We have investigated the electronic interband transitions close to the band gap of lnSb by observing magnetorefiectivity under uniaxial stress. The sensitivity of the experiment was increased by application of a magnetic-field-modulation technique. By this method we can resolve transitions from the conduction band to various valence-band Landau levels. The measurements were carried out with light polarized linearly along and perpendicular to the magnetic induction B ( E iiB and ElB ). In addition to well-known electric dipole resonances we observed new transitions induced by stress. These additional lines are connected with transition matrix elements which arise from lowering the symmetry. The observed transition energies are compared with band-structure calculations.


STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective review.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether 1) major postoperative complications ("complications") are associated with 2-year improvements in Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD) scores after scoliosis surgery, and 2) complications and preoperative characteristics predict 2-year improvements in CPCHILD Total score.

SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
Spinal arthrodesis can halt the progression of spinal deformity in patients with cerebral palsy (CP)-related scoliosis. However, these patients are prone to postoperative complications.

METHODS
Using a multicenter CP registry, we identified 222 patients aged ≤21 years who underwent spinal fusion from 2008-2015 and had ≥2-year follow-up. We compared CPCHILD score improvement between 71 patients who had ≥1 complication ("complications group") versus 151 who did not ("no-complications group"). Complications were deep infections, thromboembolic events, and cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal, and neurologic complications. Multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of 2-year postoperative CPCHILD score improvement. Alpha = 0.05.

RESULTS
At 2-year follow-up, the complications group had similar mean improvement in CPCHILD score across all domains compared with the no-complications group (p > .05). When stratifying by complication type, deep infection was associated with less improvement in CPCHILD Comfort and Emotions (p = .02), Quality of Life (p < .01), and Total (p = 0.04) scores. When controlling for Gross Motor Function Classification System subcategory, age, and body mass index, only preoperative CPCHILD Total score and postoperative deep infection (F(4, 176) = 14 (p < 0.0001, R = 0.24) predicted 2-year improvement in CPCHILD Total score. Higher preoperative Total score and postoperative deep infection independently predicted less improvement in Total score.

CONCLUSIONS
Postoperative deep infection and higher preoperative CPCHILD Total score independently predicted less improvement in CPCHILD Total score. Other major postoperative complications were not associated with differences in 2-year postoperative improvements in CPCHILD scores across all domains.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
3.


This research aims to know the effect of adopting IFRS 9 on the relevance of the value
of the accounting information of the companies in the Iraqi Stock Exchange. Researchers
relied on analyzing the financial statements of 10 listed companies for years 2016 – 2019.
Researchers used the Ohlson price model to test the relationship between accounting
information and value relevance. The research indicated that there is a significant relationship
between the adoption of IFRS 9 and the relevance of the value of the earnings and the book
value, but the earnings information is more relevance than the book value information, it is
due to the interest of investors in the income statement in making investment decisions.


La2/3Ca1/3MnO3(LCMO) and YBa2Cu3O7(YBCO,The superconducting material is the key point of the superconducting electrical power technology.) are the same type materials of the strongly correlated systems.This LCMO material belongs to the doped perovskite oxides of the type R1-xAxMnO3(R=La,Nd,etc.,a trivalent rare earth element and A=Ca,Sr,etc.,a divalent element).Formerly,the colossal magnetoresistance(CMR) have attracted great interest in these materials.In order to investigate the origin of this mechanism,vast research has been studied. However,whether the characteristics of this LCMO material can be changed if it was modified by some special method? The LCMO thin films were modified by using Micro-nanofabrication technologies.We present in this article the investigation on the result.


Associative classification (AC) is a branch of data mining that utilizes association rules (ARs) for classification. ARs are extracted from databases that satisfy some statistical criteria such as minimal support. However, in some practical applications, useful ARs may be found among infrequent, but closely related, itemsets that are filtered out by high minimal support. In this study, a new measure, named "condenseness," is presented for evaluating whether infrequent ruleitems that are filtered out by minimal support can form strong ARs for classification. For an infrequent ruleitem, the condenseness is the average of lift of all ARs that can be generated from the ruleitem. A ruleitem with a high condenseness means that its elements are closely related and can serve for AC even if it does not have high support. Based on the concept of condenseness, a new associative classifier is developed and presented – condensed association rules for classification (CARC). CARC generates ARs using a modified Apriori algorithm and develops new strategies of rule inference. With the condenseness measure and strategies for rule inference, more useful ARs can be produced and improve the effectiveness of association classification. Empirical evidences show that CARC mitigates the problems caused by setting too high/low minimal support and has a better performance on classification.


Recordings from ears with retracted tympanic membranes consistently show negative middle ear pressures, indicating dysfunction of the Eustachian tube. Using a Grason Stadler 1723 middle ear analyser which has a tympanometric and acoustic reflex capability, plus a Eustachian function test facility, 221 adult males with bilaterally intact tympanic membranes were assessed as to the state of their Eustachian function. The classical inflation-deflation test and Toynbee's and Valsalva's tests were not performed. The Eustachian function test facility was used and the ability to produce a deflection on the induced positive pressure curve on performance of the Valsalva and Toynbee manoeuvres, or the ability to vent an induced positive pressure was regarded as being evidence of positive Eustachian tube function. These findings were confirmed by exposing each subject to an increase in ambient pressure of 10 metres of water at which depth equivalent those subjects who vented or produced deflections on the positive pressure curve were found to be able to equilibrate their middle ear pressures.


Looking down from the upper level of a Parisian theatre during any summer in the belle epoque, an observer would have seen a veritable flower garden,, for fashionable Frenchwomen of the day wore hats adorned with velvet and silk violets, geraniums, daisies, azaleas, carnations, or, perhaps, a Belle de Lyon, Gloire de Dijon or Madame Carriere rose.' France led the world in the design and production of luxury items: jewelry, perfumes, fans, gloves, umbrellas, and artificial flowers and feathers of the highest quality, known generically as "articles of Paris." In the industrial development of France during the Second Empire and early Third Republic, Paris and its suburbs experienced a rapid expansion in the production of high-style, often high-priced, ready-to-wear clothing, accessories and other manufactured goods called "Parisian industries," which constituted an important segment in the country's export business.2 Many of the


The chapter explains the main changes in understanding, legal
bases and regulations, application and judicial review of the
discretionary powers of the administrative bodides in the Czech
Republic after the beginning of the third millenium and the EU
membership, especially under influence of european principles
of administrative law.


It is very difficult that complicated structure make sure the best structure through simple expressions in devising practicality.Through theory analysis and using Ansys Workbench,analyze the structure strength,optimize the structure of the product and conclude some pices conclusion ded-uce.


Open sharing of knowledge and public service,academic cooperation is a modern concept of open education.Quality Course Construction project's goals is through the construction of high-quality curriculum and assessment,play high-quality curriculum standards,high quality,high level of demonstrations and radiation,as a whole to promote and strengthen the university's teaching development and curriculum development,resource sharing.This performance try to analyze the problems that still existence based on performance of technology.


Although the utilization of Methane or Expander cycle configuration has been performed only in the close scheme, expander-bleed configuration allows a good compromise between performance and system simplicity. This paper presents the cycle analysis of a LOx/LCH4 Expander-bleed configuration for upper stage application using EcoSimPro/ESPSS, for steady-state performance as well as the expected transient behaviour when coupled with the expected performance deviation from an injector dependent model, resulting in an off design operational condition for the system requirement.


Determination of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol producing chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum isolated from durum wheat in different Italian regions Durum wheat production in Italy is economically of great importance. Fusarium graminearum is the main fusarium head blight (FHB) causal agent in wheat, reducing both yield and grain quality. F. graminearum produces several mycotoxins and, among trichothecenes, deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV) are the most studied for their toxicity towards humans and animals. DON-producing isolates can be further distinguished on the basis of the predominant acetyl-DON derivative in 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) or 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON). In order to evaluate possible mycotoxin contamination risks in food, it is very important to know which chemotype is the prevalent in a F. graminearum population. F. graminearum sensu stricto strains were collected from symptomatic durum wheat heads and grains of several naturally infected fields located mostly in Emilia - Romagna, The Marche, Lazio, Tuscany and Umbria. A multiplex PCR in the region of genes Tri12, located in the terminal gene cluster of trichothecenes, was used to characterize 187 single-spore isolates of F. graminearum as NIV, 3-ADON and 15-ADON chemotypes. All the three chemotypes were present in the F. graminearum population studied. The most frequent chemotype was 15-ADON (83.4%), followed by 3-ADON (10.7%) and NIV (5.9%). NIV-producing isolates were found only in Emilia-Romagna (3.5%), Umbria (33.3%) and The Marche (5.7%).


Soybean peptides is the hydrolysate of soy protein and a mix of low peptides which composes of three to six residences. Its molecular weight is below 1000Da.In this paper,soybean peptides was produced by mixed bacterial(aspergillus niger、aspergillus oryzae) solid fermentation with soybean meal as raw material. In this way,physicochemical properties and physiological activity were good in the soybean peptides production; high bitterness and poor taste were also overcome. The production has been widely used in many areas.


The use of information and communications technology (ICT) in everyday life has been increasing every year, and with it the need to promote digital literacy at an earlier age.
The theoretical part of the Master's thesis presented how well are schools equipped with ICT and introduces the SIO – 2020 project. The thesis had addressed the recommendations concerning the level of equipment with ICT infrastructure in schools based on the European Union framework DigCompEdu, which provided guidelines for the inclusion of digital technologies in teaching and described the competences that teachers have to develop in order to implement the use of ICT in teaching. This part addressed also the field of digital competences. It analysed the scientific bases for the didactic use of ICT in the first three years of primary school and summarised the analysis of the expert working group RINOS about the presence of computer science and information science in primary and secondary school programmes, as well as the expert group's study on possible changes. The thesis analysed how ICT was introduced in school systems in a few highly developed countries and in Slovenia. It also provided guidelines for the use of ICT in the first three years of primary school that are found in the latest curricula, and the presentation of a few cases of practical learning and teaching with digital technology.
The aim of the quantitative study was to determine how and how much teachers use ICT in the first three years of primary school for learning and teaching purposes and for knowledge examinations. We wanted to found out the teachers' and parents' opinions on the use of ICT in the first three years of primary school. We also wanted to found out what was the current digital competence of teachers who teach in the first three years of primary school in relation to their age, and how familiar were they with the various uses of computer programmes.
The research included 243 teachers who taught in the first three years of primary school for at least one year in the last five years, and 111 parents whose child attended one of the first three years of primary school in the last five years. The sample included teachers of different ages, which allowed a comparison of teachers belonging to three different age groups. The first age group included teachers aged 22–36, the second one included teachers aged 37–50, and the third one consisted of teachers aged over 50.
The study was based on a questionnaire, whose results were processed with the software IBM SPSS Statistics and Microsoft Excel. The research on the teachers' use of ICT for learning and teaching in the first three years of primary school showed that more than half of the parents don't support its use, whereas the majority of teachers support its use from the first grade on. Almost three quarters of teachers already used ICT, while only a small percentage of teachers were not sure about its use and did't intended to change their teaching methods. Younger teachers used computers more often than older teachers, however, they used other digital devices less frequently compared to older teachers. Almost all teachers used computer software in teaching, whereas almost half of them did't used computer software during knowledge examinations. Almost all teachers were interested in further improving their digital competences. Teachers aged 51 and more felt the least digitally competent. Young teachers made up the largest part of the group of teachers who though they had the highest level of digital competence within the DigCompEdu framework. Older teachers aged 51 and more made up the largest percentage of teachers who believed they will never be digitally competent, whereas younger teachers made up the smallest percentage. The majority of teachers believed they reached the B1 integration level.


Written by then CACA President Edward T. K. Chen and Vice President Albert C. B. Gee, in handwritten English, typed English, and handwritten Chinese.


In this paper,the author has summarized the NSFC(National Natural Science Foundation of China) funded projects from 1996 to 2005 in NUAA(Nanjing University of Aeronautics And Astronautics),and analyzed characters of management and existing questions in NSFC projects in NUAA.Additional the author has offered some advice on how to improve it.


Combining with donkey's years curtain wall construction and design for penman,the paper discusses the basic contents and methods for cut-surfaces back-bolt connecting,and the key elements for curtain wall construction.The key indexes and basic techniques for installation of frame-supported curtain wall and panel are given.


A facile and efficient method for the synthesis of a new series of 1-phenylpyrazole peptidomimetics 6a-f is described. Peptide bond formation between the 1-phenylpyrazole unsaturated carboxylic acid and the amino acid residue has been achieved using benzotriazolyloxy-tris(dimethylamino) phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (BOP) reagent and triethylamine (TEA). This strategy was found to be successful for obtaining the pyrazole peptidomimetics. Introduction The pyrazol nucleus in general and its chemistry have caught widespread attention due to outstanding biological activities as antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs (la-c). A pyrazole ring system represents a thermally stable, aromatic ring system which resists ring opening. Although very few pyrazole derivatives occur naturally, many are pharmacologically active (2,3). It has been shown that therapeutically active agents linked to small peptides or amino acid residues, reduce toxicity and enhance their therapeutic effects (4,5,6). It is supposed that an amino acid transport system in the cell can be exploited to deliver the pyrazole nucleus to target cells for the drug activity. Considering the potential of this pyrazole ring system, we undertook the synthesis of phenylpyrazole 6a-f employing the classical method of peptide synthesis. This paper reports the " To whom correspondence should be addressed


This study aims to identify the content of moral values contained in the Nagasasra and Sabukinten stories written by SH Mintardja volumes I through volume III. This research is a content analysis research with a qualitative approach. In this research the researcher becomes the main instrument of data collection. In the process of collecting data, researchers used research aids in the form of data cards and check lists. Data cards were used to record sentences in the form of conversations and portrayals of the situation and behavior of characters in the Nagasasra and Sabuk Inten stories. The captured data was then presented in the form of a statement in the form of a description of moral values. The results of the study found that there were good moral values and bad moral values that are manifested in various depictions of the behavior of the characters. Good behavior includes godly values (in the form of belief in the existence and power of God, surrender/ surrender to God, giving thanks, repenting, praying, and praying), loyalty (in the form of loyalty between husband and wife, loyalty of a soldier towards the king / leadership, and loyalty to the land of his birth), love for the country, love for the environment, responsibility, honesty, being respectful and polite, humble, and the delivery of moral values in the form of song. The bad morals were reflected in bad behavior, including not believing in the existence and power of God, cruel, greedy, immorality, cunning / cheating, arrogant / proud, defaming, stealing / robbing, low self-esteem, despair, and destructive natural. The most moral values found in the Nagasasra and Sabuk Inten volumes I through III are the value of helping (31.15%), the value of courtesy (26.23%), the value of God (16.39%), the value of loyalty ( 9.84%), the value of responsibility (6.56%), the value of humility (4.92%), the value of love for nature (3.28%), and moral messages in the form of song (1.64%).


A field experiment was carried out on Chinese garlic (Allium sativum L.) with three replications and nine treatments in the experimental agriculture station of National Research Centre at Nobaria, Egypt to find out the efficacy of different combination of foliar application of potassium fertilizer (K 38%) at (0, 1 and 2 cm/l). with three levels of nitrogen fertilizers (100% N, 75%N+25% bio potassium and 50% N+ 50% bio potassium) in its growth, yield and yield attributes. Results strongly showed that the addition of the highest level of N fertilizers (100%) improved plant growth, fruit yield, physical and chemical characters of garlic plants. In the same respect, the highest level of foliar spry of potassium (2 cm/l) gave significantly the best growth characters, total bulbs yield, physical and chemical quality of garlic bulb. The interaction between foliar application of potassium and N fertilizers levels had no significant effect on all studied characters.


Purpose – This paper aims to explore the Bribery Act 2010 and its likely implications for building surveyors. The paper also aims to report a small‐scale research project exploring whether building surveyors are prepared for the Act.Design/methodology/approach – The method used was a survey questionnaire completed by 53 building surveyors.Findings – The findings revealed that many building surveyors, while having heard of the Act, had no idea when it would come into force nor were they aware of what steps to take to comply with the provisions of the Act. The survey revealed that very few building‐surveying firms had existing policies to cover anti‐competitive behaviour or corrupt practices. The conclusion of this paper is that building surveyors need to review their procedures urgently if they are to comply with the provisions of the Bribery Act 2010.Research limitations/implications – The small sample size of the study suggests that some caution should be exercised in believing that such ignorance is typ...


from an ionically bonded entity, such as clay, to a covalently bonded biological one seems an enormous leap. Those interested in further reading on the subject may wish to consult the book Origin of Life by F. Dyson (also published by CUP in 1986), where several theories, including that of Cairns-Smith, are compared and contrasted. The present volume is well printed on good paper and is remarkably free from printer's errors, but one wonders how well the paper-covered boards binding will stand up to constant use. A list of about 300 references and a very good index appear at the end. R.C. MACKENZIE


In a retrospective, observational study involving 34 patients with Leishmania major infection, 31 of whom had experienced unsuccessful treatment with intralesional antimony (ilSb(v)), miltefosine proved effective. Thirty patients experienced cure after receipt of miltefosine, 3 after receipt of additional ilSb(v), and 1 after 28 daily intravenous injections of antimony. Temporary diminution of ejaculate volume was reported by 21 patients.


In Neural Networks (NN) applications, it is common practice to train several different networks and select the best one on the basis of performance on a validation set. There is a major disadvantage of such an approach: the network with the best performance on the validation set might not be the best one on new test data. In fact, the generalization performance on the validation set has a random component that is due to the data noise. An alternative approach to this problem is to use a combination of multiple NN classifiers. It is well known that such combinations can produce better performance than the best single network used in isolation. Several studies in different fields of the pattern recognition have experimentally shown that an appropriate combination of NN classifiers allows to capture complex phenomena, and to make decisions even with a great deal of information.3,11,12 The combination of multiple classifiers is a general problem in the pattern recognition area. Several methods for combining the outputs of multiple classifiers have been proposed: ensemble methods,14 boosting approaches,9 stacking techniques,27 multi-expert systems,2,16 and multi-modular architectures.3,13,18 A very rich synthesis of different methods of combining classifiers can be found in Ref. 28. An analytical framework to quantify the improvements in classification results that is due to combining classifiers is provided in Ref. 26. In this paper some contributions in combining multiple NN classifiers are presented. We give a combinational approach based on multi-modular systems for local diagnosis problem in the telephone network. In addition, we propose a combinational method for discrimination task using a fusion. The system validation will be performed on a disturbance identification problem.


The face, a crucial bodily feature, communicates a lot of information. Facial expressions, such as blinking and yawning more often than usual, differ from those in normal conditions when a driver is fatigued. A major contributing element in a significant proportion of auto accidents is driver inattentiveness. In recent years, this driver sleepiness detection method has received great praise and has been applied in several scenarios, such as visual attention monitoring and driver activity tracking. Studies show that inattentive and fatigued drivers are to blame for around 25% of severe highway fatal crashes, which is a lot more serious than drunk driving. In this paper, we suggest an algorithm that will see the face of the person who is driving and the eyes to be able to assess the degree of tiredness brought on by sluggish eye closure. Rapid prototyping of this participatory research and Innovation would be fruitful for sustainable communities.


During the last decades, anxiolytics and antidepressants (ADP) have been among the most prescribed therapies in all developed countries (1). In Spain a prevalence of use of 11.4% was communicated (2), slightly over the European average (3,4). They have potential addiction problems and side effects.The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of anxiolytics and antidepressants among patients who attend a Rheumatology consult, as well as the indication for them.Patients who were referred for the first time to the Rheumatology consult were included. Demographical data, reason for referral and final diagnosis were recorded. Regarding the treatment with ADP or/and benzodiazepines (BDZ), their duration and the indication for the prescription were recorded. Sample size was estimated for a 0.05% alpha risk. Descriptive, univariate and multivariate analyses (ANOVA) were performed in order to study the prevalence of these treatments, and their associations with demographical or clinical characteristics. The study was approved by the Hospital Universitario de Elche Ethics Committee.350 patients were included (women 77.1%, men 22.9%), mean age 58.1 yo. 40% were occupied and 31.4% were unemployed. The majority were married or lived with a couple (71.4%). Most of them had been referred for musculoskeletal pain (73.4%). More than a third (39.4%) were on BZD and/or ADP: 107 patients were on BZD (30.6%), 68 were on ADP (19.4%), and 47 (13.4%) were on both. The most frequent reasons for their prescription were anxiety, depression and insomnia. The final diagnosis in the clinic was a non-inflammatory condition in 53.1%, and inflammatory in 18%. In the univariate analyses, the use of BZD/ADP was not associated with civil status, but it was associated with female sex (p<0.001), unemployment (p<0.001) and non-inflammatory final diagnosis (p<0.001). In the multivariate analyses, the use of BZD and/or ADP was associated with female sex (p=0.002 [RR 3.4, CI 95% 1.6-7.4]) and non-inflammatory final diagnosis, specifically fibromyalgia (p= 0.007 [RR 16.1, CI 95% 2.2-120.7]).The use of anxiolytics and antidepressants is frequent in the patients referred to the Rheumatology clinic, and it's associated to female sex and non-inflammatory conditions, over all fibromyalgia.[1]Lagnaoui R, Depont F, Fourrier A, Abouelfath A, Bégaud B, Verdoux H, et al. Patterns and correlates of benzodiazepine use in the French general population. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2004;60:523-9.[2]Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad. Secretaría de Estado de Servicios Sociales e Igualdad. Delegación del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional sobre Droga. Encuesta sobre alcohol y drogas en población general en España: EDADES 2011-2012. 2013. Disponible en:http://www.pnsd.msc.es/Categoria2/observa/pdf/EDADES2011.pdf[3]Simó Miñana J. Utilización de medicamentos en España y en Europa. Aten Primaria. 2012; 44:335-47.[4]Khong TP, de Vries F, Goldenberg JS, Klungel OH, Robinson NJ, Ibáñez L, Petri H. Potential impact of benzodiazepine use on the rate of hip fractures in five large European countries and the Unite d States Calcif Tissue Int. 2012;91:24-31.None declared


With the constantly developing technology, the speed and accuracy requirement of communication systems are increasing day by day. Spatial modulation (SM) is a recent and promising technique which additionally uses antenna indices for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. In order to add another degree of freedom to SM's efficiency, transmit antenna selection (TAS) algorithms are a crucial field to study. On the other hand, use of artificial intelligence significantly developed in nowadays in wide variety of areas such as biology, robotics, automation etc. The main purpose of this study is to realize TAS for SM systems using deep neural network (DNN). Besides, the processing load of the proposed DNN is reduced without involving the repetitive parts of the TAS metric which is not studied in the literature as far as we know. It is shown that the proposed DNN based TAS algorithm outperforms existing studies in terms of symbol error rate.


Introduction Aim was to compare the functional outcome of anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) with stand-alone tricotical iliac crest auto graft verses stand-alone PEEK cage. Material...


Vaccination guidelines for patients treated for hematological diseases are typically conservative. Given their high risk for severe coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) it is important to identify those patients that benefit from vaccination. We prospectively quantified serum IgG antibodies to spike subunit 1 (S1)antigensduring and after 2-dose mRNA-1273 (Spikevax/Moderna) vaccination in hematology patients. Obtaining S1 IgG≥300 binding antibody units (BAU)/mlwas considered adequate as it represents the lower level of S1 IgG concentration obtained in healthy individuals andit correlates with potent virus neutralization. Selected patients (n=723) were severely immunocompromised due to their disease or treatment thereof. Nevertheless, more than 50% of patients obtained S1 IgG ≥300 BAU/ml after 2-dose mRNA-1273. All patients with sickle cell disease or chronic myeloid leukemia obtained adequate antibody concentrations.Around 70% ofpatients with chronic graftversushostdisease (GvHD), multiple myeloma, or untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) obtained S1 IgG≥300 BAU/ml.Ruxolitinib or hypomethylating therapy but not high-dose chemotherapy blunted responses in myeloid malignancies. Responses inlymphoma patients, CLL patients on ibrutinib, and chimeric antigen receptor T cell recipients were low.The minimal time-interval after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) to reach adequate concentrations was <2 months for multiple myeloma, 8 months for lymphoma, and 4-6 months after allogeneic HCT.Serum IgG4, absolute B and NK cell number and number of immunosuppressants predicted S1 IgG ≥300 BAU/ml. Hematology patients on chemotherapy, shortly after HCT, or with chronic GvHD should not be precluded from vaccination. Netherlands Trial Register NL9553.


The International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry has announced formal verification of four new chemical elements, recognizing the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory and its collaborators for the discovery of elements 115 and 117.


Abstract Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare, high-grade, T-cell neoplasm classified into cutaneous primary, systemic primary ALK-positive (ALK + ), systemic primary ALK-negative, or breast-implant associated. Secondary involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) by systemic primary ALK + ALCL is a rare occurrence. We present a case of CNS involvement by ALK + ALCL eleven years after diagnosis of the primary tumor in the thoracic vertebra. The anatomopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of ALK + ALCL. A brief review of the treatment and the clinical and pathological aspects is presented.


Electron spin resonance of Fe 3+ and Mn 2+ ions in antiferromagnetic FeCl 2 was investigated at low temperatures using various microwave frequencies and pulsed magnetic fields. Experimental results show that these impurities in FeCl 2 occupy mainly the substitutional position and couple with host Fe 2+ spins by rather weak exchange interaction. Using the metamagnetic properties of FeCl 2 , these resonances were investigated both above and below the critical field H c . The intralayer and interlayer exchange field H 1 and H 2 of these impurities were found by analysis to be


Heise et al. find that the NF-κB subunits c-REL and RELA in B cells play distinct roles during the germinal center reaction. While RELA stimulates the emergence of plasma cells from the germinal center, c-REL supports maintenance of the reaction over time, possibly by inducing a metabolic gene program connected to cell proliferation.


Profiles are central to Legacy's identity and mission. Although they are much shorter than regular scholarly essays and do not appear in every issue, they remain one of the journal's most unique and important features. The original intent of the Profiles was to bring to readers' attention "forgotten texts, authors, and ways of writing" (Cutter I: 3), to "raise and preserve readers' awareness of and interest in writers who might otherwise have lapsed into oblivion" (Warren I: 4). In doing so, the Profiles have pushed readers continually to interrogate their categories and frameworks, thereby giving shape to the field. As more than one person notes in the Roundtable conversations published in this issue, the Profiles have provided scholars with a testing ground for new material, which often has led to major critical and biographical studies. They are also one of the most obvious ways that Legacy has served as a venue for the crucial work of recovery so central to creating and sustaining the study of American women writers. "Profiles," writes Pattie Cowell, "provide direct links to bodies of texts too often omitted from discussions of literary histories and canons" (I: 4). At their best, the Profiles have "made it clear that no single paradigm or narrative could account for the writing American women have penned, and that to try to impose one not only flattened what is actually there but deflected attention from the diverse, often conflicting alliances, commitments, and identities of those women and their work" (Zagarell I:1). They are one of Legacy's special features that sets it apart from other journals: "Its pages include the archive," publishing bio-bibliographical information, images of, and selections from the work of writers of interest to scholars in the field (Cowell I: 4). Since the journal's inception, however--and in part as a result of the journal's success--the study of US women writers has expanded exponentially. As we continue the work of interrogating categories and frameworks, then, we must also consider how the Profiles feature might evolve to better serve our needs and to answer the new kinds of questions we are asking. Carla Mulford points out that "[m]any early American women writers' contributions remain understudied because they don't really fit into the prototypical model of the Profiles that Legacy offers," which was "designed for certain kinds of women writers and certain kinds of archives. ... [P]re-nineteenth-century women, many of whom eschewed print media and 'publicity,' differ to a great extent from the expectations of what should be offered in a Profile" (II: 6). …


With over one-third of the world's population currently infected with M. tuberculosis, there is an increasing need to develop novel vaccines and immunotherapies. Better understanding of the early immune responses in the lung is crucial for this purpose. We have shown that Programmed Death-1 (PD-1), a co-inhibitory receptor that is known to negatively regulate adaptive immune responses, is crucial for the development of a protective host response against M. tuberculosis. PD-1 deficient mice are extremely sensitive to tuberculosis, show uncontrolled bacterial proliferation in the lung and develop severe necrotic pneumonia, with dramatically reduced survival. Cytokine responses in the lungs of PD-1-/- and wild-type mice were profoundly different, indicating a significantly altered inflammatory response in the absence of PD-1. PD-1 blockade in wild-type mice after M. tuberculosis infection resulted in decreased survival, suggesting that immunotherapeutic approaches targeting PD-1 blockade should be considered cautiously. By studying genetically modified mouse models that have altered PD-1 or PD-L expression, our data show differential contributions of PD-L1 and PD-L2 to the immune regulatory role of PD-1 observed in tuberculosis. By providing the mechanism on the immune regulatory role of PD-1 in tuberculosis, our data will allow for the identification of novel therapeutic targets, which can be of great value for future immunotherapy.


SUMMARY

1. Several models predict that elevated levels of zooplanktivory will promote increases in phytoplankton abundance and corresponding decreases in water clarity. Because estimates of zooplanktivorous fish abundance are logistically difficult, empirical testing of these models has been limited. Our goal was to examine whether the impact of mysids and larval chaoborids on their herbivorous zooplankton prey is either transmitted to, or becomes uncoupled at, the phytoplankton and water quality levels.

2. A secondary analysis of ninety-eight correlation coefficients from twenty-five published and unpublished data sets indicated that on average 71% of all correlations agreed with the predictions of top-down trophic interactions, although most did so with only marginal or weak support.

3. Potential confounding by variable nutrient concentrations, alternative determinants of water clarity and omnivory may complicate simple interpretation of the influence of pelagic invertebrates on zooplankton in lakes.


A novel peer-to-peer (P2P) market design is proposed in this work for the distribution grid level. Envisioning that the grid constraints violations are the major challenge for P2P energy sharing, we propose these to be handled through the ancillary service (AS) market. By calculating the decomposable distribution locational marginal prices (DLMPs), the essential price signals of procuring ASs can be recovered to determine the grid usage prices (GUPs) to each P2P transaction. Hence, the GUPs, due to their decomposable properties, act as incentive signals for the P2P market to support the grid operation in terms of loss reduction, voltage support and congestion management. The proposed market design comprises i) an interactive market design of P2P trade & AS and, ii) a fully distributed peer-centric market-clearing model for P2P energy trade. The duality analysis provides the composition of market equilibrium prices of P2P trading and their interpretations. The case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed P2P trade to support grid operational objectives.


Evidence from 5 systematic reviews, 3 randomized controlled trials, and 4 observational studies provide inconsistent evidence regarding the comparative efficacy and safety of antipsychotic drugs and benzodiazepines for adults with acute aggression or agitation requiring rapid tranquilization in emergency department or mental health inpatient settings.
Overall, the evidence came from low- to moderate-quality studies. Some studies suggested different antipsychotic drugs and benzodiazepines, alone or in combination, have similar efficacy, whereas others favoured one treatment over another.
No studies differentiated between adults aged 18 to 64 years and those older than 65 years. Most studies included mixed ages or excluded patients older than 75 years.
No studies differentiated between aggression or agitation associated with psychiatric illness and other etiologies such as alcohol intoxication.
One guideline suggests initial treatment with intramuscular lorazepam, promethazine, or 1 of aripiprazole, droperidol, or olanzapine. If the desired outcome is not achieved with monotherapy, the guideline recommends an intramuscular combination of either promethazine plus haloperidol or lorazepam plus haloperidol.


Background: The most common complication of spinal anaesthesia in parturients is hypotension and subsequent risk of decreased uteroplacental perfusion.During caesarean delivery maternal position is particularly important as it can affect the spread of the block resulting in variable incidence of hypotension. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of parturient's position on quality of block during induction of spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery in traditional sitting and Hamstring stretch positions and their comparison with regards to differences in haemodynamic parameters, degree of hypotension, patient's comfort and number of needle-bone contacts. Material & Methods : One hundred twenty ASA physical status I and II parturients undergoing elective caesarean delivery were randomised to receive spinal anaesthesia in traditional sitting position (Group S) or Hamstring stretch position (Group H). Using L 3 -L 4 interspace, parturients received intrathecal 1.5ml (0.5%) hyperbaric bupivacaine with 25mcg fentanyl, after which they were immediately placed in supine position. Perioperatively heart rate, changes in blood pressure (systolic, diastolic & mean), onset of sensory and motor block, ephedrine & atropine requirement were recorded. Quality of parturient's anatomical landmarks was assessed by number of needle-bone contacts. Maternal hypotension was defined as systolic blood pressure 30mm Hg or a fall in mean arterial pressure by >20% from baseline. Results : Parturients in Group Hexperienced more fall in systolic blood pressure (Mean±SD) 113.90 ± 8.58 mmHg as compared to those in Group S(Mean±SD) 117.47 ± 10.3 mmHgfor initial fifteen minutes after administration of spinal anaesthesia and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.041). However, there was no significant fall in mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups. It was easy to administer spinal anaesthesia intraditional sitting position as compared to Hamstring stretch position. There were fewer needle-bone contacts in traditional sitting position than Hamstring stretch position and traditional sitting position was also more comfortable for the parturient. Conclusion : Traditional sitting position offers greater haemodynamic stability in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery and provides better patient comfort during the procedure with fewer number of needle-bone contacts.


A generalized list of motives which are topical for the period of personality's early professionalization is suggested in the article. It is made on the ground of the analysis of a series of publications, devoted to this problem. The list can serve as the basis for comparison and monitoring of the dynamics of young specialists motivational profiles; the optimization of the systems of stimulating them, and the management of the professional self-actualization


The classical path theory can be derived from first principles by assuming a product type wave function and a Gaussian wave packet in those degrees of freedom for which the classical equations of motion is introduced. Here we give ways of correcting the theory so as to obtain the exact solution with enough correction terms.


Antibodies that potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2 target mainly the receptor-binding domain or the N-terminal domain (NTD). Over a dozen potently neutralizing NTD-directed antibodies have been studied structurally, and all target a single antigenic supersite in NTD (site 1). Here we report the 3.7 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of a potent NTD-directed neutralizing antibody 5-7, which recognizes a site distinct from other potently neutralizing antibodies, inserting a binding loop into an exposed hydrophobic pocket between the two sheets of the NTD β-sandwich. Interestingly, this pocket has been previously identified as the binding site for hydrophobic molecules including heme metabolites, but we observe their presence to not substantially impede 5-7 recognition. Mirroring its distinctive binding, antibody 5-7 retains a distinctive neutralization potency with variants of concern (VOC). Overall, we reveal a hydrophobic pocket in NTD proposed for immune evasion can actually be used by the immune system for recognition. Highlights Cryo-EM structure of neutralizing antibody 5-7 in complex with SARS CoV-2 spike 5-7 recognizes NTD outside of the previously identified antigenic supersite 5-7 binds to a site known to accommodate numerous hydrophobic ligands Structural basis of 5-7 neutralization tolerance to some variants of concern


Cerebral vessels of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) are less susceptible to disruption of the blood-brain barrier to proteins during acute hypertension than normotensive controls. This protective adaptation in SHR during acute hypertension is thought to be due to cerebral vascular hypertrophy which leads to increased vascular resistance and attenuation of the increase in cerebral blood flow and blood-brain disruption during acute hypertension. To determine if a similar relationship is present in the renovascular form of chronic hypertension, we studied blood-brain barrier protein transfer in Sprague-Dawley normotensive and two-kidney, one clip hypertensive rats during control conditions and during superimposed acute hypertension. The renovascular clip was applied at one month of age and all rats were studied 2-3 months later. During control conditions, the mean arterial pressure of the normotensive (NT) and renovascular hypertensive (RV) animals was significantly different (NT 131 ± 6, RV 189 ± 11* mm Hg, *p < 0.05) but the cerebral hemisphere protein transfer was low and did not differ [NT O.OS ± 0.00, RV 0.08 ± 0.04% (NS)]. During acute hypertension, the rise in arterial pressure in the normotensive group (A49 ± 4 mm Hg) did not differ from the renovascular hypertensive group (A36 ± 7 mm Hg), but protein transfer across the cerebral vasculature was increased significantly in the renovascular hypertensive group (NT 0.08 ± 0.01%, RV 0.40 ± 0.14*, *p < 0.0S). These results suggest that cerebral vessels of renovascular hypertensive rats are more susceptible to blood-brain barrier disruption during acute hypertension than normotensive controls. Thus, susceptibility of the blood-brain barrier to disruption during acute hypertension differs between the two forms of animal hypertension, renovascular and the previously studied SHR. This observation may relate to the clinical impression that hypertensive encephalopathy (associated with enhanced blood-brain barrier permeability) is more frequent in patients with hypertension of renal origin than in those patients with hypertension from other causes.


BACKGROUND
Enteroendocrine N cells secrete neurotensin (NTS). NTS reduces food intake in rodents and may increase insulin release. In humans, postprandial NTS responses increase following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, associating the hormone with the glucose and body weight-lowering effects of these procedures. We looked at N cell density and mucosal mRNA expression profiles of NTS and NTS receptors in type 2 diabetes patients and healthy controls.

METHODS
Using double-balloon enteroscopy, 12 patients with type 2 diabetes and 12 gender, age, and body mass index-matched healthy controls had mucosa biopsies taken from the entire length of the small intestine (with 30 cm intervals) and from seven anatomically well-defined locations in the large intestine. Biopsies were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and mRNA sequencing.

RESULTS
N cell density and NTS mRNA expression gradually increased from duodenum to ileum, while negligible NTS-positive cells and NTS mRNA expression were observed in the large intestine. NTS receptor 1 and 2 mRNA expression were not detected, but sortilin, a single-pass transmembrane neuropeptide receptor of which NTS also is a ligand, was uniformly expressed in the intestines. Patients with type 2 diabetes exhibited lower levels of NTS-positive cells and mRNA expression than healthy controls, but this was not significant after adjusting for multiple testing.

CONCLUSIONS
This unique intestinal mapping of N cell density and NTS expression shows increasing levels from the small intestine's proximal to distal end (without differences between patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls), while negligible N cells and NTS mRNA expression were observed in the large intestine. Sortilin was expressed throughout the intestines in both groups; no NTS receptor 1 or 2 mRNA expression were detected.


In this paper, the bioelectromagnetic dose characteristics of a bounded wave simulator under nanosecond pulse were investigated. By electrostatic field simulation, the distribution of electric field in the bounded wave simulator under experimental conditions was analyzed. The results show that the local field enhancement in space is obvious. The electric field on the surface of the upper electrode under the loading voltage is obviously greater. Furthermore, the SAR value of bioelectromagnetic dose was analyzed. Under 1 pps working operation, 150 kV loading voltage and PML boundary condition, the SAR value is calculated to be $6\times 10^{-5}\ \mathbf{W}/\mathbf{kg}$. Besides, the bioelectromagnetic dose under non-PML boundary condition was explored. The results show that the SAR value at high voltage electrode is maximal. The difference between the maximum and the minimum is 7 dB, which is much more than the dose deviation limit of 3 dB. The results above show that the bioelectromagnetic dose characteristics of the bounded wave simulator under nanosecond pulses are correlated with the position in the simulator. Biological experiments should be carefully designed according to the results of dose analysis.


In the last few years, renewable energies have been encouraged by worldwide governments to meet energy saving policies. Among renewable energy sources, fuel cells have attracted much interest for a wide variety of research areas. Fuel cell-based residential-scaled power supply systems take advantage of simultaneous generation of power and heat, reducing the overall fossil fuel consumption and utilities cost. Modeling is one of the most important topics concerning fuel cell use. In this paper, a measurement-based steady-state and dynamic fuel cell model is presented. The proposed modelling approach is implemented on a 5kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell. The parameters identification procedure is analyzed and the MATLAB/Simulink implementation is shown. As shown by simulation and experimental results, the model error is restricted to ±1%, corresponding to a maximum absolute model error of 0.4V.


traveled to Entebbe, Uganda to huddle with the president of Uganda and the leaders of five neighboring states for what his national security adviser referred to as a "unique gathering" and an "honest discussion." It was President Clinton at his best—batting around important political issues with key leaders. But for the first time in United States history, this was occurring in Africa, and the leaders were African. At the end of the meeting, the leaders signed a joint declaration of principles. Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni declared that Entebbe—site of the famous 1976 raid by Israeli commandos to free passengers of a hijacked airliner—would henceforth be known for this summit and its promise of "peace and prosperity." The president's Africa trip marked a crescendo in the renascent Africa policy of the Clinton administration. Bill Clinton's first term was characterized largely by disaster and disengagement with Africa: the Somalia debacle followed by the Rwanda genocide. But the arrival of Madeleine Albright as secretary of state in 1997 and the appointment of Susan Rice as assistant secretary of state for Africa that same year brought a renewed dynamism to Africa policy. The president's trip was intended to demonstrate this, but even more so, it was intended to promote a positive image of Africa to the American people. On this, the entire policy community agreed: if the United States was to increase engagement in Africa, the American public had to believe it was worthwhile. And for that, the administration had to overcome a profound skepticism nurtured by persistent images of disease, corruption, and war. Each step in the president's hotly debated agenda was carefully choreographed to convey a select number of positive messages—economic renewal in Ghana, democracy in South Africa, civil society in Senegal—and to showcase selected figures. In Uganda the president stressed partnership, economic development, and cooperation to end genocide. For Africa watchers the visit consecrated the status of Ugandan President Museveni as the exemplar of a "new generation of African leaders." Administration officials had been developing close personal relationships with a select group of African leaders throughout the 1990s. The core group included, in addition to Museveni, Presidents Meles Zenawi of Ethiopia and Isaias Afwerki of Eritrea. After the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, Major Paul Kagame was brought into the group. The four had much in common: they were all successors to venal and abusive leaders of corrupt regimes. They spoke a proud and confident language of selfreliance, worked closely with international financial institutions, and shared a willingness to engage in robust military action to achieve foreign policy goals. They were military men—warlords to their detractors, and "soldier princes" to their admirers. Each came to power through long guerrilla struggles, rather than elections, corrupt political maneuvering, or foreign intervention. And while some notion of political participation figured on their agendas, they shared an opposition to multiparty democracy on a Western model. The odd men at the Entebbe meeting were Presidents Daniel arap Moi of Kenya and Laurent Kabila PETER ROSENBLUM is associate director of the human rights program at Harvard Law School. "The new African leaders policy was intended to be the [Clinton administration's] story of peacemaking, partnership, and economic development. Instead, it became a subplot in a story of war, casualties, and the remaking of old African leaders."


Abstract : A civilian personnel simulation system (ACQUIRES) has been developed to support Air Force Systems Command's Acquisition Professional Development Program (APDP). ACQUIRES allows for the analysis of the effects of APDP policies on the flow and content of the civilian acquisition force within the context of a simulation and projection model. Complete documentation of ACQUIRES simulation and database analysis facilities is provided.


Photocatalytic oxygen reduction by a two-electron way is the most clean and green method for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. However, in the most catalytic systems, the function of oxygen is...


High performance 3D TSV interconnects are important for reliability, choice of the filler material is also a critical issue as thermal incompatibility, electromigration and, high resistivity are still a bottleneck. In this paper, SW-CNT bundles as a prospective filler material for TSV are investigated compared to conventional filler materials like Cu, W, and poly-silicon. It is found that SW-CNT bundles exhibit unique electrical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics that can be used to fabricate better TSV interconnects.


[European material of the bird-parasic blowfly genus Trypocalliphora Peus, 1960, including type material of A vihospita braueri Hendel, 1901 and Trypocalliphora lindneri Peus, 1960, has been examined. The genus is redefined on the basis of the male phallosome structure and its systematic position and status discussed. The genus contains a single Holarctic species, Trypocalliphora braueri (Hendel, 1901); Protocalliphora hirudo Shannon & Dobroscky, 1924, T. lindneri Peus, 1960 and T. compacta Grunin, 1966 are new synonyms. Knowledge of the biology is summarised and a host list for the Pataearctic Region is given., A comparative study of the genitalia of female Psectrocladius Kieffer from British localities and the female syntype of Holmgren's Chironomus limbatellus (designated "type" by F. W. Edwards) reveals that Psectrocladius edwardsi Brundin is a junior synonym of limbatellus Holmgren. The type speeimens of edwardsi were seen and confirm the identity of the British specimens. A survey of specimens identified as limbatellus by Edwards reveals that his original interpretation of the Holmgren species was octomaculatus Wulker. The species referred to as limbatellus by Brundin, Wulker and Langton is described as oxyura sp. n. This species, along with sordidellus (Zetterstedt),fennicus StorA and calcaratus Edwards are among the specimens identified by Edwards as limbatellus. Holmgren's two male limbatellus, synonymized by Edwards with Orthocladius (s.str.) decoratus (Holmgren), are shown to belong to subgenus Euorthocladius and described as telochaetus sp. n. A diagnosis is provided for male, female and pupal exuviae of Psectrocladius (s.str.) oxyura, and male Orthocladius (Euorthocladius) telochaetus is described. A provisional key for the separation of female Psectrocladius spp. is appended.]


The effect of strain rates from 1 · 10 � 4 s � 1 to 2 · 10 3 s � 1 on tensile fracture morphologies of Zr52:5Al10Ni10Cu15Be12:5, Zr65Al10Ni10Cu15, and Zr52:5Al10Ni14:6Cu17:9Ti5 bulk amorphous alloys was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the tensile fracture morphologies of three compositions of bulk amorphous alloys are dependent on strain rate. At low strain rates, the tensile fracture surface morphology of Zr-based bulk metallic glasses presents cleavage veins. However, the morphology will become microvoid-coalescence dimples when the strain rate is high enough. � 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Indonesia's banking system is currently under the influenced by weak supervision system and banking regulation. Bank Indonesia (BI) issued a Single Presence Policy (SPP) towards commercial banks to restructure their ownership structure through merger, disposal of shares or establishing a Bank Holding Company (BHC). This policy is regulated in PBI No. 14/24/PBF 2012 concerning SPP. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the mechanism of SPP mechanism related to the use of merger and consolidation options and the impact on the effectiveness of supervision of the Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) and the national banking in general. This research method is normative-juridical. The approach used are the approach of legislation and conceptual approach. The results of this study are the implementation of policies and less effective sanctions and Indonesian banks that can not avoid the flow of globalization of global banking which resulted to the lack of independence of national banks.


The present investigation on thirty black gram diverse genotypes for 12 yield and yield attributing traits under organic and inorganic fertilizer managements was carried out to study genetic variation among traits and genotypes in the respective environments that would equip the selection criteria using principal Component Analysis. First four vectors with threshold Eigen value greater than one (>1) contributed to 77.56% and 70.74% variation under organic and inorganic fertilizer managements respectively. Characters viz., number of clusters per plant (0.395), number of seeds per pod (0.354), days to maturity (0.336), number of pods per plant (0.300), harvest index (0.244), plant height (0.073) and seed yield per plant (0.015), whereas under inorganic fertilizer Original Research Article Reddy et al.; IJPSS, 33(9): 26-34, 2021; Article no.IJPSS.68236 27 management number of primary branches per plant (0.43), followed by number of pods per plant (0.43), seed yield per plant (0.31), number of pods per cluster (0.29), number of clusters per plant (0.29) explained the maximum variance in first principal component (PC1) under organic conditions. Based on comparison of trait contribution to total variability under PC1 under both the managements it can be concluded that the traits viz., number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant and seed yield per plant were the potential traits that accounted for maximum share towards variability. These traits may be taken into consideration as selection criteria in breeding programmes aimed at developing high yielding varieties.


Objective To study the liver pathological changes of chronic HBV cariers with normal alanine aminotransferase(ALT) level and its relationships with erum HBV-DNA and serum HBeAg.Methods 138 cases of chronic HBV cariers with normal ALT level were retrospectively analyzed.Histopathologic examinations for liver tissues were performed in all patients,and the serum HBV-DNA and hepatitis B markers were also detected.Results Of all the cases,only 5.1% of them were found to be normal using pathological examination,31.9% of them with inflammation or fibrosis(≥ G2 or ≥ S2).No significantly difference(P 0.05) in the grades of inflammation or fibrosis was found between HBeAg(+) group and HBeAg(-) group.Among the HBeAg(-) cases,the rate of the patients(HBV-DNA ≥ 10 000 IU / ml)with significant inflammation and fibrosis were 60% and 73.3%,respectively,and were of,significantly higher(P 0.05) than that of patients in the group(HBV-DNA 10 000 IU / ml).Conclusion Inflammation and fibrosis were found in liver tissues of most chronic HBV cariers with normal ALT level.Significant liver tissue lesions were detected in one third of them and antiviral therapy need to be used for these patients.The patients with HBeAg negative and HBV-DNA ≥ 10 000 IU / mL should be examined using liver biopsies and then to be treated in time.


In order to overcome the drawback of the traditional Kirsch template despeckling usings fixed windows, an improved Kirsch direction template despeckling algorithm, based on structural information detection, is proposed for high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. First, the point targets are detected and preserved in the current region. Second, the window is enlarged adaptively based on the statistical characteristics of the local region. Finally, the window finally obtained is classified. The averaged filter is directly adopted if the region is homogeneous, or else the Kirsch template filter is used. Combining point target detection, adaptive windowing, and region classification, altogether the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the performance of the traditional Kirsch direction template despeckling. Despeckling experiments on simulated and real high-resolution SAR images demonstrate that the Kirsch direction template despeckling algorithm based on structural information detection can not only sufficiently suppress speckle in homogenous and edge regions, but also effectively preserve point targets and edge information, leading to good despeckling results.


This chapter contains sections titled: What Self?, Counterexamples to the Postmodern Argument, The Personal Homepage as Presentation of an Integrated Self, Conclusion


The present invention provides a capacitor driving an electroluminescent display, a display substrate, laid on the row electrodes and column electrodes of the display substrate, and electrically connected to the pixel electrodes between the row and column electrodes comprises the said pixel having an electroluminescent device, a capacitor and a charging switch drive, wherein after said electroluminescent device and said drive capacitor electrically connected in parallel to the charging switch; the row electrodes or the column electrodes having a mounting electric light window electroluminescent device. Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a capacitive driving electroluminescent display.


Plane‐wave propagation in an infinite plate is analyzed by the linear three‐dimensional theory of piezoelectricity. The general dispersion relation, valid for any degree of anisotropy and for the commonly applicable electrical boundary conditions, is formulated. The general equation yielding the surface wave velocities is also derived. A numerical algorithm, potentially applicable to piezoelectric plates of any material symmetry, is developed. Results are obtained for particular crystal cuts of practical interest and waves propagating in the coordinate directions. Comparison with corresponding predictions by the purely elastic theory allows assessment of the effect of electromechanical coupling as well as of the accuracy of the computed dispersion relationships.


Piperidine absorbs CO2 in air to form the molecular complex: piperidinium-1-piperidinecarboxylate which was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure was determined to be triclinic, space group P - 1 with a = 6.403(3) A, b = 9.437(5) A, c = 9.928(5) A,  = 104.90(4)°,  = 102.35(4)°, g = 94.63(4)°, Z = 2. The complex is stabilized via hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction. The mechanism of formation and stabilization is investigated.

 Key words: Piperidine; molecular complex, single crystal, hydrogen bond, electrostatic attraction.


During recent years wind turbine technology has undergone rapid developments. Doubly fed induction generators (DFIG) are very sensitive to the disturbances of grid, the stator of DFIG should be kept connection to the grid faults during period. The flux dynamic response and rotor overvoltage induced by the grid faults and recovery threaten to damage the vulnerable rotor converter. By the from the basic mathematical model doubly-fed generator q-d coordinates reference frame, using the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform to 1.5 MW wind power system simulation model is established. Based on analysis of change of the DFIG stator and rotor flux, voltage, current and active and reactive power, the open-circuit faults of grid and its effect on current and other variables of DFIG were analyzed in the beginning. In the present work, we addressed open-circuits faults of grid situations that have shown their influence on the generator and the behavior of the wind over the defects which are briefly discussed based on simulation results.


This paper describes a new form of rotating photometric "sector," capable of very accurate adjustment to any desired light-transmission value while running, and possessed of the great advantage of having its rotating part in one piece only. A mathematical discussion of this new type of apparatus follows, in which are deduced formulae for the intensities of the light transmitted under different conditions, and for the greatest width of the beam of light that can be employed; and a graphical tabulation of the values of these formulae in different cases is provided. The mounting and details of an actual instrument are described; together with an additional mechanism for the purpose of automatically recording the photometric measurements obtained.


Pistachios beneficially affect the lipid/lipoprotein profile, however, less is known about their potential anti‐inflammatory effects. The present study was conducted to better understand the effects of pistachio oil (PO) on inflammation. Mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells) were treated with PO (5.5 mg/ml) and gene expression microarray analyses were performed. Our results showed that a total of 43 genes were significantly regulated by PO treatment. Interferon‐induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats (Ifit) was significantly repressed (P<0.05). Ifit is a gene family induced by interferon, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and involved in many inflammatory and immunologic processes. Plasmids with different lengths (1.5 kb, 1 kb and 0.5 kb) of 5′ flanking region of Ifit promoter upstream of the luciferase reporter gene were constructed. In the 1.5 kb construct, LPS induced Ifit promoter activity, which was decreased by treatment with either PO (−31%) or lipid extract from the PO (PE, −62%; P<0.05). The corresponding changes in expression of the 0.5 kb construct were −13% and −35%, respectively. The data suggest that pistachios decrease the expression of the inflammatory gene Ifit by affecting its transcription rate.


After lower rectal anterior resection, patients often experience defecation disorders such as increased stool frequency and fecal incontinence. Researches have shown that these disorders may be resulted from pathophysiological consequences such as impaired neorectal compliance, decreased internal anal sphincter function, direct damage or injury of the nervous supply and the loss of rectal sensation.

Key words:
Rectal neoplasms; Low anterior resection; Defecation function


Early‐life exposure to certain environmental bacteria including Acinetobacter lwoffii (AL) has been implicated in protection from chronic inflammatory diseases including asthma later in life. However, the underlying mechanisms at the immune‐microbe interface remain largely unknown.


As an essential part of urban public space, the basic framework of urban pattern, and the human landscape of the city and street space is of great significance to urban development. From the perspective of urban living safety, the demand for urban space for health has been considered in depth again. Therefore, with emerging new issues in the post-urbanization period such as the development of public health and slow traffic transportation, street space becomes disordered, and the health of street space has drawn great attention. This paper takes the old urban area of Daoli District of Harbin City as an example. The degree of spatial disorder of different streets in the old urban area of Daoli District of Harbin City is derived by using the off-site built environment audit method and mean square weight analysis and other technical methods with multi-source data such as Baidu map API. In this paper, the spatial health measurement of streets with different properties of land usage in the old urban area of Daoli District of Harbin City is classified, and the classification strategies are proposed based on the calculation results. Based on the theory of spatial disorder, a large-scale measurement of street space health provides insights and references for practical urban management in the future. In terms of theoretical research, this paper attempts to fill the gap in urban geospatial disorder research in China.


OBJECTIVE: To study pharmacology and clinical evaluation of antidepressant in order to prov ide references for rational drug usage in the clinic.METHODS:To introduce pharma cology and clinical evaluation of antidepressant by reviewing recent literatures at home and abroad. RESULTS CONCLUSION:Since there are a lot of kinds of anti depressant, clinical therapy should be carried out individually according to dep ressive type, target symptoms, patient's body condition and drug adverse reactio n.


The slit island method is employed to measure fractal dimensions D_F of fractured
surfaces under plane strain conditions with the help of an image analysis technique for two
high strength steels under different heat treatment conditions and at different test temperatures.
It is shown that the fractured surfaces are of fractals. The values of D_F decrease smoothly
with an increase of the logarithm values of fracture toughness K_(IC), i. e. the fractal dimensions
D_F are approximately a linear function of the logarithm values of fracture toughness K_(IC). This
relationship might reflect the changes in the microstructure that occured during different heat
treatments and the changes in the fracture mechanism that occured at different test temperatures.
The fractal dimension D_F could be regarded as a measure of fracture toughness in metels. Fi-
nally, the experimental results are explained in terms of the relation between critical crack exten-
sion force and the true total area of the irregular fracture surfaces.


Abstract Objectives To identify aetiological factors in anaemia and to explore knowledge, perceptions and attitudes towards anaemia. Design Two cross-sectional surveys and sixteen focus group discussions. Setting The two regions with the highest prevalence of anaemia in Tunisia, Greater Tunis (GT) and the South West (SW). Subjects Two representative samples of 687 (GT) and 729 (SW) women of reproductive age; 108 women were included in focus group discussions. Results Among anaemic women, 63·4 % in the GT region and 80·2 % in the SW displayed iron deficiency (ID). Genetic haemoglobinopathies accounted for 10·0 % and 3·6 % of the cases of anaemia in the two regions, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, the major factors for iron-deficiency anaemia were low dietary Fe intake (OR = 5·0, 95 % CI 3·0, 8·4), drinking tea after eating (OR = 3·4, 95 % CI 2·0, 5·7) and pica (OR = 2·1, 95 % CI 1·1, 3·9). Most of the women related anaemia to the following causes: malnutrition, lack of hygiene, and their heavy workload and responsibilities in the household. Many women connected anaemia with hypotension. Few established a relationship between ID and anaemia. They had confidence in their doctor for treatment, but many complained they were not given sufficient information. Low dietary Fe intake, inappropriate food practices and inadequate perceptions contribute to the aetiology of anaemia in women. Conclusions These results point out to the need for a strategy combining food fortification, Fe supplementation for pregnant women, nutritional education for the general public and at-risk specific target groups, and training of health professionals.


Gardening in private lawn has become a common activity among the metropolitan citizen, and they have diverse goals of planting, ranging from home decoration, income generation or personal consumption. However, this activity may lead to a waste effort if they do not treat the plants consistently, such as forgetting to water the plant. This project provides the solution to control and monitor the activity of watering the plants and water circulation in an aquarium on a system called APA (AQUAPONIC AUTOMATIC). Utilizing the REST protocol, based on android and web services with case studies on the private lawn, this system performs a remote automatic watering by making use of the weather information and provides a decision as well as notification to the controller when it is time to water the plant. The target of this project is to create a system that monitors and controls the watering plant system. Using android and web services, it run automatically by considering weather forecast information and the implementation of the system ensures the plants to grow.


Based on the Dragon River Bridge,a plan of bent cap construction with piercing mandrel method is designed,which is easily used with ordinary materials to carry out the construction of high bent caps.The stress system of the donstruction support is calculated.The cost of construction is reduced and the quality and safety of construction are guaranteed,which can be covered by the similiar engineering.


The Petri nets are one of the most widely used methods for the study of the dynamics that falls within the category of Discrete Event Systems (DES) [1]. The DES is a class of systems that are guided by the occurrence of events asynchronous in time, which are becoming more and more relevant nowadays. The Petri nets are graphically represented as a directed graph, with two classes of nodes, called places and transitions. The places allow capturing the state of a system. They also represent the conditions required by the events to occur, or to execute, in the DES.


This article is devoted to such important and debatable question as women's legal status in Islam. Special attention is paid to the analysis of women's concrete rights provided by Shariat and also to the problem of these norms realization in practice by Muslim states.


Abstract This contribution deals with the modeling and control of flatness defects in form of so–called ski–ends which occur during the hot rolling process of heavy plates. These ski–ends are caused by asymmetrical rolling conditions, e.g., different work roll circumferential speeds or vertical temperature gradients. In a first step, a physics–based model for asymmetrical rolling is derived based on the upper bound method for ideal rigid–plastic materials and is validated by means of numerical and measurement data. It turns out that the drive train proves to be the suitable actuator for suppressing the ski–ends. Therefore, an improved underlying multi–input multi–output control concept for the two main drives is presented. Finally, an overall pass–to–pass model–based control concept for the reduction of ski–ends is developed.


In this paper the existence and magnitude of market power for the German beer exporters is tested. Two theoretical approaches to model incomplete competition on international markets are employed, the ?pricing to market? (PTM) model the ?residual demand elasticity? (RDE) approach. Estimations for both models over the period from 1991 to 1998 reveal incompatible results regarding the underlying theoretical models and with respect to the approach that is used. While significant market power is indicated in the PTM model, the RDE approach signalizes perfect competition. This leads to the conclusion that the underlying theoretical models have to be extended to consistently match the observed market solutions in this case.


Deep supervised learning is the most common way of automatically music generation. However, this sort of model only learns probabilities from dataset, and such pattern does not leave much room for manully control, which could result in an out of expectation result. In this paper, we have proposed a novel approach of polyphonic music generation using Deep Reinforcement Learning base on Transformer skeleton. The principal novelty of our approach centres on having a well trained music Transformer network as basement, then using Reinforcement Learning to fine tune it to impose music theory into the model. The reward of RL consists of probability learned from training data and music theory proposed to follow. We analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, and results show that the proposed model enhances the performance of deep supervised learning who only learns from data and the music generated comes out to be more creative. Eventually, we discussed the usefulness of our model.


Levy discovered that the fraction of time a standard one-dimensional Brownian motion B spends positive before time t has arcsine distribution, both for a fixed time when B t ¬=;0 almost surely, and for t an inverse local time, when B t =0 almost surely. This identity in distribution is extended from the fraction of time spent positive to a large collection of functionals derived from the lengths and signs of excursions of B away from 0. Similar identities in distribution are associated with any process whose zero set is the range of a stable subordinator, for instance a Bessel process of dimension d for 0


A method of multisensor data classification based on entropy is suggested after a review of data classification and information entropy.It classifies data of conflict,redundancy and complementarity according to the relationship of self-entropy and mutual entropy about sensor data,and builds the structure of multisensor data classification for classified fusion. An example illustrates the rationality of the method and the validity of classified fusion.


Aim: To observe the protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on vital organs in rats with septic shock. Methods: The septic shock model was reproduced by CLP. Sixty-six SD rats were randomly divided into three groups( 22 in each group) : sham group,CLP group and ginsenoside Rb1 group( 0. 04 mg / g). The liver and lung samples were prepared for observation of pathological changes; the expression of Toll like receptor 4( TLR4) mRNA in myocardial tissue was determined by RT-PCR; the serum tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) was measured by ELISA. Results: In CLP group,pathological results showed swelling,degeneration,necrosis and neutrophil infiltration in the liver cells,which were milder in ginsenoside Rb1 group. Moreover,in CLP group,there were swelling in alveolar epithelial cells,thickening in alveolar septum,expansion and congestion in capillaries,microthrombosis,congestion and edema in pulmonary interstitial,diffuse infiltration of neutrophils and diminished alveolar space with heavy inflammatory exudation,which were milder in ginsenoside Rb1 group. The TLR4 mRNA in myocardial tissue and serum TNF-α in CLP group were significantly higher than those in sham group( P 0. 01). The ginsenoside Rb1 group had markedly lower TLR4 mRNA expression and TNF-α level than the CLP group( P 0. 01). Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rb1 could protect the liver and lung tissue of septic shock rats through down-regulating the expression of TLR4 mRNA and inhibiting the produce of TNF-α.


We theoretically study the generation of spin current due to a surface acoustic wave in an s-wave superconductor. We model an s-wave superconductor as the mean-field Hamiltonian and calculate spin current generated via spin-vorticity coupling based on quantum kinetic theory. The results suggest that the spin current can be driven in a single-superconductor layer. Our proposal may contribute to the advancement of spin transport in superconductors from application and fundamental physics aspects.


Based on DEA model,the paper measures the efficiency of education expenditure of 31 provinces,cities and autonomous regions in China.The result shows that technical efficiency of Eastern region was higher than Mid-western region's;scale efficiency of Mid-western region is higher than Eastern region's. Factors concentration and transfer-dependence are the main causes of efficiency differences of education expenditure,so Eastern Region should lay stress on optimizing educational expenditure structure and advance scale efficiency;Mid-western region should increase educational investment,standardize local government behavior and improve technical efficiency.


This study aimed to select suitable strains that can be used as inoculants to enhance legume production and simultaneously reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers. Evaluations of the selected strains of Vigna radiata on the basis of polysaccharide (exopolysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides) produced reinforced evidence that Rhizobial strains and its mutant nodulate promote growth differently under stressed environments. Strains performance evaluation demonstrated that the R0132 (1106):Tn5 inoculant of Sinorhizobium fredii (Formerly, Rhizobium fredii) is a prime candidate as a commercial inoculant. It benefited growth of V. radiata and it was more easily cultured on solid and liquid media than any of the other strains tested including R0132 (1112):Tn5, R0132 (0097):Tn5 and R0132 (1106):Tn5. Mutant R0132 (1106):Tn5 exhibited superior growth promoting ability under extreme environmental condition; therefore it has potential to be used in India.


Optimized Simulation of Granular Materials Seth Holladay Department of Computer Science, BYU Doctor of Philosophy Visual effects for film and animation often require simulated granular materials, such as sand, wheat, or dirt, to meet a director's needs. Simulating granular materials can be time consuming, in both computation and labor, as these particulate materials have complex behavior and an enormous amount of small-scale detail. Furthermore, a single cubic meter of granular material, where each grain is a cubic millimeter, would contain a billion granules, and simulating all such interacting granules would take an impractical amount of time for productions. This calls for a simplified model for granular materials that retains high surface detail and granular behavior yet requires significantly less computational time. Our proposed method simulates a minimal number of individual granules while retaining particulate detail on the surface by supporting surface particles with simplified interior granular models. We introduce a multi-state model where, depending on the material state of the interior granules, we replace interior granules with a simplified simulation model for the state they are in and automate the transitions between those states. The majority of simulation time can thus be focused on visible portions of the material, reducing the time spent on non-visible portions, while maintaining the appearance and behavior of the mass as a whole.


Introduction: It is the purpose of this guide to describe the general geological features of the Marysvale area which may aid in exploration for uranium.


In order to find a suitable organometallic compound and a catalyst for the arylation of 8-acetoxyoctalenone 4 (a stereoisomeric mixture of 4α and 4β), phenylation was first investigated with PhZnX (7: X = Cl; 8: X = Br)/Pd or Ni cat., PhSnBu3 (9)/Pd cat. and LiCl, and [PhB(Bu)(OCHMeCHMeO)]Li (10a)/Ni cat. Borate 10a provided the desired product 11a with high stereoselectivity. The stereochemical outcome was irrespective of the stereochemistry of the acetoxy group in 4. Four more aryl groups, p-R-C6H4 (R = Me, MeO, Ph, and Me2N), were installed stereoselectively with this method.


In this note, a certain generalization of the Cauchy distribution is obtained, using the result of Malik [2]. The generalized gamma distribution having the density (1) is introduced by Stacy [1], who studied some of its properties. As remarked by Stacy [1], the familiar gamma, chi, chi-squared, exponential and Weibull distributions are special cases of (1), as are the distributions of certain functions of a normal variable - viz.


Paper aims: This research aims to analyze the primary studies published in recent years focusing on defect detection or classification in manufacturing and extract information about frequently used data mining (DM) methods, their accuracy, strengths, and limitations. Originality: Industrial production is now undergoing a dynamic transformation in the context of Industry 4.0, where implementation of data mining is a frequently discussed topic, and such an overall summary is missing. Research method: In this study, the PRISMA-driven systematic literature review is combined with the approach defined by Kitchenham (2004). Main findings: The most frequently used data mining methods for defect detection are Bayesian network (BN) and Support vector machine (SVM). Besides previously mentioned methods, the Decision trees (DT) and Clustering are often used for defect classification. Neural Networks (NN) use is common for both defect detection and classification. DT, together with the Genetic algorithm (GA) and SVM, achieved the highest average accuracy. Recently, authors often combine different DM methods, and also methods for data dimensionality reduction are often used. Implications for theory and practice: This study contributes to the quality management literature by extending a summary of recently used DM methods for defect detection and classification. This summary can help researchers choose a suitable method and build models for achieving its research purpose.


Reaction of biphenyl-3,4',5-tricarboxylate (H(3)BPT) and CdCl(2) in the presence of meso-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphine tetratosylate (TMPyP) afforded porph@MOM-10, a microporous metal-organic material containing CdTMPyP cations encapsulated in an anionic Cd(II) carboxylate framework, [Cd(6)(BPT)(4)Cl(4)(H(2)O)(4)]. Porph@MOM-10 is a versatile platform that undergoes exchange to serve as the parent of a series of porph@MOMs that exhibit permanent porosity and heterogeneous catalytic activity.


We first suggested a one-pot method to synthesize monodisperse raspberry-like submicrometer gold spheres (MRSGS) with high yield. The resulting gold spheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersed X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical technology. It was found that the rough structure provided by raspberry-like gold spheres led to a tremendous electrochemical active area, which was very important because these novel hierarchical gold spheres will probably find important applications in biosensors, electrocatalysis, and others. The formation mechanism of the raspberry-like gold spheres was also discussed. Furthermore, we expanded a liquid−liquid interface assembling strategy to MRSGS systems and first constructed uniform raspberry-like gold sphere arrays on a solid substrate.


Medical Libraries in India are to a large extent confined to medical colleges and allied teaching institutions. There are, however, a few institutions where research work on medical and allied sciences is carried out, such as the Malaria Institute of India, Central Research Institute, Kasauli, the Tata Institute of Cancer Research at Bombay, the Haffkine Institute at Bombay, the King Institute at Guindy etc., which maintain libraries of their own. Whereas in medical colleges greater stress is laid on providing text books and journals of a general scientific interest, the research institutions obtain a large number of monographs and periodicals and books of a specialized nature. The health directorates at the State headquarters also maintain a modest collection of text books, monographs and a few journals. The Directorate General of Health Services at Delhi maintains a large medical library consisting of about 50,000 volumes and over 300 well-known medical periodicals in various languages. At present this library is used mostly by medical officers of the Central and other States Governments. Periodicals and books are also sent outside Delhi at the request of other State Governments. Medical colleges are financed mostly by the State or the Central Governments. Consequently the funds available for the libraries are a fraction of the total grant for the whole institution and perhaps for the hospitals invariably associated with the institutions. For lack of funds it is not always possible to replace older editions of publications by more recent ones. Fresh additions to the libraries would also have to be of a restricted nature. Considering that proper maintenance of a library requires constant additional shelf space, and expenditure on binding of old


We derive a general formula for the futures price process without the restriction that the assets used in the future margin account are continuous and of finite variation. To do so, we model tradeable securities with dividends which are not necessarily cash dividends at fixed times or continuously paid dividends. A future contract can then be modelled as an asset which pays dividends but has zero value in itself. We show that the futures price is not necssarily a martingale under the equivalent martingale measure, but that it remains a martingale under a new measure which is closely connected to multiplicative Doob-Meyer decompositions. Our definition of self-financing replication is different from some earlier ones, even for assets that do not pay dividends, and we argue that for discontinuous asset price processes it could be more natural than the usual formulation.


The use of molecular markers, especially BRAF and TERT promoter mutations, for risk stratification in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is subject to continuing debate. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinicopathological implication of each genotype when combining BRAF and TERT promoter mutations in PTCs.


The present paper offers an assessment of using wastes such as palladium–activated carbon (Pd/AC) catalysts through their regeneration or metal recovery. In order to regenerate a catalyst it has been found necessary to clean up its surface completely and restore the original form of the metal. Supercritical fluid extraction can be useful in removing organic substances from the surface of a spent catalyst whereas microwave mineralisation can be used to recover palladium from the mass of a spent catalyst.


Let \begin{document}$ D\subset R^{d}$\end{document} be a bounded domain in the \begin{document}$d- $\end{document} dimensional Euclidian space \begin{document}$R^{d} $\end{document} with smooth boundary $Γ=\partial D.$ In this paper we consider exponential boundary stabilization for weak solutions to the wave equation with nonlinear boundary condition: \begin{document}$\left\{ \begin{gathered}u_{tt}(t)-ρ(t)Δ u(t)+b(x)u_{t}(t)=f(u(t)), \\ u(t)=0\ \ \text{on }Γ_{0}×(0,T), \\ \dfrac{\partial u(t)}{\partialν}+γ(u_{t}(t))=0\ \ \text{on }Γ _{1}×(0,T), \\ u(0)=u_{0},u_{t}(0)=u_{1},\end{gathered} \right.$ \end{document} where \begin{document}$\left\| {{u_0}} \right\| \begin{document}$ E(0) where \begin{document}$λ_{β}, $\end{document} \begin{document}$d_{β} $\end{document} are defined in (21), (22) and \begin{document}$Γ=Γ_{0}\cupΓ_{1} $\end{document} and \begin{document}$\bar{Γ}_{0}\cap\bar{Γ}_{1}=φ. $\end{document}


Alternative current electric arc furnaces (AC-EAF) are characterized by significant active and reactive power consumption. The operation of electric arc furnaces can cause considerable harmonic distortion and voltage fluctuations (flicker) in the electric power system due to the non-linearity of electric arc and stochastic character of arc burning. The distortion level caused by AC EAF operation depends on the stage of the steelmaking process. The novel method of design of reactive power compensation devices on the base of dynamical digital simulation of complete steelmaking process is described in the offered paper.


Microtopography is an important factor influencing the shielding failure trip-out rate of transmission lines.So the effect of microtopography must be considered in application of lightning rods for lightning shielding failure prevention.Based on geographic information system(GIS),the application scheme of lightning rods for lightning shielding failure prevention of overhead transmission lines were proposed with consideration of various microtopographic conditions.Application of the lightning rods to a 500 kV transmission line proved the scheme effective.


A method for displaying bolus transport as a function of time is applied to studies of the oesophagus. Not only is transit time through the oesophagus determined with great accuracy but the history of the bolus (i.e. variation in velocity, sticking and reflux) is revealed. Patient movements are easily detected. The display technique is applicable to other types of bolus transport studies.


The increase of constructed land, divided into residential and industrial land and transportation land, plays the important role for the decrease of cultivated land in China. The objective of the article is to set up the quantitative representation of constructed area distribution with inter province related some factors to show the dynamic basis of land use change in China. By regression analysis, we discovered that the distribution of land magnitude of every sort and their sum correlate highly to the distribution of population and cultivated area per capita. The effect of population on the distribution of residential and industrial land is more obvious than that of transportation land, but the effect of cultivated area per capita on the distribution of transportation area per capita more than that of residential and industrial area per capita. The rate of residential and industrial area changes with inter province is mostly proportional to the rate of population's changes.


Pd∕Ti∕Al and Ti∕Al Ohmic contact materials on Ga-face and N-face surfaces of n-type GaN were investigated by measuring the contact resistivities with respect to annealing temperatures. Pd∕Ti∕Al contact showed good Ohmic property in contrast to Ti∕Al contact on N-face surface of n-type GaN. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy results on samples of as-deposited and annealed at 450°C for 30s indicated that Pd played an important role in changing the surface state of N-face surface of n-type GaN and less than 50A of Pd was required to obtain the best Ohmic contact property.


Presently, the preferred circuit of PWM (pulse width modulation) converters has the open-wye 3-phase connection, in which the zero sequence does not exist. Single-line-to-ground fault studies have shown that the grounded-wye connection is better from protection and security consideration. However, extensive investigation is required to evaluate exhaustively the comparative merits of the grounded-wye connection. This paper initiates the research of the zero sequence in PWM converters by presenting a fundamental study based on analysis using the switch function concept. The switch function analysis shows: how the zero-sequence current leads to DC capacitor voltage unbalance; how the dc voltage unbalance becomes a source of zero sequence voltages on the AC-side; how the zero sequence current can lead the AC circuit to resonate with the DC circuit; and how such resonance can be eliminated electronically through feedback.


The invention discloses a visual inspection device and method for inspecting freshness of poultry eggs, and relates to the technical field of poultry egg processing and grading. The device is characterized in that a light source is arranged under a conveyor belt, a dark box is arranged over the conveyor belt, and the top center of the dark box is provided with an industrial camera; the light source irradiates the poultry eggs placed on the conveyor belt through a gap of the conveyor belt, and the industrial camera is connected with a computer through a data line. The method comprises the following steps: (1) capturing a poultry egg image; (2) preprocessing the poultry egg image; (3) extracting the ratio of air chamber area to whole egg area, and taking the ratio as a characteristic parameter; (4) extracting other characteristic parameters; (5) establishing a model; and (6) distinguishing freshness. The device and the method inspect freshness through machine vision, are not captious to application environments, and have good application and promotion foreground; a method never used before is used for extraction of air chamber area, and works well; an SVM (Support Vector Machine) is used for grading, and accuracy is high; and the device and the method are efficient and highly intelligent, and can realize nondestructive inspection.