The desire to increase bandwidth efficiency in an all-IP infrastructure in the presence of reduced spectrum and increasing demand for connectivity has led to several developments in IP header compression techniques. In recent years, there have been several IP header compression schemes developed in industry specifically for wireless networks including RObust Header Compression (ROHC) and IP Header Compression (RFC 2507). ROHC and IPHC (RFC 2507) have been adopted by several commercial cellular networks and military networks as one of the techniques for implementing IP header compression. In addition to ROHC and IPHC which were designed primarily for one-hop wireless networks, MANET IP Header Compression (MIPHC) was defined to help bridge the gap to multi-hop MANETs. To evaluate the effectiveness of IP header compression schemes on multi-hop MANETs and other networks, we implement simulation models of ROHC, IPHC, and MIPHC and evaluate their performance under various conditions in a mobile ad hoc network. The results show that although ROHC was designed specifically for one-hop cellular networks and context is required to be maintained per hop per IP flow, its performance is fairly good in multi-hop MANETs.


Based on the reality of regional differences in economy and development foundation in Yunnan, the author discusses on how to achieve the target of building the all-round well-off society, analyses the regional, stressing and phasic features of the economy in Yunnan, demonstrates the regularity of the economic operation, and puts up some suggestions on the target, keystones and ways in layout of the development.


An intelligent Recommendation App has been developed to assist caregivers. This project's primary objective is to assist parents in determining whether a particular movie/cartoon/drama is adequate for their children by providing ratings that will assist them in identifying age-appropriate content. This application will provide reliable evaluations, reviews, and recommendations to parents. Each rating and review are based on fundamental, essential child development principles. Intelligent Recommendation Agent aids families in making intelligent media selections. It provides the most extensive and reliable database of learning ratings, age recommendations, and content evaluations for films, television series, and dramas. In addition, there will be a list of abusive words from the content with its subtitles so that parents can identify appropriate content for children. By limiting their child's exposure to violent acts, parents can play a positive role in their child's life by using this application. Movies with positive role models can also have a positive effect on children.


The human cerebral cortex is the main organ responsible for our cognitive abilities, e.g., our abilities to use language and math, to reason and theorize, and to read and write articles such as this one, essentially defining who we are and what we do, and, most importantly, storing a lifetime of experience. The critical cell type underlying these functions is the neuron. The human neocortex contains ≈1010 neurons (1), and, understandably, the question of how and when these crucial cells come into being is fundamental to both normal and pathological conditions and behaviors. The modern era of understanding the time of origin of the neurons of this remarkable structure began with the use of a by-product of the atomic age, i.e., the radioactive nucleotide tritiated thymidine, to sequence the production of the cortical layers in mice (2) by exploiting its ability to incorporate into the DNA of proliferating cells. In this issue of PNAS, Bhardwaj et al. (3) exploit the ability of another by-product of this era, i.e., the dramatic elevation in atmospheric 14C levels from the early aboveground nuclear tests, to incorporate into DNA (4) to resolve one of the hottest controversies in modern neuroscience. The question is: Are the neurons of the adult human cortex produced prenatally and then stably retained for our entire lifespan? Or are some new neurons produced in the adult and then integrated into the preexisting circuitry of the cortex? In essence, the issue is "How old are the neurons in our cortex?" Are they constantly renewed like the cells of the skin or the gut, or must the cortex make do for a lifetime with an initial set of neurons?


The decrease of the deposition rate of SiO2 sputtered films is investigated by using time-of-flight apparatus. It is found that the increase of signal intensity of H atoms corresponds to the decrease of the deposition rate of SiO2 films, which confirms the reports by Hosokawa that the absorbed H2O at the target surface is the most important factor affecting the decrease of the deposition rate of SiO2 films.


The topic of the article Anatomical states – between pathology and visual expressiveness may be further approached from several perspectives: the disease itself, transposed into images in various works of art as a symbol of human suffering, from the perspective of medical illustration or the rendition of medical acts, but also from the perspective of the suffering artists, who depicted their physical or mental traumas in their own paintings. In art, there are several recurring themes centred on the human body, such as: the death of the body versus the immortality of the soul, the young body as a symbol of beauty versus the aged body, the ability to control one's own body, self-preservation and survival instincts, the fight against disease, addictions and their impact on a person's health and state of mind. The article discusses facets of the disease as well as visions of the human body captured in the visual arts, from the theme of the Danse Macabre in the Middle Ages to Dr. Tulp's Anatomy Lesson by Rembrandt or the aesthetic vision of Egon Schiele. Another topic approached is the correlation between emotional states and body attitudes or visual metaphors, by using art as a way to exorcise inner demons, in the conception of Van Gogh, Frida Kahlo or Käthe Kollwitz, or to test the limits of the human body, like in the works of Marina Abramovic.


To improve energy efficiency and packet delivery ratio in WSNs. We propose a two-hop geographic opportunistic routing (THGOR) protocol that selects a subset of 2-hop neighbours of node which have higher packet reception ratio and residual energy as the next forwarder node, it also selects 1-hop neighbours that have excellent coverage of 2-hop neighbours as relay nodes. The proposed protocol is compared with geographic opportunistic routing (GOR) and efficient QoS-aware geographic opportunistic (EQGOR). GOR and EQGOR select a forwarding sensor node on the basis of distance. However, GOR and EQGOR results in lower packet delivery rate, and quick depletion of energy. The THGOR is comprehensively evaluated through NS-2 and compared results with EQGOR and GOR. Simulation results show that THGOR significant improvement in packet advancement, reliable transmission, energy efficiency and optimises packet transmission delay.


A deaf, mentally retarded, 60-kg, 1%yr-old male with NF, hydrocephalus, and associated increased intracranial pressure (ICP) was scheduled for elective VP shunt placement. Past surgical history included a number of surgical procedures (craniotomy and gamma knife) to decrease intracranial tumor mass. The increased ICP was due to brainstem compression and secondary obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow by two large cerebellopontine angle tumors. Small nerve sheath tumors of the left cranial nerves IX and XII were present, as well as tumors arising from cranial nerves III, IV, and V. The patient suffered from symptoms of upper airway obstruction upon falling asleep for the last year, but the cause for this had not been fully elucidated. He aspirated occasionally when eating and drinking. Increased ICP was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging and by the presence of papilledema. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental250 mg, fentanyl 100 Fg, and rocuronium 60 mg intravenously to facilitate rapid sequence endotracheal intubation. The trachea was easily intubated with an &O-mm endotracheal tube. No upper airway abnormality was noted during laryngoscopy. The case proceeded uneventfully, and at the end, neostigmine 2.5 mg/ kg and glycopyrrolate 0.6 mg / kg were administered intravenously to reverse residual neuromuscular blockade, as assessed clinically and with a nerve stimulator at the ulnar nerve. The patient was tracheally extubated while awake and breathing spontaneously, with adequate tidal volumes. Upon arrival in the postanesthesia care unit, the patient developed upper airway obstruction that was easily relieved by a jaw thrust. Although the patient was fully awake, he obstructed if jaw thrust was released. Nasopharyngeal airways were inserted bilaterally, but the patient remained unable to maintain his airway. He was anesthetized, and his


Abstract : This paper presents calculations to determine the relation between ignition delay time in a gas suspension of a uniformly reacting fuel and different initial process parameters. In the case of an aggregate of uniformly reacting particles the amount of gas oxidizer and solid fuel burned up will affect the heat and mass exchange processes differently.


The purpose of this study was to analyze demonstratively the influence of the introduction of a large discount store on the land use of the surrounding areas. The case areas of this study are Jeonju and Namwon to compare the similarities and the differences between the two regions. In case of Jeonju, a discount store is located in a new urban district. In case of Namwon a discount store is located in an existing urban area. The content of analysis of each case study region is composed of three parts: the total characteristics of changes in region, characteristics of changes in districts of region(street district and inside district), and the characteristics of changes in floors of region. The followings are the summary of the results of this study. Firstly, one of the total characteristics of changes in land use of the case study regions is that the areal importance decreased in four uses for general commerce, financial or general business, housing, and housing service compared to the one before the location of a discount store in both case study regions. Secondly, the characteristics of changes in land use of the street district are that the areal importance for the uses of general commerce and financial or general business in both case study regions marked the highest before the location, but the importance tremendously decreased after the location. Thirdly, the similarity between the two case study regions in the characteristics of changes in land use of the inside district except for the street district is that both districts did not show much change in their uses.


The paper summarizes the results of a comprehensive experimental study of the effect of fullerene C60 nanoparticles on the thermophysical properties of o-xylene [1]–[3]. It is shown that all investigated thermophysical properties (density, viscosity, saturated vapor pressure) in the range of fullerene concentrations of 0-0.2 wt.% behave nonmonotonically with an extremum near (0.05±0.01) wt.%. This specificity is associated with structural changes in the liquid phase that are caused by addition of fullerene. The need to take into account this effect when predicting the thermophysical properties of nanofluids in a wide range of state parameters is emphasized and the appropriate approach is proposed. It was shown that the influence of a number of factors affecting the thermophysical properties of nanofluids can be reduced to a single-factor analysis, which is the density (volume) fluctuations. In addition, it is proposed to evaluate the thermodynamic similarity of liquid systems by a similar behavior of the temperature dependences of their density (volume) fluctuations, specific heat of evaporation or isothermal compressibility.


The question arises as to whether mathematical achievement can be predicted from the level of cognitive development in a child as determined by use of Piagetian tasks. The investigator considered a two-fold problem. First, the investigator determined whether mathematics achievement can be predicted for 1 to 4 succeeding years once the level of cognitive development of a child is assessed by using Piagetian area task scores. If area task scores correlate with future mathematics performance scores, early identification of possible learning difficulties may be made. Although early remediation can be prescribed for children in an early Piagetian stage of cognitive development, and enrichment activities can be recommended for performers in a later stage of cognitive development, this study does not address the effects of those interventions. Children selected for the sample in the present study had no previous exposure to Piagetian tasks. Second, given how effectively two specific IQ tests predicted mathematics achievement from 1 to 4 succeeding years, the investigator considered whether a better prediction of mathematics achievement can be made from Piagetian area task scores than from the IQ tests alone. If Piagetian tasks are found to have considerable predictive value, such a finding might also support the views of those who argue that early exposure to Piagetian tasks makes for better performance in mathematics achievement. Thus, the rationale for programs incorporating Piagetian tasks would be strengthened (Biggs & MacLean, 1969). Examples of such programs are the Nuffield Mathematics Project (1969) and early childhood curricula based completely on Piagetian activities (Stendler, 1970). However, conservation training studies such as that by Bearison (1975) in which children were trained to conserve liquid quantity in kindergarten found that spontaneous early conservation was a better predictor of school achievement for grade three. Further research is needed to determine effects of early exposure or training in conservation for affecting prediction of mathematics achievement.


Animal tolerance studies with gemfibrozil began in 1970, at which time there were already several publications in the literature dealing with the morphology and hypothetical sttuctural-functional relationships of the liver cell following treatment with clofibrate. Paget (1963) had originally observed that clofibrate (Atromid) was very well tolerated by rats and monkeys for periods in excess of six months and that, even at high doses, few if any clinical, laboratory or pathological changes could be elicited. The one striking exception was the alteration in the structure of rat liver cells, which reached a maximum shortly after initiation of drug administration, but was not associated with indications ofdamaged liver function. By light microscopy, this change was characterized as an intense granular eosinophilia of hepatocytes, evident earliest in the centrolobular region, then rapidly encompassing the lobule as a whole. By electron microscopy, Paget (1963) observed the concomitant accumulation of microbodies in the cytoplasm of these hepatocytes, which he mistakenly identified as lysosomes. Hess et al. (1965, 1967) confirmed Paget's results, properly identified the microbodies, and undertook a series of cell fractionation studies to understand better the relationship between the already established liver enzyme changes associated with clofibrate treatment, the striking accumulation of microbodies and the enzyme content of the microbodies. This report on gemfibrozil describes the equally good toleration of laboratory animals to shortand long-term exposure, the presence of large numbers of microbodies in the rat liver without signs of degeneration, and the absence of teratogenic findings in *two species of laboratory animals.


Turbo codes can easily be used when two error protection levels are needed. The same encoder and decoder is used to achieve this unequal error protection. This will allow turbo codes to be used for channels where some information bits are more sensitive to errors than others, and at the same time where powerful codes are required (e.g. a mobile satellite channel).


FIELD: organic chemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes 3-amino-2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-pyridine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt that can be used as an anti-inflammatory acting drug at topical applying. EFFECT: valuable curative properties. 9 cl, 1 tbl, 4 ex


Four different irrigation programs using the drip irrigation system were applied to the Plum Tree, Santa Rosa ( Prunus salicina Lindl.). Irrigations for trees, generally, commence as 30 or 40% of available water from the field capacity are depleted. Therefore, in this study, Irrigations were initialized as 20% (I0.20), 30%(I0.30), 40%(I0.40), and 50%(I0.50) of the available soil moisture through the effective root depth depleted in order to evaluate how 20% and 50% depletion affect the growth, yield and fruit quality rather than other treatments. Recorded amounts of irrigation water were 569 mm for I0.20 ,616 mm for I0.30, 537 mm for I0.40 and 560 mm for I0.50 treatment, the subscript referring to the depletion of soil moisture throughout the effective root depth. Results of this study summarily demonstrate that there is no adverse effect on tree performance by the application of four different irrigation programs. However, within all treatments the lowest water amount was in I0.40 treatment, 537 mm. It indicates that more than this amount will be excess water application because higher than this amount has no valuable effect on the yield and quality parameters of Santa Rosa plum trees. That the gap between the Irrigation intervals in I0.40 treatment are high caused the evaporation to be less than the others. Consequently, as a strategy for water management in Santa Rosa plum orchards grown in clay soil irrigation should be initiated as 40% of available moisture is depleted through the effective root depth for saving irrigation water in semi-arid regions.


BACKGROUND
 Animal Ethics Committees (AECs) are concerning possibilities for public participation in the regulation of animal research. AECs are accountable for approving and monitoring research within Accredited Animal Research Establishments (AARE) (https://www.animalethics.org.au/animal-ethics-committees). In the way of making mouse models of cancer, several new considerations should be mentioned before the study design.

 OBJECTIVE
 To consider both personnel and animal welfare decisions at each stage of making mouse models of cancer, it is essential to have comprehensive information on the animal models.

 METHODS
 Three main cancer models are including; chemically induced mouse models, genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), xenograft nude mice, and Avatar. Some genetic changes in GEMMs are passing through next generations and not only do they have pain and suffering but also, they impose some environmental changes on mice.

 RESULTS
 Several phenotypes are required regarding the target of tumor model that expressed research are typically wisely investigated, but those that have an influence on the animal's welfare but have little or no effect on the disease procedure are often less carefully considered.

 CONCLUSIONS
 Complete analysis and regulations of animal welfare can offer beneficial information for researchers. This information is similarly essential to allow members of the institutional animal care and use committee to make necessary cost: benefit ethical review of animal studies.

 CLINICALTRIAL
 Not Applicable


It is substantiated that providing citizens' welfare, which occurs through a complex synthesis of factors, is one of those that is in the constant field of view of the socio-economic sphere. Analyzing, systematizing and summarizing the scientific works of many scientists, welfare factors are identified that are important for prospects' understanding of territorial communities' functioning, their role and place in the national economy, conditions that ensure competitiveness, and directions for improving efficiency of activities. At the same time, factors of welfare of territorial communities can be individual and subjective, with different significance for different people, may vary throughout a lifetime, and may also have a direct or indirect impact on each member. So, some people pay more attention to financial wealth, others – to their physical and/or mental health. The following factors of welfare of territorial communities are proposed and described: socio-economic, demographic, legal, political, cultural and psychological. It is concluded that to date, in the context of intensive transformations and reforms, communities' welfare is a product of many and often interconnected factors, understanding the impact of which is important for determining competitiveness of the communities and directions to improve efficiency of activities.


The phenomenon of an apparently spontaneous and widespread tendency towards a certain kind of equilibrium in behavior is a familiar one. So general a characteristic is it that one is tempted to consider 'balanceseeking' behavior as the essential phenomenon present in, or underlying, all particularized psychological events. This phenomenon has been a favorite theme of research in the now extensive Gestalt literature on such


The cloud fraction is an important atmospheric product needed for an accurate determination of trace gas concentrations and also cloud and aerosol properties from space-borne optical measurements. In this paper we develop a technique to determine the cloud fraction in the Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric ChartographY (SCIAMACHY) ground scenes (30x30 km and even larger ground footprints depending on the channel and the location of measurements) using simultaneous MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) observations (1x1 km ). MERIS and SCIAMACHY are placed on the same satellite (ENVISAT). The results of newly developed SCIAMACHY cloud fraction retrieval algorithm are compared with correspondent MERIS imagery. In addition to MERIS data, also SCIAMACHY Polarization Measurements Devices (PMDs) and reflectances are used to enhance the retrievals in the case of bright surfaces (snow and ice fields, deserts). 2


n the dead of night before Key West's masked bacchanal of Halloween Fantasy I Fest 1994, a 'Key West Cuban' wielded a sledgehammer against the huge old wooden door of the freshly renovated San Carlos Institute. In the name of recapturing the building for the 'Miami Cubans', he smashed the lock and marred the wood. Down the street in the Hog's Breath Saloon rumours began flying of Cuban spies capturing the San Carlos, and of a rival Cuban being chained to the San Carlos door as one more incident in a long series of symbolic acts of war between Key West and Miami Cubans. The incident epitomizes the ardent contest for control of place, the old San Carlos Institute in downtown Key West, and the struggle over ethnic identity in the island community of Key West. This paper examines ethnicity and place among the Key West Cubans, whose lack of unity in presenting their history is reflected in their struggle with the Cuban American National Foundation (CANF), the influential and politically well-organized group of Miami Cuban exiles from Castro's Cuba.


The invention discloses a drug delivery system of siRNA and a preparation. The active component of the drug delivery system is siRNA-loaded nanoparticles formed by a polymer and cationic lipid. The polymer can be a two-block copolymer or three-block copolymer of polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid or polyethylene glycols-polvlactic-co-glycolic acid. The cationic lipid can be N,N-dihydroxyethyl-N-methyl-N-2-(cholesteryloxycarbonylamino)ethyl ammonium bromide or N-[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride. The nanoparticles and the preparation can well transport siRNA into cells and play an effective role in the silence of target gene expression. In addition, after ligand or antibody modification, the siRNA drug delivery system can be used for better silence of the target gene on a cellular level and on an animal level. Therefore, the drug delivery system has a good prospect in drug delivery of siRNA and small nucleic acid analogues drugs for treating diseases.


Constraints are a reality in many real-world application areas, adding feasibility to the existing multiple objective challenge. Further, the presence of complex constraints poses a significant challenge to multi-objective evolutionary algorithms. A recently proposed biphasic multi-objective evolutionary framework for constrained multi-objective optimization problems is the Push and Pull Search framework. This framework benefits from a strong exploration of the constrained landscape during the search for the unconstrained Pareto-Front during the first phase. The work herein extends the Push and Pull Search framework, extending landscape information gathering in the push phase; adding a binary search of the feasible and infeasible regions and creating a suitably diverse population and improved initialization for the push phase.


According to the formalism t v d ∗ = fourth dimension of space-time is spatial too. In formula t c i X ∗ ∗ = 4 symbol t represents numerical order of material change i.e. motion running in a space. Flow of time is flow of numerical order of material change that we measure with clocks. Fundamental unit of numerical order n t t t t ... , , 2 1 0 of material change is a Planck time p t . Numerical order of material change 1 − n t is "before" numerical order of material change n t equivalently as natural number 1 − n is "before" natural number n . Flow of physical time is a flow of numerical order n t t t t ... , , 2 1 0 of material change and runs in a timeless D 4 space.


Objective: To investigate the causes, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of Hyper-IgM syndrome. Methods: The clinical data of one child with X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome diagnosed by our department were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The child was admitted to hospital due to repeated infection after birth. Repeated blood tests showed decreased neutrophils count, repeated immunoglobulin tests showed no IgA or IgG decrease, and IgM was normal. Gene tests showed CD40L gene mutation, which was diagnosed as X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome. Conclusion: In clinical practice, children prone to recurrent infection with decreased neutrophils count need to alert to immunodeficiency disease.


A detailed description of the Virginia Tech-Federal Railroad Administration (VT-FRA) Roller Rig measurement capabilities, along with the efforts in establishing the accuracy, repeatability, and integrity of the results are presented. The results of a series of baseline tests are also documented in an effort to provide an indication of the type of experiments that can be achieved on the rig. The one-fourth scaled rig is intended to be used for evaluating wheel-rail contact mechanics and dynamics with a high degree of precision. The rail is represented by a roller with a diameter that is five times larger than the wheel, in order to maintain the contact ellipse distortion to less than 10 percent. The primary point of differentiation between this rig and others that have been used in the past or are presently in use is that it is able to measure the wheel-rail contact forces with far greater precision than achieved in the past. The rig is also designed such that it provides a high degree of repeatability in testing, often needed for performing design of experiments accurately. The VT-FRA rig is capable of precisely controlling the lateral positioning of the wheel and rail, rail cant angle, the wheel-rail angle of attack, and the speed of the roller and wheel independently. The latter is intended to provide precise control of the relative speed of the wheel and roller, which amounts to precisely controlling creepage. Beyond presenting the rig's capabilities, the paper provides a discussion of the initial results from the commissioning of the rig. It is concluded that the rig is ready to be commissioned for studies that are of interest to the practitioners in the rail industry and scientists in the research community.


ABSTRACT A recent reappraisal of two passages in Leonardo da Vinci's Codex Arundel, in which the then young Leonardo reports on visiting a cave and on some sort of ʽmarine monster', has led to the proposition that Leonardo observed and wrote on fossil remains of a whale preserved in a cave. Whereas this hypothesis appears reasonable overall, some problems persist in accepting the purported location in which Leonardo would have observed the fossil. Here we provide a new analysis of the aforementioned passages by Leonardo which allows us to confirm that Leonardo saw a fossil whale and recognised it as such. However, his observation did not occur in a cave, but likely along the flank of a hill, as relatively common for Tuscan Pliocene fossil cetaceans. Leonardo seemingly made taphonomic observations on the fossil whale and inferred that a considerable amount of time must have passed from the death of the whale in the sea to allow for its eventual discovery on land – an observation that likely contributed to shaping Leonardo's later thoughts on sedimentation and fossilisation. This might represent Leonardo's earliest text devoted to a palaeontological theme. Moreover, it comprises the first known description of a cetacean fossil.


Background: Uranium is a naturally occurring radionuclide in granite and other mineral deposits. It enters local water, air and food supplies in varying concentrations through leaching from natural deposits, its release in mill tailings, emissions from nuclear industry, dissolution in phosphate


Line (13) at least two leads segments; combining (51, 52 81, 82), to provide the safety of the line as it is guided through a RF field, at least one transformer (41, 42; 83) electrically conductive with some links (connection lead) or transmission lines (13) is disclosed. Further, the electrical device combined with such electrically conductive certain links or transmission lines (13) (10), and its production method is disclosed. For use of these lines, especially in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging device, as well as heating of the line when it is guided through the electronic device and / or disorders of the connection unit and / or destruction of risks and RF field without imposing risk of burn patients (P), the electronic device (10), in particular a catheter or other invasive device for the human body inspection, for example, outside of the power source or control unit of the inspection zone (1) to connect to the connection unit (12) such, is provided.


With increasing interest in basic income (BI) in recent years around the world, a precise understanding of public attitudes toward this policy can provide valuable evidence for discussions on its feasibility among scholars and policymakers. This study quantitatively investigates what factors influence public attitudes toward implementing BI, taking the Hokuriku region of Japan as an example. The hypothesis and variables were designed based on the theories of retrenchment and social innovation, and a detailed consideration of the theoretical impacts of BI on human society, and of the social, economic and cultural characteristics of Japan. A questionnaire containing a BI proposal for Japan was developed, then a survey was conducted of 1028 local residents in the Hokuriku region. The logistic regression model was employed for the empirical analysis. The results showed that age, individual income level, family structure and interest in participating in non-market activities tend to influence respondents' attitudes toward BI, due to concerns about the gains and losses from a trade-off selection between BI and the existing policies that it would replace. From the perspective of individual value, it was also found that the perception of the future vision of a society reshaped by BI also significantly influences public attitudes toward the policy. This research emphasized that the retrenchment of the existing policies accompanied by the implementation of BI lead potential beneficiaries of the current welfare system to weigh the change to their benefits, which consequently forms their attitudes toward BI.


This paper proposes a new model for speaker verification by employing kurtosis statistical method based on sparse coding of human auditory system. Since only a small number of neurons in primary auditory cortex are activated in encoding acoustic stimuli and sparse independent events are used to represent the characteristics of the neurons. Each individual dictionary is learned from individual speaker samples where dictionary atoms correspond to the cortex neurons. The neuron responses possess statistical properties of acoustic signals in auditory cortex so that the activation distribution of individual speaker's neurons is approximated as the characteristics of the speaker. Kurtosis is an efficient approach to measure the sparsity of the neuron from its activation distribution, and the vector composed of the kurtosis of every neuron is obtained as the model to characterize the speaker's voice. The experimental results demonstrate that the kurtosis model outperforms the baseline systems and an effective identity validation function is achieved desirably.


The purpose of this study is to contribute with knowledge about preschool teachers´ experiences from working with the curriculum, Lpfo 98, as a governing document. The questions asked concerns how preschool teachers´ experiences from the introduction of the curriculum in preschool look like, what differences they see between working before and after the introduction and also how they work with the curriculum in the daily activity. I have done qualitative interviews with four preschool teachers. Common for all of them is that they have more than 20 years of experience from working in preschools, and thus they also worked in preschool during the introduction of Lpfo 98. The result of my study shows that support from the principal of the preschool and the management was an important part in accepting and understanding Lpfo 98, when it was first introduced. The preschool´s role has changed and become more significant. After the introduction of Lpfo 98, the preschool teachers feels that parents are more familiar with the preschool activity, and they can make demands. At the same time the preschool teachers feel that the parents put a lot of responsibility on the preschool. The preschool teachers use Lpfo 98, both for making goals for the preschool activity to strive for and as a book of reference when they reflect on something.


After an election, especially one where the governing party has switched, change might be inevitable. And agency regulations are a prime area where new presidents may seek to make changes. But even in a time of political change, the legal system imposes a degree of predictability and regularity on that process. True to form, since his inauguration in January 2017, President Donald Trump and his agency heads have targeted President Barack Obama's environmental legacy, by seeking to repeal many energy and environmental regulations. But those attempts are governed by a set of standard rules that provide important and meaningful limits to President Trump's freedom to roll back regulations that are currently on the books and several have hit some snags. This article provides an overview of the procedural and statutory limits that apply to agencies seeking to change course, and either cancel or suspend regulations that they previously issued. It also discusses several recent examples of agency decision-making to show how these rules work in practice in this era of rollbacks.


This review is devoted to the thermogaphic hands examination in patients with upper limbs vascular disorders (both arterial and venous), Raynaud's phenomenon, ischemic heart disease and after surgical interventions on the vessels of the upper extremities, thoracic sympathectomy, as well as a number of more rare diseases and clinical situations. Studies of temperature distributions on the hands of such patients are promising in terms of creating, on their basis, decision support systems in screening, diagnostics and treatment monitoring.


Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), especially ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), not only increases risk for cardiovascular complications and mortality but also leads to decreased quality of life. Recently, the creation of Chest Pain Centers (CPCs) in China has ensured that AMI patients are diagnosed and treated in a timely fashion. This present study aimed to compare different patterns of acute cardiac complications and short-term prognosis in STEMI patients treated in the CPC. Methods: Prior to creation of the CPC, 53 STEMI patients were selected and carefully examined (January 2014-December 2014). Baseline clinical data were also included in the evaluation. After creation of the CPC, another 52 STEMI patients were enrolled (January 2015-December 2015). All patients received formal AMI treatment to ameliorate symptoms and preserve the structure and function of the heart according to AMI guidelines for China (2014-2016). Acute cardiac complications, within 7 days, for these STEMI patients were compared. The groups were also compared in terms of short-term prognosis (at 90 days) using a Kaplan-Meier estimator. Cox proportional-hazard models were further used to analyze association of the prognosis and effects of CPC after adjusting for confounding factors (diabetes, cerebral infarction, hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and renal insufficiency). Results: The first medical contact to oral medication load time (FMC2M) was significantly lower in patients after creation of the CPC compared with STEMI patients before the CPC was created (p < 0.001). First medical contact of patients to balloon opening time (FMC2B) was also significantly decreased in STEMI patients after creation of the CPC (p < 0.001). Acute cardiac complications, within 7 days, were significantly lower in these STEMI patients after creation of the CPC (p < 0.001). In addition, these STEMI patients also showed decreased cardiovascular events in the next 90 days after creation of the CPC. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis further revealed significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The Chest Pain Center produced lower incidence of cardiac complications and better prognosis for STEMI patients. Effective, efficient, and timely treatment under the influence of a CPC may greatly explain the causality.


A three‐allele model is presented for the inheritance of 'juvenile' insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDJI). The model postulates a susceptibility locus S tightly linked to the HLA complex. The model incorporates relative‐risk and HLA‐association data from the literature which suggest genetic heterogeneity within IDDM, together with population prevalence, twin and sib concordance rates, and distortions in HLA haplotype concordance values for affected sib pairs. The model appears to provide a reasonable fit to existing data. It predicts low penetrances for some, but not all, genotypes and a strong association between HLA B8 and one of the S alleles. The model makes additional specific predictions about how different forms of IDDX are distributed in sporadic and familial cases. These predictions can be tested in future genetic‐epidemiologic studies.


Optical absorption, photoluminescence, and thermoluminescence emission studies are made on Cscl:Tb 3+ crystals at room temperature. The presence of impurities is confirmed by the characteristic OA band at 360 nm. Photoluminescence of these crystals shows characteristic Tb 3+ emissions due to transitions from the 5 D 3 and 5 D 4 levels to various levels of the 7 F septet. The glow curve studies clearly show the participation of terbium ions in the thermoluminescence process. The new 415 K glow peak, not observed in pure CsCl, is ascribed to the terbium ion in the vicinity of F centers. All the TL glow peaks give the characteristic emissions of Tb 3+ in addition to the emission due to the recombination of the F electron with V-type centers.


1983. Organization of ribosomal DNA in yellow lupine iLupinus luteus) and sequence of the 5.8S RNA gene. FEBS Lett. 152:241-246. REEDER, R. H. 1984. Enhancers and ribosomal gene spacers. Cell 38:349-351. ROGERS, S. 0., S. HONDA, AND A. J. BENDICH. 1986. Variation in the ribosomal RNA genes among individuals of Vicia faba. Plant Molec. BioI. 6:339345. SAGHAI-MAROOF, M. A, K. M. SOLIMAN, R. A JORGENSEN, AND R. W. ALLARD. 1984. Ribosomal spacer length polymorphisms in barley: Mendelian inheritance, chromosomal location, and population dynamics. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 81:8014-8018. SCHAAL, B. A 1974. Isolation by distance in Liatris cylindracea. Nature 252:703. SOKAL, R. R., AND F. J. ROHLF. 1981. Biometry. Freeman, San Francisco, CA. SYTSMA, K. J., AND B. A. SCHAAL. 1985. Phylogenetics of the Lisianthius skinneri (Gentianaceae) species complex in Panama utilizing DNA restriction fragment analysis. Evolution 39:594-608. TANAKA, Y., T. A. DYER, AND G. G. BROWNLEE. 1980. An improved direct RNA sequence method: Its ap-


: China is one of the first governments to rein in virtual currencies while also working to consider how a central bank digital currency ("CBDC") could advance its policy goals. This Note evaluates the impact of China's CBDC — the e-CNY — on the United States and on the international financial system by framing it within China's broader domestic policy initiatives. Although China certainly hopes to reduce reliance on the U.S.-dominated international financial infrastructure in the decades ahead, it is also driven by important domestic policy priorities — namely, cracking down on financial crime and illegal gambling, reasserting control over outbound capital flows, and addressing an increasingly concentrated market of powerful private sector payment platforms. Financial and political implications follow for the U.S. sanctions regime, as well as U.S. dollar dominance, the global balance of economic power, and the ability of an increasingly authoritarian regime to monitor and control its society. However, the introduction of a new financial technology is but one factor among many others, and any gains from the adoption of the e-CNY that China may enjoy relative to the United States may be marginal.


In this paper, we evaluated the performance of OLSR routing protocol in ad hoc network by using test bed method. Evaluation was conducted to know and understand the performance of ad hoc network in certain conditions and scenarios. Ad hoc network nodes were implemented by using Raspberry Pi with USB Wireless TP-Link WN722N. We have done three types of evaluation, such as: evaluate the availability of ad hoc wireless networks in various distance, evaluate the performace of multi hop ad hoc network, and the mechanism of self healing. Each testing is carried out on different circumstances and different scenarios. Based on some testing that already done in this research, it is known that ad hoc network with OLSR routing algorithm can overcome the problem of unreachable link between two nodes. Two nodes in one hop can reach ±180 metres with line of sight condition. Through testing, it is also shown that OLSR can handle the data delivery failures and find a new route to forward the data packets. Finally, to facilitate users in the future, we have remastered raspbian operating system with OLSR packet. It is hoped that users will be easier and faster to implement ad hoc network node with the Raspberry Pi devices.


This article explores the practical and theoretical challenges that online education poses for law schools and the legal profession. Drawing in part on contributions to the symposium that it introduces, the article makes the case that that a high-quality legal education can be delivered online, that a move toward online education can spark valuable innovation, and that allowing students to earn their law degrees online can increase access to justice. However, it warns that the fact that high-quality legal education can be delivered online does not mean that it will be, and explains that further research is needed to determine what combinations of online elements, or of online and residential elements, are best suited to delivering high-quality legal education. It suggests that it will be particularly important to compare live online instruction with asynchronous online instruction because the "radical" move in online legal education is not the move to teaching online, but rather the move to teaching asynchronously.


Investmentis the placementand the various assets to obtain optimum returns in the future. Investor sare always looking for investment alternative sthat provide the highest return with a certain degree of risk. To investin shares of
analysis needed to measure the value of shares, namely fundamental analysis and technical analysis. The company's fundamental saregene rally shown in the financial statements whic his one measure of the performance of the company.
Fundamental factors are often used to predict stock prices. Investment objective is toob tain areturn (rate of return) isoptimal. This means buying assets that provide the high estrevenuewi tha particular level of risk. Objective This study aims to investigate the influence of fundamental factorson stock returns of financial lemabaga company went publicand listedon the Stock Exchange.
The populationin this studyis afinancial institution that went publicand listedon the Stock Exchange. Sampling technique in this study using purposive sampling method, the number of samples usedas much as3 companies. The data
usedinthis studyis asecondary data obtained from the 2008-2012 period financial statement dataare taken from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. As fortest data using
multiple linearregression analysis with the classical assumptions using SPSS.
The results showed that all the variables simultaneously has no effecton stock returns, and the partial results show no variables that influence stock returns

Keywords: Stock Return, ROA, ROE, NPM, DER, PBV, and EPS.


The holistic interpretation of the socio-pedagogical views and enlightening activity of Konstantin D. Ushinsky the outstanding Russian scientist and education worker is proposed in the article.


In this paper we propose a cloud based interweave cognitive radio HetNets which combines gain of cloud based radio that is increased rate for cell edge users and better spectral efficiency of cognitive radio. Simulation results for limited feedback shows approximately 100 % increase in rate for primary while 300 % for secondary cell edge users with same outage in cloud over conventional cognitive radio network.


We present an X- and Q-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) investigation of a 0.5 wt % Cr/SiO2 Phillips catalyst, aimed at establishing the Cr oxidation and spin state under different ethyle...


We propose a scheme for reduced-precision representation of floating point data on a continuum between IEEE-754 floating point types. Our scheme enables the use of lower precision formats for a reduction in storage space requirements and data transfer volume. We describe how our scheme can be accelerated using existing hardware vector units on two general-purpose processor (GPP) microarchitectures (Intel Ivy Bridge and Haswell), as well as on a numerical accelerator (Intel Xeon Phi). Our evaluation demonstrates that supporting reduced precision by exploiting native vector instructions can yield a low overhead custom-precision floating point solution that does not require specialized hardware support. In our experiments we find cases where our scheme is actually faster than native floating point types where the underlying vector instruction set supports efficient byte-level permutations.


ABSTRACT Proving the excessiveness of the dominant firm's prices constitutes a challenging task for young competition authorities, due to the difficulties in confronting economic theories with facts and the lack of analytical tools to carry out robust investigations. To handle these issues, this paper proposes a statistical algorithm centred on the analysis of the prices and mark-up of the dominant firm. An empirical study involving the use of real industrial data is carried out to show the implementation of the proposed statistical algorithm. The results reveal that the excessiveness of the dominant firm's prices is due to the excessiveness of its mark-up over the total cost. Our findings also show that the pricing behaviour of the dominant firm remains unpredictable in the absence of a large amount of data for the analysis of demand patterns, a direct measurement of the marginal cost, and a good knowledge of market functioning.


Software Development has started its journey for betterment of human being and to build an ideal future world which surrounds with optimum needful software. Till now there are various way and processes of Software development in accordance with fulfil the perspective of different requirement at different time of Software Development history. But in SDLC, Designing is the key phase for maintaining its quality and accountability. Designing affects to be an important phase in software development life cycle. While designing a software several defects can be also included with it. These defects can be considered as anti patterns, code smells and some other designing defects. These defects should be detected and removed to make the software more improved and reliable. But these suffer for lacking of tools. In software project management still there is evolution in terms of R&D done for designing the software in a very efficient and time consuming way. Several long-standing problems in software designing are concerned with inadequate requirements elicitation, analysis, specification, validation, and management. This deficit is a major cause of project failure and as such several techniques and frameworks have been developed to assist developers in handling requirements. In this paper we have discussed in brief about these defects and then an approach has also been introduced for handling those defects. We have also faced some difficulties before reaching the goal which we have vividly discussed in below. Keywords— Antipattern, Code smell, Designing Defects, Reliable Tools, SDLC


In this thesis my papers hep-th/0104190, hep-th/0310214, hep-th/0405072 and hep-th/0406065 are put into context. The thesis is mainly focused on noncommutative field theory and string theory, so results in the papers that are not related to this main theme are not discussed in detail. The thesis is almost selfcontained and in particular the first chapter might be useful as an introduction to non(anti)commutative geometry and its relation to superstring theory for beginners in the field. The following chapters also contain some review material that is not present in the papers, concerning some selected topics in the theory of integrable models and a discussion of the main features of the pure spinor approach to superstrings. The thesis was handed in in October 2004, so the bibliography only refers to work appeared on the web before this date.


Objective Baolier Capsule (BLEC) is a Traditional Mongolian Medicine comprising fifteen herbs. This study aims to illustrate the synergistic mechanism of BLEC in the treatment of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) by using network pharmacology method, molecular docking and experimental validation. Methods Searching and screening the active ingredients of different herbs in BLEC and target genes related to CAD in multiple databases. Subsequently, Protein–Protein Interactions Network (PPI-Net), gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment were used to identify the key targets. AutoDock was used to verify the binding ability between the active ingredient and key target through molecular docking. Reverse Transcription-Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to verify the effect of active ingredient of BLEC on the key target gene. Finally, effect of BLEC on the degree of blood lipids and atherosclerosis was validated by animal experiment. Results There are 144 active components and 80 CAD-related targets that are identified in BLEC in the treatment of CAD. What is more, 8 core genes were obtained by clustering and topological analysis of PPI-Net. Further, GO and KEGG analysis showed that fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis are the key pathways for BLEC to treat CAD. These results were validated by molecular docking method. In vitro, active compounds of BLEC (Quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, naringenin, tanshinone IIA, β-carotene, 7-O-methylisomucronulatol, piperine, isorhamnetin and Xyloidone) can inhibit 8 core gene (AKT1, EGFR, FOS, MAPK1, MAPK14, STAT3, TP53 and VEGFA) expression. Moreover, BLEC not only improve blood lipid levels but also inhibit the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE-knockout mice. Conclusion Our research first revealed the basic pharmacological effects and related mechanisms of in the treatment of CAD. The predicted results provide some theoretical support for BLEC or its important active ingredients to treat CAD.


This paper presents a methodology to control construction task complexity and examined the relationships between construction performance and spatial and mathematical abilities in children. The study included three groups of children (N =96); ages 7–8, 10–11, and 13–14 years. Each group constructed seven pre-specified objects. The study replicated and extended previous findings that indicated that the extent of component symmetry and variety, and the number of components for each object and available for selection, significantly predicted construction task difficulty. Results showed that this methodology is a valid and reliable technique for assessing and predicting construction play task difficulty. Furthermore, construction play performance predicted mathematical attainment independently of spatial ability.


Devaraj S, VegaLopezS,Kaul N,Schonlau F,RohdewaldP, Jialal I. Supplementation with a pine bark extract rich in polyphenols increases plasma antioxidant capacity and alters the plasma lipoprotein profile. Lipids 2002; 37:931– 934. Djousse L. The beneficial effect of alpha-linolenic acid in coronary artery disease is not questionable Reply to SCRenaud and D Lanzmann-Petithory. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 76:905–906.


The article focuses on two lecture courses - "The Idea of time" and "The History of the Idea of Time" - delivered by the French philosopher Henri Bergson at College de France in 1901-1903. While these courses cannot replace Bergson's published works for understanding his philosophy, they can shed new light on Bergson's popularity. Due to the requirements of the genre, Bergson presents his views in a most succinct and convincing manner and showcases his most original ideas. In these lectures Bergson reinterprets traditional philosophical categories such as the absolute and the relative, the infinite and the finite, and explores two major modes of cognition - conceptual and intuitive knowledge. Major thrust of Bergson's arguments is targeted at conceptual cognition because it is incapable of grasping the duration. Conceptual cognition relies on signs to operate representations of reality. Bergson demonstrates that signs, including concepts, are general, fixating and they appeal to action. Conceptual cognition, therefore, is based on fragmenting continuous processes in reality. However, when discussing intuitive cognition Bergson provides but an outline by referring to "intellectual sympathy", "plunging into the thing in itself". Despite this apophatic description of the alternative - intuitive - mode of cognition Bergson insists on fundamental transformation of philosophy. We conclude that already in the early 1900s Bergson has in mind an entire project of reconstituting metaphysics and reorienting it towards the problem of time, what might be described as "temporal turn" in philosophy of the twentieth century.


As is shown in Fig. 2., colored spots of lipase and esterase activities were noticed in the experiments of the enzymes from pancreas, liver, stomach, kidney and duodenum. The Rf value of the esterase seemed to be greater in esterase than that of lipase. No remarkable differences were found between the expe. rimnet of Tween 40, 60 and 80. In the two dimension experiments, two or three spots of the lipase activities were separated on the papers in experiments of various organ extracts. Those enzymes seemed to be hardly separable in one dimension experiment. The spot of esterase activity in two dimension experiment seemed to coincide with the one spot of lipase activities (Fig. 3, 4).The slight differences of the spots in experiments of various organs were noted but it does not seem be an essential difference of the enzyme. Further studies on this point and the characters of the enzymes separated in each spots and other inhibitor studies are going on.


I study how sequential entry into an arbitrage affects the speed of arbitrage. Incumbent arbitrageurs take advantage of their market power to provide liquidity slowly to competitive hedgers. An imitator can enter the trade at a later stage upon sinking a fixed cost. Because hedgers are rational, prices and market liquidity reflect the expected outcome of the sequential entry game. In equilibrium, market depth and the speed of arbitrage increase even before the imitator enters. Conversely, thinner markets do not become more competitive and have slower arbitrage. Faster arbitrage, however, does not necessarily increase hedgers' welfare.


Nigeria, on the west coast of Africa, has an area of 923,769 square kilometres. In 2006, its population of 140,003,542 spoke more than 400 languages and belonged to more than 250 ethnic groups (Federal Republic of Nigeria, 2007). It has a low Human Development Index ? ranked 158 out of 177 countries (UNDP, 2003) and high ethno-religious and regional tensions. The struggle for economic and political dominance leads to high-profile assassinations, religious intolerance and ethnic clashes at the slightest provocation. This situation, coupled with the political influence of kinship, lack of transparency in government and other factors creates space for corrupt practices and disregard for the rule of law. This in turn paves the way for marginalisation of less powerful groups and individuals.


Osler writes that he knows nothing of Rutherford and that the association between Leyden and Edinburgh has always been close.
 He plans to travel to Holland over the summer to explore old book shops and to visit Leyden. He writes that Linacre's
 works are excessively rare, especially in England. He mentions that he will look after Haszard when he comes [to Baltimore?].


t Wee investigated whether the use of particular antiretroviral agent s is associate dd with a higher risk of developing grade 4 liver enzyme elevations (LEE)) in a retrospective cohort study of HIV-1-infected patients starting highlyy active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Grade 4 LEE was defined as aminotransferas ee levels >10 times the upper limi t of normal and >200 units abovee baseline levels. A multivariate Cox model was used to identify risk factors.. The incidence of LEE was 6.3%. No patients died as a result of LEE. Riskk factors were: higher baseline alanine aminotransferas e levels, chronic hepatitiss B or C virus infection, antiretroviral therapy-naive patients using theirr first HAART regimen, recent start of nevirapine or high-dose ritonavir, andd female gender . In HBV-coinfected patients, discontinuing lamivudine wass a risk factor. In 97% of cases > 1 risk factor was present . In HBVcoinfectedd patients using lamivudine, continued use of lamivudine should be considered,, even if lamivudine-resistan t HIV-strains have developed.


The invention discloses a document related degree calculating system, which is characterized by the following: comprising sequence of document pretreating module and dividing vocabulary module; setting the output of the document pretreating module as at least one pre-analyzing document; setting the output of the dividing vocabulary module as relative first vocabulary meter; also comprising aryumentation element processing module and document related degree calculating module; converting the vocabulary of the first vocabulary mater to aryumentation element; calculating the weight of the aryumentation element; getting at least one theme semantic vector with relative to at least one document; connecting the document relative degree calculating module to the theme semantic vector calculating module; using to calculate related degree of at least two theme semantic vector. This invention also discloses a document related degree calculating method. This invention can remove vocabulary rarefaction and ambiguous vocabulary phenomenon to improve the calculating accuracy of document related degree.


ZnSe nanowires with CdSe quantum dot insertions were grown by molecular beam epitaxy using gold as a catalyst. Structural, chemical, and optical properties of the wires and quantum dots were characterized using electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. We determined the crystalline structure, the chemical composition, and the size of the quantum dot and established a correlation between quantum dot size and luminescence. As expected, a blueshift of the luminescence was observed for decreasing quantum dot size. The comparison of calculated photoluminescence energy and experimental data seems to indicate that the quantum dots consist of a ZnxCd1-xSe ternary alloy rather than pure CdSe.


Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors have received considerable attention as alternatives in treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The damage caused by reactive oxygen species is considered a contributing factor to AD. Three fungi (FC1, FC2 and FC3) were isolated from the soft corals; Sinularia sp. and Lobophyton sp. The antioxidant activities (DPPH and Xanthine Oxidase assays), (AChE) inhibitory activity and antimicrobial activity for twelve different fungal extracts were evaluated. Mycelial ethylacetate extract from the static culture of the fungus FC2 (Emericella unguis 8429) had the highest free radical scavenging activity against DPPH and superoxide anion radicals. Mycelial extract from the shake culture of the isolated three fungi have mild scavenging activity, while their supernatant extracts had no free radical scavenging activity. These data are mentioned for the first time. Screening the AChE inhibitory activity: only FC2 had a significant activity for mycelial extract of the static culture, while mild activity was found in the supernatant extract of the same culture. The three fungal extracts in shake conditions had no AChE inhibitory activity. The supernatant and mycelial extracts from the static culture of the fungus FC2 is highly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staph. aureus and Candida albicans. The supernatant extract from the static culture of FC3 is highly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staph. aureus and Candida albicans. It could be concluded that, the isolated marine fungus Emericella unguis showed different biological activities as AChE inhibitor (reported for the first time), antioxidant, antimicrobial rather than the unidentified other two fungi (FC1, FC3).


consistent confidence on mutual recognition among different countries within the same region? The markets will want to avoid regulatory arbitrage within a region where the shared currency may provide a false sense of a level playing field.


With reference to the current focus on urban redevelopment issue, the evaluation of the projects plays a central role for the definition of effective urban development policies. In the present research, a logical-deductive model for the identification of "warning areas" is proposed. Given an urban area to be renovated, the developed methodological approach starts from the detection of the main existing architectural, historical and environmental emergencies in order to investigate the appreciation of the reference market for the higher or lower proximity to each considered urban pole. Thus, an econometric technique is implemented to examine the influence of each locational factor on selling prices, by assuming the property asset price increase as a proxy of the benefits generated by the urban redevelopment intervention for local communities. Furthermore, the proposed methodology is applied to the Esquilino district in the city of Rome (Italy), for which a relevant urge of urban regeneration is found, to orient the selection phases of the areas that need more attention from public entities.


We use systematic review technique to review extant literature on the talent management concept and its application in addressing the ageing workforce issue prevalent in the public-sector organizations in the United Kingdom. We analyze and examine the prevailing situation in the National Health Services (NHS) Scotland where the issue of ageing workforce has become critical. Therefore, our prime focus in this paper shall be on the talent management concept, the ageing workforce problem and the resulting shortages in workforce talent, which is becoming a common problem across most developed countries including the United Kingdom. After detailed analysis of the situation in NHS Scotland, we provide appropriate recommendations to help it deal with the predicament and preparing them for future challenges. We contribute by clearly demonstrating the importance of issues related to talent management in UK public-sector organizations and how these organizations can address them.


In this study, it was aimed to determine the yield and quality characteristics of 32 advanced lines and three bread wheat varieties (Tosunbey, Saggitario and Ceyhan-99) in irrigated conditions in Diyarbakir province ecological conditions and to evaluate the relationship between line and characteristics


On January 6, 1996, Dr. Haryono Suyono, Minister of State for Population and Chairman of BKKBN, the Minister of Health, and the Governor of West Java inaugurated the revitalization of village population and development institutions throughout Indonesia. The event was coined "The Movement of One Million Village Institutions." It highlighted progress made by village community institutions which successfully implemented nationwide polio vaccination and the village health insurance scheme for needy families. The movements are based upon community self-reliance and sharing, with the government providing assistance when and where needed. Relatively more affluent families are encouraged to help the less well-off in their villages meet their basic needs, including health and educational expenses. These institutions have now gone beyond promoting just family planning, but also help family income generation and village insurance schemes, provide fellowships to children of the less privileged, and help families build clean, cement house floors.


Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) persistently plagues much of the world, propagating poor health outcomes related to reproduction, growth, sight, and immunity. Biofortification of staple crops is a novel strategy for combating VAD in high‐risk groups. Many African populations are proposed beneficiaries for provitamin‐A biofortified maize (Zea mays), often called "orange maize" due to distinct yellow/orange kernels. Its color challenges cultural acceptance by maize‐consuming communities that traditionally eat white varieties. This study explores adaptation to, and intake patterns of, traditional foods made with orange maize compared with white in rural Zambian children (n = 189) during a 3‐mo intervention. Subjects were fed maize porridge breakfast, maize nshima with relish lunch, and snack. Consumption of menu items, except snacks, increased significantly by week (P<0.0084). Orange porridge and nshima intakes equaled white from week 2 onward. During the trial, 3 orange maize meals were fed: 2009 freezer (O1), 2009 cold room (O2), 2010 fresh (O3). Subjects consumed uniform amounts of porridge and nshima prepared from O1 and O2, but intakes became significantly higher after O3 maize meal substitution (P<0.014 porridge; P<0.013 nshima). Results demonstrate quick adaptation to orange maize, preference for fresh, and an optimistic outlook for similar adaption patterns in other orange‐maize target countries.


Effective treatment of patients in the depressed phase of bipolar disorder remains the most challenging task in their management. Two new treatments have recently emerged: lamotrigine and the combination of olanzapine and fluoxetine (OFC). These strategies have significantly improved the management of bipolar illness. In a 7-week, double-blind, direct-comparison study, researchers …


World Scenario: Bananas are the fifth largest agricultural commodity in world trade after cereals, sugar, coffee and cocoa. India, Ecuador, Brazil and China alone produce half of total bananas of the world. The advantage of this fruit is its availability round the year. The scenario of area, production and productivity of banana is given in Table 1.


Pet husbandry is defined as day-to-day care of companion animals . This includes lifestyle, such living environment (e.g. indoor vs. outdoor, multi-pet household) and activity (e.g. sedentary vs. active), diet choice and practices (e.g. what is fed and how), and veterinary care, including preventive health and treatments . Pet owners are increasingly aware about the cats and dogs' needs, aiming to improve animal welfare through better husbandry and knowledge . On the other hand, exotic pets still frequently suffer from inappropriate husbandry, despite being sold as "easy to keep" pets, which often translates into medical conditions (e.g. shell rot in turtles) .


Medical group is an integrated healthcare delivery structure, a new way to serve the residents of the region. It is also an active exploration to deepen health system reform and to innovate management service mode. Through an overview of Beijing Shijitan medical group, by SWOT analysis methods, the status quo, propose strategic planning and improvement measures and prospects of medical group have been analyzed to building a better medical services for the residents of the region.


This research was carried on 80 quarter out of 600 quarter milk samples collected aseptically from 150 apparently healthy cows in 4 private farms at Alexandria Governorate (Abees – AmeriaBorg-ElArab and Mariout ) and prove the affection of subclinical mastitis by use California mastitis test. The total incidence of subclinical mastitis in Alexandria Governorate was 13.33% .While the incidence in 4 farms (Abees – AmeriaBorg-El-Arab and Mariout ) were ( 14.3 %, 13.9% , 12.5%, and 10% ) respectively. The number of the bacterial isolates in these investigation was 92 isolates, while the number and frequency percentages of the isolates were Staphylococcus aureus 23 (25%), Streptococcus agalactia 20 (21.37%), Streptococcus dysagalactia 8 isolates (8.69%), E-coli 8 (8.69%), Arctenobacterium bovis 18 (19.26%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13 (14.13%), and Pseudomonas fluorescens 2 isolates (2.17%). Also, the sensitivity of the isolated organisms to antibiotics were discussed. It was found that most of the isolated species were highly sensitive to Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin and Cephaloxin and less sensitive to Tetracyclin and Streptomycin but were resistance to Penicillin and Amoxicillin. Public health significance was discussed. Investigations On Bacteria Causing Subclinial ... F. A. El-Shaboury & Ola. A. Basha. Kafr El-Sheikh Vet.Med.J. Vol. 1 No.1 (2003) 20


ABSTRACT In this article, we investigate a class of non-autonomous semi-linear second-order evolution with memory terms, expressed by the convolution integrals, which account for the past history of one or more variables. First, the asymptotic regularity of solutions is proved, while the nonlinearity is critical and the time-dependent external forcing term is assumed to be only translation-bounded (instead of translation-compact), and then the existence of compact uniform attractors together with its structure and regularity is established. Finally, the existence of robust family of exponential attractors is constructed.


#### Notable in Neurology

This issue features an article that identifies ventrointermedius nucleus MRI-guided focused ultrasound as a promising technique to treat tremors other than essential tremor effectively and another that describes measurable motor speech signatures in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. A featured Views & Reviews article assesses the design characteristics and reporting quality of randomized clinical trials for treatments of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

### Recurrence risk of ictal asystole in epilepsy![Graphic][1]

Ictal asystole (IA) is a rare but potentially devastating complication of epileptic seizures. To determine its recurrence risk, published …

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High quality factor is an essential requirement in the design of microsensors used for sensing and communications applications. In previous works, some analytical models have been developed for thermoelastic damping in monolayer structure and multi-layered beam. This paper proposes a new model for thermoelastic damping in symmetric, three-layered, laminated, microplate resonators. Our approach utilizes the analytical framework developed by Bishop and Kinra and Gaussian curvature. The effect of volume fraction is numerically calculated. It is noticed that the maximum damping is determined by volume fraction, which is independent of the single layer thickness. The thinner plate is, the higher frequency is that reach the maximum damping.


Sowing date is an important factor to change of maize (Zea mays L.) yield in temperate zone. Delay to sowing change to temperature for during the growth period. Crop could be damage for high temperature in some critical period (seedling, grain filling). The objective of this study is determination of sowing date effect on yield, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index and some growth parameters in maize crops. Two experiments were conducted in the experiment from 2005 to 2006 with two maize hybrids (31G98 32K61). The treatments consisted of different sowing dates. Cob yield, dry matter accumulations, leaf area index (LAI), net assimilation rate (NAR) and crop growth rate (CGR) was measured. The result of the study there was no significant differences among of the varieties in cob yield. The first year the maximum dry matter yield was obtained 31G98 to the first sowing date. Optimum LAI values showed the same variety in the same production period. The second sowing date in the first year of the highest dry matter yield varieties gave 32K61. NAR and CGR curves obtained gave similar values. The first product resulting from the NAR and CGR curves has more stable than the second product.


In order to pursue Moore's law, the recent introduction of new Gate stack using High-k dielectrics and Metal Gate (H-k/MG) for CMOS has been a key point to downscale the "equivalent oxide thickness" (EOT). Within this context, this paper intends to investigate RF noise performance of a recent Low Power (LP) 28-nm H-k/MG CMOS Technology. For this purpose, S-parameters have been measured up to 110GHz to accurately extract an RF Small Signal Equivalent Circuit (SSEC), required to extract a two-temperature noise model. The technology offers a minimum noise figure NFmin of 0.8dB (with an associated gain Ga equal to 14dB) @20GHz, for a DC drain current of 135mA/mm: these performances well compete with those previously reported for other H-k/MG technology.


Subtitle: Stop & Shop's new automated distribution center takes the grocery chain from a manual operation into the Space Age.


In this work, a new methodology to estimate the Faraday Rotation Angle (FRA) from SMOS full-pol brightness temperature is presented. This approach is focused on retrieving the Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) and then, the FRA. for most of the SMOS overpass, with the final aim of improving geophysical retrievals.


Writing plays important roles in the context of English teaching as a foreign language in Indonesia. Writing is a communicative way of sharing observation, information, thoughts, or ideas with ourselves and others. Through writing, the language learners learn to communicate with other people, to understand them, to read what they have written, and to write to them. Writing as one of the language skills is not acquired naturally. Writing is considered the most difficult and complicated language skill to be learned compared to other language skills.  Learning to write fluently and expressively is the most difficult of four language skills for all students. In the teaching of writing, the English teacher should pay attention on some elements, they are: (1) understanding the purposes of teaching writing, (2) teaching five main stages in producing a writing; pre-writing, drafting, revising, editing and publishing, (3) teaching how to develop a paragraph which consists of three major structural parts: a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and concluding sentence, (4) employing appropriate techniques, such as brainstorming, quetioning, and clustering in their teaching, and (5) introducing some text type to the students, such as: narration, description, procedure, news item, report, recount, anecdote, hortatory exposition, analytical exposition, commentary, discussion, and explanation.


Large plug- or slightly amphora-shaped borings have been found in the hardground marking the boundary between Early and Middle Ordovician rocks in northeastern Estonia. These borings cut large bioclasts of the trilobite Megistaspis and cannot be assigned with certainty to any known ichnotaxon. They indicate that the diversity of early large borings may have been greater than was recognized previously.


The present invention relates to a mass storage control technique, particularly to a method NandFlash memory reader life balanced. This method for reading and writing may be identified bad block, to avoid bad block, the write equalization, to ensure consistent times of writing all blocks of memory write cycles to ensure balanced NandFlash entire memory. As a result of the above technical solution, the present method has less computation, memory requirements small features, suitable for applications where a single document at the same time the operation of the system hardware, software requirements low, this can be as low cost, low power operating loss of embedded systems to provide a complete file system solution.


New Zealand Prime Minister Peter Fraser, perspiring with anxiety, is having a nightmare in which three men are shouting 'conscription' at him.
Cartoon was originally attributed to Henry Thomas Garratt (1875-1953). Attribution updated Oct 2015 (RTR1049670).
Quantity: 1 photocopy/ies.
Physical Description: A4 size photocopy.


A solid mixture for the preparation of concrete with a mechanical strength after 28 days greater than or equal to 110 MPa, comprising cement, calcareous aggregates and additives and additions with possible latent hydraulic activity in amount less than 5% by weight compared to the cement, in which the distribution of particle size of the mixture is shown in the graph of the cumulative percentage of passing material according to the size of the particles in mm, from a curve that substantially corresponds to the values shown in the following table : Diameter (mm) undersize% 0 002 5 Is 12 0 005 10 Is 13 0 01 15 Is 20 0 1 30 Is 40 0 2 40 What 60 0 4 50 You 75 0 7 60 Map 85 1 90 2 70 Reviews 85 Reviews 95


Hong Kong Med J ⎥ Volume 21 Number 6 ⎥ December 2015 ⎥ www.hkmj.org A 46-year-old Chinese woman attended our accident and emergency department because of abdominal pain, no bowel movements, and vomiting for 10 days in February 2014. A plain abdominal radiograph revealed a dilated small bowel, ascending and transverse colon (Fig 1). Multiple short linear calcifications scattered along the medial aspect of the ascending colon were observed (Fig 2). Contrastenhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a long segment of circumferential bowel wall thickening and oedema involving the caecum, the whole length of the ascending colon, hepatic flexure, and the proximal part of the transverse colon. Prominent vascular calcifications that involved the mesenteric vessels over the ascending colon were also visualised (Fig 3). The patient was admitted to a surgical unit and emergency laparotomy was arranged with a provisional diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Intraoperatively, the colon was found to be ischaemic from the caecum to the splenic flexure. The small bowel was dilated and the superior mesenteric artery was patent and pulsatile. Extended right hemicolectomy and end ileostomy were performed. Histopathology of a surgical specimen showed most of the submucosal veins to have luminal occlusion by intimal thickening and a hyalinised wall with calcification. The pathological diagnosis was phlebosclerotic colitis (PC). Postoperatively, the patient's recovery was complicated by pneumonia that was successfully treated with antibiotics. She was discharged home 18 days after admission. Elective closure of the end ileostomy was performed a few months later. Ischaemic bowel disease is commonly caused by thrombosis and embolism in the mesenteric artery. Obstructed mesenteric veins causing ischaemia are rarely reported. Phlebosclerotic colitis is characterised by sclerosis and calcification of the mesenteric veins leading to large bowel ischaemia. Interestingly, a genetic factor is thought to play an important role in this disease since most patients with PC are of Asian descent. It has been suggested that portal hypertension may contribute to the condition but there is insufficient evidence to support this relationship.1 The most common symptoms of PC are abdominal pain, vomiting, and recurrent diarrhoea. The clinical course is fairly long because it is caused by chronic venous insufficiency and congestion. Serious complications including ileus and intestinal perforation have been reported.2,3 Phlebosclerotic colitis has distinct radiological findings. Plain radiographs may demonstrate multiple tortuous threadlike vascular calcifications commonly over the PICTORIAL MEDICINE


The invention relates to a wind driven generator with a folding function. The wind driven generator comprises a support mechanism, a power generation mechanism arranged on the support mechanism, and a drive mechanism arranged on the power generation mechanism. The support mechanism comprises a base, a vertical rod vertically arranged on the base, and a lifting assembly arranged in the vertical rod. The power generation mechanism comprises a rotary shaft, a stator and a rotor. The drive mechanism comprises a support seat and a drive assembly arranged on the support seat. The drive assembly comprises an adjusting unit and blades. The adjusting unit comprises a first motor, a lead screw and a loop bar. The wind driven generator with the folding function is a direct-drive type vertical-axis wind turbine, and the main design of the wind driven generator mainly aims at preventing catastrophic destruction to the wind driven generator due to direct impact of ultra-large type wind. When the ultra-large type wind occurs, the structure of the wind driven generator can be adjusted, and direct contact between the drive unit where the blades are located and the strong wind is avoided.


CHAPTER I: PROBLEM BACKGROUNDI.I IntroductionBattery and abuse can happen to anyone, yet the problem is often overlooked, concealed, or denied. According to Leonore Walker's book, The Battered Wornanil 979), a battered woman is any woman who is coerced into doing what a man desires, whether this coercion is accomplished through physical force or psychological behavior. It has been claimed that the social problem of violence against women involves acts where husbands "produce wives as victims" (Loseke, 1987).In a ten-country study on women's health and domestic violence conducted by the World Health Organization, between 15 and 71 percent of women reported physical or sexual violence by a husband or partner. Many women said that their first sexual experience was not consensual. Between 4 and 12 percent of women reported being physically abused during pregnancy (WHO 2007).There is no one single factor to account for violence perpetrated against women. Consistent with Innocenti Digest (2000), cultural, economic, legal, and political factors perpetuate abuse. Several complex and interconnected ins-titutionalized social and cultural factors have kept women particularly vulnerable to the violence directed at them, allof which reflect historically unequal power relations between men and women. Humanity Against Local Terrorism (HALT) enumerates that factors contributing to these unequal power relations include: socioeconomic forces, the family institution where power relations are enforced, fear of and control over female sexuality, belief in the inherent superiority of males, and legislation and cultural sanctions that have traditionally denied women and children independent legal and social statuses. Lack of economic resources underpins women's vulnerability to violence and their difficulty in extricating themselves from a violent relationship.According to the statistics on violence against Filipino women conducted by the Philippine Commission on Women (PCW), the number of violence against women (VAW) cases reported to the police rose by 37.4 percent from 2008 to 2009. The trend, however, was not conclusive of numerical changes in VAW incidents in the country, because data were based only on reports to the Philippine National Police. Within the twelve-year period from 1997-2009, physical injuries and/or wife battering were the most prevalent cases of abuse, accounting for nearly half of all reported VAW nationwide (PCW 2009).Since 2004, if a VAW victim files a wife battering case, it is categorized under "Violation of Republic Act 9262," (R.A. 9262) or the "Anti-Violence against Women and their Children Act of 2004." All other VAW cases, regardless of who reports the case, fall under the physical injuries category of section 5 of the same article. Violation of R.A. 9262 ranked as second most offended law (17.8%). Between 2004 and 2009, reported cases under R.A. 9262 increased from 218 to 5,285. This increase may have been a result of a continuous massive public information campaign about the law (PCW 2009).Several factors are associated with battery of wives in the Philippines. First, a traditional, universal worldview of husbands toward their wives is that they are mere possessions. These men feel that they are in charge of the relationship and that their wives must always serve and respect them. Second, a widespread factor in the Philippines is the active involvement of the batterer in substance abuse, such as alcohol and drugs. The mental alteration caused by these substances leads to unfavorable circumstances for women. Third, as the batterer reinforces feelings of worthlessness in his victim, the battered can develop poor self-esteem. The abusive husband might try to isolate his victim from engaging in friendships with others, participating in social activities, or holding a job. Fourth, economics plays an important role in battery. Many women feel that they will not be able to survive on their own if they leave the batterer or if the aggressor is imprisoned. …


Introduction:
 Recent analysis of BRFSS data used the non-laboratory-based Framingham 10-year cardiovascular (CVD) risk calculator to derive biological heart age in older adults. . This calculator utilizes cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors sex, age, BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diabetes status, smoking status and antihypertensive medication use. We examined which risk factors drove differences between biological and chronological heart age in young adults.

 Methods:
 CARDIA examined 2674 black and white men and women who attended Year 10 (mean age 34) and Year 25 (mean age 49) exams and had complete data for heart age components. Biological heart age was calculated using the non-laboratory-based Framingham 10-year CVD risk calculator. Heart age difference was defined as the difference between biological and chronological heart age, with higher values representing poorer heart age. Heart age difference was categorized into three levels, ≤-5 years, -5 to +5 years, or ≥+5 years. Differences between levels were assessed using linear regression, with heart age difference coded as an indicator variable referenced against a heart age difference of -5 and +5 years.

 Results:
 Race, smoking status, BMI and SBP were statistically significantly different from the reference in those whose heart age differences were lower (≤ -5) and higher (≥ 5) at exam years 10 and 25. Sex differed from the reference only in the lower heart age difference groups at both exams. Diabetes status differed from the reference only in the higher heart age difference groups at both exams.

 Conclusions:
 Most risk factors driving biological heart age, including race, smoking status, diabetes status, antihypertensive medication use, BMI and SBP, drive both favorable and unfavorable heart age differences at years 10 and 25 with the notable exceptions of female sex with favorable and diabetes with unfavorable heart age difference. This suggests that risk factor management at both younger and older ages impacts vascular aging.


This study develops an integrated supplier–remanufacturer and customer (downstream manufacturer) inventory model that takes into account three-echelon system with correlated demands and remanufacturing products allowing a backorder goods condition. This paper improves the observable fact that the first model system customer might select two sources from remanufactured products or supplier products without defective items. The second model further considers the defective items during the screening duration. The results are examined analytically and numerically to show that the policy of single shipment in large lot sizes results in less total cost than a frequent shipments policy. We also explore the impact of recovery rate on the economic benefits of the inventory system. In addition, we also perform sensitivity analysis to study the impact of seven important parameters (transportation cost, recovery rate, screening rate, annual demand, defect rate, and backorder rate, holding cost,) on the optimal solution. Management insights were also discussed.


A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi( AMF) on the drought tolerance of Prunus mongolica. Four AMF strains and a mixture of these four strains were inoculated with the 45- days- old P. mongolica seedlings. Water stress was imposed to these AM seedlings. Then the related indices were determined. Our results indicated that mycorrhizal plants could delay plant completely wilting for 8. 1 days; AM symbiosis improved the phosphorus absorption,soluble sugar content and SOD activity. In addition,the formation of AM increased the root biomass and water use efficiency of P. mongolica seddlings. The main discovery of this study was AM increased the ABA contents in P. mongolica to drop parts of the leaves for dealing with the drought stress.


13 Emission leakage could potentially undermine the effectiveness of unilateral 14 climate policies. Significant emission transfers from developing to developed 15 countries in the form of emissions embodied in trade have been interpreted as an 16 indication of such leakage. In order to reduce leakage and provide an appropriate 17 picture of countries' responsibility for global emissions, it has been proposed to 18 attribute emissions on the basis of consumption instead of production. However, 19 as one unit of imported emissions cannot generally be equated with a 20 corresponding increase of emissions released to the atmosphere, putting a price 21 on an externality equal to its social costs (e.g. by means of consumption-based 22 emission pricing) is not optimal for emissions embodied in imports. Hence, we 23 mandate considering a broad scope of trade measures to reduce leakage, in 24 particular focusing on a few highly traded emission-intensive industries and 25 exploiting the potential of export taxes to alleviate distributional concerns and 26 political resistance. Finally, we argue that the optimal policy portfolio to address 27 leakage may contain not only trade measures but also some form free allocation 28 of emission permits as well as sectoral approaches. 29 30 Acknowledgements: We are grateful to Sabine Fuss and Philippe Quirion for 31 helpful comments and suggestions and to Silvia Forin and Hauke Schult for 32 assistance with consumption-based emission data. 33


A case of hydatidosis with ruptured liver cysts is presented, received and treated at the Prince of Asturias University Hospital. The case presented the typical complications derived from the surgical treatment of the disease. A literature review is carried out to review the treatments for this pathology and their complications.


This article aims to bring together the critical voices that have accumulated around the work and the figure of the Slovak author Ján Ondruš. The study focuses on the disputes that have arisen among researchers. The confrontational approaches can be grouped around several issues that emerge from the texts of the Slovak poet. These issues are as follows: rewriting his own literary texts, his "schizoid" and "schizophrenic" conditions in light of which critics write about him, and "the fragmentation" of the lyrical subject in his texts. The article aims to summarize the main problems of writing about the author and his poetry and thus facilitate their potential literary-critical solution.


The BPEXS learning algorithm for expert systems is presented. It adapts the confidence factors of a fuzzy reasoning expert system, using an algorithm based on the backpropagation learning rule for neural networks. The BPEXS algorithm was designed in a very general way. It can be applied to any expert system, provided that the product operator is chosen to implement the generalized modus ponens and the expert system's conclusions are defuzzified using the center-of-area method. Preliminary results show that the BPEXS algorithm can adapt the knowledge of an expert system to identify various second-order processes with reasonable accuracy.<<ETX>>


We develop an essentially non‐oscillatory semi‐Lagrangian method for solving two‐dimensional tidal flows. The governing equations are derived from the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with assumptions of shallow water flows including bed frictions, eddy viscosity, wind shear stresses and Coriolis forces. The method employs the modified method of characteristics to discretize the convective term in a finite element framework. Limiters are incorporated in the method to reconstruct an essentially non‐oscillatory algorithm at minor additional cost. The central idea consists in combining linear and quadratic interpolation procedures using nodes of the finite element where departure points are localized. The resulting semi‐discretized system is then solved by an explicit Runge–Kutta Chebyshev scheme with extended stages. This scheme adds in a natural way a stabilizing stage to the conventional Runge–Kutta method using the Chebyshev polynomials. The proposed method is verified for the recirculation tidal flow in a channel with forward‐facing step. We also apply the method for simulation of tidal flows in the Strait of Gibraltar. In both test problems, the proposed method demonstrates its ability to handle the interaction between water free‐surface and bed frictions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.