Geographical planning is a process undertaken by humans in daily activities. The Geoplanner is designed to aid this process, difficult even by human standards. Using AI techniques, a blackboard model is developed which incorporates modules capable of collectively undertaking such tasks. The organization, model, and implementation of the Geoplanner is described, highlighting its flexibility and modularity. The associated object oriented knowledge base including a representation of routing networks is discussed from the perspective of human cognitive maps. A route planner, mimicking human planning behaviour, is illustrated with examples to show its efficiency in planning routes through these networks. >


The physic garden, associated with medical institutions and predominantly for the purpose of training medical students, or for the growing of commercial drugs by apothecaries, was transformed across Europe in the late-eighteenth century. New botanic gardens were created that were organised for the benefit of new audiences extending beyond medical students to those interested in botanical science, agricultural improvements and seeing at first-hand new botanic introductions from around the globe.


Addition of functionalized aryl, heteroaryl or adamantyl zinc reagents to various nitroso-arenes in the presence of magnesium salts and LiCl in THF produces after a reductive work-up with FeCl2 and NaBH4 in ethanol the corresponding polyfunctional secondary amines in high yields.


The oxidation-reduction and spectroscopic properties of various forms of nitrous oxide reductase from Pseudomonas stutzeri were investigated. The high-activity form I of the enzyme (purple, 8 Cu, Mr 140 000) was reduced by a large variety of cationic, anionic and photochemically generated agents. The blue form III was the only product found in these experiments under anaerobic conditions. Reductive (dithionite) and oxidative (ferricyanide) titrations showed that the conversion of the purple form I to the blue species III was fully reversible in the absence of dioxygen. Two kinetically different phases of the reaction of form I with a stoichiometric amount of dithionite (1e−-equivalent/Cu) were detected: in the fast phase (seconds), the purple chromophore with λ-max at 540 nm disappeared almost completely, whereas in the slower phase (minutes) the blue species with λmax around 650 nm was generated. Irrespective of the nature of the reductant the blue species did not react even at large excess of reductant. It was reoxidized by ferricyanide, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide.

A new, catalytically inactive derivative of nitrous oxide reductase (form V, 2 Cu, Mr 140 000) was isolated from a transposon Tn5-induced mutant with defective chromophore biosynthesis. The pink color of the mutant protein faded almost completely after addition of 0.5e−-equivalent/Cu. In this case no blue species was found, similar to earlier observations for the regenerated, catalytically inactive protein.

Varying with the sample and the pH, 50–80% of the total copper of form I was in an electron-paramagnetic-resonance-(EPR)-silent state as compared to 47% in the mutant protein. The broad, featureless EPR signal recorded at 9.32 GHz for the blue, reduced form III of nitrous oxide reductase represented approximately 20% of the total copper.

For the blue species no resolution enhancement was achieved at 34 GHz. At this frequency both forms I and V showed similar EPR signals with apparent g-values at 2.16 and 1.99. At 9.32 GHz, form V had an EPR signal with gII at 2.18, AII= 3.55 mT (4 or 5 lines, in contrast to form I) and gI at 2.03. Above 100 K the splitting of the gII region into seven equidistant lines in the EPR signal of the high-activity form I and the hyperfine structure of the perpendicular transition disappeared.

Carbon monoxide and nitric oxide, but not nitrous oxide, had marked effects on the spectroscopic properties of the purple form I. Marked effects were also obtained for the exogenous ligands nitrite, azide, cyanate and thiocyanate. The purple chromophore disappeared in the presence of these agents and the gII region of the corresponding EPR spectra at 9.32 GHz broadened. No superhyperfine structure originating from the interaction between the Cu(II) centers of nitrous oxide reductase and these ligands was detected. Nitric oxide also reacted with the reduced form III of the enzyme, giving a species with the spectroscopic properties of the pink form II. A considerable amount of nitrite was generated in the reaction of nitric oxide and the purple form I, depending on the partial pressure and the reaction time.

When form I was mixed with hydrogen peroxide or potassium superoxide at 0°C, a blue intermediate with a broad shoulder around 640 nm was observed. The EPR spectrum of the reaction product showed the presence of type 2 Cu(II) centers with gII= 2.26, AII= 18.5 mT and gI= 2.06.

The present results indicate that the coordination sphere of the purple Cu centers in nitrous oxide reductase are rather labile towards subtle changes in the environment such as pH and exogenous ligands. The spectroscopic properties of the blue species and its persistence in the presence of strong reductants point towards a catalytic site with Cu in a 'reduced' state, stabilized by thiol or disulfide sulfur with substantial spin density delocalized onto sulfur.


The dispute over Li(the universal order)and Qi(the universal breath)has lasted over 500 years in Chinese history,which witnessed the conflicts,fusion and convergence of the two philosophies:Li being the fundament and Qi being the fundament.In the history of Chinese ancient philosophy,Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi first proposed that the never changing base of the universe is Li and that Li is the base of Qi.Luo Qinshun reinterpreted the teachings of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi and made Qi the base of Li.Consequently,there came a major turning point in the Lixue(the School of Nature and Order)of the Song and Ming Dynasties.Luo Qinshun subverted the system of Lixue as an insider and echoed the Qixue advocated by Zhang Zai and Wang Tingxiang.Luo's position in the history of Chinese philosophy comes from his theoretical methodology and his thoughts that developed Confucianism.


Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is an attractive technique in fabrication of microelectronics presently and in the future, for its accurate thickness control in atomic scale, excellent conformality, and uniformity over large areas at low temperature. It has been adapted and used in deposition of ultrathin TaNx films as diffusion barriers for Cu metallization. In this study, composition, structure, and stability of ultra-thin (1.5–10 nm) atomic layer deposited films are characterized by a set of complementary analytical techniques. The results indicate that the N to Ta atomic concentration ratio in the ALD TaNx films is approximately 2, independent of the film thickness and annealing up to 750 °C. Hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon are detected as impurities within the as-deposited films. The as-deposited ALD TaNx films have an fcc NaCl-type nanocrystalline structure even when the film thickness is 1.5 nm. Following thermal anneal at 600 °C and higher, the films do not undergo a structural change except for an inc...


This guide accompanies the following article: Smith, E., Shortage or surplus? A long-term perspective on the supply of scientists and engineers in the USA and the UK. Review of Education , DOI:10. 1002/rev3.3091


Presents a new antenna diagnostic technique from only near field amplitude measurements which overcomes various drawbacks while retaining the positive features of the square amplitude based approach. The presented technique is based on two independent sets of intensity data obtained by exploiting two different probes on a single scanning surface and thus does not require an increase in the measurement time and the anechoic chamber size. A planar scanning geometry, a planar source and a scalar case, are considered, although the approach can be applied to a vectorial case and a different geometry.


In this work, we evaluated the rate of entry of heavy metals into the edible parts of wild mushrooms, from central Spis area. The area is characterized by extremely high content of heavy metals particularly mercury in abiotic and biotic components of ecosystems. The toxicity of heavy metals is well known and described. Known is also the ability of fungi to accumulate contaminants from substrates in which mushrooms grow. We have collected commonly consumed species of mushrooms ( Russula vesca., Macrolepiota procera, Lycoperdon pyriforme, Lecinum piceinum, Boletus reticulatus ). Sampling was conducted for two years 2012 and 2013. The samples taken mushrooms and substrates on which to grow, we determined heavy metal content (Cd, Pb, Cu), including total mercury content modified by atomic absorption spectrometry (AMA - 254). In the substrate, we determined the humus content and pH value. The heavy metal content in soils were evaluated according to Law no. 220/2004 Z.z The exceedance limit values of Cd, Pb, Cu and Hg was recorded. Most significantly the respective limit was recorded in soil samples in the case of mercury. The determined concentration Hg was 39.01 mg.kg -1 . From the results, we evaluated the degree of ability to bioaccumulate heavy metals different kinds of fungi. We also evaluated the health safety of the consumption of these fungi on the comparison with the limit values provided in the food code of SR. We recorded a high rate of accumulation of mercury in the species Boletus reticulatus and Macrolepiota procera. For these types we recorded the most significant than allowed concentrations of mercury in mushrooms. The highest recorded concentration reached 17.64 mg.kg -1 Hg in fresh matter. The limit value was exceeded also in the case of copper. We do not recommend to increased consumption of wild mushrooms in the reference area.


Two years of drought have persuaded Portugal to broaden its generating capacity from a reliance on hydroelectric plants to include fossil fuel and eventually nuclear plants. The International Monetary Fund has so far declined to finance the projects, but Portuguese officials are confident of eventual foreign backing for capital and equipment. The Portuguese population and industry appear to be stable since nationalization of major industries, including the electric power industry, in June 1976. A desire to augment industrialization also entered into the planning for thermal plants. Details of the proposed additions to the hydo system and the planned thermal units are described in terms of capacity, location, construction schedules, and design.


Active suspended membranes are an ideal test-bench for experimenting with novel laser geometries and principles. We show that adding thin AlGaAs barrier near the top and bottom Air/GaAs interfaces of the membrane significantly reduces the carriers non-radiative recombinations and decreases the threshold of test photonic crystal test lasers. We review the existing literature on photonic crystal membrane fabrication and propose an overview of the significant defects that can be induced by each fabrication step. Finally we propose a complete processing scheme that overcome most of these defects.


As ubiquitous technology is emerging as a new paradigm of information technology industry, business environment has been more complicated. According to this change, many enterprises have focused establishing a business model (BM) for creating a new value. Therefore, the importance of developing a suitable business model has been increasing more and more. In this research, we suggested the business model feasibility analysis (BMFA) framework for evaluating a BM. Also, in order to suggest methodology applications, it was applied to portable internet, called Wibro business model. This study is meaningful in suggesting integrated perspective analyzing business model in technology, strategy and market view in ubiquitous technology environments and concretizing the application of framework by case study for portable internet business models.


An adult woman normally owns three identities:daughter-in-law, wife,and mother. The performances of these three personalities change along with time. The personality of daughter-in-law plays a pure instrumental role in a family, and wife plays partly, and finally mother palys hardly. Instrumental role means functional to a family, and the position of women in family improves along with the lost of the instrumentality.


C−Benzotriazole bonds were selectively transformed to give the corresponding α-aminocarbanions when N-(α-aminoalkyl)benzotriazoles were reacted with either Li/LiBr or SmI2 in the presence of representative electrophiles. The ranges of applicability of the two reagents complement each other, and together the two protocols provide a general route from readily available crystalline starting materials to a variety of "nonstabilized" α-aminocarbanions that can be trapped in moderate to good yields.


Gas microsensors based on non-functionalised and functionalised tungsten oxide nanoneedles with platinum nanoparticles, synthesised and integrated directly onto transducing microsensor platforms via Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition, are fabricated and tested towards various concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and some interfering gases (CO, H2, NH3, EtOH). Results show improved sensing characteristics in functionalised microsensors as a result of the incorporation of platinum nanoparticles of reduced size (<4 nm) with even distribution onto highly crystalline tungsten oxide nanoneedles. An arrangement of both non-functionalised and functionalised sensing films in an array of sensors shows the potential of these devices to selectively monitor hydrogen sulfide.


Background: the main idea behind the pulpotomy of a primary tooth is to remove the infected or inflamed coronal pulp tissues and cover the pulp with a suitable medicament or dressing which promotes healing and preserve the vitality of the teeth especially in young permanent teeth. A medicament should be biologically compatible, have healing capabilities, should be non cytotoxic, or mutagenic and with no carcinogenic potential.
Aim: the main aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the efficacy of commonly used two medicaments i.e. formocresol and sodium hypochlorite in pulpotomy of mandibular primary teeth.
Material and methodology: a randomized controlled single blinded clinical trial was done on 50 subjects of age ranging from 3 to 6 years with bilateral mandibular first or second molar requiring pulpotomy. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups with 25 subjects in each. Group I, consisted of subjects on which formocresol medicament was used after extirpation of coronal pulp while in Group II, 3% sodium hypochlorite was used. Clinical along with the radiographic signs and symptoms were blindly recorded at an interval of 1, 3, 6 and 12 months respectively.
Results: Statistically significant results were obtained in group II, when patients treated with 3% sodium hypochlorite. There was no major difference between the two medicaments used, but to the various adverse effects of formocresol, its usage has been limited.
Conclusion: within the limitation of the study, it was concluded that sodium hypochlorite medicament proved to have better prognosis and can be suggested as a pulpotomy agent for primary teeth. Although formocresol was found to have similar significant results can also be used as a medicament.

Keywords: Formocresol, Pulpotomy, Primary Teeth, Sodium Hypochlorite


The technique of FRP(fibre reinforced polymer) fast strengthening steel members is presented in concept and operation.The effectiveness of the technique is proven through the preliminary experiments of three specimens.Then,another 14 specimens have been tested under axial compressive loading,through which the compressive behaviour and strengthening effects are investigated with different configuration parameters,including two slenderness ratios,two confinement configurations(pultruded FRP profile and hand lay-up fibber sheets),two filled materials(mortar and bamboo splits) and the end connections(confined end-plate connection and single sideband pinned end conditions).The strengthening effects are analyzed by the comparison of both theoretical and test results,which shows that the overall buckling failure of steel members can be prevented by FRP strengthening,and the ultimate loading capacity and deformation capacity of steel members are enhanced obviously.The highest loading capacity of a strengthening member is 2.86 times of a non-strengthened one.Ductile failure tends to happen for the strengthened member.All these concluded that the technique of FRP fast strengthening steel members is feasible and effective.


This paper describes a Pascal computer program which performs the Games-Howell procedure for making multiple comparisons among means of groups with unequal variances and unequal ns. Data are read from a text file consisting of means, variances, and sample sizes of the groups.


The results of studies to determine the culture-morphological peculiarities of Colletotrichum acutatum species complex are presented in the article. Eleven isolates from infected fruit and small fruit crops were revealed. As result of sequencing, the following species belonging to the isolates were determined: C. acutatum, C. nymphaeae - strawberry, C. fi oriniae - pear, C. godetiae - ornamental apple tree, C. fi oriniae - grapes. The most optimal environment for growth and sporulation of C. acutatum fungi complex were potatodextrose agar, Mathur's Medium Modifi ed, oat agar.


Background: Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is an aggressive mesenchymal malignancy. Although patient-derived cell lines are invaluable tools for preclinical studies, there are only a few UPS cell lines available in public cell banks. In the present study, we established a cell line from the primary tumor tissue of a UPS patient. Methods: Primary UPS tumor tissues were sampled to establish cell lines. Morphological and proteomic analyses were performed and sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs was evaluated. Results: We established a novel UPS cell line, namely NCC-UPS1-C1 cells, and maintained the cells for over 100 passages. The characters of cells as morphology, growth rate, colony formation capacity, and immunehistochemical traits were confirmed. Mass spectrometric protein expression profiling revealed that the proteome of the original tumor tissue differed from that of the cell line. Sensitivity to 164 anti-cancer drugs was screened for their growth inhibitory effects. Conclusions: Patientderived cell line in this study may be useful for understanding the molecular background of drug resistance in UPS. Furthermore, the use of the patient-derived cancer model will facilitate our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying poor prognosis, and will contribute to novel therapeutic strategies.


An efficient time‐accurate algorithm is presented for numerical simulations of low‐Mach number variable density flows in the context of non‐premixed flames. The algorithm is based on a segregated solution formalism in the class of pressure‐correction methods. It shows good conservation properties and returns stable results, regardless of the difference in density between neighboring cells. A simplified Burke–Schumann flame model is used to describe the heat release due to mixing of fuel and oxidizer. The convergence rate of the method is discussed for a 1D channel flow, containing fuel and oxidizer. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The British statesman Edmund Burke had a genius for political argument and his impassioned works shaped late 18th-century public life in England. This annotated anthology of his work illustrates his concern with not only preserving, but also reforming the British Empire.


A basic two-stage model has been built under HSV framework based on incomplete contract theory. Then through a comparative study on productive and unproductive investment of RD sector among public provision,private provision and provision by public-private partnerships,RD sector would be without incentive under public and private provision,while RD investment would be incentive in RD activities under provision by public-private partnerships. Finally,financing mechanism,government efficiency,industrial transformation,entrepreneurship in the public-private partnerships cultivation of strategic emerging industries has been proposed as further research directions.


Automatic tracking and identification of faces and persons are essential tasks in many video analysis systems, for example to automatically generate meta data or as basis for higher level applications. In many cases, identification is based on a single modality such as faces. In this work, we propose methods to improve person identification by integration of multiple cues including multiple modalities and contextual information. We motivate and evaluate our proposed methods in the context of multimedia data, specifically TV series. Despite its usually high resolution, multimedia data presents many challenges. For example, camera views change constantly at shot boundaries, the camera position is generally unknown and image conditions and poses of faces and poses can change rapidly due to the underlying plot. Since we make only few assumptions about the underlying data, our methods are applicable to other domains as well, for example in the area of safety and security. Before we can identify a face, it has to be localized in the image first. In videos we can further associate localizations over time to consecutive face tracks. Face tracks can then be identified jointly and errors in single frames (e.g., due to noise in the data or imprecise localization) can be mitigated, improving overall identification accuracy. In this work, we propose a detector-based face tracking approach based on a large bank of detectors which cover a range of head poses. We integrate the detectors in a particle filter such that these can be used efficiently, i.e. only one detector out of 49 is evaluated for each particle. We evaluate our approach on a data set of two TV series, which we annotated with ground truth face positions. The data set contains over 100 000 annotated faces and is one of the largest public data sets available for the evaluation of face tracking. With our proposed tracking approach we achieve an improvement of 0.15 in Multiple Object


Abstract To determine whether cardiac malfunction in chronic alcoholics precedes clinical signs of cardiac damage, noninvasive polygraphic recordings were carried out and interpreted independently ...


This investigation aimed to evaluate genetics of body conformation and feed efficiency characteristics in a selected line of Rhode Island Red chicken taking 100 numbers of single hatched out pedigreed chicks at Central Avian Research Institute (India). Data was analyzed by least squares analysis of variance. Least squares means of body weight, shank length, keel length, breast angle, body Weight Gain (WG), Feed Consumption (FC) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were estimated at various weeks of age. Sires of the chicks significantly (p<0.05) influenced the estimates of all the traits throughout the ages with a few exceptions. Chicks' sex also affected (p<0.05) the estimates of all the traits excepting 4th week body conformation traits, FC at 6th week onwards and 6th week FCR only. Male birds demonstrated better estimates than females throughout the ages. The FC and 16th week FCR also varied (p<0.05) among different feeding groups. All the traits excluding FC were heritable at variable magnitude. The estimates of genetic and phenotypic correlations coefficients were positive in trends with high magnitude among the intra-week body conformation traits and least to high magnitude among various feed efficiency traits. Only WG and FCR were invariably negatively correlated with a range of low to high genetic correlation coefficients. These research-outcomes may serve as base information to the breeders and academicians.


It is well known that homeownership has an impeding effect on migration. The strong increase in homeownership in the Netherlands since the Second World War might have led to a decrease in migration, thereby a less flexible labour market, and fewer options for career advancement for individuals. Three factors might have counterbalanced this potential consequence of increasing homeownership. First, the composition of the population of homeowners has changed in the direction of younger, more mobile households. Second, homeownership has become more common, possibly leading to greater dynamics within the owner-occupied segment of the housing market. And third, economic growth might have led to more migration. Using the Housing Demand Surveys and logistic regression analysis, we investigated to what extent the growth in homeownership led to a decrease in migration in the Netherlands in the 1980s and 1990s, and to what extent the effect of homeownership on migration changed. We find – contrary to what we expected – that during the research period the negative effect of homeownership on migration seems to have strengthened. However, within the research period, this negative effect was compensated by a general rise in migration, probably attributable to economic growth.


William John Little (1810–1894) was one of the outstanding pioneers of orthopedic surgery in the early nineteenth century. He studied under the great innovator Strongmeyer and returned to London to enter practice, devoting himself chiefly to crippled children. In 1838 he founded the Royal Orthopaedic Hospital (London). This paper on cerebral palsy in children was the first clear description of the syndrome. His long term interest in these cases was so universally appreciated that during the decades when medical eponyms were fashionable, cerebral palsy was referred to as Little's disease in the literature of all languages. At a much later date when stroke patients were taken out of the back rooms of their homes or hospitals for active attempts at rehabilitation, the measures used in children were adapted to adults (Fig. 1).


The growth performance, blood parameters and production cost of two hundred and fifty two (252) Abor acre plus broiler chickens fed sweet orange peel meal (SOPM) with and without enzymes were investigated. The experimental diets consist of control (T ), maize was 0 replaced with SOPM at 15, 20 and 25 % without exogenous enzymes to form T , T and T 1 2 3 respectively, and another supplemented with exogenous enzyme to form T , T and T 4 5 6 respectively. The birds were randomly allocated to seven treatment groups replicated three times to have 12 birds per replicate and were fed experimental diet ad-libitum for eight weeks. Result showed that broiler chickens fed control diet (T ) had significantly (P<0.05) 0 higher final weight (FW) of 2.44kg, weight gain (WG) of 42.91, feed intake (FI) of 86.53, better feed conversion ratio (FCR)of 2.01 and protein conversion ratio (PCR)of 0.44 compared to other dietary treatments. Broiler chickens fed T and T had significantly 1 4 (P<0.05) higher final weight of 1.98 and 1.98 kg, weight gain of 34.69 and 34.71 g and feed intake of 78.35 and 81.63 g respectively while significantly (P<0.05) least values of 1.75 and 1.80 kg final weight, 30.73 and 31.49 g weight gain and 69.47 and 71.84 g feed intake respectively were recorded in broiler chickens fed T and T . Haematological indices namely: 2 5 PCV, RBC, WBC and Hb were not significantly different (P>0.05) but MCV, MCH, MCHC, lymphocytes, heterophil, eosinophil and monocytes differed significantly (P<0.05). Serum biochemical indices namely total protein, albumin, globulin and uric acid were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the experimental diets. Though, there was no detrimental effect of SOPM and enzyme on production cost as profit was made at all replacement levels of SOPM with and without enzyme treatment, but profit per bird (N) and cost to benefit ratio revealed the superiority of the broiler chickens fed control diet (T ). Based on the results obtained, 0 SOPM can replace maize up to 25 % without posing any deleterious effect on the broiler chickens growth performance, blood parameters and production cost. However, the cost to benefit ratio was compromised with the use of SOPM.


Focus is on the cathedral chants – the troparion (a thematic hymn) Sṓson, Kýrie, tón laón sou (Lord, save your people) and the kontakion (a sung poetic homily) Ho hypsotheís en tōi Staurōi (Lifted up on the Cross) – designed for the Feast of the Exaltation of the Cross on September 14, when Emperor Heraclius brought the relics for permanent safekeeping in the Byzantine capital in 628. In 2016 Cappella Romana in collaboration with Icons of Sound (the multi-disciplinary project on the acoustics and aesthetics of Hagia Sophia directed by myself and Jonathan Abel) reconstructed the music of these two hymns and sung them auralized live in the acoustics of the Great Church. Using this new evidence of the reconstructed and auralized chants, this essay analyzes the melodies and uncovers how their sonic design triggers specific acoustic effects in the interior of the Great Church which become vehicles expressing political ideology.


The μAnt-Miner algorithm is an extension of the well-known Ant-Miner classification rule discovery algorithm. μAnt-Miner utilizes multiple pheromone types, one for each permitted rule class. An ant would first select the rule class and then deposit the corresponding type of pheromone. In this paper, we explore the use of different rule quality evaluation functions for rule quality assessment prior to pheromone update. The aim of this investigation is to discover how the use of different evaluation function affects the output model in terms of predictive accuracy and model size. In our experimental results, we use 10 different rule quality evaluation functions on 13 benchmark datasets, and identify a Pareto frontier of 4 evaluation functions.


The importance and expansion of the role of private security officers in policing have led many countries to introduce special legislation to govern them. Many industrialized countries have a long history of such measures. The structures and standards introduced, however, have varied significantly. In North America generally minimal standards have been mandated that centre on character. In many European countries, by contrast, standards have been comprehensive, sometimes including hundreds of hours of mandatory training. In England and Wales, however, it was only in 2001 that such legal intervention was finally introduced, and the system that has begun to unfold has caused much debate on its effectiveness. Significant sectors have been excluded, and comprehensive standards of regulation have been rejected for an approach barely above North American standards of governance. This paper will examine the emerging English system of legal control. It will compare some of its features with those of other European countries and produce a league table from this. Reference will also be made to North America and Australia. It will be argued that the system to be introduced for security guards in England and Wales falls below European norms and needs to be more demanding if the performance and accountability of the industry are to be enhanced and the industry is to play the expanding role in policing that many increasingly expect.


Abstract Micronutrients are involved in nearly all cellular processes, inadequacies or deficiencies may accelerate cellular aging and increase risk for chronic diseases later in life.1 Optimizing micronutrient intake may help reduce the risk for developing certain age-related conditions/diseases, including osteopenia/osteoporosis,2 sarcopenia,3 falls,4 mild cognitive impairment,5 immunosenescence,6 impaired resilience,7 hypertension,8 cataracts,9 and age-related macular degeneration.10 The importance of calcium and vitamin D for maintaining bone health has been established,2 but these micronutrients may also be involved with muscle health and reducing the risk for falls and consequent bone fractures in later life.11 Vitamin D may also be involved in stress management and resilience.12 Vitamins C, D, and E, zinc, selenium, and other micronutrients are necessary for healthy immune system function,13,14 and vitamin E is important for cognition,15 immune competence,16 and eye health.10 Although these micronutrients are individually involved with these processes by acting as antioxidants, hormonal regulators of gene expression, or cofactors in enzymatic reactions, there are also important interactions between micronutrients to consider (eg, calcium/vitamin D in musculoskeletal health). Importantly, a significant proportion of the aging population does not meet the recommended intake of many micronutrients.17 Clinical trials on the benefits of micronutrient supplementation have not been conclusive, but adequate intake should be considered an essential component of comprehensive healthcare for older adults. References 1. Ames BN. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:17589–94 2. Nieves JW. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81:1232s-9s 3. Stockton KA, et al. Osteoporos Int. 2011;22:859–71 4. Shahar D, et al. Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54:59–66 5. Barnes JL, et al. Nutr Rev. 2014;72:707–19 6. Cabrera AJ. Pathobiol Aging Age Relat Dis. 2015;5:25592 7. Rucklidge JJ, Blampied NM. NZ J Psychol. 2011;40:51–7 8. de Paula TP, et al. Sci Rep. 2017;7:40751 9. Weikel KA, et al. Nutr Rev. 2014;72:30–47 10. Evans JR, Lawrenson JG. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;7:CD000254 11. Robinson SM, et al. Clin Nutr. 2018;37:1121–32 12. Bracha HS, et al. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2004;12:544–5 13. Puertollano MA, et al. Curr Top Med Chem. 2011;11:1752–66 14. Prietl B, et al. Nutrients. 2013;5:2502–21 15. Parker RS. In: Stipanuk MH, Caudill MA, eds. Biochemical, Physiological, and Molecular Aspects of Human Nutrition. 3rd ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013:670–82 16. Maijo M, et al. Mech Ageing Dev. 2014;136–137:116–28 17. Bugel S, Frei B. Care Weekly. 2019;3:1–12


Abstract We draw attention to the rarity of non-human bog bodies, reviewing the small number from Britain and Ireland of which we are aware. We use this absence to argue that there is more to becoming a bog body than merely dying on a bog (or falling into a bog pool). Given the potential importance of non-human bog bodies to the interpretation of the human remains we stress the importance of the publication of any examples.


Human blood cells were activated, a histology structure of the bone marrow of aplastic anemia patients by providing to the patient and (or) Experimental protocol for recovering blood counts to normal levels. This experimental protocol comprises culturing the blood cells in conditions cytokine (cytokine) and ionophore (ionophore) is present. You want to leave one highlighted are those that were submitted in accordance with this summary is a rule. According to this rule, a summary of the disclosed technology, a searcher or other user must be able to understand the subject matter of the immediately applicable technology read the summary. You can also understand the scope or meaning of the claims 37 CFR .sctn. 1.72 (b) using the summary, should not or limit.


The increase in energy demand, due to rapid industrial development and growing human population, along with, the global energy consumption has been accelerating at alarming rate. At current consumption rate, global energy exhaustion will become in evitable. To prevent disaster caused by energy exhaustion, the need for renewable energy sources has attracted tremendous attention around the world. In order to make the effective use of renewable energy, it is important to develop high-performance, low cost, and environmentalfriendly energy conversion and storage systems. Super capacitors are the systems required for promising electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Super capacitor has been recognized as a very promising new energy storage device due to its high power density and long cycle life. Carbon materials, metal hydroxides and conductive polymers are three more commonly utilized electrode materials for supercapacitors. The combination of the cycling stability of graphene and high capacity of metal hydroxide provides the graphene/metal hydroxide composite superiors performance. Consequently, significant research interest has been directed into the research of the graphene/metal hydroxide composite. Graphene has a good base material for energy conversion and storage applications, good electrical conductivity and high surface area. Graphene could provide conductive pathway in graphene/metal hydroxide composites. The interaction between graphene and metal hydroxide is prone to improve supercapacitor performance. Metal oxides/Metal hydroxide palys as not only spacer to expand the surface area of graphene but also its redox reaction to add more capacitance. The expanded surface of graphene makes ions easy to diffuse and provides conductive channel for efficient electron transfer by reducing the resistance. The proposed Graphene/Metal hydroxides will enhance the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors which would be a next-generation low cost, high-performance energy storage device. Keywords-Metal hydroxide, Graphene, conducting polymer, supercapacitor


Introduction COVID-19 shows similar clinical and radiological findings
with other viral pneumonias. This study designed to explore the
likelihood of the existence of COVID-19 pneumonia in our country before
March 11th, date of first official COVID-19 case detected in Turkey, by
using a diagnostic model designed with radiologic and laboratory
findings. Materials and Methods 273 patients were aggrouped according to
hospitalization date, naso-oropharyngeal swab PCR results. Thoracic
tomographies, C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte,
eosinophil, platelet values of all patients were evaluated. Results
Laboratory findings of lymphocyte, eosinophil counts (p<0.05)
were significantly low; radiologic findings of round opacity,
cobblestone, nodüle, subpleural line were significant in COVID-19 group
(p<0.05). 'Round opacity', 'subpleural line', 'nodule',
'lymphocyte' variables were found to be statistically significant for
final model (p<0.05). COVID-19 diagnosis possibility;
increases 302.9% by 'round opacity', 355.6% by 'subpleural lines'; and
decreases 59.1% by 'nodule' presence, 31.7% by one unit increase in
lymphocyte level. Based on final model; 49.3% of the participants
before 11 March 2020 were predicted to be positive for COVID-19.
Conclusion According to these findings, we can say that COVID-19
patients existed before March 11th, 2020 in Turkey, for the first time.
Also subpleural lines, presence of cobblestone, round opacity
appearances and absence of nodules on tomography, and the presence of
lymphopenia and eosinopenia in the cell count can also be used to
support the diagnosis of COVID pneumonia.


In this paper, a new configuration for high performance three-phase AC-AC boost regulator is presented. The proposed circuit has a high efficiency for adjusting AC power; because it has a fewer number of switches, and for this new configuration, a new control methodology is proposed to provide regulated AC output voltage. This new boost regulator provides, nearly unity input power factor, line current harmonics to be readily and economically filtered out. Also, harmonics of input current, load voltage and load current are almost negligible. The proposed method is implemented using a zero-crossing processing, which allows a greater accuracy than other methods. The developed modeling is experimentally verified, Measured, simulated and predicted waveforms using the proposed model are shown to be very close and the model is proved to be efficient and accurate.


installation, "Aurora Borealis". User can select a light color by performing a certain gesture with the control device and control its intensity by tilting the device. The selection of color is presented to the user with audiovisual indication.


Forecasting is a challenging task as time series data exhibit many features that cannot be captured by a single model. Therefore, many researchers have proposed various hybrid models in order to accommodate these features to improve forecasting results. This work proposed a hybrid method between Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Theta methods by considering better forecasting potentiality. Both EMD and Theta are efficient methods in their own ground of tasks for decomposition and forecasting, respectively. Combining them to obtain a better synergic outcome deserves consideration. EMD decomposed the training data from each of the five Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index (FTSE 100 Index) companies' stock price time series data into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMF) and residue. Then, the Theta method forecasted each decomposed subseries. Considering different forecast horizons, the effectiveness of this hybridisation was evaluated through values of conventional error measures found for test data and forecast data, which were obtained by adding forecast results for all component counterparts extracted from the EMD process. This study found that the proposed method produced better forecast accuracy than the other three classic methods and the hybrid EMD-ARIMA models.


During seed development, many plants synthesize, secrete and extrude large quantities of pectic polysaccharides in the form of mucilage from the epidermal cells of the seed coat. These cells also undergo unique morphological changes throughout their development which have been well described. Phenotypic, genetic and molecular characterization of the patchy {pty-1) mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana was undertaken to further determine the genetic factors controlling the development and morphology of this cell type and its production of mucilage. The pty-1 mutation was found to be the result of a T-DNA insertion event and was mapped to distal locus on chromosome 5. Analysis of double mutant created between pty-1 and mum1 (another known seed coat mutant in Arabidopsis) indicates that pty-1 and mum1 interact synergistically with respect to the extrusion of mucilage, and their mutant phenotypes may be due to the altered chemical composition of pectins. Phenotypic characterization of pty-1 ,a second stronger pty-2 allele, and the pty-1/pty-2 heteroallelic mutant was performed using both light and scanning electron microscopy. These studies suggested that rather than merely affecting pectin composition, mutations at the PTY locus may control the general morphogenesis of this cell type.


In this paper, we will present a new temperature compensating scheme dedicated to building CMOS Logarithmic Amplifier, which is suitable to low power applications. We propose a master-slave configuration to interrelate the PTAT (proportional to absolute temperature) coefficient of the Logarithmic Amplifier with the PTAT current, which can be obtained from the Band-gap Voltage Reference. With this method, a Low-Temperature-Coefficient Logarithmic Amplifier is obtained without any external components. This approach has been verified via Cadence simulation in TSMC 0.13μm CMOS process. A RSSI with such a logarithmic amplifier consumes only 145μW under the supply of 1.2V. This method and the complete circuit are presented in detail with the associated results.


Coupled Analysis of the Motion and Mooring Loads of A Spar "CONSTITUTION". (August 2012) Chengxi Li, B.E., Tianjin University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Jun Zhang A truss spar, named as 'Constitution' was installed in Gulf of Mexico located at 90°58' 4.8" West Longitude and 27°17'31.9" North Latitude. Since its installation in October 2006, it has weathered multiple hurricanes. After the installation, British Maritime Technology (BMT) installed an Environmental Platform Response Monitoring System (EPRMS). The EPRMS is an integrated system collecting myriad of data that include the significant wave height and peak period of waves, the magnitude and direction of current and wind in the vicinity of the truss spar, its six-degree of freedom (6-D) motions, and tensions in its mooring lines and Top-Tension Risers. With the permission from Anadarko Petroleum Corporation (APC), these data are available to the Ocean Engineering Program at Texas A&M University (TAMU). In this study, the coupled dynamic analysis of the spar interacting with the mooring and riser systems will be performed using a numerical code, named as 'COUPLE'. 'COUPLE' was developed and is continuously expanded and improved by his former and current graduate students and Professor Jun Zhang at TAMU for the computation of the


The verification of an appropriate DC behavior is essential before analyzing other aspects of the operation of a circuit. This paper analyses the case of MOBILE inverters and determines the relations that circuit representative parameters (such as the relation of the ratio of gate width to the gate length of the HFET, and the area factors in the RTDs) must verify to obtain a MOBILE inverter which operates correctly. The difficulty of an analytical study has been overcome by resorting to series expansions for both the RTD and the HFET I-V characteristics in the points of interest, so obtaining simplified descriptions for describing these behaviors.


With an aim to retard the progress of the corrosion of gas pipes and prolong their using time,the main component of blocking object is scientifically analyzed.The main reason of forming blocking object is many impurities in the conveying gas.Some protecting measures to decrease the forming of blocking object are offered.


This paper has tried to analyze the characteristics of space in Korean traditional architecture by deconstructive concept through connecting Lao-tzu's theory, the main discourse of East and West, with Derrida's deconstructionism theory. Derrida's philosophical term of differance(differance) is similar to Tao of Lao-tzu. It is because Derrida emphasized the relationships with others by trying the strategy of overcoming dichotomous thinking by this term. Tao of Lao-tzu also has the relative characteristics that cannot be concluded by one sole meaning. Like this, Derrida and Lao-tzu are against traditional and dichotomous way of thinking. In this point of view, this study has set Derrida's deconstruction theory and Lao-tzu's thinking as the common viewpoint of this world. And through the phrase of Tao Te Ching which means deconstructive Tao, deconstructive space design vocabulary was derived as mixed no-boundary, shape of no-shape, transcendence of time and space. The deconstructive characteristics of traditional space by case study analysis of Lao-tzu's deconstructive space design are as follows: First, it is not a specific or detailed shape but an unlimited possibility that can be transformed into something else, moving and changing endlessly and has a borderless beauty. Second, it is nothing itself but creates various shapes, as if it exists without shape. Third, it is a relative and unlimited space and pursuits a free form as a non-conceptional shape without any system or value.


The question of management of high educational establishment with application of programmatic-objective approach exposed in this article. Using of programmatic-objective management establishment during introduction creditmodule system of organization of educational process shaved in this article. The programs, which are using for achievement of purpose at different levels of their development and realization in particular, in general university, faculty (institute), group (department) and personality, that enabled considerably to optimize professional preparation of future teachers of physical culture.


Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by structural lung changes which may affect ventilation distribution. Volumetric capnography (VC) has been used in adults to provide information on ventilation homogeneity and ventilation-over-perfusion status. The aim of this study was to assess the value of VC in assessing ventilation homogeneity in infants with BPD. Methods: Lung function (tidal breathing - multiple breath washout) parameters from 132 healthy infants (94 term, 38 preterm) and 66 infants with moderate or severe BPD were compared. Expiratory capnograms were obtained by mainstream capnography over 100 tidal breaths. The slopes of phases II (SII) and III (SIII) were calculated by linear regression on emprirically chosen intervals as follows: For SII between 5 and 60% of the end-expiratory CO2 fraction and for SIII between 40, 50, or 60 and 95% of the expiratory volume. The correlation between these indices and lung clearence index (LCI) was also assessed. Results: Both SIII and SII were steeper in BPD infants. The SIII40-95% was associated with the higher between-groups difference (Healthy 65 [49-80], BPD 108 [69-171]; P Conclusions: VC might be used as a simpler and faster alternative to the inert gas washout techniques for assessing ventilation inhomogeneity in infants with BPD.


The catch-words of Russian politicians that Russia will be plunged into a severe economic depression if GDP is not being doubled at any price are the truth just in part in the judgment of the author. Firstly, the social problems of indigence and problems of pollution of the environment should be settled rapidly as having the top priority. Secondly, the lack of financial assets causes to look for reserves and irrationally used economic and financial resources which should be put into avail circulation. This act should be stimulated at each level of economic management and at the state lawmaking level more particularly. Thirdly, nature-conservative measures can be realized in form of immunity from taxation or giving tax remissions for those firms which put their profits in environmental engineering. It is necessary to insert amendments into Internal Revenue Code.


Objective:To study curative effect of self-locked elbow prosthesis on elbow tumor,severe osteoarthritis and smashed elbow wound.Method: Fifteen elbows infected with tumor,severe osteoarthritis and smashed elbow wound within 1995~2004 received total arthroplasty.Self-locked elbow prosthesis were installed into humerus and ulna by fixing with cement,and humeral prosthesis were fixed together with interlock screw.No-pain exercises were started under physicians direction within 1,2,3 weeks and normal activities were resumed in the 3 rd month.Result: The 15 elbows received a follow-up for a mean of 66 months ( range 65~122 months).All patients were satisfied and no pain was found in 15 elbows.There was on radiological sign of loosening in the implanted prosthesis.The Mayo Elbow Performance Score(MEPS) improved from an average of 40 (range 25~70) to an average of 95 (range 65~100) (P0.01).The arc of flexion improved from an average of 85 degrees (range 0~120 degrees) to 105 degrees (range 95~125 degrees) (P0.05).Bone formation was observed in prosthesis on humerus side.Conclusion: The design of self-locked elbow prosthesis is suitable to elbow replacement biomechanically and it has strong resistance to rotation and shearing force.It can be used in clinical treatment satisfyingly.


The structure of device for cleaning of the column of the pump and compressor pipes of the oil wells equipped with centrifugal electric pumps from wax and tar is represented. The drawings of this device which include two extensible scrapers and weighting elements is developed.


Abstract A series of novel 1,2,3,4,6-pentasubstituted-4-hydroxy-cyclohexanes (3a–u) were synthesized from the reaction of aromatic ketones with aromatic aldehydes under mild reaction conditions in good yields. The stereochemistry of the synthesized compounds was established using 1D and 2D-NMR spectra. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


Provided is a bleeding-stop device, comprising a flexible belt body, a bleeding-stop machine having a finger pressure member, and a pad body. A longitudinal center part of the bleeding-stop machine is provided with a sleeve part, and a pressing part of the flexible belt body is disposed on the sleeve part. The bleeding-stop machine can move freely around the pressing part, and the pad body is disposed at one end of a flexible belt body connection part. The flexible belt body winds around skin of the wounded and is positioned at an appropriate position through a connection part. A user adjusts the position of the bleeding-stop machine to the wound by observing the pressing part of the flexible belt body. The bleeding-stop machine is pressurized, and thereby the finger pressure member presses against the wound, stopping the bleeding. With the support of the pad body, the wounded can have quite a good sense of comfort.


------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT---------------------------------------------------A Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) based wireless sensor network (WSN) is developed for nondestructive monitoring of pipeline systems. It incorporates MEMS accelerometers for measuring flowinduced vibration on the surface of a pipe to determine the change in water pressure caused by rupture and the damage location. This work presents an experimental investigation of the relationship between flow-induced vibration and the pressure fluctuations. Measurements of vibration were performed in pipe sections of a waterfilled loop subjected to a wide range of flow rates. Experimental observations show that a sharp change in pressure is always accompanied by a sharp change of pipe surface acceleration at the corresponding locations along the pipe length. Statistical analysis of the measurement showed that there is a non-linear but proportional relationship between the water flow rate and flow induced vibration. Therefore, water pressure-monitoring can be transformed into acceleration-monitoring of the pipe surface. The latter is a significantly more economical alternative due to the use of less expensive sensors such as MEMS or other acceleration sensors.


Copper-promoted N-arylation of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones with boronic acid at room temperature in the presence of air has been investigated. This method is general and can be applied to synthesizing derivatives of quinazolin-4(3H)-one with medicinal values.


This study analyzes the transition dynamics of the R&D‐based growth model with public education, based on [Prettner, K. (2014). The non‐monotonous impact of population growth on economic prosperity. Economics Letters, 124, 93–95]. We show that the equilibrium path can be monotonous or oscillatory, but may not converge depending on the value of parameters. Thus, we determine and indicate the sufficient condition for long‐run oscillation to emerge. In addition, we find that the technological progress rate speeds up during the long‐run balanced growth path when income tax rates for public education rise. This result is consistent with empirical analysis.


The objective was to assess the performance of 96 pregnant cows  of the genetic groups (GG) Charolais (C), Nellore (N), ½ CN and ½ NC, subjected to the following treatments: kept exclusively in natural pastures (NP) throughout the experimental period; kept in cultivated pastures (CP) from July 15 to Setp 15 (CPNP) or from Sept 15 to Nov 15 (NPCP) and the remainder of the experimental period in NP. The weight at the end of the first grazing period (Sept 15) was higher for the CPNP cows than those of the NPCP and NP. The weight at the end of the second period (Nov 15) was 456, 428 and 392 kg respectively for NPCP, CPNP and NP.  At calving, the heaviest cows were the CPNP, followed by the NPCP and the NP. At weaning, 90 days postpartum, the heaviest were the NPCP, followed by the CPNP and NP. Nelore cows were less heavy in all evaluations, followed by C, with the F1s' weight higher than the purebreds. The grazing sequences did not affect the percentages of the cows in estrus and pregnancy, but did influence the invervals between calving and first estrus postpartum (ICE). The GG influenced the rate of cows in estrus, pregnant and the ICE which was lower in the F1 (103 days), followed by the C (109 days) and had the largest interval N (119 days). The grazing sequences affect the average daily weight gain (ADG) of calves until weaning at 90 days of age. The GG of the calf affected the ADG at to 210 days.


Education is an inherently social activity. People like to exchange thoughts and learn from each other: this is why we are interested in discussions. But discussions can be messy and vague. In order to make discussions meaningful, relevant mediations may need to be made, whenever discussions lose clarity. Discussion forum data is in the form of a sequence of questions, answers, and comments on the answers. Taken together, this data is called an affirmation. Knowing the clarity of an affirmation makes it possible to intervene in a discussion to steer it towards agreement or conclusion. We have built a model of clarity for a branch of an affirmation which is considered based on scores of agreements, disagreements, and partial answers. We used three classifier models in our experimentation, but the random forest classifier model gave an F1 score of 0.7315, which was better than the other two classifier models. For our model, the ratio of strong agreement to partial agreement was 1.44 for training data and 1.37 for testing data, which is quite close. In the future, we are planning to enhance our model at the sentence level to capture more details and find an aggregate score of clarity for an affirmation.


Since 1997, the Government of Bandung area has already installed the ATCS (Area Traffic Control System) to control the vehicle movements in the intersections. Traffic counts at signalized intersection were detect via wire detector and automatically connected to the Traffic Control Centre (TCC) of ATCS, the TCC will automatically arrange, cycle times, green lights, ambers, red lights for every intersection which are connected to the ATCS. Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM) 1997 is applied as a tool in planning, design and operational analysis of road traffic facilities, can predict the performance of traffic light for a given set traffic, geometric, and environmental conditions. The objective of the research is to evaluate the performance of many intersections using the 1997 IHCM. The phases, cycle times, green times, amber and red lights for several intersections will be compared to those obtained by ATCS. The performance of many intersections will be expected to perform better, so the traffic jam such as delay and queuing could be reduced.


C-peptide, as a marker for pancreatic beta cells function, and somatostatin (SS) in plasma of obese males (n = 15) and a corresponding normal-weight control subjects (n = 10) are studied in this work. Fasting plasma SS and serum C-peptide are significantly higher in obese vs lean group, this can be explained by hypertrophy of both D- and B-cells of the pancreatic islets reported by other investigators. Post-prandial plasma SS in insignificantly increased in obese vs the control group wheres the increase in C-peptide levels is significant suggesting unequal response of B- and D-cells to meal in the obese group. We concluded that circulating SS may play important role in development of obesity. Hyperinsulinaemia, documented in obesity may be due to hypersecretion of insulin (marked by rise of serum C-peptide in this work), and this may contribute to increased somatomedin-C in obesity.


purely an epiphenomenon of discourse but that unconscious desire is productive in the construction of the subject's experience and that this understanding is critical for political and social criticism. For me, a feminist psychoanalytics promises deep and profound change for the individual and of relations of power/knowledge because it offers a way to understand the complexities of unconscious desire, the way it shapes the female subject and therefore can mystify her experience in the first place. Understanding the itineraries of desire is possible, offering a woman a way to see how her imagining constructs her 'own' experience as such, how to see her imagining already to be inflicted with or subjected in oppressive relations, how to see her possible complicity with oppressive relations, and finally how to see the difference between oppressive relations and the constrictions of desire. Although I understand desire always to be related to political economies, I think of desire as discontinuous from these, not reducible to these. This allows for an analysis of both the inner curve of desire and the engagement of desire in social technologies of reproduction. Smith is right to argue that her standpoint epistemology is also meant to bring knowledge to women that would extend their understanding beyond the immediately known. I always understood her to be taking this position; I simply disagree that this is accomplished by making women's experiences the point d'appui for political criticism, although doing so would limit feminist criticism to a sociological discourse. Indeed, my reading of Smith's writing is meant to suggest that even she does not just begin with women's experiences because what makes women's experiences visible to Smith or to any woman also requires being able to make visible what has been excluded from or disavowed in what Smith describes as "male dominated discourse." What feminists have learned from deconstruction is how to see or read the traces of exclusion, of disavowal, and even to be able to argue that the discourse of hegemonic masculinity is constructed through disavowal. But deconstruction has also taught feminists to read their desire to deconstruct male dominated discourse. Reading the disavowed is not like representing the working of a fish tank or quite like reading a subway map. Reading the disavowed is not only about uncovering excluded experiences. It is also about a self-reflective tracing of the desire to exclude. Indeed, it is a deconstructive gesture that allows Smith to name sociological discourse a male dominated one. Thus, when Smith criticizes me as 'the analyst' for not


The invention relates to a clamping device (32) for tensioning at least two, substantially langeninvarianter belt (18, 24). A first belt (18) about a first axis (A) led around which repetitively executes an actuating movement in the axial direction of the first axis (A) substantially orthogonal direction of adjustment (S). Further, the first belt (18) and a second belt (24) about a common second axis (B) led around with the biasing directions (V¶18¶, V¶24¶) of the first belt (18) and the second belt ( 24) in the region of the second axis (B) include a different from 0 ° and 180 ° angle to each other. According to the invention the second axis (B) is associated with a spring unit (40) which biases it in the sense of the tensioning of the first strap (18) and the second belt (24) and which with an actuating movement of the first axis (A) a compensating movement of the second axis (B) of the through the axial direction of the second axis (B) with the pretensioning directions (V¶18¶, V¶24¶) of the first belt (18) and the second belt (24) clamped in each case before the beginning of the adjusting movement levels out allows.


Since the middle period of the Ming Dynasty there had been, apart from the Emperor, three major powers in Liao-Dong(遼東) area. These were the Taiguan(太監), an organisation of eunuchs, the inspection committee, which impeached the misconduct of the government officials, and an atmy commander, who governed the military administration. They cooperated with each other and manipulated the independent tribes of Mongolia and Nuzhen(女眞) by giving them economic advantages through the horse and timber markets. 'The Taiguan, the high-ranking eunuchs, played an important part in executing the Emperor's special order as the Emperor's right-hand men.
 However, although a few of the eunuchs were praised for their good deeds at the borders of Mongolia and Nuzhen, it was revealed that most of the high-ranking eunuchs in Liao-Dong area practised misconduct. They had formed a network in connection with the organization of Taiguan in Silijian(司禮監) which held the power of the Central governrnent, and became influential in rhe Liao-Dong area. Thus, these eunuchs were inevitably condemned by the officials for abusing their power under the protection of the Emperor.


"The reason I pay close attention to and am very concerned about standards is that fiom my point of view standards are very important resources or even strategic resources.The meteorological work is highly professional and requires standards in every aspect.With disjoint standards,businesses,services and scientific researches cannot be properly done."


This report summarises the results of the fourth and final round of interviews carried out among informal sector women traders in Harare, Zimbabwe as part of a longitudinal study of their condition ...


While South Africa basks in the euphoria of our athletes receiving medals both in the Olympic and Paralympic Games let us contemplate how many medals our National Health Services in general will earn.


Two cottonseed oil extraction plants were surveyed and half their working population examined. Thirty percent of the workers exposed to "cotton dust," composed mainly of plant debris, complained of either breathlessness or chest tightness or both, while those exposed to "cottonseed dust," composed mainly of seed fragments and other parts of the seed, had no complaints. Data presented in this study support the suggestion that "cottonseed dust" is physiologically inert. Further studies are considered necessary.


The Medical Research Council Cyclotron Unit (MRC CU) situated at Hammersmith Hospital, London, is widely recognised for its pioneering developments in radiochemistry. The MRC CU became one of the largest and most comprehensive PET centres in the world. More recently, under the umbrella of a public/private partnership between the MRC and Amersham Health (now part of GE Healthcare) this centre has continued to advance PET research.

This article reviews the 50-year history of radiochemistry development and application for medical research at Hammersmith. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


For medical devices, in particular describes polymers for drug eluting stents. The polymer may be derived from n- butyl methacrylate, and may have from about 20% to about 500% of the elongation at break. .BACKGROUND


Bilateral patellar tendon rupture is a rare injury, usually associated with systemic disease or chronic medication side effect. Early diagnosis and prompt surgical repair are essential to achieve good functional outcomes. The authors report a case of a 44-year-old male with history of multiple urinary tract infection treated with fluoroquinolones who sustained spontaneous simultaneous bilateral patellar tendon rupture. Patient underwent bilateral transosseus tendon repair with autologous semitendinosus augmentation. Nine months after surgery, the patient was able to walk without pain and unassisted, had a normal range of motion in both knees and performed his daily activities without limitation. Surgical treatment of patellar tendon rupture is recommended to allow prevention of extensor mechanism disfunction sequelae. Transosseus tendon repair with autologous semitendinosus augment plasty is a valid surgical technique for treatment of this pathology with biomechanical and literature support.


The Purpose of the research is to determine the effect of fairness compensation on organizational commitment. Fairness of compensation is indicated by salary, incentives, bonuses, benefits, insurance and pension guarantees. This research is a causal associative research using a quantitative approach. The sample of this study was nurses in one hospital at  Semarang City. Data collection using questionnaires and interviews, the sampling technique is purposive sampling obtained 81 samples. Data analysis using multiple linear regression. The research indicate that: 1) Salary has no significant effect on organizational commitment, 2). Incentives have a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. 3). bonuses have a positive and significant impact on organizational commitment. 4). Allowances have a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. 5). Insurance has no significant effect on organizational commitment. 6). Pension insurance has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment.


According to the study on the freshwater algal fossils, such as Pediastrum, Zygnema and Concentricystes, discovered in the Late Pleistocene sediments in the continental shelf of the Huanghai Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea, this paper inferred the changes of sea level, shoreline and continental shelf. The changes of water area of lake in the geological epoch —were also discussed in this paper. The study, which is on the freshwater algal fossilsPediastrum, Zygnema,Concentricystesetc.— found in marine sediments, is very important for paleoenvironmental research.


1 The effects of prolonged cold storage on the mechanical and membranal responses to stimulation of α‐ and β‐adrenoceptors by phenylephrine and isoprenaline, respectively, were studied on the guinea‐pig taenia caecum. 2 Cold storage invariably caused a decrease in the resting membrane potential, and this effect was enhanced as the duration of treatment was prolonged. 3 After cold storage (18 days) the tissue potassium ion content (89·7 ± 1·7 mmol/kg wet wt.) was decreased to 30·5 ± 1·9 mmol/kg wet wt. whereas that for sodium (69·2 ± 1·4 mmol/kg wet wt.) increased to 134·0 ± 2·3 mmol/kg wet wt. 4 In the fresh preparations, phenylephrine (1 and 2 μm) caused a cessation of spontaneous action potentials, accompanied by hyperpolarization of the membrane and relaxation of the muscle. These effects were markedly diminished after 18 days of cold storage. Isoprenaline (1 and 2 μm) also blocked the action potentials and caused a concomitant muscle relaxation, but in most cases the hyperpolarization was not observed. After 14 days of cold storage these mechanical and membranal changes associated with isoprenaline treatment were not demonstrable in most preparations. 5 Nicotine (5 μm and 50 μm) produced a biphasic effect, cessation of the action potential, hyperpolarization and subsequent relaxation followed by a long lasting depolarization, an accelerated discharge of action potentials and an increase in muscle tension. After a few days of cold storage the hyperpolarization effect disappeared but the intensity of the long‐lasting depolarization as well as the contractile effects were increased. After cold storage for more than 7 days, nicotine did not affect mechanical or electrical activity. 6 Dibutyryl 3′5′ cyclic AMP (1 μm to 500 μm) failed to affect the mechanical and electrical activities of taenia caecum. 7 Phenylephrine and isoprenaline had no effect on the high potassium‐depolarized taenia. 8 These observations suggest that the electro‐mechanical effect of an α‐adrenoceptor stimulant on the guinea‐pig taenia caecum is more resistant to cold treatment than that of a β‐adrenoceptor stimulant. This inhibitory system of stimulation of both α‐ and β‐receptors of guinea‐pig taenia caecum may react by different mechanisms. The results also demonstrate that cold storage itself changes the membrane permeability to ions and the tissue ion content (Na+ and K+) of smooth muscle of guinea‐pig taenia caecum.


Tungsten heavy alloys are composite materials containing spherical tungsten particles embedded in binder matrix. Their excellent mechanical properties can be further improved by rotary forging. This paper aims to gain deeper understanding of the forging process by investigating the local elastic modulus, hardness, and residual stress of individual phases in W6Ni3Co pseudo-alloy. The resulting global properties of the composite material such as stress-strain behavior, fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth rate behavior are also studied. The results show that sintered and quenched material consists of highly textured matrix containing nearly perfect single crystal spheres of pure W. The rotary forging leads to significant lattice deformations destroying the texture and significantly increasing the hardness of both WNiCo matrix and W particles and making residual stresses in W particles anisotropic with increased compression along the longitudinal axis of the forged part.


The purpose of this research is to tell how the application of cooperative learning model type Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) aided by audio visual media can improve the student learning result in the subject manage office equipment in grade X Office Administration 2 of State Vocational High School Batik 2 of Surakarta in academic year 2015/2016. Type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subject of research is students in grade X Office Administration 2 of State Vocational High School Batik 2 of Surakarta in academic year 2015/2016, amounting to 40 students. The data used in this action research is qualitative and quantitative data. Data collection techniques were used: (a) observations, (b) interviews, (c) test, and (d) documentation. The validity of the data used in this research are the triangulation of data or sources and the triangulation of metodhology. Analysis qualitative data is using critical analysis technique, while value data analyzed by comparative descriptive quantitative. The study procedures include (1) planning action; (2) the implementation of the action; (3) observation; and (4) reflection. Based on the research results, it can be concluded use of cooperative learning model type Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) aided by audio visual media can improve the student learning result in the subject manage office equipment in grade X Office Administration 2 of State Vocational High School Batik 2 of Surakarta in academic year 2015/2016. This was evident in the first cycle to the second cycle increased student learning result, both in terms of cognitive, affective and psychomotor. Improvement of cognitive during the learning process by 25%, from 62,5% to 87,5% first cycle to the second cycle. In addition, affective also increased by 11,88%, from 74,79% in the first cycle, being 86,67% in II. While the term of psychomotor, learning result also increased by 12,5%, form 73,33% in the first cycle, being 85,83% in the second cycle.


The most important tool in this current generation is the web phenomena (World Wide Web) when we are requesting for a resource at any point of time. We often tend those resources that never relates to our request, not only it is unnecessary but also it creates a sense of confusion among the end-users where they request for something else but they end-up with resource delivered not serving the purpose at all. Since most-often we get access to web, it is important that if proper mechanisms are implemented, so we can come-up with an advanced version web accessing platform whose aim would be to serve the purpose i.e. "serve what is requested". This paper will discuss on some advanced approaches for accessing the web through advanced web-query-system and also to optimize the web-crawling approach with advanced algorithms. Advanced and efficient web searching methods using segment based indexing techniques are depicted in this paper.


Use of gamma radiation for control of stored-product insects has received increased emphasis during the last 5 years. Cornwell et al. (1966) suggested that by sterilizing a resident population, some measure of protection against reinfestation by the same species of insect could be obtained. One of the criteria for success of this technique is that gamma-sterilized males compete favorably with normal males.


The present invention is in a transflective liquid crystal display device, using a simple five of mask processes than the traditional 7-8 every masking process located in the display unit transmission area, the transmission area including a transparent electrode formed on the same layer as the gate electrode and semi-transmission transistor array substrate, characterized in that the reflective electrode having a reflection region is formed on the photosensitive film having irregularities, provides a liquid crystal display device using a method of manufacturing the same, and the transistor substrate. This present invention is a natural formed between the transparent electrode by using two or three sheets of less mask than the conventional process to give a landmark help in the production yield and reduce costs, the reflective electrode in the reflection region formed on a photosensitive film and a transmission region with a step has a favorable effect on the dual cell gap. Semi-transmission transistor array panel, a bottom (bottom) transparent electrode, a dual cell gap, five of the mask


Based on the detailed description of working principle,field working method,indoor chemical processing of sample,data processing and interpretation,and the comparison and analysis of applied examples,it is concluded that the()~(210)Po survey not only is of reliable availability in uranium exploration in the south of China,but also may effectively play important role in the prospecting for sandstone-type uranium deposits in the north of China.


The first robot joint structure ([alpha]) by a palm member (30), and pivotably connected at the upper end portion of a palm member (30) by a hinge (31) the base member section (40). Further, the base member section (40) having a MP joint with a linear guide means (44), the MP joint unit includes a base section can pivot member corresponding to the moving body moves, the rod (32a) and the movable member through a link with a linear guide means (50), whereby the transfer cylinder (32) of the driving force to the section of the base member (40). On the other hand, the second robot joint structure (beta]) is also provided with a linear guide means (48,66,74), the linkage (69,75), the driving force of a cylinder (62) by the rod (32a) linkage transmission shaft (63) passed to them. Using the first and second robot joint structure composed of robot finger. With this configuration, it can be obtained to achieve a smooth joint motion, and can improve the joint structure of the robot and the robot finger gripping force.


The study explained the company's internal use of marketing, the internal impact of marketing and its elements, the internal marketing of the management of change, and its brunt on corporate performance, which has given the perspective that a company's performance can start with potent internal marketing in the company. It was explained that the in-based approach to internal marketing was not just how to communicate the company's strategy and plan to its internal customers but also many things that were part of internal marketing; however, sometimes, companies were not considered internal marketing. In addition, internal marketing also has several crucial elements that make internal marketing become successful in the company. This article's three internal marketing elements are internal market involvement, commitment, and research. Furthermore, internal marketing would affect the management of changes in the company. It was closed with a refinement of the organizational performance resulting from internal marketing


In this paper, two ultrasonic micro mixers are fabricated and tested using a system of parallel competing reactions involving the Dushman reaction between iodide and iodate, coupled with a neutralization. By using the competing reactions, the influence of microstructure and operating conditions on mixing performance is investigated. In addition, a micromixing model is developed to estimate the duration of the competing reactions. Based on the model, it is suggested that the distance between the ultrasound emitter and the inlet of the mixing chamber should be as short as possible to investigate the effect of the ultrasound emission on the mixing phenomena.


Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP) also known as Myositis Ossificans Progressiva is a very rare and disabling genetic condition characterized by congenital malformation of the great toes with hallux valgus and progressive heterotopic ossification in specific anatomic pattern. It is a rare condition with worldwide prevalence of about 1 case in 2 million individuals. No ethnic, racial, sex or geographical predisposition is noted. Myositis Ossificans Progressiva term is misnomer and not used now. The case report herein describes this rare condition in a child of one and half year age having the classical clinical presentation and radiological features. The child is under followup with measures to prevent fast progression of the condition.


This report has been prepared under contract to and fully funded by the Office of Biological Services of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The goals and purpose of this federal office are to review the impact on fish and wildlife resources of land, mineral and water development practices, such as offshore oil and gas exploration, development and production; construction of inshore pipeline canals and refineries; power plant construction/operation and urban development. This report, and five other southern California reports, covering Carpinteria Marsh (Santa Barbara County), Anaheim Bay-Huntington Harbor (Orange County), Mugu Lagoon (Ventura County), the Northern Santa Barbara County Coastal
Wetlands, and the Nipomo Dunes and Wetlands (San Luis Obispo County), are scheduled to be part of the Department's "Coastal Wetland Series" (see inside front cover). (154 pp.)


With the advent of new-generation depth sensors, the use of three-dimensional (3-D) data is becoming increasingly popular. As these sensors are commodity hardware and sold at low cost, a rapidly growing group of people can acquire 3- D data cheaply and in real time.


Abstract A thin foil of pure titanium has been implanted with increasing fluences of B+ ions and the structural changes have been observed continuously via in situ transmission electron microscopy. A textured film of the orthorhombic TiB compound was formed instead of the hexagonal TiB2 phase observed by other authors.


This paper presents the findings of a study into the application process of the professional standards (PS) qualification in Estonia, which is a standard used to identify the level of professionalism of a teacher. The study collected the views of active teachers who have applied for the PS and those of the assessors to understand the shortcomings in the application and the expectations for the application process. The main challenges identified are that teachers lack respective skills to adequately comprehend qualification requirements (unambiguous interpretation of PS) and the lack of evidence-based performance indicators (difficult to prove) and weak self-analysis skills; hence, the teacher needs assistance. The research found that teachers need collaborative support, motivation and constructive feedback on their professional development (PD), both from colleagues and at school and national levels. Based on this research, it can be said that teachers who have gone through the application process have gained greater self-confidence, value themselves as teachers and continue their in-service training.


This work investigates the performances of active hood lift system(AHLS) activated by two different operating methods through the experimental test. In the AHLS, the deployment time of the system and decrement of pedestrian injury are the most important factors for the pedestrian safety during the pedestrian-vehicle impact. After introducing the working principle of AHLS using spring actuator and gunpowder actuator, the deployment time of AHLS and decrement of pedestrian injury are evaluated by the experimental test. It has been identified that the gunpowder actuator can provide a faster deploying time of AHLS.


This paper deals with a specific version of metaethical moral relativism, known as "speaker-relativism". It starts by explaining the position, focussing on the views of two prominent contemporary relativists, Gilbert Harman and James Dreier. Both authors draw an analogy between ethics and modern physics: just as Einstein showed that judgments about time or mass were always relative to a specific frame of reference, Dreier and Harman argue that "absolutist" judgments about moral rightness or wrongness need to be reinterpreted as relative to some particular moral system. They also claim that this analogy allows us to salvage ordinary moral talk. I consider a number of possible objections to their argument, beginning with one, concerning the possibility of moral disagreement, which I think can be successfully answered, and then presenting two criticisms that I take to be more problematic for the relativist. I argue that despite its initial appeal, Harman and Dreier's suggestion regarding our use of moral language seems to be a source of confusion in certain cases of moral disagreement, and does not appear able to preserve specifically moral normativity – which leads me to conclude that it is best viewed as a variant of an error theory about morality, rather than as the distinct metaethical position it purports to be.


The nonlinear optical properties of quantum dots under multidimensional confinement potential are investigated. In the framework of the effective mass approximation, the analytical formula of the optical absorption coefficient in the quantum dots is derived using the density matrix method and the iterative procedure, and the numerical results of typical Al0.3Ga0.7 As/GaAs material are calculated. Through calculation and numerical fitting, it is found that increasing temperature and the depth of limiting potential will give rise to the absorption peak to move to the high‐energy region commonly referred to as the blueshift, within a certain range of parameter variations. While reducing the range of limiting potential, quantum dot radius and the hydrostatic pressure can achieve the same effect. It is important to emphasize that variations in hydrostatic pressure and the depth of the limiting potential result in significant changes to the peak value of the optical absorption coefficient. The research results have a certain guiding significance for further study of the optical properties of quantum dots under multidimensional confinement potential and their application in practical production.


A slicing device of a fish slicing machine comprises blades mounted at front ends of conveying belts, wherein shafts are arranged in backs of the blades and connected with supporting frames, a handle is arranged at one end of each shaft and can control the direction of the edge of each blade, thicknesses of cut fish slices are controlled through control on the directions of the edges, bulging vertical lines are arranged on outer walls on upper sides of the blades, conveying belts are not arranged at the outer walls for conveyance, the fish slices can move forwards by the aid of the push force exerted by back fish slices on front fish slices, and the bulging vertical lines play a role in reducing friction surfaces to reduce the friction force. With the adoption of the slicing device, problems that manual slicing thicknesses are inconsistent, the labor intensity of manual slicing is high, the production efficiency is low, cutting is not in place and waste is caused due to the fact that a manual fish slicing method is adopted at presentare solved; besides, the slicing device is simple and practical in structure and high in market promotion value.


Background—The exact role of adrenoceptors in norepinephrine (NE)-mediated regulation of the human coronary circulation has yet to be elucidated. Thus, the goals of this study were to characterize the adrenoceptors involved in the responses to NE in isolated human coronary arterioles and small arteries. Methods and Results—Arterioles (n=39) and small arteries from the left ventricle of explanted human hearts were isolated and cannulated. Vessels from the hearts of 21 patients were studied: 15 males and 6 females, aged 0.5 to 63 years. Nineteen patients were considered to be New York Heart Association class 4. All hearts exhibited hypertrophy (190±20%). The passive diameter of arterioles was 167±8 &mgr;m (range 97 to 323 &mgr;m). NE (10−7 to 3×10− 7 mol/L) elicited concentration-dependent dilations (47±4 &mgr;m) that were unaffected by endothelium removal, N&ohgr;-nitro-l-arginine (10− 4 mol/L, an NO synthase inhibitor), or practolol (10−6 mol/L, a &bgr; 1-receptor blocker). However, administration of propranolol (10−5 mol/L, a combined &bgr; 1- and &bgr;2-blocker) or butoxamine (10−6 mol/L, a &bgr; 2-receptor blocker) completely eliminated the NE-induced dilation. Constrictions to NE (2 of 39 vessels) were inhibited by prazosin (10−6 mol/L, an &agr; 1-receptor blocker). Methoxamine (10− 9 to 10−5 mol/L, an &agr; 1-agonist) had no effect, whereas U44619, a thromboxane mimetic, elicited dose-dependent constriction of vessels. Conclusions—Our data indicate that isolated human coronary arterioles and small arteries dilate to NE via &bgr;2-receptors on smooth muscle. These findings are important to our understanding of the mechanisms action of NE in the human coronary circulation.


Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to propose an efficient and accurate force/torque (F/T) sensing method for the robotic wrist-mounted six-dimensional F/T sensor based on an excitation trajectory.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents an efficient and accurate F/T sensing method based on an excitation trajectory. First, the dynamic identification model is established by comprehensively considering inertial forces/torques, sensor zero-drift values, robot base inclination errors and forces/torques caused by load gravity. Therefore, the sensing accuracy is improved. Then, the excitation trajectory with optimized poses is used for robot following and data acquisition. The data acquisition is not limited by poses and its time can be significantly shortened. Finally, the least squares method is used to identify parameters and sense contact forces/torques.

Findings
Experiments have been carried out on the self-developed robot manipulator. The results strongly demonstrate that the proposed approach is more efficient and accurate than the existing widely-adopted method. Furthermore, the data acquisition time can be shortened from more than 60 s to 3 s/20 s. Thus, the proposed approach is effective and suitable for fast-paced industrial applications.

Originality/value
The main contributions of this paper are as follows: the dynamic identification model is established by comprehensively considering inertial forces/torques, sensor zero-drift values, robot base inclination errors and forces/torques caused by load gravity; and the excitation trajectory with optimized poses is used for robot following and data acquisition.


This work shows a first description of the subsistence strategies carried out by the Neanderthal communities that inhabited the Horadada Gorge (Mave, Palence). Through the analysis of the faunal collections retrieved from the Mousterian archaeological horizon unearthed at Corazon Cave, dated at 96 Ka, a first characterization of the models used by the Neanderthals to obtain meat resources in this site is presented. Corazon Cave represents a strategic corridor connecting the Spanish Northern Plateau with the Cantabrian Range and the set of subsistence strategies described here can shed light on the importance of this locale in its regional framework. The methodological framework used to undertake this study includes zooarchaeological and taphonomic bone analyses, and mortality patterns. Our results suggest an anthropogenic accumulation of horses, deer, goats and other herbivores. Cut mark and fracture patterns on the bone assemblage support this. Cut marks have been identified in almost all anatomical sections, indicating a variety of activities related to skinning, disarticulation and fleshing. Apart from meat consumption, percussion marks and breakage patterns suggest access to marrow. Carnivores were present in the site as secondary scavenger agents, accessing to those remains left behind when Neanderthals abandoned the cave.


Because of the power system load forecasting in the constant weight combination forecast method when there is a single method mutation of prediction results, affect the prediction precision. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved combination forecast method, the least squares algorithm, Kalman filter algorithm, chaos Kalman filtering algorithm further combination, taking the variable weights method to modification the model, for electric power system short-term load forecasting. Through the simulation analysis to comparing improved the combination forecast method with single prediction methods, and the constant weight combination forecast method (variance-covariance method, the optimal weighted method). the result shows that combined forecasting method is better than single prediction methods, and the prediction precision of improved combination forecast method is higher, the forecast effect is more ideal.


Background  Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) exhibit an impaired exercised tolerance that dramatically limits their functional capacity and alters their quality of life.


We propose a new graphical format for instant-runoff voting election results. We call this proposal an "accumulation chart." This model, a modification of standard bar charts, is easy to understand, clearly indicates the winner, depicts the instant-runoff algorithm, and summarizes the votes cast. Moreover, it includes the pedigree of each accumulated vote and gives a clear depiction of candidates' coalitions.


No ataxy of the arms. Speech unaffected. The difficulty in walking was first noticed four years before, after an attack of scarlet fever. The patient was the eldest of the family living, -none of her brothers and sisters were similarly affected. The other patient was a man, aged 26, with ataxic gait, nodding of the head, twitching of the mouth, and distinct affection of the speech. A sister was said to be similarly affected. Superficial and deep reflexes were exaggerated. Both feet were high-arched, with a claw-like condition of the toes, and prominent extensor tendons. There was no pain, nor any sen.sory disorder. No evidence of syphilis. He first noticed that he staggered in the dark four years before, and had gradually become more and more unsteady. For the last three years he had found it an effort to talk. A shoemaker by trade, he had had difficulty in aiming with his hammer for two years. -The PRESIDENT and Dr. PORTER made remarks. Disposal of the Dead.-Mr. R. J. PYE-SMITH read a paper in which he contended that the altered conditions of modern town life, as well as the dangers of our present system of burial, required a reconsideration of the question of the disposal of the dead. The encasing of the body in a wooden coffin and burying it deep in the earth, or in a vault, was the worst possible compromise between the antagonistic aims of preserving a body as long as possible and of hastening its disintegration. He maintained that the substitution of a perishable coffin of papier machM, or of paper covering a light iron tray and frame, would prevent the pollution of air and water; and that burial at a depth of nine feet in cases of in-fectious disease would be an effective check to their danger. On this point he referred to the observations of Darwin and Pasteur, showing that earthworms, by the medium of which such diseases might be transmitted, never burrowed deeper than 8 feet from the surface; also quoting Fligge to prove that few pathogenic bacteria could grow in the cold earth, and that both soil and air were inimical to the formation of ptomaines. He further referred to Dr. Poore's experiments ,on the filtration of urine, as indicating the small risk to the watercourses from earth-to-earth burial. Mr. Pye-Smith advocated shallow graves, the systematic planting of trees, shrubs, and flowers, and no reinterment in the same spot within at least twenty-five years. Finally, as an argument in favour of rational interment rather than cremation, he urged that Nature needed the products of animal decay for the growth of the vegetable kingdom, on which we in turn depended for our sustenance and wealth.-The PRESIDENT, Dr. MARTIN, Mr. GARRARD, Dr. MATHEWS, Mr. C. ATKIN, Mr. JAMES, Dr. BURGESS, Dr. CLEAVER, and Dr. J. STOKES joined in the discussion.


Field experiments were conducted to study the restoration of fertility and development of soil formation in various industrially disturbed soils in a gravel quarry being reclaimed by planting different mixtures of perennial grasses.


Provides both scientific and practical insights into the creation of strategic important intellectual capital. Decontextualizes outcomes from the field of strategy process research in order to apply the findings to, and develop them for, the creation of strategic intellectual capital. By playing this changed Sprachspiel after Wittgenstein, leads to a multilevel model of the creation of strategic intellectual capital. Concludes with propositions in the form of hypotheses as managerial implications and suggestions for further empirical research.


The traditional fermentation technology of rice wine including uncooked wheat starter,cooked wheat starter and mixed uncooked and cooked wheat starter were investigated in this paper.The saccharifying power,liquefying power and proteolytic power of uncooked wheat starter were the lowest,which leads to low initial fermentation speed,slow and insufficiency fermentation.In comparison,the three parameters of cooked wheat starter were the highest.The three parameters of mixed uncooked and cooked wheat starter were medium compared with those of cooked wheat starter and uncooked wheat starter.The optimal ratio of uncooked and cooked wheat koji was 9∶1.These results could provide a good reference for traditional process of rice wine.