An eight month old Rottweiler was presented with signs of a cervical spinal cord lesion. Hypoplasia of the dens and subsequent atlantoaxial (A-A) subluxation was diagnosed by radiography. The A-A joint was arthrodesed by use of 4.0 mm cannulated screws. The dog regained full neurological function.


Glioblastoma (GBM) has a poor prognosis despite intensive treatments such as surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy, thus new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to improve the outcome. In addition, invasive nature of glioblastoma is one of the reasons for treatment failure, thus regulating glioblastoma invasion is essential to improve the outcome of GBM patients. To develop new treatment strategies, patient derived xenografts (PDXs) are essential tools for preclinical and translational research for glioblastoma because PDXs recapitulated histological features of original patients' tumors such as invasion. In this study, we aim to comprehensively analyze the mechanism of glioblastoma invasion using PDXs. We have injected GFP-tagged glioblastoma PDXs lines into the right cerebrum of immunodeficient mice and dissected the right and left cerebrum separately when the mice got tumors. We dissociated the brain, sorted tumor cells by flow cytometry, and extracted RNA from tumor cells in right and left cerebrum, respectively. We performed RNA sequencing and analyzed the transcriptome differences between tumor cells from right cerebrum and left cerebrum. We found significant differences in expression of extracellular matrix related proteins, cell motility related proteins, and cell adhesion related proteins between these two. These findings suggest that PDXs will be of use for comprehensively investigating the mechanism of glioblastoma invasion and extracellular matrix related proteins, cell motility related proteins, and cell adhesion related proteins have significant roles of glioblastoma invasion.


Photograph of the interior lobby of the Abilene Country Club. In the foreground, a long sofa facing three chairs can be seen. A glass coffee table is at their center and an end table with a lamp sits to the right of the sofa. The area is sectioned off by a room partition that wraps behind the sofa. In the background beyond the partition, multiple plants are placed throughout the room and views of the property can be seen through several tall windows.


-BUILT-IN SELF-TEST (BIST) techniques can effectively reduce the complexity of VLSI testing, by introducing on-chip test hardware into the circuit-under-test (CUT). In BIST architectures, the linear feedback shift register (LFSR) is commonly used in the test pattern generators (TPGs) and output response analyzers. A major drawback of these architectures is that the pseudorandom patterns generated by the LFSR lead to significantly high switching activities in the CUT, which can cause excessive power dissipation. This drawback can be reduced by using Low Power LFSR. In this paper the Low Power LFSR generates the Test Pattern for BIST by using the MSIC vectors. This will improve the Performance of BIST rather than the previous techniques of using LFSR and Twisted ring Counters. The test time and data volume required for test pattern generation is also reduced in this technique. It is flexible to both Test per Scan and Test per Clock techniques.


Background: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is an uncommon life-threatening condition characterized by the production of gases within the renal parenchyma and perirenal space. We aimed to study the clinical features, radiological classification, prognostic factors of EPN, and outcome among the various radiological classes of EPN. Methods: All the patients who were admitted to the urology ward of our Institute were included and the study period was for the last 5 years. It was a retrospective study and the collection of file records were done from the medical record section department of our Institute. Results: Overall 20 cases were diagnosed to have emphysematous pyelonephritis. There were 12 females and 8 males and the majority of the patients were from (40-50) age groups. Eighteen cases had type 2 diabetes mellitus and two patients had upper ureteric calculus. 16 cases had unilateral involvement, 3 had bilateral involvement and one patient had solitary kidney with EPN. 12 cases were classified as having class 1 or 2 diseases and eight cases had class 3 and 4 diseases. The most common clinical presentations were flank pain (95%) and fever (85%). The most common organism cultured was Escherichia Coli (E. coli) (70%). Most of the cases were managed by percutaneous nephrostomy drainage (PCN) of the collecting system with medical management. Shock at admission (p=0.009), serum creatinine >5.0 mg/dl (p= 0.031) and DIC (p= 0.045) were independent poor prognostic factors. Conclusions: Early control of blood sugar with vigorous hydration and appropriate intravenous extended-spectrum antibiotic should be the initial treatment of choice. Early percutaneous nephrostomy should be tried even in advanced stages. Shock, DIC and Serum creatinine >5mg/dl on admission are independent predictors of poor outcome.


Summary Recent studies carried out on the upper Tisa and its left hand tributaries from north Romania, Vi ş eu, Iza, S ǎ pân ţ a and Runc rivers, reveals the present distribution of this species. The data show that the Carpathian Brook Lamprey Eudontomyzon danfordi occurs only in headwaters of five rivers or brooks and in some of these they have also the spawning areas. The species is extinct in numerous sub-tributaries which are affected mainly by the mining activities and also retain its populations in others localities despite of the apparent human impact.


This paper uses the 1985 Family Expenditure Survey sample to examine the extent and incidence of poverty in Northern Ireland and to explore the relationship with the distribution of income. The study concludes that incomes are less equally divided in Northern Ireland than in Great Britain. The relative extent of poverty in Northern Ireland is a question that cannot be answered so straight forwardly since its extent varies with the measure employed. The indices of inequality are decomposed by family type and economic status. The major contribution to inequality came from within the popu lation subgroups rather than between them. his paper explores the relationship between poverty and the distribution A of income by employing decomposition analysis on the Northern Ireland Family Expenditure Survey (FES) data of 1985. It thus provides an empirical perspective to the recent analysis of poverty and the distribution of income developed by Lewis and Ulph (1987). To be poor is considered by many, most particularly Townsend (1979), to be excluded due to lack of personal resources from participation in basic social activity. In contrast to this, some observers consider that poverty is synonymous with low income and thus its analysis may be subsumed within that of the distribution of income. It is clear then that normative issues will inevitably pervade our analysis. In response


Democratic elections come with promises by politicians but the extent to which electorates' livelihood is improved after elections leaves much to answer. Against the above background, this study sought to investigate the leading risk factors of rural poverty and its challenges in Ngolo location, a semi-rural community near Mthatha and to establish the possible solutions to the situation. The study was foregrounded by Subculture of Poverty Theory propounded by Oscar Lewis. Survey Questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 60 respondents drawn from a target population of household heads in the community. A complement of Chi-square test, Linear Regression and Factor Analysis were utilized in the data analysis. The study found that poverty risk in Ngolo community is collectively and positively explained by household members' infection by HIV, lack of good motor ways for transportation of goods, municipal officials' embezzlement of funds by politicians, lack of education by some family members, and lack of high qualification by family members. The study also revealed poverty risk perception in the community as a function of male headed households, lower age of household heads, fewer members in a household, higher educational level households and households with higher income. Access to clean water, insufficient food and children dropping out of school were reported as the main challenging social needs, challenging difficulties and negative effects of poverty. Strategies which seek to eradicate corruption within the municipal officials and community members' voting for reliable political parties were endorsed as means towards eradicating poverty in the community.
Keywords: Risk Factors, Poverty, Community, Semi-Rural, Elections, South Africa


Since from the performance of the state assistant student loan(SSSL),the source of law belongs to the departmental rules.All these source of law makes colleges and universities take the responsibilities on facultative and mandatory rules.Based on these rules,colleges and universities establish civil legal relationship with commercial banks and students on loan.The civil legal relationship with commercial banks can be divided into clientage:commercial banks as the client and colleges and universities as the clientage.The civil legal relationship with students on loan can be classified into agency relation: students of loan as principal and colleges and universities as agent.As interested party,colleges and universities play two parts of clientage and agent between both parties,which illustrates the defects of the SSSL system design.


Service quality of hospitals is recognized as an important antecedent on exploring the overall service experience of patients globally. The present study analyzes the perception of the patients regarding implementation of a new service and its effect on quality of care. It investigates patients' perceptions of the government introduced programme -VIBGYOR which uses colored bed-sheets under a weekly color coded scheme in hospitals in North India. The study also analyzed the various gaps in the perceptions and expectations of service quality by patients in the district hospitals. The study was carried out at district hospital of Panchkula, Haryana. A longitudinal study was devised for this purpose. Data was collected through area sampling and a total of 137 respondents were approached for the study. The results indicate that there was a strong positive correlation between Tangibility and Assurance (.890), Empathy and Assurance (.866) and also between Empathy and Responsiveness (.822). This study redirects that several factors of service quality act as major antecedents to create satisfied patients and reinforce positive behavioral perceptions among them. Thus, Hospitals should allocate their resources, rationally regarding the attributes of service quality based on their effective perception by the patients. These attributes should also contribute to patients' satisfaction and hence increase overall patient satisfaction.


The ganglioside composition in meningioma specimens from 20 patients was analyzed to find potential me‐ningioma‐associated structures. The characterization was performed by immunological staining with specific monoclonal antibodies to gangJioside antigens and fast atom bombardment‐mass spectrometry. The major gangliosides were GM3 and GD3, and most of the meningioma specimens could be divided into a "GM3‐rich" or a "GD3‐rich" group. Gangliosides of the gangliotetraose series were represented by GM1, GD1 a, GDlb, and GT1b, which were found in minor amounts in all the specimens. The ratios of GM1/ GD1a and GD1a/GDlb differed from that in normal brain, and therefore existence of this series could not be explained by contamination with brain material. Ganglioside 3′‐isoLM1, found in human malignant glioma, could not be detected in any meningioma specimen.


The research on electronic control unit based on electronically controlled assembly unit pump which took XC164 as MCU was introduced.Cylinder detection was realized with camshaft and crankshaft signals.With the capture/reload function of XC164,the frequency multiplication of crankshaft signal was acquired,the inspection accuracy of crankshaft position was increased,and the accuracy control of injection timing was realized.The solenoid valves of unit pump were controlled and the control of high speed switch for solenoid valve was realized with the high-side and low-side drive,the high-voltage and low-voltage switch and the current close loop control technology.Experimental results show that the control unit can meet the requirements of electronically controlled assembly unit pump system.


The article presents information on the expectancy theories of managerial motivation.A discussion is presented about the main lines of investigation into motivation research such as drive x habit, ...


In this letter, we study the ergodic secrecy sum-rate of a multiuser downlink system achievable by using the regularized zero-forcing precoding based on imperfect channel estimation. The channels between the base station and users are modeled as fading channels with different spatial correlations and line-of-sight components. By using the limiting distribution of a new class of random matrix, we derive a large-system approximation of the ergodic secrecy sum-rate in the multiuser downlink system. The large-system approximation provides a reliable performance prediction, which enables us to identify the optimal regularization parameter efficiently.


I review highlights of recent results in quark-flavor physics and heavy-quark spectroscopy from lattice QCD, with emphasis on $B$-meson decays and excited and exotic charmonium states.


Cerebral palsy (CP) is the largest single cause of childhood physical disability. While the brain lesion responsible for CP is static, there is a cascade of secondary musculoskeletal adaptations including reduced muscle size, reduced joint range of motion, increased joint stiffness, and muscle weakness. These secondary alterations progress with age and contribute to a gradual loss of functional capacity into adulthood. Strength training has been used to increase muscle strength in individuals with CP, however it may not be an effective intervention for improving gross mobility-related measures, such as walking performance. It is also unknown whether skeletal muscle in young adults with CP can undergo hypertrophy or architectural adaptations in response to different exercise modes. The general aim of this thesis was to examine the effect of combined functional anaerobic and strength training (FAST) on muscle properties, functional capacity, and gait in adolescents and young adults with CP.A systematic review was undertaken (Chapter 2) to determine the effects of muscle strengthening interventions on skeletal muscle morphology and architecture in children and adolescents with CP. The analysis revealed preliminary evidence that strength training leads to increased muscle size in children and adolescents with CP, accompanied by an increase in muscle strength. Muscle hypertrophy findings may, however, be confounded by factors such as natural growth and concurrent therapies. The findings of this review informed the design of the FAST program and outcome measures used in the following studies to better understand the muscular responses to exercise training in this population.The full study protocol for the FAST intervention is described in Chapter 3. There have been no previous exercise trials conducted in young adults with CP using training parameters that meet established guidelines, that have measured muscle morphology and architecture outcomes. Details of the functional anaerobic and resistance training parameters and progressions according to established guidelines are set out, as well as establishing a-priori outcome measures and the data analysis plan for implementation of the intervention.A cross-sectional study was undertaken (Chapter 4) to investigate the relationships between muscle strength, stiffness, and functional capacity in a larger sample of adults with CP. The results of this study demonstrated that maximum isometric plantar flexion strength independently explained 50 – 61% of variance in functional capacity outcome measures. Passive medial gastrocnemius muscle fascicle stiffness and ankle joint stiffness were not related to functional capacity measures. These findings suggest lower isometric muscle strength of the plantar flexor muscles contributes to the decline in functional capacity in adults with CP.Chapter 5 investigated the impact of the FAST intervention on lower limb muscle volumes, joint and muscle stiffness, muscle strength, and functional capacity in a sample of 17 young adults with CP. Participants were randomised to 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week, of high intensity functional anaerobic and progressive resistance training of the lower limbs (n=8), or a waitlist control group (n=9). Pre- and post-training plantar flexor and tibialis anterior muscle volumes and composition, passive and active plantar flexor muscle properties, and functional capacity outcomes were assessed. The training group had higher values compared to the control group (adjusted mean difference) at 12-weeks for: more- and less-impaired total plantar flexor and tibialis anterior muscle volumes; maximum isometric plantar flexion strength; muscle power sprint test peak power; agility shuttle time; composite functional strength score; and six-minute walk test distance. The addition of anaerobic training to progressive resistance exercise likely contributed to the improved functional capacity.The final experimental study (Chapter 6) reports on the gait outcomes following the FAST intervention. Participants walked at a preferred walking speed on a force instrumented, tandem treadmill, while three-dimensional kinematics, kinetics were simultaneously acquired. There were no changes between the training group and control group for maximum ankle DF angle at foot contact or during stance; gait profile score; and peak ankle power during late stance. Within-group analysis revealed an increase in ankle power generation during late stance after training in the intervention group, in part due to a compensatory reduction in hip power generation, indicating a potential trade-off between the two joints post-training. Overground functional capacity improvements reported in Chapter 5 occurred in the absence of treadmill gait kinematic changes. The collection of studies in this thesis provides new information on the relationships between muscle structure and function in adults with CP, and the influence of a combined FAST intervention on muscle properties, functional capacity, and gait. Skeletal muscle in high functioning young adults appears to be capable of undergoing a hypertrophic response to FAST. Undertaking specific anaerobic exercises in addition to resistance exercise may be important for improving functional capacity in these individuals. Taken together, these findings have important implications for the prescription of exercise in high functioning young adults with CP as a means of addressing the muscle and functional deficits that progress with age in this population.


We investigate whether it is possible to explain the wide range of observed gradients in early-type galaxies in the framework of monolithic models. To do so, we extend the set of hydrodynamical simulations by Pipino et al. by including low-mass ellipticals and spiral (true) bulges. These models satisfy the mass-metallicity and the mass-[α/Fe] relations. The typical metallicity gradients predicted by our models have a slope of -0.3 dex per decade variation in radius, consistent with the mean values of several observational samples. However, we also find a few quite massive galaxies in which this slope is -0.5 dex per decade, in agreement with some recent data. In particular, we find a mild dependence from the mass tracers when we transform the stellar abundance gradients into radial variations of the Mg 2 line-strength index, but not in the Mg b . We conclude that, rather than a mass-slope relation, is more appropriate to speak of an increase in the scatter of the gradient slope with the galactic mass. We can explain such a behaviour with different efficiencies of star formation in the framework of the revised monolithic formation scenario, hence the scatter in the observed gradients should not be used as an evidence of the need of mergers. Indeed, model galaxies that exhibit the steepest gradient slopes are preferentially those with the highest star formation efficiency at that given mass.


Modern theoretical notations on electrical breakdown in vacuum consider cathode triggering mechanisms to be most responsible on short-pulsed (<1 /spl mu/s) breakdowns while anode mechanisms to be responsible in a part on DC and long-pulsed breakdowns. Following those notations, we tried to reveal conditions at which either mechanism steps aside to another one. The study involved several experimental techniques including the anode-probe surface scanning, pulsed electron-beam surface melting in vacuum for surface cleaning, and intentional dust particle contamination of electrode surfaces. Breakdown tests were performed using a pulser capable of producing 220 kV quasi-square pulses that were adjustable to /spl sim/30 to 80 ns pulse length. Our experiments showed that cathode emission sites are responsible for breakdowns at relatively low hold-off fields. At higher electric fields of up to 1 MV/cm, the anode share in the mechanism of triggering breakdown becomes probably more significant than the cathode mechanism.


It has been reported that women and men suffering acute myocardial infarction (AMI) present with different symptomatology. To ascertain this in adults


A series of 66 crossover femoro-femoral grafts performed during the past six years is reported. There were four early and three late graft closures at 4, 8, and 30 months postoperatively, caused by inadequate runoff or subsequent progression of arteriosclerosis distal to the bypass. One graft closure at 15 months was a result of unrecognized inflow occlusion. There has been no evidence of any "steal" phenomenon from the donor leg and flow studies suggest that this does not occur. One operative death (less than 2%) and 14 late deaths were due primarily to cardiovascular disease. The low mortality, minimal morbidity, and long-term patency rate (84.9% at three, four, and five years) make crossover femoro-femoral grafting the procedure of choice in unilateral aorto-iliac occlusive disease.


Background
As education in the United States pushes for accountability, educational programs across the country are attempting to find innovative ways to measure student learning outcomes. Competency-based education is one model favorable among many academic institutions and accreditation agencies because it links theory to practice (Clark, Competency-based education for social work: Evaluation and curriculum issues, 1976; Hall & Jones, Competency-based education: A process for the improvement of education, 1976; Johnstone & Soares, Change, 46, 2014, 12; Pace, Competency education series: Policy brief one, 2013). The research indicates that there is no standard definition of competency-based education and agreement on the criteria that encompass this model (Book, All hands on deck: Ten lessons from early adopters of competency-based education, 2014; Le, Wolfe, & Steinberg, The past and the promise: Today's competency education movement, 2014; Riesman, On competence: A critical analysis of competence-based reforms in higher education, 1979).

Methods
This research reviewed the literature on competency-based education and interviewed key informants from various disciplines to gain a deeper understanding of this phenomenon.

Results
This research constructs an operational definition of competency-based education and then applies this definition to build an assessment tool to determine the extent that competency-based education exists in an academic program.


The transformation of financing, the changing nature of financial risks and the resulting policy challenges were the main topics of a meeting on "New financing trends in Latin America: a bumpy ride towards stability" held in Mexico City on May 26–27, 2007 and jointly organised by the Bank for International Settlements and the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. This introduction is an overview of selected issues discussed by central banks, finance ministries, multilateral institutions, academics and private sector participants.


Chalk, a soft, white, variable, high porosity, rock has been the focus of recent research into pile behaviour following the rapid expansion of offshore windfarms in Northern Europe and the advancement of other major infrastructure projects in areas where foundations are installed in chalk. An overview of recent in-situ testing (cone penetration tests and geophysical tests) at low-medium density chalk sites is presented. Typical cone penetration test profiles are discussed, which illustrate that while cone resistance and friction ratio in chalk lie within the typical ranges for sands and clays, pore pressures are remarkably high and dissipate quickly, leading to partial drainage occurring during cone penetration tests conducted at standard velocities. The CPT cone resistance increases markedly with reducing penetration rate due to increasing degrees of drainage developing around the advancing cone tip. While both cone resistance and friction ratio have been shown to increase with improving chalk grade, a consistent method to classify chalk grade using CPT parameters has not yet been developed. Shear wave velocities measured in the field through geophysical testing fall below the trends interpreted from laboratory tests on intact samples, which may be attributable to the presence of fractures in the chalk mass or differences in applied effective stress levels. However, the cone resistance profiles developed in structured chalk provide sensitive indicators of local variations in key factors that affect mass shear strength and density. This observation has encouraged the authors to propose CPT based design methods for piles driven in chalk.


The dynamics between identity (who I am) and anti-identity (who am I not) are drawn on to explore the identity work of senior and middle managers who have elected to embark on formal, sustained and intensive leadership development work. We construct the concept of a default identity, not primarily as an oppositional or negative identity, but as a baseline identity that, because it is securely held, has a major role to play in the understanding, acquisition and performance of more emergent identity constructions. In exploring the dynamics between management (default identity) and leadership (emergent and desirable identity) for instance, it becomes clear that each is shaped by the other in subtle and overt ways. We conclude that the recognition of the dynamics and relationships between them holds some promise for new thinking and innovation in terms of individual organizational identity work, leadership development and organizational change.


As organizations face increasing levels of competition, the need to have a sustainable competitive advantage grows ever more important. Organizations are required to be more flexible, adaptable to the changing environment in the market, nurturing their core competencies to stay ahead of the competition. In order to be able to compete successfully, organizations need to craft strategies that dictate the moves and approaches needed to achieve its targeted objectives and how it intends to stay ahead (5).


Kernels of digraphs provide an alternative presentation of the classical propositional semantics, [3, 2, 9]. Semikernels generalize kernels and, with some additional restrictions, provide semantics also for inconsistent theories, reducing to the classical kernels whenever the theory is consistent. The used semikernels are kernels of a maximal consistent subtheory (defined in the paper), so that semantics of any (also inconsistent) theory is the classical semantics of such a subtheory. We show that a classical resolution system, introduced in [9], is sound and complete (modulo weakening) for this new semantics, when used for direct, instead of refutational, reasoning. Natural interpretation of the Graph Normal Form, underlying the presentation, gives immediate applications to the analysis of paradoxes, which are used in the examples. §


We consider the problem of measuring a single qubit, known to have been prepared in either a randomly selected pure state or a randomly selected real pure state. We seek the measurements that provide either the best estimate of the state prepared or maximise the accessible information. Surprisingly, any sensible measurement turns out to be optimal. We discuss the application of these ideas to multiple qubits and higher-dimensional systems.


Feature selection is an important issue, especially for classification problems where artificial neural networks are involved. It is known that using large number of inputs can make the network overspecific and require significantly longer time to learn the characteristics of the training data. Such over-specificity also reduces the generalisation capabilities of a neural network, so the network may fail to classify new data outside the range of the training data. Although feature selection methods have been used in remote sensing studies for many years, their use in the context of artificial neural networks has not been fully investigated. This paper sets out some results of an investigation of feature selection techniques, specifically the separability indices, in the problem of determining the optimum network structure in terms of achieved accuracy. For this purpose, separability indices, including divergence, transformed divergence, Bhattacharyya distance and Jeffries-Matusita distance, and the Mahalanobis distance classifier (MDC) based on two accuracy measures are employed to determine the best eight-band combination out of a 24 band multitemporal dataset. Two search procedures, sequential forward selection and the genetic algorithm, have been used to search for the best band combinations using separability measures as evaluation functions.


Despite the extraordinary success of the deep architectures on semantic segmentation for remote sensing (RS) images, they have difficulties in learning new classes from a sequential data stream because of catastrophic forgetting. Continual learning for semantic segmentation (CSS) is an emerging trend for its capability to cope with the above problems effectively. However, old classes from previous steps are collapsed into the background, which further aggravates the challenge of CSS in the RS scene. In this article, we revisit the knowledge distillation (KD) strategy and the characteristics of class-incremental semantic segmentation (CISS) and then present a generalized and effective framework to learn new classes while preserving knowledge of the learned classes. In particular, we propose two novel historical information-guided modules: the feature global perception module and the label reconstruction (LR) module. The former enables the current model to pay more attention to the region related to the old categories identified by the historical information when learning new classes. Meanwhile, the latter retrieves pixels belonging to the learned classes from the background to handle the background shift problem and maintain the high performance of old classes. We have conducted comprehensive experiments on two RS semantic segmentation datasets of Instance Segmentation in Aerial Images Dataset (iSAID) and Gao Fen (GF) challenge semantic segmentation dataset (GCSS). The experimental results outperform the current state-of-the-art methods in most incremental settings, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed framework.


Graduated physical exercise with the moderate power (50% of PWC170) induces marked change in such cardiovascular system indices as stroke volume and cardiac output, heart rate in boys with the age of 1116 years. The nature of reactions of the boys' cardiovascular systems rapid adaptation to physical exercise during adolescence period of ontogenesis depends on the level of their sexual maturity. The boys with the 1 st and the 2 nd grades of sexual maturity demonstrate the reactions to exercise with the highest growth of heart rate, while the highest growth of cardiac output is typical for the boys with the 3-5 th grades of sexual maturity. It was revealed that for the boys with the 3-4 th sexual maturity stages the reactions to physical activity were expressed in the maximum values of stroke volume and cardiac output and the recovery period for the investigated parameters was rather extended. At this stage of the boys' development the recovery of cardiac output to the level at rest has a non-linear nature, there can be observed a "negative phase" in the heart rate recovery which can be considered as a symptom of excessive response, unfavorable cardiovascular system reaction to physical exercise.


Introduction: the process of vocational training towards Technical Education Studies from Pinar del Rio University of Medical Sciences for students of Pre-University Institutes, is a spontaneous and non-systemic manifestation, and it does not achieve school-family-community integration, showing itself by the insufficient  scheduling of activities into the university to increase motivation of pre-university students interested in entering the technical education, resulting in  a high degree of demotivation, which is associated with academic failure. Objective: to design a strategy for the development of vocational training towards higher studies of health profiles in the technical education, from the university to the pre-university students taking advantage of the school-family-community relationship. Methods: materialist dialectical method as the articulator of the rest of the methods, using among the empirical methods: surveys, interviews with experts, and the documentary analysis; as methods from the theoretical level: historical-logical, modeling and structural systemic were used. Results: the strategy for professional orientation towards studies in technical education from the university encompassing a conscious, systemic and comprehensive approach based on the relationship school - family - community, considering the development of professional performance. Conclusions: a strategy was designed to increase professional motivation towards the studies in Technical Education from the university, taking into account a conscious, systemic and comprehensive approach based on the relationship school - family - community, supported on the development of professional performance, where each one assumes the role consciously, together with a dynamic multiplier of actions.


Over the last decades the tourist activity has shown to be able to generate employment and wealth by offering well-being and prosperity to the inhabitants around the world. Despite of this, many places do not produce wealth and they also have a high environmental and social cost.
To achieve a sustainable tourist development it must be oriented to take care of the environment, perserve the cultural – natural wealth and protect endangered comunities that is why the Tourism World Organization (TWO) has several purposes such as: stablish a limitless universal language with no discrimination for languages or races and it also declares that tourist routes have the objective to admire scenaries, remember historical sites, enjoy beah or mountain zones and adventure or sports activities by following an itinerary and connecting zones with diverse attractions.
Through the following research work the objective is to propose the design of a tourist route for the Yambaca commune in Cariamanga parish of canton Calvas, Province of Loja. The territory where Yambaca commune is stablished has deeds issued by The Crown of Spain. The commune was declared as "indigenous community of lands denominated Yambaca Nongora", however, in 1937 the Ecuadorian State recognized it as an ancestral community and since this happening it is considered as a social organization into the parameters of the Ecuadorian State.
The reserach work is named Tourist route for the Yambaca commune in Cariamanga parish of canton Calvas, Province of Loja. The three objectives that helped us to achieve this work are: Diagnose the main attractions of the Yambaca commune in Cariamanga parish of canton Calvas, Province of Loja; Elaborate the tourist route of the Yambaca commune in Cariamanga parish of canton Calvas, Province of Loja; Design strategies about the tourist product elaborated for the Yambaca commune in Cariamanga parish of canton Calvas, Province of Loja.
To accomplish the first objective a diagnosys of the main attractions of the Yambaca commune in Cariamanga parish of canton Calvas, Province of Loja was made. The analythic method allowed to make an analysis of the environment of the attraction in order to know its reality. The Carla Ricaurte Matrix collected all the information of the place. In the same way the sinthetic, insuctive and deductive methods were used to deveplo this work.
The inventory cards of tourist attractions of MINTUR were used to identify and rank the natural and cultural tourist attractions in the commune.
With the base line the more important points of the tourist route were determined and strategies were serached through the use of FODA.
To accomplish the second objective the data collected in the first objective was used. To elaborate the route several aspects such as the importance of tourist attractions and the data colleted throug interviews made to people involved in the tourist activity were taken into account.
The work to design the tourist route was made by using a GPS connecting interest points and tourist services as well as the distance between each tourist attraction.
To accomplish the third objetive design strategies about the tourist product elaborated for the Yambaca commune in Cariamanga parish of canton Calvas, Province of Loja we consider to look for strategies to promote the tourist product through Facebook, brochures, souvenirs, and the socialization of the Project in order to involve the communa in the tourist activity with the creation of a tourit route that will create multiple benefits to cointribute to the development of communa Yambaca.
Through the socialization of the tourist route the population knew the benefits the will receive. The technique called MAARP was used in three steps: Initial; Execution and results wich will help the community to be conscious about the tourist product.
Regarding the results of this research work we can mention that a diagnosys was made in the Yambaca Communa Cariamanga Parish in which we could know the location, limits, flora and fauna, tourist attractions, infrastructure and social aspects. All this information was shaped in the inventory cards of tourist attractions of MINTUR and also in the Carla Ricaurte Matrix. Also, it was necessary to make an interview to Mr. Angel Narvaez President of Yambaca Communa, this information helped to reinforce information about the present situation to research in the Yambaca commune.


Enclosure for the practice of sports games, which is formed by a wall surrounding the playing surface and is preferably square or rectangular polygonal contour. In this enclosure for track ball game wall above is it has a number of separate rigid panels, which are connected consecutively by articulations vertical axis relate their adjacent vertical edges and allow the folding panel assembly in overlapping positions, and their deployed to occupy coplanar positions in each section or canvas wall and perpendicular positions in consecutive sections or canvasses, said articulations coinciding with four vertical edges of the wall.


Research aimed at generating evidence to address elicitation challenges that arise because of extreme inequality and marginalized perspectives requires deliberation on relevant methodologies that can elicit insights by both revering marginalized sociocultural strengths and being sensitive to power imbalances. In this article, we provide examples of participatory methods that make the most of often silenced non-Western sociocultural strengths and create opportunities for participation despite barriers due to inequality. The examples emerged from multiple researcher journals and visual data from a study that documented indigenous psychology on resilience with elders (n = 24; male = 10, female = 14) and young people (n = 48; male = 21, female = 27) in two remote Southern African border communities. We describe the examples of elicitation methods to make the most of culture using (i) symbols that reflect nonmainstream sociocultural perspectives, (ii) familiar multiliteracies, (iii) a variety of spoken languages, and (iv) familiar collectivist modes, as well as contextual characteristics to (i) equalize opportunity given structural disparity, (ii) equalize power, and (iii) honor gender and age hierarchies. We conclude that methods for indigenous research can honor and leverage marginalized cultures and contexts to extend beyond sympathy for an oppressed worldview or a context of deprivation.


Background and purpose:Many studies have shown that postoperative chemoradiotherapy for middle stage and advanced esophageal carcinomas can improve treatment results in recent years,but few reported specially on the adverse effects.This study aimed to investigate the adverse effects of postoperative chemoradiotherapy for thoracic esophageal squamous carcinoma(EPC) and their counter measures.Methods:A total number of 164 patients with thoracic EPC and with positive lymph nodes underwent postoperative chemoradiotherapy.The irradiation dose was 50 Gy.The chemotherapy consisted of cisplatin and paclitaxel,and 1 cycle continued 21 days.Results:The 3-year overall survival rate was 65.7%.The early toxic responses mainly represented as following: ①Myelotoxicity principally showed leucopenia at grade 1/2 occurred in 125 patients(76.2%) and at grade 3/4 in 33 patients(20.1%);②Baldness at grade 1/2 occurred in 147 patients(89.6%);③Pain of muscles or arthralgia at grade 1/2 occurred in 97 patients(59.1%);④Responses of gastrointestinal tract at grade 1/2 occurred in 32 patients(19.5%) and at grade 3 in 6 patients(3.7%);⑤There was no obvious liver and renal function abnormal and allergy;⑥Radiation induced esophagitis and tracheitis at grade 1/2 occurred in 61 patients(37.2%) and in 28 patients(17.1%) respectively.The late toxic responses of irradiation were pulmonary toxicity at grade 3 occurred in 8 patients(4.9%) and at grade 4 in one patients(0.6%),and stenostomia occurred in 1 patient(0.6%).Conclusion:The toxic responses of postoperative chemoradiotherapy in thoracic EPC mainly represented leucopenia,pain of muscles or arthralgia and responses of gastrointestinal tract,and they were tolerant.


Abstract The lanthanum borate glasses doped with Pr3+ were prepared by the melt-quenching technique for study in physical and luminescence properties. The glass composition in this study is 27.5La2O3-(72.5-x)B2O3-xPr2O3, where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mol%. The results showed that the doping of Pr2O3 with more concentration increased glass density and molar volume. Absorbed photons with 444 nm can excite the glass samples to release the strongest emission at 485 nm wavelength. The suitable concentration for adding Pr3+ into La2O3-B2O3-Pr2O3 glass, which can perform the strongest light emission, was 0.5 mol% of Pr2O3. The Judd–Ofelt (JO) Ωλ (λ = 2, 4, and 6) parameters were calculated to explore the nature of environment surrounding Pr3+ ions. The CIE chromaticity (x, y) coordinate was calculated from the emission spectra indicating its location in the yellowish and orange region. This research leads to availability for use of glass as a light source in the yellow-orange-emitting device.


Ordinary least square is parameter estimation method for linier regression analysis by minimizing residual sum of square. In the presence of multicollinearity, estimators which are unbiased and have a minimum variance can not be generated . Multicollinearity refers to a situation where regressor variables are highly correlated. Generalized Ridge Regression is an alternative method to deal with multicollinearity problem. In Generalized Ridge Regression, different biasing parameters for each regressor variables were added to the least square equation after transform the data to the space of orthogonal regressors. The analysis showed that Generalized Ridge Regression was satisfactory to overcome multicollinearity.


The instability and the localization process of unstable plastic flow during constant pressure bulging of superplastic Ti-6Al-4V sheets are analyzed. A generalized stability criterion is developed by generalizing Hart's stability criterion[1] in terms of strain and strain rate. According to the stability criterion, a new concept of the flow localization factor (FLF), which enables quantitative description of the localization process of unstable plastic flow, is presented. A finite element model that simulates experiments on constant pressure bulging is applied to compute the FLF at the fracture point. It is found that the localization process during constant pressure bulging can be divided into three stages: (1) the developing period of initial localized flow, (2) the steady stage of strain concentration, and (3) the accelerating stage of strain concentration, which results in the final fracture.


ing and discussion effort to explore and communicate a per-spective of change in societies that stems from citizens rather than states or markets. It was initiated by a group of Dutch private aid agencies (Hivos, Cordaid, ICCO Oxfam-Novib, SNV, IKV-Pax Christi, Context) and is co-ordinated and hosted by the Institute of Social Studies (ISS) in The Hague (Netherlands). For further information: www.iss.nl/cdc.


The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the international trade of Skoda Auto, the largest Czech car manufacturer. The work represents society in all respects, it also deals with its historical development. Its main part is focused on selected foreign markets which the Company Skoda auto as successfully implements its business. Chosen markets are analyzed from the perspective of competition and distribution according to the company's position and its market share in these markets. The work gives a comprehensive look at the issue, including future prospects.


: In this study, it was studied to determine what the behaviors/situations that individuals expect from their partners in a happy romantic relationship should be by scaling study with the law of rank order judgment scaling model to determined. In addition, rankings were compared by conducting scaling study separately for Turkish and American participants according to country variable. Data set of the study consisted of 86 American and 113 Turkish volunteer participants' responses to a data collection tool prepared in their native language. According to the research findings. Three of the most important behaviors / situations expected from the partners in a happy romantic relationship were determined as "fulfills the responsibilities of a healthy relationship". "respects my personal freedom/space" and "follows the rules of etiquette and has good manners". This ranking was different for American and Turkish participants. On the other hand, for the Turkish participants first three criteria are stated as "fulfills the responsibilities of a healthy relationship", "has good relations with my parents", "respects my personal freedom/space"; for the American participants the order changes as "fulfills the responsibilities of a healthy relationship", "respects my personal freedom/space" and "realizes my needs and meets them".


Nine Departments of Respiratory Diseases took part in a multicenter trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intramuscular imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. Two hundred and thirty-six hospitalized patients were admitted to the study, 149 men and 87 women (mean age ±s.d. 62.76 ± 13.78 years). The infection was classified as mild in 16 cases, moderate in 179 cases and severe in 41 cases. Imipenem was administered intramuscularly at 500 mg every 12 h. Pathogens were isolated from sputum or bronchial aspirate before, during (48–72 h) the treatment and 48 h after the end of the treatment. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequently isolated species. At the end of treatment the bacteriological eradication rate was 90.1%. The clinical results were good (cure or improvement) in over 94% of cases. There were no significant adverse reactions. Five patients complained of pain at the injection site and two of these withdrew from treatment. Intramuscular imipenem thus proved effective and well tolerated in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.


Network function virtualization (NFV) envisions the use of cloud computing and virtualization technology to reduce costs and innovate network services. However, this paradigm shift poses the question whether NFV will be able to fulfill the strict performance and dependability objectives required by regulations and customers. Thus, we propose a dependability benchmark to support NFV providers at making informed decisions about which virtualization, management, and application-level solutions can achieve the best dependability. We define in detail the use cases, measures, and faults to be injected. Moreover, we present a benchmarking case study on two alternative, production-grade virtualization solutions, namely VMware ESXi/vSphere (hypervisor-based) and Linux/Docker (container-based), on which we deploy an NFV-oriented IMS system. Despite the promise of higher performance and manageability, our experiments suggest that the container-based configuration can be less dependable than the hypervisor-based one, and point out which faults NFV designers should address to improve dependability.


Let X be a space of homogeneous type and let L be a sectorial operator with bounded holomorphic functional calculus on L(X). We assume that the semigroup {e}t>0 satisfies Davies-Gaffney estimates. In this paper, we introduce a new type of paraproduct operators that is constructed via certain approximations of the identity associated to L. We show various boundedness properties on L(X) and the recently developed Hardy and BMO spaces H L(X) and BMOL(X). In generalization of standard paraproducts constructed via convolution operators, we show L(X) off-diagonal estimates as a substitute for Calderón-Zygmund kernel estimates. As an application, we study differentiability properties of paraproducts in terms of fractional powers of the operator L. The results of this paper are fundamental for the proof of a T (1)-Theorem for operators beyond Calderón-Zygmund theory, which will be the subject of a forthcoming paper. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 42B20, 42B30


We present a novel and facile approach for preparing monodispersed liposomes simply by permeating lipid–alcohol solutions through Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membranes. This method uses the phenomenon of mixing of two miscible liquids at their interface formed near an SPG membrane surface, which induces spontaneous formation of liposomes. The effects of lipid concentration, pore size of the SPG membrane, and the alcohol used for the lipid solution on the structures and properties of the liposomes are studied. The liposome size is around 120 nm, and the size distribution is narrow, regardless of the lipid concentration, pore size, and alcohol used. However, the alcohol used affects the property of liposomes: An increase in the liposome size is clearly observed in a freezing–thawing treatment when isopropyl alcohol is used as the alcohol, whereas the liposome size is unchanged by the freezing–thawing treatment when ethanol is used.


Summary: Purpose: To determine the reason that one‐quarter to one‐third of epileptic women experienced an increased number of seizures during pregnancy. The cause of this increase is not always clearly understood and the principle emphasis of the literature is on the pregnancy‐associated changes of anticonvulsant pharmacokinetics.


Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, associated with chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. The cause of PCOS is multi-factorial and the mechanism is still unclear. A number of complications are closely related with PCOS such as infertility, hairy and obesity. Approximately up to one-third of females with PCOs have issues with infertility. Obesity is an independent factor which exacerbates infertility in PCOS, reduces the efficacy of infertility treatment and provokes a greater risk of miscarriage. Preconception counseling and guidelines play an initial major role in infertility treatment. The option of the most appropriate treatment depends upon various factors such as age, tubal patency, quality of sperm, experience, and duration of previous treatments and the level of anxiety of the couple. Tubal patency test and semen analysis are mandatory to decide the suitable treatment. Treatment modalities have two measures—non-pharmacological and the pharmacological. Oral clomiphene citrate remains the first line treatment to trigger ovulation. Gonadotrophin and laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) surgery are the other treatment option. In vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer are the third line treatment and IVF remains the first option in the patient with diagnosed and established bilateral tubal occlusion and/or concentration of recovered motile sperm less than or equal to 5 million. Here, etiology, pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of PCOS are reviewed, and perspectives are given for further research. The recent development, treatment, and diagnosis of PCOS are also highlighted. The summary will be of guiding significance in the prevention and treatment of PCOS.


.............................................. vii SECTION PAGE INTRODUCTION......................................... 1 I. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE....................... 3 The Avian Major Histocompatibility Complex 3 Genetically-Engineered Coccidia Vaccines....... 6 Literature Cited................................ 15 II. CHAPTER ONE....................................... 2 3 Characterization of Resistance and Immunity to Eimeria tenella Among Major Histocompatibility Complex B-F/B-G Recombinant Hosts III. CHAPTER TWO....................................... 4 0 Immunogenicity of Recombinant Eimeria tenella Sporozoite Protein in 6-̂ .B Congenic Chickens IV. CHAPTER THREE................................... 64 Major Histocompatibility Complex Control of Immunity Elicited By Genetically-Engineered Eimeria tenella (Apicomplexa) Antigen in Chickens V. CHAPTER FOUR.................................... 9 5 Comparative Analysis of Eimeria tenella Sporozoite and Merozoite Surface Antigens Labeled By Serum Antibodies Raised Against A Recombinant Coccidia Protein VI. APPENDIX........................................ 107


What is translating?Is it science or art ?This has long been one of the focal controversies among translatologists.Dr.Eugene A.Nida attempted to establish a science of translating by applying linguistic theories and approaches to translating problems in the 1960s,but failed.In the 1990s he claimed conversely that translating was not science,but skills.His shift prompts the author of this essay to draw the couclusion that,in the process of translating ,the pursuit of faithfulness to the original reveals the scientific approach of translators ,but to attain faithfulness, artistic creation plays an immeasurable role in good translations.


The interest of version management is increasing in electronic commerce requiring data mining and documents processing system related to digital governmentapplications. In this paper, we define a change set that is to manage historicalinformation and to maintain XML documents during a long period of time and propose several storage policies of XML documents using a change set. A change set includes a change oper-ation set and temporal dimensions and a change operation set is composed with schema change operations and data change operations. We pro-pose three storage policies using a change set. Three storage policies are (1) storing all the change sets, (2) storing the change sets and the versions periodically. (3) storing the aggregation of change sets and the versions at a point of proper time. Also, we compare the performance between the existing storage policy and the proposed storage policies. Though the performance evaluation, we show that the method to store the aggregation of change sets and the versions at a point of proper time outperforms others.


Four non-communicable diseases (NCDs): cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory conditions, are responsible for 63% of deaths worldwide. Most of these deaths (86%) occur in low and middle-income countries, where the highest proportion of adolescents live. Four shared behavioural risk factors for NCDs (tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and harmful use of alcohol) are usually acquired during adolescence and persist throughout life. For example, globally 100,000 young people start smoking each day and over 90% of adults who smoke started during childhood or adolescence. This chapter will explore each of these risk factors, the impact on adolescent health and what steps are being taken to address these problems, as well as the contribution of chronic disease to the NCDs.


Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is diagnosed when the circulating HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) is serologically detected. Occult HBV infection is defined as the infection state negative for HBsAg serology, but it has shown viral genome persistence in infected individuals. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of occult HBV among patients with chronic hepatitis negative to HBsAg in the presence or absence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Patients and methods This study was conducted on a total number of 55 patients with chronic hepatitis (liver cirrhosis in 44 cases, nonalcoholic fatty liver in six cases) and hepatocellular carcinoma in five cases. All studied cases were subjected to routine liver function tests, HBsAg, HBsAb, hepatitis c virus immunoglobulin G (HbcIgG), α-fetoprotein, HCV RNA, and HBV DNA detection. Result All cases were negative to HBsAg and HBsAb in the presence or absence of HCV infection. HBV DNA detection by real-time RT-PCR confirmed the positivity of HBV infection [occult hepatitis b infection (OBI)] in two (4.5%) out of 44 cases of cirrhotic liver and represented 3.6% of the total cases studied with a viral DNA of 116 and 159 copies/ml, respectively. One case of OBI had a high level of α-fetoprotein (392 Iu/ml) and the second case had high copies of HCV RNA 127 000 copies/ml, that is coinfection. HbcIgG was positive in 31.8% in cirrhotic patients (including one out of the two positive OBI). HCV RNA was negative in 100.0% of nonalcoholic fatty liver, positive in 39 (one was positive OBI) cases with cirrhosis with a median value of 45 000 copies and in four out of the five hepatocellular carcinoma cases with a median value of 1.85E+08. This is statistically significant (P=0.01). We come to the conclusion that occult HBV do exist in our community. The diagnosis of OBI should be based on high sensitivity of HBsAg and HBV DNA testing.


I was disgusted but not surprised to read that Margaret Haywood had been struck off the register. She is an honourable woman and a dedicated nurse who should be put in charge of a ward or department, not discarded by her profession.


The underground space of densely populated cities contains parts of buildings, utility installations, deep foundations and tunnels. It is possible that new tunnels will be built within close proximity of existing pile foundations. Therefore pile tunnel interaction (PTI) must be assessed so that it is possible to ensure safety for both the tunnel construction and the pile-supported structures. This paper presents a simple model to evaluate the pile settlements and increment of axial force due to tunnel excavation. The displacement field around the tunnel can be used to estimate the pile displacement and the differential displacements around the pile-soil interface. Based on an example plane strain calculation of an unlined tunnel, different possible pile locations were evaluated. The results were compared to six studies from the literature and considerable agreement was obtained for the trends of ratios of pile to surface settlement and increment of axial stress on the pile.


Chinese ancient literary style,which is closely related to customs,displays a collective cultural consciousness other than an individual artistic imagination and creation.It interprets the meaning of etiquette and adorns it.The customs style was active in historical context.Case study may be the breakthrough in literary style research which need diversified explanation.


Abstract The monthly mean surface wind changes during recent ENSO events, as observed from 11 islands in the tropical Pacific, are described. Two different composite ENSO wind fields are evaluated and compared. The month-to-month wind changes during each event are also discussed. The wind changes for each event between 1953 and 1980 except 1969 show several common features: (i) Westerly anomalies appear first west of the date line and then at the date line sometime in summer (0) to fall (0), then intensify over the following several months. The anomalies are confined to within ±3° of the equator during this stage. (ii) In either November (0), December (0), or January (+1) there is an abrupt southward shift of the narrow band of westerly anomalies, so that the maximum anomaly is then at ∼5°S latitude at the date line, and nearly normal conditions prevail north of the equator. (iii) Westerly anomalies are gone or greatly reduced one to two months after the southward shift. The event-to-event variations are ...


The CIBEX heat exchanger consists of a gas cooling section (gas generator) and an air heating section (air preheater) coupled with a stream of solid particles. The stream of particles falls through a hot gas stream, picking up heat and cooling the gas, then through the airstream, heating the latter. The cooled particles are then returned to the top of the device and the heating/cooling cycle repeated. The paper describes the two-phase equations of motion for the flow of the spherical particles through the fluid. The solid phase is treated as a pseudo-gas by using concentrations instead of density. The equations are then non-dimensionalized and solved by numerical integration. The solution gives temperature and velocity profiles for the two phases for parametric variations in the solid loading and the fluid flux rate. The solution is applied for the design of a heat exchanger for a hypothetical 2500 tons/day coal gasification plant. The dimensions of the CIBEX heat exchanger are much smaller than those of a comparable conventional heat exchanger.


This volume, part of an encyclopaedic series covering the history of American business, is specifically concerned with the development of iron and steel in the 20th century, starting from World War I and going on to the modern uses of alloys and stainless steels.


Gore‐Tex® is a widely used durable patch for repair of congenital diaphragmatic defects yet may result in complications. We compared Gore‐Tex with a composite of a radial pore‐orientated collagen scaffold (RP‐Composite) and clinically used porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS; Surgisis®) in a rabbit model for diaphragmatic hernia. The growing rabbit mimics the rapid rib cage growth and reherniation rates seen in children. We created and immediately repaired left hemidiaphragmatic defects in 6‐week‐old rabbits with Gore‐Tex, SIS, and an RP‐Composite scaffold. An additional group of rabbits had a sham operation. At 90 days, survivors more than doubled in weight. We observed few reherniations or eventrations in Gore‐Tex (17%) and RP‐Composite (22%) implanted animals. However, SIS failed in all rabbits. Maximum transdiaphragmatic pressure was lower in Gore‐Tex (71%) than RP‐Composite implanted animals (112%) or sham (134%). Gore‐Tex repairs were less compliant than RP‐Composite, which behaved as sham diaphragm (p < 0.01). RP‐Composite induced less foreign body giant cell reaction than Gore‐Tex (p < 0.05) with more collagen deposition (p < 0.001), although there was a tendency for the scaffold to calcify. Unlike Gore‐Tex, the compliance of diaphragms reconstructed with RP‐Composite scaffolds were comparable with native diaphragm, whereas reherniation rates and transdiaphragmatic pressure measurements were similar.


The system structure and the technology characteristics of LonWorks are introduced in this paper. The idea which LonWorks technology is used to realize the communication in the distribution automation control technology is discussed, and the software design of the Field (or Feeder) Terminal Unit is also presented. When there is too much information in the net node, the fault rate of the net communication and the response velocity of emergences can preferably be improved by using the communication measures of opposite priority and polling.


This paper concerns real-time Demand Responsive Transport. From the user's point of view, it implies booking, optimising both schedules and routes in real time. Nevertheless, this optimisation isn't free of constraints, as we must take into account the possible booking of other users, as well as the main characteristics of the vehicle fleet (number and type of vehicles). The main point of our research is to propose a model based on anticipation to approach the potential number of users in each station to be served. This potential is based on the past registered reservations. To calibrate the model parameters, we propose to use genetic algorithms, potentially very efficient with this kind problem. In the meantime, each model built by the generator is evaluated and when the process stops, the system keeps the best solution among the whole set.


This study explores the speech act of congratulation in university graduation notebooks, a new communicative context in Jordan. Using the concept of the pragmeme as a situated speech act, a total of 1064 congratulatory messages, found in 35 notebooks, were analyzed. The analysis demonstrated that the cultural concept of baraka 'blessing' plays a central role in the Arabic congratulation speech act. Embedded in its production are other speech acts such as compliments and advice, sociocultural beliefs and concepts such as fatalism and collectivism, and sociocultural practices such as naqout 'money given as a gift'. Invoking these values and beliefs when performing congratulations was accomplished through ritualistic religious invocations, formulaic expressions, reference to collective identity, and acts of material support, showing how this Arabic speech act is situated in sociocultural beliefs and values.


In this paper we classify up to affine equivalence all local tube realizations of real hyperquadrics in C^n. We show that this problem can be reduced to the classification, up to isomorphism, of commutative nilpotent real and complex algebras. We also develop some structure theory for commutative nilpotent algebras over arbitrary fields of characteristic zero.


A 53‐year‐old woman with coma was diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage and ruptured aneurysm at the right internal carotid–posterior communicating artery.


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background While an association between exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) and risk of lung cancer has been reported in several studies, its interaction with tobacco smoking in determining lung cancer risk is not well characterized. This study aims at performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of results of epidemiology studies on this. Methods Studies included in the systematic review were identified from PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, without limitation of year of publication or language. Two reviewers independently reviewed the studies and abstracted relevant data from selected studies, applied a customized quality assessment tool and calculated the relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the interaction between DE exposure and tobacco smoking on a multiplicative scale. Next, a random-effects meta-analysis of the interaction RR was conducted. Results Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis, of which two were cohort and five case-control studies. Results on the interaction were heterogeneous (I2 = 45.6%). The summary RR for interaction was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.42–1.46). There was no indication of publication bias. There was no increased risk of lung cancer among non-smoking workers exposed to DE. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggested a less-than-multiplicative effect between DE exposure and tobacco smoking in determining lung cancer risk, but the hypothesis of multiplicative interaction cannot be rejected. The small number of relevant studies and the high heterogeneity among them prevent from definite conclusions.


Semi-intrusive load monitoring (SILM) is an appliance load monitoring approach using multiple meters, each meter measuring power for a subgroup of appliances. As an effective solution for demand response programs, SILM is used to get granular power measurements at the level of individual appliances in buildings. Hall effect sensors (HES) on each wire attached to a circuit breaker in distribution panels are one means of providing SILM. However, HES are greatly affected by crosstalk noise generated by neighboring wires, up to 35% of interfering signals. To remove crosstalk noise, this work proposes a blind source separation (BSS) approach designed to deal with sparse matrices, making SILM measurements accurate for home energy management systems. Our approach leverages two key elements: (i) a BSS algorithm based on non-correlation for sparse mixing matrix; (ii) a sensor gain compensation that leverages smart meter readings. The results demonstrate that the total power estimation error is reduced from 15% to 2% on the Tracebase dataset, and from 55% to 9% on our HES dataset monitored in a family home. Furthermore, the proposed approach outperforms standard BSS algorithms such as FastICA and InfoMax. This work shows that HES can be used for load monitoring in smart buildings.


It is important for firms to undertake product innovation since this will enable them to incorporate additional value to its market offer and, consequently, will increase their international competitiveness. Thus, the aim of this article is to develop a new index, the Export Product Innovation Index (EPII), a metric that associates product innovation to export activity according to the value of new export products / goods traded abroad at a single company level. The proposed index is built on official export data and based on the Harmonized System Codes. Therefore, the EPII may be widely generalized and calculated for every export firm all over the world for which export shipping data is available, enabling benchmarks for companies, international comparative studies and policy making. This article uses data on Chilean fruit exporters to illustrate EPII calculation and use. Through the comparison of this new index with some previous ones measuring product innovation overall population of Chilean fruit exporters, it is demonstrated that the EPII provides more accurate information to appraise a firm´s export product innovation performance.


Huge volumes of data have been available to policymakers in the digital world. Big data is a term to collections that are not always huge, but also varied and fast changing, rendering standard tools and procedures inadequate. Due to the quick creation of such data, techniques to organize and retrieve value and knowledge from these sets must be explored and given. Additionally, choice should be able to obtain relevant information from that wide and continuously changing collection of data, which encompasses everything from ordinary activities to customer communication and social data. Analytics, and that is the deployment of advanced analytics methodologies to enormous volumes of data, may deliver such value. It article looks at some of the numerous analytics concepts and methods that may be utilized utilizing massive data, or the prospects that data analytics might provide in many decision domains.


ABSTRACT introduction: t he anaerobic threshold is commonly identified in cyclic exercises, however it can also be identified on resistance exercise (re) by different methods, and thus can estimate the workload related to metabolic stress. however, its identification by other methods such as mathematical model of dmax and primarily by more accessible variables such as perceived exertion (Pe) has not yet been analyzed. objective: to compare the lactate threshold (lt) identified by visual inspection method ( Vlti ) with dmax method applied in lactate responses ( dmltax ) and Pe (Pe 12/13 and Pe dmax ) during incremental resistance exercise. men practitioners of ethods: t re (24.8±3.0 years) underwent the test of one repetition maximum (1-rm) and an incremental load test in leg-press, obtaining the Pe and lactate in each stage. esults: r t was possible to identify the anaerobic threshold by all methods, between 30 and 40% of i1-rm. the absolute load, blood lactate concentrations, and Pe were not different between the methods used and showed good agreement with each other. c onclusion: i t is possible to identify the anaerobic threshold both by visual inspection and by the mathematical model of dmax for lactate and Pe, expanding the possibilities for determining the anaerobic threshold in resistance exercise by low cost and non-invasive methods.Keywords: anaerobic threshold; physical exertion; resistance training.


Provided is a secondary battery including a loop antenna patterned on a PCB, which causes little or no noise in FPDB or LCD signals of an instrument having the battery, allows downsizing or thinning of a battery, and is cost-efficient. The secondary battery includes a printed circuit board(100) electrically connected to a battery main body by being attached or mounted to the battery main body, and a loop antenna(120) patterned on the printed circuit board for the transmission/reception of radio frequency. The loop antenna is formed on the top surface or the bottom surface of the printed circuit board. In a variant, the loop antenna is formed while being spaced apart from the protection circuit on the printed circuit board, or on an insulation coating layer formed on the protection circuit.


Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex condition that affects millions of people worldwide. TBI has both immediate and long‐term pathological consequences, and individual cases are graded as minor, moderate, or severe based on the Glasgow Coma Scale. Among the numerous factors that influence prognosis, gender is perhaps the most notable because of hormonal factors. It has been shown that progesterone, a female steroid hormone with reproductive and neuroactive effects, has improved motor function and mortality rates in patients post‐severe TBI. In this study, we sought to investigate the sex differences in progression of spontaneous recurrent seizures and long‐term inflammation after TBI. We used a controlled cortical‐hippocampal impact (CCI) model of severe TBI in adult male and cycling female mice. They were monitored by 24/7 by video‐EEG recording g for 4 months through a recording electrode placed in the contralateral hippocampus. Behavioral and motor analyses were assessed over a 4‐month period and tests consisted of beam‐walk, neuroscore, rotarod, elevated plus maze, and novel object recognition. Brains were post‐fixed for immunohistochemistry and analyzed for astrogliosis (GFAP+) and microgliosis (IBA1+). Epileptic seizures were identified in both the male and female mice, though incidence and frequency were significantly lower in the female cohort with CCI. Reactive gliosis and astrocyte activated persisted through 4 months post‐TBI, indicating a chronic inflammatory response. Additionally, female mice displayed significantly improved functional and sensory‐motor performance compared to age‐matched males. Hormones impacts many aspects of TBI including clinical manifestations, recovery outcomes, and quality of life. Our results characterize striking sex differences in TBI‐induced epileptogenesis and its associated comorbidities which has implications to develop sex‐specific treatments and improve prognosis.


This study was carried out to examine parental perception towards the use of family planning devices by teenagers in Abeokuta. Sample was collected using random sampling technique. Instrument used in collecting data was a well structured questionnaire administered to 100 parents. Descriptive statistical tools such as percentage table, frequency counts and bar charts were used to collate and analyse the data collected. Findings revealed that 53% of the respondents were against the perception that there is nothing wrong in teenagers adopting family planning devices, 73% are of the opinion that family planning is not the only approach to reduction of teenage pregnancy and 92% belief that parents should provide adequate sex education for their teenagers. The study recommends that adequate sex education be given to teenagers by parents, parents should not just ignore their teenagers when they want their attention on any issue whatsoever and more parents should be enlightened on the importance of sex education for their children.


1. The free base (R) -3- [1- (2,6-dichloro-3-fluoro-phenyl) -ethoxy] -5- (1-piperidin-4-yl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) - pyridin-2-ylamine as a crystalline form. ! 2. The free base of claim 1, wherein the crystalline form is a polymorph form 1 of the free base. ! 3. The free base of claim 1 or 2, wherein the crystalline form has an X-ray powder having a peak at a diffraction angle (2θ) 19,7 ± 0,1. ! 4. The free base of claim 1 or 2, wherein the crystalline form has an X-ray powder comprising the peaks at diffraction angles (2θ) 17,3 ± 0,1 and 19.7 ± 0.1. ! 5. The free base of claim 1 or 2, wherein the crystalline form has an X-ray powder comprising the peaks at diffraction angles (2θ) 15.7 ± 0.1, and 17.3 ± 0.1 19,7 ± 0.1. ! 6. The free base of claim 1 or 2, wherein the crystalline form has an X-ray powder comprising the peaks at diffraction angles (2θ) 15.7 ± 0.1, 17.3 ± 0.1, 19.7 ± 0.1 and 26.8 ± 0.1. ! 7. The free base of claim 1 or 2, wherein the crystalline form has an X-ray powder comprising the peaks at diffraction angles (2θ) essentially such as shown in Figure 1. ! 8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the free base according to any of claims 1-7. ! 9. A capsule comprising a pharmaceutical composition according to claim 8. ! 10. Capsule according to claim 9, comprising from 0.1 to 200 mg of polymorph form 1 of (R) -3- [1- (2,6-dichloro-3-fluoro-phenyl) -ethoxy] -5- (1- piperidin-4-yl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -pyridin-2-ylamine. ! 11. The capsule of claim 9 comprising from 25 to 150 mg of polymorph form 1 of (R) -3- [1- (2,6-dichloro-3-fluoro-phenyl) -ethoxy] -5- (1-piperidin- 4-yl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) -pyridin-2-ylamine. ! 12. The capsule of claim 9 comprising from 50 to 100 mg of polymorph form 1 (R


Relative judicial interpretations decriminalize the minor who offended slight crime.But the interpretations regulate different standards,and haven't given out the punishment and educational measures.This is not good for the judicatory practice and the correction of the minor.The article puts forward suggestions to perfect the legal system.


Abstract GSA COVID-19 Task Force members worked with organizational leaders and special interest groups to ascertain areas where further research about COVID-19 and older adults would be helpful. The responses were compiled into a single document to create a research agenda. Processes to share the agenda with federal agencies and partners will be shared.


(2003). William Hogarth and Eighteenth Century English Law Relating to Capital Punishment. Law & Literature: Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 267-278.


IN September 2005 the Court of First Instance ("CFI") delivered its (in)famous judgments in Cases T-30601 (Yusuf and Al Barakaat) and T-315/01 (Kadi) (Garde [2006] C.L.J. 281). Three years later, the European Court of Justice ("the ECJ") handed down its judgment on the appeal: Joined Cases C-402/05 P and C-415/05 P, Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation v. Council (not yet reported). The cases arose from United Nations Security Council ("UNSC") Resolution 1390 (2002), which set up a system at the UNSC level listing suspected members of Al Qaeda and the Taliban. Once a name is listed, various restrictions are to be imposed upon that person or organisation, including the freezing of their assets. This measure was implemented within the European Community ("EC") by Regulation 881/2002/EC, which contained an Annex covering the names on the UN list. The names of Kadi and Al Barakaat were both included on that list and they sought the annulment of the Regulation. The CFI rejected both applications, but the ECJ overturned those judgments on appeal. First, the ECJ held that the EC was competent to implement the UNSC Resolution by means of an EC regulation. The Advocate General Poaires Maduro had relied exclusively upon Articles 301 and 60 EC.With regard to the implementation of the Common Foreign and Security Policy ("CFSP"), Article 301 authorises measures "to interrupt or reduce ... economic relations with one or more third countries", while Article 60 concerns "measures ... as regards the third countries concerned". The Advocate General argued that these Articles formed an appropriate legal basis because sanctions against persons in third countries would inevitably affect economic relations with those countries, and a narrow reading of Article 301 would be unduly Cambridge Law Journal, 68(1), March 2009, pp. 1–45 Printed in Great Britain


It is with great pleasure that we announce the upcoming World Endoscopy Organization (WEO) Colorectal Cancer Screening Meeting taking place in Washington DC, USA, 15 May 2015, preceding Digestive Disease Week (DDW). The program is currently being developed and all enthusiasts in the field are welcome to suggest topics and speakers. As in past meetings, Expert Working Group (EWG) meetings will be held in the morning and the main meeting will start at 1.00 p.m.To receive more information, suggest topics, or to register for this esteemed gathering, please contact the WEO Secretariat by email at: email@example.com


The leisure agriculture not only has characteristics of tourism industry, but also it is not separated from the agricultural production, it becomes a kind of new form of agricultural production, getting the wide attention of scholars both at home and abroad. This paper starting from the concept and the function of leisure agriculture, through the analysis of the leisure agriculture mode of Germany and the current situation of Chinese leisure agriculture, uses the experience of German leisure agriculture development and actively explores new train of thought on the leisure agriculture development in China. KEYWORD: Germany; Leisure agriculture; enlightenment


In this paper, Some important theorems on fuzzy type I-continuous and II-continuous of complex fuzzy functions mapping generalized rectangular valued bounded closed complex complement normalized fuzzy numbers into itself are proved. Keywords: Fuzzy Complex Numbers, Fuzzy Complex Functions, Fuzzy Continuity.


For more than 40 years, polar-orbiting satellites have been providing data for global environmental monitoring, benefit-ting both civilian and military communities through timely weather forecasting and improved situational awareness. Satellite data also have supported aviation and search-and-rescue missions and have advanced the understanding and prediction of changes in the Earth's environment. Two independent U.S. polar satellite systems that have historically provided these data are the Polar-Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES), operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), operated by the Department of Defense. The next generation of satellites, previously known as the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) and now reorganized as JPSS, will extend the system's capabilities in several mission areas [1]. Updated existing systems will be combined with five new instruments illustrated in Figure 1: a hyperspectral cross-track infrared sounder (CrIS), an advanced technology microwave sounder (ATMS), a microwave imager/sounder (MIS), an ozone mapping and profiling suite (OMPS), as well as a visible/infrared imager/radiometer suite (VIIRS). These instruments will yield information about soil moisture, sea surface temperature , ozone depletion, and ocean color, among other mission products. In addition, higher spatial resolution measurements of atmospheric temperature, water vapor, and pressure will be possible using smaller, lighter, less power-demanding sensors. Prior to launch of the first JPSS satellite, which is scheduled for 2014, careful testing and calibration of MIT Lincoln Laboratory has an extensive history helping develop hardware and communications systems for previous environmental monitoring satellites and is assisting, to varying degrees, with the design and development of all major sensors for the next-generation Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS). Recently, Lincoln Laboratory has leveraged this experience to develop a Data Analysis and Decision Support cluster that allows scientists to extract, process, and plot statistics expeditiously for tens of gigabytes of sensor data contained across hundreds of data files. These " quick looks, " or rapid assessments of the health and sufficiency of test data, have been implemented for the thermal-vacuum test phase of one JPSS sensor, the visible/infrared imager/radiometer suite (VIIRS), which will provide important environmental data, including most of the atmospheric cloud and surface information needed by weather forecasters.


Edgar Rice Burroughs' Tarzan of the Apes (1912) represents the struggle experienced by many within the imperial scheme or rather the scenario of the establishment of the 'civilized' world: the dilemma of reconciling with two distinct identities while trying to assimilate within the 'Other' community, or conforming to the 'Other' mirror. Through Tarzan's adventurous uprising from savagery to nobility, an allegorical representation of the journey of Man from the darkness of savagery to the light of knowledge, the narrative unfolds various binary discourses one of which is that of Us versus Them. In the light of Lacan's theory of the 'mirror stage' and its role in the formation of the subject's identity, the present paper attempts a reading of the novel in terms of this binary confrontation, which makes the novel an emblematic of western literature that aims to mirror the western imperial legacy. By doing so, the study aims at focusing on the role of imperial narratives in reflecting the colonial ideology. The study also highlights Tarzan's quest for identity which represents the need of many who have long suffered under reconciling their hybrid identities resulting from the colonial experience. This is done through investigating the different visual, textual and cultural mirrors he encounters in his process of evolution.


Aalto University operates on three campuses in two cities, Helsinki and Espoo (Finland) and consists of six schools: School of Chemical Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, School of Science, The School of Business, and School of Arts, Design and Architecture. The University will centralize its operations gradually to one campus area meaning that also the three campus libraries will move to same area and form a joint Learning Center.

The Otaniemi campus library (= former Library of the University of Technology, library building designed by Alvar Aalto.) will be fully renovated to cater for the demands of a modern learning center. The versatile library services will get further support from new services and spaces that will support different ways of studying and working. After the renovation, the library will offer a modern and dynamic space, supporting the Aalto University spirit of multidisciplinary learning, research and working methods.

Planning of the Learning Center and center´s services has been based on service design methods. In my paper I will present the service design process and the results of the process. The other half of the paper covers co-design methods used when building up the Learning Hub network. The Learning Hub network serves as a series of prototypes of Aalto University Learning Center.


This study was conducted on 16 senior citizens who visits the dementia patient support center in K-gu, Seoul City. Through simple examination, the group was divided into ordinary group and dementia-high-risk group. Each group was consist of 4 male and 4 female. The results and analysis of tests on gait ability and balance ability are following. 1. High-risk group showed superior balance ability over ordinary group (p<.01). 2. In regards of gait ability, high-risk group's step cycle and gait index was meaningfully lower than ordinary group (p<.05). No significant difference was shown in gait velocity, way of walking and error rate. These results can be summarized as that toppling is a related signal to dementia. It can be concluded that development of gait training and regular physical movement are needed to prevent dementia.


Recently, two genome-wide association studies identified more than 10 novel susceptibility loci for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (1, 2). Although some of these loci are located in or near genes with known functions (including mucin production, cell adhesion, and telomere biology), in many instances, the mechanisms through which these genetic variants confer IPF risk are not clear. We suspect that these IPF risk variants have pleiotropic effects and play roles in other diseases. Therefore, we postulate that understanding the spectrum of disease associated with these variants would lead to insights into mechanisms through which individual genes contribute to IPF risk. To investigate IPF-associated genetic variants, we performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) (3, 4) of 15 previously reported single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified by genome-wide association studies. PheWAS employs a genotype-to-phenotype association approach by linking subject-level deidentified genotyping information with electronic medical record–derived clinical phenotypes. In simple terms, PheWAS can be thought of as a "genome-wide association study in reverse." The electronic medical record phenotypes are derived from clusters of common International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes collected from Vanderbilt's de-identified electronic medical record and linked DNA repository, called BioVU. Among these 15 IPF-SNPs, rs6793295 (near telomerase RNA component, TERC) had genotyping information available on 36,400 subjects (genotyped on the Illumina HumanExome BeadChip array). Based on the platforms used for genotyping in BioVU, genotype information was available on fewer than 5,500 subjects for each of the other 14 SNPs, rendering them insufficiently powered for further analysis (4). For rs6793295, we performed a race-stratified (European ancestry) PheWAS, using previously validated methodology. Some of the results of this study have been previously reported in abstract form (5). The previously reported association with IPF was confirmed (odds ratio [OR], 1.48; P = 2.43 10) (Figure 1). Nine clinical phenotypes were associated with rs6793295 (Table 1) at P, 0.0025, including four respiratory phenotypes. Surprisingly, a highly significant association of rs6793295 with asthma was identified (OR, 1.21; P = 6.93 10) (Figure 1). There were 1,739 asthma cases (mean age, 50.3 years, 63.1% female, and 20.9% children) and 23,889 controls (mean age, 54.2 years, 53.4% female, and 12.9% children). In addition, there was a strong association of rs6793295 with allergic rhinitis (OR, 1.11; P = 7.93 10) (Figure 1) that approached Bonferroni significance. This PheWAS provides proof of concept demonstrating the potential value of this technique in elucidating the mechanisms that underlie genetic risk for chronic lung disease. In addition to independently validating the previously reported association of a common genetic variant near TERC with IPF, we identified a previously unreported association with asthma and allergic rhinitis. These data indicate a potential genetic link between telomere biology and allergic airway disease. Although prior studies have discovered numerous asthma-related genetic variants (6, 7), none has previously linked telomere-related genes to asthma, potentially because of insufficient power to detect variants with modest effect sizes. Alternatively, patients with asthma in our study population may represent a distinct (older and perhaps more severe) asthma phenotype that differs from those previously studied. Because our study population comprised subjects who had blood drawn for clinical laboratory testing, a substantial proportion of subjects in our analysis were hospitalized or seen in the emergency department. These cases may have poorer disease control, more frequent exacerbations, or more severe disease than the general population of patients with asthma. The association of this SNP with allergic rhinitis association further reinforces a link of rs6793295 with allergic disease. Asthma has been linked to PBMC telomere length by several recent studies (8, 9), but the mechanisms through which asthma and telomere length are related remains unclear. Shortened telomere lengths were proposed to result from accelerated aging in the setting of increased oxidative stress resulting from the chronic inflammation in asthma. Our findings suggest that genetic factors may also underlie the association between telomere shortening in asthma. Although our approach and study population offer unique advantages, this approach also has several limitations. Our analysis was limited to a single IPF-related SNP because of insufficient power on other genotyping platforms, and for low-frequency phenotypes, there was marginal power for this single SNP. A more comprehensive PheWAS of IPF-associated genetic variants would likely offer additional insights into the mechanisms of genetic risk for IPF, and we anticipate this will be possible in the future with additional genotyping of BioVU samples. In light of correlation of some phenotypes and limited power for many phenotypes, Bonferroni correction may be overly conservative. In addition, PheWAS phenotypes are derived from International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision billing codes and are therefore dependent on the intrinsic variations within coding schema, variation in application of the codes by physicians, and sensitivity of each individual code. In summary, we identified a novel association between asthma and a genetic variant near TERC, a telomere gene locus previously linked with IPF. Our findings suggest future research should target the role of telomere pathology in asthma, with consideration given to linking underlying pathophysiologic This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants HL094296 (J.A.K.), HL92870 (T.S.B.), HL085317 (T.S.B.), LM010685 (J.C.D.), K24 AI077930 (T.V.H.), U19 AI095227 (T.V.H.); the Department of Veterans Affairs (T.S.B.); the Francis Family Foundation (J.A.K.); and the American Thoracic Society Foundation/Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Career Award in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (J.A.K.). The dataset used for the analyses described was obtained from Vanderbilt University Medical Center's Synthetic Derivative, which is supported by institutional funding and by the Vanderbilt CTSA grant ULTR000445 from National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health.


Objective: Ca Cervix in 2nd most common malignancy in India and worldwide. NACT is not standard treatment  in Advanced  Ca Cervix. In this study we try to see the response rate of P+C NACT  and to see if patients are able to complete definitive RT in advanced CA Cervix pt. Stage IVA and IV B post NACT. Methods: Am bidirectional study to see the demographic profile  and treatment response when patients receive P+C NACT. We reviewed the demographic data and treatment details of patients who has received NACT for advanced Ca Cervix from our prospectively maintained database from 2019 till 2022.
Results: Out of 386 number of registered pt. Of ca cervix , 156 number of patients were  of advanced ca cervix malignancy registered in this time period  17number of pt. Received NACT with P+C , median  age of these patients was 52.2( 39-71yrs ) 16% of patients who were planned for NACT received 3.number of cycles. Overall, the treatment of PC  was well tolerated. The overall response rate was 75%.(2 complete response, 10 partial response). Although grade 3-4 hematologic toxicities were observed in 4 out of 16 patients (25%), 3 patients experienced grade 3-4 non-hematologic toxicities,2 neurotoxity ,1 nephrotoxicity. Out of 14 ,who completed NACT and underwent definitive CRT , 8 (57.14 %) achieved complete response
Conclusion: PC is having response and efficacy   and well tolerated in patients FIGO stage IVa &  IVb cervical cancer. This combination can  be considered as an initial treatment regimen in locally advanced  cervical cancer  patient population.
Key Words: Cervical cancer, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), Paclitaxel (P) and cisplatin (C)