Inertial measurement units (IMUs) increasingly function as a basic component of a wearable sensor network (WSN). The IMU-based joint angle estimation (JAE) is a typical usage of IMUs for WSN, with extensive applications. However, the issue that IMUs move with respect to their original placement during JAE is still a research gap and limits the robustness of deploying the technique in real-world application scenarios. In this study, we propose to detect and correct the IMU movement online in a computationally lightweight manner. In particular, we first experimentally investigate the influence of IMU movements. Second, we design the metrics for detecting IMU movements by mathematically formulating how the IMU movement affects the IMU's measurements. Third, we determine the optimal thresholds of metrics by synthetic IMU data from a significantly amended simulation model. Finally, a correction method is proposed to correct the effects of IMU movements. We demonstrate our method on both synthetic data and real-user data. Our proposed method achieves a detection rate of 94.8%, a misdetection rate of 9.8%, and the calculation time of 2.15 ms for detecting IMU movements and can restore the accuracy of JAE. All of the results significantly outperform the intuitive method. The results demonstrate our method is a promising solution to detect and correct IMU movements during JAE. This study will aid the deployment of IMU-based JAE in real-world applications.


An adaptive neural network control scheme for X-Y position table is proposed by the paper. X-Y position table model is established, controller based on neutral network is used to learn adaptive and compensate uncertainty model of X-Y position table, neutral network is used to study model. Neural network parameters base on stochastic gradient algorithm can be adjusted adaptive on line. Neural network controller base on augmented variable method is designed.


Pesticide is one of the pest control agents. Before concept of economic threshold was introduced, pesticide was used under scheduled method based on life cycle of insect pests. Therefore, pests damage was influenced by pesticide application, and resulting one-way relationship between pest attack and pesticide application. After the economic threshold concept was introduced as pest control strategy, the relationship becomes two-directions, namely pest attack is affected by pesticide application, and vice versa. Therefore, the simple relationship does not reflect the real condition. The unbiased relationship can be overcame by econometric approach called two stage least square, including new relevant independent variables. The objective of this study is determining the reversible relationship between pest attack and pesticide application. For this purpose, the time series data-containing pest attack level and pesticide application on rice and soybean during 1990–1998 were required. The result of analysis in rice indicated that the irreplaceable phenomenon that is increasing pest attack caused by rising pesticide application, but in soybean indicated common condition that is pest attack reduced when pesticide application increase. On the other hand, both pesticides application on rice and soybean were influenced by pests attack condition. Higher pest attack causes increasing pesticides application. Key words: econometric, simultaneous equation, economic threshold


The impact of the COVID 19 Pandemic has arguably been inflicted largely in the economic sector than in the health sector. People are suffering every day with millions losing jobs and fall into poverty especially in developing countries. While each government is saving the world from the global recession, the need for local lifeboat initiatives is imperative to contribute to the local economy. If not assisting the country from the sever e national recession, it helps vulnerable groups and individuals to survive the global recession. The s ocial bricoleur is a type of social enterprise characterized by its self-governing nature to venture opportunities using the readily available resources based on their tacit position in the social fabric. The research is investigating how solidarity in response to COVID-19 can be enabled by engineering ecosystem orchestration and management through social bricoleur initiatives. The study was conducted with an exploratory single case study to gain insights on how social bricoleurs play a part in addressing social gaps, using the Bagirata platform who operates in response to the COVID-19 economy as a collective effort of wealth redistribution . This middle-class society is the largest in numbers for major cities in Indonesia where the social wealth is the weakest and the population density is the highest, therefore might result in a more fractious society and prone to more social conflict. This class of society also indicates potentials for development programs, rather than the cash-transfer programs that the government has taken such measure recently. No solution fits all, the solidarity calls are inclined to create as many as solutions possible we could create with our resource s.


The properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials are readily affected by their surroundings. Therefore, the underlying substrates and surrounding materials always disturb the pristine properties of 2D materials. Herein, we describe how the pristine properties of suspended 2D materials can be precisely extracted from Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectra with great signal enhancements by taking advantage of both air gap suspension and nanocavity enhancement effects. The modes of the Raman emission lines were enhanced to almost the same degree when the 2D materials were positioned over the nanocavity: the 2D/G peaks of suspended single-layer graphene (SLG) and the E12g/A1g peaks of MoS2 were significantly enhanced almost equally. Moreover, recording Raman and PL spectra at different positions of the suspended 2D materials was a very powerful tool for observing charge transfer between the pristine 2D materials and the surrounding materials. We also found that the residual holes of the suspended SLG could ...


n chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processing, there is a growing tendency to use liquid precursors instead of gases. The popularity of liquid precursors is based in part on physical properties that render them less harmful, flammable, corrosive, and poisonous than gaseous ones. One of the more common liquids used in fabricating semiconductor devices is tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), which is frequently substituted for silane. With TEOS, conformal SiO2 films with no detectable carbon can be deposited with better step coverage and with far less hazard than silane. In metal-organic CVD (MOCVD) processes, liquid precursors for metals such as copper are often used because gaseous ones are not available. The integrity of deposition systems depends on accurate regulation of the distribution of gas, vapor, or liquid. A vapor is a gas at below the critical temperature. Gas mass flow controllers (MFCs) can easily control the flow of gases. Liquids must first be converted to vapor for the reaction process to occur, but controlling vaporization is a delicate matter. Bubbler delivery systems are commonly used, but their performance is poor. The liquid-precursor delivery system described in this article is based on an injection technique in which the liquid is measured and controlled by a mass flow controller. This system has a faster response time, better stability, and a lower working temperature than conventional bubbler systems (Fig. 1).


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Minerals play an important role in activating the lymphoid cells. Mineral deficiency can cause interference prolifrasi in lymphocytes, particularly the expresion of CD4 Bali cattle are hardly given additional mineral due to cattles are in semiintensive breeding method. Therefore, this study aims to determine the expression of CD4 lymphocytes Bali cattle after consuming of mixed mineral. The samples used were 32 male bali cattles reared in the village of Catur, Kintamani, Bangli regency. Samples were divided into 2 groups, those were: 16 individul of bali cattle was given 7.5 g additional of mixed mineral per individualday, and theother 16 individual as acontrol. The treatmnes were conducted for 3 months. The results showed that administration of 7.5 g mixed mineral per individual/day did not show differences in the expression of CD4 lymphocyte of bali cattle.


Much of the field of educational change has focused on better understanding the theory of change, that is, what knowledge is needed to make substantial educational change, particularly improvement to learning outcomes at scale. This article suggests that the South African early grade reading study community may have been looking in the wrong place. The search for the optimal theory of change or theory of action is obviously very important, but could it not be that a key part of the problem is defects in our theory of education? It is argued that there may be something educationally unsound in certain aspects of the official pedagogy and curriculum. As such, the South African education system is unlikely to make much progress towards the goal of getting children to read for meaning by the time they are 10 years old if these defects are not addressed. To illustrate this argument, the article points to data from two examples in South African education policies on pedagogy and curriculum: the first relates to the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) Foundation Phase document's under-specification and weak guidance with reference to the teaching of phonics with linked decodable texts; the second concerns the CAPS document's privileging of an unworkable reading teaching methodology called Group Guided Reading. The article concludes that to achieve real knowledge breakthroughs, university academics working alongside researchers in government need to develop rigorous research programmes aimed at improving foundational learning outcomes.


The purpose of this study is to visualize the physical quantities of each vortex in the Taylor vortex flow appeared between two concentric rotating cylinders. The physical quantity of vortices is converted to color gradation. Then, it is colored on 3-Dimensional visualization of tracks of the centers of vortices. We can understand relation between the flow structure and the physical quantities of each vortex in the Taylor vortex flow.


lar repairs are then made using #10-0 or #11-0 nylon sutures under 16 to 25 powers of magnification. Vein grafts are used to bridge vascular defects resulting from crush or avulsion injuries. At the same time, nerve repairs, bone stabilization and tendon repairs are carried out. Postoperative care includes the use of intravenous dextran, occasional heparinization and orally given aspirin. This technique has also been applied to replantation of avulsed scalps, and to transplantation of digits, such as thumb reconstruction by free transfer of a great toe. Microvascular surgical procedures may benefit those patients with congenital or acquired deformities in whom more classical reconstructive procedures are not applicable or have failed. Full thickness flaps of tissue based on known arterial supply have been successfully transferred by microanastomoses of small arteries and veins. The free groin flap is used commonly in this type of reconstruction and has been employed in the reconstruction of upper and lower extremity soft tissue defects, in repair of facial defects and in breast reconstruction following mastectomy. The groin flap is based upon the superficial circumflex iliac artery. Its course may be preoperatively mapped with a Doppler probe. If suitable recipient vessels can be isolated at the site of proposed reconstruction, the flap can be transferred and anastomoses carried out under magnification.


In the light of the metacognitive strategy questionnaire administrated to three universities in Xi'an,the analysis shows that:(1)Planning in MSU is not well organized;(2)Learning strategies have been reinforced in Chinese FL teaching and learning since the advocating of teaching reformation a decade ago;(3)Ability to write is superior to speaking ability,which is identical with the assertion made by many Chinese researchers and practitioners.


We trace the paths of sun rays through hexagonal ice crystals by a hit-and-miss Monte Carlo algorithm, interpreting the Fresnel equations as reflection and transmission probabilities. In this way, we calculate the intensity of the scattered sunlight for a specified distribution of crystals. In particular, we obtain the relative intensities of all arcs and spots produced by the crystals. The distribution function for the tilting and rotation angles of oriented crystals corresponds to a superposition of damped oscillations. We use the method to analyze the relative intensities of the 22° and 46° halos and to simulate a complex ice-crystal display produced by oriented columnlike, oriented platelike, and unoriented cubelike crystals.


Ai this paper, the reasons for the continuity of the traditional masonry methods are "mialysed as well as the characteristics of the preservation of the historical heritage huilt with volcanic tuff in Arequipa (city located in South America, SW of Perú). This íiudy analyses the sustainability and authenticity of the monumental restoration in wbich an antiseismic rehabilitation of masonry and vaulted suríaces has taken place. 12TH INTERNATIONAL BRICK/BLOCK M a s o n r y C O N F E R E N C E


NASA requires that metals and alloys for aerospace applications pass all relevant tests as specified in the NASA Handbook 8060.1C. Test 17, upward flammability of materials in gaseous oxygen (GOX), is used to evaluate the flammability of metallic materials in a standard cylindrical configuration. The White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) conducts Test 17 on these metallic materials and a discussion of the experimental setup, testing procedures, typical results, and pass/fail criteria used is presented. A unique test system was designed and fabricated to compare results between normal gravity and microgravity testing as a function of configuration, velocity of the melting surface, and oxygen pressure. Two additional tests used by WSTF to determine metallic materials resistance to ignition (recommended secondary tests in 8060.1C) are also discussed; the frictional heating test and the particle impact test.


Abstract In order to determine the convective heat transfer coefficient of liquid nitrogen during cryogenic cooling, this paper uses a combination of temperature simulation and cryogenic cooling experiments to study the cooling rate and the liquid-gas scale affected by the four jet parameters for cooling the Ti-5553 and cemented carbide WC-Co plates in cryogenic liquid nitrogen cooling, then establishes a prediction model of convective heat transfer coefficient and verifies the accuracy of the convective heat transfer coefficient model by cutting temperature simulation and cutting experiments. The results of experimental research show that the larger the nozzle diameter, the larger the spray pressure, the smaller the spray angle, the smaller the spray distance, and the greater the cooling rate of the sheet surface. The order of the influence of the jet parameters on the convection coefficient is spray diameter Φ, injection pressure P, jet angle A, and standoff distance D.


The utility model discloses a high-efficient dirty-blocking and guiding device for the automatic lifting water channel, comprising a guide post, a wire rope, a floating barrel, a lifting guide assembly, a dirt blocking net, wherein the guide post is respectively perpendicularly fixed on a dam or a base, the wire rope is fixedly connected with the dirt blocking net, fixed floating barrels are uniformly distributed along the wire rope on the upper end of the dirt blocking net, the guide post and the lifting guide assembly are connected by sliding fit, and the two ends of the wire rope are respectively fixedly connected on the lifting guide assembly. The device of the utility model is in an H shape, the guide post is fitted to the lifting guide assembly, which implements free and stable lifting, makes sure the dirt blocking net always in an optimum dirt blocking position following the change of the water level, enhances the dirt blocking efficiency, and is in favor of the guide discharge of the dirt, and has the advantages of simple structure, low production cost, long maintenance-free time, no need of personal watch.


Relaxation of the thermal residual strain in Nb3Sn wires is realized through cycles of multiple torsion loadings ('pre-torsion') at room temperature. As a consequence, the critical current, Ic, is enhanced. This effect is stronger than previously reported mechanical treatments of multiple bending ('pre-bending'). The maximum Ic is attained for complex mechanical treatments of pre-torsion and pre-bending. Complex treatments allow efficient and relatively independent control of residual strain relaxation over all three directions of the wire, resulting in enhancement of Ic towards the theoretical limit of the material. Our findings have an immediate positive impact on the performance of Nb3Sn wires and, hence, on their applications (e.g. react-and-wind coils).


The global as well as Indian agriculture has witnessed tremendous growth in food production in the recent decades to meet the growing population, however it is also facing challenges such as climate change and malnutrition. Millets provide a great opportunity due to their climate resilient hardy nature and can be chosen to replace the conventional crops in the dry and marginal areas. In addition, millets are also rich in several vital micronutrients and vitamins necessary for reducing malnutrition and provide multiple health benefits. The National Genebank at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi and Millets Genebank at ICAR-IIMR, Hyderabad conserves approximately one lakh accessions of millets germplasm which can be of great use in identification and development of improved millets cultivars. This article enlists the different aspects of importance of millets in reducing the risk of climate change and malnutrition, SWOT analysis for utilization of millets germplasm resources, future prospects and action points for greater and efficient use of millet germplasm in India.


An improved technique is described for the determination of steam-volatile fatty acids in rumen liquor by gas-liquid chromatography. Particular attention has been paid to the preparation of chromatographic columns. The chief advantage of the improved technique is that titration curves display a complete lack of tailing.


The Z-dependence of the oscillator strengths for the intercombination transition (2s^2)^1 S0 → (2s2p)^3 P1 and the resonance transition (2s^2)^1S0 → (2s2p)^1 P1 along the Be-isoelectronic sequence is studied by analyzing the excitation energies and line strengths from the configuration interaction calculations with a relativistic hydrogenic basis. Eigen equations for the two-configuration final states and three-configuration initial state are solved both numerically and analytically, and the analytic expressions are further expanded in power series of the relativistic parameter (Zα)^2. While approximating the exact numerical results well, these analytic formulas provide the Z-dependence description of the oscillator strengths along the Be-isoelectronic sequence. To provide an overall agreement with experiment and with other theories, however, a screened relativistic hydrogenic basis must be used.


in another patient successfully later on. Although the attempt of percutaneous drainage treatment of splenic cyst hydatidosis in 2 other patients failed in our study [2] , a recent study from Turkey stated that percutaneous treatment modality could be applied with a very high success rate [3] . We think that, although splenectomy usually remains the treatment of choice for most of the surgeons, partial cystectomy and omentopexy should be performed whenever possible as a safe method that do not interfere with splenic functions. Percutaneous treatment of hydatid cyst of spleen needs to be evaluated further. Dear Editor, We have read the original article 'Primary Splenic Hydatidosis' by Durgun et al. [1] with interest. The authors evaluated 14 patients with isolated splenic hydatid cyst. All their patients underwent elective splenectomy with a 28.5% complication rate and without any recurrence. They suggested splenectomy as an ideal procedure for the treatment of splenic hydatidosis. In our series of splenic hydatidosis of the same patient size [2] , we had performed spleen-preserving surgery, namely partial cystectomy and omentopexy in 2 patients with good long-term results. We also performed partial cystectomy and omentopexy Published online: August 31, 2005


Co-ordinate transformation and conformal mapping methods have been applied to study the problem of radiation from a biconical antenna with elliptical cross-section. The infinite elliptical cone geometry can be transformed into the two-dimensional plane under the assumption of pure TEM spherical waves. Closed-form solutions for the characteristic parameters are presented.


In order to solve the problem of parking standardization of sharing bike, this paper establishes an evolutionary game model for government and enterprises based on the current parking standardization of sharing bike, analyzes the stability of both parties, and reveals the effect of its stability. The research shows the following results: the government performance evaluation coefficient will not affect the behaviors of both parties; raising the standard of government regulation and strengthening government regulation will promote the strict enterprise management; it is conducive to strict government supervision by raising the standard of government regulation and intensifying punishment. The government should appropriately increase the punishment for non-strict governance of the enterprise and reduce its own supervision cost, so as to prevent the government and enterprise from falling into an infinite loop in policy selection. Keywords—Sharing bike; Parking standardization; Evolutionary game; The government supervision; Enterprise management; Government supervision


Many effective methods have been proposed to solve the problem of image compression. Fractal image code can compress an image in a higher compress ratio level, the fundamental idea of fractal image compression is based on the iteration function system (IFS). In this paper, we proposed a novel method based on IFS with probabilities can be used in image compression and image retrieval, we obtain enlightenment from fractal no search methods, our method also no need to carried out searching stage when compress the image, so the consuming time with image compression is less than traditional methods. We utilized the image code as index file, and apply our method in image retrieval, experiment results indicate that our method is effective in image retrieval.


In September 1987, the US Department of Energy Richland Operations Office (DOE-RL) began discussing the need for a federal facility agreement with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The DOE-RL and EPA agreed that it would be beneficial to integrate the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) requirements into the federal facility agreement to minimize conflicts between the two regulators and between the state and EPA. With this in mind, the State of Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) was included in negotiations. The resulting agreement, signed by the three parties on May 15, 1989, has been dubbed the Tri-Party Agreement. Despite predictable differences between the individual agency desires, the overall goal of each of the agencies was to set a process and schedule that would drive the Hanford site to achieve compliance with RCRA and to begin the long process of environmental remediation. Since the end goal was essentially the same, differences which arose during the course of the negotiations were resolved without mediation, and lessons learned are noted in this paper.


Within the past few weeks I have received from the Rev. J. H. Keen a number of fresh specimens of larvæ and pupæ of Ægialites Californicus, Mots., or as it has been called for years, Æ. debilis, Mann. These had been taken by Mr. Keen somewhere in the vicinity of his home at Metlakatla, B.C., and were especially welcome to me sice they gave an opportunity for the study of the early stages of a beetle whose position has always been considered problematical.


This chapter investigates the resistance by institutional actors in ambiguous supply chain environments for online grocery provision. Recent studies have shown that significant shifts in urban geographies are increasing consumers' expectations of online retail provision. However, at the same time there is also growing evidence that the collaborative practice in online grocery provision within the urban supply chains is resisted. That these trends are found despite growing demand of online provision highlights both the difficulty of bringing geographically dispersed supply partners together and the problems associated with operating within and across ambiguous environments. Drawing upon twenty-nine in-depth interviews with a range of institutional actors, including retail, logistics, and urban planning experts within an urban metropolis in an emerging market, we detail the different ways that collaboration is resisted in online retail provision. Several different patterns of resistance were identified in (non-) collaboration notably, ideological, functional, regulatory and spatial.


Weed (1922, 1930) tentatively named two new species of frogs from Minnesota. The unspotted type, first described by Dickerson (1906), was called Rana burnsi (Fig. 1); the other type, previously undescribed, was named Rana kandiyohi (Fig. 2). Moore (1942) showed that burnsi is due to a single dominant gene in the leopard frog, Rana pipiens (Fig. 3), and Volpe (1955) that kandiyohi is due to another dominant gene at a different, probably unlinked locus (Volpe, 1956; Anderson and Volpe, 1958; Volpe, 1960; Merrell, unpublished). Thus, the genetics of these two types turned out to be quite simple and showed that they are not species, or even subspecies (Wright and Wright, 1949). Previous information about the distribution of burnsi and kandiyohi is summarized in Fig. 4. The area involved is roughly 100,000 square miles, larger than either New England or Great Britain. Breckenridge has given the most detailed account hitherto available on the distribution of burnsi and kandiyohi. However, his map is based on less than 300 frogs, all from Minnesota. Only six frequencies of burnsi were obtained, all from the Minneapolis area, and the only frequency for kandiyohi came from a fisherman's frog box. Hence, the available data are very limited. However, it was clear that these types were too common to be regarded as aberrant freaks arising from rare chance mutations. Rather they appeared to represent a case of polymorphism, presumably adaptive, in the leopard frog. The present paper presents data from the collection of some 16,000


On the afternoon of March 9, 2005,the Nationa Remote Sensing Center ofChina (NRSCC), subsidiary of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MOST) signed an agreement on Galileo Project with China Galileo Industries Ltd.


Among the many fungi causing decay of dead timber in western North America are a number of species of Poria that, in pure culture, give negative or weak oxidase reactions. Most of these are associated with brown cubical rots, but a few are associated with white rots. This paper gives descriptive data on cultures, basidiocarps, associated rots, substrata, and distributions of 14 species. The species described here occur in the area including the states of Alaska, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, and California, the provinces of British Columbia and Alberta, and Yukon Territory and the western portion of the Northwest Territories. In North America Poria albobrunnea (Rom.) Baxter is limited to this area, although it also occurs in northern Europe. The other species are more widely distributed. Distribution and substrata records for the basidiocarps include only those for the western areas noted above. With some exceptions taxonomic studies of wood-rotting Hymenomycetes have traditionally been based entirely on the morphology of the basidiocarps. Similarly, cultural studies have frequently been carried out without accompanying data on basidiocarp morphology. In future efforts to elucidate the phylogeny of the Hymenomycetes, it is likely that both cultural and basidiocarp characteristics will play important and complementary roles. Cultural studies should be based on isolates obtained from basidiocarps that have been reliably identified and preserved for future reference. On the other hand, species similar in basidiocarp morphology may be differentiated in culture by differences in vegetative growth of dicaryotic isolates or by interfertility tests carried out with monosporous isolates. Recent work by Nobles (20) has


The volume of traffic in one day is referred to as the average daily traffic volume. The Average Daily Traffic System (LHR) is also used to detect road damage caused by excessive vehicle loads. In the LHR system, vehicle data is still collected manually, with humans calculating the type and number of vehicles based on observations made and then divided into a time span. As a result, a system with a camera and deep learning data processing is required to automatically calculate the type and number of vehicles. The goal of this research is to develop edge computing systems  by improving the system's performance in the calculation and classification of vehicles using the SSD MobileNet V2 model. The results of the MobileNet model scenario 5 have the lowest loss value of the five scenarios. The MobileNet  V2 model can better classify vehicle types with a 65 FPS inference process.


A 2-week-old African American girl is brought to the Emergency Department because of a worsening rash. The rash had been present since birth and was now more ''bumpy and spreading.'' The baby was eating well with normal urine and stool output. There was no history of fever or fussiness. Birth weight was 2.3 kg and perinatal history was uneventful. On examination, the infant's temperature was 99.3 F, pulse 150 per min and respiratory rate 40 per min with no acute distress.Weight was 2.7 kg. She did not appear toxic. Neonatal re£exes and activity were normal. There were no coarse facial features or organomegaly. Her scalpwas covered with several honey-crusted, oozing pustules, especially over the occipital area. Her skinwas peeling extensively, revealing hypopigmented skin on all four extremities and trunk but sparing the face, palms, and soles.The denuded skin followed a swirling pattern on the trunk. There were numerous erythematous nodules in the antecubital and popliteal fossae and inguinal folds, some verrucous in nature. None of the lesions appeared painful. Laboratory analysis revealed white blood cell count (WBC) of 19:4 103= mm3, with 39% neutrophils,10% band forms, 32% lymphocytes,11%monocytes, and 8% eosinophils. The hemoglobin was 14.9 g=dL and platelet count 941 103=mm3. Due to the bandemia and rash of unknown origin in this neonate, bacteremia and sepsis were considered. Blood culture, skin culture for bacteria and viruses, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the skin were sent. The infant was admitted to the hospital for observation and possible antibiotic therapy. The di¡erential diagnoses for vesiculobullous and verrucous lesions in a 2-week-old female were considered. These included bacterial and viral infections as staphylococcal scalded skin, herpes simplex, bullous impetigo, varicella, candidiasis, syphillis, and other intrauterine=perinatally acquired infections; atopic dermatitis with superinfection, acrodermatitis enteropathica, erythema multiforme;


The invention relates to the field of amino acid fermentation and particularly discloses a preparation method of feed with low content of L-threonine. The preparation method comprises the steps of micro-filtering L-threonine fermentation liquid to obtain trapped liquid and filtration liquid, separating after concentration and crystallization on the filtration liquid so as to obtain mother liquid, mixing the trapped liquid with the mother iquid according to the volume ratio of 4:(2-3), concentrating the mixed liquid to 1/3-1/2 original volume so as to obtain a concentrated solution, adding corn protein accounting for 5-10% total weight of the concentrated solution, corn fiber accounting for 5-10% total weight of the concentrated solution and light calcium accounting for 1-3% total weight of the concentrated solution, and drying after mixing the mixed liquid to be uniform, thus obtaining the feed. The preparation method takes the trapped liquid and the mother liquid produced in the preparation technology of the feed with high content of L-threonine as materials and feed additives for adjuvant to prepare high-quality feed with low content of L-threonine, thereby solving the problem of environment pollution caused by the trapped liquid and the mother liquid and realizing zero emission of waste liquid.


MU: A Domain-Independent Case-Based Expert System Mitchell Jay Sklar 1988 A medical expert system is a computer program designed to function in the role of a medical consultant. In many such systems described in the literature, the knowledge base of the program is stored in the form of production rules or frames. While these approaches have their advantages, there exist alternative cognitive models as well. We describe MU, an expert system built around a case-based reasoning model. MU's knowledge base is composed of recollections of particular patients or groups of patients, stored flexibly in a format that allows virtually any type of description the user desires. This flexible storage, together with the separation of the database from the mechanics of the inference engine, provides MU with domain independence. MU is also less goal-directed than traditional medical expert systems, relying instead on associational reasoning to produce a varied output of recollections, weighted judgements, conclusions, commentary, and guesses, in a process we term musing. Preliminary tests of MU with psychiatric and mammographic cases produced good results, but final evaluation of the system awaits comprehensive trials with larger databases.


With the development of national economy and the progress of science and technology, the process of urbanization is advancing faster and faster. The construction of sponge city has gradually become a very important part of urbanization. Paying attention to the construction of sponge city can not only effectively solve the problem of diseases caused by rainwater in the city, but also make more efficient use of water resources and adjust the whole Therefore, in the process of urbanization, paying attention to the planning and construction of sponge city plays a very important role in the whole landscape planning.


In this paper we present a sign recognition for automated machines (such as robots and vehicles). This system is also suitable for assisting navigators. This new method uses a database of binary barcodes for sign recognition. Binary barcodes are generated from images of signs using a pulse coded neural network (PCNN). Matching the barcode of an image with the barcodes in the database leads to automatical identification of the unknown detected sign. The method is fast, reliable and easy to implement compared to the known sign recognition methods.


Abbas Ali is an Associate Professor in the Department of Management at Fort Hays State University, Kansas, USA. He would like to thank Professors Frederick Webster and Raymond Tyner for their comments on the early version of this article. CDU: 35.072.1(567) Zif (1983), Schriesheim et al. (1979) and Vernon (1979) argue that research on managerial behaviour and beliefs in public enterprises has lagged behind private sector research far too long and the ability


With the development of information technology, the capability and application fields of robots become wider. In order to complete a complex task, the cooperation and coordination of robots are needed to be adopted. As the main problem of the multi-robot systems, multi-robot task allocation (MRTA) reflects the organization form and operation mechanism of the robots system. The cooperation and allocation for large-scale multi-robot system in loosely environment is the hot issue. As a popular bionic intelligence method, ant colony algorithm is powerful for solving MRTA. By analyzing the existing algorithms, this paper proposed a new solution for MRTA based on ant colony algorithm, built up the model of the algorithm and described the robots coalition, high-level task allocation process in details. Finally, we realized the simulation of ant colony algorithm based on MATLAB, and then compared the robustness and the best incomes of the four algorithms. The simulation results show that, ant colony algorithm is a high degree of ability and stability for solving MRTA.


3C-SiC layers of different microstructures (monocrystalline (100) and (111) oriented and polycrystalline) were implanted with high energy (800 keV) 129Xe++ ions. Implantations were performed at room temperature (RT) and at 500 °C using two different fluences of Φ1 = 1x1016 and Φ2 = 1x1017 at/cm2. Surface blistering was only observed for RT and Φ2 implantations into poly-SiC material while mono-SiC kept rather smooth surface. This was due to more homogeneous Xe bubbles distribution (200 nm deep) in the mono-SiC than in the poly-SiC. Xe retention was found to be almost complete for all samples. Some Xe enhanced diffusion was detected in the poly-SiC material which was attributed to grain boundaries. Some irradiation-induced oxidation effect was evidenced, O element being located at the depth where Xe bubbles are accumulating. This was more pronounced for poly than for mono-SiC. These results demonstrate that SiC microstructure affects many aspects of its behavior upon Xe irradiation.


When a beer company replaces its returnable packaging materials, for exam-ple when updating the design of a bottle, it needs to know in advance how much new material will be needed. Dutch beer brewer Heineken submitted the question of estimating the returnable packaging materials to the 2013 Studygroup Mathe-matics with Industry. In this report, we present both stochastic flow models and a queueing model to estimate the amount of returnable packaging material present in the market. Furthermore, we give recommendations on what data to collect, and how to sample this data in an unbiased way in order to increase accuracy of the estimation. Keywords: Modelling, Markov Chain, Stochastic Differential Equation, Queue-ing Theory


The "Bologna Process", started in 1998/99 with the Sorbonne and Bologna Declarations and now involving 40 countries, aims at establishing by 2010 the "European Higher Education Area", based on "a system of easily readable and comparable degrees". The actual implementation of this process and its relevance for the European labour market requires a convergence also of the accreditation procedures of educational programmes, that are still very different from a European country to the other. After defining the term "accreditation" in the context of the formation of engineers, this paper will discuss the present situation of accreditation of engineering educational programmes in Europe, and present some examples. The contribution of the Thematic Network E4 will be illustrated, and the most recent developments, aiming at a European-wide accreditation system, will be introduced.


Abstract A process to access heteroaromatic primary amines from the corresponding heteroaromatic ketones has been developed. A broad range of previously reported methods to convert ketones to primary amines was examined on heterocyclic ketones without success, including Leuckart–Wallach conditions, borane reductions, and transition-metal-catalyzed hydrogenations. Unique among the catalysts examined, Raney cobalt produced the desired primary heterocyclic amine. Raney cobalt hydrogenation of structurally varied heterocyclic ketoximes was demonstrated to form primary amines in good selectivity under mild conditions, and the products are easily isolated in high yield. Additionally, this is the first report of a systematic evaluation of the capabilities of Raney cobalt as an oxime hydrogenation catalyst.


The waste of food was emphasized in some of the goals of the Objectives of Sustainable Development (OSD), where fi ve of the 17 objectives are related to food and one explicit goal to reduce the waste of food by half, reducing the loss of our production systems and supply until 2030 (FAO, 2017). Because of its relevance, the principal objective of the study is to analyze strategies of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the hospital context. As it is a fundamental element of the resources of an organization, to identify the origin, the motivation and the practices against food waste in healthcare entities. The work highlights three large hospitals that were analysed via semi-structured interviews, non-particpant observation and the analysis of documents. Empirical evidence shows, that the particular context of hospitals is largely driven by government legislation as the largest internal strategic force in programs of hospital waste management. The development of strategies and the generation of resources need governance, engagement of the interested parties, the sharing of information and integrated communication.


Ruthenium compounds play key role in development of new cytostatic agents in cancer therapy. Main features for choosing ruthenium are: a) possibility of existence at least in two oxidation states under physiological conditions (+II, +III), b) variable kinetic inertness with respect to the oxidation state which allows activation by reduction mechanism, c) ability to mimic iron in transport pathways [1-3]. NSAIDs as ligands introduce interesting strategy of cytostatic effect tuning. Complexes of NSAIDs with ruth enium can affect pathways of angiogenesis and production of metastases [4]. Increased cytotoxicity of some compounds can be explained by increased lipophilicity and therefore also with cellular input [4,5]. In order to prepare new ruthenium(II) compounds we chose [Ru 2 ( p -cymene) 2 Cl 4 ] organometallic precursor and NSAIDs as ligands. Figure 1 shows new four-nuclear ruthenium(II) organometallic complex with new single bond between ruthenium(II) and 5-fluorosalicylate carbon. Single crystal diffraction data were collected with four-cycle Stoe StadiVari diffractometer with PILATUS3R 300K hybrid pixel array detector using microfocused X-ray source Xenocs Genix3D Cu HF (CuK α , λ = 1.54186 Å ). The crystal structures were solved by direct method using SHELXS The crystal structures drawn with OLEX2 Supramolecular structures analysed using CrystalExplorer


It has been proposed that patterns found in earliest infant vocal sequences can provide a window on initial steps into vocal communication by ancestral speakers. These early infant patterns have been characterized as affording a view of the vocal system at the most basic level of operation in producing serial sequences (MacNeilage & Davis, 2000). Studies of the pre-linguistic babbling and early word periods have outlined this phonetic substrate for consonants and vowels as well as for inter-and intrasyllabic regularities (e.g. Davis & MacNeilage, 1995; Davis et al. 2002). Results indicate the strong presence of labial and nasal stop consonants and glides and vowel qualities in the lower left quadrant of the vowel space. Intrasyllabic regularities include labials with central vowels, coronals with front vowels and dorsals with back vowels in English and across languages, consistent with little independent movement within syllables. Intersyllabic patterns include co-existence of reduplication and variegation across syllables. In variegated syllables, a predominance of height over front-back variation for vowels and manner over place variation for consonants is found. These interand intrasyllabic serial patterns are predicted based on the FrameContent Hypothesis (MacNeilage & Davis, 1990) where the jaw is seen as the principle articulator responsible for rhythmic alternations between consonants and vowels with little independent movement of other active articulators within sequences. Fewer studies have examined how this widely described set of phonetic patterns is manifest in emergence of accuracy at the onset of word use. Patterns of accuracy and errors are manifest in infants' first excursion into matching of their vocal production system capacities with meaning in the early word period. Analysis of these early accuracy and error patterns can also afford a preliminary look at how ancestral speakers may have began the diversification process from initial vocal communicative capacities into a message transmission system eventually constrained by the need to achieve optimal trade-offs between speed of transmission and perceptual distinctiveness. Not all aspects of ontogeny and phylogeny are consistent in this ontogeny-phylogeny comparison. Child learners have external models and acquire their language in a rich communicative environment. In contrast, early speakers may not have been afforded such models. However, pressure on the production system to attach to and begin to elaborate more diverse meanings is in common in the two groups. This consistency suggests that there can be a value to understanding the emergence of forms to support lexical diversification in child speakers for considerations of emergence of forms to support message diversification in early speakers. Accuracy and error patterns for in the single word lexicon period will be described using data from 18 English learning infants. Data analyzed were collected as a part of a longitudinal study tracking typical speech development from the onset of canonical babbling through age three in English-learning infants. In the larger study, one-hour sessions were audiotaped in each child's home twice monthly. No structure was imposed on the normal household routine so that samples were based on spontaneous interactions. Data were analyzed from the onset of single word use until emergence of two word utterances. Age of onset for words varied between 11.5 and 14 months and extended to 14-24 months across the infants studied. Based on previous studies of the larger corpus, phonetic data for these infants during the prelinguistic babbling period was available. This baseline of information for the same children during an earlier period of development affords an understanding of how they employ available pre-linguistic production patterns for new functions at the onset of word use. Accuracy and error profiles for segments, word shapes, intrasyllabic consonant vowel associations, and intersyllabic consonant-consonant and vowel-vowel relations were analyzed Results indicate that patterns of highest accuracy in early word use in these children are strongly motivated by behaviors already available within their production system capacities from the pre-linguistic babbling period, rather than being driven by patterns found in the targets they are attempting. This type of result supports the assertion that early accuracy patterns reflect use of available capacities for new functions, consistent with the Neo-darwinian principal that evolutionary change is founded on extension of existing capacities into new broader functions. Issues related to ontogenetic-phylogenic comparison will be raised based on these results for acquisition. References Davis, B.L. & MacNeilage, P.F. (1995). The articulatory basis of babbling. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research,38, 1199-1211. Davis, B. L., MacNeilage P.F. & Matyear, C. (2002). Acquisition of serial complexity in speech production: A Comparison of Phonetic and Phonological Approaches to First Word Production. Phonetica, 59, 75-107. MacNeilage, P.F. & Davis B.L. (1990). Acquisition of speech production: Frames, then content. In Jeannerod, M. (ed.) Attention and Performance XIII; Motor Representation and Control, Hillsdale, N.J.: LEA, 452-468. MacNeilage, P.F. & Davis, B.L. (2000). Origin of the Internal Structure of Words. Science. 288, 527-531.


This paper aims to propose an interpretation of femininity in American science fiction. Following a chronological layout, I endeavour to generate a timeline of model works which are considered essential for the development of the genre. Initially I develop my own definition of science fiction and signify its place in the literary history. Moreover, I point out the most significant works which put the issue of femininity in question. It is inevitable to compare male and female writers' approach on this topic; therefore, I will provide a short observation on whether the writer's gender influences the work's tone. By referring to feminist literary theory, first I will try to define the traditional notion of femininity and will try to diverge from it. Postmodernist and poststructuralist thoughts are used as a theoretical basis in order to carry out a literary analysis of the other, the alien, and the cyborg in science fiction works and their resemblance to women's position in a patriarchal world. Finally, I attempt to predict the development of this topic in


This paper investigates the correlates of union success in NLRB certification and decertification elections. The analysis includes a wide variety of bargaining unit, union, industry, and geographic attributes, many of which have not been considered in previous studies. Variables having a statistically significant relation with voting incertification elections are the size of the unit, employer consent to the definition of the bargaining unit, the length of campaigns, union organizing effort, union dues, union wages, non-union wage variance, the industry unemployment rate and percentage of black workers and the concentration of jobs among a few employers in a geographic area. The same specification was estimated for decertification elections. Variables having a statistically significant association with voting are unitsize, length of campaign, and the non-union wage variance. Examination of the magnitude of the estimated coefficient ssuggests that,only unit size and union organizing effort might affect outcomes in more than a small percent of all certification elections. Estimated correlations for voting in decertification elections are not accurate enough to allow such ajudgment. Finally, comparison of the regression results for certifications and decertifications shows that the process determining how workers vote is very different in the two types of elections.


The critical current I c , for the breakdown of the quantum Hall effect is found to scale logarithmically with the channel width for all Landau levels. We interpret this experimental result as a manifestation of a logarithmic distribution of the Hall potential across the channel. A new perspective on the breakdown mechanism is obtained. Inter-Landau-level transitions, previously thought to predict values of I c much too high, are shown to be in quantitative agreement with experiments interpreted in this manner


In a double-blind study, the amplitude of the contingent negative variation (CNV) was assessed in 12 normal men given placebo and quantified "social" doses of 1-δ 9 -transtetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and alcohol (ethyl alcohol). Using subjects as their own controls, it was found that THC selectively enhanced the amplitude as compared to placebo while alcohol depressed it.


This paper examines the lexicographic treatment of Serbian pronominal words
 (pronouns, pronominal adverbs and pronominal particles) in general, with a
 particular focus on the treatment of demonstrative pronouns for quantity
 ovoliki [?this big/ much/many?], toliki [?so big/much/many?] and onoliki
 [?that big/much/many?]. It is shown that, contrary to commonly held views,
 pronominal words can be semantically complex, and that their tripartite
 subsystems, characteristic of the Serbian language, could be appropriately
 treated as series entries (in the sense of the term as used by S. Landau).
 It is also shown that particular difficulties in defining the pronouns
 ovoliki, toliki, onoliki arise from their semantic ?multidimensionality?,
 i.e., the capability of semantic diversification on the basis of more than
 one of their semantic components. The pertinent components are the
 following: (1) the notion of quantity, which comprises various cases,
 depending on the nature of the concept whose quantity is pointed to; (2) the
 kind of space in which the quantity is pointed to - which may be the
 physical space or some of the metaphorical spaces. In addition, (3) the
 component of comparison (in the case of the pronouns ovoliki and onoliki) or
 pointing (in the case of the pronouns toliki and onoliki) can bleach. Upon
 close examination of the treatment of the pronouns ovoliki and onoliki in
 the Dictionary of Serbo-Croatian Literary and Vernacular Language, the paper
 proposes alternative definitions, based on the semantic analysis of the
 demonstrative pronouns under examination, taking into account all dimensions
 of semantic diversification.


IN view of the fact that Pennsylvania is said to have contributed "much the largest part of our national law-making devices" it seems strange that the legislative procedure of Pennsylvania's colonial Assembly has not been systematically investigated long before this. For it is certainly worthy of note that the Congress of the United States sat in Philadelphia during its formative years; was presided over by a former Speaker of the Pennsylvania Assembly; and had at hand, in printed form for easy reference, the journals which record the procedure customarily employed by the Pennsylvania Assembly in carrying on its legislative business.


A technique for realising nonlinear functions of order ≥5 using cascaded third-order nonlinear functions is described. The technique can be used to efficiently generate higher-order nonlinearities for predistortion linearisation applications. The use of two cascaded third-order functions is experimentally demonstrated to be comparable to a fifth-order implementation in performance.


We report the design and implementation of a unique, wafer sized stretchable and bendable monolithic silicon matrix structure. The achieved stretchability not only allows for one directional folding, but is capable of bending in two directions simultaneously, which is required to conform the structure to complex shapes such as spheres, tori, hyperboloids or a combination of them. Moreover, it also enables dynamic mechanical deformation of the structure to cope with a moving environment, e.g. the wall of the heart muscle. The minimal measured bending radius is 8 mm, which is 20% smaller than the current state of art. Furthermore, a new fabrication process is proposed that enables the use of common wafers. This enables a broader and more accessible applicability compared to earlier work, which is based on non-standard wafers, or the more expensive SOI wafers. The technique can lead to a revolutionary potential of applications, especially in the medical field, by enabling complex silicon monitoring systems to be linked to organs without hindering them.


This paper investigated the modern imaged of libraries with qualitative content analysis. In addition to the figure data being obtained from the content analysis for use in the background discussion and interpreted with Symbolic Interactionism approach. Two types of research results including descriptive and interpretative were obtained. Descriptive results indicated that 60.1% of library news of the Central News Agency was collected under the general culture and education category; 90% of library news was "secondary news"; 71.88% of library news focused on local libraries; and 37.32% of reported libraries were public libraries. In subject of library news, most news reported the extension works of library, which was the external image of libraries. Interpretive results presented that Library Extension Work with unclear focus could not clarify the mission of libraries; the higher media concern of book donation singularized the function of cultural diplomacy; and the actualization of the library functions to mediate the dialog between libraries and media would be the only way to bridge the identification gap between both.


Patients with dysphagia can initially undergo either endoscopic or radiologic evaluation, depending on the clinical history and physician preference. We usually recommend that most patients with dysphagia initially undergo barium esophagography, and in this paper we discuss its role in evaluating dysphagia. A 55-year-old woman presents with an intermittent sensation of food getting stuck in her mid to lower chest. How should her symptoms best be evaluated?


Hypothalamic peptides continue to be a topic of very great interest1 . The difficulties in identifying and isolating all protein hormones and releasing factors from anterior pituary glands are not only due to their minute quantities in tissue but also to bioassay problems. Synthesis and assay of oligopeptide analogues of these biologically important molecules should allow a better molecular interpretation of their physiology. This is especially true for the releasing hormone peptides because they can be expected to guide us even in the design of antagonists of greater interest than the hormone themselves. Looking back, fundamental advances in endocrinology and physiology often became possible after an active peptide had been made available synthetically in large quantity and adequate purity.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of cerebral hemodynamic changes on white matter damage in premature infant with patent ductus arteriosus(PDA).

METHODS
A total of 106 premature infants were enrolled in the study, including 35 PDA infants with hemodynamic changes (hsPDA group), 35 PDA infants without hemodynamic changes (non-hsPDA group) and 36 non-PDA infants (control group). Serum level of neuron-specific enolase (NES) was detected and craniocerebral ultrasound examination was performed on d3, d7 and d14 after birth. The correlation between blood flow rate of PDA and gray scale value of lateral ventricle was analyzed.

RESULTS
Gray scale values of lateral ventricle and serum levels of NES in hsPDA group were higher than those in control group on d3, d7 and d14 (P<0.01), but no significant difference was observed between non-hsPDA group and control group (P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the blood flow rate of PDA and gray scale value of lateral ventricle (r=0.876, P<0.01) in premature infants.

CONCLUSION
Patent ductus arteriosus with hemodynamic changes is closely related to white matter damage in premature infants, and early intervention is necessary.


This paper introduces a path generator for autonomous nonholonomic mobile robots in partially known aisle environments. Reactive Path Shaping (RPS) is designed for autonomous vehicle obstacle avoidance and utilizes information about its environment through ultrasonic sensors. A path is constructed one piece at a time, based upon local environmental information. Each piece is initially considered to be rough and needs to be appropriately "shaped," or smoothed, to meet mobile robot nonholonomic kinematic constraints. Experiments on a simulated vehicle with ultrasonic sensors are briefly discussed.


Based on the samples of listed firms in Shanghai and Shenzhen A share stock markets,which have completed the share split reform by the end of 2005,the paper empirically studies the earnings management in the reform.It is found that reformed firms and non-reformed firms have significant differences in earnings management: companies which implement share split reform perform negative discretional accruals in the quarter before the reform,and positive discretional accruals in the quarter after the reform.Additionally,recent reformed firms perform more obvious earnings management than previous ones;reformed firms in Shanghai stock market perform more obvious earnings management than those in Shenzhen stock market;reformed firms with lower bargaining price perform more obvious earnings management than those with higher bargaining price.


The function,application and the type of self-lifting scaffold with guide seatand are introduced.According to a tall building of construction in nanchang city,the choice of self-lifting scaffold with guide of design,construction technology,constitution,safety precautions,and the revelent recommendations of elf-lifting scaffold with guide seatand are also proposed in this paper.


2 RICHARD T. LIDDICOAT GEMS & GEMOLOGY SPRING 2002 dence. At the time, no such organization existed in the U.S. In the early 1930s, Shipley—working in partnership with his wife Beatrice—stimulated interest among jewelers by traveling across the U.S. to retail stores, where he would preach the benefits of gemological education. In the evenings in his hotel room, Shipley would write courses for jewelers to take through correspondence. He established the beginnings of an educational institute in Los Angeles with a small staff that grew slowly over the next decade as resources allowed. Together, he and his staff created lessons, gave instruction on gemstones and their properties, and began the process of helping jewelers correctly identify the gem materials they handled (Gilbert, 1977). By 1940, Shipley realized the need for additional leadership at GIA. His son, Robert Shipley Jr., who had worked closely with him in recent years, had signed up for military service. Shipley contacted Chester B. Slawson, a mineralogy professor at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor who was By Dona M. Dirlam, James E. Shigley, and Stuart D. Overlin


The need is noted for improved pavement maintenance and rehabilitation systems that can function with incomplete and/or poor quality data. Expert systems can deal with knowledge manipulation, and is divided into a generalized solution strategy component (inference engine) and the knowledge base. Other subsystems usually included in such systems are the knowledge acquisiton subsystem, the explanation subsystem, and the user interface. Expert systems applications in pavement maintenance management are listed and described. The details are described of PAMEX, an expert system for maintenance management of flexible pavements. The system builds on the pavement condition indicators devised by Jugo and the decision tree knowledge formulation which he created. The indicators combined information obtained from ride quality, structural condition, and functional performance surveys. These were then used to develop and refine a sequence of decision trees for evaluating pavement performance, identifying pavement problems and their probable causes, and recommending appropriate corrective measures. Validation and system enhancements are also described.


Abstract Phase transformations in low- to medium-carbon Fe-Mo-C alloys have been widely investigated for decades and fruitful information regarding phase transformation is available. However, hyper-eutectoid Fe-Mo-C alloys were least studied. Metallurgical information regarding high-carbon Fe-Mo-C alloys is rarely available. In this work, high-carbon Fe-xMo-0.90C alloys (x = 0.50, 0.85 and 1.50 wt%) were prepared by sintering powder compacts made from pre-alloyed Fe-Mo admixed with 0.90 wt% graphite. Phase transformations in experimental sintered alloys were studied under two different cooling rates, e.g. 0.1 and 5.4 °C/s. Under the cooling rate, phase transformation products were controlled by molybdenum content. In all slowly cooled sintered alloys, phase transformations involved with eutectoid decomposition. The eutectoid transformation products, simply ferrite and carbide mixtures in the form of upper bainite, were generally observed in all slowly cooled sintered alloys. The nodular bainite and inverse bainite coexisted with upper bainite in slowly cooled sintered alloys with higher molybdenum contents. Under the fast cooling rate, fine pearlite and upper bainite were the common transformation products. In addition, in fast cooled alloys with the higher molybdenum contents, inverse bainite formed as one of the transformation products.


The laser ranging retro-reflector now deployed at Tranquility Base consists of an array assembly housing 100 fused-silica retro-reflectors mounted on a pallet-aiming assembly resting on the lunar surface. The array assembly serves to hold, optically align, and thermally isolate the retro-reflectors to preserve optimum optical performance at all operating temperatures in the expected range from -300 to 250 F.


The invention discloses a simple test-piece fatigue testing machine, which relates to the technical field of material fatigue testing devices and in particular relates to the technical field of testing machines. According to the simple test-piece fatigue testing machine, a lever beam parallel to a base is connected to an upright post; a lower-end sliding rail is arranged on the base; a lower-end slide block is arranged on the lower-end sliding rail; a height adjusting mechanism is arranged above the lower-end slide block; a lower-end clamp is arranged above the height adjusting mechanism; an upper-end sliding rail is arranged on the lower end face of the lever beam; an upper-end slide block is arranged on the upper-end sliding rail; an upper-end clamp is arranged at the lower end of the upper-end slide block; a force transducer is arranged between the upper-end clamp and the upper-end slide block; a test piece is arranged between the upper-end clamp and the lower-end clamp; a reciprocating motion mechanism and a motor, which are connected with each other, are arranged on one side, which is far away from the upright post, of the base; a screw rod is arranged at one end, which is far away from the upright post, of the lever beam; a spring group is arranged between the screw rod and the reciprocating motion mechanism; a high-frequency driver connected with the motor is arranged on the upright post. The simple test-piece fatigue testing machine fulfills the aims of simple structure, low cost and easiness in measurement.


In paragraphs pingxiang xiangdong "12. 20" forest a basic conditions and attackafire, summarizes the yamagata of the reporting system topography, meteorological, attackafire of operational capability of using the correct strategy and tactics, reasonable command of english, science, in the short period of time, with the economic loss to gain the victory for the fire-fighting operations to provide a kind of learning.


THE identification of paint media with any degree of certainty is still a difficult task. The problems involved, the inadequacy of many tests, and the hazards of interpretation of analytical findings have recently been very fully reviewed by de Silva [I] in a way which leaves no opportunity for complacency. The ground having been so adequately surveyed, it would be pointless to go over it again here. It need only be said that with easel pictures there is no reason to suppose that the problems are insoluble if we consider that likely binding media are restricted to drying oils, resins, egg and glue and possible combinations of these. This paper will be concerned only with oils and egg fats [2]. The great majority of paintings produced since the fifteenth century were executed in an oil medium, and when they were painted in oil alone this can usually be established with considerable assurance by means of simple solubility and combustion tests [3]. The fact that the painting is in oil, however, being so general, conveys very little useful information, and some more detailed 'fingerprint' is required to characterize the dried oil in a way dependent upon its type, age and possibly even its origin. As de Silva has pointed out, the presence of glycerol, which has been considered specific for dried oil, can also originate from the fats of egg yolk. The most informnative picture that could be obtained would be a complete specification of the chemical composition of the dried oil or fat, but for several reasons this is not practicable. What is almost as good, however, is the composition in terms of the broken down units, the fatty acids. To make this clear it is necessary to explain briefly the chemical nature of oils and the changes they undergo on drying.


The purpose of this study is to forecast the model for the students' job turnover in Thai industries. The proposed model is based on data mining technique. Then, the best results were used to compare with results of the Multiple Regression Analysis. In addition, the researcher collected data from the students who work in Thai industries. The research result found that the forecasting model with using technique of Bayesian Network indicated key variable that affect the change of job to high accuracy in forecasting from the model that allows key variable that affect to the change of students' working in industries are major, position and salary. KeywordsBayesian, Data Mining, Forecasting Model, Networks


The above mentioned event is a very seldom one and that is why it has a very small base of the demonstrative information and the scientific publications, made by the famous scientists. Even the Holland postimpressionist with the World's name as Vincent von Gogh has created only one masterpiece under the name "The Starry night", where the real elements of Kelvin Helmholtz instability are perceptible on the thinnest human level.


Rough set theory plays an important role in knowledge discovery,and is regarded as a field of leading edge.But it cannot deal with continuous attributes,thus discretization is a problem which we cannot neglect.Consistency must be satisfied for discretization of decision systems in rough set theory.Existing discretization methods cannot well process continuous interval-valued attributes.A new approach is proposed to discretize continuous interval-valued attributes in this paper,which enhances accurate recognition rate in pattern recognition.At last,examples of recognizing the emitter purpose are selected to demonstrate this new method.Experimental results show that the performance of this new method is accurate and effective.So the approach expands the application scope of rough set theory.


The rapidly growing number of learning materials and repositories makes the issue of how to find the most relevant and best quality resources to be integrated in teaching and learning offers. Thus, effective quality assessment tools are more and more needed. In the present paper, a case-study focusing on quality assurance in a Virtual Mobility (VM) international project is presented. VM stands for ICT supported activities, organized at higher institutional level, that makes possible or facilitate international, collaborative experiences in a context of teaching and/or learning. Different approaches were combined to ensure the quality of a specific MOOC and the OERs created to promote VM. Three main macro-indicators were identified for OERs evaluation: 1. Quality, 2. Appropriateness, and 3. Technical aspects. Each project partner was invited to search, select and peer-assess OERs related to the skills necessary to be engaged in VM. First results of the peer-review activity and future directions to ensure OpenVM OERs and MOOC quality are presented.


Sediments in an abandoned river channel on the flood plain of the Nepean River at Penrith record about 38,000 calibrated years (38 k cal. yr BP) of deposition. Sections of sediments of a 860 cm core proved barren of pollen, but sufficient pollen was recovered from three sections aged about (1) 38-36 k cal. yr BP, middle glacial period, (2) 27-16 k cal. yr BP, middle-late glacial period, including the last glacial maximum and (3) 6 k cal. yr BP to present, late Holocene. During the 38-36 k cal. yr BP period, the vegetation was an open sclerophyll forest with Eucalyptus viminalis and Leptospermum polygalifolium prominent. A 'spineless Asteraceae', thought to be Cassinia arcuata was prominent in the understorey. E. viminalis was the most common eucalypt and it is the most cold-tolerant of the suite of possible eucalypts. During the 27-16 k cal. yr BP period, a shrubland of Cassinia arcuata with some grasses was present. The lack of eucalypts during the height of the last glacial period suggests a cold, arid climate and agrees with estimates that the rainfall was about half that of today. In the period 6 k cal. yr BP to present, a Eucalyptus tereticornis and Leptospermum juniperinum woodland with a grassey understorey occupied the site. When compared with other records in the Sydney Basin, the vegetation through the last glacial maximum at Penrith Lakes is the only one with a shrubland/grassland community.


This paper deals with plasmonic Al nanostructures on a stretchable elastomer nanosheet using polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene (SBS) triblock copolymer with a film thickness of 250 nm by a transfer process with a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) sacrificial layer, which provides high elastic strain of 38%. The Al submicron structures were successfully fabricated on the freestanding SBS nanosheet while the problems in fabrication using SBS nanosheet were low chemical resistance at photolithography process and the charging-up induced by electron beam or focused ion beam. The Al subwavelength gratings deployed on the SBS nanosheet demonstrated complementary reflective color filter based on optical low transmission by excitation of surface plasmons.


Though British singer Dusty Springfield had a very prominent and successful career, she is often left out of the history books. Her North American legacy has been reduced to her album Dusty in Memphis, an inaccurate and incomplete representation of Dusty Springfield's career. Many aspects of her career are largely ignored, for scholars put her sexuality, her ability to "sound black," and the influence of black musicians at the forefront of Dusty Springfield scholarship. The purpose of this project is to highlight influential musicians, experiences, and talents which have been left out of Dusty Springfield studies. This thesis focuses on Dusty Springfield's performance experiences, her songwriting abilities, her audience/performer dichotomy, and various people and styles that have influenced her persona. By examining the artists and experiences that influenced her career, this thesis explores the ways in which persona is constructed and how it functions in the pop music industry.


This article reviews the research progress and its existing problems in nosocomial infection, induding the definition, recent research of surveillance methodology and control of nosocomial infection.


In Reply. —In reply to Dr Matz, we concur that the formula given for use in patients with uncontrolled diabetes and diabetic hyperglycemia may result in a more accurate estimate of FWD. We also agree that severe hyperlipidemia can present as pseudohyponatremia if the serum sodium is measured without correcting for the presence of hypertriglyceridemia or chylomicronemia. It is clear, however, that the vast majority of cases of hypernatremic dehydration in the elderly can be diagnosed without difficulty if proper awareness to this potential problem is manifested by the clinician. The comments by Drs Warren and Harris and Ms Phillips correctly point out the important fact that dehydration remains a problem among both institutionalized and community-dwelling elderly. We also agree that community-based awareness programs for educating the public hopefully could help to reduce the number of cases reported in the community setting. Last, we concur that infection is the major


The metalloid elements P, B had an obvious effects on the composition, structure and corrosion of the electroless plated Permalloy. The XRF, XRD and electrochemical experimental results showed that the deposits with various compositions, amorphous or crystalline structures could be obtained by controlling the pH value, NaH2PO2 and KBH4 concentration, and salt ratio FeSO4/ (FeSO4 + NiSO4) . The maximum iron content (38 atom percent) of the coating was obtained at 28g/L NaH2PO4, 0. 5 metallic salt ratio for Ni-Fe-P alloy and 0. 4 g/L KBH4 for Ni-Fe-P-B alloy deposits. The addition of trace KBH4 could improve the corrosion resistance of Ni-Fe-P alloy coating in alkaline solution.


Introduction: Family caregivers are often responsible for providing significant support to relatives who require care at home. However, evidence suggests that family caregivers have limited information, resources or support to prepare them for such a role. Furthermore, family caregiving can be associated with negative physical and psychosocial outcomes. This study examines the short-term impact of psychoeducational interventions on genera health of family caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury. Materials & Methods: In this randomized controlled trial 62 caregivers, who had a primary role, participated in this study; these candidates were randomly categorized into intervention (n=33) and control (n=29) groups. Caregivers of the intervention group took part in the training sections, which were held once a week for four successive weeks (each session lasting 90 minutes), while control group received no training. Both groups completed the general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) before the intervention and 2 and 6 weeks after the intervention. A Chi-square test, independent t-tests, fisher exact test and Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance were used with the SPSS program for data analysis. Results: The results have revealed that all the participants had mental health disorders, in both groups. After the intervention a significant difference was found between the two study groups regarding the mean score of mental health 2 and 6 weeks after the intervention (p= 0.001). Similar results were also obtained regarding the domains of mental health (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results revealed the effectiveness of psycho-educational interventions in improving general health among caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury. Designing continual programs along with consultation is essential and beneficial in promoting general health of family caregivers of spinal cord injury patients.


This article proposes a novel framework for the recognition of six universal facial expressions. The framework is based on three set of features extracted from the face image: entropy, brightness and local binary pattern. First, saliency maps are obtained by state-of-the-art saliency detection algorithm i.e. "frequency-tuned salient region detection". The idea is to use saliency maps to find appropriate weights or values for extracted features (i.e. brightness and entropy). To validate the performance of saliency detection algorithm against human visual system, we have performed a visual experiment. Eye movements of 15 subjects were recorded with an eye-tracker in free viewing conditions as they watch a collection of 54 videos selected from Cohn-Kanade facial expression database. Results of the visual experiment provided the evidence that obtained saliency maps conforms well with human fixations data. Finally, evidence of the proposed framework's performance is exhibited through satisfactory classification results on Cohn-Kanade database, FG-NET FEED database and Dartmouth database of children's faces.


The statistics probability approach for microbial risk assessment (MRA) has been recognized as an efficient method because this probability approach, which can be presented the diversity, variability, and uncertainty for the environmental factors of food processing, provide better realistic results than point estimate. This study was conducted to determine of probability statistics for the environmental factors of the pork-cutting processing i.e. the processing time, the pork meat temperature, and processing room temperature etc. As the input parameters for the MRA, triangular distribution and normal distribution were selected as an efficient probability distribution model, these distributions were analyzed by the simulation. The simulation results showed the processing time estimated 53 min as mean (5% - 22 min and 95% - 98 min), pork meat temperature estimated as mean (5% - and 95% - , 48.78% exceed ), and processing room temperature estimated as mean (5% - and 95% - , 71.178% exceed ).


This paper presents a MIMO channel measurement for indoor environment. The results present the comparison of channel capacity by using beamforming technique in MIMO systems. Also, polarization diversities (vertical and horizontal) are introduced to reduce multipath fading issues. The measurements were conducted at 2.4GHz with Line of Sight (LOS) scenario.


Article explores about the condition and situation of human trafficking survivor. It is social problem all over world which includes exploitation of human trafficking. It describes about life circumstances and insight of society and community as well as it describes about different theoretical perspective, and wellbeing about the negligent of society. Despites are involved along with it. It includes about the condition of victims and their huge challenge during the COVID-19. It gives positive thinking and quality health service opportunity, education social justice, provides productive information and environment will minimize problem. A well being program should be organize for the victims of survivor in our society


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: With the rapid development of regenerative medicine, three-dimensional (3D) organoid model of several organs including kidney have been developed, providing a valuable platform for the study of novel drugs screening and organ transplantation. Currently, most renal organoids are originated from tissue stem cells and human pluripotent stem cells, which inevitably caused problems such as difficult specimen acquisition, intrinsic tumorigenicity properties and medical ethical issues. In this study, we developed a safe and simple organoid culture system originated from human urine-stem cells (USCs) and verified its characterization for the first time. METHODS: The USCs were isolated from urine samples and cultured by renal extracellular matrix (ECM) extraction to form organoids. The optimal protocol was next determined by ATP assay and live/ dead staining. The biological features including proliferation, viability and apoptosis were also evaluated. Furthermore, their morphology is detected by hematoxylin and eosin (H.E.) staining. Moreover, the expression of specific genes of renal cells were assessed via immunofluorescent staining, whole mount immunofluorescence, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. Then, drug toxicity test was conducted. RESULTS: The USCs were obtained from three healthy individuals. The optimized cell concentration of USCs to generate ideal 3D organoids is 5000 cells/well, which is set as standard initial cell concentration. Furthermore, the optimal concentration of porcinederived kidney ECM in culture medium is 10%. Live/dead cell staining showed they were well self-organized and no significant cell death was observed. Moreover, the H.E. staining for organoid morphology showed a compact and tight organoid with no detectable necrosis in the center, and is close to that of renal organoids. In addition, multiple types of renal cells were verified to be alive in compact organoid by detecting the expression of specific renal glomerular markers (Podocin, Synaptopodin and Nephrin), proximal tubule marker (aquaporin-1) and collecting duct marker (aquaporin-4). Nephrotoxicity testing showed that aspirin and penicillin G could exert drug-induced toxicity on USC organoids. CONCLUSIONS: USC organoids are developed from USCs for the first time via a novel optimal procedure. USC organoids properties including biological features, morphology and specific genes expression are identified. USC organoids showed similar characterization as renal organoids. Furthermore, USC organoid might take place of renal organoids from other cells for drug screening and has promising application in kidney transplantation and regenerative medicine.


As a widely concerned research topic, many advanced algorithms have been proposed for hyperspectral unmixing. However, they may fail to accurately identify endmember signatures when coming across insufficient spatial resolution. To deal with this problem, an algorithm based on semisupervised linear sparse regression is proposed, in which unmixing procedure is reduced to seeking an optimal subset from the spectral library to best model mixed pixels in the scene. However, the number of the spectra with nonzero abundance is much more than that of the true endmember signatures. Furthermore, the selection of library spectra as endmember signatures is undesirable due to the divergent imaging conditions. In this paper, a novel projection-based nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) (PNMF) algorithm is proposed by importing spectra library into the NMF framework. The main novelties of this paper are listed as follows. 1) By introducing the spectral library, the extraction of endmember signatures is no longer restricted by spatial resolution. 2) Related spectra are selected and projected onto a subspace containing the endmember signatures. So that the number of endmember signatures is controlled by dimension of the subspace. 3) In PNMF, the endmember signatures are adaptively generated from the spectral library, and are matched with the observed hyperspectral images. This overcomes the difficulty caused by diverse imaging conditions, and makes the proposed algorithm more practical for real applications. The experimental results, conducted on both synthetic and real hyperspectral data, illustrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm when compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms.


MiroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in inflammatory development and the progression of asthma. In this study, we aimed to identify miRNAs that regulate gene expression of CD44, an asthma-related inflammatory factor, by targeting CD44 promoter elements and to analyse the role of miRNAs in asthma. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to predict miRNAs that potentially regulate gene expression of CD44 by binding to the CD44 promoter. The expression of these miRNAs was detected in epithelial cells and plasma in both asthma patients and healthy controls. We then transfected the relevant miRNA mimic/inhibitor into human bronchial epithelial cells; measured the expression of CD44 using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunoblotting (Western blot) and cellular immunofluorescence; and detected asthma-related cytokine (IL-6, IL-8 and ICAM) expression levels by ELISA. We first identified that miR-31 expression was enhanced in the epithelial cells and plasma of asthma patients. In vitro, our data indicated that overexpression of miR-31 induced the expression level of CD44 and enhanced asthma-related cytokines in BEAS-2B cells, while knockdown of endogenous miR-31 decreased CD44 and asthma-related cytokine levels. Further studies demonstrated that miR-31 regulated the progression of asthma by directly binding the promoter region of the CD44 gene and that re-suppression and restoration of CD44 expression reversed the effects of miR-31 on expression of asthma-related cytokines. Taken together, our findings indicate that miR-31 may play a valuable role in the asthma-related inflammatory response and may be a promising interventional therapeutic target for asthma.


This article is generally well written and demonstrates the beneŽ ts of using electrolyzed water for controlling pathogens. However, it also includes a serious systematic error in Tables 2, 3, and 4. The authors have added the logs of the population values without Ž rst taking the antilog to calculate the residual microbial populations. This procedure overstates the residual microbial populations in the control, water, and 200-ppm chlorine cases in all three tables. This improper calculation is responsible for the negative log reductions reported for the controls. The authors compound this error and dramatically overstate the comparative beneŽ ts of using electrolyzed water. The authors report ,1 log CFU/tomato for each of the electrolyzed water samples and assert in the footnote that no colonies were detected. If the authors had used the same, albeit erroneous, calculation strategy, they would have reported a .4.63-log reduction in the Ž rst case in Table 2. Similar results would have been reported for the other Ž ve electrolyzed water cases. One is left to question whether the ,1 values reported re ect a detection limit of 10 CFU/ tomato or the improper reporting of ,1 CFU/tomato, which would be ,0 log CFU/tomato. In either case, achieving this low of a detection limit in 200 ml of rinse water requires some form of concentration as used for water analysis. Such a Ž ltration was not reported. We know with certainty that the tomatoes were not organism free because organisms were detected with the enrichment procedure. The choice to use 200 ppm chlorine at pH 9.3 does not re ect practice in the produce industry. The fresh produce industry is well aware that hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is much more effective than hypochlorite (OCl) as an antimicrobial agent and therefore adjusts pH with acid addition. A better comparison would have been to adjust the pH of the chlorine solution to about pH 6 where the chlorine is fully protonated as hypochlorous acid and therefore more effective. Furthermore, the use of the electrolyzed water at pH 2.7 will push the equilibrium beyond 100% hypochlorous acid and will include a signiŽ cant fraction that is diatomic chlorine (Cl2) in solution. At low pH values, the fraction of the chlorine that is diatomic chlorine in solution and the fraction that is hypochlorous acid are linked by the reversible reaction


This document describes the general astronomical capabilities of the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR). The frequency range covered by LOFAR is split into two bands denoted as low band (LB, 10 - 80 MHz) and high band (HB, 120 - 240 MHz). LOFAR stations are spread over a 100 km sized region in the northern part of the Netherlands. In addition to the Dutch stations there will be European stations providing baselines between 200 km and 1000 km. Most of the results in this document, however, are limited to the Dutch array. In section 2 the LBA and HBA station configurations are reviewed. Section 3 reviews the imaging capabilities as station Full Width Half Maximum, station Field of View, and array resolution. In section 4 the system sensitivity is considered and thermal noise levels in LOFAR images are given. Finally, in section 5 some cautionary notes are collected. We advise you to read these notes carefully before using the numbers that are presented in this report.


Blockchain technology is used by entrepreneurs as an inovative tool in online trade so that they can handle the problem of traceability of the product in the management of the supply chain. This research want to be a cross-border between blockchain, ecommerce all made in the entrepreneurial environement. In the end it will be a set of methods and algorithms that are developed for the information encryption and for anticounterfeiting. There will be presented algorithms and methods to show a complete and working solution, which are evaluated by applying to several typical problems and attack cases. The effectiveness, extendibility, security, implementation and governance issues of applying these algorithms,methods, solutions are also discussed. This research contributes to the theoretical and practical literatures on blockchain technology, cross-border e-commerce and supply chain management research fields.


The overall purpose of the thesis was to increase knowledge concerning how people adapt psychologically when faced with a real danger incident, and what implications these reactions and adaptation ...


Objective To explore the preoperative and postoperative treatments of aged patients with carcinoma of the esophagus and cardia.Mechods With the exact definition of the operational indication and the severe preoperational evaluation,the preoperative preparation and postoperative treatments were sufficient.Results In this group,cases were cured with operation in time which decreased the risk of periopetation.After operation,36 cases suffered complications(25.9%),and 3 cases died(2.2%).Conclusion The aged patients with esophageal and cardiac carcinoma were often associated with multiorgan diseases.So sufficient preoperative preparation,close perioperative observation and active therapy are important for reducing postoperative comlications and promoting successful rate of surgical operation.


In an industrialized nation like Malaysia, many manufacturing plants release wastewater which needs to be treated whereby increasing the demand for wastewater treatment. Cation exchange resin is one of the most effective methods to remove Cu(II) ion from synthetic and industrial wastewater and it can be used for multiple servicing cycle. In this research, the aim was to remove Cu(II) from synthetic wastewater using cation exchange resin. The corresponding objective was to study the properties, operating parameters (pH, initial concentration, rein bed height, flowrate of wastewater) of cation exchange resin on Cu(II) adsorption. Durability test was performed after optimizing all parameters studied. This research provides an insight on how cation exchange resin behaves under different conditions and provide guidelines for future advanced research in this field. From this research, it was found that cation exchange resin is capable of achieving > 97% adsorption efficiency towards Cu(II) enabling it a suitable wastewater treatment method in various industries. Industrial wastewater collected from air-conditioner manufacturing factory was treated with cation exchange resin shown decent adsorption result whereby fulfilling the Malaysian Discharging Industrial Effluent Standard.


This pilot study aims to examine the effect of work-integrated learning (WIL) on work self-efficacy (WSE) for undergraduate students from the Queensland University of Technology. A WSE instrument was used to examine the seven subscales of WSE. These were; learning, problem solving, pressure, role expectations, team work, sensitivity and work politics. The results of this pilot study revealed that, overall the WSE scores were highest when the students' did not participate in the WIL unit (comparison group) in comparison to the WIL group. The current paper suggests that WSE scores were changed as a result of WIL participation. These findings open a new path for future studies allowing them to explore the relationship between WIL and the specific subscales of WSE.


Decomposability is the separation of the total or aggregate health disparity index (HDI) into betweenand within-group components. As in the generalized entropy class of HDIs, decomposability allows for multiple predictors of individual-level disparities to be analyzed in succession. In this technical appendix, we examine the decomposition of the total Rényi (RI) and symmetrized Rényi (SRI) indices when groups are population-weighted—which is consistent with individuals being equally-weighted—as well as when groups are equally-weighted. In the latter case, only a weak decomposition of the aggregate RI and SRI holds. The derivation of the designed-based standard errors for the between-group RI and SRI is shown in Talih (2012a). This technical appendix contains the corresponding derivations for the total or aggregate RI and SRI as well as their within-group components.


AbstractThe paper deals with the representation of musical instruments on Apulian pottery. I shall sketch a general account of the red-figured pottery produced in Apulia and its development between the late fifth and the early third centuries, discussing the iconographical trends in its different phases. Secondly, I shall offer a brief survey of the musical instruments: the instruments belonging to Greek tradition (lyra, kithara, aulos) as well as those belonging to local tradition (rectangular cithara, rectangular sistrum), and those that result from local developments of instruments received from the Greek continental tradition (tympanon, pektis). Morphological and contextual analysis of the representation of such instruments will allow us to sustain our inferences about the intercultural processes of hybridization between local, Greek and oriental organological traditions, pointing to a scenario of multiple and negotiated identities in the colonial world of Magna Graecia.