Mitigation of harmful and greenhouse gas emissions produced by the coal combustion in thermal power plant is a topic goal. Reduction of the nitrogen oxides, sulfur and ash emissions makes remarkable progress but the carbon dioxide emission still meets considerable difficulties mostly caused by the low greenhouse gas content in the flue gas. A prospective solution to this problem may be the fuel combustion in oxygen-enriched air, which increases the flue gas carbon dioxide content. In this technology, the carbon dioxide content in flue gas is higher and this results in its easier capture. This paper presents the thermodynamic analysis results of a steam turbine power production facility that burns coal in the air with high oxygen content. The computer simulation shows that the oxygen content increase from 21 to 95.6% increases the carbon dioxide content in flue gas by a factor of 3.3 and lowers the power consumption for carbon dioxide capture by 11%. On the other side, the power consumption for pure oxygen production reduces the facility's net efficiency from 28.54 to 21.59%.


The paper describes a modification of the method which uses the modal filtration for damage detection [11] to make it suitable for rotating machinery. Authors have formulated a diagnostic procedure which is based on the output only data measured during object operation. The measurement can be performed both by accelerometers placed on the shaft bearing cages and directly on the shaft with use of the laser vibrometer. The procedure was verified on the experimental data. For the experimental verification authors have used the laboratory stand which allows simulation of different faults.


We analyze the photoluminescence and photoluminescence-excitation spectra of a 10-nm-thick (311)-oriented GaAs/Al 0.33 Ga 0.67 As single quantum well of state-of-the-art optical quality. The ground-state (1S) heavy-hole exciton transition is coincident in emission and absorption and has a linewidth of 0.86 meV. We observe the first excited state (2S) of the heavy-hole as well as of the light-hole exciton, allowing accurate determination of their binding energies. Having determined, in addition, both the quantum-well width and the barrier composition by independent means, we can thus deduce from the experimental transition energies the heavy-hole and light-hole masses along the [311] direction


Learning media as a tool to create an effective teaching and learning situation and to improve the quality of student learning. This study aims to (1) facilitate students visually in computer learning (2) efforts to optimize the absorption of concrete information for children with special needs in computer learning. The lack of availability of teaching materials that suit the needs of children with special needs in computer skills subjects makes teaching staff have to innovate with teaching materials from public schools. This learning module was developed to overcome the problems experienced by teachers and students. The results of this study are expected to be a benchmark for teaching staff in delivering material to students and can improve skills in learning computer skills of students at SLB Negeri Balikpapan.


Transient pump-probe reflectivity measurements are performed on crystalline and amorphous Silicon samples with 50 fs optical pulses at 2 eV. The excited carrier densities range from 1017cm3 up to a few 1021cm3. In both cases the reflectivity signal is dominated by a Drude-like carrier response. Crystalline Silicon shows a distinct subpicosecond feature due to the cooling of the optically excited hot carriers with a time constant of 200-300 fs. Diffusion and Auger-recombination come into play at higher carrier densities. A superlinear increase of instant reflectivity signal with excitation fluence is due to two-photon absorption (TPA) with a TPA-coeffiecient f:37+-5 cm/GW. In amorphous Silicon the TPA process is not observable. The recovery of the induced negative reflectivity changes is dominated by trapping into bandtail and defect states at lower carrier densities. At higher densities a non-radiative recombination process dominates the relaxation of free carriers in both materials. Comparison with crystalline Silicon clearly demonstrates the enhancement of the Auger-recombination process in disordered materials by more than an order of magnitude.


Artificial discs have been developed to replace and restore motion to degenerated intervertebral discs. The most common configuration for these devices include ball and socket articulation surfaces that can induce high frictional torques and wear rates. When these particles interact with the surrounding tissues they can induce inflammations leading to osteolysis, subsidence of the implant and then revision surgery.

A new device has been developed to reduce friction and eliminate wear migration that incorporates an elastomer sheath to encapsulate the disc, retaining debris and an optimised bio-lubricant. The artificial disc has been assessed with an experimental programme that compared the resistive torques of the artificial discs both with and without encapsulation, for a range of motions. Durability tests were also conducted to 2M cycles and gravimetric wear rate was measured in accordance with BS 18192-1: 2011. Encapsulating the articulating surfaces reduced resistive torques and completely eliminated debris migration. Wear rates within the sheath ranged from 10.1 to 11.3 mg/million cycles, well within acceptable levels for this type of device.

The encapsulated discs successfully contained all wear debris and displayed durability in excess of 2M accelerated life cycles. The concept of an encapsulated artificial disc has been shown to be feasible and could replace current technologies.


This paper describes a "digital content protection LSI" that prevents the hacking of PC-based digital TV receivers. Given the wide public knowledge about PC architecture, crackers may gain unauthorized access to PC software. Consequently, many broadcasters and other content holders are concerned that digital broadcast content may be stolen. This situation has curtailed the development of PC-based digital TV receivers for some time. Therefore, we have designed a protection scheme whereby content is protected even in open architecture environments such as the PC environment. This protection has been implemented in the form of a digital content protection LSI. These LSIs will open the way for the continued development of PC-based digital TV receivers.


The land-bridge concept is discussed in relationship to all modes of transportation. The land-bridge opportunity appears to be one of special relevance to rail carriers, but with little effect on highway carriers except for sporadic movements of several containers or for short-haul movements. However, there are opportunities for highway participation, especially in the early stages of the land-bridge operation. Studies conducted by the Santa Fe Railroad into all aspects of containerization are described. The studies delved into all aspects of containerization: tare weight, aerodynamic characteristics, center of gravity, transfer techniques, transportation costs, and capital costs. The impact of physical differences on railroad costs was measured and translated into the effect on shippers distribution cost. Computer programs enabled simulation of actual operating conditions on the railroad. Traffic flow data between the United States and all parts of the world are reviewed. Land-bridge offers the following things: ( 1 ) to the railroads, a new source of business, ( 2 ) to the shipper, the tangible benefits of containerization, plus a reliable and shorter transit time, ( 3 ) to the steamship operators, a realistic method to service another trade route with an existing system but without the inherent consequences of additional capital expenditures, ( 4 ) to railroad and maritime labor in this country, more jobs and handling traffic now moving in foreign bottoms, and ( 5 ) to the U. S. government, a favorable balance of payments impact.


Preface 1. Introductory 2. The simple conic 3. Equal area projections 4. Orthomorphic projections 5. Perspective projections 6. Miscellaneous projections 7. The deformation of projections 8. Finite measurements 9. The best projection for a given country Index.


Few inventions have revolutionized the laboratory analyst's job as much as the microprocessor. It has been incorporated into nearly all laboratory equipment and instrumentation and the benefits have been widely felt; particularly so in the field of automatic chemistry. The requirements of automatic chemistry are that the instrument must be left to run automatically without operator attention: a task to which microprocessors are ideally suited. Not only can they control the entire analytical system, but, because they can act ,intelligently' with it, they can correct any deviation or errors detected.


A 48-year-old man was first referred to our clinic in January 1989 because of marked hypocholesterolemia with very low HDL cholesterol, anemia, and hyperbilirubinemia. He had large tonsils, corneal opacities, hepatosplenomegaly, and thrombocytopenia. Serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol were 0.72, 2.6, and 0.16 mmol/L (28, 232, and 6 mg/dL), respectively. Concentrations of apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and A-II were 1.3 and 0.9 μmol/L (3.9 and 1.5 mg/dL), respectively. His daughter's serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and apo A-I were 3.3 mmol/L, 0.64 mmol/L, and 34.7 μmol/L (128, 24, and 104 mg/dL), respectively. He was diagnosed with Tangier disease by clinical manifestations, analysis of lipoproteins, and 2D electrophoresis, which confirmed the increase of preproapo A-I. Interestingly, xanthoma in the Achilles' tendons, which had rarely been reported in patients with Tangier disease, was observed in the patient, and the thickness was 9 mm (mean of bilateral determinations; control, 6±2 mm). Subsequently, …


A series of Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized with physicochemical and spectral techniques. Absorption titration study of the interaction of the complexes with calf-thymus (CT) DNA has shown that the complexes can bind to CT DNA. The cyclic voltammograms of all the complexes recorded in the presence of CT DNA-buffer solution have shown that they can bind to CT DNA via intercalation mode, which has also been verified by the viscosity experiments. The antimicrobial and DNA cleavage activities of all the compounds have also been investigated.


This book brings to life the remarkable story of how family planning programs developed in three continents (Asia, Latin American, and Africa) during the second half of the twentieth century. This is public health and social change on the macro-scale, and such a change never before occurred as quickly as the growth family planning did. The book includes twenty-three case studies as well as introductory and concluding chapters. Among the authors are some of the most prominent people in the family planning field. These authors document staggering successes (Korea and Thailand) as well as massive efforts that were largely ineffective (e.g., Philippines, Pakistan). As the editors, note, "The authors are senior professionals who had firsthand experience with the programs, regrettably, the gender bias of the period has resulted in a predominantly male authorship" (p. 421). The editors point out that much of the history behind the creation of national programs has vanished and that young people entering the field are often unaware of it. This volume can definitely fill that gap and explain the unprecedented changes brought about by family planning efforts. I also recommend the volume to experienced public health managers and researchers. Not only is this history presented in interesting ways, but many chapters on specific countries conclude with lessons learned. Unlike many edited volumes, this one is coherent, from the succinct and informative introduction by Stephen Sinding through the varied case studies to the concluding chapter in which the editors synthesize the chapters on individual countries. The country cases are organized by region: the Middle East and North Africa (Egypt, Iran, Tunisia, and Morocco), Europe and Central Asia (Turkey only), Latin America and the Caribbean (Chile, Columbia, Guatemala, and Jamaica), East Asia and the Pacific (Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines), South Asia (India, Bangladesh and Pakistan—presented in one chapter, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and SubSaharan Africa (Ghana and Kenya). Each of the case studies explains the social and historical background of the country, setting the context for an analysis of how family planning was implemented. Each country case includes a helpful time line, useful for keeping track of the country's family planning milestones and helpful for comparing the relative experiences of different countries. While the book's chapters cohere, the explanation of why these particular countries were chosen occurs only in the final chapter, written by the editors: "The 23 case studies presented here were the earliest national efforts to establish organized family planning programs for entire populations" (p. 421). This explanation is not quite consistent


By estimating a stochastic frontier production function that links labor and capital variables in 410 agricultural companies, the behavior of the agricultural productive efficiency in Colombia was evaluated, as well as its effects by geographic location and business size. Results showed that the factors that contribute most to the production function are related to the labor force, business liquidity and intangible assets, aspects that provide competitive advantages for medium and large companies; therefore, we suggest to improve the political-private strategy of business management with incentives for associativity, economic financing, access to R+D+i and transfer, directed to small agricultural companies.


Summary We consider modeling seismic wave propagation in fluid-solid coupled media, in the perspective of seismic exploration in marine environments. The spectral element method is used for the spatial discretization due to its high accuracy in relatively smooth media and high computational efficiency through a domain-decomposition based parallelization. During the implementation, fluid and solid domains are divided explicitly and handled with the acoustic-wave and elastic-wave equation, respectively. The mutual interaction between these two wave equations is modeled by coupling conditions at the fluid-solid interface. The weak forms of 4 existing coupling formulations in terms of pressure, velocity potential, displacement potential and displacement are constructed respectively. Several benchmark tests are carried out to analyze their pros and cons in the spectral element method, from the aspects of complexity, accuracy and computational efficiency.


Description mRNA migration through plasmodesmata In plants, certain transcription factors are produced in one cell but transported, sometimes as messenger RNA (mRNA), through plasmodesmata, channels between neighboring plant cells, where they act. This system helps to manage stem cell development. Kitagawa et al. now identify part of the machinery that manages this cell-to-cell transport. Transport of the mRNA encoding the KNOTTED1 homeobox transcription factor depends on Ribosomal RNA-Processing Protein 44 (AtRRP44A), which is a subunit of the RNA exosome. —PJH Intercellular transport of transcription factor mRNA through plant plasmodesmata depends on a component of the RNA-processing exosome. Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) function as mobile signals for cell-to-cell communication in multicellular organisms. The KNOTTED1 (KN1) homeodomain family transcription factors act non–cell autonomously to control stem cell maintenance in plants through cell-to-cell movement of their proteins and mRNAs through plasmodesmata; however, the mechanism of mRNA movement is largely unknown. We show that cell-to-cell movement of a KN1 mRNA requires ribosomal RNA–processing protein 44A (AtRRP44A), a subunit of the RNA exosome that processes or degrades diverse RNAs in eukaryotes. AtRRP44A can interact with plasmodesmata and mediates the cell-to-cell trafficking of KN1 mRNA, and genetic analysis indicates that AtRRP44A is required for the developmental functions of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS, an Arabidopsis KN1 homolog. Our findings suggest that AtRRP44A promotes mRNA trafficking through plasmodesmata to control stem cell–dependent processes in plants.


This research reflects on a two-year Flexible Learning pilot at Cornwall College, during which I was employed as a Flexible Learning Co-ordinator. My role involved developing Flexible Learning lessons for students studying various business and administration courses. The lessons developed engaged the students in a range of paper and computer activities for which I acted as a facilitator.


The purpose of this study was to identify the mineral content of South Aceh marbles. Marbles were collected from three selected areas: GunungKerambil, Meukek, and AlurKering. The samples were analysed mineralogical using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that marble from these three regions showed the same diffraction pattern. All samples contain carbonate ions. The carbonate phase of this sample predominantly consists of calcite (CaCO3). The phases identified on the marbles from GunungKerambil are dominated by calcite, while the phases identified from the marbles from Meukek and AlurKering are calcite and graphite.


This paper compares by computer simulation the throughput performance of a multipath interference canceller (MPIC) and that of a sliding-window chip equalizer (SWCE) in high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) in a multipath fading channel. We also propose new MPIC and SWCE configurations that suppress not only multipath interference (MPI) of the downlink shared channel (DSCH) in its own cell but also the multiuser interference (MUI) of the DSCH from a neighboring interference-dominant cell. Computer simulation results elucidate that when the MPIC or the SWCE which suppresses the MPI of the DSCH in only its own cell is employed, the MPIC achieves throughput greater than that of the SWCE ranging from a lower (i.e., the lower average received E/sub b//N/sub 0/) to a higher throughput such as 4.8 Mbit/s, which is achieved by the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of 16QAM with coding rate R = 1/2. In an even higher throughput region, achieved using the MCS of 16QAM with R = 3/4, the SWCE exhibits superiority over MPIC. Furthermore, we also clarify that with the MPIC and the SWCE with neighboring-cell MUI suppression, the SWCE achieves better throughput compared to the MPIC.


Objectives of the article: 1. To show the aspects of physical activity events' organising; 2. To analyse the social benefits of a leisure time organiser's work. Methods - analysis and synthesis, abstraction, comparative analysis contribute the penetration into complex phenomena and processes of modern reality associated with leisure in context of globalisation. Results: Leisure time organising and physical activity are the factors that promote social activeness. One of the goals of such physical activity events' is to improve social skills.The lack of social activity is a serious problem in the age of modern technology.Physical activity events have the power and can influence this negative phenomenon. This type of eventsencourages people to not close off from the society at home in front of their computers or televisions, but rather integrate into the society. Physical activity events motivate the members of society to socialise and get acquainted with new people.They also promote self-realisation, education processes, and the preservation of family, as a fundamental value. Moreover, physical activity events help to develop the feeling of communality between different people and have a lasting value. These events can change prejudice and create social changes.All of this can be considered as an improvement in the quality of life.


SE discloses a method for disaggregating RESIDUAL MATERIALS CONTAINING REUTILIZABLES at least partially, especially metals, plastics and cardboard. RESIDUAL MATERIALS ARE WAVING IN WATER BY MECHANICAL FORCES AND LARGE PARTS, INCLUDING THE PLASTIC PARTS, coarsely crushed and soluble elements, in particular cardboard, dissolve. The metallic elements are separated from the suspension as heavy materials, SOLIDOS OTHER CLUBS, particularly plastic are separated mechanically SUSPENSION AND SUSPENDED SOLIDS SEPARATE FINES OF SUSPENSION dehydration.


The purpose of this paper is to give comparison results for a class of row preconditioners. Convergence and monotone properties for the classical iterative methods associated with these preconditioners are analysed. In the final section, numerical results are presented.


A digestibility measurement aiming at determining the energetic values of the three most important by-products of the potato industry was performed in sheep maintained on metabolic pens under standard conditions. The "mash-peel'', a starch rich by-product resulting from a deep peeling of the tubers was compared to the "screening'' (uncooked fault cuttings) and to the "proteopulp'' (starch potato pulp supplemented with protein). All by-products were characterized by a digestibility of the organic matter higher than 80%. The same was true for the digestibility of the crude energy, except for the "proteopulp'' where the value was slightly lower than 80%. The digestibility of the crude protein and of the crude fiber showed more important differences between the by-products. In particular, the crude protein was weakly digestible in the "screening'' (26%) whereas the crude fiber was highly digestible in the "proteopulp'' (80%). The net energetic values of the "mash-peel'' and of the "screening'' were close to 1.10 UFL and 1.05 UFV whereas for the "proteopulp'', they were of 0.96 UFL and 0.94 UFV.


A customized apparatus with online MS is used for chemisorption measurements, providing high sensitivity, demonstrated on Pt and Cu catalysts.


the aim of this paper is to analyze several designs of printed antenna with arbitrary layouts. The accuracy and efficiency of the Wave Concept Iterative Procedure (WCIP) have been used for numeric analysis. High computational speed and used memory savings are obtained using the FFT algorithm. A comparison between different simulated results has been performed. In conducting the WCIP simulations, it was used a computational program implemented in FORTRAN language, full agreement with simulation data justify the design procedure.


. A 58-YEAR-OLD woman with a history of childhood eczema and food allergies underwent intravaginal ultrasound examination because of vaginal bleeding. The gynecologist used plastic gloves and Hibitane gel. The ultrasound transducer had a natural rubber latex (NRL) cover (Ultracover International Medical). Within 5 min, the patient developed edema and erythema on her face, and a sense of laryngeal swelling; her blood pressure was 70/50 mmHg. She was treated with intravenous epinephrine and hydrocortisone, and the symptoms soon disappeared. She also received peroral cetirizine for 5 days. The first evaluation was made 12 days after the anaphylactic reaction. She had a positive skin prick test (SPT) to grass pollen, but not to standardized NRL solution (Stallergenes, SA, Fresnes, France) or chlorhexidine chloride (1% aqueous solution) (Table 1). There was only a suggestive 2-mm reaction to one NRL glove extract (Lic) (3). Two other glove extracts (Triflex, Baxter and Armi) remained negative. The NRL use test with a NRL glove (Triflex) (1) was negative. The commercial NRL CAP-RAST (Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden) was negative. In immunospot (2), no binding of specific IgE antibodies to the NRL cover or Hibitane gel could be demonstrated in the patient's serum. Three months after the anaphylaxis, our patient had positive SPT reactions to standardized NRL solution, to several NRL glove extracts, and to an extract made from the ultrasound NRL cover (Table 1). The commercial NRL RAST was negative. In immunospot, no binding of specific IgE antibodies could be demonstrated to the ultrasound cover or several other NRL extracts despite a very high NRL allergen content in the shield (393 RLU/ml) as compared to low-allergenic NRL gloves (,10 RLU/ml) in latex RAST inhibition. Experimental studies indicate that stimulation of mast cells results in two opposing reactions, activation events that cause degranulation and desensitization events that inhibit mediator release. Mast cells display both specific and nonspecific desensitization (3). Our patient had not taken cetirizine for 7 days before the first SPT. Reactions to histamine were equal in the two tests. The patient reacted to grass pollen at the same time that the NRL tests were negative. This could be explained by specific desensitization of skin mast cells. Specific mast-cell desensitization is also thought to be the principal mechanism of acute penicillin desensitization. In penicillin-desensitized patients, SPT reactions to penicillin determinants diminish or become negative, while reactions provoked by histamine and environmental allergens are not affected by the desensitization procedure (4). In one report of 38 patients with insectsting anaphylaxis, the accurate diagnosis could not be confirmed in eight patients 1 week after anaphylaxis with SPT or RAST (5). Our study also supports the recommendation to postpone the SPT after anaphylaxis or repeat the negative tests after some months. However, in vitro tests may remain negative even after this period, because the SPT is more sensitive than in vitro tests (1).


The sudden rise in foreclosures during the Great Recession led many defaulters to seek living space in the rental market. This paper looks at whether elevated numbers of homes in the final stages of the foreclosure process, which would be associated with a surge in households seeking rental housing, leads to changes in the price of rental units. To answer this question, the study draws upon a reduced-form framework that controls for changing characteristics of the rental stock during this time period. The impact of the foreclosure-induced increase in demand on price is isolated from standard demand-side eects like income and unemployment. The empirical investigation makes use of the large variation in distressed home sales in the last decade and an exogenous determinant of foreclosures based on variation in state laws. A balanced panel follows 235 MSAs through the entire housing bubble time-line from 2005 to the end of the recession and beyond. Typical estimates of the increase in rental rates resulting from a 1% increase in the foreclosure rate is between 1% and 4%. Additional variation in rental rates can be explained by the level of house prices in the owner market and the age and size of the rental units. MSA-year observations are drawn from a mixture of publicly available time series and loan performance data from CoreLogic.


We study the novel nonlinear phenomena that emerge in a charge qubit due to the interplay between a strong microwave flux drive and a periodic Josephson potential. We first analyse the system in terms of the linear Landau–Zener–Stückelberg model, and show its inadequacy in a periodic system with several Landau–Zener crossings within a drive period. Experimentally, we probe the quasienergy levels of the driven qubit with an LC cavity, which requires the use of linear response theory. We show also that our numerical calculations are in good agreement with the experimental data.


The paper resolves a long-standing open question in network dynamics. Averaging-based consensus has long been known to exhibit an exponential gap in relaxation time between the connected and disconnected cases, but a satisfactory explanation has remained elusive. We provide one by deriving nearly tight bounds on the s-energy of disconnected systems. This in turn allows us to relate the convergence rate of consensus dynamics to the number of connected components. We apply our results to opinion formation in social networks and provide a theoretical validation of the concept of an Overton window as an attracting manifold of "viable" opinions. 2012 ACM Subject Classification Mathematics of computing → Combinatoric problems; Theory of computation → Dynamic graph algorithms


The paper attempts at providing a comparative analysis of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Muscovy during their genesis and early development. Kievan Rus, the predecessor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Muscovy, was not a single political entity; it developed from chiefdoms to city-states that were, in essence, obshchinas (communities). This makes it all the more interesting to understand why the societies with the same roots evolved to become so different. Obviously, what comes to mind is the idea of external influences experienced by various parts of Kievan Rus while the new states were being formed, but the extent and the character of those influences can be understood through comparing these states. Comparing them reveals that they initially shared considerable similarity. It may even be said that there was a common model of state formation in the 13th to 15th centuries. For the purposes of this paper it is labelled a military-service state. It is this quite archaic polity that was the starting point in the progress towards the estates-based state. The paradox of the region is that before either the Grand Duchy of Lithuania or Muscovy could transform into an estates-based state, they both underwent drastic changes: the former became part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, essentially a province within it, while the latter was plunged into Ivan the Terrible's bloody "revolution from the top", which accelerated the formation of the unique Russian state system based on serfdom.


Cardiac cell therapy (CCT) holds great promise as a regenerative medicine approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).1 The first generation of CCTs tested various adult cell types, including skeletal myoblasts, bone marrow (BM)–derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). More recently, the advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) led to the much-anticipated second generation of CCTs with bona fide, PSC-derived CPCs and cardiomyocytes.1 The bad news is that, to date, both adult and PSC-based CCTs have failed to meet their promise of directly remuscularizing and repairing the heart to a therapeutically meaningful extent.2,3 The good news is that some cell types clearly demonstrate encouraging results in terms of efficacy and safety and, more importantly, reveal a previously underestimated key role of CCT, to indirectly promote repair by regulating mechanisms of endogenous cardiac regeneration in the host.1,4

Article, see p 113

The increasingly high burden of CVDs, coupled with the limited efficacy seen in both adult and PSC-based CCTs, and incomplete mechanistic understanding of adult human heart regeneration, have fueled disappointment, skepticism, and polarized the field.5 This schism has been particularly apparent in the area of adult CCTs, which also faces a current crisis of scientific distrust.5 However, the interpretation that a possible stumble in research progress is proof that CCT is broken would be unscientific. As Daniel Wegner noted, "…tipping the balance toward skepticism can eradicate ideas faster than we can generate them. Eventually, we arrive at a vacuous chasm, with no theory standing and no idea left without serious wounds."6

Under this prism, it is worth exploring how the field of adult CCTs fares, compared with other regenerative medicine approaches. PSC-based CCTs offer perhaps the …


Reactions of Local Maize Cultivars to Fusarium verticillioides Based on Disease Severity and Production of Pectolytic Enzymes and Zearalenone Toxin


Garg et al. nicely described a case of intimal sarcoma of the popliteal artery presenting as popliteal artery aneurysm in an 8-month-old Indian infant.[1] In the view of the rarity of that malignant tumor and its aggressive nature, I presume that the authors should take into consideration defective immune status in the studied infant. Among immunodeficient states, infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the leading. My presumption is based on the following point. It is explicit that children with perinatal exposure to HIV are at increased risk to various neoplasms compared to nonexposed counterparts.[2] To my knowledge, HIV infection is a significant health hazard in India. Although no recent data are yet present on the pediatric HIV seroprevalence, the available data pointed out to the substantial HIV seroprevalence rate of 1.03% among pregnant in India.[3] The HIV status of the mother of the studied patient was regrettably not determined. I presume that some sort of vertical HIV transmission needed to be considered in the studied infant. Hence, contemplating the diagnostic set of CD4 count and viral overload measurements was envisaged in the studied infant. If that diagnostic set was accomplished and it disclosed HIV infection, the case in question could be truly regarded a novel case report. This is because HIV-associated intimal vascular sarcoma has never been reported in the pediatric literature till date.


Two different diode technology concepts are compared with respect to cosmic radiation hardness and electrical performance (Kabza et al., 1994). Ion irradiation experiments reveal that diodes with highly doped and deeply diffused pn-junctions can survive cosmic radiation induced streamer events, explaining the observed extraordinary high cosmic radiation hardness. The electrical performance of these diodes is found to be weaker than that of diodes with shallow pn-junctions, which show a conventional level of cosmic radiation hardness. For an overall optimization, cosmic radiation hardness of diodes should be high enough for the required application on system level, without compromising diode performance too much.


As viewed from economy anthropology , the paper discusses the relation of the hakka traditional culture and modern economy , and thinks the traditional culture is the important factor to develop the hakka economy.


Abstract Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced enteropathy is an increasingly recognized entity. Patients of older age and those suffering from conditions such as arthritis requiring long term NSAIDs are thought to be at greater risk. Introduction of enteroscopic techniques has greatly improved understanding of NSAID-related small intestinal injury. Complementary high-resolution cross-sectional imaging techniques aid in initial evaluation and for exclusion of alternative etiology. Erosions, superficial ulcerations, and short segment strictures are the most commonly described findings. The diagnosis of the condition lies in obtaining relevant history in addition to a high degree of suspicion during investigation of anemia, obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, small bowel obstruction, and protein losing enteropathy. Herein, the authors present a review of pathogenesis and imaging findings of NSAID enteropathy with particular emphasis on distinction from Crohn's enteropathy.


An interaction of plasma flow with an arc-anode attachment in a dc arc plasma torch was investigated. Statistical processing of the photographic images of plasma jet was used for analysis of an effect of the anode attachment on structure and stability of plasma flow. Deflection, flattening and flutter of the plasma jet was found to be caused by disturbing effect of the arc-anode attachment.


Simple Summary Animal reproduction is closely related to economic benefits and food safety in domestic animals, as well as human fertility. There are many factors that affect the reproductive ability of animals, among which studies have confirmed that melatonin can affect animal reproduction. Melatonin receptors play important roles in mediating melatonin signaling, and they are expected to become a drug target for the improvement of animal reproduction capacity and treatment of reproductive diseases. In this review, we briefly summarize melatonin receptors MT1- and MT2-mediated signal transduction, as well as their role in reproductive regulation, including their effects on gametogenesis, gamete quality, reproductive rhythm, endocrine function, and embryonic development. We also briefly summarize the developments in pharmacological research regarding melatonin receptors as drug targets, which can provide a future perspective for the development of drugs and therapeutic methods based on melatonin receptors or their mediated signaling pathways. Abstract Melatonin, a hormone produced by the mammalian pineal gland, influences various physiological activities, many of which are related to animal reproduction, including neuroendocrine function, rhythm regulation, seasonal behavior, gonadogenesis, gamete development and maturation, sexual maturation, and thermoregulation. Melatonin exerts beneficial actions mainly via binding with G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), termed MT1 and MT2. Melatonin receptors are crucial for mediating animal reproduction. This paper reviews the characteristics of melatonin receptors including MT1 and MT2, as well as their roles in mediating signal transduction and biological effects, with a focus on their function in animal reproduction. In addition, we briefly summarize the developments in pharmacological research regarding melatonin receptors as drug targets. It is expected that this review will provide a reference for further exploration and unveiling of melatonin receptor function in reproductive regulation.


This sectoral environmental assessment of the Solid Waste Management Project for Argentina, which finances a system to reduce waste and establish sanitary, safe, and environmentally sustainable final disposal facilities, identifies negative environmental impacts that will occur in connection with the project during its construction and operational phases. Among the environmental risks it lists are the following: Atmospheric contaminants caused by open air burning include particulates, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide and sulphuric oxide, polyhydrocarbons (organic particulate matter), plastics, dioxins, and other pollutant gases injurious to health; air pollution caused by emissions from machinery and motor vehicles; disease risk spread by persons exposed to contaminants or pathogens get sick from contact with garbage or by disease-carrying insects or animals; pollution of watercourses caused by improper waste handling and disposal, or by excessive nutrient growth caused by overheating (eutrophication)-both of which can lead to reduced water availability for human use; a chemical deterioration of the land and underground water caused by wastewater seepage; soil compaction and erosion caused by heavy vehicles, among other factors; deterioration of the countryside and interference of panoramic vistas caused by smoke from burning solid waste; noxious odors; hazardous wastes from hospitals and used fuels contaminating ordinary waste due to failing to segregate wastes; removal of topsoil; blasting causing noise that affects animals and people nearby; and dust generation caused by traffic and machinery.


Rotorcraft and fixed-wing aircraft are generally considered separate concepts, each with inherent strengths and weaknesses. The last decade has seen an increasing interest in hybrid unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) that combine the vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) capabilities of rotorcraft with the energy efficient prolonged flight of a fixed-wing. In the work with airborne sensory platforms the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI) has developed a concept plane named Kestrel. Kestrel is a dual system convertiplane hybrid UAV equipped with four upwards facing propellers for VTOL as well as a full fixed-wing control system. This thesis is devoted towards enabling future research on and with the Kestrel UAV. Little systematic research exist concerning modelling, estimation and control of the dual system convertiplane design through its complete flight envelope. With basis in the design of the Kestrel a full six degrees of freedom dynamic model considering the main forces and moments acting upon the aircraft was developed. The aircraft was simulated using different models during hovering and longitudinal fixed-wing flight. Linear parameter-varying (LPV) multiple model adaptive (MMA) methods were investigated as solution concepts estimation and control of the UAV during vastly different flight conditions under large uncertainties in the physical parameters. Linear state-observers were used for state estimation, and infinite horizon linear-quadratic regulators (LQR) with integral action, were used for control in both models. In quadcopter mode the controller managed to track setpoints and follow trajectories accurately. Within the limitations of the linearised system the MMA algorithm was able to correctly identify the candidate model with parameters most similar to the true parameters of the plant. During longitudinal flight the aircraft managed level flight as well as tracking trajectories in desired airspeed and altitude. The MMA algorithm was able to identify the correct candidate model during flight close to the computed trim state of the models. Flight conditions not encapsulated by the computation of the trim conditions caused other factors than the unknown parameter to determine the performance of the linearised systems, rendering the MMA algorithm unable to identify the correct candidate model.


Magnesium battery is one of candidates for next generation battery system. 1 The advantage of Magnesium battery is the theoretical high energy density, low cost and stability. 2, 3 The magnesium battery suffers from low cell voltage, low capacity and low diffusivity of magnes ium. One of the problems for the practical application i s cathode material. Compared to lithium ions, magnesi um ions insertion reaction into the host compounds has more difficulty due to stronger ionic interaction and ha rder redistribution of the charge of the inserted multiv alent cations in host materials . Therefore, the compounds which can serve as magnesium hosts are limited. In order to design the host materials for magnesium battery, it's very important to understand the difference between the insertion/extraction reaction mechanism of magnesiu m and that of lithium. Polyanion compounds, e.g. LiFe PO4, show high stability and relatively high power densi ty. Therefore polyanion compounds are one of candidate materials for magnesium ion battery cathode. In thi s study, we investigate electrochemical magnesium insertion and extraction of polyanion compounds suc h as FePO4. And then the mechanism of magnesium insertion and extraction with polyanion compounds is analyzed .


This paper studies iterative distributed algorithms for on-line voltage stability assessment (VSA) in energy management systems of modern smart power grids. Since VSA can be modelled as a special non-linear optimal power flow (OPF) problem, iterative decomposition-coordination approaches based on constrained augmented Lagrangian methods can be applied. The distributed scheme of Auxiliary Problem Principle Method (APPM) is investigated. A computation framework of this distributed algorithm is studied. The system partition with non-overlapping and boundary sub-systems is also investigated. Simulations on IEEE-57 bus and IEEE-118 bus systems have been tested to validate the feasibility and correctness of the distributed VSA.


Power grid models are important in relation to several topics and applications, especially the modelling, optimisation and extension of electrical grids. The significance of grid models is heightened by the increase in renewable energy generation and the challenges associated with its integration into the power grid. However, despite their crucial importance, grid models have generally not been made publicly available for scientific studies or technical analyses. Little information has been published about either the details and methods used in the derivation of these models, or their input and output data. Recently, several projects were initiated in an effort to address this by developing open source grid models and associated data. These projects used different approaches and methods, but most are based on the OpenStreetMap database. The goal of this paper is to compare the different available grid models on the basis of the structure and derivation methods used. Therefore, a novel combination of a graph-theoretical, Geographic Information System (GIS)-based and power-related comparison level is introduced using the open source tool AutoGridComp, which was developed by the authors. The grid models considered in this study are the Scientific Grid Model (SciGRID), GridKit and open street map Transmission Grid Model (osmTGmod) models for Germany.


Details of the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU) and its use is discussed. MMU simulations in the Space Operations Simulator (SOS) use two major devices. The first is a six-degree-of-freedom moving base carriage that allows the trainee freedom to fly the MMU in a large room and to match rates and dock with full scale targets. The second device is a large screen television display that provides the trainee with accurate views of tumbling targets from any point in a surrounding sphere up to 300 meters (1000 feet) in diameter. Astronauts used the SOS to train for the Solar Max repair mission and are now using it to train for a mission to recover the Palapa-B communications satellite. Subjective comparisons by astronauts of an orbit MMU performance to simulated MMU performance in the SOS indicate that the simulations are very realistic. Data from the Solar Max mission have resulted in two software upgrades that increase SOS fidelity for the next MMU mission: a model of contact dynamics between the MMU and a target spacecraft, and a model of MMU plume impingement forces during docking.


The main factors inducing debris flow landslide into a rapidly moving fluid,volcanic eruptions and rainfall intensity is large,volcanic flows and rapidly melting snow and ice with a combination can lead to debris flows.Earthquake and dam break could result in the occurrence of landslides.A comprehensive assessment of debris flow disaster occurred at a time to pay attention to debris flow,landslides had occurred,mudslides and landslides sliding scale from the other major issues.In-depth understanding of predisposing factors and movement of debris flow disaster law,is the basis for development of mitigation technologies.


Early bone accrual significantly influences adult bone health and osteoporosis incidence. We aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns (DPs), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in school-age children in China. Children aged six–nine years (n = 465) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. DPs were identified by principal component factor analysis. Total body (TB) and total body less head (TBLH) BMC and BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Five DPs were identified. After adjustment for covariates, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the "fruit-milk-eggs" dietary pattern was positively associated with TB (β = 10.480; 95% CI: 2.190, 18.770) and TBLH (β = 5.577; 95% CI: 0.214, 10.941) BMC, the "animal organs-refined cereals" pattern was associated with low TB BMC (β = −10.305; 95% CI: −18.433, −2.176), TBLH BMC (β = −6.346; 95% CI: −11.596, −1.096), TB BMD (β = −0.006; 95% CI: −0.011, −0.001) and TBLH BMD (β = −0.004; 95% CI: −0.007, −0.001). In conclusion, our study recommends home or school meals should be rich in fruit, milk, eggs with a moderate amount of vegetables, coarse grains and meat to promote bone development for school-age children.


Objective To study the value of selective ERCP in diagnosis and treatment before and after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods We study the 127 cases of patients with preoperative uncertain biliary diseases and 37 cases with postoperative clinical symptoms,who were performed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and endoscopic therapy.Results We found that there were 46 cases with cholangiectasis and CBD stones,12 cases with papillary stenosis,13 cases with papillary edema,3 cases with biliary ascariasis,72 cases with duodenocysts and 18 cases normal.All the patients were treated endoscopically.Conclusions We think that selcetive preoperative ERCP can identify the diagnosis of the diseases in the biliary system and thus extend the indication of LC for some patients after endoscopic therapy.Postoperative ERCP can be used to find out the etiology of the patients with clinical symptoms,and is good for immediate treatment.The complications of ERCP can be decreased by skillful operation and rationally choosing operative candidates. [


The research was carried out on broiler chicks to determine the effect of phytase enzyme addition in diet on broiler chick growth. Following one week of brooding, 120 birds were randomly selected and divided into three treatment groups: Phyt-0, Phyt-500, and Phyt-1000, with Phytase enzyme (Phyt) at rates of 0, 500, and 1000 FTU/kg in feed. There were 40 birds in each treatment group, with 10 birds per replicate. The trial was divided into two parts: the starter phase (1-21 days) and the finisher phase (22-35 days). Weekly data on body weight gain and feed consumption were collected, and the weekly feed conversion ratio was calculated using this information. Carscass characteristics were measured at end of trial. Birds fed diet supplemented with higher phytase occupied higher growth performance and better carcass characteristics. Birds fed a diet high in phytase performed better in terms of growth.


Thispaperdescribesa new approachto the realizationof a powerfrequencyconverter.The systemis designedto accepteithera threephase or singlephaseinputwith an unregulatedfrequency andto producea singlephaseoutputwith a precise 60hz frequency.The svstemusesonlyonehigh speedpowertransistorswitchand twoSCR'sfeaturingzerocrossoverswitching.With a three phaseinput,theonlypowerfilterrequiredin the systemisdesignedto filterout a 25 Khz chopper frequency.


The collision-induced exothermic fine-structure transition $\mathrm{Ne}(^{3}P_{0})\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ne}(^{3}P_{2})$ has been observed in a crossed-effusive-beam experiment, by measuring the time of flight of metastable atoms scattered perpendicularly to the incident-beam plane. In this direction, the elastic scattering is kinematically discriminated. The identification of the transition is achieved by pumping $^{3}P_{0}$ or $^{3}P_{2}$ levels with a cw dye laser.


Molecular packing plays a key role in determining the photophysical properties in the aggregated state, but fine controlling of molecular packing is a great challenge. Here we report a series of new phenoxo-bridged homometallic trinuclear Zn (II) metal complexes (BN3, BNCS, BN(CN)2, BCl, BBr, and BI [complexes 1–6] having different anions with an aim to vary the photophysical properties of the complexes, where B stands for the ligand, N,N′-bis(3-ethoxysalicylidenimino)-1,4-diaminobutane. All the complexes are structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The crystallographic investigation indicates that the complexes contain two types of Zn (II) centers: distorted square pyramidal and octahedral. The crystal structures are stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and C–H---π interactions leading to distinct supramolecular frameworks. The ground state and excited state electronic properties of these metal complexes have been investigated. In solution state, all the metal co...


Given a finite Borel measure µ on R n and basic semi-algebraic sets Ω_i ⊂ R n , i = 1,. .. , p, we provide a systematic numerical scheme to approximate as closely as desired µ(\cup_i Ω_i), when all moments of µ are available (and finite). More precisely , we provide a hierarchy of semidefinite programs whose associated sequence of optimal values is monotone and converges to the desired value from above. The same methodology applied to the complement
R n \ (\cup_i Ω_i) provides a monotone sequence that converges to the desired value from below. When µ is the Lebesgue measure we assume that Ω := \cup_i Ω_i is compact and contained in a known box B and in this case the complement is taken to be B \ Ω. In fact, not only µ(Ω) but also every finite vector of moments of µ_Ω (the restriction of µ on Ω) can be approximated as closely as desired, and so permits to approximate the integral on Ω of any given polynomial.


Organic matter in Archean or, potentially, extraterrestrial materials may reveal the existence of (early) life, but it is typically difficult to discriminate whether such organics derive from biological or non-biological sources (e.g. Lindsay et al., 2005; Van Kranendonk, 2011; Westall et al., 2015). In particular, postdepositional alteration of these (bio-)signatures over geological timescales make an assignment of their origin problematic (e.g. Brocks and Summons, 2003; Peters et al., 2005). Experimental maturation studies provide the opportunity to observe molecular changes under controlled temperature and pressure regimes and could thus help in the interpretation of the underlying processes.


We consider the problem of joint quantization and classification for the example of a simple Gaussian mixture used by Kohonen (1988) to demonstrate the performance of his "learning vector quantization" (LVQ). Implicit in the problem is the issue of estimating the underlying densities, which is accomplished by CART/sup TM/ and by an inverse halftoning method.


The catalytic esterification of benzoic acid with isoamyl alcohol in the presence of ferric chloride was studyied. When the molar ratio of benzoic acid to isoamyl alcohol was 1∶3, with ferric chloride of 1.0 g/0.1 mol benzoic acid and the reaction time of 2.5 h, the esterification rate was 90.3%.


G. López Castro ∗ and Néstor Quintero 3, † Departamento de F́ısica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Apartado Postal 14-740, 07000 México D.F., México Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Campus Pampalinda, Calle 5 No. 62-00, Código Postal 76001, Santiago de Cali, Colombia Departamento de F́ısica, Universidad del Tolima, Código Postal 730006299, Ibagué, Colombia The anomalies recently reported in lepton pair transitions of 8Be∗ and He nuclei may be attributed to the existence of a feeble interacting light vector boson X17. We study the effects of this hypothetic particle in the semileptonic H∗ → He+e− decays (H a Qq̄ meson) in the framework of the HQET+VMD model. Using current bounds on the X17 boson to quarks, we find that decays of D∗+ and D∗+ s mesons can be enhanced with up to O(15%) corrections relative to the photon-mediated contributions. Dedicated experimental searches at current heavy meson factories may confirm the existence of this light boson or set stronger bounds of their couplings to ordinary matter.


Accurate estimation of the clutter covariance matrix for the cell under test (CUT) is a committed step in the spatial-temporal adaptive processing (STAP) algorithm. The unique nonstationary characteristic of signal for space-based early warning radar (SBEWR) leads to the spatial variation of training sample and the insufficient number of optional independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) training samples, which brings difficulties to training sample selection and covariance matrix estimation. To improve the estimation accuracy of clutter covariance matrix and the performance of STAP for SBEWR in a heterogeneous environment, a novel training sample selection and clutter covariance matrix estimation method is proposed. The method based on clutter subspace reconstruction and spectrum correction technology can improve the estimation accuracy of clutter covariance matrix in the case of nonstationary signals and heterogeneous environments. The clutter covariance matrix estimated by the proposed method is similar to the clutter covariance matrix of the CUT, and the performance of STAP is improved. The experimental results confirm the performance of the proposed method.


This study aims to compare the diversity and relative abundance of insect families collected in organic and conventional tomato production systems located in Alagoas, Northeast Brazil (09°81'76"S and 36°59'42"W). In this region, the visible spectrum is quite broad with sunlight throughout the year. Between rows of tomato plants, we set up a system of colored traps colored blue, yellow, white, green, red, and transparent. The experiment was between September 2015 and January 2017. The experimental design was completely randomized with six experiments and with five replicates. The data collected were analyzed using the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. Analysis of the various diversity indices was made using DivEs software. A total of 56,955 insects from 25 families were collected from the organic system, and 10,660 from 22 families in the conventional system. We observed that, in the conventional system, insect diversity and relative abundance (AR) were significantly greater than those of the organic system. The averages of the indices were as follows: For the organic system: Shannon-Wiener, 2.97; Simpson, 0.79; Simpson Dominance, 0.19; Margalef, 5.13; and Pielou, 2.27, respectively. For the conventional system, the indices were 3.49; 0.86; 0.12; 6.93; and 2.56; respectively. Several families of insect orders collected in the colored traps showed significant mean values for families of pollinator insects, predators, parasitoids, and pests. This may aid in decision making for the protection of plants and other agroecosystems. The collected insects did not differ significantly in terms of diversity of families. Colored traps may be exploited for pest control and for conservation of insect.

 Key words: Vegetables, agricultural management, agroecology, plant protection.


Attempts have been made to understand the complex dynamic relationships involved in team sports and explain the nature of successful performance. In sports, these components are particularly relevant because athletes often attribute peak performances and outcomes to psychological states such as team flow. This thesis focused on exploring team flow state as an independent construct whose dimensions need to be identified by research. The purpose of this thesis was to conceptualize team flow state and develop an inventory to measure it.


Cities were the final destination for the majority of immigrants who arrived in the United States (Ward, 1971:75). This was not the case, however, for Italian immigrants who came to California, most of whom settled in the countryside or in small towns, and who, because of the occupations available to them, were able to develop settlements ranging from diffuse rural communities to concentrated urban enclaves. In many of California's early rural settlements, informal socializing was the basis for loosely knit communities. In the 1870s and 1880s, in many rural areas, single men lived in boarding houses, or scattered on remote farms. Because few women had arrived, and Italian men were isolated from the larger American community by language and culture, they had few opportunities for socializing with anyone other than Italian men. The agricultural laborers of San Mateo, for example, who worked on remote farms or were gardeners on estates, were often culturally and geographically isolated, with few social contacts besides the paesani who worked nearby (Nardine, 1984:1-11). With the arrival ofmore women, and as families were reconstituted in California, exclusively male communities continued until World War I only in the logging, mining, and agricultural camps scattered in the more remote parts ofthe state. There, Italians often lived apart from other ethnic groups, forming loose, single-sex communities which shared cooking and general chores (Sensi-Isolani, 1990:108-119). However, whether in camps or in agricultural areas, and regardless of their marital status, many early Italian immigrants lived isolated from large communities of fellow Italians, and from American society. Not all remote California communities were diffuse and predominantly single sex communities, however. Some became more unified as people lived closer and were held together by occupation, chain migration, and kinship. In some of these communities social life was austere, consisting of visiting, picnics and an occasional ceremonial occasion. The Sicilian fishing village of Black Diamond, later renamed Pittsburg, located where the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers empty into San Francisco Bay, was a good example of this type of community. Socializing in Black Diamond was limited to families, and Saint joseph's Day was the one important ceremo-


Mikrokosmos of Bartok is the culmination of contemperary piano music-composition techniques and language that are best materials for piano beginners.This paper has chosen two pieces Night Music and Game Song from Mikrokosmos to make a brief analysis in order that they can become ABC for beginners to learn to play the piano.


We are concerned with the attainment of high performance in I/O on distributed, heterogeneous hardware. Our approach is to combine a program's data retrieval and storage actions with operations executed on the resulting active I/O streams. Performance improvements are attained by exploitation of informationabout these operations and by runtime changes to their behavior and placement. In this fashion , active I/O can adjust to static system properties derived from the heterogeneous nature of resources and can respond to dynamic changes in system's conditions , while reducing the total bandwidth needs and/or the end-to-end latencies of I/O actions.


The organization should satisfy both the corporate philosophy and employee's needs through corporate management. But there is no method to support how to combine them effectively. This paper proposes an architectural framework that can be used for managers and employees to evaluate and understand the corporate philosophy and stakeholder needs and to coordinate their differences. This corporate management framework consists of three axes; time (lifecycle) axis, spatial axis, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs axis. Each block, which is defined by three axes, has Customer Value Chain Analysis (CVCA). CVCA is a method for visualizing value exchanges among stakeholders in order to analyse existing social systems and designing new social systems. Each CVCA describes value exchanges, which are defined by the corresponding Maslow's needs. This framework identifies whether or not the corporate philosophy is able to reach the employees or customers, and whether or not the employees' needs are conveyed to upper‐level management.


A GREAT need exists to identify very young handicapped children and help them to fulfill their potential. Evidence continues to mount which shows that the preschool years are the most critical for future growth; however, the development of preschool programs for the handicapped has been inhibited by the scarcity of funds and lack of successful prototype programs which could provide the basis for local planning. The need was not adequately highlighted until congressional hearings were held prior to the passage of the Handicapped Children's Early Education Assistance Act of 1968. This act (Public Law 90-538) authorized "the establishment and operation of model preschool and early education programs designed to develop and demonstrate effective approaches in assisting handicapped children during their early years." The passage of the act was a start for meeting the needs of a population as yet not adequately served. The December 1969 issue of. this journal carried several articles pertaining to the description of the program. Its implementation was described in detail (Olshin, 1969) and the activities of some of the early model centers were noted (DeWeerd, 1969). The purpose of this article is to update some of the activities of this important educational program, thus enabling the reader to appreciate the progress being made by the Model Centers Program.


The paper studies the impacts of wage moderation in the euro area. Simulation results show that if a single euro area crisis-hit economy undertakes wage moderation, the impact on output is positive for that economy and for the entire euro area. If all crisis-hit economies undertake wage moderation together, their output still expands, albeit to a lesser degree. If the wage moderation is accompanied by cuts in policy interest rates by the central bank—and by quantitative easing once interest rates hit the zero lower bound—then output for the entire euro area expands as well.


Anne Black, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Brooke McBride, University of Montana Since emerging in the late 1980s, the paradigm of High Reliability Organizing (HRO) has sought to describe how and why certain organizations consistently function safely under hazardous conditions. Researchers have explored a variety of industrial situations, from the early observations of nuclear aircraft carrier operations to nursing units and even high-tech IPOs. The bulk of this research has been descriptive rather than comparative or predictive. Still, or perhaps because of this, there has been a robust and enriching academic discussion through which the paradigm has been refined and new research needs articulated. Of particular interest for the international fire community seem to be the debates concerning how 'error' is viewed, and the implications for considering how to improve safety, reliability, resilience and/or human performance. These debates appear to be on the verge of illuminating how the concepts interconnect practically and theoretically. Another key research agenda has focused on exploring the relationships between HRO and other human relations practices in an effort to understand how social dynamics underpin enumerated HRO practices (such as Weick and Sutcliffe's five principles: 'deference to expertise', 'reluctance to simplify', 'preoccupation with failure', 'sensitivity to operations' and 'commitment to resilience'), and the extent to which these practices are shared across industries. To provide a benchmark for the US wildland fire community, and to further explore HRO theoretically, we conducted a telephone survey of permanent seasonal and permanent full-time employees filling fire-related positions in the US National Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management and National Park Service (validated n = 574). This presentation (one of two in this conference) focuses on the practical and theoretical implications of the behavioral practices we found. Specifically, results both challenge existing theory and illuminate connections between cornerstone values of the fire community, namely: leadership/followership, organizational learning and internal group dynamics.


This paper presents a system dynamics-based tourism model, which focuses on the dynamic interdependencies between the hospitality sector and both the labour market and the manufacturing sector. The model incorporates a generic value-chain structure (VCM) that allows modelling of customer-supplier value chain for the tourism sector. Additionally, a work-force structure is incorporated into the analysis to capture the labour dynamics surrounding the hospitality sector. As such, the model developed integrates several concepts of traditional network-based approaches to enhance the applicability of the model to the Jamaican tourism sector. The model adequately captures the dynamics of the tourism sector between 1990 and 2005. The paper also assesses the effects of large but plausible shocks to demand for the product and capacity on, among other things, capacity adjustments and the demand for labour over the medium term. The results of such experimentation are used to make policy oriented recommendations to enhance the sustainability of the sector as well its contribution to the growth and development of the wider economy.


Theories of free will are often measured against how well they capture everyday intuitions about free will. But what are these everyday intuitions, and what theoretical commitments do they express? Empirical methods have delivered mixed messages. In response, some free will theorists have developed error theories to undermine the credentials of countervailing intuitions. These efforts are predicated on the idea that people might misunderstand determinism in any of several ways. This paper sheds light on the comprehension problem. We first discuss recent efforts to explain systematic errors in how people interpret determinism. Then, we present the alarming results of two new preregistered studies exploring three types of comprehension failure: (a) epiphenomenal bypassing, (b) fatalistic bypassing, and (c) indeterministic intrusion. Our findings suggest that misunderstanding runs deeper than others have supposed. This casts doubt on existing models of commonsense thinking about free will. Unless and until researchers properly control for the kinds of misunderstandings we identify, research on free will intuitions cannot shed light on whether ordinary thinking reflects commitments to compatibilism or incompatibilism.


The Balaram–Abu Road area is located at the southwestern extreme of the Proterozoic Aravalli Delhi Fold Belt [1]. It is the only one of three granulite facies occurrences in the Rajasthan–Gujarat Precambrian shield in northwestern India to exhibit sapphirine-bearing Mg-Al granulites. In the Balaram–Abu Road area of north Gujarat, these orthopyroxene–sillimanite–sapphirine–spinel bearing rocks represent high-grade (UHT) metapelites with peak temperature of 950–1040 C and 8.3–8.5 kbar pressure. They occur as part of an obducted tectonic sliver, which is bound to the northwest by the KuiChitrasani Fault (KCF) along which they abut against the Erinpura (Abu) granite. To the east, these granulites are juxtaposed with an amphibolite terrain along the Surpagla Tectonic Junction. These sapphirine-bearing granulites in the Balaram–Abu Road area may have an important bearing in evaluating the possibility of a Western India–Madagascar connection during the Proterozoic or even earlier time, since similar assemblages have also been reported from central and northern Madagascar [2,3].


An Infrared Free Electron Laser (IR-FEL) designed to operate in the 12.5–50 μm wavelength band is presently in an advanced stage of commissioning at the Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT), Indore. Here we report results from first experiments on the IR-FEL after installation of its optical cavity, which has resulted in a power output that is ~105 times the expected spontaneous emission power for the beam parameters used in the experiment. The estimated out-coupled peak micro-pulse power during these experiments is ~2 kW. This is the first observed signature of lasing in the IR-FEL, and the first reported lasing in a FEL in India. This communication discusses the development of the IR-FEL, the recent experimental results, and the ongoing efforts to further increase the IR power to the design peak out-coupled power of 2 MW.


This paper aims to demonstrate that a willing recourse to service does not reduce instructors' stature on campus as teachers within, and administrators of, composition programs. Rather, it enriches the work that is done and enhances the contribution made. The paper seeks to appeal to a notion of service from ancient Greece and Rome, "diakonia," as the essential attribute of the good citizen of a community--in this case, the campus community. Further, it enlists Immanuel Kant to equate service with duty and duty, ultimately, with autonomy and freedom. These older traditions do not render individuals prisoners to outdated ideologies; instead, they constitute the roots of the teaching profession and continue to shore up today's endeavors. Educators serve themselves best when they serve their students and colleagues first, and this lends a moral authority to work that is too readily overlooked. (NKA) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Reconfiguring Service: The Ethical Grounding for Instruction in Composition and Rhetoric. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) by Stephen M. Byars


This study presents an inductive proximity sensor implemented through the integration of nano-texture metal-spiral and np-AAO (anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) with nanopores) insulation layer on Si-substrate. The advantages of such nano-structure inductive proximity sensor are as follows, (1) The surface area of nano-texture metal-spiral is increased. Thus, the performance of inductive sensor is increased; and (2) The nano-texture metal-spiral consists of nanopores transferred from the AAO template. Thus, the eddy current on metal-spiral induced by lower electrode can be reduced by the nanoporous film. In applications, inductive proximity sensor consisted of nano-texture Au-spiral on np-AAO is implemented. Measurements demonstrate the performance of the nano-texture proximity sensor is significantly improved.


Collectible card games can be 'addictive', more so if the game allows the player to duel against another player using the collectible cards. More often than not, a collectible card game has its digital video game counterpart. Currently physical card games and digital games do not interact with one another. The authors believe that the user experience could be significantly improved by allowing the physical cards to interact with the digital video game. The technology being used by the authors in the development of this paper is RFID Technology. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a technology that relies on radio frequency to communicate with data storing tags. The basic concept of this paper is tagging cards with RFID tags to make it detectable by the computer via RFID Readers. The aim of this paper is to combine physical card games with digital video games. This paper also strives to achieve a better user experience for the gamer by using this technology.


Objective
To analyze the nursing management information system in China based on bibliometric analysis so as to provide a reference for further research.

Methods
This study retrieved literatures on nursing management information system in Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , WanFang Data and VIP from 2000 to 2018 and carried out the bibliometric analysis.

Results
A total of 421 literatures were included. The number of literatures showed a trend of rising. There were 1 461 authors from 30 province-level regions and 287 research institutions focused on hospitals. Province-level regions with literature number in the top 10 mainly were distributed in east of China. Journals with literature number in the top 10 were statistical source or core journals publishing 192 (47.29%) literatures. The average time cited per paper was 5.04. There were 29.69% of literatures with the program fund. The study focused on nursing quality involving the nursing human resource, nursing teaching, nursing administration and nursing research.

Conclusions
Nursing management information system is one of the research hotspots in China. We should increase the research depth, literature recognition and fund support, and concentrated on nursing quality improvement, and accelerate to build the nursing standardized language of China so as to promote the development of nursing information construction in China.

Key words:
Bibliometrics; Nursing management; Information systems


This paper attempts to explore the features of the EFL student teachers' reflective pedagogical thinking so as to inform teacher educators of better teaching practice supervision.The participants consisted of five female student teachers from Hainan Normal University who had completed eight-week reflective teaching practicum.Data on student teachers' reflection were collected from their oral post-teaching reflective narratives,post-teaching reflection journals,and action research reports.The results of the data analyses indicate that the student teachers share some common features in their reflective pedagogical thinking,i.e.the conceptual analysis based upon the conceptual knowledge they have acquired from FLTE(foreign language teacher education) courses,may hinder their understanding and development of "knowledge-in-action".


Study Design. Treatment of congenital kyphosis in myelomeningocele is a difficult problem. Current thinking supports kyphectomy and postoperative internal fixation. Objectives. Since 1989, vertebral resection with modified Luque fixation has been the procedure of choice for correction of myelomeningocele kyphotic deformity at the author's institution. The study objective was to evaluate long‐term results with this technique. Summary of Background Data. Most investigators agree that kyphotic deformity in myelomeningocele should be treated with vertebral resection. There is less uniform consensus about postoperative fixation. Reports in the literature support fixation with modified segmental instrumentation. Methods. Sixteen patients, observed for an average of 57.2 months (range, 36‐94 months), underwent vertebral resection from the proximal aspect of the apical vertebra cephalad into the compensatory lordotic curve. Fixation was segmental instrumentation wired to the thoracic spine and anterior to the sacrum. Results. The average blood loss was 1121 mL (range, 450‐2580 mL). Kyphotic deformity averaged 111° before surgery (range, 75‐157°), 15° after surgery (range, −18‐36°) and 20° at latest follow‐up (range, −17‐83°). Loss of correction was 6° (range, 0‐27°). Postoperative immobilization was with a thoracolumbosacral orthosis for 18 months. Complications occurring in 8 of the 16 patients were transient headache, superficial wound breakdown, supracondylar femur fractures, and one late infection secondary to skin breakdown that necessitated early rod removal, resulting in some loss of correction. Conclusions. Kyphectomy is an excellent method of correcting rigid kyphotic deformity in the patient with myelodysplasia. Segmental spinal instrumentation provides three distinct advantages: rigidity of the construct, greater correction of the deformity and low‐profile instrumentation.


Aim:
 The aim was to describe the occurrence of chronic kidney disease stage 3 (CKD) in a middle-aged population in Sweden and the development over ten years time. We also aimed to examine the predictive value of lipoproteins.

 Method:
 A random sample of 2816 individuals (30-75 years) in a middle-sized town in southwestern Sweden, was examined in this population-based study. Fasting venous samples were drawn for s-creatinine, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, ApolipoproteinA1 (ApoA1), ApolipoproteinB (ApoB) and triglycerides. Morning urine was collected for albumin and creatinine. The participants were examined with regard to blood pressure, body weight and height. After a mean follow-up time of 9.7 years, 1323 of the original participants were re-examined following the same protocol and in the analyses of occurrence of KKD. CKD was defined as eGFR ≤60 ml/min/1.73m2 (calculated with the CKD-Epi equation), and after excluding 28 participants with nephropathy at baseline and 37 participants due to missing data, 1267 individuals (632 men, 635 women) remained for further analyses regarding incident CKD.

 Results:
 Mean age at baseline was 48.9 years (SD 11.5) and mean BMI was 26.7 kg/m2 (SD 4.7). The occurrence of CKD increased from 2.1% at baseline to 8.3% after ten years. Baseline ApoA1 predicted CKD at follow-up when adjusted for age, BMI, systolic blood pressure and creatinine at baseline. There was a non-significant interaction between sex and ApoA1 in relation to CKD at baseline (p=0.151) and sex-stratified analyses showed a relationship in men but not in women. Neither ApoB, the ratio ApoB/ApoA, total cholesterol, HDL nor LDL had any predictive effect on CKD at follow-up when accordingly adjusted.

 Conclusion:
 The occurrence of CKD in this fairly young Swedish population was 2.1% at baseline, and increased fourfold after ten years follow-up. The results also show that ApoA1 may be used as a risk marker for the development of CKD, particularly in men, and may suggest a more aggressive treatment with statins in individuals at risk of kidney disease.


In this paper we present a family of $q$-ary nonlinear quasi-perfect codes with covering radius 2. The codes have length $n = q^m$ and size $ M = q^{n - m - 1}$ where $q$ is a prime power, $q \geq 3$, $m$ is an integer, $m \geq 2$. We prove that there are more than $q^{q^{cn}}$ nonequivalent such codes of length $n$, for all sufficiently large $n$ and a constant $c = \frac{1}{q} - \varepsilon$.


Figure 1. Photographs of a four-year-old boy show the typical features of Kawasaki's disease. These features include bilateral nonexudative conjunctivitis (Panel A); dry, fissured, erythematous lips and a "strawberry" tongue (Panels A and B); erythematous and edematous hands and feet (Panels C and D); an erythematous truncal rash (Panel E); and a desquamating perineal rash (Panel F). the patient also had anterior cervical lymphadenopathy and sterile pyuria but none of the other complications of the disease. The child recovered uneventfully after receiving treatment with intravenous immune globulin and aspirin.


The T 1 -spaces induced by the pre-metric spaces along with many forms of triangle inequalities are investigated in this paper. The limits in pre-metric spaces are also studied to demonstrate the consistency of limit concept in the induced topologies.


Abstract: This work reports the distribution of a large, representative sample population of grain boundary plane crystallography in pure, annealed copper by use of an improved experimental procedure. The new methodology reduces the laboriousness and improves the accuracy of data collection, and so is described in detail. Analysis of the results concentrates on the Σ3 boundaries, and shows that three-quarters of these were tilt boundaries on the 011 zone. Of these tilt boundaries, nearly half were coherent twins, i.e., on 111/111 planes, or near coherent twins on 23,17,17/775 planes. The high population of the second group is thought to be due to oxygen take-up during annealing. The data in general showed a trend for lower energy Σ3s to occur more frequently. The results were interpreted in terms of boundary energies, local equilibration, and comparisons with previous work in copper and other systems.


This study explores the efficacy of principle-based corporate governance practices on the financial performance of publicly listed companies in New Zealand. The New Zealand Securities Commission (hereafter NZSC) in 2004 promulgated nine high level principles and guidelines with an aim of improving corporate governance practices and boosting investor confidence in the New Zealand capital market. Our results show that the publicly listed companies have universally adopted the Securities Commission recommendations, establishing subcommittees for audit, remuneration and nomination, and have a majority of non-executive/independent directors on the boards. The empirical results suggest that the NZSC recommendations have had a positive effect on companies' financial performance. This study offers insights for policy makers interested in adopting principle-based corporate governance practices within their country. Within New Zealand, public policy developments and stock exchange listing requirements/regulatory issues with associated compliance burdens are better informed as a consequence of the research.


Traditionally, network traffic classification is based on well-known port numbers. However, this method is turning more and more inaccurate with the development of the Internet. Lately, the method using application signatures is becoming increasingly popular and it is more accurate than the traditional one based on port numbers. This paper proposes an automatic method for application signature extraction based on improved LCS algorithm. To evaluate the method proposed, signatures are extracted from five common protocols, including HTTP, DNS, OICQ, Kugoo and BitTorrent. The experiment result shows that the method is able to automatically and effectively extract precise, integrated and reliable application signatures with extremely high accuracy.


In this project automatic genre classification problem will be studied and a new system for music genre will be developed. This paper focuses on impact of features on music genre classification task. The following genres are used in this project: Jazz, Metal, Hip-Hop, Classical and Disco, Reggae, Country, Pop. It is found that 3 features out of 26 performs better in genre classification task.


In the area of multi-dimensional image databases modeling, the multilinear principal component analysis (MPCA) and concurrent subspace analysis (CSA) approaches were independently proposed and applied for mining image databases. The former follows the classical principal component analysis (PCA) paradigm that centers the sample data before subspace learning. The CSA, on the other hand, performs the learning procedure using the raw data. Besides, the corresponding tensor components have been ranked in order to identify the principal tensor subspaces for separating sample groups for face image analysis and gait recognition. In this paper, we first demonstrate that if CSA receives centered input samples and we consider full projection matrices then the obtained solution is equal to the one generated by MPCA. Then, we consider the general problem of ranking tensor components. We examine the theoretical aspects of typical solutions in this field: (a) Estimating the covariance structure of the database; (b) Computing discriminant weights through separating hyperplanes; (c) Application of Fisher criterium. We discuss these solutions for tensor subspaces learned using centered data (MPCA) and raw data (CSA). In the experimental results we focus on tensor principal components selected by the mentioned techniques for face image analysis considering gender classification as well as reconstruction problems.


This report addresses the assessment of the Fundamental Climate Data Records (FCDRs) using the methodologies developed under WP2 for mutual and relative consistency and stability (trend artefacts and step changes) both within and across sensor-series. Where possible the FCDR uncertainty information will be validated. Each sensor team has found it necessary to assess stability in different ways, because of the different context of different sensor series.


An energetic complex Zn_4(C_4N_5O_5H_2),(DMSO)_4 was synthesized by solution method using ANPyO,Zn(CH_3COO)_2·2H_2O and DMSO as raw materials and structurally characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy,elemental analysis,X-ray single crystal diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and thermogravimetry(TG).The apparent activation energy of exothermic process of the complex was calculated by Kissinger's method and Ozawa's method.The catalytic effect of the complex on the thermal decomposition of 1,3,5-trinitrohexahydro-l,3,5-triazine(RDX),octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-l,3,5,7-tetrazocine(HMX)and ammonium perchlorate(AP) was explored.Its impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity were tested.Results show that the crystal of the complex belongs to the monoclinic system,space group PZJC.Thermal decomposition process of the complex has one endothermic peak and one exothermic peak with final residue amount of 14.38%.The value of apparent activation energy is determined to be 225.56kJ?mol~(-1).The complex has little catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of RDX and HMX,but good catalytic effect to the thermal decomposition of AP,The complex is insensitive to impact and friction.


Müller cells, the principal glial cells of the retina, exhibit a high degree of functional and morphological polarization. An inward rectifying K+ channel, the dominant ion channel in Müller cells, is localized preferentially to cell endfeet, which terminate on the vitreal surface of the retina and on blood vessels. Two acid/ base transport systems, an Na+/HCO 3 - cotransporter and a CI-/HCO3 - anion exchanger, also are localized preferentially to the endfeet. These functional specializations facilitate the ability of Müller cells to regulate extracellular ion levels in the retina. Müller cells regulate extracellular K+ levels by transporting K+ away from the neural retina to the vitreous humor and the subretinal space. Müller cells may also regulate retinal CO2 and pH by the combined action of cell carbonic anhydrase and acid/base transporters localized to the endfeet, and they may control blood flow by the depolarization-induced release of potassium and protons from cell endfeet onto blood vessels. The physiology of ion transport in CNS astrocytes is not understood as well as it is in Müller cells. The presence of inward rectifying K+ channels and acid/base transporters in astrocytes, however, suggests that these cells may utilize mechanisms similar to those of Müller cells in regulating the extracellular microenvironment and in controlling blood flow. The Neuroscientist 2:109-117, 1996


As information security and privacy are primary concerns for most enterprises and individuals, a threat called Cross-VM (Virtual Machine) Attack certainly impedes their adoption of public or hybrid cloud computing. Specifically, Cross-VM Attack enables hostile tenants to leverage various forms of covert channels to exfiltrate sensitive information of victims on the same physical host. A new covert channel has been demonstrated by exploiting a special feature of memory deduplication which is widely used in virtualization products, that is, writing to a shared page would incur longer access delay than those non-shared. However, this sort of covert channel attack is merely considered as "potential threat" due to lack of practical protocol. In this paper, we study how to design an efficient and reliable protocol of CCCMD (Cloud Covert Channel based on Memory Deduplication). We first analyze the CCCMD working scheme in a virtualized environment, and uncover its major defects and implementation difficulties. We then build a prototype named WindTalker which overcomes these obstacles. Our experiments show that WindTalker performs much better with lower bit error rate and achieves a reasonable transmission speed adaptive to noisy environment.


Hybrid nanocomposites (HCs) obtained by blend solutions of conjugated polymers and colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals are among the most promising materials to be exploited in solution-processed ...


Review of the Book "Genetics is Enhanced by Siberia: the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the USSR Academy of Sciences during its First Two Decades — the Origin and Formation" (Novosibirsk, 2012).


Following the global trend of the plastic ban driven by the non-degradable plastic intrusion into the environment, cellulose as an abundant natural polymer has gradually been exploited as an eco-friendly...


In this book, Andrew Ang seeks to provide common rules and guidance for investment decisions to 'nations, through sovereign wealth funds, collective owners like pension funds, endowments, and found...


We study a system of a quantum particle interacting with a singular time-dependent uniformly rotating potential in 2 and 3 dimensions: in particular we consider an interaction with support on a point (rotating point interaction) and on a set of codimension 1 (rotating blade). We prove the existence of the Hamiltonians of such systems as suitable self-adjoint operators and we give an explicit expression for their unitary semigroups. Moreover we analyze the asymptotic limit of large angular velocity and we prove strong convergence of the time-dependent propagator to some one-parameter unitary group as ω → ∞. Ref. SISSA/ISAS preprint 66/2003/FM


Introduction PART ONE: ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM OF EXPLOITATIVE PRACTICE Contexts and Concepts of Sexual Exploitation Effects on Clients Clients' Accounts The Therapists Sexuality - An Elusive Trilogy Power PART TWO: PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR COUNSELLING AND THERAPY Ethical Dimensions to the Problem Implications in Practice Conclusions and Recommendations


Mumps and rubella vaccines—I suspect if they could talk they would express feelings a lot like Rodney Dangerfield's—that they get little respect, their infections often overlooked alongside the deadlier measles virus.


Although most fractures of the proximal femur result from a fall and are related to direct loads to the hip, there is evidence that intrinsic factors, such as muscle contraction, can result in a hip fracture and subsequent fall. This paper reviews the current literature on the various mechanisms of femoral neck and intertrochanteric fractures.


Four plants in fenced alpine meadow in Eastern Qilian Moutains were selected to measure their seasonal changes of chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics by Mini-IMAGING-PAM.The results showed that the photosynthetic capacity of these plants was decreased because of the drought in August and their Fv/Fm,qP,ETR values reduced significantly.So,August was a sensitive period of local grassland plants.The photosynthetic capacity of Kobresia humilis,Elymus nutans and Oxytropis ochrocephala in late growth were lower than that in early growth.The photosynthetic capacity of Melissitus rutenica in late growth was higher than that in early growth,and its drought resistance was higher than the other three species.The light protection of Elymus nutans,Oxytropis ochrocephala and Melissitus rutenica in late growth was higher than that in early growth.On the contrary,the light protection of Kobresia humilis in early growth was higher than that in late growth.


In the steady development of social economy, the quality of life of urban residents is getting higher and higher, the attention to the spiritual life is getting stronger and stronger, a good urban living environment has gradually become an important factor to evaluate the superiority of the city. Especially for the residential environment in cold areas, the winter is long and cold, accompanied by strong cold wind and snow, in-depth study of the spatial form of residential areas in cold areas, clear the corresponding microclimate conditions, can put forward targeted optimization measures, improve the comfort of outdoor environment, and ensure the quality of life safety of urban residents. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the research status of residential building planning and layout in recent years, this paper takes the spatial form of a region as an example to construct a microclimate parameterized model. The final research results prove that the climate environment of urban residential areas is targeted, different and personalized under the influence of the layout of residential areas. The effective layout means can show its regulating effect and effectively improve the environmental conditions of urban residents.


BACKGROUND: The clonal deletion seen in recipients of allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) refers to the removal of lymphocytes that promote the clearance of transfused alloantigens. Interactions between Fas (CD95) and FasL (CD95L) are involved in the clonal deletion of T cells and in the down regulation of the cytotoxic T‐cell activity.


We investigated laser-induced breakdown in air using a framing intensified charged coupled device (ICCD) camera and fiber-coupled ICCD spectrometer with Cassegrain optics. Localized breakdown plasma was generated from the laser pulse of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 532 nm, and we obtained the temporal evolution of the air plasma shape, size, and location. During the initial stage, breakdown occurred on the laser side of the focal point due to the absorption of the pulse energy. Then, the breakdown plasma generally propagated in the direction of the laser. The propagation speed of the laserinduced breakdown was estimated to exceed 10 km/s during the initial stage of breakdown. The high spatial resolution of the Cassegrain optics system was used to observe different ionization levels in the breakdown plasma. Continuous background due to ionization appeared during the earliest stage of plasma development. The intensity of this background decreased after 100 ns and the atomic emission spectra of nitrogen (NI, 745 nm), oxygen (OI, 777 and 821 nm) and hydrogen (HI, 655.5 nm) appeared 200 ns after the laser pulse. The plasma temperature could be evaluated using the two-line ratio between the OI emission line intensities. We determined that simultaneous measurement using both the framing ICCD camera and an ICCD spectrometer with Cassegrain optics could be very useful for investigating the breakdown of laser-induced air plasma.


In True to Life: Why Truth Maers1 Michael Lynch argues that we should care about truth. Truth is, he argues, deeply normative and as such, worth caring about for its own sake. Lynch's view is developed in an admittedly naturalistic environment. Not a reductive naturalism—he rejects that view—but what we might call "relaxed naturalism," a naturalism that eschews the supernatural (such as God) but not nonphysical properties. I think Lynch is quite right about reductive naturalism. It simply won't ground the value of truth. But I argue here that Lynch's relaxed naturalism will not ground the value of truth either. e basic reason is this. Lynch wants to say "I care about the truth" means "I care that my beliefs are true." But he can't do that consistently because his argument is founded on a notion of happiness. For happiness to obtain, the world needs to be a certain kind of place, one in which the way things are conspires, so to speak, with the way things ought to be. So "I care about the truth" needs to mean more than just "I care that my beliefs are true." It must also make reference to the fact that I care that the world be some way rather than another. However, the relaxed naturalist qua naturalist has lile ground to think that the world, in the big picture, conspires with any norms of goodness. Now to the details. Lynch, following William Alston, provides a min-


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