The spinor structure associated with the local gauge group GL(4,R) of the nonsymmetric gravitation theory (NGT) is based on a spinor wave equation constructed from a vierbein, a GL(4,R) spin connection, and the infinite‐dimensional irreducible representations of the universal covering group SL (4,R) of the noncompact group SL(4,R). The multiplicity‐free irreducible representations of SL (4,R) correspond to bivalued spinorial representations of SL(4,R) that contain an infinite number of half‐odd integer spin particles. By adjoining the translations T4, the extended group A=T4×GL(4,R) replaces the Poincare group P. The properties of the mass spectrum are obtained from an infinite‐component wave equation and the physical spinor field consists of an infinite sum of finite, nonunitary representations of the Lorentz group.


The invention provides a sub-assembly of a medicament delivery device, the sub-assembly comprising a housing for containing a propellant source, and a locking ring for attachment to the housing. The housing is configured to receive a flange of a syringe, the locking ring is configured to retain a syringe flange received in the housing between the locking ring and the housing when the locking ring is attached to the housing.


This research presents experimental set of distribution light. Light illuminance is displayed by LabView application. The set was tested by four types of lamp including complex fluorescent (CFL), incandescent, E27 LED (Light Emitting Diode), T8 tubular fluorescent (FL). The 3 types of luminaire are used for testing. They consisted of down light, high bay and fluorescent reflector. The black close room was 1.5x1.5x1.5 m in size. It was constructed by steel and plywood. The center floor of the room is installed by LDR (Light Dependent Resistor). It was used for measuring the illuminance. LabView application was applied to display value on computer screen. The stepping motor was installed to rotate the lamp. It was controlled by LabView through DAQ 6008 interface card. It was rotated from -90o to 90o. The control set consisted of interface card, motor drive and power supply. They were contained in the insulation box outside of the test room. From the experimental result, the LDR illuminance meter can measure illuminance with 4.52% average error. The light distribution curve from experiment set is correspondent with theory.


This PhD project is concerned with the evolution of Cell
Signaling Networks (CSNs) in silico. CSNs are complex biochemical networks responsible for the coordination of cellular activities. We are investigating the possibility to build an evolutionary simulation platform that would allow the spontaneous emergence and evolution of Artificial Cell Signaling Networks (ACSNs). From a practical point of view, realizing and evolving ACSNs may provide novel computational paradigms for a variety of application areas. This work may also contribute to the biological understanding of the origins and evolution of real CSNs.


Objective : This study was designed to investigate the effect of bee venom and Scolopendrae Corpus herbal acupuncture on the feeling of cold on legs. Methods : The patient was managed by bee venom and Scolopendrae Corpus herbal acupuncture, body acupuncture and herbal medicine. The following points were selected : BL40, BL57, BL60; SP6. After bee venom and Scolopendrae Corpus herbal acupuncture treatment, body acupuncture was performed at the same points. We evaluated the patient through Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging(D.I.T.I). Results : After 12 times of treatment, the patient showed that clinical symptoms was decreased, VAS changed from 10 to 3 and there was also improvement change on D.I.T.I.. Conclusions : According to the results, bee venom and Scolopendrae Corpus herbal acupuncture may have the effects on the feeling of cold on legs. But further studies and required to prove the effects of this methods.


The author describes the assistance his state, through its department of education, is providing school administrators involved with declining stu dent population. He believes that the hard-won gains of the past need not be lost if educators will resort to "decremental planning."


Five organic solvents including dichloromethane,ethyl acetate,petroleum ether,n-hexane and isohexane were utilized for the extraction of perillaldehyde from perilla frutescens(L.)britt.leaf juice.Result shows that n-hexane and isohexane expressed the better separation effect.Further experiments upon n-hexane and isohexane show that extraction equilibrium achieved after 15 min thorough mixing and 1 h was required to clearly divide the two phases.As the ratio of solvent to feed was 1 :1,organic solvent could further extract perillaldehyde by 4 times the amount of feed.Comparison of atmospheric distillation with vacuum distillation for the recovery of organic solvent,much higher yield of solvent was obtained by atmospheric distillation,while almost no loss of perillaldehyde was attained by vacuum distillation.In case isohexane was selected as extracting solvent,higher yield of perillaldehyde,lower energy consumed and less pollution to the environment would be achieved,whereas accompanied by the shortcoming of higher cost of isohexane compared to nhexane.


Harmonic currents of electric vehicle (EV) chargers could jeopardize the power quality of distribution systems and add to the transformer's losses, thus degrading its lifetime. This paper assesses and mitigates the impacts of different EV chargers on distribution transformers and the voltage quality of distribution systems. The effect of state-of-charge (SOC) of the EV battery is considered through applying weighted arithmetic mean to accurately assess the impacts of EV harmonic currents on aging and losses of the EV interfacing transformer. The voltage quality of the IEEE 33-bus distribution system, supplying several EV parking lots, is also assessed at different charging levels using a fast-decoupled harmonic power flow. A new optimal harmonic power flow algorithm—that incorporates photovoltaic-based distribution generation units (DGs)—is developed to enhance the voltage quality of distribution systems, and elongate the lifetime of the substation transformer. The effectiveness of the proposed mitigation method is confirmed using the IEEE 33-bus distribution system, hosting several EV charging stations and photovoltaic-based DGs.


City spatial cognition research included cognition of place name,city image,cognitive distance and cognitive distortion.The national research of spatial cognition began in the 1980s,focusing mainly on the city image.Research of place name is more focused on the origin and meaning,less involved in the form of space.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the pattern of cognitive space based on a large number of questionnaires,then explored it's genesis deep.The main methods are spatial interpolation of ARCGIS and spatial autocorrelation of Geoda095i.Four conclusions were obtained as follows:Firstly,the type of cognitive point is not the influencing factor of cognitive rate.Secondly,the spatial cognitive pattern showed a "-shaped pattern".The two peaks of Beijing Railway Station and Peking Zoo uplifted in the northwest-southeast direction,and saddle lied in lower Sogo Department Store in low recognition rate area.Thirdly,the cognition of residents had clear spatial relevance and scale-dependent.Cognition among sites is high-high,low-low comparability in less spatial level,but it is high-low otherness in larger spatial level.6km is their boundary.Fourthly,cognitive space can be divided into four sub-regions:Beihai Park,Zhongyou Department Store,Peking Zoo,and Chengxiang Entrepot.The sub-region is homogeneously high cognition area,and contains many cognition peaks.


General practitioners need to decide whether the recent changes to general practice are acceptable and whether they are willing to initiate and lead the process of change in concert with the communities they serve


Considering the viscoelastic property of railway track structure, it is suggested in this paper to include the influence of track dynamics in calculation of lateral stability of railway vehicles running on tracks. A direct numerical method based on the stability of time histories of vehicle components is proposed to ascertain the nonlinear critical hunting speed of railway vehicles. The time histories of the vehicle system are calculated by use of the three-dimensional vehicle-track coupled models, which are capable of taking into account the influence of dynamic properties of track structures on vehicle dynamics. The effect of track system properties such as the rail fastener stiffness and the rail profile on the lateral hunting stability of the vehicle is investigated. Differences of the critical hunting speeds of vehicles on rigid track model and on elastic track model are found out. Generally, the rigid track model overestimates the critical hunting speed by 5―10% for different types of vehicles, which implies that the classical vehicle dynamics predicts higher lateral stability of a vehicle than the vehicle-track coupled dynamics does. This conclusion is of significance to the safety design of railway vehicles and should be taken notice in the design stage. The reason that causes the differences is discussed. A full-scale field experiment was carried out to investigate the hunting behavior of a freight car with three-piece bogies on a straight track. Very obvious hunting motion was observed in the experiment when the unloaded vehicle ran at the speed of 75 km/h, which verified the theoretical calculation results.


SUMMARY The objective of this study was to analyze the variability and mutual dependence of the tuber weight per plant, tuber number per plant, average tuber weight and total sugars content in the tubers of 20 Jerusalem artichoke genotypes included in a varietal trial conducted in the period 1994-2008. The variability of tuber weight per plant, tuber number per plant and average tuber weight was significantly affected by environmental conditions, while the total sugars content in the tubers depended primarily on the genotype. As the tuber weight per plant increased, the content of total sugars in the tubers decreased. Maximum tuber weight per plant was achieved with the genotype BT-4 and highest contents of total sugars in tubers were found in the genotypes Violet Rennes, UKR 5/82 and Topianca.


Abstract Debates around the purpose of green belts arise regularly in England. The aim of this paper is to contribute to this debate by examining the way in which pressures to review green belt policy have mounted at the local level. The paper evaluates the way that planning policy in the Cambridge sub-region has shifted in emphasis to reflect changing national directives and in response to localized growth pressures. Focusing upon the University of Cambridge's proposed urban extension, the paper demonstrates the way that this key stakeholder's needs have taken precedence, outweighing green belt designation.


The sociology dissertation process is a liminaljourney, a passage characterized by ambiguity, uncertainty, and crisis in which the student self is abandoned and a new professional self claims a world ofpower, authority, maturity, and responsibility. The theoreticalperspectives ofVictor Turner, Arnold Van Gennep, and George H. Mead are extended to conceptualize the "liminal self' who undertakes this difficult and problematic journey of transformation. Experiential methodology, in which theory and autobiography are combined, is employed to explicate the dissertation as a conflictful rite de passage and to critique doctoral projects that unreflexively adopt "technicalformulas" for success and thus deny the possibility ofliminal transformation.


This study was carried out to select the promising forage crops fer forage production in paddy field of YARI, RDA, Milyang from 1999 to 2001. The species of forage crop used in this experiment were barley(5 varieties), wheat(2), rye(3) and Italian ryegrass(IRG, 3). Stages of heading, milk and yellow ripe of barley were April, May and May, respectively. In milk to yellow ripe stage, dry matter(DM) yield of barley was MT per ha, and averaged ADF and NDF contents were , respectively. Albori and Naehanssalbori were the most promising varieties among the barley. The growth of wheat was a little late compared to that of barley, but it seemed to be crop having higher forage yield and nutritive value. In milk to yellow stage, DM yield of wheat was MT per ha, and nutritive value of wheat was very good(ADF and NDF ). Heading stage of rye was April, and it seemed to be suitable far harvest at heading to flowering stage because of heavy lodging after flowering. In flowering stage, DM yield of rye was 13.64 MT per ha, and nutritive value of rye was the lowest among 4 species(ADF and NDF ). Heading stage of early maturing IRG was 2 May and it seemed to be suitable for harvest at flowering stage of middle May in cropping system. In flowering stage, DM yield of early type IRG was 5.51 MT per ha, and averaged ADF and NDF contents were , respectively. The results demonstrated that the promising forage crops far forage production in paddy field were rye, barley, early maturing IRG and wheat in Yeongnam region. In Southern region, rye harvesting at early May was recommended when considered middle May of rice transplanting period, and barley(Albori and Naehanssalbori) and early maturing IRG harvesting at middle May were recommended when considered late May of rice planting period. And also, wheat with high nutritive value and possibility for harvesting at late May were recommended in case of transplanting period at early June.


Introduction: The Cervicofacial rotation advancement flap CRAF is a random-pattern flap that provides an excellent match for cheek reconstruction.  In this report, the authors review their experience with this flap and present their advantages in order to expand the awareness and promote the application. Methods: A retrospective analysis of reconstruction of cheek defects using CRAF   was performed in 12 patients. Data on patient demographics; diagnosis, defect type, and outcome were collected. Results:  These patients included 07 male and 05 female; they ranged in age from 56 to 88 years, with a mean age of 67 years.05 patients used tobacco and one patient had a history of radiation. On histopathological examinations of the specimen, 03patients had squamous cell carcinoma, and 09 patients had basal cell carcinoma. The mean defect size was 40cm 2 [range 10 to 67cm 2 ]. The mean follow-up was 06 months [0 to 24 months]. One patient was lost to follow-up after suture removal. As complication 01 patient had flap necrosis No facial nerve injury was observed.  All patients were pleased with the Cosmetic results outcome. Conclusion :  Cervicofacial flap provides a technically simple, reliable, safe, efficient and cosmetic means to reconstruct defects of the cheek.


This paper examines the Spanish of Catalonia and the treatment it has received in the professional literature on linguistics written in Spain in the late 20th century. I argue that hegemonic linguistic ideologies relating to notions of linguistic correctness (Woolard and Schieffelin 1994) within Spanish academia have led to a lack of recognition of the Spanish of Catalonia as a legitimate dialect of Spanish. Such language ideologies are revealed through discourse analysis of several influential academic texts in Spanish linguistics of the late 20th century. Works from the Spanish linguistics 'canon' (such as Zamora Vicente 1989) and the few investigations actually written in Spain about the Spanish of Catalonia (such as Badia 1980) are considered in light of the cultural, political, linguistic, and geographic contexts in which they were written. In the late 20th century, Spanish academics repeatedly analyzed the stereotypical Spanish of Catalonia in terms of linguistic interference and prescriptive errors. In addition to consideration of the ideologies guiding such research, my paper presents an alternative analysis in which the innovative linguistic forms that actually appear in an oral corpus of Spanish spoken in Barcelona are seen not as deviant but rather as potential carriers of sociolinguistic and cultural significance. I conclude that for contact dialects of Spanish associated with ethnic minorities to be scientifically investigated in Spain, they must first be recognized as legitimate in the academic literature. Such recognition depends on a reinterpretation of the body of doctrine that continues to guide academic discourse in Spain and the devices that maintain its operation. The professional 'overlooking' of the Spanish of Catalonia in descriptions of Spanish dialectology and sociolinguistics in Spain continues to be a matter of power relations and larger socioeconomic, sociohistoric, and sociopolitical processes.


A connection between the kinetic theory of the hydrodynamic interaction and continuum mechanics is established. Namely, the rheological equation of state for the Rouse dumbbell model with consistently averaged hydrodynamic interaction is derived. Several applications of this equation of state are discussed.


The diheme enzyme MauG catalyzes oxidative post‐translational modifications of a protein substrate, precursor protein of methylamine dehydrogenase (preMADH), that binds to the surface of MauG. The high‐spin heme iron of MauG is located 40 Å from preMADH. The ferric heme is an equilibrium of five‐ and six‐coordinate states. PreMADH binding increases the proportion of five‐coordinate heme three‐fold. On reaction of MauG with H2O2 both hemes become FeIV. In the absence of preMADH the hemes autoreduce to ferric in a multistep process involving multiple electron and proton transfers. Binding of preMADH in the absence of catalysis alters the mechanism of autoreduction of the ferryl heme. Thus, substrate binding alters the environment in the distal heme pocket of the high‐spin heme over very long distance.


Chronic musculoskeletal pain has been linked to dementia; however, chronic pain typically occurs in multiple sites, and no study has investigated the associations between number of chronic pain sites and risk of all-cause dementia and its subtypes.To investigate whether greater number of chronic pain sites is associated with a higher risk of dementia and its subtypes.Participants (N=356,383) in the UK Biobank who were dementia-free at baseline were included. Pain in the hip, knee, back and neck/shoulder, or 'all over the body' and its duration were assessed. Participants were categorized into six groups: no chronic pain, and chronic pain in 1, 2, 3 and 4-sites and 'all over the body' (widespread pain). All-cause dementia and its subtypes were ascertained using hospital inpatient and death registry records. Cox regression was used to investigate the associations between number of chronic pain sites and incidence of all-cause dementia and its subtypes.Over a median follow-up of 13 years (interquartile range: 12.6–14.0), 4,959 participants developed dementia. After adjustment for sociodemographic, body mass index, lifestyle, comorbidities, pain medications, psychological problems and sleep factors, greater number of chronic pain sites was associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia (Hazard ratio [HR]=1.08 per 1-site increase, 95%CI 1.06–1.11) and Alzheimer's disease (HR=1.09 per 1-site increase, 95%CI 1.04–1.13) in a dose-response manner, but not vascular and frontotemporal dementia. Relative to participants without chronic pain, participants having chronic pain in 2-, 3-, 4-sites and widespread pain had a higher risk of incident all-cause dementia after adjusting for confounding factors (2-sites: HR=1.18, 95%CI 1.08–1.29; 3-sites: HR=1.22, 95%CI 1.08–1.38; 4-sites: HR=1.42, 95%CI 1.19–1.70; widespread pain: HR=1.52, 95%CI 1.26–1.82). Similar results were observed for Alzheimer's disease.Greater number of chronic pain sites was associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that chronic pain in multiple sites may contribute to individuals' dementia risk and is an underestimated risk factor for dementia.NIL.NIL.None Declared.


All-optical switching using the optical Kerr effect in silica fiber is most promising for ultra-fast demultiplexers because of its potentially fast response with low control power. So far, polarimetric1 and nonlinear optical fiber loop mirror (NOLM)2,3 all-optical demultiplexers have been reported. However, the reported demultiplexers have required more than a few watts of peak power for the control pulses and have had switching times >100ps. We have clarified the NOLM design to achieve a high-speed dumultiplexer with low-power control pulses and have demonstrated demultiplexing from 2.5 Gb/s to 40 Gb/s with a 19-ps switching time by using all-laser diodes (LD's) for the first time.


A nickel-catalyzed route for direct, anhydride-additive-free deoxygenation of fatty acids to the corresponding olefins has been developed. The transformation is catalyzed by simple nickel salts of the type NiX2 (X = halide, acetate, acetylacetonate), uses PPh3 as a stoichiometric reductant, and exhibits selectivity for generation of linear α-olefin products. The reaction was rendered cocatalytic in PPh3 using 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDS) as terminal reductant for the in situ reduction of OPPh3 and catalytic Cu(OTf)2.


We analyzed the way of addressing the issues of literary helplessness or writing sterility, frustration and depression arising from this condition. Sham, memory and father's image influence on the writer and his creation in Post scriptum sad (1994) and father and memory (2009), by Federico Campbell. The employed theory were the ideas by American philosopher Stanley Cavell about the skepticism and the ability of a text of influencing its reader.


Although there is an abundance of evidence in support of the template hypothesis of protein biosynthesis (I), there appears to have been no satisfactory experimental basis for deciding whether the role of the template includes the coiling and folding of the protein chain to produce the secondary and tertiary structures' or is restricted to the formation of amino acid sequence. It has been reported (4) that fully reduced and enzymatically inactive bovine pancreatic ribonuclease can be oxidized in vitro by atmospheric oxygen to produce a soluble protein in high yield with a specific activity approaching that of native ribonuclease. The reduced molecule is apparently devoid of the native secondary and tertiary structures (5). Intramolecular oxidation of this form of ribonuclease to yield four disulfide bonds per mole from the eight sulfhydryl groups per mole would, with every conceivable combination of half-cystine residues, result in 105 isomers (6). However, the high regeneration of enzymatic activity suggests either that this oxidative process entails the preferential reformation of the disulfide bonds and other features of the secondary and tertiary structures that exist in native ribonuclease, or that there is more than one three-dimensional configuration of ribonuclease that would permit the expression of enzymatic activity. The results of comparative studies on the main chromatographic components of native and fully reduced, air-reoxidized ribonucleases indicate that these enzymes possess identical secondary and tertiary structures. This evidence suggests that all of the information needed for establishing these structural features resides in the primary structure and therefore that the template may be concerned only with determination of amino acid sequence in the protein chain.


The ageing population is putting stress on both public and private structures that provide services to this community. In order to ease this problem, assistive living systems can be deployed to support the elderly within their homes, providing them with a better quality of life while keeping healthcare costs low. In this paper we present a framework to monitor elderly activities using an RGB-D system. The solution uses depth information to determine the location of the elderly and report it to the cloud for later analysis. In turn relatives and carers can access the data to monitor the activity of the associated individual. Moreover, the system provides real-time alerts both to the elderly and the carers if abnormal behavior, such as a fall, is detected or no movement is registered for a long time span.


AIM
We aimed to identify SNPs associated with cabazitaxel toxicity and response within a Phase II clinical trial using this compound in advanced transitional cell carcinoma after progression to a platinum-based regimen.

PATIENTS & METHODS
Eleven SNPs in CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP2C8, ABCB1 and TUBB1 were genotyped in 45 patients.

RESULTS
CYP3A5 rs776746 A allele was associated with protection against gastrointestinal toxicity (odds ratio: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.007-0.63, p = 0.018) and with reduced progression-free survival (hazard ratio: 5.1, 95% CI: 1.7-15.1, p = 0.0038, multivariable analysis). ABCB1 SNPs were associated with total number of grade 3-4 toxicity events (p-values of 0.009, 0.041 and 0.043, respectively).

CONCLUSION
Polymorphisms in CYP3A5 and ABCB1 may define a subset of patients with different cabazitaxel toxicity and efficacy and therefore could be used as markers for treatment optimization.


White politics in colonial society Drawing on Foucault's observation that power in bourgeois society is exercised through disciplinary regimes that define the 'rule of normalization', Ann Stoler has shown how colonial orders were primarily structured by a language of difference. All sorts of everyday 'non-political' discourses about pedagogy, parenting, progress, respectability and so on served as micro-sites where racial membership was designated through the cumulative and undramatic measure of defining the distinctions of a Western, white, bourgeois self. Stoler adds that those discourses which mapped out the 'moral and political frontiers of European nations and colonial masters' tended to concentrate on the marginal members of the body politic, in an attempt to maintain the cultural borders of white colonial society. Following Stoler, this paper will examine attempts by the South African state to discipline poorer white men in mid-twentieth century South Africa. As the paper will demonstrate, education provides a site where racial membership is negotiated. Although not a paper about curriculum per se, this essay will interrogate the Army Education Scheme (AES), which was an adult education project established by white liberals for white male volunteers in the Union Defence Force (UDF), during the Second World War (1939–45). The paper will argue that during the Second World War the modalities of state discipline in South Africa changed: from the repression, control and surveillance of the interwar years, to education. Such changes reflected the evolving trajectories of white proletarianization and a changing line-up of political forces within the colonial order. They also represented a moment of idealism and hope amongst a group of white South African liberals in the UDF, born of wartime struggle against Nazism and fascism—a struggle for social justice and a better world. Through the AES, white liberals hoped to promote amongst white volunteers the values of 'South Africanism', which, by the Second World War, encapsulated an


ABSTRACT Many scholars use big data analysis methods to investigate tourist destination image. However, research on the internal relations between the key elements of tourist destination image and its revolution trends is rare, especially with respect to seasonal trends. To bridge this gap in the literature, our research is the first to comprehensively use multiple big data analysis methods to explore tourist destination image based on tourist gaze theory. By analyzing 22,035 tourists' reviews of Huangshan, we had three main findings: First, 'convenient', 'worthy', 'beautiful scenery', 'satisfactory', 'adequate facilities', and 'great experience' are the six main tourism destination image dimensions of Huangshan; second, the keywords of each dimension display various co-occurrence relations; finally, the tourism destination image dimensions exhibit different seasonal trends over time. Our study not only greatly enhances the existing literature, but also provides important practical implications for destination marketing organizations.


This paper analyses the existing problems in College English Teaching,and points out that College English Teaching can adapt to the present situation and meet the needs of the society only after it is reformed,and some suggestions and methods are listed.


There is a great need for a better pancreas-imaging agent. Studies with (1-/sup 14/C) DL-valine have shown this amino acid to have a high pancreatic specificity in the four animal species examined. The tissue distribution was almost optimal by 30 min after injection, and no carrier effect was observed through a dose of 5 mg/kg. (1-/sup 11/C) DL-Valine was synthesized in amounts up to 363 mCi using a rapid (T/sub /sup 1///sub 2// = 20.4 min for C-11), high-temperature, high-pressure modification of the Buecherer-Strecker amino acid synthesis. Purification was by anion-exchange followed by cation-exchange chromatography. (I-/sup 11/C) DL-Valine was obtained in a 70 percent chemical yield with a total synthesis and purification time of 45 min. Studies in animals have demonstrated that it is a potentially useful new agent for clinical pancreatic imaging.


This research mainly adopts the methods of documentation research and Charts. The research demonstrates that different athletes have different decelerations in the later part of 110-meter hurdle race as the result of different distances of their start-hurdle. Different distances for starting to hurdle produce different hurdling speed, which leads to the deceleration in the later part of 110-meter hurdle race. The research proves that, by stabilizing the distances for starting to hurdle, bending their knees and swinging their legs higher, the deceleration in the later part of 110-meter hurdle race can be remedied.


Relevance. The relevance of the study, the results of which are presented in this article, is due to the increased need to review and systematize the results of modern scientific research in the field of agricultural cooperation, which, on the one hand, reflect the trends and problems of development of agricultural cooperatives that have developed in world practice, on the other hand, have a heuristic and practical significance for improving the conditions for the development of cooperation directly in the Russian environment (moreover, taking into account its current state and existing challenges and threats).Methods. The methods used in the course of the study, in particular, integrative and discursive methods, review and analytical techniques, rigorous comparative assessments of new (obtained in the analyzed works) conclusions, made it possible to carefully monitor and strictly correlate such research aspects as (1) struggles faced by cooperatives due to the deterioration of the political and macroeconomic environment, the negative consequences of climate change, emerging biological (and other) threats, (2) a theoretical justification for the reasons for the decrease in the efficiency of cooperatives due to existing fluctuations in the conditions of their functioning, ( 3) practical solutions offered by scientists in the light of modern interdisciplinary research of the phenomenon under study (agricultural cooperation).Results. As a result of the review and analytical work undertaken to achieve the stated goal (generalization and systematization of existing concepts of the functioning of agricultural cooperatives, identification of their heuristic potential for use in the process of developing an algorithm and mechanisms for introducing business and socially-oriented models of agricultural cooperatives into Russian practice), it is necessary to highlight the publications of those authors who seek (1) to find new approaches to preserving the unique cooperative organization, on the one hand, and finding an adequate response to global changes in society and the economy, on the other, (2) to develop the theory of agricultural cooperation, taking into account a number of circumstances that a few years ago were not defined as worthy of attention, but today are considered as decisive for the development of many socio-economic processes (coronacrisis, foreign economic sanctions, a fundamental violation of technological and logistic chains), (3) to focus purely fundamental research on solving urgent (applied) problems in the field of agricultural cooperation.


A mobile ad hoc network is a collection of mobile nodes communicating without wired network and infrastructure or centralized control. Due to limited transmission range of
wireless network, more than single hops may be required to transfer data across the network. In order to reliable communication within the network, a routing protocol is used
which are call MANET routing protocol. The major function of such an MANET routing protocol is to establishment short and real route between a pair of nodes so that messages
may be delivered in a timely manner. This research examines two routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks- the Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV), the proactive
routing protocol, and the Ad hoc On- Demand Distance Vector routing (AODV), a re-active routing protocol. The authors conduct a simulation to evaluate both protocols based on. basic important performance metrics; Packet Lost Ratio and Throughput The simulation was conducted using NS2.35.


Anthony Milner, The Invention of Politics in Colonial Malaya: Contesting Nationalism and the Expansion of the Public Sphere (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995) pp.328 $75.00 ISBN 0 52145665 6.


Many modern methods for prediction leverage nearest neighborsearch to find past training examples most similar toa test example, an idea that dates back in text to at leastthe 11th century and has stood the test of time. This monographaims to explain the success of these methods, both intheory, for which we cover foundational nonasymptotic statisticalguarantees on nearest-neighbor-based regression andclassification, and in practice, for which we gather prominentmethods for approximate nearest neighbor search thathave been essential to scaling prediction systems reliant onnearest neighbor analysis to handle massive datasets. Furthermore,we discuss connections to learning distances foruse with nearest neighbor methods, including how randomdecision trees and ensemble methods learn nearest neighborstructure, as well as recent developments in crowdsourcingand graphons.In terms of theory, our focus is on nonasymptotic statisticalguarantees, which we state in the form of how many trainingdata and what algorithm parameters ensure that a nearestneighbor prediction method achieves a user-specified errortolerance. We begin with the most general of such resultsfor nearest neighbor and related kernel regression and classificationin general metric spaces. In such settings in whichwe assume very little structure, what enables successful predictionis smoothness in the function being estimated forregression, and a low probability of landing near the decisionboundary for classification. In practice, these conditionscould be difficult to verify empirically for a real dataset. Wethen cover recent theoretical guarantees on nearest neighborprediction in the three case studies of time series forecasting,recommending products to people over time, and delineatinghuman organs in medical images by looking at imagepatches. In these case studies, clustering structure, whichis easier to verify in data and more readily interpretable bypractitioners, enables successful prediction.


The U.S. is facing a serious decline in its water supply and is likely to turn to Canada as its next major source of water. Under NAFTA, Canada may become legally obligated to allow American companies to begin selling Canadian water. If one province trades its water, Canada can do little to stop water exports nationally. Consequently, it is crucial that Canada takes steps now to legally ensure its water is protected. This paper portrays the Canada / U.S. bulk water export issue as a conflict, and proposes strategies that Canada could take to protect its freshwater. It applies a game theory perspective to the conflict, and illustrates the moves that each country might make to "win" the game and secure Canada's water supply. The purpose of this application is to better predict future strategies and their consequences when two political allies legally battle over the world's most precious natural resource.


The role of CD39 pathway in Th1 cell function in tuberculosis (TB) is rarely elucidated. The present study aims to investigate the modulating mechanism of CD39 pathway during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. CD39 expression was examined on host immune cells among patients with TB. The relationship between CD39 expression and Th1 cell function was analysed. Patients with TB displayed dramatically higher CD39 expression on Th1 cells than healthy controls, and a significantly increased expression of surface markers, including activation, exhaustion and apoptosis markers, were noted in CD39+ Th1 cells in comparison with CD39− Th1 cells. Conversely, CD39 expression on Th1 cells was associated with diminished number of polyfunctional cells producing Th1‐type cytokines, and CD39+ Th1 cells showed obviously lower proliferation potential. Notably, tetramer analysis demonstrated a predominant CD39 expression on TB‐specific CD4+ cells, which was associated with higher apoptosis and lower cytokine‐producing ability. Transcriptome sequencing identified 27 genes that were differentially expressed between CD39+ and CD39− Th1 cells, such as IL32, DUSP4 and RGS1. Inhibition of CD39 pathway could enhance the activation, proliferation and cytokine‐producing ability of Th1 cells. Furthermore, there was a significantly negative correlation between CD39 expression on Th1 cells and nutritional status indicators such as lymphocyte count and albumin levels, and we observed a significant decline in CD39 expression on Th1 cells after anti‐TB treatment. CD39 is predominantly expressed on TB‐specific Th1 cells and correlated with their exhausted function, which suggests that CD39 could serve as a prominent target for TB therapy.


The invention discloses a method and equipment for detecting a link state, and a bi-layer detection message is used for searching the position wherein a loop occurs in a network so as to provide abundant information comprising equipment name, port number and VLAN information, thus providing information for a user to rapidly find out the position where a network fault occurs, reducing the harm of broadcast storms and speeding up the recovery of the network fault.


This paper presents an evolutional compensator design for motion control systems using genetic algorithms (GA). The control system is composed of a robust 2-degrees-of-freedom (2DOF) compensator based on the coprime factorization description. The structural design and parameterization for the compensator essentially requires complicated theoretical and numerical procedures to realize the given control specifications. In this research, an autonomous design approach is proposed, where the optimal compensator structure and its parameters can be autonomously determined to satisfy the specified motion control performance by the optimization ability of GA, paying particular attention to the system robustness against load disturbances and variation of mechanical parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed compensator design has been verified by experimental results using prototype.


Although some aspects of pre-Roman and pre-Christian beliefs remain shrouded in mystery, the author of this comprehensive, profusely illustrated volume contends that neither the Roman invasion of Britain nor the coming of Christianity eliminated pagan religious practice. Dr Anne Ross, who speaks Gaelic and Welsh, writes from wide experience of living in Celtic speaking communities where she has traced vernacular tradition. She employs archaeological and anthropological evidence, as well as folklore, to provide broad insight into the early Celtic world. She begins by examining Celtic places of worship, the shrines and sanctuaries in which sacred objects were housed and from where they could be ritually displayed with various rites and sacrifices were conducted before the people. Dr Anne Ross describes the divine warriors with their aquatic, therapeutic and fertility connection. Dr Anne Ross is truly gripping as she leads the reader through her evidence from ritual pits and cult sites, votive wells, sacred precincts and monuments. This is a brilliant piece of historical and archaeological reconstruction.


Abstract: Iris recognition is a well-known biometric technique. Iris recognition is regarded as the most reliable and accurate biometric identification system available. Most commercial iris recognition systems use patented algorithms developed by Daugman, and these algorithms are able to produce perfect recognition rates. In this work, we evaluate, modify and extend John Daugman's method. However, published results have usually been produced under favorable conditions, and there have been no independent trials of the technology. The work presented here involves developing an 'open- source iris recognition system in order to verify both the uniqueness of the human iris and also its performance as a biometric. Iris recognition systems capture an image from an individual's eye. The iris in the image is then segmented and normalized for feature extraction and matrix matching process. The iris recognition system consists of an automatic segmentation system, and is able to localize the circular iris and pupil region, excluding eyelids and eyelashes, and reflections. The extracted iris regions were normalized into a rectangular block with constant dimensions to account for imaging inconsistencies. This method can successfully detect all the pupil boundaries in the IIT Delhi Database and CASIA database and increase the recognition accuracy.


of Winners IAAI-02 includes 18 papers – 7 deployed award-winning applications that spotlight new AI technologies with measurable benefits, and 11 emerging applications that showcase tools and techniques for next-generation intelligent applications. Description: Prototype system for monitoring infectious disease outbreaks and other global events. It provides multilingual , global access to medical experts and others involved in humanitarian assistance and relief work. information is automatically extracted and tagged for searching. MiTAP currently stores 800,000 articles and processes an additional 2,000 to 10,000 daily. This application uses emerging DARPA-funded language processing technologies from the TIDES program. A TIDES World Press Update, a daily newsletter created by a user and available to MiTAP users and subscribers. Results: Close to 100 user accounts, daily average of 7 users. Anecdotal results suggest MiTAP is a " labor-saving and intelligence gathering tool ". " I look it [TIDES World Press Update] over each day and consider it a tool in the war on terrorism " (Advisor on bioterrorism in a White House office since Sept. 13, 2001.) " Superb work and an asset to the new war in which information sometimes trumps fire and steel. My staff uses it daily. " (Vice-Admiral, Director of Warfighting Requirements (N7), the Pentagon)


This research extends creativity theory by re-conceptualizing creativity as a two-dimensional construct (radical and incremental) and examining the differential effects of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic rewards, and supportive supervision on perceptions of creativity. We hypothesize and find two distinct types of creativity that are associated with different motivational factors. We further consider how combinations of motivational factors are linked to the different types of creativity. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.


Modern applications of HRXRD, PXRD, X-Ray Reflectometry and SAXS require measurement to be performed with a high dynamical range and with a well-defined source of x-rays. The known feature of current commercial x-ray sources is that some radiation comes from the outside spot area due to the non-ideal focusing of electrons. This effect results in "tails" of intensity around the main maximum contributing to the background at 3%-6% of the total intensity.


In this communication the author laid before the Society the particulars of a series of experiments, having for their object to discover what influence is exerted by ordinary light, by the different coloured rays, and by darkness on the development, growth, and nutrition of animals. After referring to the experiments of Edwards, Higginbottom, E. Forbes, Morren, Wöhler, Hannon, Moleschott, and Béclard, the results of which were shown to be somewhat contradictory, the author described the precautions taken by himself to avoid sources of fallacy.


I explore the discourse on friendship in four Latin Christian authors, Ambrose of Milan, Augustine of Hippo, John Cassian and Aelred of Rievaulx, and how it occurs in the intersection of Cicero and biblical models and maxims. I conclude that friendship is not only central to the authors' view of a fulfilled human life, but also to their understanding of the relationship between God and human beings.


Wireless networks and communications promise to allow improved access to services and information, ubiquitous connectivity, and mobility. However, current wireless networks are not well-equipped to meet the high bandwidth and strict delay requirements of future applications. Wireless networks suffer from frequent losses and low throughput. We aim to provide designs for robust wireless networks. This dissertation presents protocols and algorithms that significantly improve wireless network performance and effectively overcome interference, erasures, and attacks. The key idea behind this dissertation is in understanding that wireless networks are fundamentally different from wired networks, and recognizing that directly applying techniques from wired networks to wireless networks limits performance. The key ingredient underlying our algorithms and protocols is network coding. By recognizing the algebraic nature of information, network coding breaks the convention of routing networks, and allows mixing of information in the intermediate nodes and routers. This mixing has been shown to have numerous performance benefits, e.g. increase in throughput and robustness against losses and failures. We present three protocols and algorithms, each using network coding to harness a different characteristic of the wireless medium. We address the problem of interference, erasures, and attacks in wireless networks with the following network coded designs. • Algebraic NC exploits strategic interference to provide a distributed, randomized code construction for multi-user wireless networks. Network coding framework simplifies the multi-user wireless network model, and allows us to describe the multi-user wireless networks in an algebraic framework. This algebraic framework provides a randomized, distributed code construction, which we show achieves capacity for multicast connections as well as a certain set of non-multicast connections. • TCP/NC efficiently and reliably delivers data over unreliable lossy wireless networks. TCP, which was designed for reliable transmission over wired networks, often experiences severe performance degradation in wireless networks. TCP/NC combines network coding's erasure correction capabilities with TCP's congestion control mechanism and reliability. We show that TCP/NC achieves significantly higher throughput than TCP in lossy networks; therefore, TCP/NC is well suited for reliable communication in lossy wireless networks.


We simulate and compare three phases of the Mars‐solar wind interaction with the 8 March interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) event using Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission observations in order to derive heavy ion precipitation and escape rates. The MAVEN observations provide the initial conditions for three steady state MHD model cases, which reproduce the observed features in the solar wind density, velocity, and magnetic field seen along the MAVEN orbit. Applying the MHD results to a kinetic test particle model, we simulate global precipitation and escape maps of O+ during the (1) pre‐ICME phase, (2) sheath phase, and (3) ejecta phase. We find that the Case 1 had the lowest precipitation and escape rates of 9.5 × 1025 and 4.1 × 1025 s−1, Case 2 had the highest rates of 9.5 × 1025 and 4.1 × 1025 s−1, and Case 3 had rates of 3.2 × 1025 and 1.3 × 1025 s−1, respectively. Additionally, Case 2 produced a high‐energy escaping plume >10 keV, which mirrored corresponding STATIC observations.


With the globalization of higher education, English has become the lingua franca of universities operating in non–English-speaking countries seeking internationalization. The communication needs of students studying in such foreign-language contexts have not been fully explored. In this study, the authors interviewed a purposeful sample of professors teaching a variety of specialties in the School of Business in an environment in which English is a foreign language in order to ascertain their perceptions of students' ability to communicate in English, and these teachers' ability to focus on their students' writing skills. The findings reveal that although these teachers asserted the importance of communication skill, particularly in written English, they did not feel that nurturing that skill was part of their academic responsibilities. They felt that they had neither the time nor the expertise to nurture students' ability to communicate in English.


The National Curricular Parameters (PCN's-1998) suggest a contextualized teaching, which enhances the dialogue that runs through popular culture and the erudite


This work presents the possibility of modification of semiconductor laser characteristics by a superposition of stresses introduced during technological process. A short description of the most often introduced stress mechanisms and their theoretically expected influence on laser diode emission characteristics are outlined. Experimental results of combination of stress (or strain) mechanisms introduced both by a MOVE growth of lattice-mismatched GaAsP active layer in AlGaAs heterostructure and by H+ and He+ implantation used for stripe definition are presented. It has been shown that He+ implantation-induced strain can be considerably stronger with respect to lattice-mismatch originated strain then it has been evaluated so far in literature, giving possibilities of new solutions in optoelectronics design.


S INCE John Hunter's death, a vast literature has sprung up in the form of books, orations delivered before The Hunterian Society, and annual orations elsewhere. Hence it is impossible, and indeed it would be a mere impertinence, for me to attempt to add anything to the biography of the great man. My object is to attempt to throw into relief certain aspects of his character by a survey of his environment. In order to deal faithfully with the life of a great man, there are three circumstances that should be especially considered: (i) what he did; (2) his contemporaries, and the condition of the times in which he lived, and (3) the associations which he formed, namely friends, assistants and acquaintances, on whose testimony we are so largely dependent. In regard to the first of my headings, as I have already said I can add nothing to our knowledge of the work of John Hunter. Suffice it to say that a consideration of what he achieved in the time in which he lived, with all its superstition and ignorance (often disguised under the cloak of pomp and ceremony), reveals the man as a true and discerning student of nature, who succeeded in no small measure in ridding her of the nebulae with which at the time she was enshrouded. Although the Hunterian tradition has been handed down to posterity and will exist for all time, yet little appears to be known of the personali-


Abstract This article presents an extensive survey of current research on the transformer loss problem, particularly from the view of practical engineering applications. It reveals that the transformer loss problem remains an active research area. This article classified the transformer loss problem into three main groups: (a) tank losses due to high-current bushings, (b) losses in transformer core joints, and (c) stray losses in the transformer tank. It is based on over 50 published works, which are all systematically classified. The methods, the size of transformers, and other relevant aspects in the different works are discussed and presented.


Application programming interfaces (APIs) are everywhere around us today. Just think - every time you post, comment or "like" on social media or every time you complete a transaction online, you are interacting with an API. API Economy is a vast domain that covers the exposure and invocation of services from and to anywhere. Cloud computing, mobile devices and the Internet of Things (IoT) are the main catalysts behind the growth of the API Economy. At the center of the API Economy are RESTful APIs because they are, by nature, language-neutral and by far the most widely used type of API today.


An elliptic cylindrical inclusion with an eigenstrain in an infinite laminate composed of multiple isotropic layers is analyzed. The problem is formulated by using the classical laminated plate theory in which displacement fields in the laminated plate are expressed in terms of in-plane displacements on the main plane and transverse displacement. Employing a method based on influence functions, an integral type solution to the equilibrium equation is expressed in terms of the eigenstrain. Closed-form solutions for the elastic fields are obtained by evaluating the integrals explicitly for interior points and exterior points of the ellipse. The elastic fields caused by an elliptic cylindrical inhomogeneity with an eigenstrain in the infinite laminate are determined by the equivalent eigenstrain method. Solutions for a finite laminate with an eigenstrain in a circular cylindrical inhomogeneity are also obtained in terms of material and geometric parameters for each layer composing the laminate.


A new meter-wave survey of sky region north of declination +30° is carried out with the Miyun 232 MHz Synthesis Radio Telescope(MSRT). The instrument, observation and some new imaging techniques are briefly described in this paper. As first result, two 8° x 8° regions centred respectively at α: 00h41m,δ: 41°12' and α: 07h00m,δ: 35°00' were observed and reduced. On the average 4-5 sources per square degree are recorded with position accuracy of 5"/S(Jy). The accuracy of flux determination is limited by background fluctuation which is about 30 mJy. The catalogue is complete for sources with flux larger than 0.25 Jy.


The feasibility of combined current leads with a superconducting extension using high-T/sub c/ superconductors is demonstrated. The performance of systems with heatsink at room temperature or at LN/sub 2/ temperature are compared. In both cases the leads and the busbars are cooled by counterflowing helium gas and the superconducting part can be, depending on T and I, in the superconducting state, in the normal state, or in the current-sharing regime. The improvement obtained by such a system is important notwithstanding the limited current capacity of today high-T/sub c/ superconductors, at least for the LN/sub 2/-cooled system. >


Organizing the teaching and learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic is a challenge for educational stakeholders, including teachers and parents, especially at the early childhood education level, which is thick with play and the inherent supervision of teachers and parents. The kindergarten students' learning becomes hampered due to the need for traditional face-to-face learning. The online learning model is proven to be challenging for students, even with parents' guidance. The obstacles can be in the form of digital literacy skills or supporting facilities. Dealing with the challenges, family-school partnership-based learning is proposed as one of the learning models to gain the expected learning outcomes. The learning model involves parents actively taking the role of tutors for their children at home, while the school prepares learning materials with detailed processes and a structured schedule. Even though it is still beyond perfect, learning outcomes can be achieved in accordance with


About a quarter of all residential energy consumption is used on devices in idle power mode, according to a study of Northern California by the Natural Resources Defense Council. That means that devices that are "off" or in standby or sleep mode can use up to the equivalent of 50 large power plants' worth of electricity and cost more than $19 billion in electricity bills every year. And there's an environmental cost: Overall electricity production represents about 37 percent of all carbon dioxide emissions in the US, one of the math contributors to climate change. Here, Oaks-Leaf presents several mathematical problems about electricity.


Several studies validated R1 as a marker for relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF). However, the similarities or differences of R1 estimates obtained from different PET tracers has never been investigated.


Wireless access points on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being considered for mobile service provisioning in commercial networks. To be able to efficiently use these devices in cellular networks it is necessary to first have a qualitative and quantitative understanding of how their design parameters reflect on the service quality experienced by the end user. In this paper we model a network of UAVs operating at a certain height above ground to provide wireless service within coverage areas shaped by their directional antennas, with the UAVs using the existing terrestrial base station network for wireless backhaul. We provide an analytical expression for the coverage probability experienced by a typical user as a function of the UAV parameters. Using our derivations we demonstrate the existence of an optimum UAV height which maximises the end user coverage probability. We then explore a scenario where the UAVs adjust their individual heights to meet their backhaul requirements while at the same time attempting to maximise the coverage probability of the end user on the ground.


A subset D of vertices of a connected graph G is called a semiglobal total dominating set if  D is a dominating set for G and G sc and has no isolated vertex in G, where G sc is the semi complementary graph of G. The semiglobal total domination number is the minimum cardinality of a semiglobal total dominating set of G and is denoted by γ sgt (G). In this paper exact values for γ sgt (G) are obtained for some graphs like  cycles, wheel and paths are presented as well.


This study it analyzes the enterprising abilities and the net of social relations in the process of decision of the exercise of undertaking. In literature on intrapreneurship the existing research focus separately, however in constructs enterprising abilities (DRUCKER, 1986; PAIVA et al, 2006), however in constructs social relations (GRANOVETER, 1985; VASCONCELOS 2005). The research contributes for the magnifying of the theoretical debate of as these two constructs are built and which associations can be attributed they in the opening of a business. The considered epistemologico model suggests to analyze the abilities and the influence of the social interactions in the perspectives of the perception of the environment and the strategical action. Using the technique of thematic analysis of content the collected fragments of the interviews with physiotherapists of the Region Metropolitan of Belo Horizonte had been grouped in thematic sub-subjects, nucleus and nucleus of felt associates to the two constructs. The results of the work demonstrate that the professionals of the health act in intuitive way in the conception it proper business and if they abstain from any preliminary strategical planning. KeyW Social Relationship.


Forest area plays a fundamental role in air and water quality and directly impacts agricultural productivity. This research aims to examine the impact of government stability and investment profiles on forest cover in countries within the ASEAN region. Specifically, the research includes Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. In the research development, we examine the role which protected natural areas play in the conservation of forests. We employ second-generation cointegration methods of cross-section dependence and slope heterogeneity. The results suggest that forest cover has been significantly reduced in this region, while government stability and the investment profile have a volatile behavior. The second-generation cointegration test results suggest there is no long-term relationship between the three series. Likewise, the short- and long-term elasticities highlight the importance of environmental protection policies to conserve forests.


Debottlenecking of existing mature oil field can be one of the easiest ways to unlock production. An Integrated Asset Operating Model (IAOM) is the quickest way to perform this system optimization modeling (IAOM) in big field with large number of wells producing from different reservoirs and hydrocarbon properties. The model can carry out several production optimization scenarios. In addition, it provides an easier and quicker system analysis to help in identifying and reducing bottleneck, deliver production mandates and sustainability.
 In a major field in ADNOC Onshore, a full-field IAOM model with over 500+ wells and flowlines was created for this purpose The model was used to identify a short-term optimization opportunity at Manifold #2 which resulted in a sustained gain of 8.0 MBOD. This model determine that extra production could be added from healthy, choked back wells if the system operating pressure was allowed to rise above the current 30 bar limit. These wells were identified based on IAOM network scenario runs which were used to demonstrate that the increased back pressure would not impact the weak wells connected to Manifold #2. With this solution in hand, the system pressure was increased from 30 bar to 35 bar from ∼12 wells that were choked open. This manifold was operating at this new condition for over 12 months at the time of this paper.
 Another major issue encountered in the surface network of this field is slugging. Slugging can occur during significant reduction on choke sizes and continues increase in drawdown that will result in additional gas production. The additional gas will flow and further reduction on bottom hole pressure at the reservoir creating higher liquid hold up. At a certain stage, the gas will not be able to lift the liquid due to the backpressure created causing slugging flow on the system. Using IAOM, a solution was identified to reduce to find the well operating range that would not induce slugging yet say within the operating limits (integrity, reservoir guidelines, etc.) The modeling results indicates that slugging will improve at a higher flow rates based on the solution provided candidate wells have been identified on the same station.
 Utilization of integrated system optimization modeling can help in understanding well-by-well behavior and properties of hydrocarbon fluids passing through the system and assist in identifying the slugging source and low station pressure. The effect of the pressure increase has been modeled for different production rate scenarios and to estimate the flow regime in the transfer line (i.e stratified, annular, slugging or bubble flow). Expected flow regime is combination of stratified and slugging. The results indicates that more severe slugging is occurring at lower flow rates. On the other hand, operating at higher rates and operating pressure can alleviate the slugging problems.
 As a result, the system optimization modeling carried out on the station helped in identifying slugging issues and reduced bottleneck by improving the total production by more than 5%. This solution improved the asset sustainability and performance with minimal cost.


Acyl(phenylselanyl)methylidene(triphenyl)-λ5-arsanes 3 have been synthesized by treating acylmethylidene(triphenyl)-λ5-arsanes 1 with phenylselanyl iodide 2; α-selanylarsonium ylides 3 are sufficiently reactive to undergo Wittig-type reactions, affording a novel method for the stereoselective synthesis of (Z)-α-phenylselanyl α,β-unsaturated ketones 6.


The property of T cells to form rosettes with sheep red blood cells has been used to separate peripheral blood lymphocytes into purified T- and B-cell suspensions after density gradient centrifugation. A study of lymphocyte markers has shown that 2-6 per cent of E rosettes only were recovered in the B cell-enriched population. Lymphocyte stimulation in vitro was obtained with PHA, con A and PWM in unseparated and T-cell populations, but never in B-cell suspensions. Experiments of recombination between the two purified fractions have demonstrated that 10% of T cells added to B cells were able to induce a response to PHA and PWM. Otherwise, only T cells responded to allogenic stimulation. Lastly, B and T cells seemed to bind qualitatively and quantitatively the same mitogens on their membranes.


The old myth of Serbian hegemony has recently been resurrected following disturbances in Yugoslavia in the last years of the past decade. These protests were sparked by a variety of Serbian grievances, the most immediate of which was the seeming inability of the Yugoslav authorities to protect the Serbian minority in the autonomous province of Kosovo from persecution by the provincial Albanian majority. The myth, some would call it a canard, of Serbian hegemony has an old and interesting history. It bears examination, especially in view of recent events in Yugoslavia. Two English publicists were in the main responsible for spreading the myth. They are Wickham Steed and R. W. Seton-Watson, mainly the latter. Both had been critics of the AustroHungarian Empire and strong proponents of a south Slav state. They, however, had some preconceived notions of what that state should be, or perhaps what it should not be. Seton-Watson, writing in 1911, concluded, "the triumph of the Pan-Serb idea would mean the triumph of Eastern over Western culture, and would be a fatal blow to progress and modern development throughout the Balkans." ' Moreover, he even denied the importance of Serbs in Croatia by quoting the position of the party of Pure Right, led by Joseph Frank, which saw the Serbs in Croatia as not really Serbs but as "merely Orthodox Croats." 2 After the new state, first called the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, came into being in 1918, and especially when it became evident that it would not be an instant success, Steed and Seton-Watson began an assiduous search for the reasons. The easiest solution was to settle on the Serbs as culprits, that is of secking to dominate the other south Slavs. The two


coalescing urban and urbanizing areas was recognized as a new form of urban development for its time. In addition to physical development, the U.S. Northeastern Megalopolitan corridor was composed of intangible activities that Gottmann called "quaternary" economic activities. These services were concerned mostly with the processing of information, especially information that could be used in decision making. In those days, the information largely was stored and transmitted on paper. Today, new kinds of corridors are emerging, composed of, and driven by, both tangible physical development and intangible services development; however, the development of these new corridors is driven by information technology (IT) and telecommunications technologies, both infrastructural and informational. The result is a form of digital development and electronic space known as "intelligent corridors." Intelligent corridors represent the physical source of electronic space. The term "electronic space" is used to encompass the locational relationships and interplay between information technology (IT) and telecommunications technologies on the one hand, and the economy, society, and public policies on the other hand. These dynamics have changed our perception of space and distance. For example, the use of the World Wide Web enables us to access information swiftly and, IN the 1950s, geographer Jean Gottmann began the systematic study of Virginia and other areas of the U.S. northeastern seaboard, a region that he termed Megalopolis. This corridor of Gottmann


Patterned octadecyltrichlorosilane monolayers are used to inhibit film nucleation, enabling selective area atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ruthenium on SiO2 and HfO2 surfaces using bis-(cyclopentadienyl)ruthenium and oxygen. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that OTS could deactivate film growth on thermal silicon oxide and hafnium oxide surfaces. The growth rate of ALD Ru is similar on various starting surfaces, but the growth initiation differed substantially. Metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors were fabricated directly using the selective-area process. Capacitance measurements indicate the effective work function of ALD Ru is 4.84±0.1eV on SiO2, and the effective work function is reduced on HfO2∕SiO2 layers.


Abstract Background Population aging poses challenges to high quality health and social care for older people in Europe. The Horizon 2020 ValueCare project (www.projectvaluecare.eu) develops, implements and evaluates an Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) supported integrated health care solution. ValueCare aims to increase health-related quality of life of older people in Europe by a co-designed digital solution with end users. The project has seven pilot sites with unique social and cultural backgrounds: Athens, Greece; Coimbra, Portugal; Cork/Kerry, Ireland; Rijeka, Croatia; Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Treviso, Italy; and Valencia, Spain. Methods Taking this innovative practice as an ongoing research case, we will share important lessons learned in the designing, operationalization, and coordination of such a multidisciplinary project from a communication perspective. We will discuss the insights on the challenges and opportunities of designing and implementing innovative and robust digital solutions in various social contexts with different regulations. Results Recruiting participants was the most challenging task, especially during the pandemic. Different communication strategies were used to reach diverse participants to ensure inclusivity and diversity of the participants. We will discuss the communication aspects of ValueCare that can inspire future projects to consider communication perspectives in public health research and solutions. Conclusions The co-design approach increased the participation of end-users during the phase of development and implementation. Intense communication strategies were applied to engage older people and professionals in using the new care approach. ICT supported outcome-based integrated care has the potential to benefit the larger society in an equitable way. Key messages • Co-design may be applied to increase involvement of end-users during development and implementation of new care strategies. • Intense communication strategies are needed to engage older people, informal caregivers and care professionals in the development and use of new care strategies.


In her recent volume, Blaris Moor (2016), Medbh McGuckian becomes 'facilitator' of cultural memory in three poems about the Northern Irish Conflict and Bloody Sunday, 'The Statement of My Right Honourable Friend', 'The Questioning of Soldier L' and 'Telltale'. Herein, readers encounter a patchwork of eyewitness accounts and interlocking histories with multiple points of agency and dynamic causation. Significantly, these poems refrain from embracing any single history as inevitable; instead, they employ the literary trope of 'sideshadowing' to dialogically displace a predictable, closed-off universe. As a result, McGuckian may welcome contingencies and unplottable possibilities, in contrast to a determinism implicit in foreshadowing or backshadowing. This technique is especially useful in artistic responses to the Troubles, since it avoids a teleological historical model that regards tragic events simultaneously as inevitable – the culmination of a long history of suppression – and, contradictorily, as predictable and, therefore, easily avoidable. Lastly, McGuckian's decision to bring opposing orthodoxies into an unruly dialogue aligns the poet with the museum curator: both construct diverse narratives built out of contested testimonies and historical artifacts and both, thereby, honour the ethics of 'narrative hospitality', a cornerstone of ethical remembering in Northern Ireland.
Keywords: narrative hospitality, sideshadowing, trauma theory, communal witnessing, Bloody Sunday


A new range of high voltage Insulated Gate Bi-polar Transistors (IGBTs) is presented which have been optimised for pulsed power applications. The devices, rated for blocking voltages up to 5.2 kV, are based on punch through (PT) technology and have been optimised to maximise forward transconductance. This optimisation allows the device to operate at very high levels of pulsed collector current when compared to conventional IGBT technology. The design, construction and performance of a fully integrated five terminal switch assembly based on the abovementioned device is then discussed.


The perturbation of electronic spin can contain two process with the spin affect describing of the condition and with the spin affect energy level, so the perturbation of electronic spin can be explained by the symmetry theory.


Although socioeconomic status partly explains ethnic disparities seen with covid-19, cultural and structural racism also adversely affect health, argue Mohammad Razai and colleagues


Framing Discrepancies: A Comparison of Sex Offender Notification Meetings Between Minnesota Sex Offender Program and Minnesota Department of Corrections. Bakker, Justina Rose Directed by Dr. Barbara Carson Master of Science Sociology: Corrections Minnesota State University Mankato 2019 The purpose of this research was to assess if there are similarities and / or in how sex offender notification meetings are conducted by two different agencies who are not legally bound to assist in these meetings, but provide assistance, upon the release of sex offenders from custody. The agencies are the Minnesota Department of Corrections who release sex offender after their completion of custody sentences and the Minnesota Sex Offender Program who release sex offenders upon completion of treatment. Interviews were conducted with professional staff from the both agencies. Analyses of the findings of these interviews, along with an investigation of the mission statements of both agencies, find that the two state departments share some similarities but have distinct differences in the overall process of conducting a community notification meeting. Institutional Theory was used to interpret these findings and concluded that maintaining control over the process is more important for one agency than the other, with the intent to protect their public image. Also, while both agencies stated the intent of promoting public safety, one agency was far more involved in this process than the other. Upon conclusions of this study, policy recommendations will be made to help the State of Minnesota meet its legal mandate and enhance community safety. Table of


Companies are stranding resources and losing competitiveness in due to do not implementing the processes of effective Information Technology Governance. Assess the current level of maturity and define strategies to achieve the desired level are important steps for managers and executives in order to promote the alignment between business and IT. This paper presents the results of a research to identify the level of maturity in Telecom department in a large Brazilian bank, setting a desired level of maturity and indicate strategic actions to reach it. Guided by COBIT®, was identified the current maturity level and actions was proposed to achieve the desired one. In robust organizational structures, it is possible to verify that the local analysis of governance maturity can aid managers for planning aligned departmental efforts to executive strategy for IT and business, bringing major effectiveness


Both low and high ankle–brachial index are considered as indicators of systemic atherosclerosis in older HIV-negative adults. Whether those ankle–brachial index values are predictors of atherosclerosis in HIV-positive subjects remains unknown. We measured ankle–brachial index in 139 HIV-infected patients and compared the results obtained with carotid intima-media thickness, a well established marker of subclinic atherosclerosis. Ankle–brachial index was associated with carotid intima-media thickness. Patients with low ankle–brachial index, but not those with high ankle–brachial index, had high carotid intima-media thickness.


This paper designs a detection method for real-time acquisition of traffic intersection parameters based on image processing. Firstly, two virtual coils were drawn at the beginning and the end on the acquired video stream image. Next, the presence of the vehicle was judged based on the change of the gray value in the two virtual coils. The background difference algorithm was adopted to detect and obtain various traffic parameters. The experimental video samples were collected in the actual road environment. Our algorithm relies on the first and last two coils for information processing, and completes vehicle detection, speed detection, and important parameter information acquisition of body color. Experiments show that, compared with the traditional machine vision-based traffic information detection algorithm, our traffic parameter detection method, which is based on double virtual coils, has high detection accuracy, and can detect more parameter information, while satisfying real-time performance.


We address issues related to preventing traffic analysis in computer networks used for real time mission-critical applications. We consider an IP-based network where headers of packets, including source host address and destination host address, are readable by an observer (i.e., by a potential enemy). Although the encryption of network packets significantly increases privacy, the density of the traffic can still provide useful information to the observer. We take an approach by manipulating traffic in the network through host-based rerouting and traffic padding so that the traffic shows a time-invariant pattern. Thus, the observer can not derive any useful information about the real traffic pattern. By evaluating the performance of the algorithms used for this problem in terms of acceptance rate and execution time, we found that some well-known theoretical optimal and near-optimal algorithms failed to meet one or the other criteria. We present a heuristic method that can effectively prevent traffic analysis while at the same time meeting real-time requirements. Our algorithm generates a plan that specifies where and when the dummy packets should be transmitted and if and how the payload packets should be rerouted and can yield high acceptance rate with low execution time. The success of the algorithm stems from the fact that it explicitly takes into account the real-time requirements and properly balances the traffic over the links.


Affective organizational and occupational commitment is crucial for organizations. It has been proven that usage of High Commitment Management (HCM) practices improves affective organizational commitment, but no attention was paid to its influence on occupational type of commitment. They also measured direct influence of national culture on both construct; however, their findings often did not support with each other. By conducting a comparative research among university employees in the Netherlands and Poland HCM was proven to positively influence affective organizational and occupational commitment. Obtaining mixed results from moderated linear regression (only one cultural dimension had actual impact on the correlation between HCM and a focus of commitment) led to leaving the issue of influence of national culture on this correlation. Yet, there are perquisites that led to conclusion that confirmatory studies need to be done in the future to support these findings.


Reading plays a vital role in collegiate education. The purpose of the study is to identify the level of awareness of the engineering students in deploying the reading strategies while comprehending the text materials. The sample population constitutes 72 first year students studying at a private university. The study has used questionnaire method to understand the reading strategy awareness of the students. The study has identified that the first year students are moderately aware of the reading strategies. Further, the study has also identified that the students are interested in learning these reading strategies. Thus, the study suggests that students require explicit training in these reading strategies.


In Britain, interest in the subject of paraplegic locomotion was stimulated recently' by a television documentary which described how a policeman, paralysed by a bullet in the spine, eventually achieved his ambition to walk again. After the programme had been shown, health authorities and charities were inundated by requests from paraplegic patients wanting to walk. This review is based on a talk given to the Medical Disability Society in July 1987. It surveys the means of locomotion available to paralysed people (Table 1), excluding powered vehicles and the more esoteric forms of transportation such as the canoe and glider.


The paper describes an alternative method to perform the periodic inspection of UF{sub 6} cylinders. The hydraulic test is replaced by ultrasonic checking of wall thickness and by magnetic particle testing of all the weld seams. Information about the legal background, the air leak test and the qualification of inspectors is also given.


The absorption of light by molecules in the atmosphere of Earth is a complication for ground-based observations of astrophysical objects. Comprehensive information on various molecular species is required to correct for this so called telluric absorption. We present a neural network autoencoder approach for extracting a telluric transmission spectrum from a large set of high-precision observed solar spectra from the HARPS-N radial velocity spectrograph. We accomplish this by reducing the data into a compressed representation, which allows us to unveil the underlying solar spectrum and simultaneously uncover the different modes of variation in the observed spectra relating to the absorption of $\mathrm{H_2O}$ and $\mathrm{O_2}$ in the atmosphere of Earth. We demonstrate how the extracted components can be used to remove $\mathrm{H_2O}$ and $\mathrm{O_2}$ tellurics in a validation observation with similar accuracy and at less computational expense than a synthetic approach with molecfit.


The purpose of this study is to create a tire model using Pacejka Magic Formula. Tire is the fundamental component to determine vehicle dynamics and handling of the car. Improving vehicle performance keeping in mind the lateral and longitudinal dynamics can be done with the help of tire properties. The concept of understeer and oversteer are based on tire properties. Tire modeling is important to understand the longitudinal and lateral dynamics of a tire. Hence in this study, data from an actual tire stimulation was used to understand the tire behavior which will be used for suspension tuning to obtain the maximum output out of the tire. In this report the four coefficients pertaining to the Pacejka Magic Formula have been estimated for the Hoosier 18.0x6.0-10 tires at a given pressure, inclination angle and the load conditions given in the data. To find the parameters, the fitness function is optimized by iterating it with the raw data using the optimization techniques available in the MATLAB optimization toolbar. Here, the genetic algorithm has been used to optimize the fitness function.


The invention relates to a flexible high voltage direct current transmission project converter station and an arrangement method of the flexible high voltage direct current transmission project convertor station. According to the arrangement method, a joint building is included, and the flexible high voltage direct current transmission project converter station is arranged inside the joint building; an indoor direct current field is arranged on a transverse wall on one indoor side of the joint building, smoothing reactor units and direct current change-over switch units are installed inside the indoor direct current field; longitudinal walls on the two sides of the rest indoor space of the joint building are each provided with a function room; each function room is composed of a bridge arm rector chamber and a valve hall; each bridge arm rector chamber is used for installing bridge arm rector units; each valve hall is used for installing converter valve units; a control room is arranged between the two function rooms, and control and protection system units are installed inside the control room; a roof, a floor and walls of the joint building are each provided with a metal shielding net and a firewall, so that a Faraday cage is formed. According to the flexible high voltage direct current transmission project converter station and the arrangement method of the flexible high voltage direct current transmission project converter station, electromagnetic radiation interference of all the equipment units inside the converter station can be prevented, and therefore the flexible high voltage direct current transmission project converter station and the arrangement method can be widely applied to the field of flexible high voltage direct current transmission.


Decreased methionine sulphoxide reductase A expression renders melanocytes more sensitive to oxidative stress: a possible cause for melanocyte loss in vitiligo Zhou et al. investigated whether the decreased expression of methionine sulphoxide reductase A (MSRA) is one of the reasons why melanocytes are especially vulnerable to oxidative stress in vitiligo. MSRA expression in immortalized human epidermal melanocyte cell line PIG1 was downregulated by using the short interfering RNA (siRNA)-targeted gene silencing method. The changes in MSRA transcript and protein level were studied by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. Then the viability of MSRAsilenced melanocytes under oxidative stress was monitored. The siRNA specific for MSRA successfully suppressed MSRA expression in melanocytes. The lower MSRA expression in melanocytes led to an increased sensitivity to oxidative stress, resulting in more cell death. Furthermore, a remarkable loss of viable cells was found in MSRA-silenced melanocytes even in the absence of exogenously added oxidative stress. Zhou Z, Li CY, Li K et al. Decreased methionine sulphoxide reductase A expression renders melanocytes more sensitive to oxidative stress: a possible cause for melanocyte loss in vitiligo. Br J Dermatol 2009; 161:504–9.


The utilization of distance-adaptive coherent optical transceivers in combination with a flexible finer-grained Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) grid has been proposed in optical core networks to enable higher spectral efficiency and flexibility in the allocation of traffic flows. However, the application of distance-adaptive transceivers in metro networks, which are typically based on ring topologies and characterized by shorter distances and lower traffic volumes, is still an open research area both in terms of network resource savings and coherent technology requirements. This paper discusses and analyzes an optical metro ring network architecture with distance-adaptive coherent transceivers and formalizes the routing, modulation level, and spectrum assignment (RMLSA) optimization problem over such a network in order to evaluate the possible benefits introduced by the use of coherent technologies and of a spectrum grid of finer granularity in metro scenarios. Comparisons with legacy WDM systems show significant savings in terms of spectrum occupation and transceiver utilization.


The Science Panel for the Amazon is an unprecedented initiative convened under the auspices of the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN). The SPA is composed of over 200 preeminent scientists and researchers from the eight Amazonian countries, French Guiana, and global partners. These experts came together to debate, analyze, and assemble the accumulated knowledge of the scientific community, Indigenous peoples, and other stakeholders that live and work in the Amazon. The Panel is inspired by the Leticia Pact for the Amazon. This is a first-of-its-kind Report which provides a comprehensive, objective, open, transparent, systematic, and rigorous scienti fic assessment of the state of the Amazon's ecosystems, current trends, and their implications for the long-term well-being of the region, as well as opportunities and policy relevant options for conservation and sustainable development. Abstract In the past twenty years, the bioeconomy has been increasingly recognized for its potential to create value and its contribution to sustainable development. Although most of the world's biodiversity is located in tropical regions, the main players generating scientific and technological literature on the bioeconomy are situated far from tropical forests. The chapter's fundamental starting point is the recognition that the Amazon's ecosystems have been occupied by people who have accumulated a deep knowledge about them, interacting and decisively contributing to its maintenance for thousands of years. It is critical to understand, highlight, and demonstrate the strategic role that Amazonian ecosystems and local people can and should play in the global emergence of the bioeconomy. Evidence is accumulating on the enor-mous potential to produce a range of products and improve the well-being of people from these forests. This strategic role is not straightforward because of the natural attributes of their ecosystems: a sustainable pathway to the bioeconomy has yet to be built, and should go through several fundamental elements, including: a) Recognition that, by ethical principles, strengthening the forest economy should support the improvement of local livelihoods; b) Institutional signaling against illegality and deforestation; c) Improvement in the quality of information about different products and their value chains; and d) Provoking the emergence of dynamic markets as alternatives to the incomplete, socially unfair, and imperfect markets that dominate the forest economy today. This chapter paves the way for a new vision of a healthy, standing forest and flowing river bioeconomy. First, it presents the bioeconomy as a recent field with no unified definition in international literature. After this, it describes how the bioeconomy of forest socio-biodiversity in the Amazon is still very limited. The low economic efficiency of current ways of using the forest is discussed, and the current economic exploitation of forest socio-biodiversity in three basic sectors are presented: timber, non-timber products, and fishing. Then, the following services related to the bioeconomy are presented: synergies with forest restoration, tourism, and payment for ecosystem services. Finally, it discusses the transition needed for healthy, standing forests and flowing rivers to become a vector for the prosperity of populations and solutions for global socio-environmental challenges.


Microbial analysis of rhizosphere soil of meadow guava (Psiclium guajava L.) orchards, given different mulching treatments showed highest fungal and bacterial counts in banana leaf mulch treatment. Black polyethylene mulch had second highest bacterial load but least fungal load after control. The type of microflora varied among different treatments. Highest yield was obtained from plants given banana leaf mulch treatment.


Introduction: Fractures of the distal tibia can be challenging to treat because of limited soft tissue, the subcutaneous location and poor vascularity. Fractures of distal tibia remain a controversial subject despite advances in both nonoperative and operative care. The goal in expect care is to realign the fracture, realign limb length and early functional recovery. The aim of our study is to analyze the functional outcome of distal tibial fractures treated by Medial Distal Tibial Locking Compression Plate (LCP). Materials and Methods: This prospective study conducted over a period of 4 yrs from May 2015 to November 2018 after ethical committee approval. Patients in age group of 18-65 yrs presenting with closed distal tibial fractures of Ruedi and Allgower type – I, II, III were included in this study. Compound fractures and Age <18 & >65 were excluded. Patients with associated calcaneal and talar fractures were also excluded. Functional results were analysed with Iowa ankle evaluation score and radiological reduction is analysed with Teeny & Wiss scoring criteria. Results: The total number of patients included in this study was 30 with age range between 20-64 with a mean age of 32.8yrs. M:F 12:18. RTA being the most common mode of injury among them. Based of Ruedi Allgower types 8 belonged to Type A while 10, 7, 5 belongs to Types C1,C2,C3 respectively. 16 of them had fibular fracture at same level while 8 had fibular fracture at different level while 6 had intact fibula. We had a minimum follow up of 1 yr and maximum follow up of 4 yrs with mean follow up of 2.8 yrs. Union was achieved in all cases between 12-16 weeks. The mean duration from hospital admission to definitive surgery was around 10-14days. The mean functional ankle scores were 80.5with a maximum of 94 and minimum of 74. Anatomic reduction was achieved in about 22 cases with good alignment. Conclusion: Medial Tibial locking compression plating can be considered as a reliable modality of management of distal tibial fractures and it has to be done either within 24 hrs of the injury before the edema sets in or a delay of 8 to 12 days for the edema to settle down and the wrinkle sign appears. Respect the soft tissues, do not operate too early or through compromised skin, instead wait till the soft tissues is amenable for surgery. Restoration of the articular surface and reestablishing its relationship to the tibial shaft is the primary goal of treatment. Good functional result depends on reasonable anatomic reduction of the articular surface either by direct or indirect methods.


The advantageous optical pickup actuator is started for stabilization of the system. The optical pickup actuator includes different types of lens holder which is mounted a plurality of objective lenses for recording and / or reproducing information on an optical medium (D) for photographing according to the presently disclosed invention; A tilting unit for tilting the lens holder; It includes; and a control unit for controlling said tilting unit to be tilted around the objective lens corresponding to the type of an optical medium (D) that the lens holder is driven in the plurality of objective lenses. Optical pickup actuator, a plurality of the objective lens, offsetting or tilting control


Objective:Through the analysis of a static MLC sub field IMRT plan relative dose verification and the problems appearing during the analysis process,on the influence of relative dose verification through rate factors and how to improve the test pass rate.Methods:Will meet the clinical need of IMRT planning system to verify calculation of dose distribution in the die body,using Mapcheck1175 measurement of the plan the wild simulated irradiation dose distribution with TPS DTA,Gamma values calculated by rate test.Results:Based on the DTA and Gamma through rate and multiple Profile analysis,found that the optical field influence the consistency of IMRT plan is verified through rate,exceeding the threshold dose point position and target area and protection of organs relationship also deserves attention.Combined with literature analysis,analysis tools and parameter setting,planning design limited and other factors also affect the test pass rate.Conclusions:From strengthen treatment equipment quality control,program design process in proper conditions,the unified authentication system,and other aspects,to improve the verification through rate will help.


The invention relates to a method for preparing graphene on a copper plating substrate. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: preparing the graphical copper plating substrate on a silicon chip; and growing the graphene on the copper plating substrate for 2 to 5 minutes at the temperature of between 800 and 1,000 DEG C by using a normal pressure chemical vapor deposition method, using methane as a carbon source and using argon and hydrogen as carrier gases. A graphical graphene film can be directly prepared by the method, and the substrate can be compatible with an integrated circuit (IC) process; and the manufacturing method is simple and low in cost, and can be used for large-scale manufacture.


This paper is attempt to study the effect of macroeconomic variables and the behaviour of Kuwait stock exchange during the period from 1995 to 2005 using monthly data for both the market and its sub sectors. Interest rate, money supply, inflation, and. government expenditure are the macro variables used, while marl