In the last one and a half decades, the generalization of high throughput methods in molecular biology has led to the generation of vast amounts of datasets that unraveled the unfathomed complexity of the cell regulatory mechanisms. The recently published results of the ENCODE project (ENCODE
Project Consortium et al., 2012) demonstrated the extend of these in the human genome and certainly more regulation mechanisms will be discovered in the future. Already, this complexity within a single cell - without taking into account cell-cell interaction or micro-environment influences - cannot be abstracted by the human mind. However, understanding it is the key to devise adapted treatments to genetic diseases or disorders, among which is cancer.
In mathematics, such complex problems are addressed using methods that reduce their complexity, so that they can be modeled in a solvable manner. In biology, it led researchers to develop the concept of systems biology as a mean to abstract the complexity of the cell regulatory network. To date, most of the published studies using high throughput technologies only focus on one kind of regulatory mechanism and hence cannot be used as such to investigate the interactions between these. Moreover, distinguishing causative from confounding factors within such studies is difficult.

These were my original motivations to develop analytical and statistical methods that control for confounding factors effects and allow the integrative and comparative analysis of different kinds of datasets. In fine, three different tools were developed to achieve this goal. First, "customCDF": a tool to redefine the Custom Definition File (CDF) of Affymetrix GeneChips. It results in the increased sensitivity of downstream analyses as these bene
fit from the constantly evolving human genome reference and annotations. Second, "aSim": a tool to simulate microarray data, which was required to benchmark the developed algorithms. Third, for the integrative analysis, a set of combined statistical methods and finally for the comparative analysis, a modification of the integrative analysis approach. These were bundled in the "crossChip" R package.
The "customCDF" and "aSim" tools were first validated on independant datasets. The developed analytical methods ("crossChip") were first validated on "aSim" simulated data and publicly available datasets and then used to answer two biological questions. First, using two retinoblastoma datasets, the effect of genomic copy number variations on gene-expression was investigated. Then, motivated by the fact that retinoblastoma patients have a higher chance to develop osteosarcoma later in life than the average population, datasets of both these tumors were comparatively analyzed to assess these tumors similarities and differences.

Despite a rather limited number of samples within the selected datasets, the developed approaches with their higher sensitivity and sensibility were successful and set the ground for larger scale analyses. Indeed, the integrative analysis applied to retinoblastoma revealed the high importance of the chromosome 6 gain at a later stage of the disease, indicating that many genes on that chromosome are beneficial to cancerogenesis.
Moreover, in comparison to standard microarray analyses, it demonstrated its efficacy at detecting the interplay of regulatory mechanisms: examples of positive and negative compensation of gene expression in lost and gained regions, respectively, as well as examples of antisense transcription, pseudogene and snRNAs regulation were identified in this dataset. The comparative analysis on the other hand revealed the high similarity of the retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma tumors, while at the same time showing that either of them take advantage of their distinct micro-environment and consequently appear to make use of different signaling pathways, PKC/calmodulin in retinoblastoma and GPCR/RAS in osteosarcoma.
The developed tools and statistical methods have demonstrated their validity and utility by giving sensible answers to the two biological questions addressed. Moreover, they generated a large number of interesting hypotheses that need further investigations. And as they are not limited to microarray analysis but can be applied to analyze any high-throughput generated data, they demonstrated the usefulness of "systems biology" approaches to study cancerogenesis.


Variability in the severity of asthma during various phases of the menstrual cycle has been frequently suspected. However, the hormonal changes that might affect mediators of bronchospasm have yet to be elucidated. The case of a 41-year-old woman suffering from longstanding asthma with life-threatening exacerbations is reported. The patient was treated with buserelin, a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue, which created a temporary chemical menopause and thus permitted diagnosis of a premenstrual exacerbation of asthma and offered insight into potential therapy. GnRH analogues may therefore be of value in assessing women with severe asthma suspected to vary with the menstrual cycle. The addition of estrogens and progestins at the same time as treatment with GnRH analogue may be of value in determining the role of these hormones in the pathogenesis of menstrually related exacerbations of asthma.


Disclosed is a novel adamantane derivative compound, an isomer thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a prodrug thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a solvate thereof. In addition, disclosed is a method for preparing the novel adamantane derivative compound, the isomer thereof, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the prodrug thereof, the hydrate thereof, or the solvate thereof. The novel adamantane derivative compound or the like has an excellent androgen inhibitory effect.


The effects of picloram (4-amino 3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) and several other chemicals on root permeability were studied. Initially, effects on cell permeability were investigated by measuring the betacyanin efflux from red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) root sections. Picloram solutions ranging from 10-3M to 10-6M had no significant effect on betacyanin efflux when compared to controls. Similar results were found for 10-4M and 10-5M 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (dicamba), 10-4M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 10 μl/l of ethylene. Compounds that caused significant pigment leakage were 10-4M and 10-5M phenylmercuric acetate (PMA), 10-3M and 10-4M 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), 10-3M and 10-4M 2,4,5–trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and 10-3M 2,4-D.

The effects of picloram on root permeability were also studied with bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Black Valentine) grown in nutrient solution under controlled environmental conditions. Roots treated for 3 hours with 10-5M picloram showed no significant electrolyte leakage as determined by conductivity measurements of the root-bathing solution over a period of 52 hours. When bean plants were root-trated for 3 hours with 10-5M, and 10-7M picloram and then decapitated, increased stem exudation by the treated plants as compared to controls was observed. Xylem exudate of the teated plants also showed increased electrolytic conductivity. The increased exudation rate accompanied by increased conductivity indicates that picloram has little effect on root cell membrane integrity, appears not to act as a metabolic inhibitor in the root system, and in some way stimulates salt secretion into the xylem.


Customers today are faced with various alternatives in choosing a restaurant to suit the interests and needs. Customers do not just buy products but at the same time buy services attached to them. In general, customers will feel good when served with a polite, friendly, with great attention and considered important so that there will be satisfaction in the purchase of goods / services and become loyal to the company. Customer loyalty toward the company is inseparable from the quality of services provided by the company itself. Because high and low quality of services provided by a company will influence customer loyalty towards the company. This study aims to determine the relationship between service quality with customer loyalty. Subjects were customers who come to McDonald's Restaurants Samarinda central Plaza teenage totaling 50 people who were taken by using purposive sampling technique. While the data collection method used is the scale, namely: the scale of service quality and customer loyalty scale. The data analysis method used in this study are product moment correlation technique using a computer system SPSS for Windows version 10.00. From the data analysis shows that there is significant positive relationship between service quality and loyalty of customers to McDonald's Restaurants (r = 0.885 and p = 0.000). This means that the higher the quality of services provided by McDonald's Restaurants the higher the customer loyalty to McDonald's Restaurants. The effective contribution of service quality to customer loyalty is at 78.3% so there is still a contribution of 21.7% from other factors not examined.


The goal of our research is to develop an optimal model of asphalt concrete pavements of bridges under thermal stress. The development of the model was stimulated by the demand to assess the effect of temperature stresses on the destruction of asphalt concrete pavement of bridges while keeping spending to the minimum, which led to the need to choose, if possible, the simplest model. The search was carried out according to the criterion of compliance with the results of numerical modeling in an elastic setting. As a result of the study, we have made the following conclusions: -maximum tensile stresses occur in the upper layers of asphalt concrete; -the increase in stresses caused by the uneven distribution of temperature over the thickness of asphalt concrete does not exceed 7 % in the elastic setting, and taking into account stress relaxation this can be ignored; -an increase in the rigidity of the base under the asphalt concrete layer by a factor of 1000 leads to an increase in stresses of not more than 10 % in the elastic setting, which gives reason to use the considered model for both metal and reinforced concrete bridges.


A general formulation is given for deriving a Kac–Moody algebra in the spectrum space from the infinitesimal regular Riemann–Hilbert transform. Such a Kac–Moody algebra can be obtained for many nonlinear systems, e.g., the (super) principal chiral model with or without a Wess–Zumino–Witten term, the sine‐Gordon, Liouville, and KdV equations; reduced two‐dimensional gravity (Belinski–Zakharov gravity), and self‐dual supersymmetric Yang–Mills theories.


ABSTRACT Universities and surrounding communities stand to benefit when active travel mode choices are elevated. Despite this, there is little research on travel mode choice at commuter universities and, in particular, the nonlinear spatial relationships among active travel potential and various contextual and compositional factors. The purpose of this study was to examine and visualize linkages among personal, household, density, diversity, and design factors, and active travel (bicycling, walking, and mass-transit modes) among a commuter-university population residing throughout southeastern Michigan, USA. This was accomplished by employing exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. The GWR model outperformed the traditional OLS model in terms of goodness of fit (R2 = .534 and R2 = .461, respectively). A novel cartographic mapping technique was employed to depict where statistically significant parameter estimates negatively or positively influenced active travel. The main finding was that personal, household, density, diversity, and design estimates varied in both magnitude and spatiality throughout the university's study area. Interestingly, distance was not a universal barrier to active travel potential. These variations emphasize the importance of promoting active transportation through localized interventions as well as coordinating efforts among universities and surrounding communities.


Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Agricultural University, Cybulskiego 32, 50–205 Wroclaw,PolandThe influence of trialkylleads on haemolysis ofred blood cells (RBCs), growth of Spirodelaoligorrhiza and stability of planar lipid mem-branes (PLMs) at different pH of solution hasbeen studied. The results obtained show that theefficiency of trialkylleads (methyl-, ethyl-, pro-pyl- and butyl-lead chlorides) in modifying thephysiological and mechanical properties of theobjects studied depended both on pH of solutionand hydrophobicity of the compounds. Namely,it was found that this efficiency increased withpH of solution. The most significant increase wasobserved in PLM experiments. Also, the hydro-phobicity of trialkylleads influenced the proper-ties mentioned. The more hydrophobic a com-pound the greater was its haemolytic toxicity.The same applies to the physiological toxicityof the compounds, whose measure was 50%inhibition of plant growth. Generally, thesequence of modifying possibilities of the com-pounds studied at any pH of the solution was thefollowing:tributyllead >tripropyllead >triethyllead >trimethylleadA possible mechanism of the interaction oforganolead species with model and biologicalmembranes is discussed. Copyright # 2001John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Keywords: triorganolead chlorides; erythrocytehaemolysis; physiological toxicity; planar lipidmembranes destabilization; interaction mechan-ism.


Nowadays, soil is subject to severe degradation processes globally, such as erosion, compaction, organic matter decline, loss of biodiversity, salinization, sealing, and pollution. Soil is probably the most undervalued element of nature and an unquestionably critical parameter of waste management, especially in the framework of striving for a sustainable circular economy. On one hand, soil is the carrier of most anthropogenic activities, it accommodates and helps cleanse surface and groundwater, it is home to the planet's biggest material recycling operation, and it is the source of many materials including raw construction materials (i.e. aggregates). On the other hand, soil is the main ultimate waste receptor but also the source of excavated soil generating due to construction activities. Since soil is a fragile and non-renewable resource, at least in our lifetime, soil protection and remediation, when required, is imperative for a sustainable future. Although the key role of soil for a sustainable future has become undeniable, a coherent and strategic policy framework is still missing in many parts of the globe, even in areas with advanced environmental policies, such as the European Union (EU). In particular, the EU used to lack such a policy tool for protecting soil across all EU Member States adequately, since the draft Soil Framework Directive that was submitted in 2006 was finally withdrawn in 2014. Therefore, soil policy was mainly shaped by an obsolete soil strategy and provisions in several other policy instruments (e.g. the Industrial Emissions Directive and the Environmental Liability Directive) that however do not effectively satisfy the needs of this very significant issue. As a result, soil is still a national level policy issue managed differently by the member states ranging from advanced to non-existent soil policy. However, at the end of 2021, the new EU Soil Strategy for 2030 was published, following the objectives of the European Green Deal and aspires to contribute to a sustainable soil management policy in the EU (European Commission, 2021). In particular, the new EU Soil Strategy introduces the aspect of 'healthy soil' and sets out a framework and concrete measures to protect and restore soils and ensure the sustainable use of soil by 2050. The vision of the new EU Soil Strategy is by 2050 all EU soil ecosystems to be healthy and thus more resilient. This will undoubtedly require very decisive changes in the short term, for which protection, sustainable use and restoration of soil is becoming the new norm. As a key solution, healthy soils contribute to address our big challenges of achieving climate neutrality and becoming resilient to climate change, developing a clean and circular (bio)economy, reversing biodiversity loss, safeguarding human health, halting desertification, and reversing land degradation. It is obvious that there are numerous links between the new EU Soil Strategy and other EU initiatives related to waste management, such as the Farm to Fork Strategy, the Biodiversity and Chemical Strategies, the Zero Pollution Action Plan, and the Circular Economy Action Plan. The most obvious among them are (a) the remediation of contaminated sites, mostly generated by neglectful waste management and (b) the safe, sustainable, and circular use of excavated soil, one the most significant waste streams worldwide generated in construction projects. Both issues are discussed in more detail below. Soil is a complex three-phase system of the earth, including a solid, a liquid, and/or a gas phase in soil's pores, which might range from very soft organic deposits through less compressible clays and sand to soft rock. As the field of accommodating numerous essential socioeconomic and inevitably contaminating anthropogenic activities, soil has been the ultimate sink for many pollutants, mainly due to neglectful waste management. The extend of the above-noted environmental disorders is vividly portrayed if one bears in mind that potentially polluting local activities (point-sources) have taken or are still taking place on approximately 2.8 million sites in the EU alone. Globally, dumpsites receive roughly 40% of the world's waste serving 3–4 billion people and are a serious threat for the environment and the human health. The complexity of the problem along with the enormous cost that soil remediation requires, render contaminated soil management a real challenge for environmental professionals and society altogether. The situation is even more complex for diffuse soil pollution, since there are no data on the extent of widely detected soil contaminants, such as POPs, microplastics, veterinary products/pharmaceuticals, and emerging contaminants. In addition, most chemicals remain undetected in the soil because only a very small fraction of all chemicals is screened in standard soil analyses, and only few substances are regulated under national legislations, even in the most advanced countries. In addition, the fate, behaviour, and (eco)toxicological effects of emerging contaminants (such as PFAS) are not well understood yet. Therefore, even countries with wide experience and advanced legislative frameworks, have a long a way to go to ensure a sustainable soil management reality. It is obvious that this very complex environmental management topic requires a clear and robust legislative framework that is still missing even in areas with advanced environmental policy, such as the EU. As a result, soil management frameworks that have been built in different EU Member States, mainly since New European Union soil strategy: A potential worldwide tool for sustainable waste management and circular economy 1079114WMR0010.1177/0734242X221079114Waste Management & ResearchEditorial editorial2022


This study examines the effects of scheduled macroeconomic news announcements on the implied risk-neutral distribution (RND) from option prices. Using the KOSPI200 index options market as the sample market, this study investigates whether the implied RND responds to scheduled macroeconomic news announcements from South Korea and the US. We select six important macroeconomic news announcements each for South Korea and the US and classify them as good news and bad news according to the KOSPI200 index return on the day of the announcement. We use two parametric methods to recover the RND and conduct regression analyses at daily, hourly, and 5-min intervals. The analysis provided several noteworthy results. First, the RND responds to most of the macroeconomic news announcements, but its response disappears within a day in many cases. Second, the longevity of the response depends on the type of news. Third, the implied volatility tends to increase, and the RND tends to become less leptokurtic after news announcements. Fourth, the RND tends to become less (more) negatively skewed after a good (bad) news announcement. Finally, there is no clear evidence of the information contents regarding the effect of news announcements in the RND.


A test system for electrical parts for evaluating the quality of an insulated electrical part comprises a computer-controlled switching device for automatically supplying an initial voltage to the electric part in accordance with the predetermined test pattern that has been received from the computing device and providing a voltage to each phase asks the part after another while the other phases of the part to be grounded. The system further includes a high frequency filter for receiving said original voltage, for receiving a load voltage which it emanates from the electric part in response that the part receives the original voltage, and for filtering out the original voltage of the load voltage to an arbitrary partial discharge voltage to isolate, which is added by the electrical part to the original voltage, while the part is electrified by the initial voltage, which provides a filtered signal. The system also includes the computing device to receive the filtered signal from the high-frequency filter, indicating any partial discharge voltage, which was isolated by the filter, for comparing a peak amplitude of the partial discharge starting voltage with a voltage threshold, and the tested as to the quality of the electrical part, is to determine based on the comparison. Further, a high-speed digitizer is provided for processing the partial discharge voltage before supplying to the computing device for analysis.


Mathematics is a precise effective method of communication that is used in science as well as everyday life. Beside mathematics being a means of communication, words are also an exacting means of communication. These conventions have been developed over the millennia and are so well accepted that they in a way tie our hands. With that, there is the unresolved difficulty in defining fundamental interactions by what they are while using the only two tools at our disposal.


Validating data from driving simulator studies is important to any research program that intends to generate design recommendations based on the data collected. Direct validation is often difficult, as driving simulators are frequently used to put drivers in conditions too dangerous to test on the road. This is particularly true for crash avoidance research. Although numerous crash avoidance studies have been conducted using simulators, test tracks, and field experiments, few crash avoidance simulator studies have been designed to include a specific validation study on a test track or on public roads. With this in mind, this paper compares data collected in the Iowa Driving Simulator (IDS) to test track data collected by the Collision Avoidance Metrics Partnership (CAMP). CAMP is a partnership established by Ford and General Motors to accelerate the implementation of automotive crash avoidance countermeasures and to define pre-competitive enabling elements. This study was designed to duplicate a series of test track experiments that were part of the CAMP program. Comparisons were made between braking responses across simulator and test track studies.


The densities of the compounds were measured by flotation in a CaBr3/n-C6Hl4 mixture. Intensity data were corrected for Lorentz and polarization effects. Only a unique data set was collected. The structure was solved by Patterson methods and subsequent Fourier synthesis maps. The data refined with isotropic displacement parameters were corrected for absorption. A weighting scheme of type w = wl.w2 with w~ = kl/(a +blFol) 2 and w2 = k2/(c + dsinO/A + esin20/)O was used to obtain flat dependence in (wA2F} versus (Fo) and versus (sin0/A} (PESOS; Martfnez-Ripoll & Cano, 1975). The coefficients used were kl = 0.403; k2 = 0.792; a = 1.369, b = -0.518 for IFol 21.58; c = 7.986, d = -35.299, e = 40.918 for sin0/A 0.73. The non-H atoms were refined anisotropically. All H atoms were clearly visible in a difference Fourier synthesis and were refined isotropically. Most calculations were carded out using the XRAY76 system (Stewart, Machin, Dickinson, Ammon, Heck & Hack, 1976) running on a MicroVAX II computer.


We decompose the impacts of five drivers of energy use and CO2 emissions in achieving climate change goals over 2005-2100 for various climate policy scenarios. This study contributes to the decomposition literature in three ways. First, it disaggregates drivers of energy demand into technological progress and demand for energy services allowing us to estimate their contributions independently – an improvement over other economy-wide decomposition studies. Secondly, this approach reduces the ambiguity present in many previous measures of structural change. We delineate structural shifts into two separate measures: changes in fuel mix within a given resource or service; and changes in mix among distinct energy resources or end-use services. Finally, this study applies decomposition methods to energy and emissions trajectories from two mutually informing perspectives: (i) primary energy resources – crude oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear, and renewables; and (ii) end-uses of energy services – residential and commercial buildings, industry, and transportation. Our results show that technological improvements and energy conservation are important in meeting short term and moderate climate goals; and that nuclear and renewable energy and CCS technology are crucial in meeting more stringent goals. We examine the relative roles of the drivers in reducing CO2 emissions separately for developed and developing regions. Although the majority of energy and emissions growth – and by extension the greatest opportunities for mitigation – will occur in developing countries, the decomposition shows that the relative roles of the five drivers are broadly consistent between these two regions. While similar decompositions have been conducted on historical data, very few have decomposed future scenarios from an integrated assessment model, and at this level of detail.


Cloud computing has emerged as one of the most challenging topics, discussed among enterprises of IT professionals. Multiple factors influence on cloud computing adoption, and evaluating the impact of organizational factors on cloud computing adoption in SMEs, was determined as the main purpose of this study, which leads to focusing on the TOE framework as a famous theory on the evaluation of IT adoption. Due to the mentioned purpose, organizational context divided into three main factors based on TOE framework. Three sets of critical success factor's criteria were chosen by review of previous studies for each level of the three organizational factor's levels. The proposed framework in this study is comprised of TOE framework, organizational factors and critical success factors criteria, which will be helpful for small and medium size enterprises which aim to evaluate their organizational condition for adopting the cloud based services. This framework has been examined empirically on 20 SMEs in Iran which apply cloud computing. Results after data analysis indicated that top management support, firm size, and technology readiness have a positive effect of adopting cloud based services in SMEs.


In this article, I preliminarily examined the concept and category, core contents, research direction and method of "Gimcheon studies".
Gimcheon studies is a regional study. The target is Gimcheon local culture. The Gimcheon local culture is the total of all types of elements that the Gimcheon people have achieved in the fields of nature, geography, history, cultural heritage, people, religion, life, language and literature, within the time range and space range. In the end, I defined the study of this as Gimcheon studies.
In particular, I proposed 'Choisongseoldang', 'Gammunkug', 'Socialist Movement'as the main contents to be dealt with in Gimcheon Studies.
In addition, I argued that the direction and method of Gimcheon should be establishing a correct identity through an accurate understanding of the uniqueness and universality of Gimcheon area, pursuing a holistic study that harmonizes with the integration between disciplines, and presenting a local policy and direction with practical availability, a future-oriented approach by analyzing past history and current status in time, an objective and balanced study, and a comparative study with other regions.
And Gimcheon studies, which includes all the characteristics of Gimcheon's local culture, as this actually prog resses, it will be created and established.


Liver steatosis is becoming increasingly common in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and its effect on liver stiffness measurement (LSM), as assessed by transient elastography, remains controversial. Seven hundred and fifty‐five patients with CHB and normal serum alanine aminotransferase levels, who underwent vibration‐controlled transient elastography and liver biopsy, were included in the study. We examined whether the histological degree of liver steatosis affects the accuracy of transient elastography‐assessed LSM in these patients. Among the 755 CHB patients included in the study, 286 (37.9%) had liver steatosis, of whom 156 had grade S1, 74 had grade S2, and 56 had grade S3 on histology. Presence of liver steatosis was independently associated with greater body mass index (BMI, adjusted‐odds ratio [OR] = 5.786, 95% CI: 3.998–8.373, p = 0.018), and higher serum total cholesterol (adjusted‐OR = 7.944, 95% CI: 4.731–13.339, p < 0.001) and triglyceride levels (adjusted‐OR = 2.777, 95% CI: 2.050–3.761, p < 0.001). There was no significant association between liver steatosis and fibrosis stage (OR = 1.016, 95% CI: 0.905–1.140, p = 0.790). Age (B‐coefficient = 0.020, 95% CI: 0.001–0.040, p = 0.044), BMI (B‐coefficient = 0.060, 95% CI: 0.011–0.127, p = 0.019), serum gamma‐glutamyl‐transpeptidase (GGT, B‐coefficient = 0.015, 95% CI: 0.001–0.029, p = 0.032), positivity for HBeAg (B‐coefficient = −0.816, 95% CI: −1.568 to −0.064, p = 0.034), as well as liver fibrosis stage (B‐coefficient = 2.796, 95% CI: 2.501–3.090, p < 0.001), and inflammation activity grade (B‐coefficient = 0.648, 95% CI: 0.162–1.135, p = 0.009) were all independently associated with higher LSM, while no significant association was found between degree of liver steatosis and LSM. Among patients with the same histological fibrosis stage, LSM values did not show any significant difference among patients with absent, mild, moderate or severe steatosis. We conclude that liver steatosis has no significant effect on transient elastography‐measured LSM in CHB patients with normal serum alanine aminotransferase levels.


The problem of optimal polygon approximation of a discrete planar curve is addressed in this paper. Towards this end, an optimal algorithm using the progressive polygon approximation approach is proposed for a given acceptable approximation error and initial vertex. The proposed algorithm is optimal because it determines the minimal number of edges for a given approximation error tolerance. The proposed scheme can be extended to the approximation of digital contours wherein the contour points and the polygon vertices are restricted to the integer plane Z/sup 2/.


Michigan crash data from 1997 through 2002 were analyzed for trends and patterns in motorcycle crashes. Over the 6-year period, the number of motorcycles registered in Michigan increased by 45%; licensed motorcyclists increased by 8%; and motorcycle crashes increased by 20%. The largest increases in licensed motorcyclists were among those age 45-64. In 2002, there were 15.4 crashes per 1,000 registered motorcycles, a 18% decrease from 1997; and 5.9 crashes per 1,000 licensed motorcyclists, a 12% increase from 1997. The highest crash rate was among motorcyclists below age 19, and the lowest was among those over age 64. About 44% of crash-involved motorcyclists were not legally licensed to operate a motorcycle. The proportion of unlicensed motorcyclists among crash-involved motorcyclists varied by age, with the largest proportion among those below age 19. The number of fatal motorcycle crashes in which a driver had been drinking increased by 28% from 1997 through 2002, but the proportion of fatal crashes among had-been-drinking crashes decreased from 47% in 1997 to 29% in 2002. The number of crashes involving motorcyclists, age 45-64 who had been drinking increased by 71%. Helmet use among crash-involved motorcyclists increased from 94% in 1997 to 97% in 2002. The high proportion of unlicensed motorcyclists was identified as a problem that should be addressed by public information and special enforcement programs.


For many Christians spirituality and sexuality are kept in separate compartments of life, limiting both spiritual formation and adult sexual development. This study explored a concept of sacred sexuality, how it might fit into adult sexual development, how it might be expressed across path preferences, and its association with sexual satisfaction. A nonrandom convenience sample of adults was recruited to measure the relationship and strength between the prevalence of sacred qualities during sexual episodes and sexual satisfaction using a multiple regression analysis. It was determined that sacred qualities uniquely predicted a significant portion (12%) of sexual satisfaction after accounting for dyadic adjustment. This study can assist clinicians and spiritual directors in advancing the sexual welfare of their communities, leading to a sexuality that is truly salt and light in the world.


The RCN and the British Medical Association have been invited to take part in discussions with NHS managers over local pay.


I argue that a broad reading of the infrastructure landscape of the contemporary United States opens space to see how slavery affects our current geographies. By focusing on infrastructure—the roads, ports, rail lines, and buildings, among other examples—built by enslaved people, we can locate slavery in contemporary landscapes. By focusing on the built environment, we can also understand the centrality of slavery in making the U.S. nation-state. Perhaps most geographically significant, the modern infrastructure landscape built through enslaved labor generates existing wealth for individuals and corporations. If, for instance, the infrastructure built through slavery is still generating income, are there ways to capture that income and redistribute it to individuals or communities through reparative justice frameworks? This approach to addressing inequities within the U.S. economy can serve as a form of reparations and might help address fundamental economic inequities within the United States.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a method for the assessment of library space use and user experience by combining seating studies, surveys and observational data.

Design/methodology/approach

Seating usage studies (called seating sweeps), technology-assisted face-to-face surveys and observational data were used to assess library space usage and identify user behaviors.

Findings

Results from the study revealed higher library use than expected and provided insight into user behaviors and patterns.

Practical implications

The methods and study described aid in raising awareness of user experience within library spaces and provide valuable data for space redesign efforts.

Originality/value

The study builds upon methods described by Linn (2013) and combines traditional user experience methodologies to gain insight into library space use and user needs.


Water distribution systems and household plumbing contain numerous brass components. Most such components in service are leaded brass and hence comprise a potential source of Pb in compliance testing under the Lead and Copper Rule. For households, the two components with the greatest potential to affect Pb content of tap samples are faucets and meters. Typical brasses used in these applications are alloys of Cu, Zn, and Pb with small amounts of other metals such as Sn. The Pb content is typically 2 to 8 %, and these can be marketed as "lead free". In true no-lead brasses, Bi and Se are used in place of Pb (http://www.envirobrass.com). The addition of Pb or Bi is made to improve the machinability of the brass.


Aim: This study aims at comparative evaluation of gingival displacement obtained using three retraction systems - Expasyl (one paste), Magic foam cord (two paste) and Medicated retraction cord, taking depth and width of gingival sulcus as the parameters.Material and Methods: Six ty subjects were selected requiring metal ceramic restorations. Twenty subjects were allotted to each group namely Expasyl, Magic foam cord and Medicated retraction system respectively. Flexible scales were used to measure sulcus depth before and after application of each retraction technique. The readings were recorded using an intra oral camera. Once tooth preparation was done impressions were made before retraction and after retraction. Impressions were poured with Type –IV die stone. They were sectioned in the mid- buccal region and evaluated under binocular light microscope with '10X' magnification.Results: The mean vertical gingival retraction with expasyl retraction system was 0.72mm, medicated retraction cord was 0.49mm and of Magic foam cord was 0.38mm, at 5% level of significance. Mean gingival retraction width with Expasyl retraction system was 0.37mm, 0.29mm with Medicated retraction cord and 0.26mm with that of Magic foam cord, with 5% level ofsignificance. One way ANOVA and multiple range test by tukey –HSD were used to analyse the data.Conclusion: Expasyl produced ma ximum retraction and consumed least time while Magic foam cord has the ease of manipulation and maximum tissue friendliness. Medicated retraction cords have effective retraction but are skill dependent.


Energetic thin films have use in many technologies and are currently fabricated as either pressed pellets that suffer from low packing density, or expensive physical vapor deposition techniques. The stringent material and structuring requirements that make these films effective limit the fabrication and material choices. My aim was to investigate the design of a new fabrication process, using some of the current best commercially available films as a design guide while reducing the process cost. These films are nanostructured aluminum and nickel compounds. Electrochemical codeposition allows for fabrication of a multi-phase film at low temperatures with high control over the structuring and composition. Because of the ratio of the components that are desired in the film, it is necessary that the matrix phase be aluminum and the particle phase be nickel, where the free floating particles are incorporated into the growing electrodeposited matrix metal. The particles become incorporated based on the number of particles in solution as well as fluid flow in the


"Separation of management, operation and assessment" is a significant policy put forward by the Chinese government and it is also a basic component of achieving modern education governance in China. However, the implementation process is confronted with many difficulties because of lacking guidance and experiences. To solve the existed problems, the research is conducted to analyze its deep implication, historical development, current opportunities and challenges. Through literature review, investigation and comparison, some effective suggestions are provided to push forward the policy. It is concluded that the government should manage in a macro and indirect way; schools should stimulate their operation vitality on the autonomy status and social organizations should participate in the assessment activity on the premise of fairness as well as openness. Keywords—policy; definition; opportunity; challenge; strategy


We used generalized estimating equations to quantify the impact of recent vaccination or intercurrent infections on immune and inflammatory biomarkers among 144 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults with HIV RNA < 50 copies/mL on antiretroviral therapy. These events were associated with a 2.244 µg/mL increase in high sensitivity C-reactive protein and should be routinely assessed in future studies.


Memory-based text processing (MBP) is a label that has been used to refer to a theoretical perspective shared by contributors to this special issue. The articles are by researchers who either explicitly identify themselves as working within the memory-based text processing framework or have influenced the MBP approach and share many of its core assumptions. This special issue defines the domains addressed by MBP, identifies the major, shared assumptions of researchers representing the MBP perspective, and raises some challenges for MBP researchers.


Let be weighted graphs, as the graphs where the edge weights are positive definite matrices. The Laplacian eigenvalues of a graph are the eigenvalues of Laplacian matrix of a graph . We obtain two upper bounds for the largest Laplacian eigenvalue of weighted graphs and we compare these bounds with previously known bounds.


The aim of this thesis is a model for the plate deformations, under consideration of large strains, and the implementation of a suitable FE simulation. Starting from nonlinear static 3D elasticity theory and introducing the Kirchhoff assumptions, the total energy of a deformed plate is described solely by the displacements of its midsurface. Minimizing this energy leads to a nonlinear variational problem, which can be solved numerically, using Newton's method and the finite element method. For this purpose, the formulae of the energy functional and its necessary two linearizations are provided. With the further assumption that the normal of the midsurface does not change, an FE implementation is derived, with bilinear element functions in the in-plane-direction and bicubic element functions, from the BognerFox-Schmidt-element, in the out-of-plane-direction.


According to national standards and rules for scientific and technical writing,editing and publishing,and combined with our practice in writing and editing,this paper has expounded the writing standard and criterion in writing scientific and technical papers,including writing format,writing methods and notice of title,text,abstract,Keywords,preface,text,reference,illustration and tables,etc.


We discuss some basic techniques for modeling dependence between the random variables that are inputs to a simulation model, with the main emphasis being continuous bivariate distributions that have flexible marginal distributions and that are readily extended to higher dimensions. First we examine the bivariate normal distribution and its advantages and drawbacks for use in simulation studies. To achieve a greater variety of distributional shapes while accurately reflecting a desired dependency structure, we discuss bivariate Johnson distributions. Although space limitations preclude inclusion in this article, the oral presentation of this tutorial will also include discussions of how to use (a) bivariate B ezier distributions as a means for achieving even greater flexibility in modeling the marginal distributions, and (b) ARTA (AutoRegressive To Anything) processes as a means for generating an entire stochastic process with specied marginals and a desired covariance structure.


Gravity is believed to have deep and inherent relation to thermodynamics. We study phase transition and critical behavior in the extended phase space of asymptotic anti de-Sitter (AdS) black holes in Einstein-Horndeski gravity. We demonstrate that the black hole in Einstein-Horndeski gravity undergo phase transition and P-V criticality mimicking the van der Waals gas-liquid system. The key approach in our study is to introduce a more reasonable pressure instead of previous pressure $P=-\Lambda/8\pi$ related to cosmological constant $\Lambda$, and this proper pressure is given insight from the asymptotical behaviour of this black hole. Moreover, we also first obtain P-V criticality in the two cases with $\Lambda=0$ and $\Lambda>0$ in our paper, which implicates that the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ may be not a necessary pressure candidate for black holes at the microscopic level. We present critical exponents for these phase transition processes.


ABSTRACT Biophilia is commonly defined as the inborn predisposition to affiliate with, or to attend to, natural or natural-like elements and processes. In this paper, I explore whether there is sufficient reason to conclude that the therapeutic or ameliorative effects of animal-assisted interventions (AAIs) are a token of biophilia. Based on a conceptual analysis of the notion, I argue that—to this day—the exact meaning of "biophilia" remains inherently vague because several of its constituent claims have been left underspecified by theorists in the field. Although this vagueness allows one to consider most—if not all—AAI findings as instances of biophilic responses, this barely seems to be a theoretically useful insight. My overall conclusion is that it is imprudent to associate AAI research with a concept whose scientific merits and explanatory potential still remain unclear and underspecified.


Ground leakage current and electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise are important challenges during design of grid-connected power converters. Use of common-mode (CM) choke helps to mitigate these issues. A common practice is to use separate CM filter and differential mode (DM) LCL filter. In this paper an integrated CM inductor (ICMI) is proposed. In the proposed ICMI, the LCL filter boost inductor and the CM choke are combined into a single component. This results in size and cost reduction of the overall power converter. Steps involving design of the ICMI are provided. The proposed ICMI is fabricated in the laboratory. Experimental test are carried out on a 5kW single-phase grid-connected power converter, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed ICMI. The results show that the use of proposed ICMI along with a capacitor CMg in the power circuit as common mode filter can reduce EMI noise level up to 30dB.


A blob of Newtonian fluid is sandwiched in the narrow gap between two plane parallel surfaces so that, a t some initial instant, its plan-view occupies a simply connected domain D0. Further fluid, with the same material properties, is injected into the gap at some fixed point within D0, so that the blob begins to grow in size. The domain D occupied by the fluid at some subsequent time is to be determined. It is shown that the growth is controlled by the existence of an infinite number of invariants of the motion, which are of a purely geometric character. For sufficiently simple initial domains D0 these allow the problem to be reduced to the solution of a finite system of algebraic equations. For more complex initial domains an approximation scheme leads to a similar system of equations to be solved.


9018Background: Investigators have proposed that differential expression of the transcription regulators ASCL1 and NeuroD1 can be used to define molecular subtypes of small cell lung cancers (SCLCs...


We have investigated influence of substrate polarity on the growth of InN films by RF-MBE. It was found that the temperature required for successful growth of InN strongly depended on the substrate polarity. InN could be grown on C-face SiC at 550 °C, whereas no InN growth occurred on Si-face SiC at 550 °C. InN growth on Si-face SiC was realized at lower temperature of 450 °C. In the case of the growth on free-standing GaN substrates, InN could be grown on N-face GaN at 550 °C, whereas InN growth on Ga-face GaN was realized at 450 °C. It was found that InN with N polarity can be grown at higher temperature than that with In polarity. These results indicate that control of polarity is essential for successful growth of InN.


The dynamics of the short-range Ising spin-glass ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.5}$${\mathrm{Mn}}_{0.5}$Ti${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ has been investigated with a SQUID magnetometer. The dynamic spin-correlation function, $q(t)$, as reflected in low-field ac susceptibility and time-dependent magnetization measurements, was studied in the time interval ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$-${10}^{4}$ sec. The functional form of $q(t)$ shows a remarkable agreement with the results obtained from Monte Carlo simulations on a three-dimensional Ising spin-glass. The temperature dependence of the relaxation times above the spin-glass temperature is well described by conventional power-law scaling.


Abstract Pharmacological studies on gastropod smooth muscle preparations have led us to the conclusion that the muscles in vitro behaves as if supplied by both excitatory and inhibitory cholinergic receptor sites.


This article aims at contributing to a body of work about children and families by exploring the importance of socio‐economic context and social capital for understanding the ways in which money is perceived, obtained and used by children. Alleged contrasts in terms of money management, consumption priorities and postponement of gratification, especially among middle and working classes, have already been debated. It seems thus relevant to investigate if these presumable contrasts apply to children and why. Do children from different socio‐economic contexts reveal the traits that have been attributed to their households? To this end, a mixed methods research project was developed involving 245 children attending different primary schools in Portugal—one private school targeted at upper class children and one state‐sponsored school located in a working‐class area. The results revealed significant differences by school and household typology.


Large-scale 70-mm color aerial photographs were used to detect and map the occurrence of weathered granite under a moderately dense eucalypt canopy. Eight combinations of film, illumination and scale were studied. The best results were obtained on color film under cloud at 1:4000 scale. The main limiting factors were dense vegetation and shadow. /Author/


Clinical tonography has opened up wide areas of discussion in the ophthalmologic literature in recent years. A large number of authors have written about the contribution of clinical tonography to the problems of glaucoma. Kornblueth and Linner6initiated a technique of experimental tonography in rabbits in 1955. Comparatively few authors—Stone and Prijot,4,13,141955; Becker and Constant,8Kitajima,361956; Cristiansson,33de Carvalho,21Waki, and Perkins,71958—have worked with it for research purposes. Recent experiments about belated consensual changes in rabbit eyes by Stone and Sears,14have stimulated us to start an experimental series of our own, since findings regarding consensual changes in rabbit eyes seem varied and controversial. Tonography requiring the use of general anesthesia on rabbits is very time consuming. It appeared important to find out the practical limitations as well as the areas of useful application. Or, in other words:


Under the background of the government's subsidy for new energy vehicles, this paper takes a secondary energy supply chain composed of a new energy automobile enterprise and an online car-hailing platform as the research object. Considering the long-term dynamic characteristics of cooperation between new energy automotive enterprise and online car-hailing platform, this paper constructs a differential game model of automotive enterprise and online car-hailing platform under decentralized decision and centralized decision, and obtains their equilibrium strategy and optimal profit function under the two situations, as well as the optimal trajectory of automotive carbon emission reduction over time. The research finds that: compared with decentralized decision, under the centralized decision, new energy automobile enterprise increase its efforts in emission reduction, and the operation efforts of online car-hailing platform increase. Pareto improvement is achieved in the profit of supply chain, and the carbon emission reduction of automobiles is improved. Finally, the model is verified and analyzed by numerical experiments.


WCP KWAN, HJ FREEMAN. Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the colon radiologically simulating Crohn's colitis. Can J Gastroenterol 1991;5(2):71-74. A 35-year-old male wfth ahdominal pain and weight loss was refcrreJ with a diagnos is of C ro hn 's coli t is. Subsequent colo noscopic examinat ion and laparotomy revealed diffuse infiltration of rhe colo nic wall with a primary ~ignet-ring eel l carcinoma and widespread metastases. The poor prognosis of this lesion appears to reflect difficulty in early Jiagnosis as well as the unusual cell biological features of this highly invasive histologica l variety of colon carcinoma.


This article shows that Error-Driven Constraint Demotion (EDCD), an error-driven learning algorithm proposed by Tesar (1995) for Prince and Smolensky's (1993/2004) version of Optimality Theory, can fail to converge to a correct totally ranked hierarchy of constraints, unlike the earlier non-error-driven learning algorithms proposed by Tesar and Smolensky (1993). The cause of the problem is found in Tesar's use of ''mark-pooling ties,'' indicating that EDCD can be repaired by assuming Anttila's (1997) ''permuting ties'' instead. Proofs show, and simulations confirm, that totally ranked hierarchies can indeed be found by both this repaired version of EDCD and Boersma's (1998) Minimal Gradual Learning Algorithm.


This study was conducted to investigate the effect of physical properties of artificial diets,including colors,shapes,hardness and density on feeding frequency of juvenile cuttlefish Sepiella maindroni.The highest and lowest feeding frequency(26.2 times /h) were observed in groups of cuttlefish fed with brown and green diets(5 times /h),respectively.Among different colors of experimental diets,feeding frequency from high to low was as follow:brownredyellowpurpleoriginalbluegreen;Cuttlefish fed with long-round shape diet(25.5 times /h) had significantly higher feeding frequency than those fed with sphere(19.8 times /h) or flake diets(9.3 times /h)(P0.05);The feeding frequency in moist pellet group(40.2 times /h) and sinking pellet diet group(20.7 times /h) were significantly higher than those in dry pellet diet group(23.7 times /h) and floating pellet diet group(8.8 times /h)(P0.05),respectively.It could be concluded that juvenile Sepiella maindroni tend to select feed with brown or red color,long-round shape and sinking moist pellet.


Discusses fundamental problems encountered at the Kenya Polytechnic Library in collection development, particularly the problems of inadequate funding, lack of collection development policy and those associated with foreign purchases. Highlights the various factors which librarians at the polytechnic ought to consider in order to realize brighter collection development prospects. These factors include the formulation of suitable collection development policy, the organization of gifts and exchange practices and participation in resource‐sharing programmes with other national polytechnics and universities. Suggests an introduction of library development levy and also the practice of collection weeding.


OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of VITEK-2Compact advanced expert system(AES)for the detection of carbapenemase in Enterobacteriaceae,and to investigate the application value of AES on early diagnosis of Enterobacteriaceaethat produces carbapenemase.METHODS The bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by VITEK-2Compact automated system.The non-repetitive clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae with reduced susceptibility to carbapenems were selected between 2010and 2012.The blaKPC,blaIMP,blaVIM,blaOXA-48and blaNDM-1genes were amplified by PCR,then positive results were sequenced and blasted to determine genotypes.Since the results of gene sequencing were regarded as the gold standard,the performance index of VITEK-2Compact AES for the detection of carbapenemase in Enterobacteriaceae was calculated based on sequencing result.RESULTS Sixty-two Enterobacteriaceae with reduced susceptibility to carbapenems were collected,including Klebsiella pneumoniae(67.74%),Enterobacter cloacae(19.36%),Escherichia coli(8.06%)and Klesbsiella oxytoca(4.84%).Fifty-eight Enterobacteriaceae were detected positive with AES,including K.pneumoniae(68.97%),E.cloacae(18.97%),E.coli(6.89%)and K.oxytoca(5.17%).The 27IMP-4carbapenemase producing isolates were confirmed by PCR amplification and sequencing,including 21 K.pneumoniae,4 E.cloacae and 2 K.oxytoca.The 20IMP-8carbapenemase producing isolates included by 10 K.pneumoniae,6 E.cloacae,3 E.coli and 1 K.oxytoca,and the other 15 isolates were confirmed to be carbapenemase-negative strains.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and test power of AES were 100.0%,26.67%,81.03%,100.0%,82.26%for the detection of carbapenemase in Enterobacteriaceae.CONCLUSION The VITEK-2Compact AES reveals great sensitivity for detection of carbapenemase in Enterobacteriaceae,and the clinical microbiology laboratory should provide detection information to clinical departments at the first time in order to carry out isolation precautions timely.


Both Montaigne and Descartes produced works in which an individualized and historical first person is the focus, and both of them have vexed relations to the self-abnegation that their religious tradition demanded. They are both self-revealing and self-satisfied writers. This essay will explore the rationales that each of these writers developed for defending both self-revelation and self-satisfaction. The textual foci are Montaigne's essay on repentance, and Descartes's Discourse on the Method.


Internet abuse is a systemic problem affecting many organizations. Although the definition of Internet abuse can vary across firms, deliberate cyberdeviance against company policy engenders productivity losses and opens firms to increased network surveillance and security costs. As firms become increasingly web-enabled, they become correspondingly more vulnerable to employee cyberdeviance, as more employees are potentially able to abuse their Internet privileges. This paper investigates this under-researched phenomenon and provides a new framework for understanding worker cyberdeviance through the lens of self-control theory in general and Gottfredson and Hirschi's General Crime Theory in particular. Specifically, it proposes that automating the feedback loops of network surveillance systems can decrease Internet abuse by influencing worker perceptions of detection and punishment through faster feedback and improved worker self-control. This study provides an alternative perspective to current research in the area of Internet abuse. Moreover, it provides practical contributions to managers through suggesting methods for organizations to deter such activities.


The Telescope, the Fluxions, the invention of Logarithms and the frenzy of multiplication, often for its own sake, that follow'd [Emerson's training] have for Emerson all been steps of an unarguable approach to God, a growing clarity,—Gravity, the Pulse of Time, the finite speed of Light present themselves to him as aspects of God's character. It's like becoming friendly with an erratic, powerful, potentially dangerous member of the Aristocracy. He holds no quarrel with the Creator's sovereignty, but is repeatedly appall'd at the lapses in Attention, the flaws in Design, the squand'rings of life and energy, the failures to be reasonable, or to exercise common sense,—first appall'd, then angry. We are taught,—we believe,—that it is love of the Creation which


Sex and sexuality have always been implicated wherever people, capital, and power have flowed among and across national borders. Nevertheless, EuroAmerican-style sexual politics have recently taken a decidedly transnational turn. From LGBT groups' furor over Uganda's "Kill the Gays" bill, to the U.K.'s linkage of foreign aid and gay rights, to Hillary Clinton's assertion before the United Nations that "gay rights are human rights and human rights are gay rights," those in the "developed" world have evidenced growing fervor for the promotion/enforcement of gay rights in the "developing" world. It is against this backdrop, and in opposition to these politics that David A. B. Murray offers us Flaming Souls: Homosexuality, Homophobia, and Social Change in Barbados. Derived from 6 years of ethnographic field work in Barbados, and illuminated by Murray's more than 30 years of research there, Flaming Souls offers a textually and methodologically diverse reading of Barbadian homosexuality and Barbadian homophobia, asking what it means to label the Caribbean a global problem area for gay rights and, more broadly, whether it is "problematic to speak of groups, communities, regions, or nations as homophobic" (6). Flaming Souls is divided into two related but methodologically distinct segments. In the first segment, Murray uses discourse analysis to take macro-level stock of the homophobia with which Barbados and the Caribbean at large are so frequently indicted. Acknowledging the ubiquity of anti-gay rhetoric in Barbados, Murray focuses on teasing out the sociohistorical circumstances from which that rhetoric emerges to illuminate how blanket assessments of homophobia and concomitant calls for gay rights are unwieldy instruments for the promotion of queer-inclusive social justice. Chapter 1 examines the uptake of homosexuality in participatory media, noting that the absence of homosexual voices creates "a spectral homosexual" whose "threatening, perverted, and/or sick sexualized body . . . is continually incarnated in discourse but never fully instantiated in the BOOK REVIEW)))


Germinated seeds of celery (Apium graveolens L.) sown suspended in a gel, gave earlier and greater seedling emergence and increased final crop yields compared with seeds sown in a conventional manner.


In article number 1801406, Daobin Mu, Feng Wu, and co‐workers propose a mechanism of favorable antisite induced by bulk halogen‐doped in Ni‐rich layered cathode material for lithium‐ion batteries. The LiNi0.85Co0.075Mn0.075O2 (LNCM) cathode including the moderate antisite displays outstanding cycling/thermal stability due to the favorable antisite in more stable local octahedron structure of halide (LOSH).


A study was continued for one year from June 1996 to May 1997 to study the prevalence and the relative incidence rates of fungal flora from different indoor and outdoor sites of Dhaka city by open air plate method. Colonies grown on Potato Dextrose Agar medium were counted and identified by standard methods. In the present investigation throughout the year a total of 3208 colonies were found from 21 species of 13 genera of which Aspergilli were recorded most dominant having about 9 species. Aspergillus niger were found most dominant fungus followed by Penicillium sp, Monilia sp, Mucor sp. Different indoor and outdoor sites were selected for the studies. The number of fungi from the outdoor sites (51.48%) were higher than those of indoor sites (48.52%). Seasonal variations of the incidence of different fungi were also noted.


We report an investigation of bound states of the ArNO complex, based on new coupled-cluster [CCSD(T)] ab initio potential energy surfaces. The position and relative spacing of the lowest bend–stretch levels of the complex are found to be in noticeable better agreement with available experimental results than the predictions based on earlier ArNO PES's.


Abstract This paper describes the role of language contact in Sardinian lexical stratification, focusing on the Sardinian lexicon as well as on some morphological features. The major aim is to show the importance of the Sardinian lexicon for the understanding of the historical contact processes between Sardinian and other languages of the island and for the comprehension of the relationship between different varieties of Sardinian.


Results: In this study, male (62%) outnumbered females (38%) and overall the mean age was 25.43. The mean total
serum bilirubin of all 135 patients was 1.20±0.844mg/dl which was above the normal range (>1.0 mg.dl) considered for
the study, hence indicating the presence of hyperbilirubinemia. The mean of direct bilirubin was 0.89±0.71 mg/dl while that of indirect bilirubin
was 0.34±0.15 mg/dl. Among the patients with inamed appendix, 22 patients (19%) were found to have elevated bilirubin (>1.0mg/dl). In
patients diagnosed with appendicular perforation (n=24), 24 patients had bilirubin elevated (>1.0mg/dl), while only 4 patient (16%) had normal
level (<1.0 mg/dl). Sensitivity and specicity of bilirubin in diagnosing acute appendicitis and appendiceal perforation was 80.2% and 79.2%
respectively. The Odd's ratio was calculated to be 15.37. Serum bilirubin rout CONCLUSION : inely added to the blood investigation can be
useful laboratory investigation for aiding in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Can be easily done and cheaply available. Patients with three
times the normal bilirubin value and clinical signs of appendicitis and appendicular perforation have higher probability of having complicated
appendicitis. Total bilirubin levels were signicantly elevated in patients having gangrenous and perforated(complicated) appendicitis than cases
with acute appendicitis. Total bilirubin level as a test for predicting gangrenous or perforated appendicitis is highly sensitive and less specic.


Remarkable interest for human health concerns the microbiological risk assessment due infections by bacteria possessing the ability to adhere to host cell or abiotic surfaces as well as to live in aggregated and biofilm lifestyle. Biofilm is multicellular bacterial community held together by a self-produced extracellular matrix in response to several factors. These factors may include recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on cell surfaces, electrostatic interactions on abiotic surfaces, nutritional cues, or in some cases, exposure to stress conditions in the environment as well as into the host. Biofilm lifestyle is comparatively more common than the planktonic one and it has been shown that biofilm plays a crucial role in human health (Brady et al., 2008; Bryers, 2008). As matter of fact, the eradication of bacterial biofilm by administration of antibiotics often fails due to the high drug resistance of bacteria in this lifestyle. Since 2008, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reports epidemiological data on the increasing of antimicrobial resistance constituting an important concern in public health hazard. For this reason, rapid assays to determine biofilm susceptibility to antibacterial drugs can significantly improve the outcome of infected patients by enabling a fast selection of efficient antibiotic treatments, thus decreasing the period and the related costs of hospitalization, as well as the incidence of morbidity and mortality ( Gfeller et al., 2005). Therefore, a fundamental prerequisite in studying, counteracting and eradicating biofilm is the possibility to quantify the actual number of bacteria involved. Bacterial counts have deep implications in microbiological diagnosis and therapeutic treatments (Bryers, 2008), in water and food quality analysis (Ramalho et al., 2001; Lee et al., 2007; Rueckert et al., 2005), in environmental applications and consumers' safety. The standard method used to evaluate the number of bacteria, based on determination of Colony Forming Units (CFUs) (ISO method), can be considered fully appropriate only when bacteria are in planktonic lifestyle but it is unreliable to count bacteria in aggregated, adherent and biofilm lifestyle (Berlutti et al., 2003, Pantanella, 2008; Berlutti, 2008 a; Frioni,


Abstract This paper presents an ultra-high resolution, high speed linear image sensor for high speed industrial imaging. Two versions of the device have been fabricated and evaluated: a single line version with 16k pixels on a 3.5 um pixel pitch; and a high sensitivity dual line version with 8k pixels on a 7 um pixel pitch. Both devices are capable of a line rate of 70kHz. The CMOS imager design and evaluation results are presented.


Two unusual cases of large aneurysms, one located in the native right coronary artery and the other in a saphenous vein graft, are reported. Their size and mode of presentation as asymptomatic paracardiac masses on chest x‐ray films make them unique. It is proposed that these entities be considered as part of the differential diagnosis of paracardiac masses.


Copyright: © 2020 Bhushan STV Publisher Name: Medtext Publications LLC Manuscript compiled: Jan 07th, 2020 *Corresponding author: Bhushan STV, Department of Surgery, KLE Centenary Charitable Hospital, Yellur Road, Belagavi, Karnataka, India, E-mail: email@example.com Abstract Acute appendicitis is one of the common surgical emergencies in surgical practice. Appendicitis is basically a clinical entity and for all practical purposes appendicitis is diagnosed by good history taking, good clinical examination and needs only a few investigations to confirm. The management of an acute appendicitis is Appendicetomy under suitable anaesthesia. Whenever there are atypical clinical picture and the diagnosis is uncertain which may require special investigations including CT Scan as it was done in our case.


A workshop was held at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, August 16--18, 1994 on the topic of risk assessment on medical devices that use radioactive isotopes. Its purpose was to review past efforts to develop a risk assessment methodology to evaluate these devices, and to develop a program plan and a scoping document for future methodology development. This report contains presentation material and a transcript of the workshop. Participants included experts in the fields of radiation oncology, medical physics, risk assessment, human-error analysis, and human factors. Staff from the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) associated with the regulation of medical uses of radioactive materials and with research into risk-assessment methods participated in the workshop. The workshop participants concurred in NRC`s intended use of risk assessment as an important technology in the development of regulations for the medical use of radioactive material and encouraged the NRC to proceed rapidly with a pilot study. Specific recommendations are included in the executive summary and the body of this report.


Liquid crystal elements with electrically controlled spatial topology of the director orientation were designed and manufactured. For the first time waveguide propagation of the light beam was realized in a spatially structured LC cells and the ability to create electrically controlled waveguide dividers and combiners was experimentally demonstrated


This paper proposes a dual timescale learning and adaptation framework to learn a probabilistic model of beam dynamics and concurrently exploit this model to design adaptive beam-training with low overhead: on a long timescale, a deep recurrent variational autoencoder (DR-VAE) uses noisy beam-training observations to learn a probabilistic model of beam dynamics; on a short timescale, an adaptive beam-training procedure is formulated as a partially observable Markov decision process and optimized using point-based value iteration by leveraging beam-training feedback and probabilistic predictions of the strongest beam pair provided by the DR-VAE. In turn, beam-training observations are used to refine the DR-VAE via stochastic gradient ascent in a continuous process of learning and adaptation. It is shown that the proposed DR-VAE learning framework learns accurate beam dynamics and, as learning progresses, the training overhead decreases and the spectral efficiency increases. Moreover, the proposed dual timescale approach achieves near-optimal spectral efficiency, with a gain of 85% over a policy that scans exhaustively over the dominant beam pairs, and of 18% over a state-of-the-art POMDP policy.


In recent years, wind energy harvesting systems using piezoelectric materials have been studied by a lot of researchers. However, energy harvesting methods using flexible thin piezoelectric wind energy harvesting method using high-polymer films was investigated experimentally. At first, the feasibility of the systems was shown in laboratory experiment by using various shapes, sizes, and boundary conditions of piezoelectric films subjected to the artificial wind airflow from consumer air blower. Then, a flag-type piezoelectric wind energy harvester was manufactured and the characteristic against natural winds was verified by outdoor experiments.


Mukha (mouth) is one of the important parts of body and it is exposed to various risk factors due to the bad habits like tobacco chewing and smoking etc. Mukhapaka is pathological condition related to Mukha which occurs due to the simple cut, eating hot food items, unhygienic cleaning, vitamins deficiencies and adverse reaction of antibiotics. Ulceration, Excessive salivation and Pain etc. are general symptoms of Mukhapaka. As per Ayurveda Mukha Rogas is Pittaja Nanatmaja and Rakta Pradoshaja Vikara and around 20% of population is suffering with this problem. Ayurveda described various treatment modalities for the management of Mukhapaka; Yashtimadhu with Madhu is one of them, present article established efficacy of Yashtimadhu with Madhu Lepana in Mukhapaka. The study concluded that Lepan-Karma with Ayurveda formulation Yashtimadhu Ghrita Madhu offers beneficial effects in mouth ulcer.


The shifting curriculum into curriculum 2013 also occurs on several productive subjects at Vocational high school in which there is one additional subject, Highway and Bridge Constructions. As this is a new subject, frankly the teacher is required to be able to understand the materials and deliver them to the students. One of proposing ways to deliver the materials is by developing electronic modules, commonly known as e-module, based on project based learning. This e-module uses Moodle (Modular Object Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment) in which the teacher is able to insert teaching materials in the form of text, animation, audio, video as well as assignments and assessments. Moreover, this research is Research and Development (R&D) with ADDIE development models, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The findings showed that the validation of the product was in the good category with slight revision. Furthermore, in terms of respondents' evaluation the results unveiled that respondents felt satisfied in which the respondents' evaluation was in excellent category. Therefore, it can be concluded that e-module eases both teacher and students in teaching and learning highway and bridge construction subject.


The objective of this research was to describe the internalization of guidance and counseling profession, and to compare the degree of internalization based on semester of guidance and counseling profession of guidance and counseling students. The population was guidance and counseling students of the Faculty of Educational Scienties on the odd semester 2008/2009 totally 588. The proporsional stratified random sampling technique was used to find the sample 202 students. The main method was questionare that supported by observation and interview. Descriptive analisys and One Way ANOVA employed to analysis teh data. The result show that the degree of internalization of guidance and counseling profession lay on medium category agree with development of the degree of semester. The guidance and counseling students difference in the degree of internalization in each semester. The students of regular and non-regular difference in internalize the value of guidance and counseling profession, but they are not difference especially in gender. Key Words: Internalization; Guidance and Counseling Profession; Guidance and Counseling Students


We present extensive computations of photoabsorption and photoionization cross sections across the K-edge of Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, and Ca ions with less than 11 electrons. The calculations are performed using the Breit–Pauli R-matrix method and include the effects of radiative and Auger damping by means of an optical potential. The wave functions are constructed from single-electron orbital bases obtained using a Thomas–Fermi–Dirac statistical model potential. Configuration interaction is considered among all fine-structure levels within the n = 2 complex. The damping processes affect the resonances converging to the K thresholds causing them to display symmetric profiles of constant width that smear the otherwise sharp edge at the photoionization thresholds.


In article is discovering the armed struggle of peasants of the Western Kazakhstan against deterioration of an economic life in 1920-1922 In a basis of a distress of people was surplus-appropriation system which has led countrymen to a full impoverishment and starvation. In article it is shown, that regions of the Western Kazakhstan, Southern Urals Mountains and the Volga region have turned to rent of armed conflicts of parts of Red Army with local population


Facial expression imitation with applications in the design of human robot interaction (HRI) systems is an active area of research. In this study, we propose an approach for real-time imitation of human facial expression by a humanoid social robot "Alice". Artificial neural network (ANN) and Kinect sensor are used for recognition and classifying of the facial expressions like happiness, sadness, fear, anger and surprise; with the Alice humanoid robot imitating the comprehended expressions. Results and experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.


ABSTRACT This letter aims to explore the potential impact of the Turkey-Syria earthquake on the psychological well-being of the affected children and adolescents. It emphasises the crucial importance of prompt identification and management of emerging mental health disorders in this vulnerable population. The letter draws on existing research evidence to highlight the need for suitable mental health interventions to mitigate the anticipated suffering of many children and adolescents affected by the earthquake. A comprehensive overview of the mediating factors which may play a role in the extent of the impact of an earthquake on the mental health of children is discussed. A range of appropriate strategies and interventions are recommended and the call for continued global support is renewed. We have concluded that major earthquakes can potentially contribute to the development of mental health disorders among children and adolescents. However, by providing timely and effective support, it is possible to prevent long-term psychological consequences and facilitate early recovery. We propose the urgent implementation of effective mental health interventions in the aftermath of the Turkey-Syria earthquake to foster the recovery and resilience of the affected young population.


Multiple-offered miniature recorder(Recorder)has been continuously used for two years in Shanxi Province.3149 data analysis coming from different cold-chain temperature monitor recorders showed that the Recorder is convenient to use and has pecudiarites on the aspects of vaccine deposite and transportation,it can monitor temperatures of every link of various kinds of cold chain equipments with reliability.This Recorder can also record the temperature changes of cold-chain automatically,continuously,dynamically and objectively, and, besides, can relieve the trouble of artificial recording,achieving the goals of computer data and modernized management.


Recent eorts of collaboration between the European transmission system operators have led toan increased interest in common research projects concerning power system analysis. The iTeslaproject is ...


3 Catherine Yan Wang is director of the Department for International Cooperation, National Institute of Education Sciences of China and research associate at the Wah Ching Centre for Research on Education in China, the University of Hong Kong. Yang Dongping is a professor in the School of Education, Beijing Polytechnic University. Chinese education and Society, vol. 45, no. 3, May–June 2012, pp. 3–8. © 2012 M.E. Sharpe, Inc. All rights reserved. Permissions: www.copyright.com ISSN 1061–1932 (print)/ISSN 1944–9298 (online) DOI: 10.2753/CED1061-1932450300


Thanks to recent progress in the iterative decoding of concatenated codes, several new fields of investigation have appeared. In this paper, we present a first approach of the iterative decoding of Reed-Solomon (RS) product codes: "Turbo codes RS". Two methods to construct RS product codes are given. The iterative decoding of the RS product codes is based on the soft decoding and the soft decision of the component codes. The performance of RS turbo codes have been evaluated on the Gaussian and Rayleigh channels using Monte Carlo simulation. Coding gains up to 5.5 dB for a BER (bit error rate) of 10/sup -5/ have been obtained on the Gaussian channel. This new coding scheme is very attractive for data storage applications where the RS product codes are often used.


We study the relationship between the maximal average of components of low connectivity graph and the characteristic value of the direction graph with weight in graph theory and maximum algebra method.


CGH (Comparative Genome Hybridisation) microarrays are an emerging technology used to detect chromosome copy number changes. Large numbers of genomic DNA segments are accurately printed at high density onto surface-treated glass slides, and competitively hybridised with two DNA samples labelled with different fluorescent dyes. Variations in the genetic content of the two samples are detected as changes in the ratio of the two fluorescent dyes hybridising to individual features of the microarray. CGH microarray technology requires significant bioinformatics input in the manufacturing and analysis processes, in addition to substantial sample-tracking demands from its laboratory use. This thesis describes the design and implementation of integrated software and database utilities for use in the CGH microarray process, using the Perl programming language and a MySQL database. Perl subroutines provide a simple means to identify large numbers of genomic DNA clones from the Ensembl databases, starting with an XML-formatted list of a variety of different genome feature types. The identified genomic DNA clones are collected in a local database which is used as the starting point for the design of the microarray. The database design centres around the use of foreign key constraints and bar-coded laboratory samples to provide consistent and efficient sample tracking throughout the microarray design, manufacture and experimental use. Finally, a Perl script interprets the output from a microarray laser scanning device determining the identifies of each feature on the microarray. It calculates replicate averages and fluorescent ratios at each distinct feature and populates the database with the analysed data. These utilities have been implemented in the laboratory and will continue to be developed to provide a user friendly web-based interface and dynamic microarray layout interpretation


Introduction: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) was identified in China in December 2019 for the first time and is rapidly spreading throughout the world as a pandemic. As COVID-19 causes mild to severe acute respiratory syndrome, most studies in this context have focused on pathogenesis primarily in the respiratory system. However, evidence shows that the central nervous system (CNS) may also be affected by COVID-19. Since COVID-19 is spreading, it is imperative to study its possible cognitive effects in patients suffering and recovering from COVID-19. Methods: The articles used in this study were searched by keywords such as Cytokine storm and covid-19, covid-19 and executive dysfunction, cognitive disorder and covid-19, CNS and covid 19, Coronavirus, Neuroinvasion in science direct, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. The study will assess all observational studies published between December 2019 and April 2021 in peer-reviewed journals, including cross-sectional, cohort, case-control studies, case reports and case series. The search result was 106 articles, of which 73 articles related to Covid-19, the stages of infection by this virus, its effect on the nervous system and neurological symptoms, the cytokine storm caused by this infection, and the possible cognitive consequences caused by this virus in patients, has been reviewed. Other articles were not checked due to their limited relevance to the topic under discussion. Results: Studies show that neurons may be directly affected by SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, various studies indicate that systemic inflammation (so-called "cytokine storm") is also responsible for brain damage induced by infection with SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. Such a way that this patients showed elevated levels of interleukin (IL-), 6, 8, and 10 and of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) in their blood. Conclusion: Various cognitive defects following an increase level of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6,8 have been observed. Therefore, due to the increase level of these pro-inflammatory factors in the brains of these patients, cognitive deficits can be expected, which need further investigation.


Inhumation and cremation usually are studied in isolation regardless of the fact that they may be practiced in the same culture and time period. Among the Tucson Basin Hohokam in the Prehispanic American Southwest cremation was the main funeral custom and inhumation was practiced at a very low frequency throughout the Preclassic (AD 700–1150) and Classic (AD 1150–1450/1500) periods. This chapter explores changes through time in non-normative burial customs of inhumation from ten Tucson Basin (Arizona) Hohokam archaeological sites by exploring both biological reconstruction of bodies and posthumous treatments within and between sites. Inhumations are contrasted with cremations to explore how they are related but distinct practices of remembrance, and it is argued that critical and contextualized approaches to the study of non-normative burials are necessary in order to reconstruct the complexity of funeral customs and their associated cultural significance through time. The results provide a glimpse of social variation and multiple social groups within the Tucson Basin Hohokam sites.


Cell biologists no longer rely only on pictures from microscopes—pixels and pulses from cell sorters and other devices now enhance their research. By borrowing tools and techniques from computer scientists and engineers, they have upgraded their approach to studying cell morphology. Read the Feature (Full-Text HTML) Read the Feature (PDF) Read New Products (PDF)


With the increasing cases of online hate speech, there is an urgent demand for better hate speech detection systems. In this paper, we utilize Knowledge Graphs (KGs) to improve hate speech detection. Our initial results shows that incorporating information from KG helps the classifier to improve the performance.


Excerpt The outlook for adults who have acute glomerular nephritis has seldom been the subject of comment in the literature. Excepting war nephritis, the few studies on prognosis are mostly in chil...


Generally,China's industrial sector has made significant technical progress and also increased the industrial income gap.The market structure will affect industrial technical progress.Those monopoly industries get obvious technical changes,but their technical efficiency has been deteriorated,while competitive industries obtain comparative advantages in technical efficiency.Technical changes have widened the trade income gap,but the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency have narrowed the gap on the contrary.A path widening the gap starts from industrial monopoly to capital deepening,then to technical changes,and then to trade income gap.From the view of the trade income gap and technological progress,China's industrial and technical progresses have an extensive feature.The cost of delaying reform may be higher due to the time cumulative effect of trade income gap.


Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach (CALLA) model was used in defining about assumptions, beliefs, and theories about the nature of language and language learning. This study applied experimental research with factorial design. The population of this study was all the students of Accounting program in Politeknik Sekayu. 80 students of Accounting program participated in this study, taken by by using two stage random sampling. Test and a ready-made questionnaire of motivation were applied to obtain the data. The analysis was used t-test and two way ANOVA. Based on the finding of the result score of the motivation questionnaire in experimental group showed that 50% students had high motivation and 50 % students had low motivation. The distribution of CALLA scores were normal, since significant value was higher than 0.05. The data of CALLA and conventional model were homogenous since the result of homogeneity of variance testing indicated that significant value of all the data were higher than the significant of p-value 0.05.The result of analysis test of two ways ANOVA showed that there was a significant interaction effect of CALLA and motivation toward the First Semester of Accounting Program Students' Hortatory Exposition writing ability at Politeknik Sekayu, since the significant value was 0.006 lower than 0.05. Keywords : CALLA model, mo tivation, writing ability


The operation of digital economy is to integrate artificial intelligence technologies such as big data, Internet, cloud computing, machine learning, Internet of Things, and blockchain into various links such as production, exchange, distribution and consumption. The emergence of this phenomenon will inevitably lead to a large "reshuffle" in the industry pattern centered on the elimination of excess production capacity. How does this affect the structural restructuring of the supply side? How supply-side structural issues should respond to the development of the digital economy. Therefore, this project intends to conduct an in-depth discussion on income distribution and equity in the big data environment from the game perspective, using "game" and "principal-agent" theories as tools. The results of the game show that if both parties have fair motives in the monopolistic income distribution game, they can get reciprocal distribution results and reduce the income difference. On the contrary, the two parties will not be able to obtain reciprocal distribution results, so the income difference may become larger. In the context of big data, the gap between the rich and the poor can be reduced from the aspects of system construction and justice concept.


The influence of linear energy on HAZ toughness was studied by means of welding thermal simulation.The best matching scheme for welding materials was determined through matching tests of 3 kinds of different welding wire and welding flux.Using determinate parameter to carry out welding for X120 pipeline steel formed by JCO process,and analyzed steel pipe properties after welding.The results showed when the linear energy is 35 kJ·cm-1,HAZ has the highest toughness value;But the present welding materials hardly achieve over-matching welding.In future special X120 welding materials should be developed.The common pipeline steel has good bend deformation ability,while the crack occurred in X120 steel pipe under bend axis diameter with 8 times thickness.The reason was that CGHAZ grains in weld obviously growed big and existed large quantity M/A in structure which was distributed in long strip,it led to CGHAZ brittleness of X120 steel pipe.


This study apply the RP powder stereo-shaped techniques and using standard biochemistry materials to discuss how biochemistry composite powder material can directly be solidified by using rapid prototyping machines to become bone-filling graft for missing bone on clinical surgery. As for the materials of implants, the research using commercialized composite powder materials. Concerning the making of bone filling model, this study uses 3D Anthropometrics bone image and using the related images editing system to simulate the curve shape of bone filling graft. Then cooperate the characteristic of the rapid prototyping machine (Zcorp 402 3DP), solidify directly without mold, with the commercialized biochemistry bone graft material, it can directly accomplish bone filling graft in the light of patients' demand in the fist place. The forming structure of the rapid prototyping machine is the bone filling piled up by the stratification piling method; it's different from the hand-made pressure forming. According to the modification of the RP equipment, which the research is used, can be upgrade the solidification quality of bone graft material.


We consider a single server bulk arrival queueing system with two phases of heterogeneous service under Bernoulli schedule vacation, where the customers arrive in batches of the random variable 'X'. Using the imbedded Markov chain technique, we first derive the queue size distribution at a stationary point of time. Next, we obtain a recursive solution of the stationary queue size distribution of this model. Finally, we obtain the Laplace Stieltjes Transform of the waiting time distribution and some related performance measures. The method proposed here is not only easily amenable to computation but can be applied to solve more complicated problems of similar nature.


Though analyzing the methane geologic data in the Peigou Mine,based on road-tested gas content,drill coal uncovering information,this paper analysis of geological factors controlling the content of coal bed gas using the methos of coal bed gas geological factors analysis and linear regression,and discussed the geologic factors for coal seam methane occurrence and distributinon regularity,such as geological srtucture,coal seam thickness,coal bed surrounding rock,coal structure,burial depth of coal-bed and so on.It also analyzed the relationship between all factors and Peigou Mine coal bed gas occurrence regularity,that the main controlling factors of affecting seam methane occourence are geoglogical structure,40 m sand content rate and burial depth of coal-bed,This provides theoretical basis for the work of layout of mining and methane prevention.


ABSTRACT Digital-native news sites from Latin America are changing the region's industry. These news organizations are accessed nationally and also across national boundaries. This study examined, through the theoretical lens of social capital, factors contributing to the creation of transnational audiences for these news organizations. A survey of audiences for these independent news sites in El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, and Venezuela indicated that economic and network capital predicted transnational digital-native news use. Transnational audiences were more likely to be younger, female, and with higher income than their national counterparts.


The deep mine vertical drainage system is characterized with large running loads and high requirements for the rigidity and stability of supporting structure, so the three-dimensional solid model of supporting structure is built on the basis of designing the supporting structure and the essential sizes. Take the 800-metre deep mine as an example. Based on static load analysis, Water hammer stress under different working conditions are analyzed by the transient analysis software of water hammer, Obtain the load of supporting structure under conditions of water hammer. The assessment of its reliability and the prediction of fatigue life are made according to the reliability evaluation of the supporting structure model made by ansys workbench software of finite element analysis. The reliability and safety of the supporting structure are verified by its application in projects, which provides guidance for the design of similar supporting beams.


In this essay, the authors discuss the link between the new resource-based view of the firm and the old structure-conduct-performance (S-C-P) paradigm. The authors find that the resource-based view of the firm, like the S-C-P paradigm, is based on the assumptions that demand is known and constant and that competition is a state. This limits the applicability and predictability of the model. Therefore, to further the positive and normative research goals of the strategic management discipline, these assumptions must be abandoned. The authors suggest adopting a model based on uncertain, constantly changing demand and competition as a process. The authors show how this will allow us to get inside the "black box" and examine the essential role of the manager in sustaining competitive advantage.


This guide highlights the most important library resources for German Studies at Dickinson. Finding Books on German Language, Literature, and History