The Image of the Czech Republic in foreign media is regularly analysed by the Czech Ministry of Foreign Affairs, but sports section is not scrutinized separately. This thesis deals with how the selected German online media present the Czech Republic in sports sections. The theoretical part introduces to the stylistic analysis, functional styles, sport journalism, media language, defines an objectivity and some linguistic terms. The practical part focuses on the analysis of selected articles and examines the frequency of mentions of the Czech Republic and the way how they are expressed by attributes, idioms and stereotypes expressing negative, neutral or positive evaluation of Czech athletes.


The work is devoted to the problem of finding and acquiring male wisdom in the small prose of V. Rasputin. The artistic paradigm associated with the theme of male wisdom takes in the fate of patriarchal men, fools, mysterious elders as messengers associated with the mystery of otherness, and Athos monks praying for the Russian land. However, the author himself becomes the most focused seeker of wisdom, for whom the main question is the question of the fate of his native home, the land, its tragic history and the possibility of an outcome. The heroes' journey in search of truth is carried out on both sides of existence, in prophetic dreams, visions, and this actualizes the images of mysterious elders – the author's "doubles" in other limits. The image of a man-creator, builder in the artist's prose is only outlined, paraphered. This explains the philosophy of escapism, which is professed by the silent and hermits of later texts. The active principle, connected with the protection of the ancestral land, the transformation of the forms of culture, remains for strong, strong-willed, all-knowing women.


TPS8056Background: A significant unmet need for multiple myeloma (MM) therapy remains as many patients eventually relapse after or become refractory to current treatment options. Investigation of n...


[Objective ]The aim wad to research the effect of the Aluminum on the bacteria's growth in 5 kinds of acidic Soils.[Method] With 7 strains of bacteria as the material,the growth of bacterial for the different concentrations of aluminum were investigated.[Result]The results showed that the bacteria's growth was inhibited with the concentration of Al3+ was increasing.The aluminum tolerance of B2,B3,B4,B5 is better than others and they could grow in the concentration of 3.0 mmol/L Al3+.B4 had the highest growth rate and the best aluminum tolerance.[Conclusion]The study provided the theoretical basis for Al-resistant of microorganism.


Objective To study the effects of the single Chinese traditional medicine of Radix astragali(RA)on insulin resistance and serum uric acid.Methods Sixty Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups randomly:normol group(n=12),and model group(n=48).The model rats were fed with high fat-sugar diet for 6 weeks,then fed with adenine(100 mg·kg-1·d-1)and ethambutol(250 mg·kg-1·d-1)for 2 weeks to induce the IR and hyperuricemia model.Fourty-eight successful model rats were divided into blank-model group,RA group,allopurinol group,RA+allopurinol group.The serum uric acid(UA),Fasting Plasma Glucose(FPG),Fasting Insulin(FINS)and Insulin Sensitivity Index(ISI)were detected in 3 and 6 weeks,and the relationship between UA level after RA and insulin resistance was analyzed.Results(1)RA could distinctly decrease FPG,FINS and UA levels of insulin resistance(IR)+hyperuricemia model rats(P0.05 vs P0.01),and increase ISI level(P0.01)compared with blank-model group.(2)The effect of RA+allopurinol group was the most distinct to decrease UA level(P0.001)compare with blank-model group.(3)UA was in positive correlation with FPG and FINS after RA treatment(r=0.62,P0.05;r=0.66,P0.05),and in negative correlation with ISI(r=0.64,P0.05).Conclusion(1)Radix astragali(RA)could improve the insulin resistance.(2)RA is effective in reducing serum uric acid in IR and hyperuricemia model rats.(3)RA+allopurinol is the most distinct in decreasing UA compared with RA or allopurinol.(4)UA is in correlation to increase ISI and reduce FPG.FINS after RA on relieving insulin resistance(IR).Therefore,IR is common significant pathophysiology foundation of multiple metabolic disease,such as:hyperuricemia,diabetes mellitus,hypertension,and so on.Radix astragali(RA)can be a kind of good traditional medicine to improve the insulin resistance and IR-hyperuricemia.


Isozyme and SDS-PAGE profiling of leaf soluble proteins were studied in three contrasting rice varieties Dandi (salt tolerant), Gujari (moderately tolerant) and Masuri (sensitive) under salinity stress. Study revealed that the isozyme patterns of SOD, APOX, CAT and POX affected in rice leaf against salinity stress in combination with foliar ABA application. The differential expression of antioxidant isozymes seems to be associated with salt tolerance or salt susceptibility or responsiveness to ABA in rice. The protein profile by SDS-P AGE revealed the presence of 910 bands some of which were either expressed de novo or up/down accumulated due to salinity. Three protein bands viz 66 kDa, 29 kDa and 31 kDa seems to be influenced in leaf by salt treatment and/or salt tolerance or susceptibility of the variety.


Art is concrete, vivid and imagable. it reflects the social ideology. Philosophy is systematical and logical world view. It is a type of science concept as well as being social conscious. Philosophy bases on logical debate. Philosophy and art both belongs to the field of ideology¿s presentation appearance, which are relative and evidential.


The paper by Rotstein and Levine (2020) presents an excellent analysis and is novel and well written. The paper shines a light on the role of early-life immune system functioning in late-life cognitive functioning. The study results indicate that some childhood infectious diseases (i.e. measles) are associated with better cognitive functioning in old age. The analysis is elegant because the association between early-life viral exposure and late-life cognitive functioning is examined in more than one way. The paper raises a significant question regarding the possible mechanism underlying the positive association between the number of childhood infectious diseases and cognitive functioning in old age. One explanation is that the study data may be missing a whole population of infants who have died (i.e. selective mortality). An alternative explanation of the findings may be that these common childhood infectious diseases (which are usually not life threatening) are actually associated with less cognitive deterioration later in life, regardless of various confounding factors (e.g. education). The paper cites relevant literature that provides related examples of early-life infectious diseases having a protective effect on health in later life. For instance, the Varicella-zoster virus that causes chickenpox is reported to have an inverse association with glioma (Amirian et al., 2016). Similarly, measles and/or combined childhood infections (chickenpox, measles, mumps, pertussis, and rubella) were found protective for Hodgkin's disease (Alexander et al., 2000). Cognitive functionings, non-pathological agerelated cognitive changes, and the risk of dementia can be influenced by the developmental environment, health, and lifestyle over the life span as well as heritable factors. It is not a new concept that earlylife stressors leave their fingerprints throughout the individual life span by modulation of the inflammatory and the nervous systems and have an essential impact on brain functioning. In that context, we can consider viral infections as an acute physical stressor. Different stressors require a variety of responses, and so the nature of the stressor determines the neuronal populations that perceive a potential threat as well as the stress mediators involved in the adaptive response (Joels and Baram, 2009). The basis of the vulnerability of the developing brain to the adverse cognitive effects of early-life stress has been an area of intense research. This vulnerability results in large part from developmental processes that are still taking place during the early-life stress period. In rodents, for example, the organization of the hippocampal formation and the limbic circuit, involved in cognitive functions, take place mainly after birth, continuing through the first few weeks of life. In humans, the development of this circuit is characterized by a particularly prolonged trajectory, and refinement of cortical synapses and connectivity patterns continues for years into the adolescent period (Chen and Baram, 2016). The study of neurodegenerative diseases has led to an augmented investigation of the environmental factors involved in their origins and progression. Mounting evidence indicates that oxidative stress contributes to the etiology and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases (Concetta Scuto et al., 2019). It is noteworthy to consider the magnitude of the stressor. Evidence dates from the mid to late 1970s, to understand the adaptive response of cells and organisms as a whole, to a moderate (usually intermittent) stress, which is the hormesis mechanism (Mattson, 2008). In general, viruses result in an imbalance in the cellular redox environment, which depending on the virus and the cell could result in multiple responses (e.g. antioxidant defenses) that can be the common final pathway behind the hormesis mechanism (Camini et al., 2017). Hormesis is a biphasic dose–response that displays a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition. Hormesis defines thresholds of adaptive responses for a given system in which low doses of exposure to substances can incur positively adaptive mechanisms, while higher concentrations evoke dysfunctional or toxic effects (Calabrese et al., 2016). Accumulating evidence of the past two decades has revealed that the mechanisms and processes of the hormetic dose– response are critical for all biological systems, including the brain and the neurovascular system (Calabrese, 2016). International Psychogeriatrics (2021), 33:1, 19–20 © International Psychogeriatric Association 2021


Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of LI-ESWT as therapeutic modality in ED patients. Material & Methods: Erectile Hardness Scales (EHS) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) scores was measured in 22 patients. The observation was performed before therapy started, each therapy session, and each follow-up session. Therapy sessions were carried out once a month for 8 months and follow-up was done once a month for 8 months. Results: There was a significant increase in IIEF-5 scores since the 5th LI-ESWT therapy session (P<0.05, Wilcoxon Test). Also, there's a significant increase in EHS score in 1 month after LI-ESWT therapy sessions was completed (P=0.05, Wilcoxon Test). Conclusion: There is a significant improvement in the EHS and IIEF-5 score before and after treatment using LI-ESWT. LI-ESWT seems to be a promising future therapy for ED.


Using PD-1–deficient mice and co-adoptive transfer approaches, Odorizzi et al. demonstrate that PD-1 is not required for the induction of CD8+ T cell exhaustion (TEX) in chronic LCMV infection. The absence of PD-1 leads to more cytotoxic, but terminally differentiated TEX, with compromised long-term durability. PD-1 may well serve to protect TEX from excessive overstimulation, proliferation, and terminal differentiation.


Presentation of Case A 46-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant. He was well until 9 or 10 days earlier, when fever and intermittent severe periumbilical pain developed, lasted for a day or two, and then became localized in the right lower abdominal quadrant. He came to the Emergency Ward of this hospital, where moderate anemia was found. An x-ray film of the chest was normal, and an x-ray film of the abdomen showed no abnormality. Oxycodone–acetaminophen was prescribed, without relief. During the week before entry the pain was mild and . . .


There has been concern that the increase in non-standard or flexible employment contracts witnessed in many OECD economies is evidence of a growth in low-pay, low-quality jobs. In practice, however, it is difficult to evaluate the `quality' of flexible jobs. Previous research has either investigated objective measures of job quality such as wages and training or subjective measures such as job satisfaction. In this paper, we seek to jointly evaluate objective and subjective elements of flexible employment contracts. Specifically we develop and use an index of job quality that incorporates both subjective and objective elements. Analysis of this index demonstrates that flexible jobs are of a lower quality. However, this approach suggests that analysis of, for instance, job satisfaction alone overstates the negative impact of flexible contracts on workers.


A study was conducted to estimate the effects of nongenetic factors on body weight traits and genetic parameters of Marwari sheep maintained at the Arid Region Campus, ICAR-Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Bikaner (Rajasthan). The overall least squares means of body weight at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age were 3.16±0.02, 15.65±0.16, 21.92±0.20, 26.48±0.19 and 29.86±0.23 kg, respectively. All the genetic and non-genetic factors included in the study were found significant (P<0.01) on body weight traits except parity that was found significant only on weight at birth (P<0.01) and 3 months (P<0.05) of age. Heritability estimates for body weight at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age were 0.26±0.16, 0.16±0.05, 0.17±0.05, 0.23±0.05 and 0.24±0.05, respectively. All the genetic correlations were positive and they ranged from 0.15±0.16 to 0.86±0.05. These factors may be utilized for further genetic improvement of the flock. Moderate heritability estimates indicate the presence of genetic variability in the flock and thus, the traits can be improved effectively by selection.


Bubbly flow is a complicated flow because a bubble is deformable and the bubble-bubble and interactions work in local area including a lot of bubbles. Such flow occurring turbulence in liquid phase by each bubble is called "pseudo turbulence". A PIV is most effective to measure bubbly flow because of multidimensional measurement. Recently Dynamic PIV system consisted of high-speed camera and high-repetition laser is developed, it is possible to capture images with high resolution and time series. In this study simultaneous measurement of bubble and liquid phase is carried out using Dynamic PIV system with a high-speed camera and a double-pulse laser and an infrared laser.


A new fully digitized timing method for demodulation of BPSK/QPSK signals is presented. That is using polyphase filter to interpolate the demodulated samples,then correcting the phase of the polyphase filter according to timing error. Emulation on computer verified it a very useful method.


Objective To report one case of Non-Hodgin's lymphoma which mimicks pituitary apoplexy and review the relevant literature. Methods 66-year-old male had sudden onset of headache, vomiting and oculomotor nerve paralysis. CT and MRI demonstrated the presentations of pituitary apoplexy.The patient underwent transsphenoidal surgery for presumed pituitary apoplexy. Results Intraoperative and histopathological findings were consistent with Non-Hodgin 's lymphoma. Conclusions The clinical and imaging features of sella Non-Hodgin's lymphoma can have similar presentation to that of hemorrhagic pituitary tumors , making it indistinguishable from pituitary apoplexy.


Malnutrition is a state of de fi ciencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person ' s intake of energy and or nutrients (1) . Undernutrition, micronutrient-related malnutrition and overweight, obesity and diet-related noncommunicable diseases are the three broad groups of conditions that malnutrition encompasses (2) . Around 45% of deaths among children under age 5 years are linked to Undernutrition (1) . In 2019, globally, about 144 million children less than 5 years of age suffered from stunting, 47 million children under age 5 were wasted of which 14.3 were severely wasted and 38.3 million were overweight (3) . The goal of a nutrition intervention is to resolve or improve a nutrition diagnosis or nutrition problem by provision of advice, counselling, education, or delivery of a food component of a speci fi c diet or meal plan tailored to a patient ' s needs (4) . Thus the objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the ef fi cacy of the nutrition interventions administered for the treatment of malnutrition among children under the age of 5. Maternal and Child Nutrition Journal, BMJ Global Health, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Public Health Nutrition, and the Journal of Nutrition were searched from the Scopus and Schimago databases for this systematic review. Randomized con-trolled trials, cohorts, and case studies published between January 2013 and September 2020 that focused on treatment and manage-ment of malnutrition among children under the age of 5 were eligible for inclusion. The authors independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias of 10 included studies using Cochrane ' s tool for assessing the risk of bias in randomized trials. The 13 included studies contained a sample of 45,781 under 5 children from Low and Middle-Income Countries diagnosed with severe acute, moderate acute, global acute, severe wasting,


Index system for bridge maintenance is unaltered relatively in stage of bridge state evaluation. But during the bridge life, along with development of every part's material and change of technology, the index system of maintenance decision should be optimized aptly, even incarnate the change of maintenance regulation. Based on the execution of maintenance project, the method of data collection, which is needed by maintenance decision, is advanced qualitatively and quantitatively. The AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is used in building index system that offers decision support specially. According as commendatory means of bridge colligation evaluation in "Highway Bridge Maintenance Criterion", confirm the weight of index in system of decision. Some weights of index's sensitivity are analyzed. The guarantee for decision support in bridge life is offered, by researching the index that has more affection to maintenance decision practically. It will offer intelligent support for the maintenance management leaders to making decision exactly before the danger.


The invention relates to a method for preparing quinocetone. The method comprises the following steps of: dissolving benzofuroxan by using methanol and adding diacetone, a catalyst and a dehydrating agent to perform condensation reaction; directly adding benzaldehyde and a catalyst into the reaction mixture; heating to perform the second-step reaction to prepare a quinocetone-containing reaction mixture; filtering the reaction mixture after the second-step reaction; washing by using alcohol and/or washing by using water; and drying under reduced pressure to obtain the quinocetone product. Themethod is different from the traditional two-step method and the quinocetone product can be directly prepared in the same reaction container, so production cost is reduced and environmental pollutionis reduced. In addition, the yield of the quinocetone prepared by the method is over 83 percent and is much higher than the yield, which is 75 percent, of the quinocetone prepared by the traditional preparation method. The product quality meets the standard of the 2003 edition of 'veterinary medicine quality standard' of Department of Agriculture.


The aim of the presented research is to prepare thermally stable nickel zinc ferrite, with suitable Ni/Zn ratio, and examine the effect of partial substitution of Zn ions with Cu and Co ions on the structural and magnetic properties. For that purpose, there were prepared the NixZn1-xFe2O4 (x = 0.30, 0.33, 0.36, 0.42, 0.50, 0.70) and Ni0.33Zn0.57Me0.1Fe2O4 (Me = Cu /Co) ferrite compositions by the self-propagated combustion method at the temperature of 850°C. Applied method of preparation allows to obtain oxide based materials with small particles and low process temperatures.


Professor Stanford is critical of computer programs that have been developed for use in economics and business courses. He admits to having "mixed feelings" about the use of computer models as classroom teaching devices, but recognizes their great potential. His fear is that the ceteris paribus methodology has not been adequately implemented when computer models have been constructed for use in the classroom. Consequently, he has constructed a set of computerized game models which feature "options for varying degrees of complexity." These models, which permit progression from the simple to the complex, and which enable instructors to demonstrate the effects of changing variables, are brielly described in this article.


Objective : This experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of Soyum Herbal-acupuncture, Hwangryunhaedoktang & Coptidis rhizoma on Staphylococcus epidermidis that induce keratitis. Methods : MIC was measured by dropping to according to density Soyum Herbal-acupuncture, Hwangryunhaedoktang & Coptidis rhizoma(100%, 10%, 1%, 0.1%). Anti-bacterial potency was measured by the size of inhibition zone with change of volume. Results : 1. MIC on Staphylococcus epidermidis in Soyum Herbal-acupuncture dippear all sample. 2. MIC on Staphylococcus epidermidis in Hwangryunhaedoktang disappear all sample. 3. MIC on Staphylococcus epidermidis in Coptidis rhizoma was 100%, and anti-bacterial potency increase compare with quantity. Conclusions : The present author think that Soyum Herbal-acupuncture must be extracted a new method for anti-bacterial potency and Coptidis rhizoma was made Herbal-acupuncture for eye drops.


This paper considers the problem of constrained stabilization of linear continuous-time systems when a quadratic cost criterion is imposed in the design of the state feedback control law. The linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is solved under positivity constraint, which means that the resulting closed-loop systems are not only optimally stable, but also positive. We focus on the class of linear continuous-time positive systems (Metzlerian systems) and use the interesting properties of Metzler matrices to provide the necessary ingredients for the main results of the paper. A two-step procedure is proposed to solve the problem. First, some necessary and sufficient conditions are presented for the existence of controllers satisfying the Metzlerian constraint, and the constrained stabilization is solved using linear programming (LP) or linear matrix inequality (LMI). Second, a sufficient condition is outlined for the existence of a solution to maintain the positivity of the first step while achieving the optimality of LQR. Finally, the robustness of the design is analyzed and possible extension of the design is proposed for an uncertain interval systems. A numerical example is included to illustrate the procedure.


By using the method of documentary investigation,comparison,investigation,logical analysis and mathematical statistics,this paper discusses the background of establishing physical education curriculum program in early 21~(st) century,it's guide ideology and basic ideas.Based on the course of physical education reform and development,and sum up 61 colleges' basic teaching plan,the author sets up physical education curriculum program.


Electrical insulators are largely employed in the hot lines to isolate the electricity conductors from the earth and suppor them at the towers. Nowadays, there are several kinds of isolatores for such application. Particularly, the glass insulators are largely employed in Brazil, and it is known to have a long useful life, able to reach more than 40 years. From the constructive point of view, the glass insulator is made of tempered glass and has an excellent dielectric property, and it can treated as a RC electrical circuit. In good environment,dry and without pollution, a glass insulator supports up to 80 kV in air, and not more than 12 kV when it is broken. In the field, the glass insulators are subjected to a vulnerable environment and they are damaged by the vandalism actions. Energy interruption due to the vandalism is a national problem and responsible for a significant number of breakout, reaching a value of around 75%. At the present work, a study was conducted to build and test a system of protection to protect the glass part of insulator from the vandalism, using an insulator material. Among several insulating materials, the polycarbonate was selected based on an engineering procedure. The mechanical resistance of a protection system was evaluated with impact test in the laboratory and ballistic test. High-tension test was conducted with the industrial frequency (60 Hz) and impulse. Furthermore, to evaluate and improve the life of polycarbonate in the field, ultraviolet spectroscopy study and irradiation of glass were conducted. A test of the resistance to impact on the protection system made of polycarbonate of 6 mm in thickness was evaluated with a equipment of impact with pendulum setting. As a result, values of 515 J and 205 J were obtained for a system with and without polycarbonate protection. In the ballistic test, projectiles from Magnum 44, equivalent to a rifle, could break up to 3 glass insulators of the chain when each insulator was protected with a plate of polycarbonate. In terms of test with high tension, the polycarbonate practically did not showed significant influence on the values of disruptive tension. With the industrial frequency test, a chain with 16 glass insulators, with 9 broken insulators and 10 plates of polycabornate installed, found a close values, 500 kV. The policarbonato showed a good dimensional stability after the occurrence of electric discharge in the breakdown test, and it did not allowed the flame ignition. Ultraviolet spectroscopic measurement showed that the UV protection layer on policarbonato is effective to absorb subtantially the harmful rays. On the other hand, the technique to irradiate the soda-lime-silica glass with γ-ray can improve substantially the values of absorption of UV cut-off. As received glass showed the cut-off value at 325 nm. After irradiation, the cut-off value passed to 600 nm. In order to test the effect of temperature on the cut-off value, the glass samples were heated at 70°C for seven days. As a result, no significant changes in the values of cut-off was observed. In terms of fading, 30 days after irradiation with γ-ray, no change was observed. Furthermore, an evaluation of cost efective calculation on application of plate of polycarbonate as a protection system, a value of R$ 27,73 was found.


To evaluate temporal changes in the geographic distribution of Parkinson's disease (PD) mortality in the United States, we reviewed death rates for PD in the nine regions of the United States for 1980-1984. Age-adjusted mortality for all ages and for the elderly (65 years of age and older) was analyzed. Variation in PD mortality was observed among the regions for all demographic groups. The patterns were different from those reported during 1959-1961. Changing geographic patterns in mortality provide evidence for an environmental etiology for PD.


To verify whether advanced maternal age (AMA), defined as women of ≥35 years, is associated with premature and early‐term birth in Brazil, according to the onset of labor (spontaneous or provider‐initiated).


The Internet of Things (IoT) connects a huge number of IoT devices, including sensors, actuators, computing nodes, etc. Those IoT devices communicate with each other by using different communication techniques. Generally, LTE, 5G, and WiFi are involved in IoT to support communication. However, it needs considerable communication infrastructures to support wireless communication. An obvious issue is how to create a communication network in some regions that have less communication support. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a kind of wireless ad hoc network, which organizes a huge number of wireless sensors to create a self-organized wireless network. Therefore, the WSN is a potential approach to providing communication in those regions. Since WSN is highly dynamic, how to create the wireless network to provide optimal coverage rate is still open. In this article, we propose a dynamic wireless sensor deployment scenarios that provide optimal coverage rate in a certain region. Our model proposes a coverage rate based on possible disaster scenarios for communication between Base Stations and UAVs. We optimize the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and find the maximum coverage rate.


Glutathione(γ-glutamylcysteinylglycine,GSH is the reduced form),the most ubiquitous low molecular weight non-protein thiol compound,is widely dist ributed in almost all the aerobic organisms.Being one of the important physiological active peptides,GSH plays many physiological functions in the cells,for instance,maintenance of normal redox potential in the cells,radical scavenger,detoxification of various cytotoxic compounds,antioxidant,and so on.As glutathione has wide application potential in medicine,food,cosmetic and so on,the commercial demand for GSH has been expanding.The main technique for GSH preparation at present is by biotechnological method,which comprises enzymatic transformation and microbial fermentation.In this article,GSH production by fermentative approach was reviewed.The screening of strains for high GSH production,optimization and control of the bioprocess,and the extraction and purification of GSH were described in detail.In the end,the problems to be solved and the foreground for biotechnological production of GSH were briefly prospected.


The Internet of Things (IoT) has brought Internet connectivity to devices from different domains and with different constraints. This, however, requires system developers to have a deep understanding of the individual devices' functionalities to achieve a successful integration. The Thing Description (TD) standard from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is able to describe such device capabilities in a machine and human-readable format. While this standardization effort already provides many benefits to developers, the lack of easy-to-deploy virtual device instances introduces issues such as an increased risk for errors during the integration phase of IoT systems.In this paper, we introduce a novel method to create virtual instances of IoT devices based on their TD that act like the real device, which we call the Shadow Thing Method (STM). In the development and deployment stages of IoT systems, STM can be applied to deploy an instance to act as a smart proxy to address different problems, while requiring no programming experience or effort. We show for three different use cases that in addition to the simulation benefits, STM brings scalability, reliability, and safety to the existing IoT systems, making the adoption of IoT feasible for a wider audience.


Apparent absorption edge, transmissivity and true characteristic absorption edge of multi-domain single crystal of barium titanate have been measured in dependence on temperature covering the three transition points, -70°C, 5°C and 120°C. The true characteristic absorption edge shifts linearly with the temperature coefficient quite close to that in ionic crystals which has so far been well known. Both the apparent absorption edge and the transmissivity exhibit quite steep hysteresis curves especially near -70°C. It may be due to the domain structure which is expected to develope when the lattice changes from orthorhombic to rhombohedral near this transition point.


The Bavarian Forest National Park, established in 1970, is a unique area of forests with large non-intervention zones, which promote a large scale rewilding process with low human interference. Thus, there is a high interest of the National Park authority to investigate the structure and dynamics of the forest ecosystems within the park. However, conventional forest inventories are time-consuming and not able to fully record the heterogeneity of natural forests.
Our goal is to develop advanced techniques for species mapping based on hyperspectral remote sensing in combination with other remote sensing and in-situ measurements that meet the demands of the National Park and emphasize the ecological value of a forest. These advanced techniques need to be adapted to the heterogeneous appearance of the forest comprising larger standing and lying deadwoods as well as lack of larger pure species stands.
Previous studies showed that the combination of hyperspectral and LiDAR data can be very effective and accurate for tree species classification. However, the quality of classification is limited by different factors, e.g. high intraspecies spectral variability and interspecies spectral similarity. Objective of this study is to develop a feature data base for improved tree species mapping using image based spectral information, LiDAR based structural information as well as botanical information.
This work aims at building a model transferable to an area wide mapping of tree species based on the needs of the Bavarian Forest National Park. It reveals the requirements for tree species mapping and shows which spectral/spatial features and data combinations generate the best results within a Random Forest modelling approach.


As many companies are performing brand management as a marketing strategy to establish long-term relationships with their customers, consumers decide the actual purchasing behavior by understanding the brand attributes of the relevant company based on an evaluation standard of the products. This paper provides the basic data for improving the competitiveness of the coffee shop market continuously, and analyzes the influential relationships between each variable by limiting the brand attributes of the coffee shop and the price fairness factor that would be expected to affect the consumers'' purchasing behavior as the cause variables. The results showed that the-out of brand attribute factors of the coffee shop, the brand awareness and perceived quality had significant effects on the price fairness while the influence of the shop image on the price fairness was not verified. In addition, all the brand awareness, shop image, and perceived quality had significant effects on the purchasing behavior while the statistical significance between price fairness and purchasing behavior was verified. The rationality of the price presented by the coffee shop could be judged depending on the quality perceived by the consumers. Similarly, once consumers classified the propriety of price and then perceived that a suitable price had been set up regarding the quality and service provided by the coffee shop, it was highly possible for them to include it in their actual purchasing behavior, despite the higher price than other brands''. Further research on the psychological variables affecting the purchasing behavior by securing more diverse consumers to understand their purchasing behavior for a wide range of research subjects and the generalization of research results, will provide useful data for establishing marketing measures necessary to form strong relationships between consumers and brand in the currently-saturated coffee shop market.


Patients with incomplete forms of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) associated with solid tumors have been described in the literature, but they have not been sufficiently appreciated. A review of reports of children with asymmetry and intra-abdominal malignancy disclosed 12 patients who might represent BWS either incompletely manifested or insufficiently described1-12 (Table). Seven of these patients had nephroblastomas,1-7 two had adrenal cortical carcinomas,8,9 two had hepatoblastomas,10,11 and one had hepatocellular carcinoma.12 Three of these children had, or subsequently developed, a second tumor. One had nephroblastoma and adrenal adenoma1 another a bilateral cortical carcinoma metastatic to the liver and a lumbar lipoma9; the last one a nephroblastoma followed by the appearance of adrenal cortical carcinoma and breast fibroadenoma.7


The Deactivation and Decommissioning Focus Area within the US Department of Energy's (DOE's) Environmental Management Program has been evaluating the performance of innovative and improved decontamination and decommissioning (D and D) technologies in seven large-scale demonstration and deployment projects (LSDDPs). These seven LSDDPs are as follows: (1) Argonne Chicago Pile 5 Research Reactor; (2) Fernald Plant 1 Uranium Processing Facility; (3) Hanford C Production Reactor; (4) Mound Tritium Facilities; (5) Los Alamos National Laboratory Plutonium Glove Boxes; (6) Idaho National Environmental and Engineering Laboratory Underwater reactors; and (7) Savannah River Site Fuel Fabrication Facility 321-M. In LSDDPs, innovative/improved D and D technologies are evaluated alongside the competing baseline technologies for specific applications within DOE's ongoing decommissioning projects. Technologies are evaluated for their potential to reduce cost, improve safety, reduce radiation dose, accelerate schedule, and minimize waste. This paper identifies innovative/improved technologies that were demonstrated to have superior safety features compared to their competing baseline technologies. Safety improvements include eliminating workers at heights, reducing tripping hazards, suppressing noise, reducing airborne particulate, eliminating thermal hazards, minimizing pinch points, reducing vibration, reducing heat stress, reducing fatigue, isolating workers from areas with high radiation, and monitoring of health and safety of workers in the more » field. « less


In good time before the turn of the century the Chambers 20th Century Dictionary has been retitled. As Tom Me Arthur writes in his foreword, 'The Chambers tradition', the publishers have taken up the old title of a Chambers Dictionary of 1872, before the 20th Century became 'the flagship of the Chambers fleet'. The editors have seized the opportunity to make the new edition even bigger than the already enlarged 1983 edition, and also to use bigger type. This makes the 1988 edition in outward appearance alone very different from that of 1972, which was 'the first entirely new edition of the 20th Century Dictionary in 20 years' (1972 edition, p. iv).


Intense international competitiveness due to the phenomenon of globalization coupled with the strong growth of the world population has required increasingly the increase in consumer goods production and food. Such competitiveness has resulted in highly worrying environmental impacts either by increased generation of waste, either by expansion of the agricultural frontier resulting strong pressure on natural resources. The great challenge of this early century is to enable sustainable development. The Environmental Law emerges as a way to give effect to quality of life concepts formulated by professionals of the natural sciences. This study used the deductive method seeking, from a bibliographic research shows the importance of the principles of environmental law in the effectiveness of the protection of natural resources, providing means for solving interpretation of conflict of laws rules and guidance for  public policy makers or the creation of standards, both in the incorporation of the environmental variable in decision-making.


One of the main setbacks to integrated knowledge management between fishers, managers and scientists is the lack of, and an inability to capture, reliable, eligible data. For scientists, unreliable data leads to a poor basis for stock assessment models and management programs. For industry, the lack of sound data significantly reduces fishing efficiency, since past performance cannot be studied properly. As a result, poor management decisions based on unreliable analyses are made, often with substantial cost and risk to fish resources and the fishing industry. A key step in addressing this issue is unifying all sectors with regard to data collection and management. In response to this need, Olrac, a South African Company, has developed an electronic logbook software, OLFISH, with the aim of bridging the datagaps between fisher, manager and scientist. The adaptive and flexible design of OLFISH makes it an effective and useful tool for ALL marine-related interest groups, from the fishers themselves to commercial managers, governmental agencies and scientists alike. OLFISH is used extensively in many fisheries around the world Three case studies: 1. Albatross Task Force: Their use of the OLFISH software to collect and analyze data regarding interactions between seabirds and fishing activities around the world. 2. Olfish EU logbook solution: An adaptation of the software to comply with EU regulation (EC) No 1077/2008. 3. Environmental Defence Fund: A pilot project introducing elog technology to the Gulf of Mexico"s commercial and recreational fleet.


High data rate wireless networks (1 Gbps and up) are in the horizon and several standards are in the works. However, the task of designing multiple access protocols for such networks is fraught with new challenges as the bandwidth independent overheads dominate. We show that even when such overheads are kept at a minimum, the performance of multiple access protocols can be very poor. However, perfor mance can be improved significantly by splitting the given bandwidth into multiple channels and running the multiple access protocol independently on these channels. Taking an 802.11-like CSMA/CA (DCF) protocol as an example we show via a modeling exercise how such channelization can improve performance and why it needs to be adaptive to traffic demand. We develop an Adaptive Multichannel (AMC) protocol and study its performance via simulations. In addition, we also investigate a single-channel ExtendedReservationprotocol in a high speed setting. Here, a sender, upon winning the contention, reserves the channel for multi ple packet transmissions. We show that the Extended-Reservati on protocol performs better than the single channel 802.11-li ke DCF protocol and is comparable to adaptive multichannel protocol (AMC), but it suffers from an inherent unfairness issue due to which many nodes starve for channel access. The multichannel protocol, on the other hand, is devoid of any fairness problems. Finally, we develop a 'scaled down' prototype implementation using the USRP/GNURadio platform to demonstrate that adaptive channelization can be practical using appropriat e programmable radio hardware and has tremendous performance potential. Taking our modeling, simulation and experiment al results together, our work shows that a throughput gain of a factor of 2 is not unrealistic.


Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an incurable genetic disease and those who suffer from it typically die in their second decade. The disease is currently incurable. The objective of this study was to facilitate cost effective high throughput drug screening for DMD. In order to achieve that we developed a worm treadmill platform. Using electrotaxis, the worm treadmill reveals a unique phenotype for dys‐1 (dystrophin) mutants comparable to DMD mouse model. Briefly, the nematode, C. elegans, displays a specific locomotion response to various stimuli including food, chemicals, and electricity. C. elegans' response to electricity has been previously well described and dubbed electrotaxis ‐ the repeatable behavior of crawling toward the negative pole when subjected to an electric field. For the first time, we used this behavior to initiate and maintain locomotion in order to perform exhaustion tests.


The influence of the substrate temperature during deposition on various semiconducting parameters viz. Hall coefficient (RH), conductivity (σ), Hall mobility (μH), carrier concentration (n) and mean free path (ι0) of vacuum deposited films of Tl2Se and Tl2Te compounds has been studied. Increasing values of RH , σ, μH and ι0 with increasing substrate temperature are explained by a decrease of growth defects of the films with rising substrate temperature.


The present study investigated the causes to which parents attribute their children's academic successes and failures during children's transition from preschool to primary school. It followed 182 mothers and 167 fathers of 207 children. The parents completed a questionnaire concerning their causal attributions, level of education, and parenting styles in the middle of the preschool year and during Grades 1 and 2. The children's performance in reading and mathematics was tested at the beginning of the preschool year. The results showed that, while the children were in preschool, parents attributed their children's success to ability and teaching. When the children moved to primary school, parents increasingly attributed their children's success to ability, whereas they typically attributed failure to lack of effort. Furthermore, the higher the level of performance the children showed, the more the parents attributed their children's success to ability and the less they attributed it to teaching.


Quantum mechanically exact analytical solutions are obtained for a two-state exponential model, in which the exponent of diabatic coupling is one-half of that of the diabatic potential curve. A very simple and accurate semiclassical formula is found for the nonadiabatic transition probability. This gives a direct generalization of the Landau-Zener and Rosen-Zener formulas.


An active fault accommodation control law is developed for a class of nonlinear systems to guarantee the closed-loop stability in the presence of a fault, based on a fuzzy logic system representation of the dynamics due to faults. It uses fuzzy logic system to approximate the dynamic caused by the fault. Through the adaptive process of the parameters, the dynamics caused by the fault is counteracted. The fuzzy sliding mode control is introduced to attenuate the fuzzy approximation error. The closed-loop system is stable in Lyapunov sense and the tracking error converges to a neighbourhood of zero. The example shows that the fault accommodation control law is effective for nonlinear systems.


The outstanding optoelectronic and valleytronic properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have triggered intense research efforts by the scientific community. An alternative to induce long‐range ferromagnetism (FM) in TMDs is by introducing magnetic dopants to form a dilute magnetic semiconductor. Enhancing ferromagnetism in these semiconductors not only represents a key step toward modern TMD‐based spintronics, but also enables exploration of new and exciting dimensionality‐driven magnetic phenomena. To this end, tunable ferromagnetism at room temperature and a thermally induced spin flip (TISF) in monolayers of V‐doped WSe2 are shown. As vanadium concentration increases, the saturation magnetization increases, which is optimal at ≈4 at% vanadium; the highest doping level ever achieved for V‐doped WSe2 monolayers. The TISF occurs at ≈175 K and becomes more pronounced upon increasing the temperature toward room temperature. The TISF can be manipulated by changing the vanadium concentration. The TISF is attributed to the magnetic‐field‐ and temperature‐dependent flipping of the nearest W‐site magnetic moments that are antiferromagnetically coupled to the V magnetic moments in the ground state. This is fully supported by a recent spin‐polarized density functional theory study. The findings pave the way for the development of novel spintronic and valleytronic nanodevices and stimulate further research.


The unfortunate pronouncements of Menéndez y Pelayo have condemned the poetry of the early Spanish cancioneros to undeserved neglect. A revision is in order, for the subject has importance for both Spanish and comparative literature. This poetry is not a mere jumble of far-fetched superficialities. Progressively purged of license and adapted to Christian courtship and marriage, it yet preserves in fairly definite shape the traditional pattern of courtly love. It is necessary to apply to Spanish cancionero poetry concepts that have been worked out for other European literatures.


This paper studies a sample of large acquisitions completed between 1971 and 1982. By the end of 1989, acquirers have divested almost 44 percent of the target companies. The authors characterize the ex post success of the divested acquisitions and consider 34 percent to 50 percent of classified divestitures as unsuccessful. Acquirer returns and total (acquirer and target) returns at the acquisition announcement are significantly lower for unsuccessful divestitures than for successful divestitures and acquisitions not divested. Although diversifying acquisitions are almost four times more likely to be divested than related acquisitions, they do not find strong evidence that diversifying acquisitions are less successful than related ones. Copyright 1992 by American Finance Association.


Surgery is undergoing revolutionary changes due to newerapproaches to pain control, the introduction of techniques thatreduce the perioperative stress response, and the use of minimallyinvasive operations. Subsequently, many surgical procedures(such as arthroscopic surgery, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, eyesurgery, sterilisation procedures, herniorrhaphy, and cosmeticoperations) are routinely performed on an outpatient basis. Recentlypublished pilot studies suggest that when these newer approachesare used in patients undergoing more complex elective surgicalprocedures, postoperative complications can be reduced, lengthof hospital stay decreased, and time to recovery shortened. Thisreview of recent advances made in this newly developing specialtyof fast track surgery will emphasise techniques that facilitate earlyrecovery after major surgical procedures.


Abstract In surveys, non-sampling errors, due to their complex nature, are more challenging to quantify compared to sampling errors. Avoiding the release of these errors, however, results in biased survey estimates. In our previous paper, we devised the best interviewer allocation technique by using a nested experimental design to study response error estimation. In this study, in order to illustrate the effectiveness of this methodology in a different context, we apply it in interview-reinterview surveys relating to the time use and life satisfaction of academicians at Middle East Technical University, Turkey. An analysis of the pilot survey data showed that only half of the data was reliable, while the other half revealed interviewer effects. Prior to the main survey, interviewers underwent training in the course of which particular emphasis was put on the above-mentioned questions. In effect, the previously observed response variances which accounted for the total variance and data unreliability, were reduced considerably, increasing the quality of the main survey.


New technology for the representation of music in symbolic form (such as IEEE Standard P1599 developed by the authors) allows the realization of computer tools that transform the activity of listening to music in an enjoyable learning experience. This article gives a brief description of the standard and its features and of a simple browser realised to illustrate this technology.


Human oral epithelial lesions showing epithelial dysplasia were contrasted with hamster cheek pouch lesions induced by DMBA using the Smith & Pindborg (1969) technique for epithelial atypia scoring. It is concluded that the histological features of dysplasia in the hamster are closely similar to human lesions.


The explosive 2022 Tonga submarine volcanic eruption produced a globally propagated atmospheric disturbance. A leading Lamb wave pulse was recorded as a pressure pulse worldwide. A weather‐station network in Japan recorded the pressure pulse together with temperature and wind conditions during the passage of the pulse. Individual temperature and wind records indicate little simultaneous change. However, after alignment of records at the time of pressure pulse arrivals and stacking, clear temperature and wind changes synchronized with the pressure change are evident. Assuming Lamb wave propagation, the synthesized temperature and wind changes from the pressure record show a good match with the observed waveforms. The observed wind speed and pressure change of the Lamb pulse yielded a total energy transported by the pulse of 4.2 × 1016 J.


BACKGROUND
With no consensus on the optimal management strategy for asymptomatic retained bullet fragments (RBF), the emerging data on RBF lead toxicity have become an increasingly important issue. There however are a paucity of data on the magnitude of this problem. The aim of this study was to address this by characterizing the incidence and distribution of RBF.

METHODS
A trauma registry was utilized to identify all patients sustaining a GSW from 7/01/2015 - 6/31/2016. After excluding deaths during the index admission, clinical demographics, injury characteristics, presence and location of RBF, management, and outcomes, were analyzed.

RESULTS
Overall, 344 patients were admitted for a GSW; of which 298 (86.6%) of these were non-fatal. Of these, 225 (75.5%) had an RBF. During the index admission, 23 (10.2%) had complete RBF removal, 35 (15.6%) had partial, and 167 (74.2%) had no removal. Overall, 202 (89.8%) patients with non-fatal GSW were discharged with an RBF. The primary indication for RBF removal was immediate intraoperative accessibility (n=39, 67.2%). The most common location for an RBF was in the soft tissue (n= 132, 58.7%). Of the patients discharged with an RBF, mean age was 29.5 years, (range, 6.1 - 62.1 years), 187 (92.6%) were male, with a mean ISS 8.6 (range, 1 - 75). 116 (57.4%) received follow-up and of these, 13 (11.2%) returned with an RBF related complication [infection (n=4), pain (n=7), fracture nonunion (n=1) and bone erosion (n=1)], with a mean time to complication of 130.2 days (range, 11 - 528 days). Four (3.4%) required RBF removal with a mean time to removal of 146.0 days (range, 10 - 534 days).

CONCLUSIONS
RBFs are very common after a non-fatal GSW. During the index admission, only a minority are removed. Only a fraction of these are removed during follow up for complications. As lead toxicity data accumulates, further follow-up studies are warranted.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level III, Prognostic and Epidemiological.


In Western Europe, debates surrounding the integration of 'Muslim' women over the last decade signify the ways in which racialized notions of gender and sexuality have come to define acceptable and unacceptable ways of being European. Discourses concerning the wearing of the headscarf and 'honour crimes' are particular ways in which 'Muslim' genders are produced, condemned and held responsible for posing a threat to supposedly stable European values of gender equality and sexual emancipation. This article examines some of the interventions by feminist and gay activists Germany regarding the veil and so-called honour crimes, which reflect an increasing acceptance of the state's escalating racialization processes on the part of activists. The article concludes that the very racialization of the category 'Muslim' needs to be examined not only in a postcolonial context but also how this process has emerged after 9/11 and the 'War on Terror'.


In this article an approach for the analysis and prediction of soc- cer match results is proposed. It is based on a regularized Poisson regression model that includes various potentially influential covariates describing the national teams' success in previous FIFA World Cups. Additionally, sim- ilar to Bradley-Terry-Luce models, dierences of team-specific eects of the competing teams are included. It is discussed that within the gener- alized linear model (GLM) framework the team-specific eects can either be incorporated in the form of fixed or random eects. In order to achieve variable selection and shrinkage, we use tailored Lasso approaches. Based on the three preceding FIFA World Cups, two competing models for the prediction of the FIFA World Cup 2014 are fitted and investigated. Keywords Football, FIFA World Cup 2014, Sports tournaments, Gener- alized linear model, Lasso, Variable selection.


Cement manufacturing industry is one of the carbon dioxide emitting sources besides deformation and burning of fossil fuels. The global warming is caused by the emission of green house gases, such as co Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Prist University, Trichy-Thanjavur Highway, Vallam, Thanjavur, INDIA 2, to the atmosphere. Among the greenhouse gases co2


The optimization of the growth temperature in organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE) for unstrained Ga/sub 0.47/In/sub 0.53/As/InP quantum wells (QWs) to realize atomically flat heterointerfaces and excellent optical qualities is described. GaInAs/InP QWs with narrow photoluminescence linewidths at 4.2 K have been grown at an optimal growth temperature of around 620 degrees C. It is shown that strained-layer Ga/sub 1-x/In/sub x/As/InP (0.53<or=x<or=0.71) QWs grown by OMVPE have no disadvantages in optical or interfacial qualities.<<ETX>>


The inadequacy of sustainable energy is endlessly posing major challenges globally. The issue of energy optimisation is indispensable for manufacturing sector, particularly for a hot-dip galvanising process where galvanising furnaces are the significant energy users. This study is aimed at comparative analysis of specific energy consumption and energy consumption benchmarking in four galvanising plants with the view to necessitate the identification of best practices. Energy baselines were used as quantitative reference points to compare energy performance indicators and quantify fluctuations in energy performance during the baseline and reporting periods. A quantitative analysis was also conducted to benchmark four galvanising facilities on factors that included the electricity/zinc ratio, electricity /dips ratio and product tonnage/zinc used ratio. The results revealed improved performance for plant 4 over time relative to the baseline consumption when compared to plants 1, 2 and 3. Plant 4 also outperformed other facilities after the energy efficiency interventions in terms of electricity/zinc ratio and electricity/ product tonnage ratio. Given the disparity between the results of specific energy consumption (SEC) for the four plants, it was concluded that SEC alone should not be used as an energy performance indicator .


Nicotiana alata is an ornamental plant. It is a member of family Solanasea. Tobacco (Nicotiana spp.) is one of the most important commercial crops in the world. Wild Nicotiana species, as a store house of genes for several diseases and pests, in addition to genes for several important phytochemicals and quality traits which are not present in cultivated varieties. Inter simple sequence repeat DNA (ISSR) analysis was used to determine the degree of genetic variation in treated haploid Nicotiana alata plants. Total genomic DNAs from different treated haploid plantlets were amplified using five specific primers. All primers were polymorphic. A total of 209 bands were amplified of which 135 (59.47%) polymorphic across the radiation treatments. Whilst, the level of polymorphism among the salinity treatments were 181 (85.6%). Whereas, the polymorphism among the combined effects between gamma radiation doses and salinity concentrations were 283 (73.95%). Treatments relationships were estimated through cluster analysis (UPGMA) based on ISSR data.


Abstract The duration of matches has been a common concern in professional tennis. Governing bodies have recently begun to introduce new match formats, like Fast4, to curb match lengths yet the impact of these formats on the professional game remains poorly understood. In this paper, we develop a shot-level Monte Carlo match simulation approach for estimating the duration, points played, and upset probability given a specific match format. Our model is built on validated models of the in-play and between-play time of matches using Hawk-eye tracking data and publicly available shot-level tennis statistics. When we applied our models to a variety of match formats with serve characteristics representative of current elite players, we found that Fast4 formats had an expected duration of 60 minutes, best of 3 averaged 90 minutes, and best of 5 averaged 120 minutes. Our results also showed that longer matches favor the better player and make match outcomes more predictable. Fast4 formats had a typical upset frequency of 20% compared to 13% for best of 3 matches and 10% for best of 5 matches. The modeling approach we have developed can be a useful resource for tennis governing bodies in assessing the impact of new match formats.


PhytoKeys was established less than a year ago in response to four main publication challenges of our time: (1) the appearance of electronic publications as amendments or even alternatives to paper publications; (2) Open Access (OA) as a new publishing model; (3) the linkage of electronic registers, indices, and aggregators, which summarize information on biological species through taxonomic names or their persistent identifiers; and (4) Web 2.0 technologies, which permit the semantic markup of, and semantic enhancements to, published biological texts. The appearance of the journal was concomitant with lively discussions on the validity of nomenclatural acts published electronically (Knapp and Wright 2010, Knapp et al. 2010, Penev et al. 2010, Chapman et al. 2010). At the XVIII International Botanical Congress in Melbourne in July 2011 (IBC 2011) these discussions culminated in the decision to amend the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature to allow electronic-only publishing of new taxa. Even before the end of the Congress and formal acceptance of the changes PhytoKeys was able to publish a report on the main outcomes of the Nomenclature Section on electronic publishing (Miller et al. 2011).

During the year preceding the IBC 2011, PhytoKeys invested significant effort and resources in preparing the journal's infrastructure to meet the new challenges of electronic-only publication. PhytoKeys was the first journal to mandate the inclusion of International Plant Name Index (IPNI) identifiers in all original descriptions of new species (protologues) and hence a workflow for pre-publication registration of nomenclatural acts. Although the Nomenclature Section in Melbourne declined a proposal for mandatory pre-publication registration for acts in plants and algae, it approved the mandatory registration of fungal names on and after 1 January 2013 (see McNeill and Turland 2011, Hawksworth 2011 and Norvell in press for details). Following its proclaimed policy to always be at the forefront of biodiversity publishing, Pensoft launched MycoKeys, a sister journal to PhytoKeys, which requires mandatory inclusion of the MycoBank registration numbers in the protologues of new species (Lumbsch et al. 2011, Hawksworth 2011).

PhytoKeys has also been at the vanguard of "atomized" content, i.e., to separately distribute the taxonomic information included in a paper to relevant on-line aggregators. Thanks to its advanced XML-based editorial workflow, the journal exports taxon treatments to the Encyclopedia of Life, the Plazi Treatment Repository, and Wiki (Species-ID) on the day of publication. PhytoKeys also provides an established infrastructure for data publishing in cooperation with the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and the Dryad Data Repository.

Another important aspect of electronic publishing of nomenclatural acts is the long-term archival preservation of e-publications. Unfortunately, the Nomenclature Section in Melbourne addressed this question only in Recommendation 29A (see Knapp et al. 2011 in the present volume). Nonetheless, PhytoKeys now has a solution in place for this problem through a successful application for archiving in PubMedCentral, perhaps the most important archive for biomedical literature in the world. Thanks to adoption of TaxPub (www.sourceforge.net/projects/taxpub), an extension of the Journal Archiving and Interchange Tag Suite (JATS) maintained by the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM), all papers published in PhytoKeys will be archived in PubMedCentral in three versions, as PDF (the version which constitutes effective publication under the new rules, see Knapp et al. 2011, this volume), HTML, and XML. In addition, all images associated with a paper are stored and indexed in duplicate, as separate files. An additional guarantee for the long-term preservation of publications containing the names of new taxa is the wide dissemination of the open access articles, including the separate deposition of taxon treatments in various aggregators, as mentioned above.

The current issue of PhytoKeys further consolidates the strong commitment of the journal to revolutionizing the landscape of taxonomic publishing. The paper by Knapp et al. (2011) lists those amendments to the Melbourne Code that address electronic publication and is being or will be co-published in sixteen different journals (see the publishing statement in Knapp et al. 2011). To expedite the widest possible dissemination of this important paper, PhytoKeys and MycoKeys undertook the translation of the paper into Chinese, Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish and published the translated versions in today's issues of both journals.

We are extremely pleased to see that most of the policies and publishing practices outlined in the opening paper of PhytoKeys (Penev et al. 2010) have been adopted by the botanical and mycological communities whose deliberations in Melbourne will result in the (newly named) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (see McNeill and Turland 2011; McNeill et al. 2011). The journal is fully prepared to continue to adapt to the new era of taxonomic publishing. Editorial policies of individual journals will eventually determine how these new changes will affect publishing practice.

In practical terms, PhytoKeys will now adhere to the following editorial policies:

• Mandate the inclusion of the IPNI registration numbers in the original descriptions (protologues). Authors are not requested to provide registration numbers, as the whole process of registration is provided by the Editorial Office of the journal in collaboration with IPNI

• Publish each paper in four versions: (1) PDF for effective publication, reference and easy archiving; (2) full-colour, high-resolution print version identical to the effectively published PDF version; (3) HTML for easy reading, browsing and applying semantic enhancements to the text; and (4) XML to provide a machine-readable file for archiving and data mining

• Produce a print version, identical to the PDF, which will be deposited it in six important botanical libraries of the world: Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.; Natural History Museum, London; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis; Komarov Botanical Institute, St. Petersburg; Kunming Institute of Botany Heilongtan, Kunming, China.

• Shorten the publication time to a maximum of one to two weeks after the editorial acceptance of a manuscript

• Continuously develop and implement cutting-edge publishing technologies: XML-based editorial work flow and mark up process, data publication and various semantic Web 2.0 enhancements.

Finally, we would like to thank all of the authors, editors and readers of PhytoKeys for their support of the journal, as well as the translators of the paper of Knapp et al. (2011): Li-Bing Zhang (Chinese), Jefferson Prado, Regina Y. Hirai, and Cintia Kameyama (Portuguese),Irina Belyaeva and Maria Vorontsova (Russian), and Carmen Ulloa Ulloa, Lourdes Rico Arce, and Renee H. Fortunato (Spanish). Special thanks are due to all teams that made possible the establishment of the innovative workflow of Pensoft's journals: Plazi, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), the Encyclopedia of Life (EOL), the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), the National Library of Medicine of the U.S. (NLM), and the ViBRANT EU FP7 project. We also thank the staff of IPNI for helping us to establish a workflow for the provision of IPNI identifiers for new species of flowering plants.


The article analyzes the dynamics of economic indicators of foreign trade activity. The structure of exports of goods of the fuel and energy complex of Russia in 2020, as well as the structure of imports, is considered. The forecast of development of export-import operations in Russia for certain categories of goods is made. It is revealed that the decrease in exports of fuel and energy products by the end of 2020 will decrease by an average of 9.6 % and as a result will lead to a decrease in export customs duties by an average of 20-25 %. In other words, the emerging negative trend in the volume of exports of the main product groups will lead to a decrease in the amount of payments administered by the customs authorities. This, in turn, will lead to a reduction in the revenue side of the Federal budget. The analysis of the impact of the Institute of customs payments in ensuring the competitiveness of the Russian economy allowed us to comprehensively consider the development of Russia's foreign economic activity as one of the main factors influencing the strengthening of the country's economy. In this case, the customs payment was considered as a tool that allows you to control the volume of foreign trade and regulate them with the help of rates in the right direction, regardless of the global economic situation. In this regard, the significance of the institution of customs payments was justified and proved.


NOVEMBER 2000 K1 I T SEEMS THAT wherever one turns these days, once-unlikely advocates and activists are expounding about public schools and demanding a piece of the action to change them. To understate the obvious, tracking the pressure groups that now move education policy has seldom been trickier. In simpler times — say, 25 years ago — a hardy staple of the received wisdom about the politics of education, as of most domains of public policy, was that an "iron triangle" of legislatures, governments, and issue-focused interest groups could hammer out enough deals and compromises to set public agendas and, when the stars were aligned, translate them into childand school-friendly policies. But that was then and this is now, a time when the eminences of public education must reckon with realities and concepts that until recently were below the radar or even alien to the triangulators. If, as we must fervently hope never hap-


Introduction. Based on the literature, the ergonomic saddle chair provides the most appropriate posture for users. Determination of the seat height is critical to establish the proper posture, carried out using various methods of anthropometry. This study aimed to develop a simple and applied method for determining the saddle seat height with an emphasis on appropriate posture. Methods. In this study, anthropometric dimensions including weight, body height, popliteal height and seat height at 135° knee angle in 150 male and female dentists were measured. In the laboratory, to determine the 'acetabuloischial number', 25 male and female natural hip bones were measured. The mean saddle-chair height with knee angle of 135° was then compared by two different methods, field measurement and the new calculation method. Results. The results showed a strong correlation between data gathered from the two different methods, the field measurement and the new calculation method (98%), and Cronbach's α from the intraclass correlation was equal to 0.994 (p < 0.05). This indicated that the two methods produced similar results. Conclusion. The new method can be applied to calculate the optimal height of the saddle seat based on body height and popliteal height.


Abstract Only about 2,000 biologists are currently employed as environmental consultants, down from a 1978–79 peak of about 5,000. The prospects should improve over the next couple of years with stabilization estimated at 3,000. We got into this predicament by doing a good job of determining the effects of electric utility generating stations on the inhabitants of the water bodies upon which they are sited. The trend toward energy conservation and the recent prolonged and deep recession have aggravated the employment picture. New areas of environmental concern are developing, offering new employment opportunities. These include studies associated with toxic substances, leachates from manufacturing and storage facilities, and biological aspects of issues dominated by social, hydrological or engineering concerns. The consulting biologist of the 1980s will require skills in these areas at least sufficient for multidisciplinary communication, an understanding of fundamental business concerns such as meeting d...


For communicable writing, reviewing and revising is essential. In this paper, we propose an SNS-based environment to improve writing by repeated collaborative reviewing. The results of an experiment comparing the system against face-to-face collaborative writing show that while face-to-face learners wrote better reports quickly, the system-users could also write reports of the matched quality in their third round, by adopting peers' suggestions more often than their offline counterparts.


The invention discloses a circuit for detecting angular displacement of a rotating part, belonging to the technical field of electric power and electronics. The circuit comprises an angular displacement detection circuit and an amplification filter circuit, wherein the angular displacement detection circuit comprises a circuit board, a round tin foil, an angular displacement sensor and a magneticcylinder; the amplification filter circuit comprises a differential amplification circuit and a lowpass filter circuit; the angular displacement shift of the rotating part causes the magnetic cylinder to do circular motion; the angular displacement sensor transmits a weak electric signal of mV grade obtained by electromagnetic induction to the differential amplification circuit; the differential amplification circuit amplifies the weak electric signal and transmits the amplified weak electric signal to the lowpass filter circuit; the lowpass filter circuit carries out wave filtering and subsequently outputs a strong electric signal of 0-5V; the strong electric signal is in direct proportion to the angular displacement of the rotating part; and the angular displacement of the rotating partcan be obtained by measuring the strong electric signal. Based on the angular displacement sensor with a single chip, the angular displacement detection of the rotating part is realized, and the circuit has simple structure, low cost and easy implementation.


The invention discloses a method and a system for preventing a boiler heating surface from being contaminated through circulation of wearable materials and belongs to the field of boilers. The method comprises the following steps of sending mixtures of the wearable materials and granular fly ash into burning wind region of a boiler, mixing the mixtures with exhaust gas of the boiler, and circularly recycling the wearable materials and the granular fly ash. The system comprises a circulated material caching tank, wherein a material outlet of the circulated material caching tank is communicated with the burning wind region of the boiler, a material inlet of the circulated material caching tank is communicated with a coal economizer ash bucket, a denitration inlet-outlet ash bucket, an air pre-heater ash bucket in the boiler as well as one or multiple parts in a first electric field of a dust remover, the circulated material caching tank is provided with a material feeding hole, and a pipeline for communicating the material outlet of the circulated material caching tank with the burning wind region of the boiler is further communicated with a primary hot wind branch pipe. by utilizing the method and the system, the convection heating surface of a high-sodium coal burning boiler can be prevented from being contaminated, the heating surface can be prevented from being seriously contaminated with low initial investment and operation costs on the basis that the structure of the boiler is basically unchanged, and the Zhundong (a region in a Uygur Autonomous Region) high-sodium coal can be completely burnt by the boiler.


Intensive agricultural production requires constant control of an agroecosystem. One of the most important aspects of this control is plant protection through pest and weed management. Proper management should minimize economic losses from pests and weeds, while not forgetting environmental protection. The present paper describes a national system of pest and weed control which is in operation in the German Democratic Republic. At present, 87 types of pests, diseases, and weeds are monitored and controlled throughout the entire country.

In the GDR, three national operational systems have been developed as parts of an overall system for control of agricultural production. These are: a system of pest and weed management, a system of irrigation control, and a system of fertilizer application. They are fine examples of applied systems analysis which lie within the range of interests of the Resources and Environment Task 3, "Environmental Problems of Agriculture". Therefore, the principal authors of the systems were asked to describe their work in a Collaborative Paper which could be distributed through IIASA's information network.

Although emphasis in this paper is given to monitoring and forecasting issues, all stages of a management system, from monitoring through analysis of information, and forecast to a management decision, are described. The authors of the paper are affiliated with the Institute of Plants Protection in Eberswalde, GDR; the Institute is a part of the GDR Academy of Agricultural Sciences.


This text combines contemporary Inuit sculpture with the traditional stories, songs and folklore that gave shape and meaning to the art. Photographs of Inuit sculpture are juxtaposed with a text that demonstrates how the art and mythology remain rooted in traditional culture.


A collection of lithic artifacts from the Shawnee-Minisink site in Pennsylvania, originally excavated, analyzed, and published by American University in the 1970-80s, was re-studied using primarily the methodology of refitting. The results of this new study strengthen many of the original conclusions, contradict others, and provide a more nuanced interpretation of Clovis-period activities at the site. It confirms the remarkable spatial integrity of the site and supports the extensive refurbishment of scrapers that entered the site as finished products, as well as on-site production exploiting local chert sources and the use of distinctive hafting techniques. Refitting further confirms the predominance of endscrapers in the assemblage, including fragments that have been interpreted otherwise; suggests that many were made on blades and blade-like flakes, rather than flakes; and provides some evidence for core-blade reduction at the site. This re-analysis strengthens the view that the excavated portion of the site represents an area of intensive specialized economic activity.


A study of vortex structure and fluid mixing in pulsatile flow through grroved channels by numerical simulation and experimental flow visualizations is presented. The simulations correspond to experiments for pulsatile flows with / without flow reversal in two grooved channels with different cavity lengths, with Reynolds and Womersley numbers in the ranges of 46.8<Re<117 and 75<α2<367, respectively. The agreement between simulations and experiments in terms of unsteady vortex motion is satisfactory. In most cases a primary vortex grows up during the deceleration phase whthin each cavity in the lower wall and an additional vortex is generated at the upper, flat wall. The primary vortex experiences the cavity filling and emptying process. The primary vortex strength depends on Reynolds and Womersley numbers and reaches its maximum value for a specific Womersley number. The effect of cavity length is negligible at high Womersley numbers. Fluid mixing is observed from a Lagrangian viewpoint as streaklines : fluid is exchanged between cavity and channel flows, depending on the primary vortex. At high Womersley number flows, streaklines indicate the formation of long, thin figers that enter and leave the cavity.


V i d e o footage of sa lmonids i n sea cages was o b t a i n e d f r o m a n u m b e r of areas i n Johns tone a n d G e o r g i a S t r a i t . T h e footage represented a large n u m b e r of camera o r ien ta t ions i n c l u d i n g camera image axis p e r p e n d i c u l a r a n d pa ra l l e l to the water surface. P e r p e n d i c u l a r or ienta t ions i n c l u d e d c a m e r a image axis p o i n t i n g towards the b o t t o m a n d surface of the water c o l u m n . P a r a l l e l o r i en ta t ions i n c l u d e d c a m e r a image axis p o i n t i n g towards the center a n d side of the sea cage. T h e use of a w h i t e t a rp w h e n the cameras were p o s i t i o n e d p a r a l l e l to the water surface provides separa t ion under lower s igna l to noise ra t ios . A d i scuss ion of noise sources provides a key to u n d e r s t a n d i n g the diff icult ies a p p l y i n g image process ing to no isy d i g i t a l images . In a d d i t i o n , a t t enua t i on a n d sca t te r ing w h e n c o m b i n e d w i t h coun te r shad ing of sa lmonids i l lus t ra tes the re f lec t iv i ty image degrada t ion of sa lmonids i n the water co l u m n w h e n v i ewed f r o m the camera p o s i t i o n . E d g e de tec t ion techniques were a p p l i e d to no i sy d i g i t a l v ideo images . A c o m p a r i s o n of different edge detectors a n d pre-process ing steps was m a d e to de te rmine the "best" separa t ion technique . T h e C a n n y opera tor w i t h a s i g m a of 2 .0 p roved to be the "best" edge detector . In order to s m o o t h no i sy images , a pre-process ing step of A n i s o t r o p i c Di f fus ion was a p p l i e d w h e n the s igna l to noise ra t io was low. T h i s w o r k provides a basis for the a u t o m a t i o n of coun t ing a n d s i z ing assessment of s a lmon ids .


Underwater shock wave, generated by the imploding detonation of propane-oxygen mixture, was applied for extinction processing of microbes. We filled the water containing microbe into a stainless steel pipe having inner diameter of 10.9 mm, and transmitted the underwater shock waves which have the maximum pressure of about 100MPa. As microbe of the treatment experiments, Microcystis species were used. We found that the mortarity rate of Microcystis species increases gradually with the increase in the number of times of shock processing. Although the maximum mortality rate of Microcystis species was 99.9% in one day after processing, it turned out that it becomes 100% in one week after processing. The mortality rate became small when the value of the consistency of Microcystis species was large.


Rather than being exceptional for Māori and Pacific Peoples, Covid-19 is the latest iteration of virulent disease that arrived with European colonisation. The various pandemics are connected; they exacerbate and intensify existing conditions of colonial inequality and injustice. The political and economic marginalisation of Māori and Pasifika within Aotearoa New Zealand ensures that Covid-19 will have disproportionate impacts upon them. Covid-19's impacts will be felt in the academy as everywhere else. The immediate issue will be the culling of less popular 'uneconomic' courses, and of precarious instructors (where Māori and Pacific teachers are over-represented). Colonisation never ended. Ongoing domination is secured through the reproduction of social life, including via social institutions like the university. While sociology likes to think of itself as the critical edge, it often fails to be so in relation to its own assumptions. In order for sociology to be part of the solution, instead of simply perpetuating the problem of racism as it is wont to do, its practitioners must recognise our place in the world, must speak to our ways of knowing and being, and must validate the aspirations of Māori and Pacific communities, Māori and Pacific students and Māori and Pacific staff.


The invention provides a non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and switch control timing sequence thereof, wherein the non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter enables high-frequency soft switching work to be achievable and is low in leakage current. The non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter comprises a voltage division capacitance branch (1), a high-frequency master switch unit (2), a resonance network (3), a clamping branch (4) and a low-frequency change-over switch unit (5). According to the non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and the switch control timing sequence thereof, two controllable switching tubes, a diode and two groups of inductor and capacitor series branches are added to a one-phase six-switch full bridge inversion circuit (also know as 'H6' topology) to form the resonance network to provide the zero current switching work condition for the master switch unit, and therefore the soft switching work of high-frequency switching is achieved, and switching loss can be reduced greatly; common-mode voltage values at a power transmission stage, at a resonance stage and at a follow current stage are enabled to be identical and constant by matching with the switch control timing sequence, and therefore the leakage current of the non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is eliminated; and high frequency of the non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is achieved, and size, weight and cost of a grid-connected inverter can be reduced greatly.


This paper presents a new high-capacity algorithm for audio watermarking for the purpose of embedding a watermark
audio signal into an original audio signal. This algorithm uses DCT (discrete cosine transform) in combination with
SVD (singular value decomposition), DWT (discrete wavelet transform), and CZT (chirp z-transform). For the
purpose of ensuring high levels of imperceptibility and robustness, a low-frequency sub band of 1-level DWT is
selected to embed the watermark, followed by DCT, CZT, and SVD. As a result, the proposed algorithm achieves a
high capacity of 352800 bits per second while a good quality audio signal is maintained (having an objective
difference grade of more than -0.04). It also provides high imperceptibility (a signal to noise ratio of more than 58
dB) and it is extremely resistant to common audio attacks, including requantizing, resampling, additive white
Gaussian noise or AWGN, MP3 compression, and low-pass filtering. The proposed algorithm presents much better
compared to the audio watermarking algorithms already existent.


The explosive growth of mobile traffic in the Internet makes content delivery a challenging issue to cope with. To promote efficiency of content distribution and reduce network cost, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and content providers (CPs) are motivated to cooperatively work. As a clean-slate solution, nowadays Information-Centric Networking architectures have been proposed and widely researched, where the thought of in-network caching, especially edge caching, can be applied to mobile wireless networks to fundamentally address this problem. Considered the profit split issue between ISPs and CPs and the influence of content popularity is largely ignored, in this paper, we propose a Stackelberg-based optimal network profit split scheme for content delivery in information-centric wireless networks. Simulation results show that the performance of our proposed model is comparable to its centralized solution and obviously superior to current ISP-CP cooperative schemes without considering cache deployment in the network.


Abstract. The advent of high intensity lasers coupled with the recent advances in crystal technology has led to rapid progress in the field of nonlinear optics. This article traces the history of materials development that has taken place over the past forty odd years and dwells on the current status in this important area. The materials aspect is discussed under three classes viz. inorganic, organic and semiorganic crystals. In the end, some of the crystal growth work that has been carried out in author's laboratory is presented.


Diel rhythm of oxygen consumption (OC) of the starry flounder Platichthys stellatus was measured at different water temperatures in a closed recirculating seawater system with a respiratory chamber. The fish consumed 70.5, 79.7, and 90.6 mg at 15, 20, and , respectively, showing a linear increase in OC with water temperature. The OC of fish showed a clear diel rhythm, with lower values during the day and higher values at night, in accordance with the light (09:00-21:00) and dark (21:00-09:00) phases of the diel cycle (12L:12D) in water at 15 and . However, the OC of the fish showed an unclear diel rhythm with the light and dark phases of the diel cycle at . The respective OC at 15, 20 and was 63.8, 72.4, and 88.4 mg during the light phases and 77.2, 87.1, and 92.8 mg during the dark phase. The starry flounder is thought to be a nocturnal fish with a higher OC at night, while it rests during the day. Its OC was the most stable in the light, when it did not feed. Consequently, the night-time OC is the active OC and the day-time OC is the resting OC in the starry flounder.


Predicting polymer hydrophobicity based on monomer structure is an ill-posed problem. Generally, the hydrophobicity of a polymer or a series of polymers has been determined through indirect methods (i.e., contact angle) after polymerization. This sequence presents a problem for the systematic design and rapid evaluation of specialty polymers synthesized via controlled polymerization methods. Here, we propose an approach inspired by medicinal chemistry to predict polymer hydrophobicity based on octanol–water partition coefficients (LogPoct) determined through simple computational approaches. We envisioned that LogPoct, analogous to what is used in drug design, could provide a rational methodology to translate molecular structures of monomers and oligomers into quantifiable hydrophobicity values for polymers. A combination of critical design criteria and the predictive power of LogPoct values, normalized by surface area (LogPoct/SA), accurately assess polymer hydrophobicity. Experimental corroboration with ...


The air bridge at the North Terminal of London Gatwick Airport, UK, connects the terminal to a new 11-aircraft stand called Pier 6. The air bridge crosses one of Gatwick's busiest taxiways, giving panoramic views of the airport. The design had to provide clearance for the largest aircraft, the Boeing 747-400, in use at the airport and to maintain the lowest overall height so that it did not provide an obstruction to radar. The 198m-long bridge is a continuous frame fixed on piled foundations. It is made of high-strength steel and consists of a 198m long spine beam that supports the deck and a pair of Y-shaped, 22m tall supporting columns. Details are given of the analysis and design of the footbridge. Tuned Slosh Dampers were installed to increase the damping of the bridge. The construction and installation process for the bridge is outlined. The bridge was built at a yard 1.5km from the airport and was built in five component parts: the central deck section, the two Y-shaped columns and the two end deck sections. The structure was moved into position using self-propelled modular transporter units. The taxiway was only closed for 10 days for the installation of the bridge.


8 ASUBTITLE: AMERICA'S EXPORT CHAMP NEEDS BILLIONS IN SAVINGS TO FIGHT PRICE WARS: CALL IT THE ULTIMATE ENGINEERING TEST -- THE COMPANY THAT LAUNCHED THE JET AGE MUST TRANSFORM THE WAY IT BUILDS PLANES.


We describe algorithms to build self-assembling robot systems composed of active modular robots and passive bars. The distributed algorithms are based on locally optimal matching. We demonstrate how to build an active structure by the cooperative aggregation and disassembly of modular robotic manipulators. A target structure is modeled as a dynamic graph. We prove that the same optimality - quadratic competitive ratio - as for the static graph can be achieved for the algorithms. We demonstrate how this algorithm can be used to build truss-like structures. I. INTRODUCTION We wish to develop modular robots capable of construc- tion tasks that integrate robotic elements and raw materials from the environment to create dynamic and controllable complex objects. In our previous work (1), (2) we describe a mechanism and supporting algorithm for the self-assembly of linkages that alternate 3 DOF robot modules called Shady3D with rigid bars. The resulting assemblies are controllable using distributed inverse kinematics protocols to achieve pick and place tasks. In this paper we extend the algorithm for self-assembling linkages in (2) to the self-assembly of arbitrary truss structures consisting of rigid bars and Shady3D-like robots with 3 rotational DOFs that are capable of grasping the bars on both ends. We assume a cache of robots and a cache of rigid bars. The robots know the goal shape but they do not know about each other. They are only capable of detecting each other and communicating locally, when they are in close proximity of each other. We show that this problem can be reduced to a distributed matching problem and analyze how sensing and communication can be used to guarantee that the robots construct the goal structure in an optimal number of steps. We then describe an implementation of this algorithm in simulation. Discussing its performance with a physical system will be considered in future. The robot abstraction used by this algorithm is modeled on the Shady3D robot (1). We assume that the robot looks like a


Polymeric micelles (PMs) have been the most popular and promising topic of many researches in the field of drug delivery and targeting for the past two decades. Polymeric micelles are the selfassembled nano-sized colloidal particles which are made up of amphiphilic block copolymers i.e. polymers consisting of hydrophobic block and hydrophilic block. In this highlight, we give an overview of the structure of micelles and polymeric micelles followed by a summary of the methods used for their preparation. We then focus on several kinds of PMs based on intermolecular forces such as polyion complex micelles (PICMs), non-covalently connected micelles (NCCMs) and recently developed smart polymeric assemblies which can respond to the application of external stimuli such as a change in temperature, pH, redox and light to afford novel nanomaterials. The types of polymers used in the preparation of PMs have also been highlighted so as to facilitate its use in drug delivery and targeting. These polymeric micelles nanocarriers have applications in drug delivery primarily such as anticancer therapy, to the brain to treat neurodegenerative diseases, antifungal agents, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug and gene delivery, ocular drug delivery. Targeted drugs will hopefully reduce adverse reactions by limiting their action to cancer tissue only. Finally, this review broadly presents the basic aspects of PMs which help in delivery and targeting of actives with its recent advancements and applications. Key words: micelles, polymeric micelles, block copolymer, stimuli sensitivity


In this paper, we present a digital image sampling system with AVR and CPLD. The data of the CMOS image sensor is directly writed to the SRAM though the timing interface in the CPLD.the MCU directly read the data of SRAM and send the data to PC or handle the data with the software of itself. This method can complete the high speed image sampling in a new method.


In this paper, the state and fault estimation problem is investigated for a class of discrete-time Markovian jump systems with unknown disturbances and actuator faults. The unknown disturbances, satisfying the zero-mean Gaussian distribution, are introduced to reflect the limited capacity of the communication networks resulting from the noisy environment. On the one hand, a novel event-triggered fault estimator and the corresponding event condition are proposed where the task is to reconstruct both system states and actuator faults under the aperiodic data transmission. On the other hand, estimator gains are derived using the stochastic stability in terms of a set of standard linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the usefulness of the developed event-triggered fault estimation approach.


Big data and machine learning are rapidly developing fields with evolving and increasingly diverse hardware requirements. The goal of this project was to demonstrate that an enterprise-ready, Warewulf-based HPC compute cluster could support heterogeneous hardware via the integration of a GPU compute server. The benefits of this were two-fold. First, the integration of the GPU compute server into the cluster would validate its ability to support heterogeneous hardware, demonstrating that our approach to HPC cluster management is an effective long-term strategy. Second, a GPU compute server would significantly reduce the runtime of experiments, increasing the rate at which research advancements are made.


The aim of the article is to analyze the existence of projects and programs related to the personal and socialdevelopment of Physical Education teachers that are organized by The Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport ofthe Slovak Republic. We found out that from 22 projects undertaken in the program period 2007 - 2013, whose activities couldcontinue to be implemented until the end of 2015, none was primarily related to this area of education. Only 53 programs under 2selected projects were related to the personal and social development. Personality development of PE teachers is one of the keyfactors in making the educational process successful.