Precision measurements probing nature's fundamental interactions help physicists to address the great challenges they face now, such as finding and verifying a theory beyond the Standard Model of particle physics that might, ultimately, unify gravity and quantum mechanics. While the energy scale of such theories might be out of reach of all but the largest colliders, or even beyond the reach of any experiment, it is possible to probe for suppressed effects at low energy scales in experiments of outstanding precision. Such experiments, e.g., probe the value of fundamental constants and set limits on their time dependence, try to understand the dominance of matter over antimatter, or search for new types of interactions. Precision measurements have been playing a central role in the shifts of paradigms in physics in the twentieth century and will very likely continue to do so. In two volumes of Annalen der Physik a series of articles will address current precision efforts investigating fundamental interactions and their properties at lowest energies. Both volumes will contain review articles with broad or more focused topical overviews, as well as a series of original papers reporting on new experimental or technical progress from recent and ongoing experiments. Review articles in this volume focus mainly on fundamental constants and symmetry tests. The last decade has witnessed significant progress in the precision of the unitarity test of the Cabibbo-KobayashiMaskawa quark-mixing matrix. The precision of both the Vud and Vus matrix elements has improved due to new and more precise measurements as well as important theoretical progress in nuclear and kaon decays, respectively. Further improvements, leading to a gain of another factor of about two in the unitarity test might be possible in the foreseeable future, thereby further improving the sensitivity to new physics, not included in the Standard Model (J. Hardy, I. S. Towner, pp. 443–451). Penning traps will continue to play an important role in this respect as is illustrated by recent results with the TITAN Penning trap mass spectrometer (A. A. Kwiatkowski et al., pp. 529–537). Among the fundamental constants of Nature the fine structure constant, α, has a particular status, being the corner stone of quantum electrodynamics but also as a keystone for the determination of other fundamental physical constants. State of the art atomic physics methods to determine fundamental constants are reviewed and discussed (S. G. Karshenboim, pp. 472–483), together with the opportunity to provide a precise value of the ratio h/mu between the Planck constant and the atomic mass constant (R. Bouchendira et al., pp. 484–492). New quantummechanical calculations show that microwave and sub-millimeter molecular transition frequencies for a number of molecules which are usually observed in astronomical sources exhibit a very high sensitivity to the value of the fine structure constant, but also to the electron-to-proton mass ratio (M. G. Kozlov and S. A. Levshakov, pp. 452–471). This offers unique possibilities to test spaceand time-invariance of fundamental constants by comparing precise laboratory measurements of the molecular rest frequencies and their astronomical counterparts, which could lead to astrophysical tests of Einstein's Equivalence Principle at an unprecedented level of sensitivity. Another unique laboratory to investigate the fine structure constant, as well as other fundamental quantities such as, e.g., the atomic mass of the electron are highly charged ions, and in particular the simple systems formed by hydrogen-like ions. In these, the bound electrons are subjected to extreme fields which generate a number of interesting features. High precision is achieved by confinement of the ions in Penning


This article compares the charters of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) to gauge the objectives with which these organizations were conceived and their potential efficacy in pursuing those objectives. Subsequently it goes on to do an impact assessment of an India-China trade-off for full Membership into SCO and SAARC respectively.


Most LPC-based audio coders improve the reproduction quality by using predictor coefficients to embody perceptual masking in noise spectral shaping. Since the predictor coefficients were originally derived to characterize sound production models, they cannot precisely describe the human ear's nonlinear responses to frequency and loudness. We report on new approaches to exploiting the masking threshold in the design of a perceptual noise-weighting filter for excitation searches. To track the nonstationary evolution of a masking threshold, an autoregressive spectral analysis with finite order has been shown to be capable of providing sufficient accuracy. In seeking a faster response, an artificial neural network was also trained to extract autoregressive modeling parameters of the masking threshold from typical audio signals via mapping. Furthermore, we propose the concept of sinusoidal excitation representation to better track the intrinsic characteristics of prediction error signals. Simulation results indicate that the combined use of a multisinusoid excitation model and a masking-threshold-adapted weighting filter allows the implementation of an LPC-based audio coder that delivers near transparent quality at the rate of 96 kb/s.


The growing adoption of electronic systems for keeping medical records provides an opportunity for health care practitioners and biomedical researchers to access traditionally unstructured data in a new and exciting way. Pathology reports, progress notes, and many other sections of the patient record that are typically written in a narrative format can now be analyzed by employing natural language processing contextual extraction techniques to identify specific concepts contained within the text. Linking these concepts to a standardized nomenclature (for example, SNOMED CT, ICD-9, ICD-10, and so on) frees analysts to explore and test hypotheses using these observational data. Using SAS® software, we have developed a solution in order to extract data from the unstructured text found in medical pathology reports, link the extracted terms to biomedical ontologies, join the output with more structured patient data, and view the results in reports and graphical visualizations. At its foundation, this solution employs SAS® Enterprise Content Categorization to perform entity extraction using both manually and automatically generated concept definition rules. Concept definition rules are automatically created using technology developed by SAS, and the unstructured reports are scored using the DS2/SAS® Content Categorization API. Results are post-processed and added to tables compatible with SAS® Visual Analytics, thus enabling users to visualize and explore data as required. We illustrate the interrelated components of this solution with examples of appropriate use cases and describe manual validation of performance and reliability with metrics such as precision and recall. We also provide examples of reports and visualizations created with SAS Visual Analytics.


Historically, all contracts with open or missing terms were found void for indefiniteness unless there was partial performance. The Uniform Com? mercial Code (U.C.C. or Code) departedfrom the common law and permitted the enforcement of sale-ofgoods contracts with open or missing terms, pro? vided that certain requirements were met. Today, the treatment ofopenand missing-term contracts in the service context is inconsistent: Some jurisdic? tions apply the traditional common-law doctrine to hold such contracts inva? lid for indefiniteness, while others apply the U.C.C. analysis to hold such contracts enforceable. This Note considers the arguments supporting both the traditional common-law rule and modern U. C. C. approach. It argues that in light of modern commercial reality, the courts should apply the U. C. C. analysis to both sale-of-goods and service contracts. This unified approach would eliminate confusion in the current state oflaw and promote flexibility in commercial transactions for both goods and services.


Julia Fiedorczuk's academic, journalistic and critical activity invites readings of her poetry in the context of ecopoetics, which she actively promotes. Her ecocritically oriented poems explore the links between poetry and natural environment, proposing an interdisciplinary practice of cocreation of the human and non-human world, as well as a re-evaluation of our understanding of the relations between them. It is, at the same time, a type of poetry that exposes its gender affiliation; it evokes and deconstructs the culturally instilled associations between femininity and nature, and formulates questions pertaining to identity and metaphysics. With her "woman and world: user's manuals" project, poetically original yet deeply rooted in (post)modern contexts, Fiedorczuk represents one of the most interesting currents of contemporary – and not just women's – poetry.


Job Definition Format (JDF) and Job Messaging Format (JMF), based on the XML standard, provide one of the most important recent innovations for the automation of print production. JDF Workflow demonstrates that it is more than just a data format by providing a comprehensive examination of the format as well as the workflow that can be built with the help of JDF. With the help of many examples from order management systems, prepress, printing, and finishing, typical graphic communications production processes and their implementation in the JDF model are presented. Some special concerns for package printing are also discussed. The book is ideal for apprentices in the graphic communications industry, students of printing and media technology, practitioners in print companies or manufacturers, as well as computer scientists.


Purpose: With the rise of online video streaming platforms and the preventive measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic, staying at home has become the preferred choice for people. As a result, online video streaming platforms, one of the components of the home economy, have experienced rapid growth. Netflix is a subscription-based service that offers movies and TV shows, delivering media content to subscribers through internet streaming. Research methodology: This study utilizes the Importance-Satisfaction Model (I-S Model) as a research tool to explore customer satisfaction levels. Through literature review and expert confirmation, 16 key quality factors were identified for conducting importance and satisfaction surveys among Netflix customers. Additionally, demographic variables such as gender, marital status, education level, occupation, and age were analyzed for differences in the Importance-Satisfaction Model. Results: The study reveals that out of the overall Importance-Satisfaction Model, 2 factors fall in the "Improveme+nt area", 9 factors fall in the "Excellent area ", 4 factors fall in the "Careless area ", and 1 factor falls in the "Surplus area ". Limitations: The respondents were not randomly selected from all OTT video platform users, and furthermore, due to limitations in the distribution channels of the questionnaire, the age range of the respondents in this study was concentrated in high school, college, and young working groups. Contribution: These findings indicate that consumers are generally satisfied with the service quality provided by Netflix.


The modern approaches to stimulation of labour on the repair enterprises are considered. The approach to forming of fund payment of labour and stimulation of workers on the basis of the use coefficients quality of labour is offered.


The theory of tectonic-sequence stratigraphy is applied for sequence subdivision of Triassic Waigucun Formation in southeast Lanping-Simao basin,and three sequence boundaries(one Ⅰ type and two II type) are identified,according which the Waigucun Formation can be divided into two third class sequence and a half ascending cycle.The evolutionary pattern which shows southwest-direction river has great influence on the deposition of Waigucun Formation is established in our research.


Responses to two‐tone stimuli were recorded from eighth‐nerve fibers in anesthetized cats. One tone was set at a suppressive frequency above best frequency, and the second tone was set at an excitatory frequency. Various frequency and intensity combinations were used. For a given intensity, the suppressive tone always reduced the efficacy of the excitatory tone by a fixed decibel amount, regardless of the excitatory tone's intensity. As the frequencies were varied, the amount of suppression varied. When the frequency of the excitatory tone was decreased, the amount of suppression likewise decreased. As excitatory frequency was raised above best frequency, the suppressive effect first increased and then decreased. In general, the effectiveness of the suppressive tone decreased logarithmically as its frequency was raised. When the suppressive tone lay within the excitatory response area, synchronization of discharges changed systematically from one tone to the other as the excitatory intensity was raised. U...


This article examines how breaking a Lorentz-invariant description of nature at tiny space-time intervals would affect the non-Gaussian character of the pattern of primordial perturbations left by inflation. We specifically study a set of irrelevant operators that preserve the spatial symmetries of the usual inflationary background. The non-Gaussian component in the primordial fluctuations can be much larger than the usual, small, inflationary prediction and can thus lead to much stronger constraints on the role of ``trans-Planckian'' physics in inflation than those from the measurements of the primordial power spectrum.


Abstract Objectives: To examine the ability of comorbidity indices to predict the prognosis of laryngopharyngeal cancer and their association with treatment modalities. Methods: This retrospective study included 198 patients with laryngeal, hypopharyngeal, and oropharyngeal cancers. The effect of comorbidity indices on overall survival between surgery and (chemo)-radiation therapy ((C)RT) groups was analyzed. The cumulative incidence rates for cancer mortality and other mortalities according to the age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI) and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were compared. Results: Univariate survival analyses showed a significant association between the ACCI and overall survival in the (C)RT group, but not in the surgery group. The association between the CCI and overall survival was not significant in either group. In multivariate analyses, a high ACCI score was an independent prognostic factor in the (C)RT group (HR 2.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–6.49), but not in the surgery group (HR 1.39, 95%CI 0.27–5.43). The higher ACCI group had increased mortality from other causes compared with the lower ACCI group (5-year cumulative incidence, 8.5% and 17.8%, respectively, p = .003). Conclusion: The ACCI was a better prognostic factor than the CCI. Surgery may be more beneficial than radiation for patients with a high ACCI.


The clinical presentation of angina pectoris typically involves oppressive chest pain that may be referred to the left arm and neck. 1 Headache during effort as the sole clinical manifestation of myocardial ischemia has been infrequently reported in the literature. 1-8 When present it is associated with the typical symptoms of angina. 1 Headaches that appear with exertion are usually benign and include cough headache, benign exertional headache, and headache associated with sexual activity. 9,10 These headaches are considered to be benign only after structural lesions have been excluded. 10 Organic causes of exertional headaches usually result from intracranial structural pathology but may also occur in association with myocardial ischemia. Headache as the only clinical manifestation of coronary ischemia may be underdiagnosed in elderly patients. 11 It is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of an acute short lasting exertional headache in elderly patients or even in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. We describe a patient in whom hemicranial cephalgia developed during daily activities and was associated with myocardial ischemia during a stress test. A review of prior published reports of cardiac headache and an analysis of the mechanism are presented.


The purpose of this study is (1) to determine the development of instructional CD learning media on digital simulation subjects in class X at 1 Sakra Vocational High School; (2) to find out the feasibility of media experts and material experts on learning CD tutorial media products; (3) to find out the students' response to the development of tutorial CD learning media on digital simulation subjects in class X at Sakra Vocational High School 1. This type of research uses R & D (Reseach and Development) development methods. The subjects of this study were class X TKJ as many as 20 students. Data collection in the form of interviews, questionnaires, and observations. Data analysis techniques use quantitative and qualitative data. The results showed that the learning media tutorial CD developed was very valid for use in the learning process. From the media expert validation for the media, the tutorial CD was declared to be very feasible because it had an average percentage of 92%, while the validation of material experts had an average percentage of 91%, and for students' responses it was said to be very good because it had an average percentage of 90%, so that it can be said that the Tutorial CD learning media is effectively used in the learning process at SMK 1 Sakra


: The subject of the study was to evaluate the stability and reliability of the sewage treatment plant in Nowy Sącz. The scope of the analysed indicators included the main indicators of wastewater contamination: BOD 5 (biochemical oxygen demand), COD Cr (chemical oxygen demand), total suspended solids ( TSS ), total nitrogen (N tot ), and total phosphorus (P tot ). The operation stability of the sewage treatment plant in Nowy Sącz was determined on the basis of control cards x for 24 observations made in the period 2018–2019 (2 years). Moreover, the technological reliability of the tested sewage treatment plant ( WN ) was determined based on the values of the analysed pollution indicators in treated sewage and their permissible values. On the basis of the conducted analyses, full stability of the removal process of most of the analysed contaminants was found. In no case was there any crossing of the control lines, only a single grouping of samples above the help line in the case of total nitrogen, which could indicate a periodical disturbance in the stability of the removal process of this compound. On the basis of the obtained values of the reliability coefficient, which were below WN = 1.00, reliable operation of the analysed facility was found, with a high degree of reduction ( ƞ ) of the analysed pollutants. The method of determining the technological reliability and stability of the treatment plant with the use of control cards is an effective and easy tool for detecting any disturbances and instabilities in the processes taking place in the tested facility. It enables the operator to take quick action to remove them, thus ensuring a safe wastewater treatment process for the environment and human health.


Sustainable built environments are multi-dimensional and successful design requires intensive inter-disciplinary coordination. The high acoustic quality in performing spaces would inevitably impact on energy consumption and resource use. This paper reported case-based study of sustainable concerns for architectural and acoustics design for the performing venues. Increase in urban connectivity and efficiency of utilization was reviewed regarding resource sharing, encouraged public transportation, enhanced storm water management and biodiversity. Strategies to reduce space size and material consumption due to acoustic needs and comfort were analyzed. Noise insulation of an actual building in hot-humid climate zones was reported where stack vents were integrated with the active HVAC system. Discussions were also made about interactions between design criteria and coordination throughout the buildings' life cycle.


This paper reports on a research project that investigates whether the making of drawn animation can be a mindful practice. The original intention of the project was to explore the potential application of Buddhist principles and practices such as mindfulness within a secular context to benefit art and design students who experience stress in the learning environment and who wish to examine learning processes more closely. The design of the project led to our use of the repetitive, haptic procedures and collaborative processes of drawn animation in combination with short-form mindfulness meditation techniques.

Sitting within wider developments in UK Higher Education that seek to enable students to engage meaningfully with the affective and extra-rational dimensions of learning, the paper reports on this ongoing work which was initiated by a UAL Curriculum Development research grant and now continues in collaboration with the Royal College of Art.

This paper was selected for further development into a book chapter and an extended version will be published in 'Animating the Spirited: Journeys and Transformations' ed. Tze-yue Gigi Hu, University of Mississippi Press (2019).


: In the system of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/dimethyl sulfoxide, the refractive index of polymer was very well matched to that of solvent and thus its scattered intensity could be minimized. After adding small amount of polystyrene latex particle (nominal diameter 200 nm), diffusion behavior of only probe particle was investigated against the concentration of polymer matrix by means of dynamic light scattering. The polymer concentration dependence of its reduced diffusion coefficient was able to be analysed with the stretched exponential function of the reduced concentration C [ η ]. In very dilute concentration regime, the depletion layer kept constant but at the early semi-dilute regime of 1 ≤ C [ η ] ≤ 2.5, the concentration-dependent exponent of depletion layer δ was appeared to be -0.8 which was very close to theoretical one of -0.85. However it was also observed at the higher concentration that its layer thickness decreased more abruptly than theoretical expectation and this phenomenon was ascribed to Oosawa type attractive interaction between adjacent latex particles.


This study was designed to explore the relation between language and/or verbal ability and reduced auditory acuity at discrete frequencies and various frequency bands in children with high frequency impairment. Correlations reveal significant relationships between reduced hearing levels at 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, and 3,000 cps and lowered verbal ability as measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.


The Sixteenth Hume Conference will be held jointly with the British Society for the History of Philosophy at the University of Lancaster from August 21 to August 24, 1989, as part of the university's Silver Jubilee Celebrations. The organizing committee is particularly interested in receiving papers which relate issues in Hume's thought to intellectual developments in Britain and Europe in the eighteenth century, or which relate Hume to other personalities in the history of thought. Papers, of publishable quality, should be a minimum of twenty-five and a maximum of forty minutes reading length with self-references eliminated for blind refereeing. Three copies, postmarked not later than October 31, 1988, should be sent to Professor Dorothy Coleman, Department of Philosophy, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME 04011, telephone (207) 725-3753.


There is serious phenomemon of the profit handles on the stock market in China. Its root causes are dilemma of government in the supervision and management, a strategy selected by the government and availed to the handles behavior of corporation in the market, unsound laws and single review mark. To ensure good development of stock market the government must convert role conception, perfect laws and mark system and increase strength of chastisement so as to form a good mechanism of the supervision and management.


This article reports findings from one aspect of a large scale research project funded by the Guide Dogs for the Blind Association, to investigate the mobility, independence and life skills education available to children and young people with a visual impairment between 0 and 19 years of age in Northern Ireland (NI). Here the focus is on the nature of the support provided by rehabilitation workers for this age group. A mixed method approach (questionnaire survey, focus group and one-to-one interviews) was utilized to triangulate the findings. Whereas the results show that rehabilitation workers (RWs) in NI support some 147 children and young people across NI, most of this support is aimed at parents and takes the form of advice about service provision. At the outset of the project, only one part-time contracted Rehabilitation Worker (RW) had specialist training in working with children; during the project he was redeployed to adult services. In contrast to the small number of children catered for by the service, the majority of RWs work with adults over the age of 65. The implications of these findings are discussed.


William and Alexander McGuffey, authors of the famous McGuffey's Eclectic Readers, have been ignored in histories of speech education. These men were skilled teachers and practitioners of rhetorical theory. Their theory is drawn primarily from the natural school of elocution. The rhetorical aspects of the readers contributed significantly to the success of that series.


In a networked control system (NCS) environment, where all closed-loop signals (control and state) are quantized, we consider the problem of establishing prescribed, transient, and steady-state, performance guarantees on the output tracking error (minimum convergence rate, maximum steady-state error). The controlled system is of high relative degree, multi-input multi-output (MIMO), uncertain, nonlinear, and time-varying. The proposed control solution is of low-complexity, in the sense that no hard calculations, analytic or numerical, are involved. Illustrative simulations clarify and verify the developed control scheme.


Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) and sleep disturbances. We hypothesized that treatment with sleep aids after TBI can ameliorate PTE. Methods CD-1 mice underwent controlled cortical impact (CCI), sham craniotomy or no craniotomy. Sham and CCI groups underwent a month-long treatment with sleep aids including a dual orexin antagonist (DORA-22) or THIP (gaboxadol). We performed week-long EEG recordings during week-1 of treatment and again at months 1, 2 and 3. Seizure analysis occurred at all-time points and sleep analysis occurred in week-1 and month-1 recordings in all groups. Subsets of animals in sleep aid-treated and untreated CCI, and sham groups were subjected to voltage clamp experiments. Results DORA-22 treated group had seizures at week-1 but none at months 1-3. TBI reduced amplitude and frequency of miniature inhibitory synaptic currents (mIPSCs) in dentate granule cells and these changes were rescued by DORA-22 treatment. Sleep analysis showed that DORA-22 increased non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) in the first 4hours of lights-off whereas THIP increased REM sleep in the first 4-hours of lights-on in week-1, At month-1 both treatments reduced time in NREM during lights-off. TBI increased NREM delta power (NΔ) along with loss of the homeostatic overnight decline of NΔ in week-1 regardless of treatment. DORA-22 and THIP treatment restored NΔ to levels similar to no craniotomy animals at month-1. Conclusions DORA-22 treatment suppressed posttraumatic seizures possibly due to enhanced GABAergic inhibition in dentate granule cells. DORA-22 may have therapeutic potential in suppressing PTE. Summary for Social Media Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result is posttraumatic epilepsy and sleep disturbances. There are no treatments to prevent these complications. We tested whether treatment with sleep aids after TBI can mitigate seizures and sleep disturbances. We found that a sleep aid DORA-22 but not THIP suppressed post traumatic seizures possibly be enhancing GABAergic inhibition in the hippocampus. Sleep analysis showed that TBI disrupts the sleep homeostatic drive and DORA treatment restored it. Findings may lead to potential disease modifying therapy for posttraumatic epilepsy.


Concentrations of eight ions in jugular vein and mammary vein of cow suffered from alcohol positive milk(APM) were detected.The results showed that the ability of selective absorption of elements Ca,Mg,Na and K of the mammary gland epithelia of cow suffered from APM is abnormal which changes the concentrations of inorganic elements in milk;aslo the amounts of Zn,Cu,Mn and Fe used by the mammary gland of the cow suffered from APM are changed.This result affords proof for the purpose of probing into the pathogenesis of APM and the effects on the metabolism of the mammary gland of the cow suffered from APM.


Under microwave irradiation, the ternary CuMgAl-HTLcs precursors were synthesized and MoO42- was loaded on the surface of these HTLcs. The results of XRD, FT-IR and SEM analysis indicated that the Mo anion was successfully loaded on the surface of the CuMgAl-HTLcs precursors. The activity of CuMgAl-31 for phenol hydroxylation was the highest, the conversion of phenol was 42.88% and ratio of catechol to hydroquinone was 2:1. CuMgAl-Mo-HTLcs advantageously increased the selectivity of hydroquinone with the ratio of hydroquinone to catechol reaching to 6:1 and about 4% conversion decreasing. Proposed the reaction mechanism of phenol hydroxylation by MoO42- supported HTLcs.


Interactive Machine Learning (IML) can enable intelligent systems to interactively learn from their end-users, and is quickly becoming more and more relevant to many application domains. Although it places the human in the loop, interactions are mostly performed via mutual explanations that miss contextual information. Furthermore, current model-agnostic IML strategies such as CAIPI are limited to 'destructive' feedback, meaning that they solely allow an expert to prevent a learner from using irrelevant features. In this work, we propose a novel interaction framework called Semantic Interactive Learning for the domain of document classification, located at the intersection between Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML). We frame the problem of incorporating constructive and contextual feedback into the learner as a task involving finding an architecture that enables more semantic alignment between humans and machines while at the same time helping to maintain the statistical characteristics of the input domain when generating user-defined counterexamples based on meaningful corrections. Therefore, we introduce a technique called SemanticPush that is effective for translating conceptual corrections of humans to non-extrapolating training examples such that the learner's reasoning is pushed towards the desired behavior. Through several experiments we show how our method compares to CAIPI, a state of the art IML strategy, in terms of Predictive Performance and Local Explanation Quality in downstream multi-class classification tasks. Especially in the early stages of interactions, our proposed method clearly outperforms CAIPI while allowing for contextual interpretation and intervention. Overall, SemanticPush stands out with regard to data efficiency, as it requires fewer queries from the pool dataset to achieve high accuracy.


A key strategy to being successful in math is help-seeking. Much research has focused on how students seek help from teachers, but students also benefit from peer assistance. We analyzed conversations from eight focus groups related to students' paths to success in math. We found that students frequently brought up peer interactions as critical to their success. Three emergent themes were: support versus comparison, balance of effort within study groups, and friends versus peers. Our findings qualitatively extend current research by highlighting key ideas that impact peer interactions, such as increased reluctance to seek help in larger classes. Our findings have implications for classroom and group structures, including encouraging peer help-seeking and help-giving, as well as addressing belonging and sense of community. Introduction and background As students learn, they may face challenges that require assistance to overcome. However, in the face of adversity, students do not always seek help, which can inhibit their academic achievement. In school environments, students are shaped by their interactions with peers. With more detailed accounts of how peer interactions can aid or harm students' paths to math success, educators can orient their classrooms to set students up for math achievement, potentially through peer interactions and collaboration. While the current literature focuses on quantitative patterns, this study seeks to learn more about how students describe their lived experiences. Seeking help when navigating obstacles to learning is a key self-regulated learning skill (Karabenik, 2011). Although students tend to focus on teachers for learning support, using peers as a resource has additional benefits. Access to multiple explanations (i.e., beyond that of the teacher or text) of mathematical concepts can help students experience new perspectives (Tripathi, 2008). Moreover, helping others and seeing peers model success can increase self-efficacy and ownership in learning (Walker et al., 2010). Help-seeking from peers can also increase socialization, an important developmental skill for younger students (Newman, 2000). Despite the benefits, some students still avoid seeking help for many reasons. For some, the likelihood of seeking help is negatively related to the perception of subsequent psychological risks (Peeters et al., 2020). These can include embarrassment in admitting confusion or errors (Karabenik, 2011), fear of frustrating the teacher or slowing down the class (Peeters et al., 2020), indebtedness to the help-givers (Karabenik, 2011), and negative social comparison to other more-capable peers (Newman & Schwager, 1993). Additionally, if students lack confidence in their peers' (or even the teacher's) ability to understand their confusion and provide adequate help, they will likely not seek help (Newman, 2000; Peeters et al., 2020). Students' help-seeking behaviors and peer interactions are also related to their academic achievement goals (Roussel et al., 2011; Shim & Finch, 2014). Compared to students focused on demonstrating competence in relation to the task itself or their own previous competence (mastery goals), students focused on demonstrating competence in relation to others (performance goals) are less likely to engage in productive help-seeking behaviors or see peers as instructional and emotional supports (Shim & Finch, 2014). Naturally, when students focus on their own learning and improvement, rather than in relation to others, they are less likely to fear social comparison (Roussel et al., 2011) or engage in competitive, maladaptive behaviors' (Newman & Schwager, 1993). Most studies on peers as a resource are quantitative, focusing on identifying variables that impact helpseeking behavior and learning (e.g., Roussel et al., 2011). More research is needed to understand how students think about interactions during peer support and how these can help them overcome challenges while learning math. Therefore, in this qualitative study, our research question is: How do students describe interactions with peers on their paths to math success?


Abstract A rapid (4.5-h) and sensitive assay based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to facilitate the early detection of Edwardsiella ictaluri in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. A 129-base-pair fragment of a sequence specific to E. ictaluri was amplified with both standard and real-time (quantitative) PCR. The sensitivity of detection was determined to be as low as the equivalent of 2.5 cells in DNA samples from both E. ictaluri cells and mixtures of blood from noninfected catfish and E. ictaluri cells. Infection levels (as determined by real-time PCR) in blood from experimentally challenged fish were compared with brain–heart-infusion-cultured bacterial colony counts to assess the accuracy of the PCR assay. The PCR-based detection level (the equivalent of 105–108 cells/mL) was comparable to that of traditional culturing techniques (106–107 cells/mL). In future applications, this assay will be applied in a comprehensive breeding program to select channel catfish that are resistant to ...


Photograph of man in what appears to be a non-military uniform seated at a desk. There is a large bag of baseball bats by the door to his right. He has been identified as Chief John Woody, Austin FD.


The study presented here considers the effects of protected land on neighboring local economies, based on a panel data analysis of its influence on economic growth, net migration, and employment in the forest and tourism sectors in 15 municipalities in northwestern Sweden from 1985 to 2001. The main findings are that increases in the area of protected land in this region seem to have promoted slight increases in per capita income growth and net migration, slight reductions in employment in the forest sector, and possible increases (not significant at the 5 percent probability level) in employment in the tourism sector. In addition, there are indications of conditional divergence in the Swedish mountain region, implying that small economies grow more slowly here than larger economies.


Aim: Coordinated specialty care (CSC) is a collaborative‐team based approach that has been shown to be helpful for patients with first‐episode psychosis. Peer support is an important component of CSC. Here, we describe the development and implementation of peer‐led group programming (McLean WellSpace) that was loosely affiliated with a CSC (McLean OnTrack). We discuss how we adapted this program to the challenges imposed by COVID‐19.


This paper proposes a new concept of mobile telephone with a PC resolution virtual display that has the following five functions: telephone, E-mail, Web telephone, videophone and VOD (video on demand) viewer. We developed a concept proof prototype based on this concept.


During a period of 4 years (1983-1986), we have seen 18 patients with esophageal ulcer following the intake of doxycycline capsules at the Uni versity Hospitals of Shiraz Medical School. During the same period only one other patient with a drug-induced esophageal ulcer was seen and this was found to be due to a mefenemic acid capsule. Diagnosis was made by esophagoscopy and after two weeks, follow-up endoscopies revealed complete healing of the ulcers. After one year, the follow-up observations of ten patients revealed no stricture or obstruction. We conclude that doxycycline capsule is the single most common cause of drug-induced esophageal ulcers and although a self-limited complication, in already ill patients, it produces significant morbidity which could be prevented by simple measures. MllRI, Vo/.2, No. 1,33-35, 1988


A Verification and Validation (V&V) framework is presented for the development and execution of coordinated modeling and experimental programs to assess the predictive capability of computational models of complex systems through focused, well structured, and formal processes. The elements of the framework are based on established V&V methodology developed by various organizations including the Department of Energy, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Four main topics are addressed: 1) Program planning based on expert elicitation of the modeling physics requirements, 2) experimental design for model assessment, 3) uncertainty quantification for experimental observations and computational model simulations, and 4) assessment of the model predictive capability. The audience for this document includes program planners, modelers, experimentalist, V&V specialist, and customers of the modeling results.


committees did not want to overstate the problem as they enforced the act and the press removed any sympathy that people may have had for them by portraying them as "aggressive" tramps. The success of this campaign saw them being viewed as parasites, and containing the problem became very important by the early twentieth century. The administration of the workhouse and, later, county homes reflected popular notions of entitlement and eligibility in that anyone capable of working should. However, we are still limited in our understanding of its operation because the failures are recorded more than the successes. The lack of contextualisation for individual cases of poverty limits our ability to understand it. Contemporaries frequently failed to understand the reality of involuntary poverty because of the rigid paradigm which the Poor Law was framed in, and "claiming a state of nationhood for the national obscured the needs of the most vulnerable" (229). This is an important and timely book. Professor Crossman's analysis is empathetic, robust and engaging. It sheds important light on the nature of the Poor Law from a variety of perspectives and this is to be welcomed. While we remain limited in our understanding of the experiences of the very poor, Crossman has shared some of their experiences in an empathetic and informative manner, which is to be welcomed.


To the Editor.—Sir: —In the current number of theJournalappears the "Address of the President of the Section on Neurology and Psychiatry of the Pan-American Medical Congress," which I have just read with interest and profit. As a matter of fact, however, I wish to correct that which concerns myself. In referring to the work of my friend, "Moyer, the tireless," Dr. C. D. Hughes (p. 387) gives him the exclusive credit of reporting the first case of "Periodically Recurring Oculo motor Paralysis" in this country, and in parenthesis refers to the Medical Record , 1887. The facts of this case are as follows: The case was referred to me by my friend Dr. D. O'Shea, and recognizing it as of rare and special interest, I showed it, in my regular work, at Prof. Holmes clinic at Rush Medical College, and later at the neurological clinic of Prof. Lyman, who


Currently, the use of low energy X-ray equipment in diagnostic radiology is still limited and has caused much controversy. The problem is caused by X-ray with low energy generally produces poor quality diagnostic images. So that there is often repeated exposure and difficulty in analyzing the image properly. A review has been conducted on the new development of mobile X-ray equipment detector by using FDR Nanotechnology to increase X-ray detectors' sensitivity in generating diagnostic images with low energy. FDR Nano X-ray equipment technology uses EDR (Enhancement Data Recognizer), Dynamic Visualization II, Virtual Grid, Noise Reduction Circuit, and ISS (Irradiated Side Sampling), can result in adequate medical images even though the radiation exposure is low. The FDR Nano X-ray equipment also has a feature that automatically adjusts the exposure conditions with thickness variations to obtain an optimal image. The test has been carried out on thick objects (obese patients) and motion objects (heart and breathing rate motion of infant), and it produces better images than using conventional mobile X-ray equipment. Therefore, FDR Nano X-ray equipment technology can increase the optimization of protection radiation and safety. This review recommends that the use of low energy X-rays equipment can be used to provide adequate diagnostic images and meets the radiation protection and safety requirements.


The most common criticism of Beckett's theatre is its supposed obscurity. Early defenders of and were themselves criticised as formalists for their inability to say what these plays were 'about' or 'meant'. Adorno's theory of the modernist artwork explained the historical development of art's opaque content and Beckett's own reluctance to explain his plays, solving an impasse in Beckett criticism with his account of the new historical role of aesthetic form as critique.


This case study aimed at investigating the role of self-efficacy in students' recount text especially in the area of writing as one of the most difficult skills in learning English. Writing difficulties faced by the students are not only based on their cognitive skill but also their own efficacy beliefs. Three problems can be found related to self-efficacy beliefs in English writing. They are related with confidence to write anxiety, and the third problem is about the students' interest. The participants of this study are three students from a Senior High School in Indramayu. The data were obtained from three data collection: questionnaire, writing test, and also the interview. The result of this study shows that the participants of this study perceived mastery experience accounted for the greatest proportion in their writing ability. It can be seen from how students rate their confidence and given overall feelings about the way to write successfully. Social persuasions and physiological states also were influential while working on writing. Meanwhile, the common experience did not predict too much in students' writing ability. Ultimately, the results of this research concluded that self-efficacy has an important role in students' ability in writing.


A series of carbazolylurea- and carbazolylthiourea-based receptors have been synthesised and their anion complexation and fluorescence properties were studied. The urea compounds show selectivity for oxo-anion complexation over chloride and the fluorescence of compound 1 is selectively quenched by benzoate anions in DMSO/0.5% water. However, the thiourea compounds show reduced anion affinities compared to the urea analogues.


The Laser megajoule (LMJ) is a French large scale laser facility dedicated to inertial fusion research. Its front-ends are based on fiber laser technology and generate highly controlled beams in the nanojoule range. Scaling the energy of those fiber seeders to the millijoule range is a way explored to upgrade LMJ's architecture. We report on a fully integrated narrow line-width all-fiber MOPA prototype at 1053 nm designed to meet stringent requirements of large-scale laser facilities seeding. We achieve 750 µJ temporally-shaped pulses of few nanoseconds at 1 kHz. Thanks to its original longitudinal geometry and its wide output core (26µm MFD), the Yb-doped tapered fiber used in the power amplifier stage ensures a single-mode operation and negligible spectro-temporal distortions. The transport of 30 kW peak power pulses (from tapered fiber) in a 17 m long large mode area (39µm) hollow-core (HC) fiber is presented and points out frequency modulation to amplitude modulation conversion management issues. A S² measurement of this fiber allows to attribute this conversion to a slightly multimode behavior (< 13dB of extinction between the fundamental mode and higher order modes). Other HC fibers exhibiting a really single-mode behavior (<20 dB) have been tested and the comparison will be presented in the conference. Finally, fiber spatial beam shaping from coherent Gaussian beam to coherent top-hat intensity profile beam in the mJ range with a specifically designed and fabricated fiber will also be presented.


The invention relates to an on-board supervision system for the supervision, from a portable terminal (T), of a machine (M) connected to a supervision station (S), said portable terminal (T) comprising means wireless reader and an embedded software, said supervisory station (S) comprising a man-machine interface (1) having a set of selectable parameters. The system according to the invention comprises means for selecting a subset of parameters (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) from among the set of selectable parameters and means for generating a readable code (C, CN, CD) by the portable terminal (T) via its wireless reading means, said code (C, CN, CD) containing a description of said subset of selected parameters (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d). Moreover, the on-board software of the portable terminal (T) generates an on-board human-machine interface (4) displayed on the screen of the portable terminal (T), said onboard human-machine interface (4) being a function of the subset of selected parameters (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d).


In a pharmacokinetic drug interaction study using a three‐period, three‐treatment (drug A, drug B, and drugs A and B concomitantly) crossover design, pharmacokinetic parameters for either drug are only measured in two of the three periods. Similar missing data problems can arise for a four‐period, four‐treatment crossover pharmacokinetic comparability study. This paper investigates whether the usual ANOVA model for the crossover design can be applied under this pattern of missing data. It is shown that the model can still be used, contrary to a belief that a new one is needed. The effect of this type of missing data pattern on the statistical properties of treatment, period and carryover effect estimates was derived and illustrated by means of simulations and an example. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Government consumption voucher is one of the effective means to promote the recovery of domestic economy and stimulate the consumption potential of residents. As there are no special regulations for government consumption vouchers in China, there are still many problems in the practice of issuing consumption vouchers by local governments. This paper analyzes the types and characteristics of government consumption coupons from the perspective of the issuance of government consumption coupons, which provides a theoretical basis for the study of the problem. By sorting out the issuance of government consumption vouchers, this paper analyzes its legal prob-李东军


K. Sello Duiker's The hidden star was published posthumously in 2006 and met with mixed critical reactions. In this article I argue that Duiker's achievement in this novel has yet to be fully recognized and appreciated. Ironically, this fantasy for younger readers has been dismissed both as an unsuitably long fairy tale and a novel too disturbingly adult to be suitable for children. It is possible that the level of critical confusion generated by the work is because it is a rare South African example of what Brian Attebery refers to as 'indigenous fantasy' (1992 : 129), that is, fantasy that, like an indigenous species, is adapted to and reflective of its own native environment.


Oxidation and resulting changes in physical and chemical properties of lipids and proteins occur widely in muscle foods, but oxidatively induced alterations in protein functionality have not been fully assessed. Recent studies have shown that sarcoplasmic, myofibrillar and stromal proteins, whether from red meat, poultry, or fish species, are all susceptible to oxidative damage caused by oxidizing lipids, metal ions, and other prooxidants indigenous to muscle or generated during meat processing. This is demonstrated by changes in protein structure, peptide chain scission, formation of amino acid derivatives and polymers, and decreases in solubility, gelation and hydration properties. However, utilization of antioxidants can minimize functional deteriorations in proteins during processing and storage, thereby assuring the supply of high-quality muscle food products.


Using a sample of 47 Portuguese and Spanish firms for the period 2010 to 2017, the authors study the relationship between female presence on board and firm's accounting (ROA and ROE) and market-based (MTB and Tobin's Q) performance. They find that women on the board of directors is positively related to firm's performance, as well as the gender of the CFO and the proportion of women on the listed key professionals, when we consider the market measures of performance, not being so consistent for accounting performance measures. Results were sensitive to the performance measure used. The results reinforce the political options of European Commission gender established quotas, revealing that in the Iberian countries these quotas are not being effectively implemented, even if results suggest that women on board in fact exert positive influence over market performance. This also led us to think that financial markets may also react in a positive way when the CFO of the company is a woman instead of a man, despite the sample limitations both in terms of gender and number of firms.


Effects of incubation temperature (18, 20, 22 and 24 oC) and salinity (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 g/L) on survival, development time and hatching size, during the embryonic period until hatching, of two freshwater endemic Mexican aterinopsids: Chirostoma humboldtianum (Valenciennes, 1835) and Chirostoma riojai Solorzano and Lopez (1965) were investigated. Embryos of both species did not survive at salinities up to 12 g/L. Hatching percentage was the highest at 22 °C and 0 g/L salinity, in both species (87%) and the lowest at 18o and 4-8 g/L in C. humboldtianum (39.95%) and at 24 oC and 12 g/L in C. riojai (33.23%). Hatching times were inversely proportional to incubation temperature increase; it was 15.5 ± 0.26 days in C. humboldtianum, and 12.4 ± 0.31 days in C. riojai, at 18 oC. At 24 oC, this period was 9.8 ± 0.11 and 7.8 ± 0.24 days, respectively. Hatching size was larger on high temperature and smaller on high salinity. The optimal temperaturesalinity combination for hatching size was 24o C and 0 g/L in C. humboldtianum and 24 oC and 4 g/L in C. riojai. There was an interactive effect of temperature and salinity on percentage hatching and on hatching size. Although these species have low salinity tolerance, the use of salt has prophylactic uses for controlling pathogens sensitive to salt. C. humboldtianum and C. riojai are potential candidates for aquaculture for restocking purposes.


Robert Silverberg, whose work is well known to science fiction fans, originally published "The Realm of Prester John" in 1972. The first modern account of the genesis of a great medieval myth which was perpetuated for centuries by European Christians who looked to Asia and Africa for a strong ruler out of the east Silverberg's romantic and fabulous tale is now available in paperback for the first time."


We present a short review about hard diffraction at the LHC. We start by describing the interest of exclusive diffractive event production, and we discuss the search for these events both at the Tevatron and the LHC. We discuss in particular the exclusive diffractive production of Higgs bosons, W and top events. We finish by discussing the uncertainties on t he gluon distribution in the pomeron at large β and some new methods to measure the survival probability.


A summary of proceedings is followed by abstracts of papers presented: Mositure Content Under Roads in the Australian Environment (Morris, PO and Gray, W); A Review of Subsoil Drainage (Forrester, K); Materials for Subsoil Drains (Jones, JR); Materials for Subsoil and Subgrade Drainage (Lowe, PW); Subsoil Drainage Practice on Rural Freeways in NSW (Anderson, JB and Tinni, A); Urban Practice in Subsoil Design and Construction (Neeson, JA); Current Practices in Subsoil Drainage by CRB, VIC (Durant, DN); Subsoil Drainage Problems Associated with Pavement Construction in Tasmania (Wettenhall, P); Subsoil Drainage Problems in Queensland (Murphy, HW). Understanding and controlling moisture movements in subgrades and pavements are fundamental aspects of road engineering and are not given the attention warranted. Techniques used to control subsoil moisture have varied and changes have resulted from a better general understanding of moisture movements. Longitudinal subsoil drains are commonly installed in urban areas where subgrades are permeable and pavements are constructed below natural surface level. To combat the effects of subsoil moisture, techniques have been used such as permeable drainage courses within or under pavements, stabilised semi- rigid pavement courses and local pavement thickening. Subsoil drainage is a design matter and higher geometric standards increase subsoil drainage problems. Further research is necessary into relations between pavement materials and cross-section design and subsoil moisture movements over a wide range of climatic conditions, verification of filter media design parameters, utilisation of filter materials which do not meet the design parameters, investigation of filter fabrics and stabilised filter materials. (TRRL)


Introduction: Mass lesions of liver are generally evaluated by Fine needle aspiration and it is especially useful in the investigation of non-neoplastic and neoplastic mass lesions of the liver. Aim of present study was to denote accuracy of ultra sound guided fine needle aspiration cytomorphological study in diagnosing the liver lesions. Material and Methods: Patients who have been admitted during a period between 2014 to 2016 with suspected liver diseases were subjected to ultrasound guided FNAC and cytological assessment. Results: Fine needle aspirations of liver were performed on 58 patients. Out of which 46 were suspected by malignant lesions and 12 of non-neoplastic lesions. Of the 46 aspirations performed on patients with suspected malignancy, 36 were diagnosed as positive (78.26%). Among other 12 nonneoplastic lesions only 7 were diagnosed positive under cytological examination by FNAC (58.33%).This could be due to more yield of material in malignant lesions than non neoplastic lesions of liver. Conclusions: In most of the cases Cytomorphological study of Hepatic masses by fine needle aspiration yields an accurate diagnosis but in some cases correlation with other investigations and ancillary studies are required for definitive diagnosis.


No matter what assurances Washington provides, many in China are concerned that the United States is becoming increasingly uneasy about China's emergence and will try to prevent it.


progressively determined in a proximal distal manner, with the autopod last to emerge. The autopod includes the wrist/ankle [carpals/tarsals] and digits [metacarpals/metatarsals and phalanges]. At autopod stages, digit precursors emerge as a series of alternating digital rays and interdigits (IDs). The IDs are secondary signaling centers that act on a discrete region of the distal digital ray called the Phalanx Forming Region (PFR) to determine digit identity (phalanx number and morphology). The PFR is molecularly defined by enrichment of phospho-SMAD 1, 5, 8 (p-SMAD) and each digital ray has a distinct p-SMAD 1, 5, 8 activity that correlates with a unique digit morphology. Bmp Receptor 1b is the major Bmp receptor necessary for PFR activity as phalanx development is inhibited following its genetic removal. Using these molecular markers of digit development, we explored how key molecular events and signaling pathways necessary for limb development related to establishment and maintenance of the PFR. Interestingly, we find that changes in gene expression previously proposed to signify termination of limb bud outgrowth are required for establishment of the PFR. Further, we uncovered a role for the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) transcriptional effector Gli3 in digit morphogenesis that is independent of Shh signaling. These results support an alternative molecular model of limb outgrowth that provides new insights into vertebrate autopod evolution and regeneration.


Mo-doped BiVO4 powder was successfully prepared by a facile liquid-solid-state reaction and was applied to a photoanode for water splitting. Pulverization of the Mo-doped BiVO4 particles by ball-mi...


This report describes research from September 29, 1990 through September 30, 1996, involving the development a novel Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic apparatus and method for measuring vapor - liquid equilibrium (VLE) systems of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide with aqueous alkanolamine solutions. The original apparatus was developed and modified as it was used to collect VLE data on acid gas systems. Vapor and liquid calibrations were performed for spectral measurements of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in the vapor and in solution with aqueous diethanolamine (DEA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). VLE measurements were made of systems of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in 20 wt % DEA at 50{degrees}C and 40{degrees}C. VLE measurements were made of systems of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in 50 wt% and 23 wt% MDEA at 40{degrees}C and in 23 wt% MDEA at 50{degrees}C. VLE measurements were made of systems of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in 35 wt% MDEA + 5 wt% DEA and in 35 wt% MDEA + 10 wt% DEA at 40{degrees}C and 50{degrees}C. Measurements were made of residual amounts of carbon dioxide in each VLE system. The new FTIR spectrometer is now a consistently working and performing apparatus.


Passive compliant prosthetic ankles have the advantage of energy saving, light weight, simple structure and competitive cost compared to powered devices. Despite of the variety of commercial products, these designs do not provide adequate degree-of-freedom during amputees' movement. It hampers them from walking comfortably especially on undulating and rough terrains. This paper presents a novel design of a multiaxis fully compliant prosthetic ankle. Finite element analyses are carried out to evaluate the mechanical behaviors of the design obtained by an optimization procedure. The designed prosthesis not only has a capability of bending and compression to store elastic energy and release it to assist in forward propulsion of the body but can also facilitate eversion motion when persons with disability move on rough road by integrating a circular flexure hinge. These characteristics make it more versatile and reduce the impact force on residual limbs.


ECONOMIES O F SALVATION: C O M M E R C E AND T H E EUCHARIST IN THE PROFANA TION OF THE HOST T H E C R O X T O N PLA Y OF THE AND SACRAMENT Alexandra Reid-Schwartz A Eucharist m i r a c l e tale k n o w n as the Miracle de la Sainte Hostie, papal w h i c h was p o p u l a r i n t h i r t e e n t h - c e n t u r y France and received r e c o g n i t i o n i n a B u l l issued i n 1295 b y Pope Boniface V I I I , resurfaced cen t h r o u g h o u t E u r o p e i n various artistic forms i n the late fifteenth tury. I n t h i s paper I w i l l consider w h y this p a r t i c u l a r Eucharist tale appears so p r e v a l e n t l y i n the late M i d d l e Ages, even i n a c o u n t r y l i k e England miracles. which had hitherto shown minimal interest in Eucharist a I w i l l l o o k i n p a r t i c u l a r at The Profanation of the Host, predella w h i c h Paolo U c c e l l o painted f o r the h i g h altar o f the U r b i n o ' A basic outline of the 1290 tale is as follows: A Parisian Jew buys a consecrated Host for ten pounds from his Christian serving girl. H e places the Host on a table, declaring that Christians are fools to believe in it, and joined by other Jews, he attempts to destroy the Host with large knives. T h e Host divides into three parts and bleeds continuously, at which sight many of the Jews convert. T h e remaining Jews place the Host in a cauldron of boiling water to destroy it, but the Host turns into flesh and blood, and the Jews convert. See Margaret Aronberg Lavin, The Altar of the Corpus D o m i n i in U r b i n o : Paolo Uccello, Joos V a n Ghent, Piero delia Franceses, The Art Bulletin 49 (1967): 3. T h e thirteenth- and fourteenth-century versions in France are Chronicles of Saint-Denis (1285-1328) and an anonymous version in 1325; in Italy, in La Cronaca Figurata of Giovanni Villani, compiled before 1348 (Lavin 2-3). T h e k n o w n fifteenth-century versions are, in France, a drama called Le jeu el mystere de la Samel Hostie, and in Italy a drama called Un miracolo del Corpo di Cristo (publ. 1498). I n 1473, a version of the play was pan of a festival held in Rome and in 1500, a Dutch version of the play was published. See Norman Davis, ed. Non-Cycle Plays and Fragments (Early English Text Society, 1984) Ixxiii ff. All references to the Croxton Play of the Sacrament will be from this edition and will appear parenthetically by line number in the text. ^Rosemary Woolf, The English Mystery Plays (Berkeley and Los Angeles: Univ. of Cali fornia Press, 1972), 68-70; Miri Rubin, Corpus Christi: The Eucharist in Late Medieval Culture (New Y o r k : Cambridge U n i v . Press, 1991), 287. Comitatus 25 (1994)


Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease was one of the classic work of TCM and was honored as the ancestral of prescription.However, its accomplishments of the interrogation were sometimes be neglected.The research showed that Treatise on Exogenous FebrileDisease had higher achievement in interrogation.The main one was initially established role of the system of interrogation and revealedthe importance of interrogation on the diseases differentiation and syndromes differentiation.


Otte, Marline Jewish Identities in German Popular Entertainment, 1890-1933. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.334 pp. $85.00 hardcover. Marline Otte's book is a welcome contribution to German Studies, Jewish Studies, and the history of popular culture. Presenting aspects of German-Jewish life and self-representation that have received little scholarly attention, this articulate, engaging, detailed, and informative study broadens our perspective on German Jewry and our view of popular entertainment in Germany from 1890-1933. Otte offers in-depth case studies from the circus, the Jargon theater, and the revue theater in order to show how Jews in popular entertainment negotiated Jewish identities in the German context for themselves and for their spectators and to argue that despite Weimar Germany's seemingly more liberal political context, German-Jewish identities and social positions were less strained before World War I than after. After a substantial and useful introduction, which lays out the overall argument and the appropriate historical and methodological background, the book is divided into three sections, each framed by its own introduction and conclusion: "Ponim et Circenses': Jewish Identities in Circus Entertainment, 1870-1933," focusing on the Blumenfeld circus family; "Comic Relief: Jewish Identities injargon Theater, 1890 to the 1920s," analyzing the Brothers Herrnfeld and the Herrnfeld Theater; and "The Loneliness of the Limelight: Jewish Identities in Revue Theater, 1989-1933," which examines Jews in the audience and onstage at the Metropol in Berlin. While Otte's three case studies and her analyses complement one another well and together form a coherent, larger argument, they are also so clearly outlined, organized, and self-sufficient that they could be reador assigned for students-independently of one another, depending on readers' needs. The specificity of Otte's topic and case studies allows her to present detailed, thorough research that makes for a fascinating read. At the same time, these detailed case studies substantiate more general claims and have a broader interest and appeal for scholars beyond those working on circuses, the Jargon theater, and the revue theater. Those studying Jewishness in other types of popular entertainment in these periods, film for example, surely will benefit from Otte's carefully documented research on Jewish performers, audiences, and self-representation in competing and influential branches of the German popular entertainment industry. …


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cover member that improves accuracy of a sensor detecting situation at a periphery of a vehicle, and hardly breaks the sensor.SOLUTION: There is provided a cover member 15 that protects a sensor outputting an electromagnetic wave to detect situation at a periphery of a vehicle. The cover member 15 has a cover 5 that is arranged at a side of an electromagnetic wave output surface of the sensor and is formed of a flexible member, and an electromagnetic wave absorption member 9 that is attached to an inner surface or an outer surface of the cover 5 through which the electromagnetic wave output from the sensor passes. The cover 5 and electromagnetic wave absorption member 9 form a layer structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4


The Chinese medicine preparation for treating apoplexia and chest Bi-syndrome is prepared with 16 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials, including astragalus root, red sage, angelica, Chuanxiong rhizome, red peony root, etc. It has the functions of benefiting vital energy, promoting blood circulation, dispersing blood clots and dredging meridian, and is used mainly in treating apoplexia with different symptoms. Compared with available technology, the present invention has the features of small dosage, fast acting and obvious curative effect.


Differential white blood cell counts were recorded for adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) of both sexes during several stages of reproduction: pre-egg laying, egg laying, incubating, molting, and postreproductive. Similar counts were made for young birds from 5 to 60 days of age. No significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences amongst the cell ratios due to sex or reproductive state of the adult birds were noted. Nonlaying and laying birds had similar numbers of thrombocytes which were significantly greater than thrombocyte numbers of incubating, molting or postreproductive birds. Young birds had a decrease in the percent lymphocytes from 50 to >60 days of age and a concomitant, compensating increase in percent heterophils. Thrombocyte numbers increased from 5 days of age to a peak at 18 days of age, after which they did not vary significantly.


A telephone survey was made of 133 of the approximately 150 known aeromedical transport programs in March 1987 to investigate the use of intraosseous infusion (IOI). A majority of the programs, 92 (69.2%), had not used IOI and were not considering its use in the near future. There were 21 (15.8%) programs that received training but had not yet used IOI. Two (1.5%) programs were considering bringing IOI into their programs. The technique was used by 39 (29.2%) of the programs surveyed in the study. Of the 39 programs using IOI, seven (18.0%) require that a physi- cian perform the procedure and the remaining 32 (82.0%) programs allow physicians and allied health personnel to perform IOI. Of the 39 programs using IOI, 18 (46.19%) attempt IOI after unsuccessful ef-forts to establish a peripheral IV for five minutes. The remaining 21 (53.9%) attempt IOI only as a last resort after central venous or cut-down attempts. The 133 programs surveyed report 50 cases of IOI utilization in 1986 with success rates of 75-100%. All cases but one were in children. Three complications were reported—a needle dislodgement, perfora- tion of the tibia and calf during insertion, and inability to penetrate to cortex despite several attempts. The authors conclude that IOI is easy to use with a low rate of complications and is underutilized in pediatric fluid resuscitation. Michael R. Gunderson, REMT-P The potential utilization of intraosseous infusion (IOI) for fluid resuscitation was investigated in swine. The study attempts to determine if the size of the needle of the size of the bone is the flow rate limiting factor in IOI. Eight "large" swine (avg. 14.4 kg) and eight "small" swine (avg 5.8 kg) each received a 13 g and an 18 g tibial intraosseous line through which flow rates of saline and blood were measured under gravity and 300 mmHg pressure infusion. In the small swine, the bone size appeared to be a limiting factor because both sizes of needles yielded similar flow rates. In the larger swine, the 13 g needle demonstrated a significantly greater flow than the 18 g needle, a mean flow rate of 51.9 ml/min is recorded. In all cases pressure infusion improved flow and saline infusion had higher flow rates than blood. The authors suggest 13 g IOI needles be made more readily available.


This study investigates how surgical and intensive care trainees come to understand the quality of their performance and the role of feedback conversations. Trainees reported some commonalities between specialty, but they also indicated highly divergent experiences. They had to ' patch together ' performance information into an evolving picture of overall progress; this was particularly challenging in intensive care, which was a more ambiguous and emotional clinical context. Attending to how, when and where trainee meaning making takes place may allow for effective conversations within specialty feedback cultures. Bearman, M, Ajjawi, R, Castanelli, D


Abstract The effect of interstitials on the mechanical properties of cast and wrought titanium alloys has been extensively reported but less information is available on the effect of contamination during PM processing. The sources of interstitial contamination when processing titanium powders by compaction, isostatic pressing, powder injection moulding (PIM) and innovative foaming processes are reviewed, focusing specifically on oxygen. The initial powder characteristics (surface area, size), process parameters (time, temperature) and environment (atmosphere, binder, support) may all have significant impact on the final interstitial content. It is, therefore, important to identify and control the sources of contamination by interstitials. A case study on PIM is provided to illustrate the relative contribution of the different sources.


Using box-shaped profiles created by laser melt annealing, the authors investigate the kinetics of arsenic activation and deactivation. They find deactivation shows no history effects, which can be consistent either with clustering or precipitation for the cases considered. For activation, they notice it occurs on very short time scales, followed by a slower deactivation process. This is suggestive evidence that at least some precipitation occurs.


Benzene desorption from palladium (111) is investigated at low coverages (θ ≅ 0.026 and 0.050, where θ is the fractional coverage of benzene molecules to palladium surface atoms). Desorption occurs at rates that can be readily monitored using laser-induced thermal desorption with Fourier transform mass spectrometry between 430 and 490 K. Other researchers have concluded that, at these coverages, all benzene is flat-lying, i.e., adsorbed with the molecular plane nearly parallel to the surface. The desorption kinetics are adequately described by a first-order rate law and the Arrhenius plots are linear. The data indicate that competitive decomposition reactions are not significant at these temperatures and coverages. The activation energy (E a ) and the preexponential factor (A) are determined at two different coverages and no coverage dependence is observed. At the 95% confidence level (N = 9 and 6, respectively), the kinetic parameters are E d =169 ′ 9 kJ/mol and log A d = 17.3 ′ 1.1 s - 1 for θ ≅ 0.05, and E d = 170 ′ 7 kJ/mol and log A d = 16.9 ′ 0.8 s-' for θ ≅ 0.026. The high values for the preexponential factors indicate a significant gain in entropy between the adsorbed state and the transition state for desorption.


This application note introduces a new self–oscillating converter based on VK05CFL device to drive "SE", "DE", and "TE" fluorescent tubes. The design is intended for 5 to 23W fluorescent lamps and 110V, 230V ± 20% main voltage.


Objective: The main aim of the present study is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of whole cell vaccines and tumor extracts with or without combination chemotherapy using the cytotoxic compound, a glutamine antagonist, 5-N-methyl 2(4'-ethyl benzene sulphonyl) glutamine and the anticancer drug, Methotrexate (MTX) against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss Albino mice. Methods: Male Swiss albino mice were divided into different groups and administered with MTX and 5-N-methyl 2-(4'-ethyl benzenesulphonyl) glutamine at dose levels of 2.5 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg body weight respectively. Whole cell vaccine and tumor extract were also administered to separate groups at dose levels of 100 μl/10gm body weight. Chemoimmunotherapy was performed with different groups where the chemotherapy with cytotoxic drugs was followed by immunotherapy with whole cells vaccine or tumor extract. Results: This study shows the enhanced therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy when combined with immunotherapy. Whole cell vaccines proved to be more effective when compared with that of tumor extracts (p < 0.05), singly and also in combination with cytotoxic drugs. Whole cell vaccine in combination with cytotoxic drugs has shown significant increase in the number of long time survivors (LTS: animals, which survived after 60 days from the beginning of the experiment were considered to be LTS). Seven out of 8 survived in combination with methotrexate and five out of 8 with 5-N-methyl 2(4'-ethyl benzenesulphonyl) glutamine when compared with either of individual treatments. Conclusion: From this study it would appear that chemotherapy with glutamine antagonist in combination with immunotherapy augmented the therapeutic efficacy Whole cell vaccine proved to be a better combination when compared with tumor extract or oncolysate possibly in eliciting cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses or humoral responses leading to antitumor activity.


Purpose

The cultural transformation introduces team orientation as a powerful tool to reconfigure the human capital to become more productive. The purpose of this paper is to try to uncover two folds: first is to check the direct effects of employees' work engagement and rational psychological contract on contextual performance and job satisfaction and second is to investigate the moderating effect of team orientation in-between above-stated relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

The self-administrated questionnaires and simple random sampling are used to collect data from 380 employees of banking and insurance sector.

Findings

The findings reveal that work engagement and relational psychological contract have positive relationships with employees' contextual performance and job satisfaction. Furthermore, the presence of team orientation has strengthened effect on direct existing relationships.

Practical implications

This study adds the body of knowledge by providing insights into team orientation in different avenues. For practice side, it is important to discourse the work engagement of employee and their relational psychological contract to enhance the contextual performance. Moreover, high work engagement leads to high commitment level and ultimately increases the level of job satisfaction.

Originality/value

The contemporary research is lacking with respect to the empirical investigation of team orientation, more particularly, in relationship to human psychology factors. This unique model is addressing the real time issue by providing insights to relational psychological contract, employees work engagement, contextual performance and job satisfaction.


Abstract One technique for reducing residual stress in welds is high pressure rolling of the weld seam. In this study, a variety of experimental techniques, including microhardness measurements and cross-weld tensile tests with digital image correlation, have been used to characterise the effects of rolling on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the weld material in welded structural steel specimens. It is shown that rolling applied at high temperature, as welding is carried out, promotes the formation of acicular ferrite in the weld metal. This produces a weld material with a greater yield strength and hardness, but slightly reduced impact toughness compared to unrolled welds. Rolling of the weld metal once it has cooled instead causes work-hardening. These effects are discussed as they relate to the use of rolling for weld residual stress reduction.


The questions of serviceability of the enterprises of petrochemical complex and its infrastructures are stated, some historical aspects of development of a major engineering science about constructions the mechanics, in particular, backgrounds of epoch of the classical mechanics Galileo Galiley are considered.


Abstract The phase of locomotor activity of the onion fly, Delia antiqua, in L (400 lux) Ldim (1.0 lux) cycles delayed as compared with that in LD cycles. The free-running period (τ) in constant dim light (LdimLdim) was longer than that in constant darkness (DD), suggesting that the phase delay of locomotor activity in LLdim cycle was caused by the increase in τ. At LdimD 12:12 in which the light intensity of the photophase was 1.0 lux, the locomotor activity free-ran with the period shorter than 24 hr until about week 2 after eclosion but thereafter entrained to LdimD in spite of τ might become longer than 24 hr. This suggests that the flies may become more sensitive to light intensity with age.


Abstract: This study aims to determine and analyze what factors cause the rise of criminal acts of theft whose perpetrators come from outside Gorontalo. The type of research used in this article is empirical legal research with a qualitative approach. Furthermore, the data will be analyzed descriptively by describing and providing interpretations of the data obtained in the field by basing on the applicable norms or legal rules associated with the subject matter studied, namely those concerning theft. The results of this study indicate that the factors that cause the rise of criminal acts of theft whose perpetrators come from outside Gorontalo are 1) Economic factors that result in unemployment and poverty. 2) The development of globalization and the lack of communication between the police and the sub-district government, the development of globalization moves feel so fast that people can quickly move from one place to another and this is accompanied by a surveillance system that exists in every border between provinces which is so free that it makes it easier for the movement of the people. criminals to move from one place to another. 3) Individual and Victim Factors, it is undeniable that every criminal act that occurs is also influenced by the victim's careless and careless factors so that it invites the intentions of the perpetrators of the crime.


The sequences of the 35 and 36 amino-terminal amino acids of two purified amyloid fibril proteins have been determined. Results indicate that these two proteins are derived from homogeneous immunoglobulin light chains of variable region subgroup VκI. The relation between amyloidosis and immunoglobulins is thus more firmly established.


A model of decision making is proposed that integrates recognitional and metacognitive processes. The metacognitive functions supplement recognitional skills in situations in which events are novel or the meaning of events is unclear for other reasons. Such situations are common in military settings, such as Naval anti-air warfare, where it is often the case that stakes are high, time is short, and events do not fit standard patterns. Training based on the model was designed to help Navy officers assess such situations. Two experimental tests of the training were conducted using highly realistic, computer-based simulations. Results indicate that the training improved decision processes and decision accuracy. Implications for team training and the design of decision aids are discussed.


Even before the emergence of the fashion sustainability movement, some European and Japanese fashion designers were active in inventing new creative principles. Key examples of such designers are: Martin Margiela, Rei Kawakubo, Yohji Yamamoto and Issey Miyake. They have created a completely new, different and personal style in fashion, as a consequence of exceptional aesthetic creativity. With their ingenious creativity and by pushing the boundaries in fashion design and artistic creation, they managed to create a basis for the development of modern sustainable fashion. Among the creative-experimental solutions available to a fashion designer as a strategy for sustainable fashion design, the creation of clothes without fabric waste ("zero-waste") stands out. The inspiration for such a creative-experimental design solution can be found in methods and techniques of traditional Japanese paper folding skills - origami, as well as in traditional Japanese costume - kimono. The introduction of this concept into fashion provides an opportunity not only to reshape the relation between body and clothing, but also has the potential to create clothing design based on sustainability and a new universality in the twenty-first century. Nevertheless, following the approach of famous designers, it can be seen that for success in sustainable fashion design is necessary to master the fundamentals of traditional and sometimes forgotten craftmanship, which could surely lead to further progress by upgrading one's own ideas.


The subject of health psychology research clarifies the subject of scientific debate. The most complete health psychology can be defined as the science of the structure factors, the mechanisms of human vitality, it explores the impact of biological, psychological and social factors on health status, as well as tactics and strategies health-behavior having their understanding of the goals of the behavioral and contextual factors, prevention of diseases; study of the effects of the disease.


In recent years, the world economic situation and container shipping industry has been fluctuated drastically, which has complicated the liner shipping companies' operation. The conventional issue of overcapacity due to the "equipment battle", and the destructive competition have further stimulated the operating intricacy within the container sector. That would be interesting to explore the chartering strategies of CMA CGM (Compagnie Maritime d'Affretement Compagnie Generale Maritime) in such a volatile market as any capacity adjustment dictates a line's profit line. Nevertheless, the usefulness of ship chartering is not only confined to the operational level but also the strategic level. Throughout the analysis of CMA CGM's fleet trend, fleet deployment as well as chartering activities, it can illustrate the above concepts and observe a little bit further about the strategic movement of CMA CGM.


Tubular permanent magnetic linear synchronous motor(PMLSM)is a novel linear motor.This paper presents a tubular PMLSM motor and analyse several different ways to detect the position of active cell.We have design a new technique to detect the position and done some experiments in the way.The results show that this method can provide a quick and precise position signal.


Megalocornea and megalophthalmos are bilateral developmental anomaly of the anterior segment of the eye. Either of these conditions has a high risk of developing glaucoma. We report the rare case in a 9-year-old child with simple megalocornea in one eye and megalophthalmos in other eye. He has increased corneal diameter in both the eyes and iris stromal hypotrophy exposing the radial vessels, raised intraocular pressure (IOP), and optic nerve head cupping in the left eye (LE). LE trabeculectomy with Ologen was performed. Postoperative IOP was well controlled at 1-year follow-up with favorable bleb morphology.


Sounds in VRML are spatialized (i.e. located in space) but no room effects can be described to make them more realistic. In this paper we present a solution we have implemented for extending the simple sound management within a VRML browser. The first aspect is the description of sound related materials in VRML format using new nodes and fields. We describe the different elements we have introduced for dealing with a 3D perceptual sound simulator. Those adjunctions were made by looking at the likeness and differences of the description and the computation of 3D visual and 3D audio worlds. It appears that only one type of sound source is needed as well as some material properties for the polygons. These material attributes for sounds are added in order to achieve some simple occlusion effects. The second aspect is the implementation of this audio-enhanced VRML browser. We present the tool we have implemented to evaluate this work.


Immigration impacts the economy in ample ways: it affects growth, wages and total factor productivity. This study deals with the effects of immigration on firm exports. Can firms benefit from hiring immigrants to expand their export sales? Or do immigrants who live in the firm's region affect trade? In contrast to the existing literature, we are able to distinguish these two distinct channels. Using matched employer-employee data from Denmark for the years 1995 - 2005, we provide novel insight in the nexus between exports and immigration. We further contribute to the literature by providing first evidence on the adjustment of firms' product portfolio in response to immigration. Our results show that firms can reap the benefits from immigration only through hiring foreigners. This implies that the trade-cost reducing intercultural knowledge embedded in foreign expatriates can only be accessed via employment. Thus, to tap the full potential of foreign labor movements for international trade, political efforts should be targeted towards labor market integration of immigrants.


"Automotive document and Intelligence Resource sharing Platform" has been developed and applicated based on"cooperating sharing",with abundant resources including technology documents and intelligence information.Providing a wealth of technology resources and effective reference information for RD planning and employees.The platform developes"domain ontology" indexing retrieval system,realizing resources sharing around the group and local college.It will promote enterprise technology innovation,decision-making and talent cultivation.


Recently, advanced video processing systems have been developed for numerous applications, such as surveillance, tracking, monitoring, object and event detection. The large size of this data and the wide range of detectable events or objects render the automation of various video processing procedures necessary. The proposed system first finds the pixels where activities occur by processing the higher order statistics of luminance changes between accumulated video frames. Once these pixels are extracted, sequential likelihood ratio based change detection techniques are applied to find at which frames activities occur. The resulting system is novel, as it can localize actions both in space and in time, in a theoretically sound manner. Testing takes place with real video sequences, to demonstrate its effectiveness.


Existing literature gives a considerable significance to the role of innovation capacity and modern marketing tools as major drivers of firm performance. Marketing, organizational and technological capabilities often demonstrates high efficiency being complement each other in achieving strong competitiveness of the enterprise at domestic and world market. It is well known that a problem of resource constraints is typically faced by majority of enterprises at transitional economies. The shares of public funding (central governments, local and regional authorities or international institutes and funds) in RD b) reinforce the competition as a market institute; b) contribute to overcome the restrictions to growth caused by institutional disbalances and unfavorable institutional environment at transitional economies. However the institutional reform at transitional and emergence economies aimed to transform the system of relationship concerning property rights, for encourage the enterprises to realize the long-term investments in R&D as well in equipment and technology renovation is of high importance as long-term period measure.


Exposure to air pollutants of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a major threat to human health. Research on PM2.5 exposure has been on the rise in recent years, but there has been a lack of systematic literature analysis in this field. To address this research gap, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of the existing publications on PM2.5 exposure over the past three decades and analyzed the current state and historical trends of research using the open-access tool, KNIME. Our results show that the number of publications on PM2.5 exposure has been increasing at an accelerating rate over the last 30 years. The authors of the publications are primarily from developed nations, such as countries in North America, Europe, East Asia, and Oceania. Published research is mainly from the fields of Environmental Sciences and Ecology, Environmental Sciences, and Public, Environmental and Occupational Health. The main research hotspots are exposure, air pollution, and PM2.5. Research is trending toward the intersection and integration of multiple subjects. Our results highlight the rapid growth of PM2.5-related research and provide insights into the structure, impact, and trends of this interdisciplinary field.


The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for storing a document file, storing and maintaining a document file to insert directly into the predetermined position in the existing document file to more specifically generates a scanned document as a file corresponding to the original document file of scanning the document relates to a method and apparatus for the insertion. Scanning the document insertion method for achieving the object of the present invention is the first document file in the second article to the second article the user command step input ((a) step), scanning for selecting the location to be inserted based on the first document file, the method comprising: generating a second document file corresponding to the form ((b) step), and the inserted position of the second article the selected inserting a file of the second document to the first document file It characterized in that it comprises a step ((c) step). The scan a document inserted in accordance with the present invention and the apparatus can be inserted into the new document to a new document easily without going through a complex data processing, such as using a predetermined editing program for insertion into an existing document file of the original document file of have.


Heterogeneity of natural subsurface formations is characterized by several length scales ranging from the pore scale to the regional scale. Among these different length scales, two scales typically play an important role in most groundwater contamination problems, namely: the heterogeneity characterizing the spatial distribution of lithofacies (such as the distribution of sand lenses within a silty clay matrix) and the variability of the hydrological properties within the various lithofacies, particularly within the high permeability facies. The purpose of this study is to stochastically assess the impact of these two forms of heterogeneity on the delineation of the capture zone of an extraction well. The analysis is applied to a remedial investigation site in southern California. A two-step procedure is used to stochastically define the hydrogeological properties at the site, taking into account available hydraulic conductivity measurements as well as lithology information from a number of well logs. The procedure assumes that the lithology at any particular point in the aquifer is represented in terms of an indicator random spatial variable whose three-dimensional (3-D) structure is determined from the exploratory well logs. The hydraulic conductivity of the permeable materials is also defined as a random spatial variable whose statistical structure is inferred from the available hydraulic conductivity data. In step one, the distribution of lithofacies (sand and silty clay lenses) is defined using indicator geostatistics. In step two, the hydraulic conductivity spatial distribution is determined from the indicator spatial distribution and hydraulic conductivity statistical spatial structure. Monte Carlo simulations are used to generate equiprobable multiple realizations of the indicator variable and hydraulic conductivity. A 3-D groundwater flow model is then used to probabilistically define the capture zone of a remedial extraction well. The relative significance of these two heterogeneities on the uncertainty in the delineation of the well capture zone is evaluated.


Objective To establish a quality control method for hesperidin in Wuwei granules by RP-HPLC.Methods A Kromasil C18 column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) was used at 30 ℃;the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water(20 :80).The detection wavelength was 284 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1.Results Within the range of 19.96-159.68 μg·mL-1,hesperidin showed a good linear relationship between the injection amount and peak areas(r= 0.999 8).The average recovery was 99.0% and RSD was 1.3%(n=9).Conclusion The method is accurate and reliable,and it can be used for the quality control of Wuwei granules.


The present study reports fabrication and characterization of glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilized reduced graphene oxide (rGO), gold nanoparticles (AuNp) and rGO/AuNp composite electrodes. The study further evaluated their electrochemical behaviors using cyclic voltammetry (CV) at different scan rates (10–150 mV/s) and different glucose concentrations (0.1–0.9 M) in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4. Electron transfer rate constants (ks) for glucose oxidation onto these enzyme immobilized electrodes have been calculated from the plot of Ep vs. log ν ( peak potential vs. log of scan rate) which showed faster electron transfer rate onto rGO/AuNp composite surface compared to AuNp or rGO surfaces alone. A laboratory model enzymatic fuel cell (EFC) was constructed by coupling the anode with a potassium ferrocyanide-ferricyanide cathode under argon atmosphere. From the discharge studies, the rGO/AuNp/GOx/C-felt electrode was found to be better than AuNp/GOx/C-felt or rGO/GOx/C-felt electrodes. This better performance in rGO/AuNp/GOx/C-felt electrode has been related to the enhanced attachment of GOx enzyme onto AuNp surface through "S" atoms of sulfur containing amino acids and better electronic conductivity of rGO surface. Hence, the current study concluded that the rGO/AuNp/GOx/C-felt electrode is a promising electrode for glucose oxidation in EFCs.