The speed of sound in standard seawater (diluted with pure water and evaporated) has been measured relative to pure water with a Nusonics velocimeter as a function of temperature (0 to 40°C, at 5° intervals) and salinity (5 to 40 0/00, at 5 0/00 intervals) at a atm. The results have been fitted to an equation of the form c = c0 + A S (0/00) + B S (0/00)3/2 + C S (0/00)2, where c0 is the speed of sound in pure water, S (0/00) is the salinity in parts per thousand, and A, B, and C are temperature−dependent parameters. The sound speeds fit this equation to a standard deviation of 0.04 m sec−1 over the entire temperature and salinity range. Over the oceanographic range our results, on the average, agree with the work of Wilson to ±0.5 m sec−1 (max 1.08 m sec−1) and with the work of Del Grosso and Mader to ±0.05 m sec−1 (max 0.14 m sec−1). In the low−salinity range, (5−25 0/00 salinity) our results, on the average, agree with the work of Wilson to ±0.3 m sec−1 (max 1.1 m sec−1) and with the work of Del Grosso ...


Often, chemists are interested in the most efficient way of converting our starting materials into the desired product. A huge number of reactions proceed via the production of intermediate species, see Scheme 1, which are usually shortlived and difficult to detect. Such intermediates are considered to be of great importance because it is their reactivity which can determine the outcome of a reaction and, hence, the efficiency with which the final product is made. This can have widespread importance across the whole of chemistry, ranging from pharmaceutical and organic synthesis to catalysis and materials chemistry. Many of the standard approaches to characterising compounds such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectro scopy and mass spectrometry are not suited to probing very short-lived transient species in solution. However, a range of time-resolved techniques, such as luminescence, electronic and vibrational spectroscopies, can be effectively employed to observe and characterise these important and fleeting chemical intermediates. There are two general approaches for studying shor t-l ived chemical intermediates; (a) slowing the reaction down by lowering the temperature and using matrix isolation or inert solvents (such as liquefied noble gases) and characterising them using conventional spectroscopy, or (b) observing the reaction at room temperature occurring in "real-time" by fast time-resolved spectroscopy. Time-resolved techniques follow the course of a reaction by taking a snap-shot of the sample's spectrum at various time intervals throughout the reaction. Many of the most fundamental chemical and biological transformations occur on very fast timescales and the ability to observe these is of great importance if we wish to understand how such basic processes happen. The results of matrix isolation, low temperature solution and time-resolved measurements are complementary, see Scheme 2, working together to provide a more complete mechanistic picture than either would individually.


We study abstract equations of the form , which is motivated by the study of vibrations of flexible structures possessing internal material damping. We introduce the notion of -regularized families, which is a particular case of -regularized families, and characterize maximal regularity in -spaces based on the technique of Fourier multipliers. Finally, an application with the Dirichlet-Laplacian in a bounded smooth domain is given.


The research objective was to improve student's Intergated Science Process Skill (SPS) on biology by guided inquiry learning combined with brainstorming activities of XI MIA 2 SMA N 1 Karanganyar. The research was Classroom Action Research with 2 cycles which consisted of 4 phases namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. Intergated Science Process Skill was assessed in this research were constructing hypothesis, designing investigation, investigation, collecting and processing data was assessed by observation and integrated SPS cognitive test. The subject of the research was 36 students of XI MIA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar academic year 2014/2015. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive technique. The result in cycles I and II showed that Intergated SPS on biology significantly increased by the guided inquiry learning model combined with brainstorming activities. The improvement based on observation results in constructing hyphothesis was about 62,8%, designing investigation was about 72,69%, investigation was about 79,63%, and collecting and processing data was about 68,98%. The improvement based on Integrated SPS cognitive test results in constructing hyphothesis was about 91,67%, designing investigation was about 82,41%, collecting and processing data was about 65,97%. The research concluded Integrated SPS was significantly increased guided inquiry model combined with brainstorming activities at grade XI MIA 2 in SMA Negeri 1 Karanganyar Keywords: guided inquiry learning model, integrated science process skill, brainstorming activities


While accidental trauma is the most common cause of death in childhood, abusive head trauma is the most common cause of traumatic death in infancy. The incidence of abusive head trauma in the United States is estimated to be 15 per 1000 children each year, though this may be an underestimation. Nearly 25% of children under 2 years of age who are hospitalized for head trauma have been abused. There are several clinical and radiological features that are helpful in distinguishing accidental from abusive head trauma in young infants, such as retinal hemorrhages, which are present in 60% to 95% of patients with abusive head trauma. Computed tomographic scanning (CT) is the most rapid, reliable tool in the diagnosis of abusive head trauma. Acute subdural and subarrachnoid hemorrhage, the most common brain injuries seen in children with abusive head trauma, can be readily appreciated on CT by experienced clinicians. Long-term outcome of survivors of abusive head trauma tends to be poor, and is dependent on the severity of symptoms on initial presentation. Such clinical features are helpful in distinguishing accidental from abusive head trauma in young children.


$Numerical modeling of the Pulsed Inductive Thruster, (PIT) exercising the magnetohydrodynamics code, MACH2 aims to provide bilateral validation of the thruster's measured performance and the code's capability of capturing the pertinent physical processes. Computed impulse values for helium and argon propellants demonstrate excellent correlation to the experimental data for a range of energy levels and propellant-mass values. Quantitative energy deposition analysis confirms the thruster's demonstrated constant-efficiency operation and captures the experimentally-observed, critical-mass phenomenon. An idealized model for these energy levels and propellants expands the validity of the aforementioned to other propellants and identifies the PIT's unique operation with ammonia propellant.


A numerical study is conducted to study the effect of aspect ratio (extending the height) on the natural convection flow inside a square cavity. 2D incompressible equations are solved using the open CFD package OpenFOAM. A domain and grid independence study is conducted for getting the optimum dimensions and the grid size used in the problem. The validation is done for benchmark problems before applying on to the problem. The vortices formed inside the enclosure is identified by the help of streamlines. This paper clearly discusses the different regimes formed by changing the aspect ratio.


For a commercial port, to efficiently schedule the public berths is an important issue. Since a berth schedule would affect the usage of the commercial port, in this thesis, we apply a genetic algorithm to schedule the public berths in order to minimize the total waiting time of vessels. When in the initialization process, we encode the chromosome based on wharf characteristics in order to avoid assigning vessels to inappropriate wharves. After mutation process, we also adjust the usage of wharves to improve the speed of convergence speed. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can assign vessels to proper berths as soon as vessels arrive. Compared to the other genetic algorithms, the proposed algorithm obtains better performance in convergence speed and the quality of the solutions.


It is shown how compensators for turboalternator excitation-control schemes may readily be designed to appropriate stability margins using multivariable frequency-response methods. The proposed design approach offers a great improvement over previous methods, and the ease of its application is demonstrated by the design of a speed compensator for a static excitation system.


The pairs of sugars glucose–fructose and fructose–sucrose have been comelted and quenched to form binary glasses. Glass-to-rubber transition temperatures Tg and heat capacities of the glasses and the crystalline sugars have been measured by computer-aided differential scanning calorimetry. Tg was found to vary smoothly with glass composition and the (constant pressure) heat capacities C of the glasses and rubbers varied monotonically with Tg. It is suggested that C is a better and experimentally more convenient indicator of Tg and the glassy state than is the inferred viscosity in terms of which Tg is usually defined. The Tg data for mixtures extrapolate smoothly to a Tg of fructose of 286 K which differs substantially from the value (373 K) previously reported. C values for the crystalline sugars agree with literature data.


Abstract
 This expert opinion discusses evidence for and against climate change impacts on the abundance and distribution of tick vectors and tick-borne diseases in Taiwan.


Wireless Sensing Networks (WSNs) offer excellent environmental monitoring capabilities and use many interesting applications in advanced network applications. The problem is that the security mechanisms used in wired networks cannot be incorporated directly in WSN due to scarce resources. In this paper, specific measures that need to be taken against across distributed wireless networks, explore some of the approaches to detect attacks, and propose a new game theory-approach in identifying the intrusion detection. Two key elements which are most challenging in mobile and wireless networks, the geo-location of the nodes will change dynamically and security between the nodes is limited and monitoring packet transmission in order to avoid various intrusion methods involved between the nodes and data transmission has to be secured with a guarding mechanism. This paper implements about how to provide advanced authentication schemes for network programming to avoid and reduce intrusion and precautionary measures to be considered in avoiding intrusion detection in advantage of vulnerabilities and attack network and causes failure. The results show that implemented research on sensor network security focuses on the ability to detect third-party intrusion attempts, even if they are attempts to attack even before it has happened If the intruder is detected quickly, appropriate action is taken before any damage occurs or if any data is available made a compromise.


Purpose of this study is to compare the latest world championships with the old system and the latest world championship competitions with the new system, and to compare the competitions in two different systems by conducting activity and technical analysis. Thus, the technical analysis of the 2007 and 2017 world taekwondo championship women's and men's finals was performed. SPSS 22.0 package program was used for statistical analysis of the acquired data and results were evaluated at p <0.05 significance level. Mann - Whitney U Test was applied to the techniques used (punch, palding, pusachagi, yopchagi, dwichagi, neryochagi, dollyochagi, pandedollyo), total technical numbers, frequency and percentage analysis of points and penalties and pairwise comparisons. When the findings of the study were examined, there were statistically meaningful differences found between the number of techniques used in the competition and the techniques used in the competitions in 2017 (women; p = .001, men; p = .001). In the world championship finals in 2007, while women athletes used a total of 404 techniques, they used 1152 techniques in the world championship finals in 2017. In 2007, totally 525 techniques were used in men and in 2017, 1205 techniques were used. As a conclusion, in Taekwondo, when the competitions between the old system and the new system are compared, it can be said that in the new system, the athletes use much more techniques and their scores increase considerably depending on the changing rules and the technical numbers.


factors like ischemia/reperfusion injury. Abstract# 2075 Poster Board #-Session: P402-II 2075 Poster Board #-Session: P402-II THE CYTOPROTECTANT LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT DEXTRAN SULFATE INHIBITS TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR INDUCED PHENOTYPIC AND FUNCTIONAL MATURATION OF HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS. Rolf Spirig, Carolina Obregon, Laurent Nicod, Robert Rieben. Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern,


I. IntroductionH.L. Mencken said, "Democracy is the theory that the common people know what they want and deserve to get it good and hard."1 Alexandra Klein demonstrates that while Mencken's impatience with democracy may be justified, his observation is built on a fallacy: "the people" do not exist; majorities and minorities do.This is a foundational part of U.S. constitutional history. The division of federal powers among three branches, the division of national powers between the states and the federal government, the justification for a large republic, staggered electoral terms, and an independent judiciary with the power to declare legislation unconstitutional are all part of a governmental scheme designed to check the power of popular majorities.2The same fear of tyrannical majorities that animated the Framers also prompted the Supreme Court to subject legislation that threatened the freedom of "discrete and insular minorities" to a much more exacting scrutiny than it used for other legislation.3 In United States v. Carolene Products, Justice Stone stated this in the famous fourth footnote to his opinion of the Court:There may be narrower scope for operation of the presumption of constitutionality when legislation appears on its face to be within a specific prohibition of the Constitution, such as those of the first ten amendments, which are deemed equally specific when held to be embraced within the Fourteenth.It is unnecessary to consider now whether legislation which restricts those political processes which can ordinarily be expected to bring about repeal of undesirable legislation is to be subjected to more exacting judicial scrutiny under the general prohibitions of the Fourteenth Amendment than are most other types of legislation. On restrictions upon the right to vote, on restraints upon the dissemination of information, on interferences with political organizations, as to prohibition of peaceable assembly.Nor need we enquire whether similar considerations enter into the review of statutes directed at particular religious, or racial minorities, whether prejudice against discrete and insular minorities may be a special condition, which tends seriously to curtail the operation of those political processes ordinarily to be relied upon to protect minorities, and which may call for a correspondingly more searching judicial inquiry.4But Carolene Products signaled a surrender by the Court. It would no longer subject economic rights to the same strict scrutiny that it continued to employ when dealing with discrete and insular minorities and more fundamental rights such as those noted in footnote four.5 Working from the assumption that economic legislation affected rich and poor alike and, therefore, the political process would resolve any controversies regarding such laws, the Court retreated from imposing anything more than "rational basis" review on economic legislation.6While this may have made sense in 1938, Alexandra Klein argues that it no longer does so. She demonstrates that the economic marketplace does indeed generate discrete and insular minorities. The market is neither fair nor efficient. It is as subject to domination by special interests akin to the factions Madison feared in Federalist 10 as the political marketplace. Economic rights, she argues, are no less important than the other "fundamental" rights outlined by Justice Stone. Insofar as the economic marketplace is unjust, the Court can no longer justify treating challenges to economic regulations with the "kid gloves" of rational basis review.II. The EvidenceIn focusing on occupational licensing schemes, Klein brilliantly uses what may seem to be very local or arcane issues to demonstrate a fundamental flaw in the Court's approach to states' rights, the federal division of powers, and economic freedoms. There is, as she notes, something peculiarly wrong in the political and economic system if it can take longer to become a pet groomer than it does to become an emergency medical technician. …


A simulated verification and validation of the neural-network rate-function (NNRF) approach to modeling the nonlinear dynamic systems is provided. The NNRF modeling scheme utilizes some a priori process knowledge and experimental data to develop a dynamic neural-network model. Based on the obtained neural-network model, an optimal temperature trajectory was computed via the two-step method to drive a batch free-radical polymerization reaction to a prescribed molecular weight distribution (MWD). Evaluation of the quality of the end product suggests that the proposed NNRF modeling approach can be applied in dynamic modeling of a complex and nonlinear reaction system.


The Spirit of Law is a new expression put forth at the Party's 17th National Congress,and is another new strategic concept after the Party's 15th National Congress in which the strategy of Administration by Law was put forth.Under the new situation of our reform,education in law should all the more shift its focus from publicizing law knowledge to upholding law spirit and cultivating law-awareness.By taking into consideration the development of China human right and internationalizing our law pedagogy we should try to infiltrate law spirit and idea into citizen's mind and behaviors so as to enhance their law awareness and for a better implementation of administration by law which will provide a pleasant environment for building a socialist harmonious and well off society.


Quantitative data and multiple tests of hypotheses are commonly used in political science to help identify generalizable patterns. As technology makes it ever easier to process data and generate large numbers of statistics, the role that chance plays in shaping the results becomes greater rather than smaller. Consequently, researchers often underestimate chance and fail to report its true importance. This paper reviews recent statistical work on the likelihood of coincidences and applies its insights to common problems of data analysis in political science, such as significance testing, model specification, and dummy variable analysis. We illustrate several ways that statistical results can appear to be meaningful when they are not and suggest remedies that aid in the assessment of the true probability of the improbable in research results.


This is mainly due to the high chemical reactivity and spontaneous etching nature of the fluorine radicals towards silicon, and the high volatility of the silicon fluorides as reaction products. Anisotropy can only be achieved by the inclusion of sidewall passivation schemes to the process. The existing approaches to deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) of silicon are distinguished by the way sidewall passivation is achieved, the key to anisotropy and overall performance of the etch process. Cryogenic etching and the so-called Bosch process with alternating etch and passivation cycles are the two most well-known high-aspect-ratio silicon etch processes and are discussed in this paper.


Jim Bell's excellent feature on Mars (January pp35–40) is unduly pessimistic about the results of the Viking experiments that examined Martian soil for the presence of life in 1976. "By most measures," he concludes, "the experiments that searched for life or complex organic chemistry on Mars were all negative." The opposite is in fact true. Only one of the four experiments gave a clear "negative" to life on Mars, and that result is now known to be flawed. A second experiment was equivocal, while the other two gave results that were – on the face of it – positive.


: The dairy industry impacts environmental health in various ways and the extent of the impact depends upon the knowledge and practices of dairy farmers. This research surveyed the knowledge and practices of the dairy farmers (n-300) towards environmental safety from five different agro-climatic zones of Punjab (India). Data were analyzed using SPSS software through descriptive statistics, Chi-square test of independence with Cramer's V value as measures of effect size. Analysis of variances, followed by Games Howell post hoc test was performed to analyze subgroup differences amongst explanatory variables. The majority of farmers (57.66%) had a low knowledge score on environmental safety. Majority of farmers did not know greenhouse gases emission (81%) from dairy animals/their excreta, the impact of dairy farming on climate change (86.67%), and were not treating farm effluents before discharging them into the environment (92.67%). Climate change (I) followed by air pollution (II), human-animal-environment interaction (III), water pollution (IV), and soil pollution(V) were the rank-wise factors reported to affect dairy farming. Further, socio-demographic and farm characteristics have a positive influence on the farmer's knowledge. The study warrants an extensive awareness campaign on scientific cum eco-friendly dairy farming with an emphasis on measures to reduce environmental pollution and an eco-health approach to bridge the knowledge hiatus.


A methodology was developed based on IP reuse, aimed at the design of integrated micro-systems. It was tested on a specific custom ASIP (application specific instruction processor) with good performance. IP occurrences are searched and identified inside the system specification code (C has been used for test), before any architectural or partitioning choice is done. Isolation criteria are their reusability, encapsulation and completeness, while their C++ models are deliberately kept as mutually nestable objects arranged in a number of hierarchical levels. Each such WARELET can be instantiated to full HW instance (like a black box), or full software procedure, or a mix. Every alternative choice gives an IP instance (IPI) whose reuse value is keyed in the IP model and in the parametric synthesis procedures attached to it not in a single specific implementation The collection of WARELET instances builds up the specific system instance. The design process is a "what-if": inside the code describing a (sub)system some selected warelets are attributed to a HW implementation. HW synthesis generates blocks that communicate within a pre-defined parametric architectural harness either as coprocessors or as execution units of the instruction set. A parallel stepwise co-synthesis is operated for SW code, re-targeting the microprogram control code and the SW algorithm to every new HW configuration. A profiling process gives performance figures to validate or change the choice. These system-level IPs offer innovative opportunities concerning the management of intellectual value within products and the commercial and industrial infrastructure.


Due to the introduction of stricter nutrient effluent standards, many existing wastewater treatment plants performing only primary or secondary treatment are about to be upgraded. As the space available at the plants is, however, often limited, processes are required which will accommodate the need for increased treatment capacity without requiring much more space. In the hydrolysis of primary or pre-precipitated sludge direct-degradable organic carbon is produced which can speed up the reaction rate and increase both biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal. Full-scale tests with dosing of hydrolysate for biological P and N removal, respectively, have shown that this is a most viable process. The use of on-line monitoring has improved the process further.


More than two decades after its birth, super-resolution microscopy continues to push the boundaries of what can be revealed with light.


Many gravity load designed (GLD) reinforced concrete (RC) structures located in seismic areas are in need of upgrade. As an alternative to traditional upgrade solutions, an innovative technique based on the use of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites was proposed and experimentally validated. The technique consists of strengthening reinforced concrete connections by means of the combined use of FRP laminates and FRP near surface mounted (NSM) bars. In parallel, a theoretical approach for the assessment of the connection capacity was developed based on the analysis of each component (i.e., column, beam and joint), in order to determine which component controls failure. The outcomes of the analysis were compared to the experimental results with considerations on the reliability of the approach and aspects slated for future investigations. The behavior of the FRP-confined column cross section was also analyzed and it is herein discussed based on recorded strains in internal steel bars and FRP jacket.


France is characterized by its assertive secularism and its strong separation of church and state. Its official policy of laїcité means that there is not as much potential for conflict between religion and science because they are kept so separate and public expressions of religion are suppressed. Because religion is overall absent from the public sphere, it is all the more obvious when it does come up; and thus Muslim women who wear headscarves feel increased discrimination within science because of this visible symbol of their faith. Because religion is kept out of the public sphere, and thus out of science, there seems to be little room for collaboration or dialogue.


Have you wished you could look at an ISSW Proceedings volume you missed? Is there an ISSW Proceedings article you wish you could look at or a particular subject for which you would like to see all the ISSW papers? There is now an online archive of all ISSW Proceedings built by the Montana State University Library Digital Collections and the ISSW Steering Committee. The digital archive, on a Montana State University server, is accessed through the ISSW Steering Committee site at www.issw.net or at http://arc.lib.montana.edu/snow-science. The Proceedings are searchable by keyword, author, or title. The archive contains abstracts and papers from 1976-2010. The idea for the digital archive was first presented to the ISSW Steering Committee in 2002. A permanent ISSW website was launched on the avalanche.org server in 2006 and digital versions of the 2002, 2004, and 2006 Proceedings and historical summaries were made available online. The name "International Snow Science Workshop" was Servicemarked in 2008. Work continued in 2008 and 2009 to find an organization to help transfer the Proceedings to digital format and create a database. Discussions between the Earth Sciences Department and the Montana State University Library regarding digital conversion and a physical location for the archive culminated in an agreement with ISSW in 2010. Donated time from numerous volunteers and funds from the American Avalanche Association, the Canadian Avalanche Association and the ISSW Steering Committee led to a completed archive in 2011 as well as commitments for online access to future Proceedings.


We investigate both the locus of ambiguity in the architecture of language and the origin of ambiguity in natural communication. We 1) locate ambiguity at the externalization branch of language, 2) provide a rigorous, general definition of ambiguity through the concept of logical irreversibility, quantifying the amount of ambiguity within the framework of Shannon's information theory, and 3) provide a proof of concept that the constraints acting over a natural code force ambiguity to emerge. Accordingly, the emergence of ambiguous codes is an unavoidable byproduct of efficient communication.


BACKGROUND: There is much interest in foods that belong to Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) because the quality and other essential and exclusive characteristics are guaranteed because of a particular geographical environment. We have used a capillary electrophoretic method for the simple, rapid and simultaneous characterization and quantification of the polyphenolic fraction of extra-virgin olive oil from different PDOs (18 compounds in less than 7 min). To demonstrate the usefulness of this method, we have analyzed 16 samples of a Spanish PDO and nine other samples belonging to an Italian PDO (n = 5).

RESULTS: In this way, it was possible to compare the phenolic profiles of the oils of different zones of the same PDO, as well as the phenolic profiles of Spanish and Italian extra-virgin olive oils. Univariate statistics were used for differentiating the oils produced in each PDO. Furthermore, the correlations among several of the phenolic compounds present in the extracts of olive oil and its sensorial properties were checked. decarboxylated oleuropein aglycon (DOA) (b) (peak 6) was the compound more related to the bitterness of the oils, Ac Pin (peak number 4) and the unidentified peak with tmig 4.025 min played an important role in the pungent taste of the oils, and these two latter compounds and the peak 13 seemed to be related to the fruitiness of the oils.

CONCLUSIONS: The electrophoretic method described in the current work has the ability to detect and quantify simultaneously 18 phenolic compounds (belonging to five different families) in less than 7 min. This technique could improve the characterization of this polar fraction and determine the geographical origin of olive oils or detect possible 'PDO markers'. In fact, capillary electrophoresis coupled to statistical analysis enabled discrimination among olive oils belonging to two different PDOs considering eight phenolic compounds present in the extracts, and also identification of the phenolic compounds which could have more influence on several sensory attributes such as bitterness, pungency and fruitiness. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry


(57) [Summary] A piezoelectric mechanism which can be depressed in a normal state, but which does not generate a spark unless the latch member is operated first and the hammer (28) is engaged with the piezoelectric device is disclosed. When the mechanism is compressed, the mallet (28) is released and impacts the piezoelectric device, thereby generating a spark and igniting the fuel gas.


The first edition of the International Workshop on the Large Scale Distributed Service-oriented Systems, LSDSS-2012 is dedicated to the dissemination and evaluation of original contributions to the algorithms, architectures, techniques, protocols, components related to the Large Scale Distributed Service-oriented Systems with special emphasis on Cloud, Web-based systems and pervasive computing systems. The purpose of the workshop is to provide an open forum for researchers from academia and industry to present, discuss, and exchange ideas, results, and expertise in the area of large scale distributed service-oriented systems. We received high quality papers from different universities. Each paper was reviewed by at least three referees and selected based on their originality, significance, correctness, relevance, and clarity of presentation.


Raissi: I think the most important thing is to determine whether the X-rays or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding is clinically relevant. I am sure we all gets multiple referrals with a positive finding and an MRI, but on further careful physical examination of the patient we realize that these findings are not relevant to their symptoms. So first things first, it is truly symptomatic. If there is any question, an intra-articular diagnostic injection can be of great benefit. If it is symptomatic, certain factors may determine the approach to treatment. These factors would include size, depth, location, and whether the articular surface is intact. In some cases a computed tomography (CT) scan can be beneficial in further determining the quality of the lesion. If the articular surface is disrupted, then typically arthroscopy with debridement is my first step in surgical treatment. If I am convinced that the articular surface is intact, then we consent the patient for possible retrograde drilling. I will rarely resort to primary allograft or chondrocyte transplant procedure unless the lesion is massive.


The purpose of the present quantitative, Pre-experimental investigation was to determine the effectiveness of the Nursing Ministry, on the level of knowledge of home care and stress level of the family caregiver of the postoperative cataract patient by phacoemulsification. The sample consisted of 34 family caregivers of patients operated on for cataract phacoemulsification randomly selected at the Victor Lazarte Echegaray Hospital during the months of March to April 2016. For the statistical analysis, the T-Student test was used for the related samples, with a level of significance of 5%. Results Before the application of the nursing advice to the relatives, the level of knowledge of post-operative cataract care of the family caregiver was low (11.76%), medium (41.18%) and high (47.06%). After the application, the level of knowledge of the family caregiver was medium (2.94%) and high (97.06%). With respect to family family stress level was severe (5.8%), moderate (61.76%) and low (32.35%). After counseling, the family member at the stress level was moderate (29.41%) and low (70.59%). Conclusion. Nursing counseling is effective in raising awareness and reducing the stress of the family caregiver.


DESCRIPTION SEROQUEL (quetiapine fumarate) is a psychotropic agent belonging to a chemical class, the dibenzothiazepine derivatives. The chemical designation is 2-[2-(4-dibenzo [b,f] [1,4]thiazepin-11-yl-1piperazinyl)ethoxy]-ethanol fumarate (2:1) (salt). It is present in tablets as the fumarate salt. All doses and tablet strengths are expressed as milligrams of base, not as fumarate salt. Its molecular formula is C42H50N6O4S2$C4H4O4 and it has a molecular weight of 883.11 (fumarate salt). The structural formula is:


This article aims to show how to mitigate the environmental impacts of the agricultural, livestock, industrial and oil sectors, the thermoelectric, hydroelectric and nuclear power plants, the road, rail, air, waterway, maritime and pipeline transport sector and of the cities.


A better understanding of spinal anatomy and the imaging appearences of infections and noninfectious mimics in patients with acute nontraumatic back pain can help facilitate accurate and timely ide...


Clinical Descriptions. About the Author. Preface. Acknowledgements. 1 Introduction. 2 SEED, Psychiatric Considerations. 3 Medical Aspects of SEED. 4 Social and Occupational Aspects of SEED. 5 Family Life with SEED. 6 Care Programming in SEED. 7 A Pilot Case Series Using Qualitative and Quantitative Methods: Biological, Psychological and Social Outcome in Severe and Enduring Eating Disorder (Anorexia Nervosa). 8 A Comparison between SEED and Chronic Schizophrenia. 9 99 Research Ideas. Glossary. References. Index


Theoretical researches argue that public expenditure have positive effect on economic growth.However,there is only afew researches on mechanism how the structure of public service affect regional development.The article presents and tests the hypothesis how structure of public service leads regional development.During constructing harmonious society,promoting the level of public expenditure,especially service expenditure,can facilitate regional development and reduce disparity in region.Panel data of China and northeast three provinces provides evidence in testing the hypothesis.In the end,the policy suggestion on conduct of northeast three provinces is offered.


The paper presents a series of exercises on GUI design, specific GUI components and analysis of GUI functionalities. It demonstrates the results of experimentation on the application of the FFF principle (principle of "Form Follows Function") in the fields of GUI design. We compiled these exercises with the aim of making our students comprehend and become conscious of the fact that the GUI design has its dimensions and that the choice of particular GUI components at the stage of GUI conception is entirely driven by the functional requirements of the system being designed.


On the basis of geometric consistency (GCI) of multiplicative preference relations and the transformation relation between multiplicative preference relations and fuzzy preference relation, inconsistency measure of fuzzy preference relation and the thresholds associated with it are studied. A new satisfactory consistency concept of fuzzy preference relation is defined. For a fuzzy preference relation, which does not possess satisfactory consistency, an improving consistency approach is provided. Then, programming models for estimating interval priority weights from fuzzy preference relations is established. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the validity and practicality of the proposed methods.


The structural microtubule-associated proteins, MAP2, MAP4 and tau,play an important role in the intracellular organization of microtubules by binding to microtubule. Recently, we revealed that MAP4 also could bind to actin filaments as MAP2, and the main actin-binding site was the C-terminal part of the Pro-rich region in microtubule-binding domain. In this study, we examined behavior of these structural MAPs when both actin filaments and microtubules coexisted in a sample. The results showed that MAP4 and MAP2 but not tau bound to actin filament retained microtubule binding abilities, and consequently induced actin filament-microtubule bundles. On the other hand, all MAPs bound to microtubules could not bind to actin filaments. with microtubules and followed by centrifugation, they were co-sedimented. By negative-stain electron microscopy, we observed that the structures of similar configurations to the radial spokes were attached to the microtubules. These suggest that the purified radial spoke contains microtubule binding subunits. the stator of Nanodisc reconstruction by E. coli polar lipid (EPL). we to the physical the structural properties using spectroscopy.


Bharath Kumar (  firstname.lastname@example.com ) Apollo Hospitals Chennai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1801-0667 Dilanthi Gamage Network for Improving Critical care Systems and Training Aasiyah Rashan Network for Improving Critical care Systems and Training Abi Beane Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit Ramesh Venkataraman Apollo Hospitals Chennai Nagarajan Ramakrishnan Apollo Hospitals Chennai Rashan Haniffa Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit


The focus of this study was a new adult pluripotent cell derived from human peripheral blood monocytes identified as a "programmable cell of monocytic origin" (PCMO). In contrast to bone marrow‐derived stem cells, these cells can be harvested from peripheral venous blood without aspiration of the bone marrow and have multilineage potential comparable to that of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of PCMOs to differentiate into collagen type II‐producing chondrocytes using various extrinsic cues (TGFβ‐1, IGF‐1, BMP‐2, and BMP‐7). Collagen type I and II proteins were localized using immunohistochemistry and quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The shape of the differentiating PCMOs was monitored with electron microscopy. Collagen type I and II messenger RNA expression was analyzed using real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) and regular RT PCR. Immunohistochemistry revealed a strong accumulation of collagen type II after a 6‐week incubation period with BMP‐2, BMP‐7, TGF‐β, IGF‐I, and TGF‐β, and IGF‐1. Collagen type I was only mildly induced by the applied stimulants. Electron microscopy findings showed a shift from a monocyte‐like structure to a chondrocyte‐like structure after 2 weeks of stimulation. Stimulation of PCMOs with BMP‐2, BMP‐7, TGF‐β, IGF‐I, and TGF‐β, and IGF‐1 induced a chondrogenic differentiation with continuous expression of collagen type II mRNA and protein over several weeks time. Collagen type I and II expression in undifferentiated PCMOs or in control cells incubated without any stimulant was not detected. PCMOs have the potential to differentiate into collagen type II synthesizing chondrocytes. The ability to reprogram and differentiate PCMOs from peripheral blood into sizable quantities might enable their clinical application in cartilage repair after mechanical injury or in cases of osteoarthritis. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 26:304–313, 2008


The article reviews particular qualities of modern offices and summarizes author's research work for the last 4 years. There has been singled out the principals of organization of office objects -space totality, housing different business activities. The office objects (OO) and workspace are consided to be an instrument for business efficiency. Consideration is given to the role of OO in urban development, growth of business and social connections, steady raising and realisation of potentials of innovative economy. The proposed principals could serve as a criterion for efficacy evaluation in office design and urban development of the environment


We report calculations designed to assess the ultimate precision of an atomic clock based on the 578 nm $6 ^1S_0 --> 6 ^3P^o_0$ transition in Yb atoms confined in an optical lattice trap. We find that this transition has a natural linewidth less than 10 mHz in the odd Yb isotopes, caused by hyperfine coupling. The shift in this transition due to the trapping light acting through the lowest order AC polarizability is found to become zero at the magic trap wavelength of about 752 nm. The effects of Rayleigh scattering, higher-order polarizabilities, vector polarizability, and hyperfine induced electronic magnetic moments can all be held below a mHz (about a part in 10^{18}), except in the case of the hyperpolarizability larger shifts due to nearly resonant terms cannot be ruled out without an accurate measurement of the magic wavelength.


I present the results of radiation‐driven mass‐loss predictions for hot stars of all masses. Mass loss is an important aspect for the evolution of massive stars, the rotational properties of the progenitors of gamma‐ray bursts, and is essential in assessing whether the most massive stars explode as pair‐instability supernovae, or avoid them due to mass loss. As a result, the rate of mass loss is critical for our understanding of the chemical enrichment of the Universe. Of particular interest is the question whether luminous blue variables are the direct progenitors of some supernovae. Although there is a growing body of evidence to suggest this, it remains as yet unexplained by state‐of‐the‐art stellar evolution models. Finally, I discuss the relevance of mass loss for the appearance and rotational properties of hot Horizontal Branch stars in globular clusters and subdwarf B stars in the field.


Optica} transfer properties of two-phpton-pumped Parametric image upconverter in the ・ case of plane wave pumping and of a thin nonlinear medium are analyzed in spatial frequency domain. A general solution of the differentia} equations of the lossless and low ei"ficiency image upconverter is derived assuming that the one-wave approximation in which only a sumfrequency wave is affected by the parametric interaction. This solution shows the optical transfer relation between the infrared and the sum-frequeRcy Fourier spectrum. Phase matc"ning properties of the device are coRsidered, and it is sho'wn that the transvers phase matching conditions were completely strictly satisfied in. the case of plane wave puming and in a diffraction-free nonlinear medium. The image upconverter can be characterized by the extension of optical transfer function (OTF), and if the medium is sufficiently thin, the OTF has the only phase factor from which the irnage formation is derived. The general equations of the image fermation of sum一一 frequency response with infrared input are derived using the inverse Fourier transformation.


From ecological and economic points of view, alternatives to conventional lubricants in metal forming are of great interest. The focus is on tools' surface functionalization by laser‐induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). These structures must be protected due to their loss when in direct tribological contact. So a laser‐ based process chain has been developed using pulsed and continuous laser processes to create dimples and retain the hydrophilic properties of the LIPSS, as contact angles of 14° prove.


Non-alignment is not a collective security system, nor was it meant to be one when the Non-aligned Movement was founded in 1961 at the Belgrade Conference. Yet, one of the main preoccupations of the conveners was indeed the security of their own countries. The movement has, also, consciously and with some effect, contributed to security in the world as a whole. Although its immediate impact on world affairs has greatly declined in the last few years, it is still significant. Non-alignment should therefore certainly be discussed in the context of security and peace. It will be our purpose to examine the direct role of non-alignment zion world security, as well as on the security of the participating countries themselves, during its ups and downs over the years. First however, we must make sure that we really understand what the movement stands for, and its


circular economy is a practical pattern of promoting sustainable development of economy and society.The pattern is "resources-product-renewable resources",which requires people utilize resources and protect environment effectively.In order to obtain the most social,economic and environmental benefits with the least cost,the enterprises and factories are required to drain the minimum letting-out,to recycle the waste materials and to do no harm to environment.The development of circular economy is essential for the pollution prevention,the environmental protection and the release of the conflict of resources restriction,and it's also important for putting forward the Scientific Development Concept and reacting to the new trade protection.Therefore,we can probe into some fundamental approaches for the development of circular economy from the point of view of the government and enterprise.


We live at a time when we're constantly asked to pick a side: Public or Charter, Trump or Clinton, Black Lives Matter or All Lives Matter. When thinking about the potential impact of teaching grit to students, it's easy to feel like one has to pick between teaching grit or sheltering students from the realities of adulthood. On the one hand, being able to demonstrate grit and resilience is an important component of adulthood. As such, it stands to reason that educators should spend time exposing students to opportunities for grit development. At the same time, it is important to recognize that grit is not always the best response when faced with a difficult undertaking. Quitting, dissenting, and seeking assistance may all be completely reasonable reactions to a challenging task. The conversation about whether grit should be taught in schools does not have to result in an either-or response–there is a radical middle ground that exists. That space is between teaching that every challenge can be overcome with the right amount of grit and the recognition that the obstacles students face may be the result of conditions that they cannot control. Choosing the middle, seeing the validity of both sides of an argument is a relatively radical notion. The goal of this piece is to encourage an embracing of the radical middle through a dialogue about the complexities of infusing character education, focused specifically on grit, into the curriculum.


ABSTRACT Two devastating cases of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis after keratoplasty as the result of transmission from the same donor were confirmed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Strategies for preventing donor-to-host transmission, such as the use of antimicrobial agents of greater efficacy and better methods for detecting microorganisms in preservation medium, could minimize this type of transmission.


The biological characters of leaf ornamental plant Aroid Palm (Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Loddi- ges) Engler)are introduced, and the necessary climatic conditions in Hainan Island and the requirements for growing this plant are described based on years of working experience in cultivation of the aroid palm. The characters of and methods for construction of two kinds of cultivation facilities as well as the production management skill for protected cultivation of the aroid palm are also described but briefly.


summary Introduction: The prognostic significance of the involvement of anatomical masticator space (MS) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was retrospectively reviewed. Material and methods: 1104 Patients with non-metastatic NPC treated with radical radiotherapy between 1998 and 2010 were re-staged according to the 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system; tumors with medial pterygoid muscle (MP) and/or lateral pterygoid muscle (LP) involvement but did not fulfill the criteria for T3 or T4 were staged as TX. The tumor volume data, dosi- metric data and survival endpoints of different T stage diseases were analyzed and compared to study the significance of MS involvement. Results: The overall MS involvement rate was 61.0%. The median volumes of the primary gross tumor vol- ume were 9.6 ml, 15.2 ml, 19.9 ml, 32.6 ml and 77.3 ml for T1, T2, TX, T3 and T4, respectively (p < 0.001). T1, T2 and TX tumors received higher minimum dose to the gross tumor volume and planning target vol- ume than T3 and T4. Multivariate analysis showed that age, gender, T-/N-classification and the use of chemotherapy were significant prognostic factors for various survival end-points. Patients with TX dis- ease had similar survival rates as with T1-T2; and had a significantly better 5-year overall survival rate (86.6% vs. 76.6%; p = 0.013) and a trend of higher 5-year distant failure-free survival rate (91.5% vs. 81.3%; p = 0.09) than patients with T3 disease. Conclusion: NPC with the involvement of MP and/or LP alone should be classified as T2 disease.


Very large amounts of groundwater enters the mine workings. The water must be removed if mining is to be continued. This water, coming as it does from a groundwater aquifer, may result in the water level of the aquifer decreasing and this may affect the supply of potable water in the surrounding area. It seems that there is a conflict between water supply and mine drainage. This research takes a mine area, Huaibei, China, as an example and focuses on that conflict. Based on a numerical simulation model of groundwater flow, our research analyzes the mine water drainage effect on groundwater level of a Quaternary porous aquifer and an Ordovician fractured karst aquifer. After three years of mining, the maximum additional drawdown of the fracture karst aquifer caused by the mine drainage is 0.33 m in the center of the mine area. In a well field located 10 km from the mine, the additional drawdown is only 0.03 m, accounting for only 0.5 percent of the allowable groundwater drawdown of 6.0 m. The additional groundwater drawdown of the overlying porous aquifer is no more than 0.012 m. These results demonstrate that the porous aquifer and the well field are not significantly influenced by mine dewatering. In other words, the residential water supply is essentially unaltered.


Purpose
This paper uses numerical methods to investigate the collision and skidding of rolling elements in a cageless ball bearing. This paper aims to analyse the effects of the rotational speed and number of rolling elements on the rolling element collision and skidding.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on Hertzian theory and tribological theory, the collision contact model of the rolling element was established. Based on the proposed model, the differential equations of motion of the two degrees of freedom rolling element were constructed. The fourth-order Adams algorithm solved the collision contact force between the rolling elements. The sliding velocity between the rolling element and the inner and outer races was calculated.

Findings
The collision frequency and slip of rolling elements can be reduced by increasing the rotational speed appropriately and reducing the number of rolling elements by one.

Originality/value
The developed model can reveal the collision and slip characteristics of the rolling elements for cageless bearings. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the design and manufacture of cageless ball bearings.


Aniline, phenol, and their derivatives are widely used in industrial chemicals that consequently have a high potential for environmental pollution. Genetic algorithm and partial least square (GA-PLS), kernel partial least square (GA-KPLS) and Levenberg-Marquardt artificial neural network (L-M ANN) techniques were used to investigate the correlation between chromatographic retention (log k) and descriptors for modelling the toxicity to fathead minnows of anilines and phenols. Descriptors of GA-PLS model were selected as inputs in L-M ANN model. The described model does not require experimental parameters and potentially provides useful prediction for log k of new compounds. Finally a model with a low prediction error and a good correlation coefficient was obtained by L-M ANN. The stability and prediction ability of L-M ANN model was validated using external test set techniques.


The relationship between motor vehicles owned and road traffic injuries during economic high-speed increasing period is researched in this paper.According to the statistic of motor vehicle owned and road traffic accident deaths in China,United States and Japan dur- ing their economic high-speed increasing period,Bi- variate is applied as the mathematical analysis of two variables, the correlation between road traffic injuries and the change of motor vehicles owned is acquired.


The photo-excited cation (pyrylium salt) sensitized oxidation of Leuco Crystal Violet occurs by a sequential electron, proton, and electron transfer process which is facilitated by molecular oxygen acting as an electron transfer species.


Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the direct infectious diseases caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis which can attack various organs, especially the lungs. Pulmonary TB can be transmitted through the air, the longer and nearer a person contacts with the source of transmission, the greater the chance of contracting it. This study aims to describe the factors that can influence the incidence of pulmonary TB in patients at Undata Hospital, Palu. This study used a cross-sectional study design to describe the factors that influence the incidence of pulmonary TB in 15 patients with pulmonary TB MDR (Multi-Drug Resistant). The results showed that patients who had the most pulmonary TB were male (53.3%), aged or more than 40 years (53.3%), high school education level (46.7%), damaged house condition (73.3%), and have smoking habits (53.3%). Patients of the male sex, old age, high school education level, damaged housing conditions, and smoking habits are the most common factors for MDR pulmonary TB patients


With the development of social media, increasingly more people express their feelings on social media (such as Twitter), which are a useful source of information e.g. for the airline companies which want to find out what causes negative sentiment about them and try to improve the communicated weaknesses. This paper aims to find out the variation in sentiment towards different airlines and check whether the Twitter perception of airlines reflects their "real" performances. The result suggests that Delta and Southwest airlines have a relatively good reputation, while US Airways has a bad reputation. By examining the reasons for negative sentiment, we find that Twitter ranking reflects the "real" ranking based on the Department of Transportation data closely for mishandled luggage and canceled flights, but considerably less closely for delayed flights. This demonstrates that Twitter can provide a good reflection of reality, but this is not always the case.


Choice for service users in social care and public services more generally in the UK has been promoted by all Westminster governments over the last thirty years. However, there has been insufficient reflection on how this impacts on service users and cit izens as a whole. When choice in social care is examined from economic, psychological and socio-poli tical perspectives, doubts arise as to the extent it has empowered ser vice users, promoted the rights of citizens and improved service delivery. Social care needs to be (re)constructed less as solely a market or civil right and more as a social right since markets can be ineffective in coordinating the production, distribution and governance of social care. In additi on, the promotion of choice in social care can have deleterious socio-political, ps ychological and economic consequences. The paper argues, therefore, that rather than concentr ating on choice, a more appropriate way forward in the provision of social care and in the m eeting of citizens' rights to care would be to conceptualise choice as a 'second order' concer n at most and, instead, to concentrate on establishing adequately funded, high quality universal social care services across the whole of the UK.


The roles of design and supervision units acted in quality control of building engineering are introduced as well as their duties in contract and responsibilities for defaults. The scope of responsibilities to compensate for the defaults of design and supervision units is pointed out.


This study aims to determine the practical social media marketing activities to grow the loyalty of football club fans in Indonesia. Furthermore, this study analyzes social media marketing activities and what characteristics in social media marketing activities that can significantly increase fan loyalty. The benefit of this research is to find an appropriate and effective model of social media marketing activity for a football club to maintain and even increase the loyalty of its fans to the club. This study uses a qualitative approach, where the data obtained from the questionnaire is then processed through multiple linear regression analysis, so it can be concluded that the influence of social media on the loyalty of football club fans. This study found that social media marketing activities consist of four characteristics: entertainment, engagement, trendiness, and customization have a positive influence on fan loyalty. In addition, it was also found that social media marketing activities with engagement characteristics were the activities with the most substantial positive influence on significantly increasing fan loyalty.


Relates to a process for producing a: (ASIC Application-Specific Integrated circuit), and a semiconductor integrated circuit applied this, the present invention relates to a semiconductor integrated circuit manufacturing method, and more particularly, an application specific semiconductor integrated circuit. The semiconductor integrated circuit manufacturing method according to the present invention is a process for producing a semiconductor integrated circuit in combination with at least one standardized function blocks and newly developed custom function block, the base block chip to implement the standardized function block the process of formation; Forming a separate block custom chip that implements the custom function block; And characterized by comprising the step of combining the base block and said chip custom chip block. The semiconductor integrated circuit according to the present invention as by implementing a cell based on the base block chip and the gate array method of the custom block chip separately, and combinations thereof, and the glass in the price aspect compared to a conventional platform ASIC, NRE (Non-Recurring Engeering) which has a reduced effect. ASIC, platform ASIC, gate array


Based on the analysis of meta-scene concept, this paper analyzed the needs and changes of digital scene setting from the perspective of the metaverse, and clarified its innovative development and future trends. Through the concept of metaverse, the development status of digital scene setting, the needs of future digital scene setting, technological innovation and prospect analysis, and the possibility and new challenges of virtual world were sorted out. Building the metaverse through digital scene setting can explore the innovative direction of future digital scene setting. The digital scene is set on the basis of the theory, aesthetics, methods and principles of the traditional scene, and the continuous innovation of digital technology can be widely used in various application environments, creating an opportunity for the rapid development of the metaverse concept.


Mielke, M, Housh, TJ, Malek, MH, Beck, TW, Hendrix, CR, Schmidt, RJ, and Johnson, GO. Estimated times to exhaustion at the PWC &OV0312;o2, PWCHRT, and VT. J Strength Cond Res 22(6): 2003-2010, 2008-The purpose of this study was to validate the Physical Working Capacity at the Heart Rate Threshold (PWCHRT) and Physical Working Capacity at the Oxygen Consumption Threshold (PWC &OV0312;o2) tests by 1) using individual power vs. duration relationships to estimate the times to exhaustion (ETTE) at the PWCHRT and PWC &OV0312;o2, and 2) comparing the power outputs and ETTE values of the PWCHRT and PWC &OV0312;o2 with those of the ventilatory threshold (VT). Ten adults (mean age ± SD = 23 ± 1 years) performed an incremental test to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer for the determination of &OV0312;o2peak and VT. The subjects also performed four randomly ordered workbouts to exhaustion at different power outputs (ranging from 98 to 246 W) to determine the PWC &OV0312;o2, PWCHRT, and power vs. duration relationship. Power curve analyses (y = axb) were used to define the hyperbolic power vs. duration relationship for each subject and to determine the ETTE at the PWC &OV0312;o2, PWCHRT, and VT. Two separate one-way repeated-measures analyses of variance indicated that there were significant differences among the fatigue thresholds (PWC &OV0312;o2 > PWCHRT) and ETTE values (PWCHRT > PWC &OV0312;o2): PWC &OV0312;o2 (mean ± SD = 147 ± 43 W; ETTE = 21 ± 3 minutes), PWCHRT (136 ± 37 W; ETTE = 29 ± 6 minutes), and VT (143 ± 44 W; ETTE = 27 ± 11 minutes). These findings were consistent with previous studies that indicated that the PWCHRT occurred at a lower power output than the PWC &OV0312;o2. Furthermore, the PWCHRT was maintained for a mean of 29 minutes, whereas the PWC &OV0312;o2 and VT were maintained for 21 and 27 minutes, respectively. These findings indicate that the ETTE values for the PWC &OV0312;o2 and PWCHRT were substantially less than those suggested in previous studies.


We read with interest the report by Melchiorre et al .[1][1] on the milder clinical parameters in hemophilia B as compared to hemophilia A.

The single most important factor which contributes to the severity of hemophilia is the nature of mutations. Even the phenotypically severe hemophilia cases


Objective To explore the diagnostic value of TRUST and TPPA in diagnosis of human syphilis and provide experimental theory for the clinical purpose.Methods TRUST and TPPA were used to detect 2 083 serum specimens(including 910 syphilis serum specimens).Results There were 773 positives were detected by TRUSTout of 910 syphilis serum specimens with a positive rates of 84.9 % and a specificity of 96.1%;while there 889 specimens were positive detected by TPPA with the sensitivity and specificity of 98.7 %,there were significant differences in the outcomes between TPPA reagent and TRUST reagent.The specificities and the sensitivities of TPPA were 99.6% and 98.7%;higher than that of TRUST(84.9% and 96.1%).Conclusion TPPA in combination with TRUST is valuable for detecting and diagnosing of human syphilis.


A {theta} term, which couples to topological charge, is added to the two-dimensional lattice CP{sup 3} model and U(1) gauge theory. Monte Carlo simulations are performed and compared to strong-coupling character expansions. In certain instances, a flattening behavior occurs in the free energy at sufficiently large {theta}, but the effect is an artifact of the simulation methods. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}


This paper presents a case study related to the electric and magnetic fields generated by an upgraded high voltage overhead transmission line in an urban environment. Consideration of risk perception recommends a previous analysis of electric and magnetic fields. A computational model based on charge simulation method to calculate electric field and Biot-Savart law to calculate magnetic field is outlined. Model validation is done by simulation and measuring of electric and magnetic fields on neighborhood of the existing transmission line prior upgrade. Results of simulation of electric and magnetic fields with the new transmission line configuration were assessed to verify compliance with exposure limits recommended by World Health Organization. Magnetic and electric fields were measured considering the new configuration of transmission line.


Streptomyces sp. strain V2 was isolated from potato scab lesions in the state of Sinaloa, Mexico, and appears to be responsible for outbreaks in the area. ABSTRACT Streptomyces sp. strain V2 was isolated from potato scab lesions in the state of Sinaloa, Mexico, and appears to be responsible for outbreaks in the area. The thaxtomin cluster was found in the ∼10.2-Mb genome; this cluster is associated with potato common scab disease in other potato pathogens.


The repair of DNA damage is vital to the health and survival of organisms and their cells. In humans, there exist several disorders that involve the inefficient processing or repair of DNA damage. Cellular sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents is a hallmark of repair-deficient S) ndromes which are often associated with an increased risk of cancer. In this work, I have investigated the repair of cisplatin-damaged DNA by utilizing host cell reactivation anc cellular capacity assays that assess DNA repair using adenovirus (Ad) as a probe. Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug that induces both intrastrand and interstrand crosslinks in DNA. The host cell reactivation (HCR) assay examines the abilit) of host cells to repair and hence, replicate cisplatin-damaged Ad DNA. This assay is believed to primarily be a measure of bulk nucleotide excision DNA repair. The cellular capacity assay examines the ability of cisplatin-damaged cells to support the replication of undamaged Ad DNA, and is thought to reflect the repair of the active cellular genes necessary for Ad replication. The repair of cisplatin-damaged DNA was studied in thm~ human genetic syndromes Roberts syndrome (RS), xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) c:.nd Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). Fanconi's anemia (FA) cells were also used as a contml strain. RS is characterized by growth retardation, limb reductions and craniofacial abnormalities. Cell; from a subset of RS patients, termed RS+, are hypersensitive to several DNA-damaging agents, and it has been suggested that this hypersensitivity may result from a deficiency in the DNA repair capacity of these cells. (XP patients are sensitive to ultra viol ;!t light and are prone to the development of skin cancers. Cells from these patients are deficient in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway responsible for repair of UV -induced lesions.) Patients with FA have a variety of congenital abnormalities, including a high susceptibility to leukemia. FA cells are sensitive to DNA crosslinking agents such as mitomycin C (MMC) and cisplatin. Using the HCR and cellular capacity as~.ays, deficiencies in DNA repair were detected in the XP and FA


In (2), Tutte has shown that the number, Bn , of rooted non-separable planar maps having n edges is [2(3n — 3)!]/[n! (2n — 1)!]. Rooting was accomplished by designating one edge as the root, orienting it, and distinguishing between its sides as left and right. We shall here compute the number, Bn,m , of rooted non-separable planar maps having n edges and such that the face to the left of the root is incident with exactly m edges, which maps will be said to be of type [n, m].


Taylor formula is used to analyze the precision of numerical method for initial problem of ordinary differential equation.Solutions to similar three problems was given respectively.The results strengthen the acquaintance of Taylor formula and its application in numerical method of ordinary differential equation.


Gay Power! A Study of Male Homosexuality and Identity Politics in the Swedish GayPress 1971–1986In this essay, the author examines the sexual policy ideas behind the Swedish gaymagazine Revolt in o ...


Reconstruction of changes in interannual variability through the Holocene period can provide valuable insight into the sensitivity of internal modes of variability (e.g. ENSO, PDO) to external forcing. Coral and bivalve records are widely used examine past changes in short-term variability, however, far fewer reconstructions exist in the terrestrial realm. Here, we use the SISAL (Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and AnaLysis) database to examine changes in the amplitude of interannual/short-term variability across the monsoon regions, recorded by speleothem δ18O standard deviation (δ18O s.d.). First, we identified and corrected for any confounding factors that may obscure interannual climate signals in the speleothem records, such as variable growth rate. We used a multiple linear regression model to constrain relationships between δ18O s.d. and growth rate and mean climate (represented by mean δ18O), then used these relationships to apply a correction. Second, corrected δ18O s.d. trends were combined into regional monsoon composites, representing changes in short-term variability across the Holocene. Trends are very similar between raw and corrected δ18O s.d., suggesting that confounding factors have a minimal effect. Trends differ amongst regions: the Indian monsoon shows gradually increasing δ18O s.d. through the Holocene, whilst the East Asian monsoon shows no significant changes through this period. The Indonesian-Australian monsoon shows higher than present δ18O s.d. during the mid- to early Holocene and the South American monsoon shows multi-centennial scale fluctuations between higher and lower δ18O s.d.


This paper applies the homotopy analysis method method to a nonlinear differential-difference equation arising in nanotechnology. Continuum hypothesis on nanoscales is invalid, and a differential-difference model is considered as an alternative approach to describing discontinued problems. Comparison of the approximate solution with the exact one reveals that the method is very effective. Keywords—homotopy analysis method, differential-difference, nanotechnology


The invention discloses a special weeding and insect killing composition for a peanut field and a preparation method thereof. The composition is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-30% of pendimethalin, 5-20% of imidacloprid, 2-15% of wetting dispersant, 0.5-8% of anti-freezing agent, 0.1-4% of anti-foaming agent, 0.1-4% of preservative, 0..05-3% of thickener and 16-82.25% of water. The composition disclosed by the invention makes full use of the characteristics of efficient weeding of pendimethalin and broad-spectrum insect killing of imidacloprid, has the advantages of high weeding activity and broad-spectrum insect killing, shows an excellent function of continuous insect killing and weeding, improves both quality and output of the peanut, and saves manpower and material resources, thereby being an ideal composition.


The antibacterial activity of the aqueous extracts of the leaves, fruits, and bark of Gmelina arborea against Escherichia coli was investigated in this study. Aqueous extraction was done, and three concentrations were prepared: 2.5 ml extract: 5 ml distilled H2O, 5.0 ml extract: 5 ml distilled H2O and 7.5 ml extract: 5 ml distilled H2O. Disk – diffusion method was used in the bioassay using E. coli after which, the filter paper discs were soaked separately in three concentrations of the Gmelina arborea extracts (bark, fruits, and leaves). The antibacterial activity was determined based on the zones of inhibition formed which was measured after 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours. The results showed that the highest average zone of inhibition (9.86 mm) was formed using the aqueous extracts of the fruits followed by the average zone of inhibition (8.45 mm) formed using the aqueous extracts of the bark and then that of the aqueous extracts of the leaves (7.44 mm). Thus, the aqueous extracts of the leaves, fruits, and bark of Gmelina arborea have antibacterial activity against E. coli antibacterial activity against E. coli.


The Green's function for multilayered media is expressed in terms of Sommerfeld integrals. The discrete complex image method is an appealing technique in handling such integrals. However, the results of the nonsymmetrical components lacks sufficient accuracy in the near-field region. This is due to the fact that these components have slowly varying spectral-domain behavior. In this work, the quasi-dynamic contribution is explicitly extracted. The remaining part has fast decaying behavior. The generalized pencil-of-function method is used to recast this part into a set of exponentials. Using a special identity, a closed-form expression is obtained that is valid in the near-field region. The method is demonstrated to yield accurate results for microstrip structures.


The theory of "the essence of socialism" proposed by Deng Xiao-ping has enriched and developed that of Marxism on socialism in that it, with the basic approch to liberating and developing productive forces, contributes to perfecting all - round human being and realizing common prosperity . Therefore, this theory is of great significance for guiding socialist constuction practice.


FUNCTION ANALYSIS IS BASIC TO A GOOD INFORMATION SYSTEM DIRECTED TOWARD THE OPERATIONS OF AN ENTIRE ORGANIZATION. SUCH AN ANALYSIS TENDS TO INDENTIFY DUPLICATION OF EFFORT, USE OF DIFFERENT NAMES AND CODES TO DESIGNATE THE SAME FUNCTIONAL ELEMENT OR PROJECT, AND FAILURE BOTH TO GET INFORMATION TO ALL UNITS REQUIRING IT AND TO EXCHANGE INFORMATION AMONG UNITS. AN INFORMATION SYSTEM SHOULD ADDITIONALLY PROVIDE FLEXIBILITY IN ASSESSING ALTERNATE PLANS. MANAGEMENT AT ALL LEVELS TEND TO BE WEDDED TO OUTMODED METHODS FOR DATA HANDLING AND NEED TO BE PERSUADED OF THE ADVANTAGES OF BETTER METHODS OF DISPLAY AND EXPLOITATION. TO A LARGE EXTENT THIS CAN BE PROMOTED THROUGH DEFINITION OF THE OBJECTIVES THAT THE INFORMATION SYSTEM IS TO SERVE.


A serious mortality of cultured loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus occurred in some farms in Donghai County, Jiangsu Province in October 2008. Syndrome included bleeding in head, opercula, lower jaw, fins, and fin bases, swollen muscle, anus, liver, and spleen, and empty intestines. Tissues were sampled from liver, bleed, and ascitic fluid of diseased fish, from which the pathogen were isolated, and the biological characteristics were examined, including characteristics in morphology, physiology, and biochemistry, as well as the activity of extracellulase and hemolysin. The 16S rRNA and gyrB were amplified by PCR, with which sequences deposited in databases were compared, and molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed. The result indicates high homogeneity between the isolates and Vibrio cholerae from GenBank database, showing that gyrB gene analysis is a more useful tool. The sequenced 16S rRNA gene of strain LD081008B-1 (GenBank accession No.GQ205447) is 1446bp in length, the sequenced gyrB gene of strain LD081008B-1 (GenBank accession No.GQ205452) is 1207bp in length. The isolates were identified as V. cholerae (Pacini 1854) in terms of phenotepic and molecular characteristics. Detection of the activity of extracellulase and hemolysin shows that the isolates could produced proteinase, diastase, lecithinase, gelatinase, and DNase, and exhibited β-haemolysis on agar plates containing 7% defibrinated rabbit blood. Drug resistance of isolates to 49 antimicrobial agents was detected. The results show that isolates were sensitive or highly sensitive to all agents, except for bacitracin.


ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY viii I. DISABILITY DEFINITIONS AND STATISTICS 1 1.1 THE ASCENDANCY OF THE ICIDH AND ICIDH-2 1 1.2 THE CURRENT STATUS OF DISABILITY STATISTICS 4 1.2.1 Population Size Estimates 4 1.2.2 Estimates of GDP Lost Due to Disability 5 1.2.3 Geographic Distribution 6 1.2.4 Disability and Age 7 1.2.5 Disability and Employment 7 II. THE EVOLUTION OF DISABILITY POLICY 9 2.1 CUSTODIAL CARE AND SPECIAL EDUCATION 9 2.2 EARLY EMPLOYMENT STRATEGIES 10 2.2.1 Quota and Quota Levy Systems 10 2.2.2 Vocational Training and Rehabilitation Strategies 11 2.2.3 Protected Employment and State Authorized Disabled-Run Enterprises ..12 2.3 ACCESSIBILITY POLICY 13 III. DISABILITY POLICY TODAY 15 3.1 UNITED NATIONS DISABILITY POLICY 15 3.2 EUROPEAN UNION DISABILITY POLICY 18 3.3 NATIONAL DISABILITY POLICIES 20 IV. CURRENT DISABILITY TRENDS AND ISSUES 24 4.1 EMPLOYMENT 26 4.2 EDUCATION 28 4.3 ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN 30 4.3.1 Universal Design 30 4.3.2 South African Case Studies 32 V. POLICY IMPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY 36 5.1 THE ROLE OF LARGE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 37 5.2 THE ROLE OF THE WORLD BANK 40 5.2.1 Changing Operational Practices 41 5.2.2 Lending Initiatives 42 5.2.3 Non-Lending Activities 43


A report describes analysis of space shuttle main engine (SSME) sensor data using Beacon-based Exception Analysis for Multimissions (BEAM) [NASA Tech Briefs articles, the two most relevant being Beacon-Based Exception Analysis for Multimissions (NPO- 20827), Vol. 26, No.9 (September 2002), page 32 and Integrated Formulation of Beacon-Based Exception Analysis for Multimissions (NPO- 21126), Vol. 27, No. 3 (March 2003), page 74] for automated detection of anomalies. A specific implementation of BEAM, using the Dynamical Invariant Anomaly Detector (DIAD), is used to find anomalies commonly encountered during SSME ground test firings. The DIAD detects anomalies by computing coefficients of an autoregressive model and comparing them to expected values extracted from previous training data. The DIAD was trained using nominal SSME test-firing data. DIAD detected all the major anomalies including blade failures, frozen sense lines, and deactivated sensors. The DIAD was particularly sensitive to anomalies caused by faulty sensors and unexpected transients. The system offers a way to reduce SSME analysis time and cost by automatically indicating specific time periods, signals, and features contributing to each anomaly. The software described here executes on a standard workstation and delivers analyses in seconds, a computing time comparable to or faster than the test duration itself, offering potential for real-time analysis.


This paper presents materials on the calculation of the cost-effectiveness of new methods for surgical treatment of different directions in medicine with the use of new tools with original design that are developed both in Ukraine and abroad. In addition, the author shares the results of the evaluation of economic calculations of surgical treatment in orthopedic trauma patients using his own technique and domestic tools of METOST system developed by the author. To confirm his proposals, the author used mathematical calculations and statistical data of the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine. These calculations of clinical implementation of fixation devices of METOST system enabled us to recommend them for widespread clinical use, and for the past 25 years they have dominated both on the domestic market of medical devices for osteosynthesis and abroad. During the capitalization of the country, and especially in the period of transition to insurance medicine, calculation of economic efficiency of introduction of new methods of treatment and calculation of treatment costs in general is a very important socio-economic factor. Using techniques described in this paper, it is possible to calculate the economic costs of treatment and cost-effectiveness of innovation in any field of medicine.


Saudi Arabia has recorded the highest Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infections globally. Nearly 2,000 cases have been recorded in Saudi Arabia, with a high mortality rate, since the outbreak in 2012. The source of the disease remains unclear, and it has been evident that MERS-CoV can spread through communicating, directly or indirectly, with humans or animals. In our study, we evaluated different machine learning models that can accurately predict the probability of a patient's recovery from MERS-CoV. The data was from the Saudi Ministry of Health's website corresponding to the years from 2015 to April 2018. A stacking-based ensemble learning has been built to increase the performance of individual models. In our study, we examined the following individual classifiers: naïve Bayes, support vector machine, logistic regression, k-nearest neighbour, Bayesian networks, J48, and random forest along with the proposed stacking-based model. The results show that, in most cases, simple machine learning techniques perform well when predicting recovery unlike predicting death cases. The proposed stacking-based ensemble learning method has shown improvement in the prediction of death cases while maintaining a good predictive power for recovery cases. The proposed technique, which is an ensemble learning method, performed best with 0.751 balanced accuracy and 0.750 G-Mean. Predicting the survivability of patients can help in decision-making on prevention and recovery of MERS-CoV.


This article discusses the topics of humanization of education, main directions of modernization of foreign language teaching in secondary schools, the introduction of the new generation standards and unified state examination and its impact on the students' foreign languages knowledge level, the use of modern technologies in the educational process.


The international beef market tends to be led by firms that internally control the most relevant nodes of the value chain to transform them into networks of value in which the consumer acquires a predominant role in the definition of the product offering. This article discusses global trends in production and consumption of beef in the first decade of the 21st century. The trends are explained by innovation in the business model of Latino businesses, subsequent to the outbreak of bovine encephalopathy spongiform (BSE), which caused crisis to American exports, in 2003. We identify changes and trends in the value network and get lessons in strategy in management of the agricultural sector. Using the case study methodology, the paper identifies and compares strategies of two companies in the market of beef and veal: the company that boasts world leadership (JBS- Friboi), and the company which leads the domestic market and Mexican exports (Su Karne).


The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between risk management practices and investment decisions in Bank of Kigali, Rwanda. This study adopted correlational research design. Descriptive statistics include those of the mean, standard deviation and frequency distribution while inferential statistics involves use of spearman's coefficient correlations. Linear regression was used where ANOVA was carried on each variable. The study found that there was a correlation between liquidity risk management, default risk management and market risk management with performance of the Banks. The study findings indicated that credit risk management (r=0.096, p<0.01), liquidity risk management (r=0.347, p<0.01), market risk management (r=0.506, p<0.01) and operational risk management (r=0.612, p<0.01) on financial performance. It however found that the Banks do not involve experts and consultants in market risk management thus recommendations were made for the Banks to revise their credit risk management policies, open up and share information with other players on market risk thus involve consultants more in their market risk management and to be more proactive than reactive in risk management. The study concluded that, risk management has a positive influence on the investment decisions and that risk monitoring can be used to make sure that risk management practices are in line with proper best practice risk monitoring policies which also helps bank management to discover exposures at early stages and make corrective actions. The study recommended that, Senior management should develop strategies, policies and practices to manage risk in accordance with the Banks risk tolerance and to ensure that the bank maintains sufficient liquidity risk cover.


The shoot borer was first noticed in the field from 1st fortnight of March and continued to 2nd fortnight of August. there was steady increase in the population of larvae during two months (April and May) after which it gradually decreased. the relationship between population of insect and weather parameters showed significant positive correlation with maximum temperature i.e., with increase in temperature population of insect also increased. The maximum incidence (9.32%) was recorded in the first fortnight of May and lowest (1.2%) in the second fortnight of August. the relative humidity and rainfall showed negative relationship with borer population.


In his delightful little book[l] Kenichiro Kashara introduced the Pseudo-Smarandache function. Delmition: For any n ~ 1, the value of the Pseudo-Smarandache function Zen) is the smallest integer m such that n evenly divides m L-k. k=l And it is well-known that the sum is equivalent to m(~+l). Having been defmed only recently, many of the properties of this function remain to be discovered. In this short paper, we will tentatively explore the connections between Zen) and a subset of the integers known as the palindromic numbers. Definition: A number is said to be a palindrome if it reads the same forwards and backwards. Examples of palindromes are 121,34566543, 1111111111 There are some palindromic numbers n such that Zen) is also palindromic. For example, In this paper, we will not consider the trivial cases of the single digit numbers. A simple computer program was used to search for values of n satisfying the above criteria The range of the search was, 10 ~ n ~ 10000. Of the 189 palindromic values of n within that range, 37, or slightly over 19%, satisfied the criteria. Furthennore it is sometimes possible to repeat the function again and get another palindrome. and once again, a computer program was run looking for values of n within the range


The aim of this paper is to compare different approaches to modeling of volatility in monetary transmission mechanism. For this purpose we built time-varying parameter VAR (TVP-VAR) model with stochastic volatility and VAR-DCC-GARCH model with conditional variance. The data from three European countries are included in the analysis: the Czech Republic, Germany and Slovakia. Results show that VAR-DCC-GARCH system captures higher volatility of observed variables but main trends and detected breaks are generally identical in both approaches.


This study aims to obtain information and discuss academic supervision as an effort to improve teacher performance in implementing the contextual teaching and learning (CTL) learning model at SDN 58/X Teluk Majelis. This research is school action research which consists of two cycles by following four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. This research was carried out at 58/X Teluk Majelis with the subject of 16 teachers consisting of class teachers and subject teachers which took place in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. Data were collected using observation sheets, field notes and documentation and analyzed using percentages and data reduction. The results show that academic supervision can improve teacher performance in implementing the contextual teaching and learning (CTL) learning model at SDN 58/X Teluk Majelis by giving rewards.


Device for mixing a bone cement material, a mixed body having a mixing chamber and the opening end portion, and configured lid to fit the open end, a means for mixing bone cement in the mixing chamber has a rod extending into the mixing chamber through the lid, the rod is provided with a means having a frangible portion, the lid has a first position covering the frangible portion of said rod, said frangible portion and a movable cap to a second position exposing the. .FIELD 1


Characterized by flares of intensely painful arthritis, gout is the most common type of inflammatory arthritis worldwide. National prevalence estimates approaching 4% translate to more than 9 million persons living with gout in the United States alone, with worldwide estimates reaching as high as 10% in some regions.1,2.


A 77-year-old man presented to the hospital with a 2-month history of dysphagia and cough. Dysphagia gradually progressed to liquids and was referred to be primarily pharyngeal. Weakness, weight loss (10 kg) and progressive dyspnea were also referred. Cough started 5 days earlier and was exacerbated by meals. On physical examination, he was cachectic, had severe halitosis with a room air oxygen saturation of 96% and diminished respiratory movements along with rales and crackles in right upper lobe. Thoracic computed tomography revealed bilateral "tree-inbud" pattern and multiple cavitations in upper right and left lobes. Ziehl-Neelsen stain was positive for acid-fast bacillus. Dysphagia persisted and an esophagography (barium swallow) was performed, starting minutes after, with cough, white foamy sputum, and acute respiratory failure. The esophagography films revealed a tracheoesophageal fistula (Figure 1) with radiopaque material inside the respiratory tract (Figure 2). He underwent orotracheal intubation and urgent bronchoscopy, but despite prompt treatment efforts, the patient rapidly progressed to an acute respiratory distress syndrome and shortly developed cardiac arrest, with no response to advanced resuscitation maneuvers. Aspiration of barium into the lungs is a recognized complication, occurring accidentally during upper gastrointestinal studies. Predisposing factors for aspiration are anatomical irregularities of pharynx and esophagus, diseases compromising the swallow mechanism, extremes of age, and alcoholism. Barium sulfate was thought to be relatively harmless in the airways, but this was based on the use of low-density suspensions, suggesting that the degree of pulmonary reaction may be proportional to the heterogeneity of the barium particles. However, complications have been reported with highor low-density formulations. A rapid diagnosis in the acute phase is made with a simple chest radiograph that characteristically shows striking airway opacities without a specific pattern. Treatment options are based on clinical experience and are mainly based on supportive measures. When a considerable amount of barium is aspirated, immediate bronchoscopy is recommended with the purpose of eliminating as much barium as possible. Bronchoalveolar lavage is contraindicated because it can expand barium distribution into the airway. The overall mortality rate associated is approximately 30% and exceeds 50% in patients with initial shock or apnea, secondary pneumonia or adult respiratory distress syndrome.


We have experimentally demonstrated the dynamic equalization of three WDM channels by using a polarization- independent passive wavelength demultiplexer, a parallel array of A0 modulators, and a dynamic feedback control circuit. This module actively equalizes the power differential from >10 dB to within 1 dB of three channels spanning a range of 8 am. This module can respond faster than 0.1 ;is. After 1000 km of trans- mission within a recirculating fiber loop, three channels remain equalized by the dynamic module. This module can accommodate small or large channel spacings commensurate with the different channels allowable into the wavelength demultiplexer. Index Terms-Acoustooptic devices, optical equalizers, optical fiber amplifiers, optical fiber communications.


He didn't die alone. My mother says she never left him, and at the end I was there—the elder son. She, my mother, prayed she'd find him dead every morning when she went in. But he wasn't. When I heard her talk like that I came. I knew it was different this time, from the small, flat pitch in her voice and because I was experienced. I had seen the signs of death before from other lives and had come to know its timing. So I knew and I came, quickly. My mother opened the door, briskly, as any nurse might do. It was what she had become. The bungalow was familiar, except that there was a faint but persistent smell of stale water, pills, and antiseptic. "He's in there, if you'd like to go in and see him," she said. I thought he must be lying dead already. At first I took the signs of his final illness as something other. He looked neglected. His face and hair were disheveled, and I noticed that it was one of the few times I had seen him unshaved. The contrast between his own disorder and the tidy landmarks of the bedroom (hers, not his) surprised me. Afterwards my mother said he had started crying when he heard me come into the house. I had only heard him cry once before, one night when he was drunk and his marriage was in extremis. Then the tears had been showy; now there was the intermittent sobbing of an old man, his body huddled up on the bed with his face turned to the wall.


Background: To know the antibodies seroprevalence against hepatitis C virus (HCV), as well as other factors associated to these antibodies presente in a group of intravenous drug users (IVDU) in Baleares. To know what screening test would be the most adecuate to detect antibodies against HCV in this group.
Methods: The presente of HCV antibodies in serum was determined in 110 IVDU patients, admitted to hospital during 1990 in a unit of opium detoxibying, by techniques ezimoinmunotesting (ELISA) and inmunoblotting (RIBA); the drug abuse history as well as serologies against human inmunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV) and syphilis.
Results: The seroprevalence found by techniques ELISA is 71% and 95% respectively for the tests of first and second generation; using the method RIBA the seroprevalence is 86%. The HIV seroprevalence was 36% and a 53% were anti-HBs positive. No significative differences were found between the positive and negative anti HCV in relation with drug use variables: as first year of consumption and time of adiction, nor with the presente of HIV and HBV markers.
Conclusions: The HCV seroprevalence among IVDU of the sample studied is similar to those described for this risk group by other authors in other zones. Such infection is not statistically associated with other variables of the drug abuse history nor with the tiection by HBV and HIV Despite the discordantes of the HCV seroprevalence with the three test used in the study, the technique ELISA of second generation could be the ideal method of screening of antibodies against the HCV in this risk group.


This paper introduces 'POSTURA' and 'POSITIVO' as two alternatives for an adaptation of the 'PRACTICE' psychological model that is used within cognitive behavioural coaching and therapy. It is part of an interna- tional collaborative project aimed at establishing and developing coaching psychology in Brazil. PRACTICE is an important tool for helping coachees achieve their goals using a problem-solving and solution-focused framework.


A heavy rainfall happened during November 8th to 11th in 2005 in Jiangxi province is analyzed with synoptic charts,physical variables of T213 and some daily observational data.The main influencing systems and circulation situations are also discussed.The results indicate that,the subtropical high pressure being located properly,"double blocking" in mid-high latitude,trough at the Bay of Bengal,the extremely strong subtropical high pressure and the cold vortex in northeast China led to the unusual continuous heavy rainfall.The main direct influencing systems come from the upper trough,southwest current,low-level shear line,and the inverse trough and stationary front on the ground.And the heavy rainfall region was at the north of stationary front and the northern region of jet stream with the largest wind speed.By comparing,we can find that the thermal and vapor condition is weaker,but the dynamic condition is stronger than those of flood season.


Depth-sensing indentation was applied to three-dimensionally ordered silica foams of two different pore diameters—500 nm and 850 nm—formed by colloidal crystal templating. The contact responses of indentations with Berkovich and hemispherical indentation tips are presented over a load range of 1 mN to 100 mN. Scanning electron microscopy images of residual indentation impressions showed homogeneous deformation for small loads in which the peak displacement was shallow relative to the film–substrate interface. The characteristics of the load–displacement responses changed from periodic discontinuities, associated with cell wall fracture and pore collapse, to smooth and increased stiffness, as a result of densification due to the accumulation of material under the indentation tip and proximity (and contact) of the substrate. Load–displacement responses were translated into pressure–volume space, in which the average pressure during indentation is a measure of the crushing pressure of the cell walls.