Ankylosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involves the fusion of mandibular condyle to the base of the skull. When it occurs in a child, it can have devastating effects on the future growth, development of jaws and teeth, and also has a negative influence on the psychosocial development of the patient because of the obvious facial deformity, which worsens with growth. Impairment of speech and mastication, poor oral hygiene, caries, and compromise airway pose a severe psychological burden on the tender minds of children. Hereby, we present a case of 10-year-old female who reported with inability to open mouth, diagnosed with right bony TMJ ankylosis. The surgical approach consisted of gap arthroplasty followed by vigorous physiotherapy by custom-made acrylic mouth opener. The treatment of TMJ ankylosis poses a significant challenge because of technical difficulties and a high incidence of recurrence. It includes a team of oral and maxillofacial surgeons, pediatric dentist, and anesthetist.


We are concerned with the oscillation of all bounded solutions of some even order neutral delay nonlinear differential equation [x(t)-p(t)x(t-τ)]-q(t)h(x(t - σ))=0 and its corresponding linear equation [x(t)-p_0(t)x(t-τ)]-q-0(t)x(t-σ) = 0 for their oscillations. Our result improves a result which is obtained by Ladas and Qian.


sound propagation modeling methods and modeled positions of individual animals to estimate RLs in Exposure to anthropogenic sound can have a range four dimensions and to statistically describe uncerof negative behavioral and physical effects on tainty within volumes of water space where animals marine species and is of increasing ecological and were predicted to occur during exposure periods. regulatory concern. In particular, the response of By properly accounting for positional error in this marine mammals, and notably the family of crypstudy, it is clear that previous studies using single tic deep-diving beaked whales, to military sonar is median RL estimates drastically underestimate the a timely and complex issue. To make inference on full range of plausible values; ranges in estimated aspects of response by individual whales to noise of RLs here often exceeded 40 dB. We also demonany type, it is critical to either measure or systematistrate how ancillary data from visual focal follows cally estimate what received levels (RLs) the animal of tagged individuals can significantly narrow estiactually experienced. Various tools and techniques mated RL ranges. Further, we compared measured exist to monitor RLs and associated responses, each RLs on a calibrated acoustic tag to modeled RLs at with advantages and disadvantages. Most behavthe same position to evaluate our volumetric modioral response studies to date have used relatively eling results. While satellite tags record data over short-term (hours to a few days), high-resolution longer time frames, their substantial geospatial acoustic tags that provide direct RL measurements. error coupled with the unique deep-diving behavior Because of their short duration, these tags do not of beaked whales means that estimates of RL can allow for assessments of longer-duration basevary broadly and, consequently, that single point line behavior before and following a disturbance estimates from less robust approaches may be subthat may tell us more about the nature of response stantially in error. Accounting for this uncertainty within a broader context for tagged individuals. using robust statistical modeling is critical to fairly In contrast, longer-duration (weeks to months), characterize variance and effectively assess exposatellite-transmitting tags lack high-resolution kinesure-response relationships. matic data and the ability to directly measure RL. Herein, we address these issues and efforts to derive


Objectives: Study objectives were devised to assess perceptions of womenregarding importance of folic acid intake, to evaluate role of healthcare providers in counselingof women for folic acid intake, to find out association between perceptions of women withfolic acid intake practices and with counseling of healthcare providers. Study Design: A crosssectional survey. Setting: Gynecology and Obstetrics Wards and OPDs of Tertiary Care andTeaching Hospitals of District Rawalpindi. Period: July-December 2016. Methodology: Studyparticipants were approached by using convenient sampling technique and sample size was of271 women of reproductive age. attending gynecology and obstetrics wards and OPDs of tertiarycare and teaching hospitals of district Rawalpindi. After obtaining consent from institutionalreview board, an interview-based questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Results:Out of 271 women of childbearing age, 60% perceived the importance of folic acid intake indiet. The highest counseling contribution was from doctors (57.6%) while evaluation of role ofhealthcare providers was done regarding counseling. Those who had perceived importanceof folic acid had a significant better intake (p = 0.03). There was a significant associationbetween role of healthcare providers and perceptions (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Majority ofwomen perceived importance of folic acid intake and doctors were playing a significant role incounseling of women regarding folic acid intake during pregnancy. Folic acid intake practiceswere significantly influenced by women's own perceptions and role of healthcare providers wasa very important factor to direct perceptions of women.


The methodology adopted in this chapter is library based research and data is collected from reliable sources. This chapter investigates Ibn Sahl work in refraction of light. The main focus ofthe chapter to provide answers on Ibn Sahl analysis ofrefraction oflight and parabolic mirror, Biconvex lenses. The chapter argues that Ibn Sahl was the first Muslim who put the first law of refraction of light not Snell's. The significance of this chapter is the revelation of Ibn Sahl effort in the study of one the most essential things in our life; refraction of light


Conclusion Parties involved in realizing adaptation projects should not rely on hierarchical leadership only. Leadership which is aimed at creating conditions for innovation (enabling leadership), connecting parties (connective leadership), developing new ideas and practices (adaptive leadership), and connecting newly developed adaptation concepts to formal policies, is equally important to successful climate change adaptation. Practical use Based on an assessment of leadership functions in adaptation projects the need for strengthening specific leadership functions may be recognized.


The invention discloses a strong-thixotropy low dielectric epoxy resin composite material, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-56 parts of an E-51 epoxy resin, 1-3 parts of sericite powder, 4-8 parts of polyamide wax, 0.6-0.9 part of sodium silicate, 20-24 parts of benzyl glycidyl ether, 9-12 parts of an acetic acid, 10-13 parts of 2-[2-(2-aminophenoxy)ethoxy]phenylamine, 3-5 parts of tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 1-2 parts of 2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, 7-9 parts of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate, 6-9 parts of trimellitic anhydride, and 3-6 parts of an additive. A preparation process of the composite material disclosed by the invention is simple and easy to operate, and a problem that existing traditional epoxy resins are simple in performance is effectively solved; the epoxy resin disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good thixotropy, strong shock resistance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, low power saving coefficient and the like; and prepregs prepared by using the epoxy resin are non-caked, and prepared copper-clad plates have relatively low dielectric coefficients and dielectric loss, so that the distortion rate in the process of signal transmission can be reduced.


Background  Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening participation is low despite its effectiveness in reducing CRC mortality. Identifying benefits and barriers requires consideration of specific characteristics of screening modalities.


While Brazil and Argentina forged artificial nationalisms that reflected nineteenth-century ideologies of European origin, the Republic of Paraguay developed a conservative nationalism based on narrow traditions of patrimonialism, community solidarity, and a unique linguistic environment defined by the use of the Guarani language. This form of nationalism, which the Paraguayan state did not initially seek to promote, eventually provided the backdrop for the country's stubborn resistance to the Allied armies during the course of the Triple Alliance War of 1864-1870.


Re-educating Healthcare Providers on Hand Hygiene Practice by Veronica Ubah MSN, Holy Names University, 2012 BSN, Nevada State College, 2010 Proposal Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice Walden University May 2017 Abstract The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) estimate that there are approximately 1.4 million cases of hospital acquired infections (HAIs) at any given time worldwide. Recent reports indicate that 722,000 patients acquire HAIs, with 75,000 or more succumbing to the infections and dying. This quality improvement project focused on the value of re-educating practicing nurses on hand hygiene practices as an approach to reduce the incidence of HAIs. Pre-intervention rates of HAIs were compared with postintervention rates of HAIs across 2 units (Unit A and Unit B) in an acute care setting to determine if re-educating nurses about hand hygiene was a plausible strategy in reducing HAIs in the acute care setting. The pre-intervention mean rate of Unit A was 0.146% and the post-mean rate was 0.00%. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that the educational intervention did not elicit a statistically significant change in infection rates (z = -1.63, p > 0.05). Similarly, the preintervention mean rate of Unit B was 0.12% and the post-mean rate was 0.00%. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that the educational intervention did not elicit a statistically significant change in infection rates (z = 1.732, p > 0.05). Despite the lack of statistical significance, there was a reduction in the mean rate to 0.00% following the educational intervention. The results ofThe Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) estimate that there are approximately 1.4 million cases of hospital acquired infections (HAIs) at any given time worldwide. Recent reports indicate that 722,000 patients acquire HAIs, with 75,000 or more succumbing to the infections and dying. This quality improvement project focused on the value of re-educating practicing nurses on hand hygiene practices as an approach to reduce the incidence of HAIs. Pre-intervention rates of HAIs were compared with postintervention rates of HAIs across 2 units (Unit A and Unit B) in an acute care setting to determine if re-educating nurses about hand hygiene was a plausible strategy in reducing HAIs in the acute care setting. The pre-intervention mean rate of Unit A was 0.146% and the post-mean rate was 0.00%. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that the educational intervention did not elicit a statistically significant change in infection rates (z = -1.63, p > 0.05). Similarly, the preintervention mean rate of Unit B was 0.12% and the post-mean rate was 0.00%. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that the educational intervention did not elicit a statistically significant change in infection rates (z = 1.732, p > 0.05). Despite the lack of statistical significance, there was a reduction in the mean rate to 0.00% following the educational intervention. The results of this quality improvement project suggest a value in re-educating nurses on the importance of hand hygiene as a strategy to reduce and prevent HAIs in health care organizations in order to promote positive patient outcomes. Re-educating Healthcare Providers on Hand Hygiene Practice by Veronica Ubah MSN, Holy Names University, 2012 BSN, Nevada State College, 2010 Proposal Submitted in Partial (Fulfillment) Of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice Walden University May 2017


Thank you for downloading encyclopedia of world history. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their chosen books like this encyclopedia of world history, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their computer. encyclopedia of world history is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the encyclopedia of world history is universally compatible with any devices to read.


An extension of the celebrated Liu procedure for the exploitation of second law of thermodynamics is proposed. The new method is applied to investigate weakly nonlocal extended thermodynamics of rigid heat conductors. Thermodynamic restrictions on the constitutive functions are derived and compared with classical results.


Objective
To evaluate the effects of silicon dressing on incision healing after dermatologic surgery.

Methods
Total 68 patients after dermatologic surgery in our hospital from October 2013 to July 2014 were divided into treatment group and control group. The control group including 35 patients was treated with regular dressing, and the treatment group including 33 patients was treated with silicon dressing at the foundation of regular dressing. Incision healing time, class-A healing rate and scar formation rate were evaluated in the two groups, respectively.

Results
Incision healing time [(5.09±1.22) d], class-A healing rate (32 cases, 99.7%) and scar formation rate (0 cases, 0.0%) in treatment group were significantly better than those (7.00±0.87) d, 88.6% (31 cases) and 11.4% (4 cases) in control group. The results showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05].

Conclusions
Silicon dressing can be used to improve the incision healing after dermatologic surgery.

Key words:
Incision healing; Silicon dressing; Dermatologic surgery


This month's article by Koniaris and colleagues provides further evidence that lethal injection is far from humane. ThePLoS Medicine editors call on the US to abandon the death penalty.


The public data from the EGRET space telescope on diffuse Galactic gamma rays in the energy range from 0.1 to 10 GeV are reanalyzed with the purpose of searching for signals of Dark Matter annihilation (DMA). The analysis confirms the previously observed excess for energies above 1 GeV in comparison with the expectations from conventional Galactic models. In addition, the excess was found to show all the key features of a signal from Dark Matter Annihilation (DMA): a) the excess is observable in all sky directions and has the same shape everywhere, thus pointing to a common source; b) the shape corresponds to the expected spectrum of the annihilation of non-relativistic massive particles into – among others – neutral π 0 mesons, which decay into photons. From the energy spectrum of the excess we deduce a WIMP mass between 50 and 100 GeV, while from the intensity of the excess in all sky directions the shape of the halo could be reconstructed. The DM halo is consistent with an almost spherical isothermal profile with substructure in the Galactic plane in the form of toroidal rings at 4 and 14 kpc from the center. These rings lead to a peculiar shape of the rotation curve, in agreement with the data, which proves that the EGRET excess traces the Dark Matter.


Insects are the pre-eminent form of metazoan life on land, with as many as 1018 individuals alive at any one instant and over three-quarters of a million species described. Although it is estimated that there are as many as 14,000 species that are blood feeders [1], only three to 400 species regularly attract our attention [2]. Some of these are of immense importance to us, as vector-borne diseases still form a huge burden on both the human population (Table 1) and our domesticated animals.

Table 1

Vector-borne disease still forms a huge burden on humankind.

Much progress has been achieved in the control of some of these vector-borne diseases by targeting the vector. The following are two good examples. First, insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) have had a major impact in the control of malaria, even in some of the most difficult control settings. The evidence from large-scale assessments shows that households possessing ITNs show a 20% reduction in prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum infection in children under 5 and a 23% reduction in all-cause child mortality, findings that were consistent across a range of transmission settings [3]. Second, the Southern Cone Initiative has used indoor residual spraying against the domesticated triatomine vectors of Chagas disease to immense effect [4]. As a result, the overall distribution of Triatoma infestans in the Southern Cone region has been reduced from well over 6 million km2 (1990 estimates) to around 750,000 km2 mainly in the Chaco of northeast Argentina and Bolivia, while Rhodnius prolixus has been almost entirely eliminated from Central America, with all countries there now certified by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) as free of transmission due to this vector.

However, the emergence and spread of insecticide resistance [5] represents a challenge to these successes and to other vector control activities, the vast majority of which depend in one way or another on the use of insecticides. The need for new insecticides (or novel means to use those we already have) and for other non-insecticidal means of vector control is quite clear. A good example of our need for new means of controlling insects is seen in dengue. Without a vaccine or drugs, disease control efforts are centred on control of the vector. But, because of the life histories of the vectors involved, the methods we currently have are inadequate [6].

One non-insecticidal method of vector control, which incidentally shows much promise for dengue control, is the use of genetically modified (GM) insects. Serious discussion of whether GM insects could be used in control began as soon as transgenic insects were first produced in the 1980s [7], and a range of means by which this could be achieved have been put forward [8]. The first generation of GM insects, designed to suppress rather than replace vector populations, is now being produced. For example, the OX3604C strain of Aedes aegypti is designed for the control of this dengue vector [9]. Field release of GM insects is under way [10], [11], as described by Reeves and colleagues in this issue [12]. GM insects may provide great promise for new means of controlling diseases with a devastating impact on people's lives. If so, then public acceptance is likely to be a key issue in their implementation.

It seems possible that GM insect release may prove an emotive issue. While not a GM control campaign, Reeves et al. [12] point to the decade-long WHO-led sterile insect technique (SIT) programs in India that finished in a chaotic way following ill-informed but highly damaging reporting in the Indian press [13], [14]. Similarly, the problems surrounding the use of GM crops in Europe and the issues surrounding the polio vaccination campaign in northern Nigeria [15] provide evidence of the importance of carrying public opinion if potentially beneficial technologies are to be accepted. Part of the process of carrying public opinion is to ensure that adequate oversight of technologies is in place and that the public is fully informed in an appropriate manner [15]. It is clear that research on GM vector insects has reached a stage where we can expect many field releases to take place in the near future. However, despite efforts by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group (AHTEG), and others, it is not clear that the regulatory processes required to oversee these releases are firmly in place, a view shared by others [16]. Although it is not a GM release as neither of the organisms involved have foreign genes inserted, the recent Australian release of Ae. aegypti transformed with Wolbachia (which reduces the capacity of the mosquito to act as a vector of dengue) [17] is an interesting example of the state of regulation in this general area. The authors state "Approval for the release of Aedes aegypti containing Wolbachia was provided by the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority. Considering the novelty of the proposed experiment it was not initially clear how the open release of Wolbachia infected mosquitoes should be regulated in Australia. Finally after considerable consultation the Australian Government chose to regulate the release under existing legislation as a Veterinary Chemical product".

In addition to national regulation, which is likely to be most easily organized, Mumford [18] makes the point that at least some GM insect releases may require regional or international regulation because of the risk of widespread dispersal posed by the organisms. Obtaining regional or international agreements will of course add to the difficulty of developing suitable regulatory processes. If releases of GM insects are not to prove such a highly contentious issue that it interferes with testing and implementation, then the subject requires an open and full debate in the public arena and for regulatory bodies to move rapidly to have effective and transparent oversight in place.

Consequently, we are publishing the Viewpoint article and two related Expert Commentaries in this issue with the hope that they will help to open the debate more fully on the issues surrounding the regulation of GM vector releases. We have also highlighted some of the articles previously published in PLoS journals in the Genetically Modified Insect Collection (http://www.ploscollections.org/GMInsect) for our readers interested in these topics. The international community has invested heavily in the development of a strong vector biology community and also has promoted the development of GM insect technologies to control diseases devastating animals and plants alike. Our view is that healthy discussion in a public forum can help to ensure the best possible chance that the return on our investment will be high.


In order to fabricate non-subsurface damage optical components,the damage layer was removed by using magnetorheological finishing.The experiment showed that magnetorheological finishing could remove the subsurface scratch by its unique mechanisms of material removal and don't cause new scratch itself.It also can improve the surface quality of optical components and could be used as a high efficiency processing technics to fabricate non-damage optical components.


The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil physical attributes and their relationship to soybean productivity under no-tillage system. The study was conducted in a Oxisol, based on randomized blocks design, with the treatments: no-tillage for 10 years (0 tractor traffic) and five tractor-traffic intensities (2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 passes), with five repetitions. An increase of macroporosity up to 10% under soil bulk density ranging from 1.51 to 1.56 mg.m-3 and soil penetration resistance between 1.5 to 2.0 MPa, on the 0.00-0.10 m layer benefited the soybean productivity. The number of pods per plant, grain number per plant, stem diameter, and soybean productivity is higher in Oxisol, under intermediate compression. Soil bulk density and soil penetration resistance showed to be sensitive an indicators of soil physical quality, with more relation to soybean grain productivity.


AbstractMelamine is an important organic chemical and is widely used in industry. So, outflow of melamine into the environment has increased. However, research on melamine has been limited to research on food. In this study, to measure the concentration of melamine present in the environment, melamine and its by-products, Ammeline, Ammelide and Cyanuric acid, were simultaneously analyzed using gas chromatography time of flight. Also, for the removal of melamine and its by-products, the removal efficiencies were investigated via absorption experiments using the granular activated carbon (GAC) process and advanced oxidation process (AOP). Looking at the removal by each substance at ozone concentration, 10 mg/L Cyanuric acid was approximately examined using ozone and ozone/peroxide as advanced treatment processes. The concentration of ozone was from the minimum of 0.5 mg/L to the maximum of 10 mg/L and the degree of removal was checked by making the concentrations of 11 kinds react with each other for 20 min...


It is important for identification of noise and vibration problem of tire to consider influence of interaction between road and tire. A quantification of road noise is a challenging issue in vehicle NVH due to extremely complicated transfer paths of road noise as well as the difficulty in an experimental identification of input force from tire-road interaction. A noise caused by tire is divided into road noise(structure-borne noise) and pattern noise(air-borne noise). Pattern noise is caused by pattern shape of tire, which has larger than 500 Hz, but road noise is generated by the interactions between a tire and a vehicle body. In this paper, we define the quantitative analysis for road noise caused by interactions between tire and road parameters. For the identification of road noise, the chassis dynamometer that is equipped $10mm{\times}10mm $ square cleat in the semi-anechoic chamber is used, and the tire spindle forces are measured by load cell. The vibro-acoustic transfer function between ear position and wheel center was measured by the vibro-acoustic reciprocity method. In this study three tires with different type of mechanical are used for the experiment work.


Context
The biological mechanism for the association between sleep duration and incident diabetes mellitus (DM) is unclear. Sleep duration and caspase-8, a marker of apoptotic activity, have both been implicated in β-cell function.

Objective
To investigate the associations between sleep duration and plasma caspase-8 and incident DM, respectively.

Design
Prospective cohort study.

Setting
The Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) Study is a population-based, prospective study run in the city of Malmö, Sweden.

Participants
A total of 4023 individuals from the MDC Study aged 45 to 68 years at baseline without a history of prevalent DM and with information on habitual sleep duration.

Main Outcomes
Incident DM.

Results
Mean follow-up time was 17.8 years. Sleep duration was the only behavioral variable significantly associated with plasma caspase-8. Plasma caspase-8 was significantly associated with incident DM per standard deviation of its transformed continuous form [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13 to 1.36] and when dichotomized into high (quartile 4) (HR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.74) compared with low (quartiles 1 to 3) concentrations. Caspase-8 interacted with sleep duration; compared with individuals who had 7 to 8 hours of sleep and low plasma caspase-8, those with high plasma caspase-8 and sleep duration <6 hours (HR = 3.54; 95% CI, 2.12 to 5.90), 6 to 7 hours (HR = 1.81; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.65), and 8 to 9 hours (HR = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.18) were at significantly increased risks of incident DM.

Conclusions
Sleep duration is associated with plasma caspase-8. Caspase-8 independently predicts DM years before disease onset and modifies the effect of sleep duration on incident DM. Future studies should investigate if change of sleep duration modifies plasma concentrations of caspase-8.


Feasibility and superiority of buckling restrained brace ( BRB) used as outrigger in high-rise building with frame-core tube are discussed,based on an actual project in Shenzhen. Ordinary brace case,in which it is used as web members of strengthened story truss,and BRB case are compared,including dynamic characteristic of the entire structure,inter-story drift when subject to frequent earthquakes,and base shear force under rare earthquakes. Results show that the sections of BRBs are smaller than those of ordinary braces under normal service state. It is useful for BRB to enhance stiffness and alleviate abrupt change of story stiffness. BRB will yield and dissipate cumulative hysteretic energy under rare earthquakes,it also helps to reduce earthquake action of the entire building and protect other important members from being damaged. BRB strengthened story is able to enhance stiffness and shear capacity while eliminates sudden stiffness change at the same time.


The article presents issues related to the appeal proceedings in disciplinary cases of academic teachers. The publication analyzes problems such as subjective and temporal aspects of the appeals lodged, the course of the proceedings, and possible decisions that can be taken.


ever, there exist two important differences. First, Mie resonances' states are not localized; in fact, they decay too slowly, as 1yr as r ! ', and this may lead to divergences in some matrix elements. However, in a lattice environment they may be taken as localized, with a localization length comparable to the interparticle dimension. Second, in the classical wave case, as opposed to the electronic case, the host medium supports propagating solutions for every frequency. For large wavelengths, this is the dominant propagation mode since no resonances have been excited yet, while for wavelengths comparable to the particle dimension, transmission is achieved mainly through transfer between neighboring localized resonances. Thus, we may assume that the lowest frequency band is plane wavelike, while the higher bands are TB-like. This picture is more easily justified in the case of wide gaps and narrow bands, but its validity seems to be much wider. Within the framework of the systems we studied, we verified this picture. Furthermore, we were able to show that the TB matrix elements, after an appropriate rescaling, are functions of the distance only. We will consider the scalar case of a 2D periodic array of N infinitely long dielectric cylinders in vacuum, with periodic boundary conditions and with the incident plane wave E polarized. We assume the normalized electric field for each band to be given by Ens$


Pneumatic conveyance of wet granular material was investigated, focusing on the reduction of power consumption. Flow patterns at various water contents were modelled and the physical properties of particles as well as the conveyance pressure drop were measured for polystyrene pellet conveying. Effects of vibration conditions on the pressure drop and conveyance efficiency were investigated. Favorable water content and vibration conditions were found to reduce the power consumption. It was confirmed that liquefaction resulted from a multiplier effect of water addition and vibration and contributed considerably to reduction of power consumption and prevention of choking. The applicability of these results was confirmed with actual devices


The main aim of the study was to evaluate the bioactive properties of ethyl acetate crude extract of Streptomyces parvulus VITJS11 with a view to assess their therapeutic potential. The biological activity of ethyl acetate extract was tested against fungal and bacterial pathogens. The free radical scavenging potential of the crude extract was determined by DPPH assay. The chemo preventive properties of S. parvulus VITJS11 ethyl acetate extract was examined by MTT assay on HepG2 cells. The morphological, physiological and the biochemical properties of the strain S. parvulus VITJS11 was confirmed by conventional methods. Genotypic characterization was done using 16S r-DNA partial gene amplification and sequencing. The authenticity of the crude chemical constitutes were determined by the GC-MS. The ethyl acetate extract of VITJS11 showed maximum antifungal activity against three Aspergillus species and prominent antibacterial activity against two Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria at 20 mg/mL. The antioxidant potential of the crude extract exhibited strong reducing power activity at 5mg/ mL with 85% inhibition and the cytotoxic effect was found with IC50 of 500µg/ mL on HepG2 cell lines. The GC-MS analysis and the chromatogram patterns revealed 16 peaks, indicating the presence of bioactive constituents, which included several important organic compounds, namely 9-(2',2'-dimethylpropanoilhydrazono)-3,6-dichloro-2,7-Bis-[2-(diethylamino)-ethoxy]fluorine (23.1) Dotriacontylpentafluoropropionate,(25.0) Octadecanoic acid, (20.0); Trans-2-methyl-4-n-butylthiane, S, S-dioxide.(19.0). The results showed the benefit of ethyl acetate extract from S. parvulus VITJS11 in treating microbial infections and indicated their broad spectrum of activity with beneficial virtues for therapeutic use.


The qualitative and quantitative description of the workload of a system is very important for capacity planning and performance management. In large-scale transaction processing systems, dynamic workload control algorithms are applied to optimize system performance. Such algorithms can bene t from the results of workload clustering algorithms that partition the workload into classes consisting of units of work exhibiting similar characteristics. This paper presents CLUE, a clustering environment for OLTP workload characterization. CLUE provides a library of clustering algorithms that classify transactions into classes, according to their database reference patterns. This paper introduces HALC, a new batch-mode heuristic clustering algorithm, designed to cope with the large volume of input data that is typical for real-life applications. Next, an on the y clustering algorithm based on neural networks is described. This algorithm can be used in an on-line fashion in systems whose characteristics change through time. This paper provides an evaluation of the performance of HALC and the on the y algorithms in terms of execution times and statistical metrics related to the quality of clusters that they compute, for both synthetic and real-life workload traces. Finally, this paper quanti es the impact of workload clustering on the performance of three dynamic transaction routing algorithms for Shared-Nothing transaction processing systems.


It is seen that the latency in arrival time of ambulance in the hospital eventually leads to the conversion of patient health to critical condition. The sudden cardiac arrests and arrhythmias are some of the major situations faced in the emergency ambulance. IoT rises as a powerful domain where embedded devices and sensors can connect and exchange information over the internet. This project aims to exploit the technique of IoT for the transmission of acquired ECG and other vital parameters from emergency ambulance to the appropriate hospital by preserving the confidentiality of the data. In this work, an ECG monitoring system is designed with using ECG sensors and temperature sensor. The architecture embedded with an automatic sensor which shows the noise free uninterrupted numerical ECG values in real time manner. The streaming of vital data from the emergency ambulance is achieved by using IoT. The graphical representation of the data is acquired in the required hospital web server by the transmission of the same using IoT. A traffic signal module is also implemented into the proposed model to notify when the ambulance is present at the programmed vicinity of the signal.


This article gives a syntactic overview of sociological ideas and public engagements (intellectual battles) of Pierre Bourdieu, one of the most important sociologists of the second half of the 20 th century. First are analyzed the cultural and theoretical circumstances (conjuctures) that influenced Bourdieu's intellectual profile (marxism structuralism, durkeimism), and then are elaborated his most important and original contributions to sociology. It is shown that Bourdieu belongs to that sociological orientation, which has been called structuralist constructivism, constuctivist realism or reflexive sociology. In this sense, presented are important notions of his sociology, especially the notions of habitus, field, historical activity, capital, reflexivity, reproduction and distinction. It has been insisted on the deep social engagement of Bourdieu's views, and within this framework special attention is given to his both provocative and questionable attitudes towards globalization, neoliberalim and the media


We demonstrate that living cells can be encapsulated inside sporopollenin microcapsules derived from Lycopodium clavatum. To encapsulate large objects like cells, the sporopollenin particles are compressed into a pellet which forces their trilite scars to open up. Our method involves exposing a sporopollenin pellet to an aqueous suspension of cells in the presence of a surface active agent which facilitates the capillary suction of the cells suspension inside the compressed sporopollenin and its "re-inflating" and closure of trilite scars. We demonstrate that the viability of the cells is preserved after the encapsulation in the sporopollenin capsules which contain a significant amount of entrapped cells and show biological activity when placed into a culture medium. Since the sporopollenin nanopores allow nutrient transport across the capsule wall, it could be used for controlling the rate of in situfermentation reactions or as bio-reactors. We also show that sporopollenin can be loaded with magnetic nanoparticles and live cultures simultaneously which would allow remote manipulation, fixation, removal or potentially targeted delivery of such bio-microreactors. The encapsulation of living cells inside sporopollenin can be used for many different purposes in the food and pharmaceutical industries, including protection of probiotics in foods and delivery of live vaccines for pharmaceutical applications.


Objective: Determination of celecoxib and diclofenac effects in early young subjects. Study design: Randomized study designed Methodology: All the participants received celecoxib 225 mg two times/day and diclofenac 80mg two times/day. First 21 days all participants received celecoxib treatment, before the start of the following medicine diclofenac 3.5 weeks gap was given. The blood pressure (BP) of patients was measured using the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring device (space labs model 90217A). Results: Group one consisted of young participants had a mean ± SD age 29 ± 3.4 while group 2 elderly had a mean ± SD age 55 ± 5.5. The mean body mass index was (group 1) 21.7 ± 1.8 kg/m2 and for group 2 = 27.3 ± 1.0 kg/m2. Group one had 5 (38.46%) females and 8 (61.53%) males while group 2 had 4 (30.76%) females and 9 (69.23%) males. The celecoxib medication baseline BP shows that there was no significant difference found in systolic blood pressure. Similar results for diastolic (mm Hg) for day and night time. Mean arterial pressure was higher in the elderly group -2 than in young group 1, Plasma renin activity was less in group 2 on day one compared to group 1. Plasma renin activity and concentration were decreased after 7 days of celecoxib and diclofenac treatment. A non-significant result was obtained. Group 1 Aldosterone serum (ng/l) for celecoxib received patients 11 ± 2.2 (ng/l) value for day one, day 7 = 13.2 ± 3.2, day 14 = 14.2 ± 3.4. Similarly in the case of diclofenac, the Aldosterone serum (ng/l) value for day one = 11.3 ± 21, day 7= 12.2 ± 2.3, and day 14 = 12.3 ± 2.1. A decrease in values was observed in both groups for aldosterone serum. For group-2 celecoxib, day one=15 ± 2.2, day 7= 14 ± 2.4*. day14= 14 ± 1.4. For diclofenac day one 15 ± 2.2, 7day= 15 ± 1.5, and 14 days = 14 ± 5.1. The comparison of both groups shows that the sodium and potassium decrease in both treatments in both groups. Conclusion: Overall, we got a non-significant response of both drugs on renal function and blood pressure. Keywords: blood pressure, renin angiotensin aldosterone system, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)


The issues of diagnosis and treatment of intestinal intussusception in children are still one of the most urgent in pediatric surgery. Often, intestinal intussusception is combined with various types of injuries.


The dynamics of different soil nitrogen pools after applying different types of nitrogen fertilizers were studied by pot experiment. The results show that the wheat biomass and nitrogen uptake have no significant difference by mixed application of Urea, NH_4HCO_3, (NH_4)_2SO_4, and Ca(NO_3)_2 with the same rate of nitrogen applied. Nitrifications of ammonia and urea type nitrogen fertilizers were completed in 14 days. The soil microbiomass N decreases with crop growth under Urea, NH_4HCO_3, and (NH_4)_2SO_4 treatments, which may be caused by crop uptake. The utilization of old fixed NH_4 + by crop is weak. Soil fixed NH_4 + is increased after the application of nitrogen fertilizers, and this kind of fixed NH_4 + can be uptaken by crop in growing period. The apparent nitrogen recovery rate, loss rate and fixed rate have no significant difference among four nitrogen fertilizer types.


Sida acutaburm.f belongs toMalvaceae, themallow family and enjoys tropical and pantropical distribution. The plant is usually known as wireweed in the countryside, and it is highlymedicinally valued traditionally and ethnobotanically promised. The species have literature reports on scienti ic attributes like abortifacient, anthelmintic, diuretic, anti-rheumatic, antipyretic and wound healing properties. The present study is concerned with acute and subchronic toxicity evaluation of ethanolic extract of Sida acuta Burm.f leaves in Wistar albino rats. Acute toxicity evaluationwas conducted for 14 days. Acute doses of 100, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg BWwere administrated to test groups of animals under consideration on the irst day of experimental evaluation with three animals in each of total six groups along with control. For the remaining 13 days, animals were observed for noted behavioural changes and body weight were recorded respectively for 7 and 14 day of experimental analysis. At the end of the trial period, all the animals were euthanised, and various biochemical parameters and histopathological examination were carried out to assess the toxicity of extract. The present study revealed that the ethanolic extract of Sida acuta Burm.f leaves is non-toxic up to 2000mg/kg body weight. Subchronic toxicity evaluation was conducted for 28 days with several doses 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500mg/kg BW. Control rats without any treatment were maintained during the entire period of experimental analysis. The results of subchronic toxicity parameters indicate no signi icant changes to the biochemical parameters (glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, AST, ALT and Cholesterol) haematological and histopathological observation in comparison to the control groups. Based on subchronic toxicity parameters data, effective doses (200 and 400mg/kg BW) is determined for further cancer (colon) study in Wistar albino rats.


Highly ordered semiconducting metal oxide nanorod arrays on transparent and flexible substrates are promising materials for modern optoelectronic and electronic devices, such as touch screens, flexible displays, and printable electronics components. Herein, a modified nanocrystal-seed-directed-hydrothermal route has been developed to achieve the large-scale growth of aligned and dense SnO2 nanorod arrays on a single side of free-standing reduced graphene sheets (rGss) which forms two-layered heterostructures of SnO2/rGss benefical for fabrication of potential devices. Based on in situ TEM studies, while utilizing integrated STM and AFM holders, mechanical robustness of SnO2 nanorods and rGss complexes, their low resistance and Ohmic contacts at the heterostructure interfaces were confirmed. An electron source device using a flexible graphene substrate and the above heterostructures has then been fabricated that shows outstanding field emission properties: a threshold field value as low as 1.06 V μm−1, and an emitting current density as high as 1.1 A cm−2 at an applied field of 7.5 V μm−1, suggesting an ideal energy provider as well as an energy-saving device. This would open up possibilities for the extensive study of the interesting properties from these most promising nanostructures and extend their practical applications in the energy field.


The independent curriculum implemented at the elementary to higher education level currently hopes to produce a superior generation. Employability Skills and Scientific Literacy are two things must be possessed by superior human resources. In order to measure these two abilities, an appropriate instrument is needed, such as authentic self-assessment. This study aims to develop an authentic self-assessment to measure the Employability Skills and Scientific Literacy of high school students. This research is a development research using 4D design (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The instruments used were validity and response questionnaires filled in by expert lecturers and senior teachers at the school. The results of this study are: a) the authentic self-assessment instrument measures Employability Skills - the average is in the high category and the response is very good and b) the authentic self-assessment instrument measures students' scientific literacy - the average is in the high category and the response is very good.


One of the key features of personality is the existence of inter-individual differences in motivation, emotions and behavior. Individual differences may be maintained in a population if personality traits are linked to states – conditions which affect the fitness-related outcomes of personality. We tested this assumption using the participants' sex as an internal state. Personality was operationalized via basic emotional systems: FEAR, ANGER, SADNESS, SEEKING, PLAYFULNESS and CARE. We measured several fitness-related outcomes like reproductive success, residual reproductive value, reproductive timing, the onset of sexual activity and short- term mating frequency. The data were collected in a community sample via an online study (N = 635; Mage = 29.4; 69.4% females). We used linear regression to predict fitness-related outcomes by basic emotions and tested interactions between sex and emotions to the prediction of these criteria measures. Predictable sex differences in basic emotions were obtained: males had lower scores on CARE, FEAR and SADNESS traits. Findings also showed that basic emotions can have an adaptive role in a biological sense – this was particularly true for CARE and ANGER traits. Finally, five interactions were detected, which showed that the adaptive benefits of emotional traits are different for males and females in a conceptually expected manner. Research results showed that personality traits operationalized as basic emotional systems can contribute to evolutionary fitness. These results furthermore expand the knowledge of human personality as a state-dependent behavior.


Recent work on generics has shown that genericity is not a uniform phenomenon but involves interaction between the semanLJcs of the noun phrase and the tense-aspect system of a language (see Krifka 1992 for a survey and discussion). This paper focuses on the gencricity which is tied to the noun phrase. By this I mean NP's which can serve as arguments to true kind predicates such as extinct. As noted by Krifk.a. this diagnostic distinguishes the definite singular NP and the bare plural in English from the indefinite singular NP. While the former are truly kind denoting, the latter is not. as shown by the fact that ( Ic) has only a taxonomic reading:


Oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor seriously threaten the physical and mental health of patients, especially advanced malignant tumor requiring a comprehensive sequence of surgery-based treatment, resulting in facial deformity, difficulties with chewing, dysphagia and asophia. Among them, trismus (restricted mouth opening) is one of the most common complications after treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor. In severe cases, they may even suffer from trismus and eating difficulties, finally leading to malnutrition and even cachexia. Therefore, it not only affects the quality of life of the patients and even endangers their lives, but also brings heavy social and economic burden. How to effectively prevent and treat posttreatment trismus is a clinical problem which is easy to be ignored by oral and maxillofacial surgeons and needs to be solved urgently. In recent years, restricted mouth opening (trismus) after post-treatment of oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal and other head and neck malignant tumors have been widely studied, but restricted mouth opening after comprehensive treatment of oral cancer has been neglected. We therefore conducted a systematic review with 3 aims: (I) to clear the definition of restricted mouth opening and trismus; (II) to identify epidemiology and pathogenesis of restricted mouth opening or trismus; and (III) to summarize the methods of interventions or treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor patients with restricted mouth opening or trismus.


Loudness and annoyance judgments were obtained by magnitude estimation for low‐frequency noises. In one experiment, listeners judged the loudness and annoyance of 10‐s noise bursts; in a second experiment, loudness and annoyance judgments of a continuous noise were made at regular temporal intervals over an exposure period of 1 h. All listening was through loudspeakers in an ASHRAE test room. For noise stimuli containing dominant low‐frequency tones, the annoyance‐to‐loudness ratios ranged from 2.0 to nearly 8.0 under steady‐state conditions. This large ratio variation was found despite nearly equal A‐weighted levels. Moreover, consistent with a recent study [Hellman et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 101, 2176–2185 (1997)], loudness decreased with time, more at low than at moderate sensation levels (SL). Perceived annoyance exhibited a similar dependence on SL with time, suggesting that loudness and annoyance are related. However, for noise stimuli with spectral peaks at 31.5 and 25 Hz, annoyance declined by a ...


Given is a two-dimensional grid of cells. The cells are either of type BORDER, OBSTACLE, EMPTY or CREATURE. Only CREATURE can move around in the cell space. CREATURE is able to look one cell ahead in a certain direction and can move in that direction if there is no obstacle or border in front. CREATURE can perform 4 actions: if the path is blocked turn left or right, if the path is free: move ahead and simultaneously turn left or right. The task of the creature is to cross all empty cells with a minimum number of steps. The movment of the creature was modelled with local rules in the cellular automata model and the behaviour was modelled using a state-machine. The state machine has only two possible states in our first investigation. Input to the state machine is the information if the path is free or blocked. All possible 256 combinations of the state table were tried out in order to find out the best behaviour. The best algorithm allows the creature to cross only 61 % empty cells of the used inital configurations. In order to get a better behaviour, the number of states, inputs and outputs of the state machine has to be increased. Also we show the hardware structure for this model. It can be described in a hardware description language and transformed into a configuration file which can be loaded into a field programmable array (FPGA). The goal is to support the simulation, optimization and learning methods by hardware, because these tasks are very time consuming.


Using the major meteorological data in term of temperature,sunshine duration and rainfall during 1961 ~ 2000 in Wumeng tobacco- growing area of Guizhou province,the author analyzed the characteristics of climatic factors changes at flue-cured tobacco growth stage. The results indicated that Wumeng tobacco- growing area was provided with adequate sunshine duration and rainfall,but its average air temperature was relatively low. The air temperature was relatively stable among different years,while the sunshine duration and rainfall fluctuated largely among different years. Linear trend analysis showed that the air temperature at tobacco vigorous growth stage( June) had a significant upward trend,but that at tobacco initial maturing stage( July) dropped significantly. In growth and developmental period of flue- cured tobacco,the monthly sunshine duration showed a decreasing trend,and this trend was obvious in July; the rainfall revealed a declining trend in May and June,and showed an increasing trend in July and August,but the linear variation trend of monthly rainfall was not significant. Mutation analysis showed that: in the past 40 years,during the growth and development of flue- cured tobacco in this area,the air temperature and sunshine duration appeared an obvious mutation in the year 1998 and 1985,respectively,while the rainfall did not appear marked mutation.


With the development of database technology and information management system,the combination of them is becoming much closer,and their security is attracting more and more attention. Database application system is kind of application system established with the help of database management system taking database as the basis and the core,consisting of database system,application system and users. It mainly discusses the security problem of B /S based SQL Server database application system. Combined the three layer structure of B /S model,research the security from program,server and database. Application security involves input validation,output coding and session management. Server security involves security protocols,operating system security,firewall technology and anti-SQL injection attacks. Database security techniques include user authentication,access control,data encryption,audit trail,view mechanism and so on.


A disease of citrus characterised by slightly raised spots with chlorotic halo was observed in the citrus orchard of the Soil and Irrigation Research Centre of the University of Ghana, located at Kpong in 2009. Samples of the diseased leaves and fruits were taken and a bacterium isolated and identified using cultural, morphological and polymerase chain reactions with three different sets of species specific primers. The pathogenicity of the bacterium was established using citrus seedlings. The bacterium isolated was found to produce yellow mucoid colonies and the cells were short rods and gram negative. It showed pectolytic activity on potato plugs and was pathogenic to artificially inoculated seedlings. The expected PCR product of 222 bp, 179 bp and 197 bp were obtained in the PCR using the primer pairs 2/3, J-RXg/J-RXC2 and J-pth1/J-pth2 respectively. It was concluded that the bacterium was Xanthomonas campestris pv citri A and the disease was a form of citrus canker. The disease incidence decreased from 100% to 13.3% in six years (2009-2014). Correspondingly, the disease severity declined from 88.3% to 1.7% in six years (2009-2014) without the application of any control measure. It was conjectured that the prevailing microclimate and environmental conditions might have influenced the survival of the pathogen. The practical implications of the findings are discussed and future studies suggested. West African Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 24(2), 2016: 31–44. There is limited information on the incidence of diseases caused by bacteria on citrus in Ghana. Honger et al. (2007) isolated a yel low bacter ium ident if ied as Xanthomonas spp., on citrus using cultural, m o r p h o l o g i c a l a n d b i o c h e m i c a l characterisation. Due to the limitations of the methods used for the diagnosis and the restriction of the disease to the nursery at that time, the disease was simply identified as citrus canker-like disease. Offei et al., (2008) also reported of a Xanthomonas leaf/fruit spot disease of citrus in Ghana. In 2009, a new disease of citrus, characterised by canker symptoms were observed on fruit bearing citrus trees planted at a citrus orchard of the Soil and Irrigation Research Centre (SIREC) of the University of Ghana located in the Coastal Savanna Zone of Ghana. The symptoms of the disease in the field were found not only on the leaves, but on the fruits as well. The infected fruits looked unsightly and most of them, at different stages of development, dropped from the infected trees. The nature of the disease symptoms in the field suggested that the disease could be citrus canker, reported to be caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri (Agrios, 2005; Gabriel, 2000). However, to date, citrus canker disease has not been reported in Ghana. The only diseases on citrus, attributed to Xanthomonas species in Ghana were citrus canker-like disease (Honger et al., 2007) and Xanthomonas leaf/fruit spot (Offei et al., 2008). While the former was found in the nursery, the latter was reported in the field. The latter disease was described as producing lesions on leaves, stems and fruits of citrus trees and leaves and fruits dropped prematurely (Offei et al., 2008). These disease symptoms were similar to what was observed on the citrus trees in the fields at SIREC, except that the raised nature of the spots observed in the SIREC, was not reported by Offei et al. (2008). The raised spot is a critical diagnostic feature for distinguishing between two important diseases on citrus, namely, the citrus bacterial black spot and the citrus canker, both caused by different strains of Xanthomonas campestris (Agrios, 2005; Gottwald and Graham, 2000). Hence the disease observed at SIREC may be different from what was reported by Offei et al. in 2008. On the other hand, citrus diseases such as scab caused by Elsinoe fawcetti and anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides have been reported in Ghana (Honger et al., 2016; Offei et al., 2008) which produce symptoms akin to the disease observed in the field. However, the presence of water soaked margins accompanying the disease symptoms on the leaves and fruits at SIREC is normally associated with citrus canker. It stands to reason that the disease may be a new disease in Ghana and therefore require further studies to elucidate its aetiology and identity. In diagnosis and control of a disease, accurate knowledge of the causative organism is essential. The causal agent of the suspected canker disease at SIREC is unknown, not excepting the incidence and severity of the disease at the time of the commencement of this present study. In view of the limited information about the new disease of citrus observed in the citrus orchards, this research work was carried out to isolate the causative agent and identify it using cultural, biochemical and molecular 32 West African Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 24(2), 2016


Twenty-nine cases (Grade I:6, II:10, III:13) of socket reconstruction by very thin mucosal flaps from the lips are reported. In the majority fibrous contraction seems to be a slowly progressing process and may take place even after surgical rehabilitation.Among the early recontractions we found three patients with congenital anoph-thalmos, two burns, one after a severe car accident and two with orbital and lid damage from war injuries. On the whole, only 50% of our patients were able to wear large- or medium-sized artificial eyes during the follow-up. In severe socket contraction (Grade III) our method was not efficient enough. Long-term results of other techniques are of general interest.


Pulse labelling experiments with [methyl-13C]S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) had previously shown that during the biosynthesis of vitamin B12, the fourth C-methylation site is C-17; new inverted pulse studies show that the remaining four SAM-derived methyl group are introduced in the order 12, 1, 15, 5.


Christopher Wagner, Tathagata Chowdhury, 2 J. H. Pixley, 4 and Kevin Ingersent Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8440, USA Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Strasse 77a, 507937 Köln, Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA Condensed Matter Theory Center and the Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-4111, USA (Dated: October 11, 2018)


When President Clinton convened the National Bioethics Advisory Commission to examine policy options on human cloning, he cited not only matters of "morality" but also "spirituality." His language suggested that there are aspects of cloning that cannot be completely subsumed under an ethics and policy process that gives primacy of place to appeals to procreative autonomy or a risk-benefit methodology; but that instead evoke deeper and substantive matters of human nature, identity, and meaning. Clinton was not alone in this view. A strong scholarly rationale articulated by some NBAC commissioners supported giving serious consideration to religious discussion of human cloning. One cannot, I believe, really understand the current ethical debate without attending to the vigorous disputes among religious scholars when human cloning was first proposed in the mid-1960s as a scientific solution to preserving the endangered species of humanity. Charles Curran, Joseph Fletcher, Bernard Haring, Richard McCormick, and Paul Ramsey, among others, engaged in very probing and substantive arguments about the justifications and boundaries for human cloning that are remarkably prescient for our current situation. Indeed, although the scientific and social context has changed, I do not think the central questions or ethical themes in human cloning are essentially different than those delineated by Fletcher (pro) and Ramsey (con). While many commentators have lamented that cloning is yet another example of how ethics (and law) is continually racing to keep up with scientific research and technology, a review of this history reveals that it is science that has finally caught up with the theological imagination of the 1960s and 1970s. In any event, it reflects an inadequate historical memory to portray human cloning as a new issue in bioethics. The enduring nature of the arguments and themes articulated by these religious thinkers over cloning is characteristic of the "prophetic" voice in bioethics. Prophecy does not necessarily deliver denunciation and critique; it can also function as a historical memory for the broader society, reminding the community of those values constitutive of its common life and its flourishing. Prophetic voices witness to the values that are already embedded in a society's practices and ideology, which may be compromised or in need of reinterpretation in the context of scientific developments. One such cluster of values concerns the moral significance of family, the meaning of parenting, and the ethics of unchosen obligations that are central to familial relationships. A moral commitment to flourishing families is not only central to the life of religious traditions; it is no less fundamental to the life of the community as a whole. The religious interpretations of cloning presented to NBAC functioned as a prophetic historical conscience of the society, enabling the society to remember itself through affirming these basic moral commitments, which stand in striking contrast to the scenarios of single genetic parenting and appeals to procreative autonomy raised by NBAC commissioners and other public speakers. Religious thought reminds society that the moral life cannot be reduced to chosen, contractual relationships, and that prospective parents frequently do not engage in risk-benefit methodologies prior to procreation. A second value that religious thinkers gave prophetic witness to is the dignity of the human person and the corresponding attitude of respectful awe. The achievement of somatic cell mammalian cloning is unquestionably a significant research breakthrough, but testimony on the scientific and philosophical analysis of the prospects for human cloning tended to depersonalization, reducing human beings to valued cells, tissues, and organs. In so doing, the sentiment of awe--which sets boundaries on the manipulation of the person--is diminished or lost. Einstein wrote that the sense of awe and wonder toward the cosmos and the persons who live within it is at the root of both science and religion. …


Resonant tunneling diodes were implemented on Ge quantum dots fabricated using Stranski–Krastanov growth mode on CaF2 matrix, lattice matched to Si(111) substrates. The negative differential conductance and conductance oscillations due to hole resonant tunneling through the zero-dimensional states of Ge quantum dots are clearly observed at room temperature. From the period of conductance oscillations, the energy separations between the states of the quantum dots with different sizes are estimated to be 40–50 meV (i.e., >kT=26 meV at T=300 K).


Previously by selection and inbreeding of Wistar rats susceptible or resistant to the cataractogenic effect of galactose the S and R rat strains were developed as a model of oxidative stress. It was earlier found S rats have elevated level of OH-radical generation and enhanced lipid peroxidation compared with that for R rats. Our data show that superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the blood of S rats are twice lower than corresponding values of R rats. Increased level of disulfides and protein carbonyl groups was obtained in the blood plasma of S-rats. It was found that fluidity of erythrocyte membrane measured by photobleaching method is definitely higher for S rats compared with that for S rats. Similar effect of decreased catalase activity and increased disulfide content has been observed for kyphoscoliosis patients.


Time series of South African temperatures were investigated for temporal and spatial trends for the period 1960 to 2003. For this purpose a total of 26 climate stations were utilized, with each having sufficient data available and not having undergone major moves or changes in exposure that would influence the homogeneity of their data series. The vast majority, a total of 23 stations, showed positive trends in their annual mean maximum temperature series, 13 of them significant, with trends higher for central stations than those closer to the coast. Annual mean minimum temperatures showed 21 stations having positive trends, with 18 significant. Stations not showing significantly positive trends in annual mean minimum temperatures were mostly situated in the central interior. The annual average temperature data series of 24 of the stations showed positive trends, with 18 of them significant. Trends of mean seasonal temperature showed that temperature trends are not consistent throughout the year, with the average trend for autumn showing a maximum and spring a minimum. Monthly trends of average annual temperatures showed large differences in trend between stations, and for each station between months, but similar tendencies in trend between months were found to exist for stations close by and also for groups of stations on a regional basis. Trends in diurnal temperature range are almost equally divided between positive and negative, with the positive trends in the central interior mainly being caused by large positive trends in maximum temperature. It is also shown that, in general, days and nights with relatively high temperatures have increased, while days and nights with relatively low temperatures have decreased. The effects of urbanization on temperature trends are investigated, and the conclusion is that most stations regarded as urban stations are still useful for trend analysis; being situated on the outskirts of cities they are, therefore, not substantially influenced by the urban heat island. El Niño and La Niña events do not seem to play a significant role in the increasing temperatures observed. Copyright © 2004 Royal Meteorological Society


Morphological characteristics of leaf adaxial and abaxial epidermal cells in high-level ABA drought-resistant (lines ZPBL 1304, L-155, and Polj 17) and low-level ABA drought-sensitive (lines ZPL 389, B-432, and F-2) lines of maize were investigated. Lines with higher levels of ABA and/or greater drought resistance had more xeromorphic epidermal cells (smaller cell area, smaller cell length, smaller perimeter) either on both leaf surfaces or on the abaxial leaf surface than lines with lower levels of ABA and/or lower drought resistance. The possible relationship between the size of leaf cells and drought resistance is unclear, although the reduction in cell sizes may contribute to turgor maintenance under water stress conditions, as suggested in the literature.


This article presents the results of a study of concern about crime and fear of crime in an Australian rural community. Previous urban research on this topic, which has established socio-demographic correlates of fear and concern, is reviewed. The limited number of rural studies is discussed and reasons for the significance of "community" in the context of fear and concern in rural research are considered. The results of the study in terms of socio-demographic correlates are consistent with those of previous urban research. Community variables such as community satisfaction, community trust, associational membership, and number of relatives in the area are also significantly linked with concern about crime and fear of crime. The implications of the study's results are discussed.


Within the micromechanical framework,the macroscopic stress is explicitly formulated.Its deviatoric components are decomposed into two components,respectively related to the contact force anisotropy and the fabric anisotropy.A new anisotropic strength criterion is established in terms of micromechanically-based stress components.With reference to the existing micro-macroscopically experimental and theoretical investigations,this study further accounts for the effects of loading manner on hardening law,and reveals the microscopic mechanism of non-coaxiality.This analysis shows that both strength and plastic deformation demonstrate their macroscopic anisotropic behaviors as a result of fabric anisotropy on microscopic level.The strength anisotropy tends to be associated with inherently anisotropic fabric whereas induced plastic anisotropy is associated with the evolution of induced fabric anisotropy in the process of plastic hardening.Under proportional loading,soil displays its isotropic hardening law and coaxial plasticity.Under non-proportional loading,soil demonstrates its isotropic-kinematic hardening law and non-coaxial plasticity.


Abstract A microcell has been constructed for stripping analysis in solution volumes as low as 5 μl, employing a glassy carbon or mercury-plated glassy carbon working electrodes and a three electrode system. Using normal d.c. stripping techniques, as little as 100 picograms of mercury and 10 picograms of lead can be determined. With the more sensitive second harmonic a.c. voltammetric technique, this limit is lowered to 10 picograms of mercury and 1 picogram of lead.


The invention relates to a process for the chromatographic separation of chemical species by means of an ion exchange resin, which can be used in particular for separating the isotopes of uranium, boron and nitrogen. An isotopic exchange is carried out between an isotope of the element attached to an ion exchange resin and another isotope of the element present in a liquid phase in contact with the ion exchange resin. According to the invention, for this exchange, film resins formed from composite grains comprising an inert polymer core and at least one active film layer comprising ion exchange groups are used. The film layer 3 may be arranged around an inert core 1 made for example of polyolefin. The film layer 9 can also line the macropores 7 with a macroporous grain 5 of inert polymer. The resins of Figure 1 can also be used to separate ions.


Mathematical modeling was has been developed for the chain microstructure formation in the synthesis of copolyimides (CPI) by the one-pot high-temperature catalytic polycondensation from two diamines A and B (comonomers) and one dianhydride C (intermonomer) in molten benzoic acid at 140°C accomplished with different regimes of intermonomer loading. The kinetic scheme including the acylation of the amino group of both diamines with the anhydride fragment, decomposition, and imidization of two intermediate amido acid fragments was examined. The kinetic parameters of the acylation and imidization stages necessary for calculations were determined previously in independent experiments. The numerical solution of the system of kinetic equations for different regimes of intermonomer loading gave the calculated dependences of the change in time of the average block length, the current concentrations of amino- and anhydride groups, amido acid fragments (unstable dyads: AC1 and BC1), imide cycles (stable dyads: AC2 and BC2), and triads. The calculated values of the average block length and the chain microheterogeneity parameter (K m = 0.5) for the first three comonomer pairs at gradual intermonomer loading correspond to the multiblock microstructure of the chain. These values are in good agreement with the experimental values obtained from 13C NMR data for CPI based on the indicated diamines and 2,2-propylidenebis(1,4-phenyleneoxy)diphthalic dianhydride.


The consumer/survivor/ex-patient movement contends that individuals diagnosed with mental health conditions are routinely doubted or dismissed when they make claims about their needs, values, and interests. Too many therapists, the claim goes, take a parentalist stance toward their patients. Recent work on expertise shows how some patients can acquire competence with their medical condition sufficient for sophisticated participation in management of their care; that is, they can become "patient experts." This chapter argues that many psychotherapy patients can become patient experts and, thereby, benefit from robust shared decision making (SDM). In these cases, attitudes of distrust and protectionism can lead to the moral failure of epistemic injustice, thereby harming both the patient and the therapeutic relationship. Drawing on recent literature on epistemic injustice, SDM, and expertise from epistemology, the authors contend that the success of SDM relies largely on the therapist's appreciation of the varying types and degrees of expertise and epistemic advantage involved in decision making.


The cultivation of vegetables in greenhouses requires seedlings produced in nurseries with high levels of practice specialisation. The nurseries are dedicated to the early stages of growth, from sowing to the first leaves. There, the seeding density and the hydro-climatic conditions favour diseases. Plant protection treatments are carried out with the use of low-cost machines, whose efficiencies and safety conditions depend on the workers' ability. The irrigation system with a mechanised horizontal spray boom could be an alternative solution to the hand-held spray gun. This research aimed to investigate the use of a horizontal boom sprayer for the distribution of pesticides in different pressure conditions and forward speeds compared with a spray gun, in relation to tomato growth stages. The tests were carried out on tomato seedlings grown in polystyrene seeding boxes and arranged on hanging benches. Deposits on the seedlings (µL cm−2) and losses in the soil (µL cm−2) were assessed by means of standard colorimetric analysis. In order to reduce the environmental pollution and increase the sustainability of the treatments, the pressure at the horizontal spray boom should be reduced and the arrangement of the outermost nozzles may also be better set on the boom.


【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the expression of AKT / mTOR (Protein kinase B / mammalian target of rapamycin) signal pathway in laryngeal squamous cell cancer and the relationship between the expression with the clinical and pathological factors in laryngeal cancer. 【Method】 The expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR in laryngeal cancer (84 cases), paracancer (24 cases) and normal mucosa tissues (20 cases) were measured by immunohistochemical test, and then their relationship with clinical and pathological factors were analyzed. 【Result】 The expression of p-AKT in laryngeal cancer, paracancer and normal mucosa tissues were 78.3%, 29.2%, and 25%, respectively. And the expression of p-mTOR were 76.4%, 50%, and 20%, respectively. The expression of AKT / mTOR signal pathway decreased gradually in these specimens. The expression of p- AKT and p-mTOR in laryngeal cancer were positively relative. Furthermore, the expression of this signal pathway was negatively associated with the pathological differentiation degree. 【Conclusion】 AKT / mTOR signal pathway over expressed in most of laryngeal cancer. It may play an important role in occurrence and development of laryngeal cancer.


A species of Torreya in Taxaceae is newly recorded in Hunan Province,namely Torreya jackii Chun. Its specimen was collected among rock bush forest nearby sharp river in Jiqing Township of Xinhua county of Hunan Province In January 7,2015,and was deposited in Herbarium of Hunan Province Forest Botanical Garden.


Understanding the degradation of graphite anodes plays a major role in the improvement of Li-ion batteries. Herein, we used the nondestructive character of lock-in thermography (LIT) to investigate the aging of graphite anodes in pouch cells. The aged cells show a typical ring pattern in lock-in thermography images, which can be explained by the help of Raman spectroscopy. We attribute this pattern to the different contact due to the formation of a gas during operation, which also leads to inhomogeneous degradation of the graphite electrode. Finally, we demonstrate the detection of two-dimensional variances on the sub-mm scale in the composition of the graphite anodes in pouch cells by LIT. For this purpose, we combined LIT measurements with Raman spectroscopy mapping to link differences in the heat emission to those in the structure of the graphite.


Promptly increasing the saturation level of renewable energy has executed new tasks to the operation of power systems. Incompetence or inability of these resources in providing inertial, primary and secondary frequency responses is one of the significant challenges. In this paper, the proposed method of Branch and Bound algorithm controls the problem of frequency deviation within the limit using the IEEE six bus systems. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem which is solved efficiently by available commercial solvers. Then the Branch and Bound technique is applied in the solver. The result indicates of proposed method that the frequency is controlled within the limit in wind/thermal power generation into power systems.


We develop a theory of bank information sharing, highlighting the interactions between credit and labor markets. A better-informed relationship bank competes with a less informed foreign bank for borrowers under asymmetric information about borrowers' creditworthiness. Credit market competition triggers competition for the relationship bank's loan officers, who possess valuable information about the borrowers' creditworthiness. The relationship bank can share credit information to soften the labor market competition, despite intensifying the credit market competition. When labor market mobility is moderate, information sharing emerges as the optimal strategy of the relationship bank.


This paper presents the results of research based on real data taken from the installation process at Arcelor Mittal Hunedoara. Using Matlab Simulink an intelligent system is made that takes in data from the process and makes real time adjustments in the rate of flow of the cooling water and the speed of casting that eliminates fissures in the poured material from the secondary cooling of steel. Using Matlab Simulink simulation environment allowed for qualitative analysis for various real world situations. Thus, compared to the old method of approach for the problem of cracks forming in the crust of the steel in the continuous casting, this new method, proposed and developed, brings safety and precision in this complex process, thus removing any doubt on the existence or non-existence of cracks and takes the necessary steps to prevent and correct them.


Objective To investigate the change and correlation of nitric oxide (NO) level in peripharal blood of simple systole hypertension patients.Methods NO level was measured in peripheral blood in 78 patients with simple systole hypertension and 16 healthy subjects as control group.Results The concentration of NO in hypertension patient was (46.4±7.8)μg/ml and (56.2±7.8)μg/ml in class Ⅰ,(48.5±11.4)μg/ml in class Ⅱ,(34.7±13.2)μg/ml in class Ⅲ respectively and (57.7±8.7)μg/ml in control group.Conclusion Simple systole hypertension is a factor which may cause the disfunction of vascular endothelial,the higher blood stress is,the more serere damage of vascular endothelial function will be.


Objective
To compare and analyze the clinical effects of laparoscopic total extraperitoneal hernia repair (TEP) and transabdominal preperitoneal hernia repair (TAPP) in the treatment of inguinal hernia.

Methods
94 patients with inguinal hernia treated in Panzhihua City Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from May 2016 to January 2018 were selected, and divided into the experiment group and the control group according to the different operation method, with 47 cases in each group. The experiment group underwent TEP operation, and the control group underwent TAPP operation. The clinical relevant indicators and postoperative pain of the two groups were compared, and the postoperative complications occurrence rate and recurrence rate of the two groups were counted.

Results
The operation time in the experiment group (52.38±9.76) minutes were significantly shorter than that in the control group (67.41±10.36) minutes; the amount of occult hernia on the contralateral side in the experiment group was significantly less than that of the control group (1/47 vs 14/47, P 0.05). The VAS scores of the two groups showed a downward trend from before operation to 2 weeks after operation (P 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the complications occurrence rate and recurrence rate (11.11% vs 13.33%; 0 vs 2.13%, P>0.05).

Conclusion
Both of the two types of operation have advantages and disadvantages. In clinical practice, it is necessary to select the appropriate one according to the specific situation of the patients to ensure the effect of operation.

Key words:
Hernia, inguinal; Herniorrhaphy; Laparoscopes


In order to study the seismic wave attenuation characteristics of complex plate tectonics in and around the Kanto Basin, based on the focal mechanism and Slab1.0 model, the research area is divided into four regions. The one-step non-parametric generalized inversion technique was used to analyze the seismic wave attenuation characteristics of each region separately. The results show that the seismic path attenuation of earthquakes occurring in the shallow crust (Reg.1) is weak, and the seismic wave refraction at the crust–mantle boundary leads to almost no attenuation over a long hypocentral distance (>60 km), the frequency–dependent inelastic attenuation is also weak with the 0.5–20 Hz quality factor Q = 92.33f1.87. The seismic path attenuation of the upper mantle earthquakes occurring in the Kanto Basin (Reg.2) is strong, and the attenuation curve decreases with the increase of hypocentral distance, which is approximately parallel to the geometric diffusion R−2.0, the frequency–dependent inelastic attenuation is stronger with the quality factor Q = 27.75f1.08. The seismic path attenuation of subduction zone earthquakes (Reg.3 and Reg.4) is more obvious in the high–frequency band and has a frequency correlation, indicating that the attenuation of subduction zone earthquakes includes more inelastic attenuation. The frequency–dependent inelastic attenuation Q of Reg.3 and Reg.4 are 52.58f0.95 and 58.07f0.89, respectively.


1.2kV 4H-SiC MOSFETs with different junction depths of JFET and P-well regions were fabricated. For each JFET/P-well depth combination, channel lengths and JFET widths were also varied to compare specific on-resistance, breakdown voltage, and short-circuit withstand time. It was discovered that deep JFET structure provides low specific on-resistance (12% lower) with high breakdown voltage. On the other hand, MOSFETs with deep P-well result in high breakdown voltage with low leakage current even in shorter channel length (0.4 $\mu$ m). Moreover, trade-off relationship between Ron,sp and short-circuit withstand time is discussed for MOSFETs with different JFET widths and channel lengths; the deep JFET implant provides better trade-off relationship due to the feasibility of narrow JFET width. For the further improvement of trade-off relationship, MOSFETs with deep JFET and P-well implant are proposed. Lastly, the importance of high channel mobility for not only static characteristics but also short-circuit characteristics was investigated. The in-depth understanding of measured electrical characteristics was supported by 2D-device simulations.


It is researched the effect of digital phase shifter quantization errors on the phase center of phased array antenna in the paper.Firstly,the method of calculating phase center of phased array antenna is presented.The phase center of phased array antenna can be calculated accurately according to the phase distribution at far field.Secondly,the simulation based on the proposed method is carried out on a example array with 5digital phase shifter,and the variation of the phase center on different scan angles is acquired.The calculating results indicate the digital phase shifter quantization errors of the phased array antenna can make an obvious effect on its phase center,moreover,the effect is closely related to the phase shifter digit and scan angle.The conclusion can be used in designing of high-precision phased array antenna.


hagiographic ascetic piety in the The presented is carried out in the vein of a secular religious studies paradigm, is not guided by the of considers it as a phenomenon of self-consciousness of the Christian At the same time, the methodology of the study is strongly different from the scientistic view of mythology, which reduces its meaning to inventions, and whose data are contrary to science. It is stated that hagiographic narratives correlate with spiritual culture and are interpreted by the ascetic projection of a person's attitude to life in the values of the Christian tradition. elite, 2) the value of the axiological and semiotic mechanisms of the formation of ascetic discourse in the monuments of Orthodox literature, 3) the value of the ideological apologetics of Christian asceticism, 4) the value of the mechanism for regulating the Christian way of life.


In this paper we present Talea, a platform aimed at supporting the development of web-based e-business applications. Talea supports a flexible matching between service provision and request. The platform can be easily customized thanks to XML-based communication, Semantic Web technologies, and the exploitation of a generator/performer design pattern which greatly simplifies the task of adding new functionality. Moreover, Talea provides multidevice access to both service providers and final users. An ontological description of the application domain, expressed in RDF/RDFS format, is exploited in order to facilitate the customization and to provide personalized navigation as well as semantic-based search. The ontology-driven personalized navigation is particularly useful for limited display devices (like smartphones or PDAs), since it reduces the amount of information displayed. A first evaluation of the current prototype is planned with a restricted number of users and will be carried on by the Local Tourist Organization.


One of the problems we face in clinical research is the false-positive results that emerge from exploratory analyses, which occur in the midst of a multitude of comparisons. With increasing computational power and the availability of existing data, we have the potential to examine data until we find intriguing results. Such work can provide information for future studies and support the development of hypotheses or refine prior estimates. However, the potential weaknesses of the data may not be readily apparent to the reader unless the genesis of the results is properly disclosed. Was the research question fixed at the outset, or did it emerge from nonprotocolized analyses? Were the investigators surprised by the results, or did the findings confirm expectations they may have had from the outset?

Most articles do not detail the history of the methods. Studies that appear to have been developed in a forward progression from idea to analytic plan to results may actually have been constructed backward, from results derived from undirected analyses …


This notice of construction (NOC) provides information regarding the source and the estimated annual possession quantity resulting from the operation of the Hot Conditioning System Annex (HCSA). This information will be discussed again in the Phase II NOC, providing additional details on emissions generated by the operation of the HCSA. This Phase I NOC is defined as construct in the substructure, including but limited to, pouring the concrete for the floor; construction of the process pits and exterior walls; making necessary interface connections to the Canister Storage Building (CSB) ventilation and utility systems for personnel comfort; and extending the multi-canister over-pack (MCO) handling machine rails into the HCSA. A Phase II NOC will be submitted for approval prior to installation and is defined as the completion of the HCSA, which will consist of installation of Hot Conditioning System Equipment (HCSA), air emissions control equipment, and emission monitoring equipment. About 80 percent of the U.S. Department of Energy`s spent nuclear fuel (SNF) inventory is stored under water in the Hanford Site K Basins. Spent nuclear fuel in the K West Basin is contained in closed canisters, while the SNF in the K East Basin is contained in open canisters, which allow free release of corrosion products to the K East Basin water. Storage in the K Basins was originally intended to be on an as-needed basis to sustain operation of the N Reactor while the Plutonium-Uranium Extraction (PUREX) Plant was refurbished and restarted. The decision in December 1992 to deactivate the PUREX Plant left approximately 2,300 MT (2,530 tons) of N Reactor SNF in the K Basins with no means for near-term removal and processing. The HCSA will be constructed as an addition to the CSB and will contain the HCSA. The hot conditioning system (HCS) will remove chemically-bound water and will passivate the exposed uranium surfaces associated,with the SNF. The HCSA will house seven hot conditioning process stations, six operational and one auxiliary pit, which could be used as a welding area for final sealing of the vessel containing the SNF, or for neutron interrogation of the vessel containing the SNF to determine residual water content. Figures 1 and 2 contain map locations of the Hanford Site and the HCSA. `Response to Requirement` subtitle under each of the following sections identifies the corresponding Appendix A NOC application requirement listed under WAC 246-247-1 10.


Li4Ti5O12 has received great attention as an anode material in Li-ion batteries due to its "zero strain" characteristics in lithium insertion/removla process and thereby the excellent cycleability. The potential for Liinsertion is about 1.5 V vs. Li, which is above the reduction potential of most electrolytes or solvent, which makes Li4Ti5O12 a promising anode material of Li-ion batteries for safety concerns [1]. Unfortunately, Li4Ti5O12 exhibits a poor electronic conductivity, which limits its rate-capability [2, 3]. Doping with aliovent elements has the possibility to improve the electronic conductivity of Li4Ti5O12 by the generation of mixed Ti/Ti valence in it [4,5]. In this work, Cu was introduced into the Li-site of Li4Ti5O12 with the aim of improving the electronic conductivity via the generation of n-type semiconductor. Li4-xCuxTi5O12 was synthesized by solid state reaction in Ar atomsphere. The effect of Cu content on its rate-capability was investigated using Li/1 M LiPF6 in EC + DMC mixture / Li4-xCuxTi5O12 experimental cell by measuring delivered capacities at different current densities and the Li-ion diffusion coefficients (DLi) of Li4xCuxTi5O12.


The mithun breeding bulls are vaccinated against foot and mouth disease as a regular prophylacticmeasure. There are various reports of harmful effects of vaccination on the seminal parameters and its quality incattle and buffalo. But no proper report in mithun species. However, the available reports are conflicting aboutthe quality of semen due to vaccination in cattle.


In this study, we aimed to determine Cypriot primary mathematics teachers' perspectives and lived experiences during the transition to emergency remote teaching (ERT) in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. An in-depth online survey combining closed-ended and open-ended questions was administered to sixty-two (n = 62) educators teaching mathematics in public primary schools during the first lockdown in spring, 2020. The data from closed-ended questions were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, whereas, for the open-ended questions, a thematic analysis approach was employed. Our findings provide useful insights regarding teachers' self-reported technology backgrounds and levels of instruction regarding the use of technology in mathematics prior to the pandemic, as well their level of preparedness for ERT and the main challenges they faced in implementing ERT of mathematics. Our findings also indicate teachers' levels of satisfaction with their ERT practices and their beliefs concerning the extent of achievement of the curriculum learning objectives through ERT, and how these varied based on teachers' self-reported levels of familiarity with technology, their self-reported levels of preparedness for teaching at a distance, and their engagement (or non-engagement) in synchronous instruction during ERT. Teachers' suggestions, based on their experiences from the lockdown period, regarding how to transform mathematics teaching and learning in the post-COVID-19 era are also presented.


Traditions play a unique role in the culture of student life. They have the potential to teach students about the history of their institution, provide a means of building community, instill common values that span generations of students, and generate pride and enthusiasm. However, there can also be negative qualities associated with college traditions. As certain rituals become ingrained in a university's culture, it may become increasingly difficult to recognize the risks that some traditions pose to health and safety, requiring university officials to take appropriate action to correct them. Similarly, as campus populations become increasingly diverse, traditions that fail to create an inclusive environment for historically marginalized students must change as well. For the sake of correcting, strengthening, and preserving these rituals and all the positive contributions they have to offer, today's practitioners must also recognize the faults within them. This article will study the development of college traditions before focusOn November 18, 1999, 12 people were killed and 27 injured when the tower of logs they had erected collapsed, crushing the victims underneath. This tragedy took place on the campus of Texas A&M University, where students had been preparing for "Bonfire," an annual tradition nearly 90 years old. As a result of tragedies like this, some critics oppose campus traditions. Yet, traditions have long played an instrumental role on college campuses through their ability to build community, connect students with the heritage of their alma mater, and develop institutional pride. The question facing many administrators today is what should be done about traditions that marginalize or put students at risk. This article offers student affairs professionals suggestions for ways campus traditions may be preserved and strengthened, thus improving their school's community.


The moisture content is important to produce quality and optimum production conditions for sinter mixture processing. The standing wave method of microwave is used to measure sinter mixture moisture and a helpful conclusion is advanced. The measurement of standing wave could realize by the determination of standing wave maximum value at stable position through a large amount of experiments and detecting device could be decreased largely. This makes the standing wave method feasible in moisture measurement.


The invention relates to the field of heat energy and power, and particularly discloses a double-stage jet refrigerating system capable of utilizing waste heat of an internal combustion engine. The double-stage jet refrigerating system comprises a cooling water channel of the internal combustion engine, an exhaust heat exchanger, a heat exchanger of the cooling water channel, a jet pump and an attached jet pump A. A heated liquid channel, an attached heated liquid channel A and a heating liquid channel are formed in the heat exchanger of the cooling water channel, and the cooling water channel of the internal combustion engine, the exhaust heat exchanger, the heat exchanger of the cooling water channel, the jet pump and the attached jet pump A are communicated with one another. The double-stage jet refrigerating system has the advantages of simple structure and low manufacturing cost.


Introduction: Right heart catheterization (RHC) is routinely performed to assess hemodynamics. Generally, anticoagulants are held prior to the procedure. At our center, anticoagulants are continued...