This paper presents a new filtering scheme for processing the chromatic components of color images, expressed by the CIE u' and v' chromaticity coordinates. The new scheme extends to image filtering the center of gravity law of color mixture which describes the mixing of two colors within u'v' chromaticity diagrams. The most interesting property of the proposed filtering framework is the elimination of the annoying hue shifts along edges between bright and dark areas, which would be introduced by the simple linear filtering of the u' and v' signals. Four examples of lowpass filtering reported and discussed in the paper that clearly demonstrate this important feature.


While mechanically flexible substrate materials are widely used in electronics, especially for interconnects between moving system parts or medical sensors to be mounted onto the body surface, they are barely used in micro- and millimeter-wave applications. In this work, the design permittivity of a low-cost, polymer-based flexible substrate is extracted by measurement and the insertion losses of typical line structures are measured. Moreover, application examples of a patch antenna and a bendable substrate-integrated waveguide are presented.


The landslide susceptibility mapping and hazard warning are widely adopted tools by the government, stakeholders and the public for landslide disaster preparedness and emergency planning. This study presented a modelling tool based on geographic information system (GIS) and machine learning to aid the two-step modelling procedure. The machine learning methods including artificial neural networks, support vector machines, and logistic regression were integrated into the GIS environment for modelling landslide susceptibility to simplify and automate the routines of model training, verification and prediction. Then, the meta-element model was employed to take the landslide susceptibility, antecedent effective rainfall and 24-hour forecasted rainfall as inputs to determine the landslide hazard level. The architecture to deploy the established meta-element model for real-time landslide hazard warning was also proposed. A study case in Chunan, China was selected to demonstrate the applicability of the modelling tool to aid landslide susceptibility mapping and real-time hazard warning in response to a typhoon event. The developed modelling tool was desired to evolve into cloud computing architecture to facilitate easy-to-reuse and uplift its scalability.


Disclosed is a method for preparing a silodosin intermediate. The silodosin intermediate is the compound as shown by formula (1), and is prepared with an easily obtained indoline derivative and R-alanine derivative as starting materials through a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction, a reduction reaction, a formylation reaction, an oximation reaction, a dehydration reaction, a hydrolysis reaction and a salt-forming reaction. The compound is used for preparing silodosin. Silodosin is used for treating urination disorders related to benign prostatic hyperplasia. The present application has the advantages that the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the preparation method is easy to operate, the yield is high, the production cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.


Ide-cel, a B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, significantly improved median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR) versus standard regimens in patients with triple-class–exposed (TCE) relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in the KarMMa-3 study (NCT03651128; Rodríguez-Otero et al. NEJM 2023). Previous analyses in KarMMa (Munshi et al. NEJM 2021) of patients with later-line (4L+) TCE RRMM identified low baseline levels and complete clearance of soluble BCMA (sBCMA, a measure of tumor burden) and early minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity as correlates of durable response to ide-cel.


The present invention relates to a process for preparing an olefin polymerization catalyst, a nucleofugic represented by the general formula [2] by the reaction of the cyclopentadienyl metal substituent transition in the ligand compound represented by the general formula [1] used in the olefin polymerization, the transition with a metal It relates to a process for the preparation of a metallocene catalyst. (Compound 1) Wherein in the general formula 1 A is a C Cp is a cyclopentadienyl group, substituted cyclopentadienyl group, indenyl group, substituted indenyl group, fluorenyl group, selected from a substituted fluorenyl group and a group having a cyclopentadienyl ligand; R is alkyl of C H is a hydrogen atom; Si is silicon atom; N is a nitrogen atom. (Compound 2) In the general formula 2, A, R, Si, N, and Cp are the same as defined above, M is a Group 4 transition metal is titanium, zirconium or hafnium, X is a halogen atom or alkyl of C Catalyst, the metallocene, the transition metal, production process, titanium, zirconium, hafnium


This article investigates how concern about equity has arisen in the planning and implementation of high-occupancy/toll lane projects, or so-called "HOT lanes." Specifically, the research assesses (1) where and how equity issues have surfaced in the debate over HOT lanes and (2) how practicing planners have responded to these equity concerns. By looking explicitly at the planning process through a series of case studies and a review of newspaper coverage, the research suggests strategies for how practitioners can craft a comprehensive and meaningful framework for assessing and addressing equity issues.


Introduction A Literary Analysis of A Tale of Two Cities Before the Deluge The Events of the French Revolution Thomas Carlyle's French Revolution Dickens and Carlyle: Common Threads The Mob in Two Cities, and the "Terror" Voices from the Prisons of Paris in the Terror Revolution: When, What and How Due Process of Law: The Rights of Man Capital Punishment Prison Isolation and Its Consequences Human Dissection and the "Resurrection Man" Glossary Index


Progress in the field of gene transfer with non‐viral vectors requires systems that allow efficient gene expression in the presence of biological fluids such as pulmonary surfactants, for gene transfer to the respiratory epithelium for cystic fibrosis gene therapy, or bile salts (which contain powerful anionic detergents), for gene transfer to the biliary epithelium for gene therapy of the hepatobiliary disease associated with cystic fibrosis (CF). We have performed a comparative analysis of the disintegration and DNA accessibility of fluorinated and conventional lipoplexes, and their in vitro transfection potential in the presence of a powerful biliary surfactant.


Toothed Leionema is one of four subspecies of Leionema bilobum from the Rutaceae family. A dense shrub or small tree, growing to ~4 m high, it is a poorly investigated species which is considered rare in Victoria, Australia. This paper presents the results of a study using Geographical Information Systems and Weights-of-Evidence predictive modelling to assess the importance of seven environmental factors in determining habitat suitability for this species in the Strzelecki Ranges, Victoria. This method is particularly useful in understanding the distribution of rare species, especially where the ecology of the species of interest is not well understood. Of the seven environmental factors considered here, four were found to be important: elevation, aspect, distance to water and distance to plantation (disturbed) areas. The modelling results indicate that areas with elevations between 350 and 550 m and a dominant south-western aspect that are close to plantation areas (within 700 m), and to water (within 1100–1200 m), provide potentially suitable habitat for Toothed Leionema in the region.


Cloud computing dramatically impacted the way we play, work and live. It has been widely adopted in many sectors mainly because it reduces the cost of performing tasks in a flexible, scalable and reliable way. The highest possible level of protection must be applied in order to provide a secure cloud computing architecture. Unfortunately, the cloud computing paradigm introduces new scenarios where security protection techniques are weakened or disabled to obtain better performance and resources exploitation. An important case is the memory deduplication mechanism which is canceled by the address space layout randomization (ASLR) protection technique. In this paper, we present a precise analysis of the impact on the memory deduplication technique when kernel randomization is enabled. Our experiments show that the memory overhead to run 24 kernels is increased by 534% (from 613 MiB to 3.9 GiB) when kernel ASLR is enabled.


This volume integrates the military and social histories of the American Civil War in its chapter organization. Its contributors use war and society methods: a holistic approach to understanding war and its consequences that incorporates the topics and techniques of a variety of historical subfields. Each chapter narrates a military campaign embedded in its strategic, political, and social context. Authors explore the consequences of a military campaign for the people who lived in its path and provide analysis of how an army's presence reverberated throughout society in its region of operation. The volume yields a number of important insights about the impact of military campaigns, including the scale of movement, deportation, and depopulation among civilians; how the refugee experience and military action shaped emancipation as a process; the extent of guerrilla warfare; resistance to federal authority in the Great Plains and the Southwest; locations of localized total war; the implementation of military conscription in the Confederacy; a campaign's consequences for cities, rural areas, and the natural environment; and the synergy between war and politics. Chapters consider the role of weather, topography, logistics, and engineering in the conduct of military campaigns.


From 1983,the income tax accounting which was the tax payable method to the current enterprise accounting standards of the balance sheet method in China has experienced several times. From the " book value" "tax base" concept to study of " temporary difference in tax payment" and " the temporary difference" deeply,this article analyzes the " income tax expense" " income tax payable" and some other difficult issues,and provides accounting ideas to the accountant.


This article examines, and publishes in an annex, a letter written by Yom Tov ben Hannah of Montalbán. This letter describes how the seventy Jews of Pamiers were forced to raise money to ransom their lives. Henri Gross presumed that it was count Gaston III of Foix (d. 1391), who had tried to extort money from the Jewish community. A re-examination suggests that the imprisonment of the Jews of Pamiers occurred after the promulgation of the edict of expulsion from France (1394), and represented a final attempt by count Mathieu of Foix, to extort money before the Jews' departure.


The result of studies on the photosynthesis index of Dendrocalamopsis oldhami infested by Bambusaspis notabile to different degrees showed that compared with the uninfested ones,the SPDA value of D.oldhami with light,moderate and heavy damage were reduced by 4.6%,12.4% and 22.4% respectively;their net photosynthetic rates decreased by 7.79%,16.39% and 29.38% respectively;their dark respiration rates increased by 5.49%,26.67% and-7.39% respectively;their photorespiration rates increased by 6.60%,30.08% and-11.56% respectively;their CO2 compensation point increased by 1.15,1.48 and 2.04 times respectively.There were significant or great significant differences in various photosynthesis indexes among D.oldhami infested to different degrees.


Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is cause by Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV). It is an enveloped RNA virus belonging to the family of retroviruses
responsible for destroying the human immune defence system. HIV antibody testing is
critical for the diagnosis and counselling of HIV-infected persons, monitoring of trends in
HIV prevalence, and evaluation of the effectiveness of HIV prevention programmes.
Serological tests to detect antibodies to HIV became available in 1985, and since then more
kits for this test are still being produced. A total of 500 positive and 500 negative samples
were screened for HIV antibodies using Genie II HIV 1 & 2(BIO-RAD; 3, Boulevard
Raymond Poincare 92430 MARNES LA COQUETTE- FRANCE) and SeroCard™ HIV 1
& 2 Rapid (Trinity Biotech PLC; IDA Business Park Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland.) and were
further confirmed using New Lav Blot 1 western blot kit (BIO-RAD; 3, Boulevard Raymond
Poincare 92430 MARNES LA COQUETTE- FRANCE). These samples were screened
using the HIV1 & 2 one-step self-test kit (Bremancos Diagnostics Inc. BDI with lot Number
0141503) to evaluate its performance. Whole blood, serum or plasma was used for the
evaluation. Sensitivity of 99.2% and specificity of 99.8% were observed from the three sets
of tests conducted while positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.99 and negative predictive
value (NPV) of 0.99 each were calculated. The HIV 1 & 2 one-step-self test kit compared
well with Genie II HIV1 & 2 kit and western blot kit for detecting HIV antibodies in patient\'s
samples. Whole blood, plasma or serum can be used for the screening and easy for self test. Keywords : HIV; AIDS; Genie II HIV I &2; SeroCard™ HIV 1&2 Rapid; New Lav Blot 1; HIV1 & 2 one-step-self test. JOPAT Vol. 12 2007: pp.51-55


Fluoride as a supplement can affect the structural integrity ofbone, Fluoride that is incorporated in the mineral, substitutes for the hydroxyl group producing hydroxyfluorapatite crystals and presurned to increase bone strength by preventing resorption. Because ofthls, fluoride therapy has been carried out in clinical tria[s for the treatment ofosteoporesis. Although fiuoride renders the mineralized tlssues resistant to resorption, the effects offluoride on bone strength and cortical bone mass speciatLy that ofthe developing bone has not yet been characterized. The purpose ofthe study was to analyze the effect of fluorlde on developing teeth and bone in young rats through histomorphemetry. Sixteen wistar rats were used and divided into two greups; nonfluoride supplemented (control) arid fiueride-supplemented greups. Four weeks after, the rats were sacrlficed and the mandible and femur were subjected to histological and histomorphometric ar]alyses. No ctinical differenee was observed between the two groups. The amount ofmineral ized cartilage was higher in fluoride-supplemented group compared te the controa group. However, the amount of new bone was Lesser in fluoride-supplemented group compared to tbe centrol group. This histomorphometric analysis showed that during endechondral ossificatien, 1O ppm fluoride administration caused some changes in calcified cartitage and bone mineralization m young rats,


Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis has associations with both thrombosis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). Management of patients having coexistence of both thrombotic and hemorrhagic manifestations is challenging. Thrombotic conditions require anticoagulation, which can theoretically increase the risk of bleeding and thereby worsen DAH. In this review, we highlight the management of a patient of granulomatosis with polyangiitis with DAH who developed deep vein thrombosis. A systematic review of the literature was also performed summarizing and discussing the issues pertaining to the management of such patients.


Fig. 3: SAR distribution maps (axial slice) computed from coupled (Left) and isolated E-field (Right) 4588 Impact of coupling in Tx-array coil design for transmit SENSE at 3T Pei-Shan Wei, Michael J. Smith, Christopher P. Bidinosti, Jarod Matwiy, and Scott B. King Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, National Research Council of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada


Assessing the environmental impacts of buildings is inherently an interdisciplinary issue. The concept of ecological capacity can be put into an architectural context and is developed as a time- and area-dependent tool to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental building design. By basing the measure of building impacts on the ecological capacity of a site, we find a common language between architectural and ecological disciplines and we generate useful analyses for establishing sustainability parameters. This method offers the additional benefit of generating environmental design criteria that can reduce the environmental impacts of construction. The use of Ecosystems Services Criteria is a simple and effective method for objectively assessing the ecological impacts of a building. The overall size of the impact is measurable (IBS), as well as the ecological efficiency of the building (IES). The common baseline (hectare / years) allows projects of different sizes and typologies to be objectively compared. In application, this method allows building designers to plan the ecological debit and return of their interventions, much as they may develop a financial plan. The method recognizes individual efforts towards environmental responsibility, and also shows the magnitude of our interdependence. An ecologically derived baseline is shown to measure negative impacts as well as positive impacts of buildings. As we increase the positive impacts of our buildings beyond their negative impacts, we will have a net positive change on our ecosystems structure. This is a profound change in thinking, making us into guardians of our environment, where we are continually investing in and profiting from our environmental stewardship. The implication of this information is that as the value of our ecosystem services become socially recognized, it will be well within our technical means to design buildings to create an ecological profit.


Currently more and more attention is paid to human breath analysis for different diseases. This review covers the major works devoted to exhaled breath analysis of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the possibility of early diagnosis and monitoring of these patients on basis of their gas excretion analysis are discussed. Application of spectrometry for human breath analysis makes it easier to see phenotypes of COPD. That helps to choose the correct treatment. Noninvasiveness of methods of breath analysis allows considering them as perspective and valuable for diagnostics in clinical proceeding.


This study was undertaken to better understand the governing processes and reaction conditions under which NOx is produced in Waste to Energy (WtE) boilers. A three dimensional CFD model was created and calculated using the GRI 3.0, 50 species, 309 step detailed chemical kinetic model (DCKM) for methane/ethane combustion. Model results for primary NOx emissions and other pollutants agree well with collected data, proving the fidelity of the model. NO was the primary pollutant accounting for approximately 99% of the total NOx emissions. Fuel bound nitrogen was found to be the main source of NO produced in the boiler with thermal and prompt mechanisms having lesser impacts. Three principal intermediates were identified in the formation of NO; NH, HNO, and NCO. The assumption of fuel nitrogen conversion to either NH3 or HCN is an unknown parameter that was shown to have a small impact on NO emissions, indicating that this is an area that should not be explored further in this continuing study. Furthermore, varying the boiler pressure had a small impact on final NO emissions, indicating that this is not a condition that should be considered for plant operation. The next phase of this research will include the development of a reduced DCKM in order to expedite the running of new scenarios for future studies as well as optimization of boiler geometry and combustion mixing to achieve the lowest possible NOx emissions.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


The reserach is focused on the resistance of bio-polymer thin film to bio-degradation in compost soil from renewable resources based on waste banana peel and waste egg shell in polymer matrix. The combination of waste banana peel and waste egg shell in producing of bio-mulching film is a new inovation in agricultural industry . Bio-mulching film is a biodegradable plastics films that can help in increasing the moisture content of soil and improving the soil ingredients in order to make the plants grow well. The thin film is produced by using the waste banana banana peelas the reinforcement fiber, eggshell as filler and epoxy resin as matrix. The thickness of thin film was in between 0.10 mm to 0.15 mm. The epoxy/waste banana banana peelwith eggshell (EWE) 10%, were affected by bio-degradation in soi burial test where the occurances of surface damages, which in turn enhances the degradation of physical properties.


Background: The aim of this study was to compare pre-mortem histopathology findings in rats with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its prospective application in forensic medicine. Methods: This study involved 12 rats with 6 rats for each treatment group. This type of study is a laboratory experimental study with a case control design. The control group were rats that did not experience TBI. The case group was a group of rats with TBI. The subjects of this study were Rattus norvegicus rats, adult males, 4-8 weeks old, weighing 150-200 grams. On the 8th day after the rats experienced traumatic brain injury, the rats were then euthanized using the cervical dislocation method, after euthanasia the rats were given craniotomy and brain tissue was taken for histopathology examination. Results: The description of histopathology changes in the brain organs in the group of rat without TBI found that neuron cells looked normal although there were also degeneration (21.16 ± 2.56/FV), necrosis (5.75 ± 0.98/FV), apoptosis (2.91 ± 0.80/FV), congestion ( 0.91 ± 0.49/FV), inflammatory cells (4.58 ± 1.15/FV) and hemorrhage (2.41 ± 1.11/FV). Changes in the rat traumatic brain injury group showed a lot of damage to neuron cells in the form of degeneration (48.41 ± 3.27/FV), necrosis (36.66 ± 2.89/FV), apoptosis (18.91 ± 1.24/FV), congestion (2.50 ±0.31/FV), inflammatory cells (11.41 ± 1.71/FV) and hemorrhage (10.08 ± 2.17/FV). Based on the results of statistical analysis, it can be seen that in all parameters there is a significant difference (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: The premortem histopathology findings in rats with and without TBI which can be used for the benefit of forensic medicine in determining whether TBI is present or not.  It is necessary to look more closely at the histopathology changes in the form of necrosis, apoptosis and hemorrhage.


The technology includes prodrugs for treating various diseases and / or disorders, including methylphenidate or methylphenidate derivatives linked to at least one alcohol, amine, oxoacid, thiol, or derivative thereof. Directed to the composition. In some embodiments, the conjugate further comprises at least one linker. The technology also relates to the synthesis of methylphenidate or methylphenidate derivatives bound to at least one alcohol, amine, oxoacid, thiol, or derivative or combination thereof. [Selection] FIG.


This paper describes a computer aided drafting system which has been developed by a firm of consulting engineers for the production of design and construction drawings. Although it is applicable to many engineering disciplines, this paper deals mainly with the structural engineering aspects of the development and use made of the system, with particular reference to reinforcement detailing. A highway bridge detail is shown as an example. (TRRL)


We propose and demonstrate a wavelength and bandwidth tunable silicon photonic filter over the O+C+L band using novel Mach-Zehnder interferometers and vernier microring resonators. All bands show ultra-high out-of-band extinction ratios over -35 dB. In C and L bands, the 3dB bandwidth can be tuned from 27.48 pm to 53.77 pm, with the total insertion loss varying from −2.31 dB to −11.27 dB. In the O band, the 3dB bandwidth varies from 4.74 pm to 23.4 pm, with the total insertion loss from −2.21 dB to −6.72 dB.


This thesis begins with an analysis into the present status of Chinese Traditional Medicine and tries to discuss from several aspects some measures to be taken for its internationalization,with the hope of providing some beneficial notions for its Modernization and internationalization.


The optoelectronic properties of n-TiO2NW/p-Si heterojunction fabricated by depositing TiO2 nanowires on a p-Si substrate are studied. Under excitation at a wavelength of 370 nm, the TiO2 nanowires produce a light emission at 435 nm due to the emission of free excitons. The I—V characteristics are measured to investigate the heterojunction effects under the dark environment and ultraviolet (UV) illumination. n-TiO2NW/p-Si has a p—n junction formed in the n-TiO2/p-Si heterojunction. TiO2NW/Si photodiode produces a photocurrent larger than dark current under UV illumination. It is observed that UV photons are absorbed in TiO2 and the heterojunction shows a 0.034-A/W responsivity at 4-V reverse bias.


Abstract A 30 year old female patient complained of pain and swelling of the small joints of the hands and legs. On enquiry, she informed that her skin over the tips of the fingers of both hands show episodes of colour changes (blanching, followed by cyanosis and then rubor; tri-phasic colour response). This is Raynaud's phenomenon in a case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Brief Case History: DS, aged about 30 years, female patient reported to the Outpatients' department of Peerless Hospitex Hospital in Kolkata, India in April 2015, complaining of pain and swelling of the joints mostly the small joints of the hands and legs. On enquiry, she informed that her skin over the tips of the fingers of both hands show episodes of colour changes (blanching, followed by cyanosis and then rubor; tri-phasic colour response). This colour changes typically occurred when she exposed her hands to cold as well as when she is emotionally upset (Image). She had fever, malaise, weakness and typical butterfly rashes in the face as well as reddish rashes all over the chest, some in the back and a few in the legs. Laboratory investigations revealed that ESR and C-reactive protein were high; ANA and DsDNA reactive. She was diagnosed to be suffering from Raynaud's phenomenon in the context of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). It affects more females than men. She was treated following standard guidelines as outpatient and after some time she left for her village.

Acknowledgment: We are grateful to the patient (name not disclosed) for allowing us to publish this photograph.


It is doubtful that our age can lay claim to having formulated a significant moral ideal, but perhaps the most promising candidate is the ideal of pluralism. It involves rejection of the destructive quest for a summum bonum, and the growing recognition that the legitimate ends of life are many, that there is a wide variety of good and admirable lives, and that there is no blueprint drawn in heaven which would provide those who gained access to it with the knowledge of how to live well. The implications of pluralism are many, and some of them are subversive of widely accepted values. The aim of this essay is to discuss one unsettling consequence of pluralism. Pluralism is a thesis about values, and it is part of this thesis that many values are incommensurable and conflicting. It is usual to interpret the plurality of incommensurable values, and the conflicts thereby produced, as obtaining within morality. Incommensurability is taken to hold between moral values, and the resulting conflicts are regarded as moral. Much has been written about this, and I do not propose to add to it. My interest is in discussing pluralism as it affects a particular type of conflict between moral and nonmoral values. Since it will be central to the discussion, I must now indicate what I mean by "moral" and "nonmoral" values. All values derive from benefits and harms to sentient beings, but I shall ignore other sentient beings here and concentrate on benefits and harms for human beings.


A documentation service, oriented to the needs of information for compilation of papers for this encyclopaedia, exists here since 1947. It aims at maintaining a central reservoir of information consisting of literature files and catalogue of bibliographic references. This catalogue is compiled after careful sc rutin y and indexing of relevant scientific literature contained in numerous journals, reports, bulletins etc.


Abstract A fragile remnant of an illuminated music manuscript on parchment was found sewn on to a paper court register from a small town in East Yorkshire. The parchment folio was taken from a rare York Breviary, and had extensive illumination undertaken in a style typical of fourteenth-century French manuscript production. The paper of the court register had watermarks that placed it towards the end of the sixteenth century. This composite artefact arrived in the archives without a binding and it is not known how the two different parts came to be together. The damage sustained by the parchment folio rendered it unusable, and treatment with as little moisture as possible was desired. The treatment described here is focused on lining the parchment folio using remoistenable tissue and methyl cellulose. The limitations posed by parchment with extensive deterioration, and the criteria used in the treatment decisions, are discussed.


The Internet has become a popular andfrequently used toolfor many consumers. It is not surprising, then, that for-profit counseling services are being offered via the Internet. In this article, the author provides a case study followed by a discussion of the ethical dilemmas raised by cybercounseling.


The adsorption of sarin from n -heptane solutions by silica gels, alumina, bentonite, and certain carbonaceous adsorbents was studied. The results obtained have been interpreted according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Of the various adsorbents tested, those of a silicaceous nature were found to be superior, exhibiting very strong adsorptive tendencies toward the fluorophosphate ester. A linear relationship was found to exist between the limiting adsorptive capacity and the specific surface area of the adsorbents. The average area occupied by a sarin molecule, furthermore, was found to be approximately 80 A 2 , irrespective of the adsorbent, a value in reasonable agreement with that suggested by a molecular model. Both of these relationships indicate that sarin is adsorbed primarily as a unimolecular layer.


*Ms. Giampetro's article received the second place award in the 1985 Howard C. Schwab Memorial Award Contest in the field of family law. She graduated in May 1986 from the Marshall-Wythe School of Law at the College of William and Mary in Williams burg, Virginia. She is currently an assistant professor of law at the Sellinger School of Business and Management at Loyola College in Baltimore, MD. 1. See W. Trattner, From Poor Law to Welfare State: A History of Social Welfare in America 96 (1984). Child welfare includes "all those activities and services by individuals, and public and private agencies for the benefit of dependent, neglected, or delinquent children." Trattner explains that the historic interest in child welfare stems from two facts. First, historically, children formed one of the largest groups among the ranks of the neglected and needy. Second, children were not responsible for their con dition. Of all those who received help, Trattner explains, children seemed the most deserving. Id. at 96-97. 2. In 1982, 11.5 million persons in the United States aged eighteen and over listed their marital status as divorced. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, No. 50, Marital Status of the Population, By Sex: 1940 to 1982 in Statistical Abstract of the United States 43 (1984) [hereinafter cited as U.S. Department of Commerce]. 3. Economic factors can affect the child's emotional development in addition to their effects on the child's standard of living. See, e.g., Wallerstein & Huntington, Bread and Roses: Nonfinancial Issues Related to Fathers' Economic Support of Their Children Following Divorce, in The Parental Child Support Obligation 135, 153 (J. Cassetty


It is more intensive understanding of laws and morality to emphasize managing the state by morality as well as by laws. The harmonious connection between laws and relevant rules governing moral and ethical behavior ensures the stable and sound functioning of the legislative system. As the footstone of law industry, professional training of morality in this sphere is of great importance. The reasons to intensify, the process and the execution of the professional training of morality in law in the US further illustrate its importance and provide us with some standards to refer to. It is absolutely necessary to set specialized courses in law schools in colleges and universities, to organize necessary qualification examinations and to carry out life - time education in professional training of morality with thorough awareness of the its importance .


S.G.J. Plettenburg4210530 Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology Abstract: In 2015 the Housing Act was revised in order to further regulate the social housing sector in the Netherlands and thereby improve the steering possibilities for the central government to coordinate housing associations. The local performance agreements for (social) housing policy is one of the policy instruments which obtained a legal status in the revised Housing Act. By means of this policy instrument the central government seeks to facilitate and ensure cooperative, but non-permissive, networks of municipalities, housing associations and tenants' organisations in order to release funds by housing associations for social benefit. Moreover, by means of these local networks the position of municipalities and tenants' organisations in social housing should be enhanced to ensure the social and democratic legitimacy of housing associations. In depth-interviews are held with experts and involved actors of the local performance agreements networks in three municipalities in the Netherlands to answer the following research question: "Which barriers can be distinguished by the implementation of the policy instrument of local performance agreements between municipalities, housing associations and tenants' organisations?". The identified barriers can be divided in two main sets: issues in the broader governance structure and issues with the organisational structure of the local performance agreements networks. These barriers need to be addressed to make sure the objectives pursued by the policy instrument and the broader Housing Act will be achieved.


The aggregation properties of derivatives of linear trans-quinacridone, an archetypal pigment, have been explored in two and three dimensions. The sparse solubility of the parent quinacridone pigment in common organic solvents can be traced back to the formation of a network of hydrogen bonds. Introducing aliphatic substituents on specific positions of the quinacridone core leads to an increased solubility without hampering the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. With UV−Vis absorption, steady-state fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopy, the aggregation behavior of these substituted quinacridone derivatives is studied. On the basis of these data, models are proposed for the aggregate structure in solution. In addition, the two-dimensional ordering on graphite of these compounds and N,N'-dialkylated analogues has been investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy. The comparison between the two-dimensional organization and the solution data allows one to identify the extent of intermolecular in...


In this paper, we explore the property of pixel value distortion and present a watermarking scheme robust to this distortion. From the investigation on the noise property of the print-and-scan process, we find that the smooth blocks get less distorted during this process. Watermark embedded in these blocks is probably more robust to the print-and-scan distortion. However, protecting the texture blocks from distortion is also necessary because the watermark extractor within this blind watermarking scheme also uses these texture blocks. For this reason, we design the noise adding operation to compensate the print-and-scan distortion to the texture blocks. In addition, the watermark extractor also affects the whole system performance, so we use the multiple-vote operation to enhance the robustness of water extractor. The rules of the multiple-vote operation are specially designed based on the property of the print-and-scan distortion.


Persimmon wine and a brewing method belong to the technical field of brewing science and engineering. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the persimmon wine keeping the original flavor of persimmons and a brewing method of the persimmon wine. The process is as follows: 1. selecting fruit; 2. breaking and sterilizing; 3. adding yeast and primarily fermenting for 1d; 4. juicing and separating pomace; 5. adding sugar and secondarily fermenting; 6. filtering residue and can sealing; 7. clarifying with pectinase and filtering; and 8.cryotreating and canning. The persimmon wine is characterized in that the persimmon wine is faint yellow, clear and transparent and has pure, fine, refreshing and harmonious aroma. The invention has the following advantages: 1. full persimmons are extracted and the juice is used for fermentation, without adding water; and 2. pectinase is not added in the processes of juice extraction and fruit wine brewing, and astringency removal process is omitted. The invention plays important roles in promoting reasonable processing and utilization of the persimmon resources, forming the post-harvest processing industrial chain and adjusting the fruit processing industrial structure.


This study was instituted to test the validity of the assumption that the growth failure in the "maternal deprivation syndrome" is due to psychological factors. Eleven of 13 maternally deprived infants gained weight at an accelerated rate when fed adequately while living in a hospital environment which simulated their home environment. Two failed to gain, but their intakes were low. In addition, seven of seven deprived infants gained rapidly in their own homes when fed an adequate diet by the mother (in the presence of our observer) during a period when it was unlikely that overall maternal handling improved. The data suggest that maternally deprived infants are underweight because of undereating which is secondary to not being offered adequate food or not accepting it, and not because of some psychologically induced defect in absorption or metabolism.


Thermoluminescence Dosimeter (TLD) is used as an ionizing radiation detector in the field of clinical radiotherapy, diagnostic radiology, personal radiation monitoring as well as in environmental radiation dosimetry. The sensitivity of all the TLDs is not the same even though the manufacturer produced them in the same batch. The response of TLD at various doses is also not always linear. In the present study fifty-seven rod shaped LiF TLDs had been irradiated by doses of 50cGy, 100cGy, 150cGy and 200cGy using 60 Co teletherapy unit of Dhaka Medical College (Alcyon II, CGR, McV, France). The TLDs were placed in the grooves of a slab phantom and then covered by a 0.5cm thick plexiglass sheet. The phantom was then irradiated in the reference condition (10x10cm 2 field size, 80cm SSD). After irradiation, readout of TLDs was done using a Harshaw TLD reader (Model 3500). Measurements were performed three times for each dose value and their average was taken. For convenience all fifty-seven TLDs were divided into nineteen groups. Grouping was done according to the response of the TLDs for a fixed dose value. In a particular group of TLDs, variation of the response of the dosimeters is the smallest one. The dose (cGy) – response (nC) linearity curve of TLDs for each of the nineteen groups showed to be very close to unity. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.8 No.1 2015 14-21


The early business career of motion pictures lies entangled in the correspondence and documents of the firm of Raff & Gammon which have been presented to our organization through the kindness of Terry Ramsaye, Editor-in-Chief of Pathé Exchange, Inc., New York. Lost in the volumes of vituperative letters from impatient dealers and the business negotiations of Raff & Gammon for the sale of monopoly rights for whole states, the business history of the industry awaits a thorough ransacking of the available documents. What is most apparent immediately is the excitement of the public in the new invention and the rush of the more adroit to seize the profits from its immediate exploitation.


The authors look at the vast, far-reaching problem of Protein-Energy Malnutrition in Southern Africa, analyse and evaluate the different aspects, and then show and explain in a practical, step-by-step way, that intervention strategies are indeed, available. It is a complex, sensitive problem which needs a multi-sectorial ecological approach and should be the concern of top political bodies to co-ordinate all the various government) private and. foreign help, so that it becomes a well-organised, coordinated and comprehensive programme.


The display circuit board is provided that comprises a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor formed on the substrate. The thin film transistor comprises a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode, and the pixel electrode is formed in the drain electrodes are extended. Accordingly, reduction in the number of process steps and photo masks, and improve the productivity and reduce the manufacturing cost is. Pixel region, a photomask, a pixel electrode, a thin film transistor


A spectroscopic plasma tomography measurement system has been developed and operated on a field‐reversed configuration (FRC) plasma machine with the use of five photocollector arrays. Each photocollector array that is located azimuthally around the plasma column consists of ten optical fibers and a pinhole. Two‐dimensional (2D) and time‐resolved visible emission profiles can be reconstructed numerically from the fifty‐channel projection data. The use of five multichannel visible monochromators makes it possible to obtain a result that has explicit physical meanings. A computer simulation has been performed to demonstrate the potential to reconstruct the 2D profile without the assumptions about plasma rotation or symmetry. The first experimental result for visible bremsstrahlung emission profiles of the FRC plasma is presented.


Objective To measure the blood pressure of the patients with primary hypertension and observe the level of pulse pressure and its effect on early renal function.Methods A total of 176 patients with primary hypertension were measured blood pressure to calculate artery and vein blood pressure differences.Based on vein pressure value 60 mmHg,the patients were divided into the research group with the vein pressure value ≥60 mmHg and the control group with it < 60 mmHg.The normal situation and early renal function were observed and compared between two groups.Results The age,course of the disease and systolic pressure of patients in the research group were evidently higher than those of the control group,but diastolic pressure in the research group was evidently lower than that of latter.All the indexes of the renal function were evidently higher than those of the control group,there were statistical significanecs (P < 0.01 )Conclusions The pulse pressure is parameter that reflects the arterial clasticity in the patients with primary hypertension.The pulse pressure differences are involved with the early renal damage.To monitor the changes of pulse pressure level can provide a valuable objective index for diagnosing the disease and forecasting renal damage,so it has more clinical significance.

Key words:
Primary;  Hypertension;  Pulse pressure;  Early;  Renal function


The recovery of water driven gas reservoirs is dependent on many factors, such as the minimum entrance pressure to gathering pipelines, wellbore liquid head pressure loss for gas water mixed flow, and reservoir properties. During the early stage of development, empirical equation, material balanced equation, and reservoir simulation are used to predict the reservoir recovery, but the predicted recoveries are often very optimistic because of the absence of necessary reservoir performance data and the failure of the simulation model to calculate the wellbore mix flow. In this paper, a method of abandonment pressure calculation is given for water driven gas reservoirs(including water driven gas condensate reservoirs), which incorporates all factors affecting recovery during reservoir→wellbore→surface flow. Based on the material balanced equation for water driven gas reservoirs, the new equations are tested to be reliable and can be used widely.


From the stable geometry of 3-nitro-4-azidofuroxan(NAFO) optimized at B3LYP/6-31G(d) theoretical level,the vibrational frequencies of NAFO were obtained at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level and the NMR chemical shifts of NAFO were obtained at B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p) level.The frontier orbital energy gap(ΔE),the density(ρ),enthalpy of formation(ΔfHo),detonation velocity(D),detonation pressure(p) and impact sensitivity(H50) of NAFO were predicted.It was found that the ΔE,ρ,ΔfHo,D,p and H50 of NAFO are 422.45 kJ/mol,1.86 g/cm3,572.66 kJ/mol,9 398 m/s,40.71 GPa and 2.8 cm,respectively.The calculation results show that the detonation performances of NAFO are higher than those of RDX and HMX,but the impact sensitivity is higher than those of RDX and HMX.


This study examined the effects of social capital and access to micro credit on productivity of arable crop farmers inKwara State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was employed for the collection of data from 150 households in two local government areas (LGAs) of the state using probability proportionate to size of the LGAs. Data analyses were carried out using descriptive statistics, and regression analysis. Average ageof farmersstood at 45±11.9 years, household size of 6.0±3.1with 84 percent been educated. Different credit sources available to farmers were banks, cooperative societies, local money lenders,government agency, friends and family in decreasing order of importance. Analysis of social capital and access to credit on the arable crop farmers' productivity revealed that active participation in decision making and credit time lag actually decreased productivity. Moreover, result of the existence of bi-directional causality with the aid of instrumental variable showed improvement in the adjusted R 2 from 0.2015 to 0.238 compared to the use of aggregate social capital index. The study concludes that social capital and access to credit have positive influence on productivity and is an important factor in improving the income of members of local institution.


A simplified model for the method of no-standard microregion quantitative EDS analysis developed by the authors is described. The composition of specimens of Cu-Si, FeS, NaCl and GaAs as well as the multicomponent steels were calculated by this simplified model. The results obtained are in close agreement with that of previous model. It seems to be confirmed that this simplified model is available.


Abstract Though posttraumatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and otorrhea are fairly common, blepharocele and blepharoencephalocele are rare, with only 15 cases reported to date. A 29-year-old female patient presented with a complaint of swelling of the right eyelid that had begun three months before. The patient had sustained a head injury 24 years prior to presentation. Imaging studies revealed the presence of a craniopalpebral CSF fistula. The patient underwent successful surgical repair of the fistula with craniotomy and duroplasty by autologous fascia lata graft. Delayed development of blepharocele 24 years after trauma is unusual, and, to our knowledge, the case herein reported is the first one in the literature.


A T the outbreak of war, both editors and publishers were faced -̂ *with serious difficulties in continuing the GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE. Apart from financial considerations, there was very little material in hand, and naturally few manuscripts have since been received. It is hoped, however, to issue three further numbers to complete the volume for 1939, but it is necessary to reduce the size of each number issued. We further hope that before the end of the year, it will be possible to decide on future procedure. Every effort will be made to continue publication, but it may be necessary to modify the plan of publication by issuing numbers at less frequent intervals, such as bi-monthly or even quarterly, if only to lessen the difficulties of distribution overseas. It would be of the greatest possible assistance in making a decision if annual subscribers would notify the publishers (not the editors) as early as possible of their conditional intention to continue their subscriptions. We may, perhaps, remind readers that the GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE appeared without interruption throughout the years 1914—18, and both editors and publishers venture to think that it would be a loss to geological science if the Magazine should have to be discontinued, even temporarily, after a period of seventy-six years of uninterrupted publication. We, therefore, appeal to our subscribers for their continued support. If it is impossible to continue publication, any subscriptions actually paid for 1940 will, of course, be returned in full. E. H. R. 0. M. B. B.


minor modifications of the statements involved would make the statements compatible. For example, were one to delete "ultimate" and "final" from viii (a) and ' "legitimate" from vii, 1 would be made compatible with viii (a) and 6 compatible with vii. The following lists all the remaining pairs of statements drawn from the two sets that appear to conflict, even though they are compatible: 1 with i, 2 with ii, 3 with i, iii, and iv, 7 with iv and with vii (a), 8 with viii ( b ) . No other pairs with members drawn one from each set seem even to conflict. Indeed, certain pairs seem to be mutually reinforcing: 5 (a) and i, 8 and i, 8 and vi (b). At the same time, certain other pairs with members drawn both from one set seem to conflict (although to be compatible) : 5(b) with 8, i with viii ( b), vi(b ) with viii ( b). If any reconciliation of naturalism with transcendentalism is eventually attained, might it not be that the joint influence of these two moments on such a man as Peirce will have contributed to the attainment of that happy result?


This paper deals with the problem of 3-axis attitude stabilization of a satellite subjected to dynamics perturbations. The controller is based on the Linear Quadratic Gaussian control theory (LQG). The main purpose of the workis to synthesize a control law characterized by simplicity on implementation. The study considers the specific case of the Brazilian satellite PMM. The article presents the system modelling, the proposed control, and analysis of simulation results.


Lignite pyrolysis wastewater is a high concentration of refractory organic effluent. For the characteristics of containing high phenol, high ammonia nitrogen and high COD, the treated wastewater can comply with the Class A of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard, after being processed by using the combination technology of pretreatment +biochemical treatment + sewage treatment.


The effect of 0.45 wt. % Fe and 0.2 wt. % Ti additions on the age hardening behavior of Cu-Cr-Zr-Zn alloys has been investigated with respect to hardness, electrical conductivity and microstructure. It was showed that the addition of Fe /Ti to Cu-Cr-Zr-Zn alloys enhance strength and hardness, but decrease the electrical conductivity, and increase the aging temperature and time for attaining peak hardness. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that there are four types of phases in the alloy, Cu-matrix, Cr-rich, (Cu,Zr)-rich and (Fe,Ti)-rich phases.


We propose a treatment of 'extraposition' which allows items to be assimilated directly even when they appear far from their canonical positions. This treatment supports analyses of a number of phenomena which are otherwise hard to describe. The approach requires a generalisation of standard chart parsing techniques.


: The article provides a scientific analysis of the features and aspects of terminological metaphor and lexical terminology, revealing research approaches.


The enactment of the Citizenship Law No 12 of 2006 has brought up some different consequences, especially towards the status and legal position of children of an intermarriage. Children are subjects of law who are not yet capable of taking legal actions on their own and therefore have to be represented by their parents or legal guardians who have legal capacity. Children get the right to have dual citizenship until the age of 18 years. The concept of legal capacity in the Citizenship Law is determined when a child is at the age of 18 (eighteen) years old, where he or she is given the freedom to choose his or her citizenship status. The age is considered the age of consent at which a child can take a stance and be able to understand the consequences of the choice or decision he or she makes. The concept of legal capacity is closely related to the ability of a citizen to be responsible for his or her decision when he or she chooses the legal status of the citizenship. This research is descriptive-qualitative which means a literature review in a form of an analysis of previous research journals relevant to the topic of this research. For that reason, this research uses the approach of juridical normative. It means an approach done or shown to written regulations and other legal materials, meaning an analytical approach to the Legislation No. 12, 2006 on Indonesian


Sponges are porous animals that are filter feeders and they become a habitat for microorganisms to nest in their bodies. The result of the symbiosis between sponges and microorganisms, especially in bacteria is the ability of the sponge to produce bioactive compounds. One of the potentials derived from these bioactive compounds is antibacterial. This study aims to isolate and test the antibacterial activity of the endophytic symbiont bacteria Stylissa sp., as well as to carry out molecular identification using the 16S rRNA gene of symbiont bacteria isolates that show the greatest antibacterial power. Three isolates of endophytic symbiont bacteria were successfully obtained through the purification stage. Each isolate was coded E1, E2, and E3. With the average inhibition zone against Escherichia coli bacteria, E1 (7.26 mm) is in the moderate category, E2 (5.42 mm) is in the moderate category and E3 (0.96 mm) is in the weak category. While the antibacterial power against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, E1 (10.26 mm) in the moderate category, E2 (2.10 mm) in the moderate category, and E3 (0.17 mm) in the weak category. The endophytic bacteria that have the greatest antibacterial power is in isolate E1 which is based on molecular analysis using the 16S rRNA gene identified as Bacillus cereus bacteria.


The paper summaries the experience of implementing the information and communications technologies of distance learning recommended to children with disabilities; the need for distance learning of disabled children being denoted along with the concept of distance learning technologies. The author gives the general characteristics of existing informational educational platforms of the "Tele-school" and "I-school", functioning as the network resources and available in most regions of theRussian Federation. They give the necessary informational and methodological support to the distance education centers, organized for coordinating and guaranteeing the distance learning of children with disabilities; the main functions of the centers and the distance education models being outlined. The author considers the distance learning as a prospective educational trend supported by the state and society including teachers, parents and children. However, any educational model should comply with the unified requirements – i.e. availability of education, adaptability to different levels, needs and specifics of disabled children, and health protection.


The Shinkai Seep Field (SSF), located in the inner trench slope of the southern Mariana Trench, ~80 km northeast of the Challenger Deep, is a serpentinite-hosted chemosynthesis-based community composed mainly of Calyptogena bivalves. It has been considered that the community is supported by the following mechanism; serpentinization of mantle peridotite produces CH4-rich fluids, and anaerobic oxidation of CH4 by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) generates H2S. Then, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) oxidize the H2S in order to obtain energy and produce organic matter (Ohara et al., 2012). However, there have been no geochemical studies on the energy and nutrient sources supporting this community. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to elucidate nutrient sources of the community in SSF using C, N, and S isotope analyses. Nine animal species and particulate organic matter (POM) obtained around the colony and sediments obtained beneath the colony by Shinkai 6500 during YK13-08 cruise were analyzed. The animal samples were used to measure C, N, and S isotopes of their soft tissues, and the POM and sediment samples were measured total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) and their isotope ratios. Acid volatile sulfide (AVS) was extracted from the sediment samples to measure its concentration and sulfur isotopic ratio. TOC and AVS concentration increased with decreases in their isotopic ratios, suggesting that SOB produces organic matter using H2S derived from SRB activity in sediment beneath the colony. Because isotopic ratios of POM are within the range of the common marine phytoplankton, it is thought that the POM was produced within the phobic zone by photosynthesis. δC value of Calyptogena bivalves within the range of a typical chemosynthesis-based animals relying on SOB for a nutrient source, while δS value is approximately equal to that of AVS in the sediment. Thus, the energy source supporting the bivalves is H2S derived from SRB activity. Also, isotopic composition of the amphipod, polychaete, and anthozoan samples show intermediate values between the POM and sedimentary organic matter, suggesting that the nutrient sources of these organisms are organic matter derived from both photosynthetic and chemosynthetic productions. The sibogrinid has clearly different isotope composition, implying that this organism relies on SOB using the different carbon fixation pathway and/or methanotroph as nutrient sources.


The cost and feasibility of blending UNH streams of different uranium enrichments at HAPO was evaluated on a preliminary basis. Cases studied were blending 37.5% enriched UNH with depleted E metal UNH to yield a 0.947% enriched end product, and blending depleted E metal UNH with the depleted natural uranium to yield 0.7115% enriched end product. A reasonable degree of feasibility is indicated for such a blend program at HAPO.


In this paper we explain how we built cueTable, a multi-touch interactive tabletop, as a base technology to explore new interaction concepts for cooperative and competitive multi-touch applications. We present the Puh game application. And most of all we report on user feedback to the cueTable and the Puh game.


In the present study, the removal of m- cresol in an aqueous medium was studied by the photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) degradation by the TiO2 suspension on dip-coated stainless steel electrode under UV lamp of the wavelength of 352nm. The performance of the PEC method on the degradation of m- cresol was studied by made the comparison with the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) method in terms of COD removal and kinetic study. In the PEC study on the degradation of m- cresol pollutant was studied by the various parameters such as initial concentration, pH, and the bias potential. The result found that the optimum degradation efficiency of m- cresol in the PEC and PCO methods were 79.6% and 39.8% at pH 5.0. The result showed that the kinetic constants (k) in the PEC and PCO methods were -0.0116 and -0.0058 under optimum conditions. The result found that the PEC method using TiO2 coated on stainless steel electrode is two times higher than the PCO method on the degradation of m- cresol.


Rehabilitation of RC members with stainless steel wire mesh and permeability polymer mortar is a new method of structural strengthening.Experiments were conducted to investigate the flexural behavior of four strengthened RC T-beams and one comparative RC T-beam.The influence factors of cracks and their development were analyzed.The experimental results show that the rehabilitation can effectively reduce the width of cracks and make the cracking time advancing.Based on the test results,the design formula of maximum crack width is proposed.It can be applied to the retrofit designs of RC structures.


This paper shows the existence of a class of block transitive meager squares of order q on GF (q) for odd prime q, q large. Using these meager squares along with other known meager system constructions, we determine the spectrum of orders that admit meager systems: all odd n, n ≥ 9. Using this result, it is also determined that the spectrum of orders that admit 5-sparse Steiner triple systems includes n ≡ 3 mod 6, n ≥ 21.


【Objective】 To prepare the short BRCAA1 peptide including novel antigen epitope with bioactivity.【Methods】 The primers with his tag for amplifying brcaa1 gene fragment including novel antigen epitope were designed according to the brcaa1 sequence,the gene fragments were obtained by polymerase chain reaction based on brcaa1 plasmid as template,and confirmed by sequencing.The short peptides including novel antigen epitope were obtained by rapid translation system,and its antigen activity was identified by Western blotting.【Results】 The gene fragments including novel antigen epitope were obtained from brcaa1 plasmid and confirmed by PCR and sequencing analysis.The matched short peptides were fabricated by RTS.Western blotting confirmed that the matched short peptides owned antigen activity.【Conclusion】 The short peptides including novel antigen epitope with antigen activity are fabricated successfully,which lays foundation for further antibody preparation and diagnosis method establishment.


Recent debates on how to achieve an optimal HIV response are dominated by intervention strategies that fail to recognize children's role in the community response to HIV. Whilst formal responses are key to the HIV response, they must recognize and build on indigenous community resources. This study examines adult's perspectives on the role of children in the HIV response in the Matobo District of southern Zimbabwe.


Proteins: Description and Classification. In Vitro Characterization: Economics and Technology. Analytical Chromatography of Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins. Internal Structure and Organization: Relationship to Function. Solution Properties of Proteins. Posttranslational Processing of Proteins. Protein Fragmentation. Peptide Sequence Determination. Electrophoretic Techniques of Analysis and Isolation. Production and Application of Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies. Conformational Stability of Proteins. Protein Hydration. Recombinant Protein Technology. Storage Stabilization of Proteins. Process Purification. Index.


The article examines the importance of using information and pedagogical technologies in primary school, as well as their application in theory and practice.


Nano polymorphism (NPM), as an emerging research area in the field of energy storage, and rechargeable batteries, have attracted much attention recently. In this review, the recent progress on the composition and formation of polymorphs, and the evolution processes of different redox electrodes in rechargeable metal‐ion, metal–air, and metal–sulfur batteries are highlighted. First, NPM and its significance for rechargeable batteries are discussed. Subsequently, the current NPM modulation strategies of different types of representative electrodes for their corresponding rechargeable battery applications are summarized. The goal is to demonstrate how NPM could tune the intrinsic material properties, and hence, improve their electrochemical activities for each battery type. It is expected that the analysis of polymorphism and electrochemical properties of materials could help identify some "processing–structure–properties" relationships for material design and performance enhancement. Lastly, the current research challenges and potential research directions are discussed to offer guidance and perspectives for future research on NPM engineering.


Cutaneous horns are focal, hyperkeratotic, white-to-yellowish conical skin projections resembling animal horns. They generally present as a solitary, asymptomatic lesion and are most commonly confined to the areas of sun exposure affecting the elderly population. The source of origin of cutaneous horns can be an epidermal inclusion cyst, verruca vulgaris, keratoacanthomas, actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. A rare association with malignant transformation was also reported. There are very few case reports of cutaneous horn arising from a psoriatic plaque and hereby we have reported such a rare occurrence of a cutaneous horn arising from a psoriatic plaque.


This paper reports on a set of intensive interdisciplinary field operations by a Belgian team of Ghent University in 2007 in the Marche region of central Adriatic Italy. Most of the interventions, comprising geophysical prospections, geomorphologic observations, aerial photography, surface artifact surveys, excavations, topographic surveys and pottery studies, aim at a better understanding of the developing Romanisation of this part of Picenum and the rapid urbanization of the area from the late Republic onwards. Quite spectacular are the results of combined remote sensing work on such towns as the coastal colony Potentia and the interior municipium Trea , with unusually detailed mapping of the majority of public and private town structures. In Potentia these intrasite and peri-urban surveys are now also being checked in the field with focused excavations on a town gate and an amphora workshop. Also important are original contributions towards a better comprehension of the townlandscape nexus, involving the discovery of roads, cemeteries, aqueducts and quarries discovered near the four Roman cities. Finally new observations concerning the pre-Roman situation of centrally organized settlement and its links with the establishment of more Roman style towns, add much to the debate about the relatively late urbanization of this Adriatic region.


Purpose
This paper aims to investigate overlaps, complementarities and divergences between the literature on circular economy (CE) models and related literature in non-linear production models and frameworks, including CE, reverse logistics, closed-loop, industrial symbiosis and industrial ecology.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review was conducted focussing on the benefits of non-linear modes adoption.

Findings
The results show a high degree of convergence in findings, gaps and weaknesses of these literatures. Negative environmental, economic and operational impacts are understudied. There is a scarcity of studies identifying practices resulting in empirically tested benefits. The business and society case for non-linear production is still largely built upon conceptual studies, modelling and a few case studies. Despite a normative focus, there is very little use of theory, in particular, management theories.

Research limitations/implications
First, the authors use only one, albeit highly recognized database, Scopus. This database may have omitted some relevant research, journals such as the Journal of Cleaner Production and Resources Conservation & Recycling that are more likely to publish such research and also have a more interdisciplinary approach. This is an important gap and interesting result to claim for more interdisciplinary research. Second, the filtering process used and the focus on Association of Business Schools top journals may have also omitted some relevant research, such as a large stream of literature in specialist journals such as Resources Conservation and Recycling and the Journal of Cleaner Production.

Practical implications
There are contradictions, tensions and epistemological ambiguity that needs to be critically addressed. Such tensions may be associated with the knowledge field that gave rise to these different non-linear production approaches. Many of them appeared at the same time, but from different sciences and disciplines with their own perspectives. Then in doing so, they create confusion in the definitions of CE, assumptions underlying modelling and business choices arising from this complexity. This can be minimized through the critical interpretation of knowledge to elucidate epistemological quandaries to improve the understanding of the economic, social and environmental impacts of practices.

Social implications
In some way, this result makes sense, as the authors have limited the search to management, business and accounts journals, especially talking about Operations Management journals. This is an important gap and interesting result to claim for more interdisciplinary research.

Originality/value
In addition to gaps previously described, the authors identified areas of tensions where the literature offers inconclusive – often contradictory – findings requiring further exploration. A better understanding of these tensions is required to understand the impacts of non-linear production and develop policy guidelines for industry and policymakers to scale-up CE.


determined. The half-life for betaxolol was 24.5 h which was longer than that for any of the other drugs. 9 These observations show that betaxolol is a potent f-adrenoceptor antagonist with a long duration of effect on an exercise tachycardia and a long plasma elimination half-life.


This article was prepared on the basis of official statistics and special surveys of families, which were collected and published by the media in Turkestan. In pre-revolutionary Uzbekistan, the principles of family-marriage relations proceeded from the economic relations of the feudal period. Therefore, at this time, the systems of the patriarchal family were characteristic, that is, the dominance of men, the lack of freedom for women, forced marriages, and disregard for the interests and rights of women and children. Today's family customs and traditions have deep historical roots, which were significant precisely at the end of the 19th century on the territory of modern Uzbekistan.


Diabetic ulcers are the most feared complication of diabetes mellitus patients because the reduced blood supply to the tissue causes tissue death and is aggravated by bacterial infections that can cause amputation and even have wide impact because it can cause death, morbidity, increased treatment costs, and decreased quality of life. The incidence of foot ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus is 1-4% and 10-30 times as much as foot ulcers causing the risk of amputation (toe, foot or lower leg). It is estimated that every year one million patients suffering from diabetic ulcers undergo amputation of the lower limb (85%) and a mortality rate of 15-40% annually and 39-80% every 5 years. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of diabetic ulcers in diabetics with body image at the Umbulsari Health Center. The research design used was analytic survey with coss sectional design. The sample in this study was taken by Probability Sample with a type of Consecutive Sampling that is a diabetic ulcer sufferer who performs an examination at Puskesmas Ambsari. This research was conducted by observing / observing the degree of injury for diabetic ulcers and questionnaire sheets for body image. The results of this study were analyzed using the statistical test Spearman rank test. The results of the analysis showed that first-degree injuries were 22 respondents (55%), second-degree injuries were 17 respondents (42.5%), and third-degree injuries were 1 respondent (2.5%). While the results of body image in people with diabetes mellitus as many as 13 respondents (32.5%) had a negative body image, while 27 respondents (67.5%) had a positive body image. The results of the analysis of the two variables obtained by the value of p value Sig. (two tailed) of 0.023 α α (0.05) which indicates that there is a relationship between diabetic ulcers in diabetics with the body image of the Umbulsari Health Center


This chapter maps the development and current state of audiovisual flows and audiences' preferences in Central and Eastern Europe, particularly with respect to the question of the competitiveness of the local audiovisual entertainmnent versus imported programmes. Apart from this, it also aims to explore the intra-regional similarities and differences in the amount and popularity of domestic programming in relation to a set of economic factors that enable analysis of data from a broader research perspective and answer the question why some countries have been more successful than others in challenging the inflow of audiovisual imports and replacing them with locally produced programmes.


High-efficiency video coding (HEVC) is the next generation standard of video coding. The deblocking filter (DF) constitutes a significant part of the HEVC decoder complexity. A three-step parallel framework (TPF) is proposed for the H.264/AVC DF, which is also suitable for HEVC except the third step. The third step of the TPF is replaced with a directed acyclic graph-based order. Experiments show that the proposed method dramatically accelerates more than the state-of-the-art parallel method.


In this article, the author analyzed the forms of interaction of religious associations and the state in Western countries. Currently, there is no clear general model in the world practice related to the relationship between the state and religion, especially with the principles of secularism, and a large number of conclusions about secularity studied to date show that researchers need even more research in this direction. In particular, this is a topical issue for countries oriented towards the secularity model of Western countries in preventing future problems and positively implementing secularism principles. Within the framework of the topic, special attention was paid to the countries of Europe, Italy, France, Germany, Great Britain, studied by a comparatively analytical method of similarities and differences in their positions in state-confessional relations. As a result, several features and differences between these countries in this direction were established.


The dwarf honey bee Apis florea is originally native to South East Asia, but in recent years its geographic range has been steadily expanding westwards, both naturally and accidentally via global transportation (Mogga and Ruttner, 1988; Hepburn et al., 2005). It is now well established in Iraq, Oman and Yemen and has recently been detected in central Saudi Arabia and Sudan (Mogga and Ruttner, 1988; Wongsiri et al., 1996; Hepburn et al., 2005). Throughout this expansion along the Arabian peninsula and into Africa it has proved to be a highly successful colonizer, well adapted to hot arid conditions of both urban and rural landscapes and seemingly unaffected by competition from any local Apis mellifera (El-Shafie et al., 2002). Early in 2007 we received the first reports of the presence of dwarf honey bees in Aqaba, Jordan's sea port at the top of the gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea. Positive identification of Apis florea, as opposed to the closely related A. andreniformis, was made by the yellow abdominal segments of the queens, the black scutellum of the workers and the white hairs of the hind legs (Fig. 1;


The question to what extent Europe is shaped by common historical experiences and where its faultlines have been drawn due to divergent ones is an important question in order to provide an exacting account of a European history; one which does not unduly compress the experiences into one simplifying narrative but which does not deny the social processes which have tied the region together. The present edited volume, Domains and Divisions of European History, successfully opens up several inroads onto this question through the framework of historical sociology, by investigating some of the long-term historical processes which have defined Europe. The editors distinguish four foci in order to discuss meaningfully aspects of unity and division, to which the essays in this collection relate: civilization, religion, region and nation. The first, civilization, is arguably a strongly value-laden concept, usually but problematically shorthand for the trajectory of western Christendom against a Byzantine and Islamic civilization. It remains an important, if controversial way of tracing the developmental paths of European development. The second, religion, perhapsmost strongly signifies the double edged dynamic of unity and division: while Christianity provided a strong integral element, the estrangement of western and Byzantine Churches and the religious wars lastingly divided the continent. The third framework, regions, applies to a number of geographical units and spatial configurations but in this volume serves to explore how and why Eastern Central Europe has been configured as a region on the basis of historical processes. The fourth framework, nations, stands for a destructive but also cohesive force which has arguably been a shaping force for European unity. In the final instance, the editors suggest that all these frameworks can in turn be seen as formative backgrounds to patterns of European modernity. The theme ofmodernity is explored at greater length especially in the opening and closing essays. PeterWagner points out that the traditional story of European development from the legacy of Roman empire, via Christianization, towards Enlightenment universalism and Europe's role as the spearhead of progress, has evidently been challenged and arguably replaced in recent years with a more pluralistic perspective which includes its divisive developments. These perspectives on the past have changed European's own understanding of the processes of modernization. The concluding essay by Natalie Doyle looks at French and British paths towardsWestern European modernity and the groundbreaking new social configurations which they engendered.


Abstract: During the second half of 2009, the National Research Council of Italy has decided to submit its own scientific institutions to an evaluation process, performed by several international evaluation Committees. The whole process (which had a cost > 1 million euros) has been completed by March 2010. In several cases the Commitees have suggested the need of quite strong reorganisations. Until now, no effect is apparent.


Perfusion CT (PCT) has emerged as a widely recognized technique for assessing neurological blood fl ow disorders such as stroke. By acquiring sequential images of an anatomical location after the injection of contrast material, vital functional information about the physiology of the brain can be obtained. The anatomic coverage provided has typically been limited to the amount of coverage provided by a single gantry rotation [1, 2]. At present, only 2 cm to 4 cm slices can be obtained even with state-of-the art multidetector scanners. Such limited coverage has been shown to cause false negative fi ndings, since the locations chosen to obtain the cross-sectional images in the brain may not be the area of physiological change due to stroke [1, 3, 4].


Temperature was the most important of the factors affecting time of emergence of the alkali bee and its beefly parasite. Developmental periods became shorter at each higher constant temperature up to 85° F., but development was slowed at temperatures above this point. A wide range of relative humidities did not affect time of development, though saturated and very dry air increased mortality. Depth of the overwintering stages in the soil of a particular site had a slight effect on emergence date, but ecological differences between nesting sites were of more importance. Depth of nesting, vegetation, soil moisture as it affected the condition of the soil surface, and topography all were about equally important in determining the rate of development in the soil. Male bees emerged 3 to 10 days earlier, male beetlies 1 to 5 days earlier than the females, and these differences were borne out in laboratory studies. Both the alkali bee and the beefly react very similarly to the same treatments in breaking the diapause. About 100 days of 50;° F. were required to break the diapause of summer-collected specimens, 60 days for those collected in early October, and no additional cold for those collected in early January. Extending the warm period of those specimens collected in midsummer before the cold treatment stimulated subsequent development. Generally, the beefly has a higher percentage of females than the bee, but beeflies oviposited for a shorter period each day and were quite indiscriminate in their oviposition sites; also, their active season ended 3 to 4 weeks earlier than that of the bees. Percentage of emergence was little affected by vegetation. Beefly larvae, though cannibalistic, preferred to feed upon bee prepupae; opportunities are more numerous for them to feed upon a second bee prepupa than upon each other. Of the natural enemies of both species, mice appeared not to cat beefly larvae, but sought out bee prepupae. Insectivorous birds ate both species, but devoured a larger proportion of beeflies.


A young interactive photograph co segmentation algorithm the usage of possibility estimation then greater method electricity optimization is proposed because of extracting frequent foreground objects beside a crew concerning related images. Our approach introduces the greater method clique's, power into the co-segmentation optimization process successfully. A region-based possibility fixity method is preceding celebrated in conformity with provide the formerly skills because our higher kilter strength function. Then, a current co-segmentation electricity characteristic the usage of higher kilter cliques is developed, who may efficaciously co-segment the foreground objects with vast appearance editions beyond a crew about photographs among complicated scenes. Both the quantitative or qualitative pilot results over consultant datasets exhibit that the rigor on our co-segmentation consequences is lots higher than the cutting-edge co-segmentation methods.


ABSTRACT The Qiaotou Formation comprises the late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic strata in southern Jilin and Liaoning Provinces at the eastern margin of the North China Craton (NCC). The depositional age of the formation is 1.1–0.9 Ga, as constrained from the ages of the youngest detrital zircons and later mafic intrusions. U-Pb age dating of detrital zircons yielded age peaks at 1.16, 1.58, and 1.74 Ga, and a minor peak of 2.47 Ga. The late Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic detrital zircons were derived from the ca. 2.5 Ga Longgang and Liaonan blocks, ca.1.9 Ga magmatic/metamorphic rocks and late Palaeoproterozoic extensional-related magmatic rocks in NCC. The abundance of Mesoproterozoic zircon grains is less easy to explain. The possible source may represent (i) possibly concealed/vanished Grenvillian magmatic rocks in NCC, or (ii) derivation from the Qinling Microcontinent or (iii) Fennoscandian shield, or (iv) São Francisco–Congo Craton.


This paper describes the use of near infrared techniques for both spectroscopy and imaging. The approach uses both techniques on the same sample, so that spectral information can be used in conjunction with an image to identify materials and objects. It is shown that the technique has applications to security screening, food quality inspection and biomedical measurements, using the ability of near infrared to penetrate through barriers.


The multiple and singular forms of sexual violence to which Colombian indigenous women have been subjected, during the violence unleashed in the context of the internal armed conflict, are cases that the ordinary jurisdiction must attend from the consideration of special ones given the culture, language, and ancestral traditions, especially medical care and autonomous forms of communication. On the functionality of the procedural system corresponding to ordinary justice, as well as the scientific procedures typical of Western medicine, these mechanisms do not constitute an obstacle for indigenous women who have been sexually violated in the context of the conflict to access Colombian justice to denounce the facts of those who have been victims, and their perpetrators, so it is necessary to study a model that impacts favorably on this population and manages to ensure the guarantees that, as Colombian citizens, correspond to them.


The invention discloses a method for synthesizing 1-isopropyl benzamide-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)hydantoin. The method comprises the following steps: reacting by virtue of chloroacetyl chloride and urea in the presence of a catalyst, so as to prepare hydantoin; reacting by virtue of hydantoin and 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene in the presence of triethylamine, so as to prepare 3,5-dichlorophenyl-hydantoin; and reacting by virtue of 3,5-dichlorophenyl-hydantoin and isopropyl isocyanate in the presence of a catalyst, so as to prepare 1-isopropyl benzamide-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)hydantoin. According to a reaction route utilized in the method, an expensive raw material 3,5-dichloroaniline and a highly toxic raw material phosgene are not adopted, and the method has the characteristics of few reaction steps, less waste gas, wastewater and industrial residue, high product yield and good product quality as well as obvious economic and social benefits.


Phytochemistry and antibacterial potency of some crude and partially purified fractions of Senna alata flower was examined against 22 bacterial strains. The crude plant extracts, containing steroids, anthraquinone glycosides, volatile oils and tannins, exhibited a high minimum inhibitory concentration of 500 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida, but was generally inactive against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas fluorescens (above 1000 µg/mL). However, the partially purified plant extract was bacteriostatic at a low concentration of 100 µg/mL, with a minimum bactericidal concentration of 500 µg/mL, primarily against the Gram positive organisms. At a concentration slightly above the minimum inhibitory concentration, the purified extract was nearly as potent as standard antibiotics, exhibiting zones of bacterial growth inhibition ranging from 10 to 25 mm, even against multiple antibiotic resistant local isolates that were not susceptible to methicillin, penicillin and streptomycin.


Fourth instar larvae of mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) gave heavier pupae, cocoons and shells with the highest cocoon to shell ratio with less average larval and post larval period of silkworm, due to the treatment with 0.01% and 0.05% Royal Jelly.


The performance of millimeter-scale combustors intended for power generation of micro-satellites is strongly influenced by heat exchange to and within the combustor structure. Accordingly, a one-dimensional model with full chemistry that includes heat exchange to and within the combustor wall has been developed. It is used to study the effects of axial heat transfer from the post-flame to the pre-flame via wall conduction in a silicon micro-channel combustor with planar symmetry. The simulations show that axial heat transfer widens stability limits, increases the burning rate, and can enable the construction of smaller, higher power density combustors despite a lower chemical efficiency. Axial heat transfer also enhances the benefits of operating at elevated pressures. The simulations also show that heat loss to the environment places a lower bound on the combustor volume. Maximum power density combustor configurations are identified under adiabatic and non-adiabatic conditions. The maximum power density tends to increase with increasing pressure while the micro-channel length and height associated with the maximum tend to decrease. NOMENCLATURE


In this work, an output-feedback adaptive SP-SD-type control scheme for the global position stabilization of robot manipulators with bounded inputs is proposed. Compared with the output-feedback adaptive approaches previously developed in a bounded-input context, the proposed velocity-free feedback controller guarantees the adaptive regulation objective globally (i.e. for any initial condition), avoiding discontinuities throughout the scheme, preventing the inputs from reaching their natural saturation bounds and imposing no saturation-avoidance restrictions on the choice of the P and D control gains. Moreover, through its extended structure, the adaptation algorithm may be configured to evolve either in parallel (independently) or interconnected to the velocity estimation (motion dissipation) auxiliary dynamics, giving an additional degree of design flexibility. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is not restricted to the use of a specific saturation function to achieve the required boundedness, but may involve any one within a set of smooth and non-smooth (Lipschitz-continuous) bounded passive functions that include the hyperbolic tangent and the conventional saturation as particular cases. Experimental results on a 3-degree-of-freedom manipulator corroborate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.


The present paper shows a new non-tensorial approach to derive basic equations for various structural analyses. It can be used directly in numerical computation procedures. The aim of the paper is, however, to show that the approach serves as an excellent tool for analytical purposes also, working as a link between analytical and numerical techniques. The paper gives a method to derive, at first, expressions for strains in general beam and shell analyses, and secondly, the governing equilibrium equations. The approach is based on the utilization of local fixed Cartesian coordinate systems. Applying these, all the definitions required are the simple basic ones, well-known from the analyses in common global coordinates. In addition, the familiar principle of virtual work has been adopted. The method will be, apparently, most powerful in teaching the theories of curved beam and shell structures for students not familiar with tensor analysis. The final results obtained have no novelty value in themselves, but the procedure developed opens through its systematic and graphic progress a new standpoint to theoretical considerations.


Dialogue policy is a crucial component in task-oriented Spoken Dialogue Systems (SDSs). As a decision function, it takes the current dialogue state as input and generates appropriate system's response. In this paper, we explore the reinforcement learning approaches to solve this problem in an Indic language scenario. Recently, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has been used to optimise the dialogue policy. However, many DRL approaches are not sample-efficient. Hence, particular attention is given to actor-critic methods based on off-policy reinforcement learning that utilise the Experience Replay (ER) technique for reducing the bias and variance to achieve high sample efficiency. ER based actor-critic methods, such as Advantage Actor-Critic Experience Replay (A2CER) are proven to deliver competitive results in gaming environments that are fully observable and have a very small action-set. While, in SDSs, the states are not fully observable and often have to deal with the large action space. Describing the limitations of traditional methods, i.e., value-based and policy-based methods, such as high variance, low sample-efficiency, and often converging to local optima, we firstly explore the use of A2CER in dialogue policy learning. It is shown to beat the current state-of-the-art deep learning methods for SDS. Secondly, to handle the issues of early-stage performance, we utilise a demonstration corpus to pre-train the models prior to on-line policy learning. We thus experiment with the A2CER on a larger action space and find it significantly faster than the current state-of-the-art. Combining both approaches, we present a novel DRL based dialogue policy optimisation method, A2CER and its effectiveness for a task-oriented SDS in the Indic language.


BACKGROUND
The understanding of biomolecular interactions ultimately depends on knowledge about the structural and dynamic details of the interacting system. Rational structure-based drug design implements computational methodology in this rationale.

DISCUSSION
Together with increasing throughput of structural biology, molecular modeling has progressively contributed to rational drug design and elucidation of nontoxic and patient-tailored interventions, helping to make drug development more cost-efficient. But in this challenging time for the pharmaceutical industry, the successful discovery of novel therapeutics should rely on integration of computational modeling with experimentation when it comes to ligand-binding energetics, system flexibility and genetic diversity/heterogeneity of the target. Moreover, it appears that many drugs--even those for which specific receptors have been identified--intercalate in biological membranes, which could also become the actual target.

CONCLUSIONS
Understanding the drug-target and drug-unwanted-target interactions at the atomic level is fundamental in the initial phases of the drug development process. Molecular dynamics simulations and complementary computational methods are already contributing in this endeavor for the soluble pharmacological targets and show an increasing importance in the understanding of membrane-ligand interactions.


Emilia Pardo Bazan like Zola, created an oeuvre that critics have tried for 100 years to analyze through the tenents of "naturalism" although the schema does not seem to yield luminous results. She herself describes this movement as implying only that the author does not "hablar por su propria boca, sin por les hechos que escoje y presenta," (Viaje de novios) or because she always choses external and tangible forces to motivate her character (La cues t ion palpi tan te, 17). Her fiction has in fact two features that cause bewilderment when seen in relation to the principles of naturalism as she herself deals with them in "La cuestion palpitante" and her own jour nalism. First, in such ambitious works as La Piedra Angular and Los Pazos de Ulloa there are paragraphs in which verbal adhesion to the notions of determinism abounds. We read almost immediately of Julian the priest in Pazos that he is lymphatic and feminine by constitution, given to bursts of emotion rather than sustained, reflective energy (94, 194). The lover in Piedra, though a minor figure compared to Julian, is broadly described as having a character that corresponds to his physique. (384-385) In Insolacion and La Tribuna there are figures from the lower class who are presented for their grotesque properties, from whose humanity the author seems to distance herself, as if they were de facto launched on an existential trajec tory that we need not follow with compassion. This stylistic move seems to set the banner of "race, moment and milieu" flying over the work. In another creative ambiance this brush stroke could be read as costumbrismo —as perhaps in the mind of their creator they were. (Clemessy, 458-460) But in the last fourth of the nineteenth century, coming from a writer who was in every way cosmopolitan, and followed closely the art of the novel in her own time, they have the flavor of determinism, or what she reproaches in Zola as "ciencia mal digerida." (La cuestion palpitante, 12) She seems to be limiting the scope of variables she wants to deal with in any given novel by casting a few characters in formulaic terms. Second, Pardo Bazan frequently makes unexpected detours in her nar rative source when the line of the recit seems to be headed for an illumina tion or an epiphany: thus for example the switch to Perucho as focalizer1 for the final confrontation of Pazos or, rather than using Amparo as focalizer during her speech to the Republican banquet, integrating the spec


The 1995 Hyogoken Nanbu Earthquake, due to its shallow hypocenter (about 20 km under the northern part of Awaji Island), created earthquake faults on the surface of the ground near the hypocenter in northwest Awaji Island. This is one of the notable features of the earthquake disaster caused by this earthquake. The earthquake damaged the ground in other ways, causing liquefaction and subsidence of reclaimed land, cracking, sliding, and collapse of slopes, cracking of embankments, and so on. Along with this ground damage, it inflicted severe damage to public assets such as buildings and civil engineering structures. This paper presents outlines of the geomorphology and geology in the area subjected to the earthquake damage, of the earthquake damage, and of the relationship of the earthquake damage to the geomorphology.


We present the first compact Time-Correlated Single-Photon Counting single-channel system, capable of overcoming the typical pile-up limitation of Fluorescence Life-time Imaging. An ultra-fast acquisition is obtained (40 Mcps), along with excellent timing results and negligible distortion.