The relationship between authority and literature has been one of the closest and oldest relations. It originated when politicians realized the significant role of poetry in supporting political systems, or opposing them. The role which poetry played in ancient times is similar to the role played by the mass media in modern times; mobilizing masses and forming their lives. On the other hand, poets also realized the great influence of monarchs and politicians and the importance of their power over humans. The poets preferred being in the security zone next to the ruler, away from the circle of danger, in which the public are situated. To them, approaching the authority meant receiving grants, acquiring influential power and gaining the attention of broad sectors of people. This research is a brief attempt to understand the relationship between poetry and politics, and the enticements that mar it. It is a study of "the poets of rebellion and rejection", those milestones in the history of Arabic poetry, who stood in the face of the authority. Some of them paid their lives for their choice, while the others kept their lives, but they were marginalized and had to live on the outskirts of society.


The purpose of this work is to determine the functional state of the brain of patients on the basis of the EEG, who underwent surgery under general anesthesia.The study was conducted in the surgical departments of various profiles on the basis of the Kharkov City Clinical Hospital of Emergency and Emergency Medical Care. prof. A. I. Meshchaninov.The study of the functional state of the brain by determining the bioelectrical activity of the brain, by conducting an EEG, was determined in two stages: before surgery and 3-5 days after surgery with general anesthesia.In a comparative analysis of the results obtained, a strong direct correlation is determined between the degree of regulatory changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain in the postoperative period and the age of the patients. Also, in a comparative analysis of the results, a strong direct correlation is determined between the degree of regulatory changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain in the postoperative period and the duration of anesthesia support. Given the above, we can recommend an EEG to assess the functional state of the brain of patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.


ABSTRACT Superconductivity is caused by the interaction between electrons by the exchange of bosonic excitations, however, this glue forming electron pairs is manifested itself by the coupling strength of the electrons to bosonic excitations. Here the doping and momentum dependence of the coupling strength of the electrons to spin excitations in cuprate superconductors is studied within the kinetic-energy-driven superconducting mechanism. The normal self-energy in the particle-hole channel and pairing self-energy in the particle-pariticle channel generated by the interaction between electrons by the exchange of spin excitation are employed to extract the coupling strengths of the electrons to spin excitations in the particle-hole and particle-particle channels, respectively. It is shown that below , both the coupling strengths in the particle-hole and particle-particle channels around the antinodes consist of two peaks, with a sharp low-energy peak located at 5 meV in the optimally doped regime, and a broad-band with a weak peak centred at 40 meV. In particular, this two-peak structure in the coupling strength in the particle-hole channel can persist into the normal-state, while the coupling strength in the particle-particle channel vanishes at the nodes. However, the positions of the peaks in the underdoped regime shift towards to higher energies with the increase of doping. More specifically, although the positions of the peaks move to lower energies from the antinode to the hot spot, the weights of the peaks decrease with the move of the momentum from the antinode to the hot spot, and fade away at the hot spots.


High‐capacity alloying‐type anodes suffer poor rate capability due to their great volume expansion, while high‐rate intercalation‐type anodes are troubled with low theoretical capacity. Herein, a novel mechanism of alloying in the intercalative frameworks is proposed to confer both high‐capacity and high‐rate performances on anodes. Taking the indium‐vanadium oxide (IVO) as a typical system, alloying‐typed In is dispersed in the stable intercalative V2O3 to form a solid solution. The alloying‐typed In element provides high lithium storage capacity, while the robust, Li‐conductive V−O frameworks effectively alleviate the volume expansion and aggregation of In. Benefiting from the above merits, the anode exhibits a high specific capacity of 1364 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 and an extraordinary cyclic performance of 814 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1 after 600 cycles (124.9 mA h g−1 after 10 000 cycles at 50 A g−1). The superior electrochemical rate capability of (In,V)2O3 solid solution anode rivals that of the reported alloying anode materials. This strategy can be extended for fabricating other alloying/intercalation hybrid anodes, such as (Sn,V)O2 and (Sn,Ti)O2, which demonstrates the universality of confining alloying motifs in intercalative frameworks for rapid and high‐capacity lithium storage.


Within the framework of bureaucratic, efficiency and effectiveness theories, an eclectic approach; the paper examines the prospects and implications of federal character principle on recruitment in the Nigerian public service so as to determine how the federal character has aided or hindered efficiency and productivity in the service. It observed that the federal character has hindered efficiency and productivity in the service. Yet, it has not really achieved its main objective of ethnic balancing and national integration in appointments and placement of civil servants at federal, state or local government levels rather it has been used the elite and politicians to serve their selfish interest by bringing in their own people to fill the positions allocated to their states and not necessarily giving all members of the ethnic groups level playing ground apply for such positions. The paper recommends that merit should be incorporated into the federal character principle and that whatever errors that might have occurred in recruitment as a result of the principle can be corrected through proper training and development within the Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs). The competition for quota should also be available to all and the federal character principle should be implemented judiciously, and transparently.


This thesis concerns with the efforts of female character, Katya, to get acknowledgement as the member of the crew from the male characters in David Gibbins Atlantis. David Gibbins? Atlantis shows how a woman can reach the equality with men, by showing the female character, Katya, facing the dangers equal with men. The thesis writer analyzes Katya?s efforts using literary approach to analyze his work. He will use the theory of characterization and conflict to reveal Katya?s efforts through the actions, speeches, and observations of the female main character and also through the ideas of several main characters. In discussing the efforts, the thesis writer divides the analysis into three parts. The first part discusses Katya?s effort by giving useful information. The second part explains about the Katya?s effort by translating the ancient script and interpreting it, and the last part the writer discusses Katya?s effort by becoming a competent negotiator. In the conclusion, the writer finds out that the presence of Katya gives a lot of advantages and solution for the crew. The efforts that Katya does can make the other crews respect and acknowledge her, and also not underestimate her anymore.


In the present article, a mathematical theory for the flow field within a Tesla disc turbine has been formulated in the appropriate cylindrical co-ordinate system. The basis of the theory is the Navier–Stokes equations simplified by a systematic order of magnitude analysis. The presented theory can compute three-dimensional variation of the radial velocity, tangential velocity and pressure of the fluid in the flow passages within the rotating discs. Differential equations as well as closed-form analytical relations are derived. The present mathematical theory can predict torque, power output and efficiency over a wide range of rotational speed of the rotor, in good agreement with recently published experimental data. The performance of the turbine is characterized by conceptualizing the variation of load through the non-dimensional ratio of the absolute tangential velocity of the jet and the peripheral speed of the rotor. The mathematical model developed here is a simple but effective method of predicting the performance of a Tesla disc turbine along with the three-dimensional flowfield within its range of applicability. A hypothesis is also presented that it may be possible to exploit the effects of intelligently designed and manufactured surface roughness elements to enhance the performance of a Tesla disc turbine.


In a hydraulic clearance compensator for use in internal combustion engines, especially in valve controls or belt or chain tensioners, which consists of an outer cylindrical section (2) closed off on one side by a base (1) inside which a piston (3) is guided longitudinally, wherein these two components form an oil pressure chamber (4) connected via a drilling (6) in the piston (3) closed off by a check valve (5) to an oil reservoir (7) and wherein the mutually corresponding surfaces of the cylindrical section (2) and the piston (3) define a leakage gap (8), in order to improve the bleeding of air from the oil pressure chamber (4) into one of the cylinder surfaces defining the leakage gap (8) there are flat longitudinal grooves (9) leading out from the pressure chamber (4) which taper on all sides towards the end of the leakage gap (8) opposite the pressure chamber (4) in such a way that they terminate in front of the end of the leakage gap (8) at least approximately in a point (10).


In the oral cavity, dental implants—most often made of commercially pure titanium—come in contact with bacteria, and antibacterial management has been researched extensively to improve patient care. With antibiotic resistance becoming increasingly prevalent, this has resulted in copper being investigated as an antibacterial element in alloys. In this study, the objective was to investigate the copper ion concentrations at which cyto-toxicity is avoided while bacterial inhibition is ensured, by comparing Cu ion effects on selected eukaryotes and prokaryotes. To determine relevant copper ion concentrations, ion release rates from copper and a 10 wt. % Cu Ti-alloy were investigated. Survival studies were performed on MC3T3 cells and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, after exposure to Cu ions concentrations ranging from 9 × 10−3 to 9 × 10−12 g/mL. Cell survival increased from <10% to >90% after 24 h of exposure, by reducing Cu concentrations from 9 × 10−5 to 9 × 10−6 g/mL. Survival of bacteria also increased in the same range of Cu concentrations. The maximum bacteria growth was found at 9 × 10−7 g/mL, probably due to stress response. In conclusion, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of Cu ions for these prokaryotes and eukaryotes were found in the range from 9 × 10−5 to 9 × 10−6 g/mL. Interestingly, the Cu ion concentration correlating to the release rate of the 10 wt. % Cu alloy (9 × 10−8 g/mL) did not kill the bacteria, although this alloy has previously been found to be antibacterial. Further studies should investigate in depth the bacteria-killing mechanism of copper.


of all the book's manifold sub-Frazerian absurdities is the information (p. 70) that "the rituals of the New Year ended with the quartering of victims at the four gates of the city, another form of integration of the four parts of the realm. There is an ancient tradition that each Emperor wished to disembarrass himself of the realm by handing it to another who then committed suicide, a real case of self-sacrifice." Myth is a language whose vocabulary of symbols is the natural and supernatural world, and these it adapts to fulfil an immense variety of purposes (not merely the two which the author includes—the putting across of political propaganda, and the explanation of natural phenomena). Each story is meaningful within its own context, and the inconsistencies between the stories are quite irrelevant. The illustrations are a delight; but the sensitivity with which they have been selected contrasts sadly with the clumsiness of the text.


The permeation of five volatile organic compounds found in Iberian ham aroma (n-hexanal, n-hexanol, n-decane, ethyl caproate, and d-limonene) through films of ultra-low-density polyethylene (ULDPE) and two metallocene copolymers was evaluated at 23 °C. Values of the diffusion, permeability, and solubility coefficients were determined. The polymer films were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, size exclusion chromatography, and oxygen permeability. Compared to ULDPE, the metallocene copolymers were lower in molecular weight, showed narrower molecular weight distributions, presented less crystallinity, and offered greater oxygen permeability. Solubility coefficient values were lower for compounds having higher polarity, and diffusion coefficients were higher for compounds of smaller molecular size. The permeability coefficients, which combine the effects of diffusion and sorption contributions, indicated that the films were more permeable to nonpolar small-size aromas. Overall, metallocene c...


We consider a large class of densities defined in terms of smoothness and tail conditions. Assume that we want to generate n iid random variables from a given density f in this class, and that the global cost of the generator is equal to the total number of evaluations of f. We demonstrate with the help of several examples how one can proceed to make the expected cost grow at a sublinear (o(n)) rate. Examples include the class of Lipschitz densities on [0, 1] with known Lipschitz constant, the class of bounded monotone densities on [0, 1], and the class of all densities with a characteristic function of bounded support and kth moment bounded by a given constant. In the last example, we proceed to show how Nyquist's theorem can be exploited to yield a generator with O(n1/(k−1)) expected cost.


A review is presented of the current state of knowledge concerning the emitted flux distributions of Ap stars and their ultraviolet photometric variability especially as it relates to photometric and spectrum variability observed in the visible. A table of Ap stars observed in the ultraviolet from space vehicles is presented along with a graph which shows the observed flux distributions, normalized to unity flux at 3320 A, for the Si star theta Aur and for the normal stars 134 Tau and gamma UMa. Attention is given to ultraviolet color indices and ultraviolet light curves for variable Ap stars.


ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical value and therapeutic efficacy of hepatic artery embolization (TAE) for treatment of massive hemorrhage due to advanced primary liver cancer rupture.MethodsForty-five patients treated with TAE in emergency because of massive hemorrhage due to advanced liver cancer rupture without operative indication were retrospectively analyzed. Eight of the 45 patients were treated with TAE combined with transceatheter arterial chemoembolization. Results The hemostasis was successfully achieved in all of the 45 patients,and no recurrence of acute bleeding and liver failure occured.ConclusionTAE is a safe,effective method and first-choosed in the treatment of advanced primary liver cancer rupture.


A design process of diffusing surfaces has been verified by comparing with acoustic parameters in different scale models of a concert hall. A 1:50 scale model was used to determine locations of the diffusers as the main diffusing surfaces, and a 1:25 scale model was used to determine the structural height and density of the stage diffuser by examining the amount of diffusion on the stage. In addition, a 1:10 scale model was used to design the exact shapes of the diffusers by measuring the scattering and diffusion coefficients of them. The diffusers were installed on the concert hall stage and sidewalls of the auditorium; acoustic parameters, such as EDT, G, C80, and Np were measured to examine the amount of diffusion in the hall. As a result, the relative standard deviations of the parameters RT, EDT, and G decreased, whereas Np values increased. In the case of Np, the change was consistent with the variation of the diffusion amount. In conclusion, when designing a diffusing surface in a concert hall, the...


Acculturative stress is the psychological impact of adaptation to a new culture. Immigrant students might face number of significant stressors that are likely to be pervasive, intense, and lifelong. This may occur due to adapting new languages, new climate, experiencing racial discrimination, homesickness or general lack of comfort with the other culture. To avoid acculturative stress emphasis should be given to anti-bullying policies and global peace. Students can cope up with this situation by integrating few life skills in their daily life. This paper defines and describes some life skills which are essential for immigrant students.


Victimization has been primarily studied within the broader peer group, leaving other potentially important contexts, such as friendship cliques, unexplored. This study examined the role of popularity in identifying protective factors that buffer against victimization within early adolescents' (N = 387) friendship cliques. Previously identified protective factors that buffer against victimization within the broader peer group were examined as moderators in the link between popularity and victimization within the friendship clique. Results showed that peer-group features operated as either vulnerability or protective factors, depending upon popularity, gender, and the form of victimization. At higher levels of popularity, receiving social support from clique members operated as a vulnerability factor for overt victimization, whereas preference served a protective function. Prosocial behavior directed toward clique members was protective against relational victimization for girls who were higher in popularity, but was a vulnerability factor for boys who were higher in popularity.


Introduction: Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became a global health problem since December 2019. No single treatment was found to be effective against COVID-19. Transfusion of COVID Convalescent Plasma (CCP) was found to be a useful and logistically feasible therapeutic strategy in COVID-19. Aim: To study the feasibility of single donor plasmapheresis for COVID-19, to analyse statistical significance of clinico- demographical data and biochemical parameters of convalescent plasmapheresis donors and to further study the adverse reactions and technical problems that occurred during the procedure of single donor plasmapheresis. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out over a period of 10 months from June 2020 to March 2021. The study included 235 screened donors and 50 procedures for single donor plasmapheresis (SDPs). Donors were selected as per the standard criteria given by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). All plasmapheresis procedures were performed on an automated blood cell separator. The results were tabulated and statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Results: Out of 235 prospective CCP donors, 164 (69.78%) were found eligible. The causes of non eligibility donors were unwillingness to donate, absence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody, Transfusion Transmitted Disease (TTD) positivity, and improper haematological parameters. Actual plasma donations were carried out in 50 (21.27%) eligible donors. Therapeutically needed amount of CCP (400 mL) could be collected from most of the donors. Adverse reactions were seen in 4 (8%) donors. Conclusion: Adequate amount of CCP could be collected by single donor plasmapheresis with satisfactory technical support. The procedure was well accepted by the prescreened donors with minimum adverse reactions.


This report considers various characteristics and impacts of guided urban public transport systems, including light rail transit (LRT) and guided buses. It discusses: (1) the variety of mass transit options becoming available during the 1990s into the 21st century; (2) their differing system qualities; (3) their environmental impacts; (4) public transport as a land use policy tool. To be of any value, an LRT system must usually be a network; thus it is important that comparisons should be made between schemes of similar quality. The greatest influences on system selection will usually be cost and urban structure, rather than environmental differences. Although guided buses are unlikely to achieve the same low emission levels, noise levels, and energy savings as LRT systems, such savings may take many years of use to justify on grounds of investment and environmental impact. At present, LRT systems generally seem to be more attractive to the British public, but it is not yet clear how far this is a temporary 'fashion' or how far the bus industry might later improve its 'image'. The success of any new public transport infrastructure will depend on its attractiveness. A strong case must be made for coordination between modes, rather than competition.


The objective of this study was to assess the ability of simple vertical wind models to improve the hazard prediction capability of an airborne Doppler sensor in a realistic microburst environment. The results indicate that in the altitude region of interest (at or below 300 meters), both the linear and empirical vertical wind models improved the hazard estimate. The radar simulation study showed that the magnitude of the performance improvement was altitude dependent. The altitude of maximum performance improvement occurred at about 300 meters. At the lower altitudes the percent improvement was minimized by the diminished contribution of the vertical wind. The vertical hazard estimate errors from flight tests were less than those of the radar simulation study.


The article is devoted to the instrumental aspects of public administration The essence of the instrumental approach in law is investigated, in which the legal norm is considered as the subject of socialization of an individual who seeks to adapt to the requirements of the social environment, while satisfying his needs. Attention is focused on the fact that the instrumental theory of law assumes that needs, interests and other intentions are first recognized and grouped depending on the degree of expression and presence in society. In this context, public administration can be viewed as a tool for achieving the goals of the state.
In terms of their content, public administration activities are always law enforcement, unlike, for example, law-making and the administration of justice. Although the rule-making element is present in public administration, it is not an end in itself, a secondary, auxiliary character, since the primary source of the legal status and features of the functioning of public administration is in any case the law.
The stages of public administration, which, in our opinion, can be described as follows. First, it is the definition at the constitutional level of the basic principles of interaction between a person and the state, the functioning of public authorities, human and civil rights and freedoms. Secondly, this is the development of laws, where the specified legal categories find their development, in accordance with the specified laws, public authorities, the legal status of which is provided for at the legislative level, receive their legal status. Thirdly, this is the preparation of a set of by-laws, providing for the creation of public administrations, which have the source of their formation is a by-law, for example, this applies to ministries and other central executive bodies. Fourthly, this is the stage of formation of public administrations operating on the basis of bylaws and the definition of plans for their activities. Fifth, this is, in fact, the very functioning of the public administration, depending on the goals and objectives, as well as plans that were identified at the previous stages. Sixth, this is the stage of control over the activities of the public administration, carried out both at the national and at the interdepartmental, departmental level, as self-control of the public administration, as well as public control (supervision) over its activities.
The conclusion was made that public administration as a legal instrument is a legal way to ensure the needs, interests and other intentions of individuals and legal entities by legislative and subordinate consolidation of the status of public administrations, their formation and recruitment, setting goals and planning their activities, direct enforcement and control different levels for its implementation.


Aim: Many high-latitude floras contain more calcicole than
calcifuge vascular plant species. The species pool hypothesis
explains this pattern through an historical abundance of
high-pH soils in the Pleistocene and an associated opportunity
for the evolutionary accumulation of calcicoles. To obtain
insights into the history of calcicole/calcifuge patterns, we
studied species richness-pH-climate relationships across a
climatic gradient, which included cool and dry landscapes
resembling the Pleistocene environments of northern Eurasia.
Location: Western Sayan Mountains, southern Siberia. Methods:
Vegetation and environmental variables were sampled at steppe,
forest and tundra sites varying in climate and soil pH, which
ranged from 3.7 to 8.6. Species richness was related to pH and
other variables using linear models and regression trees.
Results: Species richness is higher in areas with warmer
winters and at medium altitudes that are warmer than the
mountains and wetter than the lowlands. In treeless vegetation,
the species richness-pH relationship is unimodal. In tundra
vegetation, which occurs on low-pH soils, richness increases
with pH, but it decreases in steppes, which have high-pH soils.
In forests, where soils are more acidic than in the open
landscape, the species richness-pH relationship is monotonic
positive. Most species occur on soils with a pH of 6-7. Main
conclusions: Soil pH in continental southern Siberia is
strongly negatively correlated with precipitation, and species
richness is determined by the opposite effects of these two
variables. Species richness increases with pH until the soil is
very dry. In dry soils, pH is high but species richness
decreases due to drought stress. Thus, the species richness-pH
relationship is unimodal in treeless vegetation. Trees do not
grow on the driest soils, which results in a positive species
richness-pH relationship in forests. If modern species richness
resulted mainly from the species pool effects, it would suggest
that historically common habitats had moderate precipitation
and slightly acidic to neutral soils.


This paper explores bounded-time recovery (BTR), a new approach to making cyber-physical systems robust to crash faults. Rather than trying to mask the symptoms of a fault with massive redundancy, BTR detects faults at runtime and enables the system to recover from them – e.g., by transferring tasks to other nodes that are still working correctly. When a fault does occur, there is a brief period of instability during which the system can produce incorrect outputs. However, many cyber-physical systems have physical properties – such as inertia or thermal capacity – that limit the rate at which the state of the system can change; thus, a very brief outage is often acceptable, as long as its duration can be bounded, to perhaps a few milliseconds.BTR has some interesting properties: for instance, it has a much lower overhead than Paxos, and, unlike Paxos, it can take useful actions even when the system partitions or a majority of the nodes fails. However, it also poses a very unusual scheduling problem that involves creating sets of interrelated schedules for different failure modes. We present a scheduling algorithm called Cascade that can quickly find suitable schedules. Using a prototype implementation, we show that Cascade scales far better than a baseline algorithm and reduces the scheduling time from hours to a few seconds, without sacrificing quality.


The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the pandemic on smoking patterns in the border regions of Turkey, where access to cheaper tobacco products is easier. METHODS Data from a cross-sectional convenience sample of adults (n=204) were collected between 1 July and 1 August 2021, via face-to-face interviews, immediately after the opening of the borders. Approval to perform the study was provided by the Hopa District Governorship and the University Ethics committee. Data were collected using a single-page data collection form containing 26 questions. RESULTS male, and using percentage of smokers using roll-your-own tobacco was this increased to 6.8%. In contrast, product purchases from duty-free shops decreased from 10.2% to 2.5%, while those using non-taxed foreign cigarettes decreased from 3% to 0% (p<0.05). Regarding the amount of tobacco consumed, 65% of the participants reported no change, 21% reported increased use, and 14% reported a decrease in tobacco use. No significant difference was found between tobacco consumption during the pandemic and the economic conditions of the participants (p=0.72). However, the participants who opted for cheaper tobacco products reported experiencing financial difficulties during the pandemic (p<0.05).

http://www.populationmedicine.eu/pdf-154878-82645?filename=The effects of the.pdf


The title salt, C13H17N2O2+·BF4−, was prepared by the methylation of the imine with Meerwein salt in dichloromethane. The asymmetric unit comprises a 1,3,3-trimethyl-7-nitro-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium cation and a tetrafluoroborate anion. The coordination around the boron atom in the tetrafluoroborate anion is tetrahedral. The heterocyclic ring adopts a half-chair conformation. The crystal packing is governed by means of C—H⋯F contacts, which lead to the formation of a three-dimensional network.


James Aaron was born and raised in Pleasantville, a predominately African American neighborhood in Houston, TX. After highschool, he would join the People's Party II. He discusses growing up with Carl Hampton, segregation in Houston, the community activities of the People's Party II, and how he would become the leader of the party after the Dowling Shootout. He also talks in depth about the goal and purpose of the Rainbow Coalition, which comprised of the People's Party II, the John Brown Revolutionary League and the Mexican American Youth Organization.


To the Editor:— I have read the article inThe Journal, July 4, 1959, page 1147, by Dr. Nathan Frank, describing the cold foot as a postoperative sign of silent myocardial infarction. This would be an interesting observation if adequately substantiated. However, it is wise to exhibit caution on interpretations of such a positive sign without adequate pathological explanation of its pathogenesis. It would be tragic, indeed, if patients were not given the benefit of embolectomy or other definitive treatment directed at the extremities on the assumption that this could be due in some unexplained way to silent myocardial infarction. It is difficult to adequately interpret electrocardiograms from small reproductions such as those that accompany this article. However, after close scrutiny, I feel that in case 1 an anteroseptal infarction is certainly apparent, but I do not believe that its age can be determined from this tracing. In case 2


It is proposed that stimulated thermal backscattering in an inverted medium should be used to compensate for phase distortions. The conditions required to observe this effect are discussed. Results of numerical calculations are presented, confirming that a reversing "mirror" may be produced in an amplifying medium using stimulated thermal backscattering.


Objective
To investigate the correlation of absolute count of white blood cell, neutrophils and lymphocytes with disease severity and prognosis of patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH).

Methods
A total of 213 patients with sICH hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to May 2018 were selected as research objects. According to Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores during 3 months of follow-up, patients were divided into functional independent group (158 cases, mRS score 0-2) and poor prognosis group (55 cases, mRS score≥3 or dead). Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of white blood cell and its subsets count with ICH severity and the size of hematoma. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between white blood cell count, subsets count and 3-month outcomes.

Results
Spearman correlation analysis showed that the increase in white blood cell and neutrophil in early-middle stage, and decreased lymphocyte positively correlated with severe neurological deficits and large hematoma. According to multivariate Logistic regression analysis, lymphocyte reduction was an independently risk factor for unfavorable prognosis 3 months after treatment (OR=0.41, 95%CI: 0.18-0.94, P=0.036).

Conclusions
Lymphocyte reduction at early stage was an independent risk factor of 3-month unfavorable outcomes in sICH patients.

Key words:
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage; Lymphocyte reduction; Prognosis


non-BCS approaches is defined and solved. The parametric gap equations have been derived in a few equivalent cases and discussed in_ dissimilar limits. It is shown that the relations between the critical temperature and zero-temperature energy gap can be extended for all systems under con- sideration. The main benefits and incontestable advantage of the presented method are demonstrated with regard to the general BCS case. PACS numbers: 74.20.-z


Thank you very much for reading economic crisis management and challenges restructuring the indian economy. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen books like this economic crisis management and challenges restructuring the indian economy, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer.


He is interested in planning, scheduling, and coordination of design, manufacturing, and supply chain activities; configuration and operation of elevators and HVAC systems for normal and emergency conditions; schedule, auction, portfolio optimization, and load/price forecasting for power systems; and decision‐making under uncertain or distributed environments. Abstract: Group elevator scheduling has been recognized as an important problem for building transportation efficiency, since unsatisfactory elevator service is one of the major complaints of building tenants. The problem, however, is difficult because of complicated elevator dynamics, uncertain traffic in various patterns, and the combinatorial nature of discrete optimization. This talk starts with the optimized scheduling of a group of elevators with destination entry and future traffic information. By exploiting the separable problem structure, a two‐level formulation is established. A divide and conquer method is then developed while incorporating several innovative ideas for near‐optimal performance. When extending the above method to guide building‐wide emergency evacuations, it was found that most approaches ignore psychological behaviors of crowds. This makes it difficult to capture well‐observed features such as blocking and stampeding, resulting in poor evacuation performance. Based on psychological findings and simulation results, a novel egress model is established. It describes how an emergency event (e.g., fires and smoke) arouse a nonlinear collective desire of a crowd – the desired flow rate. Blocking is then the result when the desired flow rate exceeds the allowable rate as specified by the passage capacity. With this new dynamic behavior model, crowds are divided into groups, and guidance on individual groups (e.g., dynamic exit signs) are optimized and coordinated. Numerical testing and results demonstrate that, compared with existing methods, our method evacuates more people in less time.


The objective of evaluating surface irrigation systems is to identify management practices and system configurations that can be feasibly and effectively implemented to improve the irrigation efficiency. Two field experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr Elshiekh Governorate during two successive summer seasons (2006 and 2007) to study the evaluation of surge, alternative and continuous flow in furrow irrigation with cotton crop. A randomized complete block design with four replicates was used and the irrigation treatments were as follows; surge flow with cycle ratio 0.5 (5 min. on and 5 min. off or 10 min. on and 10 min. off), surge flow with cycle ratio 0.66 (10 min. on and 5 min. off or 20 min. on and 10 min. off), surge flow with cycle ratio 0.75 (15 min. on and 5 min. off or 30 min. on and 10 min. off), alternative furrow irrigation and continuous flow. The results indicated that the performance of the system during the evaluation was acceptable in case of surge flow at 0.75 cycle ratio with 30 min. on and 10 min. off in the two growing seasons. In case of continuous flow, the performance of the system was poor since about 48 percent of all water applied was lost from the field as runoff or deep percolation.


The paper deals with the static and dynamic modelling of the topical development in a dialect speaker's monologue. The model is represented by the invariative topical structure and variative topical development.


The chapters in this book deal with the statistics of suicide and attempted suicide in adolescence; a view of the psychodynamics of suicide; the assessment and aftercare of adolescents who take overdoses and threaten suicide; the role of the family and family therapeutic and individual psychotherapeutic approaches to treatment; the place of the school in dealing with adolescent self-destructiveness; and an account of an adolescent suicide awareness programme: known it


This Library guide will help staff and students find information and resources on building Links to eResource subscriptions, eBooks & streamed videos for TAFE NSW staff & students


We give some non-existence results for K\"ahler-Einstein metrics with conical singularities along a divisor on Fano manifolds. In particular we show that the maximal possible cone angle is in general smaller than the invariant R(M). We study this discrepancy from the point of view of log K-stability.


This study attempts to formulate strategies in strengthening the role of zakat boards and institutions in Indonesia from the perspectives of three zakat experts and practitioners by employing Analytical Network Process (ANP) method. While the indicators of zakat institutions' performance measured in this study are based on the National Zakat Indices (abbreviated as NZI), the alternatives of strategy are constructed through study of literatures. This study suggests that among four zakat institutions' indicators, the reporting of zakat shared the highest portion of the important indicators of amil's performance, followed by the collection, distribution and management of zakat. Besides, the study also finds the strategies that need to be given top priorities based on their orders, including; optimizing zakat distribution program, strengthening Information and Technology (IT) system, strengthening zakat regulation, improving database of zakat payers and beneficiaries, strengthening the synergy between zakat boards, institutions and other zakat stakeholders, strengthening human resources and improving socialization as well as education pertaining to zakat and the role of zakat boards and institutions.


Abstract : An experimental investigation is described in which emphasis is given to revealing the structure of turbulence near the wall in a boundary layer. Measurements made include space-time correlations between the fluctuating wall pressure and the span-wise velocity component w, and between the various velocity components. The velocity correlations include measurements of the space-time correlation of the streamwise component of the fluctuating wall shear stress. Experiments have been conducted in a thick (5 in.) turbulent boundary layer with zero pressure gradient which is produced by natural transition on a smooth surface. Sufficient data have been obtained to allow the proposal of a qualitative model for the structure of turbulence near the wall. The proposed model outlines the sequence of events that results in the production of intense pressure and velocity fluctuations by stretching of the vorticity after it is produced by viscous stresses within and near the edge of the viscous sublayer. The measurements are in qualitative agreement with the model. Qualitative agreement means that the size and shape of the contours of constant correlation and the sign of the measured correlations are in agreement with the proposed model for the turbulent structure. (Author)


This paper investigates the upward scalability of a cycloidal rotor (also known as a cyclorotor) from an aeromechanics standpoint while utilizing a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver and a lower order aeroelastic model. The CFD results show that the nondimensional thrust remains almost unchanged with increasing Reynolds number, while the nondimensional torque and power decrease significantly from Re=104 to 105, which clearly shows that the cycloidal rotor scales up favorably from thrust production and aerodynamic efficiency standpoints. The structural scalability study shows that as the cyclorotor size is increased, the blade weight per unit thrust remains constant; however, the blade stress increases monotonically if the rotor geometry is kept similar. This monotonic increase in the blade stress is found to be independent of the blade structural design. To bound the blade stress with increasing size, the diameter of the cyclorotor needs to be increased at a faster rate compared to the blade span, which reduces the rotor aspect ratio (blade-span/rotor-diameter). Proper scaling laws necessary to bound the blade stress are formulated. Utilizing these insights, an optimization framework based on a genetic algorithm is developed to determine optimal cyclorotor configurations for a thrust range from 1 to 1000 lb.


Purpose: To evaluate long-term treatment outcomes of intravitreal aflibercept monotherapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was performed with 46 patients who were diagnosed with PCV and treated with aflibercept monotherapy for 24 months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) values measured at diagnosis, 3 months, 12 months, and 24 months were compared. Baseline morphological factors associated with the 24 month BCVA were additionally investigated. Results: The mean age of the patients was 65.8 ± 7.9 years. The patients were treated with a mean of 7.0 ± 2.3 aflibercept injections. The mean logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA at diagnosis, 3 months, 12 months, and 24 months was 0.56 ± 0.40, 0.36 ± 0.36, 0.45 ± 0.42, and 0.52 ± 0.47, respectively. When compared with baseline values, the BCVA was significantly improved at 3 months (p < 0.001) and 12 months (p = 0.022). However, the value at 24 months was not significantly different (p = 1.000). The BCVA was improved or maintained in 35 eyes (76.1%). Extrafoveal polypoidal lesions were associated with a better 24 month visual outcome than subfoveal/juxtafoveal lesions. Conclusions: Aflibercept monotherapy was found to be an effective method to maintain or improve long-term visual acuity in PCV patients. The location of polypoidal lesions was a predictive factor for long-term visual outcomes. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2018;59(3):238-245


The special property of the NO\++ ligand which can be solvated by azide\|assisted labilization of the nitrosyl ligand in the Ru(Ⅱ) complexes was applied in the synthesis of the new complexes:NO\-2\|Ru (bpy)\-2 \|NC\|Ru\|(py)\-4\|CN\++,Cl\|Ru(bpy)\-2\|NC\|Ru(py)\-4\|CN\++,NO\-2\|Ru(bpy)\-2\|NC\|Ru(py)\-4\|CN\|Ru\|(bpy)\-2\|NO\+ 2+ \-2 and Cl\|Ru(bpy)\-2\|NC\|Ru(py)\-4\|CN\|Ru(bpy)\-2Cl 2+ (bpy=2,2′\|bipyridine,py=pyridine). The UV\|Visible spectra,the IR spectra and the photo\|luminescence properties of these complexes were studied. It has been shown from the elemental analysis, the UV\|Visible spectra and the IR spectra, that the new complexes we designed were prepared.It is very interesting that there are two different MLCT(metal\|to\|ligand charge transfer) process and two photo\|luminescence emission bands in one molecule. These special photophysical properties were the results of the special configuration and buildups of the different blocks in the new complexes. This will present the advantage for the study of the electron transfer within those molecules.


THE EFFECTS OF TIRE DEFLECTION, TIRE GEOMETRY, WHEEL LOAD, AND SOIL STRENGTH ON THE PERFORMANCE OF VARIOUS SINGLE PNEUMATIC TIRES WERE TESTED IN THE LABORATORY IN AIR-DRY SAND AND NEAR-SATURATED CLAY CONDITIONS. THE PERFORMANCE OF A SOLID RUBBER TIRE AND THREE RIGID METAL WHEELS WAS TESTED IN NEAR-SATURATED CLAY AND AIR-DRY SAND CONDITION RESPECTIVELY. MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSIONS WERE DEVELOPED THAT COMBINE THE INDEPENDENT SOIL AND TIRE PARAMETERS INTO DIMENSIONLESS FORMS THAT CORRELATE CLOSELY WITH DIMENSIONLESS TIRE PERFORMANCE COEFFICIENTS. THESE BASIC AND ALTERNATIVE PREDICTION TERMS WERE USED TO ANALYZE THE PULL/LOAD PERFORMANCE OF THE TIRES. FIELD TESTS OF WHEELED VEHICLES PRODUCED PULL PERFORMANCE SIGNIFICANTLY WORSE THAN THOSE OBTAINED IN THE LABORATORY. LARGELY UNINVESTIGATED FACTORS, PRIMARILY IRREGULAR SOIL PROFILES, SLIPPERINESS (FOR FINE GRAINED SOILS), AND OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS PECULAR TO WHEELED VEHICLES. THESE RELATIONS ARE HOWEVER SUFFICIENTLY WELL DEFINED AND BROADLY BASED TO PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR A TENTATIVE WHEELED VEHICLE PERFORMANCE SYSTEM AND A METHOD OF DESIGNING TIRES TO SATISFY PARTICULAR OFF-ROAD SITUATIONS.


In order to generate coefficients by which air temperatures in the past may be estimated from price data, Libby ( 1977) relates changes ill the price of wheat, and in the wheat equivalents of wages, to instrumentally recorded air temperatures.

However, the crucial effects on prices of changes in the population (and of demand generally) are neglected; the allowance made for the changing value of money ill terms of wheat is inadequate; and the suggested relationship between air temperatures and grain prices is not evident in the long term.

 Accordingly, the validity of temperature scales derived from correlations  Bengal be accepted.


We propose a multi-step procedure for constructing a lower confidence limit for the number of signals present. We derive the probability of a correct estimation, P(CE), and the least favorable configuration (LFC) for our procedure. Under LFC, the P(CE) attains its minimum over the parameter space of all eigenvalues. Therefore a minimum sample size can be determined in order to implement our procedure with a guaranteed probability requirement.


It has become a field of intensive research to exploit SAR tomography to reconstruct a 3-D model of the buildings. However, in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) SAR tomography, the double-bounce reflections of the building corner will cause symmetric virtual scatterers, affecting both the scattering coefficient and structure of the 3-D model. To solve this problem, the building corner reflection is discussed and compressive sensing (CS)-based corner reflection suppression (CSCRS) is proposed. In the final part of this letter, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using array InSAR data. It is found that the proposed method leads to considerable improvements with regard to suppression ratio and reconstruction accuracy.


The performances of seven neural network models for traffic control problems in multistage interconnection networks are compared. The decay term, three neuron models, and two heuristics were evaluated. The goal of the traffic control problems is to find conflict-free switching configurations with the maximum throughput. The simulation results show that the hysteresis McCullock-Pitts neuron model without the decay term and with two heuristics has the best performance. >


The east passage crossing of Narragansett Bay was forestalled by U.S. Naval operations until 1964, when a suitable site became available with the requirement that minimum clearances of 1600 ft horizontal and 205 ft vertical were maintained. This condition, plus esthetic requirements, demanded a suspension bridge. A central gorge in the alinement necessitated pile driving at great depths (100 ft and 140 ft) for the minimum span length. However, a longer main span length was found more expensive. Rock was located at minus 220 ft for the west tower pier and minus 432 ft for the east, and modified Potomac-type footings were selected. Pile cutoff was accomplished using a saturation diving unit. Footing forms were designed with variable buoyancy for controlled lowering. Of the remaining piers, some were constructed on piles or in the dry; and others on caissons drilled into rock, the technique used for the west anchorage. Significant features of the bridge superstructure include shop-fabricated parallel-wire cables, a unique cable anchorage, plastic rather than wire cable wrapping, and a new concrete deck curing-protective compound.


Hungary is among the countries in Europe most severely endangered by fl oods. Fourteen rivers entering Hungary from the mountainous area of the Carpathian Basin have high channel slope gradients which serve as a source of considerable fl ood hazard. The disastrous fl oods during the last decades in Hungary have been caused mainly by Tisza River and their tributaries situated on the eastern part of the Great Hungarian Plain (Alfold). These cases make necessary a thorough analysis of the extreme fl ood events to be carried out and the drawing of conclusions with recommendations to be made as for the immediate legal interventions. The present article outlines a river regulation program on the basis of a new concept. The purpose of this program beyond the increase of fl ood security is to improve the quality of life of the population concerned, extend water supply capacities, preserve natural resources and to provide fl ood risk management.


Less than 20 lecturers have had accounts and developed learning from a total of 104 lecturers. The quantity and quality of faculty of education lecturers who develop network-based learning at http://fip.unj.ac.id/hylearn are still very low. It is very unfortunate that the facilities provided and the eight departments within the faculty of education are social science groups, which in scientific studies have characteristics to be developed in the online learning format. Seeing the problems that have been conveyed, the researcher will conduct research that seeks information about the inhibiting factors for the faculty of education lecturers in developing online learning. The method used is a survey method which will produce data on inhibiting factors for lecturers when developing online learning. The location of this research is in the faculty of education, State University of Jakarta, while the data source for this development research is the lecturers.


Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is a glycoprotein comprised of two noncovalently linked subunits, or and p. The structure of TSH from a variety of species has been elucidated, including the amino acid sequence and carbohydrate composition.'Y2 Bovine TSH has been particularly well characterized and its a subunit has a molecular weight of 14,000, of which 11,000 is composed of a protein core of 96 amino acids and 3,000 represents two oligosaccharide units linked to asparagine residues. Bovine TSHP has a molecular weight of 15,000 of which 13,000 is comprised of a protein core of 113 amino acids and 2,000 represents one asparagine-linked oligosaccharide unit. TSH is structurally related to the pituitary gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), as well to the placental hormone chorionic gonadotropin (CG). Within a single species the a subunits from each of these glycoprotein hormones are virtually identical, whereas the p subunits are unique and confer immunologic, receptorbinding, and biologic specificity. Attainment of the conformation necessary for hormonal activity is dependent on proper assembly and carbohydrate processing of the TSH subunits, whereas the free subunits are essentially devoid of receptor binding and biologic activity.2


In this paper, we report the results of the ATA calculations of the band structures and the Fermi surface of V 1- x Mo x ( x =0.8, 0.5 and 0.2), Cr 0.5 Mo 0.5 and V 0.5 Nb 0.5 . In order to test the reliability of the ATA framework, the complex energy bands and the electronic density of states in V 0.5 Mo 0.5 and Nb 0.5 Mo 0.5 are calculated by the CPA. Any marked difference between the ATA and the CPA results are not found for these systems.


In front of the new situations, new opportunities, new challenges and new tasks, there must be innovations in united front work of colleges and universities, to improve the foreseeability of work. The intellectuals in colleges and universities must be innovative in their work, to improve the conscientiousness in putting "Three Representatives" into effect. The methods of ideological work must be innovative, to improve the effectiveness of work. The system of developing new generation of non-party individuals must be innovative, to improve the applicability of work, and further consolidate and develop the multi-party cooperation and political consultation system.


ABSTRACT. Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquitoes showed a significant reduction in susceptibility to infection with Ross River virus and Murray Valley encephalitis virus when they were fed on a blood‐virus mixture containing rabbit antibodies to mosquito midgut components. Presence of the antibodies did not demonstrably affect virus titres in infected mosquitoes, nor the transmission of virus from infected mosquitoes to vertebrates.


Emission of both longitudinal and surface (Rayleigh) waves duÞcg fracture of plates under conditions of plane stress and plane strain were studied experimentally. The non-equilibrated tensile stress sc the fractured section of the plate creates an elastic wave, which travels radially along the plate at the sound speed. Moreover, the high surface deformation around the crack tip, due to the high stress concentration there, propagates as a surface wave following fracture of this zone, at the respective Rayleigh wave speed with a circular wavefront. The influence of the thickness of the plate and the type of fracture (brittle or ductile) was examined and interesting results were derived, by utilizing a high speed photography technique.


Background:  Molluscum‐like cutaneous cryptococcosis (MLCC) is characterized by hypopigmented or skin‐colored papules with central umbilication. The histomorphological nuances of Cryptococcus neoformans infection that effect mimicry of molluscum contagiosum are undocumented. This histopathological study was undertaken to assess the histopathological characteristics of MLCC and to determine potential evolutionary pathogenetic mechanisms and significance.


This paper proposed a new method for solving mixed strategy pseud Nash equilibrium using particle swarm algorithm to reduce the complexity and consuming time of the solving process. After it introduced the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium theory,and gave the calculational form of mixed strategy Nash equilibrium and the concept of mixed strategy approximate Nash equilibrium. It gave the procedures for solving mixed strategy approximate Nash equilibrium by particle swarm algorithm.The simulation results show that approximate Nash equilibrium theory and the process of particle swarm algorithm are correct.Also the new particle swarm algorithm is more effective compared to former particle swarm algorithm.


Most hospitals use a single standard for an abnormal troponin level, but using sex-specific thresholds may be more appropriate. Researchers in Scotland


Parkinsonia aculeata L. is a species native to the Brazilian Caatinga and is used in folk medicine as an antihyperglycemic, antimalarial and amebicidal agent. This work evaluated the antioxidant and polyphenol content of Parkinsonia aculeata leaf extracts cultivated in the Brazilian Caatinga. P. aculeata aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts were investigated for their antioxidant capacities by four in vitro methods: DPPH radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, phosphomolybdenum and reducing power assays. The total polyphenol content was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Both extracts showed high activity, while the methanolic extract had the best results in all antioxidant systems (p < 0.001). These results can be explained by higher polyphenol content found in this extract. Our results showed that P. aculeata extracts displayed potent antioxidant and radical scavenging properties, supporting the ethnomedical use of this plant for treatment of diseases.


Rag‐1 and Rag‐2 are the critical components of the V‐(D)‐J recombinase required for site‐specific recombination of the antigen receptor genes. In this study, we have examined the ability of recombinant (r) Rag‐1 and Rag‐2 to bind the recombination signal sequences (RSS) and have determined that rRag‐1, but not rRag‐2, is able to directly bind DNA. rRAG‐1 DNA binding activity was found to reside within a novel amino‐terminal arginine‐rich (RR) domain with partial homology to a variety of nucleic acid binding domains. Although the RR‐domain did not demonstrate RSS‐specificity, this DNA binding domain may stabilize the interaction of RAG‐1 with, or increase the affinity for, the V‐(D)‐J recombination signals.


A recently developed semiclassical procedure for calculating collision induced dissociation probabilities Pdiss is applied to the collinear collision between a particle and a Morse oscillator diatomic. The particle–diatom interaction is described with a repulsive exponential potential function. Pdiss is reported for a system of three identical particles, as a function of collision energy Et and initial vibrational state of the diatomic n1. The results are compared with the previously reported values for the collision between a particle and a truncated harmonic oscillator. The two studies show similar features, namely: (a) there is an oscillatory structure in the Pdiss energy profiles, which is directly related to n1; (b) Pdiss becomes noticeable (≳10−3) for Et values appreciably higher than the energetic threshold; (c) vibrational enhancement (inhibition) of collision induced dissociation persists at low (high) energies; and (d) good agreement between the classical and semiclassical results is found above...


DNA origami enables the bottom-up construction of chemically addressable, nanoscale objects with user-defined shapes and tailored functionalities. As such, not only can DNA origami objects be used to improve existing experimental methods in biophysics, but they also open up completely new avenues of exploration. In this review, we discuss basic biophysical concepts that are relevant for prospective DNA origami users. We summarize biochemical strategies for interfacing DNA origami with biomolecules of interest. We describe various applications of DNA origami, emphasizing the added value or new biophysical insights that can be generated: rulers and positioning devices, force measurement and force application devices, alignment supports for structural analysis for biomolecules in cryogenic electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance, probes for manipulating and interacting with lipid membranes, and programmable nanopores. We conclude with some thoughts on so-far little explored opportunities for using DNA origami in more complex environments such as the cell or even organisms. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biophysics, Volume 50 is May 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.


This study compares the response of the muscles of the hand to those of the face during non‐depolarising neuromuscular blockade. It was found that observation of the facial muscles was misleading both in terms of degree of neuromuscular blockade and adequacy of reversal.


Of all the cardiac arrhythmias seen in clinical practice, atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. AF is the most common sustained arrhythmia and is associated with an increased risk of stroke, heart failure, dementia, and death.1–3 In developed nations overall prevalence of AF is 0.9% and the number of people affected is projected to more than double over the next 2 decades.3,4 VT/VF is the most important immediate cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Incidence of SCD is estimated to be 4 to 5 million cases per year worldwide.5,6 Thus arrhythmias and SCD are among the most significant manifestations of cardiovascular diseases worldwide, but their underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Arrhythmogenic substrates may be established by ischemia, infarction, heart failure and genetic mutations, all of which may cause inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, interstitial fibrosis, fatty infiltration, and changes in the 3-dimensional cellular architecture of the working myocardium.7,8 Over the last 17 years, the study of the molecular genetic basis of monogenic cardiac rhythm disorders, together with characterization of functional expression and biophysical properties of mutant channels from patients with inheritable ion channel diseases, has significantly advanced our understanding of the molecular basis of cardiac arrhythmias.9 Yet, this clearly has not been sufficient. Despite such advances, predictable prevention of AF or VF is currently not possible and the development of effective antiarrhythmic pharmacological agents has been extremely difficult.

Not all questions related to arrhythmia mechanisms are directly answerable by reductionist experiments such as DNA sequencing or patch clamping. There is a hierarchy of questions whose levels are determined by the generality of the answers sought. Thus the question of what a mutation in an ion …


This paper studies some policy implications of the habit persistence model of Harl E. Ryder and Geoffrey M. Heal (1973) for a small open economy. It is shown that often the policy implications of the model that are consistent with the findings in the asset pricing literature are in conflict with the more widely understood implications that were previously derived from Hirofumi Uzawa's (1968) utility function. Copyright 1996 by Ohio State University Press.


Renewable power production can help countries to meet their sustainable development goals through provision of access to clean, reliable, secure, and affordable energy. A number of wind, hydropower and solar photovoltaic capacity power projects were installed worldwide every year in a renewable energy market having capacity more than a hundred billion USD annually. In recent years, an impressive reduction is being seen in renewable energy Portability improvement of technological devices has not been followed by energy accessibility of its batteries. Taking into account the low power consumption parameter of a variety of portable devices, the concept of energy harvesting from environmental sources and human body has gained a new significance. In the search of methods and materials that go with this need, are the energy generated methods from the piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity and electromagnetism. This research gives the ways and future trend of energy harvesting methods, as well as its mechanisms in portable medical devices with low power consumption. In this research, we will focus on energy harvesting. Total illumination is calculated against the total time of harvesting. The experiment has been carried out in an environment which contains some consuming units with total number of rooms. The width and height of the room are considered to be identical i.e. 100×100 having harvesting time of 10 hr. There are three environment in which experiment has been done these are • Sunny • Cloudy • Dark and other type. Total illumination is calculated with and without optimization. ABC (Artificial Bee colony) algorithm is used for the optimization and the results obtained are compared with the without optimization results.


THE AUTHOR has often referred to the solutions of certain classical heat-flow problems as a method of analyzing the more practical heat-flow problems of induction heating. Certainly others have done the same but surprisingly little has been published on the subject. Several difficulties confront the average engineer considering such an approach. In the first place, the mathematics used in the solution of classical heat flow problems is rather formidable and strange to many. Like anything else, the mathematics becomes understandable and appears simple enough when one masters it, but this requires time and effort and is a deterrent to the practicing engineer. An even greater deterrent is the fact that the numerical evaluation of the solution is often tedious or may even involve an arbitrary function which must be integrated for the special case of the problem at hand before numerical evaluation is possible. Two classical heat-flow problems are selected in this paper for evaluation and use in the analysis of induction billet heating. To overcome the difficulties cited, the solutions are reduced to simple formulas and dimensionless curves. The general plan of presentation is 1. to evaluate and extend the classical solutions to obtain working formulas and curves, and 2. to show how these may be used to analyze the relationships involved in induction billet heating. As usual, it will be necessary occasionally to introduce logical approximations in applying the classical solutions.


In the moving railway carriage a tennis ball bounces up and down. Though its path through space is parabolic, any object dropped within the carriage falls vertically to the floor. Looking out of the window, the passenger, whose proprioceptors indicate he is in a state of stillness, sees the embankment moving past. One coordinate system describes the carriage as still and the embankment outside the windows asmoving, the other posits the carriagemoving past a still earth. Sudden application of the brakes to a carriage described as at rest can be explained as the rapidly slowing earth in the first coordinate system. The jolt from brakes and the sudden slowing of a moving carriage is described as a spatial rather than a temporal phenomenon in the second coordinate system.


Objective:To observe treatment efficacy and safety of unstable angina pectoris with plavix.Methods:A total of 88 unstable angina pectoris patients were randomly divided into two groups,including therapy group(47 patients) and control group(41 patients).The patients in control group took aspirin,nitrate esters,β-receptor blocking drugs,calcium antagonists,statins.Patients in therapy group were treated additionally with plavix.After the treatment course which was 3 months the effect of treatment was studied.Results:The efficiency of therapy group was 93.6% and the efficiency of control group was 75.6%.The efficiency of therapy group was obviously higher than that of control group(P0.05).Conclusions:The therapy effects of plavix in treating unstable angina pectoris were valid.


Ž . Multilayer thin films with perovskite structures were produced by the polymeric precursor method. SrTiO BaTiO STO BTO 3 3 Ž . Ž . multilayers were deposited on Pt 111 Ti SiO Si 100 substrates by the spin-coating technique and heated in air at 700 C. The 2 microstructure and crystalline phase of the multilayered thin films were examined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy Ž . Ž . Ž . FE-SEM , transmission electron microscopy TEM , resolution-high transmission electron microscopy HRTEM , atomic force Ž . microscopy AFM and X-ray diffraction. The SrTiO BaTiO multilayer thin films consisted of grainy structures with an 3 3 approximate grain size of 60 nm. The multilayered thin films showed a very clear interface between the components. The SrTiO BaTiO multilayer thin films revealed dielectric constants of approximately 527 and loss tangents of 0.03 at 100 kHz. The 3 3 dielectric constant calculated for this multilayer film system is the value of the sum of each individual component of the film, i.e. Ž . Ž . the total value of the sum of each SrTiO STO and BaTiO BTO layer. The multilayer SrTiO BaTiO obtained by the 3 3 3 3 polymeric precursor method, also showed a ferroelectric behavior with a remanent polarization of 2.5 C cm2 and a coercive field of 30 kV cm. The multilayer films displayed good fatigue characteristics under bipolar stressing after application of 1010 switching cycles. 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


In 2009, the former Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR and President of Georgia E.A. Shevardnadze published his memoirs in Russian, which contain an "explosive" plot: while visiting China in February 1989, during his meeting with Deng Xiaoping, a lengthy dispute over border and territorial issues occurred. At that time, Deng allegedly expressed his point of view that vast lands of the Soviet Union, from three to four million square kilometers, belonged to China. Chinese can wait patiently until someday the lands return to China. This content is cited in scientific works by many historians from different countries as an argument. However, there is no other evidence which can prove this recollection. Many details in it contradict the well known historical facts or are completely illogical. There is a good reason to believe that the plot in the memoirs of Shevardnadze is an incorrect recollection. It could even be considered as a made-up story. Moreover, it is possible that it was fabricated for some reasons. Hence, the plot is not worthy of being quoted as a reliable source. At the Sino-Soviet summit Deng Xiaoping did have expressed the point of view that in the past Russia and then the Soviet Union cut off millions of square kilometers of land from China, but at the same time he promised the leader of the Soviet Union that China would not make territorial claims. Since the mid-1980s Deng Xiaoping actively promoted the settlement of the Sino-Soviet border issues through negotiations, which led to the result that 99% of the border between Russia and China was delimited on a legal basis in the last years of his life. At present, the problems of the Sino-Russian border have been finally resolved long ago. There is no doubt that the scientific research and discussions on issues related to territory and borders in the history of Sino-Soviet relations can be made. However, such research and discussions should be based on reliable sources.


Results from major published research programs related to assessment and alleviation of potential LNG hazards are described. Topics covered include: vaporization and dispersion from LNG spills, boiling heat transfer rates for LNG on water, superheat 'explosions,' tank stratification and rollover, thermal radiation from LNG pool fires, detonation conditions, pool spread and thermal radiation from ignited LNG releases on water, deflagration of natural gas - air vapor clouds, and LNG fire control and suppression research. In addition to descriptive material, an extensive bibliography is included and future research needs are suggested.


Experiments using a planar metal disc flyer driven by explosives and a cylindrical chamber was designed to synthesize cubic silicon nitride with the mixtures ofα-Si3N4 and copper powders as starting materials. Shock-compressed samples were successfully recovered. The recovered samples were nitrated to resolve copper, and the separated silicon nitride powders were analyzed by XRD. The results indicate that most ofα-Si3N4 are transformed into cubic silicon nitride when a shock pressure larger than 50GPa and a matched shock temperature simultaneously load onα-Si3N4. The experiments provide a shock compression technique that can synthesize cubic silicon nitride in the order of gram mass in one test run, which lay the foundation for conducting further investigation on the properties and performance of cubic silicon nitride.


With the improvement of human material life and spiritual life, the people environmental protection consciousness. Agricultural landscape is an important part of urban ecological system, to improve the human survival environment, maintain the ecological balance plays an important role. Urban scale expansion, the rural area of narrow, away from the nature of people to the agricultural civilization and agricultural culture to produce strong interest. This paper with the development of urban agriculture and agricultural landscape in the city existence and development prospects are analyzed.


Abstract The aim of the article is to analyze the seams connecting the covering textiles in paraglider wing and estimate their physical strength. The most extreme flight parameters (the angle of attack and velocity) in the numerical model of the wing allow the determination of the mean pressure inside the contour and the maximal difference between the pressures on the inner and the outer material surfaces. The preprocessing stage and numerical calculations in Ansys environment consider three different covering materials. The tool Porous Media is used to create the objects of a given value of air permeability. The estimated parameter of seam is the maximal pressure difference between both sides of the covering material, which that interacts with the test results. The quality index of the seam is defined by the maximal force to seam rupture and relative elongation during rupture. The obtained results indicate that the seams are resistant to the pressure difference caused by the most extreme flight parameters.


Predicting the exit (e.g. bankrupt, acquisition, etc.) of privately held companies is a current and relevant problem for investment firms. The difficulty of the problem stems from the lack of reliable, quantitative and publicly available data. In this paper, we contribute to this endeavour by constructing an exit predictor model based on qualitative data, which blends the outcomes of three classifiers, namely, a Logistic Regression model, a Random Forest model, and a Support Vector Machine model. The output of the combined model is selected on the basis of the majority of the output classes of the component models. The models are trained using data extracted from the Thomson Reuters Eikon repository of 54697 US and European companies over the 1996-2011 time span. Experiments have been conducted for predicting whether the company eventually either gets acquired or goes public (IPO), against the complementary event that it remains private or goes bankrupt, in the considered time window. Our model achieves a 63% predictive accuracy, which is quite a valuable figure for Private Equity investors, who typically expect very high returns from successful investments.


This study investigated the effects of the television miniseries Shogun on adolescent viewers. Specifically, it assessed the influence of exposure to Shogun on knowledge of Japanese language, history, and customs, attitudes of a closer social distance with the Japanese, and Japanese stereotype. Exposure was a predictor of knowledge of Japanese language, history, and customs. It was a more limited predictor of social distance. Exposure to Shogun was not found to affect Japanese stereotype.


M.'s remarks (Proleg., pp. lxiv-lxv) on the value of the collection of Augustus' Dicta et Apophthegmata are just. It may be worth while, therefore, to suggest a few items to supplement the sixty-five she has assembled. (1) Suet. Aug. 53 'quasi elephanto stipem', or better, Macrob. Sat. ii. 4. 3, which professes to quote Augustus' own words. (2) Suet. ibid. 54, 'Antistius Labeo . . . interrogatusque ab eo an essent alii digniores. .. respondit'. The manner in which Augustus conveyed to Labeo his objection to the nomination of Lepidus is surely of interest; cf. Cassius Dio liv. 15. 7. (3) Suet. ibid. 82. 2 (adJin.), Augustus' use of a Spanish word 'duretum'. (4) ibid. 94. 7, a juvenile 'iussum'! (5) ibid. 97. 1, 'se . . . negavit suscepturum quae non esset soluturus'. (6) Velleius, ii. 104 and Suet. Tib. 21 (A.D. 4): see above. (7) Velleius, ii. 60, 'dictitans nefas esse, quo nomine Caesari dignus . . . indignum videri'. (8) Suet. Tib* 17. 2, 'sed de cognomine intercessit Augustus, eo contentum repromittens, quod se defuncto suscepturus' (A.D. 10). (9) Cassius Dio liv. 3, TO Srjuoaiov sit trial of M. Primus (in A.D. 24?): cf. n. (6) above. An Augustan cliche. (10) Suet. Aug. 45, 'patrem Caesarem vulgo reprehensum commemorabat, quod . . . vacaret'. ( n ) Macrob. Sat. ii. 4. 30, the excellent stories about salutatory ravens, with Augustus' quip, 'satis domi salutatorum talium habeo'. Add two more Edicta: (12) Suet. Aug. 89 'admonebat praetores ne paterentur nomen suum commissionibus obsolefieri' (cf. Suet. Gramm. 17 for 'commissiones') 5(13) Suet. Aug. 44 'edixeratque mulieres ante horam quintam venire in theatrum non placere'. And, last of all, surely somewhere among the collected works there should be a mention of the diary that Augustus wrote up so assiduously each day after dinner, Suet. Aug. 78 (cf. ? 64). The reviewer hopes that this contribution of pisciculi will be accepted as an offering of gratitude for benefits received over a period of many years.


This artcle deals with a lot of technical progress factors with the aid of Analytical Hierarchy Progress.It makes a quantitative analysis of technical innovation,management innovation and system innovation in economic growth.


In order to eliminate the impact of stench on the environment,a sewage treatment plant in Nantong is taken as an example for analysis.On the basis of analysis about the source strength of stench in the sewage treatment plant,the two pollution factors—ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are selected and assessed,the guidelines recommended mode is used to predict the influence on the plant community and residential areas,and also the effective control measures are put forward to guide sewage treatment plant under the normal operation.The results reveal that the stench of sewage treatment plant has little effect on the surrounding residents when the effective protective measures are taken.


"Empty nest" is increasingly becoming a main living way of the urban elderlies.The proportion of empty nest elderlies in cities and towns in Guangdong have more than half.Although the empty nest elderlies in Guangdong cities and towns is relatively satisfaction to their life,but they face many problems and difficulties.Community must vigorously develop the oldage services to adapt to their vast needs,and resolve their difficulties and risks,to improve their quality of life.


ways. Though the curricular objectives may be simi lar for all students; and although the standards by which we are being held accountable may be similar for all learners, it does not follow that all students can be taught to high curricular standards through standardized instruction. In fact they cannot be. Karen Kilgore and her associates (p. 7), in the sec ond part of their two-part article, show how restruc turing a middle school through inclusion has led to differentiated instruction in the classroom. Renee


Secure 2.5 Gbit/s, 16-ary optical code division multiplexing (OCDM)-based block-ciphering with on-line XOR using a single multi-port optical en/decoder and its 50 km-long fiber transmission with true clock recovery is experimentally demonstrated for the first time.


Abstract Some carbocyclic uridines and cytidines have been dihydroxylated in an osmium catalyzed reaction. Besides the nucleoside analogues, the anti forms, the diastereomeric syn forms were formed. These could be separated and tested with regard to antiviral activity.


This paper describes a robotic approach to combined gastrointestinal continuity restoration and complex abdominal wall reconstruction after Hartmann's procedure complicated by large midline and parastomal hernias.


Our paper provides a quantitative analysis of market behavior for the purchase of energy efficiency in residential appliances and heating and cooling equipment. Accurate forecasts of residential energy use require quantitative assessments of market decisions about energy efficiency. The results of our investigation of market behavior can lead to a better understanding of the barriers to investment in energy conservation. Understanding market behavior over time is a prerequisite to an evaluation of the need for and the importance of policies to promote energy efficiency.


A new determination method of cellulase activity—gel diffusion-tissue blot was described.This paper provided the basic principle,operation procedures and calculation methods for cellulase assay,and applied this method to analyze the activity of cellulase in the abscission layer in longan pedicle during fruit abscission.The results showed that this method had advantages such as less material requirement,high sensitivity,good reproducibility,simple operation,and saving time and labor,and it is very suitable for the determination of cellulase activity in abscission layer.


This journal has published many articles on the science of climate change (e.g. Brugge, 1996; Collins and Senior, 2002; Hawkins, 2011; Holden and Adamson, 2002; Lamb, 1959, 1970; Mann, 2001; Peel, 1991; Pittock, 1972; Pope, 2013; Sawyer, 1971; Zhong and Haigh, 2013), but this month, we publish a paper that may well surprise many readers. On p. 280, Dr Colin Clark describes the longperiod weather records from two stations in rural Somerset that do not appear to show the trend of warming we should all expect to see due to the anthropogenic addition of carbon-bearing gases into the atmosphere. Whether or not there is any significance in Clark's data, it is clear that the effects of greenhouse gases will vary in both time and space. There is always a need for wellargued points of disagreement to be published, reflecting observed data, allowing us all to think more deeply about this crucial subject. Linear trends may not become apparent for decades in some areas, whilst in others the apparent effects may be exaggerated (Kendon, 2014; Sexton and Harris, 2015). Nonetheless, we all need to be very careful about the interpretation of data from a small selection of stations over a relatively short period (Lamb, 1959, 1970; Davis, 2015). In part, the concern of the scientific community about any apparent lack of a warming trend is a reaction to both the sceptics, who often cannot reconcile the vastness of Earth, its atmosphere and its oceans with the centuries-long human struggle to survive. Yet more remember that there is a natural variability associated with recent ice ages that are the result of the Milankovič cycles (Hays et al., 1976), associated with the present-day distribution of the continents and oceans. For many, there is the worry that the cost of action to struggling economies may be too much to bear (Castree, 2015), especially if the expected changes bring warmer weather to the polar latitudes! Although our science and the papers we publish are objective, some aspects are not beyond questioning (Castree, 2015). Clearly, we took a risk accepting Clark's paper for publication. However, it is clear that Weather should reflect all variability in record: new evidence of recent warming. Weather 57: 119–127. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 1990. Climate change: the IPCC scientific assessment. Cambridge University Press. IPCC. 1995. IPCC Second Assessment Report. Cambridge University Press. IPCC. 2001. Climate Change 2001. Synthesis Report. Cambridge University Press. IPCC. 2007. Climate Change 2007. Synthesis Report. Cambridge University Press. IPCC. 2014. Climate Change 2014. Synthesis Report. Cambridge University Press. Jones R, Bodman R. 2014. 'Wait and see' on climate? No, the science is clear: act now. The Conversation, 29 September. http://theconversation.com/wait-andsee-on-climate-change-no-the-science-isclear-act-now-32147. Kendon M. 2014. Has there been a recent increase in UK weather records? Weather 69: 327–332. Lamb HH. 1959. Our changing climate, past and present. Weather 14: 299–318. Lamb HH. 1970. Climatic variation and our environment today and in the coming years. Weather 25: 447–455. Mann ME. 2001. Climate change during the last millennium. Weather 56: 91–102. Peel DA. 1991. Polar ice cores and climate history. Weather 46: 95–102. Pittock AB. 1972. How important are climatic changes? Weather 27: 262–271. Pope J. 2013. Quantifying uncertainty in climate science. Weather 68: 69. Sawyer JS. 1971. Possible effects of human activity on world climate. Weather 26: 251–262. Sexton DMH and Harris GR. 2015. The importance of including variability in climate change projections used for adaptation. Nature Clim. Change doi:10.1038/ nclimate2705. Strangeways IC. 2015. A Global Reference Climate Network. Weather 70: 124–129. Zhong W, Haigh JD. 2013. The greenhouse effect and carbon dioxide. Weather 68: 100–105. data from the well-maintained long-period station network available to us in Britain. We fully expect a surge of protest from the scientific community and hope this will generate more correspondence on the subject. However, it should be made absolutely clear that the Royal Meteorological Society and the Editorial Board of Weather recognise the clear signal of a warming planet, supported by data from the Global Climate Observing System (Strangeways, 2015), apparent from the known radiative effects of the addition of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Because somewhat less is known about the transfer and exchange of these gases and sensible heat between media, there will be some degree of variability in the observed trends, but as our knowledge grows, we will come to understand this variation increasingly well, as demonstrated by the sequence of Assessment Reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 1990, 1995, 2001, 2007, 2014). Indeed, there are good reasons to believe that more action should be taken by governments to reduce global warming significantly, in view of the strong science emerging from these reports (Jones and Bodman, 2014).


The temperature dependence of the generalized order parameter, namely the rotation angle of the Nb${\mathrm{O}}_{6}$ octahedron, at the antiferrodistortive transition in the perovskite crystal NaNb${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, is derived through the high-resolution analysis of the second-order quadrupole shift of $^{23}\mathrm{Na}$ NMR spectra. The second-order character of the transition and the small value of the apparent critical exponent for the order parameter are critically discussed in the framework of a renormalization-group approach for a system with an effective Hamiltonian of cubic symmetry and an anisotropic dispersion in the static structure factor.


High-altitude platform stations (HAPSs) are expected to provide ultrawide-coverage areas and disaster-resilient networks from the stratosphere at around 20 km by installing wireless equipment on HAPS. Because their altitude is much lower than that of communications satellites, HAPSs can provide mobile communications services directly to smartphones, which are commonly used in terrestrial networks, such as fourth generation Long Term Evolution. Considering the widespread nature of mobile broadband communications and the importance as a backup line in case of disaster, HAPSs are expected to provide a large capacity in the future. A cellular system with single-cell frequency reuse using multiple cells similar to terrestrial mobile communications should be introduced to achieve such a capacity. The number of cells that a HAPS can accommodate ranges from 1 to more than 100, depending on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ability. By contrast, the optimal cell configuration, which depends on the number of available cells, has not been clarified in previous research. In this paper, we propose an optimization method for the cell configuration for HAPS mobile communications using a genetic algorithm, which can be generally applied regardless of the number of cells and can clarify the optimal cell configuration. Although many cells are required to achieve gigabit-class HAPS mobile communications, the heightened power consumption due to the large number of cells is a critical problem for UAVs. Thus, we also investigate the reduction of the total transmission power and demonstrate the feasibility of energy-efficient gigabit HAPS mobile communications with wide coverage.


ABSTRACT Artificial immune system (AIS) algorithm based on clonal selection method can be defined as a soft computing method inspired by theoretical immune system in order to solve science and engineering problems. Support vector machine (SVM) is a popular pattern classification method with many diverse applications. Kernel parameter setting in the SVM training procedure along with the feature selection significantly impacts on the classification accuracy rate. In this study, AIS based on Adaptive Clonal Selection (AISACS) algorithm has been used to optimise the SVM parameters and feature subset selection without degrading the SVM classification accuracy. Several public datasets of University of California Irvine machine learning (UCI) repository are employed to calculate the classification accuracy rate in order to evaluate the AISACS approach then it was compared with grid search algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach. The experimental results show that the feature reduction rate and running time of the AISACS approach are better than the GA approach.


The term 'orthotic device' predates the 1970s. Historically, the biomechanical literature on foot orthoses (FOs) has predominantly focused on kinetic and kinematic analysis.Authors are repeatedly s...


Table I-Chemical Composition of Monostroma sp. from Okha Coast from Okha is comparatively very small in size (2-10 cm length and 1-2 cm breadth) occurring on the outer fringe of the intertidal region. The small size of this species at Okha may be due to its open shore habitat which is subjected to severe wave action. The occurrence of Monos/rorna is less during October to March. Stray plants occur growing in April. During May to September growth of Monos/rorna sp. is not observed. The juvenile plants start appearing in the beginning of postmonsoon period (middle of October to early November). Mature reproductive plants are found in NovemberDecember/January. The yellowish green colouration of the thallus margin shows the formation and maturation of swarmers. Macroscopic leafy thallus liberates swarmers (2-3 pm breadth) which are distinctly biflagellate with flagella equal in size (Figs 1-4). Conjugation of biflagellate swarmers is not observed. But after cessation of their movement, the swarmers become spherical (Figs 5 and 6) and later start germinating. From its natural habitat, microscopic


The number of TB cases in Aceh in 2018 reached 8471 cases; 240 (2.8%) of them occurred among children. The number of real cases in the community was estimated to be higher than that figure. The success of TB control was influenced by many factors, including the role of civil society organizations. This research was conducted to analyze the roles of civil society organizations in controlling TB cases in the community. A case study was conducted at PW Aisyiyah Aceh using an economic evaluation methodology for tracking health account funds for TB control activities (2011-2013) compared to achieving targets. The study showed that PW Aisyiyah has played a significant role in controlling TB cases in Aceh through a number of community engagement activities included the TB Care Group; the TB Community activities, High-Risk Group Outreach activities; direct TB and MDR-TB patients monitoring; and assisted and providing TB care information and networking. PW Aisyiyah Aceh has allocated Rp. 844 million per year for TB activities with an allocation for promotive/preventive activities of 22.3%. The allocation for indirect activities reached 77.5%. PW Aisyiyah Aceh has the opportunity to develop a Public-Private mix funding scheme to increase the organization roles in TB control programs in the future. PW Aisyiyah is also suggested to increase budget allocations for promotive and preventive public health activities in addition to direct curative activities which have been done so far in achieving the main mission of PW Aisyiyah as a civil society organization in Indonesia.


Abstract This paper assesses the potential of magnetically modified zeolite (MMZ) for ammonia removal from aqueous solution. The effects of relevant parameters such as contact time, pH and initial ammonia concentration were examined. The results show that ammonium ion removal by MMZ occurs rapidly within the first five minutes, pH has an effect on ammonium ion removal efficiency, and the ammonium ion removal capacity of MMZ increases with increase in initial ammonium ion concentration. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were used to determine the adsorption characteristics. Ammonium‐laden MMZ seems to be regenerated completely by sodium chloride solution at pH 11–12.


In order to model rarefied plasma flows under conditions where continuum assumptions fail, a cooperation between IRS (Institute of Space Systems, University of Stuttgart), IAG (Institute for Aerodynamics and Gas Dynamics, University of Stuttgart), HLRS (High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart) and IHM (Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology, Research Center Karlsruhe) has been formed. Within the project "Modeling and Simulation on High Performance Computers", which is funded by the Landesstiftung Baden-Württemberg, a scheme for solving the Boltzmann equation for rarefied, non-continuum plasma flows is under development, making use of well known approaches from PIC (Particle in Cell) and DSMC (Direct Simulation Monte Carlo). The modeling will be explained in some detail and required computational resources will be estimated. ∗ We gratefully acknowledge the Landesstiftung Baden-Württemberg for funding the present work. ∗∗ T. Stindl wishes to thank the State of Baden-Württemberg and the Erich-Becker-Stiftung, Germany, for their financial support. 1 Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology (IHM), Research Center Karlsruhe, D-76133 Karlsruhe, Germany 2 Institute for Aerodynamics and Gas dynamics (IAG), University of Stuttgart, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany 3 Institute for Space Systems (IRS), University of Stuttgart, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany 4 High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS), Nobelstr. 19, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany c © EDP Sciences, SMAI 2007 Article published by EDP Sciences and available at http://www.edpsciences.org/proc or http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/proc:2007004 ESAIM: PROCEEDINGS 225


The ribbon forest zone of Altai Krai is located in the Kulunda Steppe and on the Priobskoye Plateau. The climate of this region is characterized by extreme aridity. Due to the harsh climate and the importance of the ribbon forests for the environmental sustainability of the region, artificial reforestation is an integral part of the regional forest management. Forest stands of artificial origin currently occupy a large area within the ribbon forest zone, as evidenced by forest inventory data. However, due to the fact that surveys are not conducted simultaneously on the whole territory of Altai Krai, and that they miss some of the forest management units, forest inventory data do not provide an up-to-date assessment of artificial reforestation efforts. Our project attempted to update the existing data of forest resource assessments and evaluate the results of artificial reforestation efforts in the ribbon forest zone of Altai Krai. This article presents data on the distribution of the artificially reforested area by predominant species and type of growing conditions, and the distribution of the growing stock of the artificially established stands by age and type of forest growing conditions.


Mutually coupled inductors are a vital part of many metamaterials system as well as near-field communications and wireless power transfer technologies. A conducting, dissipative medium in proximity to two inductors can have a significant impact on their near fields and hence their mutual coupling. Eddy currents in the medium are responsible for the change in mutual and self-inductance. In this paper, we develop a complete circuit model of two coils inside a conductive environment, where the lossy Kirchhoff's coefficients due to the eddy currents are derived from the field solutions.


This paper is an attempt to analyze the different techniques and tools that are used to reduce costs and improve performance, which are gaining in importance by the development of kaizen concept. Basically kaizen is striving for continuous improvement of business on the basis of incremental, small improvements for the better. Kaizen as an approach to continuous improvement of business includes a number of different techniques, and is often referred to as an umbrella concept. They all can be applied independently, but the full effect provides the mixed application of kaizen techniques. Each of the techniques has its own characteristics, areas of application and effects, however, all of them are characterized by simplicity, clarity, practicality, efficiency and necessity of minimum investment. The most important assumption of successful application of kaizen concept i.e. techniques, is the participation of all employees in the company.