This paper developed a sensitivity analysis method for FE simulation of CFRP drilling process to rank the parameters in order of importance. Firstly, a FE model of CFRP is established using ABAQUS/Explicit. A standard twist drill is imported from stp-formatted files, then it is meshed using C3D4 element and treated as rigid body. The CFRP is modeled as a shell and 2D Hashin Criteria is used to represented the damage. Secondly, a back-propagation artificial neural network is established and trained with the data generated by the FE models using different parameters, which is designed by uniform design method. Lastly, the sensitivity analysis of the back-propagation artificial neural network is carried out using analytical method. The sensitivity of the parameters in the FE model is calculated using a MATLAB program.


Business ethics is the organized analysis of ethical principles relating to business, industry, commerce, trade and other related activities, institutions, beliefs, and practices. There is definite interdependency between ethics and business ethics. In recent years banking sector has faced various events of frauds, internal oppression, greed, low ethical values, internal control, increasing NPA's due to these events the ethical principles in banking sector has faced poor performance. This study focuses on whether unethical practices have led to bank frauds, has greed played a major role in rising frauds, NPA's and economic slowdown, at the same time, study show the present problems in banking standards of ethics and frauds which negatively affects the financial institution. This paper is aimed to reflect when banks fail to meet the ethical standards, main frauds and problems in past two years of banking ethics result in social and economic drop and create irrelevant friction in the economy.


Based on the performance data of the weapon, through index system hierarchy, the calculate platform for battle effectiveness index of weapon calculated the battle effectiveness indexes by layer. The Calculate Software is made up of the database module, the index system management module, the weapon management module and the calculate management module, all the management modules shared and communicated the data through the Database. It calculates the battle effectiveness index of the weapons according to the operation rules, which is designated by user in the index system and the tactics and technology index of the weapons.


A method of studying the progressive crystal lattice changes occurring in a series of alloys or mixed crystals is described. This method compares the Bragg angles of x‐ray reflection from a standard crystal with those of the crystal being studied. The important features of the method are simplicity and high accuracy (0.002 percent), which is attained without the use of an accurately calibrated angle scale. The theory of the method is discussed and two examples of experimental data which have been obtained are given.


The aim of this study is to show whether contract production between seed and food potato producers lessens market uncertainty, reduce welfare losses for both parties and increase efficiency in the entire potato chain. These problems were approached from the point of view of the principal-agent theory combined with dif- ferent contract models. Results indicate that no contract model provided seed potato producers with average positive net profits, and profitability ratios for seed potato farms stayed below one. The results indicate that seed potato producers trading on a fixed-price and pre-emptive market could sell their seed potato for 13 per cent less than on a transaction market, but with equal net profits. The more consistent supply chain leads to less market uncertainty. If the food potato producer was not party to the contract, there was no marked decrease in market uncertainty. With contract production the needs of contract parties could be controlled, but it will be up to the objectives of the party offering the contract, which party in the potato chain most benefits from the contract production.


The current conception of Browning's reputation before his marriage is based to a large extent on that little book of pleasant and readable scholarship by Professor T. R. Lounsbury, The Early Literary Career of Robert Browning. Lounsbury attempted to show that Pauline (1833) and Paracelsus (1835) were surprisingly well received for first poems; that Strafford (1837), a bad play, chilled this initial enthusiasm; and that Sordello (1840), a foolishly obscure poem, killed all enthusiasm except in a few. He went on to assert that the effect of Sordello lasted for many years, and that thereafter there was an ignorance "almost incredible" among "the great majority of the most highly educated class," even among those "distinguished in letters," and that this ignorance did not begin to lift until the publication of The Ring and the Book (1868–69).


Healthcare organizations that have adopted computer-assisted coding (CAC) applications have benefited from enhanced coder productivity, elimination of manual processes, flexibility of remote coding, improved coding accuracy and consistency, and an overall more manageable and auditable coding process. However, coding and compliance managers, even early adopters, are often more comfortable using CAC technology based on natural language processing (NLP) for the simple cases. For radiology, this might be screening mammograms and two-view chest x-rays. In emergency medicine, it may be the cases with low medical risk, like otitis media and ankle sprains. The justification is that CAC technology works well for the simple cases, but it just isn't there yet for more complex coding. In this paper, we define three dimensions that characterize complexity beyond categorization by medical specialty or setting. Also, we present an analysis of CAC performance for two more complex coding areas: evaluation and management (E&M) coding for emergency medicine and interventional radiology.


Objectives: Several studies have focused on the relationship among serotype distribution, ethnical status and geographic populations, and periodontal conditions. Studies that have investigated the prevalence and the distribution of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes and the relation between the different serotypes of the bacterium and periodontal status were reviewed. Material and Methods: A systematic literature search for publications regarding the distribution of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes in subgingival samples of periodontitis patients and periodontally healthy subjects by employing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted. Results: From the 85 studies identified in the first analysis, only 12 met all inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical isolates from diverse geographic populations with different periodontal conditions were evaluated. Serotypes a, b and c were largely found, and serotype c was the most prevalent. They were isolated from various periodontal conditions, including aggressive periodontitis. Conclusions: The available literature suggests that serotypes a, b, and c are globally dominant, serotypes d and e are rare, and the prevalence of the most recently identified serotype fis still unknown. It is widely accepted that distribution patterns of A. actinomycetemcomitans vary among subjects of different ethnicity and geographic regions. The correlation of different serotypes with various periodontal conditions remains unclear. Key words:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, serotypes, periodontal disease, prevalence.


Software Process Improvement (SPI) intends to recuperate software processes to realize high quality software. But numerous SPI initiatives predominantly in the case of software Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are failed to achieve desired results as certain issues occur during this
 progression. Objective of this research work is to facilitate the efficacious SPI implementation in the case of software SMEs that develop healthcare applications. The study identifies and ranks common SPI implementation issues in the case of related SMEs. For this purpose, two questionnaire
 surveys have been performed by involving relevant software industry practitioners. In the first survey, by providing a literature-based list of SPI issues, we have solicited respondents to choose common issues or resistant factors for SPI in the case of SMEs that deal with healthcare application
 development. We have also requested the practitioners to mention the issues that they have been generally spotting during the SPI in case of pertinent SMEs but have not been mentioned in the given list. During the second survey, by employing two rounds of the Delphi method, practitioners have
 ranked the commonly transpiring SPI issues regarding SMEs that deal with the development of healthcare applications. The ranking is based on the issues' impact having four categories: catastrophic, serious, tolerable and insignificant. To incorporate various SMEs standards that are followed
 worldwide, the concept of 'common/shared range standard' is presented. The study identifies 26 SPI issues in the case of SMEs that develop healthcare applications whereas top 10 issues instigate from finance and management. To enable swift and fruitful SPI in the case of pertinent SMEs, this
 study suggests that the 26 identified issues must be tackled proactively whereas financial and managerial issues must be given top priority.


The application of a single high dose of Dexmedetomidine reduced norepinephrine release by as much as 92% in young healthy volunteers. The release of epinephrine is also reduced by the same amount . The baroreceptor reflex is well preserved in patients who received Dexmedetomidine, and the reflex heart rate response to a pressor stimulus is augmented. These results illustrate that cardiovascular response is evoked mainly by decrease in central sympathetic outflow. After clinical approval of Institutional Ethical Committee Clearance and informed written consent of 90 patients of ASA physical class I and II who were posted for elective Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH). The study population was randomly selected based on the closed sealed opaque envelope technique. The mean duration of surgery in Group-B was 61.00±13.60min, Group-D was 66.33±12.79min and Group-F was 67.33±10.72min. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean duration of surgery among three groups (P>0.05). Statistically there was no significant difference in DBP (mm of Hg) measured at various intervals throughout the surgery among the groups (P>0.05).


Objective  To analyze the examination of close contacts of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients and the detection of pulmonary TB patients in Shaanxi province. Methods  The performance of screening of 190 542 close contacts of newly registered smear positive pulmonary TB patients in Shaanxi from 2012 to 2020 was analyzed. The relevant information of the close contacts were collected and input into Excel database. SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis. Results  The screening rate and examination rate of the close contacts of smear positive pulmonary TB patients in Shaanxi were 99.89% and 84.92%. The detection rate of TB patients and smear positive TB patients were 1.56% and 0.03%. The examination rate of close contacts, the annual detection rate of TB patients and the detection rate of smear positive TB patients showed an overall upward trend. The detection rate in family members, symptomatic patients were higher than that in non-family members and asymptomatic patients. The differences in the examination rate, detection rate of TB patients and detection rate of smear positive TB patients among all groups were significant. Conclusion  It is important to conduct early detection of TB in close contacts of newly registered smear positive TB patients.


Rebalancing US Forces: Basing and Forward Presence in the Asia-Pacific. Edited by Carnes Lord and Andrew S. Erickson. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2014. Hardcover: 226pp. Can the United States rely on its land bases, major naval surface combatants, and above all, its fleet of formidable nuclear-powered aircraft carriers to sustain a forward military presence in the Asia-Pacific region in the coming decades? This is the key question for Carnes Lord and Andrew Erickson, the editors of Rebalancing US Forces: Basing and Forward Presence in the Asia-Pacific. For nearly seven decades, US strategy in the Asia Pacific has remained relatively constant: to maintain a robust forward and active presence coupled with bilateral alliances to ensure peace, stability and prosperity. Since the end of the Cold War, however, East Asia's regional strategic template has become progressively more complex and multifaceted with the confluence of unresolved historical legacies in traditional flashpoints such as the Korean Peninsula, Taiwan Straits, territorial disputes in the East and South China Seas as well as a range of non-traditional security challenges such as energy and cyber security. Above all, however, it is China's increasing power projection capabilities embedded in the People Liberation Army's (PLA) growing technological developments, including long-range precision-strike assets, that is gradually redefining the regional military balance and subsequently US strategy. In particular, China's asymmetric "counter-intervention" concepts and weapons technologies, designed to deny the American military and its allies the freedom of action in China's "near seas" by restricting deployments of US forces into theatre (anti-access) and denying them freedom of movement there (area denial), amplify the magnitude of strategic and operational challenges for US commanders in the region. In this context, Lord and Erickson argue that the current constellation of US forward bases in East Asia--"main operating bases" with a permanent US military presence, "forward operating sites" maintained by a relatively small US support presence for temporary deployments and "cooperative security locations" designed for contingency use with little or no permanent US presence--will become increasingly vital, yet paradoxically vulnerable (p. 9). The question of the long-term strategic effectiveness of America's forward presence in the region is analyzed in detail through select case studies of Guam, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Singapore, the Indian Ocean and Central Asia. Chapter One, by Andrew Erickson and Justin Mikolay, focuses on the increasing geostrategic importance of Guam as a "sovereign anchor of American force posture in East Asia" with a potential "to play a key supporting role in military operation across the region" (p. 17). Here, the authors map the diverse factors, situational advantages as well as challenges that both enable and constrain the deployment and basing of more US ships and submarines. On one hand, for example, Guam allows for a rapid response to regional contingencies by reducing transit times for submarines and other pre-positioned naval and air power assets. On the other hand, however, Guam's Naval Base requires "significant infrastructure and equipment upgrades" (p. 20) to support US forces in the region, and perhaps more importantly, mitigate the increasing risks and vulnerabilities to China's precision-strike missiles. Guam therefore represents a key benchmark for basing resource allocation and development necessary for the United States to retain its Asia-Pacific leadership in the future. In Chapter Two Toshi Yoshihara explores the strategic ramifications of China's increasingly sophisticated arsenal of conventional ballistic missiles for the US forward presence in Japan and US-Japan defence cooperation. This chapter is noteworthy as it analyses not only Chinese strategic assessments of the importance of US naval bases in Japan, but also how these bases fit into the PLA's evolving missile strategy and doctrine. …


Next year, 2010, is destined to be a landmark year in Tonga's history, in which we will witness the most significant changes to the country's political institutions since its iconic Constitution was promulgated 134 years ago. In July last year, the government put into effect a plan that would lock reform processes into a statutory timetable. The act establishing the Constitutional and Electoral Commission requires it to submit recommendations with draft legislation within 10 months of appointment—that is, by 5 November 2009—with the intention that, after consideration by the Legislative Assembly and passage of legislation, the assembly elections will be held in 2010 under the changed system. Concerns have been expressed, however, about the short time frame, and it might be too soon to tell whether 2010 will fulfil its destiny.


"Then what is your ma, Darl?" I said. "I haven't got ere one," Darl said. "Because if I had one, it is was. And if it is was, it can't be is. Can it?" "No," I said. "Then I am not," Darl said. "Am I?" "No," I said. I am. Darl is my brother. "But you are, Darl," I said. "I know it," Darl said. "That's why I am not is. Are is too many for one woman to foal." —Faulkner, As I Lay Dying 101, emphasis original


AIM: To observe the effects of oxidized free radical(OFR) on dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase(DDAH) activity and concentration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs),and to investigate the metabolic mechanism of endogenous NOS inhibitor and the role of carvedilol.METHODS: HUVECs of 3-6th passage,cultured with modified Jaffes' method,were divided into three groups:(1) cells cultured with equivalent DMEM medium as control;(2) OFR intervention groups,0.01 mmol/L,or 0.1 mmol/L OFR was added respectively;(3) drug intervention groups: 0.1 mmol/L OFR plus 10 μmol/L carvedilol.ADMA,nitric oxide(NO),endothim(ET),L-citrulline concentrations and the activity of NOS in conditioned medium were measured after 24 h exposure.ADMA concentration in the conditioned medium was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.Western blotting was performed to evaluate DDAH expression.RESULTS: Compared with control group,ADMA and ET concentrations were increased,while the level of NO and the activity of NOS decreased and relevant to the concentrations of OFR.We assayed DDAH activity by determining L-citrulline formation from ADMA.The concentration of L-citrulline was decreased,while the DDAH expression had no obvious change.With the role of carvedilol,ADMA,ET concentrations were decreased,while the level of NO,L-citrulline and the activity of NOS increased.CONCLUSION: Endothelial dysfunction induced by OFR is associated with the increase in ADMA concentration and reduction of DDAH activity,but not DDAH expression.Carvedilol promotes the degradation of ADMA through increasing activity of DDAH and improving endothelium function.


Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) remains a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality for cancer patients. With a better understanding of it, better methods can be used. The primary objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of BSIs in our institution, and the second was to determine the possible risk factors associated with them. Materials and Methods: Data of cancer patients from 2009 to 2015 at our institution were included. Medical information and blood cultures were analyzed to determine the BSI rate. The χ2 and Fisher exact tests were used for categorical data and to determine risk factors associated with BSIs and pathogens. Results: A total of 565 (8.6%) events were diagnosed with BSIs. Although Gram-negative bacteria (52.6%) were the most commonly isolated pathogens, Gram-positive microorganisms (45.0%) were also prevalent. Oral and gastrointestinal organisms were common. Pathogens were more likely to be identified in patients with central venous catheters and in patients with prolonged neutropenia (P<0.05). Conclusions: This study provides updated epidemiology in BSIs and helps with the prevention and management of suspected BSIs in vulnerable patients. Better anti-infection therapy could be provided to these patients based on the isolated pathogens.


This work has focused on the identification of secondary metabolites possessing antibacterial activity in two isolates collected from the Trondheim fjord. The isolate MP 113-05 was collected from ...


The plan of virtual PLC system is brought forward based on configuration software MCGS.An actual control system and a virtual control system are given respectively according to an example of liquid mixing control system.The steps to construct a virtual control system using MCGS are also presented,and how to construct a remote virtual control system based on WEB is discussed.


Under the big background of "public entrepreneurship, people's innovation", entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities has been paid more and more attention. However, due to the lack of experience accumulation, the entrepreneurship education resources in colleges and universities haven't met the demands of college students' innovation and Entrepreneurship. To solve this problem, this paper proposes "Bi-directional" entrepreneurship education model, which aims to meet the needs of students' innovation and entrepreneurship education through the integration of school resources and social resources, and avoid the shortage caused by the inefficient use of educational resources. In addition, in order to maintain the sustainable development of entrepreneurship education, this paper promotes the improvement of "Bi-directional" entrepreneurship education model, along with bringing into broader ecological environment of entrepreneurship, and finally puts forward some suggestions. Both the model and the suggestions have good feasibility. Keywords— Entrepreneurship Education; Maker Space ; Maker


Exercise index value index value calculation device capable of improving the accuracy of the index value calculation method, to provide a recording medium storing an index value calculation program and the index value calculation program. Based on the expected time curve representing the relationship between the predetermined time interval and the work rate curve representing the relationship between the maximum work rate at that time interval, the work rate based on the amount of work required for the exercise and the time required for the movement, the calculating optimum work rate is indicative for the movement and / or the best time.


In the framework of airframe noise, computational aeroacoustic methods give results which have to be compared with experimental measurements. Such a validation process requires to perform aerodynamic measurements in high quality flows, and acoustic measurements in an quiet and anechoic environment. The French Aerospace Lab (ONERA) launched the EXAVAC experimental programme in order to constitute a complete aeroacoustic database. Measurements were carried out in two ONERA's test facilities : the F2 aerodynamic wind tunnel and the CEPRA19 acoustic wind tunnel. The test model is a NACA0012 airfoil with a blunted trailing edge. This paper describes the experimental programme and its principal results. The growing interest for aerodynamic noise generated by civil aircrafts in approach, primarly generated by high-lift systems and landing gears, strongly stimulates the development of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods and Computational AeroAcoustic (CAA) methods. Whereas CFD methods aim at reproducing unsteady flows around airfoils, CAA methods are intended to simulate the acoustic radiation of aeroacoustic sources through mean flow, which is non-uniform near airfoils and uniform in the far field. Today, these numerical methods give results which have to be compared with experimental measurements. Therefore, the need for fundamental experiments intended to a validation process of CAA methods is critical, both for aerodynamicists and acousticians. Such a validation process requires aerodynamic measurements in high quality flows, and acoustic measurements in an quiet and anechoic environment. The best way would be to carry out all measurements in the same test facility, but such installations are very rare and inevitably lead to compromises. Indeed, aerodynamic wind tunnels are often noisy and incompatible with any acoustic measurement, whereas anechoic wind tunnels are seldom convenient for local flow measurements using traditional probes (pitot tubes, hot wires, etc.) or laser velocimetry (particule image velocimetry, laser doppler velocimetry, etc.). Another approach consists in successively performing aerodynamic measurements and acoustic measurements in two different test facilities. Of course, that supposes to check flow reproducibility between installations, and thus to carry out a minimum of aerodynamic measurements in the acoustic test facility to correctly align the model with respect to the flow. If this aspect is fulfilled, the approach makes it possible to choose test facilities whose equipments and characteristics are perfectly adapted to each type of measurements. EXAVAC programme (Experimental Aerodynamic and Acoustic programme for the Validation of CFD/CAA methods applied to airfoil noise prediction) aims to constitute a complete database on an academic airfoil in terms of unsteady aerodynamics and acoustics. The test model is a NACA0012 airfoil with a chord length of 0.5 m, a span length of 1.4 m, and a blunted trailing edge with a thickness of 2.5 mm. Measurements were carried out in two ONERA's test facilities : the F2 aerodynamic wind tunnel and the CEPRA19 acoustic wind tunnel. This paper describes the experimental programme and its principal results.


Two of the extensions of the basic rough set model introduced by Pawlak in 1982 is the rough sets on fuzzy approximation spaces introduced by De et al. in 2003 and its extension rough sets on intuitionistic fuzzy approximation spaces in 2006 by Tripathy. The model of Tripathy is dependent upon an intuitionistic fuzzy proximity relation. In an attempt to handle multiple granulations simultaneously two types of multigranulations called the optimistic and pessimistic multigranulation were introduced by Qian et al. in 2006 and 2010 respectively. The notion of multigranular rough sets over intuitionistic fuzzy approximation spaces were introduced by Tripathy et al. in 2018. Topological properties of rough sets, introduced by Pawlak have been studied extensively for different types of rough sets by Tripathy et al. Continuing this, here we introduce and study the concept of topological properties of multigranular rough sets on intuitionistic fuzzy approximation spaces.


This paper has two contributions: (1) we attempt to propose that a combination of RDF and OWL with SOAP is useful for building semantic Web services (SWS); (2) we show how to combine them technical ...


Tennis rackets have advanced significantly since the invention of the game in 1874, including innovations in both shape and materials. Advances in these design parameters have implications for racket performance, especially swing speed. This study tested one hundred rackets, spanning brands and eras, using simple, portable instruments in order to pilot protocols and make recommendations for streamlining testing procedures for tennis rackets. A wide range of properties were measured and documented for each racket. We suggest that since Transverse and Lateral Moment of Inertia are well correlated, measuring both is not necessary when processing a large number of rackets. In addition, it is also possible to predict the Transverse Moment of Inertia well from models that use simple dimension and mass measurements, which may be preferable in larger studies. Exploring the use of more complex modelling will allow us to better understand the impact of tennis racket design on performance in the future.


A numerical investigation of the actively controlled flow over the flap of a generic high-lift configuration is conducted solving the unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS). At a Reynolds number of Re = 750 000 an active flow control mechanism with periodic suction and blowing through slots near the flap leading edge is applied in order to achieve an extra gain in lift. Previous results have shown that the mean aerodynamic lift can be enhanced by excitation with continuous and segmented slots. On this basis it is assessed whether the vortex structures on the upper side of the flap can be positively influenced by dividing the slots into two segments with variable length in the spanwise direction. Those two segments are actuated with and without a phase shift. Furthermore, a variation of the actuation frequency and the blow out angle is conducted. Nomenclature bs actuation segment width in the spanwise direction c, ck ,c s clean chord length, flap length (ck =0 .254c), slat length (cs =0 .158c) cL lift coefficient Cμ momentum coefficient Cμ = H·b s c·s ua u∞ 2


On July 19, President George W. Bush vetoed a bill that would have allowed a modest extension of embryonic stem-cell research. Dr. Robert Schwartz writes that this veto will result in a terrible waste: tens of thousands of fertilized eggs will be destroyed without a single one being permitted to contribute to our knowledge of cell differentiation.


This study aims to simplify the current flood mapping methodology, so it can be done in quicker time, easy to learn, but still produce accurate flood information to support the emergency responses. This study is divided into two activities: Survey development and flood mapping methods; Field survey and mapping to test the developed method. The method development was then conducted by examining the simple methods in the flood mapping survey and then testing it in the field. The results of these trials were then evaluated to determine the most effective and efficient methods. The utilization of free android mapping application to conduct flood survey shows satisfactory results. Based on two trials, it was known that it takes only 4 hours to conduct a 15 km survey of Citarum River segment. The mapping shows that the flood areas in Baleendah and its surrounding reached 763 Ha and 794 Ha respectively on 25 December 2014 and 13 March 2016. In addition, the method developed is also relatively easy to use, so it is expected to trigger the local communities to play an active role in disaster prevention efforts, especially in emergency response by providing accurate information about the flood inundation areas.


Obesity alters the composition of plasma and tissue fatty acids (FAs), which contributes to inflammation and insulin resistance. Several studies have reported obesity and insulin resistance are associated with altered levels of linoleic (18:2), dihomo‐gamma linolenic (20:3), arachidonic (20:4), and nervonic (24:1) acid in total plasma phospholipids (PPLs). However, few researchers have investigated whether these FA changes are specific to individual phospholipid (PL) classes (e.g., phosphatidylcholines [PCs], sphingomyelins [SMs]). The objective of this study was to determine whether specific PPL species containing 18:2, 20:3, 20:4, and 24:1 in plasma are associated with obesity. At time of enrollment, blood samples were collected from fasting subjects (males ages 48–65). Plasma was separated and stored at −80ºC until analysis. Crude plasma lipid extracts were analyzed using UPLC‐MS on a QTof mass spectrometer using reversed phase UPLC, electrospray ionization, and non‐selective multiplexed collision‐induced dissociation in negative‐ion mode. Data were processed using MarkerLynx version 4.1 which identified 410 lipids. Orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) was used to compare obese (n=52) to lean (n=28) individuals and to generate an S‐plot of PL variables of importance (VIP) that distinguish obese from lean PL profiles. VIPs >2 were tested for statistical differences between lean and obese individuals using a Mann‐Whitney nonparametric U‐test. Obesity was inversely associated with the following PL species: lysoPC(18:2) p<0.0005, lysophosphatidylethanolamine(18:2) p<0.01, PC(plasmenyl‐16:0/18:2) p<0.0001, and SM(d18:2/24:1) p<0.05. Obesity was positively associated with PC(16:0/20:3) p<0.0001, PC(18:0/20:3) p<0.0001, and PC(16:0/20:4) p<0.0005. Therefore, we suggest that the previously reported changes in PPL 18:2, 20:3, 20:4, and 24:1 likely occur in these specific PL species. Future studies should investigate whether and how altered levels of these PL species influence obesity‐associated pathologies and examine their usefulness as predictive biomarkers of metabolic dysregulation.


Push content to provide a system located within a mobile network or a private network terminal. The system includes a network node, such as a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) proxy, a network across the public network including the terminal opposite. The network node can push service on behalf of the terminal has subscribed to the network node can receive push content in accordance with the push service. Thereafter, the network node and the terminal can establish a network-initiated data session. In response to the network-initiated data session, the network node is further capable of registering the terminal so that the terminal can receive the push content according to the registration.


Dumond, Don E. 1997. The Machete and the Cross: Campesino Rebellion in Yucatan. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Reed, Nelson. 1964. The Caste War of Yucatan. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Rugeley, Terry. 2009. Rebellion Now and Forever: Mayas, Hispanics and Caste War Violence in Yucatán, 1800–1880. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Sullivan, Paul. 1989. Unfinished Conversations: Mayas and Foreigners between Two Wars. New York: Knopf.


Objective To summarize the nursing of patients with laryngectomy to improve the curative effects.Methods Perioperative comprehensive nursing measures were taken to cope with the potential complications after laryngectomy.Results 50 patients got complete healing at Stage I,and the other 2 cases got delayed healing.One case got wound infection 4 days after operation and recovered 10 days later.Another case of diabetes got healing after relative treatment.No fistula occurred in any case.10 cases got complete laryngectomy.Others all regained the function of producing sounds.36 cases could speak 12 to 20 days after operation,and others needed training of pronunciation.4 cases could speak freely but slightly.Two other cases regained speaking ability after 4 to 8 weeks of training.46 cases could take in water 10 days after operation.Only 4 cases had slight choking and coughing,and could take in food.Two cases suffered from moderate or severe choking and coughing.Conclusion Good preoperative and postoperative nursing,paying attention to patients' emotional and mental changes,the cooperation between the medical staff and patients and the prevention of the complications are the keys to successful operations.


According to the theory of target-directed deformable warhead,a structural model was designed and an experiment of explosion was carried out.Based on the experiment results,the finite element analytic model was established.By utilizing the code LS-DYNA,the deforming process of the deformable warhead and the projectile process of its fragments were numerically simulated.The results of simulation and experiment show that the density and velocity of the fragments are greatly enhanced in the target direction and the simulation is consistent with experiment.


Study on efficacy of Diclofenac ban and its aftermath effect on Gyps vulture status was conducted in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve in Nepal. Nest survey of the Gyps vulture and questionnaire survey was carried out. Gyps vulture nest were not found in the area. However, a flock of soaring vultures was observed one morning. Use of diclofenac was found to be stopped suggesting Gyps vulture potential recovery in the area. Gyps vulture did not appear to be food limited given that the half of the people practice open disposal of carcass. Nonetheless, further study and monitoring of the Gyps vulture is warranted given the fact that there were not any nests of the vultures in the area.


We review the development of the infinity concept and continuous mathematics from ancient times to the present day. To the critical analysis of the application of the infinitesimal in the mathematical modeling in XVII- XVIII centuries is given special attention. It is noted necessity of development methods for the analysis of finite small disturbances in computer simulations. The problem of the adequacy of the linear approximation of mathematical and computer models is under discussion. We investigate the influence of finite small disturbances into elements of model to quality of localization solutions of the model which is based on the methodology of options sequential analysis. The results of numerical experiments and taken into account the level of systems conditionality and algorithms (the mantissa length in the numbers representation) are given.


Sepsis is a deadly condition that develops when the host immune system is ill equipped to respond to infection. Delays in the appropriate identification and management of sepsis in health care facilities can lead to organ failure, which is associated with


Department of Materials, Faculty of Engineering of Guaratinguetá-Paulista State University"Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Brazil Department of Aerospace Science and Technology-DCTA, Aeronautics and Space Institute-IAE, Brazil Institute for Advanced Studies-IEAv, Department of Aerospace Science and Technology-DCTA, Brazil Applied Physics and Mathematics, Post-Graduation in Space Sciences and Technologies-PG/CTE, Technological Institute of Aviation, ITA, Brazil


.001, for clinical respiratory distress 13% ± 13.9 versus none 62% ± 22.9 p <0.001, for RO-with severe lung lesions 47% ± 30.4 versus RO-without severe lung 69% ± 5.9 p0.04. There was a tendency for the independent prognostic impact of severe lung involvement; aHR = 1.7 (95% CI: 0.92 to 3.13, p=0.09). Summary/Conclusion: Although the lung is a low -risk organ per se in LCH, our study demonstrates a non negligeable prognostic impact of severe lung involvement in the risk stratification of pediatric LCH. This warrants further study and external validation


BACKGROUND: The platelet storage lesion is characterized metabolically by a pH decrease associated with lactic acid generation; a change in platelet morphology from discoid to spherical; a diminished response to in vitro challenge tests, such as the hypotonic shock response (HSR) and extent of shape change (ESC); increased surface P‐selectin expression; and decreased in vivo recovery and survival. Altering storage conditions to improve these measures could allow for extension of the duration of in vitro storage.


A study on the practicality of DSP implementation of multiuser detection techniques for CDMA systems has been performed. This study was started with an evaluation of various multiuser detection techniques described in literature based on their bit-error-rate performance, required knowledge of received signal parameters and computational complexity. As a result of this evaluation the blind adaptive MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) detector and the PIC (Parallel Interference Cancellation) detector are found to be the most suitable detectors for implementation. Further analysis of these detectors lead to an adaptive algorithm for implementation of the blind adaptive MMSE detector and two methods for implementation of the PIC detector. The developed implementations for these detectors were tested for various CDMA system and detector parameters using simulations. Simulation results were also used to study the effect of detector parameters on detector performance and to compare the detectors to each other. The simulation results show that the bit-error-rate performance of the blind adaptive MMSE detector is superior to the conventional CDMA detector in perfect power control CDMA systems as well as CDMA systems that suffer from the near-far effect. The PIC detector has similar performance as the blind adaptive MMSE detector in perfect power control systems. In systems that suffer from the near-far effect the PIC detector does not perform well because of the amplitude estimation technique it uses. The blind adaptive MMSE detector has been chosen for DSP implementation, because of its better overall bit-error-rate performance and because no DSP implementation of the blind adaptive MMSE detector is known in literature. The developed DSP implementation of the blind adaptive MMSE detector has been used to evaluate the detected-bits-per-second performance that can be achieved by this detector on the current generation of DSPs.


Self‐efficacy, defined as an individual's own judgment of their abilities to successfully perform a task, influences student motivation and impacts such areas as academic achievement, selection of activities, and persistence. The purpose of this study was to investigate first year medical student self‐efficacy for the anatomy curriculum, focusing on self‐efficacy at the beginning of the anatomy curriculum and its potential relationship to gender. First year medical students (male, n = 74; female, n = 66) completed a survey prior to beginning an anatomy course. Data collected from the survey included anatomical self‐efficacy ratings and anatomical experiences prior to medical school, which were analyzed using ANCOVA and ANOVA. When controlling for academic ability, females had significantly lower anatomical self‐efficacy at the beginning of the course than did males [F(1, 137) = 7.886, p = 0.006]. However, there was no significant difference (p = 0.203) in anatomical experiences prior to medical school between genders, even though it is these personal performances that provide the most reliable and influential information for accessing one's self‐efficacy. Impacts on teaching methods and student selection of a medical specialty are discussed. [This project was supported by the Fund for the Development of Post‐Secondary Education, US Department of Education.]


This paper presents a multi-scale approach to the modeling of subgrid-scale (SGS) stresses in turbulent flows. An expression is derived that couples the SGS fluctuations to the resolved field with a dynamically-determined constant. From this expression the SGS stress may be computed. The approach is investigated in detail for isotropic decaying turbulence. A numerical a priori comparison of the method in predicting the eddy viscosity exhibits good agreement with direct numerical simulations. In particular, the method appears to perform well even when the energy-containing eddies are in the SGS part of the spectrum.


The general problem of optimizing the design of planar electromagnetic pulse radiators is discussed. It is shown that bounds on the performance of such radiators can be determined by formulating field quantifies as inner products and solving a variational problem. Results of a simple example are given where the bound on the peak electric field is round for a finite-sized radiator having a current distribution which is frequency band-limited. The bound on the peak electric field component along an arbitrary orientation of direction in the radiator's far field is also presented. These results provide insight into the synthesis of electromagnetic pulse radiators, but further work is necessary if the technique discussed here is to lead to the design of improved electromagnetic pulse antennas.


We present Hubble Space Telescope near-infrared camera and multiobject spectrometer observations of the reflection nebulosity associated with the T Tauri star HH 30. The images show the scattered-light pattern characteristic of a highly inclined, optically thick disk with a prominent dust lane whose width decreases with increasing wavelength. The reflected nebulosity exhibits a lateral asymmetry in the upper lobe on the opposite side to that reported in previously published Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 images. The radiation transfer model that most closely reproduces the data has a flared accretion disk with dust grains larger than standard interstellar medium grains by a factor of approximately 2.1. A single hot spot on the stellar surface provides the necessary asymmetry to fit the images and is consistent with previous modeling of the light curve and images. Photometric analysis results in an estimated extinction of AV ≳ 80; however, since the photometry measures only scattered light rather than direct stellar flux, this a lower limit. The radiative transfer models require an extinction of AV = 7900.


We review the basics of the dynamics of closed strings moving along the discretized line \Z. The string excitations are described by a field \phi_x(\tau) where x is the position of the string in the embedding space and \tau is a semi-infinite ``euclidean time'' parameter related to the longitudinal mode of the string. Interactions due to splitting and joining of closed strings are taken into account by a local potential and occur only along the edge \tau =0 of the semi-plane (x, \tau).


While making a statistical inquiry into the commodity structure of world trade in an article which appeared in this Journal in August 1943, Albert Hirschman devised a method for the subdivision of the foreign trade of individual countries into various categories of interchange.' Having applied this procedure to world trade as a whole, he then showed that the largest proportion of world trade consisted, each year between 1925 and 1937, of an exchange of primary products (foodstuffs and raw materials) against primary products (foodstuffs and raw materials).2 This led him to conclude that "the traditional view which believes world trade to be based primarily upon the exchange of manufactures against raw materials and foodstuffs is not even approximately correct."' I find this result rather surprising and am of the opinion that, attempting to match corresponding export and import items for each country (conveniently subdivided into the two broad categories of primary products and manufactured goods), Hirschman has not chosen the best hypothesis or the best procedure. Before I elaborate on two other alternatives, I believe that a brief outline of Hirschman's method is here in order. According to it, the exports of manufactures are matched against the imports of manufactures and the exports of primary products are matched against the imports of primary products on the assumption that exports provide in each instance the buying power for the corresponding imports. The amounts left unmatched are then postulated to represent the amounts of trade accounted for by the exchange of manufactures against primary products. Thus, for example, the conclusion reached by Hirschman on the basis of his Scheme III4


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the combination of enalapril and losartan in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction by means of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Patients with left-ventricular systolic dysfunction and ejection fractions of 40% or less were included to the study. All patients were under the treatment of enalapril 20 mg once daily. The study group consisted of 20 patients (18 men, 2 women; mean age ± standard deviation: 62.4 ±6.5 years) and the comparison group consisted of 10 (8 men, 2 women; mean age 59.3 ±11.9 years). The dose of 50 mg of losartan once daily was given additionally to the study patients. Breath-by-breath CPET was performed before administration of losartan and then 6-8 weeks later in the study group and 2 times with an interval of 6-8 weeks in the control group without any change in the treatment protocol. In the study group the average exercise times were 361 ±192 and 454 ±205 seconds (p=0.001) before and after the study. Peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2) values were 1,209 ±366 and 1,284 ±398 mL/minute before and after the study (p=0.01). Anaerobic threshold V̇O2 values were 785 ±187 and 855 ±217 mL/minute before and after the study, respectively (p=0.01). Peak heart rates (HR) were 141 ±28 and 143 ±22/minute (p=0.35); peak V̇O2/HR values were 9.02 ±3.1 and 9.3 ±3 mL/minute (p=0.4) before and after the study, respectively. On the other hand, in the control group, average exercise times were 556 ±250 and 528 ±251 seconds (p=0.8); peak V̇O2 values were 1,502 ±537 and 1,450 ±501 mL/minute (p=0.2); and anaerobic threshold V̇O2 values were 1,005 ±338 and 975 ±319 mL/min (p=0.7), before and after the study respectively. At the highest comparable exercise stage for both tests in the study group the expired volume/oxygen consumption (V̇E/V̇O2) ratio declined from 35.1 ±6.2 to 32.4 ±5.6 (p=0.007). V V̇E values declined from 37.5 ±10.9 to 33.9 ±10.1 L (p=0.02); heart rate declined from 140 ±27 to 132 ±21/minute (p=0.02). No significant change was observed in the mentioned values for the control group. Addition of losartan to the standard therapy in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction improved exercise capacity and caused lower heart rate and ventilation requirements for the same exercise level.


THE Malaysian economy is on a stronger footing,
which augurs well for another year of healthy
growth in 2017, economists said.The country's economic fundamentals remained intact, and should
see improvements in gross domestic product (GDP) growth this year and the next, albeit at a slower pace, said Universiti Utara Malaysia Asian Research
Institute of Banking and Finance director Dr Irwan Shah Zainal Abidin.


Mechanical ventilation (MV) is critical for the survival of patients with respiratory distress, but it can also exacerbate their symptoms: a condition called ventilator‐induced lung injury (VILI). Innate protection to attenuate VILI symptoms includes adenosine (Ado), an anti‐inflammatory mediator known to promote resolution of pulmonary edema. Airways‐localized Ado is a breakdown product of ATP by ectoenzymes, and high level of ATP has been found in the airways at the onset of MV treatment. Since stretch is a potent ATP secretion stimulus, this elevated ATP level has been explained by the intense deformation experienced by lung cells during MV. While ATP‐permeable channels or exocytosis have been frequently proposed as probable mechanisms for mechanosensitive ATP release, the pathway for cell stretch‐induced ATP secretion remains to be firmly identified. Here, we present an investigation on alveolar cells with a quantitative ATP imaging technique.


This timely book raises questions about education and compassion in a thoughtful and reflective way. Peterson seems to have been stimulated to write this book because of his 'concerns about the inc...


A unified approach in solving equilibrium problems of standard cells of membrane structures made of various absolutely flexible materials, including anisotropic (orthotropic) materials is presented in this paper. The objects of study are rectangular membranes under various conditions of fixing and/or supporting. The problems were considered in a geometrically nonlinear formulation, with the deformations and the squares of the rotation angles thereunder being considered to be comparable with each other, but small compared to unity. A resolving system of differential equations in partial derivatives written in displacements is obtained therewith. These equations combining with the presented boundary conditions are numerical models of a number of fragments of real membrane structures. The closed nonlinear system of equations was integrated using the discrete braking method. Therewith both longitudinal and transverse vibrations of anisotropic masses were analyzed using a conditional dynamic model to select the initial values of the displacements. The problem of equilibrium of a square isotropic membrane with a free boundary under a uniformly distributed load is presented as an example. The resulting graphs and tables show the distribution of forces and displacements. They may be used for calculating membrane structures. The developed technique may be applied to those values of the initial parameters under which the calculations have not yet been made.


Presents a knowledge-based VLSI design system CHARM (chip architecture maker), which starts with a high-level algorithmic behavioral description of the problem and produces a nontopological chip-architecture plan. Attention is given to the motivation for this approach, a description of the method, the structure of the tool and its environment, the architecture of the expert system, type of knowledge and representation, and problem-solving strategies. Finally, implementation notes and an example are given.<<ETX>>


The crystal structure of the title compound, C18H11ClN2O4, contains intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds that link the ketone and hydroxyl groups. The intermolecular hydrogen bond results in the formation of a dimer with an R22(12) graph-set motif.


A key systems engineering tool in the management of the Space Telescope is the use of error budget "margins", or resource reserves, which are put aside and used subsequently either to lower cost or alleviate unforeseen problems. Most margins are used during the design process to act as a resource pool from which to draw in resolving unforeseen technical difficulties or in avoiding cost growth. These error budgets and their margins become the central element in the evolution of a sophisticated space optical system from concept to application. This paper illustrates this by examples drawn from Perkin-Elmer's recent experience with the Space Telescope.


Objective To investigate the pollution of ventilated system in air conditionin public in order to present evidence to hygiene management.Methods To take out 20 ventilated system in air condition from every kind of public in Shenzhen and check the sweep degree of each part.To ine the legionella in cooling tower water.PM10 in air condition,aerobic bacterial count,aerobic molds count and the content of staplococcus hewolyticus.Results 250 parts from 20 air condition system.24% in all had dust,5% had bilge,but no milden.The total average of the pollution in air condition were:PM10 was 0.12?mg/m\+3,aerobic bacterial count was 291?cfu/m\+3,aerobic molds count was 273?cfu/m\+3 and sterptococcu shemolylicus not be chenked out;10% PM10 and 5% aerobic bacterial count was over the standard;legionella not be found in 49 cooling tower water.Conclusion The problem existed in the ventilated system in air condition in public.The hygienemanagement must be go on enhancing.


Targeted drugs have significantly improved the therapeutic options for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, resistance often develops, negating the benefit of these agents. In the present study, the molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance towards the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) in a RCC in vivo model were investigated. NMRI:nu/nu mice were transplanted with Caki-1 RCC cells and then treated with VPA (200 mg/kg/day). Controls remained untreated. Based on tumor growth dynamics, the mice were divided into "responders" and "non-responders" to VPA. Histone H3 and H4 acetylation and expression of cell signaling and cell cycle regulating proteins in the RCC mouse tumors were evaluated by Western blotting. Tumor growth of VPA responders was significantly diminished, whereas that of VPA non-responders even exceeded control values. Cdk1, 2 and 4 proteins were strongly enhanced in the non-responders. Importantly, Akt expression and activity were massively up-regulated in the tumors of the VPA non-responders. Chronic application (12 weeks) of VPA to Caki-1 cells in vitro evoked a distinct elevation of Akt activity and cancer cells no longer responded with cell growth reduction, compared to the short 2 week treatment. We assume that chronic use of an HDAC-inhibitor is associated with (re)-activation of Akt, which may be involved in resistance development. Consequently, combined blockade of both HDAC and Akt may delay or prevent drug resistance in RCC.


There has been unprecedented advancement in our knowledge about many specific aspects of voice disorders and related conditions in the last two decades. Despite this, practising speech-language pat...


A particular form for the quantum indeterminacy of relative spacetime position of events is derived from the context of a holographic geometry with a minimum length at the Planck scale. The indeterminacy predicts fluctuations from a classically defined geometry in the form of ''holographic noise'' whose spatial character, absolute normalization, and spectrum are predicted with no parameters. The noise has a distinctive transverse spatial shear signature and a flat power spectral density given by the Planck time. An interferometer signal displays noise due to the uncertainty of relative positions of reflection events. The noise corresponds to an accumulation of phase offset with time that mimics a random walk of those optical elements that change the orientation of a wavefront. It only appears in measurements that compare transverse positions and does not appear at all in purely radial position measurements. A lower bound on holographic noise follows from a covariant upper bound on gravitational entropy. The predicted holographic noise spectrum is estimated to be comparable to measured noise in the currently operating interferometric gravitational-wave detector GEO600. Because of its transverse character, holographic noise is reduced relative to gravitational wave effects in other interferometer designs, such as the LIGO observatories, where beammore » power is much less in the beam splitter than in the arms.« less


The multi-version coding problem described previously by Wang and Cadambe is motivated by applications to distributed storage and computing. Here, we consider a modification to the previously described multi-version coding problem that retains the essence of the earlier definition, and show that our modification leads to a reduced storage cost. We consider a setting where there are n servers that aim to store ν versions of a message, where there is a total ordering on the versions from the earliest to the latest. We assume that each message version has size log 2 M bits. Each server can receive any subset of the ν versions and stores over an alphabet of size q a function of the message versions it receives. The (n, c, ν, M, q) multi-version code we consider ensures that, a decoder that connects to any c of the n servers can recover the message corresponding to the latest common version stored among those servers, or a message corresponding to a version that is later than the latest common version. Unlike our earlier paper, we allow for the message version that is decoded to be one that is later than the latest common version. Through an achievable scheme and a tight converse, we describe the optimal multi-version code for ν = 2 versions from the perspective of the storage cost log 2 q/ log 2 M. In particular, we show that for ν = 2, the optimal multi-version code has a storage cost of 2/c+1 when c is odd and 2(c+1)/c(c+2) when c is even. We also present achievable code constructions for arbitrary values of the parameter ν.


We present the first electronic excitation spectrum of gold atoms inside helium nanodroplets as well as a new approach for the study of optical properties of deposited Au nanoparticles synthesized inside helium nanodroplets. The Au-HeN excitation spectrum exhibits characteristic blue shifted and broadened features caused by the interaction of the atom with the surrounding helium. For the study of deposited Au nanoparticles electron energy-loss spectroscopy is applied, enabling the investigation of localized surface plasmon resonances of selected, individual nanoparticles subsequently to their preparation in helium nanodroplets.


Hydraulic fracturing is a widely‐used technology in the field of energy exploitation. The relevant study is intricate owing to the crack‐inducing instability and the coupling between different constituents in stratum. The proposed model is based on the phase‐field theory and extended to the Theory of Porous Media. The former removes crack discontinuity by substituting sharp crack with smeared one and the later provides clear and distinct description of multi‐phasic material in macroscopic scale. A new variable, the order parameter ϕ is imported to characterise material as unbroken porous media and the crack zone, the evolution of which is governed by potential energy of solid. With the change of ϕ, the stiffness of solid is decreasing while the fluid transport is transferring from Darcy‐type to Navier‐Stokes‐type. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Introduction: Effective communication set a platform where parents feel connected with his or her doctors, which can ultimately improve health, mediated through participation in care.
Aims: To Assess the interpersonal communication skills of Paediatric resident doctors.
Settings and Design: Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.
Methods and Material: - A cross-sectional study was conducted among all Pediatrics trainee residents working in department of Pediatrics, Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. A standardized self-administered questionnaire (Interpersonal Communication Skill Inventory) was used to assess the IPC skills.  The inventory has four sections which includes, delivering clear messages, active listening, giving and getting feedback and handling of emotional interaction while communications.
Statistical analysis used: The data were tabulated and analyzed with SPSS-19 and Fisher exact probability test was used to compare the data.
Results: Total of 45 residents was assessed, male were 19 and female were 26.  Age of resident doctors was between 25 to 30 yrs. Out of 45 residents, 57.8% were confident in sending the clear messages 31.1% were active listener, 20% were confident in giving and the getting the feedback, and 15.5% were confident in handling the Emotional Interactions. Female residents were confident in giving and getting feedback (p=0.01) and handling emotional interactions (p=0.03). Increased in experiences improves handling emotional interactions (p=0.03)
Conclusions:  The delivering clear messages and active listening during conversation improved with experience whereas, to improve skills like handling emotional interaction and giving and the getting feedback of resident doctor would require structured training program.


Fractal theory is usually used to investigate the topography of machined surfaces, but the relationship between fractal dimensions and wear rate is less studied. A contribution in this field is proposed with wear tests performed on the AISI 1046 steel after the grinding by use of the P80, P180 and P320 abrasive sheets. A 3D fractal study of the worn surfaces is carried out by using power spectral density (PSD) in order to examine the relationship between rate of wear and its 3D fractal dimension. The 3D fractal analysis of the worn surfaces showed that higher values of fractal dimensions indicate a larger real contact area and therefore a better wear resistance of the AISI 1046 steel.


Studies examining the association between life-history strategies and behavior can help inform our understanding of the fitness consequences of reproductive behaviors. Breeding migrations are common in numerous taxa and often represent an important reproductive cost. We examined body mass changes of spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum) during their seasonal breeding migrations to determine the influence of breeding behaviors on reproductive costs. We sampled salamanders entering and exiting a 0.92-ha ephemeral wetland in the North Carolina Piedmont using a 400-m drift fence completely encircling the wetland. Traps were checked daily during annual breeding migrations in mid-January to early March of 2013 and 2014. The relationship between body mass changes and explanatory factors including sex, duration of stay at wetland, and distance between site entrance and exit were examined using a set of candidate linear mixed models selected a priori and compared using Akaike's information criterion. Female salamanders lost a greater percentage of body mass during the time in the wetland than males as a result of oviposition. Model selection identified duration of stay as the most important predictor of female body mass change with greater duration of stay associated with lower mass loss. In males, percentage mass loss was most closely associated with site entrance–exit correspondence with greater distance between entrance and exit sites associated with greater mass loss. These data demonstrate both the importance of wetland entrance–exit sites and duration of stay at the wetland in determining mass change during spotted salamander reproduction and also that these relationships can differ as a function of sex. Taken together, our findings provide a potential link between behavior, life-history cycles, and costs experienced during reproduction.


The employee is one of the most valuable assets in any company, and of the employees the management group or executives are particularly valuable because of their training, motivation, and high degree of technical and administrative skill. A health maintenance scheme for the executive is an essential part of any industrial medical programme. Its main object is the detection of disease in its incipiency in order that corrective action may be taken so as to maintain him in good health and increase his longevity and efficiency.


ing with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from email@example.com. © 2019 Association for Computing Machinery. 1550-4859/2019/11-ART4 $15.00 https://doi.org/10.1145/3364697 ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, Vol. 16, No. 1, Article 4. Publication date: November 2019.


Narrative is an ancient practice still woven throughout our modern society in a myriad forms ranging from novels to computer games, yet the field of narrative inquiry is among the youngest of research approaches, and hence among the most swiftly evolving. This dissertation explores a newly emerging form of narrative inquiry in an education context, ―Narrative as Research (NAR).‖ The dissertation first examines the familiar form of narrative inquiry in an education context, which draws upon standard research instruments (e.g., interviews, journals), engages with collaborative participants, and subsequently restories the participants' experiences via narrative composition. I term this approach, ―Research as Narrative (RAN),‖ and examine it in terms of: Dissemination and Audience; Data Collection and Analysis; Purpose Statement and Themes; Narrative as Experience; Language and Narrative Form; Subjectivity and Generalizability; Evaluation Criteria; Companion Academic Document (CAD). I then explore the newly emerging NAR approach using the same discussion topics (i.e., Dissemination and Audience, et al.), juxtaposing NAR against RAN. In contrast to RAN, in which the narrative composition process is secondary and collaboration with research participants is vital, NAR foregrounds the narrative composition process as the primary means of knowledge gathering and does not rely upon collaborative participants. After this exploration of NAR, I engage in NAR via three novellas of my own composition. These novellas involve my entwined fields of academic interest as a researcher: education, art, and fiction.


OBJECTIVE
This scoping review identifies and maps the breadth of available evidence on relatives' wants and needs for involvement throughout the course of the disease of patients with a malignant brain tumor.

INTRODUCTION
Patients diagnosed with a malignant brain tumor often have a poor prognosis, including a rapid progression of the disease, with changing physical, cognitive, and psychosocial symptoms. The caregiver burden is described as multifaceted, and relatives often neglect their own physical, emotional, and social needs.

INCLUSION CRITERIA
This review included studies that defined or assessed the wants and needs for involvement of relatives of patients with a malignant brain tumor throughout the disease and treatment trajectory. The populations were relatives of patients with a malignant brain tumor in various settings.

METHODS
The JBI methodology for scoping reviews was employed in accordance with a previously published a priori protocol. An extensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL (EBSCO) and Embase (Ovid). Gray literature was searched for using Grey Matters (CADTH) and BASE. The initial search was conducted in February 2020 and updated in March 2022. This review was limited to studies published since January 2010 in English, German, or Scandinavian languages. The data were extracted using a data extraction tool (authors, year of publication, country of origin, setting, study methods, and findings related to wants and needs for involvement) created by the authors. Textual data mapping of wants and needs for involvement were synthesized narratively using a basic qualitative content analysis The review findings are reported in this paper as a descriptive summary, with tables and figures to support the data.

RESULTS
The search identified 3830 studies, of which 10 were included. The studies were conducted in 6 countries and were published between 2010 and 2018. In total, 4 studies applied a qualitative study design that used semi-structured interviews, 2 studies applied a mix-method design that used questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, 1 study applied a multi-method design, and 3 studies used a quantitative survey. Research was conducted in a variety of settings, from an inpatient neurology center/neuro-oncology to post-bereavement. The findings showed that most of the relatives' needs were related to the caregiver role. The relatives were actively involved in the patients' disease and treatment trajectories. However, relatives were often required to adopt the caregiver role and a large amount of responsibility at short notice. Thus, they expressed their need for a stronger connection with health care professionals because their needs changed as rapidly as the disease progressed. Relatives also had a need related to maintaining hope, which was essential for their involvement, and their wants for involvement in the patients' disease and treatment trajectories depended on a significant and timely amount of information.

CONCLUSIONS
The findings reveal that relatives are actively involved in the patients' disease and treatment trajectories. The relatives want and need support for their involvement, and these desires are related directly to the accessibility and availability of health care professionals, as the demands placed on them change rapidly throughout the progression of the disease. One way to address relatives' wants and needs might be to further strengthen the relationship between the relatives and health care professionals.

SUPPLEMENTAL DIGITAL CONTENT
A Danish-language version of the abstract of this review is available as Supplemental Digital Content [http://links.lww.com/SRX/A26].


Introduction Advancements in radio/chemo therapies have significantly decreased the mortality rate in breast cancer patients; however, resistance and recurrence of the tumour are major concerns with these therapies. Recurrence after radiation therapy is initiated by a subpopulation that is highly radio resistant, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). One of the main ways of radio therapy to kill cancer cells is by increasing the cellular oxidative stress. Due to higher metabolic and proliferative rate, cancer cells become well-adapted to intrinsic oxidative stress. CSCs are quiescent and work under low levels of oxidative stress It is assumed that CSCs escape radio therapy by modulating redox homeostasis. Nrf2 pathway is a central cellular pathway that protects against oxidative stress. Nrf2 plays a dual role in cancer protection as well as cancer progression by up-regulating the expression of cytoprotective genes and reducing oxidative stress. In our study, we hypothesised that Nrf2 signalling pathway might be involved in radio resistance and low ROS levels in Breast CSCs (BCSCs). Material and methods MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were used for CSC isolation and CSCs were characterised by CD44+/CD24-/ESA+, ALDH+ activity. BCSCs were irradiated with fractionated dose of γ-radiation. Protein and mRNA levels were analysed by western blotting and real time-PCR respectively. Radio resistance was checked by colony formation assays. Results and discussions We observed an increase in the CD44+/CD24-/ESA+, ALDH+ population and expression of embryonic stem cell markers after fractionated irradiation. BCSCs and non-BCSCs were isolated as CD44+CD24-ESA+ and CD44-CD24+ESA-. We examined the ROS levels in BCSCs and non-BCSCs after fractionated irradiation. ROS levels were found to be decreased in BCSCs as compare to non-BCSCs after fractionated dose irradiation. We checked the radio-resistance in irradiated cells via radio-resistance assay. More numbers of radio-resistant colonies were formed in the fractionated dose irradiated BCSCs than non-BCSCs. Expression levels of Nrf2 and its downstream regulators were checked in fractionated dose irradiation and were found to be elevated in BCSCs irradiated with fractionated dose than non-BCSCs. Conclusion BCSCs have low levels of ROS and high levels of antioxidants which may contribute to the radio-resistance of BCSCs. Elucidation of role of Nrf2 in BCSCs resistance and tumour recurrence may provide an effective strategy to overcome radio-resistance.


Location-based services have become important in social networking, mobile applications, advertising, traffic monitoring, and many other domains. The growth of location sensing devices has led to the vast generation of dynamic spatial-temporal data in the form of moving object trajectories which can be characterized as big trajectory data. Big trajectory data enables the opportunities such as analyzing the groups of moving objects. To obtain such facilities, the issue of this work is to find a distance measurement method that respects the geographic distance and the semantic similarity for each trajectories. Measurement of similarity between moving objects is a difficult task because not only their position changes but also their semantic features vary. In this research, a method to measure trajectory similarity based on both geographical features and semantic features of motion is proposed. Finally, the proposed methods are practically evaluated by using real trajectory dataset.


This article brings forth the strength of women in the revival, restoration and protection of the environment through collective efforts and initiatives. A small village of Gujarat is the case study. A group of women took the leadership and worked day and night to resolve the issue of water crisis in their village and trained themselves as barefoot geologists and revived the traditional water reservoir. The availability and accessibility of sufficient water has changed the entire struggle chain of the community and brought new life in the way of development.


The fast development of transgenic food has brought great economic benefits over the world,but its concomitant problem of food safety also cannot be ignored.This review summarized the current situation and food safety of transgenic food.Finally,the system of evaluation and management of transgenic food in different countries also was presented.


The purpose of the work was to study the activity and kinetic parameters of isoforms of NO-synthase blood lymphocytes in women with ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is considered to be one of the most severe diseases of the female reproductive tract. The study of the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer is being directed to improve methods of diagnosis and detection of tumor formation process at an early stages. It is known that metabolism of L -arginine and synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in carcinogenesis and tumor growth. It is assumed that NO modulates can-cer-dependent events, including angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion imaginary affinity constant inducible isoform of NO-synthase to arginine was in 5.4 times lower than that of constitutive isoforms of NO-synthase of blood lymphocytes of the control group and inhibition of constitutive isoform occurs by competitive type –by reducing the rate of enzyme turnover.


Abstract Knowledge base management systems (KBMS) are designed to efficiently retrieve and manipulate large shared knowledge bases. A significant subclass of KBMS consisting of a combination of logic programming and database is often called a logic oriented knowledge base system (LOKBS). These systems must possess considerable processing and I/O capabilities so many approaches have been taken to the improvement of their performance. In this paper we review the current performance enhancing hardware approaches for LOKBS. We include parallelism, both in processing and I/O, algorithms, caching, and physical data organizations.


Historical records of indigenous cultures in South America describe early stimulant use by chewing leaves of the Erythroxylum coca plant, a practice that continues today. Cocaine was first used therapeutically in 1884 for ophthalmologic procedures. Amphetamines were first synthesized in 1887, and in 1932 they were first marketed medicinally in an inhaler form as a bronchodilator. Use of methamphetamine to enhance physical and intellectual performance began in the 1930s. These drugs have limited therapeutic roles but are widely used as drugs of abuse. Clinical e ects and toxicity are due to sympathetic nervous system stimulation.


This book examines one aspect of the life and thought of Francis of Assisi, founder of the Franciscan monastic order. Contemporary interest in Francis has focused on his attitude toward nature. Sorrell argues persuasively that Francis' ideas can only be properly understood in their thirteenth-century context. Through close analysis of Francis' writings, Sorrell shows that many of Francis' beliefs concerning the proper relation of man to the natural world have their antecedents in scripture and in the medieval monastic tradition. Other Franciscan ideas and practices, however, appear entirely original; his nature mysticism, his concept of familial relationships with created things, his extension of Christian almsgiving to creatures. Sorrell insists, however, that only by seeing Francis in terms of the Western traditions in which he arose can we appreciate the true originality of this extraordinary figure, and the relevance of his thought to modern environmental concerns.


Human eye is a special kind of optical system, and its imaging quality and fatigue level seem susceptible to the illumination. In this study we were sought to develop a novel method to quantify ocular fatigue more accurately, and to assess the influence of light environment on ocular fatigue. Human factor experiments were performed on a total of 1249 participants. Among all physiological parameters, only accommodation and the 12th aberration presented significant variations during visual tasks. We deducted the ocular fatigue equation based on these two parameters together with other structural data. Regression equation and neural network were also constructed as complements. As a test, we predicted the ocular fatigue accumulations in various visual tasks. It was implied the predicted fatigue accumulations fell in separate ranges. It seems the novel method developed in this study could predict ocular fatigue accurately, and provide guidance to luminaire design.


We develop a method for treating an interface between coexisting fluid phases to study its structure and thermodynamical properties. Our approach includes calculated correlation functions. Approximations are intrinsically optimized. The method is successfully applied to the liquid vapour surface of a Lennard-Jones fluid, to the liquid–liquid interface of a demixing system and to the surface of a Stockmayer liquid towards vapour. In all cases we compare our results to simulations. The agreement with simulation results demonstrates the reliability of our approximations and shows that the technique we applied provides a powerful and robust method for studying inhomogeneous fluids.


As the demand grows for electronics to become faster and more compact, the expectation for tomorrow's data center is no different. Like many of the current high performance data center installations, design considerations on all scales must be taken into account. The proposed solution does just this by looking at the entire cooling approach from the chip level all the way to the plenum level. The solution's enclosure, where all the heated elements are immersed in either FC-72 or Novec 649, has dimensions of 150 mm × 300 mm × 38 mm (H × L × W). The design is versatile allowing for either flow or pool boiling heat transfer. Under pool boiling conditions, heat transfer coefficients as high as 11.5 kW/m2. K were achieved with surface enhancements and maximum power dissipations as high as 320 W were yielded as chip temperatures were roughly 58 °C, well below typical operating conditions. With the introduction of dielectric fluid flow within the enclosure, maximum power dissipations achieved increased substantially, reaching 605 W, which corresponds to a volumetric power dissipation of 0.354 W/cm3.


Ovonic Threshold Switching Selector faces challenges of VTH stability in intensive applications due to relaxation and the degradation upon endurance cycling. This work investigates the first fire (FF) voltage effects and mechanisms related to the switching characteristics on GeCTe-based selectors. Higher VTH stability and more uniform Ioff-VTH control during endurance cycling were achieved by higher FF design. A power-law model with strong correlation between endurance and pulse-energy was also demonstrated in this study.


Abstract : The Tekscan pressure sensor system has been designed for relatively easy measurement of contact pressures between two opposing surfaces. However, several factors are known to affect Tekscan sensor output. This paper reports on two pilot studies which were done to investigate the effects of contact surface compliance and changes in the system hardware on Tekscan sensor output In the first study linear calibration curves were calculated for a single Tekscan sensor array placed on surfaces of varying compliance. The slopes of the curves and variability in both the slopes and intercepts were found to be affected by surface compliance. In the second study, absolute percentage differences in the raw output data bits between a series of Tekscan sensor-cuff combinations were calculated. These differences ranged from 5-32). The results of these studies indicate that careful attention must be paid to system set-up and calibration when using that Tekscan pressure sensor system to measure contact pressures.


A study by Gürbüzer et al. (using scintigraphy) showed that application of PRP on its own to soft tissue‐impacted mandibular third molar extraction sockets failed to increase the osteoblastic activity in postsurgical weeks 1 and 4 in comparison to non‐PRP‐treated sockets.[6] Similarly, in a prospective split‐mouth study conducted by Arenaz‐Búa et al., no further acceleration was observed in bone formation at 6 months.[7]


Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the relation of the kinetic MRI features of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with the histopathological prognostic factors of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four lesions of breast cancer patients were evaluated with using a 1.5 T MR scanner. The dynamic studies were performed in the axial plane with using T1 High Resolution Isotropic Volume Examination (THRIVE) so we obtained the time signal intensity curves. By considering the early peak signal intensity, the maximal signal intensity, the pre-enhanced signal intensity and the last signal intensity, we calculated the absolute value, percentage, slope of enhancement and the washout. The time of the early peak signal intensity and the time of the maximal signal intensity were obtained. We classified the early and delayed enhancement patterns. The kinetic MR features were correlated with the histopathological findings (the histologic and nuclear grades, estrogen receptor, progesteron receptor, Ki-67, p53 and c-erb B2). Results: The early peak signal intensity slope was significantly correlated with the histologic grade (I versus II, III), and the Ki-67 (p=0.045, p=0.009). Ki-67 was also significantly correlated with the time of the peak signal intensity and the time of the maximal signal intensity (p=0.009, p=0.045). Conclusion: Some of the parameters of the time-signal intensity curve of dynamic MRI were associated with the prognostic factors, so these MRI signs may be useful to noninvasively identify prognostic factors in the future.


The estuaries along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts support an important commercial and recreational fishery for the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun. In this environment individuals are exposed to aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, that contaminate these waters as a result of industrial discharges, municipal effluents, terrestrial runoff, and refinery processes. The present study focused on the histopathology of the juvenile C. sapidus chronically exposed to sublethal concentrations of benzene. Animals were maintained in the laboratory in a static system and dosed daily with 1 ppm benzene for 6 to 8 weeks. The midgut gland was removed from the crab, fixed in Maximov's version of Zenker's fluid for 24 hr, washed for 48 hr, dehydrated in ethyl alcohol, and embedded in Paraplast. Serial sections (8 pm) were washed, treated with Lugol's solution and sodium thiosulfate, and stained with Mallory's triple connective tissue stain. Reserve inclusions (ri's) in C. sapidus are associated with the connective tissue throughout the animal and are particularly abundant in the midgut gland.' The materials stored in the ri's include hemocyanin and other glycoproteins, as well as lipoand mu cop rote in^.**^ Johnson' has suggested that the stored chemicals are used by C. sapidus to sustain other tissues during stressful situations such as disease, starvation, and winter semihibernation. In addition, she has indicated that the ri's of the midgut gland of mature blue crabs are sensitive to the physiological state of the animal and show variations throughout the intermolt cycle. Therefore, the present study examined the ri's of the midgut gland from control and benzene-exposed crabs in the postmolt, intermolt, and late premolt stages of their cycle. A greater number of ri's are present in the midgut gland of control vs. experimental animals in both the postmolt and intermolt stages of the cycle (FIGURES 1 and 2). These results indicate that the response to sublethal concentrations of benzene may involve utilization of the materials stored in the ri's. Comparison of the tissues from animals in the premolt stage reveals no difference in the number of ri's between control and experimental animals (FIGURES 1 and 2). This suggests that these animals may require a minimum amount of reserve materials prior to successful ecdysis. Cantelmo et ~ 1 . ~ have shown that exposure to benzene prolongs the intermolt stage of these animals. Perhaps part of this delay is related to the additional time needed for the storage of materials before ecdysis can proceed. The four cell types typical of the tubules of the midgut gland were also examined. The E-cells are the mitotic cells a t the apex of each tubule; R-cells function as absorptive and storage cells for lipids, calcium, and other substances; B-cells are responsible for secretion of digestive enzymes; F-cells possibly have a secretory function and are thought to be precursors of B-ce l l~ .~ The R-cells in control crabs in the intermolt stage possess a highly vacuolated cytoplasm. However, the R-cells in crabs treated with benzene have a much denser, less vacuolated appearance (FIGURES 1 and


This study was aimed to demonstrate how the analysis of the impact on confidence in the safety-conscious organizations target the clothing distribution center employees and organizational commitment. Safety awareness of employees of the clothing distribution center safety rules, safety education, road safety interests, divided into risk handling and trusted organization with the emotional trust and cognitive trust, organizational commitment was divided into affective, cognitive and normative commitment. Data collection was surveyed 185 people clothing distribution center workers, tested the hypothesis through regression analysis. The results are safety conscious exerts a positive effect on organizational trust, organizational trust was found to have a positive impact on organizational commitment.


Social business (SB) as a category of organization that seeks to create long-term economic and social value for the majority of the people has attracted the attention of policy-makers, practitioners, and scholars. Some authors highlight the role that multinational corporations (MNCs) have in mitigating social and environmental problems by offering products and services to meet the demands of lower-income populations. Based on a discussion of social business and such initiatives inside MNCs, this article investigates how the Brazilian subsidiaries of two large MNCs (Coca-Cola and Danone) are performing SB in a developing country. More specifically, we focused on how they are using their marketing know-how to achieve the desired results. The cases were chosen based on their global relevance, reach, and representativeness in SB efforts. Our study has shown that their social initiatives are linked to the corporate mission, values and strategies, and that they aim to achieve social transformation in connection to their core business. Our goal is to contribute both to academic research and to future initiatives in Brazil and other developing countries.


A number of studies have indicated the potential benefits that breastfeeding has on reducing childhood obesity, but few studies have evaluated the effect on adolescent obesity. We examined the association between breastfeeding and overweight or obesity at 15 years of age using data from a large nationwide longitudinal study launched by the Japanese Government in 2001.


We deal with the problem of optimal estimation of the linear functionals constructed from unobserved values of a continuous time stochastic process with periodically correlated increments based on past observations of this process. To solve the problem, we construct a corresponding to the process sequence of stochastic functions which forms an infinite dimensional vector stationary increment sequence. In the case of known spectral density of the stationary increment sequence, we obtain formulas for calculating values of the mean square errors and the spectral characteristics of the optimal estimates of the functionals. Formulas determining the least favorable spectral densities and the minimax (robust) spectral characteristics of the optimal linear estimates of functionals are derived in the case where the sets of admissible spectral densities are given.


Because of the development of technology in today's world, there is no one who does not have information about at least one media platform. The main activity of the media is advertising and they often have a great impact on the individual, but also on society as a whole. With the advent of the Internet, the way of communication has changed greatly, both in business and in the way of communication between individuals. The Internet is evolving more and more every day, so the application of new media on the Internet is necessary. The topic of this paper is to show how new media affect sales from the perspective of sellers, as well as from the perspective of buyers, and which legal framework of electronic business is necessary to know in order for sales to be realized in a legal way.


Seat assembly for use are provided in supporting an occupant in an automobile, the seat assembly is in a state throughout the seat frame (20) and the seat frame is operatively secured to the seat frame, the seat assembly with suspension material (12) for supporting the occupant. A plurality of adjustment assemblies (22) are operatively coupled to the suspension material (12) to the seat frame (20). Each adjustment assembly (22) has an operatively coupled the adjustable attachment bracket (26) to the stationary bracket fixed to the seat frame (20) (24) and stationary bracket (24). Suspension material (12) is fixed between the adjustable attachment bracket (26) and stationary bracket (24). The tension of select portions of the suspension material can be selectively adjusted in response to movement of the adjustable attachment bracket relative to a stationary bracket.


To the Editor: Burn is a type of injury that is common to children and is likely to endanger the child's lifelong health, reduce the family's well‐being, and increase the social burden of disease and economic losses. A 2017 report by the World Health Organization indicated that an estimated 180,000 deaths every year were caused by burns, which occurred especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries.[1] In developing countries, such as China, the hospitalization costs for pediatric burn patients have increased rapidly in recent years.[2] In addition, serious sequelae of burns such as cicatricial contracture cause dysfunction or disability and growth disturbances and affect the quality of life of children and their families. Multiple surgeries for dealing with burn scars lead to long length of hospital stay (LOS) and also cause children to be absent from school and reduce the working hours of parents.


Collaborative partnerships provide the foundation for much of human life, in love and in work. They certainly provide an ongoing source of great happiness and meaning as well as frustration and pain. This paper and the two that follow grow out of two overlapping questions: How can educators and psychoanalysts—in general—learn from one another? And, what are the obstacles and opportunities that advance and/or restrict parents, educators, and school-based mental health professionals from working together to support the K–12 student's ability to learn? For the last few years, the American Psychoanalytic Association has supported a Liaison to School Committee (founded by Phyllis Cath and Diana Manning with the support of Marvin Margolis). This committee hopes to further a psychoanalytic tradition of thinking about applying analytically informed ideas to the education of children as well as creating a forum for teachers and analysts to learn from one another. From the first hours of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud and his "Wednesday night" colleagues wondered how they could apply analytic ideas to the education of children, among them, their own. These meetings opened an evolving dialogue about the application of psychoanalytically informed thinking and work to the education of young children. Freud came to consider such an application as "perhaps the most important activity of psychoanalysis" (Freud, 1933, 146). Over the last eighty or so years, psychoanalysts and educators have worked together in two major ways: organizing and directing psychoanalytically informed schools, and providing consultative assistance to educators about a given child, school, and/or larger educational


During the past few years many noteworthy technolog, ical advances have been made in the processing of uran~ ium ores. Processes which previDusly were unknown in the field of hydrometallurgy have been developed and now are used in many Df the dDmestic uranium mills. AdditiDnally, these processes, particularly ion exchange and solvent extraction, are finding application in the re, covery of other metals from their ores. Rather than attempting to summarize the developments in uranium ore processing Dver the past several years, this paper is intended to introduce the reader to those proces ... ses most commDnly used. The particular uranium recovery process emplDyed in each of the uranium mills in the Western United States is shown in Table 1, along with the plant location and the approximate tonnage of ore treated daily. By the latter part of 1958 when all 23 mills shown in the table are in operation, and if the contemplated prDcess changes are completed in a few of the mills now Dperating, the breakdown by prDcesses will be as follows:


In the past, most Hidden Markov models based on time series only used the original HMM model. The single-layer models (HMMs) structure has a big problem, and it isn't straightforward to play its due role when it is necessary to make fine adjustments to the scene. So it was impossible to entirely and flexibly perform user behavior. This paper performs feature extraction and analysis of user behavior data of time series. The data labels should be added after the parameters obtained by statistical methods for clustering to obtain the first hidden state, and the layers are further layered according to working hours and outside working hours. The experimental results show that the method has strong applicability and flexibility, and can quickly detect abnormal behavior.