Simple Summary Laryngopharyngectomy is still the treatment of choice in locally advanced pharyngolaryngeal tumors not eligible for organ preservation protocols. Loss of speech capacity has been reported as one of the factors that most affect the patient-reported quality of life. Thus, the reconstructive goals are restoring the pharynx and possibly the voice in such a scenario. For decades, tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) has allowed proper voice rehabilitation; however, TEP has a non-neglectable financial expenditure and complication rate. Therefore, we recently reported a novel flap design and surgical technique that shares the same principles of TEP, without the need to change any device over time, named J-flap. This study aimed to analyze both techniques' subjective and objective vocal outcomes and their impact on overall and voice-related quality of life. Abstract Background: Tracheoesophageal puncture with a voice prosthesis is the gold standard for speech rehabilitation in patients that receive a laryngopharyngectomy. However, a novel surgical technique, using a tubularized anterolateral tight flap, named "J-flap," has been demonstrated to produce adequate voice restoration. We aimed to compare the outcomes and the quality of life of patients who underwent voice rehabilitation with both techniques. Methods: We enrolled patients that underwent laryngopharyngectomy and voice restoration surgery. The control group received a tracheoesophageal puncture with a voice prosthesis, while the study group received J-flap reconstruction. A total of 20 patients received voice prosthesis rehabilitation, while 18 received J-flap reconstruction. Speech and vocal outcomes and quality of life metrics were collected. Results: The objective phonatory performances and the acoustic voice analysis did not outline a significant difference. Speech pathologists judged the consonant pronunciation in the J-flap group as less accurate (p < 0.001). The voice handicap index revealed a moderate impairment for the J-flap group (p < 0.001). Quality of life scores were higher for the voice prosthesis group. Conclusion: Voice prostheses and J-flaps share similar objective phonatory outcomes. Quality of life was more impaired in the J-flap group. In our view, these two techniques possess complementary characteristics in clinical practice, taking into account health care system regulations and patients' social background.


It is of the great meanings that natural gas is used as automobile substitute fuel for improving the status about shortage of the petrol resource and the pollution of the auto exhaust. Compared with the Compressed Natural Gas(CNG), Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has the advantages of higher energy intensity, longer running mileage and the lighter of low temperature store liquid pot than high pressure steel bottle. So it is more suited to be used as auto fuel. In addition, LNG in cryogenic situation of 110K has plenty of cold energy. The cold energy recovered is used in auto air conditioning, which has both great economy and environmental protection benefit for greatly decreasing power consuming and destruction to ozonosphere. LNGV will has wide development prospects in our country with the production, fill and finish irritating, measure auxiliary facility gradual perfection of liquefied natural gas and the development of low temperature liquid storage and transportation technology. cold energy recovering, LNGV, fuel, automobile air conditioning


There is a need to prepare new leaders in Career and Technical Education due to retirements and because the job demands have changed over the years. In order to verify the curriculum for leadership development programs, a study was conducted to measure the importance and frequency of job tasks performed by Career Preparation System administrators in the state of Michigan. A mailed survey based on a previous Developing a Curriculum (DACUM) study generated a 72% response rate. The analysis illustrates the job priorities and time commitments of these leaders. Significant differences were observed in the perceptions among administrators from various types of organizations. A relationship between the frequency and importance of job tasks was also revealed. The results of the study support the need for structured leadership development programs for Career and Technical Education administrators. Julia VanderMolen is the Director of Online Instruction at Davenport University. She can be reached at email@example.com. Richard Zinser is an Associate Professor, CTE at Western Michigan University. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com


We present analytical results and computer simulations of the nonlinear evolution of wake field waves in inhomogeneous plasmas. The wake wave break that occurs due to the inhomogeneity of the Langmuir frequency makes it possible to inject electrons into the acceleration phase of the wave. Particle-in-cell simulations show that stable beams of energetic electrons are formed. These beams are well bunched in coordinate and velocity space and contain a considerable fraction of the pulse energy


On 17 of December 2010 a package of legislation specific to the media was enacted in Luxembourg. In addition to the modifications made to the Law on Electronic Media (see IRIS 2011-2/31) which transposes the EU Audiovisual Media Services (AVMS) Directive, several regulations have been amended in parallel (see IRIS 2011-4/29). The amendments principally aim at bringing the executing regulations into line with the new version of the Electronic Media Law of 2010 (see IRIS 2011-2/31). The two regulations on the promotion of European works and on commercial communication have, however, been changed substantially.


The LV cabinets of Laoshan Velodrome Project are characterized by upper cables outgoing,which are arranged between two layers of 1 000 mm ×200 mm bridging structure. The loop of the outgoing cables is complex, the cable in the upper layer of the bridging structure and that in the lower layer enter the same LV cabinet, and especially 90 % of the electrical loads of Laoshan Velodrome is concentrated in 1AA1 ~ 1AA7 and 2AA1 ~ 2AA7 LV cabinets, so hundreds of power supply cables are required. The design of two-layer power distribution bridging structure is unable to realize reasonable installation of the cables staggered up and down.Through independent innovation and program planning, a cable distribution box is designed to arrange on the cabinet top to effectively solve various problems caused by upper cables outgoing of LV cabinets and guarantee the installation quality and appearance effect.


From a user perspective, both security and power consumption during video transmissions are critical. On the one hand, assuming an eavesdropper on the wireless link, the transmitted video should be encrypted so that an unauthorized user is not able to reconstruct it. On the other hand, depending on the strength and the type of cryptographic method used during information exchange, there is a corresponding power consumption overhead. Since encryption protocols are oblivious to the wireless channel conditions, all packets are encrypted regardless of the probability of them getting lost. However, if the application layer protocol received feedback from the link layer on the channel losses between the sender and the receiver, the protocol could decide how much encryption effort is actually needed so that the eavesdropper cannot reconstruct the video clip successfully. To an eavesdropper, packets lost due to interference or encrypted packets do not make any difference; both are invisible to the passive attacker. In this paper, we use a mathematical framework to quantify the effect of lost and encrypted packets on video quality (PSNR), and we design an algorithm that allows the application layer to adjust the amount of encryption performed depending on the channel's signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR).


JAN LEBENSTEIN AND GALERIE LAMBERT IN 1959. THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE FIRST EXHIBITION In 1959, Jan Lebenstein, a distinguished painter had his first two exhibitions in Paris. The featured correspondence between the painter, Galerie Lambert in Paris, Kazimierz Romanowicz and Konstanty A. Jelenski sheds light on the circumstances of those exhibitions and the problems faced by Polish visual artists during the Cold War.


Introduction: Post-Partum haemorrhage accounts for a quarter of maternal mortality all over the world. In 2017 atonic haemorrhage was the cause for more than 38000 maternal death among which >90% happened in (LMIC's) low and middle income countries. In low resource countries PPH is the foremost, 30%, cause of maternal mortality. Thus we are in a need to develop cheap and economically feasible method for PPH management. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective intervention study to evaluate the effectiveness of condom catheter balloon tamponade in atonic PPH management and its efficacy to reduce the need for surgical intervention. Condom balloon tamponade kit assembled with reference to C-G Balloon and inserted into the uterine cavity when atonic PPH becomes refractory to medical management. Observation & Results: In this study, out of 41 mothers with atonic PPH, success rate of condom balloon tamponade was 76.9% without any need for surgical intervention. In the remaining 23.1%, 7.7% needed hysterectomy. In all the failed patients, hysterectomy was required in 75% to control the haemorrhage and this was found to be statistically significant (Pearson's chi- square test was used p < 0.05). Discussion: The effectiveness of condom tamponade in reducing the need for invasive procedures like compression sutures, uterine artery ligation and hysterectomy was proved in 89.7% of patients with PPH. All the 4 Patients in whom tamponade failed to achieve haemostasis underwent caesarean section and developed intra operative atonic haemorrhage. We observed that uterine atonicity developing intra-operatively during caesarean section highly required invasive surgical intervention like compression sutures and hysterectomy as heamostasis was not achieved with condom balloon tamponade. Conclusion: The results of our study was comparable to that conducted by Condous GS et al . Who evaluated the efficacy of tamponade test in the management of massive PPH in 16 patients. The timely usage of condom catheter balloon tamponade decreased the mortality rate and also the morbidity following surgical intervention and anaesthetic complications in atonic PPH patients.


Central motor conduction to small hand muscles was measured using magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex and electrical stimulation of proximal motor roots in 11 patients with Friedreich's ataxia, 10 patients with early onset cerebellar ataxia with retained tendon reflexes (EOCA) and 13 patients with late onset degenerative cerebellar disease (LOCD). Central motor conduction was abnormal in 91% with Friedreich's ataxia, 70% with EOCA and 38% with LOCD. Central motor conduction abnormalities were not specific to individual disorders but were more severe and were related to disease duration in Friedreich's ataxia and EOCA.


The following aspects of cricket injury surveillance by Cricket Australia are presented: injury exposure calculation, injury incidence, injury prevalence, age as a risk factor for injuries, lumbar stress fracture, side strain injuries in bowlers, preventable non-bowler injuries, bowling injury risk, comparison with other surveys. (non- author abstract)


Original Research Article Multidrug-resistance is a major problem in the treatment of enteric fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi/Paratyphi and is prevalent in parts of Asia and Africa. Reduced susceptibility/resistance to fluoroquinolones is highly prevalent, and sporadic cases of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins has also been reported in literature. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the magnitude of fllouroquinolone resistance and emergence of Ceftriaxone resistance among Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi/ Paratyphi A isolates, from a tertiary care hospital of North India. A total of 537 S. enterica isolates were obtained; 359 isolates (66.8%) were identified as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and 178 (33.2%) were identified as Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A. Apprximately, 59% and 100% of the S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A isolates, respectively were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Interpretation and conclusions: The incidence of S. enterica serovar Typhi and S. enterica serovar Paratyphi A isolates with resistance or decreased flouroquinolone susceptibility is very high. 1.7% of S typhi and 1.1% of S paratyhi A isolates were found resistant to ceftriaxone with an MIC of ≥64 μg/ml. The emergence of ceftriaxone resistant S. enterica strains needs prompt action in terms of control of the disease and further spread of the resistant strains.


Species invasion is considered as a main factor impacting the marine biodiversity (CBD, 2008). A comprehensive review of species invasion along the French Atlantic coastline is carried out to assess the present status and side effects resulting from those invasions. Vectors of introduction concerning voluntarily and involuntarily, legal & illegal case studies are reviewed to provide baseline information relating invasion success and potential control. Historical case studies regarding shellfish aquaculture-fisheries development and impacts of exotic diseases (e.g., Bonamia ostreae) as well as hitchhikers (e.g., Rapana venosa) are discussed. Among at least 150 reported exotic species, around 10 species have highly significant side-effects on the ecosystem functioning and on human commercial and recreational activities. In contrast, several economic activities including shellfish farming and fisheries are mainly based upon the use of exotic species (e.g. Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas, Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum), therefore providing business opportunities to farmers and fishermen in rural areas. Several species, including the slipper limpet Crepidula fornicata, the Pacific cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas have prompted the decision makers and the private sector to develop management practices to address invasion and sustainable development issues. Several technical options have been tested including manual hand picking, mechanical harvest and destruction, with more or less success and potential additional side effects. Their efficiency is also highly dependant on the invasion timing and species distribution. Appropriate spatial and temporal planning is a keystone for efficiency and success to limit invasion side effects, whereas the species eradication is not an option. Various options have been developed to assess potential added value from byproducts and refuse with limited success...


The graphite solar thermal storage system composed of Steps 1–4 (Rotating-Reactive-Ceramics-reactor, RRC-reactor, is used in Steps 1,2,3, and Graphite Thermal Storage tank, GTS-tank, is applied for Steps 3,4,5; Step 3 is the interface-process taking place between the surfaces of RRC-reactor and GTS-tank.) has been studied using computer simulation of COMSOL. During a rapid heating of reactive ceramics in RRC-reactor by irradiation of a high flux concentrated solar beam to around 1800K, the beam energy is directly absorbed by formation of an excess amount of the Frenkel defect in nonequilibrium state of the reactive ceramics without releasing the O2 gas (Step 1; beam energy absorption step). When the temperature reaches around 1800K, the O2 releasing reaction takes place and the reactive ceramics is reduced (Step 2; O2 releasing step). By rotating the RRC-reactor, the surface of reduced reactive ceramics comes to closely face to the surface of the top of GTS-tank. By introducing O2 gas into the space between the two surfaces, the reduced ceramics can be oxidized. The calorification energy produced by the oxidation can be transferred to GTS-tank through its surface. (Step 3; calorification and heat transfer step). The heat is successively transferred and stored in GTS-tank by continuous rotation of RRC-reactor (Sep 4; storage step). The high flux of the concentrated solar beam in the Beam-down concentration system can be averaged in the range of 800–1500kW/m2 in Step 3 by the present process. The computer simulation study showed that it is possible to operate the molten salt heat circulation systems for the GTS-tank at the inlet and outlet temperature of 827K and 1173K, respectively.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


heat release is quantifed using flame transfer functions. The excitation of inlet and dilution flows leads to signifcant unsteady combustion and the implications for self-excited oscillations are considered. The numerical results are then compared to a low-order model which is developed to account for the dierent physical mechanisms responsible for unsteady heat release when the inlet and dilution port air mass flow rates are perturbed. The low-order model is used to predict the possibility of self-excited oscillations as well as to investigate the potential of altering the phase and relative magnitude of the inlet and dilution port excitation as a possible means of controlling thermoacoustic oscillations.


We give a short introduction to the methods of representing polynomial and trigonometric series that are often used in Celestial Mechanics. A few applications are also illustrated.


The influence of CaO additive on the emission characteristics of PM<inf>2.5</inf> (particulates with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5µm) was studied with a tube furnace. The combustion tests were carried out at 1123K under O<inf>2</inf>/CO<inf>2</inf> atmosphere. The PM<inf>2.5</inf> generated from coal combustion was collected and analyzed with an Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). The results indicate that CaO is an important factor for the formation of PM<inf>2.5</inf> during coal combustion under O<inf>2</inf>/CO<inf>2</inf> atmosphere. The number and mass concentrations of PM1 diminish, but the number and mass concentrations of PM<inf>1–2.5</inf> enhance slightly after CaO is added. The size distributions of PM<inf>2.5</inf> are similar, which display two peaks around 0.2µm and 2.0µm, respectively. With increasing the additive weight ratio of CaO, the concentrations of S, Pb, Cu, Na and K decrease. The submicron-size ash particles smaller than 0.317µm are formed via nucleation of vaporized ash components, and the supermicron-size ash particles are formed by coagulation and coalescence of the submicron-size ash, and fragmentation and coalescence of mineral matter.


In the aluminum electrolysis control system,The slot controllor whether circulate stabilize or not direct influence arrive the whole system run form effect of good and bad.The present stage slot control the CPU type of system main have PLC,Single CPU structure and many CPU structure.In the production the fulfillment,above-mentioned few CPU structure be regardless still all each to have special features in the function on the structure.This text discuss a point the EX CPU plank of the PC104-386 in the production the fulfillment of application effect.


Integrating Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and Micro-Grid (MG) into a system evolved the traditional power system. In spite of their significant advantages, MGs may result in volatility and uncertainty in the power systems. For reliable operation of the grid, energy trading among MGs should be optimized to maintain a fair trading price, maximize participants' profit, and satisfy network constraints. In this paper, the optimal power trading among multiple reconfigurable MGs is formulated as a Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) considering all energy resources and their dynamic prices. In spite of the other methods in the literature, the proposed method minimizes the total cost (increase sales and decrease purchases) and transmission loss considering all energy resources in the MGs. In order to flatten the load profile, a time-based load profile is considered for the demand response program. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated on an IEEE 6-bus network as well as a modified IEEE 33-bus test system. The results verify that the proposed method, (i) determines the best configuration among MGs with a switching reduction of about 30%, (ii) optimizes the power generation of energy resources with 12% reduction in energy production, and (iii) optimizes the power trading costs with a 10% reduction in costs compared with the basic model without DR and trade that is introduced as $Scen.1$ in this paper.


: In recent years, the w ater resources of Luanhe River Basin have changed signif-i cantly w ith a sharp decr ease of runoff flow ing into the Panjiakou Reservoir w hich may affect the w ater supply management of the w ater tr ansfer project from Luanhe River into Tianjin city (cid:1) So in this paper, auto-r egressed method and moving average method w ere a-dopted to r esearch the variation tr end of the annual runoff reservoir inflow (cid:1) The results show that the annual r unoff presented a periodicity and a gener al decr easing trend on a long time series from 1956 to 2003, especially from the 1990s, the annual runoff decreased obviously (cid:1) T o seek the factor s that affect the annual runoff, precipitation, w ater consumption and the under lying surface w ere analyzed (cid:1) We found that the annual precipitation just changed slightly (cid:1) Although the w ater consumption increases each year, it only occu-pies a small pr oportion of the runoff reduction (cid:1) T o quantify the impact of precipitation factor and human activity factor on runoff change, the method is derived based on the rela-tionship betw een precipitation and runoff (cid:1) We calculated the impacts of precipitation and non-pr ecipitation factors on runoff change and found the contribution rate of non-pr ecipitation is the main cause for runoff reduction, w hich means land cover change plays an impor-tant role in runoff reduction w ith a contr ibution rate to runoff change exceeding 70% (cid:1) From the rainfall runoff correlation, the conclusion can be draw n that the runoff gener a-tion depth w as lower after the 1980s than that before the 1980s under the same annual pr ecipitation regime (cid:1) It w as also discovered that the decadal r unoff change w as affected great-ly by the precipitation amount, but as to the general decreasing trend the precipitation's contribution is only about 7% ; and the increasing w ater consumption is not the main influencing factor to the decadal mutative runoff but to the general decr easing trend its contr-i bution is about 23% (cid:1) The evapotransporation is a fuzzy factor influencing the runoff (cid:1) T he observed pan evaporation can not represent the actual evapotransporation, so it must be studied further (cid:1) The results w ill have some r efer ence values to the programming of Luanhe and the utilization of w ater resource transferred


Recently, Weiner and Hood (Science 190:987989, 1975) reported the use of an acid hydrolysis procedure in the study of the aspartic acid linkages of the soluble protein of the organic matrix of mollusk shells. Peptide bonds on both sides of aspartic acid residues have been shown to be particularly labile to hydrolysis by dilute acetic or hydrochloric acids (SCHULTZ et al, Biochemistry 1:694-698, 1962; LEACH, in Proc. Internat. Wool Textile Res. Conf., Pt I, CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia, p. C185, 1955). By following the release of aspartic acid and other amino acids, particularly serine and glycine, these workers were able to conclude that the repeating sequence (ASP-Y) is a common occurrence in mollusk shell proteins. This report deals with the application of this dilute acid hydrolysis to a very similar protein derived from bovine dentin matrix. Phosphoprotein was isolated from unerupted bovine molars by EDTA extraction and separation on hydroxyapatite columns (NAWROT et al, Biochemistry 15:3445-3449, 1976). This protein has been shown to contain 7% phosphorus with 34 of its amino acids as serine and aspartic acid. The liberation of aspartic acid and other amino acids by 0.25 M acetic acid in vacuo at 110 C was followed using the amino acid analyzer. The figure gives the results at various time intervals from 18-120 hours for the release of aspartic acid, serine, and all amino acids. At 120 hours, 47% of all possible amino acid residues were released. Aspartic acid and serine residues combined made up 90% of the residues which were released after 120 hours. Based on the aspartic acid content of the protein estimated by complete acid hydrolysis in HCl X 4.6 x 10-1 pmole'mg', the acetic acid released 80% of the total aspartic acid. Only small amounts of other amino acids (< 2 X 10-2 jzmolemg-1) were released during this time. In order to account for the release of serine and amino acids other than aspartic acid, approximately half of the total aspartic acid must occur in sequences of the type (ASP-Y)n, where


1. CVI-ChNL 74·3, a dendritic cell-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) also identifies chicken lung granular pneumocytes (type II pneumocytes), which produce surfactant. 2. The 74·3 mAb does not cross-react with any other avian or mammalian granular pneumocyte, and provides a convenient tool for monitoring the status of type II pneumocytes in the chicken lung.


The purpose of this paper is to examine Field's (1989) proposition in a multisector general equilibrium model with imperfect capital mobility. The effects of different fiscal policies on the equilibrium rate of urban unemployment are also examined. The main findings are (i) more efficient on-the-job search from the rural sector raises equilibrium urban unemployment rate whereas (ii) increased job search efficiency from the urban informal sector lowers this rate. Aditionally, (iii) urban price subsidy policy lowers the equilibrium urban unemployment rate, and (iv) rural subsidy policy raises this rate.


【Objective】To explore the pathogenic factors,treatement methods and effects of severe intracranial infection of patients with neurosurgical disease. 【Methods】The clinical data of 125 patients with serious intracranial infection was analyzed,who were treated with antiseptic treatment,intrathecal jnjection,lumbar cisterna drainage and cerebral ventricle underscouring.【Results】125 patients were cured and 9 patients died. According to GOS score,61 patients were recovered well,39 patients moderately disabled,11 patients severely disabled and 5 patients were vegetative state.【Conclusion】Patients with serious intracranial infection can obtained better outcome after antiseptic treatment,intrathecal injection,lumbar cisterna drainage and cerebral ventricle underscouring were performed,can distinctly reduce mortality and deformity rate,and improve patients' surviving and living ability.


The Gaussian function is essential in the construction of the Frangi and COSFIRE (combination of shifted filter responses) filters. The connection of the broken vessels and an accurate extraction of the vascular structure is the main goal of this study. Thus, the outcome of the Frangi and COSFIRE edge detection algorithms are fused using the Dempster-Shafer algorithm with the aim to improve detection and to enhance the retinal vascular structure. For objective results, the average diameters of the retinal vessels provided by Frangi, COSFIRE and Dempster-Shafer fusion algorithms are measured. These experimental values are compared to the ground truth values provided by manually segmented retinal images. We prove the superiority of the fusion algorithm in terms of image quality by using the figure of merit objective metric that correlates the effects of all post-processing techniques.


Digital superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) based on single-flux quantum (SFQ) logic have attractive characteristics such as wide dynamic ranges and high slew rates. However, the resolution of a typical digital SQUID is limited by SFQ feedback. To realize lower magnetic field noise by magnetometers using digital SQUIDs, we have adopted two feedback combinations: one, utilizing the SFQ input/output for a main loop and the other, using a mutually coupled loop. The main loop receives direct Φ0 feedback and subflux quantum feedback Φ0/n, where n is an integer from the mutually coupled loop. The flux resolution for the digital SQUID shows improvement with increasing n and reaches below 40 mΦ0 at n = 210; however, the slew rate decreases with increasing n and reaches 1.22 × 106 Φ0/s at fc = 1.25 GHz and n = 210. For a magnetometer using a digital SQUID with a pickup loop, we confirmed a magnetic field noise of less than 100 fT/√Hz with a signal bandwidth of 1 MHz for operation frequency fc of 20 GHz.


OBJECTIVE: To establish an HPLC-ELSD method for the determination of glucose in levofloxacin mesylate/glucose injection(LMGI).METHODS: The samples were determined by HPLC-ELSD on shim-pack VP-ODS column using ammonium acetate solution(adjusted to pH4.0 with acetic acid glacial)-acetonitrile(gradient elution) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.7 mL·min-1.The injection volume was 10 μL.The ELSD conditions were as follows: pressure of N2=35 PSI;drift temperature=80 ℃;spray temperature=48 ℃;attenuation Gain=10.RESULTS: The linear range of glucose was 49~148 μg(r=0.999 8) and the average recovery rate was 100.18%(RSD=0.61%).CONCLUSIONS: The method is accurate,specific and applicable for the determination of glucose in LMGI.


Originally published in Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 875–877, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2747, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23703


Thyroid disorders are most common and prevalent conditions in India, incidence being 42 million. Thyroid hormones are central regulator of body's haemodynamics, thermoregulation and metabolism. They also determine the mineral pool in the blood. The aim of the study was to study Serum calcium, magnesium and phosphorous levels in patients with thyroid disorders. In this study we included 30 diagnosed cases of Hypothyroidism, 30 diagnosed cases of Hyperthyroidism and 30 healthy controls in the similar age group from whom 3 ml of blood was drawn under aseptic precautions to measure Serum calcium, magnesium and phosphorous levels by spectrophotometry method. Serum Ca 2+ and PO -4 levels were significantly elevated in hyperthyroid and significantly decreased in hypothyroid patients compared to healthy controls. Serum Mg 2+ level was significantly decreased in hyperthyroid and significantly elevated in hypothyroid patients compared to healthy controls. There was a significant negative correlation between serum TSH and Ca 2+ level. The study indicates the profound influence of thyroid hormone on mineral metabolism. A patient with thyroid disorder may also manifest the symptoms that reflect altered mineral levels. Hence it is necessary to evaluate the serum levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphorous in patients with thyroid disorder in order to prevent further bone complications.


I wish my lane was bordered by hedgerows, Berries ripe, red, bright enough for birds To see easily, sweet and mellow, with seeds To spit out on the turned earth. Forster's lane, Or Austen's, with dust enough to dirty my hems, To trip along with the turning of the day. It's jam-packed here, in my lane, ambulances Gridlocked, turn signals flashing. They turn the sirens Off, you can hear the cries, the silence of oxygen Failing, the unharmonized melody of bullets Dropped one two one two three In a metal basin. I wave to let you in, to let you turn In front of me, to see the headlights, sodium, bone white, Taillights too crimson to compare with hemorrhage. Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads Directions by Daisy Bassen, MD


Brainstem gliomas seem to present in 2 distinct ways. More commonly they are localized to 1 portion of the brainstem and present with signs that are both localizing and lateralizing. These are usually fairly easy to image neuroradiologically. The rarer diffusely infiltrating variety manifest a slowly building array of findings pointing to all levels and both sides of the brainstem. Our 2 cases exemplify the diffuse variety. They were clinically typical, and the CSF pressure and protein were elevated but the neuroimaging abnormalities were so subtle that they were originally overlooked. This subtlety of neuroradiologic abnormality resembles that found in gliomatosis cerebri.


Through the carbonate microfacies analysis method,from the middle and upper carbonate rocks in Guizhou Bijie Qingchang Permian Maokou formation. In the types of microfacies classification and sedimentary environment and evolution are analyzed. Identify the nine types of carbonate microfacies,summarizes two main sedimentary environment namely open platform and restricted platform. Combined with energy index analysis,the sea-level evolution processes are inversion-analyzed


We discuss modern unexplored problem of life. The purpose of our scientific research is to find ways and means to help former female and male athletes who find themselves in difficult situations after active sports, and to assist them in becoming subjects of their future life, that is fully rehabilitated in the Russian society. In connection with the tasks we have clarified and presented in the causes, according to which the subjects were in a situation of stress. Further, the strategies of psychological protection of coping with former persons of different sex, age, individ-ual psychological characteristics, previously engaged in sports in the process of their social reha-bilitation are considered and defined. The novelty of the work is that the study was conducted on the example of former female and male athletes at the present stage of development of the Russian society and the role of sport in the formation of personality.


2 Abstract: Exploring into the topic of mathematical intuition needs a self efficacy for balancing intuition and intention. In this paper we discuss the former with the help of symbol grounding problem and the directions for getting the solution to the same. Initially we establish the hypothesis of grounding the notion of intuition with non-symbols which are not members of symbol system as quoted by Harnad and others. Using the framework for fuzzy cognition mapping (FCM), we introduce a new derived mapping of FCMs as Primary Fuzzy Cognition Mapping (PFCM). Finally we construct a PFCM for mathematical intuition with causal relationships with the members in the family of undecidable problems like equivalence between NP and P class of problems G?del's incomplete theorem, Turing Halting problem, Symbol Grounding, etc.


Simulation of pedestrian flows is an urgent subject for investigations since it has been applied in various fields during recent decades. Development of mathematical model is important in order to determine parameters of high density pedestrian traffic to control it in real time. This work presents pedestrian flow as a random Palm flow. Distribution of time intervals in the flow is approximated by the Erlang law of the sixth order. Using the renewal theory for random processes, analytical tools were developed to predict the number of pedestrians arriving at fixed point during preset time interval. Using the methods of queue theory and theory of random processes, analytical tools were developed to determine average number of pedestrians in front of emergency exits and properties of queue length. Herewith, both the cases of single pedestrian flow and of convergence of several flows into one were considered. Probability functions were derived characterizing cumulative pedestrian flow. Determination of flow parameters by experimental data is described. The developed analytical tools, using minimum amount of initial data, allow to predict online the intensity and to select optimum redirection of pedestrian flows during evacuation.


The addition of cryoprotectants as liposome stabilizes has been used to increase the stability of the redispersed liposomes in solution. We have studied the protective effect of cryoprotectants such as saccharides and amino acid derivatives on the storage stability of the liposomes when the liposome powders were redispersed in solution after freezedrying. The liposome size before and after freeze-drying was measured to evaluate the liposome stability. Experimental conditions to maintain the stability of liposomes was optimized in procedure of redipersion with the cryoprotectants. As a result, the size of liposome was maintained in 100±5 nm with the addition of maltose or sucrose at 37 C for 30 days, which shows the enhanced stability during the freeze-drying.


This paper describes the process of the formative evaluation of an acoustics computer-aided learning (CAL) package. The CAL package, entitled "Waves: Analysis and Synthesis", is a multimedia-rich learning support package for students on sound-related undergraduate courses. The evaluation took place over a two-month period in the School of Acoustics and Electronic Engineering at the University of Salford. In addition to being an evaluation of the CAL itself, this was also an exercise in learning to evaluate. The methodological mix is discussed along with the evaluation process as a whole.


This research has as its goal the comprehension of the literacy practices engaged and problematized by Rural Education undergraduates. To answer the guiding question: Which literacy practices of the future teacher can be highlighter in a Rural Education Undergraduate Course?, we based ourselves in references for Rural Education, Literacy and Numeracy Studies and Teachers' Education for Social Justice. The methodology of the research is of qualitative nature, and the structuring of the data happened in two steps. The first of them in a discipline about Functions, taught by the researcher, who is also a professor in the Rural Education Undergraduate Course (LECampo) of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro and had the participation of 45 undergraduates, as subjects of the investigation. In this step, the tools used were: questionnaire of socio-economical nature, applied to all the undergraduates, and video recordings of the classes. The second step of the data production happened with the involvement of twelve of the undergraduates, subjects of the survey, who chose Mathematics, with the data being obtained through semi structured interviews. Thus, it was constituted as material to be analyzed in investigation: questionnaire results, students' written productions, transcription of parts of the classes and interviews. After the data organization, we constructed two analysis axes: (i) Technical Tendency of Mathematics Teaching and its Variations as Representation of Autonomous Literacy Model and (ii) Formative actions at LECampo as driving forces behind literacy practices of future teachers. The data showed us that, despite the basic schooling of the undergraduates being based on a technical and procedural dimension, and thus, having produced literacy practices common to the autonomous model, different formative actions in LECampo's degree made it possible for the teachers the mobilization and problematization of literacy practices,– the formulation of problems and financial of familiar farming. In particular, the undergraduates in Mathematics have exposed during the interviews their ways of seeing and conceiving the teaching of Mathematics, with emphasis for the Empirical-Activist and Socioethnocultural teaching tendencies. The identified characteristics of those tendencies can contribute to the comprehension of literacy events and practices valued by the undergraduates. The results point at the many literacy practices highlighted in the Rural Education Initial Teacher Education and for the necessity of depth and continuity of those studies.


BETWEEN 1946 and 1956 a great deal of attention has been focused on the classification of medical library materials. Old classification systems have been revised, and new applications or slants have been given to them. Many new classifications have been developed-some for the field of medicine in general-some for a specific subject field or library situation. The large number of systems in this category has a certain significance, particularly in the light of a recent proposal by Saul Herner and Robert S. Meyer, for the creation of "tailor-made classifications" for special libraries (40). Library classification, as such, began with the individual schemes of specific libraries; universal systems were only a later development. It is interesting to find examples of this "neoindividual" approach. Let us discuss the various classification systems in a context that is somewhat out of the ordinary-the popularity of systems, or rather the present-day use of classification systems. In 1954, Lucia Graf, of the Academie Suisse des Sciences Medicales, presented information gathered from 687 libraries of the world (34). Among other things, her figures deal with the frequency in libraries of the various classification systems used in organizing medical literature. The 687 libraries include general libraries with medical collections as well as specifically medical libraries. Graf lists some 35 classification systems, including the category mentioned: systems developed by a library for its unique situation. According to Graf, the following list represents, in order, the frequency of world use of medical classification systems:


The observation of an anomalous quadrupolar signal in x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) at the Fe K -edge of iron phthalocyanine (FePc) films is reported. All ground states previously suggested for FePc are incompatible with the experimental data. Based on ab initio molecular orbital multiplet calculations of the isolated FePc molecule, we propose a model for the magnetic ground state of the FePc film that explains the XMCD data and reproduces the observed values of the orbital moments in the perpendicular and planar directions.


OBJECTIVES/GOALS: We will investigate the influence of multisector partnerships in T3-T4 research associated with advances in delivery systems, patient/population outcomes and health policy and the translational processes linked to these improvements. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We are using both quantitative and qualitative data to measure and analyze partnership characteristics linked to successful translation into practice & policy. We aim to complete 100 surveys of investigators who have conducted CTSA-supported T3-T4 research to examine partnerships, conditions of collective impact, and quantifiable changes in delivery systems, health outcomes, and policy. Using rigorous criteria, we will select projects for more in-depth interviews to understand the practices of successful translation and roadblocks and barriers that challenge translation. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The anticipated research products include: (i) an analytic report on partnership structure and processes and the statistical associations to stages of change outcomes, (ii) a series of vignettes to describe the impact stories and translational processes, (iii) cross-project analysis of the data and vignettes to produce generalizable information to improve T3-T4 translation, and (iv) peer-reviewed manuscript(s) for publication. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The study will inform and improve researcher competencies and accelerate translation in CTSA hubs that emphasize T3-T4 research. We will develop novel definitions of the T3-T4 research impact. Ultimately, the results will inform research training to better address real-world priorities and needs.


This paper deals with employees' organizational commitment during radical organizational changes. It is stressed that organizational changes usually lead to decreased employees commitment, caused by increased job insecurity decreased morale and trust, and increased stress. It is also emphasized that there are three types of organizational commitment. Finally, it is recommended that organizational commitment should be managed by applying adequate human resource management practices.


For many years, the editorial board of Professional Development in Education has tried to lead professional learning as well as publishing contributions from others who have experience in this field. As our website states, we try to be 'more than a journal', and the Editorial Board seeks to enact this through 'active engagement in PLD networks, supporting and organising symposia and events, encouraging dialogue with eminent scholars of PLD and contributing in an active way to the mentoring and development of new scholars in the field'. For our editorial board, receiving articles for review is a pleasure, and our main regret is that we cannot publish some very good articles due to limitations on space rather than quality. However, the publication process can be one-dimensional. Articles are received, reviewed and published. Data from the publisher tell us the number and geography of downloads and any trends, and citation metrics give us some idea of the number of times an article has been quoted. But if we are to engage actively in professional learning, we need the cut and thrust of debate, critical conversation and multi-level interaction. Members of the editorial board of Professional Development in Education make a deliberate attempt to lead professional learning as well as act as a conduit for the publication of articles. We start with our own professional learning. As an editorial team, we cross-link to discuss the merits of articles that might or might not be sent for review, giving us a higher level of consistency than working individually and opening new ways of looking at our own professional learning. We always learn something new from each other. Another way is by engaging with others at conferences such as the annual IPDA international conference and by seeking out the work of others who have an interest in professional learning. We also sponsor and support symposia on relevant themes, and the most successful of these has been the Leadership for Professional Learning series of international symposia run in collaboration with the University of Florida Lastinger Center for Learning, the University of Cambridge Leadership for Learning Network, and more recently Dublin City University. The first of these, held in 2017 in Miami, USA, focused on Teacher Leadership and was an excellent example of multi-level interaction, bringing together experienced academics, researchers and school leaders with teachers and classroom practitioners who were also leaders of professional learning. This was followed in 2019 by a symposium in Cambridge UK on the theme of Leadership for Professional Learning: common challenges, shared solutions. Attendance at this symposium was truly international and our 2020 special issue Leadership for Professional Learning edited by Sue Swaffield and Phil Poekert, grew out of this. The impact of the Covid 19 pandemic necessitated a virtual platform for the next symposium in 2021 on the theme of Leadership within Technology-Enhanced Professional Learning Spaces. The virtual environment removed the four walls and opened new opportunities to look into the future of professional learning. It also gave access to colleagues based in schools who might not normally attend conferences but who brought with them direct experience of supporting learning through online interaction. Our plans to generate a series of online discussions with authors will continue this, giving our authors the opportunity to develop and deepen the communication of their work. PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN EDUCATION 2022, VOL. 48, NO. 2, 181–184 https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2022.2042654


In this paper, we obtain the characterization on pair of weights v , = : q t v f p t t q q t dt q t v f p t p q q p v L f


Scene images share underlying regularities on the global scale. In order to develop a representation that encodes the global properties of scene images and reflects their inherent regularities, we train a probabilistic hierarchical model to infer correlational information from scene images. The model parameters fitted to the characteristic statistics of scene images reveal an efficient representation of global information that encodes salient visual structures with low dimensional latent variables. Through a perceptual experiment which assesses scene image similarities in terms of spatial layout, we demonstrate that our model representation is more consistent with perceptual similarities of scene images than the state-of-the-art visual features.


Hydraulic fracturing combined with horizontal drilling has been the technology that makes it possible to economically produce natural gas from unconventional shale gas reservoirs. For best performance of fracturing stimulation, hydraulic fracturing designing parameters, such as different proppants, fracturing liquids, and injection rate and pressure, should be evaluated before the oeration in a particular reservoir system. Traditional evaluation and optimization approaches are usually based on the simulated fracture properties along, such as fracture areas. In our opinion, the better methodologyshould be also related to production data from the stimulated wells afterwards, because the enhanced production is the ultimate goal. In this paper, we present a general fully-coupled numerical framework to simulate the hydraulic induced fracture propagation and post-fracture gas well performance. This three-dimensional, multi-phase simulator focuses on: (1) fracture width increase and fracture propagation that occurs as slurry is injected into the fracture, (2) erosion caused by fracture fluid and leakoff, (3) proppant subsidence and flowback, and (4) multi-phase fluid flow through various-scaled anisotropic natural and man-made fractures. Mathematical and numerical details on how to fully couple the fracture propagation part and the fluid flow part are discussed. Fracturing and production operation parameters, properties of the formation, and reservoir, fluid, and proppant properties are all taken into account in this model. The well may be horizontal, vertical, or deviated, as well as open-hole or cemented. This simulator is verified based on benchmarks the literature. We show its application by simulating the fracture network (hydraulic and natural fractures) propagation and production data history matching of field production data in China. We conduct a series of real-data modeling studies with different combinations of fracturing parameters and present the methodology to design fracturing operations with feedback of simulated production data. This unified model aids in the optimization of hydraulic fracturing design, operations, and production. Introduction A fully coupled numerical framework to simulate the hydraulically induced fracture propagation and post-fracture gas well performance is important for the optimization of hydraulic fracturing design and oil/gas production. Generally, several interconnected physical processes need to be considered: (1) fracture width increase and fracture propagation occurring as slurry is injected into the fracture, (2) erosion caused by fracturing fluid and leakoff, (3) proppant subsidence and flowback, and (4) multi-phase fluid flow through various-scaled anisotropic natural and man-made fractures. In this paper, we introduce the theory and methodology for simulating fracture propagation and multi-phase flow separately, and afterwards a numerical framework to couple them. The primary objective of the multi-phase flow portion is to develop an efficient reservoir simulator for modeling multidimensional gas and water flow and production from unconventional tight sandstone or shale gas reservoirs. Specifically, it includes: (1) developing conceptual models and improved modeling approaches for integrating hydrological, mechanical, and physical processes in hydraulically fractured tight sand and shale gas reservoirs; and (2) incorporating conceptual models into a numerical modeling tool for assessment and management of gas production from tight sand gas reservoirs using hydraulically fractured wells. The lattrer part of the developed simulator is able to quantify model physical processes and predict long-term performance of tight gas reservoirs for optimum gas production from these unconventional resources.


approved: G or C. Temes A new approach to oversampled delta-sigma A/D converters ( AZ modulators ) is introduced, where a differential pseudo-Npath filter stage is used as a basic cell. In this band-pass application, the z to -zN transformation is employed to realize a RAM-type pseudo-2-path lossless integrator. The bandpass secondorder and 4th-order delta-sigma A/D converters are implemented by switched-capacitor ( SC ) circuits using this kind of integrator. The effects of components inaccuracy, finite op-amp gain, as well as clock feed-through noise are studied in simulations. The results verify that such A/D converters possess a remarkable insensitivity to imperfect components and a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A 6th-order dual-quantizer delta-sigma A/D converter with a digital canceller is then designed, which achieves 86 dB (>14 bit) conversion accuracy and 95 dB (>15 bit) dynamic range for a low oversampling ratio (OSR=32) even with low-accuracy analog components (4-bit internal D/A with 6-bit linearity). Analysis and Design of Bandpass Delta-Sigma A/D Converters


The complex of desirable maternal traits includes litter size, mothering ability and milk production, combined with aspects of piglet viability or survival and sow rebreeding performance. There are two major contradictory elements within this trait complex. Firstly, larger litters will be, on average, lighter at birth, and result in an extended duration of farrowing. These characteristics may affect piglet viability and access to colostrum, along with sow recovery and health after farrowing. Piglets from these litters are therefore more vulnerable to environmental stressors that can result in piglet death. Secondly, the sow's ability to rear her litter must not compromise her own ability to rebreed for the next parity. So, increasing milk production per se to improve litter growth performance may be counterproductive if sow longevity is reduced by failure to rebreed. These areas of antagonism are likely strongest for primiparous sows, which balance their own growth and development against reproductive demands. This is generally illustrated by higher levels of piglet mortality and sow losses, and slower piglet growth, relative to litters and sows from later parities. Clearly a balance is required in performance attributes for phenotypic outcomes of both the sow and her offspring, and this may be particularly difficult to achieve in the first parity.


This article discusses the robustness of field-plate-assisted reduced surface field effect (RESURF) DMOS designs to time-dependent latch-up within a single dielectrically isolated device. This work individually characterizes the dopant defined parasitic bipolar parallel to all MOS and uniquely describes the existence of another parasitic bipolar of opposite polarity through the generation of a backgate current as a result of weak impact ionization. These two NPN and PNP bipolar devices in a single DMOS device complete the latch-up mechanism once the product of their gains is greater than one. The characterized time-dependent nature of the increasing backgate current is accounted for by oxide charge trapping in the extended drain region, where measurements of this mechanism over a broad range of application and manufacturing variables enable a mathematical model for the time to failure to be described. Finally, the advantage of analyzing DMOS latch-up robustness in the context of individual parasitic NPN and PNP bipolar devices is shown by its ability to isolate out the separate variables feeding into each bipolar to implement robust solutions.


For a more comprehensive understanding of atmosphere and oceanic circulations that generally affect climatic conditions in many regions and, in particular, influence their ecology problems, it is useful to investigate the flow pattern in rotating cylindrical vessels. In this research two interesting 3D gasdynamical phenomena were discovered by flow visualization in the meridional plane of a rotating cylindrical channel. The first phenomenon is nonstationary process after abrupt termination of a channel's rotation with the development, on its internal side surface, of periodically spaced local nonuniformities that have different growth rate in the axial and radial directions. The second phenomenon is establishment of an uncommon extensive intermittent flow pattern after the rotating channel, initially open on the one end, is closed with a stationary plate with a small gap between it and the end-wall of the rotating channel for ambient air inflow into the channel.


The development of material engineering technology is now beginning to experience an increase in the utilization of natural fibers as a reinforcement in composites. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of thermal shock on bending strength and impact matrix of epoxy with betel fiber. In this study used betel fiber with a length of 1cm and epoxy resin matrix. Matrix and reinforcement composition 30%: 70% v, pinewood was soaked with 30% NaOH for 30 minutes. The composite was heated at a temperature of 100 0 C for 1 hour, then dipped into water with a variation of 10.15,20 cycles. Bending and impact testing based on ASTM 790 and ASTM D-265. The results showed that the highest bending strength was obtained at the thermal shock of 10 cycles of 76.75 N / mm2 and the lowest at 20 cycles of 48.26 N / mm2. At impact test at get biggest impact energy obtained at thermal shock 10 cycle that is 0,756 J and the smallest at 20 cycle that is equal to 0,060 J. This result show that bigger cycle at thermal shock hence composite strength will decrease.


The invention relates to an ecological multi-layer turtle breeding device which comprises breeding racks for placing breeding boxes and is characterized in that the breeding rack at the upper part is an azolla breeding rack, and the breeding rack at the lower part is a turtle breeding rack. The device can realize high-density, intensive and industrial turtle breeding, can not discharge sewage generated by breeding to the outside of the system, meets the requirements for water saving, energy saving, emission reduction and sustainable development, and has the advantages of low price, simple manufacture, convenient operation and wide application.


In a globalizing economy territories – most of all large cities and urban regions – find themselves in competition with other cities and regions. Very obviously, cities which are ranked highest are challenged to become a metropolis competing with other metropolises on – at least the European level. This means, high ranking cities should attract not only general economic functions on the interregional and national level but more specific functions like decision centres of multinational firms, international strategic and controlling institutions (private or public) in the political, economic and cultural sphere (Kratke, 1995). Besides others, specific challenges of governance emerge for strategic efforts on the urban-regional level in order to secure and increase the competitiveness of such territories. From a theoretical point, absolute advantages provided through strategic efforts on the urban-regional level, are predominantly responsible for the strengthening of its competitiveness. (Camagni, 2002; 2008) Anyhow, in this paper we concentrate on two topics: First, we discuss selected metropolitan functions and relevant impacts on spatial development. Second, we concentrate on specific strategic efforts which aim on the attraction and strengthening of metropolitan functions and competitiveness. Dealing with these topics empirically, we describe the process of metropolisation of Barcelona and Vienna and try to assess relevant strategic efforts in a comparative way.


Soy sauce is one of the representatives of traditional fermented foods in Korea. However, studies on soy sauce are relatively insufficient in Korea compared to Japan. In this study, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of polysaccharides were measured by polysaccharides isolated from two different soy sauces, Korean and Japanese (KSS-0 and JSS-0). KSS-0 was purified into two fractions using gel chromatography and named them as KSS-I and KSS-II. To investigate the antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides, we measured the polyphenol content and radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of polysaccharides, we used RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and induced inflammation using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Then, we measured levels of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Among the four polysaccharides, KSS-II showed the highest antioxidant activity and had good anti-inflammatory activity; KSS-II decreased inflammatory mediators in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the polysaccharide isolated from Korean soy sauce (KSS-II) showed better anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities than polysaccharides isolated from Japanese soy sauce, and may be useful as substances for functional foods.


The aim of the research was to define the size of the Hungarian LOHAS (Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability) consumer group by analyzing its lifestyle based on sustainable values. To achieve this goal, a representative questionnaire-based survey was carried out involving 1000 individuals in Hungary. During the value-orientated research, 25 lifestyle statements were drawn up. According to the results, five value-based segments could be distinguished. The largest cluster, the young trend followers group, reflects the characteristics of the LOHAS consumers' lifestyle to the greatest extent. However, this segment cannot entirely be regarded as a consumer group devoted to LOHAS values, which is why a further segmentation of this group was necessary. As a result of this further segmentation, the third sub-cluster, which emphasizes the ethical (competence) statements the most, can be identified with the LOHAS consumer group, which makes up 8.7% of the Hungarian population. Further research is necessary to find out whether the situation regarding value orientation in Hungary is similar to that in other Eastern European countries whose social and cultural backgrounds are very similar. Revealing the values of the Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability segment contributes to the extension of the literature.


test is established by clearance of the dermatitis when the allergen indicated is avoided, or when there is resurgence should the allergen pollute the patient's environment to the extent that it is unavoidable. Discovering an exact source minimizes the danger of chronic dermatitis and explains fresh outbreaks from chemical analogues applied externally or taken internally. Dermatitis in adults without a previous history, especially if they are manual workers in industry, should be considered allergic contact dermatitis until proven otherwise.


Energies of mono- and multiprotonation for 1,2,3-indanetrione and ninhydrin in triflic acid (TFSA) media were estimated at PBE0/aug-cc-pvtz//6-31+G** level of theory. The reactivity of formed intermediates in the reaction of aromatic electrophilic substitution has been studied at the same level of theory. It appears that the basicity of carbonyl groups in 1,2,3-indanetrione is extremely low due to mutual influences of carbonyl groups. Carbonyl 2 is the least basic but the most reactive in accordance with experiment. Calculations demonstrated that monoprotonated intermediates are the principal reactive species in the reaction of hydroxyalkylation of 1,2,3-indanetrione in TFSA. A new isomerization mechanism of 2,2-diaryl-1,3-indanediones to 3-(diarylmethylene)isobenzofuranones in TFSA media has been proposed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper presents DOP8: a Data Mining Iterative Cycle that improves the classical data life cycle. While the latter only combines the data production and data analysis phases, DOP8 also integrates the analysis operators life cycle. In this cycle, data life cycle and operators life cycle processing meet in the data analysis step. This paper also presents a reification of DOP8 in a new computing platform: UnderTracks. The latter provides a flexibility on storing and sharing data, operators and analysis processes. Undertracks is compared with three types of platform 'Storage platform', 'Analysis platform' and 'Storage and Analysis platform'. Several real TEL analysis scenarios are present into the platform, (1) to test Undertracks flexibility on storing data and operators and (2) to test Undertracks flexibility on designing analysis processes.


In order to improve anti-cancer treatment, we need to better understand why some patients respond to a given anti-cancer treatment, while others do not. To this end, several large-scale drug response screens have been performed in recent years, in which hundreds of tumor cell lines have been characterized formany molecular features (e.g. mutations, CNAs, methylation and gene expression), as well as for response to hundreds of anti-cancer drugs. By statistically associating these molecular features with the drug response, we can identify biomarkers of drug response: markers that (after thorough testing) can ultimately be used to help identify which treatment should be given to which patient. While performing such statistical analyses, we found that there are strong relationships between the different molecular datasets (e.g. mutations, CNAs, methylation and gene expression) and that these relationships can negatively affect our ability to identify biomarkers. Following these results, we have developed TANDEM, a method to identify biomarkers while taking into account these relationships between datasets, and iTOP, a method to infer how different datasets are related to each other. For difficult cases where the number of cell lines is very small, we have developed a method that predicts drug response simultaneously for all drugs in the screen, thereby gaining statistical power. We based this method on a machine learning methodology called multi-task learning. In contrast to other multi-task learning methods, our approach provides insight into which features are important for a given treatment, thereby allowing us to identify biomarkers fromthese models. Finally, we analyzed a screen of 54 drug combinations across 765 cell lines. We report which combinations show synergy (i.e. where the effect of the combination was larger than onewould expect based on the individual drug effects) most frequently, hence making them broadly applicable. In addition, for each drug combination, we statistically associated molecular features (i.e. mutations, copy number aberrations, gene expression and proteomics) with the synergy, from which the strongest associations may be good candidate biomarkers.


Objective We aimed to investigate the performance of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, checked between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in order to find out whether FPG level would help to identify potential GDM cases or not in pregnancies which do or do not undergo oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods This study was performed retrospectively in a tertiary center by accessing the records of 2950 patients who underwent 75-g OGTT in between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. GDM diagnosis was established according to the one-step screening test results. In the patients diagnosed with GDM, the most successful threshold value for the diagnosis calculated statistically was determined for FPG. The specificity and sensitivity values were calculated for FPG. Results After applying the exclusion criteria, 1736 of 2043 pregnant women were normal and 307 (15%) of them were diagnosed with GDM. The mean age was higher in the pregnant women with GDM than the healthy pregnant women when they were compared according to the demographic characteristics (28.6±4.3 vs. 26.2±4.1, p<0.001). Body mass index was also higher in the pregnant women with GDM compared to the health pregnant women (26±2.1 vs. 24±3.1 kg/m2, p<0.001). Other characteristics were similar in both groups. ROC analysis was performed for FPG and the most significant threshold value was found 88 mg/dL (p<0.001, area under curve 0.876, 95% confidence interval 0.850–0.903). Conclusion When FPG is >88 mg/dl in pregnant women who do not want to undergo OGTT, they should be informed in detail about both OGTT and GDM and its potential complications. Thus, the number of GDM cases without diagnosis and its potential complications would decrease.


Dawson, James I. Inservice Re-Training of Vocational Education Personnel to Amplify and Enhance Their Role in Working with Disadvantaged and Handicapped Learners. A Teacher Training Program for Vocational Education Teachers and Supervisors. Final Report. Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical Univ., Huntsville. ; Auburn Univ. , Ala. Alabama State Dept. of Education, Montgomery. Home Economics Service.; Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, D.C. Jul 71


Two new species, Exallonyx strictus and Exallonyx pingbianensis, are described and illustrated herein from China. Both species belong to the formicarius-group of subgenus Exallonyx Kieffer. A key for the Chinese formicarius-group is given.


To overcome the shortness of traditional algorithms relying on the point source assumption,a freeform surface optimization method for the extended source was proposed based on the genetic algorithm.The optimal objects involve the radiation distribution function,the offset of origin and the size factor of receiver about the virtual point source.For each individual the reflector can be calculated numerically by solving the partial differential equations established according to the energy conservation law and Snell′s law corresponding to the set of virtual parameters.The individual fitness concerning the uniformity of the object region and the transmission efficiency was obtained according to the simulation results with an actual extended source.The selection,crossover and mutation operations are implemented until the optimization results can meet the requirements.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,a uniform lighting system with cone angle of 10°was designed.The contrast experiments are carried out in Trace/Pro with a disc lambertian source with the size of 30 mm in diameter.The light tracing experiments show that the uniformity of the object region increases from 58.3% to 93.5%,and the transmission efficiency increases from 61.8%to 72.9%.Meanwhile,the optical quality has quite good stability at varying distances.The experimental results demonstrate that the method can achieve the adjustment of the spatial distribution of the extended source radiation which has significant guidance for the design of extended source system.


We present a computational assessment system that promotes the learning of basic rhythmic patterns. The system is capable of generating multiple rhythmic patterns with increasing complexity within various cycle lengths. For a generated rhythm pattern the performance assessment of the learner is carried out through the statistical deviations calculated from the onset detection and temporal assessment of a learner's performance. This is compared with the generated pattern, and their performance accuracy forms the feedback to the learner. The system proceeds to generate a new pattern of increased complexity when performance assessment results are within certain error bounds. The system thus mimics a learner-teacher relationship as the learner progresses in their feedback-based learning. The choice of progression within a cycle for each pattern is determined by a predefined complexity metric. This metric is based on a coded element model for the perceptual processing of sequential stimuli. The model earlier proposed for a sequence of tones and non-tones, is now used for onsets and silences. This system is developed into a webbased application and provides accessibility for learning purposes. Analysis of the performance assessments shows that the complexity metric is indicative of the perceptual processing of rhythm patterns and can be used for rhythm learning.


Due to the last great Chilean Earthquake, February 27th, 2010 (Mw8.8) the majority of R/C buildings did not have damage or suffered minor damage. However, in a few medium height buildings founded on deep soft soils, severe and brittle damage in walls in the first floor due to shear stress or high flexural-compression stress on boundaries of T and L walls was observed. A registry of observed failure modes in medium height buildings located in Viña del Mar (with and without severe damage) was developed, verification of designs and nonlinear analysis were done using the acceleration record obtained close to the buildings on similar soil conditions. A basic characterization of the elastic dynamic soil properties was done from measured micro tremors using Nakamura ́s method. Results of those analyses show that design decisions and push over analysis can explain either damage or non damage in each building: an important lesson of this study is that in all cases a linear and brittle behavior was obtained, so the presence of damage depends mainly on the amount of displacement demands imposed by the earthquake, since the predominant brittle failure occurs at relatively low displacements, a great risk for similar buildings that behaved well in this earthquake exist in the future. Results show that elastic fundamental vibration periods of analyzed buildings are slightly lower than the soil ́s vibration period, so damage occurs due to a building resonance response to the ground motion. It can be concluded that the risk can be reduced with a better characterization of the soil response.


Abstract On the basis of three independent test methods, two potentiostatically controlled and one freely corroding, temperature has been shown quantitatively to be an important criterion for descr...


Text detection in ancient documents faces specific challenges: Due to the age of the materials and inappropriate storing conditions, the documents are degraded and stained, as well as the ink is partially faded out . Furthermore, fluctuating text lines, skewed text blocks, superimpositon of text elements – such as initials – or varying layouts are problems to cope with. Hence, a texture-based approach which exploits the fact that different kinds of textures have dissimilar distributions of orientations and frequencies is proposed. The main idea is to exploit the properties of the Auto-Correlation Function (ACF) to classify document areas. The ACF is computed in a local region with the aid of sliding windows of different sizes. Support Vector Machines are used to perform the classification task. The ap  proach proposed is applied to Glagolitic manuscripts from the 11th century. The evaluation is based on manually labeled ground truth and shows the accuracy of the features chosen, even when the method is applied to document pages that are different in writing style and line spacing to those in the training set.


Popular theoretical books,illustrated atlases,propaganda reports,media interpretations,rural cultural projects and practical activities are the carriers to take Marxism of contemporary China to the general public.We should summarize,refer to,exploit and apply these effective carriers,and make an effort to achieve dissemination and popularization of the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions in the majority of the people.


The article analyzes the impact of air pollutants in Atyrau on public health, taking into account hygiene standards. Atyrau region is characterized by the development of oil and gas production and processing activities and is located on the coastal lowlands of the Caspian Sea. An oil refinery is located in the city, and as a result, atmospheric air is characterized by pollution of a number of chemical substances that are priority ones, such as hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, suspended solids, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide. Most of these substances affect the respiratory system. Calculation of the inhalation risk according to the results of Kazhydromet shows that even in acute and chronic exposure, the most elevated pollutants are short-term exposure to hydrogen sulfide (HQ = 7.4), suspended particles (HQ = 4) and fine particles (HQ = 7.13) for long-term exposure. The results of field studies conducted by ECOSERVICE-S LLP show that the calculation of the risk to public health during the inhalation of pollutants is characterized by increased values under acute exposure to nitrogen (IV) dioxide (HQ = 44.03051) and hydrogen sulfide (HQ = 35, 41465). The maximum risk of acute exposure during inhalation of pollutants is formed in the area of settlement point 6 - Kursai district.


This volume represents a collection of ten short papers dealing with the physics of some radioisotope scanning and imaging devices, and some clinical applications of 75 Se methionine (selenomethionine Se 75, for pancreas and parathyroid scanning). Unfortunately, the symposium at which these papers were given was held in 1965; some of the material is out of date. For example, two compounds discussed in the chapter on "Progress in Radiopharmaceutical Development" are no longer manufactured. Specialists in nuclear medicine might find portions of this book of interest.


In this paper, a novel switching rule of DC-AC converter is proposed, which improves the static and dynamic performance of the system. Firstly, DC-AC converter is modeled as switched linear systems without any approximation, and the stable equilibrium fields and stable parameter fields of the switched linear systems are analyzed. And then the switching rule based on min-projection strategy is proposed, which utilizes the fact that the switched linear systems is stable if it is always possible to choose a vector field that points in a direction such that the trajectory converges to the desired equilibrium fields. Also, the switching rule parameters are designed by analyzing the THD, accuracy, robustness and dynamic response of the system under various loads such as resistor, and rectifier. Finally, experiments are performed to verify that the feasibility of the proposed switching rule with better dynamic response and strong robustness.


A model test of the dynamic drainage consolidation method is described and the dynamic drainage consolidation effects are studied,then a silty soft soil dynamic drainage consolidation model with 1:2 resembling ratio was built up in this test.In the model testing,with the strictly controlled drainage and dynamic loading conditions,the effects of silty soft soil foundation consolidation and its changing proceeding are analyzed.During the silty soft soil foundation dynamic drainage consolidation,the main factors which affect the consolidation effects aresummaried up.At the same time,the silty soft soil's deformation proceeding,the excess pore water pressure's dissipation law,and the foundation liquefaction safety coefficient's changing law are concluded in this paper.At last,a coefficient for the Menard formulation to calculate dynamic drainage consolidation depth is ascertained in this kind of soft soil foundation treatment method.Some normal soil engineering testing methods are used to estimate the silty soft soil dynamic drainage consolidation effects.The consolidation effect shows that the dynamic drainage consolidation method is suitable to consolidate the soft soil foundation.


A model for sphericosymmetric thin-flame combustion of multicomponent fuel droplets has been developed in the first part of this two-part work. The model incorporates effects of droplet surface regression and gas-phase Lewis number. It is observed that both these effects affect the results substantially. The study also reveals the transient nature of the combustion process.


We study the variability properties of the prompt emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts in the gamma-ray energy range. We use the power spectrum analysis in the time domain as developed by [Margutti, in preparation]; this technique is suitable to study the rms variations at different time scales. The timing analysis of 252 Swift light-curves in the 15–150 keV energy range reveals the existence of different variability classes. Moreover, after accounting for the cosmological time dilation, the distribution of the GRB characteristic variability time scales is found to cluster around 0.6–1 s we identify this time scale as a characteristic variability time scale of long GRBs in the source rest frame.


In recent years, novel electronic products have become dramatically smaller and more highly functionalized. Based on these market trends, packaging structures for semiconductors are also required to become smaller, thinner and more complicated. To satisfy various requirements, packaging technologies such as WL-CSP, FO-WLP. 2.5D interposer, 3D-TSV, and so on, are used. For these packaging structures, the photo-sensitive organic materials used for buffer coating, passivation layers, and insulators for re-distribution are required to exhibit low temperature curability and low residual stress. To meet these requirements, we have developed a low temperature curable (around 200C) photo-sensitive insulator. The design concept of our photo-sensitive insulators is based on phenolic resins as the main component to perform good lithography and cross-linkers containing epoxy functional units. Moreover, our photo-sensitive insulators contain naphtoquinone diazide (DNQ) compounds commonly used in positive tone resists. Specifically, we have developed new phenolic resins containing flexible units. Our photo-sensitive insulators containing the new polymer showed low residual stress, low elastic modulus, good chemical resistance and good lithography performance. Keyword: Dielectric materials, Photosensitivity, Low-temperature curable


The finite element method is used to investigate the ultimate bearing capacityof two closely spaced strip footings on geogrid reinforced sand. The effect of variation ofseveral parameters on the bearing capacity had been studied (number of reinforcement layers,optimum depth of the first and last layers of reinforcement). In this study the main results showthat, the bearing capacity of the soil increases, and settlement decrease as with the number ofreinforcement layers. The optimum depth of the first layer of reinforcement ranged between(0.375-1)B, while optimum depth of the last layer of reinforcement varies between (1.125-2.25)B depending on the angle of internal friction. The optimum number of reinforcementlayers is ranged between (4-6) depending on the center to center spacing between the interferingfootings and the angle of internal friction.


Objective:
 To determine the factors that impact BP control in Chinese elderly (aged 65-79 years) and very elderly (aged ≥80 years) hypertensive patients after 8-week treatment with val/aml SPC in the CSII study.

 Design and Methods:
 3609 elderly and very elderly hypertensive patients uncontrolled by monotherapy with BP ≥140/90 mm Hg (≥130/80 mm Hg for diabetes or CKD) were analyzed. It was a post-hoc analysis of subgroups from the CSII study. All patients received val/aml 80/5 mg SPC for 8 weeks. An additional antihypertensive agent added in patients who were still uncontrolled at the end of 4 weeks. Complications, previous antihypertensive treatment and demographic factors were recorded. Chi-square test, Student's t-test and logistic regression analysis were conducted.

 Results:
 After 8 weeks treatment, 61.5% elderly (n=459) and 63.3% very elderly (n=1811) patients achieved BP control. In the 740 elderly patients, low BP control rates were observed in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) [P <0.05 vs without CHD]. Significant decrease of BP control rates also were observed in 620 elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients (P<0.0001 vs. non-diabetics) and 89 elderly heart failure (HF) patients (P<0.05, vs without HF) while stroke had no effect(P>0.05). Previous antihypertensive treatment (ACEI, ARB, CCB, βblocker and diuretic) had no significant influence on BP control (P>0.05
 )
 .
 Among cardiovascular risk factors
 ,
 while dyslipidemia influenced the BP control rate(P<0.05); patient's sex, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption had no effect(P>0.05). In very elderly patients, DM led to low BP control (P<0.0001), but there was no significant impact of CHD, HF and stroke. Previous antihypertensive drugs did not influence the BP control rate (P>0.05), but alcohol consumption had a significant impact (P<0.05).

 Conclusion:
 CHD, DM, HF and dyslipidemia negatively influenced BP control in the elderly patients. In the very elderly patients, diabetes and history of alcohol consumption were associated with low BP control rates. The effect of the above risk factors on BP control should be considered during the management of hypertension in the elderly and very elderly Chinese patients with above complications as they would need stricter BP control.


Use is made of the Laplace transform to study the two-dimensional preemptive priority queuing problem with exponential arrival and service times. The method of generating functions is used to solve the difference equations so obtained. In the section "The Differential-Difference Equations for the System" the transform of the generating function of the queuing process is given and the moments of the distribution of the nonpriority queue length derived from this. An explicit solution is given only for the case of equal service rates, the general case requiring only additional calculation. The distribution of the length of a busy period for the nonpriority queue is studied later.


prototype of a nineteenth-century industrial leader. Heyman was born in Copenhagen in 1837, a third generation Dane of GermanJewish origins. Together with his wife, Hanna, he had nine children. He was a dominant and demanding father with high expectations, especially of his four sons. Heyman seems to have been a man who savoured life. He was part of a wide social circle with many friends in whose company he enjoyed good food as well as entertaining them with his own songs and poetry. His greatest pleasure in life, however, seems to have been business and hard work. The authors portray Heyman as a man who never seemed to rest. At the age of 21 he ventured into the butter business. This industry grew rapidly as he, alongside Otto Mønsted and others, became the first exporters of Danish quality butter. Heyman's contribution to the pork industry was also important. He was both an innovator within bacon production and its pioneer in finding new markets abroad. However, the task that seems to have been closest to his heart was the brewery business and the Tuborg Company. After a shaky start in the 1870s and early 1880s, with many internal and external company problems and with serious competition from other breweries, mainly Carlsberg, Heyman provided crucial leadership. With determination, to some extent ruthlessness, and his emphasis on marketing, he steered Tuborg into the calmer waters that resulted in continued fair winds for the company when Heyman died in 1893. As Pedersen, Strandskov and Sørensen point out in their introduction; this is not a biography in its true sense. To be sure, their work gives a fundamental picture of Heyman's life and work, made convincing through the use of his own words. Their main purpose is to throw light on the transformation of Denmark into a modern industrial capitalist society exemplified by the proto-industrialist Heyman. The book will therefore benefit readers with an interest in Danish economic, political and social history of the nineteenth century, and especially those with an interest in the history of brewing, butter manufacture and the meat packing industry. Its main contribution however, is to the research into entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship where there is much to be learnt from this erudite and detailed portrait of Philip W. Heyman.


Russian Federal Educational Standards 2021 place high demands on schoolchildren as individuals with a number of traits and competencies necessary for an active citizen. It seems ex-pedient to study not only domestic, but also international experience of civic education. The United States is an example of countries with high levels of civic engagement, which can be seen in the collective and individual participation in protests and picketing, volunteering and a devel-oped network of various public organizations. The purpose of the research is to study the US Na-tional Standards for Civics and reveal how fully they cover all the components of civicism as a complex characteristic of a person. Component analysis of the concept of citizenship and civic engagement was used in the study of scientific and methodological literature on civic education. In the course of the study, a list of nine determinants (components) of a person's civic engagement was compiled. It is shown that all nine components are reflected in the Standards to varying degrees. The most pronounced components are critical thinking, theoretical knowledge related to social and political literacy, as well as motivation to unite and participate in civil actions. To a large extent, the Standards are aimed at practice-oriented knowledge and skills and at ensuring that students understand their personal benefits from participating in socio-political processes. It has been determined that civic education in US schools is one of the basic factors influencing the high degree of civic engagement in American society, which can be seen in the first decades of the 21th century. The study can be used for subsequent comparative analyzes of education systems, as well as for a more detailed study of the entire system of factors of civil activity of the population.


This study aims to know about the Influence of Career Development,Leadership Style, and Organizational Culture To Employee Performance PT.Charoen Pokphand Indonesia, Tbk Sepanjang. PT. Charoen Pokphand Indonesia,Tbk is a company that produces the largest animal feed in Indonesia. From various factors Employee Performance researchers chose Career Development,Leadership Style, and Organizational Culture because it felt that the three
variables that represent the problems that are happening at PT. Charoen Pokphand Indonesia, Tbk Sepanjang. In this study the respondents are employees of PT. Charoen Pokphand Indonesia, Tbk Sepanjang with a population of 100 people and 50 respondents from the population of researchers using it as a sample of research taken using the formula slovin. The data used in this research
is the primary data obtained by spreading the questionnaire To all Employees.The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using F test, t test, and see the dominant influence with 10% significant level. The test results proved that variables Career Development, Leadership Style, and Organizational
Culture effect simultaneously and significantly with the results of multiple linear regression in the F test obtained Fcount of 786.668 Greater than Ftable 2.81 and the value of significance produced by 0.000 is much smaller than ɑ = (0,1), while significant partial influence through t test is obtained for each independent
variable that is Career Development Variable (X1) is 6,478, Leadership Style (X2) 9,219, and Organizational Culture (X3) is 6,363 bigger of the ttable value of
1,67793, the independent variables Career Development, Leadership Style, and Organizational Culture partially significant effect on the dependent variable Employee Performance while the variable Leadership style dominant influence Employee Performance PT. Charoen Pokphand Indonesia, Tbk Sepanjang.


The US Food and Drug Administration has threatened to take legal action to prevent the import of cheap prescription drugs from Canada and other countries, says a report in the New York Times . Online Canadian pharmacies are popular with Americans, because price regulation in Canada means that drugs there are much cheaper than in the United States.

The report said that William Hubbard, associate commissioner of the FDA, had written to a lawyer in New Orleans who had asked about federal policy, saying importation could be illegal (13 March, sect C: 2; www.nytimes.com). The letter said, "Those who aid and abet a criminal violation …


The small-scale flat capillary pumped loop(CPL)for the cooling of electronic apparatus was presented,and its operation principle and characteristics were analyzed.Based on the structure characteristics of small-scale flat CPL evaporator,the effect of metal side wall conduction of evaporator on the CPL work limit was analyzed,and the heat transfer limit of side wall effect was introduced.In order to improve the heat transfer capacity of CPL,fins were added on the bottom of evaporator.The flow and heat transfer in the porous structure were modeled by using two-phase layered saturated porous model,and the conduction models of metal wall and fluid region were established.The entire evaporator was solved with the SIMPLE algorithm as a conjugate problem.The numerical results showed that the heated surface temperatures of the evaporator were low,and the temperature difference along the heated surface was small.The temperature gradients in the wick structure of evaporator with fins increased,and the temperature distribution in the wick structure was reasonable.The temperatures of heated surface and bottom metal wall of finned evaporator decreased,and the heat transfer capacity was improved remarkably.


to explore the development of community health service in the city, summarize the approaches and measures of community heath in Yongqiao District of Suzhou City, and propose that it is possible to promote high-level community health service by rationally allocating resources, model demonstration, guiding medical institution transformation and implementing supporting measures.


The classification,structure,properties and applications of dendritic polymers were introduced briefly and their uses in leather industry were discussed intensively.Scientific research achievements were summarized in recent years by the sequences of leather-making process.Finally,their application foregrounds in leather industry were forecasted.


Abstract The cDNA for the full-length porcine estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and an alternatively spliced transcript with a deletion of exon 5 (ERβδ5) was cloned from pig ovary. RNase protection assays revealed that ERβ mRNA was expressed in the preovulatory follicles and early, midluteal, and regressing corpora lutea (CL) of eCG ± hCG-primed gilts. ERβ and ERβδ5 transcripts were shown by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to be expressed at a ratio of approximately 2:1 in granulosa cells, small, medium, and large antral follicles, and midluteal phase corpora lutea of unprimed animals. Immunoreactive ERβ proteins corresponding to the size of in vitro translated ERβ and ERβδ5 were detected by immunoblot. Full-length ERβ was detected in granulosa, small, medium, and large antral follicles, and midluteal phase CL of unprimed animals. Putative ERβδ5 immunoreactive bands were abundant only in granulosa cell extracts. In COS-1 cells, transfected ERβδ5 had no effect on basal transcription of an estrogen-responsive reporter construct but did repress wild-type ERβ transactivation when cotransfected at 10-fold excess plasmid. No repression of ERα transactivation was observed. In primary granulosa cell cultures, transfected ERβδ5 plasmid did not inhibit basal reporter activation. ERβδ5 was shown by immunofluorescence to localize to the nucleus in transfected COS-1 cells. In vitro translated ERβδ5 proteins bound estrogen response elements in DNA in electrophoretic mobility shift assays, as indicated by supershift analysis. ERβ is abundant in porcine ovary, and a naturally occurring splice variant missing exon 5 may have biological function.


Aromatic ethers of aliphatic alcohols represent an important structural motif in many naturally occurring and med-icinally relevant compounds. Palladium-catalyzed aliphatic alcohol arylation is a kind of important methods to access them. This review focuses on four types of phosphorus ligands successfully employed in C — O cross coupling reactions of aliphatic alcohols. The applications of C — O cross coupling reactions are summarized and the reaction potential research areas are also discussed.


On the basis of the molecular sequences of 12S r-RNA gene of 16 species of Costellariidae the phylogenetic hypothesis is proposed. The anatomy of the foregut and radula of 15 species of the family was studied. The anterior foregut is the most rich in phy- logenetically informative characters in Costellariidae and Neogastropoda in general. 6 types of anatomy of the mid-oesophagus have been recognized. They differ in the anatomy of the gland of Leiblein and in the presence/absence and state of development of the glan- dular tube, formed by stripping off and closure of the glandular folds of mid-oesophagus. On the basis of molecular phylogeny it was demonstrated that the most basal underived type of anterior foregut was found in still unnamed species of the family. It is characterized by unmodified gland of Leiblein opening directly into glandular mid-oesophagus. It is proved that the process of the formation of the glandular tube and transforma- tion of the gland of Leiblein into muscular organ oc- curred in Costellariidae independently from other line- ages of Neogastropoda. The functional morphology of the digestive system is discussed. The most probable source of toxins in costellariids is despite expectations not the gland of Leiblein, but accessory or primary salivary glands.


This study investigates the influence of a buyer's procurement capabilities on suppliers' compliance with the three most pressing labor issues: working time, compensation, and health and safety. The findings suggest that supplier selection positively influences the upholding of working time and compensation requirements at suppliers' sites while supplier development has no significant effect on suppliers' compliance with any of the three social concerns. Health and safety is not affected by any of the procurement capabilities which may explain why suppliers often do not achieve full compliance with a social standard despite that buyers increasingly invest resources for this purpose.