Biplot is a useful graphical method to explore simultaneously rows and columns of two-way data matrix. In particular, canonical correlation biplot is a method for investigating two sets of variables and observations in canonical correlation analysis graphically. For more than three sets of variables, we can apply the generalized canonical correlation biplot in generalized canonical correlation analysis which is an expansion of the canonical correlation analysis. On the other hand, we consider the set of covariate variables which is affecting the linearly two sets of variables. In this case, if we apply the generalized canonical correlation biplot, we cannot clearly interpret the other two sets of variables due to the effect of the set of covariate variables. Therefor, in this paper, we will apply the partial canonical correlation analysis of Rao (1969) removing the linear effect of the set of covariate variables on two sets of variables. We will suggest the partial canonical correlation biplot for inpreting the partial canonical correlation analysis graphically.


Synthetic Aperture Radar three-dimensional (SAR 3D) imaging technology can eliminate severe overlap in 2D images, and improve target recognition and 3D modeling capabilities, which have become an important trend in SAR development. After decades of development of SAR 3D imaging technology, many types of 3D imaging methods have been proposed. In this study, the history of SAR 3D imaging technology is systematically reviewed and the characteristics of existing SAR 3D imaging technology are analyzed. Given that the 3D information contained in SAR echo and images is not fully used by existing techniques, a new concept of SAR microwave vision 3D imaging has been proposed for the first time. This new concept is integrated with microwave scattering mechanism and image visual semantics to realize three-dimensional reconstruction, which form the theory and method of SAR microwave vision 3D imaging and can achieve high-efficiency and low-cost SAR 3D imaging. This study also analyzes the concept, goal and key scientific problems of SAR microwave vision 3D imaging and provides a preliminary solution, which will contribute in several ways to our understanding of SAR 3D imaging and provide the basis for further research.


Inguinal herniation is not a rare occurrence in cattle, there are on average one to two cases per year in the authors' experience, and surgical management is required if the goal is correction of the problem. Bovine inguinal hernias are classified as either congenital or acquired. Acquired hernias are further differentiated as direct or indirect depending on pathogenesis and whether or not there is damage to the tunic. Two surgical approaches are described below and can be successfully utilized for repair. Following surgery and recovery, bulls often return to breeding without incident.


Graphic presentation of the results in the form of color lay-outs or functional dependence diagrams makes it considerably easier to perceive new information and contributes to a more sophisticated and efficient analysis of complicated processes and phenomena. This becomes particularly important in the course of processing big 3D arrays that one has to deal with mainly when implementing computational simulation or processing experimental or analytic data. The existing visualization systems are characterized by a number of limitations. The main limitations are a maximal visualized data array size and bad 3D data distribution presentation. That's why the GDT Software Group has developed a new visualization system ScientificVR ® (SVR) offering numerous facilities and devoid of all the limitations typical for other systems. The main SVR advantages are: 3D voxel graphics, stereoscopic visualization, visualized data array size limit absence (this is of especial importance for data obtained from parallel computation systems) and on-the-fly visualization possibility. Voxel is a 3D analogue of pixel. The voxel is semitransparent, and its color is defined by the visualized function value. Voxels transparency allows the user to see the function distribution in the whole 3D area, not only in selected sections. Transparency can be adjusted to provide the most informative visualization. Stereoscopic visualization allows creating stereo images and animations. Stereo presentation is much more effective than usual and makes the data analysis process more comfortable. The visualized data array size limit absence is provided by means of a special data averaging procedure, which is to be done on parallel computation nodes by means of controlled downsampling procedure. As a result the maximal size of visualized data depends on the amount of RAM in a parallel computation system only. Required RAM size on the computation system rendering a visual presentation depends on the resolution of a resulting image only. Special programming strategy, including SDK, was developed to implement such behavior in an assumed, user-developed parallel application. This article is devoted to description of development ways of a new visualization system, working on various distributed computing systems with a random user application. The most prospective and efficient way to develop the new visualization system on the basis of a SVR visualization system, developed by the GDT Software Group is proposed.


Editorial for "Diagnosis of Marginal Infiltration in Soft Tissue Sarcoma by Radiomics Approach Using T2-Weighted Dixon Sequence" Defining the exact boundaries between tumor and surrounding healthy structures is one of the most ambitious goals of oncologic imaging. Together with the technological improvements applied to radiology observed during the last decades, images resolution has constantly increased in crosssectional studies. Despite that, we are very far away from the exact depiction of real tumor borders. For several malignancies, the achievement of this goal should be of great help. Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) are unquestionably one of those. STS are a rare group of malignancies, representing only the 0.7%–1% and the 4%–8%, respectively, of adult and pediatric cancers. Despite their rarity, STS are a very heterogeneous group of malignancies with more than 50 histological subtypes. This heterogeneity is reflected in a wide range of biological behaviors and different imaging features. Surgical excision is still the mainstay of treatment for STS. If wide margins of resection are obtained, including the normal surrounding tissues, patients' prognosis improves significantly. This is much more important in those STS subtypes with infiltrative behaviors. In some of these neoplasms, marginal infiltration is the main clinical problem. Indeed, while in the whole STS group, the rate of local recurrence is approximately 7%–24%, in some specific histotypes, this is significantly higher. Particularly, in myxofibrosarcoma, this is the main clinical issue, and the reported rate of local recurrence after excision varies from 22% to 79% irrespective of grade, depth, and size. MRI is the best imaging modality for preoperative planning in these patients. Moreover, MRI can provide several information useful for patients' prognosis prediction. There are several MRI features that are well-recognized signs of surrounding structures infiltration in all STS subtypes. The recognition of an infiltrative growth pattern with ill-defined tumor borders has been classically described as one of these features. Moreover, the presence of peritumoral enhancement after gadolinium injection is another sign of marginal infiltration in STS, strongly correlated with worst outcome. A peculiar type of peritumoral enhancement is the so-called MRI tail sign, defined as a thin curvilinear tumoral projection usually along the fascial plane. This sign can be detected on MRI studies of patients affected by myxofibrosarcoma or less commonly by undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, and it is associated with an increased risk of local recurrence after excision. Moreover, as the "tail" length can be very long it can dramatically change the surgical approach to include the whole tumor within the margins of resection. Indubitably, the recognition of these features requires a lot of experience, and, due to the rarity of STS, this can be achieved mainly in specialized sarcoma referral centers. On the contrary, novel radiomics analyses provide quantitative data extracted from images, with the goal to be more objective than the classic semantic features. Moreover, radiomics features provide information that go beyond the human eye capability. The application of radiomics in medical images is increasing constantly and is able to provide significant improvements to oncologic imaging, even in rare tumors such as STS. In the current issue of "Lee et al" a novel research on this field is presented. The authors applied radiomics analyses for the above-mentioned ambitious aim of defining marginal infiltration. The paper is important for the clinical impact that future similar tools may offer in STS management. Moreover, the research is technically interesting for the sequence used for radiomics features extraction: T2-weighted Dixon. Nonetheless, the region of interest for the analyses was not only represented by the tumor volume but also by the surrounding tissues that were specifically included within the semiautomatic segmentation. The proposed semiautomatic segmentation including the apparently healthy tissue around the tumor borders may be considered as the standard approach in future radiomics analyses applied to STS. This, with the aim of detecting those "real" boundaries that cannot be assessed by the human eye capability, with the awareness that their recognition can positively impact the prognosis of these patients.


We report a method for transporting foreign substances into a desired living cell through the use of laser trapping. A single giant DNA molecule can be delivered into a cytoplasmic space if the DNA is folded into a compact state. We also find that microparticles of zeolite are very effective as a vehicle for transferring foreign compounds into a living cell by optical manipulation.


The dc power generation system based on permanent-magnet generator and active rectifier is considered. The main energy characteristics of generation system performance are obtained


The problem of optimization of parameters of a shock isolator with preview control is addressed. The isolator consists of a linear spring and a quadratic unidirectional damper. It is proved that damping leads to substantially improved shock isolation in comparison with an isolator with preview control without a damper. In engineering we frequently address the need for the design of shock isolators. The shock isolator is a device, which protects people or equipment from mechanical shocks (impacts). For instance, when a helicopter falls because of failure of an engine, the shock isolator, placed between the floor of the helicopter and the pilot's seat, protects the pilot from the shock against the ground. The shock isolator allows displacement of an object being protected relative to a base and generates a control force, which is not supposed to affect normal functioning of the object. The shock isolators can be divided into two groups: traditional isolators and isolators with preview control. The traditional isolators are engaged simultaneously with the initiation of the impact. These isolators are in wide use. The isolators with preview control are engaged before the impact occurs. In the case of the helicopter the pilot or a device connected to a sensor is able to engage the shock isolator before the impact against the ground occurs. Isolators with preview control are not in common use yet, but it has been proven (1) that they are considerably more effective then traditional ones. Typically, the effectiveness of the shock isolators is characterized by two criteria. The first is the maximum force applied by the isolator to the object being protected. This force determines the functioning of the object. The second criterion is the maximum displacement of the object relative to the base. It is responsible for the overall dimensions of the isolator. A problem of shock isolator design is to search for parameters of the shock isolator, for which the maximum displacement of the object is minimized while the maximum force applied to the object is constrained not to exceed a prescribed level. During the design process it is important to know the limiting performance of the shock isolator irrespective of a particular parameter configuration of the isolator. The limiting performance is characterized by an absolute minimum of the maximum displacement of the object, while satisfying the force constraint. This information allows assessment of the effectiveness of design configurations of the isolator.


Aiming at the conductor for burr of medium voltage crosslinking cable electrical performance,analyzes the influence of conductor burr causes and solutions.


Purpose To evaluate the value of real - time contrast-enhanced ultrasonograpgy in hepatic tumors. Methods Thirty patients with 35 hepatic solid lesions were examined by real - time contrast - enhanced ultrasonography, including 16 primary liver malignant tumors, 4 metastatic liver tumors, 5 focal nodular hyperplasias, 9 hemangiomas and 1 cirrhotic nodule. All cases were confirmed by histopathology. The ultrasound unit (Esaote Megas) with real-time contrast-enhanced technique was used. The contrast agent used was SonoVue (Bracco, Italy). Results After injection of SonoVue, all lesions were enhanced on real-time ultrasonogram. Three patterns of enhancement were observed according to dynamic enhanced model: holistic enhanced pattern, peripheral enhanced pattern, and central enhanced pattern. The homogeneous enhanced pattern, rim- like enhanced pattern and inhomogeneous enhanced pattern in the hepatic tumors were shown at the peak volume of enhancement. The holistic and inhomogeneous enhancements were mosdy shown in primary malignant tumors, the peripheral and rim - like enhancements were mostly shown in hemangiomas, and the central and homogeneous enhancements were mostly shown in focal nodular hyperplasias. Conclusion The hemodynamic changes in various hepatic lesions will be reflected by real - time contrast - enhanced ultrasonograph and the accuracy in the diagnosis of liver tumors will be improved.


ABSTRACT Homegardens are an important consideration in terms of biodiversity and yet their significance is often unrecognized. This study compared home gardens in two different ecologies to evaluate crop species diversity. Evaluations were made by questionnaires and inspections of home gardens in two different ecological areas; the mountainous Khamin protected area and the Bavi hilly-plain area. Results showed unsatisfactory species diversity in home gardens: from a total of 192 observed home gardens, the highest mean species richness (12.84) was in a village on the hilly - plains ecological area and the least (1.71) was in a village in the mountainous Khamin area. Villages in the mountainous ecology were less developed. None of the three predefined categories (divisions) demonstrated any specific trend, in the division of vegetable and summer crops and there was little difference between the villages. However in the division of fruit trees and shrubs, villages in the hilly-plain ecology showed significantly more diversity and this division was the first component of home gardens, however, it was less remarkable in the mountainous ecological area (Shannon – Weiner diversity index for this group was up to 1.5 in all villages on the hilly-plain compared to an evaluation of less than 1 in all villages in the mountainous ecology). The division of other homegarden crops showed that total species richness was low especially in the mountainous area ecology and inventories on the Shannon – Weiner index showed the maximum score of 0.73 from one of the villages as 97 crop species relating to 51 families. Only 33 crop species were found in the mountainous Khamin ecology and evaluation by the Sorenson similarity index indicated low ecological similarities between the two ecological areas with the score of 0.49


Objective: To evaluated the treatment results of late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for Stage Ⅲ and Ⅳa nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: One hundred patients with Stage Ⅲ and Ⅳa nasopharyngeal carcinoma were randomized into two groups. The late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group received the induction chemotherapy for two cycles, followed by conventional fractionation radiotherapy to a dose 40 gray, than changed into accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy to a total dose of 70 gray, and used another two cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. The conventional fractionation radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group received the chemotherapy that it similar to the late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group, and used the conventional fractionation radiotherapy to a total dose of 70 gray. Results: The 2 year overall survival rate were 83.6% in late coursed with accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combine chemotherapy group and 79.7% in conventional fractionation radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group, had no significant difference (P 0.05). The 2 year disease free survival rate were 76.5% in late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group and 59.1% in conventional fractionation radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group (P 0.05). The 2 year local regional free recurrence rate were 90.0% in late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group and 69.7% in conventional fractionation radiotherapy group (P 0.05). There were the cranial nerves complications in two patients of the late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group. Conclusions: The results from this study show that the 2 year disease free survival rate and the 2 year local regional free recurrence rate in late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group was significant better than in conventional fractionation radiotherapy group, but the radiation induced damage to the cranial nerves was improved in late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy group, the long term survival rate and the late complication need follow up further.


Unwanted fires account for significant losses to life and property. In the UK about 600 lives are lost each year, and the cost of unwanted fire has been estimated at about 1% of the UK's gross domestic product. The vast majority of unwanted fires are fuelled by organic polymers, and as manufacturing technology has advanced, there has been a rapid shift from natural polymers (contained in wood, cotton, leather and wool) to synthetic polymers. Synthetic polymers are generally more flammable than their natural counterparts, polyethylene, polypropylene or polystyrene have calorific values comparable to petroleum. However, unlike natural polymers which can only be fire retarded by coatings or other surface treatments, the manufacturing process of most plastic materials is ideal for the incorporation of fire retardants.


An extension of the coordination specication language Paradigm is presented. In this set-up Paradigm models cater for multiple managers sharing the coordination of a set of common employees. A transition system semantics for the language is provided, that allows for reasoning about such constructions as delegation and selfmanagement in matrix and general network organizations. An elaborated example illustrates the expressiveness of the proposed version of Paradigm.


Salt stress is considered as a major limiting factor for plant growth and crop productivity. The present study was conducted to investigate whether using nitric oxide (NO) molecule could alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress in maize (Zea mays L.) seedling. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used at 60 µM concentration, as NO donor in the nutrient solution of maize seedlings grown with three concentrations of NaCl (0.0, 150 and 200 mM). Leaf samples were collected on the 7th and 15th day after NaCl treatment. Chlorophyll contents and lipid peroxidation gave different values under salt stress. The NO treated seedling showed high content of proline, phenolic and flavonoid. Nitric oxide induced an increase in antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities. These data indicated that the exogenous NO application is useful way to mitigate the salinity-induced oxidative stress in maize seedling.


ABSTRACT The war in Syria led to one of the worst refugee crises experienced by the Middle East in recent decades. Its scope is unprecedented and has far-reaching implications not only for Syria or what remains of it, but for the receiving countries as well. In some cases, such as Lebanon or Jordan, the mass of newcomers may have an unsettling and disruptive effect on the demography of their host country. Syrian Refugees who found shelter in neighbouring countries may be able to return home or, alternatively, they may be able to be absorbed relatively easily in their current places of residence. With regard to the refugees in Europe, it is doubtful that they will ever return to their homeland, and, in any case, the Syrian regime is not at all interested in their return. Thus, for many more years even after the war in Syria ends, the problem of the refugees will undoubtedly remain complex, unresolved and an enduring burden on the host countries. Abbreviation: EU: European Union; ISIS: the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria; PPS: the Syrian National Party; SNC: Syrian National Council; UN: United Nations; UNCHR: the UN High commisioner for Refugees


This paper discusses a 5.2-0 Ma high-resolution terrigenous particle size record recovered from a sediment drift off East Antarctica. The particle size properties of Hole 1165B are interpreted in the context of previously acquired data on a continental shelf to slope transect drilled by ODP Leg 188 in Prydz Bay and the Cooperation Sea. The new data indicate that the Lambert ice stream stayed predominantly landward of the shelf break in the early Pliocene (5.2-3.5 Ma) with periods of ice sheet recession on land. The middle Pliocene (3.5-3.1 Ma) is characterized as major ice expansion during glacials with deposition of laminated clays from meltwater plumes on the continental rise, alternating with periods of ice recession. A change in sedimentary facies and a decrease in sedimentation rates occurred at ~3.1 Ma indicating a more retreated Lambert Glacier. Between 2.5 and 1 Ma the ice stream was generally stable and had become cold-based with ice flow in a glacial trough extending to the shelf break. Three-four large pulses of coarse-grained glacigenic debris mark the record at ~1 Ma. These are interpreted as extensive calving due to decoupling of the marine terminus from its bed in response to Northern Hemisphere deglaciations and associated sea level rises. Citation: Passchier, S. (2007), East Antarctic ice-sheet dynamics between 5.2 and 0 Ma from a high-resolution terrigenous particle size record, ODP Site 1165, Prydz Bay-Cooperation Sea, in Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World – Online Proceedings of the 10 ISAES, edited by A.K. Cooper and C.R. Raymond et al., USGS Open-File Report 2007-1047, Short Research Paper 043, 4 p.; doi:103133/of2007-1047.srp043 Introduction Recently, several authors have proposed an Antarctic component as an explanation for Pliocene-Pleistocene proxy records of ice volume and eustasy (Naish, 1997; Lambeck et al., 2002; Chappell, 2002; Raymo et al., 2006). Traditionally, the correlation of ice-rafted debris (IRD) and fluctuations in the δ 18 O record in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) were cited as evidence for a NH dominance of changes in global ice volume since ~ 3 Ma. However, interpretations of IRD records are complex, because sea level as an external control can force marinegrounded ice sheets and glaciers to disintegrate through the process of decoupling. As a result, both the δ 18 O and the IRD signal of a deep-sea core can be forced by an ice sheet situated at considerable distance. Studies of sedimentary records of high-latitude continental margins are, therefore, essential in reconstructions of the cryosphere and to ground truth interpretations of climate and sea level proxies. One objective of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 188 was to investigate the Neogene history of the East Antarctic ice sheet by drilling a continental shelf to rise transect off Prydz Bay, East Antarctica (Figure 1). The Prydz Bay area is the depocenter for sediment supplied by the Lambert Glacier, which drains about 12 % of the total East Antarctic ice volume and is therefore very sensitive to changes in its mass balance. In order to reconstruct the record of Neogene expansions of the Lambert Glacier, three sites were drilled off Prydz Bay. Site 1166 was situated on the continental shelf, Site 1167 on the Prydz Channel trough-mouth fan, and Site 1165 penetrated a contourite sediment drift on the continental rise (Shipboard Scientific Party, 2001). Sites 1167 and 1166 yielded a late Pliocene-present record of ice-stream behavior (Passchier et al., 2003). Iceproximal strata carry valuable direct evidence of glaciation, but their chronology is poor and the sequences are riddled by hiatuses. The off-shore strata at Site 1165 are more continuous, but the records are not as easy to interpret because of the effects of oceanographic processes and a decreased sediment supply during times of glacial recession when sediment is trapped inland. Here terrigenous particle size data of Site 1165 are interpreted in the context of previous studies on ice-proximal strata to reconstruct the glacial dynamics in a land to sea transect over the past 5.2 million years. Figure 1. Location of drillsites in Prydz Bay and the Cooperation Sea. Leg 188 Sites in red. Adapted from: doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.119.102.1989 10 International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences 2 Materials and methods A total of 208 samples between 0 and 54.17 mbsf were analyzed to provide a high-resolution terrigenous particle size record for Site 1165 (Figure 2). Sediments in this interval of core are characterized as three facies (Shipboard Scientific Party, 2001). Facies 1 consists of structureless yellowish gray to brown diatom clay with locally abundant foraminifera. This facies dominates the core interval between ~1.5 and ~23 mbsf. Facies 2 consists of interbedded 2-5 m thick units of greenish gray diatom-bearing clay, and dark grayish brown diatombearing clay. This facies assemblage is mainly found below ~23 mbsf. The dark grayish brown units are laminated between ~25 and ~33 mbsf. Facies 3 consists of diatom ooze and is only present in two short intervals in the upper 1.5 m of the core and at ~14 mbsf. The samples were pretreated with 30% H2O2, 10% HCl, and 0.2 M NaOH solution, to remove biogenic components and to preserve only the terrigenous silicate fraction. Samples were dispersed by heating with sodium pyrophosphate and cooled. Grain-size distributions were measured on a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 laser particle sizer with a size range of 0.2-2000 μm. Previously published data on the clay mineralogy of the same strata at Site 1165 (Junttila et al., 2005) and the sedimentology of Sites 1166 and 1167 (Passchier et al., 2003) are integrated in the sedimentological interpretation of the particle size results. The age model applied here is that of Warnke et al. (2004) adjusted towards the Gradstein et al. (2004) chronology. Table 1. Average clay, silt, and sand % in the terrigenous fraction of each facies, Hole 1165B. Facies % Clay % Silt % Sand 1 43 49 9 2 greenish gray 35 53 12 2 dark gray 33 55 12 2 – laminated 50 47 3 3 49 43 8 Results The structureless greenish gray and dark gray diatombearing clays of Facies 2 generally have a larger silt (4-63 μm) and sand (63-2000 μm) component than the yellowbrown diatom clay of Facies 1 (Table 1). The average particle size results do not show a significant difference between the structureless greenish gray and dark gray diatom-bearing clays of Facies 2. The terrigenous fraction of Facies 3, the diatom ooze and the laminated diatom clays of Facies 2 are clay-rich (< 4 μm). The upper 54 mbsf of Site 1165 can be subdivided into 4 sections based on particle-size properties (Figure 2). From bottom to top: section I (54-35 mbsf) represents relatively silt-rich sediments. Despite the fact that the two different colored beds on average do not show a significant difference in grain-size distribution, 2-5 m scale fluctuations in grain-size are visible. Both normal grading and reverse grading is present. Some sand-rich spikes occur in the lower half of the interval and are associated with poor sorting of the fraction < 125 μm. A dramatic change in grain-size parameters is obvious at ~ 35 mbsf between Section I and the overlying Section II (35-17 mbsf). Section II is characterized by higher clay percentages. Laminated interbeds (Facies 2) in this section are moderately sorted and some silt peaks with up to 87 % silt occur. Towards the top of the interval the sand % increases and the sorting of the fraction < 125 μm decreases. This trend abruptly terminates at 17 mbsf. Section III (17-9 mbsf) is characterized by relatively wellsorted silty clays with < 12% sand and an upward decreasing trend to < 5% sand in the upper half of the interval. Section IV (9-0.5 mbsf) shows an increase in sand % and coinciding peaks of poorly sorted fine fraction. The uppermost portion of Section IV at 0.5-0 mbsf is characterized by a sharp increase in clay %. Sedimentological interpretation The large silt-sized terrigenous component and poor sorting of the sediments in Section I is indicative of a large supply of glacial rock flour produced by abrasion of crystalline basement. The sediments in Section I can therefore be attributed to a wet-based glacier. Cyclical gradational changes in color and particle size are typical of high-latitude deep-water contourites (Ehrmann and Grobe, 1991; Pudsey, 2000). The silt and sand-rich beds are associated with high smectite contents in the clay fraction (Junttila et al., 2005) indicating glacial recession, if the smectite formed under conditions of chemical weathering in the foreland of a glacier. In constrast, the clay rich beds contain mainly illite, which is supplied by physical erosion of crystalline basement, or by reworking of pre-existing marine sediments upon glacial expansion. The particle size of Section II marks deposition of sediment from a glacier supplying mainly mud. In this interval, the dark gray diatom-bearing clays are locally laminated. The laminated beds are clay-rich and contain abundant illite (Junttila et al., 2005). No obvious graded beds are present, but sedimentation rates are high. Therefore, deposition from meltwater-generated sediment plumes from glacial ice situated at the shelf break is the most likely interpretation (Pudsey, 2000). The structureless interbeds between the laminated intervals have higher sand content and contain more smectite. These intervals represent phases of glacial recession when supply of glacigenic mud plumes is low and only icebergs reach the site. The laminated beds at Site 1165 can be interpreted as glacial sediments and the structureless smectite-rich interbeds as interglacial sediments (Pudsey, 2000). Towards the top of Section II the relative abundance of IRD increases due to low background sedimentation rates. Smectite % declines upsection (Junttila et al., 2005) indicating that chemical weathering decreased as well. The transition in se


The use of conventional tin-lead (SnPb) in circuit board manufacturing is under ever-increasing political scrutiny due to increasing regulations concerning lead. The "Restriction of Hazardous Substances" (RoHS) directive enacted by the European Union (EU) and a pact between the United States National Electronics Manufacturing Initiative (NEMI), Europe's Soldertec at Tin Technology Ltd. and the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) are just two examples where worldwide legislative actions and partnerships/agreements are affecting the electronics industry. As a result, many global commercial-grade electronic component suppliers are initiating efforts to transition to lead-free (Pb-free) in order to retain their worldwide market. Pb-free components are likely to find their way into the inventory of aerospace or military assembly processes under current government acquisition reform initiatives. Inventories "contaminated" by Pb-free will result in increased risks associated with the manufacturing, product reliability, and subsequent repair of aerospace and military electronic systems. Although electronics for military and aerospace applications are not included in the RoHS legislation, engineers are beginning to find that the commercial industry's move towards RoHS compliance has affected their supply chain and changed their parts. Most parts suppliers plan to phase out their non-compliant, leaded production and many have already done so. As a result, the ability to find leaded components is getting harder and harder. Some buyers are now attempting to acquire the remaining SnPb inventory, if it's not already obsolete. Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), depots, and support contractors have to be prepared to deal with an electronics supply chain that increasingly provides more and more parts with Pb-free finishes-some labeled no differently than their Pb counterparts-while at the same time providing the traditional Pb parts. The longer the transition period, the greater the likelihood of Pb-free parts inadvertently being mixed with Pb parts and ending up on what are supposed to be Pb systems. As a result, OEMs, depots, and support contractors need to take action now to either abate the influx of Pb-free parts, or accept it and deal with the likely interim consequences of reduced reliability due to a wide variety of matters, such as Pb contamination, high temperature incompatibility, and tin whiskering. Allowance of Pb-free components produces one of the greatest risks to the reliability of a weapon system. This is due to new and poorly understood failure mechanisms, as well as unknown long-term reliability. If the decision is made to consciously allow Pb-free solder and component finishes into SnPb electronics, additional effort (and cost) will be required to make the significant number of changes to drawings and task order procedures. This project is a follow-on effort to the Joint Council on Aging Aircraft/Joint Group on Pollution Prevention (JCAA/JG-PP) Pb-free Solder Project which was the first group to test the reliability of Pb-free solder joints against the requirements of the aerospace and military community.


Research in Distance Learning continues to indicate that interactions greatly enhance education at a distance (Willis, 1995; Moore, 1989; Hillman, 1994 & 1999; Harasim, 1990). The University of South Florida has created successful interactive learning communities using an asynchronous model. However, this is not sufficient to alleviate the isolation that many online learners feel. Therefore, a blended model combining asynchronous and synchronous methods to connect students, instructors, and educational content in rich, online learning communities, is a next step. We compared the many online synchronous learning solutions available in the market on their ability to meet both our technical and pedagogical needs. The results support the idea that our university is ready for a synchronous solution and targets two systems in detail. These two systems were narrowed from a large field and piloted in an online classroom situation with instructors, guest speakers and students. Synchronous Distance Education Systems, Why Do We Need One? In 1996, McIsaac and Gunawardena stated "distance education, structured learning in which the student and instructor are separated by time and place, is currently the fastest growing form of domestic and international education. What was once considered a special form of education using nontraditional delivery systems, is now becoming an important concept in mainstream education (pg. 403)." Due to the advances in technology, distance education is growing at an even faster rate. However, many educational researchers discuss the fact that lack of interaction has long been and still is a drawback of distance learning courses (McIsaac & Gunawardena, 1996; McNabb, 1994; Milbank, 1994; Sherry, 1996). Until recently, reliable technology has not been widely available to alleviate this problem. Research in distance learning continues to emphasize the importance of interaction for effective teaching (Anderson, 1995; Fuller & Zhang, 1993; Garrison, 2001; Hillman, 1994 & 1999; McIsaac, 1999; Moore & Kearsley, 1996; Sherry, 1998; Wagner, 1994). However, most distance education methods, even real time solutions such as two-way video and audio, try to emulate lecture hall models of instruction. These methods suffer from long standing pedagogical problems, namely the lack of active student participation and effective interaction. To assuage these problems, many instructors are adding asynchronous computer communications (CMC) to traditional distance learning technologies (McIsaac & Gunawardena, 1996; Burge & Howard, 1990). At USF and many other institutions, the largest majority of distance courses now use online asynchronous tools, possibly in conjunction with streaming video or other media enhancements. However, interaction between students and instructors is still not sufficient to alleviate the isolation and often frustrations distance students' experience. Research shows that this isolation can be a serious detriment to learning in many cases (Besser & Donahue, 1996; Cookson, 1989; Galusha, 1997; Hara & Khling 1999; Kahl & Cropley, 1986; Kubala, 1998; Lever-Duffy, et. al., 1996; Lockett, 1998; Soles & Moller, 2001; Twigg, 1997) Studies indicate that interactions between students and instructors as well as student-to-student interaction greatly enhance education at a distance by improving attitudes, encouraging earlier completion of coursework, better performance on tests, and greater retention (Willis, 1995; Moore, 1989; Hillman, 1994 & 1999; Harasim, 1990). A discussion of some important distance education research on the subject of interaction was written by Dr. Barry Willis (1995) (http://www.uidaho.edu/eo/distglan.html). Willis reports, "Many distant learners require support and guidance to make the most of their distance learning experiences (Threlkeld & Brzoska, 1994). This support typically takes the form of some combination of student-instructor and student-student interaction. Research findings on the need for interaction have produced some important guidelines for instructors organizing courses for distant students: • Learners value timely feedback regarding course assignments, exams, and projects (Egan, et al., 1991). • Learners benefit significantly from their involvement in small learning groups. These groups provide support and encouragement along with extra feedback on course assignments. Most importantly, the groups foster the feeling that if help is needed it is readily available. • Learners are more motivated if they are in frequent contact with the instructor. More structured contact might be utilized as a motivational tool (Coldeway, et al., 1980). • Utilization of on-site facilitators who develop a personal rapport with students and who are familiar with equipment and other course materials increases student satisfaction with courses (Burge & Howard, 1990). • The use of technologies such as fax machines, computers, and telephones can also provide learner support and interaction opportunities." Historically, technologies that increase interaction have been expensive, difficult to use and not often utilized. With the advances of technology and the highly prolific use of the Internet, distance learning is changing. It is now feasible to incorporate interactive instruction using a new model of distributed learning that combines asynchronous online learning with online synchronous solutions. USF has taken substantial strides to create learning communities that incorporate many of the above-mentioned interactions and significant progress has been made in our asynchronous online instructional environments. However, we still need a solution that adds the synchronous interaction many students require to complete their learning experience. A model, which combines both asynchronous and synchronous learning to connect students, instructors, and educational content in rich, online learning communities, is our next logical step. The desired outcome of using these synchronous communication tools is to add value of interaction over "mere" content. This will enable social-constructionist and collaborative approaches to learning, provide access to a sense of community that is not currently available to distance students, and integrate communication into the structure of courses resulting in students actively able to negotiate communication situations and increased technology literacy. One model suggested by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is labeled the 80/20 model (Danchak, 1999). In their model, approximately 80% of a student's time is spent on self-paced engagement of online materials and about 20% in interactive, synchronous learning sessions with the instructor and other students. The percentages given are of course flexible, and should be adjusted to meet optimal allocations of time between synchronous and asynchronous components. This ratio is a function of several variables including the nature of the course content, the age of the students, development costs, and faculty. Rensselaer facilitates their program with Learnlinc, an online synchronous courseware solution. Other universities have chosen different solutions. The current market provides USF with many options to choose from for our online synchronous classroom and web-conferencing needs. This paper will outline some of those systems and will be used to inform the selection process to determine the best solution for the USF environment. What follows is a list of advantages and disadvantages to moving into the synchronous arena flowed by a description of desired product features.


R chemical plant tissue tests have been found .useful in studying the time and rate of nutrient absorption by plants, the effect of the absorption of one nutrient on that of another, and in determining the range in concentration of a specific nutrient in which it is not a limiting factor in growth to a particular plant (3, 4, 5, ~e).3 It has a]so been shown that, as a rule, if a given plant is able to maintain a high concentration of nutrients in its conducting tissue, there can be little doubt that the soil has supplied the nutrient requirements of the plant for those particular elements. The physiological reactions of the tobacco plant are essentially governed by such factors as rainfall and its distribution, temperature, soil conditions, and the supply of available nutrients present in the soil. In the past, a considerable part of the research carried out in connection with the production of flue-cured tobacco has dealt with such factors as the amounts, ratios, and rates of application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chlorine, sulfur, and boron. However, few attempts have been made to determine when the tobacco used plant nutrients, and how much of the individual nutrients it used during certain periods of growth: A study was made in ~939 and ~94o at the Tobacco Experiment Station, Chatham, Va., to determine (a) the effects of different forms of nitrogen on nitrogen absorption; (b) the effect of split applications of nitrogen and of potash, as well as fertilizer placement, on nutrient absorption; (c) the effect of different sources of magnesia on magnesia absorption; and (d) at what stage or stages during plant growth maximum absorption of nutrients occurs. The results of this study are herein reported.


In the design of towers for UHV power transmission line, selecting reasonable value of design wind speed concerns the structural safety of towers. Referring to the value of wind speed and design method given by existing design specifications for power transmission lines from 110 kV to 500 kV, a reliability theory based method to determine design wind speed for towers of UHV power transmission line is proposed. Firstly, the target reliability is determined; then the related parameters of design wind speed are set; finally, after comprehensively considering reliability and economic indices, the optimum design wind speed is decided. Application of the proposed method in the determination of design wind speeds for two practical UHV power transmission lines shows that the proposed method is effective.


Completeness criteria for sets of special functions Lúıs Daniel Abreu firstname.lastname@example.com Two L completeness criteria for sequences of functions written in the form f (λnx), where λn is the nth zero of another function g, are obtained. The results are illustrated with applications to sequences of special functions. Positive sums and integrals Richard Askey email@example.com Some important positive sums and integrals have been found in the last 100 plus years.A bit of history will be given, about how these inequalites were found, and some open problems will be described. Besov-Laguerre type spaces on the dual of the Laguerre hypergroup Miloud Assal email@example.com Using the dual product formula of the Laguerre polynomials given by H.T. Koornwinder. We establish some new harmonic analysis results on usual spaces on the dual of the Laguerre hypergroup KC. We introduce the Besov-Laguerre type spaces Λp,q(K) using equivalent norms and we give some characterizations. For instance in terms of dual convolution f ∗ qψr with different kinds of smooth functions ψ or by means of the dual translation operators on KC using the differences ∆λf = Tλf − f, (λ ∈ R×N, α ≥ 0) and by means of discrete norms replacing the group R+ by the 2-powers group ∆2 = {2 ; j ∈ Z}. We introduce some results and embeddings properties of the generalized Besov-Laguerre type spaces Λp,q(K) with respect to their parameters p, q and γ. In proving these results, the main tool used is the harmonic analysis on the Laguerre hypergroup and its dual. Special Functions in Harmonic Analysis and Applications 14 d-orthogonality via generating functions. Youssef Ben Cheikh firstname.lastname@example.com Let P be the vector space of polynomials with coefficients in cb and let P ′ be its dual. We denote by 〈u, f〉 the effect of the functional u ∈ P ′ on the polynomial f ∈ P. Let {Pn}n≥0 be a sequence of polynomials in P such that degPn(x) = n for all n and let d be an arbitrary positive integer. The polynomial sequence {Pn}n≥0 is called a d-orthogonal polynomial sequence with respect to a d-dimensional functional U = (u0, · · · , ud−1) if it fulfills: { 〈uk, PmPn〉 = 0 , m > dn+ k , n ≥ 0, 〈uk, PnPdn+k〉 6= 0 , n ≥ 0, for each integer k belonging to {0, 1, . . . , d− 1}. For d = 1, we recognize the well-known notion of orthogonality. In this talk, we state a characterization theorem for d-orthogonal polynomials and we discuss a technique to construct the corresponding d-dimensional functional for which the d-orthogonality holds. Such approach is based on two linear operators having a generating function of the involved polynomials as eigenfunctions. Some examples will be considered. On powers of Stieltjes moment sequences Christian Berg email@example.com For a Bernstein function f , i.e. a function of the form


The invention discloses an apparatus for generating a controllable super-Rayleigh speckle field and a method for generating the same. The generating apparatus includes a continuous wave laser, a computer I and a computer II. Along the progressing direction of a light beam of the continuous wave laser there is successively provided with an adjustable laser attenuator, a pinhole filter, a lens, a polarizer I and a beam splitter. From the beam splitter, the light beams is divided into two light beams which progress along two different directions, and along the progressing direction of one light beam there is provided with a reflecting spatial light modulator, and along the progressing direction of the other light beam there is provided with an analyzer I, a diaphragm I, a polarizer II, a transmission type spatial light modulator, an analyzer II, a diaphragm II, a Fourier lens and a CCD camera, wherein the reflex spatial light modulator is connected to the CCD camera and the computer I, and the transmission-type spatial light modulator and the computer II are connected. According to the invention, the values of an exponential factor S and an angular index m are changed to obtain a target super-Rayleigh speckle field, so that the super-Rayleigh speckle field which has a controllable speckle size and contrast ratio is obtained.


This investigation of the temperature and illumination effects on the AlGaN/GaN HFET threshold voltage shows that it shifts about -1 V under incandescent lamp or blue LED illumination, while almost no shift takes place under red LED illumination. The temperature coefficient for the threshold voltage shift is +3.44mV/deg under the illuminations and +0.28 mV/deg in darkness. The threshold voltage variation can be attributed to a virtual back-gate effect caused by light-generated buffer layer potential variations. The expressions for the potential variation are derived using Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) statistics and the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution for the carriers and deep traps in the buffer layer. The expressions indicate that large photoresponses will occur when the electron concentration in the buffer layer is extremely small, that is, highly resistive. In semi-insulating substrates, the substrate potential varies so as to keep the trap occupation function constant. The sign and the magnitude of the threshold voltage variation are explained by the shift of the pinning energy calculated from the Fermi-Dirac distribution function.


The present invention provides a cutting method combining deep hole cutting and small well cutting, and belongs to the technical field of ore belt mining. The invention adopts a cutting process combining deep hole cutting and small well cutting, not only cancels the roadway cutting, simplifies the cutting process, and reduces cutting cost significantly, but also provides an experimental basis to realize cutting of deep hole cutting blasting, and has strong promotion and application value. Medium-length holes on both sides of the small well are cut by dual radiation center construction. Taking the small well as a free surface, delay blasting is performed from small well center to the two sides to realize medium-length hole blasting pull trough without roadway cutting, and blasting initial free surfaces are created for follow-up blasting of medium-length hole breaking ground. The long axis direction of a cutting well is perpendicular to the row surface of the cutting deep hole, and the length direction is greater than the row spacing of the cutting deep hole, therefore the deep hole blasting gets the maximum free surface, greatly enhancing the blasting success rate which can reach 100%.


Maike Christadler Indigenous skins. Indian Costumes at the Court of Wurttemberg During the carnival season of 1599, the Duke of Wurttemberg invited his princely subjects to a festivity that required their active participation. He himself showed up as a personification of "America", and his courtiers were dressed as Indians, wearing animal-skin costumes that enveloped their entire bodies, representing indigenous nakedness. The invited guests were assigned the roles of the emperors of Antiquity or, in one case, that of an admirer of the beauty and social status of "America". The spectacle is documented in a colored miniature (today in the art collection of Weimar), which shows that the Indian costumes were modeled precisely on the engravings of de Bry's "America" series, which commenced publication in the early 1590s. By appropriating the skins of the "savage" Indians, the Duke and courtiers of Wurttemberg conflated the sexual appeal of the exotic "other" with the magic protection against the threatening "other" that is implicit in the masquerade. In addition, the Duke demonstrated that he was participating in the important new discourse of ethnography, symbolically conferred the American riches to himself, and – by cross-dressing as a female – placed his guests and political partners in a position in which, according to European standards of courtship, they would be obliged to honor him.


To conveniently find parking spaces for college staffs and visitors, the university parking query system is designed based on C/S architecture. By the design of automatically obtaining parking information based on image processing technology and the design of parking information inquiry, the system enables parking information exchange between Android mobile devices and Web server. It could improve the efficiency of parking spaces and also reduce the time spending on finding parking space.


DESCRIPTION
Update and refinement of the 2003 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on dietary counseling for adults with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

METHODS
The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on whether primary care-relevant counseling interventions for a healthful diet and physical activity modify self-reported behaviors, intermediate physiologic outcomes, diabetes incidence, and cardiovascular morbidity or mortality in adults with CVD risk factors, as well as the adverse effects of counseling interventions.

POPULATION
This recommendation applies to adults aged 18 years or older in primary care settings who are overweight or obese and have known CVD risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, impaired fasting glucose, or the metabolic syndrome).

RECOMMENDATION
The USPSTF recommends offering or referring adults who are overweight or obese and have additional CVD risk factors to intensive behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for CVD prevention. (B recommendation).


Contents Acknowledgments Introduction: Gendered Frames, Embodied Cameras in Contemporary French Cinema (1987-2009) Section I: Self-Authorization Through Self-Representation Chapter One: Reflected Reflexivity: Agnes Varda's Aging Female Body Chapter Two: Enacted Reflexivity: Chantal Akerman par Chantal Akerman Chapter Three: Hybrid Reflexivity: Dominique Cabrera's Half-Body, Half-Camera Section II: Self-Construction Through Faux Narratives Chapter Four: Orchestrated Reflexivity: Sophie Calle's Narrative Body as Artist Chapter Five: Faux Reflexivity: Maiwenn's Camera and the Female Body Conclusion: Reflections on Gendered Frames, Embodied Cameras Bibliography Index About the Author


The author's early reflections on slavery—presentiment of one day being a freeman—combat between an overseer and a slave-woman—the advantages of resistance—allowance day on the home plantation—the singing of slaves—an explanation—the slaves' food and clothing—naked children—life in the quarter—deprivation of sleep—nursing children carried to the field—description...


99 Background: Currently there is little data to guide the use of testosterone replacement therapy in prostate cancer patients who have received radiation therapy (RT). We sought to evaluate the impact of post-RT testosterone replacement on prostate cancer outcomes in a large national cohort. Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using the Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure. We identified node-negative and non-metastatic prostate cancer patients diagnosed between 2001-2015 treated with RT. We excluded patients for missing covariate and follow-up data. Receipt of testosterone was coded as a time-dependent covariate. Other covariates included: age, Charlson Comorbidity index, diagnosis year, body mass index, race, PSA, clinical T/N/M stage, Gleason score, and receipt of hormone therapy. We evaluated prostate cancer-specific survival, overall survival, and biochemical recurrence free survival using multivariable Cox regression. Results: Our cohort included 41,544 patients, of whom 544 (1.3%) received testosterone replacement after RT. There were no differences in Charlson comorbidity, clinical T stage, median pre-treatment PSA or Gleason score between treatment groups. Testosterone patients were more likely to be of younger age, non-black, have a lower median post-treatment PSA nadir (0.1 vs. 0.2; p < 0.001), have higher BMI, and have used hormone therapy (46.7% vs 40.3%; p = 0.003). Median duration of ADT usage was equivalent between treatment groups (testosterone: 185 days vs. non-testosterone: 186 days, p = 0.77). The median time from RT to TRT was 3.52 years. After controlling for differences in covariates between treatment groups, we found no difference in prostate cancer specific mortality (HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.62-1.67; p = 0.95), overall survival (HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.84-1.24; p = 0.86), non-cancer mortality (HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.82-1.27; p = 0.86) biochemical recurrence free survival (HR 1.07; 95% CI 0.90-1.28; p = 0.45). Conclusions: Our results suggest that testosterone replacement is safe in prostate cancer patients who have received RT. Prospective data are required to confirm the safety of post-RT testosterone replacement.


occasions, especially in her Chapter 5 on the war on terror, she draws on opinion-poll evidence of public attitudes e.g., on whether the war on terror has weakened or strengthened Al-Qaeda (p. 158). As she concedes, this can measure only public perceptions, largely as filtered selectively through media reports the objective truth on such a topic is a matter of contention among security experts, who do not necessarily even agree at any particular time on the strength, and sometimes the structure, of AlQaeda; thus, even the premise of such a question may be faulty. Expecting the public to know the 'correct' answer to this is unrealistic, but fears of being thought naïve by giving the 'optimistic' answer invariably skew the public's distribution of responses to such questions towards the more 'pessimistic' alternative. A similar stricture might be made with respect to the opinion data on worry about a personal terrorist attack (p. 161). Such data should always be interpreted with that qualification in mind, though Chebel d'Appollonia does recognize that these publics did usually give higher priority to very different issues of concern (such as global warming or unemployment). The principal lesson to be drawn from Chebel d'Appollonia's data series between 2001 and 2006 on public concerns on terrorism is how generally stable they were, with minor variations being apparently undetermined by any seemingly relevant contemporary events. Chebel d'Appollonia's book then is an important analysis of the interconnectedness of a number of those phenomena thrown up by an increasingly globalized world. One can thus forgive her wide use of the ugly neologism 'securitization', a word hitherto more used by bankers and ideally best left with them though admittedly one is hard put to think of a better single-word alternative for the political developments being described by her.


Context
Kisspeptin stimulates the reproductive endocrine cascade in both men and women. Circulating sex steroids are thought to modulate the ability of kisspeptin to stimulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) release.

Objective
To probe the effects of sex steroids on kisspeptin-stimulated GnRH-induced LH pulses.

Participants
Eight healthy postmenopausal women.

Intervention
Subjects underwent every-10-minute blood sampling to measure GnRH-induced LH secretion at baseline and in response to a continuous kisspeptin infusion (12.5 µg/kg/h) over 24 hours. A subset of the participants also received kisspeptin (0.313 µg/kg) and GnRH (75 ng/kg) intravenous boluses.

Results
Postmenopausal women are resistant to the stimulatory effect of continuous kisspeptin on LH secretion. Postmenopausal women receiving estradiol replacement therapy are also resistant to kisspeptin initially, but they demonstrate a significant increase in LH pulse amplitude in direct proportion to the circulating estradiol concentration and duration of kisspeptin administration.

Conclusions
Kisspeptin administration has complex effects on GnRH, and by extension, on LH secretion. The ability of kisspeptin to affect LH secretion can be modulated by the ambient sex-steroid milieu in a time- and dose-dependent manner.


We have performed variational Monte Carlo calculations for the two-dimensional {ital t}{prime}-{ital J} model {ital t}{prime} is an effective, describe {ital fermionic} holes hopping in a background liquid of singlet bonds represented by products of {ital bosonic} spin operators. The variational energies we obtain from these wave functions can be directly compared with those of other proposed wave functions. We find that our energies are lowest in the {ital t}{prime}/{ital J}{much lt}1 limit.


A phase delay harmonic analysis method (PDHAM) with high-time resolution is proposed to measure the plasma parameters of the pulsed plasmas. The PDHAM, which is based on the floating harmonic method, applies the phase delayed voltages to a probe tip, and obtains each of the currents in the phase-domain at a given time. The time resolution of this method is 0.8 μs, and the total measurement is done within 2 s in the case of a pulsed plasma with a frequency of 1 kHz. The measurement result of the plasma parameters was compared with a conventional Langmuir probe using a boxcar mode, and shows good agreements. Because this PDHAM can measure the plasma parameters even in the processing discharges, it is expected to be usefully applied to plasma diagnostics for pulsed processing plasmas.


The purpose of this study wa s to analyze the influence between profitability ratio , leverage ratio , public ownership, institutional ownership, managerial ownership, the corporate status and the disclosure of the financial statements in manufacturing companies. The p opulation on this research were 148 manufacturing companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange within period 2009-2010. T he sample size was determined by purposive sampling method which based on certain criteria, consisted of 98 companies for 2-years study (2009-2010). So the collected data were ( n) = 2 x 98 = 196. The results showed that there were no significant influence between p rofitability , l everage , corporate status and the index Wallace partially . Other findings showed that there ware a significant influence between the p ublic o wnership , i nstitutional o wnership , m anagerial o wnership and the index Wallace partially .


This work describes the feature extraction module of a system designed to measure and interpret optical refractive errors (astigmatism, axis of astigmatism, nearand short-sightedness) from Hartmann-Shack (HS) images. This module uses the Gabor wavelets transform to produce a reduced set of features from an image of the human eye that are then input to an image analysis module based on Support Vector Machines.


Attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity, also known as ADHD, has become a public health concern. More and more studies on ADHD are carried out, but few address the possible links between ADHD and separation anxiety disorder. The purpose of this transversal study was to evaluate the comorbidity between the two disorders and more specifically, the links between hyperactivity and pathological separation anxiety. Two groups of five children were set up: one group with hyperactivity and the other group without hyperactivity. The attention of these ten children (with a mean age of 9 years, 8 months) was assessed with the TEA-Ch (Lussier & Flessas, 2006) and/or the NEPSY scale (Korkman et al., 2003). In addition, they were assessed using three tales from the projective "Tales Test" (Royer, 1978) in order to evaluate their separation anxiety. Results showed that separation anxiety disorder was indeed present in children with ADHD. However, contrary to our expectations, the signs of pathology were no greater in hyperactive children with attention deficit than in children with attention deficit alone. Additional studies with a larger sample of children would shed further light on these findings.


In harmonic detection of power grid, spectrum leakage of traditional FFT algorithm affects the accuracy of detection results. In this paper, a Nuttall double-window all-phase FFT trispectral interpolation algorithm is proposed. The phase of the spectral line with the maximum amplitude at the sampling point is taken as the initial phase of the signal, and the position of the main harmonic line is determined by using the amplitudes of the three spectral lines near the harmonic peak frequency point. Simulation results show that this algorithm can reduce the error of harmonic parameter detection more effectively and reduce the influence of white noise.


With the continuous advancement of college English teaching reform, teaching quality is one of the most crucial parts of reform. The traditional teaching quality evaluation system has simple indexes, limited subjects, imperfect evaluation mechanism and delayed feedback, which cannot keep up with the process of college English teaching reform. With the extensive application of artificial intelligence, this paper applies GA-BP neural network to college English teaching quality evaluation. This paper discusses the application of artificial neural network technology in college English teaching quality evaluation, establishes an intelligent model of college English teaching quality evaluation based on GA-BP neural network, and realizes the accurate prediction between teaching factors and teaching quality through experiments, which helps analyze and extract effective factors affecting teaching quality and to improve the validity and accuracy of college English teaching quality evaluation.


The replacement of mercury vapor lamps in the Hawthorne, Ca. street lighting system with 400 W high pressure sodium vapor lamps in cutoff luminaires has reduced both glare and electric power consumption. The testing, maintenance, and design of these luminaires are discussed. (LCL)


The resumption of work and production helps to avoid the short-term suspension of economic development caused by COVID-19 virus epidemic from becoming long-term economic depression. However, during the COVID-19 virus epidemic, the resumption of work may cause infection. Facing the uncertainty of external environment, the pressure of capital turnover and lead time of orders, the resumption of work and production is a severe problem. To judge the schedule of resumption, we analyze the electricity usage of enterprises in Shaoxing, select 200 enterprises in 4 industries, including heavy industries, general industry and commerce, agricultural production industries, agricultural irrigation and drainage industries. Using the electricity usage before and after the epidemic, we use STL decomposition and Mann Kendall trend test to intelligently judge the situation of resumption. At the same time, combined with the date of suspension and resumption of work, we determine the resumption threshold of enterprises and plot the resumption rate of industries. From the threshold and the plots, we can analyze the schedule of resumption one month before and after the Spring Festival to support the effect of epidemic on different industries.


The paper reports creep data of a Ni-rich NiTi-alloy at stresses and temperatures in the range of 500 °C and 150 MPa. The apparent activation energy for creep and the creep stress exponent were found to be 421 kJ/mole and 5. Tempering and pre-creep result in a 20°C increase of phase transformation temperatures (PTTs). The effect of an additional plastic deformation (as compared to a stress free aging treatment) is that PTT-peaks broaden and overlap on cooling and broaden on heating. This can only be rationalized on the basis of a difference in microstructures between the tempered and pre-crept materials.


Major trend in Microelectronics is the move towards higher system integration driving increasing compactness and complexity and all at acceptable cost. This paper presents an overview on selected results from the ECSEL JU project iRel40 which has the ultimate goal of improving reliability of electronic components and systems by reducing failure rates along the entire value chain. We first present an aspect for development, where digital twins are applied to develop and design an optimum assembly and packaging. Then we highlight that preassembly, intelligent data handling applied in production, and the importance of material and testing knowhow have impact to improve reliability.


This article employs Lauren Berlant's concepts of cruel optimism and impasse to explain the way the cinematic work of Cristian Mungiu comments on the condition of small East-Central European cultures. The article analyzes 4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days (2007), Beyond the Hills (2012) and Graduation (2016), and draws evidence from the narrative structure of these films, gender and social and economic condition of their characters, as well as the audiovisual poetics of their endings. The main point of the article is that Mungiu's films criticize a mental mapping East-Central Europe with origins in the Cold War that imagines it as a region of small nations in the permanent state of danger and in need of urgent protection. Mungiu's films show that this mapping exposes these cultures to inescapable cycles of political abuse. The slow and contemplative endings of Mungiu's films also propose a solution. They gesture toward the development of a condition of political hovering that, as interruption, may enable East-Central European political imaginaries to envision more creative solutions to escape cycles of abuse. This interruption is linked to the memory of 1989 and to the historical openness 1989 created. As a political approach for East-Central European cultures, interruption is a strategy of letting one's political imaginary be inspired to the opening of 1989.


The present utility model provides a vehicle-mounted gateway controller. The controller comprises a micro control unit, a CAN bus signal input/output interface, a first CAN module or a second CAN module, wherein a first end of the first CAN module is connected with the micro control unit, a second end is connected with the CAN bus signal input/output interface, or the first end of the second CAN module is connected with the micro control unit, and the second end is connected with the CAN bus signal input/output interface. In the vehicle-mounted gateway controller, a same data sending/receiving pin of the micro control unit is jointly used by two different CAN modules, positions are reserved for the two different CAN modules on a PCB of a vehicle-mounted gateway controller product, a needed CAN module can be selectively prepared when necessary, changing of the hardware design is not necessary, the use is more flexible, and development costs are reduced.


This article proposed a mapping and validation method of old low resolution satellite images, based on the use of existing GI covers at different scales for different periods. This method can be described as a multi data sources method for the validation of old image classification in order to measure the scattered urbanisation process as it uses three kinds of data: satellite images, GI vectorial covers, and digitised paper maps. The hypothesis is that the satellite image allows to map the exact borders of homogeneous patches, while small scale vector GI cover provides the exact content. That is why satellite images are used to increase the precision of the GI cover. However, the content of homogeneous patches detected on the images is not totally unknown, as absolute radiometric values and visual texture analysis on coloured band combination gives some information.