Abstract It has frequently been suggested that the psychological consequences of involvement in new religious movements or cults can be profound for those who come into contact with them. To explore this further a study was carried out to investigate the relationship between personality, group membership of The Family (a new religious movement or cult) and mental health. Sixty six subjects (22 males, 44 females) in three different groups took part in this study. Group 1: Ex-members who felt negative about their involvement with The Family. Group 2: Present day members of The Family. Group 3: Ex-members who felt positive about their involvement with The Family. They completed two personality inventories (The Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire combined with the psychoticism scale of the Short Form of the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the Beck Sociotrophy-Autonomy Scale). The results from this study were consistent with previous research indicating that experiences within the group inc...


In Greek thought, barbaroi are utterers of unintelligible or inarticulate sounds. What importance does the text of Herodotus's Histories attribute to language as a criterion of ethnic identity? The answer to this question illuminates the empirical foundations of Herodotus's pluralistic worldview. The first translator of cultures also translates, describes, and evaluates foreign speech to a degree unparalleled by other Greek ancient authors. For Herodotus, language is an area of interesting but surprisingly unproblematic difference, which he offers to his audience as a model for coming to terms in a neutral way with other, more emotionally charged, cultural differences.


This issue of Training agenda focuses on the integration of English literacy, language and numeracy in vocational education and training curriculum practice.


Township financial risks are affecting the normal work and stability of the grassroots political power.It is a serious problem which can restrict local economic development and affect social stability.It is an indisputable fact that there are widespread financial risks in China's township.The issue has been received the attention of various aspects of social.In recent years,with the advance of reform of taxes and fees in countryside,the potential risks and pitfalls has become more obvious in township finance.The external factors which cause township financial risks were analyzed in this article.Some management and control recommendations in this regard were given.It has great practical significance in guarding against and defusing financial risks of the township government and ensuring the realization of township financial functions.


Although not all endowment and foundation funds have exactly the same objectives, they all must address four investment variables-the fund's time horizon, capital market returns, the fund's asset allocation, and the fund's spending policy. Moreover, all funds face the problem of inflation and its effects on maintaining spending in real terms. These common concerns raise questions about how endowments and foundations are to meet their objectives in the future.


The present thesis studies some important random walk-based algorithms, which are randomized rumor spreading and balanced allocation protocols on networks. In the rst part of the thesis, we study the Push and the Push-Pull protocols introduced by [DGG+87], which are basic randomized protocols for information dissemination on networks. In Chapter 2, we propose a new model where the number of calls of each node in every round is chosen independently according to a probability distribution R with bounded mean determined at the beginning of the process. In addition to the model being a natural extension of the standard protocols, it also serves as a more realistic model for rumor spreading in a network whose entities are not completely uniform and may have di erent levels of power. We provide both lower and upper bounds on the rumor spreading time depending on statistical properties of R such as the mean or the variance. While it is well-known that the standard protocols need Θ(log n) rounds to spread a rumor on a complete network with n nodes, we show that, if R follows a power law distribution with exponent β ∈ (2, 3), then the Push-Pull protocol spreads a rumor in Θ(log log n) rounds. Moreover, when β = 3, we show a runtime of Θ ( logn log logn ) . In Chapter 3, we analyze the behavior of the standard Push-Pull protocol on a class of random graphs, called random k-trees for every integer k > 2, that are suitable to model poorly connected, small-world and scale free networks. Here, we show that the Push-Pull protocol propagates a rumor from a randomly chosen informed node to almost all nodes of a random k-tree with n nodes in O((log n)1+ck) rounds with high probability, where 0 3 can be any integer. Let l be a given positive integer. In each round t, 1 6 t 6 n, ball t picks a node of G uniformly at random and performs a nonbacktracking random walk of length l from the chosen node. Then it deterministically selects a subset of the visited nodes as the potential choices and allocates itself on one of the choices with minimum load (ties are broken uniformly at random). Provided G has a su ciently large girth, we establish an upper bound for the maximum number of balls at any bin after allocating n balls by the algorithm. We also show that the upper bound is tight up to a O(log log n) factor. In particular, we show that if we set l = b(log n) 1+ 2 c, for any constant ∈ (0, 1], and G has girth at least ω(l), then the maximum load is bounded by O(1/ ) with high probability.


The oleaginous plants are invaluable reservoirs with food use, but also industrial. In the current context of environmental protection, green oilseed based chemistery finds a revival. Bibliographical data are rather rich in experiments of introduction of new oleaginous cultures as sources of oil and fatty acids for that purpose. This note attempts to draw up an inventory.


We propose a new class of galactic discrete 7-ray sources, the chaotic, high mass-loss-rate winds from luminous early-type stars. Early-type stellar winds are highly unstable due to intrinsic line-driven instabilities, and so are permeated by numerous strong shocks. These shocks can accelerate a small fraction of thermal electrons and ions to relativistic energies via the first-order Fermi mechanism. A power-law-like photon spectrum extending from keV to above 10 MeV energies is produced by inverse Compton scattering of the extremely abundant stellar UV photons by the relativistic electrons. In addition, a typical T°-decay "}'-ray spectrum is generated by proton-ion interactions in the densest part of the winds.


ABSTRACT Background: MTUYH and OGG1 genes have importance in the base excision repair systems of oxidized DNA bases. Modification of the tissue expression of these genes is related to the increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Aim: To evaluate the tissue expression of MUTYH and OGG1 comparing normal and neoplastic tissues of patients with sporadic colorectal cancer and to correlate it with clinical and histopathological variables. Method: MUTYH and OGG1 tissue expression was quantified by RT-PCR in patients with colorectal cancer and the values were compared in normal and neoplastic tissues. MUTYH and OGG1 expression was measured and normalized to the constitutive 18S gene. The level of expression of both genes was correlated with the variables: age, gender, tumor location, size of the tumor, histological type, degree of cell differentiation, invasion depth in the intestinal wall, angiolymphatic infiltration, lymph node involvement and TNM staging. Results: Was found downregulation of both genes in neoplastic when compared to normal tissue. There was downregulation of the MUTYH in larger tumors and in patients with angiolymphatic invasion. Tumors with more advanced TNM stages (III and IV) presented downregulation of both genes when compared to those with earlier stages (I and II). Conclusion: The MUTYH and OGG1 genes present downregulation in the more advanced stages of colorectal cancer.


Due to the rising emissions of the ozone precursor substances, elevated ozone concentrations may cover large areas in Europe for either shorter episodic or longer periods under certain meteorological conditions. These elevated concentrations can be harmful to agricultural and natural vegetation. Ozone basically reacts by plants through the stomata. Therefore, it can be state that the stomatal ozone flux is more appropriate measure for ozone damage than AOT 40 value, and this flux depends on the soil wetness state in the moderate soil water availability conditions. To this and the goal of this study is to analyse the sensitivity of ozone dry deposition to the soil wetness state. For estimating stomatal deposition of ozone over Hungary, an Eulerian photochemical reaction-transport model and a detailed ozone dry deposition model were coupled. The combined model was tested for a sunny, summer day (23rd July, 1998).


During the treatment of deaf-mums, it has been found that patients with prelinguistic deafness still cannot recognize what they hear after cochlear implants. That's because the neural circuitry between the auditory cortex and the cognitive cortex is not activated effectively as they develop. The current treatment to improve hearing cognition is to force patients to adapt a large number of different tones of word stimulation and music listening training. However, these methods still have the problem of low efficiency and low activation of neural circuits. To solve this problem, we need to identify the areas of the cortex that are activated effectively in the process of perceiving sound, processing sound. In this study, we analyzed the EEG data collected during hearing test, we calculated the correlation of brain regions and analyzed activation in normal human auditory tests based on ICA after noise removal using time-frequency analysis and pearson correlation. We observed the activation process of brain regions in the process of auditory processing, and found the effective activation region of the brain. In the future, we will further investigate the relationship between the activated regions of the brain.


A simple model for quality has been developed. Provides a framework for both analysis and education on quality issues, and focuses on the main features of total quality management of communication, commitment, customer focus and continuous improvement.


There is investigated the role of the modern mass media in the process of preservation of cultural heritage. There is considered the issue of increasing consumerism of culture and replacement of restoration of cultural monuments by their reconstruction.


Nociceptin (N/OFQ) is the endogenous ligand for the nociceptin receptor (NOP). Our previous studies have demonstrated that N/OFQ is dilator within the rat mesenteric microcirculation in vivo, and this response is inhibited by the novel N/OFQ antagonist [Nphe1,Arg14,Lys15]N/OFQ‐NH2 (UFP101). However, its effects on microvascular blood flow are uncertain. Male Wistar rats (220–300g) were anesthestized with thiopental (30mg/kg bolus, 40–90 mg/kg/hr infusion, i.v). The jugular vein was cannulated for administration of 1μm fluorescent microspheres (0.1mL/100g), N/OFQ (0.6, 3, 15 and 60ng/kg) and UFP101 (60,150nmol/kg). Mesenteric blood flow velocity and blood flow were measured in arterioles and venules using intravital microscopy. Compared to baseline (BL) N/OFQ caused a decrease in velocity (arterioles/venules, BL: 2932 ±27 /1230 ±370μm/s, 15nmol/kg N/OFQ: 2089±180/755 ± 250 μm/s) (P<0.05), responses that were abolished by 150nmol/kg UFP101. N‐OFQ only induced a slight decrease in blood flow (NS) in arterioles and venules (BL: 0.05 ± 0.00/0.02 ± 0.02mL/min, 15nmol/kg N/OFQ: 0.04 ± 0.01/0.04 ± 0.01 mL/min). UFP101 alone had no effect on either velocity or blood flow. In conclusion, blood flow to the mesentery is maintained in response to N/OFQ.


A number of research groups worldwide are studying electronic implants that can be mounted on retina/ optic nerve/ visual cortex to restore vision of patients suffering from retinal degeneration. The implants consist of a neural interface made of biocompatible materials, one or more integrated circuits for stimuli generation, a camera, an image processor, and a telemetric channel. The realization of these classes of neural prosthetic devices is largely due to the explosive development of micro- and nano-electronics technologies in the late 20th century and biotechnologies more recently. Animal experiments showed promise and some human experiments are in progress to indicate that recognition of images can be obtained and improved over time. We, at NBS-ERC of SNU, have started our own retinal implant project in 2000. We have selected polyimide as the biomaterial for an epi-retinal stimulator. In-vitro and in-vivo biocompatibility studies have been performed on the electrode arrays. We have obtained good affinity to retinal pigment epithelial cells and no harmful effect. The implant also showed very good stability and safety in rabbit eye for 12 weeks. We have also demonstrated that through proper stimulation of inner retina, meaning vision can be obtained.


ABSTRACT The student engagement framework, originally developed for the US educational system, has become increasingly recognised internationally as a means of fostering learning gains in higher education. Despite its recognition, some researchers raise a question about the applicability of this framework in other cultural contexts. Our research extends the existing literature on student engagement by filling the gap of knowledge about the cross-cultural applicability of the student engagement framework. Utilising multi-group structural equation modelling, this paper answers the question about the national differences in associations between student engagement dimensions and the development of generic skills. Data collected from 21 universities across the U.S.A., China, Japan, and Russia, were used. Relying on student engagement literature, four student engagement dimensions were constructed: (1) class engagement, (2) extra effort to meet course objectives or own learning tasks, (3) disengagement, and (4) collaborative learning. The findings support multi-group invariance of the associations between student engagement dimensions and the perceived gains in generic skills across all participating countries. Regardless of country specifics, the extra effort and collaborative learning significantly contribute to the development of generic skills while disengagement has a negative effect.


This short paper discusses the "Integrating Data Mining and Data Management Technologies for Scholarly Inquiry" project. In this "Round Two" Digging Into Data Challenge award, we explored uses and approaches for large-scale data analysis and processing for the Humanities and Social Sciences through the integration of several infrastructure frameworks: Cheshire, iRODS, and Amazon Web Services (EC2 computing and S3 storage). Our "big data" consisted of the entire texts collection of the Internet Archive (approximately 3.6 million volumes) and the entire JSTOR database. We performed surface-level natural language processing on this data to identify noun phrases and further refinements to identify personal, corporate, and geographic names. We then used resources including library and archival authority records to identify variants and merge names. The goal is to create an integrated index of persons, places, and organizations referenced in our collections.


Puri high-the dissipative structure theory states that the non-equilibrium system away from the equilibrium state can be biological,physical,chemical and social.Dissipative structure theory in the natural sciences has been widely used and is immeasurable in the social scientific theory system.This paper analyzes the basic content of dissipative structure theory and its impact on the sustainable development and the significance of the sustainable development in the dissipative structure system.This paper tries to make the dissipative structure system extend to the sustainable development system,to explore the harmonious development of the nature and the human society.


Time-resolved, in situ XANES studies of some cerium titanate pyrochlores and a fluorite-type bismuth-cerium oxide under reducing and oxidizing gas atmospheres reveal that reduction of cerium occurs at temperature below 500 degrees C in each of the materials. Cerium oxidation state during these treatments is quantified by deconvolution of the Ce L-III-edge XANES signal using fitted Lorentzians and comparison to data from reference materials of known average oxidation state. In the case of the cerium titanate pyrochlore, complementary XANES experiments at the Ti K-edge show that average titanium oxidation state is largely unaffected on reduction of the sample, although small changes in titanium local environment are apparent that are most likely due to thermal expansion effects as well as an expansion of the structure due to the reduction of cerium. Reoxidation of the pyrochlore is extremely facile, occurring even under hydrogen, which may be attributed to an increase in crystallite size and loss of oxide-rich surfaces, which is backed up by TEM observations.


High-end graphics processing units (GPUs), such as NVIDIA Fermi/Tesla series cards, are widely applied to the high performance computing fields in a decade. NVIDIA releases Tegra K1, called Jetson TK1, which contains 4 ARM Cortex-A15 CPUs and 192 CUDA cores (Kepler GPU) is an embedded board with low cost, low power consumption, and high applicability advantages for several specific applications. In the previous work, we have constructed a bioinformatics platform based on single NVIDIA Jetson TK1, and ClustalWtk tool for multiple sequence alignments was designed on this platform. With more and more biological sequences generated and high computing power requirement, it is necessary to construct a cluster platform based on multiple NVIDIA Jetson TK1. In this paper, a bioinformatics platform based on a cluster of multiple NVIDIA Jetson TK1 is constructed. Besides, two job assignment modes are proposed in this platform: one is a "user selected" mode and another is an "automatic assigned" mode. ClustalWtk tool also is ported on this platform with these two modes, respectively.


A kind of RRRPR mixed driving five-bar mechanism with differential gearing system was inducted in this paper.This mechanism let the five-bar mechanism be combined with the bevel wheeled differential gear train thus made the output turning angle and length of side link possess a coupled characteristics.By means of installing the real-time controllable motor onto the frame so as to eliminate the influence of motor quality on the dynamics property of mechanism and to improve the operating condition.The dynamics analysis and synthetic method of this mechanism was introduced and the motion law of controllable motor was found by reverse seeking.Viewing from the synthetic example of the mechanism it is shown that this mechanism could evidently reduce the amount of adjustment of the controllable motor.


Goss textured silicon steel laminations are commonly used i n the cores of electrical transformers because of their high permeability. In pra ctice, the flux lines are parallel to the longitudinal axes of the sheets in the major p art of the transformer core. Due to the Goss texture, the material behaves magnetic ally anisotropic [2]. With an Epstein frame or a single sheet tester, it is possible to measure the nonlinear and anisotropic behaviour of the material. Due to the unidirectional character of such measurements, one cannot retrieve the directi on of the magnetization vector. This paper proposes a way to determine this dire ction by combining the information obtained from measurements, the total ener gy function and the crystal orientation distribution function (CODF). The macroscopic behaviour is the result of microscopic proc esses. It can be described in terms of a competition between field energy and ani sotropy energy [2]. Assuming that all flux lines are parallel to the surface of the soft-magnetic sheet, the equations for these energies can be simplified. The direc tion of the magnetization vector in the cubic crystal, when the magnitude a nd direction of the applied field vector are given, is then determined by the mini um of the total energy function. The link between the microscopic and the ma croscopic level is drawn by means of the CODF, which statistically expresses th fact that a perfect Goss texture does not exist in practice [3]. It is possible as well to simplify the CODF into a probabilistic function describing the distribu tion of the< 001 > crystal axes in the surface of the sheet. By determining the m agnetization direction for each fraction of crystals and averaging the result o ver all fractions, the direction of the global magnetization vector is obtained. I n the following steps of this approach, its magnitude can be determined from the me asur d magnetization curves. With these elements, the magnetic anisotrop y is entirely defined and all components of the permeability tensor can be compute d.


Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of expression of COX-2 and p53 protein in colonic adenoma with or without malignant change. Methods: We studied twenty-five cases of colonic adenoma with malignant change and twenty-five cases of colonic adenoma without malignant change treated by colonoscopic polypectomy in Chungnam National University Hospital from January, 1999 to July, 2002. We compared the expression of COX-2 and p53 protein by immunohistochemical stain in both group. Results: In immunohistochemical staining, the expression of COX-2 was demonstrated 68.0% (17 of 25) of colonic adenoma with malignant change and not different with that of colonic adenoma without malignant change. The overexpression of p53 protein was detected immunohistochemically in 88.0% (22 of 25) of colonic adenoma with malignant change and 32% (8 of 25) of colonic adenoma only (p<0.05). Conclusions: The degree of COX-2 expression was similar in colonic adenoma and colonic adenoma with malignant change, but the expression of p53 in colonic adenoma with malignant change was significantly higher (p<0.05). These results suggest COX-2 might operate on early step of adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Also these results remind us that mutation of p53 gene operates on the late step of adenoma-carcinoma sequence.


ABSTRACT Glyphosate has been widely used to control greater beggarticks populations that are resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors in South America. However, herbicide control failures has been observed over the last three growing seasons in grain production areas of Paraguay. In this research, we report the first case of multiple resistance to glyphosate (EPSPs) and imazethapyr (ALS) in greater beggarticks (Bidens subalternans) population from Paraguay. This conclusion was supported by dose-response experiments conducted in two consecutive years (2018 and 2019) with a putative resistant (R) and a susceptible (S) population. Alternative herbicides were also tested for post-emergence control of R population. For glyphosate, the resistant factor (RF) values were 8.8- (2018) and 15.7-fold (2019). For imazethapyr, the RF values were 59- and 58-fold, in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Treatments with 2,4-D, dicamba, 2,4-D + glyphosate, dicamba + glyphosate, lactofen, fomesafen, ammonium-glufosinate, atrazine, and bentazon provided more than 80% control of the R population. This is the first case of multiple resistance to glyphosate and imazethapyr in greater beggarticks (Bidens subalternans) in the world. The mechanisms underlying resistance in this biotype should be evaluated in future research.


In this work we propose a novel, sound framework for evolutionary feature selection in unsupervised machine learning problems. We show that unsupervised feature selection is inherently multi-objective and behaves differently from supervised feature selection in that the number of features must be maximized instead of being minimized. Although this might sound surprising from a supervised learning point of view, we exemplify this relationship on the problem of data clustering and show that existing approaches do not pose the optimization problem in an appropriate way. Another important consequence of this paradigm change is a method which segments the Pareto sets produced by our approach. Inspecting only prototypical points from these segments drastically reduces the amount of work for selecting a final solution. We compare our methods against existing approaches on eight data sets.


Foreign-catalyzed assisted grown nanowires deteriorate the performance of optoelectronic devices because of incorporation of foreign impurities into the nanowires. We report on growth self-catalyzed p-type GaAs nanowires (NWs) with pure zinc blende (ZB) structure, and the fabrication of single-NW-based photodetector. The carrier mobility and concentration of GaAs field effect transistor are characterized both at room temperature and at low temperature respectively. Due to the absence of stacking faults and single crystal phase of the NWs, the photodetector exhibits room-temperature high photo-responsivity over than 105 A W-1 and great specific detectivity, which outperforms previously reported NW-based photodetectors. These results demonstrate that these self-catalyzed pure-ZB GaAs NWs to be promising candidates for optoelectronics applications. In addition, optoelectronic properties of single quantum dots embedded in single nanowires will be represented with an applied magnetic field.


In recent years, the complex international environment and economic situation have made soybean futures prices increasingly unstable, which is not conducive to financial stability. Therefore, this paper uses a BO-CNN-LSTM model to accurately predict soybean futures prices and to manage price fluctuations for investors and governments. Firstly, LSTM network is employed to predict soybean futures prices using the local features extracted by CNN network. In addition, CNN-LSTM hyperparameters are optimally solved using Bayesian optimization algorithms. Finally, the constructed model is compared with BP neural network, LSTM model and CNN-LSTM model. This paper selects the basic daily data of the soybean futures contract No.1 of Dalian Commodity Exchange from 2014 to 2021 for research. According to the results, CNN-LSTM models based on Bayesian optimization algorithms perform best. Compared with the basic CNN-LSTM model, MAPE increased by 44.17%, RMSE increased by 24.61%, MAE increased by 41.48%, and R2 increased by 0.06%, which demonstrates Bayesian optimization's superiority.


We present a solution to the problem of the temperature distribution under the cathode spot of taking into account melting and spare deposits of metal, brought to boiling temperature on the surface of the cathode spot. The process of heat transfer in the metal is described by the unsteady three dimensional heat conduction equation in Cartesian coordinate system. Similarly, we present a solution to the problem of the temperature distribution in the presence of the pores in the surface layer of the metal. To solve this task we used a numerical method to finite differences and variable directions. We present the calculated data on the distribution of temperature under the cathode spot for different values of spot diameters and speeds its movement.


Computer science (CS) is widely recognized as a field with a significant gender gap despite the growing prevalence of computing. Several factors including CS attitudes, exposure to CS, experience with computer programming, and confidence in using computers are understood to be correlated with the low participation of women in CS. These factors also play an important role in students' interest in CS careers and are particularly crucial during secondary school. However, there is a dearth of research that examines differences in how these factors are inter-correlated for younger students (ages 11-13). The purpose of this study was to generate and test a statistical model that demonstrates the inter-correlation amongst these factors with respect to gender. A total of 260 middle school students participated in this study. Four instruments measuring students' CS attitudes, confidence in using computers, CS conceptual understanding, and prior experience with CS-related activities were used. Structural equation modeling was utilized to test the hypothesized model. The findings showed that previous participation in CS-related activities had a significant direct effect on CS attitudes and confidence in using computers, but the effect on students' CS conceptual understanding was indirect. We also found that in a female specific model, previous participation had a significantly stronger direct effect on CS attitudes compared to its effect in a male specific model. The importance of providing more CS-related experience, especially to female students, as well as suggestions on activities that promote gender equity in the field are discussed.


Imre Nagy is remembered above all as the prime minister of Hungary who remained true to his decisions during the revolution of October‐November 1956. This was a course of action which led, ultimately, to his death on the gallows. This heroic image was only enhanced by the solemn re‐interment of his remains on 16 June 1989, which was symbolic of the recent democratic transformation of Hungary. In addition, his name is connected with the 'thaw' in 1953 that followed the darkest years of Stalin's regime in the Soviet Union, when Nagy served as the prime minister of the 'New Course' government in Hungary.


Alternative schemes for "saving" Social Security are much in the air, as Congress and the President confront the forthcoming retirement of the baby boom generation. Social Security was an integral part of the New Deal program. Its now-distant Depression-era origins are often cited as proof of an overdue need for reform by those calling for radical changes. In contrast, to those traditional liberals resisting drastic changes, Social Security's New Deal origins put the program on hallowed ground. Histories of Social Security's passage focus on the views of the various "progressive" reform movements and currents of thought that eventually came together to frame the Social Security Act in 1935. The respectable reformers, government ofŽ cials, and business leaders who played a part in the Act's creation left behind a paper trail of documents, articles, and archives. For academics reviewing this history, there is a natural tendency to concentrate on this mainstream documentation. There is a troubling element, however, in the bias toward respectability. It is often the case that those proposing radical economic and social remedies have an in uence on the political process, even if their schemes are not adopted. And the proponents of respectable proposals sometimes undertake less than honorable tactics to discredit their radical critics. Such tactics are not necessarily given prominent attention when the winners write the history of their success. At the time Social Security was before Congress, the alternative Townsend Plan—a radical pension scheme that attracted millions of devoted followers—was also under consideration. Under the Townsend Plan, each person over 60 would have been granted a monthly pension of $200 per month—a huge sum at the time—on condition he/she not work and spend all the money within the month. The Townsend stipend was unrelated to past work history or wages. It contained no pre-funding of beneŽ ts. The Townsend Plan was decidedly not a mainstream proposal. Unlike the Social Security program that emerged, the Townsend Plan did not have behind it a long history of academic and political debate. The Townsend Plan would have involved a vast income transfer and entailed a major price increase, among other drawbacks. Moreover, the "archives" left behind by the Townsendites consist largely of propaganda pamphlets, newsletters to the faithful, and an autobiography of its founder. The Townsend Plan, in short, was not respectable—then or now. Yet, although histories of Social Security give Townsend little attention, there is


We consider the nonautonomous modified Swift-Hohenberg equation
$$u_t+\Delta^2u+2\Delta
u+au+b|\nabla u|^2+u^3=g(t,x)$$
on a bounded smooth domain
$\Omega\subset\R^n$
with $n\leqslant 3$. We show that, if
$|b|<4$ and the external force $g$
satisfies some appropriate assumption, then the associated process has a
unique pullback attractor in the Sobolev space
$H_0^2(\Omega)$. Based on this existence, we
further prove the existence of a family of invariant Borel probability
measures and a statistical solution for this equation.


This study purposed to analyze the relation between the holding of the 2011 Daegu World Championship in Athletics and local residents' consciousness. For this, we examined the relation between demographic characteristics and the importance of the holding of the Daegu World Championship in Athletics, and the relation between the importance of the holding of the event and local residents. First, local residents' solidarity is enhanced when they recognize highly the economic industrial importance of the holding of the World Championship in Athletics. In addition, their sense of belonging and interaction is enhanced when they recognize highly the economic industrial and social cultural importance of the event, and their emotional intimacy is enhanced when they recognize highly the economic industrial and social cultural importance of the event. Second, when people perceived highly the economic industrial, social cultural, and image related importance of the holding of the World Championship in Athletics, they had a higher intention to attend public briefings and seminars, to participate in volunteer activities, and to visit the stadium during the games. In addition, when they perceived highly the economic industrial importance of the holding, they had a higher intention to recommend visiting the stadium. Third, when people had a higher sense of solidarity and emotional intimacy, they had a higher intention to attend public briefings and seminars, to participate in volunteer activities, to visit the stadium during the games, and to recommend visiting the stadium.


DRIVERS STABLE ELEMENTS DESIGNED FOR DIRECT EXPOSURE TO REAGENTS ENVIRONMENTS AND METHOD OF MAKING. 1 DRIVERS ARE ELEMENTS MADE FROM BODY OF A CARBIDE-SILICON CONTAINING FRACTION MINOR CONDUCTING PARTICLE sCATTERED SO UNIFORM. THE BODY MAY HAVE AN ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY LOW ENOUGH TO BE ABLE TO BE USED as part HEATING DIRECT CONTACT WITH PARTS 7 TREAT UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE. APPLICATIONS FOR TREATMENT ROOMS COATING OR COATING PARTS FOR EXAMPLE OF SEMICONDUCTOR.


The common names for plant diseases are as provocative as they are venerable: the blotches, blights, and bunts; the scabs, smuts, and rusts; mildews, powdery or downy. Many of the names are centuries old, appearing in the Bible and utilized by the ancient Romans to describe agricultural diseases


The Kepler Mission revolutionized exoplanet science and stellar astrophysics by obtaining highly precise photometry of over 200,000 stars over 4 yr. A critical piece of information to exploit Kepler data is its selection function, since all targets had to be selected from a sample of half a million stars on the Kepler CCDs using limited information. Here we use Gaia DR2 to reconstruct the Kepler selection function and explore possible biases with respect to evolutionary state, stellar multiplicity, and kinematics. We find that the Kepler target selection is nearly complete for stars brighter than Kp < 14 mag and was effective at selecting main-sequence stars, with the fraction of observed stars decreasing from 95% to 60% between 14 < Kp < 16 mag. We find that the observed fraction for subgiant stars is only 10% lower, confirming that a significant number of subgiants selected for observation were believed to be main-sequence stars. Conversely we find a strong selection bias against low-luminosity red giant stars (R ≈ 3–5R ⊙, T eff ≈ 5500 K), dropping from 90% at Kp = 14 mag to below 30% at Kp = 16 mag, confirming that the target selection was efficient at distinguishing dwarfs from giants. We compare the Gaia Re-normalized Unit Weight Error (RUWE) values of the observed and nonobserved main-sequence stars and find a difference in elevated (>1.2) RUWE values at ∼σ significance, suggesting that the Kepler target selection shows some bias against either close or wide binaries. We furthermore use the Gaia proper motions to show that the Kepler selection function was unbiased with respect to kinematics.


The author comments on the importance of the World Medical & Health Policy journal in light of current medical policy needs. It is suggested that we need to share knowledge and different health management innovation more quickly and effectively, and that health communications is key.


The problem posed by isotope separation by gaseous diffusion, passing through a porous wall, is described. The separation yields of one barrier and one diffusion cell are discussed. The recent principal works in this region are reviewed. (tr-auth)


There are millions of pages are there on web. Therefore need to find the popular pages.Page rank is a logarithmic calculation to determine page popularity; page rank is one of the factors. Page rank the number counting and links quality to a page to determine a rough estimate of finding important of the website is. The no. of backlink it gives the popularity or importance of website or page. In this paper we have analysed several educational institutions and university to study the page rank and other important interfaces like external back links, referring domains, referring IPs, referring subnet. The proposed web based experimentation to identify these details and further classification and analysis of the web traffic. These external links and interfaces play the major role in the Page rank of any domain. From new organization to the old organization and from group of institutions like JSPM to university like Pune, various web traffics observed through these interfaces which are major contributors in the increasing the page rank.


Although satellite data services have been available for quite some time, the costs associated had restricted their adoption to corporate customers with very specific needs. However, factors like the surge in demand for Internet connectivity and the development of low-cost DVB receivers have re-activated the interest in providing data services over satellite. As a result, a number of competitors have (or will shortly) entered the IP over satellite market offering differently packaged services. BT Satellite Systems have been involved in the development of ways to provide IP services over satellite networks and have investigated a number of technologies (ATM, DVB, …) and network architectures (bi-directional satellite links, one-way satellite link plus terrestrial return, …). This paper reviews the work carried out by Satellite Systems to date and explores the new business opportunities offered by the use of DVB platforms. (5 pages)


With the rapid construction of UHV power grid in China, the difficulty of transmission lines inspection and maintenance has increased dramatically. Thus it is urgent to adopt new technologies to replace the traditional manual mode of transmission lines inspection and maintenance. In this paper, the characteristics and applications in UHV transmission lines inspection of 3G and COFDM technology are analyzed and compared.


A new multidisciplinary design and optimization methodology in electronics packaging is presented. A genetic algorithm combined with multi-disciplinary design and multi-physics analysis tools are used to optimize key design parameters. This methodology is developed to improve the electronic package design process by performing multidisciplinary design and optimization at an early design stage. To demonstrate its capability, the methodology is applied to a Ball Grid Array (BGA) package design. Multidisciplinary criteria including thermal, thermal strain, electromagnetic leakage, and cost are optimized simultaneously. A simplified routability analysis criterion is treated as a constraint. The genetic algorithm is used for systematic design optimization while reducing the total computational time. The present methodology can be applied to any electronics product design at any packaging level from the chip level to the system level.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


An experiment research on the low metamorphic bituminous coal to improve the plasticity and quality was conducted with an au- toclave. The results showed that the coking index of the plasticity material after the low metamorphic bituminous coal hydrogenated could be about 60. The improved plasticity results would be more obvious with the reaction temperature increased, pressures increased and time extended. When the experiment conditions increased to a certain extent, the plasticity improved result would be slow with a reaction pres- sure of 4. 0 MPa, a reaction temperature of 350℃and a reaction time of 50 min.


Electrical resistivity surveys are conducted by injecting a known current into the earth through two electrodes and measuring the resulting voltage across two other electrodes. By varying the locations of the electrodes and applying appropriate interpretation techniques, a three-dimensional model of subsurface material resistivity can be developed. This material resistivity normally reflects either the salinity of the contained fluids or the amount of disseminated clay minerals so the electrical techniques have a broad range of applications in groundwater and environmental investigations.


Provided is a neural device including at least one nano-wire. The neural device includes a nano-wire formed on a base formed on a first surface of a substrate, and an electrode pad formed on a second surface different from the first surface of the substrate and configured to output an electrical signal gained from a neural fiber through the nano-wire or apply a signal for an electric stimulus to the nano-wire. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the nano-wire from becoming embedded in an encapsulation and maximize a contact between the nano-wire and a nerve.


We aim to generate a catalogue of merging galaxies within the 5.4 sq. deg. North Ecliptic Pole over the redshift range $0.0<z<0.3$. To do this, imaging data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam are used along with morphological parameters derived from these same data. The catalogue was generated using a hybrid approach. Two neural networks were trained to perform binary merger non-merger classifications: one for galaxies with $z<0.15$ and another for $0.15 \leq z<0.30$. Each network used the image and morphological parameters of a galaxy as input. The galaxies that were identified as merger candidates by the network were then visually checked by experts. The resulting mergers will be used to calculate the merger fraction as a function of redshift and compared with literature results. We found that 86.3% of galaxy mergers at $z<0.15$ and 79.0% of mergers at $0.15 \leq z<0.30$ are expected to be correctly identified by the networks. Of the 34 264 galaxies classified by the neural networks, 10 195 were found to be merger candidates. Of these, 2109 were visually identified to be merging galaxies. We find that the merger fraction increases with redshift, consistent with literature results from observations and simulations, and that there is a mild star-formation rate enhancement in the merger population of a factor of $1.102 \pm 0.084$.


The concept of a real definition worked out by Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz is still important in the theory of definition and can be developed by applying Hilary Putnam's theory of reference of natural kind terms and Karl Popper's fallibilism. On the one hand, the definiendum of a real definition refers to a natural kind of things and, on the other hand, the definiens of such a definition expresses actual, empirical, fallible knowledge which can be revised and changed.


Load balancing among the processing elements (PEs) of distributed stream processing system (DSPS) is a key issue in the presence of data skewness. Existing data partitioning schemes for DSPS suffer from the scalability problem and system in‐efficiency. Non‐key based partitioning strategies raise prohibitively high memory overhead for the stateful operations with a large number of keys and high data parallelism, while the key‐based schemes introduce load imbalance for highly skewed data. Predicting the nature of stream data in advance can help to reduce the load imbalance among the PEs of DSPS. For this purpose, the heavy hitter algorithms approximate the hot items of streaming data. However, existing designs suffer from unsatisfied prediction accuracy. In this work, we propose an efficient algorithm to filter hot items in a stream of incoming data. The proposed scheme dynamically monitors the items of a stream and greatly improves the accuracy of estimation by keeping the actual key‐value pair for the frequent items. On one hand, to ensure better load balancing for the skewed data streams, the detected hot keys are directed to more than two PEs randomly from the limited workers. On the other hand, for less frequent keys, the proposed scheme explores the principle of the power of two choices to distribute load. We conduct extensive experiments on both real‐world and synthetic data sets. The results show that the proposed pre‐filtering approach significantly outperforms existing designs in terms of prediction accuracy. The results also show that our design achieves a more balanced load as compared to the existing designs.


Wether you accept it or not,the novels on gifted scholars and beautiful ladies declare their objective existence clearly through their plenty works,multitude writers and extensive readers.Howewer,the study on the novels are always ignored by academic world because of the history reasons over a long period of time.This thesis tries to give back the original image of the novels on the point of view,which is to make the reputation of the novels and to comment on the formal criticism on the novels in the academic-world.


COVID-19 has already caused millions of infections, thousands of deaths and countless indirect and poorly estimated consequences on other diseases and the global economy. All ages are potentially susceptible, but the virus has had a lower direct impact on children, with fewer severe cases and low mortality rates. However, the reasons for this are still unclear and we cannot rule out children's role in transmitting the disease. The serious impact that restrictive measures have had on children's lives have not been fully considered. Because children are less affected by COVID-19, the scientific community, health agencies and governments have not focused much attention on them during this pandemic.


Abstract The essential oil content in the aerial parts of the endemic species Pycnocycla caespitosa growing wild in the south of Iran was found to be 0.25 % based on the fresh weight. The oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Fifty one constituents, representing 97.4 % of the oil were identified. The major components of the oil were β-eudesmol (20.3 %), 2,3,6-trimethyl benzaldehyde (13.2 %), Z-β-ocimene (6.1 %), α-pinene (5.9 %), spathulenol (4.6 %) and ρ-cymene (4.3 %).


We devised a colloidal approach for the synthesis of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) in which the only ligands employed are alkyl phosphonic acids. Compared to more traditional syntheses of CsPbBr3 NCs, the present scheme delivers NCs with the following distinctive features: (i) The NCs do not have cubic but truncated octahedron shape enclosed by Pb-terminated facets. This is a consequence of the strong binding affinity of the phosphonate groups toward Pb2+ ions. (II) The NCs have near unity photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), with no need of postsynthesis treatments, indicating that alkyl phosphonic acids are effectively preventing the formation of surface traps. (III) Unlike NCs coated with alkylammonium or carboxylate ligands, the PLQY of phosphonate coated NCs remains constant upon dilution, suggesting that the ligands are tightly bound to the surface.


Evolving planning concepts of future low carbon energy districts take into account multiple energy resources and vectors but, despite the comprehensive approach, they often miss out on capturing interactions between those vectors and do not exploit all the opportunities available by such approach. This paper presents a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) algorithm for modeling operational behavior of aggregated district multi-energy generation units. The resulting aggregated generation portfolio can be seen as a city-level Multi-Energy Virtual Power Plant (MEVPP). Case study results clearly demonstrate benefits of different multi-energy configurations and their interactions under various market conditions, by using an "aggregation benefit matrix" specifically introduced. The outcomes provide strategic indications to energy companies, local authorities, policy makers, etc. in the direction of developing low carbon Smart Cities.


CAPELLA – UltraFast Innovations' light field synthesizer – enables the shaping and sub-cycle control of multi-watt visible laser pulses to not only synthesize any electrical field waveform but also to generate pulses below 2 fs, the shortest ever generated by a commercial device.


Abstract Name : Zulfurqan Student No : 1206102020036 Study Program : English Education Title : Exploring Students' Difficulties in Writing A Recount Text (A Study at SMP Negeri 6 Banda Aceh) Keywords: Writing, Recount Text, Difficulties Writing is an important skill in English language. It is one of ways to deliver information to the people. This kind of skill is taught in school from junior high school to senior high school. It is not easy to master writing skills. The writer conducted this study in order to find out the students' errors and also to know the students' difficulties in writing a recount text at SMP Negeri 6 Banda Aceh of second grade students. The method of this study was mixed method. The writer collected students' recount text and gave questionnaires for them. The analysis of students' writing was done by looking at the generic structure and language features. The result of questionnaire data was calculated. Based on students' writing, in the language features, the most students are difficult to use past tense in writing recount text. They understood well the generic structure of recount text which are orientation and event sequence. Meanwhile, the result of the questionnaire showed the students were not really difficult to write a recount. They well understood about the language features and the generic structure in writing a recount text. Thus, according of both data, students should learn more how to create a good recount text by using past action verb.


The objective of this study was to illuminate the molecular features and the expression profile of the porcine SRPK1 gene.The SRPK1 gene from the Yorkshire pig was cloned and sequenced,and then its molecular features were analyzed.Use inverse PCR to clone the partial 5′UTR sequence of SRPK1 in pig.The mRNA distribution profile of the porcine SRPK1 gene in ten tissues(heart,muscles,liver,kidney,lung,stomach,small and large intestine,spleen,brain) of Yorkshire and Duroc(one-day,one-month) were examined by real-time PCR.Construct pig skeletal muscle injury model by subcutaneous injection to study the expression characteristics of SRPK1 gene in repair process of skeletal muscle.A sequence with a length of 2 499 bp was cloned,it contained the CDS(coding sequence) region of 1 968 bp of the porcine SRPK1 gene,encoded a protein composed of 656 amino acids,including two P_Kc domains.The sequence of the porcine SRPK1 protein shared high similarity with human and chimpanzee,and they were closed in the Phylogenetic tree.The result of bioinformatics analysis showed that 5′UTR obtained in the study contained multiple transcription binding sites:HSF1,HSF2,Ik-1,IK-2,SRY,SP1 MyoD,USF,E47,p300,CP2,RREB-1,E2F and AP-1.The study results showed that,by real-time PCR,pigs had the organization-and species-specific in expression,but highly in stomach,small intestine and large intestine.The expression of SRPK1 gene fluctuated in the injury and repair process.There are several transcription binding sites in 5′UTR related to muscle development,it mainly expressed in digestive system and the expression level increased in injury and repair process of skeletal muscle.It was inferred that SRPK1 gene may be related to skeletal muscle cell development,or other growth-related factor expression.


Drug-resistant bacteria are hard to classify and track with traditional methods, so researchers are using DNA fingerprinting techniques to identify and follow new and dangerous strains. See main story (p. 724).


The consequences of risk in assisted reproduction are unique because a serious adverse event (AE) may affect not only the patient but also the progeny and possibly future generations. Practices and procedures also have a direct impact on the peri-conceptual period and fetal well-being. It is now estimated that at least 1% of all babies born in the UK are conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF), therefore those working in this area are significant stakeholders in the health of our future generations. This important responsibility, coupled with recent media interest in a series of AEs in assisted reproduction and the seemingly insatiable public interest in IVF, has focussed attention on risk management and quality assurance. The Department of Health signalled a new emphasis on quality in its white paper The New NHS: Modern, Dependable (Department of Health, 1997), defining quality as ''doing the right things to the right people at the right time and doing things right first time''. More recently, The Kennedy Report (2001) into the paediatric cardiac surgery service in Bristol has become a defining moment in healthcare with its far reaching recommendations impacting on the systems of incident reporting and the culture of learning through information sharing. The incidence of adverse events in assisted reproduction is not known. Recent serious AEs have attracted high profile national media attention and include misappropriation of embryos, loss of stored sperm through equipment failure and cases of wrong identification of mixed sperm and embryos. However, reporting of less high profile incidents has not been encouraged by the attitude of a generally hostile press who have given disproportionate attention to ''IVF incidents''. The league table mentality and resulting competitive element, prevalent in IVF services both in the NHS and private sectors, makes it particularly vulnerable to financial pressures that adverse publicity can bring. This may discourage ''honest'' reporting and penalize those that do. Furthermore, successful risk management requires comprehensive reporting of adverse events (Marquand & Miller, 1997). Failure to implement means the opportunity for learning from mistakes is missed and errors are more likely to occur. Ultimately the potential for a major disaster is increased. Some have said that these incidents are the ''tip of the iceberg'' but this over dramatizes the problem. Nevertheless, there is evidence that adverse incidents are significantly under-reported (Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA), 2003). Figures from the United States suggest that in a typical UK hospital there may be 1850 serious AEs each year (Brennan et al., 1996). Approximately 30,000 episodes of IVF are undertaken in the UK annually together with a lesser number of other assisted conception techniques and, given the complexity of the treatments involved, it is likely that the pattern of serious AEs in assisted reproduction at the very least mirrors that reported in other areas of health care. On this basis we should expect at least 1000 serious AEs in assisted conception programmes in the UK each year. The Department of Health highlighted the failure of the NHS to learn from repeated errors of a similar nature (Organisation with a Memory, Department of Health, 2000). This document recommended the introduction of a national mandatory reporting scheme and database for adverse events and near misses. This has resulted in the National Reporting and Learning System (NRLS) set up by the National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA). The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority have introduced a parallel system for reporting of adverse incidents related to ''licensed'' treatments (www. hfea.gov.uk). Centres licensed under the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (1990) are now required to report all serious adverse events,


A property tax abatement is one instrument in an array of policy tools employed across the United States to augment local business development. The fiscal effects on multiple governmental units for a typical manufacturing expansion in a rural county are analyzed employing a labor market approach to define the local impact area. The results indicate the county granting the tax abatement bears most of the costs of the tax abatement while most of the benefits of a tax abatement for a manufacturing expansion in a rural area flow outside the county granting the abatement. The analysis implies a regional approach to increased coordination between the affected taxing jurisdictions could be more than uncoordinated policy efforts.


Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and growing concern regarding global climate changes over the last years has pointed out the need to quantify and control the leaking of methane into the atmosphere. Landfill gas is regarded as one of the major sources for methane migration to the atmosphere. In this study we present research work with the objective to evaluate the use of geoelectrical resistivity to detect gas migration in landfills. Extensive field experiments were conducted at the Filborna landfill site in Helsingborg, Sweden, in August 2008. In general, the resistivity measurements showed results corresponding to results reported from previous investigations in waste. However, also large variations in resistivity were indicated. Relatively high variability and high mean resistivity in the surface-near layers clearly indicate influence on the resistivity in the upper zone of the landfill. The variability and high resistivity may partly be explained by appearance and migration of landfill gas. (Less)


The surface properties of three types essential oils (Pinus sylvestris, Juniperus communis and Oreganum herachoticum) were investigated as application of adjuvants. The surface tension was measured in both pure oils and solutions with concentrations: 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 % v/v at different temperatures: 10, 25, 30, 35 and 400C. After comparison of surface tension between three oil some low values exhibit Pinus sylvestris (33.61±0.21 to 16.13±0.11 mN.m-1) following of Juniperus communis (38.25±0.17 to 20.91±0.07 mN.m-1) and Oreganum herachoticum (41.93±0.15 to 25.75±0.12 mN.m-1). This results confirm that these essential oils can be used as adjuvants in agriculture.


Abstract : It is shown that, by measuring six vectors as functions of the aspect angle and carrying out a number of vector operations, the interference caused by the walls of a radar anechoic chamber may be substantially reduced.


A novel electromagnetic energy harvester (EH) with multiple vibration modes has been developed and characterized using three-dimensional (3D) excitation at different frequencies. The device consists of a movable circular-mass patterned with three sets of double-layer aluminum (Al) coils, a circular-ring system incorporating a magnet and a supporting beam. The 3D dynamic behavior and performance analysis of the device shows that the first vibration mode of 1285 Hz is an out-of-plane motion, while the second and third modes of 1470 and 1550 Hz, respectively, are in-plane at angles of 60° (240°) and 150° (330°) to the horizontal (x-) axis. For an excitation acceleration of 1 g, the maximum power density achieved are 0.444, 0.242 and 0.125 µW cm−3 at vibration modes of I, II and III, respectively. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation and indicate a good potential in the development of a 3D EH device.


The purpose of the present investigation is an experimental determination of the component activities in the carbon saturated Cr-Si-C and Cr-Fe-Si-C systems. The measurements were carried out by use of the mass spectrometric technique. Activities of chromium and iron were determined for the following systems: Cr-Si-C"" at l600"C and Cr-Fe-Si-C'31 (CrlFe=4.0 and 1.5) at l550"C. Silicon activities were determined by measurement of partial pressures of SiO formed by the interaction of the melt with the material of the effusion cell. The mass-spectrometric method does not allow measurement of the carbon activity in the metal. For that reason carbon activities were calculated by use of known thermodynamic data and measured chromium and silicon activities.


The asphalt pavement performance and durability of the main factors affecting is the asphalt natural aging.The explore bitumen natural aging behavior is modified asphalt pavement intuitive.Through penetration,softening point,ductility determining indicators,the natural aging characteristics of different useful life of asphalt pavement mix asphalt,summarizes the behavioral characteristics of asphalt natural aging.


We will present a new approach of the linearized focal plane technique (LIFT), formerly developed by ONERA, which results in an improvement of a factor of 16 (4x4) of the spatial resolution. This technology is based on the combination of standard SH technology with phase retrieval algorithms applied on all spots of the microlens array that provides information on high spatial frequencies. We will show some measurements performed on extremely complex wavefronts. This technology presents very promising perspectives for optical and freeform metrology and can advantageously replace, at lower cost and better usability, Fizeau interferometry.


With the development of network technology,the work of moral education of college students gradually to network time. The author systematically analyzes the network moral education of college students and promote the challenge. Three aspects of team construction,continue to strengthen the work of moral education from the guidance of public opinion to optimize the network moral education environment,strengthening the network moral education work describes the effective way of moral education of college students in network times.


To obtain the online ON-state resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{R}}_{\mathrm {dson}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of the SiC power MOSFET, during its operation in the dc solid-state-power controller (dc-SSPC), the drain current (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{I}}_{d}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and the ON-state voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{V}}_{\mathrm {dson}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) need to be accurately measured in real time. Compared to that of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{I}}_{d}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the measurement of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{V}}_{\mathrm {dson}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> needs to solve more problems, i.e., the high accuracy, the influence of the operating temperature (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{T}}_{w}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and the high OFF-state voltage. The drain–source voltage clamp circuit (DVCC) can be accurately used to measure <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{R}}_{\mathrm {dson}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at low operating temperatures. However, the SiC power MOSFETs, owning the low <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{R}}_{\mathrm {dson}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> characteristics, in the dc-SSPC often operate at the high <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{T}}_{w}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Under this high <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{T}}_{w}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the existing DVCCs cannot perform well and give inaccurate measurements of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{V}}_{\mathrm {dson}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in real time. Therefore, this article presents an innovative design of the DVCC with improved real-time measurement accuracy (< 0.5%), over a wide <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{T}}_{w}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> range (25 °C–100 °C). The DVCC is analyzed and tested by integrating into a dc-SSPC for measuring the online <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{R}}_{\mathrm {dson}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the SiC power MOSFET at the high <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{T}}_{w}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 100 °C. The experimental results validate the accuracy of the proposed DVCC-based measurement method and highlight the potential for its use in the accurate junction temperature measurement.


Aiming it the present situation of county-level environmental monitoring station and combining with the practice,the paper puts forward advice and teneative plan about standardized capacity construction of the county-level environmental monitoring station.


A network intrusion-tolerant system based on adaptive agorithm is put forward. It adopts a new intrusion tolerance trigger mechanism by use of improved adaptive algorithm, which enhances studying efficiency and ensures that intrusion tolerance system can study in real time and in an unsupervised way. The experimental results show that the intrusion tolerance system based on adaptive algorithm increase sensitivity and adaptability of tolerance to intrusion behavior.


6. INTRODUCTION: Mathematical Study of Queue Models Provide the basic frame work in communication system since a close resemblance can be observed between queue networks and communication system. The messages, arriving at a communication system are supposed as customers or jobs, communication buffers as waiting lines and all the concerned activities in transmission of the message can be treated as services, capacity of buffer can be regarded as capacity of queue system while service discipline may be taken as first come first served (FCFS) depending upon the situation. ...........................................................................................


Selected measurement methods commonly applied to solar cells are studied. Basic theoretical models are emphasized, and methods for determining important parameters are outlined. Methods are reviewed for measurement of resistivity, Hall effect, Seebeck effect, dark current-voltage characteristics, illuminated current-voltage characteristics, and spectral photoresponse. State-of-the-art in each area is reviewed. (WHK)


We present a new physical and mathematical approach, which involves an extension of the effective potential idea, for determining the effect of various perturbations on a soliton. The method explains the results in a more simple way than has been done previously. We also analyze the interaction of two solitons as a function of their separation using this equivalent particle picture with an effective potential caused by the interaction.


The present invention relates to vehicle headlights illuminating device (100), in the illumination device includes a plurality of light sources (1), one light incident surface (2a) and one light exit surface (2b) comprises at least one auxiliary optical system and (2) a, wherein at least one auxiliary optical system (2) includes a plurality of light conductors (3), each light conductor (3) is a light incident surface (3a) having at least one light source each of the light incident surface (1) provides light, the light conductor (3) merges into a common light output surface (2b). According to the present invention, at least one, preferably has just one position holder (4) is provided, the light incident surface of the light conductor (3) of the by the position holder at least one auxiliary optical system (2) (3a) is positioned relative to the light source (1) is held. Alternatively or additionally, said at least one auxiliary optical system light exit surface of (2) (2b), said at least one transparent optical disk for shape stabilization of the auxiliary optical system (2) (5) it can be provided. .FIELD 1


E Glass fibers coupled with Silan 1 (silan + epoxy resin) and Silan 2 (silan + polyester resin) were used to reinforce denture base polymethyl metacrylate resin. Specimens were produced by two different methods in the first group, and the fibers were soaked with a mixture of polymer powder and monomer liquid. In the second group the fibers were soaked in the polymer liquid for 15 minutes and then blended with PMA polymers. All the samples were heat cured. Transverse strength of specimens was evaluated by a 3 point bending test. Fracture surfaces of the test specimens were examined with SEM to evaluate the degree of impregnation of fibers with the polymer matrix. SEM examination revealed well impregnated glass fibers with the polymer matrix. No difference was found between the test groups.


This study examines the effectiveness of learning processes developed through a technology-enhanced approach in higher education. Therefore, we analyzed Webquests together with other gamification resources, considered relevant research studies on the impact and advantages of this inquiry-oriented learning approach, and examined students' perceptions of the effects of these online learning tools on developing their organizational skills and effective planning for learning.Participants in the study were 73 student teachers enrolled in the core unit of Social Studies, in the second year of the Primary Education degree at the University of Murcia (Spain). In this study, a pre-test and posttest design was applied and questionnaires were administered to students at the beginning and end of the term to examine the impact of this inquiry-oriented approach on the development of students' learning processes. Their perceptions of the learning achieved were analyzed using statistical software for Excel (XLSTAT).The results indicate that these online tools effectively promote technology-enhanced learning and collaborative work, especially among the most motivated and digitally literate students, underlining the importance of motivation and digital literacy as catalysts for learning.The study also highlights the need for further research on the impact of digital resources in promoting competency-based learning alongside other motivational online approaches in tertiary education.


In this study we examined the effect of pharmacological doses of various α‐adrenergic agents on hepatic portal perfusion, organic anion uptake and bile secretion using the isolated perfused rat liver. Addition of norepinephrine at portal perfusate concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 100 μmol/L induced a dose‐related increase in portal pressure with a twofold increment at the highest concentration. This was accompanied by an inhibition of hepatocellular uptake of taurocholate by 16.8% ± 1.8% and of sulfobromophthalein (BSP) by 32.9% ± 3.0% compared with controls. Moreover, a 22.5% ± 3% decrease in bile flow rate and a 22.8% ± 4% inhibition of biliary excretion of taurocholate were observed. Addition of other α‐adrenergic agonists (epinephrine, dopamine and phenylephrine) at similar concentrations produced the same hepatic effects as observed with norepinephrine. During infusion of these α‐adrenergic agents, trypan blue infusion revealed a patchy perfusion pattern of the liver surface compared with the homogeneously stained organs in controls. The hemodynamic alterations could be confirmed by electron microscopy examination that demonstrated that increased portal pressure produced by norepinephrine was associated with sinusoidal shunting. All hemodynamic, metabolic and biliary changes induced by norepinephrine could be entirely prevented by concomitant infusion of the α‐antagonist phentolamine, thus indicating that norepinephrineinduced hepatic effects were mediated by α‐receptors. In contrast, simultaneous addition of papaverine, an unspecific vasodilator, prevented the hemodynamic and the biliary changes of norepinephrine, but failed to modify the metabolic effects of the drug. These results indicate that norepinephrine‐induced cholestasis in the isolated perfused rat liver accompanies the hemodynamic changes, thus supporting the concept that the drug has no direct effect on hepatic bile formation. (HEPATOLOGY 1990;12:314–321).


BACKGROUND
In surgery, the learning process represents one of the critical topics in the development of a young surgeon, where there is often no standardized learning program. The learning curve is defined by plotting proficiency as a function of time, or the number of repetitions. In this study, we have analyzed the learning process for a rare and surgically demanding pathology such as thoracic disc herniations (TDHs) treated with an antero-lateral trans-thoracic approach.

METHODS
We analyzed a consecutive series of patients admitted with a diagnosis of TDHs. All of the patients underwent surgery using a standard antero-lateral trans-thoracic approach, assisted by Navigation System based on intraoperative 3D imaging performed with O-ArmTM system.

RESULTS
21 patients underwent surgery from January 2012 to June 2017. The time analysis shows a progressive reduction in time from the first to the last case with continued improvement in operating time but progressively less dramatic, this is explicable considering the classic learning curve model. Predictably, a slow learning curve was charted that is typical for a technically demanding procedure associated with a rare incidence of pathology.

CONCLUSIONS
A learning curve is an easy and efficient way to gauge the growth of a surgeon. After 21 cases we obtained an intermediate profile of learning curve between steep and shallow. Despite there being different alternatives for speeding up the learning process, it is not always possible to standardize and reflect them in a learning process. Today, the use of technology is often considered in this but does not always affect the process itself.


In 1995, Gold et al. published the results of a randomized clinical trial of elective coronary artery bypass grafting in 248 patients randomized to two groups (1). In one group, mean arterial pressure was maintained between 50 and 60 mmHg during cardiopulmonary bypass and in the other it was maintained between 80 and 100 mmHg. The incidence of combined cardiac and neurological complications was significantly lower in the high pressure group (4.8%) than in the low pressure group (12.9%: p = 0.026). Six months postoperatively, the mortality rates were 1.6% and 4%, stroke rates 2.4% and 7.2%, and cardiac complication rates 2.4% and 4.8%. Cognitive and functional status outcomes did not differ between the groups. This study precipitated a change in practice in our unit, more in response to casual discussion than in any formalised way. The use of vasoconstrictors to maintain higher mean arterial pressures has become the norm.

Gold's study was cirticised when published on a number of grounds, notably the unjustifiable technique of selectively pooling data to achieve statistical significance. Other criticisms included the lack of data on the prevalence of post bypass and postoperative hypotension or hypertension.


Newcastle University has acknowledged the importance of educating culturally aware and diverse students by developing the strategic objective: "to deliver international excellence in our learning, teaching and scholarship activities, whilst providing an excellent all-round student experience". One way of achieving Newcastle University"s objective of developing itself as a truly international learning environment is to improve home students" exposure to such international learning. This research focuses on the internationalisation of home students, in particular stage-1 undergraduate students within the University"s School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development (AFRD). Since this group of students is generally characterised as not being culturally diverse, the attempt was to understand their attitudes and perceptions of internationalisation with the ultimate goal of developing new modules that are truly internationally focused. A two-phased, mixed-method approach was used to determine students" perspectives on their needs for internationalising the curriculum. The first phase of the research involved conducting focus groups which revealed that whilst stage-1 students from the School of AFRD are apparently unaware of internationalisation or its benefits to their education,


Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) incinerator fly ash was processed to form new ceramic materials using conventional ceramic processing technology (dry milling, powder compaction and sintering). A preliminary washing step of raw fly ash with water was used to improve the chemical composition of this material. The effects of particle size distribution, powder compaction pressure, and sintering temperature and time on the physical and mechanical properties and leaching behaviour of sintered products were investigated. It was found that a washing step followed by a milling step is able to transform raw fly ash into a material with consistent chemical and physical characteristics for its thermal processing. With such a pretreatment it is possible to reduce the power input of the sintering process (temperature reduction from 1210 to 1140°C) and to manufacture sintered products that are characterised by high density (2.65-2.80 g/cm 3 ), high compressive strength (260-450 N/mm 2 ), very low water absorption capacity (0.1-0.2%), and reduced heavy metals leachability. Such materials are able to meet the requirements for normal-weight aggregates for use in concrete.


PORTO, Alexandre Hack; WAGNER JÚNIOR, Américo; VEIRA, Frederico M. Corrêa; 83 f. Light intensity on growth, production and quality of hybrid jabuticabeira fruit in orchard condition. Master's dissert (Master degree in Agronomy) (Concentration Area: Plant Production), Technological University Federal of Parana. Pato Branco, 2018. Brazil is among the largest producers of fruits, besides being known as one of the main centers of genetic diversity of wild fruit. In the South of the country, the fruit of native plants plays an important role despite little commercially exploited, with potential, where we highlight those of the Myrtaceae family, as jabuticabeira. However, the use of the species for production in orchard is scarce, due to the lack of technical knowledge to orchard management, especially when related to intensity of light favorable to the growth and development of the plant, remembering that it has its origin in the woods. Thus, the prevailing extraction and small plant crops in isolated backyards. There are about nine species of jabuticabeira, among the best known have to Plinia peruviana (jabuticaba cabinho), Plinia cauliflora (jabuticaba Paulista ou jabuticaba Açu) and Plinia jabuticaba (Vell) (jabuticaba sabará). However, there have been a marketing named as hybrid that brings advantages over the others, as precocity, number of harvests per year and low vigor, which may be indicative for use to obtain information aimed at its commercial cultivation. The study aims to evaluate the growth behavior and development of plants, as well as the quality of the fruits of hybrid jabuticabeira grown under different conditions of light intensity. The work will be developed in Orchard Fruit trees native of the Federal Technological University of Paraná Campus Dois Vizinhos, established in 2013. The experimental design will block the chance, with five treatments, four replications, with two plants each. The treatments were constituted by cultivation in Pleno sol, representing an orchard condition (PS); lateral and upper cover with shade screen, simulating a more open canopy condition, with (35% shading) (S35); lateral and upper cover with shade screen, representing a stage in which the forest canopy is closing, with only indirect solar irradiation (50% shading) (S50); lateral cover with shade and top without cover, representing clearing condition (70% shading) (S70); lateral and upper cover with shade screen, simulating closed canopy condition with (80% shading) (S80). The physical and biochemical variables of fruits, bark, pulp and leaves and the microbial activity. The growth of hybrid jabuticaba trees in orchard condition was favored by the use of shading meshes, except when the 80% shading mesh was applied. The physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits and the microbial activity of the soil did not have statistical difference between the tested treatments.


Objective To study the association of +45 and +349 of APM1 with obesity between Uygur and Han people.Methods Improved sequence-specific-primers polymerase chain reaction(SSP-PCR)were used to show clear,quick and accurate genotype.Results The frequencies of +45 G/T genotype of APM1 of Han people were higher than those of Uygur people in both normal control group and obesity group,and the frequencies of T/T genotype of Uygur people were higher than those of Han people in the both groups,but the difference was not significant.The frequencies of +349 A allele and G allele of APM1 between normal control group and obesity group of Uygur people(P0.05).Conclusion The frequencies of genotype of +45 of APM 1 might be different between Uygur and Han people.A allele and G allele of +349 of APM 1 was associated with obesity of Uygur people.


The paper describes the seismic retrofit (carried out in the period February to March 2006) of the 'Our Lady of Tears Shrine' in Syracuse (Italy), made bysubstituting the bearings supporting its impressive dome with sliding seismic isolators equipped with elasto-plastic dissipators. After an accurate description of the construction and of its new antiseismic devices, installed between the dome and its 22 supporting columns, the dome raising and lowering phases, together with the instrumentation and data acquired during the operations, are reported in detail. The improvement of the structural behaviour after the seismic retrofit is demonstrated through the results of a numerical investigation under seismic excitation. Finally, the rehabilitation and reactivation of the pre-existing continuous monitoring system of the temple is examined. The structure has been recently included among those of the Italian network of buildings and bridges permanently monitored by the Italian Department of Civil Protection.


For French banks, the beginning of the 80's corresponded to a period of profound mutations. Both their activity and the legislative framework governing it were concerned. The key aspects of these mutations were: a radical transformation of the rules governing state interference, ranging from across-the-board nationalization in 1982 to privatization in 1986; a sweeping deregulation dating back to the banking law of January 24,1984; an intensification and globalization of competition. From 1987 onwards, the end ofcredit control has led to an increase in the number of banking and financial deals and transactions. The last fifteen years were also marked by an increasing number of organizational and sectoral restructuring. They resulted in changes in the way banks accomplish their activity and achieve their performance. Throughout this period of time, market transactions have become increasingly important, as well as the risks linked to business relationship whith commercial firms. The value of banking services was made apparent through the billing of commissions to the customer. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the way in which banks took into account the transformation both of the substance of their activity and the framework governing it


Demographic aging is one of the main features and significant problems of the population development of Serbia, so the analysis and the study of aging of the population are paying increasing attention in scientific research work in the field of demography. This paper aims to examine the basic demographic characteristics and changes in the age structure of the population in the city of Novi Pazar. This municipality is characterized by the most prominent 2 | Ljiljana Lešević, Ivan Pavlović, Dejan Ž. Đorđević and most specific demographic problems, large migrations and the inability to register and analyze them. Particularly distinguished is the fact that Novi Pazar, according to many, is considered to be the "youngest city in Europe", and that in essence the situation is very different. The authors tried to determine the spatial and temporal dimension of the population aging process of this city.


All students and staff (K-12) have a right to a safe and respectful learning environment. The Independence Community School District has adopted the Respect and Protect Violence Prevention and Intervention program (R&P) as a means to accomplish this goal. Respect and Protect not only utilizes a progressive discipline approach but also strives to be educational, encouraging students to be respectful in their words and deeds towards all other students and staff of the I.C.S.D..


The invention discloses a lithium, niobium and tantalum multi-metal resource all-sliming flotation joint enrichment recovery method. The method includes the steps that an ore separation agent is added into raw ore for ore grinding, the pH value of ore pulp is adjusted without desliming, an inhibitor, an activator, a collecting agent and the like are added, high-efficiency joint enrichment of lithium, niobium and tantalum resources in multi-metal ore is achieved through flotation, favorable conditions are created for follow-up lithium, niobium and tantalum separation, and a solid foundation is laid for whole-flow efficient recovering of the lithium, niobium and tantalum resources through a lithium, niobium and tantalum flotation-strong magnetic separation-resection process. The method is particularly suitable for comprehensive enrichment recovery of lithium multi-metal resources with large ore desliming difficulty, low all-year-round selection plant temperature and low accompanied niobium and tantalum ore grades. By means of the method, flotation joint enrichment of the lithium, niobium and tantalum resources can be effectively carried out, and the lithium, niobium and tantalum multi-metal resources are comprehensively and efficiently recovered. The process is advanced in technology, simple and reasonable, the raw ore grinding fineness requirement is not high, flotation without desliming is adopted, the running cost is low, the comprehensive recovery rate is high, and the good industry prospect is achieved.


Measurements of the spatial distributions and temporal variations of the extraterrestrial 'ring current' proton intensities near the magnetic equator during selected phases of two moderate magnetic storms on July 9 and September 8, 1966, provide direct evidence of asymmetric enhancement of these proton intensities deep in the outer radiation zone, during the early development of the latter magnetic storm. Increases of these low-energy proton (5 ≲E≲50 kev) intensities in the evening-midnight quadrant of the outer radiation zone on L shells ≃3.5 to 5.0 were accompanied by a substantial polar magnetic substorm observed during similar local times. However, no increases of proton intensities at levels above those typical of the 'quiescent ring current' centered at L∼6.5, were yet observed near local noon, several hours later. Several implications that concern the origin and motions of this plasma during the early development phase of the magnetic storm are discussed.


This study had a two‐fold purpose: first, to determine whether a measurable change in the meaning of the word writing could occur during a writing course; and second, to measure meaning rather than merely student attitudes toward writing. To satisfy these purposes, a semantic differential was administered to students in both regular and developmental classes in a two‐year campus at the beginning and the end of the 10‐week term. The scale measured the meaning of the term writing according to three dimensions: evaluation, activity, and potency. Scores were compared for each student and for each class of students. A significant increase occurred in the activity dimension for students in the regular classes by the end of the term; however, their evaluative rating decreased. Developmental students showed no change. Correlations with other measures of student performance were performed: final grades in the writing course, high school G.P.A., and verbal SAT scores. Regular students' final grades correlated posit...


Many developing countries have relied on the varied forms of diversified secondary technical education as the main venue for training skilled workers and mid-level technicians. But there have been numerous and strong critics against this mode of technical education. As an alternative, the Mexican Government established the CONALEP system in the late 1970s. This study tests the viability of the system by evaluating CONALEP graduates' labor market performance in comparison with other forms of education. It also supplements the scant literature on the transition from technical education to work and on the use of technical skills. Through innovations — inter alia, an autonomous national organizational structure, decentralized operations, strong links to industry, use of industry-experienced instructors, terminal program with modest cost recovery, and highly practical courses — CONALEP has forged an effective technical secondary education system aimed at the Mexican labor market with substantial spill-over effects. Although it is a Mexican program, the special features of the CONALEP system bear policy implications for other countries as well. With globalization and rapidly changing technology requirements of the Mexican economy, however, this alternative form of technical secondary education faces new challenges, notably adjustment of its curriculum to changing market circumstances and improvement of its external and internal efficiency.


Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens (St(a)。l),BPH) and whitebacked planthopper (Sogatella furcifera Horvath,WBPH) are the phloem-sucking herbivores of rice.We employed cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) technique to characterize the mole-(cular) responses of wild rice Oryza officinalis Wall ex Watt to BPH and WBPH feeding.After investigating about 7% of the insects-responsive transcriptome,we isolated 258 differential transcript-derived fragments (TDFs) and sequenced 112,of which 44 presented similarities to known or putative functional proteins.Among these 44 TDFs,35 TDFs were altered by WBPH-feeding while 24 were by BPH-feeding.There were more down-regulated TDFs than the up-regulated ones found after fed by BPH and WBPH.Only 2 TDFs were co-induced but 12 were co-suppressed by two planthoppers feeding.The results revealed that O.officinalis responded differentially to these two phloem herbivores.


An important factor in the poor levelling of certain vat dyes is slow migration due to molecular aggregation (up to 3000 molecules) of the leuco compound in solution. Migration may be improved by addition to the dyebath of a suitable non-ionic solvent, e.g. Solidegal GL (CFM). Practical methods for overcoming levelling difficulties in package dyeing and piece dyeing, notably the vat-acid and pad–steam processes, are discussed.


INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis, the most common metabolic disorder, can eventually lead to fragility fractures. Of all osteoporotic fractures, vertebral wedge fractures are the most common. They are associated with pain, a decrease in quality of life, and a change in spinal alignment. The changed spinal alignment increases the chance of subsequent fractures: a wedge fracture changes the loading direction on adjacent vertebrae from what is normally an axial load into a more shearing load. In a previous study we have shown that intact, osteoporotic vertebrae are indeed more prone to failure under such off-axis loads. As the currently available treatments for wedge fractures are unable to fully remove the wedge shape of the fractured vertebra, the shearing aspect of the load remains after treatment. We hypothesize that the previously found increased fracture risk of adjacent (intact but osteoporotic) vertebrae, can be reduced when these adjacent vertebrae are prophylactically injected with bone cement.


The results of comparative experimental studies of the drying process of fermented salmon"s waste with IR in a vacuum and convective energy release are presented, the optimal parameters of the drying process are developed. Rational technology of drying of fermented salmon"s wastes with infrared energy release in a vacuum is justified. Study of general chemical composition and fractional composition of nitrogen compounds of the feed product has confirmed the right choice and the prospects of using the technology of drying of fermented salmon"s wastes with infrared energy release in a vacuum. The received feed product is characterized by a high content of nitrogen compounds, that testifies the high quality and nutritional value of feed product from salmon processing wastes.