Review Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review is to critically analyse the literature to determine which non-pharmacological strategies can be effectively implemented by nurses within a residential aged care facility to manage the symptom of agitation in person with advanced dementia. Review Questions: 1. What non-pharmacological strategies have been implemented, by nurses, for the symptom management of agitation in persons with advanced dementia living in a residential aged care facility? 2. Which of the identified strategies were most effective in: -Reducing the severity of agitated behaviours? -Reducing the frequency of agitated behaviours? -Reducing the frequency and dosage of pharmacotherapy for the symptom of agitation? Criteria for considering studies for this review: Types of participants: This review will consider all studies that investigate the symptom management of agitation in persons with advanced dementia living in a residential aged care facility. Types of strategies/interventions: Any non-pharmacological strategy that is nurse implemented to reduce the frequency or severity of agitated behaviours. (See page 3 "Definitions of Terms" for broad categories). Types of outcome measures: Studies will be included if they have assessed the effects of a strategy on the following outcomes: 1. severity of agitated behaviours 2. frequency of agitated behaviours 3. use of pharmacotherapy in relation to agitated behaviours


History of Angiogenesis.- Angiogenesis and Vascular Remodeling: Biology and Architecture of the Vasculature.- Endothelial Cell Activation.- Pericytes, the Mural Cells of the Microvascular System.- Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Endogenous Inhibitors.- Integrins in Angiogenesis.- Fibroblast Growth Factor-2.- Vascular Permeability Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor.- Platelet-derived Growth Factor.- Angiopoietins and Tie Receptors.- Basement Membrane-derived Inhibitors of Angiogenesis.- Endostatin and Angiostatin.- Thrombospondins.- Overview of Angiogenesis during Tumor Growth.- Hypoxic Regulation of Angiogenesis by HIF-1.- Regulation of Angiogenesis by von Hippel Lindau Protein and HIF2.- Nitric Oxide in Tumor Angiogenesis.- VEGF Signal Transduction in Angiogenesis.- Delta-like Ligand 4/Notch Pathway in Tumor Angiogenesis.- Immune Cells and Inflammatory Mediators as Regulators of Angiogenesis.- Contribution of Endothelial Progenitor Cells to the Angiogenic Process.- The Cancer Stem Cell Model.- Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment (Stroma).- Normalization of Tumor Vasculature and Microenvironment.- Targeted Drug Delivery to the Tumor Neovasculature.- Models for Angiogenesis.- Surrogates for Clinical Development.- Imaging of Angiogenesis.- Tumor Endothelial Markers.- Overview and Clinical Applications of VEGF-A.- Protein Tyrosine Kinase as Antiangiogenic Agents.- Therapeutic Strategies that Target the HIF System.- The Clinical Utility of Bevacizumab.- Development of Thalidomide and its IMiD Derivatives.- TNP-470: The Resurrection of One of the First Angiogenesis Inhibitors.- Clinical Development of VEGF Trap.- Recent Advances in Angiogenesis Drug Development.- Combination of Angiogenic Therapy with other Anticancer Therapies.- Immunotherapy of Angiogenesis with DNA Vaccines.- Challenges of Antiangiogenic Therapy of Tumors.- Pharmacogenetics of Antiangiogenic Therapy.- Angiogenesis in the Central Nervous System.-Lymphatic Vascular System and Lymphangiogenesis.- Ocular Neovascularization.- Angiogenesis and Pathology in the Oral Cavity.- Revascularization of Wound: The Oxygen-Hypoxia Paradox.- Journeys in Coronary Angiogenesis.- Perspectives on the Future of Angiogenesis Research.


Abstract A new mixed-ligand diorganotin(IV) complex, [μ-(4-dpe){Me2Sn(cup)2}2] (1), was synthesized by reacting dimethyltin(IV) dichloride with 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene (4-dpe) and ammonium N-Nitroso-N-phenylhydroxylamine (cup). The prepared complex was fully characterized by PXRD, 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR, IR, and UV spectra and elemental analysis (CHN). The structural analysis of complex 1 by X-ray diffraction showed that this compound consists of centrosymmetric binuclear units that crystallize in the monoclinic system with the space group of P21/c. Thermal behavior of this complex was interrogated by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA and DTA) under air atmosphere. The study of thermal behavior and luminescence properties of prepared diorganotin(IV) complex exhibited that this complex can be used as a emitting layer in the preparation of optical devices. The prepared coordination compound was used in two different concentrations in the manufacture of two light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).


To construst a public-key cryptosystem that can resist quantum computers,a provable F-Niederreiter PKC is designed by using error correcting code theory.By means of reviewing currently know attacks to the F-Niederreiter PKC,the assumption that without any decryption oracles or any partial knowledge on the plaintext of the challenge ciphertext,no polynomial-time algorithm can break F-Niederreiter PKC,is obtained.Then,a new F-Niederreiter PKC under the assumption is proposed,and the new F-Niederreiter PKC can be proved,in the random oracle model,to be IND-CCA2 security.


Nuclear power can play a role in reducing CO2 emissions and improving energy security. Public attitudes to nuclear safety governance will be critical in whether a large-scale rollout of nuclear power will be successful, so we commissioned a survey of 1,007 members of the British public to understand the determinants of such views. In particular, we focus on the role of trust in government, which has been largely neglected as a subject of study. We find that higher risk perceptions of new nuclear power technologies is associated with lower overall government trustworthiness, while higher engagement levels, being male and intentions to vote Conservative increase trustworthiness. Risk perceptions towards old and the new nuclear technologies do not differ significantly, which raises questions about the view that newer defence-in-depth nuclear technologies can reduce public fear of nuclear power. To build public trust, the UK government must demonstrate its trustworthiness in nuclear safety governance, especially along the dimensions of integrity, reliability and openness. Further, improving stakeholder engagement and thus increasing the levels of public satisfaction towards the government are necessary. Our novel research methodology of determining government trustworthiness in relation to public risk perceptions, technical knowledge, and stakeholder engagement is more broadly applicable and can be transferred to other subject areas and to countries where public concerns over nuclear safety and energy security are significant.


From the perspective of university students' on-line participation, through planning, organizing, implementing the on-line ideological and political education activity, we summarize the path of ideological and political education in university based on on-line participation, that is, take what the university student most concern as the entering point, construct the on-line education base and carry out the off-line reflection and summarizing. The strategy of connecting the on-line and off-line activity and critically handling the activity is also proposed.


The present invention relates to a single step in a pipelined manner to achieve graphic image scaling, the design method of rotating order filters, the method may further scaling the two-dimensional image is completed, 90 degrees, or 270 degrees, or 180 degrees of rotation, the horizontal / vertical and mixing the mirror image, save bandwidth while increasing the SOC of the filter system performance. This is accomplished by multiple two-dimensional image is scaled according to the rotation angle of the micro control unit to adjust the intra-macroblock and the size of the run sequence macro block, to ensure that intermediate computed data to maximize reuse, thereby improving the performance of the filter. Using the pipeline implementation of two-dimensional scaling, rotation, mirroring, and an image mixing step is completed, the intermediate results need not be written to memory, to save system bandwidth, using a cache memory that stores source image data, reduce the consumption of hardware resources.


Urban metropolitan city-centers offer the most complex, socially connective environments in the built world. The social structures fundamentally embedded in city life are, however increasingly being overshadowed by an isolating system of city
densification. The City of Toronto, as a territory of exploration, is one of many cities that are evolving a dense array of restrictive boundaries that increasingly challenge human connectivity, and the deep-rooted ability of these environments to establish vibrant city life. It is the role of architecture to mediate the relationships between the public and private territories and to understand how these environments are utilized and engaged by the surrounding context. This thesis has extracted critical environmental components exemplified in city, community, and building territories, and has re-integrated these defining characteristics into an alternative design strategy that establishes a balanced symbiotic relationship between the private and public realms of Toronto's future City Core.


A predator-prey diffusion system with refuge and toxicity is studied.The uniform boundedness of solution is investigated.The sufficient conditions of local asymptotic stability of equilibriums are showed by applying linearization method and spectral analysis.The global asymptotical stability of the positive equilibrium is also studied by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function.


An improved solution of the non-linear and ill-posed inverse problem of electro-cardiography is presented. The hearts activity is modeled by three di®erent equivalent cardiac sources: 1 moving dipole, 2 and 5 fixed location rotating dipoles. For this purpose a three dimensional volume conductor model of the human body is constructed based on a classical anatomic atlas. This is excited by each one of the cardiac sources. For the inverse problem a Least Squares (LS) optimization scheme is employed, aiming at the matching of the potential distribution calculated on the torso surface to the corresponding distribution measured with the aid of multiple electrodes. The efficiency of the method stems from the employment of arbitrary shaped hexahedral elements within the volume conductor model for the minimization of the required computational resources, while the model realistically reflects the body internal structure. Finally, the algorithm is successfully tested using measured data available online. (Less)


Objective:In order to make use of the resources of gendarussa ventricosa,avoid wasting and approach the extraction of total flavanone of gendarussa ventricosa.Methods :The flavonids were extracted by ethanol as the solvent from murraya kwangsiensis with ultrasonic wave and ethanol extraction.Using spectrophotometry to extract and check the flavanone of gendarussa ventricosa.Results: By this method getting the density of the total flavanone of gendarussa ventricosa is C=1.0128 mg/ml and the rate of recovery is 99.05%.Conclusion: This text provides the extraction and purifying methods to get the outcome and the purity of the flavanone are all very high.This method is a purely physical process and has not any pollution.It is an ideal way to extract the flavanone of gendarussa ventricosa.


The study was conducted at Fincha Sugar Estate to evaluate the performance of eleven introduced in 2012 Cuban sugarcane genotypes for Plant Cane (PC) and first ratoon (R-I). The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), laid out in three replicates. Data were collected for millable stalk, plant height, stalk diameter, single stalk weight, cane yield, brix % juice, pol percent, sugar recovery percent and sugar yield. The differences among the Elven Cuban genotypes and two standard checks were highly significant for all analyzed quantitative traits. Generally, in both plant cane and Ratoon I crop cycles C88-556, C88-356, C90530 and C13281gave higher performances in cane and sugar yield (tons/ha) than the checks B 52298 and NCO 334. Therefore C 88-556, C 132-81, C 90-530 and C 88356 were recommended for seed increase to use in further verification on large plots sooner as Ratoon II data will be confirmed.


Rose mosaic virus disease is one of the most economically important diseases affecting roses, because a single symptomatic leaf can result in the rejection of complete shipments for wholesale or retail rose producers. It continues to be a problem in nursery production and landscapes. This 5-page document discusses the causes, symptoms, and management of this disease. Written by Susannah da Silva, Binoy Babu, Mathews L. Paret, Gary Knox, Fanny Iriarte, Barron Riddle, Matt Orwat, Shawn T. Steed, E. Vanessa Campoverde, and Svetlana Y. Folimonova and published by the UF/IFAS Plant Pathology Department, August 2018. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pp338/


BRS Catiana is an irrigated rice cultivar with a medium cycle and excellent grain quality, suited for cultivation in 17 Brazilian states. It has a high yield potential (15,535 kg ha-1) and a mean yield of 7,253 kg ha-1, wide adaptation and late senescence (stay green trait).


Trichomycterus tete, new species is described from the upper rio de Contas basin, northeastern Brazil. It is the fi rst record of the genus to the Caatinga semi-arid region. The new species is distinguished from all its congeners by having a combination of eight pectoral-fin rays, the fi rst pectoral-fin ray prolonged as a fi lament, metapterygoid deeper than wide, short maxillary barbel reaching the middle of opercular patch of odontodes, narrow head (head width 68.07 – 77.5% HL), 11 dorsal-fin rays, caudal fin truncated, body slender (body depth 12.3 – 13.6% SL), shorter dorsal-fin base (dorsal-fin base length 9.5 – 11.4% SL), and an uncommon color pattern. In addition, T. tete differs from all the congeners from southeastern Brazil by having a deep area at the external edge of the hypobranchial 1.


God created human beings composed of two sexes that men and woman,
but in reality there is other sexes ad experiencing confusion in determining their
gender. Confusion is the absence of compatibility between gender and mental
state. Incompability of gender and mental health can happen to someone who was
born in example with female genitals were imperfect and flawed, but she felt not
into a woman butmore suited to be a man, or vice versa. Such circumtances it was
called a Transgender or Transsexual. Solution adopted by many transgender
person is to performa sex-change operation. Transgender person who perform
genital surgery were opposed by many parties. Such circumtances to make an
effort for transgender to feel more comfortable with their self would back fire to
them. Obscurity and injustice were encountered by transgender persons.
Therefore, it is necessary that laws can regulatetransgender issues, but
unfortunately until now there is no law that can give justice for transgender
persons.


It is a common practice, recognized by Article 25 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), for negotiating parties to a treaty to apply some or all of the provisions of the treaty provisionally prior to the treaty's entry into force.1 Sometimes, if the treaty never comes into force, it can operate on the basis of provisional application for many years. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is a stand out example. This agreement, signed in 1947, was intended to apply on a provisional basis for only a few years, until the framework International Trade Organization came into force. However, when the GATT failed to gain favour in the US Congress, the ITO was abandoned, and the GATT continued as a provisionally applied agreement until 1995, when it was replaced by the World Trade Organization. The practice of provisional application presents numerous theoretical and practical difficulties, and the inclusion of Article 25 into the Vienna Convention was not uncontroversial.2 One problem is that, the practice can bypass normal democratic controls on the treaty-making process. Some countries guard against this possibility, for example by subjecting provisional application to the same procedures as treaty ratification.3 Other legal systems are more flexible. The European Union, for example, expressly authorises the EU Council to


OBJECTIVE
To study the difference of nasal resistance (NR) and nasal parameters between Chinese and Black people from African.

METHOD
Nasal minimal cross-sectional area (NMCA), nasal cavity volume (NCV), nasal resistance (NR) in 46 adult Black people (male:29, female: 17) from Africa were tested by ECCOVISION acoustic rhinometry and 50 Chinese (male:25, female:25) were used as contrast.

RESULT
NMCA of both Chinese and Black people were positioned at internal nostril. There was significant relationship between the NR and NCV, NR and NMCA.

CONCLUSION
The NR is decided by NMCA and NCV. In the same condition, there are different nasal parameters among different race.


This paper proposes a target tracking algorithm,which is based on multiple color information fusion and projection vector,and can describe the space information of target more than camshift.The method adopts the statistical projection of multiple colors,which includes Y,U,V and H etc,to fuse information,to describe the interesting moving target,and uses level and vertical histogram projection to describe the space information of target.Results show that the multiple color information fusion and projection vector can improve the tracking effect of moving target.


Because continuing medical education (CME) activities in psychopharmacology have traditionally documented only that participants have been exposed to a great deal of new information, it has been difficult to gauge to what extent CME leads to the acquisition of new knowledge or to the translation of this knowledge into clinical practice. The goal of modern CME is not only to facilitate learning and knowledge translation, but to evaluate whether these outcomes have occurred. Although further research will be required to develop practical, affordable, and proven methods that are capable of measuring the extent to which a CME activity facilitates sustained knowledge translation into clinical practice, it is already possible to incorporate participant-focused educational designs, measurements of learning with pre-and posttesting, and case-based exercises to assess whether the translation of knowledge into proxies of clinical practice is now beginning to occur.


Now many metropolitan electric railways are being constructed on the metropolitan area. But railways now in service have some inefficiency. These railways are operated like subways, for example, all slow trains and fixed train set. So this paper proposes the methods of improvement. For making rapid train, it is showed ' philosophy of rapid train ' that makes rapid train to be main service. And for effective operation, it is introduced flexible train set and 'separation-unification operation'. And for smart railway tracks, it is introduced making loop track and direct connection track between radiating and circular railways. By these methods, a master plan of improvement of metropolitan electric railways is made and vision of the railways becomes common to passengers.


Several 2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acids derived from cysteine have been dehydrogenated to the corresponding thiazole-4-carboxylic acids with alkaline potassium ferricyanide. Mercuric acetate has also been shown to be effective for a relatively stable thiazoline.


How can we understand the increasing development of "sporting" practices in public urban spaces in France during the past fifteen years? It is not simply the consequence of a saturation of the specialized spaces. Our hypothesis is that those new forms of practices take place in an evolution of the contemporary urban culture. We illustrate it with an anthropologic research.


OBJECTIVE Overnight hypoglycemia occurs frequently in individuals with type 1 diabetes and can result in loss of consciousness, seizure, or even death. We conducted an in-home randomized trial to determine whether nocturnal hypoglycemia could be safely reduced by temporarily suspending pump insulin delivery when hypoglycemia was predicted by an algorithm based on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) glucose levels. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Following an initial run-in phase, a 42-night trial was conducted in 45 individuals aged 15–45 years with type 1 diabetes in which each night was assigned randomly to either having the predictive low-glucose suspend system active (intervention night) or inactive (control night). The primary outcome was the proportion of nights in which ≥1 CGM glucose values ≤60 mg/dL occurred. RESULTS Overnight hypoglycemia with at least one CGM value ≤60 mg/dL occurred on 196 of 942 (21%) intervention nights versus 322 of 970 (33%) control nights (odds ratio 0.52 [95% CI 0.43–0.64]; P < 0.001). Median hypoglycemia area under the curve was reduced by 81%, and hypoglycemia lasting >2 h was reduced by 74%. Overnight sensor glucose was >180 mg/dL during 57% of control nights and 59% of intervention nights (P = 0.17), while morning blood glucose was >180 mg/dL following 21% and 27% of nights, respectively (P < 0.001), and >250 mg/dL following 6% and 6%, respectively. Morning ketosis was present <1% of the time in each arm. CONCLUSIONS Use of a nocturnal low-glucose suspend system can substantially reduce overnight hypoglycemia without an increase in morning ketosis.


We prove that, over a PID, if two matrices A and B have the same size, present isomorphic modules and have rank > 2, then A is equivalent to B. This answers a question raised by Nakayama in 1938. Our solution makes use of a number of facts about the algebraic K-theory of noetherian rings. Let A be a PID, that is, an integral domain (not necessarily commutative) in which every left ideal and every right ideal is principal. We call m x n matrices A and B over A equivalent, and write A ~ B, if B = PAQ for invertible matrices P and Q over A. It is well known (T '37, A '38, J '43) that every such A is equivalent to a diagonal matrix D in which each diagonal entry is a total divisor of the next, that is, (0.1) D = diag(di,d2, • ■ •) where each Ae?? noi?A 3 Ad?+iA. Three obvious invariants for the equivalence class of A are m, n and the isomorphism


The objectives of this work were to assess soil and water losses and determine interrill erodibility (Ki) of three soils with clayey texture: Typic Rhodudult (PE), a Typic Hapludult (PV) and a Rhodic Hapludox (LR) for the application of the WEPP (Water Erosion Prediction Project) model in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil and to evaluate the relationship between Ki and some physical, chemical and mineralogical soil properties and surface characteristics. The experiment was set in a completely randomized block design, consisting of three clayey soils, four slopes (15, 25, 35 and 45%), five simulated rainfall intensities (50, 60, 70, 90 and 120 mm h-1 ) and five replicates, and carried out under prewetted conditions. The Ki values were determined from the simulated rain intensities, plot declivities and interrill erosion rates across each simulated rain. The results showed that the PV had the highest interrill erodibility (Ki) followed by the PE and LR. The interrill erodibibity rates determined were: 4,67 x 105 kg s m-4 for PE; 6,85 x 105 kg s m-4 for PV and 3,38 x 105 kg s m-4 for LR. The soil parameters that showed the best correlation with interrill erodibility were iron oxide, caulinite, water dispersible clay, total volume of pores, bulk density, particle density, organic matter and aggregates < 0,105 mm.


Abstract : The long-range aim of this research is to improve the understanding of marine population dynamics and the interactions between organisms and their physical environment. This goal is pursued through a combination of data analysis and model development. The specific objective of this research is to produce a synthesis of the current knowledge of the dynamics of the Arabian Sea. In particular, the dynamics of populations of phytoplankton and zooplankton associated with western boundary, Oman coastal, and open ocean upwelling in this region are being studied. The goal is to produce a model framework that can be used to test hypotheses arising from the analysis of the 1995 field work and earlier data sets. The results of the model and data analysis are then compared with other upwelling regimes.


Objective To establish the quality control methods of CO Banlangen Granules. Methods TLC was used to Amino acid (Arginine CRS,Isoleucine CRS,Proline CRS,Valine CRS) and Nucleoside (Adenosine CRS,Adenine CRS) as the reference. Results Amino acid (Arginine CRS,Isoleucine CRS,Proline CRS,Valine CRS) and Nucleoside (Adenosine CRS,Adenine CRS) were detected in TLC. Conclusion The above method is simple,accurate and suitable for the quality control of CO Banlangen Granules.


Results: 28.6% of the cases and 30% of the controls were between 50 and 59 years old. 60% of the cases and 57.1% of the controls were women. The tumor was on the right side in 68.6% of the cases and 67.1% of the controls. Hearing loss was found in 80% and 84.3% of cases and controls, respectively. Schwannoma was found in 82.9% of cases and 85.7% of controls. Postoperative facial function was classified as grade I in 60% and 48.6% of cases and controls, respectively, while auditory was classified as class I in 74.3% and 61.4% for both groups, respectively. The frequency of complications was 40% in cases and 51.4% in controls.


The main elements of the main circuit and control circuit of auxiliary generator excitation regulator for NJ 1 AC transmission diesel locomotive are chosen and defined.This regulator uses a new kind of power semi conductor-IPM.


Previous interpretations of Labrador Sea and Baffin Bay sediment cores were hampered by failure to recognize that the presence of small (62–149 μm) specimens of 'subpolar' planktic foraminifera in high-latitude marine sediments is primarily a function of the geochemistry of the water column and/or sediments rather than an indicator of environmental conditions in overlying surface waters. Assuming this rationale is correct, foraminiferal data from core HU75–42 indicate that surface conditions in the Labrador Sea were characterized by polar waters, with probable year-round sea-ice cover, throughout most of the period from isotope stage 5a to Termination I. The single exception to this sustained cold history for the eastern Labrador Sea was a transient pulse that apparently brought relatively warm, subpolar waters to the eastern Labrador Sea for a short (probably < 600 years) interval at the isotope stage 5a/4 transition.


Word embedding aims to learn the dense representation of words and has become a regular input preparation in many NLP tasks. Due to the data and computation intensive nature of learning embeddings from scratch, a more af-fordable way is to borrow the pretrained embedding available in public and fine-tune the embedding through a domain specific downstream dataset. A privacy concern can arise if a malicious owner of the pretrained embedding gets access to the fine-tuned embedding and tries to infer the critical information from the downstream datasets. In this study, we pro-pose a novel embedding inversion framework called Invernet that materializes the privacy concern by inferring the context distribution in the downstream dataset, which can lead to key information breach. With extensive experimental studies on two real-world news datasets: Antonio Gulli's News and New York Times, we validate the feasibility of proposed privacy attack and demonstrate the effectiveness of Invernet on inferring downstream datasets based on multiple word embedding methods.


Although the literature on emission inequality is abundant, this study will differentiate itself by focusing on emission inequalities at the household level due to the disparity in household expenditure profiles. We further separate measures on emission inequality based on household characteristics as well as decompose it into sources of emission. Employing a common application for analyzing inequalities, results show that as per capita expenditure increases, within quintiles emission inequality tends to decline until the middle quintiles but then further increases in expenditure level and worsens emission inequality until the richest household. The decomposition of inequality based on emission sources suggests that energy-transportation dominantly contributes of the overall emission inequality.


The article highlights the role of language as a determinant of Ukrainian
identity, briefly describes the principles of language policy in Ukraine after
independence, outlines the special importance of language as a sign of national
identity after the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia


After Brexit, Britain has vowed to build a "Global Britain". Guided by this strategy, the Great Britain's policy towards People's Republic of China is undergoing a more dramatic adjustment, which has brought the relations between China and the United Kingdom from a "golden era" to a more turbulent and unpredictable period of today. Overall, Britain's current policy toward China is based on a range of policy tools, such as investment screening, Indo-Pacific Policy, as well as bilateral mechanisms, to catch the Chinese market for economic gain, while politically following the United States and provoking China on ideological and sovereignty matters in order to maintain its alliance with the West. Given in general the increase of negative perceptions of British public opinion of China, as well as the dramatic changes in the international situation (including the occurrence of major geopolitical events such as the Russian-Ukrainian military conflict), adjustments in the UK's policy toward China will continue for some time, which will impact the stability of Sino-British relations. In the future, based on pragmatism, Britain's China policy will maintain a flexible balance between maintaining selective cooperation with China in economy and global governance and deepening confrontation with China in the political sphere.


The paper studies problems of stability of synchronization conditions for nonlinear systems, which occur spontaneously during operation of three and more electric motors fixed on one foundation, where their rotors are unbalanced, and conditions excluding synchronization. The paper considers systems of three motors. Necessary and sufficient conditions for synchronization are revealed. Problem of stable synchronization occurs in rail transport, where several motors work simultaneously in different modes.


In this paper, we have presented a new data compression technique, designed for historical information compression in sensor networks. Our method employs the LVQ learning process to construct the codebook and the codebook's updates are compressed to save bandwidth for sensor data transmission. In addition, we have addressed the dynamic bandwidth allocation problem in sensor networks. Our DBA algorithm can dynamically adjust the communication bandwidth of different sensors in order to balance data compression qualities at different sensors.


A new species of skink, Leiolopisma stenotis, endemic to Stewart Island, New Zealand, is identified on the basis of morphology and distinctive combinations of allozymes. Discovery of this species brings the total known lizard fauna of Stewart Island to five species. Three of these are endemic to Stewart and adjacent Codfish Islands, indicating a long isolation of the reptilian fauna.


This paper examines The Merchant of Venice from a social viewpoint. It explores the types of social control on the two daughters, Portia and Jessica, and studies the ways of their resistance. In the play,the male-dominated society controls the two daughters through the rules and traditions of the Venetian society, and the daughters resist theserules and traditions through writing, cross-dressing, sexuality, and elopement. Therefore, through analyzing the two female characters in this play, this paper provides a literary analysis on the ways and means by which the two daughters are controlled, and at the same time it presents the ways that empower the daughters' resistance.


We conducted a major survey of ribonuclease (RNase) substrate complex structures to identify strategies used to inhibit cleavage of the RNA. This review is intended to serve as a guide for structural biologists interested in discovering mechanisms and functions of ribonucleases through structural studies. We searched the Protein Data Bank for RNase structures which include both RNase and nucleic acid substrate and vetted the results for structures in which the substrate remained intact. Then we organized the structures by category based on the method used for inhibition. Each of the methods include their owns pros and cons and often it is advantageous to use a mix of different methods to achieve inhibition. In addition to surveying current strategies, we identify some ideas for future directions in the field based on what we have learned.


Silver nanoprisms, a kind of silver nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by chemical reduction in water phase and treated with the light irradiation, have special optical properties and can be used as optoelectronic materials. However the hydrophilic property of silver nanoprisms suppresses their applications. In this study, thiols were used to modify the surface of the silver nanoprism to enhance its hydrophobicity. The ultraviolet-visible spectrometry (UV-Visible) was used to explore the surface properties of the NPs. Experimental results showed that the addition of a long chain thiol (pure 1-undecanthiol) to the water solution of silver nanoprisms gave a red shift in the absorption spectra in comparing with that of original silver nanoprisms colloid. It is due to the absorption of the thiol to surfaces of the NPs. The absorption of the long chain thiols can turn the hydrophilic surface to be hydrophobic. The NPs treated with the cracking rubber oil had the similar results. It is believed that the cracking rubber oil can be a feasible agent to enhance the surface hydrophobicity of silver nanoprisms.


The first part of this paper overviews the present international regulatory regime and the future expected developments of ship surveys, from the viewpoint of methods and criteria, identifying different degradation phenomena mainly related to aging of structures and hull equipment. The current onboard practice is recalled, both of mandatory surveys (including class surveys and particularly the new requirements introduced by the IACS Common Structural Rules) and of non mandatory industry-driven inspections. Then, reviews of few databases of marine casualties, available to authors, are presented aiming at assessing the role of aging effects in the marine accidents. Even if it should be admitted that available statistical samples are not always complete and accurate, the intent is to identify trends in the pattern of structural failures and to develop recommendations for improving the inspection regimes and procedures for condition assessment analyses by which to reduce the number and severity of such occurrences.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


We consider the nearest-neighbor simple random walk on $\Z^d$, $d\ge2$, driven by a field of bounded random conductances $\omega_{xy}\in[0,1]$. The conductance law is i.i.d. subject to the condition that the probability of $\omega_{xy}>0$ exceeds the threshold for bond percolation on $\Z^d$. For environments in which the origin is connected to infinity by bonds with positive conductances, we study the decay of the $2n$-step return probability $P_\omega^{2n}(0,0)$. We prove that $P_\omega^{2n}(0,0)$ is bounded by a random constant times $n^{-d/2}$ in $d=2,3$, while it is $o(n^{-2})$ in $d\ge5$ and $O(n^{-2}\log n)$ in $d=4$. By producing examples with anomalous heat-kernel decay approaching $1/n^2$ we prove that the $o(n^{-2})$ bound in $d\ge5$ is the best possible. We also construct natural $n$-dependent environments that exhibit the extra $\log n$ factor in $d=4$. See also math.PR/0701248.


The dominant democratization theories look at structural preconditions in order to explain successful transitions. This has resulted in deterministic conclusions about different preconditions for democracy. Benin is a small country in Africa with a history of military coups, ethnical competition and low level of development. Despite these conditions Benin is a one out of ten democracies in Africa. According to the dominant democratization theories Benin is a deviant case. This essay answers why Benin has successfully become a democracy by comparing it to its neighboring state, Togo. The essay use transition theory in order to explain the different outcomes. The result show that the comparative strength of Togolese regime, the military support for Beninese regime change and the more organized Beninese opposition where key explanations for the different outcomes.


ROTOR GENERATOR WITH SUPERCONDUCTING MAINSHAFT 52 CAVITY TO SUPPORT ROTOR INTERIOR 44; RING COLLECTOR 60 FIXED ON THE MAIN SHAFT 52; CONNECTOR 62 CONNECTS THE SLIP RING 66; DRIVER ELECTRIC 64 LODGE IN CAVITE AND THAT IS CONNECTED TO THE CONNECTOR 62 AND COIL SUPERCONDUCTING 40; MEANS 68, 72 TO PROVIDE THE HELIUM LIQUID INTERNAL ROTOR 44 TO IMMERSE COIL SUPERCONDUCTING 40 CHARACTERIZED BY IN CAVITE AND NEIGHBORHOOD CONNECTOR IS EXPECTED MEANS TO CONTAIN HELIUM GAS USED TO COOL POWER DRIVER ROUTE 64 IN AROUND 72 INSULATION MATERIAL TO PREVENT THE pRIMING ELECTRIC SHOCK CONNECTOR BETWEEN 62 AND 52 THROUGH MAINSHAFT HELIUM GAS.


District heat and CHP A direct link of electricity and heat is given through the process of combined heat and power (CHP). Up to now the concept of residual heating costs was used (figure 2). This means that in a closed concessioned area firm pricing or tariffs were confirmed between the customer and the monopolistic supplier. In this case, the use of energy, personnel-, plant- and capital expenditures for the combined heat and power generation were the total costs. The difference between those total costs and the profit from electricity were defined to be residual heating costs. Through the liberalization of the energy market, the prices for energy will decrease. If - as can be expected - a spot market for energy will become reality in Germany, it will be necessary to know one's own cost structures precisely. This is important in order to be able to decide within one minute whether it is more profitable to buy cheap energy or to produce energy oneself. In the area of cogeneration a chance has risen now to do the usual calculation backwards. If one deducts the profits of the heat market from the total costs, the residual electricity costs are the result (figure 2). Through these residual electricity costs one can find at once and at any time, if and when the CHP plant is able to meet the competition or if it should be shut down because buying electricity would be cheaper. This approach offers advantages and disadvantages to the district heat industry. Supply companies who operate with inefficient plants, which often are dimensioned too large from the heat-technical point of view and thus result in too high investment- and operation costs have definite disadvantages. However, good advantages in the competition are the results if company has a sensibly dimensioned plant, has a reasonable personnel structure and keeps a close overview of the current expenses. In this case it is quite possible that the company is successful in the competition not in spite of the district heat, but because of the district heat.


The research aimed to analyze the interaction, variation of stocking densities and effect of different types of feed on growth and survival of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) seeds in the plastic ponds and their interaction. The research was carried out in West Kotawaringin, Pangkalan Bun of Central Kalimantan from May to July 2017. A completely randomized design with two-factor experiment (stocking density and types of feed) were applied in the study, namely 100 seeds/m3 (treatment A1), 150 seeds/m3 (treatment A2), 100 % commercial pellet (treatment B1), 100 % chicken intestine (treatment B2), and 50 % commercial pellet and 50 % chicken intestine (treatment B3). Catfish with initial body weight 1 g were reared in the plastic pond (1x1x1x1 m3) for 60 days. The results showed that individual weight gain was range 35,22 to 60,12 g, the best treatment A2B3. Survival rate ranged from 40,00 – 76,66%, the best treatment A1B2.


The partner energy agencies in Naples, Seville and Munich are linked by the ALTENER II programme in the MASTHERS project to promote the introduction of renewable energies at local level. The city of Munich and the local municipal utility have made big efforts to promote both thermal and photovoltaic solar energy. On the other hand the climatic conditions of the regions of Naples and Seville allow a better use of solar equipment than German regions. Therefore an advanced cooperation is considered very useful in order to widen the experencies and to achieve economic solutions and high benefit-cost-ratios. Thermal solar energy has been chosen because the framework conditions with respect to the reimbursement of solar electricity is very different in the participating contries. The principal aims of this project are a) increasing the amount of m 2 of solar collectors for sanitary hot water with the help of more citizen information and carrying out training programmes and b) creation of a Data-Base as starting point for the study of the evolution of solar energy in the different European countries. The present paper shows the main activities carry out by Naples energy agency (ANEA).


Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is a task that requires high computation capability and enough memory, which is difficult to work in the embedded devices. We have successfully developed an embedded speaker-independent speech recognition system. Specifically, we have also successfully designed a hardware module that can be embedded into the toy robot. We evaluated the speech-controlled robot and the recognition performance was quite good.


"A Rose for Emily" is one of William Faulkner's best short stories,presenting readers with a unique style of story by binding peculiar narratives with consciousness stream.Faulkner shows his superb narrative skills with focal conversion of narrative perspective for the first person and narrative structures in confusing time order;in addition,the article explores the author's internal contradiction and fictional characters' inner world through the voice of implied author.


Essential oils obtained from many plants showed various kinds of insecticidal properties; some of them have been considered as alternative insecticides for pest control. The present study was aimed at determining the chemical composition of the essential oil from the roots of Bupleurum bicaule Helm, as well as evaluating the contact and repellent activities of the oil and four identified compounds against Lasioderma serricorne and Liposcelis bostrychophila adults. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, and its components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 26 components were determined and the main compounds included trans-2-isopropylbicyclonon-3-en-8-one (25.9%), 4,5-dimethyl-1,2,3,6,7,8,8a,8b-octahydrobiphenylene (23.5%), and 1,4-dimethoxy-2-tert-butylbenzene (4.3%). It was found that the essential oil exhibited contact toxicity against L. serricorne (LD50 = 11.91 μg/adult), but the contact toxicity against L. bostrychophila could not be observed. The essential oil also showed strong repellent activity against L. serricorne with percent repellency of 100% at 78.63 nl/cm2. Four chemical compounds, 1,4-dimethoxy-2-tert-butylbenzene, bornyl acetate, (2E,4E)-2,4-nonadienal, and β-bisabolene, exhibited various levels of bioactivities. The experimental results indicated that the essential oil of B. bicaule and its individual compounds could be used in insecticidal and repellent strategies for stored product insects.


The ratio of liver methylcobalamin to total liver vitamin B12 was estimated in a group of one-week-old chicks fed a folate-free diet, and a group of three-week-old chicks fed a diet of insufficient folate content to allow normal growth but sufficient to delay mortality. The ratio in these groups was compared with those in control chicks fed a diet of adequate folate content.

The ratio of liver methylcobalamin/total liver B12 was significantly lower in the one-week-old chicks fed a folate-free diet, than in their controls, but the ratios in the three-week-old chicks fed a diet of limited folate content and their controls were similar.

The significance of these findings is assessed and possible explanations for the inconsistency between the findings in the two folate deficient groups are discussed.


Objective To estimate the HLA-A, B, DRB1 haplotype frequencies and use the data in searching for HLA matched unrelated donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Methods Expectation-maximization(EM) algorithm was adopted to estimate HLA three-locus haplotype frequencies on the basis of HLA phenotype data.Results HLA-A, B, DRB1 haplotype frequencies were estimated from a pool of 12193 random health individuals typed using DNA-based HLA typing technique in a Han population. The formulas for calculating phenotype frequencies and the probabilities of finding HLA matched donors were provided. Data of searching for HLA matching donors indicated that the expected probabilities fit the observed data.Conclusion Reliable HLA-A, B and DR haplotype frequencies were estimated in a Han population using EM algorithm. The EM algorithm is found to perform best for large samples.Three-locus haplotype frequency data could be used to evaluate optimal pool size and composition in bone marrow donor registry database.


We report on the crystal growth, spectroscopy and laser operation of Yb:LuVO4 achieving an output power of 0.36 W at 1041 nm with Ti:sapphire and 2.85 W (slope efficiency of 51.3%) with diode laser pumping.


We consider a Euler–Bernoulli beam, clamped at one extremity and free at the other, to which are attached a piezoelectric actuator and a collocated sensor touching the clamped extremity. We provide an output feedback law and characterize the sensor/actuator lengths for which the strong stabilization holds. Finally, we prove that the energy decreases to zero in a polynomial way for almost all lengths, and in an exponential way for lengths admitting a certain coprime factorization.


The following technical report provides a detailed status report of the DOE grant project entitled `Environmental Guidance Documents for Exploration, Development, Production, and Transportation of Crude Oil and Natural Gas in Texas.` The grant funding allocated is for the purpose of provided the Railroad Commission of Texas (Commission) with resources and capabilities to draft, publish and distribute documents that provide guidance to oil and gas operators on issues concerning oil and gas naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) waste, oil and gas hazardous waste, remediation of crude oil spills, management of non-hazardous oil and gas wastes, and mechanical integrity testing of Class II injection and disposal wells.


To meet the demands of every customer by supplying the products at the limited time by maximizing the profit is a dream for many companies. By choosing the best candidate among the other candidates and effectively reaching the optimal solution with a new modified approach using Best Candidate Method in Fuzzy assignment problems. In this paper the author solve Fuzzy assignment problem in which Triangular and Trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are used. Robust Ranking Technique is used for the ranking of fuzzy numbers.


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power supply systems (PSS) of spacecrafts (SC). The invention suggests method of spacecraft power supply from solar battery connected by its positive and negative buses to voltage stabiliser, from accumulator battery connected by its positive and negative buses to input of charger and output of discharger. Voltage stabiliser of the solar battery and discharger of the accumulator battery are made as bridge inverters with common transformer with n output windings, where n≥2, and input of the charger is connected to one of output windings of the transformer, while to other (n-1) output windings of the transformer transition communication devices are connected with loads and rated values of output voltage. The solar battery is selected with output voltage in the operating point at the end of life time on the following condition: U sb ≥U el ·m·100/Δ ess , where U el is voltage of one photoconverter in the operating point at the end of life time of the solar battery, V; m is a number (permitted) of failed photoconverters in one series circuit; Δ ess is value of inessential voltage reduction due to failure of certain photoconverters in any series circuit of photoconverters in regard to good-running circuits, %, and lithium-ion battery is selected as the accumulator battery. Besides the accumulator battery is selected with a number of accumulators in the circuit on the basis of the following ratio: W>P eclipse /(C acc ·U acc.av )+w, where P eclipse is maximum power consumption by the load during orbital eclipse period, W·h; C acc is capacitance of the selected accumulator, A·h; U acc.av is average discharging voltage of the accumulator, V; w is number (permitted) of failed accumulators in series circuit of accumulators for the accumulator battery. Invention substance is explained by drawings, where in the figure 1, functional power supply diagram for SC with one accumulator battery is provided for implementation of the claimed method. EFFECT: improvement of specific energy performance and reliability of autonomous power supply system for spacecrafts. 2 cl, 1 dwg


We analyze the nonlinear dynamics of a high-finesse optical cavity in which one mirror is mounted on a flexible mechanical element. We find that this system is governed by an array of dynamical attractors, which arise from phase-locking between the mechanical oscillations of the mirror and the ringing of the light intensity in the cavity. We describe an analytical approximation to map out the diagram of attractors in parameter space, derive the slow amplitude dynamics of the system, includ-ing thermally activated hopping between different attractors, and suggest a scheme for exploiting the dynamical multistability in the measurement of small displacements.


The comprehensive FEM analysis for the Shimen arch dam and its abutment is carried out as an example to demonstrate the proposed method utilizing the monitoring data for calculation.Based on teh back analysis of permeability coefficient and tensile strength of the seam between dam and foundation,the 3\|D seepage flow and elastoplastic FEM analysis of arch dam and its abutment are conducted.The safety factor against sliding of arch dam is determined using some different methods to verify the stability of the dam.


The principle of "one property,one right",which comes from Jus Romanum,is one of the fundamental doctrines in property law in Continental Law countries.But,impacted by the development of the social economy in modern age,it is confronted with great challenges,as well as its fundamental doctrine status.Proceeding from defining the principle of one property one right,with specific cases,this paper demonstrates the necessity of the principle's existence in contemporary society,explains some particular phenomena in modern times,and puts forward several countermeasures to improve the principle,aiming at providing rational support for the principle's healthy development.


Objective: To investigate the role of adenomatous polyposis coli(APC) protein in the carcinogenesis and progression of gastric cancer by observing its expression in normal gastric mucosa,gastric adenoma and gastric adenocarcinoma tissues.Methods: Seventy-eight gastric epithelial biopsy specimens were obtained,24 from normal gastric mucosa,24 from gastric adenomatous polyp(14 high-grade and 10 low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia) and 30 from gastric adenocarcinoma.The expression of APC was detected by immunohistochemical avidin-biotin complex(ABC) method.Results: The positive expression of APC was decreased successively from the normal control to the gastric adenomatous polyp and the gastric adenocarcinoma group,with statistically significant differences(P0.05).The high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia showed a lower positive expression of APC than the low-grade,but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.697).Conclusion: The expression of the APC gene has become abnormal in gastric adenoma,and its inactivation might play an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of gastric cancer.


To cope with the poor performance of single classification algorithms on minority flows when the train dataset is deficient,the AdaBoost(Adaptive Boosting) algorithm is introduced to classify network traffic.On the basis of selecting few but effective classificat ion features with CFS(Correlat ion-based Feature Selection) method from a variety of flowcs features,the AdaBoost algorithm is used to combine five single classification algorithms which belong to Decision Tree,Rules and Bayes respect ively for the sake of traff ic classification.The exper-i ment over real network traffic shows that the AdaBoost algorithm has the highest precision up to 98192% among the selected classification algorithms.Moreover,the AdaBoost algorithm achieves great improvement on the pe-r formance of minority flowscclassification compared with single classification algorithms.


This is a descriptive study conducting a secondary analysis of the raw data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to compare the factors influencing quality of life in elderly men and women. For the study subjects, elderly men and women aged 65 or older were selected, a total of 8127 data items. Selecting only those subjects who properly responded to the data items necessary for the study gave a final total of 1384 used for the analysis. General Characteristics, Average daily sleep time, the level of usual stress, Depression level for two consecutive weeks, Diet economy state, Diagnosis disease sum, Health care, and Quality of life (EQ-5D) of the subjects were used for the analysis. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients using the SPSS 20.0 program. The results showed that the average quality of life (EQ-5D) for men and women was 0.91±0.13 and 0.85±0.17, respectively. The quality of life showed a significant correlation with Age (r=-.249, p<.001), Body image (r=-.138, p<.001), and Depression level for two consecutive weeks (r=-.438, p<.001) in men, and with Age (r=-.181, p<.001), level of education (r=-.317, p<.001), Depression level for two consecutive weeks (r=.438, p<.001), Diet economy state (r=-.175, p<.001), and Health care (r=-.135, p<.001) in women. These study results suggest that application of the intervention program for elderly people's quality of life should differ in its contents according to the participants' gender.


This thesis is submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Saga, Japan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Civil Engineering, March 1996.


Gelatin melting from bone collagen previously hydrolyzed with the Str. griseus protease was studied as dependent on the medium temperature. The properties of this gelatin were compared with those of others melted from collagen previously extracted with alkali. Gelatin obtained by using the Str. griseus protease has the average molecular weight of 63 400 characteristic viscosity of 0.22, it contains 10.6% of oxyproline and 0.06% of free carbohydrates. By a degree of heterogeneity the preparation obtained does not differ from those used for the comparison.


The landfill is located close to the Gorai Creek and is surrounded by residential developments. The wastes dumped there were left open in trenches to decay, causing a great number of environmental and public health threats. In particular, the landfill served as fertile breeding ground for disease-carrying flies and rodents and increased the quantity of untreated leachate, which led to groundwater contamination. In addition, the anaerobic decay of solid waste led to atmospheric release of landfill gas, particularly methane, a potent greenhouse gas with 21 times the global warming potential of carbon dioxide.


Aim: To evaluate the potential benefit of Paracervical block for pain relief with 1%lignocaine during labour. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital from 2016 to 2018 on 100 antenatal mother in active labour, after getting ethical clearance and written consent. Women fulfilling the inclusion criteria have been recruited in the study and control group. Women have been rando mised into study group (n=50) who will be receiving paracervical block and control group (n=50) who will not receive any medications for pain relief. Both groups are been observed and compared for pain relief during first and second stage of labour and the pain intensity was recorded by visual analogue scale starting at 3cm dilation in both control and study group, in study group after paracerviacl block vas is recorded 15mins, 45mins, 90mins and 120mins respectively, mode of delivery was noted, APGAR score in all babies at 1 and 5 minute was noted. Result: Around 90%of the subject reported that there was significant pain reduction in the study group who received paracervical block (p<0.oo1) when compared to the control group who didn't receive any medication, APGAR score was found satisfactory in both groups. Conclusion: Paracervical block with lignocaine is an effective method to cease pain during labour.


Spherical particles of α–Fe_2O_3 80 to 100 nm in size were prepared with the polyol method. Scanning electron microscopy, x-ray powder diffraction, and measurements of the diffuse reflection were used to characterize the powder material. The characteristic red color of hematite was adjusted after brief heating (250 °C, 15 min) which did not lead to further particle growth. The polyol method turned out to be suited for the preparation of quite concentrated (up to 20 wt%) and very stable suspensions of submicron Fe_2O_3 particles. Based on such suspensions, the red emitting phosphor Y_2O2S:Eu was coated as a model substrate. As a result, very homogeneous coatings of α-Fe_2O_3 on the phosphor material were realized. Individual iron oxide particles on the phosphor surface confirm the presence of nonagglomerated Fe_2O3 particles in the polyol medium.


I SOME TEACHINGS 2 II OBSIDIAN QUANDARIES 4 III POSTCOLONIAL LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS AS LEDGER DRAWING ....7 IV ELIMINATING OUR COGNITIVE IMPRISONMENT 14 V UNFOLDING CONTRIVED SUPERIORITY 20 VI OUR QUESTIONED HUMANITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS 21 VII BLACK STEM PIPE SENSIBILITIES IN THE LAW LODGE 23 A The Law Lodge 26 B Decolonizing the Judicial Precedents 37 C Renewing Autochthonic Ecological Orders 44 D Recognizing Diversity 48 VIII DREAMING AND ARTICULATING IMPOSSIBLE VISIONS 52


Abstract : Initial structural characterization of germanium-silicon epitaxial layers for heterojunction internal photoemission and multiple quantum well infrared detectors has been performed. Cross sectional TEM of multiple quantum wells has been used to confirm period and well thickness measurements performed by other techniques. No defects were observed by TEM in these layers. A variety of other layers including multiple quantum wells on relaxed buffers and heterojunction internal photoemission detector structures have been characterized by defect etching and X-ray diffraction.... Epitaxial, Germanium, Silicon, Infrared.


Recent advances in the sequencing technology have led to an increasing pressure on the computer programs used for analysing the sequence data. The programs should be able to provide accurate analysis in a reasonable time span. 16S and 18S rRNA analysis is performed by using PCR to amplify the genes from microorganisms present in a sample followed by sequencing of the amplicons. The result is files containing millions of short sequences. In order to make sense of the data, the sequences are processed and analysed using a variety of computer programs. Those programs are often only able to perform parts of the analysis steps or require extensive knowledge and time to operate properly. There is a need for automating the usage of those tools, and to make the tools simple and intuitive to use. The aim of this project has been to finalise a previously developed software pipeline called "Amplicon Pipeline" that was able to process and analyse 16S amplicon data and provide the results in a web interface. It was limited to processing 16S data and single samples. This project has involved both implementing support for analysing the 18S gene which allows for classification of eukaryotes and for simultaneous processing of multiple samples. It has also involved preparing the web page and program for a potentially high user load. Furthermore, a stand-alone version of the pipeline has been developed which allows for local processing and which can be implemented into automated work flows. Finally, Amplicon Pipeline has been further compared with QIIME. It has previously been shown to produce similar results for single 16S datasets. Now, its multiple sample functionality and its 18S classification have been further evaluated with promising results. The standalone version has also been implemented in an automated work flow where it successfully processed and annotated the majority of 500 16S datasets downloaded from the Sequence Read Archive. Amplicon Pipeline can currently be accessed on the following address: http://220.127.116.11/Pipeline/ (Less)


This work analyzes actual state of mobile internet connection in Czech Republic and options to use mobile internet connection by commercial subjects and non-profit organizations. Main goal of this work is to describe todays commonly used mobile broadband technologies and analyze possibilities of use in business and non-profit organizations. In first part of work are described key features of these technologies. Second part of this work describes efficiency and usability of mobile internet connection by common user, business and non-profit organizations and by specific selected organization. Third part is devoted to speed and quality measurements of provided services and their comparison with official values. Fourth practical part contains documentation of developed application. Purpose of this application is to evaluate entered information and provide optimal data tariff for potential customer.


We develop an output-feedback control design that achieves practical prescribed-time stabilization, i.e., convergence to within a pre-specified neighborhood around the origin within a pre-specified ("prescribed") time interval. The control design is applicable to a class of uncertain nonlinear systems in a strict-feedback-like form with parametric and functional uncertainties throughout the system as well as exogenous disturbance inputs. The designed output-feedback control design achieves prescribed-time convergence of both the observer errors and the system state variables as well as the control input. Additionally, by considering the limiting case as the size of the desired convergence neighborhood around the origin is reduced to zero, it is shown that the prior results on prescribed-time stabilization (to zero in prescribed time) can be obtained without having to explicitly introduce the temporal scale transformation used in the prior works. It is also shown that the control design approach can be applied to tracking problems to achieve practical convergence of tracking errors.


Binary cyclic self-dual codes of odd length do not exist. It is not the case, however, of Z/sub 4/-cyclic self-dual codes. Some of the first examples, aside from the trivial self-dual code, are supplemented quadratic residue codes. The aim of this paper is to characterize arithmetically the (odd) lengths where such non-trivial cyclic self-dual Z/sub 4/-codes can exist and to give some examples for short lengths. As the length is odd, it is hopeless to try to obtain directly Type II codes; i.e. codes whose Euclidean weights are multiples of 8 since these exist only for lengths a multiples of 8. It is possible, nonetheless, to obtain Type I Z/sub 4/-codes, and, accordingly, by construction A, Type I lattices. We obtain, in that way, the only two extremal odd lattices in dimensions 15-47: the shorter Leech lattice O/sub 23/ in dimension 23 and A/sub 15//sup +/, in dimension 15. Invariant theory enables us to compute the symmetric weight enumerators of the codes and therefore the theta series of the associated lattices, including the norm and kissing number thereof. In passing, we mention an amusing non-existence arithmetic criterion for cyclic projective planes.


Submitted for the DAMOP10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Multiply charged thorium ions for nuclear laser spectroscopy MICHAEL V. DEPALATIS, COREY J. CAMPBELL, LAYNE R. CHURCHILL, DAVE E. NAYLOR, ALEXANDER RADNAEV, MICHAEL S. CHAPMAN, ALEX KUZMICH, Georgia Institute of Technology — Coherent excitation of the electronic states of atoms and molecules with lasers is at the heart of modern spectroscopy and metrology. To extend these techniques to nuclear states would be a tremendous advance. However, the typical excitation energies for nuclear matter are in the keV to MeV energy range, out of reach of modern coherent radiation sources. In the unique case of the 229Th nucleus, the energy splitting of the ground state doublet is only several eV,1 which may be within the reach of coherent table-top UV lasers. Previously we demonstrated the direct laser cooling of 232Th3+ in an rf Paul trap,2 an important first step towards nuclear laser spectroscopy. Here we report progress towards loading and trapping 229Th3+ from a Thorium nitrate source. 1L. A. Kroger & C. W. Reich, Nucl. Phys. A 259, 29 (1976). 2C. J. Campbell et al., Phys. Rev. Lett 102, 233004 (2009). Michael DePalatis Georgia Institute of Technology Date submitted: 25 Jan 2010 Electronic form version 1.4


In an examination of the dentitions of 22 adults who live in a remote region of Papua, 16 study participants were found to have extensive periodontal disease and radicular caries. Copious amounts of adherent plaque, presumed to be of bacterial origin, were found on most teeth. The findings suggest that some plaque deposits are not associated with coronal lesions, but are conducive to periodontal and radicular lesions.


Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) is a well-known disease,
 usually affecting convex joint surfaces of fast-growing large breed dogs aged
 four to seven months. In approximately 9 % of the canine OCD-cases the hock
 joint, especially the Trochlea tali
 proximalis, is damaged (MONTGOMERY et al. 1994).
 The disorder is regarded as a result of a disturbance to enchondral
 ossification. For basic
 anatomical examination the thickness of the articular
 cartilage at the Trochlea tali
 proximalis and in the Cochlea tibiae of 34 beagle
 puppies (approx. age: three months) and ten adult large breed dogs was
 measured. In a preliminary study the needle probe was found to be unsuitable
 for determining the cartilage thickness at the Talus and in the Cochlea
 tibiae: the borderline between cartilage and bone was only detectable in a
 quarter of the young beagle joints. In adult dogs the differences between
 these measurements and the photooptic reference
 data were too great.
 Thus, the
 cartilage thickness was measured in beagles and in the large breed dogs with
 the photooptic method. In every hock joint the
 cartilage thickness was determined at eleven points at the Trochlea tali proximalis and two points in the Cochlea tibiae. In both
 test groups the articular cartilage of the Trochea tali proximalis showed proximally the largest value and
 decreased dorsally. The dorsal and distal cartilage had virtually the same
 thickness. As a rule, the cartilage at the trochlear
 ridges was thicker than at the corresponding point in the groove between the
 ridges. The thickness of the cartilage of the lateral trochlear
 ridge exceeded at its proximal point in beagles and at its proximal and
 dorsal areas in large breed dogs which is as a rule thicker than at the
 medial trochlear ridge. Distally the cartilage
 thickness of both ridges was similar. In most cases there was only a small
 difference between the two measuring points of the cartilage of the Cochlea
 tibiae. The male beagles as well as the male large breed dogs mostly showed
 statistically significantly thicker cartilage than the female dogs.
 For
 the clinical study 28 dogs (35 joints), of which an OCD of the tarsal joint
 was diagnosed at the Veterinary Faculty of the University of Ghent
 from 1997 – 2006, were examined. One quarter of the patients was
 female. Before treatment the degree of lameness was determined, and using
 radiographs and computer tomograms the degree of osteoarthrotic
 changes and the size of the lesion were analysed. The treatment was achieved arthroscopically, via miniarthrotomy
 or conservatively. In follow up examinations with a maximum time period of
 105 months the treatment results, osteoarthrotic
 changes and changes in the lesion size were evaluated. The 35
 lesions changed to a different extent. Two defects increased in size, whereas
 all other lesions had reduced in volume at their last examination. On average
 the defects reduced statistically significantly over time after the
 treatment. The osteoarthrotic changes intensified statistically
 significantly with time. Affected joints with dorsal lesions showed a
 tendency towards a lower degree of osteoarthrosis
 than joints with proximal or distal damage. The type of treatment had no
 statistical relevance for the changes in lameness of the examined dogs. In 15
 cases a decrease in the functional restriction was registered. In 15 joints
 the degree of lameness did not change after treatment and in 5 cases the
 lameness actually increased. Therefore, prognosis for dogs with an OCD-lesion
 of the hock joint should be carefully reviewed. Further
 investigations are necessary in order to learn more about the cartilage
 thickness of convex articular surfaces, the
 morphological changes during the development of an OCD and the healing
 process of the articular cartilage so as to give a
 clear prognosis for the OCD.


The study interrogates the issues surrounding Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the ongoing war between the two Eastern European countries. It examines the remote and immediate causes of the invasion as well as the position of leading and other members of the UN Security Council and other world leaders on the aggression. The study also analysed Russia's justification of the invasion based on the fact that Russia's security is being threatened by the continued expansion of NATO to Eastern Europe, against which Moscow claims it is a red line that cannot be tolerated. A brief background of the crisis that led to the invasion/war was examined, as well as the internal and external factors that triggered the invasion. Finally, the paper examined the implications of Russia's invasion of Africa. The study relied on documentary evidence sourced mainly from the internet and applied the realist theory in analysing the issues. The study found that though NATO's expansion eastwards and Ukraine's intention to join the security alliance were the immediate triggers for the invasion, several other remote factors contributed to the invasion. The study also found that though Africa is miles away from the theatre of conflict, it is being affected in several ways by the conflict. Amongst others, the paper recommends that Africa should maintain its non-aligned posture in the conflict, and should seek closer ties within the continent and with non-European partners to cushion the effects of the war.


This paper describes a program of research designed to move a newly revitalized and promising approach to Computer Vision from the laboratory into the real world. In the first section, this "Expert Photo Interpreter" (EPI) approach is described and contrasted with two other approaches, which are termed "neural" and "physical." Next, the foundation and justification for this approach are presented, along with reasons to hope EPI may advance the state of the art in practical vision systems. Finally, a program of research to move the EPI approach from the laboratory into real systems is described.


With strictly controlling measures for point source pollution, non-point source pollution from the catchment is becoming an increasingly serious problem, which has caused deterioration of water quality of lake, reservoir and groundwater. Nitrogen pollution, mainly exported from forestland and arable land, for its high solubility, is playing an important role in non-point source pollution. Xitiaoxi catchment is located in the upstream of Taihu basin, where river water quality has become deteriorated heavily in recent years. To further analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of non-point source N in Xitiaoxi catchment, water sampling points were set up at the outlet of sub-watersheds with different land use types, and monthly water samples were taken for December 2009, April 2010 and July 2010. The results indicated that the peak concentrations of total nitrogen(TN), dissolved nitrogen(DTN), nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N) appeared in December, followed in July, and the lowest concentration in April, while the concentration of ammonia nitrogen(NH+4-N) was highest in July, followed in December, and lowest in April. Furthermore, daily observations indicated that non-point source N from sub-watershed of forestland was far lower than that of arable land. During the wet seasons, nitrogen concentrations increased at the outlet of forestland sub-watershed while that of arable land decreased and the phenomena reversed during dry seasons. The main finding of this work was that non-point source N pollution in Xitiaoxi catchment was mainly caused by agricultural activities of arable land. Rainfall and runoff were the main driving factors to cause non-point source N exported from the catchment. Moreover, different land use types and physicochemical properties of nitrogenous substance might lead to the seasonal and spatial characteristics of non-point source N in Xitiaoxi catchment.


Wit, compassion and insight combine in this entertaining novel that explores the politics and human comedy behind writers' festivals and the publishing industry. Writers' festivals can be hotbeds of literary and romantic intrigue, and the Oceania is up there with the best of them. Rookie director Rae McKay, recently returned from New York, fears she has bitten off more than she can chew. Pressure comes not only from local and international writers but also from the prestigious Opus Book Award, which this year is being hosted by the festival. Add to that high-level diplomatic fallout surrounding a dissident Chinese writer, Rae's slowly disintegrating private life and ongoing dramas involving much loved characters of The Writing Class, and the result is a wise and witty novel that explores the contemporary phenomenon of the public face of the writer. This lively, stand-alone novel is as intelligent, tender and funny' as readers found The Writing Class. '...a book that's sophisticated, witty and - best of all - generous in its attitudes to its characters. It's a love letter to reading and writing and things readers and writers share, especially t


In this paper,it studies the bending performance of self-compacting high performance concrete beam under the concentrative loads and the seismic performance of SCC column under the low reversed cyclic loads,emphasizes on analyzing the failure pattern,characteristic loads,ductile performance,stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity.The study shows that the bending performance and seismic performance of the selfcompacting high performance concrete members are similar to those normal concrete members.The test results provide useful references for the popular application.


Anionic ring-opening polymerization of silacyclopent-3-enes has characteristics which are different from those of anionic living polymerizations of 1,3-dienes. High molcular weights are obtained in most cases but generally with most probable molecular weight distributions Mw/Mn ≅ 2. The polymerization is stereospecific. Poly(1-sila-cis-pent-3-enes) are obtained. Ring opening polymerization of 1,1,3-trimethyl-1-sila cyclopent-3-ene is found to be regioselective at −78°C to yield a polymer in which cis-1,4-isoprene units are joined to dimethylsilylene units almost exclusively in a head to tail orientation. Finally, anionic polymerization of 1-methyl-1-silacyclopent-3-ene is found to yield poly(1-methyl-1-sila-cis-pent-3-ene) of low molecular weight. This permits end group analysis by 1H, 13C and 29Si NMR spectroscopy, signals are observed which are consistent with the presence of 1-methyl-1-silacyclopent-3-ene rings. These are probably end groups. A mechanism consistent with the above is discussed.


Abstract This research was conducted with the aim of describing the childcare methods carried out by three early marriage families in Ponjong District, Gunungkidul Regency. The background of this research is the existence of government policy in Law Number 1 of 1974 article 7 paragraph (1) concerning Marriage which explains the minimum age limit for marriage so that the benefit of the household is achieved, but the phenomenon of early marriage is still happening in the District of Ponjong Regency Gunungkidul, even able to maintain the household and be able to carry out childcare duties at a young age if reviewed psychologically immature mentally, emotionally, psychologically and physically. This type of research is a qualitative research with a type of case study research (field research). Determination of informants by purposive sampling. The subjects of this study were three families of early marriage, children of early marriage partners (if they were able to provide information) and the Young Clerk of the Wonosari Religious Court Law. Then, the object of research is the method of parenting early marriage partners. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. While the data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation and conclusion making. The results showed that the methods carried out by early marriage couples included exemplary education methods, methods through habituation, education methods through advice and dialogue, as well as education methods through the awarding and punishment. The three early marriage families apply a number of collaborative methods for parenting . Keywords: childcare methods, early marriage .


By dealing with a new integral representation for the irregular s‐wave Coulomb function, exact analytical expressions for the corresponding Jost states in momentum space are constructed, and their usefulness in studying the Coulomb half‐shell scattering is demonstrated. A supersymmetry‐inspired ladder‐operator relation is employed to derive higher partial‐wave generalization of the results presented. Some applications of the integral representation for the associated regular solution are also sought.


Among those dedicated to the portrayal of modern architecture in Mexico, the work of the photographer Armando Salas Portugal is of great importance. Known internationally for his visual codification of the work of the architect Luis Barragan, Salas Portugal collaborated with a considerable number of architects, including Mario Pani. An example of the dialogue between Salas Portugal and Pani was the series of the Nonoalco-Tlatelolco Urban Complex done in 1966, after the completion of the development. Consisting of images that show links with the photographic vanguard, the series was introduced in the communications media, specifically in the Arquitectura-Mexico journal, of which Pani was editor. Once inserted in the field of publications, Salas Portugal's photographs acquired a publicizing role, aimed both at promoting the architect and illustrating the possibility of new and better models for urban living through the large-scale dwelling complex.


Clouds model is one indefinate model for transformation between qualitative and quantitative knowledge,whose representation reflects fuzziness and randomness contained in linguistic concepts.Qualitative rules based on linguistic concepts can be efficiently represented by using of clouds model.However,there is a variety of clouds representation of qualitative rules in these literature on hand.According to interal relation between a variety of cloud,a unified representation for qualitative rules based on one dimension clouds is presented in the paper.


The quest for miniaturization of interventional devices and the integration between external surgical platforms and internal therapeutic tools are continuously fostering research in the biomedical field. Operating in the cardiovascular system poses dramatic challenges, but it also represent the elective application for highly targeted therapeutic devices. In this paper we present a robotic platform for treating vascular obstructions. It integrates a system for locomotion and navigation based on magnetic dragging and ultrasound tracking, a therapeutic module which involves mechanical attack to the obstruction by means of high intensity focused ultrasound, and a collection/retrieval module exploiting magnetic nano-particles to bind the obstruction debris and to drag them to a safe region for removal. Here we illustrate the system overview and the technical and theoretical instruments for developing the overall platform; preliminary results, together with future planned works, are reported in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.


Based on a wide systematics of fission-fragment distributions measured in low-energy fission, the even-odd staggering in the fission-fragment element yields is investigated. The well-established evolution of the global even-odd effect with the fissioning system is found to be only a partial aspect of the even-odd structure. Indeed, it is shown that the global even-odd effect is varying systematically with the mean asymmetry of the fission-fragment distribution, and that the general increase of the even-odd staggering with asymmetry is depending on the fissioning system. Thus, the dependency of the even-odd effect with the fissioning system is accredited in part to the asymmetry evolution of the charge distribution, and not solely related to the dissipated energy as it has been done earlier. This interpretation is strongly supported by data measured in inverse kinematics, which cover the complete charge distribution and include precise yields at symmetry. The relevance of the order parameter to describe the even-odd effect in fission-fragment yields as a general property is explored.


The AFM study of a series of novel nano-structure on in-situ laser irradiating GaAs(001) substrate in molecular beam epitaxy was presented. Nano-hole, nano-island and nano-ring(Chinese ancient copper coin shape) were observed after laser irradiating. The desorption of Gallium on GaAs surface varies according to different power energy and pulse numbers, leading to the formation of nano-holes, nano-islands and nano-rings. It is speculated that these nanostructures are galliumrich through the change of the RHEED stripe. What's more, the desorption of defectless GaAs sub-monolayer was discovered, and matched dynamic evolution model (self-drilling effect dominated by Ga atom) was presented. The dependence of the temperature on the surface of the substrate with time was studied after laser irradiating according to the heat conduction equation. The drastic temperature changes caused non-thermodynamic equilibrium process which makes these morphologies.


Schools are to receive financial rewards for encouraging pupils to study modern languages at GCSE and A level.The extra ivestment was announced as Ofsted,the schools inspectorate,discloses today that England's specialist schools continue to outperform the non-specialists,with language colleges achieving the highest grades.


It has recently been a common practice to maximize the deformed entropies through the escort averaging scheme. However, whatever averaging procedure is employed, one should recover the ordinary Shannon maximization results in the appropriate limit of the deformation parameter e.g. $q\to 1$ for the Tsallis and R\'enyi entropies. Otherwise, the very meaning of a consistent generalization becomes at stake. Using only this equivalence, we show that any deformed entropy expression, maximized with the escort averaged constraints, yields that the Shannon entropy $S$ is equal to the logarithm of the ordinary canonical partition function i.e. $S = \ln(Z_S )$ instead of the correct thermodynamic relation $S = \beta U + \ln(Z_S )$. Therefore, we conclude that the use of the escort averaging procedure should be avoided for any deformed entropies, since it cannot even yield the well-known thermodynamic relations of the ordinary canonical formalism.


In their seminal papers Eremin [Soviet Mathematics Doklady, 8 (1966), pp. 459–462] and Zangwill [Management Science, 13 (1967), pp. 344–358] introduce a notion of exact penalization for use in the development of algorithms for constrained optimization. Since that time, exact penalty functions have continued to play a key role in the theory of mathematical programming. In the present paper, this theory is unified by showing how the Eremin–Zangwill exact penalty functions can be used to develop the foundations of the theory of constrained optimization for finite dimensions in an elementary and straightforward way. Regularity conditions, multiplier rules, second-order optimality conditions, and convex programming are all given interpretations relative to the Eremin–Zangwill exact penalty functions. In conclusion, a historical review of those results associated with the existence of an exact penalty parameter is provided.


The technological progress in dimensional scaling has not only kept Silicon CMOS industry on Moore's law for the past five decades but has also benefited many other areas such as thermoelectricity, photo-voltaics, and energy storage. Extending CMOS beyond Si (More Moore, MM) and adding functional diversity to CMOS (More Than Moore, MTM) requires a thorough understanding of the basic electron and heat flow in semiconductors. Along with experiments computer modeling and simulation are playing an increasingly vital role in exploring the numerous possibilities in materials, devices and systems. With these aspects in mind the present work applies computational physics modeling and simulations to explore the, (i) electronic, (ii) thermal, and (iii) thermoelectric properties in nano-scale semiconductors. The electronic structure of zinc-blende and lead-chalcogenide nano-materials is calculated using an atomistic Tight-Binding model. The phonon dispersion in zinc-blende materials is obtained using the Modified Valence Force Field model. Electronic and thermal transport at the nano-scale is explored using Green's function method and Landauer's method. Thermoelectric properties of semiconductor nanostructures are calculated using Landauer's method.
Using computer modeling and simulations the variation of the three physical properties (i-iii) are explored with varying size, transport orientation, shape, porosity, strain and alloying of nanostructures. The key findings are, (a) III-Vs and Ge with optimized strain and orientation can improve transistors' and thermoelectric performance, (b) porous Si nanowires provide a lucrative idea for enhancing the thermoelectric efficiency at room temperature, and (c) Si/Ge superlattice nanowires can be used for nano-scale tuning of lattice thermal conductivity by period control.
The present work led to the development of two new interface trap density extraction methods in ultra-scaled FinFETs and correlation of the phonon shifts in Si nanowires to their shape, size and orientation benchmarked against experimental Raman spectroscopy data, thereby enabling nano-scale metrology. Contribution of two research and six educational tools on nanoHUB.org forms an integral part of the work for global dissemination of semiconductor knowledge.
Atomic level manipulation holds the key to engineer material properties at the nano-scale. The findings of this work will hopefully open and guide new ways of engineering the electronic and thermal properties for better performance.


This paper reviews the status of lead‐free solder development works. Some of the solder systems — Bi‐Sn, Bi‐Sn‐Fe, ln‐Sn, Sn, Sn‐Ag, Sn‐Ag‐Zn, Sn‐Ag‐Zn‐Cu, Sn‐Bi‐Ag, Sn‐Cu, Sn‐Cu‐Ag, Sn‐In‐Ag, Sn‐Sb, Sn‐Zn and Sn‐Zn‐ln — are discussed in more detail, while others are briefly commented on. In general, compared with eutectic Sn‐Pb solder, all the lead‐free solder alternatives investigated more or less exhibit some shortcomings, such as price, physical, metallurgical or mechanical properties. Relatively, Sn‐ln‐containing systems are more promising in terms of solder mechanical properties and soldering performance, although the price of ln may be a concern. Eutectic Sn‐Ag solder doped with Zn, Cu or Sb exhibits good mechanical strength and creep resistance, due to refined microstructure. The Bi‐Sn systems doped with other elements may have a niche in the low temperature soldering field. Eutectic Sn‐Cu has good potential due to its good fatigue resistance. The eutectic Sn‐Zn system modified with ln and/or Ag m...


To avoid disadvantage including low efficiency and bad flexibility,which is induced by the common addressing method to accomplish modulating algorithm on DSP,in this paper,it applies the DDS principle to the DSP algorithm,and changes the frequency and the phase of the sine wave by modifying the access address of the sine-table in the memory,further implement 2FSK and 2PSK associated with the sine carrier. Based on the wave in CCS graphic windows and the runtime of new algorithm testified by the profiler,it shows that the new algorithm is right and the run efficiency is higher than the common algorithm. Thereby,this implementation method not only saved hardware resource but also enhanced the efficiency of the algorithm. It's an available method to implement any modulation with any waveform carrier when a table of any waveform is stored in the memory.


Today, the growth of data in the world is very significant, including government data. To generate value from these data, the Indonesian Government establish an Open Government Data (OGD) initiative, through Satu Data Indonesia (SDI). BPS, as an SDI coach, has an open data portal which is a guideline for other agencies in Indonesia. Therefore, assessment to BPS open data portal is important, because it will be a benchmark for the success of OGD in Indonesia. The measurement was conduct using Open Data Maturity Measurement (OD-MM), by providing questionnaires for the three SMEs at BPS, filled with interview. From the domains assessed, the result shows that the maturity level rate of BPS open data portal is at level 3 on a score from 1 to 4. This means that there are procedures and standards in implementing OGD, but their implementation is still limited to formalization of activities.


This paper derives a set of necessary conditions for a general optimal control problem with bilateral state and endpoint constraints with no assumptions of normality or regularity involving the constraints. The basic result is a separation theorem in a linear topological space and leads to the Pontryagin maximum principle. Although this separation theorem involves functionals from the dual of $L^\infty $, we show that, under weaker hypotheses than generally assumed, this result leads to the classical maximum principle. The extension of these results to include unilateral constraints is indicated.


Using coupling techniques extending ideas from Harris (1955 Pacific J. Math. 5 707–24), we prove uniqueness in g-measures and give estimates of the rates of convergence for the associated Markov chains, for strictly positive continuous g-functions} under a weak regularity condition. Our regularity condition is weaker than the earlier weakest known conditions for uniqueness (Harris T E 1955 Pacific J. Math. 5 707–24; Iosifescu M and Spataru A 1973 Z. Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verw. Gebiete 27 195–214; Comets F et al 2002 Ann. Appl. Probab. 12 921–43). As a consequence of our method, we obtain sharper bounds on the rates of convergence also in cases when more restrictive regularity conditions are satisfied, and thus in particular, we extend results by Bressaud et al (1999 Electron. J. Probab. 4 19).


Western Region EFNEP coordinators were frustrated by the apparent lack of materials available for training newly hired paraprofessional nutrition educators. An on-line survey was distributed to all EFNEP and SNAP-Ed state coordinators seeking details about initial training and available materials and requesting copies of materials for review. Results indicated diversity in training methodologies reflecting individual states' needs. Using a comprehensive document developed by the Western Region, eight states' initial training materials have been reviewed. Three reviews are posted on the EFNEP Coordinator's website hosted by Purdue University and provide a new training resource for EFNEP and SNAP-Ed program coordinators.


Telehealth from a regulatory perspective issues include whether certain health applications and software (e.g. wireless monitoring) could fall in the borderline between the definition of a medical device and software. This is a hot topic as the Medical Device Directive 93/42/ EEC was recently amended to make extend the scope to medical software and different EU member states have taken divergent views on the types of software that would be classed as a medical device. Ethics and consent: A brief overview of the ethics of telehealth, including a discussion over informed consent, patient choice, self-care issues, international transfers of data (important if the NHS contractor has a US parent company), data storage (i.e. how long should information/voice messages derived from a telehealth interaction be stored). Discussion on how NHS staff/NHS contractors should seek consent using telehealth applications, focusing on SMS texts, computer software, email messaging and telephone and fax services. Provide an update on general concepts of liability for telehealth providers and cross-border healthcare issues. For example, if a telehealth operator is providing clinical advice to a patient that that operator will owe a duty of care to that patient, which has implications from a liability perspective.


Introduction Contemporary Reviews The 1930s and 40s: Summing Up The 1950s and 60s: Unifying Strategies: Myth, Philosophy, Psychology The 1970s and 80s: Diverging Approaches: Androgyny, Art, Feminism The 1980s: Sexual/Textual readings The 1990s: Historical, Materialist, Post-colonialist Readings Notes Select Bibliography Acknowledgements Index


A third generation control and operation system A-PODIA has been developed for Boiling Water reactor nuclear power plants. It is a highly automated monitoring and operation system which has a compact and elegant human interface. The functions and performance of A-PODIA and the future control systems are reviewed.


This erratum is to explain a pagination error occurred in the published issue of Jurnal Psikologi Volume 25, Number 1 (1998). The error above was due to problem in scanning the printed version of the article that caused one needless page slipped between page 18 and 19. The error only applies on the PDF files of the articles, but the metadata remains the correct page.


In the field of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), the ability to construct self supporting or suspended structures is essential for many devices. Well-established technologies exist for the fabrication of such structures, many of which rely on the deposition of SiNx layers. Such layers are usually grown by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition which requires high process temperatures. Lower process temperatures can be achieved through plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, however even these lower temperatures place a major restriction on the order in which processing can occur. For some semiconductor materials such as HgCdTe, this prohibits the straightforward use of such structures. A novel self-supporting SiNx membrane technology that can be applied to temperature sensitive semiconductor devices has been developed. In this technology the microcavity structure is constructed on a reusable GaAs substrate, from which it can be removed and bonded via van der Waals forces to a new substrate or device.


In many bargaining situations the decisions that parties take at one point in time affect their future bargaining opportunities. We consider an ultimatum bargaining game in which parties can decide not only how to share a current surplus but also how much to invest in order to generate future surpluses. We show that there is a unique Markov perfect equilibrium (MPE) in which a proposer consumes the whole surplus not invested. Moreover, when the proposer has a sufficiently high discount factor, his MPE investment level is higher than his opponent's, for a given capital stock. Finally, we show that bargaining can lead to overinvestment.