Today our whole world is entangled with the most dreadful disease Corona which is caused by the successor of SARS known as SARS-Cov-2 virus. Coronavirus is the influenza-like respiratory disease causing damage to the respiratory system of the humans through the ACE2 receptors which acts as an entry gate for the virus to enter. The Corona virus was identified in late 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China which later spread to the most of the territories in China. The spread was first identified by the Bluedot which is a Saas service designed to track and detect the spread of infectious disease. When the other countries came to know the severity of the virus they made various steps to prevent the spread of the virus. The initial symptoms of coronavirus are rise in temperature, loss of taste and smell and short breathness. As the entry level check many institutions and offices, checks the body temperature of the people and checks whether the person is wearing a mask or not. To make this process fully automatic without human intervention the use of AI enabled IR camera sensor with the Arduino UNO is made. The detection of temperature can be made possible by the use of the computer leveraging vision techniques which is equipped with the Raspberry-pi camera module. The process is based on the thermal imaging of the person which can detect the elevated temperature of the person and prevents them from entering into the institution or offices thereby the spread due to the possibly affected persons can be avoided thereby the spread can be controlled. The system not only identifies the person with high temperature but also checks whether the person is wearing a mask or not. The real time analysis of the system is the major advantage of the proposed system.


This reference book establishes a framework for health and safety policies in a college or university setting. It covers all aspects of occupational health and safety, including laboratory safety, indoor environmental conditions, radiation safety, artist materials, pesticide programmes, carcinogens, waste disposal, work safety procedures, and key safety checklists. Practical information and safety precautions regarding major hazards are emphasized.


1. Nolen H, Bajwa K, Mehta S, Walker P, Kling E, Shah S. Sporadic mesenteric fibromatosis presenting as intra-abdominal sepsis. Clin. Surg. 2016; 1: 1118. 2. Peled Z, Linder R, Gilshtein H, Kakiashvili E, Kluger Y. Cecal fibromatosis (desmoid tumor) mimicking periappendicular abscess: a case report. Case Rep. Oncol. 2012; 8: 511–4. 3. Jain P, Shah P, Bhansali M. Unusual presentation of an uncommon abdominal pathology. Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl. 2010; 92: 19–21. 4. Huang K, Stuart H, Lyapichev K, Rosenberg A, Livingstone A. Mesenteric desmoid tumour presenting with recurrent abdominal abscess and duodenal fistula: a case report and review of literature. Int. J. Surg. Case Rep. 2017; 37: 119–23. 5. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCNN Clinical Practical Guidelines in Oncology (NCNN Guidelines): Soft Tissue Sarcoma, Version 6. 2020. [Cited 29 June 2020.] Available from URL: https:// www.nccn.org/patients/guidelines/content/PDF/sarcoma-patient.pdf 6. Alemanno G, Zambonin D, Sturiale A et al. A multidisciplinary approach to desmoid tumors. When intra-abdominal fibromatosis degenerates into an abscess, which is the right treatment? Int. J. Surg. Case Rep. 2013; 4: 757–60. 7. Maldjian C, Mitty H, Garten A, Forman W. Abscess formation in desmoid tumors of Gardner's syndrome and percutaneous drainage: a report of three cases. Cardiovasc. Intervent. Radiol. 1995; 18: 168–73. 8. Cholongitas E, Koulenti D, Panetsos G et al. Desmoid tumor presenting as intra-abdominal abscess. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2006; 51: 68–9. 9. Ebrahimi-Daryani N, Momeni A, AziziAsl R, Movafaghi S. Mesenteric fibromatosis (desmoid tumor) presenting as recurrent abdominal abscess: report of a rare case. Govaresch 2008; 13: 128–32. 10. Bellamy F, Gunawardene A, Osipov V, Aljanabi I. Intra-abdominal desmoid tumour presenting as an acute abdomen. ANZ J. Surg. 2019; 89: 1654–5.


Provided is a polyamide resin composition suitable as a material for high-strength zipper parts after dyeing. A polyamide resin composition for a zipper comprising a polyamide resin and reinforcing fibers, wherein a total mass of the polyamide resin and the reinforcing fibers is 90% by mass or more of the composition; wherein a content of aromatic polyamides having a melting point of between 200 and 250 ° C in the polyamide resin is more than 70 mass%; and wherein a content of the reinforcing fibers in the total mass of the polyamide resin and the reinforcing fibers is in the range of 45 to 70 mass%.


The axial location reconstruction of single molecule with evanescent wave fluorescence excitation using polarized beam is investigated in this paper. The fluorescence emission from a single fluorophore molecules has been analyzed and stimulated under different polarized incident light. Our main result is the determination of three-dimensional molecular orientation as well as the distance between the molecules.


This research purpose to know number of labor demand in demand of labor derived outside of household in paddy farming and  find out the characteristics and factors which are influencing labour demand in paddy farming in Lebong District. The research was uses simple random sampling technique. The number of sampel are 30 farmer. The result of the research showed (1) that farmer 22,18 Day work Equvalent Mean/ farm for the labor of inside household, 1s 99,34 DWEM/farm for labor of outside household, and (2).The significant variabel in faktor of derived outside household that farm is field, wage, untilizing tractor in paddy farming.while price of fertilizer, price of pestised,price of product, is not significant to demand of labour derived in paddy farming. Key word: demand of labour derived outside of household, paddy farming


To investigate the effect of the oxide layer on the oxide‐mediated growth in solid phase epitaxy for the formation of a single‐phase iron disilicides, the annealing processes were analyzed using spectroscopic photoemission and low‐energy electron microscopy for a special surface where oxide areas and clean substrate areas (voids) coexist closely in a micrometer‐order view. From the analysis of high‐resolution X‐ray adsorption near edge structure (XANES), we found that a pure α phase of FeSi2 was obtained in the oxide area after annealing at 720 °C, although a mixture of its α and β phases was obtained in the void area. This indicates that the oxide layer effectively worked and a single‐phase α‐FeSi2 was successfully formed by the oxide‐mediated growth. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Objective Explore Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of hypertension middle-aged parting clinical effect.Methods From June 2009 to June 2011 in our department from June in elderly hypertensive patients in 80 cases, were randomly divided into two groups of 40 patients each, the control group using conventional high plasma treatment, the observation group to give Chinese medicine dialectical therapy, two groups of clinical results of a retrospective comparison analysis.Results The observation group 40 cases, effective in 28 cases, accounting for 70.0%; effective in 10 cases, accounting for 25.0%; invalid in 2 cases, accounting for 5.0%, the total effective rate was 95.0%.40 cases in the control group, 9 cases, accounting for 22.5%; effective in 19 cases, accounting for 47.5%; invalid in 12 cases, accounting for 30.0%, the total effective rate was 70.0%.Two groups of the total efficiency of the differences were statistically significant (P0.05 ).Conclusion According to the types of chinese medicine for the treatment of patients, with high security and efficiency, obvious curative effect, obviously improve the quality of life of patients, has very active significance.


This note provides some evidence of the sensitivity of firm survival duration dependence to time aggregation, when durations are Weibull distributed. The results indicate that estimates of duration dependence are always positively biased: This bias increases with the width of time aggregation window and decreases with the length of expected durations. On the other hand, time aggregation does not seem to have drastic effect on the regression parameter estimates. These results are unaffected by the time aggregation mechanism.


Forages are the backbone of sustainable agriculture. They includes a wide variety of plant species ranging from grasses, such as tall fescue and bermudagrass, to herbaceous legumes, such as alfalfa and white clover. Abiotic stresses, especially salinity, drought, temperature extremes, high photon irradiance, and levels of inorganic solutes, are the limiting factors in the growth and productivity of major cultivated forage crops. Given the great complexity of forage species and the associated difficulties encountered in traditional breeding methods, the potential from molecular breeding in improving forage crops has been recognized. Plant engineering strategies for abiotic stress tolerance largely rely on the gene expression for enzymes involved in pathways leading to the synthesis of functional and structural metabolites, proteins that confer stress tolerance, or proteins in signaling and regulatory pathways. Genetic engineering allows researchers to control timing, tissue-specificity, and expression level for optimal function of the introduced genes. Thus, the use of either a constitutive or stress-inducible promoter may be useful in certain cases. In this review, we summarize the recent progress made towards the development of transgenic forage plants with improved tolerance to abiotic stresses.


The magnetotransport properties of antirectangular arrays (2×10μm2) embedded into 200-A-thick continuous Ni80Fe20 films with the interhole spacing equal to 2μm have been investigated. We observed that the inhomogeneous current-density distribution, due to the placement of electrical contacts, caused an unusual positive magnetoresistance (MR) behavior for the in-plane longitudinal measurements. Finite element simulations on current-density distribution are in agreement with experimental data on small area antirectangular structures. For the continuous film, however, the current-density distribution does not play a significant role in determining the shape of the MR curve.


Zinc sulfide thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) on soda lime glass, silicon and gallium phosphide substrates using an acidic (acetic acid-thioacetamide), and ammonia (thiourea or thioacetamide) baths. The thickness of the films varied from a few nm to 100 nm. Films deposited using the acidic bath showed a smaller concentration of Zn-O bonds and are much closer to ZnS stoichiometry, as it was found by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopies. X-ray diffraction patterns prove crystallinity of as deposited films from the acidic bath, which crystallize in the cubic modification. The optical band-gap energy was determined to be 3.64 eV from the best-fit of spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


By in-depth interview and psychology tests,an empirical study on competence model of substation staff at operation posts is carried out.The results indicate that emotional stability,stress capacity, response to emergencies,logical thinking,language ability,spirit of enterprise,and endurance are core personalities required for substation staff at operation posts.The result can serve as a reference for recruitment and training of employees in this field..


Termitonebria braunsi Wasmann, 1925 and Falsozialeus ater Pic, 1951 are considered to be junior synonyms of Asyleptus fumosus Peringuey, 1896. The placement of this taxon in the tribe Amarygmini is confirmed. The species is an inquiline of termites, and its distribution is restricted to a small area in South Africa. Images of the adult male of A. fumosus and its genitalia are provided to facilitate identification.


This is a study of tractate on the Ḥanafī law school methodology (i.e. uṣūl al-fiqh) which belongs to Shihāb al-Dīn Abū al-Ḥasan Hārūn b. Bahā al-Dīn al-Marjānī al-Qazānī (1233 A.H./1818 A.D. – 1306 A.H./1889 A.D.), the Islamic thinker and owner of reformative and innovatory ideas, that lived in XIX century in Tatarstan and studied in Bukhara and Samarqand, the cities that are considered as the center of knowledge of that time. Inspite of the briefness, the treatise is including almost all subjects and matters of uṣūl science. The author named it "Mashāri' al-uṣūl wa mashārib al-fuṣūl", which means that al-Marjānī made a metaphor, where he assimilated the main subjects of uṣūl to mashāri' (i.e. footpath leading to water) and the secondary matters to mashārib (i.e. spring of water). The tractate consists of three main chapters that are containing of some relative sub-subjects. The work could be regarded as one of the shortest treatises on uṣūl al-fiqh of the Ḥanafī law school, which contains almost al subjects of uṣūl.


OBJECTIVE: To compare the bioequivalence of 2 kinds of Azihromycin tablets in healthy volunteers. METHODS: 2 kinds of Azihromycin tablets were administered by randomized crossover way in 18 male volunteers for 2 periods, and the blood concentrations of azihromycin were determined by microbiological assay. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with 3p97 pharmacokinetic program and the bioequivalence was evaluated. RESULTS: Main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: cmax(1.21±0.56)μg·mL-1 and (1.25±0.62)μg·mL-1; tmax(1.94±0.64)h and (2.44±1.15)h; AUC0~144 h(11.33±7.49)μg·h·mL-1 and (11.61±7.15)μg·h·mL-1. The relative bioavailability of test tablets was (97.59±12.72)%. CONCLUSION: Results of variance analysis and t-tests suggest that 2 kinds of Azihromycin tablets are bioequivalent.


Organizations need a holistic view of their information assets in order to lead a digital transformation. Information assets can be obtained from modeling the Enterprise Architecture (EA) of the organization. However, the current EA modeling methods have been criticized for being heavy and rigid. In fact, EA modeling methods present similar problems to those faced by traditional software development (waterfall) methods. We propose that EA modeling could benefit from ideas presented in the Agile Manifesto. Previous research already pointed out the importance of finding the "ideal" boundaries for the intersection between agile software development methods and EA practices. In this paper, we apply the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM) to propose an Agile Enterprise Architecture Modeling Method based on agile principles and values. The proposal was demonstrated in two organizations, from which we extracted evidence such as continuous deliveries, short interactions (Sprints), proximity to customers, and systematic improvements in the process. We conclude that our proposal can improve EA modeling.


In the present work, eight party walls and facade elements have been measured in laboratory and field conditions. Lab measurements were carried out in a horizontal chamber, with flanking transmission, that basically fulfills the requirements of DIN 52210/2 standard. Field tests were performed in real dwellings, with typical furnishings and linings. The installation of samples was carefully controlled, in order to reproduce similar mountings in both situations. Velocity measurements were made during field tests in order to define the principal paths of sound transmission. Leaks were avoided in each case. The overall variability of tests was determined from the study of random sources of error. For this purpose, two operators made three replications under the same environmental conditions, with the same instrumentation for each measuring sample. To the contrary, both operators did each set of replicates, at long intervals of time with different equipment. Finally, a correlation between lab–field results was found. The fitted straight line shows that field results are systematically lower than lab results, and the resulting differences tend to rise with increasing insulation values.


Dear Reader, It is with much joy and anticipation that we celebrate the launch of Journal of Advances in Information Technology (JAIT) with this inaugural issue. On behalf of the JAIT Editorial Team, I would like to extend a very warm welcome to the readership of JAIT. I take this opportunity to thank our authors, editors and anonymous reviewers, all of whom have volunteered to contribute to the success of the journal. I am also grateful to Dr. George Sun and the staff at Academy Publisher for making JAIT a reality. JAIT is dedicated to the rapid dissemination of high quality research papers on how advances in IT can help us meet the challenges of the 21 st century, and to capitalize on the promises ahead. We welcome contributions that can demonstrate near-term practical usefulness, particularly contributions that take a multidisciplinary / convergent approach because many real world problems are complex in nature. Barely a decade into the new millennium, we have witnessed significant events such as 9/11, SARS, and the South Asian Tsunami, to name but a few. There are also the on-going issues, such as demographic changes (population aging, internal migration and rapid urbanization), management of resources, and environment issues like the current debate about climate change. As IT practitioners and researchers, we aim to seek ways to harness the power of technology to meet some of these real world challenges, and to provide substance for making informed judgments on important matters. For example, modeling and prediction can help manage graying populations, model the spread of diseases or identify/mitigate future security threats; analysis of satellite imagery coupled with knowledge discovery can help manage deforestation, resource exploration or prepare future evacuation plans in response to natural disasters; large scale information processing can aid understanding of how (and to what extent) human activities can impact the environment and climate. The list of possibilities goes on. As for the promises that lay ahead, IT has already become an integral part of everyday life. From commerce and government to scientific discovery, healthcare, education and entertainment, IT is indispensable and will continue to fuel further advances in all facets of human endeavors. With "e-everything", we already see that IT has revolutionized the way we conduct business and learn. Further advances in IT will continue to change the way we live and play. As IT practitioners and researchers, we are responsible for making all this happen, and to some extent help shape the future. With technological advances also come social and legal changes. For example, popularization of the internet has led to a proliferation of virtual online communities, which are often formed on an ad hoc basis and typically characterized by a share of some common interests. Compared to a generation ago, people today interact frequently online and these changes inevitably have social implications. JAIT provides an ideal forum for exchange of information on all of the above topics and more, in various formats: full length and letter length research papers, survey papers, work-in-progress reports on promising developments, case studies / best practice articles written by industry experts, and tutorials on up-and-coming technological breakthroughs. JAIT is published four times a year. To ensure rapid dissemination of information, we aim at completing the review process of each paper within 3 months of initial submission. We also publish special issues on relevant themes proposed by guest editors. Finally, we wish to encourage more contributions from the scientific community and industry practitioners to ensure a continued success of the journal. Authors, reviewers and guest editors are always welcome. We also welcome comments and suggestions that could improve the quality of the journal. Thank you. We hope you will find JAIT informative. A.C.M. Fong Editor-in-Chief February 2010


In sensor network applications with low traffic intensity, idle channel listening is one of the main sources of energy waste.The use of a dedicated low-power wake-up receiver (WRx) which utilizes duty-cycled channel listening can significantlyreduce idle listening energy cost. In this thesis such a scheme is introduced and it is called DCW-MAC, an acronym forduty-cycled wake-up receiver based medium access control.We develop the concept in several steps, starting with an investigation into the properties of these schemes under idealizedconditions. This analysis show that DCW-MAC has the potential to significantly reduce energy costs, compared to twoestablished reference schemes based only on low-power wake up receivers or duty-cycled listening. Findings motivatefurther investigations and more detailed analysis of energy consumption. We do this in two separate steps, first concentratingon the energy required to transmit wake-up beacons and later include all energy costs in the analysis. The more completeanalysis makes it possible to optimize wake-up beacons and other DCW-MAC parameters, such as sleep and listen intervals,for minimal energy consumption. This shows how characteristics of the wake-up receiver influence how much, and if, energycan be saved and what the resulting average communication delays are. Being an analysis based on closed form expressions,rather than simulations, we can derive and verify good approximations of optimal energy consumption and resulting averagedelays, making it possible to quickly evaluate how a different wake-up receiver characteristic influences what is possible toachieve in different scenarios.In addition to the direct optimizations of the DCW-MAC scheme, we also provide a proof-of-concept in 65 nm CMOS,showing that the digital base-band needed to implement DCW-MAC has negligible energy consumption compared to manylow-power analog front-ends in literature. We also propose a a simple frame-work for comparing the relative merits ofanalog front-ends for wake-up receivers, where we use the experiences gained about DCW-MAC energy consumption toprovide a simple relation between wake-up receiver/analog front-end properties and energy consumption for wide ranges ofscenario parameters. Using this tool it is possible to compare analog front-ends used in duty-cycled wake-up schemes, evenif they are originally designed for different scenarios.In all, the thesis presents a new wake-up receiver scheme for low-power wireless sensor networks and provide a comprehensiveanalysis of many of its important properties. (Less)


Adolescents with language impairment (LI) often are underidentified and may be perceived as lazy or noncompliant, rather than as individuals with LI. In this article, the author discusses two possi...


The concept of L-fuzzy algebras was redefined by Gu Wen-xiang and Lu Tu in L-fuzzy set theory,because some results of fuzzy algebras in are not ideal.But it lacks characterizations in terms of cut sets.in this paper,we present its some equivalent characterizations by means of the cut sets of L-fuzzy sets such that its representation is more direct and is convenient to apply.Lastly we prove tersely that a L-fuzzy algebra is not invariant and inverse- invariant under an algebra homomorphism.


A novel and facile synthesis of 2-arylbenzothiazole derivatives was accomplished in good yields via the novel reductive cyclization of bis-(2-benzalaminophenyl)disulfide promoted by the TiCl4/Sm system. The advantages of this new method are the easily accessible starting materials, short reaction time, and moderate to good yields.


Objective To assess the relationship between neutrophile and farmer′s lung.Methods The documents represent the quantity and percentage of neutrophile in farmer′s lung mouse models and patients bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)were analyzed quantitatively by Meta-analysis.RevMan5.0 software was used.Results In total,twelve studies were included.Merger SMD and calculate 95% CI of the quantity and percentage of neutrophile.Compared with the controls,the quantity of BALF neutrophile in farmer′s lung mouse models and patients showed higher levels[SMD=3.39,95% CI-2.04 to 4.73].As well as the percentage of BALF neutrophile[SMD=1.34,95% CI-0.76 to 1.92].Conclusion The quantity and percentage of neutrophile in farmer′s lung is much higher than controls,and may closely associate with the severity of farmer′s lung.


This article aims to demonstrate how the novel Quarenta dias (2014), by Maria Valéria Rezende, makes us rethink the concept of home, usually associated with the feminine and with maternal protection. Alice is a retired teacher who moves from João Pessoa to Porto Alegre at the request of her daughter, Norinha, who planned to be a mother and wanted full-time help. A disagreement with her daughter moves Alice into the streets of Porto Alegre, as she becomes an urban walker for forty days, sleeping in the streets, homeless. She explores the city and critically looks to the streets, while making us question the fixity of the concepts of home and motherhood. Topics such as nomadic subjectivity (Rosi Braidotti), home as an ideological determinant (Rosemary George), nostalgia for return (Sandra Almeida), the exclusionary space of the city (Zygmunt Bauman, Hugo Achugar) and the different mobilities of


The key idea introduced in this paper consists of running a multi-branch server-side dynamic analysis at every commit operation. The analysis will execute the test cases available in the source code management (SCM) system to trace the behavior of the application and automatically derive models that capture how the program behaves according to multiple dimensions. For instance, the functional behavior of the program can be represented with method pre- and post-conditions, API usage protocols, and precedence rules among method invocations. The temporal behavior of a program can be represented with models that capture aspects, such as deadlines, periodicity, and constraints on the timing of the tasks. These models are used on the server side to run automated conflict detection. Models are derived for every version in every branch, and automatically compared every time a change is introduced. Comparing models allows identifying behavioral conflicts regardless the presence of textual conflicts, which do not need to be resolved to run the analysis. We call this analysis Behavioral Driven Continuous Integration (BDCI).


The author analyzes the correlation between ideology of the contemporary right-wing extremism and the European migration crisis. Basic hypothesis states that contemporary mass migrations from the Middle Eastern region greatly affect the expansion of right-wing extremism in Europe. Even though the extreme right-wing in Europe is of a diversified character, it manifests a sequence of mutual characteristics which are best seen in its ideology: Islamophobia, xenophobia, racism, fascism, violence, discrimination, etc. The purpose of this paper is to show how the extreme right-wing ideology can generate political violence and a vast security problem for Europe and the entire world.


Coincidences between at least 3 fragments emitted at large angle have been used to study central collisions in the Ar+Au reactions at 30 and 60 MeV/u incident energies. For both energies, the formation of equilibrated very hot nuclei is evidenced. Excitation energy as high as 1 GeV are reached in the reaction at 60 MeV/u.


Purpose: There are numerous biopsy protocols that have been described in the clinical literature. We especially assess the role of the use of an enema before a transrectal prostate biopsy by comparing the post biopsyinfectious complications rate. Materials and Methods: From January 2007 to August 2007 we retrospectively evaluated 302 men who underwent transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate according to the inclusion criteria. Patients in group 1 (121 patients) did not receive an enema and were given oral ciprofloxacin (500 mg) for 3 days. Those in group 2 (181 patients) received an enema before the biopsy and were also administered intravenous ciprofloxacin (400mg) and an additional oral form (500mg) for five days. Only complications related to infection were evaluated, that is, fever and chills with systemic inflammatory symptoms, within two weeks after the biopsy. Results: Patients demographics, such as age and prostate size did not differ between the two groups (p>0.05), but the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in group 2 was significantly higher than in group 1 (12.70ng/ml versus 28.88ng/ml, p 0.05). The infectious complications rate was 2.6% (8/302) overall and did not differ significantly between the two groups (2.5% versus 2.8%, p>0.05). Especially for group 2 patients, there were two cases of bacteremia and Escherichia coli was reported as the pathogen. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the use of a pre-biopsy enema shows no significant benefit given the considerations of infectious complications rate, and the patient quality of life. (Korean J Urol 2008;49:248-251) 󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏


Same-sex civil union, marriage, adoption and access to assisted reproduction have progressively been more accepted worldwide. However, many differences exist in national legislation regarding the matter. This work is a review of current national policies of 31 European countries, including all the European Union, Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. At the moment, many European countries recognize same-sex civil unions, marriage and adoption, as well as the access of single women and lesbian couples to assisted reproduction, specially the northern and western countries. However, there is still an important number of countries where there is no official recognition of gay partnerships and adoption, and fertility treatments are exclusive to heterosexual couples. In addition, given the need to surrogacy, male couples have quite limited options concerning assisted reproduction in Europe. Europe is progressively allowing same-sex couples to legalize their relationship and to open adoption and assisted reproduction to everyone, regardless of gender, sexual orientation or marital status.


the pituitary gland and is controlled by the administration of cestrln in large doses accompanied by progestin. 8. It is suggested that the water-salt obesity of Zondek is the result of overaction of the pituitary gland, particularly the antidiuretic factor, and that it might be treated by the administration of large doses of osstrtn at least twice weekly over a period of three months. 9. The theory is discussed briefly in relation to the male.


The article makes a review on Education in Japan ,which is a volume of A Series of International Education (20 volumes) published recently by Jilin education press.The article points out that the work,according to the clue of historical development,shows the harmony character between education and politics、economy、culture in Japan,describes the features of Japanese education;The work summarizes the history of our studies in Japanese education and expands the future of the research,which can be regarded as a historic writings.


Remote exploration of medical volume models is nowadays a challenging problem. Interactive visualization algorithms must be able to send and render in real-time the volume model at the maximum possible visual quality, while adapting to network bandwidth limitations and to hardware constraints in the client device. In this paper we present a transfer function-aware scheme for the remote interactive inspection of volume models in client-server architectures with the objectives of supporting multi-resolution, avoiding gradient computations in the client device and sending a very limited amount of information through the network. Gradient Octrees can be progressively transmitted to the clients in a strongly compact way while achieving a minimum loss of visual quality as compared to state of the art ray-casting renderings. Visual volume understanding can be complemented by showing 2D sections of the original volume data on demand.


ABSTRACT: With this analysis we seek to problematize the paths of Brazilian environmental policy in contemporary times, noting that the current administration of the Federal Government in the figure of President Jair Messias Bolsonaro, in 2019, adopts doubtful postures regarding the operationalization of social order mechanisms. , environmental and economic issues that would converge to meet the rights of all citizens and development in a fair, economically viable and ecologically sound manner. To this end, we will make excerpts of his speeches before, during and after his participation in the President's World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. Therefore, the yearnings for an environmental policy that meets all the wishes of our society stand out. Another challenge is the statesman's stance that demonstrates an ideological departure from current environmental policy discussions that can result in an abyssal conflict of interest.
KEYWORDS: Planning, Environment, Environmental Management.


The study of a new nanocrystalline Fe 73.5 Cu 0.8 Nb 2V 1.2 Si 11.5 B 11 alloy is reported. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and M" o ssbauer spectroscopy, we found that after the annealing at 843K for 0.5h in a vacuum tube furnace the alloy consists of nanocrystalline grains of bcc α Fe(Si), about 78% in volume fraction, and residual amorphous phase. The average grain size is about 18nm. The Bs is 1.40T, the highest value of initial permeability at 1kHz (μ e) is 71 8×10 -3 H/m, the losses at different frequencies are as follows: P 1 2/2k 21 0kW/m 3, P 1 1/10k 218kW/m 3,P 0 5/20k 157kW/m 3, P 0 2/100k 300kW/m 3, and the coercivity (Hc) is about 1 1A/m. The new alloy shows obvious effect of field annealing, the B 30 and α 30 have reached 1 44T and 0 90, after annealing in longitudinal magnetic field, and 1 30T and 0 1, after annealing in transverse magnetic field respectively. Due to replacing Nb with V, the fluidity of liquid Fe 73 5 Cu 0 8 Nb 2V 1 2 Si 11 5 B 11 alloy and the ductility of quenched ribbon are better than those of Fe 73 5 Cu 1Nb 3Si 13 5 B 9, and the cost is also reduced.


The brain does not operate like a typical computer—there is no central processing unit, there are no separate memory banks, and performance degrades gracefully when individual components fail. This is because all brain functioning is distributed across vast networks of neurons, which are connected by synapses that process and store information. To understand the brain, we therefore need to know how synapses work, hence the central importance of the Synaptic Neuroscience research field that this Frontiers Specialty Journal covers. In 2000, Abbott and Nelson overviewed the field of synaptic plasticity and likened it to the taming of a beast (Abbott and Nelson, 2000). Synaptic plasticity is indeed a particularly daunting task in neuroscience: experiments are slow and challenging, outcomes vary with precise experimental conditions, and interpretations of the results are inherently prone to disagreement, due to experimental as well as theoretical complexities. We are now more than two decades after the publication of Abbott and Nelson's review, we have seen the immense progress since, and we are in a good position to speculate on what is at the Frontiers of Synaptic Neuroscience. Here, in personal view, I have collected a non-exhaustive list of challenges, phrased as questions.


The present study was aimed to formulate Solid lipid nanoparticles loaded thermo-reversible nasal In-situ gel containing Hibiscus Rosa sinensis extract by cold technique to impart better antidepressant activity. It can improve the penetration of drug to CNS and shows faster pharmacological action. Thermoreversible nasal In-situ gel were prepared by Poloxamer188 (PluronicF68) with mucoadhesive polymer polymers Carbopol 940. Nasal drug delivery systems are better imparts the Anti-depressant activity. The pH of the formulations was found to be within the range of 6.4 to 7.4. Viscosity of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded thermoreversible nasal in-situ gel was found to be (212 cps to 409.6) for the sol, where as for the gels it was upto (38969 cps). The Spreadability SLN loaded In-situ nasal gel was found to be 25.19 (gm.cm/sec).The optimized formulation showed a drug release of 72.17% in 5hrs.


For the deep impact project, a myriad of fault protection (FP) monitors, symptoms, alarms and responses is engineered into the spacecraft FP software, common and yet custom to the flyby and impactor mother-daughter spacecraft. Device faults and functional faults are monitored, which are mapped 1-to-n into FP symptoms, per instance of the fault. Symptoms are then mapped n-to-1 to FP alarms, further down mapped n-to-1 to FP responses. Though the final statistics of 49 monitors, 921 symptoms, 667 alarms, and 39 responses appear to be staggering, it remains debatable whether the amount of on-board autonomous fault protection is sufficient and friendly to operate


As a new environment-friendly waterproof material, polymer cement waterproof coating combines the rigidity of cement and the flexibility of polymer materials. The ratio of the liquid powder、the ratio of the C/P, the dosage of stuffing, the coating-forming additives, the defoamer were discussed to investigate their effect on the waterproof materials' tensile performance and fracture elongation.


Summary

The goal of this lecture is to provide aquatic scientists and interested laymen with an overview of the potential, methods and exemplary analyses of DNA preserved in lake sediments. This area is an emerging field, as new techniques are opening up avenues for novel studies of the sediment record. Numerous papers in this field have recently been published in Science, PNAS and PLoS ONE. Like many new fields, there are challenges as well as exciting lines of future inquiry, which we dedicate part of the lecture towards.

This lecture starts by providing a brief introduction to paleolimnology, with an emphasis on how DNA studies can expand this field. We then provide information on the ways in which DNA can be archived in sediments & how analyses can differ, depending on the question and target. Examples of the common genetic markers used and how DNA may be sequenced are also highlighted in the methods section. In the second portion of the lecture, we focus on the applications of sedimentary DNA: 1) to the study of particular phytoplankton group dynamics; 2) to the analysis of zooplankton DNA preserved in resting eggs; and, 3) to uncover community-wide changes in plankton. Finally, we close the lecture with a discussion on challenges and future directions in the field. Advances in the development and calibration of different extraction techniques, as well as further enhancement of genetic libraries and bioinformatics pipelines, are all areas ripe for new research.

This lecture has been prepared with a diverse audience in mind. For example, undergraduate or graduate courses that could be interested in our material include Aquatic Ecology, Limnology, Oceanography, Microbial Ecology, Environmental Genomics and Paleoecology. This lecture could also serve as a useful introduction to non-specialist audiences that are interested in the potential of the DNA archive preserved in lake sediments (including funding agencies).


The Mazurs formed a national group which inhabited the southern part of the province East Prussia. Their most important characteristics were the Polish mother tongue and their Protestant confession. The Statistical data concerning their language supply extensive information about the number of group members before World War I. But these sources need a thorough correction with the aim to find out about the real national situation in this area.
In the eight East Prussian districts Osterode (Ostroda), Neidenburg (Nidzica),
Orteisburg (Szczytno), Sensburg (Mrągowo), Johannisburg (Pisz), Lotzen (Gizycko), Oletzko (Olecko) and Lyck (Elk) the Mazurs were a distinctive national majority, which in 1831 made up more than 90% and in 1910 a bit less than 70 % of the entire population. The process of Germanisation and assimilation among the Mazurs proceeded perpetually in this period. The most important fact but was that they did not want to decide themselves for one national Community, neither the German nor the Polish. They tried to keep an own identity as Single ethnic group. Politically the attitude of the Mazurs was very passive. Polish attempts at agitation among them were always in vain. In the interwar time many, especially young Mazurs became supporters of the national socialistic movement and its ideology. The Germanisation of this group was then, up to 1945, almost concluded.
When the Polish took over the area Mazovia, only a few so-called Autochthone remained there. Thousands lost their lives in combat, others were deported to Russia. More than half of this group ended up in the occupied Germany beyond the river Oder, after the chaotic evacuation during the winter of 1945. Their difficult economic and social Situation in Poland and in addition wrong politics of the communist government destroyed the attempts of many, also native activists at "Polonization" or "re-Polonization" of the Mazurs. The Mazurs felt discriminated against and the majority wanted to emigrate to Germany. This happened in various emigration waves in the years 1956-1958, 1971, 1976, and after 1980. Today there are just about 10000 Mazurs in Poland, and their specific Community belongs to history.


If the received wisdom is right, the EU's rapid economic integration should have been asso? ciated with a transfer of economic policy sov? ereignty to the supranational level. This paper marshals several strands of evidence in support the received wisdom, although the relationship in the EU is clearly two-way. Economic inte? gration makes governments more interested in international cooperation, but the institutional reforms that facilitate such cooperation also facilitate deeper economic integration.


Doctoral students are an important feature of the global knowledge economy and represent an important 'strand' of the 'triple helix' (Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff 1997; Malfroy 2011) of universities, industry and governments that enable the development of new knowledge and knowledge-making practices to support innovation and social and economic development in a knowledge economy context (Yang, 2012; Bansel 2011). This paper draws on literature relating to doctoral education and the knowledge economy concept and offers a provocative new perspective.


− 101 − Aim of Study Ceramic study plays an important role in archaeological research in studying socio-economic condition and cultural status of the ancient societies. Generally, ceramic is the most common finds in almost all archaeological excavations. According to the records of many scholars, period of Myanmar trade ceramic, particularly Martaban jars was in 14th century or early 7th– 8th century. According to travel diaries and ancient Myanmar inscriptions, it was also stated that the date of Myanmar glazed ware was in early 7th – 8th century (Temple 1894, Scott and Hardiman 1900, Yule and Burnell 1903, Duarte Barbosa 1918, Morris 1918, Gutman 1978). According to the research of Japanese archaeologists, recent discoveries from many excavations of trade ceramics indicated that the trade ceramics including Martaban jars were traded along the maritime regions from the Indian Ocean to East Asian Sea between 15th to 18th century ( 福岡市教育委員会 1992,


Jenny Hall spent a month working in a hospital in Honduras. She tells of her experiences working in a poorly funded health service and the great hospitality that she received


Scientific and industrial applications require analysis of the distribution sites in the heterogeneous mass of data.The traditional association rule mining algorithms to explore the targets are basically centralized data sets,and can do nothing to the group's distributed dynamic database.So it is urgent to carry out research to explore distributed data mining algorithms.After the service-oriented architecture of OGSA is studied,the paper combines the Grid and data mining technology organically,and then proposes an association rules mining method based on Grid.The method is an idiographic application of the improved Apriori mining algrithom in the gridcircumstance.The simulation shows that the method meshes with the parallel mining characteristic,achieves success at the site of a number of heterogeneous distributed data mining,and makes a sharp increase in speed and efficiency of mining and computing compared with centralized Apriori mining algorithm.


Introduction: in 1994, the Brazilian Ministry of Health included as a policy the Durected Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) for tuberculosis treatment Nonetheless, it was initially addressed to vulnerable patients with more probability of noncompliance in selected municipalities. In 1998, DOS strategy was expanded. We aim to present results of a health care facility-based evaluation of DOTS vis-a-vis the traditional auto-administered treatment in 27 municipalities of Central-Westem region, from 1998 to 2001. Methods: we conducted a cohort study using secondary data of national register and follow-up of tuberculosis cases registered in the control book at reference health centers. Diagnosis, laboratory / clinical follow-up, and criteria for categorization of treatment outcomes followed criteria defined by Brazilian Ministry of Health. Results: of 644 patients who were under DOTS, 84,5% cured and treatment success was 94,7%. There was not failure. Compared to 2,990 patients with self-administrated treatment, the percentage were 56,6% and 69,7% respectively. Differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: DOTS strategy showed it effectiveness regarding treatment outcome. There were improvements of epidemiological and operational indicators , and also a general improvement in the quality of care provided to tuberculosis patients.


Viscoelastic behavior and submolecular (functional group) level dynamic heterogeneity of hydrogen-bonded poly(vinyl phenol)/poly(methyl acrylate) (PVPh/PMA) blends were investigated by using dynamic FTIR spectroscopy. It has been found that the viscoelastic behaviors of the blends, measured by the dynamic (in-phase and quadrature) spectra of both "free" and hydrogen-bonded carbonyl groups are dependent on the compositions, i.e., the Tg of the blends, and the degree of hydrogen bonding between the two components. In all the blends studied, elastic response of the hydrogen-bonded carbonyl groups to the applied strain has been found. The free carbonyl groups respond differently to the applied strain in these blends. Essentially, elastic response of the free carbonyl groups to the applied strain is observed in blends with both a high Tg and a higher fraction (∼ 40%) of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between PVPh and PMA, and the submolecular level dynamic heterogeneity is suppressed. The free carbonyl group has a viscous component to its response, in blends having a lower fraction (∼ 20%) of hydrogen bonds, even at temperatures well below the thermal Tg of the blends, suggesting that there is a degree of submolecular level dynamic heterogeneity in these blends. Almost entirely viscous response of the free carbonyl group is found in blends whose Tg is close to room temperature and fraction of PVPh/PMA hydrogen bonds is very low. The results reported here suggest that dynamic FTIR has considerable potential for studying specific interactions and viscoelastic behaviors in hydrogen-bonded polymer blends on submolecular level. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009


A drug-induced inhibition of cell proliferation is known to interfere with the ability of certain chemotherapies to induce cytotoxic effects. However, altering treatment schedules to include a phase of drug-free period can overcome this. Similar unwanted effects can be seen in cells regulating immunity. As part of our continue research efforts, we have investigated the effect that lenalidomide (LEN) and a related compound CC122 had on modulating the proliferation and function of T-cells via their effects on the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Our results showed that both LEN and CC122 significantly impeded the proliferation of CD3+ CD4+ cells. The inhibition of proliferation by CC122 was more resolute and resulted in a larger proportion of cells being held after one division, whilst LEN resulted in a larger proportion of cells going through more cell divisions (%cells undergoing 3-division after CC122 was 8% vs. 28% following LEN; p<0.05). These inhibitions were associated with increases in p21 expression and concomitant falls in pRb, which were negated by allowing cells to be re-cultured in drug-free medium. Treatment with LEN and CC122 also reduced the overall expression of IFN-γ in T-cells, but did not drastically alter IL2 levels. It is important to establish whether restoring cell proliferation by interrupting the exposures to drugs can restore proliferation and improve the activity of immune effector cells.


In this paper, a global dynamic queuing strategy is proposed to enhance the transportation efficiency on scale-free networks. We introduce a priority parameter in our queuing strategy. The packets waiting in the queue buffer are delivered according to the priority parameter combined with shortest-path-length-remained and global dynamic traffic information. Comparing the results with the traditional first-in-first-out (FIFO) queuing strategy, we found that the average traveling time can be shortened sharply, and the packet arrived rate is enhanced remarkably. Extensive simulations and discussions are carried out to prove the efficiency of our strategy.


Artificial Neural Networks (anns) are able, in general and in principle, to learn complex tasks. Interpretation of models induced by anns, however, is often extremely difficult due to the non linear and non-symbolic nature of the models. To enable better interpretation of the way knowledge is represented in anns, we present bp-som, a neural network architecture and learning algorithm. bp-som is a combination of a multi -layered feed-forward network (mfn) trained with the back-propagation learning rule (bp), and Kohonen's self-organising maps (soms). The involvement of the som in learning leads to highly structured knowledge representations both at the hidden layer and on the soms. We focus on a particular phenomenon within trained bp-som networks, viz. that the som part acts as an organiser of the learning material into instance subsets that tend to be homogeneous with respect to both class labelling and subsets of attribute values. We show that the structured knowledge representation can either be exploited directly for rule extraction, or be used to explain a generic type of checksum solution found by the network for learning M-of-N tasks.


Two indices of motor unit recruitment, the ramp‐force and repetitive‐discharge thresholds, were compared in the first dorsal interosseus muscle of ten young and twelve elderly subjects. The purpose was to determine the effect of age on the relationship between the two recruitment thresholds and the spike‐triggered average force of motor units. Each subject performed three tasks requiring isometric abduction of the left index finger: a maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), a ramp‐and‐hold contraction, and a repetitive‐discharge task. The elderly subjects used coactivation of the antagonist muscle (second palmar interosseus) more frequently than the young subjects during the ramp‐and‐hold contraction. Many elderly subjects expressed difficulty with the controlled ramp‐down phase of the ramp‐and‐hold contraction and preferred a coactivation strategy to a derecruitment strategy for this task. There were no differences due to age or gender in the ramp‐force thresholds between the various groups. However, the normalized repetitive‐discharge threshold was significantly less for the younger subjects and for the male subjects. Nonetheless, the two recruitment thresholds were able to predict the spike‐triggered average force with similar success for both the young and the elderly subjects. These data suggest that the recruitment threshold of a motor unit in first dorsal interosseus was characterized equally well by either the ramp‐force or repetitive‐discharge measurement for both young and elderly subjects but that coactivation was used more frequently by the elderly subjects during the ramp‐and‐hold task.


A problem that urban planners have to deal with is the obstruction of sunlight by buildings which may shade streets adjacent to them as well as other near by buildings, thus strongly affecting (1) the need for summer cooling and winter heating at particular sites, and (2) the suitability of sites for particular uses. This problem becomes very complicated when buildings are irregularly shaped and are located in an irregular pattern, and when street widths vary. Doing the necessary calculations by hand is extremely tedious, highly error-prone, and costly. A generalized computer model of great flexibility has been developed to overcome the drawbacks of hand caZ culations of solar shadowing. The program, which is called OBSTRUCT, is modular and is written in FORTRAN IV to run on an IBM 3033 computer. The pro gram is available at no charge. Sample runs for two illustrative cases are included in this report.


Purpose Bay 43-9006/sorafenib is a small molecule multi targeted tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor, including VEGFRs, with efficacy in patients with advanced renal cell cancer (RCC). In this study we studied the change in angiogenic biomarkers during sorafenib treatment and possible correlations with clinical outcome. Patients and methods This single center biomarker analysis study was part of an international multicenter open label, noncomparative phase III study, evaluating the activity of the multi target kinase inhibitor sorafenib as first line (patients not suitable for cytokine therapy) or second line (after progression on IFN-α, or Il-2) therapy, in patients with metastatic RCC. Before and at several time-points during sorafenib therapy we measured plasma and platelet levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble VEGF receptors (sVEGFR)-1 and -2, and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and correlated the observed changes with time to progression (TTP) and median survival (mS). Results We demonstrated that VEGF but not PlGF or sVEGFR-1-2 is sequestered in platelets. We measured an increased platelet VEGF concentration at baseline in RCC patients, compared to healthy volunteers, but no further increase of platelet VEGF concentrations during sorafenib therapy was observed, despite higher VEGF plasma levels. This suggests that already at low VEGF plasma concentrations platelets are maximally saturated and that sorafenib does not affect the balance between plasma and platelets concentrations. Except for VEGFR-2, no correlation was found between baseline plasma levels of VEGF, PlGF, sVEGFR-1, and bFGF and clinical outcome. In most patients we observed a durable increase in plasma VEGF and PlGF and a decrease in sVEGFR-1,-2 levels during long-term sorafenib treatment. The changes in these biomarker levels were not correlated with TTP and mS and were comparable between patients with disease progression on therapy and patients with stable or responding disease. Conclusion Several preclinical studies demonstrated that changes in angiogenic biomarker levels in plasma during VEGFR targeted therapy is a class effect, is tumor independent, may reflect optimal VEGFR inhibition, but cannot be considered as a predictive marker for tumor response or clinical benefit. The absence of correlations between angiogenic biomarker changes during sorafenib therapy and clinical outcome are in agreement with these preclinical observations.


Within the scope of its responsibility for commercial drug development, the Food and Drug Administration also regulates the opportunity for scientific discovery through clinical research. The agency controls the entry of all chemical compounds into clinical research, including those employed in the investigation of human physiology and disease. The process of initiating the clinical investigation of novel compounds is a critical step in therapeutic innovation. These considerations led the FDA to reevaluate and revise the regulations governing clinical research involving new drugs. The "1987 rewrite" of the FDA regulations, which is described in the article by Kessler in this issue . . .


This report describes the path of vehicles following a collision with another vehicle at a rural intersection. Detailed information from in-depth investigations of 70 intersection crashes was analysed. Rear end crashes at intersections were excluded as were collisions involving a motorcycle. The vehicle which had right of way most commonly had an impact speed of between 80 and 99 km/h and the impact point was on the front of the vehicle. The vehicle which was required to give way most commonly had an impact speed of between zero and 20 km/h and was struck between the front of the vehicle and the B-pillar. After the vehicle to vehicle impact half the vehicles travelled more than 18 metres, 20 per cent more than 34 metres and 10 per cent more than 50 metres from the centre of the intersection. The most common direction of the vehicle following the initial impact was found to be between 15 and 29.9 degrees, where the original direction of travel of the through vehicle is at zero degrees. Intersection geometry, speed zone, impact point and mass ratio influence the nature of the post impact trajectory of the vehicles involved. As the results show a high number of vehicles travel a large distance at a shallow angle following an intersection collision, extending crash barriers on the through road (the road with right of way) right up to the intersection may have some benefit. Clear zones surrounding the intersection are also advisable and have an added benefit of increasing sight distance. Hazards can be assessed for removal or relocation by applying the results of this study.


The banana (Musa acuminata Colla) is considered as an important crop plant due to its high economic value as good dietary source. Here, we analyze the genetic relationship of four different banana varieties that are cultivated in south India. Random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) fingerprinting of these banana varieties (Grand Naine, Red Banana, Nendran and Rasthali) carried out by three primers (OPA-19, OPB-18, OPD-16) led to DNA amplification. 43.47% of the amplification products were monomorphic (common to all the genotypes), whereas 30.43% were unique, but only 26.08% revealed the relationship between these genotypes.


Abstract We focus on assessing whether newly qualified teachers' professional outcome expectations and their beliefs about students' intellectual potential are associated with teachers' self-reported classroom management and instructional practices. One hundred and eighteen novice teachers participating in the induction year programme were studied during their first years as full-time teachers. Results attest to a salient association between teachers' more optimistic views of the malleability of students' intellectual potential and teachers' confidence in themselves as positive change agents in student outcomes. Also, teachers' belief-set in the beginning of their career was shown to be associated with significant differences in the level of using instructional practices promoting mastery goal orientation in the classroom as well as offering students emotional support during the learning process. In the light of the significant belief–behaviour links demonstrated, more explicit attention to the sophistication of teachers' ability beliefs in teacher education programmes is recommended.


Broadband sound absorption has consistently been a challenge in designing underwater sound absorption structure (USAS). Most research of USASs achieve broadband sound absorption through structural optimization, which curbs the freedom of designing, and commonly alights it at the expense of increased thickness. In this paper, a method is reported to broaden the frequency band of the USAS by embedding a membrane-type resonator into the cavity, which forming a membrane-type underwater acoustic absorption metamaterial. We demonstrate the mechanism of membrane-type metamaterial by theory, and verify it by simulation and experiment. The experimental results show that the sound absorption coefficient in the frequency range of 2000–10 000 Hz is significantly improved after implanting the membrane-type resonator into the cavity. The average sound absorption coefficient is increased by nearly 17%, and the improvement effect of the sound absorption covers to each frequency point, which is consistent with our expectation. As the case of applying membrane-type metamaterials to the design process of underwater acoustic structures, this research possesses great application potential in acoustic wave communication and device compatibility design technologies.


FUNCTIONAL FOODS AND BEVERAGES ARE GROWING IN SALES AND TOTAL NUMBER OF PRODUCTS. MANY OF THESE PRODUCTS ARE MARKETED TOWARD HEALTH-CONSCIOUS AND/OR ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS, MAKING ATHLETES PRIME CONSUMERS. THIS REVIEW EXAMINES THE RESEARCH BEHIND FUNCTIONAL FOODS AND BEVERAGES AND THEIR POTENTIAL APPLICATION IN VARIOUS SPORTING ENDEAVORS.


OBJECTIVE: We determined whether dosing guidelines based on creatinine clearance (Ccr) for renally excreted drugs are being applied when prescribing to long‐term care residents


Exploratory learning depends on several e-learning technologies to enable students to direct their learning. However, the educational search engines of e-learning platforms are inspired by exploratory learning approach. Thus, their search is characterized by learning and investigation. The purpose of this paper is to explore what is considered to be deep connection between exploratory search and educational search engine since they are two complementary subjects. This relation remains at the heart of the development of exploratory learning and investigations. The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of the learning and investigation of knowledge in exploratory search for educational search engine and give other perspectives to improve this practice.


This paper recollects the experiences of co-supervision of 8 Masters (M.), 3 Doctoral students and 4 promoters and supervisors at the Faculty of Humanities. The aim of the study was to establish a sound understanding of co-postgraduate promotion and supervision at one Faculty at the University of Technology in South Africa. Co-postgraduate student supervision implies more than one supervisor, at times two and in rare cases three. This multifaceted supervision approach is referred to as a safety net. On the one hand, co-postgraduate students' supervision could be framed as multi-voiced dialogue process with the aim to enhance the quality of research done by the postgraduate student. At times, this approach is said to bring along a negative dimension for the student and supervisors. A qualitative research case study using an interpretivist approach was used. For both the promoters/supervisors and postgraduate students, an open-ended questionnaire was used. A thematic data analysis was used. The findings of this study both from the students and supervisors' experiences unearthed an understanding that underpins past and present practices of co-post-graduate supervision for future practices.


This paper presents a work-in-progress project for developing an open interactive algorithm visualization (AV) website. This development of project is "open", because we are developing this website as part of our University's Open Education Resources (OER) initiative. This is "interactive", because we aim to incorporate interactive functionalities to meet pedagogy, usability, and accessibility needs of the online leaners. In our previous research, we did a detailed survey on the teaching and learning methodologies of the algorithms and data structures and the existing AV websites. Although most AV websites are good at providing some fancy graphics and animations, they did not pay much attention on the learners' needs in pedagogy, usability, and accessibility. We identified that the leaners pedagogy, usability, and accessibility needs are the three important areas that should be bringing into design considerations for an ideal AV website design. In this work-in-progress paper, we present the current state of our open interactive AV website development and the plan for the future to address learners' load management through multimedia functionalities in the AV website. Such amendment in the AV website can fulfill the pedagogy, usability, and accessibility goals for the online learners.


The catalytic synthesis of methyl N cyclohexyl carbamate (MCHC) via cyclohexylamine and dimethyl carbonate was studied. The catalytic activity over catalyst CaCl 2 was studied. Such effect factors as reaction ratio, reaction time and reaction temperature,etc. on the process were investigated.


Gap-scale disturbances drive successional and structural development patterns in most forest ecosystems. Although fire-maintained Pinus palustris woodlands are less light limited than closed canopy forests, gap-scale disturbance processes may still influence successional and developmental pathways. We quantified biophysical characteristics of 50 canopy gaps in a montane Pinus palustris woodland to analyze gap-scale disturbance patterns and processes. We found most gaps (64%) were caused by the death of a single tree. Snag-formed gaps were most common (38%) followed by snapped stems (32%). We hypothesized that insect-induced mortality, perhaps in combination with drought periods, resulted in the high frequency of snag- and snapped stem-formed gaps. We did not find significant differences in gap size or shape based on gap formation or closure mechanisms. Most gaps (74%) were projected to close by lateral crown expansion of gap perimeter trees. We hypothesized most gaps projected to close via subcanopy recruitment would be captured by a P. palustris stem. The majority of gaps were small and gap frequency declined with increased gap size. We found gaps were significantly clustered through the woodland at distances of 8–36 m from gap edge to gap edge but were randomly distributed beyond 36 m.


We recently proposed a cross-layer cooperative beamforming approach for transmitting signals of competing users to a far away destination in an energy efficient fashion. This was a two-stage scheme that relied on cooperating nodes to appropriately weight and forward the received signal, so that the signal of a particular node adds coherently at its destination only. In this paper we propose a variant of our previous approach that achieves maximum spectral efficiency. We compare the performance of the proposed approach to existing ones, in order to determine the best transmission scheme given certain network parameters, such as number of sources, number of cooperating nodes, power budgets and path loss.


ABSTRACT The presence of Chinese multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Europe is on the rise, yet they concentrate in specific regions. Traditional spatial explanations of this clustering refer to the co-location of foreign and local firms in the same or related sectors ('industry agglomeration'). Nonetheless, Chinese investors may also favour locations with a presence of Chinese firms and ethnic communities ('country-of-origin agglomeration'). We investigate the combined role of both agglomeration typologies by using data on 1307 Chinese investments in 176 NUTS-2 regions during the period 2009–19. While both agglomerations matter in general, we find a substitution effect of country-of-origin agglomeration offsetting the benefits of industry agglomeration.


The paper deals with a frozen-stress photoelastic study of a class of flaw shapes where the ratio of the hole diameter to plate thickness is approximately unity. The study was carried out by a technique developed for estimating stress intensity factor variations along the border of flaws in three-dimensional problems. The results show that for deep flaws, the flaw shapes are not simple and the flow growth is not self-similar. The implications of this effect are discussed.


The invention is directed to a novel method for reducing discomfort caused by transcutaneous stimulation. The novel method includes providing transcutaneous stimulation, reducing the transcutaneous stimulation at a first location, and substantially maintaining the transcutaneous stimulation at a second location. The transcutaneous stimulation may be created by electric and/or magnetic fields. The first location may be relatively proximate to the cutaneous surface and may comprise tissue, nerves and muscle. Also, the second location may be relatively deeper than the first location and include, for example, brain tissue that requires the transcutaneous stimulation for treatment purposes. The invention further may include locating a conductor on a treatment area and/or a transcutaneous stimulation device relative to the first location. In addition, the method may further include adjusting how much the transcutaneous stimulation is reduced at the first location.


Abstract : In 14 women who had spontaneous interruptions of pregnancy and who gave birth to dead or non-viable children, eleven(or 78.57%) are serologically positive in the microagglutination reaction for rickettsiae and pararickettsiae. In the control group of 14 women who gave birth to normal children at term, five(or 35.71%) had serologically positive or doubtful reactions for rickettsias or pararickettsias. From the placenta of a woman who had a spontaneous interruption of pregnancy, and from the organs of an immature stillborn child we isolated two strains of inframicrobes which show morphobiological characteristics resembling those of rickettsias and pararickettsias. The results of the performed examinations indicate that certain cases of spontaneous interruption of pregnancy and of stillbirth are caused by latent infection with rickettsiae or pararickettsiae.


Describes Pseudohalorites arabicus n.sp. (which is placed in the new family Pseudohaloritidae) and Metalegoceras hudsoni n.sp. from middle Permian limestone near Haushi, Oman.


Equations are derived for the separation of states in nucleons after the elimination of translational and rotational motion. A "shell-model" may be developed, under certain assumptions concerning the interaction, which permits an exact elimination of the center of mass. This reduction of the independent coordinates implies a corresponding reduction in the number of quantum states at the expense of the lowest shell. (B.O.G.)


This paper aims to discuss the issue of boredom, taking in account that the contemporary society, marked by inhuman exploitation of work, suppression of subjectivity and authenticity, emptiness, lack of references and bond weaknesses, have produced what we define as "pathologies of the emptiness". To approach this issue, the author conducted a clinical vignette in which was narrated a case that boredom, among other manifestations, presented constantly and, right after, reflections were woven in the light of historical cultural theory and psychoanalysis was concluded that boredom acquires an ambivalent character both as a defense that, when it manifests itself, communicates the movement of the search for oneself, and denounces the suffering of the people by living in an impoverished, mechanized daily life, filled with tasks and stimuli. It is indispensable to evolve this theme, through not only the social perspective but also the clinical, which faces intricate suffering boundaries in many occasions, demanding a flexible conduction by the psychologist.


The effect of counter‐rotating streamwise steady vortices on three‐dimensional Tollmien–Schlichting (TS) waves in a growing boundary layer on a concavely curved surface has been studied by using the method of multiple scales. The nonlinear evolution of the amplitudes with streamwise position has been obtained analytically. It is shown that the TS waves are amplified by the presence of streamwise vortices. The effect of combination resonance between TS waves and Goertler vortices is much more pronounced than the effect of parametric resonance between the TS waves and the periodic basic flow. The amplification rates increase with Goertler number and spanwise wavenumber.


Biomaterials are extensively used in bone defect recovery caused by bone diseases. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes have been reported to reinforce synthetic polymeric materials. The aim of the study is to test poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) loaded with different amounts of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to fabricate nanocomposites. Mechanical, mineralization, and degradation properties were studied in vitro. The proliferation and differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells were studied to determine biocompatibility in vivo. The incorporation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes greatly increased the mechanical properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) and the strongest composite obtained was at 2% multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The 2% nanocomposite also had higher rat bone marrow stem cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation characteristics compared to the pure poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate). The apoptosis in the later stage of rat bone marrow stem cells decreased in the 2% nanocomposites group at different time points. Based on histology and micro-computed tomography tests 6 weeks after in vivo implantation, the 2% multi-walled carbon nanotubes/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) treated animals had a higher volume of bone formation compared to the pure poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) group. Thus, the presence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes has an apparent positive effect on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) in assisting osteogenesis.


Subtitle: Carriers rep says pricing pressure from major retailers puts lines in a pickle when it comes to rates for Asian ag exports.


RAPID 2.1 is a digital data entry system designed to capture and store River Habitat Survey data in the field using a Tablet PC. The application will calculate HQA and HMS values for completed surveys. It can also be used as a desk-based application for entering and storing RHS data from paper field sheets.


Containing the ion exchange material, there is an acid and an acid forming material adsorbed adsorptive filter material from the air. The ion exchange material comprises less than 15% by weight of the cation exchange resin of H type and 60% or more by weight of a strongly alkaline anion exchange resin in the hydrogen form carbonic acid. Adsorptive filter material, sulfur dioxide, an alkaline anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin.


With increasing demand for higher computational speed & emerging micro-systems, thermal management poses serious challenge for efficient cooling. Among these liquid cooling, using micro channels has gained significant attention using single phase flow. These micro channel heat sinks combine the attributes of high material compatibility, high surface area per unit volume ratios & large potential heat transfer performance with fabrication Process. The various geometrical parameters affect the performance of the system. Various design configurations have been prepared & evaluated on the response parameters such as thermal resistance & pumping power. In this study, Taguchi Arrays are used to analyze the effect of various geometrical parameters & response parameters on micro channel performance. In addition, channel wall and base thickness along with type of material affecting the performance is also analyzed. Results show that channel width, height and substrate thickness at the base are the prime factors of concern. In addition, interactive effect of wall and base thickness is also found to affect the performance significantly & their low values for optimum performance is recommended.


This paper describes the efficient simulation model for fuzzy logic control of DC motor drives using Matlab/Simulink. Two types of controller that is PID and fuzzy logic controller will be used to control the output response. The scope of this project is to apply the fuzzy logic controller for position control of DC motor. The performance of the designed fuzzy and conventional PID position controllers for DC motor is compared and investigated. Finally, the end result shows that the fuzzy logic approach has minimum overshoot, which shows the more effectiveness and efficiency when compared with Conventional PID model. The PID controllers not have a good performance because of the non-linear features of DC motors like saturation and friction. Keyword: Fuzzy logic controller, PID controller, DC motor, Position control.


Simultaneous two‐state lasing is a unique property of semiconductor quantum‐dot (QD) lasers. This not only changes steady‐state characteristics of the laser device but also its dynamic response to perturbations. In this paper we investigate the dynamic stability of QD lasers in an external optical injection setup. Compared to conventional single‐state laser devices, we find a strong suppression of dynamical instabilities in two‐state lasers. Furthermore, depending on the frequency and intensity of the injected light, pronounced areas of bistability between both lasing frequencies appear, which can be employed for fast optical switching in all‐optical photonic computing applications. These results emphasize the suitability of QD semiconductor lasers in future integrated optoelectronic systems where a high level of stability is required.


Abstract A linear one-dimensional model is proposed to describe the river pollution resulting from oil spills. Two interacting migratory forms, water surface pollution and water body pollution, are considered. In the coordinate system moving with the mean flow velocity, the equations for the pollutant distributions are reduced to the type of a heat conduction equation with distributed unsteady sources. The solutions for oil concentrations, obtained in the form of the 'heat potential' are considered in two particular cases: (a) an oil spill in an open channel; (b) river pollution from drifting ice due to the melting of polluted ice.


A noted British specialist on Russia's economy reviews the rise of direct state control in that country's oil industry in light of international experience. The author notes Russia's unusual position among major oil-exporting countries in the extent of private ownership of its oil industry. The expansion of the country's state-controlled companies is analyzed and discussed, along with the relationship between state and private oil companies operating in Russia. The paper presents arguments to the effect that in current Russian circumstances the political elite's objectives of maintaining a monopoly on power and siphoning off resource rents may be served as well or better by private companies controlled by allies than by state concerns. It is suggested that any judgement that the oil industry will in time be wholly or very largely nationalized is therefore premature. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L720, P260, P280, Q400. 3 tables, 37 references.


The view that in a process analogous to that used by gland cells, synaptic vesicles are involved in the transport of the transmitter from the axoplasm into the synaptic cleft across the lipid bilaycr membrane of the terminal presvnaptic membrane. was initially based on the necesiity to find a way in which the transmitter can be released in molecular packets. In the original formulation of the 'vesicular hypothesis'. Del Castillo & Katz [l] assumed that the recentl! discovered synaptic vesicles contain the transmitter substance and that when thev. in their random movement, touch the presynaptic membrane at critical contact zones, they discharge their content by exocytosis; the prob~~biiit~ of contact increases v.ith nerve stimulation. This was not only a satisfactory explanation of the occurrence of both miniature endplate potentials (mepp) and of the quanta1 character of the evoked end-plate potential (epp) [2] but it also explained how the quanta are formed and stored in the nerve terminal for ready release. The demonstration that in cholinergic neurons synaptic vesicles effectively contained ACh (3. 11 considerably asserted the vesicular hypothesis: since then no other concept of transmitter release has been seriously developed as it seemed absurd to consider any other than vesicular transport. In the last few years, however, obs~rv~~tiotls were accumulated which seriously question the validity of the vesicular hvpothesis: ACh was found not only confined in vesicles but also 'free' in the cytoplasm at a concentration which would permit its release through a specific channel following its concentration or electrochemical gradient; such release would also be yuantal; the cytoplasmic ACh, and not the vebicular one is renewed during stimulation; enzymatic destruction of the cytoplasmic ACh blocks synaptic transmission: the replacement of ACh by a 'false' transmitter does not lead at intermediate stages to a bimodal distribution of 'false' and 'true' mepp: membrane m~~dificatiolis which were attributed to exocytosis of synaptic vesicles seem to appear too late to be responsible for ACh reiease. These and some other difficulties which face the vesicular theory would justify the elaboration and experimental testing of another model for the transmitter release. It appears however that the first step necessary to initiate such a research is to remox-e from the vcsicular hypothesis its aura of abs~~lut~sni and place it at the same rank as other concepts present and to come. The aim of this article is to present a short critical survey of the vesicular hypothesis. It is limited to cholineriic synapses, the only system where enough experimental data are available to seriously discuss this matter. Frarrcc


SUMMARY

Thermo-dormant lettuce seeds can be induced to germinate by small doses of far-red light. The dose-effect curve appears to be an optimum curve. After having been irradiated with a supra-optimal inhibiting dose of far-red the seeds can be reinduced by red light, the threshold red dose for induction being now 104 times as large as it is without the far-red preirradiation. It is concluded that the inductive effect of far-red light is mediated by an uncommon form of phytochrome which is considered to be also present in etiolated Avena seedlings and Sinapis seedlings, and in cells of Mougeotia.


We survey recent results on the exact dyon spectrum in a class of supersymmetric string theories, and discuss how the results can be understood from the macroscopic viewpoint using AdS2/CFT1 correspondence. The comparison between the microscopic and the macroscopic results includes power suppressed corrections to the entropy, the sign of the index, logarithmic corrections and also the twisted index measuring the distribution of discrete quantum numbers among the microstates.


This document presents the development trouser role. The first part is concentrated in the seventeenth century when the use of castrati was the main business in church music. Later in the same chapter is presented the development of women in opera, which so far was not a common practice, and how and why they dominate the opera after the castrati were not an accepted practice anymore. The following chapters contain demonstrations of trouser role's types. Each chapter is based in one role of an opera from a different period of history. From Gluck's Orfeo ed Euridice to Strauss' Der Rosenkavalier, the pants role is exemplified from a different point of view according to their importance in opera. INDEX WORDS: Opera, Castrati, Women in opera, Trouser role, Breeches role TROUSER ROLES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROLE IN OPERA FROM THE SEVENTEENTH TO TWENTIETH CENTURY


Donna V. Artusy is a graduate of Georgetown University in the School of Foreign Service, Security Studies Program. Her research focused on technology and national security issues, with a specific interest in cyber security and nuclear non-proliferation. She double majored in History and Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Previously, she completed the International Security and Intelligence program at the University of Cambridge, and she has held various internships at the Center for Strategic International Studies (CSIS) and the U.S. Department of Justice in Washington, DC, among others. Ms. Artusy has also worked at Wilson Sonsini Goodrich and Rosati, a private international law firm, and she additionally worked as a research assistant on nuclear non-proliferation issues at Georgetown University.


The development of RNA gene science research is flourishing day and day.The relative research of RNA was given the prize of Ten Evolvement by The magazine of Science in 2002.People discovered that double chain RNA can restrain the gene expression which contains the certain sequence.By using this character,people make gene silent strongly outside organism and initiate a new and speeding development life science research area.RNA interference technology arouses the interest of almost all research area of biomedicine.Because it not only posts the mechanism of gene silence,but also is the tool of analyzing gene's functions.RNA interference technology is meaningful to the whole human beings and it also has a bright application future.


On the basis of research on the total quantity, distribution and the water quality of reservoirs built in Hunan Province, and the water supply status, and water demand forecast in the cities related, key factors of reservoir water resources re allocation and city water supply shortage are analyzed. The principle and method of fuzzy mathematic multi level and multi factor comprehensive evaluation are used to quantify scientifically the water resources of rivers and lakes in 29 cities, and 67 large and middle sized reservoir resources near the cities. Meanwhile, three general patterns, i.e., reservoir water resources assessment, city water shortage assessment, and the assessment of city water supply way by reservoir, are proposed.


A long network delay leads to decreased player performance in online games and an unfair game experience between the players. In this study, we propose a novel delay compensation method to reduce the impact of network delay on player performance in online 3D shooting games. The key contributions of the proposed scheme are two-fold. The first contribution utilizes two deep reinforcement learning (DRL) networks, timing and direction DRL, to predict each player's sudden movement under the network delay. Specifically, the timing DRL outputs when the player will change the movement direction while the direction DRL outputs the indenting direction of the player. The second contribution of this study is to send each player's trained model to other players at the beginning of the game match. This research is the first to discuss how to transfer the trained model, as well as the effect of the model transmissions on the delay compensation performance in the band-limited paths. We evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed delay compensation using an online 3D shooting game implemented by Unity 3D. The obtained evaluation results indicate that the proposed delay compensation accurately reproduces the player's position, even under long network delays. In addition, the transmitted model can predict the player's position when the available rate for the model transmission is approximately 60 KB.


The possibility to support cleaners in a food plant with an assistant robot cleaner is currently being researched. Owing to the interactive nature of a robot with collaborative applications, it is crucial to design interactions that are adapted to allow cleaners to make the best use of these. In this paper, a speculative design approach is used to pursue possible ways to interact with an assisting robot cleaner in a food plant in the future. We report findings from studies that entail observations at three food plants and eleven interviews with cleaners, which then resulted in creating four speculative design concepts. Thereafter, two focus group discussions on the four concepts revealed further insights on future interactions. The final result contains six design recommendations and a future scenario describing user interactions with an assistant robot cleaner in the context of food plants. Finally, we discuss some of our impressions and future work directions.


In this paper, we analyze the undergeneration and overgeneration phenomena observed in the acquisition of -(rar)e potential complex predicates in Japanese, and propose that the intermediate acquisition stages can be explained by Murasugi and Hashimoto's (2004) v-VP frame analysis of the acquisition of causatives and agentive (di)transitive verbs. According to their analysis, children have knowledge of VP-shell at a very early stage of language acquisition, but they produce some erroneous causative, transitive and unaccusative forms in the course of language acquisition because they hypothesize that the small v is phonetically null, and they lexically realize the small v with the non-adultlike (incorrect) forms. Regarding the acquisition of potentials, Yano (2007a, b, c, d) finds that children acquire potentials in the early two-year-old. However, she also mentions that some children produce erroneous potential forms until 3;7. Extending her observation and the analysis based on the observation made by Shibuya (1994) and Arai (2006), we show that Murasugi and Hashimoto's (2004) v-VP frame analysis basically holds in the acquisition of potential constructions. Japanese -(rar)e potential forms are constructed by adding the suffix -(rar)e '-able' to verb stems. The vocalic verb stems take the suffix -rare, and the consonantal verb stems take the suffix -e in the potential constructions, as shown in (1) (Shibuya 1993, Kinsui 2003, Arai 2006, among others).


(75) Inventors: Jeffrey S. Roberts, Kirkland, WA (US); 5,307.351 A 4, 1994 Webster Stephen Scott Evans, Redmond, WA 5.432,781 A 7, 1995 Nimon (US); Michael D. Zoran, Redmond, WA 5.434,848. A 7/1995 Chimento, Jr. et al. (US); Edward F. Reus, Woodenville, 5,465,331 A 1 1/1995 Yang WA (US) 5.490,168 A 2/1996 Phillips 5,638,360 A 6/1997 Sugawara (73) Assignee: Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA (US) (Continued) (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 718 days. EP O 782302 A 7/1997


The numerous contributions to the study of syphilis in recent years have confirmed in many points the previous observations of a purely clinical nature; along other lines they have settled mooted questions, but they have caused the previous views in regard to treatment to be largely revised. The Wassermann reaction has been in use long enough to establish its place definitely as an indicator of efficient treatment. While a single negative reaction does not mean that the patient is cured, a positive reaction certainly indicates the presence of spirochetes in some part of the body. In a previous communication one of us 1 has called attention to the proportion of positive reactions in latent syphilis, and its relation to the intensity of treatment as carried out in this country. In cases of latent syphilis, within three years of the time of infection, 75 per cent. showed a positive reaction. In


Resistivity method has shown its effectiveness for groundwater investigations in many areas. In this paper twenty discrete electrical resistivity soundings, with maximum AB/2 of 750m, have been carried out in the area west Wadi El-Natrun, northwest of the Nile Delta, Egypt using Schlumberger array for studying the stratigraphic sequence of the different aquifers and delineating the factors affecting groundwater potentialities and movements. On the other hand, complete hydrochemical analysis of thirty six water samples collected from the available drilled wells have been carried out to assess the quality of groundwater and study the factors affecting its potentiality and extent of contamination. The analysis of electrical soundings delineated that there are different water bearing zones with varying thicknesses. The integration of these results with the available hydrogeological data indicated existence of four main aquifers distributed in the study area. Moreover, the water table contour maps of these aquifers through different periods indicate a frequent change in water level. The analysis of hydraulic parameters indicated that these aquifers in some parts are connected since the area is structurally controlled. The analysis of water samples illustrated that the main aquifer has been contaminated due to the effect of surface water irrigation.


The higher demands are needed for the medical students of the 21st century. Wi th the advancement of the times, the training of the medical English skills must be emphasized to cultivate the high-quality medical students. The goo d comprehensive and communicative ability of medical English of medical students make them meet the needs of the development of the medical science and the time s.


Abstract The Rouge Park is a large 46-km2 protected greenspace situated in one of Canada's largest urbanized regions, the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), an area that covers the Region of Halton, Region of Peel, Region of York, Region of Durham, and the City of Toronto. This article highlights the actions and participation of civil society groups working in the park and how they have been successful in utilizing citizen science and ecologically based arguments to legitimize their case for conservation and thus build broad public support for their goals. Using a typology of key environmental planning case studies relevant to the park, the article identifies three distinct ways civil society groups utilized scientific expertise to facilitate and enforce a conservation narrative. First they identified and utilized existing scientific reports, second they published their own reports/studies, and third they applied a hands-on approach and initiated community-based restoration and monitoring programmes. This article concludes that in community-level environmental controversies, science represents a powerful tool for civil society in the planning and land management regime in Ontario.


This study aims to construct a Bank Stability Index for public sector banks of India for the period 2011-12 to 2015-16. The purpose is to rank the public sector banks in terms of their stability in the banking industry. The overall stability index is based on five dimensions including capital adequacy, asset quality, profitability, liquidity and efficiency as suggested in the Report on Financial Stability 2016 of India's central bank. Both equal and unequal weighted methods have been employed for the calculation of an index. The empirical findings reveals that some of dimensions are playing relatively important role in determination of stability. Study found that the overall stability of banks increased sharply after 2013 and it reaches at maximum in 2014 then after it started to decline and continued to decline. Study also reveal that the stability of SBI and its associate banks have improved.


This article discusses the optimum induction condition of embryonic callus from Yunnan pine(Pinus yunnanensis Franch.) mature embryos treated with various concentration of 2,4-D and 6-BA on DCR medium after sterilizing with sodium hypochlorite solution.The morphological and cytological observation of the development of somatic embryogenesis is conducted,and various culture methods are used in the step of proliferation.Early proembryos were induced by adding ABA with high osmotic pressure of the medium.The results showed that after sterilizing with 5% sodium hypochlorite solution 20 minutes,explants cultured on DCR medium with 10 mg/L 2,4-D+1.5 mg/L 6-BA+500 mg/L CH+ 500 mg/L Gln obtained a higher induction rate,which is above 70%.Subculture with a small amount of previous culture medium can significantly increase the propagation rate from 20% to 50% or so.After adding 4~6 mg/L ABA in the medium,embryogenic callus would turn into PEM gradually.


The specificity of three major polypeptides (35, 33 and 32.5 kD) from Paragonimus heterotremus antigens prepared from ether‐extracted adult worms was tested against sera from heterologous infections as well as against P. westermani‐infected sera. Only the 35 kD polypeptide was not present, its antigenic determinant being bound to the antibodies from all P. westermani‐infected cases. Its cross‐reactivity against various sera from heterologous helminthiases and other lung infections showed that it is not bound to these antigenic polypeptides. These major bands cannot be detected by Concanavalin A detector. Our research encourages the pattern (35, 33 and 32.5 kD) of immunoblot reactions for the diagnosis of P. heterotremus infections; the 35 kD antigen is specific for corresponding species and able to differentiate infections between both species of Paragonimus.


In this paper, specific instructions of long–distance CP design were given with the example of some pipeline cathodic protection engineering project in west region. Meanwhile, the results were analysed and suggestions were given in combination with practices.


Significance
 This would require rebuilding bridges with some moderate figures, in order to gain support among the 57 million voters who rejected his party in 2018. However, it also requires a continuing deterioration in Bolsonaro's position.

 Impacts
 Lula's candidacy is not yet confirmed but looks increasingly likely.
 The centre-right has been temporarily eclipsed, but this will change if Bolsonaro's fortunes continue to decline.
 Bolsonaro may yet recover from his current woes if economic and health prospects improve by next year.
 Lula will draw fire for not wholeheartedly backing impeachment, given that he prefers a weakened Bolsonaro to another rival.