A preterm birth is a live birth that occurs before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. Approximately 15 million babies are born preterm annually worldwide, indicating a global preterm birth rate of about 11%. Up to 50% of premature neonates in the gestational age (GA) group of <29 weeks' gestation will develop acute kidney injury (AKI) in the neonatal period; this is associated with high mortality and morbidity. There are currently no proven treatments for established AKI, and no effective predictive tool exists. We propose that the development of advanced artificial intelligence algorithms with neural networks can assist clinicians in accurately predicting AKI. Clinicians can use pathology investigations in combination with the non-invasive monitoring of renal tissue oxygenation (rSO2) and renal fractional tissue oxygenation extraction (rFTOE) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and the renal resistive index (RRI) to develop an effective prediction algorithm. This algorithm would potentially create a therapeutic window during which the treating clinicians can identify modifiable risk factors and implement the necessary steps to prevent the onset and reduce the duration of AKI.


Chemically ordered L10 FeNi phase observed in Fe-based meteorite has the potential to replace high-cost rare-earth-based permanent magnets in the future. However, artificial production of this phase is extremely difficult due to negligible atomic diffusion around order–disorder transition temperature (~320 °C). Here, we report a method for producing high-quality L10 FeNi phase and its magnetic properties. We show that a highly disordered metastable state, that is, amorphous can be utilized to produce a highly ordered state, which is not possible with the conventional processing techniques. Amorphous Fe42Ni41.3Si<italic>x</italic>B12−<italic>x</italic>P4Cu0.7 (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x=0$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to 8 at.%) alloy ribbons were studied. Crystallization of amorphous ribbons at 400 °C results in adequate atomic diffusion at low temperatures to precipitate L10 FeNi grains. Structural characterization revealed a high degree of chemical ordering (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S \ge 0.8$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), but the volume fraction of precipitated L10 grains is low. The crystallized ribbons of FeSiBPCu are composed of two magnetic phases (hard magnetic L10 FeNi grains embedded in a soft magnetic matrix). Alloys with higher concentration of Si are shown to produce high coercivity (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{c}\sim 700$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–750 Oe). The soft magnetic matrix strongly influences the H<italic>c</italic>. The actual switching field (≥3.7 kOe) of L10 FeNi has been found to be much higher than that of H<italic>c</italic>. In this paper, the L10 FeNi phase is shown to form at temperatures higher than the reported order–disorder temperature. Our results of temperature-dependent magnetization and thermal analyses suggest that the L10 FeNi phase can survive at temperatures ≤550 °C. The magnetization reversal mechanism was understood by angular dependence of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and it is shown to be a domain-wall pinning type. Due to structural and magnetic similarities between L10 FeNi and L10 FePt, ribbon samples with low-volume fraction of L10 FePt grains in a soft magnetic matrix were prepared with a similar technique. Magnetization behavior of L10 FeNi is shown to be similar to that of L10 FePt.


In this paper, a Clustering Based Sequence Equalizer is proposed in the context of Intensity Modulated Direct Detection optical communications links operating at 40Gb/s using Differential Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying signaling. The equalizer provides an attractive implementation of the Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation, comprising of two successive steps, namely a) nonparametric estimation of the channel response using a cluster based approach and b) sequence estimation using the Viterbi algorithm. The performance of the cluster based sequence equalizer is investigated my means of computer simulation.


Objective
To investigate the therapeutic effect of nasal endoscope surgery on chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps in geriatric patients.

Methods
A total of 132 geriatric patients with chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps underwent nasal endoscope surgery in our hospital from Jun. 2010 to Jun. 2014, and the therapeutic effect was investigated.

Results
In the 132 cases, 92 cases were cured (69.7%). Therapeutic effects were excellent in 33 cases (25.0%), and invalid in 7 cases (5.3%). The total effective rate was 94.7%. The total effective rate was 100.0% in type Ⅰ, 97.4% in type Ⅱ and 84.8% in type Ⅲ. The total effective rate was higher in type Ⅰ and Ⅱ than in type Ⅲ (χ2=3.506 and 6.218, P=0.035 and 0.012). Local complications occurred in 10 cases (7.6%), including 1 case with nasolacrimal duct injury, 2 cases with orbital hematoma, 5 cases with nasal adhesion, 1 case with surgical cavity hemorrhage and 1 case with sinus atresia.

Conclusions
The therapeutic effects of nasal endoscopesurgery on chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps are good in geriatric patients, especially in treating chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps of type I and II, and the postoperative complications are less, which is worth clinical application.

Key words:
Natural orifice endoscopic surgery; Sinusitis; Nasalpolyps


PCCI combustion is one of the means to meet with the future severe regulation of exhaust gas through a CI engine. The authors have carried out the experiments of the mixed fuel to realize PCCI combustion. The base of this kind of combustion is the flash boiling phenomena taking place in the mixed fuel. This report describes the summary of the experiments of the characteristics of spray and those of combustion of the mixed fuel and the application of flash boiling spray to a CI engine with a single cylinder conducted in Doshisha University.


Rene 80 is a Nickel- base superalloy which is widely used in gas turbines. In this study, the influence of cooling rate on lattice constant and morphological changes of the  precipitates was investigated. The samples were heat treated at 1204 oC for 2 hours, then were cooled to ambient temperature under cooling rates of 0.016, 0.16, 11, 72 and 368 ◦ C/s. γ΄ precipitates were extracted from the samples by electrolytic method. X-Ray diffraction technique was employed to evaluate the unconstrained lattice constant which was 3.592 A (=0.3592 nm) for all samples. It has been found that decreasing of the cooling rate from the solution temperature led to changes in the morphology of the γ΄ precipitates; from spherical to flower-like, octocubic and finally dendritic morphology.


Divided into 8 chapters, this book offers tools for understanding the new macro environment facing food and agribusiness and helps to position food chains. It helps companies to take advantage of opportunities. The tools relate to strategic planning of food chains in the new scenario, understanding what will happen with chain participants, where markets will grow, how consumers will behave, how sustainability will gain importance, and how cooperatives, associations and other forms of collective actions will gather force. The chapters discuss:(1) creating a strategic plan for a food chain;(2) the new macro-environment for food, agribusiness, and biofuels chains;(3) the participants of the food chains, their characteristics and trends;(4) the twenty trends in food and beverage marketing;(5) building sustainability in a food chain;(6) trends in food consumerism;(7) the role of cooperatives in the new world;and (8) the world after Covid-19.


Two puzzling features of the growth resistance of atomically rough 4He crystals are explained by a theory in which rotons collide with "kinks" on the surface. The two kinds of kinks on each step or terrace form one-dimensional gases of particles of finite mass. Good agreement with experiment is obtained if the kinks have roughly the atomic mass and Boltzmann statistics.


Background/Goal: In 2017, the prevalence rate of asthma among youth was 22.5% in the US. In comparison, Michigan's prevalence rate was 26.2%, the seventh highest in the nation. In recognition of the various social determinants of health impacting the care of patients in Detroit, pediatrics residents formed a working group called Pediatricians Empowering and Advocating for Community Health (PEACH). The goal of PEACH is to address health disparities through outreach initiatives …


Multi level inverter technology has overcome the common three level inverters, as for the better output and performance, one of the most common use of the inverter is to produce pure sine wave from dc supply however this paper present Multi level inverter to be used as harmonic source, this paper will discuss the Inverter configuration to produce 9 levels output (typical) or can be boosted to produce 11 or 13 with using 2 extra switches. This paper discusses the switching strategy to control the inverter, and calculate the switching angles for the required output signal.


Objective To study the clinical curative effect of laparoscopic treatment of ovarian benign tumor.Methods The 65 cases of ovarian benign tumor patients who were given laparoscopic treatment were selected as observation group,in addition,over the same period,sixty patients who were given open surgical treatment were selected as the control group.The amount of bleeding during the operation,operation time,anal exhaust time,postoperative complications,the length of time between the two groups were compared.Results The amount of bleeding during the operation,anal exhaust time,length of hospital stay in the observation group was better than that of control group,the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05);The operation time was compared between the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant(P 0.05);The complications was compared between the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic treatment of ovarian benign tumor effect is remarkable,and it is worth for spreading application.


This article presents two clinical cases of women ages 34 and 76, both of whom required internal hemipelvectomy to resect malignant bone tumors. Their clinical courses were radically different representing the extremes of uncomplicated and compli- cated clinical courses in patients undergoing major pelvic resec- tions. These cases illustrate relevant and important issues that must be considered during rehabilitation, specifically, deconditioning, pain control, altered gait mechanics, altered sexual functioning, and edema/lymphedema management. Collaboration between or- thopaedic surgery and rehabilitation medicine is essential to the successful treatment of these patients. Rehabilitation after internal hemipelvectomy for resec- tion of malignant bone tumors represents an increasingly common and necessary opportunity for clinical collabora- tion between orthopaedic surgery and rehabilitation medi- cine. These patients present a particularly challenging array of clinical issues including deconditioning, pain manage- ment, altered gait mechanics, altered sexual functioning, and edema/lymphedema management. A MEDLINE search revealed no citations on this topic. A survey of the major rehabilitation medicine journals revealed no isolated case studies. Thus, it becomes essential to report case studies as is done here, as an initial step in expanding our collaborative clinical knowledge base in the area of orthopaedic cancer rehabilitation.


: A cursory reading of R¯um¯ı's Mat ¯ naw¯ı suggests that the author follows the dominant Qur'¯anic interpretation denying Jesus Christ's Crucifixion. Closer analysis demonstrates, however, that R¯um¯ı interprets the Cross and considers its spiritual significance in a subtle and symbolic way. This study addresses this contradiction by developing a synthesis that clarifies R¯um¯ı's spiritual anthropology. In the Islamic context, his writing constitutes a significant attempt to understand and interpret the Christian Scriptures and overcome sensitive points of conflict that are considered dividing lines between the faiths


Regarding EH4001, a length of more than 200m is required for a steady-state mode distribution. Moreover, when there is strong mode conversion, the bandwidth is inversely proportional to the square root of the l e r ~ g t h. ~. ~ However, as can be seen in Fig. 3, the measured bandwidth for a small-NA launch is almost inversely proportional to the length. The reason why the measured bandwidth for a small-NA launch is much greater than the theoretical minimum can be explained as follows. When the launch NA is smaller than the theoretical maximum NA of the fibre under test, the NA in eqn. 1 must be replaced by NA,, the average effective NA, which is calculated from the weighted mean of the angular distribution of the light emitted from the fibre under test. In this study, N A , for a launch NA of 0.10 was calculated to be 0.11 for the reference fibre, and 0.13 for a 20m fibre. These values yield time spreads of 13.5 ps/m and 21.9 ps/m, respectively. The minimum bandwidth B for a length of 20m can be roughly estimated from the formula 04 E %-T (4) It gives a value of 1.1GHz. When the launch NA is small, mode conversion will have the effect, not of increasing the bandwidth, but rather of limiting the bandwidth because it increases NA,. In the experiment of Meier et al., it is quite probable that the launch NA was actually smaller than 0.2 because the diameter of the incident laser beam with respect to the microscope objective did not seem to be large enough. Another point is that the diameter of an APD with a response fast enough to measure the bandwidth of a short APF is so small that it cannot detect all of the output light, and this may result in an overestimation of the bandwidth. Conclusion: The transmission bandwidth of an APF strongly depends on the launching conditions, and the characteristics of the detector must be taken into account in the measurements. A bandwidth of over 190MHz can be achieved at a length of 100111, for a small-NA launch with a laser diode operating in the visible region.


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Abstract : Military deception is an umbrella term that includes both denial and deception. Denial hides the real and deception shows the fake. Denial and deception are operations; propaganda and disinformation are the products (DOD Background Briefing:3). Joint doctrine says that military deception, as applied by a joint force commander, targets an adversary's decision-making process. ultimately, the intent is to shape the adversary's behavior in the JFC's favor or to cause an adversary to form an inaccurate impression of the battlespace. Consequently, planning for deception operations depends on intelligence and security for success. Obviously, a commander wants to conceal deception efforts from the enemy, but often he'll conceal all or some of his efforts from his own troops to prevent confusion and/or compromise of the plan (JP 3-13:II-4). During the early years of Soviet involvement in World War II, mishandling of information by soldiers and planners resulted in the compromise of many maskirovka (or deception) operations. As a result, the Soviets implemented aggressive security measures to protect their deception plans. Specifically, Soviet commanders restricted the number of planners and documents involved in the deception operations and communicated to subordinates only what they needed to know, when they needed to know it.


Ba ferrite thin films were successfully prepared by using a facing target sputtering system. Magnetic, crystallized thin films were obtained both by ex-situ and in-situ processes. In this paper, thin films prepared by these two processes were studied on the aspects of crystal structure, magnetic properties and surface morphology. The mechanism of magnetization reversal of thin films prepared by both processes was discussed. It is found that the imperfection in the thin films strongly effects the magnetic properties of these films.


The digestibility and nitrogen content of the diet and of the green fraction of the diet, and concentrations of individual volatile fatty acids in the rumen were measured in sheep and cattle grazing together on five Phalaris tuberosa pastures varying in forage availability. The sheep and cattle were aged 5 and 6 months respectively. Measurements were made at monthly intervals for 5 consecutive months during which animals were rotated between pastures. Measurements of forage availability, structure and composition were subjected to a principal components analysis from which orthogonal variables describing pasture composition were calculated. These were related to the nutritive value of the diet and the composition of rumen fluid by regression analysis. Diets selected by sheep were of higher digestibility and nitrogen content than those selected by cattle, because they contained more green material and the green material selected by the sheep was of higher digestibility and nitrogen content. The nutritive value of the diet of sheep varied with the availability of green forage, and that of cattle with both the availability of green and the bulk of forage on offer. Cattle were the more sensitive to changes in the quantity of green material available, and differences between sheep and cattle in the nutritive value of diets were reduced as the quantity of green material and the bulk of forage increased. The rumen liquor of cattle contained proportionately more acetic acid, and the proportions of other volatile fatty acids were less than in sheep. These differences were generally associated with differences in selective grazing.


ABAZARI, AZRA, see EKBLAD, SOLVIG BARASCH, MIRIAM, see YOUNGMANN, RAFAEL BARTHOLOMEW, ROBERT, Rejoinder, 3, 393–397 BARTHOLOMEW, ROBERT, The Conspicuous Absence of a Single Credible Case of latah-related Death Or Serious Injury, 3, 369–376 BELL, JESSE, Commentary on Ilechukwu, 2, 227–230 BHATTARAI, RABINDRA, see VAN OMMEREN, MARK CHANG, SUK CHOO, The Diagnosis of Anxiety in the United States and East Asia as an Obstacle to Collaborative Work, 1, 125–127 CINNIRELLA, MARCO, see LOEWENTHAL, KATE MIRIAM DE JONG, JOOP, see VAN OMMEREN, MARK DRENNAN, GERARD, Psychiatry, Post-Apartheid Integration and the Neglected Role of Language in South African Institutional Contexts, 1, 5–22 EKBLAD, SOLVIG, AZRA ABAZARI AND NILS-GUSTAF ERIKSSON, Migration Stress-related Challenges Associated With Perceived Quality of Life: A Qualitative Analysis of Iranian Refugees and Swedish Patients, 3, 329–345 ENSINK, KARIN AND BRIAN A. ROBERTSON , Patient and Family Experiences of Psychiatric Services and African Indigenous Healers, 1, 23–43 ERIKSSON, NILS-GUSTAF, see EKBLAD, SOLVIG FREEDMAN, BENJAMIN, Competence Within a Society of Strangers: A Midrashic Note on the Cross-cultural Representation of Madness, 4, 525–529 FREEMAN, PAUL, The Marabout Cult in Morocco, 4, 531–537 GOODMAN, YEHUDA, see WITZTUM, ELIEZER HERMANSSON, ANN-CHARLOTTE AND TOOMAS TIMPKA, 'How Do You Feel?': A SelfRating Scale for Measuring Well-Being in Refugees, 3, 317–328 HOGAN, NORA M., see KILONZO, GAD P.


In general crack problem, the geometry and loading encountered are too complex for the determination of the fracture parameters analytically. To this end, numerical methods have been developed as possible solution. The boundary element method, used in this paper is one of the powerful numerical methods. An elasto‐plastic analysis of fracture specimens is performed. The welded specimen fracture behaviour and its deviation regarding the parent material is investigated. The obtained results are compared whit the experimental results and the results given by FEM.


The basic components of a saturated buffer are a non-perforated tile outlet pipe, a water control structure, a perforated distribution pipe, and a vegetated buffer (Figure 1). The water control structure is installed along the tile outlet pipe and within the buffer. The distribution pipes are connected to the water control structure and installed within the buffer roughly parallel to the stream at a shallow depth below the ground surface.


The renewal and renewal-intensity functions with minimal repair are explored for the Normal, Gamma, Uniform, and Weibull underlying lifetime distributions. The Normal, Gamma, and Uniform renewal, and renewal-intensity functions are derived by the convolution method. Unlike these last three failure distributions, the Weibull except at shape does not have a closed-form function for the n-fold convolution. Since the Weibull is the most important failure distribution in reliability analyses, the approximate renewal and renewal-intensity functions of Weibull were obtained by the time-discretizing method using the Mean-Value Theorem for Integrals. A Matlab program outputs all reliability and renewal measures.


The learning space in worldUC is an effective way to construct a web-based, digital, personal, and life-long educational system, as well as to bring forth new educational teaching modes. Therefore, this paper introduces the construction and function of learning space in worldUC, and analyzes the connotation, targets, as well as meaning of flipped classroom. Meanwhile, it puts forward the implementation, basic principles, and strategies for flipped classroom, and proposes suggestions for flipped classroom, to provide references for flipped classroom.


Rice planthoppers is a kind of major rice pests at Hezhou City.In last decade,its large-occurring frequencies of main harm generation and hypo-harm generation have an aggravating tendency.The article has analyzed its occurring conditions and features of rice planthopper in last decade at Hezhou City,and introduced some effective countermeasures for continuous control;moreover,put forward some suggestions for better control work in the future.


Abstract Enantiomerically pure (S)- and (R)-isopropyl alkenylmethylphosphinates were obtained from the reaction of (R)- and (S)-isopropyl methylphosphinates, respectively, with alkenyl bromides via palladium-catalyzed formation of carbon-phosphorus bond.


Eagle syndrome is a radio-clinical entity characterized by ossification of stylohyoid ligament described by Eagle in 1937.1 This entity can manifest clinical signs related to compression of neurovascular structures in the vicinity, it affects 4% of the general population of which only 4% are symptomatic. L objective of this work is to recall the clinical presentation of Eagle syndrome in order to evoke the diagnosis and show the radiological aspect of this entity. Case report


A stochastic learning automaton model based on relative reward strength is proposed for solving the job scheduling problem in distributed computing systems. The scheduling approach belongs to the category of distributed algorithms. An automaton scheduler is used for each local host in the computer network to make the decision whether to accept the incoming job or transfer it to another server. The learning scheme proposed makes use of the most recent reward to each action provided by the environment. This feature means that the automaton has the capability to handle a class of uncertainty such as workload variation or incomplete system state information. Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed scheduling approach is not degraded in the case of a change in workload and is better than the approaches of Fixed Scheduling Discipline and Joining the Shortest Queue under incomplete system information.


The utility model discloses a novel high voltage power distributing system transforming system, which comprises a transformer, two electric poles, a bracket, a drop switch, a drop picul, a high-voltage line and a low-voltage line; the transformer is fixedly arranged on the bracket; the bracket is fixedly arranged on the two electric poles; the drop picul is fixed on the two electric poles; the drop switch is fixedly arranged on the drop picul; the high-voltage line is communicated with a high-voltage power, the drop switch and the high-voltage input end of the transformer; the low-voltage line is connected with the output end of the transformer; the output line of the low-voltage line is fixedly arranged on one electric pole; the drop switch is arranged on the position of the drop picul far from one side of the electric pole, thus being capable of omitting one original electric pole, preventing the drop switch to drop off crookedly to strike the transformer and playing the role of protecting the transformer.


An experiment was carried out at ICAR-NRC on Yak farm using 20 male yak calves of uniform age (12–13 months) and body weight (130.7 kg). The animals were randomly divided into four groups, viz. G1, G2, G3 and G4 each having five calves. Group G1 was fed CFBs comprising 50% concentrate and 50% paddy straws [as per NRC (1989) requirements of dairy cattle] and 50% paddy straw of this ration was replaced with maar, blemkar and salix tree leaves and was fed to groups G2, G3 and G4, respectively. All the animals were allowed to feed individually for 120 days and at the last part of the feeding, a digestibility trial of 6 days was carried out.Standard managemental practices were applied for each animal and were treated for both ecto and endo parasitic infestation before the start of the experiment. At the end of 120 days, the average DMI/100 kg body weight and per kg metabolic body weights (W0.75) ranged from 1.90±0.22 to 1.79±0.14 kg, and 63.05±3.88 to 66.97±5.13 g indicating comparatively higher dry matter intake in G1 group; however, the values were statistically non-significant amongst the groups. Further, average daily gain in body weight and feed efficiency of the animals ranged from 392.44±19.04 to 402.99±4.88 g and 6.84±0.21 to 7.18±0.38, respectively with highest gain and feed efficiency observed in Group G4.


The study of differential nonlinearities (DNL) and integral nonlinearities (INL) of a high-speed data acquisition system using interleaving/multiplexing yields a theoretical expression for both errors, showing that they are smaller than the DNL and INL errors for each analog-to-digital converter (ADC) channel. Both experimental and computer-simulated data reveal very good agreement with the theoretical results. It is also shown that for this type of interleaved acquisition system, that has a time-dependent transfer characteristic, the effective number of bits cannot be evaluated via histogram testing.


Wihlborg, M: At the INQAAHE International Quality Assurance in Higher Education. Conference on the theme: "Quality Assurance: Coming of Age-lessons from the Past and Strategies for the Future" in T ...


In this paper we propose a novel Lyapunov based design of a variable gain super-twisting algorithm ensuring global finite time convergence to the desired sliding surface for linear time invariant systems with absolutely continuous matched uncertainties/disturbances bounded together with their gradients by known functions. The proposed methodology makes the control strategy global like in the variable gains first order sliding mode control but also provides chattering phenomenon alleviation. Obtained results are experimentally verified with the rotary Furuta's pendulum.


Studies on the nature of public opinion and its impact on public policy, while borrowing from Rational Choice's methodological individualism and rational actor assumptions, often fail to take into account the wider implications of rational choice theorizing for the Opinion-Policy Nexus. In this paper we use Rational Choice Theory to criticize the mass society approach to Public Opinion and Policy. Particularly important, but often overlooked by Public Opinion scholars, are Public Choice findings on rational ignorance, the spatial theory of preferences, Intransitivity, Heresthetics, and Collective Action Problems. These theories suggest the vulnerability of mass-opinion, a positivist construct, to elite rhetorical manipulation. Riker's conclusion in favour of Liberalism over Populism, paralleled in the debate over the need for elite leadership of the public versus democratic responsiveness to polls, suggests that Public Opinion scholars might also reconsider the validity of mass opinion polls as the dominant construct of public opinion. Also within the Rational Choice framework, the findings of Neo-Institutionalism may suggest the applicability of some alternative forms of public input into the policy process.


The research on photocatalytic oxidation technology has been one of the most important issues in recent years and has bright prospect in the future.Tantalates had become the study-hotspot of material science because of their stable structure and unique physical and chemical properties.Their poor potocatalytic properties and high band energy,however,were a major impediment for application.Metal and nonmetallic elements doping technology was effectively applied to improve the potocatalyties of tantalates.The effects on the photocatalytic activities of niobates by metal and nonmetal elements doping were specifically introduced.Finally,nanosized tantalates composite photocatalysts with high potocatalytic activities under visible light were prepared through the metal-nonmental double elements codoping method,which is regarded as an important research development direction in the photocatalytic field and exists an enormous research space in the future.


Abstract In a search for safer and potent antitubercular agents, here a library of newly substituted dioxoisoindolinylmethyl-triazolyl-N-phenylacetamide derivatives (5a–l) has been synthesized via click chemistry approach. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB). Among the screened compounds, 5d, 5e, 5h, and 5l showed good antitubercular activity. The compounds 5d and 5l have shown very effective antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB) with MIC 12.5 μg/mL. All the newly synthesized compounds were thoroughly characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS spectral data. We further performed exploratory docking studies on the crystal structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl reductase to demonstrate the mechanism of antitubercular activity. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


It is well-known the dimples on the surface of golf ball increase its flying distance. But the detailed mechanism of flow by dimples has not been made clear. This paper deals with the effect of the grooves as modeled dimples that were put on the surface of a circular cylinder. The computation was performed by solving the Navier-Stokes equation using the QUICK method. The grooves were formed in the same shape as a golf ball and the number of dimples is 32. The experiment was performed flow visualization using spark tracing method. These results of the flow pattern around the circular cylinder showed good agreement.


Regionally, The ophiolite in Aimutubasitawu is at the west prolongation part of the Altai-Bayingou-Guertu ophiolite belt, and it is the important part of subduction zone of Zhungeer tiny plate and Yili-Yisaikehu tiny plate in middle Variscan epoch. It is parted in the Shadawang Formation of early Carboniferous which contact with Qi'ergusitao Formation of late Carboniferous by fault, and suffered serious structural dismantling. Through studying the data on the geological and geochemical features of ophiolite, formation time inferred from fossil and measured by zircon U-Pb dating, it is supposed that the ophiolite formed at the end of early Carboniferous, the relatively integrated rock assemblage of ophiolite suffered structural dismantling indicate the environment of ocean bain with limited expansion.


An object of the present invention is installed on an insulating substrate by using the copper paste, as well as excellent electrical conductivity, to provide a conductive coating film is also improved adhesion to the insulating substrate. Conductive coating film of the present invention, by installing a resin layer containing the heterocyclic compound and / or a hydrazide compound including nitrogen in the insulating substrate, a heterocyclic ring, and a copper paste on the resin layer, containing copper powder after forming the coating film is produced by performing a heat treatment in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere.


The post-traumatic pseudocyst is a very rare complication of the spleen rupture after blunt abdominal trauma. It is known to occur only to 1% of patients who had undergone such blunt abdominal trauma. The symptoms of the disease are reported to develop after a long post-traumatic period, thus the etiology of the pseudocyst of the spleen is hard to reveal. The aim of this paper is to present a case of the post-traumatic pseudocyst of the spleen and to discuss the strategy of the surgical management.


A discourse means its communicative purpose and the corresponding consequence. The construction of a whole discourse is through interaction between producer and receiver. The pragmatic function of external publicity is of specific ideology feature, and the publicity of value and ideology is realized through the audience's active response. Under the trend of globalization, external publicity is not confined to static verbal discourse. So the discourse construction of external publicity is in multimedia and interactive environment, and is of positive discourse trend. Combined with the register theory, through analyzing the successful publicity cases, this paper suggests several discourse construction model of the multimedia interactive external publicity.


This article presents the study of temperatures in the southwestern region of Madagascar, delimited by latitudes -21 ° to -26 ° and longitudes 43 ° to 46 °. The study area experienced a significant upward trend for the maximum temperature of 0.022 ° C per year and an overall average increase of 0.23 ° C after the break-up date of 2003. This area can be subdivided into 5 regions relative to the maximum temperature and 3 relative to the minimum temperature. Each region has a specific microclimate towards others.
The GFDL-GFDL-ESM2M climate model of the National Oceanographic and Administration for each region was biased by the debinding method, the quantile-quantile method, and the delta method. The results reveal that one method of bias correction can be adapted for one region but not for another.


Through literature,questionnaires,interviews with experts and logical analysis and other methods,analysis of the effects of proposed courses on college sport game options is carried out.Strategies to create elective game courses of physical education in colleges and universities are put forward to provide reference for the creation of sport game college courses.


In this work, we focus on the problem of virtual machines (VMs) placement in geographically distributed data centers. We consider communicating VMs assigned to data centers that are connected over an IP-over-WDM network. We aim to plan and optimize the placement of VMs in data centers so as to minimize the IP-traffic within the backbone network. Thus, we propose first, a formulation which can be considered as a variant of the Hub Location problem modeling and we show its extreme difficulty for medium and large size instances. In order to overcome this difficulty, we reformulate the problem by multi-commodity flow, adopt variable aggregating methods and add valid inequalities to strengthen this new formulation. The different experiments that we present show the effectiveness of our last model in terms of running time and computational resources.


This article analyzes the limitation of cooperation and the expansion of conflict between states in cyberspace. Like traditional security spaces around the world, global cyberspace is also an anarchy system with no absolute authority or institutional status. In such a situation, based on cyber sovereignty and cyber power, the state tries to create an institution applicable to domestic and international cyberspace to make a cyber system favorable to the state itself. Since, unlike traditional power, cyber power has both material and non-material elements, a state cannot know the level of another state's cyber power. For this reason, conflicts among states in the cyber domain are intensifying. The most active states competing for the upper hand in cyberspace are the United States and China. They lead to different levels of recognition and strategies concerning the cyber domain. While the competition between the United States and China invites conflict, it also triggers temporary cooperation among states. The UN's cybersecurity activities are also fragmented by various inter-government institutions and management organizations. However, the differences in strategy between the United States and China affect other states. Ultimately, although the direction of discussions on cybersecurity has been set based on the Group of Government Experts activities in the UN and the need for inter-state cooperation has been acknowledged, such cooperation would be only temporary because states consider domestic policy and strategy to be more important than international or regional cooperative organizations.


The study of the plates exposed with Prin‐Mertz refractor (f = 6m, D = 38 cm) was performed and the results were included in the WFPA data‐base. It was analyzed the next step of including the plate archive in Bucharest Virtual Observatory together with the new CCD observations.


Using brook (Culaea inconstans) and 10-spined (Pungitius pungitius) sticklebacks we examined body-size related schooling behaviour. Small and large sticklebacks were allowed to choose between two test schools, of small and of large individuals, with and without a piscivorous fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) visible. Sticklebacks of both species preferred the company of fish of matching body size: small fish associating with a school of small fish, large fish with a school of large fish. While no interspecific differences were found in responses to school selection, body size and predator presence did affect selection of school-type. In both species, small fish tended to show a stronger preference for matching schools. The preference was enhanced in small fish with presence of a predator, but not in large fish. These observations are further evidence for assortative schooling in sticklebacks.


Context (Background): Cognitive dysfunctions as the unexplored complications in diabetics need to be systematically studied. Aims: To assess the correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated cognitive dysfunctions with varying age groups and duration. Settings and Design: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching institute in eastern India. Materials and Methods: In this study the participants were allocated into five groups according to duration of diabetes, for example, less than 3 months, 3 months-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-20 years, and more than 20 years. Each of these groups was then classified into following six subgroups according to age: group A (20 years or less), group B (21-30 years), group C (31-40 years), group D (41-50 years), group E (51-60 years), and group F (more than 60 years). A predesigned, pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to find the cognitive functions based on the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) in diabetics and age-matched nondiabetic participants. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11.0 to calculate proportions and significance test were done in this study. Results: There was noticeable attenuation of cognitive functions in diabetics in all age groups irrespective of duration of the morbidity. Further, a distinct pattern of incremental cognitive dysfunctions was also noticed as the age progressed in diabetics and in healthy controls. Conclusion: Diabetics are more at risk of cognitive dysfunctions than age-matched controls, which needs more elaborative studies.


Note: Univ lausanne,inst organ chem,2 delabarre,ch-1005 lausanne,switzerland. inst cristallog,ch-1015 lausanne dorigny,switzerland. Reference LGSA-ARTICLE-1988-007doi:10.1002/hlca.19880710546 Record created on 2005-11-09, modified on 2017-05-12


Withtherapidgrowthinmobileandwireless computing technology, location management techniques becomemorechallenging. Ina mobile environment, mobile nodesmovefromoneplace toanother andby consequence changetheirIP addresses. Location management refers totheproblem ofupdating and searching thecurrent addresses ofthemobile nodesin suchenvironments. Tomakeitefficient, thesumof update/lookup costsofa location database mustbe minimized. Inthis paper, wepresent anovel distributed location management architecture based onP2Pparadigms that canadapt dynamically touserpattern changes. Thus location managementis doneefficiently and responsibility isshared fairly amonglocations servers. IndexTerms- Mobilecomputing, location management, 4G.


The invention relates to a high-elasticity stress relaxation-resistant beryllium-copper alloy and its preparation and processing method. The alloy comprises the following basic components by mass: 0.2-0.7% of Be, 0.5-2.0% of Co, 0.2-2.0% of Ni, and the balance Cu. The components of the copper alloy need to satisfy that: (a) the total content of Ni and Co is greater than or equal to 0.7% and less than or equal to 4%; and (b) the ratio of the sum of Ni and Co to Be is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 7. The preparation and processing method consists of: a. batching according to the mass percentage, charging, smelting and casting; b. surface milling; c. hot rolling; d. solid solution treatment; e. first cold rolling; f. first aging; g. second cold rolling; and h. second aging. The copper alloy provided in the invention has tensile strength sigmaB of 600-800MPa, plastic elongation delta of 4-10%, and electric conductivity of 35-50%IACS, and can be widely used in various elastic reeds, electrical contacts, spot welding poles, explosion-proof tools, electrical contact components, plug-in components and other occasions.


W. O., a youth, aged 18, was admitted to St. Luke's Hospital, July 4, 1929. He was brought to the emergency room, sitting in a wheel chair, an air pump plunger rod through his head. He was cold and clammy, his pulse slow and weak, with the appearance of severe shock, not unconscious, but unable to respond to questions. Immediate antishock treatment was started. The protruding shaft was cleansed with iodine and withdrawn, the patient was put to bed, and tetanus antitoxin was given. The pump shaft was five-sixteenths inch in diameter and 18 inches long. It had entered the skull through the medial and upper angle of the right orbit, without injury to the eyeball, and had protruded 6 inches in the midline at about the parietal and occipital articulations. The patient's mother stated that the young man had been placing lighted firecrackers in the pump barrel and holding


We consider the problem of binary class probability estimation (CPE) when one class is rare compared to the other. It is well known that standard algorithms such as logistic regression do not perform well in this setting as they tend to underestimate the probability of the rare class. Common fixes include under-sampling and weighting, together with various correction schemes. Recently, Wang & Dey (2010) suggested the use of a parametrized family of asymmetric link functions based on the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution, which has been used for modeling rare events in statistics. The approach showed promising initial results, but combined with the logarithmic CPE loss implicitly used in their work, it results in a non-convex composite loss that is difficult to optimize. In this paper, we use tools from the theory of proper composite losses (Buja et al., 2005; Reid & Williamson, 2010) to construct a canonical underlying CPE loss corresponding to the GEV link, which yields a convex proper composite loss that we call the GEV-canonical loss; this loss can be tailored to CPE settings where one class is rare, and is easily minimized using an IRLS-type algorithm similar to that used for logistic regression. Our experiments on both synthetic and real data suggest that the resulting algorithm - which we term GEV-canonical regression - performs well compared to common approaches such as undersampling and weights-correction for this problem.


One among the most preferred subjects as per the Budget is the tax scenario in accordance with the Indian Tax laws. With a slew of measures to boost the Indian economy and to improve revenue to the government, Finance minister, Nirmala Sitharaman introduced an optional personal income tax regime with the intention to simplify income-tax filing and reduce the tax burden on individual taxpayers. The finance minister introduced an optional personal income tax regime with the intention to simplify income-tax filing and reduce the tax burden on individual taxpayers. Under the proposed new personal tax regime, this paper discuss about some cases of an individual taxpayer can opt to forego defined exemptions and deductions and pay taxes at lower tax rates.


A fast method has been proposed for calculating the shielding current density in a high-TC superconductor. An initial-boundary-value problem of the shielding current density cannot be always solved with the Runge-Kutta method even when an adaptive step-size control algorithm is incorporated. In order to overcome these difficulties, the J-E constitutive relation is deformed so that the resulting solution may satisfy the original constitutive relation. The results of computations show that the proposed method is much faster than the conventional one.


The present invention relates to a kind of network agents of data packet frequency analysis to encrypt traffic characteristic extracting method, belongs to machine learning and network service safe field.Include the following steps: step 1, data packet is extracted based on data packet frequency analysis result;Step 2, data packet length-timestamp difference cluster, generate cluster result;Step 3 calculates premium class number of clusters amount;Step 4 calculates encryption traffic characteristic.The method introduces the discrimination larger data packet based on word frequency inverse document frequency, than directly more having apparent differentiation to act on using all data packets;It can act on any machine learning classification algorithm, classification accuracy is high;The difference cluster for introducing data packet length and timestamp, can further promote the classifying quality of the identical webpage of URL difference page elements;There is higher accuracy compared with existing refined net traffic classification and recognition methods.


The technology of GIS spatial data transferring and storage is experiencing the development from wired network to wireless networking at present.In allusion to the deficiency of low bandwidth,frequent disconnection and finite resource under the wireless condition,this paper introduces the method of transferring the interspaced data and information in new wireless environment Based on the GIS self-adaptation transfer strategy,and analyzes self-adaptation transfer characters,optimization principle which preserves the desired spatial update efficiency has been designed..the proposed mechanism has been proved to be feasible and efficient by the scrupulous examination results.


A Ni(Ⅱ) complex [Ni3(L)2(H2O)12] ·6H2O(1) was synthesized at room temperature with a new organic multicarboxylic acid(H3L=HOOCCH2OC6H4N(CH2COOH)2).In the complex,two Ni(Ⅱ) ions are in two different coordination environments.One Ni(Ⅱ) ion coordinates with ligand L3-by the two methylene carboxyl groups on the nitrogen atom and the other coordinates with six water molecules.The methylene carboxyl group on the oxygen atom does not coordinate with Ni(Ⅱ) ion.There are plenty of hydrogen bonds in(1) and a three-dimensional structure is constructed.It crystallized in triclinic crystal system and P-1 space group and the crystallographic data for(1) are: a=0.730 1(14) nm,b=1.059 7(17) nm,c=1.363 9(16) nm,α=97.14(8)°,β=91.26(6)°,γ=96.50(8)°,V=1.040(3) nm3 and Z=1.


Impaired social behavior occurs in several psychiatric disorders including autism, schizophrenia and depression. This symptom has proven difficult to treat with available pharmaceuticals. Based on clinical findings and experiments in rodents, serotonin (5‐HT) transmission is often disrupted in the socially‐impaired brain, and limbic regions and frontal cortex appear to be involved. Two drugs are commonly used to treat autism; risperidone curbs aggression but blunts social interaction, and fluoxetine improves social behavior somewhat, but its efficacy is diminished with reduced 5‐HT transporter (SERT) function. Our goal was to characterize the effects of blocking ancillary transporters of 5‐HT, with lower affinity but greater capacity than SERT to remove 5‐HT from extracellular fluid. These auxillary transporters, known as 'uptake 2' include organic cation and plasma membrane monoamine transporters. We utilized two models of impaired social behavior, inbred BTBR T+tf/J and SERT knock‐out (‐/‐) mice, to examine uptake 2 blockade effects on 5‐HT uptake and social behavior. The pseudoisocyanine decinium‐22 (D‐22) blocked 5‐HT uptake (Km = 92 +/‐ 12 nM) but had negligible affinity for SERT (Ki > 3000 nM) in hippocampal synaptosomes. In SERT ‐/‐ and BTBR mice, social behavior improved with acute D‐22 treatment at doses of 0.01 ‐ 0.1 mg/kg. This strategy may be an effective treatment for inpaired social behavior, and warrants further study.


We examined data on adenylate kinase (EC 22.214.171.124) activity and other clinical chemical values from patients with renal transplantsby analysisof varianceand discnminantanalysis, usingvariouscombinationsof variables in an attemptto find a predictor of transplant rejection. Some typical data are presented. We conclude that the combination of urinary adenylatekinaseand creatinineclearance isthe bestpredictor for identifyingpatientswith transientor destructiverenal transplant crises. AddItionalK.yphraaes: renal transplant enzyme act!vi-


Abstract Inclusive trade is taking hold in various forms in international organizations and in the trade policy of national governments. Absent empirical evidence that will take time to generate, it can be difficult to assess the achievements of this new approach to trade. Nancy Fraser's three justice idioms provide a conceptual entry point for evaluating the potential of the inclusive trade agenda. Fraser argues that the contemporary global justice conversation must acknowledge claims for recognition, representation, and redistribution. Applying this conceptualization to the inclusive trade agenda shows that trade agreement provisions intended to favor women and Indigenous peoples go some distance in addressing claims for recognition and representation but accomplish less in remedying injustices associated with maldistribution. Therefore, the inclusive trade agenda does significantly advance global justice for marginalized groups, but works primarily in ways that are political and cultural, not economic.


As PV systems are an intermittent resource; their behaviour will need to be appropriately characterised before they can be reliably integrated into the electrical grid on a large scale. Relevant issues at the network level include voltage regulation and more variable power flows through network equipment. At the system level, high penetrations may have significant supply-demand and reserve implications. A particular challenge is that PV can be implemented in a highly distributed manner with potentially large numbers of small residential systems. This paper attempts to characterise the behaviour of a distributed system of small scale PV installations using high frequency (10 second) monitoring data from a number of existing PV installations in the Hunter region of Australia. Results highlight the significant variability of PV generation under some weather conditions, the benefits of distributed PV implementation in reducing aggregate short-term variability and the particular characteristics of this variability including its dependence on cloud cover and the time of day. Results are presented in a form which is hoped to allow easy incorporation into distributed generation models and which assists designers of smart grid systems.


The Tanypodinae from Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada are listed and taxonomic and ecological notes given. The males of Paramerina fragilis (Walley) and Helopelopia pilicaudata (Walley), and the immatures of Telopelopia okoboji (Walley) are redescribed. The larvae of cf. Conchapelopia currani (Walley) and cf. Helopelopia pilicaudata are described.


This is the second of two papers concerned with the situation in which the injectivity radius at certain points of a riemannian manifold is "small" compared to the curvature. In Part I [3], we introduced the concept of an F-structure of positive rank. This generalizes the notion of a torus action, for which all orbits have positive dimension. We showed that if a compact manifold, Y , admits an F-structure of positive rank, then it also admits a family of riemannian metrics, gδ , whose sectional curvatures are uniformly bounded independent of δ and for which the injectivity radius, i (gδ) goes uniformly to zero at all points y e Y , as δ -» 0. Such a sequence is said to collapse with bounded curvature (see Part I for variants and refinements of the above result). In the present paper, we prove a kind of strengthened converse to the collapsing theorem. If y e Y , let \K(y)\ denote the maximum of the absolute value of the sectional curvature over τ e A2(Ty(Y )). Theorem 0.1. There exist constants c{(n), c2(n) > 0 such that if Y n


Abstract Cross-correlation analyses of successive satellite images of the ocean surface can provide estimates of surface currents by tracking features of temperature or ocean color. While the technique successfully identifies many true vectors, it also can produce a large number of "rogue" vectors through the erroneous matching of similar-shaped surface features. Several techniques have been suggested to detect these rogue vectors and eliminate them from the analyses. These include nearest-neighbor matching, velocity filtering, and limits on the minimum cross-correlation coefficient that is acceptable. A pair of concurrent Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) images of the Leeuwin Current off the west coast of Australia is used to show that a new technique, based on reciprocity, outperforms other techniques in many situations. The reciprocal technique allows a low correlation coefficient threshold to be set thereby increasing the number of good vectors obtained while also removing those vector...


The invention belongs to the field of automatic machines, and relates to a PTC element supplying mechanism structure of an automatic PTC heating core assembling machine. The automatic PTC heating core assembling machine comprises an insulating thin film belt conveying workbench and a PTC element conveying workbench. The PTC element supplying mechanism structure comprises a PTC element supplying and shaping mechanism. The PTC element supplying mechanism structure is characterized in that the PTC element supplying and shaping mechanism comprises a PTC element stock box fixing base, a material pushing plate action cylinder, a material pushing plate, a PTC element shaping and arranging plate, a positioning base, a PTC element shaping motor, a PTC element shaping screw, a PTC element shaping block nut and a PTC element box. PTC elements are sequentially supplied to the bottom of a PTC element stock box inserting cavity through a PTC element storing cavity, the PTC elements are pushed to the PTC element shaping and arranging plate through the material pushing plate, the PTC elements are orderly arranged between the PTC element shaping block and a PTC element blocking leg through a PTC element surface block to be obtained through a PTC element transferring mechanism on the subsequent station. The operating strength of workers is reduced.


The lipid profile of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats treated with ethanol, aqueous and nhexane extracts of Vitex doniana leaves was examined. 45 male wistar rats were divided into nine groups of five rats each. The animals were made diabetic with the intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (50mg/kg) and the extracts were administered orally once a day at a dose of 200mg/kg for a period of 4 weeks. In these groups, fasting blood glucose (FBS), change in body weight, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride, were determined in the blood and serum respectively. The effect of the extracts was compared with an antidiabetic drug 'Glibenclamide'. The results revealed that the extracts treatment restored the elevated blood glucose level and lipid peroxidation to normal; produced 45.7%, 51.8% and 63.3% decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C respectively in the treated rats when compared with the diabetic control. The extracts also prevented the diabetes-induced decrease in body weight of rats and HDL-C compared to the diabetic control. The results of the present study demonstrate that the extracts were able to alleviate elevations in lipid profile and oxidative stress induced by streptozotocin in albino rats.


In the search for serum markers of hepatocellular cancer, several studies try to find a noninvasive marker for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to facilitate the diagnosis and avoid the harmful complications of liver biopsy. Investigators have focused on Golgi protein 73 (GP73); also known as Golgi membrane protein 1 (Golm1) or Golgi Phosphoprotein 2 (Golph2) as non-invasive, available and inexpensive marker for the diagnosis of HCC. The present study aimed to evaluate the serum GP-73 mRNA expression as a marker for HCC diagnosis among Egyptian patients versus alpha fetoprotein. Subjects and Methods: The patients selected from the Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department and from Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit of Internal Medicine Department, Benha University Hospital. Subjects were classified into three groups: Group I : Included 20 apparently healthy subjects. Group II: Included 20 cirrhotic patients and not complicated by HCC, Group III: Included 40 patients diagnosed as liver cirrhosis complicated by HCC. The serum Golgi Protein 73 (GP73) mRNA was determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR. Results: GP-73mRNA was highly significant higher in HCC patients in comparison to cirrhotic and the control group (P < 0.001). ROC for AFP revealed that the best cut-off value is (>48ng/ml), at this point the sensitivity was 90 %, specificity was 90% and AUC was 0.96. However the ROC for GP-73mRNA expression revealed that the best cut-off value is (>5.11) at this point the sensitivity was 97.5%, specificity was 100% and AUC was 0.99. In conclusion, increased GP-73 mRNA expression could be associated with the presence of HCC and the serum Gp73 mRNA expression was more sensitive and more specific than AFP.


Abstract We used five years of recapture data and Bayesian estimation to assess seasonal survival, movement, and growth of Oregon Spotted Frogs (Rana pretiosa) relocated into created ponds at Dilman Meadow in Oregon, USA. We evaluate hypotheses specific to the relocation and elucidate aspects of R. pretiosa life history that are poorly known. The odds of survival of relocated individuals during the first year following relocation were 0.36 times the survival odds of relocated and non-relocated frogs after one year since the relocation. Survival rate was higher for large frogs. After accounting for frog size, we found little variation in survival between ponds at Dilman Meadow. Survival was lowest for males during the breeding/post-breeding redistribution period, suggesting a high cost of breeding for males. The highest survival rates occurred during winter for both genders, and one small spring was used heavily during winter but was used rarely during the rest of the year. Individual growth was higher in ponds that were not used for breeding, and increased with increasing pond age. Our study supports other evidence that R. pretiosa use different habitats seasonally and are specific in their overwintering habitat requirements. Because frogs were concentrated during winter, predator-free overwintering springs are likely to be of particular value for R. pretiosa populations.


Under the background of stable growth,structure adjustment,domestic demand expansion,concentrated land use has become urgent affairs.In accordance with industrial policy strictly,strengthening rural collective construction land transfer,implementing urban and rural construction using land,land use efficiency has been imroved and the economical and intensive use of land has been promoted.But there still occurrs some problems,such as land saving and intensive use level is not high and land space organizational forms is relatively backward.Thus,land management should be carried out strictly,the mode of land use should be optimized and the intensive use of land should be strengthened.


Summary: Purpose: There are gender differences in the expression of seizures. We tested rhythmic EEG episodes induced by low doses of bicuculline in rats for gender differences. To verify the validity of these discharges as a model of absence seizures in both male and female rats, we tested the antiabsence drug ethosuximide (ESM) and a γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABAB)‐receptor agonist, baclofen, which may exacerbate absence seizures.


Economic benefit ofreduchon of deposition in the lower Yellow hiver (including sharing negahvebenefit resulted from the project) and cost for reduction of dopsition works are analyzed usingdyntalc economy analysis method in thes paper. It makes clear the economic inside rate of return(EIRR) of redwhon of deposition by Sanmenxia Project is 12.62% in the total 34 years. Theeconomic net present value (ENPV) of redoctiun of depsition is 79.98×106 yuan and 778.85 ×106yuan respectively if the social discount rate is 12% and 70%.


Antonov S.N., Gabriyelyan S.Z., Mastepanenko M.A., Zorina E.B., Nozdrovický L. (2016): The device of magnetic processing of water for boiler greenhouse. Res. Agr. Eng., 62 (Special Issue): S27–S33. The most part of the heat power equipment in agriculture is maintained with infringement of requirements in rules of technical operation. The scum that does not leave from heating surfaces reduces copper efficiency and increases fuel consumption. Chemical ways of ecological water preparation are not safe and are expensive. Magnetic water preparation has a number of advantages in this way, one of which is the possibility not only to prevent scaling, but also to remove earlier scum. Existing devices of water magnetic processing has a basic deficiency – presence of narrow slot hole backlashes in which the processing is performed. Thus, the productivity of installation and its reliability decreases. Transition from water processing by the basic magnetic stream to dispersion streams eliminates this deficiency. Getting optimum parameters of processing water (the constructional module) is connected with a change of magnetic system design. The crystal-optic way is the most exact at definition of efficiency of processing water by magnetic field.


The purpose of this study was to research the comparative contributions of arithmetic review and consumer mathematics as contents of a general mathematics course for schools that could offer only one general mathematics course at the ninth grade level. Because of the close relationship of the ancillary questions: who should be taught general mathematics and how should general mathematics be taught, these were also considered. The study was performed in a typical rural high school and the population was judged to be typical for general mathematics. Subjects were divided into two treatment groups (arithmetic review and consumer mathematics) and pre- and post- collection of data were carried out to assess changes with regard to the dependent variables post-test scores on a computational skills test, a problem-solving test , a mathematical attitude opinionnaire, and the California Test of Personality--over the duration of the study. Because of differences in mean scores on pre-tests, the covariance method for analysis was used to test for significance of any differences between scores of treatment groups on post-test data. Based on the population and the conditions of this study, the most important conclusions reached were: arithmetic review is a better content than consumer mathematics for a general mathematics class when the primary aim is to obtain an increase in computational skill; consumer mathematics is a better choice of content than arithmetic review for a general mathematics class when the primary aim is to obtain an increase in attitude toward mathematics. Differences were not found to be significant on any other dependent variables.


The paper continues multi-year integrated studies of the numerous taxons of tropical Begonia genus, which allowed us to evaluate the adaptive capacity of the representatives of this genus relying on the revealed morphological, rhythmological and biochemical features. The investigation of antimicrobial activity of intact plants and different fractions of plant extracts allowed us to distinguish several promising representatives of this genus exhibiting activity against a broad range of test microorganisms. The involvement of these plants within phytomodules in child care centers caused a substantial decrease in total microbial contamination of the air. The paper contains results of the experimental investigation of seasonal antimicrobial activity of 13 species, 8 hybrids. The phytoncide activity was measured by exposing the streak cultures of microbial test species bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis, Esсherichia coli and yeast-like fungi Candida albicans to the volatile emissions of plants. It has been established that 95% of begonias are distinguished by the pronounced activity against S. epidermidis bacteria, 48% against E. coli bacteria and 43% against fungi Candida albicans. The seasonal specificity of the antimicrobial action of begonias was detected: the growth of the colonies of S. epidermidis bacteria is inhibited to the highest extent during spring and summer, at the phase of intense growth, while the activity against E. coli is the highest during autumn and winter at the phase of moderate growth. The taxons with clearly pronounced, long-term and universal antimicrobial action to the studied test objects were revealed and recommended for practical planting in various types of indoor environments. The data obtained in the study may serve as the basis for further investigation of the chemical composition of volatile exometabolites by the example of the representatives of Gireoudia and Coelocentrum sections that have exhibited high antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis and E. coli.


We consider the transitions among intragenerational and alternative intergenerational financing and liquidity risk-sharing mechanisms, in an Overlapping Generations model with endogenous levels of long-lived investments. The existence and characterization of a Self-Sustaining Mechanism, stable across generations, are established. The long-run equilibrium outcome, in a Proposal Game across generations, is shown to depend on the risk-aversion and propensity for early liquidity needs of the agents.


Minang Classical texts are stored in various media such as people's memories, in manuscripts, classic Kaba books, and local Minangkabau color drama scripts. The Kaba text remains in the memory of most of the older generation, on certain occasions delivered in traditional performances, such as bakaba performances (barabab, badendang, barandai), and other traditional performances. The text stored in the manuscript is written in Arabic-Malay script. The process of repeated copying causes the manuscript to come in various forms and many versions. Another form of written Kaba text is a revitalization work, written in Latin script based on the memory of the author. The Kaba tells about oral Kaba and contemporary works in the form of transformations of stories and values that try to stimulate the reader's rationality to digest them. This form on the one hand weakens the image of the text and old cultural values in the public's view. However, on the other hand, this form motivates the community, especially the younger generation to pay attention and learn again about the ancestral culture that has become the norm in the old society and make judgments about which values need to be passed on to the next generation.


In [6], the principal aim is to generalize, under the same hypotheses, earlier results obtained by Mena and Roth [4], Thanh [5], Lochan and Strauss [3] and Ercan and Wickstead [2]. More precisely, it is shown that the assumption in the earlier papers on the uniform completeness is not necessary. Moreover, we give a response to [1]. Unfortunately, some typographical errors were introduced. (1) The statement of Theorem 4, page 270, is incorrect as given. So, we replace in the statement of Theorem 4, page 270 the condition 'T (λe) = λT (e) for each λ ∈ R+' by 'T (λe) = λT (e) for each λ ∈ R'. No changes need to be made in the proof. (2) The same thing for the statement of Corollary 6, page 270. So, we replace in the statement of Corollary 6, page 270 the condition 'T (λe) = λT (e) for each λ ∈ R+' by 'T (λe) = λT (e) for each λ ∈ R'. This has no effect on its proof. We only just add in page 271, line 7 the following paragraph: Since β ∈ R+, it follows that −T (−βg) = sup((−T (−βg)) ∧ nT (e)) = sup(− [(T (−βg)) ∨ (−nT (e))]) = sup(− [(T ((−βg) ∨ (−ne))]) = sup(− [(T (−((βg) ∧ (ne)))]). Since (βg) ∧ (ne) ∈ Ae and since T is linear on Ae, it follows that −T (−βg) = sup(− [(T (−((βg) ∧ (ne)))]) = sup(− − [(T (((βg) ∧ (ne)))]) = sup( [ (T (((βg) ∧ (ne)))]) = T (βg). Consequently, T (−βg) = −T (βg) = −βT (g).


The human brain has numerous abilities. It is a self-learning system that adapt itself to its environment and circumstances. Cognition has to do with how a person understands the world and acts in it. It is the set of mental abilities that are part of nearly every human action while we are awake. Cognitive abilities are brain based skills we need to carry out any task from the simplest to the most complex. They have more to do with the mechanism of how we learn, remember, problem-solve and pay attention rather than with any actual knowledge. One of the cognitive ability is attention-focusing skills, which are necessary to filter out distractions and prioritize received information to determine how much detail from a given sensory input is converted into memory. In this paper, the search is towards finding the brain ability by calculating concentration level of different aged people with mental stress and for mentally challenged too.


Despite the study of the epidemiology of tuberculosis and its co-infection over the past decades, a number of questions remain, including those related to the impact of co-infection on survival depending on the chosen tuberculosis treatment regimen, the likelihood of adverse outcomes in the form of gastrointestinal bleeding and cirrhosis of the liver and their relationship with the therapy of the underlying disease. The purpose of the study: to evaluate the survival of patients with tuberculosis who have co-infection (viral hepatitis B and C) and receive multicomponent chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: The study included all patients who received treatment for active tuberculosis and had viral hepatitis B and/or C from 01/01/2004 to 12/31/2020. A total of 1687 patients were included. Twenty-two patients were lost to follow-up, and attempts to ascertain their clinical status were unsuccessful. Vital status was assessed in all patients. The mean duration of follow-up was 10.5±3.0 years. Median follow-up was 11.3 years (95% confidence interval (CI) 8.2-14.3). The average age of the cohort was 53.3±7.7 years. The study assessed survival and all-cause mortality annually. Results: The frequency of chronic hepatitis B in the group of patients with active tuberculosis was 3.8%, hepatitis C - 14.8%, hepatitis B and C - 0.5% of cases. Such an incidence of viral hepatitis is associated with a high frequency of illicit drug users (62.4%). It should be noted that the frequency of hepatitis treatment was low and amounted to 8.7%. When assessing the contribution of hepatitis B and C to the mortality of patients with active tuberculosis, it was found that hepatitis is not a predictor of death in patients. At the same time, patients who did not receive hepatitis therapy had a higher risk of death (unadjusted odds ratio (OR) - 1.28, 95% CI 1.04-1.65). The adjusted OR for hepatitis B was - 1.87 95% CI 0.67-1.52, C - 1.24 95% CI 0.90-2.18, B and C - 1.72 95% CI 0.99-2.02. Conclusion: The presence of chronic viral hepatitis B and/or C in patients with active tuberculosis did not affect mortality from all causes and regardless of the type of virus during a long period of observation. Patients who did not receive treatment for viral hepatitis and who had a history of tuberculosis had a higher risk of death from all causes (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.04-1.65).


The task of improving the productivity from the forests and their protection and extension on degraded areas have acquired national priority in India today. A sound research base is essential for the efficient management of the forests and to develop innovative approaches in their better management for higher productivity. Realising this the Central Government had established an Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) to oversee and co-ordinate the research work in the country. Five new Institutes have also been opened at Jabalpur, Jodhpur, Jorhat, Bangalore and Coimbatore. There is need at the national level to develop a system oriented planning framework for better resource allocation, control, monitoring and execution of research work. This paper deals with these issues and gives a framework for planning forestry research in India.


The necessity of revision of GJB346-87 standard is proposed and analyzed to satisfy the requirement of modern fuze safety system development. The principal standard revision working is discussed. The basic structural diagram of fuze safety system failure tree analysis is researched and established, which provides some practical value to safety and reliability of fuze.


Some patients fulfilling the criteria for the diagnosis of multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block (MMN‐CB) at the onset of disease may subsequently develop a sensory loss associated with electrophysiological sensory abnormalities. The latter could represent an overlap between MMN‐CB and multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor (MADSAM) neuropathy. The objective was to specify the features of MMN‐CB with sensory loss (MMN‐CB‐Se). Five patients in a series of 11 consecutive patients who fulfilled the criteria of the American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine for MMN‐CB at the first examination and were treated periodically with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) developed sensory loss in the course of the disease. In these five patients we compared the clinical, laboratory, and electrophysiological features found after the development of sensory loss with those at the first examination. The mean time to appearance of objective sensory signs was 7.2 years. In three of the five patients the sensory loss was preceded by intermittent paresthesias in the same nerve territories as the motor involvement. The most frequent electrophysiological abnormality was amplitude reduction of sensory nerve action potentials. There were no bilateral or symmetrical clinical and electrophysiological sensory abnormalities. Anti‐GM1 IgM antibodies were positive in four patients. MMN‐CB‐Se could be an overlap between MMN‐CB and MADSAM. It shares the distribution of the sensory disorders encountered in MADSAM, but it is closer to MMN‐CB on clinical and therapeutic levels. Study of more patients would be useful to classify this subgroup more accurately. Muscle Nerve, 2009


"Reproductive" cloning and "therapeutic" or "research" cloning are both deliberate attempts to create humans that are genetically identical. Human reproductive cloning in general is prohibited by a number of international and regional agreements, including the Charter of Fukushima, the Additional Protocol of the Council of Europe to the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine, the World Health Organization resolutions on the implications of cloning for human health, and the Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights. However, there are some countries that want to explore therapeutic cloning and cannot, therefore, support a general ban on cloning. This paper aims to review the legal position of human cloning in the UK and France and further compares the issue between the two countries. the legal position of human cloning in the UK and France, it is clear that both countries were initially against the idea and concept of human cloning in general. Human cloning is a much-needed technology, especially in these modern times. Every day we encounter new diseases and illnesses, so human cloning is essential to help us be better prepared for the future.


We perform first-principles electronic structure calculations for the lead-free perovskite SnTiO3. Structural optimization is carried out to get the stable tetragonal P4mm structure. Frozen-phonon calculation shows the lattice instability at the centrosymmetric tetragonal P4/mmm structure and the local stability of the P4mm structure. By using the Berry-phase method, the electric polarization and the piezoelectric coefficients are evaluated and found to be comparable with those of PbTiO3.


Bacterial secretion systems often employ molecular chaperones to recognize and facilitate export of their substrates. Recent work demonstrated that a secreted component of the type VI secretion system (T6SS), haemolysin co‐regulated protein (Hcp), binds directly to effectors, enhancing their stability in the bacterial cytoplasm. Herein, we describe a quantitative cellular proteomics screen for T6S substrates that exploits this chaperone‐like quality of Hcp. Application of this approach to the Hcp secretion island I‐encoded T6SS (H1‐T6SS) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa led to the identification of a novel effector protein, termed Tse4 (type VI secretion exported 4), subsequently shown to act as a potent intra‐specific H1‐T6SS‐delivered antibacterial toxin. Interestingly, our screen failed to identify two predicted H1‐T6SS effectors, Tse5 and Tse6, which differ from Hcp‐stabilized substrates by the presence of toxin‐associated PAAR‐repeat motifs and genetic linkage to members of the valine‐glycine repeat protein G (vgrG) genes. Genetic studies further distinguished these two groups of effectors: Hcp‐stabilized effectors were found to display redundancy in interbacterial competition with respect to the requirement for the two H1‐T6SS‐exported VgrG proteins, whereas Tse5 and Tse6 delivery strictly required a cognate VgrG. Together, we propose that interaction with either VgrG or Hcp defines distinct pathways for T6S effector export.


(57) Abstract: The present invention is an aerosol dispensing device (1), in particular having a controlled metered dispensing function, then measuring chamber for holding a volume to be aerosolized (7) and tank (3) in fluid communication, to an aerosol dispensing device which enables intimate mixing of the aerosolized volume next dispensed.


I speak to you tonight as an ex-administrator attempting to remember some of the intellectual activities that came to his notice in earlier years at the Library of Congress and UNESCO, and which in the setting of the present time seem worthy of attention. It has seemed to me for a long time that mankind has been moving toward one-worldness in fact and to a lesser extent in spirit and in institutions. It has also seemed to me important to speed up the process of creating one world in spirit and of going the necessary distance to create institutions of a world-wide character to suppress the causes of war.


We present a methodology for analyzing the Eliassen‐Palm (E‐P) flux in the troposphere and stratosphere using GPS radio occultation data from the COSMIC project. In this methodology, geopotential height and temperature are mapped on constant pressure surfaces using a Bayesian interpolation scheme with a spherical harmonic basis, and the components of the E‐P flux are evaluated using geostrophic winds. We perform a simulation‐analysis study using the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis as truth. E‐P fluxes are evaluated daily, and it is found that patterns of E‐P flux are estimated faithfully, and extrema in the vertical and horizontal components are underestimated by 5–10% and by 30–40%, respectively. Monthly hemispheric averages of the vertical component of the E‐P flux at the tropopause can be estimated to <5%. The error is due to the geostrophic approximation and spatial coverage, mostly the latter: COSMIC GPS radio occultation only resolves atmospheric eddies with scales greater than 1000 km on a daily basis.


This paper presents the recognition of handwritten Hindi numerals. The recognition is based on the modified exponential membership function fitted to the fuzzy sets derived from features consisting of normalized distances obtained using the Box approach. The exponential membership function is modified by two structural parameters that are estimated by optimizing the entropy subject to the attainment of membership function to unity. The optimization strategy used is the foraging model of E.coli bacteria. Two window sizes are used: one for ( ) and another for the rest of the numerals. Experimentation is carried out on a limited database of nearly 3500 samples. The overall recognition is found to be 96%.


Robotic task instructions often involve a referred object that the robot must locate (ground) within the environment. While task intent understanding is an essential part of natural language understanding, less effort is made to resolve ambiguity that may arise while grounding the task. Existing works use vision-based task grounding and ambiguity detection, suitable for a fixed view and a static robot. However, the problem magnifies for a mobile robot, where the ideal view is not known beforehand. Moreover, a single view may not be sufficient to locate all the object instances in the given area, which leads to inaccurate ambiguity detection. Human intervention is helpful only if the robot can convey the kind of ambiguity it is facing. In this article, we present DoRO (Disambiguation of Referred Object), a system that can help an embodied agent to disambiguate the referred object by raising a suitable query whenever required. Given an area where the intended object is, DoRO finds all the instances of the object by aggregating observations from multiple views while exploring & scanning the area. It then raises a suitable query using the information from the grounded object instances. Experiments conducted with the AI2Thor simulator show that DoRO not only detects the ambiguity more accurately but also raises verbose queries with more accurate information from the visual-language grounding.


Three classes of receptors for the Fc portionof human IgG (Fcy R) have beendefined and can be distinguished by several criteria. The high-affinity receptor (Fc y R1) has an average molecular mass of 72 kD, and the two low-affinity receptors (Fc y RII and Fc -1 RIII) have molecular masses of 40 and S(k70 kD. respectively [I , 21. Kecently, the changes occurring during storage in glycoprotein (GP) llb/IIIa and GPIb , which are the main platelet glycoproteins, were investigated using flow cytometry [3,4j. However, changes in the Fc y RII of stored platelets have not yet been reported. We investigated changes in the membrane surface-associated Fc y RII during storage of platelets, using anti-Fc y Rll murine monoclonal antibodies. Blood samples from normal subjects were collcted with 0.11 mol/l trisodium citrate (1:Y) and centrifugend at 200g for 10 min at room temperature to obtain plateChange in Fc y II Receptor during Platelet Storage


Plants and essential oils are used in traditional medicine against parasitic diseases. This review highlights their potential of essential oil as a source of new anti-parasitic compounds. In the present scenario of protozoal infections, new drugs are urgently needed to treat and control infections, which affect millions of people each year. In this review, we are focusing on articles related to antiprotozoal essential oils extracted from plants that have been published during the last years. Essential oils could be promising antiprotozoal agents, opening perspectives to the discovery of more effective drugs of vegetal origin for the treatment of diseases caused by protozoa.


Continuous exposure to 10 and 5 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for one and two months, respectively, increased the susceptibility of squirrel monkeys to airborne Klebsiella pneumoniae as demonstrated by mortality and reduced lung clearance of viable bacteria. The respiratory function was also affected by NO2 exposure. Infectious challenge with influenza virus 24 hours before exposure to 10 ppm was fatal to all monkeys within three days. Infected controls showed symptoms of viral infection but did not succumb to the infection. Exposure to 5 ppm after viral infection produced death in one of three monkeys.


Waveguide power amplifiers systems often include waveguide to micro-strip transitions
which deliver the power to an array of amplifiers without any protection against
possible reflections due to impedance mismatches at the output of the system. Balanced
amplifiers include components called hybrid couplers that can help preventing
the amplifiers being influenced by any reflected waves. Throughout this thesis, the
design of waveguide balanced amplifier designs is performed. Different waveguide
topologies are studied in order to evaluate different possibilities to implement hybrid
couplers and amplifier distributions, keeping the system size as reduced as possible.
After the topology is selected and the hybrid couplers are designed, some amplifier
systems are designed and finally simulated to study the overall system performance


This paper analyses and compares the famous Warshall algorithm,and presents a column-added algorithm,which is faster than Warshall algorithm when the relation matrix of binary relation is sparse.


Not, you will note, The Death of the Book, The Demise of the Novel, or The End of Western Civilisation As We Know It, or any of the other apocalyptic forecasts that have accompanied the onset of the Digital Revolution. I simply want to say that while all of those other forecasts may (or may not) be true, the central change that this new industrial revolution will bring is a radical alteration in the relationship between the Reader and the Word. If we define the business of reading as the ability to absorb argument or narrative developed serially through the interlinking of sentences, paragraphs and pages of text clothed in the authority of being gathered together in a single binding called a book, then this form of reading will become an arcane pursuit (addicts will doubtless form private clubs to pursue the hobby by 2050: ScreenRead will have arrived).


In the report a three variants of coupled-line directional coupler, which can provide simultaneous work at two arbitrary frequencies are considered.


Traditional pulse train de-interleaving methods for radar intercept system are briefly listed. The main principle of content addressable memory (CAM) is discussed. An application of CAM to pulse trains de-interleaving is illustrated. Three design examples of CAM based on Virtex series FPGA are brought forward.


Purpose:To figure out whether camel milk has the ability to alleviate adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats or not.Methods:Rats with adenine-induced chronic renal failure received intragastric administration of camel milk,distilled water or Niaoduqing once a day for 28 consecutive days.As a normal control,normal rats were given distilled water.During this time,the average body weights of all the rats were measured periodically and they were subjected to determination of some blood and urine biochemical parameters,kidney coefficient calculation and renal histopathological observations at the end of administration.Results:Compared with distilled water,camel milk could reduce serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen and urine 24-hour protein levels,regulate Ca and P levels and increase SOD and TP levels in rats with chronic renal failure after 28-day administration.Conclusion:camel milk has remarkable alleviating effect on chronic renal failure in rats.


This Joint Master Degree Project runs under the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Community (Key Action: Learning Mobility of Individual, Action: Student and staff mobility in Joint Master Degrees). The aim of this two-year European Master of Science programme in Food Science, Technology and Business (BiFTec) is to foster innovation and technology in order to cope with future needs and sustainability. The programme is organised in a modular format by three European partner institutions: KU Leuven Technology Campus Gent, Catholic University of Portugal and Anhalt University of Applied Sciences. It is covering on one hand an "as broad as possible" range of food production, processing-related and agribusiness topics, with a horizontal multidisciplinary approach. On the other hand the program is offering a vertical specialisation, with programme units that are teaching state-of-the-art topics dealing with different sectors in food processing, development and business, providing access to performing research in these topics and to professional environments in academia and in industry. Students are required to undertake six compulsory core modules and four optional modules selected from the optional modules listing organised by the institutes with the most expertise in the particular field. The programme will also require the students to complete a semester of professional competence (a specialisation) and work on a scientific project in one of the partner institutions or in an approved workplace and to submit a thesis. Successful graduates are awarded a joint degree by the three consortium partners.


Slow Food is part of a broader backlash against the culture of the global food industry. It has over time managed to transform itself from a somewhat snobbish middle-class gastronomic movement into one that appeals to a broader constituency of environmentalists and people concerned with fair trade and social justice. Groups that were previously relatively separate were thus linked and the reach of the movement extended as they infused existing products with novel meaning.

Keywords:

consumerism;
consumption;
food


Malaysia is considered one of the developing countries undergoing rapid economic development over the past five decades. As a developing country with a rapidly growing population, providing the citizens with comprehensive and updated knowledge is crucial for the country, particularly in vocational training. A number of vocational and technical training have been developed. However, the success of vocational education relies on the capability of instructors or teacher's approach to achieve the goals. It is important to create appropriate method that take into consideration their students' learning styles to get better outcome. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop vocational learning styles instrument. Empirical evidence on the validity and reliability of modified items has been done. A survey of 57 Electrical Technology students were distributed. The Rasch measurement model was used to examine the functional items and detect the item and respondent reliability and index separation, the polarity of item, measuring the fit of item in measuring the construct and standardised residual correlation values.


This study established a method for determination of heavy metals such as Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr,and Mn in soil by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using graphite digestion device.A pretreatment process was confirmed after the pretreatment condition such as digestion system and amount of sample for digestion were optimized.The detection limits are 0.62,0.48,0.45,0.53and 0.50mg/kg for Cu,Cr,Zn,Ni and Mn,respectively.Recoveries are between 96.5%and 105%.RSD are between 0.8%and 2.0%.


Together with the program committee, it is my great pleasure to welcome you to the 15th ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming -- PPoPP '10. This year's symposium continues its tradition of being the premier forum for presentation of research in all aspects of parallel software, including theoretical foundations, programming models, algorithms, applications, and systems software. This research area has seen dramatic growth in recent years as homogeneous and heterogeneous multi-core microprocessors have become mainstream. Therefore making parallel programming more accessible has become essential to the very future of the computing industry.

This dramatic shift in importance of the area was reflected in a record number of 173 submissions from Asia, Europe, Australia and New Zealand, and North and South America, and more than half of these were from outside North America. The program committee accepted 29 papers, covering a broad range of topics from multi-core computing up to scalable high-end computing, parallel algorithms, synchronization and transactional memory. This year saw an increased emphasis on accelerators such as graphics processors, and on tools to support parallel programming such as performance modeling and debugging. Our program also includes 17 poster presentations in similar areas. In addition to papers and posters, we are pleased to include keynote addresses by Tilak Agerwala from IBM on computing at exascale and Arvind from MIT on innovation in computer architecture, and a panel on extreme-scale computing.

To manage the unexpected reviewing load, PPoPP introduced a two-phase review process. Each paper received two program committee reviews in the first phase, and papers with at least one rating above strong reject received an additional one to three reviews, how many depending on existing reviews and the need for more information in the decision process. The program committee meeting was held on September 14, 2009, on the University of Utah campus in Salt Lake City, Utah.


The article deals with the characteristic features of modern terrorism, determines the impact of terrorism on economic activity, investigates the theoretical foundations of the economy of terror. The importance of digital technologies for economic development is substantiated. The essence is revealed and it is proved that the potential of digital technologies is multi-faceted. The authors determine the ability of the potential properties of digital technology, along with stimulating economic growth and prosperity, to produce risks of use for terrorist purposes and terrorist financing, which requires the implementation of certain measures to identify them and ensure effective counteraction to the illegitimate use of digital technologies.