This research is to reveal the effectiveness of the implementation of learning physics using cooperative learning methods giving the question and getting the answer the subject of optical devices on a eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 10 Banda Aceh, an increase or change in learning physics, physics learning outcomes and student response. The subjects were students of class VIII-A of SMP Negeri 10 Banda Aceh was 22 people in the second semester of 2013/2014 study year. Object of this research is the application of cooperative learning method, giving the question and getting the answer. This study is a collaborative action research conducted in 3 cycles. Each cycle consists of phases of planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and reflection. Data collection instruments used in this study include: test and non-test forms. Results obtained as follows: (1) the implementation of learning physics in Class VIII-A subject of optical devices by implementing cooperative learning methods giving the question and getting the answer is more effective in terms of time as well as the achievement of student learning outcomes, and favored students, (2) improvement or changes that occur during the learning process associated with learning how to better direction after the applied method of giving the question and getting the answer. (3) the response of students towards learning physics is taught by implementing cooperative learning methods giving the question and getting very positive show


In this study, we construct the spaces of $ q $-difference sequences of order $ m $. We obtain some inclusion relations, topological properties, Schauder basis and alpha, beta and gamma duals of the newly defined spaces. We characterize certain matrix classes from the newly defined spaces to any one of the spaces $ c_0, c, \ell_\infty $ and $ \ell_p $.


In this thesis the modeling, optimization and realization of an inertial electrostatic confinement nuclear fusion device (IEC), the TU/e fusor, is discussed. The aim of this thesis is to construct an IEC with maximum fusion performance by building up an IEC model on the basis of which the optimal design parameters can be determined, i.e. the parameter that result in the highest neutron production rate. First the essential ingredients of the IEC model were determined based on a theoretical study. It was determined that the dominant fusion reactions are between neutral background particles and either beam ions or fast neutrals resulting from charge exchange. Two other essential ingredients for the IEC model were determined: It was found that the ion losses are not determined by cathode grid collisions, but by charge exchange losses and it was found that the ions should be described by an energy distribution function. Based on the above mentioned ingredients the neutron production rate model was constructed. Validation of the model was performed by comparison with IEC neutron production rate measurements found in literature. The comparison showed that good agreement in scaling with cathode potential, pressure and cathode radius can be obtained with the correct energy distribution parameterization, but that the absolute neutron production rates predicted are a factor of about forty too low in most cases. The cause of the disagreement is the overestimation of the charge exchange ion losses. However, the agreement in scaling is sufficient for the goal of this thesis, as the scaling determines the optimum. The TU/e fusor parameters were determined by following the scalings that resulted from the model, while taking the technical and economical constraints into account. The result is an IEC with a maximum voltage and current of respectively 120 kV and 100 mA, a cathode and anode radius of respectively 0.05 and 0.25 m, a cathode transparency of 0.93 and a minimum operating pressure of at least 0.1 Pa. The performance of the TU/e fusor was tested by measuring the neutron production rate at high power operation in star mode. A maximum neutron production rate of (8.5 ± 1.7) × 105 s−1 was achieved at a cathode potential of 48 kV, a current of 40 mA and a pressure of 0.23 Pa. Although the maximum input power was not used yet, comparison of this TU/e fusor record with worldwide IEC efforts shows that it already has similar performance. Finally, the neutron production rate was measured as a function of the current and the cathode potential to check the model predictions. The comparison shows that the scaling with current and cathode potential are in agreement, but that the model is more than an order of magnitude too low in absolute value, similar to the deviations found during the model validation. Now that the TU/e fusor has produced its first fusion neutrons, the experimental optimization can be started in order to further increase the fusion performance.


OBJECTIVE
This study investigated responsibilities, skill sets, degrees, and certifications required of health care navigators in order to identify areas of potential overlap with health sciences librarianship.

METHOD
The authors conducted a content analysis of health care navigator position announcements and developed and assigned forty-eight category terms to represent the sample's responsibilities and skill sets.

RESULTS
Coordination of patient care and a bachelor's degree were the most common responsibility and degree requirements, respectively. Results also suggest that managing and providing health information resources is an area of overlap between health care navigators and health sciences librarians, and that librarians are well suited to serve on navigation teams.

CONCLUSION
Such overlap may provide an avenue for collaboration between navigators and health sciences librarians.


The aim of this research is to provide a first-effort System Dynamics (SD) model that effectively captures the operations and market dynamics across the entire 'green' paracetamol supply chain (SC) defined by terpenoid feedstocks. To that end, we first describe the particular 'green' analgesic SC system arising from renewable chemical feedstock platform technologies, as envisioned to be established in England. Following, the associated SD model is developed by capturing all related operations, namely: (i) turpentine supply, (ii) primary – active pharmaceutical ingredient – manufacturing, (iii) secondary – pharmacy dosage form – manufacturing, (iv) packaging, and (v) retailing where demand is defined based on both the patients' actual needs and the environmental awareness of a potential 'green' analgesic market. The obtained SD simulation results reveal the need to promote 'green' pharmacies to support circular SCs of the future and to elaborate green marketing practises to increase the associated stakeholders' profitability in environmentally sensitive markets.


Abstract Identifying cultivars resistant to iron (Fe) deficiency chlorosis so prevalent in calcareous soils is a more economical solution than fertilizer application in field crops. The current method of screening for resistance using chlorosis ratings in field trials is time consuming and highly variable. Root Fe reduction successfully separated cultivars or rootstocks, varying widely in resistance, of soybean (Glycine max L.), peach (Prunus persica L.), and grape (Vitis spp.), but was unsuccessful in sub‐clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) exhibits Fe deficiency chlorosis in calcareous soils and initiates Fe reduction by the roots in response to such stress. The resistance of 24 dry bean cultivars to Fe deficiency chlorosis was assessed by measuring and summing daily Fe reduction by the roots. The cultivars were grown both hydroponically in an environmental chamber in low Fe solutions (0.05 mg‐L‐1) and at three field sites in both 1995 and 1996. A significant relationshi...


Construction risks are apportioned by contract conditions that are eventually interpreted by 'self-interested economic agents' of the contracting parties. This may lead to prolonged claims and costly disputes. Moreover not all the risks are foreseeable at the planning stage, some foreseeable risks may change as a project progresses and some others may need joint efforts of the contracting parties for their effective management. Contract conditions alone are thus not sufficient to allocate risks properly. Unforeseen risks need to be managed with a Joint Risk Management (JRM) strategy that will work dynamically through coordinated efforts, provision for which should be made in the contract conditions. Attitudes of the contracting parties and cooperative relationships among the project participants are therefore important for successful project delivery. These are examined in the light of Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) and Relational Contracting (RC) principles. It is found that RC should reduce transaction costs, while also fostering cooperative relationships and better teamwork that in turn facilitate JRM. The usefulness of the latter is reinforced by relevant observations from a Hong Kong-based survey, and a pilot study on a follow-on (second) survey.


2.1He present study He had as purpose decide the prevalence from preeclampsia in women You pregnant catered in he Hospital Basic of the Canton Yantzaza,in he period 2014 to October of the 2015. The present investigation is from kind. Cross, Retrospective, Bibliographic, descriptive, and from Countryside. As technique was used the observation his instrument the guide from observation and through the review from stories clinics from the women pregnant with preeclampsia is won the following results what the prevalence from was of the 2,17%, the preeclampsia mild with he 85%, in relationship to the characteristics sociodemographic, is highlights he state civil married with he 35%, and single with he 35%, he level primary from education with he 60%, from origin town with he 60%, occupation tasks household 100%, the factors from risk what presented the pregnant They were from kind maternal Preconception in the what they excelled in the age from 15 to 20 years with he 25 % , and in contraposition to the age higher from 41years with he 5%, ethnicity mestiza with he 90%, he background personal from preeclampsia in pregnancies he 20 % , and presence from diseases chronicles the diabetes gestational with he 10% the IVU with he 10%, the obesity he 5%, attend to the controls doctors inadequate he 25 %, multiparous with a 70% , primigestas with he 30 % , is he concluded what the prevalence from preeclampsia in the women pregnant was of the 2,17 % Y what the factors from risk main They were: the multiparity with he 70 % , and the hypertension chronicle with he 75 %.


Larvae of Aedes taeninrhynchus (Wiedemann) were reared in media with salinities from that of distilled water up to and including 300% of that of sea water to investigate certain aspects of their potential physiological range. Regulation of hcmolymph osmotic pressure and chloride ions was also studied.


The dynamics of modulated waves in a nonlinear bi-inductance transmission line with dissipative elements are examined. We show the existence of two frequency modes and carry out intensive investigations on the low frequency mode. Thanks to the multiple scales method, the behavior of these waves is investigated and the dissipative effects are analyzed. It appears that the dissipation coefficient increases with the carrier wave frequency. In the continuous approximation, we derive that the propagation of these waves is governed by the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation instead of the Korteweg–de-Vries equation as previously established. Asymptotic studies of the dynamics of plane waves in the line reveal the existence of three additional regions in the dispersion curve where the modulational phenomenon is observed. In the low frequency mode, we demonstrate that the network allows the propagation of dark and bright solitons. Numerical findings are in perfect agreement with the analytical predictions.


We continue our program on classification of holomorphic vertex operator algebras of central charge 24. In this article, we show that there exists a unique strongly regular holomorphic VOA of central charge 24, up to isomorphism, if its weight one Lie algebra has the type C4,10, D7,3A3,1G2,1, A5,6C2,3A1,2, A3,1C7,2, D5,4C3,2A 2 1,1, or E6,4C2,1A2,1. As a consequence, we have verified that the isomorphism class of a strongly regular holomorphic vertex operator algebra of central charge 24 is determined by its weight one Lie algebra structure if the weight one subspace is nonzero.


Acute disorders of cerebral circulation remain serious medical and social problem associated with high disability and mortality rates. Since 2011 Tomsk oblast is a participating member of the medical campaign aimed at improved medical services to the vascular patients. The preliminary implementation data analysis for 2012 revealed improvement of most of the indices of medical support to patients suffering from acute cerebral circulation; increased number of the in-patient cases (Regional Vascular Center and primary vascular department), decreased lethality rates from strokes, specifically hemorrhagic cases. Strict observance of the Regulations on Medical Assistance for stroke patients and the using of modern methods of therapy allowed to decrease hospital mortality in the Primary Vascular Departments and early mortality in the Regional Vascular Center. The active implementation of neurorehabilitation approaches resulted in the increased number of patients who do not require third parties' assistance. Analysis of the work of the departments helped to identifying current problems and perspectives of further development of special medical care for stroke patients.


Development stage of curriculum 2013 has entered the limited-implementation phase to secondary schools. To maintain and improve the sustainability of the understanding and implementation of curriculum 2013, the government has programmed assistance activities for teachers and principals. This programs conducted as reinforcement in understanding the concept of Curriculum 2013 and to help overcome the obstacles that arise during the curriculum implementation. The research objective is to obtain information on the assistance of Curriculum 2013 implementation in accordance with the philosophy, concepts, rules, principles, meaning and procedures included in the elements of the curriculum changes based on Graduate Competence Standard (GCS), Core Competencies (CC) and Standard Competencies (SC) in Tanggamus regency, province of Lampung. The result of the research showed that there are the strengthening competency of target teacher during the mentoring conducted by the core/assistant teacher. The strengthening competencies includes the understanding of: 1) textbooks and teachers' manuals, 2) learning and assessment process, 3) the preparation of lesson plan, 4) learning implementation.


The present invention relates to a high-speed adaptive equalizer that is composed of an analog and a digital circuitry to implement an LMS (Least Mean Square) adaptive signal processing algorithm. A part that must process at high speed is implemented with the analog circuitry while a part that is sensitive to noise is implemented with the digital circuitry.


Managing the energy consumption of embedded systems has become a major problem with the increasing demand for portable electronic devices. This paper proposes a multi-bank memory architecture as a solution to decrease the static energy cost in memory. We set up the equations ruling the optimization problem for decreasing the memory static energy cost, analyze the impact of different parameters on the energy cost and finally present some case study results


We consider the problem of estimating a meta-model of an unknown regression model with non-Gaussian and non-bounded error. The meta-model belongs to a reproducing kernel Hilbert space constructed as a direct sum of Hilbert spaces leading to an additive decomposition including the variables and interactions between them. The estimator of this meta-model is calculated by minimizing an empirical least-squares criterion penalized by the sum of the Hilbert norm and the empirical $L^2$-norm. In this context, the upper bounds of the empirical $L^2$ risk and the $L^2$ risk of the estimator are established.


This book provides systemic and comprehensive treatment of reliability and availability (i.e., dependability) models of complex computing, communication, and network systems. It will be known as not only a classic textbook for any scholar who studies dependability modeling and analysis but also a technical reference for any engineer who develops dependability assurance techniques. This book is divided into six parts: 'Part I. Introduction', 'Part II. Non-state-space models (combinatorial models)', 'Part III. State-space models with exponential distributions', 'Part IV. State-space models with non-exponential distributions', 'Part V. Multi-level models', and 'Part VI. Case studies'. Some parts are further sub-divided into chapters. Thus, the book is well-organized so that readers can easily and explicitly find pertinent approaches and methods and understand how to solve a concrete problem of dependability modeling, evaluation, and analysis. We believe this book makes significant contributions to dependability engineering, as detailed below:


Large impact craters on Venus as revealed by the Magellan spacecraft are surrounded by several distinct ejecta facies. These include the inner continuous hummocky ejecta, dark margins, dark and light paraboloid streaks, and an outer ejecta facies that has a flow-like morphology [2]. Several of these facies appear to be unique to Venus. The outer ejecta unit appears to have been emplaced as an extremely low viscosity fluid based on the large distances it traveled. Several origins for this unit have been proposed including impact induced volcanism, impact melt, and atmosphere-ejecta interaction [2,5]. We are in the process of characterizing the ejecta facies for all of the large craters that show well preserved evidence for this flow-like unit in order to better understand its origin and temporal and spatial position during crater excavation and ejecta emplacement. Preliminary observations of many of these craters show evidence for flow origins in the upper flanks of their continuous ejecta between flaps of continuous ejecta (Fig. 1). Several of .the flows appear to originate in breaks in the crater rim (e.g. southern rim of Cochran). Few tributaries are observed in the continuous ejecta. The craters Yblochkna (Fig. la) and Stuart (Fig. lb) show particularly well developed flows of this type. The northwest portion of Stuart's ejecta (not shown) also shows morphologic evidence for two types of flow-like units. The first is similar to the highlighted flow in Fig. lb, in that it has very lobate margins and a sharp boundary with the surrounding plains. The other, best developed to the west-northwest, has a finger-like morphology and a diffuse boundary with the surrounding plains. This unit appears to originate over a broad area and may correspond to the flows of turbulent ejecta-atmosphere interaction proposed in [3]. The flow-like unit at Yblochkna is areally less extensive and is dominated by the lobate unit, but small areas of the diffuse type are observed. Many other craters show flows that are fed from small-to-moderate sized smooth (radar dark) areas (e.g. Callirhoe) on the upper flanks of the continuous ejecta. Large dark floor channels occur with units of this type. Phillips et al. (1991) interpreted these smooth areas to be impact melt. Production of such melt should be enhanced on Venus due to its higher gravity: up to five times the lunar amount has been suggested [2]. Entrainment of such voluminous quantities of melt could contribute significantly to the production of flowlike units. The observation. that many of these flows have their origins at the crater rim or in small areas in the upper ejecta would seem to argue against their origin in a turbulent ejecta-atmosphere interaction as proposed in [3]. This mechanism seems to require a broad region for interaction between the expanding ejecta curtain and the atmosphere. The continuous ejecta also appear to have been in place prior to their being scoured and channelized by the emplacement of the flow-like unit: emplacement of the flow-like units was a late time process. Based on these observations we propose a model in which impact melt lining the crater's transient cavity is forced out during the modification stage of crater formation by rebound of the floor. This mechanism would be particularly effective in evacuating impact melt from the interior of large craters. Impact melt that spills out of the crater during the modification stage of crater formation forms many of the flows, with some material flowing downslope and directly forming flows, while others pool proximal to the crater rim before flowing down the crater's flanks (e.g. Callirhoe). It seems reasonable however, that all the flow-like units may not have a single origin, and both impact melt and a dense ground-hugging flow not unlike a terrestrial pyroclastic flow [3], contribute. We are continuing our investigation with this in mind, and plan to use other Magellan data products in addition to SAR to better characterize these units. Determining the relative contributions of both will be non-trivial.


Dissemination and use of this Working Paper is encouraged. Reproduced copies may however not be used for commercial purposes. The findings, interpretations, and views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the International Household Survey Network member agencies or secretariat. To support research and policymaking, there is an increasing demand for microdata. Microdata are data that hold information collected on individual units, such as people, households or enterprises. For statistical producers, microdata dissemination increases returns on data collection and helps improve data quality and credibility. But statistical producers are also faced with the challenge of ensuring respondents' confidentiality while making microdata files more accessible. Not only are data producers obligated to protect confidentiality, but security is also crucial for maintaining the trust of respondents and ensuring the honesty and validity of their responses. Proper and secure microdata dissemination requires statistical agencies to establish policies and procedures that formally define the conditions for accessing microdata (Dupriez and Boyko, 2010), and to apply statistical disclosure control (SDC) methods to data before release. This guide, Introduction to Statistical Disclosure Control (SDC), discusses common SDC methods for microdata obtained from sample surveys, censuses and administrative sources. This guide is intended for statistical producers at National Statistical Offices (NSOs) and other statistical agencies, as well as data users who are interested in the subject. It assumes no prior knowledge of SDC. The guide is focused on SDC methods for microdata. It does not cover SDC methods for protecting tabular outputs (see Castro 2010 for more details). The guide starts with an introduction to the basic concepts regarding statistical disclosure in Section 2. Section 3 discusses methods for measuring disclosure risks. Section 4 presents the most common SDC methods, followed by an introduction to common approaches for assessing information loss and data utility in Section 5. Section 6 provides practical guidelines on how to implement SDC. Section 7 uses a sample dataset to illustrate the primary concepts and procedures introduced in this guide. All the methods introduced in this guide can be implemented using sdcMicroGUI, an R-based, user-friendly application (Kowarik et al., 2013) and/or the more advanced R-Package, sdcMicro (Templ et al., 2013). Readers are encouraged to explore them using this guide along with the detailed user manuals of sdcMicroGUI (Templ et al., 2014b) and sdcMicro (Templ et al., 2013). Additional case studies of how to implement …


Description Poplar hybrids and species has been intensively managed in Italy for timber production mostly in monoculture plantations, but often in intercropping systems (intercropping of arable crops in between young tree rows) and in linear plantations along field edges, drainage canals and streams. Poplar cultivation, in all the above cultivation models, is currently declining for stagnating domestic timber market. Urgent environmental concerns connected to Global Changes (Carbon sequestration, bioenergy, soil erosion control) should open new prospective for poplar silvoarable systems and linear plantations, combining local bioenergy production with food security and environmental amelioration, such us phytoremediation. No reliable official statistics are available for intercropping systems. For linear planations, just local regional statistics are available, often not homogeneous as time series, such the ones for Lombardia Region, reporting wood production from linear plantations, without stratification amongst tree species (e.g. Populus, Platanus, Salix). The last census in Lombardia (year 2000) reports 21,459 km of linear plantations (15.18 m/ha), producing annually 180.000 m 3 of timber.


Speaking is not only the basic mode of communication, but also the most complex motor skill humans can perform. Disorders of speech and language are the most common sequelae of brain disease or injury, a condition faced by millions of people each year. Health care practitioners need to interact with basic scientists in order to develop and evaluate new methods of clinical diagnosis and therapy to help their patients overcome or compensate their communication difficulties. In recent years, collaboration between those in the the disciplines of neurophysiology, cognitive psychology, mathematical modelling, neuroscientists, and speech science have helped accelerate progress in the field. This book presents the latest and most important theoretical developments in the area of speech motor control, offering new insights by leaders in their field into speech disorders. The scope of this book is broad - presenting state-of-the art research in the areas of modelling, genetics, brain imaging, behavioral experimentation in addition to clinical applications. The book will be valuable for researchers and clinicians in speech-language pathology, cognitive neuroscience, clinical psychology, and neurology.


As early as 1973, Peter Drucker described a shift in the structure of society in which knowledge workers were pointed out as the workers of the future. Definition: A knowledge worker is a person principally concerned with data, information, and knowledge as working objects, often working with these in both the physical world and the virtual world (digital information spaces), and sometimes in the borderland between them. Common work tasks are to create, search, refine, and mediate data, information, and knowledge. (Broberg, 2000) based on Drucker (1973) and Kidd (1994). As system designers, we take it as our task to provide knowledge workers with cognitive, physical and virtual tools that make their tasks easier, more efficient, fun, and creative. This document describes our conception of the relationship between context and knowledge work, as well as our attempts to create tools for knowledge work in integrated physical-virtual environments.


Disability may involve visual disability, physical disability, learning disorder, speech disorder, mental disorder and others various disabilities. This situation can reduce the quality of life, and causes clear drawback to that person. Due to this, in many countries, there are scholarships for students with disability, and students with disability parents. Universiti Utara Malaysia also provides a scholarship known as Bestari Education Award (BEA) scheme to assist poor students with disability. The process of selecting the right student for the scholarship is through a manual approach by analyzing the individual application forms and usually very time consuming. In this study, a scoring system is developed to simplify the selection process. The score is based on monthly household income, number of dependents and taking into consideration any disabilities, critical illnesses, orang asli and orphan. This scoring system can replace the long manual process of analyzing the forms and assist administrative to strategize the management of this special scheme.


Normal work hours are the least productive of the working day for top managers, according to a survey by Omega Watch Corporation in the USA. The survey disclosed that, of one hundred chief executives of Fortune's 500 companies, the majority performed their most productive work either before 9 am or after 5 pm. 43 per cent selected the earlier time period as their most productive part of the day. 18 per cent achieved most after their employees had gone home. Three per cent chose the lunch hour. Of those who found they did their best work during normal working hours, three‐quarters claimed that mornings were more productive than afternoons.


The accurate migration of seismic data is conditional on the parameters which are nominated. The effective velocity used in residual processing for migration is small compared to the original migration velocity. Considering traveltime computation is a significant part of seismic imaging algorithms. Conventional implementation of Kirchhoff migration is essential for precomputing a traveltime table from the categories involving traditional ray-tracing methods and finite difference eikonal solvers. In this paper, we examine the accuracy using, the eikonal solver and paraxial ray tracing traveltime computation in pre-stack Kirchhoff depth migration. This hybrid traveltime technique can be applied to a variety of problems related to faults, fractures, and complex region. To evaluate the relevance of this identical traveltime technique, we applied on a Marmousi data set.


Abstract The compounds Fe(pz)4X2 and Fe(mpz)4X2, where pz stands for pyrazole, mpz for 5-methyl-pyrazole and X means Cl, Br or I, have been investigated by magnetic susceptibility, magnetic saturation and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The experimental temperatures vary from 2K to room temperature for the magnetic susceptibility measurements and from 4K to room temperature for the Mössbauer measurements. Mössbauer spectra in an applied magnetic field are also reported. The results of both types of measurements and ligand-field spectra are interpreted using a ligand-field theory. The tetragonal ground-state splitting parameters have been determined using the ligand-field spectra. For the pyrazole compounds, the experimental data nicely agree with theoretical results. The quadrupole splitting and the magnetic properties of these com pounds can be completely described within the used model, assuming a tetragonal molecular point symmetry. For the 5-methylpyrazole compounds, the measurements show that the point symmetry is lower than tetragonal. The agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical results for a point group Ci is less fair, especially concerning the Vzz and η values. Besides the Vzz values of Fe(mpz)4X2 differ significantly from those of the corresponding Fe(pz)4X2 compounds.


There is an abundance of research on linguistic politeness which explore the influence of nonlinguistic, social factors such as gender on the formulation of politeness strategies. Having in mind various sociolinguistic studies (Maltz, Borker, 1982; Tannen, 1990; Troemel-Plotz, 1991; Gray, 1992; Johnson, 2000, DeVito, 2002; Wood, 1997; Basow, Rubenfeld, 2003) which claim there are male-female differences in linguistic behaviour and that women are more polite in communication than men, the aim of this paper is to investigate the extent to which a non-linguistic variable of gender affects the degree of directness and formulation of strategies used for realising the speech acts of request, favour asking and apology. The author of this paper thus endeavours to explore if the non-linguistic variable of gender affects the directness of politeness among the Serbian and the English native speakers, and if these speakers would change the degree od directness of the chosen strategy if they were to address a female instead of a male in the same context.
Linguistic corpora used for the research are gathered from the native speakers of Serbian and English language by means of a sociolinguistic questionnaire as a data elicitation technique. The said questionnaire consists of 18 socially-differentiated situations each of which describes the social context and the level of social power among the participants. The situations were designed so as to provide a context which may be expected to give rise to particular request/favour-asking/apology strategies. Since the questionnaire is of a semi-closed type, the respondents could choose among the offered responses or they could write down their own answer. The offered answers are in line with the Brown and Levinson's (Brown, Levinson, 1987) taxonomy of politeness strategies, namely, the respondents were offered a direct strategy under a, positive politeness strategy under b, negative politeness strategy under c, and indirect strategy under d. They were also provided free space to write down their own answer in case their answer is none of the suggested. The author views the respondents' answers not from the aspect of being more or less polite, but from the aspect of the (in)directness degree of the chosen strategy. For this reason, this study places politeness strategies on a directness scale where direct strategy is the first and most direct one and indirect strategy is the last and least direct one.
The respondents were first asked to choose a strategy they would use for addressing a man and then to state if they would change the selected strategy if they were to address a woman in the same situation. In case the answer was yes, they were asked to provide the strategy they would use in this case. Based on comparative quantitative and qualitative analysis of the collected data, conclusions were drawn onthe  differences in the degree of directness in a defined social context between male and female speakers and the influence of the said non-linguistic variable on the formulation of strategies in both speech communities.
The comparative intergender analysis carried out in this study did not show any statistically significant difference in the degree of directness and formulation of strategy between male and female respondents, neither among Serbian nor among English speakers. The strategy both groups preferred on the level of all three speech acts was a mix of positive and negative politeness. In addition, the vast majority of speakers in both communities stated they would not change the degree of directness/strategy they chose for addressing a man if they were to address a woman in the same context.
The analysis carried out in this paper has recognised the importance of a social context and social factors in accordance with the postulates of the contemporary studies on gender and discourse. In addition to this, considering the fact that the third feminist wave argues for the analysis of linguistic behaviour of women on the level of communities of practice for the purpose of identifying intragender variation, the author of this paper thinks that further research should focus on specific communities of practice with the aim of identifying any intragender variations.


The utility model discloses a wheel hub motor driving device which comprises driving hubs, a speed reducer and a driving motor. The driving hubs are arranged on wheel hubs, a shell of the speed reducer is arranged on a vehicle suspension, a front end cover of the driving motor is fixed on the speed reducer shell to seal the speed reducer, a motor shaft of the driving motor is connected with an input shaft of the speed reducer, and the output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the driving hubs. A large number of driving components of a traditional vehicle are omitted, the vehicle structure is made to be simpler, meanwhile, a plurality of complex driving modes can be achieved, the wheel hub motor driving device can be applied to various new energy vehicles, and energy loss and mechanical abrasion are reduced.


A quantitative ion chromatographic analytical method for the determination of fluorine in fluorocarbon coatings is proposed. The extraction of the anions from the samples was performed using potassium hydroxide after centrifugation drying to dissolved at preference temperature. Using H column to remove large amounts of potassium ions in the solution。In paper describe the observed limits of detection and of quantitation in mg kg-1 and the mean relative standard deviation in percent This method is simple operation, less interference factors, fast analysis speed, the determination results accurate and reliable, with good repeatability and reproducibility.


EXTENDED ABSTRACT Consumers are often confronted with mixed marketing signals. To some extent, marketing communications may reflect sincere and diagnostic information to help the consumer make optimal choices. On the other hand, these communications may also reflect ulterior motives that are based on making profit, manipulation of choices, or sometimes even mere deception. For the consumer then, making the right purchase decision is not an easy job. Consumer welfare would require that consumers are able to discount to the extent that persuasion attempts are driven by mere ulterior motives.


A new neural equalizer is proposed in order to compensate for intersymbol interference (ISI) and to mitigate nonlinear distortions in digital magnetic recording systems and to strengthen the bit error rate (BER) performance of conventional neural decision feedback equalizer (NDFE). The proposed quadratic sigmoid neural decision feedback equalizer (QSNDFE) uses a quadratic sigmoid function as the activation function of the neural networks. We present some computer simulation results of the BER performance in nonlinear digital magnetic recording channels-the nonlinear Lorentzian channel model and the partial erasure model. The BER performance of QSNDFE is compared to that of conventional decision feedback equalizer (DFE) and conventional NDFE. Also, the characteristics of MSE (mean square error) of each equalizer is analyzed. It is shown that the QSNDFE outperforms both DFE and NDFE.


A four-channel Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) demultiplexer is proposed and designed using a twodimensional photonic crystal square lattice in order to precisely confine the light in horizontal direction. The proposed
demultiplexer comprises a T-shaped bus waveguide, four drop waveguides and four square resonant cavities. The Tshaped waveguide is designed with line defects, and wavelength selective filter is realized using square resonant cavity.
The square resonant cavity designs with inner ring filter rods, outer ring rods, and resonant rods. The desired wavelength
can be separate by adjusting the inner ring filter rod radius and resonant rod. The proposed PC based demul…


Ayurveda, the traditional medicine of India has emphasised on various modalities of treatments. This includes both the internal and external treatments explained for different diseases. Upanaha, poultice application is one of the treatments described in the management of inflammatory swelling. Pain medicine is one of the emerging areas of research and development. Upanaha is proved effective in the management of pain and other conditions where external treatment is employed. An attempt has been made to collect references about upanaha from the classics of Ayurveda and reviewed systematically.


1. Six rats bar‐pressed for intracranial self‐stimulation in a Skinner box on fixed interval and differential reinforcement of low rate schedules with an interval parameter of 1.3 s.


Recommended Resources: The following resources may be useful in teaching this lesson: Baker, M & Mikesell, R.E. Animal Science Biology and Technology. Danville, IL: Interstate Publishers, Inc. 1996. Gillespie, J.R. Modern Livestock and Poultry Production, 6 Edition. Albany, NY: Delmar. 2002. Lee, Jasper S., Hutter, J., Rudd R., Westrom, L., Bull, A.M., Embry Mohr, C. & Pollock, J. Introduction to Livestock and Companion Animals 2 Edition. Danville, Illinois: Interstate Publishers, Inc., 2000. Taylor, R.E. Scientific Farm Animal Production: An Introduction to Animal Science, 4 Edition. New York: MacMillian Publishers Co. 1992.


This essay examines the heretofore neglected political context of Elizabeth Elstob's published defenses of Anglo-Saxon antiquities, evaluating her High Church Tory allegiances and uncovering the relationship between her own motives as a feminist antiquary and contemporary political debates that mixed partisan ideology with emergent cultural standards of patriotism and politeness. The essay's comparative investigation of Elstob's prefaces to her English-Saxon Homily (1709) and her Rudiments of Grammar for the English-Saxon Tongue (1715) shows Elstob shifting away from conventional antiquarian rhetoric and objects of study toward the polite discourse of literary criticism where she posits the patriotic instrumentality of the English monosyllable.


Protein glycosylation is a complex post-translational modification process, often affecting protein folding and function, but it has not been well understood due to the lack of effective tools for the study of this process.


Objective Combination therapy for cancer is more effective than using only standard chemo- or radiotherapy. Our previous results showed that dendritic cell-activated α-fetoprotein (AFP)-specific T-cells inhibit tumor in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we focused on antitumor function of CD8+ T-cells combined with or without JAK2 inhibitor. Methods Proliferation and cell cycle were analyzed by CCK-8 and flow cytometry. Western blot was used to analyze the expression level of related protein and signaling pathway. Results We demonstrated reduced viability and induction of apoptosis of tumor cells with combination treatment. Intriguingly, cell cycle was blocked at the G1 phase by using AFP-specific CD8+ T-cells combined with JAK2 inhibitor (AG490). Furthermore, an enhanced expression of BAX but no influence on Fas/FasL was detected from the tumor cells. Conclusion These results indicate a Fas/FasL-independent pathway for cellular apoptosis in cancer therapies with the treatment of AFP-specific CD8+ T-cells combined with JAK2 inhibitor.


Unions in North America have had many problems organizing workers in the emerging private service sector. In this article, we explore the demand for collective representation in this sector as being a double probability of propensity to unionize and to be a member of a professional association. Using an accidental sample of 485 non-unionized workers in the private service sector of the Montreal Metropolitan Area, we find fhat 78% of these workers want some kind of collective representation. More precisely, 14% of the workers surveyed would like to join a union but not to be member of a professional association; 28% would like to be a member of a professional association but not join a union ; finally, 36% of the workers would opt for both forms of collective representation. These results indicate a very significant demand for collective representation in the private service sector. This combined result far exceeds the simple demand for unions, which is the usual form of collective representation offered under Canadian labour law. To explain this combined demand for collective representation, we draw on a classical model of unionization to which we add variables related to the occupation or profession of workers in the private service sector, including the perceived importance of continued training for his or her occupation. It was hypothesized that the greater the importance of the perceived need for continued training, the more a worker will prefer a professional association as opposed to a union. Similarly, a worker who thinks that a specific pension plan and collective insurance should be available to all members of his or her occupation instead of only to workers of his or her employer are also likely to prefer a professional association rather than a union. The same hypothesis applies to the worker who thinks that there should be a placement service exclusively for his or her occupation.It was also hypothesized that a worker who attaches a high social value to his or her occupation would prefer to be a member of a professional association as opposed to a union member. Finally, workers who think that they have enough individual power in their occupation to negotiate with their employer would prefer no collective representation at all.Four logistic regressions were conducted: first, the propensity to unionize but not to be member of a professional association; second, the desire to be member of a professional association but not to unionize; third, the propensity both to unionize and to be a member of a professional association; finally, the propensity neither to unionize nor to be a member of a professional association.The profile of private sector workers who would opt for a professional association as opposed to a union is as follows: the perception that their occupation enjoys a high social value, a higher level of education and increased age, a lower percentage of colleagues that would vote for a union, greater satisfaction with salary, the feeling that the law affords greater protection in case of being fired, the importance of continued training in the occupation, a lesser instrumentality attached to union membership. On the contrary, workers in the private service sector who prefer union membership as opposed to a professional association do not think that their occupation enjoys a high social value, are more likely to be women, have a lower level of education, be younger, have a lesser salary, and view unions as instrumental. The model is also efficient in predicting the joint probability of the propensity to be a member of a union and a professional association. The main determinants of this dual propensity are the percentage of colleagues that would vote for a union, union instrumentality, the perception of not being protected by the law in case of being fired, job dissatisfaction, the lack of individual negotiating power at work, a positive image of unions, being male and dissatisfied with salary. Finally, the determinants of wanting no collective representation at all are a high percentage of colleagues that would vote against a union, a negative union image, a negative perception of union instrumentality and the feeling of a strong individual negotiating power in the job.The results of the logistic regression on the desire to be member of a professional association to the exclusion of a union confirm the hypotheses about the perceived value of the occupation in society and the perceived importance of training to the occupation but do not confirm our hypotheses as regards pension plans, collective insurance and replacement services. As predicted, the perceived individual power to negotiate in one's occupation does predict the desire for no collective representation at all.In light of these results, a good union strategy to organize workers in the private service sector would be to take into account the possible combination of the determinants of the propensity to join a professional association but not a union with the determinants of an undifferentiated desire for representation by a union or a professional association. But there are many limitations to this analysis; for example, women and younger workers and those with less education are more likely to join a union as opposed to a professional association. Since they are significant and growing groups of private service workers, unions must take them into account. At the same time, the union movement cannot ignores the importance of occupation to workers in the private service sector.


The molecular array structures and molecular orientations within the adlayers of pyridine base molecules (pyridine and β-picoline) liquid-phase-adsorbed on (010) surfaces of natural zeolites (heulandite and stilbite) determined by in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) were examined by semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations. All the adlayers studied possess (quasi-)hexagonal array structures, with different two-dimensional lattice constants for different adsorption systems. The AFM-observed array structures were close to the calculated energy minima with respect to their unit cell dimensions. The AFM-observed molecular orientation within the β-picoline adlayer was also energetically the most favourable among possible molecular orientations. Molecular tilt angles, which were not determined by AFM, were estimated by the semi-empirical calculations.


In austenitic stainless steel (ASS) grade of an AISI304L alloy are fusion welded having the major problem of hot cracking and loss of corrosion resistance, to avoid these problems the friction welding is an only way to weld the AISI304L alloy and required testing are needed for further process.  In this work, the friction welded AISI304L rod of 10mm diameter is used to produce the high strength welding and  evaluate the Tensile strength (TS), Fatigue strength (FS), Notch fatigue strength (NFS), Notch sensitivity, Notch strength ratio (NSR), Hardness and thermal behaviour strength of the joints. The Vickers hardness (VHN) of 284 HV values is found to be at the Heat affected zone of the friction welded AISI304L alloy joints. The friction welding temperature is obtained around the 1065°C at the interface of the contact area. The tensile and fatigue test of AISI304Lalloy have carried out the base material, which exhibits a higher ultimate tensile strength and ductility than the welded metal, and a strong cyclic hardening tendency in the early stages is found in the base metal and also weldment of the specimen. The fatigue strengths of notched specimens are slightly lower than un-notched specimen. The result of notch strength ratio value is less than the one, which indicates that, the tensile fracture of the steel rod by friction welding has been occurred brittle fracture at the weld interface. The results indicate that, the maximum tensile strength of the joint obtained is 532 MPa, which is equal to 94.16% of the base metal's strength.


Methods of obtaining the distribution functions of errors and the parameters of products after operations of the measurable monitoring. Taken into an account errors of measurements. We discuss the possibility of constructing approximate models, which significantly reduces the complexity of computing.


This study examines the energy efficiency in the iron & steel industry and tries to identify a possible factor contributing to the energy efficiency growth.

There are three tools for this study, which are 1) Specific Energy Consumption (SEC), 2) Cluster analysis and 3) Environment Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. This study extends the EKC hypothesis to show the energy efficiency change along the economic growth. Industry observers and policymakers are tended to cite one more possible indicator of energy efficiency in the iron & steel industry. In addition, seven-teen countries which included the main steel producing countries in E.U. and Taiwan over the period of 1970-2005, economic growth is likely to improve energy efficiency of iron & steel industry to a great extent as evidence in various industries.

The results of this study showed three types, U-shaped, linear and N-shaped. Besides, cluster analysis did not show strong relative on the ratio of BOF/EAF.

The whole study is demonstrated based on energy efficiency of iron & steel industry. Finally, this study clearly indicated that economic growth is critical in pursuit of energy efficiency in the iron & steel industry


This paper deals with a total of 24 species of mites belonging to 19 genera, 11 families and 3 orders, occurring on 15 species of wild mushrooms collected from Kozhikode district of Kerala. Among those, some are damage causing, some are predatory and some are of uncertain association with wild mushrooms. This paper includes species Galumna sandormahunkai, Pergalumna janosbaloghi and Neocunaxoides andrei which are reported from India for the first time. This study also includes 2 species viz. Cheiroseius sp. and Hoploseius sp. (family-Blattisociidae) which appears to be new to science. Besides, the present study revealed the incidence 20 species of mites, which were not previously recorded from any wild mushroom species in the world. All the obtained species are listed taxa-wise with collection details and remarks. Furthermore, a list of wild mushroom species and recorded mites were also provided.


It is shown that the sufficient stability criteria given by P. Ripa in 1983 for zonal shallow‐water flow on the sphere may be extended to include zonally symmetric orography (free surface height being replaced in the relevant expressions by depth). The context of the study is the use of stable flows to test the formulation of discretized numerical models; illustrative examples of how to apply the criteria in this context are presented. © Crown Copyright 2009. Reproduced with the permission of HMSO. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A frequency-agile, low-power 3-5 GHz FM transceiver with on-chip calibration, and digital control of Rx gain, Tx power, and carrier frequency is described. The FCC-compliant transmitter incorporates a 3-phase CCO and frequency-tripling PA. A tunable LNA, envelope detector, limiter, and FSK demodulator comprise the receiver. Measured Rx sensitivity is -80.5 dBm (10-3 BER) at 100 kb/s. The 0.9 mm2 IC fabricated in 90 nm RF-CMOS dissipates 630 μW in Tx and 580 μW in Rx mode from a 1 V supply.


Secretory carcinoma is a rare type of breast carcinoma usually seen in the young females, and it is also called as "Juvenile carcinoma." We report here a case of secretory carcinoma in an elderly female with an unusual clinical presentation. She had a painful swelling in left breast of 6 cm × 5 cm size for the past 6 months. Skin over the swelling was inflamed and ulcerated. Mammogram findings favored a chronic infected hematoma/abscess. Fine needle aspirate (FNA) is a murky fluid admixed with blood and was reported as acute inflammatory lesion. 2 weeks later she developed nipple retraction and an increase in size of the swelling. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was repeated again from firm areas and in multiple points of swelling. To our surprise, FNA smears revealed dysplastic ductal epithelial cells with minimal atypia. Modified radical mastectomy was planned. Histopathological examination confirmed the mass as secretory carcinoma, a rare variant of ductal carcinoma of the breast. Postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy was started. We report this case to emphasize that FNAC can be repeated in suspicious cases and should be correlated clinico-radiologically to give a preoperative diagnosis.


Regional discomfort questionnaires were administered to apprentice carpenters at three month intervals for a duration of six months following an ergonomics awareness training as part of apprenticeship school. Reports of frequent musculoskeletal discomfort were reported by between 20 and 29 percent of carpenters for each of the nine body regions with the exception of higher levels for the lower back. Severity ratings and frequency of discomfort were highest for the lower back and hands/wrists. There was no significant difference in reports of musculoskeletal discomfort among the baseline and follow-up questionniares (p > 0.05). The lower back was the only body region showing a decrease in the ratings of discomfort severity during follow-up. Further study of training effects on work methods and discomfort are recommended.


The paper compares generic on board charger module (OBCM) topologies with respect to ground fault current detection and interruption. Ground fault current in isolated charging modules is very small due to the galvanic isolation between the input and output sides. In non-isolated charging modules, the paper shows the contributing components of the system to the generation of ground fault current. The ground fault current interrupt circuit is explained and compared in both topologies. Performance and parametric measures are used to compare the two topologies in MATLAB/Simulink.


Background : Cigarette smoke is a source of free radicals that can cause narrowing of the diameter of the lumen of the trachea which can be prevented by antioxidants. Antioxidants are compounds that can protect cells from the negative effects of free radicals. Dragon fruit skin contains Phenols, Phytoalbumin antioxidants, Flavonoids, and Vitamin C which function as antioxidants that are thought to prevent the reduction in tracheal lumen diameter. Objective : How is the effect of red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on the diameter of the tracheal lumen of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus strain wistar) that exposed to cigarette smoke. Method : True experimental with post-test only control group design. The samples were divided into 5 groups, the K / K + / P1 (100mg) / P2 (200mg) / P3 (400mg). Red dragon fruit peel extract is given before exposure to cigarette smoke every day. Data were analysed using normality test, homogeneity test, one way ANOVA test, post hoc bonferoni test, and regression test. Results : The results showed the average number of tracheal lumen diameter lengths at K + = 984.5567 µm, P1 = 1286.96 µm, P2 = 1567.017 µm, and P3 = 1859.68 µm. One way ANOVA test results showed a significant effect (p <0.05). Post hoc test results obtained a significant difference (p <0.05) in each treatment group. Results of linear regression obtained R 2 = 0.949. Conclusion : Red dragon fruit skin extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) can extend the diameter of the tracheal lumen of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus strain wistar) that exposed to cigarette smoke.


Today all Internet routers are built with buffers that hold packets in times of congestion. These buffers can typically store between 250ms to one second worth of data. According to a widely used "rule-of-thumb", a link needs a buffer of size B = RTT × C, where RTT is the average round-trip time of a flow passing across the link, and C is the data rate of the link. For example, a 10Gb/s router linecard needs approximately 250ms × 10Gb/s = 2.5Gbits of buffers; and the amount of buffering grows linearly with the line-rate. Such large buffers are challenging for router manufacturers, who must use large, slow, off-chip DRAMs. They also lead to high latencies in case of congestion. Recent research suggest that the rule-of-thumb (B = RTT ×C) is now outdated and incorrect for routers serving highly aggregated traffic. According to these new results, a link with n flows requires no more than B = (RTT × C)/ √ n, for long-lived or short-lived TCP flows. These lower buffer requirements have been verified in simulation and laboratory experiments as well as on real networks with live traffic. The consequences on router design are enormous: a 2.5Gb/s link carrying 10,000 flows could reduce its buffers by 99% with negligible difference in throughput, and a 10Gb/s link carrying 50,000 flows requires only 10Mbits of buffering, which can easily be implemented using fast, on-chip SRAM.


The need of a continuous improvement in gas turbine efficiency for propulsion and power generation, as well as the more demanding operating conditions and power control required to these machines, still ask for great efforts in the design and analysis of the high pressure section of the turbo-expander. To get detailed insights and improve the comprehension of the flow physics, a wide experimental campaign has been performed in the last ten years at Politecnico di Milano on the unsteady aerodynamics of a high-pressure turbine stage considering several operating conditions. This paper presents and discusses the experimental results obtained for the stage operating with different expansion ratios and rotor loading. The turbine stage under study is representative of a modern high-pressure turbine and can be operated in both subsonic and transonic conditions. The experimental tools applied for the current research represents the state of the art when unsteady investigations are foreseen. The detailed flow field, the blade–rows interaction and the overall performance are described and discussed; efforts have been devoted to the discussion of the various contribution to the overall stage efficiency. The direct effects of the expansion ratio, affecting the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, have been highlighted and quantified; similarly, the indirect effects, accounting for a change in the rotor loading, have been commented and quantified as well, thanks to a dedicated set of experiments where different rotor loadings at the same expansion ratio have been prescribed.


In this paper,we analyzed the work content of medical mobilization center and three stage of mobilization,and we also presented a colored generalized stochastic Petri net model based on geographic information system(GIS) to analyze the work of medical mobilization center.


The invention relates to a system and a method for controlling a card sender of a self-service terminal to send cards. The system comprises an identity authentication module, a service processing module, a card writing control module, a card discharging control module and a card recycling control module. The identity authentication module is used for authenticating identity information of a user. The service processing module is used for analyzing service information input by the user, calculating the fee for service handling, and feeding back user product information including fee information to a self-service terminal, and is further used for verifying correctness of the fee paid by the user and calling a writing interface if verification is passed. The card writing control module is used for performing card writing operation according to the service information of the user, calling the card discharging control module if card writing succeeds, and calling the card recycling control module if card writing fails. The card discharging control module is used for causing a corresponding card slot of a card sender to discharge a card. The card recycling control module is used for recycling a card which fails to be written. The system and the method of the invention are based on a hardware original ecology dynamic link library, and a card sender working api is made for different types of card senders to shield the difference of different types of hardware in use.


A fusion gene, which is composed by fusing pieces of two distinct genes, gives rise to a protein. The body may naturally produce fusion genes by transferring DNA between chromosomes. For instance, the BCR-ABL gene, which is a fusion gene that creates the BCR-ABL fusion protein, is found in a few different types of leukemia. By combining genes or segments of genes from related or unrelated animals, fusion genes and proteins can be produced further. Real-time lab tests, however, are expensive and time-consuming for automated fusion protein functionality prediction. In order to address this issue, this research suggests a brand-new Fusion Protein Functionality Prediction (FPFP) approach based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique. The results of the experiments showed that the FPFP method accurately predicts the functionality of fusion proteins.


Studies suggest an association among depression, depressive symptoms and changes in the immune system. More specifically, research has demonstrated an association among depression, depressive symptoms and certain components (NK levels) of the immune system. Although there is evidence to indicate patients are psychologically affected by colorectal cancer and surgery postoperatively, the association between depressive symptoms and immune status changes during the immediate postoperative recovery phase is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to describe the relationship between depressive symptoms and immune status as measured by phenotype analysis among 63 patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Fourteen percent of the patients continued to report depressive symptoms at 6 months postoperatively. Preoperatively and postoperatively, levels of NK cells among patients with more severe depressive symptoms were significantly lower than patients without or with minimal depressive symptoms. In addition, NK cell counts among the group with more severe depressive symptoms postoperatively were below the average NK cell count. Preoperative depressive symptoms significantly predicted NK and CD4/CD8 levels. These results suggest that preoperative depressive symptoms may have a prolonged effect on the patient's immune status and warrant early intervention.


With the increasing of antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori(Hp),eradication rate of standard triple therapy decreased obviously in recent years.Aims:To assess the efficacy and safety for eradication of Hp infection with tetracycline-containing triple therapy.Methods:A total of 136 patients with chronic active gastritis or peptic ulcer disease and positive for Hp infection were enrolled from Nov.2012 to Apr.2013 at Guanxian County People's Hospital.Hp infection was verified by gastroscopic biopsy rapid urease test(RUT).Patients were randomly allocated into study group and control group.In study group,omeprazole 20 mg bid + amoxicillin 1000 mg bid + tetracycline 750 mg bid were given orally;while in control group,omeprazole 20 mg bid + amoxicillin 1000 mg bid + clarithromycin 500 mg bid were given.The treatment course was 10 days for both groups.Adverse effects during the treatment course were recorded.Four to six weeks after treatment,gastroscopic biopsy RUT and13C-urease breath test were re-examined,both of which being negative was defined as successful eradication.Results:One hundred and thirty-four patients completed the treatment course and received re-examination.By ITT analysis,the eradication rates of study group and control group were 90.0%(63/70) and 74.2%(49/66),respectively;by PP analysis,the eradication rates of the two groups were 91.3%(63/ 69) and 75.4%(49 /65),respectively.The eradication rates were significantly higher in study group than in control group by both ITT and PP analysis(P 0.05).The healing rate for peptic ulcer was also significantly higher in study group than in control group(90.9% vs.70.0%,P 0.05).No statistical significant difference in adverse effects was seen between the two groups(12.9% vs.10.6%,P 0.05).Conclusions:Tetracycline-containing triple therapy is safe and effective for eradication of Hp infection and healing of peptic ulcer,and was well compliant and economical.The regimen is worthy of being recommended in primary medical care.


In this paper, we propose a novel mobile TV service over WiMAX network. Instead of using broadcasting method or unicasting scheme, we use a hybrid approach that exploits adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) gain in unicast scheme and at the same time accommodates arbitrary many users watching the same channel like broadcast method, which enables to increase wireless capacity for mobile TV service. In addition, we present a WiMAX design tool, based on an analytical model, maximizing WiMAX capacity and study the influence of the most important traffic and system parameters. The analytical model can provide an accurate estimate of the amount of bandwidth for WiMAX TV service.


Tolerance to a drug is said to have developed "when, after repeated administration, a given dose of a drug produces a decreasing effect, or conversely when increasingly larger doses must be administered to obtain the effects observed with the original dose."' There is evidenv that tolerance develops to the effects of marijuana and its active constituents in animaW6 and in man.7 However, many investigators have not observed tolerance to marijuana or its active constituents in animalss and in mang-lls or have suggested that the repeated administration of marijuana may result in an increased sensitivity to the subjective effects of marijuana in man.12 There are many factors that might have contributed to the conflicting findings concerning the development of tolerance to marijuana. Among the most serious of these factors has been the difficulty in controlling the dose level of the active constituents in marijuana, due to the varying purity of the preparations from the plant material.I3 Since tolerance to a drug is defined either in terms of a diminishing response to a constant dose or in terms of a constant response to graded increases in the dose, failure to control the dose adequately makes the demonstration of tolerance difficult. Other problems in demonstrating tolerance to marijuana and its active constituents may arise from differences in the methods used to assess tolerance and from species differences. We have attempted to minimize these problems by using only those constituents of marijuana that have been shown to have activity in man14-17 and are available in relatively pure form,ls and by using standardized procedures for measuring the development of tolerance in several species. Recently, schedule-controlled behavior has been used as a sensitive and stable baseline for assessing the development of tolerance to a number of d r ~ g s ~ * ~ J ~ ~ ~ in several species. The basic techniques for studying schedule-controlled behavior are well known.22 In our experiments, pigeons are trained to peck a translucent plastic response key in order to obtain a four-second access to mixed grain. Each peck breaks an electrical circuit, which permits the peck to be counted and recorded. Occasionally, depending on the schedule of food reward, pecks produce access to grain. The reward schedule for pigeons that has been used most often in tolerance s t ~ d i e s ~ ~ J ~ is the multiple fixed-ratio 30-response, fixed-interval fiveminute (mult FR 30 FI 5) schedule of food presentation. Under this schedule, when a blue light behind the translucent key is on, 30 key pecks are required to produce food (FR 30 component), and when a red light behind the key is on, the first key peck after five minutes produces food (FI 5 component). The two schedule components alternate throughout a session, with a 40-second time limit applying to both components of the schedule, so that the schedule can change automatically from one component to the other component if the pigeon is not responding at the time food is available. At these schedule parameters, pigeons usually respond at a high steady rate under the FR component, while responding under the FI 5 component is characterized by a pause early in the interval, followed by an increasing rate of responding as the availability of food appr0aches.2~


Uranium recovery from seawater was investigated in simulated seawater in the laboratory and in natural seawater from the coasts of China with different amidoxime-based (AO) ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers. The capacities of adsorbents AO-UHMWPE-1 and -2 were 4.54 and 2.41 mg U/g-adsorbent, respectively, after 24 h of adsorption in the simulated seawater with 330 ppb U. Their capacities were 2.93 and 1.95 mg U/g-adsorbent, respectively, after 42 days of adsorption in simulated seawater flow-through experiments with 3.3 ppb U. However, because of sediment and marine organism contamination, the capacities were 0.25 and 0.04 mg U/g-adsorbent, respectively, after 68 days of adsorption in natural seawater in Xiamen. The capacity of AO-UHMWPE-7 was 1.41 mg U/g-adsorbent after 15 days of adsorption in natural seawater in Daishan. The average capacity of AO-UHMWPE-7 was 1.50 mg U/g-adsorbent, which was 18 times greater than that for V after 15 days of adsorption in natural seawater in Daish...


An application to restore and enhance the Grade II listed Klinger building and provide new commercial units was approved at Development Control Committee on Tuesday night.


The porosity of a pellet is an important property to ascertain its quality. It effects the compressive strength, thermal conductivity and also plays an important role in controlling it's swelling during its reduction. Akiyama et al. measured the thermal conductivity of iron ore by laser flash method and co-related it to porosity. Kasai and Murayama reported an increase in thermal conductivity with decrease in porosity for coke pellets. Watts and co-workers measured the thermal diffusivity of fired and dried hematite pellets for radial heating by measuring the temperature at centre and half-radial distance of a heating pellet and applied transient state conduction equation to get thermal diffusivity. In our laboratory, experiments were conducted to measure thermal conductivity and diffusivity of iron ore pellets with porosity ranging from 24 to 38% by recording centre and surface temperatures of a heating pellet and applying principle of heat balance. Nishioka reports that, not only porosity but pore size and their distribution also have an effect on thermal conductivity. He reports two coke samples of same porosity, but with different average pore size, have thermal conductivities with considerable difference, which was indicated by penetration of heat zone. It was explained that pellet with lower average pore size has more solid /pore interface area for same porosity which adds resistance to heat transfer. This effect of solid/pore interface area will be more predominant in small pore size ranges, where increase in specific surface area of pore is more for a similar decrease in pore sizes. In view of above, an attempt has been made in the present work to prepare pellets with low porosity of around 14 to 23% and measure the effective thermal conductivity for radial heat flow. The results are compared with thermal conductivity of high porosity pellets prepared by same technique and with our earlier results of pelletized pellets.


The core task when analyzing single-cell data (SCD) is dimensional reduction (DR), which aims to find latent signals encoding biological heterogeneity. Here, we dissected DR steps to build TopOMetry, a machine learning framework that learns latent data topology to perform DR in a modular fashion and show that current analysis practices are biased due to the non-uniformity and non-linearity of the geometry underlying SCD. We used TopOMetry to analyze SCD from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and consistently found a plethora of unreported T CD4 subpopulations that are missed by current workflows across datasets and diseases. We also found comparable T CD4 diversity in the human cerebrospinal fluid. The proposed framework scalates to millions of cells, excels at discovering fine-grained local structure, and holds natural connections to clustering and trajectory inference. We hope this powerful tool will accelerate biomedical discovery and inspire new methods to learn and explore phenotypic topology.


The selection process for new employees at CV. Karya Lestari Abadi is carried out manually, the application file for new candidates will be evaluated by comparing the contents of the file with specified criteria. File selection that meets the criteria is then followed by an interview process. The series of processes is followed by a series of written tests, including psychological tests, academic potential tests and so on. This study aims to build a New Employee Recruitment Decision Support System using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and Weight Product (WP) methods. These two methods were chosen because they can determine the weight value for each attribute, then proceed with the ranking process that will choose the best alternative from several alternatives.While the system implementation uses the PHP and MySQL programming languages as a database. With the decision support system can help the Recruitment in making decisions in the recruitment process in CV. Karya Lestari Abadi easier and faster.


This publication examines the long-standing problems of corruption in Paraguay and its economic effects. It considers how these institutional problems have contributed to the country's long-term economic underperformance and options for addressing these problems drawing from international best practices. Issues discussed include: financial crises and private sector credit, reform of the Caja Fiscal, equilibrium real exchange rate, terms of trade and regional factors.


Dear Readers, In your hands you are holding a thematic collection of papers devoted to the mineralogy of supergene phases. Our intention was to collect exemplary contributions, reflecting the wide range of research currently being undertaken on supergene phases. The field of supergene mineralogy deals with the nature and origin of secondary alteration products (minerals) and precipitates formed as a consequence of weathering and processes such as acid-mine drainage. Thus, an important aspect involves studies into the environmental impact of supergene minerals in relation to mining and the ecosystem. Crystallography and crystal chemistry not only contribute to the study of supergene mineralogy via the description of new mineral species, but they also help us to decipher basic crystal-chemical principles, enabling us to understand the conditions under which these minerals form. Geochemical techniques, including stable isotopes and fluid-inclusion studies, provide insights into the fluids involved in supergene processes. This issue is introduced with a crystallographic paper by Kampf and Mills focussing on the role of hydrogen in tellurite minerals. This study contributes to our understanding of the hydrogen bonding mechanisms, which control the thermodynamical stability of supergene tellurites. A paper by Pekov and co-authors deals with a new supergene arsenate mineral from the ancient silver mining site at Laurion (Greece). Agardite-(Nd), NdCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O, was recently approved by the International Mineralogical Association and we are delighted to present the type description of this mineral phase. The Jáchymov ore deposit (Czech Republic) is particularly famous for complex and rich supergene mineral associations, reflecting the geochemical diversity of ore veins where the secondary minerals formed. Sejkora and coauthors present and discuss an interesting type of supergene mineral association, characterised by the dominance of lead, until now unknown at Jáchymov. A paper by Števko and co-authors covers a detailed description and discussion on the type and origin of supergene mineralization at Poníky (Slovak Republic), which is characterised by a suite of secondary copper arsenates. The unique copper mineralization, in which dioptase is the dominant supergene phase, from Saldán, Córdoba (Argentina) is highlighted in the study by Colombo and co-authors. They applied mineralogical techniques, as well as fluid inclusion studies, to trace the source of the parental fluids. The alteration of metamict U, Th-enriched Y, REE, Nb, Ta, Ti-oxide minerals from the Obrázek I pegmatite, Písek (Czech Republic) and mechanism of their replacement, is the topic of the paper by Škoda and co-workers. They describe a previously unknown mineral assemblage connected with late low-temperature hydrothermal alteration. The last paper presented by Klimko and co-authors discusses the chemical compositions of neutral and acidic mine tailings at the abandoned stibnite deposits, Dúbrava and Poproč in Slovakia. We hope that this issue will provide you with an insight into the beauty and diversity of supergene mineralogy. We are convinced that such a selection of interesting shorter papers may be more appealing than a series of voluminous reviews. We would like to express our deep gratitude to all the authors who contributed to this thematic set. We are also indebted to the reviewers who offered their time and effort to improve each paper and thus the overall quality of the issue. Thank you!


The detection of truthful information amid data provided by online social media platforms (e.g., Twitter, Facebook, Instagram) is a critical task in the trend of big data. Truth Discovery is nothing but the extraction of true information or facts from unwanted and raw data, which has become a difficult task nowadays in today's day and age due to the rampant spread of rumors and false information. Before posting anything on the social media platform, people do not consider fact-checking and the source authenticity and frantically spread them by re-posting them which has made the detection of truthful claims more difficult than ever. So, this problem needs to be addressed soon since the impact of false information and misunderstanding can be very powerful and misleading. This mission, truth discovery, is targeted at establishing the authenticity of the sources and therefore the truthfulness of the statements that they create without knowing whether it is true or not. We propose a Big Data Truth Discovery Scheme (BDTD) to overcome the major problems. We have three major problems, the main one being "False information spread" where a large number of sources lead to false or fake statements, making it difficult to distinguish true statements, now this problem is solved by our scheme by studying the various behaviors of sources. On Twitter for example rumormongering is common. The second problem is "lack of claims" where most outlets contribute only a tiny small number of claims, giving very few pieces of evidence and making it not sufficient to analyze the trustworthiness of such sources, this problem is addressed by our scheme where it uses an algorithm that evaluates the claim's truthfulness and historic contributions of the source regarding the claim. Thirdly the scalability challenge, due to the clustered design of their existing truth discovery algorithms, many existing approaches don't apply to Big-scale social media sensing cases so this challenge is managed by our scheme by making use of frameworks HTCondor and Work Queue. This scheme computes both the reliability of the sources and, ultimately, the legitimacy of statements using a novel approach. A distributed structure is also developed for the implementation of the proposed scheme by making use of the Work Queue (platform) in the HTCondor method (maybe distributed). Findings of the test on a real-world dataset indicate that the BDTD system greatly outperforms the existing methods of Discovery of Truth both in terms of performance and efficiency.


This chapter introduces an early warning system for SMEs (SEWS) as a financial risk detector which is based on data mining. In this study, the objective is to compose a system in which qualitative and quantitative data about the requirements of enterprises are taken into consideration, during the development of an early warning system. Furthermore, during the formation of system; an easy to understand, easy to interpret and easy to apply utilitarian model that is far from the requirement of theoretical background is targeted by the discovery of the implicit relationships between the data and the identification of effect level of every factor. Using the system, SME managers could easily reach financial management, risk management knowledge without any prior knowledge and expertise. In other words, experts share their knowledge with the help of data mining based and automated EWS.


Established marriage may not valid, however, valid marriage is certainly established. When established marriage lacks important document which is legal and valid, it will be declared no longer valid or will be cancelled by law. Invalid marriage and marriage which can be cancelled have something alike as well as something different,and how to distingwish them involves in a series of social problems. Although the new Marriage Law of our country has a breackthrough in regulating the above two illegal marriage,it still has defects to consummate.


Dear Editor, Ambulatory surgery has several advantages, such as diminishing the patients' burden, shortening the hospital stay, improving the bed turnover rate, and reducing the rate of nosocomial infection. However, the accompanying issues are inevitably highlighted in the implementation of ambulatory surgery. First, the lack of effective preoperative education and preparation of patients must be seriously taken into account, as both play a pivotal role in the surgical process and contribute to a higher rate of surgery cancellations. Moreover, proper management of discharged patients following ambulatory surgery increases the bed turnover rate. The WeChat applet is a revolutionary yet simple application that does not require download or installation. It improves interpersonal communication between medical surgeons and patients and makes remote management more flexible and convenient. Here, we describe the development of theWeChat applet by the Ambulatory Surgery Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Fig. 1).


Objective To analyze ANKRD18 B gene methylation and expression in colorectal cancer.Methods Methylation specific PCR was used to detect the DNA methylation of ANKRD18 B gene. The RT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of ANKRD18 B gene in tumor cells with 5-aza-dC-treated treatment. Results The hypermethylation of ANKRD18 B was detected in colorectal cancer tissues(59%,24/41) and(0%,0/20) in normal tissues. ANKRD18 B showed hypermethylation and its expression decreased in colon cancer cell line SW480 and HT29. After treatment with demethylation drug,the expression of ANKRD18 B gene increased. Conclusion ANKRD18 B gene hypermethylated,which inhibited the expression of the gene in colorectal cancer. ANKRD18 B gene methylation may play an important role in colorectal cancer.


A theoretical investigation was performed to determine the structural response of a fiber composite airfoil typical of those encountered in high-tip speed compressor fan blades when subjected to load conditions anticipated in such applications. The analysis method consisted of composite mechanics embedded in pre- and post-processors coupled with NASTRAN. The load conditions examined include thermal due to aerodynamic heating, pressure due to aerodynamic forces, and centrifugal. Root reactions due to various load conditions, average composite and ply stresses, ply delaminations, and the fundamental modes and the corresponding reactions were investigated. The results show that the thermal and pressure stresses are negligible compared to those caused by the centrifugal forces. The core-shell concept for composite blades is an inefficient design and is sensitive to interply delaminations. The results are presented in graphical and tabular forms to illustrate the types and amount of data required for the analysis, and to provide quantitative data associated with the various responses which can be helpful in designing composite blades.


As part of the wider doctoral research "Reforming the intelligence sector through academic education. Implications for the military higher education", the paper focuses on the lack of intelligence education as a threat to the national security and also on the Intelligence - University nexus as a critical part of todays Knowledge Society and of the Bologna process to create the EHEA by making academic degree standardsq the preminence of intelligence and security issues in political discourse as well as at the level of public opinion. A key-issue of the paper is about the research and institutional efforts to be made in order to 1.describe the conceptual framework in which intelligence will be studied, considering that Intelligence Studies can support a considerable number of diverse subject areas, and can be accurately described as interdisciplinary; 2.identify the beneficiaries and the potential educational bidders; 3.validate the Intelligence Studies as a new qualification by the ACPART (National authority for establishing and regularly updating the national framework for higher education qualifications).


Brief Strategic/Structural Family Therapy was implemented as an indicated prevention intervention to reduce the likelihood that African American and Hispanic youth initiated drug use. The intervention was designed to impact two important risk factors for initiation, namely behavior problems and poor family functioning. One hundred twenty-two youth, 12–14 years of age and exhibiting behavior problems, were assigned within a basic one-group pretest/posttest/follow-up design.

The first important finding was that the prevention intervention was effective in significantly modifying both high-risk factors, reducing behavior problems [F(2, 120) × 32.92; p < .000] and improving family functioning [F(1, 121) × 41.8; p < .000]. A second important finding was that both high-risk variables targeted were statistically significant predictors of initiation nine months later. A third important finding was that for a small subset of youth who entered the program already using, overall use was significantly decreased [t(22) × 2.11, p < .05]. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Background: One strategy for managing recurrent uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) is prevention. This study tested OM-89S, a lyophilized lysate of 18 Escherichia coli strains manufactured using a modified lytic process. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind trial in 451 female subjects with recurrent uncomplicated UTIs. Period 1 of the study tested 6 mg of OM-89S versus placebo (3 months), plus a 3-month observation. Period 2 of the study was a 3-month treatment period (each monthly cycle consisted of 6 mg of OM-89S daily for 10 days and placebo for 20 days, vs. 50 mg nitrofurantoin daily for 30 days), plus a 3-month observation. Results: There was no difference in the mean rate of UTI episodes between the OM-89S (0.66 ± 0.93) and placebo groups (0.63 ± 0.86; p = 0.95) in period 1. Similar findings were obtained for period 2. OM-89S was well-tolerated. Conclusions: Our results did not demonstrate a preventive effect of OM-89S compared to placebo. This may be due to the low number of UTIs that occurred during the study, the high number of protocol violations, and/or the modified manufacturing process used for OM-89S.


Conformational energy calculations were carried out on the molecule, somatostatin. This cyclic tetradecapeptide, first isolated from sheep and pig hypothalami, was shown to inhibit the release of growth hormone. Its sequence was determined to be NH2-Ala-Gly-Cys-Lys-Asn-Phe-Phe-Trp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Cys-COOH. Using a set of known conformational preferences for the individual amino acids and the condition that the disulfide bond must be closed, ∼106 randomly selected structures were generated, and those which closed the disulfide (i.e., to ∼5.5 A S—S distance or less) were retained. The remaining ∼104 conformers were then examined by creating a multiplicative probability algorithm, which predicted conformers with excluded volume interactions, thus allowing the exclusion of many impossible conformations. The resulting set of ∼3000 allowed conformers were then treated by various stages of energy minimization, allowing only dihedral angles as variables, and a final set of ∼30 conformers of low energy resulted. The five lowest-energy conformations are shown.


The well-known Amati and Yonetoku relations in gamma-ray bursts show strong correlations between the rest-frame νfν spectrum peak energy, Ep,i, and the isotropic energy, Eiso, as well as isotropic peak luminosity, Liso. Recently, Peng et al. showed that the cosmological rest-frame spectral widths are also correlated with Eiso and with Liso. In this paper, we select a sample including 141 BEST time-integrated F spectra and 145 BEST peak flux P spectra observed by Konus–Wind with known redshift to recheck the connection between the spectral width and Eiso as well as Liso. We define six types of absolute spectral widths as the differences between the upper (E2) and lower energy bounds (E1) of the full width at 50%, 75%, 85%, 90%, 95%, and 99% of maximum of the EFE versus E spectra. It is found that all of the rest-frame absolute spectral widths are strongly positively correlated with Eiso as well as Liso for the long burst for both the F and P spectra. All of the short bursts are outliers for the width–Eiso relation, and most of the short bursts are consistent with the long bursts for the width–Liso relation for both F and P spectra. Moreover, all of the location energies, E2 and E1, corresponding to various spectral widths, are also positively correlated with Eiso as well as Liso. We compare all of the relations with the Amati and Yonetoku relations and find that the width–Eiso and width–Liso relations, when the widths are at about 90% maximum of the EFE spectra, almost overlap with the Amati relation and the Yonetoku relation, respectively. The correlations of E2 − Eiso, E1 − Eiso and E2 − Liso, E1 − Liso when the location energies are at 99% of maximum of the EFE spectra are very close to the Amati and Yonetoku relations, respectively. Therefore, we confirm the existence of tight width–Eiso and width–Liso relations for long bursts. We further show that the spectral shape is indeed related to Eiso and Liso. The Amati and Yonetoku relations are not necessarily the best relationships for relating the energy to the Eiso and Liso. They may be special cases of the width–Eiso and width–Liso relations or the energy–Eiso and energy–Liso relations.


Cervical spinal cord stimulation (cSCS) is an accepted therapeutic option for radicular upper extremity pain and less commonly for cervical axial pain despite less available literature in comparison with lumbar and lower extremity applications.


As a model for natural convection in the Earth's upper crust, we discuss the flow in a porous tilted layer of infinite extent in an impermeable surrounding of different thermal conductivity across which a vertical temperature gradient acts. We calculate the basic nonlinear flow solution; it is a large-scale along-slope flow with zero mean flow. Two important geophysical consequences are discussed: (a) the transport of passive tracers by applying Taylor's theory of dispersion to our system, and (b) diagenetic changes of the porous matrix


Almost all countries in the Balkan area are the multicultural samples with their heterogenic mosaic. This heterogeneity has become the reason of social togetherness and economical development in its history. According to old-fashion scholars economic development is the reason of socio-cultural togetherness; but the fact is, socio-cultural and political integrity is the reason of economic development. Then the economic development with the socio-cultural integrity brings welfare and regional peace. If this hypothesis is right, Balkans has the core value for the economic development, welfare and social togetherness and also EUs multicultural purpose.


The utility of remote sensing techniques to urban data acquisition problems in several distinct areas was identified. This endeavor included a comparison of remote sensing systems for urban data collection, the extraction of housing quality data from aerial photography, utilization of photographic sensors in urban transportation studies, urban change detection, space photography utilization, and an application of remote sensing techniques to the acquisition of data concerning intra-urban commercial centers. The systematic evaluation of variable extraction for urban modeling and planning at several different scales, and the model derivation for identifying and predicting economic growth and change within a regional system of cities are also studied.


Introduction: The role of the immune and inflammatory pathways in coronary artery disease (CAD) is important but not complete understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate expressions of the interleukins 17th and 22th in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Hypothesis: Interleukins 17th and 22th are not increased in stable CAD. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, prospective, analytical study, conducted from August to December 2012. We included 40 patients (P) with stable CAD, CCS III or IV, ischemic myocardial scintigraphy, who had not been subjected to any kind of myocardial revascularization and with coronary stenosis equal or major than 50% according to current coronary angiography. There were 20 healthy volunteers (C), to take up comparison of expression of interleukins (IL). We evaluated the levels of IL 17th and 22th of the patients and controls. Interleukins were evaluated in serum of patients and after 48 hours of cells in culture with and without stimulus. IL concentrations were expressed in pg / ml. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney or Student t test. P ≤ 0,05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 26 men and 14 women in the group of the patients and 12 men and 8 women in the controls. The age was similar between the groups (63.2 ± 8.9 years vs 57.9 ± 9.4, p = ns). The comparison between the groups showed: Interleukin 17th: Serum: P = 3.9 (972.2 -- 2.93) vs C = 3.90 (28.8 -- 1.74), p = 0.5; culture 48 hours without stimulus: P = 3.90 (3.90 -- 3.90) vs C = 6.37 (3.90 - 11), p = 0.8; culture 48 hours with stimulus: P = 302.42 (2200 -- 3.90) vs C = 815 (1353 -- 3.90), p = 0.06. Interleukin 22th: Serum: P = 15.62 (64.72 -- 15.62) vs C = 15.62 (121 -- 15.62), p = 0.2; Culture 48 hours without stimulus: P = 11 (128.93 -- 7.81) vs C = 7.81 (7.81 -- 7.81), P = 0.8; Culture 48 hours with stimulus: P = 135 (2486.7 -- 7, 81) vs C = 322.86 (1319.11 -- 7.81), p = 0.4. Conclusions: There were no differences in concentrations of interleukins, but the trend of higher expression of the IL 17th in the controls after cell culture with stimulus. In conclusion, in patients with stable CAD the interleukins 17th and 22th did not exhibit increased concentrations.


I had met a most sophisticated group of Therapists and therapists-in-training when in New York, at the post graduate Medical School, thanks to the kindness of Mrs. Asa Kadis and her colleagues. Nevertheless, I experienced something of the feeling John Keats attributes to Stout Cortez on first looking into Chapman's Homer while at the Symposium. I have yet to follow up many of the new avenues and ideas that derive from