The article on reviewing and refining the Professionalism Programme at YLL School of Medicine in Singapore was of interest to us. As final year medical students we reflect on the teaching of professionalism received over our course in accordance with the General Medical Council's (GMC) guidance ("Good Medical Practice"; GMC 2013–2020), comparing advice given in this article (Macneill et al. 2020). The article recommends teaching professionalism throughout the entirety of the MBBS. Similarly, our medical school delivered professionalism teaching as an undercurrent theme throughout the five years. We believe exposure to continuous teaching is integral for students, as perspectives will change with progression through the course. Teaching on professionalism was harder to conceptualise for us as pre-clinical students; albeit important, arguably less significant at this stage. After experiencing clinical placement, retrospectively, teaching received pre-clinically prepared us to understand requirements for professionalism. Similar to the 'single longitudinal student profile' implemented by YLL, we were encouraged to use an online platform (NHS e-portfolio) which allows for reflection and evaluation skills encompassed in professionalism. Drawing from personal clinical experiences facilitated learning from mistakes, recognising good clinical practice and reflection on conduct. Moreover, our medical school expanded our e-portfolio assessment criteria to include TABS (Team Assessment Behaviour) to assess students' capacity to work collaboratively. TABS enables students to gain feedback from wider members of the multi-disciplinary team providing a different perspective for a well-rounded progression of personal professionalism. Teaching professionalism is of heightened importance currently, due to COVID-19. The mounting pressure from the pandemic risks neglecting core values written by GMC ("Good Medical Practice"). Instilling these core values as students will allow us to keep these principles at the forefront of practice. COVID-19 highlighted how drastically all elements of a clinical environment can change. Learning regular practice of reflection and evaluation of our own professionalism, will aid adaptation in an ever-changing clinical environment. The article demonstrates the need to regularly reform teaching of professionalism; we agree with this recommendation on the basis that clinical environments will continue to change. Teaching needs to adapt to reflect new challenges in order to maintain teaching of professionalism received by students.


A flyback DC-DC switching power supply based on LD7670 was presented,the principles and characteristics of this chip were introduced firstly.The parameters calculation,components selection and the circuit design were provided then.In the end,the experimental results and the waveforms were analyzed,which showed that this switching power supply had a small size,high efficiency,and had a wide input voltage range,fast frequency response speed,high voltage and load regulation rates,stable output voltage,small ripple and so on.This power module had a certain practical value because of its reliable performance.


The purpose of the present paper is to study the hierarchical constrained variational inequalities of finding a point such that , where is the set of the solutions of the following variational inequality: , where are two strongly positive bounded linear operators, is a -contraction, is a nonexpansive mapping, and is the fixed points set of a nonexpansive semigroup . We present a double-net convergence hierarchical to some elements in which solves the above hierarchical constrained variational inequalities.


A core–shell nanostructure (Pt–PdAg/C–D) with dealloyed PdAg nanoparticles (PdAg/C–D) as the core and a Pt monolayer as the shell is prepared and employed as an electrocatalyst toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Compared with its counterpart alloyed PdAg core-Pt monolayer shell catalyst (Pt–PdAg/C), the Pt–PdAg/C–D catalyst shows significantly higher catalytic activities for ORR. The half wave potential (E1/2) on Pt–PdAg/C–D is located at −0.17 V, which is comparable to that on the commercial Pt/C catalyst and ca. 30 mV more positive than that on Pt–PdAg/C. The MSA of Pt in Pt–PdAg/C–D is 171.8 A gPd+Pt−1, which is 3.2 and 2.4 times higher than those of Pt–PdAg/C and commercial Pt/C catalysts, respectively. The Pt monolayer shell on the surface of the nanoparticles would induce much higher utilization of Pt atoms, and the dealloying process would result in a nanostructured PdAg core with a rough surface and a Pt shell with a numbers of low-coordinated atoms. It is concluded that the change in the electronic and geometric structure of Pt in the Pt–PdAg/C–D catalyst may contribute to the increase in catalytic performance for ORR.


Acute pancreatitis is the most common major complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), occurring in 3–15% of cases and in up to 40% of procedures if preventive measures are not employed. About 5% of patients who develop pancreatitis after ERCP have a severe course, characterized by local and systemic complications, prolonged hospitalization, and occasional death. 1 Considering that approximately 600,000 ERCPs are performed annually in the United States, ERCP-related pancreatitis is an important and costly clinical problem.


Number of violent victimizations per 1,000 persons age 12 or older* *The annual av erage murder rate is per 100,000 residents of all ages.


Conventional logic synthesis technology has been a critical factor in improving design productivity over the past decade and a half. It is now widely acknowledged that this trusted technology evolve to handle the challenges and opportunities of finer-featured fabrication processes. Ideally, the time wasting iteration between logic and layout synthesis in today's design methodologies could be eliminated by fusing these two stages simultaneously optimizing the logical structure as well as spatial placement of a circuit. This, however, may be a tall order due to the computational complexity of these tasks. We propose an alternative goal: to more directly relate the functional structure of a logic specification to the ultimate topological and physical structures of its physical realization.
Our synthesis approach is based on three novel ideas. First, synthesis is done incrementally by interleaving technology-independent optimization with technology mapping to a specific library. The second novel idea, is that the content of a cell library (the functional variety of its primitives) can be pre-computed to improve quality of synthesized circuit. We develop a symbolic decomposition theory that identifies the types of logic functions that must be available in a cell library to guarantee desirable decompositions of a set of logic specifications. And thirdly, we exploit the semantic structure of a specification (symmetry in particular) during decomposition and mapping to obtain compact implementations. Specifically, a variety of symmetries is quickly identified and used to guide the synthesis process.
Our strategy enables us to obtain a high quality circuits, with improved delay. The improved quality of the implementations is the result of a coordinated strategy that incrementally infers decomposition decisions from a functional structure.


Through investigation and analysis of plant resource characteristics and biodiversity in Yanchi middle sandy land,the results show: There are three kinds of sandy land in middle Yanchi,which are slight-slope sandy land,hard ridge and low,damp beach land;there are 105 plant species,which belong to 29 Family,83 Genus;In the three sandificated land types,characteristics of abundance distribution are almost the same,that is to say,there are not many species with a very little number or with a very large number;most species have middle abundance distribution of 2~8/m2;the change of species abundance,uniformity and diversity are almost the same,with hard ridge,slightslope sandy land and low,damp beach land from high to low;this calculated result coincides with the observed fact.Finally,some protection measures and suggestions on how to conserve biodiversity in the area are put forward.


ABSTRACT Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and the unified theory of polarization and coherence, the coherence properties of random electromagnetic Gaussian Schell model (GSM) vortex beams propagating through biological tissues were investigated. It was shown that with an increasing propagation distance, the change in the spectral degree of coherence |μ(ρ, −ρ, z)| is more complex than that of μ(0, ρ, z). If the change in |μ(ρ, −ρ, z)| is divided into the preceding and latter stages, then the change in μ(0, ρ, z) is similar to that of |μ(ρ, −ρ, z)| at the latter stage. The wavelength of the far-infrared beam (λ = 10.6 µm) is similar to that emitted by the biological tissues, and a resonance with water molecules occurs in the biological tissues. At the initial plane, the larger ρx corresponds to a smaller value of |μ(ρ, −ρ, z)|, and during the propagation process, the spatial coherent interval is wider for |μ(ρ, −ρ, z)| than for μ(0, ρ, z). The fluctuation change depth of |μ(ρ, −ρ, z)| in the biological tissues is somewhat shallower than that of μ(0, ρ, z) under the same conditions, such as the same biological tissue, the same wavelength, or the same interval between two field points. In addition, the spatial self-correlation length σyy has an effect on |μ(ρ, −ρ, z)| and on μ(0, ρ, z) to a different extent, while the changes in these two quantities are independent of the spatial mutual-correlation length σxy of the random electromagnetic GSM vortex beam.


: This research article aims to determine whether the development of teaching materials can positively impact and improve students' soft skills during the learning process. This qualitative research used the literature study method. Based on the explanation, the development of teaching material is closely related to learning planning. Teaching materials have become one of the components in the learning process, in which the design must follow the learning principles. Teaching materials also need to include instructions on how to learn, competencies to be achieved, lesson content, practice questions, work instructions, and assessments. Moreover, various teaching materials have been developed in Islamic Education subjects for higher education to help achieve the planned learning objectives in its development. Some developments of these teaching materials include Augmented Reality (AR), Islamic glossary applications, infographics, and animated infographics, analyzed in this article. These various developments of teaching materials are creative and innovative. Utilizing these technologies needs to be studied more deeply to produce effective teaching materials that can keep up with the times and improve students' soft skills.


In this paper we construct a topological model for the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants for $3$-manifolds as graded intersection pairings of homology classes in configuration spaces. More precisely, for a fixed level $\cN \in \N$ we show that the level $\cN$ WRT invariant for a $3-$manifold is a state sum of Lagrangian intersections in a covering of a fixed configuration space in the punctured disk. This model brings a new perspective on the structure of the level $\cN$ Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant, showing that it is completely encoded by the intersection points between certain Lagrangian submanifolds in a fixed configuration space, with additional gradings which come from a particular choice of a local system.


This study investigates both teachers' and students' belief in language education at Madrasah Mu'allimin Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta in the academic year of 2019/ 2020. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five teachers and five students as the research participants. Interview results were analyzed though qualitative data analysist. The finding showed that generally their belief on language education was influenced by religious values of Islam. It was the core value of their language education. All respondents showed their social awareness of the importance of language usage and its mastery as part of religious duty.


We recently documented that acidic bile, a gastroesophageal reflux content, can cause invasive hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, by inducing widespread DNA damage and promoting nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB)‐related oncogenic molecular events. Poly or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‐ribose polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1), a sensitive sensor of DNA damage, may interact with NF‐κB. We hypothesized that PARP‐1 is activated in hypopharyngeal cells (HCs) with marked DNA damage caused by acidic bile, hence there is an association between PARP‐1 and NF‐κB activation or its related oncogenic profile, in this process.


The Apocalypse or Revelation of Saint John is a long letter, written to seven Christian communities or churches of the Roman province of Asia, in which the author sets down what he has seen, heard, and understood in the course of his prophetic ecstasies during his exile on the island of Patmos in the Egean Sea. The book, "The Apocalypse of Saint John," attempts to analyse this letter and the result is uniformly good. The book is made up of three parts, an introduction, a translation of the Greek text of the letter, and a commentary. The introduction is brief and is concerned with the scheme or plan of ·the literary structure of the letter. Pere Loenertz has made use of the French translation by Bossuet but the English translation of the work reproduces the Douai version with certain modifications. These modifications, as noted by the Translator, are four in number: (1) the numbering of chapters and verses are relegated to the margin, (2) divisions in the text have been introduced to serve as a basis for the commentary, (3) certain words are enclosed in brackets because they do not pertain to the original text, (4) occasionally, in view of some particular need, in a note, an alternative translation is given which is more in con}ormity with the critical Greek text. The commentary, however, follows the Greek text, and is brief but lucid. It is meant to appeal to the ordinary reader as well as the expert and is based on the classical commentary of the late Pere Allo, 0. P. Without introducing the wealth of detail which increases the bulk of the more technical works of this kind, he has produced a valuable introduction to a little known but very important book of the New Testament, the Apocalypse or Revelation of Saint John. The work of Pere Loenertz comes to English readers through a clear and pleasing translation made by the English Dominican Provincial. Of all the books of the New Testament, the Apocalypse, perhaps, is the least read; not, however, because it is the least interesting for it is not. Indeed there are some passages familiar to everybody, familiar even to those who have never heard of the Apocalypse. For instance, the scene of Apocalypse 6: 1-8, describing the four horsemen, is one of the most popular in the book. And the reason is because that vision is readily grasped by the imagination and even easily transferred to canvas. It has in fact, inspired many illustrious artists and among them, DUrer. And there are a few other sections which are among the most widely known parts of the Bible. But the book, as a whole, is neglected because of its extreme difficulty. In


To the Editor. —The Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity (CRYO-ROP) Cooperative Group, chaired by Earl Palmer, MD, is once again to be congratulated for its continuing contribution of significant information on the natural and treated outcomes of ROP. TheArchivespublication of the correlation of visual function and retinal structure by Gilbert et al 1 confirms that a favorable anatomic outcome as defined in the CRYO-ROP study can have an unfavorable visual outcome, with macular ectopia, and/or macular pigment alteration, and/or optic atrophy as the anatomically identifiable causes. The authors have used the term macular retinal pigment epithelial scarring and have speculated that prior retinal detachment may be a cause of the condition. In 1982, the pigment alterations were reported and called macular pigment epitheliopathy (MPE) with the same possible etiology being suggested. 2 In 1986, more information on MPE was published, including the effect on visual function. 3 Dr


common ideas about these two historically different middle classes. One might then hypothesize that U. S. II evidences anxiety which accompanies actual change or the striving for change which may be associated with unrealistic definitions of existing opportunities for upward mobility, and that English II is not affected to the same degree by anxiety associated with mobility. English II appears to be the most stable of the three English social-class groups and reveals significantly less anxiety than does U. S. II. The question of the relationship of expressed anxiety in both national samples to normal and abnormal adjustive behavior can not be dealt with in this brief paper. As has been suggested, however, the greater amount of anxiety in the U. S. sample may be proportional to the greater institutional demands of our society, as defined by the respondents, and therefore represent "adjustive anxiety." Thus it may be that the amount of anxiety expressed in each nationality group approximates the amount required by their respective cultures for "adaptation" of the individual and therefore may not imply pathology in either group. It is admitted that these findings and the postulated implications are tenuous, but they may lead to the formulation of hypotheses which can be dealt with by more sophisticated methods, and, it is hoped, with more certainty.


This article illustrates how to calculate the constituent numbers of the chemical equilibration system by making use of matrices. The evaluation of separated reaction numbers and reaction schemes can also be achieved in this method.


Cystic fibrosis is the most common autosomal disorder in the Caucasian population. Since the description of the major mutation of this disease in 1989, over 150 of additional mutations have been identified in the CFTR gene. This update summarizes the different mutations identified and reported before March 15 by members of the international Cystic Fibrosis Genetic Analysis Consortium. The report includes information on DNA sequence variations found in the gene. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


ABSTRACT Although the number of older patients in forensic psychiatric settings is increasing, there is limited information around their sociodemographic characteristics, needs and cognitive abilities. This cross-sectional study focuses on patients aged ≥50 years in three (high, medium and low) secure forensic psychiatric services in England. The study comprises: 1. Analysis of sociodemographic characteristics of all patients (n = 94) in the services; 2. Analysis of the clinical notes and administration of needs and cognitive assessments to a subsample of patients (n = 41). The main outcomes include: sociodemographic characteristics, data on residency, risk, violence, mental and physical health, cognitive ability and individual needs. Data analysis is carried out through descriptive tests and correlation and inferential analyses of outcomes. Results evidence that most patients are White-British single males aged 50–54 years and 88% have at least one physical health condition. A quarter of the patients has cognitive impairment. The most common psychiatric disorder is Personality Disorder (60%); comorbid psychiatric disorders are prevalent (54%). Length of stay averages 6+ years and is longest in high security. Patients' needs are mostly met. The least met needs are social opportunities. Future comparative research against younger populations could give better context to research findings from this study.


Low energy ion scattering (LEIS), allows the analysis of a material's surface with a sensitivity of just the topmost atomic layer. In a LEIS experiment, noble gas ions with energies of a few keV are scattered off a sample surface. The energy loss of the ions in the scattering process depends on the mass of the scattering partner, so that the quantitative elemental composition of the sample surface is obtained by recording the energy loss spectrum of the backscattered ions. As ions that are scattered in deeper atomic layers are efficiently neutralized and lose additional energy by nuclear and electronic stopping, the scattering from the first atomic layer can be distinguished from sub-surface scattering [1]. This level of surface sensitivity is unique to LEIS, and provides valuable information for a wide range of sample systems.


Small interfering RNA(siRNA) lead to gene silencing through RNA interference(RNAi) approach,which should be paid attention to the applicaion of disease treatment.Now the main problem about siRNA as drugs in disease treatment is how to transfer siRNA targeting to the target cell or tissue.Aptamer,a kind of single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides synthesized in vitro,has the characteristics of high specificity,strong penetrating,low immunogenicity,which can be used as vector for targeting delivery.This review mainly introduces the development of aptamer mediated siRNA delivery.


In this paper, the authors first analyze the drawback of genetic algorithm with traditional mutation operator in preventing GA from converging prematurely, then study its influence on the diversity of genes in the same locus, and point out that the traditional mutation, to some extent, can result in premature convergence of genes in the same locus. This will cause the loss of critical alleles. Inspired by digital technique, we import two kinds of Boolean operation into GA to develop a novel mutation operator and discuss its contribution to prevent the loss of critical alleles. The experimental results of function optimization show that the improved mutation operator can prevent premature convergence effectively, and can provide a wide range of selecting control parameters for GA. Then we present a new parameter estimation algorithm based on the improved GA. Simulation experiments have been carried out and their results show that this estimation algorithm has good tracking ability and is not sensitive to the noise.


The Report of the Board of Control for the year 1922 points out that at the close of that year there were only 370 cases under Guardianship, and in the last Report of the Board it is stated that " the total number of cases under guardianship for whom Local Authorities were responsible on 1st January, 1931, was 1,832, an increase of 306 cases during the year, as compared with an increase of 188 cases during the year 1929." On the same date there were


1. Ants interact with a diversity of organisms. These interactions, coupled with their abundance, cause ants to have ecologically important effects across multiple trophic levels.


Abstract Population-based epidemiology and clinical case studies document a prominent 24-hour pattern in the occurrence of silent and non-silent angina pectoris (AP), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and sudden cardiac death (SCD). When the data are summarized per 3 – 6 hour intervals of the 24 hours, the temporal pattern of these ischemic heart disease (IHD) events shows a single morning peak between 06:00 and 12:00 h in incidence. However, when the occurrence of such events is examined according to the hour of their occurrence, several studies reveal a second late-afternoon/early-evening minor peak. The true day – night pattern in AP, AMI, and SCD is unknown because the data represent nothing more than the recorded "time of day" of the events. It has been postulated that the day – night pattern in IHD events is at least in part dependent on endogenous circadian rhythms, which are synchronized by the daily routine of sleep in darkness/activity in light. Approximately 20% of the working population is involved in night and rotating shift employment; thus, "time of day" studies are not likely to accurately represent the actual "chronorisk" of vulnerable individuals to IHD events. Moreover, it is likely that the events in the persons comprising the population and clinical case studies were influenced by ongoing treatment with antihypertensive, anticoagulant, and antianginal medications. Details regarding the class, dose, and schedule of such medications are rarely if ever reported in accounts of IHD events. Many of the investigations were conducted decades ago, when short-acting antihypertensive and cardiovascular medications required twice or thrice-a-day dosing, and thus the observed day – night variations could be significantly affected by such multiple treatment timings each day. Thus, the magnitude and nature (single versus multiple peaks) of the reported day – night patterns in AP, AMI, and SCD are suspect, as are their geneses. Presently, it is hypothesized that multiple cyclic exogenous triggers (e.g. posture, physical exertion, emotional stress, and medication scheduling) superimposed upon an endogenous 24-hour susceptibility-resistance pattern that arises from circadian rhythms in heart rate, blood pressure, rate-pressure product, and haemostasis, are major contributory factors.


The last decade's market has been characterized by wearable devices, mainly smartwatches, edge, and cloud computing. A possible application of these technologies is to improve the safety of dangerous activities, especially driving motor vehicles. Common enabling technologies, such as system-on-chip, ultra-low-power computational platforms, and wide-band wireless connectivity, push all these trends. On the one hand, wearable devices, thanks to the continuous contact with the user's body, can measure physiological parameters. On the other hand, edge computing and machine learning techniques, alongside cameras, allow the implementation of contactless computer vision systems capable of providing information about the user's current behavior. Another trend is the usage of RADARs in automotive applications, both for collision avoidance and monitoring driver behavior. These technologies can be combined to develop systems designed to aid the driver. For the sake of this paper, we are focusing on warning drivers, allowing them to know whenever they are drowsy and hence risking a sleep onset or are not paying attention to the road. Developing such systems poses many challenges, such as automatic classification of physiological signal patterns, facial expression recognition, head movements and eye gaze detection. These challenges have been individually addressed in the literature. Anyway, we noticed a need for more description on implementing data fusion. Two main reasons for adopting the fusion approach are to improve the quality of the overall representation (increasing accuracy and specificity against drowsy) and make a more reliable system due to redundancy.


• (a+ b)v = av + bv for all a, b ∈ R, v ∈ V . • a(v + w) = av + aw for all a ∈ R, v, w ∈ V. Example 1. R is a vector space. Example 2. Let Rn×m denote the set of all n×m matrices. Example 3. Let Pn denote the set of all polynomial functions of degree less than or equal to n in one variable. We define addition as follows: Let f, g ∈ Pn. Then the polynomial f + g is the polynomial (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x).


ABSTRACT Question time during political press briefings presents one of the few occasions for the press to exercise its watchdog role. However, the way the press utilises this opportunity varies. Drawing on journalistic interview concept, which treats interviews between journalists and politicians as an "encounter of two institutions", each making a claim on legitimacy, this qualitative study conducted a content analysis on 10 recorded political press briefings held between April 2019 and April 2020, a period dominated by many political press briefings on elections, to examine how Malawian journalists utilise question time during political press briefings. The analysis is complemented by interviews with 15 Malawian journalists. Findings show that although question time gives Malawian journalists an opportunity to exercise their watchdog role through asking questions, the occasion is in most cases abused by both parties in the interlocution. Furthermore, political interests, freebies and power disparity between press briefing organisers and journalists compromise the independence of the press and its watchdog role.


Qualification testing in sodium of the CRBR primary pump was conducted through 1982. This paper presents an overview of the test program, a description of the Sodium Pump Test Facility (largest of its kind in the world), a brief description of the test article and summary overview of results. Of special interest were the high temperature gas convection tests and the extensive flow/speed control (dynamic) tests. Special innovative test methods were employed to investigate these phenomena.


The theory of law, which deals with supernatural powers, shaped the myth of the celestial sphere. Religions that justify birth and gender segregation and produce slave bodies to adapt to the prevailing social conditions. Orders created to protect the power and interests of the rulers are influential in the name of rules from time to time. When one insists on order, disorder automatically reigns. When laying down rules as to what should be strictly followed, what should be excluded is defined as irregularity. In the Sangam Age Tamils insisted on the rules to be followed in practical life, contrary to the rules of good and bad. Such orders, in turn, were called virtues. At the same time the notion that disorder is anti-social as a whole was emphasized. Rules and exemptions are widely used to emphasize order and disorder in the interests of those who economically dominate society. The order and disorder recorded by the Sangam literary works have become the social document of ancient Tamils.


background One of major cause of disability is mental illness (WHO, 2013). Evidence-based family programs have been considered one of the most effective methods for reducing mental health and substance abuse disorders in youth. A Cochrane review (Foxcroft et al., 2003) concluded that the Strengthening Families Program (SFP) is one of the most effective substance abuse prevention program and also cost effective. Aim and methods Determine if the family Portuguese SFP outcomes are as effective as the original SFP. The outcomes were compared using data from Portuguese families (n=41) and SFP international norms using a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control 2 group pre-and post-test design. Standardized test scales were used. A 2x2 ANOVA produced the outcomes including p-values and effect sizes. Results According to original SFP norms, statistically significant positive results (p ≤ .05) were found for 16 (or 76.2%) of the 21 outcomes measured and medium to large effect sizes, including family outcomes for Portuguese families. Conclusion evidence-based family programs are a strong and robust intervention strategy to prevent family risk factors and promote protective factors.


OBJECTIVE
Frequency and severity of mental illness in patient samples of two culturally different origins.

METHODS
Employment of the structured interview (Mini-DIPS) and self-assessment questionnaires on depression (BDI-II) and general psychiatric symptom load (SCL-90-R) as well as posttraumatic symptoms (ETI) and sense of coherence (SOC-29) in 55 Iranian and 51 German patients of a psychiatric practice.

RESULTS
Iranian patients show higher symptom load, but also higher resilience.

CONCLUSION
The higher burden of symptoms in Iranians can be attributed to traumatic experiences before migration on the one hand and is associated with insufficient language proficiency on the other hand.


Marketing concepts and definitions have remained relatively unchanged until recently. Electronic Customer Relationship Management (ECRM) has forced marketing managers to reevaluate how, when and to what extent they interact with their customers. Organizations will lose loyal customers if they do not recognize and react to the changing demands of customers. In addition, marketing to a new a customer will be more expensive and time consuming. Every customer will require something a little different and will want to know why one product is better over another product. Therefore, this paper is focused on the role of specific marketing concepts and how ECRM has enhanced or altered each concept. Every topic discussed is illustrated with current business examples. All business examples are used to demonstrate the success an organization can achieve when using ECRM to enhance marketing skills.


Since the Opening up and Reform,migration population from China's countryside has been employed in cities which exert great influence on the Chinese economy and urbanization.However,with the country series of encouragement policy's is published recently,part of these Off-farm worker choose to backflow to their hometown and set up their own business,and served as the kingpin of the countryside development.Researchers focus more on the rural surplus labor changes,but pay less attention on Off-farm worker "backflow",the current research are mainly confined to Off-farm worker "backflow" cause.On the basis of interviewing the stakeholders in XINHUA and TAIJI town of Qianjiang district,Chongqing,this article exam the influence of this backflow phenomenon.The result shows that Off-farm worker backflow has a positive effect on export region of economy,society and culture,therefore the local government should create Condition to backflow people.


In spite of extensive research on the parasitic flatworms, there is still a vast deal of uncertainty regarding many details of their structure and development. So true is this that MacBride (1914, p. ix) says in the preface to his "Invertebrate Embryology": "The Trematoda and Cestoda have been entirely left out of consideration . . . though the external features of the life history of members of these groups are known, their organogeny is still to be worked out." While the last part of this statement is not strictly accurate, in view of the work of Cary (1909), myself (1908) and others, it is nevertheless evidence of a general lack of information on this subject. The reasons for this situation are not far to seek.


Bone marrow (BM) cells from 10 patients with Ph1‐positive chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) were placed in long‐term cultures in the presence of fetal calf serum (FCS) and horse serum (HoS), or in the presence of human AB serum. The long‐term cultures were started with three different cell combinations: (1) CGL BM cells (four cases), (2) CGL BM cells + normal BM cells (1:1 ratio) from an HLA identical sex‐matched sibling (five cases), (3) CGL BM cells + normal BM cells (1:1 ratio) from an HLA identical sex mismatched sibling (five cases). Cytogenetic studies were performed at weeks 0, 3, 4 and 5 of culture. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: (a) Ph1‐positive cells could be detected at any time of culture in all three of the described cell combinations; (b) a population of Ph1‐negative cells of patient origin could be detected after 3–5 weeks of culture; (c) there was a trend for a better survival of Ph1‐negative cells in cultures supplemented with FCS + HoS and, conversely, of Ph1‐positive cells in cultures containing human serum. These results warrant further studies on the possibility of manipulating survival and proliferation of normal and leukaemic cells by varying the culture conditions.


Abstract— Background: Extinct earthquakes events demonstrate that, buildings with irregularity is vulnerable to earthquake damages. So as it's essential to spot the seismal response of the structure even in high seismic zones to cut back the seismic damages in buildings. Objective: The most important objective of this study is to grasp the behaviour of the structure in high seismic zone and also to evaluate Storey overturning moment, Storey Drift, Displacement, Design lateral forces. During this purpose a 15 storey-high building on four totally different shapes like Rectangular, L-shape, H-shape, and C-shape are used as a comparison. The complete models were analysed with the assistance of ETABS 9.7.1 version. In the present study, Comparative Dynamic Analysis for all four cases have been investigated to evaluate the deformation of the structure. Results & Conclusion: The results indicates that, building with severe irregularity produces more deformation than those with less irregularity particularly in high seismic zones. And conjointly the storey overturning moment varies inversely with height of the storey. The storey base shear for regular building is highest compare to irregular shape buildings.


One of the most evident consequences of eutrophication of waters is the progressive spreading of persistent cyanobacterial blooms. They are often accompanied by the production of cyanotoxins in concentrations, which are hazardous for human health. In this research, we analysed phytoplankton communities in four lowland water bodies, for the presence of cyanobacterial blooms and toxin production. The cyanobacterial biovolumes we found, determine three of the lowland water bodies: Onogur Reservoir (OR), Asparuhov Val Reservoir (AVR), and Srebarna Lake (SL) as "Alert Level 1" of potentially hazardous levels of cyanotoxins. Cyanobacterial biovolume exceeds the threshold value of 8 mm3 L-1 (recreational waters) in AVR and SL at the end of the summer period. In OR, we registered sustainable bloom of Microcystis spp. during the whole summer season, and extremely high average seasonal value of the total biovolume (146.5 mm3 L-1). Micro-cystins were reported in all four analysed water bodies, with the highest concentration in OR (6 µg L-1). Cylindrospermopsin was detected in AVR and OR, while saxitoxins were in AVR and SL. The concentrations of cyanotoxins do not exceed the guideline values in recreational waters. However, the increased biovolumes of cyanobacteria are a signal that in three of the analysed water bodies, monitoring is recommended at the levels of cyanotoxins during the summer period.


The paper reviews whether fantasy sports legislation in New York can be effective, given the State's constitutional provision banning gambling.


This paper presents the first implementation of the MaxNet TCP network congestion control protocol. MaxNet uses explicit multi-bit signalling from routers to achieve high throughput and low latency over networks of arbitrary capacity and topology, and virtually any delay. The MaxNet algorithm is extended in this paper to give both provable stability and rate fairness. The implementation is based on the Linux Traffic Control framework. The system consists of a sender and receiver TCP algorithm as well as a router module. Performance was tested for capacities up to 1Gbit/s and delays up to 180 ms using the WAN-in-Lab facility. With no overhead but 24-bit price signals, MaxNet can scale from 32 bit/s to 1 Peta-bit/s with a 0.001% rate accuracy. The MaxStart algorithm introduced in this paper allows MaxNet to fill the transmission pipe with data just one round trip time (RTT) after the SYN packet. We detail the MaxNet TCP architecture and discuss various implementation challenges.


Japan is one of the biggest Indonesian market destinations. But in 2018 the World Bank reporting Indonesia is at the 11th position of exporting food to Japan left behind Thailand, Brazil, and Vietnam. The biggest obstacle for the Indonesian manufacturing industry arrived in Japan market is dealing with the food safety and health standards. PT. Bellfood became the first Indonesian producer of processed food entering the Japanese market in 2018. This paper aimed to identify Japanese food safety policy implementation that affected Indonesia's food industry to access Japan market. This paper used the VosViewer application to find the research gap. Data collection used the library research method. The authors selected 23 publications by Mendeley that concerned with Japan Food Safety as the keyword. The liberal perspective of IPE examines the Japanese food safety management system under the Food Sanitation Act has internalized international trade standards. The national provisions concerning safety and quality assurance refers to HACCP and ISO 20200. Import processed food products entering the Japanese market should own certification of ISO 9001 quality management system, ISO 22000 Food Safety Management System, and Halal Assurance System 23000 as good practice implemented by PT. Bellfood.


. The Puebla-Morelos Earthquake (Mw 7.1) occurred in Mexico in 2017 causing 44 buildings to collapse in Mexico City. This work evaluates the non-linear response of a 6-story reinforced concrete (RC) frame prototype model with masonry infill walls on upper floors. The prototype model was designed using provisions prescribed before 1985 and was subjected to seismic excitations recorded during the earthquakes of 1985 and 2017 in different places in Mexico City. The building response was assessed through a damage index (DI) that considers low-cycle fatigue of the steel reinforcement in columns of the first floor, where the steel was modeled including buckling as was observed in cases after the 2017 earthquake. Isocurves were generated with 72 seismic records in Mexico City representing the level of iso-demand on the structure. These isocurves were compared with the location of 16 collapsed (first-floor column failure) building cases consistent with the prototype model. The isocurves for a value greater than 1 demarcate the location where fatigue failure was expected, which is consistent with the location of 2 of the 16 cases studied. However, a slight increase in axial load (5%) or decrease in column cross-section (5%) had a significant detrimental effect on the cumulated damage, increasing the intensity of the isocurves and achieving congruence with 9 of the 16 cases, and having the other 7 cases less than 2 km away. Including column special detailing (tight stirrup spacing and confined concrete) was the variable with the greatest impact to control the cumulated damage, which was consistent with the absence of severe damage in buildings built in the 70s and 80s.


The effect of organic bentonite on the viscoelasticity of paper coatings was studied.The results showed that the paper coatings containing organic bentonite characterized as pseudoplastic fluid with obvious shear thinning behavior.The viscosity of paper coatings increased obviously with increasing the amount of organic bentonite.The paper coatings containing organic bentonite showed the property of strong viscoelastic solid.In the same scanning frequency,both elastic modulus and viscous modulus of the paper coatings containing organic bentonite were higher than that of the paper coatings without organic bentonite.


The decision to be taken will be to note the key objectives of the UNISON ethical care charter, the steps already being taken by the Council to meet these objectives, including the prior commitment to introduce the London Living Wage for all new contracts and to confirm the aspiration of the council to meet the objectives of the charter in the shortest possible timeframe, subject to affordability, contractual commitments and with reference to the demands of personalised budgets Decision taker Cabinet


ABS TRACT Ob jec ti ve: Suc cess ful pla cen ta ti on re li es on nor mal trop hob las tic in va si on of the ma ter nal de ci du a, myo met ri um and blo od ves sels. Ute ri ne per fu si on ap pe ars to re gu la te ute ri ne re cep ti vity. This ar tic le in ves ti ga tes the re la ti ons hip bet we en Dopp ler stu di es of ute ri ne ar tery and en do vas cu lar trop hob las tic in va si on in the first tri mes ter of preg nancy. Material and Met hods: Dopp ler ul tra so und exa mi na ti on of the ma ter nal ute ri ne ar te ri es was per for med in wo men at ten ding for ter mi na ti on of preg nancy for non-me di cal re a sons. We re cor ded the Dopp ler flow ve lo city wa ve forms using a Shi mad zu 2000 ul tra so und mac hi ne with a 3,5 or 5 MHz pro be.Co lo ur Dopp ler ul tra so und was used to identify the ma in branch of the ute ri ne ar tery at its junc ti on with the in ter nal ili ac ar tery, from whe re we ob ta i ned blo od flow ve lo city wa ve forms. High-re sis tan ce ca ses we re de fi ned as tho se pre sen ting with bi la te ral or uni la te ral ute ri ne ar tery notc hes and a me an RI abo ve the 95th cen ti le. The con cep ti o nal pro ducts we re exa mi ned his to lo gi cally with re gard to the ex tend of de ci du al en do vas cu lar trop hob last inva si on. Re sults: At the we ek 8, the re we re 19 high-re sis tan ce and 17 low-re sis ten ce ute ri ne ar tery blo od flow. The pro por ti on of de ci du al ves sels with en do vas cu lar trop hob last in va si on was sig ni fi cantly hig her in the low-re sis tan ce preg nan ci es (65%) com pa red with high-re sis tan ce ones (47%; p= 0.18). Conc lu si on: In ters ti ti al in va si on, de e per de ci du al-myo met ri al junc ti on in va si on and the re le a se of va so ac ti ve me di a tors may exp la in chan ges in ar te ri al re sis tan ce and be re la ted to de ci du al en do vas cu lar trop hob las tic in va si on. Dopp ler ul tra so nog raphy is a non-in va si ve met hod for eva lu a ting trop hob las tic in va si on in early preg nancy. Furt her stu di es are ne ces sary to cla rify the sig ni fi can ce of the se ob ser va ti ons.


This dissertation describes how the interpretation of toxicogenomics data can be facilitated by information from scientific literature. Toxicogenomics (new technologies in toxicology, based on knowledge of the genome) is regarded as a promising technique to reduce animal tests. One of the conclusions of this dissertation is that a specific text-mining method (concept profile matching) can be used to link chemical information to experimental data to identify toxic effects at a very early stage. This is an important step towards reducing the use of test animals in the development of new medicines.


Since the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak in the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea) began on May 11, 2015, a total of 186 persons have been infected by the MERS coronavirus, 38 of whom have died. With this number, Korea becomes second only to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the ranking of cumulative MERS cases. In this paper Korea's unique experience of an outbreak of MERS will be summarized and discussed briefly.


Propellant sloshing can impart unwanted disturbances to spacecraft, especially if the spacecraft controller is driving the system at the slosh frequency. This paper describes the work performed by the authors in simulating propellant slosh in a spherical tank using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). ANSYS-CFX is the CFD package used to perform the analysis. A 42 in spherical tank is studied with various fill fractions. Results are provided for the forces on the walls and the frequency of the slosh. Snapshots of slosh animation give a qualitative understanding of the propellant slosh. The results show that maximum slosh forces occur at a tank fill fraction of 0.4 and 0.6 due to the amount of mass participating in the slosh and the room available for sloshing to occur. The slosh frequency increases as the tank fill fraction increases.


Since World War II, the Austrian tourism and leisure industry has reached an important position in international competition. Austria is one of the most tourism-intensive countries in the world. From a macro-economic point of view, tourism and leisure activities play a crucial role for the creation of income and employment as well as for the maintenance of external account equilibrium. During the first half of the 1990s, the Austrian tourism sector was hit by the consequences of the international recession. Further setbacks will occur during the current business cycle upturn, which are mainly caused by special factors but which the Austrian tourism sector cannot offset by its own force. Thus, the fall in real disposable incomes in Germany related to the high costs of reunification, currency devaluations in some major competitor countries, and the slump in air fares are causing significant losses in demand for holiday in Austria. The fragility of Austria's position in international tourism uncovers a number of structural problems which have essentially remained unsolved. In Austria, tourism-intensity and the degree of specialization in the production of tourism services are relatively high. Calculations show that about one-third of tourism export revenues are earned on the basis of traditional competitive advantages (in essence the generous endowment with natural, social and cultural resources). If these traditional advantages become less attractive – either because of changing consumer preferences, new tastes and fashions, or because of losses in the quality of resources – Austria may see the size of its tourism sector being reduced as with lower sales prices (as a consequence of declining attractiveness) many firms would cease to be profitable, given the domestic level of wages and other labor costs. A possible solution would be a comprehensive re-positioning of the tourism sector by way of the following alternative strategies: – increased internationalization together with a well-defined marketing image of internationally competitive regions as air-travel destinations; – launching of a broad-based quality and cooperation campaign; – creating new competitive advantages via supply innovations (man-made attractions); – disclosure of new, high-income market segments. If efforts for re-positioning do not succeed the medium-term growth potential will not be exploited. However, current changes in tourism demand suggest that tourism policy measures may only have a limited effect.


This paper reviews the basic physical and chemical property of nitrogen trifluoride,including its production method.In order to meet the need of semiconductor industry,the applied purification methods for nitrogen trifluoride are:cryogenic distillation,azeotropic distillation,absorption,selective adsorption and the combination of them.


Most of the work that has been done recently in the area of plastics recycling has focused on technological questions, and to a great extent this work has been successful. However, the degree to which recycling processes will be adopted by the market place will depend not only on technological developments but also on non-technological incentives and barriers to recycle. This paper focuses on waste plastics from the residue of auto shredders and discusses the incentives and barriers to the recycling of these plastics from three main perspectives: (1) the physical composition of shredder residue; (2) the private firm that operates a shredder and the firm that might utilize shredder residue in a recycling operation; and (3) society, which may or may not have an incentive to promote a level of recycle greater than the level provided by private firms. From each perspective significant incentives, as well as barriers, are identified that may have a pronounced impact on the degree to which plastics from shredder residue are ultimately disposed or recycled. 31 references, 5 tables.


The taste and property of Huang Yaozi is bitter and gentle.Its efficacy include removing toxin to subside swelling,resolving phlegm to resolve stagnation,cooling blood to analgesia and relieving cough and asthma.In the past many doctors used it to treat disease of thyroid gland.Professor WANG Xin-lu uses it to treat diseases such as tumour,lumbar spondylosis and lichen planus,these are all have a very good clinical effect.


Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in recent decades has changed its course, thanks to the use of genetically engineered biological drugs. If therapy with methotrexane is inefficient etanercept is the drug of choice for JIA treatment. Etanercept has been used in Chelyabinsk regional pediatric hospital during 10 years. Objectives Performance and safety assessment of etanercept in patients with JIA in Chelyabinsk regional pediatric hospital. Methods 51 children aged from 3 to 17 (mean age 10,0 years) diagnosed with JIA were under monitoring (12 boys, 39 girls). Disease duration was from 2 to 15 years (mean duration 5,4 years). JIA was diagnosed based on ILAR diagnostic criteria. Oligo arthritis was diagnosed in 9 children, sero-negative polyarthritis was diagnosed in 34 children. 3 patients had systemic JIA (without active systemic presentations), 5 children had enthesitic JIA. X-ray stage 1-2 was observed in 45 children and stage 3-4 in five. Enhancement antigens HLA B 27 were found in 11 children. In all children methotrexate was ineffective in dose of 15 mg/m2 during 6-12 months. Etanercept was introduced in dose of 0.8 mg QW. Therapy duration was from 3 months to 8 years (mean duration 29 months). Assessment of disease activity and therapy efficiency was conducted in accordance with ACR pedi criteria. Nonparametric statistical methods were used to compare results. Results Prior to etanercept use high disease activity was observed in all children. Mean number of joints with active arthritis was 8 [4, 10] (ME[25;75%]). Mean number of joints with functional impairments – 4 [2;10]. Mean ESR (according to Panchenkov) – 23 [10;35] mm/h, CRP 12,0 [5,7;32] g/L. Assessment of functional activity according to CHAQ questionnaire – 1,25 [1;2]. Activity assessment according to VAS by doctor – 70 [60;70]. Assessment of parents/patients according to VAS 70 [60;80]. No active systemic presentations and eye lesions were found in children under monitoring. On the background of etanercept therapy a decrease in disease activity was observed in 50 patients. Mean number of joints with active arthritis was 0 [0;2] (ME[25;75%]) (P≤0.0001). Mean number of joints with functional impairments – 0 [0;.2] (P≤0.0001). Mean ESR was 5 [3,6] mm/h (P≤0.0001), CRP 3 [2;4] g/L (P≤0.0001). Assessment of functional activity according to CHAQ questionnaire was 0,125 [0;0,5] (P≤0.0001). Activity assessment according to VAS by doctor – 10 [5;20] (P≤0.0001). Assessment of parents according to VAS 10 [5;20] (P≤0.0001). Clinical disease remission (according to ACR pedi criteria ≥90%) was observed in 32 patients after 6-12 months of treatment. Remission duration up to now is from 1 to 7 years. Efficiency according to ACR pedi criteria is 70% in 11 children, 50% in 5, 30% in 2. Etanercept was well-tolerated. Drug was cancelled in 9 patients. 6 patient (11,8%) developed bilateral uveitis, one patient had an allergic reaction (rash), one - systemic manifestations, one - urinary tract infection. There were no cases of tuberculosis. Conclusion Etanercept therapy was highly effective and safe in patients with JIA. Clinical remission was achieved in 62,7% children. Decrease in disease activity was observed in 98% of children. 11,8% patient developed uveitis, on average, after a year of using etanercept. References [1] Lovell D. J., Reiff A., Jones O. Y., Schneider R. et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of etanercept in children with polyarticular-course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis//Arthritis Rheum. 2006; 54: 1987–1994. Disclosure of Interests None declared


In 2014 Jiapei Dai reported evidence of anisotropic Brownian motion of a toluidine blue colloid solution in water. In 2015 Felix Scholkmann analysed the Dai data and detected a sidereal time dependence, indicative of a process driving the preferred Brownian motion diffusion direction to a star-based preferred direction. Here we further analyse the Dai data and extract the RA and Dec of that preferred direction, and relate the data to previous determinations from NASA Spacecraft Earth-flyby Doppler shift data, and other determinations. It is shown that the anisotropic Brownian motion is an anisotropic "heating" generated by 3-space fluctuations: gravitational waves, an effect previously detected in correlations between ocean temperature fluctuations and solar flare counts, with the latter being shown to be a proxy for 3-space fluctuations. The dynamical 3space does not have a measure of energy content, but can generate energy in matter systems, which amounts to a violation of the 1st Law of Thermodynamics.


Synthetic data generation is an appealing approach to generate novel traffic scenarios in autonomous driving. However, deep learning perception algorithms trained solely on synthetic data encounter serious performance drops when they are tested on real data. Such performance drops are commonly attributed to the domain gap between real and synthetic data. Domain adaptation methods that have been applied to mitigate the aforementioned domain gap achieve visually appealing results, but usually introduce semantic inconsistencies into the translated samples. In this work, we propose a novel, unsupervised, end-to-end domain adaptation network architecture that enables semantically consistent sim2real image transfer. Our method performs content disentanglement by employing shared content encoder and fixed style code.


The review provides data on modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of epidural hematoma (EH). Data are given, such as the frequency of occurrence of this pathology, its structure, and the specifics of diagnosis and treatment with the determination of indications for the use of surgery interventions or use of conservative therapy. It should be emphasized that the frequency of EH occurrence remains high. Mortality, according to various authors, is from 7.5% to 29.4%. The fatality for EH of the posterior cranial fossa is particularly high, reaching 31.5%, and with concomitant intracranial damage it is 84%. Additional research methods, such as CT, MRI, echoencephalography, craniography and cerebral angiography, have a great importance in the diagnosis of this pathology. At the same time, there are different opinions of the authors about the informativeness of the above-mentioned survey methods. Analyzing the literature on the treatment of EH, the authors identified differences in tactics in the periods before the introduction and after the widespread use of CT in the practice of neurosurgical institutions. The results of surgical treatment of EH, still, do not satisfy clinicians. Keywords: Epidural hematoma, diagnosis, treatment, cerebral injury.


This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Project Based Learning model on the respiratory system material in class XII 3 of SMAN 5 Lubuklinggau. The method used in this research is qualitative through a triangulation approach. The results showed that the psychomotor learning outcomes of class XII 3 students on the respiratory system material used the Project Based Learning effective model. In conclusion, the application of the Project Based Learning model is effectively used on respiratory system materials in class XII 3 in virtual learning during the pandemic.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Project Based Learning, Psychomotor


Official plan for cultural industry during the Eleventh Five Years suggests a 15% annual growth rate on average,which is of great necessity.This article gives an analysis on aggregate demand and supply of cultural products which determines the growth rate of an industry,and believes that,from the angle of demand and supply,China's cultural industry has possessed favorable conditions for a faster growth rate.We should take effective measures in the respects of system,industry structure,resource deployment and promotion of international competitive ability,to ensure the realization of the aims of China's cultural industrial development during the Eleventh Five-Year period.


In this article, we propose a dynamic synchronization protocol and a scheduling method based on Timestamp Ordering for real-time transactions. First, we describe a synchronization protocol that avoids transaction abort by reserving shared resources accessed by transactions. This protocol does not incur unnecessary wait for resources, so it shows excellent performance under time constraint, compared with the priority ceiling protocol used in static scheduling environment. Next, we describe a dynamic scheduling method that takes into account both Timestamp Ordering and priority of transactions. This method does not incur deadlock unlike two-phase locking, for example, and it can decrease violation of time constraint due to resource waiting. We compare the two proposed methods and other methods by simulation, and discuss the effectiveness of the proposed methods. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 32(13): 61–70, 2001


I consider my one act opera Anya 17 to be a summation of my compositional work so far, as well as a new direction in my output. It brings together my concerns with drama, musical structure and collaboration, and the issues of writing an operatic work in the present century. The opera, which lasts just under 70 minutes is the main work of this thesis, was written with the librettist Ben Kaye and is set in the present day. The subject of Anya 17 is drawn from films dealing with sex trafficking between Eastern and Western Europe. As well as an analysis of the work I have outlined the practical issues of writing an opera from start to finish. A short piece Dancing in the Ghetto is also included, as this provided a good deal of the material for the opera as well as giving an example of writing on a smaller scale. I have included another large scale work, an oratorio for chorus and Wind Ensemble Eternal Voices, also in collaboration with Ben Kaye, and also dealing with a contemporary issue; that of War in the 21st century.


A novel design of crucible is proposed in this paper for the growth of SiC crystals. The relation between grown crystal shape and temperature distribution in a growth chamber was discussed. It is pointed out that the crystal shape had a close relationship with temperature distribution. The calculations suggested that the radial temperature field of the growing crystal became homogenous by setting up the cone-shaped bae in the growth chamber. By modifying the crucible design and temperature distribution in the growth chamber, it is possible to enhance the enlargement of crystal, and also possible to keep grown surface flat.


[From Introductory chapter]: The purpose of this monograph is to take a new look at various aspects of stone artifact analysis that reveal important and exciting new information about the past. This involves reorienting the methodological approach to stone artifacts as well as the questions asked of them.


Unsafe abortion has been described as a schoolgirl' s problem in Nigeria, where 80% of patients admitted to hospitals with abortion-related complic ations are adolescent girls. Hence, this research study was conducted to assess knowledge and percept ion on consequences of abortion among adolescents in Amassoma Community, Bayelsa State, N igeria. A simple size of 120 respondents was drawn from the target population using purposive sa mpling technique. Data were collected using questionnaire and the information obtained was anal yzed using descriptive and inferential statistics a nd level of significant was set at 5%. The study revea led that majority of the respondents 61% were between the ages of 17-21 years with a minimum age of 12years and maximum age of 25 years; with a mean age of 18 and standard deviation of 2.28. The study revealed that majority of the respondents 89% had adequate knowledge of the consequences of abort ion and believed that abortion is a sin and is done by immoral girls, yet more than half 60% of the res pondents will encourage a person to do abortion and will even consider abortion in case of unwanted pre gnancy. Majority of the respondent opined that abortion can be done in case of rape; mental illnes s and when the mother's life is in danger but 40% o f the respondents said they will never go for an abor tion under any circumstances. The study also revealed that there was a significant association b etween the age of respondents and the level of knowledge; as well as significant association betwe n the level of knowledge and perception on the consequences of abortion with p< 0.05. It is recom mended that Public enlightenment programmes on unsafe abortion and its consequences should be give n to adolescents for value clarification and proper attitude transformations


Based on the development status of courtyard eco-agriculture in Shennongjia,the development potential in the nature reserve was analyzed.The main problems were elaborated from concept,capital and technology and social service.And then several problems for promoting the eco-agriculture development in nature reserve were put forward,such as improving farmers' main body consciousness and market consciousness,strengthening the policy,funding and technical supports in eco-agriculture,perfecting market mechanism and facilities,making good industry planning and structural adjustment,sounding the socialized service system of eco-agriculture.


Paper introduces framework for development of Near Field Communication based ferry ticketing system in Croatia. Four topics are discussed addressing facts and specifics of Croatian ferry lines and reasons for implementation of such solution, general Near Field Communication specifications, Near Field Communication ferry ticketing framework logic, Near Field Communication security concerns and discussion about possible advantages caused by framework implementation. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of DAAAM International Vienna.


Metamaterial has been applied as a new type of radar absorbing material. In the face of increasingly more complex structures, optimization algorithms have become a mainstream method for structure design. Electromagnetic simulations need a lot of time, and in order to improve development efficiency, it is necessary to reduce the use of electromagnetic simulations as much as possible. This paper proposes an efficient topology-based optimization method by combining the surrogate model and Genetic Algorithm (GA), named it as surrogate model/GA. This method uses a less complex surrogate model instead of the electromagnetic model. With sufficient database, using surrogate model greatly reduce optimization time while maintaining high accuracy. Compared with existing optimization studies, the proposed method greatly improves the efficiency. It could achieve wider absorption frequency band after the same optimization time. This method is easy to implement, it could be applied to more complex topology-based structures and the design of other metamaterials.


Background We conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous (IV) anti-D against IV immunoglobulin (IVIG) in newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in children and to identify the clinical characteristics of the children most likely to benefit from one or the other treatment. Procedure Children (6 mo to 14 y) with newly diagnosed ITP and a platelet count <20,000/&mgr;L were treated either with a single bolus dose of 50 &mgr;g/kg IV anti-D or with 0.8 to 1 g/kg IVIG in a randomized manner. Results Twenty-five patients, mean age of 6.8 years, were treated either with IV anti-D (n=10) or with IVIG (n=15). Both drugs were equally efficient in raising the platelet count above 20,000/&mgr;L at 24 hours posttreatment. Children who presented with bleeding stage 1 or 2 (no mucosal bleeding) responded better to IVIG treatment, in terms of an increase in platelet count at 24 hours posttreatment (P=0.04). Hemoglobin drop was greater in the anti-D group (P=0.002). Conclusions A single bolus dose of 50 &mgr;g/kg of IV anti-D is a safe and effective first-line treatment in newly diagnosed ITP in childhood and mucosal bleeding is a poor prognostic factor for treatment with IVIG.


Efficient implementation of sophisticated algorithms on digital signal processing (DSP) chips is a key issue in the implementation of software-defined radios. Here, focusing on beamforming and using the average calculation time and hardware usage as the two indicators of efficiency, a performance comparison between two versions of binary particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm, as the two popular evolutionary techniques, is presented. Using our proposed multirun strategy in DSP platforms, we show that modified PSO results in a reduction by 52% and 67% in the hardware utilization and calculation time as compared to genetic algorithm and binary PSO, respectively.


Among the existing studies of Mandara , a Chadic language belonging to the Biu-Mandara branch(Newman 1977), there appears to be a gap in the description of the plural formation of verbs and also in the description of the function of the plural forms. The present paper, which is based on the Mandara dialect spoken in Pulka, is intended to fill thisgap. The purpose of the paper, however, is more than just to provide some additional Information on this language, but rather to show what can be learned about the history of Mandara and Chadic from the forms and functions of verbal plurals. The syntax of plural verbs in the Mandara dialect spoken in Pulka and possibly in other dialects exhibits both nominative-accusative and ergative characteristics. While the former are represented by fully productive devices in the form of subject prefixes and infixes, the latter are manifested through traces of various plural markers whose distribution may be quite limited in the contemporary language. The importance of the data from Mandara lies in the fact that ergative characteristics have been claimed for Proto-Chadic (cf. Frajzyngier in press) and for Afro-Asiatic (cf. Diakonoff 1965). A detailed study of a particular language may contribute to the elucidation of the question äs to whether those characteristics are innovations in a particular language or retentions from an earlier, possibly Proto-Chadic System.


Given the socio-economic circumstances of the Victorian Era, one of its unassailable facts was that the conservative and solemn spirit of the time created a claustrophobic social atmosphere for some of its occupiers. Victorian, as well as Neo-Victorian novels register an exigency for laughter partly as a response to this solemnity. As a successful representative of the latter, Jane Harris' debut novel, The Observations (2006) narrates the dolorous life of an Irish girl, Bessy Buckley who is taken on as a maid in a Scottish manor and is asked to perform strange duties assigned to her by the mistress of the house. This study attempts to unearth The Observations' versatile approach to the notion of comic on three functional levels by resting on Alexander Bain's notion of 'ludicrous degradation.' Firstly, the study scrutinizes comicality arising out of situations in which clashes of value and meaning occur. Secondly, it explains how ludicrous degradation turned into humour allows for psychological release. Thirdly, it looks at how Bessy's sense of humour works as a coping mechanism and an antidote for Victorian pathos apart from being a literary source of amusement.


Such small, cost-effective force multipliers as the Foreign Area Of ficer Program (FAOP) gain impor- tance when the overall size or funding of US Armed Forces-especially its overseas presence-decreases. In many countries and regions, foreign area officers (FAOs)-as "strategic scouts"-are the Department of Defense's (DoD's) sole on-theground presence. FAOs serve as the eyes, ears and voice of US defense policy and, at times, single-handedly run securityassistance and military-to-military contact programs. This is particularly true concerning Eurasian FAOs who currently serve as political-military specialists in former Soviet Union (FSU) countries. However, these recent dramatic changes have generated serious concern about how DoD trains foreign area specialists. The Soviet Era Before December 1991, Eurasian-- then "Soviet-East European"- FAO training was relatively simple. An officer who studied the Russian language and Soviet and Warsaw Pact political-military affairs could operate anywhere from the German Democratic Republic east to Vladivostok. After an officer received one year of basic Russian-language training at the Defense Language Institute (DLI) in Monterey, California, he attended a civilian university for 18 to 24 months to earn a master's degree. The officer completed his training in a two-year program conducted at the US Army Russian Institute in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. The two-year program served as a substitute for the "in-country" phase of an FAO's training, because opportunities for US military officers to travel and study in the Soviet Union were obviously limited. The program also provided additional intermediate and advanced language training and a specialized program of political-military studies. Transition Since the Soviet Union's dissolution, 14 embassies-all with defense-attache representation-have opened in the newly independent states. In many of these countries, active security-assistance programs, military-to-military contacts and even joint military exercises now occur where recently no military contacts existed. Often, a lone US military officer, usually an Army or Marine Corps alumnus of the US Army FAO program, is responsible for overseeing the new programs. In many cases, these officers rotate in and out of such missions from other assignments or even from their training base at the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies at Garmisch-Partenkirchen. While establishing diplomatic relations, embassy country teams are formed and new programs formally created. In Russia, US-Russian military relations have grown dramatically in terms of quantity, quality and variety, placing ever-increasing demands on the still relatively small military mission in Moscow. After the Warsaw Pact ceased to exist, Eastern Europe quickly established political-military ties to the West. Eastern European countries not formerly part of the Soviet Union became part of the West European FAO area of operations. However, many Eurasian FAOs still serve in certain East European countries and will probably continue to because cross-training from one Slavic language to another is relatively easy and because their training and education remains relevant during this transition era. The Challenges The current Eurasian FAOP faces a new set of political-military, linguistic and professional realities. The Soviet Union did not simply become the Confederation of Independent States, with a dominant Russia and strong central government and economic organs. Instead, newly independent republics developed distinct individual and regional characteristics that defy generalization or easy comparison. A specialist on the Baltic countries might understand little that is relevant for Central Asia, while the Central Asia expert might be poorly versed on the Caucasus. Gone are the days when a "Soviet expert" could claim to speak authoritatively for the entire Eurasian landmass. …


This article discusses the implementation of imaging technology knowledge in teaching. The author considers theoretical approaches and practical experience in training teachers of educational institutions professional education to the use of technology in this field, and presents the results of studies that reflect the existing problems. Presents the experience of organization of training teachers in the use visualization tools based on information and communication technologies.


We present the first fully-persistent external-memory search tree achieving amortized I/O bounds matching those of the classic (ephemeral) B-tree by Bayer and McCreight. The insertion and deletion of a value in any version requires amortized O(logB Nv) I/Os and a range reporting query in any version requires worst-case O(logB Nv + K/B) I/Os, where K is the number of values reported, Nv is the number of values in the version v of the tree queried or updated, and B is the external-memory block size. The data structure requires space linear in the total number of updates. Compared to the previous best bounds for fully persistent B-trees [Brodal, Sioutas, Tsakalidis, and Tsichlas, SODA 2012], this paper eliminates from the update bound an additive term of O(log2 B) I/Os. This result matches the previous best bounds for the restricted case of partial persistent B-trees [Arge, Danner and Teh, JEA 2003]. Central to our approach is to consider the problem as a dynamic set of two-dimensional rectangles that can be merged and split.


This paper mainly studies the relevant technology on the link between entrances to tunnel and bridge of highway in mountainous areas, elaborates the rational choosing and uses in practical engineering. Moreover, this paper analyzes the advantages and weaknesses of different ways, sums up the experiences, and provides some guidance in the construction of bridges and tunnels under similar conditions.


The present application discloses a method and apparatus for information transmission. DETAILED embodiment of the method comprises: receiving a first file, said file includes an image and information associated with the image, and then displays the image, if there is an operation instruction on the display area corresponding to the image, then to the said information is processed. It can be obtained such that the receiver receives visual which files simultaneously, the file corresponding process, thereby simplifying the step of transmitting information between the terminal and improve the efficiency of information transmission between terminals.


The synthesis of trinuclear Sn(IV) complexes 5a–h – prepared in a one-pot reaction of 2-amino-4-R-phenol (R=H, Me, Cl, NO2), 2-pyridine-carboxaldehyde, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (trimesic acid, H3BTC), and dibutyl and dioctyltin oxides – is described. These compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, IR, and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The structures of 5a and 5b were also determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The trinuclear tin system is formed by bridges through the carboxylate moieties. The metal centers are seven-coordinate and the coordination polyhedron of tin can be depicted as distorted pentagonal-bipyramidal (PBP), where the equatorial plane consists of three oxygens and two nitrogens and the organic groups occupy the axial positions. The work presented here combines the useful properties of Schiff bases and H3BTC ligands in the formation of organotin(IV) complexes, and investigates the likely antioxidant (DPPH and TBARS) and anti-inflammatory activity (TPA) of the new substances. Graphical abstract


Aliphatic fluorine‐18 radiolabeling is the most commonly used method to synthesize tracers for PET‐imaging. With an increasing demand for 18F‐radiotracers for clinical applications, new labeling strategies aiming to increase radiochemical yields of established tracers or, more importantly, to enable 18F‐labeling of new scaffolds have been developed. In recent years, increased attention has been focused on the direct aliphatic 18F‐fluorination of base‐sensitive substrates in this respect. This minireview gives a concise overview of the recent advances within this field and aims to highlight the advantages and limitations of these methods.


Nowadays several companies are taking into consideration the possibility to electrify their vehicles' fleet. Users have to deal with the problem of choosing a model of Electric Vehicle and properly sizing a Charging Station in such a way that the investment costs are minimized, and the logistic constraints respected. From the grid side, the growing energy demand caused by the electrification of the transport sector is introducing grid instabilities and Distributed System Operators have to ensure the service reliability, keeping operating costs down. This work shows how the optimal allocation and control of the Electric Vehicle charging allow to both minimize the user investment costs and avoid grid congestions during peak periods at the same time. Two different charging scheduling strategies, namely a standard and an optimal control strategy, are proposed considering different Charging Station configurations (single level and multi-level type). The possible layouts are then analyzed and compared from the user and the Distribution System Operator point of view. The obtained results suggest that a multi-level Charging Station configuration integrated with an optimal control strategy leads to a reduction of around 46% of the investment costs and for the power profile a decrease of 44%, 11% and 31% of standard deviation, mean and maximum value, respectively.


Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) plays an essential role in maintaining the quality control of mitochondria through mitochondrial (Mt) fission and mitophagy. We investigated how Mt function, autophagy and Drp1 are regulated in the heart during pressure overload (PO) and whether endogenous Drp1 plays an important role in regulating cardiac function. Mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) at multiple time points between 6 hours and 30 days. Left ventricular (LV) weight/tibial length (LVW/TL) was significantly elevated at Day 5 (TAC vs Baseline; 6.21 ± 0.28 vs 4.59 ± 0.36, p<0.05). Ejection fraction (EF) was maintained at Day 5 (79±5 vs 82±7%), but gradually decreased thereafter (30 days; 51±12%, p<0.05). LC3-II was decreased (-40.0%, p<0.05) while p62 accumulated (1.84 fold, p<0.05) significantly at Day 5. Both Mt ATP content (-65.6%, p<0.05) and production (-90.3%, p<0.05) were reduced significantly at Days 7 and 14, respectively, and thereafter. Mt mass, evaluated by electron microsco...


The maturation of mammalian sperm is the result of interaction with epididymal microenvironment,the sperm obtains the ability to move,recognize and bind to the zona pellucida,and to fuse with the plasma membrane of the oocyte when it transports throughout the epididymal tube.The epididymal proteins can be directly or indirectly involved in the modification of the sperm menbrance or can contribute to the preservation of sperm integrity,the study of epididymal proteins corresponding sperm maturation may push forward the progression of the reproductive medicine,and bring the new idea and breakthrough of male contraception.


From September 28 to October 1, 2014, the Dagstuhl Seminar 14402 "Resilience in Exascale Computing" was held in Schloss Dagstuhl-Leibniz Center for Informatics. During the seminar, several participants presented their current research, and ongoing work and open problems were discussed. Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of seminar results and ideas are put together in this paper. The first section describes the seminar topics and goals in general. Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available. Slides of the talks and abstracts are available online.


The patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) have received different treatments with major or less success. In the present review we have achieved a systematic search in Internet, using the terms "Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy" and "Complex Regional Pain Syndrome". The objective is to assess the diagnostic methods and therapeutics more effectives based on the best available scientific evidence, that allows a suitable control of patients with CRPS. The IASP establish the CRPS as a variety of pain conditions of regional finding, after one injury, with distal prevalence of unusual symptoms, exceeding in magnitude and duration to the clinic course expect of initial incident, producing an important impairment motor, with a variable progression in the time. The difference between CRPS I and CRPS II is in the presence of an injury in a peripheral nerve in the CRPS II. This Syndrome have some main signs and symptoms: strong pain, hyperesthesis, hyperalgesia, allodynia, sensorial deficiency, hyposthesis, tumefaction, changes of colour and temperature anomaly of sudation, changes in the skin: pallor, fibrosis, hyperkeratosis, brilliant and thin skin, trophic and vasomotor changes, muscular and bony atrophy. The diagnosis of CRPS I can be realized by clinic history and exploration [recommendation (R) B]. The diagnosis of CRPS I is based in the severity and duration of signs and symptoms [level of evidence (LE) III]. Some complementary test can assist to the differential diagnostic with other syndromes of chronic pain. We have evaluated different diagnostic approach although there aren't reasons to recommend one over other (R C). The present guideline a recommend a multidisciplinary treatment with three essential elements: pain treatment, rehabilitation and psychological treatment. Treatment must be individualized according to characteristic of patient and to avoid pain, joint rigidity, vasomotor reflex, joint and bone se—————————— 1 F.E.A. Anestesia, Reanimacion y Tratamiento del Dolor H. U. Puerto Real. Profesor Asociado de Ciencias de la Salud.


Following a failure caused by stress corrosion cracking (SCC) on an NPS 8 pipeline in the Nova Gas Transmission (NGTL) system, a detailed investigation was undertaken to understand the contributing factors resulting in the failure. Studies included site characterization using the NOVAProbe, followed by a detailed excavation, sampling, pipe replacement and subsequent metallurgical analysis. In total, 1.1 km of pipe was inspected and replaced. This paper will detail the results of pipe inspection, mechanical testing and metallurgical results of pipe inspection, mechanical testing and metallurgical analysis following excavation. Possible correlation of the results with potential SCC severity is discussed.


The paper aims to propose a framework for understanding of the concept of moral evil. It argues that "evil" should be considered one of the so-called "thick" ethical concepts, characterized by their ability to be simultaneously descriptive and normative. To that effect, it examines the relationship between the concepts of moral wrongness and the idea of evil, with a view to explaining why moral evil should be understood as a "thick" rather than a "thin" ethical concept. Finally, it offers some reasons for cultivating thick ethical concepts, and suggests the conditions which have to be met if a thick concept of evil is to be helpful rather than harmful.


The Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses (NCLs; Batten disease) are a group of rare inherited fatal diseases that are characterized by the buildup of autofluorescent lipopigments in lysosomes [1]. These ...


In adult patients, continuous-flow mechanical circulatory support devices completely prevail over pulsatile ones, representing more than 90 %. With the constant miniaturization of devices, the number of proposals of pediatric cardiologists regarding the use of continuous-flow ventricular assist devices (VAD) in children is growing. According to the first PediMACS report, approximately half (54 %; 109 of 200) of registered long-term devices are continuous-flow devices. This article describes the current state of the children's continuous-flow system for mechanical circulatory support and evaluates the prospects for its future use. The strategy of the Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in the early postoperative period was very similar to that used in patients after Fontan procedure, including special tactics of respiratory support, adding nitric oxide or leaving the chest open after the start of circulation support. Despite aggressive management, a certain part of the patients had right ventricular failure, which required temporary mechanical support to restore blood flow in the pulmonary circulation and increase left ventricular preload. Early biventricular support correlates with better survival compared to its delayed use. Thus, a thorough preoperative risk assessment of right ventricular failure is required for implantation of biventricular assist device or for heart transplantation.


Gasketed flange connections should be designed taking actual behavior of the connections under their operating conditions into consideration. However, such actual behavior as bolt load change, gasket load change and flange rotation were not clear because adequate calculation method was not developed due to difficulty and complicacy to solve statically indetermine problem among three bodies, bolt, flange and gasket. In this paper, authors develop a method to calculate load factor for gasketed flange connection. Load factor describes bolt load change when an external force is applied to the connection. Load factor represents flange rigidity including gasket stiffness that dominates not only the behavior of joint after pressurising but also its sealing performance. By using the load factor, bolt load change as well as gasket load change due to internal pressure can be obtained by simple equations. When the required gasket stress is given to achieve a prescribed sealing thightness, the required initial bolt preload can also be calculated. Authors also proposed a load equilibrium diagram for gasketed flange connection with internal pressure. The diagram helps us to understand schematically how bolt load and gasket load change under pressurized condition. In addition, experimental tests are performed using 3 inch and 20 inch flange connections with spiral wound gasket in order to demonstrate validity of the proposed calculation method based on load factor and load equilibrium diagram. In conclusion, it is found that the proposed calculation method can estimate bolt load change and gasket load change under pressurized condition.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


The fermentation condition of raw starch digesting amylase by Rhizopus microsporus var. chinensis was optimized. Using single factorial experiments,sources of solid state substrate,carbon and nitrogen were determined as wheat,soluble starch and ammonium sulfate,respectively. Then raw starch digesting amylase production was increased by 3. 5 times in the above medium with initial pH of 3. 0 and humidity of 70%. The optimal medium composition for raw starch digesting amylase production was determined by response surface methodology as:13. 7g wheat,0. 063g soluble starch and 0. 052g ammonium sulfate in 500mL flask. The enzyme production was increased to 48. 50U/mL,which was 7 times higher than that of the original medium.


This paper evaluates ways in which labour issues in global value chains for medical gloves have been affected by, and addressed through, the COVID‐19 pandemic. It focuses on production in Malaysia and supply to the United Kingdom's National Health Service and draws on a large‐scale survey with workers and interviews with UK government officials, suppliers and buyers. Adopting a Global Value Chain (GVC) framework, the paper shows how forced labour endemic in the sector was exacerbated during the pandemic in the context of increased demand for gloves. Attempts at remediation are shown to operate through both a reconfigured value chain in which power shifted dramatically to the manufacturers and a context where public procurement became higher in profile than ever before. It is argued that the purchasing power of governments must be leveraged in ways that more meaningfully address labour issues, and that this must be part of value chain resilience. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Global Networks is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)


The constitution of a national security state transformed the United States into a new kind of secret society after World War II, one in which state power rests to an unprecedented degree precisely on the ability of officials to manage the public-secret divide through the mobilization of threat. This secrecy/ threat matrix marks all state secrets as equivalents of the atomic secret, making revelation a matter not just of politics but of the life or death of the nation-state. The Cold War arms race — founded on the minute- to-minute possibility of nuclear war — installed the secrecy/threat matrix as a conceptual infrastructure, enabling a new species of politics in the United States. Instead of enabling a system in which knowledge is power, the national security state's system of compartmentalized secrecy produces a world in which knowledge is increasingly rendered suspect. This is a profound shift in how secrecy functions socially. In such a nation-state, secrecy becomes an increasingly pathological administrative form, one that prevents confidence in knowledge


Nowadays, with the ever-increasing use of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in parallel with developments in sensor and wireless communication technologies, modeling of these networks has also become essential. The analytical modeling is one of the basic approaches used for testing WSNs and verification of their abilities. The goal of this study is to build an analytical model for the performance metrics that allow making an integrated evaluation of a WSN application. The effects of the application layer components with the routing, MAC and security protocols on the performance metrics are obtained by using an analytical model based on an example WSN application scenario. The results obtained from the analytical models by using technical specifications of a common WSN node (MICAz) are presented and discussed.


We study the existence, formation and dynamics of gray solitons for an extended quintic nonlinear Schr\"odinger (NLS) equation. The considered model finds applications to water waves, when the characteristic parameter $kh$ - where $k$ is the wavenumber and $h$ is the undistorted water's depth - takes the critical value $kh=1.363$. It is shown that this model admits approximate dark soliton solutions emerging from an effective Korteweg-de Vries equation and that two types of gray solitons exist: fast and slow, with the latter being almost stationary objects. Analytical results are corroborated by direct numerical simulations.


Kahlil Olmstead, general manager of G.O. Services and director of community outreach with Gilbane Building Company, joined mayor Thomas Menino and other area businesses in the 10th annual Walmart Teen Challenge Golf Classic. The event raised money for Teen Challenge Boston Men's Campus, a program that provides youth, adults and families with an effective and comprehensive solution to problems with addiction. The Golf Classic was just one of the ways Gilbane is reaching out to help members of the Boston community. Other recent community involvement by Gilbane includes a strategic alliance with the Madison Park Technical Vocational High School in Roxbury to reach young people with an aptitude for engineering and construction management during their formative years; renovating the soup kitchen at Haley House; and volunteering with the ACE Mentor Program and Rebuilding Together Boston. In addition, Gilbane is reaching out to area workers with its M/WBE Contractor Training Program, currently in its second year. Gilbane has developed this 'best practices' program for small M/WBE businesses in the construction trades. Class topics include accounting, cost estimating, marketing, safety, procurement, technology, project management, insurance, purchasing, scheduling, business development, risk analysis, and financial management in an effort to increase the competition in the marketplace and give minority contractors the tools to compete at the highest level. Shown (from left) are: Kahlil Olmstead, general manager of G.O. Services and director of community outreach with Gilbane Building Co.; mayor Thomas Menino; and Jeannette Gerald, business consultant for the Minority Business Development Agency Business Center,


This article explores the constructions and dynamics of subaltern migrant subjectivities in three arrival cities, Athens, Istanbul and Nicosia. The paper draws on empirical research in three cities geopolitically located in the most south-eastern part of the Mediterranean basin and the boundary triangle connecting Europe, Asia and Africa. This is essentially a process where the will, agency and praxis of subaltern migrants in the context of social struggles are interwoven with precarious spaces. Precarity is at the core of their daily existence: precarious labour, precarious stay and precarious lives. The generation, maintenance, evolution, even erosion of mobile commons are consequential of social processes and struggles driven by subaltern and precarious subjects, migrants and non-migrants alike. The article explores how the generation of claims to rights is restructuring Lefebvre's 'right to the city', as new forms of commons through mobility, resistance and digital materialities are contesting the sovereign governance and surveillance technologies in Europe and beyond. The paper contends that such perspectives from the borders of Europe, that is, in and out of Europe, are not only crucial to the understanding of what is happening in Europe, but are an advanced glimpse into potentialities of the world ahead.


The authors have developed a real-time PC-based multistage system for automated detection of epileptiform discharges (EDs)-spikes and sharpwaves-in routine and long-term EEG recordings. A central component is an expert system which uses spatial and temporal contextual cues in the EEG to detect EDs and to reject non-epileptiform waves. The spike detection system has been evaluated in a major clinical study by comparison of automated analysis with independent results from three electroencephalographers (EEGers). The data comprised 521 consecutive routine EEG recordings (173 hours). The system detected 36 of the 38 EEGs containing definite EDs-a sensitivity of 95%-had an average false detection rate of 0.29 EDs/hour, less than 1% of that reported in studies of other ED detectors. The results of this study confirm that the authors' system is at the forefront of efforts to automate the detection of epileptiform activity in the EEG.


21st February - One month after violent incidents in the SOCFIN plantations in Sierra Leone leading to brutal repression by security forces, the death of two people and 15 people arrested, Sierra…