Named entity recognition (NER) is one of the key techniques in language processing tasks such as information extraction. This paper focuses mainly on recognition of named entity using distance based clustering and attributes extraction patterns. The ultimate goal of the paper is to reduce ambiguity of person names with higher precision and recall and to avoid duplicity.


ABSTRACT This paper describes a prototype flaring burner system developed for the U. S. Coast Guard. The system is capable of flaring 180 gallons per minute (gpm) of light oil or 90 gpm of oil with...


Donald R. Gregory has recently argued that the monk Gaunilo's response to St Anselm's ontological argument succeeds in showing what is fundamentally wrong with any ontological argument, including modern modal versions. He holds that the Gaunilo strategy in fact demonstrates what it alleges, that reasoning which parallels the form and intent ofAnselm's reductio argument can 'prove' a priori the existence of quite unacceptable entities.


In protecting enterprise intellectual property,the key is leaders' attention,the base is to increase the staff's consciousness of protecting intellectual property,the guarantee is to strengthen management,and the value is to serve producing practice.The author advocates establishing the concept of vitalizing enterprises and increasing competitiveness by means of intellectual property.


Base on imaging characteristics of the adaptive optical telescopes,the number of optimum subapertures is defined and analyzed when the brightness of the image spot center is maximal and the residual wavefront error is minimal.The wavefront correction of the deformable mirror with the triangular and rectangular actuator distribution was simulated by ZEMAX.The quantity of the optimum subapertures for the 600 mm adaptive optical telescope was derived based on the analysis of the two cases that the adaptive telescope has or has not a fast tilting mirror.


The aim of this study was to verify the validity of the Pfister's Colour Pyramid Test in the identification of panic disorder. The sample was composed by 15 patients in psychiatric treatment for having at least one crisis of panic disorder, selected according to the SCID criteria, and 109 non-patients who had never sought for psychological or psychiatric assistance. The results show that the two groups could be distinguished by the using of blue and by the symmetric configurations, both more frequent among the patients, in a significant way. The lack of security, the inhibition and constriction are typical signs and correspond to the panic symptoms described on literature


Abstract Remains from Britain's industrial past are being lost daily. Much has gone already, often with its importance unrecognised. This applies no more so than in the Black Country where a joint local authority/university initiative set about addressing the problem by identifying, through Local Area Surveys, significant remains from the industrial period. Arising from this, Dudley MBC's 'Strategy for Industrial Archaeology' now allows important sites to be flagged throughout the planning and development process and, with public involvement and the imaginative use of existing controls, a degree of protection is afforded. It is hoped that the approach described below will form the basis of discussion and encourage similar initiatives elsewhere.


Previous research demonstrates that actively managed mutual funds exhibit negative market timing abilities. However, few studies have investigated the sector timing abilities of these fund managers. By implementing a multi-factor model based on Sharpe (1992), I derive a time series of mutual fund sector risk exposure coefficients which are demonstrated to be good proxies for actual fund exposures to the eight sectors examined in this study. Based on these sector risk exposures, sector timing measures are derived and used to explore whether fund managers in general, or certain sub-groups of fund managers in particular, exhibit successful sector timing abilities. My sample covers 485 randomly selected mutual funds listed on Datastream for the period from April, 1997 to July, 2002. I conclude that mutual funds as a whole exhibit some evidence of negative sector timing abilities. However, particular groups of funds, such as aggressive growth funds, appear to possess better sector timing abilities than other.


The experiment indicated the influence of different PAR irradiance conditions on biomass growth of Chlorella vulgaris Beijer stock culture. The absorption spectrum of suspension was evaluated with spectrophotometer SF-256 UVI LOMO Photonika. In this work, effects of LED lamps with various radiant powers on yield gain were compared by analyzing the relation between cells concentration increase and time. It was concluded, that light is the most important factor influencing growth and cells development, as well as nutrient solution, temperature and carbon dioxide provision.


Taking women basketball reserve talents of Henan Province as the research object,using literature material,questionnaire investigation,expert interview,data statistics and so on methods,the training present situation of woman basketball reserve talents of Henan province was investigated and studied,got that the training work to basketball reserve personnel at present was in the middle level,and there is a trend of declining,coaches' comprehensive quality was to be improved,and the selection means should be diverse and scientific.


Random graphs have become objects of increasing interest over the last thirty years. Two sets of physical models which have particularly stimulated this development are those of polymerisation and of percolation. The early polymerisation work is associated especially with the names of Flory, Stockmayer, Gordon and Good. An approach in which one sets up a reversible Markov model of association/dissociation and analyses its equilibrium properties is set out systematically in Whittle (1986). Percolation theory is firmly associated with the name of Hammersley, who initiated and so greatly developed the subject. For reviews see Hammersley and Welsh (1980) and Kesten (1982). Finally, largely in isolation from either of the above movements, pure mathematicians developed an interest in the subject, beginning with Erdős and co-workers, and continued notably by Stepanov and Bollobás. The work of this school is systematically presented in Bollobás (1985). However, there are now new applications developing, which will require fundamental theoretical advances. I think especially of the study of neural networks. These are viewed as random graphs, partly because their size and complexity makes the statistical approach inevitable, and partly also because (just as in communication theory), the further one penetrates into the subject, the more one realises that the statistical approach is 'right'. The interest of a neural network is that impulses and activity of some kind are propagated around it. One is then motivated to a study which has received only sporadic attention hitherto and of which this article can only be a token: of directed dynamics on a random graph. The view of a neural net as a random graph is explicit in the papers of Kauffman (1969), Little and Shaw (1978) and Hopfield (1982), for example. More recent papers are those by Derrida and co-workers and by the author, listed in the references, particular aspects of which we shall refer to later.


N THE early national period American manufacturing spread from the populous Atlantic seaboard inland toward and beyond the Appalachian Mountains. The rich raw materials of the interior of the continent were tapped to meet the needs of an expanding economy. Many small manufacturing establishments arose to process the raw materials and to market goods both in the back country and in the seacoast cities. One of the most important industries in the growth of the economy in the years before the cormiing of the railroad was the manufacture of iron, and Pennsylania produced more of that vital material than any other state. This brief paper analyzes the operations of a typical early nineteenith century iron establishment, the New Cumberland Forge of New Cumberland, Pennsylvania.' The ironmaster who ran the New Cumberland Forge was Jacob AM. Haldeman. Haldeman was the grandson of Jacob Haldeman, who served as a member of the Committee of Public Safety in Lancaster County during the Revolutionary War, and the son of John Haldeman, a miller of Locust Grove near Bainbridge, Maryland.2 Young Haldeman had been a businessman in Lancaster County before moving across the Susquehanna River in 1805 to New Cumberlandat the mouth of Yellow Breeches Creek in Cumberland County, a few miles south of Harrisburg. There he purchased a forge and erected a rolling and slitting mill where he carried on the production of iron until around 1835.3 Haldeman


Seismic performance evaluation in structural design requires the use of sophisticated numerical models. In particular, to accurately represent the non‐linear behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) structures when subjected to dynamic loadings, the energy dissipation mechanisms must be accurately represented. However, the classical viscous damping models, which are still widely used, are not based on physical considerations at the material level and the choice of damping parameters is often arbitrary. This paper, thus, proposes a time‐domain damping identification method based on equivalent single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems. The methodology is developed using either an updated linear model or a non‐linear energy‐dissipating constitutive model. Energy dissipative phenomena are cracking, friction and unilateral effects upon crack closure. Both models allow the identification of different damping transient variations: (i) With the updated linear model, intrinsic damping ratios and frequencies are identified to define a simple generic damping model, and (ii) with the non‐linear constitutive model, the identified viscous damping ratios represent the dissipative phenomena not described by the material model. The aim is to propose simple models that can be used by anyone to complement their own models. Applying the method to experimental data allows evaluating effective damping ratio transient variations as functions of variables representative of non‐linear behaviour. It is shown that it is possible to accurately model the energy dissipation that is missing in the non‐linear dynamic constitutive models through effective viscous damping models based on dissipative phenomena internal variables.


In recent years, Flexible AC Transmission Systems, called FACTS, have become a known technology for better controllability using power electronics in power system. A number of FACTS devices are used for different applications all over the world. The shunt connected FACTS devices are generally used for reactive power compensation and hence, voltage regulation, STATCOM being one among these. It is capable of dealing with the voltage dips and flickers and hence, better as compared to SVC. The advantage of a STATCOM is that the reactive power injected is independent of the line voltage at the point of connection. In this work MATLAB based simulation of D-STATCOM and its related analysis is done.


This study aims to assess the perception of employees of a large Brazilian company taking into account the use of personal mobile devices for professional purposes as well as their preference regarding BYOD and COPE models. 768 employees answered a 21 questions online survey, and data analysis was done using the logistic regression model. The results show that the practice of bringing personal devices to the company raises the individual´s likelihood to prefer this model over the COPE model. Therefore, it is up to the organization to observe how often its employees bring personal electronic mobile devices to the organization, and also observe questions of gender and education levels when promoting the implementation of BYOD or COPE, in order to broaden the chances of successfully implementing IT policies.


Compared to previous studies of born-globals, international new ventures (INVs) etc., this paper focuses on export activities at an even earlier stage of firm development. The paper investigates incubatees' export and markets, dynamic environment and organisational resources using correlation matrix, regression analyses and factor analyses. Our study confirms that the literature describing that export activities may be a way to develop INVs is also true for INV localised in incubators. However, we were only able to partly confirm that firms are more likely to focus on international markets if they perceive their markets to be competitive and fast developing. Contrastively, the export decision seems to be based on market analyses as well as created copyrights, patents and licenses. This paper contributes to the underdeveloped part of the incubator literature dealing with how incubators could help their incubatees when aiming for international markets.


The atmosphere degrades the angular resolution of astronomical observations with large telescopes dramatically. Instead of the theoretical resolution of, e.g., 0.04 arcseconds for a 3.6-m telescope at Ha only a value of about 1 arcsecond can be achieved in long exposure images. Short-time exposures (--, 20ms) consist of interference patterns. They are called speckle interferograms and contain the full resolution image information in convolved form. This full resolution information can be extracted from a set of speckle interferograms by bispectral analysis. One important step of this algorithm is the extraction of the object Fourier spectrum from the bispectrum, which is normally done by a recursive technique. This step can be improved using the iterative recursive reconstruction method, which is reported here. The degree of improvement has been investigated in a laboratory simulation.


DEVICE SEAL CENTRIFUGAL PUMP SHAFT. WHEN THE PUMP IS IDLE, SEALS SHALL BE MECHANICALLY BETWEEN SURFACES REMINDER MEANS USING 9 SURFACE SEAL AND SEAL 10 11; WHEN THE PUMP IS RUNNING, THE SEAL IS MADE USING A RING FLUID HYDRODYNAMICS 14 IS BY THE PUMP FLUID FORM BY BLADE 2 SEPARATE AUXILIARY TURBINE 1.


Objective:Shenyanling tablet,as an innovative drug based on Chinese traditional medicine,is a reasonable compatibility agent of tripterygium wilfordii and radix astragali. To observe the in vivo effects of Shenyanling tablets on normal Beagle dogs with administration for 3 months,lay foundations for further long-term toxicity test,and provide security data for clinical application. Methods:According to the clinical dose and results of acute toxicity test of Shenyanling,16 adult Beagle dogs (8 males and 8 females) were divided into four groups:low dose (0.25 g/kg),middle dose (1.00 g/kg),high dose (4.00 g/kg) and the control groups. The dogs of these 3 study groups were administered with Shenyanling for 3 months. Blood samples were collected after treatment,and main organs were examined with pathological observation. Results:The general states of all dogs after treatment were fine with no cases of death. Compared with the control group,there were no statistical differences of body weights and food intakes. Parameters of blood cytology and biochemistry were within the normal range,with no significant differences among each study group and the control group (P0.05). There were no abnormal ECG changes among each dog,and no significant differences were showed in quality coefficient during the histological examinations of main organs. While sperm count reduced significantly in male dogs of the high dose group (P0.05),with sparse distribution of sperms in testis and epididymis. Conclusion:The results show that no evident accumulated-toxicity reactions will be induced by administration of Shenyanling for 3 months within 0.25-4.00 g/kg,while high dose of Shenyanling tablets may have certain reproductive toxicities.


Most cosmological data analysis today relies on the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric, providing the basis of the current standard cosmological model. Within this framework, interesting tensions between our increasingly precise data and theoretical predictions are coming to light. It is therefore reasonable to explore the potential for cosmological analysis outside of the exact FLRW cosmological framework. In this work we adopt the general luminosity-distance series expansion in redshift with no assumptions of homogeneity or isotropy. This framework will allow for a full model-independent analysis of near-future low-redshift cosmological surveys. We calculate the effective observational 'Hubble', 'deceleration', 'curvature' and 'jerk' parameters of the luminosity-distance series expansion in numerical relativity simulations of realistic structure formation, for observers located in different environments and with different levels of sky-coverage. With a 'fairly-sampled' sky, we find 2% and 15% cosmic variance in the 'Hubble' and 'deceleration' parameters, respectively, compared to their analogies in the FLRW model. On top of this, we find that typical observers measure maximal sky-variance of 7% and 550% in the same parameters. Our work suggests the inclusion of low-redshift anisotropy in cosmological analysis could be important for drawing correct conclusions about our Universe.


Strategic plan allows exercising the balance between Saint Petersburg regional market regulating and rigorous system of centralized planning. The proposed approach of strategic plans elaboration is based on detailed scrutinizing of power and engineering infrastructure issues-a single measure which could enable further metropolis development. Analysis of Saint Petersburg infrastructure temporal development (dynamics) turns to become the basis for approval of projects pertaining to city areas housing development patterns and socio-economic development. Methodology used allows elaborating effective activity packages together with actually targeted programs of city power and infrastructure facilities construction.


The paper proposes that following the doctrinal analysis of judicial practice, the comparative law in terms of a specific study performed using sociological methods of investigation, to formulate proposals for amendments to the Romanian legislation regarding the courts that are empowered to resolve individual labor conflicts. These proposals aim on the one hand the need to establish labor and social security tribunals and on the other hand panels up to resolve individual labor disputes involving legal assistance at both hierarchical levels, which express a deliberative vote.


Nowadays leadership became one of the most popular subjects for research field. Leader is a person who holds superior power which enables him/her to influence, lead and control people around. The main purpose of this article is to highlight and review literature of an educational leadership in a higher education. The importance of this article is to understand what sort of problems educational leadership research is facing nowadays as well as what are the innovative leader perspectives in the educational leadership. Thus, it is important to discuss more about leadership in higher education and the most relevant question is what are the trends in educational leadership in higher education from literature review perspective? Looking from a lifelong learning perspective it has been noted that learning how to be a leader or how to lead your organization is a life long experience, which starts at an early student stage and continues until you are a teacher.


The strategic passion has recently attracted an increasing number of researchers despite the presence of few systematic studies, but the phenomenon of passion is prevalent among entrepreneurs and this is a call for experimental and systematic studies of strategic passion in entrepreneurship to provide insights for the practice where the research aims to apply strategic passion to build entrepreneurial organizations. Using a qualitative approach in an in-depth applied study, private hospitals that are among the most advanced projects in the health sector in Najaf Governorate have been studied. The results strongly indicate that foundations for building entrepreneurial organizations at the level of health institutions require at least one passion from entrepreneurs as businesses are formalized in order to increase health services.


Device I/O Dynamic Linking and Resources Error Processing Exceptions File Management File System Memory Management Message Management National Language Support Pipes Processes and Threads Queues Semaphores Session Management Timers Miscellaneous Appendix Index.


Silicone rubber sheet heater-aided vacuum-assisted resin infusion molding was developed in order to shorten curing cycle time. Three kinds of cooling methods, including air cooling, air water cooling, and water cooling, were employed; the effects of cooling process on processing time, residual strains, and mechanical properties were experimentally studied. The residual strains generated in cooling stage were monitored by embedded strain gauges. The results showed that in order to avoid serious residual strains and lower mechanical properties, the cooling rate of the silicone rubber sheet heater-aided vacuum-assisted resin infusion molding process should be designed carefully. Slow cooling rate before glass transition temperature of the composites and rapid cooling rate after it might be a practical method to maintain both high processing efficiency and acceptable mechanical properties.


A CPW-fed frequency Reconfigurable Antenna using PIN diodes as switching mechanism, over ultra-wide band Frequencies of 2.5 GHz to 10.8 GHz is proposed. This uses FR4_Epoxy as substrate with thickness of 1.60mm. The antenna works with a reasonable gain of 2.7- 4.1dB, significant bandwidth percentage and will pave the way for different wireless applications such as Weather Radar, Mobile Communications, WLAN, Class B computation Device, Non-Broadcast Station Transmitter. The antenna is fabricated and it is observed that it has great correlation between simulated and fabricated results.


The function of exosomes and microvesicles (MVs) in human tumors has been demonstrated to be important. They play important roles in the onset and development of different cancers, and have been shown to be promising objects in studies seeking to discovery and identify tumor markers. However, research on the biological activity and molecular function of MVs in head and neck cancers (HNCs) is uncommon, mainly in nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs). In this review, we studied the isolated methods, the function of exosomes and MVs, and the advance of role in HNCs.


ET effective temperature °C ET* new effective temperature °C fp surface projection factor Fi angle weighting factor in direction i H Height of the building m H/W height-to-width ratio L/H lengthto-height ratio I direct solar radiation impinging normal to the surface Wm -2 It total short-wave direct irradiance absorbed by a human body Wm -2 Icl clothing insulation K shortwave radiation Wm -2


In Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, small-scale and everyday disasters are a manifestation of the multidimensional inequalities faced by residents of informal settlements. The co-production of knowledge about disaster and other risks, bringing together residents with local NGOs and local government representatives, is a potential entry point for addressing inequalities. This paper reports on such a co-production process in two informal settlements, carried out by the Centre for Community Initiatives with the Tanzania Urban Poor Federation and local government at the Mtaa level, and it looks at how community assessments of risks travel into local governance and policymaking. The involvement of Mtaa officials in this process has led to incremental changes in local governance, for example better linking of local budgets with disaster risk reduction (DRR) priorities and the representation of civil society on the municipal disaster management committees. The paper also points to the challenges of achieving integration of DRR and development activities at the local level.


1
Histones from the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata have been obtained and characterized by amino acid analysis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It has been found that the five major histone groups are present in this insect.

2
The fractionation of histones has been achieved by using acid or organic selective extractions. Ceratitis capitata F1 exhibited a reduced electrophoretic mobility when compared with the mammalian corresponding histone. On the contrary, fly F2A1, mobility was similar to that of mammalian homologous histone. Some differences were found, however, in amino acid composition. It has been found that cysteine does not occur in fly F2A1, but this amino acid seemed to be present in the F3 histone, which aggregated under oxidizing conditions.

3
A strongly basic protein was isolated together with histones when pharate adult chromatin was used as starting material. Amino acid analysis of this protein revealed the presence of hydroxyproline (19%), as well as high amounts of threonine (30%) and arginine (23%). It was found that this specific protein was not a nuclear component and it seemed to be located at the pharate adult envelope; the name of purarium-specific protein is proposed for this protein. Its strongly basic nature is judged to be the cause by which it became attached to chromatin during the isolation procedure.


Shortly after the turn of this century William E. B. DuBois1 posited that the problem of race in America is that of the color line. It is possible to project without great risk that the problem of America in the coming century will equally be that of the color line. While DuBois' reference was to differences between whites and African Americans, the twenty-first century's reference will expand to include peoples of Africa, Asian races, and Latin American ethnics. Before the mid-twenty-first century, the population of the United States will be composed of whites as a minority. There are significant implications to such demographic reversals, not the least of which is the certain involvement of more non-whites as decision makers and professionals. Race differences in America have contributed greatly to the shaping of the nation's character. Those of European origin, now commonly referred to as white, shared commonality of race but varied in social and cultural background. With the "discovery" of the New World, whites encountered a new race, now known as Native Americans, which inhabited a territory that would be "settled" by the newcomers. The European settlers quickly decided an expanded labor supply was needed to build a new nation in a resource rich land. Europe and the American settlers cooperated in this exploitation of Africa as a source of slaves to perform the tasks so vital for the building of the new nation in America.2 Guided and developed by Christian nations, the African slave trade produced one of the greatest ethical contradictions in human history.3 It was against this backdrop of racial and cultural diversity that public policy was constructed in the newly settled nation.4 By the mid-nineteenth century it was necessary to compose national policy to effectively accommodate the European cultural diversity that grew out of the immigration movement. The young nation had to contend with language, religious, and skill differences that could be exploited to handle the Industrial Revolution. Adam Smith's economic orientation, capitalism, had


Crystalline solutions, such as normal saline 0.9% (N/S 0.9%) and Ringer's Lactate (L/R), are readily administered for increasing plasma volume. Despite the utility of administering N/S 0.9% to hypovolemic patients, the dose of 154 mmol of sodium (Na) contained in 1 L exceeds the recommended daily dose increasing the risk of sodium overload and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. In contrast, L/R solution has the advantage of lower Na content, significantly less chlorine and contains lactates which may be advantageous in patients with significant acidemia such as patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the present study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of administration of L/R versus N/S 0.9% in patients with prerenal AKI and established CKD.

 The study included adult patients with known CKD stage II to V without need for dialysis, with prerenal AKI (AKIN Stage I to III Criteria). Patients with other forms of AKI as well as hypervolemia, heart congestion or hyperkalemia (serum K>5.5 meq/l) were excluded from the study. Patients were randomized in 1:1 ratio to receive intravenously either N/S 0.9% or L/R solution at a dose of 20 ml/kg body weight/day. We studied kidney function (eGFR: CKD-EPI) and response to treatment at discharge and at 30 days after discharge, duration of hospitalization, improvement in serum bicarbonate levels (HCO3), acid-base balance, serum potassium levels and the need for dialysis.

 The study included 26 patients (17 males) with a mean age of 59.1 ± 16.1 years. Thirteen patients received treatment with N/S 0.9% and the rest with L/R solution. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics at hospital admission and historical data did not show any significant differences in both groups of patients. Renal function at the onset of AKI did not show significant differences between the two groups (16.4 ± 5.8 vs 16.9 ± 5.7 ml/min/1.73 m2, p=ns, treatment with N/S and L/R respectively). The mean volume of solutions received by the two groups (N/S 0.9% 1119 ± 374 vs L/R 1338 ± 364 ml/day, p=ns) as well as the mean total volume of liquids received per day, did not differ significantly (2888 ± 821 vs 3069 ± 728 ml/d, p=ns). Patients treated with L/R were discharged 1 day earlier than patients treated with N/S (5.2 ± 3.2 vs 6.2 ± 4.9 days of hospitalization, p=ns). Renal function improvement during hospitalization and 30 days after discharge did not differ significantly between the two groups. Patients that received L/R showed a higher increase in plasma HCO3 (ΔHCO3) concentration at discharge than those that received N/S 0.9% (4.9 ± 4.1 vs 2.46 ± 3.7 meq/l, p=ns) and pH increase (ΔpH) was slightly higher in those that received L/R solution (0.052 ± 0.066 vs 0.023 ± 0.071, p=ns). Patients treated with N/S 0.9% showed a greater decrease in serum potassium (ΔK) at discharge compared to those treated with L/R (-0.39 ± 1.03 vs -0.17 ± 0.43 meq/l, p=ns, respectively). No patient received acute dialysis treatment.

 Administration of L/R solution as a hydration treatment to patients with prerenal AKI and established CKD is not inferior concerning safety and efficacy to N/S 0.9% solution. In addition, L/R administration seems to marginally improve acid-base balance in this specific group of patients.


Abstract Treatment of cell smears, paraffin, and Epon tissue sections with aqueous solutions of curcumin results in a green fluorescence reaction in chromatin under violet-blue excitation which is abolished after extraction procedures with DNase and TCA. The selective fluorescence characteris tics of curcumin support the possibility of employing this dye as a new fluorochrome.


C‐reactive protein (CRP), the prototypical human acute phase protein, is produced primarily by hepatocytes. Its expression is modestly induced by interleukin (IL)‐6 in Hep3B cells while IL‐1, which alone has no effect, synergistically enhances the effects of IL‐6. In previous studies of the proximal CRP promoter, we found that signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (STAT3) and C/EBPβ ‐mediated IL‐6‐induced transcription and that Rel p50 acted synergistically with C/EBPβ, in the absence of p65, to enhance CRP transcription. Neither a requirement nor a binding site for the classic nuclear factor (NF)‐κB heterodimer p50/p65 were found. The current studies were undertaken to determine whether similar novel transcription factor interactions might regulate the endogenous CRP gene. Transiently overexpressed p50 or p65 induced CRP mRNA accumulation in Hep3B cells. The heterodimer p50/p65 was markedly more effective than p50 or p65 homodimers. Co‐overexpression of p50 or p65 with C/EBPβ or STAT3 synergistically enhanced CRP expression. Maximal expression was observed with overexpression of all four transcription factors; comparable effects were observed with IL‐1β treatment of cells overexpressing STAT3 + C/EBPβ. Data from the Human Genome Project revealed 13 potential κB sites in the first 4000 bases of the CRP promoter, only one of which, centred at −2652, bound nuclear p50/p65 heterodimer activated by IL‐1β. Our findings indicate that classical NF‐κB activation can participate in endogenous CRP induction, and that activated NF‐κB may synergistically enhance the effects of C/EBPβ and STAT3. They raise the possibility, not as yet established, that NF‐κB activation may be responsible for the synergistic effect of IL‐1β on IL‐6‐induced CRP expression.


The purpose of this review study is to review the state of the
art related to research on teacher perceptions of curriculum
changes. The review is aimed primarily at the research findings
and secondarily at the methodological aspects of studies
examining this issue. Special focus is placed on the role of
school textbooks as curriculum materials supporting the
curriculum change implementation. In the review, 37 resources
published between 2000 and 2015 were analysed. Twelve of the
sources were related to the topic of teachers' use of textbooks
during curriculum change implementation. The results of the
review suggest that teacher perceptions of curriculum changes
are not uniform, but vary between positions of acceptance and
resistance. Teachers' demographical characteristics and the
perceived constraints of the implementation were identified as
the factors most influencing stances towards the curriculum
changes. It was also found that textbooks are still perceived
as a key curricular (and instructional) tool by teachers.
Teachers' lack of pedagogical content knowledge was the most
restraining factor in their use of textbooks during the
implementation of the renewed curricula. The review concludes
with suggestions for further research in this research area.


then he extrapolates these data to a different clinical group, namely patients with hepatic dysfunction. Hargreaves and Handel [I] report a patient receiving an infusion of midazolam, morphine and atracurium, who was subjected to noxious stimulus causing a rise in pulse rate and blood pressure, but not an initial rise in intracranial pressure (ICP). It is arguable that this improvement of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) should have been welcomed; however, it was treated with a bolus of alfentanil followed by an increase of ICP. This increase of ICP may have been due to the initial noxious stimulus or a reflex response to the decrease in blood pressure. Falls in blood pressure in response to opioid drugs are well recognised if the patient is 'light' or hypovolaemic; in this case report no comment is made of the statement of hydration. Later, a second dose of alfentanil had a similar effect under similar circumstances. These problems are not seen when doses of fentanyl 10 times smaller (thus not equipotent) were used later in the day. Marx et al. [2] suggest that fentanyl is the preferred opioid in patients undergoing anaesthesia who have compromised intracranial compliance. However, they accept the major effect of alfentanil in CPP is through the decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP). These authors also used a dose ratio of 10 times more alfentanil than fentanyl and then proceeded to infuse opioid only in the alfentanil group. Although this paper is not a valid comparative study, it is possible to infer that administering alfentanil in such a way that it causes a reduction in MAP should be avoided by reducing the dose, injecting more slowly or supporting the circulation. Moss [3] was also working with anaesthetised patients and showed boluses of alfentanil were associated with increases in ICP. In three of his five patients he suggests this could be due to decreases in MAP but questions whether cerebral vasodilatation is the cause in the remaining two; nevertheless he reported reductions in MAP in all patients and it is possible that in the absence of direct arterial monitoring he missed greater decreases in MAP. Mayberg et al. [4] designed to study to assess the cerebrovascular effects of alfentanil. They failed to show a significant increase in ICP in 'at risk' patients. They also demonstrated negligible effects on EEG, flow velocity and the arteriovenous oxygen difference. The authors conclude that alfentanil is neither a cerebral vasodilator nor constrictor. My conclusion after studying the above references is that it is safe to administer alfentanil to patients with poor cerebral compliance if attention is given to supporting the MAP. This can be achieved by injecting slowly (or by infusing), by supporting the cardiovascular system with vasoactive drugs or if necessary by reducing the dose. Alfentanil remains an important component of sedation in our patients with hepatic encephalopathy of medical origin and in those undergoing liver transplantation. It is difficult to compare this group of patients with those above as we use full invasive monitoring and control of MAP. Perhaps it is more relevant to stress that there has never been the suggestion that alfentanil by infusion compromises ICP and that there are other factors in good ICP control, such as neck position, minimal interventions and proper levels of background sedation. The need for the bolus injections should be minimal.


Crowd-sourcing is an increasingly popular tool for image analysis in animal ecology. Computer vision methods that can utilize crowd-sourced annotations can help scale up analysis further. In this work we study the potential to do so on the challenging task of fine-grained counting. As opposed to the standard crowd counting task, fine-grained counting also involves classifying attributes of individuals in dense crowds. We introduce a new dataset from animal ecology to enable this study that contains 1.7M crowd-sourced annotations of 8 fine-grained classes. It is the largest available dataset for fine-grained counting and the first to enable the study of the task with crowd-sourced annotations. We introduce methods for generating aggregate "ground truths" from the collected annotations, as well as a counting method that can utilize the aggregate information. Our method improves results by 8% over a comparable baseline, indicating the potential for algorithms to learn fine-grained counting using crowd-sourced supervision.


In 1984, Wilson proved the Erdős-Ko-Rado theorem for t-intersecting families of k-subsets of an n-set: he showed that if n ≥ (t + 1)(k − t + 1) and F is a family of k-subsets of an n-set such that any two members of F have at least t elements in common, then |F| ≤ ( n−t k−t ) . His proof made essential use of a matrix whose origin is not obvious. In this paper we show that this matrix can be derived, in a sense, as a projection of t-(n, k, 1) design.


Abstract : The natural bending modes of the high and low speed shafts from the TF3O engine were measured in order to provide an unequivocal reference for validation of 3D Finite Element models of the shafts. The shafts were assembled separately, and without blades or any engine casing structure.


T he waltz is a dance that survives in ballroom dancing today, characterized by stylish, restrained movements and conjuring up images of elegantly dressed couples moving in tandem to the 1–2–3 melodic rhythm. It is a pleasant, restrained, couples dance. Nothing remains of the peasant origins of the dance, which involved jumping and bouncing and movements so vigorous that pregnant women were warned not to participate in it for fear of losing the fetus. The waltz is said to have been the first "forbidden dance." Although the shadowy aspect of the waltz was left out of the ballroom, it continued to exist in the imagination: The waltz was often featured as a macabre dance, a dance with death, a dance of tooperfect and therefore sinister agreement between the dancing couple. The partners were imaged as demonic, their perfect dance unstoppable. In short, in the imagination the dance referred to the messy reality beneath the smooth, tooperfect illusion. It is this shadow aspect of the dance that influences the movie Waltz with Bashir. The waltz is evoked twice in the movie. Once, in the scene of crossing a street in Beirut under a hail of bullets, one of the soldiers grabs an MG and proceeds, as if in a hypnotic waltz, to cross the street unharmed by the shower of bullets from above. It is a mad dance against death, and the dancing couple—here consisting of soldier and gun—seem to have united in a defiant trance. Instead of the expected dance of youth and love and life, this scene evokes the terrible images of war and the need to partner with firearms in order to survive the experience. In war there is a psychological need to go into a trance, a berserker state that might provide emotional and physical survival. Without it, without the music, the rhythmic movement, the inner prayer for survival, a soldier would find it difficult, if not impossible, to enter the initiatory experience that is war. The second evocation of the dance is in the movie's title. Here, too, there is neither joy nor elegance


In this paper, the importance of blockchain technology have been discussed and the generations of blockchain (Bitcoin and Ethereum) have been compared provided different aspects. The blockchain is a technology which allows direct transaction without involving third party. Also, it offers many facilities like high translucency, high safety and security, improved trace-ability, greater proficient and transactions' speed, and reduced costs. Moreover, the cryptocurrencies provide advance security level. The basic purpose of this study is to highlight different aspects of Blockchain, Bitcoin and Ethereum and to show which cryptocurrency is better approach. The research contributes to show the impact of this technology in different fields and a comparison of bitcoin and ethereum is presented to analyze and furnish a decision regarding the best among them. The use of blochchain technology in government applications can bring a drastic change in the world because it is safer and faster. Also, the comparison shows that ethereum is better than bitcoin as it is efficient and has more applications as compared to bitcoin. It offers more advanced services such as smart contracts. All in all, the analysis has concluded with Ethereum as faster and securer approach.


Aiming at the problem of low diagnosis efficiency and accuracy, due to noise and cross aliasing among various faults when diagnosing composite faults of rolling bearing under actual working conditions, a composite fault diagnosis method of rolling bearing based on optimized wavelet packet autoregressive (AR) spectral energy entropy and adaptive no velocity term particle swarm optimization-self organizing map-back propagation neural network (ANVTPSO-SOM-BPNN) is proposed. The energy entropy feature is extracted from the bearing vibration signal through wavelet packet AR spectrum, and SOM and BPNN are combined to form a series network. For PSO, the velocity term is discarded and the inertia weight and learning factor are adaptively adjusted. Finally, the Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence fusion diagnosis is carried out. To get closer to the application condition, the data are collected near and far away from the fault point for the composite fault diagnosis, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.


WWW.CUTIS.COM A 91-year-old white man with a history of atrial fibrillation, benign prostatic hyperplasia, dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, hypertension, hypothyroidism, osteoarthritis, and laryngeal cancer presented with an 8-mm firm, painless, pink lesion with telangiectasia on the left wrist. The lesion had been present for an unknown period of time and was asymptomatic at presentation.


THE GRAIN SIZE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE UPSTREAM SAND FILTER ZONE OF THE SESQUILE DAM RAISED THE QUESTION OF WHETHER ITS DRAINAGE FACILITIES WERE ADEQUATE UNDER DRAWDOWN CONDITIONS TO PREVENT ANY INSTABILITY IN THIS ZONE. THIS PAPER PRESENTS THE LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAM, WHICH CONSISTED OF BOTH INSTANTANEOUS DRAWDOWN AND CONSTANT RATE OF DRAWDOWN TESTS, AND THE ANALYSIS DEVELOPED THEREOF. SIMPLE AND APPROXIMATE EQUATIONS WERE DERIVED FOR THE LEVEL OF 100 PER CENT SATURATION, WHICH FIT THE EXPERIMENTAL CURVES SOME TIME AFTER THE START OF EACH TEST. THEIR APPLICATIONS TO STABILITY CALCULATIONS ARE BRIEFLY OUTLINED. /LCPC/RRL/A/


Three dimensional thermal mechanical coupled elastic plastic FEM simulation for square rolling processes in box roll profile was investigated by using MARC/AutoForge code. The simulation results are in good agreement with the mill logs.


Dramatic lightning displays and various incidences of 'giant' hail (Fig. 1) provided an appropriate 'last night's storm' backcloth to the Tornado and Storm Research Organisation's (TORRO) conference on severe storms held in Oxford on 8 June 1996. Temperatures exceeded 31 "C in Kent, East Anglia, and London on 7 June 1996. A maximum of 33.1"C at St. James's Park, Westminster, set a new daily extreme for this date; indeed only in 1947 and 1950 have comparable temperatures been recorded during the first week of June. Thunderstorms were forecast to affect much of southeast Britain in the evening as much cooler air approached from the west.


Forests are composed of landscape spatial units (patches) of different sizes, shapes, and characteristics. The forest landscape pattern and its trends are closely related to resistance to disturbance, restoration, stability, and the biodiversity of the forest landscape and directly influence the benefits and sustainable exploitation of forest landscape resources. Therefore, forest landscape patterns and the driving forces have increasingly attracted the attention of researchers. The present study analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of woodland landscape patterns in typical hilly mountainous areas in southern China using ArcGIS, landscape pattern index, and morphological spatial pattern analysis. Meanwhile, a logistic regression model was used to analyze the drivers of woodland change in Anyuan County from three aspects: natural, geographic location, and socio-economic conditions. The total area of woodland decreased during the 10-year study period, with a net decrease of 4959.27 ha, mainly due to conversion into cultivated land, garden land, and construction land. Patch density, edge density, and aggregation index of woodlands increased over time, indicating enhanced fragmentation, stable and complex patch edges, and increased patch connectivity. Conversely, the highest patch index values exhibited decreasing trends, indicating decreases in the dominant patch type. Morphological spatial pattern analysis results showed that the core area was dominant and the islet area increased over time, which also indicates enhanced fragmentation. Forest landscape change is the result of environmental change, ecological processes, and human disturbance, with geographical location and social economy having greater influences on forest landscape change. Human activities such as navel orange cultivation, returning cultivated land to forest, and land occupation for construction were the major factors driving woodland change. The results provide reference that could facilitate forest management and sustainable forest resource utilization.


Financial relationships are an often-overlooked responsibility for the acquisitions librarian. Certainly much attention is paid to the management of the budget, budget allocation, and internal reporting of expenditures, particularly in subject and format categories. Today's automated acquisitions systems have made these facets of managing the library's materials budget much easier. However, no automated system can provide the personal financial relationships needed by an acquisitions librarian to successfully order, receive, and pay for library materials. This article will identify the types of individuals engaged in financial activities that may impact the acquisitions librarian, will discuss why financial relationships with these individuals are important to the acquisitions librarian, and will discuss how relationships with these individuals can be enhanced.


1. A process for preparing a complex of immobilized 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one / zinc oxide, in which! provide a mixture that includes the capture effective amount of zinc oxide; a liquid phase comprising water, C1-C4 branched or unbranched alcohol or a mixture thereof; an antimicrobial agent dissolved in the liquid phase and selected from the group consisting of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, the salts of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one and mixtures thereof; and! deposited antimicrobial agent to obtain a complex of the immobilized 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one / zinc oxide. ! 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ratio wt / wt antimicrobial agentoksid zinc is from about 1:20 to about 3: 1. ! 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid phase comprises water. ! 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the liquid phase has a pH of from about 7 to about 8.5. ! 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixture comprises a zinc compound selected from the group consisting of zinc chloride, zinc bromide, zinc acetate, zinc formate, and zinc nitrate, and mixtures thereof. ! 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the precipitated complex comprises at least about 40% of an immobilized 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one based on 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one used to prepare the complex. ! 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the antimicrobial agent is precipitated by cooling the mixture, neutralizing the mixture, or grinding the mixture. ! 8. The antimicrobial composition which is suitable for providing antibacterial activity on the surface of a solid comprising 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one or a salt thereof, which is immobilized in the form of the complex of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one / zinc oxide. ! 9. The composition of claim 8 wherein the weight / weight ratio of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one: zinc oxide is


It is known that the entropy function over a set of jointly distributed random variables is a submodular set function. However, not any submodular function is of this form. In this paper, we consider a family of submodular set functions, called weighted rank functions of matroids, and study the necessary or sufficient conditions under which they are entropic. We prove that weighted rank functions are located on the boundary of the submodularity cone. For the representable matroids over a characteristic 2 field, we show that the integer valued weighted rank functions are entropic. We derive a necessary condition for constant weight rank functions to be entropic and show that for the case of graphic matroids, this condition is indeed sufficient. Since these functions generalize the rank of a matroid, our findings generalize some of the results of Abbe et. al. in [1] about entropic properties of the rank function of matroids.


Background: Despite improvement in treatment modalities, a cancer diagnosis and its related treatments continue to cause significant distress. Aims: This study analyzed the prevalence of common symptoms, as well as the influence of various sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics on the quality of life (QoL). Methods and Materials: Data were gathered through the administration of the Quality of life questionnaire (QLQ-C30) from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Patients (EORTC) to a Saudi adult population receiving treatments. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using t test, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's correlation test and linear regression analysis. Results: Four hundred patients (median age = 48) were surveyed (women = 58.5%). More than half had breast or gastrointestinal cancer. The Global QoL score was 71.1 with a 95% confidence interval (68.9–73.3). The lowest functional scale was Physical (69.8%). The most prevalent symptoms were fatigue (40.6%) and insomnia (39.1%). Men showed a higher emotional (P = 0.048) and cognitive (P = 0.013) functioning. Married patients reported better physical (P = 0.027) and cognitive (P = 0.004) functioning. Education was associated with better physical functioning (P = 0.003). More financial stress was present when caring for children (P = 0.017), living alone (P = 0.01), and living outside the treatment region (P = 0.001). Gaps were found between reported symptoms and provided treatments, especially for pain, constipation, and insomnia. Palliative care was involved in 7.5% of cases and mostly when higher levels of fatigue (P = 0.002), pain (P = 0.001), dyspnea (P = 0.05), and lower functioning were present. Conclusion: Significant differences were found according to sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment patients' characteristics, as well as significant gaps between reported symptoms and management plans in place. This study showed that various factors can influence the QoL and this knowledge can enable the provision of better support to maintain the QoL.


This paper describes the design of a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) strategy for a variable speed, small scale, wind turbine systems based on a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The FLC has as input variables the change in mechanical power (ΔPm), the change in rotor speed (Δω), and the sign of ΔPm/Δω. The change of reference generator current (ΔI*) is the output variable. For small power applications, when the turbine inertia is relatively small, and the wind speed changes continuously, it is important to consider the transients in order to develop an accurate theoretical model and to attain optimal operation. Therefore, the mechanical power (Pm) is composed of the generator mechanical (input) power (Pg) plus the dynamic power, resulting in the dynamic power versus rotating speed curve. The controller is able to track the maximum power point for changing wind conditions, and is robust with respect to turbine parameter changes. The FLC is described, analyzed and validated by digital simulations.


Norman Rostoker pioneered research of (1) plasma-driven accelerators and (2) beam-driven fusion reactors. The collective acceleration, coined by Veksler, advocates to drive above-ionization plasma waves by an electron beam to accelerate ions. The research on this, among others, by the Rostoker group incubated the idea that eventually led to the birth of the laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), by which a large and robust accelerating collective fields may be generated in plasma in which plasma remains robust and undisrupted. Besides the emergence of LWFA, the Rostoker research spawned our lessons learned on the importance of adiabatic acceleration of ions in collective accelerators, including the recent rebirth in laser-driven ion acceleration efforts in a smooth adiabatic fashion by a variety of ingenious methods. Following Rostoker's research in (2), the beam-driven Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) has accomplished breakthroughs in recent years. The beam-driven kinetic plasma instabilities have been f...


Tourism has become a Leading Sector for the Government. The success of tourism destinations in the current era of society 4.0 cannot be separated from the regional ability to develop information systems and promotions based on digital 4.0. The purpose of this activity is to help the Tourism Office's human resources have the basics of destination marketing and open the paradigm of thinking of the Tourism Office's human resources about the importance of marketing. The method is the lecture method, FGD, and direct practice in the field. The Participants of this activity were 7 people who came from Bimtek, namely the West Kotawaringin Regency Tourism Office. This community service activity was carried out on Saturday and Sunday, 16-17 November 2019. The place for this activity took a place at the College of Tourism Economics in Semarang and the Bandungan area. The result of this dedication is the formation of lecture material which includes the Definition of Tourist Attractions, the Definition of Tourism Destinations, and the Uniqueness of Kalimantan's Tourist Attractions which are worth VRIN.


The spin dynamics of a quasi-one-dimensional ferromagnetic Ising system (CH3)3NH.CoCl3.2H2O (TN=4.135K) is studied by measuring the proton spin-lattice relaxation rate at 3-300K in externally applied fields of 2.5-33 kOe parallel to the Ising axis. The overall behaviour of the temperature and field dependence including a rate maximum at a temperature well above TN is found to be governed by the q to O and omega to 0 component of the susceptibility.


Abstract : Mortality rates for breast cancer are approximately 25% higher in the northeast U. S. than the south or west. Virtually all previous investigations into this phenomenon have assumed that the elevated mortality rates reflect elevated incidence, and this putative elevation in incidence has been attributed to a number of factors. We hypothesized that the geographic variation in breast cancer mortality was secondary to differences in survival with breast cancer as well as differences in incidence. We proposed to test this by identifying women aged >70 years newly diagnosed with breast cancer in 1991 in different regions of the country using Medicare charge data and assessing their survival. Initially we developed algorithms to determine incident breast cancer and date of diagnosis from the Medicare data and validating them using the SEER-Medicare linked data base. We found that an algorithm incorporating data from hospital inpatient, hospital outpatient, and physician services claims produced levels of sensitivity and specificity> 90%. However, the positive prediction value was low (67 to 70 percent), precluding use of Medicare data alone to examine survival from breast cancer. Our current work is using SEER-Medicare linked data to examine geographic variation in incidence, survival and mortality of women with breast cancer.


This is the final report on the work done by David Hein at the NASA-AMES Research Center. The main emphasis is on the work done on the Conditional Replenishment Emulator. The progress for May and a description of the emulator are given. Brief summaries of the work that was done in the other areas covered by the contract over the entire contract period are also provided.


We perform a combined numerical and experimental study to investigate the transonic shock-wave/turbulent-boundary-layer interactions (STBLI) in a shock-induced separated subscale planar nozzle with fully-expanded Mach number,$M_j = 1.05$ and jet Reynolds number $Re \sim 10^5$. The nozzle configuration is tested via time-resolved schlieren visualisation. While numerous studies have been conducted on the high Reynolds number separated flowfields, little is known on the weak shock wave unsteadiness present in low nozzle pressure ratio (NPR) transonic nozzles. Therefore, numerical simulations are carried out with high resolution three-dimensional delayed detached eddy simulation (DDES), to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of wall pressure signals and unsteady shock interactions. The transient statistics considered include spectral Fourier and wavelet-based analysis and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). The spectral analyses reveal energetic low frequency modes corresponding to the staging behaviour of shock unsteadiness, and high frequencies linked to the characteristics of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities in the downstream turbulent mixing layer. The mechanisms for the low frequency unsteadiness is educed through modal decomposition and spectral analysis, wherein it is found that the downstream perturbations within the separation bubble play a major role in not only closing the aeroacoustic feedback loop, but allowing the continual evolution and sustainment of low frequency unsteadiness. An analysis via the vortex sheet method is also carried out to characterise the screech production, by assuming an upstream propagating guided jet mode


Lots of people have doubts of virtual community.For example,Urich Beck's theory about risk society has been cited by more and more people when discussing the information society.Others think that virtual community has lots of advantage.The author of this paper argues that the virtual community will make a contribution to a harmonious society if the government can enhance information fair and promote information open to public.


Bioplastics, automotive industry and agriculture are closely connected. On one side, renewable resources from agriculture are basic feedstock for bioplastics manufacturing. On the other side, products made from bioplastic materials have many applications in agriculture, in packaging for food industry, in construction and in automotive industry. If bioplastics are biodegradable, the life cycle can be closed by degrading them in industrial or home composters. The purpose of the work was to explore the relationship between the composition of a ternary bioplastic blends and its mechanical properties. Tree polymers were used, PLA, PBAT and PA. PLA (polylactide) is a bio-based polymer produced by Nature Works, designed for injection moulding applications. PBAT (ecoflex F BX 7011) is an oil-based, biodegradable polymer designed for film extrusion and extrusion coating, produced by BASF. PA (platamid HX 2656) is a bio-based polymer produced by ARKEMA, designed to be used textile industry, for adhesives and coatings. Relationship between rotation speed during extrusion, morphology and resistance at impact will be given.


Using Genetic Algorithm to optimize mechanical properties of ceramic die material, the best volume fraction of each mechanical property can be obtained respectively. And the best volume fraction of comprehensive mechanical properties also can be obtained by multi-objective optimization. Experimental results of the material fabrication indicate that the developed ceramic material possesses good comprehensive mechanical properties when the volume fraction of SiC is 14.6% and Ti(C,N) is 15.2%. It proves that the method proposed in the present study is reasonable and feasible not only for the SiC/Ti(C,N)/Al2O3 material but also for design of other advanced ceramic materials.


The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence that the company's independent board of commissioners has a positive effect on firm value, to obtain empirical evidence that audit committees have a positive effect on firm value, to obtain empirical evidence that profitability has a positive effect on firm value, to obtain empirical evidence that family ownership strengthens good relations. Corporate governance on firm value and to obtain empirical evidence of family ownership strengthens the relationship between financial performance and firm value. Variable measurement in this study uses the dependent variable, independent variable, moderating variable, and control variable. The results of the study show that the board of commissioners and ROE have an effect on firm value. While the audit committee has no effect on firm value. And family ownership strengthens the relationship between ROE and audit committee on firm value, but cannot moderate the relationship between independent commissioners and firm value.


Students determine the ground state ionization constant by analyzing the absorption spectra of 2-naphthol in acidic, basic, as well as buffered solutions.


This is the first register of black hummingbird, Florisuga fusca, (Mainumby hú : Guaranı)́, at the Central th th th Department, Paraguay, in 2010. The observation was made with naked eye on September 27 , 28 . and 30 ., an adult of the species was photographed at the bike lane in San Lorenzo city, located at the geographical coordinates (25 ° 20' 16 "S 57 ° 30' 46 "W) (11 km east of Asunción city, the area itself is a 15 Ha green recreational park, in which there is a small artificial lake whose water mirror covers three quarters of Ha). This finding increases the distribution range in approximately 250 km to the west. Observation was probably an individual accidental visitor.


This article,which bases on designing language of the product design in emotional products,elaborated specifically the form of the emotional modeling language in modern product design from instinct emotional,behavior emotional and reflection emotional three aspects.And this article aims to let the individuals learn more clearly about the product of designing language,so that the product emotional design will be more efficient.


Abstract Objective: We report an extremely rare case of maxillary haemangioma. Method: Case report and review of the literature concerning haemangioma arising from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Results: Maxillary haemangioma is rare and sometimes requires wider resection than nasal haemangioma if a large tumour is found. We present a case of maxillary haemangioma in a 37-year-old Japanese woman, which was completely resected by pre-operative embolisation and endoscopic sinus surgery. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that if a large maxillary haemangioma is diagnosed pre-operatively, the treatment of choice is pre-operative embolisation followed by endoscopic sinus surgery, in order to avoid the surgical complications associated with wide resection.


To provide a dust removing apparatus for removing dust from only one side of a dust removing object, in which a receiving unit having a simple configuration opposed to a dust removing head is added, after a flowing direction of cleaning gas from an injection chamber that passes through a gap between adjacent dust removing objects is changed, dust is sucked by a suction chamber, thereby reducing unnecessary scattering of dust. The dust removing apparatus 1 includes a receiving unit 200 that is located such as to be opposed to a dust removing head 100 and that changes a direction upon receptionof cleaning gas injected from an injection opening 111a of an injection chamber 111, the cleaning gas is injected from the injection opening 111a of the injection chamber 111 toward a gap between adjacent two dust removing objects 10, and the cleaning gas whose direction is changed by a receiving unit 200 is sucked from a suction opening 112a of the upper suction chamber 112 and a suction opening113a of a downstream suction chamber 113.


Introduction: Outer Volume Suppression (OVS) is used to saturate unwanted MR signals in spectroscopy. Typically, OVS is performed with multiple conventional (e.g., sinc) pulses and suffers from low efficiency and high Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). We have previously introduced a new OVS RF pulse design (1) consisting of a constant frequency offset RF pulse applied together with sinusoidal temporal gradient modulations. It was experimentally demonstrated that this technique allows, in a single RF excitation, for circular and elliptic shaped 2D OVS patterns (1). However, it remains challenging to alter the geometry of these patterns, a flexibility that is required in human brain studies in order to match OVS patterns with anatomical targets defined for each patient. We introduce a new algorithm to design these pulses, capable of large geometry adjustment and of preserving a constant OVS width. We verify experimentally its properties in a phantom on a human 9.4 T scanner. Pulse Design Principle: An RF pulse with constant magnitude and time varying offset frequency is applied with a time varying 2D gradient in order to achieve RF excitation along a curved target. The time-dependent gradient continuously reorients the plane of frequency selection in space. This, together with the appropriately designed RF pulse, creates the proper condition to accomplish rapid passage (2) in a spatial location moving along a curved trajectory. We need to define the gradient strength (Gx, Gy), the gradient orientation and the RF offset frequency. To preserve a constant curve thickness (bandwidth), we constrain the net gradient strength G = (Gx +Gy ) to be constant and calculate it with G = s(Tpw) ; here s is an empirically determined scaling factor, and Tp and w are the desired pulse duration and bandwidth, respectively. We apply the gradient and RF in such a way that at each moment the on-resonance isochromats are disposed along a plane tangent to the curve. With the origin at the gradient isocenter, this problem becomes: given a point on a curve, find the tangent line at that point and the distance from the origin to this tangent line. The orientation of the gradient is perpendicular to this line, while the distance defines the RF offset frequency. Let's assume for example an excitation curve defined by an ellipse, xe(t) = acosθ(t)+x0 and ye(t) = bsinθ(t)+y0, where t is the time variable (Fig. 1). In this case, the gradient orientation and the distance become φ(t) = arctan[batanθ(t)] and rB(t) = {[c(t)bcosθ(t)] +[c(t)asinθ(t)]}, respectively; here c(t) = [ab+ay0sinθ(t)+bx0cosθ(t)][a sinθ(t)+bcosθ(t)]. The gradient waveforms are then given by Gx(t) = Gcosφ(t), Gy(t) = Gsinφ(t), and the RF offset frequency by ωrf(t) = γGrB(t). Materials and Methods: For demonstration purpose, we imaged the OVS excitation pattern rather than the corresponding suppressed signal. An 8ch RF Transmit (Tx), 9.4 T human scanner was used (Varian, USA). An elliptical 8ch Transceiver RF array (3,4) was loaded with a 1.8 L spherical doped water phantom. Gradient and RF pulses were designed with a constant angular velocity of on-resonance traversal on the ellipse (i.e., θ(t) = ωt). We designed OVS patterns of different shapes, sizes, positions and bandwidths within an axial slice of 14 cm in diameter. The main specifications for those pulses are displayed in Table 1, where the numbers in red show the parameters that differed from a reference ellipse (first column). Tp = 2 ms, unless specified otherwise. Excitation patterns were experimentally imaged using a spin echo (SE) sequence where the slice selective excitation module was replaced with the OVS excitation (slice thk = 5 mm, FOV = 20 x 20 cm, matrix = 128 x 64, TR/TE = 300/26 ms). Tx B1 heterogeneity was mitigated with static B1 shimming (5). A regular SE image with sinc RF excitation was also obtained with the same imaging parameters in order to appreciate image intensity variations due to B1 field inhomogeneities. Numerical simulations of the excitation patterns were performed assuming a uniform B1 in the image plane. Results and Discussion: Based on these calculations, the RF offset frequency continuously varied through time, and the gradient waveforms were not pure sinusoids (Fig. 2). Numerical simulations closely matched the experimental results (Fig. 3). Residual differences between the two were mostly attributed to ΔB0 and gradient imperfections. As expected, image intensity variations due to RF coil B1 inhomogeneity (Fig. 3a) were consistently observed in all images. Another expected source of signal non-uniformity was the varying excitation traversal rate along the ring, which may be addressed with a constant traversal speed of excitation target. It will be interesting to determine whether Tx B1 inhomogeneity induced variations can be addressed by embedding dynamic B1 shim in the pulse design, modulating RF phase and magnitude of each channel through time. As previously shown, periodic concentric excitation rings were generated outside the first, main excitation ring (Fig. 3b-k). However, when using OVS RF pulses in vivo to suppress signal from the skin, only this innermost ring is of interest and the other ones can be ignored. Increasing the bandwidth decreases the gradient strength, and thus increases sensitivity to ΔB0. Therefore, a shorter RF pulse was utilized (1 ms instead of 2 ms) for the thicker ellipse pattern (Fig. 3f). Although an ellipse was used in the current study, the algorithm could be used to obtain any convex curved pattern and extended to account for ΔB0. Conclusions: We have introduced a new method to calculate 2D, single-shot OVS RF pulses, allowing for flexible control of pattern geometry. The properties of this method have been experimentally verified at 9.4 T. Standard hardware is required to utilize these RF pulses.


4MOST (4-meter Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope) is a wide-field, fiber-feed, high-multiplex spectroscopic survey facility to be installed on the 4-meter ESO telescope VISTA in Chile. Its backend consists of one high resolution spectrograph and two identical low resolution spectrographs. The instrument is presently in the final design phase (review in May 2018) and is expected to enter full operations at the beginning of 2023 ([1] and [2]). The high resolution spectrograph (HRS) will afford simultaneous observations of up to 812 targets – over a hexagonal field of view of ~ 4.1 square degrees on sky – with a spectral resolution R>18,000 covering wavelength ranges between 393 and 679 nm in three channels. The optical design of the instrument is described in detail in [5]. In February 2017 the final design review for the optics was held and passed successfully. The final design review for the mechanics and all other parts of the instrument was held in May 2018. A summary and update of the optical and mechanical design of the HRS are presented in this paper. The detailed status of the manufacturing of the optics is given. The procedures and tools used during the AIT phase for the optical alignment of the HRS system, as well as the performance tests and characterizations are described.


A design methodology for three-stage CMOS OTAs operating in the subthreshold region is presented. The procedure is focused on the development of ultra-low-power amplifiers requiring low silicon area but being able to drive high capacitive loads. Indeed, by following the presented methodology we designed a CMOS OTA in a 0.35- μm technology that occupies only 4.4·10-3 mm2, is powered with a 1-V supply, exhibits 120-dB DC gain and is able to drive a capacitive load up to 200 pF. Thanks to proposed methodology, the OTA is able to provide a 20-kHz unity gain bandwidth while consuming 195 nW, even under the high load considered. Moreover, the slew rate enhancer circuit in addition to the class AB output stage allows an average slew rate higher than 5 mV/μs with the 200 pF load. Comparison with prior art shows an improvement factor in the figures of merit higher than 5.


In this work, nano-alumina / epoxy resin nanocomposites with nano-alumina fraction of 1, 3 and 5 wt.% were prepared and subsequently fluorinated at 40°C in F2/N2 gas mixture (20/80 v/v) with pressure of 0.05 MPa. The nano-alumina was treated by the saline coupling agent of $\gamma$-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) to restrict the aggregation. The chemical bonding was examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) which has indicated the molecular-chain scission during the gas-phase fluorination. The trap density and trap level distribution in the nanocomposites before and after fluorination were investigated by thermally stimulated current (TSC). The results shown that fluorination introduces shallow traps on the surface which increases the surface conductivity. Hence depth of charge traps are considerably reduced after fluorination. The results shown that nanocomposites with 1 wt.% nano-alumina appeared with deeper traps and higher trap energy level comparing with the other samples. However with increased nano-alumina mass fraction, e.g. 3 and 5 wt.%, considerable over-lapping interaction zones appear, that results in the reduced trap energy level.


Human-animal studies have taken a "wild turn" because of growing concern that the urgency to preserve or restore native species and ecosystems has led to overlooking the pain and suffering inflicted upon nonhuman animals targeted as threats to that cause. Martha Nussbaum's capabilities approach is used to examine the case of wild horses in the American West. Federal law protecting them predates amendments requiring managers to regulate their numbers because of conservation. I conclude that the wild horse program meets Nussbaum's definition of compassion in important respects, and that temporary fertility control, long-term pastures, and adoptions fulfill her criteria of justice, but with important qualifications. The capabilities approach relies on the possibility of rational discourse about the protection of wildlife individuals, but that consensus might apply only to certain species. In addition, "culture wars" plaguing the U.S. threaten the possibility of a consensus about compassion and justice for nonhuman animals.


The basic principle for improving photolithography resolution of phase-shifting mask is discussed and a new method for manufacturing attenuated phase-shifting mask with photoresist shifter is proposed.Experimental research in carried out by means of projection photolithography experimental system with KrF excimer laser designed and built by ourselves.The experimental results are given and a comparison with the traditional photolithography methods is carried out.


Remote sensing, geographic information system and GPS(3S) technology have been well recognized as comprehensive, accurate and up-to-date information collection methods, which are increasingly adopted in biodiversity conservation. This review summarizes the application of object-oriented classification methods on biodiversity monitoring projects based on high-resolution remote sensing imagines in China. Biodiversity conservation research based on GIS technology in China is also discussed, with emphasis on the advantages of GIS analysis and modeling function.


Accurate localization of crop remains highly challenging in unstructured environments, such as farms. Many developed systems still rely on the use of hand selected features for crop identification and often neglect the estimation of crop quantity and ripeness, which is a key to assigning labor during farming processes. To alleviate these limitations, we present a robotic vision system that can accurately estimate the quantity and ripeness of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L), a key horticultural crop. This system consists of three parts: detection, ripeness estimation, and tracking. Efficient detection is achieved using the FasterRCNN (FRCNN) framework. Ripeness is then estimated in the same framework by learning a parallel layer which we experimentally show results in superior performance than treating ripeness as extra classes in the traditional FRCNN framework. Evaluation of these two techniques outlines the improved performance of the parallel layer, where we achieve an  $F_1$ score of 77.3 for the parallel technique yet only 72.5 for the best scoring (red) of the multiclass implementation. To track the crop, we present a vision only tracking via detection approach, which uses the FRCNN with parallel layers as input. Being a vision only solution, this approach is cheap to implement as it only requires a camera and in experiments, using field data, we show that our proposed system can accurately estimate the number of sweet pepper present, to within 4.1% of the visual ground truth.


According to the sequence from NCBI,a complete coding sequence of a pea actin isoform(PEAc3) was cloned.The full length of the cDNA was 1134 bp which coded the protein of PEAc3 with 377 amino acids.The analysis of the amino acid sequence showed that PEAc3 was a kind of acid protein without signal peptide and its molecular weight was 41 668.7 Da.The structure analysis suggested that PEAc3 had a series of motif included three actin signatures,ACTINS_1(PS00406),ACTINS_ACT_LIKE(PS01132) and ACTINS_2(PS00432).The homology was 89.07% among PEAc3 and other hundreds of plant actins.At last,the relationship between the activity sites and functions of PEAc3 was discussed.


Child abuse and neglect often occur within the context of multiple risk factors, in particular parental mental health (MH) and/or drug and alcohol (D&A) problems. Interventions aimed at improving parental MH and D&A issues can have a positive impact on children now, as well as in the future. However, implementing sustainable service models that facilitate positive change for families with multiple risk factors is challenging. The purpose of the present study was to gain feedback from key stakeholders on a service model targeted at families where there are parental D&A, MH and child protection concerns to identify possible strengths and limitations of the model. This identified possible strategies for service improvement from the perspective of discharged clients and clinical staff. Gaining feedback from key stakeholders on service models is increasingly recognised as central to service evaluation and development. Ten interviews were conducted with clinical staff and twenty interviews with discharged clients of a pilot service that works with families where the child or children are at risk of significant harm in the context of parental MH and/or D&A issues. The interviews with clinicians highlighted difficulties working with this complex client group and its impact on staff burnout. Clinicians suggested how the model could be changed to better support clinical staff from burnout. Interviews with discharged clients highlighted the importance of the relationship with the worker in establishing client engagement and facilitating change. The way in which these recommendations informed the design of the service model is discussed.


A systematic investigation of the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by NH3over V2O5/TiO2catalysts of variable vanadia loading has been carried out at 623 K. Kinetic studies were conducted both in the presence and in the absence of H2O and SO2. The structure of the various catalysts, as well as adsorbed species present on their surface, was characterized byin situRaman and infrared spectroscopies. Under dry and SO2-free conditions, the turnover frequency of the SCR reaction was found to go through a maximum with vanadia surface coverage at approximately half a monolayer. The observed decrease in the SCR turnover frequency at vanadia surface coverages exceeding half a monolayer can be attributed to the loss of strong acid sites which are associated with the TiO2support. Addition of H2O to the reacting gas mixture results in a decrease in the SCR turnover frequency of approximately 40–50%, which is independent of the vanadia surface coverage.In situRaman results suggest that such a decrease can be attributed to the competitive adsorption of H2O on the active vanadia sites. The presence of SO2in the gas phase during the SCR reaction results in a significant increase of the turnover frequency at low vanadia surface coverages, while it has no effect at vanadia surface coverages above half a monolayer. Raman and infrared results suggest that the effect of SO2can be attributed to the formation of surface sulfate species, which are only present on the titania surface below half a monolayer coverage due to repulsive interactions between the surface vanadia and sulfate species.


Groundwater has always played a critical role in meeting the water demands of traditionally water-short areas of urban Kathmandu. Studies show that ground water level is depleting and is under immense pressure due to over-extraction.The current study focuses on existing situation of ground water availability and use in urban Kathmandu, conflicts among households for ground water use and changing social setting and policy implementation.The study found that the traditional culture of using public well and sharing and optimizing groundwater resource is gradually fading due to scarcity of water. Private deep wells are being constructed inside house for household use altering traditional social setting of a public well and culture of sharing public resource is declining. There is no authority and policy to control and monitor the ground water extraction for private use. The increasing number of groundwater extraction, uncontrolled and unregulated use for private and commercial use has contested the use of common pool resource and traditional social setting. The Geographical Journal of Nepal Vol. 10: 153-166, 2017


The connotation,implementary policy background,and reformational theoretical foundation and technical conditions of combining medicine and education are discussed in this paper. Ways to solve difficulties faced by the implementation of combining medicine and education in special school are proposed.


Report presenting an analysis of the performance of compressor-turbine jet-propulsion systems carried out by calculating the thrust power from a compressor-turbine jet engine with a systematic variation of pressure ratio, fuel-air ratio, compressor and turbine efficiencies, flight speed, altitude, and maximum gas temperature.


A new methodology is proposed for Great Lakes flood hazard mapping. The methodology includes a process for sampling and screening storm events and computing water level probabilities based on high-fidelity modeling of significant storm events. A technical analysis framework is provided to construct accurate extremal distributions of total water levels and to accurately estimate base flood elevations. High-resolution, high-fidelity modeling of all historical storm events is simply not feasible due to time, computational and funding constraints. Therefore, the recommended approach is to screen and sample historical events to select the minimum number of events required to accurately model the total water level extremal distributions. This study focused on evaluating the validity of the recommended statistical analysis and storm sampling approach, and determining the adequate storm sample size. For this purpose, several tasks were performed, including: computation of storm-surrogate waves and water levels; definition of full sample and composite storm sets; and evaluation of the statistical analysis approach for a record length of 50 years. It was determined that the ideal number of events that should be sampled to accurately define water level extremal distributions is roughly 150 storms. Also, the prioritization of waves and water levels in storm sampling was extensively evaluated. It was found that approximately 25 percent to 30 percent of all selected storms were both highly ranked surge events and highly ranked wave events, thus minimizing the effects of different event prioritization ratios. Extreme water levels, corresponding to one percent and 0.2 percent annual chance of exceedance, had negligible variation regardless of the event prioritization ratio. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR. ERDC/CHL TR-12-19 iii


To improve the development of postgraduate and build up the consciousness of competition, we should assess the overall quality of postgraduate generally. The quality is about mentality and moral, science and culture, innovation, practice, physical and psychological health. The assessment system must have these points followed: overall, whole course, trendy, continuous, synthetic.


In this paper analysis of double U-slot loaded patch antenna is presented. The parameter of the antenna significantly depends on slot dimensions. Bandwidth of the proposed antenna is found 21.59 %. The 3dB beamwidth of the antenna is found to be 90° for the central frequency of 1.9 GHz. The theoretical results obtained from the analysis are compared with IE3D simulated and experimental results which are in good agreement.


The purpose of this study was to correlate major chronologic events known to have a bearing on the risk for developing breast carcinoma with histologic tumor type. Data were obtained for 1024 consecutively treated patients with the seven most common forms of mammary carcinoma. The age of occurrence of the following events was determined: menarche; first marriage; first pregnancy and first childbirth; last pregnancy and last childhood; diagnosis. The interval between each of these events and diagnosis of breast cancer was also calculated.


IntroductionNeck masses are frequently found in clinical practice. A spectrum of pathological lesions ranging from inflammation to benign and highly malignant manifestation is observed. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of neck masses is a quick, easy, safe and cheap technique in the diagnosis which has been a well-accepted procedure in diagnosing various swellings. Histopathology is a gold standard technique in diagnosing any swelling which also provide detail architecture, however it also requires OT setings, more manpower, expensive, time consuming, more traumatic and can sometimes become difficult.ObjectiveThe objective of our study was to evaluate the frequencies of neck swellings and how efficacy FNAC is in diagnosing neck masses by correlating the gold standard histopathological examination.MethodologyA Hospital based descriptive cross sectional prospective study was conducted in 50 patients with neck swellings presenting in the surgery OPD and admitied patient for some other reasons. FNAC and histopathological examinations were done from those lesions and were compared. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rates were calculated. Data entry and analysis was performed using SPSS.ResultsA total of 50 patient were subjected to both FNAC and histopathology examination (HPE). Out of 50 cases, 25 were male and 25 were female. The age ranged from 16 to 82 years. Lymph nodes 22 (44%) was the most common case, followed by thyroid 17 (34%), salivary glands 10 (20%) and soft issue 1 (2%).Among all Tubercular lymphadenitis (18%) followed by papillary carcinoma of thyroid (14%),metastatic carcinoma of lymph node, NHL, and pleomorphic adenoma 10% each. The sensitivity of FNAC in diagnosing neck masses is 90.08%, specificity is of 98.53%, and diagnostic accuracy is of 87.64%.ConclusionFNAC is a simple, fast, inexpensive, and minimally invasive technique which can be used as the first line investigation in diagnosing neck swellings.Birat Journal of Health SciencesVol.2/No.1/Issue 2/ Jan - April 2017, page: 206-210


Building on earlier work, this paper describes a coordinated and systematic method for identifying priorities for nursing development within a field of practice. The nursing contribution in stroke care serves as a case study, the primary aim of which was to establish priorities for research and development in stroke care from a nursing perspective. The initiative was a partnership between the Royal College of Nursing and the Stroke Association, supported by the Royal College of Physicians.


With the increasing demand for thermal management for high-power electronics devices and modules, a variety of double-sided cooling (DSC) encapsulation modes have emerged. In this article, we focused on the planner packaging structure and solder bump interconnection applied in DSC power modules, thermal management, and thermomechanical reliability were compared based on finite-element method under different power losses, temperatures, and temperature cycling. Results show that planner structure with copper buffer has lower junction temperature versus solder bump interconnection and lower thermal stress of the module is generated. However, chip stress of the planner packaging is high, especially under the same temperature. The planner stretches caused by normal stress is the major factor that affects the thermal stress of chip. With underfilling, reliability of solder bump is improved due to a lower plastic strain and plastic work yet simultaneous increased thermal stress. This study should advance the package of DSC modules.


This paper studies the non-coordinative development of spreading information in government mass sports department on three levels in five under-developed coastal cities in Guang Dong by studying original materials and documents,interviewing on spot,questionnaire survey and mathematic and statistic method.The conclusion is that there exist some negative factors resulting in non-coordinative development such as booking sports newspapers and magazines,making scientific research,providing and exchanging information.At the end of the paper,it gives some suggestions about the countermeasures of spreading information in government mass sports departments in order to improve the situation.


Type of funding sources: None.

 Catheter ablation for typical right atrial flutter (AFL) provides an effective treatment associated with encouraging clinical outcome. The novel micro-electrode ablation catheter allows very high-power short-duration (vHP-SD, 90 W/4 sec) ablation and potentially offers the ability to perform a safe, effective and faster cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation.

 We evaluated feasibility and efficacy of a vHP-SD (90 W/4 sec) temperature-controlled radiofrequency (RF) CTI ablation for AFL using a novel contact force (CF) sensing ablation catheter with micro-electrodes.

 Fifteen consecutive patients (median age 75 years (interquartile range, IQR: 67, 79), 67 % male) with documented typical AFL were prospectively enrolled and underwent vHP-SD based CTI ablation (90 W/4 sec). Durability of CTI block was proven by pacing maneuvers from both sides of the ablation line.

 Complete CTI block using vHP-SD ablation was achieved in all patients (Figure 1). At median 23 (IQR 20; 39) RF applications over a median RF ablation time of 92 (IQR 78, 154) seconds were applied. It was not necessary to switch to the standard temperature-controlled mode to achieve durable CTI block. No periprocedural complications, no charring and no steam pops were observed.

 Very high-power short-duration (90 W/4 sec) CTI ablation for the treatment of typical AFL is feasible and efficient. Effective CTI block can be achieved in about 1.5 minutes of RF time.


The purpose of this study is first, to explain the perceptions of the Gayo and Pesisir tribes towards waqf management. Second, it describes the waqf management model carried out by the Gayo tribe and the Aceh Coastal tribe in their respective regions. And third, providing ideas, concepts, and ideal practices in waqf management in Aceh. The research method used is the descriptive qualitative research method. The results showed that the majority of the people of Lhokseumawe City gave land waqf for places of worship and education, while the people of Central Aceh or the Gayo tribe had a tradition of using waqf for the common good of their ancestors, namely Livestock Locations (Peruweren), Uber-Uber and Blang Paku and ulu ni wih area (upstream water area). The waqf management model carried out by the Gayo tribe and the Aceh Coastal tribe in their area is still mostly carried out for religious purposes such as; the construction of places of worship (mosques, madrasahs, and study rooms or Islamic boarding schools), and most of them are used for public cemeteries and the people of Aceh, especially Central Aceh and Lhokseumawe, are also still taboo about waqf assets outside of immovable waqf such as cash waqf. Ideal management of waqf for districts/cities in Aceh that is capable of providing economic influence can be carried out with seven precise steps, namely Compilation of the Waqf Program; Empowerment of Waqf Assets; Waqf Assets Certification; Nazir Empowerment; Financial Reports and Management Systems; Government Integration; and Nazir Integration


Although media historians have broadly chronicled the struggle for press freedom in the United States, they have done little to document the lives and contributions of pornographers. This article seeks to begin filling that void by illuminating the life, work, and First Amendment struggles of Herman Lynn Womack, a publisher who specialized in materials designed to titillate and appeal to gay men. His battles against the efforts of the U. S. Post Office to halt the circulation of his publications are chronicled, and the social and legal ramifications of his ultimate victory in a landmark 1962 ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court are examined The ruling in Manual Enterprises Inc. v. J. Edward Day expanded the limits of First Amendment protection and began erasing the social stigma imposed on homosexuality.


Shoot organogenesis, one of the in vitro plant regeneration processes that occur during in vitro micropropagation, is used in the study of plant development. Morphological, physiological, and molecular aspects of in vitro shoot organogenesis have been extensively studied for over 50 years. Because of the research progress in plant genetics and molecular biology, our understanding of in planta and in vitro shoot meristem development, the cell cycle and cytokinin signal transduction has advanced significantly. These research advances provide useful information as well as molecular tools to study further the genetic and molecular aspects of shoot organogenesis. A number of key molecular markers, genes, and pathways have been shown to play a critical role in the process of in vitro shoot organogenesis. Furthermore, these studies reveal that in vitro shoot organogenesis, as with in planta shoot development, is a complex, well-coordinated developmental process, given that the induction of a single molecular event is likely to be insufficient to induce the entire process. Continued study is required to identify additional molecular events that trigger dedifferentiation and act as developmental switches for de novo shoot development. *This article is dedicated to the memory of Shibo Zhang, who continues to inspire our interests in this topic.


We studied the emotional reactions of 41 women in late pregnancy shortly after they had been informed of the diagnosis of 'severe or lethal fetal malformations' and 3 months after delivery. In addition, situational variables were explored as determinants of grieving. While grief did not diminish during the study period, psychological instability was less pronounced at 3 months after delivery. More grief reactions were evoked by self‐reported easily versus self‐reported not easily initiated pregnancy, gestational age between 24 and 34 weeks versus beyond 34 weeks, multiparity versus primiparity, and viewing versus not viewing the baby.