The Study introduces a model of interactive traffic management system with a goal of controlling traffic flow, vehicle tracking, traffic control, law enforcement and automated toll collection. The intelligent transport system is one of the principal components of modern urbanization and the current systems are not automated and human error-related. To achieve these goals fifty vehicles seven days data have been analyzed through statistical tools. Data used for this study were collected from Prohori, Onnorokom Electronics Limited. All results was focused on only law enforcement and all analysis results was done using a data mining software named WEKA workbench. Several algorithms were used to find out gaps between engine on time and idle time, detect vehicle which violated rules and classify them for law enforcement and predict vehicle route for next day


A large number of results from linear time invariant system theory can be extended to periodic systems provided an equivalent time invariant system can be found. This paper presents a simple and numerically reliable procedure to achieve the same. It is shown that using a stacked representation of periodic systems, under system equivalence, a minimal order generalized state space description can always be obtained.


How could we forget those ancient myths that stand at the beginning of all races-- the myths about the dragons that are at the last moment transformed into a princess. Perhaps all the dragons in our lives are only princesses waiting for us to act, just once, with beauty and courage. Perhaps everything that frightens us is, in its deepest essence, something helpless that wants our love.


Ti L-emission lines of metal-Ti and its oxides are measured by using a soft-X-ray emission spectrometer attached to a scanning electron microscope. Lα,β emissions due to electron transitions from valence 3d states to core 2p levels show a variety of intensity distributions for Ti oxides with different crystal structures reflecting different bonding states. Lℓ,η-emissions are due to transitions from 3s level to 2p levels and show simple intensity distribution. The energy shift of Lℓ,η-emission peak should reflect a relaxation energy in the final state with a hole in 3 s level. The information of L-emission spectrum is discussed based on a chemical shift of photoemission experiment.


A new coupled general‐circulation model (GIOTTO) has been developed. The individual components are composed of the atmosphere model, ECHAM‐4, and the ocean model, MOM (Modular Ocean Model)‐1.2. The model domain is global, and no flux correction is applied. The coupling is active between 60°N and 60° S. Poleward of 60° the atmosphere is forced by the climatological sea surface temperature (SST), and the ocean is relaxed towards the climatological SST and sea surface salinity. Further, the sea‐ice coverage is prescribed. The coupling interval is set to two hours to resolve the diurnal cycle.


This chapter argues that although colonial authorities and church officials in the Iberian Americas limited Afro-Latin American participation in Catholic religious practices, men and women of the African Diaspora shaped colonial Latin American Catholicism. The Iberian Crowns, as well as early modern colonial clerics, profited from the transatlantic slave trade and the labor of enslaved Africans and their descendants. As a major financial and political institution of the early modern world, the Catholic Church participated in and developed the idea that black people could be sold and purchased because of their racial identity. Furthermore, early modern clerics, as well as the Spanish Crown, engaged in a Foucauldian governmentality of incorporation and control that included Afro-Latin Americans, enslaved and free, as Catholic subjects. Nevertheless, men and women of the African Diaspora in colonial Latin America employed Church structures to organize their communities. Africans and their descendants placed the worship of black saints at the center of colonial municipal celebrations and called on Iberian ecclesiastical courts to defend their families against the definitions of property by slaveholders. As a result, Afro-Latin Americans played a central role in the formation and development of Latin American Catholicism.


Protection issue is identified as the main drawback of the emerging multi-terminal HVDC grids. Multi-terminal HVDC grids demand fast short-circuit fault current interruption. The fast DC circuit breakers as a promising solution can be implemented as either bidirectional or unidirectional devices. In additional to less implementation cost, the unidirectional DC circuit breakers have less power losses as compared to the bidirectional ones. A protection strategy for multi-terminal HVDC grids based on unidirectional breaking devices is discussed and assessed in this paper. The performance of unidirectional protection strategy is examined under different fault scenarios in a four-terminal MMC-HVDC grid model. Furthermore, the impacts of unidirectional protection strategy on the power converters and also the current interruption and surge arrester ratings of the DC circuit breakers are discussed.


Evolution of thermally stratified open channel flow after removal of a volumetric heat source is investigated using direct numerical simulation. The heat source models radiative heating from above and varies with height due to progressive absorption. After removal of the heat source the initial stable stratification breaks down and the channel approaches a fully mixed isothermal state. The initial state consists of three distinct regions: a near-wall region where stratification plays only a minor role, a central region where stratification has a significant effect on flow dynamics and a near-surface region where buoyancy effects dominate. We find that a state of local energetic equilibrium observed in the central region of the channel in the initial state persists until the late stages of the destratification process. In this region local turbulence parameters such as eddy diffusivity $k_{h}$ and flux Richardson number $R_{f}$ are found to be functions only of the Prandtl number $Pr$ and a mixed parameter ${\mathcal{Q}}$ , which is equal to the ratio of the local buoyancy Reynolds number $Re_{b}$ and the friction Reynolds number $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ . Close to the top and bottom boundaries turbulence is also affected by $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ and vertical position $z$ . In the initial heated equilibrium state the laminar surface layer is stabilised by the heat source, which acts as a potential energy sink. Removal of the heat source allows Kelvin–Helmholtz-like shear instabilities to form that lead to a rapid transition to turbulence and significantly enhance the mixing process. The destratifying flow is found to be governed by bulk parameters $Re_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ , $Pr$ and the friction Richardson number $Ri_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ . The overall destratification rate ${\mathcal{D}}$ is found to be a function of $Ri_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}}$ and $Pr$ .


There are racial/ethnic differences in prevalence of overweight and obesity in 2-5 year old children. An important factor in early obesity development for all children includes unhealthy dietary patterns and movement behaviors. Child-care centers can be a health intervention target since 60% of young children spend substantial time in these facilities. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of race/ethnicity, dietary intake and movement by Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile in children attending child-care centers. METHODS: An observational study at child-care centers was conducted during 2011-2014. BMI was calculated from measured height and weight and BMI percentile was calculated based on age and sex. Parental report of race included American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN), white and black. Dietary intake was determined from observed lunch food consumption and analyzed using dietary analysis software. Independent dietary variables used included sugars (g), total kcal and total fruits-and-vegetables consumed. Physical activity intensity and duration was measured for the entire school day using waist-worn accelerometers. Data was recorded and analyzed with agespecific cut points to determine intensity. Independent movement variables included minutes of sedentary, light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. RESULTS: Participants included 174 children, age 3.8±0.7, 51% male, AI/AN 32%, white 46% and black 20%. AI/AN had the highest mean BMI percentile (72.2±25.8) compared to white (62.9±27.8, p=0.02) and black (65.2±27.8, p=0.05). When a second race was included for AI/AN children of mixed heritage, AI/AN-only children (79.8±21.8) had a higher BMI percentile compared to AI/AN-mixed children (61.8± 27.3, p<0.05). There were no significant differences found between race/ethnicities in movement behaviors. After adjusting for race, only higher kcal consumption (β=0.039, SE=0.01, p=0.004) was associated with higher BMI percentile. CONCLUSION: In support of previous research, AI/AN children had a higher mean BMI percentile than other races. This difference was further amplified when AI/AN-only children were examined, AI/AN-mixed BMI percentile was not different than white. After adjusting for race, total kcal was still associated with BMI Percentile.


Early work on security-typed languages required that legal information flows be defined statically. More recently, techniques have been introduced that relax these assumptions and allow policies to change at run-time. For example, the Rx language uses a policy language based on RT, a trust management framework for representing authorization policies. While Rx made significant strides toward the goal of allowing policy updates in security-typed languages, in this paper we observe that certain design choices of Rx violate the privacy and autonomy requirements of principals in trust management systems, thus making decentralized control over information difficult. To address these problems, we propose RTI, a new security-typed language. In addition to avoiding prior pitfalls, RTI's most distinguishing characteristic is that it supports fine-grained specification of security for dynamic policy. We also provide a proof of noninterference for RTI.


An J/sub sc/ degradation under illumination has been measured for finished solar cells processed from multicrystalline B-doped Si-substrates with resistivities below 0.1 /spl Omega/ cm. This phenomenon has been studied as function of the different applied processing steps and as function of the boron- and oxygen-concentration of the substrate. The observed effect is likely related to a reversible formation of boron-oxygen complexes, introducing traps in the bandgap. This behaviour is similar to what has been reported in literature for carrier lifetime instabilities of 1 /spl Omega/ cm Cz-Si. The degradation was found to be fully reversible by a low-temperature anneal at about 200/spl deg/C, provided that the degradation causing defects have not been passivated by hydrogenation.


Cover Story THE HEARING JOURNAL 23 When consumers shop for any product, they tend to develop a preference for a particular brand. For example, when they go to their local supermarket, some will consistently opt for Clorox rather than the store-brand bleach, they will choose Brawny over Scott paper towels, or pass up the Häagen-Dazs ice cream for a quart of Ben and Jerry's. Since brand preferences drive consumers' decisions about everyday purchases, competing companies are constantly attempting to establish themselves as their preferred brand. Are hearing aid companies any different in this regard from manufacturers of bleaches, towels, or ice cream? Probably not. They too want to be preferred over their competitors, though with hearing aids the customers that manufacturers target are more often the hearing healthcare professionals who dispense their products than the consumers who wear them. However, outside of data held in confidence by the marketing departments of hearing aid companies, little is known about dispensers and their individual brand preferences, how their preferences are determined, and the strength of their loyalty to their preferred brands. These topics and related issues are the focus of this month's cover story. It should be noted that this article does not discuss how dispensers feel about specific brands of hearing aids. Nor does it pass judgment on the use of brand preferences in recommending hearing aids to patients. What it seeks to do is report on the facts about brand preference as they exist, based on data collected earlier this year by the annual Hearing Journal (HJ)/Audiology Online (AO) dispenser survey.


Abstract—The role of the increase in the common carotid artery (CCA) intima-media wall thickness (IMT) in the atherosclerotic process is questionable. This longitudinal study examined the predictive value of CCA-IMT measured at baseline examination (at sites free of plaques) on the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaques in the extracranial carotid arteries during 4 years of follow-up study in a sample of 1010 subjects aged 59 to 71 years. Ultrasound examinations were performed at baseline and 2 years and 4 years later. The occurrence of carotid plaques during follow-up was defined as the appearance of ≥1 plaque in previously normal carotid segments and/or the appearance of new plaques in the carotid segments that previously had plaques. Carotid plaque occurrence was observed in 185 subjects (18.3%). Age- and sex- adjusted odds ratios of carotid plaque occurrence were 2.66 (95% CI 1.58 to 4.46, P<0.001) in subjects having intermediate baseline CCA-IMT values (quartiles 2 and 3) and 3.67 (CI 2.09 to 6.44, P<...


Nowadays the new media environment is both a challenge and opportunity for university students. Under this background, this paper mainly explores how to reconstruct university reading culture suitable for the development of contemporary university students' physical and mental health based on the effective analysis of reading culture differences between Chinese and western universities. This paper studies university students' reading behavior from the perspective of culture, which is of far-reaching significance. It can help to form a good reading atmosphere in universities and promote social and cultural level.


Summary.

1. Myzus persicae Sulz is a vector of "breaking" in tulips.

2. Macrosiphum gei Koch is also a vector of "breaking" in a lesser degree.

3. "Red break" and "white break" are transmitted equally by the two species.

4. It is suggested that "red break" is an earlier stage in the development of the virus and that "white break" is the final stage.

5. There is at present no indication that "parrot" is transmissible by these two aphid species, though no conclusion can be reached in one season.

6. There is some indication that the virus can be transmitted from some varieties of tulips more readily than from others.

7. Mass infection in the open gave a lower percentage of "break" khan individual infection under glasshouse conditions.

8. No conclusive evidence has been obtained to show that Anuraphis tulipae B. de Fonse and Rhopalosiphoninus tulipaella Theo. convey "breaking," but in any case they cannot be considered as important vectors.


The development of low-cost, high-efficiency electrode materials for supercapacitors is motivated by the growing need for green and affordable clean energy (SDG goal 7). Developing new energy conversion and storage technologies, such as supercapacitors, batteries, and fuel cells, is a viable option for meeting energy demands while addressing environmental concerns. Recent advances in carbonaceous materials derived from biowaste for supercapacitor applications have piqued the interest of academics and industry alike. Because of their large surface area and porous structure, activated carbon-based electrode materials can be used in various applications, including supercapacitors, fuel cells, and batteries. Carbonaceous materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and activated carbon, exhibit EDLC-like behavior mainly due to ion adsorption at the electrode interface. In recent years, several potential strategies for the synthesis and structural architecture of biowaste-derived porous carbons have been tested with varying degrees of success. Thus, it is critical to evaluate the prospects for biowaste-derived porous carbon materials used as supercapacitor electrodes.
In this review, we highlight how different biowaste-derived porous carbon affects the surface properties of carbon nanostructures and how this affects their electrochemical performance. Additionally, the extent to which various biowastes have been utilized as porous carbon for supercapacitor electrodes is addressed. The different synthesis techniques, such as hydrothermal carbonization, physical activation, chemical activation, and microwave-assisted activation, are briefly described in this review. Finally, we highlight fabrication techniques as well as electrochemical performance measurements such as CV, GCD, EIS, energy density, and power density.


In June 2012, President Barack Obama created the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program to offer qualified young undocumented immigrants a two-year renewable stay of deportation and the ability to apply for a work permit. DACA is a federal administrative directive, not a congressional law, and unlike the last major legalization program in 1986, no federal resources have been allocated for its implementation. The case of DACA thus raises questions about how new rights granted by executive prosecutorial discretion are actually implemented in local communities and how they are experienced by the intended beneficiaries in different localities. More specifically, how have different stakeholders, including local government officials, legal service providers, advocacy organizations, funders, consulates, and labor unions, integrated (or not) DACA into their mission, programming, and resource allocation? What collaborations have formed between these different stakeholders around the DACA program? What challenges do they face along the way and how are they addressing these challenges?


Nanosized magnetite particles can be potentially used in the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents in vivo, in the hyperthermic treatment of tumours, in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as contrast agents and in the bio magnetic separation of bio-molecules. An understanding of the motion, heating and visualization of these nanoparticles in physiological systems in vitro and in vivo is required to tailor these nanopartides for some of these applications. These applications are based on the biocompatibility of magnetite and on the nanoparticle's magnetic characteristics, namely the superparamagnetic (SPM) behaviour and the high saturation magnetization (magnetite exhibits one of the largest magnetic moments among oxides). The very small crystal size and the surface effects have a strong influence on the magnetic behaviour of these materials. The work sets out to clarify the impact of oxidation on the magnetite particle characteristics and presents new data about some bio-magnetic applications for SPM magnetite.


Submillimeter laser pulses exceeding 1‐MW power have been generated superradiantly in CH3F gas pumped by 200 MW of 9.55‐μ CO2 TEA laser radiation. When far‐infrared output was restricted to operation on the 496 line alone, 0.5 MW was achieved within a bandwidth of 100 MHz.


A hydoxyl radical, which acts as an active oxygen radical, has been investigated in an electrolyzed strong acid aqueous solution by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The hydroxyl radical is detected as two different spin adducts of 5, 5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide (DMPO) and N-[ (1-mddo-4-pyridinio)methylene]-t-butylamine N-oxide. The amount of DMPO-QH spin adduct has not been changed. for ca.10 days in sealed bottles. The DMPO-OH spin adduct is gradually increased after DMPO addition into the solution where sodium sulfate is used as an electrolysis promoting reagent instead of sodium chloride. It is suggested that the hydroxyl radical is produced from a precursor like a peroxodisulfate ion, which is derived from the sulfate. The amount of generated hydroxyl radical can be controlled by current density and sulfate concentration in the supplied water, where sodium chloride is used in general as the promoting reagent.


Through studing the rule of the traffic flow in the traffic crossing and a new optimization approach for signal timing in the intersection is proposed.This approach considers not only the traffic waiting delay but also the stops and starts-up.Combining traffic delay,stops and start-ups,a concept PI(Performance Index) and a model based on PI value are presented.Using this model the signal timing can be optimized to reduce not only traffic waiting delay but also stops and start-ups.


An examination of the continuing generational imbalance in U.S. fiscal policy, showing that under current policy, future generations will have to pay almost half of their lifetime labor incomes in net taxes to balance the government's book--more than 70% greater than the 28.6% today's newborns are slated to give up.


Epileptic seizure refers to the degree of chaos that occurs in the human body which deviates from the normal behaviour. It can be identified using Electroencephalogram (EEG).In the existing system, much research has been conducted based on sample entropy for various seizure states. However this system lagged behind. To overcome those problems, in our proposed system, we have proposed a new method using fuzzy rules to select features. The method first calculates the Fuzzy logic of EEG signals from different epileptic states, and then classified features is obtained from the selected features. Finally, we use the acquired classification features and a grid optimization method to train support vector machines (SVM). A tool called Bitalino is used in order to find out the seizure and is capable of connecting without wires. Various signals such as EDA, EEG, ECG, ACC, EMG can be recorded using the tool. Later the patients signals which is obtained is checked for match with the normal EEG signal. This will find out whether the person is affected with epilepsy or not.


Turn-of-the-century anthropologists were a colorful and controversial lot, some of whose exploits and antics have achieved near mythical status in the history of the discipline. Although they published enormous amounts of material, much of what is now regarded as classic work and essential reading, they also behaved in ways that make today's scholars shudder with anger or disgust and shake their heads in bewilderment. And if the best of these early field workers were geniuses, they were often flawed geniuses who behavior, at times, made it difficult, and sometimes nearly impossible, for later researchers to follow them in the field.


The tendency to ignore the lesson and make distraction in writing course led to bad result in writing assessment especially in news item text. This research intended to see how silly news reports game improve students' skill in writing news item text particularly in improving students' motivation as interest in writing. This research was a Classroom Action Research (CAR) in three cycles to 37 students at class XII IPA 6 of SMAN 3 Pontianak in academic year 2019/2020. The result of the data collection showed that implementing silly news reports game improved students' skill in writing news item text in terms of writing composition and grammar accuracy on using reported speech, and improved students' motivation as interest in writing. Based on the observation, the highlight of the improvement by the game implementation was on the content of silly news reports game which is ridiculous yet easy to understand supported by the guided question worksheets that made the students able to produce a well-organized writing by considering the composition of the writing such as the organization of the text and the language features used in the news item text. The improvement of each cycle differed one to another. While cycle one found the gap of the student improvement, cycle two solved the problem of students writing composition and using reported speech, and cycle three solved the problem of students' behaviour. Therefore, the researcher recommends that the teacher implement silly news reports game to teach news item text of writing course.


Many prior studies examining stock market reaction to auditor changes have focused on short windows surrounding their announcements. These studies have found mixed results on how investors process auditor change information. Expanding the test window, we document a downward market reaction that begins 60 days prior to auditor resignation announcements and continues for at least 30 days after the announcements. Our analyses using longer pre- and post-announcement windows provide a fuller picture of the stock market reaction to auditor change events. We also find that there is negative market reaction to reportable events disclosures in the Form 8-K in the post-SOX years. This suggests that post-SOX, rather than simply assume that resignations are signals of bad news, investors find the specific reasons provided for the resignations to be incrementally useful.


Except for potassium and sodium, and each trace metal impurity is less than, less than 2ppm, and 200 ppb of residual alcohol having a plurality of colloidal silica particles having a cumulative trace metals concentration of about 0.5 to about 5ppm range excluding potassium and sodium; And a chemical mechanical polishing a substrate surface comprising the step of contacting the composition and the substrate containing the medium for dispersing the particles, and the composition is ultra-high-purity colloidal silica dispersion, said contacting step is sufficient to flatten the substrate the process is carried out for a sufficient time to planarize the base material at a temperature.


The title series of liquid crystalline compounds (BTBAAs) shows nematic behaviour with broad mesophases. Their melting points are almost the same as those of the corresponding chlorine substituted derivatives (CTBAAs), but their clearing temperatures are lower than those of CTBAAs. Crystal and molecular structure of N,N'-(2-bromoterephthalylidene)bis(4-n-butylaniline) (BTBBA) have been determined and proved to be quite similar to that of N,N'-(2-bromoterephthalylidene)bis(4-n-butylaniline) (CTBBA).


The microstructural characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the irradiated fuels played an important role to the understanding of fuel performance. Significant progresses have been made in recent years on SEM and TEM work for fuel development in reduced-enrichment for research and test reactors (RERTR) program [1, 2]. It is extremely challenging to prepare the samples from the highly radioactive irradiated fuel for high resolution microscopy analysis. For the complex microstructure of irradiated fuels, the traditional mechanical polishing tends to produce a smeared and disturbed surface making it difficult to reveal the original microstructure in SEM while the traditional TEM sample preparation often limits the ability to access the areas of interest for detailed analysis. The new development using the focused-ion-beam (FIB) lift-out and polishing technical at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) demonstrated the great advantage in microstructural characterization for the irradiated nuclear fuels.


Democracy and good governance have essentially been considered issues of domestic law. However, as the theme of the regional conference of the International Law Association (ILA) in Pretoria, South Africa suggested, and rightly so, they are not foreign to international law, especially public international law.
Since the inception of the United Nations, international law has been concerned with the issues of democracy and good governance, which are critical to international peace, security and cooperation that feature prominently among the objectives of the world body. The theme of the Pretoria ILA regional conference bears testimony of this.
At the universal level, democracy and good governance, which are interrelated, are taken seriously in the UN Charter, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Economic Rights (ICESCR), and in a number of other conventions, resolutions and declarations emanating from the community of nations, especially those related to human rights. As shall be seen later, the concept of governance, especially good governance, was devised and first popularised by international financial institutions such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Trade Organisation which still demand democratisation and good governance as 'conditionalities' for foreign aid to developing countries and consider them criteria for eligiblity for loans, foreign (Western) investment, debt reduction or cancellation.


This paper describes a novel radio frequency (R.F.) measurement technique which can be used to measure the speed of rotation and the torque developed by a mechanically commutated DC electric motor. It also has the potential to detect fault conditions within the motor. The measuring instrument is a specifically designed radio antenna which detects the flux variations and R.F. signals associated with the partial discharges or arcing events present during commutation. Basic commutation and the factors influencing the partial discharge or arcing activity are described, followed by examples of the signals received and measurement results.


Abstract The gelation process of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastisol is very important to ensure the quality of the product and is affected by the type of resins, plasticizers, and other additives. In this study, the gelation process of the as-prepared PVC plastisol was characterized by measuring the evolution of vibrational viscosity with temperature or time using a vibrational viscometer. Furthermore, the effect of some commercial resins with different particulate morphologies on the gelation process was investigated by synchronously combining scanning election microscopy and laser particle size analyses. The results of this study proved that the particle size distribution and the aggregation degree of the secondary particles of a resin are the key factors affecting the gelation process. For the resin with bimodal particle size distribution, the closer the aggregation of the secondary particles, the slower the gel speed; however, an opposite behavior was observed for the resins with unimodal particle size distribution.


This technical paper reviews the current status of on-farm feeding and feed management in aquaculture. It contains a) ten case studies on feeding and feed management practices carried out in seven selected countries of Asia (i.e., Bangladesh, China, India, Thailand, Viet Nam) and Africa (i.e., Egypt, Ghana) for eight species belonging to four major farmed species of freshwater finfish and shellfish: shrimp and prawns, Nile tilapia, striped catfish and Indian major carps; b) an analysis of the findings of these ten case studies and a case study for Indian major carps in India (published separately ); c) ten invited specialist reviews on feed management practices from regional and global perspectives and d) an overview of the current status of feed management practices with information drawn from the case studies, the invited reviews and other related publications


A graphical design technique is advanced for the synthesis of controllers of non-linear systems, using the sufficiency conditions of the circle criterion. The technique is based on construction on the Nyquist plane whereby the parameters of the compensator and the range of the value of gain for asymptotic stability in the large are determined.


Methods in the modern residential construction must meet the requirements for the effective use of material and labor resources. Today, three methods are used in construction: successive, parallel, and flow-line methods. The most progressive and providing a rhythmic output of construction products and an even use of resources is the flow-line method. The article considers the use of the flow-line method of the residential construction both in high-rise multistorey construction and in low-rise construction of suburban settlements (micro-districts). In the work, we analyze the problems and prospects of using the flow-line method of construction in the Irkutsk Region. We discuss main advantages and disadvantages of the most common technological and constructive solutions of the flow-line method in the residential construction. The paper analyzes possible combinations of methods in the residential construction. It has been found that when using the parallel-flow method, the duration of construction is reduced by an average of 20%, and labor productivity increases by about 10%. The economic efficiency of the flow-line (parallel-flow) method is manifested in the reduction of construction time, reduction of downtime of resources and (or) individual spreads of work, increasing labor productivity and the profitability of the residential construction.


This paper summarizes our present knowledge on the electronic structure of transition metals (with a special emphasis on α‐iron) doped with light interstitial (⋅⋅⋅B,C⋅⋅⋅) or substitutional (Al, Si, P⋅⋅⋅Sb⋅⋅⋅) impurities. The electronic states of the impure metal are described in a tight‐binding model built from a Slater‐Koster fit to first principles bands structure for the host and from a set of extra‐orbitals for the impurity. Our results for interstitial or substitutional alloys are essentially characterized by 'sp' antiresonances within the d bands; they are discussed in relation with experimental data. Also we point out several physical problems which can be solved easily within the present tight‐binding model.


A new guideline for the use of progestogen-only pills has been published. Claire Nicol explains how this relates to clinical practice The Clinical Effectiveness Unit (CEU) of the Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare (FSRH) regularly updates and develops national UK clinical guidelines relating to contraception. The updated FSRH progestogen-only pills (POPs) guideline was published in August 2022 and gives an overview of all POPs available in the UK. This article will highlight what is new or important in the guideline and how to relate the recommendations to clinical practice.


Dirac's hole theory and quantum field theory are generally thought to be equivalent. In fact field theory can be derived from hole theory through the process of second quantization. However, it can be shown that problems worked in both theories yield different results. The reason for the difference between the two theories will be examined and the effect that this difference has on the way calculations are done in quantum theory will be discussed.


One goal of mobile robotic telepresence for social interaction is to design robotic units that are easy to operate for novice users and promote good interaction between people.This paper presents an exploratory study on the effect of camera orientation and field of view on the interaction between a remote and local user.Our findings suggest that limiting the width of the field of view can lead to better interaction quality as it encourages remote users to orient the robot towards local users. Categories and Subject Descriptors I.2.9 [Robotics]: Commercial robots and applications; H.5.2 [User interfaces]: Graphical user interfaces (GUI)


The arrival of large numbers of potent Sukhoi fighters in the Asia Pacific region has attracted the attention of analysts and media alike. Less visible but no less important is the recent proliferation across the region of Russian and indigenous precision guided munitions (PGMs). In many respects the Sukhois are both a delivery vehicle and marketing vehicle for Russian cruise missiles, standoff missiles and guided bombs. With Russian and indigenous PGMs now finding their way on to all manner of regional fighters, over the next decade Asia Pacific is likely to end up with a larger aggregate warstock of modern PGMs than that held by the European NATO nations. What is no less important is that many Russian PGM sales involve technology transfer via licence assembly or mass production, which given historical precedents could see many of these munitions in regional production runs lasting decades. Once established in production, regional manufacturers will follow the well established pattern of tweaking the designs, spawning in turn a wide range of derivative weapons with various design improvements. China's evolution of the Russian P-15/P-21 Styx/Silkworm and 9K32/HN-5 Grail present excellent case studies. Electronic and optical countermeasures to these evolved and evolving weapons will present a problem in their own right. The emergence over time of large warstocks of modern PGMs in Asia Pacific will fundamentally change the strategic balance across the region as the decisive advantage held by US aligned regional nations with existing PGM warstocks will be narrowed if not eliminated eventually. Major regional players like India and China observed the Desert Storm, Desert Fox, Allied Force, Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom campaigns very carefully and the lesson they carried away is much the same as articulated by Australia's existing doctrine – PGMs are decisive war winners. Lesser regional players in turn emulate these major players. Asia today sees military power primarily in terms of modern air and missile power, and budgets permitting, we are seeing a pattern of investment directly copied from that followed by the US – air forces getting what they want ahead of naval surface fleets and armies. The commodification of modern computing and imaging technologies will see increasing use in Russian and indigenous designs of third generation microprocessor, signal processor and imaging chips. With technology controls now largely nonviable, as Asian nations become subcontract manufacturers for western consumer technology giants, we can expect to see increasing use of chips such as the Pentium and TMS320 in weapon seekers. Similarly the unrestricted availability of good open source software development tools will see regional PGMs rival the capabilities of US, European and Israeli products over the next decade – nobody has a monopoly on brains in this game. Basic guidance/navigation technologies like Kalman filters, digital scene matching area correlators (DSMAC) and terrain contour matching (TERCOM) have been mastered by the Russians and more recently China, with India easily having equal engineering talent for this. Russia is now developing state-of-the-art QWIP thermal imaging arrays. by Dr Carlo Kopp T E C H N O L O G Y


This study does not pretend to discuss empirically the complex discourses on the pros and cons of development theory with respect to the developed and developing nations. The analyses on development, human capital and dependency theories in this essay were intended to provide the backdrop from which to appreciate the debates regarding the "negative" impact of the immigration and migration of African intelligentsia on African development in general. In essence, the centrality of this disquisition relates to the question of how African professionals leaving the continent in droves for "better" pastures outside the continent could be encouraged to return. It is within this context, therefore, that the essay suggests ways that this process might be furthered.


There is no reason to treat the Brazilian political system as a singular one.Coalitions obey and are built according to party principles. The president, whose institutional power was enhanced by 1988's Constitution, monopolizes legislative initiative, which puts Brazilian system close to European parliamentary democracies. Even though its based upon empirical data, this essay formulates theoretical problems, such as the importance of institutional choices and how they affect relations between majority and minority in democratic governments.


This document for certification is relevant and timely for the creation of new works or artistic projects that include multimedia as a communication tool in Ecuadorian visual art. Objective technological functions converted or transformed into multimedia art as well as the advantages that promote and confirm it as a new and outstanding alternative in the experimental artistic environment in our country. The methodological design of this introspective research, qualitative perspective and interpretative paradigm, makes use of information gathering techniques such as the survey, the interview and the bibliographic review around two main themes, multimedia and art. Subsequently, the data collected were recorded in formats and coded for analysis and interpretation in order to resolve theoretical elements that argue the central theme of the investigation, what can be verified at the end of the document.


To combine the application of step motor in numerical control systems, this paper describes the control methods of step motor by single chip microcomputer 8031. It also introudces the program designing for position finding accurately, direction changing and rotational speed control.


An automatic procedure is presented for implementing Finite Element magnetic field analysis techniques in the design of electric machines, transformers and related devices. By means of the Boundary Element Method , a mesh is obtained for studying the magnetic field in a given region by the Finite Element Method. In this way , input data can be reduced and more accurate final data acquired on the region considered, while ensuring a big decrease in program run-time (if an FE iterative procedure is used). The advantages of the procedure are illustrated by its application to a transformer. Comparison of the magnetic field values obtained by the proposed procedure and those by the classical Finite Element Method reveals better agreement with measured values in the case of the former and a 20% reduction in program run-time.


Aim of study is the cost estimation of drilling wells using Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) method which is created based on the viewpoint of using presented solutions for previous solved problems in order to solve new similar problems. In companies or organizations which cost estimation, scheduling, design, planning and project activities sequences and etc., are considered as an iterative activity, project managers naturally use previous experiences in order to estimate the instances mentioned above in new similar case. Thus, offering a comprehensive approach which can support this natural behavior, will significantly contribute to the appropriate decision making. CBR method could be an appropriate tool for decision making in this area. The major findings of this study is that, in the proposed CBR model despite limited data, the error of method according to the performance indicators was very low. Therefore, obtained estimation accuracy of the proposed CBR model is high and the model is useful. On the other hand, given that the available estimation methods spend much time to estimate cost, we could save time using the CBR method and hence the speed of drilling which is very important is increased.


Background: One way to strengthen research integrity, is through supervision. According to previous research, a supervisor should be well versed in responsible research practices (RRPs) and possess the necessary interpersonal skills to convey RRPs. Therefore, we developed a pilot training programme for PhD supervisors that combined RRPs and interpersonal skills and evaluated participants' perceptions. Our aim was to assess: 1) perceptions regarding supervision skills before and after the pilot training and 2) participants' views on combining RRPs and interpersonal skills in the program.Methods: We developed a 3-day pilot training based on our investigations regarding the research climate for integrity in Amsterdam. Before and after the pilot, we sent the Research Supervision Quality Evaluation survey to the participating PhD supervisors and their PhD candidates. We gathered feedback on the training topics through daily evaluations. The pilot study was concluded with a focus group interview where participants discussed the quality of the training, deliberated over the combination of training in interpersonal skills and RRPs and discussed whether such training should become compulsory.Results: Twenty-one PhD supervisors participated in the pilot training of whom 95% had a biomedical background. Before the pilot, 20 supervisors and 23 PhD candidates completed the survey. 11 supervisors and 11 PhD candidates completed the final survey. Both supervisors and PhD candidates were more positive about the supervisor's interpersonal skills and the ability to foster RRPs after the training. Participants were enthusiastic about the training's dual focus. They believed that making the training compulsory would be undesirable but supported other ways of incentivising participation.Discussion: Participants appreciated the combination of RRPs and interpersonal skills. Their self-perceptions regarding supervision skills echo this positive view. The results highlight the potential of dedicated RRPs training programmes for supervisors. However, they should be interpreted with caution, as they regard a small sample of volunteering PhD supervisors, underscoring the need for larger scale programs to foster responsible supervision that are evaluated using rigorous designs.


This article provides a starting point for the analysis of the determinants of consumer confidence in Croatia. Using Autoregressive Distributed Lag models, we analyse a wide array of macroeconomic drivers of consumer confidence. Despite the well-established fact that the Croatian economy is highly dependent of the real estate sector, consumers seem not to significantly react to real estate prices. On the other hand, we do find some evidence of a considerable long run impact of real wages, interest rates, and the general price level. In the short run, consumer confidence seems to also be responsive to stock market developments and unemployment. Overall, our estimates show that macroeconomic factors explain a lion's share of variability in consumer confidence.


Thank you very much for reading plane spherical trigonometry. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their favorite novels like this plane spherical trigonometry, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer. plane spherical trigonometry is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the plane spherical trigonometry is universally compatible with any devices to read.


FDA and biopharmaceutical industry stakeholders reach consensus on critical issues related to the use of peptide maps as identity tests for proteins and on their usefulness for lot release tests. The results of that discussion are presented here.


The article reviews the book "The Medical Library Association Essential Guide to Becoming an Expert Searcher: Proven Techniques, Strategies and Tips for Finding Health Information," Terry Ann Jankowski.


Together with Climate Focus and Frankfurt School of Finance Management, Perspectives has analyzed how Article 6 market mechanisms can be designed to incentivize mobilization of private financing and to reorient global finance flows towards low-carbon development and climate resilience in line with Article 2.1c of the Paris Agreement. On the international level, private and public sector trust in Article 6 mechanisms must be enhanced through keeping transaction low while robustly safeguarding integrity. On the national level, mitigation policy instruments should incentivize demand for emission reduction units, while higher-cost private sector mitigation should be mobilized through effective blending of ITMO revenues with public climate finance. Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-175368 Published Research Report Published Version Originally published at: Michaelowa, Axel; Moslener, Ulf; Mikolajczyk, Szymon; Hoch, Stephan; Pauw, Pieter; Krey, Matthias; Kempa, Karol; Espelage, Aglaja; Weldner, Kaja; Jung, Carsten (2019). Opportunities for mobilizing private climate finance through Article 6. Freiburg: Perspectives. Opportunities for mobilizing private climate finance through Article 6 Perspectives Climate Group, Frankfurt School and Climate Focus Freiburg, Germany 15.06.2019 Perspectives Climate Group GmbH Hugstetter Str. 7 79106 Freiburg, Germany email@example.com www.perspectives.cc Mobilizing private finance through Article 6 Perspectives Climate Group GmbH · www.perspectives.cc ·firstname.lastname@example.com Page 2 Acknowledgements and disclaimer The paper has been written by Perspectives Climate Group, Frankfurt School and Climate Focus.


The main objective of this project is to ensure the power quality. Power quality has become an important issue for several reasons e.g. modern society"s growing dependence on electricity and the fact that the poor power quality may generate significant economic losses in few moments. Probable power quality problems are harmonic, flicker, voltage dips and supply interruptions. The power quality may be improved by using filters and compensators. This thesis introduces a new concept of optimal utilization of a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC).Through this project we are Experimentally Simulating and explaining the optimal utilization of a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). The UPQC Converter is controlled to perform simultaneous operation of voltage sag compensation and load reactive power sharing when additional loads are added. The active power control approach is used to compensate voltage sag and is integrated with theory of power angle control (PAC) of UPQC to coordinate the load reactive power between the two inverters. Unified power quality conditioners (UPQCs) allow the mitigation of voltage and current disturbances that could affect sensitive electrical loads while compensating the load reactive power. This paper deals with unified power quality conditioner (UPQC), which aims at the Voltage Sag compensation by using Solar Power to compensate during Additional Loads requirements. The main purpose of a UPQC is to compensate for voltage imbalance, reactive power, negative-sequence current and harmonics. In this paper, unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) is designed and simulated by Artificial Neural Network theory. The proposed system is comprised of series and shunt inverters which can compensate the sag, swell and unbalance voltage, harmonics and also the reactive power. PI controller is used to stabilize DC link voltage and balance the active power between the shunt and series inverters. The capacity of series and shunt inverters is calculated through loading calculations of these inverters applying phasor diagram to increase the design accuracy.


The principle and mechanismof the ultrasonic de-sizing are mainly presented,the tradi-tional and new methods of de-sizing are introduced and compared.Lastly ,the developing prospect ofultrasonic de-sizingis presented.


The synchrotron radiation was used to apply tunable high energy X-ray photoemission spectroscopy for investigation of electronic structure of semiconductor nanostructure CdTe/Pb0.95Eu0.05Te/CdTe/GaAs(001) top part. The Pb0.95Eu0.05Te (6 nm thick) was buried under thin (22 nm) top layer of CdTe transparent for part of electrons photoemitted from Pb0.95Eu0.05Te buried layer. The top layer of CdTe was sputtered by Ar ion bombardment for surface cleaning and for leaving the thickness of CdTe more transparent for photoelectrons emitted from buried layer. For these thickness of the top layer the photoemission energy distribution curves corresponding to the valence band and core levels electrons of the buried layer atoms were measured with application of synchrotron radiation of energy hν = 3510 eV. The measured spectra corresponding to the buried layer atoms were observed in the valence band region and in the high binding energy region for core levels of Pb 4f , Pb 3d. The valence band contribution and core levels Cd 4d and Cd 3d were obtained mainly from top cover layer. Measured Te 4d, Te 3d and Te 4d spectra possess contribution as well from top cover layer as from the buried layer. The amount of Eu atoms was to small to be reasonable detected and presented in the paper.


Collagens IX and XI are quantitatively minor component s of the collagen fibril s in cartilage. The spectrum of the phenotypes caused by mutations in the COL2A1 gene coding for collagen II , the main cartilage collagen, is relatively well defined, but there is lit tle data on the phenot ypes caused by collagen IX and XI mutations. The structure of the human COL11A1 gene coding for the α1 chain of collagen XI was characterize d here. It was found to consist of 68 exons and span 160 kb, excluding introns 1 and 4. Over 50 kb of new intronic sequence s were defined. The exon-intron organization coding for the major triple helical domain was found to be identical to that of the human COL11A2 gene, which codes for the α2 chain of collagen XI. The sensiti vity of conformation sensiti ve gel electrophoresi(CSGE) for mutation detection was improved and tested with a large number of sequenc e variations in collagen genes. The sensiti vity with the revised conditions was found to be close to 100%. In addition, CSGE was found to be a simple and practical method for analyzing large numbers of samples. Fifteen mutations in the COL11A1 gene and eight in the COL2A1 gene were found by CSGE in patients with Marshal or Stickler syndrome. The genotypic-phenotypic comparison indicated that mutations leading to a premature translation termination codon in the COL2A1 gene resulted in Stickler syndrome and splicing mutations of 54 bp exons in the C terminal half of the COL11A1 gene resulted in Marshal syndrome. The other COL11A1 mutations caused phenotypes overlapping both syndromes. In an anal ysis of the COL9A2 gene in 157 patient s with intervertebral disc disease , six were found to have a tryptophan for glutamine substi tution in the central collagenous domain of the collagen IX molecule. None of 174 control individuals had this substitution. The substitution cosegregated with the phenotype in the families studied, and linkage and linkage disequi librium anal yses supported the association of the locus and thedisease with a joint lod score of over 11.


In this study, we investigate the relationship among quasi-stationary auroral patches (QSAPs), Pc 5 pulsations, and poleward moving auroral arcs (PMAAs) observed with all-sky imagers and fluxgate magnetometer at the South Pole Station (-74.3CGLAT) on July 8, 2004, and interpret it in terms of the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. QSAPs were observed at the South Pole Station in the interval 9-14 MLT and kept their form, location, and luminosity for up to several hours (Ebihara et al., J. Geophys. Res., 112, A01201, 2007). According to Ebihara et al. (2007), QSAPs showed periodic fluctuations of their drift velocity coincident with Pc 5 pulsations, and the relationship between the drift velocity (corresponding to the ionospheric electric filed) and Pc 5s was explained quantitatively by the Ohm's law in the ionosphere. Further, we found that the poleward moving auroral arcs (PMAAs) appeared simultaneously during this event and showed one-to-one correspondence with Pc 5 pulsations. The drift velocity of QSAPs was mainly eastward on the high-latitude side of PMAAs and westward on the low-latitude side. To understand these phenomena, we attempted to reproduce the observed results by the numerical simulation using the magnetosphere ionosphere coupling model. It was assumed that the field line resonance (FLR) occurred in the magnetosphere and the Alfven waves accompanied by FLR were incident on the auroral acceleration region and the ionosphere. We calculated the wave reflection process for the assumed incident Alfven waves. The ionospheric conductivity was changed by the electron precipitations due to the QSAPs and the PMAAs. As a result, it was found that the observed relationship among the fluctuations of QSAPs, Pc 5 pulsations, and PMAAs were qualitatively reproduced by the numerical simulation. Therefore, it was concluded that the QSAP's fluctuations, Pc 5 pulsations, and PMAAs are the various aspects of FLR phenomena.


The removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) using calcined and modified forms of hydrotalcite (HT) was studied. HT was calcined at 550 °C for 3 h. The calcined form (HTC) was modified under argon atmosphere using sodium stearate in an amount equivalent to 100% of the theoretical anion exchange capacity of HT. The 3 forms of HT were subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis. It was determined that the peak with characteristic basal spacing d = 7.62 A corresponding to interlayer carbonate anion disappeared in HTC and a peak with d = 32 A confirming the adsorption of stearate anion appeared in organo-HT. Adsorption equilibria of DCP on HT and organo-HT were measured using batch equilibration. Adsorption behavior was modeled by the modified Freundlich equation. It was determined that HTC and organo-HT have maximum efficiencies corresponding to certain initial concentrations, i.e. 2.76 mmol/l for HTC and 3.68 mmol/l for organo-HT. At these concentrations, HTC and organo-HT can adsorb 61% and 17% of DCP, respectively.


We report a molecular survey aimed to deepen the knowledge on the genetic variability of an allochthonous population of Southern pike (Esox cisalpinus) present in Sardinia. The analysis of 51 individuals showed high levels of genetic variability: 1) eleven haplotypes were found, 8 of which private to Sardinia (41% individuals); 2) five different mitochondrial lineages were reported, consistent with the release of a conspicuous number of individuals, likely through multiple introduction events; 3) several new haplotypes esclusive to a single individual, diverging from the peninsular haplotypes for one/two point mutations, were evidenced. As 35% individuals from Sardinia share haplotypes exclusively found in Northern Italy, this geographic area has likely been the main source contributing to the gene pool of this alien population.


This study was designed to investigate the relative role of sweetness and comparative effects of different taste sensation of the non - caloric sweetener , aspartame on pain and its interaction with MK - 80] as a non - selective MMDA antagonist by formalin - test in mice. The formalin - test was chosen because it measures the response to a long - lasting nociceptive stimulus and closely resembles to the clinical pain. Morphine induced a dose dependent antinociception in the early and late phases of formalin test. Twelve days pretreatment of animals by aspartame ( 0.08% , 0.16% , 0.32%) significantly potentiated morphine - induced (1.5-9 mg/kg) analgesia in the early phase but significantly antagonized its analgesic effect in the late phase, dose dependently. Aspartame (0.16%) alone showed a reduction in pain response . Naloxone (0.4 mg/kg) significantly antagonized the antinociceptive effect of morphine in the presence of aspartame (0-0.32%) in the early phase. Increasing the dose of aspartame decreased effects of naloxone. MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg) as an N- Methyl - D - Aspartate (NMDA) antagonist significantly potentiated the effect of aspartame on morphine - induced antinociception in the early phase. In the late phase, naloxone (0.4 mg/kg) increased pain response but MK- 801 (0.1 mg/kg) induced anti-inflammatory effect significantly. Treatment of animals with MK- 801 alone, significantly induced analgesia in both phases of formalin - test. This effect was potentiated with aspartame dose - dependently. Possible interaction of aspartame with NMDA receptors and its role to facilitate endogenous opioid system are proposed mechanisms of aspartame in modulating morphine - induced antinociception. Furthermore, the resulting association between morphine and aspartame chronic consumption may be explained as an interactive action rather than simple dose combination of both drugs.


The review of the investigations of the optical radiation forming of the multi-channel nuclear-pumped lasers performed in VNIIEF is presented. There are several ways to solve the problem of the laser beam number minimization: 1) the using of the generator -amplifier scheme; 2) the phasing of the radiation of several lasers channels by means of the optical coupling devices; 3) the using of consecutive and parallel composition of the laser channels. At present, in VNIIEF the investigations of the generator -amplifier scheme and the laser systems consisted of two, three and four consecutive composed channels have been performed experimentally. Moreover, investigations of parallel composition of two laser channels are in progress now. There are three nuclear-pumped laser systems which were used to investigate the composition methods: LM-4, LM-8 and LUNA-2M, moreover, except the LM-4 these multi-channel systems are being used for carrying out the experiments nowadays.


Objective: We tested the hypothesis that the risk of experiencing workplace bullying was greater for those employed on casual contracts compared to permanent or ongoing employees.


Memory access latency continues to be a dominant bottleneck in a large class of applications on modern architectures. To optimize memory performance, it is important to utilize the locality in the memory hierarchy. Structure splitting can significantly improve memory locality. However, pinpointing inefficient code and providing insightful guidance for structure splitting is challenging. Existing tools typically leverage heavyweight memory instrumentations, which hinders the applicability of these tools for real long-running programs. To address this issue, we develop StructSlim, a profiler to pinpoint top candidates that benefit from structure splitting. StructSlim makes three unique contributions. First, it adopts lightweight address sampling to collect and analyze memory traces. Second, StructSlim employs a set of novel methods to determine memory access patterns to guide structure splitting. We also formally prove that our method has high accuracy even with sparse memory access samples. Third, StructSlim scales on multithreaded machines. StructSlim works on fully optimized, unmodified binary executables independently from their compiler and language, incurring around 7% runtime overhead. To evaluate StructSlim, we study seven sequential and parallel benchmarks. With the guidance of StructSlim, we are able to significantly improve all these benchmarks; the speedup is up to 1.37×.


Modularization teaching is the important teaching reform of training applied talents,the purpose is to train senior ap?plied talents with engineering practice ability and innovative consciousness.By the basic idea of the reform of modularization teaching,the teaching model of modularization teaching for college Java Web Development is constructed,applied to achieve the goal of training applied talents.


Fibrosarcoma is characterized as an invasive nodular tumor of mesodermal origin, with elongated normochromatic nuclei. The histopathologic analysis using specific staining techniques is efficient in detailing the neoplastic architecture and the relations with surrounding tissues. In the present study, the canine skin fibrosarcoma was histologically characterized using Hematoxilin-Eosin stain, Mallory's Trichrome stain and Shorr's Trichrome stain as routine staining for conjunctive tissue, Toluidine Blue to highlight the mitosis and Picrosirius-Hematoxilin Trichrome to characterize the collagen type. It was concluded that the Picrosirius stain characterized the existing collagen type as type I and III; the Toluidine Blue staining highlighted the mitoses together with Shorr's staining, as this one also provided a marking for the conjunctive tissue and the formed bands. The Mallory's staining technique highlighted the conjunctive tissue and the bands that are spread; the Hematoxilin-Eosin stain highlighted with emphasis the neoplastic cells.


This study analyses the impact of fiscal decentralisation policy on economic development and poverty reduction. It focuses on the practice of intergovernmental fiscal transfer and on special autonomy policy in Aceh province, Indonesia, using data from 23 districts gathered from 2008 to 2018. Undertaking a panel data analysis, it will analyse the impact of intergovernmental fiscal transfer from central to local government on local government expenditure. The impact of local government expenditures and fiscal decentralisation practices on local gross domestic product (GDP) and poverty is also measured. The results show that several intergovernmental fiscal transfer policies in Aceh positively enhance the local expenditure. Further, the local government spending and fiscal decentralisation practices in Aceh improve the local GDP and reduce poverty levels in the region.


Amid the current financial crisis, China's industries have demonstrated growing competitiveness and a capacity to resist risks. However, some deep-rooted problems have been dramatized in this shock. Having experienced the


A simple scheme is proposed for the retrieval of the coherence properties of a field, based on far-field measurements of the intensity following diffraction by a movable planar phase mask.


of the United States, 19̂ -0 (Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 19^1), p . 6 9. American Nurses Association, Facts about Nursing, 1967 (New York: American Nurses Association, 1967), p; 9^. 7 Olding Beard and Dean E. P. Lyon, "both of the University of Minnesota School of Medicine vhereln the division of nursing vas originally located; the Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing of Case-Western Reserve University, because of its support by the prominent lay leader in nursing for vhom it vas named; for its history of community involvement and its history of support by many distinguished families of Cleveland; and for the unusual circumstance that its basic baccalaureate program for nurses vas established before the institution of its three-year hospital diploma program. ~ Yale University School of Nursing, because of its endowment by the Rockefeller Foundation and because Annie W. Goodrich, one of the foremost leaders in nursing, became its first dean. Under these fortu itous circumstances, the development of the school might be expected to reflect innovation and creativity in its educational objective, curricu lum design and its association vith all-male undergraduate university of national and international reputation for excellence. Yale University School of Nursing and Western Reserve School of Nursing became, in 1923# the first tvo endoved schools vhich offered a * basic baccalaureate program in nursing in America. With the financial means to establish sound educational programs, came the opportunity to create, develop and implement nev proposals and projects in nursing education for the first time in the history of nursing in America. Lastly, another reason for the selection of tvo endoved univer sity schools concerns an assumption that if the endoved schools met problems of a deep, fixed nature and vere hard-pressed to solve them, the struggles of other schools on limited university budgets might encounter even greater hardships to meet their educational objectives. Visits were made to the University of Minnesota, Yale University and Case-Western Reserve Libraries and Archives to examine and review official reports and documents which concerned the establishment of the school of nursing, and to attempt to determine what groups, or forces, encouraged its establishment and what groups, or forces, hindered its establishment. In each case, the ideas, attitudes and actions of the persons and groups involved in the establishment of the school of nursing, such as the president of the university and its faculty, the deans of the school of medicine and directors of the school of nursing, the deans of the school of nursing, the hospital^administrators, the practicing physicians and nurses, the lay community and representatives of the foundations, all merited examination and interpretation for the evaluation of their respective roles. The specific reports and documents of the three selected univer sities need to be interpreted in the light of the contemporary develop ment of nursing education and of the nursing professions. The sources of the general historical information used for this purpose included the addresses and publications of the early proponents of university nursing schools; committee reports of the professional nursing organizations, such as the American Nurses Association and the National League of Nursing Education, more particularly the early reports when the latter organization was known as the American Society of Superintendents of  ̂ Training Schools for Nurses; the early editions of the American Journal of Nursing, the Modern Hospital, and other early nursing periodicals; Reports of the Committee on Nursing of the American Medical Association; the Annual Reports of the Rockefeller Foundation; the Cleveland Hospital and Health Survey; the United States Office of Education Bulletins; and definitive works of early twentieth century American history. Although the history of medicine contains multitudinous volumes on medical education, there is little extant in the literature of the history of nursing education, and even less in the history of bacca laureate nursing education. A review of the literature on nursing education just before and just after World War I reveals two striking phenomena in the trend and development of nursing education in America. One is that studies of nursing education Itself were of secondary Importance and were not the primary purpose of the major studies of nursing conducted in the United States. The studies in nursing education were off-shoots of the primary investigation concerning nursing and nurses, of their number, their functions and their effectiveness. Second, the discussion of baccalaureate nursing education consti tuted but a small segment of each study. In other words, not one major study in this period contained an emphasis on baccalaureate education far nurses, nor even on nursing education in general as its primary concern. The best source of historical materials on nursing education were the Proceedings of the Annual Conventions of the American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools for Nurses of which the first appeared in 1893. In the reports, the bulk of the material, as expected, dealt with the problems and concerns of the nurse educators of that era. 10 The topics of the annual reports through the era of thi6 study give evidence for one historical fact: that the question of baccalaureate education for nurses constituted the interest of a minor segment of the nurse educators in their discussions at the annual conventions. How ever, this minority group held in its membership the nursing leaders of its day, and through its work and action, constituted a major influence in the development of baccalaureate nursing education, as this study will demonstrate in a later chapter. To determine the growth and development of basic baccalaureate nursing education, data were collected to show the number of nursing programs established in America and the number of students enrolled and graduated from the basic baccalaureate program in its early years. The number of women enrolled in colleges and universities, the number who earned degrees, the number of women in other women's occupations, as well as the number enrolled in and graduated from the traditional three-year hospital school of nursing could also offer a basis for many kinds of comparisons and trends. However, as one may suspect from the available literature on baccalaureate nursing education, statistics were difficult, if not impossible, to obtain. Prior to World War I and in fact throughout the first third of the twentieth century, there was no one specific agency responsible for the collection of data on nurses. In the early journals, there were sporadic references to the number of students enrolled in a single or a few leading university schools of nursing. Three studies which deal with nursing education contain some data relating to baccalaureate education. ^The American Nurses Association through its Nursing Information Bureau printed its first Facts about Nursing in 1935•


"A+B credit system"curriculum system aims to cultivate the all-round development student,and it is an integral system that consists of the credit curriculum A that focuses on "solid foundation,wild scope,empha- sizing on practice,and enhancing ability" and the credit curriculum B that focuses on"all-round participation, paying attention to progress,and improving the personality".This curriculum system resolves the problems in implementation of credit system,increases the students" enthusiasms to study,and improves the educational and teaching reform.And we must implement classification management,build institutional guarantee,and form working mechanism for establishing and operating this curriculum system.


In array processors, data reordering is often needed to perform the computations in correct order. Matrix transpose is such a reordering operation used, e.g., in block-based video coding implementations. In this paper, a parameterized decomposition of the permutation matrix performing 2/sup k/ /spl times/ 2/sup k/ matrix transpose is derived. A systematic approach to design register-based reordering units based on the decomposition is proposed where the number of ports, 2/sup q/, can be varied, q /spl les/ k.


A 52-year-old white man visited his physician because he started experiencing shortness of breath on walking short distances at ground level. He had smoked half a packet of cigarettes daily for 40 years. Physical examination revealed a blood pressure of 147/95 mm Hg. Chest examination and chest x-ray were unremarkable, and ECG showed left atrial abnormality. The patient had normal serum electrolytes, blood sugar, and kidney function tests. A stress echocardiogram was ordered to exclude potential coronary artery disease. His resting echocardiography showed an ejection fraction (EF) of 60%, normal septal and posterior wall thickness, and mild diastolic dysfunction (septal early diastolic mitral annular velocity [e′] of 7 cm/s, early diastolic [E wave] to late diastolic [A wave] transmitral Doppler flow velocity ratio [E/A] of 1.4, E-wave deceleration time of 210 ms, E/e′ ratio of 9, and left atrial volume index of 44 mL/m2; Figure 1A). There were no resting segmental wall motion abnormalities suggestive of ischemia. The patient exercised on a treadmill using Bruce protocol for 4 minutes and 43 s, and achieved 6.6 metabolic equivalent of task and maximum heart rate of 148 bpm (88% of his maximum age predicted heart rate). At peak exercise, the patient developed severe dyspnea and his blood pressure was 213/90 mm Hg. Post exercise echocardiography was acquired within 1 minute of exercise termination and showed EF of 69% and no segmental wall motion abnormalities, with Doppler recordings obtained at recovering heart rate of 125 bpm; showing a septal e′ velocity of 7.3 cm/s, E/A of 1.9, E-wave deceleration time of 110 ms, and E/e′ of 13.7, left atrial volume index of 35 mL/m2 (Figure 1B). Ten minutes into the recovery period, the blood pressure returned to basal level (145/80 mm Hg). Compared with resting levels, the increased E/A ratio, shortened E-wave deceleration …


This article presents PMF-Vision, a digital assistant for manual assembly based on the concept of augmented reality information projected on the workspace. This digital assistant aims at assisting operators with mild mental deficiencies in their assembly tasks by tracking their actions in real-time. In this research, we analyzed hand tracking algorithms based on the latest deep learning techniques and highlighted the best candidate for our context in terms of accuracy and processing time. We present different interaction concepts for the system and propose to evaluate two visualisation concepts to assist the operator during component placement. The results of the exploratory study (N=6) highlighted the excellent usability of the system and the interest, expressed by the target population, to use such tools in their daily tasks.


Resume: En depit de l'importance qu'elle a dans l'experience du cinema, l'etude de l'espace social que constitue la salle de projection a longtemps ete, en etudes cinematographiques, subordonnee a la lecture des "textes" filmiques. Alors que depuis une dizaine d'annees, les chercheurs ont essaye de mettre en lumiere la comprehension de cet espace, pour la plupart, les recherches ont ignore le discours potentiellement interessant, emergeant au meme moment en philosophie, ayant trait au probleme de la communaute. Cet article utilisera la conception qu'a Jean-Luc Nancy de la « communaute inoperante » pour initier un dialogue entre les theories du spectateur cinematographique et les recherches philosophiques sur la conception de la communaute. Cette convergence servira a revisiter la comprehension habituelle de la fonction ideologique de l'experience du cinema en salle commerciale et aussi a jeter une lumiere nouvelle sur les modes alternatifs d'exploitation qui remettent en question cette experience. Cette derniere discussion mettra l'accent sur MobMov, un groupe international de projectionnistes amateurs qui utilisent la technologie mobile et l'Internet pour organiser des projections dans certains coins oublies des villes. Despite being an integral component of the cinema experience, the social space of the theater has historically been subordinated within the discipline of film studies to the reading of film texts. Recognizing this bias, a certain contingent of scholarship in the last few decades has attempted to cast light onto the darkness via a now familiar lens. Exemplary of these efforts are Lakshmi Srinivas's depiction of dancing, conversing and other modes of interacting with the onscreen action found in Indian theaters as a means of reconstructing the film proper, John Champagne's description of the viewing habits (or lack thereof) of male homosexual subjects in gay porno arcades in terms of a game through which the constraints of heteronormative ideology give way to alternative models, and Bruce Austin's portrayal of cult film authences as nothing short of bit players for whom the image is a catalyst for performance rather than a site of immersion.1 It is hardly a revelation that, in their focus on oppositional rather than ideological readings, active users instead of passive consumers, and, more broadly, subjectivity and reception over close analysis of cultural artifacts, these works are, to a greater or lesser extent, the beneficiaries of the work of British Cultural Studies. What is less immediately apparent, however, is the ways in which these projects, on account of this influence, reproduce a larger impasse regarding the individual's relation to his or her social formation, a problem that inevitably slides into the field's long entanglement- or "wrestle" as Stuart Hall would describe it - with the more ominous question of how to formulate power relations with regard to the consumption of mass culture.2 The birth of the empowered "user" of mass culture can, to a large extent, be traced back to Stuart Hall's seminal work "Encoding/Decoding," which presents the authence's "negotiation" of mass media messages in terms of a spectrum of transparency and noise, the interplay of which produces one of three modes of reading: dominant-hegemonic, negotiated, or oppositional. Governing each stage of this process is a "complex structure of dominance" comprised of multi-layered frameworks of discursivity through which otherwise unintelligible messages are made legible. Despite Hall's explicit warnings that this interaction was heavily delimited by these discursive conditions and, therefore, inevitably reproduced power relations to some degree, many of his interpreters focused almost exclusively on the latter two modes of reception and in the process overlooked the more primary interpenetration of power relations that took place in the very act of "reading" itself.3 Commenting on this phenomenon a decade after Hall's essay, David Morley describes the strained lineage between the original text and the "romantic" approaches that it spawned in the following terms: [Hall's] model has subsequently been quite transformed, to the point where it is often maintained that the majority of authence members routinely modify or deflect any dominant ideology reflected in media content and the concept of a preferred reading, or of a structured polysemy, drops entirely from view. …


The great Chinese poet Huang Zunxian (1848-1905), who served 1877-1882 as Counselor and First Secretary to the Imperial Chinese Legation in Tokyo, became closely acquainted then with prominent Japanese literati (bunjin). His friendship and experience with them provided him with invaluable access to information and insight into the intellectual and cultural atmosphere of early Meiji Japan. Equipped with the unique set of skills of a Chinese literatus—essential in the almost ubiquitous kanji (Chinese character) culture then prevalent in Japan—and with first-hand access to the modes of discourse and thought of his hosts—through their many writings in kanbun (literary Chinese) and thousands of still extant pages of "brush talks" (bitan/hitsudan) composed in a combination of literary Chinese and written guanhua (the original "Mandarin") in which he himself had participated—Huang formed discriminating views of almost all aspects of Japanese life in a rapidly changing era, views that are encapsulated in the 214 poems with short appended essays that comprise Huang's Riben zashi shi (Poems on Miscellaneous Subjects from Japan) (1879; revised edition1890), the constant political sub-text of which was to convince the Guangxu emperor and his court that the Meiji Restoration should be the model for China's own modernization and reform. By 1898 this had succeeded and Huang was about to be appointed Legation Minister (Ambassador) to Japan, when the reform movement was brought to an abrupt end by the reactionary palace coup led by the Empress Dowager. Nevertheless, Huang's poems and short essays have both great historical interest and significant contemporary relevance, since they speak to a moment of Chinese-Japanese cultural relations when these two nations—all too briefly—were united in common cause to bring about reform while attempting to save the best elements of tradition, many aspects of which by then had enriched both cultures alike for a millennium and a half. Poems (with Huang's own commentaries) translated, annotated and analyzed for this presentation are selected for their focus on public institutions, including: the Diet, palaces, city history and government, parks, temples and religion (Shino, Buddhist, Confucian), Christian churches, administrative offices in their transition from feudal to modern institutions, law enforcement, fire departments, hospitals, museums, schools, newspapers, traditional sports, the theatre, musical performances, modern configurations of trade and commerce, and tourism. Huang was fascinated with such things, for while some were familiar others were utterly new and full of possibilities for what he wanted to happen back in China. As he straddles the tradition-modernity divide throughout these poems, they should be of particular interest to scholars of Chinese-Japanese cultural relations as well as of more general interest to the non-specialist but informed audience concerned with perennial tradition-modernity issues.


The seasonal prevalence of hymenopterous parasitoids of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, L. trifolii (Burgess), and L. bryoniae (Kaltenbach) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) infesting commercially grown tomato plants was surveyed in two greenhouses in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan from 2000 to 2002. Opius sp. (Braconidae) was predominant from May to June in 2000 and 2002. Halticoptera circulus (Walker) (Pteromalidae) was also predominant from May to June in 2002. In other survey periods, Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood) (Eulophidae) was predominant in both greenhouses. The parasitoid complex that emerged from each of L. sativae, L. trifolii, and L. bryoniae on kidney bean set outside the tomato greenhouse was more abundant than that inside the greenhouse. The dominant parasitoid species that emerged fromeach of the three species of Liriomyza set inside and outside the greenhouse was N. formosa.


The paper considers the development of methods for calculating motors with tape winding. Novel motor type allows to obtain an increased torque due to the high current flowing through the tape winding. The numerical studies of the uniform and non-uniform magnetic flux density distributions in the air gap of tape winding motor are provided. It is shown that taking into account the real non-uniform character of magnetic flux density distribution, the torque pulsations during the rotor rotations decrease. Also the ways of the torque pulsations magnitude reducing by changing the geometry of both the magnetic pole and the tape winding plate are indicated.


Understanding the factors that influence daily and weekly water consumption patterns in distribution systems is fundamental for both long term tasks, such as planning, design, expansion or rehabilitation of the systems, and short term tasks, such as routine system operation or emergency management. This paper describes the development of a Portuguese nationwide program for characterizing residential water consumption, through the use of a specific consumption data analysis protocol and the build-up of a database of demand patterns; and for associating it with a range of easily obtained, potential relatable factors that include the technical features of the network (e.g., service pressure, network state and maintenance level, use of household tanks), billing and customer statistics and a range of social-demographic variables, such as age, social-economic level and mobility of consumers, age and type of buildings, and economic activities. The program is currently being test-run on a set of 20 metering districts from 9 water utilities, comprising a variety of network types and demand characteristics across representative urban areas of Portugal. The metering districts range in size from 2,000 to 12,000 connected properties, and have mostly been monitored since 2005 (in some cases, 2004). Total consumption is continuously monitored during the main seasonal scenarios (typically winter and summer) in the areas selected. Standardized daily demand patterns and consumption statistics are produced for each day of the week, as well as for each season, in case there is seasonality in the area. Social-demographic information is based on statistics obtained from the 2001 National Census for the basic statistical units, which are around 300 dwellings in size. After the initial run, the program is to be disseminated and made accessible to all water utilities willing to participate, on a voluntary basis and with data anonymity. This will be done mostly through a dedicated website containing the consumption database, together with query and analysis tools, as well as a supervised mechanism to submit new cases in standard format. It is believed that the publication of the result database and its continued growth will provide the water industry designers, consultants and managers with much more reliable and updated data on water consumption than previously available. It will also represent a means to estimate demand through correlation and profiling, in cases when there are no records to work from. The paper discusses the demand analysis performed, as well as the development of the set of potential explanatory factors (technical features of the network and social-demographic variables), and illustrates with the results obtained so far. This paper was presented at the 8th Annual Water Distribution Systems Analysis Symposium which was held with the generous support of Awwa Research Foundation (AwwaRF).


Introduction: A direct comparison of survival benefits between cardiac resynchronization therapy‐pacemaker (CRT‐P) and defibrillator (CRT‐D) was not yet performed, leaving clinicians to question whether CRT‐P alone is enough to protect congestive heart failure (CHF) patients from sudden cardiac death and whether CRT‐D should be implanted to all CHF patients indicated for biventricular pacing. This study attempts to make this type of comparison in a large CHF population and seeks to identify predictors of death in patients with different comorbidities.


We report on a program to monitor classical novae (CNe) to determine if they produced dust in the ejecta created by their outbursts. Of the ten systems we followed, five produced dust. We also present limited infrared and optical spectroscopy of these objects. We present a complete $JHKLM$ spectrum for V992 Sco. V992 Sco was one of the brightest CNe in the infrared of all time, and our $M$-band spectrum of this object shows strong emission from the CO fundamental. We believe this to be the first, and only, spectroscopic observation of this feature in a CNe.


The paper presents a method for determination of the steady-state torque characteristics of the induction motor in the case of rotor fi eld-oriented control (RFOC) with nonlinear magnetizing characteristic of the iron core included. The torque characteristics are determined for the constant stator current and the constant d-axis stator current. The characteristics obtained at a constant stator current are used to maximize the torque capability of the RFOC induction motor. The aim of the presented work is to obtain required steady-state torque with minimal stator current. Experiments show that the proposed selection of a magnetizing reference is promising.


Climate is a key determinant of a number of disease pathogen lifecycles and disease transmission processes, particularly within tropical climates such as that experienced in Tanzania. Over recent decades, climate‐related diseases such as malaria, chikungunya and bacterial meningitis have shown notable changes in their spatial distribution, with instances of both re‐emergence and expansion beyond previously known boundaries being recorded. The unpredicted change in disease distribution already experienced in Tanzania has placed a significant burden on health systems and available resources, and whilst a number of factors are involved, climate remains the least understood aspect within epidemiological changes. Here we examine how climate extremes – particularly El Niño events – influence key environmental and climatic elements which promote epidemiological expansion.


Established in 1961, History of Religions is devoted to the study of religious phenomena from prehistory to the present age, within as well as across historical and cultural boundaries. Seeking to integrate scholarly work from the various areas of the scientific study of religion, the journal provides an invaluable resource for professors, researchers, and students in religion, history, anthropology, psychology, sociology, and philosophy. In addition, History of Religions publishes review articles, comprehensive book reviews, and book notes by distinguished scholars.


Technology projects are inherently risky; research shows that large IT projects succeed as originally planned only 28 percent of the time. Building flexibility, or real options, into a project can help manage this risk. Furthermore, the management flexibility of options has value, as the downside risk is reduced and the upside is increased. The case is based upon real options analysis for an enterprise data warehouse (EDW) and analytic customer relationship management (CRM) program at a major U.S. firm. The firm has been disguised as Global Airlines for confidentiality reasons. The data mart consolidation or EDW marginally meets the hurdle rate for the firm as analyzed using a traditional net present value (NPV) analysis. However, different tactical deployment strategies help mitigate the risk of the project by building options into the project, and the traditional NPV is expanded by the real option value. Students analyze the different deployment strategies using a binomial model compound option Excel macro, and calculate the volatility using Monte Carlo analysis in Excel. A step-by-step tutorial is provided to teach students how to accomplish the real options analysis for a simplified project, and this tutorial is easily generalized by students to the case scenario. In addition to the tactical options, the case also has the strategic growth option of analytic CRM. Students must therefore analyze both the tactical and strategic growth options and make a management recommendation on funding the project and also recommend an optimal deployment strategy to manage the project risk.

The case teaches real options for technology projects. Students learn how to calculate real option values, where the key input of volatility is obtained by Monte Carlo analysis in Excel. Students also learn that the real option value is "real," resulting from active management mitigating the risk of the project and improving the upside. Most important, students understand the difference between tactical vs. strategic growth options and the important management issues to consider.


The machinations of MPs' expenses, the daily speculation as to the fitness of government and the outcomes of local and European elections may not be uppermost in the minds of midwives doing their best on a day to day basis to improve services to women. It is unlikely however to have escaped their notice that the British National Party (BNP) has just won two seats in the European Parliament.


In this paper, we present and evaluate a first pass speech recognition model for Komi, an endangered and low-resource Uralic language spoken in Russia. We compare a transfer learning approach from English with a baseline model trained from scratch using DeepSpeech (an end-to-end ASR model) and evaluate the impact of fine tuning a language model for correcting the output of the network. We also provides an overview of previous research and perform an error analysis with a focus on the language model and the challenges introduced by a fieldwork based corpus. Though we only achieve a 70.9% Character Error Rate, there is a great deal to be learned from the circumstances presented by our data's struc-


A ear detection is an important part of an ear recognition system. In this paper we propose human ear detection from side image of faces. The proposed method is composed of three main steps: 1) we search face-candidature-area by 'Skin-Color model' in an incoming image. 2) In the area to be found, we find out ear area based on the edge information. 3) to verify whether it is the ear area or not, we use the SVM(Support Vector Machine) based on a statistical theory.


Students in the state of flow can learn more efficiently. The research purpose of this paper is to find out methods teachers can use to improve learners' flow experience in teaching activities. Based on the experimental study of educational games in primary school mathematics classroom practice, this paper explores the strategies of educational games to improve learners' flow experience, and analyzes the experimental data of learning effect from four factors: fearless failure, loss of self-awareness, neglect of time passing and focus on the value of the activity itself, the neglect of the passage of time and the focus on the activity itself. combined with interview data, and finally came to the conclusion that educational games can improve learners' flow experience in classroom practice to a certain extent. This paper sums up three methods that can improve students' flow experience in teaching activities and four strategies about the design of mathematics classroom practice.


In recent years, a new confident Hindutva has enforced its presence in several districts of coastal Karnataka, seeking to consolidate its base among diverse castes. Yet, to combat the bonds of economic cohesion and cultural cohabitation that still retain their resilience among communities - Hindu and Muslim, this new Hindutva will need to continually build new identities and deconstruct existing ones.


In the presence of Pareto, non-dictatorship, full domain, and transitivity, an extremely weak independence condition disallows both anonymity and neutrality.


Restraint to drying shrinkage is the most common cause of concrete cracking. In many applications, drying shrinkage cracks are inevitable. In this paper, the surface cracks of soil concrete caused by drying shrinkage were considered to become an one of concrete textures. So, laboratory shrinkage tests were conducted and the results were applied to the field applications. The study results were summarized as follows; First, the use of vinyl sheets and concrete polymers helped to control the concrete cracking. Second, crack propagation usually started at the interfaces of soil concrete slabs and the cracks grew to the inner slabs. Third, surface cracks of soil concrete slabs could be an one of good concrete textures