stiffness According to the National Specification, a soft storey (irregularity in lateral stiffness) is defined as a storey in which the lateral stiffness is less than 70% of that of the storey above or less than 80% of the average stiffness of the three storeys above Fig.1.1.a. Moreover, a discontinuity in vertical elements in a lateral load resisting system and the requirements of transfer of internal forces in these elements through horizontal structural elements (like a transfer truss/plate) as well as the case of abrupt change in shear capacity (Qy) of a lateral load resisting system between two adjacent storeys (that is Qy,i<0.8Qy,i+1) see Fig 1.2 a. are also classified as vertical irregularities. Fig 1.2. a Irregularity of shear capacity along building height Failure Models Fig 1.3.a and Fig 1.4.a. shows failure models Fig 1.3 a. Failure model 1 Very stiff upper floors drifts over an open plan ground floor with insufficient resistance to moment in column to slab connections resulting in plastic hinges (1) permanent drift. Open plan shows and densely compartmented flats above result in a soft storey situation. Beyond International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 1, January-2013 ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER © 2013 http://www.ijser.org the limited elastic range of the column to slab connections, plastic hinges are formed. (1) With reduced stiffness, plasticized connections fail, throwing the building to the ground left side first. (2) Impact with ground probably causes the failure to left tower and its roof falls to the road. (3)The last column to detach is number (4) settling the building on its own screen. Fig 1.4 a. Failure model 2 Building with open plan shops and two floors of densely compartmented flats above. Past the elastic range of column to beam connections of the ground floor hinge (1) and building drifts to one side and collapses. (2) Impact with ground probably causes hinging in the first floor connections and a new "soft storey" is formed. (3) Note the column piercing the slab (4) suggesting the first floor failed drifting towards the last. b) Ductility and Strength Ductility is the ability to undergo distortion or deformation without resulting in complete breakage or failure. The ductility of a structure is in fact one of the most important factors affecting its earthquake performance. One of the primary tasks of an engineer designing a building to be earthquake resistant is to ensure that the building will possess enough ductility to withstand the size and types of earthquakes it is likely to experience during its lifetime. Curvature ductility Defining the yield Φy and ultimate Φu curvatures as shown in Fig.1.1. b the curvature ductility of the cross section μΦ is defined as μΦ = Φu / Φy (1) Furthermore, assuming that the curvature ductility is related to the overall structural ductility μΔ according to μΦ = 4 μΔ (Park and Paulay 1975) and that the system ductility for special moment frames μΔ=3, members of frames designed for inelastic action in regions of high seismicity should have curvature ductility's of approximately μΦ > 12. With this as a guide, the inelastic behavior of the composite cross sections can be evaluated based on the moment versus curvature behavior shown in Figs. 1.1.b for several design parameters. Discrete curvature ductility's determined from these plots . International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 1, January-2013 ISSN 2229-5518 IJSER © 2013 http://www.ijser.org Fig 1.1 b Definition of curvature ductility ratio c) Effect of soft storey on column The soft storey effect will not only increase the total seismic horizontal load, which will induce huge moments in the columns, but also could increase the axial force in some columns. This situation will create very serious problems for columns. The first reason for this philosophy is that it is much easier to design a beam with high ductility, since the axial force in beams is very small and no Pthe failures of beams would not create a catastrophic situation. However, we can conclude that the plastic hinge will occur at the column first, since the beams have been strengthened by the walls. This means the strong-column-weak-beam design breaks down and the actual structural behavior is strong-beam-weak-column. Also, another situation causing column failure by non-structural walls is the well-known short-column effect. 3] MODELING


The application of linear optical sampling to FBG sensing measurement can effectively overcome the limitation of traditional measurement methods in achieving precise measurement due to resolution constraints.


The purpose of this research is to find out the impact on the promotion strategy which consists of Advertising, Direct Marketing, Public Relation, Sales Promotion, Function and Task of DISBUDPAR either simultaneously or partially to the enhancement of the tourists' visit to the Surabaya Museum, particularly to the 10 November Museum Surabaya.The simultaneous test result shows that simultaneously the variables of Advertising, Direct Marketing, Public Relation, Sales Promotion, Function and Task of DISBUDPAR have significant impact on the enhancement of the tourists' visit at Museum Surabaya, particularly to the 10 November Museum Surabaya. While the partial test result shows that partially the variables of Advertising, and Function of DISBUDPAR have no significant impact, on the other hand, partially the variables of Direct Marketing, Public Relation, Sales Promotion, Task of DISBUDPAR have significant impact on the enhancement of the tourists' visit at Museum Surabaya, particularly to the 10 November Museum Surabaya. The Public Relation variable has dominant impact on the enhancement of the tourists' visit at museum Surabaya, particularly to the 10 November Museum Surabaya. Keywords :Advertising, Direct Marketing, Public Relation, Sales Promotion.


The article touches upon the functions and quality criteria of higher schools educational standards. The system of criteria for quality evaluation of higher schools educational standards is offered.


UNLABELLED
Mycophenolate Mofetil (M MF) is a new immunosuppressive agent with proven efficacy for the prevention of kidney allograft rejection. However, only little experience is available with the use of MMF in liver transplant recipients.

OBJECTIVES
In this prospective, controlled trial the efficacy and safety of MMF and Azathioprine (AZA) were compared in a Neoral based quadruple immunosuppressive regimen after orthotopic liver transplantation.

METHODS
Between 12/96 and 12/98 57 adult patients were enrolled in the study at the University of Hamburg. 28 patients were randomised to MMF, 29 patients to AZA in combination with equivalent doses of lymphocyte antibodies, Neoral and methylprednisolone.

RESULTS
After a median follow-up of 10+/-3.2 months patient or graft survival did not differ significantly between the MMF and AZA group. However, MMF treated patients experienced less frequently acute rejection episodes (MMF: 6/28; 21.4% versus AZA: 13/29; 44.8%) (p=0.06). Furthermore, thrombocytopenia (MMF: 6/28; 21.4% versus AZA: 14/29; 48.3%) (p<0.05) and leukopenia (MMF: 2/28; 7.1% versus AZA: 6/29; 20%) (p=0.14) were less often observed under MMF compared to AZA. The incidence of serious bacterial infections and cytomegalovirus infections was almost identical in both groups. These preliminary data suggest that after liver transplantation primary immunosuppression with MMF is advantageous over AZA with regard to safety and efficacy.


In present work, nickel doped zinc ferrite nanoparticles were prepared via hydrothermal technique. The prepared nanopowders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and antimicrobial activity. The XRD analysis revealed that the presence of sharp diffraction peaks and cubic-structure of the prepared samples. SEM analysis revealed that there is a significant degree of agglomeration in the samples, whereas VSM studies revealed the magnetic behaviour and cation distribution in the prepared samples. The prepared nanopowder has also been evaluated for its antimicrobial properties against Gram-negative bacteria (Enterobacter aerogenes) and Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis). An increasing in the ratio of nickel to zinc in ferrite nanoparticles led to an evident rise in their activity. These nanoparticles with enhanced structure and antimicrobial properties could find applications in hygiene, therapeutic and textile fields.


Objective:There are few population-based prospective studies on heart failure (HF) in non-Western populations. We sought to identify the association between the traditional cardiovascular risk factors and the incident latent HF (LHF) in a general Japanese population.Design and method:We prospectivel