61 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined (disease duration 6.29 ± 0.67 years)
overweight or obese, middle-aged, with hormonal and metabolic manifestations of insulin resistance (fasting hyperinsulinemia, elevated HOMA-IR indices and
levels of free fatty acids, hypoadiponectinemia, hypertriglyceridemia). Significant increase in circulating levels of retinol-binding protein 4 (RVP4) was verified.
with HOMA-IR indices, osteoprotegerin, progranulin, matrix metalloproteinase 9.
The influence of sex on the severity of RVP4 increase and the associated pattern of macro- / microangiopathies were determined. The prospects of using circulating levels РВР4 as a quality are substantiated
a new biomarker of cardiovascular risk.


This paper proposes a seamless transfer strategy based on the droop control strategy for three-phase converter in microgrid, which consists of the voltage limiter and the frequency limiter. In grid-connected mode, both the two limiters don't work, and the VSC is controlled by PQ control, transmitting constant power between micro-sources and power grid. When the unplanned islanding occurs, the PCC voltage and frequency may exceed the allowable range because the reference of active power and reactive power are not equal to the loads power. Then the voltage limiter and the frequency limiter begin to take effect, ensuring the power supply quality for loads. The difference between the input signal of these two limiter and the output signal will pass through the proportional regulator, and the new references of active power and reactive power can be obtained according to the droop curve. After the islanding detection detects the islanding condition, the control strategy will be changed to the droop control. All the converters can work in parallel and provide the voltage and frequency supply for loads. At last, the simulation results verified the proposed seamless transfer strategy.


FIELD: information technology. SUBSTANCE: method includes applying, during a transmission, at least one of TDM and FDM between a SRS, a control channel, a DRS and a data channel. Clustered sub carrier mapping is applied for the SRS and the control channel. The SRS is transmitted so as to function as a DRS for the control channel. The control channel and the data channel are transmitted during a same sub-frame. The method also includes receiving the SRS and receiving the control channel and the data channel during a same sub-frame. Control information and data are extracted from the control channel and the data channel. EFFECT: transmission of control channel optimises so as to make possible backward compatibility with LTE terminals that use the same physical resource. 31 cl, 13 dwg


Synopsis The object of the paper is to investigate solutions of equations of the form with and in particular to look at the asymptotic behaviour of these solutions as γ ↑∞. It is found that, if tγ is the first zero of ϑ, then while tγ is bounded below if p < 2. This answers questions raised by Brezis concerning solutions of −Δu = eup in R2


In this article the basic directions of development of social business, given its concept as an economic category. Presented by the development of elements of social business, their classification.


Face recognition is a biometric tool for verification and authentication a facial recognition based verification system can further be deemed a computer application for automatically verifying or identifying a person in a digital image. Analytic (local features based) and holistic (global features based) are the two common approaches employed for face recognition approaches with acceptable success rates. In this paper, we present a hybrid features based face recognition Technique .It combines the local and global approaches to produce a high success rate face recognition system. . Experiments are carried out on the SDUMLA-HMT face database. Principal component analysis is used to compute global features while the local feature are computed configuring the central moment and Eigen vectors and the standard deviation of the nose, eyes and mouth segments of the human face as the decision support entities of Artificial neural network. Keywords— face recognition; analytic approach; holistic approach; hybrid features; central moment; standard deviation; eigen vectors; artificial neural network


Polyethylene gels were prepared by gelation/crystallization from dilute decalin solutions using five kinds of polyethylenes with different molecular weights and degrees of branching. The decalin was allowed to evaporate from the gels under ambient condition in order to prepare dry gels. The dry gel of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWP) of Mw=6×106 forms a film but the other low molecular weight polyethylenes (LMWP) with molecular weight lower than 3×105 do not form a film. In order to investigate such a difference, the morphological properties of five kinds of dry gels were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, polarized microscopy, small angle light scattering, and small angle X-ray scattering. Within LMWP dry gels, observation reveals spherulitic textures whose crystal lamellae are rotated around a radial direction. In contrast, within the dry gels of UHMWP, there exists rodlike textures as assemblies of large lamellar crystals which are highly oriented with their flat faces parallel to the film surface. To assure ultradrawing up to consistently high draw ratio, a suitable number of entanglements should be formed by tie molecules which connect the crystal lamellae.


Europe,the United States and Japan are Suzhou's largest export market,while Latin America is the Suzhou's fastest growing export market.At present,the financial crisis has affected economic growth of the above economies,which resulted in the decline in their import demand,exerting negative impact on Suzhou's export growth.In the face of new challenges,Suzhou should take new ideas and measures.As the representative of the export-oriented economy,Suzhou's experience will have a strong demonstration effect across the country.


Every year New Jersey sets aside several days for a state-sponsored black bear hunt. We feel that this hunt is unnecessary, and that proper human behaviors will change black bear behavior, and ultimately decrease human-bear interactions. This way, humans are at peace, and bears are at peace, and we will no longer need to host an annual black bear hunt in the state of New Jersey. In 2012, 228 bears were killed, in 2011 469 bears, and in 2010 there were 592 bears killed. N.J. wildlife...


The indian stock market is highly volatile and complex by nature. However, notion of stock price predictability is typical, many researchers suggest that the Buy & Sell prices are predictable and investor can make above-average profits using efficient Technical Analysis (TA).Most of the earlier prediction models predict individual stocks and the results are mostly influenced by company's reputation, news, sentiments and other fundamental issues while stock indices are less affected by these issues. In this work, architecture of project is given.As a part of prediction model the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Support Virtual Machine (SVM) are used to predict future prices Stock Technical Indicators(STIs) are used to generate a buy sell signals. The project will be carried on National Stock Exchange (NSE) Stocks of India.


Abstract In this brief paper, offered as a policy viewpoint, I introduce what I believe to be a novel concept for supporting individual citizen interaction with the U.S. Federal government, termed the individual social account. I explore whether and how the concept might be implemented so as to strengthen the U.S. social safety net and further citizen trust and responsibility in e-government interactions. I illustrate and develop the concept as a platform for reform and suggest and discuss design criteria, surfacing various issues. I conclude with additional thoughts with which to stimulate further research and discussion of the concept and its practicalities.


Medical implants, injection-molding tools, and aircraft custom parts are just a few of the products being manufactured with technology once reserved for prototyping.


The paper used tomato as material,and a stem-loop sequence as the reverse transcription primer to amplify miRNA159 and miRNA168.Analyzed the bands which was the right size,made sure that it's the right bands we wanted.So this method which cost less and operate simply ould make a great help for the research of the characters and functions of miRNA.


In this talk, we explore the variety of ways in which ferromagnets electrically generate spin currents. We present first principles transport calculations giving the strength and magnetization dependence of these various mechanisms in transition metal ferromagnets. We compute full spin current tensors to probe all spin directions and show how each mechanism contributes to the spin currents allowed by symmetry. To help guide the interpretation of experiments, we also present calculations of spin current generation in magnetic heterostructures to quantify their transmission through interfaces and the spin torques they exert. Finally, we discuss experiments that have probed these novel mechanisms of spin current generation. Unlocking the full potential of ferromagnets as spin current sources will help create a powerful tool for spintronic devices such as magnetic memories.


This supporting document contains a database of waste transactions and waste status reports for all the waste tanks in the northeast quadrant of the 200 Area of the Hanford Site.


Japanese Language Proficiency Test for the university entrance exam of Taiwan "Trial examination in 2007" was made by the same aspect as "Japanese Language Proficiency Test". The following points were able to be understood from the analysis of the examination result of this comprehension problem. The examination of the type like "Japanese Language Proficiency Test" can measure a basic Japanese ability of the second linguistic competence. Moreover, the examination of this type can measure study (comprehension) strategy ability to control the reason for the problem solving. The corporate world is requesting a Japanese human resources development that provides with "Social language ability" and "Social cultural ability" now. The examination result is requested to decide the promotion of a basic Japanese ability and the study strategy in a basic direction of the personnel training.


10.30699/jambs.28.128.132 Background & Objective: Social support helps patients cope with the outcomes of diseases and therapy side effects. However, there is little information about the social support status among Iranian cancer patients. This study assessed the amount of perceived social support status (SSQN) and satisfaction (SSQS) in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients based on socio-economic factors.


High‐quality single phase Nd1+xBa2−xCu3O7−d thin films have been fabricated on SrTiO3 substrates by the laser ablation method. The resistivity of the deposited films are usually lower than that of the YBCO film. The Tc(onset) and Tc(R=0) in the optimized thin films are as high as 91 and 88 K, respectively. The crystallinity of our films are higher than the best YBCO films ever reported. The rocking curve FWHM of the (005) peaks in our thin films is typically 0.05°, which is superior to the best reported YBCO films.


This paper studies the measurement feedback control problem of nonlinear systems in the cascaded form with dynamic uncertainties. It is assumed that the dynamic uncertainties are integral input-to-state stable (iISS). A new construction design with set-valued virtual control laws is proposed to deal with the measurement disturbance, and the closed-loop system is transformed into an interconnected system with the subsystem being ISS or iISS. The closed-loop system is proved to be iISS with respect to the measurement disturbance by constructing an iISS Lyapunov function.


Aiming at the problem that the current microgrid droop controller is prone to voltage overrun and the power regulation rate is not adjustable, a progressive droop control method to prevent overrun applied to the power control of the energy storage unit is designed. This method can completely avoid overrun and self adjust the regulation speed at different working points. The dynamic characteristics of the small signal analysis method show that the power control method has good stability.


Introduction: Developing countries suffer major losses due to disasters. Reducing disaster losses is a fundamental goal for most governments. School teachers must be aware of disasters and its consequences to tackle the disasters at school. Aims: An exploratory study was conducted to assess knowledge and self-expressed practices regarding disaster management among secondary school teachers at selected schools of Pune city. Materials and Methods: A non-experimental research design was used. Five hundred and forty secondary school teachers were selected by purposive sampling technique. Survey was conducted using a structured interview questionnaire. Results: Findings revealed that mean knowledge score was 15.9 (53%) and mean practice score was 7.05 (47%). There was moderate positive correlation between knowledge score and practice score (r = 0.54). Conclusions: Study concluded that that teachers knowledge and self-expressed practices were not at satisfactory level. Capability building among teachers is utmost necessary.


Abstract Leishmaniasis is considered as one of the major neglected tropical diseases due to its magnitude and wide geographic distribution. Leishmania braziliensis, responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis, is the most prevalent species in Brazil. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) belongs to the antioxidant pathway of the parasites and human host. Despite the differences between SOD of Leishmania braziliensis and human make this enzyme a promising target for drug development efforts. No medicinal chemistry effort has been made to identify LbSOD inhibitors. Herein, we show that thermal shift assays (TSA) and fluorescent protein-labeled assays (FPLA) can be employed as primary and secondary screens to achieve this goal. Moreover, we show that thiazole derivatives bind to LbSOD with micromolar affinity.


Abstract This paper develops a visual analysis of the environmental webpages of 20 global companies, considered to be the world's greatest polluters in terms of their carbon emissions into the atmosphere. Our aim is to determine how these companies build a public reputation as environmentally concerned agents in relation to climate change. The analysis is based on the theoretical and methodological propositions put forward by Critical Discourse Analysis, ecolinguistics and multimodal analysis. More specifically, we take into account Kress and van Leeuwen's grammar of visual design, which enables us to describe and classify the images on webpages and to determine how these images are used to enforce certain narratives and ideologies. The paper also develops a comparative study of promotional strategies and the level of development and communicative efficiency of the sustainability webpages of Western and non-Western companies, on the one hand, and of global companies and environmental NGOs on the other.


Objective:To explore the clinical hemostasis effect of modified B-Lynch surgical technique of uterine compression suture for the control of postpartum hemorrhage associated with uterine inertia during cesarean section.Methods:The clinical data in 20 patients with severe postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section from January 2007 to December2008 treaated with the modified B-Lynch suture were analysed retrospectively.Results:20 patients with modified B-Lynch suture in severe postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section were all effective.Conclusion:The application of modified modified B-Lynch surgical technique of compression suture can effectively control the postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine inertia during cesarean section.


Organic solar cells are a third generation solar technology that have attracted much research attention due to their potential to provide inexpensive, renewable energy. This thesis explores various potential naththalene diimide-based materials for use in these types of solar cells.


Objective: To determine the relative efficacy and safety of low molecular weight (LMW) heparin (Enoxaparin) compared with standard calcium heparin for the prevention of postoperative deep vein thro...


This paper presents a discussion about the performance achievable by an exponential-gain charge pump (i.e., by a charge pump featuring a voltage gain which increases exponentially with the number of stages). This charge pump topology is analyzed in terms of both voltage gain and equivalent output resistance. An analytical expression of these two parameters is provided, which allows performance comparison with other charge pump topologies. The expression of the output voltage rise time is also derived.


Traffic flows of the urban transport system are randomly influenced by many internal/external factors, which bring in a huge challenge to accurately forecasting road conditions. This study combines the CANDECOMP/PARAFAC weighted optimisation and diffusion convolution gated recurrent unit (DCGRU) models to conduct the traffic condition forecasting based on the sparse ride-hailing service data. A data completion method based on the tensor decomposition is modified by adding factor tensor in the regular terms, which contains the characteristics of weekday, time period, road segment. Subsequently, the DCGRU model of multiclass predicting is adopted in the data set to predict the traffic conditions. A numerical experiment is conducted based on the one-month ride-hailing service data, collected around the Nanjing South railway station. The predicting results indicate that the method in this study outperforms other traditional models in different tested traffic conditions.


Summary form only given. Plasma medicine is a relatively new field that outgrew from research in application of low-temperature (or cold) non-equilibrium atmospheric plasmas in bioengineering. One of the most promising applications of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is the cancer therapy. Convincing evidence of CAP selectivity towards the cancel cells has been accumulated. This presentation will review recent research efforts in developing various diagnostics of non-equilibrium atmospheric plasma jets. In particular, we will focus on kHz frequency range discharges. Variety of experimental diagnostic approaches was developed including Rayleigh microwave scattering, Thomson laser scattering, electrostatic streamer scatterers, optical emission spectroscopy, and fast imaging. We will address phenomena related to atmospheric nonequilibrium jets including ionization mechanism, process of ionization front propagation, electrical coupling of the ionization front with the discharge electrodes, distributions of excited and ionized species etc. In general, it was found that there is good electric conductivity of the streamer channel and electrodes potential is transferred to the streamer tip without significant potential. Air content in the helium flow governs streamer propagation along the straight path, its cross-sectional structure, and maximal streamer length. Excitation of the streamer with low frequency high voltage is associated with the streamer initiation at the moment when minimal breakdown conditions are reached.


Sixty-two novel microsatellites with tri- or hexa nucleotide motifs were developed in peach from enriched genomic libraries. Among them, 49, 6 and 7 microsatellites consisted of repeat motifs of trinucleotides, hexanucleotides, and a complex of tri-/hexanucleotides, respectively. The degree of polymorphism of these microsatellites was lower than that of dinucleotide microsatellites. Chromosomal regions of the Prunus genome were identified for 15 microsatellites using a bin mapping strategy with a Prunus reference map. Two of them could be positioned into a new bin. Cross-species amplification was tested for trinucleotide (hexanucleotide) microsatellites within Prunus and more than 90% of them were applicable to the tested species. Amplification across genera was also tested for Malus, Pyrus, Fragaria and Rosa in the family Rosaceae. A total of 40 to 51% of the tested microsatellites were amplified in the other genera examined. Therefore, newly developed microsatellites could be utilized for synteny analysis and construction of genetic linkage maps in Prunus. Conditions for constructing genomic libraries enriched for trinucleotide motifs were also examined.


The solubility of waler of silicate mells equilibraled with a given /lartial /Hessure qf waler vapour ill an argoll stream was delermined by a modified vacuum fusion technique. The effects of lem/)erature on Ihe solubility of w:tler ill the silicate melt, and also the effects of Ihe additioll of AI 20 " TiO" B20" P 20 5 , alld Ge02 Oil the solubility of water ill a given basic silicale were studied. The same ty/)e of study was exlended to Ihe ternary system qfCaOSi0 2AI 20 3 , CaOSi0 2T iO" and CaOSi0z-FeO whose melli Ilg poillt is below I 500°e.


Topological investigations of the volumetric and enthalpic effect in mixtures of formamide (A) and pyridine or α-, β- or γ-picoline (B) have indicated that the state of association of (A) in an (A + B) mixture is dictated by the molecular entity B and that the magnitude of the attractive B–B interactions in the various picolines (B) varies in the order β≈γ > α. The energetics of the solution process characteristic of these (A–B) mixtures have also been investigated. The results obtained are rationalized by graph-theoretical arguments.


Resources for bicycle travel study are usually limited and comprehensive urban commuter cycling information is not routinely collected. To address this lack of data, questions regarding the personal attributes and travel habits of adult commuter cyclists were included in a bicycle safety study conducted by McMaster University researchers in Ottawa and Toronto, Canada in the summer of 1995. The primary objective of that study was to collect cyclist self-reported collision and fall information along with the commute route as an estimate of exposure. In addition to the safety-related results, the 2964 survey responses contain useful information regarding the characteristics of urban commuter cyclists and their travel behavior, some of which are reported here. This paper describes four types of results intended for use in estimating bicycle commute levels, facility catchment areas, or the effectiveness of certain policy instruments as a means to increase bicycle commuting. First, the distribution of one-way commute trip distance of cyclists is discussed. Second, commute trip speed is calculated by combining travel time and trip length from a route traced on a map. This information will improve planning studies in which speed is often simple assumed. Fall and collision histories are also considered in relation to cyclist speed. Third, alternative transportation modes used by the commuter cyclists are examined. Finally, the relationship between helmet usage and a) preference/aversion for busy streets, b) trip length, c) club membership and d) training course involvement are discussed. For each of the four areas of analysis the effect of age and sex is considered as well as differences between the two study areas.


This conceptual study aims to explore the evolution of succession planning by focusing on a systematic procedure and highlighting the instrument of success metric that influences succession planning effectiveness. There are several approaches to discuss the succession planning process and the effectiveness of the used methods. However, no single systematic process applies to the entire organization. Besides that, this research includes a literature review, focusing on key success metrics of succession planning. The metrics used to track succession planning effectiveness should be directly related to the organization's strategic goal. Therefore, the metrics must be clearly defined and articulated as part of the organization's formal succession plan. This study reveals three key success metrics of succession planning: (1) bench strength, (2) time-to-fill, and (3) talent turnover. A good success metric indication will allow a company to analyze the impact of a succession plan in retaining talent in the pipeline as a proactive strategy.


Interest in climate change has increased over the last 30 years due largely to global predictions associated with the greenhouse effect, which appear to lead to a substantial increase in planetary temperature. Implications of such results have led many scientists to examine climatic records from different regions of the world in order to understand temperature behavior. However, many researchers have noted that changes in temperature variability are also important in determining the future temperature distributions. In this context, we have analyzed a long-term record of monthly extreme minimum temperature registered at Guanajuato, Mexico. Data set was treated as a fractal profile to estimate the fractal dimension through variography (Dv) and power-spectral (Ds) approaches under two situations: (1) complete series, from January 1895 to December 1997 with 312 missing observations, and (2) partial series, from January, 1921 to April, 1963 with no missing values. In both cases, we obtained similar values for the two types of fractal dimensions meaning there is not a significant effect of missing values. The estimated fractal dimensions for the partial series (508 observations) are near 1.5 (Dv = 1.445 ± 0.06, Ds = 1.486 ± 0.155), which means monthly extreme minimum temperature is almost equally characterized by both short- and long-range variations. Evaluating through scaling arguments did not evidence multifractality in the scale range of two to 254 months. Then interpolation can make use of the fact that monthly extreme minimum temperature has a power-law spectrum. Interpolated data generated by this way may develop greater confidence in their capability to forecast near future climate.


Fast direct techniques for solving integral equations are rapidly gaining traction as viable alternatives to iterative schemes. Indeed, iterative methods converge slowly when applied to (intrinsically) ill-conditioned problem and grind to a halt when applied to problems involving many right-hand sides. Our group recently developed direct electric and combined field integral equation solvers that use the multilevel matrix decomposition algorithm (MLMDA) (a.k.a. butterfly schemes) to compress blocks of LU-factorized impedance matrices to attain O(N log2 N) storage and CPU costs when applied to the analysis of scattering from 3D perfect electrically conducting surfaces (H. Guo, J. Hu and E. Michielssen, IEEE Radio Sci. Meeting, 2013 USNC-URSI, pp.91, Jul. 2013). Even though a rigorous proof of the method's storage and CPU requirements remains elusive, all experimental results obtained to date indicate that these solvers' memory and CPU requirements scale far more favorably than those of low-rank or adaptive cross approximation based solvers, which scale as O(Nα log N) (α = 1.3 ∼ 2.0) and O(Nα logβ N) (α = 2.0 ∼ 3.0, β ≥ 1.0), respectively.


Hypertension is a lifestyle disorder in the modern era. Mostly the disorder is asymptomatic until it gets diagnosed. Hypertension for a longer duration if gets uncontrolled can cause the problems to the eye, kidney blood vessels, and other organs. It may cause heart attack, kidney failure, or retinal damages. In Ayurveda, there is a number of herbal drugs such as Elaeocarpus ganitrus Rauwolfia serpentine, Terminalia arjuna, Nordostachysjatamansi, Boerhaviadiffusa Brahmi vati, etc. used by the Ayurveda physicians to treat the condition of Hypertension. The utility of these drugs both by experimental studies and clinical studies are carried out by researchers. Aim: In the present review paper an attempt is made to identify the potential use of the Ayurvedic drugs as antihypertensive agents. Conclusion: The review finds that the most explored and every now and again used therapeutic plants for the treatment of hypertension are Jatamamsi, Sarpagandha, Rason, and Arjuna. The review finds that the most explored and now and again used therapeutic plants for the treatment of hypertension are Jatamamsi, Sarpagandha, Rason, and Arjuna. Moreover, we found that there are logical confirmations of the utilization of some Ayurvedic herbal plants for the treatment of high BP. There should be rational use of these drugs in hypertension and need to increase the demand to all doctors worldwide. There is a need for further research to identify the gaps in previous research studies.


Recognizing that LNG will have to fill the gap in US gas supplies, several companies have worked to develop a suite of LNG near-shore and offshore transfer systems, as well as an offshore terminal design, that should bring the LNG market to a new threshold of capability


This paper explores the possible similarities and differences among seven selected gaming and entertainment tourist destinations across five continents, from both a structural approach and a perceptual approach. The first part of this paper draws on a diverse existing literature on entertainment. Entertainment has been seen in all gaming destinations as a concerted, integrated effort to diversify the tourist product portfolio and balance the "supposed" negative image of gaming. Additionally, entertainment itself has been established as a lucrative growth sector in its own right, not simply a supplement to gaming. The paper undertakes both a structural and perceptual comparison. The structural comparison utilized secondary data collected from archival works whereas the perceptual comparison was based on primary data collection via distribution of questionnaires to selected tourism academics residing in the destinations/countries. The results employing multidimensional scaling techniques to compare the destinations showed that there existed both many similarities and some differences between the structural and perceptual approaches. Some implications for understanding the growth of entertainment in the gaming contexts are also considered.


The study examines whether learners' individual characteristics predict their use of strategies and whether individual differences and strategy use predict achievements in formal language examinations. Participants were post A-Level learners of Spanish in their first year at University. They were formally assessed for their competence in the language in various tasks. They also performed oral tasks in which they encountered problems due to insufficient linguistic resources, but overcame their deficiencies by using compensatory strategies. Individual differences were assessed through standardised measures of personality/learning style and intelligence. Gender was also noted. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted. They revealed that IQ, learning style, and the strategies adopted by the students each explain a substantial and significant amount of variance in assessment. In addition, although not significant, the results suggest that participants' individual differences do predict aspects of their strategy use.


I have a new house.There are two bedrooms.One is for my parents,the other is for me.There is a bed in my bedroom.The bed is verybeautiful.And there are three dolls on my bed.I love dolls very much.There is a photo on the wall.Near the window there is a desk.On the


John Norton Moore, the most prominent legal scholar to defend a position basically in agreement with the present Administration, presents a coherent, well-argued interpretation of the specific legal issues raised by U.S. involvement in Vietnam and their implications for international and constitutional law.Originally published in 1972.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.


The content of this paper summarizes four years of research designed to develop valid and reliable performance criteria for the Navy's Tactical Aircrew Combat Training System (TACTS). Performance measurement methods for assessing missile envelope recognition and air combat engagements have been developed and applied in an operational setting. TACTS measures used in performance assessment were selected on the basis of their operational importance and their demonstrated statistical relationship to successful completion of such air combat tasks as missile launch success and engagement outcomes. A measurement framework has evolved and may be appropriately applied to estimate overall air combat effectiveness, and to provide diagnostic performance analysis of critical air combat tasks. The resulting measurement framework has been applied operationally to evaluate U.S. Navy competitive air combat exercises and to provide diagnostic performance feedback to aircrews undergoing TACTS training. More recently, these measures and assessment methods have been incorporated in a computer-based TACTS debrief system called the Performance Assessment and Appraisal System (PAAS). The PAAS is representative of an emerging technology which uses automated performance measurement methods for enhancing the training process.


Note: Ecole polytech fed lausanne,phys appl lab,ch-1007 lausanne,switzerland. univ wisconsin,dept phys,madison,wi 53706. univ wisconsin,synchrotron radiat ctr,madison,wi 53706. Smandek, b, univ minnesota,dept chem engn & mat sci,minneapolis,mn 55455.ISI Document Delivery No.: M5229 Reference LSE-ARTICLE-1988-026doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.37.4196View record in Web of Science Record created on 2006-10-03, modified on 2016-08-08


The ultrasound extraction process parameters of total triterpenoids from Synsepalum dulcificum leaf from Hainan province was optimized by response surface methodology. The experiments were arranged according to Box-Behnken central composite experiment design. Four independent influencing factors of extraction,such as concentration of ethanol,extraction temperature,the ratio of liquid to solid and ultrasonic time,were considered on the basis of single factor experiments. The results showed that the optimum ultrasound extraction conditions for total triterpenoids were as follows: concentration of ethanol 70 %, extraction temperature 50 ℃,the ratio of liquid to solid 30 ∶ 1( mL ∶ g) and ultrasonic time 33 min. The experimental yield( 0. 92 %) was in good agreement with its predicted value( 0.94 %) by model.


Firewalls are rule based filters, composed of a sequence of rule. Each rule has a condition and an action. The condition is made up of network fields that can be seen as points in a topological space. Thus, firewall rule conditions can be seen as regions within a topological space. In this paper, we propose a topological calculus and exhaustively analyze all possible configurations to identify the topological relationships that can exist between a pair of firewall rules. Anomalies are properties of firewalls that hint at possible misconfigurations within the firewall. Anomalies including all those that are identified in literature are definable within the calculus.


A 75-year-old obese woman with subacute-onset dyspnea and lower right posterior chest pain was brought to the emergency department. She had a history of diastolic heart failure, arthritis, and suspected obstructive sleep apnea. The patient was dyspneic at rest.


In this study we examined the timing of a two-storey house with basement and roof and the costing of this work. Arched meshwork was solved, matched earlier and earlier tables, and the graphical representation of these values in the Gantt chart. From the above table, we compiled the critical activities and then followed the critical route design. In the design, the activities were initially simple, and later they had some difficulties. Final results are based on absolute accuracy.


The quality assurance measurements are investigated in validity,rationality and implement of acoustical design.The acoustical simulation technologies,including computer acoustical simulation and scale model of physical acoustics,are employed to assure the validity.The rationality assurance depends on the coordination with other majors,and the implement assurance relies on the project content and achievement each step.The Dongguan Yulan Theater project is utilized to illustrate the perfect sound quality.


The article enquires into the transformations of private property in digital capitalism. The author proposes his interpretation of most obvious and simultaneously less arguable transformations that take place in digital economy. Economy of cooperative use (sharing), precarious employment (gig economy), networkisation, as well as rapid growth of inequality determine digital capitalism in opposition to previous stages of capitalist production and consumption. Applying to historical works that concern private property the author shows that in the basis of capitalism lies undisputable, basically aprioristic right of private property ownership. It is supported by the state. A desire to own was and remains an inner motivation of entrepreneurship. It also characterized the actions of capitalist society's agents. In cultural sense property was a central phenomenon that gave a definition to modernity. The author demonstrates that in this sense property was always more than just a simple presupposition of goods accumulation. Property, relation to it and its cultural status were changing in the process of capitalist development: from early industrial stage to Fordism and then Post-Fordism. The author puts forward a hypothesis that digital capitalism also redefines property. Property dematerialization and the loss of its value become the distinguishing attributes of this process. Eventually the practices of sharing economy, easiness of being connected to networks and the change of ownership on the means of production (networks) lead to the decline of property. In social-philosophical sense it could mean a further decentralization of person's inner world and loss of inner and external freedom.


The divertor structure and fabrication process have been investigated, including the structures of the divertor elements and support, fundamental brazing techniques, brazing of large divertor tiles and fabrication method of large divertor modules. Using direct brazing, a partial divertor module with large CFC tiles was fabricated and tested. It was shown that the model had sufficient structural integrity against thermal shocks of /spl sim/17 MW/m/sup 2//spl times/4 sec for up to 1600 times. A fabrication technique for large and complex-shaped divertor module has been developed and successfully applied to a 1 m-long linear and 0.8 m-long curved divertor modules. In addition, preliminary investigation of direct brazing of beryllium to the copper substrate has been conducted. It was found that the bending strength of the bonded materials was around 40 MPa. Furthermore, boron coating on the CFC and Mo has been examined. Using the boron ion implantation technique, boron ions were implanted to the CFC and Mo plates prior to the boron atoms deposition. The samples fabricated with this method were found to have a sufficient thermal shock resistance.


Silver nanoparticles (Ag0) impregnated into bacterial cellulose (BC) by immersion in an antimicrobial concentration of 1,700 μg/ml (10 mM) AgNO3 solution were used to synthesize silver nanoparticle-impregnated bacterial cellulose (Ag0BC) composites. Ag0BC incorporated into insertable footpad was developed for reduction of foot odor associated with pitted keratolysis, primarily caused by Micrococcus sedentarius. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the porous structure of Ag0BC fibers impregnated with Ag0 particles. The antibacterial activity of Ag0BC for Micrococcus sedentarius revealed a growth inhibition zone of 30 mm in diameter by disc diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of AgNO3 solution against Micrococcus sedentarius were 0.42 μg/ml and 0.83 μg/ml, respectively. The effficiency of an Ag0BC footpad applied to shoe samples was measured via total bacterial counts over a time period of 14 days. As expected, the percentage of surviving bacteria in three different types of shoe samples was gradually decreased in the period beginning on the 2nd day. Moreover, no bacterial growth was found in any shoe sample within 8–14 days. However, the cytotoxicity of 5.31–1,700 μg/ml AgNO3 concentrations revealed 50% growth inhibition (IC50) on human dermal fibroblast cells by resazurin microplate assay (REMA). Thus, it can be concluded that Ag0BC, synthesized with lower doses of AgNO3 concentration (< 1,700 μg/ml), may be able to apply in Ag0BC footpad production for inhibition of Micrococcus sedentarius growth and prevention of foot odour in different types of footwears.


Product development (PD) is a crucial capability for firms in competitive markets. Building on case studies of software development at a large firm, this paper explores the interaction among the different stages of the PD process, the underlying architecture of the product, and the products in the field. We introduce the concept of the "adaptation trap," where intendedly functional adaptation of workload can overwhelm the PD organization and force it into firefighting (Repenning 2001) as a result of the delay in seeing the additional resource need from the field and underlying code-base. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of architecture and underlying product-base in platform-based product development, through their impact on quality of new models under development, as well as resource requirements for bugfixing. Finally, this study corroborates the dynamics of tipping into firefighting that follows quality-productivity tradeoffs under pressure. Put together, these dynamics elucidate some of the reasons why PD capability is hard to build and why it easily erodes. Consequently, we offer hypotheses on the characteristics of the PD process that increase its strategic significance and discuss some practical challenges in the face of these dynamics.


The invention discloses a method for preparing epoxidized natural rubber, which comprises the following steps of: diluting 100 parts of condensed natural rubber latex with the total solid content of 60 percent with deionized water until the total solid content is 30 percent, adding 1 to 3 parts of 20 percent polyoxyethylene lauryl ether with stirring, stabilizing the mixed solution for 2 hours, slowly adding 16 to 24 parts of 86 percent formic acid and 35 to 45 parts of 30 percent hydrogen peroxide, finishing reaction at certain reaction temperature, for a certain reaction time and in an ultrasonic treatment way, adjusting a pH value to 8 to 9 with ammonia water, and performing coagulation, dehydration, rinsing, granulation and drying to prepare the epoxidized natural rubber with the epoxidization degree of 10 to 50 percent, the ring-opening substance content of less than 3.0 percent, relatively higher quality consistency and capability of satisfying needs in application performance.


Design and analysis of a split ring patch antenna on a ceramic material substrate is presented in this paper. The proposed split ring antenna designed and analyzed by using computer aided high frequency electromagnetic solver HFSS. The result shows 170 MHz (7.25 GHz-7.42 GHz) and 173 MHz (8.0 GHz-8.173 GHz) impedance bandwidth with 0.8 dBi and 4.67 dBi gains are achieved at two resonant frequencies 7.32 GHz and 8.07 GHz respectively. The symmetric and almost steady radiation pattern with maximum radiation efficiency of 91% and 94.03% makes the proposed antenna suitable for C and X band satellite application. The input impedance and current distribution of the proposed antenna are also analyzed.


This paper presents a three-phase shunt active power filter controlled by three different control strategies using a digital signal processor (DSP). The control techniques analyzed and compared are: sliding mode control (SMC), proportional-integral control (PI), and sliding mode control with proportional-integral controller (SMC-PI). Analysis and modeling of the shunt active power filter as well as simulation and experimental results are presented. The results show that the SMC controller has a better performance than PI and SMC-PI, allowing a low THD in the AC mains current and a fast transient response.


Seven bacteria and four microzyme were isolated from mustard tuber(Brassica juncea var.tsatsai)of package expansion.By counterevidence experiments and morphology observation and physiological experiments,two bacteria causing putridity of packaged mustard tuber were identified as Bacillus firmus and Bacillus cereus.According to the principle of turbidimetric method,using the absorbency value of bacteria culturing in liquid medium as the standard of bacteria growth,growing curve,heat-resistance and nitrate-resistance of B.firmus and B.cereus were studied.Results show that the growing-speed of B.cereus was quicker than B.firmus,but the logarithmic phase was more or less between them;low-temperature(10 ℃)and high-salt(12%)could restrain growth of the two spoilage microbes effectively;and the nitrite(0%-0.15%)had no significant effect on the two spoilage microbes.


This innovative revision of a respected text skillfully combines evidence-based interviewing skills and cognitive-behavioral intervention change strategies applicable to a wide range of client ages, cultural backgrounds, and problems in living. The book interweaves attention to conceptual and empirical foundations with a practical skills emphasis on real-life factors in contemporary settings with diverse clientele. Long commended for its synthesis of up-to-date professional knowledge with case models, learning activities, and guided feedback, INTERVIEWING AND CHANGE STRATEGIES FOR HELPERS adds significant new content on vital topics such as ethics, critical thinking, technology, managed care, client resistance, and cultural diversity. Now in its Fifth Edition, the interdisciplinary team of Cormier and Nurius blend updates and a proven instructional format focusing on knowledge, skills, commitments, and tools at the core of what is needed by today's professional helpers.


Using correlated ab initio methods, the polarizability of large [4n+2]-annulenes is determined, showing that there exists an almost linear relation between the exaltation of magnetic susceptibility (a measure of aromaticity) and an equivalent enlargement of polarizability.


The paper is proposing an historical approach of the definition and constitution of technology management as a discipline leading to a re-visited approach more in line with contemporary issues and problems facing businesses. It is suggested to expand its scope to the strategic management of technology and innovation


In recent years,the suicide mortality of undergraduate students at their golden-age is in an upward trend,and it causes serious impacts and consequences to the society.We have no choice but to pay more attention to the undergraduate students' suicide phenomena.This paper seeks to explain the phenomena through psychological concept,warning signs and intervention of suicide,and offers some suggestions.


The effects of physiological characteristics on flag leaves on high temperature stress are studied in initial heading stage use rice variety Yangdao 6 and Nanjing 43. The results show that chlorophyll content,free proline(Pro),soluble sugar,soluble protein,superoxide dismutase (SOD)activity,ascorbic acid (ASA)and glutathione (GSH) content are lower significantly by high temperature stress. The malondialdehyde (MDA)content and electrolyte leakage are higher significantly by high temperature stress. Compared with Nanjing 43,Yangdao 6 have higher chlorophyll content,free Pro,soluble sugar,soluble protein,SOD activity,ASA and GSH content,lower MDA content and electrolyte leakage,keeps the stabilization of cell membrane structure and function,alleviates the damage to function leaf. So Yangdao 6 have high temperature tolerance than Nanjing43.


Since the discovery of insulin the number of diabetics undergoing surgical treatment has gradually increased. In the management of these patients it is important not only to guard against the occurrence of hypoglycamia and ketosis but also to prevent regurgitation or vomiting during the period of operation. The purpose of this paper is to emphasise the dangers inherent in the administration of oral glucose solutions pre-operatively, to review the different methods available for pie-operative preparation and operative control and to indicate which of these methods are considered to be satisfactory. In connection with the first, experiments have been performed which show that glucose solutions given by mouth two hours pre-operatively may not have left the stomach by the time anzesthesia is induced and to illustrate the second, the management of diabetic patients undergoing surgical treatment during a two year period at St Bartholornew's Hospital has been surveyed.


The cloud points of blends epoxy/polyetherimide-siloxane (PEI-Siloxane) without or with curing agent methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (Me-THPA) after different curing time (1min, 2min, 3min) at 150oC were determined by optical microscope. The cloud point curve for uncured and cured after different time was then obtained from the experimental results with different composition. The effects of molecular weight of epoxy on phase diagram were discussed. The miscibility of blends will be taken into account in the toughing of epoxy resins by thermoplastic PEI-Siloxane copolymer later.


Drs J PENSWICK and A L WIUGHT (Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford BD9 6RJ) write: We describe a case of skin necrosis induced by treatment with streptokinase. There have been several previous reports of similar cases associated with heparin and warfarin; more recently there has been a report of a purpuric eruption in three patients who received streptokinase.' To our knowledge, there are no similar reports of such extensive skin necrosis. A 70 year old man with a history of angina, hypertension, and peripheral vascular disease was admitted with chest pain. Changes in his electrocardiogram suggested an inferior myocardial infarction, and he received 1-5 million units intravenous streptokinase. Twenty four hours later he complained of diffuse tenderness across the upper thighs. Nursing staff noticed areas of bruising on his lower trunk. Over the next 72 hours these areas spread to the upper parts of his buttocks and thighs. He remained haemodynamically stable, his haemoglobin concentration not changing and platelet concentrations and results of a clotting screen remaining normal. After four days no further bruising had developed and he was discharged. Nine days later large areas of ulceration had developed in the distribution of the original bruises (figure). All haematological investigations including protein C and protein S concentrations were normal. A skin biopsy specimen showed fibrin deposition in dermal blood vessels with a patchy perivascular inflammatory infiltrate. The ulcers were debrided and dressed and have since healed with minimal scarring. Skin necrosis induced by warfarin treatment has been clearly associated with deficiency of both protein C and protein S. The rapid fall in protein C concentrations on starting warfarin treatment is thought to produce a hypercoaguable state leading to thrombosis.2 Skin necrosis induced by heparin has been linked to a heparin induced platelet antibody that promotes platelet aggregation and the formation of thrombi.3 Information on adverse reactions to all the thrombolytic enzymes details a total of 40 peripheral vascular problems including cases of arterial embolisation, thrombophlebitis, and vasculitis.4 There are 28 reports of purpura and bruising. None of these apparently noted large areas of cutaneous necrosis, and there was no evidence for a vasculitis or embolisation in the skin biopsy specimen from our patient. We suggest that skin necrosis is the end result of a .S-£*.......Sfl-p -..............


Summary The Housing Needs Study 2002 highlighted a significant shortfall in the provision of affordable housing in the County Borough. The purpose of the Guidance is to reduce that shortfall by encouraging developers to provide affordable housing in new developments. The Guidance sets out the planning context and outlines the different ways in which affordable housing may be provided. It also indicates how affordable housing may be retained as affordable housing in the longer term. The Guidance has been produced by a small group of officers from the Housing. Legal, Planning and Valuation Services. It is intended that the Guidance be the subject of public consultation.


Abstract Silvetia compressa is a common member of the upper intertidal fucoid community on the Pacific coast of North America from Humboldt County, California, to Punta Baja, Baja California, Mexico, including coastal islands. On the mainland, there is considerable morphological variability involving robustness, branching pattern, and size and shape of receptacles. A latitudinal cline is not evident. By contrast, there is relatively little morphological variability among populations in the Channel Islands of southern California and coastal islands of northern Baja California, These insular populations are perceptibly distinct from all mainland populations except for several in northern Baja California. After comparing populations from various parts of the range of the species, including all coastal islands, we conclude that two subspecies may be recognized. In subsp, compressa, which occurs only on the mainland, the frond is robust and straggly, with dichotomous branching that tends to be irregular, and with linear receptacles often tapered to a point. In the newly described subsp. deliquescens, which is chiefly insular but also occurs on the coast of northern Baja California, the fronds form hemispherical clumps, with densely and regularly branched slender axes and short, blunt, ellipsoidal receptacles. A few populations on the Monterey Peninsula in which the fronds are unusually delicate were described by Setchell and Gardner as f. gracilis, to which was assigned a population from Santa Catalina Island. We conclude that the Monterey Peninsula populations of f. gracilis constitute an ecotype of subsp, compressa, whereas the Santa Catalina Island popUlation is referable to subsp. deliquescens. Comparison of nucleotide sequences from the ITS regions of rDNA revealed no molecular differentiation in populations of subsp. compressa from Baja California and central California, including those assignable to f. gracilis. The sequence in the three populations of subsp, deliquescens was identical, but differed by 2 bp (0.3%) from that of subsp, compressa.


The relationship between platelet‐associated IgG (PA‐IgG) of intact platelets to that of lysed platelets has been studied using a competitive ELISA. In platelets from 20 normal individuals mean surface PA‐IgG constituted 3 5% of mean total PA‐IgG and showed a significant linear relationship with total PA‐IgG. In platelets from 61 patients with various forms of thrombocytopenia including that with immune causes, 38 showed a similar proportion of PA‐IgG on the surface after storage at 2°C, as seen in normal platelets, while in 23, levels of surface and total PA‐IgG were equal. Normal platelets activated with thrombin or calcium ionophore A2 318 7, also had levels of surface PA‐IgG close‐to total PA‐IgG. Supernatants of platelet suspensions activated with aggregating agents contained increased amounts of IgG and when the platelets were washed, both total and surface PA‐IgG were decreased. Liberation of IgG from platelets was slower than that of [14C]serotonin but was decreased by release reaction inhibitors. Platelets treated at 2°C with soluble heat‐aggregated IgG, which binds to the Fc γ receptor, showed increased surface PA‐IgG, but, after incubation at 37°C, although [14C]serotonin was released, PA‐IgG levels were no longer increased.


This issue's research touches on one of the most important issues that matters to the media industry: audience size. This was not part of a plan or issue theme. It just happened that the three articles and book review that were next in the queue for publication happened to share this common thread. By most other criteria, they are quite different from one another. Of course, audience size is a critical factor for all manner of media. In the canonical profit maximization problem, a firm's decisions are driven by marginal cost. In media, whether a theatrical film, a television show, or a publication—even an online publication—the overwhelming bulk of the costs are fixed and tied up in creating the content. The marginal costs associated with additional users or viewers ranges from low (for a print publication) to almost not measurable (for a broadcaster or Web site). From a cost perspective, there is little reason not to pursue larger audiences. Two additional considerations drive media firms to increase their audience size. If advertising is a source of revenue, the content can attract greater revenue for more viewers, listeners, or readers. Direct consumer revenue (admission, subscription, and per copy) is proportional to content sales. Therefore, media enterprises are always looking for help in increasing the size of their audiences. John Wanamaker, the 19th merchant who founded department stores under his name in Philadelphia and New York, has been famously credited with holding that, "Half my advertising is wasted. I just don't know which half." The Internet has provided that information for online advertisers, as they can now track ad exposure; attention; and, in many cases, sales. However, this process is imperfect for advertisers in older formats, who still wrestle with Wanamaker's quandary.


We present the MUFASA simulations, a new suite of cosmological hydrodynamic
simulations for
galaxy formation and intergalactic medium evolution, and describe some use
cases for MeerKAT
science. The MUFASA simulations use state of the art modeling techniques and
updated microphysics
prescriptions to produce among the most realistic descriptions of the galaxy
population
ever achieved numerically. Here we outline various avenues by which MUFASA will
be used
to help guide and interpret observations to be done with MeerKAT, focusing
particularly on the
LADUMA, MIGHTEE, MHONGOOSE, and MALS Key Project Surveys.


A new hydrodynamic method for computing the transport properties of concentrated polymer solutions is proposed. The method is developed in detail for the case of N impermeable spheres of radius R suspended in a solvent of viscosity η0 and is applied in this paper to the calculation of the concentration, ρ0, dependent translational friction coefficient ζ[ρ0] of a typical sphere in the suspension. In the following paper the method is applied to compute the concentration dependent viscosity η[ρ0] of the suspension. The theory is based on the following key ideas. The microscopic steady state Navier–Stokes equation, which depends on the instantaneous N‐sphere configuration, is reduced by averaging to a coupled hierarchy of effective hydrodynamic equations which depend, respectively, on the coordinates of 0, 1, 2,..., etc., spheres. The first member of the hierarchy, which governs the macroscopic flow, involves η[ρ0] and an inverse screening length κ, which accounts for screening of hydrodynamic interactions in...


The benefit of railway to the adjacent area has been well accepted; however to what extent it has influence over space is still questionable. The objective of this study is to examine the varying relationship between the property value and its determining factors such as accessibility to urban rail. A hedonic price model of medium-income-class housing in Bangkok taking into account the varying relationship (Geographically Weighted Regression, GWR) is estimated in reference to the standard regression model (Ordinary Least Square, OLS). The GWR model exhibits better performance and has revealed that the influence of urban rail transit having on the residential property (townhouse) value is substantially varying over space. This implies that urban railway has large contribution to land and property value uplift in the station catchment areas.


Abstract Total mixed rations were fed for ad libitum consumption to four groups of cows through two lactations and intervening dry period. Treatments were: 1) group fed 50:50 (roughage:concentrate, dry matter) ration, 2) individually fed 50:50 ration, 3) individually fed 65:35 ration, and 4) individually fed 50:50 ration for 150 days postpartum and an 80:20 ration thereafter and through the dry period. Roughage was a 4:1 mixture of corn silage:grass-legume silage. Of the original 31, 11, 11, and 11 cows on treatments 1 to 4; 22, 11, 7, and 9 cows refreshened for second lactations. Fatty degenerated livers were in 5, 2, 1, and 0 cows that died soon after refreshing. Weight gains between freshening and the end of the dry period during first lactation were 151, 153, 115, 101kg. No treatment differences were found in 305-day yields of milk or milk components. Results indicate a disadvantage to feeding high concentrate treatments through the lactation and dry period.


Nowadays, the adoption of management systems dedicated to quality, environment and safety in company have become real issues, a competitive argument. They also have a reputation and international recognition. For some companies, they become like a prerequisite for their proper development.The aims of this paper is to understand how the Moroccan organizations who have an Integrated Management System integrate their management systems and the way that they perceive the challenges of managing several management systems in parallel over time. According to a survey carried out with thirty four Moroccan firms, we analyze empirically the implementation of different MSs such as: ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001. Specially, we evaluate the integration levels of different management systems elements such as humans and documentation resources, objectives, procedures and audit. We analyze also the perceptions of companies about the advantages and the challenges encountered into the integration of Management Systems in organizations with more than one Management system.


The article presents the results of research on intergenerational distinctionsin on values in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The object of this study is – changes values between generations as the process of massive structural transformations of culture in the context of modernization determines these changes in the form of a gradual transition from normative values (traditional) to modern values . This regard, the article was listed the survey research data about values in the context of age-related indicators, were shown to the participants with some focus groups conducted by the author on the study.


R M Turnbull 1979 Glasgow: Blackie 266 pp price £7.95 (paperback) This book reviews the structures of atoms, nuclei and elementary particles, aiming, I judge, at a level about that of a second year physics undergraduate. One therefore asks how it competes with many other books.


This mixed-method study examined the ways that principals and teachers coparticipated in discipline-focused online communities of practice designed to foster instructional improvement in two middle schools. Findings derived from interviews and content analysis of the online discussion threads revealed the emergence of a shared language about learning between principals and teachers, as well as how the scaffolding of knowledge development among those teachers was supported. Principal participation allowed teachers to gain insights about their principals' priorities, values, and beliefs about learning and was found to influence the quality of teacher-developed instructional units and teaching efficacy. Participative and directive leadership styles were represented by the principals, and their influence on the communication process and performance outcomes is discussed.


The main goal of this study was impact modification of polyacetal [polyoxymethylene (POM)] with thermoplastic elastomer polyurethane (TPU). We modified the impact strength of POM 10-fold. The mechanical properties, thermal behavior, and morphology of POM/TPU blends consisting of 5 to 50% of TPU were studied. It was found that the best impact modification of the blends was at 15% concentration of TPU and the maximum elongation at break was at 30% concentration of TPU. The impact strength of POM/TPU blends can be improved by using diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) as compatibilizer. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 2573–2582, 2002


An experiment was conducted at Deendayal Research Institute KVK, Chitrakoot UP to assess the effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soybean [(Glycine max (L.) Merrill] for yields, economics and quality during kharif 2009 and 2010. Total thirteen treatment were tested included 3 level of inorganic fertilizers as 50, 75, 100% NPK to soybean with combination of 3 organic manures as FYM, Vermicompost and cow pat pit (CPP). All yield attributing parameters were recorded significantly higher with treatment combination of 100% NPK through fertilizer + 5 t ha-1 FYM during 2008-09 and 2009-10 along with seed yield (2.47 and 2.56 t ha-1) and stover yield (2.41 and 2.66 t ha-1). Similarly, gross return (Rs.50067 and 53480 ha-1), net return (Rs.40432 and 42241 ha-1) and B:C ratio (4.76 and 4.98) were recoded maximum with same treatment during both years. This treatment also proved best regarding protein yield (1.04 and 1.05 t ha-1) and oil content (19.99 and 19.97%) while protein content (41.40 and 41.42%) was recoded maximum with 100% NPK + Vermi-compost 2.5 t ha-1 during 2009 and 2010.


A semiconductor chip includes a first substrate including a first surface and a second surface, a through-via plug passing through the first substrate, and a first conduction layer connected to an end of the through-via plug on the first surface, and a first bump including a first barrier layer on the first conduction layer, and a first solder layer for connecting the first substrate and a second substrate on the first barrier layer, and the first barrier layer includes a barrier material for preventing diffusion of a conductive material of the first conduction layer into the first solder layer.


The South Mayo Trough, a broad synclinorium containing a 10-km sequence of Early Ordovician turbidites passing up into shallow water sandstones, is interpreted as a forearc basin with an ophiolitic basement that formed a backstop to an accretionary prism on the northern edge of a north-facing arc. The arc collided with the Laurentian margin in Early Llanvirn times to deform the Dalradian Supergroup rifted margin clastic sequence. Prior to the late Llandovery, sinistral transcurrent faulting transposed the Connemara Dalradian terrane to its present position on the "outboard" ocean ward side of the South Mayo Trough. The South Mayo Trough was fed principally by arc and ophiolite-derived elastics during the Arenig with an increasing metamorphic component during the Llanvirn. The Late Ordovician transpressional "docking" of Connemara provided the southerly source for high-grade metamorphic clasts in the Deny veeny Formation.


In this article the pathwise numerical approximation of semilinear parabolic stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) driven by additive noise is considered. A new numerical scheme for the time and space discretization of such SPDEs is proposed, and this scheme is shown to converge for such SPDEs faster than standard numerical schemes such as the linear implicit Euler scheme or the linear-implicit Crank-Nicholson scheme. The suggested scheme takes advantage of the smoothing effect of the dominant linear operator and of two linear functionals of the noise process of the SPDE. The abstract setting under which the scheme is analyzed includes SPDEs driven by fractional Brownian motions too.


Chandler's dictum 'structure follows strategy… but the market is the common denominator' during the twentieth century was answered effectively by the one-dimensional multi-divisional organization, both in business as in government. Today's markets have a dynamic multidimensionality; customers having multiple preferences, dependent on time, day of the week, context of activities, and having a choice of information and distribution channels. To be in-control in such market requires multi-dimensional management accounting systems. Resources have changed from physical to uncodified personal knowledge and resourcefulness. With that the basis of motivation of workers is changing from being position oriented to contribution oriented. The resource allocation process has to give way to resource mobilization. A number of firms effectively have answered this complexity by adopting a multidimensional organization. The paper explains how these firms are effective and by what social, administrative, and technical measures they have transformed traditional ideas about amongst others authority, control, management and rewards, to create organizations which proof to be effective in dynamic complex environments. Consequences for qualifications of executives and managers are discussed. The paper also discusses why the fundamental transformation these firms have accomplished implies a change in the paradigms of management of change and of organization design.


ABSTRACT Agricultural projects play an increasingly important role in terms of employment, food security, wealth creation, and the development of innovation in an economy. However, their contribution to the national economy is still relatively small due to many challenges encountered by these projects and as a result, many projects do not reach their full potential and fail to perform as expected. The purpose of this study was to investigate determinants influencing perfomance of agricultural projects in Kenya. The target population under study was 75 agricultural projects in Nyeri County.The study adopted a census survey design to collect primary data.The study used  a questionnaire to collect the required primary and secondary data. A pilot study was conducted to pre-test the validity and reliability of instruments for data collection. The raw information was analyzed to yield qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data was analysed with the use of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 and excel. The variables were regressed at 5% level of significance to establish their relationship. The analysis showed that stakeholder invlvement had the strongest positive influence on perfomance of agricultural projects. In addition project team was positively correlated to perfomance of agricultural projects. The study established that project team and stakeholder involvement had a positive impact on the overall performance of agricultural projects. It was established that projects were not able to manage their costs, execution time, project risks and the project quality were not able to not only execute their projects on time, at cost and on schedule affecting the productivity. A review of literature indicated that there has been limited amount of research on determinants of performance of agricultural projects in the Kenyan context. Thus, the findings of this study  should serve as a basis for future studies on performance of agricultural projects. This study confined itself to the project team and stakeholder involvement. A comparative study should be carried out to compare whether the findings also apply for other projects in different areas in order to validate whether the findings can be generalized to others in Kenya. Key Words: Projeect Team, Stakeholder Involvement, Performance of Agricultural Projects in Kenya


Research on voting and political engagement suggests that structural features of political life can affect whether and how individuals participate. This includes the administration of elections, the ease with which one can cast a ballot, the opportunities for deliberation and engagement during election campaigns as well as the ways in which votes are translated into seats. Key here are the costs for voters—costs of time often chief amongst them—of getting involved, staying informed, reaching decisions, and casting a ballot. Scots have multiple electoral worlds to navigate, each of which has the capacity to alter the incentive structures for engagement for voters. This chapter explores these variations—focusing on the diversity of electoral experience in Scotland as well as frequent, recent, changes to elections—before focusing in greater detail on electoral systems, why they have been adopted and their implications for electoral outcomes in Scotland.


In this study, we applied a gaze-contingent window method to measure the spatial distribution of visual attention while playing an action video game. The peripheral visual field of a player was restricted to an area around the gaze by masks with various spatial extents. The quantitative relationship between window size and game performance confirmed that superior players had a wider distribution of visual attention than inferior players. An additional analysis of eye movements showed that the mean length of saccadic eye movements (indicating an overt allocation of attention) of inferior players was comparable to that of superior players. These results suggest that the difference in game performance between inferior and superior players may be due to the qualitative difference in the efficiency of covert allocation of visual attention. The present study also indicates the applicability of the gazecontingent window method for the online evaluations of performance and learning during dynamic visual-motor tasks.


Purpose To investigate the general pharmacology of Fufangshuizhijing capsule.MethodsTo examine effect on the blood pressure, the electrocardiogram, the breathing, the nervous system when given Fufangshuizhijing capsule in the different decoctions by animal experiment. Simultaneously, compared with the control group.ResultsFufangshuizhijing capsule could improve the levels of systolic pressure(SBP) while heart rate was slowed down and breathing range was deepened in the anaesthetized dogs that were given decoction of Fufangshuizhijing capsule above average on 5.7 g/kg or 11.4 g/kg within the duodenum. Fufangshuizhijing capsule reduced number of times about free movement in rat and influenced the coordination movement when it was taken on 5.7 g/kg or 11.4 g/kg. It is obviously differente compared with the control group or 2.85 g/kg near clinical direction dosage.But effects of the electrocardiogram and the respiratory rate in anaesthetized dogs or hypnosis of the rats with the threshold value dose of pentobarbital were not obvious.ConclusionAbove the dose, Fufangshuizhijing capsule could improve fixed blood pressure, slow fixed heart rate, deepen fixed breathing range and keep fixed calmness on experimental animal. Proved Fufangshuizhijing capsule is safe on 9 g/60(kg·d) of clinical direction dosage.


he has given us the first fairly full empirical discussion of this politically vital segment of the member's life-cycle. His evidence consists essentially of the responses of 659 children to a 49 item questionnaire plus some 20 individual interviews and observation of his respondents in several informal group sessions. In addition, Greenstein has exercised his considerable bibliographic talents to extract from the literature on child development some interesting information concerning long-term trends in children's exemplars. Seen in relation to some projects in this area currently under way, involving several thousands of respondents and hundreds of questionnaire items, Greenstein's data are, comparatively speaking, quite modest in scope. Yet, even with these limited data, he is able to engender some valuable hypotheses and perspectives about the political socialization phenomenon. He has an especially good ear for the major theoretical strains present in the still limited literature; and he integrates these nicely into his own analyses.


Chinese economy has achieved remarkable growth in terms of quantity, but Chinese economy is still immature in terms of quality, and there exist various problems in many fields of economic structure and operating system. Chinese economy, which has achieved rapid economic growth in the meantime, now reaches its limitation of growth model and engine and faces a new point of time that can not guarantee sustainable growth. As China enters this period called New Normal, the Chinese government is moving forward through the transition of growth engine and economic structure, etc., but due to the political and economic characteristics of China, it is expected to take a considerable time for the transition of this growth engine and economic mechanism to be successful, and for uncertainty to increase significantly during this period, and the increase of uncertainty is likely to be sustained for not temporary but considerable period of time, so in the analysis of Chinese economy in the future, it is necessary to study considering the existence and the change of this uncertainty.
This study intends to measure the uncertainty of Chinese economy based on Jurado et al (2015) basically and to understand the effect of the change of uncertainty of Chinese economy on the real economy of China. However, this study does not cite the method of Jurado et al (2015) as it is, but intends to estimate the uncertainty specified to Chinese economy by modifying and differently weighing the variable categories and variable items in accordance with the structure and reality of Chinese economy, and to confirm the effect on the real economy through Impulse Response and Variance Decomposition. In addition, in confirming the real economy, not only it tests some of the single variables that represent the real economy, but also it intends to extract two common factors of Economic Activity and Inflation, which represent the Chinese real economy, and to confirm its response to the uncertainty.


This paper deals with the p-Laplacian equations such as-div(|x|~α|u|~(p-2)u)+b(x)|u|~(p-1)=f(x,u).By selecting the appropriate space and approximating the bounded domain to the boundless domain,we overcome the difficulty of lack of compactness and obtain the the existence of nontrivial weak solutions in R~N with Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality and the mountain-pass-theorem without the(PS) condition.


After immersed by the solution containing photoinitiator and crosslinking agent, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) fibers were irradiated and crosslinked under UV light. From the experiments and measurements it is shown that some changes have happened to the structure and properties of the UHMWPE fibers. The heat and creep resistant properties of the fibers are improved dramatically, as well as its surface adhesive property. At the same time, the fibers keep its own excellent mechanical properties.


Background: Probability of dying of hemodialysis patients can also be caused by heart disease complication. Indonesia and Malaysia are neighbouring countries which might have different pattern in probability of dying and survival analysis of diabetic and / hypertensive patients who undergone hemodialysis with heart disease complication. Objective: To compare probability of dying and survival analysis hypertensive and / diabetic patients who undergone hemodialysis with heart disease complication in Hemodialysis (HD) center Jakarta, Indonesia and Penang, Malaysia. Methods: A cohort prospective study was done among inclusion criteria patients who had been followed up for 9 months. Universal sampling was used to select those hemodialysis patients. Results: There was significant relationship between probability of dying and heart disease comorbidity among hemodialysis patients in HD center Jakarta, Indonesia (hazard: -0.98, hazard ratio: 0.38, 95%Cl for hazard ratio: 0.15-0.98, P < 0.05), while no significant relationship was found between probability of dying and heart disease comorbidity among hemodialysis patients in HD center Penang, Malaysia (hazard: -1.19, hazard ratio: 0.31, 95%Cl for hazard ratio: 0.03-2.74, P > 0.05). Conclusion: Heart disease was one of the risk factors which caused mortality in HD center Jakarta, Indonesia and the percentage to survive for hemodialysis patients who had heart disease in HD center Jakarta was lesser than the patients who did hemodialysis in HD center Penang, Malaysia.


Usually, spatially uniform rainfall and hydrology is assumed in most flood modelling. This could be over estimating risk leading to increased costs, or missing the critical patterns that lead to the most significant floods. Techniques to alleviate this are, for example, continuous simulation and Monte Carlo analysis. The question is whether the extra cost and time involved is worth the added confidence. The challenge for the mathematicians is to find an approach that gets some of the benefits of a more detailed approach, with only a minimal increase in modelling. We could focus on identifying which are the critical samples to analyse in the range of all possible flood events. Or we could try to screen those situations when uniform rainfall is not fit for purpose so we only use more detailed methods when needed.


In order to efficiently apply the knowledge of chemical reactions, a hierarchical model is proposed for the repre sentation reaction knowledge in the development of computer aided synthesis design system. The key points of the model are the reaction centers, which are the core of the model, and their gradually enlarged layers. The hierarchical model and the definitions of the concepts used in the model are presented in this paper with an illustrative example. The advantage and shortcoming of the model and the possible improvements are discussed.


In laser-driven inertial fusion energy reactors, injected fuel pellets are continuously delivered into the reaction chamber and irradiated by laser beams injected at a frequency of tens of hertz. Thus far, a spherical shell pellet has been confirmed as the most conventional target design to achieve high-energy-density state thorough an implosion process that is required for fusion burn. To demonstrate repetitive fuel implosion with a 1 Hz joule-class laser system, a testbed of a shell injection system delivering a spherical shell (500 m diameter and 7 m thickness) was developed. The developed testbed demonstrated that (i) repetitive implosion (maximum frequency: 0.5 Hz) of shell injection was possible for more than ten shells at a shell speed of 191 mm s−1, and (ii) the distribution of the injected shell after 18 cm free-fall was within a circular region, 6.4 mm in diameter. The estimated laser-hit-ratio to the pellet was on the order of 10%.


This broadside, issued by acting president Gomez Farias to the citizens of Michoacan, was written the day after the outbreak of Polkos revolt in the nation s capital. Characterizing the Polkos and their leader, Pena y Barragan, as traitors for their refusal to defend the homeland against the United States, the document called for unity in the face of the invasion, and reaffirmed the authority of the Mexican government.


Professor Frank D. Day, School of Police Administration and Public Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, began his career with the New York City Police Department in 1931. In 1952 he retired with the rank of lieutenant and served a year with the U. S. Civil Service Commission as an investigator. In 1953 Professor Day joined the staff of the Southern Police Institute and subsequently was appointed to the staff of Michigan State University. An associate editor of this Journal, he has published several articles in this journal and in other professional publications. He is author of Criminal Law and Society (1964) and co-author of Introduction to Law Enforcement (1962). -EDITOR.


The following article is discussing the use of logotherapy,
developed by V. E. Frankl as a humanistic and existentialist
branch of psychotherapy in social work. Logotherapy is
generally used in psychotherapy to heal the so called noogene
neurosis first described by V. E. Frankl in unemployed young
people at the beginning of the 20th century. Logotherapists see
a connection between the occurance of the noogene neurosis and
the free time, a new phenomenon in the 20. century, connected
to changes in society and work conditions of people. The
underlying thesis of this article is that, through using
prismatic spectacles of social ecological theory, logotherapy
can be used in social work. I would like to show that
logotherapy has a potential for being used not only by
psychotherapists, but also in social work. The main body of
thus defined social work is understood as a person in
environment in H. Bartletts tradition and social ecological
theory in social work, see C. Germain). By definition of
logotherapy I will show how the basic principles of logotherapy
are topical and useful for application by a social worker
(specialist) in todays society. After Bartlett, the concept of
life situation, looks like this: person interaction environment
demands and expectation. This concept is actually a complex of
all individual and collective factors which cause that a person
is or is not capable of social functioning. Social functioning
means living more or less independently in an environment as
e.g. a member of a minority, as an unemployed person, as a
mother with children, as a drug-addicted young person and so
on. After Bartlett is the theory is concerned with 1.problems
connected to developmental cycles of a man (see f. e. E.
Erikson); 2.problems connected to the use and influence of
environment (relations in a broader family, unemployment
process); 3.problems among family members or another group
which is no more able to cope with the demands of the
environment. The ecological model means focus on interactions
and contacts of individuals or an environment, which means
biological, sociological, psychological and spiritual
dimension. The mutual dynamics of contacts, reciprocity and
transformation is assumed, but so are conflicts. The key
concept is the social position. Within this, mutual contacts of
an individual and environment, possible sanctions, etc. are
defined.


Ano Rectal Malformations (ARM) are group of anomalies which are usually diagnosed after birth, because of their almost invariable association with imperforate anus. ARM due to embryological reasons are also associated with urogenital anomalies i.e. in about 40-50% cases.If any Urogenital anomaly is diagnosed antenatally, ARM can be anticipated due to such an association. Hence antenatal scan which is considered the best modality for diagnosis of urogenital anomalies has a high value for predicting the ARM antenatally. In the present case, the antenatal scans detected very scanty liquor along with bilateral agenesis of the kidney. Considering these, the pregnancy was terminated medically. But when the ultrasound scan was carried out on the aborted fetus it showed the presence of kidney on right side. Surprisingly enough, when the same fetus was taken up for dissection, it revealed the presence of kidney on both sides along with Rectovesical fistula and imperforate anus.


Abstract : A series of laboratory tests on sand from Enewetak Atoll was conducted to support two and three phase numerical modeling efforts. Conventional soil characterization tests were run along with high blood pressure drained uniaxial strain tests in both an odometer and triaxial vessel. Material properties of the soil skeleton were defined as a function of initial density, loading rate, and stress level, to peak stresses of about 20,000 psi. Extensive grain crushing under both uniaxial and hydrostatic loadings is documented and compared.


The invention relates to an efficient carbonate type collophanite reverse flotation reagent and a preparation method thereof. A process comprises the steps that (1) vegetable oil or fatty acid is adopted as a raw material, and after hydrogenation, hydrogenated vegetable oil or hydrogenated fatty acid is prepared; (2) obtained hydrogenated oil and fat or fatty acid is saponified, and hydrogenated fatty acid soap is prepared; and (3) the fatty acid soap obtained through hydrogenation and a surface active agent are mixed to prepare a novel collophanite reverse flotation collecting agent. According to the efficient carbonate type collophanite reverse flotation reagent and the preparation method thereof, selectivity and collection performance of common vegetable oil or fatty acid soap in carbonate type collophanite reverse flotation operation can be obviously improved, the concentrate grade and the carbonate removal rate can be obviously increased, the flowability and dispersity of the collecting agent within the temperature range of 0 DEG C-30 DEG C are greatly improved, and product practicality is enhanced.


The modular multi-level converter (MMC) is the core equipment of the voltage-sourced converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) transmission system, and its reliability directly affects the system stability. The IEC standard points out that the operation test of the MMC is carried out with the valve section as the tested object. It evaluates the power unit's ability to withstand voltage and current stress. In this regard, first, the existing valve section operation test (VSOT) topology were summarized. And compare and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the energy supplement methods in each VSOT system. Then, a new energy supplement scheme for VSOT is proposed. Based on an asymmetrical operation test topology, a multi-port low-voltage DC power supply scheme is proposed. The output ports of the energizing power are connected in parallel with some power units in the energy supplement valve section to provide active power loss for the VSOT system. Compared with the high-voltage energy supplementing method of the original system, the proposed scheme has the advantages of small equipment footprint and high power factor, etc. Multiple low-voltage DC ports can be connected in series or parallel, so the output voltage and current range are wider. The correctness of the proposed energy supplement topology and scheme is verified by simulation.


High performance magnetic field gradient coils have always been desirable in today's ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications, such as single-shot echo-planar imaging and fast spin echo imaging, as well as MR diffusion imaging and microscopy. We present a Lagrange multiplier technique of a minimum inductance gradient coil with spherical geometry. Based on this minimization approach, we construct a functional F in terms of the stored magnetic energy, the magnetic field and a set of field constraint points which are chosen over the desired imaging volume. Minimizing F, we obtain the continuous current density distribution for the spherical gradient coil. Applying the stream function technique to the continuous current distribution, the discrete current pattern can then be generated. Employing the Biot–Savart law to the discrete current loops, the gradient magnetic field has been re-evaluated in order to validate the theory. Using this approach, we have been able to design a spherical z-gradie...


'thought provoking exercises' and 'plenty of guidance and advice' My guess is that, to anyone other than the most extreme pragmatist, this descnption will be seen as putting the best gloss on what would otherwise look to be an almost arbitrary collection of items, bitty lists, unsubstantiated assertions, and apparently random thoughts, built around a 'Learnng Diagnostic Questionnaire' (LDQ) tested on just 207 managers There is little explicit reasoning and, despite a section on further reading, on the whole very few references to other works (though it is suggested that the user reads 'the fascinating piece by Peter Honey on learning' from the outdoors') Frankly, I found it increasingly difficult to stick to my task of ploughing through the whole manual This is very surpnsmg given my very real interest n the focal area of the manual but perhaps less surpnsing given my sconng on the LDQ which identified, amongst other things, that I look for escape from boredom rather than become determined to fnd something interesting' Neither did stickng to the task do much to dissuade me from a view (again apparently indicative of a less than ideal attitude to learrnng opportunities) that 'the effort you put into something and the benefits you gan are not necessanly associated'


This paper explores how much U.S. labor quality has increased due to rising school spending. Given a drastic increase in the U.S. public school spending per pupil during the 20th century, accounting only for the increases in mean years of schooling of the workforce may miss out on a signi…cant part of labor quality growth. In order to estimate the impact of rising school spending on labor quality growth, I examine how earnings of younger cohorts compare to those of older cohorts, beyond the estimated Mincer return to schooling. My …ndings are that rising school spending is about half as important as increases in mean years of schooling for U.S. labor quality growth, and that labor quality growth explains about one quarter of the growth in labor productivity between 1967 and 2000. The growth in human capital of the workforce due to rising school spending explains only a quarter of the increases in empirical returns to schooling, and a rising skill premium explains the rest. Controlling for the rise in skill premium is important–failing to do so would double the estimated importance of the increased expenditure to growth in human capital. Keywords: Rising School Quality, Labor Quality Growth, Growth Accounting JEL Classi…cations: J24, O47, O51 This is a revised version of chapter 1 of my Ph.D. dissertation submitted to the University of Rochester. I am deeply indebted to Mark Bils for his generous support and encouragement. I also thank Mark Aguiar, Yongsung Chang, Jay H. Hong, and seminar participants at the University of Rochester, the State University of New York at Bu¤alo, the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, Korea Development Institute, Far Eastern Meeting of the Econometric Society 2008, and Midwest Macro Meetings 2007 for their valuable comments. All errors are mine. y Dept. of Economics, University at Bu¤alo (SUNY), Bu¤alo, NY 14260. Email: hyemiyou@bu¤alo.edu


In this paper we present an autopsy case of fatal varicella. The patient was a 14‐year‐old boy who had minimal change nephrotic syndrome. While undergoing treatment with 1.5 mg/kg/day of prednisolone, he developed atypical vesicular lesions and disseminated intravascular coagulation. He died within 3 days of showing signs of varicella. The microscopic tests revealed herpetic viral particles in many organs. When treating nephrotic syndrome with steroids, each individual patient must be taken into consideration and the smallest effective dose should be used for a shorter period.


Abstract Coe's (1978) contextualist analysis of posthypnotic amnesia appears to be predicated on the mistaken assumption that the amnesic S actually remembers the critical material. This position leads Coe to place inappropriate emphasis on the social context in which amnesia takes place and to focus on the social-psychological processes that might lead Ss to say that they do not remember something, be believed by others, and even believe themselves. An alternative view is outlined which affirms the surface similarities between posthypnotic amnesia and other failures of memory. From this vantage point, the investigator seeks to understand the cognitive processes that produce subjectively compelling disruptions of memory retrieval, whether found in association with hypnosis or in other circumstances.


Only two cases of recurrent gall-stone ileus diagnosed in the post-operative period have been reported. Guistra et al. (1977) reported the only fully described case. Eisenman et al. (1967) used the radiographs of a case in a review of radiographic signs in gall-stone ileus. In both, the diagnosis could have been made on a plain abdominal radiograph. We report a case in which plain films were inadequat for diagnosis.