The UK National Health Service (NHS) has been slow at adopting seemingly well-evidenced innovation. A great deal of energy and resources have gone into understanding the issues behind the failure to adopt innovation in the NHS. In recent times Accelerated Access Review (AAR) identified new barriers to innovation and put forward solutions at both local and national levels (Department of Health and Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, 2017). Scholars and policy-makers have investigated the majority of the obstacles to adopting innovation in the NHS and results have appeared in multiple outlets over the last twenty years. Innovation within the NHS have mostly been judged on a least-cost basis or presumed to yield a positive return in the very first year. Some scholars also point to the fact that most perspectives on innovation deem it as a luxury rather than a routine part of the operational management.

The failure to successfully adopt innovations is costing taxpayers and despite so many obstacles well documented, the NHS is still struggling to overcome the scale of innovation. To this concern, my research is an attempt to better understand the process of innovation adoption in healthcare. Using a year-long field study at one of the largest UK-based University Hospitals, I have explored the process of adoption of electronic medicine chart (EMEDs) designed to replace traditional paper-based systems. Based on three groups of non-clinical and clinical stakeholders, I have developed a multi-view perspective of the adoption process.

Exploring the perspectives of both the clinical users (doctors, nurses, and pharmacists) and technology (clinical and non-clinical) implementer groups, I have developed a multi-view perspective of the adoption process. To address the struggles and complexity of the adoption process underpinning the implementation of innovation in hospitals, my research has advanced a socio-cognitive perspective through examining the groups of technology implementers and technology users. Currently, a body of research exists which has examined the adoption of innovation underpinning implementation in firms. The literature has tended to provide economic-based theories of rational action by focussing on channels through which technical or economic benefits are communicated as a means to propagate its adoption. An alternative to economic-based explanations, the institutional theory perspectives have identified forces triggering adoption, irrespective of the innovation's technical, work-related, or economic benefits to the adopter. Contributing to the growing interest in socio-cognitive perspective, my research through interactive framing has examined the groups of technology implementers and technology users. This has been done to develop an understanding of how actors 'make sense' of the process unfolding through them (the implementers and users). Having used Gioia methodology, I have utilised data collected through rich in-depth interviews of the actors during the process of implementation and adoption. The data collected have been used to build a data structure leading onto an interactive grounded theory model of EMEDs adoption. The model is built on three core dynamic framing activities – intrinsic, frictional and transitioning. Collectively they represent a cognitive transformation of all the actors involved and offer insight into the negotiated state and challenges of adoption process faced by both users and implementers in a complex organisation.


Polyesters consisting of substituted aromatic type Schiff base mesogenic unit andpolymethylene spacers were synthesized and their thermal transitions and liquid crystallineproperties were studied. The liquid crystalline behaviour has been characterized by differentialscanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical polarizing microscopy. Structural broadening bysubstitution of methoxy group in 2, 2" positions of the mesogenic core produce polymers withlower transition temperatures. Polymers synthesized from ortho and meta substituted phenylenediamine did not form a liquid crystal phase.


Abstract We present the results of experiments performed by keV ion (He and H) bombardment of frozen mixtures of H 2 O:CO 2 and of pure CO 2 ice. Using keV He ions we confirm the already reported measurement of carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ) production in an ice mixture of frozen water and carbon dioxide (1:1) after irradiation by 0.7 MeV H ions (Moore, M. H., and R. K. Khanna 1991. Spectrochim. Acta 47, 255–262; Moore, M. H., R. K. Khanna, and B. Donn 1991. J. Geophys. Res. E 96(2), 17,541–17,545.). Contrary to a previous report (Pirronello, V., W. L. Brown, L. J. Lanzerotti, K. J. Marcantonio, and E. H. Simmons 1982. Astrophys. J. 262, 636–640.), formaldehyde (H 2 CO), if any, is not a major product. Implantation with hydrogen ions demonstrates that carbonic acid is formed even if the irradiated target is pure CO 2 ; i.e., the implanted ion is incorporated into the target and forms new bonds. Some possible astrophysical applications on Solar System objects or (pre-solar) interstellar grains are discussed.


For the purpose of this study 80 male students among 150 populations were selected randomly from Innovative Gujarati medium school, Rajkot city. Their age was ranging between 13 to 16 years and verified with school record. Total 80 subjects were divided randomly in three experimental groups A, B, C and one control group D. each group consisted 20 subjects. Group A was Plyometric, group B resistive run, group C plyometric and resistive run combined group, whereas group D not given any type of training. Before and after of 16 weeks training period pre and post test was conducted by North Carolina motor fitness test was administrated and data of muscle strength and endurance in number of sit ups, speed and agility by number of side stepping, explosive strength in inches by standing broad jump, strength of hand and shoulder in numbers of modified pull ups and a capacity of body to move rapidly by number of squat thrust were collected. The obtained data was statistically analyzed by Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) to find out the significant difference between the mean scores. The level of significance to compare the F-value was set at 0.05. The results shown that plyometric group A was shown more effectiveness compare to other experimental group in effect on Bent knee sits ups, standing broad jump and squat thrust compare to two other experimental groups. Whereas Resistive run training group was more significant on side stepping compare to two other experimental groups. Keywords— Plyometric, Resistive Run, motor fitness


The utility model provides a packaging structure of an LED with high luminous efficiency, which belongs to the processing field of lighting equipment. The packaging structure comprises a base with a reflector cup, an LED chip is arranged at the center of the bottom of the reflector cup of the base, a fluorescent powder layer is coated on the surface of the LED chip, wherein the LED chip is shaped like a hollow concentric square, and the LED chip is adhered at the center of the bottom of the reflector cup of the base through an insulating adhesive. The structure can significantly improve the luminous efficiency of the LED.


A selection of 88 micromycetes belonging to various taxonomic groups was grown on malt-agar medium containing different lignin-related phenolic compounds (ferulic, protocatechuic, syringic and vanillic acids, catechol, guaiacol, and phenol) at concentrations ranging from 100 to 1000 mg/liter. Growth and morphological changes were recorded after 15 days of incubation. Behavior of fungi in contact with the different phenolics were compared. Some strains were very sensitive and might constitute specific or general bioindicators of pollution. The relationships between origin of isolates or constitutive phenoloxidase activity and resistance or sensitivity of fungi to phenolics were researched. No evidence of implication of these two parameters was found.


Robust teaching strategies are needed in rural learning ecologies to deepen students' attainment of Information and Communication Technology concepts in social studies due to the demands of the information age. Accordingly, this study utilized a quasi-experimental design to compare the effects of three instructional strategies on the conventional lecture method. 167 students participated in the study for ten weeks. Results affirm that concept-mapping instructional strategy is the most appropriate strategy to teach ICT concepts in rural learning ecologies. It was also observed that the treatment in this study was sensitive to gender and academic abilities.


Analyzes and summarizes the security problems facing the Internet of things, in the light of various problems existing in the Internet of things is further Deep studied, hope in the development of the network at the same time, we should pay attention to the security problem.


This paper presents a computational analysis within the framework of a type grammar for the treatment of Japanese particles. In Japanese, particles express a number of functional relations; they follow a word to indicate its relationship to other words in a sentence, and/or give that word a particular meaning. We explain our parsing technique and discuss about various constructions using case particles and focus particles. We show how troublesome phenomena such as scrambling and omission of case particles are treated.


The word ontology refers to the hierarchical structure of entities and their relationships. The entities are nodes and each node is dominated by their parent node in the hierarchical structure. The nodes are related by semantic and lexical relations such as synonymy, homonymy, meronymy, antonymy, etc. Hierarchical structure is created for different types of semantic domains. The top domains are entities, events, abstracts and relationals and the hierarchical structure is converted into a visual representation using tree viewer. This paper describes in detail about the building of ontological structure for Tamil vocabulary and how the ontological structure is converted in to a visual knowledge representation and user friendly retrieval system. All types of lexical and semantic relationship between lexical items are captured by using unique notations. The overall system is ontology based intelligent system for information retrieval and along with the ontology implementation, thesaurus based on ontology called as Onto-thesaurus also described in this paper. Onto-thesaurus tool plays effective role in information retrieval, researching and education platform, especially for teaching, training and learning purpose.


This article explores the relationship between experiences in book production (translation, writing, editing) and new academic disciplines (translation studies, history of the book) brought about by recent transformations in material and financial structures.


The question of aesthetic reference points of functioning of professional, amateur and avantguard-experimental video products is considered in article. The professional type of video creativity develops screen realism of the special property arising at the expense of strengthening ontologic representation of a precamera reality in a context of a traditional aesthetics. The amateur type of video creativity in its folklore variant finds out close interrelation with a daily occurrence aesthetics. Videoart as the experimental form of screen creativity, it is focused on a daily occurrence aesthetics


The importance of C, (panicoid) and C3 (festucoid) leaf anatomy to differences in in vitro dry matter digestibility (DMD) of grasses was assessed using two Australian summer-growing arid zone C4 grasses, Cymbopogon obtectus and Digitaria brownii, and two C3 grasses, Thyridolepis mitcheiliana and Monochather paradoxa. Seed of these sympatric species was collected from a 400 mZ area near Charleville, Qld. Thus the usual problem of confounding C4 and C3 type with species of different environmental adaptation was avoided in this study. Proportions of tissue types in leaf cross sections and DMD were measured for plants grown in a glasshouse under summer (k water stress) or winter ( - stress) conditions. Differences in tissue proportions due to C, and C3 leaf anatomy were greater than those induced by growth conditions. C4 leaves consistently had less mesophyll and more of the less-digestible epidermis, bundle sheath, sclerenchyma and vascular tissues. Water-stress resulted in leaves with an increased proportion of mesophyll, but differences in tissue proportions between summer- and winter-grown leaves were small. Species were divided into fast (D. brownii and 7, mitchelliana) and slow (C. obtectus and M. paradoxa) leaf development groups for comparison of DMD. Within each group the C3 species consistently had the highest leaf DMD, but across groups the difference of 18-27 days in time to develop a new leaf sometimes overrode the advantage to DMD of the Cj anatomy. Stem DMD did not differ consistently between C4 and C3 species. The DMD was highest for water-stressed material, and higher in winter- than summer-grown plants. The anatomy associated with either C4 tropical or C3 temperate grass genera clearly contributes to difference in DMD between leaves, but variation in DMD associated with leaf age or environment was only in part attributable to differences in tissue proporxions.


BACKGROUND
The benefit of chemotherapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer has not been established.

METHODS
We retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness of chemotherapy with capecitabine and bevacizumab for patients with a performance status (PS) of 3.

RESULTS
Seven patients were included; median age was 82 years (range, 65-91 years). Response was not ascertained; however, the disease control rate was 83.3%. Median PFS and OS were 10.0 and 25.8 months, respectively. Hand-foot syndrome was the most common toxicity observed (3 patients; 42.9%). Grade 3 toxicity was observed in 1 patient with proteinuria and 1 with hypertension.

CONCLUSION
Chemotherapy using capecitabine and bevacizumab appeared to improve OFS and OS for patients with poor PS. However, care must be taken not to impose unnecessary burdens on patients with poor PS.


The CSV file is a general file format.Usually,it is used in interaction among different programs.However,due to the limitation of the editor,the format of saved file always has been changed,and then affects the use of the CSV file.In this paper,VB6 is used to ensure that the format of a kind of CSV files does not be changed.


In the present work, odd-odd {sup 62,64,66}Cu nuclei have been studied in the framework of the interacting boson-fermion-fermion model (IBFFM). Odd-odd Cu nuclei have been described with the parameters obtained from the IBM calculation for even Ni nuclei and the IBFM description of odd mass Cu and Ni nuclei. A simple delta interaction has been assumed between the odd neutron and the odd proton in the odd-odd nuclei. The calculated excitation energy values and the magnetic moments of odd Cu and Ni nuclei in the IBFM are compared to show the effectiveness of the parameters in explaining the low energy structure of these nuclei. Excitation energy spectra, magnetic moment and spectroscopic factors for the single-nucleon transfer reaction have been calculated for the odd-odd nuclei and are compared with the corresponding experimental values. The results seem to indicate the ability of the model to explain the low energy structure of odd-odd Cu nuclei. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}


Personality traits of consumers may be important elements in the increasingly user-generated web for the engagement in this participatory media. Previous studies suggest three personality traitsextraversion, neuroticism and openness to experienceare related to uses of social applications like Facebook. The aim of current research is to evaluate the factors affecting consumer's social media engagement in terms of liking, commenting and sharing behavior on Facebook brand fan pages, and to evaluate the mediating role of interaction modes and to analyze the moderating role of culture, on relationship between personality traits and engagement behavior of consumers. Data was collected from 748 fans of 15 Facebook brand fan pages of five fast food brands operating in three different countries. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesis. Results revealed that modes of interaction significantly mediate the relationship between personality traits and social media engagement behaviors. While culture moderates this relationship. Results showed the highest impact of personality traits on social media engagement in UK than Australia, while their impact in lowest in USA. It is suggested that consumers of different countries having same personality traits respond differently to Facebook brand page post, specifically when considering the Facebook functions of


Abstract The chiral invariant Gross-Neveu model is a field theoretic model in two-dimensional space-time which exhibits dynamical generation of mass in conjunction with asymptotic freedom. By exploiting the Bethe-Ansatz technique, it has been possible to diagonalize exactly the Hamiltonian, classify the physical states and extract the factorizable S-matrix of the model. The present article, primarily a pedagogical introduction to the topic, is an expanded version of an invited talk given at the January, 1981, meeting of the American Physical Society, in New York.


Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a brief, time-limited therapy originally developed for use with adults diagnosed with major depression. During the past decade, IPT has been modified for use with many different age groups including adolescents diagnosed with depression. A number of empirical investigations have considered the use of interpersonal psychotherapy for adolescents (IPT-A) in the treatment of adolescents diagnosed with depression. This article provides mental health counselors with information about the prevalence and course of adolescent depression, other empirically tested treatments for adolescent depression, an explanation of IPT-A treatment protocol, and results of outcome studies on the effectiveness of IPT-A. Suggestions for future research investigations with IPT-A are offered. ********** Depressive disorders among adolescents are not uncommon. The onset of major depression often occurs in adolescence and by late adolescence the prevalence rate for depressive disorders is estimated between 6% and 9% (Kutcher & Marton, 1996). The onset for major depressive disorders (MDD) appears most likely between the ages of 13 and 19 (Birmaher, Ryan, & Williamson, 1996). As with adults, females tend to be impacted by these disorders at the rate of 2:1 (Mueller & Orvaschel, 1997). Depressive symptomology in adolescence is also the most significant factor in predicting depressive symptomology in adulthood (Mufson & Moreau, 1997). Research suggests that depression may have more harmful effects for adolescents than for adults (Schraedley, Gotlib, & Hayward, 1999). These statistics reflect the need for intentional and culturally appropriate treatment developed specifically to meet the needs of adolesents diagnosed with depression. The question becomes, What treatment modalities can mental health counselors use to best meet this need? Diagnostically, adolescent depression appears to mimic the characteristics of adult depression (Sands, 1998). Both adolescents and adults who are depressed appear to have chronic, recurring episodes, psychosocial impairments, disturbances in sleep and appetite, suicidal ideations, difficulties focusing, and depressed mood (Mufson & Moreau, 1997). Some key clinical characteristics, however, distinguish adolescent depressive symptomology from that of adults (Birmaher, Ryan, Williamson, Brent, et al., 1996). Adolescents who are depressed tend to exhibit more helplessness, despair, lack of pleasure, hypersomia, and changes in weight (Birmaher et al., 1996). Depressive disorders in adolescence also tend to be more episodic, with stages of depression followed by stages of better functioning (Mufson & Moreau, 1997). Adolescent depression is characterized by significant impairments in academic performance and relationships with others (Birmaher, Ryan, Williamson, Brent, et al., 1996). Depressive symptomology among adolescents may be associated with future substance abuse and unwed pregnancy (Stanard, 2000). Eating disorders and violence may also be associated with adolescent onset depression (Modrican-McCarthy & Dalton, 1996). The ultimate violence towards oneself, suicide, is the most alarming difference between adolescent and adult depression. Research indicates that adolescents tend to have higher rates of lethality in their suicide attempts (Birmaher, Ryan, Williamson, Brent, et al., 1996). Among successful adolescent suicides, depression is the most common diagnosis (Kutcher & Marton, 1996). Despite evidence that major depression is prevalent among the adolescent population, little empirical attention has been given to treatment with adolescents (Mufson et al., 1994). In comparison to the outcome studies related to treating adults diagnosed with major depression, there are few studies examining the effectiveness of treatment for adolescents with depression (Mufson, Weissman, Moreau, Garfinkel, 1999). …


The main object of interdisciplinary technology research and evaluation lies in the recognition and evaluation of technological development within its complex social and natural contexts, as well as in the search for possibilities to influence this development to satisfy certain human, social, and environmental criteria. Interdisciplinary technology research, therefore, is forced to constantly change its perspective between those of the individual sciences, and also between disciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches. It must resort to disciplinary analyses of the problem at hand while at the same time trying to accomplish an integrative reflection. In this regard the work of the Centre for Interdisciplinary Technology Research is aimed at topics in teaching and research which require the cooperation of humanities and the social, historical, natural, cultural and technical sciences.


In this work, we present a systematic DFT analysis of the effect of surface coverage on the coordination properties of alkoxysilanes to the (104) and (110) surfaces of MgCl2. Furthermore, we investigated several possible migration pathways for alkoxysilane migration on the same surfaces. Our study clearly shows that complete coverage of the Mg vacancies on the surface by coordinating alkoxysilanes is hampered by steric repulsion between vicinally coordinated donor molecules. Our study clearly indicates that alkoxysilane migration between different MgCl2 monolayers on the (104) and (110) surfaces requires donor dissociation. The same holds for alkoxysilane migration on a single (110) MgCl2 monolayer. However, in the case of the (104) surface we found a very low energy pathway for alkoxysilane migration along the same monolayer.


A synergistic action between penicillin and chemotherapy when used concomitantly has been shown experimentally3 to exist. Evidence is accumulating which tends to demonstrate that these drugs also have a synergistic action clinically in the treatment of acute gonorrheal urethritis. Oard et al.2 have written of striking results in the treatment of 70 cases in young white males using 12 gm. of sulfathiazole in combination with 50,000 units of penicillin, with only 6 failures, a rate of 91.43 per cent cures. All of the failures were cured by an additional course of 100,000 units of penicillin. Our experience at this dispensary on the southern coast of England supports their results. A combined use of penicillin and chemotherapy is not only indicated from the standpoint of the synergistic action of the two drugs, but it is known that certain cases are chemoresistant and others are penicillin-resistant. The method of combined therapy will eliminate most of the failures resulting from the selection of the wrong drug in the initial treatment of these cases. During the period Dec. 15, 1944, to July 1, 1945, 159 cases of acute gonorrheal urethritis in young white males were treated by various methods at this dispensary. A combination of penicillin and sulfathiazole was employed in 105 of these cases. No cases which had a history of chronic disease or had been treated prior to admission are included in this study. The colored patients are not included because they were of insufficient number to be statistically significant. Our impression that they respond to treatment more readily than do white patients is in accord with the experience of others. The overwhelming majority of patients were from amphibious craft afloat, which, lacking a medical officer, referred their


【Objective】The cotton field quality was diagnosed with the remote sensing technology, and the results would provide the technology support to take the active measurements for cotton industry, and would promote to increase the yield and efficiency.【Method】In terms of the determination ability of multi-temporal remote sensing data for dynamic information, and the relationship between cotton growth and cotton field quality, the multi-temporal remote sensing of the flower-boll stages data was fused in the years form A.D. 2005 to A.D.2006. The cotton field quality conditions were divided into the three styles of the healthy cotton field, handicapped cotton field and suspected cotton field with handicap.【Result】The results showed that the 0.82 of LANDSAT-5 TM4 reflective was reasonable to divide the healthy and handicapped cotton fields with the single-time remote sensing images in the flower-boll stages of cotton, and then 417 cotton fields about 1 1705.3 ha was classified using the method with the multi-temporal data, the results were that the three-style proposition of cotton field quality was 36.4%, 34.1% and 29.5% respectively; the validity of classification was proved by the synchronization investigation based on the eight cotton field (426.5 ha), and thetesting results of soil character and total salt indicate that the main factors of handicapped cotton field were salting, disunity of character, difference of level. 【Conclusion】It was believed to diagnose the cotton field with multi-temporal remote sensing data of cotton growth and map the information of cotton field quality on the base of the its mechanism , the precise information of cotton field quality would provide the data support to improve the cotton soil conditions.


The paper discusses the problem about complex adaptive filtering with linear-phase. By deriving the real version of Wiener equation subject to the linear-phase constraint, the problem of complex filters can be treated in real ways instead of complex one. The real modified LMS, RLS, Kalman-type algorithms and steered LMS algorithm are introduced to solve the Wiener equation (the last algorithm is for a steered problem in which the beam-steering vector is determined from signal power spectrum). It is noted that the number of real-time multiplications required by the presented algorithms are about half of those required by conventional complex ones when implementing an adaptive filter.


Abstract : Since the late 1970s, Italian policy toward NATO has been characterized by increasing assertiveness, but this has not threatened the basic national commitment to coalition defense and is unlikely to do so in the future. Nonetheless, Italian attitudes and policy toward NATO through the mid-1990s will be subject to strains arising from long-standing strategic dilemmas and competing strategic interests. Although Italy has placed greater emphasis on the Mediterranean dimension of its security policy, there can be little Italian interest in a predominantly Mediterranean approach that would contribute to the 'marginalization' of the Italian role in NATO and focus attention away from the twin pillars of Italian postwar external relations--NATO and the European Economic Community. Italy will almost certainly remain a loyal and cooperative ally, but increasing Italian activism on security questions will make the course of Italian policy more difficult to predict in detail, and Italian support for Alliance--and particularly U.S.--initiatives less automatic. Keywords: Italian translations, Military publications, Periodicals.


The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal consolidation and practice of legal relations that develop during the functioning of digital platforms based on distributed registry systems. The author analyzes the documents of functioning platforms for the issuance of digital financial assets, regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation defining the legal status of subjects of digital platforms. The opinions of scientists on problematic and controversial issues of legal regulation of the functioning of digital platforms are given. The positive aspects of the formulation of the rights and obligations of subjects of digital platforms are highlighted on the example of existing operators of information systems that issue digital financial assets.


merican public administration, as an academic field of inquiry, has long been concerned with the idea of democracy. Indeed, a good argument can be made that the field originally emerged in America out of a question about how to reconcile an efficient and energetic public administration with the values of a democratic state. In light of this history, some of the ideas presented in five recent books may be of interest to readers who are concerned about the relationship between public administration and democracy. These books raise a number of interesting questions with regard to democracy:


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
General practitioners (GPs) are ideally placed to deliver early medical abortion (EMA), yet little is known about how GPs deliver this care to women from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. We explored GP experiences in providing EMA to women from CALD backgrounds and their recommendations for service improvements.

METHOD
This was a qualitative study involving telephone interviews with 18 Australian GPs who provide EMA to women from CALD backgrounds. Data were thematically analysed using the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation Behaviour model.

RESULTS
GPs experienced challenges in communication and cultural competency when delivering EMA to women from CALD backgrounds due to insufficient training, lack of multilingual resources and difficulties accessing interpreters. In addition, the stigma surrounding abortion and concerns around reproductive coercion made engaging these women challenging.

DISCUSSION
Upskilling GPs in culturally competent care, improving access to multilingual resources and enabling efficient interpreter use can optimise EMA delivery to women from CALD backgrounds.


Sensitive and specific techniques are needed to detect Hepatitis A virus in environmental samples. PCR was used on concentrated river samples. In the analysis of 13 samples, two were positive by Elisa (15.3%), three were positive on cell culture (23%), five were positive by hybridization (38.4%) and height with PCR (67%).


An isolate of Claviceps paspali, Ta-1, produced ergot alkaloids after total biomass formation was over (Pattern No. 1) when cultured on complex organic media favoring rapid growth rate (e.g., k > 3...


The shift in frequency of the first-order Raman band of diamond with changing pressure and temperature was calibrated for application as a Raman spectroscopic pressure sensor in diamond anvil cells to 800 K and 106 GPa. The pressure dependence is nearly linear at pressures below 40 GPa. However, deviation of the pressure dependence from the linear equation has been confirmed at higher pressures. The frequency decreases with increasing temperature at ambient pressure. The temperature dependence is small with an increasing pressure, as determined from experiments conducted along isotherms up to 106 GPa. The relationship between the shift of this band and temperature can be described by a polynomial equation. Therefore, this pressure sensor has the advantage that it is not necessary to mix any additional calibration materials with the samples in the diamond anvil cell experiments.


Background and objective:  Earlier reports suggested that Pseudomonas aeruginosa frequent epidemic clones circulating in cystic fibrosis (CF) centres had increased virulence. However, recent data show no consistent associations with virulence, and suggest attenuation of virulence in chronic infection. Changes to infection control programmes in relation to frequent epidemic clones should be based on their frequency, virulence across all age groups and mode of acquisition. The Australian epidemic strain‐1 (AES‐1) (or the Melbourne epidemic strain) and AES‐2 are common in CF clinics in mainland eastern Australia, but not in the environment. Both have shown increased virulence, but there are no data specifically in adults. This study examines the frequency and virulence of P. aeruginosa frequent epidemic clones in the adult CF clinic at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.


The article presents the design, modelling and simulation of an electronic control solution for a MEMS electromagnetic scanning system. The electromechanical design is presented and completed with a mathematical model, and a simulation based on Comsol. The simulations allow to extract the equivalent circuit parameters of the actuator which in turn are used to integrate the equivalent circuit with the electronic circuit and simulate in PSPICE. The behavior of the overall circuit is simulated allowing to optimally design the electronic circuit. Current sources with Howland topology made with operational amplifiers are often used for electromagnetically actuators if that requires constant current polarization. Theoretical determination of overall performances for these circuits is generally known. This paper presents a PSPICE simulation for the mains performance of the constant current circuit used for actuators driving.


Minimizing production cost is a key element of the industry. To use resources efficiently, various concepts of operations management have been developed since the Industrial Revolution such as just in time, total quality control or lean manufacturing. Manufacturing shops – classified broadly as job, batch or flow shop according to process type, standardization level or quantity of production – continue to evolve by applying these various improvement approaches. Synchronous manufacturing and theory of constraints attempt to improve production processes by analyzing operational measures. They emphasize the importance of work in process levels and amend to have short term planning processes organized in accordance with the system constraints. This review tries to highlight the important connections between the drum-buffer-rope scheduling, single piece flow and operations-finance interface.


Fuzzy set theory can provide a suitable framework for pattern classification, because of the inherent fuzziness involved in the definition of a class or a cluster. Fuzzy set theory is discussed based on a fuzzy pattern matching procedure, where partial matching values with respect to a given attribute are combined. This approach is closely related to a statistical approach to pattern classification. A new method based on a fuzzy integral and possibility theory is presented. A critical examination of the statistical approach and the supervised learning process is outlined. Experimental test results on real data are presented.<<ETX>>


Preservation of tooth structure has always been the prime aim of dental practice. Teeth with advanced periodontal disease in multirooted teeth often pose a significant challenge to the clinician, complicating the treatment plan and compromising long term prognosis. The outcome of the treatment is determined by proper case selection and surgical, endodontic and prosthetic parameters. Resective and regenerative osseous procedures are often employed to help preserve the tooth structure, alveolar bone involving the retained root of multirooted teeth and are cost effective over the other treatment options like ridge preservation/augmentation followed by implant placement. This case series describes application of resective and regenerative techniques for molars with extensive combined periodontal-endodontic disease.


A three dimensional (3-D) magnetotelluric (MT) survey has been made to delineate the subsurface structures and possible fractures for exploration of low temperature geothermal resources in Pohang, Korea. The site is located in southeastern part of Korea and is very close to the east-ward sea shore. Survey area lies in 3 ~ 8 km apart from the sea shore lined to the north/south direction. To infer the sea effect, 3-D MT modeling has been performed for a layered model including the sea water. Layering of the model and conductivities of each layer are roughly estimated by well logs and other geological information. Results showed that the conductive sea water affects the low frequency MT data, especially below 0.2 ~ 1 Hz depending on the distance from the sea shore. Most severe sea effect was observed from the southeast parts of the survey area due to Youngil bay. Two kinds of 3-D inversion have been performed with the MT data observed from the site; including the sea as a constraint in the inversion or not. The two inverted models showed very similar characteristics in shallow parts, roughly down to 2 km. At deeper parts, however, they showed very different characteristics as can be expected from the modeling study. Strong effect of the nearby sea seems to form a fictitious conductive structure in southeast part of the survey region in ordinary 3-D inversion. A conductive structure, however, was shown at about 3 km depth from both of the inversions. More geological and geophysical study will be needed to identify the structure.


With the advent of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), more people infected with HIV are living into older age; 22% of adults receiving care in the UK are aged over 50 years [ 1 ]. Age influences HIV infection; the likelihood of seroconversion illness, mean CD4 count and time from infection to development of AIDs defining illnesses decreases with increasing age. A UK study estimates that half of HIV infections in persons over 50 years are acquired at an age over 50 [ 2 ]. Studies exploring sexual practices in older persons have repeatedly shown that we cannot assume there is no risk of STI and HIV infection [ 3 , 4 ]. Physicians should be alert to risk of HIV even in the older cohort, where nearly half diagnoses are made late [ 2 ]. Local audit has demonstrated poor testing rates in the over 50's on the Acute Medical Unit. Late diagnosis (CD4<350) results in poorer outcomes and age confounds further; older late presenters are 2.4 times more likely to die within the first year of diagnosis than younger counterparts [ 2 ].


Summary

Droplets with different sizes scatter light at different wavelengths. A droplet size index (R) was developed for predicting emulsion stability and absorbance of light at 660 nm was used to evaluate the opacity of the system.

Various cloudy agents were tested on both stability and cloudiness of emulsions. The presence of emulsifiers and gums affected both the stability and opacity. Best conditions for high stability and opacity were found using combinations of ester gums and emulsifiers.


A term male baby weighing 2.6 kg born by spontaneous vaginal delivery was noted to have a large neck swelling and respiratory distress. Antenatal ultrasonography had revealed a large thyroid swelling encasing the trachea but not extending into the mediastinum or causing obstruction. The mother was clinically euthyroid and was not on any drugs. On examination, he had severe stridor and tachypnoea and required oxygen by nasal prongs. His neck was hyperextended …


An experimental system has been set up for producing extreme ultraviolet light with high conversion efficiency by employing high power YAG laser irradiated tin slab. The dependence of extreme ultraviolet light intensity and conversion efficiency on the pump energy were studied, and the saturation effect of conversion efficiency was observed. The highest conversion efficiency of 1.6% in producing 13.5nm extreme ultraviolet light with 0.27nm bandwidth was achieved at pump energy of 250mJ, which corresponds to an intensity of 1.8×10 11 W/cm 2 .


Abstract We analyse the predictive content of the mortgage spread for US economic activity. We find that the spread contains predictive power for real GDP and industrial production. Furthermore, it outperforms the term spread and Gilchrist–Zakrajšek credit spread in a real-time forecasting exercise. However, the predictive ability of the mortgage spread varies over time.


A liquid crystal-based photochromic coating was formulated to enable direct visualization of shear stress in flowing blood. The coating was comprised of a low durometer silicone rubber elastomer combined with a cholesteric liquid crystal to expand the functional shearsensing range and improve its durability when exposed to viscous flow. The coating was evaluated with black and red opaque viscous fluids as well as blood for spatial resolution and sensitivity. Experiments were conducted in rectangular channels and a cylindrical Taylor–Couette device with shear stress up to 300 dyne/cm in blood, and 3000 dyne/cm in glycerol. The results illustrated the feasibility of a liquid crystal based shear stress sensor for visualizing the spatial distribution of biologically relevant shear stress.


Using a quantitative sandwich ELISA, we studied 17 patients with IgA nephropathy to determine if levels of urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) might reflect the disease activity. The levels of urinary MCP‐1 in patients with the advanced stage were significantly higher than those in patients with the mild stage of the disease, or in healthy controls. The results showed a significant correlation between the levels of urinary MCP‐1 and the disease activity, i.e., levels of urinary casts and urinary protein. It was thus suggested that the measurement of urinary MCP‐1 is useful in evaluating the degree of renal injuries and/or prognosis in patients with IgA nephropathy. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 12:1–5, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


We provide an overview of the results on Hughes' model for pedestrian movements available in the literature. After the first successful approaches to solving a regularised version of the model, researchers focused on the structure of the Riemann problem, which led to local-in-time existence results for Riemann-type data and paved the way for a WFT (Wave-Front Tracking) approach to the solution semigroup. In parallel, a DPA (Deterministic Particles Approximation) approach was developed in the spirit of follow-the-leader approximation results for scalar conservation laws. Beyond having proved to be powerful analytical tools, the WFT and the DPA approaches also led to interesting numerical results. However, only existence theorems on very specific classes of initial data (essentially ruling out non-classical shocks) have been available until very recently. A proper existence result using a DPA approach was proven not long ago in the case of a linear coupling with the density in the eikonal equation. Shortly after, a similar result was proven via a fixed point approach. We provide a detailed statement of the aforementioned results and sketch the main proofs. We also provide a brief overview of results that are related to Hughes' model, such as the derivation of a dynamic version of the model via a mean-field game strategy, an alternative optimal control approach, and a localized version of the model. We also present the main numerical results within the WFT and DPA frameworks.


In wireless sensor network (WSN), the routing protocol is one of the most important aspects. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive clustering Hierarchy) is the first routing protocol based on cluster structure. Though there are a lot of improvements on LEACH protocol at present, cluster heads still play the most important role in these routing protocols. Cluster heads are responsible for gathering information, transmitting packets and aggregating data. A mass of work processed by cluster head will make it consume too much energy. Then the lifetime of WSN will be shortened. Thus, in this paper we propose an improvement on LEACH protocol in order to monitor large-scale environment longer and stably. Gateways will construct a multi-hops path to transmit packet, Cluster heads are just responsible for gathering and aggregating data from cluster members. Thus, the task of transmitting packet is separated from cluster head. As the experiment results shown, the improved protocol can balance energy consumption and extend the lifetime of the network.


Abstract : The gaseous products of the thermal decomposition of nitroguanidine have been quantitatively analysed. Nitrous oxide, ammonia, water and some carbon dioxide were found. Various properties of the thermal decomposition have been determined, and a mechanism for decomposition proposed. The kinetic rate equation for the thermal decomposition of nitroguanidine has been determined. It appears that the nitroguanidine surface is poisoned by either gaseous or solid decomposition products.


Hardware Trojans (HTs) have become a major concern in the modern integrated circuit (IC) industry, especially with the fast growth in IC outsourcing. HT detection and diagnosis are challenging due to the huge number of gates in modern IC designs and the high cost of testing. We propose a scalable and efficient HT detection and diagnosis scheme based on segmentation and consistency analysis of gate-level properties. In addition, we employ a self-consistency-based approach, where we conduct variable elimination and create subsegments from a fixed set of power measurements of the entire IC to minimize the number of power measurements. We evaluate our HT detection and diagnosis schemes on a set of ISCAS and ITC benchmarks.


Recent studies have revealed the essential role of retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) in insulin resistance. However, the impact of RBP4 on aberrant lipogenesis, the common hepatic manifestation in insulin resistance states, and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. The present study was designed to examine the effect of RBP4 on sterol regulatory element‐binding protein (SREBP‐1) and hepatic lipogenesis. Treatment with human retinol‐bound RBP4 (holo‐RBP4) significantly induced intracellular triglyceride (TAG) synthesis in HepG2 cells and this effect is retinol‐independent. Furthermore, RBP4 treatment enhanced the levels of mature SREBP‐1 and its nuclear translocation, thereby increasing the expression of lipogenic genes, including fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase‐1 (ACC‐1), and diacylglycerol O‐acyltransferase 2 (DGAT‐2). Stimulation of HepG2 cells with RBP4 strongly up‐regulated the expression of transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator 1β (PGC‐1β) at both the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. The transcriptional activation of PGC‐1β is necessary and sufficient for the transcriptional activation of SREBP‐1 in response to RBP4. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)‐response element binding protein (CREB) was identified as the target transcription factor involved in the RBP4‐mediated up‐regulation of PGC‐1β transcription as a result of phosphorylation on Ser133. Furthermore, in vivo RBP4 infusion induced SREBP‐1c activation and consequently accelerated hepatic lipogenesis and plasma TAG in C57BL/6J mice, a phenomenon not observed in Ppargc1b knockout mice. Conclusion: These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which RBP4 achieves its effects on hepatic lipid metabolism. (HEPATOLOGY 2013;8:564‐575)


The growing literature discussing men's health identifies ways that biology and social factors influence men's health outcomes. Social constructions of masculinities, combined with other social factors such as age, race, marital status, and socioeconomic status all influence men's health behaviors and likelihood of illness. Additionally, cultural considerations also affect men's health outcomes, particularly on a global scale.

Keywords:

gender;
health;
masculinities


This study seeks to improve the predictive utility of the attitude–behavior link within the realm of environmentally responsible consumption by examining the role of consumer innovativeness as a mediator. A sample of over 1400 American consumers provided data regarding their attitudes about the environment, receptiveness to new and innovative ideas, propensity to adopt new products early, and likelihood of performing a variety of green behaviors. The evidence suggests that one dimension of consumer innovativeness mediates the link between environmentally conscious attitudes and behaviors: the general affinity for new ideas. Managerial implications of these findings are discussed. C


Lyapunov Exponents of Two-Degrees-of- Freedom Linear Stochastic Systems.- Random Eigenvalues and Structural Dynamic Models.- Wave Attenuation in Disordered Periodic Structures.- Modal Analysis for Random Response of MDOF Systems.- Linear Viscoelastic Analysis with Random Material Properties.- Nonstationary Response of Linear Systems under Uncorrelated Parametric and External Excitations.- Wide-Band Response of Multiple Subsystems with High Modal Density.- On Almost Sure Sample Stability of Nonlinear Ito Differential Equations.- Pade-Type Approach to Nonlinear Random Vibration Analysis.- Random Vibrations of Timoshenko Beams with Generalized Boundary Conditions.- A Survey of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods of Sensitivity Analysis for Stochastic Dynamic Systems.- Stochastic Analysis of Nonlinear Vehicle Systems using a Generalized Discrete Harmonic Linearization Technique.- Equivalent Nonlinearization of Nonlinear Systems to Random Excitations.- Chaotic and Stochastic Dynamics for Inelastic Systems with Hysteresis and Degradation.- Stochastic Earthquake Modeling with Discretized Line Source.- Analyzing Nonstationary Random Response to Evolutionary Random Excitation by Complex Modal Method.- A Stochastic Linearization Technique Based on Minimum Mean Square Deviation of Potential Energies.- A Stochastic Theory of Cumulative Fatigue Damage.


The Lexicography Studies Program has organized the III Costa Rican Lexicography Coloquium to create academic spaces to debate Lexicography, Metalexicography, among other discilines.


Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, Who does not resemble the creation. To Allah belong the endowments and the befitting perfections and commendations. We ask Allah to raise the rank of Prophet Muhammad, sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam, and to protect his nation from that which he feared for it. Thereafter: Allah said in the Qur'an: اللها لاق لىاعت :  تٌااشتم  رخ ُ أو ِ باتكلا  مأ  ن ه تٌامكمح تٌاياء هنم  باتكلا كيلع لزنأ يذلا وه  ] نارمع لاء ةروس [


This paper presents a tool based on a two dimensional charge-collection simulation to study non-destructive single event effects in CMOS IC blocks. The interaction between the radiation particle and the p-n junctions is modeled at circuit level with a set of parasitic currents, which are injected into the nodes corresponding to the geometrical areas at or near the point where the particle hits the IC. A drift-diffusion model is used to obtain parasitic currents waveforms. By means of circuit simulations, single event transients and single event upsets can be obtained for different collision positions. From simulation results, a map can be drawn, showing the sensitivity to single events of different layout regions. By comparing sensitivity maps, the designer can choose the most robust layout with respect to single event effects. Layout design guidelines are proposed to improve radiation hardness.


Drug Discovery. Measurement of Drug Affinity. Efficacy. Pharmacological Assays Used in Screening for Therapeutic Ligands. Finding the Optimal Assay Format for the Chemical Target. Mathematical and Statistical Framework for Problems in Drug Discovery. Statistical Methods for Target Identification and Validation. Experimental Design. Analysis and Interpretation of Data. Index.


tic study, Stephen King's (1982) story "Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption" was interpreted in light of the human becoming school of thought (Parse, 1981, 1998). King said that "Shawshank" was about hope, and he even subscripted the short story "Hope springs eternal." (These words were first used in Pope's [1688-1744] poem, "Essay on Man, Epistle 1.") Hope is the thread that weaves the fabric of the story through intimate moments of human to human relationships. From the human becoming perspective (Parse, 1981, 1998), humans freely choose meaning in structuring reality, cocreating paradoxical patterns in moving with possibles, and hope is a chosen meaning structuring a reality portending possibles beyond the moment. The works of both King and Parse relate to the question what is hope as humanly lived? This was the research question posed for this study, the purpose of which was to discover emergent meanings of the lived experience of hope. King's (1982) short story "Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption," the film (Darabont & King, 1994), and the screenplay (Darabont & King, 1996) were all examined for this study. Since all three media are in the public domain, no institutional review board approval was necessary to conduct this hermeneutic study on hope. The researcher was careful to stay true to the words and phrases of these works in order to insure accuracy and clarity for fortification of scientific merit.


Stickers are used by social users to express online chat. The retrieval, matching, and generation of stickers have significant research and application value. However, the current stickers are mainly obtained through "semantic-visual" cross-modal search matching in a pre-defined sticker library. The retrieved images from the pre-defined sticker library are fixed and limited, and often do not conform to the contextual semantics of chatting. This work focuses on synthesizing non-existent stickers instead of retrieving images. The Object-Orient Semantic-to-Visual Generation Model(OSVGAN) is proposed to instantly synthesize the corresponding sticker according to the user's semantic description. First, the intrinsic semantic relationship of each object in the sticker is established by an Object-Orient Meta Model. Then a Semantic-to-Visual model is used to synthesize corresponding images according to each object's text feature, and a Fusion Model fuses each object image to form a complete image. Finally, to enhance the semantic consistency of the generated images, the text-image alignment module(T2I) is applied to the Semantic-to-Visual model and the Fusion Model. OSVGAN can effectively reduce the demand for training samples. On the sticker dataset, our method has achieved good semantic consistency, and is comparable to the existing methods in terms of synthetic image quality.


Purpose – The aim of this study is to analyze differences in the overall perceived value of a service purchased online, and the consequences for international consumer behavior, taking consumers' uncertainty avoidance as a moderating variable.Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire was administered to 300 international consumers (150 British and 150 Spanish) who had purchased a service via the internet. SEM was chosen to analyze the effect of uncertainty avoidance on the formation of overall perceived value.Findings – The results reveal that in the formation of overall perceived value – which embraces both the online purchase and also enjoyment of the service – uncertainty avoidance has a moderating effect.Research limitations/implications – In this study just two cultures were to analyze the moderating effect of uncertainty avoidance on an overall perceived value model.Practical implications – The paper helps in understanding the role played by uncertainty avoidance in interactions with web‐based b...


Crystalline botulinal type A toxin has been found to behave as a complete antigen. It is capable of inducing antibody-formation and a state of supersensitivity. Combination with antibody in the flocculative reaction is in harmony with its large molecular size.
 Toxin and toxoid appear capable of forming insoluble complexes with normal sera. Some of the characteristics of the complexes are outlined. The particular importance of the temperature-variable made it necessary to study the precipitin-reaction with a given antiserum at several different temperatures. In the quantitative precipitin-studies the phenomenon was notable in the zone of antigen-excess and at lower temperatures.
 In the quantitative precipitin-reaction there exists, in the zones of equivalence and antitoxin-excess, a curvilinear relation between the ratio of antibody to antigen in the precipitates and the quantity of antigen added. (The relation is expressed by the exponential equation x = aby where x = antigen added, y = the ratio, and a and b are constants.) If the ratio is plotted against the log of the quantity of antigen added, a linear relation results. Results with the quantitative precipitin-reaction vary for sera from different animals. With horseserum, inhibition in the antibody-excess zone may be complete, and may even extend to the equivalence-zone.
 With both horse- and rabbit-sera inhibition of precipitation was not noticed in the zone of antigen-excess. This finding is discussed.
 Flocculation of toxoid (prepared by treatment with formaldehyde at pH 7) with antitoxin was studied. Though quantitative differences existed, in general the qualitative findings were like those with toxin.
 In titrations by optimal-proportions, a Lederle 'modified-globulin' horse-serum gave an "H" type reaction with toxin and an "R" type reaction with toxoid, an individual rabbit-serum gave "H" type reaction with toxin and a pool of rabbit-sera gave an "R" type reaction with both toxin and toxoid.


Corrosion fatigue and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) are primary failure mechanisms that reduce the structural integrity of aircraft. Conventional corrosion mitigation in aircraft involves coatings, alloy substitution, or modifications in design to reduce stresses. All are expensive solutions. This paper describes the use of low plasticity burnishing (LPB) to enhance the corrosion fatigue strength in 7475-T7351 and 2024-T351, without alteration of environment, material or component design. The fatigue performance of LPB processing and shot peening of both 7475T7351 and 2024-T351 were compared. Various processing and exposure conditions, typical of aircraft structures, were investigated including shot peening, anodization, thermal exposure and salt spray exposure. X-ray diffraction residual stress measurements revealed that LPB produced twice the depth of compression as shot peening. LPB produced a 10X improvement in life over shot peening for 7475-T7351 and a 50% improvement in life over shot peening in 2024-T351.


A GIVEN FOR THE PREPARATION OF COMPOUNDS OF PROCESS AND PIRIDINEDICARBOXILATOS dialkyl derivatives, by reacting a dialkyl CLOROMELEATO O chlorofumarate OR MIXING WITH A AMONICAL SAL optionally in the presence of ammonia and A (ALFA), (BETA) -NOSATURADO aldehyde or ketone REPLACED PROPERLY.


This paper describes some key points in the history and development of the European Microwave Conference, the European Microwave Week, and the European Microwave Association, starting from 1969. It captures the way in which the conference since the earliest days has sought to create a successful blend of scientific and industry interests and has adapted itself to and indeed shaped the many existing technical changes that have characterized and continue to be at the core of the field of microwave engineering.


The shear moduli of end-linked poly(dimethyl siloxane) networks were measured as a function of mol wt between chemical crosslinks (Mc) and the dilution-at-cure (Cx). The results were interpreted in terms of theories that take into account contributions from trapped entanglements. It was found that the network deformation follows the predictions of the theory of "phantom" networks, with an added contribution from trapped entanglements. At high mol wts of the precursor polymer, network imperfections play a role, as seen in the frequency dependence of the shear modulus. This results in deviation from predicted behavior. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Despite the recurring attempts to combat the mosquito vector of dengue, Aedes
aegypti, more than 80% of the strata of the city of Salvador-BA show alert condition
or risk of an outbreak of dengue. Since traditional approaches to control the mosquito
vector of dengue have not produced the expected results, this study evaluated
molecular parameters for entomological surveillance of A. aegypti using tools of
geotechnology and population genetics as a way of supporting the fieldwork and
integrating the actions of the authorities responsible for integrated dengue control.
The design of the study had a transverse component, describing data on the
population genetics of larvae of A. aegypti collected in Salvador and control samples
collected in 2009 in Jacobina and Vitoria da Conquista, in addition to the Rockefeller
strain, and a longitudinal samples from four areas (Plataforma, Itapagipe, Tancredo
Neves and Itapua) for four cycles LIRAa of Salvador between 2007 to 2009. The
DNA of each larva was isolated by the DNAzol ® method and genotyped with five
STR (short tandem repeat) markers by PCR and capillary electrophoresis. The
spatial distribution of breeding sites was performed using ortophotos by the program
ArcView v.9.3. For the analysis of population differentiation and hypothesis testing
the programs GenePop, GenAlEx Spade were used, and for population inference the
program structure was used. The markers were usually found to be in H-W
equilibrium and behaved as independent. When we use the statistics Φpt and RST it
was possible to discriminate (p <0.05) genetically differentiated populations of A.
aegypti at the municipal level, between areas of Salvador and strata within these
areas. The program structure indicated K equal to 2 populations as ideal to represent
the data, considering the population of Salvador is a mixture of populations of A.
aegypti in other regions of the state. The results of the longitudinal study showed a
difference between the cycles of 2008.3 and 2009.4 Ne measures varied
considerably by area and cycle showing the effect of bottleneck in different periods in
each area, although no correlation with the IIP. Given these results we conclude that
the vector control produces changes on the population structure of A. aegypti, but are
not effective. Tthe use of georeferencing and vector's genetic information could help
define the catchment areas of populations of A. aegypti and for making decisions
about the management of treatment.


The aim of this thesis was to bridge a gap in the research literature with regard to commentary on and evaluation of the relationship between British land-use planning and the management and development of the railway network in the years between 1948-94 when British railways were in public ownership. Although the research was focused on the nationalised main line system, it reviewed other rail systems where this was helpful to the analysis.The research utilised a review of the relationship between the railway network and urban form in the years to 1947 to derive analytical criteria and to serve as a point of departure for the core of the thesis. The overall relationship between the two sectors post-1948 was explored, at a broad geographical scale, with regard to institutional relationships, policy, and outcomes with regard to the spatial relationships between the railway network and patterns of urban form. The results of this research were used to derive hypotheses about the relationships which were then tested in a case study of the Manchester conurbation.The main conclusions are that there were few periods between 1948-94 when the ideological, institutional and policy frameworks necessary for a close and positive relationship between the planning and railway sectors were in place simultaneously. The contexts which were most favourable were with regard to: the location of new towns and town expansion projects in the South East in 1950s and 1960s; the improvement of railway networks in the PTE areas between 1968-79 along with the development of strategic policies for the restriction of major trip generators to CBDs; the period between 1985-94 when a surge in the property market was accompanied by BR Sectorisation, investment in other forms of fixed track transit, and the promotion of major development projects at and around stations, especially in CBDs.The research concludes by identifying opportunities for further historical research and briefly reviewing the relevance of the findings to contemporary research.


The conductivity of the Na2S2O7−NaHSO4 binary system has been measured for 15 different compositions in the full composition range, and in the temperature range 400−700 K. Phase transition temperatures were obtained, and the phase diagram was constructed. It is of the simple eutectic type, where the eutectic is found to have the composition XNaHSO4 = 0.97, as calculated from the measured thermodynamic properties, and to melt at 179 °C. The partial enthalpy and entropy of mixing have been obtained, and the negative entropy points to a structural order of the melt, presumably due to hydrogen bonding, as found earlier for the K2S2O7−KHSO4 system. For each composition measured of the Na2S2O7−NaHSO4 system in the molten state, the conductivity has been expressed by equations of the form κ = A(X) + B(X)(T − Tm) + C(X)(T − Tm)2, where Tm is the intermediate temperature of the measured temperature range.


Summary Twenty-five clear aftershocks of the earthquake of 1969 March 28 at the Azores-Gibraltar fracture are used to determine the crustal velocities between the epicentral zone and the standard stations TOL, MAL and PTO. These values, added to those previously obtained, make it possible now to provide a summary of crust-mantle velocities for the Iberian region; and a regional model for the crust and first layers of the mantle is tentatively presented. The residuals of the deep earthquake on 1954 March 29 strengthens the idea of the existence of a low velocity channel for P waves in the asthenosphere, which seems to be of irregular thickness. The recent seismicity of this region, mainly distributed along the Azores-Gibraltar-Algerie line and south-eastern Spain, leads to the postulation of the existence of a small subplate (the Alboran subplate), which is considered to have formed part, in past times, of the large African plate.


some relationship between offender and victim, and it is suspected that if the full facts had not been concealed from the police, this figure would be higher. Most of the crimes take place in poor neighborhoods, among people living in overcrowded or slum conditions, or where there are gatherings of minority groups. Mainly they are not committed by criminals for criminal purposes, but are &dquo;the outcome of patterns of social behaviour among certain strata of the community.&dquo; It would follow then that in many instances the victim has some responsibility for what occurs. The extreme apprehension provoked by crimes of violence is scarcely justified when the number of these crimes is compared to the size of the population in London; in 1960 they constituted only 2 per cent of all the crimes recorded. It does seem, therefore, that the chances of the frequently cited innocent elderly lady being bludgeoned are fairly remote, but when it does happen the national prominence it receives is out of all proportion and exaggerates and intensifies the horror evoked. Emotive words like &dquo;young thug&dquo; are employed and there is a clamor to &dquo;bring back the birch.&dquo; Although crimes of violence have doubled since 1938, police methods of recording and defining them have also changed. In addition, there is now less tolerance for aggressive or violent behavior. There is greater readiness among the public to inform the police, and facilities to bring them quickly to the scene of the crimes have improved. (To digress here it is interesting to note the opposition that still remains to making the police more mobile and the resistance to taking the British Bobby off his beat


The paper focuses on how to maximize program and service provision to urban Aboriginal peoples. It was intended to examine the roles and capacities of universal and Aboriginal specific providers, while articulating the function of partnerships with a focus on the role of Friendship Centres. This is a short "think" paper that cannot either reflect the current situation in any detail or describe a comprehensive plan for the next period. The work is the product of a review of existing research, a survey of community and government studies, and a consultation with the service delivery community. We felt it was important to seek the insights and perspectives from those individuals on the ground, actively engaged in program and service provision, including Aboriginal providers and universal providers as well as selected Friendship Centre personnel. Our goal was to isolate some basic principles that could guide the research and planning that will take place in the future. As well, we wanted to see if there are any simple approaches or models that would be useful in proceeding with future research and planning. We want to make one caveat. The range of program and service delivery to urban Aboriginals across Canada is quite large. This paper may seem to miss the diversity of many local areas, where exceptional strides have been made. We are aware of the extent of initiatives across the country; for example, in cities such as Calgary and Winnipeg, Aboriginal councils and/or Aboriginal-universal provider partnerships have made great strides forward resulting in some very positive outcomes. On the other hand, many urban centres have developed very little by way of co-operation, consultation, or partnerships with Aboriginals. Nevertheless, we had to step back and look for a general framework that would have more general applications given the scope of the issue at hand. The paper begins with a short section that addresses the importance of urban service delivery to Aboriginals. Next, we outline the research questions and our methodology, followed by a description of principles and best practices. Finally,


Endosulfan is a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide and used for insect control. The poison could enter the body through respiration, absorption via skin and ingestion inhuman beings, or grazing by farm animals. It became a highly controversial agrichemical due to its acute toxicity, potential for bioaccumulation, and role as an endocrine disruptor. Because of its threats to human health and the environment, a global ban on the manufacture and use of endosulfan was negotiated under the Stockholm Convention in April 2011. Proven fertile male rats were divided in three groups of 10 animals each. Control animals Group-I received only the vehicle (ground nut oil), by gavage whereas the animals of Groups II and III received endosulfan (dissolved in groundnut oil) 10 mg/kg b.wt/d for 30 and 60 days. Sperm motility, density, fertility, testicular cell population dynamics, and hormonal analysis was performed to see the adverse effect of endosulfan on testes in male rat. In the present study a significant reduction in the weights of testes and accessory sex organs were noticed. A severe impairment of sperm motility and density in testes and a sharp decline in fertility and testosterone hormone were also observed. The number per testes of non types Bsg spermatogonia and spermatocytes were similar to controls where as that of type Bcg spermatogonia increased by 59% and that of early round spermatids (Est) and late elongated spermatids decreased by 37% and 72% respectively. It seems that endosulfan has an undeniably damaging effect on the testis accompanied by its unfavorable effects on the reproductive system which may lead to infertility due to the changes in sex hormones concentration, sperm density and motility. Inhibition of testicular spermatogenesis by endosulfan treatment associated with decreased seminiferous tubular diameter, volume and accessory sex organ weight may indicate adverse effects of endosulfan on testes which again lead to infertility in male rat.


[1] In this study we present ultraviolet and infrared auroral data from 26 July 1998, and we show the presence of transient auroral polar spots observed throughout the postdusk to predawn local time sector. The polar dawn spots, which are transient polar features observed in the dawn sector poleward of the main emission, were previously associated with the inward moving flow resulting from tail reconnection. In the present study we suggest that nightside spots, which are polar features observed close to the midnight sector, are related to inward moving flow, like the polar dawn spots. We base our conclusions on the near‐simultaneous set of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Galileo observations of 26 July 1998, during which HST observed a nightside spot magnetically mapped close to the location of an inward moving flow detected by Galileo on the same day. We derive the emitted power from magnetic field measurements along the observed plasma flow bubble, and we show that it matches the emitted power inferred from HST. Additionally, this study reports for the first time a bright polar spot in the infrared, which could be a possible signature of tail reconnection. The spot appears within an interval of 30 min from the ultraviolet, poleward of the main emission on the ionosphere and in the postdusk sector planetward of the tail reconnection x line on the equatorial plane. Finally, the present work demonstrates that ionospheric signatures of flow bursts released during tail reconnection are instantaneously detected over a wide local time sector.


This article introduces a new SW-1 achromatopsia mirror,it can quantitatively and qualitatively distinquish the achromatopsia. The method is different from the alien traditional pure optical method. It uses element LED and optical fiber, it can achieve more stable monochromaticity, larger brilliance and diminish cost, so it can gain better economy benefit.


By applying electric field pulses with duration small compared to the time constant for glow-to-arc transition it is possible to increase the electron energy in high pressure glow discharges considerably over the steady state value. Repetitive pulsed operation allows us to generate plasmas with high average electron density at lower energy cost than with DC heating only. Measurements of the dynamics of the plasma column after pulse application show that the plasma diameter approaches a steady-state value after initial expansion, which is approximately half the DC plasma diameter. As a first step towards repetitive pulsed electric field operation, required to obtain a semi-DC plasma with high average electron density we have measured the temporal development of the voltage across the plasma for two subsequent pulses. The dual pulse generator, built for this purpose, utilizes two, 10 /spl Omega/ striplines with high pressure spark gap as switches, which deliver two subsequent pulses directly to the load. The trigger pulses for the two switches can be adjusted in time between 1 /spl mu/s and 10 ms. Pulse amplitudes of 15 kV have been reached, but amplitudes of up to 50 kV seem to be possible. Experiments with the dual pulse system provide information on the repetition rate required to sustain a certain average electron density. Operation in atmospheric pressure air with applied electric fields of 20 kV/cm and 10 ns duration allowed us to increase the electron density for a time of 2.3 /spl mu/s to such values that the discharge voltage stayed below 30 V. Continuous operation in this discharge state would consequently require repetition rates of 450 kHz. Higher pulsed electric field operation would allow us to reduce the repetition rate.


INTRODUCTION: When staying in hyperbaric conditions there is an increase in diuresis, developing a negative water balance, loss of electrolytes and tissue dehydration after diving different in depth, duration, intensity and other parameters, which can be conditionally combined into specific physiological symptom complex – "pressure diuresis" phenomenon (or "diver diuresis"). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanisms of "pressure diuresis" under the action of high gaseous medium pressure and determine the physiological nature of this phenomenon in divers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 44 men aged 19–23 were examined. In the first study all the subjects had initial sustainability to hyperbaric adverse factors (decompression gas formation – DG, hypoxic hypoxia – HH, nitrogen toxic effect – NTE and oxygen toxic effect – OTE). Hormonal status and body's osmotic homeostasis rates were defined in all the subjects. The second study evaluated changes of the subjects' water-electrolyte metabolism, kidney function and osmotic homeostasis during the oral loading renal test with the water load in the baseline and conditions of hyperbaric adverse factor exposure on divers. Statistics: To perform statistical analysis, application packages of Statistica for Windows 10.0 were used. RESULTS: 17 (38,6 %), 29 (65,9 %), 20 (45,5 %) and 35 (79,6 %) subjects had medium and low resistance to DG, HH, OTE and NTE, respectively; 27 (61,4 %), 15 (34,1 %), 24 (54,5 %) and 9 (20,4 %) subjects had high resistance to DG, HH, OTE and NTE. Increase in the concentration of antidiuretic hormone was identified in the diving group with low and medium resistance to NTE, HH, and OTE (by 146,8, 141,1 and 93,2 %, respectively, compared to the results before hyperbaric adverse factor exposure). The highest concentration increase of aldosterone was found among the divers with low and medium resistance to OTE, DG and HH (by 41,5, 39,1 and 36,2 %, respectively). The increase in blood plasma osmolality was observed in the subjects with low and medium resistance to OTE (an increase by 6,6 % compared to the divers with high resistance). A significant reduction in blood plasma osmolality was recorded in the subject group with low and medium resistance to NTE and HH (reduction by 5,2 and 4,2 %, compared to the group with high resistance). The most significant decrease in urine osmolality was identified in the diving group with low and medium resistance to DG and OTE (reduction by 14,5 and 17,7 %, respectively). A significant increase in urine osmolality under the action of hyperbaric factors was defined in the diving group with low and medium resistance to NTE and HH (by 19,8 and 19,3 %). DISCUSSION: The data obtained indicate the emergence of a new body hydration status during person's staying in hyperbaric conditions. Body hydration status will be connected with its individual resistance to hyperbaric adverse factor effect. Thus, with the development of marked DG iso-osmotic (isotonic) hyperhydration is formed, with OTE hyperosmotic (hypertonic) hyperhydration occurs, with NTE and HH hypo-osmolar (hypotonic) hyperhydration develops. CONCLUSION: The study showed a certain connection (correlation) between types of hyperhydration in the tissues of a diver's body, mechanisms of occurrence, low and medium initial resistance to a particular hyperbaric factor. "Pressure diuresis" phenomenon ("diver diuresis"), that occurs in divers with high resistance to hyperbaric adverse factors, will be a normal body's physiological response, aimed at eliminating hypervolemia and reduction in the volume of circulating plasma.


Focusing on the problems about the incentive and restraint of managers, this paper puts forward, from the perspective of human capital value, the human capital value measuring of the managers and enterprise surplus profit sharing on stock option so as to encourage and restrain the managers.


In this paper, we introduced a dual velocity leaky bucket algorithm for integrated services in GPRS networks. By use of fluid flow method, we obtain the theoretical equations of the cell loss and the waiting time. Simulation indicates suitable parameters for efficacious control may be obtained.


This work deals with a minimal realization of the type-I seesaw model with only two right-handed Majorana neutrinos, which is investigated from two perspectives; bottom-up and top-down. In a data-driven approach, the manifestation of certain hierarchies in the neutrino Yukawa matrix is analyzed in the context of realizable approximate two-zero textures. A general method for the investigation of Yukawa structures is developed and applied to the minimal seesaw model. Besides a robustness study of the obtained results, theoretical error bars are assigned to this model's predictions. In a top-down ansatz, a high-energy embedding of the minimal seesaw model is built that exhibits minimal degrees of freedom. A minimal SU(5) Froggatt-Nielsen flavor model is chosen and assuming approximate exchange symmetries in the heavy neutrino sector helps to reduce the model's free parameter. Demanding consistency with electroweak naturalness and leptogenesis leads to a most minimal type-I seesaw model, that emerges from a high-energy theory and predicts at the same time all measured neutrino observables.


This study aims to describe the effect of student confidence in mathematics on students' mathematical problem solving abilities. This type of research is a quasiexperimental study and the sample in this study is a class XI student majoring in hotel accommodation with 31 students. Retrieval of data using questionnaire and test instruments. The results of this study obtained the average student confidence in mathematics at 60.23 with a standard deviation of 3.66. While the mathematical problem solving abilities of students obtained an average of 66.94 with a standard deviation of 9.63. Students 'trust in mathematics and students' mathematical problem solving abilities are quite sufficient. There is an influence of students 'trust in mathematics on students' mathematical problem solving abilities indicated by F count (4,746) ≥ F table (4,18) or significance number at 0,038 ≤ 0.05 ANOVA. The magnitude of the influence of student confidence in mathematics on students' mathematical problem solving abilities is 14.1%. The regression equation obtained by Y ̂ = 7.455 + 0.988X + ϵ. This means that if the value of student confidence in mathematics is 1 unit, then the value of the predictive variable will increase by 0.988. The higher the confidence of students in mathematics, the mathematical problem solving abilities of students will also increase.


The paper focuses on the taxonomical analysis of " hoanglienensis – orlovi " complex, provide extended description of Rhacophorus hoanglienensis and description of two new species from northern Vietnam. These new species are different from the other members of Rhacophorus genus in morphological details and coloration. Distribution and natural history of R. orlovi are considered.


The scope of the study is to examine the variables affecting the potential purchasers in the industrial markets for diffusion and adoption of the innovations. On the basis of the Frambach research model (1998), a model has been developed and the questionnaire has been applied to machinery manufacturing industry to test hypotheses. According to the findings obtained, it is found out that the firms are considering the characteristics of the innovation, the competition, the environment with which it is in touch and from which it gets information and the marketing strategy related to the innovation, rather than the characteristics of their own company. On the other hand, the adopted innovation is developed and launced to the market by the firms considering the needs of the other firms. In this stage, they seek to announce and diffused the innovation with various marketing strategies (positioning, market support and risk reduction).  Tornatzky &Klein, 1982.  Tzokas & Saren, 1997  Waarts et


These notes are an extended version of a talk given by the author in the seminar "Theorie Spectrale et Geometrie" at the Institut Fourier in No- vember 2016. We present here some aspects of a work in collaboration with B. Collier and N. Tholozan (arXiv:1702.08799). We describe how Higgs bundle theory and pseudo-hyperbolic geometry interfere in the study of maximal representations into Hermitian Lie groups of rank 2.


This paper, firmly rooted in the intrinsic mechanism, empirical practice and statistical analysis on the national model bilingual curriculum Comparative Literature, tries to explore and interprete its pedagogy and validity. And it reveals that the efficient bilingual teaching and learning of Comparative Literature involves instructing the disciplinary history, interpreting the scientific principles, analyzing the research methods, integrating practice and theory, and participating reciprocally in case-analysis in order to enrich and heighten teachers' instructive strategies and levels, and better students' foreign language proficiency and master of speciality knowledge.


Cloud Computing is a term which came into existence in 2007. It refers to applications and services that run on a distributed network using virtual resources and the Internet. It became popular because of the services which are provided by it. Cloud computing uses the technology, services, hardware etc. and turns them into a service and provides them to a user on basis of demand and pay. In this paper we are analyzing the issues and challenges that are likely to be faced when we implement cloud computing platform. As cloud computing is the new technology the paper describes about it. The paper defines clouds and outlines it characteristics with its architecture and also provides information about various models. The paper majorly tells us about the issues, challenges and outcomes of cloud computing.


Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) following exposure to PPARγ-specific ligands resulted in growth inhibition in various carcinoma cell lines. Our aim was to elucidate the pathway of PPARγ2 activation-mediated modulation of cyclin D1 transcription in mouse hepatocytes. To address this we utilized stable control and PPARγ hepatocyte cell lines created via retroviral overexpression utilizing AML-12 hepatocytes. Addition of PPARγ ligand troglitazone (TZD) activated PPARγ2 in proliferating hepatocytes and resulted in growth arrest accompanied by a down-regulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclin D1, and β-catenin expression. Furthermore activation of PPARγ2 attenuated cyclin D1 promoter activity indicating a transcriptional regulation of cyclin D1. Since β-catenin plays a pivotal role in regulating cyclin D1 transcription, we studied whether PPARγ2-mediated inhibition of cyclin D1 transcription involved β-catenin. Interestingly overexpression of either wild-type or S37A mutant β-catenin was unable to rescue PPARγ2-mediated suppression of cyclin D1 transcription, whereas overexpression of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) was capable of antagonizing this inhibitory effect of PPARγ2. Additionally pretreatment with okadaic acid antagonized PPARγ2-mediated inhibition of cyclin D1 transcription without any effect on β-catenin expression. These studies also showed a TZD-mediated inhibition of total and phospho-CREBSer133 levels, CREB promoter activity, and cAMP-response element-mediated transcription in PPARγ hepatocytes. Pretreatment of PPARγ hepatocytes with okadaic acid, however, maintained higher total and phospho-CREBSer133 levels in the presence of TZD. These results indicated that PPARγ2 activation inhibited cyclin D1 transcription in hepatocytes via CREB-dependent and β-catenin-independent pathways.


The present invention relates to siRNA specific to gene related to liver cancer, and to a double-stranded oligo RNA structure including the same with high efficiency. The double-stranded oligo RNA structure includes a hydrophilic substance and a hydrophobic substance bound by simple covalent bonds or linker-mediated covalent bonds on both ends thereof. Therefore, the double-stranded oligo RNA structure can be efficiently transported into a cell. The double-stranded oligo RNA structures can be transformed into nanoparticles by a hydrophobic interaction thereof in an aqueous solution. The siRNA included in the double-stranded oligo RNA structures is desirably specific to a gene related to liver cancer which particularly is ZBTB7A, YAP1, or CHD1L. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for producing the double-stranded oligo RNA structure, and to a pharmaceutical composition including the double-stranded oligo RNA structure for preventing or treating cancer, particularly liver cancer.


After entering WTO, the advertising management of journal media must attach great importance on the fund supporting to the journal propaganda and the public opinion guiding, using the completely new advertising service and strategies to occupy the completely new advertising market. At the same time, the auther proposes new strategies of advertising management, which are the advertising covered market the advertising managemen science, and the advertising service depth.


This study provides an insight into the impact of probably the largest flood ever to have been identified in mainland Britain by examining new sedimentary evidence from the Auchteraw terrace, Fort Augustus, Scotland. Study of three sections reveals a succession consisting of: (1) sheet gravels; (2) large trough‐shaped depressions infilled with cross‐stratified sands and gravels; (3) smaller‐scale, finer‐grained cross‐strata; and (4) sheet‐like, occasionally channelized, bimodal sand and gravel beds. This study shows that both the sedimentology and morphology of the Auchteraw terrace are consistent with jökulhlaup deposition and reveal a greater variety of lithofacies types than identified in previous studies of jökulhlaups from ice‐dammed lakes. The fine‐grained nature of the sediment discussed in this study emphasizes the importance of sediment supply for the formation of distinctive jökulhlaup successions. The sedimentary evidence recorded here provides a valuable tool for the interpretation of the magnitude and frequency of proglacial meltwater flows associated with Pleistocene ice sheets worldwide.


Seaweed cultivation has a strategic role in fisheries development in Indonesia. Indonesia is the second largest seaweed producer in the world. Seaweed cultivation is relatively easy and low-cost. Therefore, there are many coastal communities in the small islands that culture it, including in Karimunjawa Islands. Thus, seaweed cultivation has a large contribution to the economy of coastal communities. The most cultivated species of seaweed in Indonesia is Eucheuma cottonii. The purpose of our research was to develop the growth model of Eucheuma cottonii cultivated in Karimunjawa Islands. We used 9 (nine) observation (basket) units that were measured the growth weekly for 42 days. Our research location was on the coastal waters of Kemojan Village, Karimunjawa Islands. This research has proven that the polynomial growth model has the largest R compared to the exponential model and the linear model. Based on polynomial growth model, the growth of E. cottonii follows the equation: Y = 0.29t2 + 49.73t + 1969.3 (R2 = 0.9967) that Y is the biomass of seaweed and t is the day of culture. This growth model can be used to estimate the seaweed biomass and profit related to the harvest time.


Electronic fetal hearth rate monitoring is the most common monitorization method used during intrapartum period. The aim of intrapartum fetal monitoring is to determine fetal hypoxia and acidemia during labor and to provide appropriate interventions. The aim of this review is to go through the fundamentals of fetal monitoring and its practices in obstetrics.


Aluminum, chromium, gold and polycrystalline silicon contacted metal–oxide–silicon devices with ultrathin (∼3 nm) thermal oxides have been compared regarding their electrical characteristics. The impact of the gate material on the features of the interface state density displays itself mainly as a change in the passivation dynamics during heat treatment of what appears to be one and the same as-grown dangling bond defect in all cases.


This Writing will describe the way of Asy'ariah's thinking in Islamic theology. By knowing it, we will understand Asy'ariah uniqueness than other Islamic theology schools. On the first fourth century of Hijriah, there were three schools in history of Islamic thought; Salafiah, Islamic philosophy and Mu'tazilah. Pioneered by al-Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, Slafiah based its thought on revelation (text) as the only one sources in understanding Islamic theology. Islamic philosophy school tended to use rational arguments in understanding Islamic theology, Mu'tazilah tried combining textual and rational arguments in understanding it, but giving priority to rational arguments than textual arguments. Contradicted with the schools above, Asy'ariah combined textual and rational arguments by considering text as guidance for ratio. Then, they consider that good and evil deed only could be known with revelation, not ratio. They also believe that ratio could know God's existence, but it could not know the obligation to believe and thank him except through revelation.


SUMMARY Aims: At the acute phase of cerebral infarction, the autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) is compromised. In this study, we explored the lower safety level of blood pressure (BP) for maintaining optimal CBF in acute cerebral infarction patients. Patients & methods: Acute middle cerebral artery territorial infarctions were screened. Patients who had single-photon emission computed tomography performed within 7 days following onset were enrolled (n = 30). The CBF ratio (ischemic:intact) was calculated at the border zone of the middle cerebral artery. Vascular lesions were assessed by magnetic resonance angiography. Results: The lowest BP level that maintained the CBF ratio ≥0.6 was 109 mmHg in patients with mild-to-moderate stenosis and 142/79 mmHg in patients with occlusion at the lesion side and stenosis at the intact side by the linear regression analysis. Conclusion: BP control should be carefully managed in acute stroke patients with occlusion and stenosis in the main arteries of the brain.


The paper includes a study concerning both replication mode of the PV projects in the Republic of Moldova and prioritization of suitable regional centers for construction of PV power plants taking into account different technical, economical and social indexes. Chisinau and Balti municipalities are not considered in this issue.


This paper gives an analysis of the present security and control problems on university campus computer network.An imminent problem is pointed out that the existing authentication system fails to meet the security requirements.Then a discussion is made on the design and applications of campus network user terminal access control system based on 802.1x and Web portal authentication techniques.A proposal is made of the real network organization design and means of applications for a certain university campus network to solve network security and control problems.


A rotationally resolved infrared spectrum of the transient molecule propadienone has been recorded in a low temperature jet using diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The molecule was generated by pyrolysis of acrylic anhydride. The spectrum arises from the intense C–O stretching mode of the molecule and several series of lines were identified using Loomis Wood plots. The most prominent series on the high frequency side of the band origin consists of both a- and b-type transitions.


This paper intends to deepen the relationship between teachers' professional development and technology as educational issue, through the discussion of a case study - the project Motus that combines research and intervention as core actions – focused on the introduction of mobile devices in nine Italian schools (located in Lombardy, Emilia and Marche). The outcome of the project, recently discussed, allows us to highlight some of the dynamics in teachers' innovation-related practices, reducing the weight of many conversations that combine innovation with technology, bypassing the human context in which the innovation would find place and meaning. The aim of the project was, in fact, to give teachers the opportunity to undertake a course on the pedagogical use of the device, and enquiry into the main pedagogical problems and opportunities related to the use of mobile devices in the classroom, with the support of a research center and the competence of a team of researchers: teachers were at the same time the main actors of the research - as researchers – and the most important "object" of the study, within the methodological framework (Blec Model) developed by Cremit.


In this paper, the author not only discusses the runthrough training modes for undergraduates, postgraduates and doctoral students in the course of cultivating elite talents, but also studies the current situations of cultivating talents in universities and colleges at home and abroad, and further analyzes the significance of run-through cultivation to those elites who may become the top-notch creative talents and technology leaders. Combined with the actual situation in our university, the author disserts the implementation methods of taking run-through cultivating modes in the process of fostering undergraduates, postgraduates and doctoral students, from which the author probes a series courses and sets a more prefect cultivating system for elite talents. Relevant ideas and methods are available for