The paper presents results on the intensity of heat and mass transfer during boiling of viscous liquids in a heated channel on the example of distillation of vegetable oil miscella. For the first time, local characteristics of heat transfer along the channel length were obtained for miscella containing linoleic sunflower oil. The values of the heat transfer coefficients are 100–250 W/m2·K. The mechanism of mass and energy transfer in the active working zone of the heated channel is described. The choice of the channel length with a diameter of 30 mm depending on the input mass concentration of vegetable oil in the misсella is justified: up to 60–70% no more than 1500–2000 mm, above 60–70% up to 4000–6000 mm. An experimental study of the formation in miscella of an oil-rich layer near heated surface is carried out. We think the thickness may be 0.3–0.4 microns. Dependences are obtained and a simple formula for calculating the thickness of this layer is proposed. The relationship between the hydrodynamic environment and the intensity of heat exchange along the length of the channel is established. The best mode is the bubble mode of the two-phase flow.


The present invention relates to communications technologies, and in particular relates to a digital content right to read the control method, apparatus and system for the digital book service node receives contents information service node sends a subset of the digital content information includes the digital content and digital content read permissions, book a service node and the child nodes are operational through the root service node certified child service nodes; root service node sends an authentication request to carry digital content information to verify the legality of digital content information; when the verification results is legitimate, parsing the digital content information, access to digital content and the rights to read digital content; when the verification result is not legitimate, clear digital content information. Use embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for reading digital content, device and system rights, ensure that the digital content can be read at a right not to be tampered with, the release of the sub service node having the right to read the digital content features.


The effect of a new muscle relaxant, pancuronium bromide, on the pulse rate and blood pressure was studied. The results confirm the findings of a moderate increase in pulse rate and blood pressure noted in animals and suggested in a previous paper.


It is not often that archaeological work can be specifically related to ethnographically known sites. It is less often that one can discuss specific rock art from both an ethnographic and an archaeological standpoint. Teddy Bear Cave (as it has been known for 30 years) may be one such site. It contains rock art, has been investigated archaeologically, and is noted in the ethnographic literature. The site appears to have been important in Kawaiisu mythology and the rock art may be related to Kawaiisu myth.


The vibrational spectrum of carbon monoxide at the Pt/acetonitrile interface as a function of applied potential has been investigated using the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy technique. The electrolyte is 0.1 M LiClO4. The bands observed at ca. 506 and 2055 cm-1 are attributed to the platinum−CO (νPt-C) and intramolecular C−O (νC-O) stretching vibrations, respectively, suggesting linearly adsorbed CO on platinum. The νPt-C band has an experimental Stark tuning rate of −4 cm-1/V, while the slope of νC-O band frequency versus potential approaches zero before the onset of electro-oxidation of COads, possibly resulting from low surface coverage of CO on platinum. The roughened Pt electrode surface has a high electrocatalytic activity, on which CO electro-oxidation occurs at ca. −0.7 V (vs Ag/Ag+). The main product of COads oxidation is confirmed to be carbonate due to the existence of trace water in the double-layer region as a source of oxygen for the reaction. It has also been found that the solvent ac...


Bile duct injury is a known complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) ranging in incidence from 0.3% to 2%. Bile duct injuries range in severity from minor leaks from the cystic duct stump to complete transection of the common bile duct (CBD). Cholangiography is the standard method to diagnose bile duct injury. Here we describe a patient with CBD transection in whom magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) was nondiagnostic and the diagnosis was made initially by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and confirmed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). A 68-year-old woman with acute cholecystitis underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.There was persistent bile discharge from the operatively placed drainage tube. Laboratory tests showed mild elevation in serum transaminases and alkaline phosphatase. An MRCP was carried out; however, it did not disclose the cause of bile discharge but suggested the presence of a CBD stone. The patient was referred to our center, and underwent EUS with a linear array echoendoscope (Pentax, Hitachi, Japan). There was a round non-shadowing filling defect consistent with a sludge ball in the distal CBD. The middle part of the CBD was observed to be completely cut off with a hyperechoic object. This was consistent with complete transection of the CBD and placement of a surgical clip on the CBD (Fig. 1a,b, and Video 1). Subsequent ERCP confirmed the EUS findings and showed complete cut off of the CBD (Fig. 2). The patient underwent successful hepaticojejunostomy. She has remained asymptomatic after 5 months of follow up. MRCP is an excellent diagnostic modality to diagnose bile duct damage after LC. However, MRCP is subject to various pitfalls. In our patient, MRCP was inconclusive possibly due to lack of patient cooperation. Here we describe the diagnosis of CBD transection with EUS.We thus inferred that bile duct clipping was the cause of this patient's continuous discharge. Subsequent ERCP confirmed the EUS finding in this patient. EUS has been used to visualize and drain biloma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy; however, to our knowledge, this is the first report of the diagnosis of CBD transection with EUS. We suggest EUS might be incorporated in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected biliary damage after LC.


The thesis analyzes the challenges that Ningbo dialect encounters and sorts out the possible reasons,on basis of which,the protective strategies are put forward.The application field of Ningbo dialect must be guaranteed,and we should expand and develop the cultural and social function and enhance the transformation of theoretical studies to social application.


In this proposed system, a two speed modified radix-4 booth multiplier algorithm with different adder configurations are implemented for the applications like digital signal processing, digital filters and other neural networks. This multiplier is a modified version of a n-bit serial multiplier which performs booth multiplication algorithm which adds the nonzero computations and skips all other all-zero all-one computations. The datapath of the multiplier is partitioned into two subcircuits operating with two different critical paths which includes a control circuit for operating skipping and a combinational circuit for multiplication. Various adder configurations are utilized in this two speed multiplier and compared in terms of speed by propagation delay and area by number of slice LUTs. The proposed multiplier is designed using verilog HDL and evaluated on Xilinx ISE 14.7 Simulator.


Landy, Vance, Barnes-Farrell, and Steele (1980) have presented a technique for statistically controlling halo error in ratings by partial correlation procedures. Various writers (Harvey, 1982; Hulin, 1982; Murphy, 1982) have pointed out what they perceive to be deficiencies in Landy et al.'s technique. Landy, Vance, and Barnes-Farrell (1982) have responded to these criticisms, concluding that their technique produces dimensions which, while not appropriate for administrative purposes, do have "several legitimate uses" (for example, test validation). The focus of this paper is to suggest that it is unlikely that dimensions derived from partial correlation techniques will be useful for even the specialized purposes which Landy et al. describe.


Thank you very much for downloading mathematics for economists an integrated approach. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this mathematics for economists an integrated approach, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their computer.


In this article, we present a quantized classical-like wave equation. It is obtained by considering the equivalence between the Hamilton-Jacobi eq. (which belongs to the usual manifold R 3 � R of General Relativity), with our two spinor versions of the Dirac eq. (which belongs to the associated complex manifold CC). In which the electron is considered as a particle-like entity, instead of the usual wave-like interpretation of standard Quantum Mechanics. We also consider the transformation properties between the two manifolds through the corresponding groups O(3,1) and SU(2), but we assume a flat Minkowsky space as the background space. We made an illustrative application to the rather standard problem of the hydrogen and helium atoms. We propose a variational extension of the approach, through a Hylleraas-like computational method, to take into account a many electron problem too futurely. V C 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 111: 1361-1369, 2011


The chemical composition of the Kew cultivar of Indian pineapple (Ananas cosmosus L.) was studied after 65 days (pre-mature), 100 days (early mature), and 150 days (late-mature) from flowering. The fruit was analysed for sugars, amino acids and minerals. Total soluble carbohydrates increased from 6.02 to 9.24%, and protein content decreased from 0.69 to 0.21%, during the fruit-development process. The vitamin C content decreased from 20.4 to 11.1 mg 100 g−1 edible fruit during development. Fructose, glucose and sucrose together constituted approximately 5.0% (pre-mature), 2.4% (early mature), and 1.2% (late-mature) of fresh weight. The contents of iron, boron and zinc increased during development. The major minerals in the mature fruit were potassium (31.33 mg 100 g−1), phosphorus (3.13 mg 100 g−1), calcium (3.92 mg 100 g−1), sodium (2.63 mg 100 g−1), iron (3.22 mg 100 g−1), zinc (0.55 mg 100 g−l), and copper (0.06 mg 100 g−1) of fresh sample. The content of most amino acids decreased during development; only aspartic acid showed a considerable increase in the late-mature fruit.


In the coming two decades, German industry must make a transformation to renewable energies in order to achieve its climate targets. In order to analyze this transformation in energy system models, the industrial electricity and heat demand must be available in a high temporal and sectoral resolution. To date, this is not the case due to a lack of open source data. In this paper, a methodology for modeling synthetic industrial load profiles for electricity and heat is described and applied to 14 industrial sectors. The generation of the electric profiles is based on normalized load profiles for eight electric end-use applications and for five different day types. The profiles are then further refined using base and peak load factors, which are calculated by real load data. The final daily profiles are then assembled into an annual profile and can be scaled by the total annual energy demand. In the last step a fluctuation range is calculated from real load data and applied to the synthetic load profile as white noise. The normalised total load profile of the thermal heat demand equals the one from the electrical, whereas the total demand is subdivided according to five temperature levels.


The article summarizes the experience of training masters of mathematics for organizing and conducting Mathematics Olympiads for schoolchildren. The purpose of the article is to characterize and summarize the methodological features of the training masters of mathematics for the organization of Mathematics Olympiads for schoolchildren. Among the research methods used, the following were decisive: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical sources for the theoretical justification of the highlighted problem, modeling, and synthesis of the obtained data. Conclusions. Various possibilities of implementing such training have been analysed by the authors, taking into account the realities of the current state of the educational system of Ukraine. The methodical features of teaching master's students in mathematics to solving and creating mathematics olympiad problems and discrete subjects for schoolchildren are considered in the article. The benefit of the article is that the numerous examples of the implementation of the «to solve a problem – to replicate problems» approach proposed by the authors are presented, and the methodological expediency of its use in the educational process is substantiated. Conclusions. The authors have singled out the promising directions for further research in this field: the creation of appropriate educational and methodological support for the implementation of the approach «learning to solve a problem - learning to replicate problems» within the framework of other content lines of the course «Mathematics Olympiads problems: creation and solution» in the training of masters in mathematics (logical, stochastic, cryptographic, etc.) at pedagogical higher education institutions; the implementation of elements of this approach to the system of practicing teachers professional development the acquaintance high school students who study mathematics in depth with the relevant methods. The indisputable interest is in the creation of masters' practice-oriented developments, as the part of their educational and research work, aimed at other aspects of the school mathematics education fundamentalization.


1. Introduction 2. Export pricing under imperfect competition 3. Export price, learning, and domestic demand disturbances 4. Foreign market structure, export price, and profitability 5. Competitive advantage and export performance 6. Entry into European and US manufacturing industries 7. Strategic interactions in cross-market entry 8. Response of foreign rivals to Japanese competition 9. Concentrated entry and exit in US manufacturing 10. Conclusions 11. Implications.


We investigate low-temperature transport properties of thin TiN superconducting films, which differ in the degree of disorder. In zero magnetic field, we find an extremely sharp separation between superconducting- and insulating phases, demonstrating a direct superconductor-insulator transition without an intermediate metallic phase. Temperature- and magnetic field behaviors of the resistance reveal an insulating trend in the superconducting films and a superconducting trend in insulating films. The conductivity of the insulating films is thermally activated. A sharp depinning threshold voltage V_T is observed in the I-V curves at very low temperatures. These observations suggest a distinct collective state with localized Cooper pairs to form in the critical region of the transition.


In this issue (page 267) Dervin and associates have studied an area of concern to many practising surgeons: the ability for us to examine and document changes in patients with respect to osteoarthritis of the knee. In general, we base our intent to operate on the results of a combination of the patient's history and findings on physical examination. Therefore, it is appropriate to examine the ability to use the results of physical examination when performed by different individuals — and the results as stated in this paper are not encouraging. Dervin and associates found little correlation among surgeons or fellows with respect to their ability to diagnose unstable meniscal injuries in the osteoarthritic knee. Does this mean that we should stop performing physical examination when research shows that we do not get good interrator reliability? I think that the answer is a qualified no. The qualifications relate to the other factors that can influence the ability of individuals to perform competent and specific examinations. First, physical examination is learned by repetition, hence the use of the Observed Structured Clinical Examination for medical students to ensure that physical examinations are done thoroughly and in a standard fashion. This skill is as important as are technical surgical skills in training the surgeon, and as trainers we must demonstrate that we all perform a physical examination in a specific way. The second point relates to experience. We tend to discount the ability that a more experienced surgeon brings to the patient. Accurate physical examinations are improved as a result of experience. Can we state that the more subtle changes in the physical examination are detected by physicians and fellows to the same degree? Fellows are really still in training to a higher skill level, and that training will be further developed by the constant practice of good physical examinations during the first 5 to 10 years of practice. We need to look at the skill sets that experienced surgeons bring to the table. The late Dr. Apley 1 had a


In the 1960s and 1970s leading historians—R. R. Palmer, Eric Hobsbawm, David Brion Davis--began speaking of an "Age of Revolution" extending from late eighteenth to the mid nineteenth centuries. The idea has recently been revived, but with a difference. The earlier generation focused almost exclusively on revolutions in Europe and North America. Today's scholars have extended their sights to the broader Atlantic world, giving prominence to revolutions in Haiti and Latin America. They are more inclined to trace the connections between the Age of Revolution and the Age of Emancipation. This is a reading course that reviews some of the classic works in the field before moving on to some of the most recent scholarship on the American, French, Haitian, and Latin American revolutions, as well as the Revolutions of 1848 and the American Civil War.


Probability is an important content in middle school mathematics curriculum.The concept of probability is the core among its knowledge.The research showed:prospective teachers lack deep understanding about the definition of probability,and have superficial understanding about random events,and exist other errors like possibility bias,simple compound method and linear illusion.Therefore,the college mathematics education should adjust the course positioning,apply manifold teaching methods,and improve the students' evaluation.


Augmented Reality (AR) is the evolution of the concept of Virtual Reality (VR). Its goal is to enhance a person's perception of the surrounding world. Augmented reality techniques are often applied to facilitate understanding and create attractive educational and health tools. As such, augmented reality is deemed suitable to be implemented as one of the potential intervention methods as the treatment of autism in a fun environment. Hence, this study is aimed to develop a conceptual framework to design augmented reality applications based on object function to help in the communication of children with autism. The study framework will be developed based on vision-based object recognition. Object recognition has been used in many applications, especially in bio-imaging, industrial inspection, and robotic vision. The findings of this study will benefit autistic children in visual communication and indirectly help them to effectively link objects with their functions. This framework will then help designers to develop augmented reality applications suited to be an intervention tool that fits the need of autistic children.


Chronic Kidney disease (CKD), a slow and late-diagnosed disease, is one of the most important problems of mortality rate in the medical sector nowadays. Based on this critical issue, a significant number of men and women are now suffering due to the lack of early screening systems and appropriate care each year. However, patients' lives can be saved with the fast detection of disease in the earliest stage. In addition, the evaluation process of machine learning algorithm can detect the stage of this deadly disease much quicker with a reliable dataset. In this paper, the overall study has been implemented based on four reliable approaches, such as Support Vector Machine (henceforth SVM), AdaBoost (henceforth AB), Linear Discriminant Analysis (henceforth LDA), and Gradient Boosting (henceforth GB) to get highly accurate results of prediction. These algorithms are implemented on an online dataset of UCI machine learning repository. The highest predictable accuracy is obtained from Gradient Boosting (GB) Classifiers which is about to 99.80% accuracy. Later, different performance evaluation metrics have also been displayed to show appropriate outcomes. To end with, the most efficient and optimized algorithms for the proposed job can be selected depending on these benchmarks.


Of paramount interest to art historians and archaeologists was the appointment in August, 1943, at the suggestion of the President, of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in Europe, under the auspices of the State Department. The problem created by war in this particular field had already been widely recognized. In January, 1943, the American Council of Learned Societies provided for the formation of a Committee on Protection of Cultural Treasures in War Areas. Its first full meeting was held in June, 1943, and active work began early in July. During the spring of 1943, a subcommittee of the American Defense-Harvard Group was already functioning in the preparation for Army use of lists of monuments and cultural repositories in the war areas. Several national and civic institutions are actively collaborating in the endeavor; these include the Library of Congress, the National Archives, the Smithsonian Institution, the Frick Art Reference Library and the...


Intervention Infants were stratified by gestation ( < 28 wk and >28 wk) and hospital of care and allocated between the 7th and 10th day after birth to a Portage group (n = 116), parent advisor group (n = 106), or control group (n = 106). Portage involved detailed developmental teaching by trained research nurses and introduced the parent to aspects of their child's developmental progress. The parent advisor group received seminars and individual and group work from research nurses using a supportive counselling model to control for the support aspect of Portage. Both interventions were delivered as home visits, weekly at first and decreasing to monthly by 2 years.


The reactions of 1 CH 2 (a 1 A 1 ) in its vibrational ground state ( 1 CH 2 (υ = 0)) and with single excited bending mode ( 1 CH 2 (υ = 1)) with the reactants H 2 O (1), D 2 O (2) and HCl (3) were investigated with a LIF apparatus under quasistationary and first order conditions. 1 CH 2 was produced via ketene photolysis at 308 nm ( 1 CH 2 (υ = 0) and 1 CH 2 (υ = 1)) and at 336 nm (only 1 CH 2 (υ = 0)). The evaluation of the kinetic data of 1 CH 2 (υ = 0) gave different results for both wavelength. At λ = 336 nm obtained rate constants were in general higher compared to those at λ = 308 nm. The measurements at λ = 308 nm therefore seem to be influenced by secondary processes and they do not give the 'real rate constant'. 1 CH 2 (υ = 1) reacts faster with all three investigated reactants than 1 CH 2 (υ = 0) does. Vibrational deactivation with unusual high rate constants may explain these different reactivities of 1 CH 2 (υ = 0) and 1 CH 2 (υ = 1), but can only in part explain differences for the two 1 CH S (υ = 0) measurements. The following rate constants were measured at T = 295 K (in cm 3 .mol -1 .s -1 ) : k 1 ( 1 CH 2 (υ = 0)) = (1.45±0,1).10 14 , k 1 ( 1 CH 2 (υ = 1))=(2.3±0.2).10 14 , k 2 ( 1 CH 2 (υ = 0))1,1.10 14 , k 2 ( 1 CH 2 (υ = 1))=(1.75±0.15).10 14 , k 3 ( 1 CH 2 (υ = 0))=(2.0±0.2).10 14 , and k 3 ( 1 CH 2 (υ = 1))=(2.2±0.2).10 14 . In the range from 255 K to 475 K the rate constants of the reactions of 1 CH 2 (υ = 0,1) with H 2 O and D 2 O show a significant dependence on temperature T which can be expressed by T -n with n = 0.6 to 0.8. The channel of the reaction of 1 CH 2 +H 2 O leading to CH 3 +OH was found to contribute 50±15% to the total reaction, thus being the main channel at p≤14 mbar. Formaldehyde could not be detected as a product of (1).


In a discussion during a recent Boston Symposium on "The Future Direction of Nursing Homes in Meeting Mental Health Needs of the Aged," Miss Janet Wien (Director of the Social Service Department, New England Medical Center Hospitals) spoke of the need for helping the families of the aged when a change of environment is contemplated for the old person.. . . "Shouldn't we then focus on treating these patients and their families before the change and immediately afterward?" (1) . Through a joint endeavor with the Psychology Department of the Schwab Rehabilitation Hospital, such a family therapy program has been in effect since November 1965 a t the Park View Home for the Aged in Chicago. This is a report of some of the procedures used and the results obtained.


The present invention is bent in a small circuit patterns through to lead the crack (Read Crack) tab tape is an enhanced electronic device (Tap Tape), and relates to a method of manufacturing the same, the inner lead (Inner Lead) out lead (Outer Lead) in portion can be formed, and by the bent parts resin (resin), except in bending (bending) area was formed in the coating region, resolve or prevent cracks (crack) problems that occur in a narrow width paeseon. Tab tape for an electronic device according to the present invention contains a first and second lead, and a bend formed in at least one of the first and second leads formed on the insulating substrate, the bent portion resin (Resin) area applied that formed in and characterized.


Interaction parameters of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in acetonitrile-water mixed solvent were determined by using small-angle X-ray scattering. Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements were carried out in conditions of the semidilute poor solvent regime and just below the lower critical solution temperature. From concentration dependence of the correlation length, the binary and ternary cluster integrals were determined. The contribution of the segment-segment interactions to the entropy S int and the enthalpy H int has been calculated from the temperature dependence of these cluster integrals. It has been found that both values are positive. On addition of a small amount of acetonitrile into aqueous solution of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), S int and H int increase with increasing acetonitrile content. Upon further addition of acetonitrile, these values decreased.


Although partnership sourcing and supplier rationalization seems to be a growth activity in industry as a whole, there is little evidence of enthusiasm for partnership development from the sub-contract surface engineering and finishing part of the supply chain. A survey of UK zinc and nickel electroplaters indicates that size of plater and asymmetry of customer and plater sizes may be important in inhibiting partnership development with customers.


This paper examines a guideline for deliberation within the framework of a teachers' workshop for school‐based adaptation of curriculum. This framework allows teachers to participate in the curriculum development process. The underlying assumption is that the appropriate way to conduct workshop deliberation is to relate the teachers' thinking to the curriculum process. The 'dilemma' is suggested as expressive of the state of teachers' thinking. A case study of a teachers' workshop is reported and excerpts of the teachers' deliberations are analyzed.


The influence of quenching temperature on the shape memory effect (SME) of the
Fe-Mn-Si polycrystalline alloys and their martensitic transformation temperature have been
studied. The SME of the hot rolled alloy specimen may be remarkably raised by selected quench-
ing temperature, namely, 600--800℃. It is influenced not only by the distribution of e-phase
morphology but also by its pre-existence.


The Executive Director makes some valid points about professionalism, the challenges of deregulation and the protection of the public interest (New Zealand Engineering. March 1, 1988). would like to offer some additional thoughts, drawn from a 1983 article by Charles Derber, that may inspire engineers to reexamine their own professionalism. Derber's thesis can be reduced to three main points.


BACKGROUND: Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis affects nearly 138 million women globally each year. In the United States, fluconazole is considered the standard of care for acute vulvovaginal candidiasis, but until recently there was no US Food and Drug Administration e approved drug for the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Oteseconazole is a novel oral selective inhibitor of fungal lanosterol demethylase (sterol 14 a -demethylase cytochrome P450, an enzyme required for fungal growth) approved for the treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral oteseconazole (VT-1161) in the prevention of recurrent culture-verified acute vulvovaginal candidiasis episodes through 50 weeks in participants with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and to compare the efficacy of oteseconazole and fluconazole in the treatment of the presenting acute vulvovaginal candidiasis episode. STUDY DESIGN: Women and postmenarcheal girls aged (cid:1) 12 years with a history of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (N ¼ 219) were enrolled at 38 US sites. Eligible participants presenting with an active vulvovaginal candidiasis infection entered an induction phase in which they were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive 600 mg oral oteseconazole on day 1 and 450 mg on day 2, with matching placebo capsules, or to 3 sequential 150-mg oral doses (once every 72 hours) of fluconazole, with matching placebo capsules. Following the 2-week induction phase, the 185 participants with resolved acute vulvovaginal candidiasis infection (a clinical signs and symptoms score of < 3) entered the maintenance phase and received 150 mg of oteseconazole or placebo weekly for 11 weeks. Participants were observed for an additional 37 weeks. RESULTS: In the induction phase, oteseconazole was noninferior to fluconazole in the proportion of participants in the intent-to-treat population with resolved acute vulvovaginal candidiasis infection at the week 2 (day 14) test-of-cure visit, with 93.2% of participants on oteseconazole vs 95.8% on fluconazole achieving resolution. In the maintenance phase, oteseconazole was superior to placebo in the proportion of participants in the intent-to-treat population with (cid:1) 1 culture-verified acute vulvovaginal candidiasis episode through 50 weeks, 5.1% compared with 42.2%, respectively ( P < .001). Overall, treatment-emergent adverse event rates were similar in both groups: 54% for participants who received oteseconazole in the induction and maintenance phases vs 64% for participants who received fluconazole in the induction phase and placebo in the maintenance phase. Most treatment-emergent adverse events in each group were mild or moderate, with 3.4% of treatment-emergent adverse events graded as severe or higher in the OTESECONAZOLE/oteseconazole group vs 4.2% in FLUCONAZOLE/placebo group. CONCLUSION: In participants with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, oteseconazole was safe and efficacious in the treatment and prevention of recurrent acute vulvovaginal candidiasis episodes and was noninferior to vulvovaginal candidiasis standard-of-care fluconazole in the treatment of the presenting acute vulvovaginal candidiasis infection.


Recently a compilation of predictions for charged hadron, identified light hadron, quarkonium, photon, jet and gauge boson production in p+Pbp+Pb collisions at sNN=5 TeV was made available [1]. Here the predictions are compared to the data so far available.


The paper aims at reconsidering the issue of the relationship that the Lombards in Italy had with the city, examining the most significant material evidence (archaeological, epigraphic, sculptural), especially in light of the most recent archaeological discoveries,
including housing evidence. The aim is to reflect on the topographic choices and the types of settlements that connoted the foreign-born groups in dukedoms, their social physiognomy, their stage of cultural evolution and the processes of transformation (such as the Christianization or the reference to the ideology of power of Roman tradition) that occurred in urban areas during the two centuries of their presence in the Peninsula.


'Low Evidence' Situations in the Social and Historical Sciences: Rational Choice as Heuristics.
In past years, many studies in the philosophy of science were devoted to questions of historiography. Key issues included its scientific status and whether it was linked to the perspective of the researcher. Although such questions were eventually to provide insights into other disciplines, they did not do much to advance historiography per se. Karl Popper's The Poverty of Historicism (1957) constituted an exception by virtue of its suggestions regarding the reconstruction of historiography using the logic of situational act theory, and the need to pay more attention to the analysis of social movements. He further proposed that institutional analysis, based on rational choice theory, should be applied to the study of social movements. However, analysis of his works together with Abram de Swaan's arguments about rational choice theory (see abstract in SA 44:5) shows that when Popper used a heuristic scheme, the power of rational choice theory to account for low-evidence (limited sample size) situations was quite limited. 14 References. M. Meeks


Based on concerns of agriculture,rural care,care for farmers the main line,in urban and rural economic point of view,the combination of the scientific concept of development and the building of a harmonious society in general requirements on the basis of the actual situation in Xi'an building a new socialist countryside in three-point understanding and View,Xi'an has proposed the construction of the rural characteristics of the new ideas,building measures and the "decision-making power to farmers" of the people-centered principle of the building.Try these methods for Xi'an on the construction of a harmonious socialist new rural useful to pave the way.


H[sup [minus]] beam space-charge neutralization is measured for 65-mA, 35-keV beams extracted from a circular-aperture Penning surface-plasma source, the small-angle source. The H[sup [minus]] beam is transported to a RFQ matchpoint by a two-solenoid magnet system. Beam noise is typically [plus minus]4%. A four-grid analyzer is located in a magnetic-field-free region between the two solenoid magnets. H[sup [minus]] beam potentials are deduced from kinetic energy measurements of particles (electrons and positive ions) ejected radially from the beam channel by using a gridded energy analyzer. Background neutral gas density is increased by the introduction of additional Xe and Ar gases, enabling the H[sup [minus]] beam to become overneutralized.


OBJECTIVES
To evaluate 1) maternal perception (MP) of their child's weight, 2) MP of overweight-obesity (OW-OB) of unrelated children (URC),3) MP of image with health risk, and 4) recognition of OW-OB health risks.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 325 mother-child dyads participated. A panel with 7 images was used.The child's body mass index was the gold standard.

RESULTS
A total of 84 of 100 mothers of OW-OB children did not accurately perceive their children's weight. Of the total sample, 97.5% perceived the OW-OB of URC and 83.1% the OW-OB image with health risk. Most of the mothers recognized the health risks.

CONCLUSION
It is necessary to design multidisciplinary intervention programs to help mothers of OW-OB children accurately recognize their children's weight and, thus, reduce the high prevalence of OW-OB in our population.


Concern over the global environmental crisis may be aligned with contrasting discourses. On the one hand, it is invoked in the sentiment, "we are all in it together." Whether the scale of reference is the entire planet, region, or nation, this discourse leads to calls for cooperation. Typically, environmental cooperation involves management plans, new policy initiatives and technological innovations. On the other hand, the global environmental crisis is also invoked in an environmental justice discourse, which is about privilege, asymmetric power relations, exploitation, and oppression. The logic of this discourse leads to a strategy of changing power relations so that the environment is managed equitably.


IK BKG is a gene that encodes for a protein which regulates nuclear factor kappa - B (NF - KB). This NF - KB not only plays an integral role in body's inflammatory and immune responses but also affects ectodermal development. The protein complex NF - KB is present i n the cytoplasm in an inactive form and requires nuclear factor kappa - B essential modulator (NEMO) for its activation. Impaired expression of NEMO, therefore, results in immunodeficiency. This article throws light on the three major disorders that occur in children due to mutations in NEMO. The disorders include ectodermal dysplasia, incontinentia pigmenti and osteopetrosis. Ectodermal dysplasia involves dystrophies of the ectodermal structures causing hypohidrosis, hypo trichosis etc. Incontinentia pigmenti mainly affects the skin but teeth, bones, brain and eyes are also not left unaffected in certain cases. Osteopetrosis targets the bones.


Sympathetic blockade for the control of ischemia in patients with coronary atherosclerotic disease has been controversial and is questioned as to its benefit in comparison to other pharmacologic and interventional therapies available. The main concern is that thoracic analgesia (TEA) only blocks pain and the patient continues to be ischemic. Coronary blood flow is dependent on both β- and α-adrenergic input. In normal patients, there is a balance of these inputs, so the heart is adequately perfused. In the case of coronary artery disease, the vessels no longer respond normally to circulating catecholamines. Even though β-blockade is used, α-blockade is not tolerated by patients due to hypotension which can decrease coronary perfusion pressures. The growing body of experience and literature confirms that there are significant physiological changes rather than a placebo effect with TEA. Its use can preferentially shunt blood to endocardium, dilate stenotic vessels, favorably balance the determinants of myocardial supply and demand, allow increased exercise tolerance, decrease catecholamine levels, and improve quality of life. Thus, TEA is a viable option to control intractable angina when the usual modalities have failed.


We study the optical forces experienced by a dielectric microsphere placed in a nonparaxial vector self-accelerating beam. Following the beam's peak intensity (or the main lobe), where the dominant transverse trapping appears, the longitudinal optical force is found to switch from a purely pushing case to an impure case involving pulling forces. The pulling forces tend to appear away from the optimal transverse trapping position, particularly for large particles but populate largely within the transverse trapping potential. In terms of magnitude, such forces can be comparable to the transverse ones when manipulating small particles. The cases of both Mie and Rayleigh particles are discussed. Our work opens the possibility to uncover the pulling effect in nonparaxial accelerating beams, which may lead to applications in optical trapping and manipulation.


The two most popular Java platforms that use the HotSpot Java Virtual Machine (JVM) are Oracle and OpenJDK. The HotSpot JVM automatically manages application memory for the developer using generational garbage collection (GC). Unfortunately, this managed memory fails to give developers the power to adequately sanitize sensitive data in objects and defend against memory disclosure attacks, i.e., attackers who can read the memory of a process containing Java objects. This problem stems from two design flaws in the GC tasks. First, the generational GC allows more than one copy of an object to exist in multiple heaps, even though they are unreachable. Second, when objects become garbage, they're not sanitized or zeroed by the garbage collector; they survive until the memory is reused for a new object. Even if a developer wants to explicitly sanitize critical data, such as cryptographic keys for closed network connections, there are no manual mechanisms for this activity because the data is out of the developers reach. Consequently, this sensitive data can be extracted from garbage after applying object reconstruction techniques to the heap. For this paper, we show that up to 40% of the observed TLS encryption keys can be recovered from a Java heap using Oracle's TLS 1.2 implementation. This paper also shows how modest GC changes reduce the amount of recoverable data, albeit with performance overheads as high as 50% in the worst case.


Many real-world optimization problems are dynamic. These problems require from powerful methods to adapt to problem modifications over time. Most applied research on metaheuristics has focused on static (non-changing) optimization problems and these methods often lack from adaptation strategies. Particle filters are sequential Monte Carlo estimation methods which can be applied to Bayesian filtering for nonlinear and non-Gaussian discrete-time dynamic models. In this paper, we propose a general method to hybridize population-based metaheuristics (PBM) and particle filters (PF). The aim of this method is to naturally devise to effective hybrid algorithms to solve dynamic optimization problems by exploiting the benefits of both approaches. Derived algorithms cleverly combine PF and PBM frameworks. As particular examples, two different effective algorithms, named path relinking particle filter (PRPF) and scatter search particle filter (SSPF) are respectively derived from the proposed hybridization method. Finally, efficient applications of these instantiated algorithms to different dynamic problems are also presented.


Apparent biological effects of strong magnetic fields were observed in the hatching behavior of fresh mosquito eggs in the center of 9.4 and 14.1 T magnets. In the first experiment performed at 20 ± 1 °C, the hatching was delayed 32 h by a 9.4 T magnetic field and 71 h by a 14.1 T magnetic field. In the second experiment performed at 22 ± 1 °C, the hatching was delayed 14 h by a 9.4 T magnetic field and 27 h by a 14.1 T magnetic field. In the magnetic field range of this study, the hatching delay increases nonlinearly with the intensity of the magnetic field. The experimental results also suggest that the biological effects of magnetic fields could be reversible or partially reversible to some extent. Bioelectromagnetics 25:84–91, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Object and purpose of research. The object of this research study is a physical phenomenon of lidar observation of hydrophysical disturbances from an object moving underwater confirmed by the scientific discovery registered with Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RANS). The purpose is to briefly present the phenomenon essence and to validate the feasibility of underwater monitoring system involving lidars. Materials and methods. The work materials is the phenomenon description and publications confirming its reliability. The feasibility of underwater monitoring system employing lidars is validated by model representation of this system as a group of distributed fixed lidars, which record time instants when a moving underwater object is passing by. The navigation task of locating its coordinates and parameters of motion is solved. Main results. The results demonstrate exact solutions to the problem implemented in MATLAB programming system, which confirms that the model is adequate and its software implementation is correct. Conclusion. The purpose of the work to examine the feasibility of lidar underwater monitoring system is achieved. The new scientific results are the problem formulation and the method of solving a navigation problem to find coordinates and parameters of motion from lidar-detected instants of hydrophysical disturbances. A hypothetical lidar-based monitoring system, if verified experimentally that lidars are sufficiently long-range instruments, is a promising idea.


After basal cell carcinomas, cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are the most common malignancies in Caucasians. Incidence continues to increase,


Dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique is a simple and yet powerful technique for characterizing particle properties and dynamics in complex liquids and gases, including dusty plasmas. Intensity fluctuation in DLS experiments often studied using correlation analysis with assumption that the fluctuation is statistically stationary. In this study, the temporal variation of the nonstationary intensity fluctuation is analyzed directly to show the existence of fractal characteristics by employing wavelet scalogram approach. Wavelet based scale decomposition approach is used to separate non-scaling background noise (without dust) from scaling intensity fluctuation from dusty plasma. The Hurst exponents for light intensity fluctuation in dusty plasma at different neutral gas pressures are determined. At low pressures, weaker damping of dust motions via collisions with neutral gases results in stronger persistent behavior in the fluctuation of DLS time series. The fractal scaling Hurst exponent is demonstrated to be useful for characterizing structural phases in complex disordered dusty plasma, especially when particle configuration or sizes are highly inhomogeneous which makes the standard pair-correlation function difficult to interpret. The results from fractal analysis are compared with alternative interpretation of disorder based on approximate entropy and particle transport using mean square displacement.


SUMMARY Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from corn contain relatively large amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids and some yeast components, which may increase oxidative stress and alter immune function, respectively, when fed to broilers. Therefore, the study was undertaken to assess the effects of distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS) on broilers under immunosuppressive challenge. One-day-old male broiler chickens (300) were assigned to 2 treatments with 6 replicates pretreatment. Birds were fed diets formulated to contain 0, 15% corn-based DDGS, respectively. The experimental diets were fed for 6 weeks in 2 phases. On day 21, serum IgA, IgG content and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and total antioxidant activity (T-AOC) capacity were analyzed. Chickens were then randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatment groups: negative control (NC) corn-soybean meal diet without dexamethasone (DEX) challenge, positive control (PC) corn-soybean meal diet with (DEX) challenge, 15% DDGS without DEX challenge (D), 15% DDGS with DEX (D+DEX). Based on these results, dietary DDGS did not influence ADG, ADFI and F:G of 21 d, 28 da nd 42 dc hicks (P > 0.05), however, DEX affected ADG and F:G of 28 d chicks remarkably (P < 0.05). Relative weights of liver, abdominal fat, spleen, thymus, and bursawereinfluencedbyDEXchallengeond28(P <0.05).DDGS reducedserum T-AOC, T-SOD, whereas increased IgA, IgG and MDA of 21-day-old broilers significantly (P < 0.05). Dietary DDGS also reduced liver T-SOD of 21-day-old broilers significantly (P < 0.05). Based on real-time PCR, 28 d chicks fed DDGS had a greater relative abundance of mRNA encoding IL-4 and IL-6 (P < 0.05), whereas DEX decreased the expression of GPX, IL-6, IL-10 (P < 0.05). Thus, 15% dietary DDGS inclusion has the beneficial effects on immune functions for broilers to some degree.


In order to manage the higher complexity of VLSI chips and to reach shorter design cycles, the design effort becomes increasingly focused on higher levels of abstraction. We describe the design and the modeling of a high speed telecommunication circuit, an ATM Switch Controller (ASC) using a behavioral VHDL description. The VHDL description is simulated and synthesized with a commercially available High-Level Synthesis (HLS) tool. Advantages of this design method are discussed and the results of the synthesis are presented.


Currently the quality of construction drawings is deteriorated due to restrictions on time costs allowed to the design phase. Moreover shop drawings are arbitrarily produced without the standard criteria, and cleared off after the completion of construction. As a result, the information of produced shop drawings is not feedback to the design phase, and the quality of the construction drawings become worse. This study proposes checklists that include information requested at construction sites and the shop drawings as well as the existing checklists for the construction drawings. The checklists integrate designer`s check-items according to breakdown of drawings and contractor`s check-items base don construction process. Index matrices of the integrated checklists is developed for practical application of the checklists, and validated through intensive interview with design and construction practitioners.


: In this paper, machine intelligence technique is used for software effort estimation considering failure patterns and time boundaries in simulation time. Experiments are performed using publicly available software failure dataset and considering two neural machine intelligence techniques, the Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) and the Auditory Machine Intelligence (AMI). The results show that the HTM is a better technique with an error improvement of over 4 times that of the AMI. However, its complexity may hamper its applicability in real time scenarios.


Deep convolutional neural networks play an important role in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification tasks through hierarchical learning. Recent work based on deep learning has made great progress in exploring contextual features, with more of these approaches focusing on nonlocal contextual information. Nevertheless, the contextual information obtained by these methods still has room for improvement as they only consider the semantic level. Moreover, they ignore the importance of contextual features in the spectral domain, an important component of contextual features, especially in HSIs. This article proposes a novel HSI classification method, the nonlocal-dependent learning fully convolutional network (FCN). The network fully focuses on HSI's spatial and spectral nonlocal contextual features by combining a context-aware module and global convolutional long short-term memory neural network (ConvLSTM) learning from shallow (spatial level) to deep (semantic level) layers. Specifically, the proposed context-aware module perceives local joint features through local and surrounding learning and refines features under a global context through global learning. To further enhance the long-range dependencies of spectral and spatial dimensions at different phases, global ConvLSTM learning is proposed to obtain multiscale fused features from spatial to semantic. Experiments on datasets with different scenes reveal that the proposed method obtains better classification performance than state-of-the-art methods.


The compensation received by economic agents reflects their performance. Usually compensation reflects performance measured cardinally, but sometimes ordinal considerations play a role. It is well established that rewards — cardinal or ordinal — can rationally motivate contestants to put forth increased effort. We ask whether rewards, and in particular their cardinal or ordinal nature, can affect agents' strategies. Specifically, if level of effort is fixed and degree of difficulty is the only choice, what strategy is optimal? For example, in a high-jump competition, level of effort is not a meaningful variable; what is of interest is the choice of strategy — the height attempted, or degree of difficulty. We study how optimal strategies reflect reward structure, assuming that rewards may depend on level of difficulty, and go only to successful candidates, or only to candidates who succeed at more difficult tasks. Basing our conclusions in part on simple probabilistic models in which optimal choices can be determined analytically, we show how the structure of competitive rewards alters contestants' rational choices. We adopt a contest-design framework: What combinations of fixed and variable prizes cause contestants to select degrees of difficulty that maximize the contest designer's expected payoff? Our general conclusion is that competition can affect strategic choices, in magnitudes and even directions that are difficult to predict.


23 new typifications of names in Inula— four of them being basyonyms of currently accepted species under Pentanema ( P. helenioides, P. helveticum, P. langeanum and P. maletii )—, and 2 new typifications of names in Aster are provided in this paper. 18 new lectotypes, 7 neotypes and one epitype are designated. Additional materials relevant to typification and protologue citation are indicated in each case. Finally, a new combination in Pentanema ( P. squarrosum ) is proposed.


We measured SPM-induced phase shift in the silicon wire waveguide at a carrier-steady state by frequency-resolved optical gating at a repetition rate of 10 GHz, and designed all-optical switch based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer.


Scheduling involves planning and arranging jobs across a coordinated set of events to satisfy the customer's demands. In this article, we present a simple approach for the flow-shop (FS) scheduling problem under fuzzy environment in which processing time of jobs are represented by pentagonal fuzzy numbers. This study is intended to reduce the rental cost of the machine in compliance with the rental policy. The fuzzy FS scheduling problem is solved without converting the processing time into its equivalent crisp numbers using a robust ranking technique and a fuzzy arithmetic pentagonal fuzzy numbers. A numerical illustration indicates that the approach is workable, accurate, and relevant.


Fractional equations have become the model of choice in several applications where heterogeneities at the microstructure result in anomalous diffusive behavior at the macroscale. In this work we introduce a new fractional operator characterized by a doubly‐variable fractional order and possibly truncated interactions. Under certain conditions on the model parameters and on the regularity of the fractional order we show that the corresponding Poisson problem is well‐posed. We also introduce a finite element discretization and describe an efficient implementation of the finite‐element matrix assembly in the case of piecewise constant fractional order. Through several numerical tests, we illustrate the improved descriptive power of this new operator across media interfaces. Furthermore, we present one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional h‐convergence results that show that the variable‐order model has the same convergence behavior as the constant‐order model.


Birds are a serious threat to aircraft, particularly near airports. For civil aircraft about 75% of all bird-strikes occur near airports. Gulls and small flocking-birds provide the greatest threat to aircraft near airports. Birds are attracted to airports because they become habituated to the noise and traffic, and are attracted by the presence of areas for roosting, loafing, and feeding. Serious bird-strikes can be reduced around airports by reducing the number of birds, by making the birds get out of the way of airplanes, by having planes avoid birds, by adding physical protection to the airplanes, and by switching to new types of aircraft which are safer with respect to bird-strikes. The first two solutions involve bird control, while the last three involve modification of aircraft or aircraft routes. Airport personnel are usually involved only in controlling bird numbers or in dispersing them from the airport.


Introduction 1. A Greek Borgia. Andromache 2. Euripides' apology. Helen 3. A soul's tragedy. Heracles 4. A fire from hell. Orestes Appendix Index.


Objective To study the role of Th1/Th2 cytokine profile in the pathogenesis of recurrent genital herpes (RGH), and to find out the relationship between Th1/Th2 cytokines. Methods A two-colour immunofluorescent staining of cell surface antigen and intracellular cytokines (IL-2、 IL-10、 IL-12、 IFN-γ and TNF-α ) in CD3+ T-lymphocytes of 20 patients with RGH with flow cytometric analysis were performed. Results Compared to controls, patients with RGH showed a decreased number of CD3+ T cells( P 0.05) , and a decreased number of IL-2-producing and IFN-γ-producing T cells( P 0.02 and P 0.001, respectively) , whereas an increased number of IL-10-producing and IL-12-producing T cells( P 0.01). There was no significant difference in the number of TNF-α-producing cells between the patients and controls( P0.05) . Conclusions RGH patients seem to have a predominance of Th2 cytokine profile, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of RGH.


The present invention is an epoxy having a low viscosity mixture and the rapid drying property at temperatures below freezing point - is described for an amine composition. These compositions of high solids coating applications, adhesive, and film applications, and are useful in the manufacture impregnated substrate. Epoxy resin, amine, carboxylic acid, a curing agent, a low viscosity


It is well known that the system of criminalistic registration keeps records of three groups of objects: persons, subjects, crimes. The most prevalent registration sign of people is fingerprints that form dactyloscopic accounting. Improving fingerprint registration is more than relevant at present, given the level of social relations development, scientific and technical support activities of law enforcement agencies and government bodies and crime level. Questions of perfection and the practice of state fingerprint registration are actively discussed among law enforcers and scientists. Modern conditions require an accurate, efficient, single system of registration, a system that would solve the problem of identification and provide an adequate fight against crime. First of all, it is a universal compulsory fingerprinting which will have both investigative and preventive value. Criminalistic accounting is currently beyond the traditional and outdated understanding of criminal registration, and, therefore, does not lead to a total control by the state. The main purpose of criminalistic registration is to use accounting information in law activities, especially in activities to ensure safety and protection of the legitimate rights and interests of man and citizen. If to talk about the limitation of rights and freedoms, fingerprint registration is not affected by it, unlike other registrations. Information about fingerprint registration is not used until a person commits an offense. Universal fingerprint check will help to create a single, universal and simple system of combating crime, designed to provide an adequate level of protection of society and citizens. The most effective and widespread method of universal fingerprinting is dactylography when applying for a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation at the age of 14. Then fingerprinting will also be provided with the photograph of a face; this procedure does not create any difficulties either, given the technical equipment of law enforcement bodies. The legislative process for the creation of a new federal law is a long process; the author proposes to introduce an additional paragraph in Article 9 of the current law. In the future, this accounting can and should be supplemented by a DNA database which should be formed today by combining it, for example, with registration of weapons of all kinds.


Studies the bilevel dynamic optimization problem, which is a hierarchy of two optimization problems where the constraint region of the upper level problem is determined implicitly by the solution to the lower level problem and where the upper level decision variable is a vector while the lower level decision variable is an admissible control function. To obtain optimality conditions, the author reformulates the bilevel dynamic optimization problem as a single level optimal control problem which involves the value function of the lower level problem. Sensitivity analysis of the lower level problem with respect to the perturbation in the upper level decision variable is given and first order necessary optimality conditions are derived by using nonsmooth analysis.<<ETX>>


Executive function is an umbrella term for various cognitive processes that are central to goaldirected behavior, thoughts, and emotions. These processes are especially important in novel or demanding situations, which require a rapid and flexible adjustment of behavior to the changing demands of the environment. The development of executive function relies on the maturation of associated brain regions as well as on stimulation in the child's social contexts, especially the home and school. Over the past decade, the term executive function has become a buzzword in the field of education as both researchers and educators underscore the importance of skills like goal setting, planning, and organizing in academic success. Accordingly, in initiating this Research Topic/eBook our goal was to provide a forum for state-of-the-art theoretical and empirical work on this both facilitates communication among researchers from diverse fields and provides a theoretically sound source of information for educators. The contributors to this volume, who hail from several different countries in Europe and North America, have certainly accomplished this goal in their nuanced and cutting-edge depictions of the complex links among various executive function components and educational success. In trying to present a coherent presentation of themany excellent contributions, we conceptually divided the papers in this Research Topic/eBook into the three broad sections of (1) executive function as predictor for academic outcomes, (2) teacher, parent, and family factors in the relationship between executive function and academic outcomes, and (3) interventions and their impact on executive function and academic performance.


Steganography and cryptography are two different techniques for hide the secret data. If provide the dual data security so using the combination of both techniques such that steganography and cryptography. The cover image is encrypted through the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption with CBC mode. Encrypted data (secret data) can be hide using the Extensible Metadata Method (XMP) is performed on to the cover image. The cryptography algorithm Encrypt data with the help of a key which can be use for the authenticate purpose. Only an authenticate user can be decrypt the secret data because of the key must be same if not then data will not be decrypted. The combination of the both these algorithm will provide huge amount of security, robustness, integrity and capacity of embedding the data.


The one-hand shoot over the shoulder is the most essential of shooting skills and it is widely used in basketball games.It is generally considered to be one of the main content of this course by the teachers in universities and colleges of Ph.E.Department,It has been proved that it is possible to help students grasp this skill quickly within comparatively limited time in class (class time)by practicing these certain techniques over and over again.


This study evaluated the indoor air quality in 36 new apartment houses in six big cities in Korea from July 2005 to January 2006. Most of the indoor finishing materials in the new houses were environment-friendly and designated by the Korea Air Cleaning & Researching Association. In the new apartments, which were all built with the same finishing materials, air levels of toluene averaged 1475 μg · m-3 in summer, when there were relatively high temperatures and humidity, and averaged 2711 μg· m-3 in winter. In addition, benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, xylene, and formaldehyde measured 9.99, 628, 232, 2392 and 951μg·m-3 in summer and 9.99, 628, 232, 2392, and 951μg·m-3 in winter, respectively. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde were increased as indoor temperature and humidity increased. This study evaluated concentrations of VOCs compounds in a room according to season using enthalpy, which considers two indexes, temperature and humidity. Concentrations of benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, xylene, and formaldehyde increased with increased enthalpy.


The major objective of this work was to explore the quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) of hydroxyl‐substituent Schiff bases in protecting human erythrocytes against 2,2′‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH)‐ induced hemolysis, in which 10 Schiff bases including 4‐phenyliminomethylphenol (PIH); 4‐((4‐hydroxybenzylidene) amino)phenol (PAH); 2‐methoxy‐4‐((4‐hydroxyphenylimino)methyl)phenol (PMH); 4‐((furan‐2‐ylmethylene)amino) phenol (FAH); 4‐((4‐N,N‐dimethylaminobenzylidene)amino)phenol (PDH); 2‐((4‐N,N‐dimethylaminobenzylidene)amino) phenol (ODH); 2‐(naphthalene‐1‐yliminomethyl)phenol (NAH); 2‐(benzyliminomethyl)phenol (BPH); 1,4‐di((2‐hydroxyphenylimino) methyl)benzene (DOH); 1,4‐di((4‐hydroxyphenylimino)methyl)benzene DPH, were available for this in vitro experimental system. The results revealed that the radical‐scavenging activity of the OH attached to the para position of methylene in Schiff base was much lower than that attached to the ortho position of the N atom. The large conjugate system and low steric hindrance in the framework of Schiff base benefit the Schiff base to trap radicals. Meanwhile, since a Schiff base, even without any substituent, can also play an antioxidative role in this experimental system, the QSAR results suggest that hydroxyl‐substituent Schiff bases are potential drugs in the treatment of radical‐related diseases, and provide more information for designing novel drugs. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The prevalence of smoking among adults in developed countries has continued to decline through comprehensive tobacco control efforts. In the U.S, for example, the prevalence among adults is approaching a historic low: the prevalence in 2014 was 16.8%, which was a steady decline from 20.6% in 2009.1 Preliminary data from the first half of 2015 suggest that the U.S. rate could fall below 15%.2 A potential downside to this welcome news, especially if confirmed in the second half of 2015, is that it may inadvertently communicate to the public, as well as the healthcare system, that cigarette smoking is no longer a major public health problem. The reality, however, is that major disparities in smoking continue to persist in the U.S. and worldwide, and these disparities maintain the disproportion burden in tobaccorelated disease that is experienced by these groups. Increased attention and reallocation of tobacco control resources will be not be enough: new theory and research methodology are needed. The review by Adam Leventhal in this issue of Nicotine & Tobacco Research describes a new theory, "sociopharmacology", that has the exciting potential to advance our understanding of tobacco use among disparity populations and lead to effective targeted multilevel interventions.3 The sociopharmacology framework synthesizes social epidemiology and psychopharmacology to address tobacco use disparities, across multiple levels of analysis, through the application of new theoretical constructs and innovative methodology. Sociopharmacology extends the general biopsychosocial model of chronic disease and wellness4, widely used since the 1980s, in two critical ways. First, the sociopharmacology framework offers specific predictions regarding bidirectional pathways and psychopharmacological mechanisms by which biological, psychological, and social contexts, in interaction with disparity group membership, promote susceptibility to tobacco use and dependence among individuals and, in turn, illness and disease. Second, the sociopharmacology framework specifies the types of transdisciplinary research design and methodologies, a synthesis of social epidemiology and psychopharmacology methodology, best suited for testing model predictions. Other methodological options not mentioned by Leventhal, but reasonable within his framework, include embedding quasi-experimental psychopharmacological studies within prospective population-based cohort studies, such as the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Adults (CARDIA) study5, that richly characterize social, cultural, and environmental determinants of health and disease across long periods of time. To illustrate the framework's potential for explaining tobacco-related health disparities, Leventhal describes two example models: "socially determined stress and tobacco's pharmacological effects on threat processing" and "dearth of opportunity for reward in disadvantaged populations and tobacco's reward enhancing effects." Both of these models are compelling, supported by data, and ripe for further research. Many other intriguing questions relevant to tobacco-related health disparities can be addressed within the sociopharmacology framework. For instance, why are menthol cigarettes, which have greater adverse health effects than regular cigarettes, so much more popular among African American smokers than white smokers? The elimination of tobacco use disparities will be critical to achieving significant reductions in health disparities. Comprehensive tobacco control efforts need to make disparity populations a priority. Leventhal's sociopharmacology of tobacco use and dependence establishes an impressive transdisciplinary framework of compelling new theoretical constructs and a solid methodological blueprint. It should stimulate new exciting research on tobacco-related health disparities.


We present first-principles molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the dissociation of a nitric oxide (NO) molecule on an Si(001) surface and subsequent incorporation of the nitrogen atom into the subsurface, which are important in the understanding of the synthesis of oxynitride thin films. The MD runs for different initial conditions revealed various dissociation pathways. In some, the dissociated N and O atoms bridge an Si dimer and substrate backbond. The dissociated nitrogen incorporates into the subsurface with the formation of . The NO dissociates across two Si dimers. All the processes finish within a couple of picoseconds at all of the temperatures considered, implying that the corresponding energy barriers are quite small (≲0.2). Inclusion of the spin polarization increases only the energy barrier for the initial dissociation process from a molecular state, suggesting the existence of a molecular precursor state. The facile dissociation of the NO and incorporation of N are consistent with photoemission measurements.


Metal bulk forming is a large nonlinear deformation process in geometry and physics. This paper reviews briefly the developmental history of 3D numerical simulation techniques for the metal bulk forming process, then, summarizes comprehensively its current research status and priority research areas inland and abroad. Researchers have turned their steps from macro, singleness and decentralization, and common type simulation to micro, coupling and integration, and specialty type simulation. Four new methods on numerical simulation are presented, which are meshless method, adaptive FEM method, rigid plastic finite boundary element method, and feature based FEM method. At the end of the paper, an attempt is made to forecast the future progress of the numerical simulation.


At present, the problem of environmental protection has come to a global level. In conditions of globalization of the world economy, population growth, massive urbanization, the level of exhaustion of natural resources increases. The requirements for resources used in production or for the organization of favorable social conditions far exceed the speed and volume of natural replenishment. This leads to the inevitable
depletion of natural resources, which causes such problems as resource shortages, water and air pollution, lack of freshwater, climate change, loss of biodiversity, and so on. Proceeding from the aggravation of the listed issues, recently the concept of a "green" economy has been actively promoted in significant international platforms, in the world social-political and scientific circles. The growth of the popularity of the concept of a "green economy" is largely due to the numerous crises that the world faced, including Ukraine, in recent years, – above all, ecological, financial and economic. The implementation of the new green course involves minimizing the use of non-renewable resources for electricity production through investments in renewable energy sources. One more pressing issue related to the "green economy" is energy saving.
Today, Ukraine's economy depends on the energy sources that need to be imported. In this regard, the problem of energy supply has always been and is one of the most urgent. Only through constant search for internal reserves, using work on technologies that in turn will reduce the energy intensity of productions, and using alternative energy projects will help to change the situation in the near future for the better. Ukraine has all the prerequisites for intensive development, extraction and use of non-traditional energy sources. The transition of the Ukrainian industry to a market economy makes large and enterprises of all sectors and leaders of all ranks think about the need to save fuel and energy resources.


Vacuum cooling is a complicated heat and mass transfer process.During vacuum cooling of cooked meat,when the pressure within cooked meat is equal or lower to the saturation pressure at the local temperature of cooked meat,evaporation of water within the cooked meat has a cooling effect.Based on the energy and mass balance,a simplified moisture movement model for vacuum cooling was developed in this paper.Moisture movement model can be used to predict the temperature,pressure and moisture content distributions within the cooked meat during vacuum cooling.


Emotional intelligence is integrated ability that individual performance in work and life,with which one perceive,control and regulate oneself's and other's emotions.This article aims at:(1) explore development trail of emotional intelligence theories and arrange mainstream emotional intelligence theories at home and abroad now;(2) introduce relative researches about training of emotional intelligence at home and abroad and hope to provide a reference to researches about trainings of emotional intelligence.At present,emotional intelligence theories are mainly divided into ability model approach and mixed model approach,whose foothold is at theory's academic nature and practical nature.Researches about training of emotional intelligence are exploration of core theroies of training and development of training program.


The Jungebad apparatus is used to generate oil‐dispersion baths in medical applications. The oil‐water dispersion is produced by dispersing medically‐effective oil while filling the bathtub. The aim is to produce smaller droplets in comparison to conventionally produced oil‐dispersion baths to generate a high surface‐to‐volume ratio of the oil. Additionally, the oil should be dispersed homogenously in the bath. Due to the greater surface of the oil, a better admission through the skin of the patient is achieved.


I reconsider the monism/pluralism debate about natural kinds. Monism claims that there is a privileged division of reality in natural kinds, while pluralism states that there are many ways for classifying objects according to different purposes. I compare three different monistic accounts of natural kinds with the pluralism advocated by promiscuous realism. The analysis of some examples of classification of celestial objects suggests that there are indeed different legitimate ways for classifying things according to different purposes; contrary to monism, there are not fixed boundaries between kinds. These results show that promiscuous realism is a better account of natural kind.


Comparative scanning electron microscopical studies were carried out on Chonopeltis australis Boxshall, 1976 collected from different localities in the Orange-Vaal River System in South Africa and on material of Chonopeltis minutus Fryer, 1977 and Chonopeltis australissimus Fryer, 1977 on loan from the Albany Museum, Grahamstown. This elucidates the fine structure of morphological features, which are of taxonomic importance and illustrates the significance of the copulatory structures on the legs as a taxonomic tool. It was also concluded that C. australissimus is the same as C. minutus, with C. australissimus the junior synonym.


The data used in this paper is an open source data, that was collected in Portugal over a three year period between 2004 and 2007. It consists of the physiochemical parameters, and the quality grad ...


The cobalt(II) complex of 3,5-Di(t)Bu-IbuPhyrin, [Co(P1)], is an effective catalyst for intramolecular amination of electron-deficient C-H bonds, including those adjacent to electron-withdrawing CO(2)R, C(O)NR(2), C(O)R, and CN groups, in excellent yields with high regio- and stereoselectivity. The [Co(P1)]-catalyzed amination system provides a direct method for the synthesis of α-amino acid derivatives from the corresponding carboxylate precursors.


Testing and estimating the rank of a matrix of estimated parameters is key in a large variety of econometric modelling scenarios. This article describes general methods to test for and estimate the rank of a matrix, and provides details on a variety of modelling scenarios in the econometrics literature where such methods are required. Four different methods to test for the true rank of a general matrix are described, as well as one method that can handle the case of a matrix subject to parameter constraints associated with defineteness structures. The technical requirements for the implementation of the tests of rank of a general matrix differ and hence there are merits to all of them that justify their use in applied work. Nonetheless, we review available evidence of their small sample properties in the context of different modelling scenarios where all, or some, are applicable.


It has been suggested by researchers that ingestion, through rim seals, of mainstream gas into axial-flow turbine disk cavities is a consequence of the prevailing unsteady three-dimensional flow field. The cause-effect relationship is complex-to help understand it, experiments were performed in a model single-stage turbine rig using two different vaneblade configurations. Selected measurements from one of the configurations were reported earlier (1999-2001). The second configuration is new, featuring smaller numbers of vanes and blades and a larger vane turning angle. Selected measurements are presented and compared to those from the first configuration. The measurements include unsteady and rotor revolution time-average static pressure spatial distributions, and spatial distribution, in the rotor-stator cavity, of time-average ingestion. The parameters in the experiments were the main airflow rate, the purge/seal airflow rate, and the rotor speed. Unsteady three-dimensional CFD simulation may be helpful in identifying the roles of the many intertwined phenomena in the ingestion process.


JAXA is establishing the Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) which consists of GCOM-W and GCOM-C satellite series. Target dates of the first satellites are early 2012 and early 2014 respectively. The sensor and products are being designed and investigated for the effective observation of essential climate variables relating to the radiation budget, the carbon cycle, and the water cycle.


Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) is a major threat to server availability. The attackers hide from view by impersonating their IP addresses as the legitimate users. This Spoofed IP helps the attacker to pass through the authentication phase and to launch the attack. Surviving spoof detection techniques could not resolve different styles of attacks. Packet Resonance Strategy (PRS) armed to detect various types of spoof attacks that destruct the server resources or data theft at Datacenter. PRS ensembles to any Cloud Service Provider (CSP) as they are exclusively responsible for any data leakage and sensitive information hack. PRS uses two-level detection scheme, allows the clients to access Datacenter only when they surpass initial authentication at both levels. PRS provides faster data transmission and time sensitiveness of cloud computing tasks to the authenticated clients. Experimental results proved that the proposed methodology is a better light-weight solution and deployable at server-end.


—In the teaching of design color, the application of multi-dimensional interactive teaching mode can improve the teaching quality and contribute to the talent training of design color related majors. Firstly, this paper briefly expounds the basic elements and connotation of the multi-dimensional interactive teaching mode. Then, it explains the significance of multi-dimensional interactive teaching mode of design color. Finally, in combination of the authors teaching experience, it analyzes the application methods and concrete practice of multi-dimensional interactive teaching mode of design color, in hope to play a reference role in the field.


Ascorbigen (ABG) is the predominant indole‐derived compound from Brassica vegetables. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effects of ABG on hair growth. To this end, we examined the proliferation of isolated human dermal papilla (DP) cells and keratinocytes after incubation in various concentrations (0–1.25 mM) of ABG. Furthermore, hair shaft regrowth was monitored in a mouse model of chemotherapy‐induced alopecia (CIA), and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for histological analyses. We found that 1.25 mM ABG induced a 1.2‐fold increase in the growth of DP cells, but not keratinocytes. However, ABG did not exert significant protective effects against CIA in the mouse model. These findings suggest that ABG may not be able to counteract CIA and that further investigation of the therapeutic potential of ABG in disease models is required. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Relevance. At the present stage varicose eczema incidence in the population is very common, but the data on mechanisms of paratraumatic eczema (varicose) with concurrent hypertension is not enough. Aim. In order to clarify the mechanisms of paratraumatic (varicose veins) eczema in 40 patients of elderly age with concomitant varicose symptoms and hypertension circadian rhythm of blood pressure (BP) was studied by means of bifunctional daily monitoring device. Methods and results. Increase of systolic blood pressure was found in 73,3%±0,5% (р<0,05), diastolic blood pressure – in 93,3%±1,2% (р<0,05) of patients. Conclusions. This shows a statistically significant increase of the group of patients with low nighttime blood pressure reduction «Non-dippers» in SBP – 53,3% (р<0,05) in the comparison group – 10,0% (p <0,05); for DBP – along with an increase in the number of patients «Non-dippers», there was a significant increase in the group «Night-peakers» – 40,0%, in the comparison group – 10,0% (p <0,05).


Power transmission lines are the vital links that achieve the essential continuity of service of electrical power to the end users. Transmission lines connect the generating stations and load centers. As the generating stations are far away from the load centers they run over hundreds of kilometers. Hence, the chances of fault occurring in transmission lines are very high. One of the faults is short circuit fault. Since faults can destabilize the power system they must be isolated immediately. Fault analysis is very important issue in power system engineering in order that to clear faults quickly and restore power supply as soon as possible witb. minimum interruption. Signal processing is one of the most important parts of the digital distance protection schemes. The faulted phases identification is done by analyzing the detail coefficients of the phase currents. To distinguish ground faults from phase to phase ones, the analysis of the smooth coefficients of the neutral current can be used. This paper focus on the using of wavelet transformation to identify kinds and location of short circuit faults in power transmission lines


Seed storage studies conducted ambinent conditions with three exotic clones FS 3108, FS 339 and Anjan and one local revealed significant clonal differences in the period of seed dormancy, germination and seedling vigour. Exotic Clone Anjan recorded the highest germination of 89.0% after 12 months of storage, while the local, the lowest of 40.0% after 18 months of storage. A close association was ev dent between seed germination and seedling vigour.


With growing awareness of the unique health risks and disparate outcomes among sexual and gender minority (SGM), for example, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) populations, the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) recently released a report highlighting these health disparities. Among the conditions discussed, the NASEM stressed the importance of assessing and addressing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk behaviours leading to adverse outcomes across the lifespan and specifically called attention to the need for preventive health interventions.


cognitive canine and precision canine present stress. preliminary assessment of cognitive impairments in canine. cognitive behaviour therapy cbt better health channel. canine performance sciences. gnt pharma s ropesalazine effective in treating dog. inside your dog s mind victoria stilwell positively. plasma amyloid peptides in canine aging and cognitive. management of canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome the. shelter canine behavior evaluations why the animal rescue. cognitive dysfunction in naturally occurring canine. an observational study with longterm followup of canine. cognitive function progression of age related behavioral. kalia ii canine panions for independence home. cognitive dysfunction in naturally occurring canine. nutritional supplementation in cases of canine cognitive. frequently asked questions life vantage. syllabus tcvm. proderma canine professional skin amp coat advanced. nutritional supplementation in cases of canine cognitive. sigmund freud and the art of dog training part ii


to anyone vaguely familiar with the publications that continue to come out of the Tiber Valley Project. The contributions to the second part of the volume once again reinforce the latter point, with chapters on subjects as diverse as 'Villas, horticulture and irrigation infrastructure' (A. Wilson, 731–68), late antique burials (V. Fioccho Nicolai, 'Nuove acquisizioni nell'ambito dell'archeologia funeraria tardoantica nella media valle del Tevere', 533–59), and the supply of basalt for the construction of roads (S. Black, J. Browning and R. Laurence, 'From quarry to road: the supply of basalt for road paving in the Tiber valley', 705–30) — let alone the chronological surveys based (primarily) on ceramic distribution patterns, or the chapters presenting the results of recent eldwork. (The space available for this review does not allow one to scratch the contents of these contributions even on the surface; many of these, in contrast to the work on the upper valley discussed in more detail above, have already been presented in other publications related to the Tiber Valley Project.) Following on from this, it is an overall outlook and a uniting theme going beyond the broadly unifying criterion of recent studies in the archaeology of the upper and middle Tiber valley which are critically missing from the volume — with the notable exception of Witcher's paper (see above) and the somewhat deterministic and unconvincing modelling suggested by S. Graham in his contribution ('The space between: the geography of social networks in the Tiber valley', 671– 86). Yet, as a collection of recent approaches and results, this volume is of crucial importance to anyone working in this part of the world — and this relevance goes far beyond the archaeological community, stretching to historians of the text and students of ancient literature alike. Still, it remains regrettable to note that the editors do not provide an overall introduction, even if this were merely to expand upon the inspired (or so it would seem) Leitmotif of Mercator placidissimus. As it stands, the volume thus remains a collection of excellent papers, geographically coherent yet not pushing all the way to give the reader more than the sum of the individual contributions. This last criticism notwithstanding, Mercator Placidissimus ought to and, no doubt, will become one of the standard collections of work in the archaeology of central Italy. Some of the editing of, in particular, the contributions in English leaves room for improvement, as do a number of illustrations and maps. However, this cannot in any way be blamed on either the editors or contributors to what is, overall, a highly promising addition to the eld.


In studying temperature fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background Weinberg has noted that some ease of calculation and insight can be achieved by looking at the structure of the perturbed light cone on which the perturbed photons propagate. In his approach Weinberg worked in a specific gauge and specialized to fluctuations around the standard Robertson-Walker cosmological model with vanishing spatial three-curvature. In this paper we generalize this analysis by providing a gauge invariant treatment in which no choice of gauge is made, and by considering geometries with non-vanishing spatial three-curvature. By using the scalar, vector, tensor fluctuation basis we find that the relevant gauge invariant combinations that appear in the light cone temperature fluctuations have no explicit dependence on the spatial curvature even if the spatial curvature of the background geometry is nonvanishing. We find that a not previously considered, albeit not too consequential, temperature fluctuation at the observer has to be included in order to enforce gauge invariance. As well as working with comoving time we also work with conformal time in which a background metric of any given spatial three-curvature can be written as a time-dependent conformal factor (the comoving time expansion radius as written in conformal time) times a static Robertson-Walker geometry of the same spatial three-curvature. For temperature fluctuations on the light cone this conformal factor drops out identically. Thus the gauge invariant combinations that appear in the photon temperature fluctuations have no explicit dependence on either the conformal factor or the spatial three-curvature at all.


We investigated the effect of electro-induced multi-gas modification (EIMGM) duration on the adhesion and wear resistance of PET and LDPE polymer substrates used in the printing industry. It was found that EIMGM increases the polar component and the complete free surface energy from 26 to 57 mJ/m2 for LDPE and from 37 to 67 mJ/m2 for PET (due to the formation of oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the materials). Although the degree of textural and morphological heterogeneity of the modified LDPE increased more than twice compared to the initial state, it is not still suitable for application as a substrate in extrusion 3D printing. However, for PET, the plasma-chemical modification contributed to a significant increase (~5 times) in filament adhesion to its surface (due to chemical and morphological transformations of the surface layers) which allows for using the FFF technology for additive prototyping on the modified PET-substrates.


Using the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator pulsed neutron source and a 1-mm-thick lithium glass detector, neutron transmission spectra through /sup 232/Th have been measured at 22- and 40-m flight paths. At 22 m, transmission spectra through samples of five thicknesses were measured from 7 mev to 15 ev. At 40 m, spectra through samples of eight thicknesses were measured from 15 ev to 4 kev. The resulting total cross section from 0.1 to 20.0 ev is smaller than that given by the ENDF/B-V evaluation. Least-squares shape analysis of the transmissions up to 2.0 kev gives larger neutron widths above 0.5 kev than those previously reported. An average radiation width of 25.2 mev is obtained for 19 low-energy s-wave resonances.


Abstract We present detailed models of the edge-on protoplanetary disk ESO Hα 569 (SSTgbs J111110.7-764157) from resolved scattered light images from HST and a complete spectral energy distribution. Data was obtained as part of an HST campaign to catalogue edge-on disks around young stars in nearby star forming regions (HST program 12514, PI: Karl Stapelfeldt). We confirm that this object is an optically thick edge-on disk around a young star with an outer radius of 125 AU. Using full radiative transfer models, we probe the distribution of dust grains and overall shape of the disk (inclination, scale height, dust mass, maximum particle size, inner radius, flaring exponent and surface/volume density exponent).


General Administration of Pharmaceutical Care at Ministry of Health (GAPC-MOH) in Saudi Arabia is responsible of implementing pharmaceutical care and related issues to all pharmaceutical care services of health care setting. General administration of pharmaceutical care established updated strategic plan after reviewing several strategic plans of national and international pharmaceutical organizations. The Strategic plan contains 5 general strategies, 15 initiatives, and 83 projects. The plan should follow up by assessment elements measures to reach successful results, its including but not limited general pharmacy services assessment, medication safety assessment, and patient satisfaction of pharmacy services, pharmacist competency, and pharmacist job satisfaction. The strategic plan for governmental pharmaceutical administrations is pathway map for all health care providers with emphasis on pharmacists, clinical pharmacists and pharmacy administrators. It is needed to implement pharmaceutical care in organized and long term method, to improve patient's outcome, and avoiding unnecessary cost in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Key word: Strategic, Plan, Pharmaceutical Care, Administration, Pharmacist, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia. Introduction The Cambrige dictionary difined the strategic planning as " a process in which a company's executives decide what they want to achieve and the best actions and use of resources for doing this"[1]. The business dictionary difined the strategic plan as "a systematic process of envisioning a desired future, and translating this vision into broadly defined goals or objectives and a sequence of steps to achieve them"[2]. In pharmacy text book indentified strategic planning as " the process of selecting an organization's goals, determining the policies and programs (strategies) necessary to achieve specific objectives en route to those goals, and establishing methods necessary to ensure that the policies and strategic programs are implemented" [3]. If serach in the litterature thrugh pubmed serach engine from 1960s up to date about pharmacy strategic planning you will find either pharmay societies or scatered different department within entire hospitals or pharmacy council. May be the oldest institution started with stragetic planning was American Society of Health System Pharmacists (ASHP) through board society or periodic conferences or pharmacy leaders [4-10]. Several Pharmacy societies or institutions later on establisted phramacy strategic plan for instant; American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) [11], British general pharmaceutical council strategic plan [12], International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) vision, mission and strategic plan [13], The pharmacy council's vision , mission strategic plan at New Zealand [14]. Some internal hospital pharmacy departments in USA designed phrmacy strategic plann but there is not updating for their plan[15]. The authors are not a ware of any publications a bout pharmacy strategic planning designed by any Ministery of Health at any counties in the world wide including but not limited to USA, UK, European countries or Japan. In Saudi Arabia, General Administration of Pharmaceutical Care at Ministry of Health (GAPC-MOH) established the first strategic in a period of 2007 -2012 [16]. In early 2012 new administrators with his team try to update the strategic plan based on discribed method. In this paper we wish to explore strategic plan of general administration of pharmaceutical care at Ministry of Health for coming 10 years 2012-2022. Method GAPC-MOH founded in 2001, It responsible for implementation to more 250 MOH hospital pharmacies, 136 privates' hospital pharmacies, 209 specialized centres, more than 2250 primary care centres pharmacies, and more than 7000 community pharmacies [17]. GAPC-MOH established task force committee which was consisting from the authors. The committee had reviewed strategic plan based on strategic plan on MOH [1819], pharmaceutical care gulf countries committee plans and standards [20]. In addition; strategic planning of ASHP, ACCP, British general pharmaceutical council, FIP, and the pharmacy council's at New Zealand had reviewed. The committee issued