The implementation of hard real-time systems involves a lot of steps that are traditionally manual. The growing complexity of such systems and hardware platforms on which they are executed makes increasingly difficult to ensure the correctness of those steps, in particular for the timing properties of the system on multi-core platform. This leads to the need for automation of the whole implementation process. In this thesis, we provide a method for automatic parallel implementation of real-time systems. The method bridge the gap between real-time systems implementation and compilation by integrating parallelization, scheduling, memory allocation, and code generation around a precise timing model and analysis that rely on strong hypothesis on the execution platform and the form of the generated code. The thesis also provides an implementation model for dataflow multithreaded software. Using the same formal ground as the first contribution, the dataflow synchronous formalisms, the model represents multithreaded implementations in a Lustre-like language extended with mapping annotations. This model allows formal reasoning on the correctness of all the mapping decisions used to build the implementation. We propose an approach toward the proof of correctness of the functionality of the implementation with respect to the functional specifications.


The reliability and security of large electric network and the corresponding electricity markets are the most important consideration for every country in the world.Reasons of Crisis in California,"8.14" large scope blackout in US and Canada,and "11.4" large scope blackout in Europe are explained technically and economically.The reliability and security of Fujian power system interconnected with adjacent power systems and the corresponding electricity markets are explored,and suggestions are put forward about abundance of generation,transmission,distribution capacity,connecting mode,electricity research,electricity price risk,market regulation,security operation,and so on.


A PDP-1 computer was donated (by the Digital Equipment Corporation) to the Electrical Engineering Department of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in late 1961. In May, 1963 the first time-sharing system was operational. Since 1963 this PDP-1 has undergone substantial modifications (c.f. Appendix). Presently the machine has twelve thousand words (18-bit) of five microsecond memory arranged in pages of four thousand words. One of these pages is reserved for the system code and is protected from user references.


We describe a complete volume limited sample of nearby active galaxies selected by their 14–195 keV luminosity, and outline its rationale for studying the mechanisms regulating gas inflow and outflow. We also describe a complementary sample of inactive galaxies, selected to match the host galaxy properties. The active sample appears to have no bias in terms of active galactic nucleus (AGN) type, the only difference being the neutral absorbing column, which is two orders of magnitude greater for the Seyfert 2s. In the luminosity range spanned by the sample, log L 14 − 195 keV [ erg s − 1 ] = 42.4 ?> –43.7, the optically obscured and X-ray absorbed fractions are 50%–65%. The similarity of these fractions to more distant spectroscopic AGN samples, although over a limited luminosity range, suggests that the torus does not strongly evolve with redshift. Our sample confirms that X-ray unabsorbed Seyfert 2s are rare, comprising not more than a few percent of the Seyfert 2 population. At higher luminosities, the optically obscured fraction decreases (as expected for the increasing dust sublimation radius), but the X-ray absorbed fraction changes little. We argue that the cold X-ray absorption in these Seyfert 1s can be accounted for by neutral gas in clouds that also contribute to the broad-line region (BLR) emission, and suggest that a geometrically thick neutral gas torus co-exists with the BLR and bridges the gap to the dusty torus.


In structure this industry is like any other. It has its manufacturers, jobbers and retailers, called, respectively, producers, distributors and exhibitors. Advertising and selling are important functions. Altogether it has all the economic law and order of the industries of staple products. To-day, upwards of 7,000,000 persons attend daily the motion picture theatres of the United States. This would indicate an appeal to at least fifty per cent of the population. With many families the expenditure for motion pictures is a considerable, if unknown, part of the yearly budget. The fact is that the motion picture has become quite generally a necessity, though paid for somewhat loosely, like a luxury. The average price of picture theatre admissions is around twenty-eight cents. We can figure, then, on a daily box-office intake in this country of $2,000,000. Taking into consideration those states and localities where theatres are closed on Sundays, we can figure a yearly total for the picture theatre box office of approximately $650,000,000. This is for the United States and Canada only. The total daily receipts of motion picture theatres throughout the world exceed a billion dollars a year. The American producer supplies upwards of eighty-five per cent of the pictures shown in the theatres of all foreign countries. This is the one American manufacturing industry which takes precedence to such an extent in foreign trade. We will treat of the foreign field a little later. In the meantime, we can but visualize the structure of the industry by considering separately its three branches-production, distribution and exhibition-or manufactur-


Man-made fracture systems caused by hydraulic fracturing is an essential way to improve the success of reservoir stimulation for hydrocarbon production. However, direct observation of reservoir stimulated regions including induced fractures has been difficult. This paper proposed a 2D high-speed imaging scheme for hydraulic fracturing test in the plane strain and in-situ stress conditions. Five bedding angles were taken account to understand the effects of shale anisotropy on hydraulic fracture propagation. The dynamic propagation behaviors and their trajectories were recorded by high-speed camera in 240 Hz. Results indicate the fracture initiation angle is correlated to the shale bedding angle. The fracture initiated along the prefabricated fracture line when β= 30° and 90°. On the contrary, when β= 45°, 60° and 75°, the fracture deviated from the original fracture line and propagated along the bedding direction after initiation of the prefabricated fracture tip, and the induced fracture becomes more likely to divert into the shale bedding direction as the bedding angle becomes larger.


Two-dimensional seismic and gravity modellings were applied to the contact of the Dinarides and the Pannonian basin as a relation between the Adriatic microplate and Pannonian segment, as a contribution to solving structural and tectonic relations. The basic exploration was carried out on the profile Alp07, which was a part of the ALP 2002 experiment (Bruckl et al., 2003). This profile stretches in Croatia from Istra to the Drava River at Hungarian-Croatian border in a WSW–ENE direction. Two-dimensional seismic modelling was carried out using tomographic inversion and ray tracing technique. The Moho depth is the greatest in the area of the Dinarides, reaching about 40 km, and is shallowest (30 to 20 km) in the Pannonian basin. In order to obtain additional constraints on the crustal structure, 2-D gravity modelling was also performed. The layer boundaries were retained from the seismic model and varying of densities in the model produced a good fit to the data. A geological model was constructed based on both geophysical models (Sumanovac et al., 2009). Three types of the crust were found along the profile: the Dinaridic and the Pannonian crusts that are separated by a relatively wide Transition zone. The Dinaridic upper crust is characterised by low seismic velocities and densities, but its lower crust has high velocities and densities. The Pannonian crust can be seen as unique layer characterised by both low seismic velocities and densities. Large lateral and vertical changes in densities and seismic velocities can be found in the Transition zone. Gravity modelling on the Alp07 profile enabled a definition of calibrated rock densities that were applied on other profiles set up in the study area, generally covering the area of Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina, for the purpose of determining the structural relations. This significantly improved the resolution of gravity modelling, as well. The structural units determined on the Alp07 profile (Pannonian crust, Transition zone and Dinaridic crust) can be easily followed on all other profiles. Transition zone is very wide and covers the major part of the SW part of the Pannonian basin. It can be concluded that it corresponds with the ophiolite zones in more recent tectonic maps. The Tisia block can be compared with the Pannonian crust, whereas the Dinaridic crust would relate to the structural units of the Dinarides. However, the NE boundary of the Transition zone is located much further north than the boundary of the Tisia block in published tectonic maps. Due to a marked 2-D structure, the obtained results enabled the development of a 3-D structural map of the Mohorovicic discontinuity. The main fault in the upper mantle, which was defined on the basis of geometrical relations and a 3-D presentation of the interface, indicates a subduction of the Adriatic microplate beneath the Pannonian segment in the NE wing of the Dinarides.


Continuous biomass deeply dewatering and carbonizing process and apparatus are disclosed. The technological process includes the steps of deeply dewatering biomass to separate out water at 120-160 deg.c with external heat source, and carbonizing biomass at 300-500 deg.c to obtain biomass charcoal and pyrolytic fuel gas. The apparatus includes one drier and one carbonizing unit with material inlet connected to the outlet of the drier and sandwiched heat exchange cavity connected to that of the drier. Inside the carbonizing unit, there is also one gas assistant jetting device for controlling the reaction temperature in the carbonizing process. The present invention has high heat efficiency, high heat value of the pyrolytic gas and high biomass charcoal yield.


The Philippines is in the Southeast Asia portion of the Pacific Ring of Fire (Figure 1) in which 90% of the worlds earthquakes occur. Consequently, this tropical country is frequently subjected to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and typhoons, which endanger lives and have the potential to inflict major damage on its infrastructure. To minimize the effect of these natural hazards, the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology uses four methods to study the stability of infrastructure with respect to the geological characteristics of its location. One method is to analyze microtremors or ambient vibrations, defined as natural vibrations of the ground resulting from transient geological phenomena and human activities (e.g., construction and blasting).


The important role on maintenance of stability of indicators of process of feed of fuel of diesel engines is played by a technical condition of piston couple. Comparative results of experimental tests of piston couple are resulted, the substantiation of a dynamic method is given.


The effects of carbon nanotube (CNT) chirality, Stone–Wales (SW) defects and defect orientation on the radial collapse and elasticity of single-walled CNTs (SWNTs) were investigated using molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. It is found that the collapse pressure (Pc) of the armchair SWNT is 13.75 times higher than that of the zigzag SWNT. Moreover, the armchair SWNT with SW defects is easier to collapse compared to the intrinsic armchair SWNT, while the zigzag SWNT with SW defects is more difficult to collapse compared to the intrinsic zigzag SWNT; the SW2 defect makes Pc of SWNT (10, 10) decrease by 11.0%, while the SW4 defect makes Pc of SWNT (17, 0) increase by 100.0%. We introduce a model for SWNTs deformed in the radial direction according to the projection of the C–C bond along the bending direction. The model is validated for defect-free SWNTs and is then used to study the radial collapse of SWNTs with SW defects. The effect of chirality and SW defect on the radial collapse of SWNTs can be understood by the model. The strong sensitivity of radial collapse of SWNTs to chirality and SW defect can provide some guidance for high load structural applications of SWNTs.


The Q R S configuration is a representation of the pattern of overall ventricular activation. For many years, it was assumed that the configuration of the QRS could identify the site of ventricular impulse formation. This assumption was based on the hypothesis that impulse formation from specific sites in the ventricle would result in characteristic patterns of ventricular activation and, as a consequence, specific QRS morphologies. However, the Q R S morphology of spontaneous ventricular tachycardia (VT) or pacing from multiple ventricular sites is markedly influenced by factors that affect the pattern of ventricular activation, such as the speed and direction of muscle to muscle conduction, participation of the His-Purkinje system in transmitting electrical activity to other areas of the heart, and sites of inexcitable scar tissue. It is, therefore, not surprising that the accuracy of the electrocardiogram in specifically diagnosing the site of origin is limited since most patients with these arrhythmias have cardiac disease which alters these factors. Over the past 15 years, we have developed endocardial catheter mapping and intraoperative epicardial and endocardial mapping of VT to identify sites of origin in order to develop surgical techniques to ablate these arrhythmia^.'-^ The ability to identify "sites of origin" has allowed us to compare the results of mapping to the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) of these tachycardias in order to develop algorithms to identify the site of origin of the tachycardia. Preliminary studies performed nearly a decade ago in our laboratory demonstrated that for certain VT morphologies, a reasonable approximation of the site of origin of VTs could be made based on the analysis of the 12-lead ECG.6-8 We have subsequently extended these observations and have provided electrocardiographic algorithms by which one can identify the site of origin of VT to within 10 cm2 of the earliest site of ventricular activity recorded during catheter and/or intraoperative mapping.' The purpose of the present report is to shed light on the use and limitation of the 12-lead ECG in identifying the site of origin by analysis of epicardial and endocardial mapping data.


The ultraviolet lines at 3511 and 3638 A from an argon ion laser have been mode locked using an intracavity acousto‐optic modulator. Pulses of 0.2 nsec and 10‐mW average power have been obtained. Pulses of 0.17 nsec and 750‐mW average power at the strong 5145‐A line are obtained in the same laser. These time durations and direct spectral observation demonstrate a larger bandwidth in the argon ion laser than previously reported.


Using sequential sandstorm data in recent 50 a at the east part of northwest China,and the NCEP/NCAR global monthly average reanalyzed data at the same period,the yearly variation of sandstorm occurrence frequency at the east part of Northwest China was studied,especially the large scale circulation evolvement and diversity characteristics at the sandstorm transition period(in which the sandstorm occurrence frequency has an evolvement from more to less or from less to more) was revealed.The result indicated that the sandstorm occurrence frequency at the east part of northwest China has an remarkable transition in middle 1980s,the downtrend of sandstorm occurrence frequency passed the degree of confidence test of 0.01;in late 1990s,the sandstorm occurrence frequency increased remarkably,but it did not pass the degree of confidence test;at the transition period sandstorm occurrence times decreased gradually,the intensity of cold air by Ural Mountain and Lake Balkhash put up a downtrend,and the subtractive temperature anomaly decreased,the zonal wind weakened,the meridional wind strengthened.Meanwhile,the high pressure ridge from Baikal Lake area to the east part of northwest China was enhanced,plus temperature anomaly increased,the zonal wind weakened remarkably and the meridional wind strengthened gradually;the large scale circulation at Ural Mountain and the area from Baikal Lake to the east part of northwest China is discrepant remarkably between the two kinds of sandstorm transition periods.


The lateral pressures exerted by a granular material on the cylindrical walls of a bin are expressed by Janssen''s formula. The pressures during filling vary greatly with filling rates because of impact loads. On the other hand, the pressures during -mass flow are larger than those during filling and are independent of Sow rates. The flow properties of granular materials are determined in a mass flow state using a small-scale model bin. These values are applicable to estimate the lateral pressures in a full-sized silo.


Based on the background of Hunan Railway Professional Technology College, the feature of Campus Network and the VLAN technology, it was researched the application of VLAN in this thesis according to the safe demands of the Campus Network.


Acute antibody-mediated rejection is the major cause of graft failure in the early stage of kidney transplantation. Preoperative treatment and early diagnosis of acute rejection is very important to prevent graft loss in sensitized patients. High panel reactive antibody (PRA) means a likelihood of acute rejection, and the recipient of high PRA needs adequate pretreatment for kidney transplantation. However, there is not sufficient time and chances for desensitization in deceased kidney transplants. We report a successful renal transplant outcome in a 47-year-old-woman with high PRA levels (Class I 97.5%, Class II 36.7%). The cross match was negative on the CDC (ELISA) and flowcytometric methods. Plasma exchange was performed on the recipient before transplantation (fresh frozen plasma replacement, 1.3 plasma volume) and immediately after plasma exchange she was given 200 mg of rituximab. She received basiliximab and methyl prednisolone induction therapy and was maintained on steroids, mycophenolate mofetil, and tacrolimus. Graft function was normal immediately after transplantation, but decreased urinary output and elevated serum creatinine was noted on POD 5. On POD 6, a graft biopsy revealed acute cellular rejection (Type IIa) and antibody-mediated rejection (Type II). On 9∼13 days after transplantation, additional plasma exchange was performed every other day, and steroid pulse therapy was performed 3 times. After normalization of urinary output and serum creatinine, the patient was discharged and is being followed up on. In conclusion, immunologically careful preparation and pretransplant treatment may be needed on the negative cross match in cadaveric kidney recipients with high levels of PRA.


Clinocottus analis, a common tidepool cottid fish occurring in the marine intertidal zone in central and southern California, readily tolerated exposure to air for up to 24 h. Like species of amphibious marine fish, its rate of O₂ consumption during air exposure was not different from that when in water, even after 24 h in air. Aerobic metabolism was suficient to meet resting metabolic needs, as shown by the absence of an increase in aquatic O₂ consumption rate following air exposure and the lack of accumulation of lactate as a result of 6 h of aerial exposure. Aerial release of CO₂ was high, and aerial respiratory exchange ratio (CO₂ released/O₂ consumed) was 0.82, suggesting that respiratory acidosis should not occur during air exposure. These results indicate that C. analis, although it may be emerged only rarely during low tides in nature, is able to respire in air.


This paper intends to detail the problem of cork taint in cork stoppers, which is one of the most sensitive points in the worldwide cork and wine industry today. Based on the characterization of this problem we present a compilation of the main methods for the elimination/reduction of cork taint since its detection in the 1980's. This work is a result of exhaustive bibliographical research in different databases (articles and patents), as well as knowledge gathered from the companies involved in the reality of this problem. This article intends to divulge the practical studies on the elimination/reduction of cork taint in the cork stoppers, its evolution in time, as well as the last references made to this problem. This could be a very important contribution towards the elimination/reduction of the cited problem. .


The invention discloses a melt direct spinning preparation method of nylon 56 short fibers. The method includes steps: (1) allowing reaction of bio-based pentamethylene diamine and adipic acid in water under nitrogen protection to obtain a nylon 56 salt solution; (2) adding the nylon 56 salt solution and a molecular weight regulator into a reactor, and keeping the pressure under the condition that the temperature is 210-240 DEG C and the pressure is 1.7-1.85MPa; releasing the internal pressure of the reactor, and heating to 280-290 DEG C; vacuumizing and stirring to obtain nylon 56 polymer melt; (3) feeding the nylon 56 polymer melt into a spinning manifold; subjecting the nylon 56 polymer melt to spinning through a spinneret, cooling, leading to a winding machine to realize finishing and conditioning, and sequentially performing drafting, crimping, finishing, relaxed heat setting and cutting to obtain the nylon 56 short fibers. The melt direct spinning preparation method has advantages of short process, high efficiency and product stability and provides guidance for industrial direct spinning of bio-based nylon and nylon polymers.


Informatics Engineering Study Program applies curriculum which obligates the students of semester 4 to choose a concentration based on their interest. The head of Informatics Engineering Study Program is sometimes rather difficult to provide class for students because the class provided is usually less or more. The problem faced by the study program about class and lecturer is related to the students who have difficulty to determine concentration which will be chosen. This research aimed at designing interface of prediction in selecting concentration at Informatics Engineering Study Program by using trend moment. The method used consisted of data collection (literature study, interview), decision taking method of trend moment. System developing method used was by following the framework of System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), where one of the framework of SDLC is waterfall method (system planning, analysis, design and implementation). Many previous researches used title about designing structure and implementation of selecting concentration by using different methods. But in this research, the researcher proposed the title of which result merely focused till step of Interface design using Trend Moment.


The phenomenon of weight cycling presents dietitians with a dilemma—might attempts to treat obesity sometimes do more harm than good by promoting weight cycling? This paper briefly examines the evidence for the possible harmful effects of weight cycling, and presents a case study to illustrate how dietitians can identify weight cycling, give it appropriate consideration as a factor in deciding on treatment, and help break the pattern.


Based on themodynamics analysis, it is pointed out that the chemical reaction in Fe Ti B C melt can occur to form TiB 2 and TiC. TiB 2 and TiC are matchable in themodynamics stability. The results show that the 〔TiB 2(p) +TiC p〕/Fe composite can be fabricated by the reaction of Fe Ti B C melt. TiB 2 and TiC particles distribute in α Fe homogeneously and the mean diameter of TiB 2 is larger than that of TiC .


"Exchange rate policy" can mean different things to different people even something as relatively minor as intervention tactics in a floating currency. However, in this paper I understand it to mean something more fundamental, that is, the kind of regime or framework that is judged appropriate for a country's currency. And the issue on the table is: What kind of exchange rate regime best suits Canada?


Based on reynolds stress model(RSM),the gas flow pattern and efficiency and its varieties have been discussed when gas exit tube was incline.Comparing with normal situation,varieties were found when gas exit tube inclines towards different orientations with different angle.Under specific conditions,the augment of tube incline upgrade the efficiency of separation,but the overall trend is downward.Tube incline also has different impact on powders of different diameter.The smaller the powder is,the greater the influence is.


A fractional-order Lotka-volterra predator-prey model was considered in this study.By use of homotopy analysis method,the approximate solution for the model was obtained.The result shows that the method is reasonable and practical which can simplify the complex processing of finding the model's solution.Therefore,this paper may be extended the application range of the homotopy analysis method.


Brittle solids are often toughened by adding a second-phase material. This practice often results in composites with material heterogeneities on the meso scale: large compared to the scale of the process zone but small compared to that of the application. The specific configuration (both geometrical and mechanical) of this mesoscale heterogeneity is generally recognized as important in determining crack propagation and, subsequently, the (effective) toughness of the composite. Here, we systematically investigate how dynamic crack propagation is affected by mesoscale heterogeneities taking the form of an array of inclusions. Using a variational phase-field approach, we compute the apparent crack speed and fracture energy dissipation rate to compare crack propagation under Mode-I loading across different configurations of these inclusions. If fixing the volume fraction of inclusions, matching the inclusion size to the K-dominance zone size gives rise to the best toughening outcome. Conversely, if varying the volume fraction of inclusions, a lower volume fraction configuration can lead to a better toughening outcome if and only if the inclusion size approaches from above the size of the K-dominance zone. Since the size of the K-dominance zone can be estimated \textit{a priori} given an understanding of the application scenario and material availability, we can, in principle, exploit this estimation to design a material's mesoscale heterogeneity that optimally balances the tradeoff between strength and toughness. This paves the way for realizing functional (meta-)materials against crack propagation in extreme environments.


The inclusion of women as research participants has been promoted in order to fill gaps in the knowledge about health and disease. Despite this, the inclusion of pregnant women as research participants is surrounded by concern about the maternal-fetal side effects. Although there are fears about the inclusion of pregnant women in the study of new drugs and invasive procedures, it is fundamental to recognize that excluding pregnant women is also harmful. Systematic exclusion can place fetuses at risk due to a lack of applicable knowledge, impairing knowledge of the maternal and fetal side effects of a particular drug or intervention. Pregnant women should not be considered vulnerable simply because they are pregnant, and there is a duty to support research aimed to acquire relevant knowledge of this specific population. It is necessary to promote the ethical and responsible inclusion of pregnant women in research, as it is a issue of equity and social justice.


This invention diclosed the use and its preparation method of seaweed fiber grafted with chitosan. In the method suitable quality of chitosan was dissolved in the acetic acid solution with concentration of 1% ~ 2 %( w/w) to get chitosan solution of 2% -6 %( w/w). After preparation the 2% -5% of calcium chloride solution, these two solutions was fully mixed by 25% ~ 75% of chitosan solution in the mixture solution which, as a coagulation bath,used to make 3% -5% of the sodium alginat change into fibers. The fibers, after being stretched with tensile rate of 10% to 30% and dried, to change into seaweed fiber grafted with the chitosan. Because of certain chitosan coated on the surface, this fiber is antibacterial, hygroscopicity, non-toxic, harmless, safe and biodegradable, so that it can be largely apllied in medicine, environmental protection and other fields, especially for the manufacture of gauze used for wound dressings.


The 21st-century healthcare information systems (HCIS) acquire, integrate, analyse, and explore heterogeneous data available in several information sources to benefit multiple stakeholders. However, current research has mostly focused on technological aspects instead of being concerned with underlying concepts that could be reused to develop HCIS. Here, we sketch a reference architecture following primary requirements that future HCIS should consider. We describe and associate these requirements to each architectural element and demonstrate how the architecture can guide the development of a medical question-answering system. The main contribution is the reuse of common functionalities of the current generation of HCIS.


The interest on gender diversification on the firm's board of directors raises several questions about women's capability to hold these top positions on the board rooms. Gender diversity policy was approved by Malaysian Cabinet on 2011, mandated that corporate companies which listed under Bursa Malaysia must have at least 30 % of women's representation on the board by 2016. This study foresees that the policy introduced would spark some short term implications after year 2016. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the influence of having women on board towards firm's performance within three years starting from 2016 to 2018. This study provides empirical explanation whether women's representation on board significantly influence firm's performance or not. The sample of this study is 80 firms for three consecutive years from 2016 to 2018, arriving at 240 firms-years observations. Regression analysis is used to explore the relationship between women on board and firm's performance which is proxied by Return on Assets (ROA). The finding of this study revealed that there is a significant and positive relationship between women on board and firm's performance. Further, the finding justifies that public listed companies in Malaysia are getting used with the policy and accept the fact that there is a positive progress on gender equality policy in Malaysia. This scenario also evidences that women have inserted positive vibes in improving firm's performance within the three years' period of study.


An analysis of the absorption spectra of amorphous CdTeO films grown by radio-frequency sputtering has been carried out. The behavior and the shape of the spectra suggest the presence of CdxTeyOz variable-composition compounds ranging between CdTe and CdTeO with 67 at. % oxygen. We present a model based on bond statistics, which describes the absorption profile behavior of this and other materials with similar optical behavior, and models of the composition of such films.


The general effect of reading these volumes straight through is of attending a large multidisciplinary symposium. There is repetition, extreme variation in style, content, and complexity. Some contributors use that lame phrase, 'space does not permit. .', others describe, with detailed tables, obscure neurological rarities. Other authors forget that 'treatment and management' is their remit. There is a shortage of editorial attention, though they appear once (in square brackets) as referees during a virulent dismissal of signing for deaf children-maybe to placate its advocates elsewhere. Book 1, too often, is discursive, with a stately vagueness, ('not infrequent', 'relatively common') and insufficient contemporary data and controlled results of intervention. David Taylor's characteristic contributions are delightful-his case histories are compelling-but he needed reminding not to tell the same story twice. Textbooks are best not produced in two volumes, and witlhout a common index. These 930 pages could be reduced to 500, using the ruthlessness of journal editors, some chapters can be jettisoned. The paperback volumes, however, are remarkably cheap, and include contributions that are well researched, packed with contemporary references, and of immediate help in the management of ill and handicapped children.


Creative knowledge discovery—finding useful, previously unknown links between concepts—is a vital tool in unlocking the economic and social value of the vast range of networked data and services that is now available. We define "standard" knowledge discovery as the search for explanatory and predictive patterns in a specific domain, usually with a large volume of data. In contrast, creative knowledge discovery is concerned with the creation of new (and effective) patterns—either by generalization of existing patterns or by analogy to patterns in other domains. An important precondition for creative knowledge discovery is that we understand the relations within the data. Fuzzy formal concept analysis is a powerful approach that enables us to find embedded structure in data and to extract novel concepts that can be used in subsequent processing such as creative knowledge discovery.


To remain competitive, it is important for organizations to be aware of the success factors for effective conventional project management. It is equally important for them to develop knowledge about project management challenges and how such challenges can be addressed. Organizations and their project management teams are influenced by the three categories of enablers, limitations, and challenges. In this article, a review was carried out to highlight the challenges impacting the effectiveness of conventional project management. The review process comprised of identifying the research question; identifying relevant references; selecting studies; charting the data; and collating, summarizing, and reporting results. This process resulted in the inclusion of eight relevant references. Based on the frequency of challenge occurrence, the following five significant challenges have been identified: communication, control, competence, culture, and complexity. Complementarity and dependence links between these five challenges have been highlighted in this article. In this article, some project management challenges may not be presented. Due to the selected databases, search terms, chosen publications, and the authors' assessment, the research may have some limitations. Furthermore, the challenges of conventional project management can partly be overcome by a mixture of other project management methods and identified recommendations.


proposed field test application of the method of combining the various construction parameters selected compaction,dynamic compaction to effectively control the quality of the projects.


We consider cosmological scenarios in which density perturbations are generated by the quantum fluctuations of the inflaton field at early times; the late time dynamics involves a modulus which first dominates the energy density of the universe and then decays to reheat the visible sector. By examining the evolution of energy density of the universe from the time of horizon exit of a pivot mode to the present day, and the fact that a modulus field decays via Planck suppressed interactions, we arrive at a relation which relates the mass of the modulus, inflationary observables/parameters and broad characteristics of the post inflationary reheating phase. When viewed together with generic expectations regarding reheating and the initial field displacement of the modulus after inflation, the relation gives a bound on the minimum mass of the modulus. For a large class of models, the bounds obtained (for the central values of Planck data) can be much stronger than the 'cosmological moduli problem' bound.


The design of a laboratory size heavy medium separator was carried out. This was done sequel to the need for a locally available and affordable laboratory heavy medium separator for metallurgy students in developing economies. The separator was successfully designed and proper material selection achieved. The separator has since been fabricated and put to effective use. Key Word; separator, heavy medium, comminution, minerals, gravity, float, sink The design of the heavy metal separator is based on the principle mixture of comminuted materials with different specific gravity is charged into a vessel containing any suitable liquid; the material whose specific gravity is greater than that of the liquid will sink while those with specific gravity is less than that of the liquid will float. Hence it is imperative that if the vessel is rotating, due to the whirling action impacted on the mixture, minerals with higher specific gravity than the liquid would move to the walls of the containing vessel while those of lower specific gravity would segregate to the centre portion of the containing vessel and fall out through openings on the side walls and the central outlet of the containing vessel respectively. 2.0 SCOPE OF DESIGN


Fairness and efficiency are the two value goals pursuited in the design of higher education.System After the foundation of new China,we have made different strategic choices of the relationship between fairness and efficiency in different historical periods,which correspondingly influence the value orientation in design of higher education system.In the course of constructing the harmonious society,guided by the scientific development view,a people-oriented ideology and the harmony of fairness and efficiency should be the basic value orientations in creative design of higher education system.


The growing amount of businesses and the increasing number of businesses in the countries of central Europe in the first two decades of the 21st century has resulted in the expansion of study programs of economics. The inclination of these entrepreneurs to start a business is affected by several factors. A university education does not guarantee that a student after completion of a university course of study will become an entrepreneur. One of the important factors is the perception of the social environment and access to financial resources in the country of the student. The comparison of attitudes of students in the Czech and Slovak Republics to the social environment as well as the relationship of students to entrepreneurship is the aim of the article. The research sample represented 409 students from 14 universities active in the Czech Republic and 568 students acting at universities in the Slovak Republic. For the verification of the statistical hypotheses descriptive characteristics of statistics and the methods of mathematical statistics were used. In the conclusions, the authors summarize the basic common characteristics and the diversity of the perception of the social environment between selected countries.


We calculate the efficiency of iron K line emission and iron K absorption in photoionized models using a new set of atomic data. These data are more comprehensive than those previously applied to the modeling of iron K lines and edges from photoionized gases, and allow us to systematically examine the behavior of the properties of line emission and absorption as a function of the ionization parameter, density and column density of model constant density clouds.


Grant Osborne, the person to whom this chapter is dedicated, stands in the train of commentators like Paul, who in Romans 10:13 declared, in the words of Joel 3:5,2 "Everyone who calls on the name of the LORD will be saved." The chapter explores how commentators have treated the third element: what does Paul mean by pointing his readers to the name of the Lord, and what are the implications of his declaration within its literary context and for the readers of the book? It examines how Paul has adapted the prophecy of Joel to proclaim the Gospel based upon the death, resurrection, and exaltation of Jesus Christ. In doing so the chapter tries to account for the resistance to this Gospel among the Jews of Paul's day and the Jews of our own time. Keywords:Gospel; Jews; Lord; Paul; prophecy of Joel; Romans 10:13


of the public personnel administration in that country. Dr. Ahined has diagnosed various ills of the system under study and has also offered a number of suggestions for overcoming these ills. The nature of the dysfunctional aspects of Bangladesh's publi~ personnel administration would have been further clear if he could present some concrete case studies, especially in regard to the relation between the Establishment Division and the Finance Ministry and also between the PSC and the government. Nevertheless it is an interesting arid instructive stu:ly mich illustrates the general weakness of public personnel. administration of a typically Third World country.


2+ 2+ Changes in intracellular free Ca concentration ([Ca ],) arising in isolated guinea-pig adrenal chromaffin cells stimulated by various receptor agonists were analyzed by fura-2 imaging method. Nicotine (10 ,uM) and angiotensin II (100 nM; ANG II) induced rises in [Ca2+], in all cells tested. A muscarinic agonist, carbamyl-,8-methylcholine (l0 ,uM; BCh) and bradykinin (100 nM; BK) elicited [Ca2+], rises in 60% and 74% of cells tested, respectively. Cells responsive and nonresponsive to BCh or BK co-existed even among cells within a cluster, suggesting that receptors for these agonists may be distributed on individual cells in a considerably inhomogeneous fashion. None of cells showed [Ca2+], response to histamine (100 ,LtI\/D. The agonists which induced [Ca2*'], rises consistently evoked catecholamine (CA) secretion from perfused adrenal glands of the guinea-pig. A small transient [Ca2+], rise induced by ANG II, BCh or BK in Ca"-deficient medium indicated a release of Ca2+ from intracellular Ca" stores. However, a major portion of [Ca2+], rise induced by these agonists was derived from Ca" entry, since a blocker for agonist-mediated Ca2+ entry, 1-{,6-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy]-4-methoxyphenethyl}-1H-imidazole hydrochloride (SK&F 96365) (30 ,uM) extensively inhibited both the agonist-induced [Ca2+], rise and CA secretion. The agonist-induced Ca" entry consisted in part of Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca" channels, which was sensi-


hoosing a method of birth control is a highly personal decision. The decision can be influenced by many factors. However, the factors haven't been identified. This study was aimed to asses factors correlating with KB-Mandiri acceptor's decision in choosing a contraceptive method.

This descriptive analitic was conducted in Karangturi Village. The population was the first year acceptor's of current contraceptive method. Clustered design was used to take the sample. Total sample were 100 respondents, taken according to inclusion criteria. The independent variables were the family value about children, partner's support, economic level, knowledge and attitude about many contraceptives available today. The dependent variables was acceptor's decision in choosing a contraceptive method. Data was collected using structured questionnaire. Data that had collected were later analyzed with frequency distribution of each category.
Result showed that most family believe that children was a source of benediction, the family economic level was in low category, partner's support was in good category, acceptor's knowledge was in low category and attitude was also in good category. The most wanted contraceptive was injection and the unwanted contraceptive was condom.

It can be concluded that acceptor's knowledge about many contraception available today is one of many factors which affecting acceptor's decision. Health workers (such as gynecologists and midwives) should provide adequate information about the most current methods of contraceptives available today. So that, the family has become aware of the options available to them in choosing the contraceptive product which suitable to their needs.


This article analyses from a current perspective some of the issues raised by the application of overriding mandatory provisions, with a special emphasis on questions of EU Law. On the one hand, the author identifies the practical obstacles which hinder the effective application of overriding mandatory provisions, either by means of a control to be carried out prior to their application, or by means of jurisdictional mechanisms intended to obstruct such application, as for example choice of court agreements and arbitration agreements. On the other hand, the author points out possible soluTraducido por Cristian Oro Martinez, Investigador Postdoctoral de DIPr, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona. ANUARIO ESPANOL DE DERECHO INTERNACIONAL PRIVADO 2010 36 tions –both material and procedural– that can be used to overcome the obstacles previously detected, in order to guarantee that the imperative character of overriding mandatory provisions is respected and, consequently, that such provisions are effectively applied to all the cases falling within their scope of application.


The Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM) is involved in the prototyping of a full scale demonstrator for stress polishing of segments for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). Stress polishing method is developed at LAM since more than 40 years, and this mature technology has recently been used with success for VLT instruments. Stress polishing is now considered as a promising manufacturing method for mass production of large off axis mirrors, specifically for ELT segments. This powerful method, based on elasticity theory, allows the generation of super-smooth off-axis aspherics with a minimal amount of high spatial frequency ripples by spherically polishing a warped blank with a full-sized tool. Thanks to the simple spherical polishing, the operation time can be strongly reduced compared to the time-consuming sub-aperture tool methods of grinding and polishing. The goal is to rapidly converge to less than 1 micron RMS of optical quality on a circular blank which will be finally cut hexagonally and finished using Ion Beam Finishing. In this paper we will present the status of the demonstrator and the design of the warping harness prototype that must be able to precisely warp the circular blank.


The present research studies the role of fi rms' interactions within the Regional Innovation System (RIS) in relation to their innovation eff orts for the olive sector in La Rioja, Argentina. Empirical analysis is based on information gained from a survey conducted by the National University of Chilecito in 2012. Quasi-Poisson and Binomial Logistic regressions are built in order to deal with statistical data. The main fi ndings show an association between interactions established by fi rms and their innovative activities, as well as the relevance of relationships with certain science and technology organizations. However, heterogeneity amongst fi rms and RIS weaknesses would limit smaller fi rms' performance.


The social competence and cognition of 26 black and one white mentally retarded-emotionally disturbed special education students from lower socioeconomic families were assessed. Deviant behavior, as measured by teachers, was negatively related to self-concept. Self-concept related positively to reading and arithmetic. Sociometric ratings by teachers, aides, and students relating to school work, behavior, and popularity were positively interrelated. Favorable sociometric ratings (completed by students) were positively related to deviant behavior (rated by teachers and aides). Favorable sociometric ratings were positively related to deviant behavior as rated by teachers but not aides. Also, the sociometric ratings for school work completed by teachers, aides, and students were positively related to the achievement test results. These cost- and time-efficient measures might be used advantageously for assessing and treating handicapped children.


Submitted for the DPP09 Meeting of The American Physical Society Absorber arc mitigation during CHI on NSTX1 D. MUELLER, M.G. BELL, A.L. ROQUEMORE, Princeton University, R. RAMAN, B.A. NELSON, T.R. JARBOE, University of Washington — A method of non-inductive startup, referred to as transient coaxial helicity injection (CHI), was successfully developed on the Helicity Injected Torus (HIT-II) experiment and employed on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). This technique has produced 160 kA of plasma current on closed flux surfaces. Over 100 kA of the CHI current has been coupled to inductively driven current ramp-up. In transient CHI, a voltage is applied across the insulating gap separating the inner and outer vacuum vessel and gas is introduced at the lower gap (the injector). The resulting current in the injector follows the helical magnetic field connecting the electrodes, forms a toroidal current and expands into the vacuum vessel. At higher CHI current, the poloidal field due to the plasma can connect the inner and outer vessels at the insulating gap at the top (called the absorber) of NSTX and lower the impedance there. This results in arcs in the absorber which are a source of impurities and which reduce the desired current in the injector. Two coils installed in the absorber will be used to reduce the magnetic field across the absorber gap and mitigate the absorber arcs. 1Work supported by U.S. DOE Contract Nos. DE-AC02-09-CH11466 and DE-FG0396ER54361.


The introduction of the eleven-spotted ladybird Coccinella undecimpunctata to New Zealand in 1874 has been widely quoted as the first importation of an insect for biological control in New Zealand and one of the first anywhere. However, searches of historical records show no evidence that such an introduction was made or attempted. Instead, there is clear evidence that the presently accepted record arose by a process of cumulative misreporting. An account of discussions in the Entomological Society of London in December 1873 about possible introductions of various beneficial insects to New Zealand was misreported by the American entomologist C. V. Riley, and several subsequent authors restated his version with further modifications and additions. This created the record of the introduction of C. undecimpunctata to New Zealand in 1874 that has been accepted and repeated ever since.


To investigate the molecular mechanism of miR‐302b in the regulation of cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation in gastric cancer. Samples of tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 30 gastric cancer patients. Bioinformatics and the dual luciferase report were used for verification of the relationship between miR‐302b expression and cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). RT‐PCR and western blot were used to examine CDK2 mRNA and protein levels. The impacts of miR‐302b on CDK2 expression and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway were assessed in cells transfected with miR‐302b analogs and CDK2 overexpression carrier, respectively. We used 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) to assay gastric cancer cell growth after transfection, flow cytometry to analyze cell cycle. Compared with normal tissues, miR‐302b expression was significantly lower in gastric cancer tissues, which was significantly related to lymph node metastasis, metastasis distance, and TNM staging. miR‐302b expression was increased in miR‐302b mimics transfected cells and was significantly decreased in miR‐302b inhibitors transfected cells. CDK2 is a target gene of miR‐302b. Decreased miR‐302b and increased CDK2 expressions can significantly promote proliferation and G1/S phase transformation in gastric cancer. miR‐302b promoted the proliferation of gastric cancer cells through upregulation of CDK2, thereby inhibiting ERK pathway, which can in turn inhibit the promoting ability of miR‐302b on proliferation. The upregulation of miR‐302b reduced the expression of CDK2, and inhibited ERK signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and G1/S phase conversion rate. Therefore, miR‐302b provides new perspectives for research of cell regulation and proliferation in gastric cancer, and new targets for gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment.


Optimal seamline detection is a key step when composing digital orthophotomaps (DOM) of extensive areas from overlapping ortho‐images. To avoid seamlines passing through buildings when mosaicking, seamline detection between adjacent ortho‐images is casted as a graph‐cut problem. To avoid buildings, colour differences and gradient magnitude derived from the ortho‐images, together with approximate object heights derived from a digital surface model (DSM), are combined for constructing the cost term of the graph. To efficiently obtain an approximate height value for each DOM unit, an expanded normalised DSM is proposed. Furthermore, the designed cost term for final composite ortho‐image merging is weighted to prioritise pixels closest to the nadir point. Experiments with strips of aerial images show that the proposed method obtains seamless mosaicking of ortho‐images without manual work.


Objective: To observe the location and morphology of oculomotor nerve in tilapia by Biocytin tracing method.Methods: This experiment with tilapia,10(male or female),body length 12-16 cm,tilapias were deeply anesthetized by immersion in a solution of approximately140 mg/L{tricaine methanesulfonate(MS222)},then the nerves were exposed under surgical microscope and the location and morphology of oculomotor nerve in tilapia was investigated by Biocytin tracing method.Rusults: ①The labeled nerve fibers were long with different thickness and loose arrangement,from the outside in the forward direction,gradually move closer.Finally located in the nucleus of oculomotor nerve of ventral part of midbrain,at the same time,some nerve fibers cross to the opposite can be observed.② The nerve cells were round and oval with different size,the neurite can be observed and connected to the cell body spirally and linearly,then form the nerve terminals and synaptic connections and multipolar neurons can be observed,and a few nerve cells also can be observed in the nerve fibers,but some labeled structure was not complete,and some labeled nerve fibers and cells were not very clear.Conclusion: The oculomotor nerve fibers in the midbrain in tilapia consistented with other animals mainly and the oculomotor nucleus located in the ventral part of midbrain aqueduct.


Among patients who have undergone liver transplantation, liver enzymes (aminotransferases, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase) provide an important indicator of graft function, anatomic and biliary complications, and immunologic response. The pattern of elevation in conjunction with the timing and clinical context can offer insight into the mechanism of injury.[1] Frequently, an elevation in liver enzymes is the first indicator of graft pathology, providing an opportunity to intervene clinically to preserve allograft function.


Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is one of Indonesia's wild plants which is considered a weed because of its rapid growth that can cause environmental problems. Generally, water hyacinth control is carried out physically/conventionally by throwing it away or burning it, causing new environmental problems. Water hyacinth has a high organic matter content, therefore water hyacinth can be used as an alternative feed to increase the production of earthworms. This study aims to determine the effect of adding water hyacinth as feed to increasing the production of earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus).This study aims to determine the effect of adding water hyacinth as feed to increasing the production of earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus). The research was conducted in the Dasan Dao hamlet, Ranggagata Village, Southwest Praya District, Central Lombok Regency, in the researcher's private house for 60 days. This type of research is an experimental research. The research design used was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments were P0 (0 grams of water hyacinth), P1 (50 grams of water hyacinth), P2 (100 grams of water hyacinth), P3 (150 grams of water hyacinth). Parameters observed were the number and weight of earthworms. The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect on the weight and number of earthworms (P<0.05). The results of the treatment on the number of earthworms P0;P1;P2;P3 were 84;93.75;117.25;127.5 and the weight of earthworms was 85;102.5;118.75;124.75. The highest number and weight of earthworms were found in the P3 treatment (150 g of water hyacinth). The conclusion of this research is the addition of water hyacinth as feed can increase the number and weight of earthworms.


The generation of continuous land surface products from remote sensing observations is key to many environment applications. Nevertheless satellite products are often affected by poor quality or missing data due to instrumentation problems, cloud cover or snow cover. An innovative multi-sensor fusion approach for improving spatio-temporal continuity, consistency, temporal smoothness and accuracy of satellite products is here presented. The approach is based on the use of neural networks and temporal fitting techniques. It is applicable to any optical sensor and satellite product. In this study, the potential of this technique was demonstrated for restoring missing and low quality data in the MODIS leaf area index (LAI) product over the BELMANIP sites in the 2001-2003 period. MODIS and VEGETATION reflectance data were used. The developed FUSION LAI product showed an overall good agreement with the MODIS LAI standard product but resulted more continuous (reduction of 90% of the invalid LAI values), stable (smoother temporal evolution with a reduction of artefacts), consistent (improved monitoring of vegetation dynamics) and accurate (better agreement with ground measurements). The proposed approach thus provides products more appropriate for environmental prediction.


Hematological changes impacting platelets are seemed, by all accounts, to be connected with type 2 diabetes mellitus is usually connected with vascular complexities. Lately, there has been reestablished interest and expanding proof that hematological anomalies can be utilized as markers of endothelial brokenness and aggravation in type 2 diabestes mellitus (T2DM). Thus point of this examination was to evaluations of unusual hematological lists and anthropometric boundaries related with type 2 diabetes. Anticoagulated blood tests were gathered from fasting people and hematological Indices examined via computerized platelet counter and fasting glucose via automated laboratory analyzer. Male individuals with T2DM were described by altogether raised degrees of; weight file (BMI), systolic pulse (SBP), diastolic circulatory strain (DBP), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), red platelet dispersion width (RDW), platelet tally (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet appropriation width (PDW), FBS (P<0.05) as contrasted and sound individuals without T2DM bunch. Likewise, female individuals with T2DM were portrayed by altogether raised degrees of DBP, HCT, MCHC, RDW, WBC, PLT, MPV, PCT, and FBS (P<0.05) as contrasted and non-diabetic female control. This assessment exhibited measurably critical distinction in some hematological boundaries of diabetic patients contrasted and controls. In this way, hematological lists could be valuable markers diabetic difficulty in type 2 DM patients
Keywords: Hematological Parameters, Antithropometric Measurement, Diabetic Patients, C-peptide, Insulin, Parameters of lipid status


This paper describes some of the latest features in the commercial electromagnetic software Feko (including WinProp). These include the modeling of non-ideal cable shield connections, the parallel direct adaptive cross approximation (ACA) solver, edge and wedge diffraction for the ray launching geometrical optics (RL-GO) solver, and several new features related to automotive radar. Keywords—adaptive cross approximation, automotive radar, cable shield connections, diffraction, Feko, RL-GO, WinProp.


An improvement method is presented to solve the defect of the hydraulic system of main-cylinder for Y-2000 stretching oil press. The usage shows that this method is practical.


PURPOSE: An integrated IDC protector is provided to minimize a current resistance by directly connecting a method to minimize a current resistance. CONSTITUTION: An IDC(Internet Data Center) terminal module(100) is electrically connected to the station line and extension. A lower case(200) and an upper case(300) combines the IDC terminal module. The IDC terminal module is arranged to face a pair of station lien terminal part in a module base(110). In the IDC terminal module, a pair of an extension terminal part(130) is arranged to face a pair of station line. In the IDC terminal module, a positive temperature coefficient device(140) is installed between a station line terminal piece and an extension terminal piece which is electrically connected. In the IDC terminal module, a discharge pipe(150) is installed to discharge overvoltage by being connected between the pair of station line terminal pieces. In the IDC terminal module, a ground terminal part(160) is installed to connected to the ground line by receiving overvoltage from a discharge pipe.


Computing involving data in a logo‐syllabic oriental language like Chinese is more difficult than in English. Many attempts have been made to develop bilingual or multilingual processing systems.1–3 Most of them are based on microcomputers like the IBM‐PC. With the widespread use of workstations and window systems, much better multi‐lingual processing environments can be provided.


This paper studies the political economy of local politicians' neighborhoods. We use detailed population-wide data on the location of politicians' and citizens' homes and their socioeconomic traits. We combine this information with neighborhoodlevel data on building permits and proposals to close schools. A descriptive analysis uncovers that politicians live in neighborhoods with more socio-economically advantaged people and more of their own party's voters. Next, we analyze whether having politicians in a neighborhood reduces the likelihood that local public "bads" are placed there. This analysis compares home neighborhoods for politicians with different degrees of political power (ruling majority or opposition) and where power was won in a close elections. We find negative effects on approved building permits for multifamily homes and proposals to close schools. This result is most likely explained by undue favoritism. We conclude that local politicians live in advantaged neighborhoods that they shield from local public bads. ∗The order of authors is randomized. We thank Katrin Uba for kindly sharing data on school closures, and Ellen Westman Persson, Hannes Skugghall, Christoffer Eriksson, and Dany Kessel for excellent research assistance. We also thank Jens Olav Dahlgaard and seminar participants at the MSU Workshop on Political Economics (2018), Universitat de Barcelona, Uppsala University, U.C. San Diego, the Madrid Political Economy Workshop (2020), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, The Danish Political Science Association (2020), and Urban Lab at Uppsala University for useful comments. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, Riksbankens Jubileumsfond, and Handelsbankens Forskningsstiftelser. †Department of Political Science, Uppsala University ‡Swedish Institute for Social Research, Stockholm University §Nottingham University and CEPR ¶Institute for Housing and Urban Research and Department of Economics at Uppsala University, CESifo, IEB at Barcelona and VATT Helsinki


Field tests were initiated in Florida with the bait toxicant AC-217,300 to evaluate the effect of toxicant concentration, percent soybean oil on the carrier (pre-gel defatted corn grits), and the rate of application of baits on control of natural infestations of the red imported fire ant (RIFA). Twenty-four plots were established on improved pasture land. Each plot was 1 acre in size and contained a 0.25 acre evaluation area. Three of the plots were used as untreated checks. The baits were applied at various rates with a tractor-mounted auger system. The test was evaluated at 6 and 12 wk post-treatment. The population index method of determining control was used in which we evaluated the colonies according to the number of worker ants and the presence or absence of worker brood (larvae and pupae) and assigned each colony to a class from 1-10. Colonies in classes 1-5 did not contain worker brood while those in classes 6-10 contained worker brood. The differences within classes 1-5 and 6-10 were related to the size of the colony. The Interaction of population density and colony classes was then used to establish a population index.


If the diversity of a community is not managed properly, it will cause various problems that can lead to disharmony in the interaction patterns in that community. The diversity of students of the Faculty of Social Science and Christian Humaniora (FISHK) of IAKN Tarutung leads to a tendency to cause grouping and even create competition, which greatly affects the patterns of interactions among students. The purpose of this research is to develop the ASAS programs in revitalizing the social interaction patterns of students of the Faculty of Social Science and Christian Humaniora (FISHK) of IAKN Tarutung. This research method uses a quantitative description, which aims to explain events that are described in the form of Figures containing useful numbers. The four indicators for the Adaptive Program (A) show that 31.13% of respondents strongly agree to hold adaptive programs, 61.13% of respondents agree, 6.78% disagree, and 0.88% of respondents strongly disagree. The seven indicators for the Spiritual Program (S) show that 38.14% of respondents strongly agree to hold spiritual activities, 56.71% of respondents agree, 5.14% of respondents disagree, and no one strongly disagrees. The five indicators for the Academic Program (A) show that 29.4% of respondents strongly agree to hold an academic program, 61.6% of the respondents agree, 8.4% of respondents disagree, and 0.6% of the respondents strongly disagree. The four indicators for the Spiritual Program (S) show that 30.75% of respondents strongly agree to hold social activities, 60% of the respondents agree, 8.75% of respondents disagree, and less than one percent (0.5%) of respondents strongly disagree. From all the indicators in the ASAS program that have been implemented, it can be concluded that the ASAS (Adaptive, Spiritual, Academic and Social) programs can be as solutions in revitalizing interaction patterns among students and those can become references for readers or others in overcoming disharmony issues in a community.


: Traditional knowledge about the use of medicinal plants for herbal drinks (HDs) is well documented for widespread use. This study highlights the taxonomic diversity and traditional knowledge on medicinal plants used for HDs (water) while examining the diversity of diseases treated with HDs in the study area. Current state of knowledge on the links between water quality, new issues, risks, and solutions. This special issue will also cover different perspectives of water studies related environmental and health risk.


In the last decade, a smart card based authentication and key agreement scheme has been widely used to verify the users' validity. Recently, Liu et al. showed that the Li et al.'s scheme is vulnerable to some attacks. Then, Liu et al. proposed their protocol and proved that is secured against various attacks. However, in this paper we show that Liu et al.'s scheme is vulnerable to server spoofing attack. To overcome the weaknesses, we proposed our protocol which is demonstrated secured against various attack especially Server Spoofing attack.


Ferroelectricity and X‐ray detection property have been recently implemented for the first time in hybrid bromide double perovskites. It sheds a light on achieving photosensitive and ferroelectric multifunctional materials based on 2D lead‐free hybrid halide double perovskites. However, the low Tc, small Ps, and relatively low X‐ray sensitivity in the reported bromide double perovskites hinder practical applications. Herein, the authors demonstrate a novel 2D lead‐free iodide double perovskite (4,4‐difluoropiperidinium)4AgBiI8 (1) for high‐performance X‐ray sensitive ferroelectric devices. Centimeter‐sized single crystal of 1 is obtained and exhibits an excellent ferroelectricity including a high Tc up to 422 K and a large Ps of 10.5 μC cm−2. Moreover, due to a large X‐ray attenuation and efficient charge carrier mobility (μ)–charge carrier lifetime (τ) product, the crystal 1 also exhibits promising X‐ray response with a high sensitivity up to 188 μC·Gyair−1 cm−2 and a detection limit below 3.13 μGyair·s−1. Therefore, this finding is a step further toward practical applications of lead‐free halide perovskite in high‐performance photoelectronic devices. It will afford a promising platform for exploring novel photosensitive ferroelectric multifunctional materials based on lead‐free double perovskites.


Objective
To explore the effects of nursing outcome classification system oriented nursing intervention on postoperative rehabilitation in patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis.

Methods
A total of 144 patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis treated in Central Hospital of Binzhou, Shandong Province, from June 2016 to May 2017 were selected as the research subjects. All the patients were divided into two groups by to the random number table method, with 72 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine care. The observation group was given nursing based on the classification of nursing outcomes. All the intervention lasted for 8 weeks. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) , Frankel classification, Barthel index and improved Fugl-Meyer score were used to compare the pain relief, nerve function, motor function, the difference of living ability and complications between the two groups.

Results
The VAS scores of the observation group and the control group were (2.82±0.76) and (3.92±0.57) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (t=9.825, P 0.05) . The incidence of complications in the observation group was 16.67%, while that in the control group was 29.17%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) .

Conclusions
Nursing outcome classification has positive significance in perioperative nursing of patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis, which can promote the recovery of neurological function.

Key words:
Perioperative nursing; Thoracic vertebral; Tuberculosis; Nursing outcome classification


The Apollo 11 regolith is enriched in Mg compared to mixtures of local mare basalts and feldspathic highland material that accounts for other elements. Using mass-balance constraints, we cannot identify the component, but its abundance is approx. 8%.


The study examines perceived risk and knowledge of coronavirus transmission as predictors of social distancing compliance in south-west Nigeria. A snowball sampling techniques was used for the cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire to collect data from respondents across the states in south-west Nigeria. The data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results from the data analysis reveals that the majority 143(66.2%) had moderate compliance. It was also revealed that there was a significant positive direct relationship between perceived risk and knowledge of coronavirus transmission (β = 0.19,p< 0.05), [95% Cl: = 0.12 (0.27)] and females exhibits social distancing compliance than male (t=-3.459, df=214, p<.05).Based on the study, people were encouraged to fear less but comply with all the guidelines of prevention from hand washing to social distancing. KEYWORD: Coronavirus, COVID-19, Perceived Risk, Social Distancing, Southwest How to cite this paper: Mrs Opeyemi O. Olaseni | Victor M. Akinnigbagbe "Perceived Risk and Knowledge of Coronavirus Transmission as Predictors of Social Distancing Compliance in SouthWest Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1, December 2020, pp.1148-1154, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38206.pdf Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)


In the modern optical measurement field, the radius of curvature (ROC) is one of the fundamental parameters of optical lens. Its measurement accuracy directly affects the other optical parameters, such as focal length, aberration and so on, which significantly affect the overall performance of the optical system. To meet the demand of measurement instruments for radius of curvature (ROC) with high accuracy in the market, we develop a laser confocal radius measurement system with grating ruler. The system uses the peak point of the confocal intensity curve to precisely identify the cat-eye and confocal positions and then measure the distance between these two positions by using the grating ruler, thereby achieving the high-precision measurement for the ROC. The system has advantages of high focusing sensitivity and anti-environment disturbance ability. And the preliminary theoretical analysis and experiments show that the measuring repeatability can be up to 0.8 um, which can provide an effective way for the accurate measurement of ROC.


This article locates Italy's cultural, intellectual, and artistic encounters with Africa and the African diaspora through analysis of visual practices and sites of decolonization that developed between the 1950s and 1970s in order to highlight some contradictions and parallels in Italian and African expressions of modernity. It makes a critical analysis of Italian cultural history presented in the literature as a latecomer to both colonialism and postcolonialism and suggests instead a different narrative, one where despite (or because of) Italy's problematic national history, the colonial and nationalist legacies and residues left by fascism were nevertheless active in developing new networks of decolonization. My interest in Italian encounters with African decolonization was sparked by an exhibition on the material archive of the publishing house Pr esence Africaine at Le Mus ee du Quai Branly in Paris, which highlighted to me an apparent paradox. On the one hand, the newspaper articles on display were a testament to African intellectuals strongly opposing Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia (1935–1936). On the other hand, the poster designed by the South African artist Gerard Sekoto (1913–1993) for the Second Congress of Negro Writers and Artists held at the Istituto Italiano per l'Africa (Italian Institute for Africa) in Rome in 1959 (see Figure 1) seemed to suggest a different narrative that compels inquiry. This article attempts to sketch out the contexts of decolonization and the creative responses to this process that took place between Italy and Africa both within political and cultural institutions and contrapuntally without, led by individual artists and intellectuals who acted as agents of intellectual and artistic exchange. By contrapuntally I draw theoretically from Edward Said's use of the term to argue that a contrapuntal reading, one in which "looking at the different experiences contrapuntally, as making up a set of. . . intertwined and overlapping histories" (Said, 1994, p. 19), is a useful approach for developing a deeper understanding of Italian and African modernities, which are both geographically located and inherently transnational. Central to this analysis is the independently articulated common need for a "cultural inventory" expressed by both African and Italian intellectuals that points toward the fluidity of boundaries and a space for exchange. Although Italy's political and economic motives for its engagement with African decolonization is questioned, a common theme of modernity itself emerges where cultural practices are seen as both a reaction against dominant discourses and part of institutional normality. This, I suggest, contributes to the production of a contradictory set of ideas about Africa associated with a political counterculture linked to anticolonial, liberation, and student movements, and also to colonial myths about the exotic "other" that still persist today.


Flexible housing were created in order to fit the home owners needs to want a variety in their life cycle and lifestyle. Ever since 1969, when frame apartments were being constructed, to now our country has been constructing flexible housing, recently becoming a new trend. However, its characteristics and time series perceptions have yet to be analyzed. This study is based on 22 samples from 1968 to 2010, analyzing the characteristics and time series aspects of flexible housing. This study analyze the various home development phases, further delving into the various changes flexible housing underwent in the past and the unique aspects these homes provide. The methods used in this study include plan catalogues and the internet, along with documents even calling on experts in their sample areas that require more plan contents. In addition, case studies were done in order to extrapolate more relevant information. we grasped structural system, supply system and flexibility contents for main examples. In conclusion, the types of flexible housing will be classified into unit sizes flexibility and flexibility of inner unit. As the compatibility of bearing wall and column take a significant part in adjusting homes, recently the rooms flexibility of flat plate system are expanding.


In the course of preparing an edition, with the kind permission of the Coleridge family, of the unpublished correspondence of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, I have found, among the several hundred letters examined, five written by Coleridge to Lord Byron which afford a fuller view of the relationship between the two poets. The contact between Coleridge and Byron was brief, their correspondence being confined to the period between Easter 1815 and April 1816, the time at which Byron finally departed from England. It is known that in 1812 Byron interceded with the managers of Drury Lane for the production of Coleridge's Remorse and that he attended at least two of Coleridge's lectures in 1811 and 1812; but their personal intercourse apparently did not extend beyond those incidents and the exchange of a few letters. Most of Byron's letters to Coleridge have already been published, but the five letters which Coleridge wrote to Byron have never been published in full.


Shennongjia,located in middle area between Chongqing and Hubei province and in the northwest of Hubei province,is a precious land that preserves ecology well in the middle latitude in the world.It is famous both at home and abroad for its magnificent,handsome,primitive and mysterious landscapes.A survey on the degree of satisfaction was conducted in May,2006 to understand visitors' impression and appraisal on natural environment,tourism facilities and service quality.In the sample,the male accounted for 65.2%,the female 34.8%,the middle and youth 78.4%(Age ranged from 19 to 45).College students occupied 62.9%.The result showed that the first-time visitors took 80.8%,the second-time visitors 10.6%,the third-time 3.6%,and the fourth or above 5.0%.The most satisfaction the visitors felt was natural environment;92.7% visitors thought the scene was beacautiful in Shennongjia and 85.43% visitors thought the ecological environment was preserved well;visitors' evaluation on feeling of crowdedness ranked the second;70.2% visitors didn't felt crowded;evaluation on the service quality ranked the third;73.9% visitors thought the staff were friendly;the feeling toward information service in Shennongjia ranked the fourth and 59.0% visitors felt satisfied with it;the degree of satisfaction towards tourism facilities ranked the fifth;visitors' satisfaction toward price ranked the lowest,and people generally thought they were charged several times,they paid different price for the same products,and they spent too much on board and lodging.


Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (Fabaceae) is a typical 'conflict species', possessing both useful and damaging attributes, that has become naturalized in several countries worldwide, following deliberate introductions for agroforestry. Considered one of the 'World's 100 Worst Invaders', the plant in South Africa is an incipient or 'emerging weed', with infestations mostly occurring in the eastern subtropical regions of the country. Deliberate biological control efforts have been confined to South Africa, although these have been opportunistic, unfunded and, given the plant's propensity for prolific seed production, have focused exclusively on the seed beetle, Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Schaeffer) (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). Following confirmation of host specificity, and after several low-intensity releases, the beetle has become widely established in KwaZulu-Natal, where releases were mostly made, but also in Gauteng, Mpumalanga and the North West provinces. A sap-sucking psyllid, Heteropsylla cubana Crawford (Psyllidae), was inadvertently introduced into South Africa, but has not had any impact on weed infestations. The biological control programme against L. leucocephala in South Africa is reviewed, including: (i) aspects of the target plant that are pertinent to its invasiveness and management; (ii) details pertaining to the two natural enemies that have featured so far; (iii) progress that has been achieved; and (iv) the direction of future research efforts.


By Borel-Cantelli lemma,extended and improved Jean-Pierre Kahane's results for random covering on unit circumference,obstained some analogical results for random covering on Euclidean space of n(n≥1) dimension,then studied some relations between multiple complex Fourier-Redemacher series and some functional spaces,and obstained that multiple complex Fourier-Redemacher series in L~∞ and in C is equivalent.


The crystal structure of the title compound, a vinylcyclobutane derivative abbreviated to VCB, has been determined at 90 K by X-ray crystallographic methods. The conformation of the vinyl group is anti. The 1 H, 13 C and 15 N NMR spectra of VCB in solution have been completely assigned using a combination of 1D and 2D experiments. The 1 H and 13 C NMR data show that the anti configuration of the vinyl group persists in solution. An analysis of the 1 H and 13 C spin-lattice relaxation times (T 1 ) of VCB is reported. The rotational correlation times for VCB are 23 ps for the overall motion and between 2.5 and 69 ps for the methyl reorientations. The rotations of the 3α and 3β methyl groups are considerably hindered


RATIONALE
S-nitrosylation (SNO), an oxidative post-translational modification of cysteine residues, responds to changes in the cardiac redox-environment. Classic biotin-switch assay and its derivatives are the most common methods used for detecting SNO. In this approach, the labile SNO group is selectively replaced with a single stable tag. To date, a variety of thiol-reactive tags have been introduced. However, these methods have not produced a consistent data set, which suggests an incomplete capture by a single tag and potentially the presence of different cysteine subpopulations.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate potential labeling bias in the existing methods with a single tag to detect SNO, explore if there are distinct cysteine subpopulations, and then, develop a strategy to maximize the coverage of SNO proteome.

METHODS AND RESULTS
We obtained SNO-modified cysteine data sets for wild-type and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase knockout mouse hearts (S-nitrosoglutathione reductase is a negative regulator of S-nitrosoglutathione production) and nitric oxide-induced human embryonic kidney cell using 2 labeling reagents: the cysteine-reactive pyridyldithiol and iodoacetyl based tandem mass tags. Comparison revealed that <30% of the SNO-modified residues were detected by both tags, whereas the remaining SNO sites were only labeled by 1 reagent. Characterization of the 2 distinct subpopulations of SNO residues indicated that pyridyldithiol reagent preferentially labels cysteine residues that are more basic and hydrophobic. On the basis of this observation, we proposed a parallel dual-labeling strategy followed by an optimized proteomics workflow. This enabled the profiling of 493 SNO sites in S-nitrosoglutathione reductase knockout hearts.

CONCLUSIONS
Using a protocol comprising 2 tags for dual-labeling maximizes overall detection of SNO by reducing the previously unrecognized labeling bias derived from different cysteine subpopulations.


Various groups of drugs carry the potential risk of sexual dy;füi1ëtiõn;-and-the....p~I1Iem may be growing as more new drugs are introduced. The following are some of the possible effects on sexual function of commonly prescribed drugs. Decreased Libido: Mayoccurwhentakingtricyclicantidepressants ( doxepin and amitrip-tyline, etc. ) antihistamines ( diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, cyproheptadine, and cime-tidine), antihypertensives ( clonidine, methyldopa, reserpine, and propranoiol), antipsychotic ( chlorpromazine ), barbiturates, and the minor tranquilizers (diazepam and chlordiazepoxide). Erectile Problems: Occur with the anticholinergics ( atropine, scopolamine, propanthe-line, glycopyrrolate, and oxyphencyclimine ), antidepressants ( amitriptyLine, isocarboxazide, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine)~ antihistamines ( diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, cyproheptadine, and cimetidine), antihypertens ives ( spironolactone, thiazides, clonidine, methyldopa, reserpine, and propranolol ), antipsychotic ( thioridazine ). Impaired Ejaculation: Occurs withantidepressants ( doxepin, amitriptyline, isocarboxazid, phenelzine, and trancylcypromine), antihypertensives ( thiazides, phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, and guanethidine), antipsychotics ( chlorpromazine and thioridazine). Hormonal Alteration: Caused by the antihistamine cimetidine, and antihypertensive spironolactone, and with the antipsychotics ( chlorpromazine, thioridazine, and haloperidol). The author concludes that if the patient's history discloses sexual dysfunction, the physician should select drugs that are less likely to have effects on sexual expression. If, however, the patient's symptoms or disease cannot be controlled without drugs that cause sexual dysfunction, the patient should be informed of the benefits and side effects of the drug. Then he or she should have the right to decide whether they want to receive the drug. '


Lithium (Li) metal, as an appealing candidate for the next‐generation of high‐energy‐density batteries, is plagued by its safety issue mainly caused by uncontrolled dendrite growth and infinite volume expansion. Developing new materials that can improve the performance of Li‐metal anode is one of the urgent tasks. Herein, a new MXene derivative containing pure rutile TiO2 and N‐doped carbon prepared by heat‐treating MXene under a mixing gas, exhibiting high chemical activity in molten Li, is reported. The lithiation MXene derivative with a hybrid of LiTiO2‐Li3N‐C and Li offers outstanding electrochemical properties. The symmetrical cell assembling lithiation MXene derivative hybrid anode exhibits an ultra‐long cycle lifespan of 2000 h with an overpotential of ≈30 mV at 1 mA cm−2, which overwhelms Li‐based anodes reported so far. Additionally, long‐term operations of 34, 350, and 500 h at 10 mA cm−2 can be achieved in symmetrical cells at temperatures of −10, 25, and 50 °C, respectively. Both experimental tests and density functional theory calculations confirm that the LiTiO2‐Li3N‐C skeleton serves as a promising host for Li infusion by alleviating volume variation. Simultaneously, the superlithiophilic interphase of Li3N guides Li deposition along the LiTiO2‐Li3N‐C skeleton to avoid dendrite growth.


This paper is an attempt to extend the notion of viscosity solution to nonlinear stochastic partial differential integral equations with nonlinear Neumann boundary condition. Using the recently developed theory on generalized backward doubly stochastic differential equations driven by a L\'evy process, we prove the existence of the stochastic viscosity solution, and further extend the nonlinear Feynman-Kac formula.


The present invention, liver failure, and to pharmaceutically treat necrosis caused by a variety of toxic substances, capable of treating interferon, viral infection or other diseases, in particular, for the treatment of tumors the method relates. And more specifically, the present invention is a viral infection, liver failure, liver necrosis, and other conditions caused by toxic substances or autoimmune reactions, or easily tumors affected by treatment with interferon alpha, beta or gamma a method for treating or preventing, a NH 4


The Johns-Manville Company was founded in 1901with the merging of the H.W. Johns Manufacturing Company and the Manville Covering Company. Both companies made building materials using asbestos. The new company was based in New York, New York, and made products such as insulation and roofing materials, automotive sheet packing for cylinders, asbestos/cement, acoustical and magnesia products. Significant restructuring has occurred over the years as the company shifted from production of asbestos products to other types of building materials, such as fibre glass and forest products. Since 2001, the Johns-Manville Company has been owned by Berkshire Hathaway.

The company began operations in Canada in 1918 in Asbestos, Quebec, where the Jeffrey Asbestos Mine was located. A Canadian plant opened in Port Union, Scarborough Township, in 1956, and another in North Bay, Ontario, in 1957. Both of these plants have since closed. The company currently has two plants in Canada, in Innisfail, Alberta, and Cornwall, Ontario.


Why is, in developed nations, foreign trade policy favoured to direct income redistribution to counteract rising income inequality resulting from globalisation? Foreign trade theory suggests that a politician's wisest policy was to capture all welfare gains from free trade and to redistribute some of the winners' gains to the losers. By implementing votes and budget maximisation goals of a politician into the analysis, it is shown that, in fact, it might be politically reasonable to redistribute income indirectly through trade policy. However, this will be identified as a potential rationality trap demanding for institutional changes of the global trade architecture.


: Through learning, the subject is inserted in a more organized way in the cultural and symbolic world that embodies society. This article aims to analyze the contribution of psychopedagogical care in the rehabilitation and habilitation of children with disabilities in the Integrated Rehabilitation Center (CEIR), in Teresina - PI. Its specific objectives are: to demonstrate learning from the psychopedagogical perspective, to understand the psychopedagogical work in a High Complexity Center and; cite strategies used in the psychopedagogical care of CEIR. The methodology was based on a qualitative bibliographic and documentary study and a descriptive and


Parametric cost models can be used by designers and project managers to compare cost between major architectural cost drivers and allow high-level design trades; enable cost-benefit analysis for technology development investment; and, provide a basis for estimating total project cost between related concepts. The NASA Marshall Space Flight Center has developed a 5-parameter first-article optical telescope assembly cost model OTA$ (FY17) = $20M x 30 (S/G) x D (1.7) x λ (-0.5) x T (-0.25) x e (-0.028) (Y-1960) Where S/G = 1 for space and 0 for ground telescopes, D = diameter, λ = diffraction limited wavelength, T = operating temperature and Y = year of development. The model explains 92% (Adjusted R2) of the cost variation in a database of 47 total ground and space telescope assemblies (OTA). The MSFC model estimates the most likely cost for only the OTA. Where an OTA is defined as the subsystem which collects electromagnetic radiation and focuses it (focal) or concentrates it (afocal) into the science instruments. An OTA consists of the primary mirror, secondary mirror, auxiliary optics and support structure (such as optical bench or truss structure, primary support structure, secondary support structure or spiders, straylight baffles, mechanisms for adjusting the optical components, electronics or power systems for operating these mechanisms, etc.). Finally, duplication only reduces cost for the manufacture of identical systems (i.e. multiple aperture sparse arrays or interferometers). And, while duplication does reduce the cost of manufacturing the mirrors of segmented primary mirror, this cost savings does not appear to manifest itself in the final primary mirror assembly (presumably because the structure for a segmented mirror is more complicated than for a monolithic mirror).


Because of a few characteristics of complex product, such as the variety of its components, and the structural complexity and so on, the realization of the rapid design of complex product requires a combination of a variety of theories and methods that support product's rapid design. Therefore, this study assesses complex products and puts forward a new rapid design method based on general structure model and reusable parts resource. First of all, the characteristics and implementation process of this method is summarized. Then, the general structure model of the complex product family is established on the basis of modular thoughts, and the definitions of the four vari-size grained abstract concepts are discussed in this model and its semantic relationships as well. The configuration design of the complex products is based on this general structural model, and with the increase of networked product design information, and more and more manufacturing enterprises have build up their own web-based component repositories to store those detailed design information. On account of those, the rapid design process of the complex product is introduced, with configuration design and reusable parts resource as the core. At last, an application example (i.e. the conventional beam pumping unit) is presented to verify the feasibility of which discussed above.


Significant advances in radiological techniques have led to improved care of ill and injured children in the Emergency Department. This work reviews the most recent findings on the still-controversial value of imaging for the diagnosis and treatment of acute scrotal and abdominal pain in the pediatric age group. The role of color Doppler ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of suspected testicular torsion is stressed, especially in low-risk patients, as are the diagnostic benefits of sonography in children with possible intussusception – where the yield of plain films is low -provided that operator training is sound. The typical imaging pictures are described, and the place of imaging in the therapeutic armamentarium is weighed against other available modalities. In addition, the advantages and limitations of ultrasound and computed tomography in the diagnosis of suspected appendicitis are discussed, together with the possibility of their combined use. MeSH Words: Imaging, intussusception, testicular torsion, appendicitis


Cloud computing is the emerging trend in distributing computing that facilitates software applications, platform, and hardware infrastructures as a service. Cloud service providers offer these services based on Service Level Agreements (SLAs) which defines user's required Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. Workflow scheduling is one of the major problems in cloud systems. A good scheduling algorithm must minimize the completion time and cost of workflow application along with QoS requirements of the user. Deadline constrained workflow scheduling model is proposed in this paper to execute workflows with manageable cost and priority while meeting the deadline constraint. Deadline is defined as the latest time by which all the tasks should be completed. The proposed model uses Earliest Finish (EF) to find the deadline and job schedule assignment algorithm to define the paths which is used to schedule the tasks. The proposed model reduces the execution cost and completes the application workflows within the available deadline. This paper extends our earlier work on Artificial Bee Colony algorithm to schedule workflow jobs within the deadline while optimizing the cost and the completion time. The proposed model has been simulated using CloudSim toolkit, and the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm meets the deadline constraint while minimising exhibits less completion time, and also within manageable cost.


PIRO BAND is a library for bidiagonal reduction of unsymmetric banded matrices and tridiagonal reduction of symmetric banded matrices. It supports both real and complex matrices stored in packed band format. The software also can handle single and double precision arithmetic with 32-bit and 64-bit integers. We provide both a C library and MATLAB callable interfaces. The library is about 2 to 7 times faster than LAPACK's band reduction routines. It is about twice as fast as the SBR toolbox for larger matrices.