This paper describes design and simulator evaluation of a holistic onboard surveillance system approach to runway incursion avoidance. Its key features are improved situational awareness and pro-active conflict detection with respect to ownship position, the location of relevant other traffic, potential operational restrictions and clearances assigned by ATC. The number of additional alerts is kept at a minimum.


Cereals to mice and subsequentlyinfecting the mice by the same route with Hremophilus pertussis. Using this method, she found no differencein immunizing power in vaccineswhich .differed, amongst other things, in respect to turbidity, nitrogen content and preservativeused! In view of the important rOle that non-specific local immunity plays in intranasal immunization in mice, it would appear safer to use a method of assay(2) in which the factor of local immunity plays no part. The nature of the preservative and the temperatureof storage,among other things, have been shownby this methodto affect the antigenicefficiency of a vaccine. Using the intranasal route for immunizing mice we, like Dow.:" were unable to detect such a .difference. The possibility of successfullyapplying to humanbeings intranasal immunization against pertussis naturally presentsitself. The nasalroute hasalreadybeenusedwith some success for immunization against diphtheria and tetanus. This introduction of toxoid, however, is not without danger of immediate allergic symptoms and chronic .nasal rhinitis.('.) The introductionof pertussisantigeninto the nose would not appearto presentsuchdangers,but they must be borne in mind. Dow,(I) who has tried it in a few cases,states that the methodis easyand gives rise to no reaction. The -eomparattvelyhigh grade of immunity produced in mice suggests the possibility of an enhanced immunity in children. Further, as the method is not likely to be followed by severereactions,one of the objectionsto mass immunization in Australia?" might be overcome.


Objective To study the effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on processes regrowth of purified rat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in vitro.Methods SD rat (1~3 days after birth) retinas were dissected and dissociated.RGCs were purified by grit and cultured in 96-wells plates.CNTF was added to culture medium in different concentrations(10 μg·L-1,20 μg·L-1,30 μg·L-1,40 μg·L-1),and RGCs cultured without CNTF were treated as control.The cells were identified by morphologic criteria and immunocytochemical staining.Cell growth pattern was observed.The numbers of RGCs and cells with processes in every random microscopic fields were determined (400 magnification using fluorescence microscopy and phase-contrast microscopy).Results Purified RGCs could survive up to 30 days in DMEM medium with 20% fetal bovine serum.Between 3rd day and 5th day when CNTF was added,the process rate of RGCs cultured with 40 μg·L-1 CNTF was significantly higher than control (P0.05).Between 7th day and 15th day,the process rates of RGCs cultured with 20 μg·L-1,30 μg·L-1,40 μg·L-1 CNTF were significantly higher than control(P0.05),and the process rates of RGCs cultured with 30 μg·L-1,40 μg·L-1 CNTF were significantly higher than RGCs cultured with 10 μg·L-1,20 μg·L-1 CNTF(P0.05).Conclusion CNTF can significantly enhance processes regrowth of purified rat RGCs in vitro,and a dose-dependent relationship has been determined.In the definite concentration domain,higher concentration of CNTF can enhance processes regrowth earlier.


This paper treats of ipecacuanha as a whole. Some of the later therapeutical experiments have been made with emetia, " pure" and "impure," which is certainly an active agent; but in whatever form administered it is usually, and often violently, emetic, and in excessive or repeated doses it is certainly danger ous. I have had no experience with it, but I greatly question whether the chemical mutilation to which the vegetable is sub jected by its extraction does not radically destroy some essential quality. Although analysis seems to leave no room for any other active principle, it might be worth while to institute a series of careful experiments with the residuum after emetia is removed, f I therefore regard ipecacuanha as a peculiar but direct nervous atimulant, acting chiefly and probably entirely through the medium ot the sympathetic system.^


Based on VOF and mixed finite element methods, numerical simulation systems of interfacial instability of polymer multiphase processing were established. The results of simulation showed a good agreement with the experimental and theoretical results of literatures. By means of simulation, the onset, development and evolution of interfacial instabilities were studied, the effects of flow rate and rheological properties of polymer melt on interfacial instabilities were investigated respectively. It was found that the asymmetrical and transient secondary flow was the direct cause of interfacial instabilities. And the initiation factors of the secondary flow were analyzed. Then the mechanism of interfacial instabilities was disclosed, and several useful instruction principles for engineering practices were proposed.


Soils are commonly unsaturated in the near surface. The stiffness of soils is affected by the amount of air and water. The objective of this study is to evaluate the porosity of the unsaturated soils by using the elastic waves including compressional and shear waves. The elastic waves are measured at different degrees of saturation by controlling the matric suction. Thus, the unsaturated soils are characterized at different levels of the matric suction. Shear and compressional waves are measured by using the bender elements and the piezo disk elements, respectively. Both transducers are installed on the walls of the rectangular cell. The unsaturated soils are prepared by using uniform size sands and silts. Test results show that both compressional and shear wave velocities change according to the matric suction. The elastic modulus, the shear modulus, and the Poisson`s ratio are estimated based on the measured elastic wave velocities. In addition, the void ratio of the unsaturated soils estimated using elastic wave velocities matches well with the volume based void ratio. This study demonstrates that the elastic waves can be effectively used for the characterization of unsaturated soils.


Perfusion Myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) studies are frequently performed serially to monitor progression of coronary artery disease. MPS also plays an important role in evaluating therapies for coronary artery disease (1). Sensitive methods for detection and estimation of changes in myocardial perfusion over time could improve confidence in using MPS for these applications (2–5). The use of the most reproducible and accurate analysis would be especially important in clinical trials of new therapies, since it could enhance the reliability of the results and reduce the sample size required to prove the effectiveness of therapy (6). Although the inherent variability of serial MPS imaging cannot be eliminated, finding the optimal quantification method will help in reducing the overall test variability. Current MPS quantification methods typically characterize hypoperfusion in terms of stress and rest defect extent and severity or automatically derived segmental scores (7–9). The perfusion parameters are obtained by statistical comparisons of polar-map pixels derived from a scan of a given patient to the normal limits derived from scans of many subjects. These quantitative MPS tools have been developed and evaluated for the assessment of perfusion defects in a single nuclear study, which may include stress and rest scans (10), but have not been explicitly validated for comparisons of serial studies. For example, a true improvement of a perfusion deficit in a given region coupled with deterioration in another area will not be detected accurately by these standard techniques. When such techniques are applied to estimate changes in perfusion over time, 2 independent statistical comparisons are made to the normal limits. However, the intrasubject variability of scans obtained from the same patient is likely smaller than the intersubject variability in the normal database, which includes data of patients of various shapes and sizes. Therefore, the perfusion changes obtained in this manner may be underestimated. Furthermore, existing tools require independent detection of myocardial contours and transformation to standard reference coordinates for each study. Inconsistencies in the contour definition or in the alignment with polar-map coordinates may result in apparent false-positive changes in myocardial perfusion (11). Substantial variability has been observed in quantification of serial MPS when standard methods have been used (12). The limitations of traditional methods applied to analysis of changes in MPS have previously been recognized. Various attempts have been reported to improve the quantification of sequential (stress/rest) (13) or serial (14,15) changes, using direct image comparisons. A computer simulation study has demonstrated that current techniques are inadequate for detection of perfusion severity changes as large as 10% (15). In clinical studies, one major limitation in the development of quantification for serial changes is the absence of an accurate gold standard. In animal studies, reference standards are available. deKemp et al., for example, used microspheres to validate their direct paired-comparison method for serial quantification of perfusion by PET (14), but such validation methods are not suitable for patient studies. On pages 1981–1988 of this issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine, Itti et al. report a unique study that addressed the important question of how to accurately quantify changes in myocardial perfusion due to therapy. The authors analyzed changes in stress and rest myocardial perfusion in 49 patients who underwent delayed revascularization 3–4 wk after myocardial infarction (16). The study was prospective, with 3 angiographic and 2 MPS datasets obtained within 3–5 mo before and after revascularization. Serial perfusion changes were evaluated both visually and quantitatively by an automated method. A remarkable aspect of this study was the use of serial coronary angiography as a reference standard for the perfusion changes observed by MPS. This use allowed the investigators to definitively distinguish revascularized arteries that had reoccluded from those that had remained open. Prior clinical studies of serial MPS have simply compared revascularized and nonrevascularized patients, assuming that the intervention would improve perfusion (2). In addition, the authors applied a voxel-based method for quantification of reperfusion after the revascularization procedure. Patient images were automatically registered to 3-dimensional (3D) reference templates, which Received Jul. 9, 2004; revision accepted Jul. 15, 2004. For correspondence or reprints contact: Piotr Slomka, PhD, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Program/Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Room A047, 8700 Beverly Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048. E-mail: email@example.com


Objective: To investigate the effect of carbamazepine combined with Xueshuantong in treating cases with migrainous.Method: The 60 cases with migrainous were divided into the observe group and the control group.The control group received the carbamazepine treatment,and the observe group received the treatment of carbamazepine combined with Xueshuantong.Result: The total effective rate was 96.67% in the observe group and 70.00% in the control group,and there was significant difference between them(P0.05).The untoward reaction rate was 13.33% in the observe group and 16.67% in the control group,and there was significant difference between them(P0.05).Conclusion: The effect of carbamazepine combined with xueshuantong in treating cases with migrainous is obvious and the side-effect is few,so they are worth being used.


Resistance to conventional fungicides causes poor disease control in agriculture. Natural products from plants have great potential as novel fungicide sources for controlling pathogenic fungi. In this study the antipathogenic activity of the leaf juices of 11 plant species (Chenopodium ambrosioides, Pulicaria vulgaris, Lavandula pubescens, Lavandula dentata, Ageratum conyzoides, Ficus retusa, Zizyphus nummularia, Acacia tortilis, Phragmanthera sp. Aff. Rufescens, Lawsonia alba and Olea europaea) were evaluated in vitro against three plant pathogenic fungi (Fusarium solani, Phytophthora spp. and Rhizoctonia solani). Plate assays showed that the leaf aqueous juices have antifungal activity against these fungi. The aqueous extracts of Pulicaria vulgaris, Lavandula dentata, Ageratum conyzoides, Ficus retusa, Zizyphus nummularia, Acacia tortilis, Phragmanthera sp. Aff. Rufescens (when associated with Acacia tortilis), Lawsonia alba and Olea europaea exhibited antifungal properties against Fusarium solani, Phytophthora spp. and Rhizoctonia solani with variable degrees. On the other hand, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Lavandula pubescens and Phragmanthera sp. Aff. Rufescens (when associated with Zizyphus nummularia) did not exhibit any fungitoxicity. All these observations suggest the possible exploitation of Chenopodium oil as a potential botanical fungitoxicant in ecofriendly control of post-harvest biodeterioration of food commodities from storage fungi.


Increasingly, collaborations between scientists and artists in interdisciplinary projects are pushing the boundaries of the role of art beyond its traditional function as a creative tool to extend and explore issues of ethics and aesthetics. Within the current political climate, it is timely to look how artists can address human rights issues in contemporary art practice as advocates of global human rights issues, to influence public opinion through their practice. This paper examines the use of the artefact as an agency, as a tool for the dissemination of knowledge, and as a subversive tool in visual arts practice. It demonstrates how the visual outcome of studio-based doctoral research is able to use conceptual problem solving in relation to personal, social and cultural issues and to use the experiential knowledge base for creative practice. By forming effective collaborations, the artist can act as an agent for change that makes a meaningful contribution to community, using the creative product through its visual imagery as an interventionist strategy.


In view of problem of low efficiency existed in traditional indirect vector control system of induction motor based on rotor flux linkage orientation under light load,the paper proposed a design scheme of introducing fuzzy energy-saving control method based on on-line searching into traditional control system of induction motor.The scheme uses indirect vector control method based on rotor flux linkage orientation in transient operation of motor,and uses fuzzy energy-saving control method based on on-line searching in stable operation of motor,which taking DC input power as control variable to make fuzzy optimization control,so as to make motor operate at maximum efficiency.The simulation result proved correctness and effectiveness of the scheme.


Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation(NPPV) application in patiens with stable severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods According to chronologicaol order,collected the clinical data of 9 patients with COPD final diagnosed and analysed retrospectively.Followed-up for 3 years,4 cases were treated with NPPV plus long-term oxygen therapy(LTOT),5 cases by simple LTOT.Collected pulmonary function,arterial blood gas analysis data and analyzed.Results Effects of treatment group showed difference in blood gas,dyspnoea,sleep efficiency and health-related quality of life compared with LTOT group.Times of hospitalization descent was apparent.After this period dyspnoea decreased and health-related quality of life improved in the NPPV compared to the LTOT.Conclusion Long term therapeutic effect of NPPV application in patiens with stable severe COPD,quality of life improve significantly.


Automated removal and extraction (isolation) of percussive sounds embedded in an audio signal is useful for a variety of applications such as speech enhancement and for music processing effects. A novel method is presented to accomplish both extraction and removal of beats, using an adaptive filter based on the LMS algorithm. Empirical evaluation is undertaken using computer generated music with a mix of natural voice and repeating drum, and shows that the efficacy of the system is robust to different sound processing techniques such as non-linear distortion and tempo jitter.


Economic performance of Yogyakarta Province in the fourth quarter of 2004 (QIV- 2004) tended to decrease slightly, as reflected by negative growth of Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP) of -6.92%, in line with the initial forecast. The negative growth of the regional economy was mainly attributable to the developments of three economic sectors during QIV-2004, these are (i) Agriculture sector, (ii) Finance, Ownership, and Business Service sector, (iii) Services sector. Based on GDRP negative growth of Yogyakarta Province in the past three quarters, it is predictable that the economy in the year 2004 could be able to grow at estimated rate 4,88%, which is higher than previous year economic growth. On the other hand, overall inflationary pressure in Yogyakarta City rose, indicated by quarterly inflation of Consumer Price Index (CPI) of QIV-2004 was 2.66% (quarter to quarter) and cumulative CPI inflation through December 2004 was 6.95% (year to date), higher than National CPI inflation (6.40%). The inflationary pressure particularly during QIV-2004 was driven by increased domestic demand due to a seasonal factor of religious events i.e. Idul Fitri, Christmas Eve and New Year Eve. Meanwhile, in general banking performance consisting of commercial & rural banks during QIV-2004 was relatively stable, despite of slightly decreased banks' asset and deposits as of November 2004 which is recorded 1.00% and 1.35% respectively. In contrast, total credits grew from Rp4,699 billions (Sept'04) to Rp5,013 billions (Nov'04) as well as Non Performing Loans Ratio somewhat declined from 2.50% to 2.45.%. Keywords : economic growth, CPI inflation and banking performance.


The use of isogeometric analysis (IGA) in industrial applications has increased in the past years. One of the main advantages is the combination of finite element analysis (FEA) with the capability of representing the exact geometry by means of non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS). This framework has proven to be an efficient alternative to standard FEA in solid mechanics and fluid dynamics, in cases in which sensitivity to geometry is found. The numerical simulation of rolling tires requires a proper discretization for the curved boundaries and complex cross sections, which often leads to the use of higher-order or cylindrical elements. As remeshing operations are numerically costly in tire models, IGA stands as an attractive alternative for the modeling of rolling tires.
 In this contribution, an arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation is implemented into IGA to provide the basic tools for the numerical analysis of rolling bodies at steady-state conditions. The solid basis of the formulation allows the employment of standard material models, but tire constructive elements, such as reinforcing layers, require special attention. Streamlines are constructed based on the locations of the integration points, and therefore, linear and nonlinear viscoelastic models can be implemented. Numerical examples highlight the advantage of the new approach of requiring fewer degrees of freedom for an accurate description of the geometry.


Abstract In this paper we prove the sharp inequality $$\left| P_{n}^{\left( s \right)}\left( x \right) \right|\le P_{n}^{\left( s \right)}\left( 1 \right)\left( {{\left| x \right|}^{n}}+\frac{n-1}{2s+1}\left( 1-{{\left| x \right|}^{n}} \right) \right)$$ where $P_{n}^{\left( s \right)}\left( x \right)$ is the classical ultraspherical polynomial of degree $n$ and order $s\ge n\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{4}$ . This inequality can be refined in $\left[ 0,z_{n}^{s} \right]$ and $\left[ z_{n}^{s},1 \right]$ , where $z_{n}^{s}$ denotes the largest zero of $P_{n}^{\left( s \right)}\left( x \right)$ .


Sant'Ana F.J.F., Lemos R.A.A., Nogueira A.P.A., Togni M., Tessele B. & Barros C.S.L. 2009. [Polioencephalomalacia in ruminants.] Polioencefalomalacia em ruminantes. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(9):681-694. Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: email@example.com Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) of ruminants is a complex disease. The term indicates a morphological diagnosis where severe neuronal necrosis results in softening of cerebral grey matter. Initially though as a single disease caused by thiamine deficiency, PEM is currently believe to have several causes and different pathogenic mechanisms or a single pathogenic organism triggered by different agents are responsible for the disease. In this paper the possible causes and pathogenesis of PEM in ruminants are critically reviewed and discussed. Also are reviewed the epidemiology, clinical signs, gross and histological findings, methods of diagnosis, treatment and control.


The ultimate goal about Residing policy on aging is that we help every older people spend their remaining years in peace and comfortable, and received the residence service But Residing policy on aging in Korea is very low level to meet this goal. so the urgent question we need is a complement about this policy. In order to solve this problem, we suggest some tips. First, It is required to change the recognition of the people about Residing policy on aging. I we need public relations and a change of recognition that can take off a bad impression. Secondly, we need legal systematization and effectiveness for Residing policy on aging. Thirdly, It is necessary point of time that we need political consideration you can use facilities with a small amount of money with various tax privileges and wide finance supports about Residing policy on aging.


We performed high resolution global MHD simulations of THEMIS dayside crossings events in May -June 2007. We found that magnetopause surface is not in steady-state even during extended periods of steady solar wind conditions. The so-called tilted reconnection lines become unstable due to formation of pressure bubbles, strong core field flux tubes, vortices, and traveling magnetic field cavities. The topology of FTEs differ from that in two dimension cartoons representing obliquely oriented quasi-2D flux rope. The structure of FTE is changing at spatial scales of 1 -2 Re. Closely located space probes can observe completely different signatures. Branches of bent flux rope can move in opposite directions. THEMIS and Cluster observations are consistent with signatures predicted by simulations.


Among all perovskites, Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites are gained increased attentions for LED applications due to their tunable band gap, enhanced stability, and excellent charge transfer. Over the years, the external...


Objective To provide sectional anatomic data for the coronal imaging diagnosis and surgical treatment of the diseases of the liver.Methods The course,distribution of left,middle,and right hepatic veins and their important tributaries as well as the relationship with the hepatic portal veins were investigated using serial coronal sections of the trunk of 30 adult cadavers,coronal MR images of abdomen of 10 adult healthy volunteers and three-dimensional MSCT image of intrahepatic ducts of 5 healthy adults.Results The draining form of left hepatic vein can be divided into 4 types according to the external shape character of left lateral lobe.All veins of the ventral area of segment Ⅷ opened into the middle hepatic vein.All veins of the dorsal area of segment Ⅷ joined the right hepatic vein.However,the veins(V8i) situated between the ventral and dorsal areas of segment Ⅷ can be divided into 3 types on the draining form.Right hepatic vein usually appears on the section through or behind the inferior vena cava with 4 types on the coronal plane.Conclusions Coronal section has obvious advantage to show the course of hepatic veins in the longitudinal direction.Segment Ⅷ can be divided into dorsal and ventral subsegments according to V8i,This method of subsegmental division may contribute to the development of new and safer surgical procedures of the liver.


Modular outfitting plays an important role in shipbuilding to improve its effectivenss, save man-hours, and operate more competitively. However, it is not known how modular outfitting benefits a ship's crew in terms of convenience factors. This paper, through fuzzy logic, attempts to formulate a new method to investigate engine room working conditions on a modular ship.


Crises challenge client XVA management when continuous collateralization is not possible because a derivative locks in the client credit level and the provider's funding level, on the trade date, for the life of the trade. We price XVA reduction strategies from the client point of view comparing multiple trade strategies using Mandatory Breaks or Restructuring, to modifications of a single trade using a Reset. We analyse previous crises and recovery of CDS to inform our numerical examples. In our numerical examples Resets can be twice as effective as Mandatory Break/Restructuring if there is no credit recovery. When recovery is at least 1/3 of the credit shock then Mandatory Break/Restructuring can be more effective.


In his editorial King ( [2003][1]) gave an excellent overview of the post-concussion syndrome, an area of neuropsychology and psychiatry that is fraught with difficulty and controversy. King pointed out that both biological and psychological factors are at play in post-concussion syndrome. Of great


The limitations imposed upon the usual elastic and viscoelastic constants are reinvestigated. Defining viscoelastic properties of a higher order, it is found that methods which have been used for the first‐order quantities are insufficient to determine relationships between the higher‐order constants. Necessary but non‐sufficient criteria are arrived at by means of arguments involving energies in dissipative processes.


PURPOSE: To determine the most important diagnostic criteria to distinguish the preperimetric glaucoma from the perimetric stage using complex analysis of structural, functional and ocular blood flow parameters. METHODS: 90 eyes, including 30 eyes with preperimetric glaucoma, 30 eyes with perimetric glaucoma and 30 normal eyes, were analyzed. The average thickness of the GCC, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (avg. RNFLT) and choroidal thickness were measured using RTVue spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Perimetry - using Humphrey test («Carl Zeiss Meditec», Dublin, CA). Ocular blood flow velocity was measured by the color Doppler mapping («VOLUSON 730 ProSystem»). Intraocular pressure (lOPcc) and corneal hysteresis (CH) were determined using «Ocular Response Analyzer» (ORA). Standardized statistics (Z-value) of Wilcoxon - MannWhitney rank sum test and the area (S-ROC) under the receiver operating characteristic curve for logistic regression model was used to determine the most important diagnostic criteria in glaucoma. RESULTS: The difference between perimetric and preperimetric glaucoma could be characterized by 5 important diagnostic criteria: avg. RNFLT (S-ROC 0.93; z-value 5.75), PSD (0.91; -5.52), peripapillar choroidal thickness (0.7; 2.69), the end diastolic blood flow velocity in the medial posterior ciliary arteries (0.7; 2.55) and corneal hysteresis (0.68; 2.41). CONCLUSIONS: Five clinical parameters have been determined as the most important to distinguish the preperimetric glaucoma from the perimetric stage: avg. RNFLT, PSD, peripapillar choroidal thickness, the end diastolic blood flow velocity in the medial posterior ciliary arteries and corneal hysteresis. This data should be considered in glaucoma monitoring.


The article is devoted to the analysis of modern trends in the formation of scientific and methodological foundations for determining the prescription of a document in the context of the development of forensic expertology and forensic documentation in Ukraine and other countries. A scientific and methodological approach to the formation of a methodology for establishing the prescription of a document is proposed, based on the developments of a comprehensive study of the details of documents using special knowledge, analytical and special methods of forensic examination of documents, handwriting and linguistics.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of modern trends in the formation of scientific and methodological foundations for determining the prescription of a document in the context of the development of forensic expertology and forensic documentation science in Ukraine and other countries are analyzed.
The formation of scientific and methodological approaches to the study of documents in order to determine the prescription of their production on the basis of scientific, theoretical and practical experience of research and forensic institutions in Ukraine and foreign countries is characterized. The state of development of scientific and methodological foundations for the study of documents is analyzed in order to determine the prescription of their production. The general provisions of the methodology for forensic technical examination of documents are formed in order to determine the prescription of their production.
The reliability of the obtained results and conclusions is ensured by the use of a complex of general scientific and special research methods. In particular, with the help of the dialectical method as a general method of cognition of the issue, the topics are considered in dynamics, and their relationship and interdependence are revealed, thanks to the use of methods of system analysis, formal logic, abstraction and analogy, generalization and classification in the context of the formation of scientific and methodological foundations for determining the prescription of a document, the main trends in the formation of methodological foundations for expanding the possibilities of forensic examination of documents in order to determine the prescription of their products are characterized.
Based on the possibilities of using various special knowledge and analytical and special methods of forensic examination of documents, an algorithm for the actions of a forensic expert is proposed in order to determine the prescription of their production.
Taking into account the solid scientific and methodological heritage of the possibilities of combining methods and techniques for solving the problems of forensic handwriting examination and technical examination of documents and streamlining the research processes, a general methodology for conducting a forensic examination in order to establish the prescription of a document is proposed.


Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme activities in muscle was significantly related with burst swimming speed and endurance swimming capacity in a variety of fish. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with LDH were analyzed based on F1 family crossed by Hebao and Heilongjiang carp. A total of seven QTLs (qLDH1, qLDH6, qLDH7, qLDH21 qLDH22, qLDH45a and qLDH45b) were detected on six linkage groups (LG1, LG6, LG7, LG21, LG22, LG45), and the explained variances of LDH activity by these QTLs was more than 36%. Confidence intervals ranged from 2.0 to 10 cM in the present study. To increase the intensity of QTL mapping, four new microsatellite markers (CAFS02457, CAFS02458, CAFS02460, and CAFS02461) were developed from common carp genomic fragments. Intensity of candidate QTL intervals was increased (by > 5 cM) in four of the seven QTLs. The pvalue of qLDH7 was 0.0007 analyzed by an ANOVA and explained 42.0% of the variance suggesting this QTL maybe a major QTL.


We introduced the noise reduction technique in Eulerian video motion magnification based on wavelet domain filters.The goal of this paper is to reduce noise in subtle video motion Magnification and amplify temporal variations to reveal imperceptible changes which are difficult to see with naked eye. The input to this method is a standard video sequence, then spatial decomposition is applied followed by temporal filtering to the frames which is called "Eulerian Video Magnification". The obtained signal is magnified to disclose hidden information. In the proposed method the amplified temporal variations are de-noised with combined spatial filter in wavelet domain and temporal filter to give noise free results in videos. We exhibit the advantages of this approach on natural and synthetic video sequences, and explore applications in visualization, video enhancement and scientific analysis.


High-resolution near-infrared echelle spectrographs require coarse rulings in order to match the free spectral range to the detector size. Standard near-IR detector arrays typically are 2 K x 2 K or 4 K x 4 K. Detectors of this size combined with resolutions in the range 30000 to 100000 require grating groove spacings in the range 5 to 20 lines/mm. Moderately high blaze angles are desirable to reduce instrument size. Echelle gratings with these characteristics have potential wide application in both ambient temperature and cryogenic astronomical echelle spectrographs. We discuss optical designs for spectrographs employing immersed and reflective echelle gratings. The optical designs set constraints on grating characteristics. We report on market choices for obtaining these gratings and review our experiments with custom diamond turned rulings.


Reinforced concrete members sometimes experience brittle failures, characterized by a sudden decrease in load capacity. Such brittle failures include shear failure and flexural crushing failure without yielding of flexural reinforcement. Usually, it is very difficult to obtain analytical predictions of the brittle failures and to verify the failure mechanism. The objective of this paper is to investigate nonlinear numerical methods for predicting complete member behavior at target displacements including brittle failure, and to investigate the propagation of cracking and crushing related to the brittle failure. In particular, the validity of an arc-length method and a displacement-control method will be investigated, using existing monotonic and cyclic cracked concrete models proposed by the writers.


Presently,our country agriculture entered the recent development phase,the agricultural product quantity question has basically solved,the adjustment agriculture structure,enhances the agricultural benefit,increases the farmer to receive and the improvement ecological environment has become the new stage agriculture and the rural economy development important task.Party's 15 session of Fifth Plenary Session pointed out that,"must consolidate and strengthen agricultural the foundation status,guarantees the national grain security,positively adjusts the agricultural structure,realizes the farmer income to continue to grow".Therefore,elaborated our country agriculture equipment technology importance,the development present situation and the development tendency,had pointed out the 21st century need prioritize certain domains.


Objective p66Shc, a 66 kDa protein isoform encoded by the proto-oncogene SHC, is an essential intracellular redox homeostasis regulatory enzyme that is involved in the regulation of cellular oxidative stress, apoptosis induction and the occurrence of multiple age-related diseases. This study investigated the expression profile and functional characteristics of p66Shc during preimplantation embryo development in sheep. Methods The expression pattern of p66Shc during preimplantation embryo development in sheep at the mRNA and protein levels were studied by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining. The effect of p66Shc knockdown on the developmental potential were evaluated by cleavage rate, morula rate and blastocyst rate. The effect of p66Shc deficiency on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA oxidative damage and the expression of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., catalase and manganese superoxide dismutase [MnSOD]) were also investigated by immunofluorescence staining. Results Our results showed that p66Shc mRNA and protein were expressed in all stages of sheep early embryos and that p66Shc mRNA was significantly downregulated in the 4- to 8-cell stage (p<0.05) and significantly upregulated in the morula and blastocyst stages after embryonic genome activation (EGA) (p<0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the p66Shc protein was mainly located in the peripheral region of the blastomere cytoplasm at different stages of preimplantation embryonic development. Notably, serine (Ser36)-phosphorylated p66Shc localized only in the cytoplasm during the 2- to 8-cell stage prior to EGA, while phosphorylated (Ser36) p66Shc localized not only in the cytoplasm but also predominantly in the nucleus after EGA. RNAi-mediated silencing of p66Shc via microinjection of p66Shc siRNA into sheep zygotes resulted in significant decreases in p66Shc mRNA and protein levels (p<0.05). Knockdown of p66Shc resulted in significant declines in the levels of intracellular ROS (p<0.05) and the DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (p<0.05), markedly increased MnSOD levels (p<0.05) and resulted in a tendency to develop to the morula stage. Conclusion These results indicate that p66Shc is involved in the metabolic regulation of ROS production and DNA oxidative damage during sheep early embryonic development.


In this paper, a high fidelity, easy-to-implement photovoltaic (PV) module emulator is presented. The proposed emulator can replicate the electrical behavior of a sunlight illuminated PV module in an indoor environment. The construction of this emulator requires only a PV module and basic laboratory equipment, while still providing dynamic performance that closely matches that of an illuminated PV module in an outdoor environment. The output I-V characteristics of the PV module under real sunlight and that of the proposed emulator were experimentally obtained and compared, such that the functionality of the proposed emulator was verified. An in-depth analysis of the PV module output small-signal impedance is also presented to illustrate the dynamic performance of this emulator.


The Diptera, or true flies (mosquitoes, gnats, and house flies) comprise 12-15% of animal species, and are the most ecologically diverse order of insects, spanning ecological roles from detritivory to vertebrate blood feeding and leaf mining.  The earliest known fossil Diptera are from the early Triassic 240 mya, and the order probably arose in the late Permian.  The earliest brachyceran fossils are found in the late Triassic and earliest Jurassic, but the diversification of the extremely diverse Calyptrata (ca. 30% of described species) began in the late Creataceous.  The monophyly of the order is supported by numerous morphological and biological characters and molecular data sets. The major lineages within the order are well established, and we summarize major recent phylogenetic analyses in a supertree for the Diptera.  Most studies concur that the traditional subordinal group Nematocera is paraphyletic, but relationships between the major lineages of these flies are not recovered consistently.  There is particular instability around the placement of the tipulids and their relatives and the families of the Psychodomorpha as traditionally defined.  The other major suborder, Brachycera, is clearly monophyletic, and the relationships between major brachyceran lineages have become clearer in recent decades.  The Eremoneura, Cyclorrhapha, Schizophora and Calyptrata are monophyletic, however the "Orthorrhapha" and "Aschiza" are paraphyletic, and it is likely that the "Acalyptrata" are also.  Ongoing phylogenetic analyses that span the diversity of the order shall establish a robust phylogeny of the group with increased quantitative rigor.  This will enable a more precise understanding of the evolution of the morphology, biogeography, biology, and physiology of flies.


Academic criminal lawyers enjoy discussing the reform of English homicide law so much it almost seems wrong to suggest that Parliament should deprive them of the pleasure. The current volume originates in papers presented at the Oxford "Rethinking Homicide" conference and aims to reawaken interest in legislative reform. Perhaps we should be careful what we wish for. But certainly one could not wish for a more considered set of essays on the subject than this. Fusing empirical and theoretical reflections on murder, voluntary manslaughter, involuntary manslaughter and sentencing, the book matches its description whilst the inclusion of comparative material in each chapter successfully highlights the peculiar dilemmas of English homicide law and its possible futures.


There are several reasons why the dynamic interaction between FDI and inflation must be studied. First, Foreign Direct Investment is found as one of the important determinants of the process of economic growth and development of Sri Lanka. Therefore, the literature empirically examining the causal relationship between the inflation and FDI is significant because the rate of high inflation affects the inflows of FDI inflows into the economy of Sri Lanka and slows down the process of economic growth and development. The main objective of this study is to examine the linkages between FDI and inflation in Sri Lanka for the time periods from year 1978 to year 2017. The dependent variable of the model used in this study is Inflation and the independent variable of the model is FDI (Foreign Direct Investment). The data used in the model are the annual time series collected from Annual Report of Central Bank of Sri Lanka. The tools to analyze the data are graphical representation, Johansen Co-integration test, simple regression model, Residual Analysis, Stability Test, and Granger Causality Test. A long run relationship is found between the variables. The dependent variable: INF – Inflation is inversely related with the independent variable: FDI – Foreign Direct Investment. One-way causal relationship from FDI to INF is ensured. The forecast sample is ranged from 2009 to 2017. The simple regression model affirms the significant impacts of the FDI – Foreign Direct Investment on the INF – Inflation. The forecasting model derived from the simple regression model is rather incompatible to forecast the value of dependent variable (Inflation).


Attention has turned recently to a greater consideration of potential envi ronmental adverse health effects in consumers and the nature of the indoor environment. A major factor has been the attempt to conserve energy by "tightening" buildings, thus increasing concentrations of pollutants in doors. Several noteworthy indoor pollutants have caused public health concern in the last few years. Urea-formaldehyde foam insulation has been recently banned by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC); there is a national program to reduce exposure to asbestos in schoolrooms and other public buildings; Freon® propellants have been removed from pressurized aerosol sprays (which appear to reduce the ozone layer above the earth); the latest Surgeon General Report on Smoking and Health (44) expressed concern about passive smoking and cancer. Furthermore, the recent energy crisis has led to many adverse developments for the indoor environment, such as the use of wood burning stoves and furnaces, which appear to emit many combustion-product pollutants. The concern with the indoor pollutants is appreciable because most individuals spend 75 to 90% of their time indoors, in residences or public buildings (62). In this paper, I attempt to analyze the sources, concentrations, health risks, and public health concerns associated with indoor pollutants.


The study by Jama Network reveals that around 10% of the world is suffering from Migraine, which is a grievous disease of the brain and causes severe disability to the health of an individual. The pain in the head is so intense that the sufferers are unable to carry out their routine tasks once the migraine triggers. Therefore, it is considered the seventh most disease which can cause severe disability. Therefore, it is not only crucial to detect it at an early stage but also to identify the type of migraine for the sufferers to be treated timely. Machine learning has various applications related to the medical domain which supports the early prediction of disease. In this paper, five supervised machine learning methods have been used to classify the disease based on the symptoms of the subjects. The best-suited algorithm is found for the classification task and the implementation of the algorithms is completed using the Weka data mining tool. The results show that the best-suited algorithm out of the chosen popular models for the classification task is the simplistic model Naive Bayes.


Free‐living amoebae (FLA) in aqueous systems are a problem for water network managers and health authorities because some are pathogenic, such as Naegleria fowleri, and they have also been reported to operate as reservoirs and vectors of several pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, to better control the occurrence of such amoebae, we evaluate the efficacy of monochloramine against planktonic forms (trophozoites and cysts) and also biofilm‐associated cells of N. fowleri as FLA are often associated with biofilms.


Background : To reduce the risk of Mendelson''s syndrome, it is customary to fast patients for 8 hours before anesthesia. However preoperative fast is unpleasant for patients, who complain frequently of thirst and dry mouth, and this conventional fast may be over-cautious. We have studied the effect of ingestion of barley tea, a Korean popular beverage, 3 hours before anesthesia on gastric contents (volume and pH), blood sugar level, thirst, and anxiety.
 Methods : We studied prospectively 284 adult patients undergoing elective surgery. The patients in the control group (n=142) fasted for at least 8 hours, and those in the experimental group (n=142) received 250 ml of barley tea 3 hours before anesthesia. On arrival in the operating room, subjects were asked to assess thirst and anxiety. After induction of anesthesia, gastric contents were aspirated via 18 French Salem sump tube and gastric volume, pH and blood sugar level were measured.
 Results : There were no statistically significant differences in gastric fluid volume and pH and blood sugar level between control and experimental groups. However, patients in experimental group complained of less thirst than those in control group.
 Conclusions : This study demonstrates that in adult patients undergoing elective surgery, allowing patients to drink 250 ml of barley tea until 3 hours before anesthesia may relieve patients from thirst without compromising safety. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 36: 377∼386)


Technique of the trapping cotton bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera Hubner)with poplar branch bundles is one of prediction and control strategies of cotton bollworm,which application effect on the 3rd and 4th generation is better than that of sex pheromone attractants.This paper presents the making and application of poplar branch bundles and its effect,and introduces difference of sex and different generations of the trapped cotton bollworm,time specificity of the trapping cotton bollworm with poplar branch bundles,and volatilizing odor components extracted from the branch and leaves of poplar,and testing the odor components in the lab and field.Study on technique of the trapping cotton bollworm with poplar branch bundles and its mechanism is reviewed,then its developmental prospect in insect pest control is presented.


The geometric model of isothermal blow molding process was established.Based on the material of shear-rate dependence of viscosity model,the task was established by the simulation software Polyflow.The computer simulation was implemented with the reset grid technology.The thickness change of parison,contacting time of parison and mold in the blow,and the effect of blowing pressure on inflation time and wall thickness were obtained.The purpose was to provide reference for wall thickness control of blow molding process.


Starting from the perspective of patients with ventilator ventilator in case of mains failure,the breathing machine in an instant should immediately restore power supply,otherwise there is danger to the patient.Ventilator power switch is designed to solve this problem,this change-over switch by comparing the time delay locks,delay-driven control of the ventilator power switch,providing a normal DC power to the ventilator to ensure uninterrupted ventilator to supply.


Uterine leiomyoma is common among black women of reproductive age in Africa and is associated with infertility. Its definitive means of treatment is myomectomy which can be approached by laparoscopy or laparotomy. There is a need to know if any of these two modes of treatment affects the chances of achieving pregnancy or its outcome in women with background infertility. Objective: To assess the proportion of women who achieved pregnancy after laparoscopic and laparotomic myomectomy with background infertility, their pregnancy outcome and a comparison of the two groups. Materials and Method: The study retrospectively reviewed 36 out of 188 women that had either laparoscopic (n=86) or laparotomic myomectomy (n=102) and achieved pregnancy over a period of 30 months. Result: There was pregnancy in 21 out of 86 women that had laparoscopy and 15 among the 102 women that had laparotomic myomectomy. This gave the pregnancy rates of 24.4% and 14.7% respectively. The pregnancy outcome was favourable and similar between the two groups with the laparoscopic group having a lower caesarean delivery rate of 76.2% compared to100% in the laparotomy group. The duration of hospital stay was significantly lower in the laparoscopy group. Conclusion: Laparoscopic or laparotomic myomectomy improves the chances of pregnancy in women with background infertility below 35 years. The laparoscopic group had a significantly lower caesarean section rate and a shorter duration of hospital stay than the laparotomic group, however, both groups had a similar and favourable pregnancy outcome.


The mycetophagous erotylid beetle, Megalodacne heros (Say), was observed to be active at night and inactive by day in its normal forest habitat by Park, Lockett and Myers ('31),. Since this species was nocturnal, relatively heavy, not given to prolonged flight, and was abundant in our neighboring forests, its activity could be measured by recording apparatus described previously (Park, '35), as well as observed in the field. Therefore a series of experiments was outlined to throw light upon the activity of this species, a part of which is reported here in condensed form. Part of the work was done with marked individuals under natural conditions and part in the laboratory under controlled, constant conditions; both phases of the program tended to check and evaluate each other.


MIMO systems are indeed a means of performing multi-packet reception, which can provide extremely high spectral efficiencies and system capacity. Based on data stream control method, a new MIMO MAC protocol is designed for Ad Hoc networks to support MPR and several to one communications. Making use of channel model, the protocol is evaluated by PHY/MAC cross-layer dynamic and static unite simulation in OPNET and MATLAB environment. The performance results show that the proposed can fully realize MPR and improve network throughput and delay.


Cold fluid was flowed through pipeline whereas hot fluid was flowed through the side from side in a side-tee pipeline formation. Experiments were carried out reading temperature of downstream flow for varied velocities. Computational fluid dynamics package was used for geometry creation, mesh generation, and defining the control volume for computations according to the experimentations for varied velocities. Results validated the model and scale up of the geometry was made whereas the diameter ratio constant was kept constant for creation of scale-up geometry. For the scale-up geometry for varied velocities, computations are performed too and heat transfer mixing position is located for both cases for various velocities. For scale-up geometry, it is plotted that downstream heat transfer mixing position is lengthily distanced. Earlier mixing is attained for lower velocities comparatively.


Abstract The supply of authoritative, up-to-date dictionaries expanded steadily during the 1980's, a trend that continues. At the same time the purchasing power of many libraries has seen a steady decline. Consequently, it becomes more urgent than ever for libraries of all types to receive the most quality and service for each dollar spent. One way to do this is to make a hands-on examination before purchasing reference materials. Frequently this is not possible and a literature review of the type of material under consideration can substitute. A search revealed that virtually no literature reviews of dictionaries exist. The current study seeks to begin filling this gap by selectively reviewing a portion of the business dictionaries in print.


This paper examines the sociolinguistic situation in the city of Surabaya, by presenting an impression of various phenomena unique to Indonesia's second largest city. A surprisingly little amount of linguistic research has heretofore been carried out on this subject, whereas it transpires from this study that enough intriguing and unique things can be found in this Southeast Asian metropolis, both among its Javanese majority as well as its Madurese and Chinese inhabitants. Due to the lack of earlier relevant publications, this research is largely based on the results of several fieldwork trips, which included the pleasant activities of watching television, interviewing people and making excursions in and around Surabaya to experience how languages are used in daily life. Additionally, concepts such as "language mixing", "slang" and "attitudes towards language" are involved and considered very significant in disentangling the role and function of language in an urban setting.


Modern distributed simulation concepts such as the US DoD High Level Architecture (HLA) support interoperability between heterogeneous simulations, thus enabling the development of flexible, re-usable simulation Federations. Based on the principles of HLA, the Dutch national collaborative project 'SIMULTAAN', has extended this concept to the simulation component level. An individual simulation, participating in a Federation, can itself be composed of various Components interacting through the same architecture and underlying infrastructure as the overall Federation. Thus, Federates participating in a Federation can be viewed as a Federation of Components. The Federation of Components is represented to the Federation of Federates by a specific Component known as Federate Manager. This 'gateway' provides protection of (restricted) Component data-traffic and also reduces wide area network bandwidth requirements. This paper discusses the SIMULTAAN Simulator Architecture (SSA) and its application in the development of a component based Flight Simulator. SSA Federates communicate via a data-exchange middle-ware layer, called the Run-time Communication Infrastructure (RCl). The RCl is currently based on the HLA Run-Time Interface (RTl), but allows the use of other standards as well. The innovative approach of the SSA is that the RCl extends the Federate interoperability concepts of HLA by providing data-exchange between SSA Components in a similar way. With this approach the RCl abstracts components from the intra-SSA Federate protocol and network hardware. © 2000 TNO-FEL. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.


Competitive situations induced hormonal changes, depending on the outcome, victory or defeat. This study aimed to investigate the salivary testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) and the mental state responses to a real judo championship. Data about individuals' anxiety levels, strategies of coping, and patterns of behavior were thus collected. The relationship between hormonal changes and psychological variables were also analyzed. Our results showed a C response to competition, which was especially characterized by an anticipatory rise. Depending on outcome, results did not show statistically significant different C responses. The T values noted after the last Eight were significantly greater in the losers than those obtained in the winners. Hormonal response did not show a relationship with psychological variables depending on the outcome. Losers showed just before the first fight an elevated cognitive anxiety, accompanied by low self-confidence. Moreover, they were characterized by type B behavior. Types of coping strategies also differentiated losers from winners. Finally, even if no relationships between hormonal and psychological variables depending on the outcome were found, our results showed that state and trait psychological variables, as well as the coping strategies, must be taken into account to better understand the response to competitive situations.


We study on spoofing interference suppressing for GPS receiver.A new approach is proposed combing generalized side-lobe canceller (GSC) and space-time adaptive faltering.It uses the method called multistage GSC (MGSC) to achieve interference sup-pressing.The realization of anti-jam receiver is proposed.The performance in numerical simulation demonstrates that the proposed meth-od is effect and has a good performance.


Introduction: West syndrome is characterized by the presence of myoclonic jerks in the form of massive, mental impairment and EEG pattern called hipsiarritmia. It has several etiologies, symptomatic, cryptogenic and idiopathic; the most frequent is the symptomatic form. When diagnosed and treated at an earlier age this type of seizures show a better prognosis for resolution. Objective: Analyze the frequency and factors associated with West syndrome. Material and methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of patients diagnosed with West syndrome in the clinical neurology at the Hospital for Children, Mother and Child Institute of the State of Mexico, from January fi rst, 2008 to December 31, 2010. We analyzed the frequency and risk factors present in patients diagnosed with West syndrome. Results: We found 17 patients with West syndrome. The neonatal pathologies encountered were perinatal asphyxia in fi ve patients (29%), hyperbilirubinemia in fi ve (29%), sepsis in two (11%), tuberous sclerosis in two (11%) and seizures in two (11%). One hundred percent of patients present with symptomatic West syndrome. It was found that when diagnostic earliest form, this type of seizure has a better response to treatment. Conclusions: Knowledge of the clinical manifestations of West syndrome allows more early diagnosis and initiate treatment, improving patient prognosis.


As China comes to an aged society,the problem of empty nest elderly is getting more serious.According to the prob-lems existing in empty nest elderly,this paper expounds the necessity of library services for empty nest elderly,and discusses the measures on the library services for empty nest elderly.


Key Points EBV LMP1 enhances MYC-mediated degradation of the p27kip1 tumor suppressor and accelerates MYC-induced lymphomagenesis. EBV LMP1 and LMP2A differentially use G1-specific cell cycle and BCR-mediated signaling to accelerate MYC-induced lymphomagenesis.


In 1993, the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL) began its symposium series on research advances in risk assessment. Our primary goal in sponsoring these symposia is to provide a forum for discussions that advance our thinking and stimulate further research on cross-cutting scientific issues related to improving risk assessments. More recently, we have expanded the scope to include a second goal: to foster better communication and integration between the areas of human health and ecology. In developing symposium agendas, we strive to move beyond simply reporting recent research findings toward exploring new approaches to risk assessment through the collective expertise of the symposium participants. By selecting topics and environmental stressors for which both human health and ecological data exist, we hope to stimulate discussions that will lead to a more integrated approach to environmental risk assessments. The Fifth NHEERL Symposium focused on Indicators in Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. We chose this topic for several reasons. On a very practical level, we need better indicators to deal with today's varied and complex environmental issues. To do this, we need a manageable set of indicators that address public health and environmental behaviors. Moreover, the application of indicators can provide important insights into emerging or subtle environmental impacts. Using indicators to establish status and trends will also help us judge the effectiveness of past, present and future environmental policy decisions. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, indicators may provide researchers, risk assessors, and risk managers a common set of tools for approaching risk issues. The biggest challenges we face in indicator development are (1) defining assessment questions that adequately reflect risk and social values, (2) selecting the most appropriate indicators, (3) fitting the indicators into an efficient monitoring program, and (4) estimating thresholds that reflect our environmental and public health values. We structured the Symposium in a series of six workshops to combine


Analyses of data from 293 eyes undergoing uncomplicated Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) show that endothelial cell loss is greater in eyes that undergo a single re-bubbling for graft separation. The study, however, does not establish a causal association.


she aims to expose and put an end to liberalism's insistence on a particular construction of human rights, her alternative of focusing on the specificities of localities, the "small", does not surface until her reading of The God of Small Things in the final chapter, leaving us wishing this concrete proposal for change were introduced much earlier in the text. The passion and commitment Anker shows in taking liberalism to task for its complicity in perpetrating the very atrocities its own human rights programmes seek to end is a vital one. However, her at-times oversimplified critical approach ultimately stands in the way of her own aim to dismantle liberalism's binaries, preventing the complete success of an otherwise provocative and promising endeavour.


The competition today is fierce in the fashion business. Several large players are fighting to attract customers and a wide range, quick deliveries and ability to effectively meet the demand is of great importance. Progress and globalization has made it easy for individuals to find information. Consumers can compare prices, ranges and other things at home at the Internet. Nowadays people do not only pick garments because of their function or quality but because they symbolize a certain interest, life style and other factors. A costumer's view of different brands is not always affected by the company but also by other phenomena. Blogs, sites like pricerunner and other interaction is examples of such things the companies cannot control. In our study we investigate young female consumers' attitudes to see what kind of buyer's behavior it leads to. Questions we work with are for example what kind of factors costumers favors when she's purchasing clothing. It's important for companies to know their target group well and to know their wishes and needs. We explore the priorities of consumers and if they are for example a reasonable price, good quality and fit or how the garments have been manufactured. We focus our study on one segment in Gina Tricots target group, young girls between 14-24 years.Our intention is to investigate, describe and analyze which important elements are included in the process between Gina Tricot and their customers to achieve a positive response? To be able to do this we choose to connect two further questions.• Which important elements does the consumers find particularly interesting?• What parts in the marketing mix does Gina Tricot focus on primarily?By collecting information and implement a market survey are we able to answer our questions. Our study shows that the two factors young female customers' favors the most is the garments quality and a reasonable price. In our chosen segment many respondents' associates Gina Tricot and their concept with expressions like "cheap", "young" and "fast fashion". A lot of the respondents think that the Company quickly responds to new trends. Gina Tricot states that their main focus is on price, quality and fit. The Company's marketing strategy is based on recognition. The black and white commercials with a smiling girl are well known. The majority of our respondents state that they have seen the Gina Tricot commercial on for instance television and in newspapers.


ABSTRACT Although flexible neural networks (FNNs) have been used more successfully than classical neural networks (CNNs) in many industrial applications, nothing is rigorously known about their properties. In fact they are not even well known to the systems and control community. In the first part of this paper, existing structures of and results on FNNs are surveyed. In the second part FNNs are examined in a theoretical framework. As a result, theoretical evidence is given for the superiority of FNNs over CNNs and further properties of the former are developed. More precisely, several fundamental properties of feedforward and recurrent FNNs are established. This includes the universal approximation capability, minimality, controllability, observability, and identifiability. In the broad sense, the results of this paper help that general use of FNNs in systems and control theory and applications be based on firm theoretical foundations. Theoretical analysis and synthesis of FNN-based systems thus become possible. The paper is concluded by a collection of topics for future work.


This paper presents a novel design for a bias-field free spin torque driven high-Q oscillator over a wide range of microwave frequencies. All the analysis presented in this paper are the results of micromagnetic simulation with inclusion of spin momentum transfer. The bias field free is realized in a spin torque driven microwave oscillator by the utlization of material perpendicular anisotropy.


Water shortage damage major agricultural products in most part of the world. In order to estimate the water requirement of barley by using of ET-HS model, a research was conducted at Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch in 2012. The study was based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and six treatments. The irrigation treatments included irrigation to supply 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop water demand on the basis of ET-HS model during growing season (I1, I2, I3, I4, and I5, respectively) and I6 was control (conventional irrigation) which was irrigation on the basis of 70 mm evaporation from Class A evaporation pan during growing season. Irrigation on the basis of ET-HS model influences on number of fertile spike, a thousand seed weight and grain yield were significant. The highest values for plant height, number of tiller, number of fertile tiller, peduncle length, maximum LAI, total dry matter in maximum LAI stage, number of fertile spike per 2 , number of gran per spike, a thousand seed weight (35.56 g), grain yield (7877.9 kg/ha), biological yield (17689.7 kg/ha) and harvest index (44.45%) was obtained for irrigation according to 100% of crop water demand on the basis of ET-HS model. ET-HS model can be used for irrigation of barley in such regions as Esfahan.The appropriate irrigation treatment was 100% of crop water demand on the basis of ET-HS model during the growth season.


Among many robot path planning algorithms, the Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm is widely used due to its strong search ability and easy implementation. However, the RRT algorithm has strong randomness and low search efficiency, and the path generated by the expansion has a certain degree of optimization. In response to this situation, this paper proposes a performance-optimized IMRRT algorithm. Based on the basic RRT algorithm, the expansion weight of the target node is introduced, so that the generation of new nodes in the expanded random tree is biased in the direction of the target node. At the same time, adjust the planned path according to the space environment to improve the problems in the RRT algorithm. The results of experimental simulation show that compared with the basic RRT algorithm, the RRT* algorithm, and the Informed RRT* algorithm, the running time of the IMRRT algorithm is reduced by an average of 25.99%, 56.91%, and 53.31%; And the path planning length is also effectively reduced, an average decrease of 4.2%. The IMRRT algorithm improves search efficiency and realizes the optimization of the planned path.


This paper presents a method for combining domain knowledge and machine learning (CDKML) for classifier generation and online adaptation. The method exploits advantages in domain knowledge and machine learning as complementary information sources. Whereas machine learning may discover patterns in interest domains that are too subtle for humans to detect, domain knowledge may contain information on a domain not present in the available domain dataset. CDKML has three steps. First, prior domain knowledge is enriched with relevant patterns obtained by machine learning to create an initial classifier. Second, genetic algorithms refine the classifier. Third, the classifier is adapted online on the basis of user feedback using the Markov decision process. CDKML was applied in fall detection. Tests showed that the classifiers developed by CDKML have better performance than machine‐learning classifiers generated on a training dataset that does not adequately represent all real‐life cases of the learned concept. The accuracy of the initial classifier was 10 percentage points higher than the best machine‐learning classifier and the refinement added 3 percentage points. The online adaptation improved the accuracy of the refined classifier by an additional 15 percentage points.


A 29-year-old man presented with a 6-week history of clustered facial papules. Of note, he had a diagnosis of HIV 5 months previously and was on maintenance antiretroviral treatment. His initial CD4 count was 5, which increased to 38, and his viral load was now no longer detectable. He had also been treated for cytomegalovirus reactivation, pneumocystis pneumonia and suspected mycobacterium infection for the previous 3 months. He had ongoing symptoms of malaise, fevers, weight loss and nausea, along with abnormal liver function tests and a raised C-reactive protein. A bone marrow trephine showed noncaseating discrete small granulomas; Grocott and periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) stains were negative. Prior to his dermatology review, the papules were initially perioral and he had been treated with empiric valaciclovir for suspected herpes simplex virus (HSV) but with no resolution. Testing for HSV DNA and syphilis was negative. On examination, there were clusters of small nontender, well-circumscribed papules (some umbilicated), distributed on the forehead, cheeks, and cutaneous and mucosal lips. A diagnostic punch biopsy was taken of one of the characteristic papules. Histological examination demonstrated a dense dermal infiltrate of histiocytes with focal non-necrotizing granuloma formation. Interspersed neutrophilic microabscesses and occasional eosinophils were present. PAS stain for fungi confirmed the presence of numerous thick-walled spherules, many with a single distinct nucleus, with some showing binucleation, consistent with fungal organisms located within the histiocytes in the dermis. Differential diagnosis included histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, blastomycosis and coccidiomycosis. He was commenced on intravenous liposomal amphotericin B for disseminated endemic mycosis while awaiting definitive diagnosis. Formal identification by panfungal polymerase chain reaction of skin tissue was positive for Histoplasma capsulatum and itraconazole was added. The diagnosis was consistent with disseminated histoplasmosis with cutaneous involvement. The lesions resolved completely over 4 weeks, with some residual hyperpigmentation remaining. Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus found in soil and the droppings of bats and birds. Infection is through spore inhalation, with most patients being asymptomatic. It is more prevalent in temperate and tropical climates. Disseminated histoplasmosis occurs mostly in immunocompromised individuals and can be fatal if left untreated. Although endemic to specific world regions, disseminated histoplasmosis should be considered in immunocompromised patients presenting with atypical cutaneous findings, even in regions of low prevalence.


The present study examined the relationships between the scale sets reported by Brennan and Kirkland in 1983, Mehrabian and Russell in 1974, and Zeskind and Lester in 1978. A combined factor analysis of listeners' ratings on 10 short cry sounds confirmed the factor structures reported earlier. The eight Zeskind and Lester scale items as well as the Mehrabian and Russell pleasure/displeasure factor-scale items loaded on a single factor, named Affect, which is a subset of the Brennan and Kirkland scale set. The results suggest listeners' feelings of arousal cannot be accounted for solely in terms of the unpleasant/arousing qualities of cry sounds or attributed to either the potency or the perceived importance of the cries.


Emergency power, apart from being a legal requirement in public places, is increasingly critical in modern production processes where the cost of interruption can include danger to life and damaged plant. The reliability of batteries chosen for starting standby generator sets and for uninterruptible power supply (u.p.s.) systems is paramount if panic is to be avoided when the lights go out


Market economy is both legal economy and economy of rights ,which demands practical protection of property right as well as personal rights of the civil subject .However ,because of its many problems,the system of personal right in the current civil laws has been unable to meet the increasingly strong needs of civil subject to realize its personal rights under the circumstances of market economy.Therefore we should establish the independent position of the law of personal right in the civil legislation,change our legislative concepts,improve the form of laws and substantiate the basic content of the system of protecting the personal right .


E.coli is one of the most common diarrheagenic gram negative bacteria also known to cause urinary tract infections. Treatment of its infection has become more problematic due to development and dissemination of its antibiotic resistant pathotypes. This review focuses on lactobacilli and clove essential oil as alternatives that have been found effective in treatment of E.coli with their reported modes and degree of action. A combined treatment of both lactobacilli and clove essential oil under optimized conditions for their highest possible activities in presence of each other can be a new regime to decrease dependency on conventional antibiotics and thus, control rising antimicrobial resistance.


In its latest Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science Research in the U.S., the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee to the Department of Energy recommended that in regards to new nuclear-physics facilities, the construction of an Electron Ion Collider (EIC) be of the highest priority after the completion of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams. In order to carry out key aspects of the scientific program of the EIC, the EIC central detector must be capable of hadron particle identification (PID) over a broad momentum range of up to 50 GeV/c. The goal of the EIC-PID consortium is to develop an integrated program for PID at EIC, which employs several different technologies for imaging Cherenkov detectors. Here we discuss the conceptual designs and the expected PID performance of two of these detectors, as well as the newest results of gain evaluation studies of photon sensors that are good candidates to read out these detectors. Development of a gas-aerogel dual-radiator Ring Imaging Cherenkov (dRICH) detector with outward focusing mirrors is being pursued for the hadron endcap. Simulations demonstrate that the dRICH can provide a continuous ⩾ 3σ π /K/p separation from 2.5 GeV/c to 50 GeV/c. A modular aerogel Ring Imaging Cherenkov (mRICH) detector with a Fresnel lens as a focusing element is being pursued for the electron endcap. The design provides for hadron identification over a momentum range of 3 GeV/c–10 GeV/c. The working principle of the mRICH design has been proven in a beam test with a first prototype. The location of the sensor readout planes of the Cherenkov detectors in the magnetic field of the central-detector solenoid, which is expected to be within 1.5 T–3 T, makes is necessary to evaluate the limit of the acceptable performance of commercially available photosensors, such as microchannel-plate photomultipliers (MCP PMTs). Here we present the results of gain evaluation of multi-anode MCP PMTs with a pore size of 10 μm. Overall, our preliminary results suggest that the 10-μm pore-size sensors can be operated in a magnetic field with magnitude up to Bmax of 2 T. The value of Bmax depends on the relative orientation between the sensor and the field.


Rugby is a game in which the rules are regularly evaluated and changed to make the game more attractive, safer, and faster for spectators. This affects the requirements of the game and the profile depending on the position of the game. Objective.The purpose of this work is to analyze and prove that in the game of rugby 7 there are no major differences between the two compartments depending on the motor capacity. Material and method. In the present work, 14 players were investigated, performance sportswomen from the rugby team in7 women's C.S. Politehnica Iasi. The tests applied were:speed over the distance of 10 m and 50 m, CMJ, agility test 505 and VamEval. The statistical analysis was done using the SPSS Statistics 23 program. Results. The results of the tests proved that thephysical profile of the athletes is homogeneous, there are no significant differences between the compartments. Conclusions.The results of this study show that a good athlete is a good rugby player in seven. Polyvalence is an advantage of rugby players in 7 because it gives them the opportunity to quickly move from the position of forward to that of a player of backwards and vice versa


Medical diagnosis is one of the most important issues in healthcare. Computer aided systems have been developed in order to diagnose diseases by examining the internal human organs through medical images captured by MRI, CT scan etc. Many techniques have been utilized in order to develop these systems. In this paper, a short review on artificial neural network, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm techniques in medical diagnostic applications is presented. The purpose of this review is to select the most suitable soft computing methodology to build a disease diagnosis system with high capabilities. The combination of artificial neural network, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm in one methodology was reported to have a great advantage in producing systems with better performance.


Throughout the postwar era, observers regarded the prospects for international cooperation in the Arctic as poor due to the combined effects of cold war tensions, a pattern of core/periphery relations within individual Arctic countries, and the influence of a romanticized vision of the circumpolar world. The last ten to fifteen years, however, have witnessed dramatic changes in this situation with a surge of energy leading to a wide variety of cooperative initiatives. A notable feature of the resultant landscape of Arctic cooperation is the emergence of a number of innovative arrangements involving subnational units of government, nonstate actors, and distinctive forms of interstate cooperation as well as more traditional types of international cooperation. For the most part, this surge of creative energy, which has led to the emergence of the Arctic as a distinct region in international society, is a good thing. Yet it is time now to take stock of this development in the interests of identifying areas that need attention during the next phase of international cooperation in the Far North. A particularly important objective in this realm involves the growth and development of the Arctic Council over the next five to ten years.


Objective:To understand the characteristics of different food stabilizers through the review of their use in beverages for providing preliminary references for the selection of them.Method:Conventional stabilizers were introduced,and the proportions of composite stabilizers discussed.Results and conclusion:Within the allowed range,stabilizers are safe and reliable food additives.Stabilizers can be used single or compounded in beverages.The proportions of composite stabilizers need to be determined through experiments;or some of them can be based upon certain relations found in experiments,but are not applicable to all beverages.Their stabilizing mechanism still needs further discussions.


Children first learn about free parking when they play Monopoly. The chance of landing on free parking is low, about the same as the chance of going to jail. Monopoly misleads its players on this score, however, because parking is free for 99 percent of all automobile trips in the U.S. This book will argue that another kind of deception is also at play on the Monopoly board because in the real world, there is no such thing as "free" parking. The cost of parking is hidden in higher prices for everything else. In addition to the monetary cost, which is enormous, free parking imposes many other hidden costs on cities, the economy, and the environment. Why is most parking free to the driver? When only the rich owned cars at the beginning of the twentieth century, motorists simply parked their new cars at the curb where they had formerly tethered their horses and carriages. But when car ownership grew rapidly during the 1910s and 1920s, the parking problem developed. Curb parking remained free (the parking meter was not invented until 1935), but there were no longer enough spaces for everyone to park whenever and wherever they wanted. Drivers circled in vain looking for a vacant curb space, and their cars congested traffic. In the 1930s, cities began to require off-street


Videogame researchers have long considered the role videogames play in different cultural, social, and political contexts around the world. However, when it comes to researching videogame production, literature on the nominally global videogame industry has primarily focused on the dominant sites of North America, Western Europe, and East Asia. In this article, we argue that entrenched conceptualizations of the global videogame industry risk applying Westerncentric models of success and growth that fail to account for how videogame industries emerge from the interplay of global distribution and local conditions. We contribute to a growing body of scholarship that strives to localize videogame production cultures through an analysis of how Iranian videogame developers navigate local cultural, economic, and regulatory contexts alongside global markets, platforms, and genres. By outlining the formative ambivalence with which Iranian developers engage both with and against the "global" videogame industry, we demonstrate the importance of accounting for different local (and translocal) videogame production cultures mediated by global enterprise.


Apparatus (10, 100) includes a bone fastener (14) includes a bone fastener and (12,112), the bone fastener retainer and (16, 116). Fastener head (30) has a convex lower surface with a first arcuate contour and a convex upper face (36) having a second arcuate contour. Fixture, a convex lower surface of the fastener head is configured to receive a fastener in mounting position rests on the concave surface of the bone fastener having a first arcuate contour. Further, retainer concave surface of the holder is configured to be mounted on the fixture in a position resting on the convex top surface of the fastener head. Bone fastener retainer is received on the fixture by a mechanical interlock with the fixture. .FIELD 1


A unique 3 b.y. old banded barytic rock formation has been described in intimate association with meta-rhyolitic tuff. The barytic rock is made up of barytes, magnetite, quartz, garnet, tourmaline, epidote, psilomelane and occasionally tremolire and calcite. It is stratiform, being conformable in disposition to the meta-rhyolitic rock with which it is co-folded. Associated with the stratiform barytes deposits are hematite-quartz bands (tetsukeii in Japanese literature), the presence of which within a volcano-sedimentary sequence marks a horizon of fossil hydrothermal activity and is indicative of the presence of sulphides lower in the stratigraphic column.


We present low-temperature near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) measurements of self-organized InP quantum dots (QD) embedded in a GaInP layer. We observed an anomalously strong increase in the emission energy (∼270 meV) of a single QD by changing the tip-to-surface distance over ∼100 nm in the near-field region. The effect indicates the formation of a near-field nanocavity having extremely high photon-exciton mixing and can be interpreted as the observation of the coupled photon-exciton pair


This graduation theses concerns crisis management and risk management. Il will try to explain the notion of crise and the notion of risk in the business activities and their close contact in the entreprise. The managers are responsible for safe running of entreprise whereas they undertake to increase its added value and to improve the image and the raiting evaluation. The aim of the crisis management is to sort out the crisis in the company which can reach different phases of progressing.Furthermore, this document will describe the risk management in general where the aim is to offre some measures, which are easily applicated by the management of company( case of glass producter RONA)and the possible strategies to improve in the company which had to be flexible with environment


Some integrals Bessels functions and Fox's H-function have been evacuated. On specialising the parameters, the integrals yield for G-function and other related functions.


Several studies have suggested that nutrition during fetal and neonatal periods may affect liver development and function. We have reported that maternal consumption of either low‐isoflavone soy protein isolate (SPI) or genistein has profound and unique consequences to a programming of lipid metabolism in rat offspring. Therefore, we investigated effects of early life consumption of SPI and genistein on liver proliferation and development. Female rats were fed casein, low‐isoflavone SPI, or casein supplemented with genistein diet for two weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Male offspring were studied at 21 d after birth (CAS, SPI, and GEN groups). As determined by proliferation cell nuclear antigen protein and H19 mRNA levels, hepatic proliferation was higher in SPI group compared to CAS and GEN groups, which may contribute to increased relative liver weights. Consistently, we observed an increased activation of beta‐catenin pathway in SPI group. There was no difference in apoptosis among groups. Serum homocysteine levels were higher, and betaine‐homocysteine S‐methyltransferase and glycine N‐methyltransferase mRNA levels were lower in SPI group than those in CAS and GEN groups, suggesting that one‐carbon metabolism may be involved in maternal dietary regulation of liver proliferation and development in offspring. This work was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea.


Requirements for the characteristics of a large oceanographic research vessel are extended over various fields of its design. General-purpose running work such as retrieving various kinds of fundamental data about the ocean, extensive on-board scientific research, and worldwide exploration, including the polar regions, are described. Recent developments in acoustic measurements and instrumentation, such as the multi-narrow beam, require noise abatement in the design because of both airborne and waterborne noise caused by the vessel itself. The design features and R & D achievements of such vessels are described, e specially with respect to general arrangement, type of power plant, hull form, manoeuvring, seakeeping, noise abatement by choice of propellers, mounting of machinery and structure, and also design and building schedule. The example case used is the HAKUHO MARU, the newest and most sophisticated research vessel for the Ocean Research Institute of the University of Tokyo.


The continuity property in the Sobolev space $W^{k,p}({\bf R}^m)$ of wave operators of scattering theory for $m$-dimensional single-body Schr\"odinger operator is considered when the resolvent of the operator has singularities at the bottom of the continuous spectrum. It is shown that they are continuous in $W^{k,p}({\bf R}^m)$, $0\leq k \leq 2$, for $1 3$ if $m=3$ and, for $1 m/2$ if $m\geq 5$. This extends the previously known interval of $p$ for the continuity, $3/2<p<3$ for $m=3$ and $m/(m-2)<p<m/2$ for $m\geq 5$. The formula which represents the integral kernel of the resolvent of the even dimensional free Sch\"odinger operator as the superposition of exponential-polynomial like functions substantially simplifies the proof of the previous paper when $m \geq 6$ is even.


Abstract This paper discusses the use of poster sessions to showcase and celebrate student research efforts. Poster presentations provide an opportunity for students to display and discuss research completed during the course of their graduate social work education. The author provides a descriptive analysis of data compiled during four years of teaching research with this strategy and serving as research advisor to 54 independent projects in an MSW program. From the beginning stages of topic selection, to the final presentation of project findings at a poster session, the challenges and benefits of guiding students through the process are discussed.


Generalized additive models (GAMs) are favored in many regression and binary classification problems because they are able to fit complex, nonlinear functions while still remaining interpretable. In the first part of this paper, we generalize a state-of-the-art GAM learning algorithm based on boosted trees to the multiclass setting, showing that this multiclass algorithm outperforms existing GAM learning algorithms and sometimes matches the performance of full complexity models such as gradient boosted trees. In the second part, we turn our attention to the interpretability of GAMs in the multiclass setting. Surprisingly, the natural interpretability of GAMs breaks down when there are more than two classes. Naive interpretation of multiclass GAMs can lead to false conclusions. Inspired by binary GAMs, we identify two axioms that any additive model must satisfy in order to not be visually misleading. We then develop a technique called Additive Post-Processing for Interpretability (API) that provably transforms a pretrained additive model to satisfy the interpretability axioms without sacrificing accuracy. The technique works not just on models trained with our learning algorithm, but on any multiclass additive model, including multiclass linear and logistic regression. We demonstrate the effectiveness of API on a 12-class infant mortality dataset.


With the development of cloud computing and mobility, mobile cloud computing has emerged and become a focus of research. By the means of on-demand self-service and extendibility, it can offer the infrastructure, platform, and software services in a cloud to mobile users through the mobile network. Security and privacy are the key issues for mobile cloud computing applications, and still face some enormous challenges. In order to facilitate this emerging domain, we firstly in brief review the advantages and system model of mobile cloud computing, and then pay attention to the security and privacy in the mobile cloud computing. By deeply analyzing the security and privacy issues from three aspects: mobile terminal, mobile network and cloud, we give the current security and privacy approaches.


Air conditioning in houses, office buildings and schools consume high portion of the generated electricity in Saudi Arabia. This paper presents a study of the economic opportunities afforded by installing an ice storage system to existing air conditioning plants of a school in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. In this paper, the assumptions are i) fixed interest rate of 10%, ii) a tenure of 10 years and iii) estimated operational tariff structure depending on both the number of operating hours and the ambient temperature. The study examines both full and partial load storage scenarios then calculates the effect of various pricing tariffs on cost optimization. The results show that the current fixed electricity tariff rate of $0.0267/kWh which is not economically feasible. Combining both the energy storage and an incentive time structured rate shows reasonable daily bill savings. For a base tariff of $0.07/kWh during daytime operation and $0.0267/kWh for the off-peak period, savings of $33/d and $73.36/d is achievable for full load storage and partial load scenarios, respectively. These savings will increase to $159/d for full load storage and $124.06/d for partial load storage after 10 years.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the fate of three tetracyclines (TCs), namely oxytetracycline (OTC), chlortetracycline (CTC) and doxycycline (DC) at two different full-scale swine manure-activated sludge treatment plants. Throughout treatment, OTC, CTC and DC were removed by 71–76%, 75–80% and 95%, respectively. Removal of these TCs under physical treatment was deniable. On the contrary, the flocculation–coagulation and the secondary clarification resulted in a relevant reduction of the concentration of these TCs.


With the popularity of Java programming language and the progress on Java compiler techniques, people have been trying to use Java to develop applications where C/C++ ruled before. However, to deliver comparable overall run-time performance with C/C++, Java I/O must also keep up with that of C/C++. In this paper, we studied comprehensively the performances of Java communication stacks over InfiniBand and giga-bit Ethernet, and compared them with those of benchmarks written in C. We found the network performance of current version of Sun Java run-time could be parallel with C over giga-bit Ethernet. But for higher performance InfiniBand network, the current communication stacks, mainly the TCP/IP emulation layers, showed rather poor performances. It can be concluded it's necessary to invent new approach to support InfiniBand in Java applications.


Summary Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is predominantly caused by degenerative calcification in patients over 70 years. It obstructs the left ventricular outflow tract. The result is concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) wall stress and ischemia-induced myocardial fibrosis. [1] According to the European Association of Cardiothoracic Surgery, all high-grade AS patients are indicated for Aortic valve intervention [2]. One of the most recommendable methods for myocardial protection during surgical aortic valve replacement is antegrade delivery of cold crystalloid cardioplegia. Our retrospective study included 173 operated patients with AS and LVH. We observed the MB fraction of the enzyme creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB) as a postoperative marker for myocardial hypoprotection in different patients. Our results showed that a single dose of modified Bretschnaider solution provided safe and long enough myocardial protection during conventional and minimally invasive aortic valve replacement in patients with AS and LVH [3].


Proton-induced latchup in a CMOS microprocessor known to have a very low heavy-ion-induced latchup threshold LET was observed. The latchup cross section vs. proton energy for three different bias conditions is displayed. Average measured of latchup current within an 11-ms window following the onset of latchup are provided, as a function of bias and incident proton energy. These data can be interpreted in terms of the present understanding of SEE phenomena. >