To compare the safety, efficacy and ease of administration of subtenon's anaesthesia with peribulbar anaesthesia in manual small incision cataract surgery(MSICS) and assess the surgeon and patient comfort. A prospective longitudinal study was conducted among 200 patients undergoing MSICS at a rural tertiary care hospital wherein patients were randomly divided into the two groups of peribulbar (P) and subtenon's (ST) block. After randomization, 200 patients were assessed for various factors including pain at the time of administration of anaesthetic, time to attain akinesia, patient's comfort and satisfaction score. 200 eyes of 200 patients who underwent MSCIS were divided into Peribulbar and Subtenon's group by random number table; of which 122 were women (61%) and 78 were men (39%). There was a significant difference in the amount of anaesthetic used, with the group P (8.37+1.19 ml) usage being more than the group ST(4.02+0.91 ml) (p<0.001). Group P took significantly lesser time to attain akinesia compared to group ST. Group P achieved significantly higher degree of akinesia than group ST. (p<0.001) Significantly greater number of eyes in the group ST required additional anaesthetic injection compared to the group P (p<0.001). A significantly more number of patients experienced pain in the group P. (p=0.008)Significantly greater number of eyes in group ST had mild and moderate chemosis and subconjunctival haemorrhage compared to group P(p<0.001). We found that subtenon's anaesthesia was an equally effective technique for achieving analgesia and akinesia when compared to peribulbar anaesthesia in patients undergoing MSICS.


The astaxanthin pigment was extracted from Procambarus clarkii and Solenocera agassizii wastes using a soilbean oil process. Extracts containing 22 mg of astaxanthin/100 g of oil and 104.2 mg of astaxanthin/100 g of oil were prepared fron crawfish (P.clarkii) and red shrimp (S.agassizii) wastes respectively.The 104.2 mg of astaxanthin/100 g of oil highest than those reported for other crustacean wastes. Therefore, red shrimp wastes has good potencial as a natural pigment source, notably in aquatic diets for salmonid fishes, laying hens and the yolk of their eggs.


Proper use of antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the rate of postoperative infection, but the administration of inappropriate antibiotics increases the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacterial species as well as prolongs the hospital stay, imposes unnecessary costs, and drug reactions. The purpose of the present study was the investigation of the rate of compliance of antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery with national guidelines in the gynecology ward of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd. The present study was a cross-sectional research that was performed in the gynecology ward of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd, Iran. The records of 200 patients were reviewed randomly. Patients' information was including personal information, type of surgery, type of prophylactic antibiotic, dose of antibiotic and time of administration. Finally, the compliance of antibiotic prophylaxis with national guidelines was compared and data analysis was performed using SPSS 22 software. The age mean of patients was 36.6 ±10.5 years. Out of 200 operations, 85 were hysterectomy, 65 cesarean, 30 curettage & abortion and 20 other gynecological operations. The present study showed that the highest compliance was related to the time of antibiotic administration.


Identifying the provenance of mineral dust depositions in Antarctica is crucial to reconstruct Southern Hemisphere (SH) atmospheric circulation, validate numerical models, evaluate their contribution as micronutrients in the Southern Ocean and assess their control on the climate changes. For the last few decades, it has been demonstrated Southern South America (SSA) is the main precursor of dust reaching Antarctica during both ice ages and interglacial periods (e.g. Gili et al., 2017, 2016). However, the origin of modern dust depositions on the Antarctic continent is still poorly constrained. Back in the nineties, together with SSA, Australia, New Zealand, and Southern Africa were firstly identified as dust contributors to East Antarctica (EA) (e.g. Delmonte et al., 2004a). Since then, only SSA and Australian dust sources benefited from detailed studies. While some works identified the Makgadikgadi and Etosha Pans as southern Africa's major mineral dust sources in the SH, it was not until recently the Namib Desert coastal areas were described as another important regional dust sources. Within the Namib Desert and along the coast, the Kuiseb (K), Omaruru (O) and Huab (H) dry riverbeds are the three main areas identified as the dustiest ones with the higher frequency of dust emission events (Von Holdt et al., 2017). Here we use Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes (measured on HR-MC-ICP-MS) to characterize and evaluate the influence of this region in Southern Africa as a dust source to EA. Samples collected in K, O and H desertic areas were analyzed together with snow samples collected along a ~250 km N-S transect (defined from the coast to inland) at seven different sampling sites in the surroundings of Dronning Maud Land, EA. In addition, using the bulk of the Huab region, dust aerosols were generated into an atmospheric simulation chamber (CESAM) to reproduce, mechanically the saltation and sandblasting processes responsible for the release of mineral dust in natural conditions. Our isotopic results show Namibia’s coast emerged as another possible source end-member, together with some regions in SSA, that supply dust to EA during warmer periods.

References:

Delmonte, B., Basile-Doelsch, I., Petit, J.R., Maggi, V., Revel-Rolland, M., Michard, A., Jagoutz, E., Grousset, F., 2004. Comparing the EPICA and Vostok dust records during the last 220,000 years: stratigraphical correlation and provenance in glacial periods. Earth-Sci. Rev. 66, 63–87.

Gili, S., Gaiero, D.M., Goldstein, S.L., Chemale, F. Jr., Koester, E., Jweda, J., Vallelonga, P., Kaplan, M.R., 2016. Provenance of dust to Antarctica: a lead isotopic perspective. Geophys. Res. Lett. 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016GL068244.

Gili, S., D.M. Gaiero, S.L. Goldstein, F. Chemale, J. Jweda, M.R. Kaplan, R.A. Becchio, and E. Koester (2017). Glacial/interglacial changes of Southern Hemisphere wind circulation from the geochemistry of South American dust. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 469, 98-109, doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2017.04.007.

Von Holdt, JR., Eckardt FD., and Wiggs GFS., 2017. Landsat identifies aeolian dust emission dynamics at the landform scale. Remote Sensing of Environment 198., 229–243.


Indoor mobile robot navigation based on the vision system is a hot research field in recent years.Structured light method is a kind of three dimensional measuring technology which is widely used in mobile robot vision system.In this paper,mobile robot obstacle detection system in indoor environment with linear structured light is designed,linear structured light which is projected in front of the robot assist camera to gather environment information.With the image processing algorithm,we can detect the change of linear structured light per frame,campare with the standard image to reach a conclusion that whether there is an obstacle and calculate the characteristic of the obstacle.


Recent timing observations of PSR J0045-7319 reveal that the neutron star/B star binary orbit is decaying on a timescale of |Porb/Ṗorb| = 0.5 Myr, shorter than the characteristic age (τc = 3 Myr) of the pulsar. We study mechanisms for the orbital decay. The standard weak-friction theory based on static tide requires far too short a viscous time to explain the observed Ṗorb. We show that dynamical tidal excitation of g-modes in the B star can be responsible for the orbital decay. However, to explain the observed short decay timescale, the B star must have some significant retrograde rotation with respect to the orbit—the retrograde rotation brings lower order g-modes, which couple much more strongly to the tidal potential, into closer "resonances" with the orbital motion, thus significantly enhancing the dynamical tide. A much less likely possibility is that the g-mode damping time is much shorter than the ordinary radiative damping time. The observed orbital decay timescale combined with a generic orbital evolution model based on dynamical tide can be used as a "timer," yielding an upper limit of 1.4 Myr on the age of the binary system since the neutron star's formation. Thus the characteristic age of the pulsar is not a good age indicator. Assuming standard magnetic dipole braking for the pulsar and no significant magnetic field decay on a timescale ≲1 Myr, the upper limit for the age implies that the initial spin of the neutron star at birth was close to its current value.


AbstractApplication of externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) in the form of composite sheets has received a great deal of attention in the last two decades. However, their efficiency in improving the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to near-fault ground motions has not yet been scrutinized in detail. Seismic motions near the fault rupture can be characterized by a large long-period velocity pulse at the beginning of the earthquake, causing severe damage or even collapse of code-compliant buildings. Although seismic design codes cannot adequately address the effect of these impulsive ground motions on structures, retrofitting of many important buildings located in regions near the active faults is high priority. Towards this, a numerical investigation is conducted in this study on the seismic retrofitting of existing RC building structures under near-fault ground motions using carbon FRP (CFRP) sheets. As the case study, an 8-story RC moment resisting frame ...


The passive autocatalytic recombiners,pressurizer depressurization function extension (prevention high pressure melt core) and containment pressure relief and filter releasing system are used as the prevention and mitigation measures of severe accidents to prevent and mitigate the consequences of severe accidents in CPR100 nuclear power plant,to ensure the integrity of the containment of CPR1000 nuclear power plant under severe accidents and thus to protect the surrounding residents from the dangers of nuclear radiation. Based on the spectrum analysis of severe incidents,the LBLOCA + loss of safety injection pumps,station blackout,loss of all feed water +anticipated transient without scram and MSLB + loss of containment spray are selected as the important severe accident sequence.


Another dental nurse writes an anonymous letter to a previous manager. Here, the very real perils of a toxic workplace


The following paragraphs briefly summarize the 29th an nual conference of the Travel and Tourism Research Asso ciation held in Ft. Worth, Texas. Conference registrants and premier TTRA members will automatically receive a copy of the conference proceedings when they are published. Stan dard TTRA members and student members may purchase copies for $125. Nonmembers may purchase copies for $150. Copies can be orderedfrom Lisa Carey, TTRA Executive Di rector, Host Communications, 546 East Main Street, Lexing ton, KY 40596-3071.


Chinese ancient poetry art songs are the product of the combination of Chinese traditional culture and music. The development of Chinese ancient poetry art songs in the broad sense has gone through more than two thousand years. From the "Book of Songs" to the present, it has also left a large number of valuable musical heritage. The artistic songs produced in Europe were introduced to China in the early 20th century. A large number of music creators combined Chinese classic poetry with modern creative techniques, resulting in a large number of outstanding works. Chinese ancient poetry art songs have a broad cultural heritage, strong appeal and unique charm. Applying it to the music teaching of professional colleges and higher education departments can not only improve the students' connotation and cultivation, but also help students improve their vocal singing ability, such as smooth breathing, grasping the wording, broadening the imagination space, control music expression and more.


The figure shows comparisons of room temperature measured lattice vibration peaks (black) [4] in BaFe2As2 with theory in which the contribution of the iron spin is not accounted for (red), or is included (blue) which clearly gives much better agreement. In the insets the red areas show weaker bonding (bottom) to stronger (top) associated with shrinking in the CaFe2As2 system as the iron spin is turned off.


Taxanes are extremely potent drugs, used in therapeutic regimes for breast cancer. However, the applicability is limited by the risk of cardiotoxicity. Guidelines define chemotherapy-induced cardiac dysfunction based on conventional parameters, such as left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) or fractional shortening (FS). Since normal EF or FS can mask LV impairment, our aim was to define other parameters, such as 4D LV deformation or biomarkers, able to diagnose early cardiac dysfunction, and to predict cardiotoxicity.

Methods: 20 women with breast cancer (51±9 yrs), without cardiac disease, EF>50%, scheduled to be treated with taxanes, were assessed at baseline, after 1st cycle, and at the completion of treatment (cumulative dose of 417±154 g/m2). Conventional and 4D auto LV quantification echo were used to assess LV geometry, EF, FS, and systolic deformation: radial, longitudinal, circumferential strain (RS, LS, CS), and area strain (AS). STE was used to measure LV rotation: peak apical and basal rotation (RotA and RotB), LV twist (LVT), and twist and un-twist rate (TR and UTR). Cardiac troponin I and C-reactive protein were also measured.

Results: After the 1st cycle of taxanes, there were reductions in longitudinal and radial deformation, and area strain, persistent after the completion of treatment, whereas LV dimensions, EF, FS, circumferential deformation, and rotation remained unchanged. On contrary, at the final of chemotherapy there was a significant decrease of EF (57±4% vs 63±3%, p=0.001), with no further changes of circumferential deformation and rotation or biomarkers level. A decrease of AS of 18% after the 1st cycle of taxanes was the best independent (r2=0.81, p=0.001) and accurate (100% sensitivity and 73% specificity, AUC 0.63) predictor of EF reduction at the completion of treatment.

View this table:

LV deformation and rotation

Conclusion: Assessment of myocardial deformation by 4D echo detects early LV dysfunction and can predict further changes in EF, and therefore, can be used to monitor taxanes-induced cardiac dysfunction.


This paper reports on a study of service users' views on Irish child protection services. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 67 service users, including young people between 13 and 23. The findings showed that despite refocusing and public service management reforms, service users still experience involvement with the services as intimidating and stressful and while they acknowledged opportunities to participate in the child protection process, they found the experience to be very difficult. Their definition of 'needs' was somewhat at odds with that suggested in official documentation, and they viewed the execution of a child protection plan more as a coercive requirement to comply with 'tasks' set by workers than a conjoint effort to enhance their children's welfare. As in previous studies, the data showed how the development of good relationships between workers and service users could compensate for the harsher aspects of involvement with child protection. In addition, this study demonstrated a high level of discernment on the part of service users, highlighting their expectation of quality standards in respect of courtesy, respect, accountability, transparency and practitioner expertise.


The agricultural sector could suffer the impacts of climate changes projected for the coming decades with consequences varying from one region to another. Given the primary importance of wheat and maize for Italian agriculture, it is necessary to adopt the most effective adaptation strategies to climate change. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration on the phenology and yield of the main Italian cultivars of durum wheat, common wheat and maize at the national scale, considering the climate, soil and crop management features in each cultivation area, with and without adaptation.
The CSM-CERES-Wheat and CSM-CERES-Maize crop models were calibrated and evaluated at the Italian level. The assessments of climate change impacts and adaptation strategies were made using a digital platform and high resolution climate data of two climate change scenarios related to a single climate model. The uncertainty analysis of the yield outputs associated with the different resolution of the input data was also performed. The results show increases of yield for wheat and a reduction of the maize productivity in Italy. Better results have been obtained using a fine resolution of input data. Irrigation and early sowing are the most effective adaptation strategies to climate change for wheat, while the incorporation of crop residues is an useful adaptation option for maize, especially before mid-century.


The Engineer and Logistic Staff Corps of the Royal Engineers (Volunteers) is a 'think tank' of around 60 senior civilian engineers and logisticians that provides a wide variety of specialist advice and skills to the British armed forces. It was the brainchild of the secretary of the ICE back in 1865 and, though still little known, it has recently provided support to operations and reconstruction of utilities in the Balkans, Afghanistan and Iraq.This paper explains how the unit operates and the tremendous value it has provided to mission planning and post-conflict reconstruction over the campaigns of the past two decades.


The differential diagnosis of malignant ascites by traditional methods has been recently challenged. We had studied 100 cases of ascites (27 were of malignant ascites) to evaluate the role of ascitic fluid cholesterol levels as a marker in malignancy.100 cases of ascites were studied with regard to SAAG, ascitic fluid cholesterol levels and fluid cytology. FNAC & biopsy was performed wherever mandatory to confirm the role of biochemical marker. We found The sensitivity & specificity of raised ascitic fluid cholesterol levels in diagnosing malignant ascites was found to be 88.88% & 100% respectively (cut-off value 70mg/dl), which was proved by cytology & biopsy (p = 0.005 was significant).So to conclude Raised ascitic fluid cholesterol levels can be used as an excellent marker in malignancy, the efficacy of which was proved on cytology & biopsy. INTRODUCTION Ascites is one of the most common clinical problems confronting a clinician and ascitic fluid analysis is the most effective way to diagnose it (Beg et al., 2001). The earlier approach in differentiating causes of ascites was based on the concept of transudate (ascitic fluid proteins <2.5 gm/dl) and exudate (ascitic fluid proteins >2.5 gm/dl). This concept has recently been challenged (Akriviadis et al., 1996) as it has certain limitations: i) The ascitic fluid total protein of most cardiac ascites samples (traditionally expected to be transudate) was high. ii) Ascitic fluid total proteins of most spontaneously infected samples (traditionally expected to be exudate) was low (Beg et al., 2001; Runyon et al., 1992) iii) The efficacy has also been challenged in conditions like prolonged diuretic therapy and, sometimes, in normal ascitic fluid too. Moreover, it offers little insight into the pathophysiology of as cites (Beg et al., 2001).The difference between serum & ascites albumin concentration (SAAG) is thought to directly reflect the colloid osmotic pressure gradient & indirectly the degree of portal hypertension (Bandar et al., 1997) Thus it has been widely suggested that SAAG is an excellent marker of portal hypertension than ascitic fluid protein concentration (Pare et al., 1983). Patients with a gradient > 1.1 gm/dl have portal hypertension while those with a gradient of < 1.1 gm/dl do not. The accuracy of such determinations is 97% (Runyon et al., 1992). However, SAAG is not able to differentiate between malignant ascites & tuberculous ascites (Alba et al., 1995), Fluid cytology has low sensitivity for malignancy as the differentiation between reactive atypical mesothelial cells and malignant cells is sometimes difficult (Jain et al., 1966) So there is a need for more specific & a highly sensitive new marker in presumptive diagnosis of ascites. Ascitic fluid cholesterol level, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 89.65% & specificity of 100% (Sood et al., 1995 & Jungst et al., 1992) promises to be one of them. An enhanced movement of plasma lipoproteins into peritoneal cavity could cause the raised cholesterol levels. It has also been suggested that a minor fraction of cholesterol in malignant ascites might be derived from cell membranes and thus contribute to elevated ascitic fluid concentrations in malignant ascites (Jungst et al., 1992) According to recent studies, using a cut-off value of 70 mg/dl, the specificity is 100% and sensitivity is 96% in diagnosis of malignancy (Rana et al., 2005). Thus, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic utility of ascitic fluid cholesterol levels in diagnosis of malignant ascites to prove the efficacy of these parameters with the help of cytology & biopsy. International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences ISSN: 2277-2103 (Online) An Online International Journal Available at http://www.cibtech.org/jms.htm 2012 Vol. 2 (3) September December, pp.79-82/Ingle and Ingle


he nation's reliance on computer software to run and manage critical business services has increased dramatically over many decades and only continues to grow. But with this reliance comes risk. The increasing rate of and impact from the exploitation of software vulnerabilities has caused billions of dollars of damage and losses to thousands of companies across the world. And the malicious compromise—or even accidental failure—of software threatens firms across all industries throughout the United States. For example, the NotPetya and WannaCry ransomware attacks caused tens of billions of dollars of losses globally, and the disclosure of the software vulnerabilities Heartbleed in 2014 (Lee, 2015) and log4j in 2021 (Tan, 2022) affected hundreds of millions of devices. The compromise of the SolarWinds software in 2019 (Greig, 2022) became a potent reminder of the fragility of the U.S. dependence on modern software applications and of the potential harms to corporate balance sheets, customer data, and sensitive government records. Moreover, an increasing number of modern software applications are being built on a foundation of third-party and open-source software components, developed by thousands of professional and volunteer contributors across the world. This complexity and decentralized nature of the modern software ecosystem mean that firms are becoming more separated from the oversight of the software that runs SASHA ROMANOSKY, JONATHAN W. WELBURN


Generalized cubes are a subclass of hypercube-like networks that are employed by a number of parallel algorithms. Linear array is common topology of multicomputer system. So congestion is very useful to improve algorithm performance for implementing generalized cube communication pattern on linear array. This paper addresses the congestion of generalized cube communication patterns embedding into linear array topology. For this purpose, the maximum m-induced subgraph of generalized cube is determined firstly, which is very important for discussing the congestion. Then an embedding scheme is described, and the congestion is shown to attain the minimum, which guarantees the optimality of the proposed scheme.


The Endotest is a simple device for monitoring the cuff pressure of an endotracheal tube. No complications could be observed during a 6 month period of usage in the daily routine. We found the handling very good and cuff pressure monitoring very useful.


This paper clarifies several issues that have been overlooked and misinterpreted in previous literature related to the active control of compressor rotating stall. This is accomplished via a complete, analytical, local stability analysis of the rotating stall inception point and the locally branched axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric equilibria. This analysis is based on the firstterm Galerkin approximation of the Moore-Greitzer model and it is valid for an arbitrary compressor map and a parabolic throttle characteristic. The analysis is generically performed for a rather large class of throttle feedback control laws. Each such control law is proportional to the rotating stall amplitude, raised to a strictly positive feedback exponent. The proportionality constant is a nonnegative feedback gain. It is shown that linear feedback renders the rotating stall inception point and the neighboring nonaxisymmetric branch locally asymptotically stable for any value of the feedback gain. Quadratic feedback on the other hand represents a limiting case of local control effectiveness and can at best lead to conditional local stability, that is, it can render the stall inception point and the neighboring nonaxisymmetric branch locally asymptotically stable only for sufficiently high values of the feedback gain. Finally, sublinear feedback, namely, feedback with an exponent less than unity, not only unconditionally stabilizes the stall inception point and the neighboring nonaxisymmetric branch, but also it reshapes this branch so as to locally mimic the stable part of the axisymmetric branch at the stall inception point. These results extend and in some places sharply contrast previous work on the subject that has dismissed such linear or sublinear feedback and concentrated mainly on quadratic feedback as a viable means of controlling compressor rotating stall.


A few enlightenments are gained by analyzing and studing from the "6.8" extreme rainstorm in Shan'nan in this paper. The purpose is reduce economic lose during a large flood and try to gain the initiative for floodcontrol headquarters, which will make floodforecast produce huge social benefits.


The manuscript presents an extension of the European Flood Awareness System to the African continent, using local GIS data sources, ERA interim, GPCP and ECMWF medium range forecasts. The framework is calibrated over 36 gauge stations. The performance of the system is evaluated with respect to the Kling Gupta Efficiency index while the predictability performance is evaluated with respect to the Continuous Rank Probability Skill Score. The paper is well written and organized. The system by itself is an achievement and leverages on previous papers by the same author and co-authors. It however presents this extension of the system without answering a particular scientific question, or it just remains unclear. The value of the system might be more emphasized by adding:


Radiation processing technologies for static and dynamic parameters modification of silicon bipolar semiconductor devices implemented. Devices of different classes with wide range of operating currents (from a few mA to tens kA) and voltages (from a few volts to 8 kV) were processed in large scale including power diodes and thyristors, high-frequency bipolar and IGBT transistors, fast recovery diodes, pulsed switching diodes, precise temperature- compensated Zener diodes (in general more than fifty 50 device types), produced by different enterprises. The necessary changes in electrical parameters and characteristics of devices caused by formation in the device structures of electrically active and stable in the operating temperature range sub-nanoscale recombination centres. Technologies implemented in the air with high efficiency and controllability, and are an alternative to diffusion doping of Au or Pt, γ-ray, proton and low-Z ion irradiation.


Arnold, J. E., & Griffin, Z. M. (2007). The effect of additional characters on choice of referring expression: Everyone counts. Journal of memory and language, 56(4), 521-536. Balota, D. A., & Chumbley, J. I. (1984). Are lexical decisions a good measure of lexical access? The role of word frequency in the neglected decision stage. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human perception and performance, 10(3), 340. Bock, J. K., & Warren, R. K. (1985). Conceptual accessibility and syntactic structure in sentence formulation. Cognition, 21(1), 47-67. Fukumura, K., Hyönä, J., & Scholfield, M. (2013). Gender affects semantic competition: The effect of gender in a non-gender-marking language. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(4), 1012. Hartshorne, J. K., & Snedeker, J. (2013). Verb argument structure predicts implicit causality: The advantages of finer-grained semantics. Language and Cognitive Processes, 28(10), 1474-1508. References Referring expressions: The monk calmed the girl. [The girl (NP)/ she (pronoun)] lost her mom.


Living kidney donors (LKD) for pediatric kidney transplant recipients (KTR) have a heightened motivation to donate for emotional reasons and the clear health benefits to the KTR. We hypothesized that the cohort of LKD for pediatric KTR (LKD-P) includes motivated young parents with a higher lifetime end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) risk compared to adult KTR (LKD-A). Data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant LKD Registry (2004-2015) was analysed to


The article is aimed at analyzing the quantitative and semantic peculiarities of Russian lexeme 'женить' and French lexeme 'marier' usage in the Russian and French folk-songs. The authors show ethnic peculiarities of these lexemes usage in folk-songs traditions and determine typology of the songs, containing these lexemes.


SUMMARY Parents' and children's reports of child and parent alcohol use and parental attitudes/practices were compared. Although the correlations between child/parent and mother/father reports of child alcohol use were significant, they were not high. Parents and children were similar with respect to their reports of overall mean levels of child alcohol use. There were higher correlations between parents' and children's reports of the parents' alcohol use. Comparison of the means of reported parental alcohol use by children and parents showed that children tended to underestimate the alcohol use of both parents.


Edge detection is a basic image processing operation usually used in the first stage of the complex image processing systems, such as restoration, and its quality has a direct effect on the performance of the systems. The extraction of correct edges from a noise-contaminated image or an image with severe deformation is a challenging task. The objective of the work of this thesis is to develop an edge detection method to extract effectively edge signals from the images with the edge information seriously damaged while being acquired in high dynamic range (HDR) scenes. To achieve the objective, an edge detection method based on a multiple-high-pass-filtering process scheme has been proposed. Each of the filtering processes is designed to suit one of the signal deformation conditions, and is applied to the entire input image, instead of the designated regions, in order to spare the computation of image segmentation. A fusion process is then performed to merge the gradient maps generated by the multiple filtering processes into one. A detection procedure has been designed for a typical case of HDR images acquired with three different kinds of deformations due to the non-ideal characteristics of acquisition device. Based on the study of the characteristics, three high-pass filtering processes are designed to generate gradient signals with different modulations. A simple selection algorithm is developed for an easy fusion process. The results of the simulation with different types of HDR images have shown that, compared to some of most commonly used detection processes, the proposed one leads to a better quality of edge signals from severely deformed HDR images.


Reading the chapters for this section of Social motivation: Understanding children's school adjustment reminded me of an incident that occurred about ten years ago when my older son was beginning middle school. With some apprehension, I was sitting in the audience at the parent orientation meeting, wondering whether I had made the right decision in allowing him to attend such an academically competitive private school. The headmaster approached the podium, scanned the sea of nervous-looking faces, smiled, and then said: "Relax, parents. We know that there are only two questions your son or daughter will be asking this year: "Where's my pencil and who's my best friend?". The insights of this headmaster reflect a common theme underlying the five chapters in this section of Juvonen and Wentzel's edited volume. That theme is that the academic outcomes of children and adolescents are integrally related to their social outcomes. Thus, the motivational psychologist concerned with individual achievement strivings also needs to examine how social relationships and affiliative concerns influence these strivings. Although the specific outcome examined and scope of the coverage are quite disparate in the various chapters, each in some way is concerned with social influences on individual motivation. Beginning when children first enter school, Birch and Ladd (Chapter 9) describe the young child's relationship with his or her teacher as a determinant of academic adjustment. Relationships characterized by intimacy, nondependency, and the absence of conflict appear to facilitate the young child's adaptation to the academic environment, particularly during the transition from kindergarten to elementary school.


Three coordination compounds of transition elements(Cu,Ni and Co) with N,N'-bis(o-vanillyidene)-2,6-pyridinediamine(H2L) were prepared in presence of methanol.The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis and thermogravimetris analysis.Compositions of these complexes were confirmed to be CuL·5H2O,NiL·5H2O and CoL·2H2O.IR spectra and UV spectra of the complexes are described.The results show that two phenolic oxygen and two imino nitrogen atoms in H2L coordinate to M(Ⅱ) ions.The cyclic voltametric behaviors of the complexes were also reported.


The International Roughness Index (IRI) is a widely used, internationally recognized index of roadway surface roughness. It is used by some agencies as a measure of network performance, for project level evaluation of pavement rehabilitation strategies, and as a key performance measure for end product specifications in new construction. While IRI data are used extensively, the raw profiles from which the IRI are calculated are generally not further analyzed. This paper explores the utilization of profile data from high-speed inertial profiler surveys for roughness design of a 30 km long two-lane highway on Vancouver Island by prioritizing areas to apply asphalt level course to achieve an acceptable riding surface. Pre-construction surveys of roughness took place in 2007. Construction, using an overall strategy of Hot In-Place (HIP) recycling combined with targeted application of levelling course, took place in 2008. Post-construction surveys took place in 2009. Data from various sections of the highway were sampled and actual post-construction roughness was compared to predicted post-construction roughness in areas with HIP alone and areas where levelling course was applied. In addition, an analysis of the reduction in various wavelengths contributing to roughness was conducted to evaluate the validity of the design assumptions. (A)


Summary We assume two DAS cable geometries of 300 recording channels that replicate the Oseberg PRM (seafloor array) and a deviated well (akin to that used in hydraulic fracturing). We calculate the longitudinal strain at each channel, subject to the amplitude relationships described by Kuvshinov (2016) , for P-waves and a coupled-cable to-medium case. The DAS cable's sensitivity across the medium is investigated for differing wrapping angles of helical fibre. We then test how a 3D event location performs in these scenarios and create probability density estimates of the mislocations. These findings and the future implications for DAS as a viable microseismic monitoring technique are then discussed.


Given the potential health benefits (and adverse effects), of polyphenolic and steroidal glycoalkaloids in the diet there is a growing interest in fully elucidating the genetic control of their levels in foodstuffs. Here we carried out profiling of the specialized metabolites in the seeds of the Solanum pennellii introgression lines identifying 338 putative metabolite quantitative trait loci (mQTL) for flavonoids, steroidal glycoalkaloids and further specialized metabolites. Two putative mQTL for flavonols and one for steroidal glycoalkaloids were cross-validated by evaluation of the metabolite content of recombinants harboring smaller introgression in the corresponding QTL interval or by analysis of lines from an independently derived backcrossed inbred line population. The steroidal glycoalkaloid mQTL was localized to a chromosomal region spanning 14 genes including a previously defined steroidal glycoalkaloid gene cluster. The flavonoid mQTL was further validated via the use of transient and stable overexpression of the Solyc12g098600 and Solyc12g096870 genes which encode seed specific UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs). The results are discussed in the context of our understanding of the accumulation of polyphenols and steroidal glycoalkaloids and how this knowledge may be incorporated into breeding strategies aimed at improving nutritional aspects of plants as well as in fortifying them against abiotic stress.


ABSTRACT Persian gardens have been an essential component of Iranian urban and architectural history for almost 2500 years. Persian gardens continued to provide provisioning services (i.e. food production) until the twentieth century when their status and role switched from productive to ornamental gardens. In this study, we conducted interviews and field surveys in a Persian garden in eastern Iran to understand how the use of edible plants has changed since the end of the 1970s. Although the production function is not the primary role of this garden, the results demonstrate that numerous edible species have been reintroduced. In addition, the marketing and branding of the fruits cultivated in the garden could be a source of income for the garden's maintenance. From an ethnobotanical and germplasm conservation point of view, this garden features key cultivars and plants that have been used in traditional Iranian medicine.


Our aim is to evaluate the performance of Reed Solomon (RS) codes when used to protect asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) cells (424 bits) over fading channels. The well-known Gilbert-Elliott model (GE) represents the memory-fading channel. Its parameters like transition probabilities are related to physical quantities associated with fading statistics (Doppler normalized frequency, fading margin, etc.). Analytical expressions for codeword error probability (P/sub cw/), residual error rate (R/sub er/) and cell loss ratio (C/sub LR/) are derived. The GE channel model is used to compare the performance of a large set of codes including those lengths that are 7,15,31,63 and 127. Contrary to situations where a binary symmetric channel is applied, the performance obtained is improved using short codes and imperfect interleaving. The Doppler normalized frequency and the variation of signal-to-noise ratio affect noticeably performance parameters. Also, theoretical and simulation results are compared to verify and to validate the accuracy of the GE model. In fact, simulation results obtained for a certain class of parameters seem to be in excellent agreement with analytical formulas.


Physical properties of scaffolds intended for myocardial tissue regeneration were studied. Mechanical properties and degradation rates were evaluated for degradable scaffolds composed of poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) crosslinked with polycaprolactone (PCL). pHEMA copolymerized with tetraethylene glycol as a crosslinker served as a control. Fibroblast cells were used for cytotoxicity tests of extract media from scaffolds. Statistical analysis of samples submersed in 0.1M NaOH concluded that as crosslinking density increases, rate of degradation decreases. We have shown that changing crosslinking densities of a pHEMA/PCL gel affects degradation in a predictable manner.


In deep mining,the problems of serious floor heave and large plastic area in mining roadway exist.In order to have an indepth understanding of the engineering problems arised,the central switching room of No 5 mining area of Donghai coal in Dragon Coal Group is studied.The support effect is analyzed by methods of field observation and finite element simulation.Results show that the displacement between the roof and the bottom is 100 mm in the experimental roadway,and the surrounding rock is stable as a whole.Corresponding solution shows that the bottom anchor support is effective to control floor heave.The result of this study has some reference value for the engineering practice.


Many researches have been dedicated to develop the induction motor drive control strategy used on the railway traction applications. In this paper we propose to investigate and to improve the electric locomotives by using a Field Oriented Control (FOC) strategy of induction motor drive. This induction motor can be powered by a five-stage neutral point inverter controlled by sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) due to good quality for output voltage and The use of fast switches. Both conventional and improved locomotives are simulated in Matlab/Simulink and compared in open loop conditions and closed loop conditions using IP controller, in term of torque response, current harmonic distortions and rotor speed response.


Child-rearing consciousness is the idea which has both positive and negative side, and has an important influence on mothers' child-rearing, so that children's growth and development of children as well. In this study we conducted a survey on 2151 mothers in all , out of whom 1122 have children at 18 months while 1029 have children at 24 months. We tried to extract the general which forms mothers' child-rearing consciousness and to clarify the factors. On the basis of preceding researches, we collected 56 items concerning child-rearing consciousness. By the KJ method, 22 items were derived. As a result of the examination of the face and content validity, 20 items remained. Through GP analysis, I-T analysis and factor analysis, 4 items of them were deleted because their factor loadings were 0.3 or less. Amongst the 16 items, 5 factors were derived. These factors were named "child-rearing happiness", "child-rearing stress", "husband's support", "child-rearing confidence", and "feeling of being need to a child". We tried to clarify the 5 factors. Factor of "child-rearing happiness" was related to Birth order and living together family. Factor of "child-rearing stress" was related to age of a child , birth order, living together family. Factor of "husband's support" was related to birth order, living together family. Factor of "child-rearing confidence" was related to birth order. Factor of "feeling of being need to a child" was related to birth order, living together family.


In the current work we investigate the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the field of gravitational waves. Starting with the simple case of an electromagnetic wave traveling in the field of a plane monochromatic gravitational wave, we introduce the concept of the surfing effect and analyze its physical consequences. We then generalize these results to an arbitrary gravitational wave field. We show that, due to the transverse nature of gravitational waves, the surfing effect leads to significant observable consequences only if the velocity of gravitational waves deviates from the speed of light. This fact can help to place an upper limit on the deviation of gravitational wave velocity from the speed of light. The microarcsecond resolution promised by the upcoming precision interferometry experiments allow one to place stringent upper limits on {epsilon}=(v{sub gw}-c)/c as a function of the energy density parameter for gravitational waves {omega}{sub gw}. For {omega}{sub gw}{approx_equal}10{sup -10} this limit amounts to {epsilon} < or approx. 2{center_dot}10{sup -2}.


Objective To attempt a registration approach of 2-dimension(2D) image based on image characteristic,in order to accomplish accurate fusion of 3-dimension(3D) from PET,CT and MR images one by one.Methods Digital format was converted after original data of PET/CT/MR input,cubic oriented scheme of "9-point and 3-plane" for co-registration was designed,and image fusion was implemented at real-time workstation Mimics based on auto-fusing style of information exchanged by signal overlaid technique.Results Cross-modality fusion from cubic images of,,and of patients' cranium,chest and abdominal were mutually practiced,complementary images of distinguishing nature and location of lesions between soft and hard tissue were simultaneously created.Conclusion Currently,this sort of multiple modality fusion is an essential complement for the existing function of single modality imaging.


Toy manufacturing is not the most important manufacturing branch in European Union however it employs 100 thousand workers. Moreover the EU toy market annual sale totaled to €14.485, and the products are mainly imported so it gives jobs all over world. Therefore Author studied international trade in toy branch, production and channels of distribution in the EU countries and especially in Poland, pointing on the threats for Polish producers and importers


Euphorbia hirta Linn, a representative of the Euphorbiaceae family, is a widespread annual herb found in wastelands in humid conditions. The plant is high in phytochemicals such as tannin, quercetin, and phytosterol, however there are few phytopharmacological investigations on it. Plant components are normally employed in traditional medicine to treat respiratory problems, gastrointestinal issues, wound healing, and other ailments. The steroid of E. hirta was found to have CNS depressive and muscle relaxant effects, as well as a sub-maximal anti-stress and anxiolytic impact.


Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanofibers fabricated by self-assemby have been used as active sensing layers in chemiresistive gas sensors for acetone, ammonia and water. Their response has been compared to that of analogous devices in which P3HT was present as a plain, non-nanostructured layer. The results of this comparison show that nanofiber-based sensors have faster signal decay times and complete baseline recovery even after being exposed to saturated vapors of the analytes. Moreover, the current response of nanofiber-based devices increases by one order of magnitude or more upon exposure to the analyte, while for plain layers this increase is about 50% at maximum. Finally, on the basis of the collected data, a correlation between the analyte polarizability and the 90% baseline recovery times seems to exist, likely due to the occurrence of just physical adsorption (and not also of vapor penetration) of the analyte onto the polymer surface.


The capability of the QqQLit hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer to profile endogenous metabolites has been assessed by the analysis of three different families of metabolites; nucleotides from bacteria and N-acyl ethanolamines and N-acyl glycerols from rat tissues.
Mass spectrometry methods were developed based on employing a survey scan, either precursor ion or neutral loss, coupled with full product ion spectra. This approach identified families of metabolites with a common structural core and provided the structural information for the reliable identification of known and unknown metabolites. By targeting structural similarities, this approach has opened the window of metabolites that can be profiled beyond the constraints of available references standards.
A method to profile phosphate containing endogenous metabolites, particularly nucleotide metabolites, was based on the identification of the phosphate moiety following collision induced dissociation. Employing a precursor ion scan, this approach was successfully applied to the analysis of nucleotides in bacterial samples Escherichia coli MG 1655 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A more comprehensive profile of nucleotides was observed compared to targeted approaches. Furthermore, a considerable number of additional analytes were identified which were unlikely to be nucleotides and probably result from other endogenous phosphate containing metabolites, demonstrating the scope of the approach outside nucleotides alone.
The use of this methodology was also successful in the profiling ofN-acyl ethanolamines and N-acyl glycerols. Targeting core structures common to each family of metabolite, the ethanolmine and glycerol moiety, precursor ion and neutral loss survey scans were successfully employed in identifying a wider number of these metabolites in various rat tissues than previously reported. The profile of rat testi was notably different from other tissues investigated due to the presence of MAG and NAB C22:5; analytes not detected in other tissues by this method. Furthermore, as far as it can be ascertained, MAG C22:5 has not been previously reported in rat tissues.
A quantitative method based on precursor ion - product ion transitions was developed based on the NABs and MAGs identified by the survey scans. By employing this method to analyze various rat tissues harvested immediately after death and five hours post mortem, quantitative data was obtained not only for a broad range of NABs and MAGs at basal levels but also an insight into postmortem changes of these analytes.


Abstract 829 The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in newly-diagnosed myeloma (MM) patients who received novel agent-based therapy and to explore possible correlations of MRI pattern with clinical and laboratory data. Eighty-two consecutive MM patients (43M/39F, median age: 65 years) at diagnosis were studied. MRI of the spine was performed within 1-2 weeks following diagnosis. T1-weighted, STIR and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sagittal MR images of the thoracic and lumbar spine were obtained with a 1.5 T unit (Phillips, Eindhoven, the Netherlands). Marrow involvement was characterized as normal, focal, diffuse or variegated. Microvessel density (MVD) was evaluated in marrow trephine biopsies at the time of diagnosis. The following serum indices of bone metabolism and angiogenesis were measured on the day of MRI: i) osteoclast stimulators [sRANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG), osteopontin (OPN) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha)], ii) dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1), iii) bone resorption markers [C- and N-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of collagen type-I (CTX and NTX, respectively) and TRACP-5b], iv) bone formation markers [bone alkaline phosphatase (bALP) and osteocalcin (OC)], and v) angiogenic cytokines [VEGF, VEGF-A, angiogenin (ANG), angiopoietin-1 (ANGP-1), angiopoietin-2 (ANGP-2) and bFGF]. MRI evaluation of the spine revealed that 34 (41.5%) patients had focal, 26 (31.7%) diffuse, 18 (22%) normal, and 4 (4.9%) had a variegated pattern of marrow involvement. Low-grade angiogenesis, as assessed by MVD, was present in 32 (39%) patients, while 33 (40%) had intermediate-grade and 17 (20%) patients had high-grade angiogenesis. Twenty-one of 26 (80%) patients with a diffuse MR pattern had intermediate or high-grade angiogenesis in contrast to 14/34 (41%) patients with focal involvement (p=0.01) and 12/18 (66%) with normal MR pattern (p=0.037). Patients had increased values of VEGF (p Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Two two-parametric families of densities generated by stable laws are considered. The uniform convergence by both parameters for the introduced families is established.


Dynamic characteristic of cymbal transducer has been modeled and analyzed with finite element method and ANSYS 5.7 program.According to the results of cymbal transducer preceding models analyzed, cymbal dynamic analysis has been done and displacement, velocity and acceleration curves of cymbal transducer be calculated. The relation curves of cymbal empty chamber height with its resonance frequency, displacement, velocity and acceleration curves have been researched. Cymbal transducer sample has been manufactured. The dynamics analysis results of cymbal transducer with ANSYS 5. 7 software are in good agreement with the measured results of cymbal transducer sample measured by POLYTEC PSV300-F Scanning Laser Vibro meter.


Objective To assess the relationship serum homocysteine and malignancy. Methods The content of serum homocysteine was measured in the 249 malignant tumor cases and 215 health controls by A/C Diagnostics Homocysteine Enzymatic Microtiter Plate Absorbance Assay. Results The geometric mean of serum Hcy is 118.48μM/L(95%CI: 116.40~ 120.56)for cases and 11.20μM/L (95%CI: 8.16~ 14.24) for controls. A remarkable difference was obtained between cases and controls(t= 27.307,P= 0.000). The difference was not obtained in the sites and pathology types (P 0.05). The risk of malignant tumors is 13.082 (95%CI: 7.544~ 22.685) with homocysteine by unconditioned Logistic regression analysis. The sensitivity and specificity were 91.16% and 95.35%, respectively. Conclusion Hcy may be used as a more accurate tumor marker for diagnosis of malignant tumors getting rid of influence by cardiopathy, haemal disease and diabetes.


Background: As compared to the flattened photon beam, removing the flattening filter (FF) from the head of a gantry decreases the average energy of the photon beam and increases the dose rate, leading to an impact on the quality of treatment plans. Objective: This study aimed to compare the quality of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment plans for esophageal cancer with and without a flattened filter photon beam. Material and Methods: In this analytical study, 12 patients, who had already been treated with a 6X FF photon beam, were treated based on new IMRT methods using a 6X the flattening filter-free (FFF) photon beam. Both 6X FF IMRT and 6X FFF IMRT plans used identical beam parameters and planning objectives. All plans were evaluated with planning indices and doses for organs at risk (OARs). Results: Insignificant dose variation was for HI, CI, D98%, and V95% between FF and FFF photon beam IMRT plans. FF-based IMRT plan delivered a 15.51 % and 11.27% higher mean dose to both lungs and heart than the FFF plan, respectively. The integral dose (ID) for the heart and lungs was 11.21% and 15.51%, respectively, less in the IMRT plan with an FFF photon beam. Conclusion: In contrast to the FF photon beam, a filtered photon beam-oriented IMRT plan provides significant OAR sparing without losing the quality of the treatment plan. High monitor units (MUs), low ID, and Beam on Time (BOT) are major highlights of the IMRT plan with FFF beam.


The kiln at Chollanamdo Kwangjusi Ch'unghyodong, which produced punch'ong and white wares for a period of 70 to 80 years in the 15th century, is examined for their scientific technological param-eters. Punch'ong sherds were divided into seven different groups according to the location and the layer of the waste mounds from which they were excavated. Optical and scanning electron microscope were used for microstructural observations and X-ray diffraction and polarized microscope for mineral characteristics. For determining the firing temperature, sherds were refired at different temperatures and their micro-structural changes were observed. Some wares such as the group CHE2 was high quality wares fired at high emperature around 1200 for palace use, but as the ceramics ware became more widely used and the white wares increasingly preferred over punch'ong, lower quality wares of rougher raw materials were firedat lower temperatures around 1100-1150 in quantity. They used local raw materials of several types, all available locally.


To the Editor: The article by Marx, Solomon, and Miller, entitled ''Gift Wrapping Ourselves: The Final Gift Exchange,'' and the article by Ekerdt, Sergeant, Dingel, and Bowen, entitled ''Household Disbandment in Later Life,'' both appeared in the September 2004 issue of this Journal (59B, 5, 2004), and both articles focus on the decision-making process for those in later life who are downsizing their residences. Such household disbandment in later life requires that the things collected over a lifetime be evaluated to determine what will be retained. This evaluation process is often time intensive, costly, and, indeed, stressful. Valued material ''stuff'' defines the individual, provides memories, and may even have economic value; but space is limited. Objects that cannot be kept must either be given as gifts, sold, donated, or trashed, depending on the personal value of those objects to the individual and family or their economic value. Giving these valued objects to others becomes extremely important in the process of household disbandment because the giver creates the gift's legacy for the gift's recipient. Those disbanding objects find pleasure in achieving a ''good fit'' with another household for their belongings. Gift rejection in the final gift exchange can be particularly stressful (or hurtful) because it feels like personal rejection. The authors do a fine job of making these points clear. I would argue that preplanning the exchanges, however, may buffer many of the stressors accompanying household disbandment because proactive adaptations, together with an understanding of an individual's life course, may delay or minimize stress. (See Kahana and Kahana's [2003] Preventive and Corrective Proactivity Model of Successful Aging.) One adaptive strategy is for the final gift exchange or disbandment to occur across several years rather than within a few months. Another is to encourage family members to participate in the disbandment process. An unusual model for proactive household disbandment comes from my mother, an artist and a successfully aging individual. An only child, her childhood was on the road, when her parents became migrant workers during the Great Depression. Mom accumulated much ''stuff'' that she uses to define herself. Her ''stuff'' is important to her. Always proactive, she has labeled sentimentally or economically valued objects with the name of the intended recipient and informed the family members. A formal dinner might be set with ''Buddy's silver,'' ''Janice's dishes,'' and ''Joy's goblets'' together with some good banter admonishing each other to ''take care'' of their respective items. Lately, Mom (aged 78) has begun actually distributing important objects. Ornaments that have hung on her Christmas trees now grace ours. These summers, she is sharing seeds she collected from ''her grandmother's'' garden. Objects that are given come complete with their story and their link to the family history. Still living in her home of 501 years, Mom is increasing her preparation in anticipation of a future household disbandment. This preparation will make the transition less stressful for all parties. The research on later life household disbandment and gift giving suggests that a high number of decisions are often considered over a short period of time. The household disbandment decision-making process, thus, is ripe for stress. To the extent that gerontologists can determine factors involved in the household disbandment process, decision making can be structured so as to ameliorate stressors involved in moving. The benefits attained will serve not only the older individuals who are transitioning and making decisions but also the other family members who are involved. Rather than serving as a time to disconnect family members, the process of household disbandment could serve as a time to reconnect families and their family history.


The Internet is a prominent medium that increases the efficiency of tactical export marketing activities. Given its open character, the question remains whether the Internet contributes to sustainable export marketing performance. From a knowledge-based perspective (KBV), we conceptualize Internet capabilities and investigate their effect on the knowledgeand strategic basis of export marketing performance. Data from 200 middle-sized industrial exporting firms confirm the short term efficiency effect of Internet tools as well as their indirect yet sustainable performance effect. Findings are stable across IT-poor and IT-endowed firms. . Track: International and Cross-Cultural Marketing


The authors examined the psycho-physiological effects of viewing short segments of 360° videos using a head-mounted display (HMD) in terms of the type of content and the viewing environment. Twenty participants viewed 360° videos with varying features using an eye-tracking HMD consisting of a smartphone fitted in a case containing optics. Ten participants were seated on a swivel chair and the others on a fixed one. As objective indexes, changes in the direction of gaze and body rotation (shoulder and head) were measured during viewing. As subjective indexes, motion sickness, emotional reaction and presence and immersion were measured. The results of the objective indexes showed that gaze tended to focus on the center of the screen when there was more camera motion. Further, chair swiveling increased head motion and horizontal eye movement. Results of the subjective indexes showed that the content type affected subjective symptoms of sickness and emotional arousal. Furthermore, chair swiveling augmented these symptoms and decreased the arousal level. In conclusion, it is suggested that the behavioral and psychological responses of viewing short segments of 360° videos using an HMD are affected by both the characteristics of the content being viewed and the viewing environment.


For a class of post-critically finite (p.c.f.) fractals, which includes the Sierpinski gasket (SG), there is a satisfactory theory of analysis due to Kigami, including energy, harmonic functions and Laplacians. In particular. the Laplacian coincides with the generator of a stochastic process constructed independently by probabilistic methods. The probabilistic method is also available for non-p.c.f. fractals such as the Sierpinski carpet. In this paper we show how to extend Kigami's construction to products of p.c.f. fractals. Since the products are not themselves p.c.f., this gives the first glimpse of what the analytic theory could accomplish in the non-p.c.f. setting. There are some important differences that arise in this setting. It is no longer true that points have positive capacity, so functions of finite energy are not necessarily continuous. Also the boundary of the fractal is no longer finite, so boundary conditions need to be dealt with in a more involved manner. All in all, the theory resembles PDE theory while in the p.c.f. case it is much closer to ODE theory.


A generic difficulty encountered in cost-benefit analyses is the quantification of major elements that define the costs and the benefits in commensurate units. In this study, the costs of making KI available for public use, and the avoidance of thyroidal health effects predicted to be realized from the availability of that KI (i.e., the benefits), are defined in the commensurate units of dollars.


This article addresses the effect of topographic structure of surface roughness on the flow of a thin film over a rotating disk. Six factors, namely centrifugation, surface tension, viscosity, air‐shear, disjoining pressure, and surface roughness, that affect the depletion of the film are considered. Depletion histories of a thin film are given for cases involving deterministic as well as stochastic descriptions of surface roughness. It has been found that surface roughness of the disk plays a significant role in thin‐film flow, and different topographic structures of the surface roughness lead to different asymptotic limits of liquid retention. The interplay of topographic parameters such as the height, skewness, and frequency of surface asperities on lubricant retention is also investigated.


ObJeotive To investigate the effect of communication on the satisfaction ofpatients receiving double-balloon enterosoopy examination.Methods 36 patients were divided into experimental group(n=18) and control group(n=18),and the satisfaction rat ofpatients receiving double-balloon enteroscopy examination were evaluated.Results There are significant difference of satisfaction rat between the experimental group and the control group(83.3%.vs.44.4%,x2=6.08,P<0.01).Condusion Communication with patients during the process of double-balloon oolonosoopy examination can effectivdy improve the pafienth satisfaction rat and improve the quality of nursing.

Key words:
Communication and the exchange; Double-balloon enteroscopy; Satisfaction


The current solid isotope production targets at TRIUMF can only be used to irradiate metallic materials with high melting points. In order to irradiate liquids, powders, and materials with low melting points, a new encapsulated target is being developed specifically for use on isotope production cyclotrons. This concentrically water-cooled target must withstand a 240 /spl mu/A@30 MeV proton beam. The target is a round container with a pocket to hold the target material; the target material is encapsulated using a thin foil, which is electron-beam welded onto the target. The cooling and the heat-induced stresses of the target are being analysed using finite element methods. The results will then be compared with actual measurements obtained using surface embedded thermocouples. The paper discusses the results and the current status of the project.


J[N 1985, Yves Grandjean and Sarah P. Morris, working independently, published a class of objects which scholars had previously variously identified as tuyeres (bellows' nozzles), cult objects, rhtya for libations, or torch stands.1 Grandjean, concentrating on material from the French excavations at Thasos, with specific reference to that discovered in the area of the Silen's Gate, discusses various earlier interpretations and stresses that, as a group, these objects are not uniform.2 He notes that variations in form and context allow different functions but prefers a "nouvelle interpretation", namely that they were used as supports to


We describe an program that implements propagation of information with feedback on rooted trees and prove it ideally and self-


New fabrication methods for topologically complex monolithic ceramic components with accurate dimensions are being investigated. A common problem in the fabrication of precision ceramic components is controlling the forming process to attain uniform density in the green body; otherwise the tolerances achieved with green ceramics do not carry over to acceptable tolerances on the finished ceramic due to distortion and warping that occur during sintering. One of the fabrication methods under study is the fugitive phase approach in which a sacrificial material is used to form the desired channels and cavities. This paper is a continuation of previously presented work and examines the lamination step of the fugitive phase approach. In the lamination step, the green, pre-sintered, ceramic parts are layered with the sacrificial material parts and pressed together to remove air voids. During pressing uneven pressure distributions can be created in the green ceramic and the fugitive phase parts are slightly displaced or rotated. A computational model of the lamination process is used to examine how the material plasticity of the green ceramic, computational boundary conditions, and pressing duration affect the resulting geometry produced at the end of the lamination step prior to sintering. The resting stress, plastic strain, and deformed shapes are examined and compared. This information is used to complement experimental investigations of the fugitive phase approach.


Why are images of the Trevi Fountain so potent and exploitable? Addressing this critically unexplored aspect, I draw on concepts from memory studies of shared and performative memory to reveal the shaping of the Fountain in eighteenth-century Rome as a powerful vehicle for prevailing ideologies, now masked by its many manifestations as a populist monument. First constructed as an ephemeral presence in elitist imagination to replace its medieval form, it slowly emerged as a showy edifice displaying potential for propaganda. I focus on the groups of fountain designers and their papal patrons who reconfigure water-associated myths in constructing the Fountain. It becomes a purveyor for their own and, unintentionally, future ideological discourses also assisted by its illusory design and gendered iconography. Sometimes the inventive practices of memory undermined official culture, and appropriating the Trevi uncovered ambiguities and new meanings generated during the production of self-serving papal pasts.


The school librarian focuses on process rather than product, which makes her a useful contributor to institutional change and improvement. She has three main roles: that of information specialist, developer of reading enthusiasts and manager of a resource centre. This article demonstrates ways in which these roles contribute to the enabling conditions of school improvement at school, classroom and pupil levels, and also the extent to which the librarian contributes to enhanced learning outcomes for students. It discusses some factors which currently inhibit the full participation of the librarian in the journey of the school towards school improvement.


Objective
To study the effect and reliability of 10d esomeprazole quadruple therapy on patients with Helicobacter Pylori.

Methods
108 patients with Helicobacter Pylori were divided into the therapy group and the control group randomly.In the therapy group, the combined use of esomeprazole(40 mg bid), bismuth potassium citrate(220 mg bid), amoxicillin(1 000 mg bid)and clarithromycin(500 mg bid)were administrated for 10 days.In the control group, the combined use of omeprazole(20 bid), amoxicillin(1 000 mg bid)and metronidazole(400 mg bid)were administrated for 7 days.4 weeks after the course of treatment, Helicobacter Pylori was reexamined, the rate of symptomatic relief and adverse drug reaction were recorded, and gastroscope was used to reexamine for patients with gastrohelcoma.Therapeutic effect and reliability were compared between the two groups.

Results
Helicobacter Pylori eradication rate after therapy was 90.74% in the therapy group and 75.92% in the control group(P<0.05). The effective rate of gastrohelcoma, symptomatic relief, and the rate of adverse drug reaction were 91.67%, 88.89%, 11.11% respectively in the therapy group vs. 85%, 83.33%, 14.81% in the control group, and there were no significant difference.

Conclusion
The HP eradication rate of 10 d esomeprazole quadruple therapy were higher than the standard triple therapy.The 10d esomeprazole quadruple therapy were effective and safe.

Key words:
Helicobacter pylori; Omeprazole; Amoxicillin


Tuning forks have been used as clinical pure tone generators since the middle of the nineteenth century. The development of electronic signal sources has fostered innumerable advances in audiologic diagnosis, yet the tuning fork remains in daily use by thousands of physicians, for rapid and reliable screening of auditory acuity.


In 1967, T. Brooke Benjamin showed that periodic wave-trains on the surface of water could be unstable. If the undisturbed depth is h, and k is the wavenumber of the fundamental, then the Stokes wave is unstable if kh ≥ σ0, where σ0 ≈ 1.363. The instability is provided by the growth of waves with a wavenumber close to k. This result is associated with an almost resonant quartet wave interaction and can be obtained by examining the cubic nonlinearity in the nonlinear Schrodinger equation for the modulation of harmonic water waves: this term vanishes at kh = cr0. In this paper the multiple-scales technique is adapted in order to derive the appropriate modulation equation for the amplitude of the fundamental when kh is near to σ0. The resulting equation takes the form iAT - a1Aζζ - a2A|A|2 +a3A|A|4 + i(a4|A|2 Aζ - a5A(|A|2)ζ) - a6AψT = 0 where ψζ = |A|2, and the ai are real numbers. [Coefficients a3-a6 are given on kh ≈ 1.363 only.] This equation is uniformly valid in that it reduces to the classical non-linear Schrödinger equation in the appropriate limit and is correct when a2 = 0, i.e. at kh = σ0. The equation is used to examine the stability of the Stokes wave and the new inequality for stability is derived: this now depends on the wave amplitude. If the wave is unstable then it is expected that soli to ns will be produced: the simplest form of soliton is therefore examined by constructing the corresponding ordinary differential equation. Some comments are made concerning the phase-plane of this equation, but more analytical details are extracted by treating the new terms as perturbations of the classical Schrodinger soliton. It is shown that the soliton is both flatter (symmetrically) and skewed forward, although the skewing eventually gives way to an oscillation above the mean level.


Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the main cause of acute viral encephalitis, primarily affecting children and young adults in the Asia-Pacific region. JEV is a vaccine-preventable pathogen, with four types of JE vaccine licensed in different regions of the world. To date, the most common JEV strain used in vaccine development and production is SA14-14-2, an attenuated strain derived from its wild-type parental strain SA14. In this study, we directly compared the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of SA14 and SA14-14-2 to determine the biological and genetic properties associated with their differential virulence. In susceptible BHK-21 cells, SA14-14-2 grew slightly more slowly and formed smaller plaques than SA14, but unlike SA14, it showed almost no expression of the viral protein NS1', the product of a conserved predicted RNA pseudoknot-mediated ribosomal frameshift. In weanling ICR mice, SA14-14-2 was highly attenuated in terms of both neuroinvasiveness and neurovirulence, with its median lethal doses invariably over five logs higher than those of SA14 when inoculated intramuscularly and intracerebrally. Interestingly, the neurovirulence of SA14-14-2 was dependent on mouse age, with the 1- to 7-day-old mice being highly susceptible and the 14- to 21-day-old mice becoming resistant to intracerebral inoculation. At the genome level, SA14-14-2 differed from SA14 by 57 nucleotides, including one silent G-to-A substitution at position 3599 within the predicted RNA pseudoknot for NS1' synthesis; of the 57 differences, 25 resulted in amino acid substitutions. Our data pave the way for the development of new genetically modified JE vaccines.


The oxidation and passivation mechanism and the passive behavior of nickel in molten carbonate have been investigated with impedance measurements, quasi-stationary polarization curve measurements, and scanning electron microscopy. The oxidation of nickel probably proceeds according to a dissolution and reprecipitation process. The slowest steps in the reaction sequence are probably dissociation of carbonate and diffusion of the formed NiO to the surface. In the passive range, it is most likely that dissolution of Ni{sup 2+} proceeds after diffusion of Ni{sup 2+} through the oxide layer. The Ni{sup 2+} is formed at the metal/oxide interface. This reaction is accompanied by the incorporation of an oxygen ion and nickel vacancy in the NiO lattice. The trivalent nickel ions and the nickel vacancy diffuse to the bulk of the oxide scale. The slowest step in this sequence is likely the dissociation of the carbonate ions and the subsequent incorporation of the oxygen ion in the NiO lattice.


Many successful algorithms, such as Asynchronous Partial Overlay (APO), have recently been developed for cooperative distributed problem solving based on the notion of coordinated mediation. In this paper we examine the impact of different strategies for choosing mediators with respect to the complexity of distributed problem solving and the difficulty in merging decentralized solutions. We present experimental results which challenge previously held beliefs suggesting that the appointment of highly constrained agents leads to a decrease in problem solving complexity. We show that, instead, choosing loosely constrained agents as mediators in order to minimize the expected size of mediation sessions can lead to an overall improvement in system performance on problems with particular properties. Analysis with respect to these properties is provided to explain the observed improvement, and the analysis is confirmed experimentally.


Aim: The aim of the present study is to compare digital images of conventional radiographs with the original radiographs for the image clarity of carious lesions, periapical lesions and endodontic files of various sizes. Material and Methods: 10 bite-wing radiographs


In this work, it is pointed out that in the mean-field version of majority-rule opinion dynamics the dependence of the consensus time on the population size exhibits two regimes. This is determined by the size distribution of the groups that, at each evolution step, gather to reach agreement. When the group size distribution has a finite mean value, the previously known logarithmic dependence on the population size holds. On the other hand, when the mean group size diverges, the consensus time and the population size are related through a power law. Numerical simulations validate this semi-quantitative analytical prediction. Received: 6 July 2009, Accepted: 2 September 2009; Edited by: M. C. Barbosa; Reviewed by: H. Fort, Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay; DOI: 10.4279/PIP.010002


Introduce the methods to build electric commissioning software for 840D sl NC system.The methods are based on the SIEMENS 840D sl HMI solution Operate graphic framework, and takes the design concepts of object-oriented and modularity via Qt and OpenGL technology, SQLite database and Visual Studio IDE.The whole design concept and software architecture were discribed and user-defined data auto-read technology based on SQLite database was illustrated in detail.Through the test of the commissioning software used for SANY precision machine OEM machine, this mothod executes the user-setting action successfully and exactly,and improved the efficiecy of commissioning ,shortened the delivery period of machine.


Definitions of parts of speech or lexical classes are often restricted to single words or "lexical items," defined as morphological stem plus affixes. This paper suggests that, for nouns, the notion "lexical item" can meaningfully be extended to any conventionalized expression meeting the semantic and syntactic criteria for nounhood, irrespective of internal morphosyntactic complexity. Taken together, the criteria for nounhood proposed here not only account for the properties of complex nominal expressions, but also shed light on the cross-linguistic behaviour of hybridized lexical classes such as relational nouns.


Employees are entitled to a minimum of 28 days' paid holiday, including bank holidays, although some employers may offer more. These matters must be covered in your written statement of the terms and conditions of your employment and in your contract. In addition, other types of leave may also be available


This study is aimed to examine the relationship between GDP growth and unemployment rate for developed and developing Asian countries over the period 1980-2010. This study has applied the Okun's law framework to estimate the co-integration dynamic and weak or strong Granger-causality for relationship between GDP growth and unemployment rate with ARDL approach. The results found that developed and developing Asian countries have achieved the negative sign for the long run coefficient as well as the short run coefficient between Unemployment rate and GDP growth. Hence, some developed and developing Asian countries still robust in the theory Okun but the coefficient values are higher than original Okun's law. Therefore, the new Okun's framework in the Asian macroeconomics performance is being existed in the developed and developing Asian countries.


This chapter evaluates aseptic meningitis syndrome, which is associated with symptoms, signs, and laboratory evidence of meningeal inflammation with spinal fluid findings that suggest a viral or noninfectious origin. Clinically, patients present with headache, nausea, meningismus, and photophobia, symptoms that are also common in patients with bacterial meningitis. A stiff neck, with or without a Brudzinski or Kernig sign, may be observed. Patients usually appear nontoxic but may have changes in mental status, including irritability. Other signs of possible viral infection may include pharyngitis, adenopathy, morbilliform rash, and evidence of systemic viral infection, including myalgia, fatigue, and anorexia. There are usually no signs of vascular instability, and the course is often self-limiting. Aseptic meningitis is a syndrome of multiple etiologies, both infectious and noninfectious. The etiologic diagnosis of aseptic meningitis is often complicated by the numerous possible causes and the lack of specific diagnostic tests.


One of the most valuable intangible assets of any organisation is its brand name. A strong brand commands intense consumer loyalty – at its heart is a great product. One of the strongest local brands of sweets in north Karnataka is Thakur Pedha. Dharwad Pedha is a sweet delicacy, unique to the state of Karnataka, India. It derives its name from the city of Dharwad in Karnataka. This sweet's history is around 175 years old. Dharwad Pedha has been accorded geographical indication (GI) tag. Its GI tag number is 85. In this study branding of Thakur Pedha in Hubli-Dharwad cities has been discussed.


Power to gas facilities (P2G) could absorb excess renewable energy that would otherwise 12 be curtailed due to electricity network constraint by converting it to methane (synthetic natural 13 gas). The produced synthetic natural gas can power gas turbines and realize bidirectional energy 14 flow between power and natural-gas system. P2G therefore has significantly potential of unlocking 15 inherent flexibility of the integrated system, but also pose new challenges of increased system 16 complexity. Coordinated operation strategy that manages power and natural-gas network 17 constraints together is essential to address such challenge. In this paper, a novel low-carbon 18 economic environmental dispatch strategy is presented considering all the constraints in both 19 systems. The multi-objective black-hole particle swarm optimization algorithm (MOBHPSO) is 20 adopted. In addition to P2G, gas demand management strategy is proposed to support gas flow 21 balance. A new solving approach that combines effective redundancy method, trust region method 22 and Levenberg-Marquardt method is proposed to address the complex coupled constraints. Case 23 studies that use integrated IEEE 39-bus power and Belgian high-calorific 20-node gas system 24 demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of the proposed model and optimization method. The 25 analysis of dispatch results illustrates the benefit of P2G in the wind power accommodation, 26 low-carbon, economic and environmental improvement of integrated system operation. 27


Finnish Road Administration launched a research program for road asset management in January 2003. Road Asset Management Research Program will continue for four years (2003-2006) and its total cost will be 2.8 billion euros. The main objective of the research program is to establish the necessary knowledge base and information management systems as well as systematic framework for effective management of the road networks. The research program will focus on the most important and controllable parts of the road assets (i.e. pavements, gravel roads, bridges and road furniture). In the future the focus can be expanded to all road assets. The research program started off slowly, but the speed has improved greatly and all the first years' projects have been started on schedule. Some of the projects will continue from the previous year and have been ordered and negotiated separately. On the other hand, completely new projects (5) have been in a competition. Participation has been active and 5-8 companies have taken part in each competition and the level of offers has been good. During this time, 20 companies have announced their interest towards the research program. From these 13 have taken part in the competition and have made an offer of a project where they would act as project leaders. Work has been ordered from 15 different suppliers. During the first year, the main emphasis has been on data collection and management. Within this research area for instance connection between old and new rut and evenness indicators have been defined and report on automatic damage indicators has been made. Also a report has been drawn up in order to find out the road furniture information needs and private road information needs. Service level classification development has been under investigation as well as development of test road follow-ups. In order to develop road asset management, new network and programme level models for roads and bridges have been developed. Also a study has been made on road condition and geometry and their effect on time and accident costs. Management of bicycle ways have also been one of developing issues. The information of those ways will be imported into road condition registry and after that their maintenance can be programmed with PMS (Pavement Management System). To increase the utilisation and issuing of road management data is one goal of the research program. Therefore a project has been started in order to develop and standardise guidelines and condition targets. Also a partnership agreement has been signed as to improve road asset management and its development. Total Highway Management is the fourth main research area of the program. A project has been started as to fit road asset management and acquisition together. One of the main issues in the research program is the observation of acquisition and its needs and how to integrate the available information with it. The research program is flexible and will be updated should the needs change. During the first year no particular needs for updating occurred. However, certain specifications will be made keeping in mind the new road and traffic data management framework. In practice this means that while defining projects, the role of Finnish Road Administration as an information and service provider will be highlighted. There will be a need for a project to discuss how to turn the information services into products. Therefore the research program will still need some specifications.


Apparatus for pressure saturation of a liquid with a gas comprising a gas-containing pressure saturation vessel (1), one or more nozzles (8) for injecting liquid into the pressure saturation vessel (1) at the top of the pressure saturation vessel (1) tubes (4) which are open at the top and closed at the bottom and are disposed beneath the nozzle or nozzles (8) in the pressure saturation vessel (1), one or more nozzles (8) being assigned to each-dissolver tube (4), and liquid outlet (16) beneath the dissolver tubes (4) at the bottom of the pressure saturation vessel (1).


The utility model discloses a remote control wall switch and an electrical-appliance remote control switch system, wherein the remote control wall switch comprises a plurality of keys, a first single chip, a first wireless transmitting module and a first coding module, wherein the first single chip generates a connection/disconnection signal of a corresponding controller according to the actions of the keys, and the signals are coded by the first coding module and then output to the first wireless transmitting module for transmission; and each controller comprises a first wireless receiving module, a first decoding module, a second single chip and a relay, the first wireless receiving module receives the signal, the signal is encoded by the first decoding module and output to the second single chip, and the second single chip controls the corresponding relay to connect or disconnect. The remote control wall switch and the electrical-appliance remote control switch system can be used for coding and encoding through connecting and disconnecting the signals of the controllers, thereby achieving the multi-circuit control of the remote control wall switch; in addition, the control method is simple to operate, and the anti-jamming capability is high. Therefore, the optional combination of the single-remote multi-control, the multi-remote, multi-control and the multi-remote single-control can be achieved.


Soil moisture at a horizontal scale of around 700 m and depths of 15 to 70 cm can be inferred from measurements of cosmic-ray neutrons that are generated within soil, moderated mainly by the hydrogen atoms in water, and emitted back to the atmosphere. The intensity of the resulting field of neutrons above the ground is sensitive to water content changes, largely insensitive to soil chemistry and inversely correlated with hydrogen content of the soil. Measurement of this intensity with a portable neutron detector placed above the ground takes minutes to hours, permitting highresolution, long-term monitoring of undisturbed soil moisture. The large footprint makes the method suitable for weather and short-term climate forecast initialization and satellite validation, while the measurement depth makes the probe ideal for studying plant/soil/atmosphere interactions. The intensity of cosmic-ray neutrons is also sensitive to water above the ground in snow, vegetation, or intercepted water, this water being in principle distinguishable from soil moisture. Instruments using this method are being deployed in the COsmic-ray Soil Moisture Observing System (COSMOS), which comprises initially a network of 50 probes (to provide a proof of concept) and subsequently 500 probes distributed across the contiguous USA. Additional COSMOS probes are also now being deployed on an experimental basis in the UK, Australia, and China.


The criticality of prompt and precise traffic forecasting in optimizing traffic flow management in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) has drawn substantial scholarly focus. Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Networks (STGNNs) have been lauded for their adaptability to road graph structures. Yet, current research on STGNNs architectures often prioritizes complex designs, leading to elevated computational burdens with only minor enhancements in accuracy. To address this issue, we propose ST-MLP, a concise spatio-temporal model solely based on cascaded Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) modules and linear layers. Specifically, we incorporate temporal information, spatial information and predefined graph structure with a successful implementation of the channel-independence strategy - an effective technique in time series forecasting. Empirical results demonstrate that ST-MLP outperforms state-of-the-art STGNNs and other models in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency. Our finding encourages further exploration of more concise and effective neural network architectures in the field of traffic forecasting.


Climate models are the main tool for making quantitative estimates of how Antarctic climate may change over the 21st century. There is high agreement on some aspects of the predictions provided by models, but improvements in understanding are needed in key components of the Antarctic climate system, such as sea ice and coastal ocean-ice shelf processes. In the near term (on timescales of a few years) the climate change signal is small compared to natural cycles (associated with phenomena such as El Nino), the remote impacts of which on the Antarctic atmosphere are difficult to predict. In the longer term (on multi-decadal timescales) the reliability of climate model predictions is limited by uncertainty over human emissions pathways, the realism of climate models, and feedbacks between other elements of the Earth System (e.g. ice sheets).


We analyze the phenomenological consequences of assuming that the 125 GeV boson measured at the LHC coincides with one of the two CP-even Higgs bosons of an effective Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model at the electroweak scale. We consider the two ensuing scenarios and discuss critically the role of the various experimental data (mainly obtained at colliders and at B-factories) which provide actual or potential constraints to supersymmetric properties. Within these scenarios, properties of neutralinos as dark matter particles are analyzed from the point of view of their cosmological abundance and rates for direct and indirect detections.


ABSTRACT The current paper focuses on the influence of initial large-sized inclusion content in the consumable electrode on inclusion removal during electroslag remelting (ESR) of H13 die steel. Considering the relationship between the inclusion size and the interfacial energy change of the slag/inclusion/steel system during the inclusion transfer across the steel/slag interface, the thermodynamic conditions for inclusion removal from steel to the slag were put forward. The results showed that the content of large-sized inclusions in final ESR ingot was decreased by approximately 13.66% with the increase in large-sized inclusion content in the consumable electrode from 11.36 mg/10 kg to 16.50 mg/10 kg. The interfacial energy change of the slag/inclusion/steel system decreases with the increase in inclusion radius during the absorption process of inclusions by slag, which is beneficial for inclusion removal.


No smoking. These words are becoming common in hospitals, which are increasingly turning smoke-free. But for the patient who smokes, these words only add stress to what is already a trying situation. Now, some hospitals are offering patients bedside support programs to ease their nicotine addiction.


A semiconductor random access memory device is subjected to a parallel testing operation to see whether or not a defective memory cell is incorporated in the semiconductor random access memory device; in the parallel testing operation, a test bit of logic "1" level is sequentially written into a first predetermined address of each of data storage blocks (MB00 to MBmn) by changing a column address, then, a test bit of logic "0" level is written into a second predetermined address of each of the data storage blocks by changing the column address again, and the write-in operation is repeated so as to form a checker-like bit pattern in each data storage block; after the formation of the test pattern, the test bits are sequentially read out from the first predetermined address of the data storage blocks to a read and write data bus system to see whether or not any one of the test bits are inconsistent with the other test bits so that the parallel testing is carried out on various bit patterns.


This technical report describes a python based on android application which provides adequate features to the all users to wish via message for any event to someone without remembering date. We have designed the proposed system named "Pocket Scheduler " in order to reduce human effort and make a person free in this busy and fast lifestyle by introducing through this automation system. This system can easily install and for this, the required space is very few, in range of kiloByte only. The use of this system is very easy. We store our required friends or relatives or someone else name with their contact no, proper event and date of occurrence into this system. The function of server is just like a postmaster but a little difference is there. Server of this system checks this record and sends the message for a particular date.


In order to cultivate qualified talents, many universities practice supervising system among undergraduates. This paper, in combination with the author's experiences, discuss the role of specialties of undergraduate supervisors in guiding and cultivating undergraduates.


The scalar-level implication in SQL becomes progressively important to support a new group of operation that needs set-level contrast semantics. That is matching a tuples group with multiple values. Complicated queries of SQL constructed using scalar-level operation are frequently formed to get even simplest set-grade semantics. This type of queries is not only challenging to write and also difficult with regard to database engine optimization, so they may result in expensive evaluation. To overcome this problem, in this paper we suggests to become greater SQL with a new predicates type, set predicates, to come carrying out the as an alternative easily understood semantics and accordingly ease the efficient and direct support. Here we suggested two methods of processing set predicates in this study: an approach based on bitmap index; another approach based on aggregate function. Aggregate functions find their usage for searching tuples which satisfy certain aggregate quality over a group of tuples (in contrast to just calculating an aggregate quality upon a group of tuples). The approach based on bitmap index might be used for eliminating the need for scanning and handling the complete data set (like a table) that ends in significantly speeding up the required query processing. Furthermore, we have devised a probabilistic method that is based on histogram for estimating set predicate selection, in view of optimizing queries having multiple predicates. Also, the experiments have verified the methods accuracy as well as effectiveness of optimizing queries.