All cases of acute myocardial infarction occurring in the community of Goteborg in certain age groups have been registered in an Infarction Register for more than a decade. All survivors have systematically been followed-up at a special Postmyocardial Infarction Clinic. Sixty-one cases of myocardial infarction below the age of 40 were registered through the years 1968–78. Fifteen men died either outside hospital or in hospital in the acute stage. The annual incidence of a first myocardial infarction was low — 6.1 and 29.4 per 100 000 males in the age groups 30–34 years and 35–39 years, respectively. However, the incidence among Finnish immigrants was significantly higher than among other groups, the figures being similar to those reported from Helsinki. Compared with older patients, the survivors below the age of 40 seemed to have larger and more complicated infarcts.

During an II-year follow-up the mortality was significantly lower among patients below the age of 40 than in older age groups. The incidence of non-fatal reinfarctions and the prevalence of angina pectoris did not differ between the groups. The non-fatal reinfarctions could not be predicted from primary or secondary risk factors.


The paper describes the technology for launching and shipping 2 200 t caissons with a bottom-sitting type semi-submersible barge for a project.The paper also presents the precautions and the safety measures that should be taken for launching caissons with semi-submersible barges.A new way for launching caisson is explored.


The spectral analysis is still a valuable method to the seismic structure design, especially when one focalizes the topics of secondary systems in large industrial installations, as nuclear power plants. Two aspects of this situation add their arguments to recommend the use of this kind of analysis: the random character of the excitation and the multiplicity and the variability of the secondary systems. The first aspect can be managed if one assumes the site seismicity represented by a power spectrum density function of the ground acceleration, and then, by the systematic resolution of a first passage problem, to develop a uniformly probable response spectrum. The second one suggests also a probabilistic approach to the response spectrum in order to be representative all over the extensive group of systems with different characteristics, which can be enrolled in a plant. The present paper proposes a computational tool to achieve in-structure floor response spectra for secondary system design, which includes a probabilistic approach and considers coupling effects between primary and inelastic secondary systems. The analysis is performed in the frequency domain, with SASSI2000 system. A set of auxiliary programs are developed to consider three-dimensional models and their responses to a generic base excitation, acting in 3 orthogonal directions. The ground excitation is transferred to a secondary system SDOF model conveniently attached to the primary system. Then, a uniformly probable coupled response spectrum is obtained using a first passage analysis. In this work, the ExeSASSI program is created to manage SASSI2000 several modules and a set of auxiliary programas created to perform the probabilistic analyses.


This paper presents a source selection system based on attribute co-occurrence framework for ranking and selecting Deep Web sources that provide information relevant to users requirement. Given the huge number of heterogeneous Deep Web data sources, the end users may not know the sources that can satisfy their information needs. Selecting and ranking sources in relevance to the user requirements is challenging. Our system finds appropriate sources for such users by allowing them to input just an imprecise initial query. As a key insight, we observe that the semantics and relationships between deep Web sources are self-revealing through their query interfaces, and in essence, through the co-occurrences between attributes. Based on this insight, we design a co-occurrence based attribute graph for capturing the relevances of attributes, and using them in ranking of sources in the order of relevance to user's requirement. Further, we present an iterative algorithm that realizes our model. Our preliminary evaluation on real-world sources demonstrates the effectiveness of our approach.


An examination of the current application of the Treaty of Waitangi - what it means for us today. This book covers the history of the Treaty, i.e. events leading up to the signing, the signing, the different versions etc; but it also brings the implications of the Treaty up to date. Previous books go up to 1975 but this book looks at legal and political details since that time. It also looks at the wider issues, e.g. different attitudes between Pakeha and Maori, the foreshore and seabed issue. In addition there is practical information on topics like: * What does an understanding of the principles mean? * What are my obligations as a citizen of NZ? * Some examples of legislation requiring obligations. Including case studies, examples and commentary, this book is essential reading for every New Zealander, and especially for anyone working in government or local government; anyone applying for resource management consents; and any public body required to honour the principles of the Treaty, e.g. schools, kindergartens etc. ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Marcia Stenson is the author of Illustrated History of New Zealand .She has been a secondary school History teacher and a Deputy-Principal, and she has written a number of books including the classic The Story of New Zealand .


ABSTRACT The mobile telephony market is a very competitive market. Mobile telephony companies try to expand by forming strategic alliances with companies from various industries. The objective of this paper is to analyze the motives, the actions and the results of the collaborations and alliances of two Greek mobile telephony companies (Cosmote and Vodafone Hellas). In addition, this paper illustrates examples of how the technology change and the technological convergence (Internet, computers, and mobile telephony) affected and activated the proliferation of these alliances. The entry of I-mode and Vodafone Live! in the Greek market caused an increase in the number of alliances especially with content aggregators and media companies. INTRODUCTION During the last decade, strategic alliances have experienced a tremendous growth. Specifically, telecommunications companies have exploited strategic alliances to achieve competitive advantage and handle the organizational and technological complexities of the global market. In Greece, the mobile telecommunication sector is a quite competitive market. Cosmote and Vodafone Hellas are the mobile operators with the largest Greek market share. During the last years, each company has formed a significant number of alliances. This paper investigates the reasons for this alliance's booming. It shows that the technology evolution (from 2G to 2.5G or to 3G), the convergence of mobile telephony with Internet and computers, together with the globalization drove Vodafone Hellas and Cosmote to large numbers of alliances with content aggregators, media companies, equipment manufacturers, Internet service providers, computer and software companies. Both companies formed their alliances in order to support their innovative products "i-mode" and "Vodafone Live!". After a major alliance with the Japanese NTTDoCoMo, Cosmote concentrated its efforts in enriching i-mode's content. Similarly, Vodafone Hellas' intention was the successful deployment of Vodafone Live! into the Greek market. In this paper we present Cosmote's and Vodafone's alliance partners and we examine the motives for each alliance and the resources contributed by each alliance partner. Finally, we show the necessity and emergency of proper alliance formations for a mobile company, in order to survive and to further grow in the continuously changeable mobile telecommunications sector. STRATEGIC ALLIANCES Strategic alliances are formed when two or more companies agree to collaborate with each other on some domain, from the common manufacturing to the risky Research and Development domain. By linking the specific assets and facets of two or more businesses, a strategic alliance is able to provide a "trading partnership that enhances the effectiveness of the competitive strategies of the participating firms by providing mutually beneficial trade in technology, skills and/or products" (Yoshino & Rangan, 1995). Companies establish alliances in order to achieve their goals based on cooperation with appropriate partners. Furthermore, companies ally in order to stretch their boundaries, gain access to critical resources, restructure their capabilities and accumulate resources, experience and knowledge (Kogut, 1988). In a broad interpretation, strategic alliances are agreements between companies that remain independent while often they are in competition. Yoshino and Rangan (1995) have referred three common characteristics of alliances: * The partnering companies continue to remain independent even after the formation of the alliance. * The partners allocate responsibility for the conduct and performance of specific sets of tasks and are then able to jointly share the benefits. * The partners contribute on an ongoing basis, using their own resources and capabilities for the development of one or more areas of the alliance (important for them). …


The purpose of this study is the roentgenological elucidation for the slight disturbance of micturition. The method is as follows: the patient was given four exposures, such as an injection film, a contraction film, a film two minutes after injection, and a choke voiding film in 45 degree oblique position. The contrast medium for choke voiding is 7% NaI or 19% Urografin which was injected retrogradely into the bladder. Among 171 cases, normal cases were 50, pathological cases, 96 and slight disturbance of micturition, 25. 1) The normal degree of dilating function of the posterior urethra. -the difference between the choke voiding film and the injection filmis as follows, the internal orifice (A) is 3-7 mm, the upper part of verumontanum (B) is 2-7 mm, the part of verumontanum (C) is 2-5 mm, and the part of external sphincter (D) is 2-5 mm. 2) The normal degree of contraction by choke voiding at the prostatic urethra is 2-6 mm. (E) 3) The main cause of the slight disturbance of micturition is the neurogenic or muscular disorders in the internal sphincter. The former: (A) and (B) are at the high grade and (E) is low. The latter: (A) and (B) are at the low grade and (E) is almost normal. 4) Among the cases of the slight disturbance of micturition, there are many of cases who belong to the category of chronic prostatitis, neurogenic bladder and prostatism. 5) The author presumes that the whole posterior urethra is the organ of urinary control and that the sphincter mechanism in the part of verumontanum is weaker than others. 6) As the roentgenological elucidation for the slight disturbance of micturition, the author recommends an injection film, a contraction film, a film after injection and a choke voiding film.


The total hip arthroplasty is a surgical intervention that replaces the anatomical hip joint for a prosthetic joint. Even though it is considered to be among the most successful, safe and cost-effective surgical procedures, implant failures related to the prosthesis' design and placement still occur in a considerable number. The absence of reliable landmarks defining the alignment of the femur and pelvis and restricted accessibility makes the placement of the hip implant even more difficult during surgery. Every year, around one million individuals around the world undergo a total hip replacement, therefore restoring its functionality. Due to an ageing population, the amount of primary THA interventions tends to increase in the near future. In addition, revision arthroplasties depend on the amount of bone tissue remaining and therefore the risks and cost of this intervention are increased. Hence, the development of a methodology that computationally recreates the patient-specific hip joint combined with a set of tools that enable the presurgical study and optimization of the different hip prosthesis sizing and positioning is the main focus of the work here presented. This way, a surgical planning based on the processing and computational modeling of medical images, usually CT-Scans, will provide the physician, at an early pre-surgical stage, quantitative information about the performance of the different implant designs and materials in a straightforward, time-effective way, and therefore enhance the surgery planning minimizing the influence of the surgeon's expertise and clinical practice and ultimately reducing the incidence of related complications. In a way to create a set of tools directed for an inexperienced user without technical knowledge on the implemented algorithms, the methodologies here presented are mostly automatic and straightforward. The framework was implemented in pyFormex, which is an open source program under development at IBiTech-bioMMeda that provides a wide range of operations for generating, transforming and manipulating surface meshes. The medical images used in this study were acquired from a heterogeneous population of patients by computerized tomography and were made available to us by the medical clinic Quandrantes, in Lisbon, and by the Universitair Ziekenhuis, in Ghent. Both image groups differ in resolution: while the slice thickness in the Ghent images is 0.625 mm on average, the slice thickness of the Lisbon image group is between 5 and 7 mm, which is around 10 times higher. The presented methodology will have two different stages: the first is the automatic segmentation of the femur bone from CT-Scans with high and low resolution and the second is the anatomical landmark and axis extraction that will allow the guidance and positioning of the implant.


1. Habitat amount and patch isolation are important determinants of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We studied the separate and interactive effects of these two components of habitat fragmentation on host-parasitoid interactions in a replicated landscape-scale study. 2. We used trap-nesting solitary bees, wasps and their natural enemies as study system. We exposed trap nests in 30 tree patches in agricultural landscapes in northern Switzerland. Study sites were either (i) adjacent to forest (adjacent), (ii) distant from forest but connected through woody elements (connected) or (iii) distant from forest with no connecting woody elements (isolated). Independent of the three levels of isolation, the amount of woody habitat in the landscapes covered a gradient from 4 to 74%. 3. Host and parasitoid species richness increased with the amount of habitat in the landscape and was strongly reduced at isolated compared to adjacent and connected sites. Loss of host species richness was 21% at isolated compared to non-isolated sites, whereas parasitoid species richness decreased by 68%, indicating that the higher trophic level was more adversely affected by isolation. Most importantly, habitat amount and isolation had a pronounced interactive effect on parasitism: while isolation resulted in a strong decrease in parasitism in landscapes with low habitat amount, this effect was mitigated by high habitat amount. These interactive effects were consistent across the three years of the study. 4. The observed interplay between habitat amount and patch isolation may explain the often conflicting results in the habitat fragmentation literature and should be considered in future research on multitrophic communities and ecosystem functioning in fragmented landscapes.


WPSAR Vol 12, No 2, 2021 | doi: 10.5365/wpsar.2020.11.3.017 a Department of Entomology, Faculty of Crop and Food Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS) Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Shamsabad, Pakistan. b Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia. c 129 Medical Entomology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia. Published: 7 May 2021 doi: 10.5365/wpsar.2020.11.3.017 The world is facing serious health and economic threats from the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The burden of disease has been significant, with tens of millions of cases and more than 1.5 million deaths reported globally.1 Since its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, COVID-19 has spread around the world, affecting almost all countries. COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease that is spread by direct contact and respiratory droplets, and patients can be infective while presymptomatic or asymptomatic.2 To reduce opportunities for transmission, most developed countries have implemented lockdowns, causing significant social and economic disruption. Mosquitoborne diseases, such as malaria and dengue, are a substantial burden in many countries, especially those with developing economies. Malaria is the most significant mosquito-borne disease, with about 228 million cases reported in 2018 and 231 million in 2017, and 405 000 deaths in 2018 and 416 000 in 2017.3 Dengue is the most commonly reported arboviral disease internationally, with Asia suffering a significant disease burden.4 In countries facing endemic and epidemic malaria and dengue, disruption to government services (in health and non-health sectors) and to public health services could severely impact the ability to implement strategic responses to mosquito-borne diseases. As of 30 June 2020, all malaria-endemic countries in Asia had confirmed cases of COVID-19, and those with developing economies face a particularly serious threat to malaria control efforts. In these countries, local authorities responsible for malaria and dengue control must make strategic preparations for continuing with control measures, both during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Malaria and dengue control programmes in developing countries mainly focus on vector control by residual spraying of insecticides (other strategies include biological control of vectors and use of personal insect repellents and long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets).5 Between 2000 and 2015, malaria-endemic countries achieved remarkable success in malaria control, seeing about 60% reduction in malaria deaths and 37% reduction in cases. However, disrupting factors (e.g. war) can weaken malaria control programmes and result in a resurgent burden of malaria.6


Mr. Sheng Cheng, a famous scholar, lived in Taiwan for 18 Years and wrote many papers concerning Taiwan. In his Memoirs, he discussed the issues of Taiwan and formed his systematic viewpoints of Taiwan.


CARLSBAD, Calif. and CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Dec. 19, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -Akcea Therapeutics, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (NASDAQ: IONS), today announced that the Phase 3 COMPASS study met its primary endpoint. COMPASS is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 26-week Phase 3 study evaluating volanesorsen in 113 patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia. The average incoming triglyceride level of patients in the study was 1,261 mg/dl. Patients treated with volanesorsen experienced clinically meaningful benefits on triglycerides as summarized below:


Dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) has important roles in the ecosystem. They act as a predator, control population, and indicator of environmental pollution. The research objectives are to inventory and calculate the species diversity of dragonflies in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park (Babul NP) region and also measure the environment quality of rivers according to the Species Diversity Index (SDI). The study was conducted through exploration in the six resorts. Dragonflies specimens will be identified and confirmed to LIPI Cibinong, Bogor, West Java. SDI calculated by the Shannon-Wiener formula. The results showed that there are 27 species of Odonata (17 members of the Suborder Anisoptera and 10 of Suborder Zygoptera) in Babul NP region. SDI shows >2.41 means that environmental quality is in very good category. The conclusion of this research was that dragonflies in the Babul NP is very diverse with the discovery of 27 species in six working area resort.


CoTeMoO6 single crystals are obtained from high temperature solutions (526 °C) of CoTeMoO6 by spontaneous crystallization on a Pt wire using a eutectic mixture of TeO2 and MoO3 as solvent.


SUMMARY The pharmacokinetics of blood concentration of gentamicin were studied after total hip joint arthroplasties performed with 'Cerafix Genta R in 10 patients. Urine was collected at 12-hour intervals for 15 days after operation, and drainage fluids up to 108 hours. Blood samples were taken 3 and/or 5 hours after prosthesis implantation. High concentrations of gentamicin were found in drainage fluids. Excretion curves in drain fluids or urine were fitted by the computer aided design C.A.D. (SIAM) and the mean curves established. The mean percentage of total gentamicin released by the two routes, was 4.95% of the implanted quantity. With the help of a C.A.D it is concluded that blood concentrations are under toxicity and concentrations of gentamicin locally reach effective levels.


This report reviews the strengths and limitations of moisture monitoring technologies that could be used for determining moisture concentration in Hanford Site single-shell ferrocyanide waste tanks. Two technologies (neutron diffusion and near-infrared spectroscopy) are being pursued as part of the ferrocyanide program. A third technology, Raman spectroscopy, is in development as a speciation tool at the Westinghouse Hanford Company 222-S Laboratory. The potential application of Raman spectroscopy to moisture monitoring is discussed.


False information could be dangerous if the claim is not debunked timely. Fact-checking organisations get a high volume of claims on different topics with immense velocity. The efficiency of the fact-checkers decreases due to 3V problems volume, velocity and variety. Especially during crises or elections, fact-checkers cannot handle user requests to verify the claim. Until now, no real-time curable centralised corpus of fact-checked articles is available. Also, the same claim is fact-checked by multiple fact-checking organisations with or without judgement. To fill this gap, we introduce FakeKG: A Knowledge Graph-Based approach for improving Automated Fact-checking. FakeKG is a centralised knowledge graph containing fact-checked articles from different sources that can be queried using the SPARQL endpoint. The proposed FakeKG can prescreen claim requests and filter them if the claim is already fact-checked and provide a judgement to the claim. It will also categorise the claim's domain so that the fact-checker can prioritise checking the incoming claims into different groups like health and election. This study proposes an approach for creating FakeKG and its future application for mitigating misinformation.


The initial stages of the growth of vanadium overlayers on TiO2(1 1 0) at room temperature have been investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy. At very low coverages both individual vanadium adatoms and small vanadium clusters have been imaged with good resolution. The V adatoms adsorb preferentially on the so-called ''upper threefold hollow'' sites, as revealed by atomically resolved STM images: they are thus bonded to two bridging oxygen atoms and one threefold coordinated basal oxygen atom. At higher coverages the vanadium adlayers grow in form of poorly ordered three-dimensional islands. The number of V clusters at low coverages decreases by gentle annealing or with time even at room temperature. This kinetic effect has been interpreted in terms of sub-surface migration of V ada-


Background: Relapsed NBs harbor an enrichment in mutations activating RAS-MAPK signaling pathway. The MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib has shown tumor growth delay but not regressions in NB preclinical models. Recent studies have implicated the Hippo pathway transcriptional coactivator protein YAP in relapsed NBs as well as trametinib resistance in other cancers. We hypothesized that increased YAP transcriptional activity is a mechanism of MEK1/2 inhibition resistance in RAS-driven NBs. Methods: We screened a panel of NB cell lines for mutations predicted to hyperactive the RAS pathway and for high YAP expression. NLF and SK-N-AS cells were treated with the MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib (20 nM) over 72hrs, and changes in YAP protein expression and cellular localization were observed via immunoblot. YAP protein expression was modulated in NLF, SK-N-AS, and SK-N-FI cells by siRNA-mediated knockdown, CRISPR-Cas9 genetic knockout, and constitutive overexpression. Effects on survival, proliferation, and signaling were observed with and without trametinib treatment by CellTiter-Glo cell cycle analysis, RT-qPCR, and immunoblot. Synergy studies were performed to assess the combination of trametinib and a YAP/TEAD transcriptional activity inhibitor (Vivace Therapeutics) using Incucyte and CellTiter-Glo. Results: In nuclear extracts of NLF (biallelic NF1 inactivation) and SK-N-AS (NRAS Q61K), trametinib caused a near-complete translocation of YAP protein into the nucleus after 72 hrs. Transient knockdown and genetic knockouts of YAP in untreated NLF cells had a modest effect by decreasing proliferation by 20% (p Conclusion: Prolonged trametinib exposure causes a marked nuclear enrichment of active YAP, and co-inhibition of MEK and YAP in NB models effectively reduces proliferation and survival. Genetic depletion of YAP in NB cell lines caused a significant increase in sensitivity to trametinib, which was rescued with overexpression of a constitutively-active YAP-5SA. We have identified a potential drug combination to target a YAP-driven mechanism of trametinib resistance in RAS-driven NBs to support future development of a novel combination therapy for NB patients. Citation Format: Grace E. Coggins, Alvin Farrel, Komal Rathi, Colin M. Hayes, Tracy Tang, Leonard Post, John M. Maris. The Hippo pathway protein YAP mediates resistance to MEK1/2 inhibition in neuroblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2886.


A new quasistatic analysis of a coplanar waveguiding structure with multidielectric layers is presented, using a hybrid approach that combines the Galerkin finite-element method and the conformal-mapping technique. In the study, Wen's mapping function is adopted, which not only transforms the infinity problem domain into a finite region, but also overcomes the field singularity difficulty around the strip edges. Numerical results for effective dielectric constants, characteristic impedances, charge distributions and field distributions for various multilayer coplanar line structures are presented and the magnetic wall assumption over the slot is also investigated.


The superconductivity of the HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+x (1223) and HgBa2Ca3Cu4O10+x (1234) phases was studied by resistivity measurements under high pressure. The highest onset Tc (Tco) was 156 K at 25 GPa for a 1223 and 1234 mixed-phase sample and 140 K at 13 GPa for a 1223-phase sample. The Tco decreased after the maximum point with the increase of pressure.


It has been argued that crowd-sourcing offers a radical alternative to conventional ways of mapping, challenging the hegemony of official and commercial cartographies. In this view mapping might begin to offer a forum for different voices, mapping different things, enabling new ways of living. Instead of Latourian notion of the map as immutable mobile, fixing knowledge and bodies and facilitating governance, the wikification of mapping might facilitate a more mutable politics. This paper focuses on these possibilities by examining OpenStreetMap (OSM), arguably the most significant and emancipatory of neo-geographic assemblages. While not underplaying the importance of a political economic understanding of the Geoweb, it suggests we need to attend more to the contexts through which emergent knowledge communities enact alternatives, and that notions of practice are central in any evaluation of changing politics of representation. Communities involved in OSM contest the geographies that they call into being, and this process can be narrated through a consideration of local action, in different map spaces and places. A processual view of mapping reveals the extent of mutability of OSM, and highlights many of the tensions evident in collaborative remapping. New ways of mapping reciprocally create and reinforce newly expert knowledge communities that may be emancipatory, but that may also reify power relations. Crowd-sourced mapping is likely to comprise a hybrid of mutable and immutable elements.


As we approach the fourth quarter of the year, most of our physician clients now have a fairly good idea of what their taxable income will be for 2013. If you are like these clients, you may be wondering "is there anything I can do now to save taxes on April 15?" The answer is very likely "yes."


Polysemy has only recently entered the debate on semantic minimalism and contextualism. This is surprising considering that the key linguistic examples discussed in the debate, such as 'John cut th...


...the building blocks of this nation are all our languages working together, our unique idiomatic expressions that reveal the inner meanings of our experiences. These are the foundations on which our common dream of nationhood should be built...The nurturing of this reality depends on our willingness to learn the languages of others, so that we in practice accord all our languages the same respect. In sharing one's language with another, one does not lose possession of one's words, but agrees to share these words so as to enrich the lives of others. For it is when the borderline between one language and another is erased, when the social barriers between the speaker of one language and another are broken, that a bridge is built, connecting what were previously two separate sites into one big space for human interaction, and, out of this, a new world emerges and a new nation is born.


We study a five-dimensional perfect fluid coupled with Kaluza-Klein gravity. By dimensional reduction, a modified form of Maxwell's equation is obtained, which is relevant to the equation of state of the source. Since the relativistic magnetohydrodynamics and the three-dimensional formulation are widely used to study space matter, we derive the modified Maxwell's equations and relativistic magnetohydrodynamics in 3+1 form. We then take an ideal Fermi gas as an example to study the modified effect, which can be visible under high-density or high-energy conditions, while the traditional Maxwell's equation can be regarded as a result in the low density and low temperature limit. We also indicate the possibility to test the state-relevant effect of Kaluza-Klein theory in a telluric laboratory.


The invention provides an embedded system and a dormancy and wake-up method of an application process thereof. The embedded system uses a traditional nonvolatile main storage and a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) internal storage to form a storage framework, the nonvolatile main storage is composed of a boot program storage area, a core storage area, a file system storage area and a progress mirror image backup area, wherein the progress mirror image backup area is divided into a mirror image indexing area and a mirror image data storage area, and can hang application processes in a nonvolatile storage. The embedded system and the dormancy and wake-up method can achieve system-level and single-process dormancy, enable process dormancy and wake-up management to be flexible and convenient, can reduce work load of data backup and recovery of dormancy and wake-up of the traditional embedded system and a large amount of storage spaces occupied by data backup in system dormancy, and accordingly improve operating efficiency of the embedded system.


The fluorescence spectra behavior of tanshinone I under different pH conditions was studied.The results show that TSS I can be an emission of fluorescence in a wide pH range,and can reach the biggest intensity in pH 2~3.The fluorescence intensity can be quenched in strong acid or basic media it's fluorescence analytical method is founded.Under the optimal conditions,the linear range(×10 -6 mol/L)is 1~40,detection limit is 1×10 -6 mol/L and relative standard deviation(%) is 0.29,respectively.


GYROTRON IVA has been used as the millimeter-wave source in a series of scattering experiments on the TORTUS tokamak plasma at the University of Sydney. The aim of this work was to study the occurrence of Discrete Alfven Wave modes and Kinetic Alfven Waves when the plasma was heated by RF power.


Cell type-specific transcription factors control stem and progenitor cell transitions by establishing networks containing hundreds of genes and proteins. Network complexity renders it challenging to discover essential versus modulatory or redundant components. This scenario is exemplified by GATA2 regulation of hematopoiesis during embryogenesis. Previously, we demonstrated that loss of Gata2, −77 enhancer disrupts the GATA2-dependent genetic network governing erythro-myeloid differentiation. The aberrant network includes the transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor-8 and a host of innate immune regulators. Mutant progenitors lose the capacity to balance production of diverse myelo-erythroid progeny. To elucidate mechanisms, we asked if IRF8 is essential, contributory or not required. Irf8 ablation, in the context of the −77 mutant allele, reversed granulocytic deficiencies of −77−/− embryos and rescued an imbalance of dendritic cell progenitors. Despite many dysregulated components that control vital processes, including transcription and signaling, aberrant elevation of a single transcription factor deconstructed the differentiation program.


In order to improve network security protection capabilities, according to the requirements of the classified protection 2.0 of cybersecurity, the network is divided into five grades. Networks that involve national security and social public interests must be graded and evaluated. In the level evaluation stage, the cryptographic products used on the network need to be approved and comply with the regulations of State Cryptography Administration Office of Security Commercial Code Administration (OSCCA). The use of commercial cryptographic technology in the network must meet the standardization requirements. Based on this, the evaluation platform of commercial cryptography application was designed. The functional design of the platform is based on the cryptographic technology of the existing information system, summarizing the application characteristics of the mainstream commercial cryptographic technology in the network, including 7 types of testing items, and testing the cryptographic functions of the system according to the cryptographic industry standards and national standards. Verify the authenticity of the information source, the integrity of the data, the confidentiality of the information, and the non-repudiation of the behavior. At present, the main functions of the platform have been designed and built, and all functions such as user management, database services, and core testing have been verified. The later will be further improved to promote the standardization and correctness of commercial cryptographic system applications. The system self-inspection and self-inspection monitoring methods derived from the evaluation platform of commercial cryptography application are provided to the system builders and operators, providing effective commercial cryptographic system testing tools for cryptographic evaluation agencies, and powerful monitoring methods for supervision and inspection agencies.


In the last 15 years, several Multivariate GARCH (MGARCH) models have appeared in the literature. The two most widely known and used are the Scalar BEKK model and the DCC model. Some recent research has begun to examine MGARCH specifications in terms of their out-of-sample forecasting performance. In this paper, we provide an empirical comparison of a set of MGARCH models, namely BEKK, DCC, Corrected DCC (cDCC), CCC of Bollerslev, Exponentially Weighted Moving Average, and covariance shrinking, using the historical data of 89 US equities. Our methods contribute to the literature in several directions. First, we consider a wide range of models, including the recent cDCC model and covariance shrinking. Second, we use a range of tests and approaches for direct and indirect model comparison. Third, we examine how the model rankings are influenced by the cross-sectional dimension of the problem.


The relationship between lipid accumulation and gene expression in Nannochloropsis gaditana was investigated by sequencing the transcriptomes with Illumina Hiseq 2000.After trimming and quality checking,a total of 29 203 unigenes were obtained.The expression of 7 305 unigenes was up-regulated at logarithm growth phase while 9 745 were up-regulated at stationary growth phase.Based on the similarity search against NCBI databank,13 775 unigenes were annotated.Using the KEGG pathway database,238 pathways were constructed on which 818 unigenes were up-regulated at logarithm growth phase,and 248 pathways were constructed,on which and 1 148 unigenes were up-regulated at stationary growth phase.Altogether 195 unigenes were found to be involved in lipid metabolism,of them 53 unigenes were up-regulated at logarithm growth phase and 47 unigenes were up-regulated at stationary growth phase.With the help of COG database,11 604 unigenes were clustered into 25 functional categories including material and signal transduction,energy production and conversion,amino acid metabolism,and among others.


The problem of this study was concerned with the effectiveness of using Flipped Lesson Model in teaching reading comprehension. The objective of this study was to find out whether or not Flipped lesson model was effective to use in teaching reading to the students of English Education Study Program Baturaja University. In this study, pre-experimental method was used. The result it was found mean score of pre-test 48,33 and the mean score of post-test was 61,55 based on calculating of t-test, the value of sign. 0,000 less than the significance level (α = 0,05) the value of tobtained = 11,642 was more than ttable = 1,69 with df 29, and the value of sig. (2-tailed was 0,000). It less then the significance lavel (α = 0,05). Based on the result of t-test had been given, the researcher concluded that it was effective teaching reading by using Flipped Lesson Model to EFL Learners.


Scholars of language development have long been challenged to understand the development of functional categories. Traditionally, it was assumed that children's language development initially relies on lexical elements, while functional elements become accessible only at later periods; and that it is lexical growth which bootstraps grammatical development. Over the last decades, however, a growing body of empirical research has come to contradict the traditional view. This new research involves a wide range of methodologies (e.g. discrimination, comprehension, production, neurophysiological) and a variety of languages, and extends the study of functional categories throughout development, beginning in infancy. In this article, the authors review a transformation that has occurred in the field. While lexical categories have long been assumed to be foundational to language acquisition, now functional categories have been revealed to play a foundational role. The article selects highlights of critical evidence emerging from various methods, languages and developmental periods, and articulates leading questions that now confront our field. Evidence suggests that language acquisition in the child, which begins long before first words, includes a continuous acquisition of functional categories. Functional categories provide a skeleton for sentence construction and a foundation for grammatical organization throughout acquisition.


In recent years, asset securitization has become one of the most important financing vehicles in the us. Its use, however, is now rapidly expanding world-wide. Examples include the securitization of telephone and oil revenues in Mexico, of mortgages in the UK, of credit cards and consumer loans in France, and of leases inJapan. This article will explain asset securitization and its unique benefits. In particular, the article will explain why securitization enables many companies to raise funds at a lower cost than through traditional financing.


Background Early initiation of combination antiretroviral treatment (ART) is being considered as a HIV prevention strategy. Thus, it is important to examine the association between ART, viral load (VL) and the sexual behaviour of HIV+ve patients. We compared the reporting of unprotected anal sex (UAI) in 2010 and 2000 among HIV+ve men who have sex with men (MSM) and its association with VL. Methods HIV+ve MSM attending a central London HIV clinic were recruited in cross-sectional surveys in 2000 (411 men) and 2010 (423 men). Data on recent plasma VL (detectable (DVL) or undetectable (UVL)); ARTstatus (treatment naïve or receiving ART); UAI with a boyfriend (main partner) and casual partners in the last 6 and 12 months respectively; boyfriend ' s HIV status (unknown/negative, or positive) were collected. Nonconcordant UAI (ncUAI) was de fi ned as UAI with unknown/negative HIV status partner(s) and concordant UAI (cUAI) as UAI only with HIV+ve partner(s). Men reporting cUAI and ncUAI were treated as engaging in ncUAI. OR for 2010 compared to 2000 for UAI with casual partners were adjusted for age and DVL/UVL. Analysis for UAI with a boyfriend was adjusted also for boyfriend ' s HIV status and is restricted to those reporting a boyfriend. Results Compared to 2000, 2010 respondents were more likely to be on ARTwith UVL (76% vs 40%), but less likely to be on ARTwith DVL (6% vs 32%) or treatment naïve (19% vs 28%), p < 0.001. They were older (age


ABSTRACT. Medeiros L.F.D., Rodrigues V.C., Vieira D.H., Souza S.L.G. de, Neto O.C., Oliveira C.A., Silva L. de A. da S., Figueiredo N. de & Azevedo S. F. de. [Determination of the physiologic parameters, thermal gradient and index of heat tolerance in different breeds of goats.] Determinacao dos parâ- metros fisiologicos, gradiente termico e indice de tolerância ao calor em diferentes racas de caprinos. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 37(4):275-285, 2015. Departamento de Reproducao e Avaliacao Animal, Instituto de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465 Km 7, Seropedica, RJ 23851-970, Brasil. E-mail: email@example.com The aim of this study was to evaluate the adaptation of different exotic breeds of goats through the physiologic responses of rectal temperature (RT), superficial temperature (ST), respiratory frequency (RF), cardiac frequency (CF), and the gradient between RT and ST, and the ST and air temperature (AT) and the heat tolerance index (HTI) by Baccari Junior, under the conditions of hot and humid climate of the Baixada Fluminense, South East Region of Brazil. Forty eight goats were used, being twelve animals of each breed: Saanen, Alpine (european origin), Anglo-nubian and Boer (african origin), between 24 and 30 months of age with medium weight of 50 kg, maintained in intensive system. There were significant difference in the RT, ST, RF and CF between breeds, by morning (P<0.05) and afternoon (P<0.01). The RT, ST, RF and CF of the animals range significant (P<0.01) between the shifts (morning and afternoon) and days, with significant interaction (P<0.01) between morning and afternoon and days, by consequence of the variation of AT. It was found the RT, ST, RF and CF of Saanen and Alpine goats were more higher (P<0.05) by morning (P<0.01) and by afternoon in comparison with Anglo-nubian and Boer goats. There was significant effect (P<0.05) between shifts (morning and afternoon) and breed for the termic gradient (RT-ST). The african breeds average showed more higher in both shifts in comparison as the european breeds. There were significant difference (P<0.05) between breeds for termal gradient (ST-AT). By the application of HTI, the Anglo-nubian and Boer breeds showed the HT higher (9.63 and 9.65) than the Saanen and Alpine breeds (8.89 and 8.91), respectively. The breeds of african origin (Anglo-nubian and Boer) showed more heat tolerance than the breeds of european origin (Saanen and Alpine) by HT. The breeds of european origin reveal more sensitive to termal stress. The african breeds showed more capacity for maintained the homeotermy. So, the use of Anglo-nubian and Boer breeds to increase the goats productivity under the conditions of hot and humid climate of the Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro State, can be advised.


An error-correction method of modifying the position and size of a hyperelliptical discriminant surface is described. The method uses an external teacher from which the only information required is the correct classification for each pattern in the training set. The algorithm may readily be implemented by simple analogue hardware. A digital-computer simulation is described, and results are presented both for the case in which matching between the machine and the teacher is possible, and for the case in which perfect matching is impossible.


We will describe a method by which a first component of an electric circuit of a second component of the electrical circuit is signaled by the transmission of a status signal, that in the second component, a state or an event has occurred, the and the reaction of the first component requires - said first data stored in the second component, which are set upon the occurrence of a first state or event, or of requiring a reaction of the first component by the second component to a certain value and can be the first component is reset, - said second data stored in the second component, which are set upon the occurrence of a second state or event, or of requiring a reaction of the first component by the second component to a certain value and can be the first component is reset, and - wherein the first data and the second data of a logical link are subjected to and the result of the logic operation is used as the transmitted to the first component status signal. The method described is characterized in that another signal is used as the transmitted to the first component status signal after each resetting of the first data or the second data for a predetermined time in place of the result of the logic operation.


Highly thermal robust Ni-germanosilicide has been developed using the novel NiPt/Co/TiN tri-layer. Ni-germanosilicide properties were characterized with different source/drain dopants and Ge concentrations for nanoscale CMOSFETs application. The sheet resistance was degraded as the Ge concentration increases in Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/. Low temperature silicidation and wide range of RTP process window are achieved as well as the improvement of the thermal stability according to different dopant types by the subsequent Co and TiN capping layer above NiPt on Si/sub 1-x/Ge/sub x/.


Applicability of phase changing materials (PCMs) in buildings by their integration into the structure of finishing materials structure in the form of particles is especially high as a mean of providing heat-insulation during summer. Materials containing particles with phase changing behaviour are successfully applied at objects with large daylight areas, focused on active utilization of sunlight energy, among others. Utilization of PCM components allows saving considerable amount of energy due to possible refusal of air-conditioning while providing heat-insulation during summer. The paper deals with the lifecycle analysis of gypsum-based finishing products. Main challenges with respect to the lifecycle of products with PCM components are the preservation of their longevity as well as their potential for reuse/recycling. Through the example of PCM-enhanced plaster covering and gypsum plasterboard factors affecting the preservation of the advantageous thermal properties of PCMs over extended periods were studied, along with options of refining materials and products containing different amounts of PCM components. The results of the research allow comparing similar materials with the use of PCM components and without them as well as analyzing the life cycle related environmental performance of PCM-enhanced finishing materials.


We describe 3-D research transport codes which have been developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory over the last three years. Some simple example calculations are presented.


Combined with indoor rock mechanic experiments,statistical analysis was made for rock′s cohesion,interior friction angle and other rock mechanics parameters.Parameter reduction was conducted based on the current situation of projects on mine.The stability of side slope under the impact of gob area was analyzed.The results indicate that the average safety coefficient of selected section is 0.75,and instability probability,being up to 99.7%,will decrease with the increasing of mean value and coefficient of variation of the random parameter c,φ,among which the change in interior friction angle φ of weathered surrounding rocks has more evident influence on instability probability.During the side slope stability analysis,the random variation in the mechanics parameters of weathered surrounding rocks,such as cohesion and interior friction angle,should be taken into consideration,thus a more scientific and reasonable safety evaluation can be obtained.


In western countries, organizational coordination is regarded as a root for better competitive advantage, by supporting firm to have more differentiated competitive actions. This paper, by empirically testing Chinese firms from three industries, found out that coordination has a negative moderating effect between complexity of repertoire and performance. The conclusion enriched the analysis framework of competitive action (or repertoire) decision, and brought better understanding of firm competitive behavior in emerging economies.


Twelve short sediment cores were collected from Lake Lugu to analyze the particle size composition, magnetic suscepti⁃ bility (χlf), metal content and chemical index of alteration (CIA) in this study. Referencing to the 210Pb and 137Cs dating results, natural factor such as precipitation on the sedimentary characteristics, and human activity records such as agricultural expansion and deforestation, the temporal and spatial variations in sedimentary characteristics of Lake Lugu in recent 150 years and were dis⁃ cussed. The results indicated that the sediments of Lake Lugu were mainly (> 80% ) composed of clay and fine silt. The fine frac⁃ tions (such as clay) showed typical positive correlations with χlf and CIA. The sedimentary proxies showed similar vertical changes in the cores from different lake areas. Before 1920s, χlf and CIA remained low values and the grain size compositions were stable, suggesting weak human disturbance and stable particle input from the catchment. The clay content, χlf and CIA increased gradually since 1920s, which were more remarkable change since ca.1970, indicating enhanced erosion of well⁃weathered and fine⁃grained


Satellite Radar Interferometry (SRI) based on SAR imagery from the European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-1) can detect differential changes in surface elevation on the order of centimeters (Massonnet, et al., 1993, 1994). These changes are embedded in an intermediate fringe map that depicts the pixel by pixel phase difference of the SAR beam from two repeat orbits. The phase difference results from the path length difference viewed by a stereo-pair of coherent complex SAR images, and the movement of surface and near surface active scatterers in the time interval bracketed by the repeat images. After the effect of curvature of the earth ellipsoid is removed, the residual phase difference reflects the surface deformation provided that the spatial separation between the orbits is on the order of meters, or the surface is flat. Otherwise, a terrain correction is necessary. Additional corrections bring the accuracy of orbit separation from •}3 meters, as determined by the accuracy of the restituted state vector measurements, to at least •}0.5 meters, and remove errors caused by variations in the along track elevation. The final interferogram reflects one or more of several components in surface deformation. Examples of the fast ice near Prudhoe Bay in January 1992 shown here display a dense, colorful fringe pattern indicating deformation. Discontinuities in the pattern which are up to tens of kilometers long reflect cracks that separate the fast ice into discrete segments which underwent either compression or tilting between satellite passes. Areas where the fast ice remained stationary and was probably grounded can also be identified. Introduction Satellite Radar Interferometry (SRI) based on SAR imagery acquired from the European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-1) has proven to be useful for detecting surface deformation on the order of centimeters (Goldstein, et al., 1993; Massonnet, et al., 1993, 1994; Peltzer, et al., 1994; Peltzer and Rozen, 1995; Zebker, et al., 1994). Basically, SRI measures the phase difference resulting from differences in the round-trip path length to the same pixel from two orbits, modulated by the wavelength of the SAR system. The input data are two coherent SAR complex images from orbits which are almost precisely repeated, along with the accompanying metadata, which provides information on orbital parameters, and image acquisition and quality. The output is a map which depicts the spatial distribution of the phase difference as a series of fringes which can be color-coded for clarity. Flying at an altitude of 785 (1996.1.5 Received • 1996.3.5 Accepted) Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775-0800, USA Copyright (C)1996 RSSJ


Physics (ABSTRACT) We investigate the dynamics of a three-state stochastic lattice gas, consisting of holes and two oppositely " charged " species of particles, under the influence of an " electric " field, at zero total charge. Interacting only through an excluded volume constraint, particles can hop to nearest neighbor empty sites, but particle-particle exchange between oppositely charged particles is also allowed on a separate time scale. Controlled by this relative time scale, particle density and drive, the system orders into a charge-segregated state. Using a combination of Monte Carlo simulations and continuum field theory techniques, we study the order of these transitions and map out the steady state phase diagram of the system. On a single sheet of transitions, a line of multicritical points is found, separating the first order and continuous transitions. Furthermore, we study the steady-state structure factors in the disordered phase where homogeneous configurations are stable against small harmonic perturbations. The average structure factors show a discontinuity singularity at the origin which in real space predicts an intricate crossover between power laws of different kinds. We also seek for generic statistical properties of these quantities. The probability distributions of the structure factors are universal asymmetric exponential distributions. Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to express my special thanks to my Ph.D. thesis advisor Prof. Beate Schmittmann. Besides introducing me into the field of non-equilibrium systems, she provided me with her friendship, encouragement, and permanent moral and financial support, throughout the years of my graduate studies. For the same reasons, I am also deeply indebted to Prof. Royce Zia. I should not pass without mentioning the numerous discussions with both of them, that I greatly benefited from. Thanks to Beate and Royce, I was able to enjoy a creative and fruitful working environment. I would like to express my appreciation toward the efforts made by Prof. Lay Nam Chang, since he has been the Chair of the Physics Department. It has been impossible not to notice the changes that effected the lifes of graduate students in the most positive manner. I also thank to my Diploma thesis advisor, Prof. Jen˝ o Sólyom, for maintaining his friendship, support and interest in my progress, from overseas. I would like to thank Prof. Zoltán Rácz and his family, for helping me through the first (and probably the most difficult) year of mine here at Virginia Tech. I greatly appreciate …


DOI: 10.2514/1.C000190 Various approximations to unsteady aerodynamics are examined for the aeroelastic analysis of a thin doublewedge airfoil in hypersonic flow. Flutter boundaries are obtained using classical hypersonic unsteady aerodynamic theories: piston theory, Van Dyke's second-order theory, Newtonian impact theory, and unsteady shock-expansion theory. The theories are evaluated by comparing the flutter boundaries with those predicted using computational fluid dynamics solutions to the unsteady Navier–Stokes equations. Inaddition, several alternative approaches to the classical approximations are also evaluated: two different viscous approximations based on effective shapes and combined approximate computational approaches that use steady-state computational-fluid-dynamics-based surrogatemodelsinconjunction withpistontheory.Theresultsindicatethat,with theexceptionof first-order piston theory and Newtonian impact theory, the approximate theories yield predictions between 3 and 17% of normalized root-mean-square error and between 7 and 40% of normalized maximum error of the unsteady Navier–Stokes predictions. Furthermore, the demonstrated accuracy of the combined steady-state computational fluid dynamics and piston theory approaches suggest that important nonlinearities in hypersonic flow are primarily due to steadystate effects. This implies that steady-state flow analysis may be an alternative to time-accurate Navier–Stokes solutions for capturing complex flow effects.


The study comparatively analyzed the capabilities of the US/Allies and the Emerging Powers with the aim of identifying the most advantageous group and the variable that guarantees long lasting influence among nations. It adopted the Realist theory as framework and employed the content analysis design based on secondary data obtained by unobtrusive means and analyzed by descriptive and simple percentage statistical tables and chart for qualitative and quantitative data. The study uncovered that the use of traditional elements of states power as measuring instrument reified military capabilities above all other indices; failed to capture the place of national currencies in the determination of states influence. The study argues that the indices of states power are relative, as such none should claim absolution and if any should assume absolution, the finance or wealth of the nation stands a better chance since it interact on a more consistent basis with all other indices of national power to influence. The study concludes that though the US/Allies still maintain an edge over the Emerging Powers in military and technological innovation, the alliance of the most populous countries with enough financial clout is a big challenge. The study recommends that national currency be added as an index of states power; the US/Allies should redirect their investment on defense to the development of the least developed areas of the earth to garner more influence; the Emerging Powers should devout their financial clout towards economic development rather than pursue parity in military terms with the US/Allies to ensure a stable global society devoid of arm race and its attendant consequences.


One-hundred research subjects completed a standardized test measuring moral autonomy, a game-theory exercise measuring belief in the predictability of decisions, a previously published scale measuring belief in free will, and a previously unpublished survey measuring the conceptual structure of evil. Greater moral autonomy was positively correlated with game-theory postulations of predictable decision-making, rather than freely willed decision-making, and was negatively correlated with a factor-analysis theme suggesting that "the nature of evil is revealed by God." Belief in free will was positively correlated with the theme suggesting that "the nature of evil is revealed by God" and was negatively correlated with themes suggesting that "the potential for evil is within everyone," that "the reality of others prevents harm to others," and that "good will prevail over evil." These results support the conclusion that morally autonomous individuals do not behave as if they have free will. Instead, they behave as if their decision-making is predictable and determined.


Melamine cyanurate (MCA) and bicyclic phosphates (BP) were combined and added into polyamide6 (PA6) with the polyethylene oxide (PEO) as dispersing agent by melt blend, then the flame retardant PA6 fibers were prepared by melt spinning. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to characterize the morphology and properties of the blends. The results indicated that the MCA particles with diametric size about 400nm are highly uniformly in the PA6 matrix, the spinnability and tensile strength of flame retardant PA6 fibers declined due to co-addition of MCA and M102B, TGA showed the flame retardant PA6 fibers decomposed early and retained high solid residue. From Flammability testing, an increase of oxygen index to 33.2% and an improvement of the UL-94 classification to V-0 were observed.


Hybrid composites composed of particulate inclusion in the resin for fiber reinforced plastics are manufactured using the low-cost vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) composite technology. Particulate inclusions are known to influence to some degree, the thermo-mechanical properties of resin systems and are dispersed in the resin before fabrication by this low cost processing technique. Particulates are dispersed in resin systems via ultrasonic agitation to obtain exfoliated/ intercalated particle dispersion morphology. Highly dispersible grade particulate boehmite nano-alumina with 110nm mean particle size was pre-dispersed in a low viscosity epoxy resin prior to VARTM processing. Fiber lay-up with high tow density (10K) S-glass fabric was impregnated. The flow regime of the infused modified resin and the mold setup configuration influence the percolation and filtration of the particulates in the mold lay-up. The occurrence of filtration depends on the mold lay-up configuration and flow regime. The flow pattern is varied to induce filtration by transverse percolation through the distribution media and through-fabric longitudinal flow schemes (without distribution media). Resin samples from the flow front were collected and are studied via thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The dynamics of particulate flow and the potential filtration effects due to the fiber lay-up during the infusion of low viscosity resin are studied. These are based on analyzing the residual mass of the 110nm alumina particles in epoxy resin that is collected after infusion through the fiber lay-up during the manufacture of advanced hybrid composite.Copyright © 2007 by ASME


In this work we deal with an inhomogeneous Bethe lattice percolation model where the probability of an edge in level n is open changes according as n. This model can be appropriate to the case where the media changes its density in a systematic way, such as the proliferation of insects that depends on the temperature and humidity, which fluctuates between day and night. We consider the case where the density p(·) follows a function of the distance l(.) from the origin, given by a sinusoid function p(·) = p+ (1 - p)|sin(l(.))|. For this model we present results of Monte-Carlo simulation showing the behavior of the probability of percolation with a second-order phase transition, but we present too a formal proof that the density is non trivial, with the mathematical expression to compute the percolation threshold.


IEEE 802.15.4 is a protocol for low-rate wireless personal area networks. It contains two topologies: the star topology and the peer-to-peer topology. It has good performances for the star topology. However, the beacon collisions with other beacons, data or control frames make the multi-hop beacon-enabled mode difficult to be built and maintained. Although nonbeacon-enabled has better performance, it also suffers from the hidden terminal problem, which becomes much more serious in the multi-hop network. So an improved scheme for IEEE 802.15.4 nonbeacon-enabled multi-hop network is discussed. Extensive ns-2 simulations are used to verify the proposed scheme. The results show that the proposed scheme can solve the problem availably and can achieve much better performance than the previous standard.


High-temperature requirement A2 (HtrA2) has been known as a human homologue of bacterial HtrA that has a molecular chaperone function. HtrA2 is mitochondrial serine protease that plays a significant role in regulating the apoptosis; however, the physiological function of HtrA2 still remains elusive. To establish experimental system for the investigation of new insights into the function of HtrA2 in mammalian cells, we first obtained HtrA2 +/+ and HtrA2 -/- MEF cells lines and identified those cells based on the expression pattern and subcellular localization of HtrA2, using immunoblot and biochemical assays. Additionally, we observed that the morphological characteristics of HtrA2 -/- MEF cells are different form those of HtrA 2+/+ MEF cells, showing a rounded shape instead of a typical fibroblast-like shape. Growth rate of HtrA2 -/- MEF cells was also 1.4-fold higher than that of HtrA2 +/+ MEF cells at 36 hours. Furthermore, we verified both MEF cell lines induced caspsase-dependent cell death in response to apoptotic stimuli such as heat shock, staurosporine, and rotenone. The relationship between HtrA2 and heat shock-induced cell death is the first demonstration of the research field of HtrA2. Our study suggests that those MEF cell lines are suitable reagents to further investigate the molecular mechanism by which HtrA2 regulates the balance between cell death and survival.


The photodeoxygenation and the photosubstitution of the nitro-group of 2-nitrophenazine 10-oxide has been investigated by kinetics methods supplemented by quenching measurements. Photodeoxygenation by triethylamine occurs quite efficiently (Φrca. 0, 2) in acetonitrile and methanol and is little affected by triethylamine concentration. The other amines employed are much less efficient; their efficiency strongly depends on the amine concentrations. Examination of the fluorescence quenching data with the quantum yields of reduction allows the conclusion that in the case of triethylamine, the main pathway of reduction involves an exciplex derived from the singlet state. The same pathway is also proposed for the reduction by concentrated solutions of other amines in acetonitrile. In different conditions a pathway from a triplet state seems to be more important. Both the pathways lead to the same intermediate. Quenching of the reduction by oxygen and by tetramethyldiazetine dioxide supports this point. The mechanism of photosubstitution of the nitro group is also discussed.


The proposal suggested by the Family Health Strategy (ESF), established by the Ministry of Health and implemented by the Municipal Department of Health involves a reorientation of care, with a focus on health promotion. In order to realize it, it is recommended the performance of an interdisciplinary team which can notice the individual, not the patient, inserted in a collective. In this logic it is necessary to change the hegemonic care practice concerning about the medical professional, under the curative and medication perspective. This study aims to analyze the perceptions of the nursing team about the role of the physician and his care logic with the ESF, in face of the new model of basic health care. This is a qualitative research, with semi-structured script, applied in interviews with a male nurse and five female nurses of the ESF of the city of Sao Joao da Barra and analyzed in the light of the sociology of Bourdieu. The results suggest that the creation of a normative instrument is not capable of changing hegemonic practices, which, due to a certain symbolic power, remain socially recognized, reproducing the existing hierarchical structure in the health area.


The losess hilly region in Yulin is a backward area in economic development.It is backward in ideas,unfavorable in environment,and weak in the infrastfructure of economy and education.In order to quicken the steps of rural economic development,it is imperative to make bigger efforts to change the ideas,to provide more input,to readjust the economic structure,and to strengthen the aid of the developed areas suited to its needs.


Sharing information is regarded as one of the most effective ways of improving supply chain (SC) performance. However, the implementation of SC information sharing in practice is challenging. Effective information sharing across organizations with different objectives and perspectives means sharing the right information, at the right level of detail, using the right language, at the right time, in the right context, with the right people. A failure related to any one of these factors can lead to an information sharing breakdown. This paper introduces information sharing as an essential activity in all SC collaborative work. Since the scope of information sharing varies widely in the literature, the focus of this paper will be on how the absence of information sharing (i.e. asymmetric information) may affect the SC and how SC information sharing can be defined in terms of what, to whom and how information is shared, with an emphasis on the benefits and challenges of SC information sharing. Keywords: supply chains- asymmetric information- information sharing.


Civil infrastructures are vital elements of a nation's economy and quality of life. They represent a massive capital investment, and, at the same time, are an economic engine of enormous power. Modern economies rely on the ability to move goods, people, and information safely and reliably. Consequently, it is of the utmost importance to government, business, and the public at-large that the flow of services provided by a nation's infrastructure continues unimpeded in the face of a broad range of natural and man-made hazards. In a continuous search for increased efficiency, our way of life is increasingly dependent on tightly coupled, highly sophisticated networks of transportation, electric power, and telecommunications systems from which essentially all redundancy has been removed. These systems become vulnerable to failure simply through their inherent complexity – and although failure may be predictable – its mode and mechanisms are not. The terrorist attacks of September 11 provided ample and horrific evidence of a previously unimaginable complex system failure. Passenger throughput and airport security, seemingly unrelated to structural performance, were critical in producing the most devastating building collapse in history. Therefore, from a comprehensive hazard mitigation standpoint, it is necessary to look beyond the first-order effects of an event and instead seek to understand the perturbed behaviours of a complex, "system of systems". Making these systems inherently more resilient and reliable will require more than just improved engineering and technology – complex socio-technological systems also have critical human and institutional elements that need to be integrated into design and operational procedures.


The magnetic trapping of gas phase Co c o r e CoO s h e l l nanoparticles of 160 and 5-10 nm in diameter showed unique patterns of two-dimensional circular or oval distribution and one-dimensional aggregation, respectively, suggesting that granular nanowire can be formed when shell to core ratio is less than 0.38 at 0.5 T.


Several techniques have been developed in the radiation transport community for the calculation of sensitivities in Monte Carlo simulations. We have been investigating application of these techniques to coupled electron-photon transport building on recently developed single-scattering electron-transport algorithms in the Integrated TIGER Series (ITS) codes. Our efforts have focused specifically on the differential-operator and correlated-sampling methods. In a simplified problem, we verify the accuracy of the two methods used in conjunction by comparison with semi-analytic results. We present sensitivity results from the differentialoperator method for two test problems based on validation experiments. We verify the accuracy of the sensitivities by comparison with approximate values calculated by the central-differencing approach. We have found that the correlated-sampling method is generally unstable for electron transport, which we attribute to the large interaction cross sections and lack of particle absorption.


Stanner liked to talk about the Aboriginal men he met on the Daly River during his field work there in the 1930s and again in the 1950s. Paundak, the artist, came down and stayed with him at University House in Canberra in 1961. However, he memorialised his relationship with only one, in 'Durmugam: a Nangiomeri' (Casagrande 1960; Stanner 1979d). He wrote this in response to a request from a North American anthropologist, Joseph Casagrande, to contribute to a collection, In the company of man (1960), in which senior anthropologists each recalled a memorable informant. Among a number of more or less interesting vignettes, Stanner's 'Durmugam' is remarkable for its vividness and passion. Evidently he meant it to be something more than an occasional paper, and in retrospect it is to be read in the context of the broader project that engaged him between the mid 1950s and late 1960s,2 and which can be summed up under the rubric 'Appreciating Aboriginal difference'. Stanner was not the first to attempt this task, the genealogy is long (cf. Povinelli 2002, pp. 111-52), but his achievements outlast them: for their eloquence, their imagination, and their disregard for disciplinary boundaries. As we shall see, however, what he celebrated as difference was selective and idiosyncratic.


Many modern products, especially electronic goods, are protected by brominated flame retardants (BFR). Some of the most common flame retardants are polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDE), tetrabromob ...


Paragonimus rudis was found in a Brazilian otter. We know very little about it as the description by Diesing is short and it has never been found since 1850. Its occurrence in the New World however is suggestive that it is identical with Paragonimnus kellicotti. Paragonimus compactus, although described so long ago as 1859, was not found again until two years ago when I collected it from the lungs of the Indian mongoose, the type host, at a post-mortem at the Zoological Gardens; since then it has been found in the same host on two other occasions, also at the Zoological Gardens. Paragonimus westermanii.-The type of the genus was first described in a paper by Kerbert in 1878. Paragonimus ringeri was described by Cobbold in 1880 from a specimen coughed up by a Portuguese in China and sent to him for diagnosis by the late Sir Patrick Manson. This was the first record of a lung fluke occurring in man. Leuckart and others considered that the two last flukes were identical and therefore the name Paragonimus ringeri was dropped for a time in favour of Paragonimus westermanii. In 1894 a lung fluke was found in North America. At first it was thought to be imported from Asia, but the subsequent discovery of the fluke in the dog and pig in various parts of the States proved that a lung fluke was endemic in the New World. This fluke for some time was considered by Ward and others to be a variety of Paragonimuts westermanii. However


Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a group of mobile nodes that are capable of forming a network without the need of any administrator. Nodes in such a network are battery operated and are self organized and maintained. Energy consumption is considered as a major challenging task in MANETs. In general nodes choose shortest path to transmit the packets. Using single path to transmit packets might lead to congestion, energy depletion and network failure. Instead, identifying multiple paths and transmitting packets through available multiple paths ensure reliable communication, efficient load balancing and reduces energy consumption. An Energy Efficient Load Balancing approach for multipath AOMDV protocol (EELB-AOMDV) is proposed in this paper. NS 2.35 simulator is used and the results are compared with latest multipath routing protocols. Results show that, EELB-AOMDV achieves an improvement of upto 33%, 48% and 34% in packet delivery ratio and upto 78%, 84% and 80% in end to end delay compared to FF-AOMDV, AOMDV and AOMR-LM protocols respectively. In addition, simulation is carried out with standard AOMDV protocol and the results are compared with EELB-AOMDV protocol. Results show that the protocol outperforms standard AOMDV with an improvement of 11.11% in packet delivery ratio. End to end delay, energy consumption and routing overhead are decreased upto 63.35%, 43.95% and 3.66% respectively compared to standard AOMDV protocol.


Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is a metabolic endocrine disease that is considered a «silent killer» because of its rapid growth and increased mortality due to dangerous complications of the disease. Target: Description of self-insulin injection practice of type 2 diabetes outpatient at the National Hospital of Endocrinology, 2020. Factors related to insulin self-injection practice of outpatients at the National Hospital of Endocrinology. Objects and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive studies, 250 Type 2 Diabetes Outpatient Treatment in On-Demand Clinic, National Hospital of Endocrinology from January 2020 -06/2020. Process: ITAS-scale interviews, questions about treatment costs, awareness of insulin self-injection practices. Results: 62.8% male, 68% urban area. Psychological factors group with mean age 61.45 ± 10.43, HbA1C 7.29 ± 1.55, durations of diabetes 11.72 ± 6.47, 184 patients (73.6%) had psychological insulin resistance (PIR). The rate of patients afraid of hypoglycemia 83.2%, seeing treatment failure 80%, patients situation getting worse 69.6%, difficult to determine the correct number and timing of injection 58%. Medical expenses covered by health insurance 91.2%. Age and duration of disease in the group of patients having PIR higher than in the group of patients don't have PIR, HbA1C in the group with PIR lower than in the group without PIR. Over 190 patients self-injected insulin with injection pen: 100% preserved correctly; 97.6% determined the correct injection site; 97.6% had the correct injection time; 98% know how to change injection sites. Elderly age and prolonged illness reduce knowledge about dose compliance and post-use needle disposal. The group with psychological factors has higher understanding of needle flow and needle reuse. Conclude: Psychology and practice of self-insulin injection is a major factor affecting the effectiveness and compliance of insulin injection in patients with type 2 diabetes, which should be considered for counseling.. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, insulin injection, psychological factors when using insulin, ITAS score.


The use of fertilizers based on organic waste as a result of microbial biodegradation and biotransformation is becoming increasingly common practice in plant cultivation. This is to limit the chemicals used in agriculture and thus protect the environment and consumer health. The aim of this study was to evaluate a hitherto unexplored effect of hydrolysates obtained after biodegradation of chicken feather waste by a soil strain of the keratinolytic fungus Trichophyton ajelloi on germination, early growth, and development of plants, in particular with high sulfur requirements, and to verify, in model conditions, their impact on soil biological activity and the total pool of soil DNA. Undiluted and diluted keratin hydrolysate generally stimulated seed germination as well as root and shoot growth of the Lepidium sativum L. (garden cress) and Brassica napus L. var. napus (oilseed rape) on sandy soil (Cambisol I), loamy soil (Cambisol II), and Chernozem. In the model experiment, in the variants with and without oilseed rape on sandy soil and Chernozem, the introduction of keratin hydrolysate generally increased the total abundance of microorganisms. In sandy soil, feather hydrolysate mostly increased respiratory activity, dehydrogenase activity, and alkaline phosphatase activity by an average of approx. 38% and the total DNA pool by 15% and 23% in the variant with and without plants. The activity of protease and acid phosphatase increased by an average of 4% and 6% only in the variant without oilseed rape. Respiratory and enzymatic activity in Chernozem, in the variants with and without oilseed rape, tended to show a downward trend, despite periodically recorded increases. The total DNA pool has increased by 8% in the oilseed rape variant. Oilseed rape biomass was almost two-fold higher after adding feather hydrolysate to both soils, and its yield was higher by 98% in Chernozem than in sandy soil. The results have demonstrated that keratin hydrolysate can be used as a biofertilizer.


Periodically mankind has bewailed the end of substantial progress, repeatedly to find that the apparent end was in fact a beginning. Quotations from the published works of previous eras are given in substantiation of the maintenance of a constructive, forward-looking attitude in spite of present awesome difficulties.


The invention relates to a terahertz wave real-time imaging device and an imaging method thereof. The device comprises a continuous wave terahertz radiation source, an off-axis paraboloidal mirror, a sample platform, a polyethylene lens, a pyroelectric camera and a computer, wherein, the off-axis paraboloidal mirror, the sample platform, the polyethylene lens and the pyroelectric camera are respectively placed on the rear of the continuous wave terahertz radiation source along the transmission direction of an optical path in turn; data is switched into the computer after imaging of the pyroelectric camera. By utilization of the device, terahertz wave real-time imaging of a sample can be realized, and real-time imaging display of an image is performed through the computer. The terahertz wave real-time imaging device has the advantages that: the output frequency and the output power of the wave terahertz radiation source and the imaging magnification ratio of an optical system can be adjusted as required, thereby the detection requirements of different substances are met. Moreover, the device can perform real-time imaging on dangerous articles like cutting tools and so on in wrappages like newspapers, textile fabrics, plastics and so on, and also can perform nondestructive detection on articles in letters.


This paper study repeated games where the time repetitions of the stage game are not known or controlled by the players. We call this feature random monitoring. Kawamori's (2004) shows that perfect random monitoring is always better than the canonical case. Surprisingly, when the monitoring is public, the result is less clear-cut and does not generalize in a straightforward way. Unless the public signals are sufficiently informative about player's actions and/or players are patient enough. In addition to a discount effect, that tends to consistently favor the provision of incentives, we found an information effect, associated with the time uncertainty on the distribution of public signals. Whether payoff improvements are or not possible, depends crucially on the direction and strength of these effects. JEL: C73, D82, D86. KEYWORDS: Repeated Games, Frequent Monitoring, Random Public Monitoring, Moral Hazard, Stochastic Processes.


This study aims to analyze the flow of tilapia trade in Harau Regency and the function of the trading system carried out in marketing tilapia in Harau Regency. The research was conducted in Nagari Solok Bio-Bio, Harau District, Lima Puluh Kota Regency. The research sample was tilapia cultivation farmers selected by random sampling and tilapia marketing institutions in Nagari Solok Bio Bio, Harau Regency, namely traders and retailers using the snowball sampling method. The results showed that there were three patterns of tilapia marketing channels in Harau District, namely Channel 0: Farmers/pokdakan → Final consumers; Channel II: Farmers/pokdakan → Retailers → Final consumers; Channel III : Farmers/pokdakan → wholesalers → Retailer Traders → Final Consumers. The trading functions carried out include the functions of selling, buying, grading, transporting, storing and facilitating.


This paper present a study regarding the emissions produced by the old vehicle engines, and researches about the LPG as an alternative fuel for SIE. The engines utilizing LPG constitute an important part of ecological vehicle engine options. Experimental research has been done for one light vehicle, Dacia (year 2002) equipped with a 1397 (cm) Spark Ignition Engine with Power = 46 (kW) at 5500 (rpm) and Single Point Injection system. There were been made two tests, for each type of fuel (gasoline and LPG), for several increasing engine speeds, using a portable analyzer, GA-21 plus. The parameters measured with the analyzer and used in the analysis are: CO, CO2, NO, NO2 and SO2. It was concluded that the highest pollutants values are when the vehicle was fueled with gasoline. In conclusion, Liquefied Petroleum Gas is the optimal solution in order to reduce the pollution produced by the old running vehicles. Keywords— LPG, Gasoline, Pollution, Spark Ignition Engine, Exhaust Gases.


Objective To evaluate the biocompatibility of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA) foam scaffold and the feasibility of in vitro fabrication of tissue-engineered cartilage with the scaffold as an alternative approach for repairing nasal cartilage defects clinically. Methods Articular chondrocytes from newborn rabbits were isolated and cultured in vitro. Cellular attachment, spreading, and viability of chondrocytes on the membranes and scaffolds of PLGA were analyzed with computer morphological software and MTT method. Chondrocytes were proliferated and seeded in the foam scaffold of PLGA in a density of 6×106cells/ml, then induced with Vit C for 4 weeks. Inverse microscope, histological analysis, scanning electronic microscope (SEM) were used to study the histomorphology of the culture. Results The computer morphological analysis showed that the number of chondrocytes attached on the membrane of PLGA was a few at the initial culture stage, then increased gradually, and was finally close to the control of cover slide in 24h. MTT method showed that the chondracytes in PLGA scaffolds manifolded significantly in 7d than that in 1d and 3d, but the relative growth rates in PLGA scaffolds declined gradually compared with the TCPs controls. Hyaline-like cartilage in a shape of nasal cartilage with some certain elasticity and rigidity was reconstituted when a high density of chondrocytes seeded in PLGA foam scaffold and cultured for 4 weeks. Observed under the inverse microscope, chondrocytes grew well and assembled together in the scaffold. Histological analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the extracellular matrix (ECM) were expressed greatly by chondrocytes, and the scaffold structure collapsed gradually caused by polymer biodegradation. Conclusion PLGA foam scaffold could be used in reconstruction of nasal cartilage with the technology of tissue engineering in vitro for its better mechanical property and biocompatibility. It showed a potential clinical application for repairing nasal deformities in the field of facial plastic surgery.


The carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNFET) is a potential candidate to replace MOSFET due to advantages offered by CNFET such as its superior electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. When designing circuits made of CNFETs, additional features such as the CNT number, positions and pitch in the array of tubes creating a transistor channel must be considered for performance evaluation. These features create additional challenges during simulation. In this paper, we analyze the effectiveness of CNFET Logical Effort (LE) model, to be used in place of simulation, for circuits with different topologies and CNFET technology (pitch) ranging from 2nm-30nm. We show that our delay evaluation tool using expanded LE model predicts delay for analyzed circuits with a very small average error of 2.15% as compared to SPICE simulations, and runs about 30 times faster. We have also evaluated our model in the presence of tube variations created by removal of unwanted metallic tubes. Our model closely correlated with Stanford SPICE model, developed for CNFET circuits, within 3%.


The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) is a food safety law that changed the way food companies are regulated to prevent foodborne illnesses. The FSMA Preventive Controls for Human Food rule was released September 2016 for facilities in manufacturing, processing, packing, and holding of human food. The North Central Region (NCR) Center for FSMA Training, Extension and Technical Assistance was founded by the Food and Drug Administration to assist with the education of processors around the Midwest. The NCR Center funded a project with three phases designed to help small fruit and vegetable processors in the Midwest understand their relationship with FSMA. Phase one was an audit checklist, phase two was extension fact sheets, and phase three was a needs assessment survey for processors. A prior needs assessment disseminated to growers in the NCR identified checklists and fact sheets as preferred methods of receiving educational materials about FSMA. The results from the grower needs assessment were translated into a checklist for processors. An audit checklist for processors to use in their facilities was designed in phase one. This checklist provided processors with a tool to determine their compliance with several parts of FSMA. Extension facts sheets were developed in phase two to help processors know their state food safety regulations. Topics in the fact sheets were postharvest processing methods such as freezing, dehydrating, fermenting, pickling, and canning of jam and jelly products. The final phase was the design and dissemination of a needs assessment survey to processors in the NCR to determine what additional materials can be provided to help the population. Questions were asked about the processor's understanding of the FSMA. Food safety professionals representing each processor responded to the survey. The needs assessment identified Amendments to Registration of Food Facilities, validation of


Congenital anomaly of the right coronary artery is a very rare disease. It can cause syncope, angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death during exercise in the young population. The dominancy of the coronary artery, and the site, shape and pathway of the right coronary artery seems to play a key role in developing those above mentioned events. Especially, it has been known that the right coronary artery that courses between the aorta and pulmonary trunk increases the risk of sudden death. Therefore, precise evaluation is needed to diagnose the presence and type of coronary artery anomaly. Nowadays, multi-detector computed tomography is used to diagnose coronary anomalies and this provides clear images of coronary anomaly in a safe and noninvasive way. We report here on three cases of right coronary anomaly that coursed between the aorta and pulmonic trunk, and this was confirmed by multi-detector computed tomography.(Korean J Med 72:231-236, 2007)


The first example of an asymmetric intramolecular Michael addition reaction with use of α-lithiated vinylic sulfoxide as a Michael donor is reported. Michael addition of the α-lithiated vinylic sulfoxide to (Z)-enoates proceeds with high diastereoselectivity to give the adducts with (R)-configuration at the β-position of the ester in the five-membered-ring formation. The selectivity was reversed in the six-membered-ring formation. The resulting ester enolates were reacted with alkyl halides or benzaldehyde with high diastereoselectivity.


Interactive Voronoi Treemaps have been proposed to support arrangement and grouping tasks of data with snippet image representations. They rely on time-consuming manual actions to group data and cannot display more than a hundred images without occlusion. We propose visualizations designed to manage images visibility, evaluate group homogeneity, and shorten grouping task completion time while keeping control. It is supported by an automatic classifier forming an augmented intelligence system to tackle arrangement and grouping tasks at scale. We propose the usage scenario of a clinician using Interactive Voronoi Treemaps to group wearable data based on sleep visual patterns.


From the Surgical Division of the Town-Hospital of Leverkusen (Germany). At the date of writing this article, exactly one year has elapsed since the International Society of Angiology held its first meeting, at which Frederick B. Wagner reported on the stage of development of arteriography of the peripheral vessels at that time. It was with great interest that we read this report in AxGIOLOGY, and we believe that the readers of this journal v-ill also be interested in learning how arteriography is carried out on the other side of the Atlantic. Dos Santos was the first to introduce angiography into Europe. Today Portugal and Spain are still countries in which angiography is comparatively widely used. In France also, particularly in the large clinics of Paris, Ly on and Strasbourg, angiography is in constant use and is being continually improved. In Sweden, e


The current status of poliomyelitis in the world is outlined. In May 1988 the World Health Assembly committed the World Health Organization (WHO) to the global eradication of poliomyelitis by the year 2000. Polio eradication cannot be achieved through routine immunization alone using the primary strategy of expanded program of immunization (EPI). Additional strategies recommended by WHO are: 1) Improving the surveillance systems to detect all cases of paralysis which might be polio. 2) Building a global network of laboratories to reliably identify polio virus from specimens. 3) Conducting national vaccination days outbreak response immunization targeted mass vaccination campaigns in high-risk areas. An increasing number of countries are adopting these strategies. In 1990 16435 cases of polio were reported globally a 39% decrease from 1989 when 26916 cases were reported. For 1990 171 (88%) of 184 countries had reported polio case counts to WHO on October 1 of the following year compared to 166 (85%) for 1989. Improvements in both timeliness and completeness of reporting at the national level have occurred as more countries improve surveillance for polio as well as for other EPI target diseases. There has been a dramatic decrease in the number of reported polio cases and the eradication of wild polio viruses is imminent in the Americas. WHO estimates that in 1990 approximately 150000 cases of paralytic poliomyelitis occurred in the world. Although improved immunization coverage with 3 doses of oral polio vaccine given by routine administration can reduce the number of polio cases polio eradication will require supplemental immunization activities.


For the problem of degenerate elements which are often found in structural analysis by finite element method,the method of removing node and the shape function method are presented to deal with the problem of displacement field interpolation that the model contains degenerate elements.The calculation example verifies that the method of removing node can obtain a displacement field of high accuracy,through the method of adding nodes and transforming degenerate elements into general elements.Because of the use of volume coordinate in the shape function method,programme can be easily realized.Although accuracy loss will happen because of element decomposing to the degenerate elements with complex figures,the accuracy can satisfy the need of project.These methods offer an efficient way for solving the problem of displacement field interpolation to mixed-element model which contains degenerate element.


This paper gives a review of Future Trends in Distributed Renewable Energy System. Distributed Renewable Systems (DER) or Distributed Generation (DG) systems are small-scale, on-site power sources located at or near customers' homes or businesses. Some common examples include rooftop solar panels, energy storage devices ,fuel cells, micro turbines, small wind, and combined heat and power systems. Customers with these types of generation systems connect to the local electric grid and use the grid both to buy power from their local electric company during times when their DG Systems are not producing enough to meet their needs and to sell power to their electric Company when their systems are producing more electricity than is needed.


Thank you very much for reading introduction to electronic warfare modeling and simulation. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their chosen readings like this introduction to electronic warfare modeling and simulation, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful bugs inside their computer.