Initially, the concept of the complexity reduction approach was applied to solve symmetry algebraic systems that were generated from the discretization of the partial differential equations. Consequently, in this paper, the effectiveness of a complexity reduction approach based on half- and quarter-sweep iteration concepts for solving linear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind is investigated. Half- and quarter-sweep iterative methods are applied to solve dense linear systems generated from the discretization of the second kind of linear Fredholm integral equations using a repeated modified trapezoidal (RMT) scheme. The formulation and implementation of the proposed methods are presented. In addition, computational complexity analysis and numerical results of test examples are also included to verify the performance of the proposed methods.


DIRECT tMMUNOFLUORESCENCE FINDINGS IN DERMATOMYOSITIS. S.A.Vauglian .lones. B.S.Bliogat and M.M.Black, Department of tmmunofluorescence, St. John's Institute of Dermatology, London. Dermatomyositis (DM) is an inftammatory disorder of skeletal muscle and skin and is closety related to the other connective tissue diseases. To date no conclusive immunoftuorescence (IMF) data is available for this disease.The aim of our study was to analyse retrospectively the clinicat, histological and direct IMF findings in a group of 30 patients who had presented over an 8 year period. Clinically, 17 of our cases had the typical cutaneous features of DM i.e. a heliotrope facial rash, Gotron's papules on the dorsa of the hands with periungual and/or nail fold telangectasia. 12 of these patients had evidence of a myositis ba.sed on EMG or muscle biopsy findings. 5 of the cases have developed occult carcinomas during the study period 2 adenocarcinomas, 1 phaeochromacytoma, 1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and 1 intra-duct breast carcinoma, the former 3 of which have proved fatal. Histology findings were variable while certain features were consistently present focal epidermal atrophy, liquefaction of the basal layer and a perivascular or upper dermal mononuclear cetl infiltrate. 14 cases had histology which was compatible with the diagnosis of DM, 6 had evidence of a lupus band and 1 had histology more typical of mixed connective tissue disease. On direct IMF 16 cases had evidence of a lupus band at the dermo-epidermal junction (with IgM, tgG or C3) while 7 of those with an IgM band also had cytoid bodies suggesting a more lichenoid pathology not apparent histologically. Histology only corrrelated with the clinical findings in 7 out of the 20 patients whereas direct IMF correlated in 10 patients. In addition, in 2 patients where the clinical features were atypical for DM and in whom histology was inconclusive, direct IMF showed features which were entirely consistent with this diagnosis. Serologically, only 6 patients were ANA positive, 1 of whom was also ENA positive and all 20 were anti-Jo-1 negative. 8 patients had other circulating autoantibodies including thyroid (3), gastric parietal cell (2), smooth muscle antibodies (2) and rheumatoid factor (1).


Density fluctuations in low-collisionality, low-beta ({beta} nearly equals 0.1%), currentless plasmas produced with electron cyclotron heating (ECH) in the Advanced Toroidal Facility (ATF) torsatron have been studied using a 2-mm microwave scattering diagnostic. Pulsed gas puffing is used to produce transient steepening of the density profile from its typically flat shape; this leads to growth in the density fluctuations when the temperature and density gradients both point in the same direction in the confinement region. The wave number spectra of the fluctuations that appear during this perturbation have a maximum at higher {kappa}{sub PRP}{rho}{sub s} (nearly 1) than is typically seen in tokamaks. The in-out asymmetry of the fluctuations along the major radius correlates with the distribution of confined trapped particles expected for the ATF magnetic field geometry. During the perturbation, the relative level of the density fluctuations in the confinement region (integrated over normalized minor radii {rho} from 0.5 to 0.85) increases from n/n >= 1% when the density profile flat to n/n >= 3% when the density profile is steepened. These observations are in qualitative agreement with theoretical expectations for helical dissipative trapped electron modes (DTEMs), which are drift-wave instabilities associated with particle trapping in the helical stellaratormore » field. 5 refs., 5 figs.« less


At present,the psychological problems of the elementary and middle school students in China have become increasingly conspicuous.For example,their psychological education is morality-oriented,discipline-oriented and pathology-oriented.The want of strong psychology teachers has an impact on the overall development of the students.Based on changing the ideology of psychological education,the transforming of the present situation involves strengthening the construction of teachers,establishing and perfecting the evaluating method of psychological education,infiltrating the education of psychological health into classroom teaching and improving the effectiveness of psychological education.


Twenty‐two multi‐transfused patients with a long duration of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) received a transplant from an HLA‐matched donor after cyclophosphamide (CY) plus antithymocyte globulin plus procarbazine using CD34+ enriched blood stem cells + fresh marrow. Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) were collected on days 5 and 6 of G‐CSF (10 μg/kg/day), and T cells were depleted using an immunoadsorption column (n = 15) or magnetic cell sorting (n = 7). Marrow harvesting was performed 48 hr after the last leukapheresis. Two patients (9.1%) that developed graft failure had a successful engraftment again using unpurged PBSC. Median time to neutrophils ≥0.5 × 109/l and platelets ≥20 × 109/l without platelet transfusions were 12 days and 17 days, respectively. Acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) grade II occurred in four of 22 patients. No patient developed grade III or IV acute GVHD. Four of the evaluable 21 patients had chronic GVHD. One patient developed extensive disease. Three patients (13.6%) died from CY‐induced heart failure, extensive‐type chronic GVHD, and sepsis of unknown cause. The Kaplan–Meier estimate of survival was 83.9% (95% CI, 70.1–95.2%) with a median follow‐up duration of 33.5 (6–44) months. CD34+‐enriched PBSC in combination with unmanipulated marrow seem to play a role in overcoming the sensitization to histocompatibility antigens without an apparent increase in GVHD. The stem cell component therapy may be feasible for the high‐risk SAA adult patients. Am. J. Hematol. 69:15–22, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Computer generated hologram(CGH) fabricated in concaved surface has been proven to be good method for interferometric measurement of convex aspheric surfaces.We have successfully designed and fabricated a convex aspheres testing system and its testing acuracy is better thanλ/30.We fabricated a large curved CGH on the concave substrate with diameter of 110 mm and radius of curvature of 500 mm.To fabrite the hologram precisely and efficiently,we adopt single pass to write two brims of every zone and adopt screw-lines to fill in the blank between these two brims.Using the CGH fabricated by laser direct writing system,a convex aspheric surface produced by diamond-turning with 100 mm in diameter was tested.The testing result shows that the surface error is 0.8 λ P-V,and it agrees well with the acuracy of diamond turning machine.


The analysis of the peripheral nerves based on the data of the electroneuromyographic examinations as well as the central afferent conducting ways based on the registration results of the somatosensoric evoked potentials of the workers with a long-term lasting employment period at the chemical productions based on the example of the vinilchloride and metallic mercury exposures is given in this paper. The presence of the similar pronounced alterations has been revealed in the patients of the both groups examined at the peripheral level. The central afferent disorders have been revealed in the persons exposed to mercury unlike the workers at the vinilchloride production.


Previous studies of the relationship between breast-feeding and intelligence have been marred by major methodologic problems. The authors of this longitudinal, prospective birth cohort study followed more than 3000 individuals born in Denmark between 1959 and 1961. Two nonoverlapping subsamples of the Copenhagen Perinatal Cohort participated in adult intelligence testing. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was used to assess intelligence at a mean age of 27.2 …


Book review of Jane McCabe. Race, Tea and Colonial Resettlement: Imperial Families, Interrupted. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2017. Pp. 272. $79.20 (cloth).


This paper describes how the Lanzhou Railway Bureau Television Station to use the reverse bypass in the available unidirectional CATV Network to implement the value-added service in wide band internet access.When the CATV network is using cable modem technique to realize the wide band access,the major obstacle is to the return noises.The paper presents that taking a reverse bypass from optical line terminal(OLT) to end OLT could reduce the return noises significantly.


We developed a novel long-lasting phosphorescence (LLP) material BaZrSi3O9:Eu2+,Pr3+. The crystal structure, electronic structure and photoluminescence of this phosphor have been investigated systematically. The highlight of this work is the admirable LLP performances of BaZrSi3O9:Eu2+,Pr3+, which could be observed by the naked eye for 15 hours in the dark after ceasing the irradiation source. Moreover, we have analyzed the reason why the BaZrSi3O9:Eu2+,Pr3+ phosphor has such excellent persistent luminescence by exploring the distribution of traps in BaZrSi3O9:Eu2+,Pr3+ with the help of thermoluminescence (TL) spectra. A series of the excitation duration, decay duration and temperature dependent TL experiments of BaZrSi3O9:Eu2+,Pr3+ were conducted, revealing the trapping and detrapping of electrons into and from the shallow traps through the conduction band and the deeper traps via the tunnelling process. According to the experimental results, the mechanism of the feasible persistent luminescence of BaZrSi3O9:Eu2+,Pr3+ was also proposed and illustrated in detail.


Presents a method aiming at the dynamic response of rectangular plate when it is vibrating freedly,which is called differential quadrature(DQ) semi-analytic method.It adopts differential quadrature method in space domain and series in time domain on the basis of controlling partial differential equation,and gets DQ linear equations for solving all parameters of the displacement-field by adding time-points.


I have no particular expertise in the history or present condition of the American health care system. I would like to offer some thoughts, nevertheless, about this strange moment in the life of the medical profession-a moment of unprecedented scientific promise, yet also of tremendous economic, political, and even cultural difficulty. I would like to try, in a small way, to suggest at least a part of a context within which to think about the particular problems that many physicians face every day.

Those problems are probably most visible in the form of the tremendous economic and administrative strains that have been confronting the medical profession, and the world of health care generally, for at least the last decade: the rapidly spiraling costs (unmatched by comparable increases in the incomes of most doctors); the increasingly powerful and intrusive role of insurance companies, HMOs, and government agencies; and the steady loss of control by doctors themselves over the economic and institutional conditions in which they work. There have been numerous efforts to bring some order and control to this messy new health-care world, most notably President Clinton's politically disastrous attempt in 1994 to create a national health insurance system. But so far at least, our society has lacked the social and political will-and perhaps also the knowledge-to find any coherent solution to these problems.

I do not want to minimize in any way the seriousness of the concrete economic, administrative, and political problems that plague the health care world today. But there is also, I think, another set of issues that have affected the medical profession-and indeed many other professions-in our time that have made those concrete problems even more difficult to solve. Those issues revolve around a large loss of public faith in the capacities of institutions and ideas that …


SINCE the first demonstrations of the diagnostic potentialities of air studies of the ventricular system in patients with agenesis of the corpus callosum,1an increasing number of cases of this condition have been recognized clinically. The existence of this entity in persons leading a relatively normal existence, as well as in patients with severe clinical signs and symptoms, has been noted,2and the need of a functioning corpus callosum in the normal economy has therefore been questioned. Electroencephalography offers a method for study of such cases from a physiologic, as well as a diagnostic, standpoint, and the use of this method in conjunction with other, definitive technics may reveal a more complete picture of the activities of the corpus callosum in man. Publications on agenesis of the corpus callosum have rarely included electroencephalographic studies, hence this case, with a review of other reported cases, is presented. REPORT OF


We have extended our previous measurements of the dissipation associated with superfluid turbulence in flows where the superfluid and normal-fluid velocities can be varied independently to include all quadrants of the V/sub n/-V/sub s/ plane. Three distinct types of dissipation exist in fairly well-defined regions of the plane. In one region the dissipation can be described by the simple mutual friction associated with homogeneous superfluid turbulence. The boundary of this region is the extension of the TI-TII transition observed in thermal counterflow. The dissipation in the second region is consistent with a phenomenological extension of the homogeneous model. In the third region the dissipation is very weak and not easily characterized.


With increasing threats by large attacks or disasters, the time has come to reconstruct network infrastructures such as communication or transportation systems rather than to recover them as before in case of accidents, because many real networks are extremely vulnerable. Thus, we consider self-healing mechanisms by rewirings (reuse or addition of links) to be sustainable and resilient networks even against malicious attacks. In distributed local process for healing, the key strategies are the extension of candidates of linked nodes and enhancing loops by applying a message-passing algorithm inspired from statistical physics. Simulation results show that our proposed combination of ring formation and enhancing loops is particularly effective in comparison with the conventional methods, when more than half damaged links alive or are compensated from reserved ones.


In history,the legend of Yue Fei's transmigration was always changing.What was written down in official history was different from that of unofficial history and fiction.The stories of Yue Fei's transmigration was an evolution from a swan or roc to a numen of pig,and then to Zhang Fei and a roc with golden wings.The evolution well exemplifies people's good wishes to heroes and their sense of righteousness.


To examine the effects of propranolol and nifedipine on exercise-induced attack in patients with variant angina, exercise 20`T1 myocardial scintigraphy with quantitative analysis by emission-computed tomography was performed in 20 patients with variant angina after oral propranolol (80 mg), nifedipine (20 mg), and placebo. Exercise-induced attack occurred in 11 patients on placebo, in 14 on propranolol, and in none on nifedipine. The exercise duration was significantly shorter in those on propranolol (p < .05), but significantly longer in patients on nifedipine (p < .05) than in those on placebo. The peak rate-pressure product was significantly lower in patients on propranolol (p < .01), but did not change in those on nifedipine, as compared with that in patients on placebo. The size of the perfusion defect as measured by 201TI tomography was significantly greater in patients on propranolol (p < .05), but significantly less in those on nifedipine (p < .01) than in those on placebo. In conclusion, propranolol does not suppress but rather may aggravate exercise-induced attack in patients with variant angina, while nifedipine suppresses it. This unfavorable effect of propranolol on exercise-induced attack in patients with variant angina is likely to be due to a reduction of regional myocardial blood flow. Circulation 74, No. 2, 374-380, 1986. EXERTIONAL ANGINA has been explained on the basis of increased myocardial oxygen demand in the presence of fixed stenosis of coronary arteries.1 2 Thus, ,3-adrenergic-blocking drugs that decrease myocardial oxygen demand have been widely used in its treatment.2> Recently, acute reduction of myocardial blood flow or oxygen supply due to coronary artery spasm has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of exercise-induced attack not only in patients with variant angina,5 but also in patients with classic exertional angina.8 In these patients, the drugs of choice for the treatment of exercise-induced attack would be calcium antagonists, which suppress coronary artery spasm, rather than ,3-adrenergic-blocking From the Division of Cardiology, and Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto City, Japan. Address for correspondence: Hirofumi Yasue, M.D., Division of Cardiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, 11-1, Honjo, Kumamoto City, Japan 860. Received Jan. 24, 1986; revision accepted April 3, 1986. drugs. However, the precise role of 8-adrenergicblocking drugs and/or calcium antagonists in the treatment of exercise-induced attack in patients with variant angina has not been defined. Exercise 201T1 myocardial scintigraphy provides quantitative information concerning the effective regional myocardial blood flow.9 '° In the present study, using exercise 201T1 myocardial scintigraphy, we examined the effects of propranolol, a f3-adrenergic blocker, and those of nifedipine, a calcium antagonist, on exercise-induced attack in patients with variant angina.


The paper deals with the problems of public administration reforms in European countries. This phenomenon is complex in its very nature and asks for an integrated approach of more disciplines. In this process an important role rests with the geography, especially what is called administrative geography. The relationship between territory and administration is argued on the example of administrative reforms in several European countries, such as the Netherlands, Finland, Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary and Poland.


AbstractThe level of sensitivity to project success of large infrastructure projects is significantly greater in front-phase than in execution phase. Yet, due to focus on execution phase, methods for project assessment and on-going evaluation during front phases are insufficiently developed. On the other hand, risk management approaches has been moved from risk management towards holistic uncertainty management which is the most beneficial in front end phase of the project. This research identifies that majority of methods and techniques available does not support uncertainty management concept. The purpose of this paper is to develop and new method for risk based project assessment and evaluation integrating risk impact modelling using cumulative distribution curves (CDC) and multi-criteria project evaluation approach. Research is based on in-depth risk analysis of 15 large infrastructure projects using risk model of components and characteristics. The conclusion of the paper is verification and validati...


Background—Complete coronary artery reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been shown to significantly improve survival. Electrical stability may be the decisive mechanism for this beneficial effect. Because electrical stability is largely dependent on ventricular repolarization, we sought to determine the impact of a modern reperfusion strategy (ie, direct percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) on QT dynamicity in AMI and examined its association with infarct-related artery flow. Methods and Results—We prospectively investigated QT dynamicity in 128 patients undergoing direct PCI for a first AMI. Slopes and correlation coefficients of the linear QT/RR regression were determined in the time interval before reperfusion, within the initial hour after reperfusion, and within the remaining recording period from Holter ECG recordings, which were initiated on admission. Subgroup analysis based on TIMI 3 (n=100) and TIMI 2 (n=28) flow after PCI revealed no significant differences in QT/RR slope before PCI (0.145±0.12 versus 0.160±0.19, P =NS). After PCI, QT/RR slopes increased only in the TIMI 2 subgroup (P <0.05). In TIMI 2 patients, QT/RR slopes were significantly steeper in the hour after PCI and in the remaining recording period, respectively (0.155±0.12 versus 0.192±0.15, P <0.05, and 0.159±0.10 versus 0.210±0.17, P <0.01). Conclusions—Alterations of QT dynamicity in patients with incomplete reperfusion may suggest an altered electrical restitution, potentially providing a substrate for serious ventricular arrhythmias. Thus, our findings offer new insights into mechanisms by which complete reperfusion may affect electrical stability.


We report the accidental needlestick inoculation of a laboratory worker with vaccinia virus. Although the patient had previously been vaccinated against smallpox, severe lesions appeared on the fingers. Western blot and polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to analyze the virus recovered from the lesions. The vaccinia virus–specific immunoglobulin G levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our study supports the need for vaccination for laboratory workers that routinely handle orthopoxvirus.


The effects of different normalizing temperatures and tempering temperature on mechanical properties of GX8 Cr Ni12 steel nuclear steam seal body were studied. The results show that with the increasing of normalizing temperature, the strength and hardness increased, ductility and toughness decreased; with the increasing of the tempering temperature, the strength, hardness and impact toughness decreased, while the elongation and reduction of area both the plasticity index increased first and then decreased. Different process parameters corresponding to the value of the mechanical properties were obtained. The experiences and data for the further production of steel castings and use of materials were accumulated.


The paper presents an integrated information system for monitoring current state of natural resources and providing valuable help by assisting decisions makers in critical situations. The specific case studied is from the domain of water resources management but the architecture is easily adaptable to suit other types of natural resources (e.g. soil, air). The key points of the proposed solutions are standardization, web services and cloud computing.


Super resolution is a method that reconstructs a higher resolution image from single captured image or set of captured low resolution images. Super resolution imaging is used for several image processing applications like medical imaging, earth observation systems and surveillance systems. Image interpolation is one of the conventional methods used to enhance the resolution of the image. Basic linear interpolation methods like bilinear, bicubic give the blurred image as a result. Non-linear interpolation methods like New Edge Directed Interpolation (NEDI), Curvature based interpolation, neural network based interpolation enhance the image but has limitations like several artifacts. In this paper, a novel innovative approach is proposed in which using dual tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT), low and high frequency sub bands are generated. High frequency sub band images are interpolated using improved NEDI which is NEDI with a circular window and dynamic window. Improved NEDI (INEDI) algorithm proposed in the paper gives better results on high frequency components which lead to high resolution image without artifacts. Inverse DT-CWT is applied on interpolated sub bands to reconstruct high resolution image. Registration is applied on both images and shift adaptable bilinear interpolation is applied which reconstructs image into 4 interpolation factor. The proposed approach is verified for different interpolation factors and for different satellite images. The accuracy of proposed approach is verified by several contrast features. The algorithm proposed in this paper outperforms in comparison to state of the art algorithms.


Permian rocks occur over more than 80% of the Polish territory and, in middle Poland, they occur at considerable depth, from 2 to 6 km. The Early Permian was a period of long-lasting intensive volcanic activity. The Late Permian and Zechstein began with desert deposition which was followed by evaporitic deposition of a shallow epicontinental sea. The middle Polish trough (MPT) constituted the central part of the late Permian basin and was the site of the earliest and longest deposition with the most intensive periodical subsidence not compensated by sedimentation. Subsidence rate and syndepositional faulting substantially controlled the paleogeographic pattern. The final structure of the oil and gas fields was caused by late diagenesis and Upper Cretaceous structural remodeling. The upper Rotliegendes have the biggest natural gas fields. Reservoir rocks are sandstone and sandstones interfingering with conglomerates in tectonically active zones. The most promising areas for hydrocarbon exploration are the marginal parts of the basin (UPL) and the contact zone between MPT and the adjacent platforms. In the central part of the basin, the most promising are sandstone complexes on elevated tectonic blocks. Zechstein hydrocarbon fields occur in carbonate horizons of the first three cycles (PZ1, PZ2, and PZ3). Inmore » some areas, the Zechstein limestones (Cal), constitute the natural gas reservoir. Main dolomite (Ca2), oil, gas, and condensate fields are connected with the carbonate platform or its slope. Source rocks for oil occur in the Ca2 basinal facies or in the deeper parts of the platform-type lagoons. Oil migration is short and lateral, from either the basin or lagoon, toward the carbonate platform. Gas in Ca2 derived from the sub-Zechstein basement and migrated vertically along fault zones. The most prospective areas are reservoir horizons of the carbonate platform occurring in the near source rocks. The play dolomite Ca3 is not very promising.« less


In this paper we consider the semigroups of quasi-open functions. A function f between topological spaces X and Y is quasi-open if for any non-empty open set U⊂X, the interior of f(U) in Y is non-empty. We give abstract characterization of semigroups  of quasi-open functions defined on an open set of Euclidean n-space.


Stereoscopy is defined as any technique capable of creating the illusion of depth in an image. This can be achieved by generating two slightly different views of a scene, one for each eye, to provide the brain with enough information to infer depth from the images. While the two stereoscopic views can be generated trivially by simply rendering the scene twice from the two viewpoints, this consumes double the amount of resources, and is not feasible for high performance applications such as video games which are typically operating within tight budgets. To improve on this naive approach, we can exploit the large amount of spatial coherence between the two viewpoints to avoid generating both viewpoints from scratch. We implemented multiple reprojection algorithms, and compared their performance. In addition, we introduce a novel high performance reprojection approach that we call Iterative Reprojection. We investigate the behavior of the iteration and demonstrate stable convergence for typical CG scenes. Finally, we implement Iterative Reprojection into an existing high performance application to demonstrate the flexibility and effectiveness of the approach.


Our study of Black-on-Red sherds found in well-stratified Iron IIA contexts at Megiddo shows that the earliest examples of this ware appear in an early stage of the Late Iron IIA, radiocarbon dated to the late 10th to early ninth century B.C.E. An archaeometric analysis of 10 sherds reveals that they were manufactured in Cyprus, meaning that Black-on-Red vessels were produced on the island as early as ca. 900 B.C.E. This makes Gjerstad's theory regarding the "Levantine Phase" in the production history of this ware obsolete. It is noteworthy that Black-on-Red vessels of Type IV (dated to the eighth and early seventh centuries B.C.E. based on stylistic considerations) are present in secure contexts in levels Q-5 and Q-4 at Megiddo, radiocarbon dated to the late 10th and ninth centuries B.C.E.


Simple Summary The mobile preimplantative phase of equine gestation, taking place between day 9 and 16 after ovulation, is characterized by peristaltic contractions of the uterus caused by secretion of prostaglandins by the spheric equine conceptus. This mobility is necessary for maternal recognition of pregnancy in equids, taking place around day 14 after ovulation. The presented study investigated the spatial and temporal abundance of prostaglandin synthesis enzymes of the equine conceptus, elucidating a basal and an inducible system for prostaglandin E2. Prostaglandin F2α synthesis is restricted to the "periembryonic"pole area and relies on enzymatic conversion of prostaglandin E2. This scenario led to a model able to explain the embryonic forward motion driven by the peristaltic contractions of the uterus. In vitro incubation of primary trophoblast cell cultures with oxytocin showed no influence of this hormone on prostaglandin synthesis. Abstract In the horse, mobility of the conceptus is required for maternal recognition of pregnancy depending on secretion of prostaglandins by the conceptus. The aim of this study was to determine the expression and localization of key enzymes of the different pathways leading to synthesis of prostaglandin E2 and F2α in the equine conceptus during the mobility phase. Enzyme expression was analyzed via quantitative RT-PCR in total RNA samples of equine conceptuses collected on days 10 (n = 5), 12 (n = 12), 14 (n = 5) and 16 (n = 7) from healthy mares. Relative abundance of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA was higher (p < 0.05) than of COX-1 irrespective of conceptus age and for phospholipase A2 on day 16 in comparison to all other days (p < 0.01). Abundance of mRNA of cytosolic and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (PGES) and of carbonyl reductase (CBR) 1 was not influenced by conceptus age. Immunohistochemically, COX-1, COX-2, as well as cytosolic and microsomal PGES were present in both the ectodermal and endodermal layer of the yolk sac wall. CBR-1 was restricted to periembryonic disc area. The localisation of the key enzymes explains the mechanism of embryo mobility. In vitro incubation of primary trophoblast cell cultures with oxytocin had no effect on key enzyme synthesis.


This paper describes a spectrophotometric method for use in the field for the determination of aliphatic isocyanates and their oligomers in air. The atmosphere being tested is drawn through a mixture of hydrochloric acid and dimethyl sulphoxide at a sampling rate of 2 l min–1 for 10 min. Any isocyanates or oligomer present are hydrolysed to the corresponding amine. 1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene is added and forms coloured derivatives with the amines. The absorbance of each derivative is measured at approximately 353 nm, and can be directly related to the amount of isocyanate. Concentrations down to 0.002 p.p.m. can be determined.


A fundamental question in dynamical systems is to identify regions of phase/parameter space satisfying a given property (stability, linearization, etc). Given a family of analytic circle diffeomorphisms depending on a parameter, we obtain effective (almost optimal) lower bounds of the Lebesgue measure of the set of parameters that are conjugated to a rigid rotation. We estimate this measure using an a posteriori KAM scheme that relies on quantitative conditions that are checkable using computer-assistance. We carefully describe how the hypotheses in our theorems are reduced to a finite number of computations, and apply our methodology to the case of the Arnold family. Hence we show that obtaining non-asymptotic lower bounds for the applicability of KAM theorems is a feasible task provided one has an a posteriori theorem to characterize the problem. Finally, as a direct corollary, we produce explicit asymptotic estimates in the so called local reduction setting (à la Arnold) which are valid for a global set of rotations.


The production of low-mass dielectrons is one of the most promising tools for the understanding of chiral symmetry restoration and the thermodynamical properties of theQuark-Gluon plasma (QGP) created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. For low invariant masses (mee < 1.1 GeV/c), the dielectron invariant-mass spectrum is sensitive to the properties of short-lived vector mesons in themedium andmodifications related to chiral symmetry restoration. Thermal radiation emitted by the system, both during the partonic and hadronic phase, contributes to the dielectron yield over a broad mass range and gives insight into the thermodynamic properties of the medium. In the intermediate-mass region (1.1 < mee < 2.8 GeV/c), the measurement of thermal dielectrons from the QGP is very challenging at the LHC due to the dominant contribution of correlated e+e− pairs from semileptonic decays of charm and beauty hadrons. Finally, at very low pair transverse momenta initial photon annihilation and photonuclear processes, triggered by the coherent electromagnetic fields of the incoming nuclei, are expected to play a role in more peripheral collisions. In this talk, we will present dielectron measurements with ALICE in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV for different centralities. In particular, the new results obtained analysing 2018 Pb-Pb data, which provide higher statistical precision compared to previous measurements, will be shown. The results will be compared to the expected dielectron yield from known hadronic sources as well as several predictions for the thermal radiation from the hadronic gas and QGP phases.


The graph shown in Figure 3C is mislabeled. The drug that followed the ionomycin was PDBu (not carbachol). The description in the figure legend is correct.


Vermont has participated in rail-highway crossing projects funded by the 1973 Federal Highway Safety Act by regularly providing its 10 percent matching funding which has allowed systematic installation of automatic warning devices and improvement of crossing surfaces. The State Agency of Transportation is charged with identifying and prioritizing crossing improvements that utilize the federal and state funds. Most such projects are then accomplished by railroad and state forces working together; railroad funds are often expended to extend an improvement beyond the original scope to further enhance safety or reduce maintenance needs.


The immune response following vaccination with a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine was investigated in 32 patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and compared with the outcome in 32 healthy age‐ and sex‐matched volunteers. Participants were vaccinated at 0, 30, and 180 days and in vivo immune response was determined at 30, 60, 90, 180, and 210 days. The number of responders (anti‐HBs > 1 IU I−1) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) among patients at 30 (2 vs 11), 60 (17 vs 26), 90 (20 vs 28) and 180 (22 vs 29) days. The number of patients protected (anti‐HBs > 10 IU I−1) was lower (p < 0.05) than the number of protected volunteers at 60 (5 vs 14), 90 (10 vs 19), 180 (15 vs 24), and 210 days (24 vs 31). After the complete course of vaccination 8 out of 32 patients were still unprotected against hepatitis B (p < 0.05). The anti‐HBs titre of responders at 210 days was 251 (20, 3162) (geometric mean (‐SD, +SD)) IU I−1 in patients and 1259 (126, 12589) IU I−1 in control subjects (p < 0.05). The HLA‐antigen DQw1 frequency in the diabetic low responders (anti‐HBs < 100 IU I−1) was 0.27 compared with 0.86 in diabetic adequate responders. No relation between anti‐HBs production and concentration of HbA1c could be demonstrated.


The experiment took place inside a sound-proofed booth, the stimuli where presented on a calibrated 21" LC display (Eizo CG211, white point 6500K, 100 cd/m2). No other light sources were present. The adjustment was performed using the CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) colour space (Wyszecki and Stiles, [4]). A graphical user interface provided three faders to vary the three parameters L* (lightness), a* ("red-green content"), and b* ("blue-yellow content") of a colour patch (width 29 cm, height 19 cm) which was visible in the middle of the screen with a medium grey surrounding. The viewing distance was 70 cm.


An analytical model is proposed to evaluate the nodal force induced by a segment of dislocation upon an arbitrary shaped triangular element. This calculation is required in hybrid methods that associate dislocation dynamics to boundary or finite element to solve simultaneously the evolution of large ensembles of dislocations with complex boundary conditions. Nodal forces are defined as the triple integration of the unbalanced traction field induced by a straight dislocation upon the surface of the element. Following our previous approach (Queyreau et al 2014 Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 22 035004) on a simpler geometry and in the case of linear isotropic elasticity, triple integrals are solved by sequences of integration by parts that exhibit recurrence relations. The traction field is defined and finite everywhere even at the core of dislocations, thanks to the use of the non-singular stress expression formulated by Cai et al (2006 J. Mech. Phys. Solids 54 561–587). The nodal force expressions can be used when considering both a single convolution or double convolution of the Green's function with the core distribution. A solution is also proposed for the case of a semi-infinite segment through the study of the asymptotic behavior of the analytical expressions. The proposed approach is exact and very computationally efficient. The choice of an arbitrary shaped triangular element and quadratic shape functions allow the consideration of complex geometries and comply with automatic meshing procedures. These analytical expressions could also be employed to estimate dislocation interactions with interfaces.


Regional secure units are a relatively new facility for the treatment of mentally disordered offenders and difficult to manage patients. Their role is still evolv ing. Previous studies have described details of re ferrals and admissions to such secure units (Higgins, 1981; Gudjonsson & Mackeith, 1983; Offen & Taylor, 1985;Faulk & Taylor, 1986;Bullard & Bond, 1988). To date, however, no studies have examined changes of practice in RSUs over time. The purpose of the present study is to examine changes in the admission characteristics of patients admitted to the Butler Clinic, regional secure unit for Devon and Cornwall since it opened in 1983 to the present time.


Tayal and Zatsarinny [Astrophys. J. 2017, 850, 147] have reported results for energy levels, radiative rates (A-values), lifetimes, and effective collision strengths (Υ) for transitions among 202 levels of C-like O III. For the calculations they have adopted the multi-configuration Hartree-Fock (MCHF) code for the energy levels and A-values, and B-spline R-matrix (BSR) code for Υ. Their reported results cover a (much) larger range of levels/transitions than generally available in the literature, and appear to be accurate for energy levels and A-values. However, the magnitude and behaviour of Υ do not appear to be correct for several transitions. We demonstrate this through our independent calculations by adopting the flexible atomic code (FAC) and recommend a fresh calculation for this important ion. 1 ar X iv :2 10 3. 02 58 1v 1 [ ph ys ic s. at om -p h] 3 M ar 2 02 1


Diabetic Retinopathy is a medical condition that occurs due to prolonged diabetes, ensuing in harmful to small blood vessels present in the retina, which in later stage leads to complete loss of vision. Moreover, this disease is asymptomatic at its earlier stages and hence, constant screening and precise diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy is required. Fundus image analysis proves to be an indispensable tool for the diagnosis of patients. This Paper focuses on using a neural network algorithm aimed to diagnosis of the disease by extracting the key features in the retinal fundus images are lesions, hemorrhages, exudates then the statistical parameters which henceforth help in the classification. This algorithm proves to achieve better accuracy than the traditional unsupervised classification algorithms.


Advancement in science and technology has profoundly depended on new types of glass innovation. The glasses that were studied in this project are binary barium silicate glasses, binary barium fluorozirconate glasses, ZBLAN glasses and ?Eu?^(3+) doped ZBLAN glass (the ZBLAN glasses are based on binary barium fluorozirconate glass). The high atomic number of barium in the barium silicate glasses provides high mass and high electron density providing its applications for heat and X-ray shielding. The phenomena such as phase separation in the barium silicate glass will affect its properties of durability and electrical conductivity. On the other hand, ZBLAN glasses have a broad infrared optical transmission window due to the weaker bonding/interaction of F^- ions. Due to the presence of lanthanum in the composition ZBLAN glass can be easily doped with rare-earth ions such as ?Eu?^(3+) giving it many optical applications such as optical amplifier and fibre lasers.
 Hence, it's essential to study the structure of these glasses to understand their properties for applications. This thesis used the classical molecular dynamics modelling technique to study the static atomic structure of glass. Generally, fluoride glasses can be formed by totally replacing oxygen atoms in oxide glasses by fluorine atoms. The oxide silicate glasses are common glasses that follow the Zachriasen rules of glass formation but the fluorozirconate glasses do not and lack fixed structural units.
 The structure analysis was performed at short-range order (e.g. coordination number, bond length and bond angle), medium-range order (e.g. network connectivity) and long- range order (e.g. phase separation). The related crystals were also simulated in similar conditions to the glasses to compare their atomic structure. Normally at short-range order glass
structure is similar to its related crystal but the differences between them starts from the position and number of next nearest neighbours and increases thereafter. Additionally, the
new methods such as rotational invariants and grid analysis were used to scrutinise structural units and phase separation respectively.
 The model of barium silicate glass shows good agreement with experimental diffraction data. The typical bond length and coordination number for Ba were 2.97 A and approximately 7 respectively. The model did not show any phase separation at low Ba content and hence for further investigation very large models of alkaline earth silicate glasses were studied to see how Ba, Ca and Mg are distributed in the glass. The grid analysis was used to see the distributions which show homogeneity for Ba and Ca and inhomogeneity for Mg cation.
 The structural units of fluorozirconate glasses were carefully studied as they do not follow the Zachriasen glass model. The coordination number for Zr was mixture of 7 and 8. The rotational invariant analysis shows that the structural units of ZrF_n polyhedra for coordination number 7 and 8 were similar to Augmented Triangular Prism and Biaugmented Triangular Prism respectively. However, rotational invariant values for BaF_n polyhedra tend more towards random.
 The large complex model of ?Eu?^(3+) doped ZBLAN glass was made as it is studied for optical applications. The initial analysis was to observe whether Zr and Ba has similar structural roles as in binary fluorozirconate glass system which they do. Considering the extra elements in ZBLAN glass, Al behaves like a network former and has octahedra structural units whereas La and Na behave like modifiers. In the glass Eu was uniformly distributed with predominantly coordination number of 8 and does not have well defined structural units.


Objective:To investigate the incidence of depression and its affecting factors in patients with malignant tumors.Methods:HAMD Questionnaire had been adopted to survey 98 patients with malignant tumors who had been informed the illness and 90 healthy controls.Results:The incidence of depression was as follows:significantly higher in the patients than that in the controls(χ2=18.97,P0.01);no difference between sex(χ2=2.77,P0.05);significant difference between the older and younger(χ2=4.03,P0.05);no difference with education background.Patients with lung cancer were more liable to depression(χ2=15.28,P0.05).Conclusion:Patients with malignant tumors have more psychologic obstacle than health crowd.Significant differences exist between different ages and different diseases,but nothing to do with education background.Psychologic instructions should not be ignored in the treatment of them.


The objective of present investigation was to investigate the thirty wheat advanced lines for characterization of environmental conditions conducive to leaf rust development. Moreover, eleven physio-morphological and yield attributing traits namely days to booting (DTB), days to heading (DTH), peduncle length (cm) plant height (cm), effective tillers, number of spikelet per spike, spike length, grains per spike, thousand-grain weight (g), grain yield (kg ha −1 ) and protein percentage were assessed on these genotypes in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) at the Research Area of Plant Pathology University College of Agriculture, B.Z.U. Bahadar Campus Layyah, to evaluate the elite advanced lines after clustering them based on their genetic variation in performance. Epidemiological variables showed a great influence on the progress of disease development. Minimum temperature (11-18.2 °C), maximum temperature (25-33 0 C), relative humidity (44-64%), rainfall (2.2-9.1 mm) and wind speed (1.7-2.8 km/h) proved the most conducive factors for the development of leaf rust epidemics. Multivariate analysis exhibited that thirty advanced lines formed 4 different clusters. Cluster 2 and 3 showed maximum values for spike length, effective tillers, number of spikelet per spike, number of grains per spike, protein percentage, thousand-grain weight and yield and lowest peduncle length, days to booting and days to heading. Cluster 1 demonstrated maximum values for days to heading, days to booting, peduncle length and plant height and lowest for effective tillers, protein percentage, number of grains per spike, grain yield and thousand grain weight. Considering cluster analysis and yield contributing traits, members of cluster 2 may be used as high yielding and rust-resistant wheat elite lines in prevailing environmental conditions of district Layyah.


Thrombocytopenia is a rare side effect of vancomycin, an antibiotic that is often used to treat Gram-positive bacterial infections. A 67-year-old man developed bilateral pulmonary emboli and hospital-acquired pneumonia following left ureteric reimplantation. He was anticoagulated with rivaroxaban and started on intravenous vancomycin and gentamicin for treatment of pneumonia. After five doses of vancomycin, his platelet count dropped to a nadir of 0×109/L (baseline: 314×109/L) manifesting as visible heavy haematuria and haemodynamic instability due to excessive blood loss. Reversal of the thrombocytopenia was achieved with intravenous immunoglobulin, methylprednisolone and continuous platelet transfusions.


OBJECTIVE
To study the changes and clinical significance of CD4+CD25+CD127low regulatory T cells (Treg) and CD3+CD16+CD56+ natural killer T cells (NKT) in peripheral blood of children with Wilms tumor.

METHODS
Twenty-one children with Wilms tumor were enrolled as the case group, and twenty-one healthy children for physical examinations were enrolled as the control group. Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of CD4+CD25+CD127low T cells and CD3+CD16+CD56+ T cells in peripheral blood of two groups.

RESULTS
The level of Treg cells in peripheral blood of the case group was significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05). The level of NKT cells in peripheral blood of the case group was significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
Treg cells and NKT cells play important roles in the occurrence and development of Wilms tumor. Treg cells and NKT cells may be useful indexes for evaluating immunological function in children with Wilms tumor.


ABSTRACT Cellulose cannot be thermally processed because degradation occurs before its melting temperature. Thermoplasticity can be obtained when chemical modification of hydroxyl groups decreases the polymer interaction. Benzylation reaction was used to increase processability of several lignocellulose wastes such as saw dust, rice peel and pineapple peel. Benzylation increases the decomposition temperature (DT) of the materials. This indicates that this modification improves the thermal lignocellulose stability. In DSC a melting peak was observed for benzylated products, showing that the benzylation reaction increases lignocellulose thermoplasticity.


Spectroscopic evidence for two adsorbed uranium(VI) surface species on edge surfaces of a muscovite platelet was obtained by Time Resolved Laser-induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy (TRLFS). In contrast, no fluorescence signal was obtained on the basal plane surfaces clearly indicating that U(VI) sorption on muscovite predominantly takes place at the edge surfaces. TRLFS spectra of adsorbed U(VI) surface species on gibbsite are very similar and show that U(VI) sorption on muscovite occurs on aluminol sites of the edge surfaces.


Human daily activity recognition using mobile personal sensing technology plays a central role in the field of pervasive healthcare. One major challenge lies in the inherent complexity of human body movements and the ECG signals. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we present a human activity recognition and ECG based on SHIMMERTM Wireless sensor platform. We are developing ubiquitous system for constant monitoring of human health that uses a 3D accelerometer and an electrocardiogram communicating wirelessly to a personal computer. This system should provide an automatic alert whenever a person's condition indicates a risk of heart attack or other danger. We collected acceleration data and bodily movement records from our staffs and from volunteer in order to determine from the movement data what sorts of movements. Our system is able to identify the type of human movements from the acceleration data and use this in combination with ECG data to decide whether to issue an alert.


The utility model relates to an electric power device, in particular to a special tool for binding a tail wire of an electric power circuit tower stay wire. A winder arranged in rotatable mode through a hinge is fixed in the middle of a rod-shaped handle, the winder is C-shaped, one end of the winder is connected with the hinge, a fixing handle in a shape of a short shaft is fixedly arranged on the winder on one side opposite to the hinge, a rotatable fixing ring is arranged at the position on the handle opposite to the fixing handle, and a winding pin shaft is arranged on a plane on the winder perpendicular to the fixing handle. During use of the special tool, the tail wire of the stay wire, a main line and an iron wire for fixing are arranged in the C-shaped winder, the winder is located and locked through the fixing ring, the iron wire can be wound on the surface of the tail wire and the main line fast and evenly by rotating the handle, and the tool has the advantages of being convenient to use, low in labor intensity and the like. Simultaneously, winding of the iron wire is even, tension of the iron wire is uniform during winding, and effective fixing of the tail wire of the stay wire and the main line are guaranteed.


An extremely lucid account of the concepts, implications and procedures regarding bankruptcy filings. Describes the four most commonly used forms of bankruptcy and what can and can't be accomplished. Covers the roles of trustees, bankruptcy court, statuses, priorites and the rights of creditors. Contains step-by-step sequences required for each bankruptcy process. The appendix features a significant amount of essential forms needed for or useful in bankruptcy procedures.


The 2012 Chicago Area Study surveyed 229 center directors in 33 ZIP Codes on the West and North sides of Chicago. We prepared a set of initial research briefs to disseminate basic study findings. This CAS 2012 Research Brief #1 summarizes the study goals and design and describes how we classified the 33 ZIP Codes into five types.


We read with interest the letters by Tadolini et al. [1] and Stochino et al. [2] in a recent issue of the European Respiratory Journal, which summarise the first available evidence on tuberculosis (TB) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [3]. It is important to recognise the impact of COVID-19 on TB care to mitigate its consequences. TB services have an urgent need to identify novel strategies to ensure the continuum of TB care at the time of the coronavirus pandemic. https://bit.ly/2OIKnwL


Objective
To explore the effects of applying multidisciplinary team based action study method in quality control of blood samples before test in order to improve the quality of inpatients' blood samples before test.

Methods
A multidisciplinary team which was mainly led by the Nursing Department, professionally guided by the department of Clinical Laboratory and assisted by the Service Center as well as the Information Center was established. We analyzed the quality of the blood samples before examination in August 2017 in a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital, and used the action study method of planning, action, observation and reflection as the axis to intervene. After 3 cycles, the number of unqualified blood samples of inpatients from August 2017 to August 2018 were compared.

Results
The unqualified rate of blood samples had an overall downward trend during the period from August 2017 to August 2018, and there was statistical difference before and after intervention (P<0.01) .

Conclusions
Multidisciplinary team collaboration provides guarantee for the improvement of blood samples quality before examination, and the application of action study method regulate the quality of blood samples in each procedure before examination and effectively reduce the unqualified rate of the blood samples.

Key words:
Blood sample; Multidisciplinary team; Action study method; Before examination; Quality management


The invention relates to a method for preparing high-purity ferric chloride. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, organic iron is taken as raw material and is purified through sublimation or distillation; secondly, the organic iron is carbonized to form Fe/C powders under certain temperature; thirdly, the Fe/C powders are reacted with high-purity hydrochloride and oxidant to generate ferric chloride aqueous solution containing carbon powders; and fourthly, the carbon powders are separated out through filtering, and filtrate is concentrated to obtain the high-purity ferric chloride. The method is very efficient to prepare the high-purity ferric chloride, and has larger industrial production prospect.


It is with profound grief, shared not only by ourselves but by the whole medical and scientific world, that we sit down to write a short memoir of Edmund Alexander Partes, who died at his residence, Bitterne, near Southampton, on the 15th of March, having nearly completed his 57th year. He survived the death of his wife, which took place in 1870, but he has left no family. Independent of the fact of his having been for some years Editor of this ' Review,' and one of its most valued contributors, his useful and lasting labours in the cause of humanity entitle the memory of this great and good man to more than a passing notice. Short and fragmentary accounts of his life and works have already appeared in the medical journals of this country and the Continent; but we want more?we want a detailed account of the unselfish life and labours of a man, who during his career commanded the respect of the civilised world and, at his death, universal regret. We must express a hope that some personal friend who knew him well will write his biography for the benefit of future generations, or even as a stimulus to the student of medicine; but at any rate his writings will remain as monuments of patience, industry, and learning, and they will proclaim his greatness. Dr. Parkes, though he did not often suffer from serious illness, never


The vertebrate hindbrain is segmented into rhombomeres (r) initially defined by distinct domains of gene expression. Previous studies have shown that noise-induced gene regulation and cell sorting are critical for the sharpening of rhombomere boundaries, which start out rough in the forming neural plate (NP) and sharpen over time. However, the mechanisms controlling simultaneous formation of multiple rhombomeres and accuracy in their sizes are unclear. We have developed a stochastic multiscale cell-based model that explicitly incorporates dynamic morphogenetic changes (i.e. convergent-extension of the NP), multiple morphogens, and gene regulatory networks to investigate the formation of rhombomeres and their corresponding boundaries in the zebrafish hindbrain. During pattern initiation, the short-range signal, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), works together with the longer-range morphogen, retinoic acid (RA), to specify all of these boundaries and maintain accurately-sized segments with sharp boundaries. At later stages of patterning, we show a nonlinear change in the shape of rhombomeres with rapid left-right narrowing of the NP followed by slower dynamics. Rapid initial convergence improves boundary sharpness and segment size by regulating cell sorting and cell fate both independently and coordinately. Overall, multiple morphogens and tissue dynamics synergize to regulate the sizes and boundaries of multiple segments during development. Author Summary In segmental pattern formation, chemical gradients control gene expression in a concentration-dependent manner to specify distinct gene expression domains. Despite the stochasticity inherent to such biological processes, precise and accurate borders form between segmental gene expression domains. Previous work has revealed synergy between gene regulation and cell sorting in sharpening borders that are initially rough. However, it is still poorly understood how size and boundary sharpness of multiple segments are regulated in a tissue that changes dramatically in its morphology as the embryo develops. Here we develop a stochastic multiscale cell-base model to investigate these questions. Two novel strategies synergize to promote accurate segment formation, a combination of long- and short-range morphogens plus rapid tissue convergence, with one responsible for pattern initiation and the other enabling pattern refinement.


Purpose: The effects of non-operation treatment on the stress urinary incontinence is low by 20-50%. And the way of operation has higher recovery, but it also has problems of the aftereffects and invasive aspects. So It is demanded for improvement of non-invasive to relieve this disease. Methods: The patient was 55-year-old woman who had suffered from incontinence six years ago. The patient was diagnosed by stress urinary incontinence, and treated by Herbal medicine and acupuncture treatment. The progress of symtoms was evaluated by checking the score of doing multiplication the severity and the frequency. Results: After the oriental medical treatments, the clinical score of stress urinary incontinence was improved from 12 to 0. Conclusion: This study shows that the oriental medicine may be considered for the non-invasive of stress urinary incontinence, and the study of effect is more needed.


The combustion characteristics of compressed natural gas (CNG) in a direct microchannel-injection engine under various operating conditions were investigated. In this study, a novel idea for direct CNG microchannel injection was realized with spark plug fuel injector (SPFI). It is a device developed to convert engine to CNG direct injection (DI) operation with minimal cost and technical simplicity. It was installed and tested on a Ricardo E6 single cylinder engine with compression ratio of 10.5:1 without modification on the original engine structure. The engine test was carried out under various operation conditions at 1100 rpm. Burning rates of CNG were measured using normalized combustion pressure method by which the normalized pressure rise due to combustion is equivalent to the mass fraction burned (MFB) at the specific crank angle. The results showed that the MFB of CNG direct injection is substantially faster but initially slower than the ones of port injection. The optimal fuel injection and ignition timings are 190 °CA ATDC and 25 °CA BTDC respectively. The optimal injection pressure was 6 MPa. Combustion durations were not changed with different injection pressures but ignition delay was affected. There was no direct correlation between injection pressure and ignition delay which is most probably due to the effect of charge flow difference. Changing mixture stoichiometry affects the magnitude of ignition delay. Combustion duration, on the other hand increases with leaner mixture.


Abstract We report the synthesis and evaluation of a novel hydrophilic 6,6′-bis(1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)-2,2′-bipyridine (BTBP) ligand containing carboxylate groups as a selective aqueous complexing agent for the minor actinides over lanthanides. The novel ligand is able to complex and separate Am(III) from Eu(III) in alkaline solutions selectively.


37 Background: Breast Cancer recurrences following radiation are seen in the first three to five years after treatment. As part of our Survivorship Program, annual screening mammography is a guideline following treatment with the exception of those patients who undergo bilateral mastectomy. To evaluate compliance with this guideline, we followed patients treated in 2012 for breast cancer at our institution, over the five-year period through 2017. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with breast cancer in 2012 was conducted and annual mammography was assessed for compliance for a period of five-years. Compliance was defined as having annual mammography screening for five years, until recurrence or until death. Results: 252 patients were treated for Breast Cancer in 2012. Of these, 15 patients had follow-up elsewhere. 4 patients had metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and were not included. 3 patients with male breast cancer had no mammographic follow-up. 5 patients had bilateral mastectomies and were excluded leaving 225 patients followed for compliance. Of the 225 evaluable patients, 134 (59.5%) were compliant with mammography. 126 (56.0%) had a full five years of follow-up and had no recurrent breast cancer. 158 (70.2%) had four years of follow-up. 168 patients (74.7%) had three years of follow-up. 178 (79.1%) had two years of follow-up. 190 (84.4%) had at least one year of follow-up. 14 (6.2%) died before the five year follow-up of causes not related to breast cancer. 7 (3.1%) developed metastatic disease during follow-up and no additional mammography was carried out. 7 had ipsilateral recurrence, 3 had contralateral recurrence (4.4%). Conclusions: In an upper-middle class population that is well insured and should be compliant, only 59.5% of eligible patients were compliant with mammography for five-years, until recurrence or death. Since almost 5% of patients in this cohort recurred in the breast, follow-up with annual mammography is critical. The Survivorship Care Plan (SCP) discussion with the patient is a strategy to address compliance with annual follow-up. Future studies are planned to re-evaluate compliance with annual mammography.


Present observe describes the effect of temperature, water, light and darkness on seed germination in Luffa cylindrica M. Roem. (Cucurbitaceae). Seed germination is a Physico-chemical manner by using which the dormant embryo of the seed resumes active increase and forms seedling. Hormones are special organic materials related with increase associated occasions of flora ABA (abscisic acid.) is one among them. Seeds germination is adversely affected by the presence of abscisic acid. Auxins are control many features in flowers. Vernalization cuts the vegetative segment to result in flowering ensuing in elevated yield. Flowering is caused by florigen which synthesized with the aid of leaves. Stress is a temporary section which may be skilled by plant in any country of development. Water pressure can be as a result of lack or excess of water. On hydration, the seeds swell to mucilage formation. Excess or loss of salt results in salt stress. Commentary of plant growth is recorded after 15- 90 days and unearths that 1st pot offers first-class consequences. Due to this pot are installed environmental situation for statement of temperature effect, on seed germination & find that in early period of increase i.e. before flowering pots having most effective soil at 250C temperature showed better boom of root and better variety of leaves and large length of leaves. However later period pot having soil supplemented with bio-fertilizer and special temperature condition than circulate seed have germination but plant increase is lower. That result suggests bio-fertilizer and temperature is more effect at the boom of plants.


Well, all true in a way, but how much it leaves out, not least the ending of Bond's new play (first perfonned at the Royal Court Theatre, London, 2 July 1981), which is on a high and sombre note. If, as Bond once said, The Sea dealt with tragedy but was a comedy, then Restoration deals with comedy but is a tragedy. More precisely, it begins as an extremely funny parody of a familiar comic mode and, without ever quite parting company with the comic, moves inexorably closer to melodrama -the pure, primitive melodrama of the early nineteenth century to which Bond gives another dimension by the force of his wit.


Traumatic elbow joint luxation is the displacement of one or more bones forming the elbow joint due to blunt trauma, and it is uncommon in dogs and rare in cats. Although there are numerous case series in dogs, a few feline reports have been described. The aim of this study is to present the results of the clinical, radiological findings and administered treatments in cats with traumatic elbow luxation. Six cats with a diagnosis of traumatic elbow luxation due to clinical and radiological examinations were included in this study. Two acute cases were treated with closed reduction, but it was not possible to achieve reduction by close manipulation in four chronic cases. Two of the chronic cases, the lateral collateral ligament was repaired with a 2/0 polypropylene suture. The lateral collateral ligament was beyond to repair in 2 of the remaining chronic cases; in one of these cases the stability was achieved with circumferential wire prostheses, in other case with two screw and figure-eight-wire technique. There was no failure and/or complication in none of the cases after treatment. In conclusion, when the closed reduction is unsuccessful for the treatment of traumatic elbow luxation or in chronic cases, open reduction is found satisfactory.


The invention discloses a 2-substituted pyridyl-1,2,4-triazol [1,2-a] pyridazine compound. The compound is shown in a formula I. The compound has excellent herbicidal activity, and the control efficiency on broadleaf weeds abutilon and edible amaranth can be up to over 95% when a part of compound is applied to preemergence soil treatment or foliage treatment after germination at the dosage of 45g ai/ha. The soil treatment employing the compound is safe to soybean, corn and cotton, and the foliage treatment is safe to corn. Thus, the compound can be developed as a candidate herbicide, especially a corn field herbicide.


PURPOSE: A method for constructing tunnel using a precast concrete panel is provided to enhance the handling and constructability of a precast concrete panel and solve the weakness of a connecting portion since the precast concrete panel can be transported and held with a small crane. CONSTITUTION: A method for constructing tunnel using a precast concrete panel is as follows. Timbering(10) consisting of a first longitudinal frame and a second transversal frame is installed(S10). A plurality of precast concrete panels(20) are held on the timbering, and rebar is further connected. Concrete is placed on a space between the precast concrete panels to bind them(S20). If the curing of concrete is completed and a tunnel(100) is made, then the timbering is removed(S30).


Perhaps more than any other social movement, Luddism epitomizes the complex nexus between technology and culture. Between 1811 and 1817, disparate and apparently unconnected machine-breaking movements appeared in the English Midlands, Lancashire, Cheshire and surrounding areas in the northwest, and the West Riding of Yorkshire. Each appearance expressed a different set of social and economic demands, and each reflected the situation of a different occupational group threatened either by the introduction of new machinery or by new production techniques. In the Midlands, framework knitters protested against wide stocking frames; in the northwest, weavers threatened steam-powered looms; and in Yorkshire's West Riding, croppers attacked shearing frames and gig mills. While the timing and location of Luddism's appearance is a matter of general agreement, its meaning is much more difficult to assess and debates about its significance are much more highly charged. Luddism indeed has become a prism through which each historian's prejudices, predispositions, and political persuasions are refracted. It is, after all, not very difficult to discern the political presuppositions behind E. P. Thompson's famous depiction of the Luddites as "an army of redressers," or, at the other extreme, Malcolm Thomis's description of the limited success of the Nottingham Luddites as a "reign of terror." The approach offered in this collection of Luddite documents differs markedly from both of these previous treatments. Kevin Binfield, an English professor, applies linguistic and rhetorical analytical techniques to the collection and study of Luddite writings. As a result, this disciplinary leap into a hotly debated historical issue entails both the advantages and disadvantages of a fresh, albeit inexperienced, eye. The great advantage is that it brings together and makes available for the first time the scattered and unusual documents that comprise the bulk of primary evidence surviving from the Luddites. A good portion of the material, as one would expect, is drawn from the correspondence files of the Home Office, but a significant part of the remainder is reproduced from contemporary newspapers and B O O K R E V I E W S


Earth‐abundant and air‐stable Cu2BaSnS4−xSex (CBTSSe) and related thin‐film absorbers are regarded as prospective options to meet the increasing demand for low‐cost solar cell deployment. Devices based on vacuum‐deposited CBTSSe absorbers have achieved record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.2% based on a conventional device structure using CdS buffer and i‐ZnO/indium tin oxide (ITO) window layers, with open‐circuit voltage (VOC) posing the major bottleneck for improving solar cell performance. The current study demonstrates a >20% improvement in VOC (from 0.62 to 0.75 V) and corresponding enhancement in PCE (from 5.1% to 6.2% without antireflection coating; to 6.5% with MgF2 antireflection coating) for solution‐deposited CBTSSe solar cells. This performance improvement is realized by introducing an alternative successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction‐deposited Zn1−xCdxS buffer combined with sputtered Zn1−xMgxO/Al‐doped ZnO window/top contact layer, which offers lower electron affinities relative to the conventional CdS/i‐ZnO/ITO stack and better matching with the low electron affinity of CBTSSe. A combined experimental (temperature‐ and light intensity‐dependent VOC measurements) and device simulation (SCAPS‐1D) evaluation points to the importance of addressing relative band offsets for both the buffer and window layers relative to the absorber in mitigating interfacial recombination and optimizing CBTSSe solar cell performance.


Objective: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease associated with several anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), including those in the classification criteria [anti-centromere, anti-topoisomerase I (Scl-70), anti-RNA Pol III]. However, the presence of less common antibodies such as anti-fibrillarin (U3-RNP), that generate a clumpy nucleolar pattern by HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA, ICAP AC-9), are considered disease specific and are with clinical subsets of SSc, therefore playing a role in diagnosis and prognosis. A specific and sensitive anti-fibrillarin assay would be an important addition to serological diagnosis and evaluation of SSc. The goal of this study was to evaluate a new particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT) for the measurement of anti-fibrillarin antibodies Methods: A total of 149 patient samples were collected including 47 samples from France (Lyon and Paris, n=32) and Italy (Careggi Hospital, Florence, n=15) selected based on AC-9 HEp-2 IFA staining (>1:640, clumpy nucleolar pattern) and 102 non-SSc controls [inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) n=20, Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) n=20, infectious disease (ID) n=7, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) n=17, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) n=17, and healthy individuals (HI) n=21]. All samples were tested on the anti-fibrillarin PMAT assay (research use only, Inova Diagnostics, USA). Additionally, the 47 anti-fibrillarin positive samples were also tested on PMAT assays for detecting other autoantibodies in ANA-associated rheumatic diseases (AARD). Anti-fibrillarin antibody data performed by fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (FEIA, Thermo Fisher, Germany) was available for 34 samples. Results: The anti-fibrillarin PMAT assay was positive in 31/32 (96.9%, France) and 12/15 (80.0 %, Italy) of samples preselected based on the AC-9 IIF pattern. Collectively, the PMAT assay showed 91.5% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 80.1-96.6%] sensitivity with 100.0% (95% CI: 96.4-100.0%) specificity in non-SSc controls. Strong agreement was found between PMAT and FEIA with 100.0% positive qualitative agreement (34/34) and quantitative agreement (Spearman's rho=0.89, 95% CI:0.77.9-0.95%, p<0.0001). Although most anti-fibrillarin positive samples were mono-specific (69.8%), some expressed additional antibodies (namely Scl-70, centromere, dsDNA, Ro52, Ro60, SS-B, Ribo-P, DFS70, and EJ). Conclusion: The new PMAT assay had high level of agreement to FEIA for the detection of anti-fibrillarin antibodies. Further studies are warranted to investigate the clinical associations and performance of the new method in combination with other critical markers in the SSc panel.


Bone scintigraphy with Tc-99m MDP is used increasingly in suspected child-abuse cases to detect osseous injury. Pelvic fractures in battered children are rarely reported in the medical literature. The authors describe rib and pelvic fractures on bone scintigraphs of a 5-year-old boy who was physically abused. The initial skeletal survey and CT scans head were normal, but physical examination showed multiple bruises with a lordodic posture and an abnormal gait. Whole-body bone scintigraphy was subsequently performed and showed multiple osseous injuries including pelvic fractures. When the skeletal survey does not show convincing evidence of intentional skeletal trauma and child abuse is strongly suspected, bone scintigraphy should be performed promptly.


Fujikura has developed a variety of optical transceivers for telecommunication, optical access network, and data communication. We also have developed optical transmission equipment such as a media converter, video transmission equipment, PON equipment for FTTH, and an apparatus for a virtual private network (VPN). This paper reviews recent developments of the above equipment and modules; (1) 40 Gbit/s RZ-DQPSK transponder for optical transport networks, (2) AOC (active optical cable) for data centers and manufacturing facilities, and (3) VPN apparatus that realizes VPN connection over the wide-area IP network.


The interfacial arc-microcracks have large influence on the behaviors of cermets. The emerging cause of arc-microcracks is interpreted and the interaction between ceramic particles and arc-microcracks is accounted for determining the equivalent eigen strains by using the random two phase element method. Then the effective volumetric modulus and shear modulus of the cermets is estimated. The results show the effective volumetric modulus and shear modulus of the cermets is associated with the stiffness of the matrix and ceramic particles, the volume fractions of ceramic particles and arc-microcracks, the subtending angle and thickness of arc-microcrack..


In this work we examine the problem that electricity generators face when offering power at multiple locations into an electricity market. The amount of power offered at each node can affect the price at the other node, so it is important to optimize all offers simultaneously. Even with perfect information (i.e. known demand, and known offers from competitors) this is a non-convex bi-level optimization problem. We first show how this can be formulated as an integer program using special ordered sets of type 2 (SOS2) enabling this problem to be solved efficiently. We then extend this work to allow for uncertainty, and hence find the profit maximising offer stacks at each node (as opposed to a single quantity, as in the deterministic case). We demonstrate the intuition that we can gain from this model in a simple two-node example, and discuss extensions to this work such as the co-optimization of reserve and generation, as well as demand-side bidding.


Taming lactobacillus is conducive to its better adjustment in soymilk.We aimed at producing soya-yogurt by using soybean as original material and lactobacillus as starter.Different taming methods were used in the thesis such as increasing the concerntration of soya-bean milk,subculturing and adding the enzymatic hydrolysates of soy peptide.Through a series of indicators,such as,absorbance titration acidity,pH,meilan reduction bleaching time and viscosity,the effects of three methods on the growth and acid production of lactobacillus were compared.The results showed that the three methods had great promotion effect on the growth of lactobacillus in soya-yogurt,and the effect of adding the enzymatic hydrolysates soy peptide showed most significant.The acidity after taming reached to 70°T and Meilan reduction bleaching time was shorten from more than 200min to 40min.


The failure to involve users in research and development (R&D) processes continues to be a major reason for unsuccessful R&D. This failure can be understood by focusing on regimes (comprising heuristics, rules and routines) that orient and coordinate the activities of actors with regard to innovations. We describe the case of a pill for celiac disease patients and show that the conception and development of the pill was shaped by a technological regime that provides R&D actors with rules to routinely acquire relevant information about users and the market. Reserved patient organisations did not play a role. To understand the reserved reception of the pill, we elaborate the concept of a use regime. The reservations are understood as an expression of an existing diet-based use regime that guides the way the target group of the pill is currently dealing with celiac disease. The lack of interaction between the R&D actors in the consortium and the patient organisation appears to be a manifestation of the lack of alignment between the technological and use regimes. Based the regime literature, finally, three scenarios for the future development of the pill are discussed.


This study evaluates a passenger's exposure to particles and noise on Singapore's double-decker buses when choosing to travel on the upper or lower deck. Clean and calm journeys are vital to make public buses a choice mode of transport. In the case of Singapore, as in many other cities, double-deckers are in common use and comprise a large fraction of the total public transport ridership. Exposure to noise levels and concentrations of fine particles (PM 2.5 ), equivalent black carbon (eBC) and number of particles (as a proxy of ultrafine particles, UFP) were simultaneously measured on both decks. Concentrations of particle-bound polycyclic hydrocarbons and particles' active surface area were also measured to investigate the combustion fingerprint of the particles and their average size. Concentrations of PM 2.5 on the upper deck exceeded up to 50% (18 µ g m –3 ) those on the lower deck. Concentrations of eBC were higher on the upper deck up to 12% (0.6 µ g m –3 ), but on occasions were 40% (0.9 µ g m –3 ) lower. In contrast, UFP often measured in slightly higher concentrations ( ∼ 8%, 1000 # cm –3 ) on the lower deck. Noise levels were always ∼ 5 dBA higher downstairs. Particle loads responded to the intake of outdoor air by the air conditioning system, while sharp increases were observed on both decks every time the doors were opened to pick up and drop off passengers. In the case of the assessed route, which started and ended in fully enclosed terminals, the infiltration of particles emitted by arriving and departing buses contributed critically to the loads of PM 2.5 on the upper deck. Improvements in the ventilation system on both decks, changes in engine operation at bus terminals, and faster boarding at bus stops through better coordination of bus services will reduce the load of particles to which passengers are exposed on double-decker buses.


In accordance with the study of the theory of the large area air defense,the position and function of the terminal defense in the system of the large area air defense in the future air defense were analyzed.The terminal defense is the important component of the large area air defense,the last defense line of the large area air defense,and the significant measure of annihilating enemy's aerial warfare weapon and covering the important targets.Through analyzing the characteristics of the modern air raid,the demand for the development of the air defense weapon and equipment in implementation of the terminal defense was put forward.


Background Giant cell arteritis (GCA) represents the most common vasculitis in adults over age of 50 years in Europe. Recently the diagnostic options greatly improved with the implementation of imaging techniques such as colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDS) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT). Objectives The aim of our single centre prospective study was to determine the incidence of GCA in well-defined Slovenian region, based on the temporal artery (TA) biopsy (TAB) and/or the result of CDS and/or PET/CT. Methods The study was conducted at University medical centre Ljubljana (UMC Ljubljana), that represents the only secondary/tertiary centre in a region, serving a population of 3 23 297 residents aged 50 years or more (1 76 104 females and 1 47 193 males). Patients with suspected GCA are referred either to the Department of Rheumatology, or in case of severe visual disturbances, to the Department of Ophthalmology. In the analysis we included all GCA cases diagnosed between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2017. The diagnosis of cranial GCA (c-GCA) was established with the help of American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1990 classification criteria, positive TAB and/or TA CDS. Cases of extracranial large vessel vasculitis (lv-GCA) were diagnosed using CDS of branches of the aortic arch and/or PET-CT. Results During the six-year observation we identified 169 new GCA cases (66.3% females), with a median (IQR) age of 75.1 (68.6–80.0) years. Forty-two (24.8%) patients had lv-GCA, and the others had c-GCA. One-hundred and thirty-nine patients (24 lv-GCA and 115 c-GCA) fulfilled ACR 1990 classification criteria. The others patients had positive arterial CDS or PET-CT (18 CDS, 9 CDS and PET-CT, 3 PET-CT). TAB was performed in 119 patients and was positive in 88.2%. Clinical characteristics of our GCA cases are presented in table 1. The estimated annual incidence rate of GCA was 8.7 per 1 00 000 adults aged ≥50 years (95% CI 7.5–10.1), in c-GCA 6.5 per 100.000 adults aged ≥50 years (95% CI 5.5–7.8) and in lv-GCA 2.2 per 100.000 aged ≥50 years (95% CI 1.6–2.9).Abstract AB0685 – Table 1 Characteristics of GCA cohort Legend: GCA giant cell arteritis; Iv-GCA extracranial large vessel GCA; c-GCA cranial GCA; PMR polymyalgia rheumatica; TA temporal artery; $ TA tenderness or decresed pulse; TAB temporal artery biopsy; CDS colour Doppler sonography; ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ACR American Colleague of Rheumatology; # median (interquartile range); Conclusions GCA is the most common vasculitis in adults aged 50 years or above, with an annual incidence rate of 8.7 per 100.000. c-GCA is nearly 3 times more common than lv-GCA. Disclosure of Interest None declared


A plan for medium-term financing of international trade that does not require the use of dollars has recently been developed by a group of European bankers in consultation with experts of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. The principal author presents the plan here, except for slight retouches, in its original form of a study prepared in 1948 in connection with discussions which took place in the Permanent Economic Committee of the World Federation of United Nations Associations (WFUNA).


Abstract:This article investigates the presence of Amazonian imagery in Statius' Achilleid. It begins by uncovering intertexts to Aeneid 1 in the arrival of Ulysses and Diomedes on Scyros (Ach. 1.726–58), which create a layer of erotic tension that is vital for the interpretation of the ensuing simile comparing Achilles, Deidamia, and Lycomedes' daughters with Amazons (Ach. 1.758–60). A comprehensive analysis of the simile allows a re-examination of Statius' echoes to the portrayals of Hippolyte and Theseus in Thebaid 12, and draws attention to previously unnoticed parallels with Virgil's Aeneid. The final section of the article examines the broader context of the Amazon simile, eliciting intertextual points of contact with Ovid's Metamorphoses 7 and Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica 5, emphasising in particular the importance of the underlying recruitment theme. Statius' deployment of Amazonian imagery in the Achilleid is seen to be intrinsically tied to the poem's gender fluidity, and the poet's innovative narrative technique.


We generalize the recently developed inchworm quantum Monte Carlo method to the full Keldysh contour with forward, backward, and equilibrium branches to describe the dynamics of strongly correlated impurity problems with time dependent parameters. We introduce a method to compute Green's functions, spectral functions, and currents for inchworm Monte Carlo and show how systematic error assessments in real time can be obtained. We then illustrate the capabilities of the algorithm with a study of the behavior of quantum impurities after an instantaneous voltage quench from a thermal equilibrium state.


Files of our country have long been in closed position and not well applied.It is now essential to transform the application of the old files to adapt to the development of making government affairs public online.We may start from attaching importance to the file receiver's status,establishing the current files browser center and government websites to integrate the file management.These will fully create the applied values of the files for development of the times.


Addendum to "German Law Books of the Middle Ages and their Manuscripts". The article describes variations to the manuscripts and single leaves listed in U.-D. Oppitz's "Deutsche Rechtsbücher des Mittelalters", vol. II, Cologne 1990. It presents recently discovered manuscripts and single leaves of German-language customary law books. Special attention should be paid to No. 1214a, which contains sketches from a Zodiac manuscript on four leaves.


ABSTRACT Conventional cellulose diacetate filter tips of cigarette (CDFTC) are poor filtration performance of toxic compounds. However, environmentally benign filter tips can be made by replacing cellulose diacetate fibers with various types of natural fibers. In the present work, the blocking and filtering effect of natural fibers such as cotton and wool was examined with regards to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present cigarette smoke. Using various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Fluorescence detection, the blocking and filtering mechanisms were investigated in detail. The results showed that compared with CDFTC, the filter tips made from natural fibers (cotton or wool) were investigated superior at filtering out toxic particles, which is mainly due to the natural twist or crimp along with their longitudinal directions. The efficiency of PHAs removal by the cotton and wool fibers reached 71.0% (with absorption of up to 71.0 µg cig−1) and 60.5% (with absorption of up to 60.5 µg cig−1), respectively. Compared with the Zhongnanhai filter tip used in this study (54.0%), the filtration efficiency of the cotton and wool fibers was increased by 17.0% and 6.5%, respectively.


The invention discloses a network manager topological data synchronous refreshing method, comprising: client end transmits client-end data flag and corresponding status flag to server end; the server end compares the client-end status flag with server-end status flag and returns server-end data corresponding to data flag different from the status flag; the client end updates local data according to the received server-end data. And it also discloses a corresponding synchronous refreshing system. And it only transmits the changed data when synchronously refreshing data, largely reducing data interaction caused by synchronous data refreshing and reducing network consumption and whole time consumption. Thus, it also reduces the possibility of service loss in the data synchronizing course.


The interaction of imazaquin (2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid) and imazethapyr ((±)-2-4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid ) with clay suspensions and humic acid was studied using a batch equilibrium method and by fluorescence emission spectroscopy []


Some evidence shows that raising per capita income doesn't increase people's happiness,which is contradict with traditional absolute income-utility theorem.But inducting the comparative income-utilty maybe lead to no means to the economy increasing.In order to solve this problem,we can introduce comparison income theory.But the solution is so dangerous that we have to look for another way.What's more,if social policies' aim is to realize the greatest happiness of most people,we should pay more attention to increasing people's happiness than economic growth.


In 2018, the Chinese economy grew to equivalence to the economy of the euro area or two-thirds of the economy of the United States and accounted for 16 per cent of the global economy. With a growth rate of 6.1 per cent in 2019—higher than any other major economy—the Chinese economy further raised its importance in the world economy. At the same time, China's gross domestic product (GDP) per capita exceeded US$10,000—significantly above the average level of the upper middleincome countries.1


It is a challenge to improve accuracy while maintaining high efficiency in a 3K compound planetary reduction gearbox with a high reduction ratio. In this paper, we focus on the traction drive with the same transmission structure and propose a hybrid of traction drive and a 3K compound planetary reduction gearbox. As a result, besides conventional high torque transmission and high efficiency, minute torque transmission is also possible. In this paper, the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism was confirmed by experimenting forward drive efficiency and backlash.


AlGaAs/GaAs tunneling emitter bipolar transistors (TEBT's), grown by molecular beam epitaxy, have been fabricated. Device structures with two different tunneling barrier Al mole fractions and each for two different barrier thicknesses were characterized at room temperature. A differential current gain of 410 was achieved using a single 50 A AlAs tunneling barrier. Devices with either thinner barriers (20 A) or Al0.38Ga0.62As barriers had lower gains. Al0.24Ga0.76As/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors and GaAs homojunction bipolar transistors without tunneling barriers were also fabricated and characterized, for comparison. The performance of the homojunction devices was improved in all cases by inserting the tunneling barrier. The variations of the base and collector currents were measured for all devices and, for the TEBT's they showed a functional dependence on the interfacial barrier Al mole fraction and thickness, which was attributed to carrier tunneling through the barrier. Furthermore, the abov...


In this paper, we characterize a phoxonic crystal for guiding the TM-polarized light and acoustic waves at the same time through the band gap effect. The structure is made of Tungsten and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) which show a good contrast in their refractive indices and elastic constants. That makes it possible to fabricate the structure with a low filling fraction. High filling fraction is a problem in the fabrication process. This structure shows a complete phononic band gap with a TM-polarized photonic band gap. A waveguide with an angle of 90 degree is defined that shows light and sound can propagate through the structure without any distribution. For the simulation, finite element (FE) method, plane wave expansion (PWE) and finite difference time domain (FDTD) are used. Localization of light and sound in sub-micron structures enhance the interaction of photon and phonon through effects like photo-elastic effect (PE).


Semiotic discourse (Idris Aman, 2008) is part of discourse process used to deliver a message on such an issue. Semiotic discourse consists of photographs, graphic illustrations, symbols and icons as it can be accessed visually by the audience of the particular blog site. Graphic illustrations featured in Sabahkini.net purposely displayed to portray local political issues, personalities and also political party through particular 'sign'(s). An audience's understanding of the issues discussed via blog tested through the display of sign woven in the photograph accompanying the article. Blogger put the visual material to increase understanding on the issue of blog visitors or is likely to present issues in a joke. Hence, the blog site visitors will be graphically stimulated to share their views and arguments on such an issue.


Contemporary defenders of "nation-building" draw a sharp distinction between the "new" and "old" versions of that political practice. The old nation-building, in which a foreign power would design the institutional and legal architecture of another political community without its consent, is widely viewed as an imperialist enterprise motivated by a mixture of self-interest and patronizing nobless oblige, which paid lip-service to the right of self-determination. The new nation-building, as propounded by Noah Feldman, Michael Ignatieff, and Simon Chesterman, aims to further liberal democracy rather than undermine it, and structures the obligations of the occupying (not imperial) power such that they must take the right to self-determination seriously. However, a fundamental conceptual challenge to this view of the new nation-building may undermine its sharp distinction between new and old: the new version presupposes that who the people are who possess the right to self-determination and wish to exercise it is an uncontroversial question. Using case studies from Iraq, Sri Lanka, Yugoslavia, and Canada, the author argues that certain old imperial dilemmas inhere in the very project of nation-building, because even the procedural task of establishing durable democratic institutions presupposes a substantive judgement regarding what the boundaries of the relevant political community are. This task proves problematic in multinational states such as those considered by the author.


A reconfigurable active retrodirective/direct conversion receiver array is presented. The system can serve as both a retrodirective array transponder and a direct conversion receiver simply by changing the frequency of the LO applied to the mixers. In the retrodirective array mode, the circuit provides 20 dB gain and 20 dB RF-IF isolation. The mixers perform phase-conjugation and modulation simultaneously. When operating as a direct conversion receiver, both I and Q channels are successfully recovered.