A dynamical model is developed in the body-fixed frame of Phobos, in which the high-precision gravity field and exact physical libration of Phobos, the gravity of Mars with J2, and the gravity perturbations of the Sun, Jupiter, and Earth are considered. The JPL development ephemeris are applied to calculate the positions of celestial bodies. Phobos is considered as a homogeneous polyhedron with 16 037 vertices to characterize its irregular shape and the corresponding gravity field. The physical libration of Phobos is incorporated into its rotational motion by using the results in 'Report of the IAU WGCCRE'. With the proposed model, equivalent gravity and slope on Phobos surface are calculated and analysed. The liftoff velocity is also computed and presented. Besides, the orbital environment is also investigated. Instantaneous equilibrium points in the Mars–Phobos system are computed and demonstrated, and the acceleration of a particle in the vicinity of Phobos is analysed to find out the main influencing factor in different regions. Quasi-satellite orbits and libration point orbits, which were determined in the circular restricted three-body problem model, are simulated in different dynamical models. The results applying the newly developed high-fidelity dynamical model have shown significant differences with respect to existing models, suggesting that dynamical models with higher accuracy are needed for close-range orbital activities.


Ten placentae from pregnancies proceeding to term from mothers who on routine screening at 16–18 weeks gestation were found to have a raised serum AFP but no increase in amniotic fluid AFP and no fetal abnormality, were studied using morphometric techniques. The results were compared with 20 placentae from normal term pregnancies where the maternal serum AFP level was not elevated. The mean total placental volume, volume of parenchyma and villous surface area were increased in the placentae associated with a raised maternal serum AFP. More of these placentae were infarcted and the fetal‐placental weight ratio was significantly lower.


Twenty-seven patients with arteriographically proved coronary artery disease, aged 27 to 59 years, were studied for abnormalities of lipid or carbohydrate metabolism. All patients were referred because of cardiac symptoms and none had any prior history of lipid or carbohydrate abnormality. Twenty-three patients were found to have some abnormality of carbohydrate or lipid metabolism, and four had none. Seventeen patients had an abnormal lipoprotein electrophoretic pattern, 12 had elevated serum cholesterol concentrations, and 15 elevated serum triglyceride values. Eighteen patients had an abnormality of carbohydrate metabolism, 11 as determined on standard glucose tolerance tests and seven on cortisone glucose tolerance tests. These abnormalities of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were not related to age or ponderal-index ratio. This high incidence of carbohydrate and lipid abnormalities in association with coronary artery disease may be important in the pathogenesis of the vascular disease as well as management of these patients and their progeny.


The aim of this study was to develop a new classification of carious incidence patterns in children. The subjects were 702 children aged 18/19 months and 378 aged 24/25 months. The children's teeth were examined and they were grouped by their carious tooth types at 40/41 months of age the mean dmft and mean dmfs were compared between groups. The following results were obtained.The children with caries at the age of 18/19 months could be divided into two classes, i. e., children who had carious teeth in only upper anteriors (class 1-A) and those who had carious teeth in molars or lower anteriors (class 1-B). The children with caries at the age of 24/25 months could be divided into four classes, i. e., children who had carious teeth in only the upper incisors or lower molars (class 2-A), those who had carious teeth in the upper cuspids or upper molars but not in the lower anteriors (class 2-B), those who had carious teeth in the lower incisors but not in the lower cuspids (class 2-C), and those who had carious teeth in the lower cuspids (class 2-D).When the classifications were applied and the carious scores compared between classes at the age of 40/41 months, the children of class 1-A had statistically lower carious scores than those of class 1-B. The children of class 2-A had the lowest carious scores, and those of class 2-B, class 2-C, and class 2-D had significantly more carious teeth in ascending order.From these results, we suggest that the newly proposed carious incidence patterns of children aged 18/19 months or 24/25 months is useful for predisting the caries prevalence at the age of 40/41 months.


Textual Enhancement (TE) is a form of modifying visually those parts of a printed text which includes a targeted syntactic structure for the purpose of instruction. The aim is to bring the learner's attention, while s/he is focusing on the meaning of a stretch of discourse, to the targeted structures and to how they are used. It is hoped that textual enhancement will promote the learner's noticing of the form and will help them acquire or comprehend them. In the present study TE (bold-faced and italicized letters) was used for 53 male learners in the context of an Iranian language institute, to measure their learning of English past tense. Theoretical rationales for textual enhancement are reviewed and the statistical discussions are treated next. Results show that both bold-faced and italicized letters increase learners' learning of form, though bold-faced group displayed a better performance than the italicized group. Practical as well as theoretical implications are finally discussed.


One of the key problems for the potential application of high T_c superconductors is the low value of J_c, the critical current density, in grains and its even lower value in grain boundary. The former is due to a weak pinning in grains and the latter is due to the disorder existing in grain boundary (also called as "weak link") and short superconductive coherent length. So the J_c of the high T_c superconductors made by sintering only has the value of 10~3 A/cm~2.


Population migration algorithm is proposed in recent years, it's a new search algorithm for global optimization that mainly simulates population transition mechanism, so far, and there was no unified framework to describe this algorithm. This paper describes the population migration algorithm based on a given framework of swarm intelligence, it helps to understand the principles of the population migration algorithm, as well as combination with chaos theory, a chaos population migration algorithm is proposed. Finally, a numerical experiment example indicates that the new algorithm is effective and accuracy.


The present state of development of solid-state surfacebarrier charged- particle detectors is summarized in terms of surface-state formation, construction techniques, circuit and amplifiers, characteristics of gold-silicon and goldgermanium detectors, nuclear-physics applications, and special configurations. (W.D.M.)


THE INCREASED COMPLEXITY OF HIGHWAY DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION HAS PROMPTED THE USE OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND TWO-COLOR PRINTING TO DEPICT PROPOSED DESIGNS MORE EASILY. A SOFT GREEN INK IS USED TO SHOW THE AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH BACKGROUND AND BLACK INK SHOWS THE PROPOSED DESIGNS. THE TECHNIQUE IS A DEPARTURE FROM TRADITIONAL DRAFTING METHODS IN THAT A BASE DRAWING IS USED FOR ONE COLOR (GREEN) AND AN OVERLAY DRAWING FOR THE OTHER COLOR (BLACK). THIS METHOD IS COMPATIBLE WITH THE MODERN "SCISSORS DRAFTING" OR "STICK-UP" TECHNIQUE NOW BEING USED BY MANY STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENTS. RESULTS HAVE SHOWN GREATER CLARITY AND INCREASED FLEXIBILITY IN THE USE OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND BETTER RESULTS IN REPRODUCTIONS FROM BLACK-AND- WHITE MICROFILM. /AUTHOR/


In this article, we present brief description on R-OAG-gpd regular ordered AG-groupoid and IR-OAG-gpd intra-regular ordered AG-groupoid by using FL-ideal, FR-ideal, FQ-ideal, FB-ideal, FB-ideal, FGB-ideal.


1. A method of providing warning of the physiological parameter, wherein the changing time: monitor a physiological parameter of the patient or clinical information data (15, 26, 102, 144, 166, 172) of the patient; performed comparing the observed parameter (26, 102, 144 , 166) with the initial threshold criteria (112, 140, 152), and after drug administration, of interference events or therapy temporarily alter the initial threshold criteria (112, 140, 152) to a threshold criteria (108, 134, 154) Deteriorated state to admit t deterioration observed parameter within the given period (106, 135, 160) the time until the threshold criteria (112, 138, 162) after the administration after the allotted time period, during the allotted time period compared to the observed parameter with the threshold criteria of deterioration, after allotted period of time compared with the observed parameter threshold criteria after administration; and in response to violation of the observed parameter of one or more initial threshold criteria threshold criteria deterioration and threshold criteria after administration, initiate an alarm signal (36) .2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the use of at least one of the threshold criteria (108) are permanent deterioration; threshold criteria (154) to reduce the deterioration of the target level (162) after insertion into the set of steps (158); iporogovye criteria (134) Deteriorated state change with vremenem.3. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the threshold criteria (134) Deteriorated state adhere monotone decreasing or increasing curve (136) or exponential


Green IT is a concept about wisely, efficiently, and environmentally technology (IT) usage or adoption that exists due to the negative impacts of technology (IT) growth. There are some examples about Green IT applications that are used by the organization (firm) as the support tools of its business processes such as Paperless Office (PLO), E-Meeting, Remote System, and Cloud Computing. Although Green IT applications are used as the support tools of organizational business processes but their strategic benefits are still unknown. Therefore, the research on this paper aims to analyze Green IT applications usage for the firm's competitive advantage strategy. This paper takes the case at PT. XYZ, an Indonesian telecommunication firm. The questionnaire was used as the research instrument on this paper for collecting the research data at the firm's IT Division and the data was analyzed by SmartPLS. The research result on this paper shows Green IT applications usage positively affects the firm's competitive advantage and it is positively affected by perceived usefulness, subjective norm, and organizational culture. The result is also supported by the related themes of the firm's annual reports for the recent years and the various respondents' related positive opinions. Only perceived risk is not proven that it negatively affects Green IT applications usage at the firm. This paper may be used as a reference for the firm's stakeholders to view Green IT applications usage as the firm's important asset for developing the firm's competitive advantage strategy.


One of the most discussed passages in the Gospel according to John is found in 1.51, 'Amen, amen, I tell you, you shall see the heaven opened and the angels of God ascending and descending upon the Son of Man.' There is general agreement among the commentators that the saying is related to Jewish exegetical occupations with the dream of Jacob found in Gen 28.12, 'And he dreamed that there was a ladder set up on the earth, the top of it reaching to heaven; and the angels of God were ascending and descending upon it.' The exact exegetical links between the two passages have not yet been pinpointed, however.


ABSRACT The aim of this paper is to recommend a conceptual classification model for Sustainable Flood Retention Basins (SFRB) used to control runoff in temperate climates. The author has defined a SFRB as an aesthetically pleasing retention basin predominantly used for flood protection adhering to sustainable drainage and best management practices. The classification model concept was developed on the basis of an example database of 147 SFRB in Baden-Wurttemberg (Germany). The model quality was improved on the basis of a more detailed case study of The Kaiserstuhl, a region with a very high density of flood retention basins. The model is based on an agglomerative cluster analysis and is intended to be used by landscape planners, environmental engineers and environmental scientists to adequately classify the following different types of SFRB with the purpose of improving communication among stakeholders: Hydraulic Flood Retention Basin, Traditional Flood Retention Basin, Sustainable Flood Retention Wetland, Aesthetic Flood Retention Wetland, Integrated Flood Retention Wetland and Natural Flood Retention Wetland. A scoring template for the classification of future SFRB was devised on the basis of researcher experience, and this was optimized with a genetic algorithm.


This study presents an analysis of psychologists' implicit theories of what makes an article influential in psychology The study opens with a review of some alternative approaches to assessing the influence of articles Next, the article discusses alternative conceptions of influence Then a study that assesses the factors underlying impact is described Six factors are identified Quality of Presentation, Theoretical Significance, Practical Significance, Substantive Interest, Methodological Interest, and Value for Future Research These findings are then discussed in terms of the theories presented earlier


Agenda 21 is a United Nations (UN) action plan designed to provide a practical framework for implementing the sustainable development model, which has been defined by the UN as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (World Commission on Environment and Development 1987). Although it is not a legally binding treaty, the 178 countries (includ- ing the United States) that participated in the 1992 Earth Summit unanimously adopted Agenda 21. In doing so, they signaled their commitment to promoting consideration of the environmental and social impacts of development decisions at the national, regional, and local levels.


126 Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology | Volume 34 | Issue 1 | January-March 2018 etc. Thus whenever feasible, the neuraxial block is an acceptable alternative. It attenuates the stress response to abdominal surgeries and provides excellent postoperative pain relief with no or minimal need for narcotics, thereby decreasing the risk of postoperative hypoventilation/ apnea.[3] Newborns tolerate the high levels of neuraxial blockade, as high as T4 level without impairment of hemodynamics.[4]


High energy astrophysics observations provide the best possibilities to detect a very small violation of Lorentz invariance such as may be related to the structure of space-time near the Planck scale of approximately 10(exp -35)m. I will discuss the possible signatures of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) that can be manifested by observing of the spectra, polarization, and timing of gamma-rays from active galactic nuclei and y-ray bursts. Other sensitive tests are provided by observations of the spectra of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays and neutrinos. Using the latest data from the Pierre Auger Observatory one can already derive an upper limit of 4.5 x 10(exp -23) on the fraction of LIV at a Lorentz factor of approximately 2 x 10(exp 11). This result has fundamental implications for quantum gravity models. I will also discuss the possibilities of using more sensitive space-based detection techniques to improve searches for LIV in the future.


The approach for the present work is to develop a one-dimensional heat conduction model to infer the surface heating rates from the temperature data. The temperature history is obtained from a nickel thin film sensor mounted on a quartz substrate during a supersonic flight test. Polynomial curve fitting with regression analysis and cubic spline methods are used to fit the temperature data. One-dimensional numerical schemes are developed to infer surface heating rates by using Duhamel's superposition integral. Since the temperature data are acquired for 10 s, the one-dimensional behavior of heat penetration might not be applicable for entire time scale. In order to include the lateral conduction of heat along the depth of substrate, finite-element analysis of a more realistic gauge-substrate system is carried out with commercial package ANSYS 11. With the inputs of surface heating rates predicted from Duhamel's superposition integral, the temperature history are then recovered at various depths of the subs...


With the advancements in semiconductor process technologies in recent years, many circuits are mounted on small dies and the number of interface pins has rapidly increased. The demand for smaller chip/package sizes has come about in order to reduce costs. This paper describes the early stage chip/package/board co-design techniques which reduce chip and package size by cutting down the number of PDN (Power Distribution Network) pads/balls and improve the routability of the package. The key techniques are early stage package/board properties estimation and IR drop estimation. These techniques have a good degree of accuracy even at early stage estimation and a short processing time. From experimental result using a 45-nm process TEG (Test Element Group) chip, the package size was reduced by 21.5%, and the chip size was reduced by 16.4% in comparison with the original design which was designed conventional techniques. The experimental result demonstrates the validation of the proposed techniques.


We consider transmission of system information in a cell-free massive MIMO system, when the transmitting access points do not have any channel state information and the receiving terminal has to estimate the channel based on downlink pilots. We analyze the system performance in terms of outage rate and coverage probability and use space-time block codes to increase performance. We propose a heuristic method for pilot/data power optimization that can be applied without any channel state information at the access points. We also analyze the problem of grouping the access points, which is needed when the single-antenna access points jointly transmit a space-time block code.


This paper highlights the financial pattern of the Non Profit Organizations in India. It also evaluates how financial resources are utilized on Human Resource Management of Non Profit Organizations. It analyzes the financial position of the Non Profit Organizations. It also examines the main financial sources and criteria followed by funding agencies. It examines the funding problems of the Non Profit Organizations.


CONTEXT
The definition of familial non medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC), as presence of the disease in two or more first degree relatives, is controversial due to the high probability to observe a sporadic association when only two members are affected.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the role of age at diagnosis in differentiating the true cases of FNMTC.

DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND MAIN OUTCOME
From a group of 721 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), 95 familial PTC (FPTC) patients with two first degree relatives, have been identified. They were split in two groups: Group 1 consisting of both the proband and the affected relative with age at diagnosis ≤ 45 years; Group 2 consisting of proband and/or affected family member with age at diagnosis >45 years. The clinical-pathological features and outcome of both FPTC groups were compared with 626 sporadic PTC patients (SPTC).

RESULTS
FPTC patients with age at diagnosis ≤ 45yrs, compared to the matched group of sporadic PTCs, had more frequently multifocal, bilateral and extrathyroidal extension of tumor and showed worse outcome. No differences were found between FPTC and SPTC patients with age >45yrs. At multivariate analysis, distant metastases, ATA risk and FPTC ≤ 45yrs were independent predictors of outcome.

CONCLUSIONS
Based on the observation that PTC is more aggressive when the diagnosis is made in two family members, both with age <45yrs, we suggest that definition of FPTC in kindreds with 2 affected members should take into account also the age at diagnosis, as key element of familial cancer.


The effects of surfactants on spray retention and penetration of succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) were determined by following growth inhibition of the first and second internode following SADH treatment of the primary leaves of an indeterminant bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Blue Lake) plant. Surfactants (0.1%) decreased the retention of the SADH treating solution by the primary leaves thus reducing the potential dose delivered. The initial rate of SADH penetration was increased with surfactants, but the total amount penetrating was not significantly altered. Internode elongation of the 'Blue Lake' bean was enhanced by surfactants per se. Surfactant enhanced penetration of SADH resulted in increased inhibition of internode extension only when the absorption period was limited to 4 hr or less.


Quite soon, following in the tracks of a demand for a moral reparation of two centuries of slavery and slave trade in France's colonies, claims have been made for material reparations of these crimes against humanity.   Unlike the first demand, these claims have very few chances of actually being satisfied and are apparently lacking in justification, mainly because, among others factors, these crimes lie in a distant past.   Although many of the inequalities experienced by the inhabitants of the French overseas departments still bear the marks of slavery, it is no less true that the struggle against inequality is not to be led as a function of the past but, instead, in relation to present-day domination.


We present a high level synthesis framework which guides the designer in devising design methodologies. The framework supports backtracking and parallel exploration of alternative methodologies. Encoded knowledge assists the designer in selecting methodologies and tools, while designers retain control during synthesis process. The framework facilitates maintainability and extendibility as new tools and methodologies are developed.<<ETX>>


Many studies have considered the influence that education has on career satisfaction. This literature typically has treated education as a trait—something a person has, perhaps in varying degrees. The authors suggest that education should instead be treated as a situational factor that varies between individuals, particularly given that individuals differentially define the quality of their education. Using a sample of 151 criminal justice graduates, this paper explores how education, measured both as a trait (focusing on quantity) and a situational characteristic (focusing on perceptions of quality of the education) influences career satisfaction. Results showed that level of education did not influence career satisfaction, but the measures assessing perceived quality of education did influence satisfaction. Criminal justice graduates who rated higher on satisfaction with skill development, satisfaction with social science/criminal justice knowledge, program satisfaction, and overall satisfaction were more likely to be very satisfied with their careers than those who scored lower on these measures. Furthermore, males were more likely to be very satisfied with their careers than females. Implications focus on balancing skills and social science frameworks in criminal justice curricula and expanding future career satisfaction research to more broadly define and measure education.


The purpose of this study was to test the goodness-of-fit of the ASMQ scale of high school taekwondo athletes by using Rasch model. The subjects of...


The effects of new environmental agents on child health is a subject of considerable interest. Of special concern are the long-term effects of such agents and more specifically their carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity which is a function of their ability to modify cellular DNA. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of bilirubin and/or its photodecomposition products on the ultra-structural arrangement of the DNA molecule. Mammalian and bacterial DNA solutions were illuminated under a phototherapy unit (Vita-Lite), 2μW/cm2 in the 410-500 nm wavelength band for 6 hours in the presence or absence of bllirubin. Bilirubin was found to form a complex with the DNA molecule and in the presence of light there results: (1) a decrease in the sedimentation coefficient of the DNA, (2) an increase in the thermal denaturation temperature and (3) no significant change in the buoyant density. These findings suggest that the bilirubin-DNA complex results from the intercalation of the bilirubin between the DNA strands. Upon irradiation the bilirubin is activated and this is accompanied by a cleavage of phosphodiester bonds which maintain the DNA structure. Studies on the mutagenicity of bilirubin and its photodegradation products are proceeding. These observations emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up in children with hyperbilirubinemia treated with phototherapy.


The rapid advancements in the technological field, especially in the field of education, have led to the incorporation of remote sensing in learning spaces. This innovation requires active and effective teaching methods, among which is flipped learning. The objective of this research was to analyze the effectiveness of flipped learning on the traditional-expository methodology in the second year of high school. The research is part of a quantitative methodology based on a quasi-experimental design of descriptive and correlational type. Data collection was carried out through an ad hoc questionnaire applied in a sample of 59 students. The Student's t-test was applied for independent samples, differentiating the means given between the experimental group and the control group. The results show that there was a better assessment of the teaching method through flipped learning than the traditional teaching method in all the variables analyzed, except in the academic results, where the difference was minimal. It is concluded that flipped learning provides improvements in instructional processes in high school students who have used remote sensing in training practices. Therefore, the combination of flipped learning and remote sensing is considered effective for the work of contents related to environmental sciences in said educational level.


The understanding of how different parts of a landscape contribute to streamflow by storing and releasing water has long been a central issue in hydrology. Knowledge about what controls streamflow ...


Abstract The limnology of six typical Missouri farm ponds, where fish growth rates had been determined, was investigated. Particular emphasis was directed toward a measurement of the important nutrient elements, nitrogen and phosphorus, in an effort to evaluate the processes associated with fertilization and establish the nutrient factor or factors most clearly related to fish production for Missouri ponds. Comparison of the physical and chemical data for these fertilized and unfertilized ponds suggests that the limiting factor in productivity was soluble phosphate. Yearly mean concentrations of phosphate at the surface ranged from 0.016 to 0.028 p.p.m. in the fertilized ponds and from 0.010 to 0.016 p.p.m. in the unfertilized ponds. Daily phosphorus analyses showed good correlation between concentrations of phosphate and plankton production. Each addition of fertilizer was followed by a rapid settling out which resulted in bottom phosphate concentrations which, in one pond, were as much as 10 times as gr...


In volcanoes, topography, shallow heterogeneity and even shallow morphology can substantially modify seismic coda signals. Coda waves are an essential tool to monitor eruption dynamics and model volcanic structures jointly and independently from velocity anomalies: it is thus fundamental to test their spatial sensitivity to seismic path effects. Here, we apply the Multiple Lapse Time Window Analysis (MLTWA) to measure the relative importance of scattering attenuation vs absorption at Mount St Helens volcano before its 2004 eruption. The results show the characteristic dominance of scattering attenuation in volcanoes at lower frequencies (3–6 Hz), while absorption is the primary attenuation mechanism at 12 and 18 Hz. Scattering attenuation is similar but seismic absorption is one order of magnitude lower than at open-conduit volcanoes, like Etna and Kilauea, a typical behaviour of a (relatively) cool magmatic plumbing system. Still, the seismic albedo (measuring the ratio between seismic energy emitted and received from the area) is anomalously high (0.95) at 3 Hz. A radiative-transfer forward model of far- and near-field envelopes confirms this is due to strong near-receiver scattering enhancing anomalous phases in the intermediate and late coda across the 1980 debris avalanche and central crater. Only above this frequency and in the far-field diffusion onsets at late lapse times. The scattering and absorption parameters derived from MLTWA are used as inputs to construct 2-D frequency-dependent bulk sensitivity kernels for the S-wave coda in the multiple-scattering (using the Energy Transport Equations—ETE) and diffusive (AD, independent of MLTWA results) regimes. At 12 Hz, high coda-attenuation anomalies characterize the eastern side of the volcano using both kernels, in spatial correlation with low-velocity anomalies from literature. At 3 Hz, the anomalous albedo, the forward modelling, and the results of the tomographic imaging confirm that shallow heterogeneity beneath the extended 1980 debris-avalanche and crater enhance anomalous intermediate and late coda phases, mapping shallow geological contrasts. We remark the effect this may have on coda-dependent source inversion and tomography, currently used across the world to image and monitor volcanoes. At Mount St Helens, higher frequencies and deep borehole data are necessary to reconstruct deep volcanic structures with coda waves.


Candida albicans is frequently isolated from denture plaque and found to cause denture stomatitis1-3). In the previous study, we demonstrated human whole saliva to agglutinate this organism4), which may follow the adherence of C. albicans to denture surfaces. This may play an important role in the accumulation of denture plaque. The agglutinating factor in the saliva sample was heat-labile and the agglutination factor on the fungal cell surface was a heat-stable substance and which might be covered by a protein. Gibbons and van Houte5) demonstrated that the selective adhesion of some oral streptococci to the tooth surface and the in-vitro aggregation of many of the strains were mediated by specific salivary glycoproteins. Kashket and Donaldson6) showed that two separate factors exist in human saliva for the aggregation of Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mitis. It is of interest to characterize the Candida agglutinating factor in human whole saliva, and to compare it with those which agglutinate other oral bacteria. In the present study, we characterized the C. albicans agglutinating factor in human whole saliva.


The present investigation for screening of banana (Musa paradisica) cultivars for preparation of banana chips and snacks was carried out to standardize the process for preparation of banana chips and selection of good cultivars for production of Banana chips. Three cultivars viz. Ardhapuri, Grand naine and Mahalakshmi were selected for screening for preparation of banana chips and snacks. Banana slices were fried at different temperature. Three sample Sample A, sample D and sample C from cultivar Ardhapuri, Grand naine and Mahalakshmi respectively were evaluated for textural characteristics which was stored for period 1 month. Textural characteristics evaluated in term of hardness (kg). Low value of hardness indicate that more crispiness. Sample C from Ardhapuri cultivar was low value of hardness it means that it had more crispiness as compared to other samples from cultivar. Effect of the storage period on the proximate analysis of banana chips was evaluated for three samples which were selected by hydrocolloid treatment. Storage period for 15 days and 30 days were indicating that deflection in the analytical parameter. Moisture content for different samples was increased due to absorption from atmosphere. Fat content was decreased due to formation of free fatty acids which was result in to rancidity. Acidity remains slightaly constant. Ascorbic content were slightly increases. Ph somewhat remain constant. Peroxide value was increased as the days passes it means indicate that rancidity of oil. Banana snacks prepared were evaluated for sensory characteristics. Sensory characteristics indicate that snacks prepared from Ardhapuri cultivar were good in terms of sensory characteristics as compared to snacks from Grand naine and Mahalakshmi cultivar.


*Centre for Arid Zone Studies, University of Wales, LL57 2UW, UK. firstname.lastname@example.com. Scheduled castes and tribes in India are those, which are considered economically disadvantaged by the government and for which there is a certain number of places in jobs and educational establishments reserved. ABSTRACT Soil erosion in the hilly tribal lands of India is widely recognized by both outside observers and indigenous people as a serious problem that has decreased agricultural productivity and exacerbated poverty. Most earlier attempts to initiate soil and water conservation activities in such areas have adopted a top down approach. Even in projects with a so-called participatory approach, much of the "participation" amounted to persuading the farmers to participate in work planned entirely by project personnel, resulting in a low sense of ownership. This paper describes attempts by the KRIBHCO Indo-British Rainfed Farming Project (KRIBP) to develop participatory approaches to natural resource management including soil and water conservation (SWC). It discusses how KRIBP found that pre-existent social groups of 15 to 25 households at falia (hamlet) level which had started project-assisted savings and credit schemes could become effective units for the implementation of farmer-led SWC activities. Participatory approaches used in-group level planning, implementation and evaluation are briefly outlined. Village level soil and water specialists (jankars) were pivotal to the success of the project and their selection, training and function are described. Finally, some suggestions are made about how the role of small groups can be improved.


The evaluation regarding a transportation policy by an evaluation volition viewpoint there is a difference. Consequently the insurgent analysis which is simple compared to against the evaluation object it was accurate, the analysis which leads the order anger probably is necessary. The research which it sees for the evaluation regarding the transportation policy of the metropolis divided in road being understood, public transportation, parking and pedestrian environment, wide area transportation and transportation information and transportation field whole. And against these field it tried the ALSCAL method and MDPREF method which is a Multidimensional Scale method and it analyzed. The regression analysis result for a dimensional analysis ALSCAL method the case of the transportation policy star improvement degree which it follows in introduction presence of intelligence transportation system and MDPREF method it confronted to the transportation policy star improvement degree which it follows in expansion to construction of specific function appeared with the fact that it is the tendency probably. And the evaluation object and evaluation in the object which will cut the positioning one result was each divided in 4 group. And two methods all it was visible a similar tendency. The ALSCAL method currently transportation system construction degree condition in base and, the MDPREF method currently improvement degree of the transportation policy which it follows in traffic system construction appeared with the fact that it is desirable to establish a hereafter traffic policy in base.


Three new poly(p-phenylenevinylene) derivatives—PO, POD, and POP— with oxadiazole and pyridine rings along the main chain were synthesized via Heck coupling. The polymers were amorphous and dissolved readily in common organic solvents. They showed relatively low glass-transition temperatures (up to 42 °C) and satisfactory thermal stability. Solutions of the polymers emitted blue-greenish light with photoluminescence (PL) emission maxima around 460 nm and PL quantum yields of 0.28 - 0.49. Thin films of the polymers displayed PL emission maxima at 461-521 nm, and their tendency to form aggregates was significantly influenced by the chemical structure. Light-emitting diodes with polymers PO and POP, with an indium tin oxide/poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/polymer/Ca configuration, emitted yellow and green light, respectively, and this could be attributed to excimer emission. © 2004


Abdul Qadeer1,2, Muhammad Avais1*, Abdul Wajid3, Muhammad Zahid Iqbal1, Hanif Ullah4, Asad Khan5, Sajid Ur Rahman2,6, Aqeel Javeed7 and Sher Zaman Safi8,9 1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore 2Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China 3Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan 4West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 5Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China 6Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 7Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 8Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia 9Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan Article Information Received 20 February 2023 Revised 25 May 2023 Accepted 16 June 2023 Available online 08 September 2023 (early access)


The simulation model of QDPSK communication system is built by using Matlab′s Simulink toolbox.The simulation parameters are described in detail and some simulation results are given.It is indicated that the simulation results are identical to theoretical results.Moreover,it is better presents how the Simulink toolbox apply in communication system simulation.Innovation of the paper lies in the simulation model is very simple compared to other schemes and achieves anticipant result.Also,an approach is proposed for some communication systems.


The neutron build-up factor is newly defined for describing the dose equivalent profiles of medium energy neutrons (E n ≤ 400 MeV) in shields of concrete, iron and a double-layered shield of iron + concrete. The definition of the build-up factor is made in a straightforward way which is analogous to that of gamma rays. The obtained neutron build-up factors are parameterised by empirical expressions. Systematics of the parameters in the expressions and removal cross sections which are used instead of the linear attenuation coefficients in gamma ray cases, are examined regarding the neutron energy.


The general characteristic of electronic scientific professional editions, requirements to them, the advantage over printed editions are presented in article. The analysis of electronic information environment filling by electronic editions as well of Ukraine as of Russia is presented. The prospect of development of electronic scientific professional editions is described.


Objective: with purulent bacterial meningitis. Methodology bacterial meningitis occurring at Qilu hospital from January 2011 through September 2016. Records of all patients, comprising data on clinical presentations, lab obtained and analyzed. Results: males and 47(36.4%) female. Cases were classified into five age groups: 1month years 4.7%, 2 Confirmed cases were 48(37%), the main bacteria cultured were Streptococcus pneumoniae detected bacteria were Staphylococcal species Ampicillin sulbactam 38% and Ceftriaxone 38%. Gram positive bacterial were sensitive to vancomycin, chloramphenicol, Merop sensitive to Meropenem, amikacin and linezolid. Conclusion: Escherichia coli the past 53⁄4 years. Rate of bacteria detection is still low and emergence of antimicrobial resistance together are of great concern, Therefore more intervention are needed to be address so as to reduce burden of Purulent


The objective of the present study was to identify the factors influencing the adoption level of improved dairy farming technologies by peri-urban dairy farmers. To this survey, a sample of 120 dairy farmers was selected randomly from 10 peri-urban villages located in and around 10 km radius of the urban areas of Thanjavur city. The results of the study revealed that the co-efficient of multiple determination (R 2 ) was found to be was 0.669, indicating 66.90 per cent of variation in adoption level of peri-urban dairy farmers was due to the combined influence of all the selected independent variables. The regression analysis also explained that the variables, family income and economic motivation had positive and significant (1 % level) influence on the variability in adoption level of peri-urban dairy farmers. The variables viz., education and milk production showed positive and significant (five per cent level) towards adoption level of peri-urban dairy farmers. Thus, it could be stated that an increase in the level of family income, economic motivation, education and milk production resulted in an increase in the level of adoption of peri-urban dairy farmers with respect to their co-efficient values.


Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases (CGTases) are extracellular bacterial enzymes that generate cyclodextrin from starch. Screening, isolation and characterisation of CGTases are extensively carried out due to its importance in industrial biotechnology. Conventionally, identification of CGTase-producing bacteria involves the use of solid media containing phenolphthalein-methyl orange as indicators by colour changes. The formation of CGTase does not require a specific inducer as the presence of starch is essentially sufficient. In the present study, modification of the conventional method was developed by substituting soluble starch with five other types of starches, namely, corn, rice, tapioca, glutinous starch and sago. The improved method enables simultaneous isolation and screening for CGTase-producing bacteria and identification of the most suitable carbon source (starch) for enzyme production. The diameter of the clearing zone formation around the bacterial colony in the starch-containing medium is used to gauger the hydrolytic efficiency of the bacteria. Out of the 250 soil bacterial samples screened, strain MK 6 was identified as the most prolific CGTase producer. This isolated strain was capable of hydrolysing sago starch best (and least in glutinous starch). The modified method using simple substrate substitution and the phenolphthalein colour reaction studied here was thus found to be useful for the rapid and qualitative method for preliminary screening of CGTase-producing bacteria.


Abstract : In December 1990 an experiment was conducted at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California in which four different receivers, mounted on the mast of a ship, collected data simultaneously for several hours at a time. Ashtech LD - XII, Trimble 4000 ST, TI 4100 and Magnavox MX-4200 receivers were used. The reference system consisted of a Krupp Atlas Polarfix laser system set up on the shore at a pre-surveyed site. A two-axis vertical gyro system and a heading gyro gave the ship's 3-dimensional orientation at any instant in time, providing a connection between the laser reflector and the GPS antennas on the ship's mast. This enabled the reduction of the laser reflector's trajectory to the Ashtech and Trimble antennas for subsequent comparison to the kinematic GPS trajectories of these receivers determined by the postprocessing of the data collected. Each data set was processed once with the software provided by the manufacturer and once with an independent software package, OMNI, developed by the National Geodetic Survey. In addition to the software, six factors were examined to determine their effects on kinematic GPS surveys. They included: tropospheric corrections, initialization, satellite geometry, ephemeris type, data interval and multipath.


AbstractProfiles, representative of power density within nuclear-reactor fuel pins, have been constructed from pinhole images. The modified back-projection, an established technique used in compute...


To avoid rejection of the new kidney by the immune system, transplant recipients remain on lifelong immunosuppressant therapy. This life-saving medication, however, can put transplant patients at risk of cancer, infections and other diseases. In this article, Aikaterini Nikolopoulou and Philip Mason give an overview of the complications that transplant patients may encounter due to immunosuppression.


Lysosomes are the major catabolic entities that target a large number of biomolecules and pathogens as well. These cytoplasmic organelles play a substantial role in maintaining homeostasis with the aid of a vast assortment of its cathepsins. Cathepsins and its variants are reported to be involved in multiple physiological activities including apoptosis, coagulation, cell proliferation, immunity, and digestion, etc. These cathepsins are responsible for apoptosis leading to neuropathological changes and aging. Among various types of cathepsins, cathepsin B, D and L, are responsible for aging and neurodegenerative disorders, either by activation of microglia or production of inflammosomes. Aging is also attributed to lysosomal storage diseases caused by impairment in lysosomal function and lipofuscin accumulation. So, lysosomes are not only the dumping ground of the cellular waste but also tightly linked to autophagy at the signaling level. This balance has to be strictly controlled by catabolic capacity of the cell, which is accomplished by ubiquination and autophagic machinery to control aging. Furthermore, lysosomes play critical role in life expectancy via a vast variety of signaling pathways and enhanced lysosmal activity that can improve life span. Taken together these considerations, this review provides an insight into the role of cathepsins in various animal models in autophagy and aging. Furthermore, molecular mechanisms underlying the role of lysosomes and altered expression of cathepsins in neurodegenerative changes and cellular longevity has been reported. Thus, improvement or enhancement in lysosomal activity may prove an ideal strategy to extend life span.


Commissioned by the Department of Education, Culture and Sport of the Autonomous Government of the Canary Islands, the co-authors of this article describe a methodology for teaching training seminars designed to reconsider and define the validity of the design of CALL exercises developed by teachers of the subject and aimed at solving specific problems presented by their own students. A three-stage system of evaluation was used to collect empirical data in support of the validity of the initial hypothesis.


All patients with renal tumors (pT1) who underwent either -operatively. Of 341 patients, 77 und was 75 and 76 ml/min/1.73m2 pre s (p=0.001) and at one year (p=0.001). On Radical nephrectomy was associated with a : Glomerular Filtration Rate, Nephron sparing surgery, Radical Renal Cell Carcinoma


This book presents a thorough reconstruction of the late-scholastic logical treatises De Obligationibus by the methods of modern logic and set theory. It defends the view that the treatises are intended to put forward a theory of disputation. Hajo Keffer's excellent monograph is the first full-scale treatment of the complete range of medieval treatises on Obligations, from the earliest known treatises of the mid-thirteenth century through to Paul of Pergula's tract from the early fifteenth century.


Summary Abstract: The interaction of dislocation and solute atoms has great influence on the macroscopic mechanical behavior in alloys as well as the deformation of al- loys. A dynamic Monte Carlo method is developed to simulate the interaction between dislocation and solute atom. The results show that dislocation motion is retarded by solute atoms in certain conditions. In the condition of constant exter- nal stress, the retarding effect of solute atoms becomes more inefficient with the increment of external stress. In the condition of constant stress rate, a step-like curve of the displacement-time indicates the intermittent motion of dislocation ex- hibiting dynamic strain aging (DSA). When dislocation is captured by solutes, the pinning force on dislocation is become larger because that more and more solutes will gather to the dislocation, and for the increasing of the external stress, the dis- location can de-pin and move fast again, and then during macro work hardening, the driving force on the dislocation will decrease, which induces the dislocation motion discontinuous and the dislocation will be pinned by solutes secondly. The repetition of pinning and de-pinning leads to dynamic strain aging. In addition, the simulation results reflect that DSA occurs only in a certain range of stress rate magnitudes. In the condition of constant strain rate, a serration curve of stress- strain which is similar to Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect has been drawn. The average stress drop magnitudes decrease with the increment of strain rate or the depreciation of solute concentration and the tendencies are similar to the experi- mental results.


The properties of cold and dense quark matter have been the subject of extensive investigation, especially in the last decade. Unfortunately, we still lack of a complete understanding of the properties of matter in these conditions. One possibility is that quark matter is in a color superconducting phase which is characterized by the formation of a diquark condensate. We review some of the basic concepts of color superconductivity and some of the aspects of this phase of matter which are relevant for compact stars. Since quarks have color, flavor as well as spin degrees of freedom many different color superconducting phases can be realized. At asymptotic densities QCD predicts that the color flavor locked phase is favored. At lower densities where the QCD coupling constant is large, perturbative methods cannot be applied and one has to rely on some effective model, eventually trying to constrain such a model with experimental observations. The picture is complicated by the requirement that matter in the interior of compact stars is in weak equilibrium and neutral. These conditions and the (possible) large value of the strange quark mass conspire to separate the Fermi momenta of quarks with different flavors, rendering homogenous superconducting phases unstable. One of the aims of this presentation is to introduce non-experts in the field to some of the basic ideas of color superconductivity and to some of its open problems.


We are developing a new infrared camera—MAX38 (Mid‐infrared Astronomical eX‐plorer)—for ground‐based mid‐infrared (8–38 microns) observations. This spectral region will be very important for the study of planetary disks. The MAX38 will be attached on the University of Tokyo Atacama 1.0‐meter telescope, which is the world's highest infrared telescope, at the summit of Co. Chajnantor (altitude 5,640 meters), in Chile's Atacama Desert. Thanks to the high altitude and dry weather condition of the site we can access the 30‐micron wavelength region from ground‐based telescopes for the first time.


Over the past 20th century, great achievements have been scored in bridge construction. Undoubtedly,at the beginning of the 21st century,it is of great of significance to review the past, sum up experience, and look ahead of bridge engineering. On the basis of collection of materials involved, an induction of the leading problems in this science is made, and also, a summary of the difficulties is conducted.


The regional imbalance of economic development is one of the fundamental characteristics of China's national condition. A prevailing viewpoint is held that there is an increasingly widening gap in per capita GDP and per capita net income between individuals in China since the 1978 opening & reforming policy. To analyze the interrelationship between S&T and the economy as well as to measure the gap between the regional S&T development and economic development on a quantitative basis, the authors established the evaluation approach of both science & technology and economic development. Two kinds of indicators are chosen: one kind to represent the economic development; the other to represent the S&T development.


It is shown that oil preparation process is related to nanotechnologies, since they are carried out at the Nano-dimensional level consisting in the charge interaction of mono and polyvalent ions being present in interacting environments of oil and reservoir (intermediate) water. Taking into account specific features (Nano-phenomena) of oil emulsion formation and destruction, a mathematical model for thermochemical oil dehydration process is proposed. As it is known, the main processes of formation and destruction of AC at the interfacial section (oil-water) occur at the molecular level, and molecular-surface phenomena (Nano-phenomena) are dominant in the process of oil preparation. First of all, this is the charge interaction of nano-dimensional particles, manifested in the form of physicochemical adsorption of natural emulsifiers on the surface of EWD, wetting the armoring casings of the latter (with corresponding demulsifier interaction), ion-exchange formation of a double electric layer (DEL) on surfaces of EWD and mechanical impurities (solid particles of clay, quartz, limestone, dolomite, iron sulfide, etc.). Consequently, the modeling of these processes is an urgent task, and the article is dedicated to above-mentioned problem. KEYWORDS


The work presented in this Thesis describes new synthetic methodology promoted by iodinating reagents, to prepare iodinated alkanes, carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond forming reactions with ureas, allenes and enynes.

 Chapter 1 focusses on the iodination of saturated hydrocarbons promoted by a mixture of hypervalent iodine compounds and elementary iodine. This activation of C-H bonds is a selective process that occurs under thermal conditions.
 Chapter 2, divided in three sections, is devoted to the study of the reactivity of bis(pyridine) iodonium tetrafluoroborate reagent (IPy2BF4) towards the functionalization of unsaturated systems. This reagent is an easy and useful alternative to the use of transition metals in these processes.

The first part is related to the study of the oxidative intramolecular diamination of alkenes with tethered ureas. The second section reports the results of direct inter and intramolecular 2-iodoallylation of arenes with allenes. This approach makes possible the preparation of some yet unknown basic scaffolds such as 2-iodo-1,4-dihydronaphthalenes. The last part deals with the reactivity of 1,6-enynes with IPy2BF4. The use of this reagent allows the synthesis of five, six and seven member rings depending on the substituents of the starting material.


The FY2006 budget resolution (H.Con.Res. 95), which was agreed to by the House and Senate on April 28, 2005, included reconciliation instructions for: (1) an omnibus bill to reduce mandatory outlays by about $35 billion over a five-year period, covering FY2006-FY2010; (2) a bill to reduce revenues by $70 billion over the same period; and (3) a bill to increase the limit on the public debt by $781 billion.


N. C. Hsu _, J. R. Herman 2, C. J. Seftor 3, and B. N. Holben 4January 12, 2001Submitted to Geophys. Res. LettersAbstract. Recent studies' suggest that airborne Asian dust may not only play animportant role in the regional radiation budget, but also influence the air quality overNorth America through long-range transport. In this paper, we use satellite data toinvestigate the long-term variability of airborne Asian dust as well as the daily variationof the dust aerosol distribution. By combining the TOMS aerosol index with NCEP winddata, our analysis shows a strong correlation between the generation of dust storms in theregion and the passage of springtime weather fronts. This is consistent with earlier studiesperformed by other researchers. According to both the Nimbus-7 and Earth-Probe TOMSdata the Takla Makan desert, the Gobi desert, and the arid region of Inner Mongolia aremajor sources of the eastward-flowing airborne Asian dust. Heavily populated areas ineastern China (e.g., Beijing) are often on the primary path of the dust storms originatingin these desert regions. The increasing desertification north of the Beijing region hasserved to exacerbate problems stemming fi'om these storms. The time series derived from20 years of TOMS aerosol index data shows the first significant satellite evidence of theatmospheric effect of increasing desertification, indicating that the amount of dust blowneastward has increased strongly during the past few years including the year 2000.


A novel solution to the problem of applying kinematic inequality constraints to a Kalman filter based radar tracker using pseudo-measurements is presented. The technique is demonstrated by applying height and speed constraints to a Cartesian radar tracking filter. (5 pages)


In spite of the extreme importance of phosphate esters as metabolic intermediates, published reports on studies of their changes in muscle of fish, especially such dealing with acid soluble nucleotides, are few in number1), 2). According to the facts related to the role of these esters in living muscle, it may be considered that the freshness of fish must be closely related to the changes in the acid soluble nucleotides. By determining the contents of ribose derived from the nucleotides, J. M. SHEWAN and N. R. JONES3) applied the principle to estimating the freshness of fish. On the other hand, in the previous papers4),5),6) it has been reported that when carp muscles are frozen at a slow rate there occur rapid splitting of ATP* and instantaneous accumulation of IMP. Furthermore IMP thus formed is slowly converted to inosine and then to hypoxanthine. At room temperature these changes are accelerated and as a result inosine and hypoxanthine, especially the latter, are accumulated predominantly. Using these results as a basis it has been considered that the freshness of raw or frozen fishes may be judged by estimating their contents of inosine and hypoxanthine. Two grams of fish muscle was ground in 20ml. of 4 per cent cold perchloric acid solution by hand in a mortar. The extract was filtered and 10ml. of the filtrate was used for analysis. Hypoxanthine, inosine and nucleotides were separated by the hy drochloric acid gradient elution system on Amberlite IRA-400. The details of the system have been described previously6). The rate of freshness (K) is determined by the following formula:


In this paper, the relationship between COVID-19 Maximum Infection Rate (MIR) and the happiness indicators has been investigated for the prediction of Happiness Score of Countries using Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The per-formance of the proposed algorithm is also compared against five other algorithms such as Linear Regression (LR), Ada Boost Classifier (ABC), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Gaussian Naive Bayes (NB) and Logistic Regression. The comparison of performance includes parameters like training accuracy, testing accuracy and computation time. It is clear from the observation that the proposed approach is superior to others. Then the parameters like MAE, MSE, RMSE, R2 Score, Adjusted R2 Score is calculated. This proposed algorithm can be used for other classification and regression work involving large amount of data with missing values like COVID- 19 datasets.


Persistent oxidation dications of 7,12-dimethylbenzo[a]anthracene 7,12-DMA (12+), 3-methylcholanthrene 3-MC (22+), 1-methylbenzo[a]anthracene 1-MBA (32+) and parent benzo[a]anthracene BA (42+) were generated by low temperature reaction with SbF5–SO2ClF and studied directly by NMR. Whereas the positive charge is highly delocalized throughout their periphery, the meso-positions of the anthracene moiety (the "L-region") experience the largest Δδ13C values with C-7 being the most positive. Methyl introduction at C-7 results in a dramatic increase in the Δδ13C value at this position (80 ppm in 12+ as compared to 56 ppm in the case of 42+), whereas a methyl group at C-12 is less effective in enhancing carbon deshielding. In 3-methylcholanthrenium dication 22+, the ring carbons attached to the ethano-bridged C-12b/C-2a sustain the largest positive charge, followed by C-6. The ΣΔδ13C values for the dications are between 412.6–432.7 ppm and their AM1 calculated ΔΔfH
 o values are between 431.2–443.7 kcal mol–1. The resulting 16π-dications exhibit strong proton shielding and are paratropic. Dications 12+ and 22+ derived from potent carcinogens have lower ΔΔfH
 o values and are less paratropic as compared to 32+ and 42+. Charge delocalization mapping allows the most likely site(s) for nucleophilic attack to be identified for comparison with the available data on chemical generation and nucleophile trapping of PAH radical cations. Quenching of 12+ with hexane and adamantane to selectively produce the arenium ion of C-7 by hydride abstraction gave inconclusive results.


Leg positions during walking on a plane and on thin rods were recorded by photography, videorecording, and videokymography. Joint angles were reconstructed from the tibia-ending position, using a 3-D model of the body. Participation of leg joints in propulsion was analysed by calculating the partial derivatives of tibia end-point position on different joint angles. Adjustment to walking with a narrow ground base is achieved by additional femur depression and flexion of the tibia in the stance phase. In the swing phase, the leg is raised by the same amount as when walking on a plane, but not to the same superior position, as on a plane. The contribution of the subcoxal joint to body propulsion is 64-94% in fore-and middle legs and 22-49% in hind legs. The oblique alignment of the coxal pivot within the thorax helps maintain a long stride for variable ground bases. In Graphosoma, it is close to the optimal position: according to several criteria, the angle between the coxal axis and the body vertical shall be arctan π/2, or ∼ 57.5°.


The results of studies into catalytic transformations of lower dialkyl disulfides are summarized and described systematically. The decomposition, cyclization, hydrogenolysis, oxidation and thioalkylation reactions are considered. The results of reactions are compared depending on the catalyst nature and reaction conditions. The bibliography includes 181 references.


This cross-sectional study examines changes in the number of patients with newly identified cancer before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States.


INTRODUCTION It has becoming increasingly accepted that genetic variation makes an important contribution to individual differences in the normal range of behaviour, including general ability traits (Plomin, 1999) and to population differences (Plusquellec and Bouissou, 2001). Important variability between populations, e.g. breeds, within species is commonly accepted and the recognition of a genetic background for these traits is implicit (Sandnabba, 1995, Schneider-Stock, 1995). Knowledge of the relative importance of the genetic component for the behaviour traits would allow for the development of strategies to genetically modulate its expression within a breeding population.


The utility model discloses a built-in fan type particulate matter sensor comprising a circuit board. The built-in fan type particulate matter sensor is characterized in that the circuit board is provided with a laser diode driving circuit, a laser diode, a photosensitive semiconductor, an operational amplifier, an MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit), a serial interface chip and a connector, wherein the laser diode is connected with the laser diode driving circuit; the photosensitive semiconductor, the operational amplifier, the MCU, the serial interface chip and the connector are sequentially connected; the laser diode and the photosensitive semiconductor are arranged in a manner of forming an angle being 60 DEG; a convex lens is arranged in front of the photosensitive semiconductor; a fan is arranged at an air outlet of an air duct corresponding to the sensor; the photosensitive semiconductor, the convex lens, the connector, the fan and the laser diode are located at the back of the circuit board; the laser diode driving circuit, the operational amplifier, the MCU and the serial interface chip are arranged at the front side of the circuit board and are hooded by using a shielding case. The built-in fan type particulate matter sensor has the beneficial effects of high measuring precision, millisecond-level reaction speed, no need of any later data processing, capability of shortening a product development period, compact structure, small size and extreme simplicity in use.


This paper addresses the strategic and policy challenges facing technological transformation and productivity increase in the Sudan. It examines the various factors which influence agricultural technology adoption decisions as well as the constraints facing the agricultural sector in the Sudan. The paper also demonstrates that complexity and linkages of the various technology adoption factors represent real challenges in future technology management in the Sudan. Finally, a number of findings emerge which outline the key issues relating to the effective management of technological transformation in the Sudan and other similar African countries.


On September 14, 2023, an expert research group made up of a team of NASA scientists released their final report on "unidentified aeronautical phenomena (UAPs)," which include unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and natural phenomena. General impressions regarding this report are stated.


Through the investigations and studies on Wenyujin planting-area,we found a few problems in Wenyujin traditional planting methods,including long-time continuous croping, degeneration of germplasm,changes of seeding-time and harvesting-time,lack of organic fertilizer,various planting density, various quality of seed,and wild use of herbicide,etc.These problems are highly affecting the yield and quality of Wenyujin crude drugs.And these problems are also the same problems of the planting production in Chinese crude drugs.The study and application of Good Agricultural Practice(GAP) or standardized planting production and management of Chinese crude drugs will provide a way to solve these probems.In this article the reasons of these problems have been analyzed, and the concrete methods to solve these problems have also been discussed.


Abstract In this paper, we are going to present the multiclass medical image content-based image retrieval (CBIR) system based on classification and clustering. Images are segmented using hill climbing-based segmentation (HCBS) based on the extracted visual features. In the improved HCBS technique, a clustering that is based on kernel-based fuzzy C-means is employed. In the next step, features like color, texture, edge density, region area, and visual words from the segmented images are extracted. The visual word can be extracted by using the clustering techniques. This visual word represents the uniqueness of the medical image, and it is used for better classification. Then, the image can be classified by using an optimal classifier artificial neural network based on the firefly algorithm. This classification leads to filtering out the irrelevant images from the database and reduces the search space for further retrieval process. In the second stage, the relevant images are extracted from the reduced database based on the similarity measure. The proposed CBIR technique is assessed by querying different images, and the retrieval efficiency is estimated by determining the precision-recall values for the retrieval results.


In current work we discuss the issue of the analytic continuation of a power series along a logarithmic spiral outside of the convergence disc. A necessary and su�cient condition in terms of the interpolating entire function is obtained. Moreover, the relation in between the possibility of analytic continuation and the density of the lacunas of a power series is studied.


A fuzzy union reasoning based fuzzy sliding mode controller (FUR-FSMC) is proposed. In the process of designing the FUR-FSMC, we firstly employ the sliding mode control technique to design the fuzzy control rules, so that the fuzzy controller has the characteristics of stability and robustness. Next we adopt the fuzzy union reasoning to construct the fuzzy control rules and to obtain the FUR-FSMC. The fuzzy control rule base of the FUR-FSMC is composed of a series of single-input single-output relations coupled by union. This construction will efficiently reduce the number of rules in the rule base. Finally, we apply a genetic algorithm (GA) to search the optimal parameters for the FUR-FSMC. Computer simulations of an inverted pendulum control system are used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed FUR-FSMC.


Thank you for downloading the american heritage history of american business industry. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their chosen readings like this the american heritage history of american business industry, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful virus inside their computer.


OCLC has grown from the original group of Ohio academic libraries to 27,000 libraries located in North America, Europe, Asia, Latin American, and South Africa. Each of the records in WorldCat (the OCLC Online Union Catalog) is a local creation that is available for use across the globe for different purposes. Common issues that must be faced with the expansion of a bibliographic utility include cataloging standards, subject access in languages appropriate to the user, local needs versus global usefulness, and character sets. Progress has been made with the cooperative creation of an international name authority file and the uniform application of ISBD principles. A method of linking various subject vocabularies and an improved infrastructure of MARC formats and character sets are needed. Librarians need new automated tools to provide preliminary access to date available in electronic form and to assist them in organizing and storing that data.


Letter from Mr. C. Lincoln Williston to Dr. Charles A. Rush, Jr., discussing a news feature about Dr. May Own.


Bone growth is determined by many factors – immobility of bone ends, osteoblastic potency, contact of the bone margins and distance between them. In critically long defects, where the distance between the bone ends is greater than the diameter of the bone, healing processes are compromised because of the limited possibility of bone communication. Applying the gold standard autotransplantation from a rib, iliac bone, or other donor organ is not always possible, and new healing possibilities are investigated. Synthetic osteoinductive biomaterials such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, collagen, composites, and others are successfully used as carriers, but their efficacy is limited without their activation by a biological organic autologous osteoinductor. Recent studies have shown that platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow aspirate, or tissue growth factors have an exceptionally high potential for autologous osteoinductors. The purpose of this article is to compare the osteoinductive potential of bone marrow and concentrated bone marrow aspirate in the healing of critically long fractures without autotransplantation.


Forest Service Research and Development (R&D) works at the forefront of science to improve the health and use of our nation's forests and grasslands. Research has been part of the Forest Service mission since the agency's inception. Today, Forest Service researchers work in a range of biological, physical, and social science fields; their research covers all 50 states, U.S. territories, and commonwealths. The Northern Research Station is one of six in R&D, and includes 20 states in the north-central and northeastern U.S., comprising both the most densely populated and most heavily forested portions of the country.


Abstract : The production and use of a magnetic tape library of thermodynamic data is discussed. The tape is produced from a deck of punched cards, six for each of more than one hundred chemical species. The data on each species include an identification number, coded references, formula, and atomic weight (of elemental species), the enthalpy change from 0 to 298.15 K, the standard heat of formation at 298.15 K, melting point and heat of fusion, boiling point and heat of vaporization, coefficients giving the specific heat as a rational function of the temperature, and integ ation constants permitting calculation of enthalpy and entropy. All data are given for a pressure of one atmosphere. These data permit calculation of enthalpy, entropy and the Gibbs free energy over the temperature range 1000 6000 K. The machine program used in the work is presented accompanied by illustrations of its use. Sources of the original data are given. Examples are produced from the literature showing discrepancies for some aluminum and boron compounds. (Author)


A field experiment was conducted during kharif seasons of 2012 and 2014 at C. S. Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur to study the effect of different uses of herbicides on growth and yield attributes and seed cotton yield in hirsutum cotton. Data indicated that application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg a. i./ha as PE+quizalofopethyl @ 50 g a. i./ha 30 DAS+one hoeing 50 DAS and weed free plot improved significantly all the growth and yield attributing characters over weedy check. Weed free check plot produced significantly highest seed cotton yield (1311 kg/ha) and lint yield (442 kg/ha) than weedy check. Herbicidal application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg a. i./ha as PE+Quizalofopethyl @ 50 g a. i./ha 30 DAS+one hoeing 50 DAS was found next best treatment of producing significantly higher seed cotton yield (1157 kg/ha) and lint yield (357 kg/ha) than weedy check (514 kg/ha) and (174 kg/ha) seed cotton yield and lint yield, respectively. Lowest dry weight (3.98 g/m2) of weeds was recorded with direct spray of glyphosate 45% SL @ 1 kg a. i./ha. Higher weed control efficiency (83.3%) was recorded with direct spray of glyphosate 45% SL @ 1 kg a. i./ha followed by pendimethalin @ 1 kg a. i./ha as PE+quizalofopethyl @ 50 g a. i./ha 30 DAS+one hoeing 50 DAS (63.5%). Highest net returns (Rs. 19824/ha) and B: C ratio (1.56) were obtained with herbicidal application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg a. i./ha as PE+quizalofopethyl @ 50 g a. i./ha 30 DAS+one hoeing 50 DAS.


Srivaikuntam one of the sacred Vaishnavite centre is called after the name of Lord Vaikuntapathy who is otherwise known as Kallarpiran.  Srivaikuntam contains the words "Sri" and Vaikuntam. 'Sri' denotes holiness and Vaikuntam the holy abode of Lord Vishnu with the emergence of Bhaktimovement and because of Nammalvars mangalasasanam the place became more sacred to the Vaishnavite as one of the diviyadesas.  After the suppression of Poligars, the entire Tirunelveli District was divided into nineteen taluks including SriVaikuntam taluk.  Srivaikuntam taluk was included of Thoothukudi, Tiruchendur and Portion Ottapidaram, Sattur and so on.  After 1838 Tenkarai (Alwarthirunagari) became taluk instead of Srivaikuntam and one hundred and seventy two villages.  In 1860 again in Srivaikuntam become the taluk headquarter replacing Tenkarai. Out of Srivaikuntam taluk Tiruchendur taluk was formed in 1911.  The remainder with the addition from the Ottappidaram taluk of eight mitta and ten villages including Thoothukudi formed the new taluk of Srivaikuntam. [i] [i] Nampiar, P.K., District Census Hand Book, Tirunelveli , Vol. IX, Madras, 1965, p. 147


MY DEAR SIR,—The classification of the Buddhist Tantras into four orders (kriya°, carya°, yoga, anuttarayoga tantras) is well known from the suggestive indications of Taranatha. The enumeration can be found in Jaschke (Tib. Diet., s. voc. rgyud), or in WaddelPs "Lamaism," p. 152, and elsewhere. But the exact signification of these technical names has not,, so far as I know, been hitherto ascertained. It may, therefore, be useful to the few scholars (very few, alas !) interested in the matter to call attention to the Tantric Vaisnava treatise (Padmatantra) cleverly summarized by Dr. Eggeling in his Cat. Ind. Office MSS., pt. iv, pp. 847-850. The first chapter of this work, introductory and exegetic, is the jndnapdda. The second is named yogapdda ("concentration of mind"), dealing, among other matters, with the dsanabhedavidhi and the prdndydmalaksana. The third, kriydpada, is " on the ceremonies connected with the construction of houses, villages, temples, idols, altars, etc." The fourth, carydpdda, is " on practical worship, esp. at the celebration of the Vaishnava festivals," jdtinirnaya, diksavidhi, etc.


OBJECTIVE: To control drug inventory in hospital and to decrease drug stock cost. METHODS: The optimal drug replenishment policy and drug ordering frequency were obtained by comparing the costs of three kinds of stock control policies, i. e. single- product replenishment, combined replenishment, and coordinated replenishment. RESULT CONCLUSION: Coordinated replenishment of multi- kinds of drugs is conducive to the reduction of total costs of drug stock, which thus deserves to be popularized.


Mathematical descriptions of the IRIG 106 randomizer and derandomizer are developed and used to show the impact of shift register initial conditions on the input/output relations for a cascade of randomizer and derandomizer operations (the normal order) and a cascade of derandomizer and randomizer operations (the reverse order). The results show that for the normal order, mismatched randomizer and derandomizer shift register initial conditions impact at most the first 15 bits. But for the reverse order, mismatched randomizer and derandomizer initial conditions impact all of the bits. Consequently, the shift register initial conditions must be the same to recover data when the randomizer and derandomizer are operated in the reverse order. The mathematical representation is based on polynomials and the generating function concept and the results are confirmed using computer programs based on bit-level operations.


Infection associated haemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is rare and could be potentially fatal. Reactive HPS has been reported with various infections including tuberculosis. Tuberculosis associated HPS is more common in adults than in children. Severe pancytopenia due to HPS complicating tuberculosis and while on therapy has been rarely described. Success of therapy depends on early initiation of treatment. We describe herein a 13-years old girl who developed severe pancytopenia while on anti-tuberculous treatment. Her bone marrow aspirate showed trilineage dyspoiesis, histiocytes with phagocytosed debris and haemophagocytosis confirming a reactive haemophagocytic syndrome. She recovered completely with supportive treatment. J Microbiol Infect Dis 2013;3(4): 211-213


The relationship between having an adequate supply of individuals trained to operate heart–lung machines and quality patient care has been recognized since the early 1950s.1 The germinal elements, which became the foundation on which the system for educating perfusionists in the USA is built, were initiated in the early 1960s.2 When we reflect on the past 35 years of perfusionist education, one of the most obvious operative characteristics has been change. The evolution of perfusionist education from an informal hospital-based system to its current university-based sponsorship can be aggregated into four periods:


In this paper, the resources available to the bioengineering profession are outlined. Information about the organisations that provide services to bioengineers, as well as indications as to how one might go about tapping them, is given.


Indian banking sector is facing the problem of rising bad loans as gross non-performing assets (GNPA) of Indian banks is on continuous rise. The present study is an attempt to analyse rising bad loans scenario of Indian banks, various factors that contributes to non-performing assets (NPA), along with the present state of Indian banks. This study found that poor recovery measures, lack of proper credit and risk management system at bank level, wilful default by borrowers, lack of stringent regulation, poor level of corporate governance and misuse of funds by borrowers are the key factors behind the rising level of bad loans of Indian banks. It was found that public sector banks (PSB) are suffering the most from rising level of NPA, high rate of NPA of banks have adverse impact on banks' balance sheets, their assets quality, increased provisioning coverage ratio of banks and low return on assets. Although various concerned stakeholders have taken numerous measures to curb the situation, such as recapitalization of PSB, construction of assets reconstruction companies (ARC), Debt Recovery Tribunals for speedy recovery of bad loans and enactment of insolvency and bankruptcy code (IBC),still there is much more to do, and have a huge scope to bring reforms in banking sector, especially in PSB of India.


With the established voice service, the data service is increasing in the field of mobile telecommunications in these days. Also, the data service develops into the form of multimedia service which combines various media. However, it is limited to provide QoS(Quality of Service) for the multimedia using the established network which manages all the data in sam: rule. So, this paper suggests the network architecture which assures QoS of multimedia data by applying MPLS(Multi-Protocol Label Switching) to the core network. Especially, we analyze the efficiency of the network combining Mobile IP network based on the WLAN(Wireless LAN) and core network based on MPLS through by network simulations using QualNet.


Projected changes in daily temperatures are highly model dependent, particularly in the summer midlatitudes where the spread in the response of heat waves represents a major obstacle for the design of adaptation strategies. Understanding the main reasons for such uncertainties is obviously a research priority. Here we use a set of global atmospheric simulations to assess the contribution of the soil moisture feedback to changes in the full distribution of daily maximum summer temperatures projected in the late 21st century. Results show that this feedback (i) accounts for up to one third of the mean increase in daily maximum temperatures, (ii) dominates changes in the shape of the distribution, and (iii) explains about half of the increase in the severity of heat waves over densely populated areas of the northern midlatitudes. A dedicated intercomparison project is therefore needed to assess and constrain land surface feedbacks in the new generation Earth System Models.


BACKGROUND
Low bone mineral density (BMD) can not accurately differentiate between those who willexperience a hip fracture and those who will not after the fall from standing high. Itinfluences the predicted success of future fracture prevention in less than 50 %. Bone strengthexplains the ratio between applied force that act to deform the bone in the counter and thereduced ability of osteoporotic bone to resist some more than the physiologic load in thedenominator. The Nevitt's bone fragility factor explains a hip fracture at the same time asan accident (counter) and a disease (denominator).The dominant factor in a hip fracture is the fall of the elderly patient. Falls are not onlyaccidents, but are also a consequence of the normal aging process. Falls are preventable bythe multifactorial interdisciplinary prevention program (MIPP). Unfortunately as muchas 75 % of women and 90 % of men at high risk in nursing homes are not investigated, and75 % of those affected are not treated.
CONCLUSIONS
Very useful is Charlson's comorbidity index with 19 typical geriatric diseases, predictingdeath in hospitalized elderly with fragility fracture (heart, lung, kidneys, vessels, DM,tumor, liver, dementia, coagulopathies). If the patient has not any comorbidity, his oneyear mortality is estimated to be 12 %. With 1–2 comorbidities estimated mortality is 26 %,with 3–4 comorbidities 52 %, with 5 or more comorbidities the mortality is above 85 %. Inhip fracture Charlson index is on average 3.4. All comorbidities benefit from early operation and early mobilization


The author shows the reasons of eastern policy softening in some regions and the transition to its more flexible forms by German occupants and reveals that occupants used different factors including national and religious ones. According to the presented data the peculiarities of occupational policy realization became the powerful catalyst of collaborationist moods among soviet citizens.


The cutaneous lesions which accompany Hodgkin's disease present varying pictures and may precede, accompany or sometimes follow the general manifestations. According to Cole 1 the most common cutaneous manifestation is pruritus. Next most common is a prurigo-like exanthem. There are accompanying excoriations, scars and areas of pigmentation and swelling. Urticaria is not infrequent, and purpuric lesions have been described. Wechselmann 2 and others reported a diffuse exfoliating erythroderma. It is considered a rare occurrence. Fraser 3 described an eruption, preceded by generalized pruritus, on the back, chest and shins of a man aged 65. The lesions were round or oval reddened scaly areas with well defined borders, measuring 1 to 3 cm. by 5 cm. Small reddish or bluish tumors containing serosanguineous fluid have been termed "lymphogranulomatosis cutis" by Grosz. 4 Ziegler 5 made the statement that in 25 per cent of all cases there is found


This article briefly reviews the classical concept of functional dependence in mathematics, determines the limitations of this concept for adequate modeling of reality and formulates the problem, consisting in search of such generalization of the concept of functions, which is more suitable for the adequate reflection of causal relationships in the real domain. Also, it discusses theoretical and practical solving the problem, consisting in: (a) we suggest the universal method of calculating the amount of information in the value of argument about the meaning of the function, i.e. cognitive functions which is independent from the subject area; b) we offer software tools: Eidos intelligent system, allowing in practice to carry out these calculations, i.e. to build cognitive functions based on a fragmented noisy empirical data of high dimension. We also offer the concepts of nonreducing, partially and completely reduced direct and inverse, positive and negative cognitive functions and the method of formation of reduced cognitive function, which is a generalization of known weighted least-squares method on the basis of observation the amount of information in the values of the argument about the values of the functions accounting


This paper introduces a method for feature extraction from multiresolution representations (wavelet,curvelet) for classification of digital mammograms. The proposed method selects the fe atures according to its capability to distinguish between different classes. The method starts with both performing wavelet and curvelet transform over mammogram images. The resulting coefficients of each image are used to construct a matrix. Each row in the matrix corresponds to an image.The most significant features, in terms of capabilities of differentiating classes,are selected. The method uses threshold values to select the columns that will maximize the difference between the different classes'representa tives. The proposed method is applied to the mammographic image analysis society (MIAS) dataset. The results calculated using 2x5-folds cross validation show that the proposed method is able to find an appropriate feature set that lead to significant improvement in c lassification accuracy.The obtained results were satisfactory and the performances of both wavelet and curvelet are presented and compared.


Based on the inductive explanation of indicators and research methods related to regional inequality,the situation of regional inequity in China since the middle and latter period of 1980s is investigated by using the Theil index,and the income gaps between rural and urban,between east,central and west are decomposed.The results show that the income gaps between rural and urban,between east,central and west are main factors leading to regional inequality.


Objective:To study the incidences of childhood obesity between urban and rural area in Chongqing and its related factors.Methods:According to the cluster sampling method,a total of 77 411 school-age children aged 6 to 18 years from Chongqing urban and rural area were enrolled.Height,weight and body mass index(BMI) were measured.According to the method of stratified cluster sampling,4 400 children from 2 urban schools and 3 rural schools were extracted to fill obesity influencing factors questionnaires.Children were divided into obese group and control group according to BMI,childhood obesity related multivariate Logistic regression analysis was made and differences of obesity risk factors between urban and rural were compared.Results:(1)Overall obesity incidences among school-age children in Chongqing were 8.23%,9.70% in urban and 5.32% in rural areas(P0.000 1).(2)Obesity related factors logistic regression analysis demonstrated that birth weight,meat,fried food,beverage,snack intake frequency,maternal smoking and family history of obesity were risk factors for childhood obesity in urban area;breastfeeding,vegetable intake frequency and vitamin supplements were protective factors.At the same time,birth weight,fried foods,milk products,snack intake frequency,parents BMI were risk factors for childhood obesity in rural area;breastfeeding was protective factor.(3)Urban children ate more meat,fried foods and milk product than rural children;family obesity history rate was higher while breastfeeding rate was lower in urban children than in rural children(P0.05).Conclusions:Childhood obesity incidence of urban area is higher than that of rural area in Chongqing and the influencing factors are maternal nutrition during pregnancy,maternal smoking,feeding mode,way of life and family history of obesity.To control childhood obesity in urban,we should focus on advocating smoking cessation during pregnancy,raising breast feeding rate and controlling meat,fried food,sugary drinks,snack intake of children.Childhood obesity incidence is lower in rural area than in urban area,but the growth rate is higher in rural area than in urban area;measures should be taken to improve children's dietary patterns and control fried foods,milk products and snack intake to avoid recommitting the same error of urban children.


Background and Objective: AIDs is disease that can to have various psychological problems. However, reality therapy is amongst therapies that were used for treatment of behavioral disease patients. So, the aim of present study was determinant of effectiveness of reality therapy on reduce of anxiety and increase of hope in patient with HIV-positive refereed to the disease behavioral center Shemiran's Health Network.Materials and Methods: The study Done Semi experimental in partnership with population the patient with HIV-positive refereed to the disease behavioral center Shemiran's Health Network that their anxiety range is middle anxiety (22 and above) and upper who in this population. 30 individual was selected by voluntary available sampling and were replaced randomly 15 individual in experimental group and control group. The experimental group was received reality therapy during 10 sessions and per week one session, but control group wasn't received any intervention. Both experimental group and control group was collated to the Miller Hope Questionnaire and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Collected data were analyzed used covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and by SPSS-16.Results: The mean (SD) of participants age in experimental group equal to were 38.9 (6.9) and in control group equal to were 39.5 (5.2). The mean (SD) of anxiety of pretest in experimental group(16.5 (7.5)) was lower than control group(24.0 (2.8); p<0.001) and Hope of pretest in experimental group(122.5 (14.7)) was higher than control group(98.9 (13.3); p<0.001)Conclusion: The Study showed Reality Therapy Training had effects on reduce of anxiety and increase of hope patient with HIV-positive in experimental group.


Section Celluloderma of the genus Pluteus is subdivded into two subsections, Mixtini and Celluloderma. In the following account, four species are discussed for subsection Mixtini. Pluteus eugraptus...


A new type of electrically supported gyro (ESG) using a solid spherical rotor with a slight c.m. offset for generating readout signals, has recently been developed. A technique for actively damping the angular velocity vector during initial spin-up of this type of gyro is described and analyzed. The active damping scheme presented here can complete damping in the time required for spin-up alone which compares very favorably with times of several hours or more that are required for passive damping. It differs from previous active dampers in that no marks are required on the rotor.


WELCOME BRONCOS! To make sure you have a great fall semester, the University Library has a series of fun and engaging library events to teach about the library and our many services. Please join us online for as many events as you can!


There is a fundamental analogy between photography and radiography in respect to determining the correct exposure factors. In photography the exposure on a given "material"2 depends upon the following three factors: (a) the shutter speed expressed in seconds or fractions thereof; (b) the lens opening expressed in F/stops; (c) the brightness of the scene, i.e., the amount of light reflected by the object to be photographed. Factor (c) has to be measured or estimated by the photographer, whereas the setting of factors (a) and (b) are calculated or determined from tables or memory. Similarly in radiography the factors for a given material are: (a) timer setting in milliampere seconds; (b) the kilovoltage; (c) the thickness of the patient, which is a useful though somewhat inadequate expression of the amount of radiation which is transmitted by the subject to be radiographed. Like his photographic colleague, the radiographer measures or estimates factor (c) and from it determines factors (a) and (b) by rote, ...


Abstract The present paper offers an insight into the challenges of translation training within a young study programme. The introductory part mentions the revolution of the translation industry, which is connected to the technical advances, followed by a short presentation of the institution and the requirements of the Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education in this respect. Taking into consideration the market requirements for translators, possible leverage for future translators is presented through the prism of a practical course on translation technology, which is approached critically as well. The article ends with an outline of present-day skills and competences necessary for professional translators and possible conclusions.


In the conventional agile attitude maneuver of a satellite, a control system of the satellite and Single Gimbal Control Moment Gyro (SGCMG) is designed separately and stability is not guaranteed under the singularity of SGCMGs. Therefore, in this research, we integrate the satellite and SGCMGs and design a model with the gimbal angular velocity as input. Since the target gimbal angle can be explicitly designed by a null motion, proposed control system is possible to guide the initial gimbal angle which is advantageous for next mission. In addition, it is shown that proposed method can guarantee stability even under the singularity of SGCMGs by the State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE). Moreover, numerical simulations show that the singularity avoidance performance up to the target gimbal angle and the guidance performance of the gimbal angle are higher than the conventional method due to the optimality of gimbal angular velocity input.